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CENSURA LITERARIA. 
 
 CONTAINING 
 
 TITLES, ABSTRACTS, 
 
 AKD 
 
 OPINIONS 
 
 OF 
 
 OLD ENGLISH BOOKS, 
 
 WITH 
 
 ORIGINAL DISQUISITIONS, ARTICLES OF BIOGRAPHY, 
 AND OTHER LITERARY ANTIQUITIES. 
 
 VOLUME I. 
 
 LONDON: 
 
 PRINTED BY T. EENSLEY, 30LT-COURT, FLEET STREET, 
 
 rOR LONGMAN^ HURST, REES, AND ORME, PATEK>fOSTER-R6w : 
 AND J. WHITE, FLEET-STREET. 
 
 ISO J. 
 
■J. — --' .' j / 
 
DIGESTED TABLE OF CONTENTS. 
 
 HISTORY. 
 
 1. Duchesne's Histonae Normannorum Scriptores Antlqui, fol. 1619 Page 31 
 
 2. Maseres' Emmas Encomium, &o. 410. 1782 28 
 
 3. Fruissart's Chronicles, translated by Lord Berncis, a vol. fol. 1^25 .... 1 16 
 
 4. The same, translated by Johues, 410. i S03-4 ^^9 
 
 5. Stocker's Tragical I-iistory Oi the Civil Wars of Flanders from 1559 
 
 to i5^'i, 4to. 1583 28 9 
 
 6. Vicais's Parliamuitary Chronicle, 3 vols. 410. 1644—1646 329 
 
 7. Carter's Kentish Expedition, i2mo. 1650 164 
 
 8. Overbury's Observations on the United Provinces, 1 2mo. 165 i 269 
 
 9. Waison's Memoirs of the Warrens, Earls of Surry, 4to. 1776 356 
 
 10. The samo, 2d Edit. 2 vol. 4to. 17S2 19 
 
 11. Phil-pot's Catalogue of Knights made by Jam. I. 8vo. 1660 356 
 
 BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 12. Mrs. Scott's Life of Thcodo'.eAgrippaD'Aubigne, 8vo. 1772 29^ 
 
 13. Holland's Keroologia AngHca, fol. 1620 305 
 
 14. Gall's Virorum Doctorum EfEgic',, fol. 1572 357 
 
 15. Fuller's Ab'.l Red'.ivus ; or. Lives ofModern Divines, 410. 1651 311 
 
 16. Sir Fulke Grevil's Life of Sir Philip Sydney, 8vo. 1652 269 
 
 17. Lawrein_e'i Francl Nicholhii Vita, 410. 1780 ". 192 
 
 18. Rlenoirs of Dr. Lawrence /'. 198 
 
 ■ I o, Thornai Randoli)h 27 
 
 29. Valentine Oldis ^6 
 
 21. Thomas Rawlins 37 
 
 22. Thomas Jordan ^-j 
 
 ■ 23. Thomas Hey wood ^q 
 
 24. Ben Joason , y^ 
 
 2<. Sir John Chandos 124 
 
 26. Lady Elizabeth Carew 152 
 
 27. John Lilly i6n 
 
 28. John Crown ly 2. 
 
 29. Nathaniel Lee 176 
 
 tjo. Dramatic Poets temp. Char. II 1 -a 
 
 3 1 . Thomas Nabbes :^ ja 
 
 :j2. John Vicars ' 3 ,j 
 
 33. Richard Knolles ; t,-^^ 
 
 34. John Nprden 1 "^o 
 
 35 . Thomas R\ mer i^j 
 
 36. Dr. Charles Davcnant i ^ i 
 
 37. Vi'iUiam Lisle 292 
 
 3«. Mrs. Scott 293 
 
 3f • J^ni" Beattie -^ 
 
 40. Mrs. Montagu , ^7 
 
 41. Robert Putter J5- 
 
 42. Jacob Bryant S6 
 
 43. George Barry, D. D 331 
 
 POETRY. 
 
 44. Tottell's Miscellany, containing the Poems of Loid Surrey and 
 
 others, I finio. 1 56^, Sec 244 
 
 4?. The same, 8vo. 1 7 1 7 ;^^_^ 
 
 /6. The Paradyss of Dainty Pevi„cS; by M, Edvvardcs, 410. 1576 zj^ 
 
Ir CONTENTS. 
 
 47. A ftindeful of Plesant Delites by Clement Robinson, i6mo. 1584 267 
 
 48. The Phcenix Nest, 4to. 1593 267 
 
 49. England's Helicon, 4to. 1600 *. . 217 
 
 50. The same, 8vo. 1 6 14 • 420 
 
 51. Davison's Poetical Rhapsodie, izmo. 161 1 105, 229 
 
 52. Gaseoigne's Workcs, 4to. 1587 109 
 
 Si- Wyrley's Life and Death of Lord Chandos, 410. 1592 • 14S 
 
 54. The Muses Sacrifice, by John Davies, i2mo. 16 12 40 
 
 55. G. Wither's Shepheard's Hunting, 1 2mo. 161 5 42 
 
 56. N. Whiting's Albino and Bellama, 1639 155 
 
 57. R. Baion's Pocula Castalia, 8vo. 1650 166 
 
 38. \V. Lisle's Faire yEthiopian, 410. 1631 291 
 
 59. W. Sheastonc's Poems, .1737 238 
 
 60. Collinses Odes, 1746 353 
 
 ii.Bathiust's Latin Version of Spenser's Shepherd's Calendar, 8vo. 1653... 350 
 
 ORIGINAL POEMS. 
 
 62. On revisi'ing a deserted mansion 7^ 
 
 6?. Retirement, a poetical fragment 286, 424. 
 
 jS4, Verses regretting the neglect of poetry in youth 3S2 
 
 POETICAL CRITICISM. 
 
 65. Pattenham's Arte of English Pocsie, 4to. 1589 335 
 
 66. Webbe's Discourse of English Poetrie, 4to. 15S6 34^ 
 
 ^7. Notices, &c. of Eiiglish Poetry from R. Tofte's Translation of 
 
 Varchi, 1615 234 
 
 POLITICAL ARITHMETIC, TRADE, AGRICULTURE. 
 
 6%. Political Arithmetic, contain'ng a catalogue of writers on the sub- 
 ject from Petty to Thornton; including Davenant, Gregory 
 King, Postlethwayte, Chalmers, &:c , .. .. ^f 
 
 ig. Chronicon Rusticum Commerciale; or. Memoirs of Wool in England 
 from ancient to the present times, including a chronological list 
 and account of publications on the subject. By the Reverend 
 John Smith, LL.B. z vols. 8vo. 1747 27* 
 
 70. Norden's Surveyor's Dialogue, 410. 1 607 430 
 
 71. The Citie's great Concern, whether Apprenticeship extingiiishsth 
 
 gtntry, 1 zmo. 1 674 * 267 
 
 72. Charles Smith's Tracts on the Corn Laws, 8vo. 1 804 41* 
 
 MISCELLANIES. 
 
 73. Public Employment and an active lift- preferred to Solitude, being an 
 
 Essay by John Evelyn, Esq. in ansv.'er to one of a contrary title 
 
 by Sir George Mackenzie, izmo. 1667 I 
 
 74. Resolves, Divine, Moral, and Political. By Owen Feltliam, 1628, 
 
 4to. including some account of the author 24 
 
 7?. Additions to Ritson's Bibliogr.iphia 158 
 
 76. Bodin's Three Books of a Commonwealth, translated by Richard 
 
 Knolico, fol. 1 6c6 349 
 
 77. Martin's Description of the Hebrides, or Western Isles of Scotland, 
 
 8vo. 1703 35* 
 
 78. Milton's Cypher and Haiieian Library 438 
 
 79. BibliothectB 5^ 
 
 80. Topography , 7S 
 
 8 I . Original Letter of Mrs. Montagu 90 
 
 82. On Biography, with remarks on the character of Cowper 205 
 
 if 3. Observations on the sensibilities and eccentricities of men of genius 383 
 
 ^4. Literary Obituary 100, 314, 324, 34a 
 
 ADVEP.TISEMENT. 
 
ADVERTISEMENT. 
 
 In 1690 Sir Thomas Pope Blount published 
 his " Censura authorum celebriorum," a work 
 which is here mentioned, because the Editor 
 of the present undertaking has chosen a title 
 of some similitude. The object of that work, 
 was to bring together the opinions of the 
 learned on the most distinguished writers of 
 all countries from the earliest periods ; and the 
 very accomplished and erudite compiler has 
 accordingly produced a volume of great re- 
 search, authority, and use. 
 
 In 1737 William Oldys published in six 
 Numbers " the British Librarian, exhibiting a 
 compendious Review or Abstract of our most 
 scarce, useful, and valuable Books in all Sci- 
 ences as well in manuscript as in print, with 
 many characters, historical and critical, of their 
 A antagonists, 
 
11 
 
 antagonists, &c." Of this, Campbell, in his 
 " Rational Amusement," speaks in the follow- 
 ing terms: "There was a design" says he, 
 " set on foot some years ago which would have 
 perfectly answered the purpose (of properly 
 characterizing books) ; I mean the " British 
 Librarian," of which, however, there is but 
 one volume, though nothing in that kind was 
 ever so well received. If its author, v/ho is 
 of all men living the most capable, would 
 pursue and perfect this plan, he would do 
 equal justice to the living and to the dead." 
 
 In 1772, the late Lord Orford gave to the 
 world two Numbers of a work, entitled " Mis- 
 cellaneous Antiquities; or, a collection of 
 curious papers, either republished from scarce 
 Tracts, or now iirst printed from Original 
 MSS." " The Numbers," says the Adver- 
 tisement, " will not appear with periodic 
 regularity, but as it sliall suit the leisure and 
 convenience of the g;entlemen who have un- 
 dertaken the work, which is in imitation of 
 Peck's Desiderata Curiosa, and is solely cal- 
 culated for amusement ; for which reason the 
 Editors make no promises, enter into no en- 
 gagements ; but shall take the liberty of con- 
 tinuing, varying, or dropping the plan, when 
 
 and 
 
Ill 
 
 and in what manner they please; a notice 
 they think right to give, that no man may 
 complain hereafter of being disappointed." 
 
 The object of the present undertaking is to 
 /combine some of the advantages of all these 
 works. But the Editor, living at a distance 
 from the Capital, having only the amusement 
 of literary occupation in view, and being often 
 distracted by other pressing avocations, will 
 neither engage for regular periods of publi- 
 cation, nor be unalterably confined to any 
 plan. He is aware, that what he has to offer 
 will be principally adapted to the curious ; 
 ^nd therefore he has printed but a moderate 
 number of copies. Under these circumstances, 
 but still niore, if this small impression should 
 not find purchasers, he will consider himself 
 free to drop, at any time, this attempt to con- 
 vey harmless information or pleasure. 
 
 But should it, contrary to his expectations, 
 receive encouragement, he trusts to the assist- 
 ance of his literary friends, more especially 
 for the titles and abstracts of scarce books, and 
 original lives of unjustly negle6lcd authors. 
 And in that case no literary discussion will be 
 unacceptable to these pages. 
 
 A 2 The 
 
IV 
 
 The Editor cannot avoid thinking that 
 while eight or ten Reviews are supported in 
 giving accounts (often ridiculously opposite) 
 of new books, one surely may usefully be oc- 
 cupied in reviving the treasures of past ages. 
 
 Such was the plan originally designed for 
 this publication; but the first sheet had not 
 been worked off at the press, when, by the 
 urgent advice of friends, it was altered and en- 
 larged. The size has been augmented, and 
 the number of copies, which was originally so 
 small, as, even after the sale of the whole, to 
 have subjected the Editor, in the progress of 
 the work, to a great loss, has been moderately 
 increased. But whether this undertaking, 
 commenced from the purest love of literature, 
 and executed hitherto in hurry and distraction, 
 will support itself, seems a matter of serious 
 doubt. 
 
 The Editor does not hesitate to acknowledge 
 (what it consoles his pride to recollect that 
 even Johnson had once occasion to confess *), 
 that " he has never been much a favourite 
 with the public." But, like Johnson, he may 
 
 * Rambler, No. 208. 
 
 honestly 
 
V 
 
 honestly say, that he " has never descended to 
 the arts by which favour is" generally " ob- 
 tained." All the meretricious tricks by which 
 the praises of originality, invention, and genius, 
 are usurped in these days by a succession of 
 meteor-like authors, he has uniformly despised 
 and rejected; and read with mingled emotions 
 of pity and indignation the encomiums be- 
 stowed by half-witted and mercenary critics 
 on the tinsel and sickly efforts of impure and 
 degenerate ingenuity. 
 
 To call back the notice of the Public to the 
 productions of chaster days; to disperse those 
 clouds of time which have enveloped the me- 
 mory of a deserving writer; to bring the past 
 into a compai'ison with the present ; to range 
 at once over the whole field of a nation's 
 hterature, 
 
 " Darling fiom heaven to earth, from earth to heaven," 
 
 and to array the authors of Elizabeth and 
 James I. with those of the last and present cen- 
 tury, is at least a pleasing, and may be a useful, 
 exercise of cultivated minds. 
 
 But it is a task, perhaps, which may be re- 
 served for more fortunate men to perform : it 
 is probable that the attempt on his part may 
 
 soon 
 
VI 
 
 soon become a matter of unjustifiable impru- 
 dence : and the Editor's anxious wishes to ob- 
 tain an opportunity of imparting innocent 
 pleasure by the communication, at more fa- 
 vourable moments, of those intellectual stores 
 which a life of study and reflection has col- 
 lected, may be nipped in the bud. If there be 
 any who know under what depressions of sor- 
 row, in what sufferings from the poisoned ar-. 
 rows of ingratitude and malice, and the greedy 
 fangs of rapacity, the present number has been 
 collected, and carried through the press, they 
 will make due allowance for its imperfections, 
 and augur better of its progress under happier 
 omens. 
 
 There are those, however, to whom such 
 circumstances may aggravate the offence of 
 presuming to offer amusement or information 
 to the public. lie, who withdraws his atten- 
 tion from his private concerns in pursuit of 
 such romantic follies, will appear in the eyes 
 of these narrow and selfish censurers to de- 
 serve tiie utmost difHciilties that adversity can 
 inflict. But such ungenerous judgments affect 
 not the purposes of a mind duly elevated. To 
 brood over evils which we cannot alter j to fix 
 our sight upon approaciiing dangers vvdiich we 
 cannot avert, is uselessly to enervate our hearts. 
 
 It 
 
vu 
 
 It is better for a little while to soothe by the 
 charms of intellectual exertion the voracious 
 appetites of the vultures that are hovering 
 around us; and to soften the hours of pain, 
 and grief, and fear, by vi-rtuous occupation. 
 
 He, who considers merely himself, who 
 cultivates his talents only for personal advance- 
 ment, is little fitted to deserve the rewards of 
 literary fame. The laurel of the Muses is in 
 worldly gains, indeed, a barren laurel. But is 
 there nothing in the possession of a cultivated 
 understanding ? Is there no delight in that su- 
 periority, which is so far above titles and 
 wealth, and power ? Is there no remuneration 
 in the pleasures of composition and the exer- 
 cise of the powers of the mind ? 
 
 In the expression of these sentiments, the 
 Editor trusts that his motives for the prcsenr. 
 publication are sufficiently explained But it 
 was not his intention to have committed his 
 name. There is, however, an important con- 
 sideration which has impelled him to sign it 
 to this advertisement. Though this work of 
 criticism will principally be conversant with 
 authors who are dead, it will occasionally give 
 opinions on the works of the living. To se- 
 cure it, therefore, from the imputation to 
 
 which 
 
Vlll 
 
 which other Reviews are sometimes L'able ; to 
 prevent its being even suspected of ever being 
 the vehicle of personal malice under the form 
 of judgments on authors, which have too fre- 
 quently been written, by concealed enemies, or 
 under the influence of prejudices privately 
 conveyed from such quarters — an assassin-like 
 species of treatment, under which the present 
 Editor has himself too severely suffered, — to 
 protect this undertaking from the possibility of 
 conduct so immoral and base, he reluctantly, 
 and with diffidence, affixes the signature of 
 
 Samuel Egeeton Brydges. 
 
 Feb. 24. 1805. 
 
 CENSURA 
 
CENSURA LITERARIA. 
 
 NUMBER I. 
 
 Art. I. Public Employment, and an active life 
 prefer' d to Solitude, and all its appanages, such as 
 Fame, Command, Riches, Conversation^ c^c. in 
 reply to a late ingenious Essay of a contrary title. 
 By I. E. Esq. S.R.S, London, Printed by H. Her- 
 ringham at the sign of the Blew Anchor in the 
 loiver walk of the Neiv Exchange, 1667. i2mo. 
 
 This Essay was written by the celebrated John 
 Evelyn, the author of " Sylva,*' and numerous other 
 useful works, who was bora 1620, and died 1707, 
 jetat. eighty-six, in answer to one, published in 1665, 
 by Sir George Mackenzie, an eminent Scotch, writer, 
 and lawyer, who was born 1&36, and died 1691. 
 
 This little tract of 120 pages is dedicated by Mr. 
 Evelyn to " the Honourable Sir Richard Browne, Knt. 
 and Bart, late Resident at the court of France, his 
 honoured father-in-law." " It is not the least part of 
 his praise," says Lord Orford, in the beautiful charac- 
 ter he has drawn of this author, *' that he who pro- 
 posed to Mr. Boyle, the erection of a philosophic col- 
 
 ^ lege 
 
lege for retired and speculative persons, had the honesty 
 to write in defence of active life against Sir George 
 Mackenzie's Essay on Solitude. He knew that re 
 tirement in his own hands was industry and benefit to 
 mankind ; but in those of others, laziness and in- 
 utility." 
 
 In this small volume are displayed much learning, 
 much pedantry, much ingenuity, and many solid re- 
 flections. The author remarks that he has all the 
 topics and discourses of almost all the philosophers 
 who ever wrote against him, and that he is forced 
 therefore to tread the most unfrequented and solitary- 
 paths. " Meantime, it were pretty," says he, " if at 
 last it should appear, that a public person has all this 
 while contended for solitude, as it is certain, a private 
 has done for action." " Whilst this ingenious 
 author," continues Evelyn at another place, " is thus 
 eloquently declaiming against public employment, 
 fame, command, riches, pleasure, conversation, and 
 all the topics of his frontispiece, and would persuade us 
 wholly to retire from the active world; why is he at 
 all concerned with the empty breath of fame, and so 
 very fond of it, that without remembering the known 
 saying, Nemo eodem tempore ussequi potest magnam 
 famara ct magnam quietem, would have men cele- 
 brated for doing nothing? \''erily there is more of 
 ambition and empty glory in some solitudes and af- 
 fected retreats, than in the most exposed and con- 
 spicuous actions whatsoever. Ami)ition is not only in 
 public places, and pompous circumstances,^ but at 
 home, and in the interior life. Hermits tliemselve* 
 are not recluse enough to seclude that subtle spirit 
 vanity : Gloriari otio iuers anibiiio est. It is a most 
 
 idle" 
 
3 
 
 idle ambition to vaunt oF idleness, and but a mefe 
 boast to lie concealed too apparently ; since it does 
 but proclaim a desire of being obsel'ved. Wouldst 
 thou be indeed retired, says the philosopher, let no man 
 know it : ambition is never buried; repressed it may 
 be, not extinguished." 
 
 At page 77 is the following passage : " As for 
 books I acknowledge with the philosopher, otium sine 
 literis to be the greatest infelicity in the world j but 
 on the other side, not to read men, and converse with 
 living librafies, is to deprive ourselves of the most 
 tiseful and profitable of studies. This is that deplorable 
 defect which universally renders our bookish men so 
 pedantically morose and impolished, and in a word so 
 Very ridiculous : for, believe it. Sir, the wisest men 
 are not made in chambers and closets crowded with 
 shelves, but by habitudes and active conversations* 
 There is nothing more stupid than some of these 
 f^8<roirxrxy.roif letter-struck men ; for ypxiJ^^a.-ra. ^a.l^s1v 
 hi KXi iJ.aSxio'fx vo-Mv ixsiv, learning should not do 
 men ill ofiices* Action is the proper fruit of science; 
 and therefore they should quit the education of the 
 college, when fit to appear in business, and take Sene* 
 ca's advice, tamdiu istis immorandum, quamdiu nihil 
 agere animus magus potest; rudimenta sunt nostra, 
 non opera j and I am able to prove that persons of 
 the most public note for great affairs have stored the 
 world with the most of what it knows, even out of 
 books themselves : for such were Caesar, Cicero, 
 Seneca, both the Plinys, Aristotle, .^schylus, Sopho- 
 cles, Plato, Xenophon, Polybius; not to omit these of 
 later ages, and reaching even to our own doors, in our 
 Sydney, Verulam, Raleigh, the Count of Mirandula, 
 B 2 Scaliger, 
 
4 
 
 Scaliger the father, Tlcho Brache, Thuanus, Grotlas, 
 &c. profound men of letters, and so active in their 
 lives, as vvc shall find them to have nianao;ed the 
 greatest of public charges, not only of their native 
 countries, but sonic of them of the world itself, ^lian 
 has employed two entire chapters expressly to vindi- 
 cate philosophers from the prejudices and aspersions 
 of those who, like our antagonists, deemed the study 
 of it inconsistent with their administration of public 
 affairs." 
 
 Sir George Mackenzie ingenuously confesses, that 
 men of letters are in constraint when they speak before 
 great persons, and in company. " And can you praise 
 solitude for this virtue?" cries Evelyn. " Oh pro- 
 digious effect of learning ; that those who have studied 
 all their lives' lime to speak, should then be mute, 
 when they have most occasion to speak ! Loquere ut 
 te videam, said the philosopher; but be would have 
 men dumb and invisible too: the trutli is, it is the 
 only reproach of men of letters, that, for wani of libe- 
 ral conversation, some of them appear in the world like 
 so many phantasms in black, and by declining a sea- 
 sonable exerting of themselves, and their handsome 
 talents, which use and conversation would cultivate 
 and infinitely adorn, they leave occasion for so many 
 insipid and empty fops to usurp their rights, and dash 
 them out of countenance. Francis the first, that great 
 and incomparable prince, as Sleidan calls him, was 
 never brought up to letters, yet by the reading of good 
 translations, the delight he took to hear learned dis- 
 courses, and his inviting of scholars to converse freely 
 with him upon all subjects and occasions, he became 
 not only very eloquent, but shigularly knowing. For 
 
 this 
 
5 
 
 this doubtless it wa?, that Phitarch composed that 
 express treatise amongst his Morals, ** Philosophandum 
 esse cum Principibus," where he produces us several 
 rich examples of these profitable effects: and indeed, 
 says one, a philosopher ought not to be blamed for being 
 a courtier, and that we now and then find them in the 
 company of great and 0|HiIent persons; nor imports it, 
 that you seldom see their visits returned, since it is a 
 mark he knows what he wants of accomplishments, 
 and of their ignorance, who are so indifferent for the 
 advantages they may derive from their conversations. 
 
 ** But I might proceed to shew you, not only what 
 makes our learned book-worms come forth of their 
 cells with so ill a grace into company, but present you 
 likewise with some of the most specious fruits of their 
 so celebrated recesses ; were it not better to receive 
 what I would say from the lively character which 
 Seneca has Ions; since given us of them. In earnest- 
 marvellous is the pains, which some of them take after 
 an empty criticism, to have the points of Martial and 
 Juvenal ad unguem ; the scraps of the ancient poets 
 to produce upon occasion. Some are for roots, genea- 
 logies, and bl?z )ns ; can tell you who married who, 
 what his great grandfather was, and the portion that 
 came from his aunt. This was of old, says Seneca, 
 the epidemical disease for men to crack their brains to 
 discover how many oars Ulysses galley carried ; 
 whether it were first written " Ilias" or" OcU'sseaj'* 
 and a profound student amongst the learned Romans 
 would recount to you who was the first victor at sea ; 
 when elephants came into use at triumphs; and won- 
 derful is the concern about " caudex" for the deri- 
 vation of " codices" " caudicarius'* &c. '' Gellius" 
 B 3 or 
 
6 
 
 cvr " Agellius," " Vergilius" or " VIrgllius," with 
 the hke trifles that make men idle, busy indeed^ not 
 better. Yet are these amongst the considerable effects 
 and rare productions of Recess, Solitude, and Books ; 
 and some have grown old in the learning, and been 
 greatly admired for it. But what says our philosopher 
 to it? Cnjus isti errores minuent ? Cujus cupiditates 
 premcnt, quern fortiorem, qucmjustiorem, quern libe- 
 ratiorem facient ? Who is the better, less covetous, 
 more valiant, just, or liberal for them ? I tell you Fa- 
 bianus preferred ignorance before this unprofitable 
 science ; and certainly, therefore, useful and public em- 
 ployment is infinitely superior to it. If needs we will 
 be learned out of books only, let it be in something 
 more useful ; qui fructuosa, non qui muUa scit, sapitj 
 for it is no paradox to affirm a man may be learned 
 and know but little; and that the greatest clerks arc 
 not always the wisest men. The Greek orator, Iso-r 
 crates, gives us this description of usefully knowing 
 men. Reckon not those, says he, for philosophers, 
 whom you find to be acute disputants, and that can 
 contest about every minute scruple; but those who 
 discourse pertinently of the most important affairs; 
 who do not entertain men about a felicity to which 
 they can never arrive; but such as speak modestly of 
 themselves, aiid neither want courage nor address on 
 all emergencies ; that are not in the least discomposed 
 with the common accidents of life; but that stand 
 xmshaken amongst all vicissitudes, and can with mode- 
 ration support both good and adverse fortune; in 
 sum, who are fit for action, not discouraged, or medi- 
 tating retreats upon every cross adventure. To this 
 purpose the orator ; but neither would I by this he 
 
 thought 
 
f 
 
 thought to discountenance even this kind of erudition, 
 which more than any other is the effect of solitude, 
 and very great leisure, not to call it ])edantry ; much 
 less bookish and studious persons, who would prove 
 the most dear to princes and great men of all other 
 conversations, had they such generous encouragements, 
 as might sometimes invite them to leave their beloved 
 recesses, as did those great philosophers, whom wehave 
 brought on the stage. But we bestow more now a-days 
 in painting a scene, and the expcnce of a ridiculous 
 farce, than in rewarding of the poet, or a good his- 
 torian, whose laurels no longer thrive and are verdant 
 than they are irriguous and under showers of gold, 
 and the constellations of crowns, fur which ihey give 
 immortality even to crowns themselves. For what 
 would there remain of so many pyramids and obelisks 
 of marble, so many am[)hitheatres, circs, colosscs, and 
 enormouspomps, if books, and book-men aerc perenni- 
 ores, did not preserve them to posterity ! If under 
 heaven then there be any thing great, and that ap- 
 proaches eternity, it is from their hands, who have 
 managed the pen : 'tis from their labours, ye great 
 ones, that you seek to live, and are not forgotten as the 
 dust vou lie mingled with. Never had we heard of 
 Achilles but for j)()or Ilouicr; never of the exploits of 
 thousands more, but from the books and writings of 
 learned men, who have it in their power to give more 
 lustre to their heroes, than their crowns and purple ; 
 and can with one dash of their pen kill more dead 
 than a stab with a stiletto." 
 
 But perhaps I cannot do justice to Mr. Evelyn with- 
 out copying the greater part of his conclusion. 
 
 " Let us therefore," says he, '• rather celebrate 
 public employment, and an active life, which renders 
 us so nearly allied to virtue, deHncs and maintains 
 
 ji 4 our 
 
8 
 
 our being, supports societies, preserves kingdoms in 
 peace ; protects them in war; has discovered new worlds, 
 planted the gospel, encreases knowledge, cultivates arts, 
 relieves the afflicted ; and, in sum, without which the 
 whole universe itself had been still but a rude and indi- 
 gested chaos. Or, if you had rather see it represented in 
 picture, behold here a Sovereign sitting in his august 
 assembly of Parliament, enacting wholesome laws : 
 next him, my Lord Chancellor and the rest of the 
 reverend judges and magistrates dispensing them for 
 the good of the people. Figure to yourself a Secretary 
 of State, making his dispatches and receiving intelli- 
 gence ; a statesman countermining some pernicious 
 plot against the commonwealth : here a general 
 bravely embattling his forces and vanquishing his 
 enemy : there a colony planting an island, and a bar-* 
 barous and solitary nation reduced to civility; cities, 
 houses, forts, ships, building for society, shelter, de- 
 fence, and commerce. In another table the poor re- 
 lieved and set at work, the naked clad, the oppressed 
 delivered, the malefactor punished, the labourer busied, 
 and the whole world employed for the benefit of man- 
 kind : in a word, behold him in the nearest resem- 
 blance to his Almighty Maker, always in action and 
 always doing good. 
 
 '' On the reverse now, represent to yourself the 
 goodliest piece of Creation, sitting on a cushion picking 
 his teeth ; his country gentleman taking tobacco, and 
 sleeping after a gorgeous meal : there walks a con- 
 templator like a ghost in a church-yard, or sits poring 
 on a book while his family starves : here lies a gal- 
 lant at the foot of his pretty female, sighing and 
 looking babies in her eyes, whilst she is readmg the 
 last new romance and laughs at his folly: on yonder 
 
 rock 
 
9 
 
 rock an anchorite at his beads : there one picTcins: 
 daisies, another playing at push-pin ; and abroad the 
 young poacher with his dog and kite breaking his 
 neighbour's hedges, or trampHng over his corn for a 
 bird not worth sixpence : this sits lousing himself in 
 the sun; that quivering in the cold : here one drinks 
 poison, another hangs himself; for all these, and a 
 thousand more seem to prefer solitude and an inactive 
 life as the most happy and eligible state of it. And 
 thus have you landscape for vour landscape. 
 
 ^' The result of all is, solitude produces ignorance, 
 renders us barbarous, feeds revenge, disposes to envy, 
 creates witches, dispeoples the \\orld, renders it a 
 desert, and would soon dissolve it. And, if after all 
 this, yet he admit not an active life to be by infinite 
 degrees more noble ; let the gentleman, whose first 
 contemplative piece he produces to establish his dis- 
 course, confute him by his example ; since I am con- 
 fident there lives not a person in the world, whose 
 moments are more employed than Mr. Boyle's and 
 that more confirms his contemplations by his actions 
 and experience: and if it be objected that his employ- 
 ments are not public, I can assure him there is nothing 
 more public, than the good he is always doino-." 
 
 By this summary Mr. Evelyn has shewn the fallacy 
 of his own cause. He has represented all the best uses 
 of an active life, and opposed them to the abuses of 
 solitude. The praises of solitude, as he has already re- 
 marked, have been the theme of philosophers and 
 poets in all ages. On such a theme therefore it would 
 be impertinent and presumptuous for the present 
 writer to dilate: more especially as the Ennlish lan- 
 guage affords assays on the subject, which in point of 
 
 simple 
 
lO 
 
 simple elegance of rftylc^, of sinccnty of opinit'tn, 
 and force of sentijncnt and imagery iiave never yet 
 been equalled. It is needless perhaps to add that the 
 prose discourses of Gowley are alluded to. What a 
 compliment to the Muses, that the hest poets have 
 also been the best writers of prose ! Witness Cowley, 
 Dryden, Addison, and Cowper. This last poet has 
 also a beautiful poem on Retirement, which would 
 furnish a strong answer to Evelyn. And Zimmer- 
 man's Essay on Solitude, which has been so deservedly 
 popular in this kingdom for the last twelve or fourteen 
 years, though perhaps a little too tautologous, abounds 
 in every part with arguments and reflections in oppo- 
 sition to those of our Essayist, 
 
 Why should solitude be passed in torpor, or even in 
 triflinfr? Nothinsj can be more unfair than the com- 
 parison of a due and virtuous activity in public life 
 with a vicious or at least foolish occupation of the days 
 of redremcut ! If a public and private man should each 
 make an ill use of the opportunities of his station, I 
 cannot help thinking that the public man would be the 
 worst, because his mischief would be the most exten- 
 sive: on the contrary there are many "benefits which 
 the solitary man has an opportunity of conferring, of a 
 more permanent and wider nature, than the hiohest 
 public situation afibrds scope to perform. Perhaps I 
 cannot give a more apposite instance than Bacon. 
 What has rendered his name sacred to posterity? 
 What are the benefits which he bestowed on man- 
 kind ? Not the works of a politician and a chancellor; 
 but of a retired student! If it be objected that the 
 duties of the former he abused ; and executed those of 
 the latter with incomparable exertion of talents and 
 
 industry. 
 
tl 
 
 industry, I desire that these immortal fruiis may he 
 compared with the most honest and able professional 
 acts of any chancellor whom our history records. 
 
 The truth is, that the finest faculties are least 
 adapted to the bustle and activity of the world. The 
 kindness of Providence has ordained, that capacities of 
 a less rare and coarser texture should be sufficient to 
 carry on the ordinary business of society. A nice in- 
 spection of the characters of mankind will, I think, 
 incontestibly prove this. Men of the highest genius 
 have sometimes been forced into the vortex of public 
 employment, but it appears to me that their conduct 
 there, if nicely examined, will not disprove my asser- 
 tion. Their speeches, and certain brilliant ebullitions, 
 which alone survive the occasion, and which they 
 might have excelled in their closets, stand forth to mis- 
 lead us; but if we examine their cotemporaries, and 
 those whose nearness gives some authority to their 
 opinions, we shall hear them secretly confess, that, in 
 the daily routine of practice, many whom we very 
 justly esteem to have had very ordinary intellects, by 
 far excelled them. 
 
 " The path of pleasure" says Zimmerman, " leads 
 us to the world; the rude and rugged way is the road 
 to honour. The one conducts you through society to 
 places and employments either ii^ the city or at court ; 
 the other, sooner or later, will lead you into solitude. 
 Upon the one road you will perhaps become a villain; 
 a villain rendered dear and interesting by your vices 
 to society. Upon the other road, it is true, you may- 
 be hated and despised ; but you will become a man. 
 The rudiments of a great character must be formed in 
 solitude. It is there alone that the solidity of thought, 
 
 the 
 
I 2 
 
 the fouduess for actlvltv, the abhorrence of indo'once, 
 which constitute the hero and the sage, are first ac- 
 quired." 
 
 Cowper in his *•' Retirement," beautifully says; 
 
 " Thus conscience pleads her cause wiihin the breast. 
 Though long rebell'd against, not yet suppress'd, ' 
 And C/ills a creature formed fjr God aloae, 
 For heaven's high purposes, and not his own. 
 Calls him away trom selfish ends and aims, 
 Froni what debilitates and what inflames. 
 From cities humming wiih a restless crowd, 
 Sordid as active, ignorant as loud. 
 Whose highest praise is that they live in vain. 
 The dupes of pleasure, or the slaves of gain, 
 \Vbere works of man areclu?ter'd close around. 
 And works of God are bardlj' to be found. 
 To regions wiiere in spite of sin and woe. 
 Traces of Eden are still seen below ; 
 Where mountain, river, forest, field, and grove, 
 Bemind him of his Maker's power and love." 
 
 I -wilT once more quote Zimmerman — " Sohtude," 
 
 savs he, " is the school in which we must study the 
 moral nature of man : in retirement, the principle of 
 observation is awakened ; tlie objects to which the at- 
 tention will be most advantageously directed are 
 pointed out by mature reflection, and all our remarks 
 guided by reason to their proper ends 5 while, on the 
 contrary, courtiers, and men of the world, * take up 
 their sentiments frum the caprices of others, and give 
 
 * Perhaps the niost orij-nal tbinker, among the public men of the present 
 cay, is Mr. Wyndham ; this truth extorts, while I am fur from coinciding in 
 all his political opinioos. 
 
 their 
 
^3 
 
 their opinions without digesting the subject on which 
 they are formed." 
 
 But why, perhaps Mr. Evelyn would say. Is occa- 
 sional solitude inconsistent with the most active em- 
 ployments ? The statesman retires to his country- 
 seat, carrving with him the materials of a busy life to 
 brood over and digest — and the very contrast renders 
 the pleasures of the new scene doubly delightful. 
 
 Hear again a passage of Cowper, in answer to 
 this ! 
 
 " Yet how fallacious is all earthly bliss ; 
 
 What obvious truths the wisest heads may miss ! 
 
 Some pleasures live a month, and some a year.^ 
 
 But short the date of all \vc gather here. 
 
 Nor happiness is felt except the true, 
 
 That does not charm the more for being new. 
 
 Thia observation, as it chanced, not made. 
 
 Or if the thought occurr'd, not duly weigli'd. 
 
 He sighs — for after all by slow degrees, 
 
 The spot he lov'd has lost the power to please } 
 
 To cross his ambling poney day by day, 
 
 Seems at the best but dreaming life away. 
 
 The prospect, such as might enchant despair. 
 
 He views it not, or sees no beauty there, . 
 
 With aching heart and discontented looks. 
 
 Returns at noon, to billiards or to books. 
 
 But feels, while grasping at his faded joys, 
 
 A secret thirst of his renounc"d employs. 
 
 He chides the tardiness of every post. 
 
 Pants to be told of battles won or lost. 
 
 Blames his own indolence, obser\-es, though late, 
 
 'Tis criminal to leave a sinking state, 
 
 Flies to the levee, and receiv'd with grace, 
 
 KneeJS; kisses hands, and shines ngain iii place." 
 
 But 
 
But observe the description which Cowley gives of ^ 
 man, who dedicates his hfe to a proper retirement. 
 
 " The first work that a man must do to make 
 himself capable of the good of solitude, is the very- 
 eradicating of all lusts; for how is it possible for a 
 man to enjoy himself, while his affections are tied to 
 things without himself? In the second place, he must 
 learn the art and get the habit of thinking ; for this too, 
 no less than well-speaking, depends upon much prac- 
 tice ; and cogitation is the thing which distinguishes 
 the solitude of a god from a wild beast. Now because 
 the soiil of man is not by its own nature or observation 
 furnished with sufficient materials to work upon, it is 
 necessary for it to have continual recourse to learning 
 and books for fresh supplies, so that the solitary life 
 will grow indigent, and be ready to starve without 
 them ; but if once we be thoroughly engaged in the 
 love of letters, instead of being wearied with the length 
 of any day, we shall only complain of the shortness of 
 our w hole life. 
 
 " O vita, stulto longa, sapienti brevis * !" 
 O life, long to the fool, short to the wise ! 
 The first minister of state has not so much business 
 in public, as a wise man has in private : if the one have 
 little leisure to be alone, the other has less leisure to 
 be in company; the one has but part of the affairs of 
 one nation, the other all the works of God and nature 
 under his consideration. There is no saying shocks 
 me so much as that which I hear very often, *' That a 
 man does not know how to pass his time." It would 
 have been but ill-spoken by Methusalah in the nine 
 
 * *' O vit.t, misero lorga, felici bievij !" 
 
 hundredtli 
 
15 
 
 hundredth sixty-ninth year of his life ; so far it is from 
 us, who have not time enough to attain to the utmost 
 perfection of any part of any science, to have cause to 
 complain that we are forced to be idle for want of 
 work." 
 
 Amongst the various and chequered lots, indeed, of 
 human life, none can be imagined to approach so near 
 to happiness as that of him, who, possessing an easy 
 and independent fortune, can indulge an ardent thirst 
 for literature in the quiet of rural solitude. Instances 
 have occurred of men of great and cultivated talents, 
 wlio from some accidental habits in early life, or some 
 mental or bodily infirmity, appear to have contemplated 
 such a lot with less complacence. But those instances 
 are surely rare. It was the weakness of the mind of 
 Johnson, a weakness which we cannot recollect with- 
 out finding him in some degree depreciated in our 
 esteem. But it was tlie effect of a morbid melancholy, 
 which was the great disease of his life. 
 
 Whenever this powerful and eloquent moralist talked 
 of the country and of rural imagery, this lamentable 
 taint infected his taste and judgment. Hence arose 
 his disgraceful criticism on the Lycidas of Milton; 
 hence arose many of his cold and unjust opinions on 
 our modern poets. But such is the inconsistency of 
 the human intellect, that two papers of this authorV 
 Rambler, No. 37 and 38, furnish two of the best es- 
 says on the principles of pastoral poetry, any where to 
 be found. Perhaps it may not be deemed inconsistent 
 with the miscellaneous nature of this work, and thi« 
 article, in which it is intended to mix reviews and ex- 
 tracts of ancient works with modern disquisitions and 
 original effusions^ to insert in thi^ place some intro- 
 ductory 
 
i6 
 
 ductory lines to a set of pastorals proposed to be written 
 in the manner recommended by this great, but unequal, 
 critic. Pastoral, says he, being the representation of 
 an action or passion, by its effects upon a country life, 
 admits of all ranks of persons, because persons of all 
 ranks inhabit the country. It excludes not therefore, 
 on account of the characters necessary to be introduced, 
 any elevation or dignity of sentiment : those ideas only 
 are improper, which, not owing their original to rural 
 objects, are not pastoral. 
 
 These lines were written nearly two and twenty 
 years ago, by a very young man scarcely of age. 
 
 Introductory Address to the Muses. 
 
 (fKOM EDWIN" AND HENRY. A PASTORAL.) 
 
 Ye sacred Powers, who lift your lyres on high 
 To join the living chorus of the sky ! 
 Stoop from the clouds — (for oft by secret hill, 
 Or haunted stream, the poet's ear to fill 
 With lofty song, ye deign'd of old,) and raise 
 My lowly thoughts to blazon Nature's praise ! 
 You, holy Muses, you, from childhood's dawn. 
 With ceaseless love, on mountain, vale, or lawn, 
 Have I pursu'd, and oft at Cynthia's gleam, | 
 
 By sacred fount have watch'd to meet your beam, V 
 
 And from your hands to drink ih' inspiring stream. J 
 (For not alone from out the clouds you hold 
 With bard's high converse — but on earth unfold — ) 
 Then with your heavenly flame my breast inspire. 
 And ne'er, O ne'er may I degrade the fire ! 
 Teach me with Nature's scenes, by Nature's plan. 
 To soothe, exalt, or melt the heart of man [bega 
 And where she strikes, enforce, and lead where she 
 
 To 
 
 ihej 
 
to the fine eye, whom Nature's beauty warms, 
 
 Tho' faint in hcavenliest song appear her charms, 
 
 Yet Nature others view with dimmer sight j 
 
 Her richness seems to them confus'd dehght : 
 
 Faint, as the scenes intrude upon their eyes, 
 
 Unmark'd, the Passions in their bosom rise, 
 
 O teach me, Muses, to select, arrange. 
 
 Enforce, and fit them to each passion's change j 
 
 With chearful scenes to fill the joyless mind. 
 
 With tender images the pensive bind — 
 
 Again, when Wonder wakes at Fancy's nod, 
 
 Bolder to strike the strings and lead it on to God, 
 
 Ye sacred maids, begin ! tho' rural joys, 
 
 Tho' rural beauty all my songs employs. 
 
 Not lowly shepherds thoughts debase my strain 
 
 Can shepherds only haunt the rural plain ? 
 
 Theirs is the life to healthful labor bound, 
 
 The bracing air by day, at night the slumber sound 
 
 But not th' exalted mind — Let those, who will. 
 
 With thoughts so mean their humble verses fill. 
 
 Far, far below the lofty Muses' skill ! 
 
 Of every age the wisest and the best 
 
 For toils of state, or of the Muses, blest 
 
 'Mid woods and streams and quiet vales have sought 
 
 For peace of mind, and liberty of thought ! 
 
 And yonder sec my thoughful friend appears 
 
 Wan are his looks, tho' youthful are his years 5 
 
 Yet in these shades a dawn of comfort springs 
 
 And Peace hangs o'er him with her soothing wings. 
 
 Hail to my Henry j in those tearful eyes. 
 
 My hopes see gleams of pensive pleasure rise ! 
 
 Have not these glorious scenes, my Henry, power 
 
 To gild the clouds that in thy bosom lour?— 
 
 Ere yet the golden orb of day no more 
 
 His yellow lustre streams the meadows o'er ; 
 
 c While 
 
 } 
 
i8 
 
 While here we sit, the still and fragrant eVe 
 Shall soothe the sighs that in thy bosom heaved 
 The low by lits from 'mid the grazing herd. 
 The parting hymn of the melodious bird 3 
 The tinkling of the fold upon the hill 5 
 The dying murmurs of the sounds that fill 
 The neighbouring village, who, as labour's o'er. 
 Play on the green, or prattle round the door 
 These sounds, that are to pensive ears attun'd 
 My Henry's solemn grief can never wound !— 
 
 It is time that this article should draw to a close ; 
 perhaps my readers will say, it was already time, before 
 the introduction of a frac;ment, which so little belonn-s 
 to it. But that fragment is in praise of the solitude, 
 and the scenery, which the writer is anxious to defend 
 against the attacks of Evelyn ; attacks in which it is 
 scarcely possible to believe the amiable and accom- 
 plished author of the discourse on forest trees, (arxl s» 
 many other ingenious treatises, the result of his own 
 happy and well-occupied retirement,) sincere. Above 
 all, can we believe him to be sincere in these senti- 
 ments, to whom Cowley himself dedicated his exquisite 
 discourse entitled " the Garden," and to whom the 
 inimitable poet speaks in these words ? 
 
 Happy art thou, whom God does bless 
 With the full choice of thine own happiness ; 
 And happier yet, because thou'rt blest 
 With prudence how to choose the best: 
 In books and gardens thou hast plac'd aright 
 
 (Things which thou well dost understand; 
 And both dost make with thy laborious hand) 
 Thy noble, innocent delight : 
 
 And 
 
19 
 
 And in thy virtuous wife, where thou again dost meet 
 Both pleasures more refin'd and sweet j 
 
 The fairest garden in her looks, 
 
 And in her mind the wisest books. 
 Oh, who would cliange these soft, these solid joys. 
 
 For empty shows, and senseless noise j 
 
 And all which rank ambition breeds. 
 Which seem such beauteous flowers, and are such 
 poisonous weeds ! 
 
 Art. II. Memoirs of the ancient Earls of JVarren 
 and Surrey, and their descendants to the present 
 time. By the Rev. John Watson, M. A. F. A, 5. 
 Ijate Fellow of Brazen Nose College in Oxford, 
 and Rector of Stockport in Cheshire. 
 
 ■ Genus immortale manet, multosque per annos 
 
 i 
 
 Statfortuna domus, et avi numcranUir avorum. 
 
 Virg. Georg, Lib. W, 
 
 In Two Volumes, 4to. Warrington, Printed by 
 William Eyres, 1782. 
 
 Prefixed to this work is a portrait of the Compiler, 
 /Dr. Watson, engraved by Basire, 1780. This author 
 also wrote the History and Antiquities of HaUfax. 
 Gilbert Wakefield, who married his neice, says,* ''he 
 was a very lively, conversible, well-informed man ; 
 and one of the hardest students I ever knew. His 
 gteat excellence was a knowledge of antiquities, and 
 several papers on these subjects are preserved in the 
 Archseologia of the Antiquarian Society, of which he 
 was a member. He was by no means destitute of 
 poetical fancy; had written some good songs, and 
 
 • Memwri of hiiTne-l/, p. 153. 
 
 c z was 
 
50 
 was possessed of a most copious collection of bon- 
 mots, facetious stories, and humorous compositions of 
 every kind, both in verse and prose, written out with 
 imcommon accuracy and neatness." 
 
 The object of the present work was to prove the 
 late Sir George Warren, K. B. of Pointon, in Cheshire, 
 entitled to the ancient Earldom of Surry. 
 
 It is agreed on all sides that the Warrens of Poyn- 
 ton are in some way descended from-the ancient Earls 
 of that name J but genealogists have differed in the 
 mode. Dngdale, following Vincent, has asserted that 
 they are derived from a bastard of the last Earl, by 
 Maud de Ncrcford, his concubine. On the contrary^ 
 Flower and Glover in 1580, having industriously 
 examined the evidences of John Warren, then of 
 Pointon, Esq. have deduced them in the legitimate. 
 Tine from a more remote ancestor, Reginald, younger 
 brother of William third Earl of Warren and Surry. 
 A critical attention to all that Dr. Watson, with the 
 aid of these authorities, has heen able to urge in favour 
 of the latter mode, induces mc to confess that he leaves 
 the matter in very great doubt. 
 
 The writer of this article is willing to pay due re- 
 spect to the authority of Robert Glover but his ex:- 
 perlence has induced him never to rely on the un- 
 supported dicta even of this learned genealogist in 
 points ofdescent, removed so far from his own time. 
 He considers the signature of an eminent herald, in, 
 ihe exercise of his official capacity,, to be nlrong (not 
 conclusive) evidence of those parts of a pedigree, vvhicb 
 have occurred in his own time, and perhaps for two or 
 three generations above ; though many of the records 
 of the Heuldb' College compiled during the e?:lstence 
 
51 
 
 of Visitations, may be proved by abundant and Irre- 
 fragible evidence to be not only unaccountably omis- 
 sive, but not unfrequently positively erroneous. But 
 in the earlier parts of these pedigrees, they are often so 
 bare, so palpably false, and full of such ridiculous 
 blunders, as almost to exceed the belief of any man not 
 very conversant with them. Glover seems to have been 
 the first who set the example of examining the record 
 offices at the Tower, at Westminster, and the Rolls; 
 but all his MSS. prove that these researches were vet 
 in their infancy ; and that he was overwhelmed with 
 the multiplicity of materials that were thus opened to 
 his enquiries. He could not upon every occasion 
 abandon the use and the authority of those meagre pedi- 
 grees, by which his predecessors had been guided. 
 They, who are in the habit of bowing to a name, 
 without examining the basis on which it stands, will 
 stare at this assertion; but the writer has not made 
 it without repeated proofs of its truth. 
 
 To proceed then to the case before us. The charters 
 in the Register of Lewes Priory, demon^trate that the 
 3d Earl Warren had a brother Reginald, and that the 
 last had a son William de Warren ; and hence it 
 seems that for two generations we stand upon the 
 mere dicia of these heralds, which, as ihey profess to 
 have made out this genealogy upon public and privalc 
 evidences, yet cite neither records nor deeds, I con- 
 fider to be so slight, as to be nothing more than a 
 guess. The son of William de Warren is said here to 
 have been Sir John de Warren, Kt. who married 
 Alice, daughter of Roger de Townsend of Norfcjlk, (a 
 marriage not found in the Townsend pedigree) and to 
 have had John de Warren, u ho by Joan daughter of 
 
 c 3 Sir 
 
23 
 
 Sir Hugh de Port * of Etwall, Kt. had Sir Edward de 
 Warren, Kt. 
 
 This is the point at which the principal dispute 
 arises. Flower and Glover say that Sir Edward de 
 Warren, Knt. married " Matild. de Nerford, dnade 
 Skegton and Boton, 20 Ed. fl," daughter of Richard 
 de Skegton, and sister and coheir (with Alice Hauteyn) 
 of Sir Ralph de Skegton, Kt. Now here at least oc- 
 curs an unlucky confusion of names; for Dugdale 
 cites unquestionable records to prove that John the 
 last Earl of Warren was divorced from Joan his wife 
 upon pretence of a former contract made by him with 
 Maud de Nereford, a person of a great family in 
 Norfolk; and that he had two sons by the said Maud 
 de Nereford, John and Thomas, who were surnamed 
 Warren." This John, he adds, bore for his arms, 
 cheeky or, and azure, a canton gules with a lioii rampant 
 ermine thereon, the proper coat of Nereford; but it 
 must be recollected that this last merely stands on the 
 dictum of Vincent. 
 
 ''This tends to shew, says Dr. Watson, "that there 
 were two Maud de Nerefords," — and in truth, some of 
 the arguments, which he uses, go some way in esta- 
 blishing this opinion; for it is clear that the Earl of 
 Surry made an entail of Coningsburgh, Sandal, and 
 many large estates on the issue male of his sons by- 
 Maud de Nereford ; and if the fact be, as Dr. W. as- 
 serts, that those estates reverted to the Crown, on the 
 Earl's death, (which by the bye was only the next 
 year) then the inference can scarcely be disputed, that 
 these bastards must then have been dead without sons, 
 
 * Qu. whether the Ports were settled so early at Etwjll ? 
 
 and 
 
53 
 
 and therefore could not be ancestors of the Warren;^ 
 of Poynton. On the other hand, Dr. W. gives ex- 
 tracts from records to prove that the 2d Sir Edward 
 Warren held lands, 20 Edward III. (the very year 
 before Earl Warren died), in Skegton and Boion, 
 which were formerly the lands of John de Skegton ; 
 and moreover that he inherited these lands from his 
 father, which certainly seem strong evidence that 
 Maud de Nereford, who was heiress of Skegton, left 
 not only issue, but legitimate issue ; and the words 
 •* descendebat post mortem Domini Edwardi patris 
 nostri" might have arisen from the father's surviving 
 his wife, and having held the estates as life- tenant. 
 
 Vincent seems to place strong reliance on the dis- 
 tinction used in the arms of the Warrens of Poynton, 
 a canton, with the coat of Nereford. But £)r. W. yU./ 
 arcrues that it was not the coat of Nereford, but of / 
 Moubray, which differs from the former only in having 
 the lion silver, instead of ermine. 
 
 Sir Edward Warren the younger, of Boton in Nor- 
 folk aforesaid, married Cicely daughter and heiress 
 of Sir Nicholas de Eton, Kt. by Joan his wife the 
 heiress of the Barony of Stockport in Cheshire, to 
 which estate his son Sir John de Warren succeeded 
 44 Ed. III. and from him the descent of t! e late Sir 
 George Warren, who died possessed of that inherit- 
 ance, is beyond all question. 
 
 ]J^o he continued in ajwther Numhr.] 
 
 c 4 A RT^ 
 
24 
 
 Art. III. " Refolves Divine^ Morall, ^ Political, 
 in Two Centuries. London, i628, 4^0. 1631, &c» 
 By Owen Feltha^n." — Bodl. Catalogue. 
 
 OWEN FELTHAM. 
 
 <' Of this Feltham," says Oldys,* " there has 
 been little written. He was a poet of those times, but 
 more noted as a moralist for his book of Resolves, 
 upon which T. Randolph has written a good poem. His 
 father, Thomas Feltham, was a Suffolk man; he 
 died the nth of March 1631, aged sixty-two, and 
 was buried atBabram in Cambridgeshire; with a mo- 
 nument on which a Latin inscription was written, com- 
 posed by this Owen, one of his three children. Wil- 
 liam Loughton, the schoolmaster, in Kensington, is 
 the only person I have met with, who knows any thing 
 more of him. I think he told me once, near thirty 
 years since, that he, or some of his family, was related 
 to Owen Feltham, and that he lived in some noble 
 liouse in quality of Gent, of the Horse, or Secretary to 
 some nobleman, with several other particulars now for- 
 got. His book of Resolves was published in 4to. 1631, 
 1636, 1661, &c. having been looked upon by some 
 readers as a treatise full of good counsels and fine con- 
 ceits. But Mr. John Constable, in hisRefle£lions upon 
 accuracy of style, 8vo. 1734, has in many instances ex- 
 posed his pedantical, affefled, and unnatural phrase. 
 Yet have the said Resolves had a modern impression in 
 8vo. 1709. 
 
 *' In 1677 the said Resolves were published in folio, 
 
 * From his MS, n«tes to L^ngbaine. 
 
 to 
 
25 
 to which are joined some occasional pieces of poetry 
 by the same Author, entitled " Lusoria ;" but among 
 them I think there is not the Answer to Ben Jonson's 
 famous Ode, *'Come, leave the loathed Stage," which 
 is inserted in " Langbaine's Dramatic Poets." 
 
 ** If the Author was not dead before that edition, 
 one may presume he did not live long after. I think 
 there was an edition in folio 1696." 
 
 The following are the two last stanzas of Fcltham's 
 Ode, as inserted by Langbaine : 
 
 " Alcseus lute had none. 
 Nor loose Anacreon 
 Ere taught so bold assuming of the bays, 
 When they deserv'd no praise. 
 To rail men into approbation. 
 Is new to yours alone ; 
 And prospers not; for know 
 Fame is as coy, as you 
 Can be disdainful; and who dares to prove 
 A rape on her, shall gain her scorn, not love. 
 Leave then this humour vain. 
 And this more humorous strain 
 Where self-conceit and choler of the blood 
 
 Eclipse what else is good : 
 Then if you please those raptures high to touch 
 Whereof you boast so much ; 
 And but forbear your crown. 
 Till the world puts it on : 
 No doubt from all you may amazement draw. 
 Since braver theme no Phoebus ever saw." 
 
 This Answer is also printed in Abraham Wrijrht's 
 Parnassus Biceps, or University Poems, 8vo. 1656. 
 Thomas Randolph wrote a defence of Jonson, in an 
 
 Ode 
 
26" 
 
 Ode entitled ^^ An Answer to Mr. Ben Jonson's Ode 
 to persuade him to leave the stage," beginning 
 
 *' Ben, do not leave the stage 
 'Cause 'tis a loathsome age." 
 
 This Ode is printed in Randolph's poems, and also 
 by Langbaine. 
 
 Thomas Carew also has verses '' to Ben Jonson 
 upon occasion of his Ode of defiance annext to his play 
 of the New Inne," which are inserted at p. 108 of 
 the first edition of his Poems, 1640. 
 
 But Feltham was, notwithstanding this, a friend of 
 Randolph, who addressed a poem " to M. Feltham 
 on his Book of Resolves" in which are these lines: 
 
 " The book I read, and read it with delight. 
 Resolving so to live as thou dost write. 
 And yet I guess thy life thy book produces. 
 And but expresses thy peculiar uses." 
 
 and the following lines close it; 
 
 " Such is thy sentence, such thy stile, being read 
 Men see them both together happily wed. 
 And so resolve to keep them wed, as we 
 Kesolve to give them to posterity. 
 'Mongst thy Resolves put my Resolves in too ; 
 Resolve who's will, thus I resolve to doj 
 That should my errors choose another's line 
 "Whereby to write, I mean to live by thine." 
 
 Before Randolph's Poems, Feltham has verses '^ On 
 his beloved Friend the Author, and his ingenious 
 poems" subscribed " Owen Feltham, Gent.'* 
 
 Art, 
 
37 
 
 Art. TV. THOMAS RANDOLPH. 
 
 Thomas Randolph was born 1605, and died 1634. 
 His poems were first pubhshed with the following 
 title, " Poems, with the Muses' Looking Glass, and 
 Amyntas. By Thomas Randolph, M. A. and late 
 Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge. Oxford, 
 printed by L. Lichfield, Printer to the University, for 
 Fr. Bowman,* 1638," Quarto. The Fifth Edition, 
 Oxford, for Fr. Bowman, 1668. Duod. 
 
 Oldys has recorded the following curious anecdote 
 of him. 
 
 *' When Queen Henrietta-Maria was at Cambridge, 
 she upon some occasion pleasantly objected to Ran- 
 dolph, " Pauper ubique jacet," to which Randolph 
 wittily replied, 
 
 ** In thalamis, Regina, tuis hac nocte jacerem, 
 Si verum hocesset " Pauper ubique jcicet," 
 
 Sir Aston Cokayne, who knew Randolph, ascribes 
 these verses to him, and old Rodney Fane, who 
 never read Cokayne, also ascribed them to Randolph. 
 
 * So says T. Warton j but Oldys mentions an edition in qu;iito, 1624, 
 which, though he afterwards seems to doubt, yet he adds that " There 
 seems to be one earlier than 163S, by the date of Sir Henry Wotton's letter 
 to Milton the i 3th of A])ril that year, in which he says he had seen hiS 
 Masque of Comus bound up in the close of the late R's Poems, printed at 
 Oxford, some good ivhile hefo7-e. These are certainly meant for Randolph's 
 poems, and there follows a reflection upon them, which I believe Sir Henry 
 would not make. That Masque was acted on Michaelmas eve in 1634, and 
 one- edition was in quarto, 1637. Milton published that letter before the 
 8vo edition of the Masque, printed with his Poems, Svo. 1645, above five 
 years after Sir Henry's death." 
 
 Yet 
 
Yet I have heard these verses were spoken by some- 
 body, and that he was afterwards made a Bishop." 
 
 But a very karned critic remarks that " he much 
 doubts whether Queen Henrietta-Maria could speak 
 Latin i though Queen Elizabeth could." 
 
 Randolph translated his Ode in defence of Jonson 
 into Latin; and Oldys had it with William Strode's 
 translation of Jonson's Farewell, in MS. 
 
 Art. V, EmmcB Anglorum Regince, Richardi 
 J. Duels Normannorumjilia, Encomium. Inccrto 
 Auctore^ sed cocstaneo. Item Gcsta Guillelmi II, 
 Duels Norviannorum, Regis Anglorum I. A Gnil- 
 lelmoPietavensi, Lexovlorum Areh.idlaeo?io, contem- 
 paraneOf scrlpta. Ex Bihlloiheea 'nohlllsshni Viri 
 Rolertl Coitonl, Eejuitls Auratl et Baronettl, prl- 
 mum edltahuietlce Parlslorum, Anno Domini 1619, 
 a doctissimo viro Andrea Duchesne, Turonensi: nunc 
 denuo edlta Londlnl, Anno Domini 1783. To these 
 are added, Excerpta ex Orderlcl Vltalls, Utlcensls 
 Monachlf Ecclesiastics hlstorla Uhrls iertlo ^ 
 quarto : quorum ope supplerl qnodammodo posslnt 
 defectus in mnnuserlpto codice Cottonlano supra 
 memorato HhtorieeGuUelmlDuclsNormannorum et 
 Regis Anglorum , A GulllelmoPlclavensl, scrlpttp. — 
 Also, Annalis Hlstoria Brevis i?i Monasterlo Sancti 
 Stephanl Cadomensls conscrlptu. — And at the end 
 are — Excerpta cpiadam ex Appcndlce doctlsslmi vlri 
 AndrefcDu Chesne ad rerum ]S!ormannlcarum scrlp- 
 ioreSyvlz. i. Nomina Normannorum, quijioruerunt 
 iuAngUa ante Conquestum 2. Cognomina Nohlllum, 
 ' qui 
 
29 
 
 qui Guill. Norm. Ducem in AngUam seciiti sunt, 
 3. Cognomina eoriim qui cum Guilielmo Conqu&S' 
 tore Angliam ingressi sunt. 4. Magnates superstites 
 Anno XX. Regni IFillelmi Conquasloris ; & quibus 
 in comitaiibus terras tenuerunt. 5. Catahgus No- 
 Idium, qui immediate prcedia a Rege Conqucestore 
 tenuerunt. London, for B. IPliite, Fleet-street, 1783, 
 4/0. pp. 380. 
 
 This book was printed, I believe, for private dis- 
 tribution only, with that disinterested, love of literature, 
 which through a long life has adorned and dignified 
 the various and profound studies of Baron Maseres, 
 The text is selected from the numerous pages of Du- 
 chesne's Scriptores Normanni, and illustrated with 
 very ample and curious English notes, and marginal 
 abstracts of the contents, by the present Editor. 
 
 The principal article here selected is the History 
 of William the Conqueror by William of Poidiers, 
 Archdeacon of Lisicux in Normandy. This author, 
 who had been first a soldier himself, and afterwards 
 the Conqueror'^s chaplain, relates actions which he saw 
 with his own eyes, and in which he was himself en- 
 gaged J but he did not continue his history beyond the 
 year 1070, which was the fourth of that king's reign 
 in England ; and unluckily even of this the latter part 
 its lost, and what remains scarce extends beyond the 
 battle of Hastings. " Perhaps," says Air. Maseres, 
 *' the deficient part exists in some old manuscript, 
 that has not been attended to by the learned, in the 
 library of some old nronastery of France or Normandy. 
 And, if it does exist, it is a pity it should not be pro- 
 duced j as it is probable that it contains a more exact 
 
 account 
 
account of the events of the four first years of iht 
 Conqueror's reign than is elsewhere to be found/' 
 
 Mr. Maseres, having observed that Ordericus Vi- 
 talis, in his account of the first part of the Conque- 
 ror's reign, took most of his facts from William of 
 Poictiers, only relating them with more brevity, has 
 therefore added from Ordericus the history of that 
 period, of which the relation by Poictiers is lost. 
 
 " Thus much therefore of this fourth book of Or- 
 dericus Vitalis," says the learned Editor, *' is all that 
 is necessary to supply the loss of the latter part of the 
 manuscript of that curious history. But as the re- 
 maining part of this Fourth book of Ordericus's work 
 contains many important particulars concerning the 
 Conqueror's government of England after he had 
 completed the conquest of it, I shall here present the 
 reader with a new edition of it. The following books 
 of our author's history (the whole of which is divided 
 into thirteen books) are likewise full of interestino- 
 matter, and very fit to be republished with marginal ab- 
 stracts of the contents, and with explanatory notes, in 
 the same manner as this Fourth Book, in order to ren- 
 der them inviting; and atrreeable to the lovers of Eno-lish 
 history. But this would be an expensive and tedious 
 work, which it will not be convenient to me to under- 
 take. I hope, however, that some other gentlemen, 
 that are fond of these researches into our ancient his- 
 tory, may be hereby induced to complete this new 
 edition of our author, or at least to carry it on to the 
 end of the Seventh Book, or the death of William the 
 Conqueror. For I believe there is no other book 
 extant that gives so full and authentic an account of the 
 transaclions of that important reign. If one gentleman 
 
 would 
 
31 
 
 would republish In this manner the remaining part of 
 the reign of William the Conqueror^ and another would 
 give us the reign of William Rufus, and a third those 
 of Henry the First and King Stephen, to the year 1141, 
 (with which the History concludes), the labour and 
 expence, being thus divided, would not be very great, 
 and the work would, T presume, be thought a matter 
 of great accommodation and real benefit by all curious 
 enquirers into the ancient history of England." 
 
 Art. VI. Historic Normannorum Scripiores An- 
 tiqui, Res ah ill'is per Galliam, Jngliam, Apu- 
 liam, Capiice Princlpatum, Sk-iVmm, &f Orientem 
 gestas expUcantes, ah a?uio Christi dccc xxxviii 
 ud annum mccxx. Inserice sunt Mojiasteriorum 
 fundationes var'ue, series Episcoporum uc Ahhatum : 
 geneulog'ice Regum, Di/C7im, Comitnm, et Nohilium ; 
 Plur'ima denique alia vetera tarn adprofanamquam 
 ad sacram illorum leniporjim historiam pertinentia. 
 Ex MSS. codd. omjiia fere nunc primum edidlt 
 Andreas Du Chestie Turonensis. Lvtet'ice Parisiornm 
 MDCXix. Cum pr'wilegio Regis. 
 
 Andrew Du Chesne, a learned and voluminous col- 
 lectorandpublisherof theancicnthislorians, particularly 
 of France, was born in Touraine 1584, and crushed 
 to death by a cart as he was passing to Paris from his 
 country house in 1640. The titles of his other works 
 are, 
 
 Andre du Chesne Bibliotheque des Autheurs qui 
 ont ecrit I'Histoire et Topographic de la France, 8vo. 
 Paris, 1637. A rare book. 
 
 Les 
 
3^ 
 
 Les Antiquttez Sc Recherches dcs vllles Sc cliateaax 
 de France, in 8vo. Paris, 1624. Id. in i2mo. Paris, 
 1668, 2 vol. This ill-written piece has some curious 
 things in it. The edition in twelves is the best. 
 
 Historiae Francorum Scriptores Coaetanei ab ipsiuS 
 gentis origine ad Philippum Pulchrum, in fol. Paris 
 1636, 1641, and 1649, 5 vol. This is an excellent 
 and scarce collection. It is a misfortune that Mr. 
 Du Chesnedid not pursue his design, which would have 
 made at least twenty-four volumes of original authors 
 of the History of France. The fifth volume was pub- 
 lished by his son. 
 
 Les Antiquitez, Sc Recherches de la Grandeur 8c Ma- 
 jeste des Roys de France, in 8vo. Paris, 1609. This 
 is a curious and rare book. 
 
 Histoire des Rois, Dues, 8c Comtes de Bourgogne Sc 
 d'Arles in 4to. Paris, 1619 and 1628, 2 vol. or in the 
 collection of his works. 
 
 Histoire des Papes, in fol. Paris, 1658. This book, 
 of which this is the best edition, is not much esteemed. 
 
 Histoire d'Angletcrre, d'Ecosse, h d'Irlande, in foL 
 Paris, 1634. — In fol. Paris, 1666. 2 vol. 
 
 Histoire Genealogique des Rois, Dues, Comtes 
 de Bourgogne Sc d'Arles, extraites de diverses Chartes 
 & Chroniques anciennes, in 410. Paris, 16 19. 
 
 Histoire Genealogique des Dues de Bourgogne, de 
 la Malson de France, des Dauphins de Viennois, 8c 
 des Comtes de Valentinois, justiiiee par preuves auten- 
 tiques, 4to. Paris, 1628. These two volumes ot Mr. 
 Du Chesne arc rare and nuich sought for. 
 
 Histoire Genealogique de luMaison dc Dreux, infol. 
 
 Paris, 1632 — De Montmorenci &c de Laval, in foL 
 
 Paris, 1624— De Chastillon, in fol. 1621 — Dq Bc" 
 
 3 thune. 
 
53 
 
 thuhe, in fol. Paris, 1639. — Des Chasteigniers, in foL 
 Paris, 1634 — De Guines & Onles, in fol. Paris, 1631, 
 — Du Vergy, in fol. Paris, 1625. * 
 
 Du Fresno\' observes that " long fince it was said of 
 Andrew Duchesne, that lie succeeded well in particular 
 histories, but that he has ever halted, and even forced 
 his genius in the general histories he has printed. That 
 of England is worse than any of his others. It can- 
 not be termed a history, but facts loosely tacked to 
 each other. He writes in a languid stile, enters shal- 
 lowly into affairs, as if he was unacquainted with the art 
 of knowing men, and has nothing but a bare relation 
 of their actions, which, without doubt, proceeds from 
 the little pains he had taken to «tudy human passions. 
 He had applied himself to nothing but searching libra* 
 ries, or archives of princes, and churches, which af- 
 ford a light for particular history; and in this it must 
 be acknowledged he succeeded well."t 
 
 With regard to the " Scriptores Normannici," of 
 which the full title is given at the head of this article, 
 Dufresnoy observes that " he who would consider the 
 beginnings of that nation may see what Duchesne has 
 collected in that v/ork." 
 
 T have not here room or leisure to enter very par- 
 ticularly into the contents of this bulky volume, of 
 which the preface gives a minute account. The first 
 article, by an anonymous writer, comprehends a 
 space of tifty-nine years from the first irruption of the 
 Normans from the North in 837 to the settlement of 
 Rollo in Normandy in 896. 
 
 * All these titles are taken from Du Fresnoy's Method o." studying H.'s- 
 tory> by Rawlinson, in 2 vol. Svo. London, 1750. 
 
 f Ibid. I. 160, 
 
 D The 
 
34 
 
 The fifth article is a poem in hexameters in two 
 books on the siege of Paris by the Normans. It be- 
 gins at page 37, and ends at page 48. Then follows 
 DudoDean of St. Quintin's panegyric on the manners 
 and acts of the first Dukes of Normandy, which ends 
 at page 1 60. 
 
 The next article i? the " Emnice Encomium," re- 
 published as above mentioned, by Baron Maseres, and 
 this is succeeded by the work of William of PoictierSy 
 which extends to page 213, and forms th« principal 
 part of Maseres's new edition. 
 
 Next follow " VVillelnii Calculi GemmeticensiS' 
 Monachi, Historiae Normannorum Libri VIII. which 
 end at page 318, and which are also printed in Cam- 
 den's collection of ancient historians of England. * 
 
 At page 319 commences " Orderici Vitalis Angli- 
 genis, Coenobii Uticensis Monachi, Historlse Eccle- 
 siastics Libri XIII. in iii. partes divisi, quarum pos- 
 trem^e duas res per Normannos in Francia, Anglia, 
 Sicilia, Apulia, Calabria, Palastina, pie strenueque 
 gestas, ab advcntu Rollonis usque ad annum Christi 
 Mcxxiv complectuntur." This forms by far the 
 largest article in the work, and extends to page 925. 
 
 Ordericus Vitalis was born in England in 1075, the 
 son of Odelinus, chief counsellor of Roger de Mont- 
 gomery Earl of Shrewsbury. At five years old he was 
 sent to school at Shrewsbury, and at ten was sent 
 X)ver to Normandy to the monastery of St. Eurole's 
 (Utici), and in his eleventh year became a member of 
 the order of that society ; where he had already passed 
 
 * EiUitleJ, " Angllca, Normannica, Hibernlca, Cambric.i, a vcteribus 
 fcriptu." In fol. Franktbrt, 1603. 
 
 £fty- 
 
35 
 
 £fty-slx years, when he wrote this account of himself^ 
 complaining that he then was loaded with age and in- 
 firmities, and that it was time for him to lay down 
 his pen. In his thirty-third year he says he entered 
 into the priesthood. 
 
 Nicholson in his Historical Library seems too severe 
 upon this historian. " The most of his thirteen 
 books," says this writer, " are spent in the affairs of 
 the church within his own native* country: but 
 towards the latter end, he has intermixed a great many 
 passages that relate to us. There are in his writings 
 two faults, (and they are great ones) which Lucian of 
 old condemned in history : for, first, he is immode- 
 rate in the praise of his friends, and tfie dispraise of 
 his enemies; either all panegyric, or all satire. Now 
 such discourses are rightly observed to be strangely 
 monstrous and unnatural productions : they want 
 metre to become poems, and truth to make them 
 just histories; secondly, he is too large in the descrip- 
 tion of little petit matters; and on the contrary passes 
 too cursorily over some things of such weight as would 
 well endure reflection and a second thought." 
 
 We have already seen that Mr. Maseres estimates 
 this historian much more highly : and it may be re- 
 marked that he has preserved many curious and inte- 
 resting particulars of the birth and actions of our first 
 Norman nobility, of which Dugdale experienced the 
 advantage in the compilation of his Baronage. And 
 I concur hiost heartily with the late learned Editor in 
 wishing to see a new edition of the remaining books of 
 
 * This appears a mistake, if he means Normandy, for the historian's 
 twt'ivs country was England. 
 
 D 2 this 
 
36 
 
 this author, more especially if they can be ilkistrated 
 by such entertaining and useful notes as that indus- 
 trious and accomplished critic has subjoined to the 
 portion he has reprinted. * 
 
 Of the remaining contents of this volume of Du 
 Chesnc, which contains eleven hundred and four closely 
 printed page?, besides a full index, the principal are 
 reprinted in the book of Maseres ; but there is an 
 useful article of genealogical tables at the end, entitled 
 *' Familice Regum, Ducum, Comitum, et aliorum 
 Nobilivim. quae in hoc volumine dcducuntur."t 
 
 Art.vil valentine OLDYS. 
 
 ^'Ina book printed under thetitle of " Poems, divine, 
 moral, and satirical, by N. R. i2mo, 1632," probably 
 Nathaniel Richards, the dramatic writer, is an acros- 
 tic upon Valentine Oldis, the elder, celebrating his 
 great fortitude under some great calamities. 
 
 :*' The said Valentine Oldis was buried in Great St. 
 Helen's, by St. Mary Axe, in the middle isle, 1644. 
 He was the father of Dr. Valentine Oldis, Vv^ho was a 
 poet and a great encoiirager of poetry. He was edu- 
 cated at Cambridge, and created M.D. in 1670. He 
 published a poem to King Charles on his Restoration^ 
 in folio, i66o: to Alexander Brome, on his poems, 
 8vo. 1668: and before the poems of Henry Bold, of 
 New College, Oxford, 8vo. 16 ..4. John Phillips 
 
 * Sffe also Gibbon's Aildie s en the proposed re|)Uulication of our old his- 
 torians, ill his " Miscellaneous Work'," by Lord Sheffield, Vol. II. p. 707. 
 
 f In some future Number I propose to insert a disquisltian on the Roll 
 of B.U tie- Abbe)-, printed by Du Chcsne. 
 
 dedicates 
 
Z1 
 
 dedicates his " Maronides ; or, Virgil Travestie, Svo. 
 1673, to the said Dr. Val. Oldis. He died in 1685, 
 aged sixty-live years, and was buried near his father. 
 See the pedigree of the Oldis's."* 
 
 • ■ , ■ - • > 
 
 Art. VIII. THOMAS RAWLINS. 
 
 This person was engraver to the Mint, 1648. He 
 died in that employment in 1670. 
 
 He was author of a Tragedy, called -^ Rebellion," 
 1640, 4to. and again i'54, 4to. " 
 
 He also publishtd a book of i'oems, under the title 
 of '^ Calanthe," 8vo. !648} and likewise, if not the 
 same " Good Friday ; or, divine Meditations on the 
 Passion of Christ;" and with it some other small 
 pieces of poetry, 4to. 1 663. f 
 
 Art. IX. THOMAS JORDAN. 
 
 Jordan was first a player in the company at the Red 
 Bull. After the Restoration he was city poet, and de- 
 scribed several Lord Mayors' Shows. He was suc- 
 ceeded by Matthew Taubman, and he by Elkanah 
 Settle, who was the last. 
 
 There was a little collection of Jordan's verses, 
 
 * Fi^m Oldys's MS. notes to Langbaine. In the aitlcle Oldys, in the 
 General Biographical DIcrionary, Vol. XI. p. 315, are mentioned " Me- 
 moirs of the Oldys lamily" which in a note are said to be among the Birch 
 MSS. No. 4240, and to contain an account of the fam'.ly, drawn up by iV. 
 Oldys himself. Alexander Oldys called « The Little Poet," and some- 
 times " The English Scarron," appears by this MS. to have been a relation 
 of W. O. 
 
 \ Oldys's MS. ut supra. See also Walp Anecd. of Painting, ii. 256. 
 
 D 3 calledj 
 
38 . 
 
 called, " Wit in a Wilderness of Promise Poesie/' 
 
 in 8vo. a pamphlet without date, dedicated to Dr, 
 Thomas Turner, Dean of Canterbury, printed in 
 Oliver's time by the encomiums on red noses in it. 
 He has also some acrosiics, anagrams, and epigrams; 
 and in most of his other compositions^ instances of 
 low wit, and poor stile Yet his friend Henry Stone- 
 street has two copies in praise of him, and in praise of 
 his old acquaintance John Tatham. 
 
 Thomas Jordan also published '^ A royal arbour of 
 loyal poems, &c." 1663 ; also " Pictures of passions, 
 fancies, and affections, in variety of character-," 8vo. 
 no date : also " Piety and Poetry," Sec Svo. no d 'e ; 
 also ^' The Muses Melody, in a consort of Pc> .ry," 
 &c. by the same, 8vo. no date: also, " Jewels of in- 
 genuity set in a coronet of poetry," hvo no date: 
 also " A nursery of novelties for dtiightful censure, 
 8vo. no date : also " A Rosary of rarities in a garden 
 of poetry:" also " Music and poetry in raillery and 
 drollery :" also " Clarigil and Clarinda in a forest of 
 fancies," 8vo. no date. 
 
 In the *' Rosary of rarities in a garden of poetry,'* 
 8vo. no date, but printed about 1662, is a comical en- 
 tertainment made for Sir Thomas Allen, Lord Mayor, 
 and the Aldermen, in 1659. 
 
 He has besides ^' Jordan'sCabinet of Mirth," in two 
 parts, or vols. 8vo. 1674, consisting of jests, stories. 
 Sec. " Rules to know a Royal King from a disloyal 
 subject, &c." by T. Jordan, 4I0. 1647. 
 
 He died about the latter end of Charles II * 
 
 For his dramatic works, see the Biographia Dra- 
 matica. 
 
 • Oldys's MSS. ut supra. 
 
 Art. 
 
B9 
 
 Art. X. THOMx\S HEYWOOD. 
 
 This author, who was an actor, and lived 'n the 
 reigns of Queen Elizabeth, King James, and Kino- 
 Charles I. was the most voluminous dramatic writer, 
 that this nation or indeed any other ever produced, 
 except the celebrated Spanish playwright, Lopez de 
 Vega. 
 
 He wrote a poem, called " The Hierarchy of the 
 Blessed Angels, with notes," fol. Lond. 1635. " Jn 
 reading over this book," says Langbaine, " I find our 
 author informing the world that he intended to com- 
 mit to the public view the lives of the poets, foreiji-n 
 and modern, from the first before Homer to the no- 
 vissimi and last, of what nation or language soever, 
 so far as any history or chronology would give him 
 warrant." " But this work," coniinues Langbaine, 
 ** notwithstanding our author's intention, I presume, 
 was never completed, or at least published." 
 
 On this Oldys observes, *'it was too wide a plan : he 
 would have found enough to have made him weary in 
 giving an account of the poets of his own country, 
 which no man has yet done. The scheme of William 
 Brown, the pastoral poet, was more modest and prac- 
 ticable; of whom, Nat. Carpenter in his Geography, 
 lib. ii. p. 364, says " that as Brown had honoured his 
 country with elegant pastorals, so he further graced it 
 by drawing out the line of his poetical ancestors from 
 Josephus Iscanius down to himself; a noble design 
 had it been effected," * 
 
 * Ol'ys's MSS. lit su|;ra. 
 
 D 4 Art. 
 
40 
 
 Any. XI. The Muses Sacrifice', or, Divhe Medi- 
 tat'wns. London, Printed hy T. S. for George 
 Norton, and are to lie sold at his Shop, under tfi-e 
 Black Bell zvhhin Temple Bar, 1612. \2mo. 
 
 This was written by John Davies of Hereford, a§ 
 appears by his name subscribed to the dedication. 
 The author died about 1618, and an account of him 
 mavT^e found in Wood's Athens, I. 44.4. 
 
 These meditations are in verse, and dedicated *' To the 
 most noble and no less deservedly renowned Ladies, 
 as well darlings as patronesses of the Muses, Lucy 
 Countess of Bedford, ISlary Countess Dowager of 
 Pembroke, and Elizabeth, Lady Cary, wife of Sir 
 Henry Cary, glories of women," in a poetical epistle. 
 
 The first meditation is " A Confession of Sinnes, 
 with petition for grace," consisting of twelve four lined 
 stanzas of alternate rhyme, with a couplet at the close 
 of the poem. 1 his is followed by forty niore medi- 
 tations on similar subjects, which end at page too. 
 Then succeeds " The Doleful Dove ; or, David's Seven 
 Penitential Psalms, somewhere paraphrasticallv turned 
 into vei'se." 
 
 At page no commences " Rights of the living and 
 the dead : being a proper Appendix to the precedent 
 meditations." Of these the first article is '^ A Funeral 
 Elegie on the death of the most vertuous and no less 
 lovely Mrs. Elizabeth Dutton, eldest daughter of the 
 worthy and generally beloved Sir Thomas Egerlon, 
 Knight, eldest Sonne to the Right Honourable Thomas 
 Lord Elesmere, Lord Chancellor of England : which 
 Elizabeth was, at the age of eleven years, married to 
 John Dutton of the age of fifteen years, sonne and 
 
 l^eyre 
 
4^ 
 
 "heyre of Thomas Dutton, of Dutton in the Countie of 
 Chester, Esquier; which John deceased about the ao^e 
 of seaventeene yeeres, and left the said Ehzabeth a 
 virgin-widow: who so lived, till she died the first of 
 October, at the age of sixteene yeeres and a halfe, in 
 anno i6i ; ." This is followed bv '* An Epitaph on 
 the death of the right vertuous Lady Leigh, sole 
 daughter of the same Right Honourable Lord Eles- 
 mere. Lord Chancellor of England ; which Lady de- 
 ceased the third day of x\pr!!, A. D -61 :." 
 
 At page 15"^ are lines "' To the Lady Anne Glem- 
 mam, upon the death of her noble Father ;" and at 
 page 165, " To my most honored and approved best 
 friend and ally, Sir Franc Lovell, Knight." 
 
 The following short poem is at page 171. ''To my 
 most deare and no lesse worthily-beloved friend and 
 pupill Henry Mainwarring, Esquier, with the truely 
 noble and ventercus Knight, Sir Henry Thynne, ac- 
 companying into Persia the meritoriously-farre-re- 
 iiowned Knight, Sir Robert Sherlcy, En^/lishman; 
 vet Lord Ambassadour sent from the great Persian 
 Potentate to all Christian Princes, for the good of 
 Christendome." 
 
 Heroic Pupil, and most honour'd friend, 
 To thee, as to my moiety, I bequeath 
 
 Half th' other hnlfj beginiiing iit mine end. 
 To make, I hope, me triumph over death I 
 
 My s^on, sole son, and all I ever hnd. 
 Unto thy caie and service I commend ; 
 
 So make me sonless, till you make me glad 
 
 With your rtlurn from this world's farther end. 
 
 The absence of so dear a son as these, 
 
 Mvist needs affect thine honour'd sire with crv'ief ; 
 
 But 
 
42 
 
 But for thy good he doth his grief subdue: 
 
 So do I mine by his, sith his is chief! 
 Then, with ray son, take thou my henrt and these 
 Celestial charms in storms to calm the seas. 
 
 Art. XII. TkeShep Heard's Hunting: Being certain 
 Eclogues written during the liine of the author's 
 imprisonment in the Marshalsey. By George 
 IVyther, Gentleman. LoJidon, Printed hy JV. 
 White for George Norton, and are to he sold at the 
 signe of the Red Bull near Temple Bar, 1615. 
 
 George Wither was born in .'588, at Bentworth in 
 Hampshire, and died in 1667, aged seventy-nine. For 
 a full account of him see Wood's Athenae, 11. 391, and 
 some remarks on his poetry by Mr, Gilchrist, in Gent. 
 Mag. vol. Ixx p. 1149. 
 
 For his " Abuses strlpt and whipt: or, satyrical es- 
 says," in two booi<s, London, 1613, 1624, 1615, and 
 1623, in 8vo. he was imprisoned in the Marshalsea, 
 and wrote there the above poem. This publication. 
 Wood asserts, contains more of poetical fancy than 
 any other of his writings. 
 
 The fourth Eclogue is addressed to his truly beloved 
 loving friend, Mr. William Browne,* of the Inner 
 Temple. 
 
 He fi'ives the followinfr as the 
 
 ARGUMENT. 
 Roget here on Willy calls 
 To sin? out his Pastorals : 
 
 * The pastoral poet. 
 
 Warrants 
 
43 
 
 Warrants Fame shall grace his rhymes. 
 Spite of Envy and the Times ; 
 And shews how in care he uses 
 To take comfort from his Muses, 
 
 Of this Eclogue the following long extract is worthy 
 notice. * 
 
 Roget, 
 Chear thee, honest Willy, then. 
 And begin thy song again. 
 
 Willy. 
 Fain I would, but I do fear 
 When again my lines they hear. 
 If they yield they are my rhymes, 
 They will feign some other crimesj 
 And 'tis no safe venturing by, 
 Wher° we see Detraction lie. 
 For do what I can, I doubt 
 She will pick some quarrel out; 
 And I oft have heard defended, 
 " Little said, and soon amended." 
 
 Roget. 
 See'st thou not, in clearest days. 
 Oft thick fogs could Heavens raise ? 
 And the vapours that do breathe 
 From the Earth's gross womb beneath. 
 Seem they not with their black steams 
 To pollute the Sun's bright beams. 
 And yet vanish into air. 
 Leaving it (unblemish'd) fliir ? 
 So, my Will}', shall it be 
 With Detraction's breath and thee. 
 
 * After it had been transcribed for the press, the Editor discovered that 
 part of it had been already given by Mr. Gilchrist in the Gent. Mag. 
 
 It 
 
44 
 
 It shall never rise so high. 
 
 As to stain thy po?sy. 
 
 As that sun doth oft exhale 
 
 Vapours from each rotten vale ; 
 
 Poesy so sometimes drains 
 
 Gross conceits from muddy brains; 
 
 Mists of envy, fogs of spight, 
 
 'Twixt men's judgments and her light j 
 
 But so much her povi^er may do 
 
 That she can dissolve them too. 
 
 If thy verse do bravely tower. 
 
 As she makes wing, she gets power ! 
 
 Yet the higher she dofh soar, 
 
 She's affronted still the more : 
 
 Till she to the high'st hath past. 
 
 Then she rests with Fame at last. 
 
 Let nought therefore thee affright, 
 
 But make forward in thy flight : 
 
 For if I could match thy rhyme. 
 
 To the very stars I'd climb; 
 
 There begin again, and fly 
 
 Till I reach'd eternity. 
 
 But, alas, my Muse is slow ; 
 
 For thy pace she flags too low. 
 
 Yes, the morc's her hapless fate, 
 
 Her short v/ings were clipp'd of late; 
 
 And poor I, her fortune ruing, 
 
 Am myself put up a muing. 
 
 But if I my cage can rid, 
 
 I'll fly, w^here I never did. 
 
 And though for her sake I'm crost. 
 
 Though my best hopes I have lost. 
 
 And knew she would make my trouble 
 
 Ten times more than ten times double ; 
 
 I would love and keep her too. 
 
 Spite of all the world could do. 
 
 For 
 
45 
 
 For though banisb/d from my flocks. 
 
 And confin"d within these rocksj 
 
 Here I v»^aste away the light. 
 
 And consume the sullen night ; 
 
 She doth for my comfort stay, 
 
 And keeps many cares away. 
 
 Though I miss the flowery fields. 
 
 With those sweets the spring tide yields j 
 
 Though I may not see those groves. 
 
 Where the shepherds chaunt their loves. 
 
 And the lasses more excel 
 
 Than the swcet-voic'd Philomel ; 
 
 Though of all those pleasures past. 
 
 Nothing now remains at last, 
 
 Eut Remembrance, poor relief, 
 
 That more makes than mends my grief: 
 
 She's my mind's companion still, 
 
 Maugre Envy's evil will : 
 
 Whence she should be driven to, 
 
 Wer't in mortals power to do. 
 
 She doth tell me where to borrow 
 
 Comfort in the midst of sorrow j 
 
 Makes the desolatest place 
 
 To her presence be a grace, 
 
 And the blackest discontents 
 
 Be her fairest ornaments. 
 
 In my former days of bliss. 
 
 His divine skill taught me this. 
 
 That from every thing 1 saw, 
 
 I could some invention drawj 
 
 And raise pleasure to her height 
 
 Through the meanest objecf s sight : 
 
 By the murmur ©f a spring. 
 
 Or the least bough's rusteling 
 
 By 
 
46 
 
 By a daisy, whose leaves spre^^j, 
 
 Shut when Titan goes to bedj 
 
 Or a shady bush or tree. 
 
 She could more infuse in me, 
 
 Than all Nature's beauties cart, 
 
 In some other wiser man. 
 
 By her help I also now 
 
 Make this churlish place allow 
 
 Some things that may sweeten gladness 
 
 In the very gall of sadness : 
 
 The dull loaniiess, the black shade 
 
 That these hanging vaults have made, 
 
 The strange music of the waves. 
 
 Beating on these hollow caves. 
 
 This black den, which rocks emboss. 
 
 Overgrown with eldest moss ; 
 The rude portals, that give light 
 
 More to terror than delight. 
 
 This my chamber of neglect, 
 Wall'd about with disrespect. 
 From all these, and this dull aif, 
 A fit object for despair. 
 She hath taught me by her might 
 
 To draw comfort and delight. 
 
 Therefore then best earthly bliss, 
 I will cherish thee for this ! 
 Poesy, thou sweet'st content 
 That ere Heav'n to mortals lent 5 
 Though they as a trifle leave thee, 
 "Whose dull thoughts cannot conceive thee. 
 Though thou be to them a scorn. 
 That to nought but earth are born } 
 Let my life no longer be, 
 Than I am in love v/ith thee! 
 
 Though 
 
47 
 
 Though our wise ones cnll it madness. 
 Let me never taste of gladness 
 If I love not thy mad'st fits 
 Above all their greatest wits! 
 And though some, too seeming holy. 
 Do account thy raptures folly, 
 Thou dost teach me to contemn. 
 What makes knaves and fools of them! 
 
 TO HIS FATHER. 
 Epigr. 12. * 
 
 Others may glory that their fathers' hands 
 Have scrap'd together mighty sums of gold. 
 Boast in the circuit of new purchas'd lands. 
 Or herds of cattle more than can be told : 
 God give them joy j their wealth I'll ne'er envy. 
 For you have gotten me a greater store. 
 And tho' I have not their prosperity. 
 In my conceit I am not half so poor. 
 You learnt me with a little to content me. 
 Shewed how to bridle passion in some measure 3 
 And thro' your means I have a talent lent me. 
 Which I more value than all Indies' treasure. 
 For when the almost boundless patrimonies 
 Are wasted, those by which our great ones trust 
 To be eterniz'd : when their ceremonies 
 Shall be forgotten, and their tombs be dustj 
 Then to the glory of your future line. 
 Your own and' my friend's sacred memory. 
 This little poor despised wealth of mine. 
 Shall raise a trophy of eternity : 
 Which fretting Envy, nor consuming Time, 
 Shall ere abolish, or one whit offend : 
 
 * At the end of" his Satires, p. n^^. 
 
 A topless 
 
48 
 
 A topless statue, that to stars shall climb, 
 Far greater than your art shall comprehend : 
 But I must needs cofifesSj 'tis true, I yet 
 Keap little profit in the eyes of men, 
 My talent yields small outward benefit. 
 Yet I'll not leave it for the world again. 
 Tho' it bring no gain (hat you, by artful sleight^ 
 Can measure out the earth in part or whole; 
 Sound out the center's depth j and take the height 
 Either of th' Arctic, or Antartic Polej 
 Yet 'tis your pleasure, it contentment brings: 
 And so my Muse is my content and joy ; 
 I would not miss her to be rank'd with kings, 
 However some account it as a toy : 
 But having then, and by your means obtain'd 
 So rich a patrimony for ray share, 
 For which with links of love I'm ever chain'd> 
 What duties fitting for such bounties are ? 
 Moreover Nature brouglit me in your debt. 
 And still I owe you for your cares and fears : 
 Your pains and charges I do not forget 
 Besides the interest of many years: 
 What way is there to make requital for it ? 
 Much I shall leave unpaid do what I can : 
 Should I then be unthankful? I abhor it : 
 The will may serve, when power wants in man. 
 This book I give you then; here you shall find 
 Somewhat to countervail your former cost : 
 It is a little index of my mind; 
 Time spent in rending it will not be lost: 
 Accept it, and when 1 have to my might 
 Paid all I can to you ; if powers divine 
 Shall so much in my happiness delight 
 To make you grandsire to a son of mine ; 
 
 3 Look- 
 
49 
 
 Look what remains, and may by right be due, 
 J'll pay it him as 'twas receiv'd from you. 
 Your loving Son, 
 
 Gkokge Wither. 
 
 SONNET FROM THE FIRST ECLOGUE OF THE 
 shepherd's HUNTING. 
 
 Roget. 
 Now that my body dead-alive, 
 Bereav'd of comfort lies in thrall. 
 Do thou, my soul, begin to thrive j 
 And unto honey, turn this gall : 
 So shall we both through outward woe 
 The way to inward comfort know. 
 
 For as that food my flesh I give, 
 JDoth keep in me this mortal breath j 
 So souls on meditations live. 
 And shun thereby immortal death : 
 Nor art thou ever nearer rest. 
 Than when thou find'st me most opprest. 
 
 First think, my soul, if I have foes 
 Take a pleasure in my cares. 
 And to procure these outward woes. 
 Have thus enlrapp'd me unawares : 
 Thou shouldst by much more careful be. 
 Since greater foes lie wait for thee. 
 
 Then when mew'd up in grates of steel. 
 Minding those joys mine eyes do miss. 
 Thou find'st no torment thou dost feel, 
 So grievous as privation is ; 
 Muse how the damn'd in flames that glow. 
 Pine in the loss of bliss they know. 
 
 Thou see'st there's given so great might 
 • To some that are but clay as I, 
 Their very anger can affright, 
 
 E Which 
 
50 
 
 Which if in any thou efpy. 
 
 Thus think, if mortal's frowns strike fear. 
 
 How dreadful will God's wrath appear ? 
 
 By my late hopes that now are crost, 
 Consider those that firmer be. 
 And make the freedom I have lost, 
 A means that may remember thee : 
 Had Christ not thy Redeemer been. 
 What horrid thrall thou hadst been in. 
 
 These iron chains, the bolts of steel. 
 Which other poor offenders grind. 
 The wants and cares which tliey do feel, 
 May bring some greater thing to mind : 
 For by their grief thou shalt do well 
 To think upon the pains of hell. 
 
 Or when thro' me thou see'st a man 
 Condemn'dunto a mortal death, 
 How sad he looks, how pale, how wan, 
 Drawing with fear his panting breath : 
 Think if in that such pain you see. 
 How sad will " Go, ye cursed," be ! 
 
 Again, when he that feard to die, 
 (Past hope) doth see his pardon brought. 
 Read but the joy that's in his eye. 
 And then convey it to thy thought : 
 There tliink betwixt my heart and thee, 
 How sweet will " Come, ye blessed," be, 
 
 Thus if thou do, tho' closed here. 
 My bondage I shall deem the less j 
 I neither shall have cause to fear, 
 Nor yet bewail my sad distress : 
 For whetiier live, or pine, pr die. 
 We shall have bliss eternally. 
 
 Art. 
 
51 
 
 Art. XIIT. BlBLIOTHECvE. 
 
 In entering upon the subject of scarce and curious 
 books in English Uterature, I feel considerable diffi- 
 dence. Neither my inclinations nor my opportuni- 
 ties have enabled me to pay that attention to it, which 
 has rendered so very perfect the skill of men, whose 
 industry has embraced the means afforded by a long 
 residence in the metropolis, or near public libraries. 
 But almost from my childhood my mind has been 
 awake to a moderate and regulated research in this 
 field of enquiry : it is true that I could neither forsake 
 for it the regions of fancy, nor much restrain my in- 
 satiable thirst for the more elegant, if not more solid, 
 entertainments of modern literature. The black-letter 
 mania never took exclusive possession of my head ; 
 and therefore I have often felt myself a mere novice in 
 these acquirements among many, whose extensive 
 knowledge of title-pages, editions, and dates, excited 
 not only my wonder, but, may I add, my disgust ! 
 Of such I not only despair of increasing the knowledge, 
 but even of avoiding the contempt. There are others, 
 not infected with this excess of antiquarian curiosity, 
 who may be gratified with less recondite information 
 regarding the literature of our ancestors ; who may be 
 o^lad to know what has been already written on subjects, 
 on which every day is producing new publications, 
 and find it a pleasing and useful employment to com- 
 pare the past with the present^ and to learn to what 
 authors they can effectually apply for such future en- 
 quiries as may occur to them. The mere black-letter 
 collector, who seldom looks at any but the first and 
 last pages of his book, and cares nothing for the in- 
 E 2 trinsi 
 
5^ 
 
 trinsic merits of its contents j but would value the 
 most despicable nonsense above the noblest effort of 
 genius, in proportion as it vi^as rare or unique, is a 
 being, to whose skill I would not, if I could, con- 
 tribute; ai>d whose praises I have no desire to 
 obtain. 
 
 1 trust T shall not be accused of wanting a due share 
 of veneration for what is ancient ; something perhaps 
 even beyond its real worth I am sufficiently inclined to 
 discover in that which bears the imposing stamp of 
 time : but it is impossible to surrender all taste and 
 feeling and discrimination to the ridiculous judgments 
 and conceited arrogance of trifling and selfish collectors. 
 If therefore the old books I may endeavour to bring back 
 into notice, shall seem to them unworthy of attention, 
 because copies of those books may not be difficult to be 
 obtained, I warn them again that such a test of value 
 I utterly disclaim. I wish to aid the researches, and 
 mingle in the discussions of more rational enquirers; I 
 would tear back the veil of oblivion from unjustly 
 neglected authors, and restore and revive the faded 
 laurel to the brows of unfortunate and forgotten poets! 
 
 The late ingenious Dr. Farmer, and still more in- 
 genious George Stcevens, though both were, I think, 
 infected with this mania a little beyond what a severe 
 judgment and exact taste can approve, yet both made 
 good use of the copious libraries they formed, as is 
 evinced by the sagacious Essay on the Learning of 
 Shakspeare, and the acute illustrations of that in- 
 comparable dramatist. The mere sale catalogues of 
 their books furnish much valuable information. To 
 extend therefore the recollection of these catalogues, I 
 shall insert their titles here, accompanied by some re- 
 marks. 
 
 Bibliotheca 
 
S3 
 
 Bihliotheca Farmeriana. A Catalogue of the curious, 
 valuable, and extensive Library, in print and 
 manuscript, oj" the late Rev. Richard Farmer, D.D, 
 Canon Residentiary of St. Paul's, Master of Ema- 
 nuel College, and Fellow of the Royal and Anti- 
 quary Societies, deceased: comprehending many 
 rare editions of the Greek and Roman Classics, 
 and of the most eminent philologers ; a fine Col- 
 lection of English History, Antiquities, and To- 
 pography, including all the old Chronicles-, the 
 most rare mid copious assemblage of old English 
 poetry, that, perhaps, was ever exhibited at 
 one view; together with a great variety of old 
 plays, and early printed books, English and 
 Foreig7i, in the Black Letter, many ofiuhich are 
 extremely scarce. '^ ^c. tsfc. 
 The sale to commence Monday, May 7, 1798, and 
 continue 35 days. 
 
 This catalogue extends to 379 pages, and the articles 
 of books amount to 8155. It seems that Dr. Farmer 
 once proposed himself to have had a catalogue taken 
 of his library, to which he intended to have prefixed 
 the following Advertisement. 
 
 '* This collection of books is by no means to be con- 
 sidered as an essay towards a perfect library 5 the cir- 
 cumstances and the situation of the collector made 
 such an attempt both unnecessary and impracticable. 
 Here are few publications of great price, which were 
 already to be found in the excellent library of Emanuel 
 College : but it is believed, that not many private col- 
 lections contain a greater number of really curious and 
 scarce books; and perhaps no one is so rich in the 
 ancient philological English literature. R. Farmer." 
 E 3 The 
 
54 
 
 The other Catalogue is entitled, 
 Bihliotheca Steevensiana. A catalogue of the curious 
 and valuable Library of George Sfeei'e?is, Esq. 
 Felloiv of the Royal ayid Antiquary Societies, lately 
 deceased: comprehending an extraordinary fine col- 
 lection of books, iit classical, philological, histori- 
 cal, old English, and getieral literature ; many of 
 which are extremely rare, ^c. i^c. 
 The sale to commence Ttiesday, May 13, 1 2>oo, and 
 continue 10 days. 
 
 The articles of books in this catalogue, which con- 
 sists of 125 pages, only amount to 19 .0. 
 
 In both these libraries, I believe, the rarest articles 
 were those of ol I English poetry ; the former possessed 
 the greatest number ; but in the latter there were some 
 books of uncommon curiosity. It seems a little sin- 
 gular that on this subject both the Bodleian Library, 
 and that of the British Museum, are very deficient. To 
 the late Mr. Herbert, therefore, in his new edition of 
 Ames's useful publication of Typographical Antiqui- 
 ties, these private collections were eminently ser- 
 viceable. And Mr. Joseph Rifson, unilluminated by 
 a particle of taste or fancy, and remarkable only for the 
 unceasing drudgery with which he dedicated his life 
 to one of the humblest departments of literary antiqui- 
 ties, and for the bitter insolence and foul abuse with 
 which he communicated his dull acquisitions to the 
 public, was equally indebted to the same sources, par- 
 ticularly in his " Bibliographia Poetica," 1802. Who- 
 ever is acquainted with that strange, but not totally 
 useless, book, will wonder how it was possible for a 
 man, with such a fund of materials before him, to 
 compile a work so utterly lifeless and stupid, so un- 
 eheared by one single ray of light, or one solitary flower 
 
 admitted 
 
35 
 
 admitted even by chance from the numerous and varied 
 gardens of poetry, over which he had been travelHng ! 
 But, poor unhappy spirit, thou art gone ! Perhaps thy 
 restless temper was disease : and mayst thou find peace 
 in the grave ! * 
 
 Above all men the lateLaureat, whom this pitiable 
 critic has loaded with the coarsest epithets, has 
 taught us what use to make of dark and forgotten ma- 
 terials. And, among many other instances of the 
 living, Mr. George Ellis, in his " Specimens of our 
 early poetry" and Mr. Walter Scott in his interesting 
 *' Minstrelsy of the Scottish borders" have exhibited 
 the happy result of the most minute and patient inves- 
 tigations of this kind with the most splendid talents. 
 Nor ought I to omit (if delicacy did not make me hesi- 
 tate) my friend Mr. Park, who, with a very accurate 
 and extensive skill in black-letter literature, combines 
 a most elegant taste and rich and cultivated imagi- 
 nation. 
 
 Art. XIV. DR BEATTIE. 
 
 The following just character of this amiable and ex- 
 quisite poet appeared in the Sun Newspaper of Sept. 
 3i 1803. 
 
 '* Dr. Beattie, who died a few days ago at Aber- 
 deen, was one of the few poets of the present time, 
 whose works will descend to posterity. His chief 
 work, the Minstrel, has received high eulogiums from 
 the best cotemporary critics and poets. It is indeed a 
 beautiful work. The character of a poetical Enthusiast, 
 
 * He died in August or September iSo^ See a veiy affecting account 
 •f his death in the British Critic at that period. 
 
 E 4 from 
 
56 
 
 from the first dawn of sentiment through all the pro- 
 gressive feelings arising from a more enlarged knowledge 
 of Nature, is delineated with truth, delicacy, tender- 
 ness, and expression. The varied emotions of the heart, 
 and the expansive powers of the mind, as well as the 
 richness and sublimity of Nature, are painted in this 
 work with all the splendour of poetry. But a moral 
 charm predominates over the whole of this interesting 
 and animated work, which no man could read withaut 
 a refinement of his affections. But Dr. Beattie was 
 not merely a poet or moralist ; he was also a powerful 
 veasoner; and though he might not be able to triumph 
 over the profound and subtle philosophy of Hume, he 
 succeeded in placing it in an unfavourable light in the 
 opinion of the world in general, and induced all the 
 readers of his work, against the acute sceptic, to say in 
 his (Dr. Beattie's) own words : 
 
 " Perish the lore, that deadens young desire." 
 
 ** His Essays on literary, philosophical, and moral 
 subjects, display sound taste, and an amiable mind ; 
 and altogether the Historic Muse of the British Empire 
 will record with pride and pleasure the name of 
 Beattie. 
 
 *' The death of his son, who very early in life mani- 
 fested strong proofs of extraordinary genius, was a 
 shock to his feelings, from which he was not able to 
 recover ; and he has left an elegant and affecting me- 
 morial of parental admiration and regret." 
 
 The meagre and imperfect life, lately published, of 
 this enchanting writer, in which little is said illustrative 
 of his character, and scarce any thing of his poetry, in- 
 duces me to transcribe for the sake of juxta-position, 
 what is sufficiently known. "Gray" (says Johnson) 
 
 *^ having 
 
B7 
 
 -'■ having undertaken a journey into Scotland, 1765, 
 naturally contracted a friendship with Dr, Beattie, 
 whom he found a poet, a philosopher, and a good 
 man." 
 
 Gray in a letter to Beattie, dated 2d July 1770, 
 writes ; 
 
 *' I rejoice to hear that you are restored to a better 
 state of health, to your books, and to your Muse once 
 again. That forced dissipation and exercise we are 
 obliged to fly to as a remedy, when this frail machine 
 goes wrong, is often almost as bad as the distemper 
 we would cure ; vet I too have been constrained of 
 late to pursue a like regimen, on account of certain 
 pains in the head (a sensation unknown to me before) 
 and of great dejection of spirits. This, Sir, is the 
 only excuse I have to make you for my long silence, 
 and not (as perhaps you may have figured to yourself), 
 any secret reluctance I had to tell you niv mind con- 
 cerning the specimen you so kindly sent me of your 
 new Poem (the Minstrel). On the contrary, if I 
 had seen any thing of importance to disapprove, I 
 should have hastened to have informed you, and never 
 doubted of being forgiven. The truth is, I greatly like 
 all I have seen, and wish to see more. The design is 
 sirnple, and pregnant with poetical ideas of various 
 kinds, yet seems somehow imperfect at the end. Why 
 may not young Edwin, when necessity has driven him 
 to take up the harp, and assume the profession of a 
 minstrel, do some great and singular service to his 
 country? What service, I must leave to your invention: 
 sijch as no general, no statesman, no moralist could do 
 without the aid of music, inspiration, and poetry. 
 This will not appear an improbability in those early 
 
 times. 
 
58 
 
 times, and in a character then held sacred, and rcr 
 ipected by all nations. Besides, it v\ill be a full answer 
 to all the hermit has said, when he dissuaded him 
 from cultivating these pleasing arts ; it will shew their 
 use, and make the he^t p.Tnegyric of our favourite and 
 celestial science. And lastly, what weighs most with 
 me, it will throw more of action, pathos, and interest, 
 into your design, which already abounds in reflection 
 and sentiment. As to description, I have always 
 thought that it made the most graceful ornament of 
 poetry, but never ought to make the subject. Your 
 ideas are new, and borrowed from a mountainous 
 country, the only one that can furnish truly picturesque 
 acenery." 
 
 Mr. Gray in the remainder of the letter commends 
 the ^' Essay on Truth ;" of which he says on another 
 occasion, ** I am happy to hear of your success in 
 another way, because I think you are serving the cause 
 of human nature, and the true interests of mankind." 
 
 There is another poem of Beattie, spoken of in a 
 letter of Gray, J 767, which has not yet seen the light, 
 but to which Mr. Bower does not make the slightest 
 allusion. It contained, says Mason, many touching 
 reflections on morality, " The specimen," says Gray, 
 " I think excellent ; the sentiments are such, as a 
 melancholy imagination naturally suggests in solitude 
 and silence, and that (though light and business may 
 suspend or banish them at times) return but with so 
 much the greater force upon a feeling heart: the 
 diction is elegant and unconstrained ; not loaded with 
 epithets and figures, nor flagging into prose : the ver- 
 sification is easy and harmonious." 
 
 It seems a subject of deep regret, that Beattie neg- 
 lected the exercise of that genius, with which Nature 
 
 had 
 
59 
 
 had so richly endowed him, for philosophical enquiries 
 to which his powers were less adapted. Yet it adds to 
 the gloiy of the Muses, that the most subtle and 
 dangerous of modern philosophers should have been 
 completely vanquished on his own ground by a poet ! 
 The Essay on Truth however raised a host of enemies 
 against the bard; for he struck at the root of that 
 species of literary merit, to which a large portion of 
 his own countrymen had been lately addicted. Dull, 
 and useless, if not dangerous, metaphysics, and a silly 
 spirit oi philosophizing on every occasion, had nearly 
 infected the whole nation ; and instead of the effusions 
 of genius, and those moral discussions, which '•' come 
 home to men's business and bosoms," had turned the 
 general attention to abstruse and deceitful theories, 
 which ended in scepticism, depressed the vigorous pro- 
 ductions of natural talent, and fostered the offensive 
 and overbearing conceit of heavy, plodding, and half- 
 witted coxcombs. Yet let me not be understood to 
 mean any reflection on the genius of Scotland, which, 
 in the rarest department of intellectual excellence, 
 produced in the same centur)', Thomson, and Beattie, 
 and BuFiTs ! 
 
 Art. XV. Political Arithmetic : containing a 
 catalogue of writers on the subject, from Petty to 
 Thornton, iviih remarks. 
 
 SIR WILLIAM PETTY. 
 Several Essays on Political Arithmetic. By Sir 
 William Petty, Knt. F.R.S. The fourth edition 
 corrected. London, 1755, 8vo. 
 
 These 
 
6o 
 
 These Essays consist of 
 
 I. An Essay concerning the muliipHcation of man- 
 kind : together with another Essay in pohtical arith- 
 metic, concerning the growth of the city of London, 
 with the measures, periods, causes, and consequences 
 thereof, 1682. 
 
 II. Observations upon the Dublin bills of mor- 
 tality, 168 1, and the state of that city : and further ob- 
 servations on the same, 1682. 
 
 III. Two Essays concerning the people, houses, 
 hospitals, &c. of London and Paris, 1685, 
 
 IV. Observations on the cities of London and 
 Rome, 1685. 
 
 V. Five Essays in political arithmetic, 1687 ; viz. 
 1. Objections from the city of Rey in Persia, and 
 from Monsieur Auzout, against two former Essays 
 answered, and that London hath as many people as 
 Paris, Rome, and Rouen, put together. 2. A com- 
 parison between London and Paris in fourteen par- 
 ticulars. 3. Proofs that at London, within its 134 
 parishes named in the bills of mortality, there live 
 about 696,000 people. 4. An estimate of the 
 people in London, Paris, Amsterdam, Venice, Rome, 
 Dublin, Bristol, and Rouen, with several observations 
 upon the same. 5. Concerning Holland, and the 
 rest of the seven United Provinces. 
 
 VI. Political Arilhmetick; or, a Discourse concern- 
 ing the extent and value of lands, people, buildings ; 
 husbandry, manufactures, commerce, fishery, artizans, 
 seamen, soldiers ; public revenues, interest, taxes, 
 superlucration, registries, banks ; valuation of men, 
 increasing of seamen, of militias, harbours, situation, 
 shipping, power at sea, &c. as the same relates to 
 
 every 
 
6i 
 
 every country iti general, but more particularly to tlic 
 territories of his Majesty of Great Britain, and his 
 neighbours of Holland, Zealand, and France, 1691. 
 
 Sir William Petty, the founder of the Shelburne 
 family, was son of a clothier at Romsey in Hampshire, 
 was born 26 May 1623, and died 16 December 1687, 
 set. 64. By hi§ last will he appears to have estimated 
 his real estate at 6,500!. per annum, and his personal 
 property about 45,000!. and the demonstrable improve- 
 ments of his Irish estates at 4000I. per annum — a 
 prodigious fortune to have raised from so small a be- 
 ginning. 
 
 DR. DAVENANT. 
 
 As a collection of early editions of the principal 
 works, on this subject, of Dr. Davenant lies before 
 me, I shall here insert them. 
 
 I. An Essay upon Ways and Means of supplying 
 the War. The Second Edition. London, for Jac. 
 Tonson, 1695, 8vo. 
 
 n. Discourses on the public Revenues, and on the 
 trade of England. In two parts, viz. i. Of the use 
 of political arithmetic, in all considerations about the 
 revenues and trade. 2. On credit, and the means and 
 methods by which it may be restored. 3. On the 
 management of the King's Revenues. 4. Whether to 
 farm the revenues may not in this juncture be most for 
 the public service? 5. On the public debts and en- 
 gagements. By the Author of the Essay on Ways 
 and Means. Part I. To which is added, a discourse 
 upon improving the revenue of the state of Athens : 
 Written originally in Greek by Xenophon ; and now 
 made English from the original, with some historical 
 
 notes 
 
62 
 
 notes by another hand. London, for J. Knapton, 
 1698, 8vo. 
 
 III, Discourses on the pubHc revenues, and on the 
 trade of England ; which more immediately treat of 
 the foreign traffick of this kingdom; viz. i. That 
 foreign trade is beneficial to England. 2. On the pro- 
 tection and care of trade. 3. On the plantation trade. 
 4. On the East India trade. By the author of the 
 Essay on Ways and Means. Part II. To which is 
 added the late Essay on the East India Trade. By the 
 same hand. London, for J. Knapton, 1698, 8vo. 
 
 IV. An Essay upon the probable methods of making 
 a people gainers in the balance of trade : Treating of 
 these heads; viz. of the people of England : of the 
 land of England, and its product : of our payments to 
 the public, and in what manner the balance of trade 
 may be thereby affected : that a country cannot in- 
 crease in wealth and power but by private men doing 
 their duty to the public ; and but by a steady course 
 of honesty and wisdom, in such as are trusted with the 
 administration of affairs. By the author of the Essay 
 on Ways and Means. London, for J. Knapton, 
 
 1699, ^^'°' 
 
 V. Essays upon Peace at home, and War abroad, 
 in two parts Part I. By Charles D'Avenant, LL.D. 
 The second Edition. London, for J. Knapton, 170^^, 
 8vo. 
 
 VI. Essays upon i. The Balance of Power. 2. 
 The right of making war, peace, and alliances. 3. 
 Universal Monarchy. To which is added an Appen- 
 dix, containing the records referred to in the second 
 Essay. London, for J. Knapton, 1 701, 8vo. 
 
 VII. A dlscouri>e upon grants and resumptions : 
 
 Showing 
 
63 
 
 Showing how our aiicestors have proceeded with such 
 Ministers as have procured to themselves grants of the 
 Crown-Revenue; and that the forfeited estates ought 
 to be apphed towards the payment of the public debts. 
 By the author of the Essay on Ways and Means. The 
 second Edition. London, for J. Knapton, 1700, 8vo. 
 To these the Biographia Britannica adds 
 
 VIII. The true picture of a Modern Whig, in two 
 parts, 1701- 1 702. 
 
 IX. Reflections on the constitution and management 
 of the trade to Africa. London, 1 709, fol. in three parts. 
 
 X. Reports to the Commissioners for stating the 
 public accounts, in two parts, J7JI', 8vo. And Dr. 
 Kippis adds, that the " True Picture of a Whig" 
 was carried on by him i!i 1710, in 2 volumes, 8vo. en- 
 titled " New dialogues on the present posture pf af- 
 fairs, the species of money, national debts, public 
 revenues, Bank and East India Company, and the 
 trade now carried on between France and Holland. 
 By the author of the Essay on Ways and Means." Sir 
 John Sinclair, from whom Dr. Kippis acknowledges to 
 have received this information, says, " there are very 
 few who on the whole can rival Davenantas a political 
 writer." Sir Charles Whitworth republished these 
 works 177 1, in 5 vols. 8vo. But Mr. Chalmers as- 
 serts that Davenant was more indebted even than he 
 owned to the foUowinsr v^riter, 
 
 GREGORY KING. 
 
 Gregory King was born atLitchfield, 15 Dec. i5^8; 
 was appointed Rouge dragon Herald, 1677, and after- 
 wards Lancaster Herald, in which office he performed 
 probably, the most valuable services and left the best 
 
 records 
 
64 
 
 records of any one who ever belonged to it, and died 
 29 Aug. 17 12. 
 
 Mr. Chalmers at the end of the third edition of his 
 *' Estimate" 1802, has at length published, what had 
 hitherto remained in MS. in the British Museum : 
 
 '* Natural and political observations and conclusions 
 upon the state and condition of England, 1696; by 
 Gregory King, Esq. Lancaster H." These contain 1. 
 The number of people in England and Wales, cal- 
 culated from the assessments on marriages, births, and 
 burials. 2. The proportion of England in acres and 
 people to France, to Holland, to Europe, and to the 
 world in general ; with a calculation of the number of 
 people now in the world. 3. The several distinctions 
 of people; as to males and females, married and un- 
 married, children, servants and sojourners. 4. The 
 several ages of the people. 5. The origination and in- 
 crease of the people of England, with some observations 
 about procreation. 6. The annual income and ex- 
 pence of the nation, 1688; with a scheme of the in- 
 come and expence of the several families respectively ; 
 and a calculation of the quantity of silver and gold in 
 Eno^land, France, and Holland, in Europe, and in the 
 world in general, and of the increase and consumption 
 thereof. 7. The several sorts of land in England, and 
 the value and product thereof; with a scheme of the 
 live stock of the nation, in cattle, &c. and of the 
 flesh yearly consumed as food. 8. The beer, ale, and 
 malt, annually consumed in England; and the revenue 
 of excise arising thereby. 9. A calculation of the 
 produce of the poll- bills, and some other taxes ; viz. 
 the tax on marriages, births, and burials, and on houses 
 and windows; and what may be raised on some com- 
 modities 
 
65 
 
 modities not yet taxed. lo. The state of the nation, 
 anno 1695 ; and what may be the effect of con- 
 tinuing the war to 1698, inclusive. 11. The state of 
 France and Holland in 1688, and 1695. 12. The 
 state and condition of the three nations of England, 
 France, and Holland, compared one with another with 
 respect to the years 1688, and 1695. 13. The expence 
 of the three nations, proportioned for the years 1688 
 and 1695 : to these are added a scheme of tite in- 
 habitants of the city of Gloucester, and a com- 
 putation of the endowed hospitals and alms' houses 
 in England. 
 
 These three celebrated authors, Petty, Davenant, 
 and King, were the foimders of our political arithmetic, 
 a science in which several of our cotemporaries have 
 shewn both industry and skill. 
 
 It is not my intention, nor have I indeed the mate- 
 rials at this moment before me to enable mc, to give a 
 complete series of the subsequent authors on this sub- 
 ject; among whom I should have been glad, h.ad I 
 been able to have furnished an adequate Memoir of Sir 
 Matthew Decker, a man of uncommon skill in com- 
 mercial arithmetic, who was born at Amsterdam, 
 came into England 1702, and settled himself as a 
 merchant in London, and was representative in par- 
 liament for Bishop's-Castle in Shropshire, temp. Geo. 
 I. was created a Baronet 17 16, and had three daughters 
 by Henrietta, his wife, daughter gf the Rev. Dr. 
 Richard Watkins, Rector of Wickford, in Warwick- 
 shire : Katharine wife of Richard, sixth Viscount Fitz- 
 william of Ireland, andmoiherof the present Viscount; 
 Maria, married to the Honourable John Talbot; and 
 
 F IS'Iary, 
 
66 
 
 Mary, married to William Crofts of Saxham, in 
 Suffolk, Esq.* 
 
 MALACHY POSTLETHWAYT. f 
 
 This person was the author of '' the English Com-t 
 mercial Dictionary," in 2 vols folio; a work much an4 
 justly esteemed. He also wrote the following: 
 
 " Great Britain's true System : wherein is clearly 
 shewn, i. That an increase of <;he public debts and 
 taxes must in a few years prove the ruin of the monied, 
 the trading, and the landed interests. 2. The neces- 
 sity of raising the supplies to carry on war within the 
 year. 3. That such a design, however seemingly dif- 
 ficult, is very practicable. 4. An Expedient, which 
 will support the public credit, in all times of public 
 distress and danger. To which is prefixed. An intro- 
 duction relative to the forming a new plan of British 
 politics, with respect to our foreign affairs, and our 
 connections on the Continent. Humbly submitted to 
 all the great men in and out of power. By Malachy 
 Postlethwayt, Esq. London, for A. Millar, 1757, 
 8vo." 
 
 In the introductory discourse to this volume he 
 feelingly complains of neglect. '^ The public en- 
 couragement" says he, ^^ Monsieur Savary met with 
 in France, to induce him to engage in compiling 
 his Dictionary of Commerce, w^as very engaging, and 
 sufficient to influence him to the undertaking. He 
 had the joint aid and assistance of a great number of 
 
 * Coll. Bart. V. 185. 
 f Archibald Hutchinson, Esq. Treasurer of the Middle Temple, and 
 Member for Hastings, died xath August 1740, aged nearly 80, famous for 
 iis calculations on the public debts. 
 
 persons 
 
6; 
 
 persons to accumulate matter for that work. Not 
 only merchants of the first eminence, but personages 
 of various conspicuous ranks in the state, distinguished 
 for their superior knowledge in trade, chearfully united 
 to help him; all the public offices of the kingdom, the 
 royal council of commerce, and even the first minis- 
 ters of state themselves contributed to his commercial 
 fund for the benefit of France; and the author was 
 not only honoured with the peculiar encouragement 
 and patronage of all the great men in power, hut he 
 was liberally rewarded by them, and enjoyed a lucrative 
 and honourable post to his death. This was the treat- 
 ment that the author of the French Universal Dic- 
 tionary of Connnerce met with. I do not choose by 
 way of contrast to make any declaration at present, 
 what treatment the author of the English Universal 
 Dictionary of Commerce has hitherto met with ; re- 
 serving that perhaps for an humble appeal to the 
 public, previously to the further tender of my best 
 services to them. To which reservation I am the more 
 readily induced from the public-spirited declaration of 
 some persons of distinction, who have spontaneously 
 done me the honour to declare, that they will use their 
 good offices that some public notice may be taken of 
 the disinterested zeal, and indefatigable industry, that 
 fias been shewn throughout that undertaking ; and it 
 is well known that I several times hazarded my life in 
 the prosecution of that work. 
 
 " Every man of candour and impartiality will grant^ 
 that the person who, in a private capacity, importantly 
 serves his king and country, is no less entitled to a 
 reward suitable to the service done, than he who does 
 the same in a public one. The speculative person may 
 F 2 be 
 
6B 
 
 be as useful to the state as the active : and when a 
 person takes upon him the contemplative recluse, 
 rather than the bustling life, either from choice or 
 tenderness of constitution, or from other motives that 
 induce him to think that he may be more serviceable 
 in the one capacity than lie could be in the other, it 
 is a sign that he has made the best choice in regard to 
 the public service ; and if such service has been ac- 
 cepted, no man will say but lie has just pretensions to 
 be paid for it. 
 
 *' Had the writer of these papers given no public or 
 private testimony of his turn to studies that have 
 proved useful to the state, it might be unreasonable, 
 it might have been justly thought presumptive in such 
 an. one to expect to make terms for his future intended 
 services; but as the case is otherwise, he humbly 
 hopes that some people will be candid and ingenuous 
 enough to think that he has a right to be treated upon 
 a footing something different to that of an upstart, idle 
 schemist, or projector, who has never given proof of 
 any talents that might deserve the public regard and 
 attention. 
 
 " Nature having given me but a very tender and 
 weak constitution, I have studiously declined and 
 avoided as much as I well could, every degree of the 
 public life, as being inconsistent with, and indeed de- 
 structive of that small state of health, which I have 
 several years enjoyed; and it will easily be believed, 
 that the studies I have been engaged in have not 
 mended it. I therefore considered in what capacity I 
 might prove any way useful to society; and accordino-ly 
 betook myself to the studious life ; experiencing that to 
 \>e more consonant to my preservation, thau that of 
 
6() 
 
 the active and public one, as it left me at liberty to 
 live in a way agreeable to myself, and not conformable 
 to that of others. 
 
 " In this my retired and contemplative state, I am 
 \viHing to think, that I have made such unprejudiced 
 and disinterested observations upon men and things, 
 that may not only prove of peculiar utility to these 
 kingdoms, and especially with respect to the present 
 situation and circumstances of public affairs, but to 
 mankind in general ; luiving made some discoveries 
 from my philosophical speculations into nature, that 
 may one day not a little surprize the learned world; 
 and many of them tend importantly to such improve- 
 ments in the active life, as will greatly benefit and ad- 
 vantage society in general." He died 1767. 
 
 Nothing needs at present to be said of a book so well 
 known as Adam Smith's * " Wealth of Nations," first 
 published in i77'5. Nor shall I here discuss the 
 financial calculations of Dr. Price f, the late Lord 
 Stair J, and others. Still less can I at present give an. 
 account of Sir John Sinclair's copious " History of the 
 Revenue." 
 
 Arthur Young more than thirty years ago published 
 a volume entitled " Political Arithmetic; or. Obser- 
 vations on the present State of Great Britain, and the 
 principles of her policy respecting agriculture; ad- 
 dressed to the CEconomical Societies of Europe." 
 
 But one of the most useful and conclusive books 
 both for the extent and accuracy of its researches, and 
 the force of its reasonings was 
 
 * Adam Smith was born June 5, 1723, and d'.ed July 1790. 
 ■J- Dr. Price was born 172 3, died 1791. 
 J Lord Stair died October 1789. 
 
 P 3 " The 
 
^* The Estimate of the comparative strength of 
 Great Britain, and of the losses of her trade from every 
 v/ar since the Revolution/' By George Chalmers, 
 F.R.S. S.A.; of which the first edition uas published in 
 1782, and the last with many additioBs in 1802, Svo* 
 to which were annexed Gregory King's " Political 
 Conclusions" and a brief memoir of the life of that 
 ingenious calculator, a^ already mentioned. 
 
 Something of the same kind, but certainly without 
 the same originality, or the same masterly command 
 6ver the subject, is the work^ entitled, 
 
 *' Financial and political facts of the eighteenth 
 century, with comparative estimates of/ the Revenue, 
 Expenditure, Dehts, Manufactures, and Commerce of 
 Great Britain. By John M'Arthur, Esq. author of a 
 treatise on Na'/al Courts Martial. Third Edition, with 
 an Appendix of useful and interesting documents, &c, 
 London, 1801, 8vo. 
 
 Here also may be mentioned the Kev. Dr. Clarke's 
 ^^ Survey of the strength and opulence of Great Britain/^ 
 2801. 
 
 The eminent skill in figures possessed by M!r. Wil- 
 liam Morgan, the nephew of Dr. Price, has always 
 secured the greatest attention to his financial pamphlets. 
 His last publication is entitled, *' A comparative view 
 of the public finances from the beginning to the close 
 of the late administration," 1803, ^^^' ^^^ ^^^^ great 
 objection to the result of his arguments is, that he con- 
 fines them to a mere question of figures; whereas true 
 political arithmetic surely requires a wide extent of col- 
 lateral considerations *. This defect has exposed Mr, 
 
 * See the British Ci itic j and also the Edinburgh Review, Vol. iv. 
 
 r n- 
 
 7 Morgan 
 
71 
 
 Morgan to various replies, among which Mr. Nicholas 
 Vansittart first distinguished himself. And here 
 perhaps it may be proper to mention the two pam- 
 phlets by Mr. Rose in 1792, and 1799, containing "A 
 brief examination of the Revenue," which afforded 
 Very satisfactory information to desponding minds. A 
 similar purpose was, I believe, effected by Mr. D. 
 Wakefield, in his " Answer to Morgan," 1802. 
 
 Perhaps I ought in this place to give an account of 
 the very useful, solid, and important publications of 
 Lord Sheffield ; but they will, I think, come more 
 properly under the head of " Works on Commerce;" 
 which, though it embraces a very large and essential 
 part of political Arithmetic, yet requires a separate 
 division. 
 
 That great luminary, Eurke, whose research was oc- 
 casionally as laborious, and information as copious 
 and minute, as his fancy, eloquence, and wisd )m were 
 extensive and splendid, both in the outset and close of 
 life, shewed himself a master of this science, as his 
 *' Observations on a late publication, entitled, ''The 
 present state of the nation, 1769," and his posthumous 
 '^ Third letter on a Regicide Peace" sufficiently evince. 
 
 This article shall be closed with four recent publi- 
 cations. 
 
 1. A Letter to the Right Honourable William Pitt 
 on the influence of the stoppage of issues in specie at 
 the Bank of England; on the price of provisions, and 
 other commodities. By Walter Boyd, Esq. M. P. 
 
 1801. 
 
 2. An Enquiry into the nature and effects of th^ 
 paper credit of Great Britain. By Heijry Thornton;, 
 Esq. M. P. 1802. 
 
 F 4 3. Thoughts 
 
7^ 
 
 3- Thoughts on the restriction of ])ayments in specie 
 at the Banks of England and Ireland. By Lord King, 
 May 1803. 
 
 4. Remarks on Currency and Commerce. By John 
 Wheatley, Esq. 1803 *. 
 
 Party prejudices, and suspicions arising from the 
 unfortunate circumstances under which the writer of 
 the first of these articles at that time laboured, much 
 weakened the effect due to his arguments. The British 
 Critic in particular gave an account of it ill-becoming 
 the skill it has generally shewn on such subjects: an 
 account which could scarcely have been written by the 
 profound and masterly commentator on the *^ En- 
 quiry" of Mr. Thornton, which has been only con- 
 cluded in the Review for January 1805. The signature 
 at the close of this article (J. B — d.) accounts for the 
 extraordinary ability with which it is written. The 
 Rc^\ John Brand, to whom alone this subscription can 
 belono;, has lono- been known for his acuteness and 
 depth in similar investigations f. By the secrets dis- 
 covered by Mr. Thornton, as they are drawn forth in 
 Mr. Brand's criticism, the evils arising from the in~ 
 
 * I may add here " An Inquiry into the nature and origin of Publli 
 Wealth, and into tlie means and causes of its increase. By the Earl of Lau- 
 derdale," 2vo. 1804. 
 
 ■f- He has often been strangely confounded with the Secretary to the Society 
 of Antiquaries, of the same name, who is author of the History of New- 
 castle ujion Tyne, and Editor of Bourne's Antiquitates Vulgares : and whose 
 pursuits have been in a very diffeient track. 
 
 Mr. Brand, the politician, distinguished himself at Cambridge, principally 
 in Mathematics, where lie became A. B. 1766, and has written several 
 pamjihlets of great merit ; particularly on the alteration of the constitution 
 of the House of Commons, 1793, and on the Price of Wheat, iSoo. 
 Probably the suggestions of Mr. Thornton have furnished him with some 
 new iijiht on this subject. 
 
 creas(^ 
 

 icrease of the quantity of the circulating riiedium^ 
 combined with its augmented power from a more skilful 
 and more oeconomical use, are truly alarming. They^ 
 who from the mere operation of what Beattie defines 
 to be ** common sense" have long beheld these results 
 with sorrow and lamentation^ and expressed them with 
 the ardor of a moral and justly directed sensibility^ 
 have been considered as prejudiced and narrow-minded 
 declaimers. But perhaps when these effects arc de- 
 duced and accounted for, in a mode which scarcely 
 falls short of mathematical demonstration, they will 
 not be so easily rejected by the scornful taunts of such 
 half-w^itted pretenders to an enlightened philosophy* 
 I am irresistibly impelled therefore to transcribe two 
 or three paragraphs even from so recent a publication, 
 which must be in every body's hands, thinking that I 
 shall be well repaid, if I can in the smallest degree add 
 to the circulation of remarks so truly important, and 
 so worthy the consideration of every thinking mind. 
 
 ** The private distress," says the Critic, ^^ arising 
 from the rapid increase of prices from these causes, 
 the increase of the notes of the bank, the unrestrained 
 augment of country paper, the increased power of cur- 
 rency of all kinds, and the monopoly, we shall pass by, 
 to note another and more natural consec^uence, arising 
 from the effect of a revolution, which it silently intro- 
 duces in the classes of society ; undermining civil 
 subordination, that great supplement to law, actino- 
 while in vigour with a more extensive, more constant, 
 and more moral effect. Men of property are custo- 
 marily divided into three classes ; the mercantile, the 
 monied, and the landed interests ; the spirit of sub- 
 ordination in cities and great trading towns is main- 
 tained 
 
74 
 
 tainctl by the two former; and in such places, aS k 
 tiianufacturing populace increases, it becomes more 
 refractor}'-, m.ore debauched, and more seditious, not- 
 withstanding any increase of wealth, and number of 
 the greater traders ; and on the monied men their 
 dependence is indefinitely less, and may be taken as 
 tiothing. 
 
 '• The effect of this increase of prices on the spirit of 
 subordination in the country, is now to be enquired 
 after. The incomes of the commercial and monied 
 men have been increased with a much greater celerity 
 than that of the landed interest; with respect to the 
 former this is self-evident ; and of late years the ad- 
 dition to the interest of the public debt forms a part, 
 and a part only, of the augment of the incorne of the 
 latter. Now in any one year each of these classes will 
 divide the commodities produced for all collectively, in 
 proportion to its income ; and as the income of the 
 landed class is perpetually declining in proportion to 
 that of the other two, its share in the whole product of 
 the year will be less than of those preceding ; together 
 with that of every individual on the average. Now the 
 real opulence of the class, like that of the individual, 
 is as that share ; and the circumstance of character 
 being taken equal, and such as neither adds to nor 
 subtracts from it, his consequence will be as his share 
 of opulence ; and this is the root of the subordination 
 of the inferior to the superior class; with this it in- 
 creases; Vvith this it dechnes, and with this it 
 perishes. 
 
 " In this universal progress of descent, many of the 
 old o-entry of the land are unable to conquer their old 
 habits of consumption, or to diminish their former 
 
 appearance 3 
 
Appearance ; they may, by preserving it preserve tliat 
 consequence a little while ; but it terminates in the sale 
 or diminution of their lands : thus their weight must 
 be daily decreasing, their number rapidly diminishing, 
 and the vacuity supplied by the new men who retire 
 from commcrco after having made their fortunes. But 
 let the new proprietor be in character, and in income^ 
 equal to the individual of an old family, whose place 
 betakes; the neighbouring yeomanry and peasantry 
 will not look up to him with that respect, with which 
 they recently regarded the representative of a family, 
 whom their ancestors have reverenced for generations; 
 hence by a rapid change of landed proprietors, sub- 
 ordination is weakened in the country at large. 
 
 ^' Besides, as the landed interest is in a state of 
 swift relative decline, the daily increasing opulence of 
 the monied and commercial men will be perpetually 
 adding to their ascendency in the House of Commons; 
 which will be far from an improvement of its spirit; 
 and of the great number of these classes who have had 
 seats in that house for the last half century, we do not 
 recollect one, who has been even reputed a great gene- 
 ral politician. This evil also affects the commercial 
 gentry themselves, as soon as they retire to enjoy their 
 acquisitions. He, who forty years ago converted his 
 capital into a monied income, finds its power or com- 
 mand of commodities and services already reduced in 
 the proportion of 6i to loo, or 39I. percent. ; and they, 
 who invested their property in land, notwithstanding 
 the rise of rents, find theirs reduced by about the half 
 of that rate; and even the merchant who, after thirty 
 years successful traffic, shall to-morrow withdraw from 
 business, will find the acquisitions of the first two 
 
 thirds 
 
7^ 
 
 thirds of that term greatly impaired in their poivet 5 
 and in this progress one new set of lauded proprietors * 
 will be rapidly succeeding another. 
 
 *' That highly valuable part of the population of a. 
 modified monarchy, an old landed gentry, and the 
 subordination arising from the respect entailed on their 
 names, we can no longer possess ; and this class is a 
 necessary counterpoise to all the irregularities into 
 xvhich such states are apt to run. It must be always 
 changing, always new j and families to continue their 
 real opulence unimpaired must continue commercial, 
 until the spirit of the declining years and old age of the 
 Dutch commonwealth, become that of the upper class 
 of Great Britain ; that is, the effective national charac- 
 ter of Great Britain itself." * 
 
 The following observations, which have some relation 
 to this subject, extracted from Bisset's Reign of George 
 in. under 1784, deserve attention. 
 
 '' The chief constituents of national prosperity are ■ 
 firstj the means of subsistence, through agriculture, 
 mines> fisheries, manufactures, and commerce: 
 secondly, defence in military and naval strength, for 
 securing those advantages; comprehending also, con- 
 nections with foreign countries, when conducive either 
 to benefit or security : thirdly, the preservation and 
 improvement of that physical and moral character, 
 which is best fitted for retaining and promoting the 
 advantages; this head requires the encouragement of 
 useful and liberal arts, and in every civilized and en- 
 liohtened country the promotion of science and literature : 
 fourthly, the gratification of prevalent habits of comfort 
 and enjoyments, as far as depends upon government, 
 
 « Biit. Ciit. Jan. 1805, p- S'j ja. 
 
 unless 
 
77 
 
 tmless restriction be necessary for public good, and t!wj 
 liberty of the subject, without which, to generous and 
 independent spirits, no other blessing of life can afford 
 perfect enjoyment : fifthly, subsidiary to the rest, is 
 provision for the coniinuance of these, as far as human 
 foresight can extend. * A statesman of consummate 
 wisdom may bestow a greater or less proportion of at- 
 tention on one or another of these constituents, ac- 
 cording to circumstances; but svich a minister will 
 have them all in his view. The peculiar situation of 
 Britain, exhausted by the enormous expences of her 
 hite ruinous (American) war, and loaded with an im- 
 mense public debt, rendered the promotion of trade 
 and improvement of finance the most immediately 
 urgent objects of legislative and ministerial conside- 
 ration. Besides, at this time, the study of political 
 economy occupied the greater number of scholars, 
 moral and political philosophers, and almost every able 
 and informed senator and statesman. Such disqui- 
 sitions, originating in French ingenuity, had been cor- 
 rected, enlarged, and digested into a grand system, by 
 British experience, knowledge, and deduction. Adam 
 Smith was the framer of commercial science and the 
 consequent inculcation; and his inestimable work 
 indeed was become the text book of political econo- 
 mists in the closet, the cabinet, and senate. A very 
 eminent writer often gives a tone and fashion to the 
 subjects which he treats that procures them an atten- 
 
 * "This analysis the reader will perceive to be abiidged from Gillies'* 
 Frederic, Vv-hich appears tj the aulhor to exhibit a much juster and more 
 Komprehensive estimate of national advantage, than those, e.ther of writer* 
 or counsellors, who should consioer mere opuience, either private or j,ublic, 
 «V the aggregate of bath, as the test of national prcispcritj^" 
 
 tiop. 
 
78 
 
 tion, perhaps, greater than nny be justilied by their 
 comparative value among the various pursuits of life 
 and constliuents of happiness. Dwelling on the nature 
 and causes cf the wealth of nations, both theorists an4 
 politicians by too exclusive attention to that one sub- 
 ject, have frequently been led into an imagination that 
 the supreme constituent of national good was opu- 
 lence, an idea totally inconsistent with a knowledge of 
 human powers and enjoymenie, the experience of hap- 
 piness, and the history of nations.* This very high 
 estimation of wealth, as the supreme excellence of a 
 country, co-operated with the mercantile character so 
 prevalent in Britain, aiid man\' in the various depart- 
 ments of active (especially trading) life considered com- 
 merce and finance as the principal objects of execu- 
 torial conduct. Mr. Pitt, though too enlarged in his 
 views to admit the opinion in the common extent, yet 
 regarding trade, and especially revenue, as most im- 
 mediately urgent, in forming his plans for the first 
 session of the new parliament, directed his mind chiefly 
 to commerce and finance; and these constitute iheprin- 
 cipal subjects of his Majesty's introductory speeph tQ 
 parliament," 
 
 * Compare for Instance, the Greeks and Persians, the Romans and Car- 
 thaginians, the Europeans and Hindoos. The hevoes sent by poverty from 
 the north, to the dastardly and enervated defenders of the riches of the south. 
 These in the monuments of Gillies, of Fergusson, and Gibbon, shew how 
 falsely a political reasoner would conclude, who sl^ould measure national 
 glory and happiness by national receipts. 
 
 Art. 
 
19 
 
 Art. XVI. TOPOGRAPHY. 
 
 The dull manner in which this department of llte-i 
 yature has been generally conducted, without one faint 
 ravof fancy to ilkiminate the dreary paths of antiquity, 
 has brought it into contempt with men of elegant 
 learning and feeling hearts. It cannot be denied, that 
 to extract from court-rolls, deeds of feoffment, and 
 parish registers, to copy tombstones, and epitomize 
 wills, to hunt indexes for inquisitions, and transcribe 
 meagre pedigrees of obscure names, is a very humble 
 exercise of some of the lowest qualifications of an at- 
 torney's clerk — But to elucidate local history in the 
 manner in which it ought to be elucidated, is to 
 rescue the worthy from oblivion, to delineate the 
 changes of manners, and the progress of arts, and 
 pall back to the fancy the pomp and splendour of ages 
 that are gone ; to restore the ruinated castle ; to re- 
 people the deserted mansion, and bid for a moment 
 the grave render back its inhabitants to the fond eye 
 of regret. To execute works of this kind v.'ould require 
 powers very different from those of most of our 'i to- 
 pographers, and not very compatible with that industry 
 which the necessary researches would call for. Few 
 men have united, with the powers of fancy and taste, 
 such laborious investigation, as the late Mr. Thomas 
 Warton. His specimen of a History of Oxfordshire, 
 in his account of the parish of Kiddington, is a model 
 for such compilations, and shews how instructive and 
 entertaining he could have made the account of a more 
 favoured spot. 
 
 But the principal purpose of my entering at present 
 P^lthis subject is to introduce the fragment of a Poem, 
 
 ill 
 
8o 
 
 in which it is attempted to describe the feelings of a 
 tender heart on re-visiting the scenes of former hap- 
 piness. It seems to me that such effusions come strictly 
 within the plan of the most valuable part of topo- 
 graphical memoirs ; and would add life, interest, and 
 moral charms to what is now considered as the most 
 useless and unattractive branch of modern reading. 
 
 A POETICAL FRAGMENT 
 
 Qna deserted 7nansion, the supposed place of nativity 
 of the person in whose character it is written. 
 
 Ah ! poor deserted solitary dome ! 
 
 Thou wast, tho' now so dreary, once ray home ! 
 
 From these lov' d windows was I wont to mark 
 
 The swain at noontide cross the chearful park ; 
 
 And oft as pensive eve began to draw 
 
 O'er the sweet scene her shadowy veil, I savtr 
 
 The weary woodman thro' the twilight pace. 
 
 His hearth's domestic circle to embrace ! 
 
 Unnoticed now his mournful path he treads; 
 
 No casual ray thy gloomy window sheds j 
 
 From thy chill halls no clouds of smoke appear; 
 
 No sound of human habitant is here. 
 
 The angry spirits of the wind alone 
 
 Shriek thro' thy roon^sand 'mid thy turrets grosn | 
 
 While the poor villager, who wont to stay, 
 
 And near this spot to Hngef on his way, 
 
 Now passes fearful on, nor looks around. 
 
 Starts at each bough ; and quakes at every sound, > 
 
 With trembling footsteps I approach thy gates j 
 
 The maasy door upon the hinges grates 3 
 
 Hark ! as it opens, what an hollow groan 
 
 'Cross the dark hall and down the aisles is thrown ! 
 
 Still 
 
8i 
 
 Still as each lov'd apartment I explore. 
 The ghosts glide by of joys that are no more; 
 Cold tremors seize my frame, and to my heart 
 Despair's chill shafts in clouds of sorrow dart ! 
 O where are all the crew, whose social powers 
 Speeded beneath these roofs my youthful hours: 
 Some near yon fane, beneath the turfy mound. 
 From worldly cares have early quiet found 
 \Vide o'er the globe dispersed the rest are seen j 
 Vast lands extend, deep oceans roll between. 
 Some in the burning suns of Asia toil 
 To win deceitful Fortune's gaudy smile; ' 
 Some in the battle's perils spend their breath. 
 And grasp at honour in the arms of death ; 
 On Egypt's sandy plains, or *mid the crew 
 Of mad rebellion still their course pursue; 
 Some to the gentler arts of peace apply. 
 Or with the gown's or senate's labours A'ie ; 
 Watch with the moon thro' midnight's tranquil hour. 
 Learning's exhaustlc^s volumes to explore ; 
 Or paint bright Fancy's shadowy shapes, which throng 
 Before the raptured sight, in living song, 
 "While fondly as the fairy structure grows 
 With hope of endless fame the bosom glows. 
 But where are the}', whose softer forms display'd 
 Beauty in all the charms of youth array'd? 
 Which first the breast \vith love's emotion fill'd. 
 And with new joys the dove- winged moments thrill'd. 
 Here glimmered first, amid a thousand wiles, 
 Thro' the deep blush, atfection's purple smiles. 
 In murmurs died the voices melting tone. 
 And the heart throbb'd with softness yet unknown. 
 On yonder lawn in yonder tangled shade 
 Till twilight stole upon our joys we played; 
 
 Q Danced 
 
83 
 
 Danced on the green, or with affected race 
 Pursued thro' winding walks the wanton chase; 
 Or sat on banks of flowers, and told some tale 
 Where hapless lovers o'er their fate bewail ; 
 Or bad soft echo from her mossy seat 
 The floating music of their songs repeat 1 
 Ye dear companions of my boyish days. 
 Fair idols of my vows and of my lays, 
 O whither are ye gone? what varied fate 
 Has heaven decreed your riper years to wait ? 
 The bloom of youth no longer paints your cheeks j 
 In your soft eyes gay hope no longer speaks j 
 Bright as the hyacinthine rays of Morn 
 Your cheeks no more the auburn locks adorn. 
 Some in the distant shades of privacy 
 With watchful looks a mother's care supply; 
 Some in the realms of fashion feed their pride, 
 AVafted on dissipation's vapoury tide : 
 And some alas ! ere yet the silver hair 
 And tottering footsteps warn'd them to prepare. 
 Of life's vain course have closed the fickle race, 
 And sudden sunk in chilling death's embrace. 
 
 But happy they, who, in the quiet grave. 
 The world's relentless storms no more must brave ; 
 For here no more had childhood's pure delights 
 Bless'd their sweet days, and hover'd o'er their nights. 
 Here cruel fate had early closed the door. 
 That opens to the voice of joy no more ; 
 And still, wheree'er the wretched exiles strayed. 
 Black Care had gloom'd thi^ir steps, and Fraud betray'd ; 
 And Envy scowl d upon their fairest deeds. 
 And Calumny, that cursed fiend who feeds 
 With most delight or. those, who most aspire 
 To win pure fame by virtue's holiest fire. 
 
 Had 
 
83 
 
 Had darap'd the ardor of the generous breast, 
 And glory's kindling visions had supprest. — 
 The grave contains them now : beneath a heap 
 Of mouldering turf In silent rest they sleep, 
 Till the dread day when sounds the trump of fale, 
 And all with trembling hope their doom must wait. 
 
 O ye deep shadowy walks ; ye forest-dells, 
 Where solitude with inmost mystery dwells ! 
 Again I hail you! From the leaf strown earth 
 Visions of happy infancy spring forth 
 At every step I tread ; and to my heart 
 A momentary ray of joy impart: 
 But ah ! how soon, with present ills combin'd. 
 The dreadful contrast strikes the wounded mind! 
 The clock that sent its undulating sounds 
 With deep-ton'd stroke thro' all your distant bounds 
 From yonder lofty tower, is silent now j 
 Silent the horn, that on yon airy brow. 
 Blew its shrill notes thro' all your calm retreats. 
 And rouz'd the Nymphs and Dryads from their seats j 
 And call'd sweet Echo, bidding her prolong 
 Thro' hill and grove and vale the chearful song : 
 Still is the breath of him who wak'd the horn j 
 The master's tongue, who did these scenes adorn. 
 Is silent in the dust j no more his voice 
 Bids the deep coverts of your woods rejoice j 
 No more the rustics' grateful breasts he chears, 
 Nor wipes from Poverty her bitter tears j 
 No more around him draws the eager cry 
 Of prattling childhood, to attract his eye. 
 From whence the rays of love and kindness fly j 
 No more his lips pronounce the awful tone 
 Of wisdom, and instruct the bad to moan 
 Their guilty course ; and virtue still to bear 
 The load of life with fortitude and prayer. 
 
 G 2 Beneath 
 
 } 
 
84 
 
 fieneath the pavement of yon bumble fane 
 
 Low ill the earth his mouldering bones remain. 
 
 Mem'ry shall o'er the spot her vigils keep. 
 
 And Friendship and Affection long shall weep; 
 
 And he, vv'ho now attempts, in simple lays. 
 
 His hoaour'd fame so weakly to emblaze. 
 
 Shall never cease, till life its current stays. 
 
 To love, to speak, to view with idol eyes. 
 
 His merits kindling as they upward rise .' 
 
 O what a sudden gloom invests the heaven ! 
 
 Black clouds across the fair expanse are driven : 
 
 No sound is heard ; save where a casual breeze 
 
 Shakes off the rustling leaves from faded trees. 
 
 Hark ! vi'hat a gust was that! a fearful moan 
 
 Along the dark'ning forest seems to groan. 
 
 Ye holy spirits of my buried sires. 
 
 Still e'en in death survive your wonted fires? 
 
 Still hovering round your once lov'd earthly walks. 
 
 Is it your voice that in the breezes talks ? 
 
 To him who sighs o'er all your glories gone, 
 
 Who weeps your scatter'd grove, your ruin'd lawn ; 
 
 Who views with bursting heart your falling towers. 
 
 And fills with loud lament your ravag'd bowers j 
 
 To him, perchance your guardian cares extend j 
 
 O'er him perchance with favouring voice ye bend 1 
 
 O hear me, sainted beings of the air, 
 
 One sign, ye smile upon my efforts, spare ! 
 
 That gust again ! louder it seem'd to move. 
 
 Rushing across the center of the grove ! 
 
 Sure 'tis the signal that ye come at last 
 
 To calm my breast, and soothe my sorrows past : 
 
 For long Misfortune's baleful hand has spread 
 
 Her iron tortures round my luckless head, 
 
 Catera desunt, C A^ f\ 
 
 Art*; 
 
 } 
 
85 
 
 Art. XVIL REV. ROBERT POTTER. 
 
 Of this very accomplished and venerable scholar, 
 who died in August 1804, the following character ap- 
 peared in the Newspapers of the day. 
 y^ e. **' Thursday last died, aged 83, the Rev. Robert 
 rotter, M. A. Prebendary of Norwich, and Vicar of 
 LowestofF, in Suffolk. Mr. Potter has long been known 
 to the literary world as the translator of three great 
 writers of the Greek drama ; of all the translations in 
 our language, this undoubtedly possesses a superior 
 claim to excellence; not merely from the fidelity with 
 which it has been executed, but from the singular 
 fidelity by which the genius and maimer of the re- 
 spective writers are presented to us. When we further 
 consider the magnitude of the undertaking, and that it 
 was the work of one man, we cannot but rank Mr. 
 Potter (not to mcntinn his original publications), 
 among those to whom British literature is especially 
 indebted. In his private character, he exhibited a 
 mind of strong sensibility and elevated sentiments; 
 and his principles and conduct were such as to do 
 honour to his profession and country." 
 
 The following article also appeared at the same 
 time. 
 
 " Mr. Potter was one of the best classical scholars 
 of his time. His translations of the Greek dramatic 
 writers are proofs of poetical energy as well as pro- 
 found erudition. He distinguished himself by other 
 works of learning and genius; but he was entitled to 
 still higher prais^ for the benevolence of his disposition 
 and rectitude of his conduct. The living of Lowestoff 
 is \\\ the gift of the Bishop of Norwich, who will 
 
 G 3 perhaps 
 
86 
 
 perhaps find it a difficult matter to fill the vacancy left 
 by Mr, Potter, who executed its duties with exem- 
 plary piety without ostentatious zeal." 
 
 Art. XVIII. JACOB BRYANT. 
 From the Sun Newspaper, 23 Nov. 1804. 
 
 " Jacob Bryautj Esq. We have already stated that 
 this venerable ornament of literature died on Tuesday 
 the 13th instant at Chippenham, Bucks, aged 89, 
 deeply regretted by all who knew him. His death was 
 in consequence of a wound on his shin, occasioned by 
 his foot slipping from a chair, which he had stepped 
 on to reach a book in his library ; thus did he die, as 
 he had lived, in search of knowledge. As a small but 
 sincere tribute to his memory, a friend is induced to 
 give a short sketch of his character, which an unin- 
 terrupted intercourse with him for the last thirty years 
 enables him to do. 
 
 '' Jacob Bryant, a man, whose whole life had been 
 devoted to the acquirement of learning, and the goal 
 of whose labours was a firm settlement of conviction in 
 religion. He had by study amassed an erudition, 
 which was paralleled by few and surpassed by none; 
 his piety grew out of his learning, and was only equalled 
 by it. With the mildness of a child, he united the 
 firmness of a stoic ; from a mind truly christian, his 
 precepts flowed with milk and honey. Though be-* 
 longing to the lay part of the community, his eflTorts in 
 the cause of religion were as unceasing as they were 
 Satisfactory. His studies were chiefly directed to on? 
 
 objectjj 
 
8; 
 
 object, the developement and establishment of uni- 
 versal truth ; this he knew could only be effected by- 
 removing tlie d.oubts of the sceptic, and softening the 
 heart of the infidel. The tenets of his own life were 
 those of a true Christian ; and though he looked upon 
 Providence rather as an indulgent than an angry father, 
 yet his walk through life shewed his conviction of the 
 jiecessity of never forgetting the " one thing needful." 
 *' Were it necessary to add any thing farther of so 
 good a man, it might be truly said, that in society he 
 stood unrivalled ; as a companion he was both com- 
 municative and attentive, of unaffected manners, and 
 manly cheerfulness, willing to please, and easy to be 
 pleased. Such a man was Jacob Bryant; such a man 
 his friends have lost, and such a loss they have to 
 deplore. " 
 
 Art. XIX. MRS. MONTAGU. 
 
 The following character of this lady appeared in the 
 newspapers on her death, on August 25, 1800. 
 
 " The observation of Hume, respecting Queen 
 Elizabeth, is applicable to this lady. We are not so 
 much to consider her sex, as her abilities. She was 
 an excellent scholar; she possessed a sound judgment 
 and an exquisite taste. Her Essay on the writings and 
 genius of Shakspeare, in answer to the frivolous objec- 
 tions of Voltaire must always rank with the best illus- 
 trations of the transcendent powers of our great English 
 poet. Her work is not an elaborate exposition of ob- 
 scure passages, but a comprehensive survey of the 
 sublimity of his genius, of his profound knowledge of 
 G 4 huniau 
 
88 
 
 human nature, and of the wonderful resources of his 
 imagination. This Essay is, we beheve, the only work, 
 of which Mrs. Montagu pubhcly avowed herself to 
 be the author; but it is well known that she assisted 
 the first Lord Lyttelton in the composition of his 
 *• Dialogues of the Dead :" and some of the best of 
 those dialogues, by his Lordship's own acknowledgment, 
 were the etforts of her pen. Lord Lyttleton was very 
 much attached to her, and if he had been free from 
 matrimonial connexions, she might have commanded 
 his title and fortune. Mrs. Montagu however, it is 
 imagined, was attached to Pultency, the famous Earl 
 of Bath.* She accompanied this nobleman and his 
 lady on a tour through Germany. 
 
 " Mrs. Montagu peculiarly excelled in epistolary 
 composition, and her letters, in point of learning, 
 judgment, and elegance, far exceed those of her name- 
 sake, Lady Mary Wordey Montagu, even supposing 
 that the latter was really the author of the letters at- 
 tributed to her, which have however been long known 
 to be fictitious, f 
 
 ** Mrs. Montagu was a near relation of the late 
 celebrated Dr. Conyers Middleton, X to whose care 
 she devolved in early life, and who superintended her 
 education with parental fondness. 
 
 " It is said that she made so early a display of her 
 tendency to literature, that she had transcribed the 
 
 * This was a strangely erroneous report. Pulteney was much older than 
 her father ; and Mr. Montagu survived him many years. Editor. 
 
 •j- Another unfounded assertion ! See Dallr.way's late edition of Lady 
 Mary's Woiks, in which the new letters have even greater merit than those 
 before published. Editor, 
 
 ^ Dr. Middleton married her grandmother, Mrs. Drake, Etlitor, 
 
 whole 
 
89 
 
 whole of the Spectators, before she was eight years of 
 age Incredible as this story seems to be, it has been 
 attested by the best authority, and was always solemnly 
 affirmed by the late Dr. Monsey, Physician of Chelsea 
 College, a particular friend of Dr. Middleton, and 
 of Mrs. Montagu. 
 
 '' The epistolary correspondence that took place 
 between Dr. Monsey * and Mrs. Montagu, during 
 her tour in Germany, and indeed through the whole 
 of their intercourse for upwards of thirty years, affords 
 proofs of uncommon talents, original humour, and 
 acute observation on both sides. We sincerely hope, 
 that these letters, or at least those of Mrs. Montagu, 
 will be submitted to the world, as they contain nothing 
 but what would tend to impress mankind with high 
 reverence for her capacity, her attainments, and her 
 virtues. 
 
 " In private life Mrs. Montagu was an example of 
 liberal discretion, and rational benevolence. Her 
 hand was always extended to the protection of genius, 
 and the relief of distress ; but she was careful to dis- 
 tinguish the objects, and not to lavish her bounty 
 upon false pretensions. This lady's magnificent man- 
 sion was the resort of the most distinguished characters 
 of her time, and all were emulous to testify their esteem, 
 and pay homage to the endowments of her mind, and 
 the amiable qualities of her heart. 
 
 *' We arc extremely sorry to conclude this impartial 
 tribute to her worth, by informing the v/orld, that she 
 patiently resigned her meritorious life at a very ad- 
 vanced age (So) on Monday last, 25th Aug. 1800, at 
 her house in Portman Square." 
 
 * Dr. Mon?ey died 26111 Dec. 1788, ajed 55. 
 
 Art. 
 
90 
 
 Art. XX. Original Letter of Mrs. Montagu to 
 Mrs. W. B. 
 
 Dear Madam, Ckaillol, Sept. 19, 1776. 
 
 *' I had the pleasure of receiving your obliging letter 
 from the hands of a very lively polite French lady. 
 Who she is I cannot learn, for at Paris every body 
 
 does not know every body as at London. Miss G 
 
 and I were going to step into the coach with an in- 
 tention to pass one night at Paris; but I changed my 
 
 scheme, and insisted on Madame C staying the 
 
 evening; she has travelled a great deal, and is very 
 amusing. I have called twice at her door, but did not 
 find her at home ; she wrote me a very obliging note 
 to express her regret. I do not know whether I men^ 
 tioned to you that I was disgusted with the noise and 
 dirtiness of an hotel garni. I had the best apartments 
 in the best hotel at Paris. In my drawing-room I had 
 a fine lustre, noble looking-glasses, velvet chairs ; 
 and in my bed-chamber a rich bed with a superb 
 canopy. Poets and philosophers have told us that 
 cares and solicitudes lurk under rich canopies, but they 
 never told us that at Paris les punaises lie concealed 
 there; small evils it may be said, but I assure you as 
 incompatible with sound sleep as the most formidable 
 terrors or the wildest dreams of ambition. 1 did not 
 rest well at night, and in the day for the few hours I 
 was chez moi I did not enjoy that kind of comfort one 
 feels at home, so I was determined to have an habi- 
 tation quite to myself. T got a pretty small house at 
 
 Chaillot 
 
91 
 
 Chaillot with the most dehghtful prospect; it was un- 
 furnished, so I hired fariiiture. I had not brought 
 house Unen, but I found a Flemish Hneii-draper ; then 
 T composed my estabhshment of servants ; I have of 
 Enghsh, French, Italians, Germans, and Savoyards ; 
 they cannot combine against me, for they hardly un- 
 derstand one another, but they all understand me, and 
 we are as quiet and orderly as possil)le. I was not ten 
 days from the time I hired my house before I inhabited 
 it. I made use of it at first as an house to sleep in at 
 night, and to visit from in the day, but I soon found 
 out that it was an house in which one might dine and 
 ask others to dinner. I got an excellent cook who 
 had lived with tjie Prince of Wirtcmberg, and have 
 since had duchesses, and fine ladies, and learned 
 academicians, to dine with me; and I live a la mode 
 de Paris, as much as if I was a native, I have usually 
 only a pair of horses ; but when I go to visit, or any 
 where at a distance, the man of whom I hire them 
 furnishes me with six and a postillion^ so that I have 
 all manner of accommodations. 
 
 *' I placed the boys and Mr. B . at a French 
 
 gchool, half a quarter of a mile from hence, where 
 they have an opportunity of talking French all day as 
 well as learning it by rule. If they had been here, the 
 boys must have been continually with servants, for 
 my nephew being too old for a plaything, and not yet 
 a man, it would have been impossible to have intro- 
 duced liim into company. A little child is the pret- 
 tiest of animals, but of all companions, to be sure a 
 human being before it is at years of rational discourse 
 is the worst, except to those who have a parental af- 
 fection for them ; and though I think it no shame to 
 
 own 
 
92 
 
 own I have a wonderful delight in my nephew, \\hom 
 I have, in a manner, brought up, I should he very 
 absurd to expect other people should take more plea- 
 sure in my nephew than I do in their nephews ; nor 
 do I think the conversation of mixed society very good 
 for children. Things are often thrown out in a care- 
 less imperfect manner, so as to be very dangerous to 
 young minds ; as indigested food tills the body, indi- 
 o-estcd opinions do the mind, with crudities and flatu- 
 lencies, and perhaps there is not any place where a 
 young person could be in more danger of being hurt 
 by society than at Paris. Till I had conversed so in- 
 timately with the French I did not imagine they were 
 so different from us in their opinions, sentiments, 
 manners and modes of life as I find them. In every 
 thing they seem to think perfection and excel- 
 lence to be that which is at the greatest distance 
 from simplicity. I verily believe that if they had the 
 ambrosia of the gods served at their table they would 
 perfume it, and they would make a ragout sauce to 
 nectar; we know very well they would put rouge on 
 the cheek of Hebe. If an orator here delivers a very 
 highly adorned period he is clapt ; at the academy 
 where some verses were read, which were a translation 
 of Homer, the more the translator deviated from the 
 simplicity of Homer, the more loud the applause; at 
 their tragedies an extravagant verse of the poets and 
 anoutrageo!is action of the actor is clapped. The Corinr 
 thian architecture is too plain, and they add ornaments 
 of fancy. The fine Grecian forms of vases and tripods 
 they say are triste, and therefore they adorn them. It 
 would be very dangerous to inspire young persons with 
 this contempt of simplicity before experience taught 
 
 choice 
 
93 
 
 choice or discretion. The business of thetoilletteishere 
 brought to an art and a science. Whatever is supposed to 
 add to thecharm of society and conversation is cuUivaled 
 with the utmost attention. That mode of life is thouoht 
 most ehgible that docs not leave one moment vacant 
 from amusement. That style of writing or conver- 
 sation the best that is always the most brilliant. This 
 kind of high colouring gives a splendour to every thing 
 which is pleasing to a stranger v^ho considers every 
 object that presents itself as a sight and as a spectacle, 
 but I think would grow painful if perpetual. I do not 
 mean to say, that there are not some persons and some 
 authors who, in their conversation and writings, have 
 a noble simplicity, but in general tjiere is too little of 
 it. This taste of decoration makes every thing pretty, 
 but leaves nothing great. I like my present way of 
 life so well I should be glad to stay here two months 
 longer, but to avoid the dangers of a winter sea and 
 land journey I shall return, as I intended, the first 
 week in October. 
 
 I had a very agreeable French lady to dine with me 
 to-day, and am to dine with her at Versailles on Sun- 
 day. As she is a woman of the bed-chamber to the 
 Queen, she was obliged (being now in waiting) to ask 
 leave to come to me ; the queen, with her leave, said 
 something very gracious concerning the character of 
 your humble servant. The French say so many civil 
 things from the highest of them to the lowest, I am 
 glad I did not come to Paris when I was young enough 
 to have my head turned. 
 
 We are going to sup with a most charming Marquise 
 deDufants, who, being blind and upwards of four-score, 
 is polite and gay, and I suppose we shall stay till after 
 
 midnioht 
 
94 
 
 midnight with her. I hope to contrive to get a peep 
 at you in my journey throbgh Kent. 
 
 Miss G desires her best compliments. I have 
 
 sent you a copy of Voltaire's saucy letter on a translator 
 of Shakspcare's appearing at Paris; he was very wrath, 
 Mr. Le Tourncur, whom he abuses, is a very modest 
 ingenious man. Voltaire is vexed that the French 
 will see how he has often stolen from Shakspeare. I 
 could have sent you some very pretty verses that were 
 
 made on your humble servant and Miss G ; but 
 
 I think satire is always more poignant than praise, and 
 the verses on us were high panegyric. 
 
 I am, Dear Madam, 
 
 Your most affectionate Sister and Friend, 
 and faithful humble Servant, 
 
 E. MoNTAGtJ. 
 
 Art. XXI. BEN JONSON. 
 
 Oldys in his MSS. says, " what I have observed of 
 Ben Jonson's being tutor to Sir Walter Raleigh's son 
 Walter, in my life of Raleigh, * should be somewhat 
 corrected from Mr. Oldisworth's MS. as follows. 
 
 " Mr. Camden recommended him to Sir Walter 
 Raleigh, who trusted him with the care and instruc- 
 tion of his eldest son Walter, a gay sparky f who could 
 not brook Ben's rigorous treatment, but perceivingone 
 foible in his disposition made use of that to throw off 
 
 * Before his " History of the WorM," 1736. fol. p. clxxii. 
 + This was the heioic son, who fell glorionfly in bis f.ither's livst unfor- 
 tunate expedition. 
 
 the 
 
95 
 
 the yoke of his government. And this was an unlucky 
 habit Ben had contracted, through his love of jovial 
 company, of being overtaken with liquor, which Sir 
 Walter did of all vices most abominate, and hath most 
 exclaimed against. One day, when Ben had taken a 
 plentiful dose, and was fallen into a sound sleep, young 
 Raleigh got a great basket, and a couple of men, who 
 laid Ben in it, and then with a pole carried him be- 
 tween their shoulders to Sir Walter, telling him their 
 young master had sent home his tutor/' 
 
 '' This I had, (says Oldys) from a MS. memoran- 
 dum book written in the time of the civil wars by Mr. 
 Oldisworth, who was Secretary, I think, to Philip 
 Earl of Pembroke. Yet in the year 1614, when Sir 
 Walter published his History of the World, there was 
 a good understanding between him and Ben Jonson : 
 for the verses, which explain the grave frontispiece 
 before that history, were written by Jonson, and are 
 reprinted in his " Underwoods," where the poem is 
 called " the Mind of the frontispiece to a book;" but 
 he names not this book." 
 
 Jonson was born nth June 1574, and died 16th 
 August, 1637, of a palsy. His father died about 1580, * 
 and his mother re-married a bricklayer. 
 
 He was very corpulent, and weighed within two 
 pounds of twenty-two stone, as he says himself in his 
 epistle to Mr. Arthur Squibb in his " Under- 
 woods." t 
 
 ^' The first edition of his works was in 1616, one 
 volume folio, pages 1015, imprinted by W. Stansby, 
 
 * Query this date ? 
 t VVh alley's edit. Vol. VI. p. 4:8. 
 
 entitled, 
 
96 
 
 entitled, " The VVorkes of Ben Jonson." Another 
 voUunc in folio was added 1631. Again with ad- 
 ditions, 169?, folio, with a copper-print of him 
 laureated, his cloak over one shoulder, and gloves in 
 his right hand, engrav-ed by Wm. Elder, the writing- 
 master, with Latin and b'nglish verses underneath. 
 But the face is too smooth, not crabbed, but full 
 enough. Mr. Vertue's print is much more like him. 
 I have seen an original painting of him in the Cotton 
 Library, but it is not done by a masterly hand. There 
 is a painting of him in the picture-gallery at Oxford: 
 and I have been told of a picture in Bricklayers' half. 
 A curious painting in miniature of his bead in oil 
 colours by Cornelius Jansen, and set in a gold frame 
 or border, in possession of Mr. Collevous the painter, 
 was sold by him for live guineas to Lord James Caven- 
 dish. There was an edition of Ben Jonson's works in 
 6 volumes, 8vo. with cuts. 
 
 *' I do not perceive," adds Oldys, *' thatLangbaine 
 had ever seen any of Ben Jonson's plays that were 
 printed singly in his life-time, but two; and these are 
 *« The New Inn" and " Staple of News," both printed 
 in different sizes in the year 1631. So that others of 
 his which were printed separately seem greater rarities 
 than Shakspearc's. The single copies might die the 
 sooner by his publishing a folio volume in 1616 of all 
 he bad written, 
 
 " In Ben's " Execration upon Vulcan for suffering 
 a fire to burn his MSS." printed in his " Underwoods" 
 it appears, that among them was a history he had 
 compiled of the reign of King tienry V. as far as eight 
 of' his nine years, in which he had the assistance of 
 Sir Geo. Carew, Sir Robert Cotton, and Mr. Selden. 
 
 He 
 
91 
 
 He then lost also a poetical journal of his adventures 
 ill Scotland, and all his collections in poetry and hu- 
 manity for twenty-four years, &c, I think the ^^ Exe- 
 cration on Vulcan" is not in the first edition of Ben's 
 works in folio, 1616 : atid think that the fire was near 
 or about the year 1629. He mentions in it the burning 
 also of one or two of the play-houses; viz. the Globe 
 on the Bank-side, and the Fortune near Whitecross- 
 street. 
 
 ** Mr. Thomas Odell tells me that Ben Jonson was 
 master of a play-house in Barbican, now the meeting- 
 house of Mr. James Foster, the dissenting minister, 
 and lived for some time in the house lately inhabited 
 by Mr. Samuel Palmer, the painter in Bartholomew 
 Close, and now by Mr, James, the letter-founder, 
 whence he accounts for his rhime on the Sun and 
 Moon taverns in Aldersgate-street. He mentions 
 something of his theatre to the Earl of Pembroke, I 
 think, before his Epigrams. He often mentions the 
 Mermaid * tavern, and commends the Canary there, 
 where Sir Walter Raleigh had also a club, of which 
 the Ingenious Sir Francis Stuart, K. B. and son of the 
 Earl of Murray, was one, to whom Ben Jonson dedi- 
 cates his *' Silent Woman." In the latter part of 
 his Epigrams he mentions the Mermaid in Bread- 
 street. 
 
 '* See Drummond's Letter to his worthy friend. 
 Master Benj. Jonson, at the end • of his History of 
 Scotland, 8vo. 1618, p. 395, or in folio, 1655. 
 
 " I have somewhere read that Ben Jonson and Tom 
 
 * " This was the Mermaid In Bread-street, and not that in Friday-stieet. 
 Whalley's Ben Jonson, Vo], VI. p. a6j." 
 
 H Brown 
 
98 
 
 Brown died in Aldefsgate-street. He was married In 
 his younger vears, and had a son who lived to be 
 seven years old (see his epitaph on him) ; and also 
 daughters, one of which, named Mary, dying young, 
 he has also an epitaph on her (see the Life of Waller, 
 8vo. 174 of his son.) About the year 1622, some 
 lewd, perjured vi'oman deceived and jilted him ; and 
 he writes a sharp poem on the occasion. And in 
 another poem, called his Picture, left in Scotland, he 
 s-eems to think she slighteJ him for his mountarin 
 belly and his rocky face. 
 
 " Ben Jonson was charged in his " Poetaster," 
 1 601, with having libelled or ridiculed the lawyers, 
 •soldiers, and players : so he afterwards joined an apo- 
 logeticai dialogue at the end of it ; wherein he says he 
 had been provoked for three years on every stage by 
 slanderers, as to his self-conceit, arrogance, insolence, 
 railing, and plagiarism by translations. As to law, he 
 says he only brought in Ovid chid by his father for 
 preferring poetry to it. , As to the soldiers, he swears 
 by his Muse they are friends; beloved the profession, 
 and once proved or exercised it, as I take it, and did 
 not shame it more then with his actions than he dare 
 now with his writings. And as to the players he had 
 taxed some sparingly, but they thought each man's 
 vice belonged to the whole tribe. That he was not 
 moved with what they had done agarnst him, but was 
 sorry for some better natures who were drawn in by 
 the rest to concur in the exposure or derision of him. 
 And concludes that since his Comic Muse has been so 
 ominous to him, he will try if Tragedy has a kinder 
 aspect. 
 
 <"^ A full shew of those he has exposed in this play is 
 
 not 
 
99 
 
 snot now easily discernible. Besides Decker, and some 
 touches on some play that has a Moor in it (perhaps 
 Titus Andronicus ; I should hope he did not dare to 
 mean Othello), some speeches of such a character being 
 recited in Act iii. Scene iv. though not reflected on, he 
 makes Tucca call Histrio the player, " a lousy slave, 
 proud rascal, you grow rich, do you ? and purchase 
 you twopenny tear-mouth ; and copper-laced scoun- 
 drels" &c. which language should not come very 
 natural from him, if he had ever been a player himself j 
 and such it seeins he was before or after." * 
 
 " See R. Herrick's poems on B. Jonson, in his 
 Hesperides, 8vo. 1648, who has four or five little poems 
 or epigrams on the same." 
 
 *' See Oldham's Ode to the Memory of B. Jonson— 
 Sam. Sheppard's Epigrams hi 6 books, 8vo. 165 1, 
 p. 138. There are three poems, or epigrams, and an 
 epilaph on Ben Jonson in a book called " Recreatioo 
 for ingenious head-pieces, 8cc. 8vo. 1667. One is 
 about his being robbed by a highwayman, in verse : 
 another, his approbation of a copy of verses : another, 
 a kind of epitaph, containing some very just praise, 
 and a short epitaph." f 
 
 * OWys's MS. notes to LangbaiBS. 
 
 t Oldys. . 
 
 ^2 A LIST 
 
lOO 
 
 A LIST 
 
 OF 
 
 LITERARY MEN OF GREAT BRITAIN, 
 
 WHO HAVE DIED lJ» THE LAST TWELVE YEARS, WITH 
 THE DATES OF THEIR DEATHS. 
 
 1793. 
 
 John Gordon, D.D. F.S. A. 5 Jan. set. 68. 
 
 Edward Drewe, Esq. of Exeter, 19 Feb. 
 
 William Murray, Earl of Mansfield, 20 Feb. act. 89 
 
 William Hudson, F.R.S. (botanist) 23 May, aet, 60, 
 
 William Robertson, D.D. 11 June, set. 73 
 
 Rev. Gilbert White, 16 June, aet. 74 
 
 George Stuart, LL.D. 18 June, set. 79 
 
 Francis Garden, Lord Gardenstone, 21 July, ast. 73 
 
 John Hunter, 16 October, aet. 68 
 
 Kjchard Tickell^ 4 November 
 
 3ir Clifton Winlringham, M.D. 10 January, aet. 84 
 
 John Hinchliffe, Bp. of Peterborough, 10 Jan. aet. 6^ 
 
 Edward Gibbon, 16 January, aet. 57 
 
 Reverend Edward Harwood, 14 January, aet. 6^ 
 
 John Charles Brooke, F.A.S. 3 February, aged 4^ 
 
 Richard Burke, Esq. 5 February 
 
 Sir John Fenn, Kt. F.A.S. 14 February, aet. 55 
 
 Sir William Jones, 27 April 
 
 Richard Burke, Junior, 2 August, aged 36 
 
 George Cohnan, 14 August 
 
 Rev. James Bentham, F.A.S. 17 Novembef, set S6 
 
101 
 
 1795. 
 
 George Berkeley, LL.D. 6 January 
 
 Thomas Balguy, D.D. i 2 January 
 
 Reverend Richard Southgate, 25 January 
 
 William Herbert, Antiquary, 17 March, ast. 77 
 
 Dr. Alexander Gerrard, 22 March 
 
 James Boswell, Esq. 19 May, set. ^^ 
 
 Ralph Heathcote, D.D. 28 May 
 
 AVilliam Smellie, Printer, 25 June 
 
 R.ev. Mr. Morrison, (biog.) June 
 
 Thomas Ford Hill, F.S.A. 16 July 
 
 Mrs. Dobson, July " " 
 
 Andrew Kippis, D.D. 8 October, ast. 72 
 
 Henry Owen, M D. F.R S. 14 October . 
 
 George Buit, D.D. 30 September 
 
 Reverend Samuel Bishop, 17 November, ^t. 63 
 
 1796. 
 Sir William Burrell, LL.D. 20 January 
 John Sibthorp, M.D. (botanist) 7 February- 
 Sir William Chambers, (architect) 8 March 
 Reverend Benjamin Sovvden, March 
 George Anderson, A. M. (accountant) 30 April 
 George Campbell, D.D. 6 April 
 William Gerard Hamilton, 16 July, ast. 69 • 
 Robert Burns, 21 July * 
 
 William Temple, LL.B. of St. Gluvias, August 
 Reverend William Benwell, 6 September, set.' 31 
 Thomas Reid, D D. 7 October, set. Sy 
 James Fordyce, D.D. 8 October, set. 'j6 
 Reverend John Bree, A. M. 14 December 
 John Maclaurin, Lord Dreghorn, 24 Dec, xt 67 
 
 1797. 
 
1797. 
 
 Reverend Mr. Parkhurst, 21 February 
 
 Horace, Earl of Orford, 2 March, aet. 81, 
 
 William Mason, A. M. 5 April 
 
 Reverend G. Travis 
 
 William Cadogan, M.p. 26 February 
 
 Miss Ryves, April 
 
 George Keate, F.R.S. 28 June, act. circ. 67 
 
 Reverend Henry Venn, R.M. 24 June, aet. 73 
 
 Edmund Burke, 9 July, aet. 68 
 
 Charles Macklin, 1 1 July, aet. 98 
 
 Harvey Viscount Mountmorris, 18 Aug, act. 55 
 
 James Petit Andrews, 4 August 
 
 JosiahDornford, Barrister, i July, aet. 34 
 
 Richard Farmer, D.D. 8 September, aet. 6^ 
 
 Robert Marsham, F.R.S. 4 September, aet, 90 
 
 Mrs. Wolstonecraft Godwin, 10 September 
 
 William Enfield, LL.D. 2 November, aet. 57 
 
 Mrs. Hayley, wife ofMr.W. Hayley, 6 November 
 
 Peter Peckard, D.D. 8 December, act. 8^ 
 
 Richard Brocklesby, M.D. 12 December 
 
 ^ohn Wilkes, 26 December, aet. 7 1 
 
 1798. 
 
 Thomas Kirkland, M.D. 17 January 
 Reverend William Holweli, B.D. 13 February 
 Sir Joseph Mawbey, Bart. 16 June, aet. 68 
 Robert Masters, BD. 5 July, aet. 83 
 James Adair, Serjeant at Law, 2 1 July 
 Daniel Webb, Esq. Critic, 2 August 
 
 Edward 
 
I03 
 
 Edward Waring, M.D. 15 August, at. 63 
 
 Owen Salusbury Brereton, 9 September, aet. 84 
 
 John Zephaniah Holwell, Esq. 5 November 
 
 Thomas Pennant, Esq, 15 December, set. 73 
 
 John Reinhold Forster, LL.D. 16 December, set. 70 
 
 Robert Merry, 24 December 
 
 William Wales, F. R. S. 29 December 
 
 1799. 
 
 Thomas Mulso, Esq 7 February, aged 78 
 
 William Mehnoth, 14 March, aged 89 
 
 Reverend Clayton Cracherode, 6 April 
 
 William Seward, F.R S. 24 April 
 
 James Moore, F. A.S. 11 May 
 
 Anthony Storer, 5 July 
 
 William Curtis, (botanist) 7 July, set. 53 
 
 Rev. Samuel Denne, F.A.S. 3 August, aet. 70 
 
 John Bacon, Statuary, 7 August, at. 59 
 
 William Withering, M.D. 6 October, set. 58 
 
 John Tweddell, Esq. 25 July, aet. 32 
 
 Josiah Tucker, D.D. 4 November, set. 88 
 
 Michael Dodson, Esq. 13 November 
 
 Dr. Towers 
 
 General Wafhington, 14 December, set. 58, 
 
 1800. 
 
 Joseph Black, M.D. 
 
 Sir William Musgrave, Bart. F.A.S. 3 January 
 
 William Newcome, D.D. Primate of Ireland, 11 Jan. 
 
 aged 71 
 John Warner, D. D. 22 January, ast. 64 
 
 George 
 
104 
 
 George Steevcns, F.A.S. 22 January, aged 65 
 Rev. William Jones, F. R.S. 6 January- 
 Robert Glyn (Clobery), M. D. 8 February, act. 8f 
 Daniel Malthus, Esq. 
 Dr. Macknight 
 
 Rev. William Tasker, 4 February, aged 60 
 Rev. Joseph Warton, D. D. 23 February, aged 78 
 Honourable Dairies Barrington, 14 March 
 William Brownrig, M.D. F. R.S. 7 January, aet. 
 William Cowper, 25 April, £et. 69 
 Samuel Pegge, Esq. F.A.S. 22 May, aged 68 
 Mallet Du Pan, 8 May 
 
 Rev.William Bagshaw Stevens, 28 May, aet. 45. 
 Bryan Edwards, 16 July 
 
 Right Honourable Frederick Montagu, 29 July 
 Samuel Ireland, July 
 Mrs. Montagu, 25 August 
 Mrs. Gunning, 28 August 
 Matthew Lord Rokeby, 30 November, aet. 88 
 Mrs. Robinson, Poetess, 26 December 
 
 [ This hist will le continued, ] 
 
 T. Bekslsy, Printer, BoU Court, 
 fieet Street. 
 
CENSURA LITERARIA. 
 
 NUMBER II. 
 
 Art. 1. A Poetical Rapsodie; contaviing diverse 
 Sonnets, Odes^ ElegifSy Madrigals, Epigrams, 
 Pastorals, Eglogues, with other Poems, loth in 
 Rime and Measured Verse. For varietie and plea- 
 sure, the like never yet published. 
 
 The Bee and Spider by a diverse power, 
 
 Suckc hony and poyson from the selfe-same flower.* 
 
 Neiuly corrected and augmented. 
 London. Printed ly IVilUam Stanshy for Roger 
 Jackson, dweUing in Fleet Street, near the Great 
 Conduit, 1611. 12 wo. 
 
 This perhaps most valuable of our early metrical 
 miscellanies (the rare occurrence of which can alone 
 account for the little use which has been made of it by 
 our republishers of early English poetry,) was first 
 printed in 1602; and passed through three successive 
 and augmented editions in 1608, 161 1, and 1621. The 
 
 * So CKettle, in his Kind Hart's dreame, 1592;^ 
 <* From one selfe flower the bee and spider sucke 
 Honsy and poyson."' 
 
 r principal 
 
10b 
 
 principal contributor appears to have been the avowed 
 editor, Francis Davison, son of that unfortunate Secre- 
 tary of State, who suffered so much from the affair of 
 Mary Queen of Scots. * Being a poet himself, he 
 was more ably qualified for the delicate task of selec- 
 tion from his contemporaries, than Bodenham, the 
 compiler of *' England's Helicon," in 1600; though 
 his publisher, like some modern purveyors of literature, 
 seems to have slighted the judgment and taste of an 
 editor, for the purpose of making a bulkier book. 
 This v^'e gather from the preface, which, as it contains 
 a casual notice of Walter Davison, f the natural and 
 poetical brother to Francis, and as it is written in a 
 strain of animated defiance to the hypercritics of that 
 period, is here transcribed. 
 
 *' To the Reader. 
 
 " Being induced by some private reasons and by the 
 instant entteaty of speciall friends, to suffer some of my 
 worthlesse poems to be published, I desired to make 
 some written by my deete friends Anonymoiy and my 
 deerer Brother, tobeare them company : both, without 
 their consent; the latter being in the low-country 
 warres, and the rest utterly ignorant thereof. My 
 friends' names I concealed ; mine owne and my 
 brother's, I willed the Printer to supprease, as well as 
 I had concealed the other, which he having put in 
 without my privity, we must now undergo a sharper 
 censure pefhaps than our na'nelesse workes should 
 have done; and I especially. For if their poems be 
 
 * See Reliques of Engliili Poetry, I. 332, eJit. 1794. 
 \ A very friendly letter from the Earl of Essex to Walter Davison Is 
 piiaKcl in Birch's Memoirs of Qij,cen Eiizibith. 
 
Vikf:d, the prjlise is due to their invention ; if (llsliked> 
 the blame both by them and all men will be derived 
 upon me, for publishing that which they meant to 
 suppresse. 
 
 ** If thou thinke we affect fame by these kinds of 
 writings, though I thinke them no disparagement even 
 to the best judgements, yet I answere in all our behalfes, 
 with the princely shepherd, Dorus, Our hearts do 
 seeke another estimat'ioii. If thou condemne poetry in 
 generall, and affirme that it doth intoxicate the braine, 
 and make men utterly unfit eyther for more serious 
 studies, or for any active course of life, I onely say — 
 Jiibeo te stultum esse Uhenter, Since experience 
 proves by examples of many, both dead and living, 
 that divers delighted and excelling herein, being princes 
 or statesmen, have governed and counselled as wisely j 
 being souldiers, have commanded armies as fortu- 
 nately j being lawyers, have pleaded as judicially and 
 eloquently; being divines, have written and taught as 
 profoundly; and being of any other profession, have 
 discharged it as sufficiently, as any other men whatso- 
 ever. If, liking other kinds, thou mislike the lyrically 
 because the chiefest subject ther&of is love ; — I reply, 
 that love being vertuously intended and worthily placed, 
 is the whetstone of wit and spurre to all generous ac- 
 tions; and many excellent spirits with great fame of 
 wit and no staiiie of judgement, have written excel- 
 lently in this*kind, and specially the ever-praise- 
 vvorthy Sidney : so as if thou wilt needs make a faulty 
 for mine owhe partj 
 
 Haud timeo, si jam n«queo defendere crimen 
 Cum tanto commune viro. 
 
 12 ^It 
 
io8 
 
 ** If any except against the mixing (both at the be- 
 ginning and end of this booke) of diverse things writ- 
 ten by great and learned personages, * with our meane 
 and worthlessc scriblings, I utterly disclaim it; as 
 being done by the Printer, eyther to grace the fore- 
 front with Sir Philip iSidney's and others' names, cr to 
 make the booke grow to a competent volume. 
 
 *^ For these poems in particular, I could alledge these 
 excuses — that those under the name of Anonymo^ 
 were written (as appeareth by divers things to Sir 
 Philip Sidney living, and of him, dead) almost twenty 
 yeares since, when poetry was farre from that perfec- 
 tion to which it hath now attained: that my brother 
 is by profession a souldier, and was not eighteen years 
 old when he writ these toys: that mine owne were 
 made most of them sixe or seven yeares since, at idle, 
 times as I journeyed up and downe during my travails. 
 J3at to leave their works to justifie themselves, or the 
 authors to justifie their works, and to speake of mine 
 owne; thy dislikes I contemne, thy praises (which I 
 neither deserve nor expect) I esteeme not ; as hoping 
 (God willing), ere long to regaine thy good opinion, if 
 lost, or more deservedly to continue it, if already ob- 
 tained, by some graver worke. Farewell. 
 
 Fra. Davison." 
 
 The edition of 1611 is preceded by an alphabetical 
 table of contents, and a dedicatory sonnet " To the most 
 noble, honorable, and worthy Lord William Earle 
 
 * Two Letters written by Francis to his father. Secretary Davison, occur 
 in Dr. Birch's i4tU Vol. of transcripts and extracts from the MSS. of Ant.- 
 Bacon, Esq. and were printed in the Memoirs of Queen Elizabeth's time. 
 Vol. II. 
 
 of 
 
I op 
 
 of Pembroke, * Lord Herbert of Cardlflcj Marmion, 
 and St. Quintine : 
 
 Great Earle, whose brave heroike minde is higher 
 
 And nobler then thy noble high degree ; 
 
 "Whose outward shape, though it most lovely be. 
 
 Doth in faire robes a fairer soule attier : 
 
 Who, rich in fading wealth, in endlesse treasure. 
 
 Of vertue, valour, learning, richer art. 
 
 Whose present greatnesse men esteeme but part 
 
 Of what by line of future hope they measure ! 
 
 Thou worthy sonne unto a peerelesse mother. 
 
 Or nephew to great Sidney of renowne. 
 
 Who hast deserv'd thy coronet, to crowne 
 
 With laurell crowne, a crowne excelling th' other : 
 
 I consecrate these rimes to thy graat name. 
 
 Which, if thou like, they seeke no other fame. 
 
 Fka. Davison." f 
 
 [To be continued in another Namher.'] 
 
 Art. II. " The pleasauntest workes of George Gas- 
 coigne, Esquyre : Newlye compyled into one 
 vohime, Ihat is, to say : His Flowers, Hearhes, 
 JVeedes, the Fruites of IVarre, the Comedie called 
 Supposes, the Trogedie ofJocasta, the Steel-glasse, 
 the complaint of Phylomene, the storie of Ferdi- 
 vando Jeronimi, and the Pleasure at Kenelworth 
 Castle. London, imprinted by Abel Jeffes, dweU 
 
 * The poetical patron of Ben Jonson, Abr. Fiaunce> Daniel, Davles of 
 Hereford, &c. 
 
 ■\ To this signafure was added in edit. i6o3, " The devoted admirer of 
 your Lordship's noble virtues, humbly dedicates his owne,.his brother's, and 
 Anonymos poems, both in his owne and their names." 
 
 I 3 ling 
 
ling in the Fore-street, without Creeplegate, neerfi 
 unto Gruh-streete. ^to. 1587. B. L* 
 
 As it is the purpose of this work not only to give 
 an account of curious and neglected volumes, but to 
 elucidate the history of the authors, and to co'Ttct the 
 errors of preceding biographers, the commnnioator of 
 this article conceives that his time cannot be more ad- 
 vantageously employed than in adding to the meagre 
 details, and rectifying (in some degree) the erroneous 
 accounts of this once celebrated poet. 
 
 George Gascoigne was born (according to Tanner) f 
 of an ancient and noble family in Essex, rnd, as I learn 
 from himself, received the rudiments of his edu- 
 cation under a clergyman by the name of Nevinson, 
 and thence removed to Cambridge. My reason for 
 concluding that he never studied at Oxford shall be 
 given in a note. % How long he remained at the Uni- 
 versity no where appears, but he afterwards entered at 
 Grays Inn for the purpose of studying the law. The 
 connexions which his situation now procured him 
 
 • * My copy was given by Bishop Warburton to the late Thsmas Warton. 
 •j- Vide Tanneri Bibliotheca, p. 310; but his account is so closely copied 
 from Antony Wood that it is scarcely necessary to refer but to Athene Oxon. 
 Vol.1. 189. Ed. J720. He calls himself " 'Esquire by birth, and soldier 
 by profession." By the bye his being born in Essex may be questioned : ia 
 the address prefixed to the " Heimit's Tale," he says he " stale his Englishe 
 in Westmerland." 
 
 \ The following lines from his " Satyre of the Steel-glass" will be suf- 
 ficient ground on wh;ch to found this opinion : he there directs the Priests to 
 Pray for the nurse^ of our notde Realme, 
 I meane the woithy universities, 
 And Cantabridge shad have the dignit'e 
 Whc.-eof 1 was unworthy member once. 
 
 SSs.H.j. 
 
 drew 
 
Ill 
 
 drew him to court, where he lived with a splendour of 
 expence to which his means w«re inadequate, and at 
 length being obliged to sell his patrimony (which it 
 seems was unequal) to pay his debts, he left the court 
 and embarked on the 19th of March, 1572, at Graves- 
 end; the next day he reached the ship and embarked 
 for the coast of Holland. The vessel was under the 
 guidance of a drunken Dutch pilot, who, from inex- 
 perience and intoxication, ran them aground, and they 
 were in imminent danger of perishing. Twenty of the 
 crew who had taken to the long boat were swallowed 
 by the surge; but Gascoigne and his friends (Rowland) 
 Yorke and Herle resolutely remained at the pumps, 
 and by the wind shifting they were again driven to 
 ^ea. At length 
 
 Per varies casus, per tot discrimlna rerutn, 
 
 they landed in Holland, where Gascoigne obtained a 
 captain's commission, under the gallant Wilhani 
 Prince of Orange, who was then (successfully) en- 
 deavouring to emancipate the Netherlands from the 
 Spanish yoke. In this service he acquired considerable 
 military reputation, but an unfortunate quarrel with his 
 colonel retarded his career. Conscious of his deserts 
 he repaired immediately to Delf, resolved to resign his 
 commission to the hands from which he received it ; 
 the Prince in vain cndv^avouring to close the breach 
 between his othcers. 
 
 While this negociation was mediating, a circum- 
 stance occurred which had nearly cost our poet his 
 life. A lady at the Hague (then in the possession of 
 the enemy) with whom Gascoigne had been on inti- 
 mate terms, had his portrait in'her hands (hia "coun- 
 terfaytj" as he calls it), and resolving to part with it 
 
 J 4 tQ 
 
115 
 
 to himself alone, wrote a letter to him on the subject, 
 which fell into the hands of his enemies in the camp; 
 from this paper they meant to have raised a report 
 unfavourable to his loyalty; but upon its reaching his 
 hands Gascoigne, conscious of his fidelity, laid it im- 
 mediately befoie the prince, who saw through their 
 design, and gave him passports for visiting the lady at 
 the Hague: the burghers, however, watched his motions 
 with malicious caution, and he was called in derision 
 *' the Green Knight." Although disgusted with the 
 ingratitude of those on whose side he fought, Gas- 
 coigne still retained his commission, till the prince, 
 coming personally to the siege of Middleburtr, gave 
 him an opportunity of displaying his zeal and courage, 
 when the prince rewarded him with 300 guilders 
 beyond his regular pay, and a promise of future pro-- 
 motion. He was (however) surprized soon after by 
 3000 Spaniards when commanding, underCaptain Shef- 
 field, 500 Englishmen lately landed, and retired in good 
 order, at night, under the walls of Leyden; the jealousy 
 of the Dutch then openly was displayed by their re- 
 fusing to open their gates; our military bard with his 
 band were in consequence made captives. At the ex- 
 piration of twelve days his men were released, and the 
 officers, after an imprisonment of four months, werQ 
 sent back to England. Returning to his native country, 
 Gascoigne betook himself once more to Grays Inn, 
 where it may reasonably be conjectured he continued 
 but a short time ; for in '575 we find him retired to 
 *' his poore-house" at Walthamstow, where he col- 
 lected and published his poems; having previously 
 finished " the complaint of Phylomene*'' (begun as 
 early as 1562), and written a satire called the Steele 
 
 Glass, 
 
'^3 
 
 Glass. In the summer of this year he accompanied 
 Queen Elizabeth in her progress, and supplied part of 
 the entertainment at Kenelworth Castle, and at Wood- 
 stock 
 
 Here the source'of my information, his own writings, 
 necessarily fails me, as the poet probably died soon 
 after, in all probability at Walthamstow. In an 
 address to the Qiieen, prefixed to " the Hermit's Tale" 
 dated istJan. 1576 (a MS. in the British Museum) 
 he complaios of his infirmities ; and as nothing ap- 
 peared from his futile pen, subsequent to 1576, we may 
 reaspnably conclude that he soon after terminated his 
 existence. * 
 
 For-, 
 
 * It may here be neceesary to answer for the variationii from Wood's 
 account. In no part of liis worl'.s, which abound with accounts of him- 
 self, does it appfar that Gascjigne " travelled in ffoliand," according 
 to the acceptation generally received; it is true he was in Holland, 
 but it was in his military capacity : that " he went from thence into France 
 to visit the fashions of the Royal Court there, where he fell in love with a 
 Scr. ush dame," is a luc'icrous mij'.ake of honest Antony's, originating, most 
 probably, in a supeiiicial examination of our author's works, among which is 
 a Sonnet " wrote unto a Scottish Dame whonie he chose for his mistresse in 
 the Frenca Court j" which, upon minuter inspection, he would have per- 
 ceived was written in an assumed character: indeed in" The Hermit'* 
 Tale" * he thinks it necessary to apologize foi his French, as being Ic^-rned in 
 Jidland. His return into England appears above to have proceeded from other 
 causes than " a weariness of those vanities, and of his travels in othcj- coun- 
 tries." 
 
 It is to be regretted and admired that Tanner, having Whetstone's life of 
 Geo. Gascoigne, if it was*' our Gascoigne," gave no account from it. That 
 the voluminous author of Promos and Cassandra (who has a;so a copy of 
 verses prefixed to Gascoigne's works) should execute such an undertaking is 
 
 highly 
 
 * Piinted in the ist Vol. of Queen Elizabeth's Progresses, where the 
 Editor's industry has forsook him, and where he has compiled a life of Ga$« 
 coigne, in which the errors of Wood's account are heightened. 
 
114 
 
 For the general merits of Gascoigne's poetry the 
 reader is referred to the last edition of Philips's Thea- . 
 trum Poetarum, p. 94 (White, 1800) and as specimens 
 may be found in Headley, Ellis, Cooper, &c. thev will 
 be the less necessary in this place: one short poem 
 which has not hitherto obtained the honour of selec- 
 tion mav, however, tend to relieve the laedium of an 
 extended narrative ; 
 
 Cantates, licet usque, minus via laedet, ea ^^us. 
 At the end of a close walk in the author's garden 
 were written these lines in rime. 
 
 If any flower that here is grown. 
 
 Or any herb may ease your pain. 
 
 Take, and account it as your own. 
 
 But recompence the like again : 
 
 For some and some is honest play. 
 
 And so my wife taught me to say. 
 
 Jf here to walk you take delight, 
 
 Why come and welcome when you will^ 
 
 If I bid you sup here this night. 
 
 Bid me another time, and still 
 
 Think some and some is honest play, 
 
 For so my wife taught me to say. 
 
 Thus if you sup or dine with me. 
 
 If here you walk, or sit at ease, 
 * If you desire the thing you see. 
 
 And have the same your mind to please j 
 
 Think some and some is honest play. 
 
 For so my wife taught me to say. 
 
 Mgbly probable, but whether it related to this or to anothe-- must now 
 remain a matter of bare conjecture. The tract not being among the Bishop's 
 Vooks in the Bodleian Library has probably " perished mid the wreck of 
 
 things that were." 
 
 I have in vain searched the registers of Stamford (which are unusually 
 perfect} for the name of George Gascoigne. 
 
115 
 
 It were endless to remark on every part of this mul- 
 tifarious volume,* but it may be observed that, to the 
 list of his writings in the " Biographia Dramatica^' 
 should be added " the device of a Mask for the Rt. 
 Hon. Visct. Montacute, pronounced on account of 
 the marriage of his sonne and heire, to the daughter 
 of Sir W. Dormer; and the marriage of the son and 
 heire of Sir \V. Dormer, to the daughter of Lord 
 Montacute." 
 
 By this time it may be thought that T have written 
 sufficient on the subject ; and but that such was my 
 opinion it was my intention to have observed that to 
 this edition (as to that of 1575) are prefixed thr^e 
 several Epistles, from the second of which the follow- 
 ing passage is v.'orth transcribing : it will be necessary 
 first to observe that some of Gascoigne's works, " the 
 fable of Ferdinando Jeronimi," more particularly, had 
 been supposed to reflect on particular individuals, and 
 in ridicule of those "who being indeed starke staring 
 blind would yet seem to see far into a milstone," he 
 adds, " I v.'ill forbear to recite examples by anie mine 
 own doings. Since all comparisons are odious, I 
 will not saie how much the arraignment and divorce of 
 a lover,^' (being written in ajest) have been mistaken 
 in sad earnest. It shall suffice that the contentions 
 passed in verse long sithensc between M. Churchvard 
 and Camel, were by a blockheatied reader, construed 
 to be indeed a quarrel between two neighbours; one 
 of whom having a camel in keeping, and the other 
 
 • In the list of Gascoigne's works Wood enumerates a '< discouTse of the 
 adventures of Mr. F. J. (Freeman Jones) about 1572." This is no other 
 than the fij-st edition of *' the fable of Ferdinando Jeronimi ! Risun^ 
 ^neatis. 
 
 having 
 
ii6 
 
 "having charge of the churchyard, it was supposed they 
 had grown to debate, because the camel came into the 
 churchyard. Laugh not, Kistie yonkers at this; since 
 the pleasant dittie of the noble Earl Surrie beginning 
 thus. In winter's just return, was also construed to 
 be made indeed by a shepheard. What should I stand 
 much in rehersal how the L. Vaux his dittie beginning 
 thus, / loth that I did love, was thought by some to 
 be made upon his death-bed; and that the Soulknil of 
 Mr. Edwards was also written in extremitie of sick- 
 ness." 
 
 These trifling memoranda, as reflecting the opinions 
 of our forefathers, are yet worth preserving, and do 
 well as notes to the poems they refer to. *' Let us 
 cast nothing away," says Pandarus, '* for we know 
 not the use we may have for it." O. G. G. 
 
 Art. III. " Here legynnith thejirstevoliim of Sir 
 John Froissari, of the Crony cles of Englandsy 
 Fraunce, Spayne, Portyngale, Scotlande, Bretaine, 
 Flaunders : a7id other places adjoynynge. Trans- 
 lated oute ofFrenche into our mater all * Englyshe 
 tongue, ly John Boucliier Knyghte, Lord Berjiers ; 
 at the corn aundement ofoure moste hyghe redo?ibtcd 
 soveraygne Lorde Kynge Henry the Eyghth Kynge 
 of Englande, Fraunce, and Irelande, defendour of 
 the faith : and of the church of Englande, arid also 
 of Irelande i i?i earth the supreme heade," 
 
 * sic. 
 
 Oa 
 
On the back of the title are the King's arms. Next 
 follows " The Preface of John Bouchier Knight, Lord 
 Berners, translatour of this present cronicle," which 
 fills one leaf, at the bottom of the second side of which 
 is " Thus endeth the preface of Syr John Bouchier 
 Knight Lord Berners, traalatour of this present croni- 
 cle. And hereafter foloweth the table, with all the 
 chapters as they stande in the b.oke in order, fro one to 
 foiire hundred li. whiche be in numbre cccc and li. 
 chapiters." The whole contains fo.cccxxii, besides 
 preface and contents. The Colophon, ** Thus endeth 
 the firste volume of Sir Johan Froissart," &c. Im- 
 printed at London in Fletestrete at the sygne of the 
 George, by Wyllyam Myddylton." 
 
 ** Here legijnnetli the thirde and fourthe lake of 
 Sir John Froissart of the cronycles of Evglande, 
 Prauncey Spaygne, Portyngale, Scotlande, Bre- 
 tayne, Flainiders, aiid other places adjoynyngy 
 translated out of Frenc he into Engly she by Johan 
 Bourchier Knyght Lorde Berners, deputie generall 
 of the Kynges towne of Calais and Marchesse 
 of the same, at the com aun dement of our most 
 highe redouted soverayjie lorde Kyng Henry the 
 eyght Kynge of Englande and of France and 
 hyghe defender of the Chris te?i fail he, &c." 
 
 On the back of this leaf is the King's arms as to the 
 first volume. Then the preface and a table of the con- 
 tents of cc xLix chapters. This volume contains Fo. 
 cccxx, though numbered only cccxix, which num- 
 ber was repeated by mistake. Colophon," Thus endeth 
 tiie thirde and fourthe boke of Sir John Froiffart" Sec. 
 n *' the 
 
ii8 
 
 •* the whlche two bokes be copyled into one volunlf; 
 and fynysshed in the sayd towne of Calais the tenth day 
 of Marche, in the i6th yere of our said soverayne 
 lordes raigne. Imprinted at London in Fletestrete by 
 Rycharde Pynson, printer to the kynges moost noble 
 grace. And ended the last day of August : the yere 
 of our Lordc God. mdxxv. 
 
 Cum privylegio h rcge indulto.'* 
 
 At the back of the last page is Pynson's device. 
 No. y, supposed to be his arms, * 
 
 * Herbert fays, " 'William Mi<ldleton inlntcd both volumes of Proissart, 
 feut the type is much ruder than Pynson's. Mr. Ames's copy had only the 
 four last sheets of Pinson's edition, and having his colophon at the end, 
 made Ames suppose the whole last volume had been Pinson's ; and that 
 Middleton printed only the first volume." " There appear" Herbei t after- 
 wards adds, " to have been three editions of Froissart's Chronicle ; one by 
 Pinsoii himself, another with Pinson's name, but supposed to be a pirated 
 edition, and a third by W. Middleton ; of this it has been queried whether 
 he ever primed any more than the first volume. I had a copy of it which 
 had been Mr. Ames's; the title like the late Dr. Archer's cojjy, but had 
 the king''s arms, &:c. on the back, and the colophon with Middleton's name 
 without date. The title of the second volume had neither compartment 
 nor border, ;md the back page blank. The remainder of this Volume to 
 Fo.cccxii inclusive is printed on the same rude types as the first volJime, 
 except the last eight leaves, wliich are on much neater types, with the colo- 
 phon in Piuaon's name, printed on types of the same size as the chronicle, 
 the lines gradually shortening, &c. This is supposed to be jiart of the pirated 
 edition : the other edition with Pinson's name, differs from it, particularly 
 in this respedl, that the lines of the colophon are of equal length, and of a 
 larger fize. I imagine ihere were no more entire editions than these three, 
 but the making up copies from one or another of these may seem to mul- 
 tiply editions greatly. I have seen Pinson's cditjon with the last le.u" re- 
 printed on modern black letter, copied from tlie supposed spurious edition, 
 but dated MDXXIII."— Herberts p. 1790. 
 
 «* Sir 
 
119 
 
 ** Sir John Froissart^s Chronicle of England^ 
 France, and the adjoining countries, from the lat- 
 ter part of the reign of Edward II. to the coro- 
 nation of Henry IK Newly translated from, the 
 lest French editions^ ndth variations and additions, 
 front, many celebrated Manuscripts. 
 
 By Thomas Johnes. 
 
 Who so shall telle a tale after a man. 
 
 He moste reherse, as neighe as ever he can, 
 
 Everich word, if it be in his charge. 
 
 All speke he never so rudely and so large j 
 
 Or else he moste tellen his tale untrewe. 
 
 Or feinen thlnges, or finden wordes ncwe. 
 
 Chaucer's Pkologue. 
 
 Vol. I. At the Hafod press, by James Henderson, 
 1803, 4to. pp. 835, with a dedication to Lord Thur- 
 low, and a short advertisement, dated from Hafod, 
 24 Dec. 1803. 
 
 The same — Vol. II. 1804, pp. 744. 
 
 There is a good account of Lord BernerS's translation 
 by Oldys in the " British Librarian," p. 6'], in which 
 he says " if Froissart has not hitherto received the 
 honour of being printed at the Louvre with some other 
 historians, according to the proposal of the learned 
 Monsieur Du Fresne, in Lc Long, Bibl. Hist, p, 235, 
 upon the national motive of praising his own country 
 too little, and ours too much, (see La Popeliniere, 
 Hist, dcs Hist. lib. 8, and Budin Meth. Hist. c. 4) 
 these reasons, with the extraordinary dearness of the 
 printed copies, should excite some learned person of 
 this kingdom, for the reputation of our own country, 
 
 to 
 
t20 
 
 to collate the MS. copies, compare the facts with 
 records, and contemporary writers, and correct the 
 miserable mis- spellings in the several impressions of 
 their surnames, who abundantly signalized their valour, 
 in justice to the merits of these celebrated persons, and 
 in honour to their posterity. The most ancient of these 
 impressions in French seems to be that printed by 
 Ant. Verard, a bookseller of Paris, fol. without date. 
 The next was that printed also at Paris by three seve- 
 ral persons, that is, the first volume by Fra. Regnauld, 
 the second and third by Michael Le Noir, ^505. The 
 fourth by John Petit, 1518. There was another im- 
 pression at Paris by Ant. Couteau, also bound in two 
 volumes, fol. 1530. This was that chiefly used by 
 Denis Sauvage, Historiographer to King Hen. 11. of 
 France, in the edition he revised and corrected from 
 many copies and abridgments; which was printed at 
 Lyons by John de Tournes, fol. 1559, and again, at 
 Paris, in fol. 1574? with marginal remarks, and anno- 
 tations at the end of every book. He finds fault with 
 the preceding Editors, several parts of whom he may 
 have rightly corrected, but is himself liable in many- 
 places to correction ; notAvithstanding he has been so 
 preferred, that a copy of his edition has been sometimes 
 sold in London for ten guineas. We could wish that 
 most of the errors in these French editions were as 
 truly corrected in the English one, as Bishop Nichol- 
 son imagined ihey were, fn three of the editions we 
 have seen, neither the books nor the chapters are di- 
 vided alike ; so that It is very tedious and confusing to 
 find in one of them the references of the other. Though 
 Froissart's method is somewhat diffuse and interrupted, 
 yet the epitome we have of him in print is scarce 
 
 worth 
 
worth mentioning, however drawn up by Sleidan, such 
 a skeleton he has made of it, i2mo Franc. 1584, &c. 
 and with such partiality, to the prejudice of the English, 
 has he so diminished it; according to the censure of 
 our learned Humphrey Lhuid in Comment. Brit, 
 Descrip. fol. 27. And yet it has been translated into 
 English by P. Goldiug, and printed in a 4to pamphlet, 
 i5o8." 
 
 Sir John Bourchier, Lord Berners, was born about 
 1467, son and heir of Sir Humphry Bourchier by 
 Elizabeth daughter and heir of Sir Frederick Tilney, 
 (widow of Sir Thomas Howard) which Humphrey was 
 slain at Barnet-field, on Edward the Fourth's part, and 
 buried in Westminster-Abbey, during the life of hi:; 
 father, who was Sir John Bourchier, K. G. fourth son 
 of William Earl of Ewe, and Baron Berners, by mar- 
 riage with Margery, daughter and heir of Richard 
 Lord Berners. Lord Bourchier succeeded his grand- 
 father 16 May, 1474, being then only seven years old. 
 He was educated at Oxford, and afterwards travelled 
 abroad, and returned a master of several languages, 
 and a complete gentleman. In 1495 he obtained the 
 notice of Henry VIL by his valour in quelling the 
 fury of the rebels in Cornwall and Devon, under the 
 conduct of Michael Joseph, a blacksmith. In 5 Hen. 
 VIII. he was captain of the pioneers at the siege of 
 Therouenne. In 6 Hen. VIII. being made Chancel- 
 lor of the King's Exchequer for life he attended the 
 Lady Mary, the King's sister, into France, to her mar- 
 riage with King Lewis XII. ; and in 19 Hen. VIII. 
 obtained a grant from the king of several manors. 
 Afterwards he was made Lieutenant of Calais and the 
 
 K marches 
 
marches adjoining in France, and spending most of 
 his time there, wrote several learned works in that 
 situation. There he made his will, 3 March, 1532, 
 (24 Hen. VIIl.) bequeathing his body to be buried in 
 the chancel of the parish church of our Lady, within 
 the town of Calais, and appointing that an honest 
 priest should sing a mass there for his soul, by the 
 space of three years. He died 1 6th March following, 
 leaving by Katharine his wife daughter of John Duke 
 of Norfolk, Joane his daughter and heir, married to 
 Edmund Knyvet of Ashwelthorpe in Norfolk, Esq.* 
 
 Lord Berners translated besides Froissart, the fol- 
 lowing : 
 
 *^ The Castle of Love, translated out of Spanyshe 
 into Englyshe, by John Bowrchier, Knyght, Lord 
 Bernes, at the instance of the Lady Elyzabcth Carew, 
 which book treatcth of love betvveene Leriano and 
 Laureola, daughter to the King of Masedonia^" with 
 cuts — Twelves; Printed by Robert Wyer. f 
 
 The same *' Imprinted at London by John Kynge, 
 8vo. X 
 
 * Dugd. Bar. II. 133. Wood's Ath. I. 33. Ljrd Berners had another 
 daughter and co-heir, Mary, who married Alexander Unton of Wadley in 
 Berkshiie, but died without issue. Lord Beiners's will is printed at length in 
 the case of the Barony of Berners in CoUins's Baronies in Fee, 1734, Fol. 
 p.- 337, where it appears that Jane Berners who married Edmund Knyvet, 
 died 1561, having had JohnK. who, by Agnes Harcourt, had SirThomasK, 
 who died 1617, having had by Muriel Parry, Sir Thomas K. who dying 
 i6o5,leftby Elizabeth Bacon, Thomas K.. who died 1658, leaving by Ka- 
 th.nine sister and co-heir to Thomas Burgh, Lord Burgh, Sir John Knyvet of 
 Ashwelthorpe, K. B. whose daughter and at length sole heir Katharine 
 marrying first John Harri^, Gent, and afterwards Richard Bokenham, of 
 Weston Mercate, Co. Suff. Esq. claimed and was allowed the Barony of 
 Beincrs, 1720, but died s. p. 
 
 t Herbert, I. 380. t Ibid II. 764, 
 
 "The 
 
123 
 
 ^' The Golden Boke of Marcus Aurellus Emperour 
 and eloquent oratour." At the end, '^ Thus endeth 
 the volume of Marke Aurelie, Emperour, otherwise 
 called the golden boke, translated out of Frenche into 
 £no;lishe by John Bourchier Knio;ht Lorde Earners, 
 deputie generall of the Kynge's town of Caieis and 
 marches of the same, at the instaunt desire of his 
 nevewe Sir Frauncis Bryan Knighte, ended at Calais 
 ye tenth daie of Marche, in the yere of the reigne of 
 -our Soveraygne lorde Kyng Henry the VIII. the 
 XXIIII." Printed by Thomas Berthelet, 1534.* 
 
 '^ Arthur of Brytayn." On a ribbon; under which 
 *' The hystory of the moost noble and valyaunt Knyght 
 Arthur of lytell brytayne, translated out of frenshe into 
 caglyslie by the noble Johan bourghcher Knyght, 
 lorde Barners, newly imprynted." Over a cut of the 
 Knight and his Squire, inclosed in a border of four 
 odd pieces. On the back is the translator's prologue. 
 On the next leaf begins '^ The table of thys present 
 hystoric," ten pages, double columns. Contains 
 174 leaves, with cuts, though numbered only Fol. 
 LXix. " Here endeth the hystory of Arthur of lytell 
 Brytayne. Imprynted at London in Powles churche 
 yearde at the sygne of the Cock by Robert Red- 
 borne." t 
 
 Lord Berners also wrote " The famous exploits of 
 Sir Hugh of Bourdeaux," a book *' of the duties of the 
 inhabitantsof Calais," Sec. " Tte invineam," acomedy 
 usually acted at Calais after vespers, never printed. % 
 
 Mr. 
 
 * Herbert, I. 425. f Ibid II. 686. 
 
 J Royal ani] noble authors. Dame Juliana Berners author of the book oq 
 K z Hawkingf 
 
154 
 
 Mr. Johnes, the new translator of Froissart, is a man 
 of fortune, of whose beautiful seat at Hafod descrip- 
 tions may be found in many modern tours j and is 
 M. P. for the county of Carmarthen. 
 
 A specimen of each translation of the same chapter 
 may exhibit the fairest character of both. 
 
 THE DEATH OF SIR JOHN CHANDOS. 
 
 FKOM LORD BF.RNEKS's TRANSLATION, VOL. I. CH.CCLXX. 
 
 *^ Hoiv Sir Johan Chaundos zvas slayne in a latoyle^ 
 and } LOU' e Jin ally the Fremhemen were diseomfytcd^ 
 and taken in the same latuyh\" 
 
 Greatly it greved Sir Johan Chandos the takynge 
 of saynt Salvyii;, bycause it was under hys rule ; for 
 he was senescball of Poictou. ITe set all hys mynde 
 howe he myght recover it agayne, other by force or 
 by stelthe, he cared nat so he myght have it, and for 
 that entent dyvers nyghts he made sundrie bussh- 
 mentes, but it aveyled nat. For sir Loyes who kept 
 it, toke ever so good hede therto, that he defended it 
 fro all dangers. For he knewe well the takvng: 
 therof greved sore sir Johan Chandos at the hcrt. Sa 
 it fell, that the night before the first day of January, 
 sir Johan Chandos boynge in Poy tiers, sent to assemble 
 togydcr dyvers barons, knyghtes, and squyers of Poitous. 
 Desyrlng them to come to hym as prively as they 
 coude : for he ccrteyned them how he wolde ryde 
 forthe, and they refused nat hys desyre, for they loved 
 
 Hawking, Hunting, and Armoury, I4S1 , was sister to Richard Lord Berners, 
 whose daughter was this author's grandmother. Sir Francis Bryan was dis- 
 tinjuished for his pcctical talents. 
 
 him. 
 
1^5 
 
 "him enlyerly, but shortely assembled tog)'der in the 
 cyte of Poictcrs. Thyder came sir Guysshard Dangle, 
 sir Loves Harcourt, the lorde of Pons, the lorde of 
 Partney, the lorde of Pynan, the lorde tanyboton, sir 
 GefFray Dargenton, su* Maubruny of Leniers, sir 
 Thomas Percy, syr Baudwyn of Fesvyll, sir Rycharde 
 of Pontchardon, and dyvers other. And whan they 
 were all togyder assembled, they were thre hundred 
 speares and departed by night fro Foicticrs, none knewc 
 w'hvder they should go : except certayne of the lordes, 
 and they had redy with them bcalyng ladders, and so 
 came to saynt Salvyn. And there alighted, and 
 delyvered their horses to their varlettcs which was 
 about mydnight, and so entred into the dyke, yet they 
 hadde nat their entente so shortely, for sodaynly they 
 herde the watche home blowe. I shall tell you wher- 
 fore it blewe. The same nyght Carlonct was departed 
 fro the Roche of Poisay, with a xl speares with hvm. 
 And was come the same tyme to saynt Salvyn, to 
 speke with the capitayne Sir Loys of saint Julyan, to 
 thentent to have ryden togyder to Poictou, to se if 
 they coude gette any pray. And so he called up the 
 watchman, thewhiche made hym to sounde hys home. 
 And so the englyshmcn, who were on the other 
 syde of the fortrcsse, hcrynge the watche blowe, and 
 great noysc in the place, feared lest they had ben 
 spyed by some spyes, for they knewe nothyng that the 
 sayd frenchemen were on the other syde, to have en- 
 tred into the place. Therforc they withdruc backe agayne 
 out of the dykes, and sayd, let us go hens for this night, 
 for we have failed of our purpose. And so they re- 
 mounted on their horses, and retourned hole togy-der 
 to Chauvigny on the ryver of Cruse, a tvvoleagcs thens. 
 
 K 3 Than 
 
126 
 
 Than the poictevyns dcmaunded of sir Johan Chandos, 
 if he wolde commaunde them any farther servyce, he 
 answered and sayde: sirs, retourne home agayne whan 
 it please you, in the name of God : and as for thys 
 day, I wyll abyde styll here in thys towne. So there 
 departed theKnyghtes of Poictou and some of England, 
 to the nombre of cc spcares. Than Sir Johan Chan- 
 dos went into a house, and caused to he made a good 
 fyre, and there was siyll with hym sir Thomas Percy 
 and hys company seneschall of Roclieli, wlio sayde to 
 sir Johan Chandos, sir, it is your entent to tary liere 
 all this day. Ye, truly, quod he, w hy demaunded you ? 
 sir, the cause I dcsyre you is, sith ye wyll nat styre this 
 daye, to gyve me levc, and I wyll ryde some way with 
 my company, to se if I can fynde any adventure. Go 
 your way, sir, in the name of God, quod Sir Johan 
 Chandos. And so departed sir Thomas Percy with a 
 XXX speares in his company, and so passed the bridge 
 at Chauvignv, and toke the longe way that leddc to 
 Poictiers. And sir John Chandos abode styll bchynde 
 full of displeasure, in that he had fayled of his purpose, 
 and so stode in a kechyn warmynge him by the fyre. 
 And his servantes jangeled with him, to thentent to 
 bring him out of his melancholy. His servants had 
 prepared for him a place to reste him ; than he de- 
 maunded if it were nere day ? And therewith there 
 came a man into the house, and came before hym and 
 sayd, sir, I have brought you tidyngcs. — What be they, 
 tell me ? — sir, surely the frenchmen be rydinge abrode.— r- 
 Howe knowcst thou that? said he ; — I departed fro 
 Saynt Salvyn with them. — What waye be they ryden ? 
 —sir, I can nat tell you the certentie^ but surely they 
 
 toke 
 
i2y 
 
 toke the high way to Poiters. — What frenchemen be 
 they J canst thou tell me? sir, it is sir Loys of Saynt 
 Julyan, and Carlonet the breton. — Well, quod sir 
 Johan Chandos, I care nat-, I have no lyst this night 
 to ryde forthe : they may happe to be encountred 
 thoughe I be nat there. And so he taryed there styll 
 a certayne space in a gret study, and at last whan he 
 had well advysed hymselfe, hesayde, whatsoever I have 
 sayde here befor, I trowe it be good that I ryde forthe ; 
 I must retourne to Polctcrs, and anone it wyll be daye. 
 That is true, sir, quod the knights about him. Than 
 he sayd, make redy, for I wyll ryde forthe ; and so 
 they dyd, and mounted on their horses, and departed, 
 and toke the right way to Poicters costynge the ryver, 
 and the frenchmen the same tyme were nat past a leag 
 before hym in the same way, thinkynge to passe the 
 ryver at the bridge of Lusac. There the englyshmen 
 had knoulege howe they were in thetrakcof the french- 
 men, for the frenchmen's horses cryed and brayed, 
 bycause of thenglysshe horses, that were before them 
 with sir Thomas Percy. And anone it was fayre light 
 daye, for in the begynnyng of January the mornyngs 
 be soone light. And whan the frenchmen and bretons 
 were within aleageofthe bridge, they percyved on the 
 other syde of the bridge sir Thomas Percy and his 
 company : and he lykewise perceyved the frenchmen, 
 and rode as fast as he might to get the advantage of the 
 bridge. And sayd, beholde yonder frenchmen be a 
 great nt)rab re agaynste us, therfore let us take the 
 avantage of the bridge. And whan sir Loys and Car- 
 lonet sawe thenglysshemen make suche hast to gette 
 the brydge, they dyde in lyke wyse. Howbeit the 
 englisshemen gate it firi^t, and lighted all afore, and so 
 K 4 raynged 
 
158 
 
 raynged themselfe in good order to defcnde the bridge. 
 The frenchmen likewyse lighted a fote, and delyvered 
 their horses to their pages, cominautid^ngc them to 
 dravve a backe. And so dyde put themselfe in good 
 order to go and assayle thenglisshemen, who kept them- 
 selfe close togider, and were nothvnge afrayed : though 
 they were but a handfull of men, as to the regard of the 
 frenchmen. And thus as the frenchmen and bretons 
 stayed and yma^ined, howc and by what meanes to 
 their advantage they might assayle the cnglysshemen, 
 'therewith there came behynde them sir Johan Chan- 
 dos, his baner displayed, berynge therein, sylver, a 
 sharpe pyle goules, and Jakes of Lery, a valyant man 
 of armes dyd here it: and he had with him a xi, 
 speares : he approched fiersly the frenchmen. And 
 whan he was a thre forlonges fro the bridge, the french 
 paoes who sawe them comynge, were afrayed; and so 
 ran away with the horses, and left their maysters there 
 a fote. And whan sir Johan Chandos was come ncre 
 to them, he sayde, hark ye, frenchmen, ye are but yvcll 
 men of warre : ye ride at youre pleasure and ease day 
 and night; ye take and wyn townes and forteresses in 
 Poyctou, whereof I am seneschall. Ye raunsome poore 
 folke without my leave; ye ryde all about clene armed: 
 it shulde seem the countrie is all yours. But I ensure 
 you it is nat so. Ye sir Loyes and Carlonet, ye ar to 
 great maisters. It is more than a yere and a halfe that 
 I have sette all myne entent to fynde or encountre 
 with you ; and nowe I thanke God I se you and speke 
 to you ; nowe shall it be sene who is stronger, other 
 you or I. It hath ben shewed me often tymes, that 
 ye have greatly dcsyred to fynde me ; nowe ye mave 
 se me here, I am Johan Chandos, advyse me well. 
 
 Your 
 
1^9 
 
 Your great feates of armes wherwith ye he renowmed, 
 by goddes leave nowe we shall prove it. Whyle suche 
 langage was spoken, Johaii sir Chandos company 
 drewe toguyder ; and sir Loyes and Carlonet kept 
 themselfe close togyder, niakynge seniblant to be glad 
 to be fought withall. And of all this mater sir Thomas 
 Percy, who was on the other syde of the bridge, knevve 
 nothynge ; for the bridge wa« highe in the myddes, so 
 that none coude se over. Whyle sir Johan Chandos 
 reasoned thus with the frenchmen, there vias a breton 
 toke his glayve, and coude forbere no lengcr, but came 
 to an englysh squyer, called Sunekyn Dodall, and 
 strake him on the brest that he cast him downe fro 
 his horse. Sir Johan Chandos, whan he hcrde the 
 noyse besyde him, he tourned that way, and sawe his 
 squyer lye on the erthe, and the frenchmen layenge on 
 him. Than he was more chafed than he was before, 
 and sayd to his company, sirs, howe suffre you this 
 squyere thus to be slayne : a fote, a fote. And so he 
 lepte a fote, and all his company, and so Sunekyn was 
 rescued, and the batayle begone. Sir Johan Chandos, 
 who was right hardy, and a coragyous knight, with his 
 baner before him, and his company about him, with 
 his cote of armes on him great and large beten with 
 his armes of whyte sarcenet, with two pylles goules, 
 one before and another behynde, so that he semed to 
 be a sufficyente knyght to do a great feate of armes; 
 and as one of theformast with his glayve in his hande, 
 marched to his enemyes. The same mornyng there 
 had fallen a great dewe, so that the grownde was 
 somwhat moysie, and so in his goynge forwarde he 
 slode and fell downe at the joyninge with his ene^ 
 myes ; and as be was arysing, there light a stroke on 
 
 bim. 
 
130 
 
 him, given by a squier called Jakes of Sayiite Mar- 
 tyn with his glayve j the which stroke enlred into the 
 fleshe under his eye, bytwene the nose and the forheed. 
 Sir Johan Chandos sawe nat the stroke commynge on 
 that fide ; for he was biynde on the one eye. He lost 
 the sight thereof a fyve yere before as he hunted after 
 an harte, in the landes of Burdeaux. And also he 
 had on no vyser. The stroke was rude, and entred 
 into his brayne, the whiche stroke greved him so sore, 
 that he ov^erthruc to the erthc, and tourned for payne 
 two tymes up so downc, as he that was wounded to 
 dethe : for after the (Iroke he never spake vvorde. And 
 whan his men sawe that mysfortunc, they were right 
 dolorouse. Than his uncle Edwarde CIvftorde stepte 
 and bestrode him, for the frenchmen wolde fayne 
 have had him ; and defended him so valvantly, and 
 gave rounde about him such strokes tiiat none durst 
 aproche nere to him. Also sir Johan Chambo and 
 sir Bertram of Case scmed lyke men out of their 
 minds, whan they saw their mayster lye on the erthe. 
 The bretons and frenchmen were gretly comforted 
 whan they sawe the capitayne of their enemyes on the 
 erthe, thynkynge verily that he had his dethe's 
 woundc. Than they avaunced themsclfe, and sayd. 
 Ye cnglysh men vcclde you, for ye are all ours; ye 
 can nat scape us. T'here the englyshmen dyd mar- 
 veyls in amies, as well to defende themsclfe, as to 
 reveng their mayster sir Johan Chandos, whome they 
 saw lye in a harde cas(? : and a squyer of sir John 
 Chandos spyed Jaqucs of Saynte Martyn, who hadde 
 gyven his mayster his mortall stroke, and ran to hym 
 liersly and stroke him with such vyolcnce, that his 
 glayve pearsed through bothe his thyesj hovvebeit 
 
 for 
 
for all that stroke he left nat styll to fight. If Sir 
 Thomas Percy and his company had knowen of this 
 adventure, who were on the other syde of the hrige, 
 they shulde well have socoured him: but bycause they 
 knewe nothynge therof, nor hcrde no more of the 
 frenchmen, wenyng to them they had ben gone backe. 
 Therfore he and his company departed, and toke tlie 
 waye to Poycters, as they that knewe nothynge of that 
 busynesse. Thus the englyshmcn fought styll before 
 the bridge of Lusal, and there was done many a feat of 
 armes : brevely the englyshcmen coude endure no 
 lenger agaynste the frenchmen, so that the moost 
 parte of them were disconfytcd and taken; but al- 
 wayes I^dwarde ClyfForde wolde nat dcparte fro his 
 nephue there as he laye. So thus vf the frenchmen 
 hadde bene so happy, as to have had their horses there 
 redy as they had nat, for their pages were ronnc awaye 
 fro them before, or els they might have departed with 
 moche honour and profile with many a good prisoner; 
 and for lacke of them they loste all^ wherfore thev 
 were sore displeased, and sayd amonge themselfe. A, 
 this an yvell order, for the journeye is ours, and yee, 
 throughe faute of our pao-es we can nat departe, seynge 
 we be hevy armed and sore traveyled, so that we can 
 nat go a fote throughe this countre, the whiche is full 
 of our enemyes, and contrary to us. And we are a 
 sixe leages fro the next forieresse that we have; and 
 also dyvers of our company be sore hurt, and we maye 
 nat leave theym behynde us. Thus as they were in 
 this case, and wyst nat what to do, and had sent two 
 bretons unarmed in to the feldes, to se yf they mioht 
 fynde any of their pages with their horse=, there came 
 
 oa 
 
135 
 
 t>n them sir Guyssliarde Dangle, sir Loves Harcourte, 
 the lorde Parteney, the lorde Tanyboton, the lorde 
 Dargenton, the lorde of Pynan, sir Jaques of Surgyers, 
 and dyvers other englysshmen, to the nombre of two 
 hundrid spcares, who rode about to soke for the french- 
 men J for it was shewed them howe they were abrode. 
 And so they fell in the trake of the horses, and came 
 in great hast with baners and penons wavynge in the 
 wynde. And as sone as the bretons and frenchmen 
 sawe them comynge, they knewe well they were their 
 enemy es. Than they sayde to the englysshmen 
 whome they had taken as prisoners before, Sirs, be- 
 holde yonder cometh a bande of your company to so- 
 cour you, and we perceyve well that we can nat endure 
 against them, and \e be our prisoners. We will quyte 
 you, so that ye wyl kept? us and wyll become your 
 prisoners, for we have rather yelde us to you, than to 
 them that cometh yonder j and they aunsweicd, as ye 
 wyll, so we are content. 
 
 Thus the englysshmen were losed out of their pri- 
 sons. Than the Poictevins, Gascoyns, and Englyssh- 
 men came on them, their speares in their rcstes, 
 cryeng their cryes. Then the Frenchmen and Bretons 
 drue a syde and sayd to them. Sirs, leave, do us no 
 hurt, we be prisoners all redy. 
 
 The englysshmen affirmed the same, and sayd, they 
 be our prisoners. Carlonet was prisoner with sir 
 Bertram of Case, and sir Loyes of Saynt Julyan with 
 sir Johan Cambo ; so that there was none but that he 
 had a maister. 
 
 The 
 
^33 
 
 The barons and knyghtes of Poictou were sore dis- 
 conforted, when they sawe their seneschall sir Johan 
 Chandos lye on the yerthe, andcoude nat speke: than 
 they lamentably complayned, and sayd. A, sir Johan 
 Chandos, thefloure of all chivalry, unhappely was that 
 glayvc forged that thus hath wounded you, and brouo-ht 
 you in parell of dethe. They wepte pyteously that 
 were about hym, and he herde and understode 
 them well, but he coulde speake no worde. They 
 wronge their handes and teare their heares, and made 
 many a pytefull complaynt, and specially suche as 
 were of his owne house. Than his servauntes un- 
 armed hym and layde hym on pavesses, and so bare 
 hym softely to Mortymer, the next forteresse to them. 
 And the other barons and knyghtes returned to Poyc- 
 ters, and ledde with them their prisoners. And as I 
 understode, the same Jaques Martyn, that thus hurte 
 sir Johan Chandos, was so lytell taken hede to of his 
 burtes, that he dyed at Poyctersi And this noble 
 knyght, sir Johan Chandos, lyved nat after his hurte, 
 past a day and a nyght, but so dyed : God have mercy 
 on his soule, for in a hundred yere after, there was nat 
 a more curtesse, nor more fuller of noble vcrtues, and 
 good condycions amonge theenglysshmcn than he was. 
 And whan the prince and princesse, the erle of Cam- 
 bridge, the erle of Pembrouke, and other barons and 
 knyghtes of Englande, such as were in Guyen, herde 
 of his dethe, they were all disconforted, and sayd, they 
 had lost all on that syde of the see. For his dethe his 
 frendes, and also some of his enemyes, were ryoht sor- 
 rowfull. The englysshmen loved him, bycause all 
 noblenesse was founde in hym. The frenchmen hated 
 hyp, bycause they douted hym. Yet I herde his 
 
 dethe 
 
t34 
 
 dethe greatly complayncd among ryglit noble and va- 
 lyant knyghtes of France, sayenge that it was a great 
 (lommage of his deathe, for they sayde, better it had 
 ben, that he had ben taken a lyve. For if he had ben 
 taken alyve, they sayde he was so sage and so ymagi- 
 natyve, that he wolde have foVinde som maner of good 
 meanes, wherby the peace myght have ensued, by- 
 tween the realmes of Englande and Fraunce, for he 
 was so well beloved with the kyng of Englande, that 
 the kynge wolde belevc hym rather than any other in 
 the worlde. Thus bothe frcnche and'englysshe spake 
 of his dethe, and specially the englisshemen j for by 
 hym Gnyen was kept and recovered. 
 
 THE DEATH OF SIR JOHN CHANDOS. 
 
 FKOM MR. JOHNEs's TRANSLATION, VOL. II. CHAP.IX, 
 
 Sir John Chandos is slain in a skirmish. The French^ 
 atjirst victorious^ are in the end defeated. 
 
 Sir John Chandos, being seneschal of Poitou, was 
 seriously afflicted with the loss of St. Salvin : he was 
 continually devising means to retake it, whether by 
 assault or scalade was perfectly indifferent to him, so 
 that he could gain it. He made many nightly am- 
 buscades, but none succeeded; for sir Louis, who 
 commanded in it, was very watchful, as he knew the 
 i:apture of it had highly angered sir John Chandos. 
 
 It happened that, on the night preceding the eve of 
 the new year (i ^70) sir John Chandos, vvho resided in 
 the city of Poitiers, had sent out his summons to the 
 barons and knights of Poitou to come to him as se- 
 cretly as they could, for he was going on an expedi- 
 3 tion. 
 
^35 
 
 tion. The Poitevlns would not refuse him any thing, 
 being much beloved by them : they obeyed his sum- 
 mons, and came to Poitiers. Sir Guiscand d' Angle, 
 sir Louis de Harcourr, the lords de Pons, de Pinane, 
 deTannybouton, sir Geoffry d'Argenton, sir Maubrun 
 de Linicres, lord Thomas Percy, sir Baldwin de Fran- 
 ville*, sir Richard dc Pontchardon, came thither, with 
 many others. 
 
 When they were all assembled, they were full three 
 hundred lances. 
 
 They left Poitiers in the night, and no one, except 
 the principal lords, knew whither they were going. 
 The English, however, had scaling ladders, and every 
 thing they might have occasion for, with them. They 
 marched to St. Salvin; and when there arrived, were 
 told what was intended : upon which they all dis- 
 mounted, and, giving the horses to their valets, the 
 English descended into the ditch. It was then about 
 midnight. 
 
 They were in this situation, and would very shortly 
 have succeeded in their expedition, when they heard 
 the guard of the fort wind his horn. The reason was 
 this. That very night Garnet le Breton had come 
 from La-Roche-posay, with forty lances, to St. Salvin, 
 to request sir Louis de St.Julien to accompany him 
 in an expedition to Poitou: he therefore awakened the 
 guard and those within the fort. 
 
 The English, who were on the opposite side, igno- 
 rant of the intentions of this body of Frenchmen want-^ 
 ing to enter the fort, thought they had been seen by 
 the guard, or that spies had given information of their 
 
 * Qu Frevillc ? Editor. 
 
 arrival 
 
1^6 
 
 arrival to the garrison. They Immediately left the 
 ditch, and said, " Let us away, for this night we have 
 been disappointed in our scheme." They mounted 
 their horses, and advanced in a body to Chauvigny 
 on the river Creuse, two short leagues distant. 
 
 When all were arrived there, the Poitevins asked 
 sir John Chandos if he wished them to remain with 
 him: he answered, "No; you may return in God's 
 name; I will to-day stay in this town." The Poitevins 
 departed, and with them some english knights ', in all, 
 about two hundred lances. 
 
 Sir John Chandos entered a hotel, and ordered a 
 fire to be lighted. Lord Thomas Percy, seneschal of 
 La Rochelle, and his men remained with him. Lord 
 Thomas asked sir John Chandos if he intended stay- 
 ing there that day : " Yes," replied sir John : " Why 
 do you ask?" *' Because, Sir, if you be determined 
 not to go further, I shall beg of you to give me leave 
 to make an excursion, to see if I shall meet with any 
 adventure." *' In the name of God, go then," replied 
 sir John. At these words, lord Thomas Percy set 
 out, attended by about thirty lances. Sir John Chandos 
 remained with his own people. Lord Thomas crossed 
 the bridge of Chauvigny, taking the longest road to 
 Poitiers, having left sir John Chandos quite low 
 spirited for having failed in his intended attack on 
 St. Salvin. He continued in the kitchen of the hotel, 
 warming himself at a straw fire which his herald was 
 making for him, conversing at the same time with his 
 people, who very readily passed their jokes in hopes of 
 curing him of his melancholy. 
 
 After he had remained some time, and was prepar- 
 ing to take a iiitle rest, and while he was asking if it 
 
 were 
 
were yet day, a man entered the hotel, and came be 
 fore him, saying, " My lord, I bring you news." 
 "What is it?" asked sir John. " My lord, the 
 French have taken the field." ** How dost thou know 
 this?" ''My lord, I set out from St. Salvin with 
 them." " And what road have they taken ?" ♦'^ Mv 
 lord, that I cannot say for a certainty; but it seemed 
 to me they followed the road to Poitiers." " And who 
 ^re these French?" " My lord, they are sir Louis de 
 St. Julien and Garnet le Breton, with their companies." 
 <' Well, it is indifferent to me," replied Sir John: 
 '* I have not any inclination to exert myself this day : 
 they may be met with wilhoijt my interference." 
 
 He remained a considerable time very thoughtful : 
 afier having well considered, he added, " Notwith- 
 standing what I have just said, I think I shall do right 
 to mount my horse; for at all events I must return to 
 Poitiers, and it will be soon dav." *' It is well 
 judged," replied the knights who v^^ere with him. Sir 
 John ordered every thing to be got ready, and his 
 knights having done the same, they mounted and set 
 off, taking the road to Poitiers, following the course of 
 the river. The French might be about a good league 
 before them on this same road, intending to cross the 
 river at the bridge of Lussac *. The English suspected 
 this from perceiving the tracks of the horses, and said 
 among themselves, " Either the French or lord Tho* 
 mas Percy are before us." Shortly after this conver- 
 sation, day appeared; for in the early part of January 
 the mornings begin to be soon light. The French 
 might be about a league from the bridge of Lussac, 
 
 * Lussac, a town mPoitcv, diocese of Pcitlets. 
 
 L wheji, 
 
when they perceived lord Thomas Percy and his mcrx 
 on the other side of the river. Lord Thomas had be- 
 fore seen them, and had set off full gallop to gain the 
 bridge. They said, " There are the French : they are 
 more in number than we are : let us hasten to take 
 advantage of the bridge." 
 
 When sir Lewis and Garnet saw the English on 
 the opposite side of the river, they also made haste to 
 gain the bridge : however, the English arrived first, 
 and were masters of it. They all dismounted, and 
 drew themselves up to defend and guard it. 
 
 The French likewise dismounted on their arrival, 
 and giving their horses for the servants to lead them 
 to the rear, took their lances, and advanced in good 
 order, to attack the English and win the bridge. The 
 English stood firm, although they were so few com- 
 pared with the enemy. 
 
 Whilst the French and Bretons were considering 
 the most advantageous manner to begin the onset, sir 
 John Chandos arrives with his company, his banner 
 displayed and flying in the wind. This was borne by 
 a valiant man at arms, called James Allen, and was a 
 pile gules on a field argent. They might be about forty 
 lances, who eagerly hastened to meet 'the French. As 
 the English arrived at a small hillock, about three fur- 
 longs from the bridge, the French servants, who were 
 between this hillock and the Ijridge, saw them, and 
 being much frightened, said, '« Come away : let us 
 save ourselves and our horses." They therefore ran 
 off, leaving their masters to shift as well as they 
 could. 
 
 When sir John Chandos, with displayed banner, 
 was come up to the French, whom lie thought very 
 
 lightly 
 
^39 
 
 lightly of, he began from horseback to rail at them, 
 saying, " Do you hear Frenchmen ? you are mis- 
 chievous men at arms; you make incursions night and 
 day at your pleasure ; you take towns and castles ia 
 Poitou, of which I am seneschal. You ransom poor 
 people without my leave, as if the country were your 
 own; but, by God, it is not. Sir Louis, sir Louis, 
 you and Carnet are too much the masters. It is up- 
 wards of a year and a half that 1 have been endeavour- 
 ing to meet you. Now, thanks to God, I do so, and 
 will tell you my mind. We will now try which of us 
 is the strongest in this country. It has been often 
 told me, that you were desirous of seeing me : vou 
 have now that pleasure. I am John Chandos : look 
 at me well: and, if God please, we will now put to 
 the proof your great deeds of arms which are so 
 renowned," 
 
 With such words as these did sir .John Chandos 
 greet them : he would not have wished to have beeij 
 any where else, so eager was he to fight with them. 
 
 Sir Louis and Carnet kept themselves in a close 
 bodv, as if they were willing to engage. Lord Thomas 
 Percy and the English on the other side of the bridge 
 knew nothing of what had passed, for the bridge was 
 very high in the middle, which prevented them from 
 seeing over it. 
 
 During this scoffing of sir John Chandos, a Breton 
 drew his sword, and could not resist from beginning 
 the battle : he struck an English scjuire, named Sim- 
 kin Dodenhale, and beat him so much about the 
 breast with his sword that he knocked him off his 
 horse on the ground. Sir John Chandos, who heard 
 the noise behind him, turned round, and saw his 
 
 L 2 souirg 
 
140 
 
 squire on the ground, and persons beating him. This 
 enraged him more than before : he said to his men, 
 " Sirs, what are you about ? how suffer you this man 
 to be slain? Dismount, dismount:" and at the in- 
 stant he was on foot, as were all his company. Sim-r 
 kin was rescued, and the battle began. 
 
 Sir John Chandos, who was a strong and bold 
 knight, and cool in all his undertakings, had his ban- 
 ner advanced before him, surrounded by his men, with 
 the scutcheon above his arms : he himself was dressed 
 in a large robe which fell to the ground, blazoned with 
 his arms on white sarcenet, argent, a pile gules; one 
 on his )jreast, and the other on his back ; so that he 
 appeared resolved on some adventurous undertaking; 
 and in this state, with sword in hand, he advanced on 
 foot towards the enemy. 
 
 This morning there had been a hoar frost, which 
 had made the ground slippery; so that as he marched 
 he entangled his legs with his robe, which was of the 
 longest, and made a stumble: during which time a 
 squire, called James de St. Martin (a strong expert 
 man) made a thrust at him with his lance, which hit 
 him in the face, below the eye, between the nose and 
 forehead. Sir John phandos did not see the aim of 
 the stroke, for he had lost the eye on that side five 
 years ago, on the heaths of Bourdeaux, at the chace 
 of a stag: what added to this misfortune, sir.Tohn had 
 had not put down his vizor, so that in stumbling he 
 bore upon the lance, and helped it to enter into him. 
 The lance, which fiad been struck from a strong arm, 
 hit him so severely that it entered as far as the brain, 
 and then the squire drew it back to him again. 
 
 The great pain was too much for sir John, so he 
 
 fell 
 
HI 
 
 fell to the ground, and turned twice over m great 
 agony, like one who had received his death-wound. 
 Indeed, since the blow he never uttered a word. His 
 people, on seeing this mishap, were like madmen » 
 His uncle, sir Edward Clifford, hastily advanced, and 
 striding over the body (for the French were endea- 
 vouring to get possession of it), defended it most va- 
 liantly, and gave such well-directed blows with his 
 sword that none dared approach him. Two other 
 knights, namely, sir John Chambo and sir Bertrand 
 de Cassilies*, were like men distracted at seeing their 
 master lie thus on the ground. 
 
 The Bretons, who were more numerous than the 
 English, were much rejoiced u'hen they saw their chief 
 thus prostrate, and greatly hoped he was mortally 
 wounded. They therefore advanced, crying out, " By 
 God, my lords of England, you will all stay with us, 
 for you cannot now escape." 
 
 The English performed wonderful feats of arms, as 
 well to extricate themselves from the danger they were 
 in, as to revenge their commander, sir John Chandos, 
 whom they saw in so piteous a state. A squire, at- 
 tached to sir John, marked out this James de St. Mar- 
 tin, who had given the blow: he fell upon him in 
 such a rage, and struck him with his lance as he was 
 flying, that he ran him through both his thighs, and 
 then withdrew his lance : however, in spite of thisj 
 James de St. Martin continued the fight. 
 
 Now if lord Thomas Percy, who had first arrived at 
 the bridge, had imagined any thing of what vvas going 
 
 * Sli- John Chambo, Sir John Cassilks. — Ci^ Barnes calls the last 
 
 forward, 
 
142 
 
 forward^ sir John Chandos' men would have been consi- 
 derably reinforced : but it was otherwise decreed ; for, 
 not hearing any thing of the Bretons since he had 
 seen them advancing in a large body towards the 
 bridge, he thought they might have retreated; so that 
 lord Thomas and his men continued their march, 
 keeping the road to Poitiers, ignorant of what was 
 passing. 
 
 Though the English fought so bravely on the bridge 
 of Lussac, in the end they could not withstand the 
 force of the Bretons and French, but were defeated, 
 and the greater part made prisoners. Sir Edward 
 Clitlbrd stood firm, and would not quit the body of 
 his nephew. 
 
 If the French had had their horses, they would 
 have gone off with honour^ and have carried with them 
 good prisoners; but, as I have before said, their ser- 
 vants had gone away with them. Those of the English 
 also had retreated, and quitted the scene of battle. 
 They remained therefo"? in bad plight, which sorely 
 vexed them; and said among themselves, "This is a 
 bad piece of business: the field is our own, and yet we 
 cannot return through the fault of our servants. It is 
 not proper for us, who are arm.ed and fatigued, to 
 march through this country on foot, which is quite 
 against us ; and we are upwards of six leagues from the 
 nearest of any of our fortresses. We have, besides, our 
 wounded and slain, whom we cannot leave behind." 
 
 As they were in this situation, not Ivnowing what 
 
 - to do, and had sent off two or three of the Bretons, 
 
 disarmed, to hunt after and endeavour to find their 
 
 servants^ they perceived advancing towards them, sir 
 
 Guiscard d' Angle, sir Louis de Harcourt, the lords de 
 
 Partenay, 
 
143 
 
 t'artenay, de Tannyboutoh, d'Argenton, de Pinane, 
 sir James de Surgeres^ and several others. They were 
 full two hundred lances, and were seeking for the 
 French ; for they had had information they were out 
 on an excursion, and were then following the traces 
 of their horses. They came forwards, therefore, with 
 displayed banners fluttering in the wind, and marching 
 in a disorderly manner. 
 
 The moment the Bretons and French saw them, 
 they knew them for their enemies, the barons and 
 knights of Poitou. They therefore said to the English, 
 " You see that body of men coming to your assist- 
 ance: we know we cannot withstand them: therefore,'* 
 calling each by his name, " j-ou are our prisoners; 
 but we give you your liberty, on condition that you 
 take care to keep us company; and we surrender our- 
 selves to you, for we have it more at heart to give 
 ourselves up to vou than to those who are coming." 
 They answered, <' God's will be done." The English 
 thus obtained their liberty. 
 
 The Puitevins soon arrived, with their lances in 
 their rests, shouting their war-cries 5 but the Bretons 
 and French, retreating on one side, said, " Hola ! stop, 
 my lords : we are prisoners already." The English 
 testified to the truth of this by adding, " It is so; they 
 belong to us." Garnet was prisoner to sir Bertrand 
 de Cassilies, and sir Louis de St. Julien to sir John 
 Chambo: there was not one but who had his master. 
 
 These barons and knights of Poitou were struck 
 with grief when they saw their seneschal, sir John 
 Chandos, lying in so doleful a way, and not able to 
 speak. They began grievously to lament his loss, 
 saying, ''* Flower of knighthood! oh, sir John Chandos 1 
 
 I. 4 cursed 
 
144 
 
 ctirsed be the forging of that lance which wounded 
 thee, and which has thus endangered thy Hfe !" Those, 
 who were around the body, most tenderly bewailed 
 him, which he heard, and answered with groans, but 
 could not articvilate a word. They wrung their hands, 
 and tore their hair, uttering cries and complaints, 
 more especially those who belonged to his household. 
 
 Sir John Chandos was disarmed very gently by his 
 own servants, laid upon shields and targets, and carried 
 at a foot's pace to Mortemer, the nearest fort to where 
 they wtre. The other barons and knights returned 
 to Poitiers, carrying with them their prisoners. I heard 
 that Jarncs Martin, he who had wounded sir John 
 Chandos, suffered so much from his wounds, that he 
 died at Poitiers. 
 
 That gallant knight only survived one day and night, 
 God have mercy on his soul ! for never since a hun- 
 dred years did there exist among the English one mor« 
 courteous, nor fuller of every virtue and good quality 
 than him. 
 
 When the prince, princess, earls of Cambridge and 
 Pembroke, and the other English knights in Guienne, 
 heard of this event, they were completely disconcerted, 
 and said, they had now lost every thing on both sides 
 of the sea. Sir John was sincerely regretted by his 
 friends of each sex; and some lords in France bewailed 
 his loss. Thus it happens through life. The English 
 loved him for all the excellent qualities he was pos- 
 sessed of. The French hated him, because they were 
 afraid of him. Not but that I have heard him at the 
 time regretted by renowned knights in France ; for 
 they said it was great pity he was slain, and that, if 
 he could have been taken prisoner, he was so wise and 
 
 fuU 
 
full of devices^ he would have found some means o^ 
 establishing a peace between France and England, and 
 was so much beloved by the king of England and his 
 court, that they would have believed what he should 
 have said in preference to all others. Thus were the 
 French and English great losers by his death, for never 
 have I heard otherwise; but the English the most, for 
 by his valour and prudence, Guienne might have been 
 
 totally recovered *. 
 
 Lord 
 
 • Sii- John Chandos was buried at Mortemer. Underneith U his epi- 
 fcph, from Les Annales d'Aquitaine, par Bouchet. 
 
 Je Jehan Chandault, des Anglois capitaine, 
 Fort chevalier, de Poictou seneschal, 
 Apres avoir fait gu.rre tres lointaine 
 Au rois franjois, tant a pied qu' a cheval, 
 Et pres Bertrand du Guesclin en un val, 
 Les Poitevins, pres Lussac, me diffirent, 
 A Mortemer, mons corps enterrer fiient, 
 En un cercueil eleve tout de aeuf, 
 L'an mil trois ceiis avec seixantc neuf. 
 
 He founded and endowed the Carmslice convent at Poitiers. 
 
 " He was never niavried. Elizabeth and Eleanor, two of his si^ters; 
 (the latter being the wife of sir Roger C»llins), and Isabella, daughter to 
 Margaret, the third sister, at that time married to sir John Annciley, were 
 found to be his next heirs." Barnes. — Translator's note. 
 
 Tkere are some genealogical mistakes in this note, but this is not the 
 place to correct them. Leland says, *' Th&re were dyvars knights of fame 
 of the Cbaundois afore the time of him, that was in Edward the Third's 
 days, a noble warrior. This Chandois dyed v/ithout issue, »nd left his 
 two sisters heirs, whereof one was married to Bridges, and the other lo Pole. 
 Bridges had Cowberlie and other lands to the value of 300 marks by 
 the yere. Pole had Rodburne, within four miles of Darby. Chaundoi* 
 in his old writings nameth himself Vicecomitem S. Salvatoris.— — Chaun- 
 dois had lands in or about Herefordshire ; and he was founder, as I remem- 
 ber, of Goldclyve Priory in VVjIcs, and here, as I think, was his first and 
 chief howse. The olde howse of Rodburne is of no great thingc, but the last 
 
 Chaundois 
 
146^ 
 
 Lord Thomas Percy was appointed seneschal of 
 Poitou, after the death of Sir John Chandos. His 
 estates of St. Sauveur le Vicomte fell to the king of 
 England, who gave them to one of his own knights, 
 by name Sir Aleyne Boxhall,* a wonderful able man. 
 The Prince of Wales succeeded to the other riches of 
 Sir John Chandos, as he was never married, and there- 
 fore had no children, to the amount of four hundred 
 thousand francs, f 
 
 Shortly afterwards those captains who had been 
 made prisoners at the bridge of Lvissac were ransomed, 
 and received their freedom on paying down the sunw 
 agreed on, in which the king of France assisted 
 them. Sir Louis de St. Julien, Sir William de» 
 Bourdes, and Carnet I3 Breton returned to their garri- 
 sons." 
 
 The literary world are very truly obliged to Mr, 
 Johnes for this honourable occupation of his time and 
 money. The two volumes already published by him 
 
 Chauadois hsgun in the same lordshipe a rnigVity large howse of stniie with a 
 wonde fill cjst, as it yet apperithe by foundations of a man's height standintc 
 yf t as ho lefte them. He had thought to have made of hit olde place a college. " 
 There is a castle a mile and more btncth Dorston, upon the ri^ht ripe of 
 Dnur', (Co. Heref.) * it is called Snothill, and there is a parkwallyd,' &x. Scci 
 Sei Lei. Itin. Vol.8, f. 70 — 89, &c. Here also are seme mistakes, and « 
 confusion of br.nehes. But I forbear to rectify them nuvv. EJitor. 
 
 * Sir Alcyne Eoxha!! vv;!s the fjfty-second Knight of the Garter, const.iWe 
 of the tower of London, custos ofthe parks of C'aren'ion, &c. He lies buried 
 near St. Eikenwald's shrine in St. Paul's church, about 1380. 
 
 S'r Aleyne Boxhall had a commission to restrain the excesses of Charles de 
 Navarre in Normandy, and to put the castle in good repair, dated the 24th of 
 Kov. I j7o. hy-incr. 
 
 •\ I should imagine Froissart must mean that the Pi'nce inherited all he 
 possessed In Aquitaine, &c. but his sister's children were his heirs In England. 
 
 extend 
 
1 4; 
 
 extend no farther than the contents of the first vohime 
 of Lord Berners. Both translations are curious and 
 valuable ; the last was no doubt a great desideratum ; 
 the scarcity and high price of the former; the repulsive 
 appearance of the black letter; and the total want of 
 breaks and paragraphs, rendered the perusal of it a task 
 of labour which few had the patience to encounter ; 
 and the want of notes was a defect which required 
 amendment. At the same time the diligent investi- 
 gator of the progress of the English language, the 
 lover of the ages of chivalry, and of that romantic 
 cast of expressions and manners and feats, of which 
 Lord Berners was himself a speaker, a spectator, and 
 an actor, will always secure an increasing rather than a 
 diminished interest for his venerable work. And were 
 a new impression of it in modern types, and with due 
 arrangement of paragraphs, and judicious critical and 
 historical illustrations, given to the world, it would af- 
 ford one of the most entertaining and instructive trea- 
 sures of our ancient literature, without at all depre- 
 ciating the value and attraction of Mr. Johnes's most 
 liberal and praise-worthy undertakmg. * 
 
 * The Edinburgh Re.iew, in a criticism of this woik, altogethei- jus^, 
 and indeed candidjVol. 5, p-347j truly remarks, that" Lord Berners's version 
 in the pure and nervous English of that early period, and deserves to be 
 earefuUy consulted by tlie philologist." But the critic, when he coni;>kins of 
 the omiss'.on, by Mr. Johnes, oi Froissart's Life, does not seem aw^rs that the 
 translator had already published a Memoir of the Historian as introductory to 
 3ais undertaking. 
 
 Art. 
 
148 
 
 Art. IV. Lrrd Chandos. The glorious life and kn- ^ 
 nourahle death of Sir John Chandos, Lord of St. 
 Salviour, le Viscount, great Seneschall of Poyctoiv, 
 high Cvnsttilde of Acquilaine, Knight of the hono- 
 rahle order of the Garter, elected hy the first founder 
 King Edward the third at his institution thereof 
 — ]to. 1592. 
 
 The title of this poem is placed here, as connected 
 with the last article. It is subjoined to a scarce book, 
 entitled *' The true use of Armorie ; * showed by his- 
 torie, and plainly proved by example : the necessitie 
 thereof also discovered : with the manner of dift'erings 
 in ancient time, the lawfulness of honorable funeraU 
 and moniments : with other matters of antiquitie, in- 
 cident to the advauncing of banners, ensignes, and 
 markes of noblencsse and chcvalrie. By Wiiliani 
 Wyrley. Imprinted at London by J. Jackson, for 
 Gabriell Cawood, 1592.." 4to. 
 
 The above poem of Lord Chandos begins at p 29, 
 and ends at p. 108 — then follows another poem entitled 
 ^^ Capitall de Buz. The Honourable life and languish- 
 ing death of Sir John de Gralhy Capitall de Buz, one 
 of the Knights elected by the iirst founder of the Garter 
 into that noble order, and sometime one of the prin- 
 cipal! Governors of Guyen, ancestor to the French 
 King that now is." This poem consists of fifty pages. 
 
 A very short specimen of the first poem will satisfy 
 my reader*. 
 
 * This treatise was republished by Dugdale under the title of " ths 
 ancient usage of bearing arms." Duod. It is a sensible and instructive little 
 buok* 
 
 STANZA 
 
149 
 
 STANZA I. 
 
 Let none rejoice too much in fortune's state, 
 
 Reading the story of my tragic death, 
 But watchful be t' attend some turning fate 
 
 Which like wild whirlwind all our doings sway'lh. 
 For as grave Senec', in wise morals, saith, 
 
 No mortal man with Gods gain favor might 
 
 Of warrantize, to bee next morning's light. 
 
 STANZA 10. 
 
 When first that worthy golden book began, 
 
 " For Magistrates" bright " Mirror"* clear indeed. 
 
 Through which eternal praise the authors wan, 
 Strait I believ'd as truly as my creed, 
 
 ^ly hard mishap so happily would speed, 
 As that some one of those rare learned men, 
 My bliss and bale would have vouchsafed to pen. 
 
 STANZA 374. 
 
 Sweet gentle Knight, he said, f fair peerless flower. 
 Of Mars his train, good valiant champion stout. 
 
 What wicki'd wight to forge bad gleave had power 
 Whereby bright lamp of life was stricken out ? 
 
 Black coaly smith, when first thou went'st about 
 This tool to forge, I would thou hadst been mad, 
 Dan Vulcan's luck, or vvorse mischance hadst had. 
 
 STANZA 375. 
 
 Brave England never had a braver knight. 
 
 Puissant France hath felt no fiercer foe; 
 Fairer condition'd never living wight; 
 
 More courtesies no earthly man did know j 
 More finer wit, more judgments none did show 
 
 In his attempts : more honours none had gain'd 
 
 By high exploits than those thou hast attain'd! 
 
 * The Mirror for Magistrates, 1559. 
 f One who bewailed his fate. 
 
 STANZA 
 
15© 
 
 STANZA 3/6. 
 
 From out our bunch our orient's pearl is gong. 
 From treasure onrs our rarest jewel lost. 
 
 From ivory ours stol'n is our whitest bone. 
 
 Reft from our wealth rich thing of greatest cost ^ 
 
 Of all our pillars fall'n is most surest post j 
 Good Chandos slain, I say no more but this. 
 Best English Knights thy presence much will miss. 
 
 STANZA 3S8. 
 
 What glorious praise deserves that worthy wight, 
 Wliose arm'd body as bulwark 'gainst the foe. 
 Despising life in throngs of foes doth fight 
 For country's cause, and sweetest sweet bestow? 
 
 Though bodies die, wide do their praises grow, 
 Seld' well-got honour sufFer'd is to die. 
 But memorized lives perpetually. 
 
 STANZA 3(j6. 
 Ah ! throughfare full of baleful miseries, 
 
 Hard passage cover'd with sharp threafning rocks. 
 Vile toilsome life subject to destinies, 
 
 Mad fools on stage whom flouting fortune mocks. 
 Poor silly sheep to slaughter led by flocks ; 
 
 Drunk peevish men, whom safety's thought confoundj 
 
 Dreaming they never shall consume in ground. 
 
 STANZA 3g7, AND LAST, 
 
 As silent night brings quiet pause at last 
 
 To painful travels of fovepassed day. 
 So closing death doth rest to labours cast 3 
 
 Making of our toilful work a stay 5 
 Thouohts, griefs, sad cares are bandon then away ; 
 In pomp and glory though brave days we spend ; 
 Yet happy none, until be known his end. 
 FINIS. 
 
 WiLIlAM WyRLEY. 
 
 Art. 
 
Art. V. DR. CHARLES DAVENANT. 
 
 " Dr. Charles Davenant," says Oldys in his MSS. 
 notes on Langbaine, " was Inspector General of the 
 Exports and Imports of the Customs. He died Nov, 
 6, 1714. 
 
 " I had above sixty letters of his writing to his son 
 Henry, who was Envoy at Frankfort, &c. in 1703;, 
 1704,1705,1706,1707, 170S, &c. I gave them all 
 to Mr. James West, with 150 more about Christmas 
 1746: but the same fate they found, as grain that is 
 sowed in barren ground. 
 
 ^' Harry Davenant had given the Electrcss of Hano- 
 ver his father's political books, and the Dr upon 
 hearing how complaisantly she had received his last, 
 writes thus to him at Hanover from London, Feb. 
 i8t'h, I7O3. *' I am very glad to hear her Roval 
 Highness is pleased with my book, which had not 
 created me so manv enemies as it hath done, if we had 
 in England but three or four persons with understand- 
 ings as enliohtened as hers is. The rancour bejxins 
 now to wear otf j but 1 may venture to say that for this 
 last age there has not been so persecuted a martvr to 
 truth and right sense, as I have lately been." So de- 
 sires him to let her know that in a little time he shall 
 be got into a temper fit for writing a letter to her."'* 
 
 * A friend has suggested that I ought ta have mentioned Sir James 
 Steuart's book with Adam Smith's on the Wealth of Nat'oas in my last 
 Number. I sh.iU endeavour therefore to do him justice on some future 
 ocfusicn- Sir Janxes died Nov. 17S0. 
 
 Art. 
 
^B' 
 
 Art. VI. THOMAS RYiMER. 
 
 ** Thomas Rymer/' says Oldys, '" was born in Ycrk^ 
 shire, went to school at North-AUerton under Mr. 
 Thomas Smeh, when Dr. George Hickes was his 
 schoolfellow. He studied the laws in Gray's Inn. In 
 1692 he succeeded Shadwell as Historiographer Royal. 
 See a character of his '' Foedera" in Dr. Kennet's 2d 
 letter to the Bishop of Carlisle, and in the said Bishop's 
 Historical Library, and in Davis's Icon Libellorum. 
 
 Rymer translated Plutarch's Life of Nicias, which 
 was published with the rest in 1683-4. There are also 
 in print " Rymer's Curious Amusements," 8vo. 17 14, 
 and his " View of Parliaments," 8vo. 1714; " Rymer's 
 Three Letters to Bishop Nicholson occasioned by some 
 passages in his Scottish Hist. Library," 8vo. 1702, 
 
 Rymer died Dec. 14, 1713, and was buried four 
 days after in the church of St. Clement Danes, Mid- 
 dlesex. 
 
 See a reflection on him in Fenton's Life of Milton. 
 See the Satire on Translators in the State Poems, re- 
 printed in R. Cross's Collection of Poems, 8vo. 1747. 
 See the ^^ Impartial Critic; or, some observations on 
 Mr. Rymer's late book, entitled " a Short View of 
 Tragedy, by Mr, Dennis," 410. 1697. 
 
 Art. VII. LADY ELIZABETH CAREW. 
 
 The industrious compiler of the Biographia Dra- 
 matica is ignorant of the family and history of this 
 lady, who wrote a Tragedy, entitled " Mariam, the 
 fair Queen of Jewry, 4.to. 1613," which was never 
 
 acted s 
 
153 
 
 acted ; yet '^ considering those times and the lady's sex, 
 may be allowed to be well penned. It is written in 
 alternate verse, and with a chorus, which chorus is 
 composed of Selt'mes, or stanzas of six lines, the four 
 first of which are interwoven, or rhyme alternately, the 
 two last rhyming to each other, and forming a 
 couplet in base." 
 
 Oldys supposes her name should be spelt Carey, and 
 that she was the wife of Sir Henry Carey, to whom 
 Davies dedicated his " Muses Sacrifice" 1612. (see p. 
 40). If so, she was probably Elizabeth, daughter 
 and heir of Sir Laurence Tanfi eld, Lord Chief Baron 
 of the Exchequer, and wife of Sir Henry Carey, who 
 in 1622 was created Viscount Falkland. 
 
 But it is more probable she was Elizabeth, daughter 
 of Sir John Spenser of Althorpe, wife of Sir George 
 Carey, 2d Lord * Hunsdon, f to whom Thomas Nash 
 dedicated his " Christ's Tears over Jerusalem. Where- 
 unto is annexed a comparative admonition to London. 
 A Jove Musa. By Thomas Nashe." Printed for 
 Andrew Wise in St. Paul's churchyard, at the Angell, 
 1594. Dedicated "To the most honored and vertuous 
 beautified Ladle, the Ladie Elizabeth Carey : wife to 
 the thrice magnanimous and noble dlscendcd Knight, 
 Sir George Carey, Knight Marshall." 4to. | 
 
 To this last lady, Spenser dedicates his Muiopotraos, 
 in these words : 
 
 * See Memoirs of Peers of James I. 8vo. i!o2. Vol.1, p. 398t 
 
 ■\ Unless it should be objected that she would have been called Lady 
 
 Hensdon ; but perhaps the play was written, though not published, before 
 
 her husband succeeded to the title, which was in 1596. 
 X Herbert III. 1373. 
 
 M f* To 
 
154 
 
 *' To the Right Worthy and vertuous Ladie, the 
 Ladie Carey. 
 
 '' Most brave and bountiful Lady, for so excellent 
 favours as I have received at your sweet hands, to offer 
 these few leaves as in recompence, should be as to 
 offer flowers to the gods for their divine benefits. 
 Therefore I have determined to give myself wholly to 
 you, as quite abandoned from myself, and absolutely 
 vowed to your services: which in all right is ever held 
 for full recompence of debt or damage, to have the 
 person yielded. My person, I wot well, how little 
 worth it is. But the faithful mind and humble zeal 
 which I bear unto your ladyship, may perhaps be more 
 of price, as may please you to account and use the 
 fair service thereof; which taketh glory to advance 
 you7' excellejit parts and noble vertues, and to spend 
 itself in honouring you : not so much for your great 
 bounty to myself, which yet may not be unminded, 
 nor for name and kindred sake by you vouchsafed, 
 Taeing also regardable, as for that honourable name, 
 which ye have by your hrave deserts purchased to 
 yourself, and spread in the mouths of all men : with 
 which I have also presumed to grace my verses, and 
 render your name to commend to the world this small 
 poem. The which beseeching your Ladyship to take 
 in worth, and all things therein, according to your 
 wonted graciousness, to make a mild construction, I 
 humbly pray for your happiness. 
 
 Your La. ever humbly ; 
 
 Ed.Sp." 
 
 It is scarcely necessary to remind the reader that this 
 lady was sister to Alice Countess of Derby, for whom 
 Milton's " Arcades" was written. 
 
 Art 
 
155 
 
 Art. VITI. The most pleasante Historie of Mh'ino 
 and Bellama, a Poeme : to luldch is annexed the 
 Vindication of Poesie, by N. IV. Lond. Printed, 
 and are to be sould by Nicho. Fussell, 1639 — Sec. 
 
 Sir, 
 The last time I had the pleasure of meeting you in 
 London, you requested I would furnish you with some 
 information respecting a little volume in my possession. 
 The volume to which I allude is entitled '^ The most 
 pleasante Historie of Albino and Bellama, a Poeme : 
 to which is annexed the Vindication of Poesie, by N. 
 W. London, printed and are to be sould by Nicho, 
 Fussell, 1639." It has a title-page neatly engraved, 
 by Cor. Van. Dahen, from subjects in the poem. Of 
 the author I learn, from a copy of commendatory verses 
 (in Latin) by Jacob Bernard of Trinity College, that 
 Whiting was Master of Arts, and that he was of King's 
 College, Cambridge. There are several commendatory 
 poems prefixed, as was the custom of the age. The 
 scene is placed in Spain; and of the story, which is 
 written in the sextain measure of a stanza and a 
 couplet, the following is a brief analysis. *^ Bellama, 
 the daughter of Don Rivilezzo, refusing to marry Don 
 Fuco, a rich old nobleman, is carried by her father to 
 the monastery of Darwey, the inhabitants of which are 
 minutely described 3 then follows an account of her 
 instauration, 
 
 AJorn'd with vesture, white as bleached snow ; 
 
 A Cyprus mantle, over which was cast, 
 (So lightly hung 'twould net abide a blow) 
 A milk-white ribbon lock'd unto her waste, 
 firac'd with a crucifix : her slender wrists 
 With praying beads were wrcath'd on sable twists."' 
 M 2 Among 
 
1 5b 
 
 x\mong the votaries attendant upon the convent is Al-* 
 bino, a young monk of inodest carriage and singular 
 beauty, whose mental talents are complimented in two 
 lines : 
 
 Discreet as Tyro's are, he'd store of wit 
 In that he knew to Use and husband it ; 
 
 in which the mind naturally reverts to Butler's ac- 
 count of Hudibras : 
 
 Who, though he had great store of wit. 
 Was very spare of shewing it. 
 
 Upon the first sight of Bellama he is enamoured of her 
 beauty, and finds an opportunity ofdisclosing his passion 
 to her; after several meetings the jealous matron disco- 
 vers them in an arbor in the garden, in consequence 
 of which Bellama is secluded, and the frown of the 
 duenna, when next he meets her, convinces Albino that 
 his attachment is discovered. Unable to gain the ear 
 of his mistress, he employs one of his brother monks to 
 deliver letters to Bellama ; but Bardino, forfeiting his 
 trust, discloses the letters to the " Abbatesse," and 
 tells Albino that his lady treated him with scorn. 
 Rivilezzo, after two years confinement, fetches Bellama 
 from the convent vi et annis. Albino, in order to 
 obtain the sight of his mistress, assumes the habit of a 
 young woman, and presents himself at the grate of the 
 abbey as the daughter of Don Fulco, and is admitted 
 into the order, where he soon learns the escape of his 
 flame. In order to get without the pale of his con- 
 finement the he-lad]/ persuades the " Abbatesse" that 
 in his way he has lost a ring, but the abbess only offers 
 to send a maid to recover it. He then endeavours to 
 bribe the porter by a purse of coins, consisting of pieces 
 of glass gilt over; but before the time of elopement 
 
 arrives. 
 
J 57 
 
 arrives, Avaro discovers the fraud. At the hour ap- 
 pointed PhoeHche (the lover's assumed name) knocking 
 loudly to awaken the porter awakens the abbess, who 
 had been dreaming that her ward was destroying by a 
 hon, and she is on the instant persuaded by the noise 
 which alarmed her, that her vision is realized. In her 
 fright she discharges a pistol which awakens the porter. 
 The bell is immediately rung and the \vhole convent is 
 roused : the attempt to bribe Avaro being disclosed, 
 Phoeliche is confined closely and dieted sparely for three 
 days. Unable at length to effect his escape. Albino 
 (alias Phoeliche) turns his regard to his sister nuns, 
 and in a few weeks the influence of his intimacy be- 
 comes visible. After many fruitless searches the cause 
 of this change in the appearances of the devotees is 
 traced to its source, and the " Abbatesse" contrives to 
 get Albino into a cell utterly excluded from the light. 
 
 The lynx at mid-day there would wish for day. 
 And cats, without a light, must grope their way. 
 
 Pa. 92. 
 
 Here she invents means to torment him by stoves 
 *' under-vaulted" in summer, and in winter by pouring 
 water through holes drilled in the roof of his confine- 
 tnent. 
 
 Bcllama hearing nothing of Albino dispatches a 
 messenger to the grate of the convent, but obtains no 
 other answer than that he had left the priory long 
 since, and it was supposed he was dead. Albino in 
 the interim manages to gain the favour of Conrado by 
 promising him marriage, if the monk will extricate him 
 from his present confinement. The purpose is effected, 
 jmd by a stratagem Albino leaves Conrado in the 
 
 M 3 prison. 
 
158 
 
 prison. Immediately upon his escape Albino secretes 
 himself in a cavern in a neighbouring thicket, where 
 he rescues from the embrace of a rude rustic his flame 
 Bellama, who, in company with her maid in disguise, 
 had fled her father's house with the hope of discovering 
 Albino. At night they take up their abode in a pea- 
 sant's hut, but are surprized early in the morning by 
 the noise of the monkish crew in pursuit of their run- 
 away. The fugitives, after assuming various disguises, 
 at length arrive at the house of the brother of Albino, 
 a Carthusian friar, by whom they are united," 
 
 Suf^h are the adventures of this *' Harlequin and 
 Columbine," of which I have drawn an abstract, be- 
 cause the volume, at least as far as I have discovered, 
 is of uncommon occurrence. From the nature of the 
 fable it will be readily imagined the language is not 
 free from licentiousness. The " Vindication of Poesie" 
 is written in the form of a vision, which has since be- 
 come a favourite mode of composition. 
 
 JOSEPH RITSON. 
 Since my return into the country I have looked into 
 Ritson's Bibliographia, and am confident that in spite 
 of all his grubbing he has left his book very imperfect. 
 This might be excused by the nature of the under- 
 taking, did he not call others " fool and rascal" in 
 every page. 
 
 HENRY WOTTON. 
 I have in my possession an uncommonly scarce 
 volume with the following quaint title : " A Courtlie 
 controversie of Cupid's Cautels, containing five tragi- 
 cal! 
 
^59 
 
 call Historycs by three Gientlemen and two Gentle- 
 women, translated out of French by Henry Wotton, 
 B, L. Impr. by John Caldock and Henry Bynneman, 
 1578:" in which are many " songes," some of them 
 by no means inelegant for the time when they were 
 written : Ivvill transcribe part of one as a specimen. 
 
 « 
 "What hard mishap doth hamper youth. 
 
 When cursed Cupid list to frown j 
 And yet he will not credite truth 
 
 'I ill hard mishap doth throw him down : 
 He hath the power in his distresse 
 To see what may his smart redresse. 
 
 Must hoarie hairs needs make us wisp 
 
 Discovering naked treason's hooke ? 
 Whose glittering hue by slight devise. 
 
 Doth make them blind that thereon looke. 
 And till into the trap they slide, 
 Believe that reason is their guide. Pa. 127. 
 
 Of this book, by the bye, I think Herbert had but au 
 imperfect knowledge, and perhaps adopted the title 
 from Bagfield's MS. Bibl. Sloan. In a translation of 
 Cranmer's " Confutation of unwritten verities, k.c." 
 B. L. by E. P. without date or printer's name, is a 
 metrical address of " the boke to the reader," of equal 
 value with many similar compositions which mister 
 Ritson has fortunately " retrieved from latent ob^ 
 scurity." 
 
 LORD BACON. 
 
 Sir Henry Wotton has, in "Reliqui^Wottonianae,'* 
 
 assigned one of the poems to Francis Lord Bacon, 
 
 upon what authority I know not. I could point out 
 
 M 4 many 
 
i6o 
 
 many other inaccuracies that have come within the 
 confined compass of my observation, and from which 
 I am persuaded that those who possess extensive col- 
 lections would discover many more. 
 
 JOHN CHALKHILL. 
 
 John Chalkhill, the author of Thealma and Cle- 
 archus, has two songs in Walton's Complete Angler, 
 part of one of which Dr. Johnson translated into La- 
 tin. His translation is printed in Murphy's edition of 
 his works. Vol. I. p. 190. 
 
 O. G. G. 
 
 Art. TX. JOHN LILLY. 
 
 Oldys says, that ^^ John Lilly was born, according 
 to A.Wood's computation (L 295), about the year 
 1553; but I think he was born sooner. According 
 to him he went in 1569, aged about 16, to Magd. 
 Coll. Oxon. In 1566 he went to court j in 1576 he 
 wrote his first letter to the queen ; in 1597 his second, 
 shewing he had been thirteen years led in expectation 
 of being Master of the Revels. 
 
 William Webbe, in his " Discourse of English 
 Poetrie," 4to. 1586, speaks of the good grace and 
 sweet vein, which eloquence hath attained in our 
 speech through the help of some rare and singular 
 wits, and adds, ** among whom I think there is none 
 that will gainsay but Master John Lilly hath deserved 
 most high commendations, as he who hath stepped 
 one step farther therein than any since he first began 
 the witty discourse of his EUPHUES, whose works 
 
 surely 
 
i6i 
 
 surely in respect of his singular eloquence and brave 
 composition of apt words and sentences, let the learned 
 examine, and make a tryal thereof through all parts 
 of rhetoric in fit phrases, in pithy sentences, in gal- 
 lant tropes, in flowing speech, in plain sense; and 
 surely in my judgment I think he will yield him that 
 verdict, which Quintilian giveth of both the best ora- 
 tors, Demosthenes and Tully; that from the one no- 
 thing may be taken away, and to the other nothing- 
 may be added *. Yet for all this praise and merit we 
 may see, after a dangling and tedious dependence upon 
 the court for thirteen years, he was forced to write to 
 the queen herself for some little grant to support him in 
 his old age. Of his two letters, or petitions, to her, 
 many copies are preserved in MS. 
 
 Lilly was a man (adds Oldys) of great reading, good 
 memory, ready faculty of application, and uncom- 
 mon eloquence; but he ran into a vast excess of allu- 
 sion: in sentence and conformity of style he seldom 
 speaks directly to the purpose, but is continually car- 
 ried away by one odd allusion or simile or other (out 
 of natural history, that is yet fabulous and not true in 
 nature), and that still overborne by more, thick upon 
 the back of one another; and through an eternal affec- 
 tation of sententiousness keeps to such a formal mea- 
 sure of his periods as soon grows tiresome; and so, 
 by confining himself to shape his sense so frequently 
 into one artificial cadence, however ingenious or har- 
 monious, abridges that variety which the style should 
 be admired for. 
 
 SeeDodsley's censure of him agreeably to Drayton's 
 
 * This passage is also quoted from Webbe's D.'scoiuse in The British 
 Librarian, p. 90. 
 
 before 
 
i62 
 
 before Lilly's Alexander and Campaspc, revived, I 
 think, in the Collection of Old Plays. 
 
 Dr. Lodge, in his " Wit's Misery and World's 
 Madness/' 4to. 1596, p. 57, says, " Lilly was famous 
 for the facility of his discourse." 
 
 See a true character of Lilly by Drayton in his 
 " Censure of the Poets."* 
 
 Lilly was the author of a famous pamphlet against 
 the Martinists called '' Pap with a Hatchet," about 
 the year 1589. See Dr. Gabriel Harvey's Pierce's Su- 
 pererogation against Tho. Nashe, 410. 1593. 
 
 " Pap with a Hatchet, alias a Fig for my Godson: 
 or crack me this Nut : or a Country CufFj that is, a 
 sound Box on the Ear for the Ideot Martin to hold his 
 piece. Wrilien by one that dares call a dog, a dog. 
 Imprinted by John Au-Oke, &c. &c. and are to be 
 sold at the sign of the Crabtree Cudgell, in Thwack- 
 coat lane."t This has been attributed to Nashe, but 
 was vv^ritten by John Lilly. J 
 
 SeeNashe's Apology of Pierce Pennylcss, 4to. 1593, 
 in praise of Lilly: also Nashe's '^ Have with you tQ 
 Saffron- Walden," near the cnd.§ 
 
 The full title of Lilly's famous work, is 
 
 EUPHUES, The ANATOMY OF IVIT. Very 
 pleasaunt for all Gentlemen to read, and most 
 necessary to remember : ivherein are contained 
 the Delights that Wit folloivcth in his Youth ly 
 the Vleasantnesse of Love, and the Happinesse 
 
 * Oldys's MSS. notes on Langbaine, % Oldys, ut fupr. 
 
 t Ibid. See Herbert, III. 1702. § Ibid. 
 
 thai 
 
163 
 
 thai he repeth in Age ly the Ferfectnesse of JVis- 
 dome. By John Lyly, M. A. corrected *, and 
 uusmented," Dedicated " To Sir JVilUam PVest, 
 Knight, Lord Be La IVarre. . . .To the Gentlemen 
 Readers. — To the Gentleinen Scholars of Oxford.'* 
 88 Leaves. Concludes thus : ^^ I have finished the 
 Jirst Part of Eiiphues, ivhom I lefte ready to crosse 
 the Seas to England. — I hope to have him retourned 
 • within one Summer. In the mean Season, I loill 
 staie for him in the Countrie, and as soon as he 
 urriveth you shall know of his comming." Im- 
 printed by Thomas East for Gabriel Cawood. 
 1581. 
 EUPHUES; and his England. Containing his 
 Voyage and Adventures, mixed with sundrie pretie 
 Discourses of honest Love, the Description of the 
 Countrie, the Court and the Mamiers of the Isle, 
 Delightful to he read," &c. Dedicated " To 
 Edward de Fere, Earle of Oxenforde, &'c.'' To 
 the Ladies and Gentlewomen of England, John 
 Lyly ivisheth what they would. — To the Gentlemen 
 Readers." Imprinted by Thomas East for Gabriel 
 Cawood. 4to.t 
 
 Oldys says that the first part was printed 158 1, 1 6o5, 
 2623, 1630. 4to. 
 
 * Herbert adds in a note, " I cannot find when the first edition of this 
 j)art was printed. Mr. Wood mentions an edition of Euphues and his Eng- 
 land, in 5580 J but he has greatly mistaken these two books or parts, and 
 led Bishop Tanner into the sanne error ; supposing Euphues his England 
 to be divided into two parts, &c. and his Anatomy of Wit to be a separate 
 and subsequent work: whereas in fact it is the first part, and introductory to 
 his England, as is evident by the conclusion of this Anatomy of Wit. See 
 Ath. Ox. I. 296." 
 
 t Herbert, II. 1012, 1014. 
 
 Art. 
 
164 
 
 Art. X. A most true and exact Uelat'wn of that 
 as honourable as unfortunate Expedition of Kent^ 
 Essex, and Colchester. By M. C. a loyall Actor 
 in that Engagement, Anno Dom. 1648. Printed 
 in the Yeare 1650. Duod. pp. 214. 
 
 1 only nienlian this scarce little tract with the hope 
 of preserving it from oblivion, because it records se- 
 veral particulars not noticed by Lord Clarendon, and 
 our general historians. The author, Matthew Carter, 
 acted as quarter-master-general in this expedition. It 
 is dedicated, from some place of imprisonment, '^ To 
 the truly noble and his worthily honoured friend sir 
 C. K., whose address to the reader follows. At the 
 end are three copies of verses, I. " To my ingenious 
 Friend upon his exact Journal of the Kentish Forces," 
 signed G. W. II. " To the ino;enious Author of 
 these Commentaries," signed Roderigoe. III. " To 
 my honoured Friend upon his Commentary," signed 
 E. P. 
 
 The author concludes his own relation with the 
 following prophetic paragraph. 
 
 " For my own part, I will not despair while there 
 is mercy in heaven, and a just title upon earth, but 
 Charles the Second may fulfil that prophecy that is so 
 authentically avowed concerning his person, when all 
 these horrid distractions and clouds shall vanish into 
 21 calm, and there shall be no more a babel city, 
 
 Carol us a Carolo, 
 
 Major erit Carolo Magno." 
 
 There is no doubt that the author was the same who 
 
 published the following : 
 
 Honor 
 
1 65 
 
 Honor Uedivivus', or. An Analysis of Honour and 
 Armory. By Matthew Carter^ Esq. London. 
 Printed for Henry Herringman, 1673, Svo. And 
 are to he soidd by Henry Herringman at the Ancker 
 on the lowest Side of the New Exchaiige. 
 
 All which is on an engraved title-page by R, Gav- 
 wood. The printed title-page, which follows, calls it 
 the Third Edition.* Opposite the first is a plate of the 
 arms of Carter (two lions combatant), with a crescent 
 for difference. 
 
 One of the examples of arms, p. 26j, points out the 
 author's Kentish connections and acquaintance, for it 
 contains a shield of the nine following coats, known 
 at that time by their connection, either by blood or 
 marriage, with the Auchers of Bourne near Canter- 
 bury. I. Sir Thomas Peyton, of Knowlton, Bart. 
 2. Sir Anthony Aucher, of Bourne. 3. Sir James 
 Thynne, of Longleat, Wilts. 4. Anthony Hammond, 
 of St. Alban's, in East Kent, Esq. [ancestor of James 
 Hammond, the elegiac poet]. 5. Thomas Stanley, of 
 Cumberlow, in Hertfordshire, Esq. the poet [whose 
 mother was a Hammond]. 6. Edward Hales, of 
 Tunstal, in Kent, Esq. 7. Roger James, of Ryegate, 
 in Surry, Esq. 8. Killigrew, of Cornwall [whose 
 connection with the rest I do not know]. 9. Stephen 
 Penckhurst, of Buxted, in Sussex, Esq.f 
 
 * Fiist printed 1655, and again 1660. 
 
 \ With my copy of this last work is bound up the following: "Jus 
 Imaginis apud Anglos j or, The Law of England relating to the Nobility 
 and Gentry. Faithfully collected and methodically digested for common 
 benefit. By John Brydall, of Lincoln's Inn, Esquire. Loud, for John Bil- 
 linger, in Clifford's Inn Lane, near Fleet Street; and George Dawes, over 
 •gainst Lincoln's Inn Gate in Chancery L:ine. iC-jy pp. 76. 
 
 Art. 
 
1 66 
 
 Art. XI, Pocula Castalia. — The Author's Motto. 
 — Fortune's Tennis- Ball. — Eliza. — Poems. — Epi- 
 grams, ^fc. By R. B. Gent. London, pri?itcd by 
 W. H.for T. Dring, and are to be sold at his shop 
 at the signe of the George, near Clifford's Inne in 
 Fleet-street, 1650. Svo. pp. 137. 
 
 Robert Baron, the author of these poems, was born 
 1630; was educated at Cambridge, and afterwards 
 at Gray's Inn. Mr. Ellis, who has given one speci- 
 men of his writings, says, " whatever is poetical in 
 him appears to be pilfered from other writers." The 
 follcnving is a close imitation of Sir John Suckling's 
 famous Ballad on a Country Wedding. 
 
 A BALLAD UPON A WEDDING. 
 
 I tell thee, Jack, as I sought out 
 
 A straggling lamb, which stray'd about 
 
 The honey-suckled plain, 
 Mine eyes met such brave things i' th' way. 
 As I ne'er saw before that day. 
 
 Nor never shall again, 
 
 2. 
 
 From yon gay house there came a band 
 Of simpering courtiers, hand in hand, 
 
 Drest wondrous brave and fine. 
 But, O their leader was a lad 
 In such a gaudy habit clad. 
 
 As he did all outshine! 
 
 Our 
 
167 
 
 3. 
 
 Our lord o' th' town bears not such port 
 When he sits talking law i' th' court, 
 
 With's tenants round about. 
 Should he be on the green at night. 
 Jack, thee and I each lass would slight, • 
 
 And crowd to take him out. 
 
 4. 
 
 But wot you why he went so gay ? 
 It seems it was his wedding-day. 
 
 And now to church he go. 
 Methought he look'd oft at the sun. 
 As if he wish'd his race were run j 
 
 So did the bride also. 
 
 The bride! the bravest in the rowj] 
 Our town and all the hundred too 
 
 Can't show the like, I'll swear. 
 I ne'er saw lady at a May, 
 Or Shrovetide, or on Whitsunday, 
 
 That with her might compare. 
 
 6. 
 
 Of a pair of Indies I've been told, 
 "Where men find precious stones and gold; 
 
 I wot not where they are. 
 Nor do I mind to go to see ; 
 But doubtless if such things there be, 
 
 I think they're both in her. 
 
 7. 
 The East, the trammels of her hair 
 Gilt by Phoebus' beams appear 
 Like to a golden fleece, 
 
 More 
 
i68 
 
 More rich and fair than that which 
 
 Was stolen by the Colchan witch^ 
 
 And the bold youth of Greece. 
 
 8. 
 
 Her sparkling eyes are gems so fair. 
 Their lustre dims the twinkling star. 
 
 Which bids us shepherds fold. 
 Her lips be corrall of great price. 
 Her breath is violet buds, and spice 
 
 Whose worth cannot be told. 
 
 9. 
 
 The other Indies men call West, 
 These she hath too, and he is blest 
 
 That sought their secret treasure 5 
 But did he dig in those mines though^, 
 So oft as some in thought did do, 
 
 He'd labour'd out of measure. 
 
 JO. 
 
 Her milky skin and front did shew 
 Like meadows clad in winter's snow. 
 
 Or Cotohall wool new drest j 
 Or like the girdle of the sky. 
 Or a smooth mount of ivory. 
 
 Or like to curds new prest. 
 
 11. 
 
 Her cheeks, wherein both roses join, 
 Seem'd milk commix'd with claret wine. 
 
 Such as we drank last May-day. 
 No tulip e*er such colour wore ; 
 They look'd like strawberries sugar'd o'er. 
 
 Such as we ate last play-day. 
 
 Wheis 
 
169 
 
 12. 
 
 When to the new-swept church they came, 
 The lightning which this princely danac 
 
 Shot from her eyes so bright. 
 Struck blind the parson, so that he, 
 Poor beauty-blasted man, could sec 
 
 Scarcely to read aright. 
 
 13. 
 
 For all his coat or gravity, 
 I think he wish'd as ill as I, 
 
 Or any that stood by her : 
 Though all did look, as who should say 
 Their very souls did melt away. 
 
 And drop before the fire. 
 
 14. 
 
 The rites done, which like long grace do 
 But keep them off that would fall to, 
 
 The two, now one, went home. 
 And call'd the waiters, sans delay. 
 To serve the dinner up, though they 
 
 Had their feast yet to come. 
 
 15. 
 
 The cooks, to give the guests content. 
 Had plunder'd every element. 
 
 And rifled sea and shore. 
 Beshrew my heart, I ne'er did see 
 Boards deck'd with such variety, 
 
 And laden with such store. 
 
 16. 
 Now were our heads with rose-buds crown'd. 
 And flowing cups ran swiftly round. 
 We all did drink like fifhes ; 
 
 N That 
 
That joy and pleasure may betide 
 The bridegroom, 'specially the bride, 
 Each lusty gallant wishes. 
 
 17. 
 
 The women's eyes dwelt on the maid, 
 Some lik't this lace, some that, and said 
 
 'Twas a la mode du France j 
 And drew the picture of the peak : 
 But then the youth did silence break. 
 
 And caird them forth to dance. 
 
 18. 
 
 No dapper elves or light-heel'd fawns 
 Could nimblier trip it o'er the lawns. 
 
 Or fairies o'er the green 5 
 Though by the bride all were as far 
 Outstripp'd as frisking fairies are 
 
 By mistress Mab the queen. 
 
 19- 
 
 No Jack -a Lent danc'd such a way. 
 No sun upon an Easter-day 
 
 Is such a bonny sight : 
 Yet in her eyes I read that she 
 Meant to outstep herself, and be 
 
 Much nimbler far at night. 
 
 20. 
 
 Now supper came, and healths went round 
 In full-fill'd crowned bowls we drown'd 
 
 The slow and tedious day. 
 In singing, kissing oft, and dancing, 
 In sighing, wishing well, and glancing. 
 
 We drave the time away. 
 
 Till 
 
171 
 
 21. 
 
 Till the nightingale did chant her vesper. 
 And our curl'd dogs were warn'd by Hesper 
 
 To congregate our sheep : 
 Till the gay planet of the east 
 Took leave of Iris, and did haste 
 
 To 's sea-green couch to sleep. 
 
 22. 
 
 Now, Jack, th' unwilling willing bride. 
 With th' busy virgin crew, aside 
 
 Was stolen to undress ; 
 The youth, whose active blood began 
 To strike up Love's tantara, came 
 
 Within an hour and less. 
 
 23. 
 
 In came he, where she blushing lay, 
 Like to a musk-rose into a 
 
 Lapfull of lilies cast. 
 What pity 'tis we still should stay, 
 And make them riper joys delay, 
 
 Only a kiss to taste ! 
 
 24. 
 
 But still, as 'twere to cross their bliss, 
 The bridemaid's banquet enter'd isj 
 
 The youth devoured it half, 
 To end it, not his taste to please j 
 For minding those sweets coming, these 
 
 Were dull, as whey and chaff. 
 
 25. 
 
 At last, the lights and we went out ; 
 Now what remain'd to do, they do't: 
 
 Some say they danc'd a jig. 
 If so, Jack, 'twas but such as that 
 That thou and I in the bower had 
 
 With Betty and with Peg. 
 
 N 2 At 
 
172 
 
 At page 112 of these poems are some verses to hl» 
 " Honoured friend Benjamin Garfield, Esq. on his 
 excellent Tragi-Comedy, entitled, " The Unfortunate 
 Fortunate ;" an author whom I do not find mentioned 
 in the Biographia Dramatica. 
 
 Art. XII. JOHN CROWN. 
 
 Oldys gives the following account of this author's 
 birth, which however, I must premise, differs from that 
 of the compiler of the Biographia Dramatica, who 
 must have been aware of what Oldys had written, be- 
 cause he continually through his work makes use of 
 Oldys's materials *, and therefore had probably some 
 reason for rejecting his authority in the present 
 instance. 
 
 " John Crown," says Oldys, " was the son of Wil- 
 liam Crown, who travelled under the Earl of Arundel 
 to Vienna, and published " A Relation of the remark- 
 able Places and Passages observed in the Travels of the 
 Lord Howard, Earl of Arundel, in his Embassy to the 
 Emperor Ferdinand II. Lond. 1637, 4^0-" l^ut full of 
 imperfections and errors. This William afterwards 
 succeeded H. Lilley as Rouge-Dragon in the Heralds* 
 Office, and was continued in 1660: but selling to 
 Mr. Sandford, went over with his family to one of the 
 plantations, and there died f. Of his son John the 
 
 best 
 
 * I think tills fact Is not sufficiently explained in the Introduction ta 
 that useful woik. Oldys's very words are repeatedly used, where his name. 
 is not mentioned. 
 
 •J- Oldys says, '• There is some order or paper of iiistruGtions I once 
 
 saw 
 
^73 
 
 best account is in one of Mr. Dennis's letters. This 
 John Dennis makes him the son of a clergyman. 
 
 The compiler of the Biographia Dramatica, follow- 
 ing Gibber, calls him " the son of an independent 
 minister in that part of America called Nova Scotia, 
 but whether born there or not is uncertain." To re- 
 concile these accounts, perhaps when the father retired 
 to America, he took on him the functions of a clergy- 
 man. An anecdote related by Malone from Spence 
 seems to confirm Oldys's account that the poet was 
 born in England. " Notwithstanding Dryden's con- 
 fidence in his own powers," observes Malone, " and 
 the just value which he set on his performances, tra- 
 dition informs us that he was not wholly free from 
 jealousy of rivals. He would compliment Crowne (as 
 old Jacob Tonson told Mr. Spence) when a play of his 
 failed, but was cold to him if he met with success. 
 He sometimes used to say, that Crowne had some ge- 
 nius; but then he always added, that his father and 
 Crowne's mother were very well acquainted*." 
 
 Oldyssays, Crown was Uving in 1703, and was buried 
 at St. Giles's in the Fields. He left behind him se- 
 venteen dramatic pieces, besides one not printed. 
 
 " Of Crowne's being set up in opposition to Dry- 
 den, see St. Evremont's letter to the duchess of Ma- 
 zarine concerning the earl of Rochester." 
 
 Lord Rochester calls him " starch Johnny Crowne." 
 
 ** Many a cup of meiheglin" (says the writer of 
 
 saw in the Harl. Library from Charles II. as I remember, either to the 
 Lord Baltimore, or some other possessors or governors in one of the Ame- 
 rican settlements, to inquire into, recoveri or restore, tor or on behalf of 
 Mr. John Crowne or his father." 
 
 • Miilone's Life of Drj-den, 500. 
 
 N 3 a curious 
 
J74 
 
 a curious memoir in the Gent. Mag. for 1745, p. 99) 
 *' have I drank with little starch Johnny Crowne. We 
 called him so from the stiff unalterable primness of his 
 long cravat." 
 
 To the Masque of Calisto, 1675, 4to. frequently pre-' 
 sented at court, the author has prefixed the personators 
 or persons of quality who acted the several parts, 
 which may serve to throw light on the history of the 
 court at that time. Calisto was by the princess 
 Mary; Nyphe, the princess Anne; Mercury, by 
 Mrs. Jennings (afterwards duchess of Marlborough), 
 then maid of honour to the duchess of York. The 
 duke of Monmouth danced, Sec* 
 
 The Tragedy of Darius, 4to. 1688, was dedicated to 
 sir George Hewytt, hart, one of the lieuteuanls of his 
 Majesty's horse-guard; who in 1689 was made Baron 
 of James-Town and Viscount Gowran in Ireland. 
 He was son of sir Thomas Hewit of Pisheobury in 
 Hertfordshire, hart, and was probably the same who 
 was called Beau Hewit, from whom was drawn the 
 character of Sir Fopling in sir George Etherege's Man 
 of Mode, 1676; in which all or most of the characters 
 w^ere taken from real persons, as Dorimant for lord 
 Rochester, and even the shoemaker, who got vast trade 
 by the poet's representation of him. Sir George drew 
 himself under the character of Young Bellair f. 
 
 " John Oldmixon" (I am copying from my usual 
 authority, Oldys), " in one of his histories, savs, 
 Crowne the poet told him, that king Charles H. 
 
 * I learn this from a copy of the note of a venerable and dignified critic, 
 row living, who rem;uks that the edition of Henry VI. in i63i , is only a 
 new title page. 
 
 ■\ Oldys'sMSS. 
 
 gave 
 
^75 
 
 gave him two Spanish plays, and bade him join them 
 together to form one; which he did, and shewed his 
 majesty the plan for his comedy of '' Sir Courtly 
 Nice*." He afterwards read the acts to him scene 
 by scene, as he wrote them. When he had finished 
 the three first, which are by much the best of the 
 play, he read them over to the king, who liked them 
 very well ; only he said, '^ 'Tis not merry enough." I 
 do not say smutty, though worse might be said with 
 truth. Crown could easily have mended that fault; 
 but the king dying a month after, he let the three acts 
 pass as they are; and there does not seem to be that 
 deficiency of which his majesty complained." 
 
 Crown wrote, besides his dramatic works, '^Dceneids, 
 or, the noble Labours of the great Dean of Notre Dames 
 in Paris, for erecting in his Choir a Throne for his 
 Glory; and the eclipsing the Pride of an imperious 
 usurping Chanter : an heroic poem, in four cantos," 
 4to. 1692. It is a burlesque poem, partly imitated 
 from Boileau's Lutrin. 
 
 He also translated Boileau's Lutrin, which was 
 printed in Dryden's Miscellany. 
 
 He was author also of a Romance entided ** Pan- 
 dion and Amphigenia; or, the Coy Lady ofThessalia, 
 adorned with Sculptures," 8vo. 1665. 
 
 * " See quotations," says Oldys, <« fiom this play in my friend Hay- 
 ward's " British Muse ;" to which book I wrote the introduction, but the 
 penurious publishers (to contract it within a sheet) left out a third part 
 of the best matter in it, and made more faults than there were in th« ori- 
 ginal." 
 
 N 4 Art. 
 
176 
 
 Art. XIII. NATHANIEL LEE. 
 
 Nathaniel Lee was sonof Dr. Lee, minister of Hat- 
 field in Hertfordshire, for whom there is the following 
 epitaph in the church of that parish on a marble in 
 the middle of the chancel. 
 
 ^^ Depositum Richardi Lee, S. T. P. nuper Hat- 
 fieldi Episcopalis, alias Regalls, cum capella de Tot- 
 teridge Rectoris, qui obiit A. D. 1684, setat. su« 73. 
 Hie requiescitspe laetae resurrectionis." 
 
 Nathaniel was " educated at Westminster school, 
 and Trinity Hall,* Cambridge. He was a very hand- 
 some as well as ingenious man; but given to de- 
 bauchery which necessitated a milk-diet, when some 
 of his university comrades visiting him, he fell to 
 drinking with them out of all measure, vi'hich flying 
 up into his head, caused his face to break out into 
 those carbuncles which were afterwards observed 
 there; and ako touched his brain, occasioning that 
 madness so much lamented in so rare a genius. Tom 
 Brown says he wrote while he was in Bedlam a play of 
 twenty-five acts ; and Mr. Bowman tells me that 
 going once to visit him there, Lee shewed him a 
 scene, " in which," says he, '^ I have done a miracle 
 for you." " What's that?" said Bowman. " I have 
 made you a good priest." 
 
 Oldys mentions another of his mad sayings, but 
 does not mention with whom it passed. 
 
 * So says Oldys } but he has this note in anothei- place. " There is a copy 
 of English verses signed Nat. Lee, A. B. Trin. Coll. Vide Musarum Can-! 
 tabngiarum Thrcnodia, 4t(>> 1670.'" 
 
 " I bavp 
 
^11 
 
 " I have seen an unscrew'd spider spin a thought. 
 And walk away upon the wings of angels !" 
 
 "What say you to that, Doctor?" " Ah, marry, 
 Mr. Lee, that's superfine indeed. The thought of a 
 winged spider may catch sublime readers of poetry 
 sooner than his web, but it will need a commentary 
 in prose to render it intelligible to the vulgar/' * 
 
 His melancholy death has already been inserted in 
 the Biogr. Dram, from Oldys's notes. This event 
 happened about I691 or 1692, for his last play, the 
 Massacre of Paris, is printed in 1690, and Mr. Sou- 
 therne in his poem to Mr. Congreve before his " Old 
 Bachelor" 169 ?, mentions his death. He was buried 
 at St. Clement Danes, aged about thirty. five years. 
 
 *^ There is, or lately was, a brother of Nat. Lee, 
 somewhere in, or near the Isle of Axholme in Lin- 
 colnshire, who has a trunk full of his writings, as I 
 have been informed by old Mr. Samuel Westley, the 
 late parson of Epworth in Lincolnshire." 
 
 Lee was patronized by Philip Earl of Pembroke and 
 Montgomery, to whom he dedicated his tragedy of 
 Caesar Borgia, 1680, and who shewed him some ex- 
 ternal honours, which got Lee some envy, and his 
 lordship more censure than either deserved. See the 
 Satire upon the Poets in imitation of the Seventh. 
 Satire of Juvenal, printed in the State- Poems, and re- 
 printed by R. Cross in his Collection of Poems, 8vo, 
 
 • <• The ingenious Mr. William Thompson had two long letters about 
 Nat. Lee, written by Thomas Southeine, in which is ment;onsd Lee't 
 breaking somebody's head at V/ills' Coffee-hous: in one of his meriy niad 
 ftts.' 
 
 1747. 
 
178 
 
 j747j P' 9^» '^ which are the six following lines upon 
 Lord P. and dedicatingLee, because he staid so long at 
 Wilton that the butler feared he would empty the 
 cellar. 
 
 None of ournew nobility will send 
 
 To the King's Bench or to his Bedlam friend j 
 
 Pembroke lov'd tragedies and did provide 
 
 For butchers' dogs, and for the whole Bank-side j 
 
 The bear was fed, but dedication Lee 
 
 Was thought to have a greater paunch than he. 
 
 *' Queen Anne, when she was Princess, played 
 Semandra in Lee's " Mithridates" (1678, 410.) with 
 other nobility at Court in the Banqueting-house, 
 Whitehall. She was taught the part by Mr. Joseph 
 Ashbury. 
 
 " Most of Lee's plays are printed by John Bentley 
 the bookseller, who, in a catalogue at the end of St. 
 Evreniond's Gallant Memoirs, and translated by P, 
 Bolson (or Belon) printed Lino. 168 1, has added 
 some of John Crown's to them. Lee's plays are 
 printed together in 2 vols, 8vo. 17 13, in 3 vols. i2mo. 
 1722, the last edition 3 vols. i2mo. 1734 " 
 
 *' In Theodosius, or the Force of Love, a tragedy, 
 1680, 4to. are several entertainments of singing ; the 
 music by the famous Henry Purcell, being the first 
 time he ever composed for the stage. See Mrs. Eliza 
 Hey wood's Companion to the Theatre, Vol. IL p. 329, 
 
 1747." 
 
 " See Gildon's Character of Lee, Cibber's Apology 
 
 andTom Brown of him, Jacob in his Life, and Dryden, 
 
 Sir Carr Scrope, and Mr. Duke in their prologues of 
 
 his plays, and Felton, and Tallers, Sec. and Downcs 
 
 3 ^^^^ 
 
179 
 
 the Prompter of his first appearance on the stage, and 
 Sessions of Poets, and Dr. Trapp's character of him 
 in his Praclectiones Poeticae, and my Epigram printed 
 in the last volume of Epigrams for Walthoe." 
 
 Aet. XIV. Characters of the Poets and Actors in 
 
 King Charles II's. Reign. 
 [fkom the gentleman's magazine, 1745, vol. XV. p. 99 ] 
 
 *' Though misfortunes joined with my own choice, 
 have greatly abated the taste, which I once had for 
 poetry, (alas 1 'tis now full sixty years since I bad 
 adieu to the Muses,) yet let me profess (vanity may be 
 a little pardonable in what Will Davenant calls talk- 
 ative old age) that the wits and poets usually esteemed 
 me a notable young fellow. I am now in my 87th 
 year, and though my memory fails as to things of yes- 
 terday, yet I remember the bards and theatres of 
 Charles the Second's Reign, (even the comedy you 
 allude to, * at its first appearance,) as well as you can 
 recollect any thing concerning the present poets or 
 theatres. 
 
 ^' I remember plain John Dryden (before he paid his 
 court with success to the great) in one uniform cloath- 
 ing of Norwich drugget. I have eat tarts with him and 
 Madam Reeve f at the Mulberry garden, when our 
 author advanced to a sword and chadreux wig. Pos- 
 terity is absolutely mistaken as to that great man ; 
 though forced to be a satirist, he was the mildest 
 
 * Marriage A La Mode, by Dryden. 
 
 •j- Mrs. Ann Reeve, Dryden's mistress ; she acted the part in the Re- 
 he.irsal, &c. She died a Religious. 
 
 creature 
 
y8o 
 
 creature breathing, and the readiest to help the young 
 and deserving; though his comedies are horribly full 
 of double entendres, yet it was owing to a false com- 
 plaisance for a dissolute age. He was in company the 
 modestest man that ever conversed. 
 
 ** Master Elkanah Settle, * the city poet, I knew, 
 with his short-cut band, and sattin cap. He run away 
 from Oxford with the players at an act, as Otway did 
 the same year 1674. You'll be glad to know any 
 trifling circumstance concerning Otway. His person 
 was of middle size, about five feet seven inches in 
 height, inclinable to fatness. He had a thoughtful 
 speaking eye, and that was all. He gave himself up 
 early to drinking, and, like the unhappy wits of that 
 age, passed his days between rioting and fasting, ranting 
 jollity and abject penitence, carousing one week with 
 
 Lord PI th, and then starving a month in low 
 
 company at an ale-house on Tower-hill. 
 
 *' Poor Nat. Lee (I cannot think of him without tears) 
 had great merit. In the poetic sense he had, at inter- 
 vals, inspiration itself: but lived an outrageous bois- 
 terous life like his brethren. He was a well looking 
 man, and had a very becoming head of hair. A pic- 
 ture of him I never saw. He was so esteemed and be- 
 loved, that before his misfortune we always called him 
 honest Nat, and afterwards poor Nat. 
 
 *« Shadwell in conversation was a brute, f Many a 
 
 cup 
 
 * Whea above seventy years old, he published ati Elegy on the Duke of 
 Marlborough, 410. 1722, and died in the Charter-house, 1723- 
 
 •f " Thomas Shadwell was born at Stanton-Hall in Norfolk, 1^40. His 
 father had eleven children. He was bred up at Bury school, and Caius Col^ 
 ie^s In Cambijdge. At the age of twenty-three years he went over to Ire- 
 land, 
 
i8i 
 
 cup of metheglin have I drank with little starched 
 Johnny Crown j we called him so from the stiff un- 
 alterable primness of his long cravaU 
 
 "But 
 
 land, and at four months end returned. His father was bred to the law, and 
 had a place of profit and distinction in his profession in Ireland, and when 
 Tom retujned from Ireland he had chambers in the Middle Temple. Hii 
 father bestowed thelearning and exercises of a gentleman upon him, aj music* 
 &c. which himself tells us in his dedication to the loth Satire of Juvenal to 
 Sir Charles Sedley. See the Preface of Henry Higden's Modern Essay oa the 
 loth Satire of Juvenal with annotations, dedicated to Richard Lord Lumley* 
 with verses prefixed by Dryden,Mrs.Behn,and E. Settle; — in which preface 
 this author laughs at Shadwell's Translation of Juvenal, and at him too. It 
 is printed in 4to. 1689, in fifty-eight pages. 
 
 " Notwithstanding that Lord Rochester has said. 
 
 None seem to touch upon true comedy. 
 But hasty Shadwell and slow Wychcrley; 
 
 yet that Lord had a better opinion of his conversation than his writings, when 
 he said, that if Shadwell had burned all he wrote, and printed all he spoke, 
 he would have shewn more wit and humour than any other poet. But the 
 wit of his conversation was often very immoral, obscene, and profane. By 
 which course having meanness of spirit and servility %o render himself ridicu- 
 lous and contemptible to men of fortune, title, and wit, he got their favour 
 and assistance, under the pretence of being a useful instrument of the Re- 
 volution. Lord Lansdowne has a short discourse on these two lines above, 
 against the remark of Wycherley's being a slow writer." Oidys MSS. 
 
 " I have heard that Dorset, Sedley, and others of those idle wits would 
 Write whole scenes for him." ItiJ. 
 
 Shadwell died Nov. Idgi, aged about 57 (but qu. the date of his birth 
 above?) — " See his Li/e before his plays, in 3 vols. izmo. 1720, pub- 
 lished by his son John Shadwell, and dedicated to the King. He also 
 wrote the short account of his father's Life before it, and the epitaph at the 
 end in Latin, in which Bishop Sprat prevailed on him to retrench part of 
 the high encomium ha had given of plays, unseemly to be read in a 
 church : but here the castrated inscription is restored according to the ori- 
 ginal as it is said in his life." Ibiti. 
 
 " Upon the d«ath of Mr. Shadv.-eli, see a character of him as a comic 
 writer and ucefal in his degree, nrt sublime genius, or master of an elegant 
 
 stylfi. 
 
i8a 
 
 «* Bui this, my friend, is all the pure digression of old 
 age. I will now speak to that part of your verses * 
 which relates to the first acting of Marriage A La Mode, 
 on account of which you committed thcra to my in- 
 spection, desiring some account of the then existing 
 theatre. This comedy, acted by his Majesty's servants 
 at the Theatre Royal^ made its first appearance with 
 extraordinary lustre. Divesting myself of the old man, 
 I solemnly declare that you have seen ho such acting, 
 no not in any degree since. The players were then, 
 1673, on a court establishment, seventeen men and 
 eight women. But I am out of my province on this 
 head. It is to be hoped that Mr. Gibber will give us 
 an history of the stage from Shakspcare's time, or at 
 least from the restoration till the period where his own 
 begins, 1690. If any traditionary accounts remain, 
 he is the only man living who can inform you: — If he 
 should die without composing such a work, the loss to 
 the Belles Lettres world will be irreparable. 
 
 '' Old Bowman, I think, is no more, to the infinite 
 regret of the curious and ingenious in this particular; 
 others will drop off daily, except Mr Gibber takes 
 down what they remember, and delivers it to posterity. 
 That admirable and worthy person Mrs. Bracegirdle 
 must recollect many circumstances, which it is greatly 
 
 style, in «' P. Miitteux's Gentleman's Journal, or Monthly Miscellany for 
 Nov. 1692," p. zi, and of his being succeeded by Tate as Pcct Laureat, 
 and by Rymer as Historiographer ; also of his posthumous comedy The 
 Volunteers." Ibid, 
 
 " His wife, Anne Shadweli, acted in Otway's Don Carlos." Jbid. 
 " His son, sir John Shadweli, knight, physician to Q^Anne, died 
 4 Jan. 1747." Gent. Mag. vol. xvii. p. 47. 
 
 * ** Verses to Mrs. Sybilla, on her acting the Goddess of Dtilness, and 
 persuading her to attempt M jlaiitha in Dryden's Marriage A La Mode, which 
 preceded this Memoir. 
 
 hoped 
 
>83 
 
 hoped she will commit to paper. Ten years hence any 
 history of the stage in the abovementioned manner will 
 be impracticable: forty years ago nothing might have 
 been performed more easily. 
 
 " As Mr. Cibber is the only person furnished with 
 materials for this delightful and ingenious work, so he 
 is alone the proper person for stage criticisms and ob- 
 servations. (Some things might be intermixed con- 
 cerning the famous stage poets of Charles the Second^s 
 time, of whom at present we hardly know a syllable.) 
 In short Mr. Gibber's book has given the public ex- 
 ceedingly great pleasure. His characters of the men, 
 Betterton, Montfort, Kynaston, Sandford, Nokes, 
 Underbill^ Leigh ; — and of the women, Mrs. Better- 
 ton, Barry, Leigh, Butler, Montfort, and Bracegirdle, 
 are as animated, as strongly marked, and as precisely 
 individuated, as can be conceived. How the play- 
 house stood from the Restoration till the year 1670, I 
 cannot say. The King's theatre had a manifest ad- 
 vantage over the Duke's along, till their union 1684. 
 
 *^The players probably may have by them written 
 parts with the actors names affixed, from the year 60 
 to 70, which will greatly inform us of the state of the 
 stage at its most curious period : the printed plays af- 
 ford us little or no light. Be that as it will, the stage 
 in the year 70 arrived to the zenith of its glory. From 
 that time to the union of the two companies, I have 
 framed as accurate a list of actors and actresses, as ' 
 came within my narrow compass of knowledge. 
 
 " I am, &c. " W. G." * 
 
 * From the above lively and interesting Memoir, Maloiie has made ex- 
 tracts in his Life of Dryden, p. 4GS, in which he says it has been attributed 
 to Southerne, with whose age he observes it is inconsistent. See in th; same 
 li/e, p. 1765 a curiou: letter of Southerne. 
 
 Art. 
 
i84 
 
 Art. XV. IVat son's History of the Warrens j Earls 
 of Surry. 
 
 [Continued from No. I. p. 23 ] 
 
 I have promised to continue the account of Dr. 
 Watson's History of the Warrens, and therefore now 
 resume it. But it is far from my intention to encum- 
 ber this work with genealogical discussions : they are 
 not the taste of the day ; nor do I wonder at it ; they 
 recal reflections too painful ; they remind us too 
 acutely of the strange inversions which society has so 
 rapidly undergone within these very few vears j of the 
 quick decay of families ; of the uncertainty of wealth ; 
 and the little advantage of birth and station ; of the 
 prosperity of contractors and adventurers ; and of the 
 daring insolence of the half-bred and mongrel great, 
 who are still more anxious to suppress and extinguish 
 the genuine stocks of ancient nobility and gentry, than 
 to insult and despise the newest upstarts from India or 
 the Stock Exchange. It is not necessary to point out 
 more particularly the kind of people to whom I allude; 
 but I may add, that I mean those whose names were 
 never heard of in history, or in important offices for 
 more than two or three generations j who having beea 
 suddenly drawn, by an accidental alliance or unex- 
 pected fortune, from some obscure manor-house, 
 beyond the circuit of which their celebrity had never 
 before travelled, have by a perseverance in intrigue and 
 servility and interested connections, accumulated a 
 fearful preponderance in estates and places and titles; 
 or those, who having obtained through the medium of 
 some of our dependencies, local rank and conse- 
 quence. 
 
1% 
 
 qUence, have fastened themselves to some good name 
 of the mother-country, arid obtruding with officious 
 want of feeUng among its aristocracy, have been in- 
 ebriated by the fumes of the undeserved prosperity, 
 which they have acquired by their assumption and 
 manoeuvres. 
 
 I stated in the former Number, that whatever was 
 the real Hue in which Sir George Warren descended 
 from the Earls of Surry, the mode of his descent from 
 the time of Edward III, when his ancestor Sir Edward 
 De Warren married the heiress of the barony of Stock- 
 port, could admit of no question. His son Sir John 
 married Margaret daughter of Sir John Stafford of 
 Wickham, and died lo Ric. II. leaving Nicolas, who 
 dying about 1413, left by Agnes daughter of Sir 
 Richard de Winnington, Sir Laurence de Warren, 
 who married Margery daughter of Hugh Bulkfeley, and 
 died 1444, leaving John de Warren, who married 
 Isabel daughter of Sir John Stanley of Lathom, K. G* 
 and dying 23 Hen. VII. had Sir Laurence, who died 
 V. P. and left two sons, of whom William the younger 
 was ancestor of the present Admiral Sir John Borlajie Ji 
 Warren, Bart, and K. B. and Sir John the elder mar- "^^ 
 ried Eleanor daughter of Sir Thomas Gerard of Bryn, 
 and dying 1518, left Laurence de Warren_, who mar- 
 ried Margaret daughter of Sir Piers Legh of Lyme, and 
 had Sir Edward Warren, who rebuilt the mansion in 
 Poynton Park, and married Dorothy daughter of Sir 
 William Booth of Dunham-Massey : he died 12 Oct. 
 1558, and was father of John Warren, whose wife was 
 Margaret daughter of Sir Richard MMineux of Sefton, 
 and whose death happened 7 Dec. 30 Eliz. A por- 
 trait of him, aet. 40, 1580, is inserted in this History, 
 
 o His 
 
i86 
 
 ilis son and heir Sir Edward Warren, married Ann 
 daughter of Sir WiUiam Davenport of Bramall, and 
 died 13' Nov. 1609. This Knight's portrait is also 
 here inserted — both engraved by Basire. His son> John 
 Warren, died 20 June 162 i, leaving by Anne, daughter 
 of George Ogncll of Bilsley in Warwickshire, Edward 
 his son and heir, commonly called Stag Warren, oa 
 account of his great size and strength, who died 1687, 
 leaving by Margaret daughter of Henry Arderne of 
 Harden near Stockport, John Warren, born 1630, 
 who was one of the Judges of Chester, Flint, Denbio-h, 
 and Montgomery, 1681, and dying 20 March 1 705 — 6, 
 left by Anne daughter and heiress of Hugh Cooper of 
 Chorley, Edward Warren, born 1659, ^'^'^"'^ married 
 t)orothy daughter and heir of John Talbot of Dinkley, 
 by whom he had Edward Warren, Esq. who married 
 1731 Lady Elizabeth, daughter of George Earl of 
 CholiTiondelev, and dying 7 Sept. 1737, was father of 
 the late Sir George Warren, who was made K.B. 26 
 May 1 761, and died within these few years, leaving by 
 his first wife Jane daughter and heiress of Thomas 
 Revel,. Esq. of Mitcham in Surry, an only daughter 
 and heir, married to the present Viscount Bulkeley, 
 who has no issue. 
 
 Thus ends the principal branch of the truly ancient 
 family of Warren of Poynton, while the collateral 
 branch dignified by the heroic -actions of Sir John 
 
 ^vBorla/e Warren seems to promise little more stability; 
 
 ■/ his only son having fallen gloriously at the landing in 
 tegypt, in i8or. 
 
 How vain therefore were Sir .George Warren's 
 anxieties for the revival of the ancient honours of his- 
 famiiy, which would have been already extinguished ! 
 
 Vain, 
 
Vain, even if successful, would have been the Ingenulty 
 and earnestness with which Dr. Watson pleaded the 
 cause of his friend and patron, when, towards the close 
 of his work, he wrote the following passages, among 
 others. 
 
 " Why, at the decease of the last earl John, with- 
 out lawful issue, did none of the family lay claim to 
 this title, if it really belonged to them? To this I 
 answer, that they might have a reason for not doing it 
 then, which reason may have no existence now. 
 Their finances, as the estates were left from them, 
 might not be thought adequate to the necessary ex- 
 pences of so elevated a station ; and therefore they 
 might either not attempt it, or might meet with dis- 
 couragement from the crown on that very account. 
 The kings of England, while the subjects held their 
 estates by military tenure, found it was not their in- 
 terest to permit men of small property to succeed to 
 such great titles, when no lands belonged to them. In 
 reality they did not partake of the nature, nor answer 
 the end of an English barony, which was to supply the 
 king with assistance against the enemies of the realm; 
 for the earldom of Warren not having an inch of land 
 annexed to it, and consequently not being obliged in 
 any case to bring a single soldier into the field, could 
 only be made use of for mere aggrandizement ; which, 
 whatever it may be now, was then a very impolitic 
 reason on the part of the state to admit, where it could 
 be avoided; neither was this very difficult to manage, 
 when the crown had so much power. Whatever 
 notions we may at this day entertain of British liberty, 
 it was not an easy thing in the reign of King Edward 
 
 O 2 HI. 
 
i88 
 
 III for a private man, let his pretensions have been 
 ever so just, to have prosecuted an affair of this sort 
 against his sovereign's incHnation; they were most 
 favoured who could muster the strongest phalanx. 
 
 '' But let all this be as it would, their want of 
 claiming this title^ does not exclude their right to it; 
 nor would their being denied it on proper application, 
 take away their just pretensions to itj for with regard 
 to the first, there are plenty of instances where titles 
 h-ve lain dormant for generations, or remained in 
 abeyance, as hereditates^jaccntes, in expectation that 
 the next in blood would sometime sue for the same^i 
 and have at last been recovered ; and with respect to 
 th« second, it is well known that one prince has 
 granted what another has refused. No perpetual bar 
 therefore either ought or can be put to applications of 
 this sort. Titles should not be extinguished without 
 irery substantial reasons, but no substantial reason can 
 be given, why that of the earl of Warren should un- 
 dergo this fate, so long as there has neither been for- 
 feiture nor want of blood. 
 
 " And though an infringement was made upon the 
 family right, by conferring the title in question on 
 such who had no pretensions to it in the reigns of 
 Hen. VL. and Edw, IV>, yet those kings were ex- 
 cusable in what they did, because as the family of 
 Warren had neglected to claim it, they could not be 
 supposed to know any thing about it. Those acts 
 however cannot prejudice the present claimant, for 
 whether the grants were made in tail male or tail 
 general, the remainders are sp&nt. When a man's 
 property is put into a wrong handj he loses but the 
 
 possession 
 
1 89 
 
 possession of it, not his right to it;* atid thouo-h in 
 the case of titles, it would be impohtic to divest a 
 
 person 
 
 * " This 13 evident from the £ase of Lord Willoughby of Parham ; for Sif 
 WilliamWilloughby,Kt. being by letters patent, dated t6 Feb. i Edw. VI. 
 created Lord Willoughby of Parham, to hold to him and the heirs male of his 
 body, he was succeeded in that title by Charles his son, who had five sons; 
 viz. William, Sir Ambrose, Sir Thomas, Edward, end Charles; the three 
 first of whom only left issue male, which failed in the line of William in 
 1679, on the dece;ase of Chailes Lord Willoughby, who ought to have been 
 succeeded in that honour by Henry, grandson of the above Sir Ambrose, but 
 be settled in Virginia, and died there in 1685, ignorant of the failure of 
 issue male in the elder branch of the family ; and not appearing to assert his 
 claim, Thomas, son of Sir Thomas Willoughby above-named, was summoned 
 to Parliament by the title aforesaid, en a presumption that Sir Ambrose and 
 his two brothers Edward and Charles were ail dead without issue male ; and 
 the descendants of the said Thomas enjoyed the honour till the death of Hugh 
 Lord Willoughby of Parham, who died unmarried in Jan. 1765, at whose 
 decease, Col. Henry Willoughby claimed this title, as the direct descendant of 
 ■the above Sir Anabrose, and obtained it." — Watson. 
 
 I take this opportunity of adding to this note the following from Cole's 
 MSS. in Bri». Mus. Vol. XVIH. p. 155. " Hugh Lord Willoughby of 
 Parham died at his house in Craven Street in the Strand in Jan. 1765, He 
 was a very ingenious min, but so bigoted a Presbyterian, that I heard Mr. 
 Coventry ef Magdalen College in Cambridge, the author of Philemon to 
 Hydaspes, who was well acquainted with him, say, that his conscience was so 
 nice, that he could not bring himself to receive the sacrament in the church of 
 England on his knees without scruples, and thought it idolatry. He had a 
 very small estate, and when it came to him with the title, he was in a very 
 humble capacity in the army. I think he left several valurible curiosities 
 to ttie Antiquuian Society, and died at the age of fifty-five years." 
 
 On ttie death of Col. Henry Willoughby, his successor, the title went to 
 his nephew George, on whose death i» 1779 it became extinct, so that this 
 unfortunate branch had scarce attained their right before they expired. — In 
 the General Evening Post, i8 Nov. 1779, there was inserted the following 
 character of the last peer : " The late lord Willoughby of Parham was 
 born about the year 1748-9, was educated at Warrington academy in Lan- 
 •ashire, and removed from thence to Queen's Collcg?, Camoridge, wheie 
 he was admitt'd pensjonsr about 1770. He resided there ab^-ut two year? j 
 « 3 vii. 
 
1 90 
 
 person thereof when once allowed to hini^ yet when 
 the limitations are over, as in the instances before us, 
 the claim is again laid open as full and free as it was 
 before. There are even these advantages attending 
 what has been done, that when the crown conferred 
 the title of the earl of Warren, it was looked upon as 
 something fit to be continued, and being by creation, 
 it evidently proved, that neither Mowbray nor the 
 Duke of York had any right to it within themselves." 
 The descent of the present Admiral, Sir John Bor-^ 
 lai^e Warren, K. B. is thus deduced by Dr. Watson. 
 William, 2d son of Sir Laurence de Warren of Poin- 
 ton, Kt. in the time of Edw. IV. (by Isabel Legh) 
 
 viz. from about May 1770 to about July 1772. Here he was distinguished 
 for his amiable disposition, for his integrity, steadiness in his friendships, and 
 that beautiful philanthropy, for vvliich his friends and acquaintance so much 
 esteemed him. Upon the death of that venerable old man, the late lord 
 Willoughby of Parham, about 1775 or 1776, he succeeded to the title, and 
 though attached from principle to the measures of administration, yet he 
 always gave his vote in the House of Peers according to his conscience." 
 
 If the obtainment of their birthright was to be fortunate, this branch of 
 the Willoughbys were more fortunate than the collateral branch of another 
 noble familylhas since been, who, with better proofs and better pretensions, 
 have had the contest with them prolonged beyond that of the siege of 
 Troy, by means which it may be irapru ent here to characterize, consider- 
 ing the strictness of the press in these days, and have at length incuned a 
 decision against them, v/hlch yet can never alter their right. But mark 
 how fickle are all h\iman enjoyments ! They no sooner acquired the end of 
 all their long wishes, than they died, and have icarce left a trace of theni 
 behind. It is remarkable that of these two families, so very singularly cir- 
 cumstanced, the, last possessor of the honours of the one, and the claimant 
 to those of the other, were intimate friends and companions. But why 
 should 1 call the latter less fortunate ? His family are not likely to b« 
 extinguished ; an i it may operate as a spur upon iheir industry j it may 
 incite them to exalt their hearts, to cultivate their talents, to win by their 
 own deserts the due lewards from a more grateful posterity, and elevate 
 themselves above the world and those who would lic-jiress them, by the 
 force of paramount abilities ! 
 
 settled 
 
19^ 
 
 settled at Caunton in Nottinohaniihire, and had two 
 sons, of whom John the eldest, died in 1525. and 
 William the second was seated at Corlingstoek in Not- 
 tinghamshire, and about 1526 purchased the manor of 
 Thorpe- Arnold in Leicestershire He left a son Wil- 
 liam, of Thorpe- Arnold, who died in 159?, and was 
 father of Sir Arnold Warren, Kt. an eminent loyalist, 
 who, by Dorothy daughter of Sir Arthur Wilmot of 
 Osmaston in Derbyshire, bad Arthur Warren born at 
 Thorp-Arnold, 1617, who died in 1678, leaving, by 
 Catharine daughter of Sir Rowland Rugely, Arthur 
 Warren, Sheriff of Notts, 1662, who sold Thorp- 
 Arnold, and bought Stapleford, &c, in J\^otts. He 
 married in 1676 Anne daughter and coheir of Sir John 
 Borlacc of Marlow, Bucks, Bart, and died in 1697. 
 His son Eorlace Warren was M. P. for Nottingham, 
 1734, 1741, and dying 1747, left, by- Anne daughter 
 of Sir John Harpur of Calke, John Borlace Warren, 
 born 1699, who died 1763, leaving by Bridget daugh- 
 ter of Gervase Rossil, Sir John Borlaee Warren, 
 created a Baronet 1775, and formerly M. P. for Mar- 
 low, and at present for Nottingham, who married 
 Caroline, youngest daughter of Sir John Clavcring, 
 K.B. 
 
 But these two volumes do not merely contain the 
 genealogy of the Warrens of Poynton and Stapleford ; 
 the whole of the first volume and a part of the second 
 is taken up with memoirs of the ancient earls, in 
 which much more historical matter is involved. There 
 are also a variety of prints of their ancient castles and 
 seals, as well as of Poynton Hall and Widdringtoij 
 castiC, the residences of Sir George Warren. 
 
 Dr. Watson, the compiler, died 14 March, 1783. 
 y'^^ o 4 Art. 
 
193 
 
 Art. XVI. Be Anima Medica Prcslectio, ex Lum^ 
 leii et CaldwaUi instittiio, in Theatro Collegii 
 Regalis Mcdicorum Londinensiiim, ad Socios ha~ 
 litttf Die Decemhris i6'°. Anno 1748°. A Fran. 
 Nicholls, M. D. Reg- Societatis Sodali, et Medica 
 Regio ordinario. Cui, quo clarius eluceantj qiic^ 
 in ipsa Prc^leclione Jigurate explicaniur, accesse- 
 Tunt Noice. Editio altera^ Notts ampliorilus aucta. 
 Cui accesslt Disquisitio de Motu ^Cordis et San- 
 guinis in liomine naio et non natn, TaLulis ieneis 
 illustrata, Londlni excudehat H.Hughs: Prostat 
 venalis, apud J. fFalter, juxta Charing-Cross, 
 M.DCC.LXXHL 4to. 
 
 Art, XVII. Franci Nicholsii, M. D. Georgii Se- 
 cundi Magnce Britannice Regis Medici ordinarii, 
 Vita : cum conjecturis ejusdem de natura et usu 
 partium humani corporis similarium. Scripiore 
 Thoma Lawrence, M.D. E Collegio Sanctce Tri^ 
 nitatis Oxon. et Collegii Medicorvm Londinensis 
 socio. Londini M.DCC.LXXX. 4/0. 
 
 Dr. Frank Nicholls is recorded in a very short aud 
 meagre article in the Biographical Dictionary, In 
 which these two works are mentioned ; but Dr. Law- 
 rence, a man equally deserving, the friend of Dr.John- 
 son, and well known for more than half a century ir^ 
 the circles of literature, is totally omitted, while many 
 a comparatively obscure name has found a place, and 
 a long panegyric, in those volumes. I know not whe^ 
 ther the latter article was ever published : I suspect it 
 was only given away among Dr. Nicholls's friends. 
 
 I do not presume tp give any criticism on the sub- 
 ject of the first article, a science of which I am totally 
 ignorant, but merely register it here for the notice of 
 
 tllQS^ 
 
1 95 
 
 those whom such Inquiries interest. All I can pre- 
 tend to form any opinion upon, are the composition 
 and language, which seem perspicuous, classical, and 
 elegant. But the following just and dignified senti- 
 ments, with which the first lecture commences, are of 
 general import. 
 
 ** Si quid inter dignum atque honestum interesse 
 vellem, hunc honesti nomine designarem, qui, dnm 
 turpia omnia atque indecora fugit, dum ne injuriam 
 alteri fecerit, cavet, dum eas virtutes colit, quze homi- 
 num fidem atque benevolentiam conciliant ; de aliorum 
 rebus, de ipsa etiam republica, parum solicitus, ad se 
 solum, suamque pacem, otium, atque felicitatem omnia 
 refert. Solus contra dignus, solus ille cultu, atque ho- 
 noribus ornandus videretur, qui ad aliorum commoda 
 magnum aliquid et eximium contulerit: tantumque 
 tribuendum cuique dignitatis, quantum vel suis, vel 
 civibus, vel humano generi profuerit. Ea enim lege 
 nascimur, et ea habemus principia naturae, quibus pa- 
 rere, et quae sequi debemus, ut hominibus consulere, 
 et humanse societati inservire, debeamus : ut utilitas 
 nostra communis utilitas, vicissimque communis vui- 
 litas sit nostra. 
 
 "Suae enim imbecillitatis, atque impotentise, conscii 
 in eos omnia homines libenter conferunt, quorum vel 
 opibus, vel consiliis, vel virtutibus fit, ut cum libertate 
 tuti, atque beati vivant. Hinc parenlibus apud suos 
 dignitas; hinc magistratibus apud cives auctoritasj 
 hinc purpura, splendoris et imperii insigne, ducibus et 
 regibus communi hominum pacto tribuuntiir; hinc 
 ffiquissimurn commercium inter homines instituitur, 
 ut, dum optimi cujusque labore, ingenio, virtute frui- 
 mur, amplessimo dignitatis prjemio (quje aliunde non 
 
 paratur) 
 
104 
 
 paratur) eadcm rependamus. Non fasces itaqiie, non 
 purpuram. non exstructas in altum divitias, non m- 
 geniura artibus, et scientiis, utcunque ornatum et 
 imbutum ; sed animum communi utilitati inservien-r 
 tern, dignitas sequitur: cum communi hominum con 
 sensu sola sit cultu, atque publicis honoribus, digna 
 ilia virtus, qiire ad corum rem confert, et in promo- 
 venua humani generis felicitate tota occupatur. 
 
 *' Neque alia est ex consociatis hominibus commu- 
 nitatum ratio; nisi quod, cum honoribus et immu- 
 nitatibus, ornentur, cum opibus et auctoritate, pactq 
 fcsdere muniantur, ut junctis viribus, et consiliis, pub- 
 iicie utilitati melius consulant et inserviantj neque 
 spem fallere, neque institutionis su^ conditiones clu- 
 dere,- sine pravo dedecore, ^.tque turpitudine, pos- , 
 sunt." 
 
 Dr. Lawrence dedicates his life of Dr. Nicholls to 
 the university of Oxford : and tiien begins the life 
 with the following paragraph : 
 
 *' Nichollsii vitam scripturo non quidem id solum 
 mihi est consilium ut genus, et fortunam, et mores, et 
 vitze consuetudinem quotidianam eximii illius viri tra- 
 dam ; sed, ut id etiam, quod reipublicse magis interest, 
 quantum scilicet in natura animali exponenda, quid in 
 vitffi salutisque causis aperiendis et potuerit, et fecerit 
 memorem." 
 
 Dr. Frank Nicholls was born in London in 1699, 
 of parents sprung from gentilitial families in Corn- , 
 wall : his father was a learned and industrious lawyer, 
 who had three sons and one daughter : the eldest son 
 William was educated to merchandize, but did not 
 follow it. Frank was educated at Westminster school, 
 and thence admitted of Exeter College, Oxford, in, 
 
 1714. 
 
^95 
 
 iyi4- Here he became distinguished in the studies 
 of the place; but more particularly in physic, and 
 above all in physiology. Here he read lectures on 
 anatomy with great applause, from whence he went 
 to London, and thence into Cornwall, where he prac- 
 tised for some time with much success, but after a 
 time, weary of the fatigues of country business, he 
 returned to London. 
 
 " Nichollsium praelegentem multa laude Oxonienses 
 exceperunt ; nam rebus injucundis gratiam, obscuria 
 lucem dedit : prseterea orationis splendido quodam ge- 
 nere utebatur, argumentorum momentis gravissimis, 
 rerum ubertate summa; non solum igitur iis, qui 
 Oxoniae medicinse studio incubuerunt, sese in ejus 
 disciplinam tradidere, sed et alii multi, illecebris -doc- 
 trince liberalis ducti, auditores quidem diligentes frue- 
 runt, ii nimirum, qui bus pars physices nulla ab homine 
 docto aliena videbatur," &c. 
 
 He now travelled to I'rance and Italy, and on his 
 return gave physiological lectures in London, which 
 were numerously attended, and to which many fioclced 
 from Oxford and Cambridge. In 1728 he was ejected 
 F. R. S., in i4^he took his degree of M.D, al Ox- ^^ tf 
 lord, and returning to London, was on 26 June, 1732, 
 elected a member of the College of Physicians ; and 
 after two years read the Gulston lecture there on the 
 fabric of the heart, and the circulation of the blood. 
 In 173^ he read the Hervey oration there ; in 1743 he (* 
 married the daughter and coheir of Dr Mead. In / 
 1753, on the death of Sir Hans Sloane, he succeeded 
 to the place of king's physician. On the death of 
 George II. which, on opening the body, appeared to 
 have been attended with uncommon circumstances 
 
 from 
 
igb 
 
 from a bursting of some vessel about the heart, Dr.Ni- 
 cholls gave a most clear account of it in a letter to lord 
 Macclesfield, as president of the Royal Society, among 
 whose transactions it is published. 
 
 At last, says Dr. Lawrence, with a happy elegance 
 and energy, " Pertiesus molestiarum, quae a miseriis 
 et ineptiis segrotantium medioinam facientibus gra- 
 vissimae esse solent, et simul impatiens urhis iniqucBf 
 in qua hominum suhdolorum artes in fama com^ 
 paranda magis quam eriulltio et peritia valeni, prre- 
 terea ut filio adolescenti artibus ingenuis in academia 
 operam daturo, custos morum, monitorque prudens 
 adesset, a Londino Oxonium, quo ipse ineunte ado- 
 lescentia in otio jucundissime annos aliquot transege- 
 rat, migravit. At postquam jurisprudentiae studium 
 filium Londinum revocaverat, comparata domo Ebe- 
 shami in agro Surriensi, senectutem in otio cum dig- 
 nitate egit. Nee tamen rerum naturalium curam 
 prorsus abjecitj nam experimentis aptis quaesivit, quid 
 Isetas segetes in agro feraci faciat, quid agrum sterilem 
 faecundet : naturam etiam plantarum interiorem, Lin- 
 naeo f'.cem praeferente, summa admiratione est con-r 
 ,. templatus.'* 
 ^ ^< At length, worn out, he placidly breathed his last on 
 
 J^/' ' *' Staturae fuit mediocris, corporis compacti, et cum 
 
 aevi integer erat, agilis. Facies ei honesta et decora ; 
 vultus benevolentiam et dignitatem prae se ferens, ita 
 ut primo aspectu reverentiam simul et amorem astan-^ 
 tium sibi conciliaretj varius autem et mutabilis, ut 
 hominis naturse simplicjs et aperti molus animi ex 
 oris immutatione facile cognosceres. Mira suavitaie 
 et perspicuitate orationis, et in sermone familiari, et in 
 
 prielectionibus 
 
^91 
 
 prselectionibus usus estj in his autem id praecipuse 
 laudis fuitj ut verbis propriisj ordine lucido extempore 
 prolatisj orationem aliorum meditatam et lepore et vi^ 
 ct £va/5y£<a facile vinceret. 
 
 " In aegrotorum curatione nihil prius habuit, quam 
 ut signa morbi propria a communibus, quod optime 
 potuit, nenipe qui physiologiam perspectam haberet, 
 ^ejungeret, ut quid oppugnandum esset cognosceret, 
 ut motus, quibus ex naturae instituto morbi causa vel 
 vinceretur, vel expelleretur, a motibus illis, quibus 
 homo patitur, nihil in malo amollendo agit, secerneret: 
 ilium enim medicinam feliciter facturum putavit non 
 qui symptomatis supprimendis, sed, qui, ex naturae 
 concilio, vim ejusdem ferocientis teraperarc, eandem 
 languentem excitarcj errantem, in viam reducere con- 
 tcndit Quis enim prudens in Cholera materiam acrem 
 per alvum exlturam cohiberet ? Quis malo arthritico 
 cum dolore et inflammatione pedem occupante, mor- 
 bum in sanguinem repelleret ? ut geger molliculus et 
 doloris impatiens avaAyr^o-Za frueretur. Nihil siquidem 
 in morbis capitalius esse statuit, quam, morbi causa 
 minime expulsa vel subacta, symptomata evanescere ; 
 imde vix aliud expectandum esse experientia docemur, 
 quam ut aegrotus dy^ap'^/j'^i manus hosii det. 
 
 " Medicamentorum in curationibus, quod satis 
 esset, parca manu adhibuit; religio quippe illi fuit 
 molestiis illis, quas morbus secum ferebat, alias ad- 
 dere. Literis Grzecis etLatinis satis doctusj in multis 
 libris legendis nonnullorum obscuram diligentiam con- 
 tempsitj cum medicinse principia vera, morborum fa- 
 cies varia, remediorum retendorum ratio paucis libris 
 sint tradita, sententiam vero cujusque vel inepti, vel 
 absurdi, vel delirantis,rogandi laborem stultum censuit. 
 
 " E vi;* 
 
** E vita excessit septimo die Januarii, antio JjjS^ 
 annum agens octogesimuni, de patria, de uxore, de 
 liberis, de amicis optime meriius, omnibus flebilis, 
 nuUi flebilior quam hujus libri scriptori, qui eo multos 
 annos famlliarissime usus est, qui eidem quicquid in 
 physiologia et medicina noverit, id pr^ceptis ejus ac- 
 ceptum gratus agnoscit, qui eum, dum viveret, ut 
 fratrem dilexit, ut parentem coluit.'^ 
 
 John Nicholls, his only surviving son, was in par- 
 liament many years till the last general election. 
 
 Having thus given some account of Dr. Nicholls, I 
 hope I may be permitted to copy from the Gentleman's 
 Magazine (Vol. LVII. p. 191) an excellent Memoir 
 of the writer of his Life, more especially as from some 
 unaccountable neglect the name of this celebrated 
 scholar and most amiable man is omitted in the 
 Biographical Dictionary. 
 
 DR. LAWRENCE. 
 
 March 1, 178;. 
 
 *' In almost every account which has been pub- 
 lished of Dr. Johnson since his death, mention having 
 been made of Dr. Lav.'rencc the physician, and some 
 mistakes concerning him having found their way into 
 most of them, the following short account of his life 
 may not be unacceptable, 
 
 '' Dr.Thomas Lawrence was the grandson of another 
 Dr.Thomas Lawrence, who was first physician to queen 
 Anne, a!)d physician general to the army : he lived to 
 a PTcatold aefe, and held employments under four sue- 
 cessive princes, beginning with Charles the Second, 
 by whom he was appointed physician to the garrison 
 at Tangier, part of the dowry of queen Catharine. 
 
 While 
 
199 
 
 While he was In that station, he married Mary Eliza* 
 beth, daughter to the lieutenant-governor o£ the garri- 
 son, by whom he had six sons and three daughters. 
 The eldefl: daughter, whom we shall have occasion to- 
 remember again in the course of this narrative, was 
 married to Mr. Gabriel Ramondon, a French gentle- 
 man; and the second, having become a widow by the 
 death of her first husband, colonel Edward Griffith, 
 was afterwards married to lord Mohun, well known for 
 his fatal contest with duke Hamilton, in which both 
 those noblemen lost their lives. All the six sons de- 
 dicated themselves to the profession of arms, and two 
 of them were killed in the service of their country, one 
 a soldier and the other a sailor, who was shot in a sea 
 engagement as he stood by the side of bis eldest bro- 
 ther Thomas, then a captain in the royal navy, and 
 father to Dr. Lawrence who is the subject of this 
 relation. 
 
 " He was born on the 25th of May, 17 11, In the 
 parish of St. Margaret, Westminster, the second 
 son of his father, by Elizabeth the daughter of Mr. 
 Gabriel Soulden, merchant of Kinsale in Ireland, and 
 widow of colonel Piers. About the year 17*5 captain 
 Lawrence, being appointed to the Irish station, car- 
 ried his family into that country, where his wife's 
 relations resided. But she dying in the year 1724, and 
 leaving him with five children, one of which was a 
 daughter, he determined, being possessed of a very 
 easy fortune, to quit the navy, and to accept the invi- 
 tation of his eldest sister Mrs. Ramondon, who was 
 lately become a widow, of settling with her at South- 
 ampton, where she undertook the superintendence of 
 his family, till, in the year 1726, he married a second 
 
 timei 
 
506 
 
 time to Elizabeth the daughter of major Rufane, who 
 survived her husband, and is still alive. Some years 
 after this captain Laxvrence went with his family to 
 Greenwich, and soon after his removal thither was 
 appointed one of the captains of the hospital, where 
 he died in December 1747. 
 
 *' On his arrival at Southampton young Lawrence 
 was placed under the care of the Rev. Mr. Kingsman, 
 master of the free-school at that place, and there 
 finished his school education, which he had begun at 
 Dublin, and was entered in October 1727 a com- 
 moner of Trinity College, Oxford, under the tuition 
 of the Rev. George Huddesford, afterwards president 
 of that college, when he removed to London, where 
 he pursued his studies till some time in the year 1734, 
 and according to the custom of young physicians at 
 that time, took a lodging in the city for the conve- 
 nience of attending St. Thomas's Hospital, and became 
 a pupil of Dr. Nicholls, who was then reading anato- 
 mical lectures in London, with a celebrity never at- 
 tained by any other before or since. The novelty of 
 his discoveries, the gracefulness of his manner, and 
 the charms of his delivery, attracting to him, not only 
 the medical people in every line, but persons of all 
 ranks and all professions, who crowded upon him 
 from every quarter. What progress Dr. Lawrence 
 made under such a teacher is too well known to be 
 here insisted upon. At these lectures he formed many 
 of those friendships which he most valued during the 
 remainder of his life j and here he was first acquainted 
 with Dr. Bathurst, by whom he was afterwards intro- 
 duced to the friendship of Dr. Johnson. 
 
 *' In the year 1740 he took the degree of doctor of 
 
 physic 
 
201 
 
 physic at Oxford, and was, upon the resignation of Dr. 
 Nicholls, chosen Anatomical reader in that Univer- 
 sity, where he read lectures for some year?, as he did 
 also in London, having quitted his lodgings in the 
 city for an house in Lincoln's-Inn Fields, which had 
 before been occupied by Dr. Nicholls, and was vacated 
 by. him upon his marriage with the daughter of Dr. 
 Mead. 
 
 " On the 25th of May 1744, Dr Lawrence was mar- 
 ried, at the parish church of St. Andrew, Holborn, by 
 Dr. Taylor, Prebendary of Westminster, to Frances 
 the daughter of Dr. Chaunoy, a physician at Derby, 
 by whom he had six sons and three daughters. Upon 
 his marriage he took an house in Essex-street in the 
 Strand, where he continued to read his anatomical 
 lectures till the year 1750. After which he laid them 
 aside, and devoted himself more entirely to physick, 
 in which he had for many years a considerable share 
 of business, which he obtained solely by the reputation 
 of his skill and integrity; for he laboured under the 
 disadvantage of very frequent and severe fits of deaf- 
 ness, and knew no art of success but that of deserving 
 it. 
 
 "In the same year 1744, he was chosenFellow of the 
 Royal College of Physicians in London, where he 
 read successively all the lectures instituted in that 
 society with great reputation both for his professional 
 knowledge, and for the purity and elegance of his 
 Latin; nor did he confine himself to the oral instruc- 
 tion of his contemporaries, for in 1756 he published a 
 medical disputation de Hydrope, and in 1759 de Na- 
 tura Musculorum Prelectiones tres; and when th6 
 College published the works of Dr. Harvey in 1766, 
 
 P Dr, 
 
Z02 
 
 Dr. Lawrence wrote the life which is prefixed to that 
 edition, for which he had a compliment of too 
 auineas. In 1759 he was chosen Elect, and in 17^7 
 President of the College of Physicians, to which office 
 he was re-elected for the seven succeeding years. 
 
 '^^In 1773 an event happened to his family, which as 
 it gave occasion to a very elegant Latin Ode by Dr. 
 Johnson, now published, it may not be impertinent 
 to relate in this place. The East India Company 
 being then in the meridian of their power, the second 
 of his sons then alive, a young man of very lively 
 parts and aspiring hopes, was so dazzled by the splen- 
 did accounts brought home by the servants of the 
 Company, and had so much fixed his mind upon 
 trying his fortune in that part of the world, that his 
 friends were induced to persuade his father to comply 
 with his inclinations in this point; yet such was his 
 opinion of the corruptions and temptations of the 
 East Indies, that though his son went oiat with many 
 advantac^es of connection and recommendation, the 
 grief of so parting with him, dwelt long upon his mind. 
 The supreme court of judicature being established at 
 Calcutta a few years after, Mr. Lawrence complied 
 with the wishes of his friends in returning to the law, 
 for which profession he had been educated, and became 
 an advocate in that court; he died at Madras, whither 
 he went for the recovery of his health, in December 
 1783, having obtained the rank of second advocate to 
 the East India Company. 
 
 " About this time Dr. Lawrence's health began to de- 
 cline, and he first perceived symptoms of that disorder 
 on the breast, which is called by the physicians the 
 Angina Pectoris, and which continued to afflict him 
 
 t* 
 
J203 
 to the end of his life ; notwithstanding, he remitted 
 little of his attention, either to study or business; for 
 no man of equal sensibility had a greater contemj)t of 
 giving way to suffering of any kind; he still continued 
 his custom of rising at very early hours, that he might 
 secure leisure for study in the quiet part of the day; 
 and his old friend and instructor, Dr. Nicholls, dying 
 in the beginning of the year 1778, he paid a tribute of 
 friendship and gratitude to his memory by writing an 
 account of his life, which was printed in 1780, 
 
 "The death of his friend was soon followedby a nearer 
 loss, for on the 2d of January 1780, it pleased God 
 to afflict him by the death of his wife, with whom he 
 had lived with great happiness for above thirty-five 
 years; from this time his health and spirits began 
 more rapidly to decline. 
 
 ^'The following year, the lease of his house in Essex* 
 street being expired, he had nearly agreed for another, 
 which was more commodious, when his family, ob- 
 serving the hourly and alarming alteration of his health, 
 put a stop to the negociation, and prevailed with him 
 to retire from business and London ; his own choice 
 inclined him to Oxford, but it being objected that 
 city was not so eligible as some others, for a family 
 that would chiefly consist of women, he at length fixed 
 upon Canterbury, where he hoped that the Cathedral 
 would supply him with a society as suitable, if not so 
 numerous, as that of Oxford. 
 
 " In consequence of this resolution, an house was 
 hired at Canterbury, and Dr. Lawrence removed 
 thither with his family on the i6th of June 1782. 
 But so rapid was the progress his disorder, which 
 now indubitably appeared to be paralytic, had made 
 P 2 durlntr 
 
::o4 
 
 during the course of the prececiuig whiter, that before 
 the necessary preparations for the removal of his family 
 could be finished, it had by slight but repeated strokes 
 nearly deprived him of the power of speech, and en- 
 tirely of the use of his right hand. He continued in 
 this state for almost a year, and died on the 6th of 
 June 1783, loved, honoured, and lamented by all who 
 knew him." 
 
 I can add little to this just, modest, and well-writ- 
 ten account, which I suspect came from a very near 
 and accomplished relation of the subject of it. There 
 nOw survive only two children of this learned phy- 
 sician, Elizabeth widow of George Gipps, Esq. late 
 M. P. for Canterbury, and Sir Soulden Lawrence, Kt. 
 one of the Judges of the King's Bench, to whom it 
 may truly be said, as Milton said in a famous sonnet 
 to one, who was I believe related to this family, 
 " Lawrence, of vh'tuous father virtuous son !" 
 one who is a real honour to the Bench on which he 
 sits; a true constitutional judge, above the fumes of 
 pride and power ; acute, - yet candid ; learned, yet 
 modest; ready, yet patient; firm, yet mild; but who 
 feels no pleasure in the dignified station which he has 
 obtained, equal to what he would have received in the 
 gratification of a fond parent, had he survived to see his 
 son fulfil all his anxious wishes for him. * 
 
 • The late Mr. Lawrence of Kirby Fleatham in Yoikshire, M. P. for 
 Rippon, was first cousin to Dr. Lawrence. 
 
 Walton says that " Lawrence, the virtuous father" of Milton, was M. P. 
 for Hertfordshire, in 1653, and that the family appears to have been seated 
 not far from Milton's neighbourhood in Buckinghamshire: for Henry 
 Lawrence's near relation, William Lawrence, a writer, and appointed a Judge 
 In Scotland by Cromwell, and in 1631 a gentleman commoner of Trinity 
 College, Oxford, died at Belfont near Staines in Middlesex, in 1682." — T. 
 Warton's Milton's juvenile Poems, 1785, p. 361, 
 
 AtxT. 
 
Art. XVIII. On the most valualle Materials of Bio- 
 graphy ^ ivith Extracts from the Letters, and Re- 
 marks on the Character, loth literary and moral, 
 of Cowper. 
 
 I know not whether it is from an ill-natured triumph, 
 or whether, as I hope and bcHeve, from an amiable 
 sympathy, tha,t those passages in biography and other 
 writings, in which the movements, the foibles, and 
 weaknesses, of the human heart arc opened with a 
 frank and undisguised simplicity, arc universally read 
 with the keenest interest and delight. Hence it seems, 
 that whatever be the variations in shape, dress, and 
 colour, of vanity and affectation, the real internal 
 workings of nature, in the bosoms of human beings, 
 have the strongest similitude. It is by pictures of this 
 kind that the best knowledge is attained, and the most 
 valuable quality of the memoirs of individuals disco- 
 vered. These delineations afford the best topics for 
 reflection and "remark, and cannot be contemplated 
 without deep improvement as well as pleasure. The 
 ordinary incidents of personal history, those superficial 
 events which give no insight into the feelings and 
 sentiments of the individual, are of little attraction, and 
 as little use. For this reason, those letters which 
 were never intended for the public ej-e; those effusions 
 in moments of strong agitation, in which the emo- 
 tions of the soul prevail over all form and ceremony 
 and ostentation, constitute the most precious materials 
 for the lives of eminent men. 
 
 But however easy it may seem to throw forth these 
 natural and unaffected touches ; to seize the primary, 
 
 p 3 genuine. 
 
2,o6 
 
 genuine, and unforced impressions of the head and the 
 heart; it is a power which few have possessed at all, 
 and still fewer in an exquisite degree. Yet there is a 
 lately deceased author, who was most eminently en- 
 dowed with this talent. I scarcely need mention the 
 name of Cowper, who, in his poems, and above all, in 
 his letters, has continually exhibited, by a few simple 
 strokes of his pen, these affecting traits. We behold 
 him with a mixture of humility and conscious inno- 
 cence laying bare all the secrets of his breast, and 
 pointing to all those amiable singularities and imbe- 
 cilities, of which the discovery would have made more 
 ordinary minds shrink with abasement. Well indeed 
 does he illustrate how fearfully and wonderfully we are 
 made! In thought so vigorous; in action so timici 
 and weak; in the closet so easy, fluent, natural, co- 
 pious, and bold; in public so confused, overwhelmed, 
 and dispossessed of himself! Delighted with the 
 cheapest, purest, and most virtuous amusements, yet 
 often losing the relish for every earthly occupation, 
 sinking into the most immoveable gloom, and de- 
 prest by the horrors of imaginary despair. Thence, 
 when the deranged chords of his exquisite frame had 
 again recovered their tone, trembling with new sensi- 
 hility at every breeze, throwing forth new notes of 
 poetic rapture to every air of heaven, and rising, al- 
 most to the very last, into notes of music and inspira- 
 tion, which will never cease to charm as long as our 
 language exists ! 
 
 When age and sorrow had at length seemed to 
 plunge him into irrecoverable melancholy, when he 
 took little notice of any thing around him, and ap- 
 peared to labour under all the imbecilities of departed 
 
 intellect^ 
 
intellect, still he could occasionally write poetry. When 
 he was as helpless as an infant, and had not spoke for 
 days, and perhaps weeks, he still possessed, and occa- 
 sionally exercised, that high faculty with which nature 
 had pre-eminently endowed him; he could translate, 
 he could write in Latin, and execute that kind of com- 
 position which is supposed to require the full command 
 of the best and loftiest powers of the mintl. V/hen he 
 sat mute and helpless, and as it seemed totally lost, 
 day after day by the fide of Lady Heskeih, as she em- 
 ployed herself with unexampled kindness in transcrib- 
 ing the rough MSS. of his Homer for the press, still 
 he could promptly resolve any difficulties she found in 
 making out the copy, and had the memory of every 
 passage ready at her call, 
 
 I must not pron;nuice the lot of Cowper on earth 
 happy; but I cannot refrain from saying that I should 
 have preferred it w'ith all its miseries to ordinary feli^ 
 city. I revere the talents and qualities, which Heaven 
 bestowed on him, with an uncontrollable ardor which 
 no worldly prudence, no cold ungenerous convictions of 
 experience can weaken; and I view thejuil: reputation 
 he attained, and the inexpressible gratification of hav- 
 ing been admitted to have possessed and exerted the 
 charm of delighting the world by his poetry, not with 
 envy, but with unabated love and admiration ! It is 
 true that such pursuits do not often gratify the mere 
 ostentatious ambition of friends and relations; slights, 
 and vulgar scorn and neglect are the almost inevitable 
 attendants of the bard among his neighbours ; and the 
 indulgences, luxuries, and popular respect of wealth 
 and rank and grandeur, which are generally considered 
 the most substantial advantages, must not be hoped for. 
 
 p 4 Yet 
 
5o8 
 
 Yet I am unable to diminish my predilection for the 
 empire of the mind ! Many there might be, who, 
 having risen by the exertion of coarser facidties, in the 
 paths of public life, to the pinnacle of honours and 
 riches, surveyed Cowper in his humble abodes at 01- 
 ney or Weston v/ith pity, or contempt, or rudeness ! 
 But while these are already forgotten in the grave 
 where their bones are mouldering with the dirt above 
 which their base spirits never rose, the voice of the 
 poet is still speaking to all our hearts and fancies, we 
 behold his illuminated countenance, we wander with 
 him over the fields and Vv'oods ; our souls expand with 
 his sentiments; we moisten his tomb with our tears; 
 we guard his reliques with holy idolatry, and while his 
 immortal part still hovers over us, we propitiate it in 
 heaven ! 
 
 But let us hear this humble, yet energetic, genius 
 give a few touches of his own character. 
 
 1763. '' Oh, my good cousin! if I was to open 
 my heart to you, I could shew you strange sights ; no- 
 thing, I flatter myself, that would shock you, but a 
 great deal that would make you wonder. I am of a 
 very singular temper, and very unlike all the men that 
 I have ever conversed with. Certainly I am not an 
 absolute fool ; but I have more weaknesses than the 
 greatest of all the fools I can recollect at present. In 
 short, if I was as fit for the next world, as I am unfit 
 for this, and God forbid I should speak it in vanity, I 
 would not change conditions with any saint in Chris- 
 tendom.- 1 know not what you expect, but ever 
 
 since I was born, I have been good at disappointing 
 the most natural expectations. Many years ago, cou- 
 sin, there was a possibility that I might prove a very 
 
 different 
 
2og 
 
 different thing from what I am at present. My cha- 
 racter is now fixt, andj between friends, is not a very 
 splendid one, or likely to be guilty of much fascina- 
 tion." 
 
 178 r. " What nature expressly designed me for, I 
 have never been able to conjecture, I seem to myself 
 so universally disqualified for the common and cus- 
 tomary occupations and amusements of mankind. 
 When I was a boy, I excelled at cricket and football ; 
 but the fiune I acquired by achievements that way, is 
 long since forgotten; and I do -not know that I have 
 made a figure in any thing since." 
 
 1780. ^' So long as I am pleased with an employ- 
 ment, I am capable of un\\caried application, because 
 my feelings are all of the intense kind ; I never received 
 a Utile pleasure from any thing in my life ; if I am 
 delighted, it is in the extreme. The unhappy conse- 
 quence of this temperature is, that my attachment to 
 any occupation seldom outlives the novelty of it. That 
 nerve of my imagination, that feels the touch of any 
 particular amusement, twangs under the energy of the 
 pressure with so much vehemence, that it soon be- 
 comes sensible of weariness and fatigue. Hence I draw 
 an unfavourable prognostic, and expect that I shall 
 shortly be constrained to look out for something else" 
 (than drawing). " Then perhaps I may string the 
 harp again, and be able to comply with your demand." 
 
 1782. " Caraccioli says, * There is something very 
 bewitching in authorship, and that he, v/ho has once 
 written, will write again.' It may be so — I can sub- 
 scribe to the former part of his assertion from my own 
 experience, having never found an amusement, among 
 the many I have been obliged to have recourse to, that 
 
 SQl 
 
510 
 
 50 wtll ans'vvered the purpose for which I used it. The 
 quietnig and composing effect of it was such, and so 
 totally absorbed have I sometimes been in my rhiming 
 occupation, that neither the past nor the future (those 
 themes which to me are so fruitful in regret at other 
 times) had any longer a share in my contemplation. 
 For this reason I wish, and have often wished, since 
 the fit left me, that it would seize me again-, but hi- 
 therto I have wished it in vain. I see no want of 
 subjects, but I feel a total disability to discuss them.'' 
 
 1786. " I am not naturally insensible, and the 
 sensibilities that I had by Nature have been wonderfully 
 enhanced by a long series of shocks, given to a frame 
 of nerves that was never very athletic. I feel accord- 
 ingly, whether painful or pleasant, in the extreme. 
 Am easily elevated, and easily cast down. The frown 
 of a critic freezes my poetical powers, and discourao-es 
 me to a degree that makes me ashamed of my own 
 weakness. Yet I presently recover my confidence 
 arrain : the half of what you so kindly say in your last, 
 'would at any time restore my spirits, and being said by 
 you, is infallible. I am not ashamed to confess, that 
 having commenced an author, I am most abundantly 
 desirous to succeed as such. / have, fwhat perhaps 
 you Utile suspect me of) an iiifinite share of ambition: 
 but with it I have at the same time, as you well know, 
 an equal share of diffidence. To this combination of 
 opposite qualities it has been owing, that, till lately, I 
 stole through life without undertaking any thing, yet 
 always wishing to distinguish myself. At last 1 ven- 
 tured, ventured loo in the only path, that at so late a 
 period, was yet open to me, and am determined, if God 
 have not determined otherwise, to work my way 
 
 through 
 
21 1 
 
 through the obscurity that has been long my portion 
 into notice. Every thing, therefore, that seems to 
 threaten this my favourite purpose with tlisappoint- 
 ment, affects me nearly. I suppose that all ambitious 
 minds are in the same predicament. He who seeks 
 distinction must be sensible of disapprobation exactly 
 in the same proportion as he desires applause. And 
 now, my precious cousin, I have unfolded my heart to 
 you in this particular, without a speck of dissimu- 
 lation. Some people, and good people too, would 
 blame me, but you will not, and they I think would 
 blame without just cause. We certainly do not honour 
 when we bury, or when we neglect to improve as far as 
 ■we may, whatever talent he may have bestowed on us, 
 whether it be little or much, in natural things, as 
 well as in spiritual, it is a never failing truth, that to 
 him who hath, that is, to him who occupies whai he 
 hath diligently, more shall be given. Set me down, 
 therefore, for an industrious rhymer, so long as I shall 
 have the ability, for in this only way is it po sible for 
 me, so far as I can see, either to honour God, or to 
 serve man, or even to serve myself."* 
 
 1792. " From the age of twenty to thirty-three, 
 1 was occupied, or ought to have been, in the study of 
 the law ; from thirty-three to sixty I have spent my 
 time in the country, where my reading has been only 
 an apology for idleness, and where, when I had not 
 either a magazine or a review, I was sometimes a car- 
 penter, at others a birdcage-maker, or a gardener, or 
 a drawer of landscapes. At fifty years of age I com- 
 menced an author. It is a whim that has served me 
 ^ongeft and best, and will probably be my last,"f 
 
 * Letters I. 150. f lb. p. 19. 
 
 1785. 
 
« 7 O 
 
 1785. *• Dejection of Spirits, which I suppose may 
 have prevented many a mail from becoming an author, 
 made me one. I find constant employment necessary, 
 and therefore take care to be constantly employed. 
 Manual occupations do not engage the mind suffi- 
 ciently, as I know by experience, having tried many. 
 But composition, especially of verse, absorbs it 
 
 ■wholly."* 
 
 1786. '' The dew of your intelligence has refreshed 
 my poetical laurels. A little praise now and then is 
 very c;ood for your hard-working poet, who is apt to 
 trrow languid, and perhaps careless, without it." f 
 
 1787. *' A sensible mind cannot do violencs even 
 to a local attachment without much pain. When my 
 father died, T was young, too young to have reflected 
 much. He was rector of Berkhampstead, and there I 
 was born. It had never occurred to me that a parson 
 has no fee-simple in the house and glebe he occupies. 
 There was neither tree, nor gate, nor stile in all that 
 country, to which I did not feel a relation, and the 
 house itself I preferred to a palace. I was sent for from 
 London to attend him in his last illness, and he died 
 just before I arrived. Then, and not till then, I felt 
 for the first time, that I and my native place were dis- 
 united for ever. 1 sighed a long adieu to fields and 
 woods, from which I once thought I should never be 
 parted, and was at no time so sensible of their beauties 
 as just when I left them all behind me to return no 
 more." 'I 
 
 1790. Acknowledging the gift of a picture of his 
 mother. *' The world could not have furnished you 
 
 * Letters p. 147. -J- p. 235. $ p. 251. 
 
 with 
 
213 
 
 With a present so acceptable to me, as the picture which 
 you have so kindly sent me. I received it the night 
 before last, and viewed it with a trepidation of nerves 
 and spirits, somev.'hat akin to what I should have felt, 
 had the dear original presented herself to my embraces, 
 I kissed it, and hung it, where it is the last object, that 
 I see at night, and of course the first on which I open 
 my eyes in the morning. She died when I had com- 
 pleted my sixth year, yet I remember her well, and am 
 an ocular witness of the great fidelity of the copy. I 
 remember too a multitude of the maternal tendernesses 
 which 1 received from her, and which have endeared 
 her memory to me beyond expression. There is in me, 
 I believe, more of the Donne than of the Cowper, and 
 though I love all of both names, and have a thousand 
 reasons to love those of my own name, yet I feel the 
 lx)nd of nature draw me vehemently to your side. I 
 was thought in the days of my childhood much to re- 
 semble my mother, and in my natural temper, of 
 which, at the age of fifty-eight, I must be supposed a 
 competent judge, can trace both her and, my late 
 uncle, your father. Somewhat of Ids irritability, and a 
 
 little, I would hope, of his, and of her T know not 
 
 what to call it, without seeming to praise myself, which 
 is not my intention, but speaking to \ou, I will even 
 speak out, and say, good nature. Add to all this, I 
 ileal much in poetry, as did our venerable ancestor, the 
 Dean of St. Paul's, and I think I shall have proved 
 myself a Donne at all points." * 
 
 . 1792. On his intended journey to visit Mr, Haylcy 
 at Eartham in Sussex, he writes: "Could you have 
 any conception of the fears I have had to bustle with, 
 of the dejection of spirits that I have sufiercd concern- 
 
 * Letters p. 349. 
 
214 
 
 ing this journey, ynu w-ulcl wonder much more tliat I 
 still courageously perse, ere in my resoluticn to under- 
 take it. Fortunately for my intentions, it happens, 
 that as the day approaches, my terrors abate; for had 
 they continued to be what they were a week since^ I 
 must, after all, have disappointed you ; and was actually 
 once on the verge of doing it. I have told you some- 
 thing of my nocturnal experiences, and assure you now, 
 that they were hardly ever more terrific than on this 
 occasion. Prayer has, however, opened my passage at 
 last, and obtained for me a degree of confidence that I 
 trust will prove a comfortable viaticum to me all the 
 way. On Wednesday therefore we set forth. The 
 terrors that I have spoken of would appear ridiculous 
 to most, but to you they will not, for you are a rea- 
 sonable creature, and know well, that to whatever cause 
 it be owing (whether to constitution or to God's ex- 
 press appointment) I am hunted by spiritual hounds 
 in the night-season. 1 cannot help it. You will pity 
 me, and wish it were otherwise ; and though you may 
 think there is much of imaginary in it, will not deem 
 it for that reason an evil less to be lamented." * 
 
 1793. *' In vain has it been, that I have made 
 several attempts to write, since I came from Sussex ; 
 unless more comfortable days arrive than I have the 
 confidence to look for, there is an end of all writing 
 with me. I have no spirits : — When the Rose came, 
 I was obliged to prepare for his coming by a nio^htly 
 dose of laudanum — twelve drops suffice; but without 
 them I am devoured by melancholy." f 
 
 1794.. To Mr. Hayley, in answer to a proposal for 
 engaging in a joint work. " My poor Mary's infirm 
 condition makes it impossible for me at present to 
 
 * Letter ll. 67. -f p. 107. 
 
2T5 
 
 engage in a work such as you propose. My thouglit».. 
 are not sufficiently free, nor have I, or can T, by anv 
 means find opportunity : added to which, comes a dif- 
 ficuhy, which, though you are not at all aware of it, 
 presents itself to me under a most forbidding appear- 
 ance : can you guess it ? No, not you ; neither per- 
 haps will you be able to imagine that such a difficulty 
 can possibly subsist. If your hair begins to bristle, 
 stroak it down again, for there is no need why it should 
 erect itself. It concerns me, not you, I know myself 
 too well not to know, that I am nobody in verse, unless 
 in a corner, and alone, and unconnected in my opera- 
 tions. This is not owing to want of love for you, my 
 brother, or the most consummate confidence in you; 
 for I have both in a degree, that has not been exceeded 
 in the experience of any friend you have, or ever had. 
 But I am so made up; I will not enter into a meta- 
 physical analysis of my strange composition, in order 
 to detect the true cause of this evil ; but on a general 
 view of the matter, I suspect that it proceeds from that 
 shyness, which has been my effectual and almost fatal 
 hindrance on many other important occasions; and 
 which I should feel, I well know, on this, to a degree 
 that would perfectly cripple me. No ! I shall neither 
 do, nor attempt any thing of consequence more, unless 
 my poor Mary get better ; nor even then, unless it 
 should please God to give me another nature, in con- 
 cert with any man. I could not, even with my own 
 father or brother, were they now alive." *• 
 
 But Lmust forbear, or I shall transcrii;e half the 
 poet's letters. Whether it is that there have seldom 
 existed such adequate memorials of men of genius as 
 have been left of Cowper, or whether, as 1 believe, few 
 
 * Letters II. p. j jj. 
 
 have 
 
liaA^c ever been so thoroughly steeped in the well-head 
 of the Muses, it is certain that few are recorded to have 
 possessed qualities so well suited to the inspiration of 
 the lyre. That sensibility which was so excessive, as 
 at times, when it operated on a diseased body, to en- 
 danger and overcome his reason, prompted him at 
 other times to inimitable strains of moral pathos, 
 touching sentiment, or brilliant description. In pro- 
 portion as he was little fitted for the ordinary inter- 
 course, and bvxstle and intrigues of society, he attained 
 and cherished a state of mind, which qualified him for 
 those compositions by which his name has been en- 
 deared to his cotcmporaries and consecrated to posterity. 
 Whoever has experienced the delight of such a mood, 
 whoever has felt the intense pleasure of an intellectual 
 occupation, by which he hopes to preserve his name to 
 future ages, can alone appreciate the extent of sufferings 
 which the exercise of s\Tch endowments can counter- 
 balance. It may be asked whether in the cold tomb 
 he can hear the sounds of admiration which are now 
 lavished upon his poetry ; and what recompence there 
 can be in these empty returns for his sorrows and in- 
 expressible afflictions of mind I To this question I am 
 not bold enough to reply: but I can scarcely suppose 
 that the universal desire of being remembered after 
 death, which is felt in every state of society, from the 
 most savage to the most refined, is implanted in us for 
 nothing. 
 
 « t^C^ 
 
 ERRATUM in No. I. 
 
 The Article entitled " A List of the Deaths of Literary Men," should 
 have been Literary '< Persons," as it includes several Ji'omen; as 
 oversight which the candid Re.ider will excuse. 
 
 T. Bensley, Pnai-er, 
 BdtCouiU 
 
CENSURA LITERARIA, 
 
 NUMBER IIL 
 
 Art. I. England's Helicon, 
 
 Casta placent superis, 
 
 Pura cum veste venite, 
 Et manibns puris 
 
 Sumite fontis aquam. 
 
 Ai London. Printed by J. R.for John Flasket, and 
 are to he sold in Paules Churchyard^ at the signs 
 oftheBeare. 16OO. 410. — Arms of Bodenham at 
 the lack of the title-page. pp. 192. 
 
 TO HIS LOVING KlNDE FRIENC, MAISTER JOHN 
 BODENHAM. 
 
 Wit's Commonwealth, the first fruites of thy paines. 
 Drew on Wit's Theater, thy second sonne : 
 By both of which, I cannot count the gaines. 
 And wondrous protit that the world hath wonne. 
 
 Next, in the Muses Garden, gathering flowres. 
 Thou mad'st a nosegay, as was never sweeter : 
 Whose scent will savour to Time's latest howres. 
 And for the greatest Prince no poesie meeter. 
 
 a Novr 
 
2;lB 
 
 Now comes thy Helicon, to make compleate. 
 And furnish up thy last impos'd designe : 
 My paincs heerein, I cannot terme it great. 
 But what so-ere, my love (and all) is thine. 
 Take love, take paines, take all remaines in me : 
 And where thou art, my heart still lives with thee. 
 
 A.B. 
 
 TO HIS VERY LOVING FRIENDS, M. NICOLAS 
 WAUTON AND M. GEORGE FAUCETT. 
 
 Though many miles (but more occasions) doo sun- 
 der us, kinde gentlemen, yet a promise at parting 
 dooth in justice claime performance, and assurance of 
 p-entle acceptance would mightilie condemne if I 
 should neglect it. Helicon, though not as I could 
 \vish, yet in such good sort as time would permit, 
 having past the pikes of the presse, comes now to 
 Yorke to salute her rightful patrone first, and next (as 
 his deere friends and kindsmen), to offer you her 
 kinde service. If shee speede well there, it is all shee 
 requires, if they frowne at her heere, she greatly not 
 jcares : for the wise, shee knowes, will never be other 
 then themselvesj as for such then as would seeme so, 
 but neither are nor ever will be, she holds this as a 
 maine principle, that their malice neede as little be 
 feared, as their favour or friendship is to be desired. 
 So hoping you will not forget us there, as v. e conti- 
 nuallie shall be mindefull of you heere, I leave you to 
 the delight of England's Helicon. 
 
 Your's in all he may, 
 
 A.B. 
 
 To 
 
519 
 
 To the Reader, if indiff'erenl. 
 
 Many honoured names have (heretofore in their 
 particular interest) patronized some part of these in- 
 ventions: many here be, that onely these collections 
 have brought to light, and not inferiour (in the best 
 opinions), to anie before published. The travaile that 
 hath beene taken in gathering them from so many 
 ' handes, hath wearied some howres, which severed, 
 might in part have perished, digested into this meane 
 volume, may in the opinion of some not be altogether 
 unworihy the labour. If any man hath been de- 
 frauded of any thing by him composed, by another 
 man's title put to the same, hee hath this benefit by 
 this collection, freely to challenge his owne in pub- 
 lique, where els he might be rob'd of his proper 
 due. No one thing beeing here placed by the Col- 
 lector of the same under any man's name, eyther at 
 large or in letters, but as it was delivered by some 
 especiall coppy comming to his handes. No one man, 
 that shall take offence that his name is published to 
 any invention of his, but he shall within the reading 
 of a leaf or two, meete with another in reputatioti 
 every way equal with himselfe, whose name hath 
 beene before printed to his poeme, which nowe taken 
 away were more then theft: which may satisfie him 
 that would fainc sccme curious or be intreeted for his 
 fame. 
 
 Nowe, if any stationer shall finde faulte, that his 
 coppies are robd by any thing in this collection, let 
 me aske him this question, Why more in this, than 
 in any divine or humaine author? From whence a 
 man (writing of that argument), shall gather any say- 
 
 a 2 iiHT, 
 
5:;o 
 
 ing, sentence^, similie, or example, his name put to it 
 who is the authour of the same. This is the simplest 
 of many reasons that I could urdge, though perhaps 
 the nearest his capacilie, hut that I would be loth to 
 trouble myselfe to satisfie him. Further, if any man 
 whatsoever, in prizing of his owne birth or fortune, 
 shall take in scorne, that a far meaner man in the eye 
 of the world, shall be placed by him : I tell him plainly 
 whatsoever so excepting, that that man's wit is set by 
 his, not that man by him. In which degree, the 
 names of Poets (all feare and dutie ascribed to her 
 great and sacred name), have been placed with the 
 names of the greatest princes of the world, by the most 
 autentique and worthiest judgments, without dispa- 
 ragement to their soveraigne titles: which, if any man 
 taking exception thereat, in ignorance know not, I hold 
 him unworthy to be placed by the meanest that is but 
 graced with the tide of a poet. Thus, gentle reader, 
 I wish thee all happines. 
 
 L.N. 
 
 Tides of the Poems contained in tltU Collection. 
 
 1. The Sheepheard to his chosen Nimph. By Sir 
 P. Sydnev. 
 
 2. Theorello. A Sheepheard's Edillion. ByE. B. 
 
 3. Astrophel's Love" is dead. By Sir P.Sydney. 
 
 4. A Palinode. By £. B. 
 
 5. Astrophell, the Sheepheard, his complaint to his 
 •flocke. By Sir P. Syndey. 
 
 6. Hobbinoll's Dittie in prayse of Eliza Queene of 
 the Sheepheards. By E. Spenser. 
 
 7. The Sheepheard's DafTodill. By Mich. Drayton. 
 
 8. A 
 
521 
 
 8- A Canzon Pastorall in honour of her Majestic, 
 By Ed. Bolton. 
 ''9. Meliccrtus Madrigalc. By Ro. Greene. 
 • 10. Olde Damon's Pastorall. By Tho. Lodge. 
 
 11. Perigot and Cuddle's Roundelay. By E. 
 Spenser. 
 
 12. Phlllida and Coridon. By N. Breton. 
 
 13. To Colin Cloute. By Sheepheard Tonie. 
 
 14. Rowland's Song in praise of the fairest Beta. 
 By Mich. Drayton. 
 
 15. The Barginet of Antimachus. By Tho. Lodge. 
 
 16. Menaphon's Roundelay. By Ro. Greene. 
 
 17. A Pastorall of Phillis and Coridon. By N. 
 Breton. 
 
 18. Coridon and Melampus Song. By Geo. Peele. 
 
 19. Tityrus to his fairc Phillis. By J. D. 
 
 20. Sheepheard. By J. M. 
 
 21. Another of the same anthoiir. J. M. 
 
 22. Menaphon to Pesana, By R. Greene. 
 
 23. A sweete Pastorall. By N. Breton. 
 
 24. Harpalus' Complaynt. By Lord Surry. 
 
 35. Another of the same subject, but made as it 
 were in aunswere. By Shep. Tonie. 
 
 26. The Nimphs meeting their May Queene, en- 
 tertaine her with this dittie. By Tho. Watson. 
 
 27. Colin Cloute's mournful Dittie for the death of 
 Astrophell. By E. Spenser. 
 
 28. Damaetas' Jigge in praise of his love. By John 
 Wootton. 
 
 29. Montanus' praise of his faire Phoebe. By Tho. 
 Lodge. 
 
 30. The Complaint of Thestylis, the forsaken Sheep- 
 heard, By Lord Surry. 
 
 Q3 31- To 
 
31. ToPhillis thefaireSheepheardesse. BySirEdvv. 
 Dyer. 
 
 32. TheShecpheard Doron's Jigge. By Ro. Greene. 
 
 33. Astrophell his Song of Phillida and Coridon, 
 By N. Breton. 
 
 34. The passionate Sheepheard's Song. By W, 
 Shakspeare. 
 
 35. The unknowne Sheepheard's Complaint. By 
 Ignoto, 
 
 36. Another of the same Sheepheard's. By Ignoto. 
 
 37. The Sheepheard's allusion of his owne amorous 
 infelicitie to the offence of Action. By Tho Watson. 
 
 38. Monianus Sonnet to his faire Phoebe. By Tho. 
 Lodge. 
 
 39. Phoebe's Sonnet, a replie to Montanus passion. 
 By the same. 
 
 40. Coridon's Supplication to Phillis. By N. 
 Breton. 
 
 41. Damaetas Madrigall in praise of his Daphnis. 
 By J. Wootton. 
 
 42. Doron's description of his faire Sheepheardesso 
 Samela. By Ro. Greene. 
 
 43. Wodenfride's Song in praise of Amargana. By 
 W.H. 
 
 44. Another of the same. By W. H. 
 
 45. An excellent pastorall Dittie. By Shep. Tonic. 
 
 46. Phillidae's Love-call to her Coridon, and his 
 replying. By Ignoto. 
 
 47. The Sheepheard's Solace. By Tho. Watson. 
 
 48. Syrenus Song to Eugerius. By Bar. Young. 
 
 49. The Sheepheard Arseleius replie to Syrenus* 
 Song. By the same. 
 
 50. A Sheepheard's dream. By N. Breton. 
 
 51. The 
 
523 
 
 51. The Sheepheard's Ode. By Rich. Bamefieldc- 
 
 52. The Sheepheard's commendation of his Nimph. 
 By E. of Oxenford. 
 
 53. Coridon to his Phillis. By Sir E. D. 
 
 54. The Sheepheard's description of Love. By 
 Ignoto. 
 
 55. To his Flocks. By H. C. 
 
 ^6. A Roundelay between two Shccpheards. By 
 M. Drayton. 
 
 57. The solitarie Shjcepheard's Song. By Tho. 
 Lodge. 
 
 58. The Sheepheard's resolution in Love. By Tho* 
 Watson. 
 
 59. Coridon's Hymne in praise of Amarylhs. By 
 T. B. 
 
 ■60. The Sheepheard Carillo, his Song. By Bar. 
 Young. 
 
 61. Coridon's Dreame of his faire Chloris. By 
 W. S. 
 
 63. The Sheepheard Damon's passion. By Tho. 
 Lod2;e. 
 
 6^. The Sheepheard Musidorus, his Complaint. By 
 Sir P. Sydney. 
 
 64. The Sheepheard's Brawle, one half aunswering 
 the other. By Sir P. Sydney. 
 
 65. Dorus, his Comparisons. By the same. 
 
 66. The Sheepheard Faustus, his Song. By Bar. 
 Young. 
 
 67. Another of the same, by Firmius the Sheepheard, 
 By the same. 
 
 68. Dametas Song to his Diaphania. By H. C. 
 
 69. The Sheepheard Eurymachus to his faire Sheep- 
 heardesse Mirimida. By Ro. Greene. 
 
 a 4 70. The. 
 
224- 
 
 70. The Sheepheard Firmius^ his Song. By Bar. 
 Young. 
 
 71. The Sheepheard's praise of his sacred Diana, 
 By Ignoto. [N. B. 7 his signature is pasted on.'\ 
 
 7a. The Sheepheard's Dumpe. By Sir E. D. 
 73. The Nimph Dianae's Song. By Bar. Young. 
 74.. Rowland's Madrigall. By M. Drayton. 
 
 75. Alanius, the Shei pheard, his doleful song, com- 
 plaining of Ismeniae's crueltie. By Bar. Young. 
 
 76. Montana, the Sheepheard, his love to Aminta. 
 By Shep. Tonie. 
 
 77. The Sheepheard's sorrow for his Pheebe'a dis- 
 daine. [N-B. Signature pasted over ^ 
 
 78. Espilus and Therion, their contention in song 
 for the May Ladie. By Sir P. Sydney. 
 
 79. Olde Meliboeus Song, courting his Nimph. By 
 M. F. G. 
 
 80. The Sheepheard Sylvanus, his Song. By Bar, 
 Young. 
 
 • 81. Coridon's Song. By Tho. Lodge. 
 
 8:^. The Sheeepheard'§ Spnnet. By Rich. Barne- 
 fielde. 
 
 83. Selvagia and Silvanus, their song to Diana. By 
 Bar. Young. 
 
 84. Montanus, his Madrigall. By Ro. Greene. 
 
 85. Astrophell to Stella, his 3d Song. By Sir P, 
 ' Sydney. 
 
 86. A song between Syrenus and Sylvanus. By Bar, 
 Young. 
 
 87. Ceres Song in emulation of Cinthia. 
 
 This song was sung before her majestic at Bis- 
 sam, the Ladie Russell's, the author's name uii-. 
 JkOQwn to me. 
 
22S 
 
 88. A pastoral! Ode to an honourable friend. By 
 E.B. 
 
 89. A Nimph's disdaine of Love. By Ignoto. 
 
 90. Apollo's love Song for faire Daphne. 
 
 This Dittie was sung before her Majestie al 
 the right honourable the lord Chandos at Sud- 
 ley Castell, at her last being there in progress. 
 The author thereof unknown. 
 
 91. The Sheepheard Delicius^ his Dlttle. By Bar. 
 Young. 
 
 9a. Amintas for his Phillis. By Tho. Watson. 
 9J. Faustus and Firmius Song to their Nimph, by 
 ^urnes. By Bar. Young. 
 
 94. Sireno, a Sheepheard, having a lock of his 
 faire Niniph's hair, wTapt about with greene silke, 
 mourns thus in a love dittie. Translated by Sir P, 
 Sydney, out of Diana of Montmaior. 
 
 95. A song between Taurisius and Diana^ aunswcr- 
 ing verse for verse. By Bar. Young. 
 
 96. Another song before her majestie at Oxford, 
 sung by a comely Sheepheard, attended on by sundrie 
 pther Sheepheards and Nimphs. By Anouimous. 
 
 97. The Sheepheard's Songj a Caroll or Hymne 
 for Christmas. By E. B. 
 
 98. Arsileus, his Carol], for joy of the new mar- 
 riage betweene Syrenus and Djana. By Bar. Young. 
 
 99. Philistus farewell to false Clorinda. Out of 
 Morley's Madrigalls. 
 
 100. Roselinde's Madrigall. By Tho. Lodge. - 
 loi. A dialogue-song betweene Sylvanus and Arsi- 
 
 }eus. By Bar. Young. 
 
 JQ2. Montanus Sonnet. By Sir E. D. 
 103. TheNimphSelvagia, her song. By Bar. Young, 
 
 104, The 
 
2,zS 
 
 104. The Heardman's happie life. Out of M. Bird's 
 set songs. 
 
 105. Cinthia, the Nimph, her song to faire Poly- 
 dora. By Bar. Young. 
 
 io6. The Sheepheard to the flowers. By Tgnoto. 
 
 107. The Sheepheard Arsileus, his song to his Re- 
 beck. By Bar. Young. 
 
 108. Another of Astrophell to bis Stella. By Sir P. 
 Sydney. 
 
 109. Syrenus, his song to Dianae's flocks. By Bar. 
 Young. 
 
 no. To Amarillis. Out of M. Bird's set songs. 
 III. Gardenia the Nimph^ to her false Sheepheard 
 Faustus. By Bar. Young. 
 
 113. Of Phillida. Out of M. Bird's songs. 
 
 113. Melisea, her song, in scorne of her Sheepheard 
 Narcissus. By Bar. Young. 
 
 114. His aunswere to the Nimph's Song. By the 
 same. 
 
 115. Her present aunswere again to him. By the 
 same. 
 
 116. His last rcplle. By the same. 
 
 117. Philon, the Sheepheard^ his song. Out of M* 
 Bird's set songs. 
 
 118. Lycoris, the Nimph, her sad song. Out of 
 M. Morley's Madrigalls. 
 
 119. To his flocks. 
 
 130. To his love. 
 
 131. Another of his Cintliia. 
 123. Another to his Cinthia. 
 
 These three ditties were taken out of Maister 
 
 John Dowland's booke of tablature for the lute, 
 
 7 ^^ 
 
5^7 
 
 the authoiirs names not there set downe^ and 
 therefore left to their owners. 
 
 123. Montanus Sonnet to the woods. By SirE.D. 
 
 124. The Sheepheard's Sorrow, being disdaind in. 
 love. By Tho. Lodge. 
 
 125. A pastoral! song between Phillis and Amaryl- 
 lisj two Nimphs, each aiinswering other line for line. 
 By H. C. 
 
 126. The Sheepheard's Anthem. By M. Dray tea. 
 
 127. The Countcsse of Pembroke's Pastorall. By 
 Shep. Tonie. 
 
 128. Another of Astrophell. By Sir P. Sydney. 
 
 129. Fnire Phillis and her Sheepheard. By J.G.' 
 
 130. The Sheepheard's song of Venus and Adonis, 
 
 ByH.C\ 
 
 131. Thirsis, the Shepheard, his death's song. Out 
 
 of Maister N. Young, his Musica Transalpina. 
 
 132. Another stanza added after. Out of the same. 
 
 133. Another sonnet thence taken. 
 
 13.1. The Sheepheard's Slumber. By Tgnoto. 
 
 135. " In wonted Walkes." By Sir P. Sydney. 
 
 136. Of disdainful Daphne. By M. H. Nowell. 
 
 137. The passionate Sheepheard to his Love. By 
 Chr. Marlow. 
 
 138. The I'Umph's reply to the Sheepheard. By 
 Tgnoto. 
 
 139. Another of the same nature made since. By 
 Ignoto. 
 
 14c. The Woodman's VValke. By Shep. Tonie. 
 
 141. Thirsis, the Sheepheard, to his pipe. By Ig- 
 noto. 
 
 142. An excellent Sonnet of a Nimph. By Sir P. 
 Sydney. 
 
 143. A 
 
558 
 
 143" A reporte songe in a dreame: betweene a 
 Sheepheard and his Nimph. By N. Breton. 
 
 144. Another of the same. By the same. 
 
 145. The Sheepheard's conceite of Prometheus. By- 
 Sir E.D. 
 
 146. Another of the same. By Sir P. Sydney. 
 
 147. The Sheepheard's Sunne. By Shep. Tonie. 
 
 148. Cohn the enamoured Sheepheard singeth this 
 passion of love. By Geo. Peele. 
 
 149. Oenone's Complaint in blank verse. By the 
 same. 
 
 150. The Sheepheard's consort. Out of M. Mor- 
 |ey '4- Madrigals. 
 
 Finis. 
 
 The only specimen I have room for is the following . 
 
 TO COLIN CLOUT. 
 
 !Beautie sat bathing by a springs 
 
 "Where fay rest shades did hide her. 
 The winds blew calm, the birds did sing. 
 
 The coole streames ranne beside her. 
 My wanton thoughts entic'd mine eye. 
 
 To see what was forbidden: 
 But better Memory said^ fie. 
 
 So vain Desire was chidden. 
 
 Hey nonnic; nonnle^ &c. 
 
 Into a slumber then I fell, 
 
 "When fond imagination 
 Seemed to see, but could not tell 
 
 Her feature or her fashion. 
 
 But 
 
22g 
 
 But even as babes in dreames do smile. 
 
 And sometimes fall a weeping : 
 So I awak't, as wise this while. 
 As when I fell a sleeping. 
 
 Hey nonnie, nonnie, &c. 
 Sheepheard Tonie. 
 
 Art. II. Davison's Poetical Rapsodie, &c. i5ii, 
 [Continued from p. 109. j 
 
 In addition to the names of Francis and Walter Da^ 
 vison, this Miscellany is rendered interesting by the 
 signatures of Edmund Spencer, sir Philip Sidney, sir 
 John Davis ; Mary countess of Pembroke ; Thomas 
 Campion, Charles Best, Thomas Spilman, T, W.* 
 [Tho. Watson]. H. C. [Henry Constable]. W. R. 
 '[Walter Raleigh]. H. W. [Hen. Wotton]. R. G. 
 [Rob. Greene]. A.W. [Andw. Willet]. J.S. [Jos. 
 Sylvefter],8cc. 
 
 Spenser's signature is appended to '^ Loves Embas- 
 sie, in an iambicke Elegie," first printed in one of his 
 familiar letters to Gabriel Harvey, 1580 ; and since re- 
 printed by Warton, in his Observations on the Fairy 
 Queen ; and by Waldron, in his Literary Museum. 
 
 To sir P. Sidney are ascribed " Two Pastorals, upon 
 his meeting with his two worthy friends and fellow 
 pobts, sir Edward Dier and M. Fulkc Grevill^" afier- 
 ■wards lord Brook. 
 
 Sir John Davis has three productions, not included 
 in the modern editions of his poems. They are en - 
 
 * These initLils have been ascertained to belong to Watson, the sonnet- 
 eer j but the other names between brackets are rather offered as conjec- 
 tures than ceiuinties. ■- 
 
 titled 
 
titled *'Yet other twelve Wonders of* the World.** 
 *' A Lottery presented before the late queen's mdjes- 
 lie, at the lord chancellor's house, 1601," and "A 
 Contention, betwixt a wife, a widow, and a maid.'* 
 The initials J. D. are affixed to ^' A Hymn in praise 
 of muficke," and to "Ten Sonnets to Philomel." 
 
 Lady Pembroke has '*A Dialogue between two 
 fhepherds, Thenot and Piers, in praise of Astrea;'* i.e. 
 Queen Elizabeth, (See this poem inserted in the 
 Monthly Mirror, for May, 1801.) 
 
 Tho. Campion* has " AHymne in praise of Nep- 
 tune," and three love poems *' Of bis Mistresses Face: 
 Upon her Palenesse : Of Corinna's Singing." 
 
 Charles Beft has " A Sonnet of the Sunne," and 
 another " Of the Moone," with several Epitaphs on 
 royalty. 
 
 Tho. Spllman has an amatory plaint ^' To his La- 
 dies Garden, being absent far from her:" and another 
 *^ Upon his Ladies Sicknesse of the Small-pocks." 
 The same writer, probably under the signature of T.S., 
 has a version of Anacreon's second Ode. 
 
 From Watson's Hecatompathia are Inserted, with 
 several variations. In the text. Sonnets 3, 18, 40, 56, 
 61, 62, 77, 79, 85, and 94. 
 
 To H. C. appertains a sonnet, entitled " Love's 
 seven deadly Sinnesj" and a second, "To two moft 
 honorable and virtuous ladies and sisters, the ladle 
 Margaret countesse of Cumberland, the ladie Aime 
 countesse of Warwicke." 
 
 * For sonrsf notice of whom, vide Fasti Oxon. I. 229. Davles of He- 
 reford, in his Scourge of Folly, has a sonnet " to the most judicious and 
 excellent lyrick i)oct, doctor Campion :" He was distinguished as a poet and 
 a musician; nnJ publifhed "Observations on the Arte of English Poesie," 
 in 1602. which drew forth Daniel's '* Defence of Ryme." 
 
 W. R. 
 
W. R. signatures *' A Poesle to prove affection i* 
 hot love :" and Dr. Percy has reprinted '« The Lie,*' 
 
 from this collection, where it has no signature, as the 
 production of sir Walter Raleigh : * but his authority 
 for doing so is not quite satisfactory. A parody upon 
 the same poem occurs in the folio edition of Sylves- 
 ter's works, 1652, which is termed "The Soules Er- 
 rand;" and it was reprinted, with some diversity, in 
 lord Pembroke's poems, 1660. Ritson peremptorily 
 ascribes it to Francis Davison, of whom the same cri- 
 tic observes, that some of his performances appear the 
 effusions of a real poetical genius, and deserve much 
 praise. This encomium, however, must have been 
 grounded on the supposition that to him were attri- 
 butable many of the pieces which bear no identifying 
 signature, except what attaches to certain divisions of 
 the book, and particularly to that division which in- 
 cludes ** Sonnets, Odes, Elegies, Madrigals, and Epi- 
 grams, by Francis and Walter Davison, brethren.'* 
 Dr. Percy has reprinted the most elegant poem in this 
 collection, under the title of " Cupid's Paftime," f In 
 his estimable reliques of ancient Englifli poetry. Sir 
 John Davis's *' Contention betwixt a Wife, a Widow, 
 and a Maid," is deserving of incorporation into any 
 
 * The tiadltloniuy report that it was iienneJ by sir Walter, the nlgtit 
 before liis execution, is lefiited by this consideiatioii ;— that Raleigh suffered 
 death in 1618, and the poem v/as printed by Davison in 1608. 
 
 ■f Dr. Perty has at the same time rcmarkcl, that this beautiful fiction, 
 which possesses a classical ckgar>ce hardly to be expected in the ag« of 
 James the first, may be found in a medley, entitled '* Le Prince d'Amour," 
 1660J and in the fourth volume of Dryden's Miscellanies j where it was 
 given to Sidney Godolphin, but erroncoudy, beipg written piobably belore 
 J^e was bain. Reli^. vol. I. p. 33a. 
 
 ^ future 
 
23^5 
 
 future edition of his works, but Is too long for inser- 
 tion in the Censura. The following very poUflied 
 amatory extracts will not be liable to this objection. 
 They occur in the portion of Odes assignable to Fras, 
 Davison, 
 
 to CUPID. 
 
 LbVE, if a god thou art. 
 
 Then evermore thou must 
 
 Be merciful and just : 
 If thou be just, O wherefore doth thy dart 
 Wovmd mine alone, and not my Ladie s hart ? 
 
 If merciful ; then why 
 , Am I to paine reserv'd, , 
 
 Who-have thee truely serv'd. 
 While she that by thy power sets not a flye, 
 Laughes thee to scome and lives at liberty ? 
 
 Then, if a god thou wilt accounted be, 
 Healc me like her, or else wound her like me. 
 
 Com7nendation of his vilstrcsses heauty, stature, hehaviour^ 
 and ivit. 
 
 Some there are as faire to see to. 
 
 But by Art and not by Nature j 
 Some as tall and goodly be too. 
 
 But want beauty to their stature. 
 
 Some have gratious kind behaviour. 
 
 But are foule or simple creatures j 
 Some have wit, but want sweet favour^ 
 
 Or are proud of their good features. 
 
 Only you, and you want pity. 
 
 Are most faire, tall, kinde, and witty. 
 
 Thfe 
 
^33 
 
 The following encomiastic tribute to Daniel, who 
 Was termed by Headley, " the Attlcus of his day," 
 may be welcome to some poetical readers, as an anti- 
 quarian novelty. 
 
 To SAMUEL DANIEL, prince of English poets. 
 
 Upon his three several sorts ofPoes'ie, 
 
 Lyricall, in his Sonnets. 
 
 Tragical, in Rosamond and Cleopatra. 
 
 Heroically in his Civill Warres. 
 
 Olympias matchlesse son, when-as he knew 
 
 How many crownes his father's sword had gain'd. 
 With smoaklng sighs and deep-fetch'd sobs did rew, 
 And his brave cheeks with scnlding teares bedew. 
 Because that kingdomes now so few rertiain'd 
 By his victorious anne to be obtain'd. 
 
 So, learned Daniel, when-as thou didst see 
 
 That Spenser erst so farre had spred his fame, 
 That he was monarch deem'd of poesie. 
 Thou didst, I gesse, even burne with jealousie. 
 Least lawrell were not left ynongh to frame 
 A neast sufficient for thine endlesse name. 
 
 But as that pearle of Greece, snone after past 
 In wondrous conquests his renowned sire. 
 And others all, whose names by Fame are plac't 
 In higher seat : — so hath thy Muse surpast 
 Spenser, and all that do with hot desire 
 To the thunder-scorning lawrell-crowne aspire* 
 
 And as his empire's linked force was knowne. 
 
 When each of those that did his kingdome share* 
 The mightiest kings in might didmatch alone: 
 So of thy lliill the greatnesse thus is showne, 
 
 R That 
 
^34 
 
 That each of those great poets deemed are. 
 Who msy in no one kind with thee compare. 
 
 One sbar'd out Greece, another Asia held. 
 
 And fertile £g"ypt to a third did fall ; 
 But only Alexander all did wield : 
 So in soft-pleasing lyricks some are Ikil'd j 
 
 In tragieke some, some in heroicall; 
 
 But thou alone art matchlesse in them all. 
 Nhn equidem hii'idco, miror mag'ts, 
 
 I only protract this article for the purpose of re- 
 marking, that in Harl. MS. 6930, occurs a version of 
 several selected psalms, by Fra. Davison, Jos. Bryan, 
 Rich. Gipps, and Chr. Davison j with Poems prefixed 
 by the former two, and with a metrical introduction 
 by W.Bagnall, '^^ to so many of the psalms as are of 
 Mr. Fra. Davison's composure." 
 
 T. P. 
 
 Art. III. Notices and Fragments of E7igli$h Poets 
 
 and Poetry, 
 
 TrKowr tofte's tkantlation of varchi's blazon of 
 
 JEALOUSIE.] 
 
 R. T. (believed to be Robert Tofte) who publiflied 
 " Two Tales from Ariosto," 1597; and *' Orlando 
 (inamorato," 1598; ;>lsa translated "The Blazon of 
 Jealousy," from Varchi, in 1615, and added "spe- 
 cial Notesr upon the same," from which the following 
 Notices and Fragments of Englifh poets are extracted, 
 
 '- A country-man of mine, a stranger unto mec, 
 called Mr. George Wither, hath penn'd divers witty 
 satyres, whereof one is of this subject, [Jealousy] 
 •whersof you may read iii his ** Abuses strlpt and 
 
 whipt.'* 
 
^35 
 
 whipt." Indeede, I am of opinion that the most worth- 
 lesse persons are aUvayes most subject to this infec- 
 tious disease of jealousie, as Mr. G. Wither rightly 
 saith : 
 
 There is none jealous I durst pawne my life. 
 But he that hath defilde another's wife. 
 
 And commonly mala mens malus anhnus : an ill dis- 
 position breeds an ill suspicion. I will tell them, in 
 their owne natural and mother tongue, what young 
 master Wither writes : 
 
 (Whose pleasing satyres never shall decay. 
 But flourish greene, like laurell and the bay.) 
 'Tis grosse, sayth he, and vaine for to upholde 
 That all reports which travellers unfolde 
 Of forraine lands, are lyes ; because they see 
 No such strange things in their owne parish be: 
 And if I may not tearrae such fellowes vaine, 
 I'le say, they're dull and of a shallow braine ; 
 And him I count no wise man that imparts 
 To men of such base misconceiving hearts 
 Any rare matter ; for their brutish wit 
 "Will very quickly wrong both him and it: 
 For thus the saying is, and I hold so. 
 Ignorance only is true wisdome's foe. 
 
 Mine old acquaintance Mr. Henry Constalle*, hav- 
 ing set downe this passion in her right colours, I could 
 not chuse but acquaint the reader therewith. 
 
 Care, the consuming canker of the minde. 
 
 The discord that disorders sweet-hearts tiraej 
 Th' abortive bastard of a coward kinde, 
 
 * See Theatnun Poetarum, p. jzS, last edit, 
 
 r2 Th« 
 
53^ 
 
 The light-foot lackie that runs post to death. 
 The biiiie advocate that sells his breath, 
 Denouncing worst to him that is his friend. 
 
 This fiend Jealoufie, a quondam kinde acquaintance 
 of mine, Mr. Thomas Watson*, paynteth forth very 
 lively in these verses : 
 
 Pale Jealousie, childc of insatiate Love, 
 
 Of heart-sicke thoughts which melancholy bred, 
 
 A hell-tormenting feare no faith can move, 
 By discontent with deadly poyson fedj 
 AVith heedlesse youth and errour vainely led j 
 
 A mortall plague, a vertue-drowning flood 3 
 
 A hellish fire, not quenched but with blood. 
 
 Love, according to Plato, is three-fold. The first 
 fembraceth virtue only: the second is infamous, which 
 preferrelh bodily pleasure : and the third is of the body 
 and soule. Nothing more noble than the first j than 
 the second nothing more vile ; the third is equal] to 
 both. But he that will see a most lively description 
 of this kind of love, let him read Mr. Michael. Drai- 
 ton's definition thereof, in " The Flowers of English 
 ParnasEus.'' 
 
 Controlling Love, proud Fortune's busie factor. 
 
 The gall of wit, sad Melancholie's school. 
 Heart killing corsive, golden Time's detractor, 
 T>ife-fretting canker, Mischiefe's poysoned toole. 
 The ideot's ydle brother, wise men's foole : 
 A foe to friendship, enemie to truth. 
 The wrong mislcader of our pleasing youth, 
 
 ' See Thcatrum Poetaium, p. 208, ut supra. It is observable that the 
 verses here asfrlhed to Wutson aie, in England's Parnassus, attributed to 
 Rr»ytwi.\. 
 
 I wiU 
 
I will set down here the worth of a poet, a? that 
 sweet muse of his, who not unworthily bearelh the 
 name of the chiefest archangel, [Michael] singeth af» 
 ter this soule-raviflung manner : 
 
 When Heaven would strive to do the best she can, 
 
 And put an a-ngel's spirit into a man : 
 
 Then all her powers she in that worke doth spend. 
 
 When she a poet to the world doth sendj 
 
 The difference only twixt the gods and us, 
 
 Allow'd by them, is but distinguish'd thus : 
 
 They give men breath, men by their powers are born. 
 
 That life they give, the poet doth adorn; 
 
 And from the world, when they dissolve man's breath. 
 
 They in the world do give man life in death, 
 
 Tofte speaks of having translated Ariosto's Satires 
 out of Italian into EnglKh verse; which were printed, 
 he avers, without his consent or knowledge, in another 
 man's name; [Gervase Marhfiam'Sj 1608, 4to.] In 
 his address to the reader, he thus commendably pleads 
 for the distinction which he paid to some of our elder 
 poets: 
 
 *' Though this nice age, wherein we now live, hath 
 brought more neate and terse wits into the world; yet 
 must not old George Gascoigne and Turlervill, with 
 such others, be altogether rejected ; since they first 
 brake the ice for our quainter poets that now write, 
 that they might the more safer swimme in the main 
 ocean of sweet poesie." 
 
 To Robert Tofte are attributed, in Ritson's Biblio- 
 graphia Poetica, " Laura. The Toycs of a Traveller^ 
 or, the Feast of Fancie;" 1597, 4to. " Alba, the 
 Month's Minde of a melancholy Lover;" 1598, 8vo. 
 Sind ** Honour's Academy ; or, the famous Pastorall 
 R 3 of 
 
538 
 
 of the faire shepherdesse Juliettaj" 1610, fol. The 
 bibliographer, however, has added in a note, that 
 though the initials R. T. are constantly thought to 
 be those of Robert ToftCj it may be just mentioned, 
 that there was likewise a Richard Turner, who wrote 
 *^ Nosce Te (Humors)," 1607, a collection of Epi- 
 grams 5 but nothing, it is believed, before 1600. 
 
 T.P. 
 
 Art. IV. WILLIAM SHENSTONE. 
 
 Dr. Johnson, in his life of this poet, says, that at 
 Oxford he employed himself upon English poetry; 
 and in 1737 publifhed a small miscellany without his 
 name. Dr. Anderson repeats this information, but, 
 from his usual ardour of research and more successful 
 inquiry, has produced a title to that miscellany. The 
 fact however is, that there were two titles, which as 
 the book is extremely scarce, shall here be given : 
 thou2;h the author's name and the mottos form the 
 only difference. 
 
 " Poems upon various Occasions. Written for the 
 entertainment of the author, and printed for the enter- 
 tainment of a few friends, prejudic'd in his favour. 
 By William Shenstone, gent. 
 
 Sfes et Fortuna, "valcte ! 
 
 Oxford : printed by Leon. Lichfield, near East-gate, 
 
 1737." ■ ^ 
 
 " Poems upon various Occasions. Written for the 
 entertainment of the author, and printed for the 
 amusement of a few friends, prejudic'd in his favour. 
 Cont£7iius faucis hctoribus. HoR. 
 
 Oxford: printed by Leon. Lichfield near East-gate, 
 ''''■" ■ The 
 
^39 
 
 The two copies to which the above are prefixed do 
 •not appear to contain any other material diverfity, 
 except that the dedicatiau to the former is dated 
 *^ Pembroke College, Oxford, April 29th, 1737 3" and 
 that to the latter has only the month and year sub- 
 joined. The poet addresses his " prefatory Dedication 
 
 to Mrs. :" a lady, he says, of a penetratino* 
 
 judgment and refined taste; to whom he devotes five 
 pages of pedantic quaintncss and txuiiid panegyric. His 
 poetry he begs leave to declare, is '' the product of a 
 young genius, little exercised in versification;" and 
 he seems feelingly to predict his future character, when 
 he affirms " that indolence has proved with him, and 
 always will do, more than a balance to any other am- 
 bition." 
 
 The poetical contents of this juvenile opusculuni it 
 may not be incurious to record, nor can a brief report 
 of their respective merits be deemed out of its plarcg 
 in Censuea Literaria. 
 
 *^ The Speeches of Sloth and Virtue : upon the plan 
 ofXenophon's Judgmentof Hercules." These speeches, 
 with considerable enlargeiuent and revisal, were incor- 
 porated into the Judgment of Hercules, which is placed 
 foremost in the division of Shenstone's moral pieces, 
 in Dodsley's edition of 1765. 
 
 '•' Love and Musick." A feebk Ivric ode, which 
 jieither possesses tbe animation excited by love, nor 
 Jhe harmony inspired by music. 
 
 *^ Colemira : a culinary Eclogue.^' Verbatim, as 
 printed by Dodsley, p. 197. 
 
 ** Comparison." Trite, common-plnce compli- 
 ment to Silvia^, in which her eyes are compared to the 
 
 S 4 sun. 
 
24-0 
 
 sun, her voice to the nightingale, her complexion to 
 alabaster, and her cheek to the rose. 
 
 " The School-Mistress." A coarse and imperfect 
 sketch of what was afterwards wrought up into a deli- 
 cate cabinet picture. It consists of twelve stanzas 
 only; one of v^hich was judiciously rejected for its 
 grossness. The remaining eleven greatly improved, 
 and seventeen new ones added, the poem was reprinted 
 in 1742, 8vo. with an Index describing the contents 
 of each stanza, and various passages cited in the mar- 
 gin from Virgil, Horace^ &c. which had served to fur- 
 nish hints or illustrations. In the posthumous edition 
 of Shenstone's works, it appeared with seven additiomd 
 stanzas, and forms (as Dr, Johnson oliserves) "one of 
 the author's most pleasing performances." 
 
 *' The Qiiill." Twelve short stanzas, tracing in 
 detail the various services of a goose-quill, from the 
 pens of Pope, Young, and Gibber, to the tuning of s^ 
 spinnct and employ of a toothpick. 
 
 " Alboque simillima Cygno." This may serve as 
 a civil censure on the frivolous excuses made by many 
 females, when solicited in company to favour their 
 friends with a song: and being brief, it shall be ex- 
 tracted, as it aflbrds a specimen of the writer's Juve- 
 nilia. 
 
 As Delia, lovely syren ! sate 
 The myrtle .shades among j 
 Regardless of a farther fate 
 Than what her killing eyes create, 
 Fhilander begg'd a scng. 
 
 Too 
 
Too well, alas I the artful knew 
 
 He'd not his suit give o'er ; 
 And cry'd — '' By walking in the dew 
 I'm grown so hoarse — I vow 'tis true — 
 
 Dear swain insist no more!" 
 
 At length, to his renew'd address 
 
 She yields, yet vows again — 
 *' She scarce can draw her breath, much less 
 In modulated thrills express. 
 
 Or raise one pleasing strain." — 
 
 Such-like evasions store the heart 
 
 Of ev'ry tuneful she ; 
 That one, unvers'd in female art. 
 Must think them going to impart. 
 Like swans, their elegy. 
 ** The Gosslpping; a ballad. To the tune of King 
 John and the Abbot of Canterbury." A mythological 
 ditty of fourteen verses, each ending with a deny doiun, 
 t^c. Written much in the plan of Geo. Alex, Stcc- 
 vens's toping rants, but conducted with less h-umour 
 and more vulgarity. 
 
 ^' Stanzas to the memory of W. G. parish-clerk, 
 who departed this life &c. to the inexpressible grief 
 of his admirers. In imitation of Maister Sternhold.'* 
 This imitation extends to thirteen staves, somewhat 
 puerile and bordering on the profane. 
 
 " Anacreontick. lol Bacche! Hor." No uncha- 
 racteristic specimen of the Bacchanalian extravaganza 
 style; in which ludicrous bo^Tlbast or sottish sensuality 
 commonly supply the want of exhikirating ideas. 
 
 *^ To Mr. Pope, on his Dunciad." An epigram- 
 matic squib thrown at the opponents of Pope, which 
 could not be gathered up in the collection published 
 ynder the name of Savage, in 173^?. 
 
 " Eve's 
 
24Z 
 
 "■ Eve's Speech In Milton, upon her Expulsion out 
 of Paradise." This exquisitely pathetic lamentation is 
 here be- rhymed out of its original grace, and para- 
 phrased out of its dignified simplicity. Such a feeble 
 attempt to improve on Milton was an evidence of very 
 erroneous taste. 
 
 " Judith's Song." Versified with considerable in- 
 genuity and force of expression. 
 
 " The Tea-Table. " In nine stanzas. Trifling as 
 the subject they commemorate. 
 
 *' Inscription to the memory of A. L. Esq." Printed 
 by Dodsley in Shenstone's Levities ; whereas suppres- 
 sion would have been more honourable to the author 
 and to his editor. 
 
 " To Sehnda Sailing." In the manner of his songs, 
 and like some of them very jejune. 
 
 *^ To Selinda. An Apology for having celebrated 
 others." More witty than amatory; and written by 
 the poet when 'twas '^ his with mock-passion to 
 glow." 
 
 *^ Cupid and Plutus." A successful imitation of 
 Mat Prior's more airy productions. 
 
 " Written under a Lady's Name on a Window." 
 What any poet-corner wit might have composed. 
 
 '* The Snuff-Box." No unfaithful adumbration of 
 J*arnell's melodious ease and neatness. 
 
 ^^ The Enchantress. Anacreontick." A mimicry 
 of namby-pamby Phillips ; but executed with less cha- 
 |-acteristic prettiness, and more strained conceit. 
 
 ^' Je-ne-9^ai quoi. In imitation of Lord Roches- 
 ter's poem upon Nothing." A languid parody on a 
 well-known and spirited ejffusion; to which it only 
 
 bears 
 
243 
 
 i»ears resemblance, from being wnttcn in similar 
 metre. 
 
 ' ** Verses to a Lady. Together with some coloured 
 patterns of Flowers." A grave epistolary address, 
 dated from Harborough, Oct 7, 1736; and written 
 apparently when Pope was the prevailing model^ as 
 the following extract may serve to indicate. 
 The sweets of tranquil life, and rurnl ease, 
 Aniuse securely, nor less justly please. 
 Where gentle Pleasure shews her milder powV, 
 Or blooms in fmit, or sparkles ia the flow'r; 
 Smiles in the groves, the raptur'd poet's theme. 
 Flows in the brook, his Naiad of the sti-eam; 
 Dawns with each happier stroke the pencil gives. 
 And, in each livelier image, sxiiling lives; 
 Is heard, when Silvia strikes the warbling strings, 
 Selinda speaks, or Philomela sings : 
 Breathes with the morn ; attends, propitious maid. 
 The ev"ning ramble and the noon-day glade: 
 Some visionary Fair, she cheats our view, ' 
 Then only vig'rous, when she's seen like you, 
 * * * * 
 
 Such are your honours — mentioned to your cost. 
 Those least can hear them, who deserve them most. 
 
 On a general survey of the above publication, it ap- 
 pears to contain little more than what many a college- 
 student, with a poetical propensity, has had it in his 
 power to usher forth at the age of twenty-three; nor 
 does it glisten with any luminous presage, that the 
 author would hereafter obtain an appro|^riate niche in 
 the temple of British Fame. That he should in riper 
 life have endeavoured to recal and cancel these puerile 
 effusions, as the late Mr. Steevens reported, is credit- 
 able 
 
544 
 able to his maturftr judgment j but that he did not al- 
 together effect his purpose, some ardent collectors of 
 fiterary rarities may exult to declare: and indeed to the 
 ingenuous student it must always afford a pleasurable 
 exercise, when he can compare the first draughts of any 
 masterly hand with itsmorefinished productions. T. P. 
 
 Art. V. *' Songes and So7ineies of Henry Earle of 
 Surry'^ and others. *' Imprinted at London^ in 
 Fletestrete, within Temple harre, at the signe of the 
 Hand and Starre hy Richard Tottel, theffte day of 
 June, An. 1557. Cum priuilegio ad imprivienduni 
 solum."' — Sixteens. Frequently reprinted; viz. 1565, 
 3567, 15(^9, i574j 1585, 1587*, and afterwards; 
 . — yet very scarce, f 
 
 Art. VI. *' Poems of Henry Howard, Earl ofSur- 
 rey, whoflourished in the reign of Henry the Eighth. 
 Trintedfrom a correct copy. IVith the Poems of 
 Sir Thomas JViat, and others his famous cotempo- 
 raries. To which are added some Memoirs of his 
 JLifi and Writings. London, Printed for IV. Meares 
 at the Land', and J. Brozvn at the Black Swan, 
 without Temple Bar. 17 17." Svo. With a Pre- 
 face hy George Sew ell, M. D. 
 
 Art. VII. ^^ Songes and Sonettes luritten hy the 
 Right Honourahle Lord Henry Howard, late Earle 
 of Surrey. Imprinted at London in Fletestrete, 
 within Temple Barre, at the signe of the Hand and 
 Starre, hy Richard Totiell. Anno J 567. Cum 
 privilegio. Reprinted hy .E> Curll. Anno i']i'j..'* 
 Svo. 
 
 * The Bodkian Catalogue says, " Lond. by R. Robinson, 15S7, 8vo." 
 •}• H?/iertI!. 812, Wajtoii, III. Ji, 12, 60,69. 
 
 Advertiscmerit 
 
54^ 
 
 jidvertlsement to CurlVs Edition, 
 
 f' In order to give the publick as correct an edition 
 as I could of these vaUiable Poems, I procured among 
 my friends these several editions, printed in the years 
 1^65, 1567, and 1569, all which I found very full of 
 typographical errors, but the most correct was that of 
 1567, from which this edition is printed, and to which 
 the folios numbered by numeral figures in the margin 
 refer. When I had made the edition of 1567 as cor- 
 rect as I could from the other two, I heard of another 
 copy * in the Bodleian Library in Oxford, among Mr. 
 Selden's books, wherein were many considerable 
 amendments, supposed to be made by that eminent 
 person: which I got collated by a learned gentleman 
 there. So that I hope it will appear I have given my 
 Lord Surrey's Poems in their antique dress, in as care- 
 ful and accurate a manner as possible : and if these ad- 
 mirable Songes and Sonettes meet with a reception 
 equal to their merit, they shall be immediately followed 
 by the remainder, in the same volume, written by 
 himself, and his intimate friend Sir Thomas Wiattthe 
 elder; to which will be subjoined a very full and par- 
 ticular account of these noble authors, who have hither- 
 to been undeservedly deny'd the justice due to their 
 memories." 
 
 " London, April 13, 17 17. « Vale." 
 
 Curll's edition ends with the poems of Sir Thomas 
 Wyatt, and totally omits the poems of *' Uncertain 
 Authors" which are entirely reprinted in the other 
 edition of the same year (17 17). 
 
 • There was another edition printed Anno 1 585. 
 
246 
 
 The Original Preface4 
 ** To the Reader. 
 
 ** That to have wel written in verse^ yea, and in 
 small parcellcs, deserveth great prayse, the workes of 
 dyversLatinesjltaliansjandothcr, doe prove sufficiently; 
 that our Tong is able in that kynde to dooe as prayse 
 worthelv as the rest, the honourable style of the noble 
 lEarle of Surrey, and the weightinesse of the deep witted 
 Syr Thomas Wyat the eMer's verse, \\\ih several 
 graces in sundry good English writers, doe shew abun- 
 dantly. Itrestethe nowe, gentle reader, that thou thynke 
 it not evil done, to publish to the honour of theEnglysh 
 Tong, and for the profite of the Studiouse of Englysh 
 eloquence, those woorkes which the ungentle borders 
 tip of such treasure have heretofore envyed thee ; and 
 for this point, good Teader, thyne owne profite and 
 pleasure in these presently, and in nio hereafter shall 
 annswcrc for my defence. If perhappes somemyslyke 
 the statelinesse of style removed from the rude skyll of 
 common earcs, I ask helpe of the learned to defende 
 thyrc learned frends the authors of this woorke ; and 
 I exhorte the unlearned by reading to learne to be more 
 skyllfull, and to purge that swinelike grossenesse that 
 maketh the sweet Majerome not to smell to theyr dcT 
 light." 
 
 The editor of the republication by Mearcs and Brown^ 
 after giving a short account of Lord Surry's life, adds : 
 *' For the beauties of his poetical vein, I chuse rather 
 to appeal to the judgment of others, than endeavour to 
 impose mv own on the reader. He was intimate with 
 Sir Thomas Wyat and Sir Francis Brian, his cotempo- 
 rarics, who were far the best judges and poets of those 
 days. And as for those who succeeded him, if it is a 
 
 true 
 
H1 
 
 true observation, that those who deserve best them- 
 selves are the forwardest to do justice to others, there 
 was hardly a poet of note since this nobleman's time, 
 who has not paid some respect to his memory. Sir 
 Philip Sidney, whose praise itself were a sufficient 
 honour, where he recounts those few of our own nation, 
 who had written, as he speaks, with poetical sinews, 
 takes notice, " that in ihe Earl of Surrey's Lyrics there 
 were many things tasting of a noble birth, and worthy 
 of a noble mind." .And afterwards by finding fault 
 with the bare rhimers of the age, who laid down no 
 plan in their poems, he gives a backward glance to our 
 author, whose subjects are always finely chosen, and 
 the same scheme justly pursued, without the feeble 
 help, as Sir Philip says, of one lame verse begetting 
 another. 
 
 " To come lower; Mr. Drayton, in his Herolcal 
 Epistles, written in imitation of Ovid's, singles him 
 out as his favourite, and has indited one in his name to 
 iheLady Geraldine. There are a great many beauties, as 
 well as a good share of antiquity in this letter, and were 
 I to judge I should allow it the first place in his com- 
 positions. I cannot forbear repeating those fine verses 
 he puts in his mouth in honour of the Muses ; a sub- 
 ject frequently touched by the Latin poets, but more 
 excellently here. 
 
 When Heaven would strive to do the best rt can. 
 And put an angel's spirit into man. 
 The utmost power it hath, it then doth spend* 
 When to the world a poet it doth intend. 
 That little diff rence 'twixt the gods and us, 
 By them confirra'd, distinguish'd onl/ thus. 
 
 Whom 
 
548 
 
 tVhom they in birth ordain to happy days. 
 The gods commit their glory to our praise. 
 T' eterrml life when they dissolve their breath;, 
 We likewise share a second power by death. 
 When Time shall turn those amber locks to gray, 
 My verse again shall gild and make them gay. 
 And trick them up in knotted curls anew. 
 And to thy autumn give a summer's huej 
 That sacred power that in my ink remains. 
 Shall put fresh blood into thy wither'd veins.* 
 
 *' It were easy to shew how these lines, with a little' 
 modern polish, have been imitated, turned, and worked 
 twenty ways by Lee, Dryden, and others^ but tha! 
 business is not of this time, and so we must pursue ou? 
 subject." t 
 
 Anderson in his ^' English Poets" has given only a 
 small selection of the " Poems of Uncertain Authors,'* 
 which accompany those ofSurry and Wyat in Tottel's 
 editions, and " form the first printed poetical Miscellany 
 in the English language — ^' a garland," addsWarton, 
 *' in Vkliich it appears to iiave been the fashion for every 
 ilowcry courtier to leave some of his blossoms." 
 *' Eichard Tottel," continues this elegant historian, 
 
 * See before p. 237. 
 
 ■\ Mr. P.irk, at the end of his new edition of Harrington's " Nugae An* 
 tiquK,'" has printed from MSS. Lord Surry's " Exhortation to the Citizens 
 of London j" his " Five Chapters fromUhe Ecclesiastes of Solomon, versi- 
 fied j" and " Three Psalms versified ;" none of which are in Tottel's collec- 
 tion. From the preface to this publication I also learn that it is Bishop 
 Percy's intention to give a new edition of Tottel's Miscellany, which I am 
 inioimed, has been some years printed. 
 
 Mr. Park also here ascribes to Lord Rochford the beautiful lines, 
 '^ My lute, awake, perform the last 
 
 Labour, tinat thou and I shall waste," &c. 
 which Tottel^2^^"'^s to Wyat. 
 
 " deserves 
 
249 
 
 ^^ deserves highly of Enghsh hteratnre, for having col- 
 lected at a critical period, and preserved in a printed 
 volume, so many admirable specimens of ancient 
 genius, which would have mouldered in manuscript, 
 or perhaps from their detached and fugitive state of ex- 
 istence, their want of length, the capriciousness of 
 taste, the general depredations of time, inattention, and 
 other accidents, would never have reached the present 
 age." 
 
 As these poems of " Uncertain Authors" are at 
 present scarce, I shall give a few specimens. 
 
 *^ ThefelicUij of a mind embracing virtue, that he- 
 holdeth the wretched desires of the world, 
 
 1. 
 
 When dreadful swelling seas, 
 
 Through boistrous whidy blasts. 
 So top the ships, that all for nought 
 
 Serves anchor, sail, and masts : 
 Who takes not pleasure then. 
 
 Safely on shore to rest. 
 And see with dread and deep despair 
 
 How shipmen are distrest. 
 
 2. 
 
 Not that we pleasure take. 
 
 When others feelen smart. 
 Our gladness grow'th to see their harms, 
 
 And yet to feel no part. 
 Delight we take also. 
 
 Well ranged in array. 
 When armies meet, to see the fight, 
 
 Yet free be from this fray. 
 
 s 3. Bat 
 
2S0 
 
 3. 
 
 But yet among the rest. 
 
 No joy may match with this, 
 T' aspire unto the temple high. 
 
 Where Wisdoni throned is. 
 Defended with the saws 
 
 Of hoary heads expert. 
 Which clear it keeps from error's mist. 
 
 That might the truth pervert. 
 
 4. 
 
 From whence thou may'st look down. 
 
 And see, as under foot, 
 Man's wandring will and doubtful life, 
 
 From whence they took their root. 
 How some by wit contend. 
 
 By prowess some to rise, 
 Biches and rule to gain and hold. 
 
 Is all that men devise. 
 
 5. 
 
 O miserable minds, 
 
 O hearts in folly drent. 
 Why see you not what blindness in 
 
 This wretched life is spent ? 
 Body, devoid of grief. 
 
 Mind free from care and dread. 
 Is all and some that Nature craves,^ 
 
 Wherewith our life to feed. 
 
 6. 
 
 So that for Nature's turn 
 F"ew things may well suffice. 
 
 Dolour and grief clean to expell. 
 And some delight surprize. 
 
 Yea, 
 
Yea, and it falleth oft. 
 
 That Nature more content. 
 Is with the less, than when the more 
 
 To cause delight is spent. * 
 
 T^he Lover in lihei-ty smileth at them in ihraldom, 
 that sometime scorned his bondage. 
 
 At liberty I sit and see 
 Them that have erst laugh'd me to scorn, 
 
 Whipp'd with the whip that scourged me. 
 And now they ban that they were born. 
 
 I see them sit full soberly. 
 And think their earnest looks to hide ; 
 
 Now in themselves they cannot spy. 
 That they or this in me have spied. 
 
 I see them sitting all alone. 
 Marking the steps, each word, and look ; 
 
 x\nd now they tread, where I have gone. 
 The painful path that I forsook. 
 
 Now I see well I saw no whit. 
 When they saw well that now are blind j 
 
 But happy hap hath made me quit. 
 And just judgment hath them assign'd. 
 
 I see them wander all alone. 
 And tread full fast in dreadful doubt 
 
 The selfsame path that I have gone : 
 Blessed be hap that brought me out ! 
 
 At liberty all this I see, 
 And see no word but erst among. 
 
 Smiling at them that laugh'd at me, 
 Lo, such is hap : mark well my song. 
 
 * In the original these are printed as Alexandrine couplets, but are here 
 divided according to the modern mode. 
 
 s2 Of 
 
2SZ 
 
 Of Fortune and Fame, 
 1. 
 The plague is great, where Fortune frowns. 
 
 One mischief brings a thousand woes. 
 Where trumpets give their warlike sounds. 
 
 The weak sustain sharp overthrows : 
 No better life they taste or feel 
 That subject are to Fortune's wheel. 
 
 2. 
 Her happy chance may last no time j 
 
 Her pleasure threateneth pains to come j 
 She is the fall of those that climb. 
 
 And yet her wheel advanceth some. 
 No force, where that she hates or loves 
 Her fickle mind so oft removes. 
 
 3. 
 She gives no gift, but craves as fast. 
 
 She soon repents a thankful deed; 
 She turneth after every blast ; 
 
 She helps them oft that hath no need. 
 Where Power dwells, and riches rest. 
 False Fortune is a common guest. 
 
 4. 
 Yet some affirm, and prove by skill. 
 
 Fortune is not a flying fame. 
 She neither can do good nor ill. 
 
 She hath no form, yet bears a name j 
 Yet we but strive against the streams. 
 To frame such toys on fancy's dreams, 
 
 5. 
 If she hath shape or name alone. 
 
 If she do rule or -bear no sway. 
 If she have body, life, or none. 
 
 Be she a sprite I cannot say ', 
 But well I wot, some cause there Is 
 That causeth woe, and sendeth bliss. 
 
 6. The 
 
^3$ 
 
 6. 
 
 The causes of things I will not blame^ 
 
 Lest I offend the prince of peace : 
 But I may chide, and brawl with fame, 
 
 To make her cry, and never cease 
 To blow the trump within her ears. 
 That may appease my woeful tears. 
 
 All worldly pleasures fade, 
 
 1. 
 
 The winter with his grisly storms 
 
 No longer dare abide j 
 The pleasant grass with lusty green 
 
 The earth hath newly dyed. 
 
 2. 
 
 The trees have leaves, the boughs down spread^ 
 
 New changed is the year j 
 The water-brooks are clean sunk down. 
 
 The pleasant banks appear, 
 
 3. 
 
 The spring is come, the goodly nymphs 
 
 Now dance in every place -, 
 Thus hath the year most pleasantly 
 
 Of late ychang'd his face. 
 
 4. 
 Hope for no immortality. 
 
 For wealth will wear away. 
 As we may learn by every year. 
 Nay hours of every day, 
 5. 
 For Zephyrus doth mollify 
 
 The cold and blustering winds j 
 The summer's drought doth take away 
 The spring out of our minds, 
 
 5 3 6' And 
 
^54 
 
 6. 
 
 And yet the summer cannot last, 
 
 But once must step aside ; 
 Then autumn thinks to keep his place. 
 
 But autumn cannot bide. 
 
 7. 
 For when he hath brought forth his fruits. 
 
 And stufF'd the barns with corn, 
 Then winter eats and empties all. 
 
 And thus is autumn worn. 
 8. 
 Then hoary frosts possess the place. 
 
 Then tempests work much harm, 
 Then rage of storms doth make all cold. 
 
 Which summer had made so warm. 
 
 9- 
 
 Wherefore let no man put his trust 
 
 In that, that will decay ; 
 For slipper wealth will not continue. 
 
 Pleasure will wear away. 
 10. 
 For when that we have lost our life. 
 
 And lie under a stone. 
 What are we then 3 we are but earth; 
 
 Then is our pleasure gone. 
 11. 
 No man can tell what God Almight 
 
 Of every wight doth castj 
 No man can say, to-day 1 live, 
 
 Till morn my life shall last, 
 12. 
 For when thou shalt before thy judge 
 
 Stand to receive thy doom. 
 What sentence Minos doth pronounce. 
 
 That must of thee become, 
 
 " ' 13. Thca 
 
^35 
 
 13. 
 
 Then shall not noble stock and blood 
 
 Redeem thee from his hands. 
 Nor sugred talk with eloquence 
 
 Shall loose thee from his bands. 
 
 14. 
 Nor yet thy life uprightly led 
 
 Gan help thee out of hell; 
 For who descendeth down so deep. 
 
 Must there abide and dwell. 
 
 15. 
 
 Diana could not thence deliver 
 
 The chaste Hippolitus, 
 Nor Theseus could not call to life 
 
 His friend Pirithous. 
 
 Art. VIII. " The Paradyse ofDaynfy Devises aptly 
 furnished with sundry pithie and learned inven- 
 tlonSf devised and written for the most part by M. 
 Edivards, sometimes of her Majesties chappel : 
 the rest by sundry learned gentlemeuj both of 
 fipnor and woorshippe, 
 
 viz. 
 S. Barnarde. Jasper Hey wood. 
 
 B.O. . F.K. 
 
 L. Faux. M. Bewe. 
 
 D.S. R.HilL 
 
 M. Yloop with others." 
 
 The device — an angel crowned, holding in his right 
 
 hand a flaming heart, and in his left a cross. Th(? 
 
 motto about it, " Ego sum via et Veritas." 
 
 Imprinted at London by Henry Drsle, divellyng ir^ 
 
 § 4 jPmle% 
 
2S6 
 
 Paides Churchyard, at the south west doore of Saint 
 Panics Churchy and are there to he solde. 1576. 
 4/0.* 
 
 On the next leaf is the coat armour in twelve escut- 
 cheons of Henry Lord Compton, to jvhom the book is 
 dedicated by H. D. the printer. 
 
 This Collection was again printed by Disle in 1577, 
 and ^5785 and is the only book of his printing which 
 has escaped the devastations of time. 
 
 There was an edition in 1585, probably by Edward 
 White, to whom the copy was granted by Timothy 
 Eider. White also put forth editions in 1596, and 1600. 
 
 Edward Allde also put forth an edition in 15965 
 4to. to which the device is a flowerpot. 
 
 Notwithstanding all these editions, the work is now 
 very scarce. 
 
 To the Right Honorable Syr Henry Compton, Knight, 
 Lorde Compton of Compton. 
 RlQHT Honorable and my very good Lord, 
 (presuming uppon your curtesy) I am boldeto present 
 imto your honor, this small volume j entituled. The 
 Paradise of deynty devises, being penned by divers 
 learned gentlemen, and collected togeather, through 
 the travell of one both of worship and credite, for his 
 private use; who not long since departed this lyfe, 
 
 • From the transcript of this book by the la're George Steevens, who says 
 *' It has been attempted to render the following MS. a fac-simile of the first 
 ed;tv3n of the Paradise of Dainty Devices, with all its inaccuracy of spelling, 
 punctuation, Sic; but as habits of orthography, &c. are not easily got rid of, 
 they may occasionally have prevailed over the blunders which the transcriber 
 has professed to copy." 
 
 which 
 
^S1 
 
 which when I had perused over, not without the advise 
 of sundry my freendes, I determined by theyr good 
 motion, to set them in print, who therunto greatly 
 perswaded me, with these and hke woordes : The 
 wryters of them wei^e both of honor and worship : be- 
 sides that our own countreymen, and such as for theyr 
 learnyng and gravitie might be accounted of, among the 
 wisest. Furthermore, the ditties both pithy and plea- 
 sant, as well for the invention as meter, and wyll 
 yeelde a farre greater delight, being as they are so aptly 
 made to be set to any song in five partes, or song to 
 instrument. Which wel consydering, I purposed not 
 to forsake so good an occasion, beseeching your honor 
 to accept it in good part, cheefely for the aucthours 
 sake : who though some of them are departed this 
 lyfe, yet theyr woorthy doings shall continue for ever : 
 for hke as the shadow foloweth the body, so praise 
 foloweth vertue : and as the shadow goeth sometimes 
 before, and sometimes behind, so doth praise also to 
 vertue: but the later it commcth the greater it is, and 
 to be the better esteemed. Thus fearing to offende 
 your honour with these my rude speeches, I end, 
 wishing your L. many yeres of joy. 
 
 Your good Lordship's wholy to commaund 
 
 H. D. 
 
 Contents of this first edition of this Miscellany. 
 
 1. The Translation of the blessed St. Barnard's 
 Verses conteyning the unstable Felicitie of this Way- 
 faring Worlde, The author's signature, ^^ My Lucke 
 is Losse." 
 
 2. ^^ Beware of had I wyst." Same signature. 
 
 3. The 
 
258 
 
 3- The perfect Tryall of a Falthfull Freend. Signed 
 « yioop/' 
 
 4. No Pleasure without some Payne. By E, S. 
 
 5. Our Pleasures are Vanities. By D. S. 
 
 6. May. By M. Edwardes. « 
 
 7. Fair VVoordes make Foolcs Faine. By the same. 
 
 8. In his Extreame Sycknesse. By Lord Vaux. 
 
 9. For Christmas Day. By F[ranc] . K[inwel- 
 marsh.] 
 
 10. Easter-Day. By Jasper Heyvvood. 
 
 11. P^or Whitsunday. By M. Kindlemarsh. 
 
 12. " Who mindes to bring his shippe to happy 
 
 shore. 
 Must care to knowe the lawes of wysdome's 
 lore.^' By Jasper Heywood. 
 
 13. Of the Unconstant Stay of Fortune's Giftes. By 
 K. Hill. 
 
 14. No Woordes, but Deedes. By R. D. 
 
 15. He desyreth Exchange of Lyfe. By Ld. Vaux. 
 
 16. Of the lustabilitie of Youth. By the same, 
 jy. ** Most happy is that state alone, 
 
 Where woordes and deedes agree in one." 
 
 ByF. K. 
 38. ^^ Who wyll aspire to dignitie. 
 
 By learnyng must advaunced be." 
 
 By the same, 
 
 19. " Man's flitting life fyndes surest stay, 
 
 Where sacred vcrtue beareth sway." 
 
 By M. T. 
 
 20. Nothing is comparable unto a Faithfull Freend. 
 By F. K. ^ 
 
 21. ^es= 
 f 
 
559 
 
 21. Resplce finem. By D. S. 
 
 22. He persuadeth his Frend from the fond Effects 
 of Love. * 
 
 23. Wantyng his desyre, he complayneth. By 
 M. Edvvardes. ^ 
 
 24. Trye before you Trust. By D. S. 
 
 25. A Lady Forsaken complayneth. By M. D. 
 16. Finding WorldlyJoyes but Vanities, he wysheth 
 
 death. By F. M. 
 
 27. Having marryed a woorthy Lady, and taken 
 away by Death, he complayneth his mishap. By 
 F. G. 
 
 28. A woorthy Dittie, song before the Queene'« 
 Majestic at Bristowe. By D. S. 
 
 29. His good Name being blemished, he bewaileth. 
 By the Earl of Oxford. 
 
 30. Of Fortune's Power. By M. Edvvardes. 
 
 31. *' Though Triumph after bloudy warres. 
 
 The greatest brags do beare, 
 Yet Triumph of a conquered minde. 
 The crovvne of Fame shall weare." 
 
 By the same. 
 
 32. "Whoso will be accompted wise." By the 
 same. 
 
 33. A Frendly Admonition. By R. Hill. 
 
 34. Sundrie Men, sundrie Affectes. By the same. 
 
 35. t Time gives Experience. By R. H. 
 
 36. Of Sufferance cometh Ease. By E, S. 
 
 37. t Being trapped in Love, he complayneth. By 
 the same. 
 
 * RItson attributes this to Thomas ChurchyarcJ, 
 
 38. t^* Though 
 
z6o 
 
 38. t ^^ Though Fortune have sette thee on hie, 
 
 Kemember yet that thou shalt die." 
 
 By F K. 
 
 39. A Vertuous Gentlewoman in the Praise of hir 
 Love. By M. K. 
 
 40. Oppressed with Sorowe, he wysheth Death. 
 
 41. *' Where reason makes request. 
 
 There wisdom ought supplie. 
 With friendly answere prest. 
 To graunt, or else denie." 
 
 Signed, " My Lucke is Losse." 
 
 42. " Donee erls felix niultos numerabis amisos, 
 
 Nullus ad amissas ibit amicus opes." 
 
 Same signature. 
 
 43. ^^ What Joye to a Contented Mynde." Same 
 signature. 
 
 44. Amantium irae amoris redintegratio est. By 
 M. Edwardes. 
 
 45. Thinke to dye. By D. S. 
 
 46. Beyng asked the occasion of his white head, he 
 aunswereth thus. By Lord Vaux. 
 
 47. t " I would to God, I were Acteon." By M. B. 
 
 48. " Why should I lengcr long to live." ByE.S. 
 
 49. Prudens. The historic of Damocles, and Dio- 
 nise. 
 
 50. Fortitude. A yongman of ^^gipt, and Valerian. 
 
 51. Justice. Zaiouch, and his sonne. 
 
 52. Temperaunce. Spurina, and the Romainc 
 Ladies. ByF.M. 
 
 53. A Bunche of Herbes and Flowers. 
 ^4. t *' Now mortall man beholde and see 
 
 This worlde is but a vanitie." 
 
 By M. Thorn. 
 
 5S' I« 
 
56l 
 
 55. In commendation of Muslck. By M. Edwariies, 
 
 56. t " When sage Ulisses sailed by.'* By M. 
 Bew. 
 
 57. FIndyng no Joye, hedeslreth Death. By W. H, 
 
 58. Hope well, and have well. By the same. 
 
 59. t He repenteth his Folly. By the same. 
 
 60. He requesteth some frendly Comfort, affirmyng 
 his constancie. By M. Edwardes. 
 
 61. He complaineth his Mishapp. By M. H. 
 
 62. No foe to a Flatterer. 
 
 63. " The Spider with great Skill." By W. Hunis. 
 
 64. "Thesubtill slily Sleights." By M. Edwardes. 
 
 65. *' With painted Speache I list not prove." By 
 M. B. 
 
 66. t Trie, and then trust. ■ By Richard Hill. 
 
 67. Complainyng to his Frende, he replieth wittllv. 
 By M. Edwardes. 
 
 68. t No Paines comparable to his Attempt. By 
 W. H. 
 
 69. No Pleasure without some Paine. By Lord 
 Vaux. 
 
 70. The Fruites of fained Frendes. By VV. H. 
 
 71. Beyng importunate, at the length, heobtaineth. 
 By M. B. 
 
 72. Requryng the favour of his Love, she aunswereth 
 thus. By E. S. 
 
 73. A Lover's Jove. By F. K. 
 
 74. t The Judgement of Desire, By the E. of O. 
 
 75. The Complaint of a Lover, wearyng blacke and 
 tawnie. By the same. 
 
 76. t He complaineth thus: " Lo heare the Man," 
 &c. 
 
 7 7 . Findyng no relief, he complaineth thus. By R .H, 
 
 78. t Beyng 
 
z6z 
 
 78. t Beyng in Love, he complalneth. By Lord 
 Vaux. 
 
 79. t A Lover Disdained, complaineth. By the 
 same. 
 
 80. Beyng in Love, he complaineth. By M. B. 
 
 81. A Lover Rejected, complaineth. By E, of O. 
 
 82. Not attainyng to his Desire, he complaineth. 
 By the same. 
 
 83. t His Mynde not quietly setled, he writeth 
 thus. By the same. 
 
 84. -j- Of the Mightie Power of Love. By the same. 
 8^. Beyng Disdained, he complaineth. By L. 
 
 Vaux, 
 
 86. Of the Meane Estate. By the same. 
 
 87. Of a Contented Mynde. By the same. 
 
 88. Trie before you trust. By the same, 
 
 89. He renounceth all the Affectes of Love, By 
 the same. 
 
 90. t Beyng in Sorrowe, he complaineth. By the 
 same. 
 
 91. Beyng in Love, he complaineth. By R. L. 
 
 92. Beyng in Trouble, he u^riteth thus. By T. M. 
 9J. Beyng troubled in Mynde, he writeth as fol- 
 
 loweth. By J. H. 
 
 94. Locke or you Leape. By Jasper Heywood. 
 
 95. t He bewaileth his Mishappe. By R. H. 
 
 96. The Complaint of a Synner. By F. K. 
 
 97. " The fruite that sprynges from wilful wites. 
 
 Is rutiie, and ruins rage. 
 And sure what hcedelesse youthe committcs, 
 Repentaunce rues in age.'* 
 
 Signed, « Yloop." 
 
 Finis. 
 
 Imprinted 
 
5^3 
 
 Imprinted at London by Henry Dlsle, dwellyng at 
 the south-west doore of Panles churche, 1575. 
 
 This edition contains seventeen articles which are 
 not in the edition of 1600. They are thus distin- 
 guished f. 
 
 The following articles, which are found in the editioni 
 of 1600, are wanting in this. 
 
 Page 
 i. " Amid the Vale/' By Jasper Hey wood, 3 
 
 2. « A Faithfull Friend." By M. Edwardes. 36 
 
 3. " Alacke, when I looke Backe." By W. 
 
 Hunnis. - - - 6i 
 
 4. *' I read a Maying Rime." By M. S. - 26 
 
 5. " [f thou delight." By W. Hunnis - 48 
 
 6. ^' In Loathsome Race." By Candishe. yd 
 
 7. " In Searche of Thinges. By W. Hunnis. 71 
 
 8. " In Wealthe we see." By the same. 72 
 
 9. " In May by Kinde." By M. Edwardes. 82 
 
 10. " Like as the Doleful Dove." By W. Hun- 
 
 nis. - - - 6t 
 
 11. "My Eye." By the same. - 55 
 
 12. " My owne Godfather." By H. D. - 66 
 
 13. ^' O Soveraigne Salve." By Jasper Hcywood. 83 
 
 14. " Perhaps you thinke." By A. Bourcher.* 20 
 i.r;. <« The DeepeTurmoiled Wight." - 21 
 
 16. " The Wandring Youth." ByJ. Heywood. 84 
 
 17. " Who seekes the Way." - - 69 
 
 18. « What is the World." By G. Gaske. 79 
 
 19. " What Fond Delight." By J. H. - 80 
 ?,o. '' You Muses Nine." By Lodowicke Loyd 28 
 
 * Ritson says this is also In the edition of I596. 
 
 Such 
 
554 
 
 Such is the irregularity of the first edition that the 
 pages run backwards and forwards, so that the same 
 number sometimes occurs twice over. 
 
 A Table of the Names or Signatures of the Authors 
 in this Collection. With the numher of Poems 
 furnished by each. 
 
 1. My Lucke is Losse ; a signature not decyphered. 
 Five copies. 
 
 2. Yloop, supposed to be Pooley, two copies. 
 
 3. E. S. five copies. 
 
 4. D. S. [Saad] five copies. 
 
 5. R. Edwardes, ten copies. 
 
 5. Lord Vaux, thirteen copies. Ritson says some of 
 them are distinguished as those of Lord Vaux, 
 the elder; but in Steevens's copy I can find no 
 such distinction. 
 
 7. F. K. Francis Kinwelmersh, nine copies, 
 
 8. Jasper Heywood, three copies. 
 
 9. Richard Hill, four copies. 
 
 10. R, D. qu, Robert Dillington? one. 
 
 11. M. T. qu. Thgrn? one. 
 
 12. M. Thorn, one. 
 
 13. M. D. qu. Dyer? one. 
 
 14. F. M. not menticned by Ritson, two, 
 
 15. F. G. Fulke Grcviile, one. 
 
 16. Earl of Oxford, seven. 
 
 17. M B. qu. Eew ? four, 
 
 18. M. Bev. , one. 
 
 19. R. H. qu. Hill or Hall? three. 
 
 20. W. H. William HuKuis, seven. 
 
 21. R.L. 
 
 22. T. M. 
 
565 
 
 22. T. M. qu. Thomas Marshall ? though Ritson says 
 no such name, or initials, 'occur in this edition. 
 Eut if Steevens's copy deserve credit, thev cer-" 
 tainly do occur once. 
 
 33. J. H, qu. Jasper Heywood ? one copy. 
 
 To these are to be added the foUovjing names from the 
 edition of 1600. 
 
 24. M. S. which Ritson supposes may be Sackville, 
 
 but -surely as Sackville had borne the title of Lord 
 Buckhurst for more than thirty years, he would 
 not have been so designated in 1600. 
 
 25. Mr. Candishe. 
 
 26. H. D. not in the edition of 1576, though Ritsoix 
 
 says it is, 
 
 27. A. Bourcher. 
 
 26. G. Gaske, which Mr. Park thinks, with apparent- 
 
 probability, means Gaskoine, 
 
 27. J. H. qu. Jasp. Heywood ? 
 
 s8. Lod. Loyd, who, according to Ritson, has a copy 
 in the edition of 1576, which I cannot find there. 
 
 Fo7- the sake ofjuxta-position, I here add a table of 
 the names or signatures of the authors of England's 
 Helicon f 1600. 
 
 1. Sir P. Sydney, thirteen copies. 
 
 2. E. B. Edmund Bolton, five, 
 
 3. Edm, Spenser, four. 
 
 4. Michael Drayton, five. 
 
 5. Robert Greene, six. 
 
 6. Thomas Lodge, eleven. 
 
 T 7. Nigholas 
 
z66 
 
 7. Nicholas Breton, eight. 
 
 8. Shepherd Tonie; evidently a fictitious signature^ 
 
 seven. 
 
 9. George Peele, three. 
 
 10. J. D. qu. Sir John Davies ? one. 
 
 11. J. M. qu. Jervis Markham? two. 
 
 12. Earl of Surry, two. 
 
 13. Thomas Watson, five. 
 
 14. John Wootton, two. 
 
 15. S. E. D. Sir Edward Dyer, six. 
 i^. William Shakspeare, one. 
 
 17. Ignoto — under which signature, some are sup-^ 
 
 posed to be Sir Walter Raleigh's, eleven copies. 
 
 18. * W. H. qu. William Hunnis ? two, 
 
 19. Bartholomew Young, twenty-four. 
 
 20. Richard Barnefield, two. 
 21- * Earl of Oxford, one. 
 
 22. H. C. Henry Constable, four. 
 
 23. T. B. qu. Thomas Bastard ? one, 
 
 24. W. S. William Smith, one. 
 
 25. *M.F. G. Fulke Grevile, one. 
 
 26. J. G. who, Ritson supposes, may be J. Gough— 
 
 why not J. Grange ? 
 
 27. M. H. Nowell, called N. Howell, in the second. 
 
 edition, i6i4.t 
 
 28. Christopher Marlow. 
 
 N.B. Those who were contributors to the 
 Paradise of Dainty Devises have an asterisk 
 against their names. 
 
 ■f Ofwhicheriiiion I propose, by the favour of » most learned and amiablf 
 fiicnd, to give a future account. 
 
 Art. 
 
5^7 
 
 Art. IX. A handefull of pleasant delites, contalnmg 
 sundrie new sonets, and delectable histories in divers 
 kmdes ofmeetcr: newly devised to the newest tunes^ 
 &c. by Clement Robinson and others. 1584. itmo. 
 
 Art. X. The Phcenix Nest. Built vp with the 
 most rare and refined workes of Noblemen, woorthy 
 Knightes, gallant Gentlemen^ Masters of Arts, 
 and brave schollers. Never before this time pub- 
 lished. Set foorth by R, S. of the Inner Temple^ 
 Gent. * 1593, 4^0. 
 
 Of these two very rare collections, I hope, by the 
 liberal aid of some accomplished friends, to give a satis- 
 factory account hereafter. 
 
 I place their tides here for the information of those, 
 who are not yet deeply skilled in this department of 
 literature, which is become so difficult from the rare 
 occurrence and high price of its materials. I have 
 only once had a momentary glance at the contents of 
 these very cutious miscellanies. 
 
 ■"" " • : m.. • • • ■ ■" '■ ■ ' I. I . 1 
 
 Art. XI, The Citie's great concern in this case or 
 question of Honour and Arms, Whether Appren- 
 ticeship exiinguishetli Gentry P Discoursed; with a 
 clear refutation of the pernicious error that it 
 doth. 
 
 Lam. Jerem. Cap. 3. Bonum est viro, cum impor- 
 taveritjugum ab adolescentia sua. 
 
 London. Printed by Williayn Godbid, dwelling in 
 Little Britain. 1674. Duod. pp. 97. 
 
 * Herbert, II. i»2o. Wart. H. E. P. III. p.401. 
 
 T 2 This 
 
26S 
 
 This I presume Is tlie book of John Philipot the 
 Kerakl, which A. Wood says was written to " prove 
 that gentry cloth not abate with apprenticeship, but 
 only sleepeth, during the time of their indentures, and 
 awaketh again when they are expired," and which book 
 Wood had not seen. See Ath. Ox. II. F. 37. 
 
 It is dedicated " Ilonoratissimo Senatui populoque 
 Augustse urbis Londinensis." 
 
 This is followed by '^ the Bookseller's Report," 
 which is succeeded by '^ A preface in defence of trade 
 and commerce," and an address " To the Reader." 
 
 John Philipot died 25 Nov, 1645. Most of his 
 SiVorks were published by his son Thomas ; among 
 which was the " Villare Cantianum" 1659, ^"^ 1664, 
 fol. one of our earliest county histories. See Wood's 
 Ath. F. L 285. II. 36. 
 
 Thomas Gore in his '^ Catalogus eorum qui de Re 
 Heraldrica scripserunt," a curious and useful book, 
 mentions a work of this John Philipot, not recorded 
 by Wood, and which T have never seen, entitled 
 
 *' A perfect Collection,^ or Catalogue of all Knights 
 Bachelaurs made by King James since his coming to 
 the Crown of England, faithfully extracted out of the 
 Records. Printed at London 1660, 8vo." 
 
 There are many MS. catalogues of these Knights, 
 tvho were very numerous, in the British Museum. 
 
 Thomas Philipot, ihe son, was author of a volume 
 of " Poems, London, 1646, Svo." which now rarely 
 occurs, but was among Dr. Farmer's collection. No. 
 6591- 
 
 Art, 
 
z6g 
 
 Art. XTI. The Life of the renowned Sir Philip 
 Sidney, wiLk the true interest of England, as it then 
 stood in relation to all for rain princes: and par- 
 ticularly for suppressing the power of Spain stated 
 ly him. His principall actions, counsels, designes, 
 and death. Together luith a short account of the 
 maxims ajid policies used ly Queen Elizabeth in 
 her government. 
 Written ly Sir Fulke Grevil, Knight, Lord Brook, 
 a servant to Queen Elizabeth, and his companion 
 and friend. London, Printed for Henry Seilcy 
 over against St. Dunstan's Church in Fleetstreef, 
 1652. 8t'o. pp. 247. 
 
 This book is dedicated '^ most humbly to the Right 
 Honourable the Countesse of Sunderland," by P. B. 
 I give this title, as it is more full than in A. Wood, 
 Ath. I. 522. where the reader may find a full account 
 of Sir Fulke Greville, who was born 1554, made a 
 Peer, 18 James I. and murdered by his servant Hay- 
 wood, 30 Sept. 1628, at the age of 74. 
 
 Art. XIII. Observations upon the Provinces Lnited. 
 Jnd on the State of France. Written by Sir Thomas 
 Overbury. London. Printed by T. Maxey for 
 Richard Marriot-, and are to he sold at his shop in 
 St. Dunstan's churchy ardj Fleets treet, 1651. Duod. 
 pp. 80. 
 
 Annexed to this volume is " the lively portraiture 
 of Sir Thomas Overbury" by S. Pass. Under which 
 are the following lines : 
 
 T 3 A man's 
 
570 
 
 A man's best fortune, or his worst's a wife | 
 Yet I, that knew nor marriage peace nor strife. 
 Live by a good, by a bad one lost my life. 
 
 A Vv'ife like her I writ, man scarse can wed ; 
 Of a false friend like mine man scarce hath read. 
 
 These allusions are obvious to every one acquainted 
 with the story of Sir Thomas Overbury. His good 
 *' Wife," a poem, has gone through numerous editions. 
 His false friend, Somerset, and his false friend's bad 
 wife, no one can think of, without shuddering ! 
 
 Overbury was born 1581, and died 13 Sept. 1613. 
 
 It is very doubtful, whether he was the real author 
 of the above book. 
 
 Art. XIV. '' Chronicon Rusiicum-Commercinle', 
 or, Memoirs of IVool, ts'c. leing a collection of his- 
 tory and argument, concerning the Woollen manu- 
 fact7cre and IVoollen trade in general ; particularly 
 the rise, progress, improvements, declensions, revo- 
 lutions, and the respective causes thereof ftvith a 
 view of the different prices of ivool, at certain dis- 
 tant periods) in England; as given ly a siiccession 
 of ivr iters, from- ancient down to the present times, 
 Mso an account of the several laws, from time to 
 time made, and of many schemes offered, for pre'-, 
 venting the exportation of raw wool', likewise of 
 other expedients for preserving and promoting the 
 interest of the kingdom in that commodity manu- 
 factured : 
 
factured: iviih occasional notes, dissertations, and 
 reflections upon the whole. By John Smith, L.L.B, 
 In two volumes. London: Printed for T. Oslorne at 
 Gray's Tmiy 1747, 8vo." pp. 996, besides dedicatioit 
 and preface. 
 
 That I may accompany my copious articles of an- 
 cient poetry with some mixture of subjects, which in 
 the judgment of a large portion of mankind, are 
 deemed more solid, I have here undertaken to intro- 
 duce to the notice or recollection of my readers the 
 " Memoirs of Wool," an invaluable and erudite work, 
 which now, I believe, is becoming scarce. The 
 best account of the author's plan, materials, and views, 
 is given in his own preface, which, though long, I here 
 therefore transcribe, 
 
 ^' The Preface. 
 
 '*Thc public Is here presented with a work, of 
 which the design is wholly new, upon the same sub- 
 ject. 
 
 <^ The title-page says briefly what It is; and the 
 table of contents elves further lie;ht into it. Yet cus- 
 torn demands a preface ; and there may be reason also 
 for adding somewhat under that form, to tempt, if pos- 
 sible, the shy reader to bestow a few weeks of his time 
 in a way, to which it has been known that a very few 
 hours* have been denied, 
 
 ** Nor is this a singular instance of neglect; it has 
 
 * M Upon a particular occasion, a certain person more than ordinarily 
 concerned, and not uncommonly employed, gave it as a reason for not reading 
 a Tract upoo this subject, *< that it would have cost him two or three 
 Jioxirs." 
 
 T 4 beea 
 
Z IZ 
 been said, (and from what the author himself hath 
 seen and heard, * he partly believes it) that it is be- 
 come almost a standing rule with many gentlemen, as 
 often as this subject is started for their deliberation, to 
 take up their hats and move off. 
 
 *' And it is not indeed a party-subject, making any 
 tbing particularly against, or even for a minister. It 
 is not a subject of literature or entertainment. It is by- 
 no means palatable to the men of taste 3 nor yet greatly 
 relished by those of business. 
 
 *' Nevertheless it is important; and generally inte- 
 resting, and universally acknowledged to be so. And, 
 though it were not altogether of so much importance, 
 as it really is; yet, as every subject that is of any con- 
 sideration, does claim from some or other, (and espe- 
 cially of those who are concerned with it) at least so 
 much attention as is necessary to a right understanding 
 of it; and for that end does require to be investigated 
 properly : so, by what means it comes to pass, that 
 this, which is confessedly of a very great and extensive 
 concern, and which has been accordingly often brought 
 upon the tapis, should be so little the object of close 
 consultation and due enquiry, is somewhat mysterious ; 
 and I think not to be accounted for but in the fol- 
 lowing manner, 
 
 *' The good people of England either think, i. That 
 things, in this respect, are as well as they can be, or 
 need to be. Or, 2. Leaning severally to their own 
 opinions, (however various and taken up by chance 
 
 * A gentleman going into ■ met several coming out \ and asking 
 
 one of them, what was doing within ? he answered " something about wool \" 
 to whom tlie gentleman gravely replied, " and do you run away fVom 
 
 rather 
 
^73 
 
 Tatber than choice; more upon trust than examination) 
 they beheve they have an intuitive knowledge of it; 
 and that it requires no search or pains to be fully in- 
 formed concerning the same Or, c;. That it is a mat- 
 ter beyond the reach. of the most diligent and inquisi- 
 tive, who are not bred to trade and manufacture. Or, 
 4. That it is so much the proper business, and peculiar 
 province of those who are, that no other persons need 
 themselves the least care or thought about it. That 
 the landed interest particularly, in regard thereof, is so 
 far embarked upon the same bottom with the trading, 
 that the steerage may be safely left to the latter 
 alone. 
 
 " And though the most general opinions are to be 
 found under the one or the other of these heads ; and 
 though these are some of them very contrary to each 
 other, yet are they all wide of the truth; for, i. This 
 business is neither in a state of perfection ; nor yet in- 
 capable of amendment. 2. A right understandino- 
 thereof does not lie so near the surface, as to present 
 itself, at the first glance, to every eye. 3. Nor is it a 
 matter inscrutable, but, like other knowledge, may be 
 attained with due application and attention, as well by 
 persons not bred to trade and manufacture, as by those 
 that are. As to the fourth opinion (which is the most 
 plausible, and therefore the most general), '' That it is 
 their peculiar province, and may be safely trusted with 
 those whose immediate profession is trade and manu- 
 facture;" it is thought best (because least exception- 
 able, and carrying most conviction along with it) to 
 reply in the words of some persons no less eminent 
 as traders themselves than as writers,upon trade; and 
 lirst of Sir JOSIAH CHILD. 
 
 *^ Merchaiits 
 
2/4 
 
 ^f Merchants (says he) while they are in the busy 
 and eager prosecution of their particular trades, akhough 
 they be very wise and good men, are not always the 
 best judges of trade, as it relates to the power and profit 
 of a kingdom. The reason may be, because their eyes 
 are so continually fixed upon what makes for their pe- 
 culiar gain or loss, that they have no - leisure to ex- 
 patiate or turn their thoughts to what is most advan- 
 tageous to the kingdom in general. Of this I could 
 give pregnant instances in the age we live in, and for- 
 mer councils of trade, since the Restoration. 
 
 ** The like may be said of all shopkeepers, artificers, - 
 clothiers, and other manufacturers, until they have left 
 off their trades, and being rich by the purchase of 
 lands, become of the same common interest with mo&t 
 of their countrymen." 
 
 e. JOHN GARY, Esq. Merchant of Bristol. 
 
 ** The representations made by private merchants 
 (who generally difier as their interests clash with each 
 other) tend rather to distract than to inform the govern" 
 inent." 
 
 3. Mr. JOSHUA GEE, Merchant. 
 
 ** 'Tls true indeed that a considerable number of mer- 
 chants is always chosen into the house; but then it 
 has been observed, that by the mutual opposition of 
 those, who are engaged in different interests, they rather 
 puzzle than give light to the argimient in debate. 
 And I must confess I have nsually found gentlemen 
 more ready to entertain right notions of commerce, as 
 it respects the advantage or disadvantage of the public, 
 than most men in trade, few of whom, though other- 
 
 ■wist 
 
^75 
 
 wise well skilled In their own way, give themselves the 
 trouble to look further than what concerns their owa 
 particular interest." 
 
 4. THE BRITISH MERCHANT says, 
 '^ The Merchant may have a distinct interest from 
 that of his country. He may thrive by a trade, that 
 shall prove her ruin." 
 
 5. To these may be added, what Dr. DAVENANT 
 has said, although no merchant, but a person of inge- 
 nuity, experience, and observation. 
 
 *' There is hardly a society of merchants that would 
 pot have it thought, the whole prosperity of the king- 
 dom depends on their single traffic : so that at any 
 time, when they come to be consulted, their answers 
 are dark and partial ; and when they deliberate them- 
 selves, it is generally with a bias, and a secret eye to 
 their own advantage." 
 
 *^ Hence it follows that this subject is more properly 
 the gentleman's care and study, not only because their 
 stake is considerable in their country, and they have 
 leisure for speculation; but because they are of all 
 others, tlie most nearly interested in this particular. 
 The WOOL of the kingdom is in eifect their property, 
 making a large part of the landed estates. And most 
 gentlemen, how indifferent soever otherwise to politics 
 in a general sense, or however thoughtless about what 
 of a public nature seems to them of a more remote and 
 doubtful consideration, have yet an eye to that, which 
 so certainly and immedisftely aifects them, as do their 
 rents. Fieing willing to have the use an(- enjoyment 
 of their own estates to themselves, they are desirous 
 so far as may be to have also the tuition of them in 
 6 theip 
 
376 
 
 their own proper persons. And where that, by the 
 law, is vested in others, for them, they hope from 
 such tuistees an equal regard to their property and in- 
 terest as if it was their own concern alone. This is 
 expected on the one hand, and is understood to be 
 promised on the other. And to these ends, i.e. in 
 order to form a right judgment, and to pursue just 
 measures in this case, both the gentleman in a private 
 station, and he that has undertook a public one, may 
 be at least as well qualified as any other persons in 
 the kingdom, provided they will bend their minds 
 thereto, by acquiring a due knowledge of certain facts; 
 that being what they chiefly want, to acquit themselves 
 perfectly about it. 
 
 *' The gentlemen of Great Britain are masters of ar-. 
 gument; and the maxims of trade and policy are at 
 this time, almost generally, pretty well understood by 
 them. But with regard to facts, it must be said there 
 is almost a general ignorance on this subject; there 
 betno- scarce a single point of consequence, historically 
 true, as now, or for some years past, commonly urged 
 about it, either in conver.vition or in writing. 
 
 **This vvill appear suftieiently in the following coU 
 lection . 
 
 ■ " If the work shall seem tedious, it must be confessed 
 that a more succinct account might have been given 
 of several matters therein contained. But then it 
 would have wanted authority sufficient for removing 
 those prejudices, which, through along course of false 
 history, in one regard or another, has taken deep root 
 in the minds of the people. And as it would have 
 been unreasonable to have expected that implicit credit, 
 without evidence, which this work denies to many 
 
 others^ 
 
others, on the like score: so it was judged better to !>« 
 proHx, than to omit any thing in the least material ; 
 and still better, than to leave any fact of moment 
 doubtftd. 
 
 "From the nature of which, many of them, it was 
 necessary to be the more large and circumstantial ia 
 several quotations and transcripts, in regard they are 
 not simple but complicated facts, viz. 1. Opinions and 
 arguments; or if it be allowable to use the word on this 
 occasion, doctrines or theories. 2. Policies, or mea- 
 sures taken in consequence thereof. 3. The result or 
 consequence of those measures. And these, beina^ 
 contained partly in small tracts, long since out of print; 
 the purport of them did not admit of being so briefly 
 summed up, with reference made to the tracts them- 
 selves, as if they had been more accessible authors; 
 but in order to a competent portrait, they required to 
 be exhibited in their original dress ; and though not at 
 full length, yet in some due proportion. 
 
 " It was further necessary for the ascertaining and 
 pointing out to observation, several of these facts, to 
 make large additions occasionally by way oFnote, &c, 
 which has contributed to swell this work to what it is, 
 the quantity of four volumes, although in the compass 
 
 of two. 
 
 " The materials which compose the text of these 
 Memoirs, are books of Records and Antiquity, 
 (English, Scotch, and Irish) Rymer's Foedera, State 
 Papers, Debates, and Votes in Parliament; History, 
 ancient and modern; Dictionaries, Atlasses: all the 
 best books of Trade, general and particular. Foreign as 
 well as English. Among the Foreign are, v. g. The 
 History of the Commerce and Navigation of the An- 
 cients ; 
 
5;8 
 
 cients, by M. Huet, Bishop of Auranches t His Me- 
 moirs of the Dutch Trade: De Witt's Maxims of 
 Holland : Mr. Savary's Dictionaire Universel du 
 Commerce : The Traite Le Negoce d' Amsterdam, 
 by Sieiir Jean Piere Ricards : The Trade of Marseilles, 
 by Gasper Carveuil. And, if not all the lesser tracts 
 of English authors, which have been occasionally wrote 
 with an eye to the English Woollen trade, yet many, 
 and those the best that have been wrote upon every 
 extraordinary incident relating thereto, have been con- 
 sulted, and more or less transcribed into this work, 
 
 " It contains then, for instance^ all the strong plead- 
 ings or appeals to the public, which have been made 
 at different times on one side of the question or on 
 the other: i. In regard to a free and open trade, or 
 to trade limited to companies. 2. To the prohibiting 
 or permitting of Irish cattle. 3. To the expediency of 
 an absolute prohibition, or instead thereof, a duty on 
 wool exported, (a question agitated in the reign of 
 Charles II.) 4. In regard to the East India silks and 
 calicoes. 5. To Irish manufacture, woollen and linen. 
 6. To the IVench trade. 7. To the use and wear of 
 calicoes painted and printed in England j with all the 
 laws relative to each of these particularly, and to the 
 Woollen trade in general ; and a nvmiber of schemes 
 for preveiiting the exportation of Wool from Great 
 Britain and Ireland. To which are added many cus- 
 tom-house accounts of Imports and Exports : also ac- 
 counts of the price of Wool, at different times and in 
 different places, in England and elsewhere. The whole 
 disposed into a regular history, as the subject would 
 bear. 
 
 *' Among the English writers made use of in this 
 
 work. 
 
■work, may be mentioned more particularly, as a prin- 
 cipal one, THE BRITISH MERCHANT; of which 
 it is said by the editor, Mr. King, that it " contains 
 many valuable papers, and so much knowledge in trade, 
 as would never have appeared in the world, had it not 
 been upon a particular occasion (a pernicious treaty 
 of commerce with France) extorted from some worthy 
 persons, eminent merchants of London, the authors," 
 
 '* Yet is *' The British Merchant" but three volumes, 
 of more than two hundred, larger and lesser, which 
 have been collated towards the forming these Memoirs 
 of Wool, &c. ; and the greater part of which ''The 
 British Merchant" does not appear to have been at all 
 acquainted with. 
 
 *' The British Merchant" is. It is true, incomparably 
 the best of all our English writers in this way; 
 contradicting most materially the bulk of those bis 
 countrymen who had gone before him upon that sub- 
 ject. But for that reason and because, as may be con- 
 ceived, the title of the work does not point directly to 
 the business of Wool ; therefore all succeeding v/riters 
 on that head have had as little regard to the facts and 
 sentiments therein contained, as if no such work had 
 ever been published for the better information of this 
 kingdom. 
 
 " In short, a spirit of romance on the one hand, and 
 of credulity on the other, had for a long time before 
 possessed both the English writers and readers on the 
 Woollen trade. And, as a bone which has been too 
 long out of its place is not to be reduced but with an 
 uncommon difficulty and pain, after repeated efforts; 
 so the single attempt of " The British Merchant," 
 for want of being properly followed up, has had in this 
 
 particular, 
 
58o 
 
 particular, it may be said, no effect at all. For ther^ 
 is not so mucli as one writer, that the author of these 
 Memoirs hath met with, since him, who, instead of 
 correcting inveterate errors by a work of such good au- 
 thority, and by other helps that were to be had, and as 
 might have been expected in an age of more light and 
 greater accuracy in all other matters, has not igno - 
 rantly and obstinately persisted in the old beaten path 
 of their other predecessors; or rather exceeded them, 
 by wandering still further from sobriety, sense, and 
 truth. Insomuch, that a series of tracts (from one 
 particularly, entitled, ^' The Golden Fleece" &c. anno 
 1736-7, to another, or rather the same in substance, 
 under the title of " The Danger of Great Britain and 
 Ireland becoming Provinces to France," &;c, by the 
 same author, anno 1746) are penned with so much exr 
 travagance and ignorance; containing such a heap of 
 falsehood and chimeras, as are even a disgrace to the 
 English name, justly renowned for masterly produc- 
 tions in every other part of useful knowledge. 
 
 " Not only pamphlets such as have been mentioned, 
 but, which is far worse, some books of price, that 
 would be thought to convey the most solid intelligence, 
 and which are very good authorities in the main, as to 
 most other matters, have erred egregiously in this. 
 Amongst these are particularly the " Atlas Maritimus 
 Commercialis,"and "Chambers's Dictionary." Upon 
 the latter lies the greater stress; because that work has 
 deservedly obtained a place in most libraries ; and be- 
 sides, to many private persons, is itself in the place 
 of a library; and however useful in other regards, yet 
 in respect of this subject, it has only a tendency to 
 soothe the nation, in a folly to which it has been long 
 
 habituated. 
 
2Bl 
 
 habituated, and to buoy up the people in notions, 
 false, and therefore unprofitable, which they have al- 
 ready too strongly imbibed. 
 
 In general, '^ as the care of our national commerce 
 redounds more to the riches and prosperity of the pub- 
 lic than any other act of government, (on which ac- 
 count) it is a pity that we do not see the state of it 
 marked out in every particular reign, with greater dis- 
 tinction and accuracy than is usual among our his- 
 torians," * so, that defect in regard to this greatest 
 branch of English commerce is, in some measure, 
 here supplied ; and perhaps to a degree beyond what 
 could well have been expected, considering how much 
 " those authors who have heretofore applied themselves 
 to preserve the most considerable events have neglected 
 this part of history." f -A-ud considering also that the 
 custom-house books, which are our most faithful regis- 
 ters in this case, are not searchable at pleasure like 
 some other public offices. 
 
 *' Notwithstanding which, some custom-house ac- 
 counts having occurred in one occasional tract or 
 another, and others having at times, and of late 
 especially, been exhibited to Parliament, the author of 
 these Memoirs has been careful to collate all he could 
 so meet with, and though they are but few in com- 
 parison, yet the light these do afford is not incon- 
 siderable. 
 
 " The publication of the '• Blbliotheca Harleiana," 
 with the sale of that library, and of some other very 
 Urge collections of books and pamphlets, hath also 
 furoished helps for this work, which otherwise so far 
 
 * Freeholder, No. 41. f See chap. ill. p. 7 — p. 9. § 6- 
 
 u from 
 
58^ 
 
 from procuring, a person could not have known either 
 where to have sought, or how^ to have asked for. And 
 though some of the scattered materials so gleaned up, 
 if viewed and considered apart from other matters, and 
 from one another, would not have been much to any 
 person's edification ; yet, as several fragments of one 
 and the same body, when collected and rightly disposed, 
 do make something of a significant figure, although 
 not a complete one; so these upon the same sub- 
 ject, 
 
 Juxta se posxta magis inclarescunt j 
 
 being placed, as they are, chiefly according to their re- 
 spective dates, they borrow light from what goes before, 
 and help to render that which follows perspicuous. 
 
 '^ Upon the whole, if any gentlemen shall (and some 
 methinks there should be found that will) think it 
 wortliy of their time and pains, to make themselves 
 masters of this subject : in that case, they have here 
 the matter fully before them ; at least they have a 
 much larger fund of materials here to exercise their 
 judgments upon, than in reference to the same things, 
 is to be met with in any other single work whatso- 
 ever. 
 
 " It is upon the truth of these several premises, that 
 the author grounds the use of the following.collection; 
 wherein, as he is not conscious of any partial conceal- 
 ment or secretion, so he is confident that he has not, 
 in any regard, acted otherwise than as a faithful 
 editor. 
 
 " And therefore, however persons may see cause to 
 dissent from his conclusions or comments ; the facts 
 upon which he has built, will not, he thinks, be dis- 
 puted. 
 
sS3 
 
 plite(i. And though the generality of his counttymen 
 should not immediately fall into his way of thinking 
 altogether ; yet he flatters himself that the careful 
 reader will soon entertain other sentiments on this 
 head, than what he had before; and that in the end 
 he will not so much differ from him, as from what, at 
 his first setting out upon these Memoirs, was his own 
 opinion. 
 
 *^ He concludes his preface with this hope at least; 
 that they who shall take these volumes in hand will be 
 pleased to read the same throughout, before they pass 
 a final judgment upon any part thereof ; and that no 
 prejudice will be entertained to the work, on the score 
 of its|being (as it is) so much out of the way of his 
 proper business, the immediate duties of his profession, 
 as a clergyman. Of this indeed he has the less reason 
 to be apprehensive, as some of the greatest personages 
 of the Church have, in all times, thought it no dimi- 
 nution of their character to approve themselves friends to 
 the State, by employing their pens, though not on the 
 same, yet on subjects of a like secular nature; and as 
 some of those who now adorn the highest stations in 
 it have done him the honour to appear in the small list 
 of his subscribers. Nor can he fear that men of true 
 learning will be wanting in the same equity and can- 
 dour; since such never fail of shewing all reasonable 
 countenance and favour to whatever has a teridency 
 to the knowledge of things, that are of themselves 
 useful, though of humble fame. But whatever judg- 
 ment may be passed on the author or his book, nothing 
 can rob him of the pleasing consciousness of sincerely 
 intending the good of his country to the utmost of his 
 power. Satisfied as he is with himself in that par- 
 
 y 2i ticular; 
 
584 
 
 ticular; having secured this pohit, the peace of his own 
 ir.ind, he is not greatly anxious for what others shall 
 say or think about the matter," 
 
 Arthur Young in his Annals of Agriculture, Vol. VI. 
 1786, in his " Observations on the pending bill for 
 restraining the Growers, &c. of Wool," begins in the 
 following words: 
 
 *' The history of wool, in England, has been ad- 
 mirably written by Smith with so mvTch accuracy that 
 scarcely any measure relative to that commodity can 
 be stated, which has not been fully explained and con- 
 sidered, on the most liberal and enlightened principles: 
 not deduced from vague theories, but from the clear 
 page of ample experience. From the year 1730 to 
 174.0, there issued from the press a multiplicity of 
 pamphlets, calling for restrictions on the growers of 
 wool, in order to prevent a practice, falsely said to be 
 common and notorious, of otvling, that is, exporting 
 it into France. Committees of the House of Com- 
 mons sat repeatedly on the subject, and various bills 
 were proposed for increasing felonies by the severest 
 penalties on all concerned in the business. Some of 
 these passed into laws, for the clamour of the woollen 
 manufacturers was great, and they had the dexterity to 
 deceive parliament. The foundation of their com- 
 plaints was, as they pretended, the great decline of 
 their manufacture, their export decreasing every day, 
 and the heaviest misfortunes denounced on the whole 
 kingdom, from that consequent rise in French fabrics, 
 which was supposed to take place from their clandestine 
 import of our wool. It is very surprizing, that no 
 
 member 
 
2Bs 
 
 member of the House of Commons, at that time, had 
 penetration enough to move for an enquiry into the 
 facts alledged. Such was the impudence of ihe clamour, 
 that the House supposed some foundation for it, took 
 the evil for granted, and entered on the consideration 
 of a remedy. But it v^^as a remedy for an evil that had 
 no existence. For what was the amazement of man- 
 kind, when they afterwards found, on an enquiry in- 
 stituted for a very different end, that so far had the 
 export of woollens declined during that period of cotn- 
 plaint, it had flourished beyond all example ; and had 
 actually been greater than at any similar period from 
 the foundation of the monarchy ! The conclusions to 
 be drawn from this were obvious. If wool had really 
 been exported during that period, the export could not 
 possibly have had any bad effects ; for the trade was 
 then at its height; and, if it had not been exported, 
 or at least only to a trifling amount, what was to be 
 thought of propositions for multiplying restrictions, 
 penalties, and felonies, and, in many instances, actually 
 creating ihe crimes which were pretended to be pre- 
 vented ? Nothing but the manufacturing spirit of mo- 
 nopoly could arrive at that combination of knavery and 
 folly manifest in such a procedure." 
 
 [To he continued.} 
 
 Art. XV. Retirement, a Poetical Fraoment. 
 
 In the first Number of this Work I have given some 
 account of Evelyn's Essay on Solitude : the following 
 fragment of a long poem begun in 1803, would have 
 found a place there, had not the article been already 
 too long. 
 
 U3 RETIREMENT, 
 
386 ; 
 
 RETIREMENT. 
 
 The fragment of a poem in Hank verse. 
 
 Ye woods, that underneath your covering wings 
 
 Hide my tir'd frame, all hail! Here Noise, and Toil;, 
 
 Hollow-eyed base Intrigue, and Envy pale. 
 
 Black Malice, and envenom'd Calumny, 
 
 Dare not disturb the silence of your reign : 
 
 Here I can woo lone Quiet, here collect 
 
 My scatter'd thoughts, and to my enfeebled mind 
 
 Call back new vigour j here can re-arrange 
 
 The forms, that now in wild confusion float 
 
 On my tumultuous brain. Be present. Muse! 
 
 And as the mist withdraws, and every thought 
 
 Takes its due shape "before the mental eye. 
 
 Aid me to paint it in the living song ! 
 
 Green fields, and whispering trees, and living 
 ■ streams. 
 And hills and vales, where graze rich herds, and frisk 
 The new-born lambs, before my fancy play. 
 O for the pencil dipt in Nature's hues. 
 Which, guided by sweet Thomson's magic hand, 
 Touch'd with due brilliance all their glowing charms : 
 Or thine, moi-e varied Cowper, in whose strain. 
 Now moral and now gay, now rural scenes 
 Burst with enchantment on the raptur'd sight ! 
 
 Where yonder shepherd's hut, that on the knowl 
 Crown'd by those ancient elms, which overhang 
 Its low thatch'd roof, just peeps, there dwell a race 
 Who see the morning dawn and evening set 
 In all their glories. Thro' the livelong day 
 Heav'ns purest breezes brace their vigorous limbs : 
 Labour makes rest delightful : to coarse fare 
 Keen appetite gives zest 3 and sound their sleep 
 On the hard pallet, while the rocking winds. 
 
 That 
 
58; 
 
 That whistle thro' their crazy tenement. 
 But lull them to a more profound repose. 
 
 For me had Providence that humbler lot 
 Decreed, methinks my days had happier been. 
 Than now to sickly Indolence a prey. 
 Wasting with cares, and torn with worldly wrongs.' 
 Then Health had nerv'd my feeble form, and bloom'd 
 My pallid cheek j and in this languid eye 
 Sweet Cheerfulness her dancing rays inspir'd. 
 Gay had I bounded o'er the distant hills, 
 Breasted the piercing blast, or with the wind 
 In equal race contended unfatigued ! 
 
 then how grateful had the close of eve 
 Return'd me to my little shed, the hearth 
 Bright-blazing, and the lowly couch of straw ! 
 But now, alas, to vain anxiety 
 
 1 wake, and as the minutes drag along 
 Curse the long day, yet no relief at night 
 Find; for, tho' weary, feverish heatfs deny 
 Best to my aching frame j and Sleep aloof 
 
 Hovers, as if in mockery of my prayers. * 
 
 Ambition treads not in these peaceful haunts. 
 But Innocence is leagued with truest Joy. 
 And what can life afford compared with these ? 
 Can rank and riches, splendid palaces. 
 The gaudy equipage, the liveried slave. 
 Appease the anxious cares, the guilty pangs. 
 That lurk within the heart ; or lull to rest 
 Corporeal sickness? — Short, alas, the reign 
 Of worldly greatness ! Death comes unprepar'd, 
 Perchance e'en while you stretch the arm to grasp 
 The bauble, for which years of toil, and crime. 
 And suffering, have been wasted ; when your heir 
 By a short course of folly undermines 
 The tottering column of your hard-earn'd fame, 
 
 u 4 Alid 
 
588 
 
 And sinks it in the dust from whence it rose! 
 
 Happy is he, who 'cross yon sloping field 
 Directs the labouring ploughshare, and inhales 
 The fragrance of the frcsh-turn'd ?oil, till noon 
 Relieves his weary team, and brings him back 
 To th' antique hall, which in our grandslre's days 
 Ovvn'd loftier habitants, and has beheld 
 Many a bold race of feudal lords expire 
 'Neath its fantastic roof; for there the board 
 Spread by the frugal dame affords a feast 
 More exquisite to him, whom healthy toil 
 Invigorates, than regal banquets seem 
 To the poor sickly minion of a court. 
 
 never may I in the tainted air 
 
 Of crowded cities, where the din of trade 
 And the loud clamours of corrupted mobs 
 Assail my senses, be again immur'd ! 
 
 1 seek these shades to hide my tortur'd head 
 From an unjust, oppressive, hated world. 
 
 The gloom of dark umbrageous boughs j the fresh 
 
 And perfum'd odour that the loaded breeze 
 
 Bears from the quivering leaves j the pathway coolj 
 
 That takes with soft embrace my aching feet. 
 
 Soothe my worn spirit, calm my trentbling steps. 
 
 And to existence rays of hope recall. 
 
 1 hear no shout of mobs j I hear no roll 
 
 Of rattling cars, bedaub'd with new-got wealth, 
 
 And deck'd with purchas'd blood-stain'd coronets, 
 
 Thund'ring along the streets, and threat'ning loud 
 
 To crush such poor and humble worms as I. 
 
 I hear no more the coarse obstreperous din 
 
 Cf puff'd up lawyers, venal, stupid, fierce. 
 
 Blind to all merits but their own, arid arm'd 
 
 "With all a pleader's subtle tricks to close 
 
 The door, which thence has open'd to themselves. 
 
 I hear 
 
2Sg 
 
 I hear no coxcomb Lord, who, having cllmb'd 
 By the base arts a tool and minion loves. 
 Babbles his finical and frothy stuff. 
 And strives to legislate for all the world. 
 But wand'ring silent on, a gradual calm 
 Spreads o'er my heart, " there yet is peace for me,'* 
 I cry J and quick my buoyant spirit springs. 
 And throws in scorn its load of cares away. 
 
 * * * * * 
 
 * * * * • 
 
 Art. XVL A Tragicall His tone of the troubles 
 and Civile Warres of the Lowe Countries, otherwise 
 called Flanders. Wherein, is settforthe the origi- 
 nail and full proceedyng oj the saied trouldeSy and 
 civile warres, 'with all the stratagemes, sieges, 
 forcehle takynges, and manlike defenses, of divers 
 and sondrie cities, tonnes, and fortresses of the 
 same, together with the harharous crueltie and 
 tyramiie of the Spaniard, and trecherous His- 
 paniolized IVallons, and others of the saied Loive 
 
 ^ Countries. And there wilhall, the estate and cause 
 of Religion, especially from the yere 1559, unto 
 the yere 158 1. Besides many letters, commissions, 
 coniractes of peace, unions, articles and a greinentes, 
 published and proclaimed in the saied Provinces. 
 Translated out of Frenche into Englishe, by T. S. 
 Gent. Imprinted at London by Jlion Kyngstonfor 
 Tobie Smith, dwelling in Paules Churchyarde, at 
 the signe of the Crane, /^to.ff. 211. besides Dedi- 
 cation and Epistle. 
 The dedication of this translation to Robert Dudley, 
 
 Earl of Leicester, is signed " Thomas Stocker, Lon- 
 don, 
 
2go 
 
 don, 15 March, "^S^S-" Stocker appears by many 
 various titles in Herbert's Typography to have been a 
 voluminous translator, principally of divinity; and 
 though omitted in the index, ihis-work is recorded by 
 him in p. 841. It is mentioned also by Tanner, u'ho 
 misdates it 1585, and who says Stoeker was sprung 
 from fSL gentilitial family ; and names another trans- 
 lation of liis, mentioned also by Herbert, entitled 
 *' A right noble and pleasant History of the Successors 
 of Alexander sirnamed the Great, taken out of Diodo- 
 rus Siculus : and some of their lives vi^ritten by the wise 
 Plutarch : translated out of the French into English 
 by Thomas Stocker." Printed by H. Troy for H. Bin- 
 neman. Licensed, 1568, 4to. The original of this is 
 dedicated " To the high, noble, honourable, and wise 
 Lordes, my Lordes of the Estates, the Deputies, Presi- 
 dentes, and Counselles, Burrough maisters, Scoutes or 
 Marshalles, Maiors, Bailiefes, and to al other officers 
 and ministers of the Provinces whatsoever, united to 
 the Lowe Countreis : your most humble and obedient 
 vassal and subject Theophile, vvissheth grace, peace, 
 and love from God through Jesus Christ his only be- 
 loved Sonne our Lord." Signed " Theophile. D. L." 
 
 The work is divided into four books. 
 
 I. ^' The first booke : conteyning the very originall 
 and chiefe beginning of all those troubles, and cruell 
 warres, which sithens have ensued." 
 
 IL " The seconde booke : in the beginning whereof 
 shall be described and set forth, the Inquisition of 
 Spaine, and the execution thereof: and next after, 
 howe the banished Princes, Noblemen, Gentlemen, 
 and others, assailed the Low Countries, both with 
 horsemen and foolemen good store^ for the recoverie 
 
 of 
 
5^1 
 
 of their enheritances, and goods, from which they were 
 driven away by the tyrannic of the Duke of Alva." 
 
 III. " The thirde booke : wherein shal be set downe 
 the second invasion of the Nobihtie, Gentlemen, and 
 other fugitives, and banished men into the same." 
 
 IV. ^^The fourth booke : wherein shal bee set foorth 
 the utter Revoke of all the Lowe Countries, and the 
 union of the estates, with Holland and Zealand^ and 
 many other thynges thereon ensuyLng." 
 
 The paging of this fourth book commences anew. * 
 
 Art. XVII. The Faire j^thiopia}i. Dedicated to the 
 King and Queen, by their Majesties most humble 
 subject and servant WilliamJjisle. London, prints 
 ed by John Haviland, at the Author^ s charge,, and 
 are to be sold at St. Dunstan's churchyard in Fleet- 
 street, and by Si. Maries in both Universities. 1631. 
 4to. 
 The Episde Dedicatory of this volume, to the Lord 
 
 Admiral, is dated 1596. 
 
 Perhaps the two first lines of this long poem will 
 
 satisfy the reader, as they have done the present writerj 
 
 without going farther into it. 
 The following are the happy commencement of this 
 
 work ! 
 
 " About the tongues when divers with me wrangle. 
 And count our English but a mingle mangle." &c. 
 
 * There is " A lamentable and jiitituU Description of the Wofull Warres 
 5n Flaunders, since the foure last yeares of the Emperor Charies the Fifth 
 ills raigne. With a briefe rehearsall of many things done since that season, 
 until this present yeare, and death of Don John. Written by Thomas 
 CRurchyarde, Gentleman. Impiinted by Ralph Newbery, anno 1578." 
 4to« Herbert, II. 906, 
 
 I presume 
 
2CI2 
 
 I presume this author is the same Wilham Lisle, 
 whom Ritson records to have published " The Colonies 
 of Bartas, with ihe commcntarye of S.G.S. Englished 
 by V/m. Lisle," 1597, and of whom A. Wood gives 
 the ensuing account. 
 
 ** Wm. Lisle was educated at Eton school, and ad- 
 mitted to King's College, Cambridge, 1584, where in 
 due time he took the degree of A. M. and became Fel- 
 low, which he vacated by succeeding to his estates at 
 "Witburgham, in Cambridgeshire. He was afterwards a 
 rare Antiquary, was appointed one of the Esquires Ex- 
 traordinary of the King's body, and published " A 
 Saxon Treatise concerning the Old and New Testa- 
 ment, written about the time of King Edgar (700 years 
 ago) by CElfricus Abbas, thought to be the same that 
 was afterwards Archbishop of Canterbury." 8cc. Lon- 
 don. 1623. 4to. Published from an ancient copy in 
 Sir Rob. Cotton's library, with a large and learned 
 epistle to the readers, set before it by the said Lisle. 
 "to th?§ book he added these things following (first 
 found out by Job. Josselin, servant to Matthew, Arch- 
 bishop of Canterbury, which had been printed in 8vo. 
 by Joh. Day in the reign of Q. Elizabeth) : i. "A 
 Testimony of Antiquity shewing the ancient faith in 
 the church of England, touching the sacrament of the 
 "body and blood of our Lord." It is the same with *^ A 
 Sermon of the Paschal Lamb (on Easter Day), and of 
 the sacramental body and blood of Christ," Scc.j before 
 which is a large and learned preface of about sixteen 
 leaves in 8vo. written by the said Josselin, and reprinted 
 by Lisle. 2. " The words of CEilfric Abbot of S. 
 Albans, and also of Malmsbury, taken out of, his 
 Epistles written to Wulfsine, Bishop of Scyrburne," 
 
^93 
 
 &C. 3. "The Lord'sPrayer, the Creed, and Ten Com- 
 rnandraents in the Saxon and English Tongue." He 
 was the same with WilUam Lisle of Wilburgham, 
 Esquire, of the King's body, who collected four books 
 of Du Bartas. i. The Ark. 2. Babylon. 3. The 
 Colonies. 4. The Columns, or Pillars, in French and 
 English, for the instruction and pleasure of such as 
 delight in both languages. Lond. 1637. 4*°* To 
 which is a large commentary put by S. G. B. This 
 William Lisle died in 1637, and was buried, as I pre- 
 sume, at Wilburgham, before mentioned." From 
 Wood's Fasti, L 147. 
 
 Art. XVIIL The Life of Theodore Jgrippa D'Ju- 
 higne, containing a succinct account of the most re- 
 markable occurre?ices during the Civil Wars of 
 France in the reigns of Charles IX, Henry III, 
 Henry IV. and in the minority of Lewis XIIL 
 London. Printed for Edward and Charles Dilly 
 in the Poultry. 1772. Svo. pp.^2'1, besides Intro- 
 duction and Index. 
 
 This was written by Mrs. Sarah Scott, wife of 
 George Lewis Scott, Esq. and sister to the late Mrs. 
 Montagu of Portman Square, and of Matthew Lord 
 Rokeby. 
 
 Mrs. Scott died at Catton, near Norwich, in Nov. 
 1795. The following is an imperfect list of her nume- 
 rous publications; all of which were, I think, anony- 
 mous, and many of them not now to be traced. She 
 was an excellent historian, of great acquirements, ex- 
 traordinary memory, and strong sense j and constantly 
 
 employed 
 
50)4 
 employed hi literary labours ; yet careless of fame, and 
 free from vanity and ostentation. Owing to a disa^ 
 greement of tempers, she soon separated from her 
 husband, who was a man well known in the world, of 
 amiable character, and of intellectual eminence, 
 especially in the severer sciences: but in every other 
 relation of life, she was, with some peculiarities, a 
 woman of exemplary conduct, of sound principles, 
 enlivened by the warmest sense of religion, and of a 
 charity so unbounded, so totally regardless of herself, 
 as to be almost excessive and indiscriminate. Her 
 talents were not as brilliant, nor her genius as pre- 
 dominant, as those of her sister, Mrs. Montagu^ but 
 In some departments of literature she was by no means 
 her inferior. When she left her husband, she united 
 her income with that of her intimate friend. Lady Bab 
 Montague, the sister of Lord Halifax ; and they con- 
 tinued to live together till the death of the latter. 
 From that period Mrs. S. continually changed her 
 habitation ; for restlessness was one of her foibles. 
 Her intercourse with the world was various and exten- 
 sive; and there were few literary people of her day with 
 whom she had not either an acquaintance or a corre- 
 spondence. Yet when she died, not one of her co- 
 temporaries who knew her literary habits came forward 
 to preserve the slightest memorial of her; and she 
 went to her grave as unnoticed as the most obscure of 
 those, who have done nothing worthy of remembrance. 
 Under these circumstances, tl;ie writer of this article 
 trusts to a candid reception of this Imperfect memoir, 
 while he laments that Mrs. Scott herself shut out 
 some of the best. materials, by ordering all her papers 
 and voluminous correspondence, which came into the 
 
 hands- 
 
^9S 
 
 hands of her executrix, to be burnt : an order much to 
 be lamented, because there is reason to beheve, from the 
 fragments which remain in other hands, that her letters 
 abounded with literary anecdotes, and acute observa- 
 tions on character and life. Her style was easy, im- 
 aifected, and perspicuous ; her remarks sound, and 
 her sagacity striking. Though her fancy was not suf- 
 ficiently powerful to give the highest attraction to a 
 novel, she excelled in ethical remarks, and the^ annals 
 of the actual scenes of human nature. In dramatic 
 effect, In high- wrought passion, and splendid imagery, 
 perhaps she was deficient. 
 
 Imperfect List of Mrs. Scott's Works. 
 
 1. The History of Cornelia. A Novel. London, 
 Printed for A. Millar. 1750. duod. 
 
 2. A Journey through every stage of Life. London, 
 for A. Millar. 1754. 2 vols. duod. 
 
 3. Agreeable Ugliness ; or, the Triumph of the 
 Graces. Exemplified in the real life and fortunes of a 
 young lady of some tUstinction. London, for R. and 
 J. Dodsley. 1754-. duod. 
 
 4. The History of Mecklenburgh. London, for J, 
 Newbery. 1762. 8vo. 
 
 5. A Description of Millenium Hall. The Second 
 Edition corrected. London, for J. Newbery. 1764. 
 duod. 
 
 6. The History of Sir George Ellison, in two vols. 
 London, for A. Millar. 1766. duod. 
 
 7. The Test of Filial Duty, in 2 vols. London, 
 for the Author. Sold by T. Carnan, No. 65, St. 
 Paul's Churchyard. 1772. duod. 
 
 8. Life of Theodore Agrippe D'Aubigne. As above. 
 
 6 hitroduition 
 
2g6 
 
 Introduction to the Life of D^ Auhlgne. 
 
 " There is a secret satisfaction in relating the action* 
 of a man, who has particularly engaged our esteem. 
 We flatter ourselves we shall by this means communi- 
 cate to others part of the pleasure, which the contem- 
 plation of them has afforded ourselves ; and we fancy 
 we are doing an act of justice, in holding forth to pub- 
 lic view a character, which ou.oht not to sink into obli- 
 vion, with the despicable race of beings, who in their 
 passage from the cradle to the grave performed no ac- 
 tion worthy of record ; whether from a regular course 
 of vicious conduct, or from that insipid insignificance, 
 with which the lives of some men are tinctured, in 
 whom though censure can find no grievous offences, 
 candour can discover nothing to commend ; whoequally 
 void of strong passions to seduce them into evil, or of 
 virtues to stimulate them to worthy actions, are 
 through life, likeMahom.et's tomb, suspended between 
 heaven and hell ; who, being mere negatives, are des- 
 titute of either positive virtue or vice ; yet by no means 
 innocent, for they incur great guilt by a neglect of the 
 due exertion of the talents, which w^ere committed to 
 their trust for useful purposes. The justice of a fair 
 representation is more especially due to men, from 
 whom it has lon.i been withheld. Such has been the 
 lot of the Huouenots. Their actions have been related 
 by historians, who were under the influence both of 
 party and religious prejudices ; men blinded by passion, 
 and warped by interest, as incapable of judging with 
 candour, as averse to acknowledging truths, which 
 ijiight give offence to the powerful. Near the times of 
 '^he. dreadful desolation made by those civil w^ars, 
 
 the 
 
297 
 
 the hatred excited by the contention must have in- 
 fluenced the minds of men, and given asperity to their 
 pens; but many of the French historians wrote after 
 the cruel and impoHtic revocation of the edict of 
 Nantz; and little justice could the Huguenots expect, 
 under the reign of their bigoted persecutor. 
 
 " Yet the merit of Theodore Agrippa D'Aubigne was 
 so conspicuous, that there is no doubt, but during the 
 time his grandaughter, Madame de Maintenon, shone 
 in the most exalted sphere, many persons would have 
 been employed in collecting the various incidents of his 
 life, and presenting him in full histrelo the world, had 
 not his attachment to the reformed religion been con- 
 sidered, even by her, as a crime, that overbalanced all 
 his virtues. Integrity, courage, and constancy, would 
 appear to change their nature, and become criminal in 
 the eyes of so bigoted a v.-oman, when exercised in the 
 defence of tenets, which she considered as heretical. 
 She would reflect with horror on those parts of his 
 conduct, which to the unprejudiced eye appear most 
 laudable; and would blush where she had reason to 
 boast. Had not this been the case, the servile pens of 
 mercenary flatterers would not have been employed in 
 eaideavouring to dignify, by a supposed royal descent 
 a man who had so just a title to honour far more in- 
 trinsic from his noble actions, and unblemished virtue. 
 But the spirit and constancy, with which he exposed 
 both his life and fortune in defence of his religion, 
 could not be an agreeable subject of contemplation to 
 a woman, who detested the tenets he professed, and 
 practised Both deceit and force to prevail on all whom 
 she could influence to abjure them; even the descend- 
 ants of that man, who from the regular course of his 
 X action* 
 
29^ 
 
 actions we may reasonably believe would have readily 
 sacrificed his life, could he thereby have purchased for 
 them a steady perseverance in the religion, to which 
 he was so warmly attached. 
 
 '^' I am sensible that when his grandaughter was in 
 the zenith of her power, Agrippa D'Aubigne would have 
 appeared more worthy of attention than at present : 
 but a brave and honest man must always be an inte- 
 resting object ; and the contemplation of great virtues, 
 even of a sort the least suited to the fashion of the 
 times, will ever w^arm the heart. Of such I trust the 
 subject of the following sheets will be found possessed; 
 thouah it is certain, that when an author makes choice 
 of a character, because it is particularly pleasing to him- 
 self, he would be very unreasonable were he to expect, 
 that it would become equally the favorite of his readers. 
 Taste influences our judgments in regard to virtue, as 
 in other things; people differ concerning intellectual as 
 well as corporeal beauty, but they difler only in degrees 
 of approbation; they will give a preference to one par- 
 ticular turn of mind or features, but some charms 
 will be allowed to every object, that can produce any 
 just claim to real beauty, though it be not of the kind 
 most agreeable to the peculiar taste of the spectator or 
 of the reader. 
 
 The urideviating rectitude, the perfect consistency,' 
 the unspotted virtue of Agrippa D'Aubigne's charac- 
 ter render him one of the best examples, that history 
 can exhibit. The camp of Henry IV. and the court of 
 Catharine De Medicis contained many illustrious men. 
 Times of trouble are times of heroism ; but in the 
 shock of interest, the contentions of party rage, and 
 all the heat of irritated ambition, it is very rare to find 
 
 unshaken 
 
599 
 
 Unshaken integrity; in this time it was still more to 
 be admired, as Catherine De Medicis so eminently 
 possessed, and with such general success employed^ 
 the arts of seduction ; to the ambitious she held forth 
 the temptations of power, to the avaricious of wealth, 
 to the luxurious of pleasure. Never had the great enemy 
 of mankind so able a minister, and so faithful a repre- 
 sentative. Every species of dissimulation, every 
 mode of treachery, was adopted by her to allure, to 
 betray, and to ruin : not only on the common frailty 
 of human nature, or on the weakness of peculiar dis- 
 positions, did she found her hopes and schemes to 
 corrupt, but even when zeal for right objects was 
 carried beyond just bounds, or a virtue beyond its due 
 proportion, she watched the opportunity for mischief. 
 But D'Aubigne was under a better guard than human 
 prudence ; and in spight of all the snares she laid for 
 him, or the temptations, the nature of the times, and 
 the solicitations of a prince he loved put in this way, 
 he walked surely and uprightly, by following invariably 
 the undefiled law, which giveth light to the simple. 
 The faithful disciple of this law, he lived with honour, 
 and died in peace; and possesses the best renown, an 
 honest fame, while his adversary, the pupil of Machia- 
 vel, led a life of turbulence and infelicity, and left a 
 memory detested by all good, and despised by all wise 
 men. 
 
 " Some may think the conduct of a man, who was 
 not greatly exalted by birth, nor dignified by titles, 
 nor rendered conspicuous by the splendour of riches, 
 below their notice ; but in his own words I will en- 
 deavour to obviate the objection. In the beginning of 
 
 X, 2 hi« 
 
 ■¥ ■ 
 
300 
 
 his private memoirs he addresses his children, for 
 whose use he wrote them, nearly to this cfTect : 
 
 *' In the works of the ancients, and in the lives of 
 the enjpcrors, and other great men of antiquity, we 
 may be taught both by precept and example, how to 
 repel the attacks of an enemy, and to baffle the machi- 
 nations of rebellious subjects : but you cannot there 
 find any instructions for common life, which to you, 
 my children, is a more necessary branch of knowledge. 
 For in the sphere wherein you are to move, the actions 
 of private men, not of princes, are the proper objects of 
 your imitation. You can seldom have to contend with 
 any but your equals; and in your intercourse with 
 them, you will have more oecr.sion for dexterity and 
 address, than for force. Henry the Great was not 
 pleased to see any of his dependants apply closely to 
 the perusal of the lives of kings and emperors; and 
 having observed Monsieur de Neufry much attached 
 to the study of Tacitus, apprehensive lest a destructive 
 ambition should be excited in a man of his spirit, he 
 advised him to lay aside the book, and confine himself 
 to the histories of persons of his ovi^n rank. 
 
 ^'This advice I address to you; and in compliance 
 with your reasonable request, I here give an historical 
 account of my life, with that paternal freedom and 
 confidence which allows me to lay open every action, 
 which it would have' been a shameful impertinence to 
 have inserted in my Universal History. As I can 
 neither blush from conscious vanity in relating my 
 good actions, nor from shame in confessingmyfaultsto 
 you, my children, I shall recount every minute particu- 
 lar, as if you were still sitting on my knee, and listening 
 6 to 
 
301 
 
 to me with the amiable simplicity of childish attention. 
 My desire is, that what I have done well may inspire 
 you with emulation ; and that you may detest and 
 avoid my faults, for I shall lay them all open before 
 you; as they may prove the most useful part of my 
 narration. To you I leave it to make such reflections 
 upon them as reason and virtue shall suggest. Actions 
 must be judged by their motives, not by their conse- 
 quences. Good or ill fortune are not at our command; 
 they are dispensed by a superior and wiser power." 
 
 " D'Aubigne's address to his children I may apply 
 to my readers. The courage of an Alexander, the popu- 
 larity of a Coesar, the arts of an Augustus, or to ap- 
 proach nearer to the pursuits of a nation of politicians, 
 the subtleties of a Machiavel, offer no subject of imi- 
 tation to the greater part of mankind. Such exalted 
 stations as call for the exertion of talents like theirs 
 are above the reach of most men, and oua-ht to be 
 foreign to their wishes. But tb.e man of steady in- 
 tegrity, of inflexible virtue, of noble frankness, of dis- 
 interested generosity, and of warm and sincere piety, 
 is an object every man may, and every man ought to 
 imitate. Virtue is within the reach of every station j 
 it cannot, in all, wear a dress equally spleijdid, but it 
 is alike respectable, in its plainest garb and in its richest 
 attire, 
 
 '^ While we admire the heroic virtues of many, v. ho 
 lived in France at that period, we have reason to re- 
 turn thanks to Providence, that we are born in times 
 wherein such virtues are not called forth in our coun- 
 trymen by dreadful occasion. A civil w?r is the nur- 
 sery of heroes. That slaughter and desolation, which 
 sink the greatest part of a nation imo despair and 
 . X 3 wretchedness^ 
 
305 
 
 wretchedness, elevate the soul of a brave man almost 
 above mortality. He struggles with that fate, which 
 others droop under, and seeks in the pursuit of glory, 
 for some compensation for the loss of that happiness, 
 of which the ravages of war deprive him, as well as 
 the rc£t of liis countrymen. Animated by a bolder 
 spirit, he attempts to conquer those evils, which softer 
 natures endeavour patiently to endure. 
 
 " The seeds of those civil wars, wherein D'Aubigne 
 was engag'^'d during the greatest part of his life, were 
 so'vn before his birth. The rapid progress of the re- 
 formed-religion in France alarmed those of the esta- 
 blished church, bud excited the civil power to take 
 such measures to suppress it, as rather caused its in- 
 crease; for the effects of persecuiion have ever been 
 directly contrary to the views of those who employed 
 it. Disappointment added rage to the bigotry of per- 
 secutors ; and fear and resentment heated the zeal of 
 the persecuted ; but the enmity between the two par- 
 ties did not break out into open hostilities, during the 
 life of Henry II. who was accidentally killed in a tour- 
 nament by the Ccnmt Dc Montgomery, in July 1559; 
 nor in the short reign of his son and successor, Francis 
 II. but in the minority of Charles IX. who ascended 
 the throne of France on the fifth of December 1560, 
 the kingdom became involved in all the horrors of a 
 civil war." 
 
 Theodore Agrippa D'Aubigne was born 8 Feb. 
 1550, and died 29 April, 1630, set. 81, at Geneva. 
 
 " D'Aubigne left three children. Constant, his son, 
 and two daughters ; the eldest daughter married the 
 
 Seigneur 
 
$03 
 
 Seigneur D'Adets de Caumont, 8cc. ihe other the 
 Seigneur de Villette de Mursey. Happy it was for 
 D'Aubigne that he could not see so far into futurity as' 
 to know that his grandaughter, by his worthless son, 
 would have so great a share in the revocation of the. 
 edict of Nantz, and the subsequent destruction of the 
 reformed churches in France, for the preservation of 
 which he so freely sacrificed his fortune, and would 
 joyfully have laid down his life, could he thereby have 
 purchased their prosperity. The interests of the religion 
 he professed were through life his first object; he 
 wished to extend its influence, and steadily practised 
 the duties it recommended; from w^hich even his pas- 
 sions, strong as they were by nature, could not seduce 
 him. His integrity, his love of civil liberty, and every 
 principle of virtue, were so founded on, or blended 
 with his piety, that neither the sunshine of favour nor 
 the storms of fortune could overcome them Am- 
 bition could not tempt him to violate the natural probity 
 of his mind, nor to forego his sincerity, though he 
 knew that his fortune was at stake; that by courtly 
 compliances he should rise to honours and dignities; 
 without them, had nothing but ne<>;Iect, perhaps hatred, 
 to expect; for princes seldom love the man who re- 
 fuses their favours. The uncommon brightness of his 
 understanding and the liveliness of his wit were such 
 recommendations to him in a court, and especially to 
 a sovereign who had so much himself, and alloweJ die 
 greatest latitude in that way to all around him, as could 
 not have failed of rendering him a general favourite, 
 if his rigid manners and blunt frankness had not dis- 
 gusted, because they reproached those whom his con- 
 versation delighted. Had he not of himself told us the 
 
 X 4 very 
 
3^4 
 
 very early progress he made In letters, it would have 
 been difficult to have reconciled his learning with his 
 military life, which seems to have allowed no leisure 
 for study. At seventeen years old he entered the 
 army; .was a captain fifty years, forty-four of which 
 he was maitre de camp, and thirty-two also mareschal 
 de camp ; continually engaged in the field or in some 
 military operations ; yet his writings are very nume- 
 rous, and lasting mionuments of his genius. Some of 
 them, indeed, though admired at the season they were 
 YiTiiten, being relative only to the occurrences of those 
 times, have now lost much of their merit, as the poig- 
 nancy of the satire, and the play of wit to be found in 
 them, are no longer ft-lt, nor in many parts discerned, 
 from our ignorance of the things designed to be ridi- 
 culed. Of these are Les Confessions de Sancy, and 
 Les Avai^-tures du Baron de Fceneste. The merit of 
 his General History of his own Time did not depend 
 on times and seasons; it will always be esteemed as 
 one of ihe best durii^ig that period, though none ever 
 produced a greater number of historians, the natural 
 consequence of an uncommon series of interesting and 
 shining events. 
 
 " His " Private Memoirs" were written onlv for the 
 use of his children, never published by him, nor till 
 very long after his death. He left but two of them, 
 and desired they might never be published. Herein 
 he was disobeyed; and there seems so little reason for 
 buryinor them in oblivion, that the disobedience is ex- 
 cusable." 
 
 Mrs. 
 
3<^5 
 
 Mrs. Scott obtained a just reputation by this life. 
 It is compiled not only from D'Aubigne's own pri- 
 vate account, bat from the principal historians and 
 memoir-writers of that age : and it is characterized 
 not only by research and knowledge, but by a per- 
 spicuous narrative, by a lucid selection and arrange- 
 ment of materials; by force of sentiment, and vigour 
 of language. 
 
 Art. XIX. HeroologiaAngUca: hoc est, Clarissl- 
 morv.m et doct'issimonim aliquot Angloriim, qui 
 floruenint ah anno Cristi M.D. usque ad presentem 
 annum MD XX, vivcr effigies, vita, et elogia. 
 Duobus Tomis. Juthore H. H. Anglo Britanno^ 
 Impensis Crispini Passai Calecographus, et Jan- 
 sonii Bihliopola Arnhemiensis. Folio. 
 
 This is part of an engraved title-page, ornamented 
 wiih figures, with a small map of England at the top, 
 and a view of London at the bottom. 
 
 The author was Henry iloiland, son of Philemon 
 Holland, a physician and schoolmaster at Coventry, 
 and the well-known translator of Camden, &cc. Henry 
 was born at Coventry, and travelled with John Lord 
 Harrington into the Pcilatinate in '.6! 3, and collected 
 and wrote (besides the Heroologia) " Monumenta Se- 
 pulchralia Ecclesise S. Fauli Lond." 4to. ; and en- 
 graved and published " A book of Kings, being a true 
 and lively eHjgies of all our English Kings from ihe 
 Conquest till this present," Slc. 161 8. He was not 
 educated either m Oxford or Cambridge, having been 
 a member of the Society of Stationers in London. I 
 think it is most probable that he was brother to Abra- 
 ham 
 
Sc6 
 
 ham Holland, who subscribes his name as '^ Abr. Hol- 
 land alunimis S.S. Trin Coll. Canrabr." to some copies 
 of Latin verses on the death of John second Lord 
 Harrington, of Exton, in the Heroologia ; which 
 Abraham was the author of a poem, called " Nauma- 
 chia; or, Holland's Sea-Fight," Loud 1623. 410. and 
 died 18 Feb. 1625, when his ^' Posthuma" were edited 
 by " his brother H. Holland." At this time however 
 there were other writers of the name of Hen. Hol- 
 land. * 
 
 The Heroologia is dedicated to James L After 
 which is "• Piasfatio ad Spectatorem pium, et ad hu- 
 manum Lectorem." This is succeeded by *' Post-Pre- 
 fatio seu commonefaGtio Spectatori pio, Lectori candi- 
 do, Censorique sc|uo." The last I will copy as expla- 
 natory of the work. 
 
 ''' Docti, dilecti, piique : :En vobis deljneatas An- 
 glicanse genlis heroum effigies, quas curavi (quod 
 luaxlme potui) ut ah ipsis illorum vivis imaginibus 
 oleo dt'pictis effingerentur: una cum succincta vi- 
 tarum suarum hisioria, quse collegi et conquassivi ex 
 ipsis VEPJTATio visceribus, in uiundi theatrum pro- 
 duce, non spectandi solum gratia (cum puerorum sit 
 nuda oscilla, scu imagunculas attonite intueri) nedum 
 superslitioso afFectu illlo : Papis*re enim canonizatorum 
 sacrificulorum suorum Icones retineresolent inviolatas; 
 feed etiam idque imprimis, ut illorum piam memoriam 
 illustremque famam in)mortalitali commcndarem, de- 
 functosque quodamodo a mortuis excitarem, et illis 
 quandam vitam infundercm. Nequetamen dicti illius 
 immemorj S^' Augustiui In libiis suis de Civitate 
 
 * Wood's A^i. 1- 499. 
 
 Ve'u 
 
3^7 
 
 Del: " Sepulchrorum memorla niagis est vivorurn 
 consolatio quam definictorum utiiitas." Denique ut 
 ipse haec vivorum simulachra intuitus, et virtutibus 
 jam defunctonim notatibus Deum Opt. Max. gloria 
 afficias, propter tarn eximios et salutares administros 
 excitatos. Theologorum autem et scriptorum vitis ut- 
 cunque a me delineatis catalognm, et quasi Commen- 
 tariolum quoddam singulorum librorum et tractatuum 
 ab lis conscriptoram sive Anglice sive Latiue editorum 
 subjeci et subjunxi. 
 
 Sed fortasse aliquis vestrum excipiet (vos autem c^o 
 gjvsf; populares meos alloquor) superesse, complures 
 alios per excellentes viros natione Anglos qui in hoc 
 album referri possent : Concedo id quidem, sed in 
 veras illorum effigies non potiii incidere : flilsas autem 
 et adulterinas Picturas in omnium conspectum pro- 
 ferre nolui : Hue accedit, quod destinatum et mihi pro- 
 positum numerum, complevi. Neque vereor afHrmare 
 hos ipsos quos exhibui intra ccntenos annos proxime 
 elapsos in Natione nostra longe exceiluisse. Nihilo- 
 minus, si qua in re deliquerim vel minus exquisite quid 
 descrlpserim, quod non adeo repugnanter cognoscam, 
 ad tuam, benevole Lector Spectatorque, facilem et 
 candidam censuram confugio, unde in proposito meo 
 confirmabor, et postea omnium aspectui judicioque 
 exponam, consimiles virorum praestantium atque 
 etiamnuui in nostra Gente superstitum effigies qui- 
 bus sapientiores, doctiores, prudentiores, nulla setas 
 vidit. Et hoc sane opus parturio, jamque in manibus 
 habeo. Itenmi valete." 
 
 Next follows '" Admonitio ad Lectorem," which is 
 succeeded by several copies of commendatory Latin 
 verses. 
 
 The 
 
5o8 
 
 The first division^ or volume (both beuig bound 
 together, and paged as one), contains principally lay- 
 men j the second is entirely dedicated to divines. 
 
 This w^ork is very valuable, as it contains, I believe, 
 the first regular collection of English heads, several of 
 which are done by the family of Pass, and many of 
 subjects which have never been otherwise engraved, 
 except as they were copied from these. A reference to 
 the enumeration of prints in the first volume of Granger's 
 Biographical History will confirm this assertion. It 
 may however be useful to give 
 
 A List of the Portraits i?i this Work. 
 
 Tom. I. 
 
 1. Henry VIII. 
 
 2. Thomas Cromwell, Earl of Essex Ob. 1540. 
 
 3. Sir Thomas More. Ob. ^S35- 
 
 4. Cardinal Wolscy. Ob. 1530. ■ 
 
 5. Cardinal Reginakl Pole. Ob. 1558. 
 
 6. Edward VI. 
 
 7. Edward Seymour, Duke of Somerset; a fine 
 
 head. Ob. 1549.. 
 S. Lady Jane Gray. Ob. 1553. 
 9. Q^ Elizabeth; followed by a print of her tomb. 
 10, Henry Prince of Wales : a fine head. Ob. 1612. 
 ir. The same, a whole length. Tilting; followed by a 
 print of his tomb. 
 
 12. Sir John Check; a fine head. Ob. 1557. 
 
 13. William Herbert, Earl of Pembroke. Ob. 
 
 1569. 
 
 14. Walter Devereuy, Earl of Essex. Ob. 1576. 
 
 15. Sir Nicholas Bacon. Ob. 1578. 
 
 16. Six 
 
S09 
 
 i6. Sir Humphrey Gilbert, Navigator. Ob. 1583. • 
 
 17. Sir Henry Sydney, K G. (of whom a beaufrful 
 
 portrait remains at Penhurst.) * Ob. 1586. 
 
 18. Sir Philip Sydney. Ob. 1586. 
 
 19 Robert Dudley, Earl of Leieester, by W. Pass. 
 Ob. 1588. 
 
 30. Ambrose Dudley, Earl of Warwick. Ob. 1589. 
 
 31. Sir Francis Walsingham. Ob. 1590. 
 
 22. Sir Richard Granville, Navigator. Ob. 1591. 
 
 23. Thomas Candish, Navigator. Ob. 1592. 
 
 24. Christopher Carlile, Navigator. Ob. 1593. 
 
 25. Sir Manin Frobisher, Navigator. Ob. 1594. 
 
 26. Sir John Hawkins, Navigator. O.b. 1596. 
 
 27. Sir Francis Drake, Navigator. Ob. 1596. 
 
 28. William Cecil, Lord Burleigh. Ob. 1598. 
 
 29. Henry Herbert, Earl of Pembroke. Ob. 1600. 
 
 30. Robert Devereux, Earl of Essex. Ob. 1601. 
 
 31. George Clifford, Earl of Cumberland. Ob. 
 
 1605. 
 
 32. Robert Cecil, Earl of Salisbury. Ob. 1613. 
 
 33. Thomas Sutton, Founder of the Charterhouse. 
 
 Ob. 161 1. 
 
 34. John Harrington, Lord Harrington of Exton. 
 
 Ob. 1613. 
 
 35. John second Lord Harrington of Extop. Ob- 
 
 1614. fine. 
 
 The Second Part is dedicated '' Ad utrasque illus- 
 trissimas et florentissimas Anglise Acaderaias, binos 
 
 • Granger makes a strange mistake in calling his mother a Dudley. Hit 
 wife v\as a Dudley, by which his son Sir Philip became nephew to Robert 
 Earl of Leicester. 
 
 illos 
 
illos regni oculo?, sydera clara, blnosque Literarum 
 et Religionis puriorls fontes," which is followed by 
 '* auctoris iRScriptluncula." 
 
 List of the Portraits in Tom. II. 
 
 36. John Collet, Dean of St. Paul's. Ob. 
 
 37. William Tyndal, Martyr. Ob. 1536. 
 
 38. John Bradford, Martyr. Ob. 1555. 
 
 39. Bishop Hugh Latymer, Martyr. Ob. 1555. 
 
 40. Bp Nicolas Ridley, Martyr. Ob. 1555. 
 
 41. John Rogers, Martyr. Ob. 1555. 
 
 42. Laurence Sanders, Martyr. Ob. 1555-^. 
 
 43. Abp. '! homas Cranmer. Ob 1556.. 
 
 44. John Bale, Ep. of Ossor)'. Ob. 1558- 
 
 45. Bp. John Jewell. Ob. 1573. 
 
 46. David Whitehead. Ob. 157 1. 
 
 47. Abp. Matthew Parker. Ob. 1574. 
 
 48. Thomas Becon. Ob. 1570. 
 
 49. John Cay, M. D. Ob. 1573. 
 
 50. Robert x-ibbot, Bp. of Salisbury. Ob. 1618. 
 
 51. James Montagu, Bp. of Winchester. Ob. £6iS. 
 
 52. Edward Dering. Ob. 1576. 
 
 53. Abp. Edmund Grindall. Ob. 1583. 
 54.. John Fox, Martvrologist. Ob. 1587. 
 
 55. Abp. Edwin Sandys. Ob. 1588. 
 
 56. Laurence Hum frey. Ob. 1589. 
 
 57. John More, S. T. P. Ob. 1592. 
 
 58. William Whitaker, S.T. P. Ob. 1595. 
 
 59. Alexander Nowell. Ob. 1601. 
 
 60. WiUiam Perkins, S. T. P. Ob. 1602. 
 
 61. Abp. John Whitgift. Ob. 1603. 
 
 62. John Reynolds, D.D. Ob. 1607. 
 
 63, Richard 
 
311 
 
 6^, Richard V^a-Jghan, Bp. of London. Ob, ifo;. 
 
 64. Gervase Babington, Bp. of Worcester. Ob. 1610. 
 
 65. Thomas Holkmd, S. T. P. Ob. 1612. 
 
 Art. XX. Abel Rediviviis : or, The Dead yet speak- 
 ing. The lives and deaths of the Modern Divines. 
 Written ly severall able and Learned men (whose 
 names ye shall Jinde in the Epistle to the Reader.} 
 And now digested into one volume, for the benefit 
 and satisfoctio?i of all those that desire to be ac- 
 quainted with the paths of piety and virtue. Prov, 
 X. 7. " The memory of the just is blessed, but the 
 name of the IV icked shall mi." London, Printed 
 by Thomas Brudenell for John Sta^'ord, dwelling 
 in Brides Churchyard, near Fleetstrect. 1651. 
 
 This is one of the voKiminous publications of Dr. 
 Thomas Fuller, who signs his name to the " Epistle 
 to the Reader," from his residence at Waltham Abbev. 
 
 The work is adorned with a great many small en- 
 graved heads, which, though mentioned gcnerallv in a 
 note by Granger (Vol. I. p. 204.) are, I think, not 
 particularly specified by him. None, I presume, are 
 originals, but copied from Holland, Boissard, and 
 others. 
 
 '^ As for the makers of the work," says Fuller in 
 the Epistle, " they are many ; some done by Dr. Feat- 
 ly, now at rest with God, viz. The lives of Jewell, 
 Reynolds, Abbot, and diverse others. Some by that 
 reverend and learned divine Master Gataker; viz. The 
 lives of Peter Martyn, Bale, Whitgift, Ridley, Whit- 
 
 aker, 
 
aker, Parker, and others. Dr. WUlet's life by Dr, 
 Smith, his son iti law. Erasmus his life by the Rev. 
 Bishop of Kilmore. The life of Bishop Andrewes, by 
 the judicious and industrious, my worthy friend. Mas- 
 ter Isaacson: and my nieannesse wrote all the lives 
 of Berengarius, Huss, Hierom of Prague, Archbishop 
 Cranmer, Master Fox, Perkins, Junius, &c. Save 
 the most part of the poetry was done by Master 
 Quarles, father and son, sufficiently known for their 
 abilities therein. The rest the Stationer got trans- 
 scribed out of Mr. Holland and other authors." 
 
 I shall only cite the poetical character at the end of 
 the life and death of Dr. Andrew Willet. 
 
 " See here a true ISTathaniel, In whose breast 
 
 A careful conscience kept her lasting feast. 
 
 Whose simple heart could never lodge a guile 
 
 In a soft word, nor malice in a smile. 
 
 He was a faithful labourer, whose pains 
 
 Was pleasure 5 and an other's good, his gains ; 
 
 Tlie height of whose ambition was, to grow 
 
 More ripe in knowledge, to make others know : 
 
 Whose lamp was ever shining, never hidj 
 
 And when his tongue preach'd not, his actions did : 
 
 The world was least his care; he fought for heaven; 
 
 And what he had, beheld not earn'd, but given : 
 
 The dearest wealih he own'd, the world ne'er gavej 
 
 Nor owes her ought but house-rent for a grave." 
 
 Dr. Andrew Willet, Rector of Barley in Hertford- 
 shire, was a celebrated divine, whose theological works, 
 both Latin and English, are numerous. He died 
 4 Dec. 1 62 1, Kt. 59. He was also a poet, the author 
 of" Sacra Em blenmla," and "an Epithalamium" In 
 English. -' As the Latins," says A. Wood, " have, 
 
 had 
 
3^3 
 
 had these emblematists Andr. Alclatus, Reusnerus, 
 and Sambucus, so in England we have had these in 
 the reign of Q. Ehz. Andr Willet, Thoni. Combe, 
 and Geffrey Whitney;"* which words, it seems, were 
 borrowed from Meres. 
 
 A well-written selection of the Lives of our most 
 celebrated Divines, with critical accounts of their 
 works, is a desideratum in our literature, which, if 
 supplied, seems calculated for a most extensive sale, 
 and the most important benefits to society. Such a 
 work, if well digested, and brought within a moderate 
 compass, no clergyman could forego, and to the many 
 of this profession, who cannot purchase a library, it 
 would afford an advantageous substitute. It would 
 encourage their labours, assist their studies, and direct 
 their judgments; while the charms of biography would 
 render it iaterestins; to those who are least inclined to 
 the toil of books. Such a work ought only to be un- 
 dertaken by a clergyman, who joins to an intimacy 
 with the whole learning of his profession, the. skill ol 
 composition, and the powers of a vigorous, refleetinjr, 
 and rich mind. 
 
 Art XXL NEW PUBLICATIONS. 
 
 Thethird volume of the "Progresses of Q. Elizabeth, 
 by John Nichols, F.A.S.Edinb. and Perth, to which 
 are subjoined some of the early progresses of King 
 James," published ti-is month, having but this moment 
 reached the Editor of the Censu ra, he cannot refrain 
 from announcing a work so full of entertainment to 
 antiquarian readers, though he has nor yet hud time 
 
 * Ath. I. 230. Ritsoii's Bibl. Poet. p. 394. 
 
 y ^o 
 
to examine its contents minutely, much less to give an 
 account of them. The two first volumes have been 
 long since sold. 
 
 The Editor also feels no common pleasure in con- 
 gratulating his readers on the appearance of a work of 
 the highest mterest, which, though he has yet had only 
 a few minutes to inspect, he has no doubt will be found 
 amply to supply a great desideratum in our literature : 
 This is " The Plays of Philip Massinger, by W. Gif- 
 ford, Esq. with notes critical and explanatory, in four 
 volumes, 8vo." The precision and sagacity of thought, 
 the force and elegance of stile, which distinguish the 
 author of the Baviad and Maeviad, break out in every 
 line of the Introduction. 
 
 Mr. Johnes has brought forward a third volume of 
 his translation of Froissart. 
 
 Mr. Park has already edited the works of Milton, 
 Thomson, Gray, Collins, Goldsmith, Beattie, and 
 Cunningham, for Sharpe's edition of the Poets. It is 
 much to be desired, that he would add new lives of the 
 authors, inspired as they would be by that union of re- 
 search and taste and feeling, which so preeminently 
 distinguish him. 
 
 Mr. Todd's edition of Spenser has not yet reached 
 the Editor. 
 
 J\ine 24, 1805. 
 
 Art. 
 
S^B 
 
 Art. XXir. A Select Obituary of Literary Per* 
 sons of Great Britain^ 
 
 OMITTED IN THE BIOGRAPHICAL DICTIONARY, FOR 
 SIXTY YEARS FROM 1734. 
 
 1734. 
 
 Hon. Roger North, Biographer, i March, aged 90 
 Reverend John Clarke, Class. Edit. 8 May 
 William Oldisworth, 22 August 
 
 1739. 
 
 Charles Hornby, Esq. Antiq. 19 September 
 
 1740. 
 
 Knightly Danvers, Lawyer, 14 January 
 Archibald Hutchinson, Pol. Arith. 12 August 
 
 1741. 
 Samuel Buckley, Editor of Thuanus, 8 September 
 
 1742. 
 
 Reverend Charles Wheatley, Divine, 13 May 
 Ivlathan Bailey, Author of Dictionary, 27 June 
 John Oldmixon, 9 July 
 
 1744. 
 Giles Jacob, 5 May 
 
 1745. 
 
 Reverend Arthur Bedford, 13 September 
 
 y 2 George 
 
3i6 
 
 1746. 
 
 George Ogle, Esq. Poetical Translator, 20 October 
 
 1747. 
 Reverend John Lewis of Margate, Antiq. 16 January 
 Michael Mattaire, 17 September 
 Thomas Robinson, (Law of Gavelkind) 29 December 
 
 1748. 
 Dr. Samuel Patrick, 20 March 
 
 1749. 
 
 Sir Matthew Decker, Baronet, 18 March 
 
 Reverend James Upton, 1 3 August 
 
 Mark Catesby, F.R.S. aged 70, 24 December 
 
 i752. 
 Henry Coventry, Esq. 29 December 
 
 1753. 
 
 Richard Earl of Burlington, 4 December 
 Robert Shiels, Biographer, 27 December 
 
 1754. 
 
 Samuel Gale, F. A. S. 10 January 
 Sollom Emlyn, Esq. 28 June 
 Duchess of Somerset, 7 July 
 Reverend Samuel Shuckford, 14 July 
 
 1755. 
 
 Zachariah Williams, £et. 83 
 
 Sir WiiUam Yonge, K. B. 10 August 
 
 Charles 
 
1756. 
 
 Charles Viner, Esq. Lawyer, 5 June 
 Richard Roderick, F. A, S. 20 July 
 
 1757. 
 
 James Dawkins, Traveller, December 
 I* 
 
 1760 
 
 Arthur Collins, Genealogist, 16 March 
 
 Reverend Mr. Upton, Prebendary of Rochester, 2 Dec* 
 
 1761. 
 Reverend Mr. Cawthorne, Poet, 15 April 
 Wm. Huggins, Esq. Translator of Ariosto, 2 July 
 
 1763. 
 
 Sir Michael Foster, Judge K.B. 7 November 
 
 1764. 
 
 Hamilton Boyle, Earl of Corke, 17 January 
 Rev. Tho. Newcomb, A. M. Poet, aged 91 
 
 1767. 
 Sir Martin Wright, Judge K. B. 26 September 
 
 1768. 
 llichard Mounteney, Clas. Edit. Bar. Exq. Irel. 9 April 
 
 1769. 
 Sneyd Davies, D.D. 6 Feb. 
 
 Mr. Derrik, 6 May 
 Reverend Zechariah Mudge, 21 April 
 Edmund Hoyle, Author of Whist, aged 97, 29 August 
 Y 3 Honourable 
 
3iB 
 1770. 
 
 Honourable Charles Yorke, 20 January 
 
 1771. 
 George Canning, 1 1 April 
 
 Frederick Lord Baltimore, 8 September y 
 
 Reverend William Langhorne 
 
 1772. 
 
 Samuel Dyer, F. R. S. 13 September 
 Thomas Nugent, LL, D. 27 April 
 
 1773. 
 
 Anthony Askew, M.D: 27 February 
 Rev. Walter Harte 
 Hall Hartson 
 
 1774. 
 
 Reverend Charles Jenner, Poet 
 Glocester Ridley, 3 November 
 
 1775. 
 Reverend Dr. Richardson, 12 March 
 Samuel Boyce, Engraver and Poet, 21 March 
 Reverend Dr. David Durell, 16 October 
 Christopher Nugent, M.D. 12 November 
 
 1777. 
 Reverend William GostUng, A.M. 
 
 1778. 
 Rev, James Hampton, Translator of Polybius, 15 July 
 
 Alexander 
 
B^9 
 
 1779. 
 
 Akxander Dow, Historian 
 
 George Edward Ayscough, 14 Octobef 
 
 1780. 
 
 Foote Gower, M. D. Antiquary, 27 May 
 ^amuel Musgrave, M.D- Gr. Grit. 4 July 
 Captain John Carver, Traveller. 
 
 1781. 
 John Aikin, D. D. 
 Robert Watson, D. D. Historian, 7 April 
 
 1782. 
 Rev .W. Cole, F. A. S. 16 December 
 
 1783. 
 Jeremiah Milles, D.D. i February 
 Reverend John Watson, of Stockport, 14 March 
 Willia m Lawrence, M. D. 6 June, aged 71 . <^^^>,.-v^ 
 Peter Pi nnel, D.D. 16 August ^ ^^i.^ a 2jPi-t 
 
 Mrs. Vigor, k September -^yJ^//? ■ /^ - f '/-^ ^Ij:^ ^^•'^ 
 Edward Wynne, Barrister, 34 December V^ if^ v'-^ <A. 7> > 
 
 1785. ^'7 
 
 Thomas Gibbons, D.D. 22 February 
 Reverend Henry Taylor, May 
 Charles Collignon, M. D. i October 
 
 1786. 
 Joseph Edmondson, Herald, 17 February "* 
 
 J. O. Justamond, Translator, 27 F,ebruary 
 
 Y 4 Captain 
 
320 
 
 Captain Edward Thompson, 1 7 January 
 Thomas Beckvvith, F. A. S. Ibid. 
 Thomas Bentley, LL. D. aged 82, 14 March 
 James Six, A.M. 14 December 
 
 1787. 
 Reverend Hugh Farmer, 26 February 
 Edmund Rack, Topographer, 27 February 
 Joseph Pote, Bookseller, 3 March 
 Archdeacon Franc. Blackburne, 7 August, aged 83 
 Edmund Law, Bishop of Carlisle, 14 August, set. 85 
 John Jebb, D. D. 13 November 
 Henry Stebbing, D. D. ih. set. 70 
 
 1788. 
 
 Henry Griffith, Novelist, 11 February 
 
 John Whitehurst, 18 February 
 
 Reverend William Ludlam, 16 March 
 
 Ashley Cowper, Esq. June 
 
 Reverend Thomas Russell, Poet, 31 July 
 
 John Shebbeare, M.D. i August, set. 79 
 
 N. Cotton, M. D. Poet, 2 August 
 
 Rev. Evan Evans, 14 September 
 
 John Brown, M.D. 7 October 
 
 Edward Jacob, Antiquary, 16 October 
 
 Earl Nugent, Poet, 13 October 
 
 Philip Ridpath, Antiquary 
 
 Reverend John Henderson, 2 November, aet. 32 
 
 Henry Headley, Poet, 15 November, aged 23 
 
 Jonathan Shipley, Bishop of St. Asaph, 9 December 
 
 Messenger Mounsey, M. D. 26 December, aet. 95 
 
 Rev. Mr. Logan, 28 December 
 
 Wm. Adams, 
 
3^^ 
 
 1789. 
 
 Wm. Adams, D. D. of Pembroke Coll. Ox. 14 Jan. 
 
 William Barrett, Antiquary of Bristol, 15 September 
 
 John Loveday, Esq. 16 May, aged 78 
 
 Sir W. Meredith, Bart. December 
 
 John Earl of Stair 
 
 Rev. Hen. Michell, A. M. 31 Oct.aet. 75 
 
 1790. 
 
 Rev.Thomas Seward, A. M. 4 March, aged 82 
 Charles Godfrey Woide, D.D. 3 May 
 Major General l>oy, i July 
 Michael Lort, D. D. October 
 
 I79i. 
 
 William Woty, Poet, 10 March, aged 60 
 
 John Free, D.D. 9 September, aged 80 
 
 Thomas Bever, LL.D. 8 November 
 
 Jeffery Ekins, D.D. 20 November 
 
 William Hayward Roberts, D. D. of Eton, 5 Dec. 
 
 Rev. Peter Whalley, LL.B. 12 June, aged 69 
 
 Rev. JohnTowne, 15 March, aged 80 
 
 Rev. Hen. Homer, 4 May, jet. 40 
 
 Rev. Mervyn Archdall, 6 August, set. 65 
 
 Joseph Wilcocks, F.A.S. 23 December, aet. 58 
 
 Rev. John Walters, Poet 
 
 Rev. Thomas Warwick, LL.B, Poet 
 
 1792. 
 
 Reverend Michael Towgood, i Feb. set. 92 
 Sir John Eardley Wilmot, 5 February, aet. 83 
 
 7 Thomas 
 
^2Z 
 
 Thomas Townson, D.D, 9 April, at. 78 
 
 John Thorpe, F.A.S. 2 August, aet. 78. 
 
 John Ross, D.D. Bishop of Exeter, 14 August 
 
 Coi>stantine Lord Mulgrave, 10 October 
 
 Philip Thicknesse, 28 October, aged 73 
 
 Rev. Alexander Crowchei* Schomberg, 6 April, aet. 36 
 
 Mrs. Sheridan, 28 June 
 
 John Leake, M. D. 8 August 
 
 1793. 
 Mrs. Griffiths, Novelist, January 
 Mrs.Taylor (late Miss Scott), Poetess, 4 June 
 James Six, F. R. S. 25 August 
 Reverend John Collinson, F.A.S. Topog., 27 Aug, 
 Dr. Thomas, Bishop of Rochester, 22 August 
 Rev. John Mitchell, F. R. S. 21 April, aet. 60 
 Barak Longmate, Engraver, 23 July, aged 55 
 Rev, John Wallis, 23 July, aet. 79 
 
 1794. 
 
 Charles Fearne, Barrister, 25 January, set. 52 
 Rev. Richard Paget, 9 December, aged 28 
 
 1795- 
 Rev. Anthony Temple, 30 April, aet. 72 
 John Pownall, F.A.S. 17 July, aged 70 
 Rev. Hen. Zouch, A. M. 17 June 
 George Adams, Optician, 14 Aug, 
 Sir John Prestwich, 14 August 
 Rev. Edw. Heber, A. M. 15 Oct. ast. 44 
 Rev. Sambrook N. Russell, 29 November 
 
 Reve 
 
323 
 
 Jlev. Samuel Pegge, LL.D. 14 Feb. set. 92 
 John Anderson, F, R. S. 13 January, set. 70 
 Charles Rivington Hopson, M. D. 23 December 
 Thomas Christie, October, at Surinam 
 
 1797- 
 William Gillum, Poet, 9 January 
 francis Randolph, D. D. 18 February, aet. 8+ 
 Reverend Peter Newcome, 2 April, aged 70 
 Reverend Charles Bulkeley, 15 April, aged 78 
 Lt. John Heyrick, Poet, 18 June, aged 35 
 
 /'To le conlinued.J 
 
 A LIST 
 
3^4 
 
 Art. XXIII. A List of Literary Persons of Great 
 Britain^ who have died in the last twelve yearSj 
 ■with the dates of their deaths. 
 
 [Continued from p. 104.] 
 
 1801. 
 
 Sir James Stonehouse, Bart. M.D. 8 Dec. aet. 80 
 
 Hugh Blair, D. D. 27 December, aet. 83 
 
 Sir George Leonard Staunton, Bart. circ. December 
 
 Robert Orme, Esq. the Historian, January 
 
 Robert Farren Cheetham, 12 January, aet. 24. 
 
 Samuel Rudder, Gloucestershire Historian, 15 March 
 
 WiUiam Heberden, M.D. May 17, aet. 91 
 
 Rev. William Drake, M. A. F. A. S. 13 June, ^t. 80 
 
 John Millar, Esq. Scotch Professor of Law, 30 April 
 
 Rev. William Hawkins, late Poetry Professor, Oxford, 
 
 12 July, aet. 79 
 Sir Grey Cooper, 30 July, set. 76 
 Robert Bage, Novelist, i September, aet. 72 
 Rev. Owen Manning, 9 September, aet. 80 
 Gilbert Wakefield, 10 September, aet. 46 
 Benjamin Blayney, D. D. 20 October, set. 74 
 Richard Pulleney, M. D. 16 Nov. aet. 72 
 David Levi, learned Jew 
 
 Bennet Langton, Esq. LL. D. 18 December, aet. 65 
 Rev. James Hurdis, 22 Dec. aet. 39 
 Mrs. Chapone, 25 Dec. aet. 75 
 
 John 
 
3^3 
 
 1802. 
 
 John Moore, M. D. 18 February, aet. 72 
 Alexander Geddes^ LL. D. a5 February, jet. 65 
 Erasmus Darwin, M. D. 17 April, xt.yi 
 George Fordyce, M, D. 25 May, aet. 66 
 Lady Burrell, 20 June 
 Thomas Garnett, M. D. 28 June, ast. 37 
 R. Owen Cambridge, 17 September, aet. 85 
 Thomas Knowles, D. D. 6 October, aet. 78 
 Joseph Strutt, Engraver, 15 October, aet. 55 
 Thomas Dermody, Poet, October 
 Henry Hunter, D. D. 27 October, aet. 64 
 •Rev. Stebbing Shaw, 28 October, jet. 40 
 Samuel Paterson, 29 October, aet. 78 
 Rev. Henry Moore, 2 February, aet. 7 1 
 John Butler, Bishop of Hereford, 10 Dec. aet. 85 
 
 1803. 
 
 John Throsby, Topographer, 5 February, aet. 66 
 
 William Boys, F.A.S. 15 March, .aet. 68 
 
 Sir James Marriott, Knight, 21 March, aet. 73 
 
 Henry Skrine, Tourist 
 
 Sir William Hamilton, K. B. 6 April, aet. 74 
 
 Henry Swinburne, Traveller, April 
 
 Charles Peter Lay ard,DD.FRS. 10 April, st. 55 
 
 Rev. Richard Hole, Poet, 28 May 
 
 Robert Jephson, Esq. Poet, 31 MJiy 
 
 Joseph Richardson, Esq. 9 June, aet. 46 
 
 Joseph Galloway, 29 August 
 
 Alexander Thomson, Poet, 7 November, at. 41 
 
 Rev. 
 
Sz6 
 
 Rev. Richard Amner, Dissenting Minister, 8 June, 
 
 St. 67 
 William Woodfall, Printer, i August, jet. 58 
 John Hoole, Poet, 2 August, set. 76 
 John Topham, F. A. S. 19 August 
 James Beattie, LL.D. i8 August, aet. 68 
 Ralph Griffith, LL.D. Founder -of Monthly Review, 
 
 28 September, aet. 83 
 Joseph Ritson, Critic, September 
 Thomas Astle, F.A. S. i December, ast. 69 
 
 1804. 
 
 Rev. John Fawcett, Dissenting Minister, 24 Jan. 
 ' Philip Yorke of Erthyg, F. A. S. 19 Feb, a-.t. 61 
 Rev. John Howlett, 29 February 
 Joseph Priestley, LL.D. 6 February, aet. 74 
 Rev. Wm. Gilpin, 5 April, aet. 80 
 Joseph Dacre Carlyle, B.D. 12 April, aet. 45 
 Rev. Robert Potter, August / 
 Rev. Samuel Ayscough, November 
 Jacob Bryant, November, aet. 89 
 Rev. Richard Graves, 23 November, aet. 90 
 Mrs. Charlotte Lennox, 8 January, aged 84 
 Newton Ogle, D.D. 6 Jan. aged 78 
 Rev. Henry Cox Mason, A.M. 
 Mr. Thomas Malton, Tourist, 7 March 
 John Whitehead, M.D. 7 March 
 Powell Snell, Poet, 8 April, ast. 6y 
 Rev. Jonathan Boucher, 27th April, aet. 6y 
 W. Forsyth, F A. S. 25 July 
 Robert Macfarlane, 8 August, aged 70 
 Rev. Thomas Twining, A. M. 6 August, aged 70 
 Sir Geo. A. W, Shuckburgh, 11 August, aged 53 
 
 Rev. 
 
Rev. Rob. Ingram, A. M. 3 August, aged 77 
 
 Thomas Percival, M. D. 30 August, set. 64 
 
 Rev. W. Tyndal, A. M. F. A. S. 16 September 
 
 Rev. Thomas James, A. M. 24 September 
 
 Mr. Carter,' Ballad Writer, 12 October 
 
 Francis Eyre, 7 November, aged 72 
 
 Rev. Dr. Archibald Maclaine, 25 November, jet. 82 
 
 James Bandinell, D.D. 25 Nov. ^t. 93 
 
 Mrs. Lefroy, Poetess, 16 December, aged 56 
 
 Charles Nalson Cole, 18 December, set. 82 
 
 Samuel Rose, Barrister, 20 December, 37 
 
 W. Cunningham, Poet, 27 December, aet. 24. 
 
 1805 
 Charles Townley, F. R. S. A. S. 3 January, ast. 67 
 Professor John Robison, A.M. of Edinburgh, 30 Jaa, 
 William Buchan, M. D. 25 Feb. aged 76 
 Col. Philip De La Motte, Antiquary, 11 March 
 Wm. Butter, M. D. 23 March, aet. 79 
 Dr. Bisset, 21 May, aet. 48 
 Thomas Pownall, F.R.A.S. S. set. 85, 25 Feb. 
 William Paley, D. D. 25 May 
 Sir William Pulteney, Bart. 28 May 
 
 ARTHUR MURPHY. 
 " On the 19th of June 1 805, departed this life, at his 
 apartments at Knightsbridge, in the 78th year of his 
 age, Arthur Murphy, Esq. Barrister at Law and a 
 Bencher of Lincoln's Inn. He lived in the closest 
 friendship with the most polished authors and greatest 
 lawyers of his time. His knowledge of the classics 
 was profound. His translations of the Roman his- 
 torians enlarged his fame. His dramatic productions 
 were inferior to none of the time in which he flourished. 
 
 The 
 
3^8 
 
 The fire of the poet was particularly adorned by the 
 refined taste of the critic. The moderation of his am- 
 bition, and the modesty of his nature, inclined his 
 genius to court the retirement of his study, in prefe- 
 rence to the pursuits of an active life. As a man of 
 high talents and a warm heart he lived honoured, and 
 as a very devout Christian he was long resigned to the 
 will of his Creator; in the words he was often heard 
 to repeat from Pope — 
 
 Half taught by reason, half by mere decay. 
 To welcome death and calmly pass away." 
 
 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS to CORRESPONDENTS. 
 
 The Editor is much obliged to Mr. Brayley for the MS. regarding Richard 
 the Third, which he has not yet had time to examine sufficiently. 
 
 The Editor has to lament that the very curious article regarding Putten- 
 ham's Art of Poetry, by his friend Mr. Gilchrist, has only reached him this 
 day : otherwise it would have supplied the place of much less valuable mat^ 
 ter in this Number. It will of course appear in No. IV. 
 
 Mr. B. is particularly obliged to Mr. S. for his hint regarding '< The 
 Handeful of Plesant Delites." 
 
 ERRATA in No. 11. 
 
 A'Correspondent has pointed out some errors oi'the press and of fhe trjn-, 
 scriber, in the article of Dr. Frank Nichols, p. 195 ; he became M. D. ijao, 
 and read the H. oration 1739. He died 7 Jan. 1778, not 17S0. 
 
 P. 124. Mr. Jchncs is M. P. for Cardiganshire, not Carmarthenshire. 
 
 P. 113. for " futile" read " fertile." , 
 
 P. 114. for <^Cantates" read *' Cantantes." 
 
 ERRATA in No. III. 
 
 The 67th Poem in England's Helicon is entitled " Firmius the Sheep- 
 heard," and the 76th is " Montana" (not " Mont^no") the Sheepheard .nis 
 love to Aminta. 
 
 June Z4, 1805. 
 
 T. Bensley, Printer, 
 Bolt Court. 
 
CENSURA LITERARIA. 
 
 NUMBER IV. 
 
 Art. T. Jehovah Jireh. God in the Moiint ; or, 
 JEngland's Parliamentary Chronicle. Containintr 
 a 7nost exact narration of nil the most material 
 Proceedings of this renoivned andunparulelV d Par- 
 liament : the armies which have leen or are in the 
 severall parts of this land; the manner of the hat- 
 tails and sieges of Kenton, Brainford, Stafford, 
 LitcJifeld, Cheshire, Lancashire, Yorkshire, Lin- 
 colnshire, Lin, Gloucester, Neivlury, and of those 
 other places i?i England where airy have been, 
 from the years 1641 to this present moneth of 
 October 1643, concluding ivith the late Cove- 
 nant of Great Britain and Ireland. Collected and 
 published, principally for the high honour of our 
 -wonder-working God, still inost graciously and 
 gloriously carrying on, the great work of a pure re- 
 formation in Church and State ; as also for the 
 great encouragement of all that are zealous for 
 God and lovers of their country. By the most 7in- 
 tvorihy admirer thereof, JOHN VICARS. 
 
 Happie art thou, Israel, who is like unto thee! O 
 
 people saved by the Lord, the shield of thy help, 
 
 z and 
 
33^ 
 
 and li'ho is the sword of thy excellencle : an^ thine 
 enemies shall lie found lyers unto thee : and thou 
 shalt tread Jipon their high places. Deut. iii. 2. 
 The works of the Lord are great, and sought out of 
 all them, that have pleasure therein. His ivorks are 
 honourahle and glorious, and his righteousness en- 
 durethfor ever. Psalm ili. 2, 3. 
 The Lord hath so done all his marveilous works, that 
 they ought to he had in everlasting remcmlrajice. 
 Psalm iii. 4. 
 It is ordered by the Committee of the House of Com- 
 mons in Parliament, concerjiing Prijiting, that 
 this book intituled, God on the Mount, or, A 
 •Parliamentarie Chronicle, be printed by Jo. Roth- 
 loell and Tho. Under hill, Jo, White. 
 London: printed by T. Paine and M. Simmons, for 
 J. Rothwell and T. Underhill. 1644. pp. 434, 
 besides index, and dedications, &c. 
 
 The first part of this work ends at page 87, and the 
 second part begins at page 8g, with the title " God 
 IN THE Mount; or, A Continuation of England's 
 Parliamentary Chronicle." 
 
 Art. II. God's Arke overtopping the world's ivavcs ; 
 or, the third part of the Parliamentary Chro?iicle. 
 Containing a successive continuation and exact and 
 failhfull narration of all the most materiall Parlia- 
 mentary Proceedings and memorable mercies where- 
 with God hath crowned this famous present Parlia- 
 ment and their armies i?i all the severall parts of 
 the land; the famous sieges, defeats, battails, vic- 
 tories and prizes oblairied and taken by land and 
 
 sea ; 
 
iM ; the appeashig of the Kentish Rebellion ; HulVs 
 admirable preservation ; the famous victories at 
 Horn-castle, Aulton, Alsford, Selby, and Arun- 
 dell Castle; Discoveries of many desperate plots 
 and designes against the Parliament ; the establish- 
 ing of d neu) Great Seal of England; the advance 
 and actions of our Brethren the Scots among us; 
 the most renowned siege anddeliverance of Plymouth 
 and Lyme : together with all the famous perform- 
 ances of all our armies in the West and North of 
 the kingdome, from July 1643 to July 1644; aiid 
 concluding ivith a m.ost exact, fill, and faithfull 
 relation of the most famous victory at MarstoJi 
 Moor, near York. Collected and published for 
 God's high honour and the great encouragement of 
 all that are zealous for God and lovers of their 
 country. By the most unworthy admirer of them, 
 JOHN VICARS 
 
 What nation is there so great, who hath God so nicrk 
 unto it, as the Lord our God is in all things that 
 we have called upon him for P Only therefore take 
 heed to thy self e, and keep thy soul diligently, lest 
 thou forget the things, ivhich thine eyes have seen, 
 and lest they depart froyn thy heart, all the dayes 
 of thy life: But teach them to thy sons and thy 
 sons' sons. Deut. iv. 7, 9. 
 
 London : printed by M. Simons and J. Macock, 
 1646. 4^0. pp. 304, besides Tables and Dedi- 
 cations, 
 
 Art. III. The Burning Bush not consumed; or, 
 
 the Fourth and last part of the Parliawentarie 
 
 Chronicle. Containing a full and faithfull con- 
 
 z 2 jiimiaiion 
 
^3^ 
 
 . thniation and exact narrat'ion of all the most ma^ 
 ter'iall and most memorable proceedings of this 
 renowned Varliajnent. The Armies and Forces, 
 which are or have been in the sever all parts of the 
 kingdome', the description of all the brave bat- 
 tails, victories y and famous defeates given to the 
 enemies, both by sea and land; especially the 
 winning of Newcastle, the glorious victory at 
 Nazeby, and that famous victory at Langport, ivon 
 through fire and ivater ; together luith all the other 
 admirable successes of our most renowned and vic- 
 torious Gencrale Sir Thomas Fairfax, with his 
 despised new-modelled army in the West, even 
 to admiration : and the happy rendition of Oxford, 
 and the rest of the strong garrisons about it. Be- 
 ginning fom August 1644, and comming up to this 
 present moneih of July 1646. Collected for God's 
 high honour, and all pious Parliamentarians' com- 
 fort : By the most univorthic admirer of them, 
 JOHN VICARS. 
 
 Isaiah Ixiii. 7. 1 ivill ijiention the loving kindnesse 
 of the Lord, and the high praises of our God, ac- 
 . cording to all the rich mercies which the Lord 
 hath bestowed upon us ; and his great goodnesse 
 towards 21s fhis English IsraelJ ivhich hee hath 
 conferred on us, according to his great mercies, and 
 acco ding to the multitudes of his loving kindnesses. 
 
 The Third, and this Fourth Part, being printed at 
 the sole and entire cost and charge of the auihour 
 himself. 
 
 Imprinted at Lo?idon by R. C. and M. B. for M. 
 
 Spark, at the Bible in Green Arbor, J. Rothwell, 
 
 . ut the Sun in P. Churchyard, and T. Underhill, at 
 
 the 
 
S5Z 
 
 the Bible in PFood-sir. 1646. 4(0. pp. d^jS, lcs'ide\l 
 tables and dedications. 
 And at the end of this Fourth Part^ is " yl Colossus 
 of Eternall-bounden Gratitude', or, a Panegyricall 
 Pi/ramides of perpetuall Praise. First erected by 
 our Britain's ingenious and i?igenuous Mercuric: 
 And now re-erected by the unworthy authoiir of this 
 Parliamentary Chroiiicle, with some plain dnd 
 homely inlaid work of his own in some convenient 
 places." pp. 14. 
 
 The First Part of this curious and very scarcemedley 
 of facts and furious party venom is dedicated 1st to 
 the Lords and Commons, and 2dly to " "Isaac Pen- 
 nington, Lord Mayor" — " Sir John Wolaston, Lord 
 Mayor Elect" — " Sir Richard Sprignall, and Alderman 
 Warner," and their wives. 
 
 The Third Part is dedicated to Alderman Adams, 
 Lord Mayor— Sir John Wollaslon, and Sir Richard 
 Sprignall, and their ladies. 
 
 The Fourth Part is dedicated to Thomas Adamg, 
 Esq. Lord Mayor—Sir Matthew Brand, Kt. High 
 Sheriff of Surry; and Sir Richard Sprignall, ICt. — To 
 Lady Francesse Brand, Lady Anne Sprignall, the 
 Lady Rebeccah WoUastone, Mistris Mary Grimstone, 
 all of them, his pious and most precious friends. 
 
 It is difficult to select any thing from such multi- 
 farious contents. But as a short thing of the most 
 general interest I shall transcribe the list, (though im- 
 perfect) by Vicars, of those who fell on both sides. 
 
 " Psalme Iviii. 10, 11. 
 
 *' The righteous shall rejoyce when he seeth Go.l's 
 vengeance on the wicked, and shall wash his feet in 
 
 z 3 their 
 
334 
 
 their blood; so that a man shall say, verily there is a 
 God that judgeth the earth." 
 
 " The Slaine on the King's side. 
 
 1. The Earl of Lyndsey, the Lord General! of the 
 
 King's Army that appeared in the field at first 
 against the Parliament. 
 
 2. The Lord George Stuart, being Lord of Aubignie 
 
 in France. 
 
 3. The Lord John Stuart. 
 
 4. The Lord Bernhard Stuart. All these three 
 
 brave young Lords being of the bloud royal), 
 and all three brothers to the Duke of Lenojc. 
 
 5. The Earle of Northampton. 
 
 6. The Earle of Denbigh. 
 
 7. The Earle of Carnarvan. 
 
 8. The Earle of Sunderland. 
 
 9. The Earle of Kingstone. 
 
 10. The Earle of Strafford beheaded for treason on 
 
 the Tower- hill. 
 
 11. The Lord Grandison. 
 
 12. The Lord Faulkland. 
 
 13. The Lord Carey, son to the Earle of Monmouth. 
 
 14. The Lord Ashton. 
 
 15. The Marquesse of Viville, a French Lord. 
 
 16. The Arch -Prelate of Canterbury beheaded for 
 
 treason on Tower-Hill. 
 
 17. General Cavendish. 
 
 18. Gencrall Mynne. 
 
 19. Sir Edward Varney. 
 ao. Sir John Harper. 
 
 gi. Sir Bcvill Greenvill, son to the Marquesse of 
 Hartfort, 
 
 3,2. Sir 
 
33S 
 
 22. Sir Geoi^e Bowles. 
 
 2j. Sir William Wentworth, brother to the Earl of 
 SteafFord. 
 
 24. Sir Francis Dacres, neare Kinsman to the Lord 
 
 Dacres. 
 
 25. Sir William Lambton. 
 
 26. Sir Marmaduke Loudson. 
 
 27. Sir Thomas Metton. 
 
 28. Mounsieur Saint Paul, a French Gentleman. 
 
 29. Sir Richard Goodhill. 
 
 30. Sir Alexander Carew, beheaded for treason on 
 
 the Tower-Hill. 
 
 31. Sir John Hotham, beheaded also for treason on 
 
 Tower-Hill. 
 
 32. Sir Henry Gage. 
 ^^. Sir William Crofts. 
 
 34. Sir Thomas Nott, 
 
 35. Sir Owen. 
 
 36. Sir Brian Stapleton. 
 
 37. Sir Francis Carnabie. 
 
 38. Sir Richard Hutton. 
 
 39. Col. Monroe. 
 
 40. Col. Wane. , 
 
 41. Col. Ewers, nephew to the Lord Ewers. 
 
 42. Col. Roper, brother to the Lord Baltinglasse. 
 
 43. Col. Slingsby, son to Sir William Slingsby. 
 
 44. Col. Fenwick, eldest son to Sir John Fenwick. 
 
 45. Col. Prideaux. 
 
 46. Col. Atkins. 
 
 47. Col. Marrow. 
 
 48. Col. Baynes. 
 
 49. Col. Conyers. 
 
 50. Generall Goring's brother. 
 
 2 4 51, Col. 
 
33^ 
 
 51. Col. Houghton, sou to Sir Gilb. Houghton. 
 
 52. GenerallGoring's Quarter-Master-Gen. of Horse. 
 ^^. Gen. Goring's Quarter-Master of Foot. 
 
 54. Col. Phillips. 
 
 ^S' Lieut. -Col. Ward. 
 
 56. Lieut. -Col. Howard. 
 
 57. Lieut. -Col. Bowles. 
 
 58. Lieut. -Col. Lisle. 
 
 59. Lieut. -Col. Stonywood. 
 
 60. Scrjt.-Major Beaumont. 
 
 61. Scrjt.-Maj. Purvey. 
 
 62. Serjt.-Maj. Smith. 
 
 63. Serjt.-Maj. Lower. 
 
 64. Serjt.-Maj. Wells. 
 
 65. The Mayor of Preston^ Mr. Adams. 
 
 66. Major Heskith. 
 
 67. Major Trevillian. 
 
 68. Major Hatton Farmar. 
 
 69. Major Pilklngton. 
 
 70. Major Duet. 
 
 71. Major Heynes. 
 
 72. Major Pollard. 
 
 73. Captain Wray. 
 
 74. Capt. Bins. 
 
 75. Captain Houghton. 
 
 76. Captain Hotham, beheaded on Tower Hill. 
 
 77. Captain Baggot. 
 
 78. Captain Jamesi 
 
 79. Captain Cornisham. 
 
 80. Captain Plunket. 
 
 81. The King's Standard-bearer at that fight where 
 
 and when the Earle of Northampton was 
 slaine. 
 
 82. Sir 
 
82. Sir John Smith, brother to the Lord Carrington, 
 
 83. Dr. Weston, a Phisitian. 
 
 84. An Earl, or such hke eminent personage found 
 
 slaine in the field at Nasebie fight, with a star 
 and a red crosse upon his coat, but his name 
 or title not known, 
 
 85. Major Th reave. 
 
 86. Capt. Fry. 
 
 87. Col. Billingsly. 
 
 88. Captain Cottingham. 
 
 89. Major Caft. 
 
 90. Six Priests slain in Bazing House. 
 
 91. Lieut. -Col. Gardiner. 
 
 The most eminent peri>ons slaine on the Parliament's 
 ^arty, since the beginning of these unhappie 
 war res. 
 
 1. The Lord St, John. 
 
 2. The Lord Brooke. 
 
 3. Sir William Fairfax, brother to the most noble 
 
 and renowned Lord Fairfax. 
 
 4. Sir John Meldrum. 
 
 5. Major-Gen. Charles Fairfax, sonne to the afore- 
 
 said noble Lord Fairfax, and brother to our 
 present most renowned Generall Sir Thomas 
 Fairfax, slaine at Marston-Moore fight. 
 5. Col. Essex. X 
 
 7. Col. Hampden. 
 
 8. Col. Tucker. 
 
 9. Lieut. -Col. Ramsey. 
 10. Serjt.-Major Quarles. 
 
 II. Major 
 
33^ 
 
 11. Major Stavvham, a brave Scottish Gent. 
 
 12. Major Fitz-Simons. 
 
 13. Major Bradbury. 
 
 14. Major Jackson. 
 
 15. Capt. Lacie. 
 1 5. Capt. Lister. 
 
 17. Capt. Nuttie 
 
 18. Capt. Massie. 
 
 19. Capt. Hunt. 
 
 20. Capt. Oglesby. 
 
 21. Capt. Williams. 
 
 22. Capt. Pue. 
 
 23. Master Hugh Popham. 
 
 24. Major Haynes. 
 
 25. Capt. Dove. 
 
 26. Lieut -Col. Ingoldsby. 
 
 27. Cap. Allen. 
 
 28. Maj. Francis Sydenham. 
 
 29. Col. John Gunter." 
 
 In Part HI. p. 17, is a copy of ^' An Ordinance of the 
 
 Lords and Commons assembled in Parliament,touchin<* 
 
 the rebellion in Kent, dated " Die Mercurii, August 
 
 16, 1643," in which " Sir Henry Vane senior. Sir 
 
 John Sidley, Sir Anthony Wclden, Sir Michael Leve- 
 
 sey, Sir Henry Heyman, Mr. Nut, "Mr. Augustine 
 
 Skinner, Mr. Thomas Blunt, Mr. Thomas Franklin, 
 
 Sir Edward Boyse, Mr. Brown, Sir William Springate, 
 
 Sir Edward Master, Mr. John Boyl, Mr. John Boyse, 
 
 Sir Peter Wroth, Mr. Richard Lee, Sir Thomas Wal 
 
 singham, Mr. Thomas Selyard, and Sir John Robarts, 
 
 or any three of them, are appointed to seize upon the 
 
 arms and horses of the loyalist insurgents." 
 
 But 
 
339 
 
 But it Is not yet possible to detail in this work the 
 various contents of these volume's. * 
 
 Art. IV. ^^ Tlie Arte of English Poesie, contrived 
 into three hookes : the Jirst of Poets and Poesie, the 
 second of Proportion, the third of Ornament." At 
 London, printed ly Richard Field, dwelling in 
 the Black Friers, neere Ludgate, 1589, ^1.o. 
 
 This is on many accounts one of the most curious 
 and entertaining, and intrinsically, one of the most 
 valuable books of the age of Elizabeth. In the third 
 volume of his History of English Poetry, Warion has 
 given an elaborate account of Wilson's ^' Arte of Rhe- 
 toricke, printed in 1553, and in the Second Number 
 of Oldys's British Librarian is a brief analysis of 
 Webbe's " Discourse of English Poetrie," printed in 
 1586. Although the volume before us was printed 
 subsequent to either of these it bears testimony of 
 having been composed many years before it went to 
 press, and was probably written, in part, when the 
 earliest of the above volumes appi-ared ; to which, as an 
 elementary treatise on the aitf, ir is infinitely superior, 
 as being formed on a more comprehensive scale and il- 
 lustrated by examples, while the copious intermixture 
 of contemporaryanecdote, tradition, manners, opinions, 
 and the numerous specimens of coeval poetry no where 
 else preserved, contribute to form a volume of infinite 
 amusement, curiosity, and value. 
 
 The book '' comming into the printer's hands," 
 
 * Perhaps the Editor may hereafter give farther extracts from these 
 fohimes. 
 
 (probably 
 
34^ 
 
 (prob?ibly after the author's death) "with the bare title, 
 and whhout any other ordinary addrcsse/' accounts for 
 the solecism of its being dedicated to the Lord Treasu- 
 rer Buro;hIcv, at the same time that it is addressed 
 throughout to Elizabeth, whose portrait is prefixed; 
 indeed, the printer was evidently troubled to reconcile 
 his own inclination with the manifest intention of the 
 author. 
 
 The first chapters are employed in descanting on 
 the honour and antiquity of the profession, proving 
 l)()et3 to have been the first priests, the first prophets, 
 th.e first philosophers, and what not ? from the high his- 
 torical authorities of Linus, Orpheus, 8cc. &c, " to the 
 third and fourth generation:" yet such was theaccepted 
 opinion of our credulous forefathers, which continued 
 to receive support and confirmation from the concur- 
 rence of the learned : " Of the dignity of Poctrie," 
 Camden observes*, ''mucli hath been sayd by the 
 Worthie Sir Philip Sidney, and by the gentleman" 
 (unquestionably our author) '' which prooved that poets 
 were the first politicians, the first philosophers, the 
 first historiographers : I will only add out of Philo, 
 that they were God's owne creatures, who in his book 
 " de plantat'onc Noc" — but if I were to eccho all the 
 fables, et vatum. plorahile si quid, like Milton's high 
 reasoners on fix'd fate and free will, I should '' find no 
 end, in wandering mazes lost." Having dispatch'd 
 the history of poetry thus far, we are taught in the 
 seventh chapter " how in the time of Charlemaine, 
 and many years after him the Latin poetes wrote in 
 rymc;" among other examples he mentions one of Ed- 
 
 * Rcmai'ies concerning Erlttiinc, P.i. 278. Ed. i6?9. 
 
 6 ward 
 
341 
 
 war4 the Third, who, ^^ quartering the arn^es of Eng- 
 land andFrance, did discover his pretence 'and clayme 
 to the crovvne of France in these ryming verses. 
 
 Rex sum regnorum bina ratione duorum, 
 Anglorum regno, sum rex ego jure paterno; 
 Matris jure quidem Franrorum nuncupor idem, 
 Hinc est armoruai vaviatio facta meorara. 
 
 Which verses Philip de Valois, then possessing the 
 crowne, as next heire male by pretexte of the lawe 
 Salique, and holding out Edward the Third, answer'd 
 in these other of as good stuffe. 
 
 Praedo regnorum qui dicerls esse duorum, 
 Reguo raaterno privaberis atque paterno, 
 Prolis jus nulkim ubi matris nou fuit ullnm 
 nine est armorum variatio stulta tuorum. 
 
 And as this was used in the greatest and gayest matters 
 of princes and popes by the idle invention of monasti- 
 call men then reigning in all their superlative ; so did 
 every scholer and secular clerke or versifier, when he 
 wrote any short poeme or matter of good lesson put it 
 in rhyme, whereby it came to passe that all your old 
 proverbes and common sayinges which they would 
 have plausible to the reader, and easie to remember 
 and beare away, were of that sorte." He adds " we 
 find but very few of these ryming verses among the 
 Latines of the civiler ages, and those rather hapning 
 by chaunce than of any purpose in the writer, as this 
 distick among the disports o^ Ovid : 
 
 Quot coelum Stellas tot habet tua Roma puellas, 
 Pascua quotq. hoedos tot habet tua Roma Cynoedos." 
 
 With 
 
342 
 
 With which e'xample Mr. Sharon Turner rtiay fortify 
 his "Enquiry into the early use of Rhyme." * 
 
 The succeeding chapter is employed in considering 
 the •' reputation poets and poesie were in old time with 
 princes, and otherwise generally, and how they be now 
 become contemptible." Many examples are adduced 
 from *' oide time," and in later days " how much 
 were Jehan de Mehi and Gulliaume de Loris made of 
 by the French Kings; and Geffre Chaucer, father of 
 our English poets, by Richard the Second, who, as it was 
 supposed, gave him the maner of New Holme in Ox- 
 fordshire. And Gower to Henry the Fourth, and 
 Harding to Edward the Fourth. And King Henry the 
 Eighth, her Majesties' father, for a few psalmes of Da- 
 vid turned into English Mcetre by Sternhold, made 
 him groome of his privy chamber, and gave him many 
 other good gifts. And one Gray what good esti- 
 mation did he grow unto with the same King Henry, 
 and afterward with the Duke of Sommerset Protector, 
 for making certaine merry Ballades, whereof one chiefly 
 was, The Hunte is up, the Hunte is up. And Queene 
 Mary his daughter for one Epiihalamium or nuptial 
 .song made by Vargas a Spanish poet, at her marriage 
 with King Philip in Winchester, gave him during his 
 life two hundred crownes peneion." 
 
 Here is a tradition concerning Chaucer which 
 escaped the vigilance of Tyrwhitt; and what follows 
 respecting Gower and Harding has remained unnoticed 
 by the biographers of either : such notices it is true 
 are too equivocal to be received implicitly, but from 
 hints like these arising from traditions not very distant 
 from the subjects that gave birth to them, enquiries 
 
 * V.d'.- Aichaeologh, Vol. XIV. p. I'IS. 
 
 mav 
 
543 
 
 may follow that may possibly lead to facts which bio- 
 graphers might otherwise have sought for in vain. In 
 this chapter occurs the following anecdote of the 
 *' French Queene, Lady Anne ofBritaine, wife first 
 to King Charles the VIII. and after to Lewis the 
 XII. who, passing one dayfrom her lodging toward the 
 Kinges side, saw in a gallerie Maister AllaineChartier, 
 the Kind's secretarie, an excellent maker or poet, leaning 
 on a tables-end asleep, and stooped down to kisse him, 
 saying thus, in all their hearings ; *' we may not of 
 princely courtesie passe by and not honour with our 
 kisse the mouth from whence so many sweete ditties 
 and golden poems have issued:" and at a short dis- 
 tance Puttenham observes, that '^ such among the no- 
 bilitieor gentrie as be very well scene in many laudable 
 sciences, and especially in making or poesie, it is so 
 come to passe that they have no courage to write, and 
 if they have, yet they are loth to be knowen of their 
 skill. So as I know very many notable gentlemen of 
 the court that have written commendably, and have 
 supprest it agayne, or els suffer'd it to be publish'd 
 without their own names to it: as if it were a discredit 
 for a gentleman to seeme learned, and to shew himself 
 amourous of any good art." 
 
 One is at a loss to reconcile this complaint of Put- 
 tenham with the ample catalogue of poetical writers 
 during Elizabeth's reign, although in " The Paradise 
 of Dainty Devises," and in Tottel's collection many 
 anonymous specimens are to be found. 
 
 It is rather from necessity than inclination that I 
 pass ov*^r intermediate chapters, relating chiefly to clas- 
 sical customs, and Latin or Greek poetry; which 
 will be found less interesting than the 31st, con- 
 taining a general criticism on English poets antecedent 
 
 and 
 
344 
 
 and co-eval with the age of our author; whh which, 
 as it finishes the first division of his subject, shall 
 also close for the present this review of the work. 
 
 *' It appeareth by sundry records of hookes both 
 printed and written, that many of our countrymen 
 haue painfully trauelled in this part : of whose workes 
 some appeare to be but bare translations, others some 
 matter of their owne invention, and very commendable, 
 whereof some recital shall be made in this place, to 
 th' intent cheifly that their names should not be de- 
 frauded of such honour as seemeth due to them for 
 hauino-by their thankefull studies so much beautified 
 our English tong (as at this day it will be found our 
 nation is in nothing inferiour to the French or Italian 
 for copie of language, subtiltie of deuice, good method 
 and proportion in any forme of poeme, but that they 
 may compare with ihe moste, and perchance passe a 
 great manie of them. And I will not reach aboue the 
 time of King Edward the Third, and Richard the 
 Second, for any that wrote in English meeter : be- 
 cause before their times by reason of the late Normane 
 conquest, which had brought into this realme much 
 alteration both of our langage and lawcs, and there- 
 withal! a certaine martiall barbarousnes, whereby the 
 study of all good learning was much decayd, as 
 a long time after no man or very few entended 
 to write in any laudable science : so as beyond that 
 time there is little or nothing worth conmiendation to 
 be founde written in this arte. And those of the first 
 age were Chaucer and Goiver, both of them as I sup- 
 pose knyghtes. Aficr whom followed John Lydgate, 
 the monkc of Bury, and that nameles, who wrote the 
 Satyre QdiWcA Piers 'Plowman ; next him followed Har- 
 ding 
 
'^45 
 
 d'mg the Chronicler 5 then in King Henry the Eightes 
 times Skelion, (I wot not for what great worthines) 
 surnamed the Poet Laiireat. In the latter end of the 
 same Kinges raigne sprong up a new company of 
 courthe makers, of whom Sir Thomas Wyat th' elder, 
 and Henry Earle of Surry were two cheiftains, who 
 hauing trauailed into Italic, and there tasted the sweete 
 and statelie measures and style of the Italian poesie as 
 novices newlycrept out of the schooXso^ T)ante,AriostOf 
 and Petrarch, they greatlie polished our rude and 
 homely maner of vulgar poesie, from that it had bene 
 before, and for that cause may iustly be sayd the first 
 reformers of our English nieeter and stile. In the 
 same time, or not long after was the Lord Nicholas 
 Vaiix, a man of much facultie in vulgar makings. 
 Afterward in King Edivard the Sixth's time came to 
 be in reputation for the same facultie Thomas Sterne' 
 hold, who first translated into English certainepsalmes 
 of David, and John Hey wood the Epigrammatist, who 
 for the myrthe and quicknesse of his conceits more 
 than for any good learning was in him came to be well 
 benefited by the King. But the principall man in this 
 profession at .the same time was Maister Edivard 
 Ferry s a man of no lesse myrthe and felicitie that way, 
 but of much more skil, and magnificence in his meeter, 
 and therefore wrate for the most part for the stage, in 
 Tragedie, and sometimes in Comedie or Enterlude, 
 wherein he gave the king so much good recreation, 
 as he had thereby many good rewardes. In Queene 
 Maries time, flourished aboue any other, Doctour 
 Phaer, one that was well learned, and excellently tran- 
 slated into English verse Heroicall certaine bookes of 
 Virgil's Mneidos, Since him followed Maister Ar- 
 ji, A thire 
 
54^ 
 
 thiiYe Gold'ngy who with no lesse commendafioif 
 turned into English meeter the Metamorphosis of 
 Ouide ; and that other Doctour, who made the sup- 
 plement to those bookes of VirgiVs ^neidos, which 
 Maister Phacr left undone. And in her Majesties 
 time that nowe is are spronge vp an other crewe of 
 covu-tlie makers noblemen and gentlemen of her Majes- 
 ties own servants, who haue written excellently well, 
 
 ' as it would appeare if their doings could be found out 
 and made publicke with the reste j of which nimiber is 
 first that noble gentleman Edward Earle of Oxford, 
 Thomas Lord Buckhurst, when he was young, Hewy 
 Lord Paget, Sir Philip Sydney, Sir IValter Raivleigh, 
 Maister Edivard Dyer, Maister Fulke Grevell, Gas- 
 con, Britton, Turberville, and a great many other 
 learned gentlemen, whose names I do not omit for 
 
 • enuie, but to auoyde tediousnesse, and who haue de- 
 serued no little commendation. But of them all par- 
 ticularly this is myne opinion, that Chaucer, with 
 
 . Goiuer, Ludgat, and Harding for their antiquitie 
 ought to haue the first place, and Chaucer as the most 
 renowned of them all, for the much learning appearcth 
 to be in him aboue any of the rest. And_ though 
 many of his bookes be but bare translations out of the 
 Latin and French, yet are they well handled, as his 
 books o^Troilus ahd Cresseid, and the Romaunt of the 
 Rose, whereof he translated but one half, the deuicc 
 was Joh?i de Melmncs a French poet. The Canter- 
 bury Tales were Chaucer's owne inuention as I sup- 
 pose, and where he sheweth more the naturall of his 
 pleasant wit, then in any other of his workcs, his simili- 
 tudes, comparisons, and all other descriptions are such 
 as cannot be amended. His meeter Fleroicall of 
 
 Troll us 
 
347 
 
 Trsilus and Cresseid is uery graue and stately^ keeping 
 the staffe of scuen, and the verse of ten ; his other 
 verses of the Canterbury tales be but riding ryme, 
 neurthelesse uery well becoming the matter of that 
 pleasaunt pilgrimage in which eury man's part is 
 playd with n.uch decency. Goivcr, sauing for his 
 good and graue moralities, had nothing in him highly 
 to be commended, for his uerse was homely and with, 
 out good measure, his wordes strained much deale out 
 of the French writers, his ryme wrested, and his inuen- 
 tions small subtiltie: the applications of his moralities 
 are the best in him, and yet those many times uery 
 grossely bestowed, neither doth the substance of his 
 vvorkes sufficientlie answere the subtiltie of his titles. 
 Lydgat a translatour onely and no deuiser of that which 
 he wrate, but one that wrate in good verse. Harding, 
 a poet epic or historical, handled himselfe well ac- 
 cording to the time and manner of his subject. He 
 that wrote the Satyr of Piers Plowman, seemed to have 
 bene a malcontent of that time, and therefore bent 
 himselfe wholy to taxe the disorders of that age, and 
 specially the pride of the Romane Clergy, of whose fall 
 he seemeth to be a very true prophet ; his verse is but 
 loose meeter, and his termes hard and obscure, so as 
 in them is little pleasure to be taken. Skelton a sbarpe 
 satirist, but with more rayling and scoflfery then be- 
 came a Poet Lawreat. Such among the Greekes was 
 called Pantomium, with us buffoons, altogether ap- 
 plying their wits to scurrillities and other ridiculous 
 matters. Henry Earle of Surrey and Sir Thomas 
 IVijat, betweene whome I finde very litttle difference, 
 I repute them (as before) for the two chief lanternes 
 of light to all others that have since employed their 
 pennes vpon English poesle^ their conceits were loftie, 
 A A 2 their 
 
345 
 
 tlielr stiles stately, their conueyance cleanly, their 
 termes proper, and their meetre sweete and well pro- 
 portioned, in all imitating very naturally and studiously 
 their Maister Francis Petrarclia. The Lord Vaux 
 his commendation lyeth chiefly in the facillitie of his 
 meetre, and the aptness of his descriptions such as he 
 taketh vpon him to make, namely, in sundry of his 
 songs, wherein he sheweth the counterfalt action uery 
 liuely and pleasantly. ' Of the latter sorte I thinke 
 thus : That for Tragedie, the Lord Buckhurst, and 
 Maister Edward FerrTjs, for such doings as I have 
 sene of theyrs, do deserue the hyest price. Th' Earle 
 of Oxford and Maister Edwardes of her Majesties 
 Chappell for Comedie and Enterlude. For Eglogue 
 and pastoral poesie, Sir Philip Sydney and Maister 
 Challcnner, and that other gentleman who wrate the 
 lateShepheardesCallender. For dittie and amorous Ode 
 I find Sir Walter Raivleigli' s vayne most loftie, in- 
 solent, and passionate. Maister Edward Dyer, for 
 Elegie most sweete, solempne and of high conceit. 
 Gascon for a goode meetre and for a plentifull vayne. 
 Timer and Golding for a learned and well corrected 
 uerse, specially in translation, cleare and uery faith- 
 fully answering their authour's Intent. Others haue 
 also written with much facillitie, but more commen- 
 dabiy perchance if they had not written so much nor 
 so popularly. But last in recitall and first in degree is 
 the Queene our soueralgne Ladic, whose learned, 
 delicate, noble Muse, easilie surmounteth all the rest 
 that haue written before her time or since, for sence, 
 sweetness, and subtilltie, be it in Ode, Elegie, Epi- 
 gram, or any other kind of poeme Heroick or Lyricke, 
 wherein it shall please her Majestie to employe her 
 penne, euen by as much oddes as her owne excellent 
 
 estate. 
 
349 
 
 estate and degree exceedeth all the rest of her most 
 humble vassals."* 
 
 O. G. G. 
 [To be coiitinued.] 
 
 Art. V. A Discourse of English Poetrie: together 
 with the Aiithor^s Judgment tovching the refor- 
 mation of our English verse. By IVilliam JVebl'e, 
 Graduate. Imprinted at London ly John Chafle- 
 wood. 4^0. 1586. ' 
 
 A full account of this book, of which, for the sake 
 of juxta position, I here insert the title, may be found 
 in Oldys's " British Librarian," p. 86. 
 
 Art. VI. The Six Bookes of a Common-Weale, 
 Written ly J. Bodin, a famous Lawyer, and a man 
 of great experience in matters of State. Out of the 
 French and Latine copies, done into English, ly 
 Richard Knolles. London, Impensis O, Bishop, 
 1606. Imprinted ly Adam Islip. Fol. pp. 794. 
 
 Dedication by Knolles. 
 
 To my most especiall good friend. Sir Peter Man- 
 wood, Knight of the Honourable Order of the Bath, 
 
 " Sir, 
 " Gathering matter to continue the lives of the 
 Turkish Emperours, but finding nothing hetherto 
 worthy the writing, more than matters common : such 
 
 * Oldys's account of this book, extracted from the notes to his Life of 
 Rakigh, is inserted in the new edition of the Theatrura Poetarum, p. 310. 
 
 A A 3 having 
 
350 
 
 having been the policies of latler times, as to keepe 
 secret the reasons and certain knowlege of the doings 
 of great estates, that if some of the most wise, mighticj 
 and honorable, sitting at the helmes of Commonweales, 
 doe not shew the way, posteritie will be defrauded of 
 the most excellent things that many ages have before 
 brought forth : and yet succeeding times shall bring to 
 liffht so much as God in his owne time seeth best for 
 the good of the Christian Commonwealth. The Sara- 
 sin Historic also not to be performed without the light 
 of their own Chronicles, and the stories of many other 
 countries by them conquered and possessed ; a more 
 famous and mightie people, and of longer continuance 
 than the Turkes, and the first planters, spreaders, and 
 . maintainers of the Mahometane religion : besides the 
 difficulty of the labour to so weake a body, apace de- 
 clining, wanting all comfort and helpe but your owne, 
 by the experience of so many yeares spent in the for- 
 mer (and the beginning of this, which you have so 
 long since scene) I doubt (if it please God I live to 
 performe it) I must write it shortly, as I did the gene- 
 ral! Historic to my Lives, In the mean time having 
 had some leisure, and loath to bestow good houres evill, 
 I thought good to translate these six bookes of Bodin 
 his Commonwealth, which I here commend unto you. 
 But Sir, my most worthy and only friend, if beside the 
 divers formes of Commonweales, and such other wor- 
 thie matter, as Is here by the author set downe, you 
 wish also to see by what lawes and customs they have 
 been also governed, a thing infinite ; I instead of all 
 referre you unto the reading of the Common Law of 
 this realme, which without all doubt in the auntient 
 puritie tUcn-eof, for religious sinceritie, wisdom, power. 
 
351 
 
 and equall upright justice, excelleth all the laws of 
 tncn that ever yet were, and a knowledge best be- 
 seeming the noble gentrie of this land. To make an 
 end, the whole labours of my life have been and ever 
 shall be comfortable to me when they please you, to 
 whom I have wholly dedicated myselfe. The Lord in 
 his oreat mercy ever kccpe you and all yours. From 
 Sandwich, this iSihday of December 1605. 
 
 *' Yours ever to be conrmaunded. 
 
 Rich. Knolles." 
 
 I transcribe this dedication, because so little Is 
 known of the writer, of whose History of the Turks 
 Johnson spealcs highly in his Rambler. Knolles was 
 a clergyman and schoolmaster at Sandwich, in Kent, 
 from which town sprung the cetebrated lawyer Sir 
 Roger Manwood, father of Sir Peter. 
 
 As to the subject of this work, the Translator in his 
 Address to the Reader, says, ^' Long and many yeares 
 agoe Plato, Xenophon, and Aristotle, and in thememo- 
 rie of our fathers Sir Thomas Moore, (sometimes 
 Lord Chauncellour of this land) all men of great fame 
 and learning, and besides them not many moe, whose 
 works in the space of 2000 years ever came to lioht, 
 tookc this so noble and weightie an argument in hand : 
 which they yet so passed through, Aristotle only ex- 
 cepted, as that in their most grave and learned dis- 
 courses is to be scene a certaine imaginarie forme of a 
 perfect commonweale, by themselves diversly fantasied, 
 such as indeed never was, either yet ever shall be, 
 rather than any true shape or fashion of such a perfect 
 estate and commonweale, as hath indeed been, or yet 
 reasonably may be set downc for an example for others 
 A A 4 to 
 
3S^ 
 
 to imitate and conforme themselves unto. So that ac- 
 cording to these great and learned mens high and 
 statelie conceits, was never yet any commonwcale 
 framed, neither yet any great matter from their so 
 absolute imaginations drawn, for the behoofe and 
 profit of such estates and commonweales as have in- 
 deed since been, and wherein we now live. Which I 
 say not in any thing to impaire or deminish the fame 
 and credite of these so renowned and excellent men, 
 whose mcmoriall live for ever, but onely that the strong 
 opinion conceived ol the great knowledge of them, so 
 grave and learned auntients, and especially in matters 
 of state, wherein they as schoolemen had but little or 
 no experience, might not be altogether prejudicial! 
 imto the honourable and reasonable endevors of some 
 others of our lime, no lesse, yea and happily better, 
 acquainted with the studies and affaires of estates and 
 commonweales than they were. For if the true value 
 of things bee to be deemed by the necessarie and pro- 
 fitable use thereof, I see not what should let, but that 
 the six bookes of lo. Bodin De Repub. wherein hee, 
 being himselfc a most famous civilian, and a man 
 much employed in the publicke affaires both of his 
 Prince and countrey, so orderly and exactly prose- 
 cuteth all formes and fashions of commonweales, with 
 the good and evill, the perfections and imperfections 
 incident unto the same, and many other matters and 
 questions most necessarie to be knowne for the main- 
 tenance and preservation of them, may well be com- 
 pared, yea and happily not without cause also preferred 
 before any of them, which have as yet taken that so 
 great an argument upon them. Which bookes by him 
 for the common good of his native countrey onely, 
 
 first 
 
553 
 
 first written in French, (and seven times printed in 
 three yeares space, a thing not common) at such lime 
 as that mightie kingdom began now after the long and 
 bloodie civile warres againe to take breath, were by 
 him afterwardes for the publicke benefit of the rest of 
 the Christian kingdomes and commonweales turned 
 into Latine also : which to doe he was the rather 
 mooved, for that, as hee himselfe sayth, at the time of 
 his employment here in England, he certainly under- 
 stood one Olybius a Frenchman, privately in noble 
 men's houses in London, and another likewise in the 
 University at Cambridge, with great obscuritie and 
 difficultie there to interprete those his bookes of a com- 
 monweale, then written but in French onely: which 
 was as much as in him lay to make the same common 
 imto all men, the chiefe scope and drift of him in the 
 whole worke being to make the subjects obedient unto 
 the magistrates, the magistrates unto the princes, and 
 the princes unto the lawes of God and Nature. Which 
 his so good and Christian an intent and purpose in 
 some part to further, I out of French and Latine 
 copies have into our owne vulgar translated that thou 
 seest: seeking therein the true sense and meaning of 
 the author, rather than precisely following the strict 
 rules of a nice translator." 
 
 Art. VIL Collins's Odes, Descriptive and Alle- 
 gorical. 174(5. 
 
 Nothing seems more unaccountable than the caprice 
 of public taste. The poems of Collins, of which such 
 numerous impressions in every splendid, as well as 
 
 every 
 
a54 
 
 <;very cheap form, have lately found a sale, were re- 
 ceived with such coldness on their first publication, 
 that the unhappy and disappointed author in a fit of 
 Jiisgust and indignation burned the greater part of the 
 copies with his own hand. Yet this was the man, of 
 the felicity of whose genius Langhorne speaks as ap- 
 proaching to inspiration, in a passage to which Mr. 
 Roscoe has lately given a sanction, by citing it in his 
 preface to the life of Leo X. 
 
 In what strange torpor v/ere the fancy, the feelings, 
 and the taste of the nation buried, when they could 
 receive with indifference the Ode on the Passions, and 
 the Odes to Fear, and to Evening 1 But these per- 
 haps are too abstract for the multitude, who cannot ad- 
 mire thcni till long established authority supersedes 
 their own judgments. So it was even with Milton, 
 whose early compositions, the Lycidas, L' Allegro, 
 and II Penseroso, the very essence of poetry, were little 
 noticed by his cotemporarles, while the vile doggrel of 
 such wretched rhymers a.s Cleveland and Brome, and 
 others of the same stamp, was universally praised a»d 
 admired. 
 
 Collins is a proof, that he who gives up the reins to 
 his fancy may aet injuriously to his own happiness ; 
 but who can deny that he stands the best chance of at- 
 taining the mantle of a poet? " To repose by Elysian 
 waterfalls," and range be\'ond the dull scenes of reality, 
 may render the sensations too acute for intercourse 
 • with the rude manners of the world, and too much 
 enervate the heart, which is doomed to encounter diffi- 
 culties, neglect, and calumny. But in what other 
 temperament can the productions of genius be formed ? 
 Can the dull rcasoncr, the ready v/it, the happy adept 
 
 hi 
 
oaf 
 
 in familiar manners, the quick observer of what is 
 riciiculous in daily life, be qualified to rise to those 
 *' strains of a higher tone" which only deserve the 
 name of poetry? 
 
 I have lieard that genuine poetry is calculated for 
 universal taste; an opinion which Johnson seemed to 
 have entertained. The idea appears to me strangely er- 
 roneous. The seeds of taste must be sown by Nature : 
 but they will never arrive at maturity without high 
 cultivation. Such is the case in all the arts : carry a 
 person of uncultivated mind successively into rooms 
 where are exhibited the worst daubs of modern painters, 
 and the finest ancient specimens of the art; and he 
 will uniformly prefer the unchaste glare of the former. 
 So it is with the untutored taste in poetry. And as the 
 Flemish school of pictures is always the favourite with 
 the mob, so are Hudibras and Swift more congenial to 
 them than Spenser, and Milton, and Collins. 
 
 But there are those, whose original lowness of spirit, 
 no education, no birth, or acquirements, or rank can 
 elevate. Lord Chesterfield said that when he read 
 Milton he always took snuff; and while he recom- 
 mended to his son the vulgar points of Martial, he 
 condemned the touching simplicity of the Greek epi- 
 grams to his supreme contempt. On a mind so con- 
 stituted it is unnecessary to remark. A better style of 
 poetry has now received the countenance of the public; 
 and as long as Cowper, and Burns, and Beattie receive 
 the public applause, genius will not be without " the 
 fostering dew of praise." ^ / /A-^^ 
 
 Art 
 
35^ 
 
 Art. VITI. History of the ancient Earls of Warren 
 and Surry, and their descendants to the present 
 time. By the Rev. John IVatson^ M. A. F. A. S> 
 and Rector of Stockport in Cheshire. 
 
 His name shall live from generation to generation. 
 
 Eccius. xxxix. 9. 
 
 tVarrington, printed ly William Eyres, i^'/^t 4'o. 
 
 PP' 437- 
 
 . . .. J^ 
 
 This was the original edition of Jjr. "Watson's His- 
 tory mentioned in No. I and II. of which only six 
 copies were printed, probably for the purpose of cir- 
 culating them for corrections and additions. One 
 copy, formerly Mr. Astle's, is in the Library of the 
 Royal Institution, with the MS. notes of the compiler. 
 
 Art. IX. A perfect Collection or Catalogue of all 
 Knights ^atchelanrs made ly King James since 
 his connning to the Crown of England. Faith- 
 fully extracted out of the Records ly J. P. Esq. 
 Somerset Herald, a devout servant of the Royal 
 Line. 
 
 Cicero ad Atticum. Honor quid nisi Virtus cognita. 
 London, printed for Humphrey Moseley, and are 
 to le sold at^ his shop at the Prince's Armes in 
 S. Pauls Churchyard, 1660, 8f 0. pp, 94. Dedicated 
 to Sir Edivard Nicholas. 
 
 This work has already been mentioned in No*- III. 
 John Philipot the author died in 1645. 
 
 It 
 
3S7 
 
 It seems by this Catalogue, that King James made 
 2323 Knights, of whom 900 were made the first year. 
 " If" says the Editor, " you observe the history of 
 those days, you will find many knighted, who, in the 
 time of the late Queen, had shewed small affection to 
 that king of peace. But he was wise, and best knew 
 how to make up a breach." There is a copy of this in 
 the Library of the Royal Institution, which was for- 
 merly Oldys's, 
 
 Art. X. Virorum Doctorum de DiscipUnis Bene- 
 merentium effigies XLIIIL A Phillippo Galleo 
 AntwerpicE, 1572. fol. 
 
 Having given an account, in my last Number, of 
 Holland's Heroologia, I insert in this place the above 
 work of a similar nature; though perhaps not strictly 
 within my plan. It contains no lives like Holland: 
 but two Latin distichs at the bottom of each portrait. 
 At the commencement is an advertisement in two 
 pages, entitled *' Philippus Gallseus Pictor et Chal- 
 cographus Bonarum Artium Amatoribus," dated 
 " Antwerpiffi VL Kal. Mart. 1573/' Of the distichs 
 he says '' Singulorum quos nunc exhibemus elogia, 
 Benedictus Arias Montanus, (qui disciplinarum om- 
 nium, et nostrarum etiam artium, pictures et sculpture 
 peritos plurimum diligit) binis distichis artificiose com- 
 plexus est, qu£e non minus varietate et elegantia, 
 quam veritate laudum lectores juvabunt." 
 
 The portraits are i. ^iEneas Silvius. 2. Abrahamus 
 Ortelius. 3. Andreas Alciatus. 4. AndreaS Vesa- 
 lius. 5. Angelus Politianus. 6, Ben. Arius Mon- 
 tanus, 
 
358 
 
 tamrs. 7. EiliLaldiis Pirchcymer. 8. Christophor 
 Plantinus. 9. Clemens Marotus. 10. Cornelius 
 Gemma. 11. Cornelius Grapheus. 12. Dantes Ali- 
 gerius. 13. Erasmus Roterod. 14. Fransciscus Pe~ 
 trarcha. 15, Gemma Frisius. 16. Georgius Macro- 
 pedius. 17. Gilbertus Limbufgus. 18. Guilielmus 
 Budceifs. 19. Guilielmus Philander. 20. Hadrianus 
 Junius. 21. Hadrianus Trajectensis. 22. Hieronymus 
 Savonarola. 23. Jacobus Latomus. 24. Jorichimus 
 Camerarius. 25. Joannes Bapt. Gellius. 26. Joan- 
 nes Becanus. 27. Joannes Bocatlus. 28. Joannes 
 Dousa. 29. Joannes Fischerus. 30. Joannes Sam- 
 bucns. 31. Joannes Sartorius. 32. LudoTicus 
 Vives. 3':;. Marsilius Ficlnus. 34. NicoUuis Tar- 
 lao-lla. 35. Pet. Andreas Mathiolus. 36. Petrus 
 Apianus. 37. Petrus Bembus. 38. Rembertus Do- 
 donreus. 39. Rodolphus Agricola. 40. Ruardus 
 Tapperus. 41. Stanislaus Hosius. 42. Theodorus 
 Pulmannus. 43. Thomas Morus. 44, Wolfgangus 
 Lazius. 
 
 This book is scarce. In the copy I have seen there 
 is bound with it '^ Doctorum aliquot Virorum Y'lvss 
 Effigies. Joos de Bosscher excudebat," which contains 
 forty portraits, of which some of the subjects are the 
 same as those in the former work. 
 
 Ap.t. XI. ^ Description of the JVestern Islands of 
 Scotland : containing a full account of their situa- 
 tion, extent, soil, product, harbours, lays, tides, 
 anchoring places, and fsheries. The a?icient and 
 modern^governmeiit, religion, and customs of the 
 inhabitants, particularhj of their Druids, Heathen 
 
 temples y 
 
359 
 
 temples, monasteries, churches, chapels, antiqut^ 
 ties, monuments, forts, caves, and other curi- 
 osities of art and nature; of their admirable 
 and expeditious ivay of curing most diseases hy sim- 
 ples of their own product. A particular account of 
 the SECOND SIGHT, or faculty of foreseeiiig. 
 things to come ly ivay of vision so common among 
 them. A brief hint of methods to improve trade 
 in that country loth ly sea and land; luith a new 
 map of the whole, describing the harbours, anchor- 
 ing places and dangerous rocks, for the benefit of 
 sailors. To which is added, a brief description of 
 the Isles of Orkney and Shetland. By M. Martin, 
 Gent. Printed for A. Bell, at the Cross Keys 
 and Bible in Cornhill, near Stocks-market , 1703. 
 8ro. p. 392, besides the dedication, preface, and 
 contents. 
 
 This is the book which, having been put into the 
 hands of Dr. Johnson when very young by his father,* 
 is supposed to have infused into him the first desire 
 of visiting the Hebrides, of which he has given so in- 
 teresting and luminous an account. 
 
 The following abstract of this book is copied from 
 the '' History of the Works of the Learned, for Au- 
 gust and September 1703, Vol, V. p. 470. f &c. 
 
 * Boswell's Life of Johnson, I. 414. 
 •)- " The History of the Works of the I.earnsd ; cr, ?.n impartial ac- 
 count of books lately printed in all parts of Europe. With a particular re- 
 lation of the state of learning in each country. Vol. V. to be continued 
 monthly. London, printed for H. Rhodes, at the Star near Fleet-bridge j 
 T. Bennet at the Half Moon in St. Paul's Churchyard j A. Bell at tlie 
 Cross Keys in Cornhill j D. Midwinter, and T. Leigh at the Rose and 
 Crown in St. Paul's Churchyard, 1703. 410." 
 
 "Thsj 
 
^60 
 
 *' The author of this book is a native of Skie, which 
 is the most considerable of all the islands here described. 
 Some years ago he obliged the public with a descrip- 
 tion of St. Kilda, * or Hirta, the westernmost of all the 
 Scots Isles ; which account of his was very agreeable 
 to the curious; especially to such as have any true 
 taste for natural and experimental philosophy. The 
 natural history of these islands is what he chiefly aims 
 at in the following treatise. He is very particular in 
 the nature of the climate and soil, of the produce of 
 the places by sea and land, and of the variety of re- 
 markable cures performed by the natives, merely by 
 the use of simples ; nor does he omit their religion, 
 customs, and government, and the materials and ad- 
 vantages, which most of them have for encouraging a 
 trade by sea and land. He has taken a particular care 
 to describe the harbours and bays, and the dangerous 
 shelves and rocks that lie about those islands ; which, 
 together with the new and exact map he has added to 
 the book, makes it of very great use to sailors. Those, 
 who delight in antiquities, will here also find an enter- 
 tainment suited to their genius, in his description of 
 the ancient forts, monuments, &c, in those islands. 
 
 '' Mr. Martin takes notice, that he is the first native, , 
 who ever attempted the description of this country, 
 which is the reason why all the accounts we have 
 hitherto had of it, have been very lame and defective. 
 Most of these islands are so little frequented by any 
 but their own natives, and their language is under- 
 stood by so few, who were capable and willing to take 
 a description of them, that we may justly look upon 
 
 * Voyage to St. Kilda, Lond. 1698, 8vc 
 
 the 
 
^6i 
 
 the following treatise to be a description of a coualry 
 hitherto in a great measure unknown ; and consider- 
 ing the interest that the inhabitants of these kingdoms 
 have in it, and the advantages which by a due im- 
 provement they may reap from it, there is no reason, 
 to be assigned why it may not be as acceptable aS 
 some of those modern voyages which have made so 
 great a noise in the world. It will appear by the fol- 
 lowing description, that those islands contain a large 
 extent of ground, and that they are also very consider- 
 able for the number of their inhabitants; so that the 
 subject is not so contemptible as people are apt to 
 think at first. But to be more particular. 
 
 ** Our author begins with the description of the island 
 called Lewis, from a corrupt pronunciation of the Irish 
 Leog, that signifies lakes, with which that island 
 abounds. It is the utmost tract of land to the north- 
 west of Scotland, is from south to north lOO miles in 
 length; and from east to west, from three to fourteeix 
 in breadth. It is divided principally into two parts, 
 the one called Lewis, and the other Harries. The air 
 is temperately cold and moist, and the inhabitants 
 use usquebaugh for a corrective. A great part of the 
 coast of this island is arable, so that it abounds with 
 corn. The soil is generally sandy, except in the 
 heaths, which in some places is black, and in others 
 affords a fine red clay, fit for the potter's use, and of 
 which the natives make many vessels. They dig their 
 corn-ground with spades, and cover it with sea-ware, 
 which they say produces a greater increase than by 
 ploughing; and thus they employ 500 of their inhabit- 
 ants every day for some months. When they sow 
 their ground, they use a harrow with wooden teeth in 
 B B the 
 
^6z 
 
 ihe first and second rows, and rough heath in the thii(^ 
 vow, which smooths it; and this harrow is drawn by 
 a man with a strong rope across his breast. Some of 
 them lattcn their ground with soot, but ihe corn of this 
 ground is said to occasion the jaundice; and they 
 observe that the corn of any of their ground, after first 
 tiUing, is apt to occasion the bead-ache and vomiting, 
 when made into bread or ale. They make a liquar 
 of oats here, called usqucbaugh-baul, which is four 
 times distilled, and so very strong that two spoonfuls 
 of it is a sufficient dose ; and if any man exceeds that, 
 it endangers his life. 
 
 '^Mr. Martin tells us of several good harbours in this 
 island, and particularly of Loch-Carlvay, which, 
 though little known or frequented, is a convenient 
 harbour for ships of the first rate. The coasts arid 
 bays of this island abound in fair weather, with cod, 
 ling, herrings, and all other sorts of fish taken in the 
 Western islands. There is plenty of cod and ling of a 
 very Irge size near Loch Carlvay ; but the fishing 
 there is much interrupted by whales, though the natives 
 employ many boats together in pursuit of them; their 
 way is to chase them up mto bavs, till they wound onQ 
 o-f them mortallv, and then it runs ashore; and thus 
 many of them are killed. About five years ago there 
 were fifty young ones killed in this manner, and most 
 of them eaten by the common people, who called them 
 sea-pork, and find them to be very good food; some 
 thin and meagre people became fat and plump in a 
 week's tirneby eatingthem. They observe that thebigger 
 whales are more purgative than the lesser, and that 
 the lesser are better nourishment. There is great plenty 
 iji shell-fish, such as clams, oysters, cockles, muscles, 
 
 limpits, 
 
3^3 
 
 limpits, wllks, and spout-fish in the bays here. Therfe 
 IS such a prodigious quantity of the latter, cast out of 
 the sand of Loghtua, that the inhabitants are not able 
 to consume them, either by eating or fattening: their 
 ground with them. 
 
 " The bays and coasts of this island afford great 
 quantities of small coral and coraline ; the coral does 
 not exceed six inches in length, and is about the 
 bigness of a goose's quill. The fresh-water lakes in 
 this island abound in trouts and eels; the common 
 bait for them is earth-worms ; but parboiled muscles 
 attract them best; and the propcrest season for 
 catching them is, when the wind blows from the 
 south-west. The rivers on each side this island abound 
 with salmon and black muscles, and pearl is many 
 times found in the latter. The natives about the river 
 Barvas have a foolish opinion, that if a female cross 
 that river first on the first day of May, it hinders the 
 salmon froni coming into that river; and therefore take, 
 care that a male shall pass it very early that morning. 
 There are several fountains here noted for their par- 
 ticular qualities, as follows; there h one at Loch-Carl- 
 vay that will not whiten linen; there is one at St. 
 Cowsten's church that will not boil any meat, though 
 kept on a fire a whole day; and St. Andrew's well in 
 the village Shadar is made a test by the natives to 
 know if a sick person will die of the present distemper, 
 ^\'hich they try thus : they send one with vl wooden 
 dish for some of th« water to the patient, and if the 
 dish, when laid softly upon the surface of the water, 
 turn round sun-ways, they conclude he will recover; 
 but if otherwise, that he will die. 
 
 " There are many caves on the coast of this island, 
 B B a which; 
 
5^4 
 
 whlcli abound with oltjrs, seals, and sea-fowl; and 
 there is a cave in Loch-Grace, which distills water 
 from the top, that petrifies in the bottom. There are 
 several natural and artificial forts on the coasts j most 
 of the latter are composed of large stones, are of a 
 round form, arvd made taper-wise towards the top : 
 they are commonly about three stories high, have a 
 double wall, and the passage commonly goes round 
 the wall. Several of these forts are built on heaths 
 at a considerable distance from any stony ground j 
 and they have many times great heaps of stones, com- 
 monly called cairns, erected on the heaths, so that 
 one would wonder from whence thev could jriithei? 
 them. There are hkewlse many single stones erected 
 in this island, particularly one in the parish of 
 Barvas, called the Thrushel-stonc, wliich is twenty feet 
 high, and near as much in breadth. It is supposed 
 ihcy were set up as monuments for persons of note 
 killed in battle. 
 
 " At the village of Classerniss there are thirty-nine 
 stones thus erected, being six of seven feet high, and 
 two in breadth each ; they are placed in form of an 
 avenue of eight feet broad, and the distance betwixt 
 each stone is six ; there is one stone erected at the 
 entrance of this avenue; and at the south-end of it 
 there is a circle of tvi/elve stones of the same distance 
 and height v.ith the otlier thirty-nine, and in the centre; 
 of this circle there is one stone of thirteen feet high, 
 shaped Hke the rudder of a ship ; without this circley 
 there are four stones of the same height and distance on 
 the east, west, and south sides. The inhabitants say 
 this was a heathen temple, and that the chief druid or 
 priest stood near the big stone in -the centre from 
 
 whence 
 
3^5 
 
 whence he addressed himself to the people that sur- 
 rounded him. Of this temple our author has given 
 us a description in a copper plate. 
 
 '^^He observes that horses are considerably less here, 
 than in the neighbouring continent, yet perform the 
 husbandman's labour as well as those of a larger size, 
 though in the spring they have nothing to feed upon, 
 but sea-ware. He tells of a chase here fifteen miles in 
 compass, where there are abundance of deer, which 
 feed ^Iso upon sea-ware vvhen the frost and snow con- 
 tinues long. There is a small nimiber of birch and 
 hazlc trees on the S. W. side of Loch-Stornway ; but 
 no more wood in the whole island, which is chargeable 
 on the neglect of the inhabitants ; for that the soil is 
 capable of producing them is evident fiom those trees 
 above-men tioiied, and from the roots of great trees that 
 our author saw at the head of Loch-Erisport. There 
 is abundance of sea and land fowl in this island, and 
 their amphibiie are seals and otters ; the seals are eaten 
 by the vulgar, v.'ho find them as nourishing as beef and 
 mutton. 
 
 ^'The inhabitants are well-proportioned, of a good 
 stature, free from bodily imperfections; and several of 
 them arrive to a great age. They are generally of a 
 sanguine constitution, and their hair commonly of a 
 light brown or red, and but few of them black. They 
 are seldom troubled with epidemical distempers, except 
 the small nox ; and that too but Seldom ; but it com- 
 monly sweeps off abundance of young people. Their 
 common cure for removing fevers and pleurisies, is to 
 let blood plentifully; against the diarrhea, and dysen- 
 leria, they powder the kernel of black malucca beans, 
 and drink it with boiled milk with good succc^'s. 
 B B 3 Against 
 
366 
 
 Against the cough they drink oatmeal and water boiled 
 together when they go to bed, and sometimes add a 
 little butter to it. This disposes them to sleep and 
 sweat, and is very diuretic, if there be no salt in it. 
 They likewise boil the roots of nettles and reeds in 
 water, and add yeast to it to make it ferment; and 
 this they find likewise to be beneficial against the 
 couo^h. The falling down of the uvula they cure in 
 this mariner; they take a long quill, and putting a 
 horse's hair double into it, make a noose at the end of 
 the quill, and putting it about the lower end of the 
 uvula, they cut off all that part of the uvula below the 
 hair with a pair of scissars ; and then the patient swal- 
 lows a little bread and cheese, which completes the 
 cure without any inconvenience, so as the distemper 
 never returns. They cure green wounds with oint- 
 ment made of golden rod, alUheal, and fresh butter. 
 They have two ways»of curing the jaundice; the one 
 by laying the patient on his face, as if they would look 
 upon his back bones, and presently pour a pailful of 
 told water on his bare back; and this has often the 
 desired success ; the other way is by imdressing the 
 patient, and touching his vertebrce with the red hot 
 tongs, which makes him run about furiously, till the 
 pain abates, which happens very speedily, and the 
 patient recovers soon after. 
 
 "The natives are generally of a quick apprehension, 
 have a mechanical genius, are inclinable to poesy and 
 anusick; and many of them play on the violin pretty 
 well, without any instructor. The men are dexterous 
 in swimming, archerv, and vaulting; many of them 
 are stout and able seamen, and will tug at the oar all 
 
 day 
 
d>^7 
 
 day long upon brea4 and water, and a snuff of- to? 
 bacco. 
 
 "Having finished his description of Lewis, he conges 
 to that of ihe inferior adjacent islands. His account 
 of the superstitious customs and devotion of the in- 
 habitants of Lewis, when they go to the Flannan 
 islands, once a year, for eggs, fowls, down, feathers, 
 and quills, is a great argument »f the people's religious 
 temper; but at the same time is an evident proof of 
 their gross ignorance and want of instruction, which 
 the proprietors, and those who have the government of 
 church and state, are particularly concerned to remedy. 
 His descriptioE of Rona is very observable. This is 
 that island, of which the famous Buchanan saysj^ 
 * That the inhabitants are perhaps the only people of 
 the world, who never want any thing, and abound with 
 all things that they think necessary, being equally ig- 
 norant of luxury and avarice, and who possess that in- 
 nocence of life, and tranquillity of mind through their 
 ignorance of vice, that other people of the world cannot 
 attain to by great industry and plenty of good instruc- 
 tions j so that they seem to w;.nt nothing to make 
 them completely happy, but that they know not their 
 ■own happiness.' 
 
 " He adds, that the proprietor who was one of the 
 proprietors of Lewis, limited the number of families 
 that should inhabit it ; and assigned them their num- 
 bers of great and small cattle, upon which they might 
 live commodiously, and pay him his tribute; and all 
 the rest, and also the increase of their people, they 
 sent to him. Mr. Martin informs us, ihat this island 
 js but a mile in length, and half a mile in breadth, and 
 the inhabitants made but five families. The minister 
 
 B B 4 of 
 
368 
 
 of Barvas in Lewis, to whose parish they belong, and 
 to whom the island is assigned as part of his benefice, 
 used to visit them once a year. Mr. Daniel Morri- 
 son, who was his acquaintance and minister of the 
 place, gave him this account of his first reception there : 
 upon his landing they received him very affectionately 
 and saluted him thus: 'God save you, pilgritu; 
 you are heartily welcome ; we have had repeated appa- 
 ritions of your person among us, by way of the Second 
 Sight, and v.c heartily congratulate \^our arrival in 
 this our remote country.' They expressed their esteem 
 for him by making a turn round him sunways; and 
 when he advised them to forbear that custom, they 
 v/ere surprised, said it was due to his character, and 
 therefore they would not fail to perform it. There 
 were three inclosures betwixt the landing place and the 
 village; and as he entered each of them, the inhabit- 
 ants took him severally by the hand and bid him wel- 
 come. '^When he came to the house prepared for him, 
 he had a bundle of straw for his seat ; and after some 
 general discourse, they went to their respective dwel- 
 lings, and killed a sheep for each family; and flead the 
 skins off, so as they were entire and in form like a 
 sack ; and these being filled with barley ujeal, they 
 brought him as a present ; and one of them speakino" 
 in name of the rest, said: * Traveller, we are very 
 sensible of your favour in coming so far to instruct us 
 in our way to happiness, and in venturing yourself on 
 the great ocean; pray be pleased to accept of this 
 small present, which we humbly offer as an expression 
 of our sincere love.' They also presented his man 
 with some pecks of meal, as being hkewise a traveller; 
 
 but 
 
3% 
 
 but the boat's crew having been there before, they ^ve 
 them only their daily maintenance. 
 
 ^' They had a chapel dedicated to St. Ronan, and on 
 the altar a plank of wood about ten feet long, and at 
 the distance of every foot a hole, and in each hole a 
 stone, to which the natives ascribe several virtues; 
 and one of them they think promotes speedily delivery 
 to women in travail. In this chapel they repeat the 
 Lord's Prayer, the Creed, and Ten Commandments 
 every Sunday morning. They know not the use of 
 money, but barter for such little things as thev want, 
 when any vessel arrives there. Their houses a-e built 
 with stone, and tilatched with straw. They take their 
 surnames from the colour of the sky, rainbow and 
 clouds. When any of them com.e to the isle of Lewis, 
 which is seldom, because they lie at twenty leagues 
 distance, they are astonished to see so many people. 
 They admire greyhounds very much, and love tohave 
 them in their company. They wonder when they see 
 a horse; and one of them hearing a horse neiffh, 
 asked if he laughed. One of them being in a house of 
 several stories, and hearing the people walk over his 
 head, he thought the house had been falling, and was 
 in a mighty consternation. When Mr. Morrison was 
 there, two young men courted one voung woman, who 
 was the only unmarried female in the island; and 
 when she was married to the one, the other thought 
 his loss irreparable. Soon after they were married, 
 jMr. Morrison saikd from the island ; but beino; driven 
 back again by contrary wind, the young man, who was 
 thus disappointed, came very chearfuliv to Mr. Mor- 
 rison, and told him he thanked God and St. Ronan, 
 who had brought him back, for he hoped he would 
 
 allow 
 
3/Q 
 
 ullow his expedient; which was, that he might enjoy 
 the woman year about with the other man, so that he 
 might also have issue ; for they think it a great mis- 
 fortune to die without ofl'spring. The minister 
 checked him for his folly, and told him it could not be 
 granted, but promised to bring him a wife next year. 
 Another of lliem, who wanted a wife, offered a shilling 
 to Mr. Morrison, to send him one from Lewis. This 
 shilling he had gotten from a seaman that landed 
 there, and the poor fellow thought it was a thing of 
 extraordinary value. About fourteen years ago, a 
 swarm of rats, but none kiKMiM hovv^ came to this 
 island, and in a short time cat up ,'^'! theit corn. In 
 a few months after some seamen landed th^jre, who 
 robbed the inhabitants of their black cattle; wliieh 
 misfortunes, with the want of supply from Lewis for 
 the space of a year, occasioned the death of all that 
 ancient race of people. Some years after the minister 
 to whom the island belongcth, sent a new colony 
 thither with suitable gupplies, of whose success our 
 author can give no account. It was an observation in 
 this island, that the cuccow was never heard or seen 
 there, but after the death of their minister, or of the 
 Earl of Seaforth, their proprietor. 
 
 *^ Mr. Martin observes of the Isle of Slant, as he 
 docs of several of the other isles, that there is a couple 
 of eagles build there, who suffer no other of the kind 
 to come into the Island, and drive away their own 
 young as soon as they are able to fly ; and that they 
 never kill any lambs or sheep in their own island, 
 though the bones of both are found near their nests; 
 and the nearest of the 'other islands is a league dis- 
 tant. 
 
 « The 
 
" The Inhabitants of Lewis had an ancient idolatrous 
 custom to sacrifice at Allhallowtide to a sea god 
 they called Shony, In the following manner: thejt 
 came to the church of St. Mulvay, each man with his 
 provisions, and every family with a peck of malt ; this 
 being brewed into ale, one of their number was ap- 
 pointed in the night time to wade into the sea up to 
 the middle, with a cup of ale in his hand, and stand- 
 ing still in that posture, cried out with a loud voice, 
 Shony, I gite you this cup of ale, hoping that you 
 will be so kind as to send us plenty of sea- ware to en- 
 rich our ground the ensuing year, and so threw it into 
 the sea. At his return to land they all went to church, 
 where there was a candje burning upon the altar 3 artd 
 then standing silent for a time, one of them gave a sig- 
 nal, at which the candle was put out; and then they 
 went into the fields, where they drank (heir ale, and 
 spent the remainder of the nioht in dancino;, &c. 
 Next morning they returned home, being well satis- 
 fied that they had punctual!) observed this solemn an- 
 niversary, which they believed would procure them a 
 plentiful crop. The ministers had much ado before 
 they could persuade the natives to abandon this ridicu- 
 lous practice, which has been quite aboliahed for above, 
 thirty years past. 
 
 '^ The inhabitants of Lewis are all protestants ex- 
 cept one family : about fourteen years a^o, three or 
 four fishermen were perverted, and applied themselves 
 to a priest for some holy water to sprinkle unor their 
 nets, which they had taught them was ai infa'lible 
 means to procure them plenty of herring; aid having 
 obtained it, they set their nets with joy, anc returned 
 %o draw them next morning full of expectation, but 
 
 found 
 
372 
 
 found them lost, whereas those of their protestant 
 neighbours were safe and full; which exposed the 
 priest aiid his proselytes to no small derision. 
 
 ** Mr. Martin comes in the next place to oive us a 
 description of the Isle of Harries, which is about 
 twenty-four miles long, and four, five, and six broad. 
 The soil is more fruitful than that of Lewis, and pro- 
 duces a greater quantity of corn. The air is tem- 
 perately cold, and the natives qualify it i)y a dose of 
 ^aua. vitze, or brandy ; br.t make no use of usquebah. 
 There is a good harbour here called Glass by seamen, 
 and Scalpa by the natives. It is a mile and an half 
 long, and a mile broad. Within the isle there is a 
 lake called Loch Tarbat, which has several small isle$ 
 in if, and is sometimes frequented by herrings. With- 
 out this loch there is plenty of cod, ling, and large 
 eels. There is a fresh water lake at the entrance of the 
 island, to which the sea has access at spring tides; it 
 abounds with oysters and several other sorts of fish. 
 There are many fresh vi'atcr lakes in this islan/d well 
 stored with trouts, eels, and salmon. Each lake has a 
 river running from it to the sea, from whence the sal- 
 mon comes in the beginning of May, and sooner if the 
 season be warm. There are abundance of excellent 
 springs, which issue from the mountains of thisisland, 
 and there is one lately discovered near Marvag, very 
 good for speedily restoring lost appetite ; there is 
 another near the village Bowe, very good against col- 
 lick, stitchcs,and gravel. There are several caves in the 
 mountains, and on each side the coast, and one particu- 
 larly in the Hill Ulweal, capable of holding fifty men, 
 and may be defended by one man against a thousand, 
 with a cane only in his hand, for it is accessible only 
 6 to 
 
s;3 
 
 to one at a time, and by the least touch he may throve 
 them down over the rock as they cUmb up. There are 
 two wells in this cave, and one of tlrem they say of so 
 extraordinary a nature, that if a dog drink of it, it im- 
 mediately runs dry for some time. 
 
 " There arc wild goats in this island, which the 
 natives say breed twice per annum. There is a chace 
 of deer which contains about 2000 : no man is per- 
 mitted to hunt in it without a licence, and there is a 
 particular part of it reserved for Macleod, the pro- 
 prietor, who is always sure to find game enough in it 
 when he pleases. In the winter time when the ground 
 is all covered with snow, the deer come in great flocks 
 to the coast, and feed upon the Alga Marina, or sea- 
 ware. They have mertricks here which yield a very fine 
 fur of a brown colour, and their dung has a scent like 
 musk. They have likewise abundance of otters and 
 seals, plenty of land and sea fowl, and excellent hawks. 
 They have two sorts of eagles, one large and grey, the 
 other less and black, shaped like a hawk; both of them 
 destructive to the fawns, sheep, and Iambs. Th6 
 shore on the vvcstern coast abounds with variety of 
 curious shells, finely streaked and coloured. Great 
 quantities of os sepie are found in the sand, the natives 
 powder it, and boil it in milk for the diarrhea and dy- 
 •senteria, and rub it on the eyes of sheep to take ofl the 
 i^m. Abundance of nuts, called Molucca beans, are 
 brought in here by the sea. The natives use them as 
 amulets against witchcraft, and say, that when any 
 evil of that son is intended against the person that wears 
 them, the nut turns black. That they have so changed 
 colour, Mr. Martin says he has seen, but cannot be 
 positive as to the cause of it. Quantities of amber- 
 
 srease 
 
374 
 
 grease have likewise been found on the coast of thia^ 
 island. Several people here that had lost their hearing:, 
 recovered it by putting some powder of tobacco into 
 their ears with a quill. Their sheep which feed on 
 sandy ground become blind sometimes, and are cured 
 by rubbing chalk in their eyes. They boil wild garlick 
 in water, and make use of the infusion against the 
 stone and gravel with good success.'* 
 
 Such was the account given of this book in the 
 Number for Aug. 1703, p. 470 ; and it went on thus 
 in the following Number for Sept. 1703, p. 529. 
 
 " What we said in our last Number is sufficient to 
 give the reader an idea of the book. The author is 
 imiform in his description, and follows the same 
 method in all the isles, so that we shall now content 
 ourselves with exhibiting some of the contents, that to 
 us appear most extraordinary, and shall begin with his 
 account of the ancient and modern customs of the in- 
 habitants of those islands. 
 
 *' Mr. Martin says that every heir or young chief- 
 tain of a tribe or clan was obliged in honour to give a 
 publick specimen of his valour, before he was owned 
 and declared to be governor or leader of his people. 
 That this specimen was commonly an incursion upon 
 the lands of some neighbour they were at variance 
 with, to drive their cattle; and this they were bound to 
 effect or die in the attempt. They were usually attended 
 in such exploits by young mfn of quality that had not 
 beforehand given any proof of their valour, and if the 
 young chieftain succeeded, he was ever after esteemed 
 
 valiant:. 
 
375 
 
 valiant, and fit for government, and those of his rctlnuii! 
 had a share of his reputation. This custom being re- 
 ciprocal among them \va!> not accounted robbery, anil 
 the damage which one tribe sustained by such an 
 essay was repaired when their chieftain came in his 
 tufn to make his specimen; but this practice is now int 
 disuse. 
 
 " When those chieftains entered upon the govern- 
 ment of their clans, they observed the formalities that 
 follow : He was placed on a heap of stones in form of 
 a pyramid, and his friends and followers stood round him 
 in a circle; one of his chief friends delivered into his 
 hand his father's sword, and another delivered him a 
 white rod; soonaftcrthe chief druid or orator pronoun- 
 ced a panegyrick upon the pedigree, valour, and libe- 
 rality of his ancestors, as patterns worthy of the young- 
 chieftain's imitation. They had their officers civil and 
 military to attend them on all occasions ; and some 
 families continue them still, particularly Sir Donald 
 Macdonald who has liis standard-bearer, quarter- 
 master, &c. They had a constant centincl on the top 
 of their houses, and a competent number of young 
 gentlemen well versed in managing the sword, target, 
 archery, 8cc. Every chieftain had a bold armour bearer 
 to attend him night and day, and he had a double 
 portion of meat assigned him at every meal, being 
 always a man of extraordinary bulk and strength. 
 When they went upon any military expedition, they 
 used to draw blood from the first animal they met on 
 the enemy's ground, and to sprinkle some of it upon 
 their colony as an omen of good success. Before they 
 engaged in battle, the chief druid harangued the army 
 from a rising ground, put them In mind of the great 
 
 things. 
 
37^ 
 
 things that had been perforincd by the valour of their 
 ancestorsj raised their hopes with the noble rewards of 
 honour and victory, and dispelled their fears by all the 
 topics that natural courage co-aid suggest, and after 
 this harangue^ they fell upon the enemy with a shout. 
 These druids pretended to foretel future events, and 
 decided all causes civil and ecclesiastical. They wor- 
 ship a deity under the name of Taramis, v/hich signi- 
 fies thunder, and another under the name of Bel us, 
 whence it is thought the festival called Bcltin on the 
 day of May proceeds. It was usual with the 
 druids to extinguish all the fires in the parish on that 
 day, until the tithes were paid ; then they re-kindled 
 them. 
 
 *' They had a custom of burning malefactors be- 
 twixt two fires ; and from thence came their proverb, 
 which they vise still at this day, to express a man's 
 beins; in a strait, viz. that he is betwixt two fires of 
 Bell. Our author takes notice of an objection raised 
 by some against druids being in the isles, viz. that 
 there were no oaks there, and answers it, by shewing 
 their mistake; for there are oaks at present at Slcat 
 in the Isle of Skie, and they abound in that country of 
 old, though now they be decayed through the neglect 
 of the inhabitants. 
 
 " When the chieftains go a hunting, they are usually 
 attended with a numerous retinue; and when he gives 
 the first specimen of that manly exercise, upon his 
 return, he gives his cloaths, arms, and all his hunting 
 equipage to the forrester. Every great family had two 
 stewards, the first sers'ed always at home, and was 
 obliged to be well versed in the pedigree of all the 
 families in the isles and highlands, and to assign 
 
 every 
 
377 
 
 ■every inan his seat at table according to his quality, 
 for preventing contention ; and if he had happened to 
 make a mistake, it was not imputed to the master of 
 the family. They had also cup-bearers and purse- 
 masters, and most of them were hereditary, and held 
 their places by charier. 
 
 *' These chieftains anciently ratified their leagues 
 of friendship by drinking a drop of blood, commonly 
 drawn out of the little fingers, and those who violated 
 a league thus confirmed were ever after held unworthy 
 of society. After the druids were laid aside, they were 
 succeeded by orators who kept the genealogies of their 
 families, repeated the same on every succession, and 
 tnade epithalamiums upon the occasion of marriages 
 and births; these orators had a mighty ascendant over 
 the greatest men in their time, who, either out of 
 respect to them, or for fear of their satires, would grant 
 them almost any thing they demanded, but at last lost 
 their reputation by their insolence, and are now in very 
 little esteem, whereas formerly they v/ere allowed to sit 
 among the chiefs of families. Their way of study was 
 very singular. They used to shut their doors and win- 
 dows for a day's time, and to lie down upon their 
 backs with a stone upon their bellies, and their heads 
 wrapped in their plades, and in this posture they 
 pumped their brains for rhetorical encomiums, which 
 they uttered in a dark and unintelligible stile. The 
 poets of bards wer€ likewise intituled formerly to the 
 bridegroom's upper garment, but now must content 
 themselves with what he is pleased to give theni. 
 
 ** The Islanders had formerly a wicked custom of 
 consulting invisible oracles, concerning the fate of bat- 
 tles and families 3 and this they performed three seve- 
 
 c c ral 
 
378 
 
 ral ways. The first was by a eompany of men ; one' 
 of whom being chosen by lot, was carried by night to 
 a river, which was the boundary betwixt two villages, 
 and faur of the company taking him by the legs and 
 arms, they struck his hips with force against the bank, 
 and one of them crying, ' What have you got here?* 
 another answ'ered, * A log of birch-wood :' upon which 
 the other replied, 'Let his invisible friends appear from 
 all quarters and relieve him, by giving a present answer 
 to our demands.' And in a few minutes after, a num- 
 ber of little creatures came from sea, answered the 
 question, and disappeared. Then the man was set at; 
 liberty, and the people returntd home to take mea- 
 sures according to the response, which was still am- 
 biguous, and so the poor fools were deluded. And 
 this consultation was generally fatal to those who 
 practised it, as was evident in a mischievous race of 
 people, who consulted it about sixty-two years ago, 
 and are since extinguished both root and branch. 
 
 '* Their second way was by a company of men re- 
 tiring into a solitary place, where they singled out one 
 of their number, and wrapped him in a big cow's hide, 
 covering him all with it except his head, and left him 
 so all night, until his invisible friends relieved him by 
 answering the questions proposed, and his neighbours 
 returned to" him in the morning to know what it was. 
 Our author tells that one John Erach, an inhabitant of 
 Lewis, acquainted Mr. Alexander Cooper, present 
 minister of North-Vest, that it was his lot to be one 
 night within an hide, . as above mentioned, during 
 which time he felt and heard such terrible things that 
 lie could not express them, and said, with an air of 
 
 great 
 
379 
 
 great remorse, that he would not do the like again foi 
 a thousand worlds. 
 
 ''The third way of consultation was by putting a 
 live cat on a spit j and one of the company asking the 
 person what he v/as doing? He answered, ' I roast this 
 cat until his friends answer the question:* and after- 
 wards a big cat, attended with a ■number of lesser 
 ones, came to relieve the cat and answer the questions : 
 and if the answer w«re the same with those given to 
 the man in the hide, it was be] eved to be infallible, 
 
 *'The ne-.t remarkable tRingwe shall take notice of, 
 is our author's account of the Second Sight, and his 
 remarkable instances to prcrve it. The Second Sight, 
 he says, is a singular faculty of seeing an otherwise 
 invisible object, without any previous means used by 
 the person that sees it for that end. The vision makes 
 such a lively impression upon the seer, that they 
 neither see nor think of any thing else, as long as it 
 continues, and then they are pensive or jovial, accord- 
 ing to the object represented to them. This faculty 
 does not descend lineally, as some have imagined, nor 
 is it acquired by any previous compact, or any way 
 communicable by one to another. The seer knows 
 nothing of it before it appears, and the same object 
 is frequently seen by different persons at a considerable 
 distance from one another. If the object appears 
 ■early in the morning, it will be accomplished in a few 
 hours afterward 5 if at noon, it will commonly be 
 accomplished that very day; if in the evening perhaps 
 that night, the later always in accomplishment by 
 weeks, months, and sometimes years, according to 
 the time of night the vision appears. When a shrowd 
 h perceived about one, it is a sure prognostick of 
 c c 2 death. 
 
death. The time is judged according to the height of 
 it about the person, for if it be not above the middle, 
 death is not expected for the space of a year, and per- 
 haps some months longer. Persons that are to be 
 iTiarried together, are seen standing by one another's 
 sides, and sometimes two or three together, according 
 to the number of wives or husbands. To see a spark 
 of fire fall upon one's arm or breast, is a sign of 
 a dead child to be seen in the arms of those persons. 
 To see a seat empty at the time one sits in it, is a pre- 
 sage for the person's speedy death. Sometimes they 
 are forewarned of death by a cry or voice out of doors, 
 and sometimes they foresee things of such small con- 
 sequence, as that they are to have fish or flesh in the 
 house, and that such and such persons of no figure 
 will visit them, &c. That if these visions be repre- 
 sented by spirits, it would seem that they sometimes 
 act a ludicrous and comical, as well as a tragical and 
 superstitious part, as any one may see by perusing our 
 author's instances, for which we refer to the book it- 
 self, and also for his answers to the objections made 
 ag;ainst the Second Siffht. 
 
 " The last thingwe shall take notice of is our author's 
 scheme for improving trade by sea and land in those 
 islands, which, according to him, might be the most 
 considerable, particularly for fishing, of any perhaps 
 in tiie known world, and" put in practice with the least 
 trouble and expence, for which we shall also refer the 
 curious on that subject to the book itself. *" 
 
 * Having thus pointed out a full account of the Western Islands of Scot- 
 land, I will take the oppoitunity of calling to the reader's notice a late publi- 
 cation on the Northern Islands, entitled '< The History of the Orkney 
 Islands J in which is compreherided an account of their present as well as 
 i/heir an.'ient stuie ; together w!:h the auvanfges they possess for several 
 
 branches 
 
I5i'anches of industry, aid the means by which they may Le Improved j Illus- 
 trated with an accurate and extensive map of the whole islands, and with 
 plates of some of the most interesting objects they contain. By the Rev. 
 George Barry, D.D. late Minister of Shapinshay," in one vol. 4to. 
 
 In the Monthly Magazine for August, i3o5,-p. 92, is the following ac- 
 count of the author. 
 
 " At Shapinshay, died In July last, the Rev. Dr. George Barry, aged 5 7. 
 He was a native of Berwickshire, educated In the University of Edinburgh, 
 and was for a short time employed as teacher of the sons of some gentlemea 
 in Orkney, by w'hose patronage he became second minister of the Royal 
 burgh and ancient cathedral of Kirkwall ; from whence about nine years 
 ago, he was translated to the island and parish of Shapinshay. He has 
 left a widow and nine children> and many respectable friends to mourn his 
 death. With fidelity and zeal he discharged the duties of the p.^storal office. 
 His statistical account of his two parishes, published by Sir J-hn Sinclair, 
 first rescued his name from that obscurity. In which It was placed by local 
 situation, wd drew from an impartial public, a high degree of approbation. 
 Few men paid more attention to the edutation of youth than Dr. Barry. His 
 own children he taught with all the skill of philosophy, and al the tender- 
 ness of parental afFocticn. The same skill, united with no common degree of 
 care, he extended, not only to the youth of his own,- but to those of all the 
 different parishes in the county. Sensible of his zeal in this respect, the 
 Society for propagating Christian Knowledge in Scotland, upwar.ls of five 
 years ago, chose him one of their members, and gave him a superiiitendance 
 over theit schools in Orkney. Soon after, the University of Edinburgh con- 
 ferred on him the degree of Doctor of Divinity. For several years past 
 Dr. Barry emjiloyed his leisure hours in composing a civil and natural his- 
 tory of all the sixty-seven Islands of Orkney, corriprehending an account of 
 their original population, their ancient history, while a separate independent 
 principality, whose warlike princes, in alliance with Norway and Denmark, 
 ranked with those of Europe ; and also their present condition and the means 
 by which they may be Improved. This histoiy was published two months 
 ago, in Edinburgh, in one large quarto volume, illustrated by a map of all 
 the isles, fi-Iths, and harbours, and also with twelve elegant jdates of the 
 most grand and interesting objects of antiquity. From the testimony of 
 juveral of the moGt respectable and learned gentlemen in Scotland it is be- 
 lieved, that this curious history of one of the most sequesteied provinces of 
 Britain, will, from the dejjlh of its research, the accuracy of the narrative, 
 and the classical elegance of its composition, transmit the name of its author 
 to fttture ages with som« degree of celebrity." 
 
 i3 c 3 Art, 
 
^^z 
 
 Am. XII. Verses expressive of the author" s regret, 
 at not having sufficiently cultivated poeiry in the 
 proper season of youth. 
 
 The cjf^ys that are past, and for years have been o'er, 
 
 I wish X could seem by my song to restore! 
 
 Let me bring back the houis when Hope danc'd in my 
 
 eye J 
 And heav'd iix nay bosoiri the raptnrous sigh t 
 I seize the lov'd lyre: O how tremble its strings: 
 Hark ! What are the notes that so faintly it rings T 
 " 'Tis in vain: the gay visions that beam'd in thy sight j 
 *' The rich hues, that arrayed every scene in delight, 
 *' Are vanish'd ; and coldly thy hand will be laid 
 " On my chords, on which exquisite sounds were one© 
 
 made, 
 " Wild dreams of young Fancy that sv/ell'd thy full 
 
 breast, 
 " Forms of beauty an-gelic that haunted thy rest, 
 " To thy chill sober fingers no longer give tire, 
 *' Thy bosom's dull feelings no longer inspire : 
 " Too idly thy moments of youth didst thou losej 
 " Too seldom attendedst the voice of the Muse: 
 ** Destfoy'd is the charm novf ; and broken the spell j 
 " No dances of fairies now hast thou to tell; 
 *' But gloomy the hues are Experience has wrought, 
 " And severe is Truth's lore, which Time's circuit has 
 
 taught. 
 " O hadst thou but breath'd on my tremulons breast, 
 •' When young Eapture thy fancy pU-glowing possestj 
 *' Perchance to fay ages our names had gone down, 
 *' And thy lyre might have galn'd thee immortal renown, 
 " It is past: now all tuneless decay my sad strings; 
 ** An.d faint is the thought, in thy bosom that springs! 
 
 «• Ohavc 
 
383 
 
 ** O have riot thy hopes been in sorrow all drowii'dj 
 
 »* And Despair's withering shadows envelop'd thee round? 
 
 *' Tiien withdraw thy rash Iiand: nor, with feeble essay, 
 
 *' Again thy lost power, and vain efforts betray !" 
 
 I submit. O thou Nymph of my earliest delight. 
 
 Whom, tho' often 1 treated with many a slight. 
 
 Yet I never forsook ; thou art fledj and in scorn 
 
 Hast left thy sad votary thine absence to mourn I 
 
 Lov'd Muse, I well know my repentance is vain j 
 
 The dreams, that are past, I can never regain; 
 
 Yet, tho' weak be the glance of thine eye on my heart. 
 
 One ray of the joys that are vanish'd impart ! 
 
 July 21, 1805. 
 
 Art. XITI. Desiiltonj ohservatiohs on the sensi- 
 bilities and eccentricities of men of genius t wit/i 
 remarks on Poets, 
 
 The herd of servile imitators bring every thing into 
 disgrace by affectation and excess. In those depart- 
 ments of literature^ which require genius, this is more 
 particularly the case. For a little while the tinsel 
 copier becomes the rage of the public, till the glare of 
 his colours satiates ; and then, as the tide suddenly 
 turns, the just fame of the original is drawn back into 
 the vortex, and is sunk in one common ruin. On 
 these occasions every yelping cur joins in echoing the 
 cry of contempt, and some new whim engages the tem- 
 porary curiosity of the mob. 
 
 There was a time when Rousseau was the idol of 
 the admirers of genius; and all his weaknesses and- 
 extravagances were respected as the necessary con- 
 comitants of his extraordinary powers. Immediately 
 
 c c 4 there 
 
3^4 
 
 tiiere arose mullitucles of absurd followers, who, having 
 at length corrupted the judgments of their indiscrimi- 
 nate readers, brought neglect and condemnation upon 
 their original. For some years therefore we have 
 heard the mob, the learned as well as the unlearned 
 mob, talk in terms of unifofm contempt and anger, 
 of what they are pleased to call " the morbid sensi- 
 bilities of sickly genius."' Were this disapprobation 
 confined to pretended feeling?, of vi'hich the discovery 
 requires a very small share of sagaeiousness, it would 
 be just. But it seems as if they meant to put their 
 mark of scorn on every eccentricity of him who lives 
 in that high temperament, in which alone works of 
 genius can be produced. 
 
 Can we believe that Burns would have possessed the 
 powers to produce his exquisite poem of " Tarn*. 
 O'Shanter" without having often trembled at some 
 of those i'magcs, which the expansive blaze of hi^ 
 genius has there painted ? Without a continued fa- 
 miliarity with all those hurried and impetuous feelings, 
 which brought him to a premature grave, could he 
 have written those enchanting songs which breathe so' 
 high a tone of fancy and passion? In the cold regions 
 of worldly prudence, in the selfish habitations of dull 
 propriety, may be found riches and health, and long 
 life, and an insipid respect. But, if he who is born 
 with the higher talents, long accustoms himself to the 
 discipline of such habits, the splendour of his imagi- 
 nation will become impenetrably huddled up in the 
 fogs of this heavy atmosphere, and he will scarce be* 
 able to produce higher eflbrts of intellect, than one " of 
 Nature's fools." 
 
 When Beattie gave up his ambition to metaphysi- 
 cal 
 
S85. 
 
 cal philosophy, he ceased to be a poet.. The lyre of 
 Edwin, which had breathed all the soul of poetry in 
 his first canto, began to flag and grow dull in the 
 second; and then lost its tones, and never vibrated for 
 the last thirty years of the owner's life. I certainly am 
 too prejudiced to give a candid opinion; but T would 
 have preferred a few more stanzas, in the style of the 
 first, from the Minstrel's harp, to all the bulky volumes 
 of prose that Beattie wrote. 
 
 How delightful to have left a perpetual memorial of 
 some of those " ten thousand glorious visions," which 
 are always floating across the brain of the highly en- 
 dowed ! But for those, who possess the abihty, to go 
 to the grave without having preserved a" relic of them ; 
 to have suffered them to have passed " like the fleeting 
 clouds," without one a,ttempt to leave a memorial of 
 the aspirations of a more exalted nature. Is a morli- 
 fyingxeflection, which must depress true genius even to 
 despondence. He, in whom Nature has sowed the 
 energies of vigorous Intellect, may be thrown into sta- 
 tions where there 1$ nothing to flm the flames vvithia 
 him ; , in ihat case it is probable he may never discover 
 any. qualities above the herd of mankind: but an in- 
 ternal restlessness and discontent will prey upon his 
 spirits and embitter his life. 
 
 There are no writer's criticisms so calculated to 
 stifle the habits, and the efforts of genius as those of 
 Johnson. The cause of this is to be sought partly . 
 in the /rw/?/ " morbid" propensities of his temper; 
 and partly in the history of his life. I suspect that in 
 the early resolution 
 
 " NulHus jurare ia verba magistri,*' 
 hf soon scuight originality at the expence of truth. 
 
 His 
 
His love of contradiction therefore became a diseastf^ 
 and finding in preceding biographers too much incli- 
 nation to panegyrize the subjects of their memoirs, 
 and to contemplate them with a blind admiration, he 
 determined to shew the powers of his anatomizing pen, 
 and to tear off the veil of respect that covered them. 
 Thus he was pleased to seize every opportunity of 
 exhibiting their personal frailties, and mental defects; 
 and of treating them sometimes with anger, and some- 
 times with haughtiness. But there was another cir- 
 cumstance which had a tendency to warp the justice 
 of his sincere opinions. Early in life he had probably 
 <liscovered the inclination of his own imagination to 
 predominate dangerously over his reason. On this 
 account he used every exertion to subdue it; to reduce 
 it to the severest trammels of argumentation, and the 
 most sober paths of mental employment. Hence he 
 acquired a habit of preferring the lower departments of 
 the Muse ; he best liked reasoning in verse ; dry ethi- 
 cal couplets; and practical observations upon daily life. 
 His private feelings hesitated between Dryden and-' 
 Pope; and all the praise he has given to Milton, or' 
 Cowley, or Akenside, or Ct)Hins, or Gray, is extorted, 
 penurious, and mixed with every degrading touch thait' 
 the ingenuity of his acute mind, and force of his ener- 
 getic language could introduce. 
 
 The public received these disingenuous lives with 
 ill-tempered avidity. They who had never known 
 what it was to be warmed by the flights of fancy ; in 
 whose torpid heads the description of Eden, the wailings " 
 over Lycidas, and all the imagery of Comus never 
 raised one corresponding idea, but who concealed 
 their lamentable deficiencies of mind before the awful 
 
 name 
 
38; 
 
 name of Milton; now that they were sanctioned by 
 Johnson, boldly gloried in their want of taste. All the 
 gall which they had so long l3een" nourishing In theVr 
 hearts was now vomited forth without restraint, and 
 the cry, which dulness had always secretly dissemi- 
 nated against the aberrations of genius, was avowed 
 as the acknowledged dictate of sense and truth. 
 
 Johnson is a proof, among a thousand glarmg 
 proofs, how little the wisest men *'kno\v themselves;** 
 and how often they pride themselves on points, iut 
 which they are strikingly deficient. His great boast 
 seems to have been his attention to 
 
 " That which before us lies in daily life.'" 
 
 Yet did ever any man more offend the proprieties of 
 dally life than Johnson ? His unhappy and neglected 
 person, bis uncouth dress, his rude manners, and his 
 irregular habits, required the full eminence of his fame, 
 and force of his talents, to counterbalance their offen- 
 siveness. Yet probably he would have exclaimed 
 
 " Non tali auxIHo, non dcfensoribus istis!'* 
 He seems to have thought that he himself required no 
 such set-offs. And, if we judge him by the rules by 
 which he judged others^ such set-offs ought not to 
 have availed. 
 
 But I trust that I shall never judge by rules so 
 harsh, and in my opinion so unwise. I regret the de- 
 pravity of Johnson's taste, and I lament that excess of 
 envy and pride, the unconquerable disease of his dis- 
 position, which, in spite of all his efforts, too frequently 
 overpowered his reason. But I venerate his vast abili- 
 ties, the strong and original operations of his mind, 
 
 hiS' 
 
388 
 
 his .force of ratiocination, and his kiminous and irrt= 
 pressive language. I venerate also the mingled good- 
 ness of his heart, his nrelting charity, his exalted prin- 
 ciples, his enlarged mor^l notions, and the many 
 sublime virtues of his mixed and unhappy life But 
 this is not all : according to the sentiments I have ex- 
 pressed, I necessarily go even further. To me it ap- 
 pears that some of his most offensive eccentricities 
 were strongly connected with his most prominent ex-* 
 cellcncies. 
 
 To the constant abstraction of his mind, to the per- 
 petual occupation of thinking, we must surely attribute 
 much of the neglect of his person, much of his inat- 
 tention to polished manners, and the etiquette of the 
 world, and much of his irregular mode of life. But 
 to this also is certainly attributable the clearness and 
 arrangement.of his ideas, the readiness of his thoughts 
 upon every subject that was presented to him, and the 
 perspicuity and happiness of his stile. 
 
 Let us hear no more reflections then on the " mor- 
 bid" sensibility of the votaries of fancy. He, whose 
 feelings are not acute, sometimes even to disease, can 
 never touch the true chords of the lyre. To be in 
 constant terror of exceeding the cold bounds of pro- 
 priety, to be perpetually on the watch against any 
 transient extravagance of mind, is not to be a poet. 
 It is true that eccentricity alone does not constitute 
 genius; and he who is known only by its foibles, un- 
 accoiiipanied by. its advantages, deserves little mercy* 
 And little can he expect to meet with it, if he recollects 
 that in the censorious eye of the world, even the hap- 
 piest attainments of mental excellence^ will make but 
 
 . little 
 
' 3^9 
 
 iittle amends for the smallest deviations from pru« 
 .dence of conduct. 
 
 That chilling philosophy, which demands the recon- 
 cilement of qualities nearly incompatible, has always 
 appeared to me far from true wisdom. We may la- 
 ment, but we should attempt to soothe and treat 
 leniently, the little ebullitions of that fire, which at 
 other times is exerted to enlighten and charm us. We 
 should pity rather than despise the occasional lamen- 
 tations from the pain of the thorn, whic h is too often 
 at the breast of those, who delight us by their songs. 
 
 In thus venturing opinions so uncongenial with those 
 of the great as well as little vulgar, I am aware of the 
 extent to which I expose myself. The selfish worldlino-, 
 the interested parent, the struggler in the paths of or- 
 dinary ambition, the stupid, the sterile-hearted, and 
 the sensual, all will exclaim, ^' If such be the effects 
 of poetry, heaven defend me and all my connections 
 from being poets!" Poor wretches ! They need not 
 fear: poets, they may rest assured, are not made out 
 of such materials ! 
 
 It is with come hesitation that I venture to in- 
 termix, even thus sparingly, such desultory disquisitions 
 as this, with the duty I have Imposed on myself of 
 transcribing old title pages, and tables of contents. But 
 a friend has flattered me by hinting, that a few more 
 such articles as that which I presumed to insert on the 
 character of Cowper would produce a pleasing diversity 
 in this work. In a w^et morning therefore, though, 
 with a head distracted by hateful business, of which I 
 grow daily more Impatient, and far removed from the 
 conveniences of study and composition, I have assumed 
 
 the 
 
,the fouragQ to, put into language a train of thoughts, 
 excited by an accideiital observation, which I last night 
 lead in a book of criticism. /> r /^_,,^^,:> 
 
 July 51, 1805. 
 
 Art. XIV. Calendarium Pastorale, sive jT^glogcK 
 DiLodecim, Totidem anni mensihus accommodat<E. 
 Jlnglice olim scriptas ah Edmundo Spensero An- 
 glorum Poet arum Principe z nunc autem eleganti 
 Latino, carmine donata. a Theodora Bathurst, Aulas 
 PemhrokiancB apud Cantabrigienses allquando 
 socio. Londini, impensis M. M. T. C. isf G. Bedell, 
 ad portam Mcdii Templi in vico vulgo vocaio 
 Fleeistrect, Anno Domini 1653. Svo. pp. 147. Ac- 
 companied, oa ike opposite pages hi/ the original 
 eclomies. 
 
 This book is mentioned fey Mr. Todd in his ne\V 
 edition of Spenser, Vol. I. p. clxxvi. who says it 
 was republished by John Ball with a Latin Dissertation 
 *' de vita et scriptis Spenseri," and an augmented 
 glossary, 1732. 
 
 it is dedicated by the editor, William DiDingham, 
 of Emanuel College, to Francis Lane, Esq. in the fol- 
 lowing words: 
 
 Viro eximioy et vere gtneroso, Francisco Lane Ar- 
 migjTOj Amico ineo singularly Saltdem. 
 
 Plura sunt, prasstantissime Domine, quae me tibi 
 devinxerunt plurinium; morum candor, omnegenus 
 literatura, et prudentia lua singularis; hce sunt artes 
 et prsestigise, quibus facile te induis in allorum pec- 
 tora, quotquot virtutura tuaruni testes admovit sors fae- 
 
 licior. 
 
39^ 
 
 licior. Verum, ne quid dissimulem, ulteriore adhuc 
 
 catena me captivum ducis; enimvero suavissima tua 
 
 consuetude, dum hie ohm studendi causa conimorarere, 
 
 cum perpetua tua erga me vohuitate, atque inde tot 
 
 enatis beneficiis haud vulgaribus, hsec ilia sunt, qua: 
 
 me vehementius rapiunt, et actiori debendi nexu cou- 
 
 Strictum tenent. Quorum ego, quoniam ne niinimam 
 
 quidem partem assequi possum remunerando, id unum 
 
 mihi rehctum esse intelligo, ut quje tibi solvendo non 
 
 sum, ea lubenter tibi debeam, et agnoscam. Quod 
 
 idem ego nunc an^iplum in modum factum cupio, et 
 
 certe praestarem quidem si aut voluntati meas par facul- 
 
 las esset, aut merita erga me tua non adeo fuissent 
 
 omnem modum fuissent oninem modum supergressa. 
 
 Quoniam autem etiam verba me destituunt, accipe 
 
 (quseso) hascechartas, muta quaedam gratitudinis meas 
 
 signa &c indicia; accipe qua me soles fronte, aperta, 
 
 placida, exporrecta. Erat olim tibi Spenserus tuus 
 
 indeliciis ; quocircanuUus metuo ne ingratus hodie tibi 
 
 sit, indutus idem Romana toga ; quaa ita quidem ilium 
 
 decet, tamque apte illi convenit, ut aut non alia cute 
 
 jiatus, aut in eam non tam translatus, quam resti- 
 
 tutus esse videatur. Erat quidem hoc Poema Anglice 
 
 cum barba, (quod de Esavo J udjei fabulantur) imo et ca- 
 
 nitie sua natum ; ac si poeta non tam in Parnasso 
 
 somniasset, quam cum Endymione in Latino stertu- 
 
 isset, atque adeo post tertium inde saeculum ad scri- 
 
 bendum demum evlgiUisset. Ita quidem illi visum est 
 
 atavorum voces ab oblivione vindicare, eorumque 
 
 irxKr/ysvysa-iav accelerare (siquidem 
 
 Multa renascentur, quae jam cecidere, cadentque 
 Quae jam sunt in honore yocabula. 
 
 inquit 
 
S92 
 
 inquil Iloratlus^) vcrnm incle tanieii interea factum 
 €5t. ut nonnulli, quia non retro sibi vivendum esse con- 
 . stituerant, ejusmodi dictiones tanquam Evandri niatris 
 carniina, aut palantia quajdam spectra abhorruertnt. 
 At metu illos isthoc dehinc.porro libcravit vir doctissi- 
 mus Theo. Bathurst, (Pocta non minus elcgans, quam 
 gravis idem posted Theologus) qui in eodem Collegio 
 has seglogas Latine vertit, quo SPENSERUS ante 
 aliquot annos poematia sua concepi?sc dicitur; et qui- 
 (leni ita vertit, ut et obscuris ]uccm, et facilitatem as- 
 pcris, atque omnibus fere nitorem ac elegantiamfasne- 
 raverit ; ac si unus ejusdem loci genius idem carmen 
 diversis temporibus illi Anglice, huic Latine dictitas- 
 sct. Ilanc autem versionem suam clam sibi et Musis 
 habuit, quoad in vivis erat autor modestissimusj post- 
 fluam autem diem suum obiisset vir doctissimus, con- 
 tiauo factum est, ut, dum libraria ejus supellex qua- 
 quaversum divenderetur, bina hujus operis exemplaria 
 ad manus xneas deferrentur quae propria ipsius manu 
 frequenter interpolata, non parum cum in iis rclam- 
 bendis curse posuisse, testabantur; penitius autem in- 
 trospicicns, ejusmodi opus esse facile deprehendi, quale 
 ad thus et scombros damnari minimc oportebat, sed 
 neaue blattis et lineis amandari. Quocirca operie 
 pretium me facturum arbitrabar si quod non parva me 
 ailecerat voluptate, cum aliis etiam illud participarem, 
 quibus non ingratum fore confido, cum nee inutile ccrte, 
 nee iujucundum. Tibi vero imprimis, vir amice, di ; 
 candum existimavi, turn quod scivcrim te ab hujus- 
 modi studiis nullo unquam tempore abhorruisse, turn 
 «Juo e;itarct aliquod amoris, gratitudinis et observan- 
 6 tiai 
 
392 
 
 tiae ergo te meas testimonium. Tu autem fave, et perge 
 Hie amare, ut qui semper optima tui causa velim. 
 
 Ad omnia obsequii et amicitias munia prjestanda 
 tibi paratissimus. 
 
 Coll. Emman. Cantabiigias, GuiL. DiLLINGHAM. 
 
 Calendls Julii mdcliii. 
 
 It will afford a fair opportunity of varying the matter 
 of my work, and, I trust, be a grateful offering to clas- 
 sical scholars, to transcribe the two first eclogues of 
 this translation. 
 
 JANUARIUS, 
 
 .(EGLOGA PRIMA. 
 
 Maret neslc-ctus Amator. * 
 
 Alexis, \ 
 
 Upilio, (nee enim titulo potiore misellus 
 Dignandus) jam nunc bruma laxante rigorem, 
 iEthere sub sudo, (sudus forte obtigit aether,) 
 Eduxit fessas diuturno carcere caulae 
 Strigosas pecudes, macie brumaque rigentes, 
 Ut vix succiduo sustentent poplite gressus. 
 
 * " In this first Aeglogue Colin Clout, a Shephearil's boy, comiilaineth 
 himselfe of his unfortunate love, being but newly (as seetneth) enamoured 
 of a countrey lasse called Rosalinde : with which strong affection being veric 
 sore travelled, be compareth his careful case to the sad season of the yeare, to 
 the frostie ground, to the frosen trees, and to his owne winter-beaten flocke. 
 And lastly, fisding himselfe robbed of all former pleasance and delight, he 
 breaketh his pipe in peeces, and casteth himselfe to the ground." 
 
 ■\ Colin Clout— V12. Spenser himself. 
 
 . "^ D D Isque 
 
394 
 
 Isquc status pccoris pastoris concolor On, 
 Lurida quod macies pallenti tabe colorat j 
 ^ger cura forsan, et aeger forsan amorej 
 Scit tamen et calamos inflare, et dicere versus : 
 Turn pecora ad montcm languentia languidus egit, 
 Effuditque istas, dura pascunt ilia, querelas, 
 
 O Superi, curas O qui miseratis amantum, 
 (Si tamen e Superis quisquam miseretur amantes) 
 Despicite e ccelis ubi iDetum ducitis aevum, 
 Luctisonisque, precor, submittite cantibus aures: 
 Tu quoque pastorum Deus, olim fixus Amoris 
 Cuspide Pan, prius expertos miserere dolores : 
 
 Eftaeta O tellus, brumalis pra;da furoris. 
 
 Viva meae vitae occasum spectantis imago, 
 
 Te mode millecuplo florum discrimine piuxit 
 
 Ver, tuaque asphodelis stellata superbiit a^stas; 
 
 At jam nimbosse saevit violentia brumae, 
 
 Quaeque triumphabat mode, jam tua purpura sordet; 
 
 Pectore sub nostro rabies furit aemula brumae. 
 Nam stupet in venis immiti frigore sanguis : 
 Saevit et in nostram tenapestas tanta carinam, 
 Tanquam jam tremulos spectarct vita Decembres. 
 Vix tamen, ah miserum, florescere caeperat annus, 
 Et tamen, ah miserum, mihi jam deflorult anmis. 
 
 O vos umbroso nudatae tegmine quercus. 
 Qua volucres vernos gaudebant tcxere nidosj 
 Nunc musco indutae, cana;que horrore pruinae. 
 En, ubi vestra. novo turgebant germina foetu, 
 Brachia conspicio lachrymis rorantia crebris, 
 PeiKiulaque astrictis glaciaturstiria guttis. 
 
 Sic 
 
39B 
 
 Sic ^uoque, sic nostrae folia inconqussa juventse 
 Nunc flaccent, nimlis curarum exercita ventisj 
 En, emarcescit faelix flos puberis aevi, v 
 
 Ustulat et canum mihi praecoqua germlna frigus : 
 Sic vitreis rigui lachrymis rorantur ocelli, 
 Pendet ut a vestris glaclalis stiria ramis. 
 
 Languide grex, lacero implicitam qui vellere lanam 
 Gestas, cui victu jejunia crebra maligno 
 Hauserunt vifes, macie testare, probasque 
 Obruta solicitis pastoris pectora curis. 
 Debilis ille, et tu: Macer es, macrescit et ille: 
 Languendo luges, lugendo languet et ille. 
 
 Damno millenis tempus lachrymabile diris, 
 Urbs vicina oculis quo primum erat obvia nostris. 
 Et tamen illam horam votis bis mille beavi. 
 Qua vidi nostram (spectacula tanta) puellamj 
 Sed frustra j nostrae primus gradus ille ruinae : 
 Proh, Super! ! mellis faecundi, et fellis amores ? 
 
 Non Infortunum queritur mea fistula Mopsum, 
 Ambiat ille meum licet indefessus amorem. 
 Agrestis sperno tam rustica munera Mopsi; 
 Haedos; involucres nidosj et praecoqua poma. 
 Insipiens frustra mittis tua munera Mopsi, 
 Quae tuus ille suae moxPhillidi mittit Alexis. 
 
 Phillis amata mihi est (heu, cur mihi Phillis amata ?) 
 Despectusque ab ea sum, (cur despectus ab ilia?). 
 Respuit usque meos et dedignatur amores, 
 Fastiditque audire rudem sutflata cicutam. 
 Quin pastorales velut anguem exhorret avenas, 
 Subsannatque elata, suus quae cantat Alexis. 
 
 D D a Ergo 
 
39^ 
 
 Ergo places licet sgresti mea fistula Pani, 
 
 Cum tanien haud placeas ubi vellem sola placercjj 
 
 Et tu, Musa, meos sopire assueta dolores, 
 
 Nunc oblita tamen.cum res efflagitat, artis, 
 
 Solvetls meritas et Musa, et fistula paenas : 
 
 Cum calamos frangit, fususque recumbit in herbara. 
 
 Jam Sol emeritos devexo tramite currus 
 Urgebat praeceps, glaciatoque horrida rore 
 Nox involvebat furvo velamine terram: 
 Ut videt, arrodens caecis praecordia curis 
 Surgit, apricatas pectides ad ovilia cogens 
 tJpilio, vultu referentes fata Magistri. 
 
 FEBRUJRIUS. 
 
 ^GLOGA SECUNDA. 
 
 Haud impiine spreta Sencctus. * 
 
 I)a)7ton, Thyrs'is. 
 Ah Superi, nunquamne hyemis desa^vlet ira? 
 Numquamne immites ponentsua flamina venti ? 
 Squamosam iindit frigus penetrahile pellem, 
 Ossa mihi rigidis ut credam pervia ventis. 
 
 * Argument. '• This Aeglogue is rather morall and generall than bent io 
 anie secret or particular purpose. It speciallie containeth a discourse of olde 
 age, in the person ot Thenot, an old Shepheard, who for his crookednesse 
 and unlustinesse, is scorned of Cuddie, an unhappie heardman's boy. The 
 njatter very well accordeth with the season of the moneth, the ycare now 
 drooping, and as it were drawing to his last a^e. For as in this time of 
 yeare, so then in our bodies there is a drie and withering cold, which con- 
 cealet'i the cradled blood, and frieseth the weather-beaten flesh, with storme* 
 of Fortune and hoare frosts of Care. To which purpose the olde man 
 tdlcth a tale of theOakc and the Brier, so livelie, and so feclinglie, as, if the 
 thing ^were kct ft ith in »omc picture before our eie*, more plainlie could not 
 appe«re." 
 
 Strigosique 
 
397 
 
 Strigosique boves vibrantur frigore corpus, 
 Summae ut succusso nutant fundamitiie turres : 
 Assuetique suae sinuare volumina caudae, 
 Perque auras agitare, en, ut sub ventre remulcent, 
 
 fhyrsis. 
 Improbe cur rigidae fundis convicia brflmse, 
 Obvia quod solito hia terga rigore lacessat ? 
 Nonne suis celeres decurrunt legibus anni ? 
 Succedunt invisa bonis, pejoraque pravis : 
 Pejora excipiunt tandem deterrima, & inde 
 In se transacti celeris rota volvitur aevi. 
 Qui non hybernas patietur frigoris iras. 
 Quo se proripiet, redeant dum veris honores ? 
 Ipse ego, (qui efFsetus jam) ter sex lustra peregf; 
 Nunc risu effusus, nunc fletu absorptus amaroj 
 Nunquam aestus, nunquam torpentia frigora questus, 
 Brumalesve minas, aut summi taedia solisj 
 Nee torvam rabida fortunam voce lacessi, 
 Mente ferens sequa quas sors inflixit iniqua j 
 Cura pecus semper mihi nostrae credita curae, 
 Estate ut saturent banc pascua, pabula bruma, 
 
 Damon. 
 Non equidem miror, si tu, rigidissime Thyrsi, 
 Insanos brumae fers a^qua mente rigores: 
 Nam tremulse tremula est affinis bruma senectaej 
 Haec friget, riget ilia, haec canet, canet et ilia. 
 Usque aether terris iratus luce maligna 
 Contristat pluviis ccElum, sic torva tuetur 
 Nubila frons; tua sic aetas obnubilat ora, 
 Morosa ut tristem caperant jejunia vultum. 
 ^tas nostra virens canae est inimica pruinae. 
 Nee mea brunjales ratis est experta procellas. 
 
 T/iyrsis. 
 Nequicquam incusat Neptunia numina demens. 
 Qui credit tumido jam naufraga carbasa ponto. 
 
 D D 3 Sic, 
 
398 
 
 Sic, sic ignavi, pastoria turba, puelU 
 Fascitis auricomis balantum armenta genistis. 
 Quod si sol forsan vultu meliore renidet, 
 Ver rediisse statim bruma cedente putatis. 
 Inde juvat victos hyemis ridere furores, 
 Et stipula argutas interstridere cicadas, 
 Vosqueanni dominos malecredula turba putatis; 
 Saepe tamen, cum vos defunctos esse periclo 
 Speratis, subito rngoso pallida' vultu j 
 Bruma venit, sulcis perarata senilibus era, 
 Guaque procellosas tremule jaculata sagittasj 
 Cor stupet hinc, rigidus coit in praecordia sanguis : 
 Turn demum cadet inconsultn ferocia vobis, 
 Et pecudes bruma recrudescente rigescuut; 
 Comi^ieritas pendit turn vestra superbia paenas, 
 Planctuque et gemitu, glomeratoque agminc cladum 
 
 Damov, 
 
 Non hujus facio monitus, delire, senilesj 
 jEtatis vernans brumae me exponere germen 
 Velles ? exhaustum puto defecisse cerebrum, 
 Exedit exuccae tibi quod rubigo senectae, 
 Utque caput quassum male juste pondere nutat, 
 Sic et gibbosa obstitum cervice recumbit : 
 Quumque tibi toto periit cum germiue truncus. 
 Vis nostram parili florem marcescere fato. 
 Quod si a^quaeva meae tibi jam floresceret aetas, 
 Mox alio sensus deflecteret alma voluptas j 
 Turn tua formosaru resonaret Phillida canna, 
 Sternum nostro devotam Phillida araori. 
 Hanc mihi demerui quando aurea cingula misi, 
 Cingula quels buUis stellatur bakheus aureis, 
 Talia Pastores laetos, vultusque serenos 
 Efficerent, vitseque tuae revirescere florem. 
 
 T^rsis. 
 
399 
 
 Tliyrsis, 
 Desipis, Ingratos jactando insanus amores j 
 His quaecunque dabis, rapidis dabis irrita ventls. 
 
 Damon. 
 En: viden? ille meus, subrufa fronte juvencus, 
 Q.uam belle arrectas crispat petulantius aures! 
 Iridos ut lunata imitantur cornua flexum, 
 Cantiacas vincunt palearla mollia nymplias. 
 Asplcis elatis auras ut naribus haurit ? 
 Non ilium dulces meditari credis amores ? 
 Credo tuas pecudes mentem callere magistri ; 
 Corpore sic languent omnes, animoque fatiscunt, 
 Tergoraque horrentes brum^, canaeque pruina. 
 Dux gregis obtuso, fractoque vigore relanguet : 
 Quae modo turgidulae tendebant ubera matres> 
 Ut viduae prono tellurem lumine figunt : 
 Primigenas agnos brumalis concutit horror: 
 Quippe regit Vetulus defectus viribus illos, 
 
 Thyrsis. 
 Non operae, fruglve bonae te censeo, Damon, 
 Qui tumide vanas sic tollis ad aethera cristas. 
 Nam satis inflato est instar turgescere bullae, 
 Cui mens est amens; cui mors est debita merces ; 
 Cui via desertumj cui diversoria paena; 
 Inflatique aetas domitrix, solita hospita curls. 
 Sed vin' fabellam tibi me pertexere, quondam 
 Quam pubescent! dixit mihi Tityrus sevo. 
 Qua pandit laetos celeberrima Cantia coUes ? 
 
 Damon. 
 Nil aeque vellem : nil est optatius illis. 
 Quae senis ex hujus lepido fluxere cerebro r 
 Tanta in facundis lucet sapientia dictis, 
 Doctiloquo quaecunque senex deprompsit ab ore. 
 
 B D 4 Thynih 
 
400 
 
 Thyrs'ts. 
 
 Hie cccinit Venerem, Martem, efFraeneraque juvcntam, 
 Verum sub ficti velo seruionis obumbransj 
 E queis prae reliquis in nos haec fabula quadrat. 
 Nunc aureo adhibe, et quo se feret exitus, audi. 
 Annosa en puri stetit arbor in aequore campi. 
 Quae quondam quercus, nunc truncus, inutile lignum j 
 Lataque jam modica sua brachia porrigit umbra, 
 Brachia, quae frondis nudarat honore senecta : 
 Ingenti trunco, demissa in viscera terrae, 
 Tendat ut in caelos vertex, in Tartara radix. 
 Altior haec sylvam quondam despexerat omnem, 
 Et gratum domino fuerat vectigal agresti, 
 Innumeros porcos numerosa glande saginans ; 
 Glauca at nunc musci squalet putredine cortexj 
 Nam pulsant rigidae ramalia nuda procellag, 
 Calvoquc informes pascuntur vertice vermes, 
 Eefiorescit honos et brachia nuda putrescunt. 
 Ad latiis huic surgens spinis paliurus acutis, 
 Armatas hamisextollit inaethera frondes, 
 Inque altumjactat ramos, caeloque minatur, 
 Formoso florum vernabat honore superbus. 
 Senjper et aa,restes hue aJventare solebant 
 Pastorum Datas, paliuri ei carpere flores, 
 Quos sunt floricomis solitae interiexere sertis. 
 Saepius istius ramis jnnixa scdebat 
 Prata volubilibus mulcens Philomela susurris : 
 Hinc tanta insano trevit fiducia vepri, 
 Ausit ut annoso convicia fundere trunco, 
 Atque infaecundam multuni exprobare senectam. 
 
 Q-uid stas vernanti jam stipes inutilis agro, 
 Cum tua ntc fructu moles, nee proficit umbra? 
 Aspicis ut nostri.slaxant nova germina flores, 
 J.ilia qui candore, rubore rosaria vincautj 
 
 Ut 
 
Ut vivo vernant folia haec induta virore, 
 
 Qui color innuptam potuit decuisse Dianam ? 
 
 Vestra Ingens la^to mo'es incommoda campo, 
 
 Nostris invlsas ofFundit frondibus umbras : 
 
 Quique tuo can as dependet cortice muscus 
 
 Infecit nostros spirantes Cinnama floras. 
 
 Ergo (en ! praemoneo) procul hinc annosa facesse, 
 
 Ne nostri solvos pretium non vile furoris. 
 
 DIxerat ha?c vepres voce indignatus acerba. 
 
 At nil e contra quercus longaeva locuta 
 
 Cedebat, tristi etperculsa pudore dolebat, 
 
 Probrosis vili dictis a vepre lacessi. 
 
 Inde die quodam (sic fors et fata volebant) 
 
 Intulit hue gressus ejusdem cultor agelli, 
 
 Dum de more suos invisit sedulus agros, 
 
 Condendisque notat quae trabs accommoda telxs. 
 
 Hunc simul ac vidit laeto paliurus in arvo, 
 
 (Ut jam sopitos litis male suscitet ignes) 
 
 Uitro conqueritur, magnaq' ; ita voce profatur. 
 
 O Domine, 6 a quo pendet raea vita, saJusque, 
 SoUicitos ccquo dignare examine questus, 
 Quos nunc extorsit violenta injuria, quali 
 Vestrum ego mancipium (nee spes super ulla) laboro : 
 Et tua ni lapsis succurrat dextera rebus, 
 Me mittet Stygiis dolor insuperabilis umbris, 
 Hostis eb crevit funesta potentia nostri. 
 
 Attonitus multum miseranda voce colonus, 
 Gramineo viridis consedit cespite campi, 
 Atque rubum jussit scelerato pergere questu^ 
 Inde audax caepit phaleratis herbula dictis, 
 (Ambitiosorum mos hie solennis agendi) 
 Artis pigmentis fucatum obtexere crimen. 
 
 O cui cum cunctis famulatur sylva viretis. 
 Qui saris immanes quercus, humilesque myricas, 
 Non tua me teneram defixit dextera plantam. 
 
 Prima 
 
402 
 
 Prima ut sylvestrls lucerem gloria c'ampi, 
 Ilkistrans vernos formosis floribus agros, 
 ^statemque rubris possem ditare racemis ? 
 Hoc ergo unde venit? curannis obsita quercus, 
 Exuccus cujus truncus, ramalia fructa ; 
 Nuda in vicinos quae brachia porrigit ignes. 
 In nos exercet regnum inriperiosius aequo, 
 Obnubens umbra nostrum male grata nitorem, 
 Solaremque mihi discludens invida lacem ? 
 En cariosa meum pertundunt brachia corpus, 
 Manet ut obtrito viridis de cortice sanguis ; 
 Hincimmaturo dejecti tempore flores. 
 Quae prima esse solent capiti gestamina vestroj 
 Saepe etiani turpes, exeso e stipite, bruchos 
 Dejicit in ramos, pars ne qua illaesa maneret. 
 Saepeque canentes calvo de vertice cyrrhi 
 Delapsi vivum florum obfuscare nitorera. 
 Contra haec, atque alia in nostram tentata salutera, 
 Auxilium supplex posco, ut tua, scilicet hostis 
 Late grassantem rcfraenet dextra furorem. 
 Unum hoc, ne prima cogar decedere sorte, 
 Sic haec judicio vestro pensanda relinquens, 
 Oro vicinum perituro arcere periclum. 
 
 His mota, ad causam quercus se accingit agendam, 
 Diluat ut fictum crimen; sed prsevius hostis 
 Irarum tantus exciverat ante procellas, 
 Ut decernendae non sit data copia litis. 
 Hie sua tecta petens, ultrici fervidus ira, 
 Volvtbat sub corde minas, acuitque furorem. 
 Et jam funesta dextra est armata securi, 
 (Hei mihi, tam prompte occurrit scelerata securis!) 
 Jamque relegit iter, solus repetivit agellum. 
 (Quantilla ah opus est ope cui sunt vota nocendi !) 
 Quo minus appellet quercum, gravis obstitit ira, 
 Mollescens sensim ne fors languesccret ardor ; 
 
 Atqui 
 
403 
 
 Atqui in radicem llbratos destinat ictus, 
 Ingeminans tremulo creberrima vulnera trunco ; 
 At saepe inflictse est acies repllcata securi, 
 Et jussa invituin penetrabat corpora ferrura, 
 Detrecuisseoperam videatur adacta securis, 
 Aut timide abstinuisse sacram violare senectara. 
 Nam longaeva trabes multos jam vixerat annos. 
 Cull a nietu patrumque, et religione nepotura: 
 Trail sversoque crucis SKgno, quam saepe rotatam 
 lllani lustrali festus circumtulit unda 
 Sacrificus ; sed cura superstitiosa colentum 
 Vana tuit, miseram nequiens arcere senectam ; 
 Aut jam viciimm trepidanti avertere casum. 
 Nam dominus ferrum tota cervice reductum 
 Vihrat, ut inflicto tremeret sub verbere truncus, 
 Viciiianique videns gemeret properare ruinam. 
 Cumque chalybs mediam penetrarat adusque meduUam, 
 Conuit, et duxit de nubibus acta ruinam; 
 Qua'^savit lassatam immani pondere terram, 
 Cedit et ipsa oneri.late et succussa tremiscitj 
 Ecce cadit qiiercus, nuUo miserante cadentenj. 
 Nunc vacuo inflatus regnat paliurus in agro, 
 Vanaque ventoso turgescuntpectora fastu j 
 Sed vigetad lempus non duratura voluptas. 
 Nam tumidis irrumpit hyems armata procellis, 
 Et rigidus gelido Boreas bacchatur ab axe, 
 Pulsansdejecto viduatam robore veprem; 
 Nulla etenim stabat munitus parte misellus. 
 Nunc igitur sera damnat sua vota querela: 
 Namque quod assueto nudatus tegmine stabat, 
 Torpentem glacies mordebat frigore caulem. 
 In terram nutans madido caput imbre gravatur, 
 JEt jam lassa nimis subsldunt pondere terga, 
 Araplius ut nequcant surrecto stipite stare; 
 Turn prostratus humi^ et submersus vertice, cseno 
 
 Obteritur 
 
4.64 
 
 Obteritur pcdibus, carpunt et biachia tauri. 
 En talem vepris sortita superbia finein^ 
 Q.uocl senium sprevit. 
 
 Datnon. 
 
 Ohc; jam satis est, jam finem abrumpe loquclae j 
 Siste gradum, ad nihilum tantis ambagibus itur^ 
 Lassas arrexi lentis sermonibus aures, 
 ]3um fulstri chines ba:rent tellure icfixi; 
 Quinetiam in venis stupidum riguisse cruorem 
 Sentio, et, en, calci concrevit pera gelato : 
 Non f'acit ad tales haec improba fabula casus : 
 Ito domum, pastor, prope jam lux occidit, ito. 
 
 Perhaps I may hereafter continue my transcript of 
 this version; but this will depend on the wishes of 
 my readers, as far as they shall reach me. 
 
 Art. XV. Memoirs of JVool^ ly the Rev. John 
 
 Smith, L.L.B. 1747. 
 
 I 
 
 [continued from p. 285. J 
 
 Bibliography being the principal purpose of my 
 work, I shall take the opportunity of extracting from 
 the learned collections of this author, a chronological 
 catalogue of early and scarce writers on the Commerce 
 of England, or rather of such of them as have touched 
 on the Wool-Trade, the earliest, most important, and 
 sfill increasing branch of British produce. 
 
 I. "A Compendium or brief examination of cer- 
 tain ordinary complaints of divers. of our countrymen 
 in these our days : which although they are in some 
 
 part 
 
40^ 
 
 part unjust and frivolous, yet they are all, by way of 
 dialogue, thoroughly debated and discussed. By 
 W. S.Gent 1581." The dialogue is between "a 
 knight, doctour, capper, merchaunt, and husband- 
 man," and contains the same complaints, almost in 
 the same words, as we have heard in every age, and 
 hear at this day. The husbandman complains of in- 
 closures, to which he attributes the increase of pasture, 
 the dearness of corn, and the rise of rents. The 
 capper confirms him by the augmented demands of 
 his journeymen for wages; and the merchant at- 
 tributes to this cause the decay of towns, and the ad- 
 ditional prices of merchandise in consequence of the 
 rise in the common articles of life, while in fact there 
 never was a greater plenty of corn and grass and 
 cattle. The knight asks, if the produce of the earth 
 be really plentiful, how the high price can be at- 
 tributed to inclosures ? Yet he confesses that the al- 
 ledged dearness exists, and says none feel it like gen- 
 tlemen, whose incomes are fixed. " You raise your 
 rents," cries the husbandman, " and by taking farms 
 and pastures into your hands, rob poor men of their 
 livings." " True," says the merchant. — The knight 
 replies that the gentry are necessitated to do so, to pro- 
 tect themselves against the growing prices of the com- 
 modities which they require. The husbandman re- 
 turns to his charge: " Those sheep," he continues, 
 *' are the cause of all these mischiefs !" The doctour, 
 who appears to be the moderator, tells them they have 
 all cause to complain, and resolves the original of these 
 advanced prices of things into the alteration of the 
 value of coin, on which subject he discourses very 
 sensiblv j and accounts for wool being dearer in com- 
 parison 
 
4o6 
 
 parison than corn, from the former being allowed ta 
 be exported, and the latter too much restrained in that 
 respect ; says that reversing the measures would pro- 
 duce the contrary effect ; and wisely argues that by 
 giving ari equal proper liberty to both ; in that case, 
 notwithstanding inclosures, the balance would be pre- 
 served ; for that the farmer would shift from sheep to 
 corn, and vice versa, as he was likely to find his ac- 
 count best in the one or the other. Indeed the result 
 of the whole dialogue is, that the advanced price of all 
 commodities, which appears to have been the com- 
 plaint of these times, was only a consequence of the 
 increase of trade, and a greater plenty of money than 
 heretofore. It also appears that the price of wool, 
 before the general dearth complained of at this period 
 was 13s. 4d, per tod, and that now, viz. in 158 1, it 
 sold for 20s. and 22s per tod. * 
 
 2. *' A Treatise of Commerce, wherein are shewed 
 the commodities arising by a well ordered and ruled 
 Trade, such as that of the Society of Merchants Ad- 
 venturers is proved to be ; written principallie for the 
 better information of those who doubt of the neces- 
 sariness of the said Societic in the state of the realmc 
 of England. By John Wheeler, Secretarie to the said 
 Societie. Printed at Middleburgh, 1601." 
 
 Smith says, this is the first printed book so nearly 
 related as it is to the subject of these Memoirs. It 
 contains, he adds, a tolerable history thereof, so far as 
 the reign of Queen Kiizabcth reaches, and something 
 higher. . The Merchant Adventurers, who had been 
 the great instruments in procuring the dissolution of 
 
 * Smirb, 1. rii, iir, 113. 
 
 the 
 
407 
 
 the Stlllyard Company, as monopolists^ were now 
 themselves become the object of like complaint, and 
 probably not without reason. * 
 
 3. " A Declaration of the Estate of Clothing now 
 used within this realm of England, 8cc. By John May, 
 a Deputy Aulnager, 1613." Smith says, this writer 
 lays open (not perhaps, without some degree of ag- 
 gravation, in order to magnify his own office) several 
 abuses in the woollen manufacture; which sort of 
 abuses have given occasion to many laws both before 
 and since the writing this tract, and which will be 
 almost constantly found to be one great topic of com- 
 plaint, and subject for reformation, in subsequent 
 writers on this subject, f 
 
 4. " The Trade's Increase, 1615." This is a com- 
 plaint of the decay of the English navigation, which 
 the writer ascribes to the great consumption of mari- 
 ners in the East India Trade. 
 
 5. "The Defence of Trade, i5i5," a pamphlet, in 
 answer to the last, by Sir Dudley Digges. 
 
 6. " Touching Manufactory: a Letter to King 
 James; being part of a Tract, entitled. Observations 
 touching Trade and Commerce with the Hollander, 
 and other nations, as presented to King James, and 
 commonly said (Smith thinks untruly) to have been 
 wrote by Sir Walter Raleigh, and, as such, printed 
 with his Remains, London, 1702, but written, if 
 not published, before 1616." The real author is sup- 
 posed to have been John Keymer. Smith is anxious 
 to acquit Raleigh of it, to whose memory he thinks it 
 does no credit. 
 
 * Smith, I. p. 116. ■\ Ibid p. 129. 
 
 7. " Free 
 
468 
 
 7. ^* Free Trade: or the means to make trade 
 flourish; wherein the causes of the decay of trade in 
 this kingdom are discovered, and the remedies also to 
 remove the same are represented. London, 1622, By 
 E. Misselden of Hackney, Merchant." 
 
 As one special cause, as well as effect, of the decay of 
 trade, this author assigns the want of money; which 
 want he in a great measure accounts for " by the excess 
 of the kingdom in their consumption of foreign com- 
 modities, such as the wines of Spain, France, of the 
 Rhine, the Levant, arid the Islands, the raisins of 
 Spain, the corints of the Levant, the lawns and cam- 
 bricks of Hannault and the Netherlands, the silks of 
 Italy'* &c. and then proceeds to the head of drapery. 
 
 8. *' An Answer to a Treatise of Free Trade lately 
 published. By Gerard Malynes, Merchant. London, 
 
 1622." 
 
 Oldys, in his "British Librarian," p. 96, has given 
 a full account of this book. It seems that this author 
 had published a tract as early as 1601, entitled "A 
 Treatise of the Canker of England's Commonwealth," 
 which was chiefly about exchange, and contained a 
 passage relative to the Cloth Trade, that drew forth 
 the reflections of Misselden ; on which occasion came 
 forth the above answer. Misselden had, it appears, 
 omitted to handle the mystery of exchange between 
 us and other nations ; his only scope being to have the 
 monies of the kingdom enhanced in price, and the 
 foreion coins inconveniently made current in the realm 
 
 at high rates. 
 
 Oldys says in a note, that " Malynes, the knowing 
 and ingenious author of this scarce and curious tract, 
 who thus spent forty years in the study of means to 
 
 enrich 
 
409 
 
 tHrich his country by traffic, was a person of such 
 .considerable note for his abihties, that he was often 
 called to the Council-Table, both in Queen Eliza- 
 beth's reign and King James's, for his opinion in mer- 
 cantile affairs. He was appointed one of the Com- 
 missioners of Trade in the Low Countries, for settlinsr 
 the value of monies about 1586. He was afterwards 
 a Commissioner also at home in the year 1600 for 
 establishing the true par of exchange ; and upon the 
 laws enacted in the fourth year of King James, for the 
 making of good and true cloth, he-exhibited a demon- 
 stration to the Lords of the Privy Council, shewing 
 the weight, length, and breadth of all sorts of cloths; 
 and that weight and measure do controul each other ; 
 whereby the merchant, who buys the cloth, may be 
 enabled to find out the fraud and deceit of the clothier. 
 We find also that he published several other books 
 besides this, as, near thirty years before, ^' the Canker 
 of England's Commmonwealth" above-mentioned ; 
 also '' England's View;" and that he now had under 
 the press, a volume, entitled ^* Lex Mercatoria, or, 
 the ancient Law Merchant," wherein the dangerous, 
 rocks to be avoided in the course of traffic, and the 
 means thereunto conducing, are manifested, for the 
 preservation and augmentation of the wealth of these 
 kingdoms, according to " Jus Gentium;" the know- 
 ledge whereof is of such moment, that all other tem- 
 poral laws without it are not complete. He wrote 
 also " The Royal Merchant of Great Britain,'* which 
 he had now in MS. and perhaps other works." 
 
 This author's " Lex Mercatoria" is still, I pre- 
 sume, a book of authority ; for I perceive that it is 
 eccasionally cited in the learned " Treatise on the 
 
 K £ Law 
 
4ro 
 
 Law of Merchant Ships and Seamen, l8o2, by Mr. 
 Abbott/' who has referred to some of the dictaof Ma- 
 lynes. 
 
 9. '^ The Circle of Commerce, a reply to Malynes. 
 By E. Misselden. 1623." 
 
 Malyncs had affirmed, ^' that the makers of cloth 
 beyond the seas cannot make their cloth without our 
 English wool 5" which was untrue, and exposed him 
 to this reply. 
 
 10. *' England's Safety in Trade's Encrease, most 
 humbly presented to the High Court of Parliament. 
 By Henry Robinson, Gent. 164.1." 
 
 In the late long interval of parliament, there does 
 not seem to have been so much as a sino-le tract on 
 this subject. People who wanted to have them, had 
 another way of obtaining their desired ends of -mo- 
 nopoly, Ice. by licenses and patents purchased with 
 money. And if there were any, and certainly there 
 were several, who disapproved such measures, yet 
 the power of the Crown in the court of Star-Chamber 
 ran too high for any one to risk his liberty and for- 
 tune, for the sake of exposing them, when they knew 
 it could only issue In their own ruin. But now upon 
 the meeting of this parliament, they are presented by 
 Mr. Robinson with a short system of trading politics ; 
 in which, as in most others of the same kind, the 
 woollen trade makes one article. Though the author 
 is not always quite consistent, he is not the least so of 
 writers on this subject. *" 
 
 11. " The Golden Fleece, wherein is related the 
 riches of the English Wools in its manufactures, to- 
 
 * Smith, r. 177. 
 
 getlier 
 
411 
 
 gether with the true uses and abuses of the Aulnager^, 
 Measurers, and Searchers Offices. By W. S. Gent, 
 1636." 
 
 The greater part of this book is a mere transcript 
 of J. May's " Estate of Clothing, 1613." 
 
 12. " England's Interest considered in the Increase 
 of the Trade of this Kingdom. By Samuel Fortrey. 
 First pubHshed in 166^," 
 
 13. "England's Treasure by Foreign Trade; or, 
 the Balance of Foreign Trade is the rule of our treasure. 
 By Thomas Mun of London, Merchant. First printed 
 in 1664" 
 
 This author was a merchant of note, whose name 
 is often mentioned with approbation as a writer on 
 trade'. 
 
 14. '^ A New Discourse of Trade. By SirJosiah 
 Child." Probably first printed about 1667. 
 
 15. " Sir Joslah Child, of Wool and Woollen Ma- 
 nufacture." 
 
 Every sentence of this great oracle in trade carries 
 with it no small authority; but yet we ought not to 
 give implicitly into any of his opinions, without 
 weighing and considering them maturely. 
 
 16. *' England's Interest by Trade asserted, wherein 
 is discovered, that many hundred thousand pounds 
 might be gained to the kingdom by the due improve- 
 ment of the product thereof, more particularly by 
 Wool ; and the evil consequences of its exportation, 
 unmanufactured. By W.C. a servant to his King and 
 country. The second impression. London. 1671.'* 
 
 17. "The Political Anatomy of Ireland. By Sir 
 William Petty. 1672." 
 
 18. "A Letter from Sir William Temple, dated at 
 
 E E 2 Dublin^ 
 
Dublin, 1673, to the Earl of Essex, Lord Lieutenant 
 of Ireland" 
 
 19. *'An Essay to the restoring of our decayed 
 Trade, wherein is described the Smuglers, Officers, 
 and Lawyers frauds, &c. By Joseph Trevers, 1675." 
 
 This author was a clothier, and afterwards in the 
 office of Surveyor of one of the ports of this kingdom 
 at the Cusiom-House. 
 
 2.0. ^' Reasons for a limited Exportation of Wool, 
 1677." 
 
 21. ^' A Discourse, shewing that the Exportation 
 of Wool is destructive to this kingdom ; wherein is 
 also shewed the absolute necessity of promoting our 
 Woollen Manufacture, and moderating the impor- 
 tation of some commodities, and prohibiting others. 
 By Thomas Manly, Esq. 1677." 
 
 This writer, says Smith, had a controversy some 
 years before this, about the rate of interest for money, 
 with Sir Josiah Child, in which Sir Josiah speaks of 
 him as a lawyer. That he was addicted to sophisms 
 is pretty apparent from his manner of treating upon 
 this subject. * 
 
 22. " A full and clear answer to a paper, intituled, 
 *' Reasons for a limited Exportation of Wool." Bv 
 VV. C. J 677." 
 
 23. " A Letter from a Gentleman in Ireland to his 
 brother in England, relating to the Concerns of Ire- 
 land in matters of Trade, 1677." 
 
 24. "^ A Treatise of Wool and Cattle, in a letter 
 written to a Friend, occasioned upon a discourse con- 
 
 * Smitb, I. 267. 
 
 cerniDs: 
 
4T3 
 
 cermng the great abatement of rents, and low value of 
 lands, &c. 1677." 
 
 35. " England's Improvement, &c. By Andrew 
 Yarranton, Gent. 1677." 
 
 This contains, among other things, a dialogue be- 
 tween a clothier, a woollen draper, and a country- 
 yeoman at supper upon the road. 
 
 26. '^ The ancient Trades decayed, repaired again, 
 Sec. By a Country Tradesman, 1678." 
 
 27. " An Account of the French Usurpation upon 
 the Trade of England, &c. In a letter. By J. B. 
 1679." 
 
 28. '^ Britannia Languehs ; or, a discourse of Trade. 
 1680." 
 
 This book is one middling volume in 8vo. treats, 
 like some others, of trade in all its branches ; and is 
 frequently quoted with respect. 
 
 29. " A Plea for the bringing in of Irish Cattle, 
 &c. By John Collins, Accomptant to the Royal 
 Fishery Company. E. Reg. Soc. Philomath. 1680." 
 
 Of this author some account may be foimd in the 
 General Dictionary. " Lord Chancellor Shaftsbury 
 nominated him in divers references concerning suits 
 depending in Chancery about intricate accounts, to 
 assist in the stating thereof; which was some emolu- 
 ment to him, and to the shortenins; of the charge of 
 the parties concerned; from which time especially his 
 assistance was often used in other places, and by other 
 persons; whereby he not only obtained some wealth, 
 but a great name." 
 
 30. " A Treatise, wherein is demonstrated, that the 
 East-India Trade is the most national of all Trades. 
 By ^i^.oTTarfii-. 1681." 
 
 E E 3 This 
 
414 
 
 This pamphlet is thought to have been written by 
 Sir Josiah Child, or at least by his direction, and ap- 
 proved of by the Court of Commitiee of the East India 
 Company. 
 
 31. "A Representation of the advantages from 
 erecting and improving of Manufactories, more espe- 
 cially that of Woollen Cloth 5 with an answer to the 
 objections against this last ; and an account of the 
 present state and success of the manufactory at New 
 Milnes for woollen cloth, serges, silk, and worsted 
 stockins, and of the rules and methods observed by the 
 vindertakers in the managing of it ; with proposals to 
 such as shall be willing to join in that work. Edin- 
 burgh. Printed, 1683." 
 
 32. "Reasons humbly offered by the Governour, 
 Assistants, and Fellowship of Eastland Merchants, 
 against the giving a general liberty to all persons what- 
 soever, to export the English Woollen Manufacture 
 whither they please. 1689." 
 
 33. " The Linen and Woollen Manufactory dis- 
 coursed, with the natures of Companies and Trades in 
 general, and particularly that of the Companies for 
 the Linen Manufactory of England and Ireland; 
 with some reflections how the Trade of Ireland hath 
 formerly, and may now affect England. Printed at 
 the request of a Peer of this realm, London, 1691." 
 
 34. " An Abstract of the Grievances of Trade 
 which oppress our Poor, humbly offered to Parliament. 
 London, 169 /' 
 
 Smith observes that ^' complaints, in general terms, 
 of the bad state of trade, or even, which is more rare, 
 boast ngs occ-=ionallv, of a good one, are so uncer- 
 tainly issued^ just as it suits the views and inclinations 
 
 of 
 
415 
 
 of particular persons or parties, that without some 
 proper vouchers, such as the Custom-house ac- 
 counts, or other testimony of a Hke nature, they arc 
 not to be depended upon for truths. Neither are the 
 poor-rates, though often appealed to, any certain rule 
 to judge by. As towns increase their trade, so will 
 their number of poor, and consequently their parish- 
 rales, increase. Moreover such is the manner of life, 
 from hand to mouth, and the particular improvidence 
 of labouring manufacturers and mechanics beyond 
 those in plain simple husbandry, that as often as there 
 happens either an epidemical sickness, or a scarcity 
 and dearth of provisions, or a rigorous season, to put 
 a stop to their work and their wages ; so often, be the 
 general state of trade and manufacture never so good, 
 will there be great occasion of complaint among that 
 class of people ; and numbers of them will become 
 the objects of relief." 
 
 2^. '* Considerations requiring greater care for 
 trade in England, and some expedients proposed. 
 London, 1695." 
 
 36. " A Essay on the East-India Trade, in a letter 
 to the Marquess of Normanby. By Dr. Davenant. 
 1696-7." 
 
 37. ** Enoland and East- India inconsistent in their 
 Manufactures ; being an Answer to a Treatise, intitled, 
 an Essay on the East-India Trade, &c. 1697." 
 
 The following profound observations of Smith, sug- 
 gested by these pamphlets, deserve constant attention : 
 " The author of the last pamphlet," says Smith, 
 "' orants much more than is necessary in admitting 
 that woollen goods consumed at home do not enrich 
 l;he nation ; since nothing is so certainly enriching to 
 E E 4 itj 
 
4^6 
 
 it, for as much as money saved is money got. But 
 because that is no part of the balance of trade di- 
 rectly, therefore, I suppose, some will have it to be no 
 part of the riches of the kingdom. This is for want 
 .of a full and true idea of what are riches ; of which I 
 cannot conceive otherwise, but that whatsoever enables 
 a conmiunity to li^e plentifully, and contribute 
 largely to the support of Government is, truly and 
 properly, riches. This, a. large consumption of home 
 produce and manufacture, of the latter especially, does 
 certainly. It does not indeed increase directly the 
 stock of bullion in the kingdom; but it does what is 
 much more, it certainly gives a brisk circulation to 
 what is already there. And money itself is not 
 properly riches; i. e. it is not serviceable to a com- 
 munity, but as it is circulated. Now four millions at 
 home, consumed in home manufacture, makes ten 
 times the circulation, gives life to ten times the ex-, 
 pence in provisions, and taxes, that 400,000!. sent 
 abroad in home manufacture does. In short, trade 
 is two-fold, foreign and domestic; and though neither 
 is to be slighted, but on the contrary cultivated with 
 the greatest care and diligence, yet according to 
 "The British Merchant," the latter is of the far 
 greatest consequence. A larger home consumption of 
 home produce and manufacture is a certain advan-^ 
 tage, a less exportation of the same abroad is uncer- 
 tainly so if, tor insia.ice, which is too often the 
 case, to force a vent abio.id, and make more busiiiess 
 and profit to merchants, more in value of consumable 
 commodities is imported upon the whole from foreign 
 couijtri-s, than 's cxpor'cd tliithcr of home produce 
 ancf manufacture 3 in that case, though there is an 
 
 appearance 
 
417 
 
 appearance of trade, and the merchants are gainers, 
 yet the nation really loses. But home consumption 
 of home produce and manufacture is a means of en- 
 riching a nation, as certain, as that improving lands is 
 a means of increasing their rents, although the number 
 of acres are not increased ; while the exporting of 
 home produce and manufacture is only accidentally 
 enriching; i e. provided less in value, of consumable 
 commodities, is imported in return than was exported. 
 I have said thus much, only to shew the great mis- 
 take of those who make light of the home consump- 
 tion of woollen manufactures in England; which is 
 vastly great, and of immense advantage to the nation; 
 not to disparage the ex;oortation of the same, which 
 is also of prodigious consequence, as is every other 
 article of (Air trade, which tends to turn the balance in 
 our favour." * 
 
 38. ^' The Advantage of the East-India Trade to 
 England considered, wherein all the objections to" 
 that Trade are fully answered. 1697-8." 
 
 Smith here takes occasion to throw a censure on 
 Davenant, in conjunction with the author of the last 
 pamphlet, which I am willing to hope was unmerited^ 
 *' Though neither the arguments of this writer, nor 
 those of Dr. Davenant," says he, *' were sufficient to 
 uphold the use of East-India manufactures in England 
 for continuance of time; yet by raising a mist about 
 the subject, they were plainly insiruniental in pro- 
 longing the same for a few years. And that, to some 
 particular traders, was worth the payuig a handsome 
 premium for to such mercenary pens. So that both 
 
 * Smith I. 414. 
 
 the 
 
4i8 
 
 the one and the other, viz. those that paid, and they 
 that received the money, finding sufficiently their ac- 
 count therein for the present, they were none of them 
 over and above solicitous for the future credit of the 
 thing." * 
 
 [To he cont'mued.'] 
 
 Art. XVI. Tracts on the Corn-Trade and Corn~ 
 Laii's. By Charles Smith, Esq. A new Edition, 
 with additions from the Marginal Manuscripts of 
 Mr. Catherwood. To which is now added, a Sup- 
 plement of interesting pieces on the same subject. 
 With some account of the Life of Mr. Smith. Lo?t^ 
 don, printed for Stockdale. 1804. 8yo. /'p. 323. 
 
 These celebrated tracts on the corn-laws had be- 
 come very scarce, till this republication. 
 
 By the brief but interesting Memoir annexed, which 
 is probably to be attributed to the learned pen of Mr. 
 George Chalmers, it appears, that Charles Smith, the 
 undoubted author of the '^ Three Tracts on Corn," 
 which were originally published" (in 1758 and 1759) 
 *' when the want of knowledge on this subject was 
 great ; and have been since demanded by the public at 
 different times, when the scarcity of food made the 
 legislation of corn the most difficult, " was born at 
 Stepney in 1713. His father was Charles Smith, who 
 occupied several mills by descent, and erected those 
 great establishments of the kind at Barking in Essex ; 
 from which he retired to Croydon, where he died in 
 
 • With this ends the First Volume of Smith. 
 
 1761. 
 
419 
 
 1761. Our author succeeded, on his father^s retire- 
 ment, to the occupation of his predecessors: but, 
 having a competent fortune, left the active manage- 
 ment to his partner and relation, while he found leisure 
 to pursue his enquiries at Barking, and discharge the 
 duties of a couniry magistrate. 
 
 In 1748, at the age of thirty-five, he married Judith, 
 daughter of Isaac Lefevre, brother to Peter Lefevre, 
 who had established the largest malt-distillery ia 
 England ; and from henceforth he resided among his 
 wife's relations at Stratford In Essex. Here, inquisi- 
 tive and industrious,- he turned his attention to the 
 operaliors of the corn-trade, and policy of the corn- 
 laws; and was induced by the scarcity of 1757, to lay 
 the result of his labours on this subject before the 
 public. These drew many cornmunications from his 
 friends, which formed afterwards his Third Tract, en- 
 titled, " A Collection of Papers, relative to the Price, 
 Exportation, and Importation of Corn." 
 
 The first tract is entitled " A Short Essay on the 
 Corn-Trade, and the Corn-Laws : containing a gen?- 
 ral relation of the present method of carrying on the 
 Corn-Trade, and the purport of the Laws relating 
 thereto in this Kingdom." 1758. 
 
 The second is " Consideruions on the Laws relating 
 to the Importation and Exportation of Corn; being 
 an Enquiry what alteration mav be made in them for 
 the benefit of the Public." 1759. 
 
 These Tracts were universally well received, and 
 the author lived to see an edition of them published 
 by the city of London ; to hear his work quoted with 
 approbation by Dr. Adam Smith, in his *' Wealth oi 
 Nations;" and to observe his recommendations adoj; led 
 
 by 
 
420 
 
 by Parliament. But in the midst of these enjoyments 
 he died by a fall from his horse, on February 8, 1777, 
 act. 6^. He left a widow, lately if not yet surviving, 
 a daughter Judith, and an only son Charles Smith, in 
 possession of a plentiful fortune, who is now M. P. for 
 Westburv in Wilts, and resides at Buttons, near Ongar 
 in Essex ; and who married his namesake, Augusta, 
 third daughter of Joshua Smith, Esq. of Stoke, near 
 the Devizes, JVI. P. 
 
 Art. XVTI. England's Hclico?i: or^ the Muse's 
 Hai-mony, 
 
 The courts of kings heare no such straiues. 
 As daily lull the rusticke swaines. 
 
 London, printed for Richard JMore, and are to le 
 souLd at his shop in St. Dunstane's Church-yard, 
 1614. ^vo. 
 
 TO THE TRULY VIRTUOUS AND HONOURABLE 
 LADY, THE LADY ELIZABETH CARIE.* 
 
 DeignCj worthy Lady, (England's happy Muse, 
 Learning's delight, that all things else exceeds) 
 
 To shield from Envie's pawe and Time's abuse. 
 The tuneful! noates of these our shepheard's reeds. 
 
 Sweet is the concord, and the musicke such. 
 That at it rivers have been seen to dauncej 
 
 When these musitians did their sweet pipes tucb. 
 In silence lay the vales, as in a traunce. 
 
 * To this lady, the wife of Sir George Carey, Nash inscribes a prose, and 
 Spenser a poetical, production. See Todd's Spenser, I. ixxiv,— See also Cen- 
 sura Literaria, p. 153. 
 
 The 
 
421 
 
 The Satyre stopt his race to hearethem sing; 
 And blight Apollo to these layes hath given 
 
 So great a gift, that any favouring 
 The shepheard's quill, shall with the lights of heaven 
 
 Have equall fate ! Then cherish these (faire stem) 
 So shall tliey live by thee, and thou by them. 
 Your Honour's ever to command, 
 
 Richard More.* 
 
 Such is the title-page, and such the sonnet dedi- 
 cation prefixed to the second edition of England's 
 Helicon. The following are the titles of the additional 
 poems, being only iiine ii; number ; . 
 
 1. An Invective against Love. Bylgnoto. 
 
 2. Dispraise of Love and Lovers' Follies. By Ig- 
 noto. 
 
 3. Two pastorals upon three Friends meeting. By 
 Sir P.Sidney. Printed in Davison's Poetical Rapsody.f 
 See Censura, p.22g, 
 
 . 4. An Heroycall Poeme. By Ignoto. 
 
 5. The Lover's Absence kils me. Her Presence cure* 
 me. By Ignoto. 
 
 6. Love the onely price of Love. By Ignoto. 
 
 7. Thyrsis praise of his Mistresse. By W. Browne. 
 
 8. A Defiance to Disdainefull Love. By Ignoto. 
 
 9. An Epithalamium, or, a Nuptiall Song, applied 
 to the ceremonies of Marriage. By Chr. Brooke. 
 
 In the former list of contents {Censura, p. 224) 
 No. 72, "The Shepheard's Dumpe," is the same ditty 
 with a different title, as No. 141. " Thirsis, the Shep- 
 he^rd to his pipe." 
 
 * The stationer, or perhaps some Keliconlan friend. ~ 
 
 •f- To the article of Davison, p. 2 34, it may be added, that In the Bridge- ' 
 
 water library is another MS. copy of bis veriion of select psalms. See Todd'i 
 
 accouat of Spenser, p. Ixxi. 
 
 6 No. 
 
45^ 
 
 No. 6i. W. S. Mr. Steevens * .suggested that these 
 initials might belong to Wm. Shaskpeare or Wm. 
 Sheares; but they are the property of Wm. Smith. 
 The poem occurs in his " Chlorls, a Complaint of the 
 Passionate Despised Shepheard," 1596. 
 
 71. Under the pasted paper was printed S. W. K. 
 
 77, The signature pasted was M. F. G. i. e. Mr. 
 Fulke Greville, afterwards Ld. Brooke. 
 
 139. I. G. was surmised by Ritson to be John Cough, 
 a dramatic writer. Vide Biog. Dram. I. 195. 
 
 No. 138 is attributed by Walton toSirW. Raleigh. 
 See the Complete Angler, Part I. chap. iv. 
 
 139. A pencil denotation in Dr. Farmer's copy as- 
 signed this to Shakspeare. 
 
 As room for a very short specimen only occurred in 
 a former Number, the following may not be unac- 
 ceptable. 
 
 THE BARGINETf OF ANTIMACHUS. 
 
 In pride of youth, in midst of day 
 When birds with many a merry lay 
 
 Salute the .sunne's uprising ; 
 I sat me down fast by a spring. 
 And, while these merry chaunters sing, 
 
 I fell upon surmising. 
 
 * Mr. Steevens gave 5I. los. for his 410. copy of England's Helicon, at 
 Major Pearson's sale; and Dr. Farmer's 8vo. copy sold foi 7I. los. to Mr. 
 G°orge Eliis. 
 
 •f Mr. Steevens gave the following explication of this term. " The 
 B argine c oi' Ant'imdchus is a phrase equivalent to our Nancy Dawson's Jig, 
 &c. for iai-o-anct, likejVo-, might signify a shor: metrical performance as 
 well as a dance. See note on 7;^ in Hamlet. The term barganet or jig is 
 further illustrated by a passage in Gasroigne's Hundred Sundre Flowers—- 
 *' Mistress and I will oitsones entreat you t) daunce a bargynct,'" y> 223. 
 
 Amidst 
 
4^3 
 
 Amidst my doubt, and mind's debate. 
 Of change of time, of world's estate, 
 
 I spyed a boy attired 
 In silver plumes, yet naked quite. 
 Save pretty feathers fit for flight. 
 
 Wherewith he still aspired. 
 
 A bowe he bare to worke men's wrack, 
 A little quiver at his back. 
 
 With many arrowes filled : 
 And in his soft and pretty hand 
 He held a lively burning brand. 
 
 Wherewith he lovers killed. 
 
 Fast by his side, in rich array. 
 There sate a lovely lady gay,, 
 
 (His mother as I guessed) 
 That set the lad upon her knee. 
 And trim'd his bow, and taught him flee. 
 
 And mickle love professed. 
 
 Oft from her lap, at sundry stowres 
 
 He leapt, and gathered Summer's flowers, 
 
 Both violets and roses : 
 But, see the chance that follow 'd fast ! 
 As he the pompe of prime doth wast, 
 Before that he supposes. 
 
 A bee, that harbour'd hard thereby. 
 Did sting his hand, and made him cry— 
 
 ** Oh, mother, I am wounded !" 
 Fair Venus, that beheld her son, 
 Cryed out " Alas ! I am undone !" 
 
 And thereupon she swoundcd. 
 
 *'Uy 
 
424 
 
 " My little lad," the goddesse saycJ, 
 *' Who hath my Cupid so dismay'd ?" 
 
 He answer'd — " Gentle mother. 
 The honey-worker in the hive 
 My griefe and mischiefe doth contrive^ 
 
 Alasl it is none other." 
 
 She kist the lad : now mark the chance ! 
 And strait she fell into a trance. 
 
 And, crying, thus concluded : 
 " Ah, wanton Boy! like to the bee^ 
 Thou with a kisse hast wounded me, 
 
 And hapless love included. 
 
 A little bee doth thee affiight^ 
 
 But, ah ! my wounds are full of spight, 
 
 And cannot be re cured :" 
 The Boy, that guess'd his Mother's paine, 
 'Gan smile, and kist her whole againe. 
 
 And made her hope assured. 
 
 She suck'd the wound, and swag'd the sting. 
 And little Love y-cur'd did sing : — 
 
 Then let no lovers sorrow ; 
 To-day though griefe attaint his heart. 
 Let him with courage bide the smart. 
 
 Amends will come to-morrow. 
 
 Tho. Lodge. 
 
 This poem. It may be remarked, is much more 
 delicately and more elegantly turned than Spenser's 
 madrigal of Venus, Cupid, and the Bee. See Mr. 
 Todd's edition, Vol. VIIL p. 184. The subject of 
 both, it may be added, is apparently taken from the 
 19th Idyllium of Theocritus. 
 
 Art. 
 
4^5 
 
 Art. XVIII. Reiirenieni. A Poetical Fragment, 
 [continued from p. 289.] 
 
 Then Fancy rises from lethargic chains, 
 
 Beneath whose weight long time oppress'd she lay; 
 
 And as she lifts her hand, and waves her rod. 
 
 Up the long vistas, on the opening lawns, 
 
 I see gay Hope, with all her brilliant train. 
 
 Weave the quick dance, and spread the splendid sho-w: 
 
 But, as the rays from her refulgent locks 
 
 Glancing, invest the distant scenes in light, 
 
 O let no more the falsely-glittering toys 
 
 Of curst Ambition with delusive gleam 
 
 Attract my sight; but be its choice some cot. 
 
 Where in the gentle sunshine of Content 
 
 Domestic privacy endears the day; 
 
 Where Learning spreads her inexhausted tomes. 
 
 And deep Reflection cheats the toil of time. 
 O what are now to me the rancorous looks 
 
 Of scornful Rivalry; the sordid tricks 
 
 Of selfish Artifice; the glance oblique 
 
 Of Slander, spitting, coward-like, its gall 
 
 On the poor victim's undefended back ? 
 What is the sneer of bloated riches? What 
 The ideot toss of Titles, which the spoils 
 Of Fraud, Extortion, Rapine, have acquir'd? 
 They agitate my heart no more; they cast 
 A gloom no more upon my alter'd mien. 
 Intent on other themes, that calm my soul. 
 And elevate my thoughts, with dauntless eye 
 I look on all the ills of life, and view 
 Unmoved " the ministers of human fate," 
 That btill around me lurk. — O balmy breeze. 
 That fann'st this bosom with thine odorous wings, 
 
 F F Still 
 
426 
 
 Still blow, and let me bare it to thy breath. 
 It beats not now with wild tumultuous throbs;- 
 "But thrills with sweet serenity, while calm 
 Hangs the cerulean canopy of Heaven, 
 And Silence the soft light enchanted wooes. 
 
 Now wakes the poet's strain ; from yonder shades 
 Methinks 1 hear the rapturous notes pFOur'd forth. 
 O hail, ye gifted masters of the Lyre ' 
 If, long an alien to your holy rites 
 Lost I have wander'd, once again admit 
 
 • A sad repentant votary to your shrines ! 
 From you he seeks for genuine joy ; from you 
 He asks the charm that bids the gloomiest depths 
 Of Solitude to smile, and peoples all 
 
 The frowning wilderness with heavenly forms. 
 
 O thou, from whose inspired lips arose 
 The tale of " Fairy castles, of brave Knights 
 And gentle Ladies— whose immortal song 
 Fierce wars, and faithful loves have moraliz'd," 
 O say, while haunting savage soils, * amid 
 Barbaric clans, whose discords inide, and yells 
 Of hideous tone, might e'en appall the hearts 
 Of stoutest heroes, say, enchanting Bard^ 
 What but the Muse could soothe those anxious days 
 Of never ceasing peril — She, who bad 
 E'en Mulla's murmuring waters, as thou lay'st 
 Calm on her banks, while Murder stalk'd around. 
 Nurse thy sweet dreams, and cherish for thy lyre 
 The brilliant scenes of visionary worlds ! 
 
 And thou, sublimest Milton, from whose tongue 
 riow'd holy inspiration, when beset 
 With poverty, with sorrow, blame and scorn, 
 " With darkness and with dangers compass'd round,'* 
 
 * Stc Spenser's Soaacto to Lord Ormond, and Lord Grey of Wilton.^ 
 
 Wha$ 
 
What but the Muse, thy dreary rootih could light 
 With glories of seraphic brilliancy ? 
 
 But where, O Nymph, dost thou delight to dwell? 
 What are the scenes, that seem to foster most 
 Thy day-dreams ? High-o'erarching bowers, the sortg 
 Of birds, and lapse of rivers, and the sigh 
 Of Zephyr in the leaves ?— On grassy banks 
 The poet throws his careless limbs, while cool 
 Beneath his feet the rippling current runs. 
 And, as before his half-shut eyes appear 
 Ten thousand glorious shapes, he weaves the lay. 
 And feels unutterable joy, as grow 
 The fairy forms of his creative brain. 
 
 Thou, \Vho could'st ope the fountains of the heart. 
 At whose pathetic eloquence the eye 
 Stfearas with big tears, and sobs the heaving breast, 
 Unhappy Otway I as on Arun's marge 
 Thine infant form was stretch'd, what airy imps 
 Of pure angelic softness hover'd o'er 
 Thy young imagination ! What sweet notes 
 Of inexpressive tenderness and joy 
 With exquisite vibration thrill'd thine ear! 
 O cruel was the fate, that led thy steps. 
 From these the Muse's haunts, (where still she dcigne 
 To linger, and inspire her priestess, her, 
 From whose enchanting lyre awake the tones. 
 That touch the bosom and the fancy fill,*) 
 Led thy young steps to camps and courts impure. 
 Where selfish Luxury and low-born Vice 
 And sensual manners brutaliz'd the soul : 
 Where mean degenerate thoughts beneath the pomp 
 Of glittering vests debas'd the shape of man. 
 
 Ah ! ill-starr'd child of genius, could'st thou waste 
 Thy voice inspir'd on groveling tribes like these? 
 
 f Mrs. C. Smith. 
 
 s V 1 How 
 
4^8 
 
 How did they pfess the fragrance of thy mind, 
 Pluck off its flowers, and rifle all its sweets 
 To veil the poison of their fetid thoughts. 
 Then " throw thee like a nauseous weed away," 
 For very want in loathsome dens to die. * 
 
 Would, thou hadst never left thy native fields. 
 But heard the woods, that whisper'd o'er thy birth. 
 And streams that prattled to thine infant lips. 
 Still to thy manhood murmur ! Then perchance 
 Some new Monimia with yet softer voice. 
 Some Belvidera in pathetic tones 
 Of tenderness e'en yet more exquisite. 
 Had pierc'd our hearts, and lifted up our souls! 
 O form'd of texture too refin'd, of thought 
 Too nice for worldly intercourse, no groves 
 Had been too thick for thee; the chequer'd gloom 
 Had sooth'd the coming phantoms of thy mind. 
 And rang'd them in new visions, beautiful 
 As tints of air-drawn castles ! But the fiend 
 Ambition cross'd thee ; thy inspired voice 
 Was chang'd to mortal ,• and an early grave 
 Was the best gift thy hapless lot could gain! 
 
 Mother of Virtue, Empress of the lyre, 
 O lovely Solitude, with whom alone 
 
 • " Thomas Otway, son of Hiimphiy Otway rector of Wolbedlng in 
 Sussex, was born at Trottin in that county, March 3, 1651, sent to Win- 
 chester school, and thence to Oxford ; but deserted the University i674' 
 He died at a spunging-house, known by the sign of the Bull on Tower-hill, 
 on April 14, 1685, aged about thirty-five yesrs-'Trora Oldys's MSS; — who 
 adds, that " in the collection of Familiar Letters of Lord Rochester, &c. 
 1697, there are six of Otway, written to Mrs. Barry, the actress, in a very 
 passionate and pathetical stile, and much more eloquent than any other of 
 his writings." " Otway," says Oldys, " was more behol len to Cant. 
 Symonds, the Vintner, in whose debt he died 400I. than to all his patrons 
 of quality. See Les Soupin de la Grand 3ietagne, or the Groans of Great 
 Britain, 8vo. 1713, p. 67." 
 
 Sweet 
 
 < 
 
4^9 ^ 
 
 Sweet Sensibility Is safe, to thee. 
 
 Only to thee is my tumultuous heart 
 Fit guest ! Beneath thy peaceful wing subsides 
 The wild confusion, which the shout of mobs. 
 The din of company, the jest, the sneer. 
 Envy's seance look, and Hatred's savage frown 
 Upraise. With thee vanish the empty wish 
 Of mean distinction, the degrading sigh 
 For empty honours j each unholy thought. 
 Ungenerous hopes, malignant prophecies. 
 Resentment, Scorn, Disguise — Yet there are griefs. 
 Not all the calm of silent woods, and streams 
 Scarce murmuring, can ever soothe. Intent 
 Upon the heart the blood-stain'd vultures fix. 
 Gnawing with greedy appetite their prey ! — 
 How oft with eyes upon the ground I sit 
 From hour to hour, while still th' incumbent weight 
 Heavier and heavier grows ! I wish for night. 
 But thro' the night the cowering demons ply 
 With maw insatiate, nor does th' opening dawn 
 Bring ease! Exhausted, lifeless, I again 
 Sink on my couch, and wish again for night. 
 
 Blow all ye winds ! Ye spirits of the storm. 
 Direct the shrieking blast, at which the grove 
 Shakes all its branches, and the forest groans ! 
 O let me mingle in the roaring war 
 Of elements J and rouze this languid frame! 
 Then may the fiends perchance, that torture me. 
 Affrighted fly; and once again my lips 
 Sound undisturb'd the gentle pastoral pipe ! 
 
 [To he continued. ] 
 
 F r 3 Art. 
 
43® 
 
 Art. XIX, The Surveyor's Dialogue divided intei 
 Jive hookes : very profitable for all men to peruse, 
 that have to do with the revenues of land, or the 
 manurancej use, or occupation thereof, both lords 
 and tenants : as also and especially for such as in- 
 dever to be seene in the facultie of survey^ing of 
 mannors, lands, tenements, &'c. By J. N — '■^ A 
 discreet serpant shall have rule oveit an unthrfty 
 Sonne, and he shall divide the heritage among the 
 Irethren." Prov. xvii. 2. Voluntas pro facultate, 
 London, printed for Hugh Astley, dwelling at 
 S» Magnus Corner. 1607. ^to. pp. 244. 
 
 Tills book is dedicated to Robert Earl of Salisbury, 
 by the author, JOHN NORDEN, from his " poore- 
 house at Hendon, primo Januar. 1607." Prefixed are 
 verses of four stanzas, entitled ** The Author to his 
 Booke." Next follow " the Contents of the five 
 Ijooks of the Surveyor's Dialogue," in these words : 
 
 " The first booke containeth a communication be- 
 tweene a farmer and a surveyor of lande ; wherein is 
 jproved, that surveyors of niannors and land are neces- 
 sarie both for the lord and tenant, and in what maner 
 tenants ought to behave themselves towards their lords, 
 in respect of their tenures. 
 
 '* In the second booke is intreated between the. 
 lord of a mannor, and a surveyor, concerning the 
 estate of a mannpr, of the parts and profits there- 
 unto belonging, and how the lord of a mannor ought 
 to deale with his tenants. 
 
 " In the third booke is contained the maner and 
 
 •jnethod of keeping a court of survey, and the articles 
 
 3 to 
 
43 1 
 
 to be inqu'ireJ of, and the charge : how to enter and in- 
 roll copies, leases, and deeds, and how to take the plot 
 of a mannor. 
 
 " In the fourth booke is shewed the maner of the 
 casting up the quantities of acres of al sorts of grounds 
 by the scale and compass, with tables of computation, 
 for ease in accompting. 
 
 ** In the fifth booke is shewed the different natures 
 of grounds, and whereunto they may be bestimployed, 
 how they may be bettered, reformed and amended, fit 
 for all farmers and husbandmen." 
 
 The first dialogue begins with an argument between 
 the farmer and the surveyor on the evils and benefits 
 of the occupation of the latter: as for instance at p. 2, 
 
 "Surveyor. Belike you thinke it free for you to 
 censure other men at your pleasure, and to judge them 
 after your owne vaine conceit, and yet no reply must 
 take hold of your vayne quarrell, that riseth of mecre 
 malice against the innocent. 
 
 *' Farmer. Innocent ? How can that be, when you 
 pry into men's tytles and estates, under the name, for-: 
 sooth, of surveyors, whereby you bring men and mat- 
 ter in question often times, that would, as long tinje * 
 they have, lye without any question. And oftentimes 
 you are the cause that men lose their land : and some- 
 tlmes they are abridged of such liberties as they have 
 long used in mannors; and customes are altrcd, bro- 
 ken, and sometimes perverted or taken away by your 
 ineanes : and above all, you looke into the values of 
 men's lands whereby the lords of mannors do rack their 
 tenants to a higher rate and rent then ever before : 
 ^nd therefore not only T, but many poore tenants elsQ 
 have good cause to speake against the profession,'' 
 
 F F 4 Th? 
 
433 
 
 The surveyor in reply asks, why should not rogues 
 and vagabonds equally cry out against magistrates, 
 &c ? 
 
 . *' Farmer, It seemes, you compare tenants of man- 
 nors, that are, many of them, honest, civill, and sub- 
 stanciall men, to roagues and vagabonds. You forget 
 yourselfe. 
 
 " Surveyor. My plaine words are, that as well these 
 evil members of the commonwealth may speake against 
 the surveyors of the commonwealth, as may tenants of 
 a manor speake against the surveying of their lands 
 within the same. 
 
 *' Farmer. That were strange; for by the one, the 
 whole state of the kingdome is kepte in peace, and by 
 the other many millions disturbed, that might live 
 quietly in their farmes, tenements, houses and lands, 
 that are now dayly troubled with your so narrow look- 
 ing thereinto, measuring the quantity, observing the 
 quality, recounting the value, and acquainting the 
 lords with the estates of all men's livings, whose aun- 
 cestors did live better with little, than we can now do 
 with much more, because by your meanes rents are 
 raysed, and landes knowne to the uttermost acre, fines 
 inhaunced farre hio'her then ever before measurinir of 
 land and surveying came in; and therefore I thinke 
 you cannot but confesse, that other men, as well as I, 
 have good cause to speake of you, and your profession, 
 as I 4oe. 
 
 *' Surveyor. I perceive thjt the force of your strong- 
 est arguments is as before I said, your fear and unwil- 
 lingness that the lord of the manner, under whom and 
 in whose land you dwell, should know his owne : and 
 that you think it better for you, that he should still 
 
 continue 
 
continue ignorant of what he hath, and that your 
 estates should be always hidden, and what injury you 
 doe should be concealed, then that he should be acr 
 quauited with what you hold, and your abuses, hi-, 
 crochments, usurpations, intentions, and wrongs dis.-. 
 
 covered." " If there be cleane and plaine dealing 
 
 among tenants, they need not fear, who look into their 
 lands and estates. But if there be deceits and wrongs 
 against the lord, policiewilleth you to banish anv man, 
 and to barre all the means that may discover them, 
 though equltie and honestie be contented tddiscover all 
 things to the manifestation of truth. Are not these 
 the matters of chiefe importance that disquiet youi 
 The measuring of your lands, the observation of the 
 quality, and estimating the value of your lands. 
 
 '' Farmer. It is true : for these are causes that our 
 rents -are increased, and our fines raised, and this 
 would the lord never d(5, if such as you did not in- 
 kindle the lord's desire, by your too severe scrutatlons, 
 examinations, impositions, and imputations j for were 
 the lords of mannors ignorant of these things, as in 
 former times, poore tenants might have things at the 
 rate they had in forme.r times, 
 
 '^ Surveyor. You impute your great inipositions 
 unto the acte of an honest surveyor, when I will prove 
 the cause is in yourselves. There is no mannor, nay 
 110 farme, be it great or little, farre off, or neere hand, 
 but hath bin, and da\ ly is discovered by private intel- 
 ligencers, lurking in or neere the same, prying into 
 estates, ayming at the quantity, wide, short, or o.ver, 
 seldom hitting right, observing also the quallijy, ancj 
 glauncing at the value of every man's land, and there- 
 fore secretly and underhand do informe the lords of 
 
 the 
 
434 
 
 thefarme, and they being credulous overmuch, and 
 not a little covetous, build their demaunds both of 
 rents and fines upon these most deceivable informa- 
 tions, whereby the lord is abused, and the tenant 
 wronged ; whereas were the things seene, viewed, 
 and surveyed by a judicious and faithfull surveyor, 
 who, upon due consideration, and discreet observation 
 of all particulars, gives in a true and indifferent cer- 
 tificate unto the lord, using rather his uttermost in- 
 devour to moderate and mitigate the lord's excessive 
 demands, then aggravating the validity beyond reason 
 or a good conscience,' you would be of another minde, 
 and I protest, I hold that surveyor a very bad man, 
 that will either for affection or bribe carry a parciall 
 hand betweene the lord and his tenants: yet sith he 
 holdeth as it were the beame of the ballance, he should 
 rather give the better waight to the weakest, respect- 
 ing nothing but a charitable course to be held by the 
 lord, for whom he travaileth with the tenant, against 
 whom, if he speak not, he shall be often suspected of 
 the lord to be parciall. But if there be equal conside- 
 ration on all sides, the lord will beleeve the surveyor 
 deales justly, and the tenant rest satisfyed, willingly ta 
 leave, or rudely to accept, as his owne judgment 
 ac;reeth or disagreeth with the things propounded* For 
 this have I observed, that,.oftQnlimes tenants consider 
 not when they are kindly used, neither see at all times 
 when they arc abused." 
 
 Again, at p. I2. 
 ** Farmer. I will shew by auncient court-rolls, that 
 the fine of that which is now twenty pound, was then 
 but thirteen shillings foure pence, and yet will you say 
 they are now a? they were then ? 
 
 *^ Surveyor, 
 
435 
 
 " Surveyor. Yea, and I thlnke I erre little In it. 
 For if you consider the state of things then and now, 
 you shall find the proportion little differing : for so 
 much are the prices of things vendible by farmers now 
 increased, as may well be said to exceed the prices 
 then, as much as twenty pound exceedeth 13s. 4d. 
 
 *' Farmer. You speake farre from truth, and I mar- 
 veil you will erre so much, pretending to be a man of 
 that reach, that men employ you to overreach others. 
 
 ^' Surveyor. To shew you then an instance, looke 
 into the Chronicle in the time of Henry the Sixt, and 
 you shall finde that a quarter of wheate was sold at 
 Royston in Hartfordshire for twelve pence : and I trust 
 if you be a farmer, you are a come seller, and I thinke, 
 if a man offer you thirty times as much for a quarter, 
 you will say it is better worth. 
 
 ^' Farmer. Was it possible that corne was then and 
 there sold so cheape, and to rise since to this rale? 
 It is very strange. 
 
 '* Surveyor. Not at all : for since there grew such 
 emulation among farmers, that one would outbid 
 another (which in the beginning was little scene) it 
 grew at length, that he that bought deare, must sell 
 deare, and so grew the prices of things by degrees to 
 this rate as now they be, and a farmer gets as much 
 by his farme now as then he did. 
 
 *' Farmer. You erre therein, I assure you : for else 
 could farmers keep as good houses and hospitality now, 
 as they did then, and alas, you see haw unable they 
 be. 
 
 <^ Surveyor. It is true, and the reason is manifest: 
 for where in those days farmers and their wives were 
 (sontent with mean diets, and base attire, and held 
 
 their 
 
their clijidren to some austere govemMent, withcfnt 
 haunting aleliouses^ taverns, dice^ cards, and vain de- 
 •lites pf cliarge, the case is altred: the husbandman 
 will be equal to the yeoman, the yeoman to the gen- 
 tleBian, the gentktaan to the squire, the squire to his 
 superior, and feo the rest, every one so far exceeding 
 the corrupuons held in former times, that I v^ill speake 
 witfeoot reprehension, there is at this day thirty times 
 asinucli vainly spent in a family of like multitude and 
 quality, as was in former ages, whereof I speake. 
 And therefore impute not the rate of grounds to a wrong 
 cause, for to lell you truly, both lord and tenant are 
 gailJyinjt: and yet' they may be both content, for 
 they are as the sea and the brookes : for as the rivers 
 come from the sea, so they runne into the sea againe.'** 
 Thiis it is, that in all ages the same copiplaints be- 
 come the topics of the mob : and two centuries ago, 
 were heard exaftly the same murmurs at increased 
 Tents, increased price of the articles of life, and the 
 luxury of farmers, as we hear at this moment as if 
 they had now first occurred. 
 
 This ** Sm'veyor's Dialogue" was republished i6iOj 
 and again 1618, in 4to, 
 
 JOHN NORDEN. 
 
 John Norden, the author, was of a gentleman's 
 family, probably of Wiltshire. He was educated at 
 Hart-Hall, Oxford, 1564, where he took the degree 
 
 * In p. 1S4 he mentions *•' the commendable booke of Surveying of 
 Master Vakntine Leijjh." 
 
 of 
 
437 
 
 of A.M. 1573* ^^ '^'^^^ a' voluminous author, ac- 
 cordiiig to A. Wood, who enumerates the following 
 titles. 
 
 1. Sinful Man's Solace, most sweet and comfortable 
 for the sick and sorrowful soul, &c, London, 1585, Svo, 
 
 2. Mirror for the Multitude; or, a glass whereia 
 may be seen the violence, the error, the weakness, and 
 rash consent of the multitude. London, 1586, 8vo. 
 
 3. Antithesis; or, contrariety between the wicked 
 and godly,^set forth in form of a pair of gloves, fit for 
 every man to wear, &c. London, 1587. 
 
 4. Pensive Man's Practice. 1591, i2mo, — 40th 
 edit. 1629, i2mo. 
 
 5. Poor Man's Rest ; founded upon motives, me- 
 ditations, and prayers, &c. • Printed several times in 
 8vo. and i2mo. The 8th edition. London, 1620, ismo. 
 
 6. Progress of Piety, whose Jesse's lead into the 
 harborough of heavenly Hearts-ease, to recreate the 
 afflicted souls of all such, as, &c. London, i2mo. 
 
 7. Christian Comfort and Encouragement unto all 
 English subjects not to dismay at the Spanish thre'ats. 
 London, 1596. 
 
 8. Mirror of Honour, vs4ierein every professor of 
 arms, from the General to the inferior Sqldier, may see 
 the necessity of the fear and service of God. London, 
 1597, 4to. 
 
 9. Interchangeable Variety of Things. London, 
 1600, 4to. 
 
 10. Surveyor's Dialogue, as above. 
 
 11. Labyrinth of Man's Life: or, Virtue's. Delight 
 and Envy's Happiness. London, i5i4, 4I0. a Poem, 
 dedicated to Rob. Car, Earl of Somerset. 
 
 12. Loadstone to a Spiritual Life. London, 16 14, 
 j6mo, 
 
 17. Pensive 
 
43S 
 
 13. Pensive Soul's Delight; or, a devout niaA'rf 
 help, consisting of motives, meditations, and prayers, 
 &c. London, 16 15, i2mo. 
 
 14. An Eye to Heaven in Earth. A necessary 
 watch for the time of death, consisting in meditations 
 and prayers fit for that purpose. With the husband's 
 Christian counsel to his wife and children left poor 
 after his death. London, 1619, i2mo. 
 
 15. Help to true Blessedness. 
 
 16. Pathway to Patience in all manner of Afflic- 
 tions, &c. London, 162.6, Sv6. 
 
 He is supposed to be the same, who was eminent 
 for his skill in topography, and wrote *' Speculum 
 Britannix ; or, an historical and chorographical de- 
 scription of Middlesex. London, 1593," in about 
 seven sheets, 4to. ; and about the same time " AChoro- 
 graphical Description of Hartfordshire, in four sheets, 
 4to." He was one of the Surveyors of the King's lands, 
 A.D. 1614. * 
 
 Art. XX. Milton's Cypher, and Harleian Library. 
 
 Oldys in his MSS. says, '^ Milton's cypher for secret 
 communication with others used by the Republicans 
 \inder Oliver, I had among the Royal Letters in Cla- 
 tendon's Collection, which I redeemed from perdition, 
 and presented to my late noble Lord of Oxford; and 
 they are still preserved in the Harleian Library. But God 
 knows how soon that magnificent collection of MSS. 
 may undergo the same dispersion as the printed books, 
 which were sold to Tom Osborne, my neighbour, for 
 less than 13,000!.; though the binding only of the 
 least part of them, by his lordship, cost him i8,oool.'* 
 From Oldys' s Interleaved Langhaine. 
 
 * Woocl>Ath. I. 450, 451, 
 
 Art. 
 
439 
 Art. XXI. THOMAS NABBES. 
 
 ♦* Thomas Nabbes," who was a dramatic writer in. 
 the time of Charles I. " made a continuation of R. 
 Knolles's General History of the Turks, from the year 
 1628 to the end of 1637, collected out of the Dispatches 
 of Sir Peter Wyche, and other Embassadors. He seems 
 to have been secretary, or other domestic, to some 
 nobleman or prelate at or near Worcester. Partly 
 hinted in his poem *' On losing his way in a forest, 
 after he \\^as intoxicated with drinking perry : wherein 
 
 he says, " I am a servant of my Lord's." * 
 
 A farther continuation of Knolles's History was 
 
 made by Sir Paul Rycaut, late Consul at Smyrna. 
 
 Lond. 1679. 
 
 Art. XXn. Addenda. 
 
 Richard Knolles sprung from Northamptonshire, 
 and was educated at Oxford. He died at Sandwich, 
 1610. See Wood's Ath. I. 362, 
 ' John Vicars is well known by the couplet in Hudi- 
 bras, 
 
 " Thou, that with ale, or viler liquors. 
 Didst inspire Withers, Pryn, and Vickars." 
 
 See Nash's Hudibras, III. p. 49. 
 
 Vicars died 1652, aged 72. See Wood's Ath. II. 152. 
 
 There was a second edition of Martin's Hebrides, 
 1716, 8vo. much corrected. Martin was a native of 
 one of these islands, where he lived as a factor^ 
 
 * From Oldys's Interleaved Langbainc. 
 
 Art. 
 
44c> 
 
 Art. XXII T. Liter arij Olittiarij. 
 
 DIED LATELY. 
 
 May 29. Bernard . Hodgson, L.L. D. Principal of 
 Henford College, Oxford ; author of " Translation* 
 of Solomon's Song, 1785," &c. 
 
 Geo. Barr}'-, D, D. of Shapinshay, in the Orkneys. 
 3eep.38r. 
 
 Dr. Donald Smith, Compiler of the Appendix to 
 the Report of the Highland Society, regarding Os- 
 sian's Poems.- See Edinb. Rev. Vol. VI. p. 435. 
 
 At Bath, John Clark, M. D. aged 6.2, Author of 
 '* Observations on the Diseases of Hot Climates,'' &c. 
 
 Rev. John Clarke Hubbard, A.M. Rector of St. 
 John's, Horsleycfewn, Surry, and author of" Jacobin- 
 limy' a Poem, &c. 
 
 July 2. Dr. Patrick Russell, F. R. S. author of " A 
 Treatise on the Plague," and Editor of his brother's 
 " History of Aleppo." 
 
 V Aug. 3. At Harnish House, Wilts, at an advanced 
 age, Christopher Anstey, Esq. of Bath, and of Trum- 
 pington, Cambridgeshire, well known for his comic 
 poem, " The New Bath Guide," Sec. 
 
 Aug. Sir Richard Worsley, Bart. 
 
 5*^* Communications from Correspondents for die continuance and en- 
 largement of this Literary Obituary are partiiuiarly requested. Memoirs, 
 and Lists of Works of deceased Autliors would ke very acceptable, and, it Is 
 hoped, not discreditably recorded by this pubJJcatioa. 
 
 T. Bensiey, Printer, 
 Bolt Coiu't. 
 
44t 
 
 POSTSCRIPT. 
 
 Having thus, by the candid and unexpected 
 Encouragement of the piibhc, brought to a conclusion 
 One volume of the Censura LltERAkiA, it may 
 perhaps be not improper to make a few observations 
 on its contents. Of thfe works here mentioned, some 
 are so scarce that they never occur iii the catalogues 
 ieven of the most eminent booksellers; and if by any 
 chance one of this descriptioii is accidentally met 
 with, it of course finds an immediate purchaser at an 
 textravagant price. But their scarcity alone iu biit a 
 foolish recommendation. Their intrinsic value is for 
 the most part great. 
 
 It is well known, that a copy of Lord Berners's Frois- 
 sart is not to be bought under twenty guineas, if at all; 
 and to the wealthy it is, even at this rate, by no means 
 dear; for it contains a very rich treasure of the English 
 lan2;uaQ;e. The Poetical Miscellanies of the Reicrn of 
 Queen Elizabeth are all rare and vaUtable. Of " The 
 Handeful of Plesant Delites, by Clement Robinson, 
 1584," which appears to have been a popular book in 
 Shakspeare's time,- as he quotes several songs from it^ 
 Only one copy, and that wanting a leaf, now exists. * 
 Both the editions of Ens^land's Helicon are of extreme 
 value, more especially the first. Nor are these the 
 only uncommon books, of which some account is given 
 in this work. I could enumerate only fifteen volumes, 
 here recorded, of which the lowest price, if they could 
 be procured at all, (which would not happen very soon) 
 Vv'ould be nearly 120 guineas. 
 
 *• From the obliging infjrmation of Mr. Srr.Ith. 
 
 G G Ml'. 
 
44^- 
 
 Mr.GiiTord, In his Tntroduclion to the new edition of 
 Massingcr, very justly censures the ridiculous tests of 
 merit set up by vain and selfish collectors. But most' 
 of the books I have mentioned do not derive their claim 
 to notice merely from the infrequency of their occur- 
 rence, but furnish matter well worthy of the attentiont 
 of the most enliohtcncd critic or historian. The reign 
 of the Tudors, more especially of the last glorious 
 heroine of that House, was the reign of poetical 
 genius; and after the fancy, the mor^l charms, the 
 I>oric delicacy, and the harmony and force of language, 
 \vh|^ the Miscellanies of Queen Elizabeth's time ex-- 
 hibit, we observe with astonishment and disgust the 
 lapse of taste and refinement and imagination, of 
 which the main body of the poetry of the three or four 
 succeeding reigns produces such glaring proofs. It is 
 true that in this period arose Milton, and Cowley, and 
 Dryden ; but Milton was so notoriously of the former 
 school, that he never obtained popularity among his 
 cotcmporaries. The inimitable brilliance and beauty of 
 Cowley's genius was so vitiated by the bad taste of the 
 age in which he lived, as to deform almost all his com- 
 positions, and at this day to depress him nearjy into 
 oblivion. Dryden was something younger than the 
 others; and the vigour of his mind surmounted the 
 corrupt habits of the time when he was educated; but 
 I think the character of his talents rendered him less 
 liable to these errors : in truth it will be admitted, even, 
 by his warmest admirers, that he was rather of the 
 French than of the Italian school of imagination; and 
 therefore survived to an asra, when the public opinion 
 was more in coincidence with his own, than it would 
 
 have 
 
443 • 
 
 have been in the days of Spenser, and SackviJle^ and 
 Sydney. 
 
 It has been reported that INIr. Elhs has an intention 
 of giving a new edition of these Elizabethan Collec- 
 tions. He could not make the public a more accep- 
 table present. To myself, who^ though I have had the. 
 hick of obtaining one or two of them, have been ne- 
 cessitated to content myself with short and casual in- 
 spections of others, few books would be more de- 
 lightful. There is a grace of expression, a happiness of 
 sentiment, and an attractive simplicity about many of 
 them, which has never since been equalled. When 
 we afterwards take up the discordant rhymes of Donne 
 and his imitators, loaded with metaphysical subtlety, 
 and remote and pedantic allusions, we can scarcely be- 
 heve he could have immediately succeeded to such a 
 numerous body of writers of pure and unsophisticated 
 poetrv. After *he exquisite song of Marlow, ^' Come, 
 live with me, and be mv love," who could have Eup- 
 posed a nation could have suddenly relapsed into such 
 barbarism ? Even Carew and Lovelace, two of the 
 best love-writers of Charles the First's reign, are far 
 from being free fiom frequent mixtures of disgusting 
 quaintness and conceits, coarse expressions, and in- 
 harmonious lines. 
 
 On articles of liistory, except Froissart, already men- 
 tioned, I have hiilicrto entered but little. Duchesne's 
 Norman Historians contains a vast kind of solid 
 information; and is a book, which noEnglibih scholar, 
 who of course will choose to derive his information 
 from original sources, can, if he wishes to become ac- 
 quainted with the memoirs of his country, dispense 
 with. To the real antiquary, the work afibrus cndicss 
 ■G G 2 ' stores 
 
444 
 
 btures of research and amusement. And I much doubt 
 whether it has ever yet iK-cn sufficiently investigated 
 by any one who has undertaken to compile the His- 
 torv ot England in his native tongue. Of these com- 
 pilers I mean hereafter to give a catalogue and short 
 character. But their number, which I have feared 
 would occupy too large a portion of a commencing 
 publication, and, I will confess, the time and labour 
 required to execute it pioperly, have hitherto deterred 
 me. 
 
 The Parliamentary Chronicle of Vicars is a very- 
 scarce and curious picture of the enthusiasm, hy- 
 pocrisy, violence, madness, and cruelties of the time; 
 and contains many ininutii^ which will delight the in- 
 quisitive memorialist. All the parts are seldom found 
 perfect, as in the copy from whence I have drawn my 
 account. 
 
 There is a narrower department of history, which is 
 generally held in contempt by those who have not 
 cultivated it: I mean the history of families. On this 
 isubject I have only introduced one \vork, to which f 
 have been induced by its comparative importance, and 
 bv the extraordinary antiquity and high rank of the 
 Warrens whom it records. On these points the feir 
 who know me will not impute my forbearance to igno- 
 rance. In truth, I suspect, that here, if no where else, 
 they will give me more credit for my investigations 
 than I deserve. I cannot denv that I have formerly 
 wasted more time than became a wise man in these 
 pursuits; but never, I trust, to the exclusion of mor« 
 liberal studies. From those who would deny me 
 every thing else, I have had full credit for a title to 
 the contemptuous terms of '* A genealogist and a 
 
 herald." 
 
445 
 
 herald." NTever did any one less deserve these denoiiii- 
 nations in the tone in which they were applied. 
 Never did any one judge of a;enius or virtue with less 
 regard to birth, station, riches, or worldly prosperity! 
 Never did any one feel more scorn for mere empty 
 descent ; or contemplate v. ith more indignation a base 
 disposition, low manners, and depraved conduct, when 
 combined with an illustrious genealogy and high and 
 ancient titles! But I have resolved, as I have said be- 
 fore in the very article of the Warrens, never to en- 
 cumber this work with such dry, meagre, ungrateful, 
 and perhaps useless discussions ! 
 
 The Biographical Memoirs, I have inserted, have 
 been principally drawn from the minute and intelligent 
 inquiries, and indefatigable labours of Oldys, preserved 
 in the interleaved copy of his Langbaine. Many of 
 them are curious, and though parts have already been 
 given to the public in the Biographia Dramatica, yet 
 as they are the originals from whence that work bor- 
 rowed them, it became not only amusing but useful to 
 record them in their own form and words. 
 
 On the subject of Political Arithmetic I have en- 
 deiavoured to give a chronological catalogue of the 
 leading books, intermixed with remarks and charac- 
 ters. This may seem to many a ver)' meagre and im- 
 satisfactory labour. But (as Oldys cites from Lord 
 Bacon) " learned men want such inventories of every 
 thing in art and nature, as rich men have of their 
 estates." When w^e first enter on any branch of study, 
 it is palpably useful, to have the authors, to whom we 
 should resort, pointed out to us. " Through the defect 
 of such intelligence, in its proper extent," says Oldys, 
 *' how many authors have we, who are consuming 
 G o 3 their 
 
44<3 
 
 their time, their quiet, and their wits, in searching 
 after either what is past finding, or already found ? In 
 admiring at the penetrations themselves have made, 
 thouo;h to the rind only, in those very branehcs of 
 SiCience, which their forefathers have pierced to the 
 pith ? And how many who would be authors, as ex- 
 cellent as ever appeared, had they but such plans or 
 models laid before them, as might induce them to, 
 marshal their thoughts into a regular order; or did 
 they but know where to meet with concurrence of 
 opinion, with arguments, authorities, or examples to 
 corroborate and ripen their teeming conceptions ?" 
 
 Political Arithmetic is a science, which I regret my 
 inability and want of leisure to pursue with adequate 
 attention. Its results are highly important in the 
 present state of this country. But I cannot boast that 
 they are as consolatory as they are important. Mr. 
 Edward King some years ago published a pamphlet* 
 to prove the utility of the National Debt; and I be- 
 lieve his arguments went to prove its increase a benefit : 
 but he does not seem to have viewed the subject in a 
 light sufficiently comprehensive. An increase of the 
 circulating medium is surely not an increase of the 
 national wealth. In some respects it may facilitate 
 the production of wealth; but in others it destroys it. 
 The augmentation of the nominal price of labour and 
 raw materials must injure the vent of our manufac- 
 tures in foreign markets, and tend to decrease a fa- 
 vourable balance of trade. Nor is this the only evil. 
 If the national riches remain the same, which is as- 
 serted, because it is said that what is paid by one part 
 
 * Considerations on the utility of the National Debt, &c, 1703, Svo. 
 
 of 
 
447 
 
 oP the naU )n is received by another, (an assertion not 
 accurately true, because foreigners carry away large 
 dividends which they may have bought at inadequate 
 prices), yet there is an evil of most serious magnitude 
 jn thus forcing property to change hands. Society is 
 thus lurnpd topsy-turvy ,j there is no permanence iii 
 rank or in estates; adventurers and stockjobbers rise 
 above all thr.i is vcneralile for wisdom or virtue or 
 station ; and the people habituated to a constant 
 sip-ht of chauffes lose all reverence for establishments 
 
 C O 
 
 ^nd become ripe for insurrections, .revolutions, and 
 plunder. 
 
 It seems, as if the possessors of substantial property 
 were novv- mere holders for the benefit of those who 
 <leal in ideal capital. And this misfortune is aggra- 
 vated by the terrific monopoly of these dealers; and the 
 height to which the ingenious system of their artifices 
 is carried: so that while the nation are suffering all 
 
 . the ill consequences of an highly-augmented circulatin-i- 
 medium, all, except a few of the initiated members' of 
 this trafiicj are incurring tiie injuries of a scarcity of 
 this commodity. 
 
 Such at least is the momentary view, v/hich presents 
 itself to me, of this very weighty subject. It is pos- 
 sible that a longer and less distracted attention might 
 induce me to see it in achfferent light. 
 
 Of our trade there is no branch of more importance 
 than our woollen manufacture, and none of which 
 
 J there are memoirs so profound and satisfactory as those 
 of Smith, But it may be doubted whether all the 
 legislative provisions on this subject have been as wise 
 as they might have been. The impediments which 
 the monopolizing spirit of commerce has thrown on 
 G G 4 the. 
 
448 
 
 the exportation of wool have undoubtedly operated as 
 a discouragement to its growth. Still the increase of 
 the foreign vent of this manufacture has been gradualji 
 as appears by the following statements. 
 
 H^oollen Exports. 
 
 
 I' 
 
 s. 
 
 ^, 
 
 166% — 1668, about 
 
 900,000 
 
 
 
 
 
 1699 — 1701-2 
 
 2556i>^i5 
 
 
 
 
 
 1737.8 
 
 4,i58>643 
 
 17 
 
 Q* 
 
 Average of 1769-70-71 
 
 4,323»463 
 
 
 
 q 
 
 Average of 1790-91-92 
 
 5^05^^733 
 
 
 
 of 
 
 What has been the subsequent increase I am not 
 ^t this moment prepared to state, though tlie rise of 
 the general amount of our export trade in British manu- 
 factures, of which this forms a considerable part, has 
 been undoubtedly large. The increase I think of the 
 amount of 1799 above that of 1781. was ^-^^ZZh^^l 
 The corn-trade and corn-laws have been profoundly 
 investic^ated by Charles Smith. But nearly fifty years 
 have passed since his tracts were first published; and 
 perhaps there has now arisen much matter for ad- 
 ditional disquisition. It strikes me that the country 
 banks did materially contribute to augment the prices 
 of corn in the last war ; and that the dangerous, be- 
 cause too sudden, change of their conduct, the conse- 
 quence of the new mode of managing the money- 
 market in London, has since tended to reduce those 
 prices as much too low, as they were before too high. 
 That, whatever be the increase of the issues of paper 
 
 * Smith's Chron.Rtist. IL 510. f Chalmers's Estimate, 1802, p. 2t8. 
 
 money^ 
 
449 
 
 money, the evils of an impeded circulation are alarm-, 
 ingly felt, is demonstrable from the diminished price 
 of land, which has fallen since the accession of the 
 Addington administration, from a free sale at up- 
 wards of thirty years purchase to less than twenty- 
 seven, at which price much land remains unsold for 
 want of purchasers. This is a glooniy symptom, 
 which has never before occurred, since the termination 
 of the x\merican war. 
 
 There are one or two more topics on which it may 
 be proper to say ;^. few words. The Essay by Evelyn 
 on the advantages of an Active Life opposed to Soli- 
 tude suggests many topics worthy of meditation. It 
 pannot be denied, that in the exercise of the duties of 
 a public station, and in the collision of society, there 
 are many pleasures, and many benefits to be gained. 
 The ill Spirits which inhabit retirement are neither 
 few nor insignificant. Languor, Spleen, Misanthropy, 
 Sameness, Grief, Fear, iVjelancholy, and others of that 
 family, are too often found in the abodes ofLoneliness. 
 But on the other hand the noblest virtues flourish best 
 jn that soil. The sublimest efforts of the mind, 
 and exertions of the heart can only be nurtured ainid 
 the silence of woods, and the recluse charms of Nature. 
 Mr. Evelyn seems to have taken the other side of the 
 fjuestlon pnly for the purpose of trying his ingenuity ; 
 for all the habits of his life disprove his sincerity on 
 this occagion. The works which his Solitude pro- 
 duced have spread far beyond the narrow sphere of in- 
 fJividual action and the short span of hufnap life; and 
 his knowledge and his sentiments yet survive in books 
 the registers of his private occupations. 
 
 Of the few original articles in this volume it woutd 
 
 not 
 
45^ 
 
 not become the author to speak. They were intro- 
 duced for the sake of variety; and partly perhaps to 
 shew that the writer of them is not totally incapable 
 of sometimes rising above the humble merits of a mere 
 transcriber. 
 
 If there be any, and I suspect there are very many, 
 who think the publications oF their own age sufncient 
 to enlighten the mind and charm the fancy, and that 
 the revival of obsolete volumes, and the rescue of the 
 ponderous black-letter tomes of more laborious times 
 froni the dust of the shelf, is an useless waste of toil 
 and expcncc, it v/dl not be illiberal to assert that these 
 censurers possess but a very limited acquaintance with 
 the history of the human intellect, and have obtained 
 but an inadequate idea of the force and varieties of 
 ]ano-uas;e. The literature of every period intermixes in 
 its character a tendency to some peculiar faults and 
 corruptions which they, whose habits are exclusively 
 confined to it, will never detect. It is by comparison 
 and contrast that these vices are rendered glaring, and 
 the taste continues acute and sound. But wisdom and 
 erudition are the accumulation of ages, and how can 
 he appreciate the merits of a modern writer, who is un- 
 acquainted with the matter or manner of his predeces- 
 sors. " Doctrina," says my predecessor and relation*. 
 Sir Thomas Pope Blount, in the preface to his Cen- 
 sura Celebriorum Authorum, " Doctrina non sine 
 summo studio et vigiliis paratur. Putare homines 
 divino afflatu doctos fieri, Fanaticorum est; etiam 
 poeta frustra nascitur, nisi ad prseclaram indolem ac- 
 cesserit industria. Atque hinc est, quod pauci revcra. 
 
 * Half-brother to the present writer's great grandmother. 
 
 I docti 
 
451 
 
 doctl sint, (qulcqiud crepcnt scioli) quonlam laborem 
 atque operam ferre nequeunt. Ut autem maximum, 
 quantum fieri potest, fructum ex lectione perciperes, 
 quei'.dam tibi authorum delectum, deque iis varia doc- 
 tissorum honiinum judicia proposuij qu^e si inter se 
 diligenter contulcris, et tuum ipse judicium acuere et 
 confirmare poteris ; et nunquam in nullius pretii scrip- 
 toribus evolvendis oleum atque operam perdes. Quod 
 enim ad ipsius operis' rationem spectat ; hoc se maxi- 
 me nomine commendat; quod inde tibi BdDliothecaui 
 instruere possis ; quam ad rem notitia autorum ap- 
 prime utilis ac nccessaria ; quae nisi adfuerit, ssepe 
 evenit, ut homines in libris comparandis et tempore 
 fiimul etnummis fraudentur. Huic igiiur incommodo 
 %\t occurrerem, hunc laborem exantlavi." 
 
 Samuel Egerton Brydges. 
 
 pet. ]p, 1805. 
 
 INDEX. 
 
GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 A. 
 
 Abbott, Cha. his valuable Treatise on 
 Merchant Shipping, 410 
 
 • Rubt. 3 1 o 
 
 Dr. 311 
 
 .AbelRedivivus ; or, Lives of English Di- 
 vines, "by Tho. Fuller, 311 
 contains the work of several hands, 
 31;; specimen of, in the life of 
 Andrew Willet, i/>. 
 Abilities, ordinary, fit for business of 
 
 society, 1 1 
 Accounts Public, reports of, by Dave- 
 
 nant, 63 
 Active men, best authors, 3 
 Adams, Mr. 336 
 
 7- Tho. 333 
 
 Addison, one of the best prose writers, 10 
 .^glogae duod, Spenser's Eclogues turn- 
 ed into Latin verse by Bathnrst, 390 
 jf.schylus, noted for his eminence in 
 public life, as well as for literary 
 genius, 3 
 ^Ifricus Abbas, 393 
 yElian vindicates philosophers, 4 
 ^■Ethiopian the Fair, a poem by Wm. 
 
 Lisle; some account of, 291 
 Agricola Rodolph, ^^S 
 Akenside, Mark, 386 
 Albino and Beliama, a poem by N. 
 
 Whiting, a full account of, 15^ 
 Alciacus, Andr. 313, 357 
 Alexander the Great, his courage, 301 
 ■ ■ ' Account of, by 
 
 Diodorus Siculus, 290 
 Allde, Edw. Printer, 236 
 Allen, Capt. 33S 
 
 James, 137 
 
 Sir Tho. 38 
 
 Alva, Duke of, 201 
 
 Ames, Mr. his Typog. Ant. J4 
 
 Amsterdam, Population of, 60 
 
 Anderson, Dr. R. his poets, 248 
 
 Andrews, Bp. 312 
 
 Anne, Princess, 174 
 
 ,Anne, of Bretagne, wife of Charles 
 
 Anstey, Christ, his death, 440 
 
 Apianus, Pet. 358 
 
 Apology of Pierce Penniless, by T. 
 Nash, 162 
 
 Apprenticeship argued not to extinguish 
 gentry, a tract supposed to be writ- 
 ten by T. Philipot, 267 
 
 Arderne, Hen. 186 
 
 Ariosto, 345 
 
 Tales from, 234 
 
 Aristotle, see ^-Eschylus, 3 
 
 Armorial bearing of Sir John Cfaandos, 
 128, 137 
 
 Arithmetic political, a chronological 
 catalogue of the writers on, with 
 some account of them, and titles of 
 their works, 59 
 
 Arthur cf Brytayn, a work of Lord 
 Berners, 123 
 
 Arundel, Tho. Howard, Earl of, ac- 
 count of his Embassy by Crovvne, i ji 
 
 Ashbury, Joseph, 17S 
 
 Astle, Tho. 356 
 
 Aston, Ld. 334 
 
 Atlas Maritimus Commercialls, cited 
 by J. Smith, 280 
 
 Aucher family of Bourne, Kent, i6j 
 
 Augu'.tus,his arts, 301 
 
 Authors only can confer immortality, 7 
 
 Avantures Les, de Baron de Fceneste, 
 304 
 
 B. 
 
 B. Sir G. Commentaries on Du Bar- 
 tas, 293 
 
 Bibingtoii, Gervase, 311 
 
 Bacon, Lc;rd Veiulam, the works of 
 his closet more valuable than any 
 Chancellor's official acts, n 
 
 a poem by, 159 
 
 Sir Nicholas, 308 
 
 Bagfield's Ms. 1^9 
 
 Baguall, W, 134 
 
 Bagot, C<pt. 336 
 
 Ball, John, editor of Bathurst's version 
 of Spenser's Eclogues, 350 
 
 Bale, Job. 310, 311 
 
 Ballad 
 
454 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Ballad on a country wedding, by R. 
 
 Baron, i66 
 BalLimore, Ld 173 
 Barginet the, of Antimachus, a poem, 
 
 4.ZZ 
 
 ■ Explanation of the term, ia. 
 
 Earnefield, Rich. 266 
 
 Baron Rob. poems by, 166 
 
 Barry, Geo. historian of the Orkneys, 
 
 his character, 381, 440 
 Barry, Mrs. 183 
 
 Bartas, Du, translated by Lisle, z()Z 
 Bastard, Tho. 266 
 
 athurst, Dr. friend of Dr.Johiison, zoo 
 . Theod. translator of Spenser's 
 
 Eclogues into Latin verse, 3^0 
 Battle-Abbey Roll, 36 
 Baynes, Col. 335 
 
 Beattie, James, 314, 355 ^ ^_ 
 his philosophical studies iiiju- 
 
 nous to his poetical talents, 38j 
 . account of his death and cha- 
 
 racter, 55 
 
 Beaumont, Mijor, 336 
 
 Beauty commended by F.Davison, 232 
 
 Eecanus, Joh. 35 S 
 
 Eecon, Tho. 310 
 
 Bedford, Lucy, Countess of, 40 
 
 Behn, Mrs. 181 
 
 Bembus, Pet. 358 
 
 Benedictus Arins Montanus, author of 
 the distichs to Gall's portraits, 357 
 
 Berengarius, 3 12 
 
 Bernard, Jac. ij^ 
 
 St. 255, 257 
 
 Bsrners, Dame Juliana, 123 
 
 • Baior.y, descent of, 122 
 
 Best, Cha. Poet, zzy, 230 
 
 Betterton, Player, 183 
 
 . Mrs. 183 
 
 Bewe, M. poet, 255, 261 
 
 Bibiiothec£e, not valuable merely on ac- 
 count of the rarity of their contents, 
 but of their intrinsic merits, ^i 
 
 Bitliothcca Harieiana, 281 
 
 Billingsly, Col. 337 
 
 Bins, Capt. 336 
 
 Biography, what are the best materials 
 for, 205 
 
 Biographical Dictionary, 198 
 
 Birch, Dr. T. his transcripts, loS 
 
 Bird, ]\L his Madrigals, 226 
 
 Eerkhampitead, residence of Cowper's 
 father, 212 
 
 Birth empty, eclipsed by noble actions, 
 297 
 
 Eisset, Dr. R. his opinion of the con- 
 stituents of national prosperity, 76 
 
 Black-Letter Colkctuis, their tasteless 
 mania, 5 1 
 
 aiuntjTbo, 338 
 
 Bocatius, Joh. 3kS 
 
 Dodenham, John, supposed editor of 
 
 England's Helicoi:, 217 
 
 Sosinet to, ih. 
 
 Bodin, J. a famous civilian, author of 
 
 the Six books of a Commonvv eakh^ 
 
 Bodleian Library, 54 
 
 Boissard, the oortrait collector, 311 
 
 Bold, Hen, 36 
 
 Bolson, orBelon, P. 178 
 
 Bolton, Edrn. poet, 221, 26, 
 
 Book-worms, Seneca's character of, 5 
 
 Booth, Sir V7m. 1S5 
 
 Borlace, Sir Joh. 191 
 
 Bosscher, Joos de, 358 
 
 Bourchicr, John, Lord Berners, his e5s- 
 
 celient translition of Froissart, n6 
 
 — — Account othim, i2i 
 
 ^ Sir Humphrey, ib. 
 
 Wm. Earl of Ewe, ii. 
 
 A. 263, 264 
 
 Bourdeaux, the famous exploits of Sir 
 
 Hugh of, translated by Lord Berners, 
 
 123 
 Bower, Mr. hit life of Seattle, 5 )t 
 Bowles, Sir Geo. 335 
 Lt. Col. ^;6 
 
 Bowman, Mr. 176, 182 
 
 Boxhall, Sir Alcyne, 146 
 
 Boyd, Walter, his pamphlet on pO'* 
 
 lirical arithmetic, 71 
 Boyl, Job. 338 
 Boyle, Mr. confirms his speculations hy 
 
 experiment, g 
 Boys, Sir Ed w. 338 
 
 Joh. ii>. 
 
 Brace^irdie, Mrs. iS?2, 183 
 BraJbui-y, Maj. 338 
 Bradford, [oh. 33^ 
 Brand, Sir Match. 333 
 
 Frances, ib. 
 
 Rev. Jn. the politician, yi 
 
 Breton, Nichj. poet, 221, 222, 227» 
 
 266, 346 
 Brian, Sir Franc, 124, 2..; 6 
 B;idges of Cowberky, coheir to Chan- 
 
 dos, 14; 
 Bricitol, ropularon of, 60 
 BrltaiiTs' True System, oy M. Pcstle- 
 
 thwaytc, 166 
 Britannia Languei.s, a discourse OB 
 
 Trade, 413 
 British Museum, 54 
 Brook'.', Ld. 3 57 
 
 Ch-iit. poem by, 421 
 
 Drome, Alex. -6 
 Brown, Mr. 33$ 
 
 Briwn, 
 
INDEX. 
 
 45^ 
 
 lown, WiTi. pcet, 39,42,4:1 
 
 Tom, 98, 176, 17S 
 
 Sir Rich. Bart, i 
 
 Bi-yan, Jos. z^4 
 
 BryaiiC,Jacr,b, account o'", 86 
 
 a rran of almost unequalled 
 
 erudition, il>. 
 
 a true Chri-^t'.aii, 87 
 
 Erydall, Joh. his book called Jus Ima- 
 ginis, 165 
 
 Buckhurst, Ld. 346, 348 
 
 Budsus, Gull. 3 5iS 
 
 Buijcelcy, Visct. j86 
 
 Hugh,i8j 
 
 Burns, Rob. 355 
 
 ■' his rare genius, 59 
 
 « his sensibilities inseparable from 
 
 his genius, 3S4 
 
 Burke, Eclm. his skill in political arith- 
 metic, 7 I 
 
 Burnin^' Bush not consumed, one of 
 the volumes of Vicars's Parliamen- 
 tary Chronicle so entitled, an ac- 
 count of, 331 
 
 Butler, Mrs. 1S3 
 
 C. W. England's Interest by trade as- 
 serted, 411; answer to reasons for 
 exportation of wool, 413 
 Cjesar, his popularity, 501 
 " ' eminent in active life, as well 
 
 as for his writiiigs, 3 
 Caft, Maj. 337 
 
 Calendarium Pastorale, a translation 
 into Latin verse of Spenser's Shep- 
 herd s Calendar, by Theod. Bath- 
 urst, 390 
 Cambridge, the Earl of, 133 
 Camden, Holland, the translator of 
 
 liim, 305_ 
 - his' opinion of poetry, ^40 
 
 Camel, M. an opponent of T. Church- 
 yard, 115 
 • Campion, Tho. poet, 229, 230 
 Candish, M. 263, 264 
 
 Tho. 309 
 
 Canterbury Tales, 346 
 ' ■ ' ■ city, chosen for the resi- 
 
 dence of Dr. Lawrence, 203 
 Car, Rob. E. of Somerset, 437 
 CaraccJoll, 209 
 Carew, Tho. 26 
 ■ Sir Alex. 335 
 
 — Sir Ceo. 96 
 
 • ! . ' Lady Eliz. account of, i^z 
 
 Carey, Geo. Ld. Hunsdon, 153 
 
 ' Eliz. Lady, 40 
 
 T " - ' ■■ Sir Henry, 153 
 
 Carey, Ld. Falkland, 1^3 
 
 Ld. 3 34 
 
 Carlisle, Christ. 309 
 
 Carlonet the Breton, i2j, 127, 12'Sj 
 129, 132, 13s, 137, 13S, 139, 143 
 
 Carnaby, Sir Franc. 335 
 
 Carnarvon, Earl of, 334 
 
 Carpenter, Math. 39 
 
 Carter, Matthew, his book of the Ken- 
 tish Lisurrectlon, 164 
 
 his book of heraldry, 16^ 
 
 Carveuil, Gasper, his Tiade of Mar- 
 seilles, 27S 
 
 Cary, J. his opinion of merchants, 274 
 
 Case, or deCassilies, Sir Bertram, 130,. 
 132, 141, 143 
 
 Cavendish, Gen. 334 
 
 Ciy, Joh. 310 
 
 Cecil, Wm. Ld. Burleigh, 309 
 
 Chaillot, villa near Paris, description of, 
 
 91 
 
 Chalkliill, John, 160 
 
 Chaloner, M. commended for his 
 
 poetry, 348 
 Chalmers, Geo. 64, 418 
 
 his excellent Estimate, 70 
 
 Chambc, Sir John, 130, 141, 143 
 Chambers's Dictionary, 280 
 Chandos, Sir John, an account cf his 
 
 death, by Lord Berners, 124 
 
 " ' by Mr. Johnes, i :;4 
 
 — Ld. his glorious liie and 
 
 death celebrated by Wm.Vv'yrley, 14.H 
 Character, traits of, in extracts from 
 
 Cowper's letters, 20S, 215 
 Charlemagne, 340 
 Charles U. 175 
 
 IX. of France, 302 
 
 Ch artier A'.a'ne, 
 
 Chaucer, Geff. his merits, 342, 344, 34S 
 
 Chauncy, Dr. 201 
 
 Cheek, Sir John, 308 
 
 Chesterfield, Ld. his bad taste in poetry, 
 
 Chettle, H. cited, 30 J 
 
 Child, Sir Josiab, his New Discourse of 
 
 Trade, 41 1 
 Of Wool and Woollen Manu- 
 facture, il>. 
 
 A great oracle in trade, ib. 
 
 Mis tract onE.nstlndiaTrade, 414 
 
 His opii.'ion oii the science 0? 
 
 trade, 274 
 Child, little, a bai companion, 91 
 Cho'.niondeiey, Lady Eliz. i 86 
 ChroniconRusticum Commercir.lej or. 
 Memoirs cf Wool, by R.ev. J. Srnith, 
 a full account of, and extracts from, 
 270,404 
 Churchyard, Thomas, Uj, 291 
 
 Cibber, 
 
456 
 
 im)t± 
 
 Cibber,Cone\', 1S2 
 
 Cicero, famous for active life, as well 
 ab for his writings, 3 
 
 Civil Wars, the nursery of heroes, 301 
 
 of Flanders, 289 
 
 Clarke, John, M. D. 440 
 
 "Rev. Dr. 70 
 
 Clavering, Sir John, 191 
 
 Clifford, Edw. uncle of Sir J. Chandos, 
 13c, 141 
 
 Cokayne, Sir Aston, 27 
 
 Colin Clout, poem to, 228 
 
 Collet, John, 310 
 
 Collins, V.'illiam, 314. 386; remarks 
 on the first rtceptiou of his poems, 
 ^53j his genius commended by 
 Langhorn and Roscoe, 3545 tooab- 
 stract to be popular till upheld by the 
 force of authority, il>. j a ])roof ofthe 
 poetical advantages of yielding to 
 imagination, though not ofthe bene- 
 fit of this surrender to pejsonal hap- 
 piness, il>. 
 
 John, his plea for bringing in 
 
 Irish cattle, 413 
 
 account of him, ih. 
 
 Combe, Thomas, 3 1 3 
 
 Commonwealth, six books of, by J. 
 Bodin, 349 ; subject treated by Pla- 
 to, Xenophon, Aristotle, and Sir T. 
 Moie, 3ji; their plans imaginary 
 and impracticable, ih. ; they had no 
 experience in State affairs, 353; 
 which gave Bodin the advantage over 
 them, i/i. ; this book translated by 
 the author into Latin, and from both 
 French ami Latin, by R. Knulles, i(^, 
 
 Compton, Hen. Ld. 256 
 
 Confessions L"s, de Saucy, 304 
 
 Congreve, Mr. i 7 7 
 
 Constable, Hen. poet, 223, 233^ 266 
 
 John, his Reflections on 
 
 Style, 24 
 
 Cunyers, Col. 33 ;■ 
 
 Cooper, Hugh, i86 
 
 ' Mrs. I 14 
 
 Corn, Tracts on, by Charles Smith, ac- 
 count of, 418 
 
 Cornelia, a novel, by Mrs. Scott, 29, 
 
 Cornisham, Capt. ^t^C 
 
 Cottingham, Capt. 3 3 7 
 
 Cotton, Sir Rob. 96 
 
 Cowley, Ab. his beautiful discourses on 
 Solitude, 105 his excellent prose style, 
 it>. J extracts from, 145 mentioned; 
 386 
 
 Covvper, Wm, his most simple and af- 
 fecting character, 206 j his powers of 
 poetry even under the appearance of 
 <iepai ted intellect, ao? j his sorrows 
 
 counterbalanced by his a'imirabl^ 
 gifts of intellect and heart, f^; a 
 good v.riter of prose, 10; passages 
 from, 11,135 praised, 286; men^ 
 tioned, 35 J 
 
 Couteau, Aiuh. i 20 
 
 Coventry, Mr. of Magd, Col!. 189 . 
 
 Cranmer, Abp. 134,310,312 
 
 Crofts, Sir V/m. 335 
 
 Wm. 65 
 
 Cromwell, Tho. E. of Essex, 308 
 Cross, R's. collection of poems, 1^2, 
 
 177 
 Crown, John, anecdotes of, 172, 18 r 
 Wm, ib. 
 
 Cumberland, Margt. Countess of, 23« 
 Cunningham, 314 
 Cupid, Ode to, 332 
 Curll, Edmund, 24^ 
 
 D. 
 
 Dacres, Sir Franc. 33 < 
 D'Adets de Canmont Mens. 303 
 Dangle, Sir Guysshard, azj, 132,13^ 
 
 1-1-3 
 Daniell, Sam. 1095 poetical addreis 
 
 Daute, 345, 3^8 
 
 D'Argeiiton,Sir Geffr. 12^, 132, 13J;, 
 
 Davenant, Dr. Cha. catalogue of his 
 liolitical works, 61 ; his remark on 
 the bias of merchants, 275 j his Es- 
 say on the E. India trade, 41 ; ; ac-' 
 cused of corru|;tion, 417; his lettets 
 to Electress of Hanover, iji; his 
 son Harry, //'. ; Sir Wm. 179 
 
 Davenport, Sir Wm. 1S6 
 
 Davies, Joiin, of Hereford, poems by^ 
 , 40 j mentioned, 109, 230 
 
 Davis, Sir John, 229, 231 
 
 Davisonj Francis, his Poetical Rhap- 
 sody, an account of, 106, 229; his 
 veision of select psalms, 4215 Wal-^ 
 ter, ic6j Christojiher, 234 
 
 D'Aubigne, Tlieodore Agrippa, an ac- 
 count 6f his life, by f^Irs, Sarah Scott^ 
 293 ; his children, 302 
 
 Deckel, Sir Matth. some account of, C^ 
 
 Denbigh, Kail of, 334 
 
 Dennis, John, 173 
 
 Derby, Alice, Countess of, 154 
 
 Dering, Edward, 3 10 
 
 Devereux, Walter, E. of Essex, 308 
 
 ■ ■ ■ Robert, E. of Essex, 309 
 
 De Witt's Maxims of Holland, 27 S 
 
 Digges, Sir Dud. a pamphlet by, 407 
 
 Dillingham, Wm. editor of Bathtnst'.T 
 version of Spenser's Eclogues^ 390 
 
 Dillingtcny Rgbert, 264 
 
 DIsle, 
 
INDEX. 
 
 457 
 
 Disle, Henry, printer, 2^5 
 
 Disputants, acute, not wise men, 6 
 
 Divines, modern, account of, by T. 
 Fuller, 311 
 
 Do(lall,or Do(ienhan,Symkin, 129,139 
 
 Dodonaeus Remb. 358 
 
 Donne, the poet, Cowper's ancestor, 213 
 
 Dormer, Sir William, 115 
 
 Dorset, Earl of, i2i 
 
 Dousa, |oh. 358 
 
 Dove, Capt. 338 
 
 Dowland, John, 226 
 
 Downes, Prompter, 179 
 
 Drake, Sir Franc. 309 
 
 Drayton, Michael, 220, 221, 222, 223, 
 265; his censure of poets, 162; his 
 description of love, 236; his praise 
 of poets, 237, 247 
 
 Drummond, W. poet, 97 
 
 Dryden, John, 173, 179,248; a good 
 writer of prose, 10 
 
 Dublin, population of, 60 
 
 Duchesne, Andr. an account of his 
 Scrij)tores Normanni, 31; titles of 
 his various works, 32 : his charac- 
 ter, ;/'. 
 
 Dudley, Rob. E. of Leicester, 309 
 
 Ambrose, E. of Warwick, 309 
 
 Dudo, Dean of St. Quintin's, his his- 
 tory in Duchesne, 34 
 
 Duet, Maj. 336 
 
 Dufants, Marquese de, 93 
 
 Dufresne, Mons. 119 
 
 Dufresnoy, 33 
 
 Dugdale, the herald, 20; his Baronage, 
 
 Duke, Mr. 1 78 
 
 Duly, filial, Test of, a novel, by Mrs. 
 
 Scott, 29^ 
 Dutton, Mrs. Eliz. 40 
 
 • Thomas, 41 
 
 Dyer, Sir Edward, poet, 221, 223,224, 
 
 225, 229, 264, 266, 346, 348 
 
 E. 
 
 Eagles, a singular pair, 370 
 East-India Company, in their meridian. 
 
 202 
 
 Eclogufs of Spenser, in Latin verse, by 
 Bathurst, 393,396} of Wither, 42 
 Edgar, king, 292 
 Edinburgh Review, 141 
 Edward VL 308 
 Edwardes, R. poet, 116, 2j5j 259, 260, 
 
 348 
 Edward IlL his Latin rhymes, 341 
 Elec tress of Hanover, letters to, 151 
 Elesmere, Tho. Egertoo, Ld. 40 
 Elizabeth, Queen, 303 ; hsr poeiica! 
 talents, 348 
 
 Ellis, George, 55, 114, 166,422 
 
 Ellison, Sir Geo. a novel, hy Mrs. Scott, 
 29? 
 
 Emmae Encomium, from Duchesne, 
 edited by Maseres, 2" 
 
 Employment, honcurable, instances of,S 
 
 Envy fed by solinul*, 9 
 
 Epigram by G. Wither to his father, 47 
 
 Epita|)h, French, on Sir J. Chandos, 145 
 
 Erasmus, Rot. 358 
 
 Ess'jx, Col. 337 
 
 Estimate of comparative strength of 
 Gieat Britain, by G. Chalmers, an 
 excellent work, 70 
 
 Etherege, Sir Geoige, 174 
 
 Eton, Sir Nicholas, 23 
 
 Evelyn, John, his Essay on Active Life, 
 in jireference to solitude, an account 
 of, I ; character of him, 2 ; of his 
 book, ib.; fallacy of his arguments, 
 9 ; Cowley's addiess to him, i3 
 
 Ewers, Col. 3:55 
 
 Exi>orration hmited of wool, reasons foff 
 412 
 
 Fabianus, his opinion of unprofituble 
 
 science, 6 4 
 Fairfax, Sir William, 337 
 
 Maj. Gen. Charles, 337 
 
 Falkland, Ld. 334 
 
 Families, ancient, overpowered by excess 
 
 of commercial opulence, 76 
 Fane, Rodney, 27 
 Farmer, Dr. Rich, his curious library 
 
 52, 53 ; his ingenuity, it. 
 Faucett, George, dedication to liim of 
 
 England's Helicon, 218 
 Featiey, Dr. 31 1 
 Februarius, yEglog. II. Spenser!, L.i- 
 
 tino carmine donata, 396 
 Felicity of a mind embracing viruie, 
 
 249 
 Feltham, Owen, his book of Resolves, 
 
 24 ; account of him, U', 
 Felton,Mr. 178 
 Fenton, E. 152 
 Fenwick, Col. 33 j 
 Ferdinando Jeronimi, a fable, 11^ 
 Fermor, Hat ton, 336 
 Ferrers, Edward, poet, character of, 348 
 Fesvyll, Sir Baudwyn, 12^ 
 Ficinus Marsil, 358 
 Fischerus, Jo. 358 
 Fitzsimons, Major, 338 
 Fitzvvilliam, Visct. 65 
 Flanders, Civil Wars of, 2S9 
 Fleece the Golden, or the riches of^ 
 
 English Wool, by W. S 28c, 410 
 Flower, the Herald, 20 
 
 II H F«rtrey, 
 
458 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Fortiey,Sam. his Tract called England's 
 Interest in inciease of trade, 41 1 
 
 Fortune's Tennis D3II, by R. Baron, 166 
 
 Fortune and Fame, on, a poem, z^z 
 
 Foster, James, 97 
 
 Fox, John, 3 10 
 
 — — Master, 311 
 
 Francis I. fond of learning and learned 
 men, 4 
 
 » — II. of France, 30Z 
 
 Franklin, Thomas, 338 
 
 Franville, Sii- Baldwin, 135 
 
 Fraunce, Abraham, 109 
 
 French, their character, gz 
 
 Frisius Gemm. 3^8 
 
 Frobisher, Sir Mart. 309 
 
 Froissart, John, his Chronicles, tran- 
 slated by Lord Berners, 116 3 by T. 
 Johnes, 119 
 
 Pry, Capt. 337 
 
 Fuller, Thomas, 311 
 
 G. 
 
 Gage, Sir Henry, 335 
 
 Gall, Pliilip, his portraits of learned 
 men, 357 
 
 Garden the, of Cowley, 1 8 
 
 Gaidiuer, Lt. Col. 337 
 
 Garlield, Ben. a dramatic writer, 172 
 
 Gascoigne, George, an account of his 
 works and lite, 109, 1105 his cha- 
 racter, 346, 348 ; mentioned, 237 
 
 Gaske, G. 263, 264 
 
 Gataker, Mr. 311 
 
 Gee, Joshua, his remark on the bias 
 of merchants towards theii' interest 
 in the opinions they give on trade, 274 
 
 Gcllius, Jo. Bapt. 3:;8 
 
 Gemma Cornel. 358 
 
 Genius unhappy without the opportu- 
 nity to cnmniutiicate its visions, ■^S^ 
 
 Geraldine, Lady, mistress of Lord Suri-y, 
 
 Gerard, Sir Thomas, i8j 
 
 Gibbon, Ed\v, his projiosal of a new 
 
 edition of the ancient historians, 36 
 Gifford, Wm. his edition of Massinger, 
 
 Cilocrt, Sir Humfr. 309 
 
 Gilchrist, O. G. his account of Wi- 
 ther, 42 
 
 Gildon, C. I 70 
 
 Gillies, Di-. his comprehensive esti- 
 mate of national advantagf, 77 
 
 Gipp?, Geo. 204 
 
 ■ Eliz. widow, iti. 
 
 Rich. 234 
 
 Glemmam, Lady Anne, 41 
 
 (•' lover, the herald, 20 21 
 
 GolJiasi, Arthur, '.hAractcrized, 34S 
 3 
 
 Goldlnj:, P. 121 
 
 Godolphin, Sidney, 231 
 
 Goodhill, Sir Rich. 333 
 
 Gore, Tho. his catalogue of hcraldit 
 
 writers, 269 
 Goring, Mr. 335 
 Gower, John, characterized, 342, 3445 
 
 Gough, J. 266,422 
 
 Grandison, Ld. 334 
 
 Grange, J. 266 
 
 Granger, J. 31 1 ; his biog. hist. 3c'* 
 
 Grants and Resump-tions on, by Dave- 
 
 nant, 62 
 Granville, Sir Rich. 304- 
 
 SirBevilie, 334 
 
 Gra))heus, Cornel. 358 
 Graylhy, Sir John de, 148 
 Gray, Lady Jane, 308 
 
 a poet, temp. Hen. VIII. 342 
 
 Thomas, 314, 386 j his opinion 
 
 of Beattiu's Minstrel, 57 
 Greatness vulgar, soon forgotten in the 
 
 grave, 2c8 
 Greene, Robert, 221, 222, 223, 229, 
 
 265 
 Greville, Fulk, 229, 2''4, 26^, 266, 
 
 34^, 422 ; his life of Sydney, 269 
 Griffith, Col. Edward, 199 
 Grimstone, Mary, 333 
 Grindall, Edmund, 310 
 Grotius, see ^-Eschylue, 3 
 Gulston Lecture, 193 
 Gunter, John, 338 
 
 H, 
 
 Hadrianus Trajcct. 3^8 
 Hafod, seat of Mr. Johnes, 124 
 Hales, Edward, 165 
 Hall,R. 264 
 Hamilton, Duke, 199 
 Hammond, Anthony, 1^5 
 James., il>. 
 
 Hampden, Col, 337 
 Harcourt, Sir Leys, i 25? 132, 135, 143 
 Harding, the poet, 342, 345, 346 
 Harleian Library, sold for less than ths 
 
 binding of the books cost, 438 
 Harries isle, in Hebrides, 3725 air, 
 
 harbours, and lakes, ;7'. ; goats, 373 ; 
 
 chace of deer, il>. ; products, ii. 
 Hanington, John, Ld. 305, 309 
 
 2d Ld. 306, 309 
 
 Harpur, Sir John, 191, 334 
 Harvey, Dr. Gabiie),i62, 229 
 Hayley, Wm. iiis visit to Cowper, 21^ 
 H.iynes, Maj. 338 
 Hayward's Preta;.e to his British Muse, 
 
 i'7> 
 Hawkins, Sir John, 309 
 
 Heailiey, 
 
INDEX. 
 
 -459 
 
 Headlefj Hen. 154; his opinion of 
 Daniel, z],^, 
 
 Hebrides, an account of, 'ee Martin 
 
 Helicon, England's, 1st ediiion, an ac- 
 count of, with a table of contents, 
 2175 names of authors, 265; ad 
 £dition, an account of, 410 ; dedi- 
 dated to Lady Eliz. Carie, ib. ; ad- 
 ditional contents, 421 j poem from, 
 42 z } price of, iii. 
 
 Henrietta, Maria, Q^zy 
 
 Hen. II. of France, 302 
 
 ■ IV. of Fiance, 298, -^oo 
 
 ■ VIII. of England, 30S ; encoura- 
 ger of poets, 342 
 
 — — Prince of Wales, 308 
 Herbert, Mr. Antiquary, his useful 
 book of Tyjiographical Antiquities, 54 
 
 ■ Hen. Earl of Pembroke, 30S 
 
 ■■ VVm. Earl of Penibroke».ic9 ; 
 
 sonnet to, ib. ] patron of poets, ;7>. 
 
 Herle, a friend of Gascoigne, 1 1 1 
 
 Heroologia Anglica, an useful and rare 
 book of English portraits and lives by 
 Hen. Holland, an account of, 305 
 
 Herriok, R. 99 
 
 Hertfordshire, description of, by J. 
 Norden, 43 S 
 
 Hervey, Dr. R. his works, 2015 ora- 
 tion, 19^ 
 
 Hesketh, Lady, assists her relation 
 Cowper in transcribing Homer, 207 
 
 Maj.336 
 
 Ko5'm.in, Sir Henry, 338 
 
 Heynes, Maj. 336 
 
 Heywood, Thomas, 39 
 
 Jasper, z^i, ^58, 
 
 263, 2(54 
 
 262> 
 
 Mrs, Eliz. 478 
 
 Hewytr, Sir George, 174 
 
 " Sir Thomas, ii>. 
 
 Hickes, George, 152 
 
 Hierom of Prague, 312 
 
 Higden, Henry, 181 
 
 Hill, R. 255, 258, 259, 261, 2^4 
 
 History Universal of D'Aubigns, 300 
 
 Hodgson, Bernard, 440 
 
 Holland, Henry, 311, 312 
 
 - — account of, 30; 
 
 Philemon, 305 
 
 ■ Abraham, 306 
 
 Thomas, 311 
 
 Holland's Sea-fight, 306 
 
 Homer, therecorder of AchiUes'sfame,y 
 
 Honours not extinguished by lying dor- 
 mant, 187; non-po, session cannot 
 destroy the right, 189 j only merited 
 by those, who are actuated by public 
 motives, 193 
 
 Hosius Stanislaus, ^jS 
 
 Hotel-Gaini at Pari?, de*crIptioD cf, jf® 
 Hotham, Sir John, ■:,-^^- 
 
 Caj.t. 336 
 
 Houghton, Col. 336 
 
 — — Capt. ii>. 
 
 Howard, Lt. Ccl. :; :;6 
 
 — =• John, Duke of Norfolk; 122 
 
 Howell or Nowell, N. 266 
 
 Hubbard, Rev. I. C. 440 
 
 Huijdesfoid, Rev. George, 200 
 
 Hudibras, :?3^ 
 
 Hi^et, M. on trade of the ancients, 278 
 
 Huguenots, ths lot of, 296 
 
 Humfrey, Laur. 310 
 
 Hunnis, Wm. 261, 26:;, 264, 266 
 
 Hunt, Capt. 33S 
 
 Huss, 312 
 
 Hutchinson, Archibald, political arith* 
 
 metician, 66 
 Hutton, Sir Rich. 335 
 
 Idleness, instances of", 8, 
 Ignorance, prociuced by Solitude^ 9 
 Ignoto, pcems by, zzz, 225, 226, 42! 
 ImitatJis bring every thing into c. n- 
 te?ri])t by excess and affectation, 3 S3 
 India, East, upstarts from, depress the 
 ancient genrry, 184; treatise on the 
 trade of, 413; manufactures of, in- 
 consistent with the English manu- 
 factures, 415 j trade, advantage of, 
 
 Ingoldsby, Lt. Col. 338 
 
 Inscription in a garden by Gascoigne, 
 
 114 . 
 Institution Royal, library of, 356. ^^y 
 Insurrection of Kentish Loyalists, 164, 
 Ireland, politicaT anatomy of, by Petty, 
 
 411 
 Isaacson, Mr. 312 
 Iscanius, Josephus, 39 
 Isocrates, his description of usefully 
 
 knowing men, 6 
 
 J- 
 
 Jackson, Maj. 338 
 Jacob, Giles, 178 
 James, Capt. 336 
 
 Roger, 165 
 
 Januarius, ^gloga I. Spenseri Latino 
 
 carmine donata, 393 
 Jehovah-Jireh, God in the Mount, by 
 
 J. Vicars, 339 
 Jennings, Mrs. 178 
 Jewell, John, Bp. 51O) 311 
 joachimus Camerarius, 35S 
 Johnson, Dr. S«ra. his weakness abouC 
 
 Solitude, 1 J ; his opinion of Beattie, 
 
 17 j hi» wfoiks by Murphy, 160; 
 » y. z ti» 
 
460 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 his early pleasure in Martin's Ac- 
 count of the Hebrides, 359 ; his mor- 
 bid propensities, 385 } his love of 
 contradiction, 3S6 5 his anatomizing 
 pen, ib. ; his cold praises or poets, 
 il>. ; his love of the lower sorts of 
 poetry, ib. ; his neglect of the pro- 
 prieties of life, 3'^7 ; his great talents 
 and many virtues, 58S 
 
 Johnes, Tho. his new Translation of 
 Froissait, 119, 314 
 
 Jonson, Ben, 25, 26; curious anec- 
 dotes of, 94 
 Jordan, Tho. account of, 37 
 oseph, Michael, a rebellious black- 
 smith, IZI 
 
 fosselin, John, 292 
 
 fourney through life, a novel, by Mrs. 
 Scott, 195 
 
 Junius, 312 
 
 ■ Hadrianus, 358 
 
 K. 
 
 Kennet, Dr. 152 
 
 Keymer, John, 407 
 
 Kllda, St. isle in the Hebrides, an ac- 
 count of by Martin, 560 
 
 Killegrew, 165 
 
 Kilmore, Bp. of, 3 1 2 
 
 King, Gregory, his ])olitical works, 6^, 
 64. ; an eminent herald, ib. 
 
 — — Mr. editor of the British Mer- 
 chant, 279 
 
 Lcl. his ingenious work on politi- 
 cal arithmetic, 72 
 
 Kings English, from the Conquest, 305 
 
 Kingsman, Rev. Mr. 200 
 
 Kingston, Earl of, ^^4 
 
 Kinwelmersh, F;anc. j>oet, 25S, 2^4 
 
 Kifpis, Dr. 6^ 
 
 Knights made by James I. catalogue 
 of, by Philipot, 316; very nume- 
 rous, 357 ; not all his friends, ib. 
 
 KnoUes, Rich, translator of Bodin's 
 six books of a Commonwealth, ^49 5 
 his dedication to Sir P. Manwood, 
 ib. j account of him, 439; his his- 
 tory of the Tuikf, 330 ; commended 
 by Johnson, 351 
 
 Knyvet, Edmund, 122 
 
 Kynaston, the player, 183 
 
 Lacie, Capt. 338 
 Lambton, Sir William, 33J 
 Lane, Franc. 390 
 Lansdowne, Ld. 181 
 Larimer, Hugh, 310 
 •Latomus, Jac. ^jH 
 Laud, Abj). 33^ 
 
 Lawrence, Dr. memoirs of, 198 
 
 Dr. Tho. ib. 
 
 Capt. Tho. 199 
 
 SirSoulden, praised, 204. 
 
 Lawrences of Bucks, celebrated by 
 
 Milton, 204 
 Lazius Wolfgangius, 358 
 Learned, works of the, 359 
 Lee, Dr. Richard, 176 
 Nathaniel, anecdotes of, 176, 
 
 iSo, 24S 
 
 Rich. 33S 
 
 Lefcvre, Pete;-, distiller, 419 
 Lcgh, Sir Piers, 185 
 
 I:a!)el, 190 
 
 Leicester, Rob. Earl of, 28 j 
 Leigh, player, 183 
 
 • Mrs. lb. 
 
 Lady, 41 
 
 Leniers, Sir Mawbmny of, 125, 135 
 
 Le Noir, Mich. 120 
 
 Le Tcurneur, M. 94 
 
 Lery, Jakes of, 12S 
 
 Lewis island in Hebrides, 361 } divided 
 into Lewis and Harries, ib. 5 its air, 
 soil, and agriculture, ib. ; harbours, 
 362 f coasts and bays, ib.-j its lakes, 
 363; customs, ib, •, caves, 364; 
 forts, monuments, druidism, 365 ; 
 horses, deer, inhabitants, medicines, 
 366; genius, ib.j idolatry, protes- 
 
 ■ tantism, ib. ; see Hebrides 
 
 Lilly, John, account of, 160 ; his 
 Euphues, ib. ; his eloquence, i6i j 
 his learning, ib. ; censure of him 
 by Dcdsiey, 162 
 
 Lilley, H. Rouge dragon, 17s 
 
 Limburgus, Giib, 35S 
 
 Linus, 340 
 
 Lisle, Wm. Poet, 291; memoirs of, 
 292 
 
 Lt. Col. 336 
 
 Lister, Capt. 338 
 
 Literary men, under restraint in com- 
 pany, 4 
 
 Livesay, Sir Mich. 338 
 
 Lives of English Divines, wanted, 313 
 
 Lluid, Humphrey, I2l 
 
 Lodge, Tho. poet, 162,221, 22^,224, 
 225,227,265; poem by, 422 
 
 London, popularion o:', 60 
 
 Loris, Guil. de, 342 
 
 Loudscn, Sir Ma-.m. 335 
 
 Love, th; Castle of, triiiisiated by Ld. 
 Berner:, 1 22 
 
 Lover in iibe.ty smileth at those in 
 thraldom, 251 
 
 Lovellj Sir Franc. 41 
 
 Lloyd, Lodowlck, 263, 264 
 
 Lower, M.m. 336 
 
 Luxurj', 
 
INDEX. 
 
 461 
 
 Luxury, increase of, among farmers, 
 
 and their families, 435 
 Lfii^tt, poet, 354, 346, 347 
 Lyndsey, Earl ot, 334 
 Lyttehon, Geo. Ld. 88 
 
 M. 
 
 Macarthur, John, 70 
 Machiavil's subtletieB, 381 
 Mackenzie, Sir George, his Essay on 
 
 Solitude, I, 4 
 Macropedius, Georg. 358 
 Maintenon, Madame de, her bigotry, 
 
 -9" 
 Mainwarring, Henry, 41 
 
 MaJynes, Gerard, a vuhuble writer on 
 
 trade, 408 : a character of him by 
 
 Oldys, with some short account, 
 
 409 
 
 Manly, Thomas, discourse against the 
 exportation of wool, 41 z ; his con- 
 troversy with Sir Jos. Child, ii. 
 
 Mansion, on a deserted, the place of 
 the author's nativity, apcecical frag- 
 ment, 80 
 
 Manufacturers, more improvident than 
 husbandmen, 415 
 
 Manufactory, a letter on, attributed to 
 Raleigh, 407 
 
 — — ^— New for woollen clothes 
 
 at New Milnes, 413 
 
 Marcus Aurelius, the golden book of, 
 translated by Ld. Bemers, 1^3 
 
 Mariam, a tragedy, i j; 
 
 Markham, Genase, ^37 
 
 Marlow, Christ. 260 
 
 Marotu?, Clem. 358 
 
 Marrow, Col. 335 
 
 Marshall, T.ho. poet, 264 
 
 Alartin, M. his account of the He- 
 brides, 358 : their climate, soil, 
 produce of sea and land, medicines, 
 religion, harbours, bays, antiquities, 
 ii ; little frequented, 361 ; of large 
 extent, ii.; chieftains, and their 
 customs, 374; their drui's, crimi- 
 nal punishments, hunting, 16. ; 
 pledges of friendship, genealogies, 
 orators, 377 ; invisible oracles, 378; 
 Second Sight, 379 ; opportunities for 
 improvement in trade, 3 So; Second 
 Edition, 439 ; see Lewis a-.J Rona 
 
 Martinists attacked by Lilly, i6; 
 
 Martyr, Peter, 311 
 
 Alary, I'rir.cess, 174, 17S 
 
 Q^of Scots, 106 
 
 < sister of Hen . VIIL i : i 
 
 Maseres, Baron, his edition of parts of 
 Duchesne's Scripcores Normanni, ^9 
 
 Massis, Capt. 3jJ> 
 
 Massinger, new edition of, by Gifford, 
 
 31+ 
 
 Master, Sir Edward, 338 
 
 Mathiolus Pet. Andr. 358 
 
 May, Jn. his Estate of Clothing, 407 
 
 Mazarme, Duchesj of, 173 
 
 Medicis Catharine de, 29 S j her arts of 
 
 wicked seduction, 2^9 
 Mehi Jehan de, 342 
 Mehune, John de, 346 
 Meldrum, Sir John, 337 
 Mecklenburgh, history of, by Mrs. 
 
 Scott, 295 
 Memoirs, private, of D'Aubigne, 304 
 Merchant, British, character of that 
 
 book, 279 ; its opinion of merchants, 
 
 -75 
 Merchants Eastland, reasons against 
 
 general liberty to export English 
 
 woollen manufactures, 414 
 Meres, F. 313 
 Metton, Sir Tho. 335 
 Middlesex, description of, by Norden, 
 
 43 8 
 Middleton, Dr. Conyers, S3 
 Millenium Hall, a novel, by Mrs. Scott, 
 
 .=95 
 
 Milton, 314; his cypher, 43^; Ld^ 
 Chesterfield's taste for, 355 ; praised, 
 426 
 
 Minstrel, a poem of Beattie, charac- 
 terized by Gray, 55 
 
 Miscellany, Poetical, one of the most 
 valuable, 105 
 
 Misselden, E. his free trade, 408 ; cir- 
 cle of Commerce, 410 
 
 Mohun, Ld. 199 
 
 Molineux, S-r Richard, iSj 
 
 Monmouth, Duke of, 174 
 
 Monopoly, manufacturing spirit of, 
 2S5 ; obtained in reiga of Car. 1. 
 by licences and patents, 410 
 
 Montfort, player, 1S3 
 
 Mri. Of. 
 
 Mantgomery Count de, kills. Hen. 11. 
 
 of France, 302 
 Monro, Col. 335 
 Monsey, Dr. 89 
 Montague, Lady Bab, 294 
 
 Mrs. her abilties, 87 ; her 
 
 essay on Shakspeare, 87 ; her skill 
 in epistolary composition, 88 j ori- 
 ginal letter of, 90 
 Visct. 115 
 
 Lady M. Wortley, SS 
 
 James, 310 
 
 Montanus, Ben. Arius, 357 
 Monumenta sepulchr. e;cles. S. Pauli, 
 
 More, John, 310 
 
 H H 2 More, . 
 
4^2 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Mart', Rich, publisher of id edition 
 
 of England's Helicon, 411 
 ' Sir Tliomas, 308, 358 
 
 Morgan, Wm. eminent for his calcu- 
 
 Jations, 70 } answered by Vansittart, 
 
 71 
 Morlcy, M.'s Madrigals, 228 
 Monison, Daniel, 308, 369, 370 
 Motteux, P. iSi 
 Mowbiay arms, 23 
 Man, Thomas, his England's Treasure 
 
 by foreign trade, 411 
 Mynne, Gen. 334 
 
 N. 
 
 Nabbes, Tho. account of, 439; con- 
 tlnuator of KnoUes's history, ib. 
 
 Nantz, edict of, 296, 503 
 
 Na'h, Thomas, 153 
 
 Negative characters condemned, 296 
 
 Ivlerford Maud, 22 
 
 JJeufry, Mons. de, his love of Taci- 
 tus, 300 
 
 New-Holme Manor, co. Oxf. 34a 
 
 Nicholas, Sir Edward, 356 
 
 Nichols, John, 313 
 
 Nicholson, Bn. 35, 120, 132 
 
 Nicholls, Dr. Frank, his medical work, 
 
 192; his life by Dr. Laurence, ib, 
 
 • J hn, M. F. 198 
 
 — Wm. 194 
 
 Nokes, player, 1 8 5 
 
 JJordcn, John, his Surveyor's Dia- 
 logue, accoun' of, 430 5 account of 
 ^im, 4365 his various works, 437, 
 
 438 
 Nortliampton, Earl of, 334 
 Nott, Sir ! homas, 3:5 
 Nowcll, Alex. 310 
 
 • — H. poet, 227 
 
 Kutr, Mr. 338 
 Nuttie, Capt. 33S 
 
 Q. 
 
 Ode, Latin, by Dr. Johnson, aoa 
 
 Odell, Thomas, 97 
 
 Ogiesby, Capt. 338 
 
 Ognell, George, 186 
 
 Oldham, poet, 99 
 
 Oldisworth's MS. 94 
 
 PIdys's Brit. Librarian, 339 
 
 ■ Valentine, 36 
 
 ' ■■ Alex. 37 
 
 Olney, Bucks, dignified by the resi- 
 dence of Cowper, 208 
 
 Ordericus Vitalis, the Norman His- 
 torian, account of, 28, 30, 31, 34 
 
 Orford, Ld. his character of J.Evelyn, i 
 
 Orkney and Shetland isles, a short ac- 
 
 count of, by Martin, 3^9 j by -Dr. 
 Barry, 381 
 
 Orpheu?, 340 
 
 Ortelius, Abraham, 3^7 
 
 Otium sine Uteris, a great infelicity, 3 
 
 Osborne, T. Bookseller, 438 
 
 Otway, Thomas, anecdotes of, i8oj 
 427,428 
 
 Ovid, a distic'n of, 341 
 
 Overbury, Sir Thomas, his observa- 
 tions on France, &c. 269 ; his print 
 by Pass, ih. ; his good wife, and 
 bad wife, and false friend, 270 
 
 Owen, Sir . ^35 
 
 Oxford, Earl of, 163, 258, 259, 264, 
 266, 346 
 
 P. 
 
 Paget, Ld. 346 
 
 Palmer, Sam. 97 
 
 Paper money, augmentation of, dange- 
 rous to subordination and old es« 
 tablishments, 74 
 
 Paradyse of Dainty Devises, a poetical 
 collection of great rarity and value, 
 account of its contents and several 
 editions, 25 j ; with tlic names of 
 the authors, who were contributors 
 to it, 264, 26J 
 
 Paris, population of, 60 
 
 Park, Thomas, his skill in old litera- 
 ture, 55 5 letter to him, from Cow- 
 per, giving an interesting account of 
 his occupations, 21 1 j his edition of 
 Harington's Nugrs Antique, 248; 
 his edition of English poets, 314 
 
 Parker, Abp. 310,312 
 
 Parliament, in the long Interval of, no 
 tracts on wool, 410 
 
 Partney, the Lord of, 125, T32, 143 
 
 Pastorals, Johnson's definition of, i<;, 
 16 j a fragment of one on his plan, 16 
 
 Pass family, portraits by, ^08 
 
 Patronage, superior, of the French, to 
 literary works of National utility, 67 
 
 Peace at home, a tract by Davenant, 62 
 
 Pearson, Major, 422 
 
 Pecle, George, poet, 221, 266 
 
 Peerage, hard case of denial of, in a late 
 instance, 1905 such denial cannot 
 annihilate the right, or the honour 
 of blood, ib. 
 
 Pembroke, Mary, Countess of, 40, 229 
 Wm. Earl of, 109 3 poems 
 
 by, 231 
 
 Philip, Earl of, 177 
 ancient Earl of, 133 
 
 Penkhurst, Stephen, 165 
 Pennington, Isaac, 333 
 
 Percy, 
 
INDEX. 
 
 46s 
 
 •Tercy, Sir Tho. 125, 127, 129, iji) 
 
 ■■ Bp. 248, 261 
 
 Perkins, Wm. 310, 312 
 
 Petrarcha, Franc. 345, 347, 358 
 
 Petit, John, 120 
 
 Petty, Sir Wm. list of his worlcs, 59 ; 
 his death, 61; his Political Anato- 
 my of" Ireland, 41 1 
 
 Peyton, Sir Tliomas, 165 
 
 Phcenix Nest, a collection of poetry, in 
 the reign ofQ^Eliz. by R.S. 267 
 
 Phaer, Dr. poet, ^,i^^, 348 
 
 Philander, Guil. 35S 
 
 Philip de Valois, his Latin rhymes, 341 
 
 Philipot, John, Herald, his Catalogue 
 of Knights made by James I. 268, 
 356; his Villare Cantianum, 268 
 ■■ Thomas, his poems, il). 
 
 Philo, 340 
 
 philology, English, rich materials for, 
 in Lord Berners's Translation of 
 Froissart, 141 
 
 Philosophers, in favour of solitude, z 
 
 Phillips, John, 36 
 
 Col. :,i6 
 
 Pico of Mirandula, 3 
 
 Piers, Col. 199 
 
 Piers Plowman, the ancient poem of, 
 
 ..^44.347 
 Pilkington, Maj. 336 
 Pircheymer Bllibaldus, 358 
 Pitt, Mr. too regardful of trade and 
 
 revenue,as the onl v national strength , 
 
 78 
 I'lantinus, Chr. 358 
 Plato, 3 ; his account of love, 236 
 Pleasures, worldly, fade, a poemt from 
 
 Tottel's Miscellany, 2^3 
 Pliny, elder and younger, both engaged 
 
 in active life, as well as writers, 3 
 Plunket, Cipt. 336 
 Plutarcii, his treatise *' Plii'osophan- 
 
 dum esse cum principibus," 5 
 Plymouth, Ld. 180 
 Pocula Castalia, poems so called by R. 
 
 Baron, an account of, 166 
 Poems to Colin Clout, 228 ; titles of, 
 
 in England's Helicon, 223, 228, 
 
 321 ; titles of, in the Paradise of 
 
 Dainty Devices, 257 
 poets best writers of prose, 10 
 Poetry, delight in the composition of, a 
 
 counterpoise to acute miseries, 216; 
 
 genuine, not calculated for universal 
 
 taste, 35? : familiar, more adapted 
 
 to the mob, ib. j best cultivated in 
 
 youth, 382 ; not produced by persons 
 
 of cold hearts, 3 89 
 Poictiers, William, of, 29 
 Pule, Cardinal Reginald, 30 
 
 Pole of Radbournc, coheir to Chandos, 
 
 14s 
 
 Politianus, Aug. 357 
 Political Arithmetic, a long catalogue 
 of authors on this subject, with re- 
 marks and characters, 65 
 Pollard, Maj. 336 
 Polybius, 3 
 
 Pons, the Lord of, 125, 135 
 Pontchardon, Sir P..ith. of, 125', 13^ 
 Pope, Mr. verses to, by Shenstone, 241 
 Popeliniere, La, Histoire des Hist. 119 
 Popha;n, Hugh, 338 
 Population, estimates of, by Petty, 60 ; 
 
 by Gregory King, 64 
 Port, Sir Hugh, 22 
 
 Portraits, genuine, 306; valuable 
 in Holland's Heroologia, 308 ^ ia 
 Gall's Effigies, 3 57 
 Portrait of Cowper's mother, his feel- 
 ings on seeing it, 213 
 Posthumous fame, the desire of, an 
 
 universal feel'ng, 216 
 Postlethwayte, Malachi, account of, 66j 
 
 his complaints of neglect, 68 
 Potter, Rev. Rob. an eminent Greek 
 
 scholar and poet, account of, 85 
 Poynton Hall, Cheshire, 191 
 Power, balance of, by Davcnant, 6i 
 Praise necessary to some minds, 212 
 Price, Dr. R. 69 
 Prideaux, Col. 33J 
 Priests, six, 337 
 Piogresses of Q^Eliz. account of, by 
 
 Nicholls, 313 
 Pue, Capt. 338 
 Pulmannus, Theod. ^58 
 Pultcaey, Earl of Bath, 88 
 Purcell, Henry, 17S 
 Purvey, Maj. 336 
 
 Puttenham's Art cf English Poetry, ac- 
 count of, 339; written long before 
 published, ;i'.j very curious and en- 
 tertaining, il>. ; descants on the ho- 
 nours. Sec. of the profession, 340 ; 
 alluded to by Camden, it. ; regrets 
 that writers of poetry do not now like 
 to have their names published, 343 ; 
 inconsistent with the ample list in 
 Ritson, ii>. ; treats on Latin and 
 Greek poetry, it. ; characterizes 
 Chaucer and Cower, 344, 346; 
 Lydgate and Piers Plowman, 347; 
 Harding, Skelton, Wyat, Surrey, Ld. 
 Vaux, Siernhold, Ferrers, Phaer, ii. ; 
 Golding, 346, 348 ; Ld. Oxford, Ld. 
 Buckhurs't, Ld. Paget, Sydney, Ra- 
 leigh, Dyer, Grevillc, Gascoigne, 
 Breton, Turberville,E'!wardes, it. 
 Pynen, the Lord of, 125, 132, 13?, 
 
 143 
 
 H H 4 Quarks, 
 
464 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Quarks, father and son, poetSj 311 
 . Major, 337 
 
 R. 
 
 Raleigh, Sir Walter, as eminent in 
 active life as in the closet, 6; his 
 hatred of drunkenness, 95; his pa- 
 tronage of Den Jonson, ih. j a poet, 
 
 -•i9>23i> 3469 .H'*^' 407* 422 
 Ramondon, Gabriel, 199 
 Ramsay, Lieut. Col. 337 
 Randolph, The. pr.et, 24, 2^, 27 
 Rats in Hebrides, 370 
 Ravi/lins, T. account of, 37 
 Rawlinson, 33 
 Rc3ve, Mrs. Anne, 179 
 Regn.iuld, Fra. 120 
 Rents, their rise attributed to survey- 
 ors, by farmers, 43 1 
 Retirement, a poetical fragment, 386, 
 
 424 
 Reasnerus, 313 
 Revel, Tho. i86 
 Revenge fed by Solitude, 9 
 Revenue, management cf, by Dave- 
 
 nant, 6z 
 Reynolds, John, 31c, 311 
 Rhyme, its general use, 341 
 Uicard , Sieur, Le Negoce d'Amster- 
 
 dam, Z78 
 .Richards, Nath. 3^ 
 /.xider, Timothy, printer, z^lj 
 Ridicy, Nich. 310 
 Ritson, Joseph, his literary character, 
 
 54 5 his imperfecdons, I ?8 
 Roberts, Sir jn. a parliamentarian, ;',S 
 Robinson, Clement, his Handefull of 
 Pleasant I^elites, a collection of po- 
 ems in the reign of Q^ Eliz. 267 
 
 Hen. England's Safety in 
 
 Trade's Increase, 410 
 Rcchesier, Ld. 181 
 Kogcrs, ]ohn, 3 10 
 RomauBt of the Rose, 346 
 Rome, population or, 60 
 Rona, isle in Hebrides, its hsppy in- 
 habitants, 367 5 their customs, &c. 
 369 
 Roper, Col. 335 
 Rose, Geo. 71 
 Rossill, Gcrvase, 191 
 Rouss:au, injured by his Imitators, 3S3 
 ilugcly. Sir Rowland, 191 
 Russeil, Dr. Patrick, 440 
 Rycaut, Sir Paul, his continuation of 
 
 Knoiles, 439 
 Rymer, Tho. account of, 152; hlsto- 
 i-iographer, iSij hi;5 feeder;", ^77 
 
 S. W. Gent, his Compendium of Com- 
 plaints, 405 i gives a dialogue re- 
 garding the high price of wages, corn, 
 &c. ib. 
 
 Sacramenti, the ancient faith of, 292 
 
 Salique Law, 341 
 
 Salisbury, Rob. Earl of, 309 , 
 
 Sambucus, Jo. 358 
 
 Sand, D. Poet, 264 
 
 Sandford, Mr. herald, i 72 
 
 Sanders, Laur. 310 
 
 Sandys, Edwin, Abp. 310 
 
 Sartorius, Jo. 358 
 
 Sauvagc, Denis, 120 
 
 Savary, hlsDIctionaire Universel, 278 J 
 Dictionary of Commerce, 66 
 
 Savonarola, Hierom. 358 
 
 Scaliger, see .ffischylus, 3 
 
 Scott, Geo. Lewis, 293 
 
 Mis. S.irah, her Life of D''Au- 
 
 bigne, 29 ; ; her wurks, 29S \ nic- 
 moirs of, 294 
 
 Walter, his genius, 55 
 
 Scrope, Sir Carr, 17S 
 
 Sfaforth, Earl of, 370 
 
 Sedley, Sir Char, i 81 
 
 Selden, Mr. 96 
 
 Selyard, Tho. 338 
 
 Seneca, see^^'^scllyll;s, 3 
 
 Sensibilities and eccentricities of genius, 
 
 remarks on, 383; despised by the 
 
 vulgar, 304, 388 
 Settle, Elkanah, anecdotes of, iSo, 181 
 Sev.rll, Dr. Geo. 244 
 Seymour, Edw. D. ot' Somerset, 308 
 Shadvveil, Tho. I ; z ; anecdotes of, i jO 
 Sir fohn, i8i 
 
 Shaftesbury, Ld. Chancellor, 413 
 
 Shaksp?are, Wm. 266,422; essay on 
 by Farmer, ^2 
 
 Shapinshay, abode of Dr. Barry, 381 
 
 ShelBeld, Capt, 1 1 2 
 
 Ld. 71 
 
 Sher.stone, V7m. his early p::ems, ac- 
 count of, 238 5 their character, 239, 
 241, 242, 243 
 
 Shepherd Sam's Epigrams, 99 
 
 Shirley, Sir Rob. 41 
 
 Siant, isie in Hebrides, 370 
 
 Sidley, Sir John, 33S 
 
 Sight, Second, Martin's account of, 
 
 . 359,. 368 
 Silvius .-Eneas, 357 
 Simplicity, the aversion of the French, 
 
 . ^3 . . 
 
 Sinclair, Sir fonn, 63 ; his statistical 
 
 accounts, :;8i 
 Skegton, SirR. 23 
 
 Skekon^ 
 
INDEX. 
 
 465 
 
 Skelton, J. peet, 341^, 347 
 
 Skinner, Aug. 338 
 
 Sleidan, his character of Franc. I. 4; 
 
 his epitome of Froissart, 1 1 9 
 Slingsby, Col. 335 
 Sloane, Sir Hans, 19^ 
 Smelt, Tho. 151 
 Smith, Adam, 69 
 — — — Rev. John, his Memoirs of 
 
 Wool, 424 5 preface to that work, ib. 
 — — — Charles, his Corn Tracts, 41 8; 
 
 his life, ib. ; his work well received, 
 
 419 J marriage and death, 420 
 
 William, poet, j;66, 4^2 
 
 ■ Donald, 440 
 
 Dr. 31; 
 
 Sir John, 337 
 
 ——Major, 336 
 Joshua, 420 
 
 Solitude, arguments against, by J. 
 Evelyn in his Essay, i j not neces- 
 sarily passed in idleness, 10; prais- 
 ed as the nurse of virtue and poetry, 
 428 
 
 Somerset, Earl of, false friend to Over- 
 bury, 270 
 
 Sonnet by G. Wither, 49 ; before 
 England's Helicon, ist editon, ai8j 
 before the same, jd edition, 440 
 
 Sophocles, seeiEschylus, 3 
 
 Soulden,Mr. Gabriel, 199 
 
 Southern, Tho. 177, 183 
 
 Specie, stoppage of, 7 i 
 
 Spence, Mr. anecdote by, 173 
 
 Spenser, Edm. 220, 221, 229, 265; 
 edition by Todd, 314; eclogues, 
 turned into Latin verse by Theotl. 
 Bathurst, and ))ublished by Wm. 
 Dillingham, 390 ; praised, 426 
 
 . Sir John, 1 ?3 
 
 Spilman, Tho. poet, 229, 230 
 
 Sprignall, Sir Rich, ht^ 
 
 ■ Anne, lb. 
 
 Springet, Sir Wm. 338 
 
 Stafford, Sir John, 183 
 
 Stair, Ld. 69 
 
 Standard-bearer, Royal, 336 
 
 Stanley, Tho. 165 
 ■ ■ Sir John, 1S5 
 
 Stapleton, Sir Bri. 325 
 
 Star-chamber, power of, too high for 
 freedom of press, 410 
 
 Stawham, Maj. 338 
 
 Steevens, Geo. 243, 422; his library, 
 
 5^ 
 Sternhold, Thomas, 342, 34J 
 Steuart, Sir James, his book on politi- 
 • cal economy, 151 
 St. Evremont's Letters, 173 
 St. John, U. 337 
 
 St. Julyan, Sir Loys of, 127, 128, 132, 
 
 I37>i38. i39> 143 
 St. Martyn, Jakes of, x^Oy 133, 141, 
 
 144 
 St. Paul, Monsr. 335 
 Stock Exchange, upstarts from, depress 
 
 ancient gentry, 184 
 Stocker, Tho. his works enumerated, 
 
 290 
 Stonestreet, Hen. 38 
 Stonywood, Lt. Col. 336 
 Strafford, Earl of, 334 
 Stuart, Ld, Geor. \b, 
 
 John, 334 
 
 Bern. 334 
 
 — — Sir Francis, 97 
 
 Suckling, Sir J. 166 
 Sunderland, Earl of, 334 
 
 Countess ofj 264 
 
 Surgyeres, Sir Jakes of, 132, 143 
 
 Surrey, Ld.poet, 221, 266, 345, 347; 
 his poems, various editions, account 
 of, 244 
 
 Surveyor's Dialogue by John Norden, 
 account of, 430 } surveyor's pro- 
 fession censured and defended, 43 1 
 
 Sutton, Tho. 309 
 
 Swift, his turn of poetry, 355 
 
 Sybilla, Mrs. 1S2 
 
 Sydenham, Franc. 338 
 
 Sydney Sir Hen. 309 
 
 Philip, his lift by Lord 
 
 Brooke, 269 J his portr.ut, 309 ; his 
 poems, 220, 223, 224, 227, 229, 
 29^ j his discourse of poetry, 340 ; 
 characterized by Puttenham, 346, 
 348 5 eminent for active life, as well 
 as in the closet, 3 j praised by F. 
 Davison, 107, loS 
 Sylvester, Josh, poet, 229 
 
 T. 
 
 Talbot, John, 65, 186 
 
 Talents ought not to be burled, 211 
 
 Tunficid, Sir Laur. 153 
 
 Tannybotun, the Lord, 12^, 132, 135, 
 
 143 
 Tapperus, Ruard, 358 
 Tartagh.i, Nich. 358 
 Talham, John, 38 
 Taubman, Matt. 37 
 Taylor, Dr. 201 
 
 Temple, Sir Wm. letter from, 411 
 Theocritus, Idyllium, imitated, 424 
 Theophile, D. L. author of the Civil 
 
 Wars of Flanders, 290 
 Thompson, Mr. VV. 177 
 Thomson, Ja. poet, 286, 314; his 
 
 rare genius, 59 
 Thornton, Hen. 71 } his treatise on 
 paper 
 
466 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 paper crcilir, discovers many secrets, 
 and afFords new materials for stu- 
 dents in political arithmetic, 72 
 
 Threave, Maj. 337 
 
 Thuanus, see ^schylus, 3 
 
 Thynne, Sir Hen. 41 
 
 Sir James, 165 
 
 Tilney, Sir Fred. 121 
 
 Todd's Edit, of Spenser, 314 
 
 Torte, Rob. extracts of poetical charac- 
 ters from him, 234 
 
 TonieShei)herd, a poet, 311, 222,224, 
 227, 266 
 
 Tonson Jacob, 173 
 
 TopOj^raphy generally treated in a dull 
 and inadequate manner, 79 ; good 
 specimen of, by T. Waiton, li, 
 
 Toiirneb, J"Iui dc, I20 
 
 Totted, Richard, his Miscellany, con- 
 taining the jjoems of Siury, Wyat, 
 and others, a full account of, 248 
 
 Townsend, Roger, 2i 
 
 Trade, balance of, by Davenant, 6z; 
 grievances of, v/hich oppress our poor, 
 414 ; home, preferable to foreign, 416 
 
 Trades, ancient, decayed, 413 
 
 Increase in 1615, 407 
 
 • Defence of, ilf. 
 
 Traits of character natural, not easily 
 delineated, r.05 } happily touched by 
 Cowper, 2Cfc 
 
 Trapp, Dr. 179 
 
 Trcvers, Jos. Esjay on our decayed 
 tiadc, 412 
 
 Troilus and Creseid, 346 
 
 Truth, Essay on, Gray's opinion of, 58 
 
 Tucker, Crl. 337 
 
 Turberville, 237, 346 
 
 Turner, Rich..id, ^38 
 
 . Dr. Tho. 38 
 
 Sharon, his Enquiry into 
 
 rhyme, 341 
 
 Tycho Brache, fee rEichylur., 3 
 Tynda!, V/m. 310 
 
 Typographical Antiquities by Ames and 
 
 Ht^ibert, an useful Work, 54 
 Tyrwhit, Mr. 342 
 
 Vandahcn, Corn. 15^ 
 
 "Vane, Sir Hen. 33S 
 
 V.insittart, Nich. 71 
 
 Vaughan, Rich. 3 1 1 
 
 Vaux, Ld. 255, 238, 260, 162, 264, 
 
 34? 
 Varchi,tr3nslutionof^hy Tolte, e.^itracts ' 
 
 from, 234 
 Vargas, a Spanish poet, 34* 
 Venice, population of, 60 ! 
 
 Verard, Anth. - bookseller at Pans, ^20 | 
 
 i 
 
 Verncy, Sir Edward, 334 
 Verses of regret for not cultivating poe- 
 try in youth, 382 
 Verutam, Lord, see iEschylus, 3 
 Vesalius, Andreas, 357 
 Vere, Edw. Earl of Oxford, 165 
 Villette de Mersey, Mons, 303 
 Virtue, respectable in every station, 39? 
 Vives, Luciov. 358 
 Viville, Marq. 334 
 Voltaire, 94 
 
 U. 
 
 Ugliness, Agreeable, a novel, by Mrs. 
 
 Scott, 295 
 Underbill, player, 183 
 Upstarts of two or three generations, 
 
 their iiiSolence, 184 
 
 W. 
 
 Wakefield, Dan. 71 
 Wahiron, Mr. 229 
 Walfsine, Bp. of Scyrburne, 29? 
 Walsingluim, Sir Tho. 338 
 Walton's Angler, loo 
 Wane, Col. 335 
 Ward, Lt. Coi. 356 
 Warner, Alderm. 333 
 Warrens, ancient Earls of Surry, his- 
 tory of, I St Edit. 356 ; only six copies 
 ofit, ii^. ; 2(1 Edit. 19, 184 
 
 Sir John Borlace, 186 
 
 Warion, Tho. on Milton, 27 ; his spe- 
 cimen of topography, 795 his ob^ 
 servations on Spenser, 229 
 Warwick, Anne, Countess, 230 
 Watkins, Dr. Rich. 65 
 Watson, Tho. p.oet, 221, 222, 2 2^, 
 
 2:9, 236, 266 
 Dr. his History of the War- 
 rens, 19, 184, 3156 ; his character, 19 
 Wauton, Nich. dedication of England's 
 
 Helicon to, 218 
 Ways and Means, by Davenant, 61 
 Weaknesses, human, the narration of, 
 
 interesting, zo<; 
 Wealth too much relied on, as the 
 solssourceof national prosperity, 349 
 Webbe's Discourse of poetry, title of,, 
 
 339 ; cited, r6i 
 Wedding, Country, Ballad on, 166 
 WelJon, Sir Anih. 33S 
 Wells, Maj. 3:;6 
 Wentworth, Sir Wm. ;3 5 
 West, Wm. Ld. Delavvarr, iC^ 
 Westley, Rev. Sam. 337 
 Weston, Dr. 337 
 
 — — in Bucks, dignified by the 
 
 residence of Cowper, 20S 
 Whcatlcv. J. his remark 01; curreni*v, 7^ 
 Whiter, 
 
INDEX. 
 
 4(57 
 
 Wheeler, John, his treatise on Com- 
 merce, the first printed book on 
 wool, 407 
 
 Whetstone, Geo. 1 13 
 
 Whig, Modern, by Davenant, 63 
 
 Whi taker, Wm. 310, 311 
 
 Whitgift, Abp. lb. 
 
 "White, Edw. printe;-, 256 
 
 Whitehead, Dav. 3-0 
 
 Whiting, N. poet, 155 ; his work o*^" 
 Albino and Bellama, ib, 
 
 Whitney, Geffiey, 313 
 
 Whitworth, J-irCha. editor of Dave- 
 nant, 63 
 
 Widdrington Castle, 191 
 
 Will. Conqueror, 29 
 
 Willelm. Calc. Gem 34. 
 
 Williams, Capt. 338 
 
 Willet, Andrew, poer, 229 ; memoirs 
 of, 3 1 2 
 
 Willoughby of Parham, Barony of, cu- 
 rious case of 189} Geo. last Lord, 
 his character, ib. 
 
 Wilmot, Sir Arth. 191 
 
 Wilson's Art of Rhetoric, 339 
 
 Winnington, Sir Rich 185 
 
 Wither, George, 42, 234, 235 } his 
 description of jealousy, 233 
 
 Wolaston, Sir John, 333 
 
 — — Rebecca, ib. 
 
 Wolsey, Cardinal, 30S 
 
 "Wool, Memoirs of, by Rev. Jn. Smith, 
 270; contain a chronological cata- 
 logue of writers on the subject, 404 ; 
 price of wool, 406 ; reasons for 
 limited exportation of, 412; rea- 
 sons against it by T. Manly, ib. ; 
 the same by W. C. ib. j treatise of 
 
 wool and cattle, 412; woollen ma- 
 nufactures more advantageously con- 
 sumed at home than abroad, 4175 
 wool ought to be the gentlemen's 
 care, 275 j prejudices on the sub- 
 ject, 276; improperly neglected, 271 j 
 accounted for, 272 
 
 Wootton, John, poet, 221, 222, 266 
 
 Worsley, Sir Rich. 440 
 
 Wotton, Hen. poe', 229 
 
 Hen. 158; song by, 1^9 
 ■ ■ Sir Hen. 159 
 
 Wray, Capt. 336 
 
 Wright, Abraham, his Parnassus, 25 
 
 Wroth, Sir Pet. 338 
 
 Wyat, Sir Tho. 244, 345, 347 
 
 Wyche, Sir Pet. his Dispatches, 439 
 
 Wycherley, Mr. 181 
 
 Xenophon, see ^Eschylus, 3 
 
 Yarranton, Andr. his England's Im- 
 provement, 413 
 
 Yorke, Rowland, a friend of Gas- 
 coigne, 1 1 1 
 
 Young, Arthur, 6^ ; his praise of 
 Smith's Memoirs of Wool, 2S4 
 
 ' Bartholomew, poet, 222, 224, 
 
 225, 226, 266 
 
 Youth the proper season for cultivating 
 
 poetry, 382 
 Yloop, M. a poet, 225, 258, 262, 264 
 
 Zimmerman, his sentiments on Soli- 
 tude, 11, 12 
 
INDEX TO THE OBITUARY. 
 
 Page 
 
 Add'ir, James 1 02 
 
 Adams, George 321 
 
 Adams, William 321 
 
 Aikin, John 319 
 
 Amne ■, Richard 326 
 
 Anderson, George 10 1 
 
 Anderson, John , 323 
 
 Andrews, J. P. 102 
 
 Ansty, Chri^t;ol/he^, ^. . f 40 
 
 Archdale, Meivyn '• • 321 
 
 Askew, Anthony 318 
 
 Astle, Thomas 326 
 
 Ayscough, Edvv. Geo •■3'9 
 
 Ayscough, S.tm 326 
 
 ■ Bacon, John 103 
 
 Bage, Rob 324 
 
 Bailey, Nath 315 
 
 Balguy, Tho 100 
 
 Baltimore,?. Ld 518 
 
 B.indiiiell, James 327 
 
 Banetr, Wm 321 
 
 Barringion, Daines I04 
 
 Bariy, Geo ^, .^40 
 
 Beattie, James . 326 
 
 Beckwith, Tho 1 20 
 
 Bedford, Arth 315 
 
 Biiitham, fames 100 
 
 Bentley, Tho 320 
 
 B:nvvel , Wm 101 
 
 Berkeley, Geo loo 
 
 B^ver, 'i ho 321 
 
 Bshop, Sam loi 
 
 B sser, Rob -527 
 
 h'Jack, Jos 103 
 
 Blackburnc, Franc 320 
 
 Blair, Hugh t, 524 
 
 Blayney, Ben 324 
 
 Boswei;, fam 101 
 
 Bujcher, Jonathan., 326 
 
 liovce, Sam 318 
 
 K-^ys.Wm 325 
 
 Bree, Joiin 101 
 
 lircreton, O. S 103 
 
 BrockleiL'V, R'chard ic2 
 
 Brooke, Job. Ciiarics icc 
 
 Brown, John 320 
 
 Brownrigg, VV 104 
 
 Bryant, Jac 326 
 
 Buchan, Wm. ....,, 327 
 
 Pat 
 
 Buckley, Sam 31. 
 
 Bulkeley, Cha 323 
 
 Burke, Edm 102 
 
 Richard lOO 
 
 ' — jun 100 
 
 Burlington, R. Earl of. 316 
 
 Burns, Rob lor 
 
 Bmrcll, Lady 325 
 
 Butler, Bp. John . . 325 
 
 Butt, Geo loi 
 
 Batter, Wm 327 
 
 Cadogan Wm 102 
 
 Cambridge, R. 325 
 
 Campbell, George 10 1 
 
 Canning, Gi-orge 318 
 
 Cariyle, Jos. D 326 
 
 Carter, Mr 327 
 
 Carver, John 319 
 
 Catcsby, Mark 316 
 
 Cavvthornc, Mr 317 
 
 Chambers, Sir W 10 1 
 
 Chapone, Mrs 324 
 
 Cheetham,R. F .324 
 
 Christie, Tho 323 
 
 Clarke, John 315 
 
 i^r 340 
 
 Cole, Charles N 327 
 
 William 319 
 
 Collignon, Charles 319 
 
 Collins, Arthur 317 
 
 Collinson, John 322 
 
 Colman, George 100 
 
 Coopei-, Sir Grey 324 
 
 Corke, Ham. Earl of 317 
 
 Cotton, Nath 320 
 
 Coventiy, Hen 316 
 
 Cowper, Ashley , 310 
 
 William 1 04 
 
 Cracherode, C lO'^ 
 
 Cunningham, William 327 
 
 Curtis, William 103 
 
 Danvtrs, Knightley 315 
 
 Darwin, Erasmus 325 
 
 Davies, Sneyd 317 
 
 Dawkins, James 317 
 
 Decker, Sir Matthew 316 
 
 Delamotte, Philip 317 
 
 Denne, Samuel 103 
 
 Dcnucdy, ThomaE • 325 
 
 Derrick, 
 
/c/<^ A-t-*-7 
 
 ^ 
 
 JS^ 
 
 
t? 
 
INt)E^. 
 
 i'age 
 
 Derrick, Mr 3^7 
 
 Dobson, Mrs loi 
 
 Dodson, Michael 103 
 
 Dornforil, Josiah 102 
 
 Dow, Alexander 319 
 
 Drake, William 3-4 
 
 Drewe, Elward loo 
 
 Durell, Dav 3' 8 
 
 Dyer, Samuel 318 
 
 Edmondson, Joseph 319 
 
 Edwards, Bryan 104 
 
 Ekins, Jeffr 321 
 
 Emlyn, Soil 316 
 
 Enfield, Wm 102 
 
 Evans, Evan 320 
 
 Eyre, Franc 327 
 
 Farmer, Hugh 320 
 
 Richard 102 
 
 Fawcett, John 326 
 
 Fearne, Cha .322 
 
 Fennc, Sir John loo 
 
 Fordycc, Geo 325 
 
 . James loi 
 
 Forstcr, J. R 103 
 
 Forsyth, Vv'm 326 
 
 Foster, Sir Mich , 317 
 
 Free, John 321 
 
 Gale, Samuel 316 
 
 Gailovvay, Joseph 325 
 
 Garden, Fjanc 1 00 
 
 Garneti, Thomas 325 
 
 Geddes, Alexander - 32^ 
 
 Gerrard, Alexander 10 1 
 
 Gibbon, Edward 100 
 
 Gibbons, Thomas 319 
 
 Gillum, William 323 
 
 Gilpin, William 3i6 
 
 Glyn, Rob. Clob 104 
 
 Godwin, Mrs. Wolst 102 
 
 Gordon, John 100 
 
 Gostling, William 318 
 
 Govver, Foote 310 
 
 Graves, Richard 3^6 
 
 GiifHth, Henry 320 
 
 — — Ralph 326 
 
 Gunning, Mrs 104 
 
 Hamilton, Sir William 325 
 
 ' William Ger lo i 
 
 Hampton, James 318 
 
 Harte, Walter 318 
 
 Hartson, Hall 318 
 
 Harwood, Edw 100 
 
 Hawkins, William 3 24 
 
 Hayley, Mrs 102 
 
 Headley, Hen 320 
 
 Heathcote, Ral Id 
 
 Heber, Edward 322 
 
 Heberden, William , 324 
 
 46q 
 
 Page 
 
 Henderson. John 320 
 
 Herbert, William loi 
 
 Heyrick, John 323 
 
 Hill, Thomas Ford loi 
 
 Hincbliffe, John loo 
 
 Hodgson, B;rnard ^^o ji 
 
 Hole, Richaid ■ • 325 
 
 Holwell, J. Z 10:} 
 
 VVIUiam loi 
 
 Homer, Henry -^21 
 
 Hoole, John 326 
 
 Hopson, C. R 323 
 
 Hornby, Charles 315 
 
 Hov.lett, John i,z6 
 
 Hoyle, Edmund 317 
 
 hubbard, J. C j^o <f, 
 
 Hudson, 'Wiiliam ico 
 
 Huggins, William 317 
 
 Hunter, John 100 
 
 —Henry 325 
 
 Hurdif, Jam 32^ 
 
 Hutchinson, Arch 315 
 
 Ingram, Robert 327 
 
 Ireland Samuel 104 
 
 Jacob, Edward 320 
 
 Giles 31^ 
 
 James, Tho 327 
 
 Jebb, John 320 
 
 Jenner, Cha 31S 
 
 Jones, Sii- William iqo 
 
 William 104 
 
 Justamond, J. 315 
 
 Keate, George 102 
 
 Kippis, Ar.diew iqi 
 
 Kirkland, Thomas 102 
 
 Knowhs, Thom;is :^2i 
 
 Langhorne, William 318 
 
 Langton, Bcnet 324 
 
 Law, Bp. Edm 320 
 
 Lawrence, William 319 
 
 Layard, Charles Pet 335 
 
 Leake, John 324 
 
 Lefroy, Mrs 327 
 
 Lennox, Charlotte 326 
 
 Levi, David , 324 
 
 Lewis, John 316 
 
 Logan, Mr 320 
 
 Longmate, Barak 322 
 
 Lort, Michael 321 
 
 Loveday, John 321 
 
 Ludlain, Wiliiam 320 
 
 Macfarlane, Robert , %zC 
 
 Macknighr, Dr 1^4 
 
 Ms :la:ne, Arch 32^ 
 
 Maclauvin, John <^ 
 
 Macklin, Charles 102 
 
 Malthus, David 104 
 
 Malton, Thomas. 32.'> 
 
 Manning, 0',v?n. . , 324. 
 
 Man.f/el^^ 
 
470 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Page 
 
 MansiielJ, Wiiruim, Earl of lOO 
 
 Marsham, Robert 102 
 
 Marriottj Sir James 325 
 
 Mason, Henry Cox 326 
 
 — . William 102 
 
 Masters, Robert 102 
 
 Mattaire, Michael 316 
 
 Mawby, Sir Joseph 102 
 
 Melmoth, William 103 
 
 Meredith, Sir William 321 
 
 Merry, Robert 103 
 
 Michell, Henry 326 
 
 Millar, John 324 
 
 Mllles^'Jeremiah 319 
 
 Mitchell, John 322 
 
 Montagu, Frederic 104 
 
 Mrs 104 
 
 Moore, Henry 325 
 
 ■■ Tames 10; 
 
 •John, 
 
 Morrison, Mr 101 
 
 Mounsey, Messenger 320 
 
 Mounteney, Richard 317 
 
 Mountmorris, Visct 1 02 
 
 Mudge, Zach 317 
 
 Miilgrave, C. Lord 322 
 
 Mulso, Thomas 103 
 
 Murphy, Arthur 327 
 
 Musgrave, Samuel 319 
 
 Sir William 103 
 
 Newconrib, Thomas 317 
 
 Newcome, Abp I03 
 
 Peter 323 
 
 North, Roger 315 
 
 Nugent, Earl 320 
 
 ~-— Thomas ^ i C 
 
 Christ 318 
 
 Oi;l ■, George 316 
 
 — — Newton 326 
 
 Oldisworth, William 315 
 
 Oldmixon, John 315 
 
 Ortltrd, Eail, Horace 102 
 
 Orme, Robert 3 24 
 
 Owen, Henry jol 
 
 Paget, Richard 322 
 
 Paley, William 327 
 
 Van Du, Mallet 104 
 
 Parkhurst, Rev. Mr.. , 102 
 
 I'aterson, Samuel 321 
 
 P.itricic, Samuel 316 
 
 Pcckard, Pet IC2 
 
 P^'gge, Samuel 104 
 
 • Rev. Samuel 323 
 
 Pennant, Thomas ] c ^ 
 
 Perciv.il, Thomas 327 
 
 Pinnel, Pet 3 j 9 
 
 Pote, Joseph 320 
 
 Potter, Robert 326 
 
 pjwnull, John , 322 
 
 Page 
 
 Pownall, Thomas 327 
 
 Prestwich, Sir John 321 
 
 Priestley, Joseph 326 
 
 Pulteney, Richard 324 
 
 Sir William 327 
 
 Rack, Edmund 330 
 
 Randolph, Franc 32J 
 
 Reid, Thomas loi 
 
 Richardson, Joseph 325 
 
 Dr 318 
 
 Ridley, Gloucester 318 
 
 Ridpath, Phil 320 
 
 Ritson, Jos 326 
 
 Roberts, Wm. Hayw 321 
 
 Robertson, William ica 
 
 Robinson, Mrs 104 
 
 Tho 316 
 
 Robison, John 327 
 
 Roderick, Rich 317 
 
 Rokeby, Lord 104 
 
 Rose, Samuel 3 27 
 
 Ross, Bp. John 322 
 
 Roy, Maj. Gen. 32I 
 
 Rudder, Samuel 324 
 
 Russell, Patr .^40 ^ 
 
 ' S. N 3iz 
 
 Thomas 320 
 
 Ryves, Miss 103 
 
 Schomberg, Alex. Cr 322 
 
 Seward, Tho 321 
 
 William 1 03 
 
 Shaw, Stebbing 32 J 
 
 Shebbeare, John 1,20 
 
 Sheridan, Mrs 322 
 
 Shiels, Robert 316 
 
 Shipley, Bp. Jon 320 
 
 Shuckburgh, Sir George 326 
 
 Shuckford, Samuel 316 
 
 Sibthcrp, John 1 o I 
 
 Six, James , 32<> 
 
 " James, sen., . , 322 
 
 Skrinc, Henry 3 25 
 
 SmcUie, William loi 
 
 Smith, Donald , ... .>4o ^ 
 
 Snell, Powell 321 
 
 Somerset, Duchess 316 
 
 Southgate, Richard loi 
 
 Soiiden, Ben loi 
 
 Stair, John, Earl 321 
 
 Staunton, Sir G. L. 324 
 
 Stebbing, Henry , .... 3 20 
 
 Steevens, Geo 104 
 
 Stevens, William B. 1 04 
 
 Stewart, George 100 
 
 Stonehouse, Sir James ^24 
 
 Storer, Anth 10 ? 
 
 Strutt, Jos 32- 
 
 Swinburne, Henry "3*5 
 
 Tasker, Willium .» 104 
 
 Taylor, 
 
INDEX. 
 
 4/1 
 
 P:ige 
 
 Taylor, Henry , 319 
 
 ■ Mrs 3:2 
 
 Temple, Anthony 3^2 
 
 ' ' William .,. .. loi 
 
 Thicknesse, Phil 322 
 
 Thomas, Bp. John 323 
 
 Thompson, Edward 320 
 
 Thomson, Alexander 325 
 
 Thorpe, John 322 
 
 Throsby, John 325 
 
 Tickell, Richard 100 
 
 Topham, John 326 
 
 Towers, Dr 103 
 
 Towgood, Michael 3:1 
 
 Towne, John 321 
 
 TovTnley, Charles 327 
 
 Townson, Thomas 322 
 
 Travis, George 102 
 
 Tucker, Josiah 1 03 
 
 Tweddell, John 103 
 
 Twining, Thomas 326 
 
 Tyndall, William , 327 
 
 Upton, James 3 i i 
 
 Upton, Rev. Mr 317 
 
 Vejin, Henry 102 
 
 Vigor, Mrs 319 
 
 Vinei-, Charles 317 
 
 Wakefield, Gilbert 324 
 
 Wales, William 103 
 
 "Vir'allis, John 322 
 
 Page 
 
 Walters, John 3 24 
 
 Waring, Edward 103 
 
 Warner, John 103 
 
 Warton, Joseph 104 
 
 Warwick, Thomas 521 
 
 W\ashington, George 103 
 
 Watson, Robert ,....31^ 
 
 John 319 
 
 Webb, Daniel 102 
 
 Whalley, Peter 321 
 
 Wheatley, Charles 315 
 
 White, Gilbert 100 
 
 Whitehead, John 326 
 
 Wliitehurst, John 320 
 
 Wilcocks, Joseph 321 
 
 Wilkes, John 102 
 
 Williams, Zach 316 
 
 Wilmot, SirJ. E 321 
 
 Wintringham, Sir CI 100 
 
 Withering, William 103 
 
 Woide, Charlco Godfrey 321 
 
 Wors'ey, Sir Richard g^o 
 
 Woty, William /321 
 
 Wright, Sir Mart 317 
 
 Wynne, Edward 319 
 
 Yonge, Sir William.' 316 
 
 Yorke, Charles 318 
 
 Yorke, Philip 32'* 
 
 Zouch, Henry 322 
 
 / 
 
 END OF THE FIPvST VOLUME. 
 
 T. Ben-iley, Piinfer, B.-vlt Cou.f, 
 Fleet Street, London, 
 
>-.*. V V 
 
1 
 
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