Columbia *ts, turves ^L~Wio{ s&Z&^Zz&C -VMsr. Jacobus Hubbard, of Monmouth County, N. J 316 I >r. Jacobus Hubbard Homestead, Monmouth County, N. J 253 1 >r. Joseph Bubbard of Boston. Mass 106 Dr. William Henry Hubbard of Monmouth County, N. J 62 Early Hubbard Settlers Defending Their Families and Firesides 61 Edward Warren Day, Compiler 16 Edwin Bubbard, Genealogist. 16 Elmer Wilcox Hubbard, Lieutenant, U. S. A 96 Exterior and Interior Views of Norwich Cathedral, Norfolk, Eng 35 Pac-Simile of One of Edwin Hubbard's "Ancestral Registers" 198 Fa. -Simile of One of Douglas Hubbard's "Trees" 196 1 a. -Simile of a Letter from Rt. Hon. John Gellibrand Hubbard 22-23 Fairbanks Homestead— Oldest in New England 46 First Congregational Church of Middletown, Ct 273 First Meeting House of Middletown, Ct 271 ILLUSTRATIONS. 7 Gardiner Greene of Boston, Mass 193 Gardiner Greene Hubbard, LL. D. , Washington, D. C 338 General James Hubbard of Salisbury, Ct 452 General George Washington 124 General Thomas Hamlin Hubbard, New York City 178 George David Read Hubbard of Brooklyn, N. Y 439 George Hubbard Homestead at Guilford, Ct 260 Governor Henry Hubbard of Charlestown, N. H 345 Governor John Hubbard of Hallowell, Maine 88 Governor Lucius Frederick Hubbard of Red Wing, Minnesota 177 Governor Richard Bennet Hubbard of Texas 84 Governor Richard Dudley Hubbard of Hartford, Ct 159 Group of Twenty-five Hubbards 397 Gurdon Saltonstall Hubbard of Chicago 329 Guy Homer Hubbard, Brooklyn, N. Y 445 Harlan Page Hubbard, Publisher 16 Harriet (Hubbard) Day, with Autograph Dedication 3 Henry Eugene Hubbard of Dansville, N. Y 411 Henry Griswold Hubbard of Middletown, Ct 309 Howard Hubbard of Maryland 346 Hubba Stone Priory, Hubbaston, England 25 Hubbard Free Library at Hallowell, Me 447 Hubbard Homestead (" Hubbard's Inn ") at Hatfield, Mass 241 Hubbard's Newspaper and Bank Directory of the World 407 James Hubbard of Mapleton, Ind. — A Centenarian 435 Jeremiah Hubbard of Middletown, Ct 305 Joel Douglas Hubbard, M. C, of Versailles, Mo 316 John Erastus Hubbard, Montpelier, Vt 441 John Henry Hubbard, M. C, Litchfield, Ct 331 Jonathan Hatch Hubbard, M. C, of Windsor, Vt 316 Joshua Roberts Hubbard, South Berwick, Me 105 Katherine Eggleston Hubbard of Dansville, N. Y 411 Kellogg-Hubbard Library Building, Montpelier, Vt 441 Landing of Hubba and Hingua on the Shores of Northumbria 21 Lemuel Hubbard of Maryland 346 Leverett Marsden Hubbard (ex-Sec'y of State) of Wallingford, Ct 160 Lewis Hubbard of Sandisfield, Mass., and Leroy, N, Y 285 Luther Prescott Hubbard of Greenwich, Ct 385 Martha (Coit-Hubbard) Greene of New London, Ct., and Boston, Mass 51 Mary (Greene) Hubbard of Boston, Mass 52 Mary Porter Hubbard of Middletown, Ct 262 HUBBARD HISTORY AND GENEALOGY. illustrations-Continued. Pa ^ es Memorial Tablet in the Old Hobart Church 152 Mrs Augustus Phillips (Anna Bubbard), of Ithaca, N. Y 262 Mrs. Chauncey Wetmore (Rebecca Hubbard), of Middletown, Ct 262 Mrs. ( lolman 3. Hubbard and Her Youngest Grandchildren 409 Mrs. Josiah Meigs Hubbard (Sarah Sill Hubbard), of Middletown, Ct 262 Mrs. Beth S. Ball (Phoebe Hubbard), of Middletown. Ct 262 Mrs. Uriah Hayden (Martha Hubbard), of Essex, Ct 262 Nebraska Bubbard Homestead 434 Nehemiah Hubbard of Middletown, Ct 141 Nehemiah Hubbard Homestead (Two Views) at Long Hill, Ct 254 Norse Galley in King Hubba's Fleet 19 Old Dutch Hubbard Bible, Owned by Dr. Chas. Hubbard, Brooklyn 206 Old Hubbard Bible (Two Views) Owned by Rev. George Henry Hubbard 209 Old Hubbard Chest, Guilford, Ct 395 Old Hobart Church at Hingham, Mass 150 Philip Hubbard Homestead and Estate, Three Views, at Kittery, Me 115 Philip Hubbard Garrison House at Kittery, Me 253 Phineas Hubbard of Cambridge, Mass 352 Prof. John Hubbard of Dartmouth College 369 Queen Elizabeth of England 211 Rev Bela Hubbard, D.D., New Haven, Ct 351 Rev. George Henr}' Hubbard of Foo Chow, China 369 Rev. George Warren Gardner, D. D., of New London, N. H 443 Rev. Thomas Swan Hubbard of Stockbridg-e, Vt 316 Rev. Warren Calhoun Hubbard of Rochester, N. Y 219 S imuel Birdsey Hubbard of Jacksonville, Fla 321 Samuel Brigham Hubbard of Holden, Mass 352 Samuel Dickinson Hubbard of Middletown, Ct opposite 288 Samuel Dickinson Hubbard Old Homestead at Middletown, Ct 252 Samuel Hubbard, LL. D., Boston, Mass 337 Silas i J raves Hubbard of Hatfield, Mass 352 Six Hubbard Sisters of Middletown, Ct 262 Statue of Governor Richard Dudley Hubbard, Hartford, Ct 87 Stella Laura Hubbard, West Haven, Ct 363 Theodore Sedgwick Hubbard of Geneva, N. Y 70 Thomas Greene of Boston, Mass 51 Thomas Hubbard, Treasurer Harvard College 95 Thomas Hill Hubbard, M. C, Utica, N. Y 313 Thomas Rumbold Hubbard of Maryland 346 Three Hubbard Books 405 Villaue Green at Guilford, Ct.— Old Cemetery Site 204 Walter Hubbard of Meriden, Ct 310 Wilbur Watson Hubbard of Maryland 346 William Arthur Hubbard of Dansville, N. Y 411 William Gilmer Hubbard of Columbus, Ohio 399 William Henry Hubbard of Duluth, Minn 293 William Lemuel Hubbard of Maryland 346 William Penn Nixon, Chicago, 111 387 f)/nPlJMENTS "Nothing without labor. To my Hubbard Kinsfolk : For many years I have been of the opinion that there was sufficient material and data in regard to our family in general, which if properly compiled would make a very interesting volume and add to the history of our country and its records. Some years ago I was urged by the late Edwin Hubbard, as well as Douglas Hubbard, to aid in publishing a Hubbard Genealogy, but I was firmly convinced, upon examination (and I am much more so now), that while what they had done was most excellent, that it did not go far enough to be broad, comprehensive and satisfactory to all the branches. However, it is largely due to their patient work in exciting an interest in keeping records which makes this book possible to-day. A letter from each, to the publisher, after they had passed " three score and ten," will be found under miscellaneous on page 401, and both show that they felt the incompleteness of their work. A bright, intelligent man, loyal to the memory of his Hubbard mother, was, however, already grown, who stood ready to pick up the broken fragments and cement them, with other data, together into presentable shape. I refer to Mr. Edward Warren Day, who modestly insists that his title shall be simply " compiler." Fully as much credit is due to him as to any one else, if not more, and I am sure that the army of Hubbards, of all " clans " and " tribes," will not be slow in according it to him. I have known of the careful and painstaking work which he has given to all of the lines, taking up the broken and incomplete chains of Edwin and Douglas (with their forty years work) at their death a few years ago spending his time and money freely, traveling and buying records 9 IO HUBBARD HISTORY AND GENEALOGY. from t<>\vn, parish and probate clerks and other sources; and I have i marveled at his patience and perseverance in untangling the mixed threads, and keeping straight the mountains of dates and names. When I had the opportunity, as a publisher of experience, of inspect- ing the mass of highly interesting and instructive manuscript which Mr. Day had prepared, in addition to the genealogical part, I felt sure that the time had come to perpetuate it, and give to our family a record of which all will be proud. Here it is, not " absolutely perfect " perhaps, for we are only human, but it is from the best possible obtainable records. The book is of ne- sitya good deal like a good huckleberry pie, in that it will be found full of good huckleberries and with but little crust. Interesting matter kept coming up to the time of going to press, so that it has increased the size of the book, by at least ioo pages, over what I anticipated. Hence an increase of cost to me; hence the increase of price to all who did not order in advance of publication. As publisher, I have spared neither labor nor expense to produce a book of highest grade and quality, as well as profuseness of illustration and general mechanical excellence. I am proud of its appearance and believe all other members of the "tribe" will be pleased with it. If so, should like to hear from you, saying how much you are pleased. I know that it is the part of a host who is entertaining a distinguished company to see that the guests are properly introduced and grouped. What is true in a social gathering is true in such an eclectic book as this. Therefore I take pleasure in introducing all the Hubbardsto each other, through this choicest mosaic history of one thousand years. With kindest regards to each and all, I am, Yours very trulv. Descended from GEORGE of MIDDLETOWN. 38 Times Building, 41 Park Row, New York City. Where " the latch string " is always out. — — SPECIAL NOTICE. The price ot this "Hubbard History and Genealogy," after publication (by express at purchaser's ■ . is : Bound in Embossed Cloth $10.00 " Turkey Morocco Leather (back and cover) i 5 .oo Full Russia Leather (embossed) 20.00 The above are printed on the finest super calendered paper. \;i hdttion but the chronologist must always abide in the domain of prosaic facts, a prey ever for the watchful, ambushed critic, who mercilessly trips him at every opportunity, and with malignant joy points out his errors. Verily there are but few roses, yet many thorns encountered in the genealogist's path. Volunteers to assist in such labors are few, finan- cial donators still more scarce (philanthropists donate to libraries, not to the makers of libraries), and the votary must comfort himself with the solacing thought that " the reward of good works is like dates — sweet, and ripening late." EDWARD WARREN DAY- As it is the commendation of a good huntsman to find game in a ride wood, so it is no imputa- tion if he hath not caught all— Plato. THE compiler of this volume claims not that it is a Hubbard Geneal- ogyper se. It is, to be more exact a compendium, or Hubbard Hand- book. A genealogy, pure and simple, of all Hubbard lines, completed to date, would rival Webster's Dictionary in both size and expense. Such a volume will never be compiled. The obstacles are too great. Descendants will not answer letters, promptly or at all, furnish neces- sary data, or subscribe freely to the^e enterprises, so something less must we fain be content with. It is hard to stir the stagnant pools of genealogical indifference into a boiling enthusiasm. Better talent should have been secured to concrete these historical and genealogical scraps, but volunteers do not materialize. The mantles of Edwin Hubbard and Douglas Hubbard (veteran and painstaking genealogists) seem to have fallen to the ground. Both died very poor. They lived not long enough to enjoy appreciation or the harvest time. With them genealogy was an applied science, with the writer a diversion only, and he cheerfully admits that without their blazoning marks on the trees in the dense forest of genealogy he would have been many times hope- lessly lost. Beginning with the first ancestor of each line in this country, there are to-day seven or more distinct Hubbard branches. By adding to these the " Hobart " line, the " Hulbard-Hubbard " line, a ''Line of Maryland Hubbards " and the line of "Virginia Hubbards," we have about a dozen lines producing Hubbards to enrich this great Common- wealth. The compiler is in correspondence with representatives of all these lines, and there may be still other lines extant. If so, they have so far escaped his winnowings. It is possible John Hubbard, son of Anthony Hubbard of Dedham, may have a living posterity; also the male children of widow Elizabeth Hubbard of Boston, and the issue of Benjamin Hubbard of Boston, who returned to England and there died, 13 I4 HUBBARD HISTORY AND GENEALOGY. though signs indicate that some of his children came back, possibly Thomas and Richard. This can not yet be positively proven, those surnames being very common among early Hubbard families. It being so easy to become bewildered in tracing genealogical threads, it is hoped the difficulty has been somewhat lessened by interspersing miscellaneous Hubbard matter between different branches. Blank leaves have also been added to permit descendants to take up their lines where the compiler leaves them. The sources of information herein utilized are too numerous to more than briefly mention. A considerable portion came from England, the major portion directly from town clerks' records, probate records and early deeds, and from professional genealogists, a little from published histories, some from Bible and prayer-book registrations, some from tombstone inscriptions and some from "trees" loaned. The compiler would be unmindful of the requirements of gratitude not to herewith record his deep obligations to Robert vSage Griswold, William Henry Hubbard and Hon. Gardiner Greene Hubbard for their loyal support and substantial encouragement. Without their contribu- tions and devotion to this enterprise the volume would have been longer delayed in appearance and less satisfactory in contents. Mr. Griswold is a great grandson of Jeremiah Hubbard (through Bathsheba Hubbard) and also of Constant Griswold, both Revolutionary War par- ticipants. He is a member of the Sons of the American Revolution, a genuine antiquary, and loyal to genealogists, who write to him from every locality, and lives in Cromwell, near Middletown, Ct. Mr. Wil- liam Henry Hubbard is a leading manufacturer of Duluth, Minn, (see Descent Line), a genealogist himself of no small attainments, and has contributed voluminous data to this book. Gardiner Greene Hubbard, President of the National Geographic Society (see Prominent Ameri- can Hubbards), as soon as he became satisfied of the good faith of the enterprise, gave timely financial aid, and personally attended to pro- curing valuable genealogical matter outside of the compiler's reach. Such support can not be overrated or overlooked. Non-contributors of family or ancestral data should not feel disap- pointed if much of their family data should happen to be omitted in this volume, or be printed incorrectly. Over 3,000 Hubbard descend- ants have been invited by circular to contribute their genealogical possessions, yet few have responded. Knowing full well that errors spring up like mushrooms, while truth rises but slowly, the compiler claims only correctness approximately in the contents of this volume. Many dates copied from miscellaneous sources he mistrusts, yet has had no means of verification. PREFACE. i- He also presents his sincere thanks to the following- subscribers for encouragement and data contributed: Mrs. Thomas Scranton Hubbard, Urbana, 111.; Mrs. Lucy Lyman Hubbard, Kenilworth, Ohio; Lieut. Elmer Wilcox Hubbard, U. S. A.; John Gordon Hubbard, Dracut, Mass. ; Hon. Bela Hubbard and Collins Baughmann Hubbard, Detroit, Mich.; Robert James Hubbard, Cazenovia, N. Y.; Frederick Hubbard and Nathan Hobart, New York City; Moses Paul Hubbard and Adol- phus Skinner Hubbard, San Francisco, Cal.; Henry Seward Hubbard, Santa Monica, Cal.; Henry Eugene Hubbard, Dansville, N. Y.; Dr. Charles Hubbard, Brooklyn, N. Y.; Rev. Thomas Swan Hubbard, Stockbridge, Vt; John Barrett Hubbard and Mary Linsley Hubbard, Guilford, Ct.; Dr. George Whipple Hubbard, Nashville, Tenn.; Robert Morris Hubbard, St. Louis, Mo.; Dr. Frank Allen Hubbard, Taun- ton, Mass.; Richard Henry Sylvester, Mrs. Sardis Little Crissey, William Francis Hubbard and Ervin Samuel Hubbard, Washing- ton, D. C; Dr. Chauncey George Hubbard, Hornellsville, and Theo- dore Sedgwick Hubbard, Geneva, N. Y.; John Erastus Hubbard, Montpelier, Vt.; Mrs. Marion Elizabeth Warren and Mrs. Mary Hubbard Flagg, Holden, Mass.; Mrs. Lucy Maria Hubbard Bidwell and Mrs. Mary Anna Hubbard Bunce, Middletown, Ct. (a most loyal supporter); William Matthew Strader, Ashtabula, Ohio (a zealous contributor); Walter Hubbard, Meriden, Ct.; Charles Wells Hubbard, Mrs. Harriette Day Foster and Dr. Joseph Hubbard, Boston, Mass.; Mrs. Samuel Wood, Northboro, Mass.; Phineas Hubbard, Cambridge, Mass.; Miss Emily Rebecca Hough, Meriden, Ct.; Mrs. Deborah Hub- bard Rowland, New Brunswick, N. J.; Mrs. Olive Elizabeth Noyes, South Berwick, Me.; Samuel Henfield Gooch, Newton Centre, Mass.; Hollis Bowman Page, Waverley, Mass.; John Merwin Hubbard, West Haven, Ct.; and Francis Henry Bergen, Staten Island, N. Y. The following professional genealogists have rendered material assist- ance: Horace Eugene Mather, Hartford, Ct.; George Tolman, Concord, Mass.; Emily Wilder Leavitt, Boston, Mass.; Richard Brock, Rich- mond, Va.; Charles Wesley Tibbetts, Dover, N. H.; Sidney Perley and Eben Putnam, Salem, Mass.; Robert Eden, vicar, Wymondham, Eng.; Everard Green, Rouge Dragon, Herald's College, London, Eng., and Edward Salmon, British Museum, London. E. W. D i6 (Descended from George Hubbard of Guilford and Middletown, Ct.) A good name is like precious ointment. It filleth all round about and will not easily away. For the odors of ointments are more durable than flowers— Lord Bacon. THE compiler having received from high English authority (notably from a Member of Parliament, the late Right Hon. John Gelli- brand Hubbard, Baron, the first Lord Addington and Governor-General of the Bank of England) versions unanimously supporting the family traditions regarding the origin of the name HUBBARD, with consider- able confidence presents herewith the following narrative, with its very dramatic climaxes, as the correct source of the name, which name, with its time-producing corruptions, has now overspread the world. From a crude, though reliable, semi-barbaric Danish and Saxon literature these historic gems have been mined and burnished, and are now offered to HUBBARD descendants with the compiler's strongest assurances that the appraisement of their historic worth has not been one of overvalue; nor has it been colored at the expense of probity with rich and sensa- tional embellishment. The latter indulgence is the license of the poet and novelist but not that of the historian and genealogist. Upon the accession of King Ethelwulf in 839 to the throne of Wes- sex — consisting of the provinces of Kent, Essex and Surrey, in Britain — about the first matter to spur his activity was the beginning of imme- diate preparations to resist the invasions of the rapacious Danes, or Norsemen, who ruled the northern seas, the Orkney and Shetland Islands, and Jutland (or the Scandinavian continent) with unquestioned authority and rigor. Scandinavia was the birthplace of a savage set of men who, like the Saxons of old, spent the best portion of their lives on the waves, despising the tranquil enjoyments of peace, and cultivat- ing instead the art of unlawful acquisition and rapine. Their maritime situation familiarized them with the science of navigation. The children of these sea-kings were educated to piracy. The eldest son received 17 ! s HUBBA RD HIS TOR } ' A ND GENE A LOGY. the patrimony of the father, and the remaining sons were given swords and ships with which they were expected to go forth and acquire glory and riches. Until the ninth centnry these adventurous sea-robbers con- fined their operations to their own waters. But later on, possessed of the spirit of Alexander the Great, and hearing stories of the great wealth of the Latin dominions, they embarked for the southern seas on their freebooting expeditions. Their first attempts were directed toward the British Isles. Then they desolated the coasts of Gaul and Spain, and, venturing into the Mediterranean Sea, taught also the in- habitants of those shores how to tremble. The establishment of the duchy of Normandie, the Danish dynasty in England, and, afterward, a kingdom in Italy, are monuments of their courage, activity and per- severance. They made three important descents into England during the ninth century, one being upon the Isle of Thanet, and the other two upon the coasts of Northumberland and into the county of Kent. The famous King of the Franks, Charlemagne, sometimes called " Charles the Hammer," son of Pepin the Short and Bertha, and grandson of Charles Martel, conqueror of the Huns, Slavons, Saracens, Arabs and Britons, wept tears of sorrow at the future of his people at the hands of these wild Northmen. According to Guizot's History of France he thus expressed himself to his Court: " Know ye, my lieges, wherefore I weep so bitterly ? Of a surety I fear not lest these fellows should succeed in injuring me by their miserable piracies ; but it grieveth me deeply that whilst I live they should have been nigh to touching at this shore, and I am a prey to violent sorrow when I foresee what evils they will heap upon my descendants and their people." Charlemagne died Jan. 28, 814; and during the ninth and tenth centuries in verification of his pre- diction the Northmen made no less than forty-seven incursions into France. John Lingard, D. D., a famous Catholic-English historian, says in better and more perspicuous language than the compiler can perhaps summon, that "among the sea-kings was Ragnar Lodbrog [Regner Lodbrok or Lodbrock] and his two* sons, Hingua and HUBBA [Ingua or Inguar — Ubba or UbboJ who was one of the most adventurous and successful. On the shores of the Baltic, in the Orkneys and the Hebrides, in Ireland, Scotland, and Northumbria, he had diffused the terror of his name. In France the intrepid pirate had conducted his fleet up the Seine, spread the flames of devastation on each of its banks, and taken possession of Paris, which was redeemed from destruction * Thomas Keisditley, historian, says " three sons— Halfdan, Hingvar, and Hubba." O RIG IX OF THE NAME HUBBARD. 19 only by the payment of ,£7,000 of silver. By his orders ships of a larger size than had hitherto been navigated by his countrymen were constructed for an invasion of England; but, whether it was owing to the violence of the weather or the unskilfulness of the navigators, they were wrecked on the coast of Northumbria. Ragnar with several of his followers reached the shore, and, heedless of the consequences, commenced their usual career of depredation. Though the Northum- brians had cast off the yoke imposed on them by Egbert, their country was torn by civil dissensions; and at this very moment their chieftains were divided by the opposite pretensions of two competitors, Osbert and ^FUla. At the first news of the descent of the Northmen, the latter flew to the coast, fought with the plunderers, made Ragnar prisoner, and immediately put him to death. He is said to have been devoured by snakes, and to have consoled his last moments with the hope ' that the cubs of the boar would avenge his fate.' Nor was he disappointed. His sons, Hingua and HUBBA, who were in Denmark, swore to avenge his murder. The relations, the friends, and the admirers of the dead chieftain crowded to their standard, and eight sea-kings, with twenty jarls [noblemen] combined their forces in the pursuit of revenge and plunder." In 868 King Ethelwulf having been dead several years — also his two older sons, Ethelbald and Ethelbert— the crown of Wessex descended about 871 upon Ethelred, the third son. There also remained the youngest son, Alfred, known afterward as Alfred the Great, who ably assisted his brother in their stout resistance against these ubiquitous Norsemen. In the Fall of 866, with an immense fleet and 20,000 war- riors, Hingua and HUBBA landed on the coast of East- Anglia or Kent to avenge the foul death of the "old boar." They fortified their camp strongly and awaited rein- forcements from the Baltic, spending the winter in pro- curing horses and in corrupt- ing the loyalty of some of the Northumberland chieftains toward their own king, Ethelred. In February, 867, they left their camp on the coast and marched landward and seized York. Osbert and ^Ella patched up a truce between themselves, united their forces, A NORSE GALLEY IN KING HUBBA S FLEET. 20 HUBBARD HISTORY AND GENEALOGY. and engaged Hingua and HUBBA outside of the city, and eventually drove them back within its walls. The Northumbrians battered breaches in the walls, rushed through, and fell upon Hingua and HUBBA'S forces with great vigor and fury, but the ferocious Norse- men in their savage desperation finally turned and dispelled their relentless foes. Osbert was killed and yElla was taken prisoner. Hingua and HUBBA now enjoyed the exquisite pleasure of torturing the men who had thrown their father into a cage of snakes to be de- voured, and well they used the opportunity. The punishment they in- flicted upon yElla is called in Danish vernacular "at rista orn." It consists in dividing the ribs, drawing the lungs through the opening and pouring salt upon them. Thus was King Ragnar Lodbrog (/. e., Ragnar of the " Shaggy Brogues ") avenged by his loyal " cubs." This last victory gave to Hingua and HUBBA undisputed possession of all that dominion south of the Tyne and north of Nottingham. The native inhabitants were constrained to purchase the friendship of Hingua and HUBBA, who immediately began to prepare for a southern inva- sion. Leaving a small force in possession of York to cultivate the coun- try and retain possession of it, they proceeded against Ethelred and Alfred. They crossed the Humber into Lincolnshire, burnt the rich monastery at Bardenay and put its occupants to the sword. A small army of Saxons in the district of Kestevan stopped their progress for one day, however, killing three of the Danish chieftains, but soon the victorious invaders were sweeping on to the monastery of Croyland. Oskytue, a Danish leader, forced open the gates, and beheaded the abbot on the steps of the alter. Having pillaged and burnt the monastery, they marched to Medeshampsted, where the inhabitants resisted them stoutly and wounded Hingua. Soon the gates gave way and the blood- thirsty Danes slaughtered all whom they found, not sparing it is said women and children who had sought refuge in the abbey. HUBBA, to avenge his wounded brother, slew with his own hand the abbot and eighty-four monks. From the ashes of Medeshampsted they proceeded on to Huntington, destroying it, and then took the Isle of Ely. The nuns in this monastery were descended from noble Saxon families, and yet escaped not the cruelty and lust of these barbarous invaders. The King of Mercia, St. Edmund, was captured at Hoxon-on-the-Waveney, bound naked to'a tree, and, at HUBBA'S command, was whipped and otherwise tortured and finally beheaded. They met King Ethelred and Alfred the Great at Excesdune [AstonJ, and after a terrific battle were routed and in confusion fled as far as Reading. Bacseg, a Danish King, the jarls Osburn, Frean, Harold, and the two Sidrocs were killed. " A solitary thorn tree points out the spot on which the Danes were de- Landing of Hubba and Hingua on the Coast of Northumbria in 866. Born where the ice-king reigns supreme Nursed by his frosty breath. No power below could stav their course. No power above but death: Bequeathed to us this heritage. That from these Norsemen came: Our inborn love of liberty: Our proud, historic name!— John Merwih Hubbard. Cycles of time rolled round and round. Year on year rolled on: Their children's children sought the land Where rose the freeman's sun. ftdMngton /flfanor, 9fflmsloto. ^