FIFTY C E NTS THE NUMBER FIVE DOLLARS THE TEAR ARCHflMVRE VOLUME XXVII MARCH 1913 NUMBER 3 HIGGINS' DRAWING INKS ETERNAL WRITING INK ENGROSSING INK TAURINE MUCILAGE 4 PHOTO MOUNTER DRAWING BOARD PASTE LIQUID PASTE OFFICE PASTE VEGETABLE GLUE. ETC. ARE the FINEST and BEST GOODS of THEIR KIND Emancipate yourself from the use of corrosive and Ill- smelling Inks and adheslves and adopt the Hlsrfns Ink* and Adheslves. They will be a revelation to you. AT DEALERS GENERALLY. CHAS. M. HIOQINS & CO., Mfrs. Brunches : Chicago. London. 271 Math St., BROOKLYN. N. Y. uyjfBx TRADE ^■■ST MARK The Chicago "Triplex" Spring Butt has features of construction and design which appeal to the architect and builder. Their use insures satisfied clients. CATALOG A29 ON REQUEST Chicago SpritJS^Butl (torn pairs. CHICAGO NEW YORK MANUFACTURED BY THE The Superior Grade of Hrcbttectural {Terra Cotta jfeberal TTerra Gotta Company 111 BROADWAY NEW YORK is best evidenced in its representative work. BUILDING Biltmore Hotel Emmet Building Gilchrist Store Bamberger Store World's Tower Hotel Taft St. Patrick's Church Georgian Terrace Sharpies Building St. Matthew's Church Northwestern Mut. Life Bldg. Merchants National Bank Union National Bank Bromo Seltzer Tower Times Annex Court House Hotel Ritz-Carlton Union Station Pavilions "L and M" Union Station LOCATION Grand Cent. Terminal, N. Y. 29th St. and Mad. Ave., N. Y. Boston, Mass. Newark, N. J. no West 40th St.,N. Y. New Haven, Conn. Philadelphia, Pa. Atlanta, Ga. Chicago, 111. Washington, D. C. Milwaukee, Wis. Indianapolis, Ind. Clarksburg, W. Va. Baltimore, Md. West 43rd St., N. Y. Virginia, Minn. Montreal, Can. Tampa, Fla. Bellevue Hospital, N. Y. Detroit, Mich. ARCHITECT Warren & Wetmore Barney & Colt Bigelow & Wadsworth Jarvis Hunt Buchman & Fox F. M. Andrews & Co. LaFarge & Morris W. L. Stoddart W. D. Mann LaFarge & Morris Marshall & Fox D. H. Burnham & Co. Wyatt & Nolting J. Evans Sperry Buchman & Fox Bray & Nystrom Warren & Wetmore T. Leitner cKim, Mead & White Warren & Wetmore CONTRACTOR Geo. A. Fuller Co. Cauldwell-Wingate Co. Geo. B. H. Macomber Co. Geo. A. Fuller Co. Edward West Browning V. J. Hedden & Sons Co. Melody & Keating Geo. A. Fuller Co. Bulley & Andrews Co. J. E. & A. L. Pennock Geo. A. Fuller Co. Bedford Stone Const. Co. Thompson-Starrett Co. J. H. Parker Co. Geo. A. Fuller Co. Bailey-Marsh Co. Geo. A. Fuller Co. King Lumber Co. John T. Brady & Co. Geo. A. Fuller Co. THE NORTHWESTERN TERRA COTTA CO. MANUFACTURERS . OF . HIGH . GRADE *=ARCHITECTURAL = TERRA COTTA CHICAGO :: ILLINOIS [ravings inMitecture * are made by ENGRAVING COMPANY 30 E. 21 st ST.. NEW YORK Avery Architectural and Fine Arts Library Gift of Seymour B. Durst Old York Library ARCHITECTURE i Ideal Boiler Values Ideal Boilers are carefully designed and equipped to secure the best possible results at the radiators with the greatest economy of fuel and the least care and attention at the boiler. They have ample fuel holding capacity for long firing periods, and for all-night firing, insuring quick results at the radiators, and warmth and comfort in the early morning hours. Draft, grate area, direct heating surface, and flue travel are carefully pro- portioned to secure the greatest possible heating value from the coal burned and deliver it in full measure to the rooms above. American* Ideal ii Radiators ^Iboilers in the heating specifica- tion, insure certain com- fort and satisfaction for your client. The reliable ratings of IDEAL Boilers and the ample condensing capacities of AMERI- CAN Radiators make it an easy matter to accu- rately select the proper outfit for any class of buildings. Their use re- duces caretaking labor to a minimum, prevents waste of fuel, and insures uniform, good heating re- sults in all kinds of weather. American r adiatormpany Chiwago, New York, Boston, Providence, Philadelphia, Baltimore. Buffalo, Washington, Pittsburgh, Cleveland, Cincinnati, Detroit, Atlanta, Birmingham, New Orleans, Indianapolis, Milwaukee, Omaha, Minneapolis, St. Paul, St. Louis, Kansas City, Denver, Los Angeles, San Francisco, Portland, Seattle, Spokane, Toronto, Brantford (Ont.), London. Brussels, Paris, Berlin, Duesseldorf, Vienna. Milan Ex ICtbrtB SEYMOUR DURST 11 ARCHITECTURE THE GREAT WINDOWS OF THE GRAND CENTRAL TERMINAL WARREN & WETMORE AND REED & STEM, ASSOC. ARCHITECTS ' I V HEY are built of cast iron reinforced by steel frame work. The double construction, with glass floors at three levels, affords communication through the windows to adja- cent parts of the building. The Hecla sash are used throughout, giving perfect weather protection, and all sash are opened and closed in groups, and are controlled by compressed air devices. MADE BY HECLA IRON WORKS ORNAMENTAL BRONZE AND IRON North 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th Ste., Wythe Ave., and Berry St., Brooklyn, N. Y. City ARCHITECTURE iii I architecture Batter son & JBisele Importers and workers in flRarble, ©n^r anb (Sranite Toman and Venetian flfcoaalce tor floors, TWUUs, flfcantele, Etc. Morfes: eyewater, HI. 3- ARCHITECTURE v Board Room of N. Y. Central R. R., New Grand Central Terminal, New York. Decorations executed by W. & J. Sloane. Warren & Welmore, Archilecls. Reed & Stem, Associate Architects. IN the Decorating and Furnishing of Office and Public Buildings we bring to bear every facility of the most complete organization of its kind in the world. The wide experience and skill of our large staff of designers, decorators and artisans in work of this character are exemplified by many of the most promi- nent buildings in America, while our extensive stocks of Furniture, Fabrics and Floor Coverings of every description provide liberally for every requirement. Inquiries are cordially invited from Architects, with whom we will gladly cO'Operate by submitting sketches, suggestions and estimates, when desired. W. & J. SLOANE Interior Decorators Furniture Makers Fabrics and Floor Coverings FIFTH AVENUE AND FORTY^SEVENTH STREET, NEW YORK vi ARCHITECTURE BRONZE ENTRANCE DOORS Guaranty Trust Company Building, Broadway and Liberty Streets. New York City York & Sawyer, Architects Executed by Wm. H. Jackson Company 2 West 47th Street, adjoining 5th Avenue New York City Also 902 South Michigan Boulevard, Chicago Shops, 229-239 West 28th Street, New York ARCHITECTURE vii Sound Transmission In Buildings Its Prevention And Thc Use TntreroR Or Hygienic Materials THE HVORf.X FELT 4 ENC.INEERINC CO J AN ORIGINAL PAMPHLET OF INTEREST TO EVERY ARCHITECT Copy sent free on request The architect admittedly has the power to include in his original design arrange- ments and materials which both theory and practice have proven advantageous, and to exclude those which, by the same tests, have been found to be injurious. To offer aid in this respect, as regards provisions against sound-conduction, is the mission of this pamphlet. It has always been the aim of this Company to serve the architectural and engineering pro- fessions by improving products and materials, i. e., by ORIGINATING something. It was, for example, the FIRST company organized in "Waterproof Engineering" (the copyrighted title of a booklet issued by the Company) and for the manufacture of special materials for such work, i.e., HYDREX Waterproofing Felt and Compound. It CREATED the now well-known, standard term " The Membrane Method, " which from the beginning has been a part of its trade-mark. THE HYDREX FELT & ENGINEERING CO. Manufacturers of Waterproof Felts, Building Papers, Deadening Felt, Roofings, Paints, Asphalts, etc. Specialists in Structural W aterproofing, Insulation and Soundproofing 122 LIBERTY STREET, NEW YORK Chicago FACTORIES: RAH WAY, N. J. Washington We shall also be pleased to send, on request, a copy of our recent pamphlet, " Insulation of Concrete. Especially Below tirade, and Its Protection Against Electrolysis."' viii ARCHITECTURE BONTEMPI To the Architects: During the past three years there has heen perfected a chemical process of scientifically treating Iron and Steel to prevent corrosion. It is based on discoveries of an Italian inventor and is known as the BONTEMPI RUST-PROOFING PROCESS. It consists of subjecting the material to be treated to certain tem- peratures, approximating 800 to 900 degrees F. in an air tight muffle or furnace, the application of superheated steam and the fumes formed by fusing certain chemicals that are the basis of the process. The result is a finish resembling gun metal in color and texture, that resists indefinitely all atmospheric effects under the most trying conditions and prevents electrolysis. The process has been subjected to the most rigorous tests by chemists and engineers of some of the largest concerns in the country with the most satisfac- tory results, as evidenced by numerous letters and statements on file in the offices of this Company. The object of this open letter is to acquaint the profession with the fact that it is now possible and practicable to utilize this wonderful discovery as related to the Iron and Steel work of buildings. A portion of the iron window frames for the Cathedral of St. John the Divine have been treated by us and will never require paint and will never rust. Architectural, ornamental and structural iron work of every description, steel doors, frames, sash and interior trim, rolling shutters, fire-escapes, supporting members of partitions, lighting fixtures and pedestals, register faces, iron or steel h irdware, steam, water and gas pipes and radiators (in the treatment of which the inside is protected as well as the exterior), ^as ranges and accessories, in fact, anything entering into the construction of buildings that is subject to corrosion can be successfully treated so as to receive permanent protection from rust. This is a very strong statement, but it is based on tests and experiments covering a period of over four years. The cost of this process is perhaps the most surprising part of it. It is impos- sible to go into details here, but, as a comparative statement, we can say that it is very much cheaper than galvanizing and infinitely better. Our present plants are located at Bridgeport Ct., and Philadelphia, Pa. Other plants will be established in the near future in various locations and lines of industry and of capacity to meet any demand. Our representative will be pleased to confer with anyone desiring more detailed information. Specifications should mention that the material on which protection from corrosion is desired, shall be treated by the BONTEMPI RUST-PROOFING PROCESS. With assurances of our co-operation at all times, we are, Very respectfullv, BONTEMPI RUST-PROOFING COMPANY, J. F. Blanchard, President. Laboratories and Plant: General Offices: Fuller Building, Bridgeport, Ct. 949 Broadway, New York ARCHITECTURE ix John Peirce Co. Contractors GRAND CENTRAL .TERMINAL New York Warren & Wetmore and Reed & Stem Assoc. Architects MISSISSIPPI "WIRE GLASS" The approved fire retardant upon which the Standard is based. Selected on account of its superior quality Thousands of square feet were installed in the above building. MANUFACTURED BY MISSISSIPPI WIRE GLASS COMPANY CHICAGO NEW YORK ST. LOUIS Specify Mississippi Look for this label The Garry Iron and Steel Company MAM' EM 'Tl * U BH S OF "CLEVELAND" EXPANDED METAL LATH l 'sk I > THROUGHOUT THE NEW GRAND CENTRAL station. NEW YORK, WARREN WETMORE AND REED & STEM, assoc . ARCHITECTS, TIIK HOTEL, Mi Al.l'lN. NSW YORK, r. M. ANDREWS & CO., INC., ARCHITECTS, and MANY OTHER PROMINENT BUILDINGS. CLEVELAND, ( ). 521-533 West %»:;wi> St., NEW YORK WORKS, NIL.ES, <). Back of cornice shown in the upper illustration, showing the keying qualities of the "Cleveland" Expanded Metal Lath. ARCHITECTURE xi Nine Stories Where Eight Were The elimination in fireproof construction of beams and girders means a marked saving in the height of each floor, about 1% feet per floor or the height of a story in every eight. The flat ceiling, besides, gives a straight-away run for piping, shafting and belting. orr- Construction METHOD The CORR-PLATE FLOOR is a "plate" floor and designed as such. We do not calculate it as a combination of beams and then build it as a plate. There is no more difficult problem in engineer- ing than the calculation of the stresses in a flat plate supported on points. It was only after months of laboratory experimentation on rubber plates, followed by numerous tests of actual floors in build- ings, where stresses in the materials were measured direct, that our Research Department was enabled to master the problem. These floors, designed as we design them — reinforced with Corrugated Bars, the world's standard reinforcement — give, we feel safe in saying, the highest type of flat slab construction known to the art today. There are but two Layers of Reinforcement over the Column This is not only an advantage in economy of design, but greatly simplifies and reduces the cost of construction. We have special CORR-CONSTRUCTION methods for other kinds of structures — Corr-Mesh, Corr-Bar, Corr-Bar-Units, Corr-Bar-O, etc. Corrugated Bar Company, 401 Mutual Life Building, Buffalo, N. Y. New York Chicago St. Louis Specifications and methods shown on panes 2W-281 Sweefs index, l r >li xii ARCHITECTURE QUALITY PLUMBING GOODS were used throughout the St. John's Hospital. Mechanically perfect and thoroughly practical equipment is necessary to meet the peculiar problems and re- sponsibilities confronting mod- ern hospital authorities, and we take great pride in the numer- ous "Wolff Quality" hospital equipment, all of which have met fully the requirements for which they were designed. Harnett, Haynes& Harnett Architects ST. JOHN'S HOSPITAL St. Louis. Mo. ESTABLISHED 1855 Thomas S. Sheehan PIdr. Contractor BRANCHES DENVER. . . TRENTON OMAHA . . . MINNEAPOLIS DALLAS. . . ROCHESTER N J NEBR MINN TEXAS N. Y. L. Wolff Manufa cturing Co. PLUMBING GOODS EXCLUSIVELY The Only Complete Line Made By any One Firm GENERAL OFFICES ^LI 1/^ A f~\ SHOWROOMS 601-627 W. LAKE ST. ^t1|t„ALjV>> m N. DEARBORN ST BRANCH OFFICES ST LOUIS. . WASHINGTON CLEVELAND. . . CINCINNATI. . . KANSAS CITY. . SAN F RANCISCO SALT LAKE CITY. New Complete D Catalogue Now Ready to Send You This book is an attractive one showing a splendid line of various Solid Porcelain and Vitreous Plumbing Fixtures. The obsolete types have been eliminated and only modern fixtures are illustrated, making it easier for architect and client to decide on the best fix- ture to use. This catalogue should be in your files, and we await your request if you have not received one. Address us on your letter-head. -O- 'A il D 1604 URINAL Made 18" and 24" wide. An excellent Uiinal to use for Institutions, Schools, and Semi-public Buildings. THE MONUMENT POTTERY COMPANY TRENTON, N. J. Monument Quality Ware. ARCHITECTURE XI 11 P. 8c F. Corbin Division Philadelphia xiv ARCHITECTURE 1 i Neponset! In the building product world that word means WATERPROOF 1 g I in ill I 1 i F. W. Bird & Son. Est. 1 T95, East Walpole. Mass.. New York. Chicago. Washington. San Francisco. Hamilton. Ont. 9 The McAlpin Hotel Plumbing Fixtures were made from China and Porcelain by The Trenton Potteries Company Vitreous China Lavato- ries and Solid Porcelain Bathtubs are installed throughout this new Hotel just completed in New York. The use of all-clay plumbing fixtures were justified from an economic standpoint— giving in durability, long service and appearance just what is needed for any building's financial prosperity. The McAlpin Hotel. New York F. M. Andrews & Co., Inc., Architects With two views of the main toilet rooms for men. We have a Booklet showing the "Bellemeade" style of Lavatories used in the McAlpin. Also an article on the plumbing. You should send for this information. * * * The specification of our ware does not eliminate competition. Our product is open to any Plumbing Supply House at one price. The Trenton Potteries Company TRENTON, NEW JERSEY ARCHITECTURE xv Architects who understand the principle of Square-Pot Furnaces never specify any other kind. The "Square-Pot" means a uni- form and perfect distribution of heat — there is no "dead fire" — no accumulation of clinkers, therefore, perfect combustion — and an abso- lutely comfortable heat distributed evenly and quickly to every room in the house. Information about Square- Pot Furnaces and Boilers will be sent promptly on request. Why not investigate ? Chicago New York Jersey City The Square-Pot Idea — circular at the top, square at the bottom- affording 25'' more grate area and 10 [ < to 25 'r more effective radiating surface than any other furnace of the same diameter of pot. ARCHITECTURE Where BERRY BROTHERS' VARNISHES are specified, uniformly satisfactory results are assured — they do the work expected of them. NEW HOFFMAN HOUSE, NEW YORK. R. L. I)«ua, Architect. Thompaon-Sturrett Co., Buildera. was finished throughout by Hicks & Towers, New York, with BERRY BROTHERS' FINE INTERIOR RUBBING VARNISH and is one of the finest pieces of wood finishing in the United States. Write ui for literature. Correspondence invited. BERRY BROTHERS, Limited Varnish Manufacturers New York. 262 Pearl St B< 52 O 0Ad.„ D cAve. E.,.bli.hedl858 P 26 28^4^5, DETROIT, MICH. Baltimore, Chicago, 25Uke St. Cincinnati, 420 Main Si. St. Louis. II2S. 4th St. San Francisco, 29 S. Hanover St. Canadian Factory, Walkerville 666-666 Howard St. THE CUTLER MAIL CHUTE equipment in the Grand Central Station and the buildings so far under way, or com- pleted, in what is very aptly called "The Terminal City," are as follows: Grand Central Station — Two Model C Chutes and two bronze Mail Boxes, the Chutes serving one seven and one eight stories, and four separate bronze Mail Boxes. Biltmore Hotel — Two Model F Chutes, twenty-six stories each, and two cast bronze Mail Boxes. Mercantile Building — Sixteen stories, Model F and one 1165 electro-bronze Mail Box. Architects and others interested can obtain full information, preliminary draw- ings and estimates, as well as expert assist- ance in meeting any special difficulties in complying with the somewhat stringent Post Office Regulations, by addressing the sole makers. CUTLER MAIL CHUTE COMPANY Rochester, N. Y. CUTLER BUILDING VMM IKLD E. HINM) \l I Prrsidrnl III KM \S VI I V I l< Virr-Prca. and I r« «» The Hinsdale-Meyer Company — Successors to The New York business of Federal - Huber Company Manufacturers of Fine Plumbing Fixtures All the Plumbing Fixtures through- out the HOTEL McALPIN, including the Turkish Bath and all Bath Room accessories, furnished by us. . . . Office and Display Rooms : 33 West 44th St., - New York Warehouse and Factory, 410 11th Ave., New York ARCIIITKtTLKK XVI 1 Warmed by UNITED jSTATESBOILERS AND HADIATOnS yi P L E T E |lNE of United States Boilers, Radiators and Heating Specialties offers an unrivaled range of selection for the heating requirements of buildings of every size. For best heating results specify a United States Boiler and United States Radiators. Write for copy of The Complete Line Catalogue. UnTtED jStA TES JfAD/A TOR (ORPORA T/OJV GENERAL OFFICE : DETROIT, MICH. Branches NEW YORK 3-5-7 West 29th St. BOSTON 234-236 Congress St. PHILADELPHIA . . . . 122 North 13th St. PITTSBURGH 1106 Arrott Bldg. KANSAS CITY 532 Rialto Bldg. CHICAGO 9 Jackson Blvd. DETROIT 139 Jefferson Ave. BUFFALO Fidelity Trust Bldg. CLEVELAND 9th and Euclid Sts. MINNEAPOLIS ... 901 Washington Ave. ST. LOUIS 14th and Pine Sts. OMAHA 518 Howard St. DENVER 1940-46 Blake St. XV111 ARCHITECTURE "SMITH QUALITY" Boilers Radiators MANUFACTURED BY INTERIOR No 34 MILLS WATER TUBE BOILER The H. B. Smith Co. WESTFIELD. MASS. " Pure Food Town " 1226 ARCH ST., PHILADELPHIA 39 E. HOUSTON ST., NEW YORK 1 38 WASHINGTON STREET, NO., BOSTON Pacific Coast Representative* : HOLBROOK. MERRILL * STETSON. Oakland, Loa Angeles and San Franciaco, Cal Central- Western Representativea : CONTINENTAL RADIATOR AND FOUNDRY CO.. I4M14M Olive Street. St. Loula. Mo. European Representatives: AUGUST EGGERS. Bremen and New York What We Do To Save Burnham Set-Up Troubles WHAT can be more exasperating to you or annoying to your customer than to get a boiler all set up anil connections made and when you tire it up a leaky section develops. Nine cases out of ten the reason is a sand hole which could easily have been discovered by the maker if the boiler had been properly tested. We first test every section of every boiler to a high hydraulic pressure. Before shipment, the complete boiler, entirely set up, is again given the same pressure test. We take care of set-up troubles at our foundry instead of your having to on the job Send for catalog. Lord <5fc Burnham Co. Irvington, IN. Y. Troy, N. Y. — Aird-Don Co, Minneapolis — Roberts-Hamilton Co. Boston— S19 Tremont Bids. Philadelphia — Hayncs-Tbomson Co. Providence — Allen A Reed, Inc. Johnttown. Pa. — Union Radiator Co. Chicago — Davies Supply Co. Fort Dodge. Iowa — Leighton Supply Co. Lawless Thermostatic Regulator for Hot Water Tanks KEEPS THE WATER AT ANY DESIRED TEMPERATURE. REQUIRES NO AUX- ILIARY POWER TO OPERATE IT. HAS NO PARTS TO WEAR OR GET OUT OF ORDER DURING A LIFETIME. IN A CLASS BY ITSELF. HUNDREDS IN USE UNDER EVERY CONDITION. Manufactured in the United States by THE LA WLER REGULA TOR CO. 473 W. BROADWAY ■ NEW YORK CITY ARCHITECTURE x i x J-M Built-Up Asbestos Roofing An Imperishable Mineral Roofing This roofing is built up on the roof of Asbestos Felts (made of long-fibre Asbestos— an all-mineral product) cemented together and coated with Trinidad Lake Asphalt — Nature's indestructible waterproofing. It needs no mineral surface to protect it from the destructive influence of the sun's rays. Asbestos felts are mineral and will not rot or decay like organic felts. The Asphalt saturant and coating is positively staple. It will not lose one per cent, of its essential oils when subjected to 325 degrees F. for seven hours, therefore it does not become brittle or lose its waterproof- ing qualities as do other saturants and cements. How many built-up roofs have you seen become brittle in a very few years after application ? The smooth-coated surface of J-M Built-Up Asbestos Roofing makes easy inspection of leaks which may be caused by damage. Our finished roofing weighs only 125 pounds per 100 square feet, or less than one-third as much as the ordinary built-up roofing. _ _ _ ' ..... . , $1,000,000.00 Power Plant of Metropolitan J-M Built-Up Asbestos Roofing is applied only by our own workmen. We Electric Co., Reading, Pa. Covered with assume all responsibility and stand back of it in every respect. This gives positive c r M te Built i^,itnberg OS B R ros fine ° Ver C ° n " protection, impossible to secure where the responsibility is divided between the pro- Reading, Pa. ducer of the material and the roofer, who may be financially irresponsible. WRITE OUR NEAREST BRANCH FOR BOOKLET. H. W. JOHNS-MANVILLE CO. AS&ESTOS- Manufacturers of Asbestos and Magnesia Products Albany Chicago Detroit Louisville Baltimore Cincinnati Indianapolis Milwaukee Boston Cleveland Kansas City Minneapolis Buffalo Dallas Los Angeles New Orleans For Canada-THE CANADIAN H. W. JOH NS-M A N VILLE CO., LIMITED Toronto Montreal Winnipeg Vancouver 1523 Asbestos Roofings, Packings, Electrical Supplies, Etc. New York San Francisco Omaha Seattle Philadelphia St. Louis Pittsburgh Syracuse Richardson Boilers END FEED SERIES ROUND SERIES SIDE FEED SERIES Capacities— Steam, 250 to 9,000 Feet Water, 400 to 14,850 Feet GUARANTEED RATINGS Richardson & Boynton Co. MANUFACTURERS 31 West 31st Street, New York Boston Philadelphia Chicago Two Boilers in one in the " D" Series of the May be used singly, or by simply closing two cut-off valves either half may be used without the other, thus economically conforming with changing temperature Side Feed Triple Fire Travel Short Grate High Base Thorough Combustion Great Heating Service Perfect Circulation Investigate For Residences, Apartments, Churches, Schools, etc. Send for Catalogue .' .* .' .' Small Sizes for Small Buildings 134 W. lake St. Cblcapo 'THATCHER" M. FURNACE COMPANY IV 110-iic Beekman St. N»w Y*rk XX ARCHITECTURE Look for the name YALE on Locks and Hardware THK Yale Locks and Builders' Hardware throughout theVanderbilt Hotel show that character, beauty and refinement of detail in hardware may always be linked with the highest possible mechanical excellence in locks — if the architect specifies Yale. Have you seen our entertaining little hook, "The Ghost and the Burglar?" It is reallv worth sending for. The Yale &> Towne Mfg. Co. Makers of YALE Products Local Offices: Chicago: 74 East Randolph Street Exhibit Rooms: 251 Fifth Avenue, New York San Francisco: 134 Rialto Building Gejieral Offices: 9 Murray Street, New York Canadian Yale fe? Towne Limited, St. Catharines, Ont. 3-:i ARCHITECTURE 45 ARCHITECTVRE Vol. XXVII. MARCH 15, 1913. No. 3 ARCHITECTURE, conducted by a Board of Architects in the interests of the pro- fession, is published the fifteenth of every month by FORBES & COMPANY, LTD., (A. H. Forbes, Prest.t, 527 Fifth Avenue, New York. PRICE, mailed flat to any address in the United States, Mexico or Cuba, $5.00 per annum, in advance; to Canada, $6.00 per annum; to any foreign address, $7.00 per annum. ADVERTISING RATES upon request. The writing and displaying of advertise- ments is an art in it*elf, and the publishers will be pleased to give the Advertiser the benefit of an Expert's experience in this line at no additional expense. ENTERED at the New York Post Office as second-class mail matter. PLATES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. Grand Cen trai. Terminal, New York. The " Terminal City," showing work when completed, - Plate XX Facade, Forty-Second Street, ------ Plate XXI Facade, Vanderbilt Avenue, Plate XXII Pavilion Plate XXIII Facade. Depew Place, ------- Plate XXIV Detail. Concourse, - - Plate XXV Ceiling over Concourse, and Detail, ... Plate XXVI Lunch Room and Restaurant, ----- Plate XXVII Gallery in Concourse and Ramp to Lower Level, - - Plate XXVIII Main Waiting Room and Detail of Concourse, - - Plate XXIX Warren o Wetmore iimi Reed & Stem, Assoc. Architects. RlTZ-CARLTON HOTEL, Montreal. Exterior, ---------- - Page 46 Plans, 48 Palm Court, - - 50 Restaurant and Entrance Foyer, ..-----52 Warren & Wetmore, Architects. Competition Drawings. LOOMIS INSTITUTE, Windsor, Conn. Successful Design and Plans, ----- 54, 55, 56, 57 Murphy & Dana, Architects. Competitive Design and Plans, ----- 58, 59, 60, 61 Chas. C. Haight Sf Githens, Architects. Competitive Design and Plans, ------ 62, 63, 61 Dtii'is vif Brooks, Architects. " Archi iecture" Series of Measured Details, No. 9. Copyright, 1913, by FORBES & COMPANY, LTD., 527 Fifth Ave., New York AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS PRESIDENT, Walter Cook, New York. FIRST VICE-PRESIDENT, R. CLIPSTON STURGIS, Boston. SECOND VICE PRESIDENT, Frank C Baldwin. Washington, D. C. SECRETARY AND TREASURER. Glenn Brown, Washington, D. C. BOARD OF DIRECTORS. FOR ONE YEAR— A. F. Rosenheim, Los Angeles, Cal., Thomas R. Kimball, Omaha, Neb., Milton B. Medary, Jr., Philadelphia, Pa. FOR TWO YEARS— Irving K. Pond, Chicago, III., John M. Donaldson, Detroit, Mich., Edward A. Crane, Philadelphia, Pa. For THREE YEARS— Burt L. Fenner, New York, C. Grant La Farge, New York, H. Van Buren Magonigle, New York. EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. Walter Cook, New York. Glenn Brown, Washington D. C. R. Clipston Sturgis. Boston, Mass. Irving K. Pond, Chicago, III. Milton B. Medary, Jr., Philadelphia, Pa. CHAPTERS. ATLANTA CHAPTER, 1906. — President, John R. Dillon, Atlanta, Ga. Secre- tary, Eugene C. Wachendorrf, Atlanta, Ga. BALTIMORE CHAPTER, 1870. — President, J. B Noel Wyatt, Baltimore, Md. Secretary, Thos. C. Kennedy, Baltimore, Md. BOSTON CHAPTER, 1870. — President, R. Clipston Sturgis, Boston, Mass. Secretary, Chas. N. Cogswell, Boston, Mass. BROOKLYN CHAPTER, 1894 — President, Woodruff Leeming, New York. Secretary, Dudley McGrath, New York. BUFFALO CHAPTER, 1890. — President, Edward B. Green, Buffalo, N. Y. Secretary, Ellicott R. Colson, Buffalo, N. Y. CENTRAL NEW YORK CHAPTER, 1887 (formerly Western New York Chapter).— President, Albert L. Brockway, Syracuse, N. Y. Secretary, Prof. F. W. Revels, Syracuse, N. Y. CINCINNATI CHAPTER, 1870. — President, A. O. Elzner, Cincinnati, Ohio. Secretary, John Zettel. Cincinnati, Ohio. CLEVELAND CHAPTER, 1890. — President, F. S. Barnum, Cleveland, Ohio. Secretary, G. B. Bohm, Cleveland, Ohio. COLORADO CHAPTER, 1892. — President. Maurice B. Biscoe, Denver, Col. Secretary, Arthur A. Fisher, Denver, Col. CONNECTICUT CHAPTER, 1902 — President, William E. Hunt, Watcrbury, Conn. Secretary-Treasurer, Louis A. Walsh, Watcrbury, Conn. Dayton CHAPTER, 1889. — President, Robert E. Dexter, Dayton, Ohio. Secretary, H. J Williams, Dayton, Ohio. ILLINOIS CHAPTER, 1869. — President, Elmer C. Jenson, Chicago, III. Secre- tary, H. Webster Tomlinson, Chicago, 111. INDIANA CHAPTER, 1910 (formerly Indianapolis Chapter, 1887). — President, Rolland Adelsperger, South Bend, Ind. Secretary, Herbert Foltz, Indianapolis, Ind. Iowa CHAPTER, 1903. — President, Frank E. Wetherell, Des Moines, Iowa. Secretary-Treasurer, Eugene H. Taylor, Cedar Rapids, Iowa. KANSAS CITY CHAPTER, 1890. — President, Benj. J. Lubschez, Kansas City, Mo. Seeretary, Charles H. Payson, Kansas City, Mo. LOUISIANA CHAPTER, 1910. — President, Chas. A. Favrot, New Orleans, La. Secretary, M. H. Goldstein, New Orleans, La. Louisville CHAPTER. 1908.— President, J. C. Murphy, Louisville, Ky. Secretary, Val. P. Collins, Louisville, Ky. MICHIGAN CHAPTER, 1887.— President, John Scott, Detroit, Mich. Secretary, Marcus R. Burrowes, Detroit, Mich. MINNESOTA CHAPTER, 1892. — President, Wm. Channing Whitney, Minneapo- lis, Minn. Secretary, Edwin H. Brown, Minneapolis. Minn. NEW JERSEY CHAPTER, 1900. — President. Hugh Roberts, Jersey City, N.J. Secretary, Chas. P. Baldwin, Newark, N. J. NEW York CHAPTER, 867. — President, Robt. D. Kohn, New York. Sec- retary, F.gcrton Swartwout, New York. PHILADELPHIA CHAPTER, 1869. — President, John Hall Rankin, Philadelphia, Pa. Secretary, Horace Wells Sellers, Philadelphia, Pa. PITTSBURGH CHAPTER, 1891 (formerly W. Pa. Chapter). — President, O. M. Topp, Pittsburgh, Pa. Secretary, Rich*d Hooker, Pittsburgh, Pa. Rhode ISLAND CHAPTER, 1870. — President, Norman M. Isham, Providence, R. [. Secretary, John H Cady, Providence, R. I. SAN FRANCISCO CHAPTER. 1881.— President, Geo. B. McDougall, San Fran- cisco, Cal. Secretary, Sylvain Schnaittacher, San Francisco, Cal. Southern California Chapter, 1894.— President, John C Austin, Los Angeles. Cal. Secretary, Fernand Parmentier, Los Angeles, Cal. Southern Pennsylvania Chapter, 1909.— President, J. A. Dempwolf, York, Pa. Secretary, Miller I. Kast, Harrisburg, Pa. St. LOUIS CHAPTER, 1890. — President, E. C. Klipstein, St. Louis, Mo. Sec- retary, Wm. H Gruen, St. Louis, Mo. WASHINGTON, D. C. CHAPTER, 1887.— President, T. J. D. Fuller, Washing- ton, D. C. Secretary, Ward Brown, Washington, D. C. Washington State Chapter, 1894.— President, W. R. B. Wilcox, Seattle, Wash. Secretary, Charles H. Alden, Seattle, Wash. WORCESTER CHAPTER, 1892. — President, Stephen C. Earle, Worcester, Mass. Secretary, C. Leslie Chamberlain, Worcester, Mass. STATE ASSOCIATIONS. Pennsylvania State Association, 1909.— President, Edward Stotz, Pitts- burgh. Secretary, Richard Hooker, Pittsburgh. GRAND CENTRAL TERMINAL. THE new Grand Central Terminal (Plates XX- XXIX), covering an area of thirty blocks, is three times larger than any other terminal. It is probably the largest, and promises to be the most successful combination of the esthetic and practical in city building yet planned in America. Where other idealistic group plans have failed or remained incomplete because dependent upon appropria- tions by the city, this one will succeed because of its earn- ing power. The property over the railroad yards, when leased, will turn in a revenue that will help to make good for, and pay interest on, the large amount of capital involved in the terminal and correlated improvements. Dominating the group is the main terminal building. In designing this building the architects had in mind an express- ion of the old terminal idea, which is a gateway to a city; hence the central part of the facade is in the form of a triumphal arch of monumental proportions surmounted by a statuary group representing Progress, Mental and Physical Force. The style has something of the Doric motive, modified by the French Renaissance, with only enough ( Continued page 4" ) 4 6 ARCHITECTURE RITZ-C A R LTON HOTEL. MONTREAL. Warren & Wctmore, Architects. ARCHITECTURE 47 ( Continued from page 45 ) ornamentation to relieve the severity of the classic lines. All of the sculpture is after the design of Silvain Falieres. The majestic loveliness of the exterior of this stupend- ous railway station, which will cost $180,000,000, and the harmonious beauty of its lofty waiting rooms, its concourses and of every part of it are obvious. Perfection, however, is the sum of many little things. Comparatively few persons, outside of those actively concerned, have even the remotest idea of the vast amount of thought, study, skill and experi- ence that has been lavished on every detail solely to make this an ideal place for the individual traveler. The outbound concourse is the principal feature of the main building. It is a magnificent room. Only when standing under its vaulted ceiling can its impressive propor- tions be appreciated. This ceiling is painted to represent the dome of the sky with stars, constellations and signs of Zodiac plainly shown. It was designed by Whitney War- ren, Paul H el leu and Charles Basing. It is lighted by six enormous dome-shaped windows, three at the cast, and three at the west end. On the concourse are the facilities usually found in the waiting-room of a railroad station, i. e., ticket office, baggage- checking booth, parcel rooms, information bureau, etc. They are arranged so that the movement of the traveler is a pro- gressive one. the ticket window coming first, the Pullman window next, then the baggage-checking office, and so on. No steps will have to be retraced. From the concourse passengers proceed to the train room, which is reached by broad ramps of easy grade, the difference in level being only three feet. Underneath the main concourse is the suburban concourse, which is of about the same dimensions, excepting as to the height of ceiling. The waiting-rooms are unique in station construction in that they are designed to serve as rooms where travelers may wait in comfort and quiet for the departure of trains or arrival of friends. These rooms are so located that it is unnecessary to pass through them in going from, or to trains, and they are thus free from the hurrying crowds. Adjoining the waiting-rooms are the men's and women's rooms, barber shop, lavatories, toilets and dressing-rooms. These last named are a great convenience, providing, as they do, facilities for changing one's apparel and removing the stains of travel. Adjoining the concourse on the suburban level is the restaurant, a room artistically treated with a series of Guastavino arches, which takes its place as the peer of any restaurant in the best appointed hotels. Scores of the greatest experts among practical railroad men, engineers and architects, together with the skill and experience of the John Peirce Co., contractors, have been at work for the last ten years solving the problem of getting the vast army of people to and fro through this city gate without crowding or confusion. One of the features is the overhead street, easily iden- tified in the illustration. It is by this street that Park Avenue, which is carried over Forty-Second Street on a viaduct and passes around the station to Forty-fifth Street, is made a continuous north and south thoroughfare, thus opening a new avenue to traffic. THE LOOMIS INSTITUTE COMPETITION. TUT recently decided competition of the Loomis Insti- tute has opened up a rather curious question in regard to the conduct of such competitions. The program, of the usual type, was drawn by Professor Laird and contained a provision not at all uncommon in such programs to the effect that the professional adviser would make his report, placing the designs in relative order of merit, and that the committee with his advice would then make the award. The exact language of this was as follows: "AWARDS. 'The trustees reserve authority to select the design to be premiated. Hut in recognition of the fact that, in competition, a determination of relative merits must rest solely upon technical grounds, the trustees expect to be guided by their professional adviser in making choice of the premiated design. The\ will therefore give careful consideration to the report of the adviser, making examination of the designs with his assistance, and w ill then proceed to the selection of the architect by designating them as 'premiated' that design which they regard as the best. * * * In their study of the designs the trustees will call into consultation. Professor N. H. Hatchelder, Head Master of the Institute, and Mr. Tmerson G. Taylor, Secretary to the Hoard, who have acted as consultants in formu- lating the conditions of the problem." The terms as above set forth are generally construed by the competing architects to mean that the decision of the professional adviser will govern the selection by the jury, and while programs containing the provision above set forth have always in the past received the approval of the Ameri- can Institute of Architects or of its chapters, the Loomis Institute competition was not thus decided. In fact the authors of the design which was originally placed by the professional adviser "fourth" were chosen by the Hoard of 'Trustees as the architects for the building. In other words, the use of the professional adviser in this case was merelj in the preparation of the program, and in the decision as to whether the mandatory requirements had been carried out. We have no desire in this article to condemn the con- duct of the competition, either by the trustees or by the professional adviser or by the architects in the competition, nor do the architects placed first by the professional adviser feel that they were unfairly dealt with either by the win- ning architects or the trustees; nor was this case called to the attention of Architecture by them. The sole point at issue is as to w hether architects should compete in com- petitions where the choice of either the professional adviser or of a jury of architects is liable to be overturned by one, or a committee, of laymen. In this particular competition the reasons for the reversal of the professional adviser's judgment were, as we understand them, two: The first was that the trustees con- sidered the Colonial style more appropriate to a group of school buildings in Connecticut, than any other, and Messrs. Haight and Githcns, who were placed first by the pro- fessional adviser, presented a Gothic scheme, while Messrs. Murphy and Dana presented a Colonial scheme. The above consideration should not have ruled since a letter of inquiry, previous to the submission of drawings, to the adviser elicited the reply that the Board of Trustees hail no preference as to style. They evidently changed their minds, as committees are apt to do, upon seeing the drawings. 'The second reason for the choice of Messrs. Murphy and Dana was that the Principal of the school considered the plan submitted by Murphy and Dana better adapted to the needs of the school than that submitted by Haight and ( Continued page 40 ' 48 ARCHITECTURE AkCIHTKCTrRK 49 ( Continued from page ) Githcns. Here arises the question as to whether a layman is a better judge of plan than a professional adviser who must be assumed to have fully acquainted himself with the conditions desired and, in the sections quoted above, the board acknowledges definitely that the professional adviser should be the judge. We feel and believe that it is highly undesirable to have untrained opinion overthrow trained, and we believe that wherever possible, competitions should be decided by either a jury of architects or the professional adviser finally ami absolutely. Another program which contains a provision which seems to us unfortunate is that of the new New York County Court House in which it is provided that the architect win- ning the competition need not be accepted by the Court House Hoard, but may instead be paid $10,000 in full discharge of its obligations to him. This provision opens the way to the discharge of the successful competitor, and the employment by the board of any incompetent politician it may choose, and while we cannot question the motives of the Board of Trustees of the Eoomis Institute, whatever we may think of their judgment, it seems extremely unfortunate that the acceptance of the w inning architects in both these competi- tions should not be mandatory upon the respective boards. THE MIDDLE AGES IN THE QUART I ER. The Middle Ages is my theme, When we lived in the Quartier, The Hal des Quat'z Arts still a dream. No one as yet a diplome, The guardien still pcre Harbier, Ah happy days across the sea, When sometimes one stopped work for play The golden days of ninety three. One still heard rumors every day. That empire's torch again was lit, By ce brav general Boulanger, And Trilby had not yet been writ, Anthony Comstock Beranger, Riots and raids, a has Dupuy, Such times ne'er saw Dumaurier, Those golden days of ninety three. The old Mont Blanc has passed away. I've sought in vain, time and again, Where we had many a midnight fray. At soixantc trois, la rue de Seine, But twenty years have passed, a peine, Since Madame Boulet held her sway, Hornbostel roi there — who w as reine In golden days of ninety three? There Gordie Pike amassed his fat, And there, chez lui, Cafe des Arts, One still found Casey at the bat, Adonis like, breaker of hearts, Stoughton, a connoisseur de tartes, And Robert Kohn. espece de — Gee, But there were men of brilliant parts. In golden days of ninety three. The ancients, as old Horace sings, And to his learning I must bow. For wisdom drained Pierian Springs, But Richy Walker, God knows how, Drew all his knowledge from a cow, While Charley Morris, blvthe anil free. Wrinkled in vain his Jove like brow In golden days of ninety three. Have you not heard a French tongue tell. Of those whose names we heard so oft ? Weggellerickt, 'Ovarr, 'Ovell, Myst'rics at first, in accents soft. They'd have done better if they'd coughed, They could pronounce them easily If we could only learn to spell. In golden days of ninety three. The Warrens both, jeune and aine, Who. though they differed, never fought. Silent de Gersdofif went his way, Denby, who somehow learned untaught, Flat Philadelphia's accent short. And Savyer, like a green bay tree. Alas! we draw far from the port, Of golden days in ninety three. Others have gone, others still go, To meet Mace de l'Epine, If he still rules, — 'tis long ago Since Tallant showed the old man gray How mathematics might be play. Some day again may our lot be To feel once more the joyful glow , The golden days of ninety three. L'envoi. Vet though the nights sometimes seemed short, Fake it from me. oui, moi, Traci, Those were the good old days of sport, The golden days of ninety three. THE FUTILITY OF SEARCH FOR AN ARCH 1 FECTURAL ESPERANTO. EV ARTS TRACY. A'l brief intervals some European architect, or one who believes himself to embody all culture, upon com- pleting his little journey through the United States, gives vent to his disappointment that we have not an entirely new and individual architecture; something absolutely different from the old world. He is shocked to find that we use col- umns here, that we have cornices, and that there should be any reminiscence of the past. And the European is not the only one; we hear voices crying in the wilderness, and see letters in the newspapers, and their burden is always, "(jive us something entirely different, away with the old." Now w e have begun to develop a National Architecture and shall develop one, but no style in any art ever sprang forth at the will of an individual, like Minerva full formed from the head of Jove. Architecture is distinctly analogous to language, and architectural style to literary style. So we have the style of the country, the period, and the individual. * Continue J pa%e f/ 1 ARC! I IT Kt 'TURK ( Continued from page j(} I I have often been asked by a layman, it I do not admire a certain building, and it not, why not. Now I have felt on such occasions that the best answer I could make was that it was ungrammatical. There are some buildings which we cannot parse. And I see often many buildings, which I might call entirely faultless in their grammar, but with no style; the commonplace expression of a correct, com- monplace mind. These stand out in distinct contrast to the work of the stylists, be they the calm dignified expression of their monumental character, or the refined and playful humour which buildings dedicated to the lighter side of life should possess. These seekers after what they call the orig- inal in architecture demand that we shall abandon all of our alphabet, our vocabulary, our grammar, and our syntax. They demand that we shall give up all the knowledge that the human race has painfully and slowly garnered through thousands of years. They ask that we shall start where the first builders did. The first architects worthy of the name put up their buildings, and developed the different members of their construction after an intelligent observation of the force of gravitation. By experiment, failure, and success, they found the dimensions of different materials, placed in different positions, which would withstand this mysterious force. And we found, centuries later, when the theory of stresses was developed, that the laws of beauty and the laws of strength were the same. Shall we give up all this knowl- edge? Man the race is greater than man the individual, and we are surely safe in our assumption that what man, tor the entire historic period has dung to, is true. The sporadic little styles which have arisen for a few years, a century or two perhaps, and then passed into oblivion, accent the fact that the true remains and always will remain. At not infre- quent intervals, however, it is announced that some one has invented an entirely new and original style, but when we analyze it we invariably find that the author, delving in the kitchen middens of past ages, comes on a fragment still bearing traces of some forgotten decoration, and elab- orating it, casts it forth on the earth as a new style and forsooth his own. He has invented it. literally translated, come upon it. We shall go forward, using as best we can the best that the ages have found out for us, and what the ultcs have found to be best is best. We shall develop a national style because it is inevitable, and we shall do it with full memory of the past. "No man can quite emancipate himself from his age and country, or produce a model in which the education, the religion, the politics, usages, and arts of his times shall have no share. Though he were never so original, never so willful and fantastic, he cannot wipe out of his work every trace of the thoughts amidst which it grew. The very avoidance betrays the usages he avoids. Above his will, and out of his sight, he is neces- sitated, by the air he breathes, and the idea on w hich he and his contemporaries live and toil, to share the manner of his times, without knowing what that manner is." ARCHITECTURAL EDUCATION FROM THE AMERICAN STANDPOINT. LLOYD W ARREN. HOW interesting it would be could we follow the phases of architectural training through the Middle Ages! How inspiring it would be to us, who seek to per- fect this training at the present day, if we knew the influences which raised the art from the crude barrel-vault and block capital of the early Romanesque to the tenuous stone con- struction and the florid carv ing of Troves and Notre Dame de Hrou! Nothing, however, is left to give us a hint as to how the science of the builders was transmitted from generation to generation in those days. The mediaeval master-builder has passed away and has taken his secret with him; scarcely a document has remained, and nothing to inform us of his educational system. The builders before the Renaissance were a vast secret association, living and working apart from the rest of the world, migrating in companies when one cathedral was finished to the site of another which was begin- ning, guarding their secrets jealously, mystic and tenebrous as was the age wherein they lived, and w ith that age they melted away before the brilliant rays of the Reformation and the Renaissance. Then came the age of the despots, the literati, and the precious; the pagan worship of the purely beautiful, which thrust aside the expression of construction as a thing inele- gant and barbarous, and summoned the artist of pure form to build its temple. .V.neas Sv Iv ius and Filippo Strozzi thus called for the services of the sculptors Rossellino and Bene- detto da Majano, and for nearly a century after only sculptors and painters occupy themselves with the design of monu- mental edifices. Then Pal lad io and Serlio codify the science of building design in such a way as to put its technique within reach even of the inartistic constructor; unfold, as it were by machinery, the secrets of the artist's magic of form and proportion, and create that phase of architectural educa- tion which, with little change, has come down to the present day. Thus we may describe these phases from the time of the downfall of Rome — traditional through the Middle Ages; purely artistic through the Renaissance; and codified or systematised thereafter. That this last phase still exists throughout Europe I believe, but in America a new one is being rapidly devel- oped which we cannot but recognize; it is that of intensive specialization. The elements which now enter into the pro- fession of architecture are so vastly complex that it is vir- tually impossible for one man to master them all. Think of them for a moment. Is it only necessary that one be a man of general culture, a man of affairs and a gentleman, for the public to hasten automatically to one's office? If we would not have important work slip through our fingers we must be so eminently men of affairs that affairs must occupy the larger part of our time to the neglect of many other things, and those chiefly artistic. I think you will not cavil if some one insists that we must also be scientific, and you know how absorbing is the science of modern construction. 'Then what place in all this is left for art? Shall architec- tural design never be anything but Palladian colonnades? Shall decoration and ornament be ever at the mercy of some clay-puddler in a modeller's shop? In short, what part is art playing in our profession? I- it merely one (if those confounded things after another of which it is said the life of to-day is composed? Is it for ever to consist of different copies of the splendid motives which Letarouilly has put within our reach, or in touched- up reproductions of the rather mediocre designs of modern European publications? Do you suppose that this great land of ours which has produced eminent statesmen, writers, ( Continued page ^7 ' RESTAURANT AND ENTRANCE FOYER, RITZ-CARLTON HOTEL, MONTREAL Warren & Wetmore, Architects. March, 1913. ARCHITECTURE Plate XXI. FACADE, FORTY-SECOND ST., GRAND CENTRAL TERMINAL, NEW YORK. WARREN & WETMORE AND REED & STEM, ASSOC. ARCHITECTS. March, 1913. ARCHITECTURE Plate XXII. FACADE. VANDERB1LT AVE.. GRAND CENTRAL TERMINAL, NEW YORK. WARREN & WETMORE AND REED & STEM, ASSOC. ARCHITECTS. March, 1913. ARCHITECTURE Plate XXIII. March, 1913 \RC\ 1 [TECTURE Plate XXIV. FACADE, DEPEW PLACE, GRAND CENTRAL TERMINAL, NEW YORK. WARREN k WETMORE AND REED it STEM, ASSOC. ARCHITECTS March, 1914. ARCIUTFXTrRK I'l.ATE XXV. DETAIL, CONCOURSE, GRAND CENTRAL TERMINAL, NEW YORK WARREN 4 WETMORE AND REED 4 STEM, ASSOC. ARCHITECTS March, 1913. ARC "I I ITKCTURF. Plati XXVI 4 JL m± A i** ^^^^^^ Copyright. I»15. Tcbb»-H»m»nf. ltd. CEILING OVER CONCOURSE AND DETAIL. GRAND CENTRAL TERMINAL, NEW YORK.. DESIGNED BY WHITNEY WARREN WITH PAUL HELLEU AND CHAS. BASING. March, 1913 ARCH ITKCTCRE Platb XXVII. l.UNCH ROOM AND R ESTA 1" R A NT, GRAND CENTRA I. ThRMINAI., N K\V VORk WARREN & WETMORE AND REED & STEM, ASSOC. ARCHITECTS. Copyright, 1913. Tebtn.-Hymjns, Ltd. ARUlITKCTl'kK ( Continue J from page 5 1 ) orators, and soldiers, cannot also bring forth its Albcrtis and its Sansovinos? Ami if they conic along, what arc we going to do with them? — give them their pay by the week, ami, as Mr. Cram has said, "force them to sketch themselves into a grave of watery deliquescence"? What part shall the artist play? Shall it be a chief and honourable part, or shall it be that of the salaried, and therefore not Indepen- dent, draughtsman? There can be but one answer to this: the place of the artist in the practice of architecture should he second to no other, and to this artist should be opened an education which will enable him to assume that place. Our architectural schools up to the present have refused to accept this phase of intensive specialization. Twenty years ago they differentiated themselves very little from the schools of civil engineering] to-daj thej will decline not to differentiate the scientific from the artistic in the profes- sion itself, and though in the scientific branch the instruc- tion is excellent, in the artistic it still leaves much to be desired, and students are not encouraged to choose one or the other on which to concentrate. The realization that we had unavoidably passed into this edueatiot al phase of intensive specialization came to me only very recently. It had been mj fond notion that all draughtsmen hail the ambition to become all-round archi- tects, and ten years ago I had urged Columbia University to open a night-school w ith that end in view . Being unable to pass this measure through at that time, it was with great interest that I saw Columbia last year, at the instigation of our Commission on Education, establish extension courses, which, taken in conjunction with the problems in design of the Society of Beaux-Arts Architects, would give a com- plete course in architecture. Imagine my surprise, then, when I found that, though the extension courses were well filled, only two of this Society's students were enrolled in them. All these boys were studying to specialize, each one in some one branch of architectural practice. And, after all, is not this quite right? Do we not need in our offices men highly trained in each of the widely differentiated branches — the sanitary and ventilating experts, each up-to-date with the ever-improving apparatus; the w riter of specifications, keenly alive to every new device for good and economical construction ; the landscape gardener w ith a minute knowledge of plants and trees to protect the client from the florists' extravagances? All this we are producing, but what is horrible is that we are rapidly producing, too, an artisan designer who in knowledge of plan and of composition excels the architect, his employer! Just stop a moment to realize what this means: the architect, that is, the man of culture, of affairs, and the gentleman, is ceasing to be the artistic inspiration of the work signed by his name, and soon the architect's office will be the mill, run by a business man, where art occupies a nameless and salaried position. The result of such a condition may have the quality of opportunism; but surely, where the artist is not in authority, his work can never rise to genius. We cannot manufacture geniuses, but we can give them an opportunity to develop. We cannot develop the genius simply by the T square and triangle; his every a-sthetic instinct must be aroused and given play. Rosellino and Benedetto did not produce the marvels in Pienza and Florence because they had technique in architectural draw- ing, but because they were artists, primarily sculptors, and who knows whether they were cither gentlemen or men of affairs? The technique of architectural drawing is all vcrv well, the principles of planning and the composition of facade are essential ; but what is of overwhelmingly impor- tance is to offer to the genius who may arise the possibil- ities of developing himself by practice in the three allied arts. Our universities must admit plastic art in their cur- ricula; they must realize that the artistic side of our profes- sion can onlv be developed in an art school ; or America to the end of time w ill unfeelingly, and w ithout understanding, reproduce Palladia!] colonnades and eighteenth-century orna- ment ad nauseam. I NF. NEW YORK SKYSCRAPER. A FRENCH engineer, a visiting member of the recent International Congress of Engineers, viewing New York from the fifty-fifth floor of the Woolworth Building, 8()5 feet above the rock foundation, said, "To the Seven Wonders of the World you Yankees w ill soon add an eighth, the 1,000 foot building!" Ami a Yankee engineer said. "We surely can, no doubt we shall. Curiously enough the Seven Wonders of the ancients were all works of engineering. 1. The walls and gardens of Babylon. 2. The Pharos and harbor works of Alexandria. The pyramids of Egypt. 4. The temple and statue of Zeus at Athens. 5. The Colossus of Rhodes. 0. The mausoleum of Halicarnassus. 7. The Temple of Artemis at Ephesus. The first two are now but a clay mound, a rocky reef and a memory. Only the third still compels the admiration of the world. Of the seventy-five Egyptian pyramids the tallest, that of Cheops, measures but 450 feet, about one- half of the height from which the French engineer looked dow n not on "forty centuries" but two centuries of civiliza- tion. Two hundred years ago the lower end of Manhattan Island presented to the view a few hundred huts, barns and cottages on a shady, marshy ridge of rock, the tallest struc- ture not over fifty feet high. At the present time the annual expenditure for engi- neering work in and about New York is equal to that of all the rest of the world combined. The most striking ev idence of this wealth and volume of engineering industry is the skyscraper, looming up higher and ever higher. During the single year 1911 fourteen skyscrapers of sixteen stories or higher were projected at an average cost of $1,500,000. During the five years 1900-1 1 about sixty buildings of fifteen stories or more were designed, costing a total of about $70,000,000. The official building statistics of Greater New York show an expenditure of over a billion dollars on building construction in the past five years. A dozen skyscrapers a year is the present pace in New York, meaning by a sky- scraper a building at least sixteen stories high, for nothing less is now able to show its silhouette against the sky in lower New York and merit the title of skyscraper. The tall building has been explained as a scientific evo- lution, as a product of economic stress and scarcity of land. It has been admired, scoffed at, been justified and con- demned. It has been likened to the castle of the robber baron. But I am not aware that it has been recognized for l Continued page 55 1 ARCHITECTURE ARCHITECTURE 55 SUCCESSFUL GENERAL PLAN, LOOM IS INSTITUTE, WINDSOR, CONN. Murphy & Dana, Ar.hitectN. ( CoittinueJ from page 53 ' what it is anil will be to posterity, namely, the material expression of the American of this generation. Just .as the Egyptian left his mark, signed his name and gave the impress of his character to posterity in the pyramid, so is the American character and civilization symbolized in the skyscraper building. Seventy-live pyramids testifv to tin- life of ancient Kgypt, despotic, impassive, calm; and seventy- five rivals to the Woolworth Building will arise to testify to the American individuality, ambitious, assertive, successful. Following for a few moments the material evolution of the American tall building we note that the practical limit of height in brick and masonry construction was reached about 1870 in New York, when walls and piers became so thick as seriouslv to reduce the light by reason of the thick- ness of the masonry. Previous to this time the records of the Building Department show but few buildings over eight stories in height. The heavy walls and piers encouraged architects to use the traditional Roman and Romanesque styles, anil it was a generation before the evolution of light, strong steel construction shook off this incubus of clumsy rock studded with fossil architectural forms. In 1880 two nine story buildings were erected, costing $525,000. In 1881 with the development and appreciation of elevator service and the introduction of iron and later steel beams the record shows two ten story buildings and four nine story buildings. In 1882 an eleven story building was attempted. The thirteen story building did not arrive until 1889 — the Pulitzer Building. 188 feet high, the fir-t I Continued p*(l I 5$ ARCHITECTURE up m =1 I 11 SUCCESSFUL COMPETITIVE PLANS, LOOMIS INSTITUTE, WINDSOR, CONN. Murphy & Dana, Architects. ARCIMTKCTl'Ur. rr i . . s \ . . i A— - - \ . . i \ . . i 1=4 tT*C7 111 \J£, I . I I II I , ' * V Ml •• u si. m m .« >). '« ni i ■ pin H""Bf" -1 -.A ! J- rjtiiijjjjjj ,, jrmmii j SUCCESSFUL desk;n and plan>, dormitory, and third floor school PLAN, LOOMIS INSTITUTE, WINDSOR, CONN. ■Murphy Ac Dim, Architect*. ARCHITECTURE COMPETITIVE GENERAL PLAN, LOOMIS INSTITUTE, WINDSOR, CONN. Placed I by professional adviser. Chas C. Haijjht and Githens, Architects {Continued from page 5$) >1 ,000, 000 structure, and designed to be fireproof, as the term was then understood. In 1891 a lite insurance company projected a fifteen story building of skeleton construction, ami the limit of height of this form of building began to be approached. The Moors and roof were now frankly supported on metal beams and columns, and it was but a step from placing columns against the walls to placing them in the walls and making the walls non-bearing, that is screen or curtain walls. The practical limit with this form of construction is about eighteen stories, first reached in 1f I 6o ARCHITECTURE ARC 1 1 ITK(Tl : RR 61 64 ARCHITECTURE ARC'IIITKCTURK 65 ( Continue J ft om fiagt $<) I with the virility ami strength of buttresses on a Gothic cathedral. One will enjoy these firm, graceful lines, feel glad that they are there and rejoice in their strength. Win did tho>. Americans of 1012 hide them in heavy stone and brick covering? As logically might a taxidermist cover the fine strong lines of a greyhound's skeleton with oyster shells, because biological tradition connects hounds and mollusks on the evolution theory of Darw in. And to what purpose could the space in such a great building be applied? Will aeroplanes land 0:1 the pinnacle? Does a ship land on a projecting cape or promontory exposed to every gust that blows? Aerial navigators will land in the lee of the upper shaft, protected from the wind by it, if any such development comes to pass. The upper shaft might well be used as a hotel, the body of the building for commercial offices. Such a 1950 "See ing New York" hotel would offer light, air, cxclusiveness and a panorama of the valley of the Hudson and New York harbor that would make the best 1012 hotel banal and com- monplace in comparison. Would it pay? It will! The Eiffel Tower cost over a million dollars and practically paid for itself the first year, 1889. What is the Paris of 1889 to the New York of 1950 as a sightseeing city; and then the Eiffel Tower had no possibility of hotel or office revenues as a constant income. The tallest building in New York — on the globe — will always pay. Such a wonder of the modern world will rival the Pyramids as a perennial marvel, and it can be built as everlasting as they. TIIK QUANTITY SURVEYOR. H E. HUNTINGTON. ' ' A N English institution in the building trades w hich -aA. undoubtedly will, sooner or later, become estab- lished here and elsewhere is the 'quantity surveyor.' The quantity surveyor is a very useful member of society, solving many problems which still puzzle us. He is absolutely an Knglish institution, and has been there indefinitely. We sadly need him; he is the best thing Kngland could give us in the building trades. "It is the quantity surveyor who makes an itemized bill of ever) particle of material which is to be included in the building, and, along with it. makes out a statement of what, in Kngland, are called 'labors.' These are detailed statements of all the operations which each craftsman employed must use in order to produce the desired result. If, for instance, bricks are to be laid in an ornamental pat- tern, the extra work thus involved is carefully considered and estimated accurately. These quantity surveyors' bills go into the most minute detail, considering even each mitre in a plaster molding. "In America, when the builders are bidding on a con- tract, each one 'takes out' for himself, making for himself a more or less accurate set of quantities.' In Kngland the 'quantity surveyor' is the only one who does this, and he does it accurately and completely, thereby saving endless labor. This plan also assures the fact that all the bidders are bidding on the same thing, thus eliminating the occur- rence, all too frequent in this country, of instances where men bid low because their estimators have forgotten to include something. This is a protection to the builder, therefore, as well as to the owner, and it is especially a protection to the owner, for any reasonable owner must feel •7 "Target-and- Arrow" Roofing Tin Kin. A. Showing the sheets in position before seam is hammered down and soldered. One cleat also shown (magnified) with faint lines indicating the various folds of tin in the seam. How to A pply Tin Roofing with Flat Scams These illustrations show the method of forming the scams. the scam hammered down and soldered, locking the Fib. B Sheets of tin put together in long lengths c,eat firmly into the seam. One end of the cleat with edges turned ready to lay on the roof. '» lu"*td over the nail heads to prevent scratching the under side of the tin. Flat-seam tin roofing is well suited for covering any surface from flat to vertical. The adaptability of tin roofing for covering curved and irregular surfaces is well known. The durability of "Target-and- Arrow" roofing tin, our old-time specialty, is equally well know n among those w ho have had long experience in the industry. We continue to furnish in this brand, roofing tin of the same remarkable durability obtained in our product for more than fifty years. Full instructions, illustrated, showing methods of applying tin rooting, will he sent to any one on request. Architects and their draftsmen can obtain from us a valuahle little six-inch celluloid-edge boxwood scale as a useful little reminder of " Target-and-Arrow" roofing tin. We want to hear from any architect who is not equipped with one of these well-known scales. N. & G. TAYLOR CO., of Philadelphia The Pioneer American Tin Plate House Established 1810 68 ARCHITECTURE Bayley & Sons "Equalite" Glass " Equalite" is a direct system of lighting that absorbs and de- flects enough light to equalize the direct light with the indirect reflection from the ceiling, thereby irain- iny; the good effects of both. The result is a soft, diffusive glow, restful to the eye, and without shadow. In li^ht efficiency, eye comfort and _ beauty of design, " Equalite" glass is the nearest to perfection so far obtained in equal lighting effects. Special attention to special designs. We design and make the entire fixture. BAYLEY & SONS 105-109 Vanderveer St., BROOKLYN, N. Y. Show Room, 36 West 28th St., New York McKENNEY & WATERBURY. Bo.ton Representative. LIGNI SALVOR The Chalet" Restaurant, Long Island City. Jackson & Chambers, Architects. LI GIM I -SALVOR, Best Wood Preserver, (Registered) i« »n antiseptic compound, jnd is used in m capacities, for "INSIDE WOOD- WORK" and for '" OUTSIDE WOOD WORK." "INSIDE WOODWORK." It creates a beautiful, natural, oil finish, either in a " FLAT EFFECT." (brown), or a wax-like " DULL GLOSS." by simply applying one, or three coats, respectively. It takes the place of wax or varnish. It is unsurpassed for ceilings, beams, trusses, braces, panels, doors, wainscoting, pews, choir stalls, seatings. and all other interior trim. For FLOORS " it is elegant. It is not affected by water, and will not show heel marks. "OUTSIDE WOODWORK." It is easily applied. It requires no skilled labor, no expensive plant, no lengthy preparations; ONLY A BRUSH. "SHINGLES" are dipped, and when laid, given a heavy brush coat. " SLEEPERS AND TIES" are given a bath. It soaks readily into the wood. Unlike paint, it leaves the pores open; prevents rot or decay, and combines serviceability and beauty if applied thoroughly. It weathers prettily. Is largely specified for dwellings, churches, hospi- tals, railroad depots, sheds, stables, boathouses. and other wooden structures exposed to climatic changes. Nothing like it for impregnating SLEEPERS to he imbedded in cement. Comes in one color (brown) only, and one gallon covers about 300 square feci of dressed lumber, hi \ tf The Barrett Spfcifieeition will /»' Sitit free on request. BARRETT MANUFACTURING COMPANY St Special Note We advise incorporat- ing in plans the full wording of The Barren Specification, in order toavoidany misunder- standing. If any abbreviated form is desired, how- ever, the following is suggested : ROOFING-Shall be a Barrett Specification Roof laid as directed in printed Specifica- tion, revised August 15, 1911, using the materials specified, and subject to the inspection require- ment. New York Chicago Cincinnati The Patkrm>\ Mfg Co. Philadelphia Boston St. Louis Cleveland Pittsburgh Kansas City Minneapolis Seattle Corey, Ala. Limited. — Montreal Torontc Winnipeg Vancouver St. John, N. B. Halifax, N. S. xxiv ARCHITECTURE Roof of E. J. Johnson's Old European Method. Graduated lengths, random widths. Special Features in Roof Slates COLORS— Black, (ireen, Purple and Red, with variations in shades and mottled effects. Our Old European Style of Slate Roofing specially produced by us, includes varying colors and shades with gradua- ted exposures and thicknesses from greatest at eave to smallest at ridt^e, with random widths. With approxi- mate estimated outlay iriven us we will furnish a suitable layout with sug- gestions as to colors. Slate Roofs of character and striking individuality are made possible with our ow n produc- tions. We invite inquiries from Architects. E. J. JOHNSON Producer of "Out-of-the-Ordinary" ROOF SLATES 38 Park Row - - New York Structural Slate Slate Blackboards IOJ PARK AVENUE. NEW YORK. 4J KING STREET WEST, TORONTO Casement Water Excluding Bar (Peters Patent) Most perfect ever invented (or casement windows opening inward. Suitable (or old or new sashes and doors. Cut shows sill plan of casement window. Efficient, Tried and Tested This bar is formed of crescent shaped metal which moves up and down when closing or opening sashes. Ki>;ht side sash is fitted with a special hook which strikes bar and moves it into position. Simple. Cannot get out of order. Easily applied. Write for circular. J. S. GILLESPIE Room 1256, 200 5th Avenue, - - - NEW YORK ARC1 IITI'XTURE xxvi ARCHITECTURE Lincrusta-Walton Solid Relief Decorations No. 277— HERALDIC DESIGN. DADOS, FRIEZES, ORNAMENTS AND PANELS IN GREAT VARIETY SUITABLE FOR Dining Rooms, Halls, Vestibules, Hotels, Offices, Club Houses, Yachts, Churches, etc. =MANUFACTURED SOLELY BY= FR. BECK & CO. Seventh Avenue and 29th Street Tapestrolea Treatments of Burlaps and Canvases for Decorative Purposes ARTISTIC CANVASES WALL DECORATIONS DRAPERIES SCREENS FRIEZES Decorators and architects will find a collec- tion of great value, especially for interiors, hotels, clubs and public buildings. Our Artist will co-operate with Architects and Decorators in planning and arranging decorative schemes. SttM/>it Booh FurnishtJ Upon Rt The same high tensile strength, The same lightness of color, The same absolute uniformity in every one of the 48,000,000 sacks that leave our 11 mills in the course of a year, insure you the maximum of satisfaction on the home, office build- ing, factory, or other struc- ture you are contemplating. Lehigh Portland Cement Co. Allentown, Pa. Chicago, 111. < muatt) ARCHITECTURE xxxi TAP ROOM, HOTEL BELVEDERE, BALTIMORE. MD. Parker, Thomas & Rice, Architects AS AN INTERIOR FINISH AND DECORATION: Heretofore the use of decorative brickwork has involved much trouble and un- certainty. Most available material has been limited in artistic possibilities, and accurate data as to sizes, colors and other details has been difficult to obtain; nearly all brick men have declined to undertake special work and have dis- couraged any departure from the most commonplace ideals. Believing that the architectural profession would welcome intelligent co-operation in this matter, we organized, two years ago, a Department of Brick Design, and have since assisted many architects with suggestions, sketches, water colors, working drawings, and specifications. Then trouble developed with the bricklayer — he did not know how to handle deco- rative brickwork, and much beautiful material was spoiled by his carelessness and ignorance. To overcome this difficulty and to make our service complete, we have now organized an Installation Department for the erection of the material in place. We are prepared to take charge of the entire work from its inception to its com- pletion, all work being done under the supervision of the architect and to his satisfaction. We make one lump sum charge for this entire service. We solicit an opportunity to furnish, without charge, preliminary sketches and estimates for any work which the architect may have in hand. FISKE y COMPANY, Incorporated 25 Arch St., Boston Arena B'ld'tf, New York Dl OVER xxxii ARCHITECTURE RED ROOM— NEW YORK OFFICES ENTRANCE LOBBY— OTIS ELEVATOR BLDG.. N. Y. Clinton & Russell, Architects. FISKE COMPANY, Incorporated 25 Arch St., Boston : Arena Bld'g, New York OVER Dl ARCIUTI-CTURE xxxm PATTERSON BATTERY SETS PATTERSON BATTERY SET, PRESSED-STEEL BOX TYPE (Front dropped to screw in cells) PATTERSON BAT TERY SETS are designed for the operation of Electric Signal Bells, Annunciators, Fire Alarms, Telephones, Door Openers, Elevator Signals, Program Clocks — in fact, for all open-circuit work. They save much more than they cost ! PATTERSON BATTERY SETS are made in forty (40) different models for every class of battery service, from the simple 2-cell "Strip-Type" Holder for housework, to the heavy-duty MULTIPLE-SERVICE WALL CABINET SETS of 150 Amp. capacity^THESE MULTIPLE-SERVICE CABINETS capable of doing the work of any Motor-Generator or Storage Set ever installed— barring, of course, steady incandescent lighting service. In a PATTERSON BATTERY SET the renewal of a cell is as easy as the renewal of an incandescent lamp and though done quickly by the most inexperienced person, without tools or technical knowledge of any sort, CAN BE DONE ONLY IN ONE WAY, AND THAT THE RIGHT WAY. The fundamental principle of a PATTERSON BATTERY SET is a SCREW-TOP BATTERY CELL which, without wires or bind- ing posts, screws into a solid hard-rubber plate, automatically making all connections; it will readily be appreciated that with this con- struction, there can be no possible loose connections — no bad contacts — or loss of power from bad contacts. The battery cells are suspended in the air from the hard-rubber plate and water or dampness cannot affect them. A PATTERSON BATTERY HOLDER will not only maintain a set of batteries at much higher amperage than (he old-style method of inatallation. but will, in a few years save it* entire cost from the greatly increased life each set of cells will give, because of the Holder's com preh ensive design for cell-protection and economic maintenance: too much stress cannot be laid on the increased life of an installation made in a PATTERSON BATTERY HOLDER, due to several fac's. chief amongst which are the following, viz. : 1. The absolute "full-carrying" capacity of the contacts which completely does away with the loss of battery power always present in the " old-style wired-up" battery set. 2. Housing of the " wax-sealed" end of cell in practically an air tight cup — away from the effect of temperature change, etc. 3. Complete elimination of all leakage due to dampness on bottom of cell or on cartons. 4. Positive prevention of accidental getting together of zinc terminals, as has always been most troublesome in the "old-style wired-up" bat tery -set. A PATTERSON BATTERY HOl-DER will last a lifetime, as every part is made of the best material and designed to give the user an outfit which will be a constant source of satisfaction, year in and year out. Screw-cups are renewable if necessity ever demands. Heavy contact springs of genuine phosphor-bronze make absolute, positive contact with brass-capped carbon electrode or the cell ; the contacts automatically clean themselves every time a battery is screwed in or out of the Holder and the heavy pressure of the phosphor-bronze center contact-spring acts as a locking device on the cell, making it impossible for the same to back-turn. In a PATTtRSON BATTERY HOLDER, whether it be the simple STRIP -TYPE, or the heavy duty MULTIPLE-SERVICE WALL-CABINET, circuit wires, once connected to the battery, never have to be disconnected or re connected. We'll gladly forward ropy of Catalog 415, describing in detail full line of Patterson Battery Sets. You can't afford to be without a copy in your office. STANLEY & PATTERSON, Sole Manufacturers Sole Distributors NEW YORK U. S. A. Distributors for the wo MANUFACTURING CO inrj Dominion of Canada Montreal Halifax -Toronto— Winnipeg- Vancouver— Reg ma Calgary Edmonton San Francisco ! JOHN R. COLE CO.. Williams Bldg. Seattle: H. G. BEHNEMAN. 316 James St. Los Angeles: JOHN R.COLE CO.. 1727 Lenox Ave. ARCHITECTURE ARCHITECTURE XXXV The Woolworth Building Book CONTAINS a complete set of photo- ^* graphic illustrations with a cover page showing the tower in its true colors. Many of the detail photographs were taken from temporary building scaffolds and can never be taken again. The smallest illustration measures four inches in its least dimension. Atlantic Terra Cotta Company 1170 Broadway, New York Sent on request Phase mention Woolworth Building xxxvi ARCHITECTURE When you specify these goods remember they have no equal — when you call for an equal you only invite the use of imitations. FLAT F" I FSL I EDUMEE WHITE EMAMEL Keystone Varnish Company Brooklyn, N. Y. Leeds, Eng. O'namentjl Cnnciete I"r.n, Oukc EsUtf Someiville, N. J MEDUSA WHITE PORTLAND CEMENT USED IN ITS CONSTRUCTION PERFECTLY WHITE IN COLOR AND STAINLESS THE BRAND THE U. S. GOVERNMENT HAS USED IN FIFTY BUILDINGS IN THE PAST TWO YEARS Write for Free Booklets and Samples of MEDUSA WHITE PORTLAND CEMENT MEDUSA WATERPROOFING MEDUSA WATERPROOFED CEMENT (Gray and White) Sandusky Portland Cement Co. Sandusky. Ohio, U. S. A. STEEL Rolling Fireproof Doors and Shutters and Wood Rolling Doors and Partitions THE KINNEAR MFG. CO. COLUMBUS, OHIO, U. S. A. BOSTON PHILADELPHIA CHICAGO U Water Street 1011 Chestnut Street 1212 Corn Exe. Bk. Bid*. ARCHITECTURE AETCO FAIENCE FLOORING 'EGYPTIAN" im • X 9 IN COLOR KIZC O K4 1 ".' IN COLON TREATMENT NO. 10 SIZE O X O IN. COLOR TREATMENT NO. a © 1912, by Aroctican Encauitic Tiling Co., Lid. A NEW WEAR RESISTING FLOORING MATERIAL. FLAT RELIEF IN VITRIFIED BODY COMBINED WITH INLAID MATT GLAZE TREATMENTS. OBTAINABLE IN SPECIAL DESIGNS AND COLORINGS. ZANESVILLE. OHIO NEW YORK. N. Y. xxxviii ARCHITECTURE The question of home convenience and comfort is solved if you include Western <£hcTric Interphones in your specifications for new homes — city or country — or for those you are remodeling. Let us assist you in laying out your private telephone systems. WESTERN ELECTRIC COMPANY Manufacturer! of the 7,000,000 "Be//" Telephones Hew Tork Chicago Kansaa City San Pranciaco Montr**) London Buffalo Mil* auk** I i > Oakland Toronto Btrlin Philadelphia Pitutmra-h Minneapoln U.i Anjelea Winalp*» Paria Boston Cleveland St Paul Dallaa Calfarj Rom* Richmond Clnrinnati Dcnvar Houitoa Tancourvr JohanD«abrjrg Atltnta Indianapolif Omaha Seattle Edmonton Sydn*y Sa'annah St Louia SaltL*k*Cltj Portland Antwarp Tokyo EQUIPMENT FOR EVERY ELECTRICAL NEED Garbage Destroyers Why Architects Specify Type "G" 1. The Wall Type saves the floor space in your kitchen. 2. Built into the chimney flue, it has no stove pipe to collect the dust. 3. It is neat in appearance and adds to the value of the building. 4. It is a sanitary convenience endorsed by Leading Health Authorities. PYROFUSE Type G The Prescott Selling Company Arena Building 38 West 32nd St., New York City Main Office and Factory. - - Webster, Mass. a ivCi HTKCTrkK How the Grand Central Terminal Was Built To set in place ($10,000,000.00) dollars, worth of steel and stone over the heads of 100,000 people hurry- ing daily from home to office and from office to home required careful handling and far sighted planning. To operate 800 trains daily through the wreckage of falling walls, along the crumbling edge of active quarries and under the swinging booms of loaded cranes, required constant attention and railroad skill of the highest order. To carry on both of these operations at the same time and in the same place required organization and the most complete and harmonious co-operation between the Railroad Company, the Architects and the Builders. This harmony was secured and this organization perfected in the "Grand Central Plan" of building, under which we became the expert building agent of the owner. With our own force of engineers, draftsmen and superintendents, under the personal direction of our Vice-President, we were in direct touch with the Architects and the Engineering Department of the Railroad Company on the one hand, but free to act independent of the complexities and entanglements of a great railroad organization, while on the other hand we stood between the strongly unionized building trades and the forces of the railroad company as arbitrators and peace makers. This plan has worked satisfactorily to all parties concerned, and we recommend it to all interested in building operations of magnitude. JOHN PEIRCE CO. Builders of the Grand Central Terminal 90 West Street New York xl ARCHITECTURE The Grand Central Terminal iNE of the most beautiful and best equipped buildings of its kind in the world is now nearing completion. Four thousand seven hundred (4,700) barrels of Atlas-White Portland Cement have been used in its construction up to the present, for setting brick, laying, point- ing and backing the limestone. The Architect! are Warren It Wetmore and Reed & Stem, anil the (Jeneral Contractors, John Peirce Co. ATLAS-WHITE "The standard by UOkich all other makes are measured" One of Twenty-six Faience Lunettes in the Suburban Passenger Concourse and Restaurant of the New Grand Central Terminal, New York City Warren Wetmore and Reed £v Stem, Asso. Architects Executed by the Rookwood Pottery Company Main Office and Works Eastern Branch Office Cincinnati. Ohio, U. S. A. 1 Madison Ave., N. Y. City A RCIiriTXTl'RF. xli Passenger Station, N. Y. C. & H. R. Ry. Co. Rochester, New York Anti-Pluvius Puttyless Skylights specified and used In selecting the skylights used in the construction of this passenger station, quality, durability and permanency were important factors for consideration. anti-pluvius (Trade Mark) Puttyless Skylights The use of the Anti-Pluvius maintains the high standard sought, and the illustrations above give a general idea of the neatness and effectiveness of the skylights. This con- struction is fully described in our new catalog. May we send you a copy? The G. Drouve Company Bridgeport, Conn. 180 N. Dearborn St., Chicago, 111. xlii ARCHITECTURE Dl'PI.EX STUDIO APARTMENTS East M>th Strebt and Lexington Avenue. New York Charles A- Platt. Architect npHE Electrical Equipment for the modern apartment house * has proved to he one of the most important features for the successful building operation. We have made a special study of the situation and feel that we are in a position to assist the architect and owner who is considering a building enterprise of this nature. Why not -write us In-day for particulars t DEIMIMIS G. BRUSSEL Electric Engineering and Conntructioa 39-41 West 38th Street, - NEW YORK 1 89 Telephones , Murray Hill HoiM Lowered Hoist in Operation G. & G. TELESCOPIC HOIST < PATENTED ) With Compound Gear and Brake Attachment Madr ol ttroot and durable material For hoisting and lowering ash cans, kegs, barrels, etc. Takes up less room than other hoists ; the opening in the sidewalk need be little larger than necessary to permit passage of can. It is telescopic— no part showing above sidewalk when not in use. A powerful brake attachment permits the lowering of heavy load without trouble. Its compactness makes hoist very easy to erect— a great advantage when shipped F. O. B cars. Specified by the leading architects. Price, erected complete. New York City, $123. Gillis & Geoghegan, 537-539 W. Broadway, New York Portico. Country House. E. T. Bedford. Green's Farms. Ct. M. W. Morris. Architect. Plain and Ornamental Stucco Work Executed by H. W. MILLER, Inc. Plain and Decorative Plastering and Cement Stucco Contractors. 501 EAST 22d STREET, NEW YORK CITY Residence op I. R Palmer. Lakewood, N. J. J. R. Thomaa. Architect. The painting of this house was done with MATHESON WHITE LEAD Many of the finest buildings in this country bear testimony to the superiority of this lead. MATHESON WHITE LEAD Will make a white mark on any other lead, and will cover more surface and cover it better. IT IS STRICTLY PURE MATHESON LEAD COMPANY Corroders New York ARCIHTKtTl'RK xliii Escalators Necessary and Most Practical Equipment for Theatres Architects are specifying them in up-to-date designs of new theatres, and recommending them for modernizing the old. The demand for Escalators in theatres is steadily increasing. Theatre-goers are finding Escalators a wonderful convenience and improvement over old- fashioned stairs for transporting them to balconies and galleries quickly, safely, and without physical effort. Theatre Owners and Managers consider Escalators a sound business investment because, by eliminating the objectionable climbing of steep, tiresome stairs, they make the upper floors accessible and inviting, and balcony seats as popular as orchestra chairs, — and salable at highest prices. The Neiu York Clippei — the leading theatrical paper of the country — comments editorially on Esca- lators in theatres: "Their advantages are so obvious that every new theatre and every old one should be equipped with this great convenience." Escalators have successfully solved the problem of transportation in theatres and other public places where the safe and speedy moving of masses of people from one level to another is a pressing necessity. OTIS CLEAT TYPE ESCALATOR It will be observed from the Ciordon- Olympia Theatre, (Boston), installation shown here, that the Escalator is sightly and ornamental, and an added architectural attraction to the finest appointed theatres. Also made in regulation stair- way type. THESE THEATRES ARE EQUPPED WITH OTIS ESCALATORS Gordon -Olympia Boston, Mass Bijou Dream Boston, Mass. Broadway Springfield, Mass. Olympic, Lynn, Mass. Gordon Theatre Rochester. N. Y Others designed, recommending Esca- lators, are now under consideration. Every Architect Should Include Escalators in His Plans We will gladly give you the benefit of our experience and tell you in detail what Escalators are doing for the theatre. Ask for Catalogue describing our Escalators; — in it are plan drawings which will enable you to estimate space requirements and floor openings. Otis Elevator Company Eleventh Ave. and Twenty-sixth St., New York Offices In all Principal Cities of the World xliv ARCHITECTURE WRITE FOR BLUE PRINTS AND CATALOGUE IELIANCE BALL-BEARING No. 1 MADISON AVE. RELIANCE DOOR HANGERS STAND SATISFACTORILY THE CLOSEST INSPECTION OF SPECIFICATION WRITERS TRY THEM DOOR HANGER CO. NEW YORK American Bridge Company of Newark Hudson Terminal-30 Church Street. NeWork c Manufacturers of Steel Structures of all classes particularly BRIDGES AND Buildings NEW YORK, N. Y., Hudson Terminal, 30 Church Street Philadelphia, Pa., Pennsylvania Building Boston, Mass. . . . John Hancock Bldg Baltimore, Md. , Continental Trust Building PITTSBURGH. PA. . . . Frick Building Rochester, N. Y Powers Block Buffalo, N..Y. . Ellicott Square Building Cincinnati, Ohio Union Trust Building Atlanta, Ga. Candler Building Cleveland, Ohio . . Rockefeller Building Detroit, Mich., Beecher Ave. & M.C.R.R. CHICAGO, ILL. , Commercial National Bank Building St. Louis, Mo., Third Nat'l Bank Building Denver, Colo. . First Nat'l Bank Building Salt Lake City, Utah , Walker Bank Building Duluth, Minn Wolvin Building Minneapolis, Minn. , 7th Ave. & 2d St. ,S. E. Pacific Coast Representative : U.S. Steel Products Co., Pacific Coast Dpt. SAN FRANCISCO, CAL. . Rialto Building Portland, Ore Selling Building Seattle, Wash. , 4th Ave. So., Cor. Conn.St. HOUSATONIC RIVER URIDGE NAUGATUCK JCT., CONN. Export Representative : United States Steel Products Co., 30 Church St., N. Y. 1 . : Antique Metallic Leading Our Leader I ' 1 Henderson Brothers Makers of 1 Ji Leaded Stained Glass, Hard Metal Settings in Brass, Copper, Zinc and German Silver 707 First Avenue - New York You should see and know contents of pages 6, 7 and 8 of our New Catalogue of Gorton Side-Feed Boilers. We would feel under obligations if you will send for it at once — to-day. GORTON & LIDGERWOOD COMPANY 96 Liberty St. - NEW YORK BOSTON: 182 High St. CHICAGO: Fisher Bldg. ARCHITECTURE xlv House at Lenox, Mass. Wilson Eyre, Architect, Philadelphia Stained with Cabot's Shingle Stains and Lined with Cabot's Sheathing Quilt CABOT'S Sheathing and Deafening QUILT A Thoroughly Scientific and Sanitary Heat Insulator and Sound -Deadener. Quilt is a cushion of dead-air spaces, and is cold-proof, sound-proof, decay and vermin- proof, and uninflammable. Asbestos Quilt is the most firepoof lining made. Samples and Circulars Sent on Request SAMUEL CABOT, INC., BOSTON, MASS. 1 133 Broadway, New York 350 Dearborn Ave., Chicago Cubot Shingle Stains Waterproof Cement Stains Waterproof Brick Stains Conservo Wood Preservative Damp-proofing, Waterproofing, Protective Paint, etc. Better than Theory Our Copper Bearing Open Hearth ROOFING TIN is more than theoretically good. Actual service tests have proved the superiority of our Copper Bearing Ternes. You should use no other. Shall we send particulars? Write for Pocket Reference Book containing valuable data and information relative to our Copper Hearing Terne Plates, A polio Best Bloom Galvanized Sheets, Black Sheets, Formed Rooting and Siding Products, etc. Jjnerican Sheets Tin Plate Company General Offices :Frick Building, Pittsburgh, Pa. DISTRICT SALES OFFICES = Chicago Cincinnati Denver Detroit New Orleans New York Philadelphia Pittsburgh St. Louis Export Representatives: United States Steel Products COMPANY, New York City Pacific Coast Representatives: United States Steel Products Company, San Francisco, Los Angeles, Portland, Seattle Iron Frame GREENHOUSES The architect will find us always ready to heartily co-operate with him. Hitchings & Company Main Office und Kactory Elizabeth, New Jersey New York Office. 1 1 7* Broadway xlvi ARCHITECTURE The New City Hall, Chicago Holabird & Roche, Architects. (See illustration) Six Hundred and Ninety Sets of the Grant Anti-friction Vertical Pivot Lifts used in this building. Grant Pulley & Hardware Company 3 West 29th Street, New York BOBBINK & ATKINS World's Choicest Nursery and Greenhouse Products SPRING PLANTING Our Products are of a higher grade than ever this season, placing us in a better position to till orders with a class of material that will give satisfaction to all our patrons. Our Nursery consists of 300 acres of highly cultivated land and a large area covered with greenhouses and storehouses, in which we are growing Nursery and Greenhouse Products for every place and purpose. Rose*. We have several hundred thousand Rose Plants that will bloom this year. Order now from our Illustrated General Cata- logue for Spring delivery. Rhododendron*. Many thousands of acclimated plants in Hardy English and American varieties are growing in our Nursery. Ornamental Shade Treci and Flowering Shrubs. We gr..u many thousands of Ornamental Shade Trees and Shrubs in all varieties and sizes. Trained, Dwarf and Ordinary Fruit Trees and Small Fruits. We grow these for all kinds of fruit gardens and orchards. Hardy Old-Fashioned Plants. We grow thousands of rare, new and old-fashioned kinds, including Peonies and Iris in a large variety. Special prices on quantities. Our New Giant-Flowering Marah Mallow. Kverybody should be interested in this Hardy New Old-fashioned Flower. It will grow everywhere, and when in bloom is the queen of flowers in the garden. Blooms from July Evfr«rccn«, Conifers and Pines Many acres of our Nursery are planted with handsome specimens Boxwood. Kverybody loves the aroma of old-fashioned Boxwood. We grow thousands of plants in many shapes and sizes. Bay Treea. Palms and other I >ecor- ative Plants for Conservatories. Interior andexterior decorations. Hedge Planti. We grow a large quantity of California Privet, Berberis, and other Hedge Plants, adapted to all parts of the country. English Pot Grown Grape Vinea. I- or greenhouse cultivation. Hardy Trailing and Climbing Vines. We have them for every- place and purpose. Bulba and Roots. We gr..w and import quantities of Bulbs and Roots from Japan, Holland and other parts of Europe. Lawn Grass Seed. < >ur Rutherford Park Lawn Mixture has given satisfaction everywhere. Plant Tubs, Window Boxes and English Garden Furniture. We manufacture all shapes and sizes. Strawberries. Potted and field grown, in all the leading varieties. Mailed until the latter part of September Our Illustrated General Catalogue No. 65 describes the above upon request. We plant everywhere for Architects with our World's Choicest Nur. sery Products grown in our World's Greatest Nursery. Visitors tske Erie R.R. to Carlton Hill, second stop on msln line; 3 mln.walk to Nursary. BOBBINK Nurserymen, Florists and Planters. ATKINS RUTHERFORD, N. J. This is the U-Bsr The Bar ihst makes U-Bar Greenhouses The Fsmous Greenhouses they sre. THAT persistence of impression that greenhouses are not, and cannot be made attractive, has allowed many an architect to give them scant considera- tion. All too often they have been re- grettably placed. That this is needless— at times almost unforgivable — you will be convinced by seeing our new album catalog of pano- rama views. Send for'it. Our ad. in January Agricultural Record or Country. Life gives the story of the above house. Look it up. UBAR GREENHOUSES PIERSON U-BAR CO ONE MADISON AVt. NkWYOU. CANADIAN Of HC L 10 FHuuri rues Sayre & Fisher Co. Manufacturers of FINE PRESSED FRONT BRICK Of Various Shades, Plain and Moulded. Also Special Colors and Sises to order. SUPERIOR ENAMELED BRICK (SEVIRAL COLORS) Hard Building Brick, Fire Brick and Hollow Brick. Office: 261 Broadway, - - - New Yosrk ARC! MTKC TVRV xlvn u Reeco ,, Electric Pumps "Reeco" Gasoline Engines "Reeco" Hot- Air Pumping Engines "Reeco" Electric Lighting Systems Send for new catalogue "B.3." Rider-Ericsson Engine Company 20 Murray Street, New York 239 Franklin St., Boston. 40 North 7th St., Philadelphia. 112 Hunter St., Sydney, N. S. W. 234 West Craig St., Montreal, P. Q. Coi ntry HorsE, Martin J. Condon. Pei.ham Manor, N. Y. Little & O'Connor. Architects. GEORGE MERTZ'8 SONS Contractors, Builders AND MANUFACTURERS OF fine Interior fiardivood UJork PORT CHESTER, N. Y. ttle want to estimate on your work. Rockport Granite Co. 13 Park Row, new York. Telephone, 6032 Cortlandt. 1 Residence, E. J. Berwind. 2 East 64th St., New York. N. C. Mellen. Architect. THE LORILLARD Refrigerator Used in the Berwind House, and in all first-class Residences, Clubs, Hotels, and Institutions. Will save 25 per cent, to 40 per cent, in ice over any other refrigera- tor, and will preserve the food more perfectly and for a longer time. The new opal glass lining makes it absolutely sanitary. No possi- bility for the lodgment of disease germs. It is endorsed by the leading architects and sanitary experts. Call and examine, or send for descriptive catalogue. Plans and estimates submitted free of charge. 25 West 32d Street, New York City LOOMIS FILTERS ESTABLISHED I8SO Endorsed by the Leading Architect*, Mechanical and Sanitary Engineer*. LOOMIS -MANNING FILTER COMPANY Main Office. 828 land Title lll.lt . Philadelphia. Pa. Boston New York Buffalo Baltimore Washington # PREVENTS DRAFTS, DUST AND WINDOW RATTLING Ives' Patent Window Stop Adjuster The only Stop Adjuster made from one piece of metal with solid ribg and heavy bed that will not cup, turn or bend in tightening the screw. Manufactured only by The H. B. IVES CO., New Haven, Conn., U. S. A. (100-pace Caialorue Mailed Free.) xlviii ARCHITECTURE Soltfc Steel Casement TKDUnfcows Bvc ($aining IRaptMp in popularity Made in All Designs (or All Buildings vrri¥*HE shift away from the old style double hung y^2»$Jp? window has been especially marked during the ' ,-*•,.' past year, and it is apparent that in a short time steel casement windows will be in as wide use in America as they have been for years in England. CRITTALL Solid Steel Casement Windows are the result of over thirty years rigid adherence to an ideal. Their supremacy has been recognized by leading architects and engineers who have placed them in many of our most magnificent homes and public buildings. In beauty and freedom of design, in simplicity and ease of operation, in real economy and for ventilation, light and protec- tion against the weather, Crittall Solid Steel Casement Windows excel all others. WRITE FOR DETAILS Catalog and photographs on request. Designs and estimates on receipt of drawings- CRITTALL CASEMENT COMPANY, Manufacturers Detroit || f ► » r i f 5 351 58? in? r r • fin i ill l in I3JI5S 31 S 18351 383 33 13311 THE ARCHITECTS BUILDING. NEW YORK SWING & CHAPPELL and La FARCE & MORRIS. Architects A. P. PAINTS and A. P. VARNISHES are being used throughout the ARCHITECTS BUILDING A. P. FLATLAN on the walls A. P. VARNISHES on all woodwork A. P. PAINTS on all trim, etc. THE. ATLAS PAINT COMPANY 103 Park Ave.. N. Y. H. N. BRADLEY. President Nashville, Tenn. A. S. B. LITTLE. General Manager. CLARK MELLEN, Architectural Representative Write for our new Architects Catalog C5. The Consolidated Rosendale Cement Co. Hudson Terminal Building 50 Church St. New York Rosendale Hydraulic Cement Has been on the market for 85 years. IT HAS STOOD THE TEST OF TIME ON ALL KINDS OF CONSTRUCTION. IDEAL MORTAR One Barrel of Rosendale and Three Barrels of Sand. IDEAL CONCRETE One Barrel of Rosendale, Two Barrels of Sand, Four Barrels Broken Stone or Gravel. Cement and Sand to be thoroughly mixed dry. Hard Burnt Brick, bonded with this Cement, Is the Best Fire- proof Material on the market. SPECIFY AND USE BROOKLYN BRIDGE BRAND The Best Cement for Brick Work Constant in Volume Does Not Work Short Uniform Very Elastic Reliable PFOTEN H AU ER- N ESBIT CO. ST. JAMES BUILDING Broadway, Cor. 26th St., - NEW YORK IMPERVIOUS FRONT BRICK In Red, Buff, Gray, Mottled. White, Etc Enameled Brick, Roofing Tiles, Paving Clinkers, Etc. Genuine "KITTANNING" Brick Genuine "HARVARD" Brick What Makes a Paint Efficient? Combinations of oil and pig- ment that tend to their own destruction do not lead to pro- longed efficiency. In Dixon's Silica-Graphite Paint an inert pigment leads to longest life of the oil vehicle. That's why Dixon's supplies long-lived efficiency. Joseph Dixon Crucible Co. Jersey City, - - N. J. Efficient Ventilation is assured when a building is "Globe" Ventilated Owners and architects have found from experi- ence that when "GLOBE" ventilators are speci- fied and installed on a building, the ventilating problem for that building is solved for all time, for the "GLOBE" will give permanent satisfac- tion and perfect ventilation as long as the building stands. Shall we send a model demonstrating its operation ? Globe Ventilator Company Troy, New Yorlc BOMMER spring HINGES [NEVER FAIL TO GIVE SATISFACTION. INSURE peMilyhung doors Friction is eliminated by the arings, and the door swings r and softly without creaking ig. These butts have M-RIS1NG PINS which will not work out of the joint Write for artistic and instructive booklet "Properly Hung Doors." THE STANLEY WORKS New York NEW BRITAIN, CONN. Chicago "MERCHANT'S OLD METHOD 9 ' BRADFORD PERMANENT RED BRICK It is not enough to specify Red Brick. There are so many different ways of getting good results that it seems almost unnecessary to produce an ordinary and uninteresting build- ing. Tell your contractor how to work the material. Architects are safe in recommending " Bradford Reds" because they are Quality Absolute and Permanent. We also make "Bradford Ruffs," a rough texture face of beautiful shade variation. They are largely used in exterior and garden walls. Prices, samples and information on request. THE RED BRICK PEOPLE TRADE MARK REG. Bradford Pressed Brick Co. Bradford, Pa. SAMSON SPOT SASH CORD THE MOST DURABLE AND' ECONOMICAL MATERIAL FOR HANGING WINDOWS. Please send for tests and samples. SAMSON CORDAGE WORKS - - Boston, Mass. Trade Mark Reg. U. S. Pat. Off.