PLEASE HANDLE WITH CARE University of Connecticut Libraries Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2011 with funding from LYRASIS members and Sloan Foundation http://www.archive.org/details/commercialfeedin1904newh C\olV mmni expeeimehi siaiiob ^^ NEW HAVEN, CONN. CONNECTICUT BULLETIN 145, JANUARY, 1904. Commercial Feeding Stuffs in the Connecticut Market CONTENTS. Page Law regarding Feeding Stuffs., - 3 Collection of Samples. _ 4 Explanations regarding Analyses 4 Discussion of Analyses 8 Cotton Seed Meal 8 Linseed Meal 9 Wheat Products ; Bran, Middlings and Mixed Feed 10 Maize Meal and Bran 15 Gluten Meal 15 Gluten Feeds 15 Hominy Meal 17 Rye Feed 19 Brewery and Distillery Products -. . 19 Oat Feeds 19 Miscellaneous Mixed Feeds 20 Poultry Feeds 21 Proprietary Dairy and Stock Feeds 22 Condiraental Feeds 23 The Digestibility of Feeding Stuffs 23 Regarding the Purchase of Feeding Stuffs -. 25 The Weight of One Quart of Various Feeding Stuffs 29 Tables of Analyses -30-59 The Bulletins of this Station are mailed free to citizens of Con- necticut who apply for them, and to others as far as the editions permit. CONNECTICDT AGEICDLTURAL EIPERIHENT STATION. BOARD OF CONTROL. Ex officio. His Excellency Abiram Chamberlain^ President. Prof. W. O. Atwates Middletown. Prof. W. H. Brewer^ Secretary New Haven. B. W. Collins Meriden. T. S. Gold West Cornwall. Edwin Hoyt New Canaan. J. H. Webb Hamden. E. H. Jenkins^ Director and Treasurer New Haven. STATION STAFF. Chemists. Analytical Laboratory. A. L. WiNTON, Ph.B ., Chemist in charge. E. Monroe Bailey, Ph.B. A. W. Ogden, Ph.B. Laboratory for the Study of Proteids. T. B. Osborne, Ph.D., Chemist in charge. I. F. Harris, M.S. Botanist. G. P. Clinton, S.D. Entomologist. W. E. Britton, Ph.D. Assistant to the Entomologist. B. H. Walden, B.Agr. In charge of Forestry Work. Walter Mulford, F.E. Grass Gardener. James B. Olcott, South Manchester. Stenographers and Clerks. Miss V. E. Cole. Miss L. M. Brautlecht. In charge of Buildings and Grounds. William Veitch. Laboratory Helpers. Hugo Lange. William Pokrob. Sampling Agent. ■' ' V. L. Churchill, New Haven. COMMERCIAL FEEDING STUFFS. THE LAW REGULATING THEIR SALE. Section 4591 of the general statutes of Connecticut so defines the term "concentrated commercial feeding stuff" that it covers practically all feeds excepting the following: — hay and straw, whole seeds, unmixed meal made directly from any one of the cereals or from buckwheat, and feed ground from whole grain and sold directly from manufacturer to consumer. Section 4592 requires that every package of concentrated com- mercial feeding stuff shall bear a statement giving the name and address of manufacturer or importer, the number of net pounds in the package, the name of the article and the per- centages of protein and fat contained in it. Section 4593 requires every manufacturer, importer, agent or seller to file with this Station, upon request, a certified copy of the statement above described. The penalty prescribed for violation of the foregoing sections is not more than $100 for the first offense and not more than $200 for each subsequent offense. Section 4595 authorizes this Station to take samples from any manufacturer, importer, agent or dealer in a prescribed fashion and requires this Station to analyze, annually, at least one sample of each brand which it has collected and to publish these analyses in station bulletins, "together with such additional information in relation to the character, composition and use thereof as may be of importance." The Dairy Commissioner is charged with the enforcement of the provisions of these sections of the statutes. In compliance with the requirements of this law the following report on feeding stuffs has been prepared. 4 CONNECTICUT EXPERIMENT STATION, BULLETIN I45. SAMPLING OF COMMERCIAL FEEDING STUFFS. During the fall of 1903, Mr. V. L. Churchill, the sampling agent of this Station, visited forty-eight towns and villages of this state and took three hundred and four samples of feeds in the way prescribed by law. These samples have been exam- ined chemically and microscopically and the results appear in the following pages with appropriate discussion. There are also given twenty-four analyses of feeds which were sent to the Station for analysis by individuals. To make it easier to understand these analyses and their discussion, the following explanations are prepared : — EXPLANATIONS OF ANALYSES OF FEEDING STUFFS. An analysis gives the percentage amounts of Water, Ash, Protein, Fiber, Nitrogen-free Extract, and Fat. Percentage Amount is the amount in 100. If the protein in a feed is 17.5 per cent., every 100 pounds of that feed contains 17.5 pounds of protein ; and since a ton is twenty hundred pounds, a ton of the feed will contain twenty times 17.5, or 350 pounds of protein. Water. However dry a feeding stuff may appear to be, it always contains a considerable and variable quantity of water which cannot be seen or felt, but which can be driven out by heat. The amount of water thus present in feeding stuffs is constantly changing with the temperature and dryness of the air about them, and accordingly no very close comparison of different feeds is possible unless the proportions of water they contain are known and comparison is made on perfectly dry or water-free substance. Ash is what is left when the combustible part of a feeding stuff is burned away by heating to faint redness in a current of air and besides a little charcoal and sand, which are accidental impurities, consists chiefly of lime, magnesia, potash and soda, combined with chlorine and carbonic, sulphuric and phosphoric acids. Protein is a general term which includes all those nitrogenous materials of a concentrated feeding stuff which, when separated EXPLANATIONS OF ANALYSES OF FEEDING STUFFS. 5 in a pure state, bear a general resemblance in composition and properties to egg albumin (white of egg), flesh fibrin (lean meat), and milk casein (curd). It is from this protein of the food alone that the animal can make albumin, fibrin and casein. The nitrogenous materials are the most costly and by far the most valuable ingredients of concentrated commercial feeds, which should be bought chiefly for the protein which is in them. Nitrogen-free Extract, sometimes called Carbohydrates, in- cludes starch, gum, sugar and pectin bodies. They are readily extracted from the feeding stuff by water and dilute acid. Fiber is the essential constituent of the walls of vegetable cells and is seen in a nearly pure state in cotton fiber or paper pulp. It is the most insoluble part of the vegetable substance and of quite subordinate value in the ration. Ether Extract includes fat oil, solid fat, wax, chlorophyl (the green coloring matter of plants), and other coloring matters, in brief everything which can be extracted from the perfectly dry feeding stuff by absolute ether. Regarding the uses of the above-named parts of feeds : Water and ash need not be considered, for, while indispensa- ble to stock, both are abundantly supplied in other ways than in commercial feeds. Protein may easily be made over by the animal into its own substance, i. e., into muscles, tendons and the various working tissues and membranes, because these necessary parts of the animal machine are themselves made up of the same kind of materials, or, chem.ically speaking, have the same composition as the protein bodies. Fiber and the nitrogen-free extract, on the other hand, cannot serve for building up the muscles and other parts of the growing animal and cannot restore the waste and wear of those parts of mature animals, because they are of a very different nature. They contain no nitrogen, an element which enters into all the animal tissues (proteins), to the extent of some sixteen per cent, of their dry matter. Fiber and the nitrogen-free extract cannot restore the worn- out muscles or membranes of the animal any more than coal can be made to renew the used-up packing, bolts, valves, flues 6 CONNECTICUT EXPERIMENT STATION, BULLETIN I45. and gearing of a steam-engine. Proteins are to the ox or the man what brass and iron are to the machine, the materials of construction and repair. Fat, fiber and nitrogen-free extract are, furthermore, to the animal very much what coal and fuel are to the steam-engine. Their consumption generates the power which runs the mechan- ism. Their burning (oxidation) in the blood of animals pro- duces the results of life just as the combustion of coal in the fire-place of the steam-engine produces the motion and power of that machine. For this combustion in the system, digestible fat has more than twice the value of digestible nitrogen-free extract. There is, however, this difference between the engine and the animal : the former may be stopped for repairs ; the latter may run at a low rate, but if it be stopped it cannot resume work. Hence the repairs of the animal must go on simulta- neously with its wastes. Therefore, the material of which it is built must admit of constant replacement, and the dust and shreds of its wear and tear must admit of escape without impeding action. The animal body is as if an engine were fed not only with coal and water, but with iron, brass and all the materials for its repair, and also is as if the engine consumed its own worn-out parts, voiding them as ashes or as gas and smoke. Proteids, or the blood- and tissue-formers, are thus consumed in the animal, as well as the fat, fiber and nitrogen- free extract or fuel proper. The fact that proteids admit of consumption implies that when the proper fuel is insufficient, they may themselves serve as fuel. Such is the case, in fact. But, nevertheless, the two classes of substances have distinct offices in animal nutrition, and experience has demonstrated that for each special case of animal nutrition a special ratio of digesti- ble proteids to digestible fat, fiber and nitrogen-free extract is the best and most economical, and, within certain limits, is necessary. The Uses of Analyses of Feeding Stuffs. These uses are several. First, by an analysis compared with the average of others, any buyer of a feed can see whether it is of the usual quality. Thus on page 31, the analysis of cotton EXPLANATIONS OF ANALYSES OF FEEDING STUFFS. / seed meal, No. 10983, compared with the average of twenty-five analyses given on the same page, shows that its quality is far below average as regards protein, the most valuable ingredient. Secondly, by an analysis compared with the manufacturer's guaranty the buyer can see whether in composition the feed meets what is claimed for it. Thus on page 43 the analyses of cream gluten show that the feed contained on the average about 3 per cent, more of protein than was called for by the manu- facturer's guaranty. Thirdly, an analysis often shows clearly whether or not the feed is adulterated and may indicate also the form of adultera- tion. This use is fully illustrated by the discussion of adul- terated wheat feeds on page 12 of this report. It also makes clear the composition of mixtures which are sold under names which either convey no meaning or convey a false impression. Thus the analysis of a "ground oil cake compound" given on page 59, and mentioned on page 23 shows that instead of being prepared from the expressed meal of some oil seed, like linseed, it is merely ground wheat screen- ings consisting largely of weed seeds. Fourthly, comparison of analyses of a number of kinds of feed with their prices will greatly help in deciding whether any one of them is worth to the feeder what is asked for it. Too often the prices of feeds bear no relation to their real feeding value. Lastly, the chief use of these tables by feeders should be as a guide to the skillful compounding of rations for farm ani- mals. How this is done cannot be briefly explained within the limits of a bulletin. A knowledge of the principles of cattle feeding is essential, which should be gathered by studying books which treat of the principles of cattle-feeding and of the art of compounding rations. 8 CONNECTICUT EXPERIMENT STATION, BULLETIN I45. DISCUSSION OF THE ANALYSES.* Cotton Seed Meal. Analyses on pages 30-31. The average percentage of protein in the twenty-five samples examined is lower this year than for some years past, being 43.16. The following brands fail to meet the manufacturers' guar- antee by more than 0.7 per cent, of protein : A. B. C. brand, Augusta Brokerage Co. ; American Cereal Co. ; American Cotton Oil Co. (one sample) ; R. W. Biggs Co. (two samples) ; Green Diamond brand (two samples) ; Hayley & Hoskins, Star brand; Sunflower brand (three samples). By the rules of the Cotton Seed Crushers Association, "choice" meal must contain at least 8 per cent, of ammonia, equivalent to 41.19 per cent, of protein, and "prime" meal must contain at least 8 per cent, of ammonia, or if from the South Atlantic States 73^ per cent, of ammonia, equivalent to 38.62 per cent, of protein. By this standard two of the samples, Hayley & Hos- kins' 10983, and Sunflower brand, sold by the American Cereal Co., 1 1074, were neither "choice" nor "prime" meal. Regard- ing sample 10983, however, Messrs. Hayley & Hoskins write that at the time of sale they advised the buyer that it was the last carload of old season's prime, and they were loath to make the sale as it had lain six or seven months in warehouse and might show deterioration. A sample of Hayley & Hoskins' prime meal, 10063, sent for analysis by Meech & Stoddard of Middletown, contained 42,62 per cent, of protein. The average percentages of protein and fat, as determined at this Station, and the average prices, quoted by retailers, at the time the samples were drawn, have been as follows for the last four years : * The microscopic work in connection with the anal3'ses reported in this paper was wholly done by Mr. Winton ; the chemical anal)^ses were made by Messrs. Ogden, Silverman and Bailey ; the results were prepared for publication by the director. COTTON SEED MEAL. 9 1899 1900 1901 1902 1903 No. of Samples 10 4 6 8 25 Percentage of protein 46.4 43.9 44.4 43.0* 43.16 " " fat 10.4 8.6 9.8 10.3 9.22 Average price. $24.00 27.00 28.80 29.70 29.04 The price of cotton seed meal has risen in the last five years, and the average percentage of protein has on the whole declined. Linseed Meal. Analyses on pages 32-33. "Linseed Meal," "Oil Meal," and "Flax Seed Meal" are trade names for ground flax seed from which more or less of the oil has been removed. By the "old process" the oil is partly removed by pressure, leaving, however, from 5 to lo per cent, of oil, "fat," in the meal. By the "new process" the oil is so far extracted with benzine as to leave less than two and a half per cent, in the meal. New process meal is more uniform in composition and contains more protein than old process meal. All the samples of each kind analyzed this year have been of good quality and unadulterated. The average percentages of protein and fat found in linseed meal for the last four years, as determined at this Station, with the average prices at the time the samples were drawn, as quoted by retailers, are as follows : New Process. Old Process. 1900 I9OI 1902 1903 1900 I9OI 1902 1903 No. of Samples. 2342 3469 Percentage of protein. 38.4 39.0 39.8 36.4 31.3 34.4 32.8 33.1 " " fat 2.4 1.8 2.1 3.2 6.7 7.7 7.8 7.5 Average price $32.50 30.00 31.00 32.50 31.00 30.50 32.00 30.77 Neither of the samples of new process linseed meal met the manufacturer's guaranty, in respect of protein. Two samples of old process meal, from the Midland Linseed Co., Minneapolis, did not bear the statement of guaranty which is required by law. The following brands did not contain the guaranteed amounts of protein : *43.7 including 4 other partial analyses. 2 lO CONNECTICUT EXPERIMENT STATION, BULLETIN I45. II 241. Export brand Linseed Meal, Chapin & Co., Boston. Found 31.44, guaranteed 36.0. 1095 1. Sold by Hammerstein & Co., Buffalo, N, Y. Found 34.06, guaranteed 38.3. II 1 17. Sold by Hunter Bros., St. Louis, Mo. Found 31.19, guaranteed 34.0. II 133. Sold by Metzger Seed and Oil Co., Toledo, Ohio. Found 31.75, guaranteed 34.0. Guarantees of from 35 to 38 per cent, of protein in old process meal would seem unsafe and unreasonable, for this article, as found in our market, seldom contains as much as 35 per cent, of protein. Linseed meal can usually be bought in car lots at about the same price as cotton seed meal and at this writing for $2.00 per ton less than cotton seed meal. The high retail price usually quoted, $31 to $32, is because of the small demand for linseed, which "moves slowly" in the retail trade, although it is a concentrated, palatable and safe feed. Wheat Products. These are by-products in the manufacture of wheat flour. Several different processes of milling are in common use, yield- ing by-products which are not entirely alike in composition. The products made from winter wheat also differ in composi- tion from those from spring wheat. Wheat Bran consists of the outer layers of the wheat berry, which are dark in color and do not easily pulverize. Wheat Middlings, as found in the feed market, consist of inner layers of the covering of the berry, which are lighter in color and more easily pulverized than bran, and of other parts from which fine white flour cannot be made. Red Dog Flour is the poorest grade of flour ; off color and often sold as a cattle food. Many mills do not sell bran and middlings separately, but run them together, often with other waste wheat products, and sell the mixture as "Mixed Feed." With few exceptions the samples of wheat feed described in the tables of analyses were not accompanied, as is required by law, with any statements of composition. WHEAT MIDDLINGS. I I Bran from Winter Wheat. Analyses on pages 32-33. The seven samples examined are all genuine with no evidence of any wilful admixture of foreign matter. Fragments or the whole grains of certain weed seeds are commonly found in bran and other wheat feeds. These are things which screening does not perfectly separate from the wheat and which therefore come out with the bran in the milling process. Samples 11 004, 10947, and 11 038 contain rather larger amounts of this foreign matter than the other samples. Sample 11087 is a very light-colored bran, quite free from foreign matters, but made from soft Canadian wheat, which perhaps explains its unusual composition. The protein in this sample, 12.81 per cent., is 2.7 per cent, less than the average found in the six other samples examined, 15.52 per cent. The average amount of protein found this year in winter bran is also considerably less than has been found in recent years, as appear in the statement on page 13. Bran from Spring Wheat. Analyses on pages 32-35. All of the sixteen samples collected are unadulterated and of good quality though containing rather less protein than has been found in other recent years. A single sample of spring bran, 10863, made by the Porter Milling Co. and sent by G. M. White & Co. of East Hartford Meadow, contains 15.37 per cent, of protein. Middlings. Analyses on pages 34-37. The samples, with few exceptions, are of fair quality. Sample 10961, from the Randall Mill Co., Tekonsha, Mich., contains no excessive quantity of foreign matter, but has only 12.62 per cent, of protein, a very low per cent, of fiber and seven per cent, more of starchy matter than the average. Sample 11 136, Colonial Middlings, made by the Miner-Hillard Mill Co., Wilkesbarre, Pa., is not a pure wheat middlings but a mixture of wheat and corn products containing 3^ per cent, less of protein and 0.7 per cent, more of fat than pure wheat 12 CONNECTICUT EXPERIMENT STATION, BULLETIN I45. middlings and sold apparently for $1.50 per ton more than the latter. The guaranteed percentage of protein is 13.56, which is fully met by the analysis. The amount of fat found, 5.73 per cent., is a per cent, less than is guaranteed. Both the samples above named are excluded from the average given in the tables. The average percentage of protein found this year in the winter and spring middlings is considerably less than it has been in recent years. Mixed Feed from Winter Wheat. Analyses on pages 36-41. Most of the thirty-eight samples examined are of fair quality. Sample 11012 contains some traces of corn cob, and 11127, a small amount of cracked corn, but not enough to seriously affect the chemical composition. No. 11063. The Ideal Mixed Feed, made by Charles R. Lull of Milwaukee, Wis., contains many oat hulls or oats which reduce the percentage of protein to 1.7 per cent, below the aver- age for mixed feed and raise the percentage of woody fiber by 4.3 per cent. This article is guaranteed to contain 17.6 per cent, of protein and 3.0 per cent, of fat. It contains less protein than is guaranteed by 2.6 per cent. On account of these facts this analysis is excluded from the average. The average composi- tion shows less protein than the averages of previous years. Spurious Mixed Feed. Among the unclassified mixed feeds are two which, while bearing the name mixed feed, are not mixed feed in the sense in which the term is generally used in the feed trade, but are mixtures of wheat feed and corn cobs, a material greatly inferior to wheat bran in feeding value. One of them is sold above the average price of genuine mixed wheat feed, the other for $1.50 per ton below it. One of them, 11029, Blue Grass Mixed Feed, comes from Henderson, Kentucky, which seems to be the home of this kind of material; the other, 11237, is sold by Balch & Piatt, of Winsted, who state that they are unable to say from whom they bought the feed. AVERAGE COMPOSITION OF WHEAT PRODUCTS. 1 3 Mixed Feed from Spring Wheat. Analyses on pages 40-43. All of the eighteen samples mentioned in the table are pure, though two of them, Nos. 11048 and 11256, contain an undue proportion of weed seeds or fragments of them. The average percentage of protein is lower than it has been for the three years preceding. A sample of Diamond Mixed Feed, 11288, made by Annan, Burgh & Co., St Louis, sent by G. M. White & Co., East Hart- ford Meadow, contained 17.38 per cent, of protein. Average Composition of the Various Pure Wheat Products. The average composition of the various pure wheat feeds sold in Connecticut in the last five years, with their prices, as given by retailers, appear in the following table : Average Composition and Price of Wheat Feeds in Connecticut in 1899, 1900, 1901, 1902 and 1903. Q , Bran. Middlings. Mixed Feed. I°99 Winter. Spring. Winter. Spring. Winter. Spring. Protein. 15.9 15.6 15.8 15.6 16.8 16.8 Fat 4.3 4-7 4-4 4-7 4-5 S-i Ton price $19.80 19.14 19.00 19.25 19.44 19.25 1900 Protein 16.1 16.5 17.7 19.1 18. i 17.6 Fat 4.6 5.0 4.7 5.5 4.7 5.3 Ton price $21.09 20.00 21.00 21.50 21.00 20.80 igoi Protein 16.3 17.3 18.0 19.7 17.5 18.5 Fat 4.5 4-7 5.0 5-5 4-7 5-1 Ton price $21.80 21.06 22.75 22.10 22.20 22.20 1902 Protein 17. i 16.7 18. i 19.2 17.7 17.7 Fat 4.6 4.9 4.4 5.4 4.6 5.1 Ton price $23.37 20.90 23.85 23.44 22.00 22.35 1903 Protein 15.5 15.9 16.4 17.9 16.7 16.9 Fat - 4.5 4.9 4.5 5.0 4.5 5.0 Ton price $23.00 22.50 ■ 25.55 25.50 23.55 23.53 14 CONNECTICUT EXPERIMENT STATION, BULLETIN I45. This table indicates that: 1. The spring wheat products, as a rule, have somewhat higher percentages, both of protein and fat, than the winter wheat products. 2. This difference is rather more pronounced and constant in the case of middlings than in that of either bran or mixed feed. 3. The percentages of protein in bran are rather lower than in either middlings or mixed feed. 4. On the average the winter wheat products sell at a slightly - higher price than the spring wheat products in spite of the higher protein and fat content of the latter. 5. The percentages of protein in all the wheat feeds have been considerably lower in 1903 than in either of the three years immediately preceding. The prices have, however, ruled higher. Guaranties of Wheat Feeds. The law requires that wheat feeds shall be sold with a guaranty of composition. Of the one hundred and twenty-one samples examined, only eight had a guaranty that could be found by our agent. The American Cereal Co. and the Brooks Elevator Co. are the only manufacturers of genuine mixed wheat feed which, as far as we can learn, have offered guaranties. On the other hand, the mixtures which are not genuine mixed wheat feed but resemble it in appearance, are sold at about the same price and are called "mixed feeds," have a guaranteed composition. It has been urged that wheat feeds are staple articles, uniform in composition and not adulterated and therefore that no guar- anty was needed. But our analyses show that these feeds vary decidedly in composition from year to year and that there is more fraud in the sale of mixed feed than we have found in the sale of any other feed on the market. If the buyer can get no guaranty that his wheat feeds are of standard quality and if they are commonly adulterated, he must drop them for the gluten feeds and dried brewers and distillers grains, which are more constant in composition and with which a guaranty is given. gluten meal and gluten feed. 1 5 Corn Products. Maize Meal and Maize Bran. Analyses on pages 42-43. The three analyses of meal show lower percentages of both protein and fat than the average of forty-eight analyses made a year ago. This is to be explained, probably, by the poor quality of the 1902 crop. Gluten Meal. Analyses on pages 42-43. A single brand only of gluten meal was found in the State this year, viz : Cream Gluten, made by the Illinois Sugar Refin- ing Co. of Chicago. The percentages of protein and fat in the three samples examined were well above the guaranty. Gluten Feed. Analyses on pages 42-47. Fourteen samples of Buffalo Gluten Feed, made by the Glu- cose Sugar Refining Co. of Chicago, contains an average of 24.21 per cent, of protein and 3.15 of fat. The guaranty calls for 27.5 to 28.0 per cent, of protein and 3.0 of fat. The guaranty of Chicago gluten is stated to refer to the water-free meal. To the feeder it is of no great importance to know what the feed would contain if there were no moisture in it, but it is of great importance to know what it contains as he finds it in market. There is no good reason why this infor- mation should not be given in the guaranty. A guaranty which does not give it is of no practical use to the purchaser. A guaranty of 27.5 per cent, of protein in the dry matter would be equivalent to 24.8 per cent, of protein in goods with the average percentage of moisture in them. With this reduc- tion, the protein in the samples examined is only 0.6 per cent, below guaranty. The writer has been verbally informed by a representative of the Commercial Products Co., that probably because of the greater amount of white corn in market this year and therefore necessarily used in their works, the percentage of protein in the feed has fallen unexpectedly. Five brands 1 6 CONNECTICUT EXPERIMENT STATION, BULLETIN 1 45. of gluten feed, other than the Buffalo, have been analyzed and the average percentages of protein and fat in every brand are very considerably less than the respective guaranties. No. 1 1 150 K. K. Gluten Feed contains much less protein than is guaranteed. Another sample, sent soon after this sample was drawn, by R. G. Davis, New Haven, No. 11273, contained 23.69 per cent, of protein, 2.47 per cent, of fat. A representative of J. E. Hubinger Bros. & Co., the manufac- turers, stated that both samples were from the very first run of the new factory and he brought three samples stated to have been sampled by R. G. Davis from subsequent shipments. The analyses of these three samples follow : 11281 . 11282 11283 Water 7.05 6.88 6.68 Ash Protein Fiber .,. Nitrogen-free Extract... Fat Four Other samples of gluten products were sent by individ- uals, as follows : — 10151. "Gluten Meal," sent by C. H. Williams, Burnside, with the statement that it had injured stock which ate it. It contained 27.37 per cent, of protein but no poisonous substance was found. It is not gluten meal of average quality. I055S- Globe Gluten Feed, sent by Chapin & Co., from car shipped to I. W. Beers, Hamden, contained 24.00 per cent, of protein. 10271. Gluten Feed, manufacturer unknown, sent by G. W. Strant, South Manchester, contained 23.69 per cent, of protein. 1 1 190. Sent by Andrew Kingsbury, R. D. Rockville, who stiates that it is sold by Rockville Milling Co. for $26.00 per ton ; bought for "Chicago Gluten Meal." The sample contained 23.00 per cent, of protein and 3.69 per cent, of fat ; — less protein than the standard gluten feeds and far less than gluten meal. It is certainly not gluten meal. The factory where Chicago glu- ten meal was made was burned two years ago, and has not been replaced. 1.02 0.99 1.04 24.25 24.06 25.38 7.25 7.23 6.64 56.02 56.46 56.18 4.41 _ 4.38 4.08 100.00 100.00 100.00 HOMINY MEAL. 1 7 Hominy Meal, Hominy Chop. Analyses on pages 46-49. / Of the twenty-seven samples examined, three are very inferior as shown by analysis. No. 11050, Star Hominy Meal, made by the Toledo Elevator Co., and sold by W. T. Reynolds, Pough- keepsie, contains an excess of corn cob. Nos. 11 106, Star Hominy Chop and 11 171, Mixed Hominy Chop, — both made by the Miner-Hillard Mill Co. of Wilkesbarre, are mixtures of corn and oat productis. These three analyses are therefore excluded from the average. Guaranties. The law requires that hominy meal or chop shall be sold with a guaranty of composition. Twelve of the twenty-seven samples examined were thus sold. The names of these brands, with their guaranties and composi- tion as determined here, are a's follows : Protein. Fat. No. Manufacturer or Dealer. Found. Guaranteed. Found. Guaranteed. 11013 American Hominy Co., Indian- apolis 10.6 10.2 6.4 7.7 11093 Buffalo Cereal Co., Buffalo 10.3 10.5 8.4 8.5 11043 C. M. Cox Co., Boston 10.4 lo.o 8.0 7.0 11057 Chapin & Co., Boston lo.i 11. o 6.4 8.0 I1125 " " " e io.» II. o 9.2 8.0 11163 " " " 10.4 ir.o 7.9 8.0 11171 Miner-Hillard Mill Co., Wilkes- barre - - 8.8 9.8 3.9 6.7 11032 Miner-Hillard Mill Co., Wilkes- barre, (steam cooked) lo.o 12.0 6.8 9.0 11067 Miner-Hillard Mill Co., Wilkes- barre, (steam cooked) lo.i 12.0 7.0 9.0 10942 Soper & Co., Boston, Blue Ribbon 10.5 11. 4 7.7 9.3 11103 Suffert, Hunt & Co., Decatur.- lo.i 11. o 8.1 7.7 10966 Patent Cereal Co., Geneva, N.Y. 10.6 11. 5 8.8 9.3 The percentages of protein in seven of these samples are a good deal lower than the guaranteed percentages. As in the case of most of the feeds already discussed, hominy meal contains much less protein and fat this year than was found last year. The average percentages of protein and fat for a number of years have been as follows : — 3 1 8 CONNECTICUT EXPERIMENT STATION^ BULLETIN I45. 1903 1902 1901 1900 No. of analyses 24 26 21 10 Protein, per cent. 10.49 ii-57 ii-35 ir.67 Fat, per cent _ 7.85 8.91 8.54 8.71 Cost per ton $24.28 28.25 24.45 19-95 A ton of mixed wheat feed contains two hundred and sixty- six pounds of digestible protein and seventy-eight pounds of digestible fat. A ton of hominy feed contains one hundred and forty-two pounds of digestible protein and one hundred and forty-four pounds of digestible fat, but cost seventy-three cents a ton more than wheat feed. Yet it has a large sale in this state among dairymen who are trying to make the business pay! A considerable number of samples of hominy meal have been sent in by individuals for analysis as follows : — 10064. Bought from Coles & Co., Middletown, for $25.00 per ton and sent by H. B. Cornwall of Portland. It contains 10.37 P^r cent, of protein and is therefore of good quality. 10065. Bought from Herman L. Buss, Boston, for $21.80 per ton in car lots of twenty tons, by H. B. Cornwall, Portland. It contains 10.19 P^^ cent, of protein and is of fair quality. 10067. Sent by Mrs. I. F. Barnard, North Haven, who states that it was bought for white hominy meal of the Cooperative Feed Co., North Haven,and that one horse nearly died of colic after eating it and others refused to eat it. The sample contains more protein than hominy meal contains, 13.31 per cent., but nothing was found to explain the injurious effects noted above. 10544. Sent by Joseph Delehanty, Southington, stated to be Niagara White Meal from Chapin & Co., contains 10.87 P^^ cent, of protein and 7.65 per cent, of fat. Two samples of Star Hominy, made By the Toledo Elevator Co., Toledo, Ohio, and sold through W. T. Reynolds & Co., Poughkeepsie, were received for analysis. II 206 was sent by J. H. Crowley, Canton Center, who states that he bought it of the Collinsville Grain Co., who stated to him that it came from F. W. Konold of Collinsville. 11214 was sent by L. M. Bristol, Canton Center, who states that it was bought of F. W. Konold. Mr. Konold advises us that it was bought of W. T. Reynolds, Poughkeepsie with a statement of composition of 11.40 per cent, of protein and 7.31 per cent, of fat. The analyses of these samples are as follows : — OAT FEEDS. 1 9 II206 II214 Protein 8.37 8.62 Fiber... 10.19 10.41 Fat. 6.33 6.46 Rye Bran, Rye Feed. Analyses on pages 50-51. The nine samples represented in the tables are of good quality, free from adulteration and of the usual composition. Malt Sprouts, Barley Sprouts. Analyses on pages 50-51. Four samples are represented in the table. Three are of good quality and have the usual composition. One of them, 11165, from Hollister, Chase &.Co. of New York, sold by Scofield & Miller of Stamford, is distinctly inferior, containing only half the usual percentage of protein. It is alsQ a dirty product, as appears from the high percentage of ash and also from micro- scopic examination. It is therefore excluded from the average. Distillers Grains. Analyses on pages 50-51. Three of the samples represented in the table are sold under the name of Ajax Flakes ("Manhattan Gluten") by Chapin & Co., Boston. With these is included one sample of Hall's AAAA Distillers Grains having similar composition. All of them are corn products, a dried residue from the manufacture of alcohol. Two samples of the Ajax Flakes and the sample of Hall's Distillers Grains are below their guaranteed composition. Oat Products. Ground Oats. Analyses on pages 50-51. The two samples of ground oats examined are of average quality and free from adulteration. The price is, however, prohibitive for use as a dairy food. Oat Feeds. Analyses on pages 50-53. These "feeds" are offered for a few dollars less per ton than such standard articles as wheat feeds. Some of them are little 20 CONNECTICUT EXPERIMENT STATION, BULLETIN I45. more valuable than oat chaff, which, sold under its true name, can be bought for from $7 to $10 per ton. Their analyses are summarized below and compared with oat chaff. No guaranties of composition are given with these goods, as is required by law. Nitrogen- * free Ether Water. Ash. Protein. Fiber. Extract. Extract. Oat Chaff 7.8 7.5 5.1 28.5 49.5 1.6 "Victor" Oat Feed 9.7 4-3 9-2 17. i 56.7 3-0 "Royal" " -- 8.1 6.3 6.2 25.2 52.4 1.8 "Vim" " 9.5 5.3 7-7 22.8 52.0 2.7 Cox's " --- 6.7 5.6 6.6 24.2 53.3 3.6 Pillsbury's " 8.1 6.9 7.1 24.8 51.: 2.0 These oat feeds cost from $i6 to $23 per ton, an average of about $19.50. Taking the average composition of the five brands, it appears that a ton of oat feed, such as is now offered and sold in Connecticut in large quantity, contains the amounts of food ingredients given below. There is also given, for comparison, the amounts of food ingredients which can be bought for the same money in mixed spring wheat feed. A ton of average Mixed Wheat Oat Feed, Feed, costing f 19.50, costing $19.50, contains contains pounds. pounds. Protein 147 281 Fiber 456 136 Nitrogen-free Exrract 1062 894 Fat 52 82 Dollar for dollar, the feeder gets nearly twice as much pro- tein, — the only thing which he really needs to buy to piece out his home-grown feeds — in wheat feed, a standard article, than he gets in oat feed, the refuse from oat meal factories. Yet a great deal of oat feed is sold in the state and dairying — with some farmers — "doesn't pay." Miscellaneous Mixed Feeds. Provender. Analyses on pages 52-53. The three samples analyzed are of the usual quality. Corn and Oat Feed. Analyses on pages 52-55. "Victor," "XXX," "De-Fi" and "Boss" Com and Oat Feeds are all mixtures of corn and oat products : the ' "XXX" and "De-Fi" brands also contain some wheat product. All meet MISCELLANEqUS MIXED FEEDS. 21 the guaranties of their manufacturers and all contain less protein and considerably more fiber than mixtures of good corn and oats contain. Schumacher's Stock Feed Analyses on pages 54-55. Is a mixture of corn, oat and barley products which contains lower percentages of protein and fat than are guaranteed. Proprietary Horse Feeds. Analyses on pages 54-55. Blomo Feed is a mixture of beet molasses, blood and oat hulls, which practically meets the guaranty of the manufacturer. Buffalo Cereal Co.'s Horse Feed Analyses on pages 54-55. Consists of coarsely ground com, oat and wheat products with a littfe linseed meal, and meets its guaranty. H. 0. Horse Feed Analyses on pages 54-55. Contains coarsely ground com, oat and wheat and peanut products and meets its guaranty. Molasses Feed for Horses Analyses on pages 54-55. Consists chiefly of malt sprouts, brewers grains and molasses and contains much less protein than is guaranteed. The prices of these ready mixed feeds, ranging from $20 to $30 per ton, are quite out of proportion to their feeding value. Poultry Feeds. Analyses on pages 54-57. The analyses of a number of poultry feeds of vegetable nature as well as of beef scrap and bone and meat meal appear in the table, but do not call for more particular notice. The vegetable feeds are mixtures of corn, oat and wheat pro- ducts ; linseed meal, cotton seed meal and peanuts are found in some of them. 22 connecticut experiment station, bulletin 1 45. Proprietary Dairy and Stock Feeds. Analyses on pages 56-59. Here are included eight brands of mixed feeds. Dickinson's Stock Feed, Haskill's Stock Feed, Lenox Stock Feed and Blatchford's Calf Meal do not fully meet the guaranties of the manufacturers. The Quaker Dairy Feed, made by the American Cereal Co., consists of a mixture of wheat, oat and corn products and cotton seed meal, containing 14.4 per cent, of protein and more than the guaranteed amount. The Buffalo Cereal Co.'s Dairy Feed is a mixture consisting chiefly of oat and corn products with some wheat product and contains more than the guaranteed amount of protein. The Creamery Feed of the same company is stated by a representative of the company to be a mixture of cotton seed, hominy, gluten, corn, oats and linseed. This brand contains 20 per cent, of protein as guaranteed. The H. O. Dairy Feed consists of oat, wheat and corn" pro- ducts, with some cotton seed meal and peanuts. Blatchford's Calf Meal contains a wheat product, linseed meal, cotton seed meal, carob beans, common beans and fenugreek. Dickinson's, Haskill's and Lenox Stock Feed consist wholly of corn and oats and contains less protein than either corn or oats of good quality. The most concentrated of these mixtures contains 24.6 per cent, of protein and the others range between 20.06 and 7.81 per cent, of protein. The prices range from $21.00 to $70.00 per ton, or excluding Blatchford's Calf Meal from $21 to $28.00 per ton. A mixture of 1000 pounds of gluten feed and 1000 pounds of mixed wheat feed made at home would cost at present retail prices $24.76. It would contain a good deal more protein than could be bought for the same money in any of these factory- mixed feeds and would have a higher feeding value. It would also have this added advantage, that the feeder would know exactly what his animals were eating. In other words, the cost of most of these factory-mixed feeds is quite out of proportion to their feeding value. digestibility of feeding stuffs. 23 Buckwheat Middlings. A single sample, made at the Quinnebaug Mills, Danielson, contains 29.06 per cent, of protein and sells for $22.00 per ton. "Ground Oil Cake Compound." "Gee's Ground Oil Cake" is not ground oil cake. It consists largely of wheat and weed seeds (black bindweed, foxtail, char- lock, linseed), refuse from the screening of wheat. Condimental or Medicinal Cattle Foods. Two samples have been examined. 9909, Sheriden's Condi- tion Powders, sent by F. B. Munson of North Haven, contains linseed meal, charcoal, epsom salts, carbonate of lime, red pepper, ginger, sulphur and probably other constituents. 10152. Pepto Stock Food, made by the Banner Food Co., Auburn, N. Y., contains 23.62 per cent, of protein, being a mix- ture of linseed meal, wheat middlings, charcoal, fenugreek and salt. THE DIGESTIBILITY OF FEEDING STUFFS. A certain part of every feeding stuff is indigestible and passes through the body into the dung without doing anything to sustain the animal. The value of a commercial feed rests wholly in that portion of it which the animal can, under favor- able conditions, digest or appropriate and make a part of itself. Some animals have greater power of digestion than others, and the amount of any ingredient, protein, fat or fiber, digested by a given animal depends much on the proportion of other ingre- dients which are fed along with it. Thus, if starchy matter is fed in too large proportion, a considerable part of it will pass into the dung and be wasted. But fed in proper fashion over 90 per cent, of it may be taken up by the body and nourish it. Table I gives the "digestion coefficients" of most of the feeds mentioned in Table IV. The digestion coefficient of protein, for example, in cotton seed .meal is 88. This means that in a properly made ration, neat cattle, in good health, may be expected, on the average, to digest about 88 parts out of every 100 parts of the protein of cotton seed meal of good quality. The table has no great 24 CONNECTICUT EXPERIMENT STATION^ BULLETIN I45. mathematical precision, but is, nevertheless, a valuable general guide in feeding. The use of the table is quite simple. Suppose analysis shows a certain sample of cotton seed meal to contain 43.5 per cent, of protein ; that is, 43,5 pounds of protein in 100 pounds of the meal. It is desired to know how much digestible protein is contained in 100 pounds of meal. The table of "digestion coefficients" shows that of every 100 pounds of crude protein in cotton seed meal 88 pounds are digestible. It follows by the rule of three (100 is to 88 as 43.5 is to 38.28), that of the 43.5 pounds of protein 38.28 pounds are digestible. To apply the table, multiply the percentage found on analysis by the proper coefficient taken from the table and divide the product by 100. The result will be the percentage amount of digestible protein, fiber, etc., as the case may be. In Table IV, under the averages of analyses, will be found calculated the average digestible nutrients contained in the dif- ferent feeding stuffs, so far as the data at hand permit. Table I. — Digestion Coefficients, or Percentages of the Food Ingredients, found by Analyses, which are Digestible by Neat Cattle. (Jordan's Compilation, Office of Experiment Stations, Bulletin 77.) Nitrogen-free Protein. Fiber. Extract. Fat. Cotton Seed Meal - 88 56 62 93 Linseed Meal, new process. 85 80 86 97 Linseed Meal, old process.- 89 57 78 89 Corn Meal 68 .. 95 92 Gluten Meal 1 88 .- 90 94 Gluten Feed 86 78 89 84 Wheat Bran 78 29 69 68 Wheat Middlings 80 33 81 86 Wheat Mixed Feed 80 25 78 78 Oats* 78 20 76 83 Rye Meal 84 .. 92 64 Malt Sprouts 80 33 68 100 Dried Brewers Grains 79 52 58 91 H. O. Dairy Feed 78 41 70 86 H. O. Horse Feed - 74 35 79 84 Quaker Oat Feed 81 43 67 89 Quaker Dairy Feedf 78 41 70 86 Victor Corn and Oat Feed|; 71 48 83 87 * Mentzel and Lengerke. f Assumed same as H. O. Dairy Feed. I Assumed for all other corn and oat feeds. THE PURCHASE OF COMMERCIAL FEEDING STUFFS. 25 REGARDING THE PURCHASE OF COMMERCIAL FEEDING-STUFFS. It needs to be constantly borne in mind that feeding-stuffs are bought to supply a deficiency of protein in those which are usually raised on the farm. Hay, corn fodder, ensilage and stover form the basis and make up the bulk of the cattle food and should supply all the coarse feed, as well as most of the starch, sugar and fat which are needed. They are, however, deficient in protein. The feeder's aim then is, or should be, to buy digestible protein at as low a price as he can, in forms relished by his stock. He is not in the market to buy mixtures of cattle medicine and food, nor starchy foods, nor woody fiber, nor the many wastes of factories, where so-called "breakfast goods" for human use are made. It will very rarely pay him to buy anything which contains as little protein as corn meal. Corn meal he can generally raise much more cheaply than he can buy it — and corn meal fed with hay or ensilage needs the addition of some feed richer in pro- tein, in order to avoid waste of starchy matter in feeding. Table II is a list of the commercial feeding-stuffs mentioned in this Bulletin, which are used in feeding cows, with the per- centages of protein and fat in these feeds, and their average prices, arranged according to the per cent, of protein, the ingre- dient with which the buyer is chiefly concerned. The table is a practical summary of the analyses to be given in Table IV and deserves careful study. In thife table the average price given with the average com- position of each feed is not in most cases the average of the prices quoted by dealers, as these do not in all cases represent ruling market rates. The average price per ton given in Table II is calculated from the market quotations of the week ending January 24th, 1904 — for such articles as are quoted in the mar- ket reports-^by adding in each case $2.00, which represents the average difference between ton and car-lot prices. This therefore, quite accurately represents the condition of the feed market at the date named and affords a better basis for comparing the prices of feeds than an average of retailers' 4 26 CONNECTICUT EXPERIMENT STATION, BULLETIN I45. quotations made at various dates extending over four months' time. The table shows that we have six distinct groups of feeding- stuffs : 1 . Cotton seed meal with over 40 per cent, of protein and.costing $28.50 per ton on the average. 2. Linseed and gluten meal and dried distillers grains containing between 30 and 40 per cent, of protein, the prices ranging from $25.75 to $32.00 per ton. 3. Most of the gluten feeds, malt sprouts, buckwheat middlings and Buffalo Cereal Co.'s Creamery Feed, containing from 20 to 30 per cent, of protein, prices ranging from $20.00 to $27.50 per ton. 4. The wheat feeds, H. O. Dairy Feed, and rye feed, having between 15 and 20 per cent, of protein and costing from $21.25 to $28.00 per ton. 5. Lower grade feeds, containing from 14.5 to 10 per cent, of protein, which the feeder of dairy stock need not consider at all in buying protein to balance a ration made up of home- grown fodder, if he has home-grown shelled corn at his disposal. The prices range from $23.75 to $26.00 per ton. 6. Oat refuse and mixtures of corn and oat refuse, containing even less than 10 per cent, of protein but costing from $14.50 to $26.00 per ton. Table II. — Commercial Feeds now in the Connecticut Market ARRANGED ACCORDING TO THE PERCENTAGES OF PrOTEIN IN THEM. IVith more than 40 per cent, of Protein. per°cent. per cent. per°ton Cotton Seed Meal - 43-16 9.22 > $28.50 Witk JO to 4.0 per cent, of Protein. Cream Gluten 37.06 3.27 32.00 Linseed Meal, New Process 36.35 3.17 25.75 " " Old Process 33.Q5 7.51 26.25 Dried Distillers Grains 32.23 12.00 27.50 With 20 to JO per cent, of Protein. Buckwheat Middlings 29.06 7.77 22.00 Barley Sprouts 27.25 1.56 20.00 Various Gluten Feeds 24.43 3.16 27.50 Buffalo Cereal Co.'s Creamer)^ Feed 20.06 5.38 27.00 Fat Cost per cent. per ton. 4.98 23.50 4-53 28. 00 4.96 25.00 4-53 25. CO 4.54 23.50 4.88 23-50 3.02 21.25 4-49 24.00 4.69 25.00 4-05 24.00 4.69 27.00 4.03 23.75 7.85 24-75 THE PURCHASE OF COMMERCIAL FEEDING STUFFS. 2/ IViik i£ to 20 per cent, of Protein. percent. Spring Wheat Middlings... 17.88 H. O. Dairy Feed 17-49 Spring Mixed Feed 16.96 Winter Mixed Feed -'. 16.67 Winter Wheat Middlings 16.41 Spring Wheat Bran... 15.85 Rye Feed - - 15-57 Winter Wheat Bran 15-52 With 10 to IS per cent, of Protein. Buffalo Cereal Co.'s Dairy Feed 14.44 Quaker Dairy Feed 14.42 Schumacher Stock Feed . 11.87 Provender 10.62 Hominy Feed 10.49 With less than 10 per cent, of Protein. XXX Corn and Oat Feed 9.66 Victor Oat Feed 9.19 Lenox Feed 9.06 Haskell's Stock Feed 8.87 Victor Corn and Oat Feed 8.83 De-Fi Corn and Oat Feed... 8.81 Corn Meal 8.73 Boss Corn and Oat Feed. 8.66 Durham Corn and Oat Feed 8.25 Dickinson's Stock Feed 7.81 Vim Oat Feed 7.69 Pillsbury's Oat Feed 7.06 Cox's Oat Feed 6.64 Royal Oat Feed 6.19 It will also be noticed that the percentages of fat in these feeds are not very unlike. If we except cotton seed meal, old process linseed meal, dried distillers grains, buckwheat middlings and hominy feed, the percentages of fat all fall between i,6 and It is therefore possible to make a rough comparison of the feeds taking account of protein alone, as that is the ingredient which the feeder is chiefly concerned in getting in commercial feeds. Such a comparison shows the following : — " 5.09 25.50 3-03 20.00 4.48 23-50 5.80 24.00 4.02 23.50 2.90 27.25 3.47 23.50 4.57 24.50 4.30 24.00 4.30 22.00 2.67 14.50 1.98 23.00 3.60 17.00 1.75 20.00 28 CONNECTICUT EXPERIMENT STATION, BULLETIN I45. If 20 pounds of Protein in Cotton Seed Meal costs $0.66 Then 20 pounds of Protein in Barley Sprouts, Buckwheat Mid- dlings and Linseed Meal, old or new process, costs. i 70-.80 " " Cream Gluten and Dried Distillers' Grains costs 80-.90 " " Gluten Feeds costs ^ i. 00-1.25 '■ " Spring Wheat Bran, Winter and Spring Wheat Middlings, Winter and Spring Mixed Feed, Buffalo Cereal Creamery Feed and Rye -Feed costs i. 25-1. 50 '• " Winter Wheat Bran, H. O. Dairy Feed, Quaker Dairy Feed, Buffalo Cereal Co.'s Dair}' Feed, costs i. 50-1. 75 *' " Vim Oat Feed costs 1.75-2.00 " " Various Oat, and Corn and Oat Feeds and a number of so-called Stock Feeds range in price from__2.oo-3.25 The above is a rough but fair statement of the comparative cost of protein in these various feeds. No consideration is given to the amounts of starch, sugar and fiber contained in them. These last have a necessary part in the ration, but they are not things which the average dairyman can at all afford to buy, except incidentally, in feeds costing $20 or more per ton. They are things which he can raise cheaply and abundantly on his own farm and must raise rather than buy them to succeed in his business. They come from the air and from the water of the soil and air and do not exhaust the fertility of his land. Protein, on the other hand, is not so easily and abundantly produced in his crops, in concentrated forms, it takes from the land the most expensive and least abundant element of plant food, and its purchase brings to the farm not only the element needed to balance the home-grown feeds in the ration, but also the element which, as a rule, his land most lacks. The table shows that in feeds containing 15 or more per cent, of protein he buys the latter at prices ranging from 66 cents to $1.75 per "unit," i. e. twenty pounds. In the feeds having less than 15 per cent, of protein he pays from $1.50 to $3.25 for protein and gets it in a form in which it cannot be fed as econom- ically. That large quantities of these low grade feeds are WEIGHT OF ONE QUART OF VARIOUS FEEDS. 29 bought and used in Connecticut shows, of itself, that money is lost in the dairy business which could be saved by a little study of the way to use commercial feeding stuffs. THE WEIGHT OF ONE QUART OF VARIOUS FEED- ING-STUFFS. The following table gives the weight of one quart of the feeds named, and is useful to calculate the weight of grain ration fed, from the measure which is almost universally used on farms. This table was prepared by Mr. H. G. Manchester of West Winsted. Table III. — The Average Weight of One Quart of Each of the Feeds Named. By H. G. Manchester, West Winsted. Pounds. Cotton Seed Meal - 1.5 Linseed Meal, old process ._ i.i Linseed Meal, new process 0.9 Gluten Meal 1.7 Gluten Feed... 1.2 Distillers Grains _ 0.7 Wheat Bran, coarse 0.5 W^heat Middlings, coarse 0.8 Wheat Middlings, fine i.i Mixed Wheat Feed 0.6 Corn Meal 1.5 Hominy Meal 1.3 Provender 1.5 Oats r.2 Rye Bran 0.6 H. O. Dairy Feed 0.7 Victor Corn and Oat Feed 0.7 30 CONNECTICUT EXPERIMENT STATION, BULLETIN 1 45. Table IV. — Analyses of Commercial Feeds. Name of Feed. Cotton Seed Meal. ABC brand England Mill Jackson Mill Trenton, Tenn. Mill ., Canar}' brand Dixie brand ... Green Diamond brand H. & H. brand* Magnolia brand Old Gold brand Star brand Sunflower brand. Manufacturer or Jobber The Augusta Brokerage Co., Augusta, Ga American Cereal Co., Chicago American Cotton Oil Co., New York American Cotton Oil Co., New York American Cotton Oil Co., New York..-. ... .. R. W. Biggs, Memphis, Tenn. .. R. W. Biggs, Memphis, Tenn. R. W. Biggs & Co., Memphis, Tenn. Humphreys, Godwin & Co., Memphis, Tenn Chapin & Co., St. Louis, Mo Chapin & Co., St. Louis, Mo.- Chapin & Co., St. Louis, Mo - Chapin & Co., St. Louis, Mo .-.. -. Hayley & Hoskins, Mem- phis, Tenn Hunter Bros., St. Louis, Mo -... Chas. M. Cox Co., Boston Chas. M. Cox Co., Boston T. H. Bunch, Little Rock, Ark.. Planters Cotton Oil Co., Montgomery, Ala. J. E. Soper & Co., Boston. Retail Dealer Sledge & Wells Co., Memphis, Tenn. Sledge & Wells Co., Memphis, Tenn. G. Falls & Co., Memphis, Tenn. American Cereal Co., Chicago American Cereal Co., Chicago - Suffield, Spencer Bros Southington, Southingtor Lumber and Feed Co Wallingford, E. E. Hall... Collinsville, F. W. Konold Jewett Cit)', J. E. Leonard & Son.... . Yantic, A. R. Manning & Co New Haven, R. G. Davis. . Hamden, Ira W. Beers Berlin, J. C. Lincoln Yantic, A. R. Manning & Co. New Haven, Abner Hendee Bristol, Geo. W. Eaton Hartford, Smith, Northam & Co Putnam, Bosworth Bros. .. Hartford, Daniels Mill Co. Plainville, F. B. Newton .. Collinsville, Collinsville Grain Co. New London, Arnold Rudd & Co. New London, E. H. Caulkins New Britain, The C. W. Lines Co Groton, Groton Grain Co.. New London, Arnold Rudd & Co Willimantic, H. A. Bugbee Wallingford, E. E. Hall... Waterbury, The Piatt Mill Co. Average of the 25 analyses. .Average digestible . . * See note, page 8. analyses of commercial feeds. Sampled in 1903. 31 Analyses. c Water. Ash. Protein. Fiber. Nitrogen -free Extract. (Starch, gum, etc.) Ether Extract. Price per ton. 11139 8.80 6.13 41.69 7.74 27.07 8.57 $29.00 1 1042 10.39 6.05 41.44 7-99 26.34 7-79 29.00 11076 10.50 7.31 41.50 8.18 23-33 9.18 28.00 I I 05 I 10.35 6.63 45.25 5-30 23.17 930 30.00 10969 9-43 7-25 47.12 4.92 22.65 8.63 29.00 10958 9-33 5-90 42.12 8.41 26.80 7-44 28.00 10984 9-32 7.30 41.12 8.34 22.60 11.32 28.00 11089 9-25 7.21 42.50 6.82 23.52 10.70 29.00 11105 9.80 6.93 42.69 7-52 24.16 8.90 30.00 10957 9-83 6.75 46.25 5-30 23.22 8.65 28.00 IIOI9 9.21 6.07 41.94 7-45 26.50 8.83 30.00 11062 9.48 7.50 46.75 4-51 23.02 8.74 29.00 III3I 7.02 6.11 41.87 8.60 28.07 8.33 29.00 IO9S3 8.22 6.92 37-50 9.89 24.50 12.97 29.00 i"35 11045 7.70 10.13 7.62 6.22 45-06 44-25 5.71 5.87 22.63 23-74 11.28 9-79 29.00 30.00 11056 10.15 5-97 45.44 6.25 23.82 8.37 30.00 10949 8.94 7.68 43.62 5-52 24.46 9.78 29.00 \ 10950 8.98 6.18 48.19 5.54 22.46 8.65 29.00 1 1 108 10.02 7.10 45-56 5.68 23.79 7.85 29.00 10945 9.42 7.27 44-50 5.26 22.68 10.87 30.00 10948 9-47 5.85 42.12 8. 36 25.89 8.31 29.00 11155 9-45 5.66 41.87 8.02 25.88 9.12 29.00 1 1074 10.46 5.63 38.56 9.67 26.54 9.14 29.00 11227 8.79 938 5-79 6.60 40 31 43.16 37-98 9-33 7-05 3-95 27.64 24-59 15-00 8.14 9.22 8-S7 28.00 29.04 32 CONNECTICUT EXPERIMENT STATION, BULLETIN I45. Table IV. — Continued. Analyses of Commercial Feeds. Name of Feed. Linseed Meal, New Process. Cleveland Flaxmeal Linseed Meal. Linseed Meal, Old Process. Export brand Green Oval brand Ground Linseed Cake. Wheat Products. Bran from Winter Wheat. Bran <">. Kansas " C ". U. S. A Bran from Spring Wheat. Bran Manufacturer or Jobber. American Linseed Co. Chicago, 111 American Linseed Co. Chicago, 111 Retail Dealer. American Linseed Co., NewYork-. ., American Linseed Co., New York Chapin & Co., Boston Flint Mill Co., Milwaukee. Hauenstein & Co., BuflFalo. N. Y Hunter Bros., St. Louis, Mo. .... . -. Metzger Seed and Oil Co., Toledo. Ohio Midland Linseed Co., Minneapolis Midland Linseed Co., Minneapolis Yantic, A. R. Manning & Co. Guilford, F. H. Rolf Guaranty Average of these 2 analyses Average digestible .. New Haven, R. G. Davis.. New Haven, Abner Hendee .Torrington, E. H. Talcott.. 'So. Norwalk, M. T. Hatch- New London, E. H. Caulkins New Britain, Hugh Reynolds. Hartford, Smith, Northam & Co. .- American Cereal Co., Chicago.- American Cereal Co., Chicago -. Chapin & Co., Boston James Goldie Co., Canada Hecker-Jones-Jewell Mill- ing Co., N. Y Bay State Mill Co., Winona, Minn. . . Cataract Milling Co. Niagara Falls L. Christian & Co., Minneapolis J. G. Davis & Co., Rochester, N. Y.. Bristol, W. O. Goodsell-.- Bridgeport, Wm. M. Terry & Co Average of these 9 analyses Average digestible Branford, S. V. Osborn ... Guilford, F. H. Rolf New London, Beebe & Bragaw .. Hamden, Ira W. Beers Southington, SouthingtOyh Lumber «& Feed Co ..- New Haven, The J. T. Benham Est.-. Danielson, Waldo Bros Average of the 6 analyses*. Average digestible Norwich, A. A. Beckwith . Hamden, Ira W. Beers Derby, Peterson-Hendee Co. Winsted; Balch & Piatt... Excluding 11087. ANALYSES OF COMMERCIAL FEEDS. Sampled in 1903. 33 Nitrogen-free Extract. (Starch, gum, etc.) 10.18 j 5.22 11.04 I 5-09 j 10.61 5.15 11.56 11.21 9.68 10.25 II. 19 10.95 10.85 10.52 9.61 10.65 11.20 11.20 10.72 11.84 11.47 10.85 10.70 II. 14 10.53 11.30 10.31 9.98 5-12 5-36 5.82 4.86 4.77 5.12 4.96 4.92 5-53 5.16 5-90 5.98 5.84 5.89 6.68 6.66 5-91 6,12 6.99 5.62 5.85 5-55 36.44 36.25 37-5 36.35 30.90 32.37 33.50 31.44 36.56 34.06 31.19 31.75 33.94 32.62 33.05 29.41 14.81 16.87 15.69 12.81 15.06 15.56 15.12 15-52 12.10 16.06 16.25 16.25 16.12 8.73 9.17 8-9'5 7.16 8.73 8.81 9.26 7.68 7.94 9.42 9.12 8.24 8.01 8.58 4.89 7.84 7.49 9.61 10.10 10.19 9.19 7.92 8.91 2.58 10.54 9.09 9.70 9.50 36.15 35.38 35-77 30.76 34.90 34.12 36.56 33.34 34.98 35.89 36.07 33.89 35.70 35-05 27.34 55.81 53.56 53.15 55.15 52.31 53.61 55.86 54.21 37.40 51.15 52.54 53.00 53.66 Ether Extract. Price per ton. 3.28 3.07 I.O 3.17 3-07 7.32 $30.00 35.00 32.50 27.00 7.00 35.00 7.24 32.00 7.31 34.00 7.06 28.00 7.43 30.00 7.25 31.00 8.49 30.00 8.53 30.00 7.51 6.68 30.77 4.44 23.00 4.90 23.00 4.99 23.00 4.21 23.00 4.29 23.00 4.13 4.49 4.49 23.00 305 4.73 24.00 5.20 21.00 4.89 23.00 5.19 24.00 34 CONNECTICUT EXPERIMENT STATION, BULLETIN 1 45. Table IV. — Continued. Analyses of Commercial Feeds. Name of Feed. Bran from Spring Wheat. Bran, Clover Leaf Commander Duluth Imperial .. Independence Superior Jersey. Middlings, Winter Wheat. Middlings H. H. M. M. U. S. A. T Manufacturer or Jobber. Gardner Mill, Hastings, Minn Gregory, Cook & Co., Duluth, Minn Imperial Milling Co., Duluth, Minn.. New York Milling Co., New York Lake Superior Mills, Superior, Wis MissouriValley Milling Co., Mandan, No. Dak The Northwestern Con. Milling Co., Minneapolis Pillsbury, Minneapolis, Minn Pillsbury, Minneapolis, Minn Porter Milling Co., Winona, Minn Washburn-Crosby Co., Minneapolis, Minn Geo. C. Christian, Minneapolis, Minn Retail Dealer, American Cereal Co., Chicago American Cereal Co., Chicago C. M. Cox Co., Boston J. Hale & Co., Lyons, Mich. Hecker-Jones-Jewell Co., New York Hecker-Jones-Jewell Co., New York Hecker-Jones-Jewell Co., New York Hecker-Jones-Jewell Co., New York A. H. Randall Mill Co., Tekonsha, Mich F. Thoman & Bro., Lansing, Mich Meriden, S. A. Billings Danielson, Young Bros. Co. Meriden, A. H. Cashen New Haven, J. T. Benham Est. Guilford, Geo. F. Walter... Yantic, A. R. Manning & Co. ... Plantsville, T. B. Atwater. New Britain, C. W. Lines Co Suffield, Arthur Sikes . East Hartford, G. M. White & Co Southington, Southington Lumber & Feed Co Bridgeport, Berkshire Mills Average of these 16 analyses Average digestible Branford, S. V. Osborn Guilford, F. H. Rolf Yantic, A. R. Manning & Co. Norwich, A. A. Beckwith. East Haven, Hawkins & Forbes Southington, Southington Lumber & Feed Co New Haven, Abner Hendee North Haven, Co-op. Feed Co Norwich, Norwich Grain Co New Haven, R. G. Davis. . Danielson, Waldo Bros Litchfield, Marsh & Newcomb Average of these 12* analy- ses Average digestible Excluding No. 10961. analyses of commercial feeds. Sampled in 1903. 35 Analyses. c Water. Ash. Protein. Fiber. Nitrogen-free Extract. (Starch, gum, etc.) Ether Extract. Price per ton. I logo 10.42 , 6.94 15.12 11.46 51.66 4.40 $24.00 10974 10.33 6.63 15.44 11.30 51-30 5.00 22.00 1 1099 10.95 5.76 16 00 9.12 53.12 5.05 23.00 10995 12.24 6.68 15-25 9-44 52.61 3.78 23.00 1 1009 II. 12 5.18 16.87 8.32 53.43 5-08 21.00 10953 10.60 5.85 16.44 8.96 52.52 5.63 21.00 1 1034 11.50 6.65 15-37 11.00 50.73 4-75 24.00 11109 10.57 6.72 15-69 11.25 50.85 4.92 22.00 11143 11.05 5-94 15.62 9.82 52.52 5-05 21.00 11119 10.10 6.70 15-87 10.84 51.64 4.85 21.00 4 1 104 1 11.35 6.22 16.00 10.60 51.23 4.60 22.00 11178 • 9.38 10.74 6.88 6.26 15.25 15-85 12.36 12.20 10.19 2.96 51.30 52.08 35-94 4.99 4.88 3-32 24.00 22.50 1 1005 11.97 4-47 16.37 5.90 56.29 5.00 27.00 11015 11.33 2.41 16.50 2.58 63.53 3.65 29.00 10954 10962 11.29 12.66 3.87 3.10 17.94 15.31 4.78 3.19 57-41 61.69 4-71 4.05 27.00 27.00 10999 11.02 5-47 16.44 7.42 55.02 4.63 2 1. GO 1 1039 9-97 5.05 ■16.37 8.96 54.96 4.69 23.00 1 1020 10.05 4.85 16.12 9.14 55.31 4.53 27.00 31083 11.38 4.66 16.44 7.76 55.63 4.13 24.00 10961 12.18 2.79 12.62 3.32 65.20 389 27.00 10992 10973 12.94 11.73 3.10 4-37 15-19 15.87 3.49 5.40 61.08 57-59 4.20 5-04 25.00 11247 9.85 11.29 4-93 4.21 18.00 16,41 13.13 7.24 5.99 1.98 54.68 57-56 46.62 5.30 4-54 3-90 25.00 25-55 2,6 CONNECTICUT EXPERIMENT STATION, BULLETIN I45. Table IV. — Continued. Analyses of Commercial Feeds. Name of Feed. Middlings, unclassified. Middlings _ White Mountain Cream Manufacturer or Jobber. Middlings, Spring Wheat, Middlings.. Caledonia, N. Y C. W. Campbell & Co., Westerly, R. I. G. E. Gee Grain Co., Minneapolis, Minn. .. Superior . Brooks, Minneapolis. Minn. . .. Niagara white .. iCataract City Milling Co., Niagara Falls Snowball flour.. The Gardner Mill, Hastings, Minn. Abner Hendee, New Haven Imperial Milling Co., Duluth, Minn. Lake Superior Mills, Superior, Wis. Colonial iMiner-Hillard Mill Co. , ! Wilkesbarre, Pa Standard JNew Prague Milling Co., I New Prague, Minn " JNew Prague Milling Co., i New Prague, Minn. Manhattan New York City Milling Co., j New York .-.. Red Dog iNew York City Milling Co., New York Pillsbury, Minneapolis, Minn. Pillsbury, Minneapolis, Minn Porter Milling Co., Winona, Minn Sheffield Milling Co., Minneapolis Sheffield Milling Co., Minneapolis ...•. Thornton & Chester Mill Co. , Buffalo Snow's Cream.- E. S. Woodworth & Co., Minneapolis Mixed Feed from Winter Wheat. Mixed Feed, Acme Buckeye Acme Milling Co., Indianapolis, Ind. . American Cereal Co., Chicago American Cereal Co., Chicago Plainville, F. B. Newton.. Stonington, S. H. Chesebro Bristol, W. O. Goodsell ... Collinsville, F. W. Konold_ Hamden, Ira W. Beers Winsted, Balch & Piatt ... Avon, J. «& H. Woodford.. Meriden, A. H. Cashen Guilford, Geo. F. Walter.. Hartford, Daniels Mill Co. . Danielson, Waldo Bros. Collinsville, Collinsville Grain Co Plantsville, T. B. Atwater. Stamford, Scofield & Miller Suffield, Arthur Sikes Hartford, Smith, Northam & Co. .. East Hartford, G. M. White&Co Wallingford, E. E. Hall... Stamford, Scofield & Miller Bristol, Geo. W. Eaton Bridgeport, Berkshire Mills Average of these 17* analy- ses Average digestible Hartford, Daniels Mill Co. Meriden, A. H. Cashen .. . Stamford, Scofield & Miller * Excluding No. 11136.' analyses of commercial feeds. Sampled in 1903. 37 d Analyses. e .2 Water. Ash. Protein. Fiber. Nitrogen-free Extract. (Starch, gum, etc.; Ether Extract. Price per ton. 1 1044 12.68 3.62 17.06 4-31 57.68 4.65 $26.00 10943 11.72 4.86 17.37 7.83 53-34 4.88 26.00 1 1073 11.67 3.43 19.69 3-31 56.77 5-13 26.00 1 1049 11-75 4.71 17.50 7.40 53.65 4.99 26.00 1 1088 11.22 4-05 16.94 6.38 56.20 5.21 26.00 II238 1 103 1 9.78 10.90 5-12 4.68 18.12 18.62 7-35 7-43 54.59 52.40 5.04 5.97 27.00 24.00 IIIOI 11.04 4.40 17.31 7.98 54.04 5.23 23.00 1 1008 II. 21 4-32 18.06 7.84 53.28 5.29 23.00 III36 10.15 3-53 14.06 5-33 61.20 5-73 27.00 IO97I 11.29 4-77 19.12 7.30 52.45 5-07 24.00 IIO52 12.35 4-85 18.31 8.31 50.93 5-25 25.00 1 1036 12.24 4.85 19.25 7-35 51.38 4.93 24.00 III67 10.60 3.56 17.69 3.70 59.58 4.87 29.00 III42 12.32 4.12 17.81 6.49 54.65 4.61 26.00 III32 10.82 5.16 16.00 9-74 53.20 5.08 23.00 IIII8 11-45 4-23 17.62 8.91 53.14 4.65 22.00 IIO75 12.15 4.42 18.44 5.76 54.73 4.50 28.00 III66 II. 13 4.02 17-56 5.00 57.86 4.43 28.00 1 1066 12.39 3-93 16. ig 4-74 57.79 4.96 27.00 III77 II. 31 3.60 19-37 2.96 58.14 4.62 28.00 II.41 4.40 17.88 14.30 .6.74 2.22 54-59 44.22 4.98 4.28 25.50 III34 10.65 5.65 17-75 7.50 53.92 4-53 24.00 1 1 ICO 11.37 5-25 16.37 7.15 55.16 4.70 24.00 III68 10.65 5-15 16.44 6.92 56.03 4.81 24.00 38 CONNECTICUT EXPERIMENT STATION, BULLETIN 1 45. Table IV. — Continued. Analyses of Commercial Feeds. « Name of Feed. Manufacturer or Jobber. Retail Dealer. Mixed Feed from Winter Wheat. 1 1 246 Mixed Feed, Buckeye American Cereal Co., Litchfield, 1 Chicago Marsh & Newcomb 1 1084 1 1046 10956 "E" Hamden, Ira W. Beers " - Berkshire Plainville F. B. Newton Blish Milling Co., Seymour, Ind. ..- Yantic A. R. Manning & Co IIII5 Blish Milling Co,, New Britain, Seymour, Ind. Hugh Reynolds Litchfield, II245 No. 32 Chapin & Co., Boston Marsh & Newcomb 1 1095 " Crown EmpireMills, Hannibal, Mo. Meriden, Meriden Grain & Feed Co III38 " Erie Sufheld, Spencer Bros II161 " Hoosier Geo. T. Evans, Indianapolis, Ind Colchester, E. F. Strong... II249 " Berkshire.. R. J. Hardy & Sons, Boston Washington, Washington Feed & Supply Co. IIOI2 Isaac Harter, Toledo, Ohio Hecker-Jones-Jewell Co., Guilford, Geo. F. Walter 10970 '■ Queen New York Danielson, Waldo Bros 10986 " " Hecker-Jones-Jewell Co., New York.. New Haven, R. G. Davis.. IIO53 " Manhattan . Hecker-Jones-Jewell Co., Colllnsville, New York Collinsville Grain Co IIO78 " Hecker-Jones-Jewell Co., North Haven, New York Co-op. Feed Co 1096.7 " Sunshine Hunter Bros., Jewett City, St. Louis, Mo J. E. Leonard & Son III27 ti It Hunter Bros., Hartford, St. Louis, Mo. Smith, Northam & Co. IIOI4 Kehlor Bros., St. Louis, Mo. . . Guilford, Morse & Landon 10965 " Snowflake.. Lawrenceburg Mill Co., Lawrenceburg, Ind Norwich, A. A. Beckwith.. 1 1 104 " " Lawrenceburg Mill Co., Lawrenceburg, Ind Berlin, J. C. Lincoln 1 1063 Ideal Chas. R. Lull, Milwaukee, Wis Bristol, Geo. W. Eaton 1 1068 Chas. R. Lull, Milwaukee, Wis Bristol, Geo. W. Eaton IIIIO King R. P. Moore Milling Co., New Britain, Princeton, Ind C. W. Lines Co 11081 " National . .. North Haven, Co-op. Feed Co 1 1 120 M. Neal, Massilon, Ohio.. East Hartford, G. M. White & Co. 11250 N. M. Co., Noblesville, Ind. Washington, Washington Feed & Supply Co. 11169 N. M. Co., Noblesville, Ind. New Canaan, C. H. Fairty 10939 Rex Mill Co., Kansas City So. Norwalk, M. T. Hatch. analyses of commercial feeds. Sampled in 1903. 39 1 1 246 1 1084 1 1046 10956 11115 1 1 245 11095 11138 11161 1 1 249 11012 10970 10986 11053 11078 10967 11127 11014 10965 1 1 104 1 1063 1 1068 irno I1081 11120 11250 11169 10939 10.40 11.32 12.13 10.56 10.87 9.69 ri.02 11.20 10.40 10.28 11.40 10.37 11.69 11.66 11.55 10.66 10.55 10.85 10.74 10.33 11.19 10.77 10.57 11.57 It. 42 10.03 10.60 10.69 5-12 5-92 4.70 5.65 5.88 5.98 5.75 5-70 5-74 5.40 5.93 5-95 6.18 5-42 5-34 5.64 5.84 5.59 5.65 5.65 4.62 5-73 5-87 5.48 5.06 5.76 5.62 5.78 16.00 17-37 17.69 17.94 15.87 17-50 16.62 16.62 15.56 17.00 15.69 15.81 15.62 16.37 16.12 16.87 I5.3t 18.12 16.06 15-75 14.94 18.12 18.56 1756 16.25 16.00 17.81 17.00 6.99 8.16 6.49 5.72 7.38 7.44 7.63 7.31 7.19 7-92 7.64 9.38 8.79 7.50 7.90 6.79 7.63 6.73 7.04 6.80 11.76 8.18 7.75 6.98 6.60 6.84 7.16 7.88 Nitrogen-free Extract. (Starch, gum, etc.) 56.59 52.83 54.26 55-19 55-65 55.10 54.43 54.74 56.41 55.02 54.76 53.79 53-09 54.52 54.51 55.60 56.10 54.61 55.69 56.84 54-04 52.31 52-50 54.13 56.24 56.42 54.47 54.03 Ether Extract. Price per ton. 4.90 4.40 4-73 $23.00 22.50 24.00 4.94 24.00 4.35 23.00 4.29 22.50 4.55 4.43 24.00 24.00 4.70 25.00 4-38 4.58 24.50 24.00 4.70 24.00 4.63 22.00 4-53 25.00 4.58 23.00 4.44 24.00 4.57 24.00 4.10 24.00 4.82 24.00 4.63 24.00 3.45 23.00 4.89 23.00 4.75 23.00 4.28 24.00 4-43 23.00 4-95 4-34 4.62 23.00 23.00 23.00 40 CONNECTICUT EXPERIMENT STATION, BULLETIN I45. Table IV. — Continued. Analyses of Commercial Feeds. Name of Feed. 1 1003 mil II252 10982 III52 II158 10955 10975 II154 III53 IIO37 III57 1 1 243 1 1033 I 1029* 11237* 10979 1 1048 II256 II239 II228 10976 1 1094 II232 Mixed Feed from Winter Wheat. Mixed Feed Manufacturer or Jobber. Marine Star Farmers' Favorite.. Farmers' Favorite.. Vermont Mixed Feed., unclassijied. Mixed Feed, <«> Ozark A. M. C. Booth W. S. M.... Ben Hur Blue Grass . Mixed Feed front Spring Wheat. Mixed Feed, Bay State .. Royal Kent Columbia. Samoset .. Diamond . Rex Mill Co., Kansas City Sparks Milling Co., Alton, 111 Sparks Milling Co., Alton, 111 Valier & Spies Milling Co., St. Louis, Mo. Valley City Mill Co., Grand Rapids, Mich... Valley City Mill Co., Grand Rapids, Mich... Retail Dealer. Branford, S. V. Osborn... New Britain, C. W. Lines Co Washington, Washington Feed & Supply Co Chapin & Co., Boston Chapin & Co., Boston Crosby & Co,, Brattleboro, Vt Abner Hendee, New Haven Royal Milling Co., Minneapolis. .. .. Simpson, Hendee & Co., New York Smith, Northam & Co., Hartford A. Waller & Co., Henderson, Ky. Bay State Milling Co., Winona, Minn. .. Brooks Elevator Co., Minneapolis, Minn. . . Brooks Elevator Co., Minneapolis, Minn. .. Chapin & Co., Boston. . C. M. Cox Co., Boston C. M. Cox Co., Boston . ... Diamond Milling Co., Grand Forks, N. Dak. Diamond Milling Co., Grand Forks, N. Dak. Putnafn, Bosworth Bros. Willimantic, E. A. Buck & Co Stafford, E. C. Dennis Yantic, A. R. Manning & Co Average of the 37f analyses Average digestible Danielson, Young Bros. Co. Willimantic, H. A. Bugbee Willimantic, E. A. Buck & Co Southington, Southington Lumber & Feed Co Stafford, E. C. Dennis Thomaston, L. E. Blackmer Plantsville, T.'B. Atwater. Avon, J. & H. Woodford.. Winsted, Balch & Piatt Danielson, Quinnebaug Store Collinsville, F. W. Konold Plainville, Geo. W. Eaton. Torrington, R. W. Jennings Danbury, F. C. Benjamin &Co - Danielson, Young Bros. Co. Meriden, Meriden Grain & Feed Co - Danbury, F. C. Benjamin & Co.. - * See notice on page 12. f Excluding No. 11063. ANALYSES OF COMMERCIAL FEEDS. Sampled in 1903. 41 1 1003 mil 11252 10982 11152 11158 10955 10975 11154 11153 11037 11157 1 1243 11033 1 1029 11237 10979 1 1048 11256 11239 11228 10976 1 1094 1 1 232 11.05 10.27 9-74 II. 13 II. 15 11.67 10.44 10.85 ii.tS 10.67 11.38 « 11.73 10.82 9-59 11.54 11.46 9-56 11.28 12.50 9.76 9.11 10.13 11.17 12.15 9.67 5-53 5-63 6.15 5.41 5-23 5.09 5.25 S-S8 6.25 5.70 4-32 5.16 5.13 5.85 5-25 3.96 4.88 5.80 4.66 5.20 6.22 5.52 5.20 4.80 4-93 16.81 17.25 16.62 15.94 15.37 15.37 17.81 16.67 13-34 17.19 17.37 20.69 17.50 18.00 17.19 17.31 12.19 14.44 18.06 15.62 15.00 17.19 16.37 17.56 16.62 18.12 7.35 7.30 7-73 9-13 7.10 6.54 6.98 7.40 2.44 7.11 7.07 6.24 7.38 7-35 7.75. 6.86 13.85 13.52 8.74 8.21 9-85 8.85 7.96 8.47 7.56 8.02 Nitrogen-free Extract. (Starch, gum, etc.) 54.69 55.02 55.44 53.84 56.51 57.04 55.28 54-97 44-53 53.15 54.61 53.04 54.10 53-21 55.39 54.68 55.77 54.47 50.96 54.31 55.88 54.08 54.46 52.97 53.97 53-95 Ether Extract. Price per ton. 4-57 $23.00 4.53 23.00 4.32 22.50 4-55 23.00 4.64 24.00 4.29 24.00 4.24 24.00 4-53 23-55 3-90 5.12 24.00 4.58 23.00 4-33 25.00 4.13 23.00 5.49 24.00 4-23 24.00 4-36 24.00 2-77 22.00 3.13 24.00 5.16 24.00 4.70 24.00 4.31 23.00 4.55 24.00 5.56 22.00 4.63 23.00 4.90 24.00 5.31 22.00 42 CONNECTICUT EXPERIMfeNT STATION, BULLETIN 1 45. Table IV. — Continued. Analyses of Commercial Feeds. 11240 11229 11255 1 1035 11234 11162 1 1040 1 1065 11085 11113 1 1 107 11059 10940 11130 11126 11137 11151 10994 IIOOO \ Name of Feed. Mixed Feed from Spring Wheat. Mixed Feed Boston Monogram Fancy Angola .. Superior Manufacturer or Jobber. Maize Products. Corn Meal. Meal Bran. Gluten Meal. Cream Gluten Meal. Gluten Feed. Buffalo Gluten Feed Humboldt Mill Co., Minneapolis, Minn Imperial Milling Co., Duluth, Minn. Imperial Milling Co., Minneapolis, Minn Pillsbury, Minneapolis, Minn. ... Pillsbury, Minneapolis, Minn Simpson, Hendee & Co., New York ... Thornton & Chester Milling Co., Buffalo, N. Y Thornton & Chester Milling Co., Buffalo, N. Y Thornton & Chester Milling Co.. Buffalo, N. Y Washburn-Crosby Co., Minneapolis Torrington, R. W. Jennings Danbury, F. C. Benjamin & Co Plainville, Geo. W. Eaton. Plantsville, T. B. Atwater . New Milford, F. R. Green- Colchester, E. F. Strong Southington, Southington Lumber & Feed Co Buffak) Cereal Co., Buffalo, N. Y. ..-- CoUlnsville Grain Co., Collinsville Daniels Mill Co., Hartford Smith, Northam & Co., Hartford Illinois Sugar Refining Co. Chicago, 111 Illinois Sugar Refining Co. Chicago, 111 Illinois Sugar Refining Co. Chicago, 111 Glucose Sugar Refining Co. Chicago, 111 Glucose Sugar Refining Co. Chicago. Ill Bristol, Geo. W. Eaton. I.. Hamden, Ira W. Beers New Britain, C.W. Lines Co. Average of these 18 analyses Average digestible Berlin, J. C. Lincoln Collinsville, Collinsville Grain Co .. Saybrook, J. H. Day, Jr. .. Average of these 3 analyses Average digestible Hartford, Smith, Northam & Co. Hartford, Smith, Northam &Co Hartford, Daniels Mill Co.. Putnam, Bosworth Bros. .. Guaranty Average of these 3 analyses Average digestible New Haven, J. T. Benham Est East Haven, Hawkins & Forbes - analyses of commercial feeds. Sampled in 1903. 43 d Analyses. 2; c _o a ■ en Water. Ash. Protein. Fiber. Nitrogen-free Extract. (Starch, gum, etc.) Ether Extract. Price per ton. 1 1 240 10.46 5.22 18.00 7.91 53-16 5-25 $24.00 II229 10.58 5.00 16.87 8.36 54.73 4.46 22.00 II255 9-73 4.93 18.31 7.18 54-64 5-21 24.00 IIO35 11.66 4-59 17-25 6.89 54-93 4.68 24.00 II234 10.23 5.26 17.81 6.98 54-58 5-14 26.00 III62 10.41 5-47 15.62 10.00 53.80 4-70 25.00 1 1040 II. 12 5.08 16.25 8.37 54.20 4.98 23.00 1 1065 11.32 5-41 16.44 8.17 53-44 5-22 23.00 IIO85 11.38 5-35 16.87 8.41 52.88 5-II 22.50 IIII3 10.86 10.75 4.98 5-20 17-37 16.96 13-57 7.82 8.21 2.05 53-61 53-92 42.06 5-36 4-96 3-87 24.00 23-53 IIIO7 13-57 1.05 8.19 1.09 73.18 2.92 25.00 IIO59 10940 13-97 13-39 13-64 1.28 1.27 1.20 9.00 9.00 8.73 5-94 1.68 2.15 1.64 70.29 70.47 71.32 67-75 3-78 3.72 3-47 3.19 25.00 26.00 25-33 III30 10.77 2.90 II. 31 8.26 58.94 7.82 20.00 III26 12.05 0.56 35-94 1. 18 48.49 1.78 32.00 III37 12.07 0.73 37.19 1.40 46.98 1.63 32.00 III51 9-55 11.22 0.75 0.68 38.06 34-12 37-06 32.61 1.17 I.2S 44.08 46.52 48.87 6.39 3-2 3-27 3-07 32.00 32.00 10994 10.18 2.67 24-37 5-92 53-69 3-17 25.00 1 1000 10.69 1. 21 24.81 8.13 52.51 2.65 25-00 44 CONNECTICUT EXPERIMENT STATION, BULLETIN I45. . Table IV. — Continued. Analyses of Commercial Feeds. 1 1006 11175 1 1080 11198 10748 1 1 203 11201 1 1 199 11196 10749 11261 11197 10935 1 1 200 10963 11116 10747 11258 1 1 202 1 1 260 Name of Feed. Gluten Feed, Continued. BuflFalo Gluten Feed Flint Gluten Feed Globe Gluten Feed Manufacturer or Jobber. Glucose Sugar RefiningCo. Chicago, 111 Glucose Sugar RefiningCo. Chicago, 111. Glucose Sugar Refining Co. Chicago, 111 . Glucose Sugar Refining Co. Chicago, 111. - Glucose Sugar RefiningCo. Chicago, 111. - Glucose Sugar Refining Co. Chicago, III ... Glucose Sugar Refining Co. Chicago, 111 Glucose Sugar Refining Co. Chicago, 111 -. Glucose Sugar Refining Co. Chicago, 111 Glucose Sugar RefiningCo. Chicago, 111 Glucose Sugar RefiningCo.. Chicago, 111 Glucose Sugar Refining Co., Chicago, 111.. Retail Dealer. Branford, S. V. Osborn Bridgeport, Standard Feed Co North Haven, Co-op. Feed Co. Meriden, Meriden Grain & Feed Co New Haven, R. G. Davis. . New London, Beebe & Bragaw Plainville, G. W. Eaton .. Southington, Southington Lumber & Feed Co Flint Mill Co. Milwaukee . Flint Mill Co. Milwaukee . New York Glucose Co., New York New York Glucose Co., New York New York Glucose Co., New York New York Glucose Co., New York New York Glucose Co., New York New York Glucose Co., New York Wallingford, E. E. Hall... Westville, W. E. Warner & Bro Willimantic, Ji. A. Bugbee Yalesville, W. T. McKenzie Guaranty Average of these 14 analyses Average digestible South Norwalk, M. T. Hatch Plainville, G. W. Eaton... Guaranty Average of these 2 analyses Average digestible..! Norwich, A. A. Beckwith New Britain, Hugh Rey- nolds -. New Haven, R. G. Davis.. New London, E. H. Calkins New London, Arnold Rudd Willimantic, E. A. Buck & Co Guaranty Average of these 6 analyses Average digestible ANALYSES OF COMMERCIAL FEEDS. Sampled in 1903. 45 d Analyses. Z Price c a Water. Ash. Protein. Fiber. Nitrogen-free Extract. (Starch, gum, etc.) Ether Extract. per ton. 1 1006 10.03 . 1.94 22.50 7-32 54-87 3-34 $26.00 III75 9-75 1.60 25.12 7.83 52-05 3-65 26.00 1 1080 10.45 1.56 23-56 7.05 54-43 2-95 25.00 III98 9-59 23 56 .... .... 3-60 27.00 10748 9.62 24.87 .... 3-58 26.00 1 1 203 8.97 .... 24.25 .... ..... 3-47 26.00 1 1 201 8.98 ---- 24.12 .... .... 3-03 27.00 III99 10.73 22.50 .... 2.17 27.00 1 1 196 9.66 .... 24.50 .... .... 2.81 26.00 10749 9-75 24.25 .... .... 3-46 25.00 II261 10.02 ---- 24.87 ---- .... 3.06 27.00 IIJ97 8.75 25.62 .... 3.13 26.00 27-5 3.0 9.79 1.80 24.21 7.27 53.80 3-15 26.00 20.82 5.67 47.88 2.65 10935 8.95 0.77 19-37 6.53 61.15 3-23 27.00 II200 9-23 .... 22.75 28.5 ---- .... 4.18 3.0 27.00 9.09 0.77 21.06 6.53 58^5 3-70 27.00 18.11 509 52.38 311 10963 9-39 2.18 2C.69 7.61 51.91 3.22 ' 29.00 IIII6 10.00 1.26 26.75 7-53 51-23 3-23 26.00 10747 9-35 28.12 2.38 26.00 II258 8.72 26.25 -.--- .... 2.36 26.00 1 1202 10.10 24-37 .... 4-27 27.00 1 1 260 9.48 .... 24.87 .... .... 2-74 26.00 27.0 3.1 9.46 1.72 26.01 7-57 52.21 303 26.60 22.36 S-90 46.47 2.55 46 CONNECTICUT EXPERIMENT STATION^ BULLETIN I45. Table IV. — Continued. Analyses of Commercial Feeds. 6 Z c Name of Feed. Manufacturer or Jobber. Retail Dealer. III50 IIO61 Gluten Feed, Continued. K. K. K. Gluten Feed ... Pekin Gluten Feed Warner's Gluten Feed Gluten J. E. Hubinger Bros. Co., Keokuk, 111 Illinois Sugar Refining Co., Chicago, 111 New Haven, R. G. Davis.. Guaranty Average digestible Bristol Geo. W Eaton III22 Illinois Sugar Refining Co., Chicago, 111. East Hartford, W. J. Cox . Guaranty Average of these 2 analyses Average digestible . Avon, J. & H. Woodford.. Plainville, F. B. Newton . IIO27 11047 Warner Sugar Refining Co., Chicago, 111. Warner Sugar Refining Co., Chicago, 111 -- II235 1 1026 Warner Sugar Refining Co., Chicago, 111 Manufacturer not known .. Glucose Sugar Refining Co. , Chicago, 111 American Cereal Co., Chicago, 111 Winsted, Balch & Piatt Guaranty Average of these 3 analyses Average digestible New Haven, Abner Hendee III48 II233 Gluten Feed (no brand).. Hominy Feed. Hominy Feed Rockville, Rockville Milling Co New Milford, F. R. Green . II218 American Cereal Co., Chicago, 111 American Hominj' Co., Indianapolis, Ind Watertown, IIOI3 " C. W. & T. F. Atwood.. Guilford, Morse & Landon analyses of commercial feeds. Sampled in 1903. 47 d Z c _o (55 Analyses. Water. Ash. Protein. Fiber. Nitrogen-free Extract. (Starch, gum, etc.) Ether Extract. Price per ton. IU50* 8.50 0.98 19.44 24.60 16.72 5.79 4-52 62.76 55-86 2.53 1-7 2.13 24.00 II061 8.98 1. 10 26.56 7.59 51.52 4.25 26.00 III22 9-95 9.46 0.93 1.02 24.25 28.0 25.40 21.84 8.16 7.88 6.15 53.23 52.37 46.61 3.48 3.0 3-87 3-25 27.00 26.50 1 1027 10.22 1. 00 24.94 6.65 54.72 2.47 25.00 1 1047 8.70 1. 12 22.87 8.51 56.15 2.65 26.00 II235 8.70 9.21 0.96 1.03 23.81 28.0 23.87 20.5 7.69 7.62 S-94 56.17 55-67 49-53 2.67 3-5 2.60 2.18 29.00 26.57 1 1026 9.91 1.39 26.56 7.69 51.64 2.81 25.00 1 1 148 8.55 1.84 23.19 7.32 55.67 3.43 26.00 II233 8.89 2.75 10.87 4.80 64.66 8.03 25.00 II218 10.14 2.60 11.37 4.74 62.97 8.18 24.00 IIOI3 II. 31 2.18 10.62 3.06 66.39 6.44 26.00 * See note on page 16. 48 CONNECTICUT EXPERIMENT STATION, BULLETIN I45. Table IV. — Continued. Analyses of Commercial Feeds. Name of Feed. Hominy Feed. Hominy Meal, D .-. Feed . Chop . Hominy Chop, Green Diamond Hominy Chop, Green Diamond Hominy, Niagara White Meal Hominy, Niagara White Meal ... Hominy Feed Worthmore Chop Chop, Star... " Mixed Feed Chop Star Hominy Chop, Blue Ribbon Hominy Feed . " Chop - Manufacturer or Jobber. American Hominy Co., Indianapolis, Ind Buffalo Cereal Co., Buffalo, N. Y Chapin & Co., Boston, Mass Chapin & Co., Boston, Mass Chapin & Co., Boston, Mass Chapin «fe Co., Boston, Mass Chapin & Co., Boston, Mass Chapin & Co., Boston, Mass Chas. M. Cox Co., Boston, Mass Chas. M. Cox Co., Boston, Mass. .-, Hollister, Chase & Co., New York A. F. Lane, New York Miner-Hillard Mill Co., Wilkesbarre, Pa Miner-Hillard Mill Co., Wilkesbarre, Pa Miner-Hillard Mill Co., Wilkesbarre, Pa Miner-Hillard Mill Co., Wilkesbarre, Pa. Miner-Hillard Mill Co., Wilkesbarre, Pa Noblesville Milling Co. Noblesville, Ind Chas. Payne & Son, New York Wm. M. Payne & Son, New York , Wm. T. Reynolds, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. J. E. Soper & Co., Boston, Mass Suffern, Hunt & Co., Decatur, 111. The Patent Cereals Co. Geneva, N. Y Retail Dealer. Bridgeport, Standard Feed Co Meriden, Meriden Grain & Feed Co ._ New London, Beebe & Bragaw East Haven, Hawkins & Forbes Suffield, Spencer Bros. Colchester, E. F. Strong Collinsville, Collinsville Grain Co East Hartford, W. J. Cox.. Plainville, F. B. Newton.. East Hartford, G. M. White & Co Groton, Groton Grain Co. . North Haven, Co-op. Feed Co Meriden, S. A. Billings Berlin, J. C. Lincoln New Canaan, C. H. Fairty. Plantsville. T. B. Atwater. Bristol, Geo. W. Eaton Manchester, Manchester Elev. Co. Wallingford, E. E. Hall... New Haven, R. G. Davis. _ Collinsville, F. W. Konold. Stonington, S. H. Chesebro Berlin, J. C. Lincoln Jewett City, J. E. Leonard & Son Average of these 24* analy- ses.. Average digestible * Excluding Nos. 11106, 11171 and 11050. analyses of commercial feeds. Sampled in 1903. 49 d An ALYSES. Z c J5 Water. Ash. Protein. Fiber. Nitrogen-free Extract. {Starch, gum, etc.) Ether Extract. Price per ton. III76 8.98 2.46 10.31 4-15 66.45 7-65 $25.00 1 1093 9-97 2.72 10.31 5-29 63.36 8.35 24.00 10946 ' 9-23 3-33 11.06 5-49 60.18 10.71 . 24.00 IIOOI 9.78 2.55 10 69 4.43 65.26 7.29 24.00 1 1 140 9.42 2. [3 10.12 4.27 65.88 8.18 24.00 III63 9.09 2.49 10.44 4-03 66.06 7.89 24.00 II057 10.93 2.16 10.06 3-90 66.52 6.43 24.00 III25 9-65 3.00 10.75 3.78 63.59 9-23 25.00 1 1043 ir.72 2.76 10.37 4-33 62.82 8.00 25.00 III2I 9-30 2.35 10.31 3-51 67.30 7-23 24.00 10944 9.21 2.10 9-94 3.10 69.21 6.44 25.00 1 1079 10.27 2.52 10.75 3.29 65-37 7.80 24.00 IIO9I 10.32 2.48 10.25 4.01 65.26 7.68 24.00 1 1 106 10.87 2.99 9-31 6.63 65.60 4.60 23.00 III7I 9-31 2.44 8.75 8.24 67-39 3-87 24.00 11032 9-53 2.16 10.00 3.82 67.66 6.83 25.00 11067 9.85 2.33 10.12 3-73 66.96 7.01 24.00 III45 9-32 2.90 10.81 3.79 63.85 9-33 24.00 11077 9.46 2.60 10.75 3-96 65-53 7.70 24.00 10987 10.57 2.60 10.69 3-99 64.48 7.67 20.00 1 1050 9-65 2.49 8.56 10.17 62.91 6.22 24.00 10942 8.59 2.42 10.50 3-94 66.86 7.69 26.00 1 1 103 X0.37 2.71 10.06 3.87 64.94 8.05 25.00 10966 9-43 2.79 10.62 3-84 64-54 8.78 24.00 9.80 2.54 10.49 7-13 4-05 65.27 02.01 7.85 7.22 24.28 50 CONNECTICUT EXPERIMENT STATION, BULLETIN I45. Table IV. — Continued. Analyses of Commercial Feeds, 1 1082 1 1023 1 1 242 11183 1 1244 1 1 102 11123 11112 11128 11165 11230 10985 11257 "159 10980 11055 10960 1 1002 11219 11179 1 1 149 Name of Feed. Rye Products. Rye Bran R)'e Feed " Bran " Feed " Bran " Feed Barley Products. Barley Sprouts Malt Barley Distillery Grains. Ajax Flakes Distillers Grains, Hall's AAAA Oat Products. Ground Oats Manufacturer or Jobber. Abner Hendee, New Haven Oneonta Mill Co., Oneonta, N. Y Oneonta Mill Co., Oneonta, N. Y Miner-Hillard Mill Co., Wilkesbarre, Pa Miner-Hillard Mill Co., Wilkesbarre, Pa Smith, Northam & Co., Hartford J. E. Soper & Co., Boston H. D. Stone Milling Co., Rochester, N. Y H. D. Stone Milling Co., Rochester, N. Y Retail Dealer. Hollister, Chase & Co., New York E. P. Mueller, Milwaukee Wis E. P. Mueller, Milwaukee, Wis - Hollister, Chase & Co., New York North Haven, Co-op. Feed Co New Haven, Abner Hendee Torrington, E. H. Talcott . Ansonia, Ansonia Flour & Grain Co. Thomaston, L. E. Blackmer Meriden, A. H. Cashen ... East Hartford, G. M. White &Co New Britain, C. W. Lines Co Hartford, Smith, Northam & Co Average of these 9 analyses Average digestible Berkshire Victor Oat Feed Oat Feed Chapin & Co., Boston, Mass. Chapin & Co., Boston, Mass. Chapin & Co., Boston, Mass. .. .. Robert E. Hall & Co. Cincinnati, Ohio ._ Hawkins & Forbes, East Haven . C. W. & T. F. Atwood, Watertown Berkshire Mills, Bridgeport C. M. Cox Co., Boston, Mass. Stamford, Scofield & Miller Danbury, F. C. Benjamin & Co New Haven, R. G. Davis_- Plainville, Geo. W. Eaton. Average of these 3*analyses Average digestible Colchester, E. F. Strong .. Putnam, F. M. Coles & Co. Collinsville, Collinsville Grain Co Norwich, Norwich Grain Co Guaranty Average of the 3 analyses of Ajax Flakes. Average digestible East Haven, Hawkins & Forbes — Watertown, C. W. &T. F. Atwood -- Bridgeport, Berkshire Mills New Haven, R. G. Davis.. * Excluding No. 11165. ANALYSES OF COMMERCIAL FEEDS. Sampled in 1903. 51 0" Analyses. 2 c M a5 Water. Ash. Protein. Fiber. Nitrogen -free Extract. (Starch, gum, etc. Ether Extract. Price per ton. II082 12.77 3.93 15-50 4.13 60.56 3-i:i $27.00 II023 11.42 4-03 15.19 5.09 61.18 3.09 23.00 1 1 242 "•59 3-90 14.81 5.00 61-53 3-17 26.00 III83 10.87 4.02 17.12 4-47 60.24 3.28 27.00 II244 10.92 3-43 15.62 3-80 63-13 3- 10 27.00 1 1 102 12.97 3-25 15.00 3-72 62.36 2.70 24.00 11123 11.80 5-40 16.31 . 6.44 56-73 3-32 23.00 IIII2 12.25 3.21 15.56 3.60 62.68 2.70 26.00 III28 12.52 11.90 3.06 3-8o 15.00 15.57 13-08 3-58 4-43 63.09 61.28 56.38 2.75 3.02 1.93 24.00 25.22 III65 9-45 12.13 14.69 22.15 39-90 1.68 19.00 1 1230 6.57 6.61 27-37 14.82 43-49 1. 14 19.00 10985 8.35 6.28 25-56 14-88 43-40 1-53 18.00 "257 11.00 8.64 6.12 6-34 28.81 27.25 10.94 13.55 41-13 42.66 2.00 1.56 20.00 19.00 1II59 7.84 1.76 30.31 14-19 37-64 8.26 31.00 logSo 7.13 1-74 32.19 12.54 32.73 13.67 29.00 1 105 5 7-77 2.07 34-19 11.97 29.65 14-35 30.00 10960 7-23 1. 91 30.56 33-0 II. 71 36.08 12.51 12-0 29.00 758 1.86 32.23 25.78 12.90 4.30 33.34 22.67 12.09 12.09 29.25 1 1002 10.99 3.18 10.62 9-56 61.49 4.16 33-00 11219 11-59 3.12 II. 81 9-55 59-23 4.70 30.00 11179 9.67 4.26 9.19 17-05 56.80 3-03 20.00 1 1 149 6.41 5.62 6.94 23.61 53-79 3-63 18.00 52 CONNECTICUT EXPERIMENT STATION^ BULLETIN 1 45. Table IV. — Continued. Analyses of Commercial Feeds. Name of Feed. Oat Products. Oat Feed O.M. -. Pillsbury's Oat Feed Royal Oat Feed Vim Oat Feed Miscellaneous Mixed Feeds. Provender Victor Corn and Oat Feed Manufacturer or Jobber Retail Dealer. C. M. Cox Co., Boston, Mass C. M. Cox Co., Boston, Mass C. M. Cox Co., Boston, Mass Pillsbury, Minneapolis, Minn The Great Western Cereal Co., Chicago American Cereal Co., Chicago, 111 Collinsville Grain Co., Collinsville, Conn Marsh & Newcomb, Litchfield Washington Feed «& Supply Co., Washington XXX Corn and Oat Feed De-Fi Corn and Oat Feed Boss Corn and Oat Feed- American Cereal Co., Chicago, 111 American Cereal Co., Chicago, 111 American Cereal Co., Chicago, 111 New Canaan, C. H. Fairty. Bridgeport, Standard Feed Co. Waterbury, The Piatt Mills Co Jewett City, J. E. Leonard & Son Willimantic, H. A. Bugbee Collinsville, Collinsville Grain Co. Collinsville, Collinsville Grain Co Litchfield, Marsh & Newcomb Washington, Washington Feed & Supply Co Average of the 3 anal5'ses Average digestible Buffalo Cereal Co. Buffalo, N. Y. -. Buffalo Cereal Co. Buffalo, N. Y. -. Ellsworth & Co., Buffalo, N. Y.. Ellsworth & Co., Buffalo, N. Y. . Great Western Cereal Co. Chicago, 111 Great Western Cereal Co. Chicago, 111 New Haven, Abner Hendee Avon, J. & H. Woodford. - Watertown, C. W. & T. F. Atwood-. Guaranty Average of the 3 analyses . Average digestible Putnam, F. M. Coles & Co., Bristol, W, O. Goodsell ... Guaranty Average of the 2 analyses.. Average digestible East Hartford, W. J. Cox . Ansonia, Ansonia Flour & Grain Co Guaranty .... Average of the 2 analyses . Average digestible So. Norwalk, M. T. Hatch New Haven, Abner Hendee Guaranty Average of the 2 analyses.. Average digestible analyses of commercial feeds. Sampled in 1903. 53 6 c tJ5 Analyses. * Water. Ash. Protein. Fiber. Nitrogen-free Extract. (Starch, gum, etc.) Ether Extract. Price per ton. III70 6.15 5.55 6.56 24.88 53.39 3-47 $20.00 11174 6.62 5.65 6.75 23-73 53-62 3-63 20.00 11226 7.76 5-70 6.31 24.50 52.08 3-65 20.00 10968 8.14 6.86 7.06 24.80 51.16 1.98 23.00 II156 8.07 6.31 6.19 25.19 52.49 1-75 20.00 1 1054 9- 50 5.34 7.69 22.83 51.97 2.67 16.00 IIO58 I3-IO 1.87 12.31 4.00 64.54 4.18 27.00 II248 12.03 1.65 9.62 3.10 69-75 3-85 27.00 I1254 11.67 12.27 1.98 1.83 9-94 10.62 754 4.64 3.91 1.88 67.71 67-34 55-89 4.06 403 3.51 27.00 27.00 1 1025 10.67 3-53 8.94 10.17 62.93 3-76 24.00 1 1028 9.81 3.79 8.81 11.04 62.18 4-37 20.00 11220 10.79 10.42 3-59 3.64 8.75 8.83 6.27 10.67 10.63 5.10 62.27 62.46 51.84 3-93 4.0 4.02 3.50 23.00 22.33 1098 1 9-75 3-17 9.62 9-63 62.88 4-95 25.00 11069 5.10 7-43 3-27 3-22 9.69 9.5 9.66 6.87 10.24 9.94 4.77 66.47 64I66 53-67 5-23 4-5 509 4.42 27.00 1 1 124 9.90 3.81 8.12 13-40 62.03 2-74 23.00 II217 9.71 9.80 3.62 3-72 9-50 8.3 8.81 6.26 13-42 13.41 6.44 60.69 61.36 50.93 3-06 3-0 2.90 2.52 24.00 2350 10936 9-75 3-96 8.25 11.20 62.49 4-35 25.00 11021 10.45 10.10 3.63 3.79 9.06 8.5 8.66 6.15 10.35 10.78 S-17 61.72 62.10 51-54 4.79 4.0 4-57 3.98 24.00 24.50 54 CONNECTICUT EXPERIMENT STATION, BULLETIN I45. Table IV. — Continued. Analyses of Commercial Feeds. Name of Feed. Miscellaneous Mixed Feeds. Durham Corn and Oat Feed Corn, Oats and Barley. Schumachers Stock Feed. Proprietary Horse Feeds. Blomo Feed Horse Feed H-O Horse Feed Molasses Feed for Horses Proprietary Poultry Feed. American Poultry Feed.. Manufacturer or Jobber. Poultry Feed H-O Poultry Feed. Great Western Cereal Co., Chicago, 111 American Cereal Co., Chicago, 111.. American Cereal Co., Chicago, 111 Blomo M'f g Co., New York Buffalo Cereal Co., Buffalo, N. Y Buffalo Cereal Co., Buffalo, N. Y H-O Co., Buffalo, N. Y. H-O Co., Buffalo, N. Y. E. P. Mueller, Milwaukee, Wis. -. E. P. Mueller, Milwaukee, Wis. .. American Cereal Co., Chicago, 111 American Cereal Co., Chicago, 111. Buffalo Cereal Co., Buffalo Buffalo Cereal Co., Buffalo H-O Co., Buffalo, N. Y. H-O Co., Buffalo, N. Y. H-O Co., Buffalo, N. Y. Retail Dealer Waterbury, I. A. Spencer.. Guaranty Digestible matter Bristol, Geo. W. Eaton New Haven, J. T. Benham Est. Guaranty Average of the 2 analyses . New Britain, C. W. Lines & Co. Guaranty . . New Haven, R. G. Davis.. Suliield, Arthur Sikes . . . . Guaranty Average of the 2 analyses. Guilford, Geo. F. Walter.. New Haven, Abner Hendee Guaranty Average of the 2 analyses.. East Haven, Hawkins & Forbes Waterbury, D. L. Dickinson & Son.. Guaranty Average of the 2 analyses.. Saybrook, J. H. Day, Jr... Rockville, Rockville Milling Co Guaranty Average of the 2 analyses.. New Haven, R. G. Davis.. Meriden, Meriden Grain & Feed Co... Guaranty Average of the 2 analyses .. Guilford, Geo. F. Walter.. Bristol, Geo. W. Eaton... Meriden, Meriden Grain & Feed Co Guaranty Average of the 3 analyses.. analyses of commercial feeds, Sampled in 1903. 55 d An ALYSES. Water. Ash. Protein. Fiber. Nitrogen-free Extract. (Starch, gum, etc.] Ether Extract. Price per ton. II224 9.87 4.18 8.25 8.3 5.85 10.97 S-2'7 62.43 51 = 82 4.30 3.6 3.74 $24.00 1 1064 10.35 4.09 12.19 10.00 58.78 4-59 25.00 10993 9.91 10.13 4.27 4.18 11.56 130 11.87 9-93 9.94 59-54 59-19 4-79 4.69 26.00 25-50 IIII4 16.57 9-55 17-31 15-0 10.77 45.20 0.60 I.O 27.00 10988 10.55 2.94 11.87 10.32 59-87 4-45 26.00 III4I 9.92 10.23 3-15 3.05 11.87 12.0 11.87 10.17 10.25 60.39 60.12 4- 50 4-50 4.48 26.00 26.00 IIOII 1 1 024 11.00 11.04 11.02 2.84 2.80 2.82 12.12 11.94 12.S 12.03 9.12 8.65 8.89 60.39 61.57 60.97 4-53 4.00 4-50 4.27 30.00 29.00 29-50 10998 16.02 6.36 15.81 8.89 50.94 1.98 20.00 II222 14-93 1547 6.01 6.18 16.87 21.8 16.34 8.09 8.49 52-50 51-72 1.60 2.8 1-79 25.00 22.50 1 094 1 10.57 3-27 14-37 5.06 60.40 6.33 29.00 III47 11.40 10.98 3.10 3.19 15.50 14.0 14-93 3-65 4.36 60.82 60.61 5-53 4-5 5-93 35-00 32.00 IO99I 12.12 2.78 16.19 4-95 59-64 4-32 32.00 1 1098 10.40 11.26 3-04 2.91 16-75 17.0 16.47 5.24 5-09 59-70 59.68 4-87 5-5 4-59 34.00 33.00 IIOIO 1 1060 II. 15 10.48 2.48 ■ 2.59 16.50 16.75 4-52 4-42 59-72 60.08 5-63 5.68 35.00 36.00 1 1097 10.17 10.60 2.74 2.60 15.62 17.0 16.29 4.59 4-51 61.80 60.54 5-08 5-5 5-46 34.00 35.00 56 CONNECTICUT EXPERIMENT STATION, BULLETIN I45. Table IV. — Continued. Analyses of Commercial Feeds. d Z c '^ in Name of Feed. Manufacturer or Jobber. Retail Dealer. ' Proprietary Poultry Feed. II253 Wheat Shreds Natural Food Co. Washington, Washington Feed & Supply Co. Niagara Falls, N. Y 1 1 160 Beef Scrap The Bowker Co., Boston, Mass Colchester, E. F. Strong .. 10959 " .. New England Fertz. Co., Yantic, Boston, Mass. A. R. Manning «&; Co. 1 1 146 >( The L. T. Frisbie Co., Hartford, Conn. Manchester, Manchester Elev. Co. IIO18 Bone and Meat Meal McCoy & Best, Meat Meal Peekskill, N. Y Guilford, F. H. Rolf 10977 Rogers Mfg. Co., Danielson, Rockfall, Conn. Young Bros. Co II181 Spratt's Patent Beef Scrap Proprietary Dairy and Stock Feeds. Newark, N.J Derby, Peterson-Hendee Co. 1 1007 Quaker Dairy Feed American Cereal Co., Chicago, 111..- Branford, S. V. Osborn 1 1030 " " " American Cereal Co., Chicago, 111 Avon, J. & H. Woodford. - III29 " " " American Cereal Co., Hartford, Chicago, 111 Smith, Northam & Co. .. III44 " " " American Cereal Co., Chicago, 111 Suffield, Arthur Sikes II25I American Cereal Co., Washington, Washington Chicago. Ill Feed & Supply Co. Guaranty Average of the 5 analyses. . III73 Dairy Feed Buffalo Cereal Co., Buffalo Bridgeport, Wm. M. Terrj'& Co Guaranty 10938 H-O Dairy Feed H-O Co., Buffalo, N. Y. .. So. Noi-walk, M. T. Hatch- IIO7I It 11 H-O Co., Buffalo, N. Y. .. Bristol, W. 0. Goodsell--- Guaranty - Average of the 2 analyses. _ 10989 Creamery Feed Buffalo Cereal Co., Buffalo, N. Y. New Haven, R. G. Davis.. 11072 " Buffalo Cereal Co., Buffalo, N. Y Bristol, W. 0. Goodsell... 1 1096 " " Buffalo Cereal Co., Meriden, Meriden Grain & Buffalo N. Y. Feed Co Guaranty Average of the 3 analyses.. II22I Dickinson's Stock Feed.. D. L. Dickinson & Son, Waterbury, Waterbury, Conn, D. L. Dickinson & Son,. Guarantv analyses of commercial feeds. Sampled in 1903. 57 6 Analyses. 2 c Water. Ash. Protein. Fiber. Nitregen-free Extract. (Starch, gum, etc.) Ether Extract. Price per ton. II253 7.15 1-75 11.06 1.85 76.25 1.94 $32.00 1 1 160 7.50 29.92 43-81 2.67 16.10 60.00 10959 8.68 29.01 45-12 .... 3-47 13.72 34-00 1 1 146 7.62 29.04 45-19 .... 3-72 14-43 50.00 IIOI8 6.10 37-08 43-19 .... 4-34 9.29 50.00 10977 6.10 49-85 27-25 .... 2.49 14.31 37-00 III8I 9.91 16.56 56.56 .... 3.89 13.08 50.00 1 1007 8.81 5,26 14-75 15-34 51-95 3-89 24.00 1 1030 8.70 5-56 14.06 15.64 51-90 4.14 22.00 III29 8.65 5-27 14-37 16.79 51-07 3-85 23.00 1 1 144 8.20 5.55 14.62 15-33 51-70 4.60 22.00 II25I 8.47 4-90 14-31 14.0 14.42 14-57 15-53 53-98 52.12 3-77 3.5 4.05 21.00 22,00 III73 8.86 2.83 14.44 14.0 13.26 55.92 4-69 4.0 26.00 10938 II07I 9-34 10.03 9.68 3-83 3-35 3-59 17-37 17.62 18.0 17.49 12.76 11.30 12.03 52.66 52.67 52^68 4.04 5-03 4.5 4.53 27.00 27.00 10989 10.33 3-39 20.06 8.82 52.02 5-38 25.00 1 1072 9.80 3-76 20.44 ro.53 49.72 5-75 27.00 1 1096 9.62 3-55 19.69 20.00 10.86 51.28 5.00 5-0 28.00 9.92 3.57 20.06 10.07 51.00 S.38 26.60 1I22I 9-77 2.81 7.81 lO.O 11.46 63.85 4-30 4.1 22.00 58 CONNECTICUT EXPERIMENT STATION^ BULLETIN I45. Table IV. — Continued. Analyses of Commercial Feeds. d c Name of Feed. Manufacturer or Jobber. Retail Dealer. 1 1092 II23I 10997 Proprietary Dairy and Stock Feeds. Haskell's Stock Feed Lenox Stock Feed Blatchford's Calf Meal... Buckwheat Middlings Gee's Ground Oil Cake Compound Germaline W. H. Haskell, Toledo, Ohio The Strong-Lefferts Co., New York The Strong-Lefferts Co., New York.- J. W. Harwell. Waukegan, 111 Meriden, S. A. Billings .. Guaranty Waterbury, The Piatt Mills Co Danbury, F. C. Benjamin & Co Guaranty Average of the 2 analyses.. New Haven, J. T. Benham Est. Guaranty Danielson, Quinnebaug Store Derby, Peterson-Hendee Co. Norwalk, Holmes, Keeler & Selleck 10978 Quinnebaug Mills, Danielson . . . . III80 III64 G. E. Gee Grain Co., Minneapolis, Minn Diamond Mill Co., Buffalo, N. Y analyses of commercial feeds. Sampled in 1903. 59 d Analyses. c Water. Ash. Protein. Fiber. Nitrogen-free Extract. (Starch, gum, etc.) Ether Extract. Price per ton. 1 1092 9-45 2.60 8.87 8.96 64.32 5.80 $24.00 12.0 6.3 II225 15.08 2.80 9-25 7-32 61.01 4.54 24.00 II23I 10.20 2.94 8.87 9-93 63.64 4-42 23.00 12.64 2.87 9-9 9.06 8,62 62.33 3-3 4.48 23.50 10997 11.26 4.45 24.56 26.0 4-33 50.76 4-64 5-0 70.00 10978 14.90 5-IO 29.06 3-23 39-94 7.77 22.00 III80 11-45 4.89 14.82 8.88 53-09 6.87 23.00 III64 7.82 3.80 12.81 5.08 68.51 1.98 26.00 C" O University of Connecticut Libraries 39153028850354