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A UTHOR : 
 
 BOISE, JAMES 
 ROBINSON 
 
 TITLE: 
 
 EXERCISES IN GREEK 
 PROSE COMPOSITION 
 
 PLACE: 
 
 NEW YORK 
 
 DA TE : 
 
 1851 
 
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 Boise, James Robinson, 1815-1895. 
 
 Exercises in Greek prose composition, adapted to the 
 first book of Xenophon's Anabasis. By James R. Boise 
 ... New York, D. Appleton & company, 1851. 
 
 1 p. 1., ivj-vii, t9j-185 p. 19|"-. . 
 
 Another copyt I860. 
 
 Another copy, 1868 • 
 Another copy, 1888 • 
 
 1. Gree k language— CoiYiposition and exercises. 
 
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JlXERCiSES 
 
 n 
 
 GREEK PEOSE COMPOSITION, 
 
 ADAPTED TO THE 
 
 FIRST BOOK OF XENOPIIOxN'S ANABASIS. 
 
 JAMES R. BOISE, 
 
 f » ♦ 
 
 PKOFCSSOR OF OR£EC IN BROAVN UXIVEBSITT. 
 
 KEW YORK: 
 !>• APPLETON AND COMPANY, 
 
 1, 8, AND 5 BOND STREET. 
 1888. 
 
 /I 
 
PREFACE. 
 
 KBtered according to Act of CongreaB, in the jear 1849, bf 
 
 D. APPLETON A COMPANY, 
 
 bi the Clerk's Office of the District Court for the Soathern District ol 
 
 New-York. 
 
 \ 
 
 The following Exercises were prepared simply as 
 ui accompaniment to the First Book of the Anabasis. 
 They consist of easy sentences, similar to those in the 
 Anabasis, involving the same words and construc- 
 ions, and are designed by frequent repetition to make 
 the learner famiUar with the language of Xenophon. 
 Accordingly the chapters and sections in both are 
 made to correspond. Thus, §§ 1st, 2d, etc., of chapter 
 1st in the Exercises, require a constant reference to 
 H 1st, 2d, etc., in chapter 1st of the Anabasis. So 
 with the remaining sections. 
 
 In writing these Exercises, it is impossible to study 
 the expressions of Xenophon too carefully, or to imi- 
 tate them too closely ; and the fact that the learner 
 has continually before him a model so faultless, so 
 purely Attic, is conceived to be no small advantage. 
 
 It will be observed, that each section contains a 
 vocabulary and two paragraphs of English sentences. 
 The first paragraph is intended for oral recitation, 
 vid together ^ith the vocabulary should be madq 
 
 390146 
 
?1 
 
 PREFACE. 
 
 familiar, so as to be recited promptly and with little 
 effort. The second paragraph consists of longer and 
 more varied sentences, which are to be written, and 
 which may also, in reviews especially, be expressed 
 viva voce. As the chief thing in learning any lan- 
 guage is to become familiar with its words and idioms, 
 the question may fairly be raised, whether it would not 
 be better for the beginner in Greek, to occupy some- 
 what less of his time in committing to memory ab- 
 struse rules, which he comprehends but imperfectly, and 
 a grammatical nomenclature, which surely will give 
 him a very imperfect idea of the harmony of the Gre- 
 cian tongue ; and instead of this, to occupy a greater 
 proportion of his time m storing the mind with those 
 words and phrases, which in endless combinations are 
 an essential part of the language which he is aiming 
 to acquire. Would not this process be more analogous 
 to that which nature points out to us ? 
 
 It is supposed that the majority of those who use 
 these Exercises, will also have in their possession Dr. 
 Owen's edition of the Anabasis, which contains nu- 
 merous grammatical references and full explanatory 
 note^. For this reason, many annotations have been 
 omitted in the margin of this work which might other 
 wise have found a place. 
 
 The Greek text which has been selected is that 
 of Kruger. This is added to the Exercises, so that the 
 book may be used even by those who are not reading 
 
 PREFACE. 
 
 vb 
 
 llie Anabasis, and who may chance not to have a 
 copy. Should any discrepancies between this text and 
 the words employed in the vocabularies be discovered, 
 they may be explained by the fact that the Editor him- 
 self made use of the text of Dr, Owen's edition in the 
 preparation of the work. 
 
 The explanatory notes are desultory and various. 
 The plan of the work forbade any attempt to develop 
 a regular and methodical syntax, provided there were 
 need of such a treatise. But the excellent grammars 
 of Kuhner, Sophocles and Crosby rendered such an 
 attempt unnecessary. 
 
 For the convenience of the learner, an English- 
 Greek vocabulary, a catalogue of the irregular verbs, 
 and an index to the principal grammatical notes have 
 been appended to the Exercises. 
 
 Bnwn Univernif, Sept. 1849. 
 
it 
 
 \\\\ 
 
 EXERCISES 
 
 m 
 
 GREEK TROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 CHAPTER FIRST. 
 
 5 1. Soiii ^tufi o. Youngy vioq. Elder y nfftafivitQO^. in 
 pryae the usual positive is nQtafivitjg. Terminationy itUvri. 
 Lifcy the period of life, fiiag. Life opposed to deathy ^onj. 
 Bothf a/i<p6iiQ(u, I havey there is horn to me, yi/vtiai fiov. 
 T am sick, aa&tpfi. I apprehend, sitspecty vnonuvtK I wish, 
 fiovloftai. I am present, nagufu. (The learner is supposed 
 to be familiar with the numerals and pronouns.) When =^ 
 after, ixtf ; when as a correlative of then, or«. 
 
 He is sick. They are sick. We are sick. You (sing.) 
 are sick. You (plur.) are sick. The son of Darius is sick. 
 The sons of Darius are sick. I wish to be present. He wishes 
 to be present. I wish you to be present. He wishes me to 
 be present. They wish us to be present. 
 
 Darius has three sons. Cyrus had t^o sons. He (ow- 
 foC) has five sons. They (airwr) have one son. Darius is 
 sick. The two sons of Darius are sick. The younger son 
 of Darius was sick and was apprehending a termination of 
 bis life. I wish my two sons both to be present He wishes 
 
10 
 
 EXERCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITIOH. 
 
 EXERCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 11 
 
 his three sons to be present. When he apprehended a tei 
 mination of his life, he wished his elder son to be present. 
 
 § 2. Sovereignty, government, agxi General, ar^an^/oft 
 P/oiw, mdloy. Friend, (fUog. Ileavy^armed man, onllttfl 
 Commander, uq^w. To happen, tvyzarttp. I send for, fina. 
 mifinofiai, I make, appoint, noiw. I go up, avaflulru. I take, 
 loMfiara, I have, i/u. (Observe the difference both in 
 meaning and construction between this word and /iyvofkm^ 
 sup.) And, also, *al. And, but, di 
 
 He sent for me. They sent for me. I sent for you. 
 You sent for me. You (plur.) sent for. us. We sent for 
 you. The general sent for you. He sent for the general. 
 He sent for the commander. We sent for the commander, 
 and the heavy. armed men. 
 
 He happens to be present. They happened to be pre- 
 8ent.(>) He sent for Cyrus. I shall send for my two sons 
 from the sovereignties of which I made them satraps. And 
 I also appointed him general of all who used to assemble («) 
 in the plainof Castolus. The five sons go up taking (») Tis- 
 saphemes upon the supposition of his being («) a friend. 
 They irent up having four hundred heavy-armed men. I 
 will go up having seven hundred heavy-armed men, and 
 Xenias their commander. 
 
 § 3. Brother, adil(p6g. Kingdom, jiaaiUla. Mother, 
 
 fn- 
 
 t») Observe here that the participle agrees in namber, &c., with the 
 ■object of 'he verb. 
 
 («) The learner will recollect that the imperfect tense expresses 
 eontinued or customary action in past time ; and may often be translated 
 •Md to, was wont, etc. The aorist denotes an action absolutelf; i. e.' 
 without regard to its continuance or completion. 
 
 (•) See note (>). 
 
 C*"^ fix, m; as if, denotes s ipposition, and may be rendered as abotv. 
 
 njf. Before, to, nffog with ace. Both, as a correlative of 
 and, IS. Again, back, ndltv. To, over, ial with ace. / cal- 
 umniate, diafidlX^, I plot against, ijiifiovXivai. To decease, 
 ifXfvifv, I apprehend, seize upon, avXlafi^uvot, I slay, put 
 to death, anoxuirw. I settle, establish, tfx&iarrifAt, (Intrans. 
 in the perf., pluperf., and 2d aor. tenses of the act. voice.) 
 Ill, into, tig with ace. used after a verb expressing or imply • 
 ing motion. I persuade, nii&ta, I send away, ajtonifiJioi. I 
 rescue by entreaty, i^anw, 
 
 N. B. It must be borne continually in mind, tnat the 
 personal pronouns are implied by the endings of the vert) ; 
 and consequently that they are not to be expressed unless 
 they are emphatic. 
 
 He sent me away. He sent for me. They apprehended 
 the son of Darius. They apprehended a termination of life. 
 He slew the general. The general deceased. The com^ 
 mander persuaded the heavy-armed men. The son of the 
 commander was persuaded. He wished to be present. He 
 happened to be present (particip.) 
 
 He was calunmiating Cyrus. They are plotting against 
 him. I shall calumniate Cyrus before his brother. They 
 calumniated Cyrus before his brother, on the ground that (•) 
 he was plotting against him. And after (•) Darius deceas- 
 ed,(') Artaxerxes apprehended (•) Cyrus as if to put him to 
 death. After I was settled in the kingdom, he plotted against 
 
 (*) On the ground that, its. CC. note (4) ; and aIso» U dvoKT$»<M 
 below. 
 
 (*) *Eite} is often rendered when, bat in the sense of after, postqaam. 
 *Orr means when, while, qunm. 
 
 (^) •ErcXririjffc, a euphemism for dvidawev. 
 
 (*) We are not by any means to infer that wWaftPiveiv and vtnxreiti 
 in ^ 1, are synonymous, because they may be translated by the same 
 Fjiglish word. It will be perceived that the English woid, tqtprehend, 
 •nay be used in very different connections. 
 
19 
 
 IXSRCISBS IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITIOR. 
 
 I! 
 
 me. I calumniated the general "before Cyrus; and he/) 
 was both persuaded and seized the general. His moiher will 
 send him away again to his goveinment. His mother res- 
 cued him by her entreaties (lit. begged him off). After 1 
 was persuaded, I seized the commander of the heavy ^armed 
 men, as if to put him to death. 
 
 § 4. AfierwardSf yet, in, Thaty in order thaiy ont»s. 
 Never, ^^'ttoti. In the power of, im c. dat. / take counsel, 
 SovXivofiai, I am, tlfil. I am able, dvvafiut. Instead of 
 wxl, I am king, Paadtvat, I love, yiiw. More, rather, 
 ualXov. Than, f}. 
 
 We deliberated. They deliberated. He plotted against 
 us, I apprehended him. I am king instead of you. 1 love 
 him more than you. We love you more than him. He 
 loved us more than the general. 
 
 They are taking counsel that they may never afterwards 
 be in the power of the general. He is in the power of his 
 brother. He is taking counsel that, if possible, (if he may be 
 able,) he may be king instead of his brother. They were 
 present with Cyrus because they loved him (lit. loving ('•) 
 him). They loved the younger more than the elder brother. 
 I am in your power. 
 
 § 5. All, nartiq. Whoever, ovrif. From, na^a c. gen. 
 So as^ &aji, I am friendly, tvvoix&g &w. Competent, suffix 
 dent, able, Uixvog, To, nqhq c. ace. : also the dative without 
 a preposition. It must be left to observation to decide which 
 construction is to be employed after any particular verb. 
 
 (•) This use of h ii (Latin is aatem) should be carefally noticed 
 The phrase occors only at the beginning of a sentence, and in a narra< 
 tk>n. The article is here demonstratiTe. Cf *0 it § 4. 
 
 (••) The participle in Greek as in Latin denotes " the time, the ca 
 Ak concomitant of an action, or the condition on which it depends." 
 
 EXERCISES IN GREEK PROSE C:>MPOSITION. 
 
 la 
 
 With, by the side of naga <5. dat. TJiat, so tliat, ^. I come, 
 arrive, a<fixvovfiai, I manage, dispose, diaxidrnn. I carry on 
 war, noXffiw, I pay attention to, imfitXovfiau 
 
 He is able to carry on war. They are able to carry on 
 war. We are able to carry on war. We are friendly to 
 you. We all are friendly to you. They are friendly to 
 you. They all are friendly to you. You all are friendly to 
 us. He is friendly to them. They all are friendly to the 
 king. They are both friendly to the king and are able to 
 carry on war. 
 
 Whoever of those from his ('*) brother comes to him, he 
 sends them all away. I am managing them so as to be 
 friends to me rather than to my brother. He is friendly to 
 me. I am friendly to you. The barbarians with him were 
 both competent to carry on war and were friendly to him. 
 He paid attention to those from the king, whoever came to 
 him. And he also pays attention to those with himself that 
 they may(") be friendly to him. He sent for his younger 
 son. He sends away his elder son. I paid attention to the 
 general that he might be friendly to me. I paid attention to 
 the general upon the supposition that he was (participle) 
 friendly to me. 
 
 § 6. Forces, power, dvvafng. As much as, the most, m$ 
 itaXtaia. Unprepared, anagaaxivoi : most unprepared, oit 
 inagatntivotaiog. A levy, avXXo/ri, Thus, as follows, ktdt. 
 
 (") The pronouns, my, you, his, her, their, etc., are not to be transla- 
 ted unless they are somewhat emphatic, as in contrasts, etc. The Greek 
 would generally use the arttcle where we should use the pronoun. Thus 
 tbore, ii fttirnf^ his moiher; irpds rdv die\(p6v, to his brother; rw »««», hit 
 fiM soim; et passim. 
 
 (W) Recollect that the subjunctive follows in a dependent clause the 
 Vading tenses (i. e. the present, future and perfect) of the indicative ; aff 
 die optative does the historic tenses. 
 
ill |i 
 
 IP 
 
 14 
 
 £Z£BCIS£S IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION 
 
 EXERCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 16 
 
 Manj,, noXioi, Brave, goody iyaa6g. City, n6li^. Several 
 each, ^Maaioi, Anciently, jh J(,^a7oy. By, from, U c. gen, 
 ColUct, assemble, a&^foi^fa, I conceal, imx^vTtju, Wherefore, 
 otr,^(postpos.) / give oraers, naQayyiXloi. To belong, to be 
 of ihai c. gen. / present, give, J/Joi^i. / make to revolt, 
 «V«rTi?^». See note on xaaiaififn, § 3. Observe also that the 
 peif. and pluperf. of this verb are in meaning, pres. and im- 
 perf. At that time, tot*. 
 
 It belongs to me. They belong to me. They belong to 
 him. It belongs to you. The city belongs to you. The 
 cities belong to you. All the cities belong to you. The 
 several cities belong to him. The city belongs to them. 
 The city belonged to me. At that time all the cities belong- 
 ed to me. Wherefore the city belongs to the king. The 
 city anciently belonged to the king. 
 
 After he collected the Grecian forces, (•») he concealed 
 them as much as he could. He conceals as much as he can 
 all the forces which assemble on the plain of Castolus. He 
 took his brother as unprepared as possible. He is making a 
 levy as follows. Wherefore the levy was made as follows. 
 He made the levy so as (»«) to take the king as unprepared as 
 possible. I shall assemble as many and as brave men as 
 possible. 1 shall give orders to the several ( •») cities to take as 
 many men as possible, upon the pretence that(»«) Cyrus is plot. 
 
 (") Lit. force. To denote the same idra in English, we should mor« 
 naturally use the plural force: 
 
 ('<) & a*, see § 5. 
 
 ('•) Several i the force of l..ar.f may be expreoed thus: c. g. ror 
 ^«^»«X».( i,fl,rrocf. to the several captain*, or to each of the captain: 
 
 (»•) Jk imffovXeiopToi and ix iwt0ov\,ioi above ^ 3. differ in meaning 
 M follows. The clause in § 3. denotes the charge whith TiflMphemet 
 •dually brought against Cyrus in so many words, that he v>a» plotting 
 •gainst the king; the chiuse in ^ 6 denotes a pretence, not necessarily 
 u actual declaration, j»re/«irfiji^ that Tissapherne* wat plotting, etc. 
 
 dng against me. Ten cities belong (*^) to Tissaphtmes. The 
 seven cities belonging to Tissaphemes, anciently presented 
 by the king, have revolted ('•) to Cyrus. All the cities, 
 which (*•) at that time revolted to the king, were anciently 
 friendly to Cyrus. I am a friend to you. I am friendly to you. 
 
 ! 
 ^ 7. In J ip c. dat. This, these, oviog^ ovioi. The samCf 
 
 aviog. Some — others, oi fiiv — ol di. The fugitive, o (pBvyoier. 
 Land, yti, by land, xaia yrff. Sea, aukana^ by sea, x«t« 
 aalatiav. The exile, 6 ixmnioixoK;. Prelect, nqoifaaiq. An- 
 other, aklog. Again, av I perceive, am informed, aia&uvofiai. 
 
 1 perceive beforehand, nQoaia&avofiai. I banish, expel, ixflal' 
 X(a, To take under (one's protection) vnoXa/ifiarur, I besiege, 
 noXtogxti. I endeavor, try, neigCifiat. I restore, xaxaym, 1 
 levy, vvXXiyot, 
 
 I restored the exiles. He restored the exiles. I endeav- 
 ored to restore the exiles. He tried to restore the exiles. He 
 was trying to restore the exiles. They were trying to restore 
 the exiles. He was besieging the city. He besieged the 
 city. He was besieging the city by land and by sea. They 
 besieged the city both by land and by sea. H« was restoring 
 the fugitives. He restored the fugitives. They restored all 
 of the exiles. Wherefore I restored the exiles. 
 
 After I perceived that some (*•) persons in Miletus "were 
 
 ('^) With the meaning of ctyui in this section, compare that of /tyycv- 
 9at ^ 1 , supra. What is the difference ? 
 
 (••) The learner will recollect the peculiarities of tense and significa- 
 tion in the perf and pluperf of this verb. 
 
 (*•) Which is commonly translated by Saot, Scat, etc., after, all. See 
 
 ^ 3,iravr&iv S<rot. 
 
 (**) As rovf is not expressed before ffovXewtittvovi, the subject of thif 
 participle is entirely indefinite, and in translating we may say, some per* 
 sons, etc., not implying that they were the greater part. Had roii been 
 expressed we should translate it, the men in Miletus were plotting ete., 
 L e. the majority, the body of the men. 
 
i6 
 
 EXERCISES IM GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 plotting these same things — to revolt to Cyrus — I gave orucra 
 to slay some of them and to banish others. Cyrus took the 
 fugitives(* •) under his protection. Having taken Darius as a 
 friend, and having apprehended those ^^ ho wished ("•) to revolt, 
 he took the fugitives under his protection. Having besieged 
 the city by land and by sea, I endeavored to restore the ex- 
 iles. ('•) And this again was another pretext to the king for 
 levying and assembling an army. 1 perceived beforehand 
 that he was plotting (**) these things. I perceived that he wished 
 his two sons to be present. I perceived that he was levying 
 an army. 
 
 § 8. Notj ov i before a vowel with a smooth breathing, ov» : 
 before a vowel with a rough breathing, ov/. When it is the 
 last word in its clause, it is oxytone. To plot, fiovhma&ai. 
 Wherefore, waif followed by the indie. This word denotes a 
 consequence, a result : ovy, an inference. Against, ngog c. 
 ace. Impost, daaftog, I demand (on the ground that it is 
 worthy, proper), ahu. Plot, iJn/Sovlri. I suppose, vofn';ut. 
 Army, atf^uuvfia, I am displeased, uz^ofiat, I forward, 
 send away, anonifinu. To accrue, to become, yiynv^ai. To 
 expend one's resources upon (lit. about), danav^v a/tift c. ace. 
 
 He was plotting these things. You were plotting these 
 things. You all were plotting these things. He plotted 
 these things. They plotted the same things. They all 
 plotted these same things. They were plotting against me. 
 
 (•*) Lit. thote who were fleeing. 
 
 (*•) The participles of 3av\oiiai and ^ooXnJo/iui mast not be confounded. 
 
 (*') Tovi iKvevTUKSraf, lit. thote who had been banished. 
 
 (••) Observe that the participle is here used in Greek ; ahhough we 
 translate it by the indicative mood. Many verbs that signify emotion; 
 perception by the tenses, knowledge, recollection, cessation or continu- 
 ance, &c.,take the participle where we should use the infinitive meod,th* 
 participial substantive, or, that, Slc. 
 
 EXERCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 17 
 
 He was plotting against you. They plotted against him 
 They each plotted against you. They did not plot these 
 things. They did not plot against us. 
 
 I shall demand, because I am(**) his brother, that the king 
 give me these cities. Wherefore («*) the king did not perceive 
 Uiat Cyrus was plotting these things. His mother so disposed 
 Ihe king as not (fi^) to perceive the plot agamst himself. I 
 supposed that my brother, by carrying on war, was-ex- 
 pending-his-resources on his army: wherefore, I was dis- 
 pleased with his carrying on war. (") I shall forward the im- 
 posts accruing to the king from the government which Cyrus 
 happens to have. 
 
 § 9. Beyond, Iniq c. ace. An exile, <fvydg. Thracian, 
 6>^^S, -MOi. Abydus, "jifivdoq. Miletus, Mlltirog. Treasures, 
 money, xQWaxa. Voluntary, of one's oum accord, ixoty. Even, 
 uaL Thus, (as above mentioned) ol'rw ; before a vowel, 
 ovitag. Secretly, expressed by Xav&dito, e. g., / nourish se- 
 cretly, Xap&dva igi(fO)v. They nourished secretly, lladov iQiq>- 
 ortig. Opposite, KaTovunigag. At, iv c. dat. For, tig c. ace. 
 Support, TQtHpri. I confer with, avyylyvofiai, I admire, aya- 
 uau To make one's head-quarters at, oQfiaa&at ix c. gen. 
 I live, dwell, oi'xw. With, lit. from, ano (denoting the means). 
 / benejii, assist, wpiXoi. I contribute, avpfiaXXa, I support, 
 nourish, tgiifu. Soldier, cigaxnaxrig. Manner, rgoTtog. 
 
 I admire him. I admired him. They admired you. 
 We all admired you. He is supported secretly. He was 
 supported secretly. They were all supported secretly. The 
 trmy was supported secretly. They supported the army 
 
 r») Sec note (•"). 
 
 (••) ucrt is here followed by the indicative, and denotes a fact, an 
 actual event : in § 5, it is followed by the infinitive and denotes a thiii| 
 tnppoaed or conceived : so as to he friends to himself, etc. 
 
 («») Sec note (««). 
 
r 
 
 18 
 
 EXERCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 iCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 lA 
 
 secretly. lie supported the army secretly. We supporteo 
 the soldiers secretly. He made his head-quarters at Cher. 
 Bonesus. They made their head-quarters at Chersoneus. 
 
 And another army was collecting for the king, in the fol. 
 lowing manner. And Cyrus was collecting for himself an 
 nrmy in the Chersonesus which (••) is beyond the Hellespont. 
 The commander, having conferred with the Lacedamonian 
 exile, both admired him and gave him a hundred darics. 
 And he,(«») having taken them, carried on war against the 
 king of the Thracians. He makes his head-quarters at 
 Chersonesus. I am carrying on war with the Thracians 
 who live beyond Abydus. I live at Miletus. With these 
 treasures, he carried on war against the cities beyond the 
 Hellespont, in the following manner. He benefited the cities 
 of the Hellespont ; wherefore,(") they even contributed mo- 
 ney for him of their own accord. And(»») thus an army was 
 8ecretly(«) supported for Cyrus. And Cyrus secretly sup- 
 ported an army as follows. He is living at Abydus opposite 
 the Hellespont. The Ionian cities were friendly(") to Cy- 
 rus, and secretly contributed money for the support of his 
 soldiers. 
 
 § 10. Relaied by the ties of hospitality, a guest, host, for. 
 eign friend, Urog. One of an opposite party or faction, orw. 
 aroaiwTjjff. At home, ooro*. Foreign soldier, mercenary, Irro^. 
 To the number of, ilg c. ace. Pay, fiiaa6^. Until, before, 
 
 («) Which is; the student will perceire that it ii the article which 
 we translate by this phrase. 
 (») See note (»). 
 (*) Cf. note («). 
 
 (») Observe that il is not Uke the English word, mni, to be fU€t4 
 Int in the claase. 
 
 (■; Cf. iTVYX^'t* 'x*"* 5 8» •nd ira^wr triyx*"* ^ t. 
 
 (■) See { 5 for this expression. 
 
 m^h. I oppress, nti^ta, I go, sj^/o/uat. I demand, aJiw. A 
 •nonlh, fit^p* I am superior to, I conquer, ntqiyiyvopm. I en' 
 treat, diofiai. To make peace with, to become reconciled to, 
 uataivHv TtQog c. ace. I advise with, avftflovXivofAat c. dat. 
 
 He plotted these same things. He plotted against us. 
 He advised with us. He conferred with us. He happened 
 to have a thousand mercenaries. He happened to be a mer- 
 cenary soldier. He supported an army secretly. An army 
 was supported for him secretly. He demands pay. He 
 entreats me to be reconciled with the king. He demands 
 that mercenaries be given to him. 
 
 The king happens to be related to me by the ties of hos- 
 pitality .(••) He happened to have Aristippus as a guest. 
 He is oppressed by those at home of an opposite faction. 1 
 live at home. Those at home of an opposite faction, being 
 oppressed, went to Cyrus and demanded of him mercenaries 
 to the number of a thousand. They demand pay for ten 
 months, on the plea that (as if) they will thus become supe- 
 rior to those of an opposite faction. I entreat you not to make 
 peace with the king until I advise with you. He demanded 
 of the Lacedaemonians, mercenaries to the number of ten 
 thousand, on the plea that he would thus bscome superior to 
 his brother. And thus again he was supporting {•■) an army 
 secretly. And thus agam he supported the anny in Thes- 
 saly secretly. And thus (••) another army was ?*^retly col- 
 lected and supported for him. 
 
 (**) ^i^of like the Latin hotpe» means either guest or Aom, fluted 
 fty the ties of hotpitalitf. 
 
 (*') Why does Xenophon use the imperfect IMySavtv, rather than tb* 
 aofMiT 
 
 (*) It will be perceived that otru refen to what precedes ; and iit 
 f 6, to what follows. This distinction is general ; so also, ravra and rait 
 are distingnished in Uke manner. 
 
10 
 
 ill 
 
 liii 
 
 m 
 
 EXERCISES m GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 § 11. The very most, as many as possible, ou nluaio^ 
 The word meaning men, is often omitted in Greek where the 
 English word would be ei^pressed. Country, z^a, Ionian, 
 I^i^o,. Milesian, Md^aioi, To ame to <me^s assistance, 
 na^ayiyyia&a,. To make an expedition against, argauvia^a, 
 Uf. I exhort, urge, bid, uiliv^, / infest, give trouble to, 
 nqnytiaia nagixio, c. dat. With, in company with, aw. 
 
 They infest the country. We give him trouble. We 
 were giving him trouble. They were giving us trouble 
 They gave us trouble. They infested the king's country. 
 We were giving them trouble. We are not infesting the 
 country. They are making an expedition against the 
 king's country. They made an expedition against the city. 
 They were making an expediUon against the cities. I urged 
 him to make an expedition against the city. They urged 
 him to make an expedition against the country. 
 
 And Proxenus having taken as many men as possible, 
 came to his assistance. He demanded of Cyrus four thou-' 
 sand men, on the plea that (as if) he wished to make an ex- 
 pedition against the Greeks who dwell beyond the Hellespont. 
 He exhorted (»^) Proxenus to make an expedition against the 
 exile8(»«) of the Milesians, pretending that (as if) they were 
 infesUng his own codntry. The Pisidians were infesting the 
 country of the kmg. He gave trouble to the king. They 
 gave me trouble. He urged Socrates the Achcan, having 
 taken as many men as possible, to come,(»») pretending that 
 
 (W) «X*«a,, like the Latin juheo, is le« anthoritative than ftr.ra'rro.. 
 mpero, and may often be rendered / exhort, I urge. 
 
 (*) Of 0»y«J«, the refugee,, the exilee ; «I ^iyo^,,, thoee who are 
 neexng, the fugitives ; especially, from their country ; hence, the exiUe • 
 •I Uwtrra,K6r,(. lit. those who have fallen out, sc from their country • 
 hence, the exiles. ' * 
 
 (») iXeup, simply to come; wapayt^Mat, to come, oj to ho, ia the oiit 
 4f, often implying, /or succor, for help. 
 
 ^JTEKCISKS IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 Ul 
 
 he was going-to- wage-war (*") against his eldest brothel 
 together with the Thracians who live opposite Abydus. 
 Making his head-quarters at Miletus, he infested the cities of 
 Tissaphemes which had anciently been presented by the 
 king. He demanded of Cyrus two thousand heavy-armed 
 men, on the plea that he would thus conquer the Ionian ci- 
 ties. He demanded a thousand soldiers (*') on the plea that 
 he wished to make an expedition against the Greeks. He 
 wished to make an expedition, pretending that the Greeks 
 were infesting his country. He was expending his resources 
 upon his armies while-carrying-on-war against his young- 
 est brother. 
 
 (<0) As wc have in English no fiit. particip., we translate it by various 
 circumlocutions, going to, about to, etc., and often simply by to, e. g. 
 iii kxoKTwiiv, as if to put him to death, § 3. sup. 
 
 («>) #r»art«rai IS the generic word for ooldiers: iTXrrai ^ivai,Kto., tzt 
 
ilil 
 
 iBIt 
 
 ■ 
 
 II ij 
 
 KXERCISES N GREEK TRQSS COMFOBITION. 
 
 u 
 
 CHAPTER SECOND. 
 
 51. Already, ?J,^. Upward, avuu Wholly, nayiinuoiw 
 From, out of, in. Pretence, n^6<faaig. In that place, there, 
 hnavda. Citadel, aMg6jxok.?, The mercenary army, ro |*r«oV 
 Garrison, <fvXnni It seems good, doxn. To go, to march, 
 noifivtaaai. I make (for myself ) noioifiui. To march against, 
 argarivia&m il; I am reconciled with, nvvaXliTiopm nqog c. 
 ace. To come, i]xHv. I govern, command, nQoiair,xa.{-) 1 
 guard, ifvXuTim, I have, Xnu poi, ^«. 
 
 He commands the mercenary army. He commanded the 
 mercenary army. They commanded the army in that place 
 (ht. the in that place army.) He commands the army in 
 that place. I command the army. I commanded the army. 
 I sent orders to the commander of the army. 1 ordered 
 (xeXno, J order) the commander of the army to come. He 
 came with (particip.) the army which he had. He came for 
 assistance with the army which he had. 
 
 And it already (») seemed good to Cyrus to go upward. 
 I wished to expel the barbarian army wholly from the country. 
 He made the pretence that he wished (•) to march against the 
 Pisidians. And this was another pretence to him for expel. 
 
 (r) "^f^^i^ order ; 'apaYjiXXro, I give order*, enp. asa military tcmi. 
 ff«lffr,«a, / ttand at the head of, i. e / command or gowrm 
 (') Cf ch. 1,(31.) 
 (•) Lit. at if wishing. 
 
 EXERCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 aa 
 
 '.ng the Pisidians from the country. He made the pretence 
 that he was marching against the Pisidians. Aristippus 
 having been reconciled with the men at home, sent away to 
 Cyrus the army which was in that place. (^) He ordered 
 Clearchus to come with(^) the army which he had. (•) I ex- 
 pelled the barbarian army wholly from the country, having 
 been reconciled with those at home. I sent orders to Xenias^ 
 who governed for me the Thracians beyond the Hellespont to 
 come with ten thousand mercenaries. The men were suffi- 
 cient to guard the citadels. Having taken the men except a 
 sufficient number to guard the citadels, he expelled the Thra- 
 cians wholly from the country. He commanded the mercen- 
 ary army in that place. (•) He was reconciled with the 
 garrisons in the cities. He-sent-away the exiles of the Mi- 
 lesians to Cyrus. He-sent- for the imposts accruing to the 
 king from the cities beyond the Hellespont. He lives beyond 
 the Hellespont. ' 
 
 § 2. Aha, *al. Well, xaXag, Readily, gladly, tiditag. 
 For, /oQ (postpos.). / call, xaXu. I promise, vnitrxrovfiai, 
 1 leave of, cease, navofiui. Home, homeward, to one*s home, 
 olkadc. (Used after verbs of motion: 01x01, after verbs of 
 rest.) I succeed, xaTanQanot, I obey, TtH&o/iai. I place 
 confidence in, marivu. 
 
 He succeeded well. They succeeded well. We all 
 succeeded well. You did not succeed well. He called me. 
 I ca.led him. And I called him alsa And we called him 
 
 (•) Lit. the in that place army. Adverbs and clauses are often used 
 adjeciively by being placed between the article and noun. Thus below, 
 tuv i» raif w6Xe<n (cvikov. 
 
 (♦) Tbe participles, Xaffwv, f x""* 'P^^^* » '^ » ■'"^ °^" translated with, 
 (*) Seow iiw airw and S ttx"' >i^ nearly the same idea : Strov, all wkiek 
 seems a little more emphatic than S, vhat. 
 
 (•) Cf (3) sup. .■ 
 

 
 34 
 
 EXERCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 , ; t 
 
 ^11 =! 
 
 b i 
 
 III 
 
 1 
 
 mlso. And we called them also. He is besieging the oily 
 He is not besieging the city. They will call (Attic fut.) 
 us. We will call them. He will call me. He promised to 
 call me. They promised to call us. We promised to call 
 you. You did not promise to call us. He obeyed us. He 
 did not obey us ; for, he did not place confidence in us. You 
 placed confidence in him and obeyed him. 
 
 And I shall also(^) call those who are besieging Miletus. 
 They exhorted the exile to make an expedition with them. 
 They promised the exile not to leave off before (») they should 
 restore him to his home. He succeeded well. They prom- 
 ised him, if they should succeed (•) well, that they would 
 give to him ten thousand darics. He succeeded well in the 
 object of his expedition. ('•) I shall readily obey you ; for, I 
 put confidence (") in you. And he (»«) obeyed unhesitat- 
 ingly. He put confidence in me. He used to put confidence 
 in me. He obeyed readily, and taking the heavy-armed 
 men (»») he came (»«) to Sardis. 
 
 C) Si is the word which we translate and; gal the word which 
 we translate also : the former being a general connective word ; the lat- 
 ter more special ; connecting words or clauses which are of similar im- 
 port. Thus, in this sentence, he alw called, etc. this summons was of 
 the same import with the one he had given to Clearchus and Xenias. 
 
 (•) The pleonasm of irpSadei, and wplp we can hardly imitate in Eng- 
 hsh. The thing promised is asserted more emphatically by the expression 
 of both words. 
 
 (•) Recollect that the .^lic form of the optat. is used eh it- fly in the 
 2d and 3d pere. sing, and the 3d pers. p! iral. 
 
 ('•) Lit. against what he was making an expedition. 
 
 (") Observe how clear a distinction Xenophon draws between tjiAi^. 
 
 nd riorrevtt). 
 
 (") Seech. 1. note (^. 
 
 (•^ Lit. the heavy armor. By a similar metonymy, we say, ten sail 
 •f the line, for ten ships, etc. 
 
 (") wap^aau c.s E ip^eis, lit. thsf Were present into Sardis. Soch a con- 
 nection of a verb of rsst with a clause implving motion, Is frequent im 
 
 EXERCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION, 
 
 ^ 3. About, in designations of number, utg. Both — and, 
 MCI — uai Around f afupi. 1 am engaged in military operations, 
 fiQauvofiai. 
 
 He arrived with fifty soldiers. He arrived with about 
 five hundred soldiers. They arrived with soldiers to the 
 Dumber of five thousand. 
 
 They came with heavy-armed men to the number of ( '•) 
 (lAeen hundred and with about five hundred targeteers. Both 
 this man and his elder brother were of those who were en- 
 gaged in military operations around Miletus. You are suc- 
 ceeding well. 
 
 § 4. Preparation, naQaaxtvrj, Greater, fisi^ftiv. To, wj 
 (only before the names of persons). Most quickly, taxana; 
 as fast as he could, p idvvaxo jax^aia. Light-armed man, yvfi- 
 vitijg, I think, rjyovfiai. Against, ijil c. ace. / observe. 
 
 They went as fast as they could. (*) We went as fast as 
 we could. You went as fast as you could. He did not go 
 as fast as he could. They observed these things. They were 
 observing these things. Both this man and Socrates observed 
 these things. (Notice the position and number of tjv in the 
 last section.) 
 
 I think that these (movements) are greater than the pre- 
 paration which is represented to be against the Pisidians. 
 He went to the king in the greatest haste possible. Hav- 
 ing observed these things, he went as rapidly as he could 
 with about a thousand light-armed men. I went as fast as I 
 eould. 
 
 5 5. Equipment, arolog. I prepare in turn, in opposition, 
 
 Greek. As we do not employ the same idiom, we commonly transiatf 
 ti^h an ezpreasion by a verb of motion. 
 
 (**) ti(, lit. up to, (a) Recollect that mpcvoitat is dep. paa^ 
 
30 
 
 EXERCISES IM GREEK PROSE COMPOSITIOM. 
 
 EXERCISES IN GREEK I'llOSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 27 
 
 uvtiTia^aaxivul^ofiai, Throvgh^ dia c. gen. To, as Jar as to, 
 inl c. ace. Riv^rt nojafAog. Breadth^ iiQog, to. A hnndrea 
 feety nXi&Qov, A bridge, ybq>vQa. Boaly nloiov. I hear, heat 
 off axot-o). / have mentionedy iX^jrinti, (A defective verb ; 
 commonly referred to ifrifAi as a present, fut. /^c5.) [hasten, 
 ifffidtfiau March (spoken of the general), iU^uiniv. To be 
 tqjotiy ijinyat. I construct, C^vyvvfAt, 
 
 I have spoken of this river.(»«) He has spoken of this bridge. 
 They have spoken of these boats. He will speak of this boat. 
 Both this man and his brother have spoken of these rivers. 
 They will speak of the river and the bridge. He hastened 
 from the city. He hastened from this city. They hastened 
 through the country. We hastened through this country. 
 
 Having heard from Socrates of the equipment of Sophae- 
 netus, they made preparation in turn. With (the forces) 
 which I have mentioned they hastened from Sardis. He 
 marched through the country of the Thracians, as far as to 
 the Hellespont. When he heard from Sophaenetus of the 
 equipment of the Pisidians, he made an expedition against 
 them. The breadth of this river (»•) was five hundred feet, 
 and there was a bridge upon it. This bridge was construct- 
 ed of ten boats. 
 
 § 6. Frosperousy nduiftuy (tv, welly SulfAtar^ fortune). 
 Large, ftiyag. Day, r^iiiqa. To, into, tig. I cross, go over, 
 dia^duivoi, I remain, fiivot. 
 
 We remained in that place ten days. I remained in that 
 place thirty days. Both this man and the king remained in 
 hat place twenty-five days. They crossed the river. He 
 
 ('•) Recollect that a common nonn with a demonstrative pronoun 
 Ukt9 the article also. The order is, pron., art , noun ; or, art., noan, 
 pronoun. See ch 1,8, for the expression these cities; and 9, thesf> trem- 
 
 crossed this river. We crossed the river Maeander. Ho 
 will cross the river Maeander. (Observe that dia^aivta takes 
 the fut. mid. The fut. act. and the 1st aor. act. are trans.) 
 They will cross this river. 
 
 They crossed this river with a thousand heavy-armed 
 men. This city is prosperous and large. In that place they 
 remained twenty days, plotting against the king. Having 
 crossed the river he will march through Phrygia to a largo 
 and prosperous city. 
 
 ^ 7. Palace, paalXeia, xa. Park, naQudetaog, Full, nXi^grig, 
 Beast y ^TjQioy. Wildy u/^iog. I hunt, ^TjQeixa, On horse- 
 back (lit.yroffi a horse), ano XmioVy acp Xnnov. Horse, Xirnog. 
 Source, nijyrj. Flow, ^ita, fut. ^viqcofAaty aor. ig^vijv. 
 
 The river flowed through the palace. The river will 
 flow through this palace. This river flowed through the 
 city. Three rivers flow through this country. The river 
 flows through this park. Four large rivers flowed through 
 the country. I used to hunt on horseback. I wished to hunt 
 on horseback. 
 
 Cyrus had a palace in that place. He sent away to Cy- 
 rus the army which he had. (*') This park was large and 
 full of wild beasts. In this park, he had wild beasts. In 
 this place, Cyrus had a park full of wild beasts, which he 
 used to hunt on horseback. Wishing to exercise both him- 
 self and his horses, he used to hunt these wild beasts on 
 horseback. Whenever he carried on war against (*) the 
 Thracians, he made his head-quarters in the Chersonesus. 
 This river rises in the palace. ('•) The river Mxander rises 
 
 (IT) « He had," see ch. 2, § 1. We see that there are two cxpres 
 iiaca in Greek for *• I have," ixo and i/iot ionw. ** I had,** ilxo* »na 
 
 (•) What is the common form of the optat. in contract verbi ? 
 fW) Lit. the sources of this river are out of, etc. 
 
EXERCISES IN GREEK' PROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 in the palace of Cyrus. The river Mseander flows through 
 a large park. It rises in this large park. 
 
 § 8. Into, iii. Fortified, i^vfivoi. Wisdom, skill, wwfta. 
 Concerning, w«^i'. Skin, digfta. Cave, uyjQov. On this ac. 
 count, dia TovTo. Empty (of a river), v. i(AfiiiXiat. Overcome^ 
 eynquer, viuu. Contend, igiCta, Flay, ittdilgm. Suspend, 
 hang up, xQffiavvviJu. I say, Xiya. I call, name, xaldi. 
 
 The river rises in(*«) the palace. The river rises in a 
 park. This river rises in the park. The river Maeander 
 rises in this park. These rivers rise in the park. A river 
 rises in the cave. The river rises in this cave. The river 
 empties into the sea. These rivers empty into the sea. A 
 large river empties into this sea. The river was called 
 Mseander. The king is said to have called the river Mse- 
 ander. 
 
 The river Marsyas flows through the city of Celanae, and 
 empties into the Mseander. And there is also in that place 
 a fortified palace. Apollo overcame Marsyas while contend- 
 ing with him concerning skill, and having flayed him, he 
 suspended his skin in a cave. The skin of Marsyas was 
 hung up in the cave, in which the river Marsyas rises. This 
 river takes its rise in a cave. I contended with him(»») con- 
 cerning skill. And on this account the river is said to have 
 been called Marsyis. And on this account he attempted to 
 restore the exiles. 
 
 § ?. Baale, fAazrj. At the same time, Sfia. Review, /5«Ta- 
 9tg. In all, all together, avfinavng. Build, erect, oUodo/iu 
 WithdratP, artoj^atgdi. Am conquered, ^jrwfiai. Bowman^ 
 toloirfi, Targeteer, mlTaarrig. 
 
 He built a palace. He built (see § 5, sup.) a bridge. 
 
 EXERCISES IN 6EBBK PROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 2ft 
 
 He built a bridge of nine boats. The bridge v\ as built of a 
 hundred boats. They built this palace. The king is said 
 to have built this palace. They conquered us. We were 
 conquered in battle (vimA, pass. f/TTw/u«t). We conquered 
 them. We were not conquered. They were all conquered. 
 All together were conquered. 
 
 Xerxes is said to have built this palace, after (a*') he with, 
 drew from Greece. In that place Xerxes built a palace, 
 when he was withdrawing from Greece. After Xerxes was 
 conquered in battle, he built a palace in the city of Celaenae. 
 Xerxes built the citadel of Celaense, while («») withdrawing 
 from Greece. In that place Cyrus remained three days 
 while building a bridge of boats. Clearchus the exile ar- 
 rived with three hundred Cretan bowmen. And at the same 
 time he made a review of the Greeks. The targeteers in 
 all (••) were about a thousand. 
 
 § 10. A contest, aydtv. Market-place, ayoga. Close to, 
 close upon, close by, nghq c. dat. / appoi^, T/^/it.('^») 1 am 
 a spectator, I observe, &%(oq&. 
 
 They appointed a contest. He appointed the contest. 
 We will appoint a contest. We did not appoint a contest. 
 I appointed this contest. We will not be spectators of this 
 contest. He was witnessing the contest. He witnessed the 
 contest. They appointed a contest close by the city. The 
 park is close by this city. 
 
 Xenias having appointed (•') a contest, wished that Cyrus 
 should be a spectator of the contest. The market-place of the 
 Ceramians is close upon the Mysian country. 
 
 (*•; " With him." airC : .-f in the text ia reflexive. 
 
 (») See note (•), ch. 1. 
 (») Sec note ("), ch. 1. 
 («) aiiiiravTes (from oiv and vSi) oU together, 
 
 (») Recollect that the 2d aor. of rfOij/it is used chiefly, except in tb« 
 vdicative sing. 
 
£XERCISES IN GREEK FROSE COMPOS*TI(Wf. 
 
 $ 11. More, nlkor, compar. of nolv. Frequently, Tioliux/j 
 Door, ^v^a, Hope, ilniq. Continually, expressed by the 
 verb diayoi^ signifying / continue. Manifest, plain, dr,lo^. 
 I am troubled, aytu,fiat. In keeping with, like, n^og c. gon. 
 Character, iQSnog. If, d (used before the indie, and optat.) ; 
 iap (used before the subjunctive). / owe, lq>UXta, I go, klfu 
 (often fut. in meaning). I demand of, from, i^nanC,. lex. 
 press^ Xiyoi. 
 
 1 went home. They went home. We went home. 1 
 will go home. We will go into the city. They will go into 
 the city. He will not go into the market-place. He went 
 into the market-place. He went frequently into the market- 
 place. He went continually (lit. he continued going). Pay 
 is due to the soldiers. He assists the soldiers. 
 
 When pay was due to the soldiers for more than four 
 months, they went frequently to the doors of the general, and 
 demanded it. I went home frequently. The general ex- 
 pressed hopes. His brother continually expresses hopes. 
 They were manifestly troubled.(W) It was not in keeping 
 with the character of Cyrus to plot against his friends. It 
 was in keeping with the character of Cyrus to give to the 
 ioldiers the pay (which was) due, if he had it.(««) 
 
 § 12. A guard, (pvlal (This word denotes a single per- 
 son. ipvXaxii is collective.) About, around, tuqI c. ace. 
 Wife, yin^. Into the presence o/* (after verbs of motion), naga 
 c. ace. At that time, to't«. Cilician woman, KllKraa. Much, 
 ffolvg. Many treasures, much money, X9VM"^a 7»oAl«. 
 
 The guards arrived. The garrison arrived. He arrived 
 
 EXERCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 81 
 
 («) Lit they were manifeti being troubled. This form ofexprnnoQ 
 li frequent in Greek. It is commonly translated, they were manifestly, 
 •tc. or, it was manifest that they were, etc. 
 
 <*) See note (W), ch. 1. 
 
 tt tliat time. In that place, they arrived. They all arrived 
 They arrived all together. We arrived in the presence oi 
 Cyrus. His body-guard arrived. Her body-guard arrived. 
 Epyaxa the wife of Syennesis had CiUcians as guards 
 about herself, when she arrived in the presence of Cyrus. 
 And at that time the wife of Syennesis arrived. In tiiat 
 place the Cilician woman arrived witii fifteen hundred horse, 
 men as a body-guard. Sophaenetus was in(") the market- 
 place of the Ceramians, (which was) close by the Mysian 
 country, when he gave to the garrison («•) four momhs pay. 
 I have much money at home. 
 
 § 13. By, along by, na^a c. ace. I catch (by hunting), 
 ^pivai. Way, road, route, hd6g. Wine, olrof. Fountain, 
 tto^vfi' I mingle, ufgavvifn. At, iJil c. dat. 
 
 He mingled wine with the fountain. (Observe the idiom 
 in Xen.) They mingled wine with the fountain. I will 
 mingle wine with the fountain. They will mingle wine witii 
 this fountain. He is mingling wine with the fountain. They 
 are not mingling this wine with the fountain. 
 
 He dwelt by the way-side. In that place he is said to 
 have caught tiie Satyr by («•) mingling wine with a fountam 
 called the fountain of Midas. At that fountain (•») Midas 
 caught the Satyr. 
 
 ^ U, Gr-',k,''LXlrty, Barbarian, fiaQ^a^og, 1 ask, entreat, 
 
 diofiat, , J 1 • 
 
 I entreat you to exhibit the army to me. 1 asked him to 
 exhibit the army to me. They asked us to exhibit tiie army 
 
 («T) Rest in li^ dyof»5, in foro ; motion into, els dyopif, in forrnn. 
 (») ^uX«.i. from 'fvU^, « gt^^rd; ^t,Xa.<., ch. 1, 6. from 0.A«^*». « 
 gwrison, a company of men who act as a guard. 
 (•) See note (»«), ch. 1. 
 r*») See note ('•). ch. 2. 
 
B2 
 
 EXERCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 to them. We entreat jou to exhibit the army to us. 1 wish 
 10 exhibit the army to you. I am not willing to exhibit the 
 army to you. He demands pay of me. The soldiers demand 
 pay of the general. The army demanded pay of us. He 
 demanded (on the ground that it was fit) that the cities bi. 
 given to him. 
 
 Cyrus reviewed his army in the plain. When the Cili- 
 cian woman asked Cyrus to exhibit to her his army, ho re- 
 viewed both the Greeks and the barbarians. Having re- 
 mained in that place ten days, Cyrus wished to exhibit hii 
 army to the wife of Syennesis. 
 
 $ 15. I arrange, draw up, laaaui and ^i^raVacM. So^ 
 as, oha» or ohu>,-d^. Order, ^6f.o,. Wing (of an army, 
 hi. harn), xigag. Left, tt'u,»^vfiog, I occupy, txi^. Three deep 
 four deep, etc., inl igi&v, inl leiroVtov, etc. The rest of, 
 o aXXog, o\ HlXot. Each, rxaaiog. Right, d(ii6g. 
 
 The rest of the army was drawn up eight deep. The 
 rest of the soldiers were drawn up six deep. The rest of 
 the Greeks stood twelve deep. The rest of the generals 
 occupied the right wing. The commander arranged the rest 
 of the soldiers. We occupied the rest of the city. 
 
 The Greeks were drawn up and stood as their order was 
 for battle. Clearchus and his men, being drawn up three 
 deep, occupied the left wing. The rest of the generals each 
 drew up their own (forces). 
 
 ^ 16. First, -^fter that, nQd;jop fiir--iha Sd, A com- 
 pany of horse, rifi. In companies of horse, nax' Uag, A 
 company of infantry, tJIij. In companies of infantry, 
 naxa taUig. I ride along, ride by, naaaavvu^, A war- 
 chariot, Sg/iq, On, vpon, inl c. gen. Brazen, /aAKot^. 
 Purpls, ipoivixovg. Tunic, x^Ti/iy. Helmet, u^dyog. Shield^ 
 mig, I burnish, ixxa&ulgot. 
 
 .1 
 
 EXEHCISES I« «BBEK PB08B COMPOSITIOK. 
 
 8b 
 
 He was riding along on a war-chariot. He rode along 
 on a ..ar-chariot. He was riding along on horseback (<» 
 hnov). They rode along upon a war-chariot. They were 
 riding along on war-chariots. They rode a.ong on horse- 
 back (iv hnm). Some were riding along on war-chanots; 
 others, on horseback. He was hunting on horseback. (Sea 
 fc 7 sup ) They were hunting on horseback (plur.). 
 
 'They viewed first the barbarians and after that the Gre- 
 cians. He first plotted against the king, and after that he 
 wished to slay him. They were drawn up in companies ot 
 horse and infantry. Cyrus rode by (") upon a war-chanot, 
 while viewing the army. He had a brazen 1-elmet, and pur- 
 pie tunic. He had his shield burnished. 
 
 § 17. h front of, nf o. Ph'ilanx, »<a«/5. InlerpreMr, to- 
 «,«i<. Grecian (lit. of the Greeks) gen. plural of -£U.» 
 Anns armor, "onla, t<5. / present (for myself), nfopaUo^a,. 
 I move forward (intrans.), imx<»Q^- WTw^^, "^"S- I«<i^<">cc, 
 go forward, »?«"/««. Tent, <rxW Towards, tnl o. ace. 1 
 begin to run (lit. a running begins to me), S^pog ylj'rixal ^oi. 
 Of one's own accord, aao toe oiio^oroi;. Upon tliis, hereupon, 
 t* toiJroi;. Quickly, Tazd»i (SHjioy, jix""")- ^n """"'J'' »? "*• 
 yr;. / sound a trumpet, eaXnlio,. The trumpet sounds, aalni- 
 
 {ji (impers.). 
 
 They advanced. He advanced. The army moved for 
 ward The phalanx was moving forward. He presented 
 his arms. They presented their arms. Present arnis He 
 ordered them to present arms. He begins to run. Hebc^n 
 to run. He was beginning to run. I began to run. We 
 began to run. You began to run. They began to run. We 
 did not begin to run. We were not beginning to run. 
 
 (W) TapcXaiJfcii' means 
 Ivcvr. 
 
 2* 
 
 to drive akng, with an eUipsi* of Uvr6y, or ct 
 
S4 
 
 EXEECISJES IK GBKEK PROSE COMPOSITIOlf. 
 
 Ill 
 
 They placed the war-chariot in front of the phalanx 
 He stood (W) upon his war-chariot in front of the phalanx 
 He sent the interpreter to the Grecian generals. The Gre- 
 cian generals presented their arms, and the whole phalanx 
 moved forward. After they presented their arms, they ad- 
 vanced. The soldiers began to run(»3) towards the tents of 
 the barbarians. Of their own accord the soldiers began to 
 run towards home. And upon this, the Grecian soldiers went 
 forward more quickly with an outcry. The trumoet sounded. 
 
 § 18. The markel-men, lit. those of the market, oi t» ir^g 
 «/o(;«5. ^ Wares, ^ta, lu. Splendor, lufin^Strtg. Order, la^j. 
 Fear, <f6poq. I leave behind, abandon, xaiaUUta, lam much 
 terrified, lit. much terror is to me, q>6^og noXig itni /i«i. / see, 
 onserve, 60a,, fut. oipo/im, aor. ildor. I am pleased, r^dofim, fut! 
 Vtf&fiiTopai. I am astonished, ^avpaiv,, fut. mid. IJlee, ifiv- 
 y«, fut. mid. 
 
 He is much terrified. He is beginning to run. They 
 are much terrified. They are beginning to run. The mar- 
 ket-men are much terrified. The market-men- are beginning 
 to run. He is pleased. He will be pleased. They will b^ 
 pleased. He will be astonished. They will see the army. 
 He will not see the army. They will be spectators of the 
 contest. They will flee. He will not flee. 
 
 The market-men left their wares behind. The market- 
 n.en were much terrified. Hereupon they fled more quickly, 
 with an outcry. Having seen the splendor and order of 
 the army, they were pleased. Having obser/ed the fear with 
 which the Greeks inspired the barbarians (lit. the fear from 
 
 (»: Recollrct that the perf plaperf. and 2d «tr. of Zar,^. are JitnM 
 ( ) Lit. a rnnning began to the aoldiera. 
 
 BXEECISES IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION. 35 
 
 /le Greeks to the barbarians), the} were astonished. Having 
 seen the barbarians fleeing, 1 shall be pleased. 
 
 § 19. Frontier,farthest, extreme, border, tnj^aiog. Hostile^ 
 nolifiiog. Laughter, yiio^. I plunder, dtagnd^ai, I permit, 
 
 I give you permission to go. He gave me permission to 
 go. 1 will give him permission to go. I will not give you 
 permission to plunder the country. I will give you permis- 
 sion to plunder the border cities. He gave us permission to 
 
 plunder the city. 
 
 Iconium is a frontier city of Phrygia. They plundered 
 these cities on the ground that they were hostile. When(*) 
 ,he trumpet sounded, the barbarians began to run. Having 
 permitted the army to plunder a border city of this country, 
 he withdrew as fast as he could. They went to their tents 
 with laughter. They remained in Lycaonia three days. 
 
 § 20. Quick, ja/ig, ^aiTcuv, Ta/i<rio^ A certain, tig en- 
 clit. Other, tugog (denoting a more marked difference than 
 l^llog). A man, vir, ay/,g. A Persian, iZt.oaij?. Self, altos 
 in apposition with a noun or pronoun. I send wUh, avfinifAnv. 
 I accuse, aitidtpai. 
 
 I sent the men away. I sent for the man. I sent with 
 the man a thousand soldiers. I sent them by the shortest 
 ;iit. quickest) route. He sent a certain man. They sent a 
 certain other (person). I sent for the man himself. The 
 man himself sent for me. We sent for the men themselves. 
 
 Cyrus sent them away home(") by the shortest route. 
 He sent for them (to come) by the shortest route. He sent 
 
 (») What is the difference between ore and inei 1 
 (W) Recollect that oUoi, domi, is used with a verb of reit ; •halt, 
 9r>Dittm, with a verb of motion. 
 
\ 
 
 &6 
 
 Exercises in greek prose composition. 
 
 BIERCISBS IN GKBBK PROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 37 
 
 with them the general himself.('') He sent with her('*) a 
 thousand bowmen as a body-guard. He accused a certain 
 other (person) (■•) of plotting agamst him. Cyrus appre- 
 hended a Persian man with the intention (<•) of putting him 
 to death. 
 
 § 21. Wherefore, d** o. On, upcm, iiii c. gen. (after a 
 ▼erb of rest). Heights, anqa^ la. On the next (day), tj lait. 
 faltf (sc. ifiiQijf). I force a passage, effect an entrance, «V 
 ddXXat. Pass, (igfiolrj. A wagon-road, odog afiaUrog. Strongly, 
 exceedingly, iaxvQdg. Steep, og^iog. Impracticable, impaS" 
 sable, ctfi^avog, I enter, go in, tigigxofAai. I oppose, xialvta 
 1 ascertain, am informed, alfj&arofiai. Within, iTaat. T/uii, 
 ofi, used principally after verbs expressing or implying a de- 
 claration (verba declarandi). The learner should be careful 
 to observe the particular verbs after which on occurs most 
 frequently. A messenger, ayyiXog. I have, Xiiina. 
 
 The road is steep. This road is steep. The wagon- 
 road is exceedingly steep. The road is impassable. The 
 pass is a wagon-road. He entered the country. He effected 
 an entrance into the country. On the next day they entered 
 the city. Wherefore on the next day he entered the city. 
 
 They remained in the plain ten days. Wherefore ho 
 remained seven days upon the heights. On the next day, 
 he attempted to force a passage into a border city of Phrygia. • 
 He did not attempt to force a passage into the country, be- 
 cause the pass was a wagon-road, exceedingly eteep. It was 
 
 (•'') airdv rdv aTfaTTiy6v, the general hinuel/i rdk airiv orparfiydw, the 
 mtne general. 
 
 (*3) ci¥ denotes accompaniment ; fitri with the £en.« partieipativn 
 voith. 
 
 (*) Accas. The object of aiTiao&^tvoi if so* ei(«reae<l attain. k« 
 cause it is in the clauses preceding. 
 .'«•) See ^ 3, ch. 1. 
 
 impracticable for an army to enter into this country, if any 
 one opposed. When he ascertained that the bowmen were 
 already within the heights, he attempted to effect an entrance 
 into the country. They heard that Cyrus had ten thousand 
 Grecian soldiers who were attemping (* ' ) to effect an entrance 
 into the country. They ascertained that Cyrus was already 
 within the heights guarding the pass. Three messengem 
 arrived, saying that the Grecians had left the pass. 
 
 § 22. On, upon (after a verb of motion), ini c. ace. 
 Where (relative adv.), ol. Beautiful, xaX6g. Well-watered, 
 inlqivtog. Abounding in, tfinXnog. Tree, dirdgoy. Vine, 
 ufAntXog. Of every variety, navjodan6g. Mountain, ogog. 
 Rugged, hxvqk Lofly, v^^^g. On every side, navtn. 1 
 ascend, uva^aiva. I encompass, mgux^- 
 
 He was pleased. Wherefore they were pleased. Upon 
 this he sent away the messenger. Upon this the messenger 
 arrived. He sent for the interpreter. On the next day, 
 they sent for the interpreter. The mountain is lofty and 
 rugged. The palace is fortified. The city is beautiful. 
 These cities are large and prosperous. 
 
 Having ascended upon the mountains, they beheld the 
 country where the Cilicians dwelt. This country is large 
 and beautiful, well-watered, and abounding in vines and trees 
 of every variety There are vines and trees of every variety 
 in the plain. Rugged and lofty mountains encompass the 
 city on every side. He was pleased when he beheld the 
 plain large and beautiful. A lofty mountain encompasses 
 the city, (extending) ftx)m sea to sea. On the following day, 
 they besieged the city by land and sea. 
 
 («) Lit they heard Cyrus having 
 Bee n«te (»«), ch. 1. 
 
 . . soldiert attempting, ete 
 
EXERCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 § 23. Midst of, /iiaog (placed before the article oi aOe 
 the noun, and translated like medius; e. g. fiiari ^ yC^). Cf. 
 Lat. medius. When placed immediately after the arUcle il 
 means, the middle, the central. Name, o.o/u«. No one, ol^ 
 ^k' I descend, xaxapaivb). 
 
 The river flows through the midst of the city. The river 
 flows through the central city. A river flows through the 
 midst of the country. A certain river flows through the mid- 
 die country. Many rivers flowed through the country. An. 
 other river flowed through the country. 
 
 A river of two hundred feet in width flowed through the 
 midst of the city. A river, Cydnus by name, flowed through 
 the midst of Tarsus, a large and flourishing city of Cilicia. 
 On the next day, no one opposing, he descended to the city 
 through a plain, large and beautiful, well-watered, and 
 abounding in vines and trees of every variety. This river 
 flows through the midst of the city, and empties into the 
 sea. He attempted to force an entrance into the midst of 
 the city. A messenger arrived, saymg that he had ascended 
 upon the heights, 
 
 § 24. I dwell in, i.oiMui. The inhabitants, ol iyanovyus 
 (ht. those dwelling in) c. ace. Also, oi olxovruf h c dat 
 Abandon, evacuate, iM^u.. Place, x^glov. The innkeepers. 
 
 The army is ascending upon the mountains. The army 
 is upon the mountains (see § 21). The commander is within 
 the heights. They dwell in a strong-hold (lit. place). 
 
 Or the next day, they left the mountains and descended 
 Into the plain. The inhabitants of this city abandoned it 
 together with(") the king of the country, for a strong-hold 
 ■pon the mountains. The innkeepers said that the Ciliciani 
 
 '") See note (»), ch. 3. 
 
 EXERCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 39 
 
 had left tlie heights. Those who dwelt along by the sea did 
 not abandon their cities. The innkeeper gave much mouej. 
 to his son. He gave much money to the sons of the inn. 
 keeper. (<») Those who dwelt by the sea were evidently 
 joubled.(^M 
 
 5 25. Sooner, earlier, n^6itQog. By^ denoting the agen 
 or doer, with a verb of pass, meaning, vno c gen. / cut in 
 pieces, xaraxo/iToi. Am engaged in some predatory excursion, 
 aQTia^ut u. I perishy unokXvfiai. I wander, niavbuiai, / 
 find, ti^iaHO). I leave behind, leave remaining, vnoldjifa. 
 
 He perished in wandering. They perished in wandering. 
 The interpreter perished in wandering. He perished in 
 some predatory excursion. He found the road. They 
 did not find the road. They were not able to find the road. 
 They cut in pieces the army of Cyrus. The army of Cyrus 
 was cut in pieces by them. He plundered the city. The 
 city was plundered by him. We plundered all of the cities. 
 All of the cities were plundered by us. The whole city way 
 plundered by him. 
 
 The king reached Tarsus sooner (<*) than I. They ar- 
 rived at the sea sooner than the targeteers. They arrived 
 at the tents where the Cilicians kept guard sooner than those 
 who dwelt by the sea. Some were cut in pieces by the 
 Greeks (") while engaged in a predatory excursion ; others, 
 
 (*•) Th; Greeks often used a participle, where we should more na- 
 mrally use a substantive. Thus, oi ra kot. ex- for ol xdwriXot ; so, ol Ivof 
 KoivTcf, the inhabitants, ol ^rfyoyrcf, the exiles. 
 
 (**) See note {^), ch. 2. 
 
 («) Observe that the Greek word for "sooner" is an adjective, 
 agreeing with the subject of the verb. Often, when the idea of time or 
 motion was expressed, the Greeks and Romans gave the qualifying word 
 the form of an adjective rather than of an adverb. 
 
 (*•) The Eng. word " by " standing before the name of an agent oi 
 doer, is ordinarily expressed in Greek by Ind with the gen. ; after verbal* 
 ko rfof, by the dat. alone. 
 
i ) 
 
 I 
 
 II 
 
 EXERCISES IN GREEK PROSE CCMPOSITIOlf. 
 
 not being able to find the roads, after that perished in war. 
 dering. They left the other army (<') behind. They aban 
 doned the rest of the army. A rugged and lofty mountain 
 encompasses the other city. A messenger arrived, saying, 
 that they had already left the rest of the city. 
 
 § 26. I go into the power of any one, iQ^ofiai iivt ilg xuqoi 
 Am in the power of, see ch. 1, § 4. An assurance, nlaiig 
 Destruction, oli&gog. A fellow-soldier, awTpaKcJiiy?. Before 
 previously, nqoii^ov. Yet, up to this time, n^. I am enraged, 
 o^ngry, ogyiCoftai, 
 
 He plundered the city— this city— the same city(<»)— the 
 city itself— the other city— the rest of the city— the whole 
 city. They evacuated the place— the place itself— the same 
 place. He left us behind. He himself left us behind. He 
 left us ourselves. We ourselves left him. We left him 
 himself. He was left behind by us ourselves. The same 
 soldiers were left behind. The soldiers themselves left us 
 behind. The messenger spoke these things. The messen- 
 ger himself spoke the same things. I myself am enraged. 
 The interpreter himself is enraged. The city itself was 
 plundered. The same city was plundered. The same cities 
 were plundered. 
 
 They plundered the palace (♦«) in Tarsus and the city 
 itself (*•) Having plundered the city Tarsus, he marched 
 two days' journey, ten parasangs. Cyrus did not come into 
 the power of his brother. His wife having taken assurances 
 persuaded him. («•) His wife persuaded Syennesis himself. 
 
 («) The other anntf, ri irtfutv vrpinvfta ; the rest of, etc , rd i>X« 
 
 (*») A word or phrase added to a noon for the purpose of description 
 or definition often takes the article. Crosby, § 687. KQh., § 245, 3, (a). 
 
 (*•) Airii preceded by the article always means, ike tame, cf note 
 ^ ch. 2 ; not preceded by the article and in apposition with a noun oi 
 
 EXERCISES IN GREER I ROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 41 
 
 With (••) the same(*») army, they plunoered the city itself. He 
 sent for me, pretending to be(»') enraged on account of the 
 destruction of his soldiers. He abandoned his fellow-soldiers. 
 He denied (") that he sent away the soldiers. He did not at 
 any time before come into the power of the king. 
 
 § 27. AfUr, fina c. ace. One another, not used In the 
 nom. ; gen. aXly'iXiav. Necklace, aiqinroq, 6. Bracelet, tpil- 
 Aiw. Having a gold-studded bridle, XQvcroxaXirog. Gift, ddiQov. 
 Honorable, tipiog. Golden, adorned with gold, xQvaovg, Robe, 
 aroAii. / think, suppose, esteem, vopi^ui. I receive, take, lafi- 
 Suva, I am willing, consent, i&ilw. Scimeter, uxivuxrig. A 
 slave, ardqanodov. I take back, anolapfiuva. Any where, nov 
 (enclit.). I fall in with, meet, eVrv/^ayw. 
 
 The wife of Syennesis has necklaces and bracelets. He 
 gave much money to the wife of Syennesis. They gave 
 many gifts to the wife of Syennesis herself. The wife of 
 Syennesis has a robe adorned with gold. She herself pre- 
 sented a robe adorned with gold to the same slave. I am not 
 willing to give this robe to the slave. I gave the robe to him. 
 I gave the robe to him himself. We met with him the next 
 day. I met with the man himself the same day. 
 
 After these things they were with one another ten days. 
 They came into the presence (•») of the king with(") golden 
 
 prononn expressed or implied, also in the oblique cases when it standi 
 first in its clause, it is intensive and is translated, himself , herself etc. ; 
 in all other cases, it is a simple personal pronoun and is translated him, 
 hr, etc. In the nom. it is always intensive ; for, if no noun or prononB 
 m expressed with which it is in apposition, one is always implied. 
 
 (•0) See note (*), ch. 2. 
 
 (") i,(, etc. 
 
 {**) ov <priftt, I deny or refuse. 
 
 (•8) vaph and ace. See § 12, ch. 9. 
 
 (•*) See note (*), ch. 2. 
 
I 
 
 ' f 
 
 BX£&CIS£S IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 necklaces and bracelets. He presented to me a horse with « 
 gold-studded bridle, a gift which is esteemed honorable with a 
 king. Having received assurances and a robe adorned with 
 gold, they consented ('») to go into the power of Cyrus. They 
 did not at that time consent to be in the power of(**) tho 
 army. He presented to the general golden scimeters for 
 the army. They took back the skves which had been seized 
 if they any where met with them. 
 
 (••) iiri with the dat btcausc it is uaed after a verb of nm. 8e« $ 4| 
 
 ■ZERCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 49 
 
 u^ 
 
 CKAPTER THIRD. 
 
 6 1. Army, ajQatia, To go against ^ Uvat int c. ace. 
 2V go forward, nqo'Uvai, To go farther, Uvai jov irgova. 1 
 try to force, compel, fiidj^ofiai (used here de conatu). I begin, 
 o^/o^oi. lam hired, fna&ovfiat. For (an end in view) inl 
 c. dat. / cast (stones or any missiles) at, fiuXlia. Beast of 
 burden, vno^vyiov. 
 
 They are going forward. He is going farther. We are 
 going against the king. We are hired for this (purpose). He 
 was hired for this (purpose). He began to go forward. He 
 himself began to go farther. They themselves began to go 
 forward. He refused to go. He refuses to go. He denied 
 that he was hired for this (purpose). 
 
 The army refuses to go farther. The soldiers refused to 
 go against the king. They tried to force his(') soldiers to 
 go farther : but they(«) denied that they were going against 
 the king. They already began to go forward. I was not 
 hired for this (purpose). They were hired to cast (stones) at 
 his beasts of burden. 
 
 (•) The word " his" is not reflexive here • therefore, airov or tKtivov 
 not airov must be used ; unless the Greek word for "his" be omitted. 
 Bee note (* '), ch. 1. The soldiers of Clearchus, and below, his beasts of 
 tarden, are contrasted with those of the other generals ; hence the pro 
 noons are expressed by Xenophon in this sentence. 
 
 («) See note (•), ch. I. 
 
14 
 
 EXERCISES IN GREEK PR08B COMPOSITION. 
 
 EXERCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 15 
 
 f^' 
 
 § 2. i stone to death, umanuQw. Time^xQ^^oq; a longtime^ 
 noXvgx^ofog, An assembly, ixxXt,<ri'u. I call together, awayvk 
 I stand, tairfxa, (For the other intrans. tenses in the act. 
 voice, see vocabulary § 3, eh. 1.) / weep^ daxQvia. Nar- 
 rowly, a Utiles /Atx^or. I escape., ixq^tiyn. Passage over, vntff-^ 
 dol^. Afterwards, v9tf()ov. 
 
 They perished in the passage over the mountains. They 
 all perished in the passage over the mountains. They sev- 
 erally (each) perished. No one perished. He narrowly 
 escaped from perishing. We narrowly escaped from perish- 
 ing. And afterwards he went forward. And afterwards ho 
 wept. And afterwards they were stoned to death. At first 
 he stood a long time, and after that he spoke as follows. He 
 (was the) first (who) spoke. (•) At first he wept. He (waa 
 tlie) first (who) wept. 
 
 They stoned him to death, when they knew that they 
 should not be able to compel him to advance farther. The 
 Greeks at first (•) cast stones at him: but afterwards they 
 yielded to him. They remained at home a long time. At 
 first they called (*) an assembly of their soldiers; and after 
 that they stood and wept(*) a long time. They narrowly 
 escaped from being stoned to death. The army of Menon 
 narrowly escaped from perishing in the passage over the 
 mountains. The soldiers of Clearchus narrowly escaped 
 from being cut in pieces by the Cilicians. 
 
 § 3, For one^s private use, tig to idioy — tipi. I lay up, Ka- 
 lail^ifiaty (reflex.) / waste in pleasure, squander, xa&tidvna 
 
 (•) npcSrof is an adj. qualifying the subj. of the verb. CIearchiu/r«/ 
 K e. before any one else, did something. Updinv is an adv. qualifying Um 
 feii). Clearcbis a</r»f, etc. 
 
 (*) Lit. led together. 
 
 (*) This clause illustrates a common \diom in Greek : — «he vse oT • 
 participle and verb, where we use two verbs and a coniunction. 
 
 ^«. J am greatly troubled, I take (a thing) hard, /aiwwff yt- 
 ooi. Things that are present, ju naqovia. Difficulties, nquy 
 iiaiu. I am silent, atwTrw. 
 
 Be not surprised. (J) Yi)u are not surprised. Be not silent 
 (continued) (see note 8). Be not silent (momentary) (see 
 note 8). Be not in the habit of weeping. Do not weep. Be 
 Dot displeased. Continue not yuur displeasure. Be not en- 
 raged. Continue not your rage. Do not place confidence 
 m him. Be not in the habit of placing confidence in him. 
 
 He was expending his resources upon his armies.(*) 
 They did not lay up their money for their private use.(^) Do 
 not(') lay up your money for your private use; nor(») 
 waste it in pleasure. He did not squander his money, but he 
 expended it upon the city. Be not greatly troubled at the 
 present difficulties. At first they were silent, but after that, 
 they spoke as follows. He did not lay up his money, (••) but 
 he expended it for his own private advantage. 
 
 § 4. / take vengeance upon, itfitAiQaifjiai. In behalf of, 
 vnig c. gen. / drive out, iUlavvta, I deprive, uqfaigofjfiai. 
 
 (•) In ch. 1, § 8, Sawayu is used with dfifi and the ace. ; here with eis 
 and the ace. The former expression denotes a less direct expenditure. 
 
 (^) The negative /ii> is used instead of «v ; (•) in all prohibitiont, 
 tpishet, deliberative quettioru; (»») with all conditional particles; (•) with 
 all particles denoting intention or purpose ; and generally, where any 
 thing is represented as simply conceived, but not as an actual fact. The 
 negative oi is direct and unconditional. 
 
 («) In prohibitions, /i»j is used with the imperative of the present^ 
 to denote a continued or customary action or state ; but with the suIh 
 iunelice of the aorist, to denote a momentary action or state. 
 
 (•) The same distinction prevails between the compounds of ov and 
 fii as between the simple words. Consequently, ftriSl not ovhi must be 
 aaed here. 
 
 ('•) xf^f^^^ • '"^ wffiyiiara are crduiarily distinguished as in this sec- 
 
 iOB. 
 
16 
 
 EXERCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 EXERCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 47 
 
 !ii 
 
 I 
 
 In return for, uyil. I receive favors, il miaxto. (It will U 
 perceived that jraV/w is more generic in its signification than 
 the Eng. 1 suffer,) Native country, nar^i^. J yjanl, need, 
 diofiat. 
 
 Do not assist Cyrus. Do not continue to assist Cyrus. 
 I received favors from (lit. by) him. I shall assist him. He 
 will receive favors from me (vri i^ov, not Itio ftov). They 
 were receiving favors from us. We used to receive favors 
 from them. Do not expei us from the country. 
 
 Making their head-quarters at Chersonesus, they carried 
 on war(«') with the Thracians. With you I took vengeance 
 upon the Thracians who dwell beyond the Hellespont, they 
 look vengeance upon the Thracians in behalf of Greece, by 
 driving them from the country. (•«) They expelled them 
 from their native country, when they wished (lit. wishing) to 
 deprive the Greeks of Uieir land. And this was another pre- 
 text to them for besieging Miletus by land and by sea. 
 When he was an exile from his country, he assisted Cvrus 
 m return for all the favors which he had received from him. 
 If you should want any thing of me, I would assist you. 
 
 § 5. Since, because, intL (Compare this in its temporal 
 and causal senses with quum.) I prove false, am false to, 
 f^iidofiai. It is necessary, it is unavoidable, avuyxti {iail) ; 
 irayufi f,oi, I must, I aiandm, am traitor to, ngodldo^fii 
 Either— or, 5—?. Never, otzroi*, chiefly with the fut. : ovdi. 
 non, chiefly with the present or fut. ; oldmaiTzofi, with the' 
 past only. I saij, qrrtfii, fut. igai. Friendship, (pdia. I chose 
 dX6firiv, pres. akoxfiai. Whether, il I know, olda, fut ifj. 
 Hm. I siffer, naiTXi^, It is needed, is necessary, du. Fel- 
 low-soldiers, "jlvdqtq aiQaiibtiai, 
 
 (>>) In § 9, ch. 1, the dative without a prep, is used with this verb 
 (") x'^i. country, narpd, native country, fatherland, yH, earth, Uut± 
 wipoi, mainland, continent. 
 
 I will sufller whatever is necessary. I will yield to you 
 I must go. I must stay. I must abandon you. I must be 
 false to you. I must benefit you. I must take vengeance 
 upon the Greeks. I must drive you out of the country I 
 must cast the Pisidians from the country. We must besiege 
 the city. We must assist the king. You must go home. 
 You must engage in war. We must conquer. 
 
 Since you prove false to the king, it is necessary for 
 me to abandon you. I am not willing to go in company with 
 you. I must either be false to the king, or go with(") 
 (participating with) you. Never shall any one say that 1 
 have proved traitor to my friends. At first they were false 
 to me, but after that they abandoned my brother and('*) 
 chose my friendship. Whether I shall escape being stoned 
 to death, I know not ; but, with my soldiers, I will suflfer 
 whatever is necessary. To you, fellow-soldiers, I will yield ; 
 for, I place confidence in you. It is necessary for me to 
 benefit you, in return for the favors which I have received 
 from you. Never will I be a traitor to you. 
 
 § 6. Bereft, t^ifiog. I defend myself against, aki^ofiai c. 
 ace. Wherever, with a verb of motion onrj ; with a verb of 
 rest, ojrov. Be assured, T^y pKufirjp txne, followed by ttg c. 
 gen. abs. I follow, Bitofiat, I think, oi/iat. For the peculiar 
 force of this word, see Lid. and Sc. sub otoftai. 
 
 Be assured that I will go. Be assured that we will go. 
 Be assured that I will obey you. Be assured that I will take 
 vengeance upon them. Be assured that I will defend myself 
 against him. Be assured that I will assist you. 
 
 Being b(^reft of you, I do not know whether I shall be 
 able to defend myself against my enemies. With you, we 
 
 (*•) For the difference between criv with the dat. and /icra with the 
 ISO., ace note (»), ch. 2. 
 f»«) Cf. mte(«hch. 3 
 
48 
 
 EXERCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 EXERCISES IN GREEK PROSE COAitoSlTION. 
 
 49 
 
 >«i 
 
 shall be honorable wherever we are. Be assured tliat I will 
 follow you wherever ( •») you go. But since he does not wish 
 to follow me, I do not think I should be able to benefit my 
 country. 
 
 § 7. Justly, what is just, dixaia^ neut. plur. of dUaiog. I 
 praise, duaiydi, fat. mid. / encamp, (ngaiontdtvta. 
 
 The soldiers praise us. We praise the soldiers. The 
 soldiers of Clearchus will praise us. Both the soldiers of 
 Clearchus and the others will praise us. The soldiers, both 
 those of Clearchus and the others, will praise us. We will 
 praise him. He will be praised by us. 
 
 Whether I shall do justly I know not, but I will praise 
 you because you refuse (••) to go to Clearchus, and are will, 
 ing to encamp with Cyrus. Wherever they went with their 
 arms and baggage, we followed with them. It is necessary 
 for us to encamp by the king with our arms and baggage. 
 They cast (stones) at his beasts of burden. Wherever we 
 are, in your company we are honorable. The soldiers re- 
 fused to proceed. A thousand men from('^) the barbarians, 
 taking their arms and baggage, encamped by the Greeks! 
 He went up to('^) the king. 
 
 § 8. Without the knowledge of, iu&ga c. gen. Season, 
 ably, opportunely, ^k ro dior. I am at a loss, am perplexed, 
 m^oga». I am sad, IvJioifim. I am of goad courage, ^a^iu,, 
 I suspect, vJtortTnvta. Ally, (Tvfifiaxog, 
 
 (»») Obeervc the difference between Sw^ and 8wov ; the former being 
 wed with a verb of motion, the latter with a verb of rest 
 
 (W) See Lex. fn^i* III. 
 
 («T) ^pi with the gen., from, i. e. from the $ide of; with the dat., 
 »f. I. e. hy the »tde of; with the accna., to, i. e. to the tide of VwnUf, 
 Sk these significations, with the names of persona. 
 
 He settled these things seasonably. These things be- 
 came settled seasonably. (What is the difference between 
 ihe 1st and 2d aor. of la-iTj/ii ?) He settled these things for 
 his own private advantage. He is perplexed. He is sad. 
 They are perplexed and sad. He is of good courage. They 
 are of good courage. Some are perplexed and sad ; others 
 are of good courage. At first he was perplexed and sad ; 
 afterwards, he was of good courage. 
 
 I am at a loss, where I shall go. I am sad, for I already 
 suspect that we are going against the king. I know not 
 whether I shall do what is just, but I will send a messenger 
 without the knowledge of the allies. Fellow ('•) soldiers, be 
 of good courage, be assured that these (matters) will be 
 settled seasonably. He was of good courage, supposing that 
 these things would be settled seasonably. These (affairs) 
 became settled. He arrived opportunely. I deny that I 
 will go myself. They are not willing to go themselves. 
 
 § 9. Longer, hi, Ko hnger, oUiu, Paymaster, ftur&o- 
 
 He is no longer in the power of his brother. He is not 
 yet in the power of his brother. He is not yet of good cou- 
 rage. He is no longer of good courage. The paymaster is 
 perplexed. The interpreter is no longer sad. 
 
 He assembled both his own soldiers and, of the others, 
 
 anyone who desired. He collected ('•) an army. After 
 
 these things, any one who desired went to Cyrus. Upon 
 
 this, they went to the doors of the palace, a^d(2») demanded 
 
 he pay which was due. Cyrus is no longer our paymaster; 
 
 (") For this use of SiySpe(^ see Lex. VI. 1. This expression ia 
 <njte different from ffwarparjwrai, although we translate it by the same 
 English phrase. 
 
 (»•) Seel:l:7. 
 
 P) See note (5) cU 3. 
 
50 
 
 £XERCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSlTIOIf . 
 
 for wo are no longer his soldiers. Fellow-soldiers, be not ^^ 
 surprised that Cyrus is afflicted at the present affairs. You 
 are not surprised that Cyrus refuses to give the pay which is 
 due for four months. 
 
 § 10. I am ashamed, ahj^Cyofiai. I am conscious, avroida 
 fyaviu,, I injure, am guilty, idixui (either trans, or intrans in 
 thepres.). Chiefly, j6 fiiy^aror. I fear, d.doixa or Mia fut 
 a«'ao^.a. That, after verbs of fearing, f^i like the Lat. ne. 
 Punishment, justice, dixtj, I i„,pose, injiict, ij^iridnt^,. For 
 on accmint of, often denoted by the gen. without a preposition! 
 
 1 am conscious. He is conscious. We are conscious. 
 1 hey are conscious. You are conscious. He is ashamed. 
 He IS ashamed because he is conscious. He is ashamed be- 
 cause he fears. 
 
 I am ashamed, because I am conscious of having been 
 talse(") to you, in all things. He is conscious of having been 
 a traitor to me. They are conscious of being injured by us. 
 I know that you are conscious of being false to us in all 
 thmgs. They think that they have been injured. I am not 
 wilhng to go, chiefly because (•») I fear that the enemy will 
 teize me and inflict punishment for what they suppose that 
 they have been injured by me. I fear that (") he will nar- 
 rowly escape being stoned to death. 
 
 § 11. Without, anv c. rjrcn. Advantage, profit, Zifilog. 
 Private soldier, id^^rrjc, I consider, a*nrTo/i«*. (For the choice 
 between this word and anono,, see Lid. and Sc. sub axir^jo^a,.) 
 ndeed, dj I sleep, naan doK Time, high-time, season, •> 
 
 («) See note (T), ch. 3. " 
 
 ("5 For another construction with this word, cf 8 5 sup 
 (") See note ('•;.chl. 
 
 (^) Obsenre that ^i> like the Lat ne is used after verbs of fforinfl 
 when n Eng. a negative is not admissible. 
 
 EXERCISES IN GREEK I'ROSE COMPOSITION, 
 
 01 
 
 111 the present circumstances, ex tovKav. I neglect, afidu. 
 Here, ahov. It seems expedient, doxsl, How,o^(aq, (Indirect 
 questions, ttw;.) Safely, uaipaXag, comp. utKfaXiaTeQov, sup. 
 acTifaliaTaja. 
 
 Do not stay here. They will not stay here. We will 
 not stay here without the general. He will stay here with- 
 out the knowledge of the private soldiei*s. They remained a 
 long time. It is not a time to stay here. 
 
 Without order, there is no advantage either (*■) in com- 
 mander or private soldier. We (••) must consider whether 
 we shall indeed do justly. It is no time for us to sleep. We 
 must not neglect (■') ourselves, but must take counsel what 
 we are to do in the present circumstances. As long as we 
 remain here, we will deliberate what it is necessary to do. 
 We will remain in the plain, as long as the enemy sleep. It 
 seems axpedient to depart at once. Do not(*') neglect your- 
 selves. We will go away at once without the knowledge of 
 the soldiers. We will consider how we shall go away most 
 safely. 
 
 § 12. / knoio, decide, judge, ytyrunrxcj. Who, what, xlq, 
 t/; in an indirect question, oVtic, ^'n?, o,n. Best, uQunog. 
 Alike, in like manner, opolag. I know, know well, am ac- 
 quainted with, inlmapm. Since also, xul ynQ. / sit, am sit- 
 ting, xa&ijfiat. Not even, ovdi. Far off, at a distance from, 
 nogjia. Hard, harsh, implacable, z^^og. Valuable (lit 
 worthy of much), noklov u$iog. Foot, equestrian, naval forces, 
 divufiig Ttf^t], ijimxt], raviixj. 
 
 (*) Negative connectives are employed in negative sentences. The 
 negatives are of the same character when they belong to the same predi- 
 ration ; i. e either ov throughout the sentence or else /ift throughout. 
 
 (*) For the construction of ihe agent with the verbal in -reos, see ^••>, 
 
 (•*) The verbals of dfithH and povXtvinai are formed regula'lf. 
 (*) Sep note (^}. ch 3. 
 
52 
 
 EIBRCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 EXERCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 58 
 
 He is a friend to me. He is a valuable friend to us. He 
 is a most valuable friend to you. They are valuable friends 
 to this man. He is an implacable (private) enemy. He m 
 a most implacable enemy to me. You are a most implacable 
 enemy to us. He is a valuable friend (observe the use of fth 
 in the first member of an antithesis) ; but an implacable en©, 
 my. I am a friend to you ; but an enemy to your brother. 
 They are most valuable friends to us ; but most implacable 
 enemies to the king. 
 
 It is high time to speak what any one judges to be best. 
 I judge it best to consider how we shall depart most safely. 
 We all alike see and know well the forces of the enemy ; 
 since also they seem to me to be sitting not even at a distance 
 from us. These men are valuable friends to whomsoever 
 they are friends; but, the harshest enemies (") to him with 
 whom they are at war. Without valuable friends, there is 
 no advantage either(»») in foot forces or equestrian or naval 
 forces. It is high time to depart. I am ashamed because I 
 have been false to a valuable friend. We must consider how 
 these things will be settled seasonably ; since also, we are 
 conscious of having been traitors to him. He spoke as fol- 
 lows. He spoke thusf") (as above). 
 
 § 13. Consent, advice, yrafiri. Embarrassment, difficulty, 
 inogla. What, of what sort, qualis, oio^. I point out, imdiU- 
 
 We did not remain. They did not remain here. I did 
 not remain in the city. He did not remain without the advice 
 of Cyrus. He remained of his own accord. 1 will go («^« 
 
 (**) 'Ex^fjoi = inimicus; iruXt;.i>$s= hostii. 
 
 (•) S«e note (») sup. 
 
 (•') Observe the difference between raira § 12, and roiiSt § 8. So, 
 ti general, ravra, roiavra and ovTui refer t/. what precedes ; ra<Jc, roiiit antf 
 ft»^t-,to what follcwt. 
 
 the ordinary Att. fut. of iQxofiat). I will not go. I will not 
 go without the advice of Cyrus. He will go of his own ac- 
 cord. They will go of their own accord. 
 
 Some remained ; others went away. We shall remain ol 
 our own accord. On the following day he went away with- 
 out the consent of his sons. He sent a messenger to the ene- 
 my without the knowledge of the garrison. It was not(^*) in 
 keeping with the character of the paymaster, not(*') to give 
 to the army the pay which was due. We all alike know 
 what will be the embarrassment in remaining far from this 
 valuable friend. They pointed out to us what would be the 
 difficulty in going against the king. They suspected already 
 that the garrison was sleeping. He used to live in a cave 
 close by the Mysian country. 
 
 ^ 14. J pretend, make pretence, Trgoanoiovfiai. I am tn 
 haste, vJtivd(o. I lead away, ajiuya. I take, seize beforehand, 
 nqouaraXap^urm. 1 sail away, unonlita. In order tJiat, onug, 
 I anticipate, (f&uva, fut. q^^&Tf(rofiai, Provisions, xa imxifiHa, 
 I purchase, uyoQu^ia. I rob, avaqnu^fa. 
 
 L purchased provisions. I will purchase provisions. I 
 will anticipate you in purchasing provisions. I anticipated 
 him in purchasing provisions. They anticipated us in going 
 away. They anticipated us in sailing away. I am in haste. 
 Do not be in haste. He pretends to be in haste. He pre- 
 tends to be collecting an army. I will anticipate him in col- 
 lecting an army. 
 
 He made the pretence that he wished to collect an army. 
 He pretended that he was in ha.ste to collect an army. It 
 vou do(^*) not wish(^') to lead us away, we will choose othei 
 
 C^ Cf. note O. ch. 3. 
 
 (") What is the Att. 2d pera. sing, of oiaftat^ QovXo^at and iy^^m T •!«% 
 i^iUt.^tu Kuh.§]16, 11. 
 (••) See ch. 3, (»). 
 
M 
 
 BIERCISES IN GREEK PBOSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 LSki- 
 
 H! 
 
 generals. Be not(") surprised, if I do not(»^) demand boaI« 
 of the king so that I may sail away. He did not give them 
 the boats. If(»») you do not give them the boats, they will 
 not sail away. We will seize upon the heights beforehand, 
 in order that the enemy may not(W) anticipate us in havino 
 seized them. Do not be in haste to seize upon the pass, i 
 fear that we may not be able to purchase provisions. I have 
 oftentimes robbed them of their money. I robbed as many as 
 1 met in the pass. 
 
 § 15. I act as general, take the command, take the lead, 
 aiqajTiyia. I gee, discover, irogd,. Nothing, oidiy, neut. of 
 oid^lg. As perfectly, fully as any other man, i^ ug nal «Uoc, 
 tiaXiaia ir&Q^na^y. Most implicitly, as much as possible, i 
 dwuxhw fittiiiTia. I shall have, etc. The fut. perf. in the 
 act. voice is denoted by the adv. ur with the subjunct. of 
 the aor. in a dependent clause ; by iaofiai, tarj, etc., with the 
 perf. or aor. act. particip. in an independent clause. 
 
 I must do this. I must not do this. We must do this. 
 You must do this. He must do this. They must do this. 
 We must not do this. I know how to do this. I know how 
 to do this well. I know how to do this as perfectly as any 
 other man. He knows how to do this as perfectly as any 
 other man. They know how to do this as perfectly as any 
 other men. T.iey will have done this. They will have done 
 this as perfectly as any other men. He will have done this 
 as perfectly as any other man. He obeys most implicitly. 
 He knows how to obey most implicitly. 
 
 Be assured that 1 will take the command. No one shall 
 q)ea k of me as if inten ding to take the lead in the passage 
 
 n fi. b used only with the subjunctive and denotes a conditional 
 future : ei is used with the indie, or optat. With the several tenses of 
 :he ind.c. «• denotes a condition belonging to the definite time of tboee 
 unses respectively, e. g. „• ,.;> /i.,iXera,, if he does not wish (now) ; bol 
 ii¥ nh itiu», if he wtll not givt. 
 
 EXERCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 55 
 
 Dver the mountains. Let no one speak of me as if intending 
 to abandon you: for I see many (reasons) why I must(**) 
 not do this. I see no reason (nothing) why he must not do 
 this. You will know that I understand as perfectly as any 
 other man how to be governed also. 1 know that you will 
 obey most implicitly the man whom I shall have chosen. I 
 shall yield most implicitly to the man who knows how botli 
 to govern and to be governed. Let no one consent to go 
 farther. 
 
 § 16. I am destroying, ruining, Xvfiatfoftnt, Enterprise, 
 nffiiiif. Leader, guide, r,yffi(uv. Folly, ev>]&iia. Foolish, 
 tvi^x^fjg. Just as, ugntg. 
 
 He will ask for a guide. He will have asked for a guide. 
 They will take the command. They will have taken the 
 command. They will choose a commander. They will have 
 chosen & commander. They will give the pay. They will 
 have given the pay. He will give the pay when due. He 
 will have given the pay when due. I will obey the man 
 whom you shall choose. I will obey the man whom you 
 shall have chosen. I will obey most implicitly the man 
 whom you shall choose. I will obey most implicitly the 
 man whom you shall have chosen. 
 
 Do not ask (*^) a leader of him whose enterprise you 
 are ruining. He pointed out the folly of those who exhorted 
 (them) to ask for boats. After this person, others stood up, 
 showing how foolish it would be to go to the doors of the 
 general and demand pay, just as though he would not give 
 it when due. I am ashamed of my folly in urging you tc 
 preoccupy the pass without the knowledge of the Greeks. 1 
 saw many reasons why they would not neglect themselves. 
 
 (") For the syntax of the verbal ir rioi, see Crosby, § 873,4. KQh 
 ^284.3,(12.) 
 
 («) See ch. 3, note (■) 
 
56 
 
 MBRCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 I 
 
 § 17. / am loth, reluctant, slow, InyH. Whence, from 
 lohence oS... Possible, of such a nature as. ol6r ... Lest, 
 M- Unobserved by ; denoted by l«y»ay^, e. g., I do an, 
 thing unobserved by any one, layQa,^ u,i, „„.«;, ,^ cf. t..^ 
 
 '"""' **■!""' ''»''"' «"P- ^"""'/'V. «"«"'. ^ ^affey. Jr. 
 ^kv, Tfn,^. I sink, (trans.) ,a.a3vu,. I prevent, hinder, 
 
 I am reluctant to do this. I should be reluctant to do this. 
 It IS not possible for me to do this. I must not do this. Wo 
 are reluctant to remain here. They would be reluctant to 
 remam here a long time. He would be reluctant to stay 
 without the consent of Cyrus. What prevents your staying 
 here ? Nothing prevents our staying here a long time. What 
 hmders your going away ? Nothing hinders our going away 
 at once. o b j 
 
 I should be slow to place confidence in the leader whom 
 (^rus should give. We will not follow the guide whom he 
 Bha 1 g,ve, lest he conduct us (to a place) fn>m whence it 
 will not be p^ible to go forth. He went away unobserved 
 by Cyrus. He embarked on board the galleys against the 
 w.shes of Cyrus. I will sink you with all(") your boats.(») 
 What prevents our going away without the consent («•) of 
 Cyrus ? It is not possible for us in going away to escape the 
 observation of the Greeks. He pretends to be in haste. I 
 am m haste. Hasten. 
 
 § 18. I employ, use, /fao/4«,. For what? m what? tt 
 ace. synec. I ask (to find out something), /,„,«;, .or. ^,i 
 fV. Nonsense, mere talk, flvafla (often in the plur.). Simi. 
 
 (") For thia uw of airo!, an Lid. and Sc. gab voce I 4 
 ^t«rd^.a,n^chantman; r,.^,,, . g.Uey ^,fc u,„. b«,k. .f rm 
 (•^ See ^ 13. 
 
 EXERCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 57 
 
 l\ 
 
 far, like, nnQanXi^ffiog, As, such as, ol6gTit(f (the anlecedenl 
 xoioiitog is not comm. expressed). I at least, I for my "part, 
 fyotys. Formerly, ngoa&iv. 
 
 He wishes to employ us. For what does he wish to 
 employ us ? I will ask him for what(*') he wishes to employ 
 us. For what did he wish to employ us ? I asked him for 
 what he wished (optat.) to employ us. He wishes to employ 
 us in besieging the city. He does not wish to employ us a 
 
 long time. 
 
 For what do you wish to employ me ? Po not ask(*') 
 me for what I wish to employ you. Do not ask a leader 
 from this man, to whom you have been fuise. We will go 
 to liis doors and demand the pay which is due. This is fool- 
 ish. This is mere talk. This enterprise resembles such an 
 one as I ©nee (nor«) employed you for. 1 for my part affirm 
 that it is foolish to follow Cyrus. I was formerly reluctant 
 to obey you. The mercenary soldiers pretend to be in haste 
 vO go home. 
 
 
 
 § 19. In a friendly manner, ngog qnXiotp, I dismiss, let 
 gOy a<piijfit. Dangerous, iyitxivdwog. Laborious, inlnovoq, I 
 announce, anuyyilXbi. Here, hither, dsvQo. Zealous, tt^o- 
 &vfiog. 
 
 I will let him go. I will go away. The enterprise ap- 
 pears laborious. This enterprise appears more laborious 
 than the former. If the enterprise appear more laborious 
 than the former, I will not let you go. What does he say ? 
 What docs he say to these things ? Announce here what he 
 Bays to these things. 
 
 After we have heard (part.) for what they wish to em- 
 ploy us, we will deliberate in respect to these things. I shall 
 
 (41) airw, / ask, sc. to get something ; IpuyToi, I ask, sc. to learn 
 tome thing. 
 
 3» 
 
S8 
 
 EXERCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMFOSITIOW. 
 
 demand (^«) that you yield and let me go in a friendly n,an 
 
 ner. Do not go away. It is no time to sleep ; for thii 
 
 enterprise is both laborious and dangerous. Announce her« 
 
 what(^3) they say to these things. What did he say to thes. 
 
 things ? It seems to me expedient that they announce heiB 
 
 what he said to these things. He pretends to follow me zeal. 
 
 ously («) These things will be settled seasonably. 1 know 
 
 not whether we shall go away safely. The paymaster pointed 
 
 out the folly of going away without the consent of Cyrus. 
 
 § 20. Those things determined, resolved on, lU d6lnvia I 
 rep/yy answer, tmoxQtvofAat, 
 
 ^ ' asked iiim for a thousand mercenaries. He promised to 
 give me fifteen hundred. I demanded that he should let us 
 go in a friendly manner. ] inquired of him respecting those 
 things which were resolved on. He will infiict punishment 
 on h.s enemy. He desires to inflict punishment on his enemy. 
 He says that he desires to inflict punishment on his enemy. 
 
 I should be reluctant to punish these men. He lives on 
 the river Mieander, which rises in the palace of Cvrus If 
 the enemy flee(«) we will plunder their country, i consider 
 that you are to me, both native-country and friends. You 
 are an enemy. If the enemy are there, we will punish them. 
 Having inquired of this man respecting those things which 
 were resolved on, they departed. They demanded that he 
 
 •roper. Cf. iptoru and a.Vcu, $ 18, note. 
 
 ihni"f T'' V^" ^''^"'"''"' ^'^''" interro^tires for the direct, an 
 Ihow for the tndirrct que8tion ? See Kuh. § 93, Rem 1 
 
 J 264!3.^^"'' '^'' "'''"'" " '" "^^- ^' ^'"'^y' ^ ^^5, 6(16. Kuh. 
 when the apodoeis is the future ii,dic. 
 
 BXERCISES IW GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 99 
 
 would yield and dismiss ihem in a friendly manner : and he 
 promised to do this and to give them a guide. 
 
 § 21. Suspicion, In Of lu. A ha/f wore, T,fii6lior. Openly 
 ul least, iy ye tw ifuviffuj. I demand in addition, n^oatxnu. I 
 "recite (pay), ^sgw. Apiece, lit. to the soldier. 
 
 He demanded pay. He demanded the pay which was due, 
 I le demanded more pay. He gave them the pay which was 
 due. He promised to give them the pay which was due. 
 They received the pay which was due. They formerly re- 
 ceived the pay which was due. He promised that they 
 should receive the pay which was due. He promised to 
 give them one half more than they formerly received. 
 
 The suspicion that he is leading us against the king is 
 foolish. I already suspect that we are going against the 
 king. I will give you one half more than you formerly re- 
 ceived. Those who went up with him before received two 
 durics a month. He promised the soldiers that if he should 
 succeed well in the object of his expedition, ne would give 
 them ten darics apiece. Not even in that piace was any 
 one(<«) at a loss in respect to these things, t shall not consent, 
 openly at least, to go farther. If(<'^) they oemand addition- 
 al pay, I will give it. 
 
 (••* Cf. oiwoTt — oti^i'f, ^ 5, tl^. 
 
 0»i Set nr le («). 
 
 
60 
 
 EXERCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITIOM. 
 
 ii 
 
 CHAPTER rOURTH. 
 
 ^ §5 1—3 Admiral, ravagxog. Ship, yavg. Sent for, /it. 
 tujiifijTxog. Mercenary, ^,a&o<p6Qog. I join in war against, 
 ovf^TiolffAu,. Well-peopled, oixo»>«rof. I join in an expedition, 
 vvajQajevofiUi, 
 
 The mercenary Greeks arrived. The admiral arrived. 
 We arrived on the ships. The admiral arrived, having been 
 sent for by Cyrus. He sent for the admiral. The admiral 
 was sent for. The admiral must be sent for (verb, in -mo,-). 
 We must send for the admiral. We must send for the ships. 
 I must not do this. I must not send for Cyrus. We must make 
 an expedition against the king. You must not make an 
 expedition against the king. We must make war against the 
 barbarians. I must give pay to the soldiers. 
 
 I was present, having been sent for by him. The admi. 
 ral arrived with the fifty ships from Peloponnesus and with 
 twenty.four others belonging to Cyrus. With these ships 
 they besieged the city sixty days. The mercenary (•) 
 Greeks with Pasion revolted and came to Clearchus. More 
 than fifteen hundred men from Pasion encamped by Cle- 
 archus. The mercenary troops joined in the war against 
 file king. The paymaster remained in that place four'days. 
 This city is well-peopled, large and prosperous. This city 
 is upon the borders of the country. He was commander of 
 
 (») ^VoJ (cf 3 ; 18) i« often used as a euphemism for p.jd,<pApos. 
 
 EXERCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 61 
 
 
 »n ships. The general arrived on the ships. He hastened 
 from Sardis. He made his head-quarters at Sardis. The 
 ship was lying at anchor. This river is about a mile wide. 
 They joined in the war with the Greeks against the barbari 
 ans. He joined in the expedition against his native country. 
 Without a guide, there is no advantage in general or admiral. 
 1 joined in the expedition against the barbarians as a privato- 
 soldier. 
 
 §§ 4 — 5. Narrow, anvog. It is possible, iffji. By force, 
 filtji, I go along, naQi^xofiai. Between, dia pitrov c. gen. To 
 extend doicn, nndr^xfiv. A wall, fortress, ifix^g. I land, 
 (trans.) ano/SifluJ^. Without, tlw c. gen. I overpou^r, flia- 
 ^opai. The outer, 6 fc|o». On the side of, ngi c. gen. Within, 
 ilauc. gen. The inner, 6 iaadiv. Above, vni(jdtv. 
 
 He was guarding the outer fortress. He guarded the 
 inner fortress. He landed men both without and within the 
 gates. He descended into the plain. The fortresses extend 
 down into the sea. A bove, the mountain was rugged and lofty. 
 They heard that Cyrus was in Syria. They heard that Cy- 
 rus had arrived. He heard that Cyrus was in the city. I 
 heard that he had arrived in the city. We heard that he had 
 overpowered the enemy. I heard that you had sent for me. 
 I heard that the enemy were within the gates. 
 
 The way was a wagon-road exceedingly steep and nar- 
 row : wherefore, it was not possible to go along by force. It 
 is not possible to go along by force ; for, the passage is ex- 
 ceedingly narrow. To effect an entrance into the country, 
 I shall send for tlie mercenaiy forces. The mercenary 
 forces were present, having been sent for by Clearchus. Thia 
 river flows between two walls which extend down into the 
 ■ea. I shall be present wherever you land the men. I 
 shall land the lighi-armed-men within and without tlie 
 fortresses. Wherever I am, I think that I shall overpower 
 
 •1 
 
 H 
 
 
 I 
 
I 
 
 '!!i!!Bil 
 
 82 
 
 MEHCIiES IN GREEK PBOSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 my (personal) enemies. Fie .sent for ships that he n.i.hl 
 overpower the enemy, on the outer side of the fortress. The 
 outer fortre^ on the side of Syria was guarded by a 
 garrison of the Icing. The guards stood upon the walls of 
 he city I heard that the guards were standing upon the 
 walls of the city. I hear tha, the enemy are upfn t^outer 
 
 HI 
 
 §§ 6-7. MerchanUhip, IXu^,. To lie at anchor, iau^r. 
 I emiark, go on board (a ship), /^^„.V„. The (things) L/ 
 valuat,e, ra nUlarov u,.a. /„ ,A«. place, there, aUal I a 
 h«>, permit, s„fer, 4u.. I am jealous, ^,lou^or^„.. I pray 
 ^sue earnestly, ,r^„^„, j,/«„„„., a,„„;,. Treach!rou^, 
 8olio(. I retain, have, r^«. 
 
 chor. The ships were lying at anchor in that place. He 
 hastened from Sardia. He made his head-quartors at Cher- 
 «onesus He embarked on board the ship. They en.barked 
 on board the merchant-ship. They placed their wares on 
 board the transports. He placed his most valuable effects on 
 board the transport. He landed the men without the gates. 
 This nver empties into the sea. Clearchus retains the sol- 
 diers Cyrus allows Clearchus to retain the soldiers. I al- 
 owed him to retain the soldiers. He is jealous. He was 
 ealous. He was jealous because I allowed Clearchus to re- 
 lain the soldiers. 
 
 The merchant-ships arrived seasonably. The ships are 
 lymg at anchor not far off. The general landed his men 
 without the knowledge of the garrison; but they went" 
 board the boat again a, if with the intention of sailing away. 
 
 l^ulr- "T^ """■ ""^ "^' ^"'"""^ ««■«'='«• They are 
 wluable friends to whomsoever they are friends. He hearf 
 
 ftat the ships-of-war were lying at anchor in that place. H 
 
 would be foolish to be jealous because he allows ti.e ad. 
 
 BXKRCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 6JI 
 
 miral to retain the transports. He earnestly desired that the 
 men who were missing, as being treacherous, might be taken. 
 He does not yet allow me, having proved traitor to him, to sail 
 away. I see many reasons why Cyrus must not pursue the 
 men who are missing. Of their own accord they pursued 
 llie enemy. I shall inflict punishment upon them if («) they 
 are taken. I shall pity you if you do(3) not take the men 
 who are treacherous and false to you. 
 
 §§ 8-9. Cheerful, i,dk:. I am gone, have gone, olxofim, 
 lelude,^ run away from (by stealth), unodidQaaxw, I escape 
 from, anocfnyui. I pursue, ^/wxo). / treat ill, xax&g noidi. 
 Truly, hy the gods, fta toig atovg (a common form of assever. 
 ation, usually in negative clauses). Base, xaxSg. Towards, 
 nf^l c. ace. / deprive, aif^ai (tw) or ar^^tVxoi. / recover, take 
 hack, inoL^fifliiput, I rob, icjtoavXw, A fish, ixaig. Tame, 
 nQuog. A village, xa,u^. A pigeon, n.^tau^a. Goodness] 
 
 Uftftlj. 
 
 He has run away. He ran away. He has escaped. 
 He escaped. Let him go. Do not go. He has gone. I 
 know that he has gone (part.). I know where he has gone. 
 We do not know where he has gone. He has eluded us ; 
 for we do not know where he has gone. He is base to- 
 wards me. Let him know that he is base towards me. He 
 is baser towards me than I towards him. Let him go, know, 
 ing that he is baser towards me than I towards him. I know. 
 1 see. I shall know. I shall s«^. I knew. I saw. Know, 
 ing. Having seen. 
 
 I shall proceed in company with you cheerfully and 
 taaloiisly, wherever you go. We know where (<) he hai 
 
 6' 
 
 O See ch. 3, («). 
 
 (■) Cn what connections is fifi used instead of a< 
 
 (^ 9ee ch. 3. {**). 
 
 3 
 
tt4 
 
 BXSRCISBS IN GREEK PBOSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 gone, and we have war-ships for taking his boat ; wheiefofOj 
 he has neither eluded us nor escaped from us. He will escape 
 from us, if we do not pursue him. If I make use of a man 
 as long as he is present with me, I will not apprehend him 
 and treat him ill when he wishes to depart. But truly let 
 the enemy well know that it will not be possible to pass alon^ 
 by force. Let him go, knowing that he is baser towards 
 you, than you towards him. They robbed him of his most 
 valuable possessions. He was deprived of his money. They 
 are not able to rob him of his virtue. He took the men on 
 the ground that they were treacherous. He apprehended 
 the man on the ground that he was a traitor to the king. 
 The man was taken (•) on the ground that he was false to 
 the admiral. He shall recover his money. These fishes 
 are large and tame. The villages, abounding in trees of 
 every variety, and full of treasures, belong to the children 
 of the king. He has gone. Where has he gone ? I know 
 where he has gone. They do not allow any persons to harm 
 the pigeons in that place. 
 
 §§ 10-12. I cut off, ixHOTiita. Governor, a^/wy; he who 
 has governed, 6 uff^ag. I bum up, xataxalta. Seasons, a>^ai. 
 I produce, q>via, lam indignant, feel hard, jjfaie^aiVw. / con- 
 ceal, xQV7i7(o. Long ago, ndXcu. And that too, xcu juvtcl 
 JExpedition^ odog, ov, tj. 
 
 I am indignant at you. 1 was long ago indignant at him. 
 He was formerly indignant at me. The former soldiers were 
 indignant at you. This enterprise is greater than the former, 
 [ am sad at the present difficulties. Be not surprised that I 
 nm sad at the present difficulties. He is indignant at me. 
 and that too, knowing my goodness to him. They are angry, 
 End that too, having seen our former goodness to them. 
 
 O Obeenre that iXioKonai is pass, in meaning throaghont, although 
 tt hBB forma both mid and act. 
 
 EXERCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 60 
 
 They cut(«) off the beautiful trees in the park. The 
 governor of Syria commanded them to burn up every thing 
 which {') the seasons produce in that country. Many vines 
 and trees grew (•) in the park. They said that they were 
 not going up against the king to Babylon. He said that he 
 would persuade them to go farther, if it should be necessary. 
 A large and flourishing city in that place was burnt down 
 by (•) the Greeks. It was not possible to persuade the sol- 
 diers to advance, because they were indignant at the gene- 
 rals. I shall not go with you, unless you pay me just eni 
 (much as) the former soldiers who went up with you. They 
 knew these things long ago and concealed them ; and on this 
 account the soldiers were angry at them. This expedition 
 is greater and more dangerous than the former. This enter- 
 prise is similar to the former. He gave much money to those 
 who formerly went up with him, and that too, though they 
 were not going to battle. Let them go, knowing that they 
 are false to their country. The seasons produce all things 
 (which are) beautiful. It is time to go to battle. 
 
 §§ 13-15. Full, complete, iruXi^g. Ought, denoted by /^^'. 
 The greater part, lit. the much, to noXv. Whether—or, note. 
 por— ;. I am grateful, I thank, xuQiv o7da. Apart from, xo^qU 
 c. gen. I get, obtain, ivyxavta. Silver, agyvQior, J decide, 
 vote, ^(fiCto, Back again, ilg tov/iTialiy, 
 
 1 am grateful to you. I know how to be grateful. If 
 any one knows how to be grateful, it is Cyrus. If any one 
 knows how to be grateful, it is I. We ought to be grateful 
 to him. I affirm that we ought to be grateful. / affirm thai 
 
 (•) rii»r«, the generic word, /#<n**/ K6,rru>, I strike, knock, chop 
 wracau (pan. itXfjaaoixa,), I gtrike,8mite ; Kpoiu>, I strike, dash arainat, 
 (») Cf.ch. !,(>»). 
 
 (5) The perf. and 2d aor. of tpvu are intransitive. 
 (•) How is the agent expressed with pass, verbs 1 
 
£XERCISES IN GREEK FROSE COMPOSITlOlf. 
 
 I ' 
 
 we ought to be grateful. I for my part affirm that we ought 
 to be grateful. The other soldiers will go back again. The 
 other party (oJ tiegoi) of soldiers will go back again. The 
 rest of the army went back again. The other army went 
 back again. They encamped apart from the otliers. They 
 encamped at a distance from the other party. 
 
 When we have arrived at tlie city, we shall recover our 
 most valuable possessions. He refused to give full pay to 
 the army. He gave the army four months* pay. Fellow- 
 soldiers, it is plain what we must do. I see many reasons 
 why you must do these things. I know not what reply the 
 rest of the generals will make to Cyrus. I affirm that we 
 ought to depart before it is plain whether the greater part of 
 the army will follow Cyrus or not. It is not plain whether 
 or not he will give us full pay. Fellow-soldiers ! I am grate- 
 ful to you. He spoke these things (as follows). Having 
 spoken these things (the foregoing), he ceased. I shall not 
 cease to be grateful to you. If you will yield to me and 
 decide to follow me, I will give you full pay until I have 
 placed you back again in Greece. We will all go apart 
 from the rest of the army. Without a general, there is no 
 profit in heavy armor. I do not know whether I shall do 
 justly. I do not know whether he will be grateful or not. 
 I know that you will obtain from Cyrus much silver. The 
 greater part of the army decided to follow Cyrus, and that 
 too knowing that they were going against the king. If any 
 one knows how to be grateful, it is Cyrus. ('•) If any one 
 is able to restore the exiles, it is Cyrus. He was long ago 
 angry at me, and that too, though I was most faithful to him 
 Be not angry at me. You are not angry at me. We will 
 not go back again. The interpreter arrived seasonably. I 
 Know not what reply the others will make, but I for my part 
 ■hall decide to follow Cyrus. 
 
 (^ Lit. Cjfrui knows, etc., if a'ly one even another. 
 
 EXERCISES IN GREEK FEOSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 07 
 
 §§ 15-19. It concerns, uiXn c. dat. / am successful, 
 iirr/ui. Magnificently, ftfyalonffmwi. I famish mysef with 
 provmo7is, take in provisions, i'iiani;ofiui. Able to be crossed, 
 a<«^«ioV Except, il fAi Filled, u(ai6g. Com, aitog, Mani. 
 festly, clearly, <ra(fu^:. To give way, give place to, VJtojgwgay, 
 Oil foot, nti^. Fordable, dtuflawg nf^j. 
 
 It concerns me. I do not care. He does not care. They 
 do not care. He manifestly does not care. He says that he 
 docs not care. He said that he did not care (optat., see note 
 (••), ch. 1). He says that the men are present. He said 
 that the men were present. He says that Cyrus will be 
 grateful to us. He said that Cyrus would be grateful to us. 
 He says that the river is fordable. He said that the river was 
 fordable. He says that he shall be pleased. He said that 
 he should be pleased. He is burning up the boats, in order 
 that Cyrus may not cross over the river. He was burning 
 up the boats in order that Cyrus might not cross over the 
 river. He will burn up the boats in order that Cyrus may 
 not cross over the river. He burned up the boats in order 
 that Cyrus might not cross over the river. 
 
 Let us(»') decide and reply at once. They did not de. 
 cide before the enemy arrived. When they ascertained 
 that the enemy had arrived, they decided at once. The 
 enemy have gone. I know not where the enemy have gone. 
 I know how to be grateful. No longer consider me an enemy. 
 He no longer considers me a friend. It shall concern me 
 that you may no longer consider me an enemy. It will not 
 concern me that you may be pleased. The interpreter will 
 not be pleaf^d. I wish you success. He sent me magnifi. 
 cent presents They furnished themselves with provisions, 
 before crossing the river. It was not possible to cross the 
 river at that time except with boats. They burned down the 
 
 
 i 
 
 (") Subjanct. 1 pera. See Crosby, ^ 825. 1. 
 
M 
 
 SXERCISES IN GR££K PROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 BXERCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMPO;jinON. 
 
 69 
 
 villages (which were) filled with corn, and wine, and al) 
 things which the seasons produce. He ascertained that the 
 river flowed through the midst of the city. The river is 
 full of lame fishes. The park abounds in wild beasts. The 
 river Euphrates never was fordable. He said that the river 
 Euphrates was('*) fordable at that time. They said that 
 the river manifestly gave way to the future king. Never 
 before did any one cross over this river on foot. Never shall 
 any one say that I fear to follow the guide whom you may 
 give. He is a most faithful and most valuable friend. They 
 encamped apart from the rest of the army. We do not seem 
 to be encamped far from the enemy. Apart from faithful 
 soldiers, there is no advantage in the virtue of the com- 
 mander. 
 
 (*•) Observe that Xen. emolcvr &k '>.%*!■> '^his*. 
 
 CHAPTER FIFTII. 
 
 §§ 1—3. / grow wear I/, give out, awayo^^Uou Qukkly, 
 taxi. Place, region, roiiog. Level, 6f4al6g, Brush.wood, vl^. 
 Reed, ualafio^. Sweet-scented, ii^^^c. Spices, «^oI^«t«. 
 Ostrich, ciqovdog ^ tAtyiiXti, Bustard, ^tig. Partridge, nigdi^ 
 On the right {hand), h df^t^. Meat, flesh, xgia (nom. sinJ. 
 MQ^ag). ^ Venison, iia^na (sc. n^ia). Tender, analog. Delicious, 
 sweet, f)dvg. A sail, iailoK Wing, nii^vl Not only-hut 
 also, fUv-ii. Foot, novg. Running, with a running pace, 
 ^96fi(o. I lift up, afyu», I fly, ntrofiai. A short distance, 
 ftgaxv. To succeed another, take turns, c. dat. diade/sa&ai. 
 Sometimes, irion. A gazelle, dog*ug. I run, igixio. I run 
 forward, ngoiQix^, 2 draw away from, distance, ujioaTiaofiai. 
 This meat is delicious. This venison is most delicious. 
 In this region were many wild animals. In this country were 
 many and prosperous cities. In this place (town) were many 
 horses. He besieged the city by land. They restored the 
 exile to his native country. 
 
 Whenever the horsemen pursued these animals, they 
 quickly grew weary. The land in this region was a plain. 
 Tliis plain is all level as a sea and it abounds in wild animals 
 of every sort. There are no trees in this region, but it is full 
 of brush-wood and reeds, all of which are sweet-scented as 
 •pices. This place was filled with com and wine and much 
 
 
70 
 
 EXERCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 silver. In this country were ostriches and bustnrJs, and 
 partridges and pigeons. He went, with the river upon the 
 right, a°s far as Tarsus. This meat resembles venison, but is 
 more* tender. This wine is most delicious. The ostrich flees 
 not only running, but also raising (itself) with the wings, just 
 OS though it were using a sail. The bustards flew a short 
 distance, when any one pursued, and quickly gave out. In 
 hunting (») these wild animals the horsemen took turns with 
 their horses. The horsemen caught these wild animals by 
 taking turns with their horses. He sometimes hunted the 
 gazelles on horseback He runs faster than I. We run 
 much faster than you This venison is tender. Sometimes 
 the wild asses ran forward and stood still. The ostriches 
 distanced the horsemen and never gave out. They descend- 
 ed from a rugged and lofty mountain to a plain level as a 
 sea. 
 
 §§ 4—6. / livCy C«w. A mill-sione, oyoi ulijr,g, I obtain 
 in return for, ariayoQuioi. I dig, o^itJiToi. I fail, iJiiUinvi. 
 I subsist upon, I live by eating, diaylyyofiai iadiiav^ I sell, 
 nwAw(6oi). A day*s allowance, xoinl Itisworth,dCvaiai, Hun 
 fer, UfiSg. To flow round, niQi(>^ay. Round about, nvxla. 
 Hay, xoQTog. Bare, tp^X^g, I buy, purcliase, tlyovfiai, aor. 
 
 The river flows round about the city. The city is en- 
 compassed round about by the river. They purchased corn and 
 wine. He purchased wine in the market. It is not possible 
 to purchase wine in this market. He was not able to purchase 
 either com or wine. He purchased delicious meat in that 
 place. The country is bare. The whole country is bare. 
 He is not able to purchase meat in this place, for the whole 
 country is bare. We must purchase com. He perished with 
 
 O J«Mw. Ipuraue, the genenc word : Bn?^ (iu)), Ijmrsue in the eham 
 
 BXEECISES IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 71 
 
 hunger. He was perishing with hunger. The army is per. 
 ishing with hunger. The greater part of the army is perish- 
 ing with hunger. He says that the army is perishing with 
 hunger. He said that the army was perishing with hunger. 
 We must purchase corn and meat ; for the army is perishing 
 with hunger. The army is perishing with hunger ; where- 
 forr, we must purchase provisions. 
 
 He lives by making mill-stones. Those who live in this 
 country obtain com in return for mill-stones which they dig 
 along by the river. When corn failed the army, they sub- 
 sisted upon fish and meat. What do you do for a living ?(*) J 
 dig mill-stones. I carry mill-stones to market and sell them, 
 and get corn in return. How much (3) is a day's allowance 
 of corn worth? For(*) how much do you sell a partridge ? 
 He marches a day*s journey through a desert country, to a 
 deserted city, the name of which is Corsote. While proceed- 
 ing through this country many of the army perished with 
 hunger. The market-place was encompassed round about 
 by the river Mascus. A river of a hundred feet in width 
 encompassed the whole country. A rugged mountain encom- 
 passes the city. It was not possible to purchase com or hay 
 in this place, for the whole country was bare. The inhabit- 
 ants live upon venison. If the corn fails the army, we will 
 purchase meat. 
 
 :i: 
 
 §§ 7 — 9. Quickly, diu laxiitJr. I make (for myself), 
 noioi'fiat. Slowly, axolalwg, I throw, throw atcay, ^inim. 
 Anger, Igyri. Difficult to pass, dvtrnoQBviog, Mud, niilog. 
 A narroio place, arfio/oi^/a. / appear, ifalroftai (causative in 
 
 O Lit Doing what, do you lice? 
 
 (•) ir6oo». 
 
 (*) Tne price is exprnKed i: 
 8 275, 3. 
 
 in the gen. See Ci(«by, § 553. Kflha 
 
72 
 
 EXERCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 EXERCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 73 
 
 the act.). Journey /o^oq. I delay, ^iajql?^- I haU, sit doum, 
 *a»ii;ofiai. The act of taking in provisions, ijiiamaiik' To, 
 for, for the sake of, hixa. Discipline, dxalia, A part, spe- 
 cimen, fiiQog. There, t^&a. To be separated, drawn asunder, 
 diaanaa&aL. Weak, l^a&ir^f. Strong, iaxvQ6g. WaUr,vduHl, 
 Forage, grass, xd6g, o. Costly, nolvxtXr^s. I fight, iiaxofiak. 
 
 A wagon, tifiala. 
 
 He contended with Apollo concerning skill. He fought 
 with the king. He waged war against his brother. He 
 made war quickly. I conquered him in battle. He was 
 conquered in battle by the slave. He happened to be stand- 
 ing upon his war-chariot. He happened to be ridmg m a 
 wacron. He happened to be riding on horseback. They 
 hap^ned to be riding on horseback. He happened to be hunt, 
 ing on horseback. He went away unobserved by Cyrus. 
 They seized upon the heights before us. He continually 
 
 expresses hopes. 
 
 They will be conquered, if any one makes war quickly. 
 He was carrying on war slowly. They immediately cast 
 away their necklaces and bracelets, wherever they happened 
 to be standing. They ran more quickly than any one would 
 suppose. The general, as if in anger, ordered the soldiers to 
 advance, but they refused, on the ground that there was a 
 narrow place and that mud appeared, difficult for the heavy- 
 armed-men to pass. They manifestly (») hastened the whole 
 journey. Make haste. Do not be in haste. He did not 
 delay except where he halted to take provisions. The more 
 quickly you shall have gone, the less prepared will the king 
 be to make war. Then indeed we beheld a specimen of the 
 Persian discipline. If you give your attention, you will be- 
 hold a specimen of the discipline of the army. Be assured 
 that I will go wherever you do. The forces of the king are 
 
 (•) Cf ch. 2, C»). 
 
 •eparated, and on this account his government is weak. The 
 more slowly any one advances against the country of the 
 king, by so much the stronger is his government. This re- 
 gion abounds h water and forage. If the road is steep and 
 impracticable, we will go back again. In this place he built 
 • costly palace. 
 
 §§ 10—12. On the other side, niqav, c. gen. Once, on a 
 certain occasion, noii. Palm-tree , (point Fruit of the palm- 
 tree, fiaXavog l, anh lov (polrtxo;, I take, lead, aya. Millet- 
 flour, altog fiMfjg. I fill up, ijttnlfinXr,tit, Tanned skin, 
 di^aiQa, I sew together, avonuia. I touch, u^iiofiai. Tent, 
 cover, GxiTtaafia. A raft, axsdia. I wet, moisten, fi^ixo). Blow, 
 nXfiyi I inflict (blows), ^tifiaXX,^. I dispute, ufAq>iXiyaj. Steep 
 (down hill, opposed to Z^&iog up hill), ngarng. Hill, y^Xwpog, 
 I throw, cast, ^fit. A stone, Xidog. Wood, ivXov. A ferry, 
 iuifiaaig lov noiapov, I inspect, xataaxoid^^—tjxetpopai^—saxB^ 
 H>afAriv. I split, <rxlJ:o). Very, puXit, 
 
 I will inflict blows upon you (dat.). I will inflict punish, 
 ment upon you. He went up a steep hill. He went down a 
 steep hill. He crossed the river on a raft. They crossed 
 the river in a boat. The skin of Marsyas was suspended in 
 a cave. They sewed together dried skins. We crossed the 
 river on a raft made of dried skins. 
 
 It is not possible to purchase provisions from the city on 
 the other side of the river. And indeed on a certain occasion 
 when the corn failed the army, they purchased provisions in 
 a city not far from the river. The fVuit of the palm-tree 
 most abundant in this country; of this they make wine which 
 they faxe to Babylon and sell, purchasing in return millet- 
 flour. Having filled tanned skins with light hay, they sewed 
 them together so that(«) the water should not touch tiie hay. 
 
 (•) Start \m more common than is in this con^stn^ctio?.. f oIIqw?^ by 
 
r 
 
 ii 
 
 II 
 
 H 
 
 74 EXERCISES IN GREEK PKOSB COMPOSITIO.'*. 
 
 Tliey filled their tent-covcrs with dry hay ; then tliey slitchcl 
 them together so that the water did not touch the hay. They 
 crossed over on rails, so that they were not wet by the river. 
 He will inflict blows upon you for those things in which he 
 supposes he has been injured by you. The river emptier 
 into the sea. Do not dispute (') about these things. He u. 
 indignant and violently angry at you for those things in which 
 he has been injured by you. Be assured that Cyrus is afflict- 
 ed at the present difficulties. The way is excessively steep. 
 They hastened down a very steep hill, and that too with their 
 heavy armor. If you inflict blows upon this soldier, 1 shall 
 be violently enraged at you. I wonder that they have not 
 yet arrived. Be not surprised that I am no longer willing to 
 live you wages. Some cast stones, others threw their axes. 
 At first he threw wood ; but after that, he threw stone.. 
 They rode through the army to the ferry ; and, having m 
 that place inspected the market, they rode away towards their 
 tents He is splitting wood. The whole country was bare ; 
 for there was in it neither brush.woo<l, nor tree, nor reed, nor 
 grass. 
 
 &§ 13—17. / want little, lack little, Ulyov diio. I stone to 
 deaknaialU^- Tamely, ^Q^'^^. I am terrified, Unl^^^o^ai. 
 IJUefor refuge, uarn^^vyuu To be in a bad condition, uana^ 
 ^uv I come to my senses, h //iavioi yiyroi^ai. I put (a thing) 
 in its place, t/^.^«. (tJ) x«.i x^-^- Between, .U tdao. c. gen 
 (with a verb of motion). / stand anned, lidifiai la onla, A 
 knee, yovv Upon the knees (after a verb of motion), «?«« t« 
 
 tf,e infin. they take ,n. S a negative is required, and denote «,meihing 
 ripp^ed, objective ; when followed by the indicative they take ov and 
 denote a /act, something o6;ec«t«e. ... 
 
 (7^ See ch. 3. note O- What is the difference in meaning between 
 the \L and aor. in the dependent moods % See Crosby k 796. etc. Kuh 
 
 EXERCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 11 
 
 flvaia. Behind, later, vvif^og. I assemble, collect, vmayti^m, 
 I desist, navofiai. 
 
 Our affairs are in a bad condition. Your (plur.) affairs 
 are in a bad condition. His affairs, etc. My affairs, etc. 
 I know that my affairs are in a bad condition. I knew that 
 my affairs were in a bad condition. I saw that his affairs 
 were in a bad condition. He came to his senses. He was 
 coming to his senses. He is coming to his senses. They 
 came to their senses. We came to our senses. You are 
 coming to your senses. He wanted little of being stoned to 
 death. I wanted little of perishing. They wanted little of 
 being cut in pieces. He came riding on horseback. He 
 came on foot. He came by the shortest route. 
 
 They wanted little of being stoned to death. They nar- 
 rowly escaped being stoned ♦o death. Do(*) you speak 
 lamely of it, when I have wanted little of being stoned to 
 death ? I entreat you not to do it. The enemy rode towards 
 us, so that(*) our army was terrified and ran to arms. He 
 fled for refuge to his own tent. He fled to the mountains. 
 He escaped to the mountains. Our affairs are in a bad con- 
 dition. If our affairs are in a bad condition, we shall be cut 
 in pieces on this day by the enemy. They were cut in pieces 
 by the barbarians on the same day. On that day, his army 
 happened to be violently enraged at him. When they ascer- 
 tained ('•) these things, they came to their senses and put up 
 their arms in their place. The soldiers immediately ran be- 
 
 (») Spa etc. 
 
 (•) In this section (13) utre stands with the infin. We cannot in 
 
 his place translate it literally, or even in sach a way as to show the 
 
 force of this construction ; but we almost necessarily translate it as wc 
 
 •nould the indie, in the same place. Still, our inability to trantlate the 
 
 expression does not invalidate the distinction above given, note (*). 
 
 (••) wkdlvf/jat, 1 aicertain by inquiry, aiaBlvofim, I ascertain by per' 
 etption. 
 
76 
 
 EXERCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 tween both armies and stood armed. Having placed theii 
 shields upon their knees, they remained behind apart from 
 the rest of the army. They were immediately struck with 
 terror when they beheld the horsemen of tlie enemy riding 
 towards them. They happened to be marching behind, far 
 from the rest of the army. The slower you go against the 
 king, so much the greater army will be collected for him. 
 The later you sell your corn, the more will there be in the 
 market. The earlier you arrive in the country of the king, 
 the less prepared will he be. The faster they fly, the sooner 
 they grow weary. Consider that the faster you go, so much 
 the less prepared (to fight) will you engage with the king. 
 The paymaster thought that the sooner he arrived, the more 
 would he have(*») to pay the soldiers. I am unprepared. 
 Are you unprepared ? 
 
 r") Lit. the more would it be neceeeary for him to prnff, «t8. 
 
 KXBRCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMIOSlflON. 
 
 T? 
 
 CHAPTER SIXTH. 
 
 §§ 1-5. I announce t diayyiXXw. I lie in amhushj ividftnu 
 s. slay, xaiaxalv(a = xaiaxjHKa. I take any one captive, ^wvia 
 iiva ot^cS. A track, footprint, V/viov. A track, beaten track, 
 axi^oq. Useful, xqi^rifJ^og, Profitable, dtq)ikifiog. I conjecture, 
 tixu^oi, A letter, inivjoXri, I write, yquq>ta. I read, avayi* 
 yvwaxta, A remembrance, mention, notice, vnoiivr^fia. I honor 
 before, prefer in honor, ngoTtfioi. Especially, chiefly, fnxkurra. 
 Trial, xglai;. To be kept secret, anog^Tog. Ready, tioifiog. 
 Related by birth, yirei nQoar^xon; Around, mgi c. ace. An 
 adviser, trvf^fiovXog, I summon, nuQaxaXoi, Trusttcorthy, 
 nunog, I bum, xalut, I reconcile, xaxalXaaaoi. 
 
 He is related to me. They are related to him. Is he 
 [see ch. 5, note (•),] related to you ? He is related to the 
 king. Are you related to me ? 1 am related to you. I am 
 writing a letter. Did he write you a letter ? He did not 
 write me a letter. Will you write me a letter ? I will writ 
 you a letter. I am reading a letter. Have you read the 
 letter? I have read (it). What is there in the letter? 
 Tnere are many notices of former friendship in (it). When 
 you have read (particip.) the letter, give it to me. I must 
 not give it to any one. I cannot give it to you. I am not 
 willing to give it to any one. I will not give it to my most 
 trustworthy friend. 
 
 Having been reconciled ( ' ) with Cyrus they said that they 
 
 A 
 
 Q) For one constniction with this word, see ch. 2, ^ 1. 
 
19 
 
 £XfiECISSS IN 6RBBK PBOSE COMPOSITIOIf. 
 
 I 
 
 would prevent the enemy from announcing to the king thai 
 they had seen the army. He promised Cyrus to prevent the 
 enemy from burning the grass and whatever (») was useful 
 to the beasts of burden. Lying in ambush, we will either 
 slay the guide or take him captive. (•) If you would give 
 me all of the horsemen whom(*) you have, I would make the 
 enemy unable ever to restore the exiles. The interpreter 
 seemed to say what was profitable. Having ascended upon 
 the mountains, they beheld the tracks both of men and of 
 horses. The track was conjectured to be that of about fifty 
 horsemen. I wrote a letter to him (saying) that I would 
 come on the next day with all of the pay which the general 
 should give me. 1 read his letter the same day, and there 
 were in it many notices of former friendship. They seemed 
 to be jealous because Clearchus was honored chiefly among 
 the Greeks. The trial is not to be kept secret. He came to 
 his senses when he read the letter. They are ready for you. 
 The men are not prepared. The country appeared (•) to be 
 filled with corn and wine. He seemed to be able to take 
 many of the enemy captive. He is related (•) to the king by 
 birth. Are )ou related to the king ? I am related to Xeno- 
 phon. Bid the generals lead the heavy-armed men, and let 
 them stand in arms around my tent. If he seems to be trust- 
 worthy, I will summon him within as an adviser. 
 
 (f^ tt Ttt does not exprese any doubt as to whether there wa* amf, 
 but is used to supply with greater enraphasis the place of oarij, ioAo«oee<rj 
 vohattover (=ai/ that). Arnold. 
 
 (3) alire. 
 
 (*) See ch. 1, note (}»). 
 
 (») (paivcratt it appears, is spoken pn narily of that which appears to 
 he eye ; SokcT, it teems, is spoken of that which appears to the mind. 
 
 (*) ir(toff,Kbiw ia also used without y^f n in this sense. Thucyd. 1 : 138, 
 OSes the phrase, 0aci\iu>i itp^itiKnwrh rtva Koi ivyytvtXu This may b« 
 * mpared with propinqui cognatique, Cass 1:11. 
 
 EXE&CISES IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 79 
 
 ^ 6-8. BiglU handy diUu. This (of a person or thing 
 present), oltoal. An attendant, a subject, vnr^xoog. In the 
 tight of, nQoi c. gen. (A solemn form of asseveration.) 
 Unjust, udixog. Towards, ntgl c. ace. Just, dlxatog. Openly, 
 ffarf(f6g (adj.). Altar, fitofiog. Assurances, nioxa. At least, 
 fi. More, yet, hi. I repent, fiBra/xikii /4oi. / acknowledge, 
 confess, ofioloyai. I am guilty, a^ixcu. 
 
 I repent. I do not repent. Do you repent ? Does he 
 repent ? He does not repent. Do they repent ? They do 
 not repent. Did he repent ? Did they repent ? He did not 
 repent. They repented. Did you repent ? He did not 
 repent. He affirmed that he did not repent. They affirmed 
 that they did not repent. Did you affirm that you repented ? 
 We affirmed that we repented. We affirmed that we did not 
 repent. We denied that we repented. They affirm that 
 they repent. He denies that he repents. Cyrus asked him, 
 Do you confess that you have been unjust to me ? He said, 
 Yes, for it is inevitable. Cyrus asked him, Do you con- 
 fess that you have plotted against me ? And he replied, If 
 I should confess it, you would never more place confidence in 
 
 me. 
 
 I will never give or receive (the) right hand, since you 
 are a traitor both to me and to my king. If you should en- 
 gage in war, either with me or with my brother, (*) I would 
 quickly make you cease from it. I will never cease from 
 the war, as long as the enemy remain in our land. Are you 
 a relative of this Orontes who is here ? My father used to 
 live upon the river Maeander. My father having given me 
 this Orontes to be an attendant and an adviser, I shall not be 
 reluctant to engage in war with the barbarians. I acknow- 
 ledge both in the sight of gods and of men, that I have be- 
 come unjust towards you. Whatever is just in the sight of 
 
 C) ^ ifi4f d6€\j>iUt mff hroiher ; ifids dSt\(f>^<:, a krolher of miiie 
 
bO 
 
 EXERCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION 
 
 EXERCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITIOK. 
 
 Sk 
 
 gods and of men, that I will do to this Orontes after having 
 advised with you. You have done harm both to me and to 
 my country, in whatever respect you could. I am ashamed 
 because I have both revolted from you, and have been a 
 traitor to you. He pretends to be a friend to my father. In 
 what respect have you been treated unjustly by my brother, 
 hat you now again revolt and become openly an enemy to 
 him ? He went again to the altars of the gods and affirmed 
 tliat he repented. He went back to the city by the shortest 
 route. Having known your own power, did you again en. 
 gage in war with me ? Having read the letter of my\rothei 
 did you again give assurances to the king and receive them 
 from him ? I should never more seem to you at least, to be 
 friendly and faithful to you and your brother, not even if I 
 should become (so) : for, now the fourth time have I been 
 openly plotting against you, and wishing both to slay you 
 and to plunder your country. Is there any thing whatever 
 in which I have injured either you or your subjects 1 He 
 replied that (there was) not. He has done wrong (•) in hav- 
 ing revolted from me, and in having carried on war against 
 my subjects. You did harm to my country and injured my 
 brother, in whatever respect you could. Having gone to the 
 altar, he said, in the sight of gods and men, I revolted from 
 you having never been injured by you. The more you in- 
 jure my brother, the more violently shall I be enraged. 
 
 §§ 9 — 11. So far as this person is concerned, to xari ioi}. 
 top ilvai. Leisure, axoXi Out of the way, innodw. To put 
 «</ of the way, ixnoSuv noina&m. That, so that, itq. Girdle 
 6»»^. Execution, death, ^uvajoq. Grave, iu<pog^ o. Volun- 
 Uirily (as a volunteer), idilovi^g. Kinsman, avyytr^q, 1 speak 
 
 (•) As 4JtVir«a is commonly tranBitive, d6iKu> is often used in the 
 )f the intransitive per£ See Lidd. and Sc. sub voce. 
 
 freely, exhibit, uitoipulyofiai. I do well by, ev noiai, 1 advise, 
 fvftl3ovX(V(a, I do homage to, n^ogxvtia {tot) {^(fog^ xvrat (6<o), 1 
 kiss.) I lead out, lead forth, i^u/a. 
 
 Some conjectured one thing, some another (lit. others con^ 
 jectured in another manner.) Some said one thing ; some, an- 
 other. Some advised one thing ; some, another. Some per- 
 ished in one way ; some, in another. I am putting the man 
 out of the way. We will put this man out of the way. Has 
 he put the man out of the way ? Cyrus asked him, Have 
 you put the man out of the way ? Put this man out of the 
 way at once. I am doing you a favor. I wish to do you a 
 favor. I have leisure to do you a favor. Have you leisure 
 to do me a favor ? We have leisure. He has leisure to put 
 this man out of the way. So far as this man is concerned, I 
 have leisure to do you a favor. So far as this man is con- 
 cerned, we have leisure to burn the villages. We will put 
 .his man out of the way that we may have leisure to do well 
 by our friends. We put this man out of the way that we 
 might have leisure to ward off our enemies. 
 
 Do you, my friends, speak freely your minds whatever 
 seems good to you. He was formerly a friend to us, but sub- 
 sequently having revolted to our enemies, he in many respects 
 did mischief to our country. At first he said, I am not guilty, 
 but afterwards he confessed every thing. So far as this person 
 is concerned we shall have leisure both to do well by our 
 friends and to harm. our enemies. I advise that we put him 
 out of the way as quickly as possible. We will put this man 
 who has been false to us out of the way, that it may no(*) 
 k)nger be necessary to guard against him. It is no longer 
 necessary to guard against this man, for we have already put 
 him out of the way. Those who formerly did homage ('•) to 
 
 (•) Why is the negative fiii employed here ? 
 
 (*^ Observe the distinction which Xen. makes here (§ 10) (>etweeB 
 die imperf. and aorist. 
 
 
52 
 
 XXfiRCISBS IN GREEK FROSE COMPOSITIOH. 
 
 RVERCISBS IN GREEK PROSE JOMPOSITION. 
 
 tliis man, nt that time by the command of Cyrus seized him 
 by liis girdle for execution. His former subjects were lead, 
 ing forth the king himself for execution. The same men, be- 
 fore it was plain whether Cyrus would bid them or not, hav. 
 ing taken the exile, led him away for execution. Some con- 
 jecture one thing ; some, another. No one evcr(") saw the 
 grave of Orontes. No one ever will see the grave of Orontea, 
 The sooner we put this man out of the way, the more leisure 
 shall we have to benefit those who are voluntarily our friends. 
 Upon this, all, even the kinsmen of Orontes, rose up of their 
 own accord and seized him by the girdle. Have you leisure 
 to go with me ? They have leisure so far as I am concerned, 
 to inflict punishment upon their enemies for what they sup- 
 pose they have been injured, and to assist their friends in re« 
 turn for the favors which they have received. 
 
 C*) tuiwon, at atgg tint* fet, hitherto; vtrf, mt atm tiwb». 
 
 CHAPTER SEVENTH. 
 
 $§ 1 — 4. About midntght, nfQl fiiaas yixiag. Later, wrr* 
 fo». A link later, ov noXi vatt^ov. Morning, twg. The fol- 
 lowing morning, ^ iniotaa iwg. At break of day, iifia rfj r,fidga, 
 A deserter, aviofioXog. See that (how that) ojiwg c. fut. indie. 
 (The ellipsis of oga or o^mk before onag is frequent.) Liberty, 
 freedom, ikivdiqia, Imtead of, in preference to, uvit, MuU 
 *itude, numbers, nXrt&og. Great, much, nolvc. Shouting, 
 »i^nvyrj. Superior to, xQuiiutv, c. gen. Manifold more, nol' 
 XimXuaiog, Envied, C^^oito;. Bold, brave, ivtoXfiog. I pos 
 sess, xixTTifiai, I think, pronounce happy, congratulate, ildatr 
 ftovlj^bi. I endure, avixofiai. 
 
 At what time {nr,vUa) did he arrive ? He arrived about 
 midnight, — at break of day. When {noxt) did they arrive ? 
 They arrived on the next day — at the dawn of the following 
 day — on the same day — shortly after the deserters — upon the 
 following morning — a little earlier than the heavy-armed men. 
 They will come on slowly. They will come on as quickly 
 as possible. They will come on with much shouting. I will 
 endure tliese things. I shall not endure these things. If you 
 endure these things, I will praise you. If you do not endure 
 these things, 1 shall not praise you. If you shall have en- 
 dured these things, I will praise you. Do not endure these 
 things. Be not in the habit of enduring these things. 
 
 They were cut in pieces by the barbarians on the same 
 Jay in the passage over the mountains. Having arrived a 
 
 II 
 
 I 
 
S4 
 
 EXERCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMPOS. TlOIf. 
 
 little later than we, they went in between both armies and 
 stood in arms. Having arrived much earlier than I, he had 
 leisure to review his army. He viewed both the Greeks and 
 the barbarians, while riding along upon a chariot. The king 
 will fight on the following morning. Messengers arrived 
 saying, that the admiral would come at the dawn of the fol 
 owing day. Deserters arrived at break of day. The king 
 will come to fight (') on the following day. He called to- 
 gether those who were friendly to him and trustworthy, to 
 deliberate how(') he should order the battle. No one ever 
 knew how he died. See that ye be men worthy of your 
 fathers. They are not worthy of the liberty they possess. 
 You know well that tlicy think us happy for the liberty 
 which we possess. Be assured that I would choose liberty 
 in preference to all that I possess. (■) See that ye endure the 
 great numbers and shouting of the enemy. I took you as 
 being superior to many barbarians. He paid them all which 
 he had, and promised other things manifold more. He who 
 wishes to go home, shall go away envied by those at home. 
 If you endure the multitude and the shouting of the enemy, 
 you will become bold, and I will make you to be envied by 
 those at home. 
 
 §§ 5 — 9. Some, iviot. 1 satisfy, iftnlnXTjfii, Cold^ ^e<^oI»' 
 Heat, Mavfia. Master of, iyxgaxt]g. A crovm, atiqiavog. Enough, 
 sufficient, ixotvog. Paternal, naiQMog. Somehow, ntug (end it.). 
 Behind, onia&iv. The foremost, ol nqoa&tv. Up to, ftixQ^ or 
 *«»/?'?. To (the region) where, ftixQ^': ov, I remember, fiiuvti- 
 urn. North, ugxjog. South, fiiarjfi^Qla, Where, 
 what direction, nrj. Without battle, afiaxn. 
 
 nov. In 
 
 (') Observe the difference between the English and the Greek idionL 
 (■) We have here irun in an indirect question : instead of which owmi 
 would be more common. Cf. Wj and oarti. 
 
 (') 'Ex"* J have, «rwrij/i«i, / have acquired^^ /jmmmm.^ 
 
 EXERCISES IN GREER PROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 85 
 
 Where has your brother gone ? He has gone homo 
 Where has your father gone ? He has gone to the north. 
 He has gone to the south. When did he go ? He set out to. 
 day (See 5 : 16, or more familiarly, TtfAegov). At what time 
 did he go ? He went at the break of day— about midnight. 
 I remember. He remembers. He would remember. I give 
 pay. He gives pay. If he should remember, he would give 
 pay. Some persons say that if he should remember, he would 
 give pay. If he should remember, he would be able to give 
 pay. Some persons say that if he should remember, he 
 would be able to give pay. He gives what he promises. He 
 will give what he promises. If he remember, he will give 
 what he promises. Some persons say that if he remember, 
 he will give what he promises. 
 
 An exile who was friendly and faithful to us happened to 
 be present on that day. If you are a brother of mine,(<) you 
 will not flee. If you are my brother, you will not run away. 
 If you fight («) with me, you will be defeated. («) If you 
 should fight with my brother, I would make you to be 
 envied. (») If you should fight with my brother, some per- 
 sons say that you would not be able to conquer him. If you 
 should fight with a brother of mine, you would not be able to 
 conquer him. He is not able to satisfy the mind of all. Men 
 are not able to dwell in that region on account of the cold. I 
 fear that I shall not be able to dwell in that region on account 
 of the heat. We will make our friend master of the city. A 
 friend of ours gave to each of us a golden crown. I am afraid 
 that I have not friends enough to whom I may give the pater- 
 
 (<) See ch. 6, (»). 
 
 (») This condition is evidently different from the preceding. See ch. 
 
 (•) What word is commonly, used as the pass. ofvtKu (aw) ? 
 O This form of hypothetical proposition is expressed by ei with tht 
 •plat in the condition and S» with the optat. in the conclusiorL 
 
 I 
 
 ! 
 
 i 
 
iO EXERCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 nal government. He spoke somehow as follows. How (•) 
 did he speak ? If he is a child of mine, he will not fight (•) 
 behind the others. He is my child, wherefore he will not fight 
 behind the foremost (those in front). My paternal govern 
 ment extends both towards the north and towards the south to 
 that region where men are not able to dwell ; so that(**) I do 
 not fear to promise many things. They sewed together skins, 
 having filled them with dried hay, so as not to be wet in cross- 
 ing the river. I fear that (>•) he will be conquered. I fear 
 that he will not conquer. I remember those things which I 
 promised long ago. Let us not fight with the masters of the 
 country. They will not become masters of the country with- 
 out battle. 
 
 §§ 10 — 20. / am too late for^ laiiQut c. gen. Before^ 
 ffrevious tOj n^h c. gen. / desert, avto/ioXui. Dug, oQimiog. 
 Ditch, tuifQog. Deep, /Jw^t'?. In the midst of, at the midst of, 
 nma fiiaof. I speak the truth, speak truly, uXrj&nu. Prophet, 
 soothsayer, fidyrig. I abandon the idea (of doing any thing), 
 ttTtoyiyvatditu), I am free from care, without Care, ufifXoi. TaU 
 rnt, ralaviov. Then, accordingly, a()a (denoting an inference 
 which follows naturally, in accordance with what might be 
 expected). In the midst between, fiua^v c. gen. (with a verb 
 of rest). 
 
 Did he arrive before the battle ? Fie arrived after the 
 battle. He was too late for the battle. Many of the enemy 
 were taken. They took many of the enemy captive. The 
 oassage is narrow. The passage between the river and the 
 
 EXERCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 89 
 
 11 
 
 (•; See KGh. § 94, («>). 
 
 (•) Of the futures, ^oj^^tff^^ai, /4a;^^<ro^ai»f<ax''^A""> ^hich wat the ordi> 
 avy Attic word ? 
 
 (»•) Seech. 5: §§ 10— 12, («). 
 
 ("; After verbs of fearing, /i<= ne ; fih ui» ut» 
 
 ditch is narrow. There is a narrow passage bet*'eeii the 
 river and the ditch. There is a narrow passage between 
 the mountains and the sea. The river flows between the 
 mountains and the sea. (See 4 : 4.) Does he speak the 
 truth ? Can he speak the truth ? Does he wish to speak 
 the truth ? Does he know how to speak the truth ? I gave 
 him a talent because he spoke the truth. I will give you 
 • talent, if you speak the truth. 
 
 This general being on the march from his own country, 
 was too late for the battle by three days. He arrived after 
 the battle on the following day. He arrived before the bat- 
 tle. He arrived later than I. He arrived earlier than I, 
 with ten thousand heavy-armed men. He was present in the 
 battle with two thousand horse. Those of the soldiers who 
 deserted from me announced these things to the great king. 
 At the dawn of the following day, deserters from the enemy 
 announced the same things. In that place, a deep ditch was 
 dug from sea to sea ; and it was impracticable for an army 
 to cross it. In the midst of this march they crossed a deep 
 river. In the midst between these places, is my paternal 
 government. Five canals very deep, about twenty-five stadia 
 apart, flow from the Tigris and empty into the Euphrates. 
 The pass was a wagon-road, very steep. There was a nar- 
 row passage between the mountain and the sea. He dwelt 
 in the midst between these places. We beheld many tracks, 
 both of men and of horses. At break of day we saw the 
 track of about ten thousand horses. I promise him a talent, 
 if he shall have spoken truly. If we shall have become 
 masters of this country, we will make this city great and pros- 
 perous. Tlie soothsayer said, the enemy will not fight (these) 
 en days. The king will fight on the tenth day.('") His 
 brotlier withdrew and gave up the idea of fighting on that 
 
 *■ ■ — III ^^^^,.M II. 
 
 (W) Obeerve that the expreseion with the ordinal number is in the 
 dit. ; with the cardinal, in the grn. 
 
98 
 
 £X£BCIS£S IN GR££K PROSE COMPOSITKlf. 
 
 I 
 
 day. The king did not fight ; wherefore they marched more 
 free from care. He gave up the idea of crossing the river 
 He read the letter. He sat upon his chariot reading the let- 
 ter. He gave the man a talent because he spoke the truth. 
 If you speak the truth I will give you twenty talents. If you 
 lihall have spoken truly, I will make you to be envied by 
 the men at home. If you should speak the truth, I would 
 promise you much money. If the king does(") not(**) fight 
 (these) ten days, then he will not fight at all (more lit. after 
 that). At that time the king fought on horseback. The king 
 always rode upon a war-chariot. He never abandoned the 
 idea of fighting. He will fight no longer. He will never 
 fight. He fought long ago. He once fought on horseback. 
 On the same day he was riding along upon a chariot. On 
 that day, he rode along upon his chariot. On the former day, 
 he abandoned the idea of advancing so as to fight with 
 the Greeks. On the next day he abandoned the idea of with- 
 drawing, so tliat he fought with the barbarians. He withdrew, 
 so that he did not fight for ten days. At the dawn of the fol- 
 lowing day, he withdrew so as not to fight. He will fight on 
 the tenth day. They announced these things. They an. 
 nounced the same things. 
 
 (W) Observe that a conditional clause denoting future time is trmnsla 
 ted by the Eng. present. 
 
 (**) The use of ov in this conditional clause is apparently an ezcep 
 don to the rules above given for the use of the negative. Many edition* 
 (that of Kruger among them) have /<>> in this place. If oi be the tma 
 eading it was probably used as a repetition of the language, oi fiax'trat, 
 ptC above: and the negative rests on the particular notion confAined io 
 the verb. Cf. Jelf, § 764. 
 
 KZRBCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMIOSITION. 
 
 CHAPTER EIGHTH. 
 
 u 
 
 §§ 1 — 7. In the Greek language^ like a Greek, 'LkXtjrtx&s. 
 Immediately y aliUa, Breastplate, ^wqu^. A dart, naXtop, 
 Hand, jff/^. Next, i/ofxevog. Lieutenant, vnagxog. At fuU 
 tpeed, ma xQUTog. Uncovered, bare, ipdog. When, rytxa. 
 Confusion, luqaxog. Haste, (rjiovdrj. 1 halt (unloose), x«ra. 
 ii/w. To he full, TtX^&eiv. I leap down, xaxanrfiiu. I mount, 
 uvapaivtu. I cry out, pou. I fall upon, make an attack upon, 
 intninTo), I put on, ifdvta. Head, xeipal^, I appear, appear 
 before, ngotpaivopai, I meet, ivxvyxavw. Without order, 
 araxtog. 
 
 He is putting on his breastplate. Is he putting on his 
 breastplate ? He put it on at break of day — about the hour 
 of full market. I mount a horse. Has he (aor.) mounted 
 his horse ? He has not mounted his horse. The lieutenant 
 has mounted his horse. I ride at full speed. I ride on horse- 
 back. Is he riding on horseback? He is riding at full 
 speed. He rode at full speed. He mounted his horse and 
 rode at full speed through the plain. I meet any one. Did 
 you meet the man. I did not meet him. He met the lieu, 
 tenant. He happened to be riding on horseback. He hap. 
 pened to be putting on his breastplate. They happened to 
 be without order. He leaped from his horse, and took 
 darts into his hands. He rode with his head uncovered. 
 
 He halted in the plain, not far from (the place) where the 
 Cilicians kept guard. Wherever we are, we intend to hall 
 
00 
 
 EXKRCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITIOll. 
 
 EXERCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 01 
 
 i 
 
 about fuIUmarket time. Leaping down from his cimriot, he 
 mounted his horse, and cried out in the Greek language that 
 the enemy were coming, apparently prepared for battle. See 
 that ye be worthy of your liberty, for the enemy are near, 
 and will immediately make an attack upon us. Having put 
 on his breastplate, he took darts in his hands. He did not 
 come into the power of his brother, while he remained there 
 The general occupied the left wing, and the lieutenant was 
 next. He is riding at full speed, with his head uncovered. 
 They were about to halt, when(') the enemy appeared at a 
 distance from them. I suspect that he will make an attack 
 upon them(«) immediately. I already fear that the enemy 
 will make an attack upon them. . When the Greeks thought 
 that the horsemen would fall upon them while without order, 
 much confusion arose among them. He met a messen<Ter 
 riding at full speed. He put on his breastplate with much 
 haste. The enemy are coming with an outcry, apparently 
 prepared for battle. They went to their tents with laughter. 
 
 §§ 8 — 13. A nation, t&ro?, Nation by nation, uata iOvfi. 
 Considerahly, ai'/jor. To leave an interval (of place or lime), 
 dtalilneiv. A cloud of dust, xorioQioi;. Blackness, thick dark- 
 ness, ftfXavia, A cloud, vtq)ilr). Slowly, fiffndiotg. Practica . 
 ble, possible, uwaiov. Silently, atyij. In plain sight, ttatn 
 ^uvriq. Afternoon, dtlXr]. Quietly, noiselessly, tjirvzf,, A 
 scythe, d^tinavov. Armed with scythes, dotTiat^qiogog. Axle, 
 al^oov. Obliquely, sideways, ng nhtyiov. Extend from, uno- 
 rtlyta. Plan, yraifiT]. Centre, fiiaor. On both sides, ixarifj»- 
 &w, I break through, diaxoTttta. I drive, iXwvpto, I am 
 
 (') hfiKa denotes the precise time in distinction from Srt which is 
 more general. Cf rijviVn as distinguished from T6Tt', wtit>Ua, from Tt6^\ 
 
 ^mf|¥^Kat from hndrt, 
 
 (•) Oheerve that a'piti m the text is indirectly reflexive. 
 
 icceivnL ipfvdofim. To be well, to go well (abs. or c. dat.), 
 uulbji t/ut, I take care, fiilu fjiot. 1 surround, xvxXm. To 
 surpass, to be over and above, nf(^iuvai. How 1 niuq, I come 
 on, nQoiHiii. 
 
 I proceed. How did they proceed ? They proceeded 
 slowly. He proceeded as slowly as possible. We proceeded 
 as fast as possible. He came on silently and quietly. A 
 considerable time afterwards they proceeded. A short time 
 afterwards they were in plain sight. Has he arrived ? He 
 has not yet arrived. He arrived about mid-day — about mid- 
 night — at break of day — in the afternoon (gen.) — after the 
 battle — before the battle— during the battle. You will not 
 take the city without battle. He was too late for the battle. 
 They came on, nation by nation. They proceeded at a con- 
 siderable distance from one another. 
 
 They proceeded, nation by nation, at a considerable dis- 
 tance apart from one another. The cloud of dust, as it were 
 thick darkness, appeared on the plain. A cloud appeared 
 on the right. When they were nearer, they beheld the great 
 multitude and heard the shouting of the enemy. They 
 quickly beheld in the plain many horsemen and chariots 
 armed with scythes. They advanced slowly and not with 
 an outcry as Cyrus said, but as silently as possible. 1 went 
 as fast as I could. About the middle of the day, the enemy 
 were in plain sight. He came in the afternoon. They made 
 an attack upon the city about midnight, as quietly as possible. 
 They had many scythes extending obliquely from the axles 
 of their chariots, with which they broke through whatever 
 they met. They ran as fast as they could, that they migh 
 break through whatever they met. The plan was apparently 
 to drive through the midst of the plain, and to break through 
 whatever they met. They advanced slowly and at a con- 
 siderable distance from one another. They proceeded, nation 
 by nation, as silently as possible. He was deceived in re. 
 
92 
 
 EXERCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITIOW. 
 
 spect to the outcry and the confusion of the barbarians. Thej 
 drove against the enemy's centre, because the king wai 
 there. It was their plan apparently to drive against the right 
 wing, because tliey ascertained that the king was there. If 
 he conquers the centre of the enemy's line, he has donn 
 all. (») He took care that it might go well with Cyrus. He 
 said that if he should succeed well, he would take care to 
 make each man envied by those at home. He feared that 
 the army would be surrounded on both sides ; seeing that the 
 king surpassed the Greeks very much in numbers. I am 
 not willing to draw my army away from the river, for I fear 
 that we shall be surrounded by the enemy. The more he 
 surpassed them in numbers, the more did they fear that they 
 should be surrounded. I fear that we shall not surround the 
 enemy on all sides. 
 
 §5 14-20, In an even linty vfiaXoJg. In the same placet 
 
 h Tw ovrip. In either directiouy ixaiigtaai, A noise, Oo^v^o^. 
 
 Rank, Ta;<c. Watchword, avv^rtfAo. Preserver, amr,^, Vic- 
 
 tory, vlxT), Against, opposite, ayjtog. Sacrifice, Ufjov. Vic. 
 
 Um, atfdyiov. To run hastily, dgofna ^uy. Spear, dufjv. 
 
 Without, destitute of, xevog c. gen. There is or was one who, iajt¥ 
 
 Oiiig. I advance, nqoupi, (n^oetfii, I go forward ; n^ogftfti, I 
 
 go to, towards). I look away, aJioflUnu, I pass along, noQt'ff. 
 
 XOfiai, To be apart, diixuv. I meet, awanCt, I raise the 
 
 battle-cry, ntli^to. I make a loud noise, dovnai, I give way, 
 
 iuxXlifOi, I shout, (f&tyyofiai. I reach, ihxyoifiat. I take my 
 
 place in the line of baUle, xa&laia^ai tlq ti^v dftaviov raUy. I 
 
 §ee before, ngooQai. Am struck with terror, ixnlnxxofiui. To 
 
 Hand asunder, duinna9ai. Am hit with an arrow, loUvo/iat, 
 
 I ride up, vntXaiioK 
 
 (») The pres. or perf sometimes stands in place of the fature, f d» 
 •ote the certainly of the fiit. event. 
 
 EXERCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 93 
 
 Obs. The negative ov in a question, anticipates an affirm- 
 ative answer ; the neg. firi, a negative answer ; e. g. «^' ov 
 naQtiV ; may be rendered, was he not present ? or, lie was pre- 
 sent, was he not ? uqu fiif nagijv ; he was not present, was he ? 
 
 The enemy are giving way. Are the enemy giving 
 way ? Are not the enemy giving way ? The enemy are 
 not giving way, are they ? They cried aloud. They made 
 a loud noise. They shouted. They raised the war-cry. 
 What is the watchword ? He inquired what the watchword 
 was. He inquires what the watchword is. He was inquir- 
 ing what the watchword was. Was he not inquiring what 
 the watchword was ? Did he not inquire what the watch- 
 word was ? He did not inquire what the watchword was, 
 did he ? He began to go against the enemy. He rode up 
 80 as to meet Cyrus. He broke through whatever he met. 
 
 The enemy were advancing in an even line ; but(*) we 
 were yet remaining in the same place. He looked away in 
 either direction, but he did not see the enemy. Much con- 
 fusion was created, and a noise passed along through the 
 ranks. While the watchword was passing along the first 
 time, they inquired what it was : and he(*) replied, («) Jupiter 
 the Preserver, and Victory. He rode along not very near to 
 the army as silently as possible. He rode up so as to meet 
 the general. He exhorted (him) to tell all whom he chanced 
 to meet, what the watchword was. He rode away upon his 
 chariot to his own place. They were distant from one an- 
 other about five stadia, when the general began to go against 
 the enemy. I will go against the enemy at daybreak. I 
 
 {*) It is desirable that the learner shoald accustom himself to the use 
 rfthe currelative particle^ fily and 8L 
 
 (*) Kal Of, or h 8i. The former phrase refers only to persons. Ct 
 ^ 1. (•). 
 
 (•) in is often used to introduce a direct quotation In such a case, 
 •e cither do not translate it, or else express the clause as orat. obliqna. 
 
94 
 
 BX£&CISES IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 met them in the afternoon. We chanced to meet iiim abotiv 
 full market-time. The victims are favorable and all will be 
 well. The city is about ten stadia distant. They all raised 
 the battle-cry to Enyalius, and began to run hastily. They 
 all advanced in an even line, for the ground was ieve! as a 
 sea. He spread fear among the horses of the enemy by 
 making a loud noise with his shield (clashing) against hif 
 spear. If we conquer the enemy's centre, they will give 
 way and flee. When they saw the enemy giving way, they 
 all shouted, and at the same time began to run. The bow. 
 men are not yet able to reach the barbarian army. When 
 he heard what the watchword was, he said,(') Well, I re- 
 ceive it, and let this be (the watchword). Do not run hastily, 
 but follow in military- order. I entreat you not to run hastily 
 He did not run hastily, for the place was rugged and he saw 
 the enemy advancing slowly. They took their places in the 
 line of battle with much haste, and having conquered the 
 enemy, they pursued in military order. While he was view, 
 ing the army, he beheld a man riding up at full speed, and 
 crying out to all whom he met(*) the barbarians are coming. 
 He observed (•) them (after they had been) drawn up in 
 companies of horse and of infantry. The scythe- bearing 
 chariots, without drivers, were borne through the midst of 
 the army. Without military order, there is no advantage in 
 the multitude of our soldiers. Some of the chariots were 
 borne through the plain ; others, to the mountains. Some, 
 when they beheld the chariots before (them), fled ; others, 
 were cut in pieces. No one sufl^ered any thing (lit. nothing). 
 Some, being struck with terror, were taken ; others, stand. 
 
 O 'AXXa is often used in connections like this, and may be ex]trcsBed 
 I7 the Eng. word well. 
 
 (•) See («) sap. 
 
 (*) KaTaO-iiiiai (atftat), I view by looking down upon; Bi<apCi (ita),I 
 • tfeetmtor, J ohterve. 
 
 EXERCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 95 
 
 ing apart, suflTered nothing. The more they were terrified, 
 the more they suffered. Some upon the right wing; others 
 upon the left, were hit with arrows. The bowmen were not 
 able to reach any one (lit. no one). There was one who was 
 left behind. 
 
 ^§ 21 — 24. Strenglhy iaxvg. Safe, aa(f>ah\q. I am induced, 
 i^uyofiat. Opposed to, along by, xara c, ace. Then, tvda. 
 The (pari) IrfU ^o inilHnofihvov. Yet, nevertheless, ofnag. 
 To extend beyond, i'Jcw yiyvia&ai. Half, r,fiiavg. 
 
 His strength is upon both sides. His forces are upon 
 both sides. Where are his forces ? They are around him. 
 They are on both sides of him — behind him — in front of him. 
 He slew the commander. Did he slay the commander ? He 
 slew the commander, did he not ? He did not slay the com- 
 mander, did he ? He slew the commander with his own 
 hand. 
 
 No one of those drawn up in front of us suffered any thing. 
 If he needs to announce any thing to the army, they will 
 quickly and easily perceive (it). If he should desire to an- 
 nounce any thing to the army, they would thus in half the 
 time perceive (it). He supposed that if he should desire to 
 announce anything to the army, they would ('•) perceive (it) 
 immediately. If his strength is on both sides, he will be in 
 the safest (condition). He viewed the army in both direc- 
 tions, while riding along not very near to it. He was not 
 induced to pursue the enemy, as long as they remained in 
 the plain. While he was observing what that part of the 
 phalanx opposed to him would do, a messenger arrived, 
 laying that the left wing was giving way. Then indeed, 
 with the centre of his army he began to move forward. When 
 that part of the army which was left began to run hastily, 
 
 (*•) Do not omit Sy in the apodosis of this sentence and the preceding 
 
96 
 
 EXERCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 EXERCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 97 
 
 the Greeks all shouted. Though he occupied the centre of 
 his phalanx, yet it extended beyond the enemy's wing. 
 Though he stood in the centre of his own (") phalanx, yet 
 he was struck with terror. He stood between his own pha- 
 lanx and that of the enemy. I should be reluctant to stand 
 in front of the army. Those who stood in the rear of the 
 army feared that they might be surrounded. I will go against 
 the enemy. Will you go against the enemy ? So far as this 
 person is concerned, we will not fear that our own army will 
 be cut in pieces. It is time to go against the enemy. The 
 left wing gave way and fled. They conquered and pursued 
 that (part of the army) against themselves. Having put to 
 flight those who were drawn up before the king, they pur- 
 sued them with an outcry. So far as this person is con- 
 cerned, we shall have leisure to pursue their army. With 
 his own hand he slew their commander. Having in the first 
 place put this person out of the way, we shall then have 
 leisure to view both the companies of horse and of infantry. 
 
 §§ 25 — 29. Eye, oq^&uXfiog. I hit, strike (with a dart or 
 javelin), axovtliu. Breast, aii^vov. I woundy pierce, niQta- 
 ^xw. / smile, strike, nam. A servant^ ^tqantar, I faU^ 
 nhiu, I fall upon (not in a hostile sense), ntffinlmvt (lit. 
 [fall around). I lie, xtlfiai. I wear, <fOQbj, Like, just as, 
 a>s,*7Kf(>. A Inble-companion, ofiotQaTit^og. A rout, rQonrj. I 
 scatter, Siaanflgta. Except, except that, nXr^¥. Mostly, a^idoy. 
 I honor, iifioi. For, on account of, dia c. ace. Fidelity, 
 fiKnojrig. I slay, slaughter, aipatitth I draw, and (dot). Ire- 
 strain myself, avixofiai. 
 
 (}^) Observe the difference in the position of la«roS=sairoJ^ and of 
 miroi or airwv ', e. g. h i<r;^d( avrvJv, bat h airdv io'xyi. The reflezives of 
 the 1st and 2d persons have the same position as those of the 3d person 
 So also the possessive adj. pronouns. 
 
 I fall upon (in a hostile sense). We will fall upon the 
 enemy. The enemy will fall upon us. The enemy will 
 fall upon us immediately {avxUa is predicated of fut. 
 time). Let us fall upon the enemy immediately. (The sub- 
 junctive denotes a fut. event conceived in the mind.) Let 
 us not fall upon the enemy. They thought that the enemy 
 would fall upon them immediately. I fall upon (in a friendly 
 sense). They fell upon him. Did they fall upon him? 
 They immediately fell upon him. Did they not all fall upon 
 him ? They did not all fall upon him, did they ? They all 
 immediately fell upon him. They leaped from their horses 
 and fell upon him. I pierce. They pierced him. They all 
 pierced him through the breast— through the breastplate- 
 through the hand— through the foot— through the head- 
 under the eye— under the right eye— through the neck- 
 through the right foot. 
 
 The bravest of those around him, while fighting for him, 
 were slain. ( '2) A certain person hit him with a dart 
 under the right eye, while fighting for himself. He was 
 pierced by a certain person through the breast. With his 
 own hand he smote the king upon the breast. His most faith- 
 ful servants, when they saw that the bravest of their own 
 army were slain, and that the king himself had fallen, leaped 
 from their horses and fell upon him. The commander him- 
 self was slain, and many of the bravest men lay upon him. 
 He used to wear a golden necklace, and the other (orna- 
 ments) like those who were called the table-companions of 
 the king. At that time indeed the rout commenced ; for 
 they saw that the commander had fallen, and that the bravest 
 men were slain. Having routed those who were in front of 
 themselves, they rushed in the pursuit and were scattered 
 except a very few (who) yet stood around the general, mostly 
 
 ("^ itoBvfiaKUi is often in idea a pass of drro«T«f»&». 
 
 5 
 
98 
 
 EXERCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITIOTl. 
 
 BIERCISES IN GREEK FROSE COMPOSITION* 
 
 M 
 
 the bravest men and his most faithful servants. Those who 
 had been most honored for their friendship and fidelity still 
 fought for their king. He drew his scimeter and slew him- 
 self. He descries the king and a few about him, mostly the 
 bravest and most faithful of his servants. Seeing that his 
 bravest men had fallen, he stood and wept. He descried hia 
 most valuable friends far from himself, in the power ('•) of 
 tlie enemy. Having seen his most violent enemy near at 
 hand, he no longer restrained himself, but immediately has. 
 tened against him. 
 
 ('») See C*^ ch. 2. 
 
 CHAPTER NINTH. 
 
 JJ 1 — 6. Disgraceful^ aiaxQog. From childhood^ tv&Vi 
 nalgmr (statim parvulus). To be brought up, naidtvBa&ai. 
 Sobriety^ awpgotrvrij. To become intimately acquainted toith, 
 iv ntl^a yivia^at. I ham, xaTa/iav&dpoi. 1 rule, aftf w. Fond 
 of learning, (fdofia&r^g. Diligent, //cierij^JoV. An equal in age, 
 ^lixtmijg. I grapple with, (rvfi7TlTiT(a. Finally, lilog, I draw 
 ioum, drag doum, xaiaoTrw (aw). A bear, ogxTog, A scar, utedrj. 
 
 Where was he brought up? He was brought at the 
 doors of the king. Where (whither) is he going ? He is 
 going to the south. He is not going to the south on account 
 of the heat. They are going towards the north. He grap- 
 pled with a bear. He was dragged down from his horse. 
 Was he dragged down from his horse ? He was dragged 
 from his horse, was he not ? (See Obs. ch. 8, § 14.) He 
 was not dragged from his horse, was he ? And finally, he 
 was dragged down from his horse. He is diligent. He is 
 most diligent. He is the most diligent of his equals in age. 
 He is diligent and fond of learning. They are both diligent 
 and fond of learning. From childhood, he was most fond of 
 learning. From childhood, they learned much sobriety 
 From childhood, he seemed to be fond of learning, and dili- 
 gent. 
 
 From childhood he neither saw nor heard any thing dis- 
 graceful. He was brought up at the doors of the king: so 
 that, when vet a child, he was intimately acquainted wi^h tlw 
 
100 
 
 EXERCISES IN 6BEEK FSOSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 BXBSCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 101 
 
 bravest of the Persians. From childhood, we both seo aiid 
 bear many things disgraceful. When yet a child he learned 
 much sobriety, for be was brought up at the doors of tlic king. 
 He perished fighting for his country, with his bravest men 
 about him. He learned both to rule and to be ruled, so that 
 they established him in the kingdom. He learned both to 
 rule and to be ruled, so as to be established in the kingdom. 
 Jf he docs not learn both to rule and to be ruled, they will 
 not establish him in the kingdom. If he is not learning * oth 
 to rule and to be ruled, they will not establish him in the king, 
 dom. The boy is most fond of learning and most diligent, so 
 that, in all respects, he is the best of those of his own age. 
 It is said by many persons who seem to be on intimate terms 
 with him, that he is always the most diligent of all men. He 
 is most happy in all respects, as is confessed by all men. If 
 one should remain a long time at the doors of the king, he 
 would learn much modesty. He grappled with a certain 
 wild beast ; and finally slew him. On a certain occasion, 
 having been dragged from his horse by a bear, he suffered 
 many things. He had many scars in front. 
 
 " §§ 7 — 12, Il/j badiy, xaxui^' ; teorse, xaxioy. Once, once for 
 all, oTial Very many, nluaioi. Those who are contemporary 
 withanyoncoiirtiTtvog. One's life(\\t. the body), ibawfia. Until, 
 loaovjoy xd^yov—X^if, A prayer, ttxi I make of the highest 
 importance, ni^l nhlutov noiovfiat. Accordingly, joiyaQoiry. 1 
 make a treaty, tmivdofim. I make an agreement, avni&ffiat. 1 
 fare, wpoTiw. / abandon, give up, nQo'ifftat. I surpass, rixm, 
 J requite, aXilopai. I desire, int&vpd». It is permitted, lru» 
 I report, relate, ix(fii^(o. 
 
 He is false in nothing. Is he false in any thing ? He is 
 false in every thing. He is false to us in nothing. He makes 
 It of the highest importance. He makes it of much import- 
 ance. He makes it of more importance. He makes it of 
 
 Jie utmost importance to be false in nothing. Does he make 
 it of great (much, nigl nolXov) importance to be false in no* 
 thing ? They make it of great importance to be false in no- 
 thing. Do you make it of the highest importance ? I make 
 it of more importance than life (to live). I do well (trans.). 
 
 I fare well (intrans.). 
 
 He makes it of the highest importance, to be false in 
 nothing. He was false in nothing ; accordingly, if he made 
 a treaty with any one, and if he made an agreement with 
 any one, they placed confidence in him. He was the best of 
 all men in all things ; wherefore his enemies feared him and 
 his friends placed confidence in him. Know well that I 
 would choose you in preference to all that I possess. If you 
 should fare even worse yet, I would never abandon you ; for 
 I have once(*) become a friend to you. Having once made 
 a treaty with the exiles, I will never consent to abandon 
 them. If he should fare(*) even worse yet, I would neither 
 abandon him, nor do him any harm. If any man has done 
 me any good, I shall endeavor to surpass him. He manifestly 
 tries to surpass those who have done him any good or ill. He 
 manifestly surpasses both those who do well and those who 
 do ill by him. He once prayed that he might live until he re- 
 quited those who had done him any good. Very many of those 
 who are contemporary with us desire to requite both those 
 who do well and those who do ill (to them). Those who are 
 contemporary with us both see and hear many things dis- 
 graceful. It is permitted to our contemporaries to see many 
 things (which are) honorable. He seemed to be the most 
 worthy to rule of (those who weie) his equals in years. He 
 was the most worthy to rule of tVose (who were) contempo- 
 
 /I 
 
 (') Jira^, once=^ once for all; xori, once = on a certain occasion. 
 
 (•) irpdrrto, with cv or KUKo^f w ordinarily intransitive ; iroicS, tranai- 
 
 tite 
 
102 
 
 EXERCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 IXERCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 lOS 
 
 rary with him. He was contemporary with Cyrus. He wai 
 in the power of Cyrus. He did not go into the power of Cy- 
 rus. Those who were contemporary with Cyrus desired to 
 give up to him more than to any other one man(') both their 
 money and their lives. More persons desired to give their 
 money to him than to any other one man. He, more than 
 any other one man, learned (* ) how, both to rule, and to be 
 ruled. He, more than any other one man, is able to confer 
 benefits on his friends. In him, more than any other on3 man, 
 the cities which were intrusted to him placed confidence. 
 Some persons reported a prayer of his, that he prayed, he 
 might be able, more than any other one man, to requite those 
 who had done him any good. 
 
 §§ 13 — 15. A public J trodden roadf aTufiofiirri odo^. An 
 evil-doer f an offender f xaxoigyog. Especially, conspicuously ^ 
 diatftQovxmq. Without fear ^ fearlessly ^ udtCti, Most unspar- 
 ingly, aqxidiaTant. Abundance, supply, aqp^oWa. / mock, de- 
 ride, xajayeXw. I avenge myself, TifibiQovfiai. I overthrow, 
 subjugate, xajaaiqiifoi. I incur danger, xivdvrivta. 
 
 I subjugate. I subjugated the country. I subjugated the 
 country for myself. (*) Did you subjugate the country ? 
 Did you subjugate the country for yourself? Did you not 
 subjugate the country ? You did not subjugate the country 
 for yourself, did you ? I avenged myself. Did you avenge 
 yourself? I avenged myself most unsparingly. Did they 
 not avenge themselves ? They avenged themselves fearlessly. 
 
 I saw along by the side of the public roads, many men 
 deprived of their hands and feet and eyes. He said that he 
 desired to inflict punishment upon all ofienders. Wherever 
 
 (") Lit. to him one man at least, they denred to give up the 
 •le. With the phrase, tU yt dvfip, cf. tt m gal iXXot. 
 
 (^ Lit. : one man at leatt, he learned how especially (uaXi^ra), 
 
 m »re, we will not allow the unjust to mock. Wherevei 
 we go, we will inflict punishment upon oflenders and honor 
 Ihe good especially. They went without fear, wherever they 
 desired. He, the most unsparingly of all men, avenged him- 
 self (•) He subjugated the whole country (for himself). He 
 made the bravest and most faithful men rulers of any country 
 which he subjugated (for himself). He requited (for himself), 
 more than any other one man, those who had done him hai.n 
 I attempted (•) to requite (for myself) those who had done 
 me any good. I attempted to avenge myself and not to allow 
 ,he unjust to mock (at me). They all of their own accord 
 chose (for themselves) Cyrus as commander instead ol Us- 
 «,phcrnes. He chose (for hinu^lf ) those whom he saw willing 
 to incur danger. And upon this, they all of their own accord 
 stood up (for themselves). He made it (for himself) of the 
 highest importance to honor especially those who were good 
 for war : accordingly he had a great supply of those who 
 were most faithful and brave. He had a greater abundance 
 than any other one man, of those who were willing both to 
 fight for him and to give up to himO their money and their 
 lives. 
 
 §§ 16—21. Unjusay,byunjustmeans,ixTovidUov. True, 
 ilfl^iy6i. Justice, diuaioin^vri. In respect to, ik. For the 
 sake of m account of, for, ?.««. ProJUabU, mgdaXio,, Gain, 
 xi(^os. Monthly, month by month, naia firiya. Zeal, nqo^v 
 ^la. Unrequited, ax^iaxoq. Most efficient, xqanojog. Boldly, 
 
 (•) The mid. voice if more or le« directly reflexive. It denotes (•) 
 that the agent performs the action on himself ;(") that he performs it /or 
 himself; (•) that he ^e<« It done for himself. .... 
 
 (•) We must carefully distinguish between the mid. voice m its ap- 
 
 pTopriate sense and deponent verbs. , ,. _i.. 
 
 (T) For themselves, i. e. because they wished so to do. and thought 
 
 t for their own interest. 
 
104 
 
 EXERCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 EXERCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 io;i 
 
 ^a^jjalifag. Income, revenue, n^fogodog. Skilful, durog. Man 
 ager, steward, olnovofiog. Justly, on the principles of justice 
 ix jov dtxaiov, A coadjutor, helper, awiQyog. Rich, wealthy^ 
 nlovaiog. A servant, vnr^qiirig. Work, i(iyov. To he greed§ 
 of gain, ifdoxfQiitir. To exhibit one^s self, iniHiUrva&ai. I 
 render obedience, nu&agx^' I enjoin upon, Ttgograrju. To 
 serve, to be a inriQiiijg, vjtri^ttHK To serve, to do service to, 
 ^iffuntvHv, I toil, novCt. I acquire, xiCafiai, I take away, 
 deprive, a(fat(^ovfiat. I conceal, unoxQvnm, To he rich, nlov- 
 JHP. I envy, q)^oi'ut. To consider all-important, n«^* navjog 
 noula^at. Contrary to, natqa c. acc. 
 
 I sufier contrary to the treaty. He suffered contrary to 
 the treaty. He suffered nothing contrary to the treaty. The 
 seTant suffered nothing contrary to the treaty. He consider, 
 ed U of the highest importance that the servant should suffer 
 nothing contraiy to the treaty. He made it all-important that 
 the servant should suffer nothing contrary to the treaty. 
 
 Those who are greedy of gain unjustly will never employ 
 a true(*) army. In respect to justice he manifestly desired 
 to exhibit himself: for he made it (for himself) of the highest 
 importance to inflict punishment upon those who were greedy 
 of dishonest gain. He went on an expedition against the country 
 of the Pisidians, not for the sake of money, but to avenge him- 
 self. (•) To render honorable obedience toCyrus is more profit- 
 able than the monthly gain. They demanded their wages 
 monthly. He did not suffer the zeal of any one who had served 
 him well to be unrequited. You will not repent, if you serve me 
 well when I have enjoined any thing upon you. He never 
 suffered the zeal of those who yielded honorable obedience to 
 him, to be unrequited. He used to pray that he might live until 
 
 (*) i\ffitv6i, true, i. e. genuine, not spurious ; A\ffiiti true, truik' 
 ^temking, not false. 
 
 (•) Use the participle. 
 
 he requited (»•) those who had done him any good. He was 
 most efficient to serve whatever friends he made. He did 
 not squander in pleasure the money which he had acquired. 
 He toiled gladly and made acquisitions boldly, when he knew 
 that Cyrus would not take his revenues away from him, bui 
 that he would give him more. He is a skilful manager on 
 the principles of justice ; and he deprives those who are 
 greedy of dishonest gain of what they already possess. He 
 manifestly tried to use the treasures of those who(") conceal 
 (them for themselves). They were most efficient coadjutors 
 in that which (whatever it might be) their friends desired. 
 This is the very thing for which I myself am in need of 
 friends, that I may have helpers. Whomsoever the king 
 judged to be competent coadjutors, his subjects gladly served. 
 Is he rich ? He happens to be rich. I will serve you in that 
 for whatsoever you need a friend. He does not envy those 
 who are rich. I gave him his wages monthly. He has thp 
 best coadjutors and servants in every work. 
 
 §§ 22—27. Ornament, x6<rfxos, I adorn, xoafidt. Worthy 
 of admiration, ayaQJog. To he wondered at, ^avfiaQjog, Sweety 
 fine flavored, ^dCg. Today, tr,fiBgov. Half full, rit^i^Br,g. A 
 vessel, an earthen wine-vessel, plxog. Half eaten, iifAl^Qwiog, A 
 goose, /ijV. Scarce, anaviog, A loaf of bread, uQiog, Half (adj.) 
 iifAiavg, A half, rifAiav. I distribute, diadidfafii. I taste, yBvoftw. 
 I like, am pleased with, ^dofjiai. I beg, 9iofiai. I find, light upon, 
 (jsijvyx»v<»»' I o,^ hungry, nuvd, I drink up, ixniva, 
 
 I taste. I wish to taste. I wish to be tasting (or, to con- 
 tinue tasting, pres. infin.). I wbh to taste of this wine. I 
 wish to continue tasting this meat. Do you wish to taste of 
 
 (W) It ii important to be in the habit of noticing in all instances the 
 MAexive meaning of the mid. voice ; although we do not and perhapa 
 cannot easily express it in our translation. 
 
 (»') iwd adds to xpinTui the iaea of putting away. 
 
106 
 
 EXERCISES IN GUEEK PEOSE COMPOSITIOlf . 
 
 this nieat 1 Do you wish to keep tasting of this wine ? IX 
 not keep tasting of this wine. Do not taste of this wine. 1 
 wish to speak the truth. 1 wish to-bc-in-tlie-habit-of-speak. 
 ing-the-truth. 1 beg you to taste of this wine to-day. 1 will 
 taste of it in the aAernoon. He drank up the wine. He was 
 drinking up the wine. 1 will drink up the wine. I will nol 
 aste of the meat, for I am not hungry. Are you not hungry 7 
 Vou are not hungry, are you ? 
 
 On many accounts he received very many presents. On 
 this account, he received more presents than any one man, 
 because he honored the good especially, and did not allow 
 the wicked to deride (him). He distributed, I think, ('■) 
 more gif\s to his friends than any other one man, always 
 considering (' •) what each one most needed. He considers 
 that no ornament is greater to a man than friends well adorn- 
 ed. He considered the characters of his friends before he 
 distributed gifts to them. It was in accordance with the 
 character of Cyrus to avenge himself most unsparingly upon 
 evil-doers. He had very many ornaments for his person. 
 It seems to me at least, worthy of admiration, that the king 
 surpasses his subjects in his zeal to confer favors. It is nut 
 to bo wondered at, that he had a great abundance of those 
 who were zealous to incur danger for him. I wish you to 
 taste of these things, for I liked them. Do you like this 
 wine ? I have not tasted a finer-flavored wine for a long 
 time. He sent me to-day a vessel half full of wine, and a 
 goose half eaten. This wine is very delicious. I beg you 
 to drink this wine to-day with those whom you love best, for 
 I have not found any finer-flavored wine for a long time. I 
 tm not fond of wine. I do not like your wine. Corn and 
 wine are very scarce in this place. Is your horse hungry ? 
 
 (**) For the peculiar force of olftat as distinguished from oUiiai, 
 L. &. S. sub voce. 
 
 ('*) Why is ora» UK'd hrre instead of roi ? 
 
 EXERCISES IN GREEK FROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 107 
 
 Cyrus sent me half loaves of bread, that I might not be hun 
 ary. Give this fodder to your horse that he may not be 
 hungry. He will drink half('«) of this wine fearlessly. He 
 drank up the greater part (lit. the much) of the wine, the 
 same day. I will go home to-day. 
 
 §§ 2fl— 31. Proof, tinfi^diw. To be loved, treaUd 2s a 
 friend, ayanaoOai. I am about to, /i«Ai«. The cavalry, to 
 inmnoK I station, t«tt«. 
 
 No one has been loved by greater numbers. I judge that 
 no one has been loved by greater numbers. I judged that no 
 one had been loved by greater numbers. I judged that no 
 one was loved by greater numbers. 1 judged that no one 
 was loved (habitually) by greater numbers. The king has 
 fallen. I perceive that the king has fallen. Has the king 
 fallen ? I know that the king has fallen. The king hap- 
 pened to have fallen. He happened to be falling. He will 
 fall to-day. He is about to fall. He wishes to exhibit him- 
 self (habitually). He wishes to exhioit himself (a single 
 action). He manifestly wishes to exhibit himself. He de- 
 sires to incur danger (habitually). He desires to incur dan- 
 ger (a single action). He is about to incur danger. 
 
 No one either of the (Jreeks or of the barbarians has ever 
 been loved by a greater number of persons. Cyrus has been 
 loved by a greater number of persons than any other one man. 
 The following is a proof that he was loved especially. That 
 which happened to him at the close of his life, is a proof that 
 he judged rightly both those who were friendly and those who 
 were hostile. No one ever attempted to go from Cyrus to 
 he king. Many persons attempted to go away from the king 
 to his brother, and that too, those who were treated most 
 rspecially as friends by the king. He was commander of 
 
 (") Recollect that ^futrvt, iroXtj, n\tio)v, and superlatives, when iw^d 
 partiiivdy, uke the gender of the word denoting the whole. 
 
109 
 
 EXERCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMFOSITION. 
 
 the cavalry. He was stationed upon the right wing as com. 
 mander of the infantry. He commanded all of the cavalry. 
 He happened to be a table-companion of the king. Having 
 ascertained that the king had fallen, he fled with about a 
 thousand men as a body guard. They perished fighting for 
 their native country. Thus died a man most worthy to gov- 
 ern. They thought that by being faithful and friendly (•■) 
 to Cyrus they should obtain the most worthy honor. See 
 that you be worthy of the honor which you obtain. When 
 he ascertained that the friends and table-companions of Cyrus 
 had perished, he fled. When he ascertained that they were 
 faithful and friendly, he especially honored them. They 
 were not able to find the road, and perished in wandering. 
 We quickly found him to be false to us. I never found (lit. 
 happened upon) more delicious wine than that which I drank 
 to-day with Cyrus. 
 
 (**) When is the adjunct of the subject of the infinitive in the sond- 
 nttiTel 
 
 BXBRCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 10t> 
 
 CHAPTER TENTH. 
 
 ^§ 1—5. The distance was ; lit. there was (or were) of 
 ihe way. Forward, tig to nQoa&tv. On tlie oiher handy al, 1 
 draw up in order of hattky avrtdttoi. I render assistance, 
 agrjya. Intelligent, iTo<p6g. 
 
 I will go to render assistance. He went to render assisu 
 ance. He went with the intention of rendering assistance. 
 They went to render assistance. Will you go to render as- 
 sistance ? Will they not go to render assistance ? He will 
 not go to render assistance, will he ? I will go immediately. 
 He went at once. He went once for all. He went once (on 
 a certain occasion). 
 
 The distance was said to be three parasangs. The dis- 
 tance was said to be ten stadia to the station whence they had 
 hastened. The distance through their own encampment to 
 the city, was about five parasangs. Between the river and 
 the ditch, the distance was five stadia. All the space be- 
 tween the fortresses was seven parasangs. The enemy pur- 
 suing, rushed into their encampment. They fled as fast as 
 possible through their own (•) encampment. They were dis- 
 tant from the river about twenty stadia. The river is distant 
 from the mountain, sixty stadia. The encampment was not 
 far from the city. Call Menon, for he is nearest. They 
 have gone forward in the pursuit. He has gone forward in 
 
 (') What is the difference in the position of airur and airdvl 
 
110 
 
 EXERCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 EXERCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 Ill 
 
 the pursuit of tlie enemy. And on the other hand, when 
 they heard that the king had conquered that part of the army 
 opposed to himself, and had gone forward in the pursuit, the]' 
 collect their own forces and draw them up in order of battle. 
 They refused to advance farther. They advanced farther, 
 before it was plain what the rest of the army would do. Wt 
 will go to the camp to render assistance. Let us go to th« 
 camp to render assistance. Let us deliberate whether ws 
 will send some persons, or will go ourselves to the camp. 
 Let us all go as quickly as possible to the camp. Let us call 
 those of the soldiers who are nearest, and pursue the enemy 
 who are fleeing. Let us not flee. They were plundering 
 the camp, supposing that they were already victorious. She 
 was intelligent and beautiful. She was said to be the most 
 beautiful of her contemporaries. They heard that the wife 
 of Syennesis was the most beautiful and intelligent of her 
 contemporaries. And on the other hand, the Greeks heard 
 that the enemy had left the mountains. 
 
 §§ 6 — 12. / inclose i fo'd around, ntQinivaata, In this 
 direction, tavj tj. I advance, go towards, ngogttfm I lead to- 
 wards, nQogayu, To close one^s ranks, ov(nqiq>iadai. Onset, 
 avrodog. Together, ofiov. To he worsted, fiflov i/nv. I ad~ 
 vance, go against, tnttfAi, With ardor, n^o&iftoiq. Before, 
 tlie former time, to n^wr&fv. Standard, arjfitloy. Royal, fiaal- 
 iiiog. An eagle, atiog. With outspread wings, avaiuonivo^. 
 Form, a/ttfia. Behind, beyond, above, vniq, I halt, stand, 
 Xmaftm, One's party, those about one, oi afttpl iira, I turn 
 about, face about, ara<n^i<pta. While (in what time), ^ w. I 
 fall in with, avyivyx*^^' 
 
 Have you fallen in with the king to-day ? I have noi 
 faLen in with him for a long lime. He said that he fell in 
 with the king. He said that he used to fall in with the king 
 It break of day. He saw the royal standard. He aflSrmed 
 
 that he saw the royal standard. He affirmed that he himself 
 (why in the nom. ') saw the royal standard. They aflirmed 
 that they themselves saw the royal standard. They denied 
 that they themselves saw the royal standard. 
 
 They did not slay any one, but they wounded many. 
 ITiey feared the king would inclose the wing on both sides, 
 and cut it in pieces. They fear that the Greeks will strike 
 and cast darts at them. Let us not fear that the king will 
 lead his army in this direction. If the king leads his army 
 in this direction, we will cut them in pieces. If the army 
 of the king come up in the rear, we will close up our ranks 
 and receive him. And at this time they closed up their 
 ranks, supposing that the enemy would come up in this direc- 
 tion. It was plain that the king (•) was coming up in the 
 rear. It was plain that the bowmen were coming up in 
 front. It was plain that they would receive those who had 
 deserted to the enemy in the first onset. He was a traitor 
 to his friends. Those who had deserted, went with the king. 
 Those who had deserted, and the king, went together. He 
 was worsted in the first onset. Being worsted in the bat- 
 tie, they fifed as fast as possible. And while they advanced 
 with far greater ardor than before, having the royal stand- 
 ard — a golden eagle with its wings outspread — the Greeks 
 made preparation to receive them. He arrived sooner than 
 I with the royal standard. They halted (*) in a certain vil- 
 lage. They placed the phalanx in just the same form as at 
 first. The hill was filled with horsemen, but the footmen 
 were behind the hill in a certain village. They went to a 
 certain hill above the village. Beyond the village was a hill 
 abounding in vines and trees of every variety. They went 
 as far as they could to a certain village (which was) filled 
 with com and wine. In this place they halted, for it was not 
 
 (*) Lit. the king voas plain, etc. 
 
 (*) What three tenset of larnwt arc intransitive in tho act. voice t 
 
:, 
 
 112 
 
 EXERCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMFOSITKil. 
 
 poesible to know what was doing beyond the mountain. While 
 they beheld itie royal standard, they advanced with the greater 
 ardor. The king and his party faced about upon a certain 
 hill, and this was filled with men, so as not to know what was 
 doing. The king filled the hill with horsemen, so that we 
 did not know what was doing. 
 
 §§ 13—19. I make to ascend, avafii^al^.-J^Aiioi uXiodiv, 
 tome tn one direction, some in another. — Almost, a/fdoV Tlie 
 sun, filiog. To go down, to set, dvM^m, Nowhere, oldaf^ov. 
 I rest, avanavoftm. Supper.time, d^07tr,<n6g. Food, atriop. 
 Drink, ttotoV. IJind, xamlafi^uvu. Without supper, adun- 
 voq. Without breakfast, aydgiarjog. Breakfast, uqiaiop. Pass, 
 spend (oUime), diayofiai. Fine fiour, alt iqw. Want, iydua. 
 Excessively, a<fod(^a. To come upon, to seize, la^fiurtiy. To 
 perspire, to sweat, idgovy (ottv). 
 
 The army ascended upon the hill. He made the army 
 ascend upon the hill. Some hastened in one direction, some 
 in another. Some said one thing, some another. Thus 
 he spent the night. Where did you spend the night ? I 
 spent the night at home. I found the camp plundered. Did 
 you find the camp plundered ? When did he arrive ? He 
 arrived about supper-time. He arrived when the sun was 
 setting. And finally, after the sun set, he arrived. 
 
 Cyrus was riding on horseback, with his head uncovered. 
 He rode through the midst of the city at full speed with his 
 nead uncovered, shouting that the king was coming with a 
 large army. And when the hill was made bare, he ascended 
 (upon it) with about fifty horsemen to observe those thingi 
 which were} beyond it. He made his men ascend upon the 
 hill. And finally, they all fled at full speed, some in one 
 direction and some in another. And the sun went down, 
 almost at the time when they beheld the royal standard. 
 They wondered that the enemy nowhere appeared. I won- 
 
 EXERCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 ii;f 
 
 3ei ihat the interpreter does not appear. He wondered thai 
 his brother nowhere appeared, until it was plain what was 
 doing. I wonder that no one is present from the king. About 
 the tin^e when the sun went down, a messenger arrived with 
 his horae sweating, crying out in the Greek language, that 
 the enemy were coming, apparently prepared for battle. 
 When we koew that he was dead, we all wept a long time. 
 When we saw that the commander of the enemy had fallen, 
 we advanced against (them) with far more courage. They 
 rested about midnight. And about suppcr-time they ascer- 
 tained that tht» general had been slain. They were not able 
 to find the road, go that many perished in wandering. They 
 found that whalover food or drink they had, and the greater 
 part of their other treasures had been plundered by the ene- 
 my, so that they went without supper and breakfast. The 
 army halted for breakfast about daybreak. They passed 
 this night without food or drink. He filled ten wagons 
 with fine flour and wine, that he might distribute food and 
 drink to the army. He did not yet distribute food and drink 
 to the army, so that extreme want came upon them. The 
 king nowhere app»iared, until the army provided for them- 
 selves fifty wagons full of fine flour and wine. He never 
 rode in front of the army. We conjectured that he had de- 
 serted to the enemy. We suspected tha he had become a 
 traitor to us. It is h^uh time to rest 
 
VOCABULAUY, 
 
 t 
 
 n 
 
 A. 
 
 Abandon, naraXtlma, 2 : 18.— 
 Evacuate, inUlnta, 2 : 24. — 
 Yield up, nQo'i'ffiai, 9 : 12.— 
 Abandon the idea of^ aitoyi- 
 yvaanta. 7 : 19. — Am traitor, 
 Ttffodidatfit, 3 : 5. 
 
 Able, inavog. 1 : 6.— Am able, 
 d vyafAtti.— Ah\e to be crossed, 
 dialiaxog. 4 : 18. 
 
 Abounding in, ifmlioig, 2 : 22. 
 
 About, ntgl c. ace. 2 : 12.— In« 
 designations of number, utg, 
 
 2: 3. 
 Above, vTie'p. JO: 12.— i);i«^ 
 
 ^ey. 4: 4. 
 Abundance, supply, a(p&ovia, 
 
 9: 15. 
 Accord, — of one's own a. ixwr. 
 
 — uno xov aviofivTOV. 2 i 17. 
 
 — /x Toi) avtofxaiov, 3: 13. 
 Accordingly, roi/a^oi/v. 9: 9. 
 Accrue, yi/vofiai, 1 : 8. 
 Accuse, aiittifiai. 2 : 20. 
 Acknowledge, ofioXoyti. 6 : 8. 
 Acquainted, become intimate- 
 ly a. w'.th, ii' nilQtf yiyrofiai 
 
 • : 1. 
 
 Admiral, yuvoQxo?' 4 : 2. 
 Admire, uyafiai. 1 : 9.— Worthy 
 of admirat'on, ayaaxog. 9: 
 24. 
 Adorn, xoafidi. 9 : 23. 
 Adorned with gold, /^vaoi/f. 
 
 2: 27. 
 Advance, ngoftfii, 8 : 14. — GrO 
 towards, ngogufn. 10 : 6. — 
 Go against, i/ifi/i*. 10 : 10. 
 Advantage,profit,o<jp«io$. 3: 11. 
 Advice, /yw/uij. 3: 13. 
 Advise, crvfifiovleina^ c. infin. 
 6 : 9.— advise with, aviifiov- 
 XivofAoi, c. dat. 1 : 10. 
 Adviser, avfi^ovXog. 6 : 5. 
 Afiirm, q>iifil. Often used with 
 the infin. having a subject ; 
 and also, in the iraperf., often 
 used like the Latin inquam 
 to denote a direct quotation. 
 After, inii. 1 : l.—iJiH^. 1 : 3. 
 —As a preposition, fii%a c. 
 ace. 2 : 27. 
 Afternoon, HdXri. 8 : 8. 
 Afterwards, vaxiqov. 3: 2.— 
 
 Yet, longer, iii. 1 : 4. 
 Again, al. 6 : 7.— Back, back 
 again, naXiv. 1 : 3. 
 
116 
 
 VOCABXTLARr. 
 
 TOCABULARY. 
 
 in 
 
 Against, inl c. ace. 3 : I. — ngog 
 c. ace. 1 : 8.— i*v, 1 : 11.— Op- 
 posite, avilog, 8 : 17. 
 
 Af^o, long a. naXm, 4:12. 
 
 Agreement, — make an a. uini- 
 ^(fim, 9 : 7. 
 
 Alike, in like manner, oftolutg, 
 3: 12. 
 
 All, niintt. — All together, atft- 
 nopttf, 2: 9. 
 
 Allow, iw. 4 : 7. 
 
 Allowance,— a day's a. /oiy«J. 
 
 Almost, a/fdoy. 10 : 15. 
 
 Already, ^^i^. 2:1. 
 
 Also, xal. 
 
 Altar, fitufiog. 6: 7. 
 
 Am, ilfii. 
 
 Am ashamed, alax^vofiat. 3 : 10. 
 
 Am astonished, ^ai'^«Cw« 2:18. 
 
 Am at a loss, ano(fw. 3 : 8. 
 
 Am come, i^xw. 
 
 Am conquered, t,jTbtfiat. 2 : 9. 
 
 Am conscious, airotda ifAuviCK 
 3: 10. 
 
 Am deceived, ipivdofiai. 8:11. 
 
 Am destroying, ruining, ii'^a*'- 
 vo/fiai, 3 : 16. 
 
 Am displeased, ii/&ofnu. 
 
 Am engaged in military oper- 
 ations, aTQUJevofiut. 2 : 3. 
 
 Am enraged, OQ/iCofiat. 2 ' 26. 
 
 Am free from care, ufidat. 
 
 Am friendly, tvvo'ixa.g t/ot. 1 : 5. 
 
 Am of good courage, ^uQ^ut. 
 3: 8. 
 
 Am gone, ot'xofiai. 4: 8. 
 
 Am grateful, /a^ivot<)a. 4: 15. 
 
 Am guilty, uSiku (often in the 
 sense of the intrans. pcrf as 
 idixf^xa is trans ). ' 
 
 Am in haste, antCda, 3 : U 
 Am hired, fiiadovfiai, 3 : 1. 
 Am hit with an arrow, JoUv<i^ 
 
 fiai. 8: 20. 
 Am hungry, nnvoi. ^: 27. 
 Amindignant,/»il<;ro(Vai. 4: 12. 
 Am induced, ^^uyofint. 8: 21. 
 Am informed, uitj&uyofiau 
 
 2: 21. 
 Am informed beforehand, n^ 
 
 aiff&utofiai, 
 A m jealous. ^lAori^oi'/uai. 4: 7 
 Am king, fiatrihvu, 1 : 4. 
 Am perplexed, unof^^. 3 : 8. 
 Am pleased, 9i<)o/<ui. 2: 18. 
 Am reconciled with, avvulliix' 
 
 jofAiti n^of c. ace. 2 : 1. 
 Am sad, Xvnovfiat, 3 : 8. 
 Am silent, atotniu, 3 : 2. 
 Am a spectator, ^tioQ^a, 2 : 10. 
 Am surprised, ^avfiaj^ta. 
 Am terrified, ^xnAiJiro^ai. 5: 
 
 13. 
 Am troubled, ur<(r»/ia». 2 : 11. 
 Am victorious, rixui. 10 : 4. 
 Am willing, iaikn. 2 : 26. 
 Ambush, — lie in a indi^iCm. 
 
 6: 2. 
 Anchor,— to lie at a. o^/icu, 
 
 4: 6. 
 Anciently, to a(>/a7or. 1:6. 
 Anger, o(tytj. 
 Announce, uyyikkat. 7: 13.— 
 
 annyyikkta, 3 : 19, — naff ay 
 
 yilXat, 8 : 22. — diayyikkttt, 
 
 6: 2. 
 Another, akkoy.— One another, 
 
 (wanting in the nom. ; in the 
 
 gen.) ukk^koiv. 2 : 27. 
 Answer, anoxqlvoitai, 3: 20l 
 
 Anticipate, g^^MVw. 3: 14. 
 Anywhere, nov, (cnclit.) 2: 
 
 27. 
 Apart from, /c»^»i' c. gen. 4 : 
 
 13. — Without, aviv. 3:11. 
 
 --Away from, ano. 8 : 10. 
 
 —To be apart, ^a/fiv. 8:17. 
 Apiece, lit. to the man, to the 
 
 soldier. 3: 21. 
 Appear, tfalvonai (causative in 
 
 the act.), 5 : 7.— Ap. before, 
 
 nQoifalpofiai. 8:1. 
 Appoint, Ti^»//i«. 2: 10.— Make, 
 
 7I0ICU. 1 : 2. 
 Apprehend, suspect, vnoniUvt. 
 
 J : 1. — Seize upon, avkkan' 
 
 fiuvta. 1 : 3. 
 Ardor,— with a.nQo&vfiO}g. 
 Arise, spring up, yiyvotiat. 
 Armed with scythes, %wm>i2- 
 
 <lpo(»o;. 8 : 10. 
 Army, crtqaiia. 3: 1. — oi^a- 
 ttvfia. 1: 7.— The mercen- 
 ary army, to ^inxov. 2 : 1. 
 Arms, armor, onka, la. 2 : 17. 
 Around, 7i«^» c. ace. 6: 4. — 
 
 afA(pl c. ace. 2 : 3. 
 Arrange, taiiw, and awiuiiot. 
 
 2:15. 
 Arrive, uffixvoifjiai, ijxto', 7i«^fi- 
 
 fti, naffaylyvofiai. 
 As, wff.— Just as, ikntq 
 (strengthened form of cu?). 
 3 : 16.— As if, utg c. particip. 
 — Such as (relat. pron.), 
 oio^f(>. — As long {IS, ?wf. 3 : 
 11.— As mucJi as possible. 
 •^ liakioia with the proper 
 form of dirafiai. 
 Aicend, urafiuhw, 1 : 2. — 
 
 Make to ascend, umfiMW 
 
 10: 14. 
 
 Ascertain, a»a^«i'o/i«t. 2:21. 
 
 Ask (to find out something), 
 ^(ftuiM, aor. riQofitjv. 3 : 18. — 
 (10 obtain something) aitoi, 
 3: 14.— Entreat, Jto/i«t. 2: 14. 
 
 Assemble, udf^oiio*. 1 : 6. — 
 Collect, avvayt'ntw. 5 : 9. 
 
 Assembly, ixxkrjaia. 3 : 2.-- 
 To call an assembly, owa- 
 yftv ixxktfaiuv. 3 : 2. 
 
 Assist, Mffkw. 1 : 9.— Render 
 assistance, uffi'i/m' 10 : 5. 
 
 Assurance, nioiig. 2 : 26. 
 
 Assurances, niaia, 6 : 7. 
 
 AsFure,— be assured, ii,v yi w. 
 juijv i'/iTi' 3 : 6. 
 
 At,iv. 1: 9.— ^n* c. dat. 2: 
 1 3.— At once, ^^i?.- At least, 
 yi (enclit.). 6: 8.— At that 
 time, ioT«. 2: 12.— At the 
 same time, iifia. 2: 9. 
 
 Attendant, vnrixoog. 6: 6. 
 
 Attention,— pay attentiou to, 
 
 inifiikoifiai, 1 : 5. 
 Avenge myself, iifiiaqoifiau 
 
 9: 13. 
 Axle, ttlaw. 8 : 10. 
 
 B. 
 
 Back again, ilg tovfinalip. 
 Banish, ix^ukkto. 1 : 7. 
 Barbarian. /5M^/5a^o?. 2: 14. 
 Bare, if^doc. 5 : 5.— Make bare 
 
 iffikdi, 10: 13. 
 Base, xttxdc. 4 : 8. 
 Battle, ^tt/ij.— Without battle 
 
 af4a;(ii. 7:9. • 
 
118 
 
 VOCABULART. 
 
 Be assured, t^v yv(ufiriv ix^jt. 
 3: 6. — To be upon, inuyau 
 2: 5. 
 
 Bear, aQxxog. 9 : 6. 
 
 Beast, t^ij^tov. 2: 7. — Beast of 
 burden, vno^vyior, 3 : 1. 
 
 Beautiful, xaXog. 2 : 22. 
 
 Because, oiu 7 : 18. — Often 
 denoted by the participle. 
 
 Before, 7r()iV. 4:13. — Previous- 
 ly, nQoitgov. 2: 26.— The 
 former time, to nqoadtv. 10 : 
 10. — Previous to, Tipo c. gen. 
 7 : 13. — To, nqoq c. ace. 1 : 3. 
 
 Beg, entreat, diofiau 9 : 25. 
 
 Begin, u^^o/ia«. 3; 1. — Begin 
 to run, dgofAog ylyvtxal fioi. 
 2: 17. 
 
 Behalf, — in behalf o[] IniQ c. 
 gen. 3: 4. 
 
 Behind, in the rear of^ onia- 
 ^tv, 7 : 9. — Beyond, vniq. 
 — Later, vaitqoq, 5: 14. 
 — Leave behind, xajaXiljioi. 
 2: 18. 
 
 Belong to, uvm c. gen. 1 : 6. 
 
 Benefit, cMjpeJlw. 1 : 9. 
 
 Bereft, t(frifiog. 3 : 6. 
 
 Besiege, nolioQttot. 1 : 7. 
 
 Best, uQiiTJog. 3 : 12. 
 
 Between, through the midst 
 (with a verb of motion), dia 
 f/uaov c. gen. 4: 4. — In the 
 midst between (with a verb 
 of rest), fieitt^i c. gen. 7 : 16. 
 — Into the midst of (ailer a 
 verb of motion), rig ftiaoy c. 
 gen. 5: 14. 
 
 Beyond, vniif. 1 : 9.— On the 
 other side, ni^av, 5 10. 
 
 Bid, order, mXevu. 1 : 11. 
 Blackness, thick darkness, f»$ 
 
 Xavla. 8 : 8. 
 Blow, nlriyti. 5:11. 
 Boat, nAoioy, 2 : 5. 
 Boldly, ^oQiaUtag. 9 : 19. 
 Border, adj., to-/aTo;. 2: 19. 
 Both, afi(f6itQoi, 1 : 1. — Both 
 
 — and Tfi(enclit.) — xa/. 1:9. 
 
 T« xai. 1 : 3.— xai— xa/. 2 : 3. 
 Bowman, tofoii^j. 
 Bracelet, ipiHiov. 2 : 27. 
 Brave, bold, ivjolfiog. 7 : 4. 
 Bravest, fiiliKnog. 1 : 6. 
 Brazen, /aJlxoi/;. 2: 16. 
 Bread, a loaf of bread, uQiog, 
 
 9: 26. 
 Breadth, tvQog, to. 2 : 5. 
 Break through, diaxonrat. 8. 
 
 10. 
 Breakfast, uQiaiov, 10 : 19. 
 
 — Without breakfast, ara- 
 
 Qiaiog. 10: 19. 
 Breast, angvoy. 8 : 26. 
 Breastplate, &<aga$. 8 : 6. 
 Bridge, yiqtvga, 2 : 5. 
 Bridle, having a gold-studded 
 
 bridle, /^yao/ailii'o;. 2: 27. 
 Brother, adilifog. 
 Brush-wood, vlyj. 5 : 1. 
 Build, erect, oiHodofiu, 2 : 9.^ 
 
 Construct, i^ivyyv/Ai, 2 : 5. 
 Burn, xa/oi. 6: 1. — Burn down, 
 
 xajaxo/w. 4: 10. 
 Burnish, 4»xa&aigia. 2 : 16 
 Bustard, dttlg. 5 : 2. 
 Buy, cltyovftau aor. inqiafAiiv, 
 
 6: 6. 
 By (denoting the agent or 
 
 doer), vno c. gen. — By, from 
 
 ▼OCABULABT. 
 
 119 
 
 H c. gen. 1 : 6.— By, com- 
 munication from, naqU c. gen. 
 — To denote the immediate 
 and powerful influence of the 
 agent ; also, in solemn assev- 
 eraticna, ngoq c. gen.— By, 
 aiong by, nuqa c. ace. 2 : 13. 
 — By land, xoto yriy ; by sea, 
 %axu ^aXaiiay. 
 
 c. 
 
 Call, xoAoi. 2 : 2.— Call, name, 
 xaXtu, 2 : 8.— Call together, 
 
 avvoyW' 3: 2. 
 Calumniate, 5/«/JMiiw. 1: 3. 
 Care,— free from care, adv. 
 
 fifAtXriiAiyaq* 
 Carry on war, noXffACi. 1 : 9. 
 Cast (missiles) at. /JaUw. 3: 1. 
 Catch, driQtvu, 2 : 13. 
 The cavalry, to Innixoy, 9:31. 
 Cave, ayjQoy. 2 : 8. 
 Cease, navofiai, 2 : 2. 
 Centre, fxiaoy. 8 : 13. 
 A certain, ilg (enclit.). 
 Character, Tpo;iof. 2: 11. 
 Chariot, war-chariot, iigfia. 
 
 2 : 16. 
 Cheerful, ridvg. 4 : 9. 
 Chiefly, fiaXiaxa, 6: 5. — to 
 
 fiiyiaxoy, 3: 10. 
 Childhood, — from childhood, 
 
 tv&vg nttiq (uv. 9 : 4. 
 Choose, aigovftai, aor. liXvfA^y. 
 
 3: 5. 
 Cilician woman, KiXitraa. 2 : 12. 
 Citadel, ixgonoXig. 2 : 1. 
 City, noXtg, 
 Close, termination. TfletfT^. 9: 
 
 30. — 1 : . . — To close one'« 
 ranks, ffvajgifftad^at. 10:6. 
 
 Close to, close by, close upon, 
 TiQog c. dat. 
 
 Cloud, vnpiXrj. 8 : 8.— Cloud of 
 dust, xo>'to^To(. 8 : 8. 
 
 Coadjutor, avytgyog. 9: 21. 
 
 Cold, /ei/icui'. 7 : 6. 
 
 Collect, a&Qoi^a, 1 : 6.— avA- 
 Xiya. 1 : 9. 
 
 Come or go, igx^fiai, (Ifii. — 
 Arrive, a(f>ixvoifiai. — Am 
 come, r'fXUi. — Come on, ngog* 
 iifit, 8: 11.— Come upon, 
 seize, Xafifitiyoi. 10 : 18. — 
 Come to one's assistance, 
 naqayiyvofiai, 1 : 11. — To 
 come to one's senses, fV iav 
 ibi yiyvia&ai, 5 : 17. 
 
 Command, nqoiattixa. 2 : 1. — 
 Command (to do something), 
 x€il(t;ai. — Command an army, 
 ajQaTTjyu, 3: 15. 
 
 Commander, agx^t^- 1 • 2. 
 
 Companion, table companion, 
 ofiotgdniZog. 8 : 25. 
 
 Company of horse, iXij : c. of in- 
 fantry. Toll? : — In companies 
 of horse and of infantry, xai 
 IXag xal xara taUt?- 2 : 16. 
 
 Compel, try to compel, /?««{»- 
 fiai, 3: 1. 
 
 Competent, ixotyog. 9 : 20. 
 
 Conceal, x^i;;TTai. 4 : 12. — arto* 
 x^VTiToi. 9: 19. — ijiixqvnia* 
 1: 6. 
 
 Concern, — it concerns, lUXtu 
 4: 16. 
 
 Concerning, nfifl c. gen. 2 : 8 
 
 Conduct, u'*'«. 
 
 «l 
 
IHO 
 
 VOCABULABT. 
 
 VOCABULABT. 
 
 121 
 
 I 
 
 Confer with, avyyi/vofiat.^ 1 : 9. 
 
 Confess, acknowledge, ofiolo- 
 
 yw. 6: 8.— It is confessed, 
 
 ofioXoytltut. 9: I. 
 
 Confidence,— place confidence 
 
 in, ntajiiot. 2 : 2. 
 Confusion, tngaxog. 8 : 2. 
 Congratulate, iidaifiovi^. 7 : 3. 
 Conjecture, «*x«C«* 6: 1. 
 Conquer, vixtv. 2 : 8.— Get the 
 advantage of, niQiyiyvofiui. 
 1 : 10.— Am conquered, ^i- 
 itifitti. 2: 9. 
 Consent, v. ^^iXta. 2 : 26. 
 Consent, n. /v(x>firi. 3 : 13. 
 Consider, ffxe'^fTo^a*. 3: 11.— 
 (For the choice between this 
 and crxoTiw, see Lid. and 
 Sc. sub axiniouai.) 
 Considerable, at'x^og. 8: 8. 
 Considerably, avxvov, 8:10. 
 Conspicuously, 5i «<jpf poVraw;. 
 
 9: 14. 
 Construct, J^tvyrtfii. 2: 5. 
 Contemporary with any one. 
 denoted by inl c. gen. e. g. 
 ol inl Ki'Qov^ those who were 
 contemporary with Cyrus. 
 Contend, dgil^ui. 2 : 8. 
 Contest, o/uv. 2 : 10. 
 Continually, denoted by the 
 
 verb diayw. See 2:11. 
 Continue, 5<a/w. 2: 11. 
 Contrary to, naga c. ace. 9 : 8. 
 Contribute, aifi/Juiiw. 1 : 9. 
 Corn, alio;. 4:19. 
 Cosily, noXvTsli]g. 5 : 8. 
 Country, jt*''^"' 1 • 11.— Native 
 
 country, narffig. 3 : 6. 
 Courage,— with courage, with 
 
 ardor, adv. nffo^ifitagf adj. 
 71^0^ vfiog. — Am of good cour- 
 age, \fuQ(tdt, 3 : 8. 
 
 Cross, dtapuUu. 2 : 6. 
 
 Crown, ariifuvog, 7 : 7. 
 
 Cry out,/5oai. 8 : 1. 
 
 Cut oS^ inxoTiJOi. 4: 10.— Cut 
 in pieces, xaiaxonm, 2 : 25. 
 
 D. 
 
 Danger, xhHwog :— Incur dan- 
 ger, xivdvrfvu. 9 : 14. 
 
 Dangerous, ^TTiKiV^woff. 3: 19. 
 
 Darkness, thick darkness, 
 blackness. ftiXnvia. 8 : 8. 
 
 Dart, Tialiov. 8: 3. 
 
 Day, Ttfiigu :— To-day, ir,fAfQov. 
 9: 25.— At break of day, 
 fifia ifj r,fiiQa. 7 : 2. — On the 
 next day, ti} vfntQaitf. 7:19. 
 — On the ensuing, the Ibilow- 
 ing day, t^ imoifra ifUQtf. 
 7: 2. 
 
 Decease, ifXfviu. 1 : 3. 
 
 Deceived, am deceived, iffivdo* 
 ftai. 8: 11. 
 
 Decide, yi;^to^<y«w. 3: 12. — De- 
 cide, vote, ifniq>ii(ti. 4: 15. 
 
 Deep, fiudvg. 7: 14.— Three 
 deep, four deep, etc.— ^ti* 
 T^Kuy, inl xniaqwf, etc. 2:15. 
 
 Defend myself against, uXHo- 
 pai. 3: 6. 
 
 Delay, diaTgllSoi. 5: 9. 
 
 Deliberate, fiovXtvofiai. 1 : 4. 
 
 Delicious, rfivg, 5 : 3. 
 
 Demand, otiw. 1: 10.— De- 
 mand of, from, unatiut, 2:11. 
 — Demand in addition, ngog' 
 
 ciTw. 3: 21.— Demand (on 
 
 the ground that it is worthy) 
 
 aU**>- 1*8. 
 Deny, ov (frifu. 3 : 1. 
 Deprive, o<jpoipov/«at. 3: 4. — 
 
 9: 19. — aif^ca or aiff^iaxu. 
 
 4:8. 
 Deride, xaT«/elcu. 9: 13. 
 Descend, xaiufiahu. 2: 23. 
 Descry, xa&oQot. 8 : 26. 
 Desert, avTOfAoXiJi. 7:13. 
 Deserted, iv»j|uo?. 5: 4. 
 Deserter, avioftoXog. 7 : 2. 
 Desire, ^;ri^i'/i&i. 9: 12.— /^/Cw. 
 
 3 : 20, — Desire earnestly, 
 
 pray, n'xofiM. 4 : 7. 
 Desist, nuvofiai. 5 : 17. 
 Destroy, am destroying, Xvfiuxi- 
 
 vofiai. 3: 16. 
 Destruction, oif^^o,\ 2: 26. 
 DiflBcult,— difficult to pass, dvg- 
 
 noqivjog. 5 : 7, 
 Difficulties, 7rpa/juar«. 3: 3. 
 Di fficul ty, embarrassment, ano- 
 
 gla. 3: 13. For the plural 
 
 see the foregoing word. 
 Dig, ogvtja. 5 : 5. 
 Diligent, fiBXnf)i}6g. 9 : 5. 
 Direction, — in this direction, 
 
 lavrji. 10: 6. 
 Discipline, tvtalia. 
 Discover, see. ivogta. 3 : 15. 
 Disgraceful, ftii/^o?. 9: 3. 
 Dismiss, uifi^ui. 3 : 19. 
 Displeased, — I am displeased, 
 
 ax^ofAui. 1 : 8. 
 Dispute, oftquXiyia. 5:11. 
 
 intrans.), noiai (trans.): — Do 
 well by, do good, ev notu. 6: 
 9. aya&bv noiat. 9: 11. — Do 
 harm, xaxtag noioj, and xaxop 
 noiai. 9: 11. — Do homage 
 to, nQogxvvfa (from ngog and 
 xvvoj I kiss). 6 : 10. 
 
 Door, &vQa. 2: 11. 
 
 Draw, andoi. 8 : 29. — Draw 
 down, drag down, xajaanuot, 
 9: 6. — Draw away from, 
 unoundat. 8: 13. dnoanuO' 
 fiai. 5: 3. — Draw up, arrange, 
 TUTTO). 2: 15. — Draw up (to- 
 gether, in order of battle), 
 avviuiia). 10: 5. 
 
 Drink, s. TioTo*'. 10: 18. 
 
 Drink, v. nlyat ; drink up, ittnl- 
 vat. 9 : 25. 
 
 Drive, dXavvbt. 8 : 10. — Drive 
 oui^ iUXavyou 3: 4. 
 
 Due, pass, of oqpftiw. 
 
 Dug. ogvxTog. 7 : 14. 
 
 Dwell, olxw. 1 : 9.— Dwell in, 
 ii'wxtti. 2 : 24. 
 
 Distribute, dmdiJa)/i(. 9: 22. 
 
 Di^ch, tdq^qog. 7 : 14. . . ^ 
 
 Do, nqdtiia («iiiher trans, or Elude, on odi^^dcrxw. 4: ^ 
 
 Each, txaatog* 
 
 Eagle, uBiog. 10 : 12. 
 
 Earlier, ngoitgov. 
 
 Effect, — effect an entrance, t»^ 
 pdXXa. 2: 21. 
 
 Efficient, — most efficient. x^«* 
 TiaTo^. 9 : 20. 
 
 Either — or,? — ?. 3: 5. — In ci- 
 ther direction, ixaiiqmt. 8.: 
 14. 
 
 Elder, adj. n^€(r/Jvif9(K- U \ 
 
122 
 
 YOCABUIJLRT. 
 
 Embark, iiA^^aivta. 4 : 7. 
 Embarrassment, o7io^*«. 3: 13. 
 Employ, /^wo/ioi. 3: 18. 
 Empty (of a river), iiitSuXXa. 
 
 2: 8. 
 
 Encamp, mgnjoTitSiva. 3 : 7. 
 
 Enclose, fold around, mqmiia- 
 aia. 10: 9. 
 
 Encompass, ntgiixta. 2 : 22. 
 
 Endeavor, nuqiifAai. 1 : 7. 
 
 Endure, uvixofiai, 7 : 4. 
 
 Enemy, noliiiioq. 3 : 12. — Pri- 
 vate enemy, ix^Qoq. 3 : 12. 
 
 Engaged in military opera- 
 tions, aiqaiivofiai. 2: 3. 
 
 Enjoin upon, jr^offTttiTw. 9: 18. 
 
 Enraged,— am enraged, oQ/i- 
 J^ofAui. 2: 26. 
 
 Enter, «»^i>'p;ro/'«»- 2:21. 
 
 Enterprise, n^aSi?. 3: 16. 
 
 Entreat, diofiui. 1 : 10. 
 
 Envied, j^riXutJog. 7 : 4. 
 
 Envy, v. q)&ovoi. 9 : 19. 
 
 Equal, an equal in age, ^iixioi- 
 Tij?. 9:5. , 
 
 Equipment, aroXog. 2 i 5. 
 
 Escape, /x<jp« 1701. 3: 2. — »to- 
 ifiiyta. 4 : 8. 
 
 Especially, fiuXtara. 6: 5. — 
 diaqxQOftat^. 9: 14. 
 
 Establish, xadlattifn. 1 : 3. 
 
 Esteem, think, yo/if^w. 2 : 27. 
 
 Evacuate, ixXiiina, 2 : 24. 
 
 Even, %ttL — Not even, ovUi. 3 : 
 12. — In an even line, ofiaXutg 
 8: 14. 
 
 Evil-doer, xaitovifyog. 9: 13. 
 
 Bvery, nag. — Of every vari- 
 ety, naviodanog. 2 : 22. — On 
 every side, Tiurrj^. 2 : 22. 
 
 Exceedingly, Id/ I'f if. 2:21. 
 
 Except, li fi^» 4 : 18. — nk^9 
 8: 25. 
 
 Excessively, cryodpa. 10: 18. 
 
 Execution, death, ^aVaroj. 6: 
 10. 
 
 Exhibit, ^/rt^f/x^v/ioi. 9: 16 
 
 Exhort, xiXfvta. 
 
 Exile, <pvyug. 1 : 9.-6 (fivyw, 
 1 : 7. — 6 iXTnnibix<og. 1 : 7. 
 
 Expedient, — it seems expedi- 
 ent, doxil. 
 
 Expedition, — I make an expe- 
 dition against, aiffajtvofim 
 fij. 1: 11. — Join in an expedi- 
 tion against, av<rTgaiivof/ui 
 irtl c. ace. 4 : 3. 
 
 Expel, ixfiuXXta, 1 : 7. 
 
 Express, Xiym. 2: 11. 
 
 Extend from, m^oimVw. 8: 10. 
 Extend beyond, f;w ylyvia' 
 Oui. 8: 23.— Extend down 
 xu&t'txuv. 4: 4. 
 
 Eye. oipdaXfAog. 8 : 27. 
 
 F. 
 
 Face about, avaaTQi(ft». 10: 8. 
 
 Fail, inXtitfa. 5 : 6. 
 
 Faithful, niatog. 
 
 Fall, Jii-Tiw.— Fall in with, ir- 
 ivyxav(a. 2: 27. — avrivyxarat. 
 10 ; 8.— Fall upon, inminiu. 
 8: 2— Fall upon (lit. fall 
 aror.nd, not in a hostile 
 se'ise), ntQiJtiJtfdi, 8 : 28. 
 
 Fa*se, — prove false, am false 
 to, ipevdofAm. 3 : 5* 
 
 y-ar off, n6qi<a. 3: 12.- Fir 
 
 VOCABiruiiY. 
 
 123 
 
 much (an intensive word), 
 
 nokv. 10: 10. 
 Fare, v. Trpartw. 9 : 10. 
 Father, nuirj^. 
 Favor, — receive favors, iv nua- 
 
 /o). 3: 4. 
 Fear, v. didoixa or Si9ut. — yo- 
 
 fiovftai, 9 : 9. 
 Fear, n.q>6tiog. 2: 18. 
 Fearlessly, udiUK;. 9:13. 
 Feet,— hundred feet, nXi^gov. 
 Fellow-soldier, cvaiqajimr^g. 
 
 2: 26. — Fellow-soldiers! uv- 
 
 dgig aiQaiiuijai. 3 : 3. 
 Few, oXiyoi. 
 
 Fidelity, JiiaioTijc. 8: 29. 
 Fight, ftaxofiai. 5 : 9. 
 Fill up, nlfiTtXrifii. 5 : 10. 
 Filled, fttaTog. 4:19. 
 Finally, ttXog. 9 : 6. 
 Find, fvgicrxw. 2: 25.— Find, 
 
 catch, xaiaXafiliuvio. 10 : 18. 
 
 Light upon, ^/TATv/Zavoi. 9 : 25 
 Fine-flavored, sweet, r,dig. 9 : 
 
 25.— Fine flour, wAiv^o*'. 10: 
 
 18. 
 First — after that, nQonov /tit — 
 
 ft 10 9i, 2: 16. 
 Fish, 2/dvff. 4: 9. 
 Flay, ^xdf^o). 2: 8. 
 Flee, (ftvyu (fut mid.).— Flee 
 
 for refuge, xaTaqp<i;/ai. 5: 13. 
 Flourishing, ivdalftutv. 5 : 10. 
 Flow, ^«. 2 : 7. — Flow round, 
 
 nf(HQ^ia. 5 : 4. 
 Fly, nitofiai. 5 : 3. 
 Follow, tnoftai, 3: 6. 
 Following, iinbty. The foil »w- 
 
 ingday. r,^rt<oi)(ro^f««^o. 7 'I. 
 Folly, kvi\d%io, 3: 16. 
 
 Fond of learning ifiXvfta^^g 
 9:5. 
 
 Food, vuiov. 10 : 18. 
 
 Foolish, tvrj^iy?. 3: 16. 
 
 Foot, novg. 5 : 3. — Foot forces, 
 ntj^oi. 10: 12. — dvvuf/ignf^rj, 
 3: 12.— On foot, Tif i://. 4: 18. 
 
 For, on account of; often de- 
 noted by the gen. without j 
 prep. — diu c. ace. 8 : 29. — 
 mxac. s:en. 9: 21. — For the 
 sake of, tvfxa c. gen. 5: 9. — 
 For, to ; oflener denoted by 
 the dat case. — elg. 1 : 9. — 
 For (an end in view), int c. 
 dat 3: 1.— For, conj. yng 
 (postpos.). — For what? 1/; 
 ace. synec. 3: 18. 
 
 Forage, jjfiAo's. 5: 7. 
 
 Force. — by force, fii«f. 4 : 4. — 
 Try to force, fitw^ofiat. 3:1. 
 Force a passage, eic^uXXw, 
 2: 21. 
 
 Forces, dvra/jiig. 1 : 6. — Foot, 
 equestrian, naval forces, dv^ 
 vafiig 71*^^, Imtixri, yavnxij. 
 3: 12. 
 
 Fordable, ^<«/5aTof7rfgJ. 4: 18. 
 
 Foreign friend, livog* 
 Foreign soldier, livog. 
 Foremost, the foremost, ol 
 
 Form, a/ii/i«. 10: 10. 
 Former, n^oif^of. 4: 12.— 
 
 Formerly, TiQoadfv. 3 : 18. 
 Fortified, ^(Hjurof. 2:8. 
 Fortress, wall, lei/os. 4: 4. 
 Forward, tig 16 ngoa^iv. 10 : 5 
 — Go forward, rrpoii^/. 2:17 
 
124 
 
 YOCABOLART* 
 
 I 
 I 
 
 Move forward (intrann), tnt- 
 jfoi(>o». 2 : 17. 
 
 Forward, v. «7i07rf/irfW. 1 : ^• 
 
 Fountiiin. K()rlMj. 2: 13. 
 
 Free, /Aft^f^o*:.— Free iVoin 
 care, adv. tifitlt)fiirM<f, 
 
 Freedom, iktvdfffla. 7 : 3. 
 
 Freely,— epcak freely, exhibit, 
 anoi;falvofiat. 6: 9. 
 
 Frequently, noAAM'xls^ 2 : 11. 
 
 Friend, if>ikof. 1: 2.--To be 
 treated ns a friend, uyanutj- 
 &ai. 9: 29. 
 
 Friendly,— am friendly, ivvoi- 
 icftV. f/w. 1: 5.— In a friendly 
 manner, JtQog (fdlav, 3: 19. 
 
 Friendship, tfulia. 3 : 5. 
 
 From, away from, ii;io.— Out 
 of ^K.— Communication from 
 (before the name of a per- 
 son, denoting agency), 7fa^« 
 c. gen. 
 
 Front, — in front of, hqo. 2: 17. 
 
 Frontier, adj. Mr/aTo?. 2:19. 
 
 Fugitive, the fugitive, 6 qxv- 
 yiar. 
 
 Full, nXr,ifri?. 2 : 7.— Half full, 
 itftidiri<:, 9: 25.--Full, com- 
 plete, M«i^«. 4: 13.— To be 
 full, nlrtdiiv. 8 : I. 
 
 G. 
 
 Ga'n, x«$>tV. 9: 17.— To be 
 greedy of gun. (fdoxi^dny. 
 9: 16. 
 
 Garriaon, <fvka*^. 1 : 6. 
 
 Gates, nvlai. 
 
 Gaxelle, do^nag. 5 ' 2. 
 
 General, JTrpnrij/of.— A»rt M 
 general, ai^fnttjyut. 3 : 15. 
 
 Gel, ii7/«»'oi. 4 : 15. 
 
 OilV dwifor. 2 : 27. 
 
 Girdle, i'oiiij. 6 : 10. 
 
 Give, didutfit. — urtudldotftt. 2: 
 11.— Give orderly ntiffityyik. 
 Aoi. 1 : 6. — Give out, grow 
 weary, unttyoi^tvot. 5'. 3.— 
 Give permisRion, //iir^iticu. 
 2: 19.— Give trouble, h^jm;'- 
 fitttn nnffixM* 1: H. — Give 
 way, innktvM. 8: 19— Give 
 way. give place to, v;io/(i»^w. 
 4: 18. 
 
 Gladly, tfiivK;. 2 : 2. 
 
 Go, «^»^o/ia<, ii/i«. 2: W.—fitti- 
 
 rot^ 7io{ffvoftin. 2: 1. — Go up, 
 
 urafiuhn. 1 : 2.— Go down, 
 
 nrntt^iaitu. 2: 22.— Go down, 
 
 8et(oftheBun). JiJitf^ru. 10: 
 
 15.— Go along, na(^n(fX*tftitt. 
 
 4: 4.— Go forward, n^oafu, 
 
 2: 17.— Go in, tUigzoftft, 
 
 2 : 21. — Go from, aniitxofiat. 
 
 9 : 29.— Go further, urai lov 
 
 ngoftti. 3: 1.— Go against, 
 
 iiVui inl c. ace. 3: 1.— Go 
 
 over, 3i«/3u»Vw. 2'. 6. — Goon 
 
 board (a ship), i^fialvia. 4 : 
 
 7. — Go into the power of, 
 
 li^/o^a/ Ttri (tc jf e<^n;> 2 : 26. 
 
 — Let go, a(f>itjfn, 3: 19. 
 
 Golden, adorned with gold, 
 
 XQvaovg. 2: 27.— Having v 
 
 gold-studded bridle, jt^vao- 
 
 Xaktvog. 2 : 27. 
 
 Gone, — am gone, oJ/o/uai. 4 : 8 
 
 Good, ayudo?. — It eeems good 
 
 doxft. 2:1. 
 
 TOCABULABY. 
 
 18b 
 
 Ooodr.eflR, (v^rrij. 4 : 8. 
 
 Goose, jfr]»'. 9: 20. 
 
 Govern, w^o«cri»^K«. 2: 1. — oig- 
 /w. 4: 10. 
 
 Governor, o uq^*"^' — Grie who 
 has bcoTi governor, o ui^lug. 
 4: 10. 
 
 Government, a^/»/. 1 : 3. 
 
 Grapple wnh, avfAnlmot. 9: 6. 
 
 Grateful, — am grateful. /«(»<>' 
 olda, 4: 15. 
 
 Grave, ni(fO(;. 6:11. 
 
 Greater, fttij^oir^ com p. nffif/ng. 
 The greater part, lu nokv. 
 4: 13. 
 
 Grecian (lit. of the Greeks). 
 gen. plur. of "Lkktjv, 
 
 Greek, "j.kktjv. 2: 14. — In the 
 Greek language, 'JdkrfVixbtg. 
 8: 1. 
 
 Ground, — on the ground that. 
 btg c. particip. 
 
 Guard, s. ifvku^ (denoting a 
 fingle person); (pvkax^ (col- 
 lective) ; — Body-guard *= 
 guards about one's selfj g>t'- 
 kuxtg nf(fl iaviov or -ir^y. 2 : 
 12. 
 
 Guard, v. (j^vkdtim. 2 : 1. 
 
 Guest, iiyog. 
 
 Guilty, — am guilty, adixot. 
 
 H. 
 
 Half* 7;/iiavg. 8: 22. — ?/it<n/,To. 
 
 9: 26.— Half eaten, ^/4//5(»w. 
 
 TO?. 9: 26.— Half full, Ifxidt- 
 
 rjg. 9 : 25. — Half more, riftto- 
 
 Aiov. 3: 21. 
 Halt, «o^«;:o^oi. 5:9.— Halt, 
 
 stand, lara^ai. 10: 12. — Halt, 
 unloose, xnrukvia. 8 : 1. 
 
 Hand. /f/^. 8:3. — On the other 
 hand. 'au. 10: 5. 
 
 Hang up, x(jtfiurvvfti. 2: 8. 
 
 Happen, ivy/i'tvM. 1 : 2. 
 
 Happy, tvditlfiiov. — Think, pro- 
 nounce hiippy, tidutftorlQu 
 7: 3. 
 
 Hard, harsh, jjfwilfwo^. 3: 12. 
 
 Harm, injure, udixoj. 4: 9. 
 
 Haste, anovdq. — With much 
 haste, nokkfj anovdfj. 8 : 4.— 
 Am in haste, amidoh 3: 14. 
 
 Hasten, oQfn7fiai. 2 : 5. 
 
 Have. */«•>• 2 : 1. — l<rn f4ot. 2 : 
 1. — I have, there is born to 
 me, yiyviial fiov, 1 : 1, 
 
 Hay, jjfdpTO?. 5: 5. 
 
 Head, xKfuki^. 8 : 6. 
 
 Hear, hear of, axovot. 2 : 5. 
 
 Heat, xavfitt. 7 : 6. 
 
 Heavy-armed-man, oTiklirfg. 
 
 Heights, uxQfx, lu, 2: 21. 
 
 Helmet, xQnvog, 2: 16. 
 
 Helper, <rw'P/o?. 9: 21. 
 
 Here, avrov. 3: 11. — Hither 
 (after a verb of motion), div» 
 go. 3: 19. 
 
 Hereupon, ix tovtov, 2 : 17. 
 
 Hill, yrjioifog. 5 : 8. 
 
 Hinder, xmXi'm. 3: 16. 
 
 Hired, — am hired. iii<T&oiftau 
 3: 1. 
 
 Hit, (with a dart or javelin.) 
 axorti^a. 8 : 27. — Am bit 
 with an arrow, to^tvofiai. 8 
 20. 
 
 Homage. — do homage to.n^- 
 xtnti. 6: 10. 
 
 4 
 
 
 ■1 
 
(26 
 
 YOCABULABT. 
 
 Kome, homeward, oXxadk (after 
 verbs of motion). 2: 2.— At 
 home, ofxoi. 1 : 10. 
 
 Honor, 8. ti^ij. 9: 29.— v. ti^w. 
 9 : 28.— Honor before, prefer 
 in honor, n^oitftut, 6 : 5. 
 
 Honorable, rlfiiog. 2 : 27. 
 
 Hope, ilnlg. 2: 11. 
 
 Horse, Xnnog.— On horseback 
 (with verbs signifying to 
 ride, to proceed, oxnudai, 
 ikavviiy, etc.) f(p 'innov: (with 
 verbs meaning to fight (/ia- 
 jfiCT^m), to hunt (^rufivuv), 
 Off 'innov, an o 'innov. 2 : 7. 
 
 Horseman, Inntvg. 5 : 3. 
 
 Hostile, noli/Aiog. 2 : 19. 
 
 How, in a direct question, nwg ; 
 in an indirect, onug, 3:11. 
 
 Hunger, Xiftog. 5 : 5. 
 
 Hunt, ^Tfiftioi, 2 : 7. 
 
 1. 
 
 I, denoted by the termination 
 of the verb. If any empha- 
 sis rests upon it, iyu is ex- 
 pressed. 3: 5.— I for my part, 
 I at least, fyaiyt. 3: 18. 
 
 If, ti (before the indie, and op- 
 tai) ; it*v (before the sub- 
 junct.). 
 
 Ul, badly, xax**;.— I (are ill, 
 naxtig OTfOTift). — I treat ill. 
 naxug noioi. 
 
 rmmediately, iv»vi. 5 : 8.— au- 
 %Ua (only of future time). 
 
 8: 2. 
 Implacable, /oAfjicc. 3: 12. 
 
 Implicitly,— most implicitly, ai 
 
 much as possible, p dwatvr 
 
 ftuXtaia. 3: 15. 
 Impose, inflict, ^;r«T*v>ij^i. 3: 10. 
 Impost, daafivg. 1 : 8. 
 Impracticable, impassable, a- 
 
 ftrjiavog. 2: 21. 
 In, into, tig c. ace. (after a verb 
 
 of motion).— In, it^ c. dat. 
 
 (after a verb of rest).— In 
 
 front of, n^b c. gen. 2 : 17. 
 Income, revenue, nQogodog, 9 ; 
 
 19. 
 Indeed, tit}, 3 : 5. 
 Indignant, — am indignant. /«- 
 
 linalvto. 4:12. 
 Induced, — am induced, iluyo- 
 
 fiui. 8: 21. 
 Inevitable,— it is inevitable, 
 
 aydynj. 6: 8. 
 Infest, TT^w/iaTo na^f/o). 1 : 11. 
 Inflict,— inflict punishment, dl^ 
 
 nT,¥ inni^nt^i. 3: 10.— Inflict 
 
 blows, 9TAi]/ot(//i/9ailAw. 5: 11. 
 Inhabitants, oU>'oixot;i«( c. ace. 
 
 or o«xot^T<( h c dat 2: 24. 
 Injure, odixcu (trans, or intrans. 
 
 in the pres.). 3 : 10. 
 Inner, lati&iv, 4 : 4. 
 Innkeepers, c» ta xan»^At7a 
 
 t^nvTig. 2: 24. 
 Inspect, naiaanonA (fut. and 
 
 aor. common, supplied from 
 
 %a%aanin%ofiai). 5: 12. 
 Instead oi; in preference to 
 
 oriJ c. gen. 7: 3. 
 Intelligent, ao^off. 10: 2. 
 I Interpreter, i^/ir^ytiV. 2: 17 
 I Ionian, Vonixo^. 1 : 6. 
 
 VOCABULARY. 
 
 131 
 
 J. 
 
 Jealous, — am jealous, ^xjlort- 
 
 fiovfim, 4: 7. 
 Join in an expedition against. 
 
 aviTTQativofiai ini c. ace. 4: 3. 
 
 — Join in a war against, crtyi- 
 
 nolffiu ngog c ace. 4 : 2. 
 Journey, oJo'?, tj. 
 Judge, 8. MQiT^g, 
 Judge, V. tcfflva. 9: 20.^yiyv(tni- 
 
 xw. 3: 12. 
 Just, dUaiog. 3 : 5. — Just as, 
 
 wgnf(f. 3 : 16. 
 Justice, dixaioiTvvij. 9: 16. 
 Justly, what is just, dlxaia 
 
 (neut plur. oCdixutog). 3: 5. 
 
 K. 
 
 Keeping, — in keeping with, 
 nQog c. gen. 2: 11. 
 
 King, fiaailtvg* — Am king, /Ja- 
 atlfvta. 1 : 4. 
 
 Kingdom, fiafriltltt, ^. 1:3. 
 
 Kinsman, a i7/er»i?. 6: 10. 
 
 Knee, /o>'u, TO. 5: 13. — Upon 
 the knees (after a verb of mo- 
 tion), nQog la yovata. 5: 13. 
 
 Know, o(da. 3:5. — Know well, 
 iv otda. — Know well, know 
 how, am acquainted with, 
 iilinaf*ai. 3:12. 7 : 3 : 25 
 — Know, decide, judge, yiy- 
 vtiaxu. 3 : 1%. 
 
 Knowledge, — without the 
 knowledge of, ludQtt c gen. 
 3: 8. 
 
 Laborious, /iZ/roro;. 3: 19. 
 
 Land, ylj, — By land, xara yffp. 
 
 Land, v. unofitfiu^w (trans.) 
 4: 5. 
 
 Language, — in the Greek lan- 
 guage, ^ElXrjvixbjg. 8 : 1. 
 
 Large, fiiyag. 
 
 Late, — am too late for, vaxtqu 
 c. gen. 7:12. 
 
 Later, adj. vaxfqog. — Adv. wre- 
 Q0¥. — A little later, ov noil 
 vaTfQov, 5: 16. 
 
 Laughter, yilag, 2 : 18. 
 
 Lay up, xarail&f/iai (reflex.). 
 3: 3. 
 
 Lead, uyot. — Lead away, unu' 
 yta. 3: 14. — Lead out, lead 
 forth, ilayoi. 6 : 10. — Lead 
 towards, ngogdya. 10: 9. 
 
 Leader, guide, i/ytfjuuv, 3 : 16. 
 
 Leap down, xaxantdta. 8 : 3. 
 
 Learn, fiav&dvoi. 9 : 4. — xaia» 
 fiav&uru. 9: 3. 
 
 Learning, — fond of learning, 
 <filofnt&r,g. 9 : 5. 
 
 Leave, lilnoa, 2 : 21. — Leave an 
 interval (of space or time), 
 dialtina. 8 : 10. — Leave be- 
 hind, xaralfinu. 2: 18.— 
 Leave behind, leave remain- 
 ing, vnoXunn. 2: 25. — Leave 
 oflf, cease, nuvofiai, 2 : 2. 
 
 Left, Bifdrvfiog. 2: 15. — The 
 (part) left, to imXunofttrop 
 8: 18. 
 
 Leisure, ff/oAiJ. 6 : 9. 
 
 Lest, fiq. 
 
 Letter, eniaToXtj. 6 : 3. 
 
 Level, ofAaXog, 5 : L 
 
 Levy, 6. avXXoyri. 1 : 6. 
 
 Levy, v. vvXliym. 1:7 
 

 128 
 
 VOCABULARY. 
 
 VOCABULARY. 
 
 129 
 
 Liberty, iliv^tqla. 7 : 3. 
 
 Lie, xiinai. 8, 27.— Lie in am- 
 bush, ividgfib). 6:2. 
 
 lieutenant, vnuQ^og- 8 : 5. 
 
 Life, /5/o?. I : L— One's life, to 
 aojfia, 9: 12. 
 
 Lift up, atQ(a. 5 : 3. 
 
 Light-armed-man, yvfivt'iiri;. 
 2:3. 
 
 Like, similar to, nttgnnlrjetog. 
 3: 18. — In accordance with, 
 jtQog c. gen. 2 : 11. — Just as, 
 ij<;n(Q. 8 : 29. 
 
 Like, am pleased with, jj^o^ai. 
 9: 26. 
 
 Live, gain a subsistence, C«cii. 
 5 : 5. — Live upon, dtayiyyo- 
 ftat iadifov. 5 : 6. — Dwell, 
 otxai. 1 : 9. 
 
 Lofty, I'^io?. 2: 22. 
 
 Long, fiaxQog. — A long time, 
 nolig XQovog. 9: 25. — Long 
 ago, ndXai. 4 : 12. — As long 
 as, img. 3 : 11. 
 
 Longer, yet, tii. 3: 9. — No 
 longer, oixin, ujjx«fi. 
 
 Look, fiXinta. — Look away. 
 oxro^iUTcu. 8:14. 
 
 Loth, — am loth, weycS. 3 : 17. 
 
 Love, ifdu, 9 : 28. 
 
 M. 
 
 Magnificently, ftfyaXoyiQfnaig. 
 4: 17. 
 
 Make (for myself), notovfiai. 
 Make an expedition against, 
 ajQcnevofAoi (Ig. 1: 11. — To 
 make one's head-quarters at, 
 i^fiaa&ai ix, etc. 1 : 9. — 
 
 Make of the highest inipor 
 tance, nfgl nXtiaiov noioipak 
 9: 7. — Make war, woif/iw. 1 
 5, 8, 9, U. — lOPnoXffiov Jioiov- 
 fiat. 5 : 9. — Make an agree 
 ment with, ari'W^t/ioi. 9: 7 
 — Make a treaty, anirdofiai 
 
 9:7. 
 Man, homo, ur&Qunog, vir, avTig. 
 
 2 : 20. 
 Manage, npa IT w. — Dispose, ^«- 
 
 OTt^l^^t. 
 
 Manager, oixoi'o/ioj. 9 : 19. 
 
 Manifest, di^Xog, 
 
 Manifestly, clearly, aatfutg, 4 : 
 
 18. 
 Manifold more, noXXartXvatog, 
 
 7: 3. 
 Many, noXXol. — As many as 
 
 possible, on nXilaiot. 1:11. 
 March, noQfvoftm. — March, 
 
 (spoken of the general), 
 
 iliXavvm. — March against, 
 
 aTQauvoftai eig. 1: 11. 
 Market, market-place, uyoQa, 
 
 2 : 10. 
 The market-men, oi i* i^g o- 
 
 yogag. 2: 18. 
 Master of, iyx^nxi^g. 7 : 7. 
 Meat, flesh, x^ca (nom. sing. 
 
 nqiag). 5 : 3. 
 *Meet, awaviui. 8 : 15. — inv/' 
 
 Xavta, 8 : 1. 
 Mentioned, — have mentioned, 
 ttfffjxa, 2:5. (A defective verb 
 
 pres. supplied by ffiifii fuL 
 
 Mercenary, ItVo^. 1: 10. — piV' 
 ^(HfoQog. 4 : 3. — The merce- 
 nary army, to JwixoV. 2 : 1. 
 
 Merchant-ship, oXxag. 4 : 6. 
 
 Messenger, ap'/tAoj. 2: 21. 
 
 Midnight, — about midnight, 
 nf(fi fiiaag vvxrag. 7 : 1. 
 
 Midst, fii*Jog, cf. in construction 
 Lat. medius. When the ar- 
 ticle stands before it, we 
 translate it, the middle^ the 
 central ; in the midst of, at 
 the midst of] xaiu iiiaov. 7 : 
 14. — In the midst between, 
 (with a verb of rest), iitialv 
 c. gen. 7 : 16 —(After a verb 
 of motion), dii ttiaov c. gen. 
 4:4. 
 
 Milesian, MiXrfatog. 
 
 Military,— am engaged in mili- 
 tary operations, aiQaitvofjiai, 
 2: 3. 
 
 Mill-stone, orog aXirrjg. 5 : 5. 
 
 Millet, fiiXivfj. — Millet-flour, 
 alxog fiikivrfi. 5 : 10. 
 
 Mind, advice, yvufitj. 6 : 9. 
 
 Mingle, xf{»nwvfii. 2 : 13. 
 
 Mischief] — do mischief to, xa- 
 Xittg 71 oita. 
 
 Missing, vnforrfg. 4: 7. 
 
 Mock, xaraytXat. 9: 13. 
 
 Money, ^^ij/i«ra. 1 : 9. 
 
 Month, /iiji'. 1 : 10. 
 
 Monthly, month by month, 
 xoTu /i^va. 9 : 17. 
 
 More, fiuXXov comp. of fiaXa. — 
 nXiotf comp. of noXv. 2: 11. 
 — More, yet, «rt. 6 : 8. 
 
 Morning, lotg. — The following 
 morning, ^ iTiioma tutg. 7:1. 
 
 Most, the very most, on nXna- 
 TOi. 1 : 11. 
 
 Mostly, cxidor. 8 : 25. 
 
 Mother, /iiirjg. 1 : 3. 
 
 Mount (a horse), avu^uitna in\ 
 
 c. ace. 8 : 3. 
 Mountain, ogog. 
 Move forward (intraPF ), ini^ 
 
 XotfiCi. 2 : 17. 
 Much, noXig. — Much TpyoBh 
 
 X(tr,fiaiu noXXu. 2: 12. 
 Mud, nr^Xog. 5: 7. 
 Multitude, nilr^t^o;. 7: 4. 
 
 N. 
 
 Name. s. vvofia. 2 : 23. — Name 
 call, V. xaXci. 2 : 8. 
 
 Narrow, aTivog. 4 : 4. — Narrow 
 place, QTsvoxotgia. 5 : 7. 
 
 Narrowly, a little, fnxgor. 3 : 2. 
 
 Nation, t&vog. — Nation by na- 
 tion, xaT« tdv^. 8 : 9. 
 
 Near, iyyig. 
 
 Necessary, — it is necessary, 
 unavoidable, avayxtj. — It is 
 necessary, needed, dti. — It is 
 necessary, expedient, /^ij. 
 3: 11. 
 
 Neck, jQfxxfjXog. 5 : 8. 
 
 Necklace, aTQemog. 2 : 2"^. 
 
 Need, — am in need, dio/iai, 9: 
 21. 
 
 Neglect, «/4f Aw. 3: 11. 
 
 Never, ovjioh (com. with the 
 future), oldinoTs (com. with 
 the pres. or fut.) ovdeniunoje 
 (only with the past) ; /ir^TroTc, 
 ftrfdinoTS and firfimiitnoTi are 
 used when the sense requires 
 this form of the negative. 
 1: 4.-6: 2. 
 
 Nex*, ixofifvog, 8 : 4. — On the 
 
 III 
 
180 
 
 VOCABULARY. 
 
 next day, ti) vanf^auf (sc. 
 fifiioq). 2: 21. 
 
 No longer, oi^xm, fir,*iMi. 
 
 No one, ovdug, ftrfiUg. 
 
 Noise, &6Qv^og. 8: 16. 
 
 Nonsense, ffXvagia. 3 : 18. 
 
 North, «pxio$. 7 : 6. 
 
 Not, ov ; ovx (before the smooth 
 breathing) ; or/ (before a 
 rough breathing) ; ov (when 
 it is the last word in the 
 clause) ; fin (when the sense 
 requires this form of the 
 negative). Not yet, ovnto, 
 fir\ina. 
 
 Nothing, ovdiv, fiifiiv 
 
 Notice, remembrance, vTiofivri- 
 fiu, 6 : 3. 
 
 Now, vify: now, already, ifiij. 
 
 Nowhere, oif^a/ioD. 10: 16. 
 
 Numbers, Tii^d^oj. 7: 4. 
 
 O. 
 
 Obey, nti&ofiat. 2 : 2.— Render 
 obedience, nu&aqx^ 9: 17, 
 
 Obliquely, ei? witt^ioy. 8: 10. 
 
 Observe, ^totqiit. 2: 10.— Ob- 
 serve, see, oqCi aor. ndov. 2 : 
 18. — Descry, xodopw. 10: 14. 
 — Fix the attention on, xaio- 
 rom, 2: 4. 
 
 Obtain, Tr/^dyw. 4 : 15. — Ob- 
 tain in return, uyittyoQa^w. 
 5: 5. 
 
 Occupy, «/w. 2 : 15. 
 
 Of, commonly denoted by the 
 gen. — Of one's own accord, 
 ini Tov avTOfidiov. 2: 17. — 
 Ik Toj/ ai'tofinrov. 3: 13. 
 
 Offender, evil-doer xaxovq/oi 
 
 9: 13. 
 Oflen, noXkttxig. 
 On, inl c. gen. i(p aqftaiog, 2 : 
 16.— ^;i* c. ace. (after a verb 
 of motion). 2: 22.— On horse- 
 back, a(p XnnoVt ano innov. 
 2: 7. This phrase is used 
 with ^riQfiiia, ftuxoftai and 
 wherever/row may be pred- 
 icated. Otherwise, as with 
 iXavviiv and oxflfr&ai, ifft Vtt- 
 T10V is used. — On the next 
 day, T^ vaitqnlff. 2 : 21. — On 
 foot, 7ifC/i- 4: 18.— On ac- 
 count of, often denoted by 
 the gen. without a preposi- 
 tion. — trtxa c. gen. 9: 21. — 
 ditM c. accusative — On this 
 account, (Jtu xotio. 2 : 8. 
 
 Once, on a certain occasion, 
 noxi (enclit.). 5: 7.— Once 
 for all, anal 9: 10.— At 
 once, ?<5i?. 
 
 One, «ij ; a certain one, i»? (en- 
 clit.).— One of opposite party 
 avuaiaviiaxfig, 1 : 10. 
 
 Onset, aiyodog. 10: 7. 
 
 Openly, (favtqoq, 6 : 8.— Openly 
 at least, tv y% tw tpavf^M, 3 : 
 21. 
 
 Opportunely, ng »o ^«o»'« 3: 8. 
 
 Oppose, xfuAi/oi. 2 : 21. 
 
 Opposed to, along by, xaio c. 
 ace. 8: 21. 
 
 Opposite, naiamnigag c. gen, 
 Ij 9,—avilog. 8: 17.— One 
 of opposite party, artiaiaai' 
 curv^c. 1 : 10. 
 
 Oppress. TTic'i^M. 1 : 10. 
 
 VOCABULARY. 
 
 181 
 
 Order, v,k(Iivu. — Give orders, 
 naQUj^yilkfa. 1: 6. 
 
 Order, law, vofiog. 2 : 15. — Ar- 
 rangement, military order, 
 ju^ig. 2: 18.— In order that, 
 ivu, wg, uJtotg, 
 
 Ornament, xocftog, 9 : 23. 
 
 Ostrich, (TTQovdog tj ftf/ulri. 
 5: 2. 
 
 Other, aUogi—iifgog. 2: 20. 
 This word denotes a more 
 marked difference than uXlog, 
 
 Ought, denoted by z9V* 4 : 14 ; 
 also, by dti and the verbal 
 in -tiog. 
 
 Out of, ix, i^ (before a vowel). 
 — Out of the way, ixnodbtv. 
 To put out of the way, ^x- 
 nodutv noitia&ai. 6 : 9.- 
 
 Outcry, xqavyrf. 2 : 17. 
 
 Outer, the outer, 6 clw. 4 : 4. 
 
 Overcome, yixoJ. 2 : 8. — Sur- 
 pass, ntqiyiyvoftat, 1 : 10. 
 
 Overpower, fiid^ofxai. 4 : 5. 
 
 Overthrow, xaiaaTp t'yw. 9:14. 
 
 Owe, oif it Iw, 2: 11. 
 
 P. 
 
 Palace, paaliiia^ la, 2 : 7. 
 Palm-tree, <pou'*|. 5 : 10. — 
 
 Fruit of the palm-tree. Pal' 
 
 avog ii u/io xov (foivixog. 5 : 10. 
 Park, nagddftaog, 2 : 7. 
 Part, specimen, ftiqog, 5 : 8. — 
 
 The greater part, to Ttolv. 
 
 4: 13. 
 Partridge, nigdil 5 : 3. 
 Pass, 8. iigpoli^. 2: 21. 
 Pass, spend, (of time) dta/lyvo 
 
 fiui. 10: 19. — Pass along, Ji» 
 
 qigx^liai. 8: 16. 
 Passage, nvi{)o!iog, 4 : 4. — Pa»» 
 
 sage over, vrKg/Sol^, 2: 25. 
 
 — Force a passage, tig/SuHtt. 
 
 2: 21. 
 Paternal, nargoiog. 7:6. 
 Pay, /ittf&og. 
 Pay, V. (Aia^bv dlSatfii, 1 : 10.— 
 
 fiia^or uTtodiduifii. 2: 12.— 
 
 Pay attention to.iytifiBlotfftai. 
 
 1:5. 
 Paymaster, fita&oduTtjg. 3 : 9. 
 Peace, — make peace with, xa- 
 
 lalvoi Ttqbg c. ace 1 : 10. 
 Perceive, aia^dvofiai, — Per- 
 ceive beforehand, ngoaia^d' 
 
 vofiai. 1 : 7. 
 Perish, aTtollvfiai (trans, in the 
 
 act); — djto&vTjaxoi. 9: 31. 
 Permit, ddot. 4: 7. — initgiTtta, 
 
 2 : 19. — It is permitted, tait^ 
 
 Perplexed, — am perplexed, «- 
 nogd. 3 : 8. 
 
 Persian, Iligatjg. 
 
 Persuade, nii^m. 
 
 Phalanx, tpdlayl 2 : 17. 
 
 Pigeon, ntqiaxfqd. 4 : 9. 
 
 Place, ;fwp/o»'. 2: 24. — Region, 
 xonog, 5 : 1. — Narrow place, 
 trx€vox(OQla. 5: 7. — In that 
 place, ivxuv&a, 2 : 1. — la 
 place (after a verb of motion 
 and denoting distribution), 
 x«Ttf j|f(i>(>«y. 5 : 17. 
 
 Place confidence in, Txiaxtvui. 
 2: 2. 
 
 Plain, 5^Ao$. 2: 11. — In plain 
 sight, xaxa<fnvi^g. 8 : 8. 
 
132 
 
 TOCABULARY. 
 
 VOCABULARy. 
 
 133 
 
 Plain, TrtdiW. 2: 22. 
 
 Plan, yywp«|. 8: 10. 
 
 Plea,— on the plea that, ug c. 
 
 parlicip. 1 . 10. 
 Pleased,— am pleasea. ii^o/ioi. 
 
 2: 18. 
 
 Pleasure, — wa»te in pleasure. 
 xa&rfivna&dt. 3 : 3. 
 
 Plot, 8. intfiovX^. 1 : 8. 
 
 Plot, Povltvoftni. 1 : 7.— Plot 
 against, inipovXtvia. 1 : 3. 
 
 Plunder, ctQitaCfi. 2: 25.— ^m^- 
 wd^Qi. 2: 19.— wyo^TrJCw. 2: 27. 
 
 Point out, intdiixvvfiai, 3 : 13. 
 
 Possess, ximrifiat. 7 : 3. 
 
 Possible, of such a nature as. 
 ologji. 3: 17.— Practicable, 
 awtnog. 8: 11.— As many 
 as possible, or* or ug nliia- 
 To* (often strengthened still 
 farther by dvyafiai) :—li is 
 possible, tffTi. 4 : 4. 
 
 Power, dvvafiig. — Am in the 
 power of any one, tifil ini 
 iivt. 1 : 4. — Go into the pow- 
 er of, H»jrof*«* ^*»'* **> /**?««• 
 
 2: 26. 
 Praise, «xr«t>w. 3: 7. 
 Pray, tvx^tiai. 4 : 7. 
 
 Prayer, lixn- 9: H* 
 
 Preparation, Tra^affxtvij. 2 : 4. 
 
 Prepare, provide, naqaantvaim. 
 10: 18.— Prepare in turn, in 
 opposition, avunaqaaxivaio- 
 
 ftai. 2: 5. 
 Present,— to be present, ;r«pH- 
 yoi. 1: 1.— Things present. 
 Ttt jftt^oyTCf. 3 : 3. — In the 
 present circumstances, ^x lov- 
 
 t«r. 3 : 11. 
 
 Present, gift, dui^ov. 9 : 22. 
 Present, v. didtafii. — Presen 
 hold forth, nf^ojiullofAai. 2 
 17. 
 Preserver, awir^^. 8:16. 
 Pretence, n(f6<faaig. 2: 1. — On 
 the pretence that, bjg c. par- 
 ticip. 
 Pretend, make pretence, nQog* 
 
 notoi'fiai. 3 : 14. 
 Pretext, n^oq^aaig. 1 : 7. 
 Prevent, xtalvto. 3 : 16. 
 Previously. n^ouQoy. 2 : 26. 
 Private, — private person, idiuh' 
 trig, 3: 11.— For one's own 
 private use, tig to idiov — iivL 
 3:3. 
 Produce, v. (pvu. 4 : 10. In- 
 trans. in the perf. and 2d aor. 
 act. 
 Profit, advantage, o(f»Ao?. 3: 11. 
 Profitable, xf(»^uAtoji 9: 17.— 
 Profitable, useful, dnfiXtfiog, 
 
 6: 2. 
 Promise, Intaxvoiftai, 2 : 2 
 Proof, 7ixfir,(ftov. : 29. 
 Prophet, soothsayer, ftuntg 
 
 7: 18. 
 Prosperous, ti'cJui/uaw. 2: 6. 
 Provide, na^aaxt I'M ^ft). 10: 18. 
 Provisions, ^TTiirl^iia, Tci. 3: 14. 
 —The act of taking in pro- 
 visions, i:KiaiJiafi6g. 5 : 9. — I 
 furnish myself with, take in 
 provisions, ^niaiTi'i^ojuoi. 4: 19. 
 Punishment, dixii.— To inflict 
 punishment, dixrjv intiidivai 
 3: 10. 
 Purchase, wior/ioi, aor. in^^iO' 
 ftrjv. 5: 6. — ayoQa^ 3* 14 
 
 — Purchase in return, uvia- 
 yoqaiiia. 5 : 5. 
 
 Purple, (foivixovg. 2 : 16. 
 
 Pursue. Sitaxvi, 4 : 8. 
 
 Put, place, Tt^jjfii.— Put any- 
 thing in its place, xaiuxfuftav 
 T« li&ffiai. 5: 17.— Put on, 
 ^yJiyoi. 8 : 3. — Put to death, 
 anoxiuroi. 1:3. 
 
 a 
 
 duarters, — to make one's head 
 quarters at, bQfiika&ui ix. 1 : 9. 
 
 Q,uick, rax^g» ^uiiuVf Ta/taio;. 
 2: 20. 
 
 Quickly, ra/tw?, laxv. 5 : 3. — 
 toxa. 8 : 8. — dia taxifav. 5 : 
 9. Comp. ^aiTO>'. sup. Ta/«r- 
 TB.— As quickly as he could, 
 71 idvvaxo Ta/iaia. 2 : 4. 
 
 R. 
 
 Raft, (T/f3/«. 5: 10. 
 Rank, Tul*?. 8: 19. 
 Rather, fitkliov, 1 : 8. 
 Reach, i^txyoifiat. 8 : 19. — 
 Reach, arrive at, vufixvovfuxi 
 
 tig- 2 1 2b. 
 
 Read, uva/iyrburxo). 6:4. 
 
 Readily, ffdifog. 2 : 2. 
 
 Ready, iioiftog. 6 : 3. 
 
 Rear,— in the rear, onia&iy. 
 10: 6. 
 
 Receive, take, hxfijiuvta. 2 : 26. 
 — Receive (pay) <;pe^ai. 3: 21. 
 Receive (a thing offered) 
 dixoftai. 8: j7 — Receive 
 favors tv nuax^' 3 • 4. 
 
 Reconciled, — become recon- 
 ciled with, xaiuXv(a nqog c. 
 
 ace. 1 : 10. — Am reconciled 
 
 with, avvaXXaiTOfiM ngog c. 
 
 ace. 2 : 1. — xuialkdxTOfim c. 
 
 dat. 6: 2. 
 Recover, take back, unokafAfiu' 
 
 va. 4: 8. 
 Reed, xukafiog. 5: 1. 
 Region, toJiog. 5:1. 
 Refuse, ov tprifii. 3 : 1. 
 Related, (by birth), yivunQog- 
 
 iiXiav. 6: 1.— (By the ties of 
 
 hospitality), ^ivog. 1 : 10. 
 Reluctant, — am reluctant ox- 
 
 vw. 3: 17. 
 Remain, fiivta. 2 : 6. 
 Remember, fiifivrifjiai. 7 : 5. 
 Repent, fiBTafiihi fioi. 6 : 7. 
 Reply, uJiox^iyofiai. 3: 20. 
 Report, ix(piQ(a. 9: 11. 
 Requite, oiU'lo/iat. 9: 11. 
 Rescue, (by entreaty), iJatTw. 
 
 1: 3. 
 Rest, — the rest of, o ullog, w 
 
 allot. 2 : 15. 
 Rest v. ayajiavofiai. 10 : 16 
 Restore, xardya). 1 : 7. 
 Restrain myself, dvixoiiai. 8: 
 
 26. 
 Retain, hold, ^mi. 4 : 7. 
 Return, — in return for, a^T^ 
 
 3: 4. 
 Revenue, n^ogodog. 9: 19.— 
 
 dudfiog. 1 : 8. 
 Review, iU^aaig. 2 : 9. — To 
 
 review, iliiaa^v noa^iv. 
 Revolt, d(fi(TTf]fii in the mid. 
 
 and in the perf. pluperf. and 
 
 2d aor. act. 1 : 6. 
 
134 
 
 VOCABULAET. 
 
 Rich, wealthy, nlovato^'. 9:16. 
 — To be rich, wAofxtTi'. 9: 19. 
 
 Ride^ ilai'vta. — Ride along, ride 
 by, n Off tlavvta. 2: 10. — Ride 
 uPf imekavvo}. 8: 13. 
 
 Right, JiSioj. 2: If. 
 
 Right-hand, dt^u. 6: 6.— On 
 the right, ir de^i^. 5 : 1. 
 
 Rightly, op^toif. 9: 30. 
 
 River, noiafAog. 2 : 5. 
 
 Road, 6d6g, 2: 13.— Wagon- 
 road, 0^0$ u/ia5tTo$. 2: 21. — 
 A public, trodden road, atti- 
 fiofiinj odog. 9: 13. 
 
 Rob, uifa{fnu^(a. 3: 14. — uno- 
 avXu. 4: 8. 
 
 Robe, arolri. 2 : 27. 
 
 Round about, xvxXm, 5: 4. 
 
 Rout, T^oni}. 8 : 25. 
 
 Route, bdog. — By the shortest, 
 the quickest route, i^y ra/iV- 
 tfjv Mv. 2 : 20. 
 
 Royal, /9aaa«iO(. 10: 12. 
 
 Rugged, o/i'^of. 2 : 22. 
 
 Ruining. — am ruining, li^inl- 
 rofiat, 3: 16. 
 
 Rule, u^/w. 9: 4. 
 
 Run, T(}ixm. 5 : 2. — Run away 
 from (by stealth), oTtodidQua. 
 »tt». 4 : 8. — Run forward, 
 TtQOJQixfa. 5 : 2 — Begin to 
 run (lit a running begins to 
 me), dQOfiog ylyvnnl fioi. 2 : 
 17. 
 
 Running, with a running pare, 
 ^oftot. 5: 3. 
 
 Sacrifice, U^or. 8 : 15. 
 
 Sad, — am sad, Xvnoiftm. 3: 8 
 Safe, aatpaliig. — In the Siifusl 
 
 (place, condition), eV auifa 
 
 XiaiuTbf. 8 : 22. 
 Safely, aaff)aXug,—tau^oy,—i(r 
 
 lata. 
 Sail, JiAtfti.— Sail away, «;i* 
 
 nXito. 3: 14. 
 Sail, iailov* 5 : 3. 
 Same, avjig with the article 
 
 before it. 
 Satisfy, ^fAninXrj/jn, 7 : 8. 
 Say, Xiyfa. — Say, affirm, ifrifiL 
 
 fut. f^w. — U is said, Xiyuat. 
 
 2: 8. 
 Scar, ditiiXtj. 9 : 6. 
 Scarce, anuviog. 9 : 27. 
 Scatter, diaaitii/ta. 8 : 25. 
 Scimeter, uxivuxijg. 2 : 27. 
 Scythe, d(finavoy. 8: 10.— 
 
 Scythe-bearing, Jyenan^j^d- 
 
 Qog. 8: 10. 
 Sea, ^aXana. — By sea, xara 
 
 ^uXattav, 
 Seasonably, tig lo ddor, 3 : 8. 
 Seasons, utgai. 4 : 10. 
 Secret, — to be kept secret, 
 
 anoQ^t^xog* 6: 5. 
 Secretly, expressed by the 
 
 verb Xitvdavia. For the con- 
 struction, see 1 : 9. 
 See, o^w. 2 : 18. — See, discov- 
 er, ^lo^cu. 3: 15. — See before, 
 
 TtQooQijii. 8: 20. — See that, 
 
 oTiatg c. fut. indie. 7 : 3. 
 Seems, it seems, Honti. — It 
 
 seems good, expedient, iouti 
 
 3: 11.— 2: 1. 
 Self, avxog in apposition witk 
 
 a noun or pronoun. 
 
 TOCABULABT. 
 
 laa 
 
 Sell, ntuliui. 5 : 5. 
 
 Send, nifiTifa. — Send away, 
 anonifinui. 1 : 3. — Send for, 
 fiiTandfATiofiat. 1 : 2. — Send 
 with, avfiJiifiJiu. 2: 20. — 
 Send orders, nuqayyiXXta. 2 : 
 1. 
 
 Sent for, fttiajtrfinjog. 4 : 3. 
 
 Separated, — to be separated, 
 drawn asunder, dtaanua&ai. 
 6: 9. 
 
 Servant, ^fffaTnor. 8: 28. — 
 vniiQitrig. 9: 18. 
 
 Serve, do service to, ^fQanivw. 
 9: 20. — Serve, to be a vntj- 
 ^'rijc, vJitj^etHv, 9: 18. 
 
 Set (of the sun), Jto/iai. 10: 15. 
 
 Set out, nogivofiai. 
 
 Settle, Madiairffit. 
 
 Several, txaarot, 1 : 6. 
 
 Sew together, avanaoi. 5 : 10. 
 
 Shall have, etc., denoted by 
 the adverb dv with the 
 aor. subjunct. in dependent 
 clauses: by the perf. act. 
 particip. with the fut of cc/i* 
 in independent clauses. 
 
 Shield, avnlg. 
 
 Ship, ravg. — War-ship, TQir,^g, 
 — Merchant ship, oJlxa;. 
 
 Short, — a short distance, /^Qa- 
 XV, 5 : 3. 
 
 Shout, qp^£//ojuai. 8: 18. 
 
 Shouting, xQavyti, 7 : 4. 
 
 Sick, — am sick, uadivw. 1 : 1. 
 
 Side, — on every side, nuyTtj. 2 • 
 22.— On both sides, Ixartpw- 
 ^tr, 8 : 13. — On the side of 
 w^o. 4: 4. — On the other 
 •id», nifjav. 5 : 10. 
 
 Sideways, fig nXuyiov, 8 10. 
 
 Seize, Xufiflaria. — Seize before- 
 hand, ngoxuTaXafi^uvot. 3 : 
 14. 
 
 Sight, — in plain sight, xara^a- 
 yr/g. 8 : 8. — In the sight of, 
 ngbg c. gen. (A solemn ibrm 
 of asseveration). 6: 6. 
 
 Silent, — am silent, aiwjibt, 3: 
 2. 
 
 Silently, (nyji. 8:11. 
 
 Silver, aQyvgtov. 
 
 Similar, 7iaQajiXr,(noi;. 3: 18. 
 
 Since, because, inti. 3 : 5. This 
 idea is often denoted by the 
 particip. alone. 
 
 Sink, xuTadvui. 3 : 17. 
 
 Sit, xu&r^fiai. 
 
 Skill, aocjtta. 2 : 8. 
 
 Skilful, ^aj-oV. 9: 19. 
 
 Skin, dtQfia, 2: 8. — Tanned 
 skin, dup&tQa. 5 : 10. 
 
 Slave (by capture) urdgomo- 
 dov. 2 : 27. 
 
 Slay, anoxtfirw. — Slaughter, 
 aq>al^ta. — Kill, xaiaxnivfo = 
 xaxaxxtivbi. : 2. — 9: 6. 
 
 Sleep, xa&€id(a. 3 : 11. 
 
 Slow, — am slow to, vxvw. 3: 17. 
 
 Slowly. ^gaditag, 8: 11. — Slow- 
 ly, leisurely, axoXaltag. 5: 
 9. 
 
 Smite, strike, nuim. 8 : 26. 
 
 So — as, ovioi or ot/Toi; — «j. 2: 
 15. — So as, oicre. 1 : 5. — So 
 far as this person is concern- 
 ed, to xnxix xovxov Hvat. 6: 
 9. 
 
 Sobriety, owf^oavvr,, 9: 3. 
 
 Soldier, aT^orTiewTij;.— oJil/r^t 
 
 •| 
 
 \ ■ 
 
136 
 
 VOCABULARY. 
 
 heavy-armed soldier. — ntX- 
 taaxfiq, targeteer.— ;'i;/i»'^n?c 
 or ^nloi^ light-armed soldier. 
 Some, tviot, — Some, certain 
 persons, Tiviq. 7 : 5. — Some 
 — others, ol fih — ot ds. 
 Somehow, nu^ (enclit.). 
 Sometimes, iviou. 5 : 2. 
 Son, naig. 1 : 1. 
 Sooner, earlier, JiQoxfQog. 2 : 25. 
 
 — Adv. -d^uTTov. 5 : 8. 
 Sound a trumpet, atxlni^ot. 
 Source, nrjyrj. 2 : 7. 
 South, fAiarifi^Qia, 7 : 6. 
 Sovereignty, uQXf'h 1 ' 2. 
 Speak, jlc/w.— Speak the truth, 
 speak truly, ahi&ivta, 7 : 18. 
 Spear, dug v. 8: 18. 
 Specimen, part, ftigog. 5 : 8. 
 Speed,— at lull speed, aya xqu- 
 
 TO?. 8: 1. 
 Spend (of time), diayiyrofim. 
 10: 19.— Expend (of money), 
 da7iav(a. 1 : 8. — 3 : 3. 
 Spices, a^<u/uara. 5: 1. 
 Splendor, XufiiifjoiTig, 2: 18. 
 Split, a^t^w. 5: 12. 
 Squander, xa&r^dvTia&w. 3: 3. 
 Stand, c(rri}xa (in this sense in 
 the perf. pluperf. and 2d aor. 
 act and throughout the mid.) 
 3: 2.— Stand armed, it^f^a* 
 TO onla. 5 : 14. — Stand £isun- 
 der, diMJufint. 8 : 20. 
 Standard, arniiiov, 10: 12. 
 Station, arrange, TOTToi. 9: 31. 
 Stay, remain, fi«Voi. 2 : 21. 
 Steep, oq^iog. 2: 21.— ^rpai^V 
 5 : 8. (Down hill opposed to 
 o^^to(, up hill ) 
 
 Stone, Udoq. 5 : 12.— Stune tu 
 death, naiannqbt, 3: 2.— »«• 
 laliva. 5: 14. 
 Strength, laxiq- 8 : 22. 
 Strong, ta/i'^os. 5: 9. 
 Strongly, Ux^'gia^' 2: 21. 
 Struck.— am struck with terror, 
 
 ixTiXriTiofiai. 8: 20. 
 Subject, vnrixoog. 6 : 6. 
 Subjugate, xmaajQiffoa* 9 ; 14. 
 Subsequently, vanQov. 
 Subsist upon, dtayiyvofiai da- 
 
 ^ibiv. 5 : 6. 
 Succeed, xurarrpaiiw. 2 : 2.— 
 Succeed another, dindixo- 
 fiat. 5 : 2. 
 Successful, — am successful, for- 
 tunate, fiTrjfcu. 4:17. 
 Suffer, ndax(o. 9: 6.— «v ;roo/«, 
 1 receive favors. 3 : 4. — Suf- 
 fer, permit, ida, 4: 7. 
 Sufficient, ixavog. 7 : 7. 
 Summon, naQaxaldi, 6 : 5. 
 Sun, ^liog. 10 : 15. 
 Superior. — become superior to, 
 
 negiyiyyofiai, ] : 10. 
 Superior to. /^€*n(u»'. 7 : 3. 
 Supper, diiTtvoy, — Without 
 supper, adfiTivog. 10: 19.— 
 Supper-time, ^o'pTt^tfTOff. 10* 
 17. 
 Supply, u<f&ovia. 9: 15. 
 Support, T^o<jpiJ. 1 : 9. 
 Support, v. i()iq)ta. 1 : 9. 
 Suppose, rofjiiCat. 2 : 27. 
 Supposition, — on the supposi- 
 tion that, tag c. particip. 
 Surpass, am over and above, 
 ntQuifii. 8: 13. — Surpass 
 conquer, i ixai. 9 : 11. Sur 
 
 VOCABULART. 
 
 137 
 
 pass, become over and above, 
 
 mgiylyvofiat, 1 : 10. 
 Surprised, — am surprised, 
 
 •&avfAni^w. 3 : 3. 
 Surround, xvxAcu. 8: 13. 
 Suspect, vTTOJTTci'oi. 3: 1. 
 Suspend, xQffidryvfii. 2 : 8. 
 Suspicion, vTioy/ta. 3:21. 
 Sweet, fine-flavored, tidvg. 9: 
 
 25. — Sweet-scented, tliudijg. 
 
 6. r 
 
 T. 
 
 Table-companion, vfioigdnt^og. 
 8:25. 
 
 Take, laft(im(a. 1: 2— Take 
 away, dipaigoiftai. 9 : 19. — 
 Take back, uTiola/j^uvat. 4 : 
 8. — Take beforehand, ngoxa- 
 raXafjfidvoi. 3: 14. — Take any 
 one captive, ^(Jjvtu jiva uIqw. 
 6: 2. — Take command, lead, 
 aiQairiyiu. 3: 15. — Take coun- 
 sel. /Joi^itiJo/iat. 1: 4. — Take, 
 lead, ayu. — Take under 
 (one's protection), vnoXuft- 
 fiiiyu. — Take vengeance up- 
 on, Tifio)Qovnai. 3 : 4. 
 
 Talent, idXavTor, 7 : 18. 
 
 Talk, mere talk, (fXvagla. 3: 18. 
 
 Tame, ngaog. 4 : 9. 
 
 Tamely, wpao)?. 5:14. 
 
 Tanned skin, diqidiga. 5: 10. 
 
 Targeteer, ntXraairig. 2 : 9. 
 
 Taste, yivo/iat. 9 : 26. 
 
 Tender, anaXog. 5: 2. 
 
 Tent, axiyvii. 2: 18. 
 
 Tent-cover, cxijtaafia. 5:10. 
 
 Tennination, TtXtvri. 1 : 1. 
 
 Terrified, — am terrified. At- 
 nXrfTTOfiai. 5 : 13. — Am much 
 terrified (lit. much terror is 
 to me), (po^og noXvg iaii f40i, 
 2:18. 
 
 Than, ^. 1:5. 
 
 That, denoting a subordinate 
 declaration after the verba 
 sentiendi, is generally ex- 
 pressed by the accus. and 
 infinitive or participle : after 
 verbs expressing or implying 
 a declaration, {verba decla- 
 randi), on or wg with a finite 
 mood is commonly used: that, 
 so that, b)g. 1 : 5. — That, in 
 order that, onwg, 1 : 4. — iVa. 4 : 
 18. — (After verbs of fearing) 
 ^»J, like the Lat. ne. — At that 
 time. Tore. 2 : 12. — After that, 
 
 (ha, EJidxa. 
 
 Then, Toif. — Then, after that, 
 €iT«, tnuia. 3 : 2. — Then in- 
 deed, tv&a di 8: 24.— Then, 
 accordingly, (denoting an in- 
 ference which follows natu- 
 rally, in accordance with 
 what might be expected), 
 uga. 7: 18. 
 
 There, iviav&a. 2: 1. — avju&i. 
 4: ^.—ixu. 8 : 12.— u'^a. 5: 8. 
 
 Think, riyovfiui. 2 : 4. — vofii^ai. 
 — oiofiaiy oifini. (For the pe- 
 culiar force oColfiai^see Lid. 
 and Sc. sub. oi'ofiai.) 
 
 This. oviog.—Of a person )r 
 thing present, ovxoai. 6: 6ii 
 
 Thracian, Oga%. ] : 9. 
 
 Through, 5t« c. gen. 2 : 5. 
 
 Throw, 'irjii. 5: 12. — ginxm. 5: & 
 
I3» 
 
 YOCABULART. 
 
 Thus, (ai above-mentioned) 
 
 oi/iw, before a vowel, ot/rcD;. 
 
 1 : 9. (As follows), u.de. 6: 5. 
 
 — Toiof^c. 3: 2. 
 Till, TfptV. 1: 10. 
 Time, xifopog.—hong time, xro- 
 
 Ivs /(joVo^. 3: 2.— Proper 
 
 time, high time. b,^a. 3: 11. 
 
 — At that time, tort. 2: 12. 
 
 — At the Bame time, <"/i«. 2 : 
 
 9. 
 
 To; often expressed by the dat. 
 without a preposition when 
 motion is not denoted. — nQot; 
 c. ace. 1 : 5.— w? (only belore 
 names of persons). 2:4. — To, 
 into, eU. 2 : 8.— To, as far as 
 to, inl c. ace. 2: 5.— To the 
 number of, tiV 2: 3. — To, up 
 to, p/?* or fiixQ^i- — To the 
 region where, (iixd^gov, 7: 
 0. 
 
 Together, vftov. 10:8. 
 
 Toil, Tioyw. 9: 19. 
 
 Touch, anxofiai* 5 : 10. 
 
 Towards, inl c. ace. 2 : 17. — 
 TifpJ c. ace. 4; 8. 
 
 Track, fool-print, i/iiov. 6 : 1. 
 — Beaten track, aiifiog. 
 
 Transport, transport-vessel, 
 nloiov. 
 
 Treacherous, dokiog. 4 : 7. 
 
 Treasures, ;jfpi;/*aia. 
 
 Treat ill, xaxutg noiut. 4 : 8. 
 
 Treated,-— to be treated as a 
 friend, ayanaadni. 9 : 29. 
 
 Treaty, anovdul. 9: 8. — Make 
 a treaty, anivdoutn. 9 : 7. 
 
 Tree, dird^or. 2 : 22. 
 
 Trial, ngiaig. 6 : 5. 
 
 Trouble, give trouble, n^uyfta 
 
 TO 7ra^f/oi. 1 : 11. 
 Troubled,— am greatly trou. 
 
 bled, /aAintos* <piQta, 3 : 3. — 
 
 troubled, arii»ffnu. 2:11. 
 True, alti^ivog, 9: 17. 
 Truly, by the gods, ^u Toi« 
 
 ^lovg. 4 : 8. 
 Trumpet sounds, oaXjtll^n (im- 
 
 pers.). 2: 17. 
 Trustworthy, niffTo?. 
 Try, nnQutfiM. 1 : 7.— Try to 
 
 force, compel, fiiti^ofiai, 3 : I. 
 Tunic, /iTcii*'. 2: 16. 
 Turn about, face about, wia- 
 
 ai^c^cD. 10: 8. 
 
 U. 
 
 Uncovered, bare, tpdog, 8 : 6. 
 Under, vni r. ace. (after a verb 
 
 of motion). 8: 27. 
 Unjust, uditcog. 6: 8.— Unjust 
 
 towards, udmog nt^^l c. ncc. 
 
 6:8. 
 Unjustly, by unjust means, t* 
 
 loii udixov. 9: 16. 
 Unobserved by, denoted by 
 
 Xav&urw. 3: 17.— I do any 
 
 thing unobserved by any one. 
 
 luvvfarbi rivu noiutv ii ; or 
 
 with less emphasis on the 
 
 first word, Xurxfurutv itvit notm 
 
 T*. Cf Ti7;f«rfti,qp^«i«,5i(x7'«t 
 Unprepared, anuQaaxtvog, 1 : 6. 
 
 Less prepared, anaQmrxtvuff' 
 
 iviiQog. 5 : 9. 
 Unrequited, uxagtaiog. 9 : 18. 
 Unsparingly, — most unBpa^ 
 
 ingly, vnffiiUiTTuia. 9* 13. 
 
 VOCABULARY. 
 
 139 
 
 Until, fujh. 1 : 10. — roaovroy 
 
 Xifovoy—iijxe. 9:11. 
 Unwillingly, axtar. 3:17. 
 • Up, ava ; 1 go up, uva^airta. — I 
 
 go up upon, I ascend, uvw 
 
 ^uivoi inl c. ace. 2: 22. — Up to, 
 
 /ic/^t or (*ix9*^' 7 : 6. 
 Upon, inl c. gen. (after a verb 
 
 of rest). 2: 21. — iJtl c. ace. 
 
 (after a verb of motion). 2 : 
 
 22. — Upon this, iu roviou. 2: 
 
 17. 
 Upward, uiw. 2:1. 
 Urge, xikfVfa, 
 Use, V. XQoiofiai. 3 : 1 8.— Used 
 
 to^ denoted by the imperf 
 
 tense. Note, ch. 1 ; (2). 
 Use, — for one's own private 
 
 use, ilg TO idiov — iivi. 3 : 3. 
 Useful, /^)2<ri/io;. 6: 1. 
 
 V. 
 
 Valuable, (worthy of much). 
 
 nollov uUog. 3: 12.— The 
 
 (things) most valuable, 7a 
 
 nltiaiov a^ia. 4 : 7. 
 Variety, — of every variety, 
 
 naviodanog. 2 : 22. 
 Vengeance, — take vengeance 
 
 upon, TifibtQovfiai. 3: 4. 
 Venison. ikd(fEtu (x^<a). 5 : 2. 
 Very, fidla. 
 Vessel, ship, ravg ; — vessel for 
 
 wine, filxog or filxog. 9 : 25. 
 Victorious, — to be victorious, 
 
 ux^y. 10: 4. 
 Victory, vlxt]. 8: 16. 
 Village, KWfiij. 4 : 9. 
 Vine, ufiTftlog. 2 : 22. 
 
 Violently, t<r/i;^cu^. 5: 11. 
 
 Virtue, ti^tri^'. 
 
 Voluntarily, (as a volunteer), 
 
 i^tkoyri^g. 6: 9. 
 Voluntary, ixtav, 1 : 9. 
 
 W. 
 
 Wage war, nokffiCa, 1 : 5, 8| ^ 
 11. 
 
 Wages, fiiadug. 
 
 Wagon, lifiu^a. 5 : 7. — Wagon- 
 road, odog u/iaUtog. 2 : 21. 
 
 Wall, fortress, Ttlxog. 4 : 4. 
 
 Wander, nkavGtfiai. 2 : 25. 
 
 Want, V. diofAui. — Want little, 
 oki/ov data. 5 : 14. 
 
 Want, 8. ttdeia. 10 : 18. 
 
 War, nokffiog. 5: 9.— Wage, 
 carry on war, nokfftw. — Join 
 in a war against, avfinokf/ia 
 Tif/og c. ace. 
 
 War-chariot, li^fia. 2 : 16. 
 
 Ward off aki^ofiai, 3 : 6. 
 
 Wares, m'la, id. 2 : 18. 
 
 Waste in pleasure, xa^rfivnu" 
 &u. 3: 3. 
 
 Watch-word, avy&tifia, 8: 16w 
 
 Water, vdot^. 5 : 7. 
 
 Way, road, odog, 2: 13. 
 
 Weak, ua^iv^g. 5 : 9. 
 
 Wealthy, niovaioc. 9: 16. 
 
 Wear, q>0Qfjj. 8 : 29. 
 
 Weary, — grow weary, uJia/O' 
 Qfina. 5: 3. 
 
 Weep, daxQvoi. 3 : 2. 
 
 Well, tv. 4 : 8.—xakCig. 2 : 2. 
 — To do well by, tv nouly. 
 6 : 9. — To be well, to go well 
 with, xttkdtg lyjiv. 8: 13.— 
 
 M 
 
140 
 
 VOCABULAKT. 
 
 Well-peopled, oixor/i"o?- 4 : 
 1.— Wei -watered J iniQivio^. 
 2: 22. 
 
 Wet,/5f«>w. 4: 17. 
 
 What, It i—o It (in an indirect 
 question) ; — of what sort, 
 qualis, olog. 3 : 13. — For 
 what, in what, ir. 3: 18. 
 
 ace. syn. 
 When,— at the time when, ore. 
 2: 9.— When = after, iniL 
 2: l.—inudi 3: 4.— When 
 !■ often denoted by the par- 
 ticip. in Greek. When, (the 
 definite time when), ntivlxa 
 (interrog.) ; ^»'^x« (relat.). 8: 
 
 1. 
 Whence, o^fv (relat). 3 : 17. 
 Where (relat. adv.), oi'. 2: 22. 
 — jiou (interrog.); noi (in- 
 terrog. with a verb of mo- 
 tion). 
 Wherefore, olv (postpos.). 1 : 6. 
 It denotes an inference ; ont* 
 followed by the indicative 
 denotes a consequence, a re- 
 ■ult, and may be rendered, 
 tcherefore. 1 : 8.— 3t* o, on 
 account of which fact, for 
 which reason. 2: 21. — 5*« 
 10VT0, for this reason. 2:8. 
 Wherever, owij (with a verb of 
 motion) ;— ojioi; (with a verb 
 of rest). 3: 6. 
 Whether, «. 3; 5.— Whether 
 — or, noxfQov^Ti. 4 : 13. ^ 
 While, (in what time), iv w. 
 10: 10.— IKAi/e is often de- 
 noted by the participle, e. g. 
 noXilAovnuv. 1 : 8. 
 
 Who, what, TiV, i/.— Sk'»«f, »i»«C, 
 '6 Ti (in indirect questions). 
 
 Whoever, ogrig. 1 : 5. 
 
 Whole, Iiio«. 2: 17.— ti*^ with 
 the article prefixed. 
 
 Wholly, '»a»'T"^«<'*»'« 2: 1. 
 
 Why, ti, ^*« »* ('" ^ *^*'**^^^ 
 question). 3i o, di a (rela- 
 tive). 3: 15. 
 
 Width, ti'^o?. 2: 23. 
 
 Wife,yi;>^. 2: 12. 
 
 Wild, «/?<05. 2: 7. 
 
 Wine, oiro?. 2: 13. 
 
 Wing, nii^vl 5 : 3.— xt^of (of 
 an army, lit horn). 10: 
 
 9. 
 Wisdom, aoifia. 2: 8. 
 Wish, (iovkofiui, 1 : 1. — iOiXtn, 
 
 2: 26. 
 With, avv (in company with) : 
 
 —.fina (participating with) : 
 
 — naga c. dat. (by the side of). 
 
 1 : 5.— The participles t/oir, 
 
 often be translated, with. 2 : 
 3,5,6.-3: 4, 7:— ft/ri (lit. 
 from, denoting the means). 
 
 1:9. 
 
 Withdraw, anoxcH}^. 2: 9. 
 
 Within, «raw c. gen. 2: 21. 
 
 Without, ilta. 4 : 5. (without 
 = on the outside). — uvtv 
 (without == destitute of) c. 
 gen. 3: 11.— Without the 
 knowledge oi; la&ga c. gen. 
 3 : 8. — tttyog (without «* 
 empty) c gen. 8 : 20. — 
 Without order, axaKios. 8 s 
 2. 
 
 Wonder, ^«t'/i«C«. ^O' ^^-"^ 
 
 VOCABULARY. 
 
 141 
 
 To be wondered at, ^avftaa- 
 
 tog. 9: 24. 
 Wood, tvlor. 5: 12. 
 Work, t{iyov. 9: 18. 
 Worse, xaxiov, 9 : 10. 
 Worsted, — to be worsted, fiilur 
 
 tX^iv. 10: 8. 
 Worth, — itisworth,^i;i'aT«i. 5: 
 
 6. — Worth much, valuable, 
 
 Ttollov uliog. 3: 12. 
 Worthy, a^tof.— Worthy of 
 
 admiration, ayaaiog, 9 : 
 
 24. 
 Wound, iHQfaania. 8 : 26 j 
 
 Write, yguffn. 6:3. | 
 
 Y. 
 
 Yet, o/ift)ff. 8: 23. (yet == nev- 
 ertheless). — tTL (yet = long- 
 er. — nau (yet = up to this 
 time). 2 : 26.— Not yet, ovnta. 
 — No longer, ovxiii. 
 
 Yield, nn&ofiat, 3 : 6. 
 
 Young, riog. — (ure^oc, — wiujog, 
 1:1. 
 
 Z. 
 
 Zeal, ngo&vfila. 9 : 18. 
 Zealous, nQo&vfxog. 3: 19. 
 
A LIST OF THE IRREGULAR VERBS 
 
 WVOLVED IN THESE EXERCISES, WITH THE PRINCIPAL FAlTl 
 WHICH ARE USED BY THE ATTIC WRITERS. 
 
 uyafAtti, I admire, uyaaofiat, 
 
 a/t/^cii, / collect, assemble, uyf- 
 
 Qw, aor. ?/"?«, pass. perf. 
 
 ayriyfQfiat, aor. iiyiff^n^- 
 uyoi, I Uad, alw, perf »jr«. ao*"- 
 
 iyuyov, pass. perf. i//*"*. aor. 
 
 4f dij^ aor. mid. r}yay6fir)V. 
 
 aor. fUoy, pass. fi?»j/ia*, //?«'- 
 
 attfdu>'o/<«i, / perceice, aia^ij- 
 
 ao/i«t, fiadfifiai, aor. fi(T»6fitiv. 
 
 axot'W, / Aear, axouao/iai, ax^- 
 
 jco«, ?xov(ra, pass, perf and 
 
 aor. ?xou(yfiot, r^xovad*^*'. 
 ttJU$o/«ai, / arcrr /rom myself, 
 
 ali^naofiai, riUlafitiV. ^ 
 uifimCfo, I seize, snatch, agnuata 
 
 and aQTiaaofiai, riQnaxa, aor. 
 
 ij^Tiaao, pass. perf. and aor. 
 
 riQnaafiait r,i}7taa9r}v. 
 oKfixyoiffivti, I arrive, a<pltofnn, 
 
 offiyfiatj aiftxofttiy. 
 u/doftai, J am weighed down, 
 
 dispfea$ed. a^^iaofiai, rj(9i(T- 
 
 ^alvia, I go, walk, Pt,ffOfAai, fli- 
 
 /3i]xa, aor. t^fiy. 
 flakXui, J cast, /?ttiw, §tfilri*a, 
 
 fioilofitti, I wish, fiovlfnTopm, 
 fif^ovltllAni, iflovl^^n^ and 
 
 ydd (aw), / laugh, yiXaaofim, 
 
 sometimes yflaata, iyiluaa. 
 ytyyoiiM, 1 am born, become, 
 ytyr,<rofiai, yfyirtifiM and yi- 
 yoya, {yiyofttiy, 
 yiyvuaxoi, I know, yrataofttn, 
 iyyo>xa, iyytay, perf. and aor. 
 pass, tyvuafiai, iyyutadriy. 
 didoixa rarely diSia, I fear, aor. 
 idHoa. Other tenses supplied 
 by q>ofiov(iat. 
 dUxyvfUf and dtixvvia, I show, 
 dHl<a, didtixft, «<5"S«. V^^f and 
 aor. pass, diduyfiai, idtix^n^ 
 dtQta, I flay, d(Qw, aor. tdfiQa. 
 diofiai, I want, I beg for, diiflo. 
 
 fim^ dfdirifiai, iditi^y. 
 diot, J bind, driaut, didsxa, pijtra, 
 perf. and aor. pass, didtitah 
 idi&fiy' 
 
 IRREGULAR VERBS. 
 
 143 
 
 9i8(fairK(a, used only in compo- 
 sition, anO', dia-, ix-, I run 
 away, skulk, d^uaofiut, didtta- 
 xa, td(fay, 
 
 didbifti, I give, loJaw, dtSotxa, aor. 
 iduxa (used chiefly in the 
 fiing.) idaty (used in the dual 
 and plural indie, and in the 
 other moods and particip.). 
 perf and aor. pass, dbdopai, 
 ido&TiV, 
 
 doxci, I seem, think, do^w, ido^a, 
 didoyfiat. 
 
 dvvnfiai, I am able, dvvr^aofiui, 
 dedvyfifiui, (dvrrf&r^y and i,dv- 
 yrf&ijy, 
 
 Sita, I cause to enter, sink, dvaot, 
 didvxa, idvirUf didufiat, t'dv- 
 &riy; — dvvta and tdvy are 
 more common than dvoftai, 
 idvaafirfy in the intrans. sense. 
 
 itm, see iu, 
 
 t^ofAoi, poetic, see xadi^ofiat, 
 
 i&»Xta» I will, wiih, iiftlf,aoi, 
 ri&ilr}xa, i,dilriaa, 
 
 Hfii, I am, iaofiai, imperf. ^y. 
 
 iJftt, I will go, imperf ^^e<y and 
 
 ftfitjxa, see <)pi}/i/. 
 
 iXavyw, /drive, fut. Uu, eli]luxu^ 
 
 Tilaaa, ilrikafxai, fjlu&ijy. 
 inatvui («oi), I praise, inaiviabi. 
 
 inaiviaofim — ijrfxa — i,yiaa— 
 
 fiytifiai-^livi&fjy, 
 inipiiopai and inifjitXovfiut, I 
 
 care for, iniptX^tjofiai, ini- 
 
 pffiiXrtfMt, intpiX^&rjV. 
 Xnofiai, I follow, (ifjopai^ imperf. 
 
 iinofitjy, 
 iiero/iai, / come, or go fut. flpi 
 
 rarely iXivaofiui, iX^XvOuj 
 
 aor. TfX&ow. 
 fQfona (aw), I ask, ^^wrr^crw, etc, 
 
 aor, fjQOfiTjy, 
 iadiia^ I eat, fut. Idopai, perf. 
 
 ddifdoxa, aor. t(fayov, perf and 
 
 aor. pass, idifdnjfiui, rfikQ~ 
 
 ev^itrxbi, I find, ivQtiata, iVQi^xa, 
 aor. iv{iovj perf and aor. pass. 
 fVQTtpui, evgi&rfy. 
 
 ^w, I have, i^at, C(r/>;xa, imperC 
 ftX^y, aor. ttrxoy, perf and 
 aor. pass, ta/rjftai^ iax^&tjy. 
 
 (w (aw), iaauj nuxa, fi'aja, aor. 
 pass, flu&r/y. 
 
 ifiyrvpi, and ^(vyvvia, I join, 
 C'l*'", f*fi'ia, perf and aor. 
 
 pass. f'Cf vyfiui, i^ivx&tiy and 
 
 J" ' 
 i^vyrjv. 
 
 Tudoftui, Jam pleased, r,a&r)<Topaij 
 
 &(xi'pti^(t), I wonder cU, /admire^ 
 fut. mid. 
 
 dyi.axoi, comm. a;rod»^crxw, 7 
 die, itnu&avoi'pai, anoxi&ytim 
 xtty aor. uTti&uyoy. 
 
 I'lj/ut, / send, throw, rjaw, tlxa, 
 aor. ryxa used chiefly in the 
 sing, indie; for the dual and 
 plural with the dependent 
 moods and the particip., the 
 aor. 2d is commonly used, 
 fiToy, HTfjy, iifuy, (in, naap^ 
 or less common, (/iiy,tTt,t(yaPy 
 subjunct. w, optat ujjy, im- 
 perat. ig, mfln. (Ivai, part tii i 
 aor. mid. a/ii;9'; perf and aor. 
 pass, iipaif H&r^y and iSip', 
 
 ixrovpaij comm. a<jp/x.j i^ut^ / 
 
144 
 
 EXERCISES IN GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 « ' 
 
 come^ 'i^ofiaij i//ia<, i»ofir,v 
 (aor.). 
 Hairtfn, I cause to stand, aj/,ff(o, 
 «(/iija«, tffiijxa present in 
 meaning and intrans., iffTv 
 xHVj or ilarixHy imperf. in 
 meaning and intrans.; 2d aor. 
 tJTTjv intrans.; perf. and aor. 
 pass, ttriufiuif iaTu^ijv, mid. 
 ura/Aai I stand, also trans. 
 / set up for myself, aor. f'arr^- 
 oafifjfv common trans. 
 xadi^ofiai, I sit down, fut. xa- 
 
 ^iSovfiat, imp. ixa^i^6fir,v. 
 xtt&tidw, I sleep, xa&tvdr,<Tta, 
 imperf. xa^rivdov, also ixu- 
 divdoy, rarely xa^tidoy. 
 xaXw (€w), / call, fut xaXto, xi- 
 xlr,xa, ixdXtaa, perf. and aor. 
 pass. xixXrifiai, (xXr^dTiV. 
 xilftm, Hie, fut. xuaofiat. imperf 
 ixitfifiv, subjunct etc. xioifiui, 
 xioifir^v, xiiao, xiiadoHy xtlfMf- 
 vog. 
 xtf^tiyvvfih and xtgayvia, J 
 mingle, xtgaaat and x«(>w, x«- 
 xQuxa, ixigaaa,xixQafiai, later 
 nixiqaanai, ixgndiiy and ixi- 
 
 qoadiiy* 
 uXhn, I bend, incline, xXiyu, ix- 
 
 Xiva, xixXifiat, ixXldriy. 
 ttgtfiayyvfii, I suspend, xQtfiuota 
 
 and xQffiiH*, txQSftaaa^ ixQUiaa- 
 
 sqiyM^ I separate, judge, xqivbi, 
 xixQixa, iXQiya, xtxpi/ioi, ixgl- 
 ^rjy* ixQipaftfiy, 
 
 tnaoftat, I acquire, xiri<rofiai, 
 iMJTiaafirfV^ xwtTij/iai and txTij- 
 
 fiatj I hare acquired '=^ Ipoa- 
 
 8688, 
 
 xTiivw, comm. oufoxutrta, I 
 slay, xiirw, txiova (perf 2d), 
 txjuva, less comm. txiavoy f 
 for the perf and aor. pass. 
 li&vrixa, and ani&ayov were 
 commonly used. 
 
 Aa/i/5u»ft), / takt, Xritpopat, tUij- 
 9,«, aor. tXafior, tiXrifMfiai, iX((f- 
 
 Xarduvta, I escape notice, am 
 concealed, Xr,ab), XiXr,&a sy- 
 nonymous with the present, 
 iXudoy. 
 
 Xiybi, I say, Xita^ XiXfynai, iXix- 
 ^,-y ;—avXUytOi I collect, avl- 
 lijoi, awnXoxotj awtlXfyftai^ 
 avr(X(yr,v, so in the other 
 compounds which mean to 
 collect, to choose. 
 
 Xfina, J leave, Xtii/u, XiXoinu^ 
 tXinoy* 
 
 fion^uym^ I learn, fia^i\ito^im^ 
 pffiudTfXa, ifia^oy. 
 
 fiuXOftai, I fight, fut. fAnxoi'fiai, 
 less comm. fiaziaofiaiy fii- 
 ftuxTifitti, ifiax((Toipriv. 
 
 fiiXn, it concerns, fiiXian^ ftf^i- 
 lijxc. 
 
 pifiytifiaiy I remember, fifurifio- 
 
 ftiyia, I remain, /i«oi, itfiiirr^xu^ 
 
 IfiUVtt, 
 
 youl^ti, I think, suppose^ Att 
 fut I'Ofiiw, ytyoynxtty etc. 
 
 oT3o, / know, ftaofiai, ftduy plu- 
 perf in form, imperf. in mean- 
 ing. 
 
 0I/0//04, / am gonCj oi/r^ao/in*, 
 
 IRREGULAR VERBS 
 
 145 
 
 ^Xo/^V^ imperf. in form, gen- nXriiTofiat, I am struck, perC 
 
 eraliy an aorist in meaning. 
 iXXvfjtt^ comm. anoX- I destroy, 
 lose, oXui, oXcjXixa, perf 2d 
 oltaXa intrans., aor. aXian, 
 aor. mid. toXofitiy. 
 iffaot see ogdu 
 
 o^u<TU(a or ogviTio, I dig, oqvlw, 
 oQo^vxot, aor. w^i/fa, ogaigvy- 
 fiat, ol}gvyTjy. 
 opw, / see, imperf kioQOiy, aor. 
 fldoy, fut otpo/dui, perf ktaga- 
 xttf perf pass, iatguftai or tufi' 
 fittt^ aor. pass. uKp&r^v. 
 Ofpnkai, I owCj ought, oifsdrjata, 
 aor. bMjpciloy, later o(pfXov used 
 only in expressing a wish. 
 naiui, I sirike, takes a in the 
 
 pass, perf and aor. 
 Wtto/oi, I feel, am affected, ml- 
 aofiai, nsTtoy^Uf aor. S/ta&oy. 
 nuvoi, I cause to cease, navau, 
 ninuvxa, Bnavau, ninavfiai, 
 inai&ijy and inuva&r^y. 
 nfl&oi, I persuade, nilaot, ni- 
 ntixa, mnoi&a intrans. and 
 present in meaning, / trust, 
 aor. BTiBiaa, perf and aor. 
 pass. nijiii'Tfiiu, iniLtr&i^v. 
 WiTOfiaij later, Xniafiai, I fly, 
 ntir^aoftai coram, nirjao/iaij 
 aor. iTiTOfirjy, less coram. 
 inrafitiy, later 6rtir)v. 
 nlfATtXrifu, I fill, nXruiia, ndrtXtjxa, 
 fJiXtjaa, mnXtjafAin, iTtXr/ff&rjy, 
 nUjoi, I fall, fut Ttfaoifiaij 
 
 perf nmxtaxa, aor. lifaor, 
 nlw, I sail, nXtvao/jai, oftener 
 nXtWTovfiai, ninX^vxa, inXsv- 
 (ra, pass, takes a. I 
 
 ninXr^yfiai, aor. irHytjy, perf. 
 2d act ninXriya (sometimes 
 in a pass, sense). The other 
 parts of the act voice were 
 supplied by naTaaaa, or na- 
 idriu. 
 noQBvofiai, I go, march, TtoqtV' 
 aofiaij ntnoQBVfjiai^ inoqtV' 
 
 gita. Qvi^aofiat, Beldam Qfvaofiaty 
 iggvi^xa, aor. dggvtjv, seldom 
 ifi^evaa. 
 
 train i^at, I sound the trumpet j 
 aaXnlyla^ iauXnty^a, 
 
 (TxinvofAat, I consider, seldom 
 used in the present and im- 
 perf. ; instead of it trxoTtdi of 
 axonolfxai and iaxonow or 
 iffxoTiovfxfjv are more com- 
 mon J fut. axeiffOfiai, aor. iv' 
 xBtpafitjv, perf laxffjifiai. 
 
 anuoi, I draw^ takes a in the 
 passive. 
 
 anifdoi, I pour out (a libation), 
 amiaa}, tanuxa, iantiaa; mid. 
 ajiivdoftai, I make a treaty. 
 
 (TTBfjbj, comraonly in the simple 
 verb, ajfgliTxu}, (nfQt]afa, etc. 
 
 ar()£<)pa>, / turn, twist, aTQitfm, 
 HTif)0(pa, tijiQUffu, tazQufifAai, 
 
 aq>u^(a or acpuTJui, I slay, aqxi^m 
 iv(f)a\a, t(f<fttyfjai, eagpa/f^y. 
 
 luaaui or jnijut, /arrange, ti»|6i, 
 Uiaxa, «m|a, ibjuyfitxi, hnx- 
 
 Tt&nfti, I place, dtjata, U»H»a, 
 aor. in the sing, indie. idTjxa, 
 etc.,inthedualandplur,indiQ 
 
146 
 
 RXERC1SL> IN GHEEK PROSE COMPOSITION. 
 
 l!El 
 
 and in the other moods, and 
 particip. the 2d aor. ii^nov, 
 i&itnr, «^f/*ey, etc. ; perH and 
 aor. pass, ri&tifiai, ixidnv- 
 rir^wfTKui, / wound^ T^waw, le- 
 
 i^sTTw, / turn, iQi*f<a» TiT^oijptf, 
 
 iiitanr^v comm. in the sense 
 of the mid. : ^T^aTiofii^v. re- 
 flexive ; ijqf\i>annv ^ routed, 
 I put to flight. 
 r^tg)ai, / nounsh, ^t»€V«, Tf'r?©- 
 
 ff«>fti, / rwn, &Qi^ofjiai, comm. 
 dgaftovftai, 5«<J<»afii3Xrt, aor. 
 
 aor. pi\ss. T«Tf t^/40*, (T(/i(f^n^, 
 
 comm. ifQl^'iV' 
 it7/«rw, / o6/ain, Ai/, ^opp^, 
 
 »«vio/iai, Ttivpina, aor. tn/o^- 
 vmaxvoi'tan, J promise, vnoaxv- 
 
 <pa^w, / ma^e <o appear, «Aoic, 
 
 ^ijy oftener i>«»'»j»'- 
 |)f'^a), / bear, carry, fut. oraw^ 
 perf. ivnvoxa, perf. and aor. 
 pass. M>*y/io<. »/''«>^*J^ ao"^- 
 act. ^w^'xo, and rivfy»ov. In 
 the lot pers. of these two 
 aorists, and in the optat the 
 usage is very fluctuating; 
 
 but of the remaining formA 
 we find a preference given 
 in the act. to the infin. iny 
 xelK, part, ^v/'xw*', and the 
 2d pers. sing, impcmt m/x', 
 all from the 2d aor. ; while 
 the other parts together with 
 the whole of the mid. are 
 tiiken from the Ist aor. Butt. 
 
 ^tvyw, Iflte, ifuiofiui, niifuyu, 
 aor. tifvyor, 
 
 (fTifii, J say, fut. /^»o-, perC iHiV 
 xu, perf and aor. pass. ti(>fi' 
 
 act iiJta or tUov, The 2d 
 aor. was far more common. 
 Of the Ist aor. the forms. 
 fUag, ttnait and nnaJbt were 
 the moBt frequent, yet even 
 these were constantly ex- 
 changed for the correspond- 
 ing forms of the 2d aor. Butt, 
 
 (yd«m / anticipate, fut. (pdij- 
 aofiai, perf iif&uxu, aor. »«f- 
 ^aaa or tff&riV. 
 
 (yiV / produce, (fvam, k^fvon, 
 jiiq)vxa, 2d aor. itfvy The 
 last two forms are intransi- 
 tive. 
 
 /^.i, sub. /eS, optat ;r^«i1, infill. 
 
 I ;rp^,roi, part XQ^^ ('«) * '"^* 
 Xifr,an, imperf ^XQh^ ^o™"*' 
 
 wyoi>«i, I purchase, mn]iioiiai 
 I etc., aor. rf;i^««^^»'. 
 
 GREEK AND ENGLISH INDEX TO THE PRIN- 
 CIPAL NOTES. 
 
 A. 
 
 Adverbs and claupes used ad 
 
 jectively. ch. 2. (3). 
 Aeolic form of the optat aor 
 
 where used. ch. 2. (9). 
 Agent or doer, how expreesed. 
 
 ch. 2. (46). 
 erirw and ^Qutiw distinguished. 
 
 ch. 3. (41). 
 Aorist tense defined, ch. J. 
 
 (2). 
 unul and noii distinguished. 
 
 ch. 9. (1). 
 Apprehend — different senses. 
 
 ch. 1. (8). 
 Article instead of a possessive 
 
 pronoun, ch. 1. (11). 
 ulxQi — meanings, ch. 2. (49). 
 
 c. 
 
 Cause, concomitant of an ac- 
 tion etc. denoted by the par- 
 ticip. ch. 1. (10). 
 
 D. 
 
 ^oxfTand (pairiTai distinguished, 
 ch. 6. §§ 1-5. (5). 
 
 E. 
 
 *Lt\v and ft distinguished, ch 3 
 ^(35). ^ 
 
 L7 Tt^, (I T£— meaning, ch. 6. 
 §§ 1-5. (2). 
 
 hX&tlv and nnqaytviadai dis- 
 tinguished, ch. 1. (39). 
 
 *Lnn and oi$ distinguisiied. ch. 
 1. (6). 
 
 Euphemism, tfXfviu, for ano- 
 &vt,axu, ch. 1. (7). 
 
 'l^X^^og and noXt'fitog distin- 
 guished, ch. 3. (29). 
 
 H. 
 
 una^ and ttot* dietinguished. 
 ch. 9. §7. (1). 
 
 >;//i(rv<:,— construction, ch. 9. 
 , (14). 
 
 i,tixa ann ore distinguiahed. 
 ch. 8. § 1. (1). 
 
 9i and xoi distinguished, ch. 2. Imperfect tense defined, ch I 
 (7). ' (2). 
 
148 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 K. 
 
 uiHTflfiamnd e/wdiitinguished. 
 ch.7. § 1. (3). 
 
 M. 
 
 pi] distinguished from ov. ch. 3. 
 /7). — In prohibitions, ch. 3. 
 (g).— After verbs of fearing. 
 
 ch.7. (11). 
 Meton)rray of onla for onliiai. 
 
 ch.2. (13). 
 Middle voice defined, ch. 9. 
 
 (5). 
 
 N. 
 
 wf, as, as if, en. I. (4):— on 
 the ground that, ch. 1. (^ 
 —ug with the particip. and 
 «; with tiie optat. distin- 
 guished, ch. 1. (16). 
 
 wtfie followed by the indie, and 
 theinfin. ch. 1. (26):— with 
 the negative, ch. 5. (6). 
 
 on and iml distinguished. 
 
 ch. 1. (6). 
 oiiused to introduce a direct 
 
 quotation, ch. 8. (6). 
 ov and fih distinguished, ch. 3. 
 
 oiJiw or oviatg and cwJi distin- 
 guished, ch. 1. (36). 
 
 pavg, nlolop etc. distinguished. 
 3. (39). 
 
 Negatives ov and nh distin- 
 guished, ch. 3. (7):— nega- 
 tives after ai^ie. ch. 5. (6) : 
 —negative connectives, ch. 
 3. (25). 
 
 O. 
 
 O 9iy — use of this phrase, ch. I. 
 
 •Txot and oYxnie distinguished. 
 
 ch. 2. (36). 
 ^Onri and ortov distinguished. 
 
 ch. 3. (15). 
 Optative in dependent clauses. 
 
 ch. 1. (12). 
 
 P. 
 
 Participle— agreement with 
 the subject of the verb. ch. 1. 
 (I):— defined, ch. 1. (10):— 
 instead of a substantive, 
 ch. 2. (43):— fut. particip. 
 how translated, ch. 1. (40): 
 — where we should use the 
 infin.&c. ch. 1. (24): itf/JaV, 
 f/oiy, etc, translated with. 
 ch. 2. (4). 
 
 Position o^avtov and of utroi. 
 ch.8. §21. (11). 
 
 rr^a/fiuTu and /p»i^«'« distin- 
 guished, ch. 3. (10). 
 
 Present or perf instead of the 
 lilt. ch. 8. (3). 
 
 Prohibitions how expressed. 
 
 ch. 3. (8). 
 
 I 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 149 
 
 Pronouns, my, your, his, etc. 
 when expressed, ch. 1. (U). 
 
 S. 
 
 Subjunctive in dependent 
 clauses, ch. 1. (12). 
 
 avy c. dat. and fina c. gen. dis- 
 tinguished, ch. 2. (38). 
 
 T. 
 
 nltviai a euphemism for an9 
 
 i^Vxoi. ch. 1. (7). 
 Time, denoted by the part'ciji 
 I ch. 1. (10). 
 
I 
 
 TH£ 
 
 FIKST BOOK 
 
 or 
 
 XENOPHON'S ANABASIS, 
 
 ACCORDING TO THE TEXT OF KRDgER. 
 
THE 
 
 FIRST BOOK 
 
 or 
 
 XENOPHON'S ANABASIS. 
 
 ACCORDING TO THE TEXT OF KRUGER. 
 
 «. JuQ€iov xat riaQvaduSog nuldei; ylyvovrai dvo, 1 
 nQS<f^vTeQog f4€P V/^TaJf|>J/;ff, ve(az€Qos 9e Kvqoi;. "Enei il 
 rioOtfH Jagsiog xcu vnantsve reXevtriP tov §iov, f^ovXero 
 VI T« natde a/iqorfQ(o naQilvai. 'O fitp olv nqsa^vtSQog 2 
 mtQmv irvyxnve ' Kvqov de fiezantfATietai anb tJ^g aQxTjg ijtf 
 avtop aaTQunriP tnoir^ae, xat aTQarrj/op ds avrop UTttdeile 
 rnxpTOiP oaoi ii\- KaaroiXov ntdiop aOgoiXovtai. ^yiva^aivn 
 ovr 6 KvQog Xa^a)p Tiaaacph'QPijp a,g qiiXnp, xai rap ^EXXtj- 
 pcop 8{ fjfojr onXirag atf^q tQiaxocrtovg, dnxopza de avtcop 
 Bevlap Uanodaiop. 'Eneidq de ireXevTr^ae Jagetog xai xa- 3 
 zkarr^ elg tr^p §aaiXeiap '^gza^tg^t^g, Tiaaaqifgrtjg dtafidXXei 
 TOP Kvgop ngog zop ddeXqiop <ag inifiovXevot avz^, 'O de 
 miOiiai ze xat ovXXafi^dpet Kvgop mg dnoxzepcip' ^ de fttj- 
 trig f^attt^aafuptj avzop drtOTiBfinsi ndXtp im zrjp dgx^p. 'O 4 
 d' tog dn^XOe xtpdvrevaag xat dziftaa&eig, §ovXevezat onwg 
 fi^nozB izi eazai in\ z^ ddeXqx}, dXX, ijp dvpijzat, ^aai- 
 inW dpt ixeipov, TTagvaazig fiep drj ij fi^ztjg vn^gxe zq^ 
 Kvgtp, (piXovoa avzop /idXXop ^ zop ^aaiXevopza ^^gza^tg^r^p, 
 Ogrig d* dq)txpotzo reSy naga §aaiXe<ag ngog avzop, nupzag 5 
 9vtio diazi9e)g dnenffirrezo mgO* eavz^ fidXXop cfiXovg eJpo* 
 
154 
 
 ^Jlfd^aaie. 
 
 A, a\ X. a. 
 
 155 
 
 5 ^aaihi. A'tM iwy na^ aavt^ di §uf)^d()a)P imfitUiu 
 Wi" noXefieiv te Wavoi tii/j^ap xat tvpoixoig e;foi€v avT(^. 
 f^ Ti^r da 'EXlrivixtiv dvfcifitv Ij&QOt^ev (og fidhaia idvvaro 
 inixQvnrofitvos, onag oti dnaQaaxsvaajozajov Xd^oi ^aatXtct. 
 'iide oh inottiio trjv avXXoyi'iv. 'Oiroaat; ilxe (pvXaxag «► 
 rdig noXsm, fiagtjyyuXe toig (fQOVQaQiatg axdaioii Xufi^a^ 
 vtiv ufdQag llfXonQvvijatovs on nXsiarovg xat ^tXriarovg, 
 log im^ovXevovrog TtaoaqjtQvovg raig n6Xe6i. Kut yaq ri<jaf 
 m Vwrixftl noXeig Tioauq^fQvovg to dgxaiov, ix ^aatXtong dt- 
 dofihvat^ rots d' dnsotijaav TTQog Kvqov naaat nXqv MiXtiroV 
 t i» MiXr^Kff d' 6 Tiaanqjt'Qvrjg TiQoaiaOofisvog ra uvtu tavra 
 PovXtvofiivovg, dnoairivM ngog Kvqop, rovg fitp avrup uni- 
 xjEtPEf tovg d' i^bjiaXtv. *0 de KvQog vnoXu^atv rovg qtev- 
 yovrag avXltl^ag argdrevfta inoXtoQxu MiXiiiov xai xara y^t 
 xa\ xara OdXarrav xat instQazo xardynv rovg ixntnrtaxO' 
 tag. Kdi avrrj av dXXi] ngocpaaig ^v avu^ tov dOQOtXnp 
 8 argditv/ia. Ugog ds §aaiXta nffinoiP ^^iov ddtXqtog (op 
 uvrov doOripai oi ravrag rag noXtig fjiaXXop tj TiaaaqitQpriP 
 dQXS(P uvrmp' xat i^ firfrrjQ avpeTtgamp avr^ ravia' ojgtB 
 §aatXtvg rrjg ftep ngog savrop im^ovXrig ovx iaddvsro, Tia- 
 aacpfQPii ds ipofii^e noXfftovtra avrop dfiql ra argarevftara 
 danapap' ugra ovdtp //jfi^aro avrmp noXtfiovproiP. Kat yag 
 o Kvgog dmnffAna rovg yiypofiipovg daofioig paaiXii ix riap 
 noXeotp wj' Tt<J(Taqifgpijg itvyxavsp ^Xfop. 
 t "AXXo 5« atgdrsvfia ovptXeyero avr^ iv Xennoviiaqt rj 
 xaraprtfitgag ^Aj^vdov ropSe rop rgonop. KXtagxog i^pjiaxt- 
 daifiopiog, qivydg. Tovrc^ avyytPOfiepog 6 Kvgog rjydaOti ra 
 aviop xa\ dtdmatp avr^ fivgiovg dagstxovg. *0 da Xn^oap ro 
 Xgwjiop (Trgdiavfia avptXs^ep aTio rovroav ratp XQfJf*dr(OP xat 
 inoXtftet fx Xfogopi^aov ogfioofisrog roTg 0p«J« roTg vntq 
 'EXXrignoprov oixovai xa\ taqiXn rovg "EXXrjpag- mgra xat 
 igrifAara avpt^aXXorro avr^ etg rtjp rgocpffP rwr argarimrcat 
 mi 'EXXrjgTtopTiaxat noXtig ixovaat. Tovro d' av ovroa rgetpo 
 uarop iXdp&apep avr^ to atQampta, 
 
 *j4gtatmnog i^i 6 OuraXog irvyxapa ^ipog cjp avr^, xat 10 
 me^OfAepog vno tup o'xoi dpriaraai<arap Igxirai ngog top 
 K'vgop xat aitet aviop dg SigxiXlovg ^trovg xa\ tgt^r fir^p^Sp 
 fiiaOop, tag ovzm negiytrofupog ap tup upri<jra<ji(atav. 'O 
 da Kvgog 6ld<aatp avt^ et\' tetgaxtgxiXiovg xat fj fitjptap 
 fitaOop, xat durat avzoi iiq ngoa&ep xazaXvaai ngog rovg 
 ttprufraattazag ftg]p up avz^ cvftfiovXevaj^rai, Ovtat da av 
 to «V BarraXln iXdtdaptp avz^ tgeaponepop ffrgdzsvfia. 
 
 Tlgol^epop da rop Botoiziop, |*Vor 6pta avr^, axiXavaa II 
 Xa^6pra updgag on nXtiorovg nagayepta&at, (og eig Hiaidag 
 §ovX6fierog azgarevtaOai, tog ngdyfiaza Tzagexopzap rap Hi- 
 aidtap rl aavrovxoign. JSocpalperop de rop 2rvfiq)dhop xat 
 ^taxgdzfjp rop W/rt«oV, l^tpovg oprag xa\ tovzovg, ixeXevasw 
 dpdgag Xu^ovzag iXdttP Szi rzXat'arovg, wg noXefi^atop Tta- 
 aaq>(gvH avp ruig q>vydai rap MtXqaltop, Kut tnoiovt oC 
 ziog ovzoi. 
 
 ^. "Ena\ d" idoxH avt(p i^dq nogeveaOat dv(o, ttip fup 1 
 ng6(faaip houtzo a>g Utaidag povXdfiapog ix^uXetp napzd- 
 naatpix tJjgxtagag' xal d&goi^et ag ijzl rovzovg ro ta fiag- 
 §agixop xa\ to 'EXXrjp.xop iptaZ&a argdravfAU • xat fzagay^ 
 ytXXatr^ re KXedgx^p ^a?6pzi ^xaip oaop 7,p avr(p ffzgdrevfjta 
 xat T(f ^^gtaziTzncii avpaXXaytpri ngog rovg oixoi dnoTZffixpai 
 frgog^ aavzop o tlxa azgdztvfia ' xal StPta r^ *^gxddt, Sg 
 avr^ rtgoaiarfixat rov ip ralg noXaai fcriiov, Jxfir nagt^y. 
 yetXa Xu^Spzu rohg dpdgag, fzX}jp oTZoaoi ixapot atqcfup rag 
 dxgonoUig (pvXdzraip, 'ExdXeaa de xal rohg MiXfjrop noXt- 2 
 ogxoiptag, xal tovg (pvyddag ixtXsvffa avp avz^ azgareva- 
 aaat, v7ZO(Tx6f4£pog avtolg, at xaXmg xazangd^eiap icp a itsrga- 
 ravaro,fiij ngoaOap navaaaOat ng)p avzovg xaraydyoi otxada. 
 Oide ^deojg imt&opzo' fmaravop yag avz^' xal Xa^oprag 
 zu onXa nag^cap tig 2:dgdeig, Sapiag fifp dq tovg ix tap 1 
 n6Xmp Xu^fiyp nageynezo aig Idgdatg, onXlzag aig targaxi^. 
 ttXtovg. ^ Hgo^ipog da nagT-p ejfooy onXizag fiep aig navzaxo- 
 viovg xal XfXtovg, yifiPtjzag da napraxoaiovg, i;o(fairazog It 
 
 »^ i. 
 
15G 
 
 *Aifa^a6tg. 
 
 onUtaa ex^v (og nertaxoolova ' naaitop di 6 Meyagfvg tig 
 anraxoalovg h^v dpdgag naqtyifito ' ^r «« xa< ohog x«i 
 
 4 Joaxgdrrig iwr dfiql MiXrj^or aTQartvofiifUir, Olroi fiip 
 dg ^dgdetg avt^ d(fixovto» TiaaaqitQvrjg dt\ xaravot'iaag 
 ravra xai fi^tXo^a fjytjadfUfog that ? mg im Ihaidag xqv 
 ftaQaaxtvr^v, rroQevetat <og §aaiXea i idvparo Ta;f«Tra inntag 
 
 5 txnf dtg ntptaxoaiovg. Kai ^aaiXevg fiiv dq ine\ ^xovat 
 naga Tiaaaq>fQvovg toy Kvqov aioXov, drTinaQeaxevd^ero. 
 
 KvQog di ixcop ovg fiyrjxa (OQfidro dno JagSftov'^XM 
 i^tXavvei dtd r'qg Jv^lag araOiiOvg rgng, nagaadyyag iixoai 
 xal dvo, im iop Maiawdgop notafiOP. Toviov to tvgogdCo 
 
 6 nXt&ga' p'qivga di inJ^p iZivyfitprj nXoiotg inrd, Tovtop 
 dia^ag ihXavvn did 0gvyiag ataOfiOP ha, nagaadyyag^ 
 oxfw, tig KoXoacdg, noXip olxovfAtp^p xal ivdaifiova x«j 
 liiydXriP. 'Eptav&a liAtiPtP fifitgag intd' xai r^x* Jtf*V«>y 6 
 etttaXog tx(OP onXitag xiXiovg xai ntXtaatdg ntptaxoaiovg, 
 
 7 JoXonag xal Aipidpag xal 'OXvpOiovg. 'EpttlOtp f^tXavpti 
 otaOfiovg tgtlg, nagaadyyag tlixoaip, tig KtXaipdg, tTjg 0(>v- 
 yiag fioXiP oixovfAtpriP, fitydXrjp xa\ tvdaifiova, "Eptal&a 
 Kvgff §aaiXtta r^p xai nagddtiaog fiiyag dygioiP Ofigimp 
 fiX^grig, d ixtipog tdngtvtp dno innov, onott yvfipdaai ^ov- 
 XoiJO ittvtop tt xal tovg innovg, Jid fttaov it tov naga- 
 dtiaov gti 6 Maiapdgog notafiog ' ai 6i rrriyai avtov tiaip 
 in fwp §aatXti(OP- gti dt xal did r^ff KtXaip^p noXtatg. 
 
 8 "Ecsu dt xal fitydXov paaiXt(og §aaiXtia tp KtXaipntg tgvfitd 
 i/il tcug nrjyaig tov Magavov notafMv vno tJ dxgontXsi, 
 
 * 'Pti dt xal ovtog did t^g noXtwg xal ifji^dXXti tig top Mai 
 apdgop' tov dt Magavov to tvgog tixoai xal ntpit nodap. 
 'Eptai9a Xf'yttai AnoXXtap ixdtigai Magovap, Pixriaag tgi- 
 t^ottd ot ntgl aoqiag, xal to dt'gi^a xgtfidaai if r(p dptgt^ 
 letp al nrtfai' did di tovto b notafiog xaXtirai Munavag. 
 9 *Erral&a B'g^fJ^, ott ix tJjg 'EXXdSog ^ttijOtlg rj/ j«iiz!l 
 dTrtxoigti, Xfyttai oixodofiljaai tavtd tt td fia^Cisia xtu tp 
 
 A, a, X. p. 
 
 151 
 
 KtXutpap dxgonoXip. ^EvtavOa tfttipt Kvgo<i ifitga^' tgid- 
 HOPta' xai t^xt KXt'agxog 6 AaxidaifAoviog, q^vydg, tx(op 
 onXitag xiXiovg xai mXtaatdg Q(jaxag oxraxoaiovg xai to^o- 
 tag Kgr^rag diaxoaiovg. "Afia dt xal ^oaaiag nagtjp 6 2v 
 gaxoaiog txotp onXitag tgiaxoaiovg, xai [2:o(faintOi;] 6 Ag- 
 xdg ixoup bnXiiag xiXiovg. Kai iviavOa Kvgog i^sraaip xal 
 igi&fiop t6)p 'EXXrivtop inolriatp ip rcji nagadtiacp ' xa) iyt- 
 popto oi GVfAnapxtg bnXitai fitv fivgtoi xal xiXioi, ntXtaazou 
 dt dfiift tovg diiixiXiovg, 
 
 'EpTtvOtp iltXavvH ata!>fA0vg dvOy nagaadyyag dexa, 10 
 (ig niXtag, noXip oixovfitrtjv. *Evrav{>a tfAEivep jjfttgag tgtig, 
 IP aig Atpiag o Agxd<i td Avxaia lOvat xai dymia iOrixt' 
 iddt dOXa l^aap aiXtyyideg XQ^^^f^f^' iOeaigti dt tov dyatva 
 xal Kvgo^'. *EvitvOtv iltXavni ata&fiovg dvo, nagaadyyag 
 daidtxa, tig Ktgafiav dyogdv, noXip oixovfit'i^qr, iaxdrriP 
 ngog tJ Mvain xfoga. *EvttvQtp i^tXavpti oraOfiolg tgti^, W 
 nagaadyyag tgidxopra, sig Kavargov ntdiov, noXiv oixovut- 
 ptiP. 'EpiavOa ffittPtp f^fAtgag nivit ' xai toig argatKataig 
 taqitiXtto fitaObg nXtop § tgi^p fii^vav ' xal noXXdxig ioprtg 
 inl tdg Ovgag dn^rovp. 'O di iXnidag Xfy(OP dir^ye xal dtj- 
 Xog tjp dpitafitrog ' ov ydg t/v ngog tov Kvgov tgonov txovta 
 uq dnodtdopat. 'EvravOa aqjixpttrai 'Envala rj livtvptaiog 12 
 yvpti tov KtXixcap ^aaiXtmg nagd Klgop' xal iXtyero Kvgfp 
 dovpai XQftf^ct^a noXXd. Tq d* ovp argatid tort dntdcoxt 
 Kigog fiiaOop tettdgatp firjp6ip. Eixs di tj KiXiaaa xal cpv 
 Xax^p ntgl avtfjp KiXtxag xal Aantvdiovg' iXtytxo di xal 
 avyytPtaOai Kvgov t^ KiXiaarj. ^EpttlOtp i^tXaivtt ataa/wvg 13 
 dvo, nagaadyyag dexa, tig BvfiPgiov, noXip oixovfttvr/P. "Ev- 
 tavOa ^ nagd tijp odop xgtjvrj 17 Midov xaXovf^tvrj tov 
 n^gvyo^p ^aaiXifog, icp J Xtytrai Mldag top 2:dtvgop Ori^ 
 givaai oipcp xtgdaag avt^p, 
 
 'EpTtvOtP ihXavpti ataOfiovg dvo, nagaadyyag dfxa, \i 
 tig TvgiaTop, noXip oixovfitvijp. 'Eptav&a tfitiptp tjfitgag 
 tQitg, Ka4 Xtyttai dttj&^pcu 17 KiXiaaa Kvgov imdtiiai to 
 
158 
 
 *j4pd§aaie. 
 
 5 Mat iv r4> fxt^/q) tc5i' ElXi^voav xai tmv ^aQ^uQ<or. 'Ext» 
 Xevat de tovg '^EXXtjra^t tag voftos avtoig tig f^^'^X^i^* ovt» 
 raxOTfvat xal arr/vaif avvtd^at de ixaaror rovg eavtov, 
 'Etdj^Ot^aav olv im jertaQoav' il^^ de to fiiv df^ioy Mtvonf 
 xal ol avv avr^f to 6e evoirvfiov KXtaQ^og xal oi ixeivov, 
 
 16 ro ds fitaop oi dXXoi aiQatrjyoi. *Ede(6()H ovt o KvQog 
 TTQUTOv fih tohg ^ag^uQOVS' oi ds naQtjXavtop terayfitrof 
 xat tXag xai xata td^eig ' iha de tovg "ElXrjvagf nageXav- 
 vwp icp uQfiatog xa\ rj KiXiaaa icp d(tfiafid^i}g. Elyov de 
 ndvzfg xgdrq x^Xxd xal j^narag qonixovg xal xvr^fitdag xat 
 
 17 tag danidag exxsxa&aQfitt^ag. ^Eneidij de ndvtag nagyXaae, 
 aii^aag to dgfia ttqo tJjg q^dXayyog fitarjg mfixpag niyoijta 
 tov eQfiTjtt'a nagd tovg arQatrjyovg t^p 'EXXijrwp ixfXevae 
 nQO^aXf'a&ai td onXa xal inix<oQljaai oXr^p ti,p qdXayya. 
 Oi de tavta nqoeXnop toig atgattrntaig ' xal errtl iadXniy^e, 
 nQO^aXXoftepot td onXa en^eaap. *Ex de tovtov ^dtxov 
 ftQoioptfop avp xgavy^ dnb tov avrofidrov dgn^og iykvtto 
 
 18 toig aTQatitoraig inl tag axrjpdg, T^p de puQ^dgmp qofiog 
 noXvg xal dXXoig xal J te KtXioaa eqivyep ex tr;g dgfiufid- 
 iijg xal oi ex tJjg dyogdg xataXinopteg td <Svia tqevyop ' oi 
 de 'EXXrjftg ovp yeXmti inl tag oxifpdg i^X&op, *H de KD-iaoa 
 Idovaa trip Xafingotfjta xal tijp tdl^tp tov atgarevfiaTog 
 i&avfia^s. Kigog de r^nOrj top ix tojp 'EXXi^itap tig tovg ^ag- 
 ^dgovg qo^op idoiP. 
 
 .9 *Ept£vdep i^tXavpsi otaOftovg tgng^ nagaadyyag tiixoair, 
 iig *lx6ptoPj trjg Q»gv)'tag noXtp iaxdttjp, *EptavOa tfieiPB 
 tgetg ijfiegag. *EptsvOtp e^sXavpet dtd ttjg jivxaopiag otU' 
 ^fiovg mpte, nagaadyyag tgidxopta, TavtfjP Tt;p X^Q"-^ 
 
 20 inetgexps diagndaai toXg "EXXriaip (ag noXeftiap ovaap. *Ep- 
 tevifep 6 Kvgog ti^p KiXiaaap eig KiXixiap dnontftfret trjP 
 taxiattjp bdop' xal avptnefiipep avrrj atgatifatag ovg Mtroup 
 «7x« ><»' avtop Mtpoipa top SeaaaXop, Kvgog de fittd toif 
 akX»p ileXavpei did Kannadoxiag ata^fiovg tetraQag^ naga* 
 
 -^. «', X. |S'. 
 
 159 
 
 idpag euioai xal ntpie ngog Jdpap, noXtp oUoviAtptip, f*^ 
 ydXtiP xal ddaifiopa. 'Evtal&a tfieipap ifte'gas tgetg ' )p (j5 
 Kvgog dntxteivep dpdga Wgarjp Meyacpt'gp^p, (fomxiatijp 
 BaaiXeioPy xal etegop tipa t6ip vndgxcor [dvrddrtjrl aiziaad^ 
 uipog eni^ovXeveip uvi^. 
 
 'Epttv&ep ineig^vto etg^dXXetp eig t'fjp KiXixiap' /} de U 
 iig^oXq i]p odbg dfia^iTog, ogOia iaxvg^ig xal dfi^x^pog ciV- 
 eXOttp CTgareifiat,, et tig ex(6Xvep, 'EXtyeto de xal 2\'*We- 
 Gip that inl T«r dxgatp qvXdttorta tr^p eig^oXfjp' di' o f^«- 
 pep ififgap h r^ mdic?. Tq d' varegala ^^xsp dyytXog Xi^ 
 ytop oit XtXoincbg t^q 2:vippeaig td dxga, intl ^aOtto to te 
 Mnmog CTgdrtifia on f.dij ir Kihxia /> ua^ r^v 6gii^p 
 xai on tgu]gug t^xove mginXtovaag drt 'lionag tig KiXixiap 
 Tafi^p exopia tag y^axtduifiopiajp xal avrol Kvgov. Kvgoi 22 
 d' OVP dvt^ri inl td ogq oldtvog x(aXvovTog xal eJde tdg 
 oxnpdg oi icpvXartop oi K/hxeg. 'E.telOtp de xati§aivep 
 eig mdlop fitya xal xaXop xal imgnvtop xal dtpdgtop 
 naptodan^y avfinXtojp xal dfimXtop' noXv de xal crtOa^ 
 uop xal fieXiprjp yal xiyxgop xal nvgovg xal xgi&dg qi- 
 get. "Ogog d' avro negtt'xei oxvgop xal vxpt^Xop ndprri «« 
 &aXdttf^g eig OdXartap. Katafidg di, did tovtov tov ntdiov 23 
 'iXaae otaOfiolg ttttagag, nagaadyyag nipte xal sixoatp, eig 
 Tagaovg, r^ff KiXtxiag mXip fieydXr^v xal evdaifiova, 'Ep- 
 tav&a >>ar td 2:vepveciog paaiXeia toi KiXixmp ^aaiXms' 
 did fiifffig de tijg noXeoig get noza/Aog Kvdvog otofin, evgog 
 dvo nXtOg^v. TavttiP A^ noXip i^tXinop oi ivoixovpteg 24 
 uexd Iverptaiog tig x^ogiop oxvgop inl td ogri, nXijp oi td 
 nant^Xtia txopteg' ifieipap de xal oi nagd trjp ^dXarrap oi- 
 uovt'teg ip 2:6Xoig xal ip *Jaaoig. 
 
 'En{a^a de rj ^lerrtaiog yvprj ngorega Kigov ntpte r>'. 25 
 gag tig Tagaovg dqixeto. *Ep de ty vneg^oX^ xwr og^p tjj 
 tig to mdiop dvo Xoxoi tov Mtpcjpog a r gat ev fiat eg dnm^ 
 iopto, Oi^ fitp eqaaap dgnd^optdg tt xataxon^pai vnb tmp 
 KtXixm', oi dt, vnoXtiqOeptag xal ov dvrafispovg evgih r# 
 
160 
 
 ^Afd^aaig, 
 
 SXXo arQoiTsvfMa ovde iocs odovg eJta nXaiKafMtPOvs aitoli 
 26 a&ai. ^Haav de ovjot ixatof (ixaajos) onXtim. Oi d 
 allot ifieidq (xoy, x^V re noliv tovs ToLQaohs diiJQnttiSar, dia 
 top oIbOqov Tcor avaTQantai^v oQyiZofifvoi, xai ta §aaileia 
 ta if «vTg. KvQOii de iizel eU'i^laatp tiV t'ti* nohv, fierenffi- 
 neto 2vkvviaiv ttqos eavrop ' b 8e ovre nQoregop ovdepi nta 
 xgeiTTOPi eavtov t«V ;f«rip«tf flOeip Ecprj ovze tote KvQcp itpai 
 17 rj&ele, hqip rj yvpf] aviop eneiae xa\ niareis ela^e. Meta 
 de Tuvta int] Gvveyivovxo alh]loig^ 2vivveaig fuv Kv(>(p 
 edoixe xQi\iAaTa nollu. tii t'r^p oTQaTidp, KvQog de iHsitrp 
 dmQa u vofuXetM fiagd paailti Ti'fiia, inn op xQvooidlttop 
 xai argenrop ;fovaoi'i' xai xptlta xai dxivdxrjp j^gvaovp xai 
 atolrip riegaixt^p xai rr^p x^Q^^ ftrixtTi agnd^t(f9ai, ra 
 de f^gnaafitva didgdnoda, i^p nov hivyidptaaiVt dnolafi' 
 ^dpetp. 
 
 1 y\ 'EptavOa efietre Kvgos xai fj argana fjftfgas tt- 
 xoatp* oi yog argatmiai ovx eqtaaap Itpai jov ngoaoa' 
 vnoinitvop yag ifiri in\ ^aailta it pat' fuaOo^O'^pat de ovx 
 inl tovT(p t(faaap. Flgmzos de Kleagxoi 70vg avTov <jrga» 
 rioirag f^td^eio Uvai ' oi de avjop te i^allop xai ra vno- 
 
 2 ^vyia ra exeipov, inei t^g^aro ngoupai, Kltagxog de rort 
 fitp ftixgop e^t'qjvye rb fAq xaranergoiOijpai, varegov d , enei 
 eypm on ov dwr^aerai (iidaaaOai, avpi^yayep ixxlrjaiap r^r 
 avtov argariiorap. Kai ng^rop ftep iddxgve nolvp xqopo* 
 ioTtog' oi dSf bgajpreg iOavfia^op xai ioKonoiP' tJra tle^i 
 roidde. 
 
 3 "AfdgiS arganaiat, ftq Oavfid^tre on ;faie;rft)tf apfgoa 
 roig nagovai ngdyfiaaip. 'Efioi yag Kigog ^tpog iytpero 
 xai fie (fti-yopra ex r^g nargidog rd re alia erifirfOe xai 
 fAvgiovg edojxe dageixoig' ovg eya» la^oip ovx eig to mop 
 xare&tfiTjp ifioi, dl)^ ovde xa&Tidvnd&tjrtay dlH eig vf*dg 
 
 f fdandroDP. Kai ngaiop fiep eni rovg Ogiixag enoh)ir](ia 
 xoi vnlg ri^g 'Ellddog enfuogovfirjp fie& vfimp^ ix rrig Xe^ 
 QOpi^aov avTOvg i^tlavptop, povlofitpovg dqsaigeiaOai tov^ 
 
 -«. a. X. y. 
 
 161 
 
 ipoixovprag 'Elltitag r}iP y^r. 'Eneidq de Kvgog e'xdlei, la- 
 ed>p v^dg inogevofiriP, *V tin dtoiro, dqieloitiP avrbp dp& 
 «r el ena&op in ixeipov. 'Enei de vfieTg ov ^oilea&e 5 
 cvfinogeveaOai, ^dpdyxti dq fioi ? if,dg ngodopza rJ K{.gov 
 (filia XQ^i<r^cii q ngbg exeivop xpevadfietop f4s& ifji^v itpai, 
 Ejfitp dqdixaia noiqao) ovx olda, algqaofiat d' ovp vfidg xai 
 ovp IjiiP E, Ti dp d^ri neiaofiai. Kai otnore fgti ovdtig, (bg 
 tyd> 'ElXqpag dyayap eig rovg ^ag^dgovg ngodovg rovg 'El- 
 Irjpag rqp r^p puQ^dga>p cpiliap ellofiqp- dll' i;iti vfAtig 6 
 ovx e&tlere neiOeaOai ovde inea&ai, iyd> avp ifiip iipofiai 
 xai o,Ti dp dtrj neittofiau NouiXoi yag vfidg f^oi elvai 
 xai nargida xai (pClovg xai cvfifidxovg, xai avp vfiip f^fp 
 ap ehai rifiiog 5 nov dp oJ, vfi^P d' tgrj/Aog c^v ovx ap ixapog 
 thai olfAai ovi ap^tfClop cbcfslqaai ovr dp ixOgop dle^a- 
 aeai. *fig ffwl ovp iupiog bnq ap xai v/itig ovr(o rqp 
 yptofitjp exere. 
 
 ^ Talra ehep-^ oi de argan^Tat oi re avzov ixeipov xai 7 
 01 dlloi ravza dxovaapregy on ov (paiq nagd ^aailta no- 
 gevea&ai, en^peaap ' nagd de aepIov xai Uaaimog nleiovg 
 n digxilioi Xa^opreg rd onla xai rd axevoifoga eargarone- 
 dtvoaPTO nagd Kledgxcp. Kvgog de roizoig dnog^p w xai 8 
 Ivnovnepog fierenefinero rop Kliagxop' 6 de itpai fiep ovx 
 ti»6le, Id&ga de r^p (jrgan<or6ip mfinmp avz^ dyyelow 
 tleye Oa^eip, (bg xaraarrjaofie'poip rovrmp eig rb dtop ' fiera- 
 n^inea9ai d* exelevep avzop' avzbg d* ovx ^c^q iipat. Merd 9 
 de ralra avpayaymp rolg re f4€&' iavrov arganoirag xai 
 rovg ngogel&opzag avr^ xaj r6ip dlltap rbp (iovUfiepop 
 ele^e roidde, 
 
 "Apdgeg^ azgazi^zat, rd ftep dfj Kvgov dqlop on ovzfog 
 ipt ngbg fjfidg mgneg rd fifAszega ngbg ixeipop ' ovze yag 
 ijfitig in exeipov azgan^rai, inei ye ov avpenofieOa avz6i, 
 ovre ixeipog jn ^fiip fiiaOodoztjg. "On fthroi ddixeia&oi 10 
 ro^t" V ifimp olda' ^gze xai fiezanefinofiepov av7«« 
 
163 
 
 ^AfOLfaag. 
 
 ovx iOiloD HOhv, to fi€9 fjitparor, aUx^otUfo^y on (Tw* 
 oida ffiuvT^ ndvra ixpsv^jfjitvog avToV, tnEita x«< didimg /ifl 
 
 11 Xa§(6p fte di'xijv ifttOji mr voftiXet vti ffiov ij^tx^ai^wi. *Euot 
 oh doxH ovx w^« thai rifuv xaOevdetr oid' ufisltif Ijfimf 
 avj^v, alia ^ovXtvsaOfu o,ti XQh nouip ix rovroav. Kai 
 i(og ys /Atrofisv avtov, oxentt'oy fioi duxH khai oirmg wtf 
 uacpaXtaTUTa fiet'OVfiBP' ei re ^dij doxH amtvat, onoag [(og] 
 aaqtaXiatata antftev xul OTroag ta imttfina i^OfieV anv 
 
 12 yag tovKov ovts argitiriyov ovre idi(oTov oqptP.otf oldtp. O 
 d' aptiQ noV.oif f^h d^ioi (pilog (p up (fiXoa ^, xa^e^w^rt^o^-* 
 «* fXOgos' ^ UP noh'fitog J 'En de dvvafiip l/a xai 
 fteZtiP xai Inrnxr^p xui vavnxr]p, tip ndrreg Ofioioag og^fitp 
 te xul imaiufitOu ' xu] ydg oM noQQOi) doxovfitp fiot uv- 
 Tov xaOqaOai. "S^gre w(>a Xtysip o,ti iig yiypmaxet uqkjjop 
 
 eJpat. 
 
 13 Juvra fiftojp inuvaaro. 'Ex ds tovrov dviatupto oi 
 fup ix rov uvtoiAUJOVj Xbl^opJig a iyiyptoaxov, oi de xul vn 
 ixiipov iyxtXevOTOi, imdeixpvvTsg oia Btrj unogla upev tJjg 
 
 14 KvQOv yv(o^i]g xul fAtpeip xul dmsput. Elg de d/] elne^ ngog- 
 fiotovfiipog antvdtip (og luxiotu nogeveaOui tig rrjp EXXa^a, 
 'oTQuir^yovg fi€P eXiaOut uXXovg (og ruxMru, ti fiij ^ovXtrui 
 
 KXeuQxog UTinyeip' tu d* emtrfieiu uyogu^ea&ui' 1] d' uyoga 
 riP iv 7^ ^ug^ugtxi orgurevfian' xul cvaxevuZeoOui' eX- 
 eopTug de Kvgop uithp nXoiu, <og unonXtoiep' iup de fit] 
 dtd^ tuviu, tjyefiopu uatip Kvgop, ogjig <og dia qjiXing 
 ttig jfw^aff UTtuiet, 'Eup de fitide rjyefiopu did^, avrtur- 
 tea&ui jijp tuxiaJTiP, ftt'fixpui de xcu ngoxuTuXtixpofttPovi 
 ta dxgUf oTimg firi qi9ua(06i fu^re 6 Kvgog fii/ra oi KiXixtg 
 naraXu^oPTeg, (op noXXovg xul rtoXXa XW«»« e^o/ier iig- 
 naxoteg, 
 15 Oliog fiiP dfj toiuvra elne' fiera de Tovror KXeug^og 
 %lne toaovtop. 'fig f^ep argarrjyi^aopTa fV« ruvtrjp r^f 
 ot(fatriyiup ur^dtlg vf^mp Xeyeim ' noXXa yag epog^ di' a ifMt 
 
 A. a*. X. y. 
 
 163 
 
 tovxo ov noirjiop ' (og de rtp urdgl op up sXtja&e Tniaofim 
 B dvpatop fduXiaiu, Uu eldijte on xul ugxsaOui iniaTUfJui, 
 Wtf ug xul aXXog fiuXujtu upOgoinmp. 
 
 Meiu rovtop uXXog uptaitj, imdsixptg fiep ri-p el^Oetav 16 
 rov tu nXoXu ulteip xeXevovtog, agneg nuXip top atoXop Kv- 
 gov liq Ttotovfitpov, imdstxpvg de dog evi^Oeg kiq Tjysfiora 
 ttkbiP nugu tovtov ^ Xvfiuir/fis&u trjp ngd^ip. El de ti 
 xul TQ) tjyefiopi niatevaufiep ^ up Kvgog d^, ti xcoXvei xul 
 tn uxgu tjfiip xsXeveip Kvgop ngoxuruXufi^upetp ; 'Eyw [}iep] 17 
 yug OKPoirip ftsp up eig tu nXoTu f/t^uipeip u ijfiip dofij, fiij 
 ijfiug uvtuig tuig tgtr^geai xutudvcrrj, qio^oifit^p d' up t^ riye- 
 fion i^ [dp] dolq eneaOui, fiq yfidg dydytj o&tv ovx o'O" ^« 
 eatm. i^eX&eip- ^ovXoifiTjp d' up uxoptog dniatv Kvgov Xu- 
 Oeip ttvtop UTieXOap, o ov dvrutop iatip, 'AXX' eymye q^tjfii 18 
 Tuvta fiep (fXvugiug eipur doxtt de ftoi urdgug iX&optug 
 ngog Kvgop olzipeg enmfieioi avp KXsdgxcp igwtup ixetpop 
 xi ^ovXetui tjfup XQriaOui, xul iup fiep tj ngd^ig l nagunXti- 
 aiu olaneg xul ngotsgop ixgr^to toig ^tpoig, enea^ui. xul 
 ifidg xul fitj xnxtovg ehui tdop ngoaOep tovT(p avpupn^dv- 
 ftop' iup de fAftXcop ^ ngu^ig tr^g ngoaOep (puip^tm xul 19 
 emnoptaitgu xul inixtpdvportgu, d^iolp ? nelauptu i/fAdg 
 uyeip 5 netaOtPta ngog cpiXiup ucfUpar ovim yug xai 
 enofispoi UP (fiXoi uvtm xui trgo&vfioi enoifdeaa xul dm- 
 cpteg daopuX^g up dnloifiep' o,ti d* up ngog tuvta Xtyfi 
 unayytlXui dtvgo' rmug d' uxovauptag ngog tuvta fiov 
 Xeveax^ut, 
 
 "Edo^e tavTu, xul updgag iXo/itPOt avp KXeugx<g ^*/^- 20 
 novaip, 01 igoirmp Klgop tu do^urra ty argutia, '0 d* 
 unexgiputo on uxovoi *A§gox6f4UP, ixagop dpdga, inl t(p 
 Evcpgdtri notun^ f^cci, untxopta dadexu azaOfAovg. Hghg 
 toltop ovp e<fri ^oiXtaOui eXOtip ' xup fup i ixti, tfjp dixiip 
 m XoiUif im&EiPui uvt<p, r^p de cfevyrj, tjfieig ixeX ngog 
 tavTu ^ovXevoofie&a, Axovaupteg de tultu oi uigexol upuy. 
 ^e'XXov(ji toig atgutmruig' toXg de vno\f;ia nip ^p oti uyet 2) 
 
164 
 
 ^Ava^aaig. 
 
 ngog ^aaiXt'a, ofiag di idoxei tnsaOat. n()0^'atrovat da 
 ^la^ov 6 Kv{)og vnicx^il^cti ly/uioiiof naai Scoaeip ov nQOHQOW 
 iq)€QOVf avTt daQeixov tgia T^fudaoeixa rov firjvog to* OTQa* 
 TiwTj* on de im ^aadia ayii ovde iviavOa tfxovep ovdetg 
 tp ye xq) q)aveQqK 
 fc d', 'EptivOsp f^eXavpsi ara&fiovg ^Jo, naQaaayyoji 
 ^txa, im TOP H'olqop norufiov, ov tjp to evgog tgia nXi&gcu 
 'EpjevOsp f^eXavvsi araOfiOP ipa, naqaadyyag neprt, im xof 
 Jlvgafiop noTttfiOPy ov to ivgog arddiop, *Eprev9tP i^sXavpei 
 araOfjiovg dio, nuQaadyyag nepxexaiiexa, tig 'Jaaovg^ tJjg 
 KiXtxiag ia'idtrip noXiP, im xj {^aXdrrji oixovfiip^p, fMfyaXijp 
 
 2 xal eidaiftora. 'Eptavi^a ifieipap rjfAtQag rgtig' xat Kvgrp 
 nctgJiaap ai ix UtXoTiopp^aov P^sg^ jgidxopra xai TifPTt, xai 
 in avTuTg pavag^og TlvOayogag ^axeSatfiOPiog. HyiXto d 
 avtmp Tttfimg Aiyvnriog « J 'Eapiaovy ^x^^ *'«*'^ itigag Kvgov 
 niPTB xai (ixoaiPf alg inoXiogxH MiXriiop, ox« Tiaaaq>Fgret 
 
 3 qiX^ r^Pf xat avpenoXifiSi Kvgqi ngog avjop. Tlag^p ^t xai 
 Xeigicoqiog uiaxi^aifiopiog im to^p ffwr, fiSTdnffinrog vno 
 Kvgov, inraxoaiovg ixoup bnXiiagy tap iargarrjysi naga Kv- 
 g(p. u4i de pT^eg atgfiovp xata jijp Kvgov ox^jpr^p. Eptav&a 
 xal oi nag *A^gox6fia fiiaOoq>6goi 'EXXr^peg dnoardpTeg 
 r^X&op naga Kvgop, xeTgaxoaioi onXttai, xai avpeoTgatsvopTO 
 inl §aaiXecL. 
 
 I *Epzev&ep i^eXavpei GTadfxop iva, nngaadyyag ntpre^ im 
 nvXag trjg KtXixiag xat tijg £vgtag. ^Haap de ravia dvo 
 Titxtji xa< xo fjiep taoa&ep (jo) ngo jrjg KiXtxiag 2vippeQig elxe 
 xai KiXixtop q)vXaxi^, to de *J(» ngo lijg 2vgiag §aaiXe(Oi 
 iXeyeto (pvXaxTj q}vXdTTeip. /fia fiiaov de gn tovitop nora- 
 ftog Kigaog opofia, evgog nXiOgov. 'u4nap de xo fAtcop xc5i» 
 jeix^^p r^aap otddioi Tgeig' xat nageX&etp ovx rjp §in' r^p 
 yog ij ndgod,ng ajfpt] xat ta reixv *'V »»/*' OdXattap xa&i^- 
 xopta, vnfg&ep d* ^aap ntTgai ^Xi'^atot' im de roig teixeoip 
 
 6 dftqiorigoig iqeiaTtjxeaap nvXat. Tavtijg ovp tpexa trig na 
 ^dov Kigng tag pavg fietenifi\paTO, oncog onXiiag ano8t^ 
 
 A, a. X. d'. 
 
 165 
 
 ^doeAep elGta xa\ t^a, r^r nvXmp, xa] ^laadfiepoi lovg no- 
 Ufiiovg^ nagiX&oiep, ei qvXditoiep im taig 2:vgiaig nvXaig, 
 oneg q>e7o noitjaeip top A^goxofjap 6 Kvgog, exoPTa noxl 
 argdrevun. A^goxofiag de ov toIt inoif^aep, dXX* insi 
 nxove Kigop ip KiXixin opta, dvaoTgixpag ix (iJomxijg nana 
 PaatXia dntjXavpep, exoap, tag iXtysjo, Tgidxopza /ivgiddag 
 a i gar lag, 
 
 *EvTtv&€r i^tXavPH dia livglag GTa&piop iva, nagaady- 6 
 yag ntPTt, tig Mvgiavdgop, noXip ouovfitptjp vno (I^otvixoap 
 im xg OaXdzTTj' ifinogiop d' ^p to xtogtop xal agfiovp av- 
 foOi oXxddeg noXXai. 'EpTal&' ifieipap tjfiigag entd' xa\ 7 
 Senag o Agxdg, OTgarrjyog, xai Uaaiiap 6 Meyagtvg *>- 
 §dvTtg tig nXotop xat xa nXtiaTov d^ia ip&iutpot dnenXtv- 
 cap, tag fifp Totg nXeiatoig idoxovp, gnXoTtfitjOtPTsg, on rovg 
 atgaTKarag^ avzup Tovg naga KXiagxop dntXOopTag tog dm- 
 oprag tig Tf^p 'EXXdda ndXip xai ov ngog ^aaiXia tta Kigog 
 TOP KXiagxop ^x^ip, 'Enti d* ovp r^ffap dqiaptig, di^X&e Xoyog 
 OTi dioixot avTOvg Klgog Tgi^gsai ' xai oi fiep tvxoPTo (og 
 doXiovg oprng avrovg Xr^(p&7,pai, oi d' ^xttigop ti dX<o(T0iPT0. 
 Kigog^e avyxaXiaag Tovg OTgaTtiyovg tlntp' 'AnoXtXoinaaip 8 
 Yag StPiag xai Uaalfop' dXX tv ye fitprot inKJrda&foaap 
 on ovze dnodtdgdxaaiv oida ydg omj o^xoptar ovre dno- 
 mqtvyaaip ' ix(0 yag tgtrjgtig <agze eXtip to ixtivmp nXotop. 
 AUd fid tovg &€ovg ovx tytaye avtohg ^ia)'|a>, ovd' igti ov- 
 dtig (og iyto, itog fijp dp nagti ng, jfpw^«<, intiddp de dmtpai 
 ^ovXtirai, avXXa^taP xai avrovg xaxoig nom xai x« XQ^f^^^^ot, 
 dnoavXta, AXXd i6vnav, tid6itg on xaxiovg tiai ntgi ijfAdg 
 5 ifitig ntgi ixtirovg. Kaiiot fjfoi ye avt^p xai Ttxpa xai 
 yvpaixag ip TgdXXeat (fgovgnvfAtPu ' dXX' ovde Tovrap artg^. 
 ooprat, dXX* dnoXt^xpopzai T^g ngoa&tp tptxa mgi i^te dgez^g. 
 Kai buiPTavza tintp' oi drEXXfjrtg, tif zig xai dOvfi6zegog 
 h ngog zi^p dpd^aaip, dxovopzeg zi^p Kvgov dgeztiP r^dtop xal 
 ngo&vftozegop avttnogtvopzo. 
 
 Mezd TavTa Klgog i^tXavpti araOfiovg Tttzagag, naga 
 
 ' 3 
 
I GO 
 
 l^y«^a<y«ff. 
 
 A, a\ X. «'. 
 
 167 
 
 i>!i 
 
 adyyag iixoaiv, int tot XdXov notuf^ot, una lotv^y rtXl 
 Oqov, nlm ^' ixOitav nsydXm x«4 nQatav, ovg oi SiQOi 
 Oeovg ivofiil^ov xa\ ddrxtiv ovx cfwr ovds tag rngtotSQag. 
 Al dl x^fini if ah fo^n^ovv naqvcdxiiog ?<Tar tig fwyi?* 
 
 10 Mofisrai. T.vttlOsv i^tXavvei aralffiovg mvte, nagaadyyag^ 
 tQidxovra, im tag rrrjydg toi Jagadaxog norafiov, oo to 
 tvQog nXtOQov. "Evra'vOa />«•' ta BtXtavog ^aaiXua tov 
 SvQiag uQ^uvTog, xat rraQddtiaog ftdvv ftfyug xa\ xaXog,^ 
 iX(ov ndvia oaa (oQai (fvovat. KvQog d' aifzov i^txoxpe xiw 
 rd paaiXsia xaztxavasw. 
 
 n "EvttvOep f^tXavvFi cradfiovg tgeig, naQaadyyag mvie- 
 xaldexa, im tov ElqiQdrrjt notufiov, ovta to elgog tsttdgmv 
 atadimf xa\ noXtg avro&i (pxelro fieydXTj xa\ ev^ai^wy, 
 Qdipaxog opofian. 'EvravOa i^mav rifitgag nivTB' xai 
 KvQog fietunefiipdfiefog tovg aTQarrjyovg rcor 'EXXijvtop iXs- 
 yep ou fj odog iaotro ngog ^aatXia fiiyap iig Ba^vXtopa' x«i 
 ntXivH avtovg Xiyiip tavia toig OTQatKaiaig xai dpansiOsiP 
 
 12 tnsaOai. 01 de noit]<japtig ixxXriaiap dni'iyyiXXop tavta' 
 oi dt otgati^rai ixaXtnaivop totg otQarrjyotg, x«« tqjaaap 
 avtovg ftdXat tavt sidorag xQvntetp, xa\ ovx Icpaaap h'pai, 
 idp {ifi tig avtoig xQri^ata 5/5q», mgnfQ xa) tolg nqotvQOig 
 fistd KvQov dva^dai nagd top nat^Qa tov Kvqov, xat tavta 
 ovx im fidxrjp Ioptodp, uXXd xaXovrtog tov mttgog Kvgop. 
 Tavra oi argatijyoi Kvgtp dni^yyMop' 6 d' vnic^x^to dv^g\ 
 ixdaiqt dmiBip mprs dgyvgtov ftvdg, inup ng Ba^vXmra 
 ^xtttoi, xa) tov fuaOov ipttXJ}, lif'xQ^ dp xaraaTtjari tovg 'EX- 
 
 13 Xr^pag tig 'Japiap ndXip, To fitp drj nnXi; tov 'EXXririxov 
 ovrmg intiaOrj. Miv(ap de ngiv ^Xop that ti noirfOOvaip 
 oi aXXoi argarioirai, notfgop expovrai Kvgfp /* ov, (TvteXtl^e 
 to avtov atgdreviia x^Q'^ ^^^ dXX(OP xat iXt^e taSe. 
 
 14 "Avdgeg, idp if*o\ nft^OlJTe, ovre xndvrFvaapteg ovrt 
 novrioapieg twv dXX(OP nXiOP ngorijiriaeaOe orgatKatwp vno 
 KvQOv. Ti ovp xeXevoi nouioai ; Nvp deUai Kvgog i/ieaOat 
 tovg 'EX.Xrjpag im §a6iXia' iym ovv (pnf*' tV«i? X??""* ^'* 
 
 ^r^ra, top Evqgdrrjp norafwp ngip dJ^Xov tliui J, tt oi dXXoi 
 'EXXr.peg aTtoxgipolpTai Kigau "Ifv filp y,\g xpti(fia(opTai ins- 15 
 oOai, vfitig do^fts atrioi tivai dg^avteg tov dia^aiveiv, xai 
 tog ngoavfiotdroig ovaip vfiip xdgiv ei^aszat Klgog xat dno- 
 di^aer inicstatui d' el tig xa\ dXXog' /> d' dnoipt^cfiacopTai 
 oi aXXoiy dmiiev fifp dmivteg [aVj tovunahv, vfttv de tag 
 Ifiotoi^g mtOofitpoig] matotdtoig xg^<TeTai xul tig cfgovgia 
 xai eig Xoxoyiag, xat dXXov ovuvog dp diqo&e olda oti ng 
 (fiXov tev^toOe Kvgov, 
 
 *Axovaapteg tavia inei&ovto xai dif^tjaap ng)v tovg dX- 16 
 Xovg dnoxgjpaa&ai, Kigog d* ine\ t,a&eto dui^e^rjxotag, 
 tia&ri te xai rqj argatevfiatt m^fiipag FXoIp einev 'Eyto figp] 
 e3 dpSgeg, t^dfj vfidg irtatp^ • omog de xai vfitTg i^e inaive- 
 aete ifiol fitXi^aei, i; fujxt'u fte Klgop pofiiZete. Oi f4fp dij 17 
 otgatiarai ip iXniai fieydXaig ovreg tvxovto avtov evtvxtiaai' 
 MtPiavi de xai datga iXtyero m-ftxpai fieyaXoTigemag, Tavta 
 de^ noii]aag du^aive ' avveineio de xa\ to dXXo ctgdtevfia 
 avt^ dnau Kal [zmv^ dta^aitovrtov top notafiop ovdt)g 
 i^g^X^tl dvmugai tap fiaaroSp vno tov nota/iov, Oi de IS 
 Baipaxf^vol eXeyop ott ov7i<ano& ovrog 6 nota^og dia^atog 
 yt'poiTo m^y ti fit] tote, dXXd nXoioig, a tote 'A^goxofiag 
 wgoiojp xattxavaep, Iva f^rj Kvgog dia^l. 'Edoxei dq Ohov 
 titai xa\ aaq}^g vnoxoagijaai top notafiop Kvgqy ag §aai- 
 Xeiaopu. ^EpTtlOep i^eXaivet did tlig Zvgiag ara&fiovg 19 
 ippta, nagaodyyag nevttjxorta' xat dcpixvovvTiu ngog top 
 'Agd^rjp ftotafiop, 'Evrav&a tjaap xmf4ai noXXai,' fieatai at- 
 tov xat oipov. "Eptav&a tfteivav tjfdfgag tgeig xai ineaiti- 
 aapto, 
 
 «'. 'EvitvOep i^eXavvet did ttjg "Aga^iag top EvcpgdrTjp 1 
 notafAov i» de^ia ex^p uraOftovg igr^fxovg nevte, nagaadyyag 
 rgidxopta xa\ mptt, *Ep tovtop de t^ toncf) rjp fjiep ij y^ 
 mdiop drrav ofiaXop lagneg OdXatra, dxpiv&iov de nXijgeg ' ei 
 dy u xai dXXo ivijp vXqg ^ xaXdfiov, dnapta t^aap evrndtj 
 Kgneg dgmfiara' dtvdgop d' ovdh iv^p' &rjg,'a de nartoia, 2 
 
il 
 
 I 
 11 
 
 168 
 
 *Avdfa<ng, 
 
 nXnaroi fjet ovoi ayQtoty ovx oh'yoi d« arQov&ot ol iiiyaXni 
 ii^rfOuv de xai (arideg xai doQxdde^*, Tain a de ta Oijgia oi 
 tnnu^ idioixop itiote. Kul oi fttp otoi, infi n^ dioinoi, 
 tT(jodgaft6vTei av iaraaav noXv ydg tur Inntav Brgtinw 
 ^dtjow ' xal nuXip iirei nXtjatd^oifp oi innoi ruvtov inoiovp' 
 xai ovx //y Xa^fiv, ei fiij iiaoidviig oi innttg Orjoi^er dia- 
 dtj^ofitvoi ro«v i/tnoi^. Ta de xut'a tojp dXtaxo(jitp<op ^9 
 
 3 nuQitnXijoia rofV fXaqtioi^f dnaXoitega de. ^rgovdov di 
 ol'dtt^ iXa^ev ' oi de di<6^urjeg tojv inmav totiv inavopto ' 
 noXv yoLQ dniana (fsvyovaa, rot^' fiev noa\ dgofifpf rat^ de 
 fttiQV^ip uQuaa a^'neg iaticp j^gtofitpij. Tag de (urii5a»% dp 
 Titf ta^v dptar^f eon Xn/x^uptip ' neroprai ydg ^gaxv elis,*- 
 neg nigdixeg xai 7ff;^v dnayogtvovai. Td de xgh'a avrotr 
 iidiara tjp. 
 
 4 Uogevofitpoi de did ruvrrji; rT^g j^ojga^ aqjixpovprai em 
 top Maaxdp norafiop, 10 evgoi; nXeOgiaiop. *Epjavt)a r^p 
 fioXtg tQriiJifiy fieydXrjf opofia d* avrij Kogataiij' negie^Qtizo 
 d* ttvti] Ino tov Maaxu xvxXcp. 'EpfavSt efieivap r^fttgag 
 
 5 rgeig xal iiteaitiaapio. 'EpreiOep i^eXavpei aia&fioh^ egfj- 
 fiovg rgel; xal dtxa, nagaadjyag ipep^xorta^ top EvcfgaTr^p 
 nota/iop fp dt^ia exoav, xul dcpixpelrai inl IlvXag. *Ep tov- 
 toii totg aTaO/ioig noXXd toip vno^vyitap dn(oXeto vno tov 
 Xifiov' ov ydg r^p j[ogtos ovde dXXo dtpdgop ovdiPj dXld 
 \piXrj r^p d.taaa rj X^^Q^' oi de ipoixovpteg opovg uXttag Tianu 
 top noTUfiop ogvjtopteg xal noiovpteg elg DafvXitpn l^ynp 
 
 6 xflu inioXovp xal dptayogd^opteg aitop t^oDP. To de trrga- 
 tevfia 6 aUog entXine, xal nglaaOai ovx l^t ei /iij tp t^ 
 jivdin dyogn ep ti^ Kvgov ^ag^agixipf ji^p xat*tOijp dXevgo)P 
 ^ dXcfiToup terrdgtap aiyXtop. *0 de oiyXog dvvaiai entd 
 o^oXovg xiu lifiio^oXiop *Attixovg' ^ de xaniSij dvo x^^vixag 
 *j4ttixdg fX(ogti. Kgt'a ovp iaOiorreg oi atgaticorai dityi" 
 yyopto, 
 
 7 . Hp de TOVTiop twp atadfi^p ovg ndpv ftaxgovg i^Xav 
 9iPt onore ^ ngog vdwg ^ovXoito diateXe'acu f ngog ;t'^of 
 
 -^. a, X, %\ 
 
 169 
 
 Kai dfj ftoie arepoxoiglag xal nnXov (pap^'pzog talg dud^atg 
 dvgnogevTOv eneatn Kvgog alp rolg negl alrhp dgiaroig 
 ^ai^ etdaii^opsardroig xal ira^e FXoIp xal niygrjra Xa§6vrag 
 fov Pag^agixov argatov ovpe.^i^d^eip tug d^d^ag. 'Enel 8 
 d ^ idcxovp avr^ axoXai^g „oielv, ^.neg 6gy7j ixslevas 
 fovgfregi avtov Wgaag rovg xgatiarovg cvpemarze'vaai tdg 
 ^.ag. Ep&a d)^ f,,'gog u tJ^g evrahag ,> &edaaa9ai, 
 ^ixpapregyag tovg nogcpvgolg xdrdvg onov hvxfp e\aatog 
 •(TT^xo,,, UPTO o^gneg dp dgdf.01 tig „egl rUijg xal ^dXa 
 xata ngapovg^ yrjXoq^ov, e'xopzeg tovrnvg te tovg noXvteXelg 
 r«ra,r«, xai tag noixiXag dpah^ndag, er.ot de xa} azgsrrtolg 
 riiQi toig tgax^Xoig xal xpiha neg) talg xegaip' ev&hg di 
 cvp rovtoig eigTrf^diaapreg elg top mjXop Oarjop ? ^g r,g dp 
 ^ero^Hsre^govg e^exof^map tag «;.«?«,. To de ovf^nap dn. 9 
 los i^P Kvgog i^g amvd^v ndaap t^P odhp xal oh diutgfBcop 
 onov fiii emi^nyo'v hexa ? ripog dXXov dvayxaiov Ixa&e. 
 J^^ro, POfiiXiop, ocTO, f,h dp Oarrop tXOoi, tonoino drraoa- 
 axevaaror^gcp ^aoiXn f^axuaOai, r7^^ de cxoXaioregor, to. 
 covr^^ nhop avPay^igeoOiu §acjiXu argdrnf^u. Kal avn, 
 deiP d upti^^ Trgog^'xorn top po'vp ^ ^amX,'a>g dgxh nX^iOei f^l^ 
 XHmg xai apOgi^nc,, iaxvgk olaa, toig de f^r^xtcn tm- od^p 
 x«i r^ dieandaOai tag dvtd/ieig daOtr^g, ti tig did tax^^p 
 
 top floXefiOP TXOIOtTO. 
 
 ntgap de toi Evcfgdrov noraf^o'v xatd tohg lgi]f,ovg IC 
 craOf^ovg r,P noXig ehdai^^P ^ul f^eydXri, Spof^a de Xag. 
 ^updr *x ravrijg oi argaui^ra^ ^y6ga^op td enitfjdeia, cry.- 
 d,aig dia^a^ropreg ^de. JicpO.'gag dg eJxeP ateyd.f.ata 
 inif^nXaaap xogrov xov^ov, eha avpT.yop xal avp^nna>p, d>g 
 ^n arnea&a, t^g ydgcrng -io Id^g- i„l ,o.'ra,r dnfiaiPoP xal 
 iXy^apOPta emtifieia, oIpop ts ix t'^g ^aXdpov neno^rj. 
 ¥^vop trig ano toi ^oinxog xal chop fieXirrjg' to'vro ydg ?. 
 ^^ '^V X^Q*!!^ ^Xeiarop. 
 
 '^Ji(fiXeldvtc,p de ti eprav&a t^p te toZ Mivcovog orgc^ U 
 f^'ot^p xm t^p tol KXedgxov b KXeag^og Xfuiag ddim$ 
 
 ti 
 
 ij 
 
 H 
 
fl 
 
 170 
 
 ^Avd^aoig, 
 
 m 
 
 ^ 
 
 thf to'v Mhwi'o.- nl^Y^i ht^aXtV 6 ^\ HO^p fQOi ^ iav 
 tov aTQUTStfia tlfytv axotJcrai'Wff «* oi atQaumai tx^U-^ 
 12 natvov xai atQp^ovro hxvg^i t^ AX««exQ>- ^fl ^« "^'S 
 flfi^'ga KXiOQXOS iXOaiP ini rri^ dm^aaif tov notafiol xui 
 tHU xarttaxsipuf*Bvog trj^ ayogap aqimmvet ini ttiP iaviov 
 axn^h^ dia tov Miv(ovos aiQativfAatog ovv oXiyoii toU ntqi 
 avtof KlQog 5« ovnto tixev, aU' hi nQogi^Xavfe' t6if di 
 Mt'rmog atgatttotay ^vXa ox^c^'^ ^'^* "^^ "^« ^^^ KXiagxof 
 dtiXavrorta, k^'i ti «J"1?- »<«* oviog fiiP avjov fifiaQtiP- 
 lZ *0 6s xatacfivyei tiV to iuvtoh arQarevfta, xm tvOvg nuqay 
 yilXii tli ta onXa' xat tovg lih bnXitas ixtXevaef avtov 
 fiHfai tag aanidag ngog ta yofata Otftag, avtog di Xa^^p 
 tovg Qgaxag xa\ tovg inmag o« ^6af avrqJ «V r^l aiQativ 
 fuiti nXtiovg n tittagaxovra, tovttap 6i oi nXtiaxoi Ggnxeg,^ 
 t'iXavpep im tovg Mtttovog, wyx ixeirovg ixmnX'r^^ai xm 
 avtop mtv^va xai tQt'x^iP im ta onXa • oi di xal latacap 
 14 anoQolvug np ngdyiiati. '0 di ngo^eyog, iivxs y^Q lOisQog 
 jiQogioiP xa] T«Jiv «vT(p eno^itprj t^p bnXit^p,^ tvOvg oi-^ 
 tU to fiiaov dfiCfOTiQfOP ayoiP fOtJo ta onXa xa) idtUo tov 
 KXedQXOV fih noiup talia. 'O S' iX'iXtnaipep ot« aviov 
 oUyov dfP,aaptog xataXiva&lvai ngd<og Uyoi to avtov 
 \l ndOog, ix^Xevs re alrhp ix lov ^iiaov fiiaiaoOai. ^ 'Ep 
 Tovtcp di htl f)x8 Klgog xai hvOeto to ngdyfia, ev&vg 
 iXa^s ta naXrd tig tag x^ie^^i• '««' avp totg^naQolai taw 
 If mat^r T>f» iXavptop tig to iitaop xal Xeyn wd«. KXtagx^ 
 xal TT^oJm xat oi d)loL oi nagopxtg^EXXriPtg, ovx Tar* o,ri 
 nomtB, El ydg tira dXX/^Xoig fidxriP avvdiptti, foiitXers fV 
 tid8 ti tifitgaiiid te xaiaxtxoxpta&at xal v^dg ov noXv 
 ifiov vattgop' xax^g yag tap iifitttgw ix^ptap fidprig 
 ovtoi ok bgdiB ^do^agot noXtfiioiTtgoi ijfup hoptai twf 
 A nagk paaiXti opt(OP' 'Jxovcag taita 6 KUagxogh iavt^ 
 iyiptto • xai navadittpot dfiCfOttgot xaid xw?'*" ^^^^^'^ ^^ 
 
 imXa, » ♦ » 
 
 1 g\ *Epti'v&tP figoiopTOflP i(fatP8T0 tx'^n ^"""^^ **«* ^^ 
 
 -^. a'. X, g\ 
 
 171 
 
 rgog' Hxa:tto d' thai h ati^og ^g digxtUtov Inncp. Olroi 
 ngotorng ^xatop xa] xiXop xal d tt dXXo xg^ov ijr. 
 Vgoptng St, Wgorig dpf.g, yt'pti ta ngogi^xf^P ^aaiXtl xal rk 
 fiohfAia Xtyofitpog ip rotg dgiaroig Dtga^r, ini^ovXtvti 
 Kvgci, xat ngoaOtP noXt(iriaag, xazaXXayeig di. Olrog Kvgcp 2 
 €hip, 8ia{,j<p doirj Inniag xiXtovg, 5ti tolg ngoxataxatoptag 
 mntag tj xaraxdrot ilp iptdgtvaag ? f«rr«,- rxoXXohg avr^p 
 n.ot xat xMam to'v xamp imopzag xal noi^iatttv ^grs 
 M^ote dvpaa&at avzovg idopxag to Kvgov ct^revfia 8a^ 
 otXtt diayytlXat, T^ di Kvg^ dxoiaaptt tavta id6xu 
 t^cptXtfia that xal ixtltv6ip avrhv Xa,ifidvttp fi^gog nag' 
 sxaatov^ roJr ^;e^oVa,.. 'O d' 'Ogort^g, .of^laag iroi^ovg 3 
 T"'f ^'''^ '^''*"^'» ye«>« i7itatoX}iP naga ^aatXta 
 on f^^ot tx<»p inniag a>g ap dvvtitat nXtlazovg' dXXd (fgd^ 
 ^at totg iavzo'v Ifrnt'vaip ixtXtvtp o^g (piXiop alzop vnodi- 
 XtaOat. 'Erljp di ip zj i„,atoXi xaj ri/tf ^g6a&tp mXlag 
 vnoj.pr,f.aza x«. ntazta.,. TavzrjP r^v intazoXi^P dida^at m^ 
 axy apdgt. 0,, ^ezo ' 6 di Xa^^p Kvg<^ Stt'xpvatp, 'Araypo'vg 4 
 dt^ avz,ip K'vgog avXXa.^dptt VgopzrjP, xal avyxaXtt tig 
 tr^p tavzov <jxnp,,p llega^p tovg dgiazovg t^p negl avzop 
 inza' xat tovg z^v 'EXXi\vav azgatfjyovg ixiXtvtv bnXizag 
 ayaytlp tovzovg di Ota&at tk o^;rAa ntgl z^p iavrod crx^- 
 r^P. Ot dt tavza inotfj<jap, dyayopztg cjg tgigxiXtovg bnXt- 
 tag.^ KXtagxop di xal ttaco nagtxdXtae avfi^ovXov, Sg ye xal 5 
 avttp xat totg dXXotg idoxt, ngoz,fi^&'^,at fAaXiaza t^p EX- 
 
 tov Ogoptov <bgiy,'pezo' ov ykg dnogi^^izop r>. ^/r^,, ^^ 
 Hvgop agxttv zov Xoyov udt. 
 
 nagtxuXtca vf^dg, dpdgtg qlXo,, J;ra„. ahp vfilp ^ov I 
 ItvofiBPog o,zt dtxator hrt xal Tigog Ot^p xal ngog dpOgoi. 
 mtot, tovzo ngd^(a ntgl 'Ogopzov zovrovi. To'vtop ydg 
 wga>top ftip b ffihg nuz'f^g t'd<oxtp vrt^xoop thai luor intl di 
 taxdttg, t»g l^r^ avzog, ino tot f>ov ddtXqiol oizog hoXi^ 
 
 n 
 
 ; 1 
 
 'll 
 
172 
 
 ^Afd^aaig. 
 
 11 
 
 fiiiasv tfiot kx^^v TffP iv IlaQ^saiv axgonoXtv yai iy<o avrot 
 ngognoXsfioip inoirjaa agrs do^ai rovzcp tov ngog ffis noXe- 
 fAOV navaaaOai x«i St^iav iXa^op xai idatxa, fitra ravTa^ 
 t(pijt c3 ^Ogopraj tativ o,t4 ae rjdixr^aa ; *0 de dnexgUa^o on 
 
 7 ov. ndXiv 6 KtQOg r,Q(6ra ' Ovxovp varfgor, (og avrog av 
 ouoXoytTg, ovdtv vn ifiov ddixovfievog dnonrug *iV Mvaovg 
 xttx^g inoiFig ttjv ffirjp ^^quv o,t« iSvpo) ; EcfH b 'Ogoprrig. 
 Ovxovp, tijprj 6 Kvgog, onot ah iyptag rr^p aeavtov dvpufnp, 
 iXOa)P ini top tJjg 'u^grtfAidog ^tajAOP ftitafit'Xetv ti <toi 
 tqiT^aOa xa\ nsiaas tfii mata ndXtp tdoaxdg fiot xai iXa^tg 
 
 I nag ffiov ; Ka\ tavd* tofioXoyei 6 ^Ogopriji;. Ti ow, ttftj o 
 Kvgog, ddixij&aig vn ffiov pvp to rgirop ini^ovXevcDP fiot 
 (fapfgog ytyopug ; Einoptog de tov ^Ogopjov on nvdfp adt- 
 XTjOetg, rjgoirr^aep 6 Kvgog avtop' 'OfioXoyetg ovp tregi ff^t 
 adtxog ysyep^aOai ; '/f yag dpayxtj, tqnj 6 *0g6pTT}g. ^Ex tov- 
 tov ndXtp ^g(6Trj(jep o Kvgog ' *Eti ovp up ytvoio ry ffi<^ 
 ddtXqx^ ftoXt'ftiog, ffiot de xai qn'Xog xut morog ; *0 Sg arts- 
 xgivaro oti ovd* ti yevoifArjpf a Kvge, Goi y* ap in nots 
 
 I rigog ravTa o Kvgog tine roJg nagov(fip ' '0 fisp apr^g 
 romvia fitp nenoir^xe, roiavra de Xk'yei' vfiojp de av ngoirog^ 
 CD KXt'agxs, dnoqiripat yptafitjp o,ti (toi doxet, KXe'agxog 
 de tine idde. £vfi^ovXevoi iyat top dpdga tovtop ixnodojp 
 noieia&ai (og T«;fi(TT«, (og fir^xen ^^r| jovtop (pvXairea&at, 
 dXXa cxoXrj J r^fiip to xai a jovtop thai tovg iOeXopiag qt- 
 
 4! Xovg, jovTOvg ev nottiv. Tavrrj de rj yptaftri tqitj xai rovg 
 aXXovg ngog&ta&ai. Mtra tavra xtXtvopTog Kvgov tXa- 
 fiopto Tijg ^(orrjg top ^OgopTtjp im Oardrtp anaPTtg dpaardp- 
 teg xa\ ol avyytPttg' tha de t^7jyop avtop 01 ngogeTaxOri, 
 *Enet de tlSop aiTOP oineg ngoaOtP ngogexvpovp, xai tore 
 
 . . ngogexvpr^aaPy xaineg eidoreg on im OdpaTOP vtyoiio. Enei 
 de eig ttjp 'Agzandza axrjtrip eigiix^rj tov moTordTOv rwt 
 Kvgov axrjntovx^^f (JieTa Tavra oviB ^cirTa *0g6p7ii9 ovti 
 
 H 
 
 A. a. <. J*. 
 
 173 
 
 u8a,s ,;..yt,- t,x«{:o. Si a'Aio, «'«<„,.• Wyoff Si oW.s ncS- 
 nore avrov eq)dpij. 
 
 C'. '£ptevO,t fhXai,e, S,& r'^g Bapvl<«n'as sraOuole 1 
 
 «3«i. „*e, f^eoas »rxT«ff- 166^1, yig «', W,, i^toZaap i^ 
 lOtaQxof ,,,, to-v SeWv xiQ«>i i^ilaOat, fl/.W„ Si ti, 
 
 M«« S. y .|„„„,, „'^„ ,5 i„,^.^^ .^,^^ aitoi^oU, nana 3 
 ^^yaXov ^aade^s ^xorr.f dn^yyMo, Kvq^ „«gj ,^, Baa- 
 i««>y arQatmi. Kigos Si „vyxaXiaas rors OTearnyoii x«J 
 
 nomxo xa, avrohe traQr^tt, Oa^^vpo), tomSe. 
 
 a arSQii 'aX^rti, oix ip9Qc^„e>p dnog^p Ban8.ioa,p 3 
 o.„vs v^oi «>, aXXi Popi^^r aiuhopag x«J xp^Vro^tf 
 noU,^v ^aa^y^p ipi,. apa,. «,i toJto nQoseXa^op. 'On«,s 
 ovp,„,aO» apSee, «t,„. ,5, iXevOeQ.'as ,V xtxr,,T^^^ x«J 
 [.""(.] Ji v^as fy^ tiSa,ftopi^„. El yig !„re Sn thp 
 .A^.ff.e,«, «-Ao,>,, i, a„J „V lr:«> ndpr«,p ,al iXX^P „oX. 
 lanXama,p. Ona,,- Si xai liS'^ts «V olop %£„»« dy^ra, 4 
 ir<» y.<i e,S<o, «,««'!„. n ^ip yig „xr,Oos „oXv x«2 
 «oWs xgavra imuatp- Ap Si ruZta drd.^xi'^Oe, rdXXa xai 
 ynXVPeaOa^ ^0. aoxcS otovs ii^tP y,a>'«a». roi,- .V rj roip* 
 opta, apOgcinovt. 'r^<5. Si dpSg^P Spra,p xai eiroLl:, 
 mo^ep^P ,y^ If,^, ,i, ^,V „,.^„,^ ^«.irf^.,„, dmha. rots 
 •>xoi ?,;.„,„, „„,,'„<» dmXdHP, „o;.ioi.- Si ol^a, no.^aiip 
 a nae tftoi tXtaOa, dpzl rmp o'xot. 
 
 'EpravOa FavXizr.t nagcop. cpvyig ^df..oi, mwiy Si I 
 K^mjhj- Kat ^,}p, J Kigs. Xiyovd t,pei Sz, noXXi, 
 "mcxp^ ,„, S,u TO ip zoioinp eha, toS x.pSipov roiJ ngog. 
 .orrotf -^ ap S, d yir„rai u, oi (nf.p-^„9ai a.' ^aa.p' hm 
 ': ovS « pipp^i „ xaJ poiXoio, Svpan&a, dp dnoSovra, 
 
 1(1 
 
174 
 
 *Avoi^a6iS» 
 
 I 
 
 6 oaa vmaxvy- Wxovday ravra eXi^sp o KvQog' ^AXlH tan 
 fitp vftiPt (5 afdQn;, fj aQiq y nargq^a ngog fiev fitatjfiPgtuf 
 fitxQi ov dia xavf^a ov dvvatjai oixtXv avOQtanotf ngo^ 
 de UQXTOV fit'xQt OTOv dia x^'f*^*f*' '« ^* *•' fitacp rnvTOiP 
 
 7 anavia caiqantvovoiv o« lov ifiou adtXqiov qiiXoi. Hv 8 
 ^usli viHi^atofter, riitag dtl tovg tjfierfQOvg qii'Xovi; rovrmp fj- 
 xgatstg noiljaai' ugze ov tovto dtdoixa ftfj ovx fjfw, o,ri da 
 ixdarip tmp qjiXatp, ap ev pprirai, dXXa ftrj ovx fxoa Ixarov*; 
 o«v da. *Tfimp da Tc5y 'EXXiJpodp xal ariapapop ixd<n(p XQ^' 
 
 8 aovt dwdo). Oi ds tavra dxovaavTtg avtoi te r^oap noXv 
 TtQoOvfioTiQOi xai loli aXXoig i^^yysXXop, Ehi^Eaap Ss nag 
 avtop 01 re aTgaTtjyoi xal rojp dXXatp 'EXXr^rtop riPSi;, a^tovp* 
 reg stdtpui ri a(fiaip iarai, idr xgarjjatoatp, '0 de ifinmXag 
 
 9 dndptoap rljp ypoofujp dninsiins. TlaggxeXevopto Se avt^ 
 ndpTtg oaoineg dtsXtyopto fdrj lAaxiC&ai, dXV onta&ep tav- 
 rcjv tdir€6dat. 'Ep 9e tip xatg^ tovrcp KXtagxog oade nug 
 T^geio top Kvgop' Om ydg aoi, (u Kvge, fAax^XoOai top 
 ddtXcfov ; Nq Ji\ s(fij 6 Kvgog, Bineg ye Jageiov xai Ua- 
 gvadiidog iari naig, iftog de ddiXq)6g, ovx dfiaxit tavta iyto 
 \r^^tOfial. 
 
 10 *Enav9a dtj h rg t^onXiaia dgt&ftog fyt'psro tcSi* /iw 
 *EXXi^v(OP dan]g fivgia xai rergaxoaia, neXtaarou de dtgxiXiot 
 xai neyraxomoi, t^p de f*ezd Kvgov ^ag^dgoip dexa fivgid- 
 
 11 deg xai ag^ara dgenapr^cpoga dficft id cixoai. T^p de no- 
 XefttoiP eXbyopto thai ixarop xai eixoai fivgiddeg xai dgftaia 
 dgenapt^cfoga diaxoaia, "AXXoi de ^aap e^axigxiXiot innetg, 
 mp *j4giaytgarjg rigx^^ ' ovtoi de ngo avrov §aaiXmg tera- 
 
 12 yfkipoi riaap. Tov de ^aaiXecog atgaievfiarog ^aap dgxopfet 
 [xai atgarrjyoi xai ^ysfiopsg] tetiagegj tgidxopia fivgiddiop 
 exaoiog, 'A^oxofiagy Ttaaaqitgptjg, rm^gvag^ ^Ag^dxrjg. 
 Tovjfop de Tragsyeporro ip rj fiuxn ipepf^xopta fivgiddsg xai 
 OQfiara dgsnapTi(p6ga ixatop xai nspttjxopta, *j4^goxoua% 
 ymg ifcrigijce rt^g fidxrig iuigag frhte, ix ^hoipixrig eXavpvtP. 
 
 13 Tavta de r^yyeXXop ngog Kvgop ol avtOfioXi^aapteg in tm 
 
 jf, a, n, ^ 
 
 175 
 
 noUiutop nagd fieydXov fiamXemg ngo t^g fidxiig, xal fUTa 
 tifp fidxi^p o7 vategop iX^qi&riaap rdip noXeftrnp tavta jj/. 
 yeXXop. 
 
 ^EptevOev de Kvgog i^eXavpet ata&fiop ipa, nagaadyyag U 
 tgeXg, avttttayfit-pfp tqt atgatevnati napti xal t^'i 'EXXi^pix^ 
 uai ty ^ag^agix^' (yeto ydg ravry ty ^fifga fiaxeia^ai 
 PaaiXea' xatd ydg fitaop top aia&fiov tovrop jdcfgog r^p 
 ogvxt/^ fiaOtta, to uev evgog ogyvtai nepte, to de §dOog 
 ogymal tgeig. nagetetato de »/ tdcpgog dvto did tol nedtov 15 
 ini doidexa nagaadyyag fi^xgi rov Mtjdeiag reixovg. ["Ep&a 
 djtimp aj dioigvxeg, dno tov Tiygrjtog notafiov geovaar 
 eiai de ttttageg, to fth evgog nXs&giaiai, ^a&euti de laxv 
 gmg, xai nXoia nXei ep avtatg atraymyd' dg§dXXov<ji de €iv 
 top Evqgdiriv, diaXeinovai d* exdatrj nagaadyytjp, yeqjvgat 
 d enetaip.'} ''Hp de nag avrop top Evqfgdrt^p ndgodog atevrj Ifc 
 fiBtalv tov norafiov xai ttjg tdq^gov mg emoai nodap to 
 evgog' ravrrip de tijp td(pgop §a(nXevg fityag noiei drri igv- 
 uatog, eneidq nvp&dvetai Kvgop ngogeXavpopta. Tavt^p dq 17 
 tqp ndgodop Kigog te xai q atgatid nag^X&e xai iyeporro 
 tioat tqg td(fgov. Tavtrj fiep ovp ty qfiega oix ifiaxeaato 
 daaiXevg, dXX' vnoxmgovvtmp qavegd qaap xai Inntav xal 
 aragantop ixpq noXXu. 'Eptai&a Kigog ^iXavop xaXtaag 18 
 top *Afingaxi(aTqp, fidptip, edtoxep avt^ dagetxovg rgtg- 
 XiXiovg, oti ti irdexdzri dn exeipqg tqg fjfiegag ngotegop 
 &vofiepog einep avz^} on ^aaiXevg ov fiaxeizai dtxa qftegap' 
 Klgog d* elnep ' Ovx dga eti fiaxeirai, ei ftq ep tavtaig 
 uaxeitai taXg q/iegaig' lap d' dXqdevarig, vmaxpoifiat aoi 
 it'xa tdXapta. Tovto to xgvaiop tore d/rtdatxep, enei na- 
 igqXOop ai dexa ruitgai. 'Enei d' ini rj td(fgq> ovx ex(aXve 19 
 BaatXevg to Kvgov atgdtevfia dia^atvttp, tdo^e xai Kvg&t 
 nai toig dXXoig dneyvmxepat tov fiaxtiaOai, mgte tq vate- 
 e«i« Kvgog enogeveto qfieXqfjitriog fidXXop, Tq de tgutj ini 20 
 f« tov agjAatog xa^qftepog tqp nogeiap inomto xai oXiyovg 
 ir r<x{« $iiop ngo avrov' to de noXv avtqt dtatetagayfitpow 
 
\ 
 
 n 
 
 176 
 
 *Avdfaai9, 
 
 htOQtvito xa< 7c5y onXcov loXi; OTQartoirat^ noXXa in] a/io- 
 {fur T^yovTO xai vno^vyiayv. 
 
 1 tj'. Kal tfStj 78 ffV ufiCft ayoQCLV nX/^Oovaap xai nXrjrsiof 
 f/y aiaOfio^ tv&a ifitXXe xaruXvasiVt fjvixa nuiayvag, uvIq 
 TliQariit tar dfAqn Kvqov niazav ngoqiaiverai iXavftav dpa 
 XQcijog IdQOvvjt T(j) iTzmpt x«/ evOva naatp ofc ivtivyxaffv 
 i^oa xai ^uq^uqix^^ xa\ 'E).Xt^vtxmg on ^aaiXtvg [avf\ 
 aTQarevfiari noXX(^ nQO^iQiirai tog iig fidxTjP naQeaxeva- 
 
 2 Ofiewos. EvOa dq noXvi ruQaj^os tytvuo ' avrtxa yttQ ido' 
 xovif oi EXXqveg xat ndvttg de drdxiois aqiaif inineadaOui. 
 
 3 Kai KvQog te xaranijdijaag dnb tov ui)ftarog top ^mgaxu 
 iptdv xai dva^ug inl top Innop ta nnXra tig tag x^^t^^^ 
 sXa^e, rotg re dXXoig ndci noQjjyyEXXep i^onXi^eaOai xui 
 
 4 xaOiataaOai eig t/;i' iavrov rd^ip txaatov. "EvOa dq avp 
 TtoXX^ anovdQ xaOiatavtOf KXtag^og fitp td de^td [tov xa- 
 gaiog^ s^mp nqog t^ Evq^qdii^ norafiot, Ugo^epog di f^o- 
 fAtPog, oi d* uXXot fisrd tovtop, Mtpoup de xat ro argdnvfia 
 
 5 TO siavvfiop xfgag ilxe tov 'EXXqvixov. Tov de ^ag^agixov 
 inntig ftep HaqiXayoveg eig ^'Xiovg nagd KXtagxop eoTaaup 
 IP 7(p dt^ii^ xai TO *EXXqvixop neXtaaTixop, ip de T(p eito- 
 pvft(p *j4gaXi6g ts o Kvgov vnag^og xai to dXXo ^ag^agixop ' 
 
 t Kvgog de xai iTtneig fier avTov oaop i^axoaioi mnXiOfiivoi 
 ^(oga^i fieydXotg xa\ rtagafiqgidioig xai xgdpeci ndpTtg nXr^ 
 Kvgov' Kvgog de \f)iXrjp *;fooi' Tqp xeifaXrjP tig Ttjp fid^qf 
 xai^ioTaTO ' Xeyeiat de xai Tovg dXXovg fltgaag \f)iXalg taig 
 
 7 xtqiaXaig ip rep noXefi(p diaxivdvpevetp, Oi d* innoi drrap- 
 Teg oi fieTa Kvgov tixop xai ngofieTionidia xai ngogrtgridia' 
 tlxop de xai fiaxaigag oi inneig 'EXXqpixdg, 
 
 ! Kai f^dq T8 qp fieaop qfiigag xai ovTiw xaTaq:aptig qaap 
 
 oi noXifiiot * qpixa de deiXq iyiypeto, iqjdpq xopiogTog ^g^ 
 ^g peq!k7.q Xevxq, XQ^*'V ^* (Jvxv(p voTegop ^gneg fAtXafia 
 tig ip T9 ntdico inl noXv. "Ore de iyyvTtgop iyiypoPTo, 
 tdxa dq xai x^^^^og tig qoTganre xai ai Xoyxat xai ai Ta|eitf 
 
 I natacfapsTg iyiypovto. KaH qcap inneig fttp Xevxo&(6gaxe$ 
 
 ^. a\ X. q\ 
 
 m 
 
 Im TOV tloiPVfAOv i(op noltfAicap' Tiaaaqttgvqg iXeytTO rov- 
 rwr agxBiP' ixof^eroi de tovtwp yeogocpogoi, ixofievoi di 
 onXttai avp nodqgtai ^vXitaig daniaip- Alyvnrioi olioi iXi- 
 j'oiro thai' uXXoi d' inntig, dXXoi TO^orai, Lldpreg ovtoi 
 xuTu e&pq ip nXai(ji(p nXijgti dpOgconoap txaazop to tOtog 
 inogevsTO' ngo d* aittap dgfiaTa diaXeinopta avxrop an 10 
 aXXqXosp td dgenapqcpoga xaXovfieva' tlxop de Ta dginapa 
 fK • tmp dl6p(ap tig nXdyiop dnoTeTafxtpa xai vno Toig 
 diq^goig eig yqp §Xinopra, (og dtaxontoiep otcp ivrvyxdvoiep, 
 H de ypojfiq qp <og eig Tag Tal^tig tap 'EXXqpmp iXcopttap 
 xai diaxo\f)6pT<op. "O fitPTOi Kvgog tlnep oze xaXtaag nage- 11 
 xtXeveTO toig "ElXqai Tqp xgavyqp twv ^ag^dgmp dvaaxi' 
 aOai, itptvaOq tovto • oif ydg xgavyq, dXXd aiyrj, a>g dpv- 
 arov, xat qavxq ip laqt xai figadtcog ngogr^eaav. Kal ip 12 
 Tovrq) Kvgog nageXavvcop avzog avp fliygqzi T(p egiiqrti xai 
 dXXoig tgiaip iq TtzTagai t^ KXedgxcp i^oa dyeip to azgd- 
 Ttvfia xazd fitaop to t^p noXtfiioiP, ozi ixti ^aaiXtvg tiq ' 
 xdv T0vz\ iqiq, r/xw/iff, ndpif qfiip nenoiqzai. 'Ogap de 6 13 
 KXtagxng to fitaop aztcpog xai dxovcjp Kvgov t^oo ovza tov 
 EXXqptxov tv(ovvfiov ^aaiXia' tooovzop ydg nXq&ei mgtqp 
 ^aaiXevg (ogTe /dtaop tcjp iavzov tx(OP tov Kvgov eixapVfAOv 
 ilta qp ' dXX ofKog 6 KXtagxog ovx qOeXep dnoandaai dno 
 tov notafiov to de^iop xt'gag, cpo^ovfttpog fiq xvxX(o9tiq 
 ixaztgmOev, t^ de Kvg(p dnexgipazo ozi avz^ fiiXtt onoig 
 xaX^g fj^oi. 
 
 Kal ip TOVTqy TrjJ xaigf to fdtp ^ag^agixop azgatevfia 14 
 OfjaX^g ngoiQdf to de 'EXXqpixop ezi ip t^ avr^ fiirop cvp- 
 tTazreTO ix tojp ezt ngogtoPToap' xai 6 Kvgog nageXavpoap 
 ov ndpv ngog avrq} ry crgaTevfiaTi xareOtdzo exaTtgayae 
 dno^Xenajp t'g Te TOvg noXefiiovg xai Tovg q)iXovg. 'Jdtap de 15 
 ttifzop dno tov 'EXXqrtxov ^spoqioip ^A\>qraiog vneXdffag tag 
 avpapTTJaai qgero ti ti nagayyiXXot' 6 d' imazqcrag tine xai 
 liyetp ixiXeve ndaip ozi Ta legd xai t« acpdyia xaXd ei^, 
 Tavta de Xiyoap dogv^ov qxovae did toop tdl^soip ioptog, II 
 
 i 
 
178 
 
 'Avtt^aatg. 
 
 ua] i^{ttro T/V 6 Oo^v^og itrj. *0 de Stvoc^^p eIthv on to 
 ovvdqfia nuQfQXEjai dtvregot t^drj. Kai tg i&nvfjtaoe tig 
 noQnyytlXft xui f^oeio o,Tt xat eiitj to avvdt^fia. '0 d* ant- 
 7 Hgivato on Zsvg ao}ti]Q xal pixtj, *0 df Kvgog axov* 
 aagj ^AXka dt^ofjiai te, eqtjj xat tovto tarca. Tavta 9 €i- 
 nuiP eig tijr eavrov ^fw^jay art^Xavte. Kai ovxin tgia 7 
 thtaga arddia dui^tiriv tm qidXayye an dXXi]\oiif tjuxa 
 inatdvi^ov te oi ''EXXrjveg xal t^qiovto dtriot iitai toXg noXi* 
 
 18 ftioig. *^i ds nog€vof4ep(op i^exviiaivB ti ttjg qidXayyogf to 
 iniXsmofAepop ij^jaro dgofifp &tip' xal dfta icfOtY^apio ndv' 
 teg olop neg t^' 'EpvaXirp iXeXiXovaty xu\ ndvreg Ss sOsop. 
 Atyovai dt ttfeg (og xa] raig daniai ngog ta Angara idovnij- 
 
 19 aaPf (fo^ov noiovrreg toTg innoig. TIg]p di to^ev^ia i^ixrii- 
 aOai ixxXivovatp oi ^dgpagoi xa] qtivyovai. Kat ivtav&a 
 dq idi<axop fitp xata xgdrog oi EXXt^Pig, i^ooop ds dXXt'iXoig 
 
 20 fiij ^up SgofAqy, dX)! cV td^ti ensaOat. Ta d* agfiata 
 icffgopto td fitP di* avtojp toip noXefiiooPf td de xat did 
 tmp *EXXqv(oPy xBpd fjpt6)^(op. Oi d* ffifl ngotdotep, diiarcP' 
 to' tatt d* oang xat xareXr^apOij ^gneg ip innodgoficp 
 ixTtXa^eig' xa] ovdfp fttptoi ovde tovtop na&stp scpaoap, 
 ovd' dXXog d( tojp EXXi'iPOiP ip tavtrj rj f^dirj tnaOiP oh" 
 dtig ovdt'pf nXrjp in] t^ BvoarvfAfp to^svdqpai ttg iX^yiio. 
 
 W Kvgog S* ogoiP tovg EXXijrag ptxoaprag to xa& avtovg 
 xat dtwxopjag, r^dofiepog xat ngogxvpovftepog f^dij dog (iam- 
 Xevg vno tap ducp avjop, old* tog i^ix^V dicaxeiPt dXXa 
 avPBGfisigafitPtjp iXOiP trjp raJy avp iavrm e^axoaioip innitop 
 tdhp inffxeXstro 0, tt noirjaet ^aaiXivg. Ka] ydg ydet av- 
 
 12 top on fit60P exoi tov Tlegatxov argativfittTog, Kat rrdpteg 
 8* oi Tojp ^ag^dgmp aQXOPteg nhaop tx^pTtg to avtojp ^yovpto, 
 pofjii^opteg ovrw xat ip d(j(faXe(rrdt(p f7i«i, rjp ^ i^x^g av- 
 tmp ixatfgoD&sp j^, xat ei ti nagayyuXai X('&f®'**'» W^^'^ 
 
 23 «v XQ^^'^ aia&dpeaOat to Grgdrrvpiu. Ka] ^uaiXevg dq tort 
 fifflop fx^^ ^^^ iavtov atgatidg ofttog «|a) iyiptro tov KvgoM 
 tvtarvfjiov xigtttog. ^Enel ds ov9e]g avt^ iudx^to ix toi 
 
 A, a\ X. 0'. 
 
 179 
 
 hmrriov ovde totg avtov tetayfitpotg tftrrgoa&tr, inexafintip 
 »g elg xvxXnaip. 'Epda dlj Kvgog, detaag fitj omaOtv yspo- 24 
 Mtpog xataxoxprj to 'EXXqptxop iXavpsi dptiog * xat i/i^aXmp 
 avp totg s^axoffioig vixn tovg rrgo ^aaiXttag terayfttpovg xal 
 tig (fvyqp eigfif)e tovg i^^axigxtXiovg ' xa] dnoxttivai Xf'yetat 
 ttvtog ty eavrov xfig] 'Agrayrgaqp top dgxopta avt^p. 'Qg 23 
 8 ri tgoni] iytpsto diaamlgovtat xa- oi Kvgov e^axooiot etg 
 to dioixeip ogfiqaapteg, nXtjp ndvv oXiyoi dftcp avtop xuie- 
 Xsiq)Oq<jaPf (Txedop oi oftotgdns^ot xaXovfispot. ^vp tovroig 26 
 de ^p xa&oga ^amXm xa] to dfitp ixeipop aucpog • xa] ev&tg 
 ovx iiPtaxsTO, dXX' ehiop, 'Ogta top dpdga, uro in avtop 
 xai naiei xard to atigpop xa] tttgmaxet did tov {>(6gaxog, 
 «>g (pqai Krtjaiag 6 iatgig xa] Idadai avtog to tgavftd q}qai. 
 Tlaiopta d* avrop dxopnXet tig naXr^ vno top 6:p&aXfiOp 27 
 §taioig • xa] iprav&a ftaxofievot xat ^aaiXtvg xa] Kvgog xa] 
 oi dficp avtovg vnsg exattgov, onoaoi piep toap dfiq)] §aai- 
 Xh'a dneOpqnxop Ktqatag Xeyei ' nag ixeipip ydg ^p. Kvgog 
 de avtog ta dniOape xou oxna oi dgiatot tmv negi avtop 
 exeiPTo en avr^. ^Agtandttig ^' matotatog avt^ tap 28 
 6xf,n70t'X(ap dtgdntop Xiyetat, ineidq nentcaxota elde Kvgop, 
 xatanqdiJGag dno tov Innov negmeaeip avt^. Ka] ol fiip 2fl 
 <faat ^aaiXea xeXevoai ttpa imaqtd^ai avtop Kvg^ oi d* 
 eavtop intaqd^aa&ai anaadfjiepop top dxipdxrjp' eixe ydg 
 Xgvaovp' xa] argentop de eq)6get xa] xpeXta xa] tdXXa iSi^neg 
 oi dgifftot Uegamp' itetifiqto ydg vno Kvgov dt' evpotdp te 
 xai niGtotfjia. 
 
 &. Kvgog fdep ovp ovtoi^g iteXevzqaep, upijg eSr 77*^ 1 
 jwr tmp fieta Kvgop top dgxaiop yevofiivtap ^actXixoitatog 
 re xat dgxetp d^Korarog, cog nagd ndprmp ofioXoyetrai tcap 
 Kvgov doxot'prnp ip netgn yepea&at, ffgrntop ficp ydg en 2 
 nnlg oir, ore inaidevero xui avp TfjJ ddeXq;^ xa] avp totg 
 uXXotg nairn, ndptoop ndpta xgdrtorog ipofuXero. Udpteg 3 
 ydg oi raJr dgiattop Tlegamp naldeg in] taXg ^amXemg &v- 
 ^tig naidevorra., ep^a noXXrjp ftep aoacfgoovptip xataud&o» 
 
180 
 
 *^fdpaotg. 
 
 4 ap r/v» aioxQf*^ ^* ovSev ovt dxovaai ovr idiXv tan. 0mp^ 
 tai d^ oi TTuiSt^ xai TOtv rifioaiitpov^ vno ^uaiXtoii xa\ dxov* 
 ovai xat uXXov^ UTifia^ofttpov^' ojgze evOv^' naidf^' ofng 
 
 5 fiavOdiOiaiv vnix^iv re xal ug^eaOat. "KvOa Kvgo^ aidq- 
 uofsaruTOi; filv nQcHtop tcjp rjXixioiTujv idnxet ilvui, roli; ti 
 ftQia^vrtyoi^' xut jojp iavzov vnoSseatigoir fiiiXXop ntiOtaOM^ 
 ineita dl qnXiTtnorarog xal roT^ Innotg aQiata j^^^cr^ai* 
 exQtvov d* avzop xat imv ei^ top noXefAOp tgyoup, to|(x^i; rt 
 xal dxortiasoa^f qiiXofMaOhararop that xat faXBTtjQOiaiop. 
 
 6 ^Enet de t^ rjXixia engene, xal qitXoOrjgoTaros f^p, xat ngb^ rd 
 •dtigia fAfpTOi qiiXoxipdvvoTaTog. Kat dgxrop nore inicpsgo- 
 fitp^p ovx irgsasp, dXXd avfineaoitp xatecndaOij dno toi 
 innov, xat td fnp STta&sPf (op xat tag toreiXdg q>apegdg elj^e, 
 reXog de xattxapt * xdi top ngo^TOP fitPTOi ^oij^r^aaPTa noX 
 Xotg fjtaxagiatop i/ioir^(J€P. 
 
 7 'Etjh de xarenffidpOi] vno rov naigog aargdnrig y^vdiag 
 te xdi 0gvytag trjg fieydX/jg xal KannaSoxiag, argairjyog de 
 xal napjoap dnedtiiOri olg xa&f}xsi tig KaaruiXov nediop 
 d&got(^ea&atf ngoirop fth int'dsi^ep avxop on negl nXeiarov 
 noioUo, tt 7(p antiaatio xal ti im avpOotro xal ei rqt vno* 
 
 8 (Tiotfo r<, fdrjdep \f)evdea&ai. Kal ydg ovp intarevop ftet 
 avT(^ ai noXeig intigenofifpai, intaievop d* oi drdgeg' xat 
 ei tig noXb'fitog tyereto, aneiaafitpov Kvgov iniateve fiqdtt 
 
 9 dp nagd tag anotddg naOetp. Toiyagovp inel Ttaaagiegvfi 
 in€)Xe'fii](je, ndaai al noXttg exovaai Kvgop hXopto dvrl 
 Ttoaaqtgpovg nXijp MiXrintvop' ovroi de on ovx I^OtXe tovg 
 
 IC qievyoptag ngota&at eqto^ovPTo avtop. Kal ydg egyfp ine* 
 deixpvTO xal eXsyep ozi ovx dp nore ngooito, inel dna^ (ft' 
 Xog avtoig iyt'peto, old* et en fiep fieiovg yt'poiPiOf en de 
 
 11 xdxiop ngd^eiap. fl^apeghg d* ^p xal et ttg tt dyaOop ^ 
 xaxop fioiijaetep avrop, pixdp freigodfierog ' xal evx^^p de tireg 
 aiftov i^eqjegop dtg et'xotro toaovtop xqopop f^r eare pixcp^ 
 
 IS xal tovg ev xat tovg xaxmg notovptag dXe^oftepog, Kal ydq 
 OVP nXetOTot dq avt^ hi ye dvdgl roip r(p ^ftmp ine&vfitt- 
 
 A, a\ X. {^\ 
 
 161 
 
 tap xal XQru^'^ra xat noXeig xal rd iavt^p ooif^aTa ngo^ 
 
 Oi ,,ir S)i oiSi Toir ,lv ui f.Voi citf joh« x«xo%o..f x«! IJ 
 
 noUam 8 y* ISh» naua T«.- fft«|Jo^.V«.- Hols x«J so- 
 Bmr x«, x^'Q-^' x«; icf9aX^iv 07,Q„v,.irov, «ff(,<»;xon' ' 
 •.*T u TB KvQOv aexl J>tVero xa! 'EXX^,, ^^ ^aQ^aq,^ ,,„. 
 en atuovpu iie^i ^oQiviaOa, Snot r,s r,dae,, /;jom o,ri 
 ncnxo,Qotn. Tois yt fu'vjot dyaaohe t.V jroif/ior 6/40X6- 14 
 rr^ro 8m<ty6rr«,s r.^^,. Kal „(,^ro, ,,h ,> „ir<? „oifuo; 
 nvo,- ntmSas xa. Mvaov,- <,TQativ6,4ir„s ol. x«i alrhs Hi 
 r.,vTas tas xciQae ovg ioiga ion.ovzui xi,8vnit,r. roixovt 
 1"! "«'/':""* {"T H """"'e^'V^o x<iQai. inHTa 8i xaj 
 aXXia Ba,Qo,s i„fta- a.,r« q,m'r,a»ai roi-tf f,h iyaOovs ei- 
 Ba,,iortatdrovs, tovi 8i xaxot-j 3o.'io.,i,- rovrc^r i^wip ilp„c 
 To,raQovp „oXX)i ,> &q,»ona alr^ r<5r iOMrr^v xip8v. 15 
 fivm. ojtov T,s o.'o.ro Kiqor aladijoMOa,. £,;• yi f,)^^ la 
 8,xaio<,v,ti* *' ui aiT,p ,paptgis yhono imStUvvaOai fov- 
 lofittoi-, mQl navthii i^outio rovtovg nXovamuQovs nom, 
 T<»» « ToJ aSUov (ftXoxtQSoirt,^,. Ka] yuQ ol, aXXa j, 17 
 noXXa 8,xcu,as airv 8uxe>QiXeT0 xai <,.Qaieif,an dX^O,^^ 
 fmauTO. Kal yig arQarr,yol xal Xoxayol oi ;((,,^«',a,r 
 (»tx« „eoi,- ««ro, i„Xevaap. iXX' i„il !y,„„„, x.g«„lt«,'. 
 «por rf,«. Kve'P xaXUs m,OacxH, 7, ri xari ^^,„ xn,«of . 
 AXXa ^,> « ttg yi „ „ij^ neoi-T«'J«m xaXmg vnnQiri,. 18 
 amt, ov8m nanore uxiigiator uaae j};, nQoOvfilat. To,. 
 yoQov, XQdtiaioi 8q in^Qt'tai na»hs kr'v Kigm iX/x»>iaar 
 y^»oOat. Ei 8i ura og,^, dupi, Srta oixor6,,or ix to5 19 
 tixaiov xa, xaraxxtvd^o^d « ,J,. igxo, x«e«i xal ngosi- 
 iovs no,ovi,za, oiSera ^v W;,ore d^dXizo, dXX dn nUio 
 rfOfi8i8ov- <S,-,« x«J ij8i,»t in6povv xai 9aQ^aXto>s ixz6,zo 
 xaj a tn^naro al tit r,xiaTa Kigop txgvnzfr- oi ydq qiOo- 
 r»r ro.V (pattQmi nXovzoiaip icpaiftzo, dXX^ neiQapipoe 
 tg',«»a, rov T»r vitoxQvatoitirw «)/>««. H)lXovi ye u^r 90 
 
 ;^ 1 
 
182 
 
 ^Afdj^aoig. 
 
 \ 
 
 oaovs noiriaaito x«i itfovg rvoirj ovrag xa< ixaroti," x^tnrt 
 rvfSQyovg thai o,Tt tvyxdvoi ^ovlofitvog xarf^3'a?*(J^««» 
 onoXoyeaai ftQog natimv xgduaros drj ytfkodai Oi{)anivtiP. 
 
 21 Kai yoQ avro lovto, olmq avtog mxa (fHoiv (}eto 8tia&at. 
 wg avtiQyohg ixoi, x«i avrog ineigdio avveQyog roTg (fiXotg 
 HQauatog thai tovrov orov txaatov ulaOdvouo imOv- 
 
 fiovrra. 
 
 22 Joaga de nXtlara /ler o7^«i tig ye wr drriQ iXdfi^nPB 
 dia noXXd' ravta de ndvrojv drj ftdXiaia rotg^(fiXotg ditfU- 
 dov, nQog rovg rgonovg exdaiov axonav xai otov fidhara 
 
 23 6Q(pr, ixaarop deo^tvop. Ka\ oaa T(p <tw>«t« avtoi xoafiov 
 fiifinoi ug 5 wtf tig noXtfiop rj d>g tig xaXXtomafiov, xa\ ntgl 
 tovttor XtytiP avxop tcpaaap oti to fttp eavtov a(Ofia oi/x 
 UP dvpaiTo jovioig ndai xoo/ijy^^rai, cpiXovg de xaXoig xe- 
 
 24 xoaiAJjfitPOvg fifyiaiop xoafiop dpdgl pouiZoi. Kui jo fitp 
 ta fitydXa ptxdp jovg (fiXovg tv noiovpra ovdtp Oavfiaaiop^ 
 intiSfj ye xai dvpartategog ijp' to 8e t§ im/ieXtia ntgitipai 
 imp (fiXoiP xai t^ ngoOvfitia&ai xctQiX^oOai, ravra tfiotya 
 
 25 fidXXop doxti dyaara that. Kvgog yag eirtfine ^ixovg ohov 
 iifitdetig noXXdxig, 6:i6je ndpv ndvp Xd^ot, Xf'yojp on ovnoi 
 dri noXXov xQOpov tovrov ndiopi otvtp inirvxoi' jovxop ovp 
 aoi intfixpe xai deTrai aov lovtop ixmttp ti^fiegov avp olg fid-^ 
 
 26 Xtata qjtXtig. UoXXdxig de xn^^^ r]fii^g(aTOvg hefine xai 
 ugr(OP rifiiaea xai dXXa rotavra, imXiytiP xtXtv<OP top g?«- 
 QOPta' Tovroig i^aOrj Kvgog' §ovXtiai ovv xai ae tovtcup 
 
 27 yevcaa&at. 'Onov de x^Xog andviog ndtv eirj, avrog d' tdv-^ 
 pato nagaaxsvdoaaOai dia to noXXovg extip vnrigitag xai 
 did triP inifitXetttP, dtantftntap ixeXeve tovg (fiXovg toig to 
 iavTcSf iSfOfJiata uyovatp Innoig tft^aXXeiP tovrop top x^^^t 
 
 2p tog ftrj neiPWPTeg tovg eavtov (fiXovg dytoatp. El de dq non 
 nogtvoiTO xa\ nXeiarot fiMottp oipeax^ai, ngogxaXap tovg 
 qiiovg ianovdainXoyeiTO, dtg dr^Xolq ovg tifta. "Qgte eymy^ 
 t| w dxovon ovdipa xgiroi vno nXti6p(op m(fiX7iaOai ovf 
 
 IG EXXirojp ovte §agpdg<ap, Texfiijgtop de tovrov xat todi. 
 
 ^. a. X. I. 
 
 189 
 
 naga jap Kigov, dovXov Sptog, oMg dfr^ei nghg paaiXta, 
 nXrip *0g6ptag intxtlgriae' xai oltog dq Sp ^ezo marop oi 
 thai, taxh alrhp elge Kvgtp tpiXalrtgop ? iavr^- nagd de 
 Baa,Xt(og noXXol Trghg K'vgop aTi'^XOov, ineid'q noXt'f^oi «;.;.f 
 Xoig tytporro, x,u olroi fi,'ptoi oi fidXiara vti avrol dyanco^ 
 fUPOi, POf4iXopteg nagd Kvgcp Spreg dya&ol d^iton'gag dp 
 rW tvyjdveip $ „a^d ^aaiXei, Mtya d'e texfii^giop xa} to SH 
 tP ti ttXtvri tov piov alr^ yepof^tpop Sri xai avz6g 7ip 
 ayaOog xa\ xglptip Sgf^wg idvparo tovg Timtohg xai tZvovg 
 x«i §t§aiovg, 'AnoOvriaxoPTog ydg avrov ndprtg ol nag' 3. 
 at;Tor qtloi xai avptgdnt^oi fiaxofitpoi dnt&avop vnlg 
 Kvgov nXliP 'Agiaiov ovtog de terayfit'rog tivyxaptp enl 
 r(? tlmvfMc^ ro'v Inmxo'v dgx(OP' w^^ d' ^adtro Kvgop ' 
 nemoixoTa ,^(fvysp ?x<»p xai to argdrtvfia ndp ol fjyeito. 
 
 *'. 'Epral&a dq Kvgov dTiottfipetai jf xtipaXq xai xelg 1 
 V^ dthd. BaoiXtvg dl xai oi avp ahrt^ dmxcop tlgninrti 
 tig ro Kvgnop crgar6ntdop' xai oi f,h fierd 'Agialov olxtri 
 larapzai, dXXd (fsi<yov<Ti did tod avr^p argaromdov tig rhp 
 'jraOfiop Ip9,v ^gf^qpro' tettagtg d' iXtyopto nagaadyyai 
 ihai tng hdol. BamXtvg de xul oi gvp alr^ td te dXXa 2 
 TioXXa diugnd^ovci xa\ t^P ^ayxatda tqp Kvgov naXXaxida 
 tqp aotpqp xai xaXqp Xtyofit'ptjp ehai Xafi^dpti, H de MiXq^ 3 
 cia [^ pe<ortga] XncpOtiaa vnh t^p dficpl §aaiXia Ixcptvyti 
 yvfipq ngog t^p 'EXXijp<op o7 !tvxop ip roig cxtvocfogoig SnXa 
 no^reg, xai dptitaxOtPttg noXXo'vg fih t^P dgna^opto^p 
 arrtxreipap, ol de xai alt^p dneOapop' ov fiijp l^vyop ye, 
 dXXa xa\ tavrqp ^a<oaap xai dXXa OTioiXa tprog avr^p xai 
 XQJfiara xai df&g<orroi ^yivopro ndpta iata<jap. 'Evrav9a 4 
 dUdxop dXXriXo^p ^aciXtvg re xai oi 'EXXqpsg oSy tgmxopta 
 atddia, oi f4h di(»xo»t€g tovg xa& iavrovg d>i ndprag 
 Pixjprtg, oi d* dgnd^oprsg c^g Jfiq ndpreg pix^vreg. 'fig 5 
 de j^aOopto oi fs^'EXXqpeg 5ri ^aaXthg cvp t^ atgartvfiari 
 tp tOig axtvo<p6goig tiq, paaiXevg d* al ^xovoe Tiaaaq^^g. 
 fovg on oi 'EXXqrfg piHc^iep rb xaOt' iavrovg xai elg t^ 
 
184 
 
 'uivd^aaig. 
 
 ngoaOep oixoi^ai ^iwxoi^Tfff, ivravOa 3^ §a6ihk H^f ^^Qoi- 
 f« ZB Totv iavjov xal avrtdtreiat • 6 3fi A'X*«exoff f?ov^ 
 XevtJO riyo^efor xaU'oag, nXtiotaijatoi yag />, a' ;it>»oiff 
 Tiyatf ; fidviii iouv fnt to atQaiortidov aeijjorrev-. 
 
 idoHcu omadif. Kcu oi fiip'mXtiPe^ [av]crreaqp*V«i; ^"C*- 
 (jxeiafoyrai (og laviri nQogt6vJOS xal d*Jo>yoi, 6 «a ^aai- 
 icvff ravT^ fih ovx h^v, r^ 5* nuQnX&^v «?» tov ev^rv/^op 
 xi^ttTOi;, lavn xa\ dnnyayEv, dvaU^^v xa\ lovi if n ^a^fl 
 ftQog Tois- "Ellfivag avtOfioXftOavtag xul Ttaaaqa'uvriP xai 
 
 7 jovs avp avf^. '0 yuQ Tiaaafpf'grng h rj ngcot^ cvtoSq? 
 ovx hvyiv, dXXa diijXaae naga top norufiop xata jovg E:^- 
 
 . Xfipa^i ntXxaatdg' dteXavva^p dl xarixave fih ovdtpa, duf- 
 ardpreg d' oi 'EXXrjpeg tnaiop xal rtxovii^op aviovg' 'Em- 
 ad^pqg da 'JfiCfinoXitrjg nQt^ t^v mXiaax^p xal iXfyem 
 
 8 (fg6v,fiog ysptaOai. '0 d' olv Tiaaacf^'gprig <og fAilop h^" 
 dnriXXdyn, ndXiP (aIp ovx dm(7Tgt(fEi, elg Si to aTgan67tidop^ 
 d(fix6tisyog to t^p 'EXXijvtop ixii avptv^dpEi ^aaiXn, xat 
 
 9 ofioi d)i avptaldfispot inooeCopto. 'Errsl 3' ^aup xatct to 
 tv(6pvfAop t^p 'EXXiiPtop xi-'gag, idttcap oi "E).XfiP€g H'l "Q^^' 
 dyoiep ngog to xtgag xal ntgiTzrv^apteg df^cfottgoiOep av- 
 jovgxatax6it)€iap' xal iSoxet avtolg dpuntvaaeip to xigag 
 xal noit'inaaOai omaOep tov nota^op, 
 
 X *Ep4 5« tavta f^ovXevopto xal dq ^aaiXelg fiagaiui- 
 ypdfAStog £iV to avto ama xattatriaep apt lap t^p (fdXayya 
 ^gmg to ng^top fiaxovfispog avpiei. '^g is tidop oi'EX- 
 X,^peg iyyvg ts optag xal nagatstayfitpovg, av&ig natapiaup- 
 11 tig inisaap noXv «rt ngoOvfiotegop ? to ngoa&tp. Oi a* 
 av §dg§agoi ovx idtxopto, dXX' ix nXeiopog ? to ngoa&ep 
 S i(f(vyop' oi d' iTiedi(OA0P ^w »<«V'?^' ^'*'«'*\ 'Eptai^f>a 9*^ 
 Sat^aap oi "EXXrjPsg' vnfg yag tJig x(6fArjg y^Xocfog r>^ fcp 
 ov dpeazgdq>ri<jap oi dfiCfl ^aaiXia, ns^ol filp ovxtn, t^v «• 
 innrnp b Xocpog iPsnX^aOri, agte to noiovfxepop m yiypoi- 
 axeip. Kal to paailsiop awEiOP ogap h(^aap, dstop Tira 
 
 ji* a, X, I. 
 
 185 
 
 Xgvaovp im ntXtqg [in] ^vXov] draTstafitrop. 'Eml dl xa) 1.1 
 iptal& ix^govp ol "EXXrjreg, Xiinovai dq xal top X6(pop oi 
 hmig' ov fiirtot iu uOgooi, dXX* uXXot dXXo&tP' iipiXovro 
 «* 6^X6(pog tap innttap' tflog de xal ndpreg dnexo^grjaap. 
 'O oIp KXkagxog ovx aifj3/^«J«,p U top Xocpop, dXX' vno 14 
 avtop ctri6ag to aigdtevfia nt'fimi Avxiop top i:vgux6aiop 
 uai aXXop inl top Xocfop xa] xtXsvet xatidovtag td vneg tov 
 X6(pov^ ti iatip dnayytn.ai. Kal 6 Avxtog f^Xaas re xal 15 
 i8a)p dnayyiXXei oti cpevyovaip dtd xgdtog. ^xedop d* ore 
 tavta ^y, xal rjXtog idvero. 
 
 ^ 'Eptal&a d' [e^cjtf](jap ol "mXfjPBg xal] Ot/xEPOi td SnXa 16 
 apenavopto ' xal dfia fih iOavfia^op on ovda/Aov Kvgog 
 (fatpotto Old' dXXog dn avtov ovStlg nagtiq' ov ydg ^de- 
 oap avtop tt&prjxota, dXX' ttxa^op ^ di(6xopta otxEa&ai tj 
 xataXr^xfjOfifpop ti TrgoeXtjXaxtpai ' xal avtol f^ovXsvopto ti 17 
 avTov fieUaPTtg td axtvogioga irtalOa dyoipto i} dmoup 
 imto argatonedop' ido^tp oIp avtovg dmtrai' xal «(y«. 
 Xfovptai dfj(pl dognriatop inl tag axrjpag. Tavtj^g ftev t^^g 18 
 ijfitgag tovro tc ttXog iyypero. KataXafi^dvovai ds tcip te 
 aXX(ap xgwdiuip td nXeiatu dirignaaiiiva xal tl ti aitiop 
 ? notop !>• xa* tag dfid'^ag fieatdg dXtvga^v xal onov, 
 dg nageaxevdaato Kvgog, ha ei note acfodgd Xd^oi to 
 argatontdop tpdeta, diadoirj roTg "EXXriaip, ^aap d* avrai, 
 d>g iXt'yopTO, tstgaxomat dfia^ai, xal tavtag tote ol gvp 
 faaiXei dtr^gnaaap- digte ddtimoi r^uap oi nXtlatoi tap 'EX- I« 
 Xirmp' t](sap di xal dpdgiaror nglp ydg d/) xataXiaai to 
 utgdtiviAa nghg ugiaiop ^aaiXevg ((papf^. Tavrr^p fAtp ovp 
 ttiP pvxra oit(a dit^iporto. 
 
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H 
 
 FIRST FOUR BOOKS OF 
 
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 WITH OR ^S^NTITHOXJX VOCiVBXJLARY. 
 
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