52d Congress, ) HOUSE OF EEPRESENTATIYES. ( Ex. Doc. 1st Session. \ \ l^o. 29. re JAMAICA BAY, NEW YOEK. LETTER FROM THE Amm SECRETARY OF WAR, TRANSMITTING, With a letter from the Chief of Engineers^ report of the examination and survey of Jamaica Bay^ New York, January 5, 1892. — Referred to the Committee on Rivers and Harbors and ordered to be printed. War Depart^hent, Washington^ December 8, 1891. Sir: I have the honor to inclose, herewith, a letter from the Chief of Engineers dated November 20, 1891, together with eoi)ies of reports from Lieut. Col. G. L. Gillespie, Corps of Engineers, dated December 16, 1890, and October 29, 1891, of a preliminary examination and sur- vey for canS.1 from main channel from Jamaica Bay easterly to Long- Beach Inlet, New York, and on survey of eastern part of Jamaica Bay, New York, made by him in compliance with the provisions of the river and harbor act of September 19, 1890. Yery respectfully, L. A. Grant, Acting Secretary of War, The Speaker of the House of Eepresentatives, Office of the Chief of Engineers, United States Army, Washington^ D. 0., November 20, 1891. Sir : I have the honor to submit herewith, in compliance with the provisions of the river and harbor act approved September 19, 1890, copy of report of Lieut. Col. G. L. Gillespie, Corps of Engineers, dated December 16, 1890, on preliminary examination for canal from main channel from Jamaica Bay easterly to Long Beach Inlet, New York ; and copy of report, with map, of Lieutenant-Colonel Gillesi)ie, dated October 29, 1891, on survey of eastern part of Jamaica Bay, New York, H. Ex, 30 1 2 JAMAICA BAY, NEW YORK. For tlie reasons given in the report on tlie preliminary examination, only the western portion of the waterway mentioned in the act is con- sidered worthy of improvement. The improvement proposed contem- plates the excavation of a navigable water-way, 60 feet wide and 5 feet deep at mean low water, from Beach Channel to some point on the eastern shore of Jamaica Bay. Three routes, with estimates, are sub- mitted as follows : 1. From Beach Channel, through Conch Hole, to Citizens Cut at Far Rocka- way $21,406 2. From Beach Channel, through Bass Channel, to Citizens Cut at Far Rocka- way 18, 920 3. From Beach Channel, through Bass Channel, to eastern shore of Jamaica Bay, near foot of Bays water avenue 9, 460 In connection with the Conch Hole route, Lieutenant-Colonel Gilles- pie states — If an appropriation he made for making an artificial waterway through the east- ern part of Jamaica Bay, along the Conch Hole route, the act should provide that the money shall not become available until after the right of way over such parts as lie above high water shall have been ceded to the Government free of charge. Yery respectfully, your obedient servant, Thos. Lincoln Casey, Brig, Gen., Chief of Engineers, Hon. Eedfield Proctor, Secretary of War. PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION FROM MAIN CHANNEL FROM JAMAICA BAY EASTERLY TO LONG BEACH INLET, NEW YORK, FOR CANAL. Engineer Office, U. S. Army, New lorkj JSf. F., December 16, 1890. General: In obedience to letter of the Chief of Engineers dated September 20, 1890, I have the honor to submit the following report upon the preliminary examination " From Main Channel from Jamaica Bay, New York, easterly to Long Beach Inlet, for canal," for which provision is contained in the river and harbor act approved Septem- ber 19, 1890. I made a personal examination of the locality October 22, 1890, ac- companied by Mr. J. L. B. Norton and other prominent citizens residing in the vicinity, and was fully informed by them of the purposes of the survey. The lands along the southern shore of Long Island are being rapidly converted into sites for private residences, some of which are used the year round by the owners, and also for large summer hotels sur- rounded by cottages which furnish accommodations during the sum- mer season for numbers of persons from New York City and neighbor- ing cities, as well as from a distance. These improvements are accompanied by large material interests of a permanent character, resulting in the formation of numerous small towns which draw their supplies fi-om New York City, Brooklyn, and elsewhere, and which are principally dependent upon the Long Island Eailw^y for transportation. The advocates of the survey claim that the railway rates of transpor- tation are excessive, and that a great relief would be given to them from these exactions if the waterways through Jamaica Bay, liockaway JAMAICA BAY, NEW YORK. 3 Inlet, and the Great South Bay vv^ere improved so that supplies could be delivered at Arverne, Far J^ockaway, Lawrence, and other small towns adjacent, independently of the railroad. The subject of inland navigation along the south shore of Long Island was discussed by Lieut. Col. Walter McFarland, Corps of En- gineers, in a report submitted to the Chief of Engineers, December 31, 3886 (Annual Report Chief of Engineers, 1887, p. 754), in compliance with river and harbor act of August 5, 1886, which provided for a survey for a "channel between Jamaica Bay and Rockaway Inlet." Colonel McFarland states in his report that the survey of 1886 had for its object the determination of "the cost of opening an inner line of water communication for boats of light draft from the Great South Bay on the south side of Long Island to Jamaica Bay west of it by means of a cut through the narrow neck of land (Far Eockaway) which separates these bays," and shows that if the project contemplated by the survey were carried out, it would not provide for a navigable passage through Jamaica and South baj s for the reason that those bays had many other shoals east and west of the termini of the proposed cut, "between which the channels are so shallow, narrow, and tortuous that they may be considered practically unnavigable," and that a navigable water- way which would meet the alleged commercial necessities of South Bay and Jamaica Bay could not be estimated for except on a survey extend- ing from Patchogue to Jamaica Bay, a distance of 45 miles. The water conditions to-day are practically the same as in 1886. The entrance to Jamaica Bay is through Eockaway Inlet, between Coney Island and Eockaway Beach. The depth of water on the bar is 12 J to 13 feet mean low water, but inside the bar there is good anchorage for vessels drawing 25 feet of water as far eastward as the western entrance to Beach Channel, which leads to the new town of Arverne, on Eockaway Beach, 1 mile to the east- ward of the Old Eockaway Hotel. Thence the water shoals to 5 feet, mean low water, at the western entrance to Conch Hole on the approach to the Citizens Cut|at Far Eockaway, which leads into Far Eockaway Bay. From the eastern entrance to Conch Hole to the western entrance to the Far Eockaway Cut, a distance of one-half mile approximately, the bed of the bay is bare at low tide. The mean range of tides in Ja- maica Bay is 4J feet, approximately. The Long Beach Inlet is a small and unimportant water way be- tween Shelter Island and Long Beach, connecting Broad Channel at the western end of Hempstead Bay with the ocean, and is known upon the charts as East Eockaway Inlet or Hog Inlet (Coast Survey Chart No. 119). The depth on the bar at mean low water is about 5 feet. Passing to the eastward around the network of islands of varying size which largely compose Hempstead Bay, and which at low tide are separated by small drains or threads of water impracticable of improve- ment at reasonable cost for any except very small boats, no continuous channel for 5 feet depth at mean low water is found until Great South Bay is reached, opposite Babylon, a distance of 20 miles in an air line. As the act of September 19, 1890, fixes the eastern terminus of tbe examination at Long Beach Inlet, no improvement through Hempstead Bay, which has reference to a larger and more important inland naviga- tion through the Great South Bay, seems contemplated. The two principal bodies of water at the western end of the south shore of Long Island, separated from the ocean by beaches, wliich can be profitably used for commercial purposes, are Jamaica Bay and Great South Bay; the entrance to the former, at Eockaway Inlet, is 18 miles, 4 JAMAICA BAY, NEW YORK. and to tiie latter, at Fire Island Inlet, is 50 miles fronj Kew York, by- way of the Narrows. They have no direct navigable intercommunica- tion, as I have shown, and if one were made artificially it would be over 30 miles long and would be of uncertain maintenance and utihty. Any canal of shorter length than 30 miles would be of no practical value, and it is not believed that an ultimate improvement so extensive and costly was contemplated by the act under which this report is made. The examination desired has, therefore, only a local bearing. Eocka- way Beach and its eastern continuation. Far Eockaway Beach, is part of the mainland, which has only lately been made an island by the small artificial cut at Far Eockaway, and the bay of Far Eockaway is but a shoal lagoon, which is filled and emptied by tides passing through Little Inlet and East Eockaway Inlet, with a slight increment coming through the cut. Little Inlet, which opens into Far Eockaway Bay, is hardly more than a low depression in the beach, and its tendency is to shoal up the lagoon of which it is a partial outlet. The personal examination which I havemade on the ground and a care- ful study of the latest charts lead me to think that it will be imprac- ticable to open or to maintain, if opened, a fairly good navigable chan- nel, if such were needed, through Far Eockaway Bay, except at a cost disproportionate to the benefit to be derived from it, owing to its great exposure to inroads from the sea. The covering beach is low and nar- row and shows evidence of old breaches through it other than those which now exist, and it is not at all certain that the western end has not been seriously damaged by tidal currents propagated through the artificial cut at Far Eockaway. For this reason I shall discard any consideration of this part of the subject. It alone remains to consider the connection between Jamaica Bay and Far Eockaway. The persons whom I have seen in relation to it or who have sent written statements for my information and study all unite in testi- fying that the improvement most urgently needed, and to which refer- ence was mainly intended to be made by the act, is the excavation of a small canal less than one-half mile long, 50 feet wide and 5 feet deep, mean low water, extending from the eastern end of Conch Hole, Jamaica Bay, to the artificial cut at Far Eockaway, to the end that sup- plies of coal, lumber, cement, brick, hardware, feed, and general arti- cles of merchandise may be delivered to the growing communities ac- cessible to Far Eockaway free from the excessive taxation for trans- portation now imposed by the Long Island Eailroad. It is estimated (inclosures herewith) that the tonnage of such a canal would exceed 500,000 tons annually and that the saving on freight to the citizens would be $500,000 annually. These figures seem high and I give them as they have been furnished to me with the remark that if the tonnage equals one-fourth the estimate the cost of opening the de- sired water way will be justifiable. If this improvement be made it will be as practicable to reach Far Eockaway at high tide with vessels drawing 9 feet of water as it now is to reach Oanarsie and Sheepshead Bay, whose channels have been im- proved by Government aid. For the foregoing reasons I am of the opinion that the water way "from main channel from Jamaica Bay, Kew York, easterly to Long Beach Inlet for canal," is not " worthy of improvement." The eastern part of Jamaica Bay from the main ship channel easterly through Conch Hole to the Citizens Cut at Far Eockaway, which forms the western part of the water way mentioned in the act, is worthy of improvemeut^' to the extent of opening a canal 60 feet wide, affording 5 JAMAICA BAY, NEW YORK. 6 feet depth at mean low water. The estimated cost of making the nec- essary survey and preparing charts and estimates of cost is $400. Yery respectfully, your obedient servant, G. L. Gillespie, Lieut Col, of Engineers. Brig. Gen. Thomas L. Casey, Chief of Engineers^ U, 8. A. LETTERS OF MR. JOHN L. B. NORTON. (1.) Far Rockaway, Long Island, N. Y., Octoler 24, 1890. Dear Sir: In regard to my application for opening canal passed in the last river and harbor bill, I would suggest that the said canal commence at channel of Jamaica Bay and extend easterly through Nortons Creek to Rockaway Inlet, thence easterly to East Rockaway Inlet. The proposed route is about 5 miles, of which about 4 miles already has a depth of water of from 5 to 14 feet, and by connecting 1 mile through Jamaica Bay to Inlet would give water connection for the 5 miles. I would also suggest that the work commence at the creek, working westerly to main channel, having good water there, which is now a depth of 11 feet at low tide. I would also s uggest that the canal be 50 feet wide and have a depth of 5 feet at low water. The current will deepen and widen the same. The course of the. cur- rent is from the creek westerly to Bass Channel. Inclosed you will find benefits to be derived by shippers. For the oyster and clam trade I refer you to reports made by P. N. Davenport and others. There are 200 registered vessels in Jamaica Bay, most of whom would use canal if opened, the 1 mile from Jamaica Bay to Inlet. The cost to consumers of coal here now is $6.50 to $7 per ton. The coal costs at coal pockets, Jersey City, $3.50, and if transported by water in barges without transferring could be shipped at a very small figure, about 25 or 30 cents per ton, and could be sold here at $5 per ton if canal were opened, making a saving of $2 per ton to con- sumers, and other material in proportion. Yours respectfully, John L. B. Norton. Lieut. Col. G. L. Gillespie. # (2.) Far Rockawat, Long Island, N. Y. Dear Sir : In reply to yours, I hereby send you a list of shipments. Present cost. Cost by water route. To Arverne : Lumber, 20,000 tons, at $1.90 per ton Bricks, 25,000. at $1.80 per M Lime and cement. 4.000 barrels, at 16 cents per barrel Flour and feed, 200 tons, at $1.60 per ton ." Hay, 200 tons, at $1.80 per ton Soil for highway and private roadways. 30,000 tons, at 80 cents per ton Hardware and sundries, 1.000 tons, at $2 per ton Coal, 3,000 tons, at $1 per ton 500 passengers per day for 90 days, 45,000, at 70 cents round trip To Far Rockawav : Lumber, 250.000 tons, at $1.90 per ton Bricks, 80,000, at $1.80 per M Lime and cement, 75. 000 tons, , at $1.60 per ton Flour and feed, 50,000 tons, at $1.50 per ton Hay, 25,000 tons, at $1 80 per tns, at $1 p^r ton 4,000 passengers per day for 90 days, 360, 000, at 70 cents round trip Present cost Cost by water route Saving to shippers $38, 000 45, 000 640 320 360 24, 000 2, 000 3, 000 31,500 I 475.000 144, 000 120, 000 75. 000 45, 000 30. 000 30, 000 30, 000 252, 000 1, 345. 820 I 792, 300 $20, 000 25, 000 400 200 200 15. 000 1, 500 1.500 22, 500 250, 000 80, 000 75. 000 50, 000 25, 000 21, 000 20. 000 15. 000 180, 000 792, 300 553, 520 6 JAMAICA BAY, NEW YORK. This freight has increased 100 per cent in the last three years. Freight, such as lumber, etc., can be shipped at Buffalo or Albany direct, without breaking bulk for $2 per ton. Yours, truly, John L. B. Norton. Lieut. Col. G. L. Gillespie. (3.) Sir : Inclosed you will find number of tons of various articles shipped to the fol- lowing places during the fiscal year 1890 : Arverne : Tons- G. A. Brandeth, lumber and builders' material 250 Remington Vernam, lumber, etc 3, 750 Stone and soil for public roads 50, 000 Miscellaneous 3, 120 57,120 Number of guests at Arverne Hotel during summer, 21,000. Far Rockaway : William A. Wynn, meats, etc 295 Exports 520 Martin F. Croft, coal and wood 3, 000 Thomas Dolan, coal and wood. 3, 000 Grain, flour, and feed 10, 000 S. H. Norton, coal and wood 6, 000 Miscellaneous 108, 105 130, 920 About 451,801 passengers during the year to and from the city. Inwood : F. Davenport & Son, general groceries 750 M. J. Furman, meats, etc 150 John R. Duftus, vegetables, etc 50 . George W. Smith, general groceries 750 Oysters taken by wagons that would be shipped by canal 1, 000 (See P. N. Davenport, report of October 10, 1890.) Shipped from this place 10, 000 Miscellaneous 500 13, 200 Lawrence : John H. Smith, builders' material 2, 000 J. A. Wood & Son, builders' material 2, 200 Iron piping, plumbing materials, etc 500 J. R. Wood & Son, builders' material 250 Manure, etc 200 5, 150 Three hundred passengers daily. Cedarhurat and Woodsburg : F. H. Weyant, coal and wood 3, 000 F. A. Darling, general groceries ^, F. K. Walsh, hardware, etc 250 Lumber.......... , -- 6,280 11,530 JAMAICA BAY, NEW YORK. 7 East Rockaway: Freight carried by vessels : Tons. Lumber, lime, brick, cement 144, 865 Grain, flour, and feed 120 Coal 5,000 Hardware 50 Manure , 300 Oysters 15,000 Freight carried by railroad : Lumber and oysters 90, 000 254, 835 Rockville Center: Oysters 1,080 Coal 7, 000 Lumber 3, 120 Lime and brick 1, 000 Hardware, groceries, etc 500 12, 700 Yours, truly, J. L. B. Norton. Lieut. Col. G. L. Gillespie. SURVEY OF EASTERN PART OF JAMAICA BAY, NEW YORK, BEING WEST- ERN PART OF ROUTE FROM JAMAICA BAY EASTERLY TO LONG BEACH INLET. Engineer Office, TJ. S. Army, New Yorlt, Y., October 29, 1891. General: In obedience to instructions contained in your letter ot December 19, 1890, I have the honor to submit a report, accompanied by illustrative chart, on the survey of western part of route from main channel from Jamaica Bay easterly to Long Beach Inlet, for canal," made to^comply with the requirements contained in the river and harbor act approved September 19, 1890. For the reasons stated in my preliminary report upon the same sub- ject, dated December 16, 1890, the survey was limited to the eastern part of Jamaica Bay, as that part alone of the water route referred to in the act was stated to be worthy of improvement.'^ The purpose to be effected by the proposed improvement is not to open a navigable waterway to connect Jamaica Bay with the Great South Bay by way of Eockaway Bay, but rather to form an artificial waterway, navigable by vessels drawing 5 feet, from Beach Channel to some convenient point on the eastern shore of Jamaica Bay, by which the towns situated close to the bay on that side may be supplied with necessary articles of home consumption at cheaper rates than those now fixed by the railroad company. When the survey was first undertaken it was supposed, on the state- ments of the promoters of the proposed improvement, that the only feasible route for the new waterway was by way of Conch Hole, and it was urged that the estimate be made for a canal one-half mile long, 60 feet wide, and 5 feet deep, running in a straight line from near the center of Conch Hole to the shore at the highway bridge-crossing of the Citizens Cut, leading into Eockaway Bay. A close examination of the chart prepared from the survey indicated, however, the possibility of opening a channel to the northward tlirou^uh Bass Channel which might be shorter in length, require less oxcas a- tion, and might be more beneficial to the community than the more 8 JAMAICA BAY, NEW YORK. soutlierly route. A careful study of this route and of the estimates of cost gave satisfactory results. The channel by this route may terminate at some accessible and convenient point on the eastern shore near the foot of Bayswater avenue, or it may continue to the eastward along the extension of Aunt Sallie's drain, and stop at the eastern terminus proposed for the Conch Hole route. An estimate for each of these routes is submitted. A route through Mgger Bar Channel has also been investigated, but its length and the difficulties of its maintenance are considerations which make such a route inexpedient of adoption. It is well to observe that the straight canal along the Conch Hole route will cross lands lying above high water, through which the owners may be unwilling to have excavations made unless adequate compensa- tion is paid them for right of way for the canal. The Bass Channel routes are not open to this objection, for the bed of the bay is not ex- posed at low tide at any point, and no question should ever rise in re- gard to compensation for land under water occupied as the site for the waterway. If an appropriation be made for making an artificial waterway through the eastern part of Jamaica Bay along the Conch Hole route the act should provide that the money shall not become available until after the right of way over such parts as He above high water shall have been ceded to the Government free of charge. The greater part of the bay south and east of Beach Channel is an extensive marsh, generally bare at low water, within whose area there are frequent marsh islands which are never submerged except when tides are abnormally high. A water route can be readily and economi- cally opened through the marsh by turning the excavated material over in place, without incurring the expense of transporting it to distant points for deposit 5 and if its direction be favorably located in regard to the water passage connecting with Far Eockaway Bay, through which there is a free circulation of tidal water, there is a reasonable certainty that the improved depths will be maintained by the action of the tidal curren/:s. The following estimates of cost for excavating a channel along the three routes considered are submitted : (1) Conch Hole, From Beaoh Channel, through Conch Hole, to the western entrance to Citi- zens Cut at Far Rockaway, west of highway bridge-crossing; 6,250 feet long, 60 feet wide, and 5 feet deep, mean low water : Dredging, 97,300 cubic yards of material, scow measurement, at 20 cents per cubic yard .• $19, 460 Contingencies of engineering, 10 per cent 1, 946 Total cost 21, 406 {2) Bass Channel. From Beach Channel, through Bass Channel, to western entrance to Citizens Cut at Far Rockaway ; 7,375 feet long, 60 feet wide, and 5 feet deep, mean low water : Dredging, 86,000 cubic yards of material, scow measurement, at 20 cents per cubic yard $17,200 Contingencies of engineering, 10 per cent 1, 720 Total cost 18, 920 JAMAICA BAY, NEW YOEK. 9 (3) Baas Channel. From Beach Channel, through Bass Channel, to a point on the eastern shore of Jamaica Bay near the foot of Bays water avenue; 4,650 feet long, 60 feet wide, and 5 feet deep, mean low water : Dredging, 43,000 cubic yards of material, scow measurement, at 20 cents per cubic yard $8, 600 Contingencies of engineering, 10 per cent 860 Total cost... 9,460 Jamaica Bay is in the collection district of New York. The nearest fort is at Fort Hamilton, Gravesend Bay, and the nearest light-house is located upon Norton Point, Coney Island, New York Bay. The amount of revenue collected at the port of New York for the year ending June 30, 1891, was $147,538,045.69. The amount of commerce which will be benefited by the improve- ment considered in this report can not be accurately given, but it has been estimated at 500,000 tons, which have a valuation of $4,500,000. No appropriation has ever been made for the improvement of the eastern half of Jamaica Bay. The vessels which navigate the eastern part of Jamaica Bay are usually of the class engaged in the oyster trade, number about one hun- dred, and draw 7 feet with center board and 4 feet without center board. This survey was executed under the superyision of Mr. Gr. W. Kuehnle, assistant engineer, by a hydrographic party under the immediate per- sonal direction of Mr. John Johnstone. I respectfully invite attention to the accompanying report of Mr. Kuehnle for information embodying the methods followed in making the survey and calculations determin- ing the estimates of cost of carrying out the several projects for improve- ment. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, G. L. Gillespie, ♦ Lt, Col. of Engineers, Brig. Gen. Thomas L. Casey, Chief of Engineers^ U, 8. A, report of mr. g. w. kuehnle, assistant engineer. United States Engineer Office, Neio York, N. ¥., October 28, 1891. Sir : I have the honor to submit tlie following report on the survey of the western part of route from main channel from Jamaica B.'iy easterly to Long Reach Inlet, for canal, made by your order of December 22, 1890, in compliance with the require- ments of river and harbor act of September 19, 1890. The survey was made during the month of September, 1891, hj the hydrographic party in charge of Mr. John Johnstone, surveyor, under directions from this office. It embraces the eastern end of Jamaica Bay, from Conch Hole to Mott Point, and the western end of Far Rockaway Bay, including the artificial cut connecting the two bays. The usual methods were used in making the survey ; a base line was measured with great care and a triangulation extended over the area to be covered. All sound- ings and shore-line points were located instrumentally from the triangulation points. The soundings were taken with a rod graduated in feet and tenths, and were reduced to the plane of mean low water established by the U. S. Coast Survey in 1878 at Holland Landing, Jamaica Bay. The material composing the bed of the bay is mainly sand, covered in part by a light coating of mud, and can be readily removed by the ordinary methods of dredg- ing. 10 JAMAICA BAY, NEW YORK. The artificial cut connecting Jamaica Bay and Far Rockaway Bay is crossed by two fixed wooden bridges, wbicb prevent the passage of vessels from one to the other. The highway bridge is a pile bent bridge with the bottom of the string piece 3.3 feet above mean high water; it had at one time a draw, and there is still a space of 25.7 feet in the center without piles. The bridge of the Long Island Railroad is a pile bent bridge, with bents from 8 to 10 feet apart, and with the bottom of the string piece 0.7 feet above mean high water. Estimates were made by your direction for three separate channels : (1) The channel desired by the projectors of the survey, a straight canal 60 feet wide and 5 feet deep, mean low water, from Conch Hole to the western end of the ar- tificial cut. This channel crosses land above high water, and involves private prop- erty rights which will have to be vested in the United States before work can begin on it. (2) A channel 60 feet wide and 5 feet deep, mean low water, by way of Bass Chan- nel, to the western end of the artificial cut. This channel does not cross any land above high water, and does not include any private property. (3) A channel 60 feet wide and 5 feet deep, mean low water, by way of Bass Chan- nel, to the most convenient point on the shore, at the foot of Bayswater Avenue, Far Rockaway. Estimate for dredging channels in Jamaica Bay, New York, based on survey of September, 1891. (1) For a channel 60 feet wide, 5 feet deep, mean low water, and 6,250 feet long, from Conch Hole to the western end of artificial cut : Dredging 97,300 cubic yards of material, scow measurement, at 20 cents per cubic yard , $19, 460 For engineering and contingencies, 10 per cent 1, 946 Total 21, 406 (2) For a channel 60 feet wide, 5 feet deep, mean low water, and 7,375 feet long, from entrance to Bass Channel to western end of artificial cut: Dredging 86,000 cubic yards of material, scow measurement, at 20 cents per cubic yard 17, 200 For engineering and contingencies, 10 per cent 1, 720 Total. 18,920 (3) For a channel 60 feet wide, 5 feet deep, mean low water, and 4,650 feet long, from entrance to Bass Channel to foot of Bayswater Avenue : Dredging 43,000 cubic yards of material, scow measurement, at 20 cents per cubic yard 8, 600 For engineering and contingencies, 10 per cent 860 Total 9, 460 Respectftdly submitted. G. W. KUEHNLE, Assistant Engineer. Col. G. L. Gillespie, Corps of Engineers f U. S. A. O Avery Architectural and Fine Arts Library Gift of Seymour B. Durst Old York Lif^rary