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 LECTURES 
 
 THE SITUATION IN THE FAR EAST 
 
 TWO THOUSAND MILES ON HORSEBACK ACROSS 
 PERSIA AND ASIATIC TURKEY 
 
 By TOYOKICHI IYENAGA, Ph.D. 
 
 MADISON, WIS. 
 
 TRACY, GIBBS A CO., PRINTERS 
 
 1902 
 
T HE purpose of the lecturer is to present to the American public the 
 main features of the Problem of Asia, which is daily pressing upon 
 the attention of Christendom, and is now the pivot of European 
 politics. The lecturer may be pardoned if he lays claim to have enjoyed 
 special advantages which make him tit for the undertaking of the task 
 before him, for he is not only by birth an Asiatic, and a member of the 
 Japanese nation, which is certainly destined to play an important role in 
 the Asiatic affairs, but he has live 1 among the Chinese for some years, 
 and has seen the countries, and come in contact with different peoples, of 
 Asia by Ids travels in 1899-1900. If the lecturer succeeds in making him 
 self intelligible, and at the same time interesting to the American audi- 
 ence, that is the debt he owes to this country, for herein are his Alma 
 Maters, and America, therefore, is his second home. 
 
 The first subject of the lecturer, i. e., Situation in the Far East, is 
 treated in two lectures: 1. Japan and Russia: 2. China Problem. The sec- 
 ond subject is also treated in two lectures: 1. A Thousand Miles on Horse- 
 back Across Persia, or Travel from Tokio to Teheran; 2. A Thousand 
 Miles on Horseback Across Asiatic Turkej", or Travel from Teheran 
 to Tokio, via Asia Minor, Egypt, and India. The division of the 
 Travel Lecture into two, although they form one whole, is deemed 
 necessary, especially when it is illustrated, for it is impossible to treat 
 the subject in a satisfactory way within an hour or two, as it must 
 include, beside the explanation of the pictures on the screen, the descrip- 
 tion of the state of politics, commerce, religion, customs and manners, 
 of the peoples visited. The lecturer lias brought about 200 slides, which 
 illustrate the places he visited and the life of Japan, so that, if 
 desired, he is ready to deliver illustrated lectures. But the lecturer begs 
 to be clearly understood that nothing is more repugnant to his sense of 
 honor and taste than to be counted among those showmen, who go round 
 as “lecturers,” by simply exhibiting pictures, and catering to the curiosity 
 of the vulgar, and that, however far below the mark he may fall, what 
 the lecturer aims to realize is the lesson taught by that great master of 
 art. Shakespeare, how to instruct as well as interest human beings. The 
 worth of these lectures, if there be any, must then be sought in the sub- 
 ject-matter of the lectures. The pictures count but little to the lecturer; 
 but the undertaking of the travel itself has cost the Formosan govern- 
 ment of Japan over 10.000 yen, or American $5,000. 
 
 The above lectures are adapted to University, or College audiences, 
 to Literary Societies and Clubs, as well as to Chautauqua Assemblies and 
 what are commonly called popular audiences. The lecturer will have 
 the pleasure, Professor G. E. Vincent writes him, of appearing be- 
 fore the great Chautauqua of New York, in the coming summer. 
 
 The followingcontainsa brief statement of the past work of the lecturer, 
 and of his travels, with some comments of capable and critical judges who 
 
4 
 
 have already heard his first two lectures. The second has not yet been 
 delivered anywhere in this country, but is to be delivered in the near 
 future at Madison and elsewhere. 
 
 1. Biography of the Lecturer, and a Short Account of His Travel. 
 
 Here the lecturer will be permitted to quote what Madison papers, the 
 Cardinal and Madison Democrat, said on the matter and about his travel. 
 
 “The lecturer, Dr. Iyenaga, recently of the foreign office of Japan, was 
 born in Kiushiu in 1863. In 1884 he came to this country to receive his edu- 
 cation. He pursued Iris collegiate course in Oberlin college, Ohio, and was 
 graduated from the college with the degree of Ph. B. in 1887. While a 
 student at Oberlin college, at the Oratorical contest of the college in 1886, 
 he carried off the first honor, and represented the college in the interstate 
 Oratorical contest of Ohio of the same year. The following three years 
 Mr. Iyenaga spent in the Johns Hopkins University, pursuing the post 
 graduate course in History and Political Economy under the direction of 
 Dr. Ely, and the late Dr. H. B. Adams, receiving the degree of Ph. D. in 
 1890. His graduating thesis on the “The Constitutional Development of 
 Japan” was published in one of the Johns Hopkins University Studies. 
 During his stay in Baltimore, on the occasion of the celebration by the 
 Johns Hopkins University of the Promulgation of Japanese Constitution, 
 he delivered a speech before the faculty and the university students, before 
 Baltimore citizens and the Japanese Minister and his suite, who had come 
 from Washington to attend the ceremony After his graduation from the 
 Johns Hopkins, at Chautauqua, N. Y., the headquarters of Chautauqua 
 assemblies, and at some other summer assemblies. Dr. Iyenaga delivered 
 his lectures on “New Japan” and “Buddha and Buddhism.” He visited 
 Madison on his way home and was one of the speakers at the. Monona 
 Lake Assembly in 1890. 
 
 “For some years after his return in 1890 he was Professor in the Waseda 
 University and lecturer in the Keiogijuku University, both private in- 
 stitutions in Tokio, and from 1894 to 1897 he was Professor in the Higher 
 Commercial College of the Japanese Government. In the latter year, he was 
 transferred to the Department of Foreign Affairs, and -served the Govern- 
 ment as one of the secretaries in the Bureau of Translation. In 1899 
 he was sent as the Commissioner of the Japanese Government of Formosa 
 to Persia, Turkey, India, China, and other Asiatic sea boards, to investi- 
 gate matters of interest to the Formosan Government. 
 
 “Starting from Taii>eh on May 15, 1899, and touching at Hongkong, 
 Singapore, and Colombo, he reached Bombay. Then he crossed the Ara' 
 bian Sea and the Persian Gulf, and, landing at Bushire, he traversed the 
 Persian Empire from the southern port to Resht near the Caspian Sea for 
 about a thousand miles on horseback. During his visit to Teheran, he was 
 honored with an audience with the Shah. Crossing the Caspian to Baku, 
 
5 
 
 lie traversed the Russian Trans-Caucasus to Batoum, thence sailing on the 
 Black Sea lie went to Constantinople. From the capital of the Sultan, 
 through the Sea of Marmora, and Strait of Dardanelles, he landed at 
 Smyrna on the Aegean. Spending some time in Konia, in the center of 
 Asia Minor, he mounted again, and made another thousand miles horse- 
 hack ride through the plateau of Western Anatolia, the valleys of the 
 Euphrates and Tigris, and the mountains of Northern Syria, touching at 
 Kaisarieh, Sivas, Malatia, Diarbekr and Aleppo. Embarking from Alex- 
 audretta. and viewing the beautiful coast of the Holy Land and calling at 
 such historic places as Mersina, Sidon, Tyre, Jaffa, lie reached Port Said. 
 Thence he made a short visit to Cairo, and ascended the great pyramid of 
 ofGhizeh, and entered its mysterious chambers. From Port Said, through 
 the Red Sea and the Indian Ocean, he came back to Bombay, whence lie 
 began his Indian travel. Visiting the matchless architectural remains of 
 the Moguls in Agra and sacred temples of Benares, he reached Calcutta. 
 From the capital of India, crossing the Bay of Bengal, he visited Rangoon 
 in Burma h and on his way home, calling at Swatow and Amoy on the 
 southeast coast of China, arrived at Taipeli on March 1, 1900. 
 
 “The period spent in traveling was 289 days; the distance traversed was 
 22,305 miles; the countries visited were Persia, Asiatic Turkey, Egypt, 
 India and a part of Burmali and of China. During his travels he scaled 
 the noted Khotals of Southern Persia, and crossed the Euphrates. Tigris, 
 Nile, Canges and Irawaady. The hardships and perils he experienced 
 were many ; once he was seized by a Turkish brigand ; at another time 
 pursued by a band of Arab marauders; in the Elburz mountains he was 
 caught in a trap of robbers ; at Malatia he fell a victim to malaria; at 
 Diarbekr he lay on a lonely bed of sickness. During all these trials lie 
 studied man, the different peoples of Asia, their political institutions, 
 their religions, their customs and manners, their commerce and trade, 
 their future.” 
 
 II. Comments on the Lectures, Already Delivered, by Professor Turner, 
 Professor Reinsch, and Professor Haskins, of the 
 University of Wisconsin. 
 
 Professor Frederick J. Turner in a letter addressed to Professor J. H. 
 Woodburn. of Indiana University, which is herein printed by permission, 
 said: 
 
 "My Dear Woodburn: 
 
 “Iyenaga has just given us two lectures on the Situation in the Far 
 East, under the auspices of the Department of Political Science, which 
 has a special lecture fuud at its disposal. Thesfe lectures have been at- 
 tended by large and interested audiences, and there is but one judgment 
 in the matter — they have been decidedly successful. Iyenaga has lost 
 none of the oratorical gifts with which you are familiar, and he has 
 
6 
 
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 gained much in maturity and careful observation. The presentation 
 which he gives of the situation in China is particularly valuable, coming 
 as it does from a Japanese, trained to use his eyes, and understand the 
 things in which Americans would be particularly interested. While 
 here he has gone carefully over the recent European literature on condi- 
 tions in the Orient, so that to his own observation and interest he has added 
 this fund of European information. 
 
 “While the lectures are thoroughly substantial, they are at the same 
 time sufficiently touched up by Iyenaga’s sense of humor and love of 
 the picturesque to make them go even with a more popular audience. We 
 hope to have one or two more lectures from him before he leaves us You 
 will make no mistake if you make a place for him on your program. 
 
 Cordially yours, 
 
 Frederick J. Turner.” 
 
 “ Madison , Jan. 30, 1902.” 
 
 Professor P. S. Reinsch, makes the following comments: 
 
 “Dr. T. Iyenaga has just given two lectures on Oriental Politics before 
 the students of the University of Wisconsin under the auspices of the 
 Department of Political Science. The opportunities for direct observa- 
 tion which Dr. Iyenaga has enjoyed had excited high expectations which 
 were more than realized by his clear presentation of Oriental affairs. 
 What made the lectures especially interesting to the audience was the 
 fact that the lecturer drew very largely on his own original knowledge of 
 the situation. Extended travel in the Orient, as well as his connection 
 with the Japanese administration, have certainly offered him unusual op- 
 portunities of judging Oriental affairs; his Western education has given 
 him the necessary detachment to view their outlines clearly and to mark 
 their cardinal features; his truly artistic temperament enables him to 
 avoid arid generalities and to present Oriental life in all the concreteness 
 and vividness of actual experience; while his rare command of the Eng- 
 lish language, and his vein of humor and satire make his lectures com- 
 pletely enjoyable. Altogether the writer may say that he has never 
 heard an Oriental scholar and speaker who could so clearly and pleas- 
 antly interpret the rich and fascinating life of the Orient to a Western 
 audience.” 
 
 Professor C. II. Haskins, Professor Elect of Harvard University, says: 
 
 “Dr. T Iyenaga has just completed two most successful lectures before 
 our students of llie University of Wisconsin upon the political situation in 
 in the Far East. Dr. h'enaga is entirely familiar with his subject, and 
 presents it in an interesting and effective manner. Having known him 
 for the past fifteen years, 1 can commend him cordially to those who may 
 wish to arrange for lectures in his field.’’ 
 
7 
 
 III. Professor R. T. Ely’s Recommendatory Letter and Professor 
 G. E. Vincent’s Words of Permission. 
 
 Professor R. T. Ely says: 
 
 "To Whom it May Concern: 
 
 ‘•It gives me pleasure to commend Dr. Iyenaga as a lecturer on Oriental 
 Topics. He has recently given lectures in Madison, which it was not my 
 privilege to hear. The reports of these lectures, however, which have 
 reached me, convince me that he achieved very marked success. 
 
 "Dr. Iyenaga belonged to my class in the Johns Hopkins University and 
 made a favorable impression upon me. I remember in particular an ora- 
 tion which he delivered, which produced a marked impression. Every one 
 was pleased, and it was the general opinion that he had oratorical gifts. 
 I have also heard very favorable reports of addresses which he delivered 
 ten years, or more, ago before Chautauqua assemblies. Since that time 
 he has had unusual opportunities for travel and observation in the Orient, 
 and I am sure that he is now even a better lecturer than he was when I 
 heard him. Richard T. Ely. ” 
 
 “February 4 , 1902.” 
 
 Professor G. E. Vincent of the University of Chicago, gives the lecturer 
 permission to say that those who are desirous to know more about him 
 may refer to the Professor, who is at the same time the Principal of In- 
 struction at Chautauqua Assembly, N. Y. 
 
 In case of illustrated lectures, the lantern, and the man who handles it 
 well, will have to be provided by the places which engage the lecturer. 
 And he would prefer to show the pictures after the lectures, for they are 
 likely to detract the attention of theaudience from the subject matterof the 
 lectures. The synopsis of the lectures can also be forwarded if desired. 
 The present address of the lecturer is 226 West Gilman street, Madison, 
 Wisconsin . 
 
 The lecturer adds with pleasure that he has received an invitation to 
 deliver some of his lectures before the University of Indiana. 
 
Travel in Persia, Turkey in Asia, India and Egypt. 
 
 
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