MASTER NEGATIVE NO. 91-80445 MICROFILMED 1992 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES/NEW YORK as part of the "Foundations of Western Civilization Preservation Project" Funded by the NATIONAL ENDOWMENT FOR THE HUMANITIES Reproductions may not be made without permission from Columbia University Library COPYRIGHT STATEMENT The copyright law of the United States ~ Title 17, United States Code — concerns the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material... Columbia University Library reserves the right to refuse to accept a copy order if, in its judgement, fulfillment of the order would involve violation of the copyright law. AUTHOR: OLDMIXON, MR. (JOHN) TITLE: CLARENDON AND WHITLOCK COMPAR'D PLACE: LONDON DA TE : 1727 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES PRESERVATION DEPARTMENT BIBLIOGRAPHIC MTrRQFORM TARHFT Master Negative # Original Material as FUmed - Existing Bibliographic Record r 942 OLl .062 f Restrictions on Use: (Oldmixon, Johnj 1673-1742 sioS'SLrt T^'''^'"^ '<^omp:v'a. To ^vhicl, is ocea- ..loiiaiij acif|( (I, A coiii])ans()ii between llie Jlistorv of +!.,> icl)ellion and otlier l.istoiies <,r tlie ivi w- r P. • v.-.y plainly, tl.at the editors of ho Lor aarouion^ eis arc nl s ire ' ''''^'' '•^'lV;s«'t«'7 ^""'='^'"'' '^^ xxxix, 344 p., 9 1. 20.'.'™. ' Jy&tZn^rf , X l(^!f;,'^i" * To which isoccafionally added, A . COMPARISON BETWEEN THE History of the RebellioxV, AND OTHER Hiftories of tbeCivilWar. ^Proving very plainly, That the Editors of the Lord Clarendon's Hiftory, have hardly left one Fadt, or one Charadier on the Parliament Side, fairly repre- fented ; That the Charafters are all Satire, or Panegyrick, and the Fads adapted to the one, or the other, as fuited beft with their Defjgn. Kara tempormn felicitate^ uhi fentire qua 'velts & qU(X fentias dicere licet. Tacit. Lib. L Nulla Veritas ita diferte ulla de re cavere potefl^ ut malittofa Calliditas locum fraudi non iitveniat. ■ . U L P I A N. By the AUTHOR of the Critical History of ENGLAND, S^M/uj^ LONDON: Printed for J. Pemberton, at xht Golden Suck, over- ^g^x^^St.'Dunfiajz's'Cburcb, 'm Fleet Street. 1727. ,1- ■ fr •* f (' & ^zu^ on Library of D^vi/? Klin?' Leavitt & CO. IvVay 21 18^ ». ? ^^ "^ '^ —5 • [v] k 1 ^ ^^^^^ 3 ^1 ^^^^^^ § THE ^ PREFACE. WASfofenfibk of the Charge of Trefumption^ which moould certainly attend fuch an At^ tempt, that it y^ri^ P^^^^^y ^^Fancy, appears hy S^U. ' - the PREFACE. IX dance of them, andthe Ter feaion nahinh hLr.^„ n all on one^tde 5 it him impoffible f^^Mature, to pick out fo manvWtCe. yjrtuous, ana Faliant Men, li/ied in • f ^w'*"' i II yC ' i — ~y^»»-»«'«^-*<--i^--« 'ii ■ " ' ^ " 1 ^ l_f i* I -- z ^ " V j r i ttflP — ' - • that etier ■*- ..■.-rflrw". r-^^^fi^ Tame ofHmory. r-, : ,~^.~~^-^~^3Jimnty.^^fome ^¥lT}xU''m-MXgngth, fojround, that ns^e are loft in the^ Circle, as much as MJLM^gkims j and wheneverjwe jtieet with [mh peclaimmg fn~ plain Story^ we may'Fefufe it^ is intended !?.JBMfi...Mh as Legerdemains make ^xmh.m^^ they are about' to plat Tricks. ' '^'■' -— • It is one of the Firtt Rules hiWri' feio Ung Hi ft or y J to he fuccin^i and per^ biS^^Jl Jptcuouj^Mhe^ShMm^JJop as earn ' '^ -"' ^ and as flmpJe III -- -i y ■ " - / ■--— --II- exceeds that Simbhcitv always fufpeaed. It would not he dip- jzra/? fo reduce all the Fa£is in the Hijlory of the RehelUon^ to a Tenth Tart of the Words ^ and leave fujficien^ Room for foher RefleSiion : What then was the Uccafion of the Abundance ? unlefs l''*-'^^' //■ w^5 /o //jroTO Jo maTiy Flowers in^^.Lr ^ ^^j ^^^^ ^^^ Reader misiht not ^ beiiL .? 4 I obfer^ve i wem. Had they heen the Ornament 'rlJ^T of Speeches and Harangues in Saint Stephen's Chapel, or Weftminfter-Hall, Qft^m^ they had heen more Natural and more ^>^,^^ manyjfmooth ipm= fgl^»af*^^ta!^^j*>M are not convinc'd. and the EffeSi is often •efcriptio7iSy as the Lord Claren- don, which may he feen hy his Speeches in the Memorials, and Rufliworth'5 CoU le£ttons 3 yet he preferrd the mojt plain^ and moft concife Narration^ having no other \Defign than to remember what nsjas xiv PREFACE. nvas doney and concluding that the JEn^ents would fuffictently 'mjlru£i the Reader. ^he Earl of Clarcndon'5 Reader could nofl?e^nfiru(ied hy the bare Ewnts_^they mujt he put into ^^ ^ ^^ndriid^ri^^^^^ him jtf th^ Love of Arlitrary ^ower. and ^riefl^ Craft : That could not he done in an arileis^ narrative Stile, and therefore ^^ has addedltmagination^ andColour'' ^^sT^3^(i^^^f^f^^ ;7 is true y hut with the Beauty of an Armida, as mifchievous ^15 it ts fair. » ■•^.'^i*** v»* _t . . / Un^' No ^ Body quejlions the ^ijpropor-^ tion hetnveen Milton'5 Imaginationy and ^^^''^'^'^ Finite and Infinite might exprefs it ; "" ^ Bounds and Bound lejs are more agree ^ able to Human Nature : Tet Milton, i7i.what he has written of the Englifli Hijiory^ has heen fo careful of Redun^ dancy^ that he has not allow d Words enough for his Matter^ which was ca^ pahle of more ^ as we fee hy Tyrrel on the PREFACE. the fame Suhje£i 5 and this Jhews us at \leaflj that he did not think Words to he the Excellence of an Hi /lor i an. Da- niel was a ^oet^ and his Fajicy as I fine and fruitful as any of his Time^ yet the Extent of his Hifiory of Eng- land,^ for almofl Four Hundred Tears^ would not take up above Four Tears of the Earl of Q\2iXcn^on s. XV / know very well^ Milton is an Epitome, and Daniel the fame, though ^f^, of a larger Size 5 hut thofe Hifiorians were fo well apprized of the ^erfe6iion of the Hifiorical Style, that though they ^were Poets, they fpard no more Words r than were ahfolutely necejfary for Nar^ ^ration, which Manner has been praBi^ yid by all Judicious and Sincere Writers of Hifiory. 'Tis true, the Lord Verulam, in his Henry VH. fet an Example to his Sue- ^ejfor, the Lord Clarendon 3 hut that Learned and Noble Hifiorians T>efign was to give a Varmfij to the Reign of that : y ■'^t' p. I »\ *«- f \ xvi PREFACE. that King J which ^ in Truth ^ was too ^^ much disfigured with Spots and Ble^ ^v^b^ .J.>^;^;wi/5&^5. The Earl of Clarendons T>e- '^ Jign was to do the fame to the Reign of King Charles I. and the wry Effence of Eulogy conjifls in the Beauty of Thought and Language^ withwt a Jlavifh Attachment to Truth. fDoes any one thinky that Pliny had the true Htfiory of his Mafler Trajan in his lieady when he wrote his Panegyrick, or that he fludied any Thing more than Finenefs of Senti- ment and ExpreJJion ? However ^ he had a fruitful Suhje£i 3 a Prince en^ dowed with all imperial Virtues, and yet he has varyd the Likenefs hy A'^ dulation and Exaggeration. How far then mt^ they wander from the Truthy who h^e^ all thofe Royal Virtues to invent, Mphich Pliny had in Sight to fav^^^^s Invention ^ and affift his Genius ? IT A' fh PREFACE. • » XVI I The tnoji MelanchoJIy 'Part of it is. That Chrifiians, in fuch Tanegy- ricksyfaerijice their Confc'tence, and their Religion to Flattery 3 ^whereas theAdorU" t ion of the Emperor was a Part of the Religion and Confcience of the Romans • hut 'tis to be feared^ this is not the only Thing in which fome Bigots^ under the Name of Chrifians, fall very port of the Honejty and Humanity of the Heathen. is p leased to allow idr^d oai f^ltttk more of him here, hanging alfo faid fo much in the Introdu6iion to the Second Volume of the Critical Hi- ftory. Js he is allowed hy all Par- ties, to he a Man of Sincerity, the Reader wtll, ijoith the greater Jtten^ tion, ohferve wherein he differs from the Lord Clarendon, and put his own Weight into that Scak, which he thinks wojl deferixf it. 6^^ u31>t4)#tX fb] // • « • • • iviii PREFACE. ^\ If I Joavcy in Two or Three Places, made Ufe of Coke, it was rather out of La%inefs than Choice, and never hut when I knew that what he tells us had hen told hy Others, though I had not then the Books at Hand : He is as ^Partial a Writer, as he is a 'Poor One. Ludlow alfq, I have cautioujly made Ufe of 5 For one may fee that he wroie in Banijhment, and too often mixes Gall with his Ink. Rufh worth is without Exception 5^ lut if I pould have compard him mth the Earl of Clarendon, in till Paffages where they differ, I muji have /well'd this Treat ife to double the Bulk. It may he ask'd. Why I deferrd this Undertaking fb hngi-and, if I knew there was fo much Mifchief in the Hi"' PREFACE. xiii pry. Why I did not fence againji it fooner ? 1I4 .1 ^'>The Jnfwer is eafy ', TheTrepoJfepfs /ton, in Favour of his Lordpip's Book, wasfijlrong, for fever al Tears, that, no Body would have given a Hearing toanyom, who fiould have faid aWord againfi it 5 hut^when I found that thofe ^^ Tajfages which Mr. Echard had copyed, *^^ , were not fo (well received from him, hutl 6Jp--«i* on the contrary, had been often and fel '^'^^ ^ verely animadverted upon-, I believed ^^\^ the World was enough prepared to look 'u! ,*i ? on an Examen of the Whole, which de- iy ferves Animadverjion as much as what ' Echard has taken out of it. It is e after always to pull down than to huild up, in every Thing hut Hijiory, wherein it may he eafm to huild up than to pull down, after theWeaknefs of other Foundations is repair d j and it being as neceffary for our Pojlerity, as it was f/or Us, to know on what Bottom our Con' Ulitution fiands, and there being no Bot- ■ [ t>2 3 tcm # preface: torn to he found in the Earl of Clareil'^ lion's, or Mr.EdiSird's Hiftoriesy ishei-e ^icjtftsft^ ^jf^^ Rights and'Primeges are fisoaU '""*' Jowd up in the Gutph of Tyranny , Ec^j^ chftafiical and Civil ^ itfpiritedmet^^ throw my Mite into the Treafury ; an^l the Ruhhijh of former Hijiories being removed^ to ereCi a new Fahrick, whoje foundation Jhall he more Jolid, tho' the Building he not hurthenedwjth Jo much Magnificence and Ornament 5 Which heing the whole Secret ofWri' ting the Critical Hiftory, and this Trea- tife, I hope the World will receive thentj and that Hijtory, when it is puhlipedy mjith the fame Candour with which they have heen, and will he givsn. "^M ■ • ■ ''' ;! J.- ( XX' ) -J* 1^4. INTRODUCTION 'U 1 UVAi ^. INTRO- CONTAINING Remarks on the Tiri.^, Preface, and Dedications /(?r;&i? HISTORY '"^'ofthe REBELLION. T is worth Inquiry, how it came to pafs, that fo florid a Hiftory, as that ot the* Rebellion^ Hiould fo long lie perdue, and be at laft publi/h'd. If it was begun in King Charles Is Time, as we are told in the "Preface^ it was fin ifli'd after the Reftoration, and not long after. Thofe who had written the Hiftories of that King had err'd fo fcandaloufly againft the Truth, that 'twas proper to have an Hiftory which fhould allow a few Faults, in order to conceal the reft, and gain the Charafter of Impartiality. The Earl of Garemon has done this 5 but almoft every where ex- plained away the Mifcarriages, by Softenings and Glof- fmgs. However, in the Reigns of King Charhi II. and K-ing JamB% II. when the Adminiftration was as wild and arbitrary as that of KingC/^^rfe I. there being a t< xxii 1NTR0T>UCT10 ]St. Dayfet apart, every Year, to preach up the Piety and Martyrdom of that Prince, not one Fault would have been allowed in all his Condu6l : And as his Death was cyften compared, in Sermons, to that of our Savi<3uf j fe his Life and Aftions were reprcfented to be equatty without Spot or Blemiih • and the little of that kind which is in his Lordfhip's Hiftory, would not have be«n borne with. B^fidcs, there were many Thouiacdli. jh^*^ jp^^yy )rgotten. t^^t^ /" ^^no^ not who th&Trefacer is, nor whether one jM \xf -^^^ Perfon or more 5 biyt^ the^BjttenidaJif^hQUg J t £!S!2S"' I ^^^'leve It was written in g Collog^ and not p \ fc£^he Ptn^fXr^j^w« '^ Tor, hFtegins his Perfomiance 1' '^itH^ttlng tanSChiifc}) before the Cr{^it'», which no good \Ei7gljpman^ and good Proteftant, was ever yet guilty of. The Univerfity o{ Oxford, by chufing the Hiftorian their Chancellor, ihew'd their Adhering to their Old "Principles, in Sufpon of the Church 0/^ England, and the antient Mmiarchical Government : \vhich is thus ex- plained, in a late Writer, with Acrimony enough 5 l^htis Oxford 'U'as al'xays remarkable for its Loyalty, that iSj it always effous'd one Side or other ^ 'was akvays 'warm and a6live, and meddling in the Inter eft of forne Famti- rite Trince, or Tyrant, or Ufurper, or Rebel, or Mur- derer, in Defiance^ many times, of Oaths, Abitirations, and1)ecrees to the cmitrary. To talk o/Oxford lA)yalty in any other Senfe, is Grimace and banter ; the Enalifh Hiflory is full of black Inftances of its "Perverfenejf and T>ifobedience to good ^Princes, and of its Battery and Jldttlation to bad ones. Tho* I cannot join with that Writer in everything, yet I own there is too much Truth in what he fays here 5 and the ^Preface and ^dedications wc are looking over, are fome of its Inftances, The Prefacer confcfles, There are feveral Accounts in the Hiftory, 'Which do not agree with other Relations 5 ai^ thofe Accounts are in almoft every Page of it, as we arc about to prove. He 'will he found, thro' the 'whole PrO" ^refs of hts Hiftory, to have given no Occafion of fvf feeing his Writings guilty of partial Favottr, or miufl Enmity j Vol. I. PAge a. ••■I d. INTROT>UCTIOJ{. ^xiii as will appear in a very great Degree, when we come to fpeak of the Murder of Mr. Afchara, whom the Parlia- .rnent appointed to be their Minifter in Spain^ when Sir Ed'ward Hyde was Lord Ambaffador there for the King. The Prefacer again. He has reprefented t}x^ Truth Page |» mthoiip any Mixture of private ^afTion or Animofuy '^ ,and the Reafon of publiihing this Book at laft, was, becaufe fo many Meraoirs, Jslarratives^ and Pieces pf Hiftory came om^ as it "were on Purpofe, to juflify the faking up Arms againfi that King. The Preficer or Prc- fecers were fo intirely ignorant of the Matter, that they did not know what had been done 5 That the molt Loyal Parliament, who reftor'd the Croiicn and Churchy liad declared that taking up Arms, to be in Defence of their jujl Liberties, and to bring 2)elinquents t^ Punijhment, of whom the Earl himfelf was one 5 he bc- fins excepted, by Name, out of the Parliament's Aft of indemnity. The Ingenious Monfieur des Mazeaux, in Chilli7tg'Worth*s-Life, charges the Archdeacon of Sto^ with iDifingenuity in this Article, p. yj6. He 'would make us believe, that the Commons proceeded 'with all Tendernefs and Cautiwi, 'with refpeSf to the late CiyW War 5 and therefore ivere tm'willing totally to condemn the Parlia- menfs Part in it. ^ut this is a grofs Alifreprefentation of the Proceeding 5 for they did not proceed 'with Ten^ dernefs and Caution in that refpeEly but exprefs'd their Senfe of it with great Warmth a^d Freedom ; and fo far frcm being only unwillinfj totally to condemn the Civil War, that they fully jupified it. This Civil War is what the Earl calls t\itGra7id Rebellion, contrary to the avow'd Senfe of the Parliament of England, the very Parliament to whom he himfelf iaid^ All fuccee ding Parliaments EtJj, 735. 'would pay to them their Thanks for 'what they had done. That Parliaments whom King Charles ftil'd the Blessep Parliament 5 that very Parliaments 1 fay, fully yx^\^ fied the Refijlance which the Earl of Clarendon, in the Title to his Book, calls the R(dpe.llion 5 aixd if that is a Proof of his Ca7idour and Impartiality, I fhaU have done it much Wrong. The Prefacer, in the Abundance of his .-^ if Knowledge, proceeds. Some Men make it a Myflery to ^*S^ f' judge on 'whofe Side 'was tlje Right i The Sleffed Parlia- ment made no Myflery of it j they declar'd, they had Right to dra'w their S'wordi tfi vindicate their jufi Li- ^^^* ^ hirties, and bri7?g 7)€linqtm7ts to Pm7tfime7Jt, I^ b 4 3 I abhor lA' XXIV 1NTR0T>UCTI0N. ^ I abhor entring into the Particulars of Mens Charaflcrs Jet their Condition be ever fo ordinary 5 but in advanced Stations, 'tis much more to be avoided : But I am pro- voked to obferve fbmewhat on what the Prcfacer writes of the Hiftorian, His Imegrity fwne of his Enemies ever denied him in any "Time , tor, if that were true, I fhou'd be without Excufe, in charging his Hirtory with the Want of it. Did not the Earl ofSriJicl charge him, in' the Houfe of Lords, with granting Articles in the King's Marriage Contra^:, wbici) were Jcanaaloiis and dangerous to the 'Frctcjlant Religion -, with felling Dunkirk $ and takir^g a Bribe for a lew Farm of the Cuftoms^ &c ? Ech.' 8op. Did not Sir Robert HcFJcard charge him, in the Houie of Commons, with defgniiig a Jtandi?ig Army 3 Sir Ed'ward Seymour^ with receiving Money for Tatents^ and granting Illegal InjimBiom-j Six Richard Temfle^ with Iwfrifoning Men againft Zaw^ and taki7?g a Bribe cf 9CCC0 /. Sir Thomas Oshrn, afterwards Duke of Zeeds, with under-letting the Ctiftoms to the Old Farmers for Money 5 Sir Robert Carr^ with receiving a "Bribe of the Vintners 5 Sir Thomas Littleton'^ with his gettiiig ex- orbitant Grants j Sir Charles Wheeler^ with his frujlra- ting ^rapofah for ^referving the Leixard Jflands $ the Lord Chief Juflice Vavghan^ with giving Trait erous Ad- "vice ; Mr. Thomas y with determi?7i7Pg Cafes cf Zaw at the Ccnincil Board 5 the Lord Vaiighan^ with betraying the Nation in Foreign Treaties ? And, to clofc thei^ Charges, A, Woody the Oxonian^ affirms the Loyal 2)^- vid yejikins was not made a Judge, becau/e he would |iot bribe the Chancellor Hyde^ of whom the ^refacer ' fays, For jftiftice and Integrity he had a ^raife nvhicb 920726 of his Enemies ever deny'd him. He hopes the Carl's Hiftory e5 to our Church and Natioii, in the throwing out a very great Maix..Q.o\.}^umlper of Worthy, Learned,'Tious, andOrthodoxMniprs. Page6i. ' r 'fhe World hath lafted long enough fwce the Misfortunes of this Kmmrahle Terfon, to he cwmnc^d that there 'xas nothing in all thofe Articles exhibited againjl him in "Par- liament, that did in the leaft touch or concern hm,^s the Earl endeavoured to jfhew in his Remonftrancc, which the Parliament voted to he afcandalotis and malicious ^aper^ and a Reproach to the Jiiftice of the Nation. N ote, That thisParliament was the very fame thatpafs'd xhoUnifomnity A% and was the Subjeft of his Lordfhip's Panegyricks for (J or 7 Years together. Sir Robert Howard movM it fliould be burnt by the Common Hangman, and Mr. Trevor thought many of the Articles did fo toqcb aad concern him, that BaniHiment was not a fufficient Pqnifh- ment, his Family being untainted, and his Children eft* joying his Eftate, «« He had the Happinefs to have had fo confiderable a " Share in the Condua of the Reftoration ; for it was by « the Author, that the continual Correfpondence was <« kept up with the Loyal Party" j who all put together, had no other Share in it, than m. Mordatwt s going one? ^ t« Cs Marriage with his Daughter, 75 Knor^dedge or Trivity, " I f fb, Tr ^y^ INTRO DUCT I N. xxvU to Tlaniders, and Sir John Greenvileh bringing over two or three Letters, after Sir Anthony AJbley O)oper, Mr. Anneflyt Admiral Montague, General Monk^ and other ^Presbyterians had done the Bufinefs. The Loyal Party had not a Town, a Caftle, nor Fort, nor Ship' to deliver him, nor Troop ofHorfc, nor Company of Foot; they durft not fhew their Heads in the Way of Opposition : And the Earl may take all the Share they coula give him in that invaluable Blefling, without Envy. Af!oh « The Duke of TorK ** was intirely "Jcithout his Sir Robert Hoivard was very unjuft, to give that as a Reafbn for a Bill o{ Attainder, inftead of a Bill of Sanipmei2t, Though it is not very likely, that fuch an unequal Alliance footild be made, without his Privity and Knowledge, yet, lince there proceeded from it Two fudi Gracious and Glorious Princefles as Queen Mary, and Queen Aime, it ought not to be fpoken of but with Reve- rence ; and fince, by means of the Reftoration, we have been bleft with the Reigns of thofe Two bleiled Queens, of King William, and' King George, and have the Se- curity of the Proteflant Succeffion for our Pofterity, that ought alfb not to be fpoken of but with Reverence, not- withftanding the Felicities which accompany'd it, are the Efft^s of the Earl's fruitful and fine Imaghiation. Never were Sentiments and Expreffions fo exactly the fame, as thofe of the Memorial of the Church of England, and thofe of the Preface and Dedication to the Hiftory of the Rebellion, Though they were not coin'd in the lame Mint, the Metal and the Stamp are the fame 5 and the very Ingenious and Learned Mr. Mayn'xaring, the bed Critick of his Thne, having written Remarks on that Memorial, in a Treatife, intltled. The Hiftory cf the I'm Champions^ I fhall apply fome of thofe Remarks ^ the abovemention'd Preface and Dedication, his Name and ■ , Authority, being, at leaft, equal to any Name or Names fuppos'd to have been put to thofe Pieces. I[ is not to he Vol. IT. ; doubted, fays the Dedicator to her late Majefty Q. Am2e, Page i. hut the fame Truth, Fairnefs, and Impartiality, 'will he found throfighout the whole Thread of the HtftGryi *4ft> tjiey are, the whok Hiftory is equally Impartial, Fair, and u I ?: m/tm »V111 INTRODUCTION, and True 5 and ivill meet ivM the fame Cojidour from dl equal Judges. Thefe equal Judges are the very fame who efpous'd the Caufe of the Church Memorial^ which was lolemnly condemned by the Queen and Par- liament. This Hiftory ivas defignd to remain to "Pofterity, as a faithful Record of ThiiTgi and "Perfim in thofe Tmes^ and of his own unqtiejlimahle Sincerity m the Rep-efenta- tion of them. To fay this in a Dedication to one ot the Ten Chajnfions, would have been well enough, be- caufe the whole Hoft were ready to fwallow any thing that was averted for the Good of the Caufe j but to lay it in fo awtiil a Prefence as that of her Majefty, argues a- like a waiptof Judgment, Modefty, and Gonfcience. It will be granted me by all Knowing Men, be their Side what it will, that the Lord CommiiTioner Whitlocky was what Archdeacon Fchard calls him, ^ fair Writer. The Earl ofjnglefea, in the Preface to VTlntlocKs Memorials, gives a very large and amiable Character of his Integrity r 41^ Impartiality 5 his manner of Writing without Exag- geration or Declamation, without Eulogy or Satire, in a plain narrative Style, fhews the Hiftory tobe fitted to Convey Truth to Pofterity 5 it is without Art, and confe- (^fluently without Sufpicion : He was as well, if not better ^'^cquainte^withPerfons and Things in thofe Times, as tjiir Edimrd Hyde was : He was a Minifter of State, and f" a Chancellor, /. e. firft Commiffmer in Chancery many Years ^ in great Efleem for his Learning, Capacity, Honefty, andPublick Spirit: He ^z,% o^ unqiieftionable ^Sincerity, and his Hiftory difagrees with the Earl of £larendon\ in almoft every Part of it, where the fame Ip^Ss are related. How then can his Lordfhip's be tin- ^iiejlionably Sincere ? The Proof of the contrary will ap- pear fully, in the Comparifon which I here offer to the Publick. The Dedicator again, Tour Majefly may depend iifmi his Relation to be true in Fa5f. This is over-doing it, .and the doubling upon us fg often with Impartiality and Sincerity, Integrity and Truth, gives too good Reafon to fufpe6l, that the Infirmity was not unknown to both Pre- facer and Dedicator. If tlie Faas proved themfelves, as | Whitlock's do, it would have been not only ufelefs, bat I impertinent, to cry out in everv Paragraph, that they are true. No body ever queftion'd the Truth of IVhitlock's Memorials : They are naked. The Hiftory of the K^- ' ipellion INTRODUC T 10 Ni heUion is cloathed with Eloquence and Imagination ^ the Painting is glaring every where, and attra£h one*s Eye fo much with the Luftre of the Picture, that we are heedlefs of the Likenefs. Yet the Dedicator, as if confcious of the Failing in thrt Part, warns her Majefty of being mifled by Talfe Lights. A great many ivrmg Notions^ ujider falfe Colours^ may be obtruded iipon^ youy, mthmt^ this faithful Rememhramer* The Church J^emorial fhews what the Dedicator mear;t by .falfe Colours. The frequent Incttkations of the Tsiemffity if moderate CounfelSy and the repeated ^xhortamaS' from the Throne to Teace and Union ^ by -whicJd Qiurdi- inen do find themfelves almoft as fenfibly reproach* d^. asJ^ the Ti^amato/ry Libels of the Diflenters; The next Par«- fraphs are to infinuate, that the Diflenters are about to low up that Church, which Olfjer blew up in the Rebellious' ■ Times. Again, ToUr Majefty ivillfee how that great Ktng loft his Kingdom, and at laft his Life^ in the lOefenceof r the Church : Toil mil difcern too, that it ivas by Afeji 'ooho ''Were no better Friends to Monarchy^ than to true Religion* fhis Paragraph teems with Qualities that are not to be nam'd in the Prefence of a Queen, It will be prov'd in the .following Treatife, that King Charles the Firft confented to the Aboliftiment of the Church, by his Conceflions at the Jfle cf Wight : It is knbwn he had done it long before in Scotland, and eftablifti*d Presbytery ; How then did h^elofe his Kingdoms and Life for the Church of Eng- Und:} If he had come to an Agreement about the Militia^ /j^vii given Delinquents up to Juftice, before the Army ^.iecluded the beft Members of the Houfe of Commons, to ^ preparefor his Trpl and Death; can any one think that the ^yVrticleofthe Church would have hindered a Peace? But the.Dedicators VsLtty have always put the Church before them, when they were about to make an Attack upon any Thing 5 that if Blows came, the Church might bear them, and they, her doughty Champions, be always thnifting her into Danger, purely for the Glory of deliver- ing her out of it. Mr. Mayjrwaring in one of his Letters to a Priendin NorthSritain, upon the Tryal of the In- cendiary Sacheverel, writes thus, Tfhefz one Man 'who once turned "Vapift, and ariother ivhofate in the High Commif- fm Court, not the T)edicator I hope, ixfere not Minifters of State, the Church mvft needs be in great 'Peril, One ccttli XX1I&: XXX IN TRODtrCTION. could hardly have thought their difflachg'wotfid have been pfedf&r anArgi^meftt tojhe-w the Church' i Danger: Ter fit it 'xas^ and ivho' could help it ? It was in vain to fay ^ •« That this Church was prote(5led by a Supreme Head, zca- •• lous for the Intereft, and li beral to the Support of i t : That •* this Church was guarded by the Laws of the Landr •• That it was defended by many Excellent and Learned «* Prelates : That it had all the Members of/ the Upper " Houfe of Parliament, true to its Eftabli/hment : Tiiat it *• had fo far the greaterNumber of theHoufe of Commons, ** as makes it needlefs to mention the few Diflenters there, ; •* except That one who was loud-mouth'd in the Cry. •« about its Danger {he means Mr, R. Harley) 5 and that ** it had all the Officers Civil and Military of its own •* Communion. What did all this fignify, when the •* ^Di ©r^ , and Earl of jR — -, were turned out of •* the Miniflry ? .u IT -' i. . . . ,• , ' ** "The poor Chitrch mufi certainly he in Dang^^ *' whm thefe Champions ^ere net paid cr hired rt •• defend it. " I have heard that one of thofe nobte Pcrfons was the Dedicator-^ but this would reflect fo much on the Honourable Peer, toconfider his own private Intereft, under the Difi^uife of the Church, that I will not believe it without further Proof. 'The Monarchy of England is not now capable of being fupported but upon the ^Principles of the Church of England. The Monarchy at that very Time, the Monarchy of the Queen, was fup- ported by Revolution principles ; and the Prefacer has told us, the Principles of the Church are ^ajfhe Obe- dience^ and NonRefiftance^ Hereditary Rights and every Principle which would have kept a Popifh King in the Throne, and a Protcftant Prince out of it. Mr. Mayn* 'ocarhig in the bcfbrementioned Letter, explains what the Dedicator means by Church of Et^and Principles; •• What fhould our Sritifr Champions do to accomplifh > ** their Defigns? To declare openly for the ^etendeTt ' *.* would have been too rafh a Step at firft, and would • •* have brought their able Heads mto worfe Perils than ' ** are confiilent with their Profeflion of nothmg bar ** Church Chivalry ; Nor was it advifeable to ^peafc ^ •* directly againft the il^2;o/«r/o;7, and^^otefiant SttccejT* •• Jk» 3 therefore, they bethought themfelves of a fafer " Method 4( a <( (( (( <( C( INTRODUCTION Method to attack the Two laft mentioned, by cotK^ dcmnmgallRe0ance, as the Vrckcer had done, and crying up Hereditary Right ^ and to carry on the Work of the Pretender, by ordering their Inferior Clcrgv par- ticularly, to cultivate the Doarine of Non-ReMance '" fince none, even of their own dull Hearers, could mift" fanding out the Secret, or want Light to difcover that" condemning fuch Refiftance as Dethroned the Father could have no other meaning, but Reftitution to the 6on. How happily then was the Dedicator compli- menting the Queen, by infinuating, that her keeping the Crown from him was a Sin, worfe than that of Wtch- craf 1 5 and the Obedience of her Loyal Subjeas. down- right Rebellion ? ^ The Minifters employ'd by her Majcfty at the Time of the Dedication being feithfbl to her, by the Principles of the Revolution, the Dedicator reprefents them as Repub- licans, as well ^ Tresbyterians, and fuch as would take ^way the Cro^n from Her, as well as the Mitre from the Church 5 Tho' as there was not one Presbyterian in the Minifiry, there was not one Republican, yet that ftale Calumny, as oroundlefs and abfurd as it was, is laid be- fore her Majefiy The Induftrious "Propagation of the Re- bellious Prwaples of the laft Age, renders it neceffary that your Majefiyfiotild have m Eye towards them. "The ^Dedicator means no lefs than the Principles of Refiftance which he humbly advifes her to guard againft, that the Principles of Paf/ive Obedience, and Non-Refiftance. might make way for her pretended Brother to her ^°"5; T, -'^t^i^f^ity <5^this Argument, is as ftaring as the Confidence of it 5 and the Reafon why he would have her watch the Republicans fo narrowly7is, becaufe they were beating the French in a very expenfive War ; and becaufe Scotland was not united to England, a Union which was accomplifhed a Year or Two after, notwitk- mnding the obffinate Oppofition of the Dedicator's i'arty. Tou can never 'voant Undertakers of divers Sdrts^ -^ho, according to their fever d Politicks, laill 'warrant you ^r^lL'-^ ^^" ?J^^ ^^^fl ^^^^- The Undertaken he wwild have turn d out, were thofe that undertook to keep t*e Crown upon her Head, by keeping out the Preteii- der 1 .t-on>; ... ' xxA xxxit if Pt " INTRO D V C T I JSt. ctcr • to fecure the Proteftant Succeflion ; to carry on the War againft Fra7ice, till that exorbitant Power was re- auc'd 1 and to procure an Honourable and Lading Peace. The Undertakers whom the Dedicator would have put in their Rooms, were thofe that undertook to deliver the Church from the Danger which fhe was never in, and to put fuch an End to the War, that Fra^^ce nrnght be able to fcegin it again, whenever it was for the Intereft of the Pretender. Mr. Alayn^ar'wg in his Hiftory of the I en aampiom. gives us this fair Account of thofe neaceable Undertakers T '* It would be impoffible for her Maieftv to " carry on the Government with their Hands : And we ** cannot have a better Proof of this, than by looking back « on the Account they have given of their own Strength « in this Romance, the Church's Memonah where they *• defcribe themfelves as a jx)or Handful of Wretches, as *' the mere Remnant or Shreds of a Faction, with the *' Lords, and the whole Body of the People againft *' them. And we muft do them the Juftice to confefs, «« that once in their Lives they fpoke Truth ; for there is *' nothing more certain, than that thefe miferable forlorn *' Heroes, have no Foundation in England to ftand upon 5 *« their very Bottom is as falfe as their Legend 5 and their *« Strength as imaginary as the Church's Danger. Ac- •* cordingly, we fee moft of their Underlings, moft of the " Squires of thefe Knights, arc forc'd to turn Xow- *' Churchmen 5 when by Places or Penfions they are re- *' ftrain d to their Duty : And at all other Times, they ♦* are a broken, loofe, fubdivided Party, made up of the «» Extremes of all Fa£lions 5 for as any Man lofes his •* Underftanding or Allegiance, he naturally falls in With «• that Party. And if there be any of our Clergy, who «< never wrote one Word in Defence of our Faith, or whofc •* Writings are forgotten 5 who never preach'd but when " they were obligM to it 5 nor vifited the Sick if they «* could help it ; and whofe Lives are not fit to be de- ** fcrib'd : Thefe, you may depend upon it, are Millars of •* the High-Church. On the contrary, if there be any «» who adorn their Stations with a fuitable Converfation j *' and whofe Studies and Labours for the Advancement *« of our Religion, are famous in the Nation : Thefe you « will find are certainly againft the Churchy See. " J could INTRODUCTION. could add much to this of my own Knowledjre, but I had rather have his Authority than any other Evidence : Yet thefe are the Men the Dedicator prefents to the Queen as the only True Churchmen, and the only Subjecb worthy her Proteaion. One would have hop'd, that the vulgar Scandal of the Calves-Head Club might have been referv'd for fome Half-penny Hiftory 5 and I was furpriz'd to find It in a Dedication to the Earl of Clare?2don's : Tis a melancholy Inftance of the Streights to which the Dedicator*s Faftion was reduc'd. I never heard of fuch a Club fince the Revolution, except once or twice, among a Parcel of Harebrained Enthufiafts ^ but I have feen a Piaure of King William, of Glorious Memory, intended to be burnt by Sacheverel's Rabble, but feiz'd before they had Time to perpetrate the Villany. Again, an T»vaJIon upon the Church ought to he ixatclod but an Invafion ot the Kingdom by French and SpaniffJ Mercenaries, by Jrijh and Scots Papifts, is not to be guarded againft, as being in Defence oi Hereditary Rights Spiritual and Temporal Tyranny, and all the Comforts of a High-Church Government. Though the Dedication to the Third Volume feems to be written by a Layman, the Terms Cr(rx>n and Church being fo made ufe of, yet the Sentiments are every whit as Orthodox, and the Politicks as ftaunch, as in the for- mer Addrefs. England, in the Reign of King Charles I. 'msat the highefi "Pitch of Happinefs. Sure thefe noble Perfons never faw any other Hiftory but that of the Re- helliwz. They never faw Rujhixorth, Whitlock, &c. , -..^ ™„,.^ VI vyjv v^v^iiicicuLc oaKc, icourg Q, mangled, ana I ruin d by Star-Chamber, and High-Commiflion Courts. We had no Credit Abroad, nor Peace at Home. If Trade flourifh*d, it muft have been a Miracle j when the Mer- chants Cellars were rified for Subfidies, without Adl of ^Parliaments and the Manufacturers were driven out of '■^mand, bv Perfecuting Biftiops and Magiftrates: All i T- , V^" ^"^ Opinion of the Dedicator, were the highefi rl?'f "^^^fP^r^^y- -And again, when the Glory of the I -t^lifi Name was exalted above that of all Nations: [ G 3 After ••4 XXXllI xxxiv ' 1 •V t I > Pag. II. .:|ii jivrKODt/cr/oiv. After the King's Death, when Trade flourifh'd, and Virtue held the Rein 5 then was the Joweft 2)egree of Jd- vtrfityy which was never thought of by any Man in his Senfes, who had not rendered himfelf obnoxious to that Government by his Principles and Praflices. I do not vindicate the Methods that were taken by the Poweri then in Being, to acquire that Power, but I Ipeak of their Methods of managing it 5 and the Dedicator muft cither not know what the Times were, or what is meant by Mifery and Adverfityy to fpeak as he does, or ft)eak againft his Knowledge, to the greateft Prince of the Age. The next wonderful Flight is, his calling the Lords and Commons of Bftglajtdy a Company of mcked REBELS : And the next, King Charles the Firft, was higher in Reputation and Honour ^ than Edward III. or Henry V. which will pais with moft good Church- raen^ for they know fb little of true HiSory, or true Policy, that it is not ftrange if they /hould really believe that a King, who was little known Abroad, was in ai much Reputation and Honour, as thofe Kings who had added Kingdoms to their Dominions, and made and unmade Monarchs by their Arms. There was hardly a Kation in Europe^ that valued the Friendship of Eng- land in that Reign, which was fignaliz'd by nothing but Arbitrary Power and Perfecution, Superftition and Op- preffion 5 which every one knows, who knows any thing of Hiftory, any thing of Villiers^ Laiidy and Wentworth's Miniftry, whofe very Names will mightily confirm what the Dedicator tells the Queen of King Charles the Firft's Honour and Reputation. The Teace and Plenty of the Kingdom, What a blefled Peace it was, when the Spiri- tual Courts were at War with every Confcientious Man in the Kingdom, for not Prophaning the Sabbath, as was required to be done by the Sook of Sports ? Neither that King, nor his Father, ever delighted in War 5 and the Peace they enjoyed, was happily made ufe of for the Ad- vancement of Superftition and Prieflcraft. The Dedicator tells her Majefty, that, by God's Provi- dence, King Charles II. came in without Treaty. Thefe Gentlemen arc afraid of Liberty 5 they thank God there was INTRO'DUCTION. was no CmtraB, but the Original One^ which they have lately treated as a Dream 5 though it was aflerted in Par- liament by that brave Patriot Sir Robert "Philips, 100 Years ago. But would it have done King Charles II. or his Subjeds any harm, if he had been bound to have con- tinued the Triennial Sill, and to have given Liberty of Co7ifcience to ^roteflants ? Might not fuch a Treaty have been an Addition to the "joonderful Bleflings God Al- mighty pour'd out with fo liberal a Hand, as the turning at once, 2 or 5000 Learned, Tious, Worthy Minifters^ to ufe Mr. Locke's Phrafe, out of their Churches, and putting in their Places, for the moft Part, Men of the contrary Charadler ? However, I do agree with the De- dicator, that amidft thefe Slejfmgs, fofull of Wonder, it is but too notorious, that there -was great Forgetfulnefs of God, as well as wanifefi Miftakes tcnicards the World 5 that is, in plain EngliOj, ^rcat Wickednefs of Life, and great Folly and Oppreftion in Government, which ended at laft in a Revolution, which has, indeed, been crown'd with wonderful BlefTmgs. But the Dedicator inlinuates, that it was a Puni/hment for that difobedient and foolifh Generation, It quickly brought forth Fruits meet for fuch Undutifulnefs and ill CoiiduB. Again, fuch "Deliverances^ as the Revolution, ha^e their Tangs in their Sirth, that much 'Weaken the Conftitution, in endeavouring to pre- ferve and amend it. This Dedicator feems to be a very fmall Politician 5 he knows not that fuch a Deliverance, is, like a broken Bone well fet, the ftronger for the Fra- fture : He intimates, that the Conftitution of the State was weakened by ^^{{roy'mg Mfolute "Paxer^ and that of the Church, by deftroying Perfecution : which is what thefe worthy Gentlemen always mean by Church and State, and nothing elfe. I do not know whether what follows is Treafonable or Nonfenfical : It is the Advice given her Majefty to fecure the Old Esiglijh Government 5 which to me appears as impertinent, as to advife a Man to keep himfelf dry in fair Weather. The OU Englip \ Government was as fecure as the Foundation of St. TauPs, . in King, or Queen, Lords and Commons : But by Old I EftgUjh, he probably means, the Hereditary Right 5 and I then he advifes the Queen to fecure the Crown for the Pretender, which is High Treafon by the Statute. His good Difpofition to the Minifters her Majefty was about [ c 2 ] to XXX7 I mvi INTRODUCTION. to employ, in the Room of the Church's ^Ten Champions^ celebrated by Mr. Maywvcaringy may be guefs'd by this, ^I^he ^People of England, woir,- as after the Ke^oratmi^ ran chearfully into Obedience-^ the chief efi Offenders, fuch as the Lord Somers, the Lord Halifax, the Lord Orford, the Lord Portland, lay quiet tinder a Saije of their o-wn CrimeSy and Apprehenfion of Re-ward jiinly due to them : And all your SubjeEis ^went out to meet your Majefty mth jDuty, and mofi -with Love. And the firft who came forth with Undutifulnefs and Difaffcflion, were the De- dicator's dearly beloved Friends, in their renown*d Memorial j where they fay, The Sateen is tvean'^d from the Churchy 'Which does not hold the fame Rank in her EJleem ; the prefej7t ^ProfpeEi of the Church is very melancholy ^^ and there is a Lnkewarm72efs in Religion, and an Indif- ference to every ^I*hing that relates to the Service of God, But one's Blood /hudders at that Piece ^t^ French Hiflory about Henry III. who became very Unhappy and Con- temptibky by fuch Lukewarmnefs and Indifference ; and here is the Loyalty of thefe moll Loyal Churchmen, ad- drefling to the Queen in their Memorial j brought himfelf at I aft to an untimely End^ by the Httndof an AJJhffin, It was for a great deal lefs than this, that the Noble Sidney was murder'd by Form of Law, among the wofnderful ^leffmp.s of the Redoration, brought about by God Al- mighty^ s own U7ierrn7g Hand: The Caufe of the Cavaliers was God's own Oppreffed Caufe, There are furely ,fuch Things as Death and Judgment : There is furely to be an Appearance before that Omnifcient Judge, who will not be mock'd : And if every vain Word is to be accounted for, what Account will be given for calling Illegal Profe- cutions and Taxes, Banifhments and Plunderings, Super- jftition and Sabbath-breaking, the Caufe of God ? Her Majefty is recommended to take particular Notice of one PafTage in the Earrs Hiftory, which is, that King Charles would not go to the Reformed Church at Charen- t&ii in Fra7iC€^ difliiaded from it by the Earl o^Clarendon ; which excellent Inftance of his Chriftian Charity, and Zeal for the Proteftant Religion, the Dedicator in- finuates the Queen ought to imitate ; and then of Courf$, the inviolable 'fcleration is to be immediately violated^ as l^as his Majcfly's Royal Promif^ at Sreda, not to per- fecut© iNTRODUCTION. xxxvH fecute for Confcience Sake, by Advice of the fame Perfbn^ a tried Servant oj the Church and CroFvon 5 and a Line or two after, unmov^able for the Intereft of the Church and I^ation, The Articles of High-Treafbn exhibited againft him by the Earl of 2^rifiol, and 3 or 4 Years after, the Impeachment in Parliament, which ended in Banifh- ment, was only /or his being an unwearied Affertor of the Church of England^ diffinft from the Proteftant Religion, which he had fb little Concern for, that he would not let his Royal Matter go once to the Proteftant Church at Charenton. None of thefe Noble Perfbns will tell us plainly what they mean by a Church. If it was Religion, they might have it at Charentmiy as well as at Canter^ bury : If it was Virtue they might have it any where, as well as in England: If it was true Devotion, they carry it about with them in their Minds : If Piety, it would appear in the Puirty of Life: If it is Forms, Ceremonies, Show, Riches, Powers, Dignities, let them fay fo ; and then tell us, that all thefe Things are the Caufe of Gody having fuch infallible Tokens with them, that they are net of this World. The Earl gave the King this admirable Counfcl to rely chiefly on the Royal ^arty for his Reftoration 5 and if he had fo rely'd, he had never been reftor'd : For thofe wife Counfellors who gave the King the contrary Advice, fpoke truly enough, when they faid, as in the Dedication, They were an infignificanty defpicable^ undone Number of Men, His Lord/hip alfo hinder'd the King's T'honghts of marrying fo7ne Roman Catholick Lfidyy as particularly the Infanta of ^ortugaly whom he marry 'd fbon after. Where the Dedicator goes diredly contrary to all Man- kind, and afTures us, it was the Earl of Clare72don^s con- ftant Advice to the King, to truft only his Father's Friends 5 the Application to her Majefty, is to employ only Mr. Afay72wari77g*s Ten Champions, zealous Aflcr- tors of the Church's Caufe ^ who are thus defcrib'd by that ingenious and polite Gentleman, *' Thefe bold Ad- ** venturers are to fallv out in Defence of the Church, " and we fhould have dad fomc Account of their feveral " and refpedlive Qualifications. They fhould have ** ihewn, how firft it cot into the H^ads of % of S. and *» hi^ I': • •• x??Vji| INTRODUCTION. ♦ , '■ *,.j |- *tr «( ■~A • ■'■■ f-A.-t t REMARKS on the Hijtory of the k e b e l l i o n. ' — 1 "I*'' ■ jiTTTl formins: Confederacies, to put a Stop to the Pro- orefs of the French King's Arms; his glorious Expedition into England ; his fupporting the hrlt Grand Alliance fo many Years, againft the Power^ and Succefles of Lewis XIV. His bringing him to make an honourable Peace, when himlelt cou d no longer continue the War ; his forming the laft Grand Alliance, which reduc d t\it}^rencb King to the Neceffity of begging Peace -, his pro- viding for the Security of our Religion aiid I.1- berties, by fettling the SuccefTion of the Crown in the Royal Houfe of Hawyver. Thefe, and a Hundred other iUuftrious Inftances, may be given of King Williarih confummate Policy -, but to fay King Jar,ies I. was wife, and to let every Aftion of his Reign prove the contrary, is fuch an Infult on common Senfe, as never before corrupted the Gravity of Hiftory. By the fame Logick it is, that Archbifliop Bancroft, whole Morals were the common Subject of Satyr, w^as a moft pious Prelate j and Archbifhop Laud, when he was upon the bloody Work of Whip- pings and Manglings for Confcience - fake, was exercifing the Spirit of Chriftianity with exem- ,, . plarv Meeknefs and Piety. 'Tis hardly credible Edk's^ that'Men fhould give us fuch Inconfiftencies for * the Truth of Hiftory ^ and wc muft, there- fore, fliew the Proofs of it in their Hifiories. ' The Earl of Clarendon informs us, pag. 9. That King James I. had more Knowledge than^/iv- other Prince of that Age. He was more politick! than Philip II. of Spain, or Henry IV. of France, \ who faid the moft contemptible Thing of his Underftanding, that was ever fpoken of a Mo- narch ; for thePrefident Jeannin, Y^xn^. Hemp 'Minifter in Holland, writing to him, that King James was ijever Sincere with the Dutch^ &c. m Matter reply'd, / know his Capacity^ and the ' ■ Jnclinci' Inclinations of his Suhje5is, &c. There being hardly one Inftance of good Policy in all King" Jameses Reign, it will be needleis to repeat what IVilfon, Oshorn, Vaffor, in ihort, what every feithful Hiftorian has written. Enough is repeat- ed in the Critical Hiftory, and till the Writings of thofe Authors are refuted, that is, till Truth ^ is prov'd to be Falfhood, all thofe Writers who reprefent King James I. as a fagacious politick Prince, have no better Grounds for what they fay, than w^hat a little mean Pedantry and techni- cal Divinity fupply them with. That King's great Learning, and Zeal for the Church of Eng- land, will appear in a Speech of his to the Kirk of Scotland, which he fpoke ftanding with his Bonnet off, and his Hands lifted up to Heaven, breaking out in an Extafy of Praifes and Thankf- gi\'ings to God, ^hat he was horn into the IVorldCaUer- at a iime, when the Light of God's IJ'ord Jlmie'^^^ clearly forth, eclipfed neither by the Mifts of Ig- ^^\^l ^'. norance, nor the falfe Lights of SKperjiition. He 256. hleffed God that had honour d him to he King over Such a K I R K, the fincercft Kirk of the World : Repeating it Three Times, and flying out againft other Proteftants, to ftrcngthen it : I' he Church cf Geneva, IVhoit are they? ^hey keep Pasche and Sale. IVhat Authority ha-ve they in God's Word, and where is their Infiitution ? As for cur Neighbour Church in England, their Service is an Evil MASS, [aid in Englifh j thsy want 7iothing of the Mafs, but the Liftings. / charge you, my Wood^People, to fiand to your Purity, and to exhort %idy People to do the fame. And I, forfooth, fo long \as Life and Crown be left to nie^ pall maintain the \farae againft all deadly, &c. Witnefs the Confe- ^ rence at Hampton-Court, fome Years after, where he maintain d the quite contrary, and fpoke, as Archbifhop Wbitgijt faid, by the Spirit of God. B 2 How ii 'i i .K ii ii cc cc JVfem . of Church b cot land- p. isy. REMARKS on the . How Lkelyhe was to be infpir'd with that divine Spirit, appears farther ^om this Paffageconcernjng him, in 0)^/s Account of his Reign, The Cha- « rafter of Charles I. bears no Proportion to the voluptuous and diffolute Life of King James, accompany'd with his prophane Swearing m Paffion, and even in his ufual Converfaoon, whereby he became not only contemptible, but, by his Example, the Genera ity of the Emlip Nation became debauch d m their Manners and Converfation, to the Scandal and - Contempt of it in other Nations. But tur- thcr to explain what thefe Writers mean by Wil- dom, and the Holy Spirit, let us have Recourle to Scots Authors, w ho give us the Memorial pre- fented to King 7^/«f.S by a Deputation of their Kirk ■ which, it is faid, he never forgave them, and one mav imagine, that his Refentment a- gainft them,' enflam'd the divine Spirit, with which he fpoke againft their Brethren in Eng- land. " The AflTembly direfted their Deputies, to -' go immediately to his Majefty, and admonifli him gravely, in the Name of the Eternal God, to have Refped, in Time, to the Eftate ot true Religion, to the many Murthers and Op- preffions daily multiplied, thro' Impunity and lack of Tuftice, and to difcharge the Kingly Office in both, as he will efchew the feartul Challenge of God, and avert his Wrath oft himfelf," and the whole Land, &c. Here s Wifdom and Zeal ! to employ the fine Talents of fo noble an Hiftorian, as the Lord Clarendon. I fhall have Occafion to report much of this kind in the Hiftory of this Reign, to which I refer, and obferve, that, in the firft Charader we meet with in the Hiftory of the Rebellion, we have lome Sketches of the Complacency, which all the Mi- nifteri of King James's., and King Cbarles I s Go- vernment, u u cc (C 4C Hijlory of the Rebeli ion. ^^ vernment, may exped from the Hiftoriaii^ George Vtlliers^ Duke of Buckingham^ was the moft eminent, and there's hardly a Spot left in his Pifture of him. The Mother of Mr. VilUers^ is, with him, a Ladv^ of the Family of BeatmonU Mr. Coke fays, fhe was his Father Sir George Vil- lieris firft Wife's Woman, and advanc'd from the Kitchen into the Chamber. That Sir George^ tempting her, in vain, wnth 20 /. to debauch her at laft marry'd her, after he had fettled his Eftate on his firft W ife's Children : However, the Earl of Clarendon alTures us, ftie had a good Jointure, which Coke calls 200 /. a Year. And mifoH, p. 79. informs us, That out of this good Jointure, flie coud allow him but 50 /. a \ear, ^ ^ even after he came to Court. ^ ' , , - I fhouldnot have taken Notice of this Trifle, was ^ ; it not to fhew, that fome Hiftorians cannot bear the a\' leaft Blemilh in the Beauty of ehe Perfons, with ^ whom they are enamour'd ; but raife all that are dear to them, above the Imperfedions of Nature or Fortune. The Earl does not let us know, that Archbifhop ydTZ^i^orwas the chief Cauft. of ^^R^^ j ,, Riie T't>^auft the Ingratitude of that Favounte s 1 retting"upT.'S3 %ainft him,^.wou'a Be a Diminu- i tion of the Duke s, arid the Bifhop's Glory. ^ The Death of Sir rijomas O'Verlury, by Poi- fon, occafion'd great Murmurings againft the Ju- ftice of this Reign • Car, Earl of Sonm-jet md his Wife, being the main Contrivers of that Mur- der i for which, lays the Earl of Clarendon^ many 7% Perfons of Quality were executed ^ whereas, there I was but one Gentleman, of any Confideration, ^ Sir Jervls Elways, executed ; the others were Mrs. 'Turner^ litttle better than a Bawd, Hefion^Cohc,^: Franklin, and MafoJi, a Servant to Sir John Mm- fan. The many Peribns of Quality, are to vin- dicate King James, who, contrary to his Promile r I .?% ^ ■ 5^ ^e Si ^ S3 O ^^. if r- n REMARKS on the . by Oath, pardon d Somerfet and his Countefs. The Lord Chief Juftice Coke, Grandfather to my Author, was the Map;iftrate, who caus'd Somerfet to be arrefted in the King's Prefence. From the fame Author I take another Paflage, which, at Sight, Ihews the little Dependance that is to be made on the Hiftory of the KebclUon^ where you read, I'he Parliament came to a hafty Refoliiti- m, to diffuade the King from entertaining any fur- ther Motions toivards the Match, and frankly and re- fohttely to enter into a War ^ith Spain • to-ivards the carrying on of which, they rat fed great Mount ains of ■Promifes : and pre'vtriling in the Firfi, ne^oer re- member d to make good the Latter, which too often falls 'out in fuch'Counfels. This is what I call Trevarication, and it is fo in the higheft Degree -, for the failing to make good Parliamentary Pro- mifes, never happen'd, where the Parliament counfell'd the War, and the Court carry'd it on vigoroufly ; but fuch Promifes have often fail'd, when the Parliament has feen the Monej^, which has been given for fuch Ufes, fquander'd away on Minions and Favourites, as was now done in the moft fcandalous Manner : But Minifters and Favourites, fuch as the Noble Hiftorian, do not think that Money fquander'd, which is put into their own Pockets j or, the Government in ill Hands, when it is in their own. Mr. Coke writes thus of this very Refolution of Parliament. ^' The Commons offer the King Three Subfi- " dies, and Three Fifteenths, for carrying on *' the War, for the Recovery of the Palatinate, in cafe the King will break off the Treaties ; which the King accepted, protefting to God, a Penny of this Money ihould not be beftowed, but upon this Work, and by their own Com- mittees ; and the Commons took him . at his \Vord3 and appointed Treafurers to receive ^^ the 4C cc cc Hijiory of the Resell ibN. "-^ the Money, and a Council of War to disburfc '^ the fame." The fame Author informs us, how the Moneys, given by Parliament, for the Recovery of the Palatinate, were fpent : 1'bey were fquander d away in carrying a French treaty ; and, to fpeak a Word againft this odious Mlfapplication, is, in the Language of the Court Writers, fmnultu- ary, Fatlious, Seditious, Difiemperd, &c. It is the general Cant, and where-ever thofe Words are us'd, the Reader will never fail of finding Complaints againft Grievances. Wou'd one believe, after his Lordfhip had faid, the Earl of Middlefex was condemn d to a long and ftriff Confinement, by the Parliament ^ that fuch an Imprifonmcnt was but for Three Days, after the Parliament was adjourn'd ?^ This is to infmuate, that all Parliamentary Judgments are unjuft and fevere. What w^e read in the Hiftory of the Rebellion, of the Sufpicion of Poi- fon, on King J^ameis Death, is very extraordi- nary. Many fcandalous and libellous Difcourfes were rais'd, without the leaft Colour or Ground, as appear d upon the flri/^lefi and mofi malicious Exa-- mination that cottld be made, in a time ofLicenfe, when no Body was afraid of offending Majefly, and when projecuting the higheft Reproaches and Contu- melies againft the Royal Family, was held 'very meri- torious. Contrary to this, it will appear, in Oshorn s and Coke\ Relations, that there were great Co- lour and Ground for fuch Difcourfes, fo far from being Libellous, that a Charge was founded upon the Faft, in the Duke of Buckinghanis Impeach- ment, RufJjworth, p. 353. Co^^ avers the Proof to he next to pofitive ; and Whitlock inferts the Article at large, which was fpoken to, by Sir John Elliot^ and Mr. iVandsford, Two leadmg Members of the Houfe of Commons. TPje Plat- B 4 fi^'' f 8 REMARKS on the fier and Potions^ which the Duke caufed to he gi-^ njen King James, in his Sicknefs^ was a tranfcen- dent Prefumption^ of dangerous Ccnfequence ; the very Words of the Houle of Commons, which his I>ordfhip terms fcandalous and libellous Dif- courfes ; tho' the eminent Sir Dudley Digges had faid in Parliament, I forbear to fpeak furthfr of the Flatfier^ tn Regard of the Kings Honour. And IVilfon^ who was Contemporary with this Incident, a Frequenter of the Court, and a fober Hiftorian, adds, The Clamour made fo deep hipref fion^ that his Innocence cou^d never wear it out. One of BvcKi^AGUAus great Provocations was thought to he his Fear that the King^ being now weary of his too much Greatnefs.^ would fet up Briftol, his deadly Enemy ^ againft him. And this Medicine was one of thofe Thirteen Articles that after were laid to his Charge in Parliament, who may he mifinform" edy hut feldom accufe any on falfe Rumour^ or hare Stiggeftion ; and^ therefore^ it will he a hard faskfov any Man to excufe the King., his Succeffor.^ for dif- folving that Parliament^ to preferve One^ that was accufed by them^ for poifonifig his Father. Had there been any fuch Hiftory as that of the Re^ Mlwn^ written before IVilfon's Time, he wou'd have feen, that fuch fort of Excufes wou'd be a very eafy Task • for the Hiftorian need only fay^ there was not the leaf; Colour or Ground for it. Which, after what has been faid, is enough to prepare the Reader to form a right Judgment of his Lordfhip's Hiftory in other fuch PafTages, where the Fad is onJy affirmed and afferted, and an Ipfe dixit anfwers all Objedions, either in that or Argument. Was it poffible for Lord Clarendon not to know, that King James's Learning was Pedantry, his Eloquence Cant, his Politicks fhallow, and his ^eign inglorious ? How comes it that we have fQ Hijiory 0/ f/;^ Rebellion. 5^^' fo much Eulogy on that King's Learning and [Knowledge, from a Man of Knowledge and Learning, but to adorn with it his Majefty's Zeal for the Churchy and his Affeftion to his Minifters ? The Learning, which is fo highly extoU'd, was, by good Judges, held in very little Efteem j and his Language was fo far from being polite, that " it fmelt of the Chair, much more than the Throne. The Earl of Clarewion has more than once recorded this King's prophane Swearing, and all our Hiftories complain of the diifolute Man- ners of hi« Court, too much encourag'd by his Example : Yet the Appellation of Mofi Sacred., was firft given him by his Favourites and Flat- terers. I ftiall conclude what is to be faid here on this Article, with the Words of Coke. The Pag. 17^. Clergy feldom Jpakc of him^ but as the Solomon of the Age, tho never were "two Kings more unlike^ mlefs it were in their Sons., Charles and Rehoboam ^ \jor Solomon died the Richeft of all the Kings of yhe Worlds King James the Poor eft ; Solomon was \infpird above all other Kings with IVifdom j and urn Proverbs., divine Sentences : Whereas this Kings Learning, wherein He^ and his Flatterers^ \[o much hoajledj was a Scandal to his Crown 3 for, all his Writing?, againfi Bellarmine and Per on, of thePapal Power ^ of King-killings and King-dcpofrng^ Vjjere only Brazvls and Contentions., and no Learning \on one Side or the other. The Earl of C/^rn/ic?w opens this Reign with K. c^^.I^ Reflexions on the Counfels of Parliaments, as fluftuary and unftcady, and the Proof of it is, their changing Sentiments, with refped to the Duke oi Bucks ^ whom the laft Parliament of King \James had highly applauded, for his Condud in Spain., and bringing the Prince back ^ but the firft Parliament of King Charles.^ call'da Betrayer Pf The People's Liberties^ and a Corrupter of ' . the lO REMARKS on the Pag. z6. Png. 2. 1 1 I the King. And this, I'hey did^ fays his Lordfhip, without imputing the leaft Crime to him^ to hcvxe leen committed jince. Here the Prevarication is, that feveral Crimes had fince come to their Know- ledge, which were not know n, when the Duke was in Favour with the preceding Parliament, and a very great Crime, committed fince, was imputed to him, as the only Lord of the Privy-Council, who was acquainted with the King's Order to Admiral Pennington^ to deliver Eight large Ships, to ferve againft the Proteftants of KocbcU ; which, fays irhitlock^ exafperated the Houfe againft the Duke. But the Earl of Clarendon aflures us^ They had no Crime to impute to him. IVilfon mentions this very Alteration of the Parliament's Inclination towards the Duke, and the Turn he gives it, is equally judicious and fincere, tho' the Reverie of the' Earl of Clarendons. Fag. 26;. cc rjpj^g Parliament were but Men, and could, at '^ prefent, fee no more than the Duke was pleas'd '^ to fhew them, thro' the flattering Glafs of his ^' Relation ^ but when Brifiol came over, and as afterwards he did dilcover that the Duke carried the Prince purpofely into Spain^ to be better inftrucled in Popery^ ^c, none can blame the People for mutable Affedions ; for when FalJJjood is fb impudent as to hoodwink fuch an Affembly, with a Veil, that 'J'rutb her- felf is wont to put on, who can, at the In- ftant, difcover it ?" Inftead of this fiiir Think- ing, his Lordfhip treats that Parliament as fo many Weather-Cocks, to be blown about by every Breath of Faftion ; and this Manner of Writing goes thro' the whole Hiftory. The Earl farther afTures us, That the Hope of ob- taining Money fi'om the Houfe of Commons, was even delperate. M'ljitlock informs us, they gave Two Subfidies, for which the King thank'd them. Coke Hijlory of the R h b e l l r o n. 1 1 C^A^goes farther, "fhis Parliament "voted Sfh'oVs^g- ^97- entire Subfidies j and the laft Parliament^ but the Summer before^ gave 'Three Subfidies^ and Three fifteenths J "juhich were more than ever any Parlia- ment granted the King^ in Threefold the Time be- fore. What Pains have the Earl of Clarendon^ and other Hiftorians taken, to clear King Charles and his Minifters of the Guilt of the Civil IVar^ and to lay it at the Door of thofe that defended the Liberties of the People in Parliament, and out of it ? What Caufe thofe brave Patriots had to com- plain, will be feen by the following Extraft, out of the Hiflory of the Kebcllion j jand thofe that prevented the redrefling of the Grievances com- plain'd of, are alone guiltv of the Blood which was fpilt in that War. "' The Duke caus'd this,ni{i.Re. " and the next Parliament, to be quickly dif bel. 26. " folv'd, as foon as they feem'd to entertain " Counfels not grateful to him ; and upon every " Diifolution, fuch as had given any Offence, " were imprifon'd or difgrac'd. New Projeds " were e^•ery Day fet on Foot for Money, which 1^ ferv'd only to offend and incenfe the People, " and rais'd a great Stock for Expoftulation, ^^ Murmur and Complaint. Many Perfbns of ^^ the beft Quality and Condition under the ^' Peerage, were committed to feveral Prifbns, ^^ with Circumftances unufual and unheard of, ^^ for refufing to pay Money required by thofe ex- travagant Ways, ^c:' I need not add to this, the tyrannical Proceedings of the High Commifli- on and Star Chamber Courts : The driving many Hundred Families into theWildernelfes oi America^ for refufing to profane the Sabbath, and to imi- tate Laud'^ Bigotry and Superftition ; the Prefling 01 Gentlemen and Citizens for Soldiers ; the Im- prifoning of Merchants for refufing to pay illegal Sub- M 12 REMARKS on the H'tjiory of the Rebellion. n \i /i(i I If I Subfidies ; the barbarous and bloody Scourgings and Mutilatings of Minifters, Lawyers, Phyfi- cians, ^c. at the Inftigation of Archbiihop Laud, What his Lordfhip fays, is fufficient to warrant the Murmurs of the oppreifed People ; but whenj a Word is (aid in Parliament, where that Op-j preflion might be relieved, the noble Hiftorian re-j prefents the Members as out of their Wits, and Pa. 42, 43, 44. If we fhould judge of the Earl of Clarendons Characters, by what he lays of the Lord Keeper IVtlltams^ they muft be all read backwards : He ivas generally thouglot [0 'very unequal to the Place^ that bis Remove was the only Recompence and Sa- tisfa6Hon that could he made for his Promotion. Here again is Ailertion without the leaft Colour of Proof j for the Lord Keeper IVilliams was ge- nerally thought the moft equal to the Place, of any Keeper that had held it for many Years be- fore j and the Proofs are many, as we read in Coke^ />. 212. " He w^as a Man of excellent, not pedantick Learning, both in Divinity, Hifto- ry, the Civil and Canon Law, in which he ex- celfd all others, and was not a Stranger to the Laws of England, Thefe were adorn'd with a lively Elocution, and with a wonderful Prompt- " neii cc (6 CC cc cc cc cc cc cc cc cc cc cc cc nefs and Prefence of Mind, in giving Judgment " in the moft nice and fubtle dark Points of State, accompany'd with an indefatigable In- duftry in Profecution of them." Thus far his Inequality to his Poft is prov'd, as he was a Statefinan : Now as he was Lord Keeper ; " In Chancery he mitigated the Fees, and all Petiti- ons from poor Men were granted gratis ; and . - was fb far from prolonging Suits, that in the firft Year he ended more, than in {tY^vi Years before: Yet notwithftanding this Celerity in DilJDatch, in all the five Years of his being Lord Keeper, not one of his Orders, neither by Parliament, nor by the Court of Chancery^ were ever revers'd." All this is confirm'd by the Right Reverend Bifhop of Coventry and Litch^ fieldy who had been his Chaplain, and wrote his Life ; yet the Earl of Clarendon afterts pofitively, that almoft every body thought he was not fit for ^^ the Place. I think this is fufficient to give one a very juft Notion of his Lordlhip's fine Charaders, that of Biftiop IVilliams being the Reverie to Bi- ihop Hacket^ and other Accounts of him. To put this Matter out of Doubt, let us produce the Authority of the Lord Chief Juftice Hohart^ who being perf^-aded by the Duke of Buckingham to fay what my Lord Clarendon fays. That the Lord Keeper IVilliams '■juas unequal to his Poji^ told the OL', Pag." Duke plainly. If J did foj I JJjould do my Lord ^^^^ Keeper great IVrong. The Depth of thefe Mens Politicks, is not like that of the Ocean, unfathomable. Biihop IVilli- ms found himlelf deceiv'd in Archbiftiop Laud^ v.'hom he had been an Inftrument of promoting - and, provok'd by that Prelate's Pride and Ingrati- tude, did exprefs his Difapprobation of his Con- ^uft, and oppofe his Innovations 3 for which all Ws great Qualities could not attone. Laud being canoniz'd i6 REMitRKS on the I m canoniz'd in all their Hiftories, all his Oppofers muft expeft nothing but Anathema's : And it be- ing fb very likely that an ungrateful Man fhould be endow'd with thofe divine Virtues which the Earl of Clarendon^ and others, attribute to Arch- bifhop Laud^ let us fee what Bifhop Hacket and Mr. Coke lay of his Behaviour to the Lord V&g- 21^. Keeper IVilliams : " It has been faid with what '' Difficulty the Bifhop of Lincoln procur'd Laim '' the Bifhoprick of St. David^s ; and the Bi(hop| " ftaid not there, but retain d him in his Preben- dary at IVeftmtnfter^ and fo after gave him al Living in the Diocels of St. Danjid's of 120/. per Annwn^ to help his Revenue. Thefe two laft, being Additions to Land's Preferment, coming from the Bifhop of Lincoln voluntarilyJ and unfought-for by Laud^ he, by Mr. lVmn\ returned his Thanks to the Rifhop with this Expreflion, My Life will he too Jhort to requiu\ his LordJJjip's Goodnefs. But thefe Favours were not eighteen Months planted, when Lad\ became the Bifhop's fharpeft Enemy; and his Malice grew fo high, that the Countefs of Bucking am J the Duke's Mother, took Notice *' of it." This is the Divine of whom the Earl of | Clarendon fays, He 'was a Man of exemplary Virtue^ who heliev d Innocence of Hearty and Integrity on Manners^ a Guard ftrong enough to fecure ani\ Man in his Voyage thro'' this IVorld. Ingratitude and Malice are, every one knows, the dear Com- panions of Integrity of Manners, and Innocence of Heart i with which, his Lordfhip adds, iVi?X'^/| any Man was letter fupplyd than Archhifhop Laud. To call him Papift who had encourag'd the Court I of Rome to fend him a Cap, and who had treated with the Pope's Minifter for a Penfion to maintain him at Ko.me^ was, lays my Lord Clarendon^ A fenfelefs Appellation^ which determines the Thing, t ifiory of the '^ebellio n* t7 cc cc cc cc cc cc 4C cc cc cc cc at oitce, againft all the Evidence of Idolatry and Superftition, which appears in the Archbifhop's Hiftory. He was an excellent Preacher^ and a Scholar of fuhlijne Parts : His Opinions were no^ thing allyd to Popery, His Altars, his Tapers, his Bowings, £^r. are no more ally'd to Popery than to ^akery. How plain thefe Things are ? There is not an Hiftorian of common Senfe and Sobriety, except the Earl of Clarendon^ who pretends that Laud was not inclin'd to Popery, or, at leaft, to a Hierarchy as intolerable as the Papal. Good Archbifhop Ahlct endeavoured to hinder his Ad- vancement, telling the King, he was reputed alV/lfon, Papiftj and of a turbulent Spirit j yet he was ;/o-.P- "9- thing allyd to Popery, and his 'Spirit that of Primitiit^ Chriftianity, His Defign was to re- form the Church, by turning out the mofl re- form'd of her Minilters, and to purify the Pro- teftant Religion with fome of the Defilements of Popery. His Heart was fet upon the Ad'vance-^ mem of the Church ; by fetting her at the Head of the Treafury and Miniftry. He propcs^'d no End in all his Anions and Defigns^ hut what was fiotis andjujl. He proposed no End in procuring his Patron, the Bifhop of Lincoln^ to be fin'd and imprifon'd, but what was juft. He got that Bi- fhop's Eftate to be fequefter'd by an Order of the Star Chamber J Where he prefided and governed, without once reading the Commiffion by which he afted, himfelf figning the Warrant to Sir John Banks, the Sollicitor-General ^ in which, how- ever, he proposed no End but what was juft. He ordered the Profanation of the Sabbatn by the Book of Sports, and deprived the Dutch and Walloon Proteftants of their Churches 5 yet no End was proposed by him in fb doing, but what mspiouSy I could fill a Volume with fuch In* ftances of his Piety. and jufiice : And I am ex-^ C tremely i8 REMARKS on the I I *-■ i tremely puzzled to conceive, what certain Hifto- rians underftand by Juftice and Piety ; for I have found Juftice cloath'd by them with Rapine and Blood, and Piety array'd with Oppreflion and Cruelty. I hardly ever met with it in their Pi- iSures, accompany'd with Meeknefs and Charity. A Man, after their Way of Thinking, puts on Piety with his Surplice, and Juftice with his fquare Cap. This Air runs thro' all their Wri- tings, and on this Fabrick do they build all their Characters. Again, He was more engagd in Civil , ' ' Bufincfs than he defir'd to he. Witnels his affidu- ous Attendance at the Council Board, and figning all their arbitrary Warrants j witnefs his conftant prefiding in the Court of Star Chamber, and his taking a Place at the Board of Treafury ; witnefs his and his Patron Neile\ taking upon them to manage the Excife Duty. Had he not defir'd to be in thefe Places of Profit, who could have a better Excufe for refufing them, than his prior Call to the Miniftry, and his Incapacity to accept of them without Sin ? I wiih, with all^ my Soul, our modern Writers of Hiftory, had us'd a litde more Confcience in impofmg upon us, and not required us to believe it is bright Day at Mid- night. He was pajjionately concern d for the Churchy Pag. 54. as appears by this Article againft him in IVhitlock^ By endea'vouring to fet up Popery^ hy ere5ling Altars in the Places of the Communion Tables ; hy caufmg fuperftitious Images and Crucifixes to he put up in Churches-, hy Confecrations, Tapers^ CandlepckSj Rrms of Prayer -, by furnijhing the King's Chapel fo welly that Seminary Priefts would come thither fot Pag. Sy. Devotion and Adoration. Whitl. By holding the Pope to he the true Metropolitan BiJJjop of the iPorldj yet his Opinions were nothing ally'd to Popery : However, thefe Altars, Images, Confecrations, Tapers, JBowings, Forms, Miters, Copes, Hoods, Titles, Hiflory (f the KEBE.LL to n. I Titles, Dignities, Courts, and Revenues, are what is every where underftood by Church in the Hiftory of the Rebellion, and other late Hifto- ries j and it is hardly ever once meant to be true Piety and Virtue, Devotion and Charity, and the Primitive Chriftian Life and Worftiip • which will not be contefted with me, becaufe it is fo very eafy to be proved upon them. In another Place the Earl of Clarendon informs us, that few could Vol. II,= compare with Archbifhop Laud for Piety and Vir- P- 574- \tue. If Superftition is Piety, and Malice, Virtue ; then was this Archbifhop a moft virtuous and pious Man j if not, the Lord Clarendons Cha- rafter of him vanifhes, and in its Place we fee a proud, tyrannical Prelate, full of Wrath and Revenge, and thofe very dreadful Qualities a- Idorn'd with Ingratitude and Obftinacy. The Earl of Strafford is not fo much obligM to the noble Hiftorian as Archbifhop Laud. He confefTes, that he indulgd his own Appetite and \Paffion in his Government in Ireland j was of too Wgh and fevere a Deportment ^ tho' in his Breaft was lodg'd the whiteft Soul that ever flew from mortal Bofbm to that of Abraham^^ as we are told by another late Hiftorian. We have already been entertain'd with a Ghoft, and pag. 58 his Lordfhip gives us a Prophefy. The Earl of Y^mhroke\ Tutor, Sandford^ being a great Prog- nofticator, prognofticated that the Earl (hould not out-live fuch a Day , and accordingly he departed pn Time to fulfil the Prognoftication. Such Par- cels of Hiftory are io precious, that they cannot 0€ told too often, and give great Sanftion to others, which are not fb credible and important. His Lordfhip fays fbmething in Excufe of the unwarrantable Methods of raifing Money in King CW/« the Firft's Reign j that his Majefty had I bw little of it himfelfi of 200,000/, extorted C 2 . from to REMARKS on the HI from the Subjed in a Year's Time, the King had' fcarce 1500 /. I do not infmuate any thing againft the Probability of this, but againft the Policy ; to let the Courtiers plunder the People in the King's Name of fuch a vaft Sum, and himfelf to be fo little the better for it : To give juft Occafion to cry out againft Oppreflion, and let his Servants put the Money that was got by it into their own Pockets. This mitigates the Matter wonderfully, and indeed it admits of no other Mitigation -, but then it loads thofe that had the Management of the Treafury, fuch as Archbifhop Laud and Bi- Ihop JuxoUj to fuffer the King's Servants to cheat him of what his Subjefts had been cheated of| before. Among all the Earl's beautiful Piftures, there are ibme fhocking Images, which probably were I painted to fet off the favourite ones, and have the good Effed of the Contraft, as that of the Parliament in 1 640, who were Schifmaticks^ Re- helsj fyrants^ and FooU ; for what elfe can his Lordfliip mean by faying, It was a Time when neither Religion, Loyalty, Law, nor Wifdom could have provided for ojty Man^s Security, The Men that were guilty of the Enormities of this Admini- ftration, the raifmg of illegal Taxes, the Beggaring, Jayling, Whipping, Prefling the beft Subjeds, innovating profane and luperftitious Pradices in Divine Worfhip ; thefe were the Men of Religion, Loyalty, Law, and Wifdom. The Defenders of Liberty, Ecclefiaftical and Civil, of Religion and Law, were the Rafcals and Idiots : And upon this Foundation it is that the Hiftory of the Grand Rebellion is built. Tag. 74. The Reign of King 7^^^^-? the Firft, fays his LordfhiOj made hafpy Times ; and three or four Lines after, they were indeed excellent fiincs\\ without one Inftance which proves not the very j contrary. Hijiory of the Rebellion. it contrary, unlefs Jealoufy and Difquiet at Home, and Shame and Contempt Abroad, make excellent Times. True it is, Bancroft, Neile, and other fuch Prelates, had a full Swinge of Perfecution againft the poor Puritans : The Spiritual Courts were every where triumphant : The Papifts never had fuch Times from Henry YllVs Reign to King James's : The Nation loft the Cautionary Towns in Holland, and .the Money for which the Caution was given ; and the Spice Trade in India, Our Counlels were the Subjeii: even of Dutch Farce 3 yet how happy, how excellent were the Times ! 'Tis ncedlefs to obferve, that here is nothing but his Lordfhip's Say-fb for it, and that there is nothing but Aflertion from one End of the Hiftory to the other. We are told, p. 76. the Church flourifh'd with learned and extraordinary Men ; and the Protefiant Religion was more advancdby the IVritings of Arch- hifiop Laud, than it had been from the Reformation. Coke tells us, Bijljop Laud fill'd the Ears of King P^S- ^4^ James with Difcontents agatnft the honeft Men that took Pains in their Places, and fettled the ^ruth in their Auditors. And how much the Advancement of the Reformed Religion was owing to Laud, will appear by this Article in his Impeachment, '^ He " hath traiteroufly and wickedly endeavour'd to " reconcile the Church of England with theChurc^ " of Rome ; and for the effecting thereof, hath confbrted and confederated with divers Popifli Priefts and Jefuits, and hath kept fecret Intelli- gence with the Pope of Rome, and by himfelf, his Agents and Inftruments, treated with fuch as have from thence receiv'd Authority and Inftruction , he hath permitted and counte- nanced a Popifh Hierarchy, i^c. We will fee again how the Proteftant Religion ^as advanced in the P.eign of King Charles I. C 3 " The u cc a u cc (C cc (C iv cc ^^^ REMARKS on the Fag. 4^. " The Minifters and People, fays Dr. Calamy^ who ^' were for Loofenefs, Swearing, Gaming, and Drinking ; who were againft the ftrid Obferva- tion of the Lord's Day ; who plac'd all their Religion in going to Church, and hearing Com- mon Prayer , who were againft ferious Preaching, and for running down all thofe that were ftrider than themfelves ; thefe adher'd all along to the King ; " and thefe ar^ the Men, who, according to the Earl of Clarendon^ had all the Religion, Loyalty, Law, and Wifdom on their Side. Dr. Calamy again, " By putting Epifcopacy, Liturgy, ^' and Ceremonies into the Subfcriptions which '' they impos'd on all that would be Minifters or ^' Schoolmafters, they kept and caft out many worthy Men -, whereas many Bifliops preach'^ but feldom ; and abundance of Places had ig- norant Readers, who could not preach, or weak Preachers, whofe Performances were very mean; and many of them were alfo Icandalous in their Lives.*' The Lord Clarendon affures us, the Church flourifh'd with learned and extraordinary Men. fhere was not one Churchman^ in any J)e\ s[Tee of Acceptance^ of a fcandalous Infufficiency in "Learnings or of a more fcandalous Condition of Life :\ moft of them were Men of eminent Parts in KnorA ledzjs^ and of 'virtuous mihlemijh^d Lives. Sir Bern jamin Kudyard^ who will be allow 'd to be as com- petent a Judge of thefe Things as Sir Edward Hydsi fliews us another Pifture of tliefe Churchmen, in his Speech about Religion : IVe well know whm Diflurhance hath been brought upon the Church m /^ and IVifdom^ Learning and IVortb in the Hiftory of the Rebellion , but in Sir Benjamin Rudyard's Speech, they are doing the Devil's Bufmefs. So very contrary are the two Reprefentations. Mr. Grimfton, afterwards Speaker of the Houfe of Commons, faid, ^he Clergy would have us^ at the very firft DaJJj^ fwear in a damnable Herefy, that Matters necejfary to Salvation are co?itaind in the Difcipline of the Church ; and the Lord Clarendon reprefents thofe that opposed the Clergy in their unlawful Proceedings, as Schifmaticks^ Fanaticks^ and the like, ^here was not one Churchman — fays the Earl as above. IVhitlock Ipeaks alfo of thefe Things, p. 72. " A Minifter was voted out of his ' Living for praying for the Jriftj Rebels ; ano^ ther for preaching that the King was above the Law, and all thofe to be Rebels and Traytors that obey not his verbal Commands in all Things^ tho' never fo oppofite to Law and Juftice ; and many others, ejufdem farina.^ for Scandal in their Lives and DocStrine." Not one fcandalous ! What can be fairer ? In Scotland we are inform'd, T'here was no Form of Religion in Practice ; no Li-^ ttirgy^ nor the leaft Appearance of any Beauty of Ho* I'mefs. Here it is out. The Beauty of Holinefs with thefe good Churchmen, is not the Simplicity of Spirit, the Purity of Life, the Fervour of De^ votion, and Innocence of Manners ^ but it is an Altar and Rails, Taper and Candleftick, Surplice and Pulpit Cloth, Thrones and Canopies, Chalices mot; (C cc cc (C cc cc cc 54 REMARKS on the III I?- 1;^: not the leaft Appearance of fuch Things in Scot-- land y but there were Prayers and Preachings, Faft-^ ings and Humiliations, which, it leems, are not the Beauty of Holinefs, for that confifts in the outward Appearance, and not in the inward Sincerity, fhe Clergy of Scotland zijei^e for the moft Part corrupted in their Principles, The Reformation is Corruption. The Things contended for by Laud and his Bre- thren, were no Parts of the Reformation, but the Relids of Popery, with which the Church of Chrift had been corrupted : But his Lordfhip intimates, that Proteftant Principles, fuch as the Reform'd in Scotland^ are Corruption ; tho' nothing Co like to corrupt Chrift's Church as the Pomps and Vanities of this wicked World, which is not the Kingdom of Chrift. King Charles, with bis Fathers other Virtues^ in- herited his Zeal for Religion ^ very confiftent with common Swearing, Luxury, and Riot : But I be- lieve the Reader wants not now to be told what thefe Gentlemen mean by Religion and Piety, by Church, Loyalty, and their Contraries, Sedition and Schifm. Many wife Men were of Opinion, that fag. 83. I F the King had proposed the Liturgy of the Church of England^ when he went firft to Scotland, it would have been fuhmitted to, Thefe I F's are generally the Attendants upon the Hiftorians wife Men : But Men every whit as wife, are of Opinion, that if the t^iturgy had been impos'd on the Scots when the King was prefent, it would not have been with (o much Safety, as when he was 300 Miles oflf! Every one knows that Laud was the main Inftrument of that Impofition in Scotland, and gf the great Partia- lity in preferring Ecclefiafticks to TemporalOffices -, as Spctfwocd, Archbifhop of St. Andrews, to be Lord Chancellor, a learned, wife, and tious Man- "I is never otherwife. The Proof of his Piety here, is bis accepting a Temporal Office, when he had a ' ^ Call Hi/lory of the Rebellion, ^5 Call from the Holy Ghoft to a Spiritual one. There were four or five other BifJjops of the Privy Council, fays the Lord Clarendon ^ whereas in Truth there were eight other Bifhops Privy Counfellors. Archbifhop Abbot had fat too many fears in the See Paa, sg. of Canterbury, and had too great a Jurifdi6iion over the Church, tbo' he was without any Credit from the Death of King James, and bad not much in ma-- ny Tears before. He had been Head or Maftcr of one of the pooreft Colleges m Oxon ; was a Man of very mrofe Manners, and a very four Afpe5t, which, in that fime, was calfd Gravity 3 and under the Opi- nion of that Virtue, he was recommended to King James by the Earl (?/Dumbar, the Kings firft Scots Favourite : He had the Bifhoprick o£ Coventry and Litchfield given him by that King before he had been Parfon, Vicar, or Curate of any Parijh Church in England, or Dean or Prebendary of any Cathedral Church : He was, in "truth, totally ignorant of the true Conftitution of the Church, &c. This Paffage will prove, that the Earl of Clarendon could not mifreprefent and prevaricate. How do we know that Archbifhop Abbot was not a grave Man, or that his Gravity was only Ill-nature, or that he was totally ignorant of the true Conftitution of the Church, unlefs it be by his Zeal for the Reforma- tion, and againft Superftition and Periecution, which then muft be the true Conftitution of the Church ? It is very likely that a Divine whom A. ^ood owns to be a learned Man, and an able Statef^ ''nan, (hould be totally ignorant of the Conftitution of the Church he was bred iu; which being a Thing impoffible, requires no Argument to con- jute. His Lordfhip infinuates, that he ow'd his wfe to the Recommendation of a Scots Earl, wliich « not the Fad 3 for he was made Dean of Win- 'Her by Queen Elizabeth, upon Dr. Martin He-^ ^^ s being promoted to the See of Ely -, tho' the J-or4 I V : r ll *. h j6 REMARKS o;/ th^ Lord Garendon aflures us, he never had been a Dean. His Writings, lays A. IVocd^ fhew him to be a Man of Parts^ Learnings Vtgilancy^ and un- "doearyd Study^ tho overwhehnd with Biifinefs. Ahhot^ continues the Lord Clarendon^ confiderd Chriftian Religion no otherwtfe^ than as it abhorrd and revil'd Popery, One may defy all Readers of | Hiftory to produce fuch another unfair and ground- lefi Reflection. How came his Lordfhip fb well acquainted with the Sentiments of the Biftiop's Soul ? Was his Expofition on the Prophet Jonah^ his Treatife of the perpetual /i fib Hit y and- Sticceffion of\ the true Churchy his ^tcefiiones Rex^ his Sermons, ^c, only Confiderations of the Chriftian Religion, as it was an Enemy to Popery ? After this, 'twill be very hard if one fhould be defir'd to give Rea- Ions why the Earl's Charafterifticks are imaginary and partial. He made very little Progrefs in the ancient Study of Di'vjnity^ Hift. Reb. His Erudi' Hon was all of the old Stamps A. Wood. He ad- herd only to the Do6irine of Calvin, Hift. Reb. He wasfiiffly principled in the Doctrine of St. Auguftine, A. Wood. Many Mifchiefs broke in to the Preju- dice of Religion by his Remifnefs^ Hift. Reb. A Man of Vigilancy and unwearyd Study ^ A.Wood. The Death of Abbot introduces Laud into the See of Canterbury , and the firft Account of him i5, that the Calvinian Faftion at Oxford 7naligni him^ and created him many troubles and VexationSf The Reverfe of it is true, that he created them many Troubles and Vexations. Read Coke.^ p. 143. His Bufinefs at Oxford was to pick ^tarreh in the Lc6iures of publick Readers^ and to advertije them to Neile, Bijloop of Durham, that he might fill the Ears of King James with Difcontents againfi honeft Men. What follows out of the Hiftory of the Rebellion, is another pofitive Aflertion, that has no more Credit than the Jiiftory can give it : ^ M4 Hijlory of the Rebellion, Mofi of the popular Preachers^ who had not looked into the ancient Learnings fuch as Dr. Humphreys of Oxford^ Dr. Fulk of Cambridge ^ fuch as Dr. Reynolds^ Mr. Cartwright^ the very learned Ga-- taker^ and Hundreds more whom I could name, took Calvin'5 If^ord for it ; they never read the Fa- thers, nor Church Hiftory. This is fuch Hiftory as one can never too much value j the Rarity of it rendering it ineftimable. I have more than once obferv'd, and fhall be oblig'd again to obferve more than once, that his Lordfhip writes as if he expelled to be be- liev'd on his bare Affirmation. ^he popular Preachers took Calvin's ^ord for it, W-ho could give him Affurance, that the moft learned Di- vines in the Kingdom had never read the Anti- quities of the Church, nor the Fathers ? Be- fides. How would the Caufe of Laud^s and his Lordfhip's Church be the better lupported by- reading the Fathers ? Does not every Babe in Hiftory know that there were no Lord Archbi- fhops, no Lord Bifhops, with Peerage and Spiri- tual Courts? Nothing of what thefe Gentlemen call the Beauty of Holinefs ? for all the Primiti^ve Beauty confifted in Piety and Virtue, and the Form of Godlinels was no more valu'd than a Shadow is, in Comparifbn of the Subftance. The Earl of Clarendon aflerts again, that the turning ^he Communion Table into an Altar, was fure 'very grateful to all Men of Devotion. And moft fure it is, that 'twas moft ungrateful to all devout Chriftians, even of the Eftablifhment. The Arch- bifhop of Tork wrote againft it, and the moft pious of our Prelates complain'd of this Innova- tion in our Proteftant Church. The Excufe for removing the Communion Table, was to have it rail'd in, and kept from the Approach of Dogs ; but the Steps to advance towards it, and the Holy Circle, ^7 « J h il: 1,1'* l8 REMARKS on the Circle, pointed out plainly enough, that it was the Prieft's San6ium SanRorum^ to which the pro- fane Flock fhould come no nearer than his Rails would permit them 3 and that would add a San- War ; which is open d by the Lord Clarendon^ with fome decifive IF's, that are very much, to the Advantage of the wife Mens Speculations/ IV All the Scots Nation^ p^„ ,,, who were united in the Rebellion, fume of which Jlaid yet at Court, had march'd in their Army and puhlickly owtid the Covenant, which, in their Heart, they adord , the Monument of their Pre^ fumption and their Shame, woud haw been rais'd together. If the Scots Army had been ftronger than it was, the King's Army wou d have beaten them y but as it was weaka, they beat the King's. Can one make any Thiiv el v of it ? Hift. Reb. IF the War had beenhuJ ^vlgoroufly purfued, it had been as foon ended as begun. If our Men would have fought, they would have beaten the Scots into ^^ Frith. Hift. Reb. IF the King himfelf hadflaid at London, or refided at York, and left the Matter of the War to the Army^ who had themfelves left the War, his Enemies had been fpeedily fuhdued. Thefe are the fage Reflexions of the wife Men, who come with their IF's after the Work is over ; and how well grounded are all thefe IP's, will appear farther by the Hiftory. ^^ ' An Army was drawn together of near Hift. Re 6000 Horle, and about that Number of Footjl^^l- " all very well dilciplin'd." An Englifti Hiftorian of Note fays, in a Manu- Mem. of fcript I have feen, they were raifed by the Clergy, Church and imitated their Mafters ; for as the Clergy, who ^^^^^^"^^ prompted this War, accompany d the King to York, but left him when he came into the Field ^ fo the raw and undifciplind Army accompany^ d him into the Field, but left him when they Jhould have en- rte ^4 REMARKS on ihe Hlft. Re- ^he Enemy had not any confidert^te Forces toge^ bel. .figf neater than Edinburgh. ^ ^c '^ When the King advanc'd forward to Tork^ Sch " and from thence to the Border, they were $c9tland. «^ ready in the Field before him. It would " make too much Sport with the Englijh Cou- ^'' rage and Bravery, which is fo well confirmed " in the World, to give an Account how like ^^ Scoundrels this Army behav'd." Hlft.Rc Jf the War had been now ^igoroujly purfud^ i>el. nf .#/ bad been as foon ended as begun ; for at this ^tme they had not ^r awn three thoufand Men together. " They levied Twelve Regiments ot Foot, Ch^ch^^" and Eight Regiments of Horfe, making in i,,thnd. '' all Eighteen Thoufand Men.'' the Scots, fays the Lord Clarettdon^kept as inany -of their Soldiers, as they thought fit^ in Pay, Why could not the Earl have faid, they thought fit to keep none in Pay ? for they broke their Ar- my. This is to infinuate, that they made the firft Pacification, with an Intention to break it ; but my Scots Author informs us, they had cer- tain Intelligence from England, of a treacherous .Defign to deftroy them, and fo kept their Of- ficers in Half-pay. He adds, " It prov'd as *' they were inform'd ; for the King, fired by " the Clergy, fought Occafions of new Quarrels, " and declin'd eftablifhing their Civil and Eccle- ^y fiaftick Liberties j and then, pretending the " Scots had not kept their Articles, denounc'd *' them Rebels, both in England and Ireland!' 'Tis a common Refleftion in his Lordfhip's Hi- ftory, that every one who left the Royal Party, .. or efpoufed the Oppofite, did it out of Difguft *for fome particular Offence taken. The Scots General Lefleyy was difobligd by being dented fomewbat he had a Mind to : His Lordlhip does / / r not Hi/^ory of t^eKEBBLLioi;. not fay^ what , but the Parliament's GeneiaL the Earl of ^/.^, ^as difobligM by being re- r '^ u ^^^'^^«^ ^f Needwood Foreft. No Body PrLlf ^?^^"^^,^f^ o^ the Parliament out of PnncipJe : that couM not be , a Man cou'd have no Principles, i( he did not think as Bifliop Mud and his Brethren did. Afi:er Fourteen I^TobTe'^H^/"^"^^ ^/ '""^ Goverre^t? & ?i ^'^''']^'\ '' ^"'P"^ d into a Confelfion, ^hat the King had loft Keputation at Home andp ,,, Abroad : But he is not pleas'd to tell us how '^' that Reputation was got. In the Second Scots War, we are affur'd that the Lord Conway was lent to the Borders of ffZ' "^^^^ ^Strength fuffkient to flop the Scots, iF they Jhould attempt to pafs. This IF was ventur d upon after the Fad prov'd the contra- ry, and IS the onJy IF of fo bold a Kind ^ for the Scots did attempt to pafs, and the Lord Con- ^•ay, with his fufEcient Strength, could not flop them ; tho the Fad is differently reported by n /??^, ' ^"^^'"^^ ^"^^ Hiftorian : Thro' tho/e mcultm andDifaivantages, iays the Earl, 'jjithoU gtvtng or taking any Blows (for the Frue or Six of ours, who were kill'd, fell by their Cannon, be-r> , ■ fore thepaffing of the Ri'ver') they put our whole ^^ ^my to the mofi fhameful and confomdtnz Flt^rht cS'scZ'^rir/f^ We read in thi mL « n£ fi . T'^^ '^f"^^ beat the £ngl(/h fairly, hyp ,5, ^^ plain fighting, from their Poft,^and kiJl'd 300 _ of their Men. Without giving or taking a 3I0W, according to the Lord Clarendon. i recommend to the Reader, the followin? Charader of the Lord Keeper Coventry, it beinl another Inftance of his Lordlhip's direding his Imagination by the Line of Truth. He cnjo/d ?A?r? """'^^ miverfal Reputation, Pag. 46. iVhttlock, p. 31. He was of no ^ranfcende^a ^ 2 ^artt n 3^ REMARKS on the Pans or Fame. White and Black again ! Hift.Keh. He vjzs generally looked upon with fmgular Efieem: And then we have our T F in the Lord Keeper's Pag- ^i- Favour, If he had livd to the fitting of the Parliament^ he nii^ht have prefervd the Crown. Pag- 31- Whitlock, He died in a feafonahle "time. He was a 'very wife and excellent Perfon, Hift. Reb. p. 45. Of great Abilities and fmgular Refutation^ p. 16. A Man of wonderful Wif dom^ who underftood^ not only the whole Sci^ ence and Myftery of the Law^ hut had a clear Conception of the whole Policy of the Government^ both of Churc'h and State, I am obliged to abridge his Lordlhip's Characters, which do fo abound with Words, that unlefs there had been more of the Life in the Pifture, they may be very well (par'd. I am fully fatisfy'd, that the Publifhers of the Earl's Hiftory, did take Re- dundancy of ExprejfTion for the Overflowings of Eloquence; and that it never once entered into their Heads, that there's as much Diffe- * rence between the Declamatory and the Narra- tive Stile, as there is between Fidtion and Truth. I am as well fatisfy d, that all the Ad- mirers of the Hiftory of Rebellion^ admire it purely for the Declamation, for the Graces and Flourifhes which are thrown into it, with in- comparable Affedation ; and did not once que- ftion the Truth of any Thing which was fo ornamented. The Lord Commiffioner IVhitlock \s allowed, by all Parties and Profeflions, to be a Fair Writer. He was a great Lawyer, a Judge of the High Court of Chancery^ endow'd with excellent natural and acquir'd Parts, and a long Experience in the moft important Af- fairs and Counfels, an Ambaffador Abroad, and a Minifter at Home, of equal Eminence with the Earl of Clarendon ; as may be feen by what ^i^ory of tbe Rebellion,, 37 what the EarJ of yiugUfia ^^fites of u' ■ the Preface to hi* \/tS^i ■ T^""^^^ o* nim, in another Place, of t J fS '/"' ^' ^^^^ '" r^e King, h' tJ Zic^7 ^r^L ^"-r^. ^«rf / the Lord Keeper CoLfrv T^ ^°y' ^'S- 22. ^s bss Learning in tboS^l' "?'' ""' f''^ and that was not far Z ""''' ^'^ ''(^'"dy acquainted wkh thefe Ch^^^aZ' T^'' ""^'^^ ture to affure the Reader ^ffil ^ "^^ v^"" ^i of the fame Tr«ft th" J^ fu^ ^'"f Author havine fo lirtl^ d _. ^ ^"^ "ot> e Judgment, thft he'has^'X „o°^'' ""^^'^^'^ Imagination, but wondtrf n ^. ^ ,^°""'^'' ^^ his Varfety and BeLTof'ht L I i''' ^''^ '^' to confider nothingVe i„ the p??"'"^' ^''""^ that as they Jook one Wav or ' ' ".^' ^^fP' are handfome or deform'd ^ ^°'^^' ^^^V whir^th^n^bt HiSiarl;;^.^'^^^^^ '^-^ except that it was Men nfT^ ^ ^'^^ ^^«'. Lord Coventry Z aZry ^1"7 '''"^J ^^^ trary to this, the Lord cZt-^"' ^"'^' ^<^"- %s. He was aMancf n^T^T^l ^^^'"^''f' -^ that his Knollle "LTtT ''^f ' Lord Cottington is anofher of the fe', ^^^ 'He Men ; and in IVhitlnrh T . ^ ^^X of it from this Speech of ir.''"';'''^' ^'^^ Council. LeagueT^road ^l '^^ ^'"^ '" ' for Defence of the KiZ/ f '"^-^ ^' '"^de„^., , 4 of'^SX^a'^e^T"^-^"^ ^^^ ^- JiAop Laud was IS' over aL'abr'' n^^^'^" ^^'f/^^^ raid S hXfeLrt r g ^ fuper- 3 8 REMARKS on the fuperlatively Wife : He wds too full of Ftre^ and his IVant of Experience in State Matters^ and bis too much Zeal for the Churchy and Heat^ if he proceeded in the Way he was then in^ would fet^ this Nation on Fire, Thefe and many more wife Men are the Or- nament of his Lordftiip's Charafterifticks j but as for Selden^ Pyj^^ Hampden^ Mollis^ Kudyard^ Grunjlon^ IVhitlock^ &c. the moft illuftrious Names in that Age, for Learning, Wifdom, Experience, and Principles , his Lordfhip cannot Ipare the Word IVife in any one of their Cha- rafters: which alone is fufficient to prove, that where we meet with Wifdom on the other Side, it is very- much to be fulpefted The laft Adion in the Hijiory of the Rehel- lion^ which we had Occafion to fpeak of, was the Jhameful and confounded Rout of the King's whole Army by the Scots, The Earl of Cla^ rendon calls it io, and it was fb in Fa6t ; but his Lordfhip fbon gives a Check to that Liber- ty of Speech, and changes his way of think- ing and Ipeaking, to bring off that Army with Honour, after fo diihonourable a Flight. The Scots Memoirs, before cited, reprefent it thus : '' Here the Royal Army fac'd them, and it *' was thought impoflible the Scots fhould pais *' the fyne^ without fighting ; but General '^ Lejley^ an old Soldier, refblving to put it to '^ the Iffue of a Battle, pafs'd the River at Newhurn^ in the Face of a ftrong Body of the Englijh Army, beat them feirly, by plain fighting, from tneir Fofts, ahd kill'd 300 ^^ of their Men 5 which Aftion Ho frighted the King, and his whole Army, that they wou'd not ftrike a Stroke more, but ftlamefully re- ^' treated to Tork^ leaving New c a /tie and Dur- ^ bam in Pofleffion of the Stots.'" The Hifloryofthe Rebellion. 19 cc cc cc rel^H hi ° Clarmdon owns the Rout, as is A„ 5 1^' ^^* °r r"*** ^^"'^ the \ots were « S' our Horfe from Newburn. How^\-Hh « ~ ^ore handfome is it to fay make Hafte, « I^d 7" ""'I' • , ^'^ '^^'"g *« Honour^ « Hoi ^^" u'^f i "^^ Wealth of the King- « .n ' u *° ^^f^ *'^"= had not Confidence dent a, t, ^ the Km/s Army moft cL « {Zf ^ ' ^f^"f ""'^f poppies aftcLrds, ^^ they were ajbam'd to take up the Bone, whe^ ^^ tt was flung do-wtt to them. The Lord Con- ^^ way never after turning his Face, though his Troops were quickly brought together, l^^^bree Hundred of them were flain and taken.^»i- J4. « V^lrT' ' u*""^" "^^""^ ^° ^ Jvfl bjheir running out of Newcaftle and ^«'^««.? How did he know they were able* t^ .h^ ^[r,?'"" ^'^^"g •'^" J"ft beaten ? As Secr^ .^'^'i^ir^'' ^^'"^"'^ ^^'' "* into that riSl 'J u ^?^^ ^^ S^^'^'ers declaring in fhextf y'^, < '^' ^^'"P'- Again, ./f/. f -'^"' ^^^''''■^' '^^^ ^"^'^ ^'I'f'-J Officers Lilt V\ """^ ''"^" ^^' P"'^^^' Soldiers s-e. W ?' Z f '"'".'' "'"-^ remarkable Inclination, m no Mft4 to fight againft the gcoR. The . ^ 4 Lora 4C lil 40 REMARKS on the Pag. i4<^. Lord Clarendon affirms their remarkable Inclination was to fight ; and, a little after, he acknowledges the Army was corrupted ^ and as to their Ability, f^g- 191. fee what my Scots Author fays : ^/^e? King^ and bis Church-Army^ being retreated^ it is im-^ foffihk to exprefs the Confternation they were in ; the Scots Army being now advanced to Durham, • . were entirely poffefsd of all the Counties of Dur- ham, Northumberland, and Cumberland, and hegan to extend themfelves towards the IVeft^ there being no Forces to oppofe them^ but at York ; and thofe under the terrible Apprehenfion of being attacked. The Lord Clarendon^ on the contrary, Pag. 145-.^^ writes. The Scots were poffefs'd of all the Fears imaginable, and would hardly believe their own Succefi, till they were affur'd that the Lord Conway^ with all his Army, refted ^^ quietly in Durham^ and then they prefum'd to enter NewcafHe!' They put a bold Face upon it, two Days after they came off victori- ous at Newburn^ and thruft themfelves into Newcaftle, This is very merry Hiftory! IVhit^ lock tells us the Truth, and that within Two Days after the Lord Conway s infamous Rout, as the Earl calls it, the Scots poffefs'd them- im^s not of Newcaftle only, but Durham, p. 34. However, his Lordfhip affures us. They were m daily Fear, that thofe Quarters would have been beaten up, and fo the til Courage of their Men too eafily difcoverd, who were more taught to fing Pfahns, and to pray, than to ufe their Anns, When thefe Gentlemen have any lefts to ipare, they generally have their Point from religious and ferious Things. The Scots, in this Bijhops War, had given no Caufe for the Hiftorian to treat them as Vowards, but by routing his invincible Ar- niy. ^ifiory of the K^BELLioN. agree: Ts HttlerhIC t'"" as a Border of vu , f "°"" Expreffion. that the S of ill a' "^''yj""'^ wctder'dat, for tba^'BuM"" I '^'''' '<> /Council of War only fome PerW ^°"u^5!?^"'' ^^^^^^ "<": rr,J At ^^.M0"S5 but the General of the Ar m, the Lord Conway himfelf wIT r^^r Account. Wbitl. D a^ -Thl ^^r • • ^° ^"i of the r^ncl J J ^ '"S w'lat we have read SrriW f "^°""''ed Rout at Newl^urn, of the terrible Apprehenfion the King's Army was in m tte^. .^« c.««..,. - The Sentence is foTS i^ad be^n2 S^T''/' '^^'^^^^ ^en that •'een fo beaten, fo terrify'd, had fought with 41 4% REMARKS on the with an Enemy made bolder by Succefi, they vrould have driven them out of their Conquefts, and made them fly into their own 0)untry like fo many mad Men : But being afraid to look the Scots in the Face, and not at all liking the Caufe for which they were arm'd, they thought themlelves in a fafer Place at Tork^ than nearer the Scots Quarters. Lord Clarendon urges the Reafbn of what he has laid from the Behaviour of the Scots, when they were affaulted afterwards by the Englifti ; but he conceals the Caufe which had tuirnd the Scots Courage into Cowardice. When the Englifb fought at Newhurn^ they were diipirited on Account of their fighting only to maintain the Pride of the Bifhops; when they beat the Scots at Dunbar^ and every where elfe, they fought in Defence of that Liberty for which the Scots fought at Newburn, Ludlow explains this Change of Quarrel and Courage in a con- trary Manner to the Earl of Clarendon^ " Upon ^' the near Approach of the Englijh and Scots ^^ Army, a confiderable Party of each Side en- '^ countered, and the Englifh^ contrary to their wonted Cuftom, retir'd in Diforder, not with- " out Shame, and fome Lofi. Of fuch Force and Confequence is a Belief and full Per- fwafion of the Juftice of an Undertaking, tho' manag'd by an Enemy, in other Refpeds, in-? confiderable." Antipodes are not more oppo- fite, than the Lord Clarendon's political Reflexi- on and General Ludlow's ; who being a better Judge of Courage and Military Counfel than the Lord Chancellor Hyde^ will the fboner per- fwade us into a Belief of what he fays relating to the Caufe and Effefts of this War, which was term'd the Bifljops War even in Parliament. The Earl, p. 164. reprefents the Rife of the War with the ScoU to be thys, " His Maiefty C6 4C (C Hy^oryo//^^ Rebellion. « tedfidl Power, by the Laws of Scotland then « SJ*^"^^ '° ^""fl^^ 'he Ufe of the Liturgy, ff^hJru^'t uJ^'^ "^""^^ '^^^^ been heard of, if the Church had never met with better Ret fe, '!) ^Zi ';** ^''' ^'«hren. ^fl their Pmms and Addreffes had found moft gracious S \.^- ^l""" ^'^'^'""^ '"''■' M up to the fCrow» By the Way, there is nothing with dof „?rv T"' T^''^ ^" ^°"" ^"*J Courtiers Phef^u'', ^f '^"^ ^'^ ^'-^'' °f '^' Crown. a-tey alter d the Government, affronted the Ma- and Pardon. Whereas the Truth is. their Li- 5,^""a;i'^^^ '"""^^^^^ their Religion deftroy'd, their Muiifters imprifon'd and banifh'd. They • petition d for a Redrefs of their Grievances, and mftead of Redrefs, the Earl fays, the King m? t «V '^'■'^°V ^'^''^^ in plain Mean! jng, IS, You have been perfecuted and in- «£!: !»^"l7^ ^^^ %r^c\ovi^Y pardon you r\.T r .T ^^^ ^""^ ^^^ ^°^i'l Reafonings of the wife Men and the Hiftory of the Kebellion Ih ", P T^ , '^T 'c 7^'y ^'^ «lf° ^"^nded with a Political IF of the fame Kind with the Mitary onesj IF the King's Commiffioners at lITti ^''" '"^.™'^ ^y '^^ ^'0'' 'hat the p"f ^^ denounc'd War without Caufe or Sf^iftoS^Ss ^^r^fei^^g^deluded. Th. " afrs^T^u ^"^^^V ^"^' ^^'"O" protefl:edPag.i87. " ^f K, 'he Conceffions offer'd by Hamilton, " ^ « f R ic^hf "■^^?. '° '^^'"'^^ 'hem, and claiming « S il^ , " "^^^ ^ General Affembly by an Ad • of Parliament : They did not rejcd Pardon, « but 4J 44 ^f 4C €€ CC . 'Thus Pym and Hajnpdcn are the Cunning and Crafty • Wentworth and Hyde the Knowine and Wife. Thefe Gentlemen have not been able to ftand out againft the Clamours of the whole Kmgdom, at the Grievances in the Reign of King Charles the Firft, but they will not allow Juitice to be done on the Caufers of them • They own the Crime, but excufe the Criminal, under Pretence of the King's Honour in pro^ tecting his Servants : The Conftitution was fick ^k T^T'^^^ ^"^^' ^"t t^ to"^h the Caufe of the Diftemper, was an Invafion of the Rights of the Crown ^ whereas it is within the Degree of common Senfe to know, that the only Way to prevent Crimes, is to punifh the Criminals • in- rh r ^^^^'^^ ^'^^ ^^^^ ^^^^' ^"^^ ^"^^^^ w^^^ the Criminals, were rather for curing what was ^m/s, than ftriaiy to make Jnquifitton into the Original of the Malady, Excellent State Surze-P^a 17, ons ! they ^ere for healing the Wound without cpenmg tt. The 4^ REMARKS on tie I 1! : The Earl of Strafford complain d, that^ the tJoufe of G)minons in England had formed a Confpiracy againft his Life: But the Earl of Clarendon goes farther, and informs us, the Houfe of Commons in Ireland did the fame ; and Sir John c6nworthy^ a Gentleman of that Kingdom, was fent over to be chofen a Member of Parlia- ment in this, purely to be one of his Profecu- tors i accordingly, hy the Contrin:ance and Recom* piendation of fame pwerful Perfons^ this Moin^ utterly unknown m England, was return d to ferve for a Borough in Devonfhire : He made a long and €onfusd Relation of his tyrannical Carriage in that Kingdom, The Speech was fo far from be- ing confus'd, that Strafford's tyrannical Carriage was made very clear in it : So very clear, that the Houfe of Lords, upon this Information, voted the Earl guilty of High Treafon, for levy- 4Hg Money m Ireland hy Force,, in a warlike Mmi- tier^ and for impofaig an Oath on the Subjects in Ireland. That the Earl of Clarendon might render the Parliament as odiou* as pofiible, he tells us, Pag. 176. St. heir Commtlee of Ele{fions^ did not fo much as 'pretend to ohferve any Rule of Jufiice ; which is 'the more probable, for that it w^ls perfedly fu- perfluous, a moft unnecefTary Piece of Injuftice, t-he Majority being more than two to one on the Side of the Party his Lordfhip would expofe here. The Light he puts their Proceedings againft Grievances in^ and efpecially Ship-Mmieh reprdents them as being animated by a Spirit of Wrath and Revenge, without any Concern for the Liberties and Properties of the Subjeft ', and that monftrous Court of St fr Chamber ^ where Laud^ and his Brother Bifliops, tyranniz'd ib many Years, had given fo little Offence, that the Parliament was forc'd to fend into the Coun- ■ ■ try Hffiorycftbe KzB^LLio^, try for Petitions againft it, which their Emiflaries procurd, and fern up, Hifi.Rek pag. 180. En)e^ ryDay producing fornid elaborate Orations azainfi all the Aas of State which had been done for many Tears preceding ', and it is not to be for- gotten, that the Earl himfel^ then Mr. Hyde^ made one of the iirft of thafe form'd elabo^ rate Speeches againft a crying Grievance m the {North, under the Government of the Earl df &rafford^ whofe Commiffion contained a Mafs ^ •new exorbitant intolerable Pmer : That Obeddence ^as requird to the Orders of the Council fable tr High Commiffion Court ^ a Grie- %, afterwards one of the moft inveterate Ene- mies the Parliament had, made another of thofe form d elaborate Speeches, fetting forth the hap- py Times which the Earl declaims upon. ^' II "^^^ S^eat and intolerable Burthen of Ship- " Money. ^ 2. " The prefling of Soldiers. 3- " Monopolies. 4« The new Canons. 5. " The Oath to be taken by Church Offi- cers. SirT^^w Culpepyr^ who fblJow'd King C^^ff^^ the Firft m the War, and King Charles the Se- cond in Exile, made another form'd and -ela- borate Speech againft the Emrcafe of Papifis^ ^mw Ceremonies, the Altar, Bcwings xiud Cringes; and / I ■ 4% I ' V REMARKS on the and all the Earl of Clareitdon's Beauty of Hotinefi before mention'd, againft Coal and ConduSi Mo^ ncy, taking away the Militia Arms, againft the Convocations, new Canons, againft the Swam of Vermin Monopolizers, " Who fup in our Cup, *' who dip in our Difli, who fit by our Fire, *' who arc found in the Wafti-Houfe and Pow- *' dering-Tub, who fliare with the Butler in his " Bqx, who have marked and fealed us from Head *' to Foot, and will not abate us a Pin. Thefe " are the Leaches that have fuck'd the Com- *' monwealth fo hard, that it is almoft become " Heaick." The very contrary of this is the Earl's Defcription of the Felicity of thefe very Times } nay, himfelf, in another Speech, had Ruft. forgot that Felicity fo much, that he faid, There 1 J40. cannot be a greater Jnftance of a fick and langmjb'- ing Common-wealth, than the Bufinefs of this Day. Good God ! How have the Guilty thefe late Tears been punip'd, -when the Judges have been fucb Delinquents. " 'Tis no marvel that an irregular " extravagant, arbitrary Power, like a Tor- « rent, hath broke in upon us, when our Banks " and Bulwarks, the Laws, were in the Cuftody " of fuch Perfons: Men who had loft their ^' Innocence, could not prefcrve their Courage, " nor could we look that they who had fo *' vifibly undone us, fliould have the Virtue or " Credit to refcue us from the Oppreffion of " other Men. " Yet this was the very Time of which the fame noble Perfon faid in ano- Pa» ^6 ther Place, Many wife Men thought thofe two "' ' Jdjunas, Imperium & Libertas, were as well reconciled as is pojjible : Which is very Repuh- Mcan ; for if Empire and Liberty cannot b6 , better reconciled than by Injuftice and Oppreffi- on, it reduces all Monarchy to Tyranny ; but the four laft Reigns have prov'd Monarchy to be Hijiory of ?-&^ R e b e l l i o n: eJalSraSirl^r'''^^' '° ^^^^- ^"^ <"°rm'd waborate Speech more was made by the Lord F^^W ^ho loft his Life in the Kind's QuarS and the Grievance he complain'd of wa^irS' biftop Laud's Church Government. ' ' 1 hele Inftances overthrow at once the Earl of Clarendon's artful Fabrick of Craft and Con- trivance m the Leaders of the Houfe of oTm- mons, who fpoke for Redrefs of Grievan^T- fince we „ot onJv find the Leaders of hT^wn dS of M? "^f' ^"'ong thofe who com- plain d of Male-Admmiftration with the great- wte n'r^T^ '"^ '^ ''™^^'^ ^"'^ hi^ Friends were prevail d upon to join with the Court af- inTJft'' J^'/V^^ ^"^y qn^i^or^s, but their J^^ ? -^Pt Ambition were fatisfy'd, or hoped to be fansfy'd before their Underftandings were convincd H:Ji. Reb. « The firft Compliment' « fi5fn. "'*' ^"' "P°" fhe Scots CommiA « fnn! '.h'^'a' ^".P'-.^^'-' That, upon all Occa- fions the Appellation ftouid be ufed of our * Brethren of Scotland." The Earl in his H ' ftory calls them Rebels ; and the Scots need not of Swi? 'I',^'"'^ 5^ "^^^ "-^^ Parliament f England Rebels ; and indeed it is a verr fignificant Word with thefe Gentlemen . for fc fignifies every Mortal, Man, Woman, and Child, who would not be a Member of Laud's Church; and a Slave to his Tyranny. fbe Arcbbijbop of Canterbury was for the mem latd afide,md, I am perfwaded, at that y^^'fout any nought of refuming the Cbarg, ^atnft bm. What Reafon have we from tfie wr^p^V^**"' ^^g^' ^"d ^^e Temper of both Enghfi, and Scots, to be fo perfwaded > Ms Lordlhip mfmnates this, to give us a Con- ception of the Parliament's thirfting after Blood j for when they found his Age and Imprifon- ^ ment ^5^ 50 REMARKS on the i ' ) hi Pag- 'S^ment would not kill him, they ftruck off his Head for Crimes which they hardly thought worth a Profecution. The plain Realbn was. The great Hurry of Bufmefs which took up the Parliament's Time, from the Earl of Strafford's Death to the Beginning of the Cml War ; and while the Heat of that lafted, I am perfwaded the Bifhop did not run much in their Heads ; but that being pretty well 6ver, they took the firft Time they could Ipare to bring him to Juftice. Pag. 104. His Lordlhip informs us, that the Privy Coun- fellors thought it horrible, to be arraign'd for every rajh Word, e-very inconfiderate, every im- perious Expreffion ufed at the Council Board. What has RaJImefs, Imperioufiiefs, and Inconfide- ratenefs to do with Treafbn ? Men may be rafh, inconfiderate, and imperious, and they are Fools for it, and no more : But to give treaibnable Advice to the King, makes a Man a Traytorj and the Punifhment of Trcafon is Death. Straf- ford advis'd the King to deftroy his Subjedts by Arms, for not fubmitting to illegal Taxes. The \\ ords he laid in Council were theft, Sthe fown is full of Lords j put the CommiJJion of Array on Foot ;. and tf any of them Jiir, we will make them fiiwrt. Borrow of the City 1 00,000 1. go on vigoroujly to levy Ship-Moncy. Tour Majefty having tryd the Affedim of your People, you are abfolv d and loofe from all Rule of Government, and to do what Power will admit. Tour Majefty having try'd all Ways, and be- ing refus'd, Jhall be acquitted before God and Alan. And you have an Army in Ireland that you may employ to reduce this Kingdom to Obe- dience. If Hijiory of the KEBELtit n; give a Kinrr\^°/5 •'" ^'«'^«^ thatfhould f nr^ r f ^"''^ ^^^""^^ ^"'^ there was a Lord in England who would not vote for attaint- '^t"\' } .^°"'*^ ^hink that the one defS^'d rfje Earl of Strafford's Fate as well as the Sher tlm ^!I '"^^^^'■'^ ^^'''"'^''" ^^"J'i have you Zy-^-C'T^"^^""^'^ ^"'^ if"perious only. All treafonabfe Advices are like to have thofe Qua- hties ; but without the Treafon, are rather to tt^E^ulnV^^^^' ''' ^^"^"^-'' ^^- ^V Pnvy Counfellors, the Marquefs of Hamilton acquamted the Houfe of Lords with his Ma- jefty sReafon for it J « His real Intention of a ^^ Reformation of all thofe Extravagances which ^ former Neceffities, or Miftakes, had brought mto the Government of Church or State'* Thus we fee that the King himfelf confefs'd a r • ^^ Mifmanagement in both, and moft of It ,s to be put to the Account of Vtl- hers and Laud. The Lord Clarendon is very merry with thefe new Privy Counfellors, for caUmg the Parliament the King's Great Council,.,^ ,,, an infipid Doarine, and fubmitted to by none ^' ^" but ftupid ones. The King was told. He was only to be advis'd by his Parliament j which was fLZr'f i'fi^' ^^"^ ^' ""ifi "^o '-^batfcever l^ey defird of hm : And that was as much as to lay he muft redrefs Grievances which the Lounfellors, who wo-e not infipid and ftupid, would never have advis'd him to do. Thafe !Lh!^ ^°""^e"o« were Men of ftrid Honour, . who would not betray their King, Country and Confciences, out of Flattery, Avarice, or bv K:!i?A^"f^ ^? ^^'^ ^^°''" '"t° the Council Z P 'nfflftT^' '\ ^5'°"'^' ^^°"t the Time of the Popifli Plot ; and the Son grew as foon weary E« of V. > 5^ I REMARKS ow the of thefe, as the Father did of the former Privy Counfellors. We are told, pag. 198. All pojfihle Licence was exercisd in Preaching. Petitions were pre^ fented by many Parijhioners againft their PaftorSj with Articles of Mifdemeanors^ m^ whereof con^ ftfied in Bowing at the Name of Jefus, in ereEiing Altars^ &c. The Faimefi of this Reprefentation will ap- pear by what Mr. Baxter and Dr. Calamy fay on the fame Subjeft. " Multitudes of Petiti- ons came from all Quarters againft their Mini- fters, charging them with Infufficiency^ Falfe " Doffrine^ illegal Innovations^ or Scandal: Mr. U'ljite^ Chairman of the Committee for this Matter, publifh'd two Centuries of fcandalous Minijlers^ fill'd with moft abominable Particu- *^ larities. " The Lord Garendon can hardly al- low any Offence in thele Petitions, hut Bowing at the Name of Jefiis, and kneeling at tb€ Sacra- ment. The abominable Particularities are funk in his Hiftory, and inftead of it, thofe Minifters are repreknted as Men of great Gravity and Learning, and moft unblemifti'd Lives ; which not agreeing very well with the Petitions againft them, his Lordlhip informs us, that thofe Peti- tions wen« lurreptitioufly got, againft the Senfe and Judgment of the Parilh, and none but thofe who could not read or write^ the Rabble, fet their Hands to them; which Rabble were taught to call Men of great Gravity, Learn- ing, and unblemiih*d Lives, the fcandalous Cler- gy. 'Tis impoflible not to believe every Word of this, the Thing is fo felf-evident. The barbarous Treatment which Mr. Prynne^ Dn Baftwick^ and Mr. Burton met with, has fcldom been mention'd but with Abhorrence. Thefe three Gentlemen were of the three moft cre- dible Hijlory of the Rebellion, 5? djble Profeflions, a Barrifter at Law^ a Do^or of Pbyfick^ and a Batchekr of Livinity^ and not of the meaneft Charafter in their leveral Fa- culties.- But in our late famous Hiftories, it is thefe Fellows, thefe Pillory Men*, thefe ftigma^ ttz d Scoundrels : When the truly ftigmatiz'd are their Profecutors, who really deferv'd the Pu- niihment thefe injured Gentlemen fuSer'd. Their Crime was not againft the Laws, but againft the tyrannical Priefthood ; and IVbithck, as inuch a better Lawyer, as he is a fincerer Hifto- rian than the moft famous of our late Writers of Hiftory, tells us. The Prelates inform'd thepag. u King and Queen, that Prynne had purpofely written a Bode againft the Queen s Pafioral ; whereas it was publifh'd fix Weeks before that Paftoral was afted. Is there a Word o£ this in the Earl of Clarendon's Hiftory, or a Word of what follows; " Laud fet Heylin to work toPag.i^. colJect the fcandalous Points; which Heylin did, though not at all warranted by the Text of Prynne's Book. The Archbifhop carry 'd Heylm's Notes to Noy on a Sabbath Day Morn- ing, and charg'd him to profecute Prynne, whom the Bifliops lent to the Tower, We read alfo in IVhitlock, that Dr. BaftwickV^^gzi. was puniihdfor maintaining the King's Prero- gative againft Papacy, at the fame Time that Laud patroniz'd a Book written by one Chawney m Defence of the Popijh Religion. Archbiftop Laud is charg d by IVhitlock with procuring the Sentttice againft Prynne j and he was as bufy in tne Lafe of Bafiwick and Burton : The Offence j^n againft them, was for writing againft the Vu.X' i5 ^^'^^ ^^^ L^rd Clarendon gives them thi$ Chatafter. ^ V E 3 Prj-nne €( CC cc m 54 \m illli 'I'. REMARKS on the Prynne conversed with faSiious bdt-keaded Di" n)ines^ and contracted a ^eminous Diflike to the Difcipline of the Churchy and fo hy Degrees^ a$ the Progrefs is very natural^ an equal Irreverence to the Government of the State. This is the Lo- gick, No Bifhop no Government ; for with thele Gentlemen, there can be no Government where there is no Bifhop. Thus the very wife Repub- lick of Holland is no Government, there being no Bifhop ; and the wife Canton of Berne is in a State of Anarchy, becaufe there is no Prelacy. There is a Patriarch at Venice^ and a Bifhop at Litcca., but there is no King; however, there being Bifhops, thefe Gentlemen allow there may be fome Government. His Lordfhip adds, Prynne\ Difcourfes were abfurdy petulant^ and fupercilious : Very ferious and decifive ! Hudibras cxpreffes it more merrily, ^bou that with Ale^ or viler Liquors^ Didji injpire Withers, Prynne, and Vicars. And the witty Author who wrote an Epitaph up* on him, very much admir'd at Oxford : But whilft he this hot Humour hugSj And for more Length of Redder tugs^ Death fangd the Kemnant cf bis Lugs, They feem to ufe Mr. Prynne as Boys do Dogs, and cut off his Ears on purpofe to laugh at him. ^ _ The Earl of Clarendon's Charafter of Dr. Bafiwick^ is, A half-witted crack-brain' d Fellow, ^ho bad gotten a Do^orjhip and Latin^ with wbicb. in a n^cry flowing Stiky be inveigied againfi Hijioryofthe Rebellion. 55 (tgainft the Prelates of the Church j who inveighed much more bitterly againfl him, in thi&detefta- ble Sentence, fo have bis Ears cut off in the Pillory y to pay 5000 1. and he imprifoned in Lanca- fter Caftle. His Lordfhip fays of Mr. Burton the Divine, fbe Vapours of Ambition fiming in bis Heady be would not think, of lefs than being Clerk of the Clofet^ and committed two or three fuch weak^ fawcy Indifcretionsy as caufed an Inhibition that he fhould not come to Court ; fb he turned Le- dlurer, and preached againfl the Bifhops, being endued with Malice and Boldnefs^ inftead of Learn- ingy and any tolerable Parts : Every thing is in the Affirmative ! He was foolifh and fawcv : It could not be otherwife, when he wrote againfl Hy pious a Prelate as Neile^ Bifhop of Durham.^ whom the Parliament had addrefTed againfl. He was malicious and impudent, which is further ex- plained by imtlocky p. 24. He wrote two [mart and floarp fra^is aiainft Epifcopacy. Weak Men, without tolerable Parts, are mofl likely of any, to write fharp and fmart Trafts. If I fhould char^ the Noble Hiflorian with the Prevarication here, his Admirers, to a Man, would call me faucy > but they dare not charge me with Falfliood, with- out charging Mr. l^^bitlock alfb, who, as I have often obferved, is univerfaliy allowed to be the faireft Writer in our Language. The People ©f England were generally aneded with the Inhu- manity thefe Sufferers met with from Laud^ and his Brethren. This was fhewn by great Compa- nies attending them when they were carried to • their feveral Gaols, and when they returned to London, The Earl will needs have it, that the Men, Women, and Children, who went out of the City to meet them, were an fnfmrec^ion\*2,g. 202^ againfl the King 5 a terrible one indeed, when E 4 Bo\ <»r^ it' -'' ;. 5(5 REMARKS on the I , •I' 3i Boys and Girls, as well as Men and Women, ■were engaged in it: Nay, it was not only an Infurredion, but an artful one ; the Contrivance doubtlefi, of Mr. Selden, and Mr. Hampden ; M Effea of great Induftry and Policy : Again,' All Tulpits were freely delivered up to the fchifmatical anajilenced Preachers. I have elfewhere fhewn, what his Lordfliip would have us underftand by Schifm. The Re- formed Religion eftabliftied in Holland, Geneva, S'jctprland, Scotland, &c. The filenced Preachers, •were thofe whom Laud:'s fpiritual Courts had turned out of their Churches, for oppofing the Pro- fenation of the Lord's Day. This is Fad, and Will not be denied me. Now as to the delivering up of the Pulpits, Pag. 49, read vihzt Hr^Calamy writes. It bath, indeed, heen ajferted, f Secret Hiftory^ one cannot but be enamoured with it 9 though what Occafion was there for fb much Craft, when London^ as his Lordfhip inti- mates, was the Sink of all the ill Humours againft the Church , and inftead of 20,000 Hands, might have produced 100,000. The Addreffes in Har- ley\ Time, were, for the moft Part, got that ;Wav, as was then fufpefted. The chief Knave 4n the Contrivance of this Trick, was Mr. Stephen Marjlial^ who was, by no means, acceptable to the Royalifts ^ and who, for denying in his Fu- neral Sermon for the Great Mr. Pj^w/, that he died of the Lowly Difcafe, was llifficiently railed at by that Party. A, Wood calls him the Arch- Flamen of the Rebellious Rout. The beft Name they can find out for the Lords and Commons of England J in Parliament Affembled. A. Woody the Oxonian^ calls them, fhe Rebellious Rout; • and the Hiftory of the Civil War, is intitled, ^he Hiftory of the Rebellion. His Lordfhip aflures Pag. loy.us, fhe Ceremonies had been long pra5hfcd -, but he does not tell us by whom. The Papifts had long pradiled them, it is true ; but all Reformed Chriftians had complained of tlicm, and protefted againft them. I take this Opportunity to declare. That I do not lay, or infinuate, any thing againft decent Ceremonies in divine Service, as it is my own Opi- nion ; for I have leen the Pradice of them by ferious Chriftians^ which has been very ediiying ; but HifloryofthKBBhLtioi^. 59 but thole ferious Chriftians have not made them eflential ; nor wanted Charity fo much as to enforce them , nor embracing the Form re- nounced the Power of Godlinefs ^ nor made ufe of them as a xMark of Diftindion, to opprefs their fcrupulous, conlcientious Neighbours, and fervc their Paffions or Interefts. This bad Ufe of them is the Subjed: of Complaint, in all faithful Rela^ tions of the Fads at that Time. Thofe Preachers who were moft Zealous for them, in order to eftablifh them out of Bigotry, or Spite, compli- mented the Court with abfolute and defpotick Power. The Court accepted of their grateful Adoration, and, in Return; beftowed a fubordi- nate Power on themfclves. This Dodrine was the only Way to Favour. The Party monopolized the Name of Church, and all that would not fub^ mit to their Domination, were Fa^ious, Seditious., Schifmattcal^ and whatever elfe Malice and Raee could think p£ They cannot deny, that this is the fair State of the Cafe ^ and it will ferve turther, to explain thole Terms which are the Hieroglyphicks of the Hiftory of the R^^^///o;/, and ftand m ftead of Liberty, Grievances, and Refor- mation, as has been before hinted, and muft be hmted again, to clear Things as we go. ^ The Eari tells us, ^hc Houfe of Commons^ th.^V^g. 2c6. ts,tf}e major Part, made no Scruple., in that Heat to declare., That the Convocation had no Power tl niake Canons., notwithjlanding it was apparent by Law., and the uncont radioed Pra^ice of the Church that Canons had never been otherwife made -, IV Inch notable Vote and Declaration 1 cannot pretend to quote whole Sentences out of his Lordfhip's Hifto- ry i there is fuch Pkmy of Words, that one pan fcarce tell which to take of them, and which to leave. The Matter will come into lefs than ^ tenth Part of them. Sir Harbottle G)'imJlon^ m y £C 4( €C C( CC ^ 38. The Houfe com- manded Mr. Speaker to write to the City of London^ to advance 60,000/. {o that the formal Ambafladors had no greater Truft, than a Penny Poftman. In the City, all the gra'Ve and juhfian- fiat Men were left out in the Ele^ons of Com- • mon Council Men : The Puritans were, it ftems, all the rakehelly and beggarly Fellows, which eve- ry one knows could not be otherwift. I believe I ftall be excufed for not taking Notice of his Lordlhip's levere Animadverfions on the Parliament, for taking Care that the Money they gave, Ihould be applied to the in- tended Hi/iory of the Keb^lljo^. tended Ufes. STbey did not leave the Kin^ Money to buy Meat. I underftand that to be, they did not leave Money to be lavifli'd on Favourites and Flatterers- for they always look on their own Mea^ or rather their own immenfe Trea- fures, as the King's • or rather, indeed, the Kings, as their own. 'fwas thought neceffary that the People Jhould be refrejhed with foml behooveful Law, After fo many Subfidies given to fecure the Sitting of Parliament, which had been difcontmued twelve Years, the rriennial Bill was brought into the Houfe of Commons and IS the behooveful Law, with which the Noble Hiftorian makes himfelf merry ; for the Word behooveful^ has too much Scotch in it to have a Place in a Hiftory of Eloquence, had it not been to make a Jeft of that Ad of Parlia- ment, which was foundtd on the beft Policy at that Tunfture ; as we fee by the Lord D;jrby\ Speech concerning it : " Surely there is no Man, ^^ but will conclude with me, that as the Want of CC ^f J^^nients hath been the Caufa Caufarum of ^^ aU the Mifchiefs and Diftempers of the pre- CC f"^/^T^^I ^^ Frequency of Parliaments is ^^ the lole Catholick Antidote that can preferve ^^ and fecure us, for the fixture, fi-om the like Danger. This noble Lord will be allowed to have done much more in Perfon, for the King's Service, «ian the Earl of Clarendon^ yet he is fo far Irom laughing at this Beboirveful, that he adds, ^^ Let me yet draw my Difcourfe a little nearer ^^ to his Majeftv himfelf, and tell you, that the CC ^^^qjifncy of Parliament, is moft eflentially CC "^^"^^y, ^o the Power, the Security, the Glory of the King." We muft obferve fur- ttier that the Lord Digby calls the Male Ad- 5uniitration of Vtllim^ Ifentwortb^ Laud, &c. the 61 M ■ 6z REMARKS on th the Dijievipers of that Time, as being the Caufe of the Grievances which made them. Now the Lord Clarendon calls the Complaints which thofe Grievances occalioned. The Diftempers in which their Lordfhips agree, as Laud and Hugb Peters did. r u 1 did enough confider the Difficulty of the Task, when I firft thought of this Uridertakiiig- I remember I had met with numberlefs Inftances of Prevarication, and Mifreprefentation in the Hiftory of the Kehellion ; but I did not remem- ber, that almoft every one of the Hiftorical Inftances, were of that Kind ; which, however, is to be proved in Part, or in Whole, were it not to write a Library, inftead of a Book. The Turn given to the intended Advancement of Hollis^ Pym^ and other Leaders in the Houfe of Commons, is of the fame Nature. St be great Patriots thought they might he able to do their Country better Service^ if they got the Places and Preferments for themfelvesy and fo prevent the evil Counfels which had ufed to fpring from thence. This is Raillery ^ though the Touth is, the evil Counfels did fpring from the evil Counfellors^ and if they had been turned out, there might have been Hopes at leaft, that the evil Coun- fels would have gone with them. The Men to be removed, have no Charadter of Wifdom left, in any one Inftance of their Counfel or Adtion : The Men to be put in, are eminent for Abili- P 2x ^^^^ ^"^ S^°^ Principles. The Lord Clarendon himlelf owns, it was great Pity they had not been put in j and from the Behaviour of Mr St. John^ one has Reafon to believe, thefe Gen- tlemen were not ready to facrifice the Liberties and Properties of their Fellow Subjefts, to the Ambition of Favourites, or Bigotry of Priefts, but would have preferred the publick Intereft, Hijloryofthe Rebellion. ^3 to all private Confiderations. Mr. St. John ac- cented of the Place of Sollicitor General. He did not, in. the leaft Degree, abate his imlit-- mttt Spirit, but, with the fame Obftinacy, opposd every thing which might advance the Kings Ser- •vtce. It will be granted me, that malignant Sprtt here, is nothing worfe, than his being fenfible of the ill Eflfeds of the evil Counfels before mentioned ; and that the Kiti£s Service here, IS nothing better, than the skreening thofe evil Counfellors, and filling the Exchequer with Money, to enrich Court Flatterers, and render Parliaments ufelefs. The Forms for the Earl of Strafford's Tryal have the fame Infirmity. They could find no Precedent would fit their Cafe ; whether it fimild be m the Houfe of Peers ; who fimild profecute • " whether Members chofcn of the Commons, or the Kmg s Council^ whether ' the Bifijops fiiould have "'"u, T ■ ^i' ^'y"^- '^^^ ^^"'"g "P fhe Benches in Weftmmfter-Hall, is reprefented as an Ad of Cunning. "They forefaw they might be put to mother Kind of Proceeding j inHnuating the turn- ing the Tryal into an Attainder ; but the ar- guing againft trufting the King's Council with a Caufe againft the King's chief Favourite, is prodigious. If one Mortal in the Houfe of Commons, ever thought of fuch a Thing, lure he could not be fo weak as to mention it : yet „^°"'y ^«3fon we have againft it in the Hiftory of the Rebellion, is. That the King's Council did not know the VVitnelfes the Parlia- ment had procured j it is not faid, fuborn'd. fhey Pas i, f did notkno^jbeir fecret Evide^ice. An Infinua- ^" ^' tion, which feems to me, to have no more of Honour in it, than of Charity. The Bifhops J\l ^^*^"^t*^' o'"/^'^'^'" fo'-bidden. Attendance tne I r)'a], for fear of their being, too tender- hearted i ^4 REMARKS on the Pag. 40. hearted ; as in the Story of Dr. Leighton^ whoj by a bloody Sentence, was fcourged and man- gled, in a more cruel Manner, than ever Chri- ftian Slave fufFered at Morocco. iVhitlock tells us the Truth with great Simplicity, fhe Bi- fmp were excluded hy the Canons of the Churchy to be afliftant in Cafes of Blood and Death ; and therefore they ahfented thevtfelves from this q'ryal This Canon, the Earl fays, was the only one they acknowledged for Orthodox : Among the Volumes of Canons, of Councils, and Synods, the Houfe of Commons allowed this only one to be Valid, Clerictis non dehet interejfe fanguini. I do not conceive how this needs any Remark. But though they had this old Canon on their Side, they only made ufe of it as a Pretence 5 for there was a Judas among the Bifhops, who, without Law or Reafon, had promifed to get the Bifliops out of theHoufe^ by terrifying or abufing them, fhey had a Trick of doing their Bufinefs, Hift. Reb. p. 216. Bifhop Williams was a Puritan, fo far as to love none of the Bijbops. Witnefs every Word of Biftiop Racket s Life of that very Bilhop IVilliams, When his Lordfliip is commending Mr. Palmer, one of the Managers at Strafford's Tryal, for his Decency of Language. He informs us. Palmer loji all his Credit with them, and never reco- vered it. The Term Them, and fhey, implies, a Confpiracy in the Parliament of England, to deftroy that Conftitution, which they endea- voured to preferve, as long as their Votes were free, and no Force was put upon them. Mr. Fag i\%. Palmers Arguments had more JVeight, than all * the Noife of the reft. Some of them, it feems, could Bite, as well as Bark ; for the Queen, who heard the Tryal, upon fome Ex/:eptions taken againft what jSir If alter Ear} h^d fpoken, asked, Hijiory of the Reb^l Li o^^l asked who he was, and being told, faid, 9"hat Water Dog did Bark, hut not Bite ; hut the reft did Bite clofe. The Earl of Clarendon teJis us, they did nothing but Bark, or make a Nolle. There is a very entertaining Relation in the Hiftory of the Rebellion, of a Difference in Opinion, which once only happened between Mr. Hyde, the noble Hiftorian, and the Lord Falkland, and that was about Bifhops. Mr. Hyde and that Lord always Sitting together, and Voting together, 'till this Debate happened, in which the Lord Falkland differed fl'om Mr. Hyde^ who fpoke for the Bifhops. His Lordfhip did not remain long in that Opinion, the Effect of Mr. Hampden s tampering with him, but in Six Months Time he gave them all the Oppofitioii he could, being convinced by wifer Men than Mr. Ha?npden, that he was out in every W^ord of his Speech. Kufljw. p. 1342. A little Search will find the Bifhops to have been the Deftru^ Clion of Unity, under Pretence of Uniformity, and to have been lefs eager upon thofe 'xho damn our Church, than upon thofe who, upon weak Confciences, only abftained from it, &c. His Lordfhip is only telling Fad:, known to every one that heard him, and, unlefs the Fad had been falfe, what Arguments could he meet with, to convince him that he was wrong ? Such Arguments, doubtlefs, as prevailed upon Sir Thomas Wentworth, Mr. Noy, Lord Bigby, and others, to quit the Party and Principles which they had zealoufly efpoufed, but did not fucceed with Mr. St. John ; and 1 F Mr. Hollis, Mr. Pym, Mr. Hampden, had given Ear to fuch Arguments, by accepting the Places that were offered to them, I queftion whether F they «5 if 66 REMARKS on the they would have been convinced by them, m the Manner the Lord Falkland was The Clamour that was "^^'^f^'^J^^..^^^^^ by the Obftrudion the Earl of Strafford s^^ of Attainder met with, put it mto fome Com- Ltion, and the Lord Clarendon mforms us the Diffenters in Parliament, which werejiot many, had their Names written in Pieces ot vlllr with S^K AFFO K D JANS fuperfcnb d, fvS iT not all the Truth for the L..^..... niftur'd thefe Straffordians hanging up by ttie K, with the Superfcription before menti- ^ ^'be Ceremonies had been in conftant Pra5ltce^ fince the Reformation : Hift. Reb. p. 233. Be- fides that everybody knows, the conftant Ptadice of receiving the holy Sacrament fince the Reformation, was at the Communion Table, in the Body of the Church, ^^^ich ^^^^^ m- novated to an Altar at the Eaft End, wd^ Steps and Rails; '^^^?>^'^'tuTulwZn now brought in again, which had been thrown out, and other Innovations of ftill a mo^ Icandalous Nature, as profaning the Sabbath by a publick Edia, and other Novelties ; fome of which, the Papifts themfelves would have rejeded, as particularly the Book of Sports There were only at that Time taken Notice of the Lords Say and Brook ^^/^^j^^^^^^^ P,. ,,, Fabrick of the Church. The Lord fbarton^^ ^'^'"^^\s much 'taken Notice of as either of thofe two other Lords ; and tho' the Earl of Effe^J Houlhold Chaplain, was fo very Orthodox, the Chaplain to his Regiment was the lame Mr. Stephen Marfljal, who is charged with tarn- fying the London Petition againft the Bilhops. The Hijlory of tbeKEBELLioN. 67 , I'he Confpiracy in the Army, to afllft the King againft the Parliament, has not been que- ftioned by any fober Writer^ but the Lord Clarendon does not allow the Confpirators to have been in earneft, only to talk of fuch a bold Thing out of Frolick : But if there was nothing dangerous intended by it, why was the King's Sign Manual to a fort of Aflbcia- tion fent down from London to them, to fet their Hands to it ? " There was not, fays the P. 24^. " Earl of Clarendon, a Man in the Company, " who did not perfeftly abhor that odious ^ Propofition, to bring up the Army to Lon-- don, and awe the Parliament, but contented themfelves with making fuch Objedlions, as " rendered it ridiculous. '' If the Bufineft was fo merry, why were the Junto of Officers, who tranfadled it, fworn to Secrecy ; as IVbitlock informs us? and Ludlow, p. 15. "At P. 44. this Time a treacherous Defign 'was fet on Foot, not without the Participation of the King, as appeared under his own Hand, to " bring up the EngUflo Army, and, by Force, " to difTolve the Parliament, ^d' This Incident, and the Stabbing Mr. Hayward, a Juftice of the Peace in IVefiminfier, by one James a Papifl^ whom he had fummoned before him to take the Oaths, encreafed Peoples Jealoufies ex- treamly, and could liave no other Effecft, un- lefs they believed, as the Earl of Clarendon would have us believe. That the Junto of the Army were in Jeft, and James the Papifl, a , crazy Wretch, who fhould rather have been fent to Bedlam to take Phyfick, than have been lent for by a Juftice, to take the Oaths. The Proof of the Innocence of the Junto, which his Lordfhip offers to the Reader at the Clofe V z of 68 REMARKS on the Pag. 25-1. cF the Affair, is, That thofe of them ^vho were accufed^ fled to France j not that there was any Harm in what had been doing, but becaufe they would not truft the Lords and Commons of England^ whofe Formality of Ju- ftice, was firft to imprifon^ and after^ at their Leifiire^ to examine. All thefe crafty Defigns was to pafs the Earl of Strafford's Bill of At- tainder, and, truly, they could not ufe too much Craft, where there were no fewer than 50 odd Voices againft the Bill, and but 150 for it, in the Houfe of Commons. The Confpiracy in the Army, which was never denied, could not but alarm the People within Doors and without, who were much in the Right to apprehend Danger from an Armed Power^ having already fuffered fo much from a Power without Arms. This occafioned a Pro- teftation or AfTociation, oppofite to that of the Soldiery : In this Proteftation, they refolved to defend the Church of England agaiiifl^ all Popery^ and Popifh Inno'vattons. His Lordfhip intimates, that many well-affedied Perfons fell in with this, on account of the Claufe to defend the Proteftant Religion, expreffed in the Dodrine of the Church of England j but againft all Popifh Innovations, is left out ; fuch as Altars^ Bow- in^s^ ^3c. which were never reckoned as Part of the frue Reformed Proteftant Religion, By a Sketch of the Lord Say's Character, one may learn what Foundation there is for other Characters in the Hiflory of the Rebellion. Pa:;. 2)6. " Many believed his Will was much worfe than " his Underftanding', and that he intended to " betray the King." IVhitlock^ whofe Since- rity admits of no Sufpicion, and who knew this Lord much better than Sir Edivard Hyde did. Hijiory of the R e b e l l i o n. ^9 id, tells us. He was a Man of great Parts, Wifdom^ and Integrity. The Memorials fhew how well the Lord CommifTioner IVhitlock, and the Lord Say, were acquainted, />. 60. iSc. The Earl of Strafford's Fate approaching, we are told. Great Multitudes of People came doim to Weftminfter, making Outcries with great Rudenefs and Infolence ^ with unheard-of aHs of Infolence and Sedition-., the Rabble cried out^^^.g. ^r^, Juftice, with infolent i'hreats in their traiterous Riots. All this is the Sobriety of Hiftory - whereas the fober Fad is, in JVhitlock, " The ^^ King being much perplexed, between the Clamours of a difcontented People, and an " unfatisfied Confcience, took Advice of " feveral Biihops, and of others his inti- " mate Counfellors, and the major Part of J them urged to him, the Opinions of the ^^ Judges, Sthat this was "treafon, and the Bill ^^ Legal They prefled likewife the Votes of ^^ Parliament, that he was hut one Man j that ^ no other Expedient could be found out to ap- *^ peafe the inraged People. " Without adding, as in the Hiftory of the Rebellion, Ton ought to be more tender of the Safety of the Kingdom, than of any one Perfon, how in^ nocent foe^er. Inftead of mentioning his Jnno^ cence, they alledged the Opinions of the Judges, that the Charge was ^reafon. We are then informed, that Bifhop Williams, one of the Biftiops whom the King confulted, ufed unprelatical, ignominious Arguments. Bifhop Racket, in his Life of that Prelate, informs us. That he ufed no Arguments at all: Though I have good Reafon to objed againft many Paffages in Bifhop Haekefs Book, F 3 yet 1)^* 1} 70 REMARKS on the \i • yet in this which fo much concerns his Patrorfs Reputation, I cannot forbear giving Faith to it : Yet the Lord Clarendon redoubles upon Biihop IVilliams^ and affirms. He aded his Part with prodigious Boldnefs and Impiety. Af- ter which, I recommend the reft of the noble Hiftorian's Hiftory of Strafford^ which is writ-, ten with equal Candour and Sincerity, efpe- cially that furprizing Piece of fecret Hiftory, IF the King refufed to pafs the Bill^ a great Perfon who had Command in the Tower, would l)ave caufed his Head to be ftricken off j mean- ing, with much Charity, that the Parliament would have had the Earl of Strafford aflaffi- nated, I F they could not get him executed : But the King was prevailed upon to confent to it, by a pathetical Letter from the Earl himfelf j which Letter is mentioned by IVhit- lock., but with this Doubt, A Letter was [aid to be fent. The Lord Clarendon is pofitive here, as in all other fuch Paflages, though what follows out of the Lord Commiflioner JVhitkck^ proves, that this Letter was never Mem 44 f^^^^ or if fent, 'twas a Farce ; for the Earl of Strafford did not believe a Word of what he writ, but depended ypon the King's Fa- vour to him, to the laft. '' After he had " figned the Bills, the King fent Secretary ^' Carleton to the Earl, to acquaint him with ^' what was done, and the Motives of it, " efpecially the Earl's Confent, who ferioufly ^^ asked the Secretary, Whether his Majefty ^' had paffed the Bill or not ? as not believ- ^' ing, without fbme Aftonifhment, that the *^ King would have done it s and being af- \ furcd it was pafs'd, he role up from his Chair, lift up his Eyes to Heaven, laid his ^ Hand Htjlory of the Rebellion. '^ Hand on his Heart, and faid. Put not your '^ ^ruft in Princes^ nor in the Sons of Men., *^ for in them there is no Salvation. '' The Writing of the pathetical Letter, was only Re- port, as in IVhitlock j but Strafford's being deceived in the King's Behaviour, is told us, without any Doubt of the Truth of it. The Lord Clarendon had as many Opportu- nities to know this, as Mr. IVhitlock j why then do we not find it in the Hiftory of the Rebellion ? This Tragedy ends with Two I F's 5 If his Majefty had^ inftead of paffing that AB^ come to the Houfe and diffol'ved the Parliament^ or. If he had withdrawn himfelf from that feditious City^ and put himfelf in the Head of his own Army^ much of the Mifchief had been prevented. > Thele Two IF's are fb very much out of the Way, that his Lordfliip gives them up in the very next Words, though not for the fake of another I F, which I will help his Admirers to j I F the King had put himfelf at the Head of his own Army, after he had difTolved the Parliament, and had left the City of London exafperated againft him, what fine Work would the Scots Army have made with the King's, which would have had the whole Nation, in a manner, to contend with in Front, and the victorious Scots Army in Rear ? I have hinted in another Place, that the Pa- negyrifts on the Earl of Strafford^ exhauft them- felves in the Praife of his Wifciom, tho* there is not one Faft in Hiftory, which gives a Colour to that Panegyrick ; for furely they will not allow the Gounfel he gave the King, to deftroy the Con- ftitution, to be a very wife Aft. He was a Man of great Obfervaticni., and a piercing Judg^ V 4 ment. 71 7^ p. 260. fe REMARKS on the ment. Was that fame Counfel of his, which was proved upon him by the Earl oiNorthim-- herland, one of the greateft and wifeft Peers in the Englijh Senate, a Specimen of his great Obfervation and piercing Judgment^ But there would be no End of it, if one fhould go about to difprove their Eulogy: The Ihorteft, and furcft Way, will be to fuppofe always the con- trary. The Lord Clarendon tells us. No Privy Coun- fellor had Parts equal to the Earl of Strafford , but the Lord Co'ventry^ and IVhitlock^ tell us, as I have told you already. The Lord Con^en- try was of no tranfcendent Parts or Fame. What Hope have we to find Likenefs in any one of their Piftures ? The Argument for taking Tonnage and Pound- age, without Confent of Parliament, is as amaz- ing, as convincing. It inuft always he acknow- ledged as the free Gift of the People^ Hift. Reb. p. 264. But though it was a free Gift, and of Confequence to be paid, or not paid, as the Parliament enaded, yet it was Jo ejfential a Part of the Revenue ^ that the King could not be without it. What follows, has ftill more Wonder in it : As the King is not lefs King lefore bis Coronation^ than he is after^ fo this Duty had heen ftill enjoyed as freely as before: As i'interden Steeple was the Caufe of Goodwin Sands^ fo good People love one another. The King was liich before the Coronation, but the Duty was no Duty, 'till it was given by Par- liament: If it was ftill enjoyed, the Poifeilion was never difputed ; but when the Parliament did difpute it, 'twas no more a Duty, becaufe it was to be their free Gift. The Hijiory of the Rebellion. The Parliament thought they had good Rea- fons to defer giving this Duty ^ and the King's Officers forc'd the Payment of a Free-Gift to the Ruin of Trade and Traders. The Cuftom-houfe Officers, by Encouragement from their Matters, being fo infolent as to declare. If all the Parlia-^^lntU ment were concern d in Mr. Rolls, a Member's P^S- «^ Goods which they had feiz'd, they would make Seizure of them. The Earl himfelf, when Mr. Hyde^ fpoke againft the feizing of the Merchants Goods, and denying them Juftice ^ " As for that prefump- " tuous Decree againft Mr. Kolls^ and others, and, in Truth, whatfoever Glofs they put up- on it, it is no other than a plain Grant of the Subfidy, ^c. The Judges refus'd to grant the Merchants Replevins, which we all know, as in no other Suit lies againft the King, if the Goods be in his own Hands j fb that the Injuftice there, is not fo fcandalous as the " Fraud." What ihall we call thcfe Judges, who permitted the Force put upon Mer- chants to pay the Tax, which, in the Hiftory, we are told by the lame Perfon, it was their Duty to pay ? We read in the Hiftory of the Rebellion.^ pag. 279. That upon the King's going to Scotland^ fhe Parliament defird he would leave a Com- miffion with fome Perfons to pafs A5is ; but when they found that no fuch Co^nmiffion could be legally granted, ~ How could they find this, when fuch a Commiflion was aftually fign'd to divers great Lords for paffing of Bills in his Ab fence? Whitl. pag- 45. I will not flatter the Noble Hiftorian lb much, as to extol the Art with which the tragical Story pf the truly horrid Rebellion in Ireland is intro- duc'd J cc cc 74 Pag. 2 !' REMARKS on the duc'd ; for the Defign by it lies too open ; and I no fooner read, / 7nuft not omit here the Dif handing another Army^ the Circumftances whereof 'were the Caufe of much Trouble^ than I knew that the Mafiacre which foUow'd, would be im- puted to the King's parting with that dear Army, v/hich had been rais'd by the Earl of Strafford to invade Scotland^ if not England. 8S. I fhall only repeat the Words of the Hiltory concerning Mr. Fym's Intrigues with the French JEmbaflador, One or two affirm d^ that he receinfd Five thoufand Pounds, as a Bribe^ of the Emhaffa- dor 0/ France. The Committee of Parliament from Ireland^ mention'd in the Earl of Strafford's Trial, had fome Forefight of the bloody Maf- facre, and therefore are very blame-worthy for not taking more Care to prevent it. The Par- liament of England being adjourn d in Auguft^ 1 641, the Earl of Clarendon does not part with them in any better Humour than he kept them Company. Befides all their extraordinary A^s of Blood, One would think they had been fo many Butchers ; tho' this All may be reduc'd to a foil- tary Bill of Attainder. ^he High Commiffion Court was an excellent Means to prefernje the Dignity and Peace of the Church, A Member of the Houfe of Com- mons faid in a Speech, Kujhw. p. 1345, With *' the Papifts there is a fevere Inquifitwn^ and ^^ with us there is a hitter High Commiffion ^ yet ^* herein their Inquifitors are letter than our *' High Commiflioners ; they do not punifh ^' fuch as profefs and praftife their Religion: ^^ but with us, how many poor diftrefled Mi- ^' nifters, how many Scores of them, have been ^^ lately fufpended, degraded, and excommuni- ^' cated, though not guilty of the Breach cA any Hijlory of tjje Kebellion. 7 j ^^ eftablifh'd Laws ? " Thefe were the Methods of preferring the Peace of the Church, Quite contrary to thofe many Scores, who were in- deed fome Hundreds, the Earl writes, / do not know that ever any innocent Clergymen fufferd by any Ecclefiaftical Cenfure. We will give up all the Puritans who were conformable till Laud's Innovations : Were not the following Divines in- nocent, Dr. Hall^ Bifhop of Norwich s Dr. Pr/- deaux^ Bifliop of IVorcefter j Dr. Brownrigg, Bi- fhop of Exeter j Dr. Moreton^ Bifhop of Dwr- hani'^ all the orthodox Anti-Arminians, Heads of both Univerfities, and alfo Dr. Saunderfon and Dr. Featly^ with many others, who underwent the fame Fate with the Puritan Miniflers ? Coke Vol. I. p. 350. The Star Chamber Court was put down, for a thoufand Enormities committed there during Laud^s Adminiflration , but, fays his Lordfhip, the putting of it down^ was not more politick^ than the fetting of it tip again may be thought hereafter, JVhilft it was gravely and moderately govern d^ Pag. 28^, it was of excellent Ufe to preferve the Dignity of the King -, as the High Commiflion Court was faid to be to preferve the Dignity of the Church. The Lord Andover^ in his Speech againfl this excellent Court, informs us, that the very l^^ords of the Statute \n\\\c\i^ikt it up, clearly fhew, that it was a needle fs Inftitution atfirfl^ and now grrdon to a Monfter. Rufhw. 1 359. At the Clofe of the firft Volume, the Earl gives a Lift of the popular AcSs pafs'd by the King during the firft Seflion of this Parliament, and, as if it had all been done out of his Ma- jefly's own voluntary Motion, the laft Sen-, tence is fomewhat Rhapfodical. " Thefe A€t^ ^ were everlafting Monuments of the King'5 " Princely 76 REMARKS on the Princely and Fatherly Affedbion to his People, and fuch an Obligation of Truft and Re- pofe from his Majefty in the Hearts of his Subjedts, that no Expreflions of Piety, Du- ty, and Confidence from them, could have been more than a fufficient Return on their Parts/' General Ludlow reflefts otherwife, '' The King pleas'd himfelf with Hopes, that a fea- Ibnable Time for difTolving the Parliament would come, and then all Power reverting in- to his own Hands, he would deal with their new-enafted Laws, as he had done before with their Petitton of Kight^ &c. The triennial Bill was purchas'd by the Aft of Tonnage and Poundage ^ the Star Chamber Bill by the Poll Money, pafs'd at the fame Time, and other Bills were pals'd to appeafc the Cla- piours of the People. Hijiory of the Re b ell to n. 77 cc cc cc cc cc cc cc cc cc CHAP- CHAP. H. Containing Remarks on the Hiflory of the Rebellion, Vol. I. Part 11. N the Beginning of the Second Part of the Firft Volume, is an Error of ib little Weight, that I cannot ac- count for it ; " When the KingPag. 4r. came to Tork^ which was about the Middle of Auguft^ he found no Part of " either Army disbanded." IP'hitlock writes. It was agreed to disband both the Armies^ which was ac^ cordingly done the 6th of Auguft • and the King went from London the loth. Hijl. Reb. 290. The Encouragement given to Popery and Papifts was fo great, that the Earl is oblig'd to confefs it, pag. 148, 149. " The Papifts had ^^ for many Years enjoy 'd a great Calm j they ^ were look'd upon as good Subjedls • their ^* Pomp and Boldnefi encreas'd ^ they refbrted ^' at common Hours to Mafs, with as much Bare- " facednefi as others went to Church ; they ^^ made Profelytes with fuch Circumftances, as ^^ provok'd the Rage of powerful Families • the ^^ Priefts were departed from their Modefty and Fear 3 and for the moft invidious Protedlion of I r8 REMARKS on the i W 1 '^ of that whole Party, publick Agents from Rome refided at Lowdo;/, in great Port ; pubhcic- Iv vifited the Court, and were avowedly relort- ed to by the Catholicks of all Conditions over whom they alTum'd a particular Jurifdiaion. With a great deal more of the like Nature : Yet his Lordfliip can t help laughine at the (hallow People of England, to be at all jealous of the Growth of Popery, and complainmg of the Fa- vour ftiewn to Papifts. The Earl and other Writers of the fame Bent, ufe much Ceremony when they (peak t)f them ; they are the C^^r^o- licks, the Romans : They may as well call them the Goths, and the Vandals * nont but true reformed Chriftians being of Chrift s Catholick Church: Such as believe, worftiip, and live as the Laws and Rules of our Saviour and his Apo- (lies dired. Such are the true Catholicks, under whatever Denomination they pafs. But the i^^- i>jfis found their Religion on impious and ridicu- lous Rites and Ceremonies, on the vain Inventi^ ons of Men, to fupport the Pride Power, and Avarice of Priefts. Thefe were the Favourites of the Times his Lordfhip writes of ; yet with a merry Air we are told, " The Papifts were the " moft popular common Place, and the Butt « aeainft whom all the Arrows were directed. And fomc Orders of Parliament being made up- on the Occafion of the Countenance given to the Romans, part of which only we have taken from the Htftory of the Rebellion, the Earl tells us, It ferv'd to keep up Fears : And then follows fome poutive Hiftory of the Parliament, which is as Vol.1, courtly, as well grounded i ^f^^ S^.^«^„ V/7 .f Part II. ceuce of Language, without the leajt ReJpUoj fag. 290- Perfons, of how ^- wicked a Man as was wanted. This is ipoKci l\ : Gentleman, the moft efte^' d a.^ ^o^^^ of any Man of his Time. Mr. r^^^^, who v.as liis Neighbour, and in the ftnaeft Fnend- H^; w^tlfl4, and whofe Judgment and Sin- cerity have never yet been calld •« Q?™^ writes thus of Mr. Hampden, His tortune ^^^^- «'^wS Sge, his natural ibilides ^f^^^^^g Affedion to publick Liberty and Applauie in his Country, expos'd him to many Trou- bles : He was a moft aft ye and leading Mem ber • he fpoke rationally and fubtly , was well belov'd in his Country, where he had great Inta^ft ; as alfo in the H-fe of Com- " mons ; and dyd lamented. " ^"' . enough for us to defire, ^hat before we give Credit to any one of his Lordfhip s Characters, j"o or Con, Ls Matter be fettled betvveen the Lord Chancellor, and the Lord 9°T'£ W/?.rv One of the ftankeft Things in all the H/^r; of the Kebellm, is a Confeflton, that the IM of Moutrofe, reprefented as the moft noble and „,agnanimous Hero of his Time, did really pro- pofl to the King to affaffinate the Marquis ^lamlton, and Earl of Jrgyle ; but h,s I^ d^ fhip rallies them for taking Care of themlehe in Scotland , ^ and the Parliament m Engk^^^ for believing that fuch as would milder thole Lords in Scotland, would make no Scruple oi doing the lame to themfelves in England- a it is truly a Matter of Raillery, I am out m my Judgment i as I am, if the Parliament had not I: I cc I 1.1 Hijldry of the Kebrlli ON. 85 good Reafbn to fufpeft under-hand Dealings in the IriJJj Rebellion ; though his Lordfhip in- timates, that thofe that were moft angry, were fuch as had loft Preferments. 'Twas infinuated, ^bat the RebeUion wa$ fomented by the King^\\\^.'^z. or^ at leafl, the ^ueen^ far the Ad-vancement ofhcX. :5oi. Popery-^ and that the Rebels publijlj'd and de- clardy that they had the Kmg's Atithi/rity for all they did : Which Calumny^ though zvith- out the leaft Shadow or Colour of friith^ made more Impreffton^ &c. To have laid the leaft Truth, was not fufficient j therefore it is with- out the leaft Shadow : There's not a Mole nor Blemifli about us. To fay the King contrived it, is not true. I believe it to be falfe • but I do know alfo, that the Rebellion was lo far fo- mented afterwards, that the Rebels were taken into his Service, and employed againft his Pro- teftant Subjects in England. I have very good Reafons why I don't call thofe Subj efts Rebels and I'yaytors^ as the Lord Clarendon does, and one is, that the Parliament which brought in King Charles the Second, juftify'd the War undertaken by the Parliament to vindicate tlieir juft Liberties, and bring Delinquents to juftice ; of which too much cannot be faid, it being fo folemn a Declaration of the Rights of the People, to defend themfelves, and the Laws, againft arbitrary Government and Governors. Further, as to the leaft Shadow and Colour^ fee Cdl amy's Life of Baxter^ pag. 43. " The /ri/7^ " declar'd they had the King's CommilTion for Nvhat they did, and many, even at that Time, weighing all Circumftances, believ'd as much ^ while others reprefented it as a horridly un- juft and fcandalofus Alperfion upon his Ma-^ a jefty^ but as Providence order'd it. O 3 a cer- ••' tain **' 'd ■''''tl I ( u REMARKS on the Hiftoryofthe Rebellion. 87 m\ cc ^* tain memorable Particularity help'd to fet " the Matter in a juft Light. The Marquis " of Antrim^ who was a noted Man among the It'tjlo Rebels, having had his Eftate fe- quefter'd, thought fit^ upon the Reftoration of King Charles the Second, to fue for the " Reftitution of it. The Duke of Ormond^ and the Council, judg'd againft him as one of the Rebels. Whereupon he brought his Caule over to the King, and affirm'd. That what he did, was by his Father's Confent and Au- thority ; and the King referr'd it to fome worthy Members of the Privy-Council, to '' examine what he had to (hew. Upon Exa- mination, they reported, "that they found, he had the Kings Confent^ or Letter of Inftru^t- ons for what he did^ &c." If there was fuch a Letter of Inftrudions, it might probably be for what Antrim fhould do after the King had made an Agreement with the Irijh , for one can- not imagine his Majefty would commiflion the Papifts in Ireland to deftroy the Proteftants, when all the reft of his Subjefts, in England^ Scotland^ and Ireland^ except a very fmall Num- ber, were alfo Prpteftants: But fFhitlock de- ?"g: 4^ Clares, the Rebels gave out, the King was com- ing to ajjiji them with an Army , and that they were authorized by his Commiffion. This is at leaft a Shadow for Peoples Jealoufies, confidering the Temper they were in before. Great Pains is taken to reprdfent the Parlia- ment's Remonftrancc as horrid, full of notori- ous Falfities, inlbmuch, that Mr. Hyde^ Mr. f aimer ^ and others, protefted againfi: it. There was not, in all thofe diftrafted Times, fo un- precedented and irregular an Incident as that Proteliation. The Lords have the Privilege to enter enter their Diffent ; but it was never heard of in the Houfe of Commons. It is true^ lays the Pag. 51;. Noble Hiftorian, Proteftations had not been iifed in the Houfe of Commons ; yet he himfelf was the very Man who began the Protefi ; the moft diforderly Event among all thoie Dilbr- ders ; yet how does his Lordfhip fpeak of the Wifdom, Difcretion, and Sobriety of the Par- ty ? He adds, Jeffery Palmer^ and many more, cry'd out, ^hey did protefi, Thofe many more were but two or three more^ W hitl. p. 49. The Declamation againft the Parliament's Remon- ftrance, is too long to bear Refledlion. With- out a clear Anfwer to any one Article of it, the Hiftorian clofes his Remarks with this polite Paffage, in the Spirit of Sobriety. '' Obferve " the ill Arts which thefe Men ufed to prevail '^ upon the People in general ^ their abfurd ri- '^ diculous Lying, to win the Affections, and " corrupt the Underftandings of the Weak. " Mr. Hampden^ Mr. Hollis, Mr. Selden^ are here call'd Lyarsy Blockheads, and Idiots. Here's Breed- ing and Truth ! Can any thing be more juft, more gallant ? The Abfurdity^ the Ktdiculum^ appear no where in Story, not even in the Au- thor's own Story ; nor the Lye in any one Place, on the Side of thofe whom he deals with lb cruelly. There is not an Inftance like this, in all the Popifh Hiftories written againft HugonotSj Hereticks^ See. As for the Kemon- ftrance^ a faithful Account of it, will be given in a more faithful Hiftory of thefe Times, which will wipe away the Filth with which it is befpat- ter'd in the Hiftory of the Kehellion. It is grant- ed, that the Tyranny and Superftition of the bi- gotted Clergy, were the true Caufes of the Di- ftempers in this Reign ; yet fb obftinatc were their G 4 Abettors '. I ■' I ill 111 t ^. 4^. u REMARKS on the I ^ CQ CC Li Abettors in purfiiing the deftruftive Meafures of that Adminiftration , that they made the King fay this in his Anfwer to the Houfe of Com- mons ; '^ For what concerns Church Government, and thie removing unnecefTary Ceremonies, tbey Ihould have Satisfaftion by calling a " National Synod ; hut he wasrefolvdto maintam " the DoCirine and DifcipUne eftahliJFd by LaWy a^ainfi the Irreverence of Schijmaticks and Sepa^ ratifis^ 'ocherewith of late this Kingdom and this *' City abounds. I have very often taken Notice, that the Lord Clarendon places no body about the King but '■jc.ife Men. 'Tis true, his Lordfhip has not been pleas'd to communicate to us one Ad; of their Wifdom in all his Voluminous Hiftory, unlefs their giving the King io good Counfel as is contain'd in this Anfwer, be allow'd to be one. His Majefty owns, as indeed the Truth was, the Kingdom and City abounded with Puritans j and the noble Hiftorian owns, the whole Na- tion was in Flame, kindled by the Lyes and Follies of Mr. Hollis^ Mr. Hampden^ &c. Was not this a moft proper Jundlure for his Majefty, to threaten the Puritans with the Effefts of his Power ? What Sort of wife Men there were in thole Days ? Much like the fober Men his Lord- fhip fpeaks of, who had all the Rakes and Ran- ters in England of their Party. This was a Pag 2 jy gracious Anfwer, fays the Earl, full of Tem- per ; as in this Expreflion, / will maintain the DifcipUne of the Church againft Schifmaticks and Separatifts -, juft as it had been maintain'd be- fore, by Fines^ Imprifonments^ Stigmatizings, Mu- tilations^ IVhippingSy Pillories .^ Gags ^ Confine- j ptents^ BanifJnnents^ SufpenftonSy Excommunicati- Qiis^ and Veprivatwns of learned and pious Minir Hijlory of the R n b K L L I O N. 89 fiers : They are the Words of the Houfe of Commons, Hiji. Keb. p. 317. tho' his i.ordfhib aflures us, there was not a learned and pious Man among them ; witnefs Mr. Dod, whom a renown d Archdeacon calls a learned Decalosifi, m exquifite Hebrician, a moft pious and hofpitable Man, highly valud by all good Men ; but the noble Hiftorian, who does not allow one ortho- dox Divme to be a Vnritan, no not Dr. rzviffe, Chaplam to that moft pious Princefs the Queen of Bohemia, who the fame famous Archdeacon calls a moft profound Writer, the powerful Cham- pion of the Calvinifts, and the moft acute and lubtle Divme of the Age ; yet the Lord Cla- rendon more than once or twice affures us, there was not one learned or wife Man among them. The Kings Party was made up of Men of them. 220 beft Fortunes, and the beft Reputation in their fe- •veral Countries. The Parliament Party had no Intereft nor Reputation in their Countries. The rroof was, their being chofen Members, and making a great Majority in the Houfe. The JNames of thofe Members mentioned before are another Proof that they had no Fortune! no Reputation ; witnefs Mr. Hampden, the?-:.. •>,. Ktng -was attended to Whitehall by the -isoboie City • "' '"'' That very City which his Lordfhip ftiles, the Sink of all the ill Humours in the Nation ar.d tne King fa,d, abounded with Presbyterians • ml.,^ City accompany 'd his Majefty to I^^^M on the Woi' November -,^1,^ I r^^iKi ^' I. "^""^ '''g^'" to ff'f^ftehall i„ fo terrible a Manner, as oblig'd his Majefty to remove to Hampton Court, the City being, as tn 4 if I m n '."■■■ • -1 ..I ;!( ^o REMARKS on the p n -^n As to the Mma Bill, the Earl is again as po- ^"^' r^tWcTsTuJcan be, that there could je no Mfhat the P..erlf the ^^^^fi^^ I , the King, &c. which being fpoke« by hm m the HoulL we are inform'd it fatisfy d, till the \ 5ollStor.General betray'd his Mailer, and fpok for the Bill, >^'hereas it does not appear, that the Houfc was in the leaft fatisfy d with J^^^^ Jlyde^s Speech 3 on the contrary, MrJ^/J/j^^^ Jio had their Ear more than Mr. Hyde, made a long Speech to the contrary, Mm p. 54- ^' Some worthy Gentlemen have d^^l\^/.. f ; - Opinions, that this Power of the Miht a *' hyKigiht and Law in the King only y other* "affirm^ it to he in the Pfi^^^Z\f^^l '^ crave Pardon to differ from both ^^de « Opinions. I humbly apprehend, f^^ th^ « Power of the Militia is neither tn the King, '^ &^ " He then proves it thus, It ts not tn the Km only, becauje the Power of Money ts not n the W/ -nd without the Power of Money the Power of the MtUtta is of Utile Force^J^^ His Lordfhip has this Argument of his about the Militia being in the King, aga^i and agan^ and we muft as often produce IVhitlock againft '"'sir miliam Balfour, Governor of the ^w^, had refus'd to let the E^^l of 5^;./orrf e^^^^^ tho' 2000 Pounds were offer d him, and re main'd true to the Intereft of the Parliament Tntt p 44. This Man being therefore turn d out, the Earl tells us, he was put in to the ^ J and general Scandal and Offence of the BngW NatL When a Perfon is advanc.d to any Pott, it is for his extraordinary Merit always j when n is difgrac'd, it is always for his extraordmary J^ merit! Every thing that is done is right. They 91 Hijiory of the Rebellion. are infallible. A Governor on whom the King can rely, muft be placed in the "fower , there- . fore Colonel Lunsford is pitched upon. A Man of a moft profligate Charader, but it was not known, that he was fuch a Man, 'till two or three Days after, Hiji, Keb. p. 333. upon the Parliament's Reprefentation againft him. His Lordfhip does not give all Minifters the Title of Reverend : It is not the Reverend Mr. Henry Burton, B. D. but the Infamous Mr. Henry Burton, Batchelor of Divinity, />. 434. All the Learned and Orthodox Divines of England, were looked upon as fcandalous Minijiers : All, without Exception. This is fo ftlf-evident, that notwithftanding we have proved the contrary, it muft be believed, the Tone of it is fo de- cifive. ^be Conjiahle, who was a Ibber Man, and^^,^ known to he an Enemy to Petitioners for Re- drefs of Grievances, mingled himfelf among them, and being difcovered, was kicked about as a Spy. The Parliament informs us, ^^was a Meeting^^g^ it,, of godly well-affeffed Men, The Earl, on the contrary, afTures us. There was not a fober Man amongft them, but a Conftable ; and the Souths wark ConftabJes are, indeed, particularly remark- able for Sobriety. There is a very ferious Piece of Hiftory, P- 339- which, for the Importance of it, 1 will repeat; I'he Wife of Captain Venn, having re- ceived a Letter from her Husband, then in the Parliament Houfe, Imd, with great Indiiftry, folli- cited many People to go down with their Arms to VVeftminfter, upn a Day: She faid. Her Hus^ ^and had fent her IVord, that in the Houfe of (.Gmmons they were together by the Ears, and that 557- 9z ! ' REMARKS on the that the worfer Party, was like to get the better of the good Party ; and therefore her Husband defired his Friends to come wtth their Arms to Weftminfter, to help the good Party. The Par, liament thought this fo very idle a Story, that they would not hearken to it ^ for which his Lordfhip rebukes them, as in other Cafes, and makes Mrs. Fm^'s Intrigues in the City, to be the Foundation on which they built the Bill to take away Bifhops Votes. , , In the Charaaers of the Lord Falkland, and Sir John Colepcpyr, there is a very vifible Affe- aation of faying what one pleafes, or what pleafcs one. Of Mr. Hampden it was faid, He had a wonderful Art of governing and leading Mentnto his Principles and Inclinations ; and of Sir John' Colepepyr, No Man more gathered a general Con- currence to bis Opinion, than he : No, not Mr. Hampden, though Sir John had but an ordinary Prefence, and Way of Speaking. Thefe Gentle- men are ever uppermoft, whatever Difadvantages they lie under. The Sketch of thefe Two Charafters, will ferve to (hew the Samenefs of the Features, in many of them, though the different Air that is given them, makes a beautiful Variety. How much the Lord Digby dcfervcd the great Confidence the King had in him, as the Earl in- forms us, appears by his offering to murder the Five Members whom the King would have leizd in the Houfe of Commons ; to bring them am alive, or leave them dead in the Place, Hift. Rep. p. 360. When his Majefty entered the: Houle, he was attended only by his ufual Guard, and jome few Gentlemen, who put themfclves mt'o their Cm- pany by the iVay, p. 358- I "^^^W have fufpedted this Hiftorv, if I had never read any other. Hijlory of the Rebellion.* 93 Thofe few Gentlemen came accidentally on Purpofe, to put themfelves into their Company. His Majefty, in his Anfwer to the Parliament's Remonftrances, fays. His Attendants were no ether- Pag. ;7^. ivife Armed, than, as Gentlemen, with Swords : The Houfe of Commons declare, as to thofe Swords, and thole few Gentlemen, A Multitude of 50Q Armed Men, in a Warlike Manner, with HalbertSy Swords, and Pijiols, which they held cockd at the Door, p. 376. This A&, carries with it fo much Horror and Weaknefs, that it is liirprizing it fhould come from the Counlels of the Sagacious and Wife, The Lord Clarendon excufes it by laying it at the Door of the Lord Digby, who was in greateft Truft with the King, after he -had deferted the Country Iiitereft in the Houfe of Commons. The Bifhops Proteflation againft the Bill to take away their Votes, is alfo excufed by load- ing Bifhop Williams, with the Blame of it : And the Houfe of Commons, with the Charge of Injuftice, in accufing them of High Trealbn, for which the whole Twelve, who figned the Proteft, were fent to Prifon : Hift. Kek p. ^53- Which is not fb, if Mr. Whitlock is not falfe : fen of them only were committed to the Tower ^ the ether fwo to the BhckKoi, When the Committee of Parliament removed into the City, after the Violence offered, with refpeft to the Five Members, his Lordfhip tells us, ^hey found a Guard af fubftantial Citizens, in^g^^ ,^^ Arms to attend them : And a few Pages forwarder, ^ we -are affured, that tlie Common Council itfelf was fo far from being Men of Subflance, that they were upflirt, famous, and indigent, p. 374. We ' m/^ , "°^ }^ obliged to agree with the Hiftory, tiJl the Hiflory agrees with itfelf The . •:t;i 4. i i/t ,( •••tmi ?4 REMARKS on the ' 1 Mi Pag. S^• I The Earl finds Fault with Major General Skip^ poju who, he fays, rofe from a Centinel ; th^t be Pag- 5S0. ^^5 ;;o^ ^ ilf^» c/ Learning ; ^^ -o^^i^ altogether illiterate : but never the worfe Soldier for that. ^ His Lordihip fpeaking of D/j^^'jy's and Lunsford s, . Rendezvous at Ktngjion, writes thus, *S;?i;^r^/ IVtt- neffes affirmed, that fome Officers, whereof the m^ lelo'ved Lurtsford was one, affiembled together at Kin<^on upon Thames, near Hampton-Court, nnd^ that the Lord Digby came thither to them in a Coach, with Six Horfes, from Hampton-Court, and conferred with them a long iime, and then re- turned. IVhitlock tells the Matter otherwife. " The Parliament were informed, that the Lord " Dizhy, and Colonel Lunsford, were gathering " fome Troops of Horfeat Kingjion, and appeared " in Arms there : Whereupon they order'd the '^ Sheriffs and Juftices of the Peace in all Couii- '^ ties, to fupprefs all unlawful Affemblies. " Ludlow, a Member of the fame Parliament, goes further, ^hofe he had formerly entertained at Whitehall, foon repaired to Hampton-Court, and at: Kin^on upon Thames, appeared in a Military Poflure, with the Lord Digby, and Colonel Lunsford, at the Head of them. The STzvo Houfes hearing thereof, defired the King to dtfperfe the faid Troops. Ludlow pretends, that thofe Military Men had been fed at IVhitehall for fome Time, and are the fame with thole whom the Lord Clarendon makes to join the King only by Accident. I am fenfible, that General Ludlow is partial againft the King, but not always fo unconlcionably as the Earl is partial for him ; and I make no Ufe o{ Ludlow, but to confirm what is faid by others. The Bufinefs of the Five Members, feems to be the Turn to that fatal one of the War. The Hijloryofthe Rebellion. 95 The People were generally exafpcrated beyond meafiire, and the Court was fb apprehenfive of it, that the King, with the Queen, Prince, and Duke of Tork, left London, and removed to Hampton-Court y and IVhitlock Is pofitive, Pag. 5-2. that the Queen carried to Holland with her. Not only her own, and the King's Jezvels, hut the Jewels of the Crown, that with them a fufficient Party might he raifed for the King, Which Two Adts, the deferting the Parlia- ment, and London, and the raifing Money for the raifing a Party, together with Digby s unwarrantable Correfpondence from Zealand, were the Motives to the Parliament, to prepare for their Defence. Some Hiflorians have laboured hard to load the Two Houfes with the Guilt of the War ; but it is very plain, that the King's Counfel- lors, and efpecially the Papifls, and the Clergy, always infpir'd him with Sentiments inconfiflenc widi the Prefervation of Spiritual and Tempo- ral Liberty, which the Parliament and Peo- ple were relblved to have fecured to them, and their Pofterity. They were very importu- nate to have thofe evil Counfellors removed, and Perfbns employed, in whom both the King, and his Subjedls, might put Confidence. This Word is the Occafion of great Mirth in the Hiftory of the Rebellion. The ExprefHon ufed of any Man they had a mind to remove, was, They could not confide /;; him. They had had no Reafon to diflrufl any one. Sir Thomas IVentwortb, and Mr. Noy,, had been zealous for the Intereft of the Country j fb had Sir John Colepepyr., and the Lord FalkLmd ; nay, fo had the Lord Digby, who, by quitting that Interefl, had made himfelf the moft tiniverfally odious cf^&^. 573. any M t :i 5,6 REMARKS Oft the anf Man in the Nation^ as Lord Clarendon con- feffes ; yet this moft odious Man was in higheft Confidence with the King, as his Lordfhip con- fefles alfo; which, methinks, is fufficient for the Parliament to pray his Majefty, not to employ thofe in whom the beft EngUjlomen and Proteftants could not confide ; for the Danger of State Apoftates is not fb much a Jeft, as the Earl endeavours to make it. That great one, the Lord Dighy himfelf, (hews us in a Speech, what juft Grounds the Parliament had, to be careful in whom they confided. " Mr. Noy, and Sir thomas IVentworth " were moft keen and aftive Patriots, when '' the Vctition of Right was in Agitation, and "the latter of them, afterwards Earl of Straf- ford, the firft Mover and Infifter for this Claufe, fhat for the Comfort and Safety of his Suhjerts^ ■ his Majefty would he pleafed to declare his Will and Pleafure^ that all hts Minifters Jlmild ferve him according to the Laws and Statutes of this Realm. And to " whom now can all the Inundations upon our " Liberties, under Pretence of Law, . and the late Shipwreck of all our Property, be attributed, more than to Noy ? And thefe, and all other Mifchiefs, whereby this Mo- narchy hath been brought almoft to the "Brink of Deftruftion, fo much to any, as " to that Grand Apoftate to the Common- ^' Wealth, the Earl of Straffo^'d, " Yet wlm ftrange Mortals were the Parliament, not to confide in every Man that was employed by the King, whofe Minifters had brought his. Kingdom to the Brink of Deftrudion, long before 'twas again brought to the fame BrinK, by paffing the Bill for taking away the Bijhops ^ ^ ° Votes Cc 4C Hi/lory of the Rebellion. Votes in Parliament? which Statute the Earl of Clarendon fays, was ahfolutely invalid and Unlawful, p. 430. though enaded by King, Lords, and Commons. Let us ftop here to refleft a little on the Confiftency of thefe Gentlemens Principles and Praftices. The Earl of Strafford was lo jealous of King Charles the Firft's Government, that he defir'd the Parliament to infert a Claufe in their Peti- tion, to pray his Majefty to govern according to Law. The Lord Dighy declares. That the King's Minifters had almoft deftroyed the Conftitu- tion. The Earl of Clarendon fays, the Lord Strafe ford was the wifeft Man in the Kingdom, and yet he was the chief Man that fo deftroyed it, ac- cording to the Lord Dighy., who, according to the Earl of Clarendon^ was a Man of extraordinary PartSy and univerfal Knowledge-^ and after he had betrayed the Country, he made fecret Offers of his Service to the King^ and fuch Difcoveries as fatisficdhis Majefty., p. 543. This is what might juftly be faid, giving himfelf up Body and Soul. Such Apoftacy as this, cannot be pretended to be a Converfion from the Conviftion of Judg- ment, but a Change for the gratifying Ambition and Avarice. We have feen wlio it was that be- trayed the Parliament, but his Lordfhip does not tell us, who it was that betray'd the King : What- ever he did in the moft private Manner, was quickly f^nown ; not fo much by the Treachery of thofe about him, as by their Rafhnefs ^ for thefe wife ^€n let every one fee what they were driving at. The Earl of Newcaftle was difpatched away ^0 Hull. Did it need Conjuring, to fufpeft it was H to 97 9^ REMARKS on th I* to poflefi himfelf of that ftrong Hold, and thtf sreat Magazine there? The Houfe of Lords tmf- fr^fting his Bufmefs, fent for him back to h^ Attendance in their Houfe ; and both Houfe petitioned to have that Magazine removed to the ^ower of London. _ , . ■ The King made no great Hafte to anfwer their Petition ; but he haftened to Hull in ^erfon and would have feizcd the Magazine, had not Sir John jEfo?-& ^; .fount of it in the fanrie Hiftory : The rude *' People flock'd together, and cried out, Pr- <•' vileze of Parliament, Privilege of Parliament ; " fome of them prefling very near hu own «' Coach; and one calling out with a very loud " Voice, Vo your ^ents, Ifrael, i^c" When the King is to be Great, then he is painted with aU his Glories about him, to excite Terror ; when they would move Pity then the ^idure is aO Mifery and Diftrefs ; the Circumftances ftiU the STpor as low ^ it is faid his Majefty^ now feUen, his Enemies, by which « m^« t^ Parliament, were in fuch a forlorn Condition them felves, that their Adions appeared to be the A temots of Perfons in Defpair, and the Strtiggl'f fo well together, make up the Probability which fupports the Hiftory. Pag« Hiftory of the KEBELLtoti. Page 390 furnifhes us with feveral I F's of the the King s Condition was : « I F the King had « tTkT ^ '^^ ^'''^' "§"'"^ *^ Commons : « i ^t , • ^^'^'"^nded the Judges to profecute « f *^«}z'*"f " °^ Seditious, who drove him « ^y?^ ,"^f-"'«haU : IF he had feiz'd the Five ".^xv, w;. are on tne Court Side: On the Country is another I F in the fame Page ; « I p « the extraordinary Accident, th^t of the Five u ^T^'"' ^^^.T happened, they were finking ^ under the Weight of the Expedation of thol whom they had deluded. » Thofe whom Mr. Selden,SiT Harbottle Grimfton, Mr. Crew, Mr Pi-r- potiit, &c. had deceived with falfe Suggeftions and wicked Mifreprefentations. §S"t.ons, Thefe are the crafty Knaves whom the Hiftory points at by r% and rbem, which, of itfelR IS fufficient to give one a juft Conception of its Integrity and Impartiality. Four or Five Pages atter, there are two I F's, one upon the Back ot another, about the Five Members again. After the King was fo fallen as above mentioned, I FPag. ,-« Jn.^r'l^'* had the Courage to have inked ' upon the Matter of Law; and IF the Lords would have countenanced them ; the Parliament, Who had before impeach'd the Attorney-Genera! ^ennz^!^ °^ ^'"^ '" '^' ^^^^' ""^''' ^-^-^ theflti?. ^ I '^\7«^K's, ^^. I take Notice of inae iPs, for that in the Aftertions of them mere IS no Room left to doubt the contrary - Cirir"'*^ ^i^^y' ^PP'^^'*' '^'^ the Fads and C^cwnftances fairly accompany thefe I F's, in wutory we are upon ; aad for «://? Men to H 2 ■ lofe 99 * ' ( ■■[IT ^ n 106 REMARKS on the lofe almoft every Opportunity that was put mta their Hands, of doing what was beft, is a deplo- rable Inftance of the Frailty of human Nature, or the Vanity of thofe that pretend to Wifdom, which never was of any Ufe to them. With much-a-do the Militia Bill pafled the Lords i a moll unlawful Law, to which that moft honourable Houfe confented, out of fear of the Rabble j for through the whole Courfc of the Earl's Hiftory, whoever brought a Petition, which was not agreeable to the Court, were the Moh^ the Herd^ the Kout -, and whoever petitioned to the Tafte of the Minifters, were the Gentlemen^ the Suhftaiitial^ the Sober Men^ &c. We have remarked already, that his Lordfhip acknowledges there was no Man in Etigland fo univcrfally hated, as the Lord Digby, who being accufed of High Treafon, for advifmg the King to open the War, by retiring to fome fortified P^g 43S. Place, the Earl writes of it thus ; " Pofterity '^ may look upon the fevere Profecution of a " young Nobleman, of admirable Parts, and " eminent Hopes, [which tallies to a Nicety mth univerfally odious] in fo implacable a Manner, as a moft pertinent Inftance of the Tyranny and Injuftice of that Time, not poflible to end " but in fb much Wickednefs, i3c.'' Ibg. 17. Ludlow informs us, ^he Parliament difio^ered that the Lord Digby had, by a Letter^ advifed the King to retire to fome Place of Strength, and there ■ to declare againfi them, Whltlock p. 52. " D#> ^^ advifed the King, to betake himfelf to lome '^ Place of Security, where he, and others, might ^ fafely refort to him, and he doubted not, but " that he fhould do him acceptable Service. This is the firft known Counfel given the King, to declare W^ar againft the Parliament, ^ ' which. Hi/lory of the Rebellion. 101 which, to common Senfe only, is the moft tr^a- lonabJe Advice an evil Counfellor can give, and yet to punift that Treafon, is ryranny and /«- pifticei but Pofterity does not think as his Lordfhip prophefyd they would; and the fame horA Dtgby lived long enough to accufe the ame Earl of Clarendon of Injuftice and Tyrannv. before the Houfe of Peers, Anno Dom. 1663. ' Among other Afts of Injuftice, of which the Earl accufes the Parliament, is their Opening a Letter "iclosd in the Lord Dish's, to Sir Lems Dives, dmaed to the facred Perfon of the ^ueen ; by which IS infinuated, that it was not oSy an unmannerly, but an impious A& ; whereas ther? was no Impiety at all in Digby's Endeavours to involve the Nation in Blood. No Terms are to ufeful to the Gentlemen that %vrite on the lame Side with the Earl, as under Pretence ; tor It give, the Lye to every thing that is faid and done, which is not to their liking. When the Diflentcrs met, after the Uniformity Adl, to worfliip God, it was a feditious Conven- ticle, under Pretence of Devotion ; and the Parliament being about to raife Money to pay Ae Soldiers employ'd againft the Rebels in IrehnL i rlrJ", m//?;/5 Money, wider Pretence of the •K-w^/o/ Ireland, p. 435, in.Ja^y''''*''' °^ Hxprcffion in that Hiftory, is lX\ ,r 'J'^ J^'°"'^ ^f €'MiH.nted if theyfol- Mntf r\ ^"«' notwithftanding the Earl of ^""^"-^^ had offered to affa/Hnate the Marquifs Ae I ^Jl- ^f^ ""^^'^^ '" ^^ »he fame by m ,>?, , ^""^"Ifo", and the Five Memberl y^ ft 'SaJm pofthle for anybody fo much alpa„ ,,. H 3 to ° "• \!\ ll lOX REMARKS on the 111- 1 J 'iii; i'i "' I to think of fuch a Thing, with refped to thofe two Earls, Effex and Holland. IF the King's Refolution to remove the former, had not been too obftinately purfued ^ IF the Staff had remained ftill in his Hands, it had been very difficult, IF not utterly im- poffible, for the Two Houfes to have raifed an Army, I F the Earl of Effex had not been Pag. 4/6. the General. The many Meflages . and Anfwers in the Hi- ftory, are introduced, in a manner, to preju- dice the Reader, for or againft the Contents of them, as it anfwers the End. They arc tedious declamatory Pieces, written and anfwered without any Hopes of putting an End to the Difpute by them , fo we (hall leave them to the Leifure and Patience of the Reader. The next remarkable Paflage is, where his Lord(hip fays of the Reverend AfTembly of Divines, fummoned by the Lords and Com- mons in a Sytiod^ at mftminfter. There were not above twenty of the 120 Members, who Pag. f^c. iicere not declared and avowed Enemies to the Do^rine and Difctpline of the Church of England ; fame of them infamous in their 'Lives and Conver* fations^ and moft of them of very mean Parts in Learnings if not of fcandalous Ignorance^ and of no other Reputation j than of Malice to the Church. Ijf I had met with no other Paffage but this, to prove that the Author of the Hiftory wrote unfairly, and partially, this alone would have convinced me, that there was little Confcience, or Care, taken in the forming of Charaders. One might have defied the moft malicious Ob- ferver, at that Time, to have named one only Man of publick Infemy, of Life and Converiation. uhefe Divines^ &ys Dr. Calamh Hijioryofthe Rebellion. 10 ? vijere Men of eminent Learning and Godlinefs^ Mi-Vug, 8|. nifterial Abilities and Fidelity, He alfb takes particular Notice of the Eatl of Clarendon* s unparallel'd Accufatron, " A ve- Pag. 82. " ry heavy Charge upon fuch a Body of Men " as they were ; tho* my Lord Clarendon was un- " doubtedly a great Man, yet this Cenfure won t " recommend his Hiftory to Pofterity, who will fl " be hard put to it, to find Men of more ex- *^ emplary Piety, and more eminent minifterial " Abilities, than thofe whom he endeavours at " fuch a Rate to expofe." ^his again is as Black to White, Infamous Lives, and fcanda- lous Ignorance. The Doctor proceeds, " Who " can give Credit to him as an Hiftorian, that " fliall reprefent fuch Men as Dr. "fwiffe^ Mr. " Gataker^ Bifhop Reynolds^ Dr. Arrowfmith^ " Dr. I'uchiey^ Dr. Lightfoot^ as Men of mean ' Parts ? Or who run down fuch Men as Dr. " Gouge^ Mr. Oliver Bowles,, Mr. Vmes,, Mr. " Herle^ Mr. Newcomen^ Mr. Coleman^ as Perfons " of no Reputation^ hut for Malice to the Church ? *VLet the World judge of the Hiftorian by the ^"^ Aflembly, or of the Aflcmbly by the Hifto- " rian, I can't difcern the leaft Reafbn to fear the Confequence, where Perfons are not over- "^ run with the groifeft Prejudice and Partia- lity. The Turn his Lordfhip gives to the King's Parties taking to Arms at Tork,, before the Par- liament had any Body of Forces together, is ex- tremely pleafant. Beyond the Seas the ^een "^^as as intent to do her Part,, and to provide^ that fo good Company as Jhe beard was daily gather d together about the King^ Jljould not be dijfolvd for want of Weapons to defend one another^ and therefore^ with as much Secrecy as could be ufed H 4 in m i i)i I04 REMARKS on the i: :■'< Un*'. h in tbofe Cafes^ fhe pawn'd her own and the Crown Jewels in Holland^ bought and fhipp'd off Arms. * The Management is very open. The Rupture was fecretly refblv'd upon, why elfe are the Royal Treafures carry'd to Holland to purchafe Ammunition and Arms ? The King goes to the North to receive them, raifes Men in Tork^ and calls them his Guards j which the Parliament hearing, they mufter'd the Trained Bands of London^ and din'd in the City ^ which his Lord- fhip would have us take to be the Beginning of the War. The Truth is, whoever began the War, the Parliament relblv'd to have all Griev- ances, Spiritual and Temporal, redrefi'd, and Security againft the like for the future. The Court was as rcfblute againft both. Each Side was Iharpen'd by Reproaches, and there were not Men of Temper, fufficient to be of Weight in ii^pre moderate Counfels. There is much Affedation ufed to fhew, how careful the King was not to employ Papifts. The Oaths of Allegiance and Supremacy were admi- nifter'd to the new-rats' d Men^ that fo he might be ^*g' SM'frce frora the Scandal of entertaining Papifts ; fuch as Sir Iroylus furbervtlle^ Captain-Lieutenant of the King's Life-Guard ; Sir John Smithy who refcu'd the King's Standard at Edgehill ; Sir Ar- thur Ajion^ Governor of Reading ^ Sir John Dighy^ Sir Thomas' ^tlde/ley^ the Earl of Carnar^ Don^ the Lord Dunhar^ the Lord Langdale^ and many Hundreds more, in a Lift printed by the Papifts in a Pamphlet, entitled, ^be humble Afo^ logy of the Englifh Catholicks ; wherein it is laid, pag. 3. ^here never was a Papift that was not deemd a Cavalier : And it is faid honeftly too. The Lord Clarendon enlarges much on the Incroacliment of the Commons in the Militia Hiftory of the Rebellion. Bill ; but does not tell us, that not only the Lord Keeper LtttUton was moft confident for the Leva- l^yoftt, but divers other Lawyers, p. <6. His Lordlh^ alfo finks the folemn Proteftations of the moji powerful and aaive Members ; that thet wttb the Kmg, but to arm themfelves for their necefary Defence, provok'd to it by the arming ot the good Company at Tork j which the Parlia- ment declar d to be a Preparation for IVar againft tbem a Breach of the rruft repaid in the Kim by hs People &c. Soon after this, the Kin? lent forth Commiffions of ^rray, and began in Leicefterfhire ■ of which the Parliament hav- ing Notice they fent Officers to Leicefter, to fecure the Magazine J one of them was Captain i«rf/0K; Brother to the General, who tells us, Pa. ^o m his Memoirs, that the King, with all S"^ Cavalry, confifting of about twofhoufand Horf^ came to Letcefter, and feiz'd the Magazine. The Pari,ament's Officers, not having above a hun! dred Men with them, fet forward for Lo2n- but were purfud, taken, and thrown into Tr* Oao, where they were 'very cruelly treated- rhefewere the firft Pnfoners taken on Itther Side '- S; If V^ a". '^^' ^'' '^'"'''' -^^ by Sir tia IV, '"'"' ^^^".'" ^^Metfinre, at Mar. tfmt' P^!i 37- where feveral of the Coun- L^i ' T^^' "-^^ Parliament's Officers, were attack d and routed by the King's Party, 'xhu* ade oft^' p"? '■'" ^'"'" ^^" ^'^ ^^ the much r ^ ^^rf!^'"^"^ ■■ Not that it is of fo BWs r"""u\^°o'!^''^ "^^ Aggreflbrs as to fo 6r %£';i, ^""^ fi'*" ^^ ^^^ry'd Matter* Sfe ' £!! ''?'y ."°" ** "°^ be terminated other- the kin» *! ^""^ Clarendon does not allow ^'ng to have ta.ken one Step towards the War, 105 ill i«i m 1 i\ :U.:i io6 REMARKS on the War, till the Queen lent him Arms for the good Company at TorL For his leaving the Parliament, his countenancing Dighy^ and other fuch hopeful Counfellors, his Attempt againft the Houfe of Commons as to the Five Mem- bers, his obftinate Refufal to fettle the Militia as the Parliament defir'd, and his inviolable Attachment to the perfecuting Priefthood, were j| all healing Meafures, tending to the Quiet of the n Nation, had not the Fadious, Seditious, Schif- matical, ^c put another Conftrudion upon them. I ftould take Pleafure to fee the following Paflage reconcil'd to the whole Tenour of his Lordfliip's Hiftory, and the Title efpecially, fag. 5'41.7'Z?^ Grand Rebellion. IF the King Jljould com- ntit fuch an Outrage as to levy War againft bis Parliament^ to deftroy the Religion^ Laws^ and Liberty of the Kingdom^ good Men were per- fuaded^ that fuch a Refiftance might be made, as might prefernje the whole. What Men, there- fore, muft thofe Oxonians be, who pafs'd a De- cree againft Refiftance in any Cafe whatfoever, M.Dom.i6S^', not forefeeing, that the very fame Univerfity (hould publifti a Hiftory after- wards, wherein they would be prov'd to be had Men^ for decreeing againft what good Men were perfuaded was lawful. Again, He that would have argitd againji this thefts^ Refiftance, he- fides the Impertinency of arguing againft a Sup" fofition that was not like to be real^ &c. could ' never efcape the Cenfure of promoting fyretm Md lawlefs Dominion, Every Word of which ' -confounds thofe orthodox Tenets of Paffwe O- iedience and Non-Reftftance^ which were fo long - inculcated at both the Unrverfitiesy and all over the Kingdcjn, and is fo ftrenuoufly afferted in Hijloryofthe Rebblhon. \Qf the Preface and Dedicatiofis to the Hiftvry of the Rebellion, If the Suppofition of Tyranny md lawlefs Dominion was real^ then, according to the Earfs Logick, the Refinance of the Parlia- ment was no Rebellion^ and the Argument againft it is impertinent. What remains there- fore but to prove that the Dominion was law- lefs ? the Proofs of which are in many Pages of his Lordfhip's Hiftory, particularly in the very next Page, The Crown extended its y^utho- Pag. rji rity and Power beyond its Bounds^ to the Prejw^ dtce of the juft Rights of the Subje^l. I think the Argument is as Logical as may be : To ex- tend Power beyond its Bounds, is to extend it beyond the Law, and coniequently fuch Pomi* nion is lawlefs ^ and to invade the juft Rights of the Subje5i^ is tyranny: By which Logick, his Lordfhip makes the Promoters of the then Go- vernment, to be guilty alike of Treafon and Impertinence ; for furely there may be Trea- fon againft the Conftitution, as well as againft the Crown. Though the Parliament had yet 710 real Appre> Pag y 4^ henfion that the King would he able., in the leaft Degree, to raife a Force againft them, They had heard that the King had rais'd fome Troops of Guards, and a Regiment in Tork and Torkjhire : That he had fent his Commiflions of Array into moft Counties : Yet his Lordfhip aflTures us, thev were not apprehenfive of his raifing the leaft Force againft them. Indeed, had I liVd at that Time, I fhould not have belkv'd, tha^ f^*^er fo many Years Mifgovcrnment, which had oeen fully Jajd open in Remonftrances, Decla- rations, i3c, that the People who had been cla- ngouring about Grievances, would have arm'd wemldves againft the Redreffing of them ; and , Si ■f f^! ) 108 REMARKS on the one might have hoped, that the Minifters of that Mifgovernment would have been delivered up to Juftice, and the Aggricv'd have been right- ed, without an Appeal to the Sword : But Ludlow lets us into the Reafon of the fudden Change in many Mens Minds, who deferted the Parliament, and adher'd to the King ; *' When I firft took Arms under the Parliament ^' in Defence of the Rights and Liberties of ^' my Country, I did not think that a Work ^ fb good and fo neceflary, would have been ^^ attended with fo great Difficulties ; but find- '' ing by Experience the ftrong Combination of ^' Interefts at home and abroad againft them, ^' the clofe Conjunction of the Popifh and Pre- *' latical Parties in Oppofition to them, what *' vaft Numbers depended upon the King for ^^ Preferments or Subfiftence, how many of *^ the Nobility and Gentry were contented to " ferve his arbitrary Defigns, if they might have ^' Leave to infult over fueh as were of a lower ** Order ^ and, adding to all this, the great Cor- ' '* rpption of the Nation, I became convinced " of my former Error, and began now more ^^ to wonder, that they found {b many Friends, ^ iSc. " The Simplicity of Argument and Stile here is wonderfully convincing, and captivates one's Judgment much more, than the Luxuriancy of Expreffion which adorns the Hiftory of the Rebellion -y as natural and artlefi Beauty is more charming than Paint and Patches. Contrary to what General Ludlow writes, as above, the Earl of Clarendon declares, that the Nobility and Gentry did not adhere to the King out of Hopes of Honours and Preferments, of infiilting their Inferiors, but out of fcrupulouis Confcienccs, which would not fiiffer them to defend Hiftory of the REBEtLfoN. 105^ defend their juft Rights, that had been fb' fre- quently mvaded, as we are told by the fame Noble Hiftorian, "^ It is faid, p. 615. 7'baf the Parliment were fleas d to call^ hut nei)er to pron;e the evil Cotm- fellors. There could not be a better Proof of them, than their inferting the Names of the Guilty to be excepted out of a General Pardon, in the Direftions they gave their General the Earl of Effex -, Richmoftd, Cuinbcrhndy Newcaftle^ Rtvcrsy Carnarvon, Newark, Falkland, Nicholas Portir, and Hyde. The laft Name may fatisfy us, why it is that the Parliament are lb hand- lomely ufed through the Hiftory of the Rebels Iton, and that the Author would never forgive them, becaufe they would not let him be for- given. Hiftorians fhould be very delicate and cautious of giving Charaders of Perlbns who have given them Offence ; for what prejudic'd Men fay, and fure that Man muft nt^ds be pre- judicd who was forbidden Pardon, lies always under Sufpicion ; and the noble Author has not with any Caution conceal'd the Prejudice. ^ The Parliament well knew there was no Co;?;- hio n^ mffion or IVarrant to raife Soldiers, Whitl. p. 58. bel. 694; "jbe Ktng raijeth and arms a Regiment in York- shire /or ^*^ Prince, &c. His Lordftiip informs ^^fJ^\?^^' ^^^ ^*^^" Major-General Sktppon mufterdthe rrain Ba^ids before the Parliament, tt^e latter had engagd the very Body of the City on their Side, and were moft fumptuoufly treated at the City Charge ^ but p. 634. contradicb this, ana atlures us, their Strength confifted in the Rab^ rnZ.A'2 "^"^ "^^ ii^ention it as being furpriz'd at Contradidbon ; the Hiftories I have lately read a^oft, conCft Qf little elfe. ^ The )i m no 1R.EMARKS on the Pag. 641. the Eari wonders mightily at the Parliament's Ignorance in aflerting, that the King could not legally fell the Crown Jewels, to levy War agamft his People. After receiving the Supplies of Money, Arms, and Ammunition from Holland ^ after the Raifms the Forces in Torkjhire^ after the Commiffions of Array in all Parts of England^ 5md other fuch Preparatives, It was mpattently wonde/d aty that his Majefty made no Preparations at all. Hift. Reb. p. 651. Ludlow may be thought too partial; his Words arc, " The Nineteen ^' Propofitions were delivered to the Kmg by ^' the Commiffioners of the Parliament, but " without Succefs, he being refolv d to fteer Pag. ;7- " another Courfe, prcfuming he might obtain as " good Term^ as thefe, if reduced to the laft ^ Extremity ; and that if his Arms fucceeded, ac- ^ cording to his Hopes, his Will might pafs for ^ a Law, purfuant to the Opinion of thofe who ^^ thought no Way fo likely to render his Au- thority abfohite, as the making of a War upon his People : And now the Fire began to break out in the Weft, Sir John Sta'wel, and others, drawing a Party together in &- ^^ merfetjhire for the King, where Capt. Ptefion^ " and others, oppos'd them, and about Martial s Elm on Pofden Hill, fome of thofe who de- ^ clarM for the Parliament were killed ; wherc- *^ upon the Parliament ordcr'd Ibme Horfe to ^ be raivd, S^r." One cannot fay that what his Lordfhip writes of a Paper fign'd by the Peers at Tork^ reflecting on the Parliament at London, is over-partial, becaufe he ^is plcas*d to own^ that thofe Peers were afliam^d of it, or lorry for it, the next Day, and faid, if the King publilh'd it, they would difavow it : If fuch De- clarations had been made at other Times, it woulo Hifioryofth Rebellion. Ill 1 « would have prevented the publiftiing of jnan^r Voluminous Papers from that Quarter. I have often hinted, that thefe Gentlemen will never fuffer any one of their Party to come off diflionourably, tho' upon ever fo flight Occa- fion. Captain Straughan^ who brought the Sup- plies from Holland^ being purfu'd by two or three Men of War of the EngliJJj Fleet, and running his Ship afliore in a fhallow Place, to pre- vent further Purfuit, the Earl tells us, the Captain never thought offaving his Ship : He refolv'd to run her afhore whether he had been purfu'd or not. Aid now the King thought it Time to execute 4 RefolutioH he had long intended, which many wonder d he neglected fo long, to take the Admi^ ralty into his own Hands : When the . Parlia- ment had refolv'd the Earl of Ifarwick ftiould take it into his Hands, and that Refolution was executed accordingly : But then the Queftion was, who Ihould be the King's Admiral, Sir John Pennington, or Sir Robert Manfell : There are good Reafons for Sit John, and good Rea- fons for Sir Robert ; but the Parliament's ftronger Realbns for the Lord IVarwick prevailing, that Parcel of Hiftory is very unedifying. i'he Earl of Warwick got in the Seamen to him, put by Str John Pennington, and took a Ship of Amnmni-- tion coming from Holland j probably with as much Intention to be taken, as Straughans Ship to be tun aihore. The Bufinefs of the Fleet goes not ofF without certain I F's ; as, IF the firft Letter p^g ^g^ nad been fent, I F Sir John Pennington had been prefent, I F Captain Carteret had kept out Cap- tain Batten ; It was generally believd he would have prevail' d againft whatfoever the Earl 0/ War- ' wick could have done 3 Who, by the way, had Gone fo much, that he was. Mailer of the Fleet ; • ' . a}id i-n in n jiil III REMARKS on the ■ > <- .1'. and have prefervd a major Part for the King, ft was generally helievd: By whom, or for what, we know not : When it was moft true, as his Lord- Pag. 63o. fhip fays a few Lines after, A greater or more general BefeCfidn of any one Order of Men was \en)er known^ than that at this ^ime of the Sea- men : And yet the wife Men averr'd, with great Confidence^ the King was a Gainer hy the Lofs of his Fleets &c. Pag. 6^' The Earl tells us, that upon hearing the Par- liament's laft Petition before the Rupture, the Lords and Counfellors at Tork^ who are the only wife Men in the Hiftory, thought the King had not enough refented the Jnfolence of the Lords ^nd Commons aflembled in Parliament, in the Anfwer he gave them j which, in effedt, was a Denial of every thing they ask'd of him : And how infolent that Petition was, we fee in JVhitl Pag. fS. « To disband his Forces, recal his Commiflions " of Array, difmifs his Guards, and return to ^ his Parliament. " All which he refused : Yet the wife Men^ fo his Lordfhip calls them, p. 693, generally thought he did not appear fenfible enough of the Provocations. Thefe Men of Wifdom were the evil Counfellors, whom the Parliament call'd Delinquents^ and requefted that they might be punifti'd. The Earl himfelf was one of thofe Delinquents ^ and to defire that he might be pu- nifti'd, was the utmoft Infolence, and higheft Provocation ; fo much did thefe Gentlemen prefer their own Safety to their Matters. Speaking of the King's early Attempt on the Magazine at Leicefier^ we are told. His Majefty bad neither Soldier^ Cannon^ nor Powder to effe^i /^ p. 697. Ludlow^ as we have hinted before, af- furcs us, p. 29. The King^ with all his Cavalry j^ conftfiinz of about 2000 Wrfe. arrivd at Leicefter : - , ^-^ ^ -^ Where, •113 Htjiory of tjje Rebellion; Where the Earl tells us were only 25 of the Par- liament's Men, under inferior Officers. Such is the Refpeft the Gentlemen of the Parliament Party meet with. Mr. Ludlow^ Son of Sir Hen- ry Ludlow^ sl Gentleman whofe Quality and For- tune were equal at leaft, if not fuperior, to Mr. Hyde\ a Gentleman of the fame County with himfelf, which was reprefented in Parliament by Sir Henry his Father, and the General his Brother, was one of thofe inferior Men. Ludlow, p. 29. Another Oddity in this Incident is, Dr.BaJlwick's?az,6gc. pretending to be a Doftorof Phyfick^ whereas he was graduated in a Foreign Univcrfity ! Here I can't help obferving a very ridiculous ^iece of Vanity in certain of our Countrymen, who, as they do not allow any foreign Proteftants to be Orthodox or Catholick, confining thofe Titles to our own Eftablifhment, fb they have a hearty Contempt for foreign Univerfities, allowing no Scholars, or rather, no Degrees of Scholarfhip to be regular, but what are taken in one of our two famous Univerfities. To take a Degree at Utrecht, Leydettj Leipfiek, &c. has no more Credit with them, than the Doftorlhip of Quacks, Ship Sur- geons, or Apothecaries : Glafgxm and Edinburgh are on the fame Foot with them • and fb cvety Univerfity, where nothing is. to be got but Learn- ing.. In our Academies there are good Fellow- ships, Benefices, and comfortable Emoluments : Thfy are Nurferies for the National Church, without whofe Pale thofe certain Men think, I Will not fay there is no Salvation, but no Learning, Manners, nor Merit. . ^Werman Pennington being chofen Lord Mayor ^ik 1^ ^^ ^^ ^^^ Kicbard Goumay, difplac'd by the Parliament, 'tis Ikid he-.wasmad^ Mayor hy iyiotje and Clamour, and not eleded. There fcl- 1 dom 4i m 'I 114 REMARKS, o;^ th dom IS an Eleftion, but the Majority of Voices at Guidhall^ which makes the Mayor, are fuffici- cntly heard there; and the Difpofition the Citi- zens were in to chufe Pennington^ appears by what p_ 62 IVhitlock fays. The Lord Mayor Pennington was ' fo forward, that what was defir'd was refolv d by the City. I was very much furpriz'd to fee the Earl of Clarendon in an Aftonifliment, that the Parliament, after both Sides had appeafd to the Sword, fliould take upon them what Power they could for their own Defence. His Lordfliip is mightily concern d, that they Ihould offer to feize Perfons and Things by their own Authority, after they had rais'd an Army by it j as if the Poffeffion of the Civil Sword was not a neceffary Confequence of the Military. The Earl would have had them conti- nue the Regal Authority in the Hands of thofe the King had commiflion'd, when they were en- tering upon a War to have them remov'd. Then the Officers of the Parliament are re- p'oacJfd with the Lownefs and Decayednefs of their Fortunes. I will name fome of the Colonels : Hijioryofihe Rebe ^ i. I O N. The Earl of Ejfex^ The Lord Fielding^ The Earl of Stamford^ The Lord Hafti^igSy The Lord Roberts^ rrhe Lord UlMrton^ The Lord Kimholton^ The Lord Brook^ The Lord St. John^ The Earl of Peterborough^ The Earl of Bedford^ The Lord IVillottghby^ The Lord Kochfordy Colonel HolliSy Colonel Hampden^ Colonel Goodwyn^ Sir Henry Cholmley^ The Lord Fairfax^ Sir Philip Stapyltm^ Sir Mathew Boynton^ Sir Thomas Middleton^ Sir IVilliam Brereton, Colonel LudloWy Colonel Pophanij Sir Edward Harley, Sit EdMungerford^^c. . Were are the moft ilbble and opulent Families in Er^land True it is^ fever^l Perfons of infe- rior Order had Commands in the Parliament Ar- my, whofe common Soldiers were of the middlinff Sort of People at fifft, who fought not fb? u^i^'^"^^ ^' ^""^ Liberty 3 and it was nevtr objedted to them, that they were the Scoundrel Part of the Kingdom, till they had made them- ielves Mafters of it. I never heard it pretended, ™t Mr. Hyde himfelf was a Man of a great Mate. General Ludlow and Colonel Popbam, his Countrymen, who had much larger Inheritances might, methinks, have given a Check to fuch Refledions as he often makes on the Poverty of the Parliament Officers ^ for which there was nb Ground in Faft, and much Jefs in good Senfe and good Manners. If one was to reckon up all the Lmsford\ the Ogk\ the Smitb% and others, in the King s Army, who had fuperior Commands, one might weigh Colonel Popham and Colonel Ludlow againft a Hundred of them : But fuch Remarks as thefe are fo puerile and poor, that I wonder the noble Hiftorian fhould fet me fuch afi £xample. Would one think that thefe Words of the far- liament was a proclaiming of War ? When the Laujes which mov'd us to provide for the Defence k ^tsMajefty^ the Kingdom, and Parliament, fJmll he taken away, we floall ^ery willingly and chearfull^ Jorbearany further Preparations. This his Lofd- p.^^ ihip calls denouncing of W^ar. The Caufes were greater and greater every Day. There'sfurely no need of making Remarks on the ^reproaching the Parliament with irregular Adi- ons atter War was denounc'd ; in which nothing IS regular, but good Fighting and good Difcipline ; yet there s abundance of it in the Hiftory of the I 2 Rebellion ; ^'5 i.. 700. ,"^.-*»- xi6 REMARKS on the 'HI H Rebellion ^ and his Lordlhip is in a Sort of A- mazement, that thofe who had denounc'd War, fhould dare to take Money to maintain it, or make . Laws to ftrengthen themfelves, without Leave of the Enemy : In a Word, that thofe who had taken up the Military Sword, (hould not fend the Civil Sword after the King to Tork. U^hicb Army was to he led againft their lawful Sonjereign. This is the Confiftency of thefe Gen- tlemen ; they fay, there were Invafions on the Rights and Liberties of the People, that the Conftitution was at the Brink of Deftruftion, that Refiftance to prcferve it was lawful ; but when the refifting Army is upon the March, then have a Care , you lead it againft your lawful. Sovereign. Such is their Logick ! Pag. 7©9. fhey entertain d all Strangers^ as well Papifts as others, in their Service. The Parliament fent for Papifts from Flanders-, which will certainly be believ'd as foon as fome other Things on the fame Foot of Probability. Moft Part of thofe with the King, were drawn to him by Impulfion of Confcience j as. Hi/lory of tbeKEBELLioi^. The Lord Gdring^ The Lord IVilmot^ Sir Richard Greewviky Sir Arthur Afion^ Sir Marmadiike Langdale^ The Lord Dighy^ Mr. Endymion Porter^ Sir IVilliam Vavafor. And who were fevere Obfer-vers of the La'W^ p. 704. CHAR CHAP. III. Containing Remarks on the Hiftory of the Rebellion. Vol. IL Part. I. H E Adion, when we come to the Cm/ IVar^ will have the feme Caft as the Argument, and both Fabricks have the fame folid Foundation. In h Aftion, the King's Officers will al- ways have the beft of it, either with, or without anIF ; they will be the Hero's, the Men of Honour, the bold Britons, &c. As in Argument the King s Counfellors had the Wifdom, Integri' ty, Sobriety, Law, Virtue, and Merit. No fooner had the King fet up his Standard at Nottingham, than his Army is mufter'd, confift- c^^S^;^"^ ^°° ^^^^ go^ together by the adive ^ir fohn Digby^ and 800 Horfe under Prince R//. pert at Leicefter ; whereas the Parliament's Forces in that Neighbourhood only, are magnify 'd to Ihv^^^^^ and 5000 Foot. Ludlow afTures us, u ^^"§^ Cavalry in that Country was 2000, and ^ne Parliament's Forces at that Time but one Company of Foot: If fo, the King's Horfe muft Je mightilj. diminifh'd in a few Days, and the parliaments l>oops as much encreas'd. The f^ealpn x)f magnifying the one, and leflening the ^ 3 other^ ! t/ ft I ii5 REMARKS on the Pag Pag. f. 14 Hf Other, is to fhew what Fokrons the Parliamenta- rians were, in not daring to attack the King with fo v^ft Advantage of Numbers : And here the I F is againft his Majefty, I F they had advanc'd, Vol. II. c^^^y pight at.leafi have difpers'd tb$ Kings few ^^^' ^' ^YDGps, The Truth is, there were no 1600 Horfe, nor no 5000 Foot to do it ^ and, on the contrary, tho' the King was very much balk'd in his Ex- pectations, as to the Refbrt to him at Nottingham^ yet he had Forces fufficient, with a Train of Ar- tillery, to maintain his Ground againft any Oppo- fition he cQ«Jd then meet with. Being to go into the Weft, in the Progrefs of his Lordfliip's Hiftory, we find Sir John Stawel at the Head of a Party for the King, whofe Licute^ nant was the Marquis of Hertford^ who, IV he had pojpfs'd himfelf of BxlGiol^ as h^ was advisU mignt have provd very profperous : Inftead of which he remov'd to IVells ; whence, I F he would have lally'd, he might have driven the Roundheads eut of the Country : To prove it ^tis added, '^ For Mr. Dighy^ Sir John Stawel^ and his Sons, with fome Volunteer Gentlemen, being in the whole not above 80 Horfe, and 14 Dragoons, charg'd a greater Body of Horfe, and above 600 Foot of the REBELS, led by a Member of the Houfe of Commons, and, without the Lois of one Man, kill'd feven in the Place, hurt very many, took their Chief Officers, and as many more Prilbners as they would, and fo routed the whole Body, that fix Men kept not together, they having all thrown down their Arms. " Sir John Stawcl's Account of this Mat- ter is thus in his own Memoirs, *' At Ifells the '' Marquis of Hertford received Advice, that Mr. " Pyne, Capt. Sandys, Mr. Prefton, and others, " had raisM the Militia for the Parliament, and " were cc Qt €C 4C ^ Popham and Horner! ^^^ Palm.T\^''^ ^^""^"^^ ^'^"^^omas Wroth, Mr. tmner m. Coles, Mr. Harhyn, Mr. mppefley, ^'Bla^e, Men eminent for Name and Eftate great 1 C( cc C( cc C( cc cc cc (C cc cc cc cc cc cc cc cc cc cc t » »1 ! 1 IZX REMARKS on the great Patriots, whofe Example, no doubt, has Idded very much to the Merit of their Pofterity. I mieht mention Mr. Harrington, Colonel Pyne ; and if I added Sir iVilliam Portman, and Mr. :Sandford, then High Sheriff of the County, I ^ might prove their Party by their feizing the Arms in Browns, Skinner^ Mers, and other Houfes in Taunton, for the Ufe of the Par- liament. I might name many more, as Mr Baffet, Mr. Barret, ^c. but I have named enough to fliew the Gentlemen of the County of Somerfet, did not all march off with the Marquifi of Hertford, and Sir Ralph Hopton, and 4S0 Foot, which is called hs great Jp^ rited little Army : Running away, has no Uttea on the Greatnefs of their Spirits. His Lordfhip attributes his Majeftys being againft fending a Meffage for a Treaty, to his too Philofophical Courage and Magnanimtty,^hich might as well have been attributed to his jult Apprehenfion, that the Parliament would not Treat on the Terms which he meant to gnnt Accordingly, when his Meflengers, Sir Jo^ Cokpepyr, and Sir miliam Udal Two Mem- bers of Parliament, came to London, they would not admit them to fit in their Houfe. ^he Kinjt had done whatfoever was in ms Power, or could he expelled from htm, for m Prevention of a CM War, This Tone decides the Matter fo peremptorily, that a Man mutt be out of his Wits, to think the King r.«M, if he pleafed, take down his Standard, am recal his Proclamations, declaring the Parlmnen iraytm. He either had done it, or he ecu d not do it, according to the Htfiory of the ^' hellion ; for he had done whatever he could do, prevent the Civil War. ^^^ Hijlory of the Rebellion. The Earl is in a Tranfport upon his Ma- jefty's Speech and Proteftation, at the Head of his Army : In which he tells his Followers, ^hey Jhall meet with no Enemies, hut ^raytors, moft of them Brownifts, Jnahaptifis, and Atheijis : Mioft of the Affembly of Divines were Atheiftsy Anahaptifis, and Brownijls, and fb were the Pref^ byterians, for of fuch did the Officers and Soldiers of the Parliament Army, for the moft Part, con- fift at that Time. fhus they took Prifoner the Earl of Berkfliire, who never appeared in the leaft A6iion, in the Kings Service, p. 21. which is fully confirmed by what we read in IVhitkck, p. 59. Intelli^ gence being given to the Houfe of Commons, that the Earl of Berkfhire, and divers Gentlemen of principal ^ality in Oxfordfliire, intended to put in Execution the Kings Commifjion of Array : ney commanded Whitlock to ufe his utmoft En- deavours to prevent the fame-, who, with a Body of Militia Troops, march'd to IVattleton, where the CommiiTioners fat, and hearing of his Approach, retir'd to Sir Kohert Dormers Houfe, whither Whitlock purfued them, and belcagur'd the Houfe, whence they within fir'd upon his Men, but finding the Parliament's Forces about to Storm, they yielded upon Quarter* moft of the Array Men were got away, only the Earl of Berkfliire, who never appeared in the leaft Adion in the King's Ser- vice, and fwo or fhree more, w ere taken and conveyed to London, The whole Reprefentation in the Hiftory of u .^^'^^l^on, tends to fliew, that not only tne Members of the Two Houfes of Parliament, were Knaves and Fools, but that the Men wey emplo/d, were Thieves, Villains, and Af. fafljns. llj n V It 124 REMARKS on the fafflns. In fome Places, however, their Sol- diers are reprefented as Pfalm-Singers, Praymg^ Men, Sermon-Hearers, and the hke, which is well known to be their true Charafter : In others, they are Robbers and Plunderers 'wbo tank the Gcods-of all Malignant s, as lawful Prize, fo that ft was not fafe for any Lords or Gentle;^ mn, whom they call'd Cavaliers, to live at tbetr Fa- 21 Houfesi and thofe Lords and Gentlemen whom they lent Prifoners to London, were thrult into tho Holds of Ships, and kept under Hatches, 'till many loft their Lives. If one could believe >v> other Part of the Hiftory, this would in the higheft Degree, be worthy of our Behet. P^ -2 ^«ain, " So the common People in EJJex, on ' """a fudden, befet the Houfe of Sir John Lucas, *^ one of the beft Gentlemen of that County, ^ feized him, ufed him with all pofTible Indig- *Vnities, threatned to murder him, carried him '^ before the JVlayor of Colcbefter, who lent ^.^ him to the common Gaol." * I bee the Reader to be a little curious about TaT. ro. this Paffage, becaufe it is a Flower, when com- . pared with iVbitlock, The common People were - Sir nomas Harrington, and Sir Harbottle Grim- fion, the fame who was Speaker of that Houie of Commons, who brought in the King; auA they were fwo of the heft Gentlemen of tUt Comity. Lucas -w^s proclaimed a 1 raytor, tor his malignant Pradices againft the Parliament, and his Lordfnip is in a ftrange Emotion, tha they {hould offer to fecure the Pcrfon of one ot thf^ir moft inveterate Enemies. ^ I cannot imagine what the Presbyterian .o.- diers did to the Gountefs Risers, unlels tliey raviOi'd hcv, rhey ufed great Injolence to ber Pcr-on. They muft beat her, or call her Paptjt^ Hijlory of the Rebellion. for *tis faid, they plundered her Houfe to the Value of 40,000/. for no other Reafon in the World, but becaufe Ihe was a Roman -^ not becaufe (he had efpoufed the Quarrel againft the Parliament, and given Supplies to their Enemies j No, for nothing but becaufe fhe was a Papiji^ which is, indeed, no Crime through the whole Hiftory. In the next Place, we are told. That the Presbyterian Clergy were guilty of Profane- nefs and Blafphemy in their Sermons, infomuch that fuch pious Men, as the King's Party were, could not hear them without trembling. The Horror of it is, indeed, amazing : As upon this Text, Arife therefore, and he doing. The Preacher faid. The People muft bring their Purfes, as well as their Prayers , and their Hartds^ as well as their Hearts : Was there ever fucli Blafphemy and Profanenefs heard of ! -Again, Confecrate yourfeHes this Day to the Lord: From whence the Preacher incited the Auditory to profecute the Enemies of the Parliament to .the utmoft, and fpare neither Brother nor Coufm j horrid Profanenefs and Blafphemy ! But what was moft blafphemous and profane, was from this Text ; fake away the Wicked from the King. The Preacher, fays the Hiftorian, made ^t no lefs a Cafe of Confcience to remo've the evtl Comfellors from the King^ than to perform any Chriftian Duty. I wonder how any 'thing lo ^•'lcked could enter into a Man's Head ! It gives one an Ague to repeat it only ; and his Lord- Jnip adds, It would fill a Volume to mfert all the tmptous Madnefs of this Kind. Thefe Preachers could not fay fuch Words, without roaring and loaming at the Mouth. His Lordfhip talks of o»e \oJume, but John White, £fq^ a Lawyer, 12 5 ai ii6 il. Pag. II M REMARKS on the as well as Mr. Hyde, and Chairman of a Com- mittce, fiUed Two Volumes with an Account of the Whoredoms, Drunkennefs, Swearing, Sabbath- breaking, and other Peccadillos of 200 Priefts, eiefted by that Committee, all Preachers on the fame Side his Lordfhip writes i of whom, befides what has been faid elfewhere, Br Calamy writes, « The concealing their Crimes, the moft abomi- ** nable Particularities, had certainly been a much « greater Service to Religion, than their Pubh- « ratioh, which was but making Sport for « Atheifts, Papifts, and Profane." Careful y too is concealed the impious Madnefs of thofe Clergy- men, who, by preaching up Tyranny and Per- fecution, had contraded thofe .11 Humours m the Nation, from whence rofe thofe Tumours, which ended in the terrible Rupture of Civil Wat* Thefe Gentlemen are very fenfible, that the bigotted Priefthood of Laudcean Principles, were the main Movers of that War, and to turn off the Reproach of it, charge the Puritan Clerg)' ^ After the Rupture, zealous Preachers did, no doubt, animate their Auditories to exert them- felves in the Caufe, as well on the Side of the Par- liament, as on the King's Side, of whom tto were not wanting fome who prayed for the buc- cefs of the bloody Irijh Affaffins, then m ReD€i- lion, as is faid elfewhere, and in iVhttl V- 1^' I have read above a hundred Hiftones, m my Time, but I never met with one, where every Fadt was mifreprefented, and the Rev^^ft ot Things told with the fame Sobriety, as their Con- trary the Truth. I muft confefs I cannot, wi n- out a real Trembling, refleft on that Animad- verfion in the Hiftory, where the Sermo^^^^^^^^^ Hifioryofthe Rebellion. Presbyterian Minifters, are intimated to be the Sin againft the Holy Ghoft. God forgive the Reverend Doftors of Chriji-Church^ who fuffered that to pafs the Prefs, which they might have expunged as eafily, as other Paflages that were not to their Gout. As to his Lordfliip's Story of the Athenian Nun, out of Plutarch^ I fhall fay the lefs to it, becaufe in the very fame Page, there is a Text of Scrip- ture to vindicate the Religious Curfing, which the Greek Nun rcfufed ; as, Curfe ye Meroz : and we have a fet Day for fuch Curfing in our Eftablifli- ment j but I will remind what a Frenchman and a Papift writes on the Subjed: of Liberty, which the Learned and Orthodox Divines mentioned in the Hiftory, would have preached out of the Nation. Tis faid by Boileau^ in his Anfwer to Perrault^ Almoft all the famous Orators that ever flourijljed^ lived and died with popular Government. The Earl of Clarendon does not allow one Orator to have fpoken or written in England^ from lis going into Exile^ to his Return. Indeed, can there be any thing which raifes the Souls of great Men, more than Liberty ? Yes, according to the Earl, abjeft Obe- dience to Arbitrary Power, which is termed Loy- alty. Honour acquir'd by Flattery, and Riches by Oppreffion, will raife the Soul of a great Man, more than Liberty and juft Property. Is there ^ ^iwi of Contempt. Now they were not lb fcornful as they are made to be ; for inftead Fag. 70. of attacking, IVhitlock fays, " i^/^r finding his '"' Soldiers full of Mettle, and refolv'd to force " their Way, he in Perfon led them on, firft charg'd the Enemy, beat them from all their " Advantages, got the Hill from them, pur- ^' lu'd them to Newhuyy^ and out of the Town again • but the Night coming on, they no farther could purfue them, &c. The Earl informs us, that it was not the King's Army, but the Parliament's, that was Pf^S- 547- on the Htll ^ that the King's Troops were not beaten into, and out of Newbury^ but routed tbem in moft Places. In fhort, the whole De- fcription is, like Ibme others, fo different from ff' bit lock's^ that if we fhould defcribe any Bat- tle with the like Number of Forces, and the like Situation, in y^^, Africa, or America^ 'twill agree as well with the firft Newbury Fight, as that'in the Hiftory of the Rebellion. IVhtt- lock tells us, fbe Kind's Army marcb'd off^ leaf- ing Effex Majier of Ibe Field. See Hiftory of the Rebellion, Tbe Kmgs Signs of Vtciory 'were^ ^bat be bad tbe Spoil of tbe Field, &c. The King's Ilcrfe routed tbe Enemy fo far^ till tbey bad left tbe Foot. Whitlock, ^be Kings Horfe perform d with great Manhood^ yet 'nere ijuorfted. The Charafter of the Lord Falkland^ who fell in this Battle, is the moft labour'd of any one in the Fliftory, tho' there are few without Labour: Yet there is fomething for- gotten of him, which we read in IFbitlock, Being perfivaded by bis Friends not to go /«^^ tbe Figbt^ as baving no Call to it^ arid heing no Military Officer y, he isdd^ J am ,weary of tl'^ i'imes, ^mes^ and fore fee much Mifery to my Comi^ try, and helie-re I poall he out of it e'er NigJ^t, This fincere Compaflion for the Mifery which Male-Adminiftration had brought his Country into, could not but ftrike home in fb noble a Breaft as the Lord Falkland's, whilft moft other Minds were fenfible of that Mifery, no farther than it hinder'd them of the Benefits of Court Favour. Again, I'bc Kih^^s Army bad all tbe ^ropbies of Vt^ory, pag. 360. hav- ing loft two thoufand Men, and the Parliament five hundred, IVbitlock, pag. 70. All the Vic^lo- ries with which his Majelly's Arms had been hlefs'd, produc'd the moft ftrange Reproaches and Quarrels at Oxford, which are generally n ^ ^ the Effeftof Defeats and Difgraces^ but Coun- ^^' ^^'' fels and Aftions in this War, differ from thofe in all others. The ijoife Men and the brave Mfn in other Wars, do, for the moft Part, fuc- ceed, in this, the Cowards and the Idiots : In other Wars, the Noble and the Virtuous have been for the Liberty of their Country ^ in this, they are to a Man for the Tyranny of the Priefthood, and the fuperior Tyranny of Favour- ites. Thus is the Order of Right and Reafon inverted, as will appear more and more to the End of thefe Diftradions. The Myftery and Intrigues about the three Earls, Clare, Bedford, and Holland leaving Weft" minfter, and getting to Oxford^ is one of thofe Parcels of Hiftory which is no where elfe fb fnlly related , but the Reafon of their leaving Oxford, and getting to IVelimijifler again, is not related fo fully. iVbitlock tells us the Matter plainly, and in an hundredth Part of the W^ords i Upon fome Diftafte at the Parliament, they got to Oxford; but finding lefs Refpcit from L 3 " the 15© REMARKS on the H'ljiory of the Rebellion. '5» il I' '^ the King and his Party than they expedked, ^' they return' d to the Parliament. It was faid " in Drollery, that thefe three Earls had much " conSrm'd others to continue with the Parlia- '^ ment ; for they having try'd both Parties, '^ found it, by Experience, that this was beft to '^ adhere to. " I wonder'd where fbme of our Imaller Wri- ters of Hiftory, learn'd to apply God's Judg- ments as their Party and Paflion dire »■. the natural Effed: of the Propenfity in Human Nature to Self-Prefervation. Is it not ftrange then, that People fhould lift up their Eyes in Aftonifhment, that the Scots Presbyterians fhould enter into a Confederacy with the EjtgliJIj Pres- byterians for their mutual Defence and Safety ? And is it not as ftrange, to think the Lords at Oxford fhould, by their Letter, perfuade the Scots to lay down their Arms, and fiiffer the EngliJJj Presbyterians to be firft deftroy'd by them ? That Letter is the Flower of Poli- ticks y and it is with Pleafure I found there was one noble Lord among fo many Engliflo Peers, who forefaw it would be ufelefs, and, had the Degree of the Writers been Icls, moft imper- tinent ^ the Earl of Leicejler refufing to fign it. The next Proof of the Wifdom of the Counfels at Oxford^ is the fummoning all the Deferters firom the two Houfcs of Parliament to Oxford^ and aflembling them there as ano- ther Parliament, to oppoie the two Houfes ac H'epminfier by Votes ; and the beft Reafon for fo fummoning them, was the Forefight, that the Allembly at IVeftminfter would never ha've to do with them^ would never give them any Aiifwer^ or treat thein otherwife than as De* ferters, "fhe King abhorrd the thoughts of introdih-^^.g. \\\, c'lng a Foreign Nation to fuhdue his own Sub- je^s. His Majefty abhorr'd what he could not have, that Foreign Nation being on thd March to affift his own Subjed!s, while his Miniilers in Ireland were treating with the bloody tifb Rebels, no Foreign Nation, to de- firoy'hisi JS;^^//^ Subjedfa. What Name will the Reader guefs that the noble Hiflorian gives L 4 to t 152^ REMARKS 072 the n to the Irijlj Maffacre and Rebellion P Why the fame tender one that is beftow'd on the Puritans in England^ who complain d of being aggriev'd, Pag. 414. ///J Majefty thoitght of Expedients to allay the Diftempers in Ireland : And that Expedient was to make Peace with the Rebels^ who, in their Difie?:iper^ cut the Throats of 200,000 Prote- ftants. IV hat ever "joas done^ was by the Council cf State^ by thofe wife Counfellors, and there u:as no foher Man in Ireland or England, that lelie-vd it in the Kings Power to carry on the IVar : But then there was not a fober Man in England^ who believ'd the King would employ thofe Rebels, to whom he gave Peace for the Sum of 30800/. Sterling, pag. 420. As to the Lords Juftices, or others, applying to the King for Relief, any one might have fGcn that he tould not fupply them 3 and the Formality of their Letter, is of the fame Kind with the Let- ter from the Peers at Oxford to the Covenan- ters in Scotland againft the Covenant. The Lord j>^^^^^ Clarendon omis, fhc King had bound himfelf ' not to viake a Peace with the Rebels in Ireland, without the Confent of the Parliament in Eng- land. But it was vifible the Parliament could not preferve the Remainder of the Proteftants, pag. tbid. Very vifible, that by their rooting out almoft the whole Rebellious Race in a Year or two, as foon as they had fecur'd themfelves againft their Enemies in England. When thefe Gentlemen cannot fairly carry off a Thing, they endeavour to divert your Refledions by ibmething ridiculous in the Party they were at War with ; but their Jefts are infipid, and €Oitreamiy awkard, as where the Parliament are ._ . ^'^^^ ^o have perfuaded the People, that the Tag. 4, I Hijlory of the Rebellion. Letters to one another, to contribute Money, and to others whom they thought able and willing. They alfo declared feveral Things of great Efficacy, ^hat to affifi the Se6is^ was to be their Enemies : That the Lords and Com- mons at Weftminfter, were guilty of High freafon^ for two or three Reafons to be found in their Declaration. The brave /rz/Z?, who came over to join the King's Army, and were routed by Sir .v.v.r;;i. upon as a Shortening of his Days. T>v. Cheynell V ?5c. Ytry often left off arguing with him on ac- ^^ ^ count of his ill State of Health : Speaking oi the King's going to the Houie of Commons for the Five Memhers^ Cheynell faid, Tou knew tetter than I the ^ieen 'was difcontented^ he- catife her bloody Dejtgn was not put in Execu- tion > Mr. Chillinguoorth reply'd, / cannot deny it^ and I will not excufe it j but the I>ord Clarendon does both deny and excufe it. What follows, is an Excufe for his Lordfhip, if his Admirers will accept of it as fuch : It proves, that the People at Oxford did really not know what was doing, or done, at London : How then could they write a true Hiftory of it ? Mr. Chillingworth confefs'd very honeftly, MonC I Si n 11 Hijlory of the R n b e l l i o n. des Maiz. p. 331. that they had m certain Tn» formation of Matters of Fa6f at Oxford ; and ha^nng fb often met with Encomiums on the Piety of the King's Officers and Soldiers, in the Earl of Clare?idons Hiflory, and fb often animadverted on that prodigious Partiality, we will read what Mr. Chillmgworth laid on this Subjed, p. ibid. I ohfcr-ve a great deal of Piety in the Commanders and Soldiers cf the Parlia^ menfs Army. I confefs^ their Difcourfe and Be- haviour doth befpeak Chriftians ; but I can find little of God^ or Godlinefs^ in ours. I fliould have wondered if he had. fhey will not fee}: Cod^ whiljl they are in their Brcnjery ; nor truft him when they arc in Diftrcfs, J have much-ado to bring them upon their Knees to call upon Gody ivhen they go on upon any defperate Service^ or are caft into any perplexed Condition. Could it be expedled, that Men who were fighting for Crofiers, Copes, Hoods, Altars, Tapers, Cruci- fixes, Bowings, Dancing, and Gaming upon Sun- days^ would feek God, a Term which, in all our late famous Hiftorics, is the Occafion of much Mirth, and of as much Wit, as the Hiftorians were capable of^ Contrary to this fimplc Narra- tive of the Morals of the C^w//Vr J, fee his Lord- fl^ip's, Vol. II. Part i. p. 276. "the Soldiers were reftramedfrom all manner cf Licence^ and obliged to 10 folemn and frequent AHs of Dcnjotion^ Ads very different from the above mentioned Seeking of ^od, infomuch as the Fame of their Religion and ^ifcipline., was no lefs than that cf their Courage. Mr. Chilling'-jcorth fpeaks of the Soldiers com- manded by the Lord Hopton : And the Earl of Clarendon fpeaks of the Soldiers commanded alfo ^y the Lord Hopton j yet they differ as much as '^iJ Lordfhip and Dr. Calamy do, in what Dr. Ca^ lamy 59 I^O Pag. 2L » cc cc cc cc cc REMARKS ow the lamy fays, J5^^^. i//^, p. 52. '^ If any one was known for a ftrift and famous Preacher, or for a Man of a pious Life , he was either plun- der'd, or abus'd, and in Danger of his Life : And if a Man did but pray in his Family, or were but heard repeat a Sermon, or fmg a Pftilm^ they prefently cried out Rebels^ Round- heads^ and all their Money and Goods that were portable, proved guilty, how innocent fo- ever they were themfelves. '' His Lordfhip throws all this notorious Scandal on thofe very Pfalm-Sing^ers ; ^' The Soldiers, in their March, '' took the Goods from all Papifts and Malig- nants, as lawful Prize. The common People were, in all Places, grown to the Barbarity and Rage againft the Nobility and Gentry, under the Stile of Cavaliers, that it was not lafe for any to live in their Houles, who were taken Notice of, as no Votaries to the Parliament. " So it runs all along, the very Reverfe of the moll fober Relations. Let the Faft be ever fb well known, and, in truth, were it lefi known than it is, one could not eafily be perfuaded, that the FcX'buMtcrSj March-heer Men^ and the Rabble of Villages^ were, on any Account, to be taken for the godly Party^ or had the lead Notion of the Purity of Religion and Life. Men in their Beer, may Ibmetimes battle it very ftoutly • but Men of Zeal, feldom fail of ftriking home, and the Succefs of this War is a Proof of it. cc cc cc cc cc cc CHAP «l Hifiory of theKE BELLI 01^. i(5r 'i CHAP. IV. Remarks on the Hiflory of the Re- bellion. Vol. II. Part II. :N the lafi Chapter I made fome Mention j " '^'^'^ Dilcoiirfe between Mr. CbillinT- _ '^m '^'"'''' ^5^ ^^ CL-eyt!el. I will add a little ''---■' more of ii-, to prove that the Earl of Uarc^don could not hnvc. given a better Title to h>s Book th.an the H/f}o>j of the Reheliira. Dr. Cypel defir'd Mr. C&7&,z.o.t/, to tell iiini freeiv, whether ,n good Earr.eft he thought the Parlia- ment did intend any thing elfe than ^'.^ taking ofti mhdfnm the King? wemuft e.xcufe the D.dio i-hraie, being the Can! of tiie Times .• the cfla- U. A s 0,d,nmces hi Power, Purity, Liberty, and the ff'^gof the know,i La-^,< of the Laud ; thePrtvik^es or I arhamem, and Liberties of the SubjeEl i„ o4f ZilT-, ^■P'^^^^^o^-'h i-ply'd, / r„ufi-ac. ^no^ki,^ thnt I do verily belk-ve that the htJion^ of '«f I arhamem are better than the htemiom of the f^nrMlhavefiHoiud. Lcr not anv Man ob--ca ga,nft thcfe Paiiaocs. becaule theV are rda'r^d cam.' n -* ' ^r ■ '"" '"- ^'Sotry and Entluifialm Tit r"y;'"° ^''. ''"'>' '^'*"^^"' ^'^'^ ^« =^ Scandal J. JV.r. C,.7/%ji,w//.. s Funeral; yet his Accounc Dpr'/ ff / "' ^'"<^""'f<^ between him and the iJeceafed deferves Credit, after what Mcnlieur M Da i the or's i6z REMARKS on the ^n Dei Mai-x^eauXy who took great Pains in his Life of Chillinguorth, tells us of Cheyneh Relation, We canmt reafonably fuJpeB the Truth of the moft material Pajfages it contains. To excufe the Difgrace of the Lord Hopton in the Battle at Alresford, the Earl tells us, Few of the Kings Soldiers were better anndthan with Swords. Very wile Officers and Soldiers, to fight againft Carabine and Piftol, Head-piece, Back, and Breaft- ^^g* 474' Plate, with a naked Sword only. IValler exceeded in Number. Whitl. p. 8i. The Kings Forces had the Ad'vantage in Number. Hift. Reb. The Kings Soldiers^ with their Swords only, bore two or three Charges of the Horfe with notable Courage^ and with- out being broken. What comes after, is the moft courtly Defcription of a moft Ihameful Rout, that ever was written. When Night drew near, for the Approach whereof neither Party was forry^ the Lord Hopton thought it necejfary to leave the Field. If our Gazetteer, when he related the Defeat at Hodflet, and the Confederates driving the French into the Danube, had faid the Marefchal de Tal/ard had thought it necejfary to leave the Field, would not his Paper have been more a Jeft than even our Ga- zettes have been for near twenty Years paft? IVhit- locke informs us why he thought it neceflary, p. 8i. Hop ton's Rout wasfo tctal, that f car ce ten of his Men were left together. Hifl. Reb. The Parliament's Mm werefo fatter' d, that they had no mindto purfiie; the Lord Hopton drew off his Men, fcarce ten in a Com- pany, and Waller made hafle to Winchefter. " any thing in Hiftory is comparable to this, then I underftand Euclid better than Livy ; yet this is not all, the Lord HoPton retired with all his Cannon and Ammunition, whereof he loft none ; he could not lofeany if he retired with all : But the mifchiefof it is, he loft all that Cannon and Ammunition, thereof he loft none. See Whitlocke, p. 8i. Hop:on i Hipry of the Rebellion." i6i mued to Reading ■ h,s Ordnance, Arms, bJ and Ea^age'^..e kit to the Parliament, ^r^dSi^Anhut Haflertgdojely purfu'd them, while IValler marched to attack IVn.,hefter. 'Twould be no hard Eer for me to prove that almcft all the Relations 3 io't?oTsi:;c'' -'^ ''"i T '""^ "'("'-y oftheRSiot refy to fu%a ir- '"' ^"'P^^'^'i^y. that 'tis He^ 7'he Barbarity 'cfthat People, the Parliament Le~ wg notmom, that they regarded not the Laws of Arms on the King s fide was afted according to thi Laws of Nations, and of Arms, efpecially the the Lord Ormctd, which, his Majcfty had bound himfelfnottomake: «^/.V/.adds p^SlT^S Rekls enter d ,nto a Catholuk Covenant, and fent thetr Agents to the King to have r.jree CatholicL Par- hamm, and they had Cotintenance at Oxford rhere being a fmall Appearance of A^vanta- on the King s Side in the Skirmilh at Copred, Z IIT his Lord/hip s Account of it is a String of V,. o- t^Cn-^'P P^^"=*'"«^^ P'-^^y =s routed as faft .s m!£ r cT '°'^' ^' ''=^"^- ^^^^ Roundheads 7h ""p^^fi.f^i'"*--^' ^"'l behave fo like Poltrons, S^/L/ fi^T^'^'Set no Honour by beating them «^ informs us, ih:,t Middkton on the"Par!ia- Pug. SJ. Sear flS/""'^, ^'^^^"^y. ^"'» purfu'd them \vtrl^:iJ''r'""1 "V'"'' ^ this Da., ^«, waller kept the Ground, and the Enemy drew off. It ^vas a very common thing for the cJvaUers to give R niantick Accounts of ti.e.r Bravery in all^Ti i- Ul^^ \ fs/«.'^. tells us. In the intercepted ^W'. are Relations of the hue Fight at Copredv- ^^^^'^ch different fro.n the ReLons tt::^^de ^^^ ,, "J- il'^ Commanders tipm the Place. \\'hat fort of ^' '' •*' • Memoirs w 164 REMARKS on the Memoirs the Cavalier Writers rook their Hiftory from, appears by this Letter in Rujhzvorth, p. 68 5. Serjeanr Francis wrote it to his Father; '' Prince Rupert hath utterly routed the bonny Scots and Rebels at MarftoN- Moor ^ tcAen General Le/hley and the Arch-Rebel Sir "Thomas Fairfax Prifoners, flain the Earl of Mauchejier, and taken 48 Pieces of Ordnance, loooo Arms, and not left them fo much as a blue Bonnet : This is certified by an Exprefs under his Highnefs Prince Rupert^s own fland, and therefore you ma.y credit it, and make it known." 1 really believe the Party did credit it, till by mifllng their Army they found they were knock 'd on the head ; and that by fuch Arts their Spirits were kept up. I have often confider'd what a (hining Hiftory we Ihould have had, if the King's Forces had bea- ten the Enemy as often, and as well as the Parliament's beat the King's. One fees the Delight the noble Hiftorian takes in defcri- bing even the mo(l minute Adion, where his Friends had the better^ but where the Parliament's Party cbtain'd a glorious Vi6lory, as at Marjlon- Akcr^ his Lordfhip has not Patience to relate it ; p. 5 04. As I can take no Pleafure in zvriting of it^ fo Fcflerity luoidJ receive little Pleafure in the ?no/l parti- cular Relation. I confefs I am one of thofe Pofteri- ty, v/ho have read that Relation in IVhitkcke and RuflnvoYth, with very great Pleafure : For I fhall never be aihamed of owning my C;ood Wifhes to that Caufe to the End of the Civil War^ and till the Soldiery became Mafters. A few Lines back we repeated a violent Charge of the EarVs againft the Parliament for Barbarity, whereas that Charge was conftant and true againit the King's Officers and Soldiers. The Parlia- ment having order'd fix of the hiflo Rebels to be executed at Wareham in Doyfetflnxe^ Liidlo'w in- forms Hijiory o/^^^ R e b e l l i o n. i6$ forms us the Commanders of the Cavaliers caus'd " twelve Clothiers to be han^'d upon the fame • " ^^^^ '* ^"^ ^^"^ of them breaking his Halter, de-P^g. 12c. ^^ fired that what he had fuffer'd might be accept- " ed, or elfe that he might fight againft any two " for his Life i notwithftanding which, they caus'd him to be hang'd up again. "' I thought it ftrange, that the Earl always gave Col. Brown^ tho' in the Parliament Service, a good Word, a Cittz,en of London, not a Woodmonger, cf good Reputation^ a flout Man. But I found out the Reafon of it, when after the Reiloration he fac on the Bench to judge fome of his Brother Officers to be hang'd, drawn, and quartcr'd. ^ The next Encomium we meet with, is on a Pa- pift, Col. Gage, for zvhom the Lords cf the Council had afingular Efteem^ his Grandfather having been a Knight vfthe Garter^ and he refided long in the Curt at Bruflels. He was a graceful Perfon, of great Parts and Breedings being a very good Scholar in the polite Parts of Learning, a great Mafler in the Spanifii and Italian Tongues, beftdes the French and Dutch, and fo well acquainted with our Conftittition, both in Church and State, that he had not been in England infeventy Tears before. This Gentleman's Grandfather, we fee was a Knight of the Garter, and all the Officers of the Ca- valiers are ennobled in his Lordfhip's Hiftory. The Parliament Officers are there degraded, and their Coats of Arms taken from them, to reduce them to be Coblers, Tinkers, Taylors, &c. But un- liickily,in p. 528. we meet with five Parliament Co- lonels all together, befieging the Marcjuefs ofJVin- cl^efler in Baftng Houfe, Sir Richard Onflow, Col. ^^orton. Col. J a. VIS, Col. Whitehead, and Col.Afor- %> Men of fo great Name and Fortune, that it ^^ill be a hard Matter to march them in fo fmall a dumber of Forces on the King's Side. This is a M I trivial 1 66 REMARKS (?^^k II trivial Remaik ; but his LordlViip's frequent Vfc oi Qiiality, RaKk, Extraclion, Wealthy^ Subflantialy renders it necefia '- to fhew how the Biafs bears, even in the vaineft -^J-^^s. In the Surrender of Cm'wA-zw^ //o«/"^, the Rea- fon is expreiVd ^o fuijy, that no manner of Fault can be laid to tiie Cavaliers for yielding of it ; it could not P^'!pl>l\ ie lunger defended^ having been bea* ten down 'to the Ground about their Ears, the liihole StniBure being beaten down by the Cannon. Pag. 529. Middleton, not with/landing all the Affronts he had receivd, ivas come to Tiverton ; I will mention fome of thofe Aftronts out of Whitlocke. Middleton took 30 Horfe (j'one cfthe King's Convoys near Briftol, p. ^6. P.ib. Middleton /f// on a Party of the King's Forces, who fled and -were totally routed ; the Lord Byron, and the Lord MoIWugux efcap'd by the Dark- Pag. ib. fi^J] cfthe Night. Again, Middleton took a Troop of the Kings Horfe near Exeter. Thefe were the Af- fronts he met with. In the Relation of the Defeat of the Earl of Ef fex in Ccnnvally the Introdudion is the Retreat '" of the Parliament Horfe under Sir IVilHam Balfour, which is told us'to be done by Stealth with ^reatWa- rinefs, Teir.-r, and much good Luck. TPlntlocke c\i ^^g*97- the contrary tells us, a great Party of the Horfe being engaged, they /lew many of the Enemy, and fon' d their Pajjage through the King's Army, and through the Nu- meroufufs if the Enemy could hardly retreat. Tins a\ccount is fo unlike the Earl's, that one muft give allowance to Parliament Hiftorians, for the Care they alfo take of the Reputation of their own Par- ty. But they ufe a little more Confcience in their Mifrcprefcnrations. Whitlocke then tells the Story as it is lold by the Earl of Clarendon, and makes a very wife and Juft Remark upon it : By this uv 7nay fee the great Diffe) ence in the Relations of Martial Perforuhvues^ alivays according to the particular I^^^'^ Fag. 98. re Uifiory of the Ki^ bell 10 n^: i^j vejl of the Relators. He then relates that Event as it happen 'd, and as different from the Earls Rela- tion as any of the Events I have treated of are from other Relators. The moft parrjal of our late Hiftorians, one who has aped the Hiftory of the Rebellion to the utmoft of his Capacity, allows IWitlocke to be a fair Writer, and he is allow'd to be fo by every one that has read him. Nay, it is not queftion'd but the Earl of Angkfea, who pub- lifh'd iVhitlocke's Memorials, and wrote the Pre- face, did garble the Work very diligently, and throw afide whatever grated the Ears of the Roy- alifts ; one may perceive that his Lordfhip was cautious how he offended the Court, and if we had had thofe Memoirs entire, I queftion whether we fhould ever have had a Hifiory of the Rebellion ; for if what we have, is fo contrary to the Lord Cla- rendon, what would that which we have not, have been ? Whitlocke's Charafter is by no means infe- riour to the Earl o{ Clarendon^ s in any thing. Birth, Breeding, Fortime, Learning, Eloquence^ Parts, Experience, or whatever we call Merit. As to Integrity, he was never fufpefted of unfair Deal- ing ; and whether the Sufpicion, which we juftly have of the Earl's Hiftory, does not give all Ad- vantage to Whitlocke's, I leave to the Reader ; and Ihall return to the particular Account Whitlocke gives of the Difgrace, which the Earl of Effex met with m Cornwall: 6/V William Balfour u7>/j 2 500 Pag. 98. Horfe, brake through the Kings Quarters. The Earl will have it, that they did not break through, but fteal through the King's Qiiarters. Whitl. Some came by Dejtgn to the Parliament Forces, intimating that the King was willing to admit of a Treaty. Hift. Reb. Lieutenant Col. Butler came from the Earl of Effex to defire a Parley. Effex was gone to Plymouth^ Whitl. Leaving Skippon with the Foot, and a few Horfe behind. Hifi. Reb. The Enemy J^«f Propofitions^ M 4 bm I II 168 REMARKS o;??^^ l^ut they quickly fomid they were not luok'd upon as Men in that Conditkn, The Propofitions may 'be gucfs'd at by this blunt Speech of General Skippon to the Soldiers. Ge N T L E ME N, Tou Jee our Ge?ieral and many of our chief Officers have, thought fit to leave us^ and our Horfe are got a- z\)ay ; lie are left alone upon our Defeice : that ichich I propound to yau is this, that ive having the fame Cou- rage as our Hnyfe had, and the fame God to affift us, tnay make the fame T>yal of our Fortunes, and endea- vour to make our IVay through our Enemies as they have dene, and account it better to die with Hmour and Faithfulnef than to live difhonourahle, Theie^ is more true Gallantry in the plain Speech of that rough Soldier than in all the florid Eulv gy in the Hiftory of the Rebellion : Where we read, all Care was taken to preferve the Parliament^ Soldieysfom Viokuce. Now for Whitloike, T'he For- ces as they marched forth being pi/7ag\i by the Kings, Skippon rode up to his Majefiy, who flood to fee them ?«g. 9S. paf by, and told him it was againji his Homur and Jufli.e^ that his Articles flmtld not be performed, that his Scldiers did pilJage fomc cf the Parliament Soldiers contrary to the AniJes, and defircd his Majefly to give Order to reftrain them. The next Tranfaftion is the above -mention'd Attem.pt to relieve Bafing^Houfe by Colonel Gage, and other Popifh Officers. The Earl writes, ]^ lie arriv'd fafe at Oxford, having loft only two ^^ Captains, and two or three other Gentlemen, ^* they all come out of the Heraldry Office, and com- ** men Men, in all to the Number of eleven, and J iorty or fifty wounded. Above a hundred Pri- ^^ loners were taken, and it was confefsM by Ene- mies as well as Friends, that it was as Soldier- ly an Aftion, as had been performed in the War a 'S f <- (C iy. tVhitlocke honeftly informs us how many Lol. Norton loft but cue Man in this Soldierly Ac-Pag.sj. Sir Richard Greenvlle, being Brother to Sir Bevil Oreenvile who has fo many fine Charafters in Ca- valier Hiftory, 'cis ftrange that ti,e Earl fliould ^^MFP'^^T "" ^'"lemore: " He feiz'd allhis ,^ Wite s Eftate, without allowing her any Com- « rf ^"*^^' r '^'^''^^ '^^ ^^'^5 thrown into the " aT r '/?"■ '" ^'''^"""^ ^^ committed fignal „ Acts of Cruelty upon both Sexes, young and « "^tl. hanging old Men and old Women, fome of Pag. 55. c< ^"^'yy. after he had plunder'd them. He re- ,, ceiv d from the Parliament a great Sum of Mo- ,^ ney, and immediately went to Oxford, and be- " rp3 r i, Counfels ; he was gracioufly re- " P ' L ^^^ ^^'"g' wl'o wrote Letters to " W f ''^ rT""'"' ^° P""^ ^'"^ "' poireffion of his - v.ue s tltate, which he had been outed of by a Decree 170 REUAKKSonthe fi i it €C rgotten, and no Objeftions be made to it for feu. of giving Offence. But I m.uft needs own it was luch fort of Opinions, that after one terrible Revolution, in little more than twenty Years time made aimher neceflary. It was the humouring People in thtir pernicious Principles that gave them Streng:h to bring our Religion, Rights, and Liberties to the Brink of Deftrudion, from which^ the generous Sentiments above-mentioned deliver 'd it. We re- turn now to the Hiftory, wherein there is not one Sentiment corrupted with any concern for that Liberty or for that Religion, other than what Land and his Brethrea would have made it. His Majefty refolved not to depart from any thtni that mi^ht in any degree he prejudicial to the Protefiant Intereft^in Ireland. The making a Cejfation with Popifi Rebels, and fending for the Forces into England which had been raifed to reduce them, ^ was JHiflory of the Rebellion. was not in any degree prejudicial to the Prote- ft ant Intereft. Ludlow, p. i6i. "So that the King " looking upon the Rebeh in Ireland as his laft Re- ** fage, fends Orders to the Earl of Ormond^ not " only to continue the Ceflation, but to conclude a " Peace with them,uponCondition they wouldoblige " themfelves to fend over an Army to hisAfliflance ''againft the Parliament oi England!' And that the hijh Rebels did aftually come over, and deftroy as many Englifi Proteftants as they could, we read in Whitlocke, tho' they did not anfwer the King's Expectation. P. 79. It was obfewed that the Irifh Rebels corldng over hither^ never did any Ser^ me confiderahle^ but were cut off^ fome in one Place^ fome in another. In all Places the Vengeance of God follows Blood-thirfiy Men. Yet the giving Peace to thefe Blood- 1 hi rfty Men was not in any degree pre- judicial to the Protefiant Interefi. The People of England thought right, however the noble Hifto- rian thinks : The King fufferd under no Reproach more than by having mads that Ceffation, fo wonder-- fully unreafonable was the generality of the Nation then. The People thought that abandoning the Proteftants in heland^ and fighting with the Proteftants in England^ did prejudice to their common Intereft. Bufuj/p Men and fiber Men, to ufe his Lordfhip's Phrafe, were of Opinion, that if the Irjfl:f Rebels could deftroy the Proteftants in England^ the Pro- teftants in Ireland^ of whom they had juft mafla- cred 200000, would be rather fafcr than they were before. How wonderfully unreafonable was the generality of the Nation, not to be of the fame Opinion with thz fiber Men and the wife Men ? Notice has been ccken elfewhere of the ill In- formation which thofe at Oxford had from London ^s to what was done there, and the whole Narra- tion about the Self-denying Ordinance, and ncw- niodelling the Army, "is ^another Iniiance of it. Bu: 17^ 1 7^ Pag. 12 REMARK S o» the But to make the Matter ridiculous, it is introdu- ced w!!h a folcmn Faji-day to feek God ; a new Phrafe brought from Scotland viith the Covenant. I took notice before what a merry thing that Phrafe is with thefe Gentlemen. It was brought from Scotland like a piece of SiOtih P l a d to wrap up the Covenant in. Would it not have been as fair to have faid, It was brought from Scripture? Seek andyefiullfind, &c. But the Truth is, fuch Seekings were fo little known in the Cavalier Army, that 'cis no wonder they took the very Phrafe to be a Jeft. They accufed the Archbifhop ut a Dejign to hrmg in Popery, and of having Covreffondence -with the Pope ; (f ■which his greateft Enemies abfolved him. This tranflated into plain Engli{h is, Mr. Prynne, Mr. Burton, Mr. Peters, &c. declared that Archbifhop Laud had no Correfp(-ndence with the Pope, for they "^iiere hisgreatefl Enemies. Prynne abfolved him from correfponding ab^ut a Caidmal's Cap, tho' he read it in tiie Aichbifhop's Dinry writ;ea with his own Hand. That Correfpunuence has been fmce made as evident, as ariy Faft can be, by the noble and learned Moiilieuri^l^w!;/^' *s further Ac- count of his G'rrefponding witii Cardinal iJfl/«f/', the Pope's Minifier at Loudon, anu offering to go and dwell with the P- pe for 48000 Livres a Year Peniion. That Gentlcn-.ai-, in his tine Treatifeof , an Ambaffadnr and his FunBions, iecs us into the Se- cret of tne Correfpondence of our C' urr with that oi Rome to dcftroy the Proteftaut Religion. He was a Privv-Counfellor to his Highnefs the Duke of Brtiiifviiji, and had ferv'd that Prince as his Miaifter in feveral Courts. His Treatife is as judicious as it is polite ; and as he was not at all concern'd in our Matters, he iiad no Biafs but the love of Truth. Rofeui 'uas not contented to up his utmofi Endeavours to obtain Liberty of Qnfcieif Hiftoryofthe Rebellion. fir the Roman Catholicks, but attempted alfo to chnn.. the predominant Religion : The P^relT V'"""^^ jchbifi^of Laud hal abfl^i^^ fl'T, Attempt, according to the Hiftory oft^RZS. and accordmg to the U^JmaLforkSor^' p. I.. Tke Archbifhop of Canterbury 1. ^^^h^^- chnedto n and refihed to folkv^ RoVetti .rRome ' ,/ Cardtnal Barbanni, Nep/,e-^ to Pope Urban VHl" «^. Chinmgworth : No Man was an abler Enemy. H.S Lordfh.p owns. Vol. L Part I. p. X45,. "ThJ ,, Count o{Rofettir,U,A at London\n gteat part 1 .< «;;d r^^.^vowedly refortcd to by Catholicks of a 1 Conditions^ oyer whom he alYumed a parti- .^ cular Jur,fdia.on. He was carefs'd, and pre- ,, ^nted magnificently And, p. 444. ThePo^s ,_ Nuntio, Count Rfetu, enjoined Falling and « P^^y.'"g to be obferved every Week by tlie ., %¥. Papifts for Succefs in the Alteration 5 Religion : And the lufterin.. fuch a Minifterto lave Inch Jurild.ftion, which was fo eafy fo? her'eVr^.l^ •' T^^'^'^h ""^ '"'''^^'^ ^is reading here at all, is lufEcient Proof, that neither I n„l nor any of the Minifters in King S J dfe p^S ?ope%. " " '""^ ^'""' '^ countenance T. , • ';'^""" ""^'^'^ ^'^^ Pope's Nuntio. prove 1: /"^/''"'r- r ''''^^" ■' ^^^^ ^PPr-^h-ded, «T/,?hi^°'lVp z*^''""'''"'' of£»5/«,../ would In t"]' "'^- ^''^- P J72. he pleaded his Par- noble HiJv "'^] ^K^'lc'"^ *°/ l""' '' ^^■^^'-'^ by the noble H.ftorian himfelf, and drawn up by Sir 7io- Stl r TV '"'^^">r ^^^^'^ vviththeBroad- ^«1, carefully carry 'd to Lo,tdo>t, and deiiyer'd ^ into 177 I7S REMARKS on the into theArchbifhop'sown Hand. So valuable a Pre- fent as that, could not but be taken great care of; and it had lain by two Years.to be produced on the v^Jy occafion it Vas ufedfor, to prevent the Exe- Sn of the Parliament's Sentence that he ihoM he ham'd, drawn, and quarter d ; but upon the Archbiihop's Petition, the Manner of the Execu- tion was exchanged to beheading, tho not upon the firfx Petition : which argues how cnminal the Parliairent of England thought him. And indeed, the Obftinacy and Severity of the Man were fuch, that no ingenuous Tempers could ever bear with him ; infomrch, that one would take the Panegy- ricks which are beftow'd on him to be made ra- ther in Ibite to the Judgment of Men of Ingenuity, than in confequence of the Truth of his Cha- rafter : which is as diftant from the Humility, Charity, from the Piaity and Piety of Primitive Chnftianity, as Chriftiamty itfelf is from Paga- nifm ; as 1 have prov'd in this and other Trea- tifes The great Illegality in the Attainder of the Archbifliop further appears by the Reputation ot the Council who profecuted him ; arnong whom, we find Mr. Samud Brown, who reply d to the Archbifliop's Defence ; which, the Earl fays con- tain'd -all that need be /aid. And this Mr. Brown hadrender'd himfelf fo odious for his Reply, and carrying Laud's Bill of Attainder to the Houfe of Lords, that King Charles II. made him one of the Tuftices of the Court of Common Pleas, when he made the noble Hiftorian Lord ChanceUor; in which Court Mr. Brown fate Judgebefore him, as Lord Commiffioner of the Great Seal ; and lo did Sir John Maynard after him, being another oi the Lawyers in the Profecution oiLaud ; pro- vck'd to it by their Antipathy to the Church, Hiir. Ueb o ^7•' For to imagine that ArchbiflioP Laud was not himfelf the very Church oiEnglard^ •/I Hiftory of the Rebellion: 179 as by Law eftablifhed, would be a Herefy, with all the Admirers of that Hiilory,as abominable as that of the Gmfikks or Manichees. The Adions o{ the Parliament wr^ a Scandal to V^g. 574. the Chriflian Religion. This Refledion is juft be- fore the new-modelling of the Army \ which Al- teration of Meafures' did, to the great Scandal of Chnftianity, put to rout all the Parliament s Enemies. This way of Thinking is extremely fincere and natural. When his Lordfhip comes to the Treaty at Ux^ bridge^ he mufters his Divines on eachhde thus. On the King's Side. Dr. Stuart,^ Commiffioner. Dr. Sheldon^ afterwards Archbifliop. Dx.Lany^ afterw. Bi{hop. Dr. Ferne^ afterwards Biihop, &c. On the ParJinmeni^s Side.^'^^* 58^1 Mr. MarJJjall^ an EJfex Parfon. Mr. Vines, a IVarwick- fiire Parfon, &c. One may eafily pei'ceive, that the Doctors above- mentioned would not be brousjht to part with Epifcopacy ; and Dr. Stuart prov'd, that imhout Bi- fiops there could be no Ordination of Mini fie: s^ and confequently no Adminifiramn of Sacraments^ or Per- formance of the minifterial Funciions ; which is fo plain, that icnesded no Proof at all. The Mini- sters at G^//£"z;^, Chaventon, in Sv:ijferland^ Holland^ r^^ ^^ %y in .SVt^r/^/?^, where the King had abc- liihed Epilcopacy, had never any Ordination, and could not baptize Lifants, nor adminifter the Lord's ^upper, nor pray, nor preach, nor do any mini- ittrai Funftion. Hew then can that be true ^^^h^ch the Eai-1 of Lmdon, Lord Chancellor of ^mand, faid, after the Divines had been heard on oth fides ? Our Divines have learnedly made it appear^ ''^^ ^Pt^^^'opacy has no Foundation in Soipture, H]ft. N 2 Kio. i8o RE MARKS o» the Reb. p. 587. But I (hall not enter into thofe fruitlefs Debates^ as the Earl of Loudon call'd thera. One could not exped that the Doftors would have parted wich a Ceremony, to have put an end to that unnatural War ; nor was there greater rea- fon to hope, that the Parliament Divines would give up their Covenant: which Matter fliould have been firft fettled as a Preliminary, or I can't fee what Bufinefs fo many grave Politicians had at Uxbridge. If there had been any Temper in the Laudaan Clergy, any Difpofition to Modera- tion and Union, there never had been a Civil War ; and it was not likely, that thofe who had blown up the Coals, would affift to the putting out of the Fire. There is not the leaft Sophiftry in the next Story, which the Earl ftiles a pleafant one. The Earl of A^/T/toi^^ telling one of the King's Com- milfioners how the Creed came to be left out of the DireFlory, faid, It was put to the Voce, Whe- ther it fhould be put in ? and carry'd in the Nega- tive by nine Voices ; which made many fmile to P. 5SS. hear that the Creed had been pit to the Qiteftion, and rejetled. The Articles of the Creed weie not put to the Queftion, nor reiefted ; but the Vote was Whether thofe Articles ftiould be fo often repeated in Divine Service, and whether they fliould be printed in their DireElory ? As to the Militia, the Difpute was as warm, and the Matter as difficult. If the Mthta had been left in the Parliament, there could never have been any more Grievances ; and without Grievan- ces it was feldom known that Courtiers grew very rich " Four Perfons, very eminent m the Know- ^' led-e of the Law, Larie, Gardiner^ Bridgeman '* and Palmer^ made the Demand appear to oe '* without any Pretence of Law; ^n^^f^^J « to be veiled in the King by Law. The^oth. I,- Hiftory of the Keekllio^. 181 '^^ fide never offered to alledge any other Argu- " ment than the Determination of the Parliament/* This is one of the Paflages which I defire the Rea- der to confider with Attention. They never offered to aUedge any other Argument. IVhitlocke^ one of the CommifConers at the Treaty as well as the noble Hiftorian, writes, / undertook to make it out that our Law doth not pofitively affir?n where that great Power is lodged; and I doubted not to fatisfy the Commifft oners fuUy in that Point. We have heard what the noble Hiftorian, who was the Commiffioner that argued for xht Militia in the King, faid of the Parliament's Commiffioners alledging no Reafon. Let us now hear the other Commiffioner againft the Militia in the King. " The Commiffioners of both King- doms, at their Return to their Quarters, gave Whitlocke Thanks for encountring Hyde upon the Point of Right of the Militia ,• and faid, the Honour of the Parliament was concerned therein^ and vindicated by him!* The Cejfation granted the Irifl? Rebels, is a Mat- ter of eternal Horror. It fliocks the Reader now, as it did the Spedator then : yet the Earl of Cla- rendon aflures^us himfelf, Mr. Hyde, prov'd that Cejfation to be jufl and neceffavy^ that he put the Parliament's Commiffioners out of countenance, and they could make no other Reply to him, than fVe are for ry to find that the odious and det eft able Rebellion had received fo much' Grace, as that Commiffioner s f -omit had heen admitted into the King's prefence ; and wonder d there fhould be any Scruple made of declaring thatCeffation ^fi'^, that was enter'd into expredy againft an AB of Parliament. The Earl fays, there was no other Re- ply ; whereas there are in Ruftmorth fome Sheets of Vol Iir Paper of the Parliament's Replies; and this at laft p. S97, to jrom the Kmg's Commiffioners to the Parliament's ; >8a. ^ Jour Lordfhips cannot exped a particularAnfwer ^ trom us, iXcr So that the Earl had not the N 3 laft cc cc (( cc 7t-<;^/)- 0/ Uxbridge, came to the Com- mon Hall in London, and acquainted the City with the Proceedings of that Treaty, and of the A- verfenefs i88 RE MARKS on the i verfenefs on the King's Side to come to a Clofure of Peace ; fo that now it was of Necefllty for their own Defence, tofurnifli out the Army under Sir T'imnas Fairfax, The Truth is, the Delinquents who hung upon the Court at Oxford, and were fure to be brought to Juftice by the Parliament, would not lee the King give the leaft ground in the Articles about Biihops, Militia^ and Ireland ; and the Parliament could have no Security without the Militia. But I'm iMsiyAEpifiOpacy and Ireland wo\\\(X have been given up, if the Article of the Militiacould have been digefted. Epifcopacy had been given up in Scotland by the King, and his Majefty would have been ea- fily prevailed upon to have left the War in Ireland to the Parliament, if the Power of undoing every thing that fhould be done were left to him ; which Pag/^(^2.Power confifted in the Militia, HisLordfliip tells us, the King's CommifHoners talk'd with a little more Sharpnefs ; and well they might, efpecially thofe of them, particularly Mr. Hyde^ who were to exped no Pardon ! *' The King never imagined that it would enter " into their Thoughts to take away his Life ; '* and then comes the moft handfome Compliment to tk Hotife of Lords ^ and Houfe of Commons ; *' not that he believed they could be reftrain'd from that impious Aft by any Remorfe of Confcience, or that they had not Wickednefs to defign and exe- '* cute it." A Company of Highway-men, Houfe- Brcakers, and Pick -Pockets could not have ex- pefted worfe Language, yet his Lordfliip himfelt Part I. ^^^ f^^^ before, T?;:- major Part of the Parliament yag. \%^, con f lied of Ale n, xuho, tho' they were undevoted enough to tijc Court ^ had all imaginable Duty for the King^ and no fmndt', break the Peace of the Kingdom^ or to wake any confiderahle Alteration in the Government of the Church. But tbcfe Men of Honour became fo cor- rupted wj, d'c. cc cc cc « Moft of them Members of Parliament, as appears by this Vote in Sir "John Staweli's Memoirs. Ordered^ '' That Mr. Palmer^ Mr. Walker, Mr. Harring- ton, Mr. Serle, Sir "fhomas Wroth, Mr. 5/«^^, and Col. Popham, or any two of them, do take care that there be a Profecution and Indift- ment prepared ai^ainft Sir John Stawel^, What part Sir iViliiam Portman afted in this Qiiarrel, is mentioned elfewhere ; yet thefe Gentle- men are fome of the One and All of that whole po- ptdcus County ; which is otherwife fpoken of in other Parts of the Hifiory of the Rebellion. '' Tho* the Gentlemen of antient Families in that Coun- ty were for the moft part well-affefted, yet there were a People of an inferiour Degree, who by good Husbandry, Clothing, and other thri- vino- Arts, got themfelves into the Gentlemen s Eilates : thefe were faft Friends to the Parlia- Notwithftandin^ all this, the Kings cc cc cc cc cc cc cc menr. Counfellors at Oxford did believe that the Somerfef Jhire Pctiticners were the One and All ; and by their Advice the Prince oi Wales was made General ot the Weft. This hopeful Petition was drawn up for Sir John Staivell, juft mention'd, by Mr. Foun- taine, a Lawyer of Emineno; who had been iinprifned for his Affehim to the C own, Hift. Reb. p. ^04- This Fa//;;^'?/;?^ was imprifon'd for refufing to pay Contributions to the Charge of the War, as m^j' Mfiory of the Rebellion. 191 kcke writes p. 60. He and many others refufed, and again affilled on both fides, as they f aw the JVind to bUm. And he prov d himfelf to have great Affec- tion tor the King, by joining with Mr. Scot, after- wards hang d as a Commonwealth's Man to in- troduce General Fketviood into the Houfe of Com- mons as Knight of the Shire for Bucks-, the fame Eeenmod whom the Earl of Clarendon calls a Troo- per. Whitl. p. i8tf. We have a new Account of the Rife oi Montrofs's Depredations in Scotland, and that is the Coire- fpondence between him and the Popifli Earl of |g Antrim, yf^ho came from the Lifl, Rebels to Oxford. m ^«""« being engaged in a Delign to fend fome of thofe Rebels to Scotland to join Montrofs, in hopes of recovering the Highlands in poffeffion of the Houle oiCamptel, becaufe he was the Head of the Alackdonels ; his Lord/hip leaves it to Ge- nealcgifts to determine the Superiority of the Mcckdonels to the Camj>bels, and we muft do the ,-. lame. But fo it is, the ijoo/,# fent over by- Antrm 10 Montrofs, were the firft Forces he com- ■ ^(ucP-^^ ^^^ Covenanters: Himfelf being one ot^e hrft Peers in Scotland that took the Covenant. ihe King always refolved to pefe.ve fo venerable a flace as OxtoKD from Sacrilege, Hift. Reb. p. 620. 10 carry off a Burden from the Hedge of a Glebe. IS Sacrilege ; to demoiift an old Monkilh Mi/al, is Si. w-%^ '. ^"J^ '^^ ^-^^^^'' '■" Parliament, as ^Mea,m,,tlocke, &c. were fuch Enemies to Learn- ' hadrlt '^^^^f^fed if the Parliament's Army /i k" ^^>'^> 'hey would have fold the Bodi h ve r^^A^ "" Trunkmakers and Grocers. I OliLr ^°l"^«'here in a French Author, that ":/' ^''7.^^'^ committed Sacrilege in both Oxford ay t'tt' ^^ ^'YT" ''^"y «-k he could J. f "^."'Is on ; tho' in truth Oliver did encou- •. »--e i-earning and Men of Lcrters. Nay, ijis very Offi- ^ ^ 192. I * I H I'i' I REMARKS ontk Officers were io fond of chem, that Colonel PnW^ the Cobler would not be fatisfy'd without being niade a Mafter of Arts •, as we^read in A. Wool ^ Sir John Hot ham and hif Son bemg condemn d to be beheaded for pU^ttini^ to deliver up Hull to the Kir^g, ^be noble Hiilorian tells us, it was an Afl: of Divine Juflice, tor his not delivering it up before, p- 620. and the immediate Hand cf Almighty God. How iui e fliould one De of the Truth and Jufticeof a Thing, when that tremendous Name ismadeufeof? Will it fufter any Mixture of PafTion or Intereft, of Malice or Revenge > To fay the immediate Hand of God was in the Death ot thefe Gentlemen, when it is own'd there was Evidence enmgb againfl them, p. 621. is a way of Thinking and Speaking which I do not under- ftand. llie two Parties had appeal'd to the Sword : they could not iubfift without Difcipline; and to betray a Truft, is equally Treafon to the Perfons from whom you received that Truft, let the Party be what it will. Common Juftice and common Senfe teach this ; and the noble Hiftorian knew it a thoufand times better than I : which occafions a melancholy Refledlion on the confound- ing the Judgments of the Almighty with Ambi- tioii. Avarice, Vanity, or Refentment. We have already mentioned the hanging np twelve Clothiers by way of Reprifal for twelve Lifh Rebels ; and his Lordftiip informs us. Prince Rupert hung up Men on the Parliament fide tor twelve IriJIme,!, not Rebels. The Englifl? Pro- leftants are the Rebels, the Grand Rebels ; the Infi Pnpifts are only Irijhmen: A further Inftance of the Impartiality and Sincerity of the Hiftor) oj the Rebellion. The Parliament wrote a rude Let- ter to the Prince upon it, p. 623. but he valued it not aFig^ he aniwer'd them as rudely, p. ^24- The The Introduftlon at ^^^ u^ - - r . ^^ Book, ■^smcndJl\iilt'^^;^So{^^he ^h in the foiJowin- Year dJ.f ^^'sfortunes from the Weaknefs or Tn a" P^'/ °* '^'^ King. the part of the Parliament. T^e TruS' i^ T Counfels at Oxford were as fJ, „r n-n'' A'.' ^^^ thofe at Hy-e/iMr And ho ^^^.p.'^^aaion as wife? What was it wv 1 V^"''^.'' ^^ o^lier- Noblemen and^ G^'fle^ ti.Srfut t? T"^ " of Preferments and Honours and th^r'^^"' tience or Defpair of r,r. 1)1 K'EMARKSonthe *^ Lords confented t6 the Ordinance for Sir Thomas ** Fairfax's Commiflion" : And the very next day, y^^pril 2. the Earl of E/feXy the Earls of Mauchefier and Denbigh in the , Houfe of Peers oflfer'd to lay down their Commiffions, IVhitlocke^ p. 134. The noble Hiftorian informs us, t^ie Earl of EJfex deliverM a Paper at the Conference, wherein he declared, IVtth what AffeEiion and Fi- delity he had Jerv d them ; and as he had often 'ven- tur'd his Lije for them, fo he uould willingly have lofi it in their Service ; and fence they helievd that what they had more to do, would be better perforin d by ano- ther Many hefubmitted to their Judgment, and rejiored their Commijfion to them, hoping they would find an abler Servant ; concluding with fome Expreffions, which made it manifeft, that he did not think he had been well ufed, or that they would be tne better for the change. Which is all contrary in Senfe and Phrafe to Whitlockes Relation of this Matter, Z'. 134. The Earl's Paper was read to this Effeh ; " That he having been employ 'd for almoft three Years paft as General of all the Parlia- ment's Forces, which Chargi^he had endea- voured to perform with all Ilielity and Sedu- lity j yet confidering, by the Ordinance lately brought up, that it would be advantageous to the Publick ; the Lord Clarendon teUs m, k thought it would not be advantageous : '' he defir'd to ' lay down his Commiffion, and freely to render it into the Hands of thofe from whom he received it. The giving up of their Commiffions at this time was declared by both Houfes, to be an ac- ceptable Service, and a Tefpimony of the Fidelitj and Care tkofe three Lords had of the Publick \ and the Commons appointed a Committee to conHder of gratifying the Lord General, and the Earls of Mauchefier and Denbigh, for their faithful Services, and haz^arding their Lives and "' • 3 '^ For u (( cc cc cc cc «c cc cc C( cc cc ii„. the good Temper in which thclfj^f'T' :: fen,ibie : and as he had T gS' 'sZ^r:^ " bv'l fhePuoi.ck. which perfuaded him to the P^irliament and the Earl were in fo eood " C™?' "^^y "^^^ ^'"°-" ^o no body ^buc Sir Mkhnel Livefey, Col. Berkley &vRoimPje, Col Sheffield Lieut Gen. Fleet-^cod, Col. Pifkeri.L tTbtST' n,'"' '" ^''? Kingdom, were known Whether ^rh'-^^''''''-u ^ ''»"'% defire to know, Zki:'^''^''^''''^'^'' nnici, in that of ^sZ- tV^^'''''i'^''^'^y-' ^'^^^ the 0>:e and the Lr "'"^ oi Somerjet was ; and, p. 633. „ Vet thclt tV T'^'xT '"^ Concuneme from tie refl. ^ea .ot Honour. And we are afterwards ^ ■ 2 told. V9h\tu p. 152, IH •y, or of the % ^y : Vi 1^6 REMARKS o» the told, that Sir John Stawell was againfi all the Re/i^ Pag. Borftal- Houfe, PVhitl. One cannot but be confounded at the reading fuch PalTages, efpecially in Difparage- ment of two Generals, who, within two or three days, arc to obtain the moft glorious Viftory over the King's viftorious Armies. Of whp.t ufe is the nobie Hiftorian's triumphing thus at this Junfture, when a Week hardly pafles before there is fcarce a Man left in the Field of all the invincible Cava- liers ? And the Battel oi Nafeby decided the Ap- peal the two Parties had made to the Sword. TAf Parliar,:ent exceedingly de fired Peace, Hift. Reb- 6^. But how and for what, does not indeed appear iu that Hiftory, or any other ; unlefs it is in a Pe- tkion to the Parliament from the City of io«M *' That Recruits may be had for Sir Iho. Fairfaxi " Army, ^^ Hiftory of the Rebellion: jpp II Army, and that it may be order'd to fiaht the Enemy, and regain Leicefler, &c." mitkcke p. 143. Everybody believed that Fairfax^ Army was much dtfptrtted by leaving Oxford to march after the King ; and by blocking up Borfial-Houk, and not ftaymg to take it, p.d^s- and that his Army was Hift. ReL led out ojthe way, in order to be in the way of the Ktng s fo vtElorious Troops, who was ordered to find them out while their Fear was yet upon them. Whitl p. 144. informs us, Sir Thomas Fairfax marchMaf ter the Ktng, and was refolved to engage his Ar?ny if they would ftand. What an IF that was ? Why they were feeking him out, Hifl. Reb. and that within fix Miles of him, Whitl. p. ib. They fou<^ht for him in a quiet Pofture at Daintree, without knowing where he was for the fpace of five days ,• at laft, while the Fear was yet upon Fairfax's Ar- my, and the King's Army wanted to find him out. News came that Fairfax was advancing : where- upon »his Majefty retired, Hifl. Reb. p. 555. The Ktng s Soldiers had always an immoderate Appetite to m, p. ib. and therefore, tho' they had retired, like People in Fencing, 'twas only to advance again with frelh Vigour, ^/^. The Army was drawn up on a rifing Ground, p. ib. This Hiftory is fo- ber to an Extremity. The Rebels were muchfuperior tn Number, ib. Whitl. There were not ^00 oddi on either fide, p. 145. The King's Foot, according to their ufual Cuflom • for you muft know the Par- liament s Foot did not know how to fight ; falling in with their Swords and the Butt-ends of their Muf- quets, with which they did very notable Execution. If tney do any thing, it is always notably. IVhitlocke appears the fairer in his Relation, for that he leaves^^out according to their ufual Cuflom; and Jf ys, During which, the main Bodies had char- - ged one another with incredible Fiercenefs, O 4 " often 't^]i zoo R'EMARKSonthe *^ often retreating and rallying, falling in together *' with the Butt-end of their Mulquets, and " coming to Hand-blows with their Swords/* He does not exaggerate the Matter, that the Execution they did ivas notable ; it being to be fup- pos'd that it could not be otherwife in a Battle fo refclutely fought by Engliflmen^ whofe Number on both fides did not amount to 30000 ; yet I be- lie v^e they could not have been ftop'd by a much grer.tev "Number on any Ground in the World ; and it is much to be lamented, that fuch Valour had noc been employed againft any Enemy, but Englijlmen againft EngUfhmen, After the Rout at Nafeby^ was taken, among 0- ther things, the Kings own Cabinet^ where his mofi fecret Papers were^ and Letters between the Queen and hinty of which the Parliament Jhortly after made that barbarous Ufe as was agreeable to their Natures^ being all Hottentots and Cannibals; they fublijh\i them in Print. Is it not plcafant to fee thefe Gentlemen railing at the Parliament, for not treating with more Decorum a Princefs whom they had attaint- ed of High "Treafon, and who was very aftive in her Endeavours to arm, not only this Nation, but others for their Deftruftion ? The King and the two Houfes had been at War feveral Years ; the Parliament had broke open his Towns and Caftles, but they muft not bre^k open his Letters, which do as much Mifchief in War, fometimes, as Swords and Muskets- The Truth is, and fo very plain a Truth, that I wc dcr thefe Gentlemen (hould difguife it with any Hopes of Succefs, the fubjed Matters of thofe Letters were not fo much Conjugal Privacies, which Decency would forbid to be made publlck, as a fecret Cofrefpondence concerning the Affairs of .the War, with which it very much behov'd the Pariiameat to acquaint themfelves and their Friends ; Hiliory of the Rebellion, joi Friends ; efpecially fince the Contents provM be- yond queftion, what had fo often been fufpefted, that there was too great Intelligence between the King and the Papifis, Had it not been fair, when the Parliament was call'd fo many Scoundrels for printing thofe Let- ters, to have told us what was in them, as in that of the 15th o{ February 16^4-^, about the Vxbndire Treaty. Thou needft not doubt the Ijfue of this Treaty Jor my Commi(fmers are fo well chofen, though I fay )t, that they will neither be threatened nor difputed from the Grounds I have given them. We fhall now learn who it was that concerted the Injundions to thofe Com- niiffioners, which upon my Word is according to the little Note thoufo well rememhrefi. But tho' I have all the Letters before me, I (hall content myfelf with an Extradl out of Coke. Hevo! I p declared his Intentions to " make peace with the 385'. * ^'^ hifloy and to have 40000 of them over into Eng-^ ' landy to profecute the War/' And in other Let-- tm he complain d, " he could not prevail with his •| Mongrel Parliament at Oxford to vote that the '^1 Parliament at Weftminfler was not a lawful Par- *| liament. Again, that he would not make Peace with the Rebels (the Parliament) without her Approbation, nor go one jot from the Paper (he fent him ; that in the Treaty at Uxbridge he did not pofitively own the Parliament, it being otherwife to be conftrued, tho' they were fo Am- ple as not to find it out/' And much of the like Tendency, which fhew'd that little Depen- dance was to be made on Treaties that were to be vacated and deny'd, when it could be done with Safety. Are thefe Letters genuine > they never were doubted 'to be otherwife. Is what we there read true ? How then could the King or the Qiieen be afpers'd, as the Eajrl declares .> Had cc m •201 KEMARKSonthe If m Pag. 658. Had there been any thing done, the Report of which would be an Afperfion ? No, certainly, all Counfels on that Side were infallible ; and to lay a blemifh on them, by publifhing the Truth, is a- greeable to the barbarous Natures of the Houfe of Peers, and Houfe of Commons. Thus is the So- briety of Hiftory continued to us. IJhallmt flay, fays his Lordftiip, to mention tk Pag. ib. Names ofthofe noble Perfons^ who were lofl in this Bat- tle, when the King and the Kingdom were lofl in it : England was never heard of afterwards, till a Year or two after the Reftoration ; when the Earl of Clarendon procurM an Aft to repeal the 7r/>/2- nial Bill, and eftablifh a Bill for Uniformity, 'There were above 150 Officers and Gentlemen of Prime Qua' lity dead upon the Spot, and whofe Me?nories ought t9 be prefervd ; as Sir Peter Brown, a Papift ; Lieute- nant Col. Sayr, another Papift ; Major Markham, Mnjcr Rively, &c. all Roman Catholicks, as they were then ftil'd, Papifts being a difcarded Term, on account of the Offence it gave to thofe cf the Religion. The Parliaments Soldiers in the Purfuit kilTd akiJi a hundred Women^ whereof fome were the l^rves cf f sig. 6 ^i^, officers of Quality, This is fo very probable, that methinks 1 fee them firing their Blunderbufles at their Ladyfhips ; Officers of Qiiality do generally carry their Ladies about with them in Baggage- Waggons, efpecially where there's likelihood of a Battle : But there is a Sort of Quality-Women, who chufe to be in the Camp at that Time, to be at hand, if there is any Stripping-Work a-foot: Your Gentlewomen of Ireland, fuch as came over after the Ceffation, were very likely to follow the Army, for the fake of the Plunder and good Fel- lowfhip. And fo it proves, IVlntlocke telling us, P- 145. A hundred Ir'iih fVomen were taken, I thinK not to take notice of any more I f^s ; tho' they flow Hiflory e>/r^^ Rebellio n. 202 ' flow in upon us to the End of the Hiftory, for one I F may ferve for all ; If the King had had any more Armaes an the Field, I f they would have ^ught better than thofe of the Parliament. If the Houfe of Lords and Houfe of Commons had been fo much m the King's Power, as he was in their's : they might have been glad to have run to the Scots w do ""' ^' '"' ^"^'"^^ "^^^ ^°°" ^''"g'*^ The long Account of the Affairs in the Wefi, were doubtlefs the lefs tedious in his Lordfhi^'s Narration, for that himfelf was a main Counfellor and Agent; but to Standers-by, who love Aftion and Intrigue, it will be perhaps more tirefome : only I cannot help admiring how it came about that when Sir Rtchard Greenvile had hang'd up a Lawyer, who had been employ 'd in a Suitasainft him.Pag. «8. when he own'd ,t and made a Jeft of h, his Judg- ^ es, oi^hom Siv Edv:ard Hyde ^^s one, had not' ferv d him as Sir /i/c/%//zx, buthimfelf,- a Treaty is fet on foot, and in the mean time the General advanc'd to quicken their peaceable Inclinations. Inflead of fending the Arms and Ammunition to Pendennis ; the firfl Article of the Treaty was, That the Lord HoptonV Army fhould be frefently disbanded, and his Horfe, Arms and Ammu^ nition. Artillery, Bag and Baggage be delivered up to Sir Thomas Fairfax ; Whitl. p. 205. So the Lord Hopton furrender'd near 3000 Horfe, and Major General Skippon with 2400 only broke thro* the King's Army in the fame County, difdaining in- deed to come to a Treaty. The King's Faithful Counfellors and Ser- 1^ vants fluck to him to the End, and if they were " not able to give him Afliftance to ftem the migh- ^^ ty Torrent, that over-bore both him and them, ^'^ paid him ftili the Duty that was due to him, and ^^ gave him no Vexation, when they could not give him Comfort.'' They ftuck to him becaufe they had nothing elfe to ftick to ; the Parliament had profcribed moft of them, and their Care to preferve themfelves kept their Mafter, by theit Advice, from taking due Care of his own Prefer- vation. Why is this dutiful Behaviour of theirs fo much applauded ? Who had ever charged them with vexing the King? Was it not the Confciouf- nefs^of the Vexation they gave him, which occa- non d this Applaufe, fo little deferv'd, that his E- pemies could not have ufed him worfe ? As il- luftrious as his Lordfliip's Charafter is for Digni- ^y> Genius, and Eloquence, I am about to oppofe to him a Name at leaft every whit as iliuftrious, and that is Mr. Locke, who writes thus, as he is quo- ted m M. Des Maizeau:;\ CoHeftions, p. 14 1. The Treatmenp ill fc ^t ,■' m 106 REMARKS on the f I r \i I • i II Treatment he met from his FoSoiuers at Oxford made it an hard, but almoft an even Choice to be the Par- liaments Prifone/y or their Slave. I beg to be in- form'd, whether Infincerity and Partiality are Terms ftrong enough to exprefs the Mifreprefen- tation here, and whether it is poiTible for two Fafts to be more contrary to one another. The Prince of Wales been having prevail'd upon to write a Letter to Sir Thomas Fairfax, for a Pafs for Hopton and Colepepyr to go to the King, to fefuade him to comply luith the Parliament^ Whitl. p. 187. the Earl of Clarendon^ p. 688. affures us there was fuch a Defign in fome about the Prince, but he was with great difficulty diverted from it; inftead of which, it is probable Sir Thomas Fairfaxes Anfwer to his Letter diverted him from it. Whitl. p. fb. he wrote very refpeftfully to the Prince, and advised him to disband his Army^ as the beft PPaj for him, his Pofterity and Friends ; which, if he would do. Sir Thomas himfelf would fafely convey him to the Parliament. When the King was almoft at the loweft Ebb of his Fortune in the Civil War, and after the Over- tures he had made in two Meflages had been re- jefted by the Parliament, his Counfellors advis'd him to try a third Meflage, which Jhould contain no- thing but a Refentment. It is needlefs to remember that thofe Counfellors were by much the wifell Heads in the Nation, as we are told in a hundred Places of the Hiftory of the Rebellion. If the Diffi- culties his Majefty lay under had made any Im- preffion on them, they would certainly have given him better Counfel than to refent, when his Mef- fages were fo little minded ; and if the Leaders in Parliament had now enter'd upon moderate Coun- fels, no doubt their Wifdom might have provided for their Security in fuch manner as tlie King would Hipry of the Rebellion. would have confented to, and this Junfture, before Spirits had been further inflamed, was a happy one to have procur'd a lafting Settlement : When the King was a Prifoner, all Treaty was Force, and could not have been carry 'd on with fo good a Grace as while he had yet the Sword in his Hand. I doubt not fome thoughtlefs malicious People will take me all along for as errant a Republican as Aim gernon Sydney • but they judge in that as wildlv, as m their other Cavalier Sentiments : thus far an Eng" lijhman might have gone with Difcretion and Inno- cence, but as foon as the Civil Power was tram- pled under foot by the Military, the Parliament of England nut under a Force, and the Soldiery took on them to give Law both to King and Par- liament, the Conftitution fuffer'd Shipwreck, and nothing could be expedled from it, but the Con- fufion which followed, and which very often fol- lows at the winding up of Civil Wars. Yet the Cor- ruption of a gdod thing is no Argument that the thing was not goo4, and the Defence of the Peo- ple s juft Rights, and the bringing Delinquents to- Juftice, was a Caufe which none but fo extenfive a Genius, and fo flowing Oratory as the Lord Cla- rendons, could have pidured with fo much Defor- mity. It muft be own'd, that his Maje&y's Ofter to fettle the Militia in fuc|i Perfons as jhould be ac- ceptable to them, Hift. Reb. p. 744. was a fure Way to Peace, if the Time had been lengthened till the Animofities were forgotten, and the People's Rights were fecur'd on a found Bottom. The Treaty the King commenc'd with the Scots was the more hopeful, for that he had fomething extraordinary to offer them for their Security; Monfieur Montrevil having Authority from the Queen Regent at Paris to engage the Faith of France for the Performance of whatfoever the King 107 11 ii 1^ if 1 >J > - , 1 i-^-:' 2o8, REMAKKS onthe King (hould promife, Hifl, Reb, p. 747. But there is fomething ftill more extraordinary in p. 7^ i. where we are told the King found out a Confpiracy be tween the Roman Catholicks and Presbyterians againft the Church. Hiftoryofthe Rebellion. 209 i'"' P; ! "'fi I 1 ■ .f CHAP. CHAP. V. Remarks on the Hiftory of the R e- BELL ION. Vol. HI. Part 1. 1^^'^^ ^^°'''" Hillorian knew perfeftiv '""Tlig Tr T"^' '^''•' '^'^ indifpenfable Duty of fuch as write Hiflory. and teaches ic ^'^'^ V.lin. P'.L The Love .fTrmh mil 'in com. n Ms a,! Perfins u-h, come to be memioned in Bcdies of Men, ivhich cannot be fo com-^os'd" hnr there mt,ft be fome of lefs Merit and'el V^n^e dents ,n Ey,gland under the wild Denomination cf L>bert,nes Atheifts. Fanaticks, and Here°^:ks hrceany Man king call'd in queftion for dJllven' '^pOpnkn in Religion, hfpeakis or ^rhi^ hi W s a„ ,, J ft ^ p^,^^^ ^,^ that^f idl' J iiail not make ufe of an Author who fov, ,n-'d B in P'"^P.^='r%Wretches. L Calan. //| / «''«• p. uz. As forthe ludependcnrs, he found ^ "molt f>." ZIO cc It p. 87. Vol. I. p, 77- REMARKS o«^k moft of them zealous, and many of them learned, difcreet and pious, capable of being very ferviceabkn the Church, Searching Scripture and Antiquity iox Prophanenefs, Heiefy, and Blafphemy. Then as to their Principles of Church-Government Bax- ter faid Archbifhop Uper was a kind of Indepen- dent, telling him, that every Bifhop vias independent as to Synods, and Synods not fi much for Government as for Concord. The Truth is, the Licence of the Qvtl War made a Military Rabble, wanton with buc- cefs, ftart out into ftrange Notions of Rfl'Sion. which was Matter of Complaint among both Pre}- hnerians and Independents ; upon this. Dr. Caamj writes thus foberly and truly, " Never could the ■ \\'«rld be told more loudly, whither the Spi- ritual Pride of ungrounded Novices in Religion tendcth, and whither they may be carry d inthe Stream of Sefts and Faftions. Often would tb.e Ranters vent the moft horrid Oaths as the Efteft cf Knt-wlcdge in the fanatick Strain, wh^ch they would father upon the Sprnt. This pretended Infpiration, with its Accompli- ces JBlafphemy, Prophanenefs and Herely, docs the Earl father upon the Independents. As thefe are fo hardly call'd in the Hiftory, thole that were for high Epifcopacy, and affertedit to be the Church of Chrift, are every where in the lame Hiftory term'd the I.(?/«Kfi and the P/oar. Nay,lucn of them as were outed of the Miniftry for Lewd- r.efs and Ignorance, are honour'd equally wuh tnc reft • tho' we are told of them by Calamy, tney " were generally prov'd infufficient or fcandalous, or both, by the Oiths of feveral Witnefles, el- pccially guilty of Drunkennc-fs or Swearing, &c. Thofe that were put in their Places, vveie commonly fuch as fet themielves laborioullv to feek the faving of Souls; " iibich Seikino, wu be as much a Jeft as leeking the Lord is in o^W c( C( cc cc iC <( (C ic i Hiftory of the Keeellioj^. h^ rioufly the bad Work of that Clergy, that 'twas caird the Bifiops JVar ; and it had been fo often and fo juftly laid to their charge, that their Op- ponents could not fo well clear thcmfelves of it, as by retaliating on the Puritan Minifters after the War with the Parliament broke out. It was very natural for Minifters, as well as others zea- lous for a Caufe, to do all that lay in their power to fupport it j as that Latidaan Prieft, who pray'd for the Succefs of the Irijh Rebels, when it was underftood that they intended to affift the King againft the Parliament of England. But this Re- proach remained chiefly among the Drollers and Jeft-makers of the Royal Party, and needed not to have been put into a grave fober Hiftory, when 'twas fo well placed in a merry one : When Gofpel-Trumpeter fur rounded With long-ear' d Rout to Battle founded^ &c. From the Beginning of the Hiftory of the Re^ hellion to the End, whatever was done by the Parliament for Self-prefervation is fpoken of as Illegal, Barbarous, Tyrannical and Bloody. The Sophiftry is, in taking no notice of the Appeal on both fides to the Sword, which obliged each to give the Law within the Limits of their Power. If the Refiftance of the Parliament was lawful, while they were free and under no military Direftion; the Methods of it muft be fo too, where Faith and Juftice were preferv'd : and there can be no greater Nonfenfe than to fuppofe it lawful for the Parliament to refift, and not lawful for them to defend themfelves againft Treafon, as well as rower : for to attempt the Deflrudion of thofe under whofe Proteftion you live, is certainly as ^'^^^f^f^\t as any thing in the Statute of 25 FM ^^';^nL And that their Refiftance was Lawful, * think 15 proved by this Declarative Claufe in the Militia- fi 210 REMARKS onthe Vol. III. Part I. p. 90. Militia-Aft pafsM by the Parliament after tht Se- cluded Members^ and the Refolution to reftore the King. Every Commiffioner of the Militia was to acknowledge and declare, T'hat the War undertaken by both Houfes of Parlia'ment in their Defence againfl the Forces raifed in the Name of the late King^ was Juft and Lawful, This is the Parliament of whom Vol. III. the Earl fays, that they did many Prudent ABions; Part II. and their Declaration in the Militia- Aft was P*7^S. doubtlefs one of them, notwithftanding his Lord- fiiip calls them all Rebels in the Title of his Book. To return to the Hiftory. " The Commifnoncrs were no fooner gone, than Hammond caused all the Kings Servants to be im- *' mediately put out of the Cafile" But we are not told why, nor that the Governour had difcovery the King's Treaty with the Sects to raife a new War. Ludlow, p. 235. ^' The Impreflion which ^' the Difcovery of thefe things made upon the Governour was fo great, that before he depar- ted from Carisbrcke, to accompany the Parlia- ment's Commiflioners to Newport^ he gave or- ders for a ftrift Guard to be kept in his ab- fence, and at his return commanded the Gates to be lock'd up, and the Guards to be doubled, fitiing up himfeif with them all night, whereby the King's intended Efcape was obftrufted." How can this Portion of Hiftory be Sincere and Simple, without a Word of the King's intended Efcape ? Had the Governour's Conduft been al- ter'd cut of his own mere Motion, then the Bar- barity of it had been a proper Subjeft of Decla- mation ; but as he was intrufted with the Cuftody of the King, who was treating with Foreigners to invade this Kingdom,, and had form'd a Defign to efcape to them, and involve this Nation once more in War and Blood, Good Manners certainly ought to give way to Good Policy. The many In- cc cc cc cc €C €C CC y Hi/fory oftheRE hellion, zii Infurreftions in England, and the Invafion of the Scots,^ are fufficient Proofs that fuch a De/ign was form'd ,• the Lord Clarendon knew it, but it is funk, to prevent any Speculadon on the King's Treaty for Peace with the Parliament, and wfth the Scots for War, at one and the fame time. The Guards being doubled, hisLordfliip proceeds: "This infoient and imperious Way of Pro- Pag. 90. " ceedmg,'' for ai: Or^'icer tc guard his Prifoner, is very i?}i^eyioui Ir , a heChri«i,„ R^JbSTfeif tZftSf Forms, &,e„,„„ie,, ir,. „,„, „„ ^J '"«- • 'f Infpiration, but I cannot therefore chari .n thofe that believe they have rece'v'd Gpf". \ Prayer ro be Hypocrites, whichTs he W of he Hiiory; nndtheMiftake is fomucho'rL nghcfide. that true Piety and Charit;wouS' S^ The next Obfervation will have on^ f l fame miUs with the former aS rh. v '''r ^m-Addreffes, the Parliamen m^^'; a DeH "^ •therein rhey repeated a 'IrJ'F" -^^"."""^ Adminiftration in^// rr ^™^"'^'t>es of the ■me. b fore.n'/ f ?• J^em-^onh, and Land's > oetore and alccr the Cvilll'-,r. The Terms ^ were Ii6 R E M A R K S o» f k were very plain and exprefllve, and what related totheKinghimielf had little Ceremony ink. But I cannot believe that Shjohn Maynard fpoke againft it in the Hoiite of Commons, becaufe he was not then a Member of that Houfe, andbefideSj was a Prifoner in the Tower. WJoitl p. 270.J Pag. 270. The Parliament orderM, September j, f<^47? ^^^^i\ 5/> John Maynard P)ould be dif charged from beiti^nl Member of the Houfe y and committed to the Tower durini^ the Pkafurt of the Houfe. And the Declaration con-, cerning the Votes for Non-Addrefles was not publiflicdtill almoft half a Year after, the 15th of February following, fVhitl p. 292. the very fame day that the fame Sir John Mayyiard fent a| V'^o io-* Pi'oteftation from the Tower to the Lords, tel- ^' ling them, He ought to be trfd by a Jury, &c. Thus we fee that Sirjohn was not a Member of Par- liament, but a Prifoner in the Tower, when the Earl writes of him ; '* Sir John Maynard, a Mem-I *' ber of the Houfe, who had too much com- *' ph-'d and concurred with their irregular and " un'juil Proceedings, after he had with great *' Vehemence oppoVcd/' nota bene, he was all the while ill Prifon, " and contradicled the moft *' odious Part of their Declaration, told them " plainly," he beiyig in the "tower, and they inM SicphQa sChappel, '' That by this Refolution oi '^ rr.aking no' more Addrefl'es, &cr I fuppoi« there is^^.o Remark expefted on a Thing tliat could net be done. So we proceed. Un Rcb ''^^"' Officers of the Army reflved to imprifon m P.5J7. ' * Marqiiifs of Ormond, not as a Man whom thef fufpeded of Defigns againft the Parliament wheH ever he could execute them ; but as a Man '^^^} (f their R'ur. Ic is a ftrange thing : They v^'iJ be terrible, let their Circumfiances be whac tn^y will. Co/«uv// and the Army are afraid ot t.- Marquifs of OnnonJ, without Arms or ho^ Biflory of the Rebellion ny bat what the Parliament gave him, IVhitlp, i-jg, 1'he Truth is, ;>. 3 20. 'They had Letters from Dub- lin, that the Lord Ormond was expecied at Cork upon whofe coming thither a reneyal Revolt zvas in- tended. And in fuch Cale, any OfEcer was fo far worthy tlicir Fear, as ro be worthy their feizing him. I {i\^^ not this to depreciate the Marquifs of Ormond, He wns a wife, brave Man, and liv'd long enough to be fcnfible of the ill Defigns of the Court againft our Religion and Liberties ,• nor did he owe that Tendency of his Juclrrment to any Difgrace or Danger. The Earl o{ Clarendon, who liv'd not fo long as he, however liv'd long enough to difcover the Machinations that were carried on by the Favourers of Popery and Arbitrary Power ; but his Judgment was en- lii^hten'd by Articles of Impeachment three Years after that Reftauration, in which we are told he had been fo inftrumental ; and by a fecond Im- peachment four Years aftjer that, which ended in Banifhment, that ended not but with his Life. Had not the Hiftory of the Rebellion been written before, we fhould haVe loft abundance of Heroifm. It is not out of Refpca to Mr. Hollis, that his Qiiarrel with General Lreton is rcprclented fo much to his Advantage, but out cf Dlfguft to L'em,who was the moft zealous Republican in the Army. This Gentleman's Courage could be queftion'd by no body but fuch wild Thinkers as ^he Cavaliers, who call'd Crcr^.well a Coward. There was not probably a m^re intrepid Man jyon Earth, both for Council and Adiion, than Oeneral lreton^ whofe Enemies prcvail'd over him indeed at laft, and when he v.^as dead, pull'd him our of his Grave ; and among other Affronts put on his Memory, is this in the Earl's Hiftory: cc ^^'*^'-S upon a very hot Debate in the Houfe, and fome rude Expre;Ti.)ns which fell from *' le^on^ ''- [i ii8 Pag. 58. REMARKS on the C( cc cc cc CC cc " Ireton, perfuaded him to walk out of the Houfe *^ with him, and then told him. That he Ihould " prefently go over the Water and fight him. *' Ireton reply M,* his Confcience would not fuffcr him to fight a Duel. Mollis in Choler pulU him by the NofeP Here are two Meanings ; the one to make merry with Confcience, the other to expofe Ireton s Cowardice j and both the very re- verfe to the Faft, as it is told by General Ludkvi, who was at the fame time in the Houfe. " One day CommifTary-General Ireton fpeaking fomething which Mr. Hollis thought injurious to his Friends, the latter pafllng by him in the Houfe, whifpered him in the Ear, telling him it was falfe, and he would juftify it to be fo, if he would fellow him ; and thereupon immedia^ly Pag. 244." went out of the Houfe, with the other foU()w- *' ing him." Ireton did not put off Fighting with his Confcience, but accepted the Challenge im- mediately. " Some Members, who had obferved ** their obftinate Carriage to each other, and " feenthem haftily leaving the Houfe, acquainted " the Parliament with their Apprehenfions: Whereupon they fent their Serjeant at Arms to command their Attendance; which he letting them underftand as they were taking Boat to go to the other fide of the Water, they returned, without any pulling by the Nofe. Which is another remarkable Inftance of Sincerity and Simplicity. The Refleftions that arife from Fafis made on purpofe, and that never had a Being, have a particular kind of Abfurdity, which gives us at once both Indignation and Pleafure. There was no tweaking in the Cafe. The Challenge was whifper*d, and filently accepted of. The Parties went out to fight, the Parliament interpofed, and tudj. p. enjoin d them to forbear all Words or Adions ot ^4^ Enmity towards each other ; and to carry thf (C cc cc ody 231 K'EUARKSonthe ii*n n /. body thought it a bafe and diflionourable Bargain to buy his Majefty at a Price, which was paid ; whereas the Earl informs us, p. 107. the Money was not all paid, and that the King himfelf en- gaged to pay it whenever he was able. All which, and much more, his Majefty fign'd the 26th Day oi December^ Anno Dom. 1647. Obliging himfelf on thelVordof a King^ lays his Lordfhip, to perform the faid Articles^ which, in the next Page we are told, was not poffible to be perform d, That is, it was not pcffible for the King to eftabliih Presbytery and the Covenant ; or, in other words, }t was not pofTible for his Majefty to keep his Word ; a Charge which no body but Oliver Crom- ijoell had the Impudence ever to lay againft him. And indeed, it was very polTible to have put the Direftory in the Place of the Liturgy, and a Presbyter into that of a Bifhop, as the Parliament fhcw'd before and after ; yet the noble Hiftorian is pofitive, p. 108. that all the People oi England might as ealily he cramm'd into CarisbrokeCMc, as the DireBory and Presbytery be eftabliflied in England^ iho' but for three Years, p. 105. pag. io»''s Fa,rfa:^s Arrns out of Eafi Kent, ifheLldPa. m^ not get over the Medvjay, and there was no Way ^ifhTJf ^ °T' ,''"' f ^oche/ier-Bridge, which they might have broken down, and Sir Thomas could Pag „, ever have got it mended again ; then by fortifying ^ ^^' Zfu^L T' '^^ P^^'--^"''^ ArmyVould^of he eJ nf i' '°- ri' ^°"'/° ^""^^ ^""her. But Pag. ib. St ""'"^J ^''°1 '^^'^^'^^ General of the ' ^^Jh Troops, as fVat Tyler had been about two heHj:,''?^'^^^«'-^''^f°«' he put himfelf at Shf^^^r' «"d march'd to£/.c^-^,,,A. I |«ncy the Reader will be infinitely plsas'd with this R Piec« 14^ REMARKS o»r&e f i: Vol III. Piece of Hiftory, and therefore I give it almoft in Part I. p. the Words of the Original. i was the Beginning ^5*> '^^^'oi^une, and th^ Seafon the warmefi oj the Year ; yet the Troops of Kent could not be out of their warm Pa^ I. ^ Beds, and many withdrew themfelves : Ihofe ^' ^^* that remained, had no Reafon to beheve themfelves equal to General Fairfax's veteran Army ; and as that General advanced, the Kentifh Forces drew back: But in their drawing back, they made le- veral Stands ; till being hard ?^^^j.^?}^^^^^^ Thev did not run away, they only divided 1 heir Ge- neral , the Earl of Norwich, quitted Rochefter and fer- rv'd over into EJfex, with a thoufand Horfe and Foot among whom were many young Gentlemen, grown up in Loyal Families, to a very fine Pur pofe, who had been too young to appear before; and what did thofe wiferHeads deferve,who inveigled thofe pretty vounq Gentlemen into a Bufmefs, which was like- ly toVrevent their growing much older. Another Pag. 30^. Account of this Heroick Enterprize is in mitk^ The Kentifh Mea, not the Kentifh Army, the Ae^- ti(h Troops, nor the Kcnti/h Forces, as the Lord Clarendon ftUes them, dilfatisfy'd at Goring not th^ Earl of Norwich's being their General, divided, and a fmall Party of the Parliament's Horfe, co- min^- in fight of them, the Kemi/h Men were ftruck with Fear, and moft of them fled j the Parliament's Horfe came on, and took many f n- foners. Goring, with about five hundred oi the Chief of them ferry 'd over to Ejfex Side, andma- kincT great hafte, fome of them did fwim, ana many were drowned. The Seamen and Watermen, who had before joined with them, now fet upon them, and took many Prifoners, and good Pillage, from the Young Gentlemen, before mentioned ; lor the Bai^gage of the Yeomanry was not very con- (iderable. The Earl of Clarendon tells us, they found many Perfons in EJfex ready to join them > Bifiory of the Re bellion: the Ejjexians having purpos'd to have paft over in- to Kent, if they had not been prevented, by their unexpedled coming to them, after they were dri- ven over the Water by General Fairfax. Much talk has been of the Siege of Cohheflerl and the brave Defence that was made ; but few confider the Caufes, that lengthen d out the Siege: feveral lirtle Infurreftions in diftant Counties divi- ded the Parliament's Forces ,• but more efpecially, the expeded Livafion of the Scots : Commotions a- bout London, made it neceffary to keep a good Bo- dy of Troops thereabouts, and all this was the diminifhing of General Fairfax's Army ; tho' I be- lieve the main Caufe was the faving of the Lives of the Men, and a Defire to reduce the Place with as little Blood-lhed as poflible, which the Roy- allifts fondly imagined, was an Effeft of his Fear of them : Whereas, in Truth, he had them in a Coop, and the keeping of them there a ftarving, was a Part of their Punilhment. No Hiftorian ever prepared for his Events fo well as his Lordftiip : The Royallifts being to keep their ground at Cokhefler^ that they may do ic with the more Reputation, the Townfmen are made their Enemies, they were not glad of their Com" pny ; and truly I believe there was not a Town in England^ that would have been glad of it. And then to fhew what a rafli Officer the wary Gene- ral Fairfax was, he was for entring the Town prefently, when he faw there were no Fortifica-* tions. But Fortifications or not Fortifications, 'tis all one to the Cavaliers, they are always like Wid- drngton in Ckevy-Chace, and Fairfax found fo rude Refiilance, that he turnd the Siege into a blockade ; for tho' the Town was not fortify 'd, ul ^^^ "^ taking of it from the Royallifts, but ^y Famine, R Hi 244- REMARKS on the ri I fancy the Hiftory of the Prince's Fleet will be as pleafant, as any of the former Hlftories. '* The City of London was to be courted by Fag. i5)'cc ^jj Artifices imaginable; and that was fo a- " larm'd by the Fieet'sbeing in the River, ^and by " the Seizure of fo many of their Ships." The oddc'ft Way of Courtfhip that one has met with, and it is exprefs'd further in the Commiflions which the Prince iffu'dout, to do allpoffible Dama^t and HojlHhy in their Shipping, Commerce^ and Nai'i- ffh'thckef gat ion, and to take, and apprehend, ftnky and fire^ P- 1^^* and otherwife impair and defiroy their Ships, Vejjth^ Men^ and Goods, dec. " The Fleet, at their En- H'tJl.Reh. " trance into the River oil'hames ;'' that is, the pag. 15^' Downs, as in IVhitlocke ; tho' I thought before, that his Royal Highnefs's Fleet had been in Lon^ Reach. In IVhitlocke alfo we have fome reafonable Account of his coming into the Downs ; he wrote a Letter to the Merchants to fend him 20oco/.atid they ihould have their* Ships, particularly the ^^g- ^^^^' Cloth Ship mentioned by the Earl of Clarendon; for the Redemption of which, and the reft, 12000/. was fent the Prince. Twas fuppos'd, fays the Earl, fome Parliament- Men had more Money on board that Vejfel than the Cloth was worth ; and a- gain, there was fomewhat elfe, he fides Cloth, in tr^i Body of the Ship, and yet there was no Search mair. which was a Wonder, confidering what a precious thing Money was a-board his Royal Highnefss Fleet. This Cloth Ship was bound for Rotterdm, and there was not.likely to be much ready Ca(h in VAg, 157,^^^ ^^^^y ^f ^^^^^y ^^ft ^^^' ^^^ ^h^^^ ^^^ ^ ^"'' 15S. ' nea Ship taken by the Lord WiUoughby^ Vice- Ad- miral of the Prince's Fleet, which had in her near mitlocke, 20000 1, in Gold, and belonged to Mr. Rcwlm |). 322. l-l/ilfm, whofe Son commanded a Regiment in the Parliament's Service ; tho' he was to inherit an t- ftatc. which would have bought all the boaft^d Lands Hiliory of the Reeellioj^. 245 Lands of ten Colonels in the other Army. The IVind being in the Prince's Face, drove hint back cut of the River. Again, the Earl of Warwick, as the Wtndfiood^ could not be compelled to fight : Where- ^*S' i^o« fore, being in Diftrefs of Provifions, 'was thought more counfellable to put to Sea. Lridlow informs us very bluntly, that inftcad of compelling Warivick to fight, the Prince's Fleet fled, and was purfu'd to the Coaft of Holland. " The Prince, prefumin^r " either that the Earl of Warwick would not fi^h^ " him, or perhaps come over to him, lay fome *' time in Expeftation ; but finding by the manner '' of his Approach, that he was deceived, he " thought it convenient to make all the Sa'il he " could to the Coaft of Holland^ and Warwick fol- " low'd him to the TexeH' However, I f inftead of making fo much Sail to Holland^ the Prince's Fleet had failed to the lile of Wight, the Kincr might probably have been released, Hift. Reb. p. 1 66^ Indeed the Earl of Clarendon does not lay his Royal Highnefs made all the Sail he could from the Earl of Warwick ; he, on the contrary, inti- mates, that the Prince's Fleet would have' com- pell'd him to fight, had it not been for want of Provifions, tho' a little Beef will do in the Time of Battle : But there was another Reafon ; the Earl of Lauderdale came from Duke Hamilton, to de- mand the Performance of the Treaty with the Sic^s', Part of which was, that his Royal High- nefs Ihould command the Covenanters in Perfon ; in order to wiiich, fays the Lord Clarendon, it was ahfdutely neceffary to carry the Fleet fir fi: to Holland : p 1 thought it had been abfoluteiy neceflary to carry *^* the Fleet to the North of England, or Scotland, in order to his Heading the Scots. Whitlocke gives us another Reafon for Sailing fo faft away to Ho l- i^ind^ p. 328. The Prince had a Defign to go to the Scots Army^ but the Sailors would not ht him : And R 3 after- 24<^ REMARKS on the t |4 I '\ t r\ ! P.i^7» afterwards hearing of the Defeat of the Scots ^rwy, Z,^ ^W^ /;/^ Courfe. The Lord Clarendon : Sotk Fleet mm to Sea, and continued their Courfe for Hol- land ; nor did the Prince hear fo much as a Ru- mour of the Rout of the Scots, till a Day after he cametothe H^5«^. . n-j- ; If lam not miftaken, there is a great Riduulum in giving Importance to Things that are not fo; fuch as making the Fate of Nations depend on a Skirmifh at Land, or a few Captures at Sea, and putting many lui/^ Heads together to produce Counfels that carry with them the vifible Marks of Rafhnefs Jind Impotence. I promifed my felt to have no more to do with his Lordfhip's I F's ; and probably if the War had not been revived by the Royallifts, who, I con- ceiv'd,*had had beating enough already, I ihould have been rid of them by this time : But new Encounters occafioning new Difgraces, there will be no way of carrying the Cavaliers handfomely off, but by fome more of thofe IP's. They are enter'd into England, and the Nor- thern Royallifts have join'd them ; and IF thej/ hd p. i^c continued their March to the Place where Lamkt was, it is very probable they had broken his For- ces/or he had broken theirs ; more Forces being ready to join him, had the Scots marchM that way. Inftead of which, Duke Familton fent him a Com- pliment, that he intended him no hurt, Whicl. p.Ji^- And Lambert's Anfwer fhews how much he was afraid of his marching againft him: As torn coming in an hofiile way fw.^o England, I idll op^^ you to the utmcjt, and fight you and your Army ni T^raytors ; not doubting but this Breach of Ireat) wli be revenged upon you to your utter Ruin. However, as hisLordfhip writes, Lambert march'd away '» great Diforder and Confufion, not into TorlpireJ';^ to the Edge of it. Which is very like what mtt; Hiftory of the Rebellion. Z47 kcle fays, that Lambert's Forces beat the Scots V. '^20* Scouts to their Guards. He had but 3 or 4000 Men with him ; Duke Hamilton had at leait 2 1000. And Cro^tu^^ was advancing to the Afli fiance of Lambert ; which made the latter avoid a Battle. When Cromwell and Lambert's Forces were jvrin'd, they did not make 8000 Horfe and Foot : And therefore, inftead of I F SIy M^Tm-^^uuke Lau^dale had had one thoufandFoot more, he (by.:- a have guind the day, Hift. Reb. p. i52. IF the 21000 Men that were with Duke Hamilton and him could not beat 8000; thofe Heads muft needs be very good, that advifed the fecond Scots Invafion two Years after. And, confidering how bravely the Scots Army came oft" at this time, there is no great Oc- cafion of entring with the Earl of Clarendon into the Confultations by which it was brought into England. The next glorious Bufinefs is the rallying of the routed Scots and Cavaliers, and their joining with Monroe, who was marching with more Covenan- ters to join Duke Hamilton, The Chief of the Cavaliers is Sir Thomas Tildefley, a Gentleman of a fair Eft ate, who had ferv'd the King from the heginning of the IVar -, but his Lordftiip finks his beinga Papifttoo, becaufe in that beginning we were told, there was but one Papift of any confi- lierable Command in all the King's Army. Now, IF Monroe and Tildefley hadmrfued Cromwell, a^ Cromwell purfued the Scots, &c. It is fo in the Hiftory of the Rebellion, Vol. III. Part I. p. 170. Ben fomething might have been done. But hkAYoe would not be perfuaded to fight Cromwell's Sooo Men with no more than 5000 Men ; a great part of whom had been juft beaten in an Army of above 20000 Men. He rather chofe to return to Scotland, and having before plundered the Northern Counties in his Advance, he fpar'd R 4 them 248 Pag. 1 7 5. REMARKS on the them not in his Retreat ; for which thofe ought to have the Thanks that invited the Scots into Eng- land, and that drew the Englijh into Scotland. IVhitlocke gives us a Piece of News out of the North, which has more Simplicity and Sincerity in it, than a thoufand Paflages in the moft famous Hiftories. T'he Englifli Cavaliers fivear they are bewitch'' d, and will fight no more. But the Exiles abroad, and the Delperadoes at home will not let them be unbewitched. They matter not what Blood is fquander'd ; and indeed, Men may be reduced to that miferable Condition, as to be made happy by being kill'd: but the poor guiltlefs People, who were tempted bv them to take Arms, and were continually exposed to Slaughter, fliould have met with a little more Mercy and Com- paflion from them. " The Earl of Holland thought it neceffary to ** begin his Enter prize for the Relief oiColchefter^ Nifi.ReL p. 17^. And the Parliament was fo afraid of him, that tho' they knew he was to raife another Army againft them, yet they durft not ftop him. I am fure, this at leaft is good Hiftory. " There was a great Appearance every Morning " at his Lodging, of thofe Officers who were known to have fcrv'd the King; his Com- miiTions fhew'd in many hands. No Queftion, no, not What's a-clock, being more commonly ask'd, than. When doth my Lord Holland go cut ^ The Anfwer was, Such a day, and fuch adaji; and the Hour he did take Horfe, when he was accompany'd by a hundred Horfe from his Houfe, was publickly talk'd of two or three days before." It was very eafy for a Detach- ment of Conftables to have defeated this Cavalry, if the Parliament had thought fit. Of confe- quence then, they mull either let him and his Horfemen go out of Fear, or flily wink at it, that ii. ll^^ tell us, plundered it, where their Ends were not anfwer'd. WhitL p. 3 12. The Earl was foon de- feated, and flying to St. Neots in Huntingmjhhe^ the Parliament's Forlorn routed his Party before their Body could come up ; and upon their coming up, they fled ; many of them fell in the Charge and Rout, as Colonel Dalbier, and Mr. Digby, Son to Sir Kenelm Dighy, another good Catholick too. The Earl of Holland crav'd Quarter in his Cham- ber, and had it ; with him were taken Sir GiJlert Genard, Colonel Skemifter, Major Holland^ Major Stepkin, Lieutenant-Colonel Goodwin, and a hun- dred Prifoners. The Lord Clarendon fays, " The *' Earl of Holland delivered himfelf up without *' Refiftance ; yet at the fame time, Dalbier and *' Kenelm Dighy were kill'd upon the Place ; whe- *' ther out of former Grudges, or that thev " ofter'd to defend themielves, were not known " But known it was, that the Earl of Hollands Party was charged and routed, and that DaWm and Dighy fell in the Rout or the Charge. It does not appear by the Hiftory of the Re- bellion, that thefe defperate Infurreftions, and the fpilling of fo much innocent Blocd, was any Fault at all -, or that the miferable Dcftruftioiut Cokhefter^ defcrv'd the leaft Animadverfion: there- fore, when Sir Charles Lucas and Sir George Up were (hot by Sentence of a Council of War, hiS Lordfliip calls it a Murder. But the ftarvingio many poor Creatures in the T(wn, and the Slaughter of fo many hundreds in the Town an^ about the Town, that was no Murder. Moit humane alfo was the Saying of the Earl ol /\Va''f;j to the Women who cry'd cut for Bread, Tou m:i^ eat your Children, Whirl, p. 3 2 5 . Sir Charh I«^^| too, one of the two Prifoners chat were (liot, n^;! been guilty of murdei^ng fever al of the Parliamtin^ Soldiers in cold Blood, Whirl, p. 3 2^- " Sir^a^^^'^-; a IS « Bifiory of the Rebellion. 151 '* Lucas fell dead, upon which Sir George Li/le ran " to him, embraced and kifled him, and thea flood up, and look'd thofe who were to execute him in the Face." Hifl. Reb. p.ijj. Now Whitlocke^ p. 3 29. " Sir George Lijle kifs'd his ** dead Friend, and then, after much Expoftu- " lation and Difccurfe, firft with the General's " Chaplams, and then with one of the LordMr- " mch*s Chaplains, he faid his Prayers, and was *' fhot." ^owtheHi/lory of the Rebellion ;The Man- tier of taking the Lives of thefe worthy' Men was new, and without Example, For the Cavaliers hanging up twelve Clothiers at once in Wilt/hire, was no Example, and concluded by moil Men to be very barbarous ; but there was no Barbarity at all in murdering feveral of the Parliament's Soldiers in cold Blood ; and the Aflaflination of Colonel Kainsborough^ was a noble Enterprize, which no brave Enemy would have revenged by executing the Affaffins. See H^hitl p. s^i. " Forty Horfe ** falliedout q{ Pomfret towards Doncafier, where " they kill'd the Centinel ; then three of them ^^ rode forwards, asking for Colonel il^/;2i^oro«^//s ^1 Qiiarters; coming to his Chamber, they call'd ' to him, and faid they had a Letter from Lieu- tenant-General Cmnwell. The Colonel rofe out of his Bed, and open'd his Door to them ; the three Soldiers prefently fell upon him, (hoc him into the Neck, and another fhot him into the Heart, with other Wounds, and left him dead, efcaping away without any Alarm given." This Butchery takes up a Page or two of the Hiftory, tho' it is fo fnocking, that 'twill hardly bear reading by a Chi iftian Reader. The chief AMn was one Morrice, who is call'd a Colonel. He hrft^delerccd the King's Army, then the Par- liament s ; he afterwards betray'd his Friend Uionel O/^^r^/, Govcrnour of Pomfret, who ad- mitted it C( C( (C cc ^ i Z51 1^1 ■i^ REMARKS on the mitted him fo far into his Frlendfliip, that he lay in bed with him. Morrice by this means form'd a Defign to furprize the Caftle and his Friend in it ; which being accompliflied, the next heroical Exploit was to murder a naked Gentleman, with the help of two or three of his Fellow-Murderers. But when he is going to the Gallows, it is poor Morrkc, and there is a Judgment fent after him, not for the Blood of Colonel Rainsbmugh, which cry'd out for Vengeance, but for his being once a Soldier for the Parliament. He was hang'd in the Place where he firft performed a great Service for the Rebels; Hift.Reb. p. 192, His Lordfliip isfo very intent upon excufing this Aftion, that the Matter is foften'd in the Reprefentation ; tho* with all the foftning, the Blood flicks, and the Wounds feem to bleed afrefh. " Two of them went up to his Chamber-door, awakM him with the Noife, told him in fhort, he was their Pri- foner, and muft go with them to Pomfret, or be kill-d immediately. He /aid he would •wait ufon them. So he drefs'd himfelf. One of them took his Sword, and then they led him down flairs. When Rainsboroiigh came into the Sireet, which he expeded to find full of Horfe, he be- " gan to ftruggle and cry out ; whereupon they '' immediately ran him thro' with their Swords, " and left him dead upon the Ground." Poor Morrice ^2iS one of the Gallant Party ^ as his Lord- fliip terms them, />. ipo. Ramshrough was truly a Gallant Officer, perfedly well vers'd m Mih- tary Atfairs by Sea and Land. And Oliver m- ftrudled Lambert to take full Vengeance j but I^w- hert^ when he reduced the Garrifon ol Pompn, was very civil to the Royallifls, and, the Earl lays, call'd the Murderers of Colonel Rain^hroui''^, Gallant Men, p. 192, Jottinghamftiire ; and that it was plentifully fupply d with Water. While it remained in the Hands of the Parliament's Forces, it was a fort of a good-for-nothing Place, not worth Defcription ; but now 'tis likely to be ftolenfrom them, it makes a handfome Figure in a beautiful Landskip. Thus Sincerity and Simpli- city may be as fignal in a Caflle or a Houfe, as in a Charader or Reprefentation ; and it is their defcendmg fo low, which makes it worth notice. In the Management of the laft Ifle of Wight Treaty, is feen the incorrigible Spirit of the Party, which had brought his Majefty into fuch Diftrefs by their evil Counfels, and their Obftinacy in purfuing them. Every good Englifl)man cannot but wift heartily, that there had been Men of true Wiidom and Moderation about the King to nave inclm d him to an Agreement with the Par- liament on Terms that might be for their Safety, as well as his Honour ; and notwithftandine the Inveteracy of the Royallifls, who would not be atisty d v^ith Peace without Revenge, his Ma- leity was perfuaded to Conceffions equallv cra- S/k Socd, which, had they taken Effed, would have made him and his People, his and «eir Heirs and Succeflors happy. As i ^H REMARKS on the j P- 765, •j66. As to the Propofition, that the Parliament had been neceffttated to enter into the War to be acknow- ledged by the King, the Earl fays, "tv^as monflrous, horrid and contrary to known Truth, Did not Sir Harbottle Grimfton, Speaker of that Parliament which brought in the King, declare, in the Name of that Aflcmbly, T'he Sword was drawn to brin^ Delinquents to Punifhment, and to vindicate their jufi Liberties ? If what the Speaker and the Parliament declared be true, they w^re neceffitated to enter into the War ; and the Propofition was fo far from Vol. TIT. being horrid and monftrous, that his Lordftiip ^^" ^' himfelf owns the King had done the fame thing pag. 312..^ ^.^^ ^^^^^ p^^ of Indemnity ; and it was fo rea- fonable to be done in England too, that his Majefty confented to it. The noble Hiftorian very juftiy fears, that Delinquents might be brought to Pu- nifhment, if it was proved that they neceffitated the Parliament to enter into the War ; and as he was himfelf fo much one of them as to be excepted out of the Parliament's Pardon, this Propolition mull doubtlefs be /wrici and w/o«y?^d«i- to him. It ^^^' "'^'^^ was to naturaliz,e REBELLION, and to mnb it current in the Kingdom to all Poflerity. By Re- bellion, the Earl means nothing elfe but -R#^«^^ in Cafes of Estrefne Necejjity, aiferted with a true Englifl) Spirit ac the Trial of Sacheverell by the Queen, Lords, and Commons in Parliament al- fembled ; by that pious Qiieen to whom the Hi- flory of the Rebellion is dedicated, and whole Title to the Crown was at the fame time founded upon Refiftance, there being nothing of Heredi- tary in it while the Perfon was living whom ner Father own d to be his Son. Such Refiftance is indeed naturalized, but not the Rebellion of ^^^ Forfter, &c. againft the beft of Princes, whole Care of his People's Rights has been greater than their own. Such Rebels are the proper Subject Hifiory of the Rebellion. for fuch Hiftory, if one had Rancour and Ex- preffion fufficient. The Earl fays further, they had not the lenft Shadow of Reafon for that Propo- fition. And becaufe this is fo wonderfully Sin- cere and Simple, I refer the Reader to what is in the preceding Page of that very Hiftory. 'The two Houfes and the Kingdom cannot decline this par- titular Demand^ without which they cannot believe themfehes in any Security ; Jince by the Letter of the Law, they who had adhered to the Parliament might feem guilty of raifing War againft the King, and fo erne under the Statute of 2$ Edw. III. whereas by the Conflruciioii and Equity thereof they were juftify\i^ dec. Here is not the leaft Shadow of Reafon ; and the Simplicity and Sincerity are extremely re- markable. I do expeft fomething extraordinary concern- ing the fevond Propofition relating to the Church ; the abohfmg Epifcopacy ; felling Bi/hops and Deans Lauds, taking the Lcvenant, &c. All which is bad in the high< I Degree ; but there is fomething worfc ftill to ome. The Reformation of Religion, fuppreffing Iv'ivvations in Churches, the Advancement (f Preach!, .^^ the Obfervation of the Lord's Day, a* gainfi Pluralities, Non-Rejidence, and Papifts. In- tolerable ! It is what makes this Propofition pegnam, full 15(5 REMARKS on the ufe of ; " The common Allegations, That Bifliop " and Presbyter, in the Scripture-Language, " fignifled one and the fame thing." Allegations are always the vvorfe for being Common, So Senfe and Honefty fuffer in the Adjunft, common Ho- nefty and common Senfe. If they are one and the fame thing in the Scripture, let that be ac- knowledged, and we fliall know what to think of the Argument. If they are not, let the contrary be proved, and that part of the Propofition muft be given up. I have often explained myfelf on this Subjeft, that it is not with reference to myfelf, that I repeat the Arguments ufed by the Pres- bytery. 1 am perfeftly fatisfy'd with the Hie- rarchy in the prefent Eftabliftiment, and entirely fenfible, that the great Powers, Dignities, and Riches which are annex'd to it, are as legal a Pofleflion as any Mar's Title to his Freehold. The Laws of the Land teach us this, and it is fufficient in my poor Judgment ; but the Scruples which lie on tender Confciences, and the Reafons urged by the Presbyterians are not anfwer'd m the Earl's Hiftory ; nor in the Reply to that part p ai(j of the fecond Propofition, The U\mL\tYs inveiibd againji Lords Bifiopf, their Pride and Luftre. They were always Scolding and Railing ; and lehwd themfehes -with that Rudenefs, as if they meant toU no longer fubjeH to a King no inore than to a Bipf' The Presbyterians were CcmmonwealthVMento a Man, according to this Hiftory ; and we have a notable Inftance of it in the Addrefs of the London Minifters of that Perfuafion againft the Tryal and Death of the King, Baxters LifeJ.6i among whom are Dr. Spurfiovj and Mr. W«' Another notable Inftance of their being A^/* cans, is tfieir routing the Republick afterwards, and reftorinp Monarchv, which is not to be coi^- »afe tefted ,• or if it is, will be proved with as m Bftofyofthe Rebellion. 257 ?'c h'J" Simplicity and Sincerity of his Lord- Ur.Jenkyn, bedaufe the Earl names them. Two i l^"".;^"'^ f^^'»ly cini fiercely told the Kim, That if he did not confent to the utter abclifhing Eoif- copacy, he would be damn'd. rhe Men, fenkya ^ndSprnQovrk^'d after the return of K^ Charles IL ^«J according to the Modefiy of that hue of People came to kifs his Majefy'/ Hand and cm,nud the fame Zeal in all Seditious AteZi. The Pregnancy of this Paragraph is much more Wul than that of the ParliaLnt's pJopofitTon' d one of .ts Offspring about Jenkyn and %urftL\ li,n 0*""^°"""^. "e^-e'^'to have been conceiV'd • to .he I/leof mght with the Parliament's CommifBo- Mr. G»,y TVhttlp.3^6. They are menton'd gm wKhout e,ther^^«.y?„z„orW, BaZ's X P' l'^\ ^'■- ^''"^y «^°"fi™s what is Minifters, Vol. IL for he does not fay thev were at the IJle of Wight, which he fays oiDvLZn nd g,ves this Reafon for it ; Helas JlfluTdi'n r , IfeOntroverfy of Church Government, andhisMa.V^i'u \ZT' ^°"'e^'er "^e muft allow that the King the Pr ^ Propofition. Another Proof of S ^^gP^ncy of the Earl's Paragraph is that Dn|.^. ftou'd fay the i&«, J«/^ fJl] VS h^,,*'^'"''l"g and fpeaking very much en Ca- Diffen'ters rn^?KP'f r'^'"°']? ^^^ ^"^'^^"^ and l'y"'J'fi"'^'>'fi"'o» was innocent, chearful andr- , -v Y^y acceptable and hie mrh./:.- "./**'> "«/* Calam. jb. r^vie, ana /lis ntjpofutcn -very /wcwWf.p. 4,,. S It f! \v : J i 1^^ R EM A R K S c?;^ ^k If was a nioft impudent thing of the Doflor to ofierto kifs the King's Hand, when he had no more Encouragement for it than being made one of his Majefty's Chaplains in Ordinary. Yet, as P ,.0 another Inftance of this Paragraph's Pregnancy, all the Profeffors of the reform'd Religion in Hol- land, France, Germany, Swi/ferland, Geneva, Scot^ land] &c. are upbraided with their Brazen Faces : According to the Mode fly vfthat Race of People,^ Tis fometimes a Gang, fometimes a Pack, fometimes a Herd^ and when the Humour is a little better, a Race.vf People. This Paragraph has not yet done bringing forth, Jenkyn came to kifs his Majefty's Hand. This is ftill more impudent, all his Pre- tence for it was. That he was like to have been hang d for Love's Presbyterian Plot to reftore the King ten Years before the Reftoration. He was fo Seditious, that when a Petition was drawn up for him by Dr. Arthur, to be prefented to the Par- liament to fave his Life, he could hardly be brought to fign it on account of the Titles that Aflembly affum'd to themfelves, and which he would not recognize by an Addrefs to them. I hope the Reader will allow this to be a preg- nant Paragraph. Here it is faid, the Presl>yteri am ivould be no longer fuhjecl to a King no more than to a Bijhop, and the very firft Plot for reftoring the King is by Presbyterian Miniflers, Mr. Love, Dr. Drake, Mr. Cife, &c. Nay, Mr. Jenkyn, the very Man wbp was in ail Seditious Attempts ngainft that King. ^ Match me this if you can, and yet fomething worfe is to come ftill. This lame Mr. Jenkyn was after the Reftoration thrown into Ncwzdte for being a Presbyterian, and being taken dangeroufly ill there, upon a Petition for his Re- leafe, with a Certificate from his Phyficians, no other Anfwer could be procured tiian this, Jenkya (hall be a Prifoner as long as he lives^ Cal. Bax. Volf JHiftory of the Ke bzlliOn. i^g \^^' P* & ^''w'^'^^ ^^^ ^^- ^'^'^''' ''^'^^ ^^^s one ot the firft Men that were condemned to die for contriving the King's R?ftoracion. ^^ *' The King preft them with thofeTexts of Scrip- Pag, 216. ^^turc which have been conftantly urged by thofe J who maintain the^^i divinum of Bifhops, the Au- ^^tiioricyof the Fathers, and the Government of ^ all Chriftian Churches for i5ooYears by conftant and uniform Praftice, &c:' All which is very fair. There is not a Presbyterian in the World who de-' nies Epifcopacy as it was pradis'd in the Primitive Chnftian Church ; and theSophiftry of the Ar- gument lies in fuppofing that after the Empire be- came Chriftian, and the Emperors heap'd Ho- nours, Riches, and Powers. on the Prelates, nay after the Prelates had ufurp'd Sovereignties and temporal Dominion and Authority, yet ftill the Epifcopacy was the very fame, as when the Holy Apoftles, and their Holy Succeffors exercis'd their Divine Funftion in Purity and Poverty. The Go- vernment of the Church could not but be by themfelves achiowlcdgd to have been by Bijhop s ; fuch as the Bilhops of Rome, Toledo, Munfler, &c. Thefe Gentlemen will not fpeak out : The Parliament's Commiflioners expkin'd the Proportion, Whitl. Ms I. It is not the Apofiolical Biihop which the Bill deftres his Majefty to ; emove, but that Epifcopacy •which was formerly eftablifl^'d by Law, grown up to a Ijeight of cutward Pomp and Greatnefs, and found h Experience to be a Grievance to the SubJeS, a Hindrance to Piety, an Incroachment upon the Power i the Civil Magiflrate, and fo a Burthen to the Per^ Jons, Pnrfes and Confiiences of Men. There is not one Word of Anfwer to all this ; but inftead of It, a perpetual Suppolition that there was no difference between St. Paul's Epifcopacy at Rome Va ^^^^ ^^^^^^ ^^^^ ^^'^'^* ^^' ^^"^'^ Epifcopacy m no outward Pomp, was no Grievance ro the S 2 Sub- \l ■' - I %6o ' REMARK Sow the Subj'eft, no Hindrance to Piety, no Incroachm-nt on the Power of the Civil Mai^iflrate, no Burthen to the Perfons, Pnrfes, and Confciences of Chri- ftians. But Archbifliop Laud's Epifcopacy in the High-Commiflion-Court, Scar-Chamber, at the Council-Board, Treafury-Board, &c, had thofe amiable Qualities, which the Parliament not be- ing fo much in love with as the Hiftorian, they were willing to abolifli it. I never turn over this Part of the Hiftory of England^ but I am extremely affefted with the King's Conduft in it. His gracious Conceflions, and the Hopes that were given by them for a kftinj; Peace, and an end of all our Divifions. My Wifties go with every Article of thofe Con- ceflions, beyond which, it was not confiftent with the King's Honour, cr the Peoples Good, for him to comply. It was well known the Army were contriving how to fruftrate all Endeavours for a happy Conclufion of the Treaty, that they were marching to a Rendezvous from all Parts, and when they were got together, would certainly undo all that had been done at the Ifle offVtght, and proceed capitally againft the Perfon of the King. Was not this enough to foften the moft obdurate Minds, and make them facrifice their own Safety, and their own paltry Intereft, to the fecurity of his Ma/efty's Crown and Life ? No, the Debate about Epifcopacy was continued fo long, that the Army had time to concert their dreadiul Meafures, and publifli a Declaration which diflblv'd the Treaty at once, and the Con- ftitution foon after. They folio w/d. their Decl - ration with 20000 Horfe and Foot ; after whicii it was eafily forefeen what would come of the inflexible Counfels of fuch as hinder 'd his Ma- jefty from giving a quicker Anfwer to the Propo- lition about the Church. IV/jitlocke fpeaks of it s. ' thu5i <; Hij^ory of the Rebellion. i6i «^"V " .M°"^*=°"''* "°t be obtain'd of his Ma- P^S- 355- ^, jefty tho moft earneftly begg'd of him by fome ,: oi tlie Commiffioners, Great Perfons, with « , d'' ^ r •*'" ^'^^'^^n^" J particularly as to u the Propofinon touching Religion, wherein the and chiefly the Revenues of the Clercv, fwav^ •""' ".\\^''\ King's Chaplains, ^a'nd they more with h,s Majefty (continually whifpering matter of Confcience to him) than the Parlia- ment, and all their Commifnoneis could prevail for an Agreement, though poffibly his own I Judgment might not be fo flilly convinced^ his eager Dmnes » 'Tis Matter of eterna? Lamentation that they Ihould have been fo ea^er about their Revenues, when no kfs than the King s L^e as well as Crown lay at ftake, as long as the Army had Time to rendezvous : and the Terror the excepted Delinquents were in of Namnal Juftue furnifli'd them with Vehemence enough m their Arguments againft the deli verina them up, whereas it was a very idle Imagination that any good would come of the War If Qf fenders were not punifli'd, and the Guilty made Examples, the People would have been after the W ar where they were before, and evil Counfel- lors have been more encourag'd than ever to con- tinue their evil Counfel ; for if they could not then be brought to Puni/hment after the Expence of fo-much Blood and Treafure. after thofe that demanded Juftice againft them, had it in their Power to give the Law to fuch as had broken it What Hopes that Delinquents would hereafter be under any Controul, and not be ftill having re- courfe to Arbitrary Power for their Protedion ? Had Hecatombs of fuch Lives been made the Price of fo precious a Life as their Royal Matter's « had been but a poor Sacrifice ; but thefe Loyal| Sj Gc* z6z REMARKS on the Generous Gentlemeft were fo far from giving up themfelves, that they would hardly give up a Place, or a Benefice, to fave their Sovereign. In the Debate about Church-Government, the Earl intimates, that his Majefty put all the Pref- byterian Minifters to filence by the fingle Force of his own Arguments ; in which, however, he was afllfted by Dr. Duppa, Dr. Juxon, Dr. Hench- man, Dr. Hold/worth, Dr. Turaer, who probably could not give him io good Afliftance as the other two. Dr. Sanderfon and Dr. Morhy. His Majefty had 'other Divines to help him, and the Commif- fioners only three or four Parfons of the Presby- tery, who, all put together, did not know fo much as the King. Hifl.Reb. All this while the Army were preparing tor the Tragedy, which they foon afted ; and every one faw^iain enough what they drove at, which had been prevented by the King's doling immediately with 'the Parliament, who would have been glad to have joined Forces with him to fupport that Treaty, their own Prefervation depending upon it as much as the King's. One of the firft direft and open Attempts a- gainft his Majefty's Perfon, was n Petition from Co\. Ingoldshys Regiment, for "Ju ft he agahift the Principal In-jaders of' their Liberties, namely the Kin^. It is miraculous that fuch a Petition fhould come from a Rej^iment, whofe Colonel, fays the Eirl, Vol. TIT. always abbor/dthe A^ion. It muft be own'd, that Part II. the Oppofition of his Lordfhip's Hiftory to others, P' '^5- ^nd to the Fad, very often is equally dircft and furnrizing. And nothing more fothan this ; /mj almoft evident t)jat the major part cf both Houfes of Parliament ivas, at that Time, fo far from dejiring the execution of thofe Conccffions, that tf they had been able to have vejifted the wild Fury of the Army, thej -jjculd hai-e been themfelves Suitors to have declined the great if Hiliory of the Rebellion. greateft Part of them-, for which there is not the leaft Shadow of Reafon ; and one may defy all Wri- ters or Readers of Hiftory, to give a fingle In- ftance of any fuch Difpofition in the Majority of the Parliament. On the contrary, the Commif- lioners at the IJle of Wight fell on their Knees and wept, to move the King's Compaffion to himfelf and the Kingdom, praying him to yield ftili more to the Defiresofthe Parliamentj /^/;/V/. p. 335. It will not be pretended that thefe Commiffioners, Sir Henry Vane excepted, were not the moft defi- rous of Peace of any Members in either Houfe of Parliament, moft 01 them being fecludcd a few days afcer for that only Reafon ; and they were fo far from being Suitors to the King to grant lefs, that, as we have faid, withTears and Kneel- ing, they begg'd him to grant more. The Clofe of the King^s Letter to the Prince, which his Lordfhip would have preferved in Let- ters of Gold, has fome Prints rather of an Eccle- liaftical than a Civil Hand. The Church had been fpoken of in the Beginning, and in the End is a Prayer which could not have been more Or- thodox, had it been drawn up by all the Doftors about his Majefty. ''We pray the ancient Glory " and Renown of the Nation be not buried in Ir- *' religion and Phanatick Humour j and that all *' our Subjects, to whom we are a publick Parent, *' may have fuch fober Thoughts, as to feek their " Peace in the Orthodox Profedion of the Chriftian " Relirion, as was eftablift/d fince the Rt forma- tion in this Kingdom, and nc^ in new Revela- *' tions." The Government of the Church by Pref- byters, fuch as Timothy and Titus, who were alto termed Biihops, was a new Revelation. Let any one in fobriety judge of this, and whether it oughc to be preferv'd in Types of Gold. Irreligion, Pha- natiik Humour, new Revelations, (Iiew very plainly S 4 what 16^ ii 2^4 REMARKS on the what Mint this Epiftle was coined in. There ne-. ver was a Presbyterian who pretended to new Revelations for Church-Government ; the good old Revelation in the New Teftament fatisfied them j and indeed, they needed no other : But to behold one Prelate mounted on a flately Courfer, with a Treafureiis Staff in his hand, and another exercifing Tyranny in High-Commifllon and Start Chamber, or any the like Courts, was fo new a Revelation, that Titus, or Timothy, or any Biihop in the old Way, would have as foon taken them for Emperors, as Bifhops. Oshorns Information againft Rolph, for a Defign to murther the King, is introduc'd with an Ac- count of the Birth of Oshorn ; he was by Extra^ion a Gentleman, tho' recommended to Col. Hammond by the Lord Wharton. Captain Rolph was a Fel- low of a low ExtraEiion, and of njery ordinary Parts tho' he outwitted Osborn, And when the latter- had prepared every thing for the King's Efcape, in concert with Rolph, who was to have murder 'd him when he was in their hands, the Gentleman by Extraction did not let the Fellow of ordinary Parts know that he intended the Kingihould m:4ke his Efcape, and Rolph not have it in his power to kill him ; which the Man of Low Extradion find- ing out, dlfcover'd the Plot to Hammond, who fou.Dd the Bar of the King's Window cut in two. VAhere- iipon Osb^n accufes Rolph of a Defign to kill tlie 234. King. The Houfe of Commons, fays the Earl, haa.m mind to have the Matter examind farther, but the Clamour cf the People was fo great, that after many Delays, they voted. That it fhould be tried at the' GtncralAiTiZCsatlVinchefier ; and thither they fent their weU^trfd Serjeant Wild, to be the file Judge of that Circuit, before whom the major part of the fame Jury, who found Capt. Burley guilty^ was impannelfd for th^ Tryal of Rolph. This Paragraph is almoft as niftory of the Re B^LL vo n. 26s as pregnant as the laft. The Parliament was (omuL p. tar trom endeavouring to fink the Matter that 5 1 5- they ordered the Evidence Osbcrn had given a- gamfl Rolph, to be immediately printed ; and Col. Hammond wrote to the Parliament, defirine that Osborn s Charge againft Mr. Ro^ph may come to a Ipeedy Heanng, it reflefted fo highly upon the Army, and upon him, and being an horrid Scan^ L '.^i^^^^^ he clears himfelf, Mr, Rolph, ^r^d all r 1 r r^^' .^"^^ ^"^^^^ ^f clearing them, the Larl ot Clarendon lays the Charge home againft not only Rolph, but the Houfe of Commons, who were fenfible of the Plot, but would have fcreen'd the Plotter, and have prevented his being brought to a Trial, had it not been for the Clamour of the People; who really made no Clamour at aU, nor beheved a Word of the Charge given bv Osborn a- gainft Rolph, who was committed by thelords with^ out any Caufe, as the Commons faid, and that they found Reafon to clear him. Whitl. p. 3 25. They al- fo ordered him one Hundred and Fifty Pounds for his mjuft Imprifonment, p. ^30. And the fame' impartial Autl^r, p. 315, writes thus : " The ^^ King declared to divers of his Party, and wilh'd ^^ them to declare it to others,that the Governour, ^^ Col. Hammond, w^s a Manof Honour and Truft,' ^^ and had carried himfelf civilly and refpeftfully to ^^ his Majefty j That Osborn had unjuftly and un- gratefully afpers'd the Governour, /ir Col. Ham- mond was charged by Osborn as well as Rolph. And as touching the Prefervation of his Perfon from Poifon, or anyfuch horrid Deftgn, the King faid he was jo confident of the Honefty and Paithfulnefs of the Go- 'vernour, that he thought himfelf as fafe in his Hands ^ as if he were in the cufiody of his own Son. However' the Earl fays, Osborn made all good upon Oath' and the Parliament fent down their Judge Wild pn purpcfe to clear Rolph, as he had been em- ployed m 166 REMARKS on the ployed to hang Burley, and by the inery fame yury^ Bfi.Rfih. p. 234. Which is fo very likely, that ^it is pity there had not been fomething in Ofl;orn's Plot, to fee what Wild would have made of it. The truth is, the Grand Jury returned the Bill /^ko- ramus, and fo it never came to a Petty Jury, tho' his Lordfliip remembers the Speech the Judge made to them. I confefs what follows of the Hiftory, to the Death of the King, is full of Horror, and the Earl's Mind could not but be agitated with con- vulfive Sorrow when he was writing it, by confi- ilering whofe Counfels brought his Majefty into that moft extreme Diftrefs, and whofe Counfels hindcr'd his delivering himfelf out of it by a fpeedy Peace with the Parliament. The Speech that was "made in oppofition to Sir Henry Vane's, Hi^. Reb. p. 236. has a very great Oddity in it. The Speaker, to refleft on Sir Henry, faid. He loas no Gainer by the Troubles. Now every body knows that Sir Henry Vane was the moft difinterefted OfEcer who ever ferv'd the Publick, and when he was Tr|pfurer of the Navy, ordered half the Profits of the Place to be apply 'd to the Publick Service, amounting to two Thoufand Pounds yearly ; and at laft, reduced the Expence of that Office to a Thoufand Pounds Vol TIL ^ ^^^^- ^P^^ which, Ludlow fays. Men being p. III. ' brought by this jneans to tin derfl and that they v:eYsmt placed in Emfkjments to ferve themfehes, but to ferve the Ccjimonweahh. But the Speech- maker in his LordOiip's Hiftory goes on upbraiding Sir Henp fag. £5^.^'^^^^ and his Friends; They by the War had gain d large Revenues, and great Sums of Money, and much Wealth, The Difrerence between this Hiftory and others, is not in a few Circumftances, to which ail Reiations are liable, but dirediythe leverfe to other Hiftories ^ which cannot be acci- dentally, Hiftory of the Rebellion. K^y dentally, but muft be voluntarily, and its Merit therefore the more worthy Confidcration. There was a pleafant Motion in the Honfe bv {omt fturdy Members, Hift. Reb. p. 297. That the Army might he declared Traytors. Of which there is not one Syllabic in ^to/oc^^ . but he owns that the Parliament voted his Majeft/s Conceffions to the Propojttions of the Two Houfes upon the Treaty are fufficient Grounds for fettling the Peace of the Kingdom. This was done on the 5:th of December 1^48, and the Army was fo provok'd at it, that the 'very next day Colonel Pride feized feveral Members of the Houfe of Commons, and garbled it to the Pleafiire of the Army. A great Number of Members of the Lower Houfe being illegally fe- cluded by the Force of the Soldiers, thofe that re- mained were not a legal Affembly, and all their Ads fo many Nullities. Thus the Tryal and Death of the King is not to be laid to the Charge of the Parliament, who began the defenfive War ; but to the Army, who turnd it into an offenfive one. The Parhament paft that goo(|^ote when they had not Power to maintain it, and what they did afterwards was wholly under the Influence of the Officers of the Army. As bad as this Bufinefs was, the Earl of Clarendon makes it ftill worfe. There were near one Hundred Members of Parliament flopped from i^oing into the Houfe, IVhitl. The Members of the Houfe v/ho werePag.25S. leized upon, were Thirty-Nine in Number, P. ^^k. ihere were above Ninety Perfons who were ex- cluded for being in Confederacy with the Scots, and for oppofing the Votes againft them when tnev mvaded the Kingdom. The Houfe committed Major General BrowneV^g. 354. '\xrJ'^'\ ^^''''^^' ^'' '"^' ^^''^ ^^'''^ff ^f London. What a flrange Exception that is ! They committed Dr. * im 1 i z68 RE MARKS onthe Dr. Laud to Prifon, tho' he was Archbifliop of Canterbury ; nay, Charles the Firft was at that very Time in Prifon, *tho* he was King of England, 'Twas not pretended that they governed them- felves by the known Laws of the Land. That Aflembly had iifurpM the Supreme Power, ard a Sherift of London was no more to them than a Conftable, if he was under their Difpleafure. P "Ad. " When this Impeachment againfi the King °' ^^^ ** was brought up to the Peers, it was rejeBed with feme IVarjnth^ and they adjourn'd for a Week/' The Impeachment was not fent up at all, but this Declaratory Vote waSy 'That by the Fundamental Laws of this Realm^ it is Treafon for the King of England to levy War againfi the Parlia- ment, The Lords agreed that they would fend an Anfwer by Meflcngers of their own, and ad- journed for ten Days; IVhitl. p. ^61. '" When the Lords came, they found their Doors all lock'd, and faften'd with Padlocks, that there fhould be no more entrance for them ; nor did any of them ever fit in that Houfe as Peers." (C <( cc Pag. 549- I Thefe Gentlemen did really notJ^now what was doing, and confequently their Hiftories cannot agree with the true ones. Whirl, p. 362. Ahut ten of the Lords fate and paffed fever al Ordinances j the Earl aflures us, they never did fit ; wbii^h were fent down to the Comtnons^ ivho laid them ajide. And inftead of the Locks and Padlocks before- mention'd. The Lords had Debates upon their laji Votes y about the Tryal of the Kingy and that fonte- thing fhould be publijh*dy to fatisfy upon what Grounis they rejeBed the Commiffionfor Tryal of the Kingy bvi they refolved nothing : I fuppofe, on account of this Padlocks and Locks, which muft doubtlefs put a l^op to all their Refolucions ; tho^ fome days after this, we find them within Doors again : Tl^e LorJi Hiflory oftheKE b e lli ok. 169 Lords fent down an Ordinance which they had pafi^hithckey to the Houfe of Commons for their Concurrence. P* 5<^4« We are told very formally, that there' were three different Opinions among the Officers as to the difpofal of the King ; fome were for depofing him only, fome for poifoning him, and fome for trymg and beheading him. But who thefe fome were, we are not told, efpecially thofe that were • for poifonmg; and it is well we are not, for one may fear that the Charafters of thePerfons would confound the Hiftory : There being very few Poifoners among the Godly, as his Lordfhip merrily terms them. ^ ,, " The Preachers foolilhly urged the Obligation ^^ of the Covenant for the Security of the King's !< ^5^^2"' ^"^ preached furioufly againfi trying " him/' The Presbyterian Miniflers were alt Fools,, as one may perceive by the Names of thofe that fubfcribed a Proteflation againft the King's Trpl and Death : as. Dr. SpurfioWy Dr. IValliSy Dr. Mantony and about „ , 60 more ; who fay, ^^ We are wholly unfatisfy'd with the Proceedings ^^ fince the Exclufion and Imprifonment of the ^^ Members of the Houfe of Commons, and hold ^^ ourfelves bound in Duty to God, Religion, the I Ki"g> Parliament, and Kingdom, to profefs ^^ before God, Angels, and Men, that we verily ^^ believe the taking away the Life of the King in ^^ the way of Trial now depending, is not only ^^ not agreeable to the Word of God, the Prin- ^^ ciples of the Proteflant Religion, never yet ^^ flain'd with the leafl Drop of the Blood of a « ^?"^' ^^ ^^^ Fundamental Conflitution of the ^^ Kingdom, but contrary to them ,• as alfo to - the Oath of Allegiance, the Proteftation of " May Dr. Gougey Dr. Stanton^ Dr. Temphy Dr. Seamany 'M Hi irjo ! REMARKS o«^i5^abeth, dec. In J^iMy of the Rebellion, zyi ^ In the Tryal of the Lord Capel, we are toob- ferve, that the Evidence of General FairfaxZls GenT.! K '" ^-^'.T^f/ ^ercy , and that the General bemg indifpos'd, he was fent to, and dijjuadedfrom owning his Declaration at the Ren- dition of^C. ./..y?... One Circumfence in t lis Matter fnoils all the reft, for General Fi.:^ was not fent to, nor diffuaded, but was adually ^ufZ r" '^.V^'T' ^'''^' ^;.575. and declared! that the Lord Capelwas to be free from any military Execumn, but not from the judicial Proceedings of a OW Cot^rt: And the very Words of the Articles fJ^rc " ^'\^^^' the Lords, General Of-m.//. hcers, Captams, &c. l^e rendered up to Mercy which P' 3^5. was underlbod to be at Difcretion, and then they were under the Jurifdidion of the Parliament. One may conceive an Idea of the Piety of the Royahfts, by the Behaviour of Sir Jolm Owen when he was condemned to be beheaded. He made a low Reverence, andfwore a great Oath, Hom Ref, ll^h'^ he ftould be hangM. ' Their Fi^endJ^J;f,t bnb d feveral of the Members of Parliament for their Fardon ; which is every whit as likely as that they were afraid to execute Duke Hamilton, Imce the Scots could not but refent it ; and reallv they were no more afraid of the Scots than rhev were of the Hiftorian. Ireion's Hatred was /./- mmal. He fpoke of the Lord Capd, and again/1 him, v.^ ,,, as of a Man of whom he was heartih afmi i The Romidheads were as much in fear of a Man with his Hands ty d behind him, as if he hnd had a Blundcrbufs upon his Shoulder. 'Tis furprifing that this Air (hould be preibrved amidft the molt inconcejvaDle Calamity and Dejection. The unmerciful Parliament fat i ate d themfehes with ^Jood; and then comes the Execution of Diike Hamilton, and the Earl of Holland, whofe Exits are not with £0 good a Grace in the Hiftory, as the m p. 272. p. $40. cc cc REMARKS on the the LordCapeirs; '' He vvalk'd with a very ferene " Countenance, accompany'd with his Friend *' Dr. Morhy." Whitlccke {ays, He had no Minifier with hint^ nor fhew'd any fenfe of Death approaching. Dr. Morley was ftopM when he came to the Scaf- fold, as the Earl fays, on account of his not being a Minifter fuited to the Times; The fine Cha- rafter of this Lord's Virtues and Merit ought to be remember'd, when his Son was in the next Reign murder'd in the Tower. A Defcription of the Year 164S, *' A Year of Reproach and Infamy above all Year?, a Year of the higheft DifTimulation and Hypocrify that any Nation was ever curfed with. A Year which ought to be razed out of all Re- " cords, left Atheifm, Infidelitv, and Rebelliorl " again fhould propagate, &c' But among all the inexpreffible Calamities of this Year, one more fhould have been added, that the Hiftory might be the moft Simple and Sincere which ever was writ- ten, according to the Declaration of the judicious Dr. Felton^ who certainly knows as much of Hi- flory, as he does of Poetry and Criticifm, The In- cident I mean, is the Marquifs of Ormondes glori- ous Aft ions in Ireland \ where, by the Defeftion of the Lord Inchiqueen^ and League with the Irijh Rebels, he had (hut up the Englijh Proteftants al- moft within the Walls of Dublin, IVhitlocke tells us, that this Junftion with the Iri{h Papifts was a Defign hatch'd in England by the Fomenters of the lecond War -y and it was given forth to be by Commiffion from the King, and there is great reafon to fufpeft it. However, the Lord Ormcnd, by Proclamation, commanded Obedience to the Agreement he had made with the Popifh Rebels; and he wrote to tbe brave Colonel Jones, Gover- nour oi Dublin, to agree to it, promifing great Rewards if he would join with him, and leave the Pre- Hiftory of the Rebellion- zyj Pretended Parliament of England. The Coloners Anfwer is worth all the Rodomontade in the Hiitory of the Rebellion, I under ft and not how your Lordjhip came by your Power, The Parliament of Eng- land would never have confented to fuch a Peace % you have made with the RE BEL S, without am Provtfionjor the Proteflant Religion, I know not how that can be eftablijioed by an Amy of Papifts, to whofe Hands your Lord/hip has given up the whole Kingdom. I had rather fuffer in my Truft, than to pur chafe to myjef the Ignominy of Perfidy by any Advantage of- ferd to me. Spoken like a good Englift>-Man and a good Proteflant. And among the Miferies of this miferable Year, fhould not the Earl have re- member d, That the Proteftants of Ireland had been betray d and abandon^ to the Rage of their Enemies, who had lately maifacred 200000 of chem in cold Blood ; and that thofe who betray^ and abandon d them, are the moft Heroical of his Heroes. This would have been fomewhat like bimpl^ity and Sincerity. Some Articles of the LordOrmonds Treaty with thofe Rebels were, Ihat the Papifts have free Exercife of Religion, to enjoy Church^ Livings and JurifdiSlion, The Papifts to have a Parliament. AH Laws and Indiaments againft them to be vacated. To be chofen Members of Parliament, To have all Honours, Tmfts, and Employments To appoint Juftices of the Peace. To be Commijftoners of Oyer and Terminer, and de- cide Caufes, I0 have an ASl of Oblivion. AH Incapacities of Natives to be taken away To have their Eftates reftord to them. To have no Differences try'd in England. AllGovernours of Forts to ie^by Approbation ofPo^ pilh Commiffioners. And w Z74 N REMARKS o»fk And thirty more fuch Articles equally to the Ad- vantage of the Englifl) and Proteftant Intereft in Ireland, and to the Honour of the Maker, the Marquifs of Omond . - ^. i. r^i Nothing can excufe the meddling with the Cha- raaer of King Charles the Firft, but the Flattery which gilds it in the Earl of Clarendons Hiftory. That unfortunate Prince had been fo barbaroudy ufed by the Army, that it were Cruelty to per- fecute his Memory after his Perfon had been fo perfecuted : but his Lordfliip's dwelling fo much upon thofe Qualities which are not to be found in other Hiftories, provokes one to tell what we do Lord Clar. He kept State to the full, which made his Court 'very orderly y no Man prefuming to be feen in a Place -where he had no pretence to be, Mr. Coke. " He was unaffable in his Conver- " fation and Approaches to him very difficult j « and thofe with fuch ftrain'd Submi{rions,as were " never required by any of his Predeceflbrs." Lord Clar. He was a patient Hearer of Caufes, which he frequently accuftom d himfelf to at the Council- Board and judged njery well, and was dextrous in the mediating Part ; fo that he often put an end to Caufei bv perfuafton, . i . Mr. Coke. " As his Adions were without *' Counfel, fudden and inconfiderate, fo were his Refolutions as variable and uncertain ; fo that oftentimes he would change them the fame Day. And as his Aftious were without Coun- fel, fo his Defigns were without Secrecy ; which blafted them as well at home as abroad. Lord Clar. He was very punElual atid regular tn his Devotions. He was never known to enter upon hi Recreations and Sports, tho never fo early tn m Morning, before he had been at publick Prayers. '^W^ and dejperate^ as really it was ; nor was there one ftep taken by all the wife Council about his Majefty, with the leaft Prcfped of Succefs, from the Death of the Father, to the Reftora- tion of the Son, but what had entire Dependance on the.Divifions between the Parties in England under the feveral Denominations. However, the Earl of Clarendon maintains the Part of an Ambaffador, and gives all the King's Counfellors the Airs of Minifters of State, conducing of Nations. Prince Rupert having made hafte from Ireland with a Squadron of Ships, to avoid falling into Admiral Blake's hands ; the Kingdom of Spain is thrown into a Pannick, and the Ambafladors arc pro- mised every thing but what they came for. A Pag. ''-S. ^^^^^ ^f ^^^^ -^"^^ ^f England, tinder the Command (f a Prince of the Bloody made a great Confiernativn among the People^ and the Court received the News of it with Diforder, 'The Ambaffadors found they liv'd in another Air, and receivd every day Vijtts. So it is thro' the Hiftory. If the Winter Sun Ihines but a Minute, thefe Gentlemen bask in it as in the midft of Summer ; for his Lordfliip adds, 'fhefe benign Stars were very fhorty a ftronger Fleet fet cut by the Parliament of England, appear d on the Coafly and Prince Rupert ran into the River of Usbony and the Englifh Admiral fent a Letter to the Court of Spain^ requiring, ** That none of " thofe Ships under the Command of Prince Ru- ^ pert^ which were in Rebellion againft the Par- ** liament of England, might be received in any " of the Ports of Spain : That as the Common- " wealth of England was willing to live in Amity f * and H Mflory of the Kksellion. 185 '■ ^ cc €C U and good Intelligence with his Catholick Ma- jefty, fo they knew very well how to do them- felves Right for any Injury and Difcourtefy which they fhould fuftain." This the Earl of Clarendon calls Infolence, and every body elfe will call a brave Engltjh Spirit. HisLordihip does no where inti!:?ate, that himfelf, who was profcrib'd by the Parliament, and his Brother Ambaflador, be- irtg harboured in that Court, warranted 'that fharpnefs of Stile, and no doubt made their Company at Madrid very difagrceable. After this Letter, he owns the Ambafladors could get nothing done ; bur the King of Spain fent the EngliJ/:) Admiral a Ring worth 1500/. '■The taking of Drogheda by Storm, and putting the Irifh to the Sword, has given occafion to much Vehemence againft the Cruelty of Cromwell, as if it had not been ufual in all Wars to put Garrifons to the Sword thnt are reduced by Storming. The Lord Clarendon tells us, the Enemy entered the Works without Reftjlance, p. 541. They made a flout Rejiftance, Whitl. p. 412. u4nd put every Man, Governor, Officer, and Soldier to the Sword; and the whole Army being enter d the Town, they executed all manner of Cruelty, and put Man, Woman, and Child to the Sword, Hift. Reb. p. 341. Now WhitL p. 412. One Hundred and Forty Soldiers got into a Tower, and being fummond, would not yield, hut killed and wounded fome of our Men ; and when they fubmit- ted, their Officers were knock'd on the head, every tenth Man of the Soldiers kiU'd, and the reft were {hifdfor the Barbadces. The Earl aflures us, not a Man of them was fav'd ; nay, not a Woman or Child. What follows, has great Evidence of Truth in it. The Queen did not prefer the Order and Decency of the Church of England, before the Sordidnefs of the ritrk of Scotland ,• but thought the eftablilhing of Pref-^ 284 REMARKS on the U{li*Reh. Preslyterianifm would advance Popery , p. 344, The Earl here calls the Church of Scotland a filthy Church, and all the ReformM Churches in Chriftendom, are, in his Acceptation, nafty Churches, fluttifh Churches, and whatever elfe vs meant by fordid ; which can, in comm*on Ser'fe, be no more apply^d to Praying and Preac'u^.?^, than to Swimming or Flying, unlefs by O^u^ch, which is very probable, his Lordfhip means the Pews and Walls^ the Flooring and deling ; and I have of that fordid kind feen a Coiuitry Church in a worfe pickle than ever was Kirk of Scotland, If Religion was indeed what thefe Gentlemen make it. White Vellmencs, M^ax Candles^ Gilt Chalices^ Diamond Croffes^ Sec, the way to Heaven would be a little dearer, but much more eafy ; which, 1 doubt i>ot, is the chief Motive to their Zeal for them. There cannot be more Order in Divine Service, than pious Prayers, devout Sing- ing of Pfalms, inftruftive Leffons on Texts of Scripture, and ferious and ufeful Preaching. This is the Order of Presbyterian Worfhip, and where- in confifts the Sordidnefs of it,, remains yet to be prov'd. If the Mind has any thing to do with Religion, which thefe Gentlemen do not much infift upon, and according to their Scheme is not fo very ne- ceflary, their Order and Decency is nothing but Sincerity and Purity; and whatever does not tend to them, is vain and ufelefs. I am fenfible that this is writing in an unknown Language to the Admirers of his Lordlhip's Hiftory, but it will be very in- telligible to all true Proteftants. The Ambaffadors in Spain had fome Bufinefs upon the King's going into Scotland ; and that was, to let the King of Spain know that their Mailer was gone to Scotland^ whfch was done in a Memo--' rial containing thefe notorious Truths j *^ That t' the (C cc €C it t( »k C( €C (C "''' t'^' obdurate perjured trm^orou^ and profane Peijin, who ref^fe] to hearken to the Voice rf the Kirk "'C/^V" th'^'T "^V" '^y^ P"""'"'---^ «/ Montrofe, whom they thought fit to fave, me Colonel Whitford ; who ^hen he -o^as brought to die, faid, he knew the Reafon ^hy he was put to death By the next Words we • have a Conception of the Earl's Opinion of the Muraerof the Parliament's Minifte? in mW ' o^;>eca,fe^ he had kilfd DoriOaus .u ,/.. Hague" O .;v for being an Aaaffin, that was all. ul is' C l-^ ?°c /'"^ ^°'' ''^^ S"^'^ ^Vork ; and the '-wicil. ol Scotland, to avoid the Reproach of if ha :■'&- •1 ■iU -. i88 REMARKS onthe hanging a Murderer, preferved the Gentleman' If they had preferv'd him for the Merit of the Butchery, it ought to hav(i been rememberM to their eternal Infamy. But Whhlocke, p. 444. af- fures us, he was executed, 'Bfi, Reb. The Marquifs oi Argyle wanted nothing hut Hq^ P'S57- nefty and CouragG to have heen a very extraordinary Man. Such things fpeakthemfelves. As does what follows: '' The Clofe- Committee zt JVeftminfler " fent fecret Inftrudions to Monk to treat with ** Owen Neile'' Which carries alfo its own Evi- dence with it. 'Tis very likely a Committee of Parliament fhould inftruft him to do what the Parhament voted againft in fuch ftrong Terms : 'fhat they did dif approve of what Major-GeneralMonk had done, in concluding a Peace with the Grand and. Bloody Irifh Rebel, Ovvren Roe O Neile, and did ab- hor the having any thing to do with him therein^ Wlntl p. 403. He adds, '' All Monk's Excufes " would not ferve, but it ftuck with many to his " Prejudice, who both fufpedled Monk's Fidelity, " and (harply inveigh'd againft any Peace with " the bloody and execrable Irijh Rebels." Indeed, it bchov'd the Parliament to clear themfelves of the Guilt of fuch a bafe Compliance with that deteftable Race; othcrwife it would have juftify'd the Marquifs oiOrmond's entring into Amity and League with them, which the Parliament very juftly declar'd they abhor* d. The Account of Cromweirs courting that Lord to be friends with him, and his being afraid of w him and vaft Bodies of IriJh, after he had made his Name terrible to that cruel People by many Routs, is as probable as other PaQages. It is well known, that Compofiticns for Delin- quents were generally three or four Years Pur- chafe ; and it is as well known, that the defperate Condition of the Cavaliers put them upon frequent At- Hiftor)ofthe Rebellion. 189 Attempts to difturb the publick Peace ; which Is thus fairly reprefented M,ny were forced to fell half f., ,,, the,r Eflate^ to compound for the refl, -which Remainder ^' '^^' viasJMll,ahletois.^atever Impofttiom they at anytime thought fit to tnfliSi upon them. In plain EnglithUh^y were liable to pay Taxes; as their Perfins were I Impnfonment, when any unreafonable and groundlefs Report was raifed of fime Plot. We are furnift'd with Plots enough when the Hiftorian was Prime Minifter after the Reftoration. Mr. Locke calls thtm Sham-Plots ; hnt the Plotters were not pu- niflied with Impnfonment, they were hang'd out , ^^^ r%' fi !l? ^^" ™°»'= ^»fy in that Work ^ than the Earl of C/arfWoM. ' M u CHAP. t ^ Z90 KEMARKS on the ^n\i^v CHAP. VL Remarks on the Hifiory of the Re- EBLLiON. Vol III. Part 11. ING Charles II. being arrived in Scot- land^ the firft Complaint the Earl of Clarendon makes aginft his Reception there, is, their long Prayers, their obh- ging him to keep the Lord's Day, &c. But all that was excufed on account of the Dominion and Riches hisMajefty acquired by hcmg pojfefs'd of a Kingdom without a Rival. Upon which, the States gave aS Countenance to the Scottilh Merchants in Holland : France look'd chearfully upon it ; and Pag.;6S. the Ambajfdovs in Spain were raifedfrom Contempt to Dignity. When, unluckily, there arrived a Mini- llcr from the Parliament of England, one Afcham, a Scholar ; or, rather School-boy, in his Lord- fliip's Acceptation ; for he fays prefently, he did not underftand Language. It is apparent, that the two Ambafladors, the Lord Cottington and Sir Edward Hyde had thruft themfelves on the Court of Spain, who had a very mean Opinion of their Negotiations, and would have been rid of them, if they could handfomely have done it. They knew full well, that thofe Ambafladors had but very little Money in their Pockets, and were more likely to be a Charge to them, than any Benefit. They were fiiffer'd to remain there out of Decency only i and Mr, Afcham coming with Credentials from Hiftory of the Rebellion. 191 from the moft formidable Power in Europe, and with Credit for any Sums to fupport him, the two Ambafladors mufl: have made an indifferent Fi- gure after Afcham*s Appearance there in Figure and Plenty. The Ambaflador Hyde was very well apprized of this, and therefore he treats Mr. Af- cham in his Hifiory juft as he would have had the Spaniards treat him, like a Porter fent on an Er- rand ; but the Dons were too wife to affront a Power that could hurt them, to gratify a Prince that could not. And becaufe the Parliament were a beggarly, niggardly People, Mr. Afcham' s Ar- rival is reprefented like that of a Scots Pedlar, with no more Baggage than his Pack. '* He was un- " acquainted with Bufinefs, attended by a Rene- " gado Francifcan Fryar, who had been bred in " Spain, and another to ferve in the Condition of " Secretary." IVhofe Place, by the way, would have heen ten times better than the Secretary to the Lords Ambajfadors, they having nothing to do. *' And an *' inferiour Fellow for any Service i" whom Mr. Whitlocke calls a Steward, for which Mr. Afcham had, doubtlefs, as much Occafion as their Excel- lencies, he having wherewithal to keep a good Houfe, which their Lordfliips were not fo well provided for. One cannot make a rational Judg- ment of the Earl's Simplicity and Sincerity in this Narration, without giving fome' Account of this Mr. Afcham. He was by Extraftion a Gentleman, ^ Wood educated ^i Eaton School, and thenceele6ledintoVol.il.* Kings College in Cambridge, where he took the De-P' 3^5- gree of Mafter of Arts. But, fays the Earl, he did not underftand Language -, tho' it is very pro- bable his Intelligence would admit of no Compa- rifon with his Lordfhip's, who took no other De- gree than that of Batchelor of Arts. But the Hiftorian has his Rival Afcham at his mercy, and he ufes him like a Rival. Mr. Afcham became U a afcer- *:„ I 191 p. 444. REMARKS on the afterwards Tutor to the Duke of Turk ; and the Parliament being a parcel of Blockheads, picked him out for the EmbafTy in Spain^ without inqui- ring into his Capacity. 'The Spaniards were not pleas' d with his coming among them ; and Don Lewis de Haro told the Ambaffador Hyde, He was only an Englifh Gentleman who had brought a Letter from the Parliament to the King, and the King could not refufe to receive the Letter and to fee the Man, Not a word of Agent or Refident. But a few Lines after, Some Gentlemen confulted how to hiUthis Fellow ; who, if he had liv*d to have had Audience, would hardly have allowM the two AmbafTadors to have been his Fellows. This Air in an inferior Writer would have been Arrogance to a Degree of Im- pudence; but in the Noble Hittorian, is only a laudable Conception of his own Superiority and Merit. The Gentlemen, as the Earl calls them, were fix namelefs mercenary Ruffians ; 'fohn Gwillim, William Sparke, Valentine Progers, jfo. Balfaly WiUiam Amet, and Henry Progers : the lat- ter of fo near a Relation to the Ambaflador Hyde, that he was his Domeftick-Servant ; but meeting the AlTaffins by accident, as they were going to cut the Throat of the Englifh Refident, he joind in with them in that diabolical Enterprize ,• for which the Earl feems not to have had the worfe Opinion of him, or he would not have told us, that Don L^iu/V envy*d the Honour of thefe Gentle- men, who had murder'd a Gentleman in cold Blood and his Interpreter, who, being a Sp^ niard, tras no Objeft of their Revenge. Th^) thought it, fays his Lordfliip, a very gallant ad juftifiable Service ; and five of them took Sanftu- ary in a little Chappel : Henry Progers, the Hifto- rian's Servant, taking fhelter in the Houfe of the Venetian Ambaflador. IVhitlocke tells us, '* The ** Aflaflins fled for Refuge to the Venetian Ambaffa- 3 *' dor s Hijlori 0//^^ R E B E L L I o N. 193 " dor's Houfe, but he deny'd them entrance." The Lord Cottington and Sir Edward Hyde expoflulatine with Don Lewis about the Reception of Mr. AJ" cham, had faid. The King their Mafler had too many SubjeBs in that Place for fuch a Fellow to appear therewith any Security ; which occafion'd many Spe- culations after the Refident was murder'd, as we read. Hi ft, Reb. p. SJi, It cannot be imagined, fays the Earl, with what Compajfton all the Ambaffador s at Madrid loolid upon thefe unhappy Gentlemen. Footmen and Foot-Soldiers make the beft of them. But they are enter'd into his Lordfhip's Heraldry as fo many Englijh Gentry, purely on account of their murdering Mr. Afcham : An Aftion of io much Horror and Infamy, that the like has not a good Word in any Hiftory of Banditti^ Bucca- - neers, Pyrates, &c. Fine Gentlemen compar'd to thefe^ bloody Aflaflins ! Only one of them was hang'd for this horrid Murder ; and he too pro- bably had efcap'd the Gallows, had he not been a Protefliant. F^/?j^x's Friends would have had it believ'd p. 5,4, that he would not fight againft the King, Hift. Reb. Which Belief they grounded upon his Be- haviour at the Battle of ]S!afeby • whereas in truth it was never pretended that he would not fight againft the Son, as he had fought againft the Fa- ther. The Reafon he gave to the Committee of Parliament, who conferred with him upon it, was, IVe are joined in the National League andCove^ nam with the Scots, and now for us, contrary there-^ wtto, to enter into their Country with an Army, is that •^hich I cannot fee the Juflice of; W hitl. p. 44 j . We have obferved frequently, that the Gravity of the Hiftory is often relieved by fome Strokes of Raillery, the Subjeft of which is generally that which admits it the leaft. Religion : The Scots Mimfters found their Soldiers too much inc/ir/d to put . U 3 their t:\ m 194 P-S77. REMARKS on the their Confidence in the Arm of Flejb, whereas their Hope and Dependence ivas to he only in God j and they Viere moft affured of ViSlory hy Prayers and Piety, Thefe Gentlemen are perfeftly infenfible of fuch Sentiments, and are therefore as merry with them, as with Hudibras or Ralpho. Again, fpeaking of the Battel at Dunbar, " The Foot depended much " upon their Minifters, who preach'd and pray'd, ^ and affur'd them of Viftory ; fome of them were knock'd in the Head while they were promifmg »<>• was full of Spirit and Courage, and naturally lov'd Deftgm, and deftr'd to engage himfelf in fome ABion. Another Obfervation is made, which has at leaft as good a Foundation ; and that was the Opinion the Frf«c/; had of the Impotence of the King's ^ Party in England, they thought the Church of Eng- ^^^' 59 • laud could never do the King fervice, and all his Hopes muft be in the Presbyterians and Papifts, The latter are added, to make the Service of the Presbyterians the more odious. The King and Cromwell were equally delighted with the Defeat of the Scots Army, p. 393. And foon after left the Marquifs of Argyle, and withdrew into the Highlands, not letting the Duke of Buckingham know any thing of it, p. 3P4. IVhitlocke fays, The King flifd away with the Duke 0/ Bucks. The Earl tells us. The P. 395- King caused many infamous Afts of Parliament to be repealed i and that when Cromwell heard of the Kin/s March into England^ it was not afmaHfur-Vag. S97^ U 4 P'^^ ^^\ t?'' %9<^ REMARKS o»^j&«r « f p. 35>7- cc cc cc cc cc frtze to him, nor was it eafyfor him to refolve whatltMo. By the Letter he wrote to the Parliament, it ap- pears it was no great furprize to him, and that he knew well what to do. Whitl. p. 474. 'the Enemy in Defperation and Fear^ and out of inevitabk Neieffity^ are run to try what they can do in England. He then gives Reafons why he lee them run away from him not doubting but the Defperatenefs and Folly of their Enterprise will appear. The Lord Clarendon makes that to be the Effeft of Coun- fel and Wifdom, which Cromwell imputes to De- fpair. Fear, Folly, and Neceflity. What can be more entertaining than this Hifto- ry of Oliver ? '' There were two Reafons which " troubled him exceedingly ; the one, the terrible Confternation the Parliament would be in when they heard the King with his Army was nearer to them than Cromwell was ; the other was. If the King had time to reft in any Place, he ap- prehended he would infinitely encreafe/* In the lamentable Bufinefs of the Scots fecond Invafion, we fliall meet with fome more Simplicity and Sincerity to the Honour of the King's Arms, H//f . ReL^^ loj^g as he had any left ; p. 400. " Lambert was ** purfu d by the King's Horfe, and made more hafte than a well-order'd Retreat requires." Whitl. p. 475. / commanded the Rear Guard^ fays Lambert^ and charged and routed the Enemy ^ purfuing them at leaft a Mile. Lord Clarendon again. It was mt thovght fit to purftie Lambert, p. 40 1 . IVhitlocke, p. 476. They ingaged us again, and we chargd them with the fame Succefs. I believe there are hardly any twoHiftoriesof tbe fame Fafts, related by different Hiftorians, ^V/hich agree in all Circumftances, efpecially when the Subjed concerns different Nations, and more efpecially different Parties ; but tho' they may .• • differ in fome Circiamftances for the Glory or Dif- Hiftpry of the Rebellion. 297 Difgrace of the Nation or Party they are for or againft ; yet there is no Hiftory in any Lan- guage, antient or modern, which difagrecs fo much with other Hiftories, as that of the Rebels lion. Other Hiftorians may vary from the Truth, in Relations of the fame Fafts, but then it will be in Trifles only ; and they are never fo different from another, as to be quite contrary to the Faft, which is the fingle Cafe of the Hiftory of the Re- lellion : and to affeft fuch an unwarrantable Difference, with fo little Rcafon, or colour of Reafon, muft have been occafion'd by a great Contempt both of th.e Underftanding and Honefty of the Reader. fVorcefler vr^s fo little out of the King's way to London^ 'that the going thither would not *' much retard the March, Jf what follows renders that I F of the laft Neceflity, //* they found the Army able to continue it. The Militia of London might as well have march'd to Faris after they were landed in France. There was an Imagi- H//?. Reh, nation that they might have continued their March ^^^' 4-^^* even to London, which would have produced won^ derful EffeEis • but that Imagination was too wild to laft, and they quickly found it to be impojjible. What wonderful Effefts kt would have produced, may be imagin'd by the Effedts of the March to Worcefter^ which were not at all wonderful. Cromwell had the Scots Army in a Coop there, and did not give them liberty to range far^ as Fleetwood writes ; and how welcome they would have been at London y Whklocke tell us, p. 478. A Letter from the Kingy to the City of London, was burnt by the Hangman. Upon the King's approach to fVorcefler, the Com-Wp, Reh. wittee^ and all thofe who were employed by the Pavli-V* 4o2. dnienty fled in all the Confujion imaginable. Not all cf them, for one of the Committee Men flaid long enough S m h rf K «c cc €t 198 KEM'ARKS onthe. enough to be knighted by the King, Whitl. p. 478. The Principal Perfons of the Country^ with the Mayor and Aldermen, prodairnd the King ; Hift. Reb. The Kingfent a Summons to all to come into him to VVorcefter, but none came, WhitL p. ibid. Letters from London had given his Majefly caufe to believe that many prepared to come to him, Hift. Reb. p. 405. JVhitl.p. 478. After the King's Letter to the City was burnt by the Hangman, the Proclamation, declaring all thofe that came in to him to be Traytors and Rebels, was publi/Fd by beat of Drum, and found of Trumpet. *' When the News came of the De- feat of the Earl of Derby, it exceedingly af- flifted his Majefty, and abated much the Hope he had of a general Rifing ; Hifl. Reb, ib/' The King feeing his Hopes in the Earl of Derby fruftrated, would have marched away with his Horfe, upon which his Foot was ready to mutiny, and faid, they fliould both fare alike. 'There was not much Cruelty ufed to the Prifoners, Hift. Reb. p. 410. And in the next Page, '* The Prifoners were treated *' with great Rigour, and many periftiM for want " of Food/' The King's Army was no fooner defeated at IVorcefler, but the Parliament renewed their old method of murdering in cold Blood, Thus, after the Refto- ration, the Duke of Monmouth was murder'd in cold Blood 5 it might with greater Reafon be faid fo, than that the Earl of Derby was fo mur- der'd. The Earl had a fair Tryal for levying War againft the Powers in Being ; the Duke le- vy'd War againft thofe Powers, and was con- demned without a Tryal. Thus the Lord Rujfel^ Colonel Sydney, Sir Thomas Armflrong, Alderman CorniJh,&c, were all murder'd in cold Blood, in the fame King*s Reign, when the Power was in Him« Is it not aftonifhing to hear a Lawyer talk after that rate ! Did not the Earl of ZJ^r^;* know that the Hifiory o///?^ Rebellion. 199 the Laws under the Parliament made Rebellion as Treafonable as the Laws under the King ? Did he not know, thAt the committing fuch a Crime would be punilh'd with Death if he was taken, which IS the Earl's Murder in cold Blood ? By the fame Logick, the Marquifs of Argyle, Sir Henry Vane, &c. were fo murder'd, as foon as the Divifions between the Parliament and the Army had given the Presbyterians an opportunity to bring in the King ; for nothing but thofe Divifions, and no body but thofe Men,^ did bring, or could have brought him in. Again, Hift. Reb. '' They eafily ^^ found him guilty, and put him to death in a Town of his own. What cou'd be more eafy than to find a Man guilty who was in the Head of an Infurreaion, of which there muft be fo many hundred Witneffes ; befides his Cloak with Stars, his George and Garter, his Bag and Baggage taken in the Field of Battle ? Whitlocke tells us the Truth : The Earl confefl the Plot for a general Rifing, and the Matters of Treafon charged againfl him. He pleaded Ignorance of the ABs of Treafon fet forth by the Parliament ,• but the Court fentenced him to be beheaded at Bolton, where he had murder'd a Man in cold Blood. I deteft the applying Judg- ments to Things which have natural Caufes, only in Refentment of Party Quarrels 5 but this Ihould methinks have been mentioned, to preferve the Charafter of Impartiality and Integrity : as fhould what follows, The Earl feem'd very deftrousVsig. 48^. oj Life, and petitioned the Lord General. The Lord Clarendon affures us, there was but one Papift a General-Officer in the King's Army ; and now he mentions in one Page the' Lord IVi^ therington and Ma jor-General Sir 7?;ow^j T^/^^/y, who were both kill'd in the Earl o( Derby's Rout. Further, the Names of the other Perfons of Quality %vhQ wer^ kiird in that Encounter^ and thofe who were taken I ^oo REMARKS on the taken Prifoners, and afierwards put to Deaths ought to he difcove/d and mention d honourably. And truly, if I knew where to find the Names of them, I would brines them forth» to do them as much Honour as their' Aftions defervM. I have mec with fome of them. Sir Thomas Fetherjlon^ another Papill, who, fays IVhitlocke, was beheaded for the fame Trea- fons; S\v Nicholas Fortefcuc, another Pa pill, and a Knight of Maltha ; Colonel 7?'0%, another Pa- pift ; and another. Captain Pattifon. Captain Ben- boro was flM to death for the fame Treafons, fays lVhitlocke,p. 486. Sir Rancis Gamut, Col. Boynton, Sir William T'hrogmonon, Colonel Legg^ and Colonel Gerrard were taken Prifoners. I have fearchM very narrowly after thefe Worthies, being fo ho- nourably fpoken of, and recommended to Pofterity by the Hiftorian. I do not refleft on the whole Body of Papifts, when I fpeak of thefe ; nor think their Religion a fufficient Warrant to expofe them to Reproach, if their Moral Aftions and Principles are good and laudable. The Laudaans are doubrlefs greater Enemies to the true Protc- ftant Religion and Englifh Liberties. Mr. Locke had made this Obfervation before ; and I have alfo myfelf mentioned it elfewhere. " There was a Chappel in that Village, where " a Weaver, who had been a Soldier, ufed to " preach, and utter all the Villany imaginable.'* I hope the Reader underftands what is here meant by Villany ; it is preaching Purity and Godlinefs, in oppofition to Superftition and Perfecution; which the Earl calls the old Order of Government. One would have thought, the Preacher's having been a Soldier, did not difqualify him for the Pulpit. Dr. Hudfon, and many other Onhodox Divines threw afide their Crape, and put on Buff And, if I were difpofed to make Reprifals, I could name a Weaver too, who, in my time, Icfc the Hipory of the Re bis,lli on. 301 the Loom for the Pulpit, after Epifcopal Ordina- tion. Such Meannefles are unworthy a Hiftory, which has hardly any thing in it but Flowers and Graces, except where the Soil is rank, and then Weeds thrive there as well as in other Places. The Earl takes particular Care to tell us, that the Hydes were always a Malignant Family ; and it wa$ to the Malignancs that were owing all the Mife- ries and Ruins of the Civil War, as we read at large in Ru/hworthy IVhitlocke, and other faithful Hiftorians. It is allow'd by all Writers, that King Charles IL had renounced the Cliurch of Emgland^ and fub- mitted to that of Rome^ before his Reftoration ; that he liv'd after it in a conflant Mocking of God, by profefling himfeif a Defender of the Proreftanc Faith, and being at the fame time an errant Papift. What we read in a Hiftory of grent Bulk, that Sir RichardWdlis and Colonel Doleman laid. If you call home the King^ you will put the Government under Pimps and Whores \ and of Sir William Morrice, Se- cretary of Stare's faying, Willis and Doleman were the truefl Prophets he ever met with in his Life ; is not the hCs irreverent, becaufe 'tis recorded by an Archdeacon, p. 757. But confidering the very great Wickednefs, which, like an Inundation, overwhelmed the Kingdom in the Reign of that Prince ; how could the Earl of Clarendon fpeak of his being fav'd, after the Rout at Worcefier^ in this Manner } All may reafonably look upon the whole as H^)?. Reh the Infpiration and Conduct of God Almighty, as a Ma- P^S- 42S. nifeflation of his Power and Glory, and for the Con- 'viBion of the whole Party which had finned fo grie^ voufly. If this is not Cant, I know not what Cant is. Hugh Peters, Philip Nye, and Stephen Mar/hall could not out-cant it, if they had faid, That Cromwell's Series of Vi^flories and Succefs (hould not be attributed to the Arm ofFleih, but to the Li' 301 KEMAKKSon the Inffiration and ConduEl of God Almighty^ as a Mani- feftation of his Power and Glory, and for the C?«- *viEiion of the whole Party which had finnd fo grie- 'voufly. It looks natural in them > but in the Earl, whofe Party had countenanced Sinning fo far, as to eftablifli Sabbath- breaking by a Law, andperfe- cuted pious Minifters and others for not obeying it, feems to me very unnatural and furprizing. " In the mean time, the Marquifs of Ormond " would not receive a Pafs from Ireton, who would willingly have granted it; being afraid of the Man whom he was driving out of the Kingdom, andwhowasfofturdy, that he fcornd to travel fafe by the Pafs of a Common-wealthVman. Thefe Gentlemen are like the Heroes of Romances, they live without Meat, they fight without Arms, they conquer without Viftory, and are wife with- out Wifdom. Mazarine faid of King Charles the Second's Counfellors, It is the Fate of. this Prince, that he neither knows hew to chufefor himfelf nor has any one near him that is able to advife him. The Lord Clarendon and the Marquifs of Ormond were at that time near him 5 and either Cardinal Ma- z^arine or the Earl of Clarendon muft be out in their Politicks. Which of them the Reader will prefer for Knowledge and Experience, is eafy to be ima- gined. _ y T^ n " One Love, a Presbyterian Minifter, (a FeUo-^ " mentioned before,") Hiji, Reb. p. 434- There is not the like of this in Hiftory ; a Divme of the Reformed Religion, about to pay the Price of his Folly by his Death for the fame Caufe which the Earl is engaged in, is termed a Fellow. So Mr. Afcham was a Fellow. And this Fellow, Mr. Love, ihc Minifter, was condemned and executed for a Confpiracy to reftore the King, which, one would have thought, deferv'd a milder Term in fo man- nerly a Hiftory as that of the Rebellion. But they ' have Hiftory of the Rebzllion. 305 have no Manners to fpare for any of the Clergy who are not of the Stamp of thofe that firft' brought on the Bijhops War, and aftewards the CtvtUVar, by their preaching up Perfecution, Su- perttition and Tyranny. Again, this poor Man Love What a Spirit there is in them ? they can be Inlolent, when, as the Earl owns, They lay ^^g^ \1>5 groveling and proftrate under defolate Apprehenfions. Ihis poor Man, Love, dy'd raving. Dr. Calamy ^^^^• aflures us; He died neither timoroufly nor proudly but with great Alacrity and Chearfulnefs, as if he had but Pa. 66 gone to bed, and had been as little concerned as the Standers^by ; which agrees mighty well witly his Lordihip s raving Fit. ^^ " When Middleton came to Paris, he brought with him a little Scottijh Vicar.'' If he had been a lat Englijh Vicar, he would have been treated with more Ceremony. The Pleafantry is in his Lordfhip s defcending fo much into the Particulars of this Perfon, who however was confiderable enough to have Letters of Credit from the Heads ot the Royal Party, in Prifon and out of Prifon, to be confulted with on the Scottifh Affairs, which jvere left to the Management of Chancellor HydeHfi-Reh- and the little Scotti/h Vicar, who had long Confe- P* '^^^' rences together ; and to what good Purpofe ap- • pears by the Succefs of their Counfels. Indeed, one might fill a Volume with glorious Inftanccs of the Wifdom of his Majefty's Counfellors, not- withftanding what Mazarine malicioufly faid of them i as this one. His Majefty was advis'd to fend the Dutch Ambaflador in France a Paper p . fignd by him, intimating, that there were many ^^"^ Officers^ and Seamen aboard the Englifi Fleet, whofliipM themfelves purely with an Intention to lerve the King aboard the Fleet of the Common- ^vealth ; and if the Dutch would receive him aboard tneir Fleet, he defir'd no other Cgmniand than . ^ of PI !.] 304 REMARKS mthe of thofe Ships, which, upon Notice of his being there, fhould leave General Blake, and join with him. Is not this the Quinteflence of Wifdom ? And how filly was De Wit's Anfwer ! " If they " (hould accept of the King's generous Offer, they " could never recede from his Intereft; which, in- " ftead of putting an end to the War, of which " they were already \^eary, would make it with- *' out end, &cy The truth is, thefe Gentlemen did not care what Inconveniencies they brought any Kingdom or State, Party or Perfons into, if they could gee a prefent Relief in their Di- ftrefs. *' CromwellV Deputy^ Ireton, died in Limerick *' vfthe Plague!' This Story begins well, at leaft; for he did not die of the Plague. IVhitl p. 491. •' The Lord Deputy Ireton having taken Cold in " his Journey, fell fick, and November 17, took " Phylick ; the next day he was let blood, but •' grew worfe and worfe every day, till November *' 25, and then died.* Now follows General Iretons Charaaer, Hift. Reb, p. 458. *' He was " never referv'd in owning his moft barbarous Pur- " pofes, and his perfonal Courage was never rec^ " kon'd among his other Abilities." Which is the Reverfe of all other Accounts of him. IVhitL f . 49 1 . He was Stout in the Field, and of good Abi- lities for A^ion as well as Counjel. Ludlow, p, 384. " He was folemnly interred in a magnificent Mo- *' nument at the publick Charge ; who, if he *^ could have forefeen what was done by them, " would certainly have made it his Defire, that " his Body might have found a Grave where his " Soul left it. So much did he defpife thofe pom- " pons and expenfive Vanities, having erefted for " himfelf a more glorious Monument in the Hearts *- of all good Men, &€." What are thofe Men,. . . , . who HifioTjofthe Rebellion. 505 Who have loaded his Memory with In/uftice. Cru- elty, Rapine, and Blood ] The ^Affairs of Ireland, under the Dute of OmoBisPopilh Deputy, the Marquifs ofCW- kard, take up feveral Pages of his Lordftip's Hi- Itory, tho the Events do not appear to be worth the Earls Memoirs, but he recommends a fuller Relation of them written by the Marquifs him- lelt, which cannot but be very Entertainin- to iuch as have much wafte Time, and much Cu- nofity to know what People did not and could not V ri! ,^^ '^'^^ f'^^y '^o"''! and did. Ihe DiJJolutioft of the Parliament by Cromwell ■^as generally very grateful and acceptable, they bein,^ ^i/^" '''*• h\^n into Contempt, i^ovrmitlocke, pr/g T?,,??/"' fembly, famous thro' the World for ils kdenakl: ''" Aawns, and Sncceffes, having fubdued all their Enel mes, were ruined by their Servants. All which is fober Hiftory. and the Refleftions of a wTuan One would think that General Ludlow had feen the Earls Hiftory, or the Earl General Ludlow's] for they niake ufe of the fame Expreflion on this tvent. Cromwell havmg now pafl the Rubicon • Jhich wasa very iuft Term for a Man's invadme the Liberties of h.s Country, and deftroving th! Senate that employ 'd him. ' " ,^ " Barebone\ Parliament confifted of inferior " ZT/ It ?"'''fy "'■ ^''"^' Artificers ofp ,g, ^^ the meaneft Trades, known only by their Gifts Th ' 3 u;^^ ^c ?'S''" •'^ ^^" ''"f Scholars." Tho the Wit of this is exquifite, yet it has not fo ftrong an Effea as might be ex^eded becaSfe tSn'f '^h^'^^t ^'^" "'^°^y' -'* -Cher FaS than Truth. There were no Men of Learning were full of Preachers, but there were no Scho- ^ iars. •ii. I k « 306 Bfi- Rek p. 483. REMARKS on the lars among them. We have named fome on other Occafions, and could HU many Pages with Names of Eminence, were it neceffary, to difcredit a Re- fleaion which lb far difcredits itfelf, as to re- quire no Remark. There is more Wit ft.il in this Paragraph 5 Praife God, that was his Chnftian Name, Barebone, a Leather-feller, being a notable Speaker in this Parliament, the AfTembly went by his Name, which occalions the Raillery ; tho it would have been as applicable to Accepted Beuen, Archbilhnp of Tvyk, or Offspring Blackhall, Bilhop oi Ei%st€y , " One Roufe, an old Gentleman of Devoyifhive, '' was chofen Speaker, with an Opinion ot having '' fom.e Knowledge in Latin and Greek, but of a '' very mean Underftanding " It is all ol a piece, onQKoiife. How would it be taken, if one (hould fay, one T'urner, one Seymour, one trevor, one Harley, one Bromley was chofen Speaker. A. U^ood fays, this Man of a very mean Underftanding,was e ft eemed n Man of Pans, and his Writings Oiew that his Underftanding was of as large Extent as his Education at Oxford and the Inns of Court, belides the Experience of thirty Years in the Houle of Commons, could help him to. They continued Jtx Months to the Ama%.e7nent, and even Mirth of the People ; and never entered into any grave and ferious Debate. As appears by their Committees : 1. To confider Matters touching Law, 2. Touching Prifoners and Prifom. 3. For InfpeBing into T'reafuries, and eafwgpublkk Charges^ 4. For Ireland. 5. For Scotland. 6. For the Army, 7. For Peti.ions. . 507 Hifior>j of the Rebellion. 8. To confider what /ha7 be offered about publkk . Debts, puhliik Frauds and Breathe i of Trud. 9. For regulating Onmnijfi oners of the Peace, 10. For Advance of Trade. 11. For Advancement of Lear ninv(^ Butchery JH K'EMARKSonthe Butchery might appear with Remorfe^ fome were re- prievd, and/old^ and fent Slaves to ?/;^ Barbadoes ; where their Ty-eatment was fuchy that few of them Bifi, Rcb, ^rjj^y returned into their own Country, Knowing very ^•5^^' well the Pradice of fending Men to ^^rWo^j, I was furpriz'd to fee the Earl give into an idle Notion of the Populace, that all thofe Servants are Slaves like the Captive Seamen in Sally ; that they are every day ftarvM, and whipp'd, and pickled like thievifh Negroes ,• whereas it is very likely that they work'd lefs, and fared better than the Hedgers and Ditchers in the County of Wilts : and tho' 'tis not likely that thefe Men were as ho- nefl: as thofe that were tranfported by Jefferies, many of whom returned Rich to their own Country, or liv'd well in the Weft-Indies, yet it inuft be their own Faults if they deferv'd fuch Treatment as fhortenM their Days there ; for the Planters generally value the Labour of their Servants too much to kill them with ill Ufage. Thus this little Fire^ which probably might have kindled and enflarnd all the Kingdom. I cannot fee where , there was the leaft probability that it (hould kin- dle and enflame any Nook of it more than it did ; for while the Parhament and the Army agreed, and while Cromwell kept the Soldiers in Difciplinc, and afted fteadily and refolutely, there never was a Party of Malecontents fo thoroughly fup- preft as was that of the Cavaliers. Thofe of them that were in Exile, liv'd in great impatience of geciing home again, and believed every flattering Story which leflen'd their Defpair ; but thofe that remained in England, had been fo often beaten, that none of them, who had their Wits about them, could think it probable that all the King- dom would run after them in Diftrefs, who had abandon'd them in the War. His Lordfhip how- ever is always drawing Troops together, and drawing Hiflory e/'/k Rebellion. 315 drawing Forces to the Rendezvous, and drawing Soldiers into the Field in all parts of the Three Kingdoms, as if the King had had Garrifons and Camps for them to march from and to at th6 Command of his Generals, tho' both Generals and Armies were quartered as thofe at Knights- bridge^ and lay every where incognito. 1 he whole Story of Manning is fo pregnant, that I will not pretend to deliver it ; only cannot but take^notice, that not a Syllable is faid of that Traytor's being Servant to Sir Edward Hyde, Whitl. p. ^18. On the contrary. Sir EdwardBift. Reh. affures us, He could not prevail with himfelf to have?' 5^^' any familiarity with him, for which he was reproached • That Manning complains of his want of Kindnefs fo him, &c. All which is follow'd with a Reprefen- tation of Thurh\ Credulity 5 and being imposed upon by Manning, to fend him 1000 Crowns at a Time for a parcel of Lyes. There is not a Mor- tal who ever heard of Ihurh, but is acquainted with his Charafter, which is not excelled for Po- liticks by any of that Age ; and it is extremely probable, that fuch a Politician as he would part with his Crowns by Thoufands, to purchafe fome incredible, ridiculous Falfities of Sir Edivard Hyde's Man. Manning might, and doubtlefs did write Lyes enough ; but if Thurlo hn-d not known that there was fome Truth among them, which was v/orth his Money, the Noble Hiftorian's Servant would have had no more Piiloles in his Pocket than his Fellows. In the Account of the Infurredion in the North, we have an I F which gives ^reat Impor- tance to it. Wilmot, Earl of Rochefler, was to have been at the Head of it, but when he came into Torkfbire^ he found fome Miftake had been given in tlye Notice. However, forKe did appear, andun^ dertook for thcfe that were ahfent, that IF he would m i Is 'X •| 3i<5 REMARKS on the appoint another Jbort Day^ he fbould be well attende4* When a Man's Neck is in Danger, it would not be Prudence to wait for the Succefs of our I F, efpecially fince the Reafons of Marmaduke Darcy were again ft entring upon the Defign, which were not to he urgd now^ when they were to execute it. Seve- ral of thefe York/hire Confpirators were taken, and among others Sir Henry Slingsby, a Papifl, who was a Leader in that Confpiracy. I juft now explain'd my felf, as to fuch Re- fleaions on Papifts, that I do not do it to refleft on the Roman Religion, as it is an Enemy to Civil Liberty. I have known Men of that Profeffion, who have been Lovers of their Country, good Englijfhmeny and good Neighbours ; but to expofe the Pretences of fuch, as would make us believe that the Royalifts were the only true Proteftants, while Themfelves and the Papifts were engag'd in the fame Caufe. It was cafy to forefee that Cromwell would make his Advantage of thefe defperate Rifings, and a little Wifdom and Forefight would have depriv'd him of it 5 as there was really no hope of doing themfelves good by them, but much Caufe to apprehend that good would be done him. Had the Counfellors been fo over-wife as they are reprefented, they would have prevented thofe rafti and perilous Undertakings ; yet there is fuch Infatuation among them, that after the fatal Cataftrophe of the Undertakers, fee how hisLordfliip defcribes the Uproar ^t Salisbury : Pag. 5(^9. c« j^^ Succefs and Triumph at Salisbury pro- " duced fuch a Confternation throughout the *' Kingdom, as would have endangerd the Secu- '' rity of the whole Weft, I F there had not " happened fome accidental Confufion , &c. This too is highly probable; but it is much more fo. that Cromwell took hold of that Opportunity Hifiory of theKE Bthtioi^. ^ly to encreafe his Power, and confirm his Authority, under colour of Confpiracies, which he defpis*d. »i ' 'The Kings Heart was even broken at the Butchery frequently aBed on the Royal Party ^ and the extreme 'Tyranny of the Vfurper : But he could not be equally affliEied to fee the Lords marfhalFd with the Dregs cf the People, as thus in Olivers Houfe of Peers, Robert E. of Warwick^ Philip E. of Leicefter^ Sir Gilbert Pickerings Sir John Hob art ^ Edmund E. of Mulgrave^ Charles Vifc. Howard, h^ Sir Charles Wolfeley, Edward E. of Mancefler, Sir Francis Rujfely W. Ld. Vifc. Say and Sele, Sir ihomas Honey wood. Sir Richard On/low, J^hilip Lord IVharton, Sir Gilbert Gerrard, Tloomas Ld Falconbridge, Sir IVilliam Strickland ; with feveral other Lords, fo marfhall'd with the Dregs of the People, ff^itl. p. 66^. Thefe Gentlemen are as well vers'd in the Com- merce, as in the other Interefts of the Nation, as appears by their wifhing that Cromwell would not keep Jamaica, but fend for his Men home again, Hifi, Reb, p. 580. The Levellers, who were moftly Anabaptifts, and other as rigid Men, cor- refponded with the Spaniards, by the Intervention of an Irijh Prieft, to reftore the King and Epifco- „.. « ^ pacy,p. 583. which is fo Simple and Sincere, and '^' ' * fo Incredible too, that no doubt it will be copy'd by future Hiftorians. And this PaiTage alfo, Cromwell fent a Perfon to treat with Colonel BaU thafar to bring over a Regiment of Swifs, for a Guard to his Perfon ; who would have been able to have guarded him long, after he had fo dif- trufted and affronted his own Soldiers. All Men had m Spirit, but from the Horror they had of the Confufion of Cromwell's Government, By this Reprefentation, Religion was under Reproach, Trade in Decay, Juftice in Banifhment with the Chancellor of the Exchequer, and Right and Wrong i I. •:( i'- jiS Vol. Til. KEMAKKS on the Wrong confounded at the Pleafure of the Pro- teftor. The contrary of which is the Truth, as far as it regards his Adminiftration, and not the Means of his acquiring it. But every thing is in Confufion which the Chancellor has not the Ma- nagement of. And merhinks, this way of Think- ing is like that of Bankrupts, who imagine other Men's Concerns to be as confus'd as their own. voiJii. I think the heft Argument in the Hi [lory is. Part IT. where his Lordfhip reafons upon Cromwell s being P^S- 5^5" made King. T^he fvber Perfvns of the Kings Par^ ty trembled at this Overture^ and believed that it u'rti tl>e orly way utterly to deftroy the Kiag, &c. As doubtlefs k was ; for the Qiieftion would no longer have been King or Coimmmwealth, but Stiimt or Cromwell And when the Difterence lay in the Nam.eonly, and rot in-the l^hing, the Nobihty and others who ndLercd rather to the Monarchy than the Perion, would not have been lo forward to venture their Lives and Fortunes for the lake of a Name only, when they had the Thing. Befides, as it was after l/is Imugnvation as Protecior, it he had liv'd ten or a dozen Years to have ellabhlh d his Sovereignty ; or, if his Sun had had the lame Genius and Spirit, there is no doubt to be made, but they would have been too Potent lor all Up- pofition, which indeed conhftcd in nothing but defperate Riiings and AiTafunation-Plots, without any folid Delign, or real Serensth ; tho the barl cf Clarendon fpeaks of the King's Counfels, and the Aaions of his Friends in Exile, as of Matters of State and Power, in the midft of the greatcftCon- fufion and Impotence. His own Share in the Ad- miniftration of them, is the only thing thac gives them Importance. . w- • u Cr^mweirs Ambition and Vanity in afluming the Sovereign Power, and being iolemnly inaugura- ted in it, are notorious enough ; but, to do him Bipry of the KzBELLiON. ^ig Juftice, JHe did not refohe to do fomewhat for himfelf^ as the Earl writes^ in his Inauguration. The Par- hamentthemfelvesorder'd it, without his feeking. VVhitl. p. 6^1. A Committee was appointed to pre* parejor the Solemniz,ation and PiMJhing of his High^ nefs's Acceptance of the Government. Ordered, That the Majler of the Ceremonies give notice to foreign Am- bajfadors and Miniflers of the Inauguration of the Pro- tecior. But the Earl tells thus, 'fhey had not confi- de/ d of the Formality of his Inauguration, His Lordfhip gives us a very good Account of P. 597. Admiral Blake's Viftories at Sea, of his Death, pompous Burial, and Character ,• part of which I fhally copy, to do Honour to the Memory of a Man who deferv'd fo well of his Country, that no Monument could be too Magnificent to per- petuate the Remembrance of him. ** He was "' the firft Man that declin'd the old Tracks, and made it manifeft, that the Science might be at- tained in lefs time than was imagined ; and de- fpifed thofe Rules which had been long in Praftice, to keep liis Siiip and his Men out of Danger, which had been held in former Times a Point of great Ability and Circumfpedion ; as if the principal Art requilite in the Captain of a Ship had been to be fure to come home fafe again. He was the firft Man who brought Ships to contemn Caftles on Shore, which had been thought ever very formidable, and were difcoverM by him to make a Noife only, and to fright thofe who could rarely be hurt by them. He was the firft that infufed that Proportion of Courage into the Seamen, by making them fee by Experience, what mighty things they could do, if they were refolv'd i and taught them to fight in Fire as well as upon Water ; and the' he hath been very well imitated and followed, he was the firft that gave the Example of thac '' kind \i IC C( (( fC (C cc cc cc Cc cc cc cc cc cc u cc '%3^\ < i. i, \ $io REMARKS on the *' kind of Naval Courage, and bold and refolute ^* Atchievements." To which let me add, to the eternal Infamy of the Party that didjt. He waS the firft Man who^. after having acquired immortal Honour in the Service of his Country, which he made rich and renowned, had his facred Aflies, when dead, proian'd by impious Hands, taken out of his Grave, and flung with the com- mon Filth into a Pit in the Street, by Order of the Court not long after the Reftoration. Men capable of fuch a deteltable Aftion as that, muft needs be the Wife, the Sober, the Virtuous, the Generous, the Brave, the Honourable, as they are reprefented by the Earl of Clarendon ; or the quite contrary, as that Aft of Impiety fufficiently proves, and lays a Mark upon them worfe than all the Stigmatizings during the Tyranny of Laud. fi TT r When his Lordftiip comes to CromweU s Houie of Peers, he affures us, Ic did not appear to the Parliament ivhat JiirifdiBion they had ; when they themfelves gave them that Jurifdiftion by a long Article, the Fifth of the Petition and Advice. A- gain. They queftiond the ProteElo/s Authority to fend Writs to call them thither. Quite contrary to this p ^^j \sWhitlocke ; The Parliament order d the Commif- ' fioners oftheSt2i\, -with the Advice of the Judges, to prepare and frame a IVrit for fummoning the Members of the other Houfe of Parliament to meet at fuch Time and place as /hall be appointed by his_ Highness ; and the Commiflioners are to feal fuch Writs^ and to ijfue them out to fuch Perfons, as his Highnefs, under his Sign Manual, Jhall direct and appoint. Yet they queftion'd the Proteftor's Authority. Who gave him that Authority to make Peers ! Why no body but themfelves. Whitl. The Houfe agreed to a Paper touching the Summoning fuch Perfons who are to ferve as Members in the other Houfe of Parliament ^ accordtng p. 603. F«g. ib. Hiftoryofthe Rebellion. t^ according to the Petition and Advice ; and they agreed tmhmg the Solemnities of his Highnefs's Inaugurmion • which chey did not provide for, nor confider fays the Earl, ^ 597. This Mifreprefentation is r /''P°/? 'i'l-^'n''"""' ^^^'^^ °f Confufion in Cromwell and his Parliament's Counfels u J'f ^j"i&^l'"|.,'" P^''>'^^rs, made Sir Edward •^ A°'^{?'l*' ^^hancellor of England, much a- gamft his Will, and many great Affkirs accompa- nied It. There was fo univerfal a Readinefs of the Kings Friends m England, that they could w t' u P';^"*'^^'' ^o ftay. but would begin the Work themfelves ; and many young Men, who had no part in the former War, were impatient toftew their Courage, being acquainted with old Officerswhofawmanyof their old Soldiers in Ol'ver s Army. There were alfo Meetings in the City, which was very much alter'd by binding many Gentlemen s Sons Prentices. On this kind p tf,, of Materials, many honeft M.en built their Hopes, &feq-' and were impatient to be in Arms j to preven ^' which, CroW/fiird the Jails in City and Coun- try, and xMr. Mordaum had been hang'd, had not his beautiful voung Lady bribed the High Court ot Juftice. Ihjs Hiftory is almoft every Word his Lordlhip s, and is repeated as a further Proof of ^mplicity and Sincerity, as it is in a very eminent Degree. The Addrefs of the Anabaptifts, In- dependents, and Quakers to the King in Exile, tire and Water are much more eafily blended than Quakers and Independents, or Quakers and Anabapnfts. I do not believe the Earl was im- pos d upon by the Cant of the Addrefs, to think It genuine, but by the AlTurances of the Cavalier Ufficer who brought it to the King, and no doubt valued himlelf much upon his Intereft with thofe Uenommacions. The Style itfelf fhews the For- gery, by the vifible Affeaation iu it : " When Y it ' t :T-| I; i I r *■■■! ^4 V we 3^^ (C ;/'^^>-^-;^^J Clarendon to whom the Pi'nc<-s ot the tarm hnw'd and at whcfe Name or.y his Lrrdfliip trembled never took any Delight in hi. meek Roy- a ty and gave it up w,th n.ore Pkaiure than he took i? Desborough, a Fellow of ruae 1 err,per. This Fellow was Admiral at Sea, and a Member i Parlian>ent ; but having married iucn a lor ■ rvpanire as the Grand-daughter of Si'- Oliou CmZ it s this FelIov^r, as well as it was w.th Mr^/ci i and Mr. Lo.e. Sure th,s is cnou a t^oive one a very juft Idea of the Impa.-tr.^ / .nd Decorum of the Earl's Hiftory ; asj.pi--. vs S^rthe ../.-../. Ricl^rd, the ,^M^ f. SreaS^r-Lffrrich^inS^r^shi:^ wtirov-d well for the Eari d Clareadon ^..^i he wasC ; but conf.dering he had been t^u. 'J MaT in the three Kingdoms, and patiently la^ dJwn ?hat Dignity for Peace-fake I q .eft whether the Sentiments of his Lordfti.p s H Oorv wouS not have been as generous wuhout thole Terms, as they are w.th thenv ^^^ fiory would not have been as generous Withgut thole Terms, as they are with them. Hiftory of the Rebellion. 317 The Parliament having Notice of their being to be diffoIv'd,would not go to the Houfe. " So that " when Fiennes fent for them to the other Houfe, *^ the Commons (hut the Door of their Houfe,and ** would not fuffer the Gentleman Uflier of the " Black Rod to come in." The true Account is in Whitlocke : By CommiJJion under the Great Seal to Fiennes and others, this Parliament was dijfolved, and a Proclamation ijfued to declare it dijfolved ; which caufed much trouble in the Minds of many honeji Men. 'the Cavaliers rejoyced at it. The Lord Com- miflioner Whitlocke diftinguiflies between Cavaliers and honeft Men. Tis hardly worth while to bring what follows of the Hiftory to the Reftoration into Remark. The Anarchy thickens, andtheConfufion isfliame- lefs and inexprefflble. The Rump being reftor'd, the firft Addrefs tp them was from that honeft Man General Monk, in May 16^9; and in May 1660, he addrefs'd the King, who made him a Duke for it. This faith- ful General told the Parliament, fome of whom he was very forward to fend to Tyburn a Year or two after, " That a Nation may be born in a ^' Day, is a Truth which this Day's Experience •^ witneifeth unto us above all the Dictates of ^- human Reafon ; and that glorious Caufe, for which he foon after hang'd his dear Friend Scot, ^' whofe Intereft was laid low, even in the Duft, *' fliould in one day be reftored to its Life and ^* Luftre, cannot be imputed to lefs than the " greatcft and moft powerful Manifeftation of the *^ Arm of God that ever this or formerGenetations ^' faw or heard of. You are the People by whom " God for fo many Years fill'd the World with ^ fp much Admiration and Terror." This isfaid hythe £^/o/Clarendon'x Gooi lor i General Mmki knt tbe Eajl bmfelf&ys, they v^ere coniQitincd by ^ X 4 ^ 3i8 REMARKS on the aB forts of People, p, 664. Nay, fo contemptible were they indeed, that they underwent the Scoffs even of the Cavajiers ; who were in a fine Condi- tion to feoff at People. ^^ General Monk to the Rump again ; " God was ^^ pleafed to make you the Praife and Wonder of ^^ the Earth, the Glory and Rejoycing of his People, and the Terror of your Adveriaries.'* He defires they would provide for his late High- nefs Richard, that poor miferable Creature ^; and that they would vindicate and ajfert the native Rights and Liberties of thefe Nations in and by tleG<^ vernment of a Free STATE, The Earl does not over-do it in the Charafter of Sir Horatio Townfend, a Geitleman liable to no Reproach or Jealoujy ; and the Truth is, he was a miiUche, Gentleman in general good Efteem : but I cannot pag. 679. imagine that his being one of the Council of State^ madeby^the Rump, was fufEcient Reafon for the King's Party to obey him in whatfoever he r«g. d55. undertook, as his Lordfhip intimates,- for Sir Horatio Townfend was a Man of too much Honour to betray his Truft, as Monk did. Tho' the Con^ fpiracies to reftore the King were wild and abor- tive during the firft Power of the Rump and the two Proteftorates, yet after the Army had reftor'd the ParHament, whom they themfelves had de- pofed, 'twas eafy to fee that the Nation would Icon be weary of thefe State-Experiments, and fall into the old natural Government of Englandin the Royal Family. Monk, 'tis true, declares, that a Common-wealth is the native Rights of Englifhmen ; but I am not fo much a Republican as he was, and think the native Rights of Englijh- men confifts in the Government of King, Lords, and Commons, asin ourprefent happy Conftitu- tion. The Reftoration accomplifh'd itfelf We cannot find by the Earl's Hiftory, that his Lord- fhip Hifor^ of f^« Re B E L L 1 o N. 319 fliip, or any of the King's Counfellors abroad, had a Finger in it, further than writing and carrying a Letter or two ; or that one Orthodox Man can reafonably claim a grain of Merit in the whole Procefsof it. The Rifing of Sir George Booth, produces the ufnal Effeft, it raifes the Spirits of the King's Par-?. CiZ tyy and alarms the Parliament. Sir George's Men are in an Inftant an Army, and all of them defirous to fight. That Defire was (hown by Lambert's fil-mittach lowtng themfo clofe, that they could not avoid fighting P- <^84. ^^ The Parliament refolv'd if they wanted Evi- cc ^^^?, to jmprifon People, the fufpeding them Ihould be fufficient, p. 674." IVhitlocke tells us, ;. 682. Many Perfons were examined by the Council about a New Confpiracy, which was evidently prov^d^ " His Royal Highnefs the Duke of York found an Opportunity to confer with his old Friend Marfhal Turenne, Hift. Reb. p. 574." That Friendfhip could not but be very old, confidering his Royal Highnefs was then but in his Five and Twentieth Year ; but by that we are given to underftand, that the Mar/hal had been long in love with the Duke of York, on account of' A- greement between their Heroical Tempers. We have frequently obferv'd, that the Earl had engrofs'd all the IVife Men to his Party ; and fpeaking of the />r^;?^/z« Treaty, we are toid in what their Wifdom was made apparent. ** It is ^1 believ'd by Wife Men, that in that Treaty fome- *^ what was agreed to the Prejudice of the Pro- *^ teftant Intereft /' which was prevented by the Overthrow of the Proteftant Parliament in England, and the putting a Popifh King on the Throne, Hifl. Reb. p. 6S6. Thefe are the judi- cious Reflexions of the Wife Men, as is that of Cardinal MaMrine's being ftruck dead with the t f< cc ^i f 3P KEMAKKS mthe When the People were robb'd of their Liberties by Quo Warranto* s, and of both Liberties and Properties by the Spiritual Courts ? When Popery appeared Triumphant, and an Army of Irifh Papifts was brought over to finifli King James's Triumph over our Religion and Laws ? Then Ihould fome 'Dr.TVebfler have publifh*d the Life and glorious * Aftions of the good Lord General Monk, that thofe Blefled Times might have done homage to his Memory for the wonderful Bleffings they en- joy'd by his Means, as Webfler, Gumble, Price, and other reverend Hiftorians inform us. How- ever Mr. Locke is pofitive, that Sir Anthony AfhUy^ Cooper, was the main Inftrument in the King's Reftoration, and that Monk would have hinder'd It J34 ViEMAKKS on the «c cc it if he could. See the Hiftory of England^ by the Archdeacon of Stow^ P'75^i tho' that Hifto- rian objefts to it purely on account of Mr. Lockers Evidence, it being iingular. Now let the Reader determine whofc Credit is to be prefcr'd,the fingle Evidence of Mr. Locke^ or the Teftimony of Price, Gumbky IVehfver^ and a Cloud of fuch Witneffes. Wfi* Reb, A Man notorious in thofe Times ^ Praife-God Bare- p. 714* bone, in the Head of a crowd of SeSioi-ies, delivered a Petition, that ati the Nobility^ Clergy^ and Gentry of the Kings Party, might be utterly extirpated^ and that no Perfon might teach a School who did not abjure the King. Mr. iVhitlocke writes foberly of this Petition. " Addrefs of divers Citizens prefented by Mr. Praife-God Barebone^ of adhering to this Parliament." And it is not very Credible that Men in their Wits fliould demand the A, b. c. to be taken away from Cavalier School-miftrefles* Such a wife Bufinefs as that could only enter into the Noddles of the Contrivers of the la ft Schifm Bill. Coke tells us, Barebone^s Addrefs was to (?x- clude the King and Royal Family ^ and thofe that re^ fus*dy not to be capable of any Employment ; which was no more than the good Lord General Monk himfelf had add reft for but a few Days before. There has been much Debate about Monk's ta- king the laft Abjuration Oath againft J:he Royal Houfe of Stuart^ which I do not think to be of any Confequence ; for there was an Oath prior to that, and an Engagement againft a fingle Perfon, King/hip y and an Houfe . of Peers^ which Monk had taken : befides, about a Month before he engaged to reftore the King, he folemnly declared to the Parliament, If the People find, that after fo long and bloody a War againft the King for breaking in upon their Liberties ^ yet at laft he muft be taken in again, U 'iiiill l^s out of quejiion, and is moft manifeft, he 2 may Hipry of the KzhELLiON. ^55 mhy govern by his Will. And as to the Intereft of this famous City^ it muft lie in a Commonwealth, that Government only being capable to make them through the Lord's Blejjing the Metropolis and Bank of the Trade for all Chriflendom. I take no Notice of his ' mocking that tremendous Name ,• for there does not appear the leaft evidence of ferious and pure Religion in the whole Courfc of thcfe Gencle- mens Proceedings. They have very often the Church in their Mouths, but whether they mean ferious and pure Religion by it, I leave to the Reader to determine ; and having fo often faid, that the King was reftored by the Presbyterians, let us fee what were the General's Religious Prin- ciples. Indeed moderate Presbyterian Government appears at prefent to be the mofl indifferent and accept table way to the Church's Settlement. By this we fee he was entirely Presbyterian, and by what he faid before, entirely Republican-, but the Promife of a Garter, a Ducal Coronet, a Batoon, and loooo Pounds a Year, is enough to ftagger Principles which were better founded than Mmk's •, efpecially if what Ludlow fays is true. That he had no Prin^ ciples at all ; and his Aftions do not fpeak much to the contrary. We have feen what Opinion General Monk had of the War againft the King for breaking in upon their Liberties ; which the Earl of Clarendon, thro' all the three Folio Hifto- ries, calki the Rebellion. We have alfo feen what the Parliament, after the P^ump was roafted, and the fecluded Members were reftor'd, thought of it. They excepted all out of Offices who did not firft declare under Hand, That they confeft andUift. ReB. acknowledged, that the War rais'd by the Two HoufesV' 721. of Parliament againft the late King was Juft and Lawful, until fuch time as Force and Violence was ufed upon the Parliament. It is this very Juft and Lawful War, this che Earl ftUes the Grand Re- bellion^ 1^(5 REMARKS onthe ,"*V -->*!» as_ B'ift. Rth p. 728. Mlion^ of which more elfewhere. Let us now fee what Monk faid again of it in a Letter he wrote to fome of his own Countrymen in the JVeft^ who had addreft him for the Reftitution df the feduded Members i wherein he told them. He coud not do ity becaufe it was not ordy contrary to hh ewn frequent Declarations^ but direBIy oppojite to the Interefl of a Commonwealth : A 'Thing not to be done by him^ or born by them^ it being a total Reverjtng of all that had been done for the lafl twelve Tears in Eng- land, Scotland, and Ireland, and tending to charge the Nation with aU the Blood that had been fhed during that time. What follows, proves his being that good Churchman, which Dr. Webfier^ and the other Doftors declare he was. It would unfettle the Pojjejfton of Deans ^ Chapters^ Delinquents^ Crown and Rebels Lands. The Rebels in General Monk*s Letters are the Cavaliers, In the Earl of Clarendon^s Hiftory, the Roundheads are the Rebels. So much do thofe two Friends differ in their way of thinking and fpeaking on this Subjeft. "Jnfine, fays General Monk^ if we jhould fuffer Monarchy to return amongft us after fo long a Fruition of a Com- monwealth, we Jhould be driven to a worfe Condition than ever^ and put paft all hopes of appearing to de^ fend our Liberty any more. And that thi5 Opinion of his might be taken notice of, he caufed it to be printed and publifli'd. Ludlow^ p, 812. . This very feafonableVtBoryy \t \s Lambert* sixxv- reindring himfelf to Ligoldsby^ that's the Vi^ory, for there was no fighting, IVhitlp, 701. Lambert would not fight. Again, there was no fighting : but becaufe Ingoldsby^ one of the Murderers of the King, had given himfelf to Monk, for which, in* ftead of being hang'd, he was made a Knight of ItheBath at the Coronation of King Charles Ih Ijihis no fighting jsu a /I'lJfi^r/. ■J d*. He fffftory of the Rebellion. J27 He fmaJ mfiMn of Quality and Imerefi in-v^,. ,.4. chnd to call ,n the King, Out upon fuch Condition, as ^ mujlbe very ungrateful, if pojftble to h received ; fuch as King aarles the Firft»s Cooceffions at the I/Ie of Wight which were no doubt ungfateful enough but fo poffible to be receiv'd. that they were S fented to by the King himfelf ; and King Charles II. Z^l -TVI * ^°"^'"«n to "fi^fe any Conceflions. provided he could come at the Crown, and his Followers to the Offices for which they had fo long and ^fo impatiently waited. £«^Awo informs «"*Lu r • '?*' r^^ ^°^ <^''"'"g '« the Lords who fate in the Year 1648 ; that they, together with the Commons, might enter into a Treaty with the King for a future Eftabliihment : But Monk being earneftly defirous to bring back the „ King without any Conditions, in hopes thereby ^"S- ^9- to procure a Recompence equal to the greatnefs ot his Treachery, prevented the Succefs of that rropolition. How well this agrees with what he lelU us Monk faid juft before to Sir Arthur Ha- ielrigge and others ? / do here proteft to you. in the o » Prefence of all thefe Gentlemen, that I will oppofe to *^' "*'* the titmofi, the fetting up of Charles Stuart, afingk Perfm or a Houfe of Peers. He then expoftulated with them touching their Sufpicions : iVhat is it 1 have done in bringing the fsdiided Members into the Houft ? Are they not the fame that brought the Kin^t Head to the Block? tho' others cut of his Head and thatjuflly too. Not a Word of this in the Hiftory of the Rebellion, nor in the three Doftors Hiftory of this Duke. Neither do we any where find that Cardinal Mazarine ofler'd to make Lockharf a Scots Presbyterian, a Marftal of FrMce, but in the Earl's Hiftory. Sir Charles Coot, "who tuas Prejident of Connaught was a Man the Marquifs of Or mond by Sir Charier Coot ^ ap- "^^ pears plainly to be his Lordfhi^'s own Writing; for Cow could not call the Enemies to theP^rlra*- P*§- 755'ment the fober Party : 7he prefim P^werrentoifedall the fober Menfmn the Government of -the Stare^ and fut Ludlow, Corbet, &c, in their Plates. Would •3iot one thipk this fame General Ludlota^ ^^ Mr. Corl;et^ were a couple of ranting, drunken, raking Fellows ? w\iereas there were nor two Men of more fober Principles and Pradices in the three Kingdoms, excepting that they wei'e errartc Commonwealths-Men,- and Sobriety does not confift with any thing that's Riepublickn. The SpiDtanSy Athenians, the Carthaginians, and the old Romans, were all Madmen. Now it happens un- luckily that we have Ltt^/ou;V Memoir^ before us, «nd. he- affures us, the Officers he turn'd out were piiltyof habitvallmmornlities, and muft of them de-^ hauchl in their Principles. I really believ'd that tfia Mer Nkn fpoken of in Coxit^$ Letter, wfere fach £ fore •^ titfioPy^f tht^^t tit to ^. 2»« fort of Perfons before I examin'd i«.//«„'s ,.- ry ot rte Rebellion is slmoft alwavs the O. Jiifi Cef t^fh % ''' ''1 P""cipS a'nd g?^,t r^nemies to the-Punty of Religion and r iA. / fear'd incorrigikle ; the W mL ^^n b Cot Ference wrh General Ludlov,, ■ ,baut he £m^ M^rvattmoftU Parliamem all that fZiL ^m^ntn^ Arbitrary Defi^„s Jo I v:Hlcmi^eto'l% S^Mldiappen to prevail, the Englift htZfl S ^ /*^/i. Ireland, and thelufhreftl'd totZLS The Parliamenc which brought in the Kin* £dt theG^anS^fc,^,^"'^'^' '^' ^''^' Share he naam the larand Rebellion, as the Earl of rz, mnmud thancmurr'd v^hh thm ; whereas in eve.^ thing but the Tryal and Death of the Kin? hj micurr d as heart.ly as any Member of the Houfe of Commons, and was afterwards a Member of wiS^h^ r f ^-\Ufurpation. He co Wd Sr r ^ Cf aiiers m the E/ex InfurrcdHon. nnder Gonng, Lucas, Lifte, Sec. and being reduced by that Party, they turn'd his Lady o?t of S fnZ ' v"™ u'l'^'y^ ™'" '^ ''' ^n'i cairy'd away andbrokeailtheGocds,^^«/.^.3ic)^3^j The ^it'* Z 2 0,i^. ii-A 2^ sm REMARKS o»rk / Difguifes in this Hiftory are as thin as they arc . unneceffary. Sir Har bottle Grimfton was never afliam'd of his being for taking Arms againft Dc- ' linquents and ill Jv^nifters, in defence of the Pec-; pies juft Rights and Liberties. He was weary of; the Ufurpations and Variations of Government,^ from the Deftruftion of the Commonwealth, to the Meeting of this Parliament. The moft mate-^ rial and ealy way to a Settlement, was to reftore ■ the old £»^//ji& Conftitution, and accordingly he, was very zealous for the Reftoration of the King. ^ Col. Ingoldsby W2is one of the King's Judges, and ^ fign'd a Warrant for his Execution ; yet becaufe he joyn d with Monk, and facrific'd his old Friends to his new ones, fome Excufe is found for him by the Earl of Carendon, and told with Angular Gra- vity : He was only named among thejudges of the King, he never once fate ^ he abhorr'd theABion, and Crom- well wrote his Name to the Warrant without his Con- fent, Hift. Rcb. p. 7^3- The Archdeacon of Stonu^ m his Hiltory of England,^. (554, affures us. Col. Ingold^by aSlually fate and ajjtfted as ajudge, A. IVood^ p. 77. affirms. He was frefent and flood up as con- fenting when Sentence pafs'd for beheading the King^ and he afterwards fet his Hand to the Warrant for his Execution, The Earl of Oarendon, on the contrary, as direft as ArBick and AntarSiick, affures us, He was never once prefent, p. 76s. and did not fet his Hand to the Warrant, p. ib. The Faft is, for ta- king Lambert Prifoner, whom thefe Gentlemen ftood in mortal Fear of, he was pardon d and made a Knight of the -B^^^. ' P«S- 758- ' The abovementionM Archdeacon writes^ thus ; 'Tis juftly believ'd, that during the King s Stay -at Fonterabia^ he embraced the Religion of the Church ^'^/Rome:'' But Father Huddlefton, who gave him Extreme Un^ion at his Death, infinuates, time his Converfion to Popery was as early as a little « cc Paar. ib. ^:.; Hiftory ^ /^^ R e b e l l i o k. 541^ after the Battle of Worcefter-^ and about a Year af-P. '051. ter he had thrice moft folemnly and religioufly fwom to the Presbyterian Covenant. The Earl of Clarendon could not be a Stranger to this Conver- fion; and the Lord St. John offcr'd in the Houfe of Commons^ to prove that the Earl own'd the KingV^g, ib. 'i^as a Papift; yet pray obferve how his Lordfliip freaks of this Parliament's Addrefs to him atBreda : cc ^e look up to the Great King of Kings, and ^^ blefs his Name, who hath put thefe Thoughts Pag. 844. • ^ . into the Heart of our King, and the Support ^^ which he hath given to your Heroick and Prince- ^^ iy Mind, makes it appear to all the World, that ^. you are precious in his Sight ; and we have yet ^ ^ more Caufe to enlarge our Praife and our Pray- ers to God for your Majefty, that you have continued unfliaken in your Faith ; that neither J o "^P^^^^^° ^^ Allurements, Perfuafions, and Promifes from the feducing Papift on one hand, nor the Perfecution and hard Ufage from fome reduced mifguided Profeflbrs of the Pro- teftant Religion on the other hand, could at all prevail on Your Majefty, to make you forfake the Rock of Ifrael, the God of vour Fathers, and the true Proteftant Religion, 'in which your Majefty hath been bred ; but You have ftill been as a Rock your felf, firm to Your Covenant with Your and our God, even now expreflinfy Your Zeal and Affeftion for phe Proteftant Religioni and your Care and Study for the Propagation thereof. This hath been a Rejoycing of Heart to all the Faithful of the Land, and an Affu- ^^ ranee to them that God would not forfake You ; J but after many Tryals, which fliould but make ^^ You more precious, as Gold out of the Fire> . would reftore Your Majefty." One may defy all Readers to produce a PafTage which is more f^resbyterian than this ; yet his Lordfliip informs us^ Z5 the fo-*n Charles I. Contrives to raife a New War, 220. His Sincerity, 221. Praifes the Covenant, 231. Agrees ? to aholiih Epifcopacy, 231. The Cavaliers the V^ufeof his Death, 240. Bn Magnanimity, 122. Wife K-v rN D E X. Wife ^and Gracious, 1-^6. Buys Peace of "tbe'rw/j Rebels 152, Illadvrfed,253. Takes the War on ,^ himrelf,2 54. HI Counfellors his Ruin, 2^0. Ob- iimate 251. A great Divine, 2^2. Thtee Opinions about him, 169. Better belovM than Oueen^Z/2;;i- hetb, ^^o'E^r\ of CV«r ^9^' What Sir Kicbard JVtllis faidx)f reftoriog him, 301. What Ui- zarine faid of his Counfcllors, 302. Why he left France, 31c. What the Fofe faid of him, ik Not reftor'd by the Royalifts, 329. Turns Panift before the Reltoration, 330. His Excellent Government. 333- . Abjured by Monky 334. Reftored by thePres- JaTT^' 535. Parliament that reftor'd him, their « n^ J 541. His Sincerity, 340, 341, 342. A rapiit, tb. Cbeynel, Dr. his Conference with Mr. CbiUinraortb a- bout the Civil War, 161. Chilltngzvortb, Mr. praifes the Parliament Army, 161, Is an Engineer, 155. What he faid of the Five > Members, 158. f:burcb, what it is, according to Lord Qarendon, and o- -thers, 19. Again, 178. ^And again, 335. Clawickard, Marquifs, his Noble Memoirs recommend- ed, ;o5. Clarendon^ Lord, flatters the Duke of Buchngbam, 5. Out about Overhury, ib. And the Parliament, 6. And King ^ames the. Firft's being poifon'd, 7. A- gainft KingCW/ej*s Firft Parliament, 10. Gontra- - 4iias Wbitkckcy tb, 7. And Wtlfon, 10. And fVbit- locJzeiiga\r\, ih. Owns many Grievances, 11. Mifre- prefents the Times, 12. Contradiiflion, 12, 15. Tlie Pccafion of it, ih, Mifreprefentation, th. Againtt ^ the Lord Keeper miUams, 14. Again, 28. Wrong, #i^* 15, 1^. And in Praife of Laud, 16, 7. Contra- , 4ift^ Archbi/hop y^Z'/'o^ 1 7, and Wbltlocke,i%, His fine r-.r (f ■•M»^:s .t T. IN DTaX. fine Saying of the Pafllaoaent 1640, ic. The Foun- dationof the Hiftory, /^. Contradias Dr. Calamy, 22. And Sir Benjamin Rudy ard, zi. And Sit Har- ^hottleGrimJlone, 23. And ?^i,/>/oc>&e,2 5. His Account of the Beauty of Holinefs, ih. 24. And of the Refor- inatJon,24. Of Archbi/hop ^Z»W, not true, 25, z6. ^ Contradiaed by ^. Wood, 2 5. id. Againft the Popu- lar Preachers, 27. Hxb Account of Devotion, 27. C;ontradiasBi/hopH^crK2 8. Againft Queen £//- i&aheth 28, 2p Contradias the Scots Hiiiorians, z9, ,.,32. Andhimfelf,;!. And all Hiftories, 33. The TeryReverfe to Whithcke, 3d, 37. He minces Mat- ^f'^jfll^^^^'^"^^^'^^''^'^^^''^- And himfelf, 40. ^^ W ^f'^^'^^^* 41. And l«r//ow, 42. And the Scots Hiftorians43. His Speech againft Lord ^rr^/orr/, 45. Contradias himfelf, 48. And Dr. C^/«m^, 52. And ^Wbitlocke.r,. AndDr.Calamy^gtiir),^e. Of the Church, 57. Contradias ^J'Woc/^e, 57. Againft Lo«- t''-' ^^' I ^M?^'"^'^'*^!; ^-^'>^«*^^^ <^o. Againft the Triennial Bill, 61. Contradias Bi/hop H^c/^er, (J4 69' And L«^/ow and Wbitlocke, 6^. J^hitlocke again! 1 1 / »^ ^^m^elf, 72, 73. And all Hiftories, 75. ,,A.Tid Ludlow,i6. And Wbitlocke, -n. AndWbit^ /oc^ again, 79. And again, 8r. His Orthodox and Schifmaticks, 82. Contradias himfelf, 83. Vilifies Mr. /ffl»a/>^e», 84. Contradias other Hifiorics 85 Irregular in Parliament, S6. His very fmpartiarAc* count of the King^s Party, 89. Contradias IVbtt^ Me, 90. And the Parliament, 91, 95. Hiftoryof Mrs. Fenn, ib. Contradias Wbitlocke, 93. And himfelf, iL And Wbttlocke, 94. And Ludlou^, ib. And himfelf, 98. His Mob and his Gentry, loc. ContradiaRhimfel^ioo. And Ludlow and Wbhlockc, lb. Charg d with Tyranny by Lord JD/(r/,y, 10 1 . His handfome Account of the Aflembly of Djvines, 102. Contradias OW &c. 103. Pleafant, ik Contra- dias the Lord Keeper Lktleton, 105. . Proves Re- fiftancc to be lawful, xo6. Contradias the Parlia- ment, 107. And Ludlow, 108. Excepted in the In- aemmty,i09. Contradias ?K^ir/or>&e, ib. and him# fflf, tk 112. A Delinquenr, ik Contradias Lud- iw, 112, 117. and other Hiftories, 121. Mufters the INDEX the Parliament Army,' 123. Contradifts Wbitloc^e, •t- A true Paffage, 124. Contrary to hoikau, 127. .Out m the firft Aaion of the War, 128. and in all the reft, ih. Contrary to Ludlow, ik Long Periods ??^ji_i^^ f^® ^'"^'^ rich Guard, 130. Fair and Credible, 16. Direaiy contrary to Ludlow, 151. and Wbitlocke^ ib. and to both again, 1 32. and to Rujhwortb, 137. To all Hiftory, 1 5 9. To Wbitloche,. 140. Vilifies Mr. jy«>»f. 195. What he fay. of that Mow J Death ,i, Re^fon ^^.j Polieicks^ao.. Contrary .o?rt/./»£^e,.ptf, 19 7, ip8,^o,. ^ ^^^ His fine Aciwunt 0+ Mr. £<.w'« Djath, wz ^ov Quue contrary to Catamy, 303, ;t. Exauifi.c, -,05; Direaiy contrary to yl. Wooi, 505, 509. The Since- my, »t. About fi«reio«e's Parliament, 507 to8 -vConftary to W^/.^^^*. jop, 5.5. J, for'fran Jbg' Ae Judges and Sheriff, 5,1. What he values Men for ^13. Contrarytox^W,5,5. rolVhitloch,',t^\ JJO. S.mpleand incredible, 317. His Account of -^-General B/«^e, 519. Quite contrary to WhitUcke 5»o, J27,3i9. Enriinentlyfincere, 32,. Dec6rum' 3»^r/»)«, fiarlof, niurder'd on a Scaffold in «oldBI6od, l^&viV& Work, who did it, 23. His Health drank in ^merfetjhirey 2 3.3« pevorifoff, whH it is, a?* Biohy^ Lord, his Speech againft the Earl of Strafford^ f,i^^ And Grievances, 97* Offers to murder the nve *oMcnlbers, 92. His Treachery, 97, Chai-ges the Earl of C/», 343. fi, E. EHzahetb ^Qnetn, fpoken againft by Lord Clarendon, %S. )Sngland, loft, 20a. Found, and made the World's Envy, by K. Charles IL 344. Efifcopacy, Primitive, the Presbyterians for it, 15^, 335». St. Pakl\ and the Fofe% 160, Laud\ ib. Effex, Earl of, his brave Saying, 147. F. i^air/jx. General, curs'dbythe Parliament, 197- H«s no Eyes, 235. He has Eyes, 23^. Murders Sir ''Shades Lucas, 250. ^^^^' 1 1^ D E X. Falkland^ Lord, his Speech agamft Laud^ 49. And the Bi/hop8, <^5. Hi« Saying of tbe Wac, 149. Feltofty Dr. a great Jadge of Impartial Hiftory, 183. f/eewoo. Callows^ the beft Argument on one fide, 203* Again, i3s^si3l Imfudefice^ 258. *^ '\ Jndefendents^ what Name^ the Earl calls them, icp* Arch-Bi/hop U/^er one, according to Baxter^ zio. More Names, 232. Their loyal Addrefa to ,thc King in Exile, 321. ^ ^ Ingoldshy*s Regiment, Addrefs firft for the King's Trial, 2^2. His Viaory, ^^6. Made Knight of. the Batb^ ib. Earl of C/«re«fibo^ox, who are only fo, 113. ^ r O^iford Counfels full of Diftraaion, 193- Counfellors treat the King ill, 205. Convocation vote the Cove* nant illegal, wicked, and perjur'd, 215. Library deftroy'd by the Cavaliers, 235. Univerfity prpmife toftand by the Parliament, 128. Send their Plate to the King, 'th. Lord there, Politick, 151. f^ck of Hounds, the Names of them, 225^. Pack, i^* 1X4* J^h Another Tl^ff* I N D EX. Faplfls, in the Parliament Service, ii(J. Again, 130. Farliament'Colonelsy Tinkers, 155. Five that are not Farltatnenty laft of K. ^ames and firft of K. Cljarks, mif- 'r jjeprefcnted by Lord Clarendon, d, ic. ]^jfr/liament i540, a Pidure of them by Lord Claretjdon, > 20, 4<^. Caird Rebels, 49- Trickfters, 58, 64.. Charged with Blood, 7^. Saucy, 78. DifordeHy, ^jffS* Leaders are Rafcals, ih. Illiterate and Schif- matical, 81. Knaves and Fools, 83. Lyars, Block- heads and Idiots, 87. And again, 99. Began the War with a Dinner, 104. Their Barbarity, 16/^. Blood«thirfty, 170. A Scandal to the Chriftian Re- ligion, 179. Vote againft the Creed, i8c. A Pack ofKnayes again, 1^6, Pickpockets, i^c. 188. Curfe their Army, 197. Mifs a good Opportunity, 207. Coward?, 214. Tyrants, i/>. Hereticks, «/». Libe.- tines, ib» ComparM to a Kennel of Hounds, 215. Prais'd by the Earl, 220. A Kennel of Hounds a- gain, 229. Knaves and Fools, 123. Mifreprefented, 133. All they did, irregular and unju{^, 135. Their Charadler by L«r^/(?w, ib. Vindicated, 138. Afraid of the Earl oi Holland, 248. Force put upon them, by the Soldiers, 2^7. Tarliament,. Ritmf^ afraid of the Scots, 271. Blood- thirfty, ik Praii'd by tAonh, 327. Farfons, two Presbyterian, 179. Fajfage, remarkable one, 222, 223, 224. A fine one, "»'r24. A pregnant one, 257. Another, 2(^4. Taffive Obedience, banter'd by the Lprd Clarendon, 106. Fembroh, Earl of, his Dialogue with Mr. Hyde, 186. Feriods, round, 80. Flot, Presbyterian and Pop ifli, 284. Fiety, what it is, x8. Places, good or bad, according to the Party, 134, 253. FoUticks, falfe, 174. Extraordinary, 151. Pow/ret-C^j^/e, ftands high, 253. Fope, what he faid of King Charles II. 310. Fresbyterians, in a Plot with the Papift?, 208, 211. Parfons govern Mens Wives, 233- Have good Lungs, 237. Blafphemous, 125. Are for Abfolutior, 134. Gompar'd to Mafiiff-Dogs, 255- Common All^a- tlonsfor thero,^2 5^. A a 3 Fie^ ^^ INDEX. Tfttefiee^ under ^ a ufeful Term, lofP ^uoijjoBiim jpre«r/fe;, Gentlemen, 521. i/liaBftll 81? Principles, Englifi, Inftances of their good Effe£^, 174. Trofhecy in the Lord Clarendon*s Hiftory, 19. frptefiation, Presbyterians againft the King's Dea'th,2(^p. Froteftants^ rare oijes, in King Charles the Firft's Time, Prj'wwe, wrongfully puni/h'd, 55. Vcrfes on him, 54. Turitans^ Blood-thirfty, 170. - n 'iri^ .3 .A-r^a?, J'jw, Mr. his Speech of Grievances, 44. Of thd^Jfif- tice of the Parliament, 158. How bandfom^W Ae Earl ufes him, 155. -^^ i\^A: : .fmZ Quality Ladies, follow the King's Camp, 102* Cathe from Irelandy ib. ^ •' * At«i«^i-; ^ee«'s Letters to the King, printed, 200. Govern^ the King, 201. For the Presbyterians, 283. ' X i r Rainshorougb, Col. his Murder juftified, 25 j, 252, Reaforty no Shadow of ir, 255. i adt /. t^^^ a^M?/ Rebellion^ Grand, prov'd np Rebellion by the Lor4 Clarendon^ 105,107. i .tCJl ,»5-»o$4i'^ Rebels, the Cavaliers fo called by 2Wo«>&, 35(5'^ -tvZ Rebels^ the Parliament fo called, 49; o'lw ,^^*/ ^ RefiibUcans, all Presbyterians, 2 5 (J. ll^/i^io», how fomedefcribe it, 284. -<^?^ '^R€0aftce, proved to be lawful in the Hlftory of the Rebellion, ic6, Juftified by King Charles the Se^ cond*s i/e^<^ Parliament, 170. By common Senfe, 2ip, aoJ y ■ Rejioratwn, by the. Presbyterians, 258. Ktght and Reafon inverted, 149. Retelathn, new, where it is, 26^, Richard, miferable, who he was, 326^. , Rowa« CarW/Vi^, better than fome Prof^/i«r/, 31^, ^ Rofelli, Cardinal, his Treaty with Laud, 1^6. ^ lioftt better than Vi^lory, 2P4. 'R&yaVfts, invincible, 244, £5fc. Bewitch 'd 248, 249. How well they lov'd the King, 2^2. Their Piety. oft^i #* '^« Opinion of thep in Frmne^ a^j. Their r N D E X. miraculous Qualities, $02. Their DIfltefs, 314, 318. CJndelrftand Trade, 317. For wKat they are ^^^ Stigmatized, 320. Forge an Addrefs, 322, HeJp'd - very little to reftore the King, 329. The Sober «sJ?^4y^'^f Sir jBe«;«w/», his Speejb about the 9^fi^'^* Sacrilege, what it is, 19 1 . .1 iSay, LokI, his Wrong Charafter, 68, Q^hifm-Billy contrived by good Heads, 334. Scotland, Church of, much obliged to hotAQlartttdtn^ 24, Nafty, 284. -^'^1*^1 S(ots^ how they fold the King, 213. Defpifed by Crow - : we//, 240. Praifed by the Earl, 286. Scripture^ what it fays of Presbyters and fiifhops, 25^. ^Seeking of God, the Earl o{ Clarendon's great Jeft, 17^/ Unknown to the Cavaliers, ik 145, aip, 217, 34, iyOf *P4, 331- Sermons, Presbyterians, a Sin againft the Holy Gho0, 127. Sham- Plot s^ the Lord Clarendon^a^ 289, Again, 333. r Skiff on^ General, his Bravery, id8. Sihthorp, Dr. his Divinity, 228. Singers, Pfalm, who they were, i6o» Sober "Men, who they were, 88. How they thought,i7 5, 152, ^63, 318. None Republicans, 358. Cava- liers, ;39. Somerjet Coanty, their One and All Petition, 189. A^ gain, 195. , Sfotfwood^ Sir Robert, a wife Scotfman, ^12, 277, Star-Cbamber Court praifed, 7 5. Sfurjiow^ Dr. what a fierce Man he was, 257. Spirit, Englijh^ is Infolence, 283. Stawel, Sir John^ his One and All, 190. His Aflions, 119. .Sr^te, Minifters of, in the Moon, 310. Strafford, Earl of, no Saint, 19. Earl oi Clarendon and Lord Digby's Speeches againft him, 47, 95. Hit ^ TreafonabJeAdvice, 50. His Speech of Grievdnce«,97. ^^ii^jfarr. Dr. againft foreign Protcftapts, 279. thijSubJlantieU Men^^iX on the King's Side, laf, 137, 141, IHDBX. Spiffs Go^d^ Crom7aeH\ 517. Sydney^ Al^^rnony who like him, lo^^ . Tahle, Communiofty why remov'd 27. aijd Rail'd iri, 1%, Teri^, Pemoo» andTi///er/*s Ghoft, 14. texts of Scripture, how abufed, 125. Ihurloe^ Secretary, a great Fool, 315. u Ttllotforty Arch-Bi/hop, againft Derraaion, 253. - ,11 Tiwc/, Happy, 12. Confufcd, a Sign of it, 257. Mo!^ ' happy ones, 353. Tfiwvfendy Sir Horatio^ his good Charafler, 328. ^^ Trooper y General Heetwood one ^ i2p. V. VaffCy Sir Henry, mlfreprefent^d, z^^, Abus'd «2k BU C\^iiraa^t by Ludiovf, ih. Vfifin, Mrs. her Hiftory, pi. Vttfory^ In^aldslyiy 3 3 (J. VerfesQn Prynnfy ^^, U«rtK/w/fj,Inftances of it, 285. Vilhmes, m9f(iy^ 38(^. • Vnherjities foreign, defpis'd, 113. rb;cc5, ill ones, 145. Towe/, the School-mafter, his Magnanimity, 30^. Vfier, Arch-Bifhop, an Independent, according to Baxter^ 210. UxiWi/^e Treaty, contrary to the Faft, i7P,&/e/^. W. r^r,C,vil, who began it, 95, i2(?. How denounced by thcParliamenr, 115. Juflified by Mr. aiUimwQrth. i5t.LordFa/&«rf's Saying of it, 149. Different from all Wars, ;^. Begun by the King, 254. Jufti- ned by the Piirliamenr, 335. ^^eai;er, one ordained, 301. ^I^^^T,* ^''' ^^^" *^^''^ Hiflory /hould have be^n pub- lilh.d, 335. Whitford, the Affaffin, his Merit, 2^7, 288. Whthcke difagrees with Lord Clarendon^ ^^ 10. 4«Min ij. HjsMemoriids garbled, 16^. T|^e Lord C/^re«-