StP ,..-.^J jllt^. p"^^^ M> riii: mim;rvi imjomx i 01 (ANAHA. ^^^^ LIBRARY / y^^^v U3LIC AFFAIRS SERV!^ ^^^x^/m-if^ I ..^, iaV't;.v^&.|. BEITISH COLUMBIA MI.NKILVL P1(0\LNCE OF CAxNADA A Short History of Mining in the Province, a Synopsis of the Mining Laws in Force, Statistics of Mineral Production to Date, and a Brief Summary of the Progress of Mining during 1914. THE fRCllCi H Swiai uUSBA. I'lUNTED BY AUTIIOKITY 01" TIIK LlXilSLATlVK ASSKMlil.V. VICTOniA. B.C.: nicd by WiLi.iiM II. ClLLl."), Primer to tba Klng'i Mml F.icelltnt M« Biirrisij ('()L(Mi;iA. THE MINERAL PROVINCE OF CANADA. Britisli C()luiiit)ia lias juoducwl to date §";5,26!),{;03 of Placer Gold, §81,595,51(3 of IxKJe Gold, ?37,709,282 of Silver, .?31,4(i8,462 of Lead, §8(3,939,370 of Copper, and §149,814,462 of Coal and Coke ; §26,026,050 other metals and building-stone, etc., a total production of §486,822,745. The Mineral Production for 1914 was §26,388,825. Lode-mining has only been in progress for about t\vent_v-twt) \-pars, and not 30 % of the mineral land has been even prospected ; 250,000 square miles of unexplored mineral-bearing land are open for prospecting. Mineral locations are granted to the discoverers for nominal fees. Absolute titles are obtiiiiied by developing such properties, the security of which is guaranteed by Crown grants. The Mining Laws of this Province are more liberal and the fees lower than in any Province in the Dominion, or any Colony of the British Empire. Full information, together with Mining Reports and Maps, may be obtained from the Agent-General for British Columbia, Salisbury Hou.se, Finsbun,- Circus, London, E.C., or by addressing HON. SIR KICHAKD McBUIDE, K.C.M.G., William Fi.kkt Rohkutson-, Minisl-^r uf Mxnex, rnwincxal Minera/oijMt, VirlorUi, /l.C, Victoria, B.C., Camvla. Canada. MIMNt: IN BRITIJ^H COLUMBIA. Kritish Columbia, the most westerly Province of the Confcdei-ation forming the Dominion of Canada, comprises, principally, that section of British North America lying to the westward of the summit of the Rocky mountains. The northern boundary of the Province is the 60th parallel ; its southern boundary the United States of America, oi' practically, the 49th parallel ; on the west it is bounded by the Pacific ocean, and on the eick-and-shovel methods, then only available, the placer output gradually dropped until in IK'JS, the annual production was only a little over half a million dollars. In 1H99, however, placer-mining was revived by the discovery of new and virgin fields in the Atlin District, a continuatioh to the north of the famous Cariboo and Omineca diggings of the past, and the connecting link between these and the more recent, but equally famous, goldfields of the Yukon, thus completing the chain of continuous " placer " districts from the 49th paiiillel, north-westerly, to the 69th parallel. Fort Steele, Revelstoke, the valley of the Fraser river, Quesnel Forks, Barkerville, .Manson, Telegraph Creek, and Atlin may be said to have been centres of known "placer"' goldfields, pointing with no uncertain finger to the Yukon, and indicating a flow of gold bearing wjish from the north-western to the south-eastern corner of the Province. In the vast area covered by this flow, the places mentioned are only spots at which gold luis been found in sufficient quantity to be profitably mined by the old pick-and-.shovel methods. That other such spots remain to be discovered seems probable, while it is certain that, in a large percentage of the intervening areas, gold exists in (juantitj- sucli as it will pay well to mine by modern methods. A continued falling-off in the production of placer gold might have been expected in the year 1900, had it not been that machinery and water-power were beginning to be substituted for the laborious methods of the early miner, a change rendered possible by the improvement in transportation facilities. The modern methods of working placer deposits demand a heavy initial outlay for plant, but a large number of powerful companies are now engaged in Briti.sh Columbia in installing the necessary machinery and equipment, with such prospects of success that the old |)lacer grounds promise, under the stimulus of hydraulic mining, to yield an output of gold not previously attained in the palmiest days of placer-mining proper. The new liydraulic companies referred to have taken up a large number of leases of placer ground in the Province, but this branch of the mining industry is, at present, only in its infancy in Briti.sh Columbia. Such brielly, is the history of placer-gold mining in the Province : that it is only the beginning of such, the improved methods of mining, and the new districts each year becoming accessible, lejive little reason for doubt. The total production of placer gold to date is about §73,269,603. It is only the repetition of the history of all placer-mining countries that prospecting for lode mines received little or no attention until after the placer grounds have been so culled o\er as to force the prospector into new fields of labour. Nor is this to be Lode-mining. wondered at ; the placer is the "poor man's mine"; he needs little or no capital to work it ; its product is cash, to all intents and purpose.s, and he is his own master — all attractions too great for the sturdy independence of the prosjicctor to allow liiiii to think of searching for lode mines, which, when found, wipiire so much capital to work hit they leave but very small interest in the property with the original owner or "locator," British Columbia, while, at the same time, the necessity of transportation facilities for the product of the mine, limits the field of search to within a comparatively few miles of a railway or navigable waterway. Railway facilities are comparatively recent acquisitions in British Columbia, our first line— the Canadian Pacific Railway — ha\ang been completed in 1885, and following, naturally the least mountainous path across the Province. From the main artery of communication thus aiforded, " prospectors " penetrated into the adjacent country by following up the main water- ways which abound, with the result that discovery after discovery of valuable mineral was recorded. Development of these mineral discoveries was unavoidably slow, being delayed by the lack of transportation facilities, which, it will be readily understood, could not be obtained until sufficient w^ork had been done on the "prospects" found t(^ prove their value and to give reasonable ground for believing that a proper and sufficient return would he obtained on the capital invested in the establishment of the requisite means of carriage and communication. Thus, it was not until 1893 that the lode mines of British Columbia really began to be productive, the output from this source during the six years immediately prior to that date amounting to an average value of only about $60,000 a year, derived from selected rich ores found near the existing lines of transportation. In 1893, however, the value of the production of the lode mines of the Province rose to §300,000, since which time there has been a steady increase, until in 1901 the output from this class of mining had reached a value of $13,683,04-1, and although it fell off slightly in 1 902, the decrease was due principally to the lesser market values prevailing ; since 1 903 an upward tendency is again apparent. The increase thus shown in the short period of a decade gives ground for faith in the country as a future large producer of mineral wealth, and indicates that British Columbia will prove to the capitalist a profitable field for investment. The total ppoduction of lode gold to date is $81,595,516 of which .$5,109,004 was produced in 1914. Such, then, is a brief summary of our mineral development, the details of which will be more fully found in the statistical tables following, which are taken from the Report of the Minister of Mines, and are compiled by the Provincial Mineralogist from the sworn statements of returns by the mine-owners and mining companies throughout the Province. Attention is in\'ited to these statistics and to the growth of the mining industry as therein indicated, since they speak both clearly and with due authority of the present standing and future prospects of British Columbia as a mining country. The development of the mining industry has been of such rapid growth that the demand for skilled, or even ordinary, labour has of late years been greatly in excess of the supply, and there is, consequently, plenty of work to be found in the country for miners and mine-workers generally, and the attention of British miners is directed to this field of labour. The country is fairly well supplied with clerical and office assistance, and there is at present a fair supply of tradesmen of almost every sort. The country is great and glowing in importance ; there is room for and need of a greatly increased population. The current wages jiaid in and about the mines are as follows : — Miners receive from $3.30 to $4.50 per day (14 to 19 shillings). Helpers „ 2.50 „ 3.50 „ (10 to 14 „ ). Labourers „ 2.50,, 3.00 „ (10 to 12 „ ). Blacksmiths and mechanics c. 3.50 n 5.00 .. (14 to 20 n ). The climate of the country is favourable — much milder than east of the Rocky mountains. The conditions of life are easy ; luxuries are scarce but want is unknown. The laws are just and equitable, and the administration thereof fair and sure, as is guaranteed wherever the British flajr flies at the mast-head. Pkovixce Oh- Canada. Mention has been niiulc of the geographical position i>t Itntisli ( oluiiibia as having in the past been a hinch-ance to (levelopinent. It would now seem, Imwcvcr, that the markets of the world may in tiie futme be on the bordei-s of the Pacific ocean, and that the disadvantages in the matter of freights from wliith this Province has suffered will be reversed, enabling us to more than compete with all in the coming trade. The markets for our mineral wealth have, in the past, been on tiie Atlantic seabuard ; in the near future they may be on the Pacific coast. Wo shall, too, shortly, have our own refineries within the boundarie-s of the Province, so that our metals shall be turnca m:k.\l nioDi (TIon of iikitisii con miiia. MKTIIol) OK COMPUTING PUODL CTKJX. In assembling the output of the lode mines in the following t^ibles, the established custom of this Bureau has been adhered to, viz. : The output of a mine for the year is considered that amount of ore for which the smelter or mill returns have been received during tlie year. This system does not give the exact amount mined during the year, but rather the amount credited to the mine on the company's books during such year. For ore shipped in December the smelter returns are not likely to be received until February in the new year, or later, and have, consequently, to be carried over to the credit of such new year. This plan, however, will be found very approximate for each yeai-, and ultimately correct, as ore not credited in one year is credited in the next. In the lode mines tables, the amount of the shipments has been obtained from certifiefl i-eturns received from the various mines, as provided for in the " Insjiection of Metalliferous Mines Act, 1897." In calculating the value of the products, the average prices for the year in the New York Metal Market have been used as a basis. For silver 95 per cent., for lead 90 per cent., and for zinc 85 per cent, of such market prices have been taken. Treatment and other charges have not been deducted, except that in copper the amount of metal actually recovered has been taken, thus covering loss in slags. TABLE I. — Total Pkoductiox for all Years up to and includixg 191 1. (Jold, placer S 7:},-.'li9,60.3 OoUl, lode Kl..i!l.5,.-.1(; Silver ; 37,709,282 Lead 31,4r)8,4t)2 Copper 86.939.370 Coaf and coke 149,814,462 Building-stone, bricks, etc 23,827. 101 Oilier metals, zinc, etc 2, 198,949 Total $486,8-22,745 TABLE II.— Production for each Year from 1852 to 1913 (inclusive). 1852 to 1892 (inclusive) • S 81 ,09»6 1907 25,882..-«o 1908 23,8.51.277 1909 24.443,02.5 1910 1911 191 26..377.IM16 23,499,072 :«,44O,S0O qio .•»0,2im,.S98 ■ \ ',',',',',',','.',',','.['.'.'.". 26,388,825 Tot.,1 . $4.86,822,745 BiuTisH Columbia, Table III. gives a statement in detail of the quantities and value of the difl'erent mineral products for the years 1912, 1913, and 1914. It has been impossible as yet to collect complete statistics regarding building-stone, lime, bricks, tiles, and other miscellaneous products, but such figures as it has been possible to secure are given in some detail in Table V. QUASTITIE TABLE III. AND Value of Mineral Products for IS 1913, AND U Gold, placer „ lode Silver Lead Copper Zinc Coal Coke Miscellaneous pro- [ducts Customary Measure. Ounces Pounds Tons,2,246 It). Quantity. 44,i 257,496 :, 132, 108 ,454 51,456,537 5,358,280 2,628,804 264,333 555 5,322 1,810 1,805 9,200,1 1,585,! 3,435,' Quantity. 272,254 3,465,856 55,364,677 46,460,305 6,758,768 2,137,483 286,045 Quantity. Value 247,170 3,602,180 50,625,048 45,009,699 7,866,467i 1,810,967 234,5771 563,000 5,109,004 1,876,736 1,771,877 6,121,319 346,125 6,338,385 1,407,462 2,852,917 TABLE IV. Output of Mineral Products by Districts and Divisions. Names. Divisions. Districts. 1912. 1913. 1914. 1912. 1913. 1914. $ 268,000 S 226,024 S 308,807 Cariboo Mining Division S 180,000 80,000 8,000 S 131,000 55,000 40,024 $ 166,500 37.000 105,307 Quesncl -, Omineca „ 467,579 5,723,004 6,165,255 412,748 5,947,9:» 7,092,107 2,079,177 4,703,672 6,311,205 East KooTEN AY District West Koote.say District 371,766 1,951,315 581,700 3,214,751 45,729 ■■■■627', 150 2,258,309 863,966 3,305,771 36,911 "471,534 1,780,936 579,563 3,456,610 22,562 Nelson Trail Creek Other parts 8,716,406 7,925,336 4,867,029 Osoyoos, Grand Forks & Green- wood Divisions 7,903,006 748,900 64,500 6,833,902 1,019,340 72,094 4,270,744 533,991 62,294 .Siniilkanieen, Nicola, Vernon. . Yale, .-Vshcroft, Karaloops LiLLouET Distkict 5,000 11,095,556 71,445 8,620,803 38,978 8,079,957 Coast Districts (Nanaimo, Al- berni, Clayoquot, Quatsino, Victoria, Vancouver) 332,440,800 §30,296,398 126,388,825 InIiiiiiI llrilinll ( olllllllii l-iMiniiiM-l'ii<'lfl<' The Mineral Phovince of Canada. 5-? -saiii]( sno ■83jaa!i|oo JO )Ik1 ■ino |»Jox •sionpoj^ 8noauv||oo . nil •(I«jd[y -9UO)8 -Suipimg Hi ;ii ill CO 5 S to is 3 E S^IS nil §1 ll^as nil i; = i (r>=i ■ £5 5 S3 3 f^5 I- l\ ?1 ClS E « •■= ''I I I i IS § 5 B «"2 i I 25 o 5 5» I I i la i i o 10 i i SJ6c iiriii-siiife British Columbia, TABLE VI.— Placer Gold. Table VI. contains the yearly production of placer gold to date, as determined by the returns, sent in by the banks and express companies, of gold transmitted by them to the mints, and from returns sent in by the Gold Commissioners and Mining Recorders. To these yearly amounts one-third was added up to the year 1878 ; from then to 1895 and from 1898 to 1909, one-fifth ; and since then one-tenth, which proportions are considered to represent, approxi- mately, the amount of gold sold of which there is no record. This placer gold contains from 10 to 25 per cent, silver, but the silver value has not been separated from the totals, as it would be insignificant. Yield op Placer Gold per Year to Date. 1858... . . $ 705,000 1873... ..$1,305,749 1859... . . 1,615,070 1874... .. 1,844,618 1860... .. 2,228,543 1875... .. 2,474,004 1861... . 2,666,118 1876... . 1,786,048 1862... . 2,656,903 1877 . . . .. 1,608,18-2 . 3,913,563 1878 .. .. 1,275,204 1864... .. 3,735,850 1879... .. 1, •290,0.58 1865... .. 3,491,205 1880 .. .. 1,013,8-27 1866 .. .. 2,662,106 1881... . 1,046,737 1867... 2,480,868 1882... 954,085 1868... .. 3,372,972 1883... 794,252 1869... 1,774,978 1884 .. 736,165 1870... .. 1,336,956 1885 .. 713,738 1871 . . . . 1,799,440 1886... . 903,651 1872... .. 1,610,972 1887... 693,709 1892. 1893. 1894. I 616,731 1903 588,923 1904 490,435 1905 429,811 1906 399,526 1907 356,131 1908 405,516 1909 481.683 1910 544,026 1911 513,520 1912 643,346 1913 1,344,900 1914 1,278,724 970,100 1,073,140 1,060,420 1,115,300 969,.S00 948,400 828.000 647,000 477,000 540,000 426,000 555,500 510,000 565,000 Total l?7S TABLE VIL— Production op Lode Mini a Gold. Silver. Lead. Copper. Zinc. ^ Oz. Value. 0. Value. Pounds. Value. Pounds. Value. Pounds. Value. Value. $ 17,690 79,780 63,19-2 8 17,331 76,000 47,873 7:i.>HS 204,800 674.600 165,100 Xil. Nil. 808,420 2,135,023 5,662,523 2^:MI Ml. 33,064 78,996 169,875 .'.:i2,-.'.',,i S « S 1888 104 813 54,371 1891 4 000 1802 99 999 1,170 6,252 3il,-2(14 -2S7;49B 272,2.54 247,170 23,404 126.014 :::::.'.:::: 324,680 !ir>2„S40 16,-234 :'.;.;,-.',is ■71,781 1 i'i.'jes 1895 1896 1897 1898 2,342,397 4,257,179 7,052,431 6,529 420 1899 6,751,604 13,683,044 11,101,102 11,571,367 12,309,035 15,180,164 17,484,102 16,218,847 14,477,411 14,191,141 13,228,731 11,454,063 17,662,766 17,190,838 16.2-25,061 1903 '■■;«- 1905 1906 1907 1908 1909 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 '■' -,.-.nn,6o6 ! I,1M,192 ,' . II ■M;:!-i,.'i44 1 . 1 . .-.,.;:.N,-J80 1,; :.'..' ..'^lif.'.'ii' ibb'.ooo 192,473 l-2n,0M 31li,1311 324,4-.'l 34(i,12.i To-1 3,958,273 81,695,.-,ll .;«,74o,.s05 31,4(;s,4(;2l .',115,-207,;»IXi S6.:i:j!I,37i) 35,302,-251 1,708,260 239.420,880 The Mineral Province of Canada. 19 TABLE VIII.— Coal and Coke Production per Year to Date. Coal. r. ToiK (2,240 Iti.X Value. I,873,»(7 $ 6,003.245 18«-2 282,139 846,417 1883 213,299 639,897 1884 .%4,()70 1,182,210 188.5 26.-i,.596 796,788 1886 326,636 97»,il08 1887 413,360 l,24O,08(J 1888 489,301 1,467,903 1889 579,830 l,73!).4i)0 1890 678,140 2,031,420 1891 1,029,097 .3,087.291 1892 82«,.S.35 2,479,005 1893 978,294 2,9;M,882 1894 1,012,953 3,038,859 1895 9.39,&M 2.818,962 1896 896,222 2,688,666 1897 8S2,854 2,648,562 1898 l,l.S.-.,865 .3,407,595 1899 l,.3lHi,:«4 .3,918,972 1900 l,-i:t!),595 4,318,785 1901 1,4(50,331 4,380,993 19<»4,582 1904 1,2.53,628 3,760,884 1905 1,384,312 4,152,936 1906 1,517,.303 4,551,909 1907 1 ,800,067 6,.30«»,235 1908 1,677,849 5,872,472 1909 2,(X)6,476 7,(fi2,666 1910 2,800,046 9,800,161 1911 2,193,062 7,675,717 1912 2,628,804 9,200,814 1913 2,1.37,483 . 7,481.190 1914 1,810,!»67 6,.3.38,.385 Total 41,199,387 * I. 32,507,063 Coke. Year. Tons (2.240 »i.). Value. 19..396 $ 96,980 35,000 K.J.OfH) 34,a)l 171.2.56 8.->,149 42.5,745 127,081 6.35,405 128,015 640,075 16.5,->»3 827,715 23S.428 1 . 1 92, 1 40 171,785 l,.358,92o 99,227 996,135 •222.913 1,3,37.478 247,399 1,484, .394 2.58,703 1..5.52,218 18,029 1,308.174 66.Ctt.5 .33 13.070,245 7:978 ■"l.^StVl.M^ 2,.'.21..1-l '2.iBb,898 """"i.»7:64i "'l.G07:64i »6.S7?.3«7 44.»71.4.14 .'..-..:iilj.r,7: SU.625.048 1, 069,621 1,8W,«27 i:77i:877 S6.»t7.a5« 51.4.W,:-.37 45:009:699 4,671,644 t,fS4.S44 8,408.513 6.3.18.280 7.0!>4.4)» n,7r.8,7(is 6,121.319 7.886.467 ie9,o« 316,130 liJ:{li 11,830,083 18,218:266 "l7,7bo:8S8 i&raadei iimasi British Columbia, TABLE X —Showing Mineral Production of British Columbia. furni m m ir?si R!l El ra ISl ra rsi rm IFUI IPl FSl Fil m PH PI WfH PI w\ wl nn m\ 1314 1 »34 000 000 33,r,OO,000 33,000,000 32,500,000 32,000,000 31,500,000 31,000,000 30,500,000 30,000,000 29,500,000 29,000,000 28,500,000 28,000,000 27,500,000 27,000,000 26,500,000 26,000,000 25,500,000 25,000,000 24,500,000 24,000,000 23,500,000 23,000,000 22,500,000 22,000,000 21,500,000 21,000,000 20,500,000 20,000,000 19,500,000 19,000,000 18,500,000 18,000,000 17,500,000 17,000,000 16,500,000 16,000,000 15,500,000 15,000,000 14,500,000 14,000,000 13,500,000 13,000,000 12,600,000 12,000,000 11,500,000 11,000,000 10,500,000 10,000,000 9,500,000 9,000,000 8,500,000 8,000,000 7,600,000 7,000,000 6,600,000 6,000,000 6,500,000 6,000,000 4,500,000 4,000,000 3,500,000 3,000,000 2,500,000 2,000,000 1,500,000 1,000,000 500,000 000,000 \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ 1 / \ \ >» / \ \ \ \ \ / \ / 1 -J ij / ■N / (^/ 7 ^ / ^/ ' » -, \ , -5 1 1 V 1 / y / '/ \ / / r ^ III ^ f V \ -J < 1/ ' ^ / <: t / ^ 1 ' \ A- 1 ' r '. , -. ' / '■^^ ' / / . 1 y r, «►' / -" ■ 'v yT p^* » k ^ Tu^ / y ,~ --. /, ' -" ' / X ,' " / ,'' / ^ t;-^ -f*- f-f r— _, (7 M. D -r, ^ ^ ct '^ — r: JZ ?r^ — — — — — — ::: ^ z: ^ ^ Hl90l|l slisoel Hl90l|l902ll903|l904ll90sll906|t$07|l808|l909|l91ol|gi1 1191211913 llQU I y==s ^^ §s .4 ii i :?: a » iZ '^^\ :i II =1 ^ The Mineral Province of Canada. 23 British Columbia, PROGRESS OF MINING. The year 1914, during its first half, gave promise of being an exceedingly favourable one for mining in the Province, and it was even expected that its mineral production would exceed that of any previous year. Tliese expectations, however, were shattered by the unprecedented conditions which con- fronted the mineral industry during the last half of the year. These conditions were brought about by the great European war, which so upset the metal markets of the world that quota- tions of prices for the more important metals were unobtainable for months. Such a condition was never before experienced, lea\'ing no basis on which present sales of ores or metals could be transacted, or even the future values of these predicted. Gold alone had a stable value, but the other metals that go to make up the mineral output of the Province are all such as America produces a large surplus of, which surplus had been disposed of in the European markets, and with these markets temporarily destroyed, the pro- duction of these metals was either stopped or materially curtailed. Recently, however, since the eventual outcome of the struggle can be definitely predicted and Britain has obtained the undisputed command of the seas, the metal markets have been able to again resume business and to quote prices, these, however, being somewhat lower than previously prevailing. It will be seen, therefore, that the conditions adversely affecting the mining industry are but temporary and with their end within sight. The production for 1914, although it is materially less than those for the years 1912 and 1913, is, nevertheless, about the same as for the year 1910, while it is considerably greater than that of any other year and is much greater than the average production for the last ten years. The decrease shown this year, while it is partially caused by a lesser quantity of the metals produced, is not entirely attributable to that cause, but is partially due to the lower average price of the metals prevailing in 1914 as compared with those of 1913. For example, the average market value of silver in 1914 was about 4.9 cents an ounce lower than in 1913 ; copper was 2.27 cents a pound lower ; lead, 0..5 cent a pound lower ; zinc, 0.4-5 cent a pound lower. If the metal prices of 1913 had been maintained during 1914 and applied to the output for that year, this output would have been valued at some 11,170,117 greater than it appears. The lower average prices for the metals prevailing in 1914 are partially attributable to the war, but to some extent were occasioned by the financial stringency which preceded the war and possibly foreshadowed it. The gross value of the mineral production for 1914 was §26,388,825, a decrease from that of the year 1913 of .f3,907,.573, or about 12.2 per cent. The gradual increase in production during the past twenty-three years, and its fluctuations, are graphically shown in Table X., on page 14 of this Report. The tonnage of ore mined in the lode mines of the Province during the past year was less than that of 1913. The ore mined amounted to 2,175,971 tons, showing a decrease from that of the previous year of 487,838 tons. The tonnage mined in 1914 was produced by the various districts in about the following proportions: Boundary, 50.3 per cent. ; Rossland, 13.6 per cent. ; Cassiar, 12.1 per cent. ; ■ i-iii'iii.' i: The Mineral Province ok Canada. 25 the Coast District, 11.7 per cent. ; Slocan District, 4.7 per cent. ; Ainsworth, 3.1 percent.; Nelson, 2.7 per cent. ; Ejist Kootenay, 1.7 percent.; and all other parts of the Province combined, 0.1 per cent. The following tabic shows tlie number of mines wliicli shipped ore during tiie yviir 1914, the districts in whicli they are situated, and the tonnage produced in each distiict, together with the number of men employed, both above ground and underground ; — • Tabi.1 IIPPINO Minks CARnioo ASD Cassiar : Omiiieca, Allin, Skeens, Queen Charlotte, aud Portland Canal East Kootenay : Fort Steele Windermere-Golden West Koote.sat : Ainsworth Slocan and Slocan City Nelson Trail Creek Other Divisions BOONDARV ; Grand Forks, Greenivood, and Osoyoos Ashcroft-Kamloops SirailkameenVernon LlLLOOET Coast Total. Tons of Ore shipped. No. of Mines shipping. No. of Mines shipping over 100 Tons in 1914. Men EMru)VED iv tuksk Mi.ni! In explanation of the table it should be said that, in its preparation, a mine employing twelve men for four months is credited in the table with four men for twelve months, so that the total given is less than the actual number of individuals who worked in the mines during the year. Taule siiowint. Non shipping Mines anu Mkn kmpi,i«ved. NCMRER OF Ml M. M,. ,M,,.,., District. Working. Idle. Total. Below. Above. ToUL .3 .... ^.... 8 2 2 2 i 9 2 ,1 8 3 "l 12 2 10 24 10 9 5 28 24 "lO 37 8 3 41 5 I 45 ■J-, East Kootksay Ainsworth 40 Nelson 10 Trait. Creek 12 4 86 LiLLOOCT 2 Total .•ici ~2 102 137 83 220 British Columbia, SUMMARY OF THE STATISTICAL TABLES. Referring to the preceding tables of the mineral production of the Province, the following is a summary of their contents : — Table I. shows the total gross value of each mineral product mined in the Province up to the end of 1914, aggregating $486,822,745. From this table it will be seen that coal-mining has produced more than any other separate class of mining, a total of .$149,814,462 ; followed next in importance by copper at $86,939,370, and next in order is lode gold at $81,-595,516, with placer gold in fourth place at $73,269,603. The metal gold, obtained from both placer and lode mining, amounts to a value of $154,865,119, the greatest amount derived from any one mineral, the next important being coal, the total gross value of which, combined with that of coke, is $149,814,462, followed by copper at $86,939,370, silver at .$37,709,282, and lead at $31,468,462. Table II. shows the value of the total production of the mines of the Province for each year from 1893 to 1914 (inclusive), during which period the output increased nearly tenfold, and reached a production, for the year 1913, valued at $30,296,398, which is nearly three times what it was in 1898. The gross production for the year 1914, is $26,388,825, which is materially less than that of either the year 1912 or 1913, a condition not due to the mines, but to be accounted for by the disruption of the metal markets occasioned by the war, which necessitated the closing-down of some of the larger mines during the last half of the year. During the first six months, the year gave promise of making a record production. The value of the total mineral production of the Province up to the end of 1914 was $486,822,745. Table III. gives the quantities in the customary units of measure, and the values, of the various metals or minerals which go to make up the total of the mineral production of the Province, and also, for the purposes of comparison, similar data for the two preceding years. The table shows that there has been this year an increase in the production of placer gold of some $55,000, but at the same time a decrease in the output of lode gold of $518,486, making a decrease of $463,486 in the total production of the metal. The amount of silver produced this year was 3,602,180 oz., having a gross value of $1,876,736, an increase in the number of ounces produced of 136,324, due to an increased production in the Omineca, Skeena, and Fort Steele Divisions. The gross value of the silver product this year, however, shows a decrease over that of last year of $91,870, on account of the market price of silver being lower during this year. The table shows an output of lead in 1914 amounting to 50,625,048 S)., valued at $1,771,877, which is a decrease from the production of the preceding year of 4,739,629 fc. of lead. The production of copper this year was 45,009,699 Bj., valued at $6,121,319, a decrease in amount of 1,450,606 B)., or about 3.12 per cent. The value of the product was less than that of the preceding year by $973,170 — a decrease of 13.7 per cent. Table IV. shows the proportions of the total mineral productions made in each of the various districts into which the Province is divided. It will be noted that this year again the Coast District has the honour of first place on the list, followed, in order of importance, by the West Kootenay and Boundary Districts. The Coast and East Kootenay Districts owe a considerable proportion of their output to the coal-mines situated within their limits, whereas, in the other districts, the production is chiefly from metal-mining. The Mineral Pkovince of Canada. 27 The Coast District also derives a large pi-oportion of its production from "Miscellaneous products," such as building materials, etc., due to the larger cities therein ; this year this amounted to §2,419,817, as shown in Table V. In this table, this year again, the value of zinc has been distributed to the districts producing it, which has occasioned some changes in this table as compared with the I'JO'J Report, thus making it differ from the column in that and previous reports. Table V. is a new table introduced three yejirs ago, and is an endeavour to show in some detail the production of tho.se products, such as building materials, previously summarized under " Miscellaneous products," and which amounts this year to §2,852,9 1 7. Much ditticulty has been found in obtaining reliable figures regarding these products, and in many cases they have had to be estimated; but, while the figures are not as complete as desired, they are at least approximate, and show what an important branch of mineral production this has become. Table VI. gives the statistical record of the placer mines of the Province from 1858 to 1914, and shows a total production of .?73,269,603. The output for 1914 was ?565,000, an increase, as compared with the previous year, of about 10.8 per cent. Table VII. relates entirely to the lode mines of the Province, and shows the quantities and values of the various metals produced each year since the beginning, in 1887, of such mining in the Province. The gross value of the product of these mines to date is $239,420,880 ; this figure includes the zinc production of 1909 and all subsequent years. Last year a new column was made in this table in which to record the zinc production, and the output since 1909 has been recorded therein. In former yeare the zinc production was small and was listed a.s miscellaneous material. Table VIII. contains the statistics of production of the coal-mines of the Province. The total amount of coal produced to the end of 1914 was 41,199,387 tons (of 2,240 lb.), worth §132,507,063. Of this, there was produced in 1914 some 1,810,967 tons valued at 86,338,385, a decrease of 326,516 tons in quantity and of §1,142,805 in value compared with the preceding year. In these figures of coal production the coal used in making coke is not included, as such coal is accounted for in the figur&s of output of coke. The amount of coal used in making coke in 1914 was 355,461 tons, from which was made 234,577 tons of coke, ha\-ing a value of §1,407,462, a decrease from the preceding year of 51,468 tons, or about 17.95 percent., with a decrease in value of §308,808. While 234,577 tons of coke was actually made only 234,480 tons was actually sold ; 94 tons being added to the stocks at the mines, and 3 tons was used under the company's boilers. The total value of the output of the collieries of the Province in 1914 was §7,74.5,847. The average selling prices taken this year in the calculation of value of product are the same as those used last year ; that for coal being §3.50 and for coke §6 a ton of 2,240 11). The prices used in calculations prior to 1907 were §3 and §5 respectively. More detailed statistics as to the coal production of the Pro\-incc and of the separate districts are given elsewhere in this Report. Table IX. gives the details of production of the metalliferous mines of the Province for the years 1911, 1912, 1913, and 1914, and the districts in which such productions were made, showing the tonnage of ore mined in each district, with its metallic contents and its market value. The total tonnage of ore mined in the Province during the year 1914 was 2,175,971 tons, having a gross value of §15,225,061 and with the placer gold u total value of §15,790,061. BUITISH COHMRIA, The following table shows the percentages of such tonnage derived from the various districts of the Province : — Boundary District 50 . 25 per cent, of tonnage. Trail Creek Mining Division 1 3 . G5 .. n Cassiar District 12.10 n n Coast District 11.75 Slocan District 4 . 73 Ainsworth Mining Division 3.05 .■ Nelson Mining Division 2.72 << m East Kootenay District 1 . 65 .■ Other Divisions 0.1 100.00 In reports previous to 1910 there has been included in this table the "Miscellaneous products," and in 1910 these were shown distributed to the various districts ; the great increase of these products in the past few years has rendered it advisable that this table be reserved exclusively for metalliferous products, and so a new table (No. V.) was introduced in 1911, giving in some detail, the output of these miscellaneous products. In making comparisons of this table with similar tables in previous reports, the fact that "Miscellaneous" has been removed will have to be borne in mind. Table X. presents in graphic form the facts shown in figures in the tables, and demonstrates to the eye the rapid growth of lode-mining in the Province, and also the fluctuations to which it has been subject. It will be seen that, although coal-mining has been a constantly increasing industry duiing this whole period of twenty-three years, lode-mining did not begin practically, until 1894, since when it has risen with remarkable rapidity, though not without interruption, until it reached, in 1906, the $17,500,000 line. The total mineral production in 1910 reached the $26,000,000 Hne, and in 1912 it reached the $32,000,000 line, while this year it again drops to near the $26,000,000 line. Table XI. compares graphically the output of certain mineral products in British Columbia with that of the combined output of similar products in all the otlier Provinces of the Dominion, and shows that in 1913 British Columbia produced, in the minerals shown, an amount equal to over 45.9 per cent, of all the other Canadian Provinces combined. GOLD. The production of placer gold during the past year was worth about Placer Gold. $565,000 as nearly as can be ascertained ; great difficulty is found in obtaining reliable figures, since the work is, in many cases, carried out by individuals or unorganized groups of men who keep no books, frequently paying wages, or for supplies, in gold-dust, which, being readily transported, is scattered, and the ta.x imposed thereon by law is thus evaded. This year's output shows an increase, as compared with 1913, of $55,000, chietly due to a better gravel-wa.shing season than usual in the Atlin District. Considerable work in connection with placer-mining was done in the Similkameeu District, although the actual production was small. The production of placer gold is nearly all from the Atlin and Cariboo Districts ; over 93 per cent, of the total coming from these two sections. The Mineral Province of Canada. 'I'Ir- viilue of tlie gold produced from lode-iiiiiiing in the Province during Gold from Lode- tlie year 19U wius .'55,109,004, ii decrease, a.s co^lpu^ed with the previous mining. year, of §018,486, or about 9.2 per cent. This reduction in the production of lode gold is due to large decreases in the output of the Boundary and Nelson Districts and smaller decreases in the Atlin, Lillooet, and Coast Districts. Against this there is a considerable increase in the Hkeena Division of the Ciussiar District, due to the commencement of smelting operations by the Granby Comi>any at Anyox, and a slight increase in the yearly output of the Trail Creek Division. The falling-off of the gold production in the Boundary District is entirely attributable to the closing of the smelters in August, on account of the European war. This same cause is largely responsible for the reduction in output of the NeLson Mining Division. The only large stamp-mill in operation in the Province is at the A'jcXv/ Plate mine at Hedley, in the Osoyoos Mining Division, which, this pa-st year, milled some 78,494 tons of ore having a value of about §800,000. Thei'e are smaller sUmp-mills operating at tlie Poonnan, Queen, Mother Lode, and other mines in the Nelson Division ; and in addition, there are stamp-mills at the Jewel mine. Greenwood ; Coronation mine, Lillooet ; and Enyineer mine, Atlin, which operated during the year. The following are the values of the gold product of the three most important camps ; Rossland, $2,864,201 ; Boundary, §1,775,048 ; and Nelson, .$316,210. About 74 per cent, of the gold production of the Province is obtained from the smelting of copper-bearing ore.s, the remainder mainly from stamp-milling. SILVER. The total amount of silver producetl in the Province during the yejir 1914 was 3,602,180 oz., valued at .§1,876,736, an increase in amount, !is compared with the previous year, of 136,324 oz. ; but, owing to the decrease in the market value of this metal, the value of the silver-output in 1914 was 891,870 less than in 1913. This is the greatest prrKluction of this metal since 1902. The Slocan District — including the Ainsworth, Slocan, Slocan City, and Trout Lake Mining Divisions — produced about 59 per cent, of the total Provincial output of silver this year, and the Fort Steele Mining Division about 13.7 per cent., all from argentiferous galena. Tlie remainder is chiefly derived from the smelting of copper-ores carrying silver. The Hazelton District shows a big increase over the output of the previous year, the figures being respectively 13.5,265 and 46,298 oz. ; most of this is credited to the SUixr Standard mine. The following table .shows the silver production from the diflTerent Mining Divisions : — Slocan and Slocan City M.D. producwl Fort Steele Bnundurv 'i Ai.iswortli Nelson Trail Creek •■ Ornineca Skcena Coast Trout Like All others 3,602,180 1,775,975 oz. silver = 49.35 ] per cent, of totjil. 492,080 13.65 347,981 9.64 „ 329,586 9.15 „ 1.50,268 - 4.18 „ 1.36,185 3.78 135,265 .3.75 131, .509 .{.64 „ 91,574 2.54 „ 11,295 0.31 „ 462 0.01 " British Columbia, LEAD. The lead production of the Province for the year 1914 was 50,625,048 B). of lead having a market value of $1,771,877, showing, as compared with the previous year, a decrease in amount of 4,739,629 ft. of lead, or 8.55 per cent., and a decrease in value of $403,954, or 18.5 per cent. This amount of lead represents the amount of metallic lead actually received and paid for by the smelters. Instead of taking account of " loss in slags," we have followed, as has been our habit, the practice of the smelters of deducting 10 per cent, from the market price of the metal, in calculating the value. The average market price of this metal for the year 1914 was a little lower than for the previous year. The lead production is this year, as usual, derived chiefly from the Slocan and Fort Steele Mining Divisions, as is shown in the following table : — Fort Steele M.D. produced 24,863,105 ft. lead = 49.13 per cent, of total. Slocan Ainsworth 2,004,436 „ 3.95 323,482 M 0.64 130,590 „ 0.26 Nelson Omineca All others 50,625,048 100.00 COPPER. The amount of copper produced in the Province in 1914, smelted during the year, was 45,009,699 ft. fine copper, valued at the average New York market price for copper at $6, 121,319. These figures represent the amount of copper actually recovered, as nearly as it is possible to ascertain ; the amount of copper really in the ores mined would be approximately 25 per cent, greater. As compared with the year 1913, these figures show a decreased production in amount of 1,450,606 ft., or about 3.13 per cent. This decrease is accounted for by the war conditions. It is an agreeable surprise to find that under these conditions, the quantity of copper pro- duced in 1914, as compared with 1913, shows only the comparatively small decrease of 1,450,606 ft. The explanation lies in the fact that the operation of the Granby Consolidated Company's Midden Creek mine and its smelting-works at Anyox, in Skeena Mining Division, resulted in the production of copper to an extent that largely offset the decrease that resulted from the suspension of production from Boundary District mines. The following tabic shows the production of the various districts for the years 1911, 1912, 1913, and 1914 :— 1911. 1912. Boundary District. .22,327,359 ft. 33,372,199 Rossland ., . . 3,429,702 ,. 2,539,900 Coast & Cassiar „ ..11,017,872,, 15,518,181 Yale-Kamloops ,, . . 152,723 ,, Nelson ., „ 26,257 1913. 1914. 28,621,973 ft. 16,428,959 ft. = 36.52% 2,538,661 „ 3,779,830 ,. 8.40 „ 14,446,967 „ 24,199,621 „ 53,74 „ 37,578 „ 14,525 „ 0.03 „ 815,126 „ 586,764 „ 1.31 „ 36,927,656 „ 51,456,537 „ 46,460,305 „ 4.5,009,699 „ 100.00 „ The average assays of the copper ores of the various camps, based upon the copper recovered were as follows : — Boundary, 0.753 per cent. ; Coast, 2.545 per cent. ; and Rossland, 0.636 per cent. The Mineral Province of Canada. ZINC. Tho total quantity of zinc produced in 1914 was 7,866,467 ft)., valued at $346,12.') the average New York price, less 1.5 per cent., being Uken as tho ba.sis of valuation. This shows an increase, as compared with the year 191.'!, of 1,107,699 lb., or 16.;}C per cent. The lowering of tho United States tariff on zinc concentrates and ore entering that country served to stimulate zinc production, and during the latter months of 1914 the high price pre- vailing and the great demand for zinc for war purposes accelerated the shipments of concentrates. The experiments and plant for the electric smelting of zinc-lead ores which had been in operation at Nelson for about a year under G. C. Mackenzie, of the Mines Branch of the Department of Mines, Ottawa, were finally abandoned during last summer. W. R. Ingalls, who acted as consulting zinc metallurgist to that Department, writes — " The experimental work at Nelson, B.C., was discontinued, it being regarded as conclusively settled that an electric zinc-smelting furnace so small as one ton of daily capacity is a commercial impossibility, while the satisfactory development of a larger furnace was regarded as too doubt- ful to be undertaken at Nelson." COAL. The gross production of coal in 1914 was 2,166,428 long tons, of which 3.5.5,461 tons was made into coke, leaving the net production at 1,810,967 tons. These figures show a decrease, as compared with 1913, of 404,332 tons gross and of 326,.516 tons net. The quantity of coke made was 234,577 tons, which is a decrease of about 51,468 tons as compared with 1913. For purposes of comparison the following table is shown : — 1914. 1913. 1912. 1911. 1910. 1909. Coal, gross to LesK mode into coko IS, 2,240 tt.. . 2,166,428 355,461 2,5-0,7(iO 433,277 3,025,709 396,905 2,297,718 104,656 3,139,2.35 339,189 2,400,600 .394,124 Coal, net 1,810,967 2,137,483 2,628,804 2,193,062 2.800.046 2,006.476 Coke made 234.577 •286,045 264,333 66,005 218,029 258,703 These figures indicate a serious decrease, which is, however, only temponiiy, Ix-ing mainly attributable to the European war. In the interior of the Province the war brought about at least a partial closing-down of the metalliferous mines and smelters, and thus diminishing the amount of railway transporta- tion, all of which constituted the chief market for the coal of this district. In'the Vancouver Island District the output in 1914 was gi-eater than it was in 1913, when the labour troubles interfered with the production, but it is still much below the normal output of the.se collieries. Production was not interfered with to any appreciable extent, if at all, by lal>our troubk« in 1914. In fact, it was claimed that much more coal could have been pnxlueeil had there been demand for it. There is no doubt that all there was a market for was j)rocliir The greater part of the gross Provincial production is still being mined by three companies — the Crow's Nest Pass Coal Company of East Kootenay, the Canadian Collieries and the Western Fuel Company of Vancouver Lsland, which rained, collectively, 74.4 |>er cent, of the gross output, their respective production representing 36 per cent., 24.1 per cent., and 14.3 per cent, of .such total. Of the other collieries : In the Coast District, on Vancouver Island, the Pacific Cmuit Coal Mines, Limited, produced 130,645 tons, and the Vancouver- Nanaimo Coal Company 107,158 tons; and in the Nicola Valley section of the district, the Middlesboro Colliery Company mined 60,705 tons, the Inland Coal and Coke Company 53,281 tons, the Princeton Coal and Land Company 19,535 tons, while the Coalmont Colliery producetl .some 4,850 tons of coal. In the Eiist Kootenay District, in luldition to the Crow's Nest Pass Coal Company, which [iroduced 778,403 tons, the Hosmer MincvS, Limited, produced 102,468 tons and the Corbin Coal and Coke Company 74,312 tons. In addition to those companies actually shipping, several other conijianies have U-en installing plant and have appi-oachwl the shipping stage, mention of which will be nuide elsewhere in this report. 3 British Columbia, The collieries of the Coast District, including the Nicola Viille_v field, arc to be credited this year with about 56 per cent, of the total coal output. The gross output of the collieries of the Province for the past year was, as already stated, 2,166,428 tons, of which some 21,840 tons of coal was added to stock, making the gross amount of coal distributed 2,144,588 tons. Of this gross amount, there was sold for consumption in Canada, 864,160 tons ; sold for consumption in the United States, 602,707 tons ; making the total coal sales for the year 1,466,867 tons of 2,240 ft. In addition to the coal sold, there was used in the manufacture of coke 35-"),461 tons, all in the East Kootenay field; and used under companies' boilers, etc., 175,031 tons: while 147,229 tons was lost in washing and screening. There was no coke made this year in the Coast District, although some 2,314 tons was sold from stock, the total coke production having been made by the Crow's Nest Pass Coal Company, and Hosmer Mines, Limited, in the East Kootenay field, where, from 355,461 tons of coal, 234,577 tons of coke was manufactured, of which 3 tons was used under the companies' boilers. The coke sales of the Province for the past year amounted to 234,480 tons, and in addition 94 tons was added to stock. The following table indicates the markets in which the coal and coke output of the Province was sold : — CO.41. Coast District. Crowsnest Pass District. Total for Province. Sold for coiisuQipl ion in Canada ton'*, •2,2.10 It). export to United States n II export to other countries n 724,066 213,324 140,094 389,383 864,160 602,707 Total coal sales Coke. Sold for consumption in Canada tons, 2,240 lb. export to United States « export to other countries » 937,390 2,314 529,477 177,853 54,313 1,466,867 180,167 54,313 Total coke sales ; 2,314 232,166 234,480 OTHER MINERALS. The situation in regard to iron ore remains unchanged, no material Iron Ore. advancement having been made in the utilization of the numerous deposits throughout the Province. At present there is no market in the Province for iron ore, and, as a consequence, very little development-work has been done. There are, undoubtedly, a number of iron-ore deposits in different districts which are of considerable size, and which are, as a rule, very free from injurious elements. In considering the possibility of the successful establishment of an iron and steel industry, other factors besides availability of ore are important — namely, a sufficient market for the products, a supply of fuel near by at a price comparable with what it is in the East, and a steady supply of suitable labour. The Mineral Pkovince of Canada. Ho far as is at [)ieseMt known, thi-re is on the Coast no developofl UH\y t>f liii-inatite or other ore of iron, such as would be desirable to mix with the magnetites for blast-furnace smelting. A deposit of hiematite is being develoind on the Zymfiet/ river, a description of which is given elsewliere in this Report. As to the electro-thermic smelting of sueli iron ores into commercial pig-iron, the process has not as yet been suBiciently perfected, although it is looked upon as one of the possibilities of the future. Considerable interest has been manifested during the past year in regard to iron-deposits generally, and there have been many rumours of intended installations of iron-smelting plants, but notiiing iit all definite has yet become public. No production of platinum in 1914 has been reported, and it is not Platinum. likely that the Tulamecn output from placer-mining was more than a few ounces. Drilling for oil was continued in the Fraser valley, and also in the O'l- neighbourhood of Otard bay, Graham island, but although the re-sults are said to be encouraging, no appreciable flowage of oil is yet repoi-ted. A small amount of development-work wa.s carried out on the mica Mica. claims in the vicinity of Tete Jaune Cache, but no output is yet recorded. Now that the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway has l)een built within a few miles of these claims, it is pretty well assured that they will be seriously investigated this coming summer. It is of interest to note the fact that the mineral molybdenite has been Molybdenum. discovered, in what appears to be commercial quantities, at the head of Lost creek, some fifteen miles from the town of Salrao, in the Nelson Mining Division; two carloads of the mineral has been mined and taken to Salmo for shipment. The deposit would appear to be of considerable size, but, judging from the siimples sent to this Department by the owners, the material will require to be concentrated to bring it up to the market requirements of about 8.5 per cent, molybdenite. BU ILDI NG M ATE U I AL.S. The production of building materials during 1911 was less than in the year 1913, due no doubt to the financial depression and the war, which have, to some extent, retarded construc- tion-work, especially in the Coast cities. The decrease in output was general with each of the different kinds of building material, except in the case of riprap. Nearly §500,000 worth of this material wius u.sed in the construction of the breakwater and piers at Victoria, and therefoix' this column in the table shows a large increase over that of the previous year. The output of pottery and tile was also nearly equal to that of the previous year. Tlie heaviest decreases were in red brick and cement. For the past yejir, although the statistical returns are not as complete as desire Report of this Bureau for 1904. The marble-quarry in the Ainsworth Mining Division is still being Marble. developed, but it is not known that any appreciable output was made. Two new maible-quarries were opened up on the southern end of Texada island, but it is too soon as yet to expect anything more than sample shipments. Sample slabs from one of those quarries sent to the Provincial Museum show a marble very pleasing to the eye and of excellent quality, hard, and taking a good polish. The other quarry is known to have sent at least one scow-load of large blocks to Vancouver — pi-esumably to be slabbed — but no information is as yet available as to the results obtained. The production of red brick during the past year was about 17,000 M., Red Brick. amounting in value to §163,300. The price of common brick ranges from ?8 to §11 a thousand, accoi-ding to quality and demand. A considerable quantity of biick is still imported into Vancouver, but, as the local plants are now well equipped with modern appliances, they should be able to overcome outside competition. The only company producing firebrick in the Province is the Clayburn Firebrick. Company, Limited, with a plant at Clayburn, where the beds of clay are of the age of the coal-measures. This company made approximately 1,600 M. firebrick, worth about $43,000, and 1,100 M. front or face brick, worth over f30,000. Besides this the company made a large number of common brick, paving-brick, tiles, drain-pipes, etc. The plant of the British Columbia Pottery Company at V ictoria West, Pottery Drain- which manufactures drain and sewer pipe, chimney-tiles, etc., was rebuilt pipe, and Tile, after having been burned down in 1913, and had nearly a full year's output. The Port Haney Brick Company, besides manufacturing common brick, also make drain-pipe, partition-block, etc. The manufacture of lime is conducted in a small way at a large number Lime. of points in the Province, but only on the Coast has any attempt been made at more extensive operations. In the neighbourhood of Victoria, on Esquimalt harbour three kilns are in operation, and there are kilns on Saanich Arm. On Texada Island — in addition to the old plant at Marble bay — a new and extensive plant has been erected at Blubber bay. The limestone being used is of exceptional purity, but in some instances the lime-stone beds are cut by igneous dykes wliicli have to be rejected, and this somewhat increases the costs of quarrying. The Consolidated Mining and Smelting Company quarried about 52,000 tons of limestone from the Fife quarries for use as flux in the furnaces at the Trail smelter. TllK MlNKHAI, PltOVlNCK or ('ANAI)A. 37 Two companies nmiiufactuied cement in the Province during the past Portland Cement, year. The Vancouver Portland Cement Company, with works at Tod inlet, is Siiid to liavo pro(liice McUrik R. F. Toi,MiK, Wm. Flket Robertson, D. E. Whittakkr, John D. G.\i,i.o\vay, Thomas Graham, Henry Devlin, John Newton, Geo. O'Brikn, Thomas H. Williams Robert Strachan, James McGregor, Mi nisi er of Mines. Deputy Minister of Mines. Provincial Mineralogist and .Usaycr. Proi'incinl .Inatysl and Assistant Assayer. Assistant Provincial Mineralogist. Chief Inspector of Mines, Victoria. District „ Nanaimo. Merrill. Nelson. GOLD COMMISSIONI'KS AND MTNTN'f; nF.rORDE I'.:- Mining Divisions. Location of Office. (iold (.'oniniis.sioiuT. Mining Recorder. Sub- Recorder. Atlin Mining Division. . Sub-offico Atlin Discovery J. A. Fraser W. G. Paxton.... R. Webster Telegraph Creek H W Dodd Summit Station GeofTrey Butler. W. H. Simpion. Wyniiton Haines (U.S.) .... (Com. for taking Affidavits) H. \V. Dodd Nahliri Telegraph Creek . . Boundary Telegraph Creek. H. W. Dodd J. F. Pilling. William Strong. Chas. H. Smith. Stikine Mining Division . . Sub-oflice Liard Mining Division . . . Skeena Mining Division.. Sub-office Prince Rupert J. H. McMuUin... ,J. H. McMullin H. H. Carney. ^j J. R. C. Deane. ^ A. Forsythe. Stewart (Portland Unuk River... . Anyo.x Stewart Prince Rupert Burt E. Daifv. J.' H. McMuIlin .' ; ■. (at Prince Rupert) J. H. MoMuUin... John Conway J. H. McMullin . . F. A. McKinnon. Portland Canal M.D Bella Coola Mining Div. . . Frank Broughton. I'ctrie S. Jack. W. Prescoll. Queen Charlotte Min'g D. Sub-ottice Queen Charlotte . .Ti'dwttv E. M. Sandilands. . E. M. Sandilands.. iwY C. Harrison. William Morgan. Omineca Mining Division. Sub-office Hazelton Fort Grahame.... Fort St James Stephen H. HoskinH Jas. E. Kirby John Ross. Alex. C. Murray. Manson Creek W. B. SUclc. ronn«r Citv P. R. Skinner. R. Gale. Terrace ■■■■••■;;■■■■■;;■• C. E. Doolittle. Babino Portage R. J. Camcrou. J. E. Hooson. Parsnip Rivera. . . . Wm. Fo». Pacific Smithers T. H. MeCubbin. Walter Nool. British Columbia, GOLD COMMISSIONERS AND MINING RECORDERS.— Con<.Hiterf. Mining Divnsions. Location of Office. Gold Commissioner. Mining Recorder. Sub-Recorder. Peace River Mining Div.. Fort St John F. W. Beatton .... Thomas A. Mansell. Pouce Coupe .... BarkerviUe Quesnel G. J. Duncan. Cariboo Mining Division. . Sub-office A. P. Halley. T. W. Heme. Henry Taylor. George Milburn. Quesnel Mining Division. . Sub-office 150-Mile House... Quesnel C. W. Grain (at BarkerviUe) Arthur Sampson... Clinton Mining Division . . Lillooet II Clinton Lillooet Caspar Phair E. T. W. Pearse II (at Kamloops) Hugh Hunter Caspar Phair E Fisher Kamloops Mining Division Kamloops H. P.Christie W. N. Rolfe L. A. Dodd Nicola Nicola Sub-Office Hope George Blue. F. M. Gillespie. Similkameen i, Princeton Hedley Hugh Hunter Vernon Mining Division . . Greenwood Mining Div. . . Sub-office Vernon Greenwood Vernon H. F. Wilmot W. R. Dewdney... H. F. Wilmot. Rock Creek H. Nicholson E. F. Ketchum. Grand Forks Min. Div.... Osoyoos Mining Division. . Sub-office Grand Forks Fairview Olalla S. R. Almond J. R. Brown S. R. Almond R. D. Tweedie R. W. Northey. F. M. Gillespie. Hedley Golden Mining Division . . Golden H. C. Rayson F. H. Bacon Ronald Hewat H. S. Clark Fort Steele Mining Div... Sub-office Cranbrook Steele N. S. A. Wallinger. Joseph Walsh. Geo. F. Stalker. Femie Moyie John P. Farrell. Alfred Dryden. Wm. J. Green. W. Simpson. A. N. Vars. Ainsworth Mining Div . . . Kaslo R. J. Stenson .... A. McQueen Trout Lake New Denver Sandon Slocan Trout Lake Nelson R. J. Stenson (at Kaslo) R. J. Stenson!'.!!! John Cartmel Angus Mclnnes . . . Slocan Mining Division... Sub-office W J Parhani. Slocan City Mining Div. . . Trout Lake Mining Div.. Nelson Mining Division . . Sub-office . . . Howard Parker. . . . A. N. Vars S. S. Jarvis Creston . Guy Loewenberg. Geo. S. Coleman. Yniir Sheep Creek James Thompson. G. A. Kennington. John Cartmel (at Nelson) Rubt. Gordon 1, (at Revelstoke) Walter Scott Sub-office H. F. Wilmot. Revelstoke Mining Div... Lardeau Mining Division . Revelstoke Beaton R. S. Squarebriggs. William A. Strutt. Newton R. Brown Mrs. A. H. Strutt. The Mineral Province of Canada. 43 GOLD COMMISSI MINING UECORDERS.-Conelu(ied. Mining Division. location of Otlice. fiold Conimissionor. Mining Recorder. Sub-Recorder. TraU Creek Mining Di v.. . Nansimo Mining Division Sub-office RoBsland Nanaimo I^iadysniilh H. R.Town8end... fieorge Thomson. .. H. RTowneend... George Thomson. . . John Stewart. H. F. Helmsing. iJavid Jones. Rock Bay W H Lines Alberni Mining Division. . (•hiyo.,uot yualaino Victoria Mining Division. . New Westminster Min. D. Alberni ciayo-ioot yuat«ino Victoria J. Kirkup » (at AlVjcrni) Herbert Stanton... F. C. Campbell.... W. T. bawiey .... 0. A. Sherberg.... Herbert Stanton... 1. Wintemute New Westminster. Harrison Uko.... L. A. Agassiz. J. Pelly. A.P. Grant!!!!!!! Vancouver Mining Div... Vancouver John Mahony VICTORIA, B.C.: CuLLiK, rrlnlcr lo llic King's Most Excellent MnJcBiy.