A CATALOGUE THE GEEEK COINS IX THE BRITISH MUSEUM. CATALOGUE OF TUi-J GREEK COINS OF CARIA, COS, RHODES, &C. BY BAKCLAY y. HEAD, D.C.L., Ph.D., ICmPUE OP THE DEPAETICEITT OF COIlfS AS"!) MEDALS. WITH ONE MAP AND FORTY FIVE AUTOTYPE PLATES. LONDON ; PRINTED BY ORDER OP THE TRUSTEES OP THE BRITISH MUSEUM. B. QUATUTCH, 16, Piccadilly, W. ; HENRY PROWDE, Oxford TTniversity Press Warehouse, Amen Corner, E.C. C. ROLLIN & FEUARDENT, 6, Bloomsbury St., W.C., and 4, Rue de Louvois, Paris ; A. ASHER & CO.; KEGAN PAUL, TRENCH, TRUBNER & CO. ; LONGMANS, GUEEN & CO. 1897. [_All rights reserved.] -CO LONDON ; PRINTED BX GILBERT AND KIVUTOTON, LD., ST. joen’s eodse, oleekenwell road, E,C. 73 7 37771 1 P E E F A C E. Tnfs volume of the Catalogue of the Greek Coins in the British Museum comprises the money of the South-Western regions of Asia Minor, anciently known as Caria, and of the adjacent islands^ Astypalaea^ Calymna^ Carpathos^ Cos^ Megiste, Nisjros, Rhodes, &c. The Map which accompanies the work is by Mr. B, V. Darbishire. In its physical features it is mainly based on Kiepert^s Formae Orbis antiquij 1894 (Map ix.) ; but, owing to the kindness of Mr. J. L. Myres, the results of his recent explorations in the country to the north of the Ceramic gulf have been placed at the disposal of Mr, Darbishire, and have enabled him to make som^ important modifications in these regions, and to mark correctly the sites of the towns of Caryanda, Telm-essus, and Chalcetor. The sites, as indicated on the map, of Bargasa, Euippe, Hyllarima, and ^styra {/cara 'P6Bov)y are more or less conjectural, I have not ventured to place on the map the positions of Euraliura, Callipolis, and Pyrnus, of which places there ai'O no coins in the British Museum. A few of the more remarkable and interesting coins not in the British Museum are figured on PI. XLV., among which, however, the tetradrachm of Cnidus (Fig, 7) has been added to the Collection since the Plate was printed. VI PREFACE. The size of the coins is given in inches and tenths, and the weight of all gold and silver coins in Eng. Troy grs. Tables for converting grains into grammes, as well as into the measures of Mionnet^s scale, are placed at the end of the volume. In the revision of the work, I have received material assistance from Mr. Warwick Wroth and Mr, G. P. Hill, Assistants in the Department of Coins and Medals. BARCLAY V. HEAD. British Museum. July^ 1896 . CONTENTS. 3?rei*ace Introduction .......... § I. Geographical limits of Caria § IL Ndmismatig History of the Greek and Carian towns OF South-Western Asia Minor ..... Alabanda ......... Ho coinage before b.c. 197 ...... Name changed to Antiochia ...... Eesumption of its original name, circ. b.c. 189 Alexandrine tetradracbms struck at Alabanda Cultns of ^Roma^ and games in her honour from B.c. 170 Probable cessation of coinage between B.c. 133 and Imperial times ... ..... Imperial coinage, Augustus— Philip and Otacilia . Alinda . ........ Strong fortress in the district called Hidrias . Ceded by Ada to Alexander ...... Coinage of the 2nd cent. B.c. Imperial coinage, Augustus to Caracalla and Plautilla . Amyzon .......... Site, H.W. of Alinda Coinage probably belongs to the Imperial period Antiochia ad Maeandrum ...... Probably founded by Antiochus Soter . . . . Alexandrine tetradrachms &c., before B.c. 168 Autonomous coinage after b.o. 168 , . , , Early Imperial coins struck in the name of the %wap)(ia PAGE V XXV XXV. xxvi XX vi xxvii xx^ni xxviii xxviii xxix xxix xxix XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX xxxi xxxi xxxi xxxi xxxi xxxi xxxi xxxii via CONTENTS. PACE Aphrodisias and Flarasa ....... xxxiii Eights of IktvOepia and drcXcta conferred upon it b.o. 39 — 35 . . . . . . . . . xxxiii Silver drachms of the time of Augustus tariflPed as equivalent to Eonian denarii ..... xxxiv Bronze coins, Augustus to Gallienus .... xxxiv Titles of magistrates. Dedicatory issues. Agonistic festivals, &c. ........ xxxv Famous temple of Aphrodite . ..... xxxvi Apollonia Salhace ........ xxxvd Doubtful attribution of coins with Maeander symbol . xxxvi Eeverse type, Sabazios or Amazon ? . . . . xxxvii List of strategi of Apollonia ...... xxxA-ii A styra . . • . . . . , . * . xxxvii i Probable site on the mainland opposite Ehodos . . xxx\dii Coinage before and after the foundation of Ehodus (b.c. 408) ........ xxxix Atiuda .......... xxxix Site and limits of its territory ..... xxxix Second or first century silver drachms .... xl Imperial coinage ........ xl Cultus of Men Karou at Attuda ..... xli Use of Std in place of IttI before magistrates^ names peculiar to a small group of towns in U.E. Caria. . xli Titles of magistrates, Ylos ttoAcws, Tepeta, Asiarch . . xlii Bargasa .......... xlii Site still doubtful ........ xlii Coins exclusively Imperial ...... xlii Bargylia xlii Euins on the southern shore of the gulf of Bargylia . xlii FTo inscribed coins known earlier than the 1st cent. b.c. . xliii Temple of Artemis Kindyas ...... xliii Callipolis ......... xliii Probably situate on the S. coast ..... xliii Bronze coins of the 2nd or 1st century b.c. . , . xliii CONTENTS. Garyanda ......... Discovery of site near Telmessus . . . . . Small bronze coins of the 4th cent. B.c. CaunuB .......... Importantmaval station Archaic staters probably struck at Caunus A possession of the Ptolemies from b.c. 309 , Purchased by the Ehodians, circ. B.c. 189 Revolts from Rhodes, b.c. 167 Coinage ........ Ceramus . ... Situation ^ • An important member of the Chrysaorean Confederacy Old road from Ceramus to Stratonicea through Panamara Silver and bronze 2nd or 1st century coins, similar to those of Stratonicea Types on Imperial coins of Zeus Chrysaoreus and of Zeus Stratios or Labraundos . . . . , Clialcetori}) Site fixed at Kara-lcoyoun ...... Small bronze coins, either of Chalcetor or of the island of Chalce ........ Ohersonesus ......... The Kotvov Xepo-ovacrtW as distinct from Cnidus, separately assessed in Athenian Tribute Lists .... Coins anterior to B.c, 500, of the Aeginetic Standard , Cidramus Probably situate near the Lydian and Phrygian frontiers S. of the Maeander ....... Cultus of Zeus Lydios ....... Imperial coinage, Augustus to Julia Maesa, Magistrates' names preceded by Sta ...... Family of Seleucus, Polemo, Pamphilus, &c. , b ix P^GB xliii sdiii xliii xliii xliv xliv xliv xliv xliv xliv xlv xlv xlv xlv xlv xlv xlv xlv xlv xlvi xlvi xlvi xlvi xlvi xlvi xlvii xlvii X CONTEXTS. PAGE Qnidus .... ...... xlvii Member of the Dorian Hesapolis . . , . . xlvii ^ B.c. 700-650. Stater with very archaic head of Aphro- dite (PI. xiii. 7) xlvii B.c. 650-480. Series of drachms and smaller divisions of Aeginetic weight. Forepart of Lion, sym- bol of the Triopian Apollo. Rev., Archaic head of Aphrodite in incuse square (PL xiii. 8-13, PI. siv. 1-4) . . . . . . . . . xlviii 0 B.c. 480-412. Cessation of coinage during the Athenian hegemony xlix B.c. 412-400. Revolt from Athens .... xlix Cnidus again strikes drachms (PI, xiv. 5) , . xlix B.c. 400-390. Adoption of the Rhodian Standard, 4 Dr., 2 Dr., 1 Dr. (PL xiv. 6-8), and Federal 3 Dr., in- scribed 5YN, in alliance with Ephesus, lasus, Samos and Rhodes (PL xiv. 9), with head of Aphrodite ^irjrXoia xlix B.C. 390-300. Renewed activity of the Gaidian mint, 4 Drs., Drs., &c. (PL xv. 1-8, and Montagu Sale Cat, PI. viii. 599) xlix Heads of Aphrodite, doubtful copies of that of the famous statue by Praxiteles . . . . , 1 B.c. 300-190. Five beautiful 4 Drs. assigned to this period j of which two are figured PL xiv. 7, 8, and numerous Drachms, (fee,, PL xv. 9-13. First issue of Bronze coins, PL xv. 14-19. Active trade with Egypt ' . . . . 1 B.c. 190-167. Assimilation of the Cnidian coinage to that of Rhodes (PL xvi, 1) .... . li Issue during this period of Alexandrine 4 Drs. (Muller, nos, 1151-2) li After B.c. 167. Cessation of silver coinage at Cnidus, and remarkable decrease during the 1st cent. b.c. of bronze issues li Fxtreme rarity of Imperial coinage .... h OONTENTS. PAGE Oys. Site fixed at Beli-Pouli ...... lii Small autonomous bronze coins of Roman times. Inscr. KY, KYI, KYITX2N and [KJYEIXnN. {Hist, Hin.) p. 52d) ........ lii Buippe .......... lii Site not ascertained, but probably near Alabanda . . lii Rare bronze coins of 2nd or 1st cent, b.c., and of Imperial times (Pi. xvii. 1, 2) ...... lii Buralium, Identified by Borrell {Num, QJiron.^ ix. 151) with the Uranium of Pliny. Coin of Caracal la read- ing €YPAA€I1N(?) of doubtful attribution . . liii Euromus ......... liii Site fixed at AyaMi, near Mylasa .... liii Local cult of Zeus Euromeus ..... Hii Bronze coins from 2nd cent. b.c. to Imperial times . liii Gordiuteichos ......... liii Site probably at Karasu^ near Aphrodisias ... liii Rare bronze coins of the 2nd cent. b.c. (PI. xvii. 9) . liii Halicarnassus ......... Hv Scanty coinage before the time of Mausolus, b.c. 367 , liv* Residence of the Satraps of Caria ..... Hv Destroyed by Alexander ...... Iv Rebuilt in the 3rd cent. b.c. while under Ptolemaic rule. (B ronze coins, PI. xviii. 9-10) . . . . . iv B.c. 188-166 and later. Drachms of the Rhodian type, &c. (PI. xviii. 14-16) ...... Iv Imperial times. Halicarnassus almost deserted , . Iv Harpasa .......... Ivi Coinage almost wholly of Imperial times ... Ivi The title ' Ap^^larpos « . < * • . • ■ Ivi Heraclea Salhace ........ Ivi Site fixed at Makuf,- at the foot of Mt. Salbacus, and overlooking the plain of Tabae ..... Ivi CONTENTS, XU PAGE Its territory bounded on the W. by the E, Timeles * Iri Imperial coinage. Eemarkable types , . . . Ivii Hydisus , , . . . * . . . . . Iviii Correct form of name ....... Iviii Bronze coins of the 1st cent. B.c. ..... Iviii HijlJarima ......... Iviii Uncertainty as to site ....... Iviii Bronze of early Imperial times ..... Iviii lasus .......... lix Site opposite Bargyiia, on the northern shore of the gulf lix Tetradrachm struck there by Tissaphernes (^Gat, Ionia, PL xxxi. 6); probably in b.c, 395 .... lix B.C. 394-390. Federal coinage in alliance with Ephesus^ Samos, Cnidus, and Ehodus ..... lx B.c. 390-250. IS'o coinage in this period ... lx B.c. 250-190. Drachms (82 grs.). Origin of the type of Hermias and the Dolphin ..... lx B.c. 190-168. lasus under Ehodian dominion. Cessa- tion of coinage till Imperial times .... Ixi Principal coin types ....... Ixi ddy fna 1 yi Site at the head of the Ceramic gulf .... Ixi Archaic drachms of Aeginetic weight probably struck at Idyma ......... Ixii B.c. 437-400. Drachms of the Phoenician standard (PI. xxi. 8-9) ........ Ixii After B.c. 400. Drachms of later style (PL xxi. 10) . Ixii Mylasd .......... bdi Strabo’s description of its site ..... Ixii Chief city of Caria under Hecatomnus .... Ixii Temples of Zeus Osogoa Zeus Stratios or Labraundos ........ Ixiii B.c, 314. Bronze, perhaps struck at Mylasa by Eupolo- mus, General of Cassander (PI. xxxi. H) . . . Ixiii CONTENTS. Xlll PAGE After B.c. 190. Alexandrine tetradrachms and gold Philippi, struck at Hylasa ...... Ixiil Imperial coinage ........ Ixiv Medallions of Asia . ...... Ixiv MynduB Ixiv Site identified hy Leake at GumisliU .... Ixiv Circ, B.c. 190. Unique tetradracbm in the Hague collection (PL xlv. 9) . . .... Ixiv 2nd and 1st cent. b.c. Series of drachms, &c., of Attic weight with numerous Magistrates’ names in nomina- tive case . . . . . . . . Ixiv Imperial coins down to Sept. Severus .... Ixv Nea;polis Myncliorum{V) ....... Ixv Site uncertain, hut near Myndus ..... Ixv Unique bronze coin of the 2nd or 1st cent. b.c. , . Ixv HJeapoUs ad Harpasum ....... Ixv Site fixed at Ineholij in the lower valley of the Harpasus Ixv Prevalent confusion between coins of this city and those of Neapolis Aurelia in Ionia ..... Ixv Imperial coinage, Gordian to Yolusian .... Ixvi Ortho&ia Ixvii Site fixed at Ortas by Kubitschek and Eeichel , . Ixvii Bronze coins from the 3rd cent, b.c., with Magistrates’ names, and Imperial without them .... Ixvii SehastopoUs Ixvii Site fixed at Kizilje ....... Ixvii Imperial coinage from time of Vespasian to that of Sept. Severus Ixvii S i ratouicea ......... l-y imi . A Macedonian settlement. Site fixed at Msld-Kissar . Ixviii Temples in the Stratonicean territory, of Hekate at Lagina, of Zeus Chrysaoreus or Karios near the city^ and of Zeus Panamaros at Panamara .... Ixviii XIY CONTENTS. PAGE B.o. 189-168. Coins of the Alexaiidjine type • , Ixix After B.c. 168. Stratonicea a free city . . . . Ixix Autonomous liemidrachms, &c., of Rhodian weight . Ixix B.c. 88-84. Stratonicea faithful to Rome during the Mithradatic war . . . . , , . Ixx Proedom confirmed B.o. 81 . . . . . . Ixx After B.c. 81. Silver and bronze coins: — Stater or Ti’idrachm (166 grs.) ; Drachm 52*3 grs, (PI. xxiii. 17), and bronze coins ...... Ixx Resists Labienus b.o. 40 . . . . . . Ixxi Ancient rights confirmed by Decrees of the Senate, B.o. 39 and a.d. 22 ...... . Ixxi Silver coins of Imperial times (PI. xxiv. 1, 5) . . Ixxi Prevalent types {M> and jE), Zeus Panamaros on horse- back, and Hekate ....... Ixxii Coins reading INAI, INA€I, &c., wrongly attributed to Stratonicea in Caria . . . . . . Ixxii Countermark 0€OY on large bronze coins , . . Ixxiii Syangela f • Ixxiv Site near Halicarnassus ... ... Ixxiv Dcubtful attribution of coins assigned to it , . . Ixxiv Tabae ........... Ixxiv Site at the modern Davos ...... Ixxiv Rewarded for fidelity to Rome during the Mithradatic war (efre. b.c. 82) ....... Ixxv Silver drachm and bronze of this time .... Ixxvi Imperial times. Re-commencement of a silver coinage, which lasted probably from eirc, b.c. 39 to Nero's time ......... Ixxvi M' agistrates ......... Ixxvii Chief types . . . . ^ . Ixxvii Telmessus ......... Ixxvii Site near Halicarnassus ...... Ixxvii Coins sometimes assigned to it belong to Telmessus in Ly cia . ........ Ixxvn CONTEXTS. XV PAGE Termera Ixxvii \/ Site west of Halicarnassus ...... Ixxvii \j Governed by TymneSj circ. b.o. 500 .... Ixxvii ,, Histiaeus, circ. b.o. 480 . . . . Ixxvii V „ Tymnes II. (?)_, before b.C. 450 . . . Ixxviii Silver coin of Tymnes II., of Persic weight (PI. xxvii. 2) Ixxviii Cessation of coinage under Athenian dominion . . Ixxviii B.C. 367. Absorption in Halicarnassus .... Ixxviii TrapezopoUs Ixxviii Site on the northern slopes of Mt. Salbacus . . . Ixxviii Coinage wholly of Imperial times ..... Ixxviii Piincipal types ........ Ixxix Alliance with Attuda .... ... Ixxix § HI. Satraps op Caria ; — Hecatomnus, circ. b.C. 395-377 . . . . . . Ixxxi Mausolus, B.C. 377-353 ....... Ixxxi B.C. 367 ? Synoiliismos of Halicarnassus . . . Ixxxi Artemisia, b.c. 353 351 ....... I xxxi ii Hidrieus, b.c. 351-344 Lxxxiii Ada, B.c. 344-340 lxxxiii Pixodarus, B.c. 340-334 lxxxiii Orontobates, b.c. 334-333 Ixxxiv § lY, Islands of Caria : — AstypaJaea Ixxxv Bronze coins from the 3rd cent. B.C. . . . . Ixxxv Alexandrine gold staters and tetradrachms struck at Astypalaea Ixxxvi B.c. 105. Constituted a Civitas Poederata . . . Ixxxvi Calymna B.c, 600-550. Archaic silver staters (PI. xxix. 8) . Plentiful silver coinage in the 3rd cent, b.c Garpathos ..... Archaic coins of f*-"' * ^ , Ixxxvi . Ixxxvi . Ixxxvii . Ixxxviii . IxxxAuii XVI CONTENTS. Glialce or Chalcia . , Saiall bronze coins usually assigned to this island de- scribed under Chalcetor (p. 79) . '\j Cos ........... 7th cent. b.c. Small electrum and silver coins (Stater and Diobol, PL xxx. 1, 2) of Aeginetic weight . V The Crab as a symbol of Herakles ..... V 5th cent. B.c. Tetradrachms of Attic weight. The Discobolus an agonistic type connected with the Triopian games (PL xxx. 3-5) . . . . . B.c. 366. Foundation of the new city of Cos at the eastern end of the island ...... Coinage after B.C. 366 on the Ehodian (reduced Attic) standard (PL xxx. 6-15), with names of the eponymous magistrates ....... B.c. 300-190. Coins characterized by the Lysippean style of the head of Herakles ...... B.C. 190-166. Tetradrachms of the Alexandrine type of Attic weight. Smaller denominations of the Rhodian standard (PL xxxi. 13-16) . Archaic form KIllON replaced by KHIUN B.C. 166-88. Tetradrachm of Attic weight in the Hunter Collection (PL xlv. 6) ..... . Introduction of Asklepian types Restoration of tlie incuse square on the drachms, &c. (Pi. xxxii. 1-5) ........ Magistrates’ names perhaps those of the npoorTarat Initial letters of the ofiScinae of the mint “I . . . B.c. 88-50. Silver coins without incuse square, and bronze (PL xxxii. 7-12) . B.c. 50. Time of Augustus. Bronze coins bearing portrait of the tyrant Hikias (PL xxxii. 13) . Imperial times. Bronze coins ranging from the time of Augustus to that of Philip. Remarkable types . PA GB Ixxxix Ixxxix IxxxiY Ixxxix xc xci xci xciii xciv xcv xcv xcv xcv xcvi xcvi xcvi xcvii xcvii xcviii CONl'ENrS, XVll Megiste Autonomous silver and bronze coins of Rhodian types (PL xxxiv. 1-3) ........ The island probably attached to Lj^-cia after b.c. 10 G Nisyros .......... Autonomous silver and bronze of the latter half of the 4th cent. b.c. ....... Rliorles .......... d Lindas, lalysus, and Camiriis . . . . . \j 6th and 5th century coinages . . . . . B.c. 408. Foundation of Rhodus . . . . .- Coin-types ......... B.c. 408-333. Coinage falls into three groups ; (i.) Tetradrachms of light Attic wt., 260 gis. (PL xxxvi. 1 and xlv. 1); (ii.) Federal Tridrachms of Rliotlian vd., in alliance with Ephesus, SamObj fas us and Cnidus (PL xlv. 2) ; (iii.) Tetradrachms, &c., of the Rh )dian standard (240 grs.) (PL xxxvi. 6, 7) . Origin of the Rhodian standard . . . . . Gold coinage of the 4th cent. b.c. . . . . . Classification of the various series of silver coins . Re-introduction of the incuse square in the 2nd cent. b.c. Later drachms, with head of Helios in profile . b.c. 189. Re-organization of Asia, and restoration of the Alexandrine tetradrachm ...... Re-issue of gold Philippi in the 2nd cent. b.c. Rhodes deprived of her possessions on the mainland Monetary refoims after b.c. 166 The Drachm raised in weight . . . . . B.c. 87-84. Rhodes faithful to Rome during the Mithra- datic War . Restoration of the Peraea to Rhoilcs . . , . Latest Rhodian silver coins ...... 0 Valuations of the Rhodian drachm in Roman money Silver drachms superseded by large bronze coins PAGE xcviii xenii xcviii xcviii xeix c c c cii cii ciii civ civ CAU cyi cv\i cviii cix cix cx cxi cxii cxii cxii cxiii XVIU CONTENTS. PAOE Indefinite use of the term ‘ Drachm ’ . . . . cxiv Date of the introduction of heavy hronze money . . cxv Policy of Rhodes during the civil war between Pompey and Caesar . . . . . . . . cxv Capture of the city by Cassius ..... cxvi B.c. 43. His extortions ...... cxvi B.c. 42. Pinal ruin of Rhodian commerce . . , cxvi Rhodian coinage under the Empire .... cxvi Magistrates in autonomous and Imperial times . . cxvi ■ Adjunct symbols ........ cxvii Final reduction of the Rhodian bronze coinage . . cxvii Syme. (See Syangela) ....... cx^^i* Telos. Bronze coins of the 4th cent. B.c., published by Tmhoof-Blumer ....... cxviii CATALOGUE OF COINS:— Caria : Alabanda ........ 1 Alinda .......... 10 Amyzon ........ 13 Antiochia ad Maeandrum . . . . . 14 Aphrodisias and Plarasa • 25 Aphrodisias .... .... , 28 Aphrodisias with Ephesus . . . , . 53 Aphrodisias with Antiochia . , . . 53 Apollonia Salbace ....... 54 Astyra 59 Attrrda . . . . . . ... . C2 Bargasa 70 Bargylia ........ 7 1 Caunus \ , 74 Ceramus ........ 77 Chalcetor (?) 79 Chersonesus Cnidia ...... 80 Cidramus ........ 81 Cnidus ......... 84 CONTENTS. XIX Euippe . . .... Euronms ..... Gordiuteichos .... Halicarnassus .... Halicarnassus with Samos Halicarnassus with Cos . Harpasa ..... Heraclea Salbace .... Hydisus . . Hyllarinia . , . • . lasus ...... Tdyma ..... Mylasa ...... Myndus ..... Heapolis Myndiorum (1) , Heapolis ad Harpasum . Orthosia ..... Plarasa (see Aphrodisias). Sebastopolis ..... Stratonicea ..... X*abae ...... Termera ..... Trapezopolis Satraps of Caria : Hecatomnus ..... Mausolus ..... Hidrieus ..... Pixodarus . . . . ■ PAGE 98 99 101 102 112 112 113 116 122 123 121 127 128 131 140 141 143 146 117 160 176 177 180 181 183 181 Islands of Caria : Astypalaea . Calymna Carpathos (Posidium) Cos Megiste Hisyros 186 188 192 193 221 222 XX U0XTENT3. 1’A(;E Rluxles : Cauiirus . . . . . . . . 223 lalysiis . . . • . . . . . 226 Liiulus ........ 228 RhoJus ........ 230 ArrENMJx . . . . . . . . . 271 Alabamla . . . . . , . . 271 Aphrodifias and PJara.^^a . . . . . 271 Cnidus . . . . . . . . . 272 Cos ......... 272 Rhodus ........ 272 I. Geographical ........ 275 ir. Types ......... 277 nr. Symbols and Countermarks ..... 293 IV. A. Kings and Rulers ...... 297 n. I\Iagistrate3’ Karnes on Auionomous Coins . . 298 c. Magistrates’ Karnes on Imperial Coins . . . 308 V. Roman Magistrates’ Karnes . . . . . 317 VI. Engravers’ Kamos ....... 317 VII. Remarkable Inscriptions ..... 318 Table for converting English Inches into Millimetres and the jMeasiires of Mionnet’s Scale ...... 323 Tables of the Relative Weights of Englisli Grains and French Grammes 324 LIST OF PLATES. I. Alabanda. IT. Alabanda, Alinda. III. Amy zoo, Antiochia ad Macanduim. Y. Anfciocliia ad Maeandmm. Y. Aphrodisias and Plarasa. YI. Aphrodisias. YII. Aphrodisias. Ylir. Aphrodisias. IX. Apollonia-Salbace. X. Astyra, Attuda. XI. Attuda, 13argasa, Bargylia. XII. Caunus, Ceramus. XIII, Chersonesus, Cidraraos, Cnidus. XIY. Cnidus. XY. Cnidus. XVI. Cnidus. XYJI. Euipp)e, Euromus, Grordiuteichos. XYIIL Halicarnassus. XIX. Halicarnassus, Harpasa, Heraclea-Salbace. XX. Heraclea Salbace, Hydisus, Hyllarima. XXI. lasus, Idyma, Mylasa, XXII. Mylasa, Myndus. XXIII. Ncapolis Myndiorum (?), Ncapolis ad Harpasum, Orihosia, iSebastopolis, Stratonicea. XXIY. Stratonicea. XXY. Tabae. XXVI. Tabae. XXVII. Termera, Trapezopolis. XXI I LIST OF 1>LATES XXVII r. Satraps of Caria. XXIX. Astypalaea, Calymna, Carpatlios. XXX,— XXXIII. Cos. XXXIV. Megiste, Xisyros, Camirus. XXXV, lalysus, Lindus. XXXVI.— XLIIL Ehodus. ' XLIV. Caria. Alliance Coins. . XLV. Coins not in the British Museum, ^Fap of C.vriA; Ac. TEOS -SfDRAkHJS? lERAPOLIS r .A''-b 'NYSA ATTUDA ORTHQSI/i 'BAPteX' lARPASi GORQl KPHRODISIA! p PLARASAJ s^MYZON mETUS ALINOj lYDISUS POUS HtUARIMA BARGYLI Nearthis also Neapoh'a Myndrorunr ’■CKMYNOy% SYANGELA TERMEI tttSTYt^, CNID NISYROS PALAEA TELOS RHOOUS lALYSUS CAMIRUS, CHALCE MIGISTE ^LINDUS The Towns of Caria and the adjacent Islaiids are in Red letters. Scale 1 ‘ 1 000 000 (15*78 miles =lirvch) B.VJiathiahir^ del. 1896. \fagnevi. Debes' 6e«(Leipsic. GEEEK COINAGE OF CAEIA AND THE ADJACENT ISLANDS. 1 ^ I INTEODUCTION. § I. — Geographical Limits op Caria. The geographical limits assigned to Caria in the present volume correspond with those which have been adopted by Prof. W. M. Ramsay in his recent work The Cities and Bishoprics of Phrygia, (Oxford^ 1895) . The northern boundaiy is the course of the Maeander ; the eastern that of its tributary stream the Gaprus^ the north-eastern spurs of the Salbacus range^ and^ lastly, the river Indus from its source to the sea. The towns of Trapezopolis^ Attuda, and Cidramus^ all situate on the northern lower slopes of the Salbacus^ are thus included in Oaria^ and not in Phrygia^ while those of Tralles, Nysa, Mastaura, Briula, &c., which lay north of the Maeander, will be dealt with in the volume describing the coinage of Lydia. In Caria, properly so called, that is to say in the inland districts, there was no coinage whatever before Alexander’s conquest ; and, on the coast, Cnidus and Chersonesus, Idyma, Termera, and Astyra were the only mints before the commencement of the fine series of coins of the Hecatomnid dynasty. In the Greek islands, on the other hand, Calymna, Cos, Rhodes, &c., silver coins were in general use from very early times. d XXVI INTRODUCTION. Speaking generally, it may be said that coined money did not * come into common use as a medium of exchange in the towns and village communities of Central Oaria until long after the age of Alexander the Great, The second century b.c,, from the date of the victory of the Romans over Antiochus in b.c. 189, marks the beginning of a new state of things, and a rapid development of commercial activity accompanied by the introduction of autonomous coinages at all the principal centres of population. The quasi-regal issues of Alexandrine tetradrachms and of imitations of the gold Philipp us were in the second and first centuries superseded by autonomous municipal silyer coinages, some of which, e.g, those of Stratonicea, Tabae, &c., survived into early Imperial times. As a rule, however, the coinage, in Caria as elsewhere, from Augustus to Gallienus, was restricted to bronze. For convenience of reference an alphabetical order has been followed in the Introduction as in the text, and under each city a sketch is given of its numismatic history. § II. — Numismatic History of the Greek and Carian Towns oe S.W. Asia Minor. Alabanda was an ancient Carian town, said to have been founded by Kar, and named after Alabandos, his son, by Kallirrhoe, daughter of Maeandros. The name is thought by Steph, Byz.* * * § to be the Carian equivalent of iirnroviKo^ or eiiiTTTTO^.t Another tradition makes Alabandos a son of Euippos.J The town was situate on the Marsyas about twenty miles south of its confluence with the Maeander at the modern ArahSissar,^ * s.'v, 'AXaj3avSa, t Cf. Cic., Nat, dear,, 3, 15, 9. X Steph. Bj-z., l,€. Euippos was the eponymous hero of the Carian EuiVttj?. § AYaddington, Mi??,, 40. GREEK. AND CARIAN TOWNS. KXVU No coins appear to Jaave been struck at Alabanda before the beginning of the second century b.c., when it is mentioned among the allies of Rome in tlie war against Philip V of Macedon^ circ, B.c. 197.* * * § In this same year Antiochus after haying made himself master of Ephesus, proceeded to plant colonies in various •towns of Asia Minor, and in his honour these towns adopted for a time the name of Antioch. Among them was doubtless Alabanda, ■which bore the name of Antiochia for a short period between • B.c. 197 and the defeat of Antiochus at the battle of Magnesia in B.c. 190. t For the tetradrachms of Alabanda, reading AAABANAEIIN, struck immediately before the change of the name, see Mionnet, iii., 305, nos. 4-7. Of these earliest issues of Alabanda there is as yet but one specimen in the British Museum (p. 271, no. 1). They bear the names of the local magistrates (according to Babelon, Mel., i., p. 9, of the arparojyol iirl A I OPEN HZ, MHNO- AOTOZ, AHMHTPIOZ, [l]ZOKPATHZ,f MENEKAHZ, and MENEZOEYZ.§ Of these magistrates, the last four, Deme- trius, Isokrates, Menekles, and Menestheus, would seem to have held office during the year in which the city first received its new name of Antiochia, for they re-appear in the list of magistrates* names on the coins reading ANTIOXEIIN. || * Polyb., xvi. 24. t Babelon, Melanges Nzim., i. 7. t This name is misread ZOKPAXHZ by Mionnet, and ZX2KPAXHZ by Bubelon. § Mionnet also gives the name of TIMOKAHZ, bnt although this name occurs on coins reading ANTIOXEHN, there is no sufficient evidence that it also occurs on coins with the legend AAABAN AEHN. j| The list of names on the coins of Alabanda with the ethnic ANTIOXEUfSl is, so far as I have been able to complete it, as follows : — Tetradraclims : — APIISTEYS (Hunter, p. 26, no. 1), AHMSHTPIOX (Wadd., Mil., ii., pi. i. 6), IXOKPATHZ (B.ib., 2Iel„ i., p. 14), XXVUl INTRODUCTION. The fact that the silver coins of Alabanda reading ANTIOXEIIN are at present more commonly met with than those reading AAA- BANAEflN is probably only due to chance. After the defeat of Antiochus at the battle of Magnesia, b.c. 190, Alabanda resumed its original name. The subsequent coinage consists partly of Alexandrine tetra- draohms* bearing the dates (?) A — 31 (1-15), and partly of tri- drachms, didrachms, and octobols, of the Ehodian Standard bear- ing the following dates (?) and the legend AAABANAEflN ; — L. A (yr. 1), 177 grs. (Bab., Mel.y L, p. 12 ) ; lA (yr. 11), 175‘4 grs. (B. M., infra, p. 2) ; 31 and l€ (yr. 15), 113 grs. (B.M., infra, p. 3), 110 grs. (Bab., MeL, i., p. 12) ; KA (yr. 21), 187*5 grs. (Bab., Mel,, i., p. 11) ; no date, 74*8 grs. (B. M., infra, p. 3) ; and M with name riAMHZ * and to the series of bronze coins specimens bearing the names of AlONYZIOZ.t AYKHN, OEOEE, MENICKOY, and EPMOrE4 The earliest coins of the Imperial period (Augustus) were issued by the authority of the entire college of magistrates comprising in all probability members of the ArjiioSi BcyX-q^ and Tepovaia^ under the presidency of the eponymous magistrate, whose name appears in the genitive case, e.g. EYNAPXIA ANTIOXEnN, APAAOY or HAinNIOY. The term Svvapxta is not met with on the coins of any other city, though it occurs in inscriptions. § A coin of Augustus, Rev, head of Tiberius, published by Imhoof Blumer,|| with the names X€PXHC €Vr€N€T(OP ATTOAAO- AOTOD, may be an instance of the custom of polyonymy which Waddingtonlf notices as prevalent at Aphrodisias; or, with greater probability, it may record the names of the three principal magi- strates of the Synarchy. (Of. coins of Plarasa and Aphrodisias with three names.) After the time of Augustus, the only magistrate's name which I have met with on coins of Antioch is that of KA-ATAAOY 4>POVri (01. Aglaus Frugi) on coins of Domitian, accompanied by the title impbe\ri\Trj^~\ (concerning which see Head, Sist. Num,^ Introd., Ixvii.).** In addition to the long list of divinities, whose busts or figures are described in the text of the Oatalogue, Mionnet (iii., 314, no. 62) records a specimen reading Z€VC OAYMniOC; but I * Zeit.f, Num.y xii., PI. xiii. 3. f Z.f. iV., xii., 322, J Imhoof, Mon, Gr.y 304 § Dittenbei’ger, 165, 33 ; 218, 1 ; 132, 20 ; 234, 2, 8. II Gr. 662. ^ As, Min,, 44 ** In Sist, p. 520, I have also cited the titles APX[X2N] and rP[AMMATEYC] on insufficient evidence. aR^lEE AND CAEIAN TOWNS. XXXUl suspect that this is a misreading of Sestini^s (Desc. Num. Vet.^ 367) for Z€YC BOYAAIOC. Among the types of the Imperial coins that of Z€YC KATT€Tf2AIOC (PL iv. 4) and the representation of the Bridge over the Maeandor (PL iv. 7) are among the most noteworthy. Aphrodisias stood on a spur of Mount Salbacus about 1600 feet a-DTT'Dn'nTc.TAc ^bove the river Morsynus near its source^ some 20 AJrilxCUDlSlAS* miles S.E. of Antiochia, A few miles to the east of the town the little river Timeles, an affluent of the Harpasus, took its rise. Personifications of both these streams (the Morsynus and the Timeles) occur on coins of the Imperial age.* Although according to Steph. Byz. {s,o. MejdXr] it was an ancient city, it does not seem to have coined much money before the latter part of the first century b.g. Its first impox*tant issue consists of silver drachms and bronze struck in conjunction with the town of Plarasa, which was probably situate also on the river Morsynus, in the immediate neighbourhood of Aphrodisias. The two places formed in fact one community, upon which the rights of iXevdepla and dreketa were conferred by a Senatusconsultum in the time of M. Antony, B.c. 39-35, f and this event may have been the occasion of the coinage of silver in the joint names of the two united municipalities. At an earlier period (3rd or 2nd cent, b.c.) according to Imhoof- Blumer,f Plarasa seems to have struck some bronze coins inde- pendently of Aphrodisias. The only known specimen of this coinage bears a single magistrate’s name, [A]AMONIKOZ. Im- * The coins with the legend X!M€AHC belong, according to "Waddington, to the age of the Antoniues. Eamsaj {G. B. p. 189) remarks that they com- memorate the introduction of the water of the Timeles into Aphrodisias by means of an aqueduct constructed at the expense of Karminios Claudianus, the second of that name. Boeckh, C. L G., 2737, 2845. + Gr. M., 663. e XXXIV INTRODUCTION. hoof (Z.c.) also describes a bronze coin of the autonomous class struck in the name of Aphrodisias alone^ and another specimen with different types is described in the present volume (p. 25, no. 5, PL V. 4). The silver issue of Plarasa and Aphrodisias can hardly have lasted much beyond the reign of Augustus, for all the known specimens are very uniform in style. About 17 varieties have been published. Of these one bears a single name in the nomina- tive case, EENOKPATHZ*; ten have a name in the nominative followed by a patronymic in the genitive ; three give also the name of the grandfather as well as that of the father of the magistrate ; and the remaining three bear the names of three magistrates all in the nominative case. One very remarkable specimen, published for the first time in the present work (p. 26, no. 6, PI. v. 5), supplies, in addition, the oflS.cial title of the magistrate, a title as yet unrecorded on any other coin. Two specimens (Imhoof, Mon, Gr. 305 and Gr. ilf. 663), the latter now in the British Museum (infra^ p. 271), bear the sign (^) of the denarius, whence it may be inferred that these silver pieces, although of light weight (55 grs.), were tariffed as equivalent to Roman denarii.f From the time of Augustus down to the reign of Gallienus the coinage consists of bronze only, and the name of Plarasa no longer appears. The magistrates^ names are ^AiroXkoavLo^y in the reign * Imh., Mon, Gr., 306. t Oil the silver drachms of Plarasa and Aphrodisias I have noted the following magistrate’s names in addition to those described in the text: ANAPX2N 4>ANIOY (Mion., iii., 321, 101); MHNOAOTOZ ATEAAOY (Imhoof, Mon, gr., 306), APX> 2X1- XH* (Imhoof, l.c,), .=.€NOKPAXH2 (Imhoof, I.C.), EENOKPATHZ EENOKPATOY (Imhoof, l.c.), H<|)AIZTinN XAPIZENOY (Imhoof, Z.c), lAZflN ZKYMNOY, riYOIHN nOAYKPATOY (Mion., iii., 322, 104, incompletely read by M.), YYIKAHZ ^ AAPAZTOY (Imhoof, lx .). Concerning Hypsikles Adrasli f. see G. I. G., 2752, and Bull, Corr. Hell., xiv., 612. GREEK AKD CARIAN TOWNS. XXXV of Augustus^* who is distinguished by the title Tlo^ ^A(j)poSLo-i.€Q)v ; T. KX. Z7]Xo-^p^vs Kol iaropLKO^, yeypac^e KapiKu, Ilept TpdXXeo)//, K.r.X. t Le Bas - Wadd., Inscr. cVAs. p. 377. t Boeckh, C. I. Q., 2702. xxxvi INTRODUCTION. by the Senatusconsultum * above referred to, was constituted a civitas immunis et lihera,f The Temple of Zev(; KaTvercoXi^o^; and the statue of the god which occurs on coins of Antiochia (p. 19^ no. 32, p. 20, no. 43, p. 21, nos. 46, 47) date perhaps from the same period. The senate in this decree also confers rights of asylum upon the temple of Aphrodite and its precints, equivalent to those enjoyed by the temple of Artemis at Ephesus. The growth of Aphrodisias appears to have been in a large measure due to the increasing importance of its famous temple of Aphrodite, which probably obtained for it at a later time the title and status of Metropolis of Caria. Apollonia Salbace, so called to distinguish it from other towns bearing the same name, was situated in the district APOLLONIA galbace, probably at the modern village of Medet SALS ACS. about 10 miles N.E. of Tabae, and S. of the range of mountains called Salbacns. According to Kiepert^s Atlas the northern branch of the river Harpasus took its rise in the imme- diate neighbourhood of the city. The Maeander symbol on the earliest coins (first century s.c.) which bear the name of Apollonia throws much doubt upon the attribution of these specimens, but, as the river Harpasus was an important tributary of the Maeander, it is just possible that this fact may have been held as a sufficient excuse for the usurpation by Apollonia of the symbol of the greater river (see note infrq,, * a. L 2737. f This decree runs as follows : — rou drjfiov tqv nXap[ao-te6ii/ /cat ’A^poStcrteJoji/ rrjv iXeySepiav /cat r^v dreXetav OT/rooff 7rdvru 7rpay[_fj.dTa>v Ka6~\a.7r€p /cat ^tls TToXtreta ro) /caXXtVrwre popco eartV, [utto rod dr}po]v rod r^v eXeu^epiav /cat T^p dreXetai/ e;^et, (pL\i] re /cat av[ppaxos oao'a]. More than 3000 bronze tablets of this kind were hung up in the Temple of Jupiter Capitolinus at Eome, duplicate copies being deposited in the temples of the various cities upon which the Eomans had conferred privileges. (Marquardt and Mommsen, Horn. AlUrthumer, Bd. iv., 2nd ed., p. 74, note 2.) GREEK AND CARIAN TOWNS. xxxvii p. 54). Eamsay {G. B. Phryg., p. 192) and Imhoof-Blumer would, however, assign the coins with the Maeander symbol to Tripolis, and if this attribution is, as I suspect, the correct one, it will prove that Tripolis bore the name of Apollonia in the first cent. b.c. The reverse type of these first century b.c. coins reading APIOA- AIINIATHN is a figure on horseback with the double-axe or labrys over shoulder. This figure has been hitherto always taken for an Amazon, but Ramsay in his Antiguities of Southern Phrygia^* gives reasons for identifying it with the Phrygian god Sabazios or Saoazos, whose name was corrupted by the Greeks into Hai^cov. (Of. Antioch, no. 13, and PI. iii. 7.) It is noteworthy, however, that the Rider on no. 2, p. 54 is certainly a woman. The long hair worn in a knot behind the head, and the chiton with apoptygma confined by a belt below the breast, show this quite distinctly, though these characteristic points are not clear on the specimen figured on PI. ix, no. 1, The title of the magistrate whose name appears on the coins of Apollonia appears to have been always ^rpaTrjjo’!, On the earlier Imperial coins his name is in the nominative usually followed by the patronymic, i.e. FI AH I AC KAAAinnoY, KAAAinnOZ APTEMIAnPoY, &c. On the later Imperial coins (Trajan to Gallienus) it is generally in the genitive, as FIAnioY KAAAinnoY, often accompanied by tbe title CTPA(t7?7o{})j and sometimes preceded by the preposition Btd or evrt. The patronymic on the later Imperial coins is usually omitted. In addition to the names of the strategi recorded in the text the following have, up to the present^ been published : — ■ KAAAinnoY CTPA. T (Time of Trajan) (Wadd., As. Min., p. 133); AnoAAIlNlOZ KXIKOY^ Caligula (Imhoof^ Gi\ M. 609); €ni A. T€IMOO€OY CTP. Hadrian (Wadd, As. Min. 136); KAAYAI. PoY. CTPA M. Aur. (Wadd., As. Min. 137); KAA- * Amenca?i Journ. of ArchmoJogy^ vol. hi., p. 363. xxxvm INTRODUCTION. AinnoY CTPA.j Faustina (Imlioof^ Mon. Or. 306); NIKO- CTPATOY CTPA.;, Oaracalla (Imlioof^ Or. M. 669); €TTI NIKO- CTPATOY, Geta(Wadd., ^5.ilfm.l37); ATAOCINOY CTPA., Mamaea (Boutkowski). Four places of the name of Astyra are mentioned by ancient writers : (i.) Astyra at or near tbe source of the river Rbodius, ASTYRA. about 20 miles S.E. of Abydus in the Troad. Strabo (xiii. 23) says tbat in his time this town was in ruins^ and depen- dent upon Abydus^ but tbat in ancient times it bad been autonomous and possessed of rich gold-mines^ wbicb^ tbougb almost exhausted, still produced a little gold. These mines doubtless supplied Lamp- sacus and Abydus with their gold coinage, (ii.) Astyra on the gulf of Adramyteum, formerly a little town, but in Strabo^s time no more than a village. Here there was at one time a temple of Artemis Astyrene administered and cared for by the Antandrians.* (iii.) Astyra opposite Lesbos, mentioned by Pausanias (iv. 35, 10), seems to have been only a name of some hot springs in the territory of Atarneus. (iv.) Astyra ^olvUt}^ Kara 'PoSoVy iv ^ iroju-dro 9? ^Adqvd Aarvpi^ (Steph. Byz.). From the style and the types of the coins described in the text there can be no doubt that the last- mentioned city is the one to which they belong. Borrell,-|- mis- understanding the statement of Sfcephanus, and influenced by the fact that most of the above-mentioned specimens were found together at Rhodes, has assigned the town of Astyra to that island. Leake J has, however, pointed out that the words used by Steph. Byz., TToXfc? ^otvLKr}<; Kara 'PoSov, clearly mean a city in the peninsula of Phoenix opposite Rhodes. Here therefore, on the mainland, and not in the island of Rhodes, the site of Astyra must be sought. The fact that some of the fourth century coins of Astyra have on t Chron.j ix., 167. J Niim, HelLf Asia, p. 26. * Sfcrab., siii. 65, GREEK AND CARIAN TOWNS. XXXIX the obyerse a full-face head of Helios (PL x. 6, 6) resembling the coins of the city of Ehodus is by no means a proof of their having been struck in that island, though it is doubtless an indication of Ehodian influence (as is also the similar head on the coins of Mausolus). After the foundation of Ehodus (b.c. 408) the coinage of the important Ehodian cities Lindus, lalysus, and Camirus came to an end; and it is in the highest degree improbable that Astyra, had it been also a Ehodian town, would have been the only city in the island to retain the right of coining money in its own name after the centralization of the separate city coinages in the new capital. If no coins of Astyra subsequent to archaic times had come to light, something might have been said in favour of BorrelLs attri- bution of the town to Ehodes ; but as there is not only bronze but also silver money of Astyra of the fourth century b.c.,* it is ex- tremely unlikely that a small town like Astyra would have continued to strike coins after the closing of the mints of the more important cities of Camirus, lalysus and Lindus. Attuda or Attudda was situate on the frontiers of Caria and Phrygia Pacatiana, according to Eamsay,f close to the ATTUDDA. ^0^®™ Village ot AsscoT, Its territory was bounded on the north by the Maeander, on the north-east by the Lycus, on the east by the territory of Laodicea, and on the south and south-west by the Salbacus range of mountains and the territory of the neighbouring city of Trapezopolis {Kadi Keui F) , There is some uncertainty as to whether Attuda should be included in Caria or Phrygia ; but as its coins seem to be rather Carian than Phrygian in style, I have preferred to include this town in the present volume. The ethnological evidence is very scanty, but on the whole there seems to be a preponderance of evidence in favour ^ "Waddhigton, Asie Mlneure, p. 58. f C. B. Bhr., p, 165. xl INTRODUCTION. of a prevalence of the Carian over the Phrygian element in the population in the Roman Imperial period. Attuda^ though it was not a large town, must have been of some importance, as the Roman high road along the Maeander and Lyons valleys, which ran almost in a straight line from Ephesus and Magnesia on the west to Laodicea and Apamea on the east, passed through its territory, though not actually through the city.* Though Attuda is not mentioned by any historian, nor even by Strabo, its name appears in the lists of Hierocles, and in the Notitiae Episcopatuum.f By far the oldest records of the town are however its coins, and the fact that it issued silver money which, judging by the style of the drachm (PL x. no. 9), cannot be later than the early part of the first century B.O., is a distinct proof that it must have been even then a place of some standing. Erom this time there appears to be a break in the coinage till the Imperial age. Of this period the most important coin is PL x. 15, bearing the bust and name of the god MHN KAPOY, whose temple was an object of veneration in Strahovs time, b.c. 64 — a.d. 19, It was situate on the left or western bank of the river Kapros, at a place called in Byzantine times Oaria, which may be identified with the modern Gereli, At the neigh- bouring village of M??vo 9 Ka>iJi7] there was a spring of alkaline waters (Athen., 43), and in connection with this spring and with the Hieron of the god a famous school of medicine (Strab., 580), located ap- parently at Laodicea 1 3 miles distant. The heads of this school in Strabo^s time were Zeuxis and Alexander Philalethes, whose names appear on coins of Laodicea of the reign of Augustus, If this establishment was dependent (as it seems to have been) upon the temple of Men Karon, we may infer that among the * Ramsay, (7. B. Bhr.^ p. 167. t Ramsay, Cities and Bishojf^rics of Bhrygia^ p. 207. GTtEEK AND CARIAN TOWNS. Xli manifold aspects under which. Men was worshipped that of a healer of diseases must be included. The Cock and the Serpent, which are elsewhere conspicuous among; the attributes of this god, also point to a partial assimilation of Men to Asklepios ; and the occur- rence of Asklepios and Hygieia as coin-types at Attuda (nos. 3, 22, 32) is, to some extent, confirmatory of this hypothesis."^ The exact signification of the epithet KAPOV, as here applied to the god Men, is doubtful. It appears to be an indeclinable word (not a genitive case) f ; but it is suflSciently intelligible to show that M^n was a god worshipped by Carians, and furthermore that Attuda, when it struck coins with the bust of Meu Karou, must have been essentially a Oarian town. Next after Men Karou the types of the mother-goddesses Leto and Kybele are especially noteworthy. The temple of Kybele (coin of Sept. Severus, no. 29, PI. xi. 1) may have been chiefly frequented by the families of Phrygian origin resident in the town. The remaining coin-types, which are numerous, are not especially characteristic, except perhaps that of Sabazios on horseback (PL X, 12), concerning which see Ramsay (Ant, of 8* Fhryg,^^, 21). Attuda is one of a small group of cities belonging, with one exception (Laodicea) to north-eastern Caria, and occupying the lower slopes of the Salbacus range of mountains, on the coins of which the preposition Std more oi* less frequently takes the place of eirL before the name of the magistrate. It is probable that this indicates that the coins were issued at the expense of the official whose name it precedes, and that it conveys a different meaning from eVt, which is merely the equivalent of a date. The towns in question are Laodicea ad Lycum, Attuda, Cidramus, and Trapezo- * On this subject see W. H. Roscher, jun. {Bericht. d. h. Sacks. Gesellsck. d, Wissensck., 1891). •f Le-Bas and Wadd., Inscr, As. Min., p. 216. f xlii INTRODUCTION. BABGASA. polis. At Apollonia Salbace and at Tabae Sid in place of iirc also occurs, but only exceptionally. The only magistrates of Attuda whose titles are recorded are Menippos Tto9 7ro\ea>9 in the time of Trajan ; Karminios Klaudianos Asiarch (Aurelius and Verus) and the priestess 01. Plavia Arri, Upeca in the reign of Sept, Severus. The title vlo^ TroXeco? occurs elsewhere on coins only at Ootiaeum in Phrygia, though we have a similar title, uw A(f>poBLo-iecoVy at Aphrodisias.f The title tepeia^ though more frequent, is also rare ; we meet with it on coins of Smyrna in Ionia and of Eucarpia and Prymnessus in Phrygia. Concerning an alliance coin of Attuda with Trapezopolis, see Trapezopolis, The exact site of Bargasa is still doubtful. Strabo^s (656) order is as follows : elra puercL Kvihov Kipa/Mo<; teal Bdpyaaa TroXt^via virep ^aXarr^;?, whence Kiepert places it conjecturally about mid-way between Ceram us and Halicarnassus, on the northern coast of the Ceramic gulf, though he adds in a note that on the Ptolemaic map it is placed much farther north, inland, in the neighbourhood of Alabanda and Amyzon. The scanty coinage of this town (exclusively Imperial) seems to reveal a predominance of the worship of Asklepios. Mr. Paton thinks that, as the coins of Bargasa chiefly come from the interior of Caria, the site of the town must be looked for in the district indicated by Ptolemy. On the ruins and inscriptions of Bargylia, see Le Bas-Wadd. (Foy. arch en As, Min,, iii., 135). It stood on the southern shore of the gulf called after it, and neai'ly opposite lasus. It is said to have been founded by Belle- rophon in honour of his companion Bargylos, who had been killed by a kick from Pegasos (Steph. Byz., s.v,). It is quite possible 3ABGYLIA. ^ Ramsay, G, cmd B. JPh)*^g.j p. 166. ^ The municipal adoption of distinguished citizens appears to have been purely honorary. (See Bull. Corr. Mell., xii., 255.) GREEK AKD CARIAN TOWNS. xliii ttat some archaic coins of Asiatic style^, and with Pegasos on the obverse, may have been struck at Bargylia. No inscribed coins have, howevei', been discovered which can be assigned to an earlier date than the first century b.c. The neighbouring town Cindya seems at one time to have been more important than Bargylia, for in the middle of the fifth century b.c. it paid two talents tribute to Athens, while Bargylia only paid 2000 drachms per annum. Subsequently Oindya ceased to exist as a TroXi?, but the temple of Artemis Kindyas down to Imperial times continued to be an object of veneration. At Bargylia the head or the statue of this goddess is an almost constant coin- type. It was popularly believed con- cerning this statue, which stood in a temple open to the sky, that neither rain nor snow ever fell upon it.* No Imperial coins of Bargylia are known after the time of Geta.f None of them bear magistrates^ names. Imhoof I describes a bronze coin of Oallipolis of the second or first century b.c. Ohv, Head of Apollo; Bev, Quiver in shallow incuse square. Arrian § mentions Oallipolis with the citadel of Halicarnassus, Myndus, Caunus, and Thera, as held by Orontobates for a time against Alexander's generals Ptolemy and Asander. The place was probably situated somewhere on the southern coast. The site of Oaryanda has been recently fixed by Myres and Paton at a few miles north of Telmessus. Imhoof-Blumer || G AB. YAN DA assigns to it some small bronze coins of the fourth century b.c. Caunus stood on the banks of the river Calbis, between its mouth and a lake a little north of the town. Though Caunus was one of the chief ports on the south OALLIPOLIS. CAUNUS. * Polyb., xvi. 12 ; Strab., 658. t Sestini, Lett, di cont., vi., 43, X Mon. Cr)\: 307. § ii. 5, 7. II Mon. Crr., 307, PI. F. 1. xliv INTRODUCTION. coast of Oaria, and^ od accoant of its harbour^ which could be closed, a naval station of some strength, we cannot confidently attribute to it any coins before the time of Alexander the Great, though it may be suspected that some of the uncertain Carian coins of the archaic period may have been struck there. There is especially one series of silver staters which seems likely to have been issued by the Caunians before the Persian conquest : — Ohv. Forepart of Lion, of archaic style and with mane indicated by dots or very short lines ; on the shoulder of the beast is sometimes the symbol § and sometimes O. Incuse square divided into two oblong halves, as on the early coins of Camirus and Lindus. JR *75; Wt, 172*2 grs. The weight of these staters, which is intermediate between those of Camirus and those of Lycia, and the form of the incuse square, both point to the southern coast of Oaria. It is noteworthy also that the symbol J on the lion^s shoulder also occurs in the field of a coin of Oaunus dating from about b.c. 300 (p. 75, no. 11, PI. xii. 4) ; but this may be only a chance coincidence. For the later history of Caunus, see Holleaux {Bull, Gorr, Hell,, 1898, p. 61 sqq.). After Alexander’s death, Caunus, like the rest of Caria, was possessed in turn by the satrap Asander, by Eumenes, by Antigonus (b.c. 313), and lastly by Ptolemy Soter from b.c. 309. About B.c. 189 the Rhodians purchased Oaunus, probably from Ptolemy Epiphanes, but in b.c. 167 it revolted from Rhodes, and obtained from the Roman Senate in the following year a recognition of its freedom. It is probable that when Caunus shook off Rhodian rule in b.c. 167, it may have begun to issue small silver coins of the Rhodian type, differentiated from the Rhodian issues by the addition of an eagle in front of the right cheek of the full-face head of Helios (PI. xxxix. 12-14). These coins are described under Rhodes (p. 249, nos. 210-218) ; but they are without the letters P- — O, and bear in the field various lettex*s GREEK AND CARIAN TOWNS. xlv and monograms which were formerly taken to be the initials of Lycian allied towns^ but which may be preferably explained as initials of magistrates^ names. Oeramus was situate on the northern coast of the Ceramic gulf^ about midway between Halicarnassus on the west CERAMTTS. and IdymU; at the head of the gulf, on the east. Strabo (660), speaking of the sanctuary of Zeus Ohrysaoreus at Stratonicea, common to all the Oarians, says that Oeramus was one of the most important towns of the Chrysaorian confederacy. This is confirmed by the Zeus-types of its coins and by traces of the old road which once connected Oeramus with Stratonicea, and which passed through Panamara (see J.L.Myres, Athenseum, 1895, p. 255). Its earliest issues in silver and bronze closely resemble the contemporary second or first century coins of Stratonicea, ohv. Head of Zeus, rev. Eagle (c/. PI. xii. nos. 8, 9 with PL xxiii. no. n sqq.). The coin of Antoninus Pius (PI. xii. no. 12) shows a draped statue of the god, standing, holding patera and sceptre, and with an eagle at his feet. The remarkable figure on the reverse of the coin of Oommodus (PI. xii. 3 3) is probably Zeus Stratios or Labraundos ; the animal at his feet has the appear- ance of a panther, but is perhaps meant for a goat (see note on p. 78 infra), Chalcetor was a town of small importance,* the site of which has ' been fixed at Kara-Koyoun, a few miles south of CHALCETOR T Euromus, by Paton and My res {Atlienseum^ 1895, p. 255). Whether the coins described in the text are correctly attributed to this place, or whether M. J. P, Six is right in assigning them to the small island of Chalcia off the western coast of Rhodes, is a doubtful point.f * Strab., xiv. 636, 658. t Num, Chron.i 1890, p. 246. xlvi INTRODXJCTIOJr. Cliersonesus^ the narrow neck of land projecting some 50 mileff westwards from the mainland towards the island of CHEKSONESTTS. Cos^ seems to have contained in early times^ in ad- dition to the important city of Cnidus at its western extremity, three other independent communities united in a Tripolis or league, which continued to exist under the name of the Koivov Xepaovaalcov down to the time of the Rhodian dominion in Oaria. This kolvov was assessed separately from Cnidus in the Athenian Tribute Lists,* under the nameAeppoi^^^o-mi, at 3 talents per annum between b.c. 454 and 426, while Cnidus during the same years paid an equal sum, except between the years b,c. 450-447, when it was rated at 5 talents. On this subject see Six in Zeit /. Num., iii., 375, and Paton, Glass, Eev., 1889, p. 422. The coins of the Chersonesii, which seem to be all anterior to B.C. 500, are of the Aeginetic standard, like the contemporary coins of Cnidus* The site of Cidramus has not been identified, but Ramsay remarks (American Journ, Arch., iii., p. 356) that the only CIDEA.MTTS. . _ . f . . . ancient authorities (the Notitiae) in which its name appears assign it to Caria. The fact, however, that Z€YC AYAIOC (p. 81, no. 2) occurs on its coins shows that it must have been near the Lydian frontier, Ramsay would expect to find traces of its remains somewhere between Antiochia and Attuda, a little to the west of Carura and about due south of the modern village of Ortahche, south of the Maeander, on a spur of the hills that fringe the valley. No coins are known of Cidramus before the age of Augustus, and the latest are those of Julia Maesa. Down to Hadrian^s time- the magistrate's name is in the nominative, followed by that of his father in the genitive. Prom the reign of Hadrian to that of M. Aurelius the magistrate'^s name is in the genitive preceded by the * Corp. Jnscr. Att.^ nos. 228-264 GREEK AKD CAEIAN TOWNS. slvii preposition Sta* in place of eirL and followed^ as before^ by tbe father’s name. In addition to the magistrates’ names recorded in the text the following have been elsewhere published: — HOACMIIN C€A€YKOY (obv. PIIM ?) Imp, Times, Nero (Rev. Num., 1851, 167); MOYSAIOZ KAAAIKPAToYZ Imperial, Au- gustus {Zeit. /. Num.y xv. 52); riAMIAOC C€A€YKOY, Vespa- sian (Tmhoof, Gr.ilf.732); AIA nANPnN, Weber Coll., Wt. 214*5 grs. (PL xlv. 8), "E behind head. On the smaller coins of this period (b.c. 300-190) the following names of magistrates may be ad-ded from trustworthy sources; — Drachms : 0E04>ANHZ (Mion., SuppL, vi. 221); [0?]EYAHP0Z Mion., iii. 207). Tetrohols: AP^ZTOKAHZ (^. /. W, i. 145); ZflZIPENHZ, Rev, Tripod (Imhoof, Mon, Gr., 310). Diohols : ATHTflP, Rev. Bucranium (Imhoof, Z, f, A., i. 146); ANTIflA- TPOZ. B ronze: TEAEAZ and “E, Rev, Prow (Imhoof, Mon, Gr.^ p. 310); TEAECI4>PX1N and Rev, Prow (ihid ) ; AKPO (Mion., iii., p. 341) ; ANNIKA; AAMOK , . , (Mion., SuppL, vL, * Theocr., Idyh^ xyii. 66, GREEK AND CARIAN TOWNS. li p. 482j no. 230); inilOAA (Imlioof, JV*., 146) ; . . . AAKfXN (Itnhoof, Mon. Q)\, 310) ; MOPinN {iliS). The monogram “E, which is of frequent occurrence on coins of this period, remains unexplained. As an artistes signature it is inadmissible at so late a date. After the defeat of Antiochus the Great by the Romans in B.c. 190, the character of the Onidiau coinage B.C. 190—167. became assimilated to that of Rhodes. For the head of Aphrodite on the obverse was substituted that of the full-face Apollo. The rose, the badge of Rhodes, moreover appears on some specimens as a symbol in the field of the reverse (PI. xvi. no. 1). The weight of these new semi-Rhodian silver coins corre- sponds with that of two of the light Rhodian di’achms of the period. The magistrates’ names on the coins of this class are Ar€IlN* and AlOKAHZ ; and it is noteworthy that the last- mentioned name occurs also on a drachm of the Rhodian type without P O, struck somewhere on the mainland (PI. xxxix. no. 9), whence we may infer that Cnidus was for a time governed by the same Rhodian magistrate as the town at which the drachm was struck. To this period (b.c. 190-167) belong also the Alexandrine tetra- drachms assigned by Miiller (nos. 1151-2) to Cnidus, with a tripod in the field as a distinctive mint-symbol. Prom the time when Rhodes was deprived of her possessions on the mainland (b.c. 166), Cnidus, if we may draw After B.C. 167. . „ . . an inference from its coinage, ceased to be of much account. Silver money was no longer issued from the Cnidian mint, and even bronze, as time goes on, becomes less and less plentiful, and after the time of Caracalla comes also to an end. To the lists of magistrates whose names are recorded in the ^WluU., As. 45. lii INTRODUCTION, present volume^ on the bronze coins subsequent to b.c. 167, the following may be added : — After B.c. 167. EYN ('?) ... Eev. Lyre (Mion. Suppl. vi., p. 481). EYK(^) ... Eev. Mke ( ,, „ „ ). Is^ ce7it. B.O. APXIAZ Eev. Two bunches of grapes (Mion. hi., p. 342). EKATAIOZ i2ez;, „ „ „ „ (Mion. yi., p. 485). EY4>PA[Nn]P Eev. Bunch of grapes (Imh. Mon: Gr. p. 310). HPflAHZ Eev, Bunch of grapes (Imh, Mon. Gr, 310.) OEOrNIlTOZ (or GEYrNUTOZ?) Eev, Two bunches of grapes (IMion., iii., p. 342). Imperial. Faustina Jun. KAAAIKPATHZ (Mion. Suppl. vi., p. 486). Caracallal KAAAIKPATHZ Eev. Dionysos standing. CYS. The site of Oys is identified by Cousin and Deschamps * with the modern village of Beli-Pouli, in the moun- tainous country which separates the upper valleys of the Marsyas and Harpasus, For descriptions of the coins reading KY, KYI, KYITUN and [KJYEITI2N see Hist. Num.y 525. There ai*e no specimens in the British Museum, The name of the place in Steph. Byz. appears as Kvov, but the inscriptions prove the correct form to have been Ki)?. The exact site of Euippe, probably close to Alabanda, q.v.^ is not known. It is called by Steph. Byz. Arjpio^ Kap[a<;, In addition to the two coins described in the text and figured (PL xvii. 1, 2) two others are published ; one, an autonomous coin, Ohv. Bust of Artemis i\, Eev, EYinnEn[N] Pegasos r., M Size *65 ;f other, an Imperial coin of Gommodus, Eev, Cultus-statue of Aphrodite or the Ephesian Artemis between star and crescent. J EXTIPPE. * Bull, Gorr. Hell, xi., 305. t Fox, ii., PI. v. 100. X Bei'l BUiU., i., PL viii. 10. GEEEK AND CARTAN TOWNS. liii Pliny* mentions^ among other Oarian towns in the vicinity of Halicarnassus, a place of which the name Uranium EUBALITTM. ^ has beeuj probably erroneously^ corrected by Sillig to Euralium on the evidence of a coin of Caracalla described by Borrelljf reading 6YPAA6I2N. As Pliny^s text is very corrupt, the coin, which is supposed to be unique, may belong to some other place, Euromus was situate at the modern Ayaldy, about 8 miles N.W. Mylasa, and the same distance S.W. of Lab ran da, EuBOmUS. where stood the sanctuary of Zeus Labraundos. It cannot have been a place of any importance. It is doubtful whether the Zeus worshipped at Euromus was altogether identical with Zeus Labraundos, for the types of the coins of Euromus show a cultus- statue of Zeus accompanied sometimes by the pilei of the Dioskuri, sometimes by a stag, and sometimes by an eagle, while on one coin of Caracalla, described by Mionnet (iii. 346, 254) after Vaillant Gr.j p. 100), he is also specially designated as Z€YC €YPnM€YC. Nevertheless, the labrys or double-axe held by the god of Euromus sufficiently indicates his close relation to the Zeus of Labranda. On a coin of the second (?) century b.c. described by ImhoofjJ Obv, Head of Zeus, Eev. Labrys, the name of a magistrate EKAZ is recorded. Gordiuteichos, another small Carian town, was perhaps situated at the modern Karasu, about 10 miles below Anhro- GORDIDTEICHOS. ^ disias on the left bank of the Morsynus. It is mentioned by Livy § as between Antioch and Tabae and two days^ march from the latter, and by Steph, Byz. EopBlov TroXi? [Kapta?] MlSov KTLcriJia rov 7ratSoy the latter in Rev. Num., 1892, p. 427. The date of the issue of this coin is, according to Babelon, b.c. 395 ; according to Six,^ b.c. 412-408. Rum. Chron., 1888, p. 107. Ix INTRODUCTION. The next coin, and the earliest which bears the name of lasus, belongs to the small series of alliance coins issued Cnidus, Samos, Ephesus, Rhodes, and lasus * As this League seems to haye been dissolved in b.c. 390, f the federal coinage of the above-mentioned towns was probably restricted to a single issue. Henceforth for more than a hundred years lasus has left us no numismatic record. It would seem, therefore, that under the Carian dynasts, Mausolus and his successors, and under Alexander the Great and his successors in Asia Minor down to about the middle of the -third century, its autonomy was incomplete, and that it did not enjoy the right of coinage. But, in common with many other towns in western Asia Minor, lasus appears to have recovered complete or almost com- plete autonomy from the Seleucidae, ci?’c. b.c. 261-246, { and it is doubtless to about this time that the beginning Circ. B.C, 260-190. . of a purely lasian coinage must be ascribed. The drachms of this period, of the so-called Persic Standard (82 grs.), may be compared with the contemporary issue at Miletus (cf. R. IT. Gat, Ionia, PL xxi.). They are signed by the eponymous magistrate of the city, the ^r€(f>av7](j)6po<; of Apollo. § The re- markable type of these coins, a youth swimming beside a dolphin, is explained by Hicks {Journ, Roll, 8tud,, viii. 93 sq.). The pretty story of the boy and the dolphin is recorded by Athenaeus on the authority of Duris of Samos, an historian of the age of Alexander. There would even seem to be some sort of historical basis for this strange incident, for Alexander the Great is said to have ordered the boy to be sent to his court. The name of the youth, as given ^ Waddington, Itev. 1863, PL x, 1-4; and Imhoof, Mon, Gr., PL P, 6. t ludeich, Kleinasiat. Stud., p, 80. J Hicks, Gr. Hist, Inscr., no. 174. § Le Bas and Waddiogfcon, Ins.o?\ As. Min., Part v., p, 86 sq. GETSEK AND CARIAN TOWNS. Ixi ty Afclienaeus (xiii. 606) is Dionysios, but Plutarch and Pliny (A. ST.jix. 8) call him Hermias^ an lasian name which occurs both on coins (Imhoof^ Mon, Ot,^ 311) and inscriptions.^ The Boy and Dolphin as a coin-type of the lasians is mentioned by three ancient writers, Aelian,f Plutarch, J and Pollux. § The stele erected at lasus in commemoration of this curious story is described by Aelian {lx,) as representing* a youth riding upon a dolphin, in which respect it must have differed from the coins. From B.c. 190-168 lasus, with the rest of Oaria, was under the E-hodian dominion. From 168 until it was in- Ciro, B.C. 190-168. corpoi’ated into the Roman Province of Asia it was again nominally free, but does not seem to have coined any money. The subsequent issues belong to Imperial times and range from Augustus to Gordian. The chief divinities of lasus were Apollo, Artemis Astias, Zeus Megistos, and lasos the eponymous hero and founder (PL xxi. 7). Idyma stood at the head of the Ceramic gulf, where the little river Idymus || empties itself into what is now called Giova Bay, Idyma is several times mentioned in the Athenian Tribute Lists, It was rated at first at 4000 drachms, but after b.c. 447 its assessment was reduced to 2000 dr, Wad- dington^ was the first to point out that in fragment VI of these lists mention is made of IlaKrvr)^ 'I8vfi[evs:']j whence he concludes that in b.c. 445 the town was governed by a despot named Pactyes, and from the later fragments of the same lists, in which the name of Pactyes no longer occurs, he infers that his rule had come to an end before the year b.c. 437. The coinage of Idyma may have begun before b.c. 600, if I am IDY3SIA. * Rein act, Rev, cles Etudes cjrecques, vi. 195-200. t Bist. Anim.j vi. lo. t Be Solert, Anim.^ 36. § ix. 84, II Slept. Byz., s,v. Rev. JYum., 1856, p. 59 ; (7, J. A,, i. 227. Ixii INTRODUCTION. right in assigning to it an archaic drachm of Aeginetic wt. (90' 5 grs.) in the Montagu Coll. Ohv. Head of Pan, Hev. Incuse square. There is also another specimen^ weighing 88*4 grs.^ among the uncertain coins in the British Museum. The inscribed coins, however, consist chiefly of drachms of the Phoenician Standard (58*2 grs.) which seem to belong to the latter half of the 6th cent. b.c. (PI. xsi. 8, 9). The head on the obverse of these coins, as Imhoof has shown {Mon. p. 312), is that of Pan, while the reverse type, a fig-leaf, seems to have been suggested by the coins of Camirus in Ehodes, a fact which may point to commercial intercourse be- tween the two cities. There are only two known coins of Idyma which appear to be of later date than the end of the 5th cent. b.c. ; one of these is the drachm (PI. xxi. no. 10), and the other is a bronze coin published by Imhoof and figured in his Mon. gr. (PI. P.8). Por some inscriptions of Idyma of Imperial times, see Cousin and Diehl {Bull. Corr. Bell., x. 428). Mylasa was situated at a distance of about 10 miles in a direct line from the coast on the upper course of the river MYLASA. . r 1 1 Kyberses, which flows down from Mylasa through the ^Ofi^tavov 'irehiov, in a northerly direction past the town of Olymus, and then turns towards the south and discharges its waters into the Bargylian gulf near lasus. According to Strabo (659), the town was built at the foot of a precipitous mountain containing rich quarries of a beautiful white marble, which yielded ample material for the erection of the numerous porticos and temples which adorned the town, the size of which was however dwarfed by the lofty superincumbent rocky heights. Mylasa, originally a place of small importance (/cco^t?, Strab. 659), became, in the time of Hecatomnus, a royal residence, and the chief city of Caria, In Strabo^s time there were two famous temples of Zeus within the territory of Mylasa, one of Zeus ’Ocro^dtia or GREEK AND CARIAN TOWNS. Ixiii ’Oao 7 W 9 in the city itself, and the other of Zens Ad^pavvho^ or 'XTpciTioAC!rrn-nrtTTo D!iodern KizHje, on the road from Apollonia Salbaoe to Cibyra, at about eight miles S,E. of the former. The coins of Sebastopolis extend from the time of Yespasian to that of Sept. Severus (Domna). The magistrate's name ZfaTr/a? ^AttoWcovlov on p. 146, no. 1, occurs also on a coin of Y^espasian in the French collection. The same name IIa7ria<; is also met with * X, Alcacl. d. Wiss. Z 2 i Wien. Anzeiger d, 'phil.-hi&f. 01.^ 1893, no. 24, t SU'abo, xi V. c. i, 46, 47 Ixviii INTRODUCTION. on Imperial coins of the neighbouring cities of Apollonia and Tabae. Stratonicea, which ranks with Mylasa and Alabanda as one of the STKATONICEA. three chief inland towns of Caria, was situate at the modern Esld-Hissar^ on the main road from- Alabanda, and about 30 miles south of that town, on the left side of the upper valley of the Marsyas, not far from its sources. Strabo (xiv. 2, 25) says that it was a Macedonian colony ; and according to Steph, Byz. it was named after Stratonice, wife of Antiochus I. It is probable, however, that an older town, variously called Hidi*ias, Chrysaoris, and Hecatesia, existed here long before the Macedonian settlement.* Within the territory of Stratonicea there were three famous temples, one of Hekate at Lagina, a few miles north of the city, where a great festival called Hekatesia was celebrated every five years,! another of Zeus Ghrysaoreus, or Karios, near the city itself. This last was a centre, both religious and political, for all com- munities of Carian race, and the head-quarters of a National League, called the Ghrysaoric Systema, of which Stratonicea, although not itself a Garian city, was one of the members, in virtue of the numerous Garian Koifiai situate within its territory. The third temple was that of Zeus Panamaros, or Panemerios, the site of which was discovered by MM. Gousin and Deschamps in 1886, at the modern Bagh^yaka, on a height difficult of access, f which Kiepert, on the authority of Benndorf, who visited it in 1892, places E^bout 12 miles S.E. of Stratonicea. Zeus Panamaros and Hekate were, as the numerous inscriptions abundantly prove, the two special tutelary divinities of the Stratoniceans, and the coin-types serve to confirm the epigraphic evidence. * Waddington, As, Min., 67. t BtilL Gorr. mu., 1881, 236. Newlmu Essay.% 175. i Bull. Gorr. Eell, xi. 373, xii. 82, 7 GKEEK AND CARIAN TOWNS. Ixix There are no coins of Stratonicea which can be attributed to an earlier date than b.c. 168, unless perhaps some few coins of Alexander's types with the letters 2XPA in monogram (Muller, Nnm. Alex.j 1134-6). Down to b.c. 168 the town was subject to Rhodes, and does not seem to have^een in a position to strike its own coins. But when Oaria was declared free and independent of Rhodes by the Romans at the conclusion of the third Macedonian war, Stratonicea obtained her freedom (Polyb., xxx. 19) and began to strike silver money. The reintrod notion of the incuse square on the reverses of their silver coins by the Rhodians (circ. b.c. 166) seems to have set a fashion for small silver money, which was immediately followed Cos, the towns of the Lycian League, and by Oeramus and Stratonicea in Caria. The types of the Stratonicean hemidrachms of Rhodian weight, which clearly belong to this period (PI. xxiii, 11-12), are the head of Zeus on the obverse, and an eagle in the shallow incuse square of the reverse. Whether these types refer to Zeus Chrysaoreus or to Zeus Panamaros is doubtful, but the fact that the same types occur on the contemporary hemidrachms of Ceramus (PI. xii. 8) seems to indicate Zeus Chrysaoreus, whose cultus was common to all Carians, as the divinity represented on the Stratonicean coinage of this period, the circulation of which was certainly not confined to the precincts of the city. These hemidrachms bear the names, in the nominative case, probably of the eponymous magistrate of Stratonicea, who, as in. many other cities of Asia, was the Archon Stephanephoros. (Le Bas and Wadd., 517, 519, 525.)* * In addition to the magistrates’ names supplied by this Catalogue on the silver coins of this period, the following have been noted, APICTCAC 24 grs., Bev. ISTike (ImhooF, Mon. G-r., 315); ATTAAOC A Bev. Nike, and AP (Mion., S. vi. 535), FAIOCj Bev. Nike (Waddington, As. Min.^ 55), AH- MOCQ6NHC, Bev. Nike (Wadd,, ?.c.) ; AlOKAHC Kl, 29grs. Aey. Ixx INTEODUCTION. Next in order of date follows a series of hemidraohms bearing on the obverse the head of the goddess Hekate (PL xxiii. 13)^ and on the reverse a figure of Nike in a shallow incuse square. One of these coins is signed by ^EKarato^ ^coadvBpovy who, as we learn from an inscription,* was Priest of the temple of Hekate at Lagina ; but Hekataios may have been either previously or sub- sequently Stephanephoros of Stratonicea, for there is no evidence to show that coins were struck by the Temple authorities in- dependently of the municipal Boule. The small bronze coins (PL xxiii. 14-16) with the shallow incuse square on the reverse belong to the same period as the silver coins above referred to. They are all apparently previous to the Mithra- datic war (b.c. 88-84), during which Stratonicea remained faithful to Eome, and suffered much in consequence at the hands of Mithradates.f After Sulla'^s victory Stratonicea recovered, by a decree of the Senate (b.c, 81), all or more than all the privileges which had previously been enjoyed by her.l The city seems at this time to have been constituted a civitas libera et immunis sine foedere. The right of asylum of the temple of Hekate was also recognised and confirmed. The coins which I propose to assign to this period of renewed prosperity after b.c. 81 are : (i.) the stater or tetradrachm weighing 166 grs. (Z.f. N., xvi., PL i. 2) Ohv, Head of Zeus, Bev, MEAAN- GIOZ ZTPATON I KEIIN Hekate standing to front, holding Nike (Imkoof, Gr. IT., 674) ; <|>ANfAC KI0A 18 gi's., JRev. Nike (Imhoof op. ciL, 674); APIZT€AZ and APICT6AC, 21 and 19 grs., Nagle (Imkoof, Mon. Gr.^ 315) ; APTEM I All B&o. Eagle, 17 grs. (Imhoof, Jf. G., 315); riYOEAZ, Bev. Eagle (Mion., 8, vi., 535) ; XPYCOY Bev. Eagle, 3 grs. (Im., M. Gr,, 315). The last is the only one here attributed to this period which is not in the nominative case. * Bull, Gorr. MeU., xi. 13. t Appian, Be Bell. Mith., xxi. X B%ai. Gorr. Hell, ix. 462. GREEK AND CARIAN TOWNS. Ixxi patera and torch, the whole within a laurel wreath ; (ii.) the cor- responding drachm, wt. 52*3 grs. {infra, p. 150 and Pl.xxiii. no. 17); .acd (iii.) the bronze coins with Pegasos or Nike on the reverse (PL ssiii. 18 and p. 150). The abandonment of the incuse square and the substitution on the reverse of a dotted circle is noticeable also on the Rhodian drachms of this period (PI. xL and xli. 1, 2). During the invasion of Asia Minor by Labienus (b.c. 40), Ala- banda, Mylasa and Stratonicea were the only three cities which -offered any serious resistance to his attacks. The two former were taken, but Stratonicea was successful in repulsing the invaders, though her temples of Hekate at Lagina and of Zeus at Panamara were plundered by the foreign troops. They were, however, shortly afterwards restored, and all their ancient rights and privileges were confirmed by decrees of the Senate under Augustus, b.c. 39, and again under Tiberius, a.d. 22.* The coinage of Stratonicea, with or without the head of the reign- ing emperor, extends from the time of Augustus to that of Galiienus. It was one of the few cities which, under the Empire, issued from time to time silver coins. Of these, two bearing' the names respec- tively of SXinVPoZ and of APILTEAC [XIA ?] are described by Imhoof {Gr. IT., 673, 674). The first (wt. 53 grs.) has on the ohv, the head of Hekate, the second (wt. 47 grs.) that of Augustus. Two other specimens (99 grs. and 32*4 grs.) are described in the present Catalogue and figured (PL xxiv. 1 and 5) ; the first of these is probably of the time of Augustus, and the second was struck under Antoninus Pius.f A fourth silver coin of the Imperial time * Bull. Gorr. Sell., ix. 472, and xi. 237. Cf ako Le BasAYadd., Inscr. d'As. Min., 519. t This coin bears the magistrate's name A. APICTOAAOC which may serve to date approximately an inscription recently discovered by Hula and Szanto {Bericht uber eine Beise in Karien, p. 35, in the 8itzungsberichte d. K. ATcad. d. Wissensclt. in Wien. Bhil.Sisi. Gl. Bd., 132) at Pisil^tbi (Pisye), on the road kxii INTBODUCTION. is described by Mionnet (iii. p. 378, no. 440). Like tbe Brifcisb Museum specimen above referred to, it belongs to the reign of Antoninus Pius, but the magistrate's name is KAAY. APICTCAC. The reverse type of all these silver coins is the same, viz. a bearded equestrian figure, holding in one hand a circular object resembling a phiale, and in the other a sceptre. This type often recurs on the large bronze coins of Stratonicea throughout the Imperial series, and it may reasonably be conjectured that it is not the Emperor, but Zeus Panamaros. If so, this equestrian Zeus may be com- pared with the Phrygian, Pisidian, and Lydian god Sozon or Sabazios, who is also frequently represented on horseback carrying a club or double-axe, and sometimes radiate, or with the Phrygian god Men, who, if not originally identical with Sabazios, as Ramsay supposes,* is certainly a divinity scarcely distinguishable from Sabazios in his attributes. On one of the Stratonicean coins probably struck in Hadrian^s time (PL xxiv. 4), the equestrian figure seems to be radiate, a fact which leads one to infer that Zeus Panamaros was a solar god, and which may serve to explain the frequent substitution of UavTj/juepLo^ for Havdixapo^ in inscriptions. The following remarkable inscriptions on coins of the reigns of Trajan and Hadrian also claim attention, as they have hitherto been always thought to prove that Stratonicea bore for a short time the strange title ^ Indica.^ These are, no 46 rey. CTPATON€l. INA6I type Nike; nos. 47, 48 rev. CYNKAHTOC INAI. CTPA. type, Bust of Senate: no. 39 l€PA CVNKAHTOC Bust of Senate, rev, INA€I 0€A PIIMH Head of Roma turreted, Eckhel (W^m, Fe^., 213, and B, N, F., ii.^ p. 590) mentions some other varieties, and gives it as his opinion that the epithet was derived from the part from Stratonicea to Idyma, and about 16 miles W. of Panamara. On this stone we read the name of a priestess, ’AptcrroXaty 'Apto-roXaov Svydrrjp. This Arisfcolaos is doubtless the same man who struck the coin of Stratonicea, ^ Antiquities of S> Phygia, p, 21. GREEK AND CAIUAN TOWNS. iKsiii of Caria watered by the riv'er Indus. Grantings however, that the territory of Stratonicea may possibly have included the in this region, there is still a diflB.culty in explaining the legends CYNKAHTOC INAI. CTPA., INA€I. 0€A PflMH, and INA. 0€0C CYNKAHTOC (Eckhel,I;.i\r. 7., 591). For my own part, I am convinced that these coins do not belong to the Oarian Stratonicea, but to Stratonicea ad Caicum in Lydia. Both in style and types they are far more like Lydian or Mysian coins than Oarian, and one of the Museum specimens (no. 4S) was found in the Hermus plain.* Another coin, which probably also belongs to the time of Trajan or Hadrian, bears the inscription 4^HICAM€NOY 4>AABloY AlOMHAOYC (PL xxiy. 4); whence we may infer that PL Diomedes was the rod AqfxoVj who, as we learn from inscriptions, possessed considerable authority in the proposing of motions (Gr. Inscr, in Brit Mtis.y Part iii., p. 164), and that these coins were issued in pursuance of a ^fn^cpLo-ijia proposed by him. In the time of Sept. Seyerus commences a series of bronze coins of large dimensions, of which the extant specimens are mostly in very poor preservation. They are frequently countermarked with a head of Athena and with the word 0€OV, showing that they were guaranteed by the authorities of a Temple. These large bronze coins bear the names of magistrates, pi*eceded almost always by € 7 rt, and usually by their official titles flPV. {UpvTavi^) ; APX- {’'Ap'x^cov) ; rPA. {Tpafipiarev^;) ; CTPA {Srpar7}jo<;) ; frequently followed by the name of the father, as €TTI TTPV. ACONToC AAKAI[OV] (PL xxiv. 6), and exceptionally by the numeral B, which may indicate either that the father’s name was identical * These specimens will be redescribed in their proper place in the volume dealing with the coinage of Lydia. Since writing the above, I see that M. Tmhoof-Blumer has expressed the same opinion {Bev. Suisse de dTumistncttigiue, vi., 1896). ^ k Ixxiv* INTROBrCTION, with that of the magistrate^ or that the latter was in office for the second time. In one instance (PI. xxiv. 10), where we read [€TTI] TTPV ZXICIMOV TTOCITTOV ‘B (for to it is certain that Zosimos must have been elected Upvravi^ for the second time,* To Syangela, a few miles east of Halicarnassus, Imhoof-Blumerf is inclined to attribute the drachm of Attic weight SYANGELA! , ® (63 grs.) first published by Waddington,J and assigned by him to the island of Syme, between Ehodes and the mainland, Imhoof-Blumer publishes also a bronze coin§ of the same place. Notwithstanding the fact that the drachm was acquired ^^Budrum together with coins of Oos, Miletus, Samos, &c., it seems to me that both weight and style are against its being either of Syangela or of Syme. For my own part, I prefer to assign it conjecturally to Syros, Tabae, the modern DavaSy the name of which is identical with the Carian or Lydian word Taba (rock),|| TABAE. stood on the heights at the western end of a wide and fertile plain, extending for aboub sixteen miles- in a north- easterly direction towards the lofty Salbacus range of mountains^ which ioi'med its boundaiy towards Phrygia. The Ta,87jvov ireSlov was watered by the northern branch of the river Harpasus, into which flowed from the north the tributary stream called Timeles, * I have noted the following magistrates’ names in addition to those given in the text-: — KAAY. APICT6AC (Mion., iii. 378); eiTI KAAYAIOY APICT60Y (Mion.. Z.f.) ; 6HI HPV. AC€NA(?) (Waddington Ooll.) ; €niM€AH. Tl. APICT€A (Mion., S., vi.638); 601 AVP- AIONY- CIOY. (Mion.. S., vi. 539); €TTI A€ONIAOY (Imhoof, O-r.M.,675); €TTI npv NIOC r. tion»j London, 1837, p. 8. GREEK AND CAIUAN TOWNS. Ixxv •^hicli took its rise in the high pass between the plain of Tabae and the valley of Aphrodisias {q.v.). The towns of Apollonia Salbace {Mcdet) and Heraclea Salbace {Mahuf) also overlooked the plain of Tabae from its south-eastern and north-eastern sides. According to Strabo (xiii. 13)^ the population of the Tabenian plain was a mixed one^ consisting of Carians, Phrygians^ and PisidianSj and although in com’se of time it necessarily became hellenized, there is no reason to suppose that there was any Greek settlement there^ at any rate before the second century B.C., when we first hear of Tabae as a town whose inhabitants (b.c. 189) opposed the march of On, Manlius Vulso, They were^ however^ overpowered by the Roman troopSj and subjected to a heavy fine, in consequence of this hostile demonstration,^ Prom this time until B.c. 166, Tabae, with the rest of Caria, was more or less directly subject to Rhodes, and it would seem that during this period, and perhaps previously, Tabae was a member, and probably the predominant one, of the ^ Sydtema^ of allied KojfMao called the Koivdv TapfjuavMVjf just as Stratonicea, which was sometimes called 7r6\i9 XpvcraopiojVy was the headquarters of the Ohrysadric ^ systemaJ Subsequently, as we gather from an inscription dating from about B.c. 82, J Tabae took the side of the Romans in the war against Mithradates, and, like Stratonicea, was recompensed by Sulla for its loyalty, receiving from him, and afterwards probably from the Roman Senate, the rights and privileges of avTovop^ia and of a civitas sine foedere libera et immunis. The first series of Tabenian coins may possibly belong to the latter half of the second century (after b.c. 166), when Caria was declared free by the Romans, but I am more inclined to assign them to the first century, after b.c, 81, when, at the close of the * Liw, xxxviii. 13 ; cf. Rarnsav, Aiiier, Journ, 1888, p. 272. t Bail Gon\ Hell, x. 488. X Bull Cort\ Bell, xiii. 504. Izxvi INTRODUCTION* Mithradatic war^ Tabae appears to have received the gift of autonomy. In either case no experienced eye can fail to perceive that there must have been a considerable interval of time between the issue of the drachm (p. 160^ no. 1, PL xxv. no. 1) and that of the other silver (p. 162, nos. 17-30, PI. xxv. nos. 6-11) and bronze coins, which by reason of their style, their types, and the name of one of the magistrates {Ka\Xc/cpdr7}<;) , which recurs on a coin of Nero, must necessarily belong to early Imperial times. The issue of silver coins at Tabae under the earlier Emperors indicates clearly (although there is no corroborative evidence) that privileges similar to those conferred upon Stratonicea by the Senatusconsultum of b.g. 39 (see Introd. Stratonicea, p. Ixxi.) may have been also acquired by Tabae. This inference is further strengthened by the fact that the neighbouring city of Aphrodisias was constituted eXevOipa and dreX?)? through the instrumentality of M. Antony,* and that it also began to strike silver drachms, &c., in conjunction with Plarasa at about the same time as Tabae. These considerations all point to some special privileges, including the right of coining silver, which were conferred by the Eomans upon Stratonicea, Plarasa and Aphrodisias, Tabae, Attuda, and perhaps upon other Carian towns. This right continued to be exercised at Stratonicea as late as the reign of Ant. Pius, at Tabae down perhaps to the time of Nero, and at Aphrodisias at least during the reign of Augustus. Of Attuda only one silver coin is at present known (PL x. no. 9), which seems to belong to the earlier half of the first century b.c,, in which case it would be contemporary with the earliest issue at Tabae. The coins of Tabae of Imperial times in bronze extend down to the time of Gallienus and Saloninus, It is noteworthy that in the * MoQitnsen and Marquardt, Handhuch cl, tom, AltevtliuMeTj^ Bd. iv., p. 316, 2nd ed.i Bjeokb, C, L 2737, 2815. GREEK Am GARUN TOWNS. Ixsvii time of Domitian the preposition Std takes the place of the usual eVt (see sujora, under Attuda), but this usage is limited at Tabae to coins of Domitian’s reign. The only magistrate's title on Tabenian coins is that of Archon, whicL^ from the time of Oaracalla to the end of the series^ is never omitted. To the names recorded in this volume must be added that of the Archon Sbatilius Apollonius on coins of Oaracalla and Geta {Zeit.f, i. 149), The Imperial coinage of Tabae is plentiful, showiug that it must have been in this period one of the most flourishing inland cities of Asia Minor, The reverse types prove that, in addition to the divinities which we meet with in almost every series of Imperial coins, the following were especially honoured at Tabae. These are Aphrodite, the Dioskuri, Poseidon, Homonoia(?), a goddess wear- ing a kalathos and holding grapes and corn (Demeter?), a male Pantheistic divinity, Artemis, Men, Dionysos, Pan, and Nemesis. Telmessus, a few miles N.W. of Halicarnassus, was a place hardly likely to have issued coins. The bronze pieces TELMESSUS. reading TE, TEA and TEAMHZS belong to the Lycian town of the same name. See Zeit, /. Num,, i. 151. Strabo* places Termera correctly in the Termerian peninsula, just opposite Cos, and about 12 miles west of Halicar- TERMERA. _ , , , , . . , ^ nassus and somewhat less than that south of Myndus, In old times it must have been a place of considerable importance, and we learn from Herodotus (v. 37) that in the time of Darius Hystaspes it was governed by a Tyrant named Tymnes, whose son Histiaeus held high rank as a Commander of the Carian contingent of the fleet in the expedition of Xerxes against Hellas in b.c. 480 (Herod., vii. 98), when he had probably succeeded his father as despot. Waddington f conjectures that the Tymnes whose name * xiv. 657, t J/c7. c7e Sum., p. 7. Ixxviii IKTBODUCTION, appears oa the coiu described in the present volame (p. 176j Ph xxvii. 2) was a son of this Hisfciaeus and a grandson of the Tymnes mentioned by Herodotus, If so, he must have succeeded his father Histiaeus not long after b.c. 480. In the middle of the fifth century the name of Termera occurs several times in the Athenian Tribute-lists, and it was then assessed at a higher rate than either Myndus or Halicarnassus, its nearest neighbours* Presumably, it was at this time not under the rule of a despot, but there is no evidence that it was in a position to strike money in its own name. This cessation of autonomous issues during the period of the Athenian supremacy is very noticeable at several other much more important towns, Cnidus, for instance, where the absence of a coinage during this time is surprising. Termera henceforth appears to have been eclipsed by the neighbouring city of Halicar* nassus, and circ. b.c. 367 its inhabitants were transported by Mausolus to his new capital. It is true that Pliny (v. 107) mentions Termera as still in existence in his time, and he seems to call it a clvitas libera; but, as Waddington {Rev* Num*^ 1856, 55) points out, the word libera perhaps applies to Bargylia, which stands next in Pliny^s lists, for it is quite conceivable that the words Bargylia and libera may have been transposed by a copyist. If Termera had been a civitas libera in Roman times, it would almost certainly have coined money, Ptolemy and Pliny both class Trapezopolis to Caria, and, although it was situated on the north-eastern or Phrygian side of the Salbacus range, near the modern Assar and Kadi Keuiy'^ it was included in the convent us of Alabanda. The coins, which are wholly of the Imperial period and which extend, so far as we know, only to the time of Severus and Domna, are Carian rather than Phrygian in appearance. The prevalent use of * Kamsa}^ A)it, of A, v. GUEEK AISID CAKIAN TOWNS. Ixxix Sta in place of Itt/ before the magistrate's name serves to connect Trapezopolis with the small group of towns in nortb-east Caria, Attuda, CidramuSj Apollonia Salbace^ Tabae^ and with Laodicea ad Lycum, where the same custom has been noticed. In the time of Au- gustus the magistrate's name in the nominative case is accompanied by a monogram. Next in order of time follow the coins on which the name in the genitive is preceded by These seem to belong to the period between the reigns of Domitian and M. Aurelius, but they are without the heads or names of the Emperors (PI, xxvii. 5-6). In the time of Sept. Severus the magistrate's name is preceded by his title 1Ap')^\ovTos;'] or by iirl In one instance the name of the father is added (p. 179, no. ]1), and in another that of a colleague in oiBBlce (no. 13). The types Dionysos, Men, Asklepios, Nemesis, Apollo, Kybele, may be compared with the similar types at the neighbouring and more important city Attuda, which I also include in Caria rather than in Phrygia, An alliance coin between Attuda and Trapezopolis is pilblished by Sestini {Mus, Sederv., ii. 339, Tab. xxvi. 8). The inclusion in this alliance of Eumenia in Phrygia with Attuda and Trapezopolis is probably due to a wrong reading of a magistrate's name. This coin, as Ramsay remarks [C. B. P/ir., 166), indicates more than a mere alliance, it marks the two cities as conterminous, and united in the worship of the same goddess, whose name, as we learn from inscriptions, was M7]T7}p UlSpacrroy. Ixxx intuOduction. § III.— Satraps op Caeia. Prom the beginuiag of the hegemony of Athens^ b.c. 469, dow'n to the time of her Sicilian losses during the Peloponnesian war, the Greek towns on the Carian coasts were for the most part attached to the Athenian League, and, with the exception perhaps of Cos, struck few coins. Nor was there any coinage as yet in the interior of Caria. On the break up of the League, circ. b.o. 412, the Greek cities, together with the whole of Oaria, were assigned to the satrapy of Tissaphernes, after the suppression of the revolt of the rebellious Satraps Pissuthnes and his son Amorges. It is to Tissaphernes and to the mint of lasus that M. Six* and M. Babelonj' have recently attributed the fine and unique tetradrachm of Rhodian weight, ohr. Head of Satrap, rev. BA5IA Lyre.J The date of the issue of this coin, according to M. Six, was B.c. 411, according to M. Babelon, b.c. 395. After the death of Tissaphernes the Satrapy of Caria south of the Maeander was bestowed by the Great King upon Hecatomnus of Mylasa, in whose family it remained down to the capture of Halicarnassus by Alexander, b.c. 334. The policy consistently adhered to by the Hecatomnids from first to last was the aggrandizement of their own family at the expense, on the one hand, of the independent Carian communities and of the semi- autonomous Greek cities and islands, and, on the other hand, of the King of Persia. The following brief historical and chronological notes will perhaps suffice for numismatic purposes. * Num. CJiTon.y 1888, p. 107 sq. t -Se'y. Num,, 1892, p. 424 aq, J B. M. Cat. lon.j PL xxxi. 6. SATRAPS OP CAEIA. Ixxxi B.C. 390—386. B.C. 387. Hecatomnus, as Satrap of Caria, dominates tlie ancient Cariau League, and threatens the independence of the Greek cities on the coast. He strikes drachms of Attic weight, probably at Mylasa: Ohv, EKA Fore- part of Lion looking back; Rg%, Star in incuse circle.^ The types of these coins are imitated from those of Miletus. Hecatomnus and Autophradates of Lydia commissioned by Artaxerxes Mnemon to suppress the revolt of Evagoras I, king of Salamis in Cyprus. Evagoras maintains his position, secretly supported by Hecatomnus. Peace of Antalcidas. Greek towns in Caria assigned to Hecatomnus. Probable date of issue of Tetradrachms of Phoenician weight : Ohv. Zeus Labraundos ; Rev, EKATOM Lion (PL xxviii. 1). Halicarnassus assigned by Hecatomnus to his eldest son Mausolus, Probable date of issue of coins by Mausolus of the Samian (?) Standard and Milesian types ; Ohv. M A Lion's head and fore-leg ; Rev, Star. I Mausolus succeeds to the Satrapy of Caria, Synoikismos of six Lelegian towns with Halicarnassus, and removal of the satrapal residence from Mylasa to that city. Opposition to Mausolus on the part of the old Carian League, and accusation of disloyalty to the Persian King preferred against him by Arlissus of Mylasa. The city of Mylasa confiscates property of Arlissus, and bestows it upon Mausolus. B.C. 386. MABSOLUS. B.C. 377. B.C. 367(1). B.C. 366. * B. M, Cat. Ion., P]. xxi. 5. -f B. M. Cat, Ion,, PI. xxi. 6. I Ixxxii INTRODUCTION. lasus also exiles opponents of Mausolus and confiscates their property.* Probable date of the first issue by Mausolus of Tetradrachms and Drachms of the Rhodian standard : Obv, Head of B.C. 366. Apollo laur., facings as on previous autonomous coins of Halicarnassus (PL xviii, 3) ; Eev, MAY5SHAAO Zeas Labraundos (PL xxviii. 2-4). A comparison of this figure with that on the coin of Hecatomnus (PI. xxviii. 1) shows that it is a mere copy, quite devoid of the life and spirit of the original conception. Mausolus commissioned to quell with his fleet the rebellious Satrap Ariobarzanes at Assus and Adramyteum. B.C. 364. ^ He all the while secretly fosters the rebellion and allies himself with Agesilaus. Collapse of the Rebellion, Mausolus reverts to his allegiance to the Great King. Destruction of Hecatomnus^s B,C. 361. ^ statue at Mylasa by adherents of the old Carian party. The Demos of Mylasa confiscates their property. Rhodes, Chios, and Cos revolt from Athens and form a separate alliance with Mausolus. Decree of Erythrae in B.C. 367. his honour. Athens makes peace with the separate League. Mausolus suc- cessfully supports the Aristocrats against the B.C, 366. Democratic party at Rhodus, Cos subject to Mausolus. Unsuccessful attempt upon the life of Mausolus by Manitas and Thyssus of Mylasa, members of the Carian B.C. 363. ^ J ' Nationalist party. B.C. 363. Death of Mausolus. The Carian Koivov still issues independent decrees and sends * Bull, CoiT, Hell,i v.j 493. SATKAPS OP CAEIA. Ixxxiii its own envoys to Persia. The Carian towns^ though tributary to the SatrapSj continue to retain their autonomy. Artemisia, widow of Mausolus, succeeds him, and may have con- tinued to coin in his name. The Democratic party 3^1 ascendent in Rhodes. Rhodian attack upon Halicarnassus repulsed. Rhodes and Heraclea ad Latmum, both free after the death of Mausolus, regained strategems of Artemisia. B.c. 352. Building of the Mausoleum. B.C. 351. Death of Artemisia. Hidrieus second son of Hecatomnus, succeeds to HIDEIEXrS. the Satrapy of Oaria^ and marries his younger sister Ada. He is commissioned to suppress the revolt in Cyprus. Chios and Tralles subject to him. Coins of Hidrieus similar to those of Mausolus, The reverse type of his ^ Drachm a Milesian star (PI. xxviii. 8).* i Drachms of Mausolus are unknown. ADA. B.C. 344. Hidrieus dies, and Ada, his sister and widow, succeeds him in the Satrapy, and may also have continued to issue coins in his name. Pixodarus, the youngest son of Hecatomnus, seizes the Carian Satrapy. His sister Ada retires to the inland ^^B 0^340^^’ fo^^tress of Alinda, which she continues to hold till Alexander's invasion. Pixodarus with other Satraps sent to oppose B.C. 340t ^ 1 Philip of Macedon during his attacks upon Permthus and Byzantium. Chios, Cos, and Rhodes, dependent upon Caria, send contingents.f Cf. Cat. Ion., PI. sxi. 5-7. t Diod., xvi. 77. Ixxxiv INTRODUCTION. B.C. 337. B.C. 337. Influence of Pixodarus in Lycia. His gifts to Xantlius, Tlos, and Pinara.* Artaxerxes Oclios murdered. Arses King of Persia^ B.C. 337-335. Ada tlie younger, daughter of Pixodarus, offered in marriage (i) to Arrhidaeus son of Philip of Macedon, (ii) to Alex- ander, and (iii) finally married to Orontobates, a Persian of exalted rank. Pixodarus’ silver coinage consists of Di drachms, Drachms and Quarter Drachms similar to those of Hidrieus, but no Tetradrachms bearing his name have yet been found. Pixodarus also initiates a gold coinage (PL xxviii. 9-12) : Ohv, Head of Apollo in profile, as on contemporary coins of Miletus f ; Eev, Zeus Labraundos, as on the silver coins of himself and his pre- decessors. The fact that Pixodarus issued gold coins, a prerogative of the Great King which he never delegated to his satraps, is a sign rather of a general relaxation of direct Persian control than of any ^ special claim of absolute independence on the part of Pixodarus. It must also be borne in mind that Philipps gold mines and his new mints were now in active operation, and that gold money of various kings and cities was about this time being introduced into general circulation in the West. B.C. 336. Arses killed. Darius III, King of Persia. OEONTOBATES. Pixodarus dies, and his Satrapy is inherited by B.C. 334. Orontobates, the husband of his daughter Ada. Orontobates strikes tetradrachms of the usual type, but reading POONTOrATO, the Carian form of the name which was Graecized by Arrian % as 'OpovTo^drri^.% Eckhels and Mionnet’s reading OOONTOPATO is erroneous. * PertscL, in M. Sclimidt*s Nene Lyhische Btudien^ 1869, p. 1 sqq. t B. M. Cat Ion., PL xxi. 9-11. X Anah,, ii. 5, 7. § Rev. Ntom.j 1887, p. 94. SATRAPS OF CARIA. Ixxxv Alexander takes Halicarnassus^ but Oroutobates continues to bold tbe fortresses in Salmacis and on the island, as well B.C. 334. as Myndus, Caunus and other towns^ till b.c. 333. On Alexander's death Asander receives the Oarian B.c. 323. satrapy. IV. — Islands of Caria. ASTYPALAEA. Astypalaea, one of the Sporades midway between Cos and AmorgoSj was said to have been named after Astypalaea^ daughter of Phoenix and PerimedOj sister of Europa. Astypalaea was mother of Ancaeus^ king of the Leleges* and of SamoSj also of Eurypylus^ king of Cos. The geographical position of the island, which lay on the direct trade-route between Phoenicia, Cyprus, Rhodes, Cnidus, Cos, on the east, and European Greece on the west, gaye it no doubt a commercial importance. Its name occurs in the Athenian quota listf B.c. 440 and in the assessment list of 425, but the amount of its assessment is wanting. In b.c. 436 it is rated at 200 drachms f as the sum payable to Athena, which at the rate of 1 mina per talent gives 12000 dr. (about £480) as the yearly tribute. Astypalaea struck no coins before the third century, and sub- sequently only small bronze coins, in its own name. The foundation of Alexandria must have largely added to the value of Astypalaea as a station on the route to Egypt. The prevailing types of the coins point to a special cultus of Perseus, and they bear a remarkably close resemblance to those of * Pans., vii. 4. + DUtenberger, Sylloge, p, 34. f Hicks, Gk. Hist, hiscr., p. 48. Ixxxvi INTEODUCTION. Seriphos, which it is dilBBcult to account for^ as SeriphoSj the special home of the cult of Perseus, though on the same trade-route, was not a very near neighbour of Astypalaea. In the second century b.c. the port of Astypalaea, owing doubt- less to the conyenience of its harbour for vessels trading between Alexandria and the West, rose so much in commercial importance that, like Rhodes, Cnidus, Nisyros, Cos,- &c. (all stations on the same trade-route), it was constituted (perhaps by the Ptolemies then predominant in the Aegean Sea) a mint for the issue of tetradrachms and even of gold staters of the Alexandrine type,* bearing the harp a of Perseus as a distinctive symbol. This prosperity would seem to have been undiminished in the year b.c. 105, when Astypalaea by a Senatusconsultum received the rights of a Ci vitas Poederata. One copy of this decree was ordered to be deposited in the Capitol and a second in the temple of Athena and Asklepios at Astypalaea.f Of Calymna, which lay off* the coast of Caria, about ten miles west of Myndus and the same distance north of Cos, CALYKNA. . , ^ ’ ancient silver staters are extant (PI. xxix, 8), which seem from their rude archaic style to belong to the earlier half of the sixth century b.c. In weight these coins correspond with the silver coins of Croesus of Lydia, b.c. 568-554. J In style the helmeted head on the obverse resembles in its primitive rudeness and coarse- ness some of the earliest Athenian tetradrachms, § These Calym- nian staters are, with those of Athens, among the earliest examples known of coins bearing a type in the incuse of the reverse. The adaptation of the form of the incuse to the shape of the lyre which * Muller, Num. d'Alex.y nos. 1170-1172. *f ev *Ao-rv7raXaieGJV iv ra tejow rrjs Ka\ rov 'AaKKrjTriov Kal Trpos ra /3to/iw [rou At6?(?) Katj rrjs Hicks, GJc> Mist. Inscr.y p. 349 ; Boeckh, C. I. G., 2485. J Head, Mist, Mum., p, 546. § Cf. B. M, Cat. Attica, PL ii. ISLANDS OF CANIA. Ixxxvii it contains is also an indication of liigli antiquitjj and, so far as I rememlDer^ only found on early elec tram staters of the seventh or sixth century b.c. attributed to Parium(?)* and to Miletus(?)jf and on archaic silver coins of Eretria in Euboea J and Apollonia ad Ehyndacuiri.§ The head of the bearded warrior may be that of Ares or of some legendary hero.|| The chelys on the reverse is presumably the symbol of the Delian Apollo, the ruins of whose temple are still to be seen at Oalymna. In fabi'ic there is a very remarkable difference between these Calymnian coins and the earliest issues of Cos, Cnidus, lalysus, Camirus, Lindus, Posidium Carpathi, &c., which are as a rule thick and bean-shaped, while those of Calymna are thin, flat and spread, in the style of most of the coins of Eretria in Euboea. From the sixth century b.c, down to circ. 300 b.c. Calymna does not appear to have coined aoy money, but early in the third century its coinage became plentifuh Patonand Hicks ^ are of opinion that Calymna (probably early in the third century) became a dependency of Cos, The Calymnian silver coins seem, however, to indicate that the island must have retained its independence at least down to the middle of the third century, for a comparison of the style, fabric, and weig’ht of the later Calymnian silver coins (Pi. xxix. 9) with those of Cos (PL xxxi. 2, &c.) shows so close a resemblance between them that it is impossible to attribute them to different periods, and the Coan specimens cannot be placed earlier than b.c. 300. The fact that in the large hoard of nearly 10,000 Calymnian coins found in the island in 1823,** mixed with coins of Ehodes, Cos, and of the Carian Satraps, Mausolus, Hidrieus, and Pixodarus, no coins * * B. M. Cat. Io7i.j PI. ii, 14. t Ibid., PL iii. 5, 6. J-B. M. Cat. Cent. Gr., PI. xxlii. 4. - § B- PI. ii. 1. II Of. early coins of Aeneia in Macedon ; B. M. Gat. Mac., p. 41. ■jf Inscr. of Cos, p. 353, Num. Chron , ix., 166, Ixzxviii INTRODUCTION. f of Alexander the Great were present is perhaps remarkable, but it cannot weigh against the clear evidence afforded by the style of ■the Goan specimens (PI. zxxi. 2 sqq.). It is worthy of note that while all the coins of Cos bear magi- strates^ names in addition to the ethnic KHION^ those of Calymna have only KAAYMNION. Whether this absence of the name of the eponymous magistrate may be significant of dependence upon Cos is a doubtful point. All that is known concerning Carpathos, which gave its name to CABPATHOS. the sea between Crete and Rhodes, and which in early times must have been of considerable im- portance, owing to its intermediate position between those great islands, is to be found in Imhoof-Blumer^s valuable article in the Zeitschri^ fur Numismatihf^ where all previous notices are collected. The attribution to the city of Posidium of the sixth century silver staters (PL xxix. 14, 15) similar in style to those of Camirus (PI. xxxiv. 7) and in weight to those of Lindus (PL xxxiv. 12) is due to Imhoof-Blumer, in whose collection is a specimen on which the letters POS are clearly legible.-)- Thirds of the stater are likewise known, weighing about 67 grs.J Posidium (the modern Fosin)j on the eastern coast of the island, faced the southern end of Rhodes, and was equally accessible from either Camirus or Lindus. Its name is mentioned only by Ptolemy. § In addition to that of Posidium, the names are re- corded of four other towns in the island, Brykus, Carpathus, Arkeseia, and Nisyrus, but no coins have been found of any of these places, Posidium, therefore, seems to have been the * Bd. i., p, 153. *f Zeit. f. Num.j i.,-Pl. iii. 20 ; Mon. Gn, PL P, 9 ; and CkoiXj PL iv. 143, J Imhoof-Blumer, Mon. Gr., PL P. 10. § Cfeo^.y v. 2. ISLANDS OP CARIA. Ixxxis CHALCE or CHALCIA, COS. principal port so long as Carpathos retained its antonomy. It was probably the chief city of the original Carpathians '(Ereofcap^ irddioi etc Kapirddov), wbo appear separately in the Athenian Qaota Lists as paying 1,000 drachms, the same amount at which, the people of ^Apfcecreta KapirdOov are rated in contemporary lists. Chalce or Chalcia, a small island off the west coast of Hhodes. The little bronze coins attributed to it by M. Six {Num. Ghron,y 1890, p. 246) are in the present volume assigned conjee turally to Ghalcetor (p. 79 and xlv. sujpra). The history, epigraphy, and numismatics of Cos have been so thoroughly investigated by Paton and Hicks,* that it is hardly possible to add much in this catalogue to that which has been already fully discussed by them. Since the publication of the above-mentioned exhaustive treatise there have, however, come to light some archaic silver coins (PI, XXX. 1, 2) which call for a few additional comments. There is also, unnoticed by Paton and Hicks, a small electrum coin (wt. 1*9 grs.),f {Ohv. Crab; Rev. Incuse square quartered), which is the 96th part of a stater, dating from the seventh century b.c., either of the Phoenician standard, or, perhaps more probably, of the Aeginetic standard, according to which the earliest Coan silver coins, like those of Cnidus (PL xiii. 7), of Chios, f and of Cyme (?)§ were adjusted* These seventh century silver staters are all characterized by the addition of a small incuse square (probably as a countermark) beside the larger square. The fact Vllth cent. Staters of Aeginetic wt. that all the earliest coins of Cyme, Teos, Chios, Cos, Chersonesus, Idyma(?), Camirus, are of Aeginetic weight, as are also those of the Cretan cities, seems to show that the com- * Insc7*r. of Gos.^ Oxford, 1891. t P- H. Cal:. Ion., p. 6, no. 29. t Num. Chron., 1890, PI. ii. 15. § B. M. Cat. Troas, &c., PI. xix. 4-7. m XC . INTUODtJCTION. mercjal activity of all these places was in the seventh and sixth centuries b.o» chiefly directed towards the Aegean islands and the Peloponnesus, while, on the other hand, Lindas, lalysus, Poseidium in Carpathos, Miletus^ and most of the towns on the mainland of Asia Minor traded principally with the East, if the Phoenician standard of their earliest coins warrants such an inference. « The chief city of Cos, which originally bore the same name as the island, was situated in or near the bay now called Kastr% towards the western extremity of Cos, and exactly opposite Cnidus and the Triopian promontory, from which it was distant only about thirty English miles in a direct line. At the temple of Apollo on this promontory the members of the Dorian pentapolis, Cnidus, Cos, lalysus, Camirus and Lindas, met from time to time, perhaps annually, to celebrate the Triopian Festivals. It was probably on these occasions that the several cities of the League struck their early coins. The precise signification of the crab as the special emblem of Cos is very doubtful, but that it was a symbol intimately connected with the cult of Herakles seems quite certain from the fact that from the fourth century downwards it is constantly accompanied by the Heraklean Club, while on certain coins of Imperial times (PI. xxxiii. 4, 5) it is seen at the feet of Herakles himself. The myth, as related by Hyginus* and Apollodorus,f tells how a crab bit the foot of Herakles while he was struggling with the Lernaean Hydra, and this may be cited in illustration of tbe connection of the crab with Herakles, though in the Goan tradition it would appear from the coin-types that the crab must have been regarded rather as an ally than as an enemy of Herakles. * 2 AHron.j 23. t BibJ,, I ii., c. 6, § 2. ISLANDS 01’ CAEIA. XCl In the fifth century^ to which the next issue of Coan coins TDelong*s, Vtla cent, Tetradrachms of Attic wt. we find that tetradrachms of Attic weight have replaced the Aeginetic coins of the seventh and sixth centuries. The Heraklean Crab now occu-* pies the reverse, while the obverse is devoted to an agonistic type, a naked Discobolus before a prize tripod, which clearly alludes to the Triopian games (PI. xxx. 3-5). It is a noteworthy fact, though one which is hard to explain, that although Cnidus and Cos were both tributary allies of Athens during the greater part of the fifth century b.c. (each paying three Talents yearly), Cnidus does not appear to have coined any money,- for there is an interval between czVc. b.c. 479 and 412 in the series of the coins of Cnidus, while, on the other hand, Cos during this very period issued tetradrachms of Attic weight, inscribed at first KOS, later KIIS, and finally KIIION. After these fifth century issues of Attic tetradrachms there follows a considerable interval, daring which no coins seem to have been struck in Cos. Various influences were at work in the fourth century tending to divert the trade-route from the western to the eastern extremity of the island. Among these influences the most powerful was doubtless the synoikismos of six Lelegian towns in the neighbourhood of Halicarnassus with that city, eflected by Mausolus in b.c. 367. The removal of the Carian capital from Mylasa to so favourable a site as Halicarnassus was immediately followed by an influx of commercial prosperity, which is attested by the rich series of coins which Mausolus began at once to pour forth from his mint at Halicarnassus. The towns and demes of Cos, in order to attract to their own Foundation of New City, B.C. 366. island some share of the new trade just beginning to flow in increased volume through the narrow strait which divided Cos from the mainland, now XCll INTRODUCTION* found themselves impelled to transfer the chief emporium of their commerce from the western to the eastern extremity of the island. Here, at the eastern point of Cos, there had existed from of old a small and comparatively unimportant town, by name Kw? MepoTrtv,* and on the sea-shore near this old town the new capital was built, and a closed harbour constructed, the older capital being henceforth known as 'Acrv'TraKaia or Xw? 97 ^AcrTviraKaia. This synoikismos of the Ooans, following shortly after that of the Rhodians and that of the Lelegian towns round Halicarnassus, forms part of a general movement of previously scattered populations towards the shores of the trade-route from Egypt and Syria through Cyprus to the west. The failure of Athens to maintain her ascendency and to continue to levy tribute, the incompetence of Sparta to uphold the rule of the oligarchical minorities, and the utter impotence of Persia, all contributed to the independent growth of a few of the most favourably situated Greek cities on the coasts of Asia Minor and the adjacent islands, and to the increasing prosperity of such com- mercial centres as Rhodus, Halicarnassus, Cos, Ephesus, &c. This is clearly manifest from the renewed activity in the mints of all these places which is noticeable in the fourth century b.c,- Of the rise and growth of the new city of Cos, Diodorus Siculus (xv. 76 ) gives the following account : — Se rovroc^; 7rpaTro/jLevot<: KSol fJier(pK7](7av eh Tyv vvv olfcovjjbivrjv TroXtVt real KareaKevaaav avrijv d^LoXoyov' re 7^^ avhpcov eh ravjrjv rjOpoiadr], Kal rei^n ttoXv- reX?7 Kareo-Hevdo-Or), kol Xtpb^v a^toXoyo?. Atto tovtcov tS>v xpovcov del pdXKov r}V^t]67] TrpocroSoi? re hr)pboaLaL<; koX roh IhiairdiV TrXouTOi?, icaX to crvz^oXoi^ evapaWo^ e7ei^ero rah rrpoorevovaai^ 7r6Xe(Tiv.’\ * Paton and Hicks, Inscn\ of CoSy Introd., p. xlix. t Cf, Strabo, xiv., ii. 19. ISLANDS OF-CAETA, XClll The new capital of the island of Oos^ founded in b.c. 366^ began at „ . „ once to issue silver and bronze coins. The tetra- Gomag^e after B.C. 366 on the drachms of Attic weight issued by the old city of Ehodian Standard '"AaTV'irdXata) during the latter half of the previous century were now discarded. The weight standard of the coinage of the new city was assimilated to that which already pre- vailed at Chios^ Rhodus, Cnidus, Ephesus, Samos, Halicarnassus (under Mausolus), &c. (Tetradrachm 240-230 grs. (max.), Didrachm 122-110 grs., Drachm 60-55 grs.). This standard is for conveni- ence sake, though erroneously, called ^ Rhodian ^ ; for it is certain that it was already in use at some cities (e.g. Chios) long before the foundation of Rhodus, b.c. 408. It is, I am inclined to think, merely a reduced form of the Attic standard (Tetradrachm 270-260 grs.), notwithstanding the fact that, at some places (eg. Ephesus), it replaces a previous coinage not of the Attic but of the so-called Phoenician weight (Tetradrachm circ. 220 grs.). At Cos, however, and at some other towns, it replaces an older currency of Attic weight. The types of the new Coan issues (b.c. 366-300, PL xxx. 6-15) are, on the obverses. Heads of Herakles, always bearded on the tetradrachms, and either bearded or youthful on the didrachms. The reverse types are the Heraklean Crab and Club, or a veiled female head, perhaps Demeter, on the didrachms* with the bearded head and on the obverses of the bronze coins. The legend is always KHION for KX1IX2N, a survival of the old spelling which was maintained on the coins down to the second century b.c. Prom B.c. 366 onwards the coins of Cos bear the name in the nominative case of a magistrate, perhaps of the Momp;^09, the * The same veiled head is also, though very rarely, met with on tetradrachms ; cf. the specimen (PL xlv. 5) in Dr. Weber’s cabinet. XCIV INTRODUCTION. eponymous magistrate of the town, or not improbably of one of the npoa-Tdrai, as on the drachms of a later date (b.o. 166-88).* After the capture of Halicarnassus by Alexander's general Ptolemy, b.c. 333, all the Carian coast towns submitted to the Macedonian rule, but there is nothing to show that any Mace- donian coins were issued at this time from the Coan mint. After the death of Alexander the island fell to the share of the kings of Egypt, and in B.c. 309 Ptolemy Soter, with his Qaeen Berenice, passed the winter at Cos, where their son Philadelphus was born. It is to this period of the Ptolemaic rule that I would assign the next issue of Coan coins. The tetradraclims and didrachms of this series bear a head of young Herakles, the unmistakeable Lysippean B,C. 800—190. ^ .... treatment of which distinguishes it from that on the coins of the preceding age, in spite of the fact that the incuse square is still retained on some of the earlier specimens of the period. On the drachms of this time the head of the bearded Herakles still survives (PL xxxi. 7, 8); but the recurrence on these coins of the names of several magistrates, e.g., EMPPEPflN, MoSXIXlN, POAYAPXOS on drachms, and AHMHTPloC, CTEANOC, &c., on hemidrachms (PL xxxi. 9, 10), the latter with the youthful head of Herakles, compel us to assign' these to the same period as the didi'achms. The bronze coins of this time, like the larger silver coins, bear a head of the youthful Herakles. (PL xxxi. 11, 12). ' * In the second Macedonian War (b.c 200-196) and in the war against Autiochus (b.c. 191-188) Cos, like Rhodes, B.c. 190—166. . . had remained faithful to the Romans, and after the decisive victory at Magnesia (b.c. 190) was rewarded for her ^ See infra, p. 206, nos. 125-131. ISLANDS OF CAPJA. XCV fidelity by the grant of avrovo^la.^- To this period I would assign the Coan tetradrachms of the Alexandrine type with crab, club, and sometimes magistrate's name in front of the seated figure of Zeus on the reyerse.f The Attic standard, which was gaining ground about this time all along the west coast of Asia Minor, was thus adopted at Cos for the tetradrachms, but the Coan or Ehodian weight was retained for the didrachms and drachms. The head of Herakles on the didrachms and bronze coins is represented for the first time nearly facing (PL xxxi. 13), like the head of Helios on the contemporary gold coins of Rhodes (PL xxxix. 19). The drachms still show the bearded head of Herakles in profile (PL xxxi. 15), and are only distinguishable from those of an earlier date by their flatter fabric and the omission of the dotted square on the reverse. At the close of this period the more modern spelling KfllflN begins for the first time to replace the older form KHION on some of the smaller denominations in silver and bronze (PI. xxxi. 16, &c.). In the next period, b.c, 166-88, a complete change takes place in the coinage both of Cos and Rhodes, and at Cos the B.C. 166—88. change is even more apparent than it is at Rhodes, for the time-honoured Heraklean types of Dorian origin were now generally abandoned in favour of types relating to Asklepios, whose worship had gradually eclipsed that of Herakles, and who had come to be the representative divinity of the island. The most remarkable coin of this time is, however, the unique tetradrachm of light Attic weight (256^ grs.) in the Hunter Col- lection Ohv. Head of Aphrodite, wearing myrtle-wreath, diadem and necklace; Itev. KIIIXIN NIKOSTPATOS Asklepios, with * Cf Plin., N. R., v.,10P f Muller, Num, d'Alex., no. 1153 ; Pa ton and Hicks, Inscr. of Cos^ p. 311. ■J Combe, Besc. Num, vet, in. Mas. Hunter, p. 112, no. 1; cf. Dutcns, Tab. iv. fig* 4. XCVl INTRODUCTION. himation over lower limbs and left shoulder, standing r., and leaning with left arm on serpent-staff (PI. xlv. 6). The head of Aphrodite on this coin reminds us that the most famous among the works of Apelles was his Aphrodite anadyomene (rising from the sea), which he painted for the Goans, and that Praxiteles also had executed for the city of Cos a half-draped statue of Aphrodite> which the Goans chose in preference to his more widely renowned naked figure of the same goddess, which was purchased by the Ouidians (cf. PL xlv. 11). Whether the Attic standard was, from b.c. 166 onwards, also adopted for the smaller denominations is a doubtful point, as these small coins might have passed equally well either as Attic tetrobols and triobols or as drachms and tetrobols of Rhodian weight. It is perhaps preferable to call them Rhodian. They are characterized by the restoration of the incuse square in a shallow form, on the reverses, an archaistic fashion, introduced in the first instance at the Rhodian mint and imitated on the mainland by the Lycians, &c. The drachms(?) of this period bear the ancient types: Ohv. Head of young Herakles; Bev. Crab and club (PL xxxii. 1). The tetrobols (?), on the other hand, have on the ohv, a head of Asklepios, and on the rev, a coiled serpent (PL xxxii. 2-5). These may be divided into the following classes : — (a) Eev, Kill 12 N and one magistrate's name. (/S) Eev. KX2N and one magistrate’s name. (y) Rev. Kill or KI2 and one magistrate’s name accompanied by his title nPOIlTA[T779]. (S) Rev, KI2I, KI2, or KI2N and names of two magistrates (IJpocrraTat ?), Nearly all these coins have unexplained letters or mint-marks, A) A, E, H or AP, outside the incuse square. These letters are perhaps the initials of the officinae of the mint, or, less probably, numerals. ISLANDS OF CARIA. XCVll Tlie bronze coins of this period, with the head of the youthful Herakles three-quarter face towards r, (PI. xxsii. 6), closely resemble the issues of the previous period (PL xxxi. 17, 18), though they are distinctly later in style and are inscribed KI2II2N in place of the earlier form KHION. There is no possibility of fixing any exact chronological lower limit to tbe long series of silver coins above described, bearing the names of two magistrates, but it can hardly have continued after the time of the Mithradatic war. The silver coins which seem to fall into the next period, which extends from the time of Sulla to the Tyranny Circ. B.C. 88—50. _ , of Nikias, whose date may be assumed to be circ, B.C. 50, are few in number, and divisible into three classes: — (a) Head of Apollo. Eev. Lyre. Wt. 24-16 grs. (PL xxxii. 7.) (/?) Head of Asklepios. Serpent staff. Wt. 39 grs. (PJ. xxxii. 9.) (y) Head of Asklepios. Eeo, Coiled serpent. Wt. 36-33 grs. (PL xxxii. 11.) Circ. B.C. 60- Augustus. There are also bronze coins of each of these three classes of larger size than any previously struck in Cos. (PL xxxii. 8, 10, 12.) These lead up to the still larger bronze pieces which bear the name and portrait of Nikias (PL xxxii. 13), a tyrant of the island concerning whom we know scarcely anything.^ This brings us down to Imperial times, during which the coinage consists exclusively of bronze. It ranges from Augustus to Philip Jun. The most interesting types occur on coins without emperors^ heads ; * nos. 209 and 210, having on the reverse the seated Herakles with an infant on his arm and a crab at his feet, are especially noteworthy. f Imperial Times. * Strab.j xiv. p. 668. Paton and Hicks, Introd.j p. xL t (See p. xc.j xcviu INTRODUCTION. MEGISTE. The coins bearing portraits of the famous Ooan physicians^ Hippokrates and Xenophon (nos. 212 — 216), with Asklepian reverse types, are also remarkable, especially no. 215, on which Xenophon has the title Tepeu?, The small island of Megiste, though geographically attached to the coast of Lycia, seems from the Doric dialect of the few inscriptions which have been copied in the island,* and from the types and weight of its rare silver drachms, to have been colonized from Ehodes. As, however, it struck money in its own name, and as the head of Helios as represented on the obverse of its coins is purposely differentiated from that on the contemporary coins of Ehodes, it may be safely inferred that at the time of their issue, in the latter part of the fourth century B.C., Megiste was an autonomous city. The head of the god on these drachms (PI. xxxiv. 1-3) is in profile and surrounded by a radiate disk. It is apparently copied from a gold stater of Lampsacus in the Waddington Oollection,f the date of which seems to be circ. b.c. 350. There are also small bronze coins of Megiste, similar to the silver drachms (p. 221, no, 4). As no later coins of Megiste are known, it is presumable that when, with the Ehodian Peraea, it fell under the direct rule of Ehodes, it was deprived of the right of coinage {circ, B.c. 300), and that when the Ehodians lost their possessions on the mainland (b.c. 168), Megiste may have been attached to Lycia. Of the small volcanic island of Hisyros, which lies midway between the Triopian promontory and the southern point of Cos, from which it was said to have, been torn off NISYROS. * Boeckh, G. L G., iii., 4301 ; Le Bas-Wadd., 1268 ; BulL Gom HelL, xvi,, 304 t Sist, Ktm., p. 456, fig. 281. ISLANDS OF CARTA. SCIX by Poseidon with his trident and hurled upon the Giant Polybotes^ there is a good account in Rosses Travels."* * * § ^ The two following rare silver drachms, neither of which is in the British Museum, must be here described ; — Obv, Young male head bare, within wreath. Rev. N — I Eose with tendril and bud on either side. JR 47 grs. (Millingen, Syll,^ PL ii, 50.) Ohv. Head of Artemis ? r., wearing stephane, earring and necklace. Rev, NIZYPION Poseidon facing, seated towards 1. on rock, Iris IMEPAIoZ right hand resting on his trident, liis left on the rock; himation over lower limbs. JR 35 grs. (Imhoof Coll. Zeit.f. Num.^ i,, PI. iv. 18.) The first of these pieces shows that Nisyros, like Megiste, struck coins with the Ehodian rose on the reverse. The difference of the obverse type from that of the Rhodian coins is, however, sufficient to prove that Nisyros was independent of Rhodes. The other coin, with the seated Poseidon on the reverse, is also clearly autonomous and contemporary with the bronze coins, nos, 1-7, in the present catalogue (PL xxxiv. 4, 5). The coinage of Nisyros thus falls altogether into the latter half of the fourth century b.c. The seated figure of Poseidon on the drachm, and the dolphin and trident on the bronze coins, point to the predominance of the cult of Poseidon in the island.f Muller J ascribes to the town of Nisyros some second century tetradrachms of the Alexandrine types. This attribution is, however, certainly erroneous, as it rests upon a false basis. The tetradrachms in question bear as an adjunct symbol a bucranium, which is the reverse type of certain bronze coins § formerly assigned * Eoss, Reisen auf den Oi^lecli. Ins., ii,, 67. ■j" Strab., X., p. 488. ndkiv 6fj.^vvfxov Ka\ Xifxiva koX Sepfia Kai Ho(T€t- bS>vos Upov. J Hum. dAlex., nos. 1168-9. § Mion,, iii., p. 412, no. 102, and S^cp2^l, vi., p. 584, nos. 144-147. c INTllODUCTION. to Nisyros^ but whicb belong in reality to Aegina.'*'^ Thus, with the disappearance of the bucranium as a coin-type of Nisyros, there is no longer any reason for attributing to so small and unimportant a town the Alexandrine tetradrachms in question. The admirable situation and climate of Ehodes, and the commer- cial genius of its population, contributed to make it BHonES. ^ . . a great maritime power, and the wise and just laws, which the merchants of Ehodes strove to apply in their dealings with the other sea-faring peoples, soon raised the island to a position of influence unsurpassed by that of any other Greek state. Of the three ancient cities of Ehodes, Lindus on the eastern coats. LIKUUS, lALVSUS and CAMIEUS. Camirus on the western, and lalysus near the northern extremity of the island, it would seem that the two former alone coined money in the earliest times (6th cent. b.c.). The coinage of lalysus is distinctly later in style, and belongs to the 5th cent. (PL xxxv. 1-6). Camirus, like Cos and Cnidus, made use of the Aeginetic standard, whence it may be inferred that her trade was chiefly in the direction of the. Aegean islands, Crete, and Peloponnesus, where the Aeginetic standard prevailed. The recent discovery of small electrum coins of Camirus (PL xxxiv. 6) shows, however, that the trading vessels of Camirus had also dealings with the Ionian coast towns where in early times electrum was the standard currency. The fig-leaf may have been selected as a coin-type for no other reason than that the fruit of this tree was one of the chief natural products of the island.t It must, however, not be forgotten that the fig may have also been a religious symbol, possibly of some local Dionysos (cf. the Dionysos opd<;* ri^v re yap AhyivaLav Kal r7]v 'PohLav fivdv tt]<; IlTo\eijbaiK7j<; elvat rrevraifKacnov. The Ptolemaic (i,e. the Alexandrian) drachm of the 1st cent, a.d, is by the same writer valued at J of the denarius. The Aeginetic and Rhodian drachms^ which he here estimates at ^ or 11 denarii, must have been therefore exactly double the weight of the light Rhodian drachms, estimated in the Cibyra inscription at I of the denarius. It would seem therefore that this writer designates as ^ drachms^ the Rhodian didrachms , such as those figured on ^ , PI. xxxvm, 4-8, and it is quite probable that a the term * drachm.^ ^ ^ similar loose use of the word Bpa-^^^pcrj for all silver coins of about the size of the Roman denarius, great numbers of which must have remained in circulation for a century, or perhaps two, after they had ceased to be issued, was very general at this time. This indefinite application of the term ^drachm’ to various coins of about the same size, though differing from one another very considerably in weight, accounts for the expression dpyvpiov XeTTTov PoBlov Spa-)(pb'g-\‘ in Carian inscriptions, in which sums of money are calculated on the basis of the Rhodian drachm of 60-35 grs. This implies that there were heavier Rhodian coins still current {Bpaxp'f^'t 7ra;i^etai). J Some of these may have been in reality * Hultscli, WEetrol. Scrijpt. reliq., i., 301, t a. I. (?., 2693, fe./ X Hultscli, Metrolog. Scriq>t. rel.. 321, ez JEEesychio : AeTrra? koI 7ra;)(etaf, ZaXeuKoy eV Nojitoty rns* dpa^-fjid^j Xeirras fieu rds e^ajjSdXovff, Tra^ctas de ras ttX^ov i^ovcras. ISLANDS OF CARIA. cxv draclims of fall weight; 60-55 grs.; issued in the fourth century b.c, (nos. 38-40; p. 234), but the majority were doubtless light or worn didrachms of the 3rd and 2nd centuries, averaging in weight about 100 grs.; and possibly also the latest silver coins (PI. xli, 1-2) weighing 70-65 grs. The fact that these early drachms of full weight; later didrachms of reduced weight, and the still later issues of ^ Cistophoric ’ weight (trihemidrachms of 73 grs, mas.) continued to circulate in Caria, side by side with the full-face drachms of debased weight, down to Imperial times, is quite sufficient to account for the various valuations above cited from Fcstus, from the inscription of Cibyra, and from the Alexandrian metrologist, which are respectively at ^ and f q of the Roman denarius (i.e., 12, 10, and 20 assaria). There can be little doubt that the very large bronze coins (PL Date of the intro duction of heavy bronze money. xli, 3, 4), which are almost identical both on obverse and reverse with the latest Rhodian silver drachms of 70-65 grs. (PI. xli. 1, 2), super- seded these silver drachms between b.c. 88 and b.c. 43; and, more- over, that they tend to show that during this period Rhodes was probably deprived by the Romans of the right of striking silver money, and that she was consequently driven to strike bronze pieces of extraordinarily large dimensions in order to render them more generally acceptable as apparent equivalents in bronze to the silver drachms. In the civil war between Pompey and Caesar, b.c. 48-43, Rhodes sided at first with Pompey, but afterwards. Policy of Rhodes ^ ' during the Civil b.c. 47-46, supported Caesar, and after his death, War between Pom- . . pey and Caesar. B.C. 44, still remained faithful to his party. In by c&ssius. His B.C. 43 C. Cassius captured the town and imposed extortions, B.C. 43. — heavy fines upon the Rhodian merchants, amounting to 8,500 talents. CXVl * INTEOBTJCTION. In the following year, b.c. 42, Cassius Parmensis, after the death of 0. Cassius, came to Rhodes, and, after manning linal ruin of , Blaodian cummer- thirty Rhodian ships with his own crews, burned the cial prceperity whole of the remainder of the Rhodian fleet, thus B.c. 42 . destroying for ever the power of Rhodes at sea. From the extortions of C, Cassius and from the subsequent utter de- struction of her maritime influence the city of Rhodes never recovered, notwithstanding the fact that in b.c. 41 Antony made some futile endeavours to reward her for her fidelity to the cause of Caesar. Under Augustus and Tiberius Rhodes still retained her freedom, but Claudius withdrew this privilege, though at a later period he nominally restored it. Under Vespasian Rhodes was united with the Roman province of Lycia, etc., and the city was selected for the residence of the Roman Prefect. The Imperial coinage of Rhodes does not extend beyond the reign of Commodus, and it is scarcely likely that the island Ehodian comap recovered from the effects of the terrible earth- uuder tue Empire. quake, a d. 155, in the reign of Antoninus Pius. The large bronze coins of the early imperial period are especially interesting. The prevalent obverse types are heads of Dionysos,* unradiate or radiate, and heads of Helios radiate in profile (Pis. xlii. and xliii.). The reverse type is usually Nike standing on a prow, rose, or globe, or crowning a trophy (PI. xliii. 1), doubtless intended to commemorate Rhodian victories at sea. The magistrate’s name on these large bronze coins is no longer Magistrates in nominative, but always in the genitive case, autonomous and preceded by eVt and often accompanied by his title Imperial times, Treasurer or Comptroller of the public * Concerning the cult of Dionysos at Rhodes, see Torr, Ekodes in ancient times ^ p. 76. ISLANDS OF CAKIA. cxvu Adjunct Symbols. finances, and not a EfOman Proyincial Qnaestor. It must not, how- ever, be inferred from the fact that the coins of Imperial times were issued in the name of the Ta/i/a? that the magistrates^ names in the nominative case on the earlier Ehodian coins are also those of Ta^a/at.* It is more likely that down to b.c. 43 the magistrate whose name appears on the coins was the president for the time being of the board of Prytaneis. The adjunct symbols^ which are far fewer in number than the magi- strates*^ names, but which almost always accompany them, must be the signets of some other official, for the same signet is fre- quently found in combination with diSerent names. Early in Imperial times a final reduction in the value of the Final Seduction of currency seems to have taken place. The the Rhodian large bronze pieces which supplanted the heavy hronze coinage. .-i -i i -i .-i iin Sliver drachm, and which probably inherited irom it the popular appellation of ‘ Drachm,’ were now in their turn superseded by coins of about the same size, but distinguished by the addition of the nominal current value at full length, PoAIUN AIAPAXMON [PI. xliii. 1, 2, 7, 8J. The prominent position given to the name of the denomination shows clearly that it was now necessary to call special attention to the fact that the large bronze coins were henceforth to pass as Didrachms, and no longer as Di*achms. When this reduction took place can only be inferred from the unusual inscription on the obverse of the earliest examples (PI. xliii. 1) POAIOI YH6P TflN CEBACTIIN. Such an inscrip- tion can only refer to Augustus or Tiberius and Livia, to whose time we may therefore safely ascribe the supposed depreciation of the Ehodian bronze drachm. There is no evidence that any sub- sequent change took place after this time in the value of the ^ Lenormantj La J)Lonnaie dans V 59, expresses a different opinion. CXVlll INTRODUCTION. Rhodian coins, but from the reign of Nerva onwards it seems to have been obligatory to place the head of the Emperor on the- obverses. SYME. Concerning the coins assigned by Waddington to this island and by Imhoof-Blumer to Syangela (see supra^ p, Ixxiv.). For the coins attributed to Tel os by Imhoof- Blumer see Zeit f, Num.y i. 151. They belong to the 4th cent, b.c. TELOS. BARCLAY V. HEAD. C AEIA. C AEIA. No. AFetal. Size. Obverse. Eeverse. 1 25G' 245-8 63-9 61-2 .^1-20 ALABA^TDA. Under name of Antioch, B.c. 197 — 189.* SILVER, Attic Standard, Tetradrachms. Head of Apollo L, bur. ANTIOXEUN Pegasos flying r. TIMOKAHZ [PI. 1. 1.] All *15 border of dots. M -75 /R *7 ) j Dracliins. Head of Apollo r,, laur. ANTlOXEflN Pegasos flying r. AloNYZioZ Tl. I. 2.] [Bank colL] IZOKPATHZ [ ] * The dites are those suggested bj Babelon (Rev, Num., 1890 p. 417, B 9 CARIA. XT wi. Motal. wt. Si.o, Obverse. 5 59*5 JR -75 6 GO* JR *75 7 65-9 yll *7 type 1. MENEKAHZ MENEZGEYZ [PL I. 3.] 1 . . MAPOP . . ? type 1. [PL I. 4.] BRONZE. ^ *05 JE -4 Head of Apollo L, laur. ANTIO . Humped bull butting r. XEHN beneath bull, M [PL I. 5.] Head of Apollo t., laur.: ANTIO border of dots. IXEflN Eaven? mfch closed IXEUN (szc) wings r. in front, caduceus. [PI. I. 6.] ALABAHDA. After B.c, 168? SILVER. 10 175-4 HI 1 Ehodian Standard.**^ Tridrachm. Head of Apollo r., laur., AAA [BAN] Pegasos galloping hair rolled, with two AEXIN r. ; the whole carls hanging down in laurel- wreath, neck, ends of diadem seen behind neck. beneath, lA [PI. I. 7.] * Babel on (Rev. iVam., 1890, p. 428) calls tbese coins Tridracbms and Didrachms of the Attic standard. They seem to me to approach more nearly to the Rhodian weight. ALABANDA. 3 No. \vt. Mufcal. Size. Obverse, Reverse. Didrachm. Similar. AAABAN Tripod with taenia AEGON hanging over it ; in field ]., helmet and 9 1 : the whole in laurel- wreath. 11 113- M !■ [PI. I. 8.] Oct ob ol. Similar type, diadem not AAABA NAEI2N Tripod: the apparent. whole in laurel-wreath. 12 74*8 M -8 [PI. r. 9.] BBONZE. Similar. AAA BAN Tripod bound with t AEGON taenia. 13 /E -65 Similar type : border of A A A B AN Cult us-statue of dots. A E XI N goddess facing, aims extended ; she wears 'long chiton with falling fold (apo- ptygma), modius, and veil : the whole in laurel- wreath. 14 JE *6 [PI. I. 10.] Similar type. AAABAN Lyre (kitbara) . AEflN 15 M *7 Similar type 1. Inscr. obscure. Eaven? standing]., wings open; the whole in laurel- wreath '? 16 tE-5 4 CABlA. Ko. Metal. Obverse. Size. Reverse. Similar type r. AAA BAN Eaven ? standing r., wings closed. 17 JE *35 Similar type r. AAA BAN Eore-part of humped AEX2N bull r. ly /E -45 [PI. I. 11.] ImjmHal Times. (a) Without heads of Emperors. Time of Yespasian ? AAAR AN AEflN Bust CVNKA HTOC Female figure, of Demos? r., bearded; the Senate, seated 1. ; holding in r. iierdc draped: border of lituus, and resting with 1. on dots. sceptre. 19 /E *85 [PL n. 1 ] Later Imp&rial Times, 0€A [Pn]MH Eoma AT€ Witliin a laurel- wreath. helmeted, seated 1. on oui- A€IAC rass ; holds Nike on r. AAABA and sword in L; behind NA6U her, shield: border of dots. N 20 ^ -9 (Countermark, Hoad of Geta r. ; in front, F ) [PI. II. 2.] Similar, but Eoma rests on spear with 1. AT€ "Willim laurel- wreath. A€l OC 21 ji: *9 AAA BANAeUN eni[ ]AA NAPUNOCAPX Bust of Tyche of City r., turreted and with cornu- Asklepios standing 1., resting on serpent- staff : border of dots. copiae at shoulder : bor- der of dots. 22 M 12 (double -struck . ) [Bank Coll.] [PI. II 3.] ALABi\NDA. 5 Obverse. Eeverse. No. AAABAN ' AeXlN AAABA NA€nN Hermes naked Female bust r., veiled : but for cblamys standing L, bolding border of dots. in r. caduceus, 1. extended bebind bim : border of dots. 23 /E *85 AAABA NA€ 12 N Laurel-branch with fillet attached : Eaveni r., wings open and bead reverted. border of dots. 24 JE -65 (/8) With beads of Emperors. Augustus. ZEBAZTOZ? Head of AAAB.AN AEIIN Female bust Augustus r.j beneath wbich, Capricorn r. r. (Alabanda?), wearing wreath. 25 CO AAA[B]ANAE fiN Bust of Apollo r., laur,, with lyre in front. ZEBAZ] TOZ Head of Augustus r., laur. 2G /E -7 Livia 1 Fust of Livia 1 r., veiled. AAABANAEnN Female bust r., wearing wieatb, and with small laurel-branch at her breast (Ala- banda 1). 27 ^ -85 [PI. II. 4.] Augustus and Livia. Agrippa, Caiu s, and Lucius. Z EB. AZT 0 1 Heads of AAABA NAE Head of Agrippa Augustus i\, laur.^ and of Livid ]., face to face. I2N l.j laur., and of Cains and Lucius jugate r., laur,, and surmounted by stars. 28 yE -8 6 CAHIA. No. Mefcal, Obverse. M 1*35 Agrippina Junior. ArPinniNALEBAC AAABANAEHN Female bust r., [TH] Bust of Agripiiina turreted (Tyclie of City ?). r., hair in queue. 30 M 1-4 hTero. NEPHNKAAYAIOC AAABANAEflN Bust of young KAIEAP Head of young Dionysos r., wearing wreath of ivy. Hero r.j bare. M 1-25 Vespasian. AYTOKPATnP OYE AAABANAEXIN Zeus seated r., COACIANOC KAIC naked to waist, resting with r. on AP Head of Vespasian sceptre, and holding in 1. a thunder- r,, laur. ; beneath neck, bolt upon his knee. lituus. [PI. n. 5.] Sei)timius Severus. AV-K A-C C€V OC A AAB.A NA€HN Athena stand- Bust of Severus r., laur. ing 1 , liolding in r. patera, and rest- ing with 1. on spear. ^ I'lo (Two countermarks contain- ing respectively the head of an emperor (Geta and the numeral S” ) AV*K*A-C€- C€VHPO AAAB.AN A€HN Zeus naked, C.. Bust of Severus r., standing 1., holding on r. eagle, and laur., wearing cuirass. resting with 1. on sceptre. 33 iE IT (Countermark, Head of Em- peror (Gcta?) ALABANDA. 7 No. Metal. Size. ObTerae. Reverse. Julia Domna. loVAIAA OMNA* AVF'C Bust of Julia Domna r. AAARA NA€flN X 3 mhe stand- ing 1. in chiton and peplos, wearing modius, and holding rudder and 34 /E 1-4 (Countermarkj Head of Emperor r. (Geta ?), in front of which P) cornucopiae. 35 iE 1-4 (Same countermark.) (same dies.) 36 /E 1- lOVAIA* AOMNAC Similar bust and counter- mai’k. AAA B.A NA CUN Laurel- branch with three sprays, filleted. 37 ' JE 1-05 (Countermark, radiate head of an em- peror (Geta T) Caracal! a. 38 M 1*45 AKMAV PANTHNI NOC C Bust of Cara- calla r., laur.^ Avearing cui rass and paludamentum. (Countermark, Head of Em- peror r. (Geta^), in front of which r ) AAAHANA € flN Apollo wear- ing long chiton and himation stand- ing to front*, head 1., holding on r. raven, and in 1. laurel-branch ; to r. cippus, on which, l}re (kithara). [PL II. 6.] 39 M 1*05 AVKMA ANTI2NI NOC C Similar. AAABAN AeilN Similar, 40 M 1*05 AVKM ANTX2NIN OC Similar. AAASL A N A€I2N Laurel- branch with, three sprays, filleted. [PI. II. 7,] 41 M 1*1 • 42 M 1-15 (Countermark, Head of Em- peror (Geta ^) AA[A] B.A N A€UN (pierced.) 8 OARIA. Metal. Reverse. No. Size. Obverse. AVKMA ANTnNIN AAA BA N AEIiN Lyre (kithara). OC Siiiiilar. 43 M 1’05 44 /E 1- 45 M 1*1 AVKMAVP ANTHN [IN]OC C. (Countermark, as above.) 46 M 1* AVKMAVA NTnNI [AA]ABANA€X1N • • • • (Countermark^ as above.) M-AV- ANTflNeiN AAA R ANA6HN Athena hel- OC Bust ot Caracalla meted standing L, holds Hike and r., laur., 'wears cuirass and rests on spear ; on ground beside paludamentum. her, shield. 47 M 1*15 (Countermark, P€; Head of [PI. II. 8.] Geta r.) 48 /E 1*15 (same dies.) AVKMAV PANTflNI AAARA NA€flN Tyche stand- No C Bust of Cara- ing Ly wearing modius, holding with calla r., laur., wearing r. patera over flaming altar, and on 1. cuirass and paludamen- tum. arm cornucopiae. 49 M 1*3 (Countermark, Head of Geta [Bank CoU.] r., in front of which T) 50 M 1-35 (same die and countermark.) AAARAN A 6I1N ALABANDA. 9 No. Metal. Size. Obverse, Reverse, AV KMAVP ANTIl N€INOC BustofCara- calla r., laur., wearing cuirass and paludamen - turn. AAAB AN A€HN The Em- peror standing to the front, head r., in military attire, spearing with r. a kneeling captive, and holding on extended 1. Nike(?) and LioiVs skin. 51 M 1*3 52 iE 1-3 10 CARIA. ALINDA. 11 12 OARIA. 16 17 18 ^ 1*35 M 1*55 M 1*45 Obverse. Reverse. Sept. Severus. AVTKAICCeV HPO C nePTAT Head of Sept. Severus r., laur. €TTIAPXONM€N in HOVA AINA6X2N Male figure clad in chiton and himation standing L, his r. arm raised, his 1. wrapped in himation. Caracalla and Plautilla. ANTflNINOC APX-M-OVA ToC NOH . • . (N(ea)G(ea) H(pa)) (rest illegible). Busts of Caracalla r,, and Plautilla 1., face to face. A AIN A€ UN Apollo Kitharoedos standing to front, holding lyre on 1. arm and plec- trum in r. hand. [PL ii, 12.] Same die. (Countermark, Head r.) ... APX-M OVA- OVAIAA..., and (in ex.) AAINACX2N Herakles r., clad in lion’s skin, pulling down the Keryneian stag. Plautilla. N€AO€AHPA HAA VTIAAA Bust of Plautilla, r. (Countermark, Head of Geta r., in front F) APX M OVAI AAOVAA INA€X2N Herakles naked stand- ing to front, head r. ; he holds club in r., and lion’s skin in 1., and is crowned by a little Nike who stands upon his r. shoulder. 19 M M AMYZON. 13 14 CARIA. No. Wt. Metal. Size. Obverse. Reverse. ANTIOCHIA AD MAEANDRUM. SILVER. > Seco7id Century [after b.c. 168?). ' Attic Standard. i > j Tetradraclims. i i 1 236*5 yRl-05 Head of Apollo r., laur., long curls hanging down neck ; behind neck, bow in case or bow and quiver. r ANTIOXEUN Humped _ bull! standing 1,, within circular 1 Maeander pattern issuing above | from pilei of Dioskuri. Beneath | bull, AINEAZ. [PI. III. 3.] i Drachms. 1 I Head of Apollo r., laur., with long curls hanging down neck. ANTI OXEUN Humped bull recumbent 1. upon Maeander pattern ; in fronts cornucopiae : the whole within laurel-wreath. 2 62* ^•7 in ex., MENEPnN [PI. III. 4.] 3 61- m -65 (border of dots.) (ANTIOXE), in ex. MEAE BRONZE. Head of Zeus r., laur. ANTIOXEIIN Humped bull recumbent 1. upon Maeander pattern. 4 M *7 ANTIOOHIA AD MADANDEUM. 15 No. Metal. Size. Obverse. Keverse. Bust of Men r., wearing Phrygian cap laur. ; be- hind shoulders, crescent: border of dots. ANTI OX Humped bull standing r. ; in ex., magistrate's name : — 5 M ’9 EYAH (?) {RvZpjxo^ ?) 6 00 (Countermark, male head r,, radiate V) 2 TTT z > z [PI. HI. 5.] 7 M -75 PIAOX (^) 8 M -7 illegible. 9 ^ -75 Head of Apollo 1., laur. ANTIOX[EIlN TflN □ POZ] MAI AN API! Eagle with ojDen wings standing 1. on Maeander pattern. [PI. iti. 6.] Imperial Times. (a) Without heads of Emperors. Circ, Time of Sept. Severus. 10 M 1-0 I€PA] BOVAH Bust of Boule r., veiled ; bol- der of dots. ANTI OX€HN Demeter veiled, wearing long chiton with falling fold and peplos, standing L, holding in r. ears of corn, and resting with 1. on long torch : border of clots. 11 JR ‘ 7 Bov AH Bust of Boule r., veiled: border of dots. ANTI O X€f2N Hike standing 1., holding wreath and palm: border of dots. 16 OARU. Metal. Size. M -8 M M M *95 JE -9 M *9 JK 1*05 Obverse. Reverse. Bust of Athena (or Eoma ?) r., wearing crested helmet: border of dots. Z[€VC] BOVAAIOC Head of Zeus Boulaios 1., laur. : border of dots. AHMOC ANTI O X€ X2N Head of youthful Demos r., bare : border of dots. AN TIO X€X1N Hermes naked standing 1., holding purse and cadu- cous : border of dots. ANTIOX ei2N M OPCVNOC Eiver-god Morsynos clad inhimation standing 1., holding in r, patera? and in 1, reed : border of dots. Youthful male figure cnz UN standing 1., clad in short cliiton; r. extended ; 1. holding branch ; hima- tion wrapped round 1. arm: border of dots. [PI. HI. 7.] AH MOC Bust of youthful Demos r., bare : border of dots. AHM OC Head of youthful Demos r., dia- demed : border of dots. ANTIOX€HN Eiver-god Maeandros recumbent holding reed and cor- nucopiae ; behind him, urn from which water flows; in ex., MAIAN APOC: border of dots. Similar, but of later style ; in ex.^ MAIANAP OC [PI. III. 8.] Clrc, Gordian to Gallienus. ANTI O X€I2N Bust of bearded Demos r., dia- demed : border of dots. ANTIO X€f2N Zeus seated 1., himation over legs, r, arm extended, 1, resting on sceptre : border of dots. antioohia ad maeandeum. Metal. Size. Obverse. Eroverae. 18 M -8 l€PAr€ POVCIA Female bust of the Ge- rousia r. : border of dots. ANTIO X€I2N Athena standing l.j holding patera in r., and shield and spear in L: border of dots. 19 ^10 lePACVNKAHTOC AN TIO X€X1N Female figure Female bust of the Senate standing h, clad in long chiton and r. : border of dots, peplos, holding patera and resting on sceptre : border of dots. 20 M *95 f 21 AS -95 22 M *9 l€PA CVNKAHTOC Similar. ANTIO X €HN Tyche wear- ing modius standing 1., holding rudder and cornucopiae : border of dots. i]€PA BOV AH Bust ANTIO X6IIN Similar type, of Boule r., veiled : bor der of dots. 23 JE *85 l€PA BOVAH Bust AN Tl O X€ Tetrastyle temple of Boule r, : border of UN containing statue dots. of Athena, holding patera, and armed with helmet, shield and spear: boi^- der of dots. 24 M *8 I^PACVN KAHT0[CAN Tl O X€ Tetrastyle temple Female bust of the Senate UN of Tyche : border r. : border of dots. of dots. [PI. III. 9.] D 18 OARIA. No. Metal. Size. Obverse. Reverse. lePAr 6POVCIA AN T 1 OX Tetrastyle Eemale bust of tlie Ge- N temple of rousia r. : border of dots. Tyche : border of dots. 25 M -85 26 /E *9 AN TIO X€ flN [Bank CoU.] {/3) With heads or names of Emperors. r . r Augustus. ANTIOXEWN Niker., CYNAPXIAAN[TIOXt(ON] ATf CEB AC carrying T OY wreath. AAOY ? Altar. 1 t ■ 27 JK -6 CEB A CTOC Head f r i t i OXEHN of Augustus r., bare. CYNAPXIAA[NTI] nAIUNIi OY Athena standing 1., armed’ with helmetj spear, and round shield. 28 M *6 V [PI. IV. 1.] ' Domitian. AOMITIANOC KAI ANTIOX6 lA City of Antioch CAP Head of Domitian seated 1., turreted; r. hand extended; | r., laur. around, 6HI MEAH KA ATA AO Y P OYCI 29 M -7 1 30 .-E -7 [PI. IV. 2.] Similar. ANTIO X€HN Liknophoros r., clad in short chiton, supporting bas- ket on his head; around, CHIME AHKAA rAAOV<|>POVri (cf. Imhoof, Gr, M,, 615). 31 JE -7 * [PI. IV., 3.] ANTIOCHIA A'D MAEANDKUM. 19 No. Metal. Size. Obverse. Reverse. Trajan. •AVT-N6PBTPAIA NOC KAI C€ T€P AAK- Head of Trajar r., laur. ANTIOX Z€VC KAneXHAI OC Jupiter Capitolinns seated 1., holding Nike and resting on sceptre. 32 M 1*3 [PI. IV. 4.] Antoninus Pius. AAPIA ANTIOX€flN Kiver-god Maean- dros recumbent 1., holding reed and cornucopiae ; behind him, urn from which water flows : in ex., MAIANA POC 33 M 1*3 Head of Antoninas Pius r., lanr. 34 M -75 AVKAI AIA ANXn NeiNOC Head of Antoninus Pius r., laur. ANTI OXenN Nike r., holding wreath and palm. 35 M ’75 M. Aurelius. 36 M *95 MAVPH AIOCKAI CAP Head of M. Aurelius Caesar r., bare. ANTI OX €X2N Dionysos stand- ing L, holding grapes and resting on thyrsos. [Bank Collection.] AVKAIM AANTHNI NO C Bust of M. Aurelius 1., laur.^ in cui- rass and paludamentum. ANTI OXEI2N Demeter clad in long chiton andhimation standing 1., holding in r. poppy and ear of corn, and resting with 1. on long torch. 37 jE 105 38 i M 1- (Countermark, Bearded head 20 OARIA, ANTIOCHIA AD MAEAKDRUM. 21 22 CAEIA. No. Metal. Size. 49 M ri 60 JE M 51 M ‘85 Obverse. Re verse. 52 ^ 1*4 53 M *8 54 M *8 PLDip Junior. MIOY IAinnOC KA I CAP Bust of young Philip r., hare^ wearing cuirass and paludamen- tum. ANTIO X€HN Hekate triformis, holding in her six hands torches, key, serpent, dagger, etc. ; to 1., lighted altar; to r., dog looking up. [PL IV, 6.] Same die. MIOV^IAITmOC KA I LAP Similar. ANTIOXen N River-god Maean- dros recumbent 1., holding reed and resting on inverted vase from which water flows. ANTIO X€ AN Tyche stand- ing L, with usual attributes, [Bank Coll] Trajan Decius. AVTKTPAIA NOC A6KIOC Bust of Tra- jan Decius r., laur., wear- ing cuirass and paluda- mentum. AVTKTPAIANOCA€ KiC (sic) Bast of Tra- jan Decius r., laur,, wear- ing cuirass and paluda- mentum. Same die. ANTIOXC I2N MEANAPpC (in ex.) Bridge of six arches spanning the river. On the 1. is the bridge- gateway, resembling a triumphal arch ; on the parapet of the bridge is a recumbent statue of Maeandros L, holding reed and cornucopiae, and behind him, also on parapet, two standing figures or statues 1. ANTIO X€I1N Dionysos stand- ing 1., holding kantharos and resting on tliyrsos ; at his feet, panther. ANTIO X €X1N Tyche stand- ing L, with usual attributes. ANTIOOHIA. AD MAEANDRUHJ. 2;^ No. Metal. Size. Obyerse. Reyerse. 55 M M5 56 JE 1-4 57 M 1*5 58 JE 1-4 1 59 M 1*0 Etruscilla. €P€NIAAITPVCKIA ANTIOX Eiver-god Maeandros AAC€B Bust of Herer- €HN recumbent 1., bolding nia Etruscilla r. reed and cornucopiae, and resting against vase from which water flows ; above head of god a star. Valerian. AVKAinOAIKINNIOC ANTIOX€IlN Bridge over Maean- OVAACPIANOC dros similar to no. 52, but on top Bust of Valerian r., laur,, of gateway a stork, and behind the wearing cuirass and palu- statue of Maeandros a figure r. ; in damentum. waves, below bridge, two fishes. Gallienus. AYKHOrAAAl l-NO[C ANTIOXS Bridge over Maeander, Bust of Gallienus L, armed UN similar to no. 52, but with cuirass, helmet, stork perched on top of gateway, and shield and spear. no figures behind statue of Maeandros. [PL IV. 7.] AVKnrA AAI HNOC ANT lOX €HN Male figure Similar armed bust of (Jupiter Oapitolinus) seated I., hold- Gallienus. ing JSTike and resting on sceptre. Before him an agonistic table on which urn containing palm ; beneath table, oenochoe. AVKHAIKIN^IOCrA KTICTHCAN TIOX6I2N Male AAI HNOC Bust of figure (the Founder) standing to- Gallienus r., laur. wards 1., clad in short chiion and himation ; he holds in extended r. uncertain object. [PL IV, 8.] 24 OARIA. PLARA8A AND APHRODISIAS. 25 No. Metal. Size. Obverse. Beverse. M -5 JE -45 M -45 M -4 ^ -35 PL AS, AS A ANI> APHKODISIAS. After B.o. 166. BRONZE. HAAPA Double - ase 1 Cuirass on trophy-stand : the whole in A PO (Labiys),* incuse square. [PI. V. 1.] border of dots, (no incuse square.) [PL V. 2.] Bust of Eros r., winged, hair TTAA Rose, in Erotic plait. APO [PL V. 3.] A4>PoA[l] ZIEI2N [PL V. 4.] * The double axe, or Labrys. as Leake points out (Num. Eell.j Asia, p. 20), is a symbol especially obaraoteristio of Carian divinites (see also Preller, Qr, Myth., 4tb ed., voL i., p. 141). According to Appiau (De Bell. Oiv.f i., 97), Sulla dedicated to the goddess Aphrodite at Aphrodisias a golden wreath and an axe. This type is met with in Caria on coins of. Plarasa and Aphrodisias, Euromus, lasus, Mylasa and Myndus. E i 26 OABIA. No. wt. Metal. Size. Obverse. Eeyerse, First Century b.O- (temp, Augusti). Attic or Roman Standard reduced. Drachms. B ust of Aphrodite* r. ^ nAAPAZEXlN KAI APOAE veiled^ wearing ste- IZIEnN Eagle with closed jdiaiie, earring^ and wings standing 1. on winged necklace : border of thunderbolt. Magistrate’s name: — dots. G 64- M *7 (Eagle r. ; behind neck, caduceus.) lEPEY E 1 ZAH ni ! MOY KPA i THZZ[E] 1 NOKPA 1 ToY[Z [PI. V. 5.] 7 50*8 /R -7 (Eagle 1., without caduceus.) A A noA TE 1 AHNI AA 1 oz oY 8 49-3 ..51 *75 AP A TE noA Ml AHN ASl oZ • * PoZ 9 51*5 M *65 A PTE (wreath behind Ml eagle’s head.) . An TOY PoZ AN A PTE APn MIAn NoZ POY i [PI. V. 6.] i * It is possible that the v.eiled bust on the silver coins of Aphrodisias may haye been copied from the Roman coins of the ^ Cassia family, wbioh bear on the obverse a veiled bust of LEIBER- i TAS (Babelon, Mon, de l(h R6p, Rom., i., p. 336). This fact is, how- ; ever, not inconsistent with an assimilation of "E\€vdipia to Aphrodite ^ j, (cf. infra, no. 24, note). I> PLARASA AND APHRODISIAS. No. Wt. Mefcal. Size. Obverse. Reverse. 62- JR *65 KAA (no wreath.) Ain noZ HEI AEON TOY TEI2 z 61-6 -65 Type r. MY AI[o] UN TE NHZ ANTI HATP OZ L2 48-9 ^ -7 MY Alo I2N FE NHZ ANTI HATP OZ ^ -65 (Cornucopiae behind neck.) MY I2N KAA Ain noY Similar. Inscr. obscure. Eagle with open wings standing r. on thunderbolt. No magistrates’ names legible. /R -65 28 OARIA. Metal. Size. M *75 M *7 M 75 M -7 M *65 M *75 Obverse. Reverse. BRONZE. Head of Aphrodite r., wear- ing stephane, neck draped: border of dots. TTAAPA Eagle with closed wings A4>POAI standing r. on thunder- bolt. [PI. V. 7.] (Two countermarks^ Grapes, and Eemale head.) Aphrodisias. First Genhtry B.o. Head of veiled Aphrodite r. : border of dots. APOA Eagle standing r. on thunderbolt. [PL V. 8.] Head of Zeus r., laur. A POA[I] Cultus - statue of Z I ETl N Aphrodite r. , veiled. [PI. V, 9.] Head of Aphrodite r., bound with wreath; border of dots. APOAI Bipennis (Labrys) with two filleted palm-branches crossed over its handle : border of dots. [PI. V. 10.] APHR0DISIA3 29 30 OAHIA. No. Metal, Size. Obverse. Eeverse, 24 .^1-0 25 JE -95 26 M 1*0 27 M *9 28 M 1*05 29 ^1-05 Same die. APOA€ICI€nN €A€Y0€P I A* Aphrodite Eleutheria, wearing chiton_, and peplos (over legs and 1. shoulder), standing L, holding patera and resting on sceptre : border of dots. [PL V. 12.] AHMOC Youthful head APOA€l CI€nN Similartype, of Demos r., laur : bor- but the goddess holds apple instead der of dots. of patera : border of dots. head wears diadem. A4^P OA €ICI€i2N lEPALVN KAHTOL TK ZHAO DAN EO* Youthful bust of Senate A4> POA r. : border of dots, EflN Aphrodite clad in long cliiton and peplos standing to front, head 1., carrying infant Eros and resting with 1. on sceptre : border of dots. [PI, V. 13.] I6PACV NKAHTOC APOA€IC l€nN Aphrodite Head of the Senate r.^ standing 1., clad in long chiton and diademed : border of peplos, holds in r. patera, and rests with 1. on sceptre : border of dots. [Bank Coll.] * The goddess Eleutheria on this coin is clearly Aphrodite; ct the specimens which follow, on which a figure in precisely the same attitude holds an apple. The name Eleuthera in an inscription of Oyace in Lyoia (C. I. O.y Add. 4303, h. 1. ^eyd^ty^'Apet koI ^ZKevdepq. dpxny^-rt^t ^Trupavu although the goddess is coupled with Ares, refers to Artemis and not to Aphrodite. APnaoDisiAs. 31 32 OAKIA. Metal. Size, M *75 M -8 M *8 I M *75 M -8 M -75 M *8 M -75 M -75 Reverse. I€PA BOV AH Similar. Similar. Similar, but witbout cblamys. A4>POA EILIEX2N Similar type, towards r. : border of dots. A4>POA I CieilN [PL VI, 1.] I€PA BOVAH lar. Simi- €I€PA BOVAH Simi- lar, (Same die as no. 37.) APOA €I[CI €12 N Eros in attitude of Thanatos winged, naked, standing towards r. with legs crossed, and leaning upon inverted torch which rests on low altar : border of dots. [PL VI. 2.] I€PA BOVAH lar. Simi- l€PA lar, BOVAH Simi- [A4>PO]A ICI€i2N Eros winged, naked, standing towards r., shooting with bow and arrow : border of dots. APOA€l Two Erotes seated on CI6X2N ground face to face, playing with astragali : border of dots. [PI. VI. 3.] le PABOVAH APOA€ ICI€I2N Dionysos, bust of Demos r,, laur, : wearing himation over legs, standing border of dots. 1. beside column, on which he rests his 1. arm ; he holds in r. grapes, and in 1. thyrsos ; in front, panther looking back : border of dots. 47 M -9 (Countermark, B) [PL vr, 4.] 48 M -9 AHMOC A «|)POAICI6 TI KZHNXIN* AH MOC Youthful bust APOA eiCieXlN Dionysos of Demos r., laur. : bor- naked, standing to front, bead 1., der of dots. resting with 1. on thyrsos, and hold- ing in r, kantharos : in front, pan- ther looking back ; border of dots. 49 M -75 Bust of young Dionysos, or of a Bacchante r, : border APOA€l CienN Asklepios standing to front, bead L, wearing of dots. himation over legs and 1. shoulder, and resting with r. on serpent staff : border of dots. 50 ■•85 I€PA CVNKAHTOC Similar. Youthful bust of Senate r. : border of dots. 51 • '85 * Ti. Cl. Zeno was Archiereus and Archineocoros. Soe coins of Julia Domna. 34 CAUIA. No. Metal. Eererse, Size. Obverse. lEPACVNK AHTOC APOAEI EIEHN Men* standing Youthful bust of the Senate r. : border of dots. l.j wearing Phrygian cap, short chiton and cloak, crescent behind shoulders, his r. foot on bucranium ; he holds in r. patera, and rests with 1. on sceptre : border of dots. 52 M ]-0 [PI, vj. 5.] 53 M 10 I6PACV NKAHTOC APOA€l CienN Similar. Similar. BoYAHAPOAEI Zl [En]IMEAHOENTOZPOA Y outhful bust of the ICI€HN Leadess trunk of tree Senate r., diademed : bor- with three branches ; on either side der of dots. of it a naked man wearing a Phry- gian cap ; the one on the left wields an axe, the one on the right kneels on one knee, or runs away, turning his hack to the treef : border ol dots. 55 M '95 [PI. VI. 7.] * Probably MV *A(rKaiy6s. no. 1601 B. See Le Bas and Waddington, iii. p. 373, *1* Of. tbe myth of the birth of Adonis, Apollod.i iii. 14, 3; Hygmns, Fal. 58 and 161 j and the coins of Myra Lyoiae, where a similar though not identical type occurs. APHRODISIAS. 35 No. Metal. Size. Obverse. Reverse. 56 » M 1-5 lePACV NKAHTOC Similar, KAZHNHAPX APOAICI€IlN Similar tree^ but the three branches spring separately from an enclosure, apparently of trellis-work, and there are no men present : border of dots. [PL VI. 8.] 57 JE 1*05 CVNKAHTOC Similar. A<|)POA € 1 CienN Similar, but figure on each side as on no. 55. 68 ^ *95 lePACVNK AHTOC Similar. APOA € 1 Ci€fIN Similar, but a lighted altar on either side of tree ; no men present. 59 M *95 I€PA CVNKAHTOC Similar. APOA €ICien N Similar, without men or altars. 60 M i'O I€PALY[N] KAHTOC Head 1. TK[ZHAO]C AN€ O and across field, APO A€l Cl €nN Similar, but with altars at sides of tree. 61 M *8 Inscr. obscure. Youthful head of Demos r., laur. (^) : border of dots. APOA .... 12 N Leafless trunk of tree with three branches, flanked by two men, as on no. 55. 62 JE 75 I€PA BOVAH Bust of Boule i\, veiled : bor- der of dots. A4>POA€IC 1 eUN Three leaf- less trunks in trellis enclosure. 1 M 75 30 OARTA. No. Kefcal. Size, Obverse. Reverse. 04 M -8 eiePA BOV AH Simi- lar. A4>PO A€ ICI€f2N Zeus, wearing bimation. over legs, seated L on throne with back ; he holds Nike on r., and rests with 1 . on sceptre : border of dots. 65 CO eiePA BOVAH Simi- lar. APOA€ ICI€nN Hermes* naked, standing to front, head 1., chlamys round I, arm ; he holds in r. purse, and in 1 . caduceus : border of dots. 66 M -75 lePA BOVAH A<|)POA€l cienN 67 JE -75 Bust of Sarapis r., Trearmg I modius : border of dots. APOA€ ICI6I1N Isis, wearing long chiton with falling fold, stand- ing to front, head 1., holds sistrum and situla ; behind her shoulders, crescent : border of dots. 68 -7 APOA 1 cienN 69 A] -75 Bust of Sarapis i\, wearing modius : border of dots. A4>POA€ICI €HN Harpokrates naked, standing 1., placing the fore- finger of his r. hand on his lips ; cornucopiae and chlamys on 1. arm : border of dots. [PL VI. 9.] 70 M *65 APOA€ 1 CienN 71 ^ '7 n * Probably statue of Hermes Agoraios; of. Le Bas and TVaddington, iii., p. 373, no. 1601, B. APHRODISIAS. 37 No. Metal. Size. Obverse. Reverse, Bust of Atliena Tvearing close-fitting crested hel- met : border of dots. APOA E lEIEHN Nike stand- ing ]., holding ^vreath and palm : border of dots. 72 M -75 73 JE *7 Similar. A4>POA€l CI6X1N Eros winged, standing to front, head 1. ; holds in r. short torch, and in 1. bow : bor- der of dots. I€PA CVNKAHTOC Youthful bust of the Senate' r., laur. : border of dots. AP O AeiCI €n M Agonistic table, on which two prize urns ; beneath, amphora and two palms : border of dots. 74 M 1-25 (Countermark uncertain.) 75 '95 (6PA CVNKAHTOC Similar type, but head diademed. APOA €ICienN Agonistic table, on ’which prize urn containing palm, inscribed roPAi ANHA beneath table, ATT AA HA border ,of dots. 76 *95 77 M 1-1 I€PA CVNKAHT[0 C] Similar type, but head laur. A4>PO A€ICI Tetrastyle temple €flN containing cultus- statue of Aphrodite r. on plinth : border of dots. 38 OAUIA, No Mefeal Size, Obvorae. Beverse. 78 ^ -95 €AGVG[€POC] AHM OC Youthful bust of Demos diademed, r. (Countermark, APOA €1 CienN Agonistic table, on which prize urn containing palm, inscribed roPAi ANHA beneath table, ATT AAH A border of dots. 79 M '75 Bust of youthful Dionysos 1., wearing ivy-wreath ; in front, thyrsos : border of dots. \ APOA€ ICI Lioness or panther [€]HN Avalking r. ; bor- der of dots. 80 ^ '75 j APOAG 1 Similar. cienN 81 jE *8 AHM OC Youthful bust of Demos r., laur. : border of dots. A4>POA€ICI€ riN Eagle with open wings to the front, head 1., holding serpent in claws : border of dots. 82 M -7 Bust of Helios r., radiate : border of dots. APOA€l CIGflN Eagle with open wings to the front, head r. ; border of dots. 83 M -7 Humped bull to r., head lowered : border of dots. A <|)P O AEIEHEIIN Similar type, but eagle’s head 1, : border of dots. 84 JE '55 Similar type : border of dots APOAI Ell EGON Bipennis ('Labrys) bound with fillet : border of dots. APHROmSIAS. 39 40 OARIA. No. Metal. Size. Obverse. 94 JE -75 Augustus and Li via. C€BACT o| Heads of AnoAAllNlOC APoAICI€ Augustus laur.j and of fIN YlOC Cultus-statue of. Li via, jugate, r. Aphrodite facing^ as on no, 85. 95 M »85 97 M *65 98 M -55 99 M *8 100 M *75 101 M -75 C € BACTH of Li via r., draped. Livia. Bust AnoAAf2NI[oCYloClAPoA y\n.3\o\ Distyle temple containing cultus- statue of Aphrodite, as on no, 21, between a small seated figure of a Priestess 1 on the left, and an Ionic capital surmounted by an uncertain object on the right. [PI. VII. 3.] 96 M 1-05 (CEBA CTH) Gains Caesar. TAIOX Head of Gains APOAI XIEI2N Head of KAIXAP Caesar r., bare. Aphrodite r., wearing stephane and necklace. Tiberius. OEOZ XEBAXTOZ A4>P OAI XIEHN Cultus- Head of Augustus r., statue of Aphrodite facing, veiled, laur. and wearing kalathos ; her arms extended . 102 M *75 APHRODISIAS. 41 No. Metal. Size, Obyerse. Reverse. Hadrian. 103 M 1‘2 AV KAI TPA AAPIA NOCC6 Bust of Hadrian r,, laur., wearing cuirass with aegis and paludamentum. APOA€l CIEHN Zeus? naked to waist, seated 1. on throne without hack, himation over legs and 1. shoulder ; his r. arm is extended, his 1. rests on throne,* O 1— t M 1*15 AV KAI TPA AAPIA NOC C€ Bust of Hadrian r., laur,, wearing cuirass with aegis and paludamentum. A P O A€ 1 C 1 €fl N c ultus-statue of Aphrodite r., veiled^ and wearing kalaihos or modius, round which serpent coils ; in field 1. crescent, r. star ; in front, Eros stands r. aim- ing with how and arrow. [PI. VII. 4.] 105 JK M Same die. APO A€ 1 C 1 €flN Tetrastyle temple, within which cultus-statue of Aphrodite facing, veiled, and wearing kalathos or modius. M. Aurelius. 106 M 1-5 AVT AVP[ANTfl] NINOC Bust of M. Aurelius 1., laur., wearing cuirass and paludamen- tum. TKZHAOCIE PEYCEHINIKI ON ANE(6»77kc) ; and in ex., A4>POAEICI eriN Cultus-statue of Aphrodite 1., before which stand M. Aurelius and L. A^erus 1., each clad in paludamentum and raising his r. hand in act of adoration. This type may be compared with that of no. 23, supra. O 42 CARIA. No. Mefcal. Size. Obverse. E-everse. Faustina Jun. 107 M 1-25 4>AVCT€INA C€BAC TH Bust of Faustina, r., draped. TKZHAOC ANE © HKE A4>POAIEI Aphrodite standing 1., wearing long chiton and peplos, resting with 1. on sceptre, and hold- ing on outstretched r. a figure of Eros L, with bow and arrow. 108' 1-2 AVCT€tNA C€BAC TH Bust of Faustina r., draped. T K S HAOC AN€0 HK€ Ai>PO A€IC1 € flfsl Cultus -statue of Aphrodite r., veiled, and wearing kalathos or modius ; behind her, a small veiled figure of a priestess ? seated r. on a throne, and in front an altar in the form of a tripod, or of a Corinthian capital, surmounted by a conical cover (cf. Daremberg et Saglio, Diet desAnt, S.V. ara, fig. 428; and Schreiber, Die Sell. Belief bilder, no. 71 ; also coin of Aperlae in Lycia). 109 M 1-2 AVCT€INA C€BAC TH Bust of Faustina r., draped. TKSHAOCAN €APOA€ICI €fl Tyche standing 1., wearing modius, and holding rudder and cor- nu copiae. 110 JE 1-3 L. Ycius. [AVT]KAICAP AAV PLOVHPOC] Bust of L. Yerus r., laur. ; wears cuirass and paluda- mentum. TKXHAOC[l€P€YC GHINIKI ONANG] A4>POA[GI]C I GUN (ill ex.) Octastyle temple, in the central intercolumniation of which is a cultus-statue(?) of Aphrodite; fiank- ing the temple on either side is a statue on a pedestal. APHEODISTAS. 43 111 M 1-5 Sept, Severus. AV KAI A C€nC€0| M€NI TTITO CK AIZHNIINTH VHPOCne PT-A V r (double struck). Bust of Sept. Severus r., laur._, wearing cuirass and paludamentum. □ATPIA APOAICI€nN (in ex.) (double struck). Severus in military costume, and wielding short javelin, on horseback, galloping r. over two prostrate foes, [PI. VII. 5.^ AVKAIACEHT C€OV €niAPXTnNn€(pO [M€N€C HPO[Cn€] Bust of Q€A] Sept. Severus r., laur. I COB OVNON (in held) ; APOA€ICI (in ex.) 6HN Cultus-statue of Aphrodite r., veiled ; behind her, a small veiled figure of a Priestess 'i seated r. on throne, and in front altar, as on nos. 108, 114. 112 M 1*4 Julia Domna. 113 M P2 lOVAIAAO MI/l[AC€l[M€NITTnO]CAN €OH Ad)PO BACJTH Bust of Julia AICICXIN Aphrodite and Ares Domna r., draped. ^ standing facing one another; Aphro- dite r., clad in long chiton with peplos over legs, embraces Ares round the right shoulder with her two arms ; Ares 1., naked, but armed with hel- met, shield and spear, places his right baud on the peplos of the goddess ; behind the two figures hangs the golden net in the form of a curtain. [Pi. VII. 6.] 44 CARIA. Meta Size I Obverse. 114 JE 1-6 lOVAIAAO MNACe M€NITTnOC KAI SHNI2N BACT -Bust of Julia AN€0€C • Domna r., draped. APOAICI €X2N Cultus-statue of Aphrodite r., veiled and -wearing modius j in field L and r. star and crescent : behind her, a small veiled figure of a Priestess ? , seated r. on throne, and' before her| an altar, as on nos. 108, 112. [PI. VII. 7.] 115 M 1*2 lOVAIAAO MNAC€ TIKASHNUNARXIC APX1N£ BACT H Bust of OKAN6© ^ Julia Domna r., draped, AP OAI Cl€ I2N Cultus-statue of Aphrodite facing, wearing modius, and yeil and long robes, fillets hanging from her extended hands ; on either side a goose with head turned back towards goddess. 116 M 1-25 lOVAIAAOM NAAV [€□! APXT]I2Nn€PIM€N€C rOVCTA Bust of 0€AICO Julia Domna r., draped. , BOV NON A<|)POA€(CI €12 N (in ex.) The three Charites, naked, in usual attitudes ; the outer ones hold respectively, an ear of corn 1 and a flower. 117 M 1-2 118 M 1-15 [PL VII. 8.] APHR0DI3IAS. 45 46 CARIA, Metal. Size. Julia Maniaea. 23 M 1-3 lOVAIA MAM€AC€B APO A€ICI€ Zeus, with hima- Eust of Julia Mamaea r. flN tion over legs, seated 1. on throne ; holding ISTike on extended r., and resting with 1. on sceptre. .24 JE 1-4 !Maximinus. A[VTK]nOV MASIM AP OAE ILIEnN Aphrodite, . . . Bust of Maximinus naked but for peplos over legs, r., laur., wearing cuirass seated r. on throne ; three Erntes and paludamentum. playing around her, two behind and one in front. [PI. VIII. 1.] Gordianus III. .25 -M 1*4 AVKMAN rOPAIA A4>PO AEICI Tetrastyle temple KOC (sic) Bust of €IiN containing cultus- Gordian r.^ radiate, wear- statue of Aphrodite r,, between small ing cuirass and paluda- figure of seated Priestess? and low mentum. altar ? Aphrodite wears modius, flanked by crescent and star. Inscr. obliterated. A4>P O A€l Cultus - statue of CIEIIM Aphrodite r., wearing modius, between small figure of seated Priestess ? and low altar with conical cover ? To r. and 1. of central group is a cippus, on each of which an Eros, poised on one leg, points a torch towards the head of Aphrodite. APHR0DISIA3. 47 1 M4tal. Reverse. Siae. Obverse. AVKMAPAN TOP A4>POA€ICI€flN Centaur r.^ AIANOCC€ Bust of Gordian r., radiate, wear- ing cuirass and paluda- holding in 1. strung bow ? r mentum. 127 iEl-4 AVKM ANTOP rOPAIA NHA ATTAAHA AIANOC Bust of APOAICI€ Gordian r., laur., wear- ing cuirass and paluda- I2N Three naked athletes, standing mentum. round a vase (hydria ? for drawing lots?) ; two of them raise their right hands to their faces, the third points with r. hand, and holds palm in 1. 128 ^ 1*2 ' * [PL VIII. 2.] AV KA MA- ANrOP|APOA€l CienN 1 f headed, wearing cuirass Tyche standing L, wearing modius, and paludamentum. and holding rudder and cornucopiae. 13( 4 ) M M5 . * P. Aelius Apollcnianas is [2792, as a Hpfifi07rsi\dpios, mentioned in an inscr. in Boeckb, 0. I, G. 48 OAEIA. APHRODISTAS. 136 M 1*3 AV Kno TAAAIH A P O A€l NO C Eusti of Gdllie- CI€nN nus r., wearing helmet galloping r,, wielding lance, encircled by radiate crown, and armed with cuirass, shield and spear. Gallienus on horseback, 137 M 1-05 AV KAinOTAA AIH €niA P AH6A NOC East of Gallic- A4>POAI nus 1., radiate, wearing CI€DN cuirass and paludamen- tum. AA Similar type. 138 M 1-1 Same die. €PMOr€NOVCAn€AAA APOA€l cienN Similar type. 139 M 1-1 AVKAinOATA AAIH A <|) P O NOC Bust of Gallie- IJCICHU nus 1., radiate, wearing cuirass and paludamen- tum. A Similar type. 140 M 1-1 Similar. A P O A I Similar type. CienN 141 M 1-05 Similar (AVKAITTOAI A TA AAIHNOC) POA I Similar type 1. CienN 142' JE 1 AV KAinOTAA NOC Similar type. AIH AP OA ei Similar type r. ; CienN beneath horse, two prostrate foes. H 50 OAEIA, APHEODISIAS. 51 Metal. Size, 149 M *95 150 M 1'05 1511 JE M5 162 M *95 153 JE *8 il54l M *8 Obverse. Eeverse, Inscr. obscure. Similar type. A [] S Similar type ; urns inscribed O A 1 C K An€TIl A M , nV0 l€HN lA ; table uninscribed. AVKAinOATAA AIH NOC Bust of Gallie- nus 1., wearing helmet encircled by radiate crown, and armed with cuirass, shield and spear. A4> PO A€ I C ! Similar type ; urns €I2N inscribed KATTC TfiAiLA], nv ©lA, and table OIKOVM€N!KOC ; beneath table, amphora between two purses. AV KHO TAAAIH NO C Similar type. Same die as no. 136. APO A€IC lenN Similar type, but purses not apparent beneath table. Salonina. KOPNCA AI2NINA Bust of Salonina r., wear- ing stephane ; behind her shoulders, crescent. A]POA € 1 C|€fIN Cultus- statue of Aphrodite r., wearing modius, between small figure of seated Priestess ? and low altar with conical cover ? ; in held 1. and r., star and crescent. KOP CAAIININA Similar. APOA ICIEflN Similar; shape of altar % varied. lOVKOP CAAI2NI NA Similar. APOA 1 CI€nN Similar ; shape of altar ? varied. 52 CARIA. No. Metal. Size. 155 M *85 156 JE -85 157 M -95 158 M 1*0 159 M *95 160 -85 Obverse. Reverse. lOVKOPN CAAXiNI A4>POA€l CI€nN Hermes N A Similar. (Agoraios ?),* naked but for pefcasos and cblamys on 1. arm, standing to front, head 1. ; he holds in r. purse, and in 1. caduceus. [PI. Y [II. 5.] Similar. AP OAI CI€f2N Hermes, naked hut for petasos, chlamys and winged pedilia, running r., looking back at ram, which he drags by the horn, and holding in 1. caduceus. [PI. VJ HI. 6.] (AP O AlCieilN) KOPNCA AHNINA APOA€l Cl [€]nN Tyehe Same die as no. 152. standing 1., with usual attributes. < nOAIKOP CAAHNI NAC Similar. APOAIC 1 €X2N Similar. AinOKOP CAAI2NI APOAI C l€nN Similar. N A Similar. * That Hermes Agora i os was worshipped at Aphrodisias we know from iascriptions (see L© Bae-Waddington, As. Min. TViscr., iii. 3Y3, no. 1601). aphrodisias. 53 No. Metal. Si/e. Obverse. Reverse. ALLIANCE COINS. / Aphrodisias and Ephesus. Sept. Severus. AY-K A C€H C€OV H POC TT Bust of Sept. Severus r., laur., wearing cuirass and palu- damentum. A4>POA €IC!AC € €COC and in ex, OMONOIA ApBrodisias and Epliesos seated face to face. Aphrodisias r., wears modiuSj chiton and peplos, rests on sceptre with her 1., and supports on extended r. cuitus-statue of Aphro- dite ; Ephesos 1., hare-headed and naked to waist, rests on sceptre with his 1., and supports on his extended r. cuitus-statue of Artemis Ephesia. Between the figures APX POA€ICI A N TIOX€f2N €I2N AH MO I OMONOIA The Demoi of Aphrodisias and An- tiochia standing face to face, each wearing chlamys over shoulder, and supporting on their joined r. hands cullus-statue of Aphrodite ; the Demos of Antioch carries a sceptre in his r. [PI. XI. IV. [See also Hierapolis Pbrygiae in alliance witb Aphrodisias.] 54 OAKIA. No. Metal. Size. Obverse. Reverse. APOLLONIA SALBACE. BBONZE. First Century b.o. 1 JE *76 Head of Zeus r., laur., two stiff curls banging down back of neck. ATTO A AH Amazon (or Sabazios ?) N 1 AT H N on horseback r., double- axe (labrys) over shoulder ; beneath horse, Maeander pattern.* [PI. IX. 1.] 2 JE *7 The Eider on this specimen is distinctly feminine (see Introduction). / Head of Zeus r., laur. AnOAA[n] WiBged thunderbolt. NIATU[N] 3 .iE *65 to 1., riAi ? [PI. IX. 2.] Head of Apollo r., laur. AnOAACONIATWN M€NANA POC Eagle with spread wings standing r, on laurel-branch. 4 iE -85 Head of Apollo r., laur. ATTOAAX2 Lyre (kithara) with four NIATUN strings. 5 M *65 Head of Apollo r,, laur. Similar. 6 ^ *65 * The Maeander symbol on this coin and on two others published by Imhoof (6^r, If., 667) makes it very doubtful whether their attribut^n to Apollonia Salbace is correct. The femalef?) rider with the bipennis oVeG.| shoulder and Maeander symbol beneath horse, occurs also on coins of Tripolis on the Maeander of the time of Augustus, and were it not for the fact that we have no evidence that Tripolis was ever called Apollonia, the attribution of these coins to that city would seem almost certain. APOLLONIA. 55 IMetal. Size. JE ‘8 M *75 M -9 M -95 M ‘95 M *95 Obverse. Reverse, Iinperial Times, (a) "^Yithout heads of Emperors, Hadrian to the Antonines. AHAOAnNIA {sic) HAHIAC KAAAinnOV Zens East of Athena r., hel- wearing* chiton and himation seated meted and wearing aegis : h, on seat without hack ; holding on border of dots, extended r. Hike, and resting with [Cf. similar bust on coin 1. on sceptre : border of dots, of Miletopolis Mysiae, struck under Hadiian; Cat. Mys., pi. xxi. 5,] [PI. IX. 3.] AnOAAIl NIATXiN AIA[ K]AA Ain OY Two Female bust r., veiled : uncertain draped figures standing border of dots. face to face (Apollo and Aitemis ^ : border of dots. Same die. TTATTI OV KAAA ITTOV Similar type \ Apollo has laurel- branch, Artemis, quiver, behind shoulder. AnOAAflNIA CAA KAAAin n OV CTPA A- BAKH Bust of Apol- Asklepios and Itygieia standing to Ionia r. ; hair rolled and the front, face to face, with their looped up at back of usual attributes : border of dots, neck : border of dots. (Same dies.) [ri. IX. 4.] 56 CAHIA. No. Metal. Size. Obverse. 13 M *95 l€PA CVNKAHTOC XAPMIAHC N€IKOCTPATA Bast of the Senate r., TTOAAHNIAT SIN CTPAT diademed : border of dots. HTIIN Tyche standing 1., -wear- ing inodius, and holding rudder and cornucopiae : border of dots. [PL IX. 5.] .14 ^ *8 Time of Sept. Seyerus or later. !€PA BOVAH Bust AnOAAIl Nl ATflN A.skle- of Boule r. : border of pios and Hygieia^ as on no. 11 : dots. border of dots. AHMOC Head of youth- ATTOAAnN lATflN Dionysos, fill Demos r., bare : bor- wearing short chiton, standing to ^der of dots. front, head 1., holding grapes and thyrsos : border of dots. Bust of Apollo r., laur. ; a AnOAAfI laurel-branch in front : caduceus. border of dots. NIATHN Winged 16 M -65 17 M *7 18 M *75 19 ! 7E -7 Imperial Coinage. {P) With heads of Emperors, Augustus, ZEBA ZTOZ Head I ATTO AAXIN I Apollo clad in long of Augustus r.j bare. AT HN chiton and bima- KAA Aimroz tion, standing to APT6MI front, head 1. ; AIIPOY holding on r. hand raven, and in 1. laurel-branch, [PI. IX. 6.J ZEBAZ TOZ APOLLONIA. 57 58 OARIA, ASTS-RA. 60 CARIA. ASTTRA 61 62 OARIA. No. Wt. Obverse. Reverse. A T T U D A. First Century b.o. SILYER. D r a clini. Head of the City r.^ ATTOYAA€f2N Apollo naked, turreted, two long locks standing L, resting 1. elbow on of hair hanging down Corinthian column, and holding in neck, extended r. uncertain object; in front [2:n]z (?) [injo AIZ XAP Ml AHZ AE ilJN? [PI. X. 9.] BRONZE. Imperial Times. (a) Without heads of Emperors, Time of Trajan, Bust of Athena r., wear- ATTO V A€flN Tyche stand- ing crested helmet and ing 1., wearing modius, and ho!d- aegis, spear projecting ing rudder and cornucopiae ; border in front of bust : bor- of dots, der of dots, 5 ATTOV A€HN Al AM€ NITTnOV Hygieia Bust of Asklepios r. ; standing r., feeding serpent from in front, serpent- staff : patera : border of dots, border of dots. 5 [PI. X. 10.] ATTUDA. 63 No. Metal. Size. Obverse. Reverse. AHMOCATTOVAe I2N Bust of Demos t., bearded, shoulders bare, hair bound -with taenia : border of dots. AIAM€NinOV ATTO All NOV (sic) Apollo naked, standing facing, holding branch, and bow : border of dots. 4 M *75 [PL X. 11.] 5 M -75 AHMOC ATTOVA€ flN Head of youthful Demos r. : border of dots. AIAM6NITTTTOV Sabazios on horseback r., with chlamys hying behind him, holding labrys over shoulder : border of dots. 6 ^ -85 [PL X. 12.] nOAIC ATTOVAe X2N Bust of City r., turreted : border of dots. AIA MAIAI [M€NinnOY] Dionysos standing L, wearing hima- tion, holding kantharos and resting on thyrsos ; at his feet, panther : border of dots. 7 JE 1*0 ATTOVA€ flN Bust of City r., turreted : bor- der of dots. AIA M€ NITTnOV Hemesis clad in loug chiton, standing L, her r. arm bent at elbow^ and plucking chiton at neck ; 1. hanging down holding bridle : border of dots. 8 JE -6 ATTO VAGHN Head of City r., turreted : bor- der of dots. AIAM€NinOV (sic) Three ears of com : border of dots. 9 M -65 64 OAUIA. No. Metal. Size. Obverse. j Eeveree. 1 Time of Sept. Severus, ATTOV AA Bust of AIA4>AABI ACICPIAC Cultus- City r., turreted : border statue of goddess w'earing long chiton of dots. with falling fold and belt, modius, and veil, standing to front; fiUets hanging from her hands : border of dots. M *85 [PI. X. 13.] 11 M -75 (Same die.) (Same die.) AHMOC Bust of youth- ATTOVACnN A 1 A A A B 1 A ful Demos r., laur. : bor- Cl €PIAC Apollo naked, stand- der of dots. ing to front, head 1., holding branch and resting 1. elbow on column. 12 M *95 Two countermarks (emperors heads). AHMOC Bust of youth- ATTOV A€flN Dionysos, naked ful Demos r., laur. ; bor- but for himation, standing to front, der of dots. head 1., holding kantharos and rest- ing on thyrsos : border of dots. 13 M 1*0 [PI. X. 14.] AHMOC Same type and ATTOV [A€I2N] Leto clad in border. long chiton and flying peplos, run- ning r., carrying her two children. 14 M -95 Two countermarks, (i) head of emperor r., (ii) letters AP. A H M OC Same type and ATTO V A6I2N Sabazios on . border. (Countermark, horseback r., holding labrys over r) shoulder : border of dots. 1 15 M -9 ATTTTDA, 65 No. Metal. Size. Obverse. Keverse. A H M O C Same type and border. A TTO V A€I2N Large altar of Men garlanded ; on it, three pine- cones, between which two small flaming altars (?) : border of dots. 16 M -85 AHM OC Same type and border. ATTOVACnN Large altar of Men : on it, three pine-cones, between which two altars in the form of short columns : border of dots. 17 M -65 MHN KAPOV Bust of Men Karou r., wearing Phrygian cap ; behind shoidders, crescent : bor- der of dots. A TTOV A €I2N Similar to no. 16. 18 M -9 (Countermark, Emperor’s head.) [PI. X. 15.] 19 M -85 (no countermark.) m I€PA CVNKAHTOC Bust of youthful Senate r., diademed : border of dots. ATTO V AenN Zeus naked, striding r., hurling thunderbolt with r., and holding eagle on extended L : border of dots. 20 M *95 [PI. X. 16.] 21 JE -95 I€PACVN KAHTOC Similar type : border of dots. ATT O VA€HN Asklepios and Hygieia standing face to face, with usual attributes : border of dots. 22 M -95 K 66 OARIA. axtuda. 67 No. Metal. Size. Obverse. Beverse. Sept. Severua. AVKAIAC€ nc€VHPOcn€[P] AVKAIANTON€l NOCAcenreT ACKAI Bust of Sept. Severus r., laur., in cuirass and paludamen- tum, between busts of Caracalla and Geta r. and 1., bare, each in cuirass and paludamentum. eniM€PO YOY nOAVAAN TnNi ATTOVA6 HN Totrastj'le temple, -within -which Kybele standing bet-ween two lions, on whose heads she lays her ex- tended hands.* 29 JE 1*65 [PL XI. 1.] AV KAi* A cerr C€ OVH POC Bust of Sept. Severus r., laur., in cuirass and paludamen- tUUL AIAKAAABI ACAPPII6P €IAC AT TOV A6 HN Kybele standing to front between two lions, on whose heads she lays her extended hands. [PI. xi. 2.] 30 JE 1*4 AVKAiAO vcencev Hpoc nep Bust of Sept, Severus r., laur., in cuirass and paludamen- tum. AV TOK K AI*A NT 31 M 1*45 V 1 v-r rN 1^ 1 r\ 1 ^ * * ATTOVA6 [IlN] Caracalla on galloping horse r., brandishing spear : beneath horse, two prostrate enemies. Julia Domna. lOVAIA AO MNAC 6B Bust of Julia Domna r. ATTOV A€flN Asklepios standing facing, head 1., holding ser- pent-stafF; beside him, Telesphoros. 32 M 1*15 ' * EniM€ probably be completed as ^Tn^eATjeeVros (of. Hiat. Num,j Introd., p. Ixvii. ). 68 OARIA. ATTUDA. 69 70 OARLA. Metal. Size. Obverse. M -8 M 1*1 B A E G A S A. BRONZE, Imperial Time. I€PA BOYAH Bustof BAPFA CHNIIN Telesphoros, Bonle r., veiled : border in usual costume, standing to front : of dots, border of dots. [PI. XI, 3.] Commodus. A AYPH KOMOAOC BAPfACH NXIN Asklepios L, Bust of Commodus r., and Hygieia r., standing face to face, laur. with their usual attributes. Gallienus. AYKAinO AITAAAI 6HI AV €P MWNOC BAP HNOC Bust of Gullie- PACH nus r., radiate, wearing NI2N cuirass and paludamen- The Emperor on horseback r, turn. 3 M 1*0 [PI. XI. 4.] BARGYLIA. 71 wt. Metal. Size. Obrerse. M -65 BARGYLIA. First Century b.c. SILTER, Drachm. Head of Artemis Kind y as BAPP VAIHTtON Pegasos r.j hair in knot behind, flying r. ; behind, star : border of and covered with veil : dots, the whole within laurel- wreath. [PI. xr. 6.] BRONZE. Similar, BA PPV AIHTn[N] Pegasos flying r. m *75 [PI. XI. 6.] M *75 (without veil.) ^ *65 (border of dots in place BAP PYAI H Same type of laurel-wreath.) TI2N varied. Similar head dots. border of BAPPYAI Quiver with strap H TXIN and strung bow: bor- der of dots. M *55 M -6 B A P PY 72 OARU. No. Metal. Size. Obverse. Reverse. East facing of Artemis Kin- [BAPr]YA[l H] Bellerophon riding dyas, veiled and wearing TUN on flying Pega- Stephanos ( ?) ; border of dots. sos r. : border of dots. 7 ^ -85 8 iE -76 (CO in inscr.) Pegasos flying r. : border of BAPPYAI Statue of Artemis Kin- dots. HTIIN dyas standing on basis, facing and veiled. 9 M -7 Stag standing r. : border of BAPfY Similar. dots. AIHTHN 10 ' M -7 [PL XI. 7.] Pegasos flying r, : border of [B]APPll'A[l Stag standing r. : dots. HTX2N border of dots. 11 M -75 [PI. II. 8.] Forepart of Pegasos r. : bor- Same inscr. Forepart of stag r. der of dots. 12 ^ -55 Imperial. Titus. TITOC KAICAP C€ BAPrY AIHTCON Statue of BACTOC Head of Artemis Kindyas, facing and veiled, Titus r., laur. and with hands crossed over her W breast ; before statue, flaming altar ; and on r., stag, looking up. 13 iE -75 [PI. XI. 9.] BARQYLIA. 73 74 CARIA, Metal. Size. JR *45 JR *4 JR *45 .^55 -6 M *5 M *5 JR -5 JR *45 J{^ -45 yE -4 Obverse. Reverse. c AUiSrus. BRONZE. Before circ. b.c. 309.* Forepart of bull r. K A Sphinx seated r. [PI. XII. L] Bull butting r. K A Sphinx seated r. [PI. xn. 2.] Bull butting r. ; ivreatli. above, K A Sphinx seated r. Y [PI. XII. 3.] * As Borrell Chron.^ ix. 149) states tbatBe acquired some of these coins from a Greek merchant captain trading between Rhodes and the coast of the mainland, there is every reason to suppose that the attribu- tion to Cannus is correct, for this town was situated on the southern coast of Caria, opposite Rhodes. Dr. Imhoof-Blumer’s suggestion that they may perhaps belong to Oaryanda {Wum, Zeit^ 1884, p. 269) on the gulf of Bargylia seems to me to be a less probable attribution, as not one of the specimens in the British Museum shows any trace of the letter p behind the tail of the Sphinx. CAUNUS. 75 No. Wfc. Obverse, Reverse. Under the Ptolemies. Give. B.c. 309—189, ‘ SILVER, Rhodian Standard. Hemi drachm. Head of Alexander the K ^ Cornucopiae hound with Great r,, diademed. fillet ; in field r., crux ansata ? : border of dots. 11 14-1 M *4 [PL XII. 4.] BRONZE. Head of Alexander the K ^ Cornucopiae bound with Great r. fillet. 12 M *45 [PL XII. 5.] ! Head of Athena r., wear- K ^ Cornucopiae bound with ing crested Corinthian helmet : her hair arranged in formal cnids, as on many of the gold staters of Alexander, fillet. 13 M -6 After B.c. 166. SILVER. Rhodian Standard. Hemidrachms. Head of Athena r., wear- K ^ Sword in sheath with ing crested helmet. strap. 14 17'4 M '4 above, KTH TOZ in field L, Bulbs head facing. [Bank Coll.] 16 13-6 M *4 above, KTH TOZ in field r., Caduceus. 16 17’2 ^ -5 above, A POZ in field r., Bunch of grapes, 1 [PL XII. 6.] 76 CAEIA, Metal, Obverse. BRONZE, Head of Apollo] r., laiir. ] K X liair in formal curls. Sword in sheath with strap. [PL XII. 7.] [Bank Coll.] (the whole in shallow incuse square as on contemporary coins of Khodes.) CERAMUS, 77 78 CABIA, Metal. Size. Obverse, 4 M *65 5 M ‘65 6 M '5 Head of City r._, turreted : K E Caduceus ; the whole in laurel- border of dots, wreatli. [PL XII. 11.] (K E not visible.) Imperial, Antoninus Pius. AYTOK KAIC ANTH AIAI 06MICT0KAHC HPIl Head of TON APZKEPAMIHTI2N Antoninus Pius L, laur. Zeus standing 1., clad in himation, holding patera and resting on sceptre surmounted by eagle : at his feet an eagle L, looking back.* [PI. XII. 12.] Commodus, [AV KAI A AV 0)] KO €□! Al OAOAPZKEPA MIH MOAOC Bust of TUN Male figure (Zeus Stratios, Commodus r.j laur., wear- or Labraundos 1) standing r., clad in ing cuirass and paluda- short chiton, holding spear in r. mentum. and labrys in 1. ; behind him an animal resembling a goat recumbent with fore-foot raised, f [PL XII. 13.] * Of. Friedlaender*s reading of the reverse inscription in Z. /. ii. 109, n AIAI OEMICTOKAHC HPOTOAEONAIC K€PA Ml which is almost certainly wrong. On the present specimen the words npnxoN and AP— , thongh very indistinct, are decipherable. f The divinity here represented is the same as the one on a coin of Commodus figured in Zeit.f. Num,j ii., p. 111. On that coin he stands with a lion at his feet, facing a figure of ^eus Ohrysaoreus with eagle at feet. It is probably an archaic statue of Zeus Stratios or Labraundos. The animal at the feet of the god on this coin resembles a goat or stag (of. coin of Mylasa, PI. siii. 4), CHALCETOR. 79 80 CARIA. Obverse. Reverse. CHEESONESUS OEIDIA. SILVER. Circ. B.C. 550—500. Aeginetic Standard. Stater. + Forepart of lion r. Incuse square, within which Q3 + head and neck of bull r. [Bank Coll.] [PI. xin. 1.] Drachm. Forepart of lion r. Incuse square, within which + E D and bull’s head facing. [PI, XIII. 2.] ObolP Lion’s head r. Incuse square, within which +ED head and neck of bull r. [PI. sill. 3.] CIDRAMUS, 81 No. Metal. Size. Obverse. Beyerse. CIDEAMUS. Imperial Times, (a) Without heads of Emperors. 1 iE 1'45 I€PAC VNKAHTO C Bust of the Senate r., diademed : border of dots. KIAPAMH NUN Zeus seated 1., naked to waist, himation over lower limbs, holds patera and rests on sceptre : border of dots. 2 M -65 Z €YCA VAIOC Bust of Zeus r., laur. : border of dots. KIA PA MHNflN Hermes, naked but for chlamys, standing to front, head L, holds purse and cadu- ceus. (/?) With heads of Emperors, ISTero. 3 M -75 NE PflN Bust of youth- ful Nero r., radiate. TTO witliin a laurel- wreath. A€M£1 NC6A6Y KOYKI APA 4 M -75 Nero (?) * 5 M 1* ZEBAZTOZ Head of Nero ? r., laur. nOAEMflNZE AEYKOYKIAP A M H Nil N Cultus- statue of Aphrodite^ to front, wealing modius and veil, her fore- arms extended at right angles from her body. : * The head on this coin has been described as that of Augustus, but to me at least, it seems rather to resemble Nero. This attribution is further strengthened by the magistrate's name on the reverse nOAEMXlN 2EAEYKOY, on nos. 3 and 4. t This Asiatic goddess is -without doubt the famous Aphrodite of the neighbouring city of Aphrodisias. M 82 OABIA CIDRAMUS. 83 84 CAKIA. CNIDUS. 85 wt. Metal. Size. Obverse. 7 95* M -65 Head (or fore-part) of Incuse square, within which head of lion 1. Aphrodite 1., without earring ; hair indicated hy lines ; the ends of the queue turned up beneath a broad diadema. [PI. XIII. 12.] Head of lion r. 8 26*8 M *45 Di ob 0 Is. Incuse square, within which head of Aphrodite r., wearing round earring ; hair bound with taenia, and falling in formal curls down neck. 9 27'3 M *45 Similar but dotted square within in- cuse square. [PL xm. 13.] 10 26* JR *45 Linear square within incuse square • floral ornament in r. top corner : within, head of Aphrodite r., hair in queue. Circ. B.c. 550 — 500. Drachms. Forepart of lion r. Incuse square, within which head of Aphrodite r,, of fine archaic style, wearing pendent earring and neck- lace ; hair indicated by dots, in queue and bound with diadema of beads. 95*7 M -65 12 96*7 HI -65 (Same dies.) [PI. XIV. 1.] 86 CABIA. Wt. Metal, Size. Obverse. Reverse. 95-7 M -65 • K ^ I earring round ; necklace with ornament in front ; diadema plain. [PI. XIV. 2.] 94-9 M *65 1 (Same dies.) 98'3 M »65 93-2 M *7 Circ. B.C. 500 480. Drachms. Forepart of lion r. Incuse square, within which, head of Aphrodite r., of fine archaic style, wearing necklace but no earring ; hair in lines (not dots) worn in queue, and bound with sphendone. 98-5 M -65 [PL XIV. 3.] Similar. Similar, but hair bound with myrtle wreath. 97-2 ^ -65 93*3 M -65 (Same dies.) [PL XIV. 4.] Circ. B.O. 412 400. D r a c.hm s. Forepart of lion r. Incuse square, 'within which 1 K N around head of Aphrodite r., of transitional style, wearing sphen- done, 93-7 M *7 [PI. XIV. 5.] 91*4 M -7 CNIDrS. S7 88 CARIA. No Wt. Metal. Size. Obverse, Keyerse, D r a c lx m. Forepart of lion r. Incuse square, within which head ol Aphrodite Euploia r. ; hair in sphendone ; behind, prow up- wards. 26 57-6 M *6 [PL XIV, 8.] Circ. B.c. 394-390, Bhodian Standard. Tridraclim. Federal Coinage. (Cnidus, Ehodes, Tasus, Ephesus and Samos.) [S Y] N Infant Hera- kles r., strangling two serpents ; around his body, crepundia? [K] N 1 A 1 n N Head of Aphrodite Euploia r., wearing earring and necklace ; hair in sphendone. 27 164*8 M *9 behind, prow r. [PI. XIV. 9.] Cire. B.C. 390—300. Tetradrachm, 28 223*4 M *9 Head of Aphrodite Eiiploia L, wearing earring and necklace ; h air ga th ered into a knot behind ; ampyx across forehead : be- hind, prow L Forepart of lion r. [PL XV. L] CNIDUS. 89 No. Wt. Metal, Reverse. Size. Obverse. * Drachms. Head of Aphrodite r , , wearing earring : hair rolled in front and con- fined at the hack in a sphendone. KN 1 Forepart of lion r. above. APXEKP[ATHS] 29 50- M *6 [PL XV. 2.] 30 54* M *55 1 above, EYP[nN]* [PL XV. 3.] 31 49- JR -55 above, [T]EAECKt»[PnN]* 32 48-1 JR *55 „ 0) 33 49*5 M -55 Head of Aphrodite L, wearing earring ; hair in sphendone. Magistrate's name illegible. KNI Forepart of lion r. above, KAAAIPnN 34 47-4 JR *6 [PI. XV, 4.] Hemi drachms. Head of Aphrodite r., wearing earring ; hair rolled in front and confined at the back in a sphendone. Forepart of lion r. above, KAEIN[irPO^] 35 25*1 JR -45 [PI. XV. 5.] 36 25-2 JR *5 above, KAEINirPoS beneath, caduceus, [PI. XV. 6.] * AUboogli these magistrates* names recur on coins of the next period, it is not certain that they are the same individuals, as the style of these specimens shows that they are decidedly of an earlier date. *vr N 90 GAEIA, No. 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 Metal . Obverse. wt. Size, Keverse. Head of Aphrodite r. , wearing earring; hair KNI BulFs head facing. rolled. 21‘3 [pierced] M *5 in field!., API[Pn]N 21*3 JR *45 „ nANOAAHZ [PI. XV. 7.] Head of Aphrodite r., wearing earring ; hair bound with diadema. KNI Head and neck of bull r., (head almost facing). 19-2 m -45 in field !., BAIXIN [PL XV. 8.] Circ. B.o, 300—190. Ehodian Standard. Drachms. Head of Aphrodite r., KNI Forepart of lion r. wearing stephane, ear- ring and necklace : bor- der of dots. 43-2 M -65 above, AYTOKPATHS 45*7 JR -65 )» >» [PL XV. 9.] 49-2 A -65 above, „ Head of Aphrodite r., wearing earring and KN 1 Forepart of lion r. necklace ; hair in sphendone : border of dots. 42*5 ^ -65 behind neck, helmet. above, 0EYM EAllN* TPl. XV. 10.] 47-3 M -6 (Same die.) 1 above, „ * A tetradrachna of tbis issue was in the late Mr. Montagu’s ' oollection, see Num. Ohron, 1892, PI. iii. 7. Its weight is 227*5 grs. ONI DUS. 91 Head of Aphrodite r., KNI wearing earring and necklace; hair gathered np and tied at the hack of head ; ends loose : border of dots 1 Forepart of lion r. 48-6 HI ‘6 behind “E('l) above, ArAOO(|)[ANHX] 46 52*2 HI -55 47 61-3 HI *65 TEAEAZ [PL XV. 11.] I above, T et r ob ol s. Head of Artemis r.,wear- l[KN]IAin[N] ing stephane ; quiver K A P N E I Z at shoulder. KOZ Tripod. 37-7 35-6 M -55 [PI. XV. 12.] M *5 (with round earring and KAAAIfinoZ necklace.) [PL XV. 13.] Hemidrachms. Bust of Artemis r., wear- |HX1IAII/I>I ing stephane ; quiver 4>Y3 at shoulder; shoulders draped : border of dots? 26*4 HI *6 Tripod. 51 25’9 HI *55 KNIAiXlN KYAOKAH[X] 92 OARIA. No. Metal. Size, Obverse. Reverse. BEOKZE. Head of City 1., turreted. K N 1 A 1 12 N Forepart of lion 1. 62 M *65 [PI. XV. 14.] 53 M -66 JE -7 AAM[o KPATIAZ] Head of Aphrodite r. ; or of the Democracy, wear- ing earring and necklace ; hair in sphendone : be- hind, "E KNI Prow r, ; beneath, club. above, AN Tl? in front, grapes. 56 M *6 [AAM]OKPATI[AZ] « APIXTArOP AZ 57 M *55 Inscr, obscure. Ho mono gram. KNIAIXIN (beneath); around, KAEITOn[N] 58 M *5 Tnscr, obscure. "E (?) KNI (above); beneath, AZ 59 M -5 )» 0) „ magistrate’s name illegible. 60 M *55 31 33 (9 [KNI]AII2N ^ (beneath) ; magis^ trate’s name not visible ; in front, uncertain symbol. Head of Aphrodite r.^ hair rolled. KN 1 Prow r. ; beneath, club. 61 ^ -55 around, FIYOXIN. | CNIDUS. 93 94 CABIA. CNIDUS. 95 Ko. Metal. Size. Obyerse. Reverse. After B.o. 167. BRONZE. 78 M *66 Head of Apollo r., laur. ;|Head and neck of Bull 1,: border of hair in formal curls. (Cf . dots, contemporary coins of the later Lycian League.) i KN€I KAI) 84 M *55 type r. ; name illegible. 85 M *75 86 M *75 Head of Apollo r., laur.; KNIAIHN hair in formal curls. APIZTOTTO AIZ [PI. XVI. 3.] Between lines of in- scription, bunch of grapes. 96 OARIi^ . Obverse. BRONZE. 87 1 Ml-l 88 M : First Century b.c. Large Lead of young Diony- KN[IAI]flN Vine-branch, with two SOS L, crowned with ivy. bunches of grapes : border of dots. (Countermark, female head above, ETTA r. (Aphrodite ?) TA0OZ [PI, XVI. 4.] Large head of young Diony- KN IAIX2N Vine-branch with bunch SOS r., crowned with ivy : of grapes between tendril and leaf, border of dots. (Countermark, Female head beneath, ///AAEXIN [or ///ANUN] r. (Aphrodite ?) [PI. XVI, 5,] Head of Athena r,, wearing KNIAIIIN EYBOYA[OC] Hike crested helmet. advancing 1., carrying wreath and palm. kniaiun teaezitthoz Head of the Aphrodite of KNIAIXIN A I OKA HZ Dionysos Praxiteles r. : border of robed in long chiton and himation dots. standing 1., holding kantharos and thjrsos : border of dots. Head of the Aphrodite of KNI A ICON Dionysos robed in Praxiteles r. : border of long chiton and himation, standing dots. 1., holding kantharos and thyrsos : border of dots. Mm A IldM CNIDUS. 97 Metal. Size. Obverse, 95 M 1-1 KMI A ini/1 0) Head UniA I » Tyche standing 1 , of the Aphrodite of Praxi- turreted ; holds rudder and cornu- teles r. : border of dots. copiae : border of dots. 96 M 1*05 97 M *85 98 M -75 Imperial Time, (a) Without heads of Emperors. T-K-T*EniEY nOAE KNI AIXIN Lighted altar between IT A* Bearded head r. : two bunches of grapes : border of border of dots. dots. [PI. XVI, 6.] (^) With heads of Emperors. Caracalla ? M 1*25 AY-K’MAPAV KNIAI . • Homonoial standing r., Bust of Caracalla'? r., laur. ; holding cornucopiae and patera over wears cuirass and paluda- altar. mentum. (Broken in half.) 100 M 1*3 Caracalla and Plautilla. . . , TIININOC KNI AinN The Cnidian Aphro- a ) ) [PL XIX. 9.] Imperial Times. (a) Without heads of Emperors. Cornucopiae containing two hunches of grapes, between two ears of corn : border of dots. HPAKA EnrnN Double axe (Labrys) bound with fillet : border of dots. [PL XIX. 10.] I€PA BOVAH Bust of Boule r., veiled and laureate : border of dots. HPAKA €H THN Asklepios naked to waist, himation over 1. arm and legs, seated L on chair, holding in r‘ patera over a serpent coiled and erect before him, and in 1. crooked staff : border of dots. (same dies.) [These coins belong to the time of Caracalla. Of. Fox, ii., pb iv. 77.] ) HEBACLEA SALBAOB. 117 118 OAEIA. HERACLEA SALBACE 119 120 OABIA. Metal. Size. Obverse. Domitian, AO NOCKA HPA TUN Bearded Head of Domitian r., laur. Herakles naked, standing L, his r. arm extended ; club and lion’s skin on 1. arm. [PI, zx. 7.] Antoninus Pius. AVKAITIAIAAPI AN CTATTAAOC* APXIATPOC TI2N6INOC C€B HPAKACH THN, and across Bust of Antoninus Pius field, N€ OIC Herakles naked, r,, laur,, wearing paluda- standing to front, holding club down- mentum, wards in r., and strung bow in ex- tended 1. [PL XX. 8.] 26 M 1*3 M. Aurelius. MAVPHAIOC OVH CT ATTAAOC APXIA TPOC POC KAICAP Head HPAKA€nTI2N, and in ex., of M. Aurelius r., bare, N60IC Asklepios naked to waist, , himation over 1. shoulder and legs, seated 1, on chair, holding in his r, a patera over a serpent coiled and erect before him; in his 1. hand is a crooked staff. AYKAI ANTX2N6IN HPAKA[€] OC Bust of M. Aurelius type, r., laur., wearing cuirass and paludamentum. nTX2N Similar [PI. XX. 9.] * The letters CT on this coin stand for Statilios not for ^TpaTT}y6s. (See Introduction.) HEUACLEA SALBACB. 121 Obverse. 28 M 1*45 Sept. Severus. €TTC€ HPAKA€ XITUN Herakles stand- Bust of Sept. Severus r.^ ing to front, head 1. ; on 1. arm, club laur., wearing cuirass and and lion^s skin which also covers his paludamentum. head ; with his r., he pours libation upon flaming altar. (Countermark, wreath con- taining letter A) Julia Domna. 29 \M M5 lOVAIAAO MNAC6IHPA K A CHT BACT Bust of Julia Domna r., draped. n N Tetrastyle temple containing cultus- statue of goddess (Aphrodite facing): in front of statue, small altar with semicircular cover : in ex., altar garlanded. [PI. XX. 10.] 30 m M Macrinus, M on C €BH MAK HPAK A € ATHN Aphrodite P€ I N O C Bust of clad in long chiton standing to front, Macrinus r., laur., wear- head r. ; her r. arm is extended, her ing cuirass and paluda- 1. holds mirror.* mentum. 31 \M 1-0 [PL XX. 11.] * A similar figure of Aphrodite occurs on a coin of Cidramus (p. 82, no. 7, supra, PL xiii. 4). R 122 OAEIA» Metal. Obverse. H Y D I S U S. BEONZE. Mrst Century B.o. M -75 Bust of Athena r., wear- YAI Bearded figure standing ing crested helmet and Z E JQ [N] to front, head to r. aegis : plain border. He is armed with helmet and cuirass, rests with r. on spear, and carries shield on 1. arm. [PI. XX. 12.] * The armed figure is perhaps a local form of Zeus. HTLLAIHMA. 123 Metal. Size. Obverse. HYLLAEIMA. BRONZE, Barly Imperial Time. €niT€IMOO€OY AP YAAAPIM6 WN Athena stand- XONTOC Female bnst ing to front, head 1., holding olive- r,, hair rolled: border of branch in lowered r., and shield and dots. spear in 1. : border of dots. 1 M -8 2 M -75 [PL XX. 13.] 124 OARIA. TAStJS. 125 No. Mefeal. Size. Obverse. Beverse. BRONZE. Head of Apollo r., laur. IA Hermias and dolphin, as above. 6 M *7 beneath, ANAZinflOZ [PI. XXI. 4.] 7 JE -65 beneath, „ 8 M *6 „ [KJTHZIAZ 9 JE *65 „ HAYZANIAZ Head of Apollo r., laur., hair ia formal curls : bor- der of dots. IA Hermias and dolphin, as above. 10 M -6 beneath, ZTHZIOXOZ: the whole within wreath. Head of Artemis? r. : bor- der of dots. IA Hermias and dolphin, as above. 11 M *45 beneath, HO the whole in wreath. Head of Apollo r., laur. 1 AZ ■within ivv- wreath. EIIN 12 ^ -45 [PI. XXI. 5.] Lyre within laurel-wreath. IAC€(0 N Hermias and dolphin, as above. 13 M ‘5 beneath, magistrate’s name illegible. [PI. XXI. 6.] 126 CAETA. IDYMA. 127 „ ^ Metal. No. Wt. Obverse. IDYMA. Circ, B.c. 437—400, SILVEE. Phoenician Standard. Drachm. 58*2 Ua*6 2 54*6 JR *65 3 50-3 JR -55 4 56' JR *6 Head of Pan, full face Incuse square, within which, | A V with pointed ears and M I O N written round a fig- horns, leaf. [PL XXI. 8.] [PL XXI. 9.] Similar head of later Similar, but of incuse square traces style and of feminine only remain, appearance. 5 68- JR -55 [PL XXI, 10.] I 128 CARIA. MTIjAS Ai 129 No. Metal. Size. Obverse. Reverse. Free horse trotting r. MTAA (5?c) Ornamented trident. 8 M *65 Similar, MY A A Similar. ZEHN 9 A) -65 10 ^ '6 Similar. M Y Similar. 11 JE ‘45 [PI. XXI. 14.1 12 M -5 type 1. Forepart of galloping horse r. MYAA Similar. ZEHN 13 JE, -45 ' [PI. XXI. 15.] Double axe (labrys). MYAA Ornamented trident. ZEI2N 14 iE -45 [PL XXI. 16.1 15 M ‘3 16 M *35 Imperial Times, Free horse trotting 1. ; bor- M VAA C€flN Double axe der of dots. (labrys), handle encircled by laurel- wreath : border of dots. 17 M *65 * [PL xxT. 17.] 18 M -55 s 130 CARIA. MetaU Size. Obverse. 19 M -8 20 M -8 21 M *85 22 M *85 23 M *85 Imperial Coinage. Augustus. Head of Augustus r., bare : MYAA Head of Zeus Labraundos plain border. ZEflN r., wearing polos. Head of Augustus r., bare. MVAA CEflN Head of Zeus Labraundos r., wearing laureate polos and laurel-wreath, with diadem, ends hanging behind neck. [PL XXII. 1.] MVAAZEHN ZEBAZ OAAZ in four lines occupying the TOZ Head of Angus- TOZA whole field: plain bor- tus r., laur. : plain bor- NEOH der. der. KEN [PL XXII. 2.] MVAA EEflN Head TPAM of Augustus r., bare. M ATEV ONTOC VBPE OV* in five lines, within a laurel-wreath. [MVAA] Similar type. ZEI2N rPAM MATEV ONTOZ YBPEOY in four lines, within laurel- wreath. * This is yery probably Hybreas, the orator. See Strabo, 659, 660. MYLASA. 131 Metal . Size. Obverse. 24 M *65 Head of Augustus r., bare : plain border. MVAA Ornamented trident and SEUN labrys combined ; handle encircled by laurel-wreath and stand- ing on the back of a crab. 25 M *9 26 M -7 Hadrian. ///////// AAPI ANON //// MVAA within a wreath of palm Head of Hadrian r., laur. CEI2N AVTOKPATOPA AA MVAA PIANON CEBACT EEI2N ON Bust of Hadrian r., laur., in cuirass and paludamentum. Ornamented trident. Same die. MVAA EEflN Stag standing r. Antonmus Pius and Faustina. ANTHNINCOE] KAI MVAA [C]EnN Bust of Faustina CAP Head of Antoni- r., wearing stephane. nus Pius r., laur. Antoninus Pius and M. Aurelius. AIAIOC KAICAP AN MVAA C€X1N TIINEINOC Bust of Aurelius r., bare. Antoninus Pius r., laur. Head of !M. 132 CARIA, MTIiASA, 133 134 OARIA. No. Wt. Metal. Size, 1 57*6 M *65 2 48*1 iR -7 3 61*5 M -76 4 51*2 A -66 5 64'3 M *7 6 65-3 -7 Obverse. Reverse. M YNDUS. Second and First Centuries b.c. SILVER. Attic Standard. Tetr adrachm. [See Imhoof-Blumer, Zeit. f. Num., iii. 326, PI. ii. 1.] Drachms. Head of Zeus r., lanr. MYNAIflN Head-dress of Isis (horns, globe, and plumes, on two ears of corn) ; in field, magis- trate’s name j beneath, symbol : border of dots. M YNAIWN beneath, star. E niroNoz M YNAin[N] ,, thunder- EP MOAYK[OZ] bolt (or harpa ?) M Y N A I N beneath, grapes . HPOAIIDPOZ [PI. XXII. 6.] M YNAIflN star. 0E OAOTOZ (Same die as last.) M YN AIXIN ,, OeoAoToC M Y N A I H N f) thunderbolt. OEOAUPOZ [PI. XXIL 7,] MTNDtrS. 135 No. Wt. Metal. Size. Obverse. Reverse. 7 57*2 M -7 M YNAII2N beneath, -winged K A A A 1 CTO 2! thunderbolt . 8 56*2 JR *65 MYI/IAIfUl MHMoAOTO[Z] Hemidrachms. Head of Dionysos r., ivy-wreath : MYNAIX2N Winged thunder- wearing bolt ; in field, magistrato'a name : behind neck, thyrsos. border of dots. 9 33'5 JR -6 MYNAinN lEPOKAHX 10 29*6 JR *6 MYNAIfiN beneath, branch ? MHNOAO[TOC] [PI. XXII. 8.] 11 28- JR *55 MYt^Aini/l CVMMAXOC 12 30*2 JR *5 MYNAinN Trihemiobols. Head of Dionysos r., MYNAinN or MYNAI Bunch wearing ivy-wreatli. of grapes and magistrate’s name : border of dots. 13 11*4 JR *45 MYNAI EEHKEC [Bank Coll.] [PI. XXII. 9.] U 15‘2 M -45 MYNAI 0EOAO 15 16* JR *5 MYNAinN 16 18-6 yR *45 illegible. 136 OARIA. Metal. Size. BRONZE. Head of Zeua r., laur. M 1*0 MYN AlflN Eagle with open wings standing r., on thunderbolt: border of dots. in front, iziAnpoz [PI. XXII. 10.] [Bank Coll.] Head of Zeus r., laur. 18 M *65 M Y N A I N W inged thunderbolt, and magistrate’s name : border of dots. MHNOAO TOC M *6 M *6 JEi *65 [PI. XXII. 11.] MHNOA[o Toc: M *55 M *55 ZYMMAX [OZ] Head of Apollo r., laur. MYNAII2N (usually abbreviated), Owl seated to front on filleted olive- branch. 24 m *7 M *7 beneath, €P M lAZ [PI. XXII. 12.] I beneath, EPM I MYKDUS. 137 No. Metal. Size. Obverse. fie verse. 26 M *75 beneath, M EA A 27 M -75 28 M -7 „ msn 29 /E -75 M if 30 /E -75 „ cncT 31 Al -7 if Jf 32 M -7 „ COJDT MYNAIXIN Pyramidal structure of three stnges with a flight of steps on the right. (Fire-altar*) : border of dots. OEO KA HX Eagle r., with open wings : border of dots* 33 M *5 34 M *5 Head of Apollo ? r.^ laur. : border of dots. MYN Portable fire -altar, with AlflN crnical top, two handles, narrow waist, broad base, and three feet : border of dots. 35 JE *5 36 JE -45 (no inscr. visible). 37 M '45 [PI. XXII. 13.] * This type seems to represent a Persian fire-altar (A.tesh-gah). Cf. Perrot and Chipiez, v., 644. The grotind-plan of a similar altar occurs on a small bronze coin, which may be also Carian, described in Qat. Ion., p. 32t. T 138 CARIA. MYNDUS. 189 Metal. Size. Obverse. Faustina Senior. <{>AVCTGINAG€AC€ BACTH Head of Faus- tina r. MVNAII2N Small fire-altar, mth. semicircular or conical cover and en- circled witk wreath, placed on the top of a larger square altar, apparently also wreathed ; on either side a branch of olive ? 48 M 1*3 Sept. Severus and Julia Domna. AVK VHP APXAIIINOCT OVAIO A [I O V A l)A AOMN NT OV (obscure) and (in ex.) A C Busts face to face MVNAIIIN Apollo and Artemis of Sept. Severus r., and standing; between them, tripod, Domna 1. around which serpent coils, and beside Artemis a fire-altar. Apollo, head r., clad in long chiton and himation, holds plectrum and lyre ; Artemis, veiled, facing, clad in shorter chiton and peplos, holds in each hand a branch. [PI. XXII. 16.] AVAOV /////// VH PO Similar. CKAIOVAIA AOM N AC Similar. Obverse. Reverse. NEAPOLIS MYNDIOKUM?* BBONZE. Second or First Century b.c. Head of Apollo r., laur., hair rolled : border of dots. NE AH OAI MYN (?) on the left, KOABA Lyre; [PI. XXIII. 1.] * See Introduction. NEAP0LT3 AD HARPASDM. 141 142 OARIA. No, Metal. Size. Obverse. Reverse. Volusian. AVT K r OVIB OVO AOVCIANOC Bust of Volusianus r., laur.j wearing cuirass and palu- damentum. €HI KANAIAOY TP t A N e AHO A€ 1 m N Apollo standing L, clad in long chiton and himation, holding in r. plectrum, and with L supporting lyre, which rests on column. JK 1*15 (Countermark P *?) ORTHOSIjV. 143 No, Metal. Size. 4 1 ^ *85 Obverse. Eeverse. OUTHOSIA. BRONZE. Second Century b.c, ? Head of Zeus r., laur. OPOI15IEHN Athena standing i\, clad in long chiton and clilamys ; armed with helmet and shield, and wielding spear. in field r., helnn^t '? behind, APTEMIA IAS [PI. XXIII, 3.] First Century b.c. OPQnSlEXlN Head of APISTEAS Thy rsos filleted. Dionysos r., wearing iv}^- OHAEITOY wreath. [PI. xxiir. 4.] Imper'cd Times. (a) Without heads of Emperors. Head of Dionysos ]., wear- Pantheress standing r., with fore-paw ing ivy-wreath : border raised and head turned hack ; he- of dots. hind her, a filleted thyrsos placed transversely ; liorder of dots. [PI, XXIII. 5.J 144 CARIA. Metal. Size. Obverse. 5 /E -65 OP Of! CICHN Simi- Similar, lar type r. : border of dots. [PI. XXIII. 6.] 7 M -6 (O POXl C|€flN) (type 1.) OP on Cl enN Bust oponci €Dn Zeus clad in of Senate r., laur.^ wear* chiton and himation, standing L, ing chlamys fastened on holding thunderbolt, resting on shoulder: border of dots. sceptre : border of dots. CYNKAH TOC Youth- OPOnCI €HN Zeus clad in ful bust of the Senate r., long chiton, standing 1. ; r. hand as above, diademed : bor- extended, holding thunderbolt ; 1. der ot‘ dots. resting on sceptre : border of dots. SYNKAH TOZ Youlli- OPOH Zens clad in long chiton, ful bust of the Senate r., 211 E X2N standi*'g 1.; r. extended, laur. holding thunderbolt; 1. resting on sc6[)tre. [PI. XXIII. 7.] W) heads or names of Emperors. > Vespasian. i OYEZnAZ[IA] NOZ OP0H Zeus standing r., clad in KAIZAP .Head of Ves- Z I E jQN long chiton ; r. extended, pasian r., laur. holding thunderbolt, L resting on sceptre ? 11 ^ -7 ORTHOSIA. 145 No. Metal. Size. Obverse. M. Aurelius. AY KAI M AYAN[T OPGil Ci€nN Herakles naked, HN6INOC] Bust of standing at rest r., leaning on club, M. Aurelius r., laur., over which is lion’s skin, wearing paludamentum. 12 M 1*4 P L A E A S A. See Aphrodisias, p. 25. u 146 OARU. STEATONICBA 147 148 OARIA, STEATONTCEA. 149 No. Metal. Size. Obverse. Reverse. 13 M -5 L T P A 14 M -5 C T P A PL XXIII. 15.] Head of Hekate r., laiir., ZTPATO Torch : the whole within surmounted by crescent; border of dots. NIKEI2N shallow incuse square. 15 M *5 16 M -45 [PL XXIII. 16.] 17 M *45 - Similar. ZTPA Similar. IMOT 18 JE *4 Torch ; border of dots. ZTPATO NIKEUN Torch ; border of dots. 19 M -35 20 M -sa 21 M *35 22 ^ -35 ZT P[A] TON 150 CARIA, No, Wt, 23 52*3 24 25 26 27 28 29 Mefcul. Size. Obverse. Beverse, SILVER. After circ, b,c. 81. Drachm. Head of Zeus r,, laur. XT PA Hekate standing to front, wearing kalathos and long chiton with peplos ; she holds in r, patera, and in 1. torch ; beside her, altar : border of dots. M *75 across field, AE UN [PI. xxiii. 17.] BRONZE. Head of Zeus r., laur. : [XT PA TO] Pegasos galloping r. border of dots. NIKEI2N M '65 [PJ. XXIII. 18.] Similar. 2XPATO Forepart of Pegasos r. NIKEHN ^•55 M *4 Head of Hekate r., laur.. XTPATO Pegasos galloping r. : Tveariug kalathos ? : border of dots. N 1 KEI2N border of dots. [PI. xxiii. 19.] Head of Hekate r., laur., XTPATO Pegasos galloping 1. surmounted by crescent : border of dots. NIKEUN M *65 in field r., ^•65 „ B .^’65 » [n] 30 STRATONICEA.. 151 162 C ABiXA.* Metal. Size. M -75 M -75 ^ -86 M -8 M -7 M -7 M -65 €nic AIA 0€OZe NOV Nike advancing L, holding wreath and palm : border of dots. [€niC]AIA0€OH€N OV Bellerophon naked, standing to front, holding galloping Pegasos 1. by the bridle : border of dots. CTPATON6I K6 Simi- lar type : border of dots. CTPA TON€l K€X1N within laurel-wreath. CTPATON€IK€nN Lighted altar, garlanded, between two tall torches. CTPA TON€l K€WN type : border of dots. Similar B€A Pegasos galloping 1. : border of dots. CTPA TONI KCnN type, border of dots. Similar [PI. XXIV. 2.] ICPACVN KAHTOC INA€I ©€A PHMH Head of Bust of the Senate r.,| Roma r., turre ted : border of dots.* laur. : border of dots. Head of Zeus r,, laur. : bor- der of dots. CTPATO Artemis huntress, wear- NIKGHN ing short chiton, with quiver at shoulder, pulling down stag r. : border of dots. [PI. XXIV. 3.] CTPATO NIK €nN * For th.0 epithet Indica, so© I^itToduciion. STEATONICEA. 153 No. Mefcal. Size. Obverse. Reverse. 42 — lO o « 1 — ( CTPATONI K€f2N Zeus Panamaros (?) as bearded horseman r.^ radiate^ carr 3 dug sceptre over 1. shoulder, and hold- ing in r. patera ^ ; border of dots. S^HAAYBloY AlOMHAOYC Hekate, with in- flated veil, riding 1. on lion with radiate head and dog’s tail : border of dots.^ [PI. XXIV, 4,] 43 M -8 Iijscr, illegible. Inscr. illegible. Time of Sept. Severus and family. CTPA TO NIK€., Similar type ; in front, lighted altar : border of dots. €ni Zn, CIM O V B Hekate, with inhated veil, riding 1. on lion : border of dots. 44 M -85 AH MOC Bust of youth- ful Demos r., laur. : bor- der of dots. C TP ATOM [iK€fl]N Hekate^ with inflated veil, riding 1. on lion : border of dots. 45 M '85 (^) With heads of Emperors. Trajan. AVN€PBAN TPAIA NONCe Head of Trajan r., laur. INA€IC TPATON6 1 Nike ad vancing 1., holding wreath and palm.f 46 M -7 * B’or tbe meaning of 'PH^^ICAMGNOYj see hitrodvxtion, t Respecting INACI; see Introduction, X 154 CAEIA. Metal. Size. Obverse. Eeverse. Hadrian. AVTPAI AAPIAN [OC] Bust of Hadrian r., laur., wearing cui- rass andpaludamentum. CVNKAHTOC INAI CTPA Youthful bust of Senate r. iE -7 iE -7 (CVNKAH [///////////]) 1 Antoninus Pius. Al T AIA AAPI ANOC ANTIINI NO C Head of Antoninus Pius r., laur. ■f A APICTOAAOC ZeusPana- CTPATO (in ex.) maros(?)* as bearded horseman r., clad in short chiton ; holds in 1. long sceptre over shoulder, and in r, patera?: beneath horse’s fore-leg, lighted altar ? iR'75 (Countermark, club and lion’s skin ?) [PI. XXXT. 5.] AVTKAITAIA AAP lANOC ANTIIN €INOC Head of Antoninus Pius r., laur. CTPATON6IK €nN6niC [AIA 0€OZ€NOY (in ex.) Hekate standing 1., wearing long chiton and peplos, her head sur-, mounted by a crescent and kala-j thos ; she holds in r. patera,- and in 1. torch: at her feet, dogn looking up. 2E 1-1 STRATONICEA. 155 •STo. Metal. Size. Obverse. Beverse. Sept. Severus. 51 Ml-4: AV KAAC€* C€OVH POC TT Bust of Sept. Severus r., laur. ; wearing cuirass and paludamen- tum. €ninPYA€ ONTO CAAK [AlOY CT PATONIK € UN Zeus seated 1. on throne, holding in r. Mke, and resting with 1. on sceptre ; at his feet, eagle.* [PI. XXIV. 6.] Sept. Severus and Julia Domna. 52 M 1-5 AVKAfC ... PO lAAOMNA Busts face to face of Severus r., laur., wearing cuirass and paludamentum, and of Domna 1. (Two countermarks, oblong and circular ; in the one, ©€OV ; in the other, a head of Athena r. ) €niAA€ONTOCAC[?]NAA[P X?]CTPATONIK €HN Cultus-statue of Artemis Ephesi a wearing kalathos, fillets hanging from her hands; at her feet, two stags with h eads turned back, looking up to goddess. t [PI. XXIV. 7.J 53 JE, 1-45 AVKA VHP OC lO VA lAAOMNA (Same type and counter- marks.) Same. 54 M 1-6 AVKAICeO CIO VA IAAO[MN]A Same type and counter- marks. 6TriAA€ONTOC .... AAPX CT PATO N 1 K€X2N Hekate standing to front, head 1. ; she wears long chiton with peplos ; holds in r. patera, and in 1. torch ; on her head, crescent and kalathos ; at her feet, dog looking up. * At Strabonioea there appear to have been seven Prytaneis in office during each year, {Bull. Corr. JSell.t xii. 92.) f The late M. Waddington told me that he possessed a coin reading eni nPY acena. 156 CAEIA. No. Metal. Size. Obverse. Reverse. 55 M 1*5 AVKAICC €VHPO C A AO M N A (Same type and countermarks.) 6nnPVA€ONTOC AAKAIC [TP [AT]ONIK€ (in ex.) 12 N (in field.) Zeus Panamaros as bearded horse- man r., wearing chlamys, and with long sceptre over L shoulder ; in fronts flaming altar. 56 M 1*4 AVKAI Aovcenc €VHP Same type and counter- marks. A€ONTO C CTPATO N 1 K€I2N Hekate standing to front, head 1.; she wears long chiton with peplos, holds in r. patera, and in 1. torch j on her head, crescent and kalathos; at her feet, dog looking up. 57 M 1-5 AV HPO .. . C lOV .... AOM Same ty p e and countermark (0€OV not legible). [€nirPAIAC]ONOC TOV KA€ OROV CTPATO NIK [€n.N] (in ex.) Hekate as on pre- ceding coin.* C€ VHP l€PO KA€ [OV]C B C 58 M 1*45 Same type. (Countermark, bead of Atbena r.) TPATONIK[€flN] Nike ad- vancing 1., holding wreath and palm. * In tbe Bull. Gorr. Hell.y xii., pp. 257 sq., are several inscriptions dedicated by a Kleobnlos, son of Jason, '"^o Zens Panemerios and Hera. Tlie Gramniatens recorded on tbis coin donbtlesa belongs to the same family. It is noteworthy that the form R for the letter B occurs also on coins of Alabanda, of the time of Oaraoalla, see supT lAOCTPAT NEINOC Bust of 9 X \3 HO (infield.) Caracalla r., laur. ; wear- W N (in ex.) ing cuirass and paluda- Cultus-statue of Artemis Ephesia, mentum. wearing kalathos, fillets hanging from her hands. 62 M 63 ' M 158 CARIA, Metal. Size. Obverse. 64 M 1-4 Caracalla and Julia Domna. AY KM AAV ANTX2 lOV AOM C€R 0PATONIK€ NINOC Bust of Cara- IlN (sic) Bust of Julia Domna r. calla r., laur., wearing cui- rass and paludamentum. Caracalla and Plautilla. A....KAIMA VP[A] eniTQH TT€PTBKAAIOMVC MK[A]I©€ C€ B\A€ IOMCTPATOMIK€flkl* TTAAVTIAAN * Hekate standing to front, head 1. ; Busts face to face of she wears long chiton with peplos, young Caracalla laur., r., holds in r. patera, and in 1. torch ; on and of Plautilla 1. her head, crescent and kalathos ; at her feet, dog looking up. (Countermark, bust r.) | [PI. XXIV. 9.] Same inscr. Busts in oppo- Same inscr. Zeus Panamaros (?) as site directions. bearded horseman, r., wearing chlamys, and with sceptre over 1. shoulder ; in front, flaming altar. (Countermark, 0€OV) Caracalla and Geta. AVKMAPAVP AN TinPY ZI2CIMO YHOCITTOVB n N € I N [OC] AC€n [CTP ATO r€TAC KA I C A P N I K€HN Busts face to face of young Zeus Panamaros, as bearded horse- Caracalla 1., laur., wear- man r., as above, nos. 66, 67, &c. ; ing cuirass and paluda- in front, flaming altar. ' mentum, and of Geta r., the latter purposely obliterated. (Countermarks, head of Athena r., and 0€OV.) [PI. XXIV. 10.] * 0€*C€B*N€* “ y4ay : cf. another coin of Plautilla, strncU: at Alinda, reading TTAAYXIAAA N€A 0€A HPA Mion., iii., p. 313. The reverse legend stands for EttI rav irepl Ti^. KA, Alopiktioi/. SXRATONICEA. 159 Obverse. AV KAI MAPAVAll KAICAP Similar type, but busts in opposite directions, Caracalla r. and Geta (obliterated) 1. 69 ^1*4 (Same two countermarks.) €ni[rPA?JIACO NOCCTPA TO W I K€I2 N Hekate standing to front, head 1. ; she wears long chiton with peplos, holds in r. patera over flaming altar and in 1. torch • on her head, crescent and kalathos. AVKAIMA AV PAN €HI nPYlOYAIA AOMNOI€P TUN KAinO(?) 0KA60VCTPAT0HIK €UI/l C€H(1) Similar Same type. type, but bust of Caracalla T., bearded^ that of Geta L, obliterated. 70 -M 1*4 (Same two countermarks.) 71 M 1*5 Inscr. illegible, Similar. crriTvrxANONTO cr4>iAn [NOC]CTPATONIK[€HNJ Same type. Severus Alexander, AA€1:A NAPO C CTPATON I K€I1N Zeus Head of Severus Alexan- seated 1, on throne, wearing himation der r,, laur. over legs ; he holds in extended r. patera, and rests with 1, on sceptre. [PI. XXIV. 11.] 160 CARTA, No. Wt. Metal. Size. Obverse, Reverse. T A B A E. First Qeiitury B.c. ('?) SILVER. Attic Standard. D r a chill. Head of young Dionysos TAB H Nil N Homonoia (^), r., wearing band across KZT T A wearing long forehead and ivy- chiton and kalathos, standing L, wreath. holding patera and comucopiae.* 1 58- M -75 [PL XXV. 1.] BRONEE. Head of Zeus r., laur. TAB HN Caduceus between caps of the Dioskuri surmounted 2 M -55 by stars. [PL XXV. 2.] Head of Zeus r,, laur. Inscr. obscure. Caps of the Dioskuri surmounted by stars. 3 M *6 in field above, 0E Head of Zeus r., laur. : TABH Similar type: border border of dots. NI2N of dots. 4 M *6 infield, HA ni— AZ [PL XXV. 3.] 5 M *55 in field, HA — FI 1 6 JE *65 „ Z-H— N W N * Tbe first letter K ^1^^® unexplained reverse insoription is doubtful. Iraboof Blumer (Afo^. Gr.y p. 316) has read on another specimen, KE TTA B 1 TABAE 161 1G2 OARIA. ^ Metal. No. Wt. si,e. Obverse. Eeverse. 17 31 M *7 STLYER. Early Im'perial Times to Nero. Head of bearded Herakles APTEMflN TTATTIOY A r. : border of dots. TABHNI2N Cultus-statue of Aphrodite, facing and wearing polos, a fillet hangs from each| extended hand ; in field 1. and r., crescent and star, -j- [PI. XXV. 6.] Same die. 18 37*5 HI '75 A[P]TEMnN nA[nioY] AP^ TABHNXIN Artemis clad in j short chiton standing r., holding in r. torch, and in 1, bow : at her. shoulder, quiver. [PL XXV. 7.] (Broken Coin.) Bearded head r. (Hera- Similar, kies ?) ; border of dots. 19 37-5 HI *75 Similar. 20 39*5 HI -65 TABHNflN Zeus naked, ad- APTEMHN vancing r., hurl- □ AmoY ing thunderbolt AP with r. arm and holding eagle on extended 1, | [PL XXV. 8.] * Of. the head of Herakles on these coins with a similar head on bronze coins of Nero, struck at Heraolea Salbaoe (PI. xx., fig. 5). f Of. with this type the coins of Aphrodisias of the age of Augustus, on which the statue of Aphrodite appears precisely as on this coin. TABATS. 163 164 CAEIA. Wt. Obyerse. Ueveree. 54*3 48-3 JR *75 JR *75 TABHNI2N Head of young Dionysos r., wearing wreath of ivy : border of dots. ZEAEYKOZ Poseidon naked, BPAXYAAI standing r., his AOY left foot on prow, and resting with left arm on a trident ; behind him a dolphin. [PL XXV. 11.] BRONZE. (a) Without heads of Emperors. Time of Nero. JEi *85 M -85 7E *8 M *75 TABHNUN Head of young Dionysos r., wearing wreath of ivy ; border of dots. KAAAIKPA thzb paxya I A OY Two filleted thyrsi crossed ; the whole in linear circle. M *65 JE *65 ^ *65 (KAAAIKP[ATHZ] B.PAXYA I AOY) [PL XXV. 12.] Similar. KAAAIKPATHZ BPA Altar, garlanded, on which are the caps of the Dioskuri, and between them a dwarf column ; the whole ^ in linear circle.* [PI. XXV. 13.] * Of. an identical type on coins of Nero with Magistrate’s name KA AA I show that the Magistrate, KaXAt^fpc^T7Js BpaxvK\i^ov, held office in Nero’s reign, and that in all probability the silver coins bearing the name of SeAeu/cos BpaxvAAtSov (nos. 29, 30) belong to about the same period. TABAE. 165 No. Metal. Size. Obverse. Beverse. 38 M -5 Stag r. : border of dots. TABHN Caps of the Dioskuri. UN 39 CO TABH NHN Bust of Bacchante or young Dionysos r., wearing ivy- wreath (?) ; shoulders draped : border of dots. TABH NliN Poseidon naked^ standing 1.^ his right foot on prow, holding on his extended r., dolphin, and resting with left arm on trident placed upon a dolphin : border of dots. [PJ. XXV. 14.] 40 M 'SS 1 Time of Domitian. f AHMOCTABH Nix) N Bust of youthful Demos r., laur. : border of dots. AIAOP* l€ Capricorn r. : border of dots. 41 M -7 42 iE '75 43 M *7 [PI. XXV. 15.] TABH NHN ^ Bust of goddess r., Avearing polos : border of dots. AIAO P-l€ Altar, on which are the caps of the Dioskuri, surmounted by stars : border of dots. 44 M *65 Time of Sept, Severus and family ? 45 1 ^ •? TABH NJCIN Bust of Zeus r., laur. : border of dots. TABH NX2N Nemesis standing 1., in usual attitude,, holding bridle : border of dots. 166 OAEIA. No. Mefcal. Size. Obverse. 46 M *75 BOV AH Bust of Boule TAB H NHN Male pantheistic veiled : border of dots. divinity radiate, standing 1.^ naked, holding in r. torch, and in 1. lotus- headed sceptre, caduceus, and bow.'*' [PL XXV. 16,] 47 M *75 48 M *9 49 M -9 BOV AH Bust of Boule TABH NflN Mke advancing r., r., without veil : border carrying wreath and palm : border of dots. of dots. Time of Valerian and Gallienus. l€POC AHMOC Bust TABH NHN Tyche standing L, of youthful Demos r., wearing modius, and holding rudder laur. ; in front, B, and cornucopiae : border of dots. 50 M *8 (TAB HNUN) 51 M *85 (TAB. H NHN) 52 ^ '85 53 JE -85 54 M *95 ^ Cf. same type on coin of Geta below (no. 88), TABATS. 167 No. Metal. Size. Obvei'se. Reverse, 56 M *9 Similar ; in front, B. TAB HNflN Pan with goat’s legs dancing L, snapping the fingers of his right hand, and holding pedum in 1, [PI. XXV. 17.] 57 M ’9 Similar ; in front, TABH NUN Agonistic table, on which, urn ; beneath table, amphora; border of dots. Time of Gallienns ? 58 JE -75 Head of bearded Herakles i\, club beliind neck : border of dots. T AB HNXIN Panther L, head raised and turned back as if howling : border of dots. 59 M *75 • M -55 Head of bearded Herakles 1. : border of dots. TABH NUN Similar type.-^ [PI. XXV. 18.] Imperial Coinage. (13) With heads of Emperors. Germanicus and Drusus. 61 M *8 . . . AA€AOI (rest illegible). Heads of Ger- manicus and Drusus bare, face to face. TABH ill four lines within NflNA oak-wreath. OHNAr OPAZ 62 M -75 ^ Cf. similar reverse type on coin of Saloniuus, no. 110 (infra, p. 175.) 168 OARIA. No. Metal. Size. Obverse, 63 iE *8 Kero. ZEBAZTOZ Head of TABH Nero r., laur. NX2N Stag standing 1. ; in front, ^ (KaXA.i/c/3(x-n7s ?) 04 M -75 NEPflN r., laur. Head of Nero TABH in two lines, surmounted NUN by two stars ; the^ whole within a wreath of oak and laurel leaves, alternating. 65 iE *75 66 m -7 NE PX2N r., laur. Head of Kero TA BH Ni2N Altar garlanded, on which are the caps of the Dios- kuri, each surmounted by a star, and between them a dwarf column. [PL XXVI. 1.] 67 M -65 [NEPflN] KAIZAP Head of Nero r., laur. TABH NX2N KAAAI Similar type. 68 iE *65 M 1-05 iE 1 Domitian. AOMITIANOC KAIC AIAOP0PI OY ICPOJNOC AP C6BACTOC TABH Artemis huntress, Head of Domitian r., laur. NWN wearing short chiton, running r., holding in 1. bow, and with r. drawing arrow from quiver at her shoulder. [PL xxvi. 2.] first part of inscr. in opposite direction. TABAE. 169 No. Mefcal. Size. Obverse. Beverse. Domitia. AOMITIA CeBACTH [A1IAOPOPI O YI6PX2NOC Bust of Domitia r. TA BH NUN Nike standing r., holding wreath and palm. 71 M *75 [PI. XXVI. 3.] 72 M *75 AIA OP0PI OYI6PTABH type 1. 73 2E *75 AIA OPGPI OYI6PTABH type 1. Trajan. AYKAITPAIA NOC TABH NflN Demeter? standing APireAA Head of Trajan r., laur. to the front, clad in long chiton with apoptygraa j on her head is a kalathos ; she holds in r. a hunch of grapes and two ears of corn, and rests with 1. on sceptre. 74 M -95 75 JE -95 [PL XXVI. 4.] AY KAI TPAIAN OC TA BH NflN Two identical APirePAA Bust of figures, side by side, of Artemis Trajan r., laur. ; wearing huntress to the front, wearing short cuirass and paludamen- chiton with apoptygma, and holding turn. bow in L, and with r. drawing arrow from quiver at her shoulder. 76 M *95 77 M *9 bust undraped. i 1 [PL xwi. 5.] r/ 170 OARIA. Ko. Metal. Size. 78 M -75 79 M -8 80 M 1-4 8J M 1-5 83 M 1* Obverse. Reverse. Plotina. □ AXlTeiN C€BAC TH Bust of Plotina r., draped. T A B H NX2N Nike advancing r., holding wreath and palm. Similar. T A B H NUN Stag standing r. Antoninus Pius. AVTKAICAP ANTH NEINOC Head of Antoninus Pius 1., laur. TABH NUN Artemis and Men face to face, each wearing Phrygian cap, short chiton with apoptygma, and endromides ; Artemis r., holds bow in L, and with r. draws arrow from quiver at her shoulder ; Men L, who wears in addition a long cloak, holds patera^ and rests with 1. on sceptre. M. Aurelius, AVT KAI M AVPHAI ANTflNINOC Head of M. Aurelius r., laur. TABH NXIN Same type as pre- ceding, but altar between divinities. Paustina Junior. AVCT€INAC €BAC TH Bust of Faustina Junior r. TABH NflN Tyclie standing 1., holding rudder and oornucopiae. TABAB. 171 No. Metal. Size. Obverse. Reverse. Julia Domna. lOVAO MNAC€B Bust of Julia Domna r. TABH NjQN Tyche standing 1., holding rudder and cornucopiae. 83 ^ 1'05 (Countermark, &) 84 M *95 (TAB HNUN) 85 M '95 (lOVAIA C€BACTH) Caracalla. [AV]TOK-KAI.M- AV ANTHN6INOC Bust of young Caracalla r., laur. ; ^vearing cuirass and paludamentum. APXAPT €MI AflPoY (and in ex.) TABH NUN Artemis and Men as on no. 80. [PL XXVI. 6.] 86 M 1-45 87 M 1-15 AVTKAIMAY- AN TUNCINOC Similar. APXAPT€MI A nPOYTABHN 12 N Dionysos wearing long chiton and hiraation standing L, holding in r. bunch of grapes, and resting with L on thyrsos bound with fillet ; at his feet, panther. Geta. *AC€n r€TACK* Bust of Geta r., bare- headed ; wearing cuirass and paludamentum. TAB H NI2N Male pantheistic divinity radiate, standing L, naked, holding in r. torch, and in 1. lotus- headed sceptre, caduceus and bow. [Bank Coll.] 88 M *8 [PL xxTi. 7.] 172 CARIA. No. Metal. Size. Obverse. Ee verse. 89 ' M'S 90 M 1*45 91 M 1-4 92 M 1*35 93 ^1*45 94 JE 1-45 AVT . . . TETAC Head TAB HNHN Nike advancing r., of Geta r., bearded and bolding wreath and palm, laur. Severus Alexander. AV KMAVPC€VAA€ APX-M AVP- lOV AlOV ^ANAPOC Bust of in ex. TABHNHN Severus Alexander r., Hexastyle temple containing statue laur. ; wearing cuirass of Artemis huntress r., in usual and paludamentum. attitude. (Countermark, B) Valerian. AVKAinOAl OVAA€ €HI APXCTAIATPOK A€OVC PIANOC Bust of TABHNHN Valerian r., radiate; wear- Artemis and Men as on no. 80. ing cuirass and paluda- mentum. (Countermark, B) „ „ (eniAPXCTA lATPO KA€0- TABHNHN) VC (CniAPXONCT IA[TPOKlA€- TABHNflN) OVC Gallienus. AYKAinoAl TAAAI 6HIAPXMAPAYP AO M€CT HNOC Bust of Gal- XOVF (sfc), (in ex.) TARHNnN lienus r., radiate; wearing Artemis and M^n as on no, 80, but cuirass and paludamen- Men rests on spear instead of sceptre, turn : behind head, TABAE. 173 No, Metal. Size. Obverse. Reverse . 95 M -95 AVKAinOAl TAAAI HNO[C] Similar. 6UIAPX lACON OCCIA[B]- (in ex.) TABHNnN OY Hexastyle temple of Artemis as on no. 90. AVKAinOAl TAAAI HNOC Bust of Gal- lienus r., laur. ; wearing cuirass and paludamen- tum ; in front, ^ APX lACONOC CIAB.OVTA- BHNHN Tyche, wearing modius and holding rudder and cornucopiae, standing 1. 96 M 1’2 97 M M5 98 (AVTOKP KAI APAAAIH NOC) non Similar to 96, but BL behind head. (APXO lACONOC NI2N) T ABH 99 M 1-15 AYTOKPKAICA nOn APAAAIHNOC Bust of Gallienus r.jlaur. ; wear- ing cuirass and paluda- mentum : in front, B €ni APXIACON OCCIABOV TABHNHN Similar type. [Bank Coll.] APXIACONOC TABHNnN Dionysos naked but for himation hanging behind his back, stands to the front, head 1., holding in r. kan- tliaros, and resting with 1. on thyrsos ; at his feet, panther. 100 /E M5 AVT KAI nOAl TAA AIHNOC Bust of Gallienus r., laur, ; wear- ing cuiiass and paluda- mentum. €niAPXAOM€C TIXOYTA BHNIIN Dionysos standing 1., wealing long chiton and himation, holding in r. bunch of grapes, and resting with 1. on thyrsos ; at his feet, panther. [PI. XXVI. 8.] 174 CARIA. 101 JE 1-25 102 M 1*25 103 M 1*3 104 M *95 '105 M *95 AVKAinOAl TA[AAI H]NOC Bust of Gal- Heuus r., ]aur. ; Aveariug cuirass and paludamen- tum. (Countermark, B) €niAPXIATPOKA€ O VCTA BHNX2N Same tvpe : in field 1. C, r. T AVKAITTOAI TAAAI HNOC Bust of Gal- lienus r,, laur. ; wearing cuirass and paludamen- tum : behind, B, AYKAI norAAIH (sic). Bust of Gallienus r., laur. ; wearing cuirass and paliidameutum : in front, BL €ni APX AO M€CTIXOV TARHNUN Poseidon naked, standing 1., with r. foot on dolphin* he rests with 1. on trident, and holds on extended r. a seated female figure, resting on sceptre. [PI. XXVI. 9.] APX I A CONOC TABH NUN Pan with goat^s legs dancing 1., snap- ping the lingers of his r. hand, and holding pedum in 1, [PL XX vr. 10.] Salonina. lOYA KOPN CAAI2 NINAC Bast of Salo- nina r., Avearing stephane. (Countermark, B) lOYA KOPN CAAX2 NIN[AC] Similar. (Countermark, B) TABH N 12 N Agonistic urn containing tAvo palms ? standing on table : urn inscribed OAYMHI A 3 beneath table, TTV 0IA I I TABH NUN Tycbe standing L, wearing moilius, and holding rudder and cornucopiae. TABAE. 175 Metal. Size. Obverse. 106 JE *85 107 ^ 1*0 108 /E *05 loVAIKoP CAAXiNI TAB. NA Bust of Salo- ninar., wearing stephane: behindj NfiN Similar. Similar^ but crescent behind TAB H NI2N Similar, shoulders : behind, 109 JE -9 Similar : behind, TABH NUN Poseidon naked, standing r., his 1. foot on prow, and resting with harm on trident: behind, dolphin. Saloninus. 1110 M *7 €niAK CAAHNIN T AB HNI2N Panther h, head OC Bust of Saloninus raised and turned back as if howl- r., lanr. ing. (Cf. same type, nos. 58-60, supra.) [PI. XXVI. 11.] 176 CARIA, No. Wfc. fi-Ietal. Obverse. T E R M E K A. Civc. B.c. 500 — 480. SILVER. Persic Standard 1 Tetrobol. Herakles naked (?) kneel- Incuse square, containing lion’s head ing r. on one knee, and r., with open jaws and tongue holding in 1. hand bow, protruding, and with r. hand, be- hind his back, club, the lower end of which projects between his legs ; border of dots : style very archaic. [BorreU,] [PL XXVII. 1.] Tvmnes, Tyrant of Termera. Circ, B.c. 480 — 447. Drachm. y T VMA/ O Herakles, TEPMEPIK OV Incuse clad in lion’s skin, square, within which lion’s head kneeling r. on one 1., with open jaws, knee, holding in his raised right hand a club above his head, and in his extended left hand a strung bow ; at his waist, sword in scabbard ; the tail of the lion’s skin is twisted up beneath his belt ; border of dots. 2 [PL xxvii. 2.] [Newton.] 177 TRAPEZOPOLIS 178 CARIA. No. Meta Size I Obverse. TPAnezo noA€iT a ia no ai aapactoy UN Bust of Men r., Winged ITemesis standing 1., r. arm wearing laureate Phrygian bent at elbow, ai3d plucking chiton cap ; crescent behind at neck ; 1. hanging down holding shoulders : border of dots. bridle : border of dots. [PI. xxvn. 6.] TPAHCZOn OA6I AIA MKAA [Y AIANOY](?) TflN Bust of IDerne- Apollo naked^ standing r., holding ter r,, wearing Avreath of in L bow, and with right drawing corn : border of dots. arrow from quiver at his shoulder : border of dots. TPAnez onoA€iT II N Bust of Men .r., wearing Jaureate Phrygian cap; crescent behind shoulders : border of dots. AIANOY Tyche stand- ing 1., holding rudder and cornu- copiae : border of dots. (/B) With heads of Emperors. Augustus,. ZEBAZTOZ Head TPAH E Apollo ^ naked, of Augustus r,, laur. ; in ZOflOAEITUN standing 1.^ front, lituus. AFIOAAOAO r. hand raised TOZ to quiver at shoulder, 1. hanging doAvn holding branch. in field L, ^ [PL XXVII. 7.] 9 M -75 TRAPEZOPOLIS. 179 Metal, Size. Obverse. Reverse, ZEBAZTOZ Capricorn AN APON I K[OZ]* Bearded head L, with cornucopiae. rOPFinnoY r., helow, ■p^ Septimins Severus. AVKAI A O OV HPOC nep Bust of Sept. Severus r., laur. ; wearing cuirass and palu- daruentum. ...APX TKAAAP ACTOVAP- TP An xmnoY €z on OA IT W N Kybele standing, facing, wearing polos and long chiton, between two lions, each with forepaw on tympanum. [PI. XXVII. 8.] AV KAI A CeOVHP TPATT€ZO TTOA€IT(0- Men OC n €P Head of wearing Phrygian, cap, short chiton, Sept. Severus r,, laur. chlamys, and endroiiiides, and with crescent behind shoulders; holding in r. patera over lighted altar, and rest- ing with 1. on sceptre. Julia Domna. lOVAIAAO MNA eniAPTAAPA C TOVK€Z€- C€BACT Bust of V090 YEI Julia Domna r. T P AH € zo n Al O T n N Kybele enthroned 1., wearing polos, at her feet, lion with forepaw raised. [PI. XXYll, 9 .] lOVAIA C€BACT|TPAn€Z OnOA€l Kybele Bust of Julia Domna r. standing facing, wearing polos and long chiton ; her arms extended over ^ .75 two lions at her sides. * This magistrate’s Bame occurs on a coin of Augustus reading TPA □ EZOnoAITHN, Rev. Tbyrsos. (Mion., iii. p. 389, no, 494.) 180 OAEIA. SATEAPS OF CAEIA. ■181 Metal. Size. Obverse. MAUSOLUS, B.o. 377—353. SILVER. Rhodian Standard. Tetradrachms. Head of Apollo facing, MAY5SI1AAO Zens Stratios or lanr., with do^ving hair; Labranndos standing r., clad in chlamys fastened round chiton and himation, holding neck. double-axe (labrys) over r. shoul- der and long spear in 1., point dovTiwards. 233- M *9 2 230-4 \M *9 3 229-2 Lr 1-0 between Zeus and spear, A [Bank Coll.] [PL XXVIII, 2.] 228- Ul -95 226-2 \M -85 232’7 M -9 I in field L, wreath. [PL XXVIII. 3.] 332-5 Lr -95 in field L, >1 229*5 \M 1*0 182 CARIA, wt. Metal. Size. 56*3 M -6 55*9 M *55 56-6 M *55 64*5 JR -6 46-2 (plated) JR -6 66-6 M *55 49-5 JR *55 D r a c hm s. I Similar, [PL XXVIII. 4.] in field 1., wreath. SATEA.PS OP CAEIA. 183 No. wt. Metal. Size, Obyerse. Reverse. HIDEIEUS, B.c. 351— 34i. Rhodian Standard. T etradrachm. Head of Apollo facing, laur., with flowing hair; chlamys fastened round neck. IAPIEHZ 2eus Stratios or La- braundos standing r., clad in chiton and himation, holding double-axe (labrys) over r. shoulder and long spear in 1., point downwards. 1 232-6 M 1-0 between Zeus and spear, E [PI. XSYIII. 5.] Didrachms. Similar. Similar. 2 104-8 JR -75 between Zeus and spear, $ ? [PI. XXTIII. 6.] 3 100- JR -8 )j ) j ^ 4 96- M -7 Drachms. Similar. Similar. 5 55-7 M -55 in field 1., M [PL xxvin. 7.] 6 51*4 (plated) yR -6 Trihemiohol or Quarter Drachm, 7 11*6 JR -4 Similar. 1 — A — P — 1 between the rays of an ornamented star, as on coins of Miletus (cf. Cat. Ion., PI. xxi, 5—7), [PI. XXVIII. 8.] 184 OARIA. SJlTRAPS op CAltlA. 185 No. Wt. Metal. Size. Obv-erse. Reverse. SILVER. Rhodian Standard. Bidraclims. 5 107-8 M -75 Head of Apollo facingj laur., Avitli flowing hair; chlamys fastened round neck. riZflAAPO[Y] ZeusSbratios or Labranndos standing r., holding lahrys and spear. 6 1071 .'R -8 [PI. XXVIII. 13.] i 106’2 .R -8 8 101-7 .R -65 (Y visible in inscr.) 9 101-3 M -8 ( » » ) 10 99- M -75 ( „ „ ) Drachms. 11 56- M -6 Similar. PIHnAAPOY Siniikr. 12 54-8 JR -65 13 54-6 M -6 [PI. XXVIIT. 14.] 14 49‘6 ^R -55 (plated) Trihemiobol or Quarter Drachm. Similar, O S A A Z 1 n between the eight rays of an ornamented star. 15 11-8 M -35 [PI. XXVIII. 15.] •B B 186 OABIA. „ Metal. Size. Obverse. ISLANDS. ASTYP4LAEA BEONZB. 1 M -45 2 M ‘45 Third Ventury b.c. Head of Perseus r.^ wearing Harpa. winged helmet of Phry- gian form. 5A [PL XXIX. 1.] lA S 3 -4 A S T Y n 4 *6 Head of Apollo r., laur. Second Century b.c. laur. I A beneath which^ harpa. [PL XXIX. 2.] 5 A5 -6 Head of Perseus r., wearing AZTY winged helmet of Phry- gian form. Head of Medusa facing. 6 M -55 7 M *55 8 M -55 [PL XXIX. 3.] ASTXPALAEA. 187 No. Metal. Size. Obverse. Keverse. Head of Medusa facing. AZTY Harpa. 9 M *6 [PI. XXIX. 4.] 10 M -45 First Century b.o. Head of young Dionysos r., AZTV Veiled female head r. wreathed with ivy. TTA (Astypalaea ?) : border of dots. 11 M *65 [PI. XXIX. 5.] 12 M *7 Yeiled female head r.. AZ TY TTAA Male ? head r., (Astypalaea ?) in crested helmet. 13 M *75 [PI. XXIX. 6.] Head of Asklepios r. AZTY Staff of Asklepios with ser- TTAA pent coiled round it. 14 m -55 [PI. XXIX. 7.] Imperial, Tiberius. Head of Tiberius r., laur. AZTY[nA]AA //// nN Nike ad- vancing 1., holding wreath. 15 ^1*3 * 188 OARIA. wt. Metal. Size. Obverse. Reverse. C A L Y M N A. Bai'ly Sixth Century b.c. SILVER. Babylonic Standard. Staters. Rude archaic head of Lyre (chelys) with seven strings and bearded warrior l.^wear- tortoise-shell bowl, within an in- ing crested helmet, with cuse adapted to the form of the vizor and cheek-piece. lyre. 156- JR 1-0 (pierced.) [PI. XXIX. 8.] 162 2 JR '95 Clrc. B.c. 300—190. Rhodian Standard. Didrachms. Head of beardless warrior KAAYMNION Lyre (kithara), r., wearing close-fitting crested helmet with the whole within dotted square. vizor over forehead, chin- piece and neck- piece. 102-4 ^ *8 101*8 101-8 ^ '8 101-2 /5l -75 [PI. XXIX. 9.] CALYMN'A. 189 No. Wt. Metal. Size, Obverse. Reverse. 7 100*5 JR -75 8 99*7 M -75 9 99-6 /R *75 - Draclim. Similar. KAAY Lyre (kitliara). MNION 10 49- M *6 [PL XXIX. 10.] 11 37-5 M -56 (worn) H e m i dr a c lixa. Similar. Similar. 12 22-7 A *5 KAAY [MNION] . [PL XXIX. 11.]., BRONZE. Similar^ MY A[ A>l] Lyre (kithaiu). HX23N 13 M -8 Similar.. KAAY (in field L). Lyre (kithara). 14 ^ *65 15 M -55 ' 16 iE *55 17 iE -6 ] - 190 CABIA. No. m Obverse. Keverse, Similar, head 1. KAAY (beneath). Lyre (kithara). 18 M -5 / 19 M *5 [PI. XXIX. 12.] 20 M -6 21 m -45 22 iE *5 (varied). (KAA Y MN... around) 23 iE -5 ( ., » ) Similar, head r. KAAY (in field 1.). Lyre (kithara). 24 ^ -4 Similar. Lyre (kithara) between two branches. 25 .iE *35 26 ^ *3 Similar, head r. : border of KAAY Female head r., veiled. dots. 27 M -5 ' 28 ^ -55 [PI. XXIX. 13.] 29 iE -55 Similar. KA within wreath of laurel. 30 m -45 CALYMNA. 191 No. Metal. Obverse. Similar, head r. KAAY below wreath of laurel. 34 M '5 35 ^ -55 36 M -45 cos. 193 No. Wt. Metal. Size. Obverse. Reverse, 189-5 M -85 25* *45 24' /R -4 21*9 ^R -4 COS. Seventh Century b.o. SILVER. Acginetic Standard. Stater. Rough incuse square irregularly di- vided into six(^) triangular com- partments. Beside it, countermark, small incuse square quartered. [PI. XXX. 1.] (Cf. also Num. Ohron.y 1890, pi, ii, 16.) Diohols. Rough incUvSe square containing ir- regular markings. [Borrell.] [PI. XXX. 2.] Ohol ? -Rough incuse square. 5 10-7 rR *3 C 0 194 OAEIA. No. Wt. Metal. Size. Obverse. Reverse. After B.c. 479. Attic Standard. Tetradrachms. KOS IJlaked athlete preparing to hurl the discus ; behind him the prize tripod : border of dots. Incuse square divided diagonally ; in centre, crab : border of dots within square. 6 240'4 M *95 (The tripod stands on a basis.) ICoins of the Anc.f pi. xi, 36.] 7 252*5 M 1*0 (Wreath? border inside square in place of dots.) [PI. XXX. 3.] 8 268*2 ^ 10 (KI2S) no border visible. | (no border within square.) [PI. XXX. 4.] Late Fifth Gentw'y. Attic Standard. Tetradrachm. KfllOA^ Similar to preceding. Incuse square, within which border of dots ; in centre, crab- 9 253-3 M *95 (The tripod stands on a basis.) [PL XXX. 5,] Circ. B.c. 366—300. Khodian Standard. Tetradrachms. Head of bearded Herakles L, in lion's skin. KI2 1 0 N Incuse square, within which dotted square containing crab and club. 10 235-5 M *9 above, (N AEUN 1 AAS 1 [PI. XXX. 6.] 1 cos. 195 No. Wt. Metal. Size. Obverse. Eeverse. 11 220*7 . 1*0 KfllON, beneath, PPAHAN A I [Bank Coll.] 12 228*4 . /R 1*0 no incuse square; beneath, AAKI MAXOS [PI. XXX. 7.] 13 230* /R 1*0 no incuse square; beneath, AIUN 14 229*9 /R -9 head r. 5) J’ [PI. XXX. 8.] Didrachms. (a) Earlier style. Head of young Herahles r., wearing lion’s skin. Incuse square, within which dotted square containing crab ; above which, KIIION; and beneath, magistrate’s name and club. 15 105* M -75 APISTinN [PL 5ZX. 9.] 16 99-9 *75 APICTinN 17 96*5 M *75 APXIAAMOS Head of bearded llerakles KHION Veiled female head, 1. r., in lion’s skin. (Demeter 18 97' JR *8 behind, AP or AT [PL XXX. 10.] 19 95'6 JR *75 1 behind, l (j3) Later style. 20 104*2 JR *75 1 behind, IAIST[os] 38 M *55 • • ASIM .... (^pa(TLfX'i]Sr}^^ cf. Paton, 310). 39 iE *45 illegible, and club below. 40 M *45 j) 41 M *5 )) Giro. E.c. 300— 166. (a) Earlier, B.c. 300 — 190. Tetradrachms. Head of young Heiakles r., wearing lion’s skin. Incuse square, within which dotted square containing crab ; above which, KI2ION ; and beneath, bow in case and raagistrate’s name. 42 222*3 ^ 11 (K mo N) TIMOAY KZ [PL xxxr. 1,] Similar (later style). Km ON no incuse square, similar type. 43 231-3 jR M MoZXinN 1 [PI. XXXI. 2.] 198 OAEIA. Wfc. Obyerse. Reverse. I)id.rachms« Head of young Herakles r,j wearing lion’s skin. Incuse square, within which dotted square containing crab ; above which, KHION; and beneath, magistrate’s name and club. 98-9 M -75 AHMHTPIOC [PL XXXI. 3.] 102-2 M -8 EMPPEPriN 102-4 M -75 ZENOMBPOTOZ (no inc. sq.) snail between crab’s claws. [PL XXXI. 4.] 98* M -75 roAYAPXo[.] 101-2 M -8 CTE<|)ANOC 101-5 JR -85 1 XfllAOZ (no inc. sq.) [PL XXXI. 5.] 98-2 M -8 KAAAIZTPATOZ (no inc. sq.) 98-8 iR '8 KAEINOE ( „ ) [PL XXXI. 6.] 105-2 M -85 NIKIIN (no inc. sq.) 101-6 M -8 (Same die.) „ (different die.) 102-6 ^ -8 I AAM AS? (obscure) (snail ? in place of club under crab). 66 47-5 yR *65 Zfl§ISTPATO$ (incuse square not visible) (snail ? in place of club under crab). m CARIA. cos, 201 m. Mefcal. Size. Obverse. Reverse. Drachms. Head of bearded Herakles r., in lion^s skin. KniON Crab, beneath which club and magistrate's name: type not enclosed in square. 76 49-8 M *65 ANAEANAPO[Z] 77 49- M *65 ) J 78 47- M *6 BATII2N 79 47- M -6 AAEPTAS 80 46-5 *65 EAirPEToZ [PI. XXXI. 15.] 81 46-4 JR *65 ZAirPETOZ 82 47-4 M *6 PYOiriN 83 44* ^ -55 <|)|AINO[S] Hemidrachm. Head of young Herakles r., in lion's skin. KXllflN Club and Bow in case; between them magistrate’s name. 84 23- M -46 AlorENHZ; 'beneath, A [PI, XXXI. 16.] Trihemiobol. Similar. KHinN Similar type. 85 13- .41 -45 EKATOAIl; beneath, coiled ser- pent. D D 202 OAEIA. No. ]Moi;ELl • Size. Obverse. Reverse. BEONZB. (a) JEarlier. b.c. 300 — 190? Ilead of young Herakles 1., in lion’s skin. KIllON Crab and club with magis- trate’s name. 86 M *55 AIZXPiriN 87 M -55 ANAZAN [PI. XXXI. 11.] 88 M -6 APATOZ 89 M *55 APxenoA 90 JE '6 * [E]AAANIK0Z 91 M *6 H POAOTOZ 92 M *6 )» 93 M '55 innAPx 94 M -55 KA4>IZIO[Z]1 95 M *6 M 1 KYGoZ 96 M '6 [ZJAirPEToZ 97 M -G RAYZIMAXoZ 98 M -7 . . . Zl cos. 203 No. Mefcal, Size. Obverse. Reverse. Head of young Herakles 1., K above which, Crab. in lion’s skin. 99 M -5 100 M -45 type r. ■ Head of young Herakles r,, KD.I Incuse square, wdthin which in lion’s skin. crab and magistrate’s name. 101 M *45 AAMilN [PL XXXI. 12.] 1 102 M -45 0AYMI (no inc. sq.) (13) Later. CiVc. B.c. 190— 166 ? Head of j^oung Herakles, KniON Bow in case, and club; three - quarter face to- beneath, magistrate’s name. wards r., wearing lion’s skin. 103 M -65 APXnN [PL XXXI. 17.] 104 M *65 0EYA0T[0Z] 105 M -7 [0]EYIAinN Kill out- side inc. sq. A ? cos. 207 No. Wfc. Metal. Size. Obrerse. Keverse. (8) With KHI, Kn, or KilN and two names. Head of Asklepi’os r., 1 KHI, Kn or KflN Incuse square laur. containing coiled serpent and two magistrates* names. 132 31-1 JR *6 APHZIA 1 beneath, Kill OEY«l>AM j outside square^ A 133 31*4 /R -55 OEYAM\ beneath, KI2 AFHZIA J outside square, A 134 25-4 M -55 TIZAX 7 beneath, KXl AAKIAA3 outside square, E 135 30-6 Al -55 AAKIAAM ) beneath, Kill AEINIAZ J outside square, A 136 31*2 ^ -55 AEINIAZ7 beneath, KXl NIKOZT j outside square, ^ [PI. XXXII. 4.] 137 32* JR -55 NIKOZTP 1 beneath, KXl AEINIAZ 3 outside square, H ? 138 31-5 JR -55 APIZTOM 1 beneath, KXll AOXOZ j outside square, A 13£ 32-8 JR -6 NIKOM 1 beneath, KXIN APIZT I outside square, A 14( ) 29* M -6 EYAPA ) beneath, KXll HAIOAn . j outside square, H 14] 30* JR -65 haioah ) beneath, KXl EYAPAT j outside square, H 208 CABIA. ,, Metal. Size. Obverse. U2 32*2 \JR *6 H AIOAI2 1 beneath, Kill EY A PAT J outside square, H 143 32-8 iR, -55 H AlOA 7 beneath, Kill EYAPAT J outside square, H 144 24-4 /R -55 H AlOAil ) beneath, KI2N EYAPAT J 145 31-2 Rl -65 NIKAPXOZ7beneath, KI2N AZKAHni j 146 30-7 -56 HAPME j beneath, Kil TENOKAH j outside square, A U7 29-3 \M *55 n APME) TENOK J beneath, KH outside square, A 148 28*4 Ur -6 T IMor EYAA beneath. Kill outside square, H 149 31* Ur *6 TIMOZEN \ beneath, KHN EKATAloYj (star behind serpent.) 150 28*7 M *6 beneath head, A 151 25-1 LR*55 152 25*3 \M *55 )> Tl MOi 7 beneath. Kill EKATA 3 outside square, A (star behind serpent.) [PI. XXXII. 5.] EKATA I I beneath, Kill XEINoZj (star behind serpent.) 153 30*5 M *6 <|) IAo<|)P) MENnN j beneath, KHN outside squai'e, A 003 . 209 No. Wfc. Metal. Size. Obverse. Reverse. 154 30'4 -55 4> IAO \ beneath, Kfl' MEN UN J outside square, E? 155 29*4 JR -6 IA04> ) beneath, KH MEN UN 3 outside square, H ^ BRONZE. Head of yoimg Herakles KI2IX2N Bow in case and club, three - quarter face towardvS r., wearing and magistrate’s name, lion’s skin. 156 M -65 ATAAOZ 157 M -6 JJ 158 M *65 J) 159 M -6 AlOME 160 M -65 AloAN [PI. XXXII, 6.] 161 M *65 €YKPA 162 M *6 }J 1G3 M *65 znnAT 164 JK -65 illegible. Nos. 156 — 164 closely r esemble nos. 103 — 110 of the previons period, but they are distinctly later in style and the inscription is KninN in placo of KI2ION E E 210 CARIA, No. Wt, Mefcal. Size. Obverse. Reverse. t €irc. B.C. 00 00 1 ox p SILVER. - Eliodian (?) Standard. Triobols, Head of Apollo r., laur. / KH 1 n N Lyre (kithara) and magistrate's name. 165 20-7 M *45 APIZTAIOZ 166 19-4 M -55 APIZTAEIOZ] . 167 24*1 m*45 )) 168 19*1 M *5 [KAjAAin Diobol (P) Head of Apollo r,, laur. KI2 1 N Lyre (kithara) and magistrate's name. 169 16-5 M *55 lEPUM % [PI. XXXII, 7.] BRONZE. Head of Apollo r., laur. KfllHN Lyre (chelys) ; and magistrate’s name : the whole within laurel- wreath, 170 M *95 AAKIAAM 171 M -95 ?) cos. 211 Obverse. Beverse. EMMENI EMMEN EYKPAT [PI. XXXII. 8.] EYKPA.T EYKPA SILTER^ Drachin. Head of Asklepios r., laur. Kill Serpent-staff and magistrate’s name : the whole within laurel 1 wreath. A TH Z » AZ K [PL XXXII. 9.] BRONZE. Head of Asklepios r., laur. KXIIUN Serpent-staff and magis- trate’s name : border of dots. A r H Z I A z [PI. XXXII. 10.] APAAOZ J) 212 CARTA, No. Wfc. Obverse, ATNUN (?) AI04>AN AIOA KAEYMA NIKOMH noAYAA noAYX(w^) ZATYPOZ <|)|AINoZ XAPIAA SILVER. DracliiD, Head of Asldcpios r., Kill ON Coiled serpent r. ; laur. : border of dots. beneath, magistrate’s name : bor- der of dots. TTYOOKAHZ star behind serpent. [PI. xxxii. IL] cos. 213 Obverse. BEONZE. Head of Asldepios r., lanr. : KX1IX2N Coiled serpent r., and border of dots. magistrate's name : border of dots. 194 M -85 EYAPATOZAI 195 M -85 nYOoKAHZ [PL XXXII. 12.] Nikias, Tteant oe Cos. Cl7'c. B.c. 50 to time of Augustus, NIKIAZ Head of Nikias KfilUN Head of Asldepios r., laur. ; r., diademed : border of behind, magistrate's name : border dots. of dots. 196 M 1-25 ANTIOXOZ 197 M 1-2 EYKAPnoZ 198 M 1*2 KAAAinniAHZ XAPMYAOZ [PI. XXXII. 13.] iXAPMYAOZ Imperial Times, (a) Without heads of Emperors. Bust of Asklepios (?) 1., Insor. obscure. (KHIflN HYOO laur, : border of dots. KAHZ ?) Coiled serpent r. ; bor- I der of dots. 214 CARIA. 216 OAEIA. Mefcal. Size. Obverse. 216 ^ *55 in Head of Hippokrates Kfl IflN Serpent-staff: border of the Physician r., bearded : dots. Same die as preceding, in front, serpent-staff : border of dots. [PI, XXXIII. 7.] 217 ^ *5 218 M *55 Bust of City Tyche r., KfllXlN Kalathos containing poppy- turreted : border of dots. head and two ears of corn ; on either side, a torch : border of dots. [PI. XXXIII. 8.] 219 M *8 Lnperial, {/3) With heads and names of Emperors. Augustus. ZEBAZTOZ Head of KXllflN Head of Asklepios r., laur., Augustus r., laur. and magistrate’s name. NIK[ArOPAZ] AA 220 M *85 221 M *75 NIKArO[PAZ AA] [PL xxxm. 9.] NIK[ArOPAZ AA] 222 M *75 [NIKArO]PAZ AA 223 M *85 XAPMYAOZ B 224 M -75 ZEBAZTOX K£l\nN tus r., laur. Head of El PAN A Head of Eirenc r., laur., Angus- hair rolled : around, magistrate’s name. ZooKAHZ TIMOZENOY 225) ^ '85 cos. 217- No. Metal. Size. Obyorse. Keverse. ZEBAZTOZ Head of Augustus r., laur. KIl 1 nN Club, serpent-staff, and name. 226 M -65 Zo<|>oKAHZ 227 M -65 ») 228 M *6 ZEBAZTOS Head of Augustus r., laur. Kill XI N Serpent-staff and magis- trate’s name. 229 M *75 □Y0ON 1 KOZT 1 MOEENOY ZEBAZTOZ Head of Augustus r., laur. Kill XI N Head of ITerakles r., in lion’s skin, and magistrate’s name. 230 M *6 □Y0ONIKOZ 231 M ‘55 )) 232 JE -6 J J 233 M -6 i) 234 JE -55 )) Cains (Caligula). TAIOZ KAIZAPZE BAZTOZ TEPMANI KOZ Head of Caligula r., laur. KXl lilN Serpent coiled r., around, m onriMoz eyaamoz b 235 JE 1- [PI. XXXIII. 10.] F F 218 OABIA. No. Metal. Size. Obverse. Beverse. Domitian. €BAZT . . KIl [ l]X2N Serpent-staff. Head of Domitian r., laur. 236 M *6 Domitia, AOMITIAZEBAZTH (obscure) Bust of Do- mibia r. KHIUN Two long torches appa- rently bound with wreaths. 237 m -5 238 M -5 Trajan (1) Inscr. obscure. Head of Trajan r., laur. Kill XI N Herakles, naked, stand- ing to front, head 1., holding in out- stretched r. patera ?, and on 1. arm club and lion^s skin.. 239 M *9 > Inscr. obscure. Head of Trajan r., laur. Km ilN Club. 240 JE -7 Hadrian. KAICAPAA PIANOC OAON(1) ///////// Bust of Hadrian r., laur., wearing paluda- men turn. KX2 1 12 N Asklepios facing, head 1. , resting with r. on serpent-staff. 241 M M t cos. 21^ * No. Metal. Size. Obyerse. Eeverse, AVTOK AAPIANOC C€ B Similar. Kill UN Statue on basis of Herakles naked, to front, head r., resting on club covered with lion's skin. 242 M -85 Inscr. obscure . Head of Hadrian r., laur,. KH III N Helmeted bust of Athen a *1 1. 243 M *6 Antoninus Piua 244 M 1-2: AY KAIZAAPf AN TIININOZ Head of Antoninus Pius r., laur. Kill UN Veiled female figure standing 1., resting on sceptre and holding patera over portable lighted altar. [PI. xxsni. 11.] Similar, but C in place of Z Similar. M M5 L. Verus. AVKAOVAVP-OVH POC. C6BAC-AP M6NIAKOC Bust of L.Verus r., laur., wearing cuirass and paludamen- tum. KXllflN in ex.. Distyle temple, con- taining statues of Asklepios 1. and Hygieia r.^, with usual attributes. 246 M 1*4 Julia Domnafr 247 M ‘8 lOVAIA C€BACTH Bust of Domna r. KQI UN Veiled female figure standing h, resting on sceptre and holding patera over portable lighted altar. 220 OARIA. MEaiSTB, 221 222 OARIA. 223 No. Wt. Metal. Size. Obverse. Reverse, RHODES. C A M I R U S. OiTG. B.c. 600 — 500, ELECTRUM. Aeginetic Standard. Figdeaf. 8-1 El. -3 Twenty-fourth. Incuse square, within which a deeper small incuse depression. [PL XXXIV. 6.] (Lawson, Smyrna.) SILVER. Aeginetic Standard, Staters. Fig-leaf with sprouts in Incuse divided into two oblong com- the form y in the partments, with rough surfaces, intervals of the lobes. 189*6 ^’75 [PL XXXIV. 7.] 187' M *85 (two young figs sprouting from stalk of leaf.) [PL XXXIV. 8.] 181' JR *8 (two young figs sprouting from stalk of leaf.) 6 185* JR *8 (surfaces scored with irregular lines.) CARIA. CAMIRUS. 225 mo. vvt. Metal. Size, Obverse. Ee verse. 13 14 15 18-3 11-2 rR *4 M *35 TrihemioboL Fig-leaf. K A within incuse square divided into two oblong halves. [PI. XXXIY. 13.] Obol. Rose. KA Griffin’s head 1. : the whole in incuse square,'^ [PI. XXXIY, 14.] BROXZE. Fig leaf. K A in two quarters of a wheel of four spokes : the whole within circular incuse. [PL XXXIV. 15,] * This coin is conjectnrally attributed by Irahoof-BlnTuer [IkTov. Gr,, p, 321) to the small island of Casos, about 70 stadia W. of Carpathos (Strab., x. 18). As the types differ from those of the contemporary coins of Camirns, and as Casos seems to have been a prosperous port, as it was assessed at 1000 drachms in the Athenian tribute lists, there is something to be said in favour of M. Imhoof- Blumer’s hypothesis. On the other hand it seems very improbable that the Eose, the characteristic symbol of the island of Ehodes, should make its first appearance as a coin-type at Casos. G G 226 CABIA. No. Wfc. Metal. Obverse, I A L y s u s, Cire, B.c. 500 — 408. SILVER. Phoenician Standard. Staters. Forepart of winged boar 1. | E AVS I O Eagle's head r. within dotted square ; in r. upper corner a floral volute : whole in incuse square, [PI. 5XXV. 1.] *9 ' (type r.) KIAAV^loyV typel.) [PI. XXXV. 2.] I AAV 5 I ON IAAV5ION Eagle’s head 1. within Forepart of winged dotted square ; volute as above in boar 1. ; beneath, hel- 1. corner : whole in incuse square, met with cheek pieces: border of dots : flat fabric. [PI. XXXV. 3.] Diobols. Forepart of winged boar 1. ITo inscr. square Eagle's bead 1. in dotted whole in incuse square. .4*8 Obol. Similar. Similar. 6 lALYSUS. 227 No. Wt, Metal. Obverse, Persic Standard. Drachm. Forepart of winged boar 1. No inscr. Eagle’s bead 1. in dotted square ; volute in 1. upper corner as above : whole in incuse square. [PL xxsv. 4.] Triobol ? Similar. Similar. [PI, XXXV. 5.] Hemiobol, Forepart of winged horse A I Rose within dotted square : r, whole in incuse square. [PL XXXV. 6.] 228 CARIA. Ko. Wt. Metal, Size. Obverse. Reverse. 1 r L I N D U S. Circ, B.c. 600—500. SILVER. Plioeiiician Standard. Staters. i Lianas head r , ivith open jaws, within dotted square. Incuse divided into two oblong compartments, the surfaces oi which are scored with irregular linos. [Bank Collection.] 1 210‘3 .R -85 [PI. XXXV. 7.] 2 S13- /R -8 (tuft of hair on lion’s forehead, dotted square not seen.) (AINAI on bar dividing incuses j suifaces maculated.) [PI. XXXV. 8.] Diobols, Lion’s head r., with open jaws. Incuse square divided into two ob- long halves; surfaces irregular. 3 16-1 yR -35 [PI. XXXV. 9.] 4 15-2 M -35 5 13*7 M *35 • [hfewtoir.] LINLUS. 229 230 CARIA. No. 5 6 7 8 wt. Metal. — i Reverse. Size. Obverse. E H 0 D U S. Oirc. B.c. 408 — 400. SILVER. Attic standard,* Tetradrachm. Head of Helios three- POAION Pose; on either side, quarter face towards r., hair flying loose ; rough vine tendril and bunch of grapes symmetrically arranged : the whole work. in incuse square.. 258*8 M -95 [PI. XXXVI. 1.] He mi drachms. Similar type. [P]0AI0t (sic) Similar. 27*2 M *45 [PL XXXVI, 2.] Head of Helios three- P O Kose : incuse square. quarter face towards r., and inclined on one side as if looking over shoulder ; hair flying loose. 29*5 M -5 28-7 JR *45 [PL xxxvi. 3,] 28 '4 JR *45 1 [PL XXXVI. 4.] 28*3 ^ *5 28*3 JR *45 28*6 ^ -45 (Astragalos in place of letter 0)f * The coina of Samos of this period are also of Attic weiglit. f Cf. Imhoof-Blumer, Zeit. /. Num. 1880, p. 28, no. 9. RHODUS. 231 232 CATtlA. No. Wfc. Metal. Size. Obverse, Reverse. 13 i 229' M -95 1., bud and A j 14 233* M *95 1., ear of corn ; r., bell-shnped flower in place of bud, and A 15 228-4 Al *9 L, bud and A ; r., dolphin downwards. 16 232-5 ^ -95 [PI. XX 1., bud and X ; r., lyre (kifchura). XVI. 6.] 17 233*2 JR -9 1., bud and X; r., caduceus. 18 229-7 ^ -9 L, bud and S ; r., owl r. 19 233-6 JR -95 [PL XX 1., bud and T ; r., aplustre(?) of unusual form. XVI. 7.] 20 235* M -95 (POA ION); L, and obscure symbol ; r., bud. 21 229-7 JR -95 1., bud and ; r., Y and shell (pecten). 22 236-6 JR 1- L, bud and <|> ; r., grain of corn, 23 233-6 JR -95 (POA ION); L, grain of corn and <|) r., bud. 21 229-8 M -95 1., bud and <|> ; r., kylix. 25 235-8 JR -95 1., bud and <|>; Boeotian shield. SHODUS. 233 No* Wt. Metal* Size* Obverse. Reverse. 26 104-6 ^ -76 27 105-6 M -8 28 106-2 ^ -7 29 103-5 ^ -7 30 100-5 ^ -76 31 104-4 ^-75 32 102-7 M -7 % 33 103-9 JR -7 I 34 104*8 M *7 35 99*8 M *8 36 103*3 M *75 37 100*9 M *75 Didrachms. Head of Helios three- POAION Rose with bud; in quarter face towards r.^ field, varying symbol and letter : hair loose, whole in incuse square. L, thunderbolt and A ; r.^ bud. (incuse square not apparent.) bunch of grapes and E ; r., bud. [PI. XXXVI. 8.] I Similar, jj „ (incuse circular.) L, grapes hanging from stalk attached to rose, and E ; r., bud ; (incuse not apparent). Similar (?) ( ,, ). Similar, but E in fif*ld r. E Y L, grapes; r., bud; (incuse not apparent). [PI, XXXVI. 9.] 1., grapes and EY ; r., bud (incuse not apparent). [PL XXXVI. 10.] E Y I, grapes hanging from stalk attached to rose ; r., bud ; (incuse not apparent). L, bee and N I ; r., bud ; (incuse not apparent), H H 234 OARU. RHODirS. 235 236 OARIA. 56 57 58 69 60 61 62 wt. Metal. Size. Obrerse, Reverse. Draclims.* Head of Helios unradiate, three-quarter face to- wards r,, hair loose. [PO]AIO[N] Rose with bud on r. side, and on 1. symbol and letter. 51*6 M *66 star and A 51* M -56 [PI. xxxvii. 4.] Head of Helios three- P O Rose with bud on r. side, quarter face towards r., hair loose. varying symbol on 1., and magis- trate’s name above. 40-9 M *5 name illegible. Trident. 49*7 M '56 EPASIK[AH ] helmet. [PI. xxxvii. 5.] 47*3 M -6 ) 78 JE *45 „ (on r., bud on 1.) 79 u® -45 ear of corn. 80 *45 81 M *45 7i 82 ^ *45 thunderbolt. [PL XXXVII. ll.] 83 M -45 thunderbolt. 84 ' ^ *45 1 }) 85 M -45 ivy-leaf. [PL XXXVII. 12.] 86 iE *45 dolphin. 87 M -45 88 *45 trident. 89 *45 jj EH0DU3. 239 240 OARIA. No. Wt. M *35 no symbol visible. M [PI. XXXVII. 14.] IM [The average weight of these bronze coins is about 28 grains.] Circ, B.c. 304 — 166. Tetradrachms. Head of Helios radiate, IP o (in field) Hose 'with bud on three-quarter face to- r., varying symbol on 1., and wards r, magistrate's name above : border of dots. AETII2N; symbol, vase (skyphos). BHODUS. 241 No. wt. Metal. Size, Obverse. Ueverse. Similar. POAION (above) ; magistrate’s name in field. 119 207*5 /firo5 AKE5IS; symbol, dolphin. & 120 208* M *9 AMEIN IAS; symbol, prow, r. [PL xxsviii. 1.] 121 206*4 JR *95 A M E 1 N 1 AS ; symbol, prow, r. 122 206*7 APISTOK PITOS; symbol, aplustre. Similar. P O (in field), magistrate’s name above. 123 198*1 JR -95 API5TOKPITOS ; symbol, aplustre. Similar. POAION (above) ; magistrate’s name in field. 134 205-7 JRI- EYKPA TH5 ; symbol, thunder- bolt. Similar. POAI ON (in field) ; magistrate’s name above. 125 204*8 ^1*05 (Countermark, bull’s head facing,)* EYK PATHS ; symbol, thunder- bolt. 1 t ! 9 [PI. XXXVIII. 2.] ' 1 * This Bull’s head oountermark may have been placed on the coin at Cnidus. Cf. Bull’s head as a coin-type on Onidian hronze coins of this period. (PI. xv. 19.) I I 242 OAEIA, HHODUS. 243 Similar, Similar. Similar. Similar. Obverse, Reverse. POAION (above); magistrate’s name in field, A MEIN IA5 ; symb., aplustre. P O (in field) ; magistrate’s name above. ANAZANAPOZ; symbol, oval sliield. APIZTAKOZ; symb.cultus-statne of Aphrodite 1 to front, (cf , no. 128.) [PI . xsxviii. 6.] APISTOBOYAO^ ; symb., ear of corn. APISTOKPITOS; symb., aplustre. EPA5I KAHS ; symbol, helmet, (cf. no. 47, didrachm with same name and symbol, but with un- radiate head.) [PI, zxxviii. 7.] I EPA^IKAHS ; symb., helmet. POAION (above); magistrate’s name in field. EYKPA THS;symb., anchor. P o (in field) ; magistrate’s name above. OAPSYTAS ; symb., eagle with raised wing r. on wreath. 244 CARIA. BHODUS. 245 Wt, Metal. Size. Obverse. Reverse. 40-4 M *65 (head towards 1.) AINHTX2P caduceus. [PI. XZXIX. 1.] 39-2 ^•65 (head towards 1. Counter- mark uncertain object.) AINHTUP 37*5 M -55 (head towards 1.) n )) 35*6 M *6 ( » ) )) )J 35*5 JR *6 (head towards 1, Counter- mark K-Y, and lyre.)* )) J) 27*9 JR *6 (head towards 1.) JJ 38*5 M *6 ( u ) ^ caduceus and 39*4 JR *55 AMEINIAZ trident. 40'2 M *55 A P 1 ZT A KOZ caduceus. 38* M *65 roProZ how in case. 40*2 JR *6 5) JJ 43-6 JR *6 5J J) • [PI. XXXIX. 2.] 40*3 M *55 roProZ how in case. 42*2 JR *6 36*2 M *65 roproY * This oountermark was evidently placed upon the coin at Cyaneae in Lyoia after b.c. 168. 246 CARIA, No. wt. Metal. Size, Obverse. 170 27- 1 M *6 (head towards 1.) 171 39- M -6 172 39*2 : M *6 173 37-8 M *6 174 36* M -55 175 407 M -55 :i76 40*6 .<51 -6 177' 42*0 M -66 (head towards 1.) 178 40-3 JR *6 (head towards 1.) 179 33*5 JR -6 180 377 M *65 181 42*3 JR *6 182 427 JR *6 183 41* A '65 Reverse. roProZ butterfly. ,, caduceus.. ,, (caduceus on r., and tendril ? on 1.) AAMOKPITOZ ^onl. AlOKAHZ no symbol ; tendril on both sides. EYKPATHZ tripod. n 3) KAAAIZOENHZ club. [PI. XXXIX. 3.] [AY]ZX2N 1 bee 1 or shell 1 MoYZAioZ caduceus on r., tendril on 1. ,, caduceus on r., B and tendril on 1. HEIZIKPATHZ Athena r., armed with shield^ and wielding spear. [PI. XXXIX. 4.] ZT AZtflN club and bow crossed. 35 33 EHODUS. ■247 248 CAEIA, M Wi. Metal. Wt. Obverse. 198 38*6 M *65 Drachms without name of Rhodes, Head of Helios unradiate, three-quarter face to- ku Rose with hud on r. wards 1, * in field r. ^ ahove^ BABHN [PI. XXXIX, 8.] [Struck at Miletus. Of. Hunter Oat., p. 203, no, 1, and Inihoof, Mon. Qr.j p. 323,] Similar, 199 39*3 JR *55 Rose with bud on r. above, AHMOKAHZ on L, dolphin. 200 30-8 JR *55 (bLead facing.) 201 38*8 JR *05 Rose with bud on 1. above, AloKAHZ on r. H beneath, winged thunderbolt. [PI. XXXIX. 9.] [Of. tbe specimen published by Imhoof-Blumer in Num. Zeit. iii., pi. X. 27, on which he reads A — K which he attributes to the Oarian town of Lepsimaudus, There is no trace of the letter /\ on the B.M. specimen,] 202 36*2 HI *6 (head towards r.) above, [EJYBIOZ on r., dolphin and A 203 31*3 HI *6 (head towards r.) Conn- above, lAZIlN termark lion r., with on r., caduceus. head turned back in incuse square. [PI. XXXIX. 10.] 204 38*7 HI *6 (head towards l.V bud on either side of rose. above, KAAAinnoz Ion L, prow. BHODUS. 249 No. Wt. Metal. Size. Obverse. 205 31*9 JR -65 (head towards 1.) Coun- similar, but KAAAIFIOZ ter mark, head of Helios r.j radiate. 206 40*5 HI *65 (head towards 1.) above, KHISoAn[PoZ] on 1., bucranium. 207 42*1 HI *6 (head towards r.) 208 41* HI *6 'head towards r.) on r., two buds, above, ZTAZIflCN] on 1., bunch of grapes. [PI , XXXIX* 1 1 (head towards r.) above, ZTPATI2N on 1., uncertain symbol, on r., bud. 209 33*5 HI *7 ( above, ZTPATflN dolphin on either side, border of dots. 210 33*4 HI *6 211 29* \JR *6 Drachms without name of Rhodes and with various letters in the field. Head of Helios unradiate, Eose. facing, and with right cheek covered by an eagle r. no letters, branch and bud on r. [PI. xxxix. 12.] A Y(1) A A 212 25*9 \JR *55 0 A branch and bud on both H A sides. 213 38* HI *65 214 28*5 HI *5 n A E A n A ^ A K K 250 OARIA. Metal. Size. Obverse 215 34’5 M *65 n A brancli and bud on r, A € 216 30-2 M -6 217 39*1 \M *5 n E torch on r. W A [PI. XXXIX. 13,] M E wreath ? I 218 27*2 Y — TT branch on each side. M I [PI. XXXIX. 14.] BRONZE. Head of Zeus r., laur. : P O Eose with bud on r. border of dots. M *75 in field 1., <|>| [PI. XXXIX. 15.] M *75 I in field 1., » 237 43-5 M *55 AFEMAXOZ symbol, aplustre. 238 48*1 M *56 ATHZIAAMOZ „ helmet. 239 41-7 ^ -56 » J) * Mr. Lawson has also a Wt. 26 grs. specimen with the name AAMAZ. BHODXTS. 253 No. wt. Metal. Size. 1 M *6 241 45-3 M *6 242 48-5 M -65 243 48*3 JR *65 244 38*4 JR -6 245 46-6 JR *55 246 47- JR *55 247 46- JR *6 248 46- JR *6 249 46* M *55 250 46-3 JR *6 251 42-7 M -65 252 40-5 M -7 263 44-2 M -55 254 43-4 \m -6 Obverse. Reverse, AETIflN symbol, grapes. AOANoAnPOZ „ wing. )) 5J 3) AINHTXIP „ spear-head. ,, race-torch. ANAZANAPOZ „ butterfly. ANAZIAIKO[Z] „ fisb-book. ANAEIAOTOZ ,, serpent twined round ompbalos. [PI. XL. 1.] ANAEIAoToZ symbol, serpent twined round ompbalos. [PI. XL. 2.] ANTITENHZ symbol, prow. APIZTOBOYAOZ „ club. APTEMHN 53 shield. 33 symbol, ivy-wreath. Isis. [PL XL. 3.] 35 33 head-dress of APTEMXIN dress of Isis, symbol, head- 254 CAItlA. RHODirS. 255 No. Wfc. Metal . Size. 268 39-7 . M -55 269 37'5 M *6 270 31-2 M -6 271 29- M -65 272 39-3 M -6 273 40-8 M -65 274 36-5 M *6 275 34-5 M *6 276 32-3 M -55 277 32-4 JR -6 278 33-7 JR *55 .279 37-1 M *65 00 ) 39-8 M -6 281 1 46* JR -6 M AHS symbol (on r.), head-dress of Isis. )) 1 ) 7 ) J7 )) M H NOAflPO[Z] symbol (on r.), star. M N H M 12 N symbol, cornucopiae. N EI2N symbol (on r.), cornucopiae. NIKAroPAZ no symbol. )) NIKH4>OpOZ symbol, hand hold- ing ear of corn. )) 7J JJ [PI. XL. 8.] NIKH<^0P0Z symbol, hand hold- ing ear of corn. ;ENoKPATHZ symbol, lyre (chelys). symbol, ram*s head r., and caduceus. 256 CARU,. No. Wt. Metal. Size. Obverse. Reverse., 2821 44 * 4 : *55 nEIZIZTPAToZ symbol, thyrsos. [Bank Coll.] 283 34-2 M '66 HEPITAZ symbol (on r.), coiled serpent. 284 44-0 M -6 ZTAZIflN )) serpent twined round omphalos, surmounted by star ? 285 44*6 M *6 286 44*6 M *6 IZTAZIflN symbol, star. [PI. XL. 9.] IZJQZANAP[0Z] „ butterfly. 287 37-2 ^ -65 -6 51 -6 290 45- UB ’6 TIM0ZTPAT[0Z] symbol, un- certain. [PI. XL. 10.] 4) I AO K PATH Z symbol, bucra- nium. [PI. XL. 11.] 4>l AflN symbol (on r,), ear of corn. Illegible; ,, human head r. 292 M *5 JR *5 Hemidrachms (Triobols). : Head of Helios radiate, Shallow incuse square, containing three-quarter face to- P O Hose with budding branch wards r. on r. and varying symbol on L; above, magistrate’s name. .ANAEIAoTOZ symbol, omT phalos surmounted by star. [PI. XL. 12.] ANTAIOZ symbol (on r.), half; radiate disk. RHODUS, 257 258 OAHIA. No. Wt. Metal. Size, Obverse. Reverse. 306 19- JR *5 OPAZYMEN[HZ] symbol, thun- derbolt. 307 21* JR *55 MHNOAfiPO[Z] symbol (on r.) star. [PL XL. 15.] 308 20*2 M '5 M H NOAI2PO[Z] symbol (on r.) star. Quarter Drachms (Trihemiobols). Head of Helios r., radiate. P O Rose with budding branch on 1. and varying symbol on r. : border of dots. 309 12*7 JR *45 symbol, star. 310 11*1 M *4 j) 311 12*7 JR -45 j, ear of corn. [PI. XL. 16.] BRONZE. Head of Helios r., radiate. P O Rose with budding branch or branches, varying symbol on each side : border of dots. 312 Ml-l on 1., fish-hook; on r., dolphin and trident. [PI. XL. 17.] 313 M 1*1 ' on L, fish-hook *, on r,, dolphin and trident. 314 M 1- on 1., fish-hook; on r., sword in sheath. 315 ^1*05 )> j) >> » BHODTJS. 259 260 CAIIIA. BHODTJS. 261 No. wt. Metal. Size. Obverse. Reverse. 336 53-8 ^broken) M *8 IAZX2N symb., wreath and cornu- copiae. 337 62* M *75 KPITOKAHZ symb., ear of corn. 338 63- m -75 339 64-2 JR *8 AEflNIAAZ symbol, three stars (without P O) 340 61-7 JR -8 NIKO<|)f2N symbol, owl. 341 66-7 JR -8 TIMOZENOZ symbol, oenochoe and tripod. (POAI in place of P O) BRONZE. Head of Helios, facing. radiate, P O Full-blown rose to front, within an oak-wreath; above or below, magistrate's name. 342 M 1-4 ZHNHN (aLove). [PL XLI. 3.] 343 M 1'4 X HUnH (beneath). 344 M 1-25 znz [O E] N H [Z] (beneath) . 34£ ') 7E1-4 ZAI PoZ (beneath). Star between syllables. [PI. XLI. 4.] 262 CARIA* Metal. 31.9 ^ 350 M *85 Obverse. Eead of Helios r., radiate. P O Eull-blown rose to front; aroundj magistrate’s name: border of dots. EHITVXHZ symbol, caduceus. [PI. XLb 5.] lEniTVXHZ symbol, caduceus. ZATVPOZ symbol, caduceus ? 351 M *75 Z4^AIPOZ symb., winged caduceus. 352 M *7 353 M -75 354 M -75 355 M *7 ZnZGENHZ without P O? or symbol. i 356 M *75 357 3581 M *7 Head of Helios r., radiate: POAIWN Pull-blown rose to front; border of dots. beneath, symbol : border of dots, symbol, club. „ dolphin and branch. [PL XLI. 6.] RHODITS. 263 Metal. Size, Obverse. 359 M *7 symbol, term. 360 JE -7 361 M -7 „ palm and dolpbiii. POA ICON Bust of POAICON Full-blown rose to front : Helios'? r,,radiate('?) border border of dots, of dots. 362 M *5 363 M *55 [PI. XLI. 7.] Early Imperial Times. Giro. n.c. 43 — a.d. 96. LARGE bronze COINS. Plead of Dionysos, wearing Hike, bolding wreath (or sometimes ivy wreath, often radiate : aj)lustre) and palm, standing on prow, border of dots. rose, globe, or basis ; in field, PO AIHN and magistrate’s name : border of dots. 364 M 1*45 (head 1., radiate.) (Hike on rose) EH I NOY ANTI POA rO IHN 365 -ZE 1‘4 (head r., radiate.) (Hike on prow) Eni ANTinA[TPOY]1 366 .^1*4 (head 1,, unradiate.) AN TIHA TPOY 2G4 OARIA. No. Metal. Size. Obverse. Reverse. 367 M 1-3 (head 1., unradiate.) (Nike on basis.) PO Al ANTI nN HA Eni TPOY 368 M 1'45 (head 1., unradiate.) (Nike on [^].) inscr. as on last. 369 M 1’3 (head r., unradiate.) (Nike 1. on rose f) POAI ilN €ni AHOAA XINIOY 370 M 1-4 (head r., radiate.) (Nike on prow ?) POAIX2N AAMA EHI PA TA 371 M 1-35 (head 1., radiate.) (Nike on prow, PoAlilN ETTI holds aplustre.) A A MAPA TOY 372 iE 1*4 (head L, radiate.) (Nike on prow, PoAl holds aplustre.) A A HNEUI MAPA TOY 373 M 1-35 (head 1., radiate.) (Nike on prow, POAIXI EHI holds aplustre.) N AA AAP[A] [PL XLII. 1.] T[oY] 374 M 1-5 (head 1., unradiate.) (Nike on globe, €TTI € Y AW PoY with rose in front.) PoAIWN [PI. XLII. 2.] 375 M 1*45 (head r.. radiate.) (Nike on rose.) PoAl I2N ETTI TAMIA [CAPA] TOY RHODirS. 265 Metal. Size. Obverse. Reverse. 376 ^1*4 (Read r., radiate.) 377 iE 1‘4 (Read r., iinradiate.) (iSTike without support, holds aplustre.) support, PO 5.) Al TEIMoCTPAToY I TAM I A TEI MoETPATO> [PL XLII. 3.] no Llike, rose ; above, POAIUN TA MIA TEI MO ETP ATOY [PL XLII. 4.] 378 M 1'35 (head r., radiate.) (Nike 1. on prow, POAI holds aplustre ^) flN AIN[I] Eni AA 379 JE 1‘35 (head 1., nnradiate.) (Nike 1. on prow *?) POAI HN EH I AINI [A A] [PL XLII. 5.] 380 1'4 (head 1., unradiate.) (Nikel. on ? , POAI 12 N double-struck.) ETTI AINI AA 381 M 1*4 (head r., uuradiate.) (Nike 1. on prow, POAI EH I with rose in front.) 12 N XAPEI NOY 382 M -7 SMALLER BRONZE COINS. Head of Dionysos L, wearing POAIW N Eose. ivy-wreath and radiate. [PL XLII. 6.] 383 iE'55 Bust of Dionysos 1., wearing P O A I CO N ivy- wreath ; at shoulder, thyrsos : border of dots. Eose : border of dots. 384 M *55 bust r [PI, XLII, 7.] 266 CABIA. RHODUS. 267 No. Metal. Size. Obverse. Reverse, Bronze Didrachms. 394 iS 1*4 poAioivnePTfiNce BA CTXIN Head of Helios r.j radiate; chlamys round neck : border of dots. Hike, with wreath and palm, advancing L, to crown a trophy which stands upon a pile of shields : between figures, Al APAXM : border of dots. ON [PL XLIII, 1.] 395 M 1*35 (POAIOI vn€P TUN C€ BAG TUN) (A lAPAX MON) 396 M 1*35 ( » ) 397 M 1*35 ( » ) (AIAPA XMoN) 398 M 1-4 (POAIOI YH€P TliN C6B ACTION) (A lAPAXM O N) (The average wt, of these 5 specimens is 317 grs ) 399 M 1*3 Head of Helios r., radiate : border of dots. PoAlfiN Nemesis^ standing AIAPAXMON to front between two thymiateria, and beneath a canopy supported on either side by flying Hike : border of dots. Wt. 273 grs. [PL XLIII. 2.] Bust of Helios r., radiate : border of dots. PoAl flN Similar type. ■ M *65 [PL XLin. 3.] 401 M *6 (canopy and supporters not visible.) [PL XLIII, 4.] 268 CABIA. RHODUS. 269 270 OARIA. Trajan. AYTOKPATOPAKAI POAIUN Dionysos, wearing hima- CAPA[N€P OYAN [AjIAPA tiorij standing L, caressing TPAIAN] Head r., [XjMON with r. a pantheress, and laur., of Trajan. resting with 1. on thyrsos. [PL xLiir. 8.] (The average weight of these three last didrachms is 263 grs.) Antoninus Pius. ANTX2NINOC KAI POAI X2N CAP Head of Antoni- radiate, nus Pius r., laur. Head of Helios r., M. Aurelius. BHP OC Head of young POA IXIN Head of young Dionysos M. Aurelius r., hare. r., wearing ivy-wreath. Commodus, POA IWN Bust of POA ICON Bust of Helios r., radiate, Commodus r.j bearded, chlamys over shoulders, radiate, in cuirass and pal udamen turn. [PL xLiii. 9.] APPENDIX. No. Wt. Metal Size, Obverse. lA 252* \JR 6a 53- Alabaxda. Tetradrachms. Before b.c. 197 ? Head of Apollo L, laur.:| AAAR AN AEHN Pegasos r.. border of dots. beneath quiver with strap and magistrate's name, AHMHTP loz (Montagu Sale. PI. vHi. 594.) Under name of AntiocMa^ B.o. 197 — 189 ? Head of Apollo 1., lanr. : ANTIOX€[riN] Pegasos 1., be- border of dots. neath ^ (Montagu Sale. Lot 595.) Plarasa and Aphrodisias. First Century b.c. Augusii) 1 Drachms. Bust of Aphrodite veiled [TTAAPA]XEnN KAI A[4>PO r., as on p. 26^ no, 6. AEIZIEIIN] Eagle 1., on thunderbolt, as on p. 26, no. 6. [A] no ME AAO NAN AO AP TO OY 8a 51 XPY XPY zin zin noz noY (outer inscr. almost off the flan.) 54'6 AP MI2N APTE MIAn PoZ ZH NUN 272 CAHIA. — tAPPENDIX. XTT, Metal. Wt. g;^g_ Cnidus. Tetradraclinis. Circ, B.c. 390—300. Headof AplirodifceEuploia KNI Forepart of Lion r. 1., wearing earring and necklace ; hair gathered up and tied at back of head, ends loose : 28a 225*5 JR *95 behind, prow^ 1. above, [K]AAAIPflN (Montagu Sale. PI. viii. 599.) Circ. B.C, 300 — 190. Head of Aphrodite i\, KNI Forepart of lion r. wearing stephane, ear- ring and necklace ; be- hind, helmet ; border 39a 227*5 HI 1* of dots. above, [OEJYMEAflN (Montagu Sale. PI, Yiii. 600.) [PL XLV. 7.] * 41a 219*5 Hll-05 i Cos. Tetradrachm. Circ. B.c. 300. Head of young Herakles Incuse square, within which dotted r., wearing lion’s skin. square containing crab ; above which K HIO N and beneath, bow in case and magistrate’s name rNflSIAIKoZ (Montagu Sale. Lot 611.) 230 65*6 M Ehodes. Circ. B.c. 189—166- GOLD. Half - Stater. Head of Helios, radiate, Shallow incuse square containing three-quarter face to- P O Kose ; above magistrate’s wards r. name ANTAIOZ, symbol in •05 field r., winged caduceus. (Montagu Sale. PI. viii, 620.) * This specimen, though included on PI. xlv. no. 7, among the coins not in the British Museum, has since been purchased at the Montagu Sale. INDEXES. I. Geographical. II. Types. III. Symbols and Countermarks, lY, A, Kings and Eulers. lY. B. Magistrates* Karnes on Autonomous Coins. lY. 0. Magistrates* Karnes on Imperial Coins. Y. Eoman Magistrates* Karnes. YI. Engravers* Karnes. YII. Eem ark able Inscriptions. IND EX I. GEOGRAPHICAL. The numbers in this and the following Indexes refer to the in the Catalogue. A. Alabanda (Antiochia), 1, 271. Alabanda, 2, 271. Alinda, 10. Amyzon, 13. Antiochia (Alabanda), 1, 27l, Antiochia ad Maeandrum, 14. Aphrodisias and Plarasa, 25 ^ 271, Aphrodisias, 28. Aphrodisias and Ephesus, 53. Aphrodisias and Antiochia, 53. Apollonia Salbace, 54. Astypalaea, 186. Astyra, 59. Attuda, 62. B. Birgasa, 70. Bargylia^ 71. C. Oalymna, 188. Camirus, 223. Carpathos, 192. Caunus, 74. Ceramus, 77. Chalcetorl 79. Chersonesus Cnidia, 80. Cidramus, 81. Cnidus, 84, 272. Cos, 103, 272. E. Euippe, 98. Euromus, 99. G. Gordiuteichos, 101. H. Halicarnassus, 102. Halicarnassus and Samos, 112. Halicarnassus and Cos, 112. Ilarpasa, 113. I Ileraclea Salbace, IIG. 276 INDEX I. Hydisus, 122. Hyllarima, 123. I. lalysus, 226. lasus, 124. Idyma, 127. L. Lindus, 228. M. Megiste, 221. Mylasa, 128. Myndus, 134. N. Neapolis Myndiorum ? 140. ITeapolis ad Harpasum, 141. Msyros, 222. 0. Orthosia, 143. P. Plarasa and Aphrodisias, 25, 271. Posidium Carpathi, 192. E. Ehodus, 223, 230, 272. S. Sebastopolis, 146. Stratonicea, 147, T. Tabae, 1 60, Termera, 176. Trapezopolis, 177. INDEX II. TYPES. A. AdoniSj Birth of. — Aphrodisias, 31. Adonis charging at wild boar. — Aphrodisias, 50. Agonistic Table. — Aphrodisias, 37, 38, 47, 50, 51 ; Tabae, 167. Agonistic Urn. — Tabae, i74, Alektrona, Head of, — Bhodus, 266. Alexander the Great, Head of, — Caunus, 75. Altar. — Antiochia, 18. Altar, on which, Eagle. — Antiochia, 24. Altar, lighted, between bunches of grapes. — Cnidus, 97. Altar, lighted, garlanded. — Strato- nicea, 152. Altar of the Dioskuri. — Tabae, 164, 165, 168. Amazon (or Sabaziosi) on horseback. — Apollonia Salbace, 54. Amphora. — Astyro., 59, 60, 61, Amphora and grapes. — Astyra, 60, Antiochia, City of, seated, turreted. — Antiochia, 18. Aphrodisias and Antiochia, Demoi of. — Aphrodisias and Antiochia in alliance, 53. Aphrodisias and Ephesos seated face to face. — Aphrodisias and Ephesus in alliance, 53. Aphrodite, Head of. — Aphrodisias, 40 ; Plarasa and Aphrodisias, 26, 27, 28, 271 ; Astyra, 61 ; Cnidus, 84 — 87, 89 — 91, 272. Aphrodite 1 Head of, veiled. — Tabae, 161. A^ hrodite of Praxiteles, Head of. — Cnidus, 96, 97. Aphrodite of Praxiteles and Askle- pios, — Cnidus, 97. Aphrodite, seated, Erotes playing around her. — Aphrodisias, 46. Aphrodite standing, carrying infant Eros and sceptre. — Aphrodisias, 30, 42. Aphrodite standing, holding mirror 1 around her, Erotes. — Aphro- disias, 82. Aphrodite standing, r. arm extended, holds mirror in 1. hand. — Hera- clea Salbace, 121. 278 INDEX IT. Aphrodite standing, embracing Ares. — Aphrodisias, 43. Aphrodite, Eros extracting thorn from foot of. — Aphrodisias, 31. Aphrodite^ Cultus-statne of. — Aph- rodisias, 28, 31, 39 — 41 ; Ci- dramus, 81,82; Gordinteichos, 101 ; Tabae, 162. Aphrodite, Cultus-statue of, saluted by hi. Aurelius and L. Yerus. — Aphrodisias, 41. Aphrodite, Cultus-statue of, between seated Priestess and altar. — Aphrodisias, 42 — 44, 51. Aphrodite, Cultus-statue of, with Priestess and altar, between two Erotes on cippi, pointing torches towards head of god- dess. — Aphrodisias, 46. Aphrodite, Cultus-statue of, between two geese. — Aphrodi&ias, 44. Aphrodite Eleutheria, standing, holding apple and sceptre. — Aphrodisias, 30, 31 ; holding patera and sceptre. — Aphro- disias, 30, 31. Aphrodite Euploia, Head of. — Cnidus, 87, 88, 272. Apollo, Head of. — Alabanda-An- tiochia, 1, 2, 271 ; Alabanda, 2 — 4, 271 ; Antiochia, 14, 15; Apollonia-Salbace, 54; Caunus, 76 ; Cnidus, 93, 95, 107 ; Halicarnassus, 104, 107 — 109 ; lasus, 124, 125; Myndus, 136 — 138 ; Neapolis Myn- diorum, 140; Astypalaea, 186; Cos, 210, 211. Apollo, Head of, facing. — Halicar- nassus, 102 ; Mausolus, 181, 182 ; Hidrieus, 183 ; Pixo- darus, 184, 185. Apollo, Bust of, with lyre. — Ala- banda, 5. Apollo standing. — Neapolis ad Har- pasum, 142. Apollo, naked, standing holding branch and bow. — Attuda, 63, Apollo, standing, holding arrow. — lasus, 126, Apollo standing, holding bow, and drawing arrow from quiver. — Trapezopolis, 178. Apollo standing, quiver at shoulder, and holding branch, — Trape- zopolis, 178. Apollo standing, holding raven and laurel-branch. — Alabanda, 7. Apollo, draped, standing to front, holding raven and laurel-branch. — Apollonia Salbace, 56 ; hold- ing uncertain object and resting on lyre. — Apollonia Salbace, 57. Apollo standing, resting on column and holding uncertain object. — Attuda, 62. Apollo naked, standing, holding branch and resting on column. — Attuda, 64. Apollo Kitharoedos. — Alinda, 12 ; Apollonia Salbace, 58 ; Har- pasa, 113. Apollo Kitharoedos and Asklepios. — Halicarnassus and Cos in alliance, 112. Apollo and Artemis ? standing face to face. — Apollonia Salbace, 55. Apollo and Artemis with tripod and serpent between them, and fire-altar beside Artemis. — Myndus, 139. Apollonia, City, Bust of. — Apollonia Salbace, 55. TYPES. 279 Ares naked, standing, embraced by A^jlirodite. — Aphrodisias, 43. Artemis_, Bust or head of. — Amyzon, 13; Cnidus, 91, 94; Euippe, 98; Heraclea Salbace, 116; lasus, 125 ; Myndus, 138. Artemis standing, drawing arrow from quiver and holding bow. — lasus, 126. Artemis standing, holding torch and bow. — Tabae, 162. Artemis Ephesia, Cultus-statue of. — Stratonicea, 155, 157. Artemis Ephesia, Cultus-statue of, between stags. — Antiochia, 20. Artemis Huntress, — Tabae, 168. Artemis Huntress and Stag. — Stratonicea, 152. Artemis Huntress, Two identical figures of. — Tabae, 169. Artemis Kindyas, Head of. — Bargy- lia, 71, 72 ; Statue of. — Bargy- lia, 72. Artemis and Men face to face. — Tabae, 170-172. Asiatic goddess (Artemis?), Cultus- statue of. — Attuda, 64; Har- pasa, 113. Asklepios, Bust or head of. — Attuda, 62 ; Astypalaea, 187 ; Cos, 205—209, 211—214, 216, 219. Asklepios or Zeus, Head of. — Hera- clea Salbace, 118. Asklepios seated. — Heraclea Salbace, 116; holding patera over ser- pent, and crooked staflf. — Heraclea Salbace, 120. Asklepios standing. — Alabanda, 4 ; Aphrodisias, 33 ; Bargylia, 73; Trapezopolis, 177; Cos, 218; Khodus, 269. Asklepios and Hygieia. — Apollonia Salbace, 55, 56 ; Attuda, 65 ; Bargasa, 70. Asklepios and Telesphoros. — Attuda, 67. Asklepios with Aphrodite. — Cnidus, 97. Asklepios, Serpent- staff of. — Asty- palaea, 187. Astypalaea?, Head of, veiled. — Astypalaea, 187. Atesh-gah (Persian fire- altar). — Myndus, 137. Athena (or Boma ?), Bust of. — Antiochia, 16. Athena, Bust or head of. — Aphro- disias, 29, 37 ; Apollonia Sal- bace, 55 ; Attuda, 62 ; Caunus, 75; Cnidus, 96, 107; Hali- carnassus, 103,106, 107 — 110; Harpasa^ 113; Hydisos, 122; Tabae, 161, 163; Cos, 219. Athena, advancing. — Harpasa, 113, 114. Athena^ standing. — Antiochia, 18, 21 ; Attuda, 69 ; Harpasa, 115 ; Heapolis ad Harpasura, 141 ; Orthosia, 143. Athena standing, holding Nike and spear. — Alabanda, 8. Athena standing, turreted, with spear, shield, and owl. — Hera- clea, 119. Athena standing, holding olive- branch, shield, and spear. — Hyllarima, 123. Athena standing, holding patera and spear. — Alabanda, 6. Athena standing, holding patera, shield^ and spear. — Antiochia, 17. Athena sacrificing, — Antiochia, 20. Athena, Terminal figure of, armed 280 INDEX II. with shield and spear. — Hali- carnassus, 110. Athletes, three, drawing lots. — Aphrodisias, 47. Attuda, City, Head of, turreted. — Attuda, 62 — 64. B. Bacchante or Dionysos, Bust of, — Aphrodisias, 33. Bacchante, Head or bust of. — Myn- dus, 138; Tabae, 165. Bellerophon on Pegasos. — Bargylia, 72. Bellerophon standing, holding Pega- sos. — Stratouicea, 152. Boar, winged. Forepart of. — Talysus, 226, 227. Boule, Bust of. — ^Antiochia, 15, 17 ; Aphrodisias, 31, 32, 34 — 36; Apollonia Salbace, 66 ; Attuda, 66 ; Bargasa, 70 ; Heraclea Salbace, 116, 117 ; Tabae, 166 ; Trapezopolis, 177 ; Cos, 215. Bow in case, — Cos, 204. Bow in case within oak-wreath. — Alinda, 11. Bow in case, and Club. — Halicar- nassus, 106, 107; Cos, 203, 209. Bow in case, and Crab. — Cos, 272. Branch. — Myndus, 138. Bull, Head of. — Chersonesus Cnidia, 80; facing. — Cnidus, 90, 94. Bull, Head and neck of, — Cherso- nesus Cnidia, 80, 90, 95. Bull, Forepart of. — Caunus, 74, Bull, humped, butting. — Alabanda- Antiochia, 2, ) Bull, humped, Forepart of. — Ala- banda, 4; Tabae, 161. Bull, humped, recumbent on Maean- der pattern. — Antiochia, 14. Bull, humped, standing. — Antiochia, 15 ; Aphrodisias, 38 ; within circle of Maeander pattern end- ing in pilei of the Dioskuri. — Antiochia, 14. Bull, butting. — Caunus, 74. Bull, humped, butting. — ^Tabae, 161. Bull, humped, sacrifice of. — Strato- nicea, 157. C. Caduceus. — Oeramus, 78. Caduceus, winged. — ^Apollonia Sal- bace, 56 ; Halicarnassus, 109. Caduceus, between caps of the Dioskuri, — Tabae, 160. Capricorn, — Tabae, 165. Centaur holding bow ? — ^Aphrodisias, 47. Ceramus, City, Head of, turreted. — Ceramus, 78. Charites, three, naked. — Aphrodisias, 44. Oista mystica and serpent. — Sebasto- polis, 146. Club. — Cos, passim. Club and Crab. — Cos. See Crab. Club and Bow in case. — Cos, 201, 203, 204. Club in oak- wreath. — Alinda, 10. Club and Bow in case, within oak- wreath. — Alinda, 11. Club and Serpent-stafE. — Cos, 217. Cnidus, City, Head of, turreted, — Cnidus, 92. TYPES. 281 Corn, Three ears of. — Attnda, 63. Cornu copiae. — Caunus, 75 ; liera- clea Salbace, 116. Cornucopiae, with grapes and corn, — ■ Heraclea Salbace, 116. Crab. — Cos, 193 — 195, 200, 203, 205. Crab and bow in case. — Cos^ 197, 201, 204, 272. Crab and club. — Cos, 1 94 — 203, 205. Cuirass on trophy-stand. — Plarasa and Aphrodisias, 25. D. Demeter, Eust of. — Trapezopolis, 178. Deineter ? Head of, veiled. — Cos, 195—197. Demeter standing, holding ears of corn and torch. — Antiochia, 1 5 . Demeter standing, holding poppy and corn, resting on long torch. — Antiochia, 19. Deineter 1 standing, wearing kala- thos and holding grapes, corn, and sceptre. — Tabae, 169. Democracy (A A M O K PAT I A), Head of. — Cnidus, 92. Demoi of Aphrodisias and Antio- chia, 53. Demos, youthful. Head or bust of.— Alabanda, 4 ; Antiochia, 1 6 ; Aphrodisias, 29 — 31, 33, 35, 38 ; Apollonia Salbace, 56 ; Attuda, 63 — 65; Harpasa, 113, 114; Heraclea Salbace, 117; Sebastopolis, 146; Sfcratonicea, 153; Tabae, 165—167 ; Tra- pezopolis, 177. Demos, bearded, Head or bust of. — Aphrodisias, 29, 30 ; Attuda, 63 ; Cos, 215. Demos, bearded and diademed. Head of, — Antiochia, 16. Dionysos or Bacchante, Bust of, — Aphrodisias, 33. Dionysos, youthful, Bust or head of. — Alabanda, 6 ; Cnidus, 96; Euromus, 99 ; Myndus, 135 ; Orthosia, 143, 144 ; Sebasto- polis, 146 ; Tabae, 160, 164 j Astypalaea, 187. Dionysos, youthful, Bust of, with thyrsos. — Aphrodisias, 38. Dionysos, Head of, often radiate. — Ehodus, 263— 265, 269, 270. Dionysos standing, holding grapes and thyrsos. — Antiochia, 19 ; Apollonia Salbace, 56. Dionysos standing, holding grapes and thyrsos; at feet, panther. — Cidramus, 82 ; Tabae, 171, 173, 174. Dionysos standing beside column, holding grapes and thyrsos ; in front, panther. — Aphrodisias, 33. Dionysos standing, holding kantharos and thyrsos. — Apollonia Sal- bace, 57 ; Attuda, 64 ; Cnidus, 96. Dionysos standing beside column, holding grapes and kantharos; at feet, panther. — Harpasa, 114. Dionysos, standing, resting on thyr- sos and caressing pantheress. — Rhodus, 270. Dionysos standing, holding kantharos and thyrsos ; at feet, panther. — o o 282 INDKX -II. Antiochia, 22 ; Aphrodisias, 33; Attuda, 63; TaLae, 173; Trapezopolif, 177. Dioskuri standing. — Alindn, 11. Dioskuri, Altar of the. — Tabae, 164, 165, 168. Dioskuri, Caps of the. — Tabae, 160, 161, 165. Discobolus. — Cos, 194, Dolphin and Trident. — Nisyros, 222. Dolphins, Two.— Myndus, 138. Dolphins, Two, and smaller dolphin. — Posidium Carpathi, 192. E. Eagle. — Aphrodisias, 38; Ceramus, 77 ; Euromus, 100 ; Halicar- nassus, 104 ; Myndus, 137 ; Stratonicea, 147 ; Plarasa and Aphrodisias, 271. Eagle in incuse square. — Halicar- iiassus, lo2. Eagle on laurel- branch. — Apollonia Salbace, 54, Eagle on Maeander pattern. — Antio- chia, 15. Eagle holding serpent. — Aphrodi- sias, 38, Eagle on thunderbolt. — Myndus, 136 ; Plarasa and Aphrodisias, 26-28. Eagle on torch. — Stratonicea, 148. Eagle, Head of, in incuse square. — " lalysus, 226, 227. Eirene, Head of. — Cos, 216. Eleutheria. — See Aphrodite. Eleutheros Demos. — Aphrodisias, 38. Emperors and Imperial personages ; heads, busts, etc. : — Aitguslu^. — Alabanda, 5 ; Alinda, 11 ; Antiochia, 18 ; Aphrodi- sias, 39, 40 ; Apollonia Salbace, 56 ; Euromus, 100; Heraclea Salbace, 118; Mylasa,130, 131 ; Stratonicea, 151; Trapezopolis, 178, 179 ; Cos, 216, 217. Augustus and Livia. — Alabanda, 5 ; Aphrodisias, 40 ; Euromus, 100 . Livia. — Alabanda, 5 ; Aphrodisias, 40 ; Apollonia Salbace, 57. Agrippa^ Caius, and Lucius — Alabanda, 5. Caius Caesar. — Aphrodisias, 40. Germanicus and Drusus. — Tabae, 167. Tiberius. — Astypalaea, 187. Caligula. — Cos, 217. Agrippina Junior. — Alabanda, 6. Nero. — Alabanda, 6 ; Apollonia Salbace, 57 ; Cidramus, 81 ; Halicarnassus, 110; Heraclea Salbace, 119; IMyndus, 138; Tabae, 168. Vespasian. — Alabanda, 6 ; Hera- clea Salbace, 119; Orthosia, 144. T'ilus. — Bargylia, 72. Domitian. Antiochia, IS ; Hera- clea Salbace, 120; Tabae, 168; Cos, 218. Bomitia. — Tabae, 169 ; Cos, 218. Nerva. — Phodus, 269. Trajan. — Alinda, 11; Antiochia, 19 ; Attuda, 66 ; Halicarnassus, 110; Stratonicea, 153; Tabae, 169; Cos, 218 ; Khodus, 270. Plotina. — Tabae, 170. Hadrian. — Aphrodisias, 41 ; Hali- carnassus, llO; Harpasa, 114; Mylasa, 131 ; Stratonicea, 154; Cos, 218, 219. rvrEs. 283 Sahina. — Ilarpasa, 114. Aelhis Caesar, — Aliiida, 11. Antoninus Fius, — Antiocbia^ 19; Ceramus, 73; Cidramus, 82; Halicarnassns, 110; Heraclea Halbace, 120; Mylasa, 131 ; Stratoiiicea, 154 ; Tabae, 170 ; Cor, 219; Hhodus, 270. Faustina 3'e?2/or.~l\Iyndus, 139. J/. Aurelius, — Aiitiocbia, 19 ; Apbrodisias, 41 ; Apolonia Salbace, 57; Harpasa, 114; Heraclea Salbace, 120 ; Mylasa, 131; Orthosia, 145; Tabae, 170 ; Rhodus, 270. Faustina Junior. — Antiochia, 20; Apbrodisias, 42; Halicarnassns, 111 ; Mylasa, 131 ; Tabae, 170. L, Verus. — Antiochia, 20; Aphro disias, 42 ; Cos, 219. Lucilla, — Euippe, 98. Commodus. — Antiochia, 20 ; At- tnda, 66; Bargasa^ 70 ; Cera- mus, 78; Halicarnassus, 111; Rhodus, 270. SeiA. Seteriis. — Alabanda, 6 ; Alinda, 12; Apbrodisias, 43; Apbrodisias and Ephesus, 53; Attuda, 67 ; Halicarnassus, 111; Heraclea Salbace, 121 ; Mylasa, 132 ; Stratonicea, 155 ; Trape- zopolis, 179. Sept. Sevems on horseback, gallop- ing oyer prostrate foe. — Aphro- disias, 43. Sept. Severus and Domna. — Bar- gylia, 73 ; Halicarnassus and Samos, 112; Myndus, 139; Stratonicea, 155 — 157. Sept. Severus^ Bust of,, hetiveen busts of Caracalla and Get a . — Attuda, 67. Julia Domna. — xVlabanda, 7 ; Apbrodisias, 43 — 45; Attuda, 67; Bargylia, 73; Heraclea Salbace, 121; Stratonicea, 157 ; Tabae, 171 ; Trapezopolis, 179; Cos, 219. Caracalla. — Alabanda, 7 — 9; An- tiochia, 21 ; Apbrodisias, 45 ; Apollonia Salbace, 68 ; Cnidus, 97 ; Ilarpasa, 115 ; lasus, 126 ; Mylasa, 132, 133 ; Stratonicea, 157 ; Tabae, 171 ; Cos, 220. Caracalla on galloping horse ; beneath j two lions. — Apollonia Salbace^ 58. Caracalla galloping over two prostrate foes. — Attuda, 67. Caracalla and J. Domna. — Stra- tonicea, 158. Caracalla and Get a. — Halicarnas- susand Cos, 112 ; Mylasa, 133; Stratonicea, 158, 159. Caracalla and Plautilla. — Alinda, 12 ; Cnidus, 97 ; Stratonicea, 158. Flatdilla. — Alinda, 12, Mylasa, 133; Tabae, 171, 172 ; Cos, 220. Macrinus. — Heraclea Salbace, 121. Flagahalus. — Apbrodisias, 45 ; Cidramus, 82. Flagahalus on horsebach^ gallop- ing over prostrate foe. — Aphro- disias, 45. Flagahalus y standing^ holding cultus-statue of Aphrodite, and crowned hy Demos. — Aphrodi- sias, 45, Julia Maesa. — Cidramus, 82, 83, Severiis Alexander. — Antiochia, 21; Apbrodisias and Antiochia, 53; Stratonicea, 159; Tabae, 172^ 284 INDEX II. Jnlia Mamaea, — Aphroclisias, 46; Harpasa, 115. Maximinus. — Aphrodisias, 4 6 . Gor dianus III . — Antiochia, 21 ; Aphrodisias, 46, 47 ; Halicar- nassus, 111 ; Harpasa, 115 ; Heapolis ad Harpasum, 141. Tranquilliua. — Mylasa, 133, Philippus Senior, — Cos, 220. Pliilippus Junior. — Antiochia, 27; Aphrodisias, 47. Trajanus Decius. — Antiochia, 22 ; Aphrodisias, 48. Trajanus Decius in quadriga . — Aphrodisias, 48. Eiruscilla. — Antiochia, 23. Trehonianus Gallus. — Neapolis ad Harpasum, 141. Vulusianus. — Neapolis ad Harpa- snm, 142. Valerianus, — Antiochia, 23 ; Ta- hae, 172. Gallienus. — Antiochia, 23 ; Aphro- disias, 48 — 51 ; Apollonia Sal- hace, 58 ; Attnda, 68 ; Bar- gasa, 70; Tabae, 172 — 174. Gallienus on liorsehach. — Aphro- disias, 49, 50 ; Bargasa, 70. Gallienus in quadriga. — Aphro- disias, 48, Salonina. — Antiochia, 24; Aphro- disias, 51, 52 ; Apollonia Sal- hace, 58 ; Attuda, 68; Tabae, 174, 175. Saloninus. — Tabae, 175. Valerianus Junior. — Attuda, 69. Eros, Bust of.— Plarasa and Aphro- disias, 25. Eros, winged, standing with bow and arrow. — Aphrodisias, 32. Eros, winged, standing, holding torch. — Aphrodisias, 31, 32. Eros winged, standing, holding torch and bow. — Aphrodisias, 32, 37. Eros winged, in attitude of Thanatos^ with inverted torch. — Aphro- disias, 32, Erotes, Two, seated, playing with astragali. — Aphrodisias, 32, F. Female head or bust. — Alabanda, 5; veiled. — Alabanda, 5 ; Apollo- nia Salbace, 55 ; Calymna, 190, 191 ; Rliodus, 251 ; hair rolled. — Chalcetor ? 79 ; Hylla- rima, 123; wearing stephane , — Cnidus, 93 ; Nisyros, 222, Female figure seated , veiled, resting chin on hand. — Cos, 214, Female figure standing^ veiled. — Cos, 219; holding patera ? and cor- nucopiael — Halicarnassus, 109; sacrificing. — Cos, 219. Female figure standing.^ holding patera and sceptre. — Antiochia, 17; Cos, 219. Fig-leaf. — Idyma, 127; Camirus, 223—225. Fire-altar. — Myndus, 137 ; on large square altar. — Myndus, 139. Founder of Antiochia (/cTtVriys,) standing. — Antiochia, 23. Gr. Gerousia, Bust of. — ^Antiochia, 17, 18. Goat's head and foreleg in incuse square. — Halicarnassus, 102. TYPES. 285 Goat, Forepart of, in incuse circle. — Halicarnassus, 102. Goddess, Eust of, ^Yearing polos. — Tabae, 165; Oultus-statue of. — Alabanda, 3 ; veiled, standing, wearing kalathos. — Cidranius, 82 ; Sebastopolis, 146. Grapes. — Cnidus, 95 ; Myndus, 135 ; Ehodus, 269. Griffin, Head of, in incuse square, — Cainirus, 225. H. Harpa. — Astypalaea, 186, 187. Harpasos, Kiyer-god, recumbent. — Harpasa, 114, 115. Hekate, Head of. — Stratonicea, 148 151. Hekate, standing. — Stratonicea, 150, 154—159. Hekale riding on lion. — Stratonicea, 153. Hekate triformis, with, attributes. — Antiochia, 22. Helios or Apollo ^ Head of. — Astyra^ 60. Helios, Head of, facing, unradiate, — Cnidus, 94 ; Halicarnassus, 106, 107; Cos, 204; Ehodus, 230-236, 244—249, 252. Helios, Head of, facing, unradiate^ eagle covering r. cheek. — Ehodus % 249, 250. Helios, Head of, in profile, radiate , — Aphrodisias, 38 ; Halicarnassus, 108; Ehodus, 234,237, 251— 256, 258—260, 262, 263, 266— 270. Helios, Head of, facing, radiate , — Ehodus, 235, 240—244, 251, 252, 256—258, 260, 261, 272. Helios, Head of, on radiate disk. — Megiste, 221. Helios and Ehodos ? standing face to face. — Ehodus, 269. Hemikotylion. — Astyra, 59. Hera, standing, holding sceptre. — ■ Antiochia, 20. Herakles, young, Head of.— Alinda, 10, 11 ; Halicarnassus, 106 ; Cos, 195 — 198 ; 200 —205, 209, 217, 272. Herakles, young. Three-quarter or full-face head of. — Cos, 203, 204. Herakles, bearded. Head of. — Alinda, 10; Hcraclea Salbace, 119; Tabae, 162, 163, 167 ; Cos, 194—196, 199, 20], 214. Herakles, kneeling. — Termera, 176. Herakles, standing. — Attuda, 68; Heraclea Salbace, 118; Or- thosia, 145. Herakles standing, with club and lion’s skin. — Heraclea Salbace, 116, 119, 120. Herakles standing, holding club and bow. — Heraclea Salbace, 120. Herakles standing, holding patera, club, and lion’s skin.— Cos, • 218. Herakles standing, pouring libation on lighted altar. — Heraclea Salbace, 121. Herakles standing, crowned by Hike, who stands on his shoulder. Alinda, 12. Herakles, Infant, strangling ser- pents. — Cnidus, 88. Herakles and Keryneian stag— Alinda, 12. 286 IKDIiX II. Horakles standing, holding infant ; at his feet_, crab. — Cos, 215. Ilerakles seated, holding infant with star over head; at his foot a crab. — Cos, 215. Hcrakles, Statue of, to front. — Cos, 219. Herakles, Statue of, on basis, holding patera, club and lion^s skin. — Cos, 220. Hermes "I Head of. — Halicarnassus, 109. Hermes standing, holding cadu- ceus. — Alabanda, 5 ; holding purse and caduceus. — ^Antio- chia, 16; Aphrodisias, 36 ; Cidramus, 81 ; Heraclea Sal- bace, 118. Hermes dragging ram. — Aphrodisias, 52. Hermes Agoraios, standing. — Aphro- disias, 36, 52. Hermias swimming with dolphin. — lasus, 124 — 126. Herodotus, Bust of. — Halicarnassus, 110 . Hippokrates (Physician), Head of. — Cos, 216. Homonoial standing. — Tabae, 160, 163. Horn onoia? sacrificing. — Cnidus, 97. Horse, Forepart of. — Mylasa, 129 ; Hindus, 229. Horse, free. — Mylasa, 128, 129. Horse, winged, Forepart of. — Hali- carnassus, 102, 105 ; lalysus, 227. Ilygieia, standing. — Attuda, 62 ; Pleraclea Salbace, 117 ; Cos, 215. Hygieia feeding serpent. — Euippe, 98, I. lasos (founder), Head of. — lasus, 126. Incuse circle, containing wheel. — Camirus, 225. Incuse square, rough. — Cos, 193 ; Camirus, 224. Incuse square quartered diagonally, — Astyra, 59. Incuse square in two oblong halves. — Posidonia Carpathi, 192 ; Camirus, 223, 224 ; Lindus, 228. Incuse square, containing crab and bow in case. — Cos, 272. Incuse square, containing smaller incuse square. — Camirus, 223- Incuse square, containing griffin’s head. — Camirus, 225. Incuse squares, Two. — Cnidus, 84. Incuse squares, Three, in lacunar. — Astyra, 60. Isis, standing, — Heraclea Salbace, 117, Isis, Head-dress of. — Halicarnassus, 109 ; Myndus, 134. Isis,- — See Sarapis. — Alinda, 11. J. Jupiter Capitolinus seated before agonistic table. — ^Antiochia, 23. Jupiter Ca|>itolinus seated, holding Nike and sceptre. — ^Antiochia, 19. Jupiter Capitolinus seated before Tyche of Antiochia crowned by Nike. — Antiochia, 21. Jupiter Capitolinus, Tetrastyle tem- ple of. — Antiochia, 20. TYPES. 287 K. Kalatlios containing poppy-head and ears of corn. — Cos, 216. Kybele seated, at her feet lion. — Trapezopolis, 179. Kybele seated between two lions. — Attuda, 66. Kybele standing between two lions. — Attuda, 6G — 68; Trapezo- polis, 177, 179. Kybele riding on lion. — Attuda, 68. Kyberses, Eiver-god. — Mylasa, 102. L. Labrys. — Alinda, 11 ; Aphrodisias and Piarasa, 25 ; Euromus, 99 ; Mylasa, 129; Pixodarus, 18-1. Labrys filleted .• — Aphrodisias, 38, 39; lleraclea Salbaee, 116. Labrys and filleted palms. — Aphro- disias, 28. Labrys and trident combined. — Mylasa, 128. Laurel-branch, filleted. — Alabanda, 5, 7. Lebes on tripod, with doves sip- ping. — Cos, 214. Leto carrying her two children. — Attuda, 6-1. Liknoplioros with basket on head. — Antiochia, 18. Lioness or panther. Aphrodisias, 38. Lion, Head of. — Termera, 176; Lin- dus, 228, 229. Lion, Forepart of. — Chersonesiis Cnidia, 80; Cnidus, 84 — 92, 94, 272. Lion standing. — Hecatomnus, 180. Lion's skin over club. — Alinda, 10. Lyre (chelys). — Halicarnassus, 108 ; Calymna, 188 ; Cos, 210, 211. Lyre (kithara). — Alabanda, 3, 8 ; Apollonia Salbaee, 54 ; Hali- carnassus, 107 ; lasus, 125 ; Neapolis Myndioruin ^ 140 ; Calymna, 188—191 ; Cos, 210, 214. Lyre between laurel-branches. — Halicarnassus, 103 — 105. M. Macander, River-god, recumbent, with reed and cornucopiae. — Antiochia, 16, 19, 22, 23. Male head, young, laur. and dia- demed. — Amyzon, 13. Male (?) head, helmeted. — Ast^^pa- laea, 187. Male head, bearded. — Cnidus, 97. Male figure draped, r. arm raised.— Alinda, 12. Male figure seated, helmeted, hold- ing statuette of Athena, and resting on sceptre. — Strato- nicea, 157. Male figure running, holding un- certain object and spear. — ■ Apollonia Salbaee, 57. Medusa, Head of. — Astj^palaea, 186, 187. M?)i/, Bust of. — Antiochia, 15 ; Tra- pezopolis, 178. Myv standing. — Cidramus, 83. standing, foot on bucraniuni, holding patera and sceptre.— Aphrodisias, 34. 288 INDEX II. Miyv standing, holding patera over altar, and resting on sceptre. — Trapezopolis, 177, 179. MtJi/, Altar of. — Attuda, 65, 68. M-qv and Artemis, face to face. — Tabae, 170—172. 'U-qv ’Ao-Katvds ('?). — Aphrodisias, 34. Kapou, Uust of. — Attuda, 65. Morsynos, Eiver-god, standing, holding patera (?) and reed. — Antiochia, 16. IST. Negress, Bust of. — Amyzon, 13. Nemesis standing. — Attuda, 63, 66; Tabae, 165. Nemesis, Avinged, standing. — Antio- chia, 20 ; Aphrodisias, 34 : Trapezopolis, 178- Nemesis (?). — Ehodus, 267, 268. Nike standing.' — ^Antiochia, 15, 18, 19; Aphrodisias, 37; Mylasa, 133; Stratonicea, 148, 151 — 153; Cos, 220. Nike advancing. — Cnidus, 96 ; Stra- tonicea, 156; Tabae, 163, 166, 169, 170, 172; Astypalaea, 187. Nike crowning trophy. — Ehodus, 267. Nike on prow, rose, globe, &c. — Ehodus, ^263-266. Nikias, Head of. — Cos, 213. 0 . Oenochoe. — Astyra, 59. Oenochoc and Lyre (chclys). — As- tyra, 59. Owl. — Halicarnassus, 107, 109. Owl on filleted olive-branch. — Myndus, 136. P, Palladium. — Cos, 214. Pan, Head of. — Idyma, 127. Pan, dancing, snapping his fingers and holding pedum. — Tabae, 167, 174. Pantheistic divinity radiate, holding torch, sceptre, caduceus and bow. — Tabae, 166, 171. Panther. — Tabae, 167, 175. Pantheress. — Orthosia, 143. Pegasos, Porepart of. — Bargylia, 72; Stratonicea, 150, Pegasos. — -Alabanda (Antiochia), 1, 2; Alabanda, 2, 271; Alinda, 11; Bargylia, 71, 72 ; Strato- nicea, 150, 152. Perseus, Head of. — Astypalaea, 186. Poseidon, Head of. — Halicarnassus, 103, 104, 109; Cos, 214; Ni- syros, 222. Poseidon standing, with foot on prow. — Tabae, 164, 165, 175. Poseidon standing, one foot on dol- phin, holds in r. seated female statuette and in 1. trident. — Tabae, 174. ProAv. — Cnidus, 92, 93 ; Ehodus, 251. Pyramidal fire-altar. — Myndus^ 137. Q. Quiver Avith strap. — Euippe, 98. Quiver and bow. — Bargylia, 71. TYPliS. 289 E. Raven (?). — Alabanda;, 3-5. Ebodos, Head of, in incus® square. — Eh.od.TiSj 231. Rhodes, Head of. — Ehodus, 238- 240, 251, 252. Ehodos, Head of, radiate. — EhoduSj 251. Eoma seated, — Alabanda, 4, Rose. — Aphrodisias and Plarasa, 25 ; Astyra, 60 ; Megiste, 221 ; Camirus, 225 ; Ehodus, 234- 260, 265j 266, 272. Rose in incuse circle. — Rhodus, 235. Rose in incuse square. — TalysuSj 227 ; Ehodus, 230-234. Rose, full-blown, to front. — Rhodus, 260-263. Rose surmounted by radiate solar disk. — Rhodus, 250. Rose-buds, two. — Ehodus, 234, 237. S. Sabazios on horseback, iabrys over shoulder. — Attuda, 63, 61. Sabazios or Amazon on horseback. — • Apollonia Salbace, 54. ■ Sabazios or Sozon standing, holding patera and Iabrys. — Heraclea Salbace, 110. Sacrifice of bull. — Stratonicea, 157. Sarapis, Head or bust of. — Aphro- disiasi36; Ha rpasa, 114 j Hera- clea Salbace, 117. Sarapis, Head of, radiate. — Ehodus, 268. Sarapis and Isis standing face to face. — Alinda, 11. Senate, Young male bust of. — Aphrodisias, 30, 31, 33-35, 37 ; Apollonia Salbace, 56 ; Attuda, 65 ; Cidramus, 81 ; Heraclea Salbace, 117; Orthosia, 144; Sebastopolis, 146 ; Stratonicea, 152, 154. Senate, Eemale bust of. — A.ntiochia, 17, Senate seated, with lituus and sceptre. — Alabanda, 4. Serpent coiled, — Cos, 205-209, 212, 213, 217. Serpent-staff. — Cos, 211, 212, 215- 218. Shields, Macedonian, three. — My- lasa, 128. Sozon standing, holding branch. — Antiochia, 16. Spear-head. — Chalcetor(^), 79. Sphinx seated. — Caunus, 74. Stag, Fore-part of. — Eargylia, 72. Stag standing. — Eargylia, 72 } Euromus, 99, 100 ; Mjlasa, 131 ; Tabae, 165, 168, 170. Star. — Hidricus, 183 ; Pixodarus, 185. Sword in sheath.- — Caunus, 75, 76; Mjlasa, 128. T, Telesphoros standing. — Bargasa, 70. Tencple, distyle, of Aphrodite or Artemis Ephesia, — Heraclea Salbace, 118, Temple, distyle, containing cultus- statue of Aphrodite between seated Priestess and altar. — Aphrodisias, 29, 40. p p 290 INDEX II. Temple, distyle, of Asklepios and Hygieia. — Cos, 219. Temple, distyle, of Athena. — Hali- carnassus, 111. Temple, distyle, of Homonoia. — Halicarnassus, 111. Temple, tetrastyle, of Aphrodite, — Aphrodisias, 37, 41, 48 ; Heraclea Salbace, 121. Temple, tetrastyle, containing cultus- statue of Aphrodite between seated Priestess and Altar, — Aphrodisias, 45, 46. Temple, tetrastyle, of Athena, — Antiochia, 17. Temple, tetrastyle, of Homonoia, — Halicarnass as, 111. Temple, tetrastyle, of Jupiter Capi- tolinus, — Antiochia, 20, 21. Temple, tetrastyle, of Kybele. — Attuda, 67. Temple, tetrastyle, of Tyche,- — • Antiochia, 17, 18, 21. Temple, tetrastyle, of Tyche and H emeses . — Apollonia Salbace, 57. Temple, tetrastyle, of Zeus Labraun- dos. — Mylasa, 132, 133. Temple, tetrastyle, of Zeus Osogos. — Mylasa, 132. Temple, hexastyle, of Artemis Huntress. — Tabae, 172, 173. Temple, octastyle, containing cultus- statue of Aphrodite . — Aphro- disias, 42. Term, ithyphallic, bearded. — Myn- dus, 138. Thunderbolt, winged. — Apollonia Salbace, 54 ; Myndus, 135, 136. Thunderbolt, winged, in laurel- wreath. — Alinda, 10, Thyrsi, two, crossed. — Tabae, 164, Thyrsos. — Ehodus, 269. Thyrsos, filleted. — Orthosia, 143 ; Sebastopolis, 146, Timeles (River-god), recumbent. — Aphrodisias, 29. Torch. — Amyzon, 13 ; Stratonicea, 149. Torches, two. — Cos, 218. Tree before lighted altar. — Attuda, 66 . Tree, leafless, felled by two Phry- gians. — Aphrodisias, 34, 35. Trees, leafless, three, in enclosure of trellis. — Aphrodisias, 35. Trees, leafless, three, between altars. — Aphrodisias, 35. Trident. — Halicarnassus, 104, 105, 108 ; Mylasa, 129, 131. Trident and Labrys combined. — Mylasa, 128. Trident and Labrys combined, standing on crab. — Mylasa, 132, Tripod. — Alabanda, 3 ; Cnidus, 91, 94 ; Myndus, 138. Tripod with oX/aos. — H alicarnassus, 103. Tyche of city, Head or bust of. — Alabanda, 4, 6 ; Heraclea Sal- bace, 118 ; Cos, 216 ; Rhodus, 269. Tyche, sacriflcing. — Alabanda, 8. Tyche, standing. — Alabanda, 7 ; Antiochia, 17, 22, 24 ; Aphro- disias, 42, 45, 47, 60, 52 ; Apollonia Salbace, 56, 58 ; Attuda, 62, 68; Cnidus, 97; Heraclea Salbace, 117 ; Hea- polis ad Harpasum, 141 ; Se- bastopolis, 146 ; Tabae, 166, 170, 171, 173-175 ; Trape- zopolis, 178. TYPES. 291 Tyche standings veiled and turretcclj resting on sceptre and holding comucopiae. — Cos, 220. V. Vase with one handle. — Astyra, 59, 60. Vine-branch with grapes. — Cnidus, 96. W. Warrior, Archaic head of, bearded and helmeted. — Calymna, 188. W arrior, Head of, beardless, hel- nieted. — Calymna, 188-191. Wheel in circular incuse. — Camirus, 225. X. Xenophon (Physician), Head of. — Cos, 215. Z. Zeus, Head of. — Antiochia, 14 ; Aphrodisias, 28 ; Apollonia Salbace, 54, 56 ; Ceramus, 77; Euromus, 99; Gordiutei- chos, 101 ; Halicarnassus, 109; Harpasa, 113 ; Myndus, 134, 186; Orthosia, 143; Sebasto- polis, 146 ; Stratonicea, 147, 148, 150, 152; Tabae, 160, 161, 165; Rhodus, 250. Zeus seated. — Antiochia, 16 ; Aphrodisias, 29, 41. Zeus Nikephoros seated, — Aphro- disias, 36, 4G, 48 ; Apollonia Salbace, 55, 58 ; Haipasa, 115 : at feet, Eagle. — Stratonicea, 155. Zeus seated, holding patera and sceptre. — Cidranius, 81 ; Stra- tonicea, 159, Zeus seated, holding sceptre and thundeibolt. — Alabanda, 6. Zeus standing, holding patera and sceptre, at feet, Stag. — Mylasa, 132: at feet, Eagle, and holding patera and sceptre surmounted by Eagle. — -Ceramus, 78. Zeus standing, holding eagle and s.ceptre. — Alabanda, 6 . Zeus standing, holding thunderbolt and sceptre. — Orthosia, 144. Zeus hurling thunderbolt and hold- ing eagle. — Attuda, 65 ; Tabae, 162. Zeus (?) standing, armed with hel- met, cuirass, spear and shield. — Hydisus, 122. Zeus Ammon, Head of. — Nisyros, 222 . Zeus Askraios (?) standing to front. — Halicarnassus, 110, 111. Zeus Askraios (?) and Hera, stand- ing. — Halicarnassus, 112. Zeus Boulaios, Head of. — Antiochia, 16. Zeus Labraundos, Head of. — Mylasa, 130. Zeus Labraundos, or Stratios, stand- ing. — Hecatomnus, 180; Mail- solus, 181, 182 ; Hidrieus, 183 ; Pixodarus, 184, 185, Zeus Labraundos, or Stratios, stand- 292 INDEX II. ing, armed with Spear and LabrySj goat? behind him. — Ce ramus, 78. Zeus Labraundos, Cultus-statue of. — Euromus, 99, 100. Zeus Labraundos, Temple of. — My- lasa, 133. Zeus Kapetolios {see Jupiter Capito- linus) . Zeus Lydios^ Bust of. — Cidramus, 81, Zeus Osogos standing, holding eagle? — Mylasa, 133. Zeus Osogos and Zeus Labraundos, Statues of, — Mylasa, 133. Zeus Osogos, Temple of. — Mylasa, 132. Zeus Panamaros ? on horseback. — S tratonicea, 151, 153, 164, 156, 158. Zeus Sarapis seated, with Kerberos at his feet. — lasus, 126. INDEX III. SYMBOLS AND OOUNTEBMABKS. A. Acrostolium. — Khodiis, 259, 266. Altar, lighted. — Ehodus, 254. Altar. — CniduSj 94. Amphora. — Rhodus, 266. Anchor. — Rhodus, 243, 247, Aphrodite? standing. — Rhodus, 242, 243. Aplustre? — Rhodus, 232. Aplustre, — Rhodus, 241, 243, 250- 252, 257, 260. Arion ? on dolphin. — Rhodus, 257. Artemis running with torch. — Rhodus, 237, 242. Astragalus^ — Rhodus, 230. Athena holding aplustre and mast, — Rhodus, 244. Athena Promaclios. — Rhodus, 246. B. Bee. — Rhodus, 233, 251. Bee? — Rhodus, 239, 246. Bow in case. — Rhodus, 245. Bow in case and Club crossed.— Rhodus, 244. Bow strung. — Rhodus, 239. Bucranium. — Rhodus, 249, 256. Butterfly. — Rhodus, 244, 246, 253, 253. C. Caduceus . — Alabanda ( Antiochia), 2 ; Plarasa and Aphrodisias, 26 ; Caunus, 75; Cnidus, 89, 93 ; Halicarnassus, 104; Rhodus, 232, 245-248, 254, 257, 259, 262, 272. Capricorn. — Alabanda, 5. Cista. Rhodus, 259. Club.—Rhodus, 246, 253, 257, 262. Cluband bow crossed.— Rhodus, 246. Corn, Ear of. — Rhodus, 232, 234, 238, 243, 252, 256-258. Corn, grain of. — Rhodus, 232. Cornucopiae. — Plarasa and Aphro- disias, 27 ; Stratonicea, 147 ; Rhodus, 234, 239, 255, 257, 261, 294 INDEX III. Countermarks : — Aphrodite Head of. — Cnidus, 96, Athena, Head of. — Stratonicea, 155 sqq. Ball’s head facing. — Ehodus, 241. Cluh and Lion’s skin Strato- nicea, 154. Female head. — Plarasa and Aph- rodisiaSj 28, Grapes. — Plarasa and Aphrodisias, 28. Head, bearded. — Antiochia, 19. Head, radiate. — Antiochia, 15. Helios, Head of. — Rhodus, 249. Emperor, Head of. — Attuda, 64, 65. Geta, Head of, usually with letters r or F€. — Alabanda, 4, 6, 7, 8 ; Alinda, 12. Letters: A in wreath — Heraclea Salbace, 121 ; AKM and eagle — Aphrodisias, 29; B — Attuda, 66; P — Attuda, 64; — Heapolis, 142; AP — Attuda, 64; S’ — Alabanda,6; Z or N ?) — Aphrodisias, 45 ; b — Aphrodisias, 31, 33, 38 ; Tabae, 171, 172, 174; G€ O V — Stratonicea, 155 sqq , ; KY and Lyre — Rhodus, 245; XX — Heraclea, 119. Lion. — Rhodus, 248. Star. — Euippe, 98 ; Halicarnassus, 108. Crescent. — Rhodus, 269. Crux ansata. — Caunus, 75. D. Dioskuri,Capsof the. — Euronius, 99. Dolphin. — Rhodus, 232, 238, 241, 247, 248, 250, 252, 254. Dolphin and Branch. — Rhodus, 262. Dolphin and Trident. — Rhodus, 258. Dolphins, two, — Rhodus, 249. Eagle on cheek of Helios,' — Rhodus, 249. Eagle on thunderbolt. — Rhodus, 242, 244. Eagle on wreath. — Rhodus, 243, Eye. — Rhodus, 231, F. Fishhook. — Rhodus, 247, 253, 258, 259. Floral device. — Cnidus, 85. Floral volute. — lalysus, 226, 227. Flower, Bell-shaped. — Rhodus, 232. G. Grapes. — Astyra, 61; Caunus, 75; Cnidus, 92 ; Myndus, 134 ; Ehodus, 231, 233, |234, 236, 238, 249, 253, 257. H. Hand holding ear of corn. — Rhodus, 255. Hand open. — Rhodus, 254. Harpa. — Myndus, 134; Rhodus, 235. Helmet. — Alabanda, 3 ; Cnidus, 90, 272; Orthosia, 143; lalysus, 226 ; Rhodus, 235, 236, 243, 252, 259. Horse’s head. — Rhodus, 239. SYMBOLS AND COUNTERMARKS. 295 I. Isis, Head-dress of. — E-hodus, 253- 255, 259. Ivy-leaf. — lihodus, 238. Ivy-Avreath. — Khodus, 235, 237, L53. K. Kylix. — Ehodus, 232. L. Labrys. — Euromus, 99; Mylasa, 128. Lamp. — Ehodus, 235 — 237. Lituns, — Alabaiida, 6. Lyre. — Halicarnassus, 104; Ehodus, 232, 237, 255. H. jSTike holding aplustre. — Ehodus, 244. 0 . Oenochoe. — Astyra, 60, 61. Oenochoe and Tripod. — Ehodus, 261. Olive-spray. — Hal icarnassus, 102. Omphalos and Serpent. — Ehodus, 253, 254. Omphalos and Star. — Ehodus, 256. Owl.— Ehodus, 232, 259, 261. P. Palm. — Ehodus, 247, 259, 266. Palm and Dolphin. — Ehodus, 263. Pentagram, — Ehodus, 246. Pileus surmounted by Star. — Eho- dus, 235. Prow.— Cnidus, 87, 88, 272 ; Eho- dus, 235, 241, 248, 253. Q. Quiver with Strap. — Alabanda, 271. E. Eace-torch. — Ehodus, 239, 253, 257. Eadiate disk, half of (rising sun). — Ehodus, 256, 257, 266. Eam’s head and Caduceus. — Ehodus, 255. Eose. — Cnidus, 94 ; Ehodus, 252. S. Serpent. — Ehodus, 244, 247. Serpent coiled. — Stratonicea, 147 ; Ehodus, 256. Serpent twined round omphalos. — Ehodus, 253, 254, 256. Shell, funnel-shaped. — Ehodus, 239. Shell (pecten). — Ehodus, 232, 237, 239. Shield. — Ehodus, 253. Shield, Boeotian. — Ehodus, 232. 296 INDEX III. Shield, oval. — Kliodus, 243. Silenos drinking from askos ^ — Rhodus, 244. Spear-head. — Rhodus, 239,247, 253. Sphinx. — Rhodus, 231. Star. — Halicarnassus, 104 ; lasus, 126; Myndus, 134; Strato- nicea, 147 ; Cos, 205, 206, 208, 212 ; Rhodus, 235, 236, 239, 251, 255, 256, 258, 261, 268. Star (Milesian).— Rhodus, 248. Stars, three. — Rhodus, 261. Sword in sheath. — -Rhodus, 258, 259. T. Term. — Rhodus, 263. Term, ithyphallic, bearded. — Rhodus, 247, Thunderbolt. — Myndus, 134, 135 ; Rhodus; 233, 238, 241, 247, 248, 258, 259, Thyrsos. — Rhodus, 242, 254, 256. Torch. — ■ Stratonicea, 147, 148 ; Rhodus, 250, Torch and Quiver. — Stratonicea, 147. Trident. — Rhodus, 236, 238, 245, 247, 252. Tripod. — Rhodus, 246, 247. Tripod and Oenochoe.—Rhodus, 261. V. Vase (skyphos). — Rhodus, 240. W. Wing.— Rhodus, 253. Wreath. — Plarasa and Aphrodisias, 26 ; Caunus, 74 ; Mausolus, 181, 182; Rhodus, 235, 237, 242, 250, 261. (297) INDEX IV.A. KINGS AND RULERS, &c. E EKATOM- — Hecatomnus, 180, EYPOAEMOY. — Eupolemus, — Mylasa, 128, I IAPIEI2Z.— Hidrieas, 183. M MAY5SI2AAO. — Mausolus, 181. N NIKIAZ.— Nikias, Cos, 213, n riHIlAAPO and riHXlAAPOY. — Pixodanis, 184, 185, T TVM/VO. — Tymnes, Termera, 176. Q Q (298) INDEX IY.b. MAGISTRATES’ NAMES ON AUTONOMOUS COINS, A. AFAOAPXOS. — Ehodus, 252. ArAGo4>[ANH5:],— Cnidus, 91. A PE M AXO^. — Ehodus, 252. ATEMAXOY. — Ehodus, 242. APE<|)nN. — Cnidus, Introd. li. APHZIA.— Cos, 207, APHZIAZ.~Cos, 211. APH^IAAMoS. — Ehodus, 242. APHZIAAMoZ. — Ehodus, 252. APHTXIP. — Cnidus, Introd, 1. APAAOZ.— Cos, 209, 211. APNXIN ?— Cos, 212. AETIHN.— Ehodus, 240, 242,253. AQANOAIlPoZ. — Ehodus, 253. AIOHN. — Halicarnassus, 107. A I N E AZ. — ^Antiochia, ] 4 ; Introd, xxxi. AINHTHP. — Ehodus, 245, 253; Introd, cix, AIZXPinN.— Cos, 202. AKE5I?. — Ehodus, 211, 247. AKPO . . . . — Cnidus, Introd. 1, AAKIAAM.-Cos, 207, 210. AAKIMAXOS.— Cos, 195. AMEINIAS.— Ehodus, 241, 243, 245, 247, AMANIOY.-Aphro- disias and Plarasa. — Introd^ xxxiv. ANOEZT. . .—Cos, 205. AN NIKA . . . . — Cnidus, ANTA I OZ.— Ehodus, 251, 256, 272. ANTI —Cnidus, 92; Ehodus, 254. ANTI P ?— Halicarnassus, 108.. magistrates’ names on autonomous coins. 299 ANTirENHZ.— Rhodus, 253. [A]NTIOXIAAtZ].- —Cnidus^ In- trod, 1. ANTIOXOS.-Cos, 513. ANTinATPoS. — Cuidus, In- trod, 1. ANTIHATPOZ with MYI2N and AI[0]rENHZ.— Aphro- disias and Plarasa, 27. AP or Ar— Cos, 195. AFIOA . . . . — Ceramus, 77 ; Hali- carnassus, 104:. AnOAAO . . . . . — Halicarnassus, 109. [A]no AAOAOTOZ M EN AN APoY. — Aphrodisias and Pla- rasa, 271. AnoAAIlNIoZ ArEAAoY.— Aphrodisias and Plarasa, 26, APATOZ— Cos, 202. A — €. — Khodus(?), 250. APIZTArOPAZ.-Cnidus, 92,94. APIZTAIOZ.-Cos, 210. A P I ZT A KOZ.— Ehodus, 243, 245. APIZTEAZ and APICTEAC. Stratonicea, Introd, Ixix., Ixx. APISTEAS OnAEIToY. — Orthosia, 143. APIZTEYZ. — Alabanda (An- tiochia), Introd, xxvii., xxviii. APISTIUN, APICTIHN, and AlZTinN.— Cos, 195, 204. APIETO. — Halicarnassus, 109. APISTOBIOS.— Ehodus, 235, A P I ST o Bo Y AoS. — Ehodus, 243, ■ 253 ; Introd, cix. APIZTOKAHZ. — Cnidus, In- trod. 1, APISTOKPIT05.— Ehodus, 241, 243. APIZTOAO[XO]Z. — Ehodus, 235. APIZTOM.— Cos, 207. APlZToMAXoZ. — Ehodus, 260. APISTONoMoS.— E hodus, 235. APIZTOTTOAIZ— Cnidus, 95. APIZTI2.— Cos, 205. API[Pfl]N.— Cnidus, 90. APT€ . . .? — Halicarnassus, 107, 108. APTEMIA IAS.— Orthosia, 143. APTEM I All. — Stratonicea, In- trod. Ixx, APTEM I An PoZ. — Aphrodisias and Plarasa, 271. APTEMIAflPoZ AnoAAXl NoZ. — Aphrodisias and Pla- rasa, 26. APTEMIAflPoZ APTEMIA flPoY TOY ANAPflNoZ. — Aphrodisias and Plarasa, 26. APT. Zfl. TH. — Aphrodisias and Plarasa, Introd. xxxiv. A PTE Mil N . — Aphrodisias and Plarasa, 271 ; Ehodus, 253, 257. APXEKP[ATHS].— Cnidus, 89. APX€noA.-Cos, 202. APXIAZ. — Cnidus, Introd. lii, ; Cos, 204, 205. APXIAAMOS.— Cos, 195, 199. APXflN.— Cos, 203. AZ — Cnidus, 92. 300 INDEX IV. B. AZKAAmO[Z].— Oos, 214. AZKAHni.— Cos, 208. ACriA. — Halicarnassus, 109. ATTAAOC AP. — Stratonioea, Introd. Ixix. AYTOK PATHS.— Cnidus, 90. B. BABX2N. — Eliodus, 248. BAIX2N. — Cniilus, 90. BATinN.— Cos, 201. BITHN.— Cos, 196. r. TAIOC . — Stratonicea, Tntrod, ls!x. TENOKAH.— Cos, 208. rNnZIAIKoZ.— Cos, 272. roP.— Tabae, 161. roPriA. — Eliodus, 257. roPPoZ. — Khodus, 245, 246, 247, 260. roPFOY. — Eliodus, 245, A. AAMAZ. — Ehodus, 257, AAMATPloZ. — Ehodus^ 254, 257 ; Introd, cix. AAM0KPIN[HZJ . — ^Ehodus, In- trod, cix. [AJAMoNIKoZ. — Plarasa, Introd* xxxiii, AAMOEENOC.— Cos, 200. AAMI2N.— Cos, 196, 203. A — A. — Ehodus^ 349. AEINIAZ.— Cos, 207. AEZAToPAZ. — Ehodus, 257. AEZIKPATHZ.— Ehodus, 264, 257, AHMHTPIOZ.— Alabanda, 271 ; Introd, xxvii, AH M HTPIOC — A.mj 2 .on,Tnirod, xxxi, ; Cos, 198,200; Introd* XCIT. AHM0C06NHC. — Stratonicea, Introd. Ixix. AHMOKAHZ.— Ehodus^), 248. A|.— Ehodus, 235. [AI]Aro[PAZ]?— Cos, 196. OIA. — Halicarnassus, 1 07 . A I O FEN H Z. — Alabanda, Introd, xxvii.; Cos, 201; Ehodus, 252, AloFENHZ with MYIIN and ANTIHATPOZ.— Aphrodi- sias and Plarasa, 27. AlOFNHTOZ.— Stratonicea, 147; Ehodus, 254, 257. AlOKAHZ. — Cnidus, 94, 96 ; Ehodus, 246, 248. AlOKAHC Kl. — Stratonicea, In- trod, Ixix. AlOME.— Cos, 209. AlONY. — Alinda, 10 ; Halicar- nassus, 108. magistrates’ names on autonomous coins. 301 A I o N YZ I oz . — Alabanda (An - tiochia), 1, Introd, xsviii, ■ Antiochia ad Maeandrum, In- trod. xxxii. ; E/hodus, 257. AlONYCIOC.— Strafconicea, 148. AlOCK. — Halicarnassnsj lOS, AlOTPEHZ. — Antiochia ad Maeandrnm, Introd. xxxii. AIOAN.— Cos, 209, 212. AIXIN.— Cos, 195, APAKX2N. — Halicarnassus, 106. A — Y.- — Ehodus('?), 249. E. EKAZ. — EuromnSj Introd. liii. EKATAIOZ* — Cnidus, Introd, In. €KA[T]AIOC CWCANAPOY. — Stratonicea, 148, Introd. Ixx. EKATAIOY.— Cos, 208. EKATOAflP.— Cos, 196, 201. EAAANIKOZ.— Cos, 200, 202. EMMENI.— Cos, 211. EMPPErriN.— Cos, 198, 199, Introd, xciv. EZHKEC.— Myndus, 135. EoBflAO[S]. — Cnidus, 87. ETTArAOOZ- — Cnidiis, 96. H IT^ ( = ’ETTTypaTos '?) . — Cnidus, Introd. xlix, Eni(?)ZO. — Halicarnassus, 103. EHirONOZ. — Myndus, 134. [EjniAAYPlCZ.— Cos, 204. EHIKPATHZ Z[E]NoKPA ToY[Z] (le/jeus Sij/u.ov ^ . — Aplirodisias and Plarasa, 26. EPINIKOZ.— Cos, 200. EHITVXHZ.— Ehodus, 262. EPASI KAHS.— Rhodus,235, 236, 243. [E]PMArOP[AZ] ? — Alabanda (Antiochia), I?itrod. xxviii. EPMIAZ. — Myndus, 136. EPMOPE. — Antiochia, Intr. xxxii. EPMOAYK[OZ]. — Myndus, 134. EPMo4>ANToc. — Ceramus, 77. E P M X2 N . — Halicarnassus, 106. €CTI. — Halicarnassus, 104. EY. — Rhodus, 233, 234, 235. EYAPATOZ.— Cos, 207,208,213. [EJYBIOZ. — E/hodus? 248. EYBOYA[OC]. — Cnidus, 96. EYAAM* (TTpoo-raTyjs). — Cos, 206, 208. EYAH(?) — Antiochia, 15. EYAI2POZ (?[0]EYAnP0Z). — Cnidus, Introd. 1. ; Cos, 200. EYK. — Cnidus, Introd, lii. EYKAPnoZ.— Cos, 213. 6YKPAT.— Cos, 209, 211. EYK PATHS. — Rhodus, 241, 243, 246, 247. EYN. — Cnidus, Introd. lii. EYPOAEMOY. — Mylasa, 128. EYANHZ. — Rhodus, 254. EYPA[NH]P.-Cnidus,i''?i^/’ocZ.lii. PQV'?^ (?E{j0po)v). — Cnidus, In- trod. xlix. M^1S4>Y3, — Cnidus, 91. EY<1>PI1N. — Cnidus, 89. 302 INDEX IV. B. I- ZHNWN.—Tabae, 160. SHNIIN. — Aplirodisias and Pla- rasa, 271. ZHNI2N.— Ehodus, 261. iHNnN.— Eb-odus, 254, IHHHI/I. — Ehodus, 261. II2IAOZ.— Oos, 198, 200. ZGJIAOY. — Stratonicea, 148. H. HAIOAfl.— Cos, 207, 208. H PAT— Cos, 196. H PA roPAZ.— Ehodus, 254, H POAOTOZ.— Cos. 202. HPOAWPOZ.— Myndus, 134. HPn A HZ.— Cnidus, Introd, Hi. HMIZTinN XAPIHENOY. — Aphrodisias and Plarasa, Introd. xxsiv. O. 0 — A. — Ehodus? 249. OAPSYTAS.— Ehodus, 242, 243. O AY Ml. -Cos, 203. 0E.— Tahae, 160. OEOTNUTOZ (or QEYrNU TOZ?). — Cnidus, Introd. lii. OEOAOTOZ. — Myndus, 134,135. OEOAIILPOZ. — Myndus, 134. 0EOKAHZ.-Myndus, 137- • OEOZE. — Antiochia, Introd.xxsii, 0 EO A N HZ. — Cnidus, Introd. 1. 0EYAOT[OZ].— Cos, 203. OEYAOX[OZ] (irpocrranjs). — Cos, 206. OEYMEAflN.— Cnidus, 90, 272. Q EY4>A M [ I A AZ].— Cos, 207. [0]EYPnN.— Cnidus, 89, 272. KAAYMNIOZ.— Cos, 2l4. KAPNEIZKOZ. — Cnidus, 91, 93. KAICO. — Cnidus, 95. KHIS 0 An[P 0 S]. — Rhodus ? 249. KAEI . — Halicarnassus, 104, 106. KAEINIPPOZ. — Cnidus, 89. KAEINOZ.— Cos, 198. KAEITO<|>I2[N].— Cnidus, 92. KAEoZOENHZ. — Cnidus, In- trod. 1. KAEYMA.— Cos, 212. KAEI2- (irpooTTaTijs). — Cos, 206. KO.— Tabae, 161. KOABA. — Heapolis Myndiorum? 140. KPITOKAHZ.— Rhodus, 261. [K]THZIAZ.— lasus, 125. KTHToZ. — Caunus, 75. KYAOKAH[Z].— Cnidus, 91. A. AAEPTAZ.— Cos, 201. AAMTTI. — Halicarnassus, 105. [A]AMniAZ.— Cos, 203. AAMniToZ . — lasus, 124. AAMPIIN.— Cnidus, 87. [AAJXAPTOZ. — Cnidus, 93. AEI2N. — Stratonicea, 147, 150. AE[X2]N with [zn]Z[in]OAiz and XAPM I AHZ. — Attuda, 62. AEflNIAAZ. — Ehodus, 261. AOXOZ.— Cos, 207. AYKXIN. — Cos, 199 ; Antiochia, Introd. xxxii. [AY]ZHN ? — Ehodus, 246. M. M- — AlalDauda (Antiochia), 2. MAHZ. — Ehodus, 255. 304 INDEX IV. B. M — E. — Ehodus? 250. MEAA. — Myndus, 136. MEAAN. — Halicarnassus, 105. MEAANOIOZ. — Stratonicea, In- trod, Ixx. MEAANT.— Ebodus, 252. M E A E. — Antiochia, 14. MEN AN. — Antiochia, 15. MENANAPOC.— Apollonia Sal- bace, 54. M€N€K. — Halicarnassus, 109. M EN EKAHZ.— Alahanda (An- tiochia), 2, Introd. xxvii., xxviii. ; Stratonicea^ 147. MENEZOEYZ. — Alahanda (An- tiochia), 2, Introd. xxvii., xxviii, ] lasus, 124. MENEPI1N— Antiochia, 14. MENICKOY . — Antiochia, Introd. xxxii. MENOITIOC, — Stratonicea, 147. MENflN.— Cos, 208, 209. MHNOAOTOZ. — Alahanda^ In- trod. xxvii.; Myndus, 135, 136. MHNOAOTOZ ATEAAOY. — Aphrodisias and Plarasa, Introd. xxxiv. M H NOAflPoZ. — Ehodus, 255, 268. Ml. — Tahae, 161. M — I . — Ehodus ? 250. MIKYOOZ.— Cos, 202, 204. .-MJJCQN.— Cos, 200. MNAZIMAXoZ— Ehodus, 244, Introd. cix. M NAZI MAXOY.— Ehodus, 244. MNHMIIN — Ehodus, 255. Mol PIX[OZ].— Cnidus, 93. MOP0P0Z.— Ehodus, 255, NIKIAE (Trpoo-TaTTjs). — Cos, 206. N I KOAAOZ. — Stratonicea, 147. NIKOM.— Cos, 207. NIKOMH.— Cos, 212. NIKOZTP.— Cos, 207. N I KOZTPATOZ.— Cos, Introd. xov. N I KOr2N.— Ehodus, 261. NIKnN.— Cos, 198,206. magistrates’ names on autonomous coins. 305 — A. — Rhodnsl 249. HAirPEToZ.— Cos, 201, 202. EANGinnoZ.— Cos, 204. lEINOZ.— Cos, 208. EENOKPATH Z. — Aplirodidas, Introd.x's.xiv . ; Rliodus, 244,255. EENOKPATHZ ZENoKPA XOY. — Aphrodisias and Pla- rasa, Introd. xxxiv. ZENoMBPoToZ. — Cos, 198. i;ENOnN and i;€N04>WN. —Cos, 215. O. OAYM . . . ? — Halicarnassus, 106. ONAZANAPOZ- — Rliodus, 244. OP[Q]Aro?— Cos, 196. r. TT— A.— Rliodus ? 249, 250. HAI ? — Apollonia Salbace, 54. HANKMAOi: — Alabanda, Introd, xxviii. riANOAAHS. — Cnidus, 90. riANTA[l]NOZ. — lasus, 124. HA NT A A EUN.— Cnidus, 95. riAniAZ.— Tabae, 160. HAniAC KAAAinnoV. — ApoUonia Salbace, Introd. xxsvii. n A PM E.— Cos, 208. nAPMENIZK[oZJ.— Cos, 203. PAYSAN ?— Cos, 197. □ AYZANIAZ.— lasus, 125. nAYZIMAXoZ.— Cos, 202. n — E. — Rhodes 1 250. nEIZIKPATHZ.— Rhodus, 216, 247. rr E I Z 1 ZT P ATOZ.— Rhodus, 25 6 . TTEPITAZ. Rhodus, 256. no . • . . — lasus, 125. nOAE. — Euromus, 99. nOAITHC.— Ceramus, 77. POAYAPXOZ.— Cos, 198, 199 ; Introd. xciv. noAYAA.— Cos, 212. noAYX[APHZ?].— Cos, 212. noAYXACPMOZ?].— Cos, 197. nOCITTOV, see ZI2CIMOV. PPAZiANAZ.— Cos, 195. PflSTT. — Myudus, 136. riYOEAZ. — Straton icea, In- trod. Ixx. PYOinN.— Cos, 201. HYOIIIN nOAYKPATOY — Aphrodisias and Plarasa, In- trod. xxziv. nYOoKAHZ.— Cos, 212, 213. riYOflN.— Cnidus, 92. Z. ZATYPOZ- — Cos, 212 ; Rhodus, 26 2 ZO ( IttI) — Halicarnassus j 103. XO A [wv T\ — Ani-iocliia, hifro. xxxi. R R 306 INDEX IV. B. ZTAZinN.— Rhodus, 244, 246, 249, 266, Introd. cix. CT€ANOC.— Cos, 198, 200, Introd. xciv. ZTHZIOXOZ.— lasus, 125. ZTPATI2N.— Rhodus 1 249. ZYM M AXOZ.— Alabanda (An- tiochia), Introd. xxviii. ; Myn- dus, 136. CVMMAXOC— Myndus, 135. Z4>AIPOZ. — Rhodus, 261, 262. CHA ? — Halicarnassus, 109. ZnnAT.— Cos, 209. ZmroA[IZ]. — Rhodus, 247. ZI2ZANAPO[Z].— Rhodus, 256. ZnZOEN HZ.— Rhodus, 261,262. ZnZ I TEN HZ.— Cnidus, Introd. 1. SnSIKPATHS.— Rhodus, 247. SnSIMAX[ 0 S]. — Cnidus, In- trod. 1. [zn]Z[in]OAiz with xapmi AHZand AE[I2]N . — Attuda, 62. SnSISTPAToS.— Cos, 199. CnCT. — Myndus, 136. T. TE.— Rhodus, 250. TEIZYAOZ.— Rhodus, 242, 247, Introd. cix. TEA EAZ.— Cnidus, 91. TEAEAZ and "E. — Cnidus, In- trod. 1. TEAEZinnOZ.— Cnidus, 96. TEAEZKI>PnN. — Cnidus, In- trod. 1. [T]EA€CK|)[PnN].-Cnidus, 89. TEAECKI>PI2N and T.— Cnidus, Introd. 1. TIM or— Cos, 208. TIMoOEoZ. — Rhodus, 244. Tl Mo K A HZ. — Alabanda (An- tiochia), 1 ; Introd. xxvii. xxviii. TIMoKPA.— Rhodus, 252. TIMOAYKOZ.— Cos, 197. TIMOZENOZ.— Cos, 208; Rho- dus, 261. TIMoZTPAT[oZ]. — Ehodus^ 256. TIZAX.— Cos, 207. TPA.— Cnidus, 93. T V M A/ O . — T ermera, 176; Introd. Ixxviii, Y. Y— TT.— Ehodes ? 250. YYIKAHZ X AAPAZTOY: — Aphrodisias and Plarasa, Introd. xxxiv. 4> A N I AC K 1 0 A. — Stratonicea, Introd. Ixx. <|)APoZ.— Cauniis, 75. 4>|. — Rhodus, 250. 307 MAQISTEATES NAMES ON AUTONOMOUS COINS. <|>IA.— Cos, 195, 196. IAEnNIAAS-— Cos, 194. IAIST[OS].— Cos, 197, 198. IA0KPATHZ.— Rhodus, 256. l ATOPEN HZ. — Alabanda (An- tiocliia), Introd. xxviii. IAf2N. — Cos, 198; Rhodus, 256. IAa)N ?— Cos, 204. l AI2N I AAS-— Rliodus,235,236. [ ?] 1 M Tabae, 161. X. XAPIAA.— Cos, 212. XAPM. — Halicarnassus, 105. XAPMHN? — Halicarnassus, 107. XAPMIAHZwitb [Zn]Z[in]o AIZ and AE[ri]N . — Attuda, 62. XAPMYAOZ.— Cos, 213. xPYZiTmoz xPYzinnoY.— Aphrodisias and Plarasa, 271. XPYZOrONOZ — Alabanda (Antiochia), Introd. sxviii. XPYCoY . — StratoniceajJ^z^iw^.lxx. . .]AS1M[* • . ?) — Cos, 197. . .]AECCX[. • (MoSecrros ?). — Cos, 98. . .]KPATAAC (5zc).— Cnidus, 93. JAAKI2N. — Cnidus, In- trod, li. . .] MArOP[. . . ('Ep/Aayopas ?) , — Alabanda (Antiochia), 2. • • *]OKPAX[* . ($tXo/c/5anSas)- — Cnidus, 93. . .]PIAOX[. .? — Antiochia, 15. (308) INDEX lY.o. MAGISTRATES’ NAMES ON IMPERIAL COINS. A. ArAeeiNoY {(TTpa.), — Mamaea, Apollonia Salbace^ Intvod. xxxviii. AFAAOY. — Augustus^ Antiochia, 18; Ifitrod, sxxii, APAAOV^ KA- POVri (e7nju,eA.7^[^eVTOs]). — Domitian^ Antiocliia, 18; Intvod, xxxii. AAPACTOV, no. Al. Trapezopolis, 178. AAPACTOV, T. KA. APXmnOV (apxO* — Severus, Trape- zopolis, 179. AAPACTOV, T. K€ Z€YZIO€OV (cttI /. Domna, Trape- zopolis, 179. AOHNAFOPAZ. — Germanicus and Drusus, Tabae^ 167. A0HNArOPOY. — Imperial Times, Ilarpasa, 113. AN APON I K[05i] rOPriTTnoY. — Time of Augustus, Trapezopolis, 179. .... A ANAPI2NOC (em apX'(^).”’Alabanda, 4; Introd. xxx. ANTirONOY (ini). — Imperial Times, Rhodus, 263. ANTiriATPOY (ini).— Imperial Times, Rhodus, 263. ANTI2NI. See POYOY. AHSAAA (IttI ap[^ovT 09 ]). — Gallienus, Aplirodisias^ 49. AnOAAOAOTOX. — Augustus, Trapezopolis, 178. ATTOAAnNIANOV TTO. AIA. {i-wl 5px[°»'™s])-— Jmiior, Aplirodisias, 47 ; Inirod. xxxr. magistrates’ names on imperial coins. 309 ATTOAAWNIOC (t»tos ’A(jf>poSto-t€W ). — Augustus and Livia^ Aphrodisias, 29j 39, 40 ; Introd. xxxv. ATTOAAI2NIOZ ATTOAAI2N lOY. — Augustus, Heraclea Salbace, 118 ; Introd. Ivii. ATToAAflN lOZ KXIKOY. — Caligula, Apollonia Salbace, Introd. xxxvii. ATTOAAnNIOY {lirX). — Imperiiil Times, Rhodus, 264. AnOAAnNIOV CT. {S-px) . — Oaracalla and Oe.ta, Tabae, Introd. Ixxvii. APICT6AC KAAY . — Antoninus Pius, Stratoniceaj Introd. Ixxii., Ixxiv. APlCT€OY KAAYAIOY (eVt), — Imperial Times, Stratonicea, J/^- trod. Ixsiv. APICT€ATI {i7nfjLeX7)l_6iuTo ^^). — Imperial Times, Stratonicea, Inti\ Ixxiv, APICTEAC XI A? — Augustus, Stratonicea, /?z^r£?c?. Ixxi. APIZTO[rE]NHZ (l-n-irdpxyjs). — Augustus, AlabanJa, Introd. xxx. APICTOAAOC <1>A . — Antoninus Pius, Stratonicea, 1 54 ; Introd. Ixxi. APHAA . — Trajan, Halicainassns, 110. APPI. See A. (apx*)‘ — Garacalla and Geta, Hali- carnassus and Cos, 112, AlOAO ( €7Tt a/)^[avTos ]). — GommoduSf Ceramus, 78. A I O M H AoY C, A A Y B I OY (i/^^^to-a/xevov). — Time of Trajan or Hadrian. Stratonicea, 153 j Introd. Ixxiii. AlOPlYCIOI/f, TB. KA. {iirl Tu)y 7T€pl). — Garacalla and Plautillaj Stratonicea, 158. AlONYClOY AYP. {krl). — stratonicea, Introd. Ixxiv. AIX2NOC TOV AIO<|)ANTOV {^PX-)' — Sept Severus and J. Domna^ Myndus, 139. AOM€CTIXOV, MAP AVP. (cTTt apx- y). — Oallienus, Tabae, 172—174. AOMNO. lOVAIA l€PoKA€oY (cti Trpv .'), — Garaccdla and Geta, Stratonicea, 159. E. EniTVrXANONTOC r A. AC[.]NA {Iwl ^PX*^) — Sept. Sevems and Domna, Stratonicea^ 155. MAAVCIOV T. AA. — Apbrodisias, 34. N. NIKA TOPAZ A A. — Augmtus, Cos, 216. NIKOCTPAToY (o-rpa.). — Caracalla, Apollonia Salbace, xxxviii. NIKoCTPAToY (eTTt), — Qeta, Apollonia Salbace, Introd. xxxviii. 314 INDEX IV, 0. 2ENOCON (Upevs). — Imperial Times, Cos, 215. ZePZHC €Vr€NST0)P ^'U0^^0^0T0'^.— Tiberius, Antiochia, Introcl, xxxii. o. OPOPlOY l€PWNOC (Sta). — Domitian, TaLae, 168, 169. OP. I€. (Sta ). — Time of Domitian, Tabae, 165. OVAIAAOV M. OVA. {^PX^)> — Caracalla and Flautilla, Alinda, 12 ; Introd. xsxi. OVA/,,, ///TOC, M. (ap;(.). — Caracalla and Plant ilia, Alinda, 12. n. n A II2N I oY. — Augustus, Antiochia, 18 ; Inirod. xxxii. riAMIA0C C€A€YKOY. — Vespasiariy Cidramus, Introd. xlvii, riANA. — Sep)t. Sevei^us, Apbrodisias and Ephesus, 53. TTOA€MflN C€A€YKOY. — Hero, Cidramus, 81; Int 7 'od. xlvii. TTOA€MI2NOC (S/A [riav<^tA.ou KatJ). — Antoninus Pius, Cidramus, 82. nOAVA. See PoV4>OV. riYOEAZ [2A]B€ I N I ANO[YJ. — Augustus — Domitian? Stratonicea, 151. HYSON iKoZ. — Augustus, Cos, 217. HYSoNIKOZ TIM 0 .Z.EN 0 Y. — Augustxis, 217. MAGISTBATES’ NAIIES ON IMPERIAL COINS. 315 P. PoY[.^ OV ] KAAYAI- (oTTpa.). — M. Aurelius, Apollonia S.ilbace, In- trod, xxxvii. P 0 YOKAHZ TIMOZENOY. — Augustus, Cos, 216. CTPATONIKOV (eVi o.p)(J). — Trajan Beeius, Aphrodisias, 48 ; In- trod. XXXV. CVNAPXIA AN[TIOXEO)N] MKO'^ -—Augustus, Antiochia, 18. QVNAPXIA A[NTIJOXEf2N HAinNIOY. Augustus, Antiuchia, 18. T. T€IMOO€OY (ettI opxovTG^). — Impevicd Times, Hyllaiima, 123 ; In- trod, Iviii. T€IMOO€OY, A. ( en-i o'Tp.). — Hadrian, Apollonia Salbaco, Intr. xxxvii. TEIMOETPATOY (rap.Ca). — Imperial Times, Rliodiis, 265. T.KT. EHI EYHOAEITA. — Imperial Times, Cnidus, 97. TXIH 1T€P[1] TB. KA. AlOMYClOH (eVI).— C amcaZ/a and Plan- tilla, Straionicea, 158. 316 INDEX XV. 0. Y. YBPEOY (ypa/x/xarcuop'ros) . — Augustus^ Mylasa, 130, . <[>AINIAA (evrl). — Imperial Times, Rhodus^ 265. 4^1 AO* (^AocTTpaTov ?) (cTTt (jTpaJ). — Oarcicallci, Stratonicea, 157. 4>IAX2[NOC]. See €niTVrXANONTOC 4>AABIAC (Sm tcpias). — Time of Sept. Seoerus, AttuJa, 64. <|)AABIAC APPI. KA. (8ia Upe/os). — S^t. Severus, Attuda, 67. XAPEINOY (ett-I ). — Imperial Times, Rliodus, 265. XAPMIAHC N€IKOCTPAT. (cTTparT^yaiv) . — Hadrian to the Aii- tonines, Apollonia Salbace, 56. XAPMYAOS B* — Augustus, Cos, 216. A AN. T€OV(?) (eTTi). — Sept. Severus and J. Domna, Strato- iiicea, 157. NIOC. r. 0I — Tabae, 167. A K M (countermai'k) . — Aphrodisias, 29. AN€OHKA. — iTeapolis Aurelia, loniae, Introd. Ixvi. ANEQHKE APOAEI ElEXiN T. K. ZHAoE. — Aphrodisias, 30, 35, 42. ANE(V€) APOAEICIEnN T. K. ZHAOE lEPEYE ETT I N I K 1 0 N . — Aphrodisias, 41, 42. AN€0H(«£) APoAICI€nN M[€NinnoC]. — Aphrodi- sias, 43. ANEOHKEN 0AAZTOZ.— M3dasa, 130. AN€G€C(av) APOAICI€HN MENinnOC KAI SH N N . — Aphrodisias, 44. AN€0(^k 6) A4>PoAICI€HN Tl. KA. SHNHN APXI€. AP XIN60K. — Aphrodisias, 44. ANTIOX6IA. — Antiochia ad Maeandrum, 18. APX. r A. AHMHTPloY, I O V A. — Halicarnassus and Cos, 112. APX. AinNOC TOY AlO ANTOV.— Mylasa, 139. APXHC M€N6KPATOVC— Cos, 220. APXIATPOC.— Heraclea Sal- bace, 120. AZKAAniO[Z].— Cos, 214. AT6A6IAC.— Alabanda, 4. AT€A€IOC. — Alabanda, 4. A TT A A H A. — Aphrodisias, 3 7, 38, 47. A4>P0A€ICI(€W) ANTIOXe HN AHMOl OMONOIA. . — Aphrodisias and Antiochia, 53. REMARKABLE INSCRIPTIONS. 319 APOA€ICIAC €€COC O M O N O I A. — AphrodisiaSj 53. B. B€ A. — Stratonicea, 153. BOVAH. — Autiocliia^ 15; Apliro- disias, 34; Tabae, 166; Trape- zopolis_, 177, r. r O PA I A N HA. — ApbrodisiaSj37, 38, 47, 50. rPAMMATEVoNToC VBP EOV. — M^dasa, 130, A. AH MOC. — Autiocbia, 16; Aphro- diyias, 29, 30, 33, 38 ; Apollo- iiia Salbace, 56 ; Afctuda, 63 — 65; Ilarpas^ 113, 114; II era- clea Salbace, 117 ; Sebasto- polis, 146 ; Stratonicea, 153 ; Tabae, 165; Trapezopolis, 177. AIA MENinnOYYIOY HO A€OC.— Attada, 66. AIA AABIAC lEPIAC — Attuda, 64. AIA KA. 4>AAB!AC APPI. I€P€!AC. — Attuda, 67. AIA [C€A€YKOY] TTOAEMn NOC.— Cid ramus, 83. AIA OP0PIOY lEPOlNOC. —Tabae, 165, 168, 169. AIA T. (|>A. MAAVCIOV.— Trapezopolis, 177. AIA M. KAAYAIANOY.— Trapezopolis, 178. AIA no. Al. AAPACTOY — Trapezopolis, 178. AIAPAXMON. — Rbodus, 267, 269, 270; Inlrocl. cxvii. AP (comilermark). Attuda, 64. AY(?)~ AA.— Rbodus(?), 249. E. €!EPA BOVAH. — Apbrodisias, 31, 32, 36. EIPANA.— Cos, 216. € A€ V0[€POC] AH M OC — Apbrodisias, 38. €ni AlOAO. A PH. — Ceramus, 78. eni T€IMO0€OY APXON TOC- — Hyllarima, 123. €TTI KANAIAOY TP. t A. 1^'eapolis ad Harpasum, 142. ETTI TAM I A, &C, — Rbodus, 264. €□ I M€(/VeVros '?) pOYOY nOAVA- ANTIINI.— Attuda, 67. EYPOAEMOY. — Mylasa, 128. 320 INDEX VII. z Z[€VC] BOVAAIOC. — An- tiochia, 16. z€vc KAnernAioc.— An- tiocliia, 19 — 21. zevc AVAIOC.- -Cidramus, 81 . H H[P]A . — Antiochia, 20, H PAKAI A. — Heraclea Salbace, 118. . o. GA — EA. -Ehodus? 249. G€A [Pn]MH. — Alabaiula, 4. 0EOZ ZEBASTOS. — Aphro- disias, 40. G EO V (countermark). — Strato- nicea, 155 sqq. I. lACOC KTICTHC. — lasus, 126. lePA BO VAH.— Antiochia, 15,^ 17; Aphrodisias, 31, 32, 35, 36 ; Apollonia Salbace, 56 ; Attuda, 66 ; Bargasa, 70 ; tieraclea Salbace, 116; Trapc- zopolis, 177. i€PA repovciA . — Antiochia, 17, 18. I€ PA CVN KAHTOa — An- tiochia, 17 ; Aphrodisias, 30, 33 — 35, 37 ; Apollonia Sal- bace, 56 ; Attuda, 65 ; Cidra- mus, 81 ; Heraclea Salbace, 117; Sebastopolis, 146; Strato- nicea, 152. lEPEYZ AHMOY.— Plarasaand Aphrodisias, 26. lEPEYZ EHINIKION ANE- (^TjKe). — 'Aphrodisias, 41, 42. I € PoC AH MoC. — Aphrodisias, 31 ; Tabae, 166. INA€I ©€A PUMH-Strato- nicea ad Caicum, Introd, Ixxii. IN A. 0€OC CYNKAHToC. Stratonicea ad Caicum, In- trod. Ixxiii. INA€I CTPATON6I— Strato- nicea ad Caicum, Introd. Ixxii. K. I* KATTETHAIA. — Aphrodisias, 47. KAn€TnAI(a) nV0IA.— Aph- rodisias, 51, 51. KE TTA B. — Tabae, 160 (iiote). KET TA.— Tabae, 160. KOABA. — Neapolis Myndiorum, 140. KTICTHC. — Antiochia, 23. RBMABKABLE INSCRIPTIONS. 321 M. MAIANAPOC. — ^Antiochia, 16, 19. M€ANAPOC.— Antiochia, 22. ME— I.— HbodusO), 250, MHN KAPOV.— Attiida, 65. MoPCVNOC. — Antiochia, 16. N. N€A 0€A HPA.— Alabanda, 12. NEAPloAl MYN? — Neapolis Myndiorura (1), 140. N60IC. — Heraclea Salbaoe, 120. NIKIAZ.— Cos, 213. 2ENO(|>nN.— Cos, 21.5. i:€NO(|>a)N [l]GP€Y[C]. — Cos, 215. o O AAMOC.— Cos, 215. OIKOVMGNIKOC. — Aphrodi- sias, 50, 51. OMONOiA. — Aphrodisias and Ephesus, 53 ; Aphrodisias and Antiochia, 53 ; Halicarnassus and Cos, 112. n. riA — As. — Rhodusl 250. n A— S R .— Ehodus ? 249. TTA — ZA. — Ehodus? 249. □ E— WA-— Ehodusl 250. TTOAIC.— Attuda, 63. nPOXTA(T7,s).— Cos, 206. nPilTON APZ(a9l)-— Ceramus, 78. TTV0IA. — Aphrodisias, 50, 51. P. POAIOI Ynsp THN CSBAC TUN. — Bhodus, 267 ; Introd. cxvii. Z. CT. ATTAAOC APXIA TPOC.- - llcraclea Salbace, 120 . [%Y]N(fxaxu<6v). — Cnidus, 88, LYNAPXIA. — Antiochia, 18. T T 322 INDEX VII, CVNKAHTOC. — Aphrodisias^, 31, 35 ; Orthosia, 144. ZYNKAHTOZ. — Orthosia, 144. CVNKAHTOC INAI. CTPA. Stratonicea ad Caicum, 154; Introd. Issli. CClZXlN- — ^Antiocliia, 16; Aphro- disias, 39. T. TAMIA, &c. — Rhodus, 264, 265. TEPMEPIKON. — Terrnera, 176. T H n AT P I A I . — Aphrodisias, 43 . TIM€AHC. — Aphrodisias, 29. T.K.T. EHI EYHOAEITA.— Cnidus, 97. TVMNO. — Terrnera, 176. TI2N nCPI M€N€C©€A ICOBOVNON ( iirl ap)^6v- Twv). — ^Aphrodisias, 4r3 — 46. TX2H n€P[l] TB. KA. Alo HVCIOM( irn) . — Stratonicea, 158. [TX2N TTPOZ] MAIANAPn. — Antiochia, 16. Y. YIOC APOAICI€nN.— Aph- rodisias, 39, 40. YlOY TT0A60C— Attuda, 66. YTT— Ml.— Rhodus? 260. S'. 'PHICAM€NoY AAYBIOY AloMHAoYC. — Stratonicea, 153. ( 323 ) TABLE FOR CONVERTING ENGLISH INCHES INTO MILLIMETRES THE MEASURES OF MIONNET’S SCALE. ( 324 ) TABLE ■ OP The Eelative 'Weights of English Grains and Eebnoh Grammes. Grains. Grammos. Grains. Gramme 1 •064 41 2-656 2 •129 42 2-720 3 •194 43 2-785 i •259 44 2*850 5 •324 45 2-915 6 •388 46 2-980 7 •453 47 3-045 8 •518 48 3-110 9 •583 49 3-175 10 •648 50 3-240 11 •712 51 3-304 12 •777 52 3-368 13 •842 53 3-434 14 •907 54 3-498 15 •972 55 3-564 16 1-036 56 3-628 17 MOl 57 3-693 18 1-166 58 3*758 19 1*231 . 59 3-823 20 1*296 60 3-888 21 1-360 61 3-952 22 1-425 62 4-017 23 1-490 63 4-082 24 1-555 64 4-146 25 1-620 65 4-211 26 1-684 66 4*276 27 1-749 67 4-341 28 1-814 68 4-406 29 1*879 69 4-471 30 1-944 70 4*536 31 2-008 71 4*600 32 2-073 72 4*665 33 2-138 73 4*729 34 2-202 74 4-794 35 2-267 75 4*859 36 2-332 76 4-924 37 2*397 77 4-989 38 2-462 78 5-054 39 2-527 79 5-119 40 2-592 80 5-184 Grains. Grammes. Grains. Grammes. 81 5-248 121 7*840 82 5-312 122 7-905 83 5-378 123 7-970 84 5-442 124 8-035 85 5-508 125 8-100 86 5-572 126 8-164 87 5-637 127 8-229 88 5-702 128 8-294 89 5-767 129 8*359 90 5*832 130 8-424 91 5*896 131 8-488 92 5*961 132 8-553 93 6 026 133 8*618 94 6-091 134 8*682 95 6 156 135 8-747 96 6*220 136 8-812 97 6-285 137 8*877 98 6-350 138 8*942 99 6*415 139- 9*007 100 6-480 140 9*072 101 6-544 141 9-136 102 6*609 142 9-200 103 6*674 143 9-265 104 6 739 144 9-330 105 6-804 145 9-395 106 6*868 146 9*460 107 . 6*933 147 9*525 108 6*998 148 9-590 109 7*063 149 9-655 110 7-128 150 9-720 111 7-192 151 9-784 112 7*257 152 9-848 113 7-322 153 9-914 114 7-387 154 9*978 115 7*452 155 10*044 116 7*516 156 10-108 117 7*581 157 10-173 118 7*646 158 10*238 119 7*711 159 10-303 120 7*776 160 10*368 * ( 325 ) Grains, Grammes. IGrains. Grammes 164 ]65 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 10*432 10*497 10*562 10*626 10*691 10*756 10*821 10*886 10*951 11*016 11*080 11*145 11*209 11*274 11*339 11*404 11*469 11*534 11*599 11*664 11*728 11*792 11*858 11*922 11*988 12*052 12*117 12*182 12*247 12*312 12*376 12*441 12*506 12*571 12*636 12*700 12*765 12*830 12*895 12*960 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 231 235 236 237 238 239 240 13*154 13*219 13*284 13*348 13*413 13*478 13*543 13*608 13*672 13*737 13*802 13*867 13*932 13 996 14*061 14*126 14*191 14*256 14*320 14 385 14*450 14*515 14*580 14*644 14 709 14*774 14*839 14*904 14*968 15*033 15*098 15*162 15*227 15*292 15*357 15*422 15*487 15*552 Grains. Grammes. 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 15*616 15*680 15*745 15 810 15*875 15*940 16*005 16*070 16*135 16*200 16*264 16*328 16*394 16*458 16*524 16*588 16 653 16*?18 16-783 16*848 16*912 16*977 17*042 17*106 17*171 17*236 17*301 17*366 17*431 17*496 17*560 17*625 17*689 17*754 17*819 17*884 17*949 18*014 18*079 18*144 Grains, Grammes. 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 580 590 600 700 800 900 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 18*79 19*44 20*08 20*73 21*38 22*02 22*67 23*32 23*97 24*62 25*27 25 92 26*56 27*20 27*85 28*50 29*15 29*80 30 45 31*10 31*75 32*40 33*04 33*68 34*34 34*98 35*64 36*28 36*93 37*58 38*23 38*88 45*36 51*84 58-32 64*80 129 GO 194*40 259*20 324'00 liONDOX: PRINTED BY GILBERT AND RIVINGTON, LIMITED, ST. JOHN*S HOUSE, CLERKENWELL, ALabo-nda. (AntLochLa) B.C. 197-189 Alab-anda APterfi C. 168 ALA BANDA CARIA ETC. PL. IV m perLa L ANTIOCHIA f; i- C A R 1 A ETC. PL. VI. I m perlaL Times APHRODISI AS . CARI A ETC, PL.VII. APHRODISI AS . CARIA ETC. PL.Y.1II. APHRODISIAS . '•w'S.-' APOL CARIA ETC. PL. X. 9 Attuda. 1®^ Cent. B. C. Attuda Imperial Time ASTYRA, ATTUDA CAUNUS, CERAMUS CAR I A ETC. PL.XIll Ci.drarnas. ImperLaL CAR I A ETC. PL. XIV. B. C. Al 2 - AO 0 B. C. AOO-390 CNIDUS. CARiA ETC. PL. XV. CNIDUS. CARIA ETC, PL. XVI. I m pe tLolL CNIDUS Eu.romu.s. I rn perLaL TLme E ixrom u,S CARIA ETC. PL.XYIII M s» C A R I A LTC. PL. XX. Hydusus. L‘ Cent.B.C SaLb ace I rn p. T i rn eS- HeracLea- 2 I m p. Times HER ACLEA-SALB ACE, HYDISUS, HYLLARiMA. CAR I A ETC. PL.XXll . MyncLixs. Imperial. 3 My Lasa I m p e r L (X L M YLASA M YN D U S . CAR 1 A ETC. PL.XXlll NEAPOLIS, ORTHOSIA, SEBASTOPO SIR ATOM i CEA CAR I A ETC. PL. XXIV ST RATON ICEA CAR I A ETC, PL. XXV. TA B A E . CAR! A ETC. PL. XXVII. TrcLpezopolLS- Imp. Times TERMLRA, T R A P E ZO P 0 L I S . CA R I A ETC. PL, XXVIII. Hekcttomnixs B.C 395~377 M (XLLSO Ills . B,C.377“353 HLclrLeuLS. B.C. 353“344 Pixotlarus. B.C. 340-334 SATRAPS OF CARIA. C A R I A ETC. PL. XXIX AslypnU(cn 3 Cen t. B.C Astypcilciea 2'.":' Cent. B.C a eti , I Cent. B.C 3 '.'I' Cent. B.C Postd i u in ASTYPALAEA, CALYMNA, CARPATHOS C A R I A ETC.PL. XXX . COS C A R I A ETC. PL.XXXU N i k i a.s B.C.50- Aucju.strus fc/ -■■ fj jXsii cos. CA R 1 A ETC, PL. XXXIV N Ls V ros C i.rc. 3 50 Cami-rixs 600-500 8.C MEGISTE. NISYROS, CAMIRUS C A R I A ETC. PL. XXX.V. laLysus 500~408 B.C, M — - W s S' Lindas 60 0 ■'50 0 B.C. /R 10 Lindas 500-408 B.C. IALYSU5, LINDUS. CAR I A ETC. PL. XXXVI. RH 0 D U S . C ARIA ETC, PL. XXXIX Rhodas 304-166 B.C I rn that Lons 304-166 B.C IrnLtaHons 304-I6GB.C Rhod.u.s 304-166 B.C R hod. us 189—166 B.C R H 0 D U S ETC C AR I A ETC, PL, XL, 166 -88 B.C RHODU S . PL.XLI C A R I A ETC.PL.XLII RH OD U S CARI A ETC.PL.XLIir. RH ODU S . CARiA etc.PL.XLTV A p h rocLLs Lets — E phes tts A p h rocLLs La s — A n tLoc h La HaLLcarnassus — Setrnos HaLLcarnctssas— Cos CARI A-ALLI ANCE COINS C A R I A ETC. PL.XLV. COINS NOT INTHE BRIT. MUS.