COLUMBIA LIBRARIES OFFSITE 
 
 HEALTH SCIENCES STANDARD 
 
 HX64071430 
 RK686 R51 a catalogue of Ritte 
 
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zA Catalogue of 
 
 %ITTE%^ T>ENTAL 
 EOUI'PMENT 
 
 Chairs * Engines ^ Lathes ^ Distributing Panels 
 Air Compressors * Unit Equipments '' Ionization 
 Equipments ^ Spray Bottle Warmers < Air Fittings 
 * Supplies and Accessories for the above ^ 
 
 
 THE 
 %J^'r'rE\^T>KNTAL .MFC, CO. 
 
 of 'K^OCH ESTER, ,7^._ T., V. S. A. 
 
 E.s I a h li s h e d jSSS 
 

 
 Copyrighted 1919 
 
 by 
 
 THE RITTER DENTAL MFG. CO. 
 
 CX) / T T^ 7^ Product has served the dental profession 
 V^ for thirty odd years in practically every part of 
 the world, with the result that the name "RITTER" 
 on dental equipment is generally accepted as being a 
 guarantee of sterling quality, absolute satisfaction and 
 continued good service. 
 
/OO OW-A-DAYS modern equipment is just as essen- 
 
 / l^ tial as modern methods of practice, for it is a 
 
 generally conceded fact that the public is guided 
 
 to a considerable extent not only by the reputation of the 
 
 practitioner and his ability to do efficient work, but also 
 
 by the appearance and equipment of his office. 
 
 It requires time to demonstrate ability, but success 
 which is usually coupled with ability, is immediately ap- 
 parent in a modern office. '' Therefore money invested 
 in new equipment installed in offices properly furnished 
 and tastefully decorated is well spent. 
 
 For more than a quarter of a century Ritter Dental 
 Equipment has been made in accordance with the most 
 approved manufacturing methods in a complete factory, 
 thoroughly equipped with modern machinery, operated 
 bv skilled mechanics, and the product in turn has been 
 marketed to the profession through dental dealers 
 throughout the world, thereby enabling us to co-operate 
 with the dealers in rendering service to the consumer, 
 which service we consider a component part of Ritter 
 Product. 
 
 We have a competent organization to handle and 
 render this service to members of the profession. ^ Our 
 years of experience in planning dental office suites includ- 
 ing suggestions for the proper arrangement of equipment 
 and furniture, appropriate decorations, harmonizing 
 draperies and floor c(jverings, practical lighting fixtures, 
 office systems and suggestions for stationery, announce- 
 ment and appointment cards, has enabled us to be of ma- 
 terial service to practitioners in all parts of the world. ' 
 This service is entirely at the disposal of any practitioner, 
 without charge or obligation on their part, whether or not 
 thev own or purchase Ritter E(]uipmciit. 
 
 T I f I. R I T T I, R D i: X T A I, M r (; . Co. 
 
C^lJ 
 
 UAMANTEE 
 
 VERY possible precaution is taken to 
 keep our product free from imper- 
 fections in material and workman- 
 ship. ^ We will adjust to the satisfaction 
 of the owner, any time within one year from 
 date of purchase, any defects not caused by 
 misuse or neglect, upon receipt of the article 
 in question at our factory, all transportation 
 charges prepaid. 
 
 It is our desire to do everything that is 
 consistent and possible to see that every 
 article of our manufacture gives entire satis- 
 faction and continued good service to the 
 purchaser, for we are firm believers in the 
 old adage that "A pleased customer is a 
 firm's best advertisement," and that the 
 policy which will best protect the interests 
 of owners of Ritter Equipment is the policy 
 that will best maintain the reputation of 
 this Company and its Product. 
 
(^^NEMALC/I 
 
 ENEMAL C/ NFOMMATHON 
 
 ^(T^UR product is sold through dental dealers, a ma- 
 jority of whom carry a representative stock and are 
 in a position to co-operate with us in serving the 
 profession to the best advantage. 
 
 It is not always convenient or practical to withdraw 
 funds from other sources with which to purchase new 
 dental equipment, especially so where the purchase of a 
 complete outfit is contemplated, and for this reason we 
 have provided a plan whereby product of our manufac- 
 ture together with other non-competitive dental office 
 equipment and furniture may be purchased from dental 
 dealers on the deferred or extended payment plan, making 
 it possible to buy an entire outfit on convenient terms with 
 only one payment per month to be taken care of. ^ Sin- 
 gle items or a complete outfit may be purchased upon an 
 initial cash payment of 157^ of the total amount of pur- 
 chase, the remainder to be paid in monthly installments 
 of not less than V/< of the balance of the amount, the ac- 
 count to be in the form of a conditional contract of sale 
 with monthly installments or deferred payments evi- 
 denced by notes of denominations of even dollars bearing 
 ()''< interest from the date of contract. '' Full informa- 
 tion in reference to this plan may be obtained of dental 
 dealers or direct from us. 
 
 Where Ritter Product is purchased for cash the fol- 
 Irnving discounts are allowed by dealers: 
 
 V/> on amounts from $2.^.00 to :f^ 1 00.00 
 57' on amounts of and over $100.00 
 
Orders for parts, sundries, etc., direct from our factory 
 should be accompanied by remittance covering the cost 
 of same, unless dealer's name is indicated and notice given 
 to pass charge through said dealer. 
 
 When sending equipment for repairs, transportation 
 charges should be prepaid, as we cannot assume charges 
 either incoming or outgoing. '' Whenever possible 
 have repairs sent through dealers. '' If sent direct to 
 our factory they will be returned C. O. D. unless dealer's 
 name is indicated and notice given to pass charge through 
 him. 
 
 When ordering electrical equipment it is essential that 
 the exact current, voltage and frequency be specified. ' 
 When ordering new parts or attachments for electrical 
 equipment, always furnish serial number of the apparatus. 
 ' When ordering parts for chairs, kindly supply name 
 of the chair, serial number, and if the parts are enameled, 
 the finish of same. 
 
 Prices as quoted in separate pricelist in envelope on in- 
 side back cover of this catalog are all f. o. b. Rochester, 
 N. Y. 
 
 J^ANUAL dexterity alone will not furnish the dentist the 
 means of making a success of his professional career. His 
 office must be equipped with an outfit of time and labor saving 
 devices of the highest type so that he may be permitted to ask fees 
 that are commensurate with the character of service demanded by 
 an exacting clientele. 
 
The I^tter (^hair 
 
 ^^ /-r OR more than a quarter of a century the chairs 
 (^/ made by this company have occupied a most 
 enviable position in the trade and profession, for 
 it has been our constant aim to anticipate the needs for im- 
 proved equipment in keeping with the marked advance 
 made by the dental profession from year to year. ^ In 
 its present high standard of development the Ritter 
 Chair will deliver a maximum of adaptability and service 
 with the fewest adjustments and at the same time insure 
 comfort to both patient and operator. * The modern 
 dental office requires that the design of the dental chair be 
 symmetrical and pleasing in appearance and that the finish 
 be attractive and durable, and in keeping with these de- 
 mands the Ritter Chair will be found to enhance the 
 appearance of the best appointed office. 
 
 The disk plate or base is sufficiently large to insure a 
 firm foundation for the chair without the necessity of 
 screwing same to the floor, even when used in the most 
 extreme positions. " The inner edge of this plate is con- 
 cave to give ample foot room when standing close to the 
 chair, and heavily nickel plated rims are provided as a 
 protection to the enameled portion of the plate. ' Ritter 
 Chairs were the first in which the hydraulic principle of 
 elevating and lowering was used and while minor changes 
 and refinements have been made from time to time to keep 
 pace with the general improvements in the chair, the un- 
 derlving principle has not been altered and as it stands to- 
 
The "MUter £hair 
 
 Standard Position^ Front 
 
 It will be found to enhance the appearance of the best appointed 
 office, for it is symmetrical in design and pleasing in appearance. 
 
rhe %Uter f/;.//r 
 
 Standard Position^ Back 
 
 I V has been designed with the idea of securing the greatest range of 
 adaptability, combined with comfort to both the patient and operator. 
 
lo The Tauter £hair 
 
 day our hydraulic elevating mechanism is mechanically 
 perfect. ^ The cylinder containing the working parts 
 sets into the oil reservoir, insuring perfect lubrication to 
 all working parts. ^ The elevating tubes with their 
 tracks extend from within this cylinder and adjusted fric- 
 tion rollers guide these tubes at the top, while steel guide 
 rods steady the lower end and provide long bearings 
 which prevent the tubes from binding and twisting, in 
 fact, make them absolutely rigid. ^ The tracks occupy 
 but a small portion of the outside surface of the tubes, 
 permitting the remainder to be finished in enamel. 
 
 Operation 
 
 A light, steady stroke or pressure on the foot lever 
 rapidly elevates the chair. '' Two elevating tubes oper- 
 ate simultaneously, thereby eliminating the usual jar or 
 jolt experienced when separately operating tubes engage. 
 As the extreme height is reached, a valve is automatically 
 tripped, which brings the chair to a stop without the 
 slightest perceptible jar. '' To lower the chair a small 
 release lever is depressed and the speed of the descent is 
 under the entire control of the operator at all times. ^ A 
 regulating valve is also provided to adjust the speed of the 
 descent. ^ Releasing the pressure automatically brings 
 the chair to a stop at any position and in reaching the low- 
 est position a cushion valve operates and the chair comes 
 to rest imperceptibly on a cushion of oil. ^ There are 
 absolutely no jolts or jars in either its raising or lowering; 
 in fact, the operation of the Ritter Chair is so smooth and 
 easy that the patient is not aware when the chair has 
 stopped, either in its ascent or descent. '' The chair may 
 be revolved easily on two highly polished bearing surfaces 
 and may be instantly locked in any desired position by a 
 convenient foot lever. 
 
The '^^tter £hair u 
 
 zAdjustahk T'/atfonn 
 
 The platform and foot rest is adaptable to patients of 
 any size, and being of closed construction is more satis- 
 factory from the standpoints of operation, comfort for the 
 patient and cleanliness. The metal foot plates of the plat- 
 form can be elevated to a single plane by a conveniently 
 locked foot lever and lowered by an automatic de- 
 vice. ^ This raised position is very desirable for small 
 or medium sized patients and also valuable in the admin- 
 istration of anesthetics, as the platform presents no pro- 
 jection for the patient to secure a foot hold with the re- 
 sultant physical strain to the patient and inconvenience to 
 the operator. ^ The heel plate is provided with an auto- 
 matic lock which holds it firmly in position when raised 
 to form a foot rest for very small children. ^ The sides 
 of the metal platform plates extend beyond and protect 
 the enameled portion of the platform frames. < These 
 plates are covered with inlaid rubber mats of the best 
 quality, which are removable, can be readily cleaned and 
 add materially to the attractiveness of the chair. 
 
 The "Body 
 
 The body of the Ritter Chair has been designed with 
 the idea of securing the greatest range in adaptability, 
 combined with comfort to both the operator and pa- 
 tient. ' It is balanced with exceptional accuracy and 
 can be tilted, without the least exertion, to any desired 
 angle. A light pressure of the hand or foot on the tilting 
 lever releases the lock. ^ Releasing the pressure auto- 
 matically operates the lock that holds the chair rigidly 
 in any position. < The capacity of the seat can be varied 
 by the lateral swinging movement of the arms to accom- 
 modate patients of any size with comfort. < The arms 
 may be dropped entirely out of the way or securely locked 
 in any desired position, or they may be adjusted to a hori- 
 zontal position and locked, forming a convenient seat for 
 the operator. 
 
12 
 
 The "Better Qhair 
 
 High and how Positions 
 
 (ly^S the extreme height is reached a valve is automatically tripped, 
 which brings the chair to a stop without the slightest jar, and at 
 the lowest position a cushion valve automatically operates and the 
 chair comes to rest imperceptibly on a cushion of oil. 
 
The %itter Chair 
 
 13 
 
 Platform Raised^ Arm Dropped^ Back Pad 
 a?id Head Rest Extended 
 
 I\\]'\ platform and foot rest arc adaptable to patients of any size, 
 and being of closed construction are more satisfactory from the 
 standpoints of operation, comfort to the patient and cleanliness. 
 
14 
 
 The %itter £hair 
 
 y HE self-conforming back eliminates the necessity of readjusting the 
 back pad or head rest when the back is lowered from the standard 
 to the horizontal or any intermediate position. 
 
 //^^HEN the back is lowered from the standard to the horizontal or 
 any intermediate position on chairs not having the compensating 
 back, it is necessary to readjust the head rest and back pad to insure 
 comfort to the patient and facilitate the work of the operator. 
 
T^he ''Rjjter Chair 15 
 
 Qompcnscit'nig liack 
 
 The compensating back is one of the most important 
 features of the Ritter Chair for it automatically follows 
 the lines of the body in whatever position the chair may be 
 placed, making it unnecessary to readjust the back or head 
 rest while patient is in the chair, regardless of posi- 
 tion. ^ The back is hinged in such manner that the 
 pivoting point by which the patient swings, namely, the 
 hip joint, and the hinge of the chair are in proper rela- 
 tion at all times, thus the back and the head rest automatic- 
 ally follow the body and absolutely retain their relative 
 positions, making unnecessary the readjustment of any 
 part of the chair while the patient is in it. ^ By means 
 of a compensating slide the upholstered back cushion is 
 elevated to support the small of the patient's back as the 
 back is reclined, thereby providing the proper support, 
 eliminating the necessity of making additional adjust- 
 ments when reclining the back, thus facilitating the work 
 of the operator and providing greater comfort for the 
 patient. * The compensating back is equipped with a 
 drop forged steel lock, which is positive in its operation 
 and so constructed that it is absolutely impossible for it to 
 slip. " A very slight pressure on a lever is all that is 
 required to release the lock and when this pressure is re- 
 leased it automatically locks again. 
 
 In raising the patient from a reclining position it is 
 only necessary to lift from the back or head rest, as the 
 back lock automatically releases when pressure is exerted 
 from outside or rear of lock and catches or locks, in any 
 position, when pressure is removed. ^ This enables the 
 operator t(j raise even a very heavy patient from reclining 
 to upright position without the strain and exertion neces- 
 sary to accomph'sh the same result, in chairs so con- 
 structed that the back must necessarily be raised and sup- 
 ported witli one iiand and locked witii the other. 
 
i6 
 
 T'he %itter Qhair 
 
 For Childre?! 
 
 1 HE cushion back is mounted 
 on a suspended slide enabling 
 instant adjustments for the 
 comfort of patients of any 
 size, and the width of the seat 
 can be varied as desired by 
 the lateral swinging move- 
 ment of the arms. 
 
 y T is possible to comfortably 
 accommodate children of 
 any age, without a special 
 seat, by adjusting the head 
 rest, raising the heel plate, 
 lowering the back and ad- 
 justing same forward on the 
 seat and moving the arms 
 inward from both sides. 
 
The %ijter ['hair 17 
 
 The adjustments automatically obtained by the use of 
 the compensating back eliminate the necessity of tilting 
 the seat, which is a decided advantage in that the patient 
 is always able to easily reach the cuspidor, which is, to 
 say the least, very inconvenient when the chair is 
 tilted. * The back is suspended at three points and is 
 absolutely rigid in any adjusted position. '' The cushion 
 back is mounted on a suspended slide, enabling instant ad- 
 justment for the comfort of patients of any size. * This 
 slide also carries the head rest extension slide and either 
 of the slides may be easily moved up or down with the 
 slightest pressure on the tip of the levers, which are auto- 
 matically locked when released, enabling adjustments to 
 be readily made with one hand. 
 
 Se/f—yldjusfing Head T{est 
 
 The improved Ritter head rest is automatic in its ad- 
 justments, the pads being fastened to a swinging yoke 
 and lock to the yoke in eight distinctively different posi- 
 tions, permitting any conceivable adjustment. '^ A desir- 
 able feature of the head rest is the ball and socket head 
 rest support by means of which the head rest is fastened to 
 the extension slide. * With this ball and socket joint the 
 head rest may be adjusted to any desired position and 
 locked by the operation of a single cam lever. 
 
 The construction of the head rest cushions is such 
 that a pneumatic cushion effect is obtained without the 
 disadvantage of using air. 
 
 Qhildren ' s l^osifio/i s 
 
 The adaptability of the Ritter Chair makes it possible 
 to accommodate children of any age without a special seat, 
 for the head rest may be adjusted to fit a very small child 
 and by lowering the back and adjusting same forward on 
 the scat and moving the arms inward from both sides it 
 
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•The %\jter (f//^//^' 19 
 
 takes but a moment to lit comfortably even the smallest 
 patient and in so doing not conflict in any way with the 
 operator or his work. 
 
 The principal levers used on the chair are drop forged 
 steel, which permits lighter construction and therefore 
 more graceful design. ^ xVll exposed parts of the levers 
 are first copper and then nickel plated which produces 
 a verv durable finish. 
 
 The lower portion of the arms are pressed steel stamp- 
 ings, grained mahogany and finished in enamel. ^ The 
 tops are of genuine mahogany, thus insuring maximum 
 wear and at the same time being sanitary. 
 
 All locks used ^\\ the chair are positive in their oper- 
 ation, are constructed of the very best materials and will 
 thus give maximum service. * The slightest pressure 
 releases them and they automatically lock when the pres- 
 sure is relaxed, this being one of the many exclusive fea- 
 tures to be found only on the Ritter Chair. 
 
 Finish 
 
 All exposed metal parts are either nickel plated or 
 enameled and every precaution is taken to insure a final 
 finish that will be attractive to the eye and give maximum 
 service, the result being that "distinctively different" ap- 
 pearance whicli has always been characteristic of Ritter 
 Chairs. 
 
20 
 
 'The T{ijter Qhair 
 
 
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'The 'Jijjter (^ha'ir 
 
 21 
 
 The Ritter Self-Adjusti7ig 
 Head Rest 
 
 iH E improved self- 
 adjusting head rest is 
 automatic in its adjust- 
 ments, the pads heing 
 fastened to a swinging 
 yoke and lock to the 
 yoke in eight different 
 positions. 
 
11 
 
 The T^ijter 'Dental Engine 
 
 All Cord Type 
 
 jfT possesses all the salient features found in our previous models 
 combined with the most modern principles of construction. 
 
The T{ijter T)ental Cngine 23 
 
 The "Tetter T>ental Cngine 
 
 Q^^ 
 
 HE Ritter Model "C" Folding Bracket, Swivel 
 \^ Type, Electric Dental Engine is the result of 
 many years' experience in the manufacture of 
 dental engines. ' It possesses all the salient features 
 found in our previous models, combined with the most 
 modern principles of construction, thus insuring an engine 
 of pleasing design, maximum adaptability and satisfac- 
 tory service. ^ It is perfectly poised, evenly balanced 
 and runs practically noiseless. 
 
 Eolding bracket 
 
 The folding bracket is constructed of special steel, all 
 bearing surfaces being ground in an accurate manner, to 
 insure freedom of movement in opening and closing. The 
 poise of the bracket is such that it may be opened to any 
 desired position and will maintain that position without 
 danger of shifting and without locking. " When com- 
 pletely closed it is compact and projects but a few inches 
 from the wall and is mounted at a height sufficient to clear 
 the cuspidor, bracket table and radiator. 
 
 Supporting Take 
 
 The motor is mounted in a supporting yoke consisting 
 of two semi-circular tubes attached to tlie supporting 
 frame of the bracket. ' 1 he electric wires pass througli 
 these yoke tubes and terminate in two insulated connec- 
 tif)n plates in each yoke tube elbow. * The current 
 passes from these wires through the contact brushes direct 
 to the motor terminals. ' With this improved method 
 
24 
 
 The Tiitter T)ental Engine 
 
 of construction there are no wires to be broken through 
 the constant turning of the motor and the latter can be 
 readily attached or dismounted without disturbing any 
 wires or small parts. 
 
 Swivel r^^otor 
 
 Both the motor and engine arm are swiveled in the 
 yoke support giving the outer end of the arm and hand 
 piece a vertical range equivalent to that of the modern 
 dental chair. ^ Therefore, regardless of the height of 
 the chair, the hand piece can always be placed in a posi- 
 tion for convenient operation, a feature that is exclusive 
 with the Ritter Engine. 
 
 balance 
 
 The distribution of the weight of the motor and engine 
 arm with hand piece attached is such that an exact balance 
 is obtained and consequently the arm can be moved up 
 or down without exertion and will remain in any desired 
 position without being locked. 
 
 Suspended Slbow <^^rm 
 
 This exclusive feature in the Ritter All-cord Type 
 Engine allows absolute freedom of movement and pro- 
 
The TiUter 'T)ental Engine 25 
 
 vides a range or reach of considerable distance without 
 putting any strain on the hand of the operator. " The 
 elbow arm is suspended and hinged in such manner as to 
 insure perfect flexibility and ease of movement at the 
 hand piece. ^ This construction is an extremely impor- 
 tant feature as it afifords the operator a much greater range 
 of movement than is possible to obtain with any other 
 dental engine and this range is obtained without any 
 effort or the least sensation of restraint. ^ 
 
 The main belted arm makes it possible to remove the 
 motor and other bulky parts as far as possible from 
 patients, leaving only the parts of light construction and 
 without mechanical appearance nearest the patients and 
 therefore not likely to look formidable to them. 
 
 The length of this arm and its arrangement is such 
 that it clears the bracket table or other fixtures and is 
 adapted to receive either the all-cord hand piece when 
 used in connection with the suspended elbow arm or the 
 regular No. 7 hand piece with cable and sleeve, duplex 
 spring connection and slip joint. " The entire arm from 
 motor pulley to hand piece is equipped with a non-twist- 
 ing belt device which prevents belt from wrapping 
 around the rods. 
 
 "Motor 
 
 The construction of the motor insures maximum 
 efficiency and power with minimum current consump- 
 tion. ' The motor runs with practically no noise. 
 By means of a foot controller e(]uippe(i with a very 
 efficient locking feature, the speed may be readily varied 
 from 1200 revolutions per minute at the lowest to 3600 
 revolutions per minute at the highest. 
 
26 
 
 Ihe Tiijter IDental E'ngine 
 
 "hearings 
 
 The bearing bushings are made of selected bearing 
 bronze fitted with accuracy and being very long in 
 proportion to their diameters, wear is reduced to the 
 minimum. ' These bronze bushings are entirely inde- 
 pendent of the bearing supports and may be readily re- 
 newed if occasion requires. 
 
 ^^rmatiire Shafts 
 
 The armature shafts are of the best tool steel, tempered 
 and accurately ground to a mirror finish and are inter- 
 changeable. 
 
 Oiling 
 
 The improved self-contained oiling arrangement 
 eliminates the necessity of exposed oil cups and annoyance 
 from this source and insures positive lubrication of the 
 bearings as long as there is oil in the wick, thus the 
 chances for dry bearings are reduced to the minimum. 
 
 ^nnatiire Qonstriiction 
 
 The most approved methods of 
 ""s™"" armature construction insures a smooth 
 running motor, easily controlled and 
 BRONZE giving maximum efficiency. ^ The 
 running balance test is used to obtain 
 accurate balance and elimination of 
 vibration at the hand piece and insures 
 a finished product of the best possible 
 construction. 
 
 wick B wrapped entirely around the bronze bushing is thoroughly saturated with oil and 
 wick A passes through the bearing bushing, one end touching the shaft, the other in contact with 
 the main wick B. When shaft is in motion, oil is drawn by capillary attraction from wick B, by 
 way of wick A to the interior of the bushing, thus lubricating the shaft. Surface oil working out 
 at the ends of bearing bushing is absorbed by the small wick C returning to the main wick B, 
 thereby producing a complete circulation of oil. 
 
The %ijter -Denial E'ngine 
 
 27 
 
 Belt Drive?iy Cable Type 
 
 lUV. pf)ise of the folding bracket is such that it may be opened to 
 any desired position and will maintain that position without danger 
 of shifting and without locking. 
 
'The letter T)ental Engine 
 
 
 
 ^1 
 
 ■^m SHEET 
 
 STEELL 
 
 CORE 1^^ 
 
 PIP ARMATURE SHAFT 'S 
 
 ■•4 
 
 SULATI )N 1/ 
 
 
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 f 
 
 
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 Sectional view of direct current armature with commutator. 
 
 "brushes 
 
 Brushes for direct current engines are of bronze gauze 
 and for the alternating current engine, carbon. ^ A 
 spring tension device on the brush holder insures equal 
 tension on the brushes, automatically maintained, as the 
 brushes are gradually consumed. 
 
 The alternating current motor is provided w^ith a stop 
 screw which prevents the brush supporting arm coming 
 into contact with the commutator, 
 should the carbon brush wear too 
 low. 
 
 T'ulleys 
 
 The double motor drive pulley 
 is made of hardened steel with 
 grooves of a modified V shape giv- 
 ing the greatest possible gripping 
 surface for the belt. ^ The hubs 
 of the idler pulleys on the belted 
 arm are of tempered steel, accur- 
 ately ground and polished and run 
 
 on tempered steel shafts which are ground and then pol- 
 ished to a mirror finish. '' These pulleys are provided 
 with oil retaining rings made of felt, insuring adequate 
 lubrication. 
 
The Tiijter 'Dental Cngine 
 
 29 
 
 yi// Cord Type 
 
 Belt Driven^ Cable 
 
 Type 
 
 /F HEN the folding bracket is completely closed it is compact and 
 projects but a icw inches from the wall and is mounted at a height 
 sufficient t(j clear the cuspidor, bracket table and radiator. 
 
30 
 
 The Tetter 'Dental Sngine 
 
 A brush wheel for cleaning 
 burrs, etc., can be instantly 
 attached to the belt driven, 
 cable type engine. 
 
 "Be/t Compensation 
 
 l^elt Qiia/'ds 
 
 Belt guards are provided on all 
 pulleys to prevent the belt from run- 
 ning off, thus eliminating the argu- 
 ments that have been used against 
 belt or all-cord type dental engines. 
 
 An exclusive feature of the 
 Ritter Engine is its belt com- 
 pensating device whereby by 
 means of the construction and 
 relation of the pulleys and 
 
 hinged pivots, the belt is kept at a given tension irrespec- 
 tive of the position of the hand piece or arm. 
 
 A brush wheel for cleaning burrs, 
 etc. , can be instantly attached to the all 
 cord type engine. The guards can be 
 easily lifted when putting on a new belt. 
 
 'Belt ^Adjuster 
 
 A practical self-locking belt adjuster is also provided 
 making possible the most delicate adjustment of the belt, 
 by means of a pinion and screw under the forward end 
 
 of the arm. 
 
 By means of this ad- 
 juster a stretch of ten 
 inches in the belt may be 
 compensated for. 
 
"^he %ijter ^Dental Engine 
 
 31 
 
 Suspejided Elbow Arm fo?^ All Cord 
 
 Tier 1 71 e 
 
 Cable a?id Sleeve Attach?ne?tt for Belt Driven^ 
 Cable Type Engine 
 
32 
 
 The '^RJjter T)ental Cngine 
 
 (Controller 
 
 The portable Foot Controller has a single lever pro- 
 jecting on both sides of the case by means of which the 
 motor is started and stopped and the various speeds con- 
 trolled. ^ Itmay be placed 
 on the floor in any desired 
 position, but preferably just 
 back of the chair. 
 
 Speed R^ulator 
 
 When the lever occupies 
 the central position no cur- 
 rent flows. ^ A slight movement of the lever in one 
 direction will start the motor running forward, a move- 
 ment in the opposite direction will operate the motor in 
 reverse, the speed of the forward or reverse being regu- 
 lated by the distance the 
 lever is moved from the 
 center. ^ The return of 
 the lever to the center 
 from either side instantly 
 
 stops tne engine. *■ r*OUr a spring device in controller automatically re- 
 
 speed regulations are turns the foot lever to the center position. 
 
 provided for each direction of rotation. 
 I^ocked or Free 
 
 By means of two very conveniently located buttons, 
 the controller lever may be locked in any desired posi- 
 tion or returned to the center automatically when pressure 
 is released. '' Thus the controller may be used either 
 with or without locking device and it is a simple matter 
 to change from one to the other. 
 
^he Tijjter 'Dental Engine 
 
 ZZ 
 
 Qontacts or Scg//ie/its 
 
 The contacts or segments, which control the circuit 
 of the various speeds and the starting and stopping, are 
 screwed to a piece of slate and the connections between 
 the segments are made of metal strips held under the 
 heads of the same screws that hold the segments in place 
 
 on the slate. This 
 construction makes 
 it utterly impossi- 
 ble for a poor con- 
 nection to exist and 
 also eliminates the 
 use of copper 
 wires soldered to 
 the segments for 
 
 Front of Slate Piece used Back of slate piece used in - . 
 
 in controller, carrying the controller. The electrical maKlUg COnnCC" 
 
 various segments for starting connections between segments 
 are made by means of copper 
 stampings instead of soldered 
 wires, which construction 
 makes poor connections ab- 
 solutely impossible. 
 
 and stopping the motor and 
 controlling the speeds. In 
 order to obtain lubrication and 
 reduce wear to a minimum, 
 holes are provided in the brass 
 segments to contain vaseline. 
 
 tions, which, to 
 say the least, is far 
 from being de- 
 pendable. 
 
 The brushes which make contact on the metal seg- 
 ment are heavy copper, fastened so that they are self- 
 aligning with the surface 
 of the segment, thus in- 
 suring a perfect contact 
 with a minimum amount 
 of wear. ' To further 
 eliminate wear at these 
 pf)ints the segments over 
 which the brushes slide 
 are drilled slightly to re- 
 tain a lubricant, prefer- 
 ably vaseline. 
 
 Heavy copper buttons on the end of the brushes 
 which rub on the brass controller segments insure 
 long life and perfect contact. 
 
34 
 
 'The '^Ritter 1)enial Engine 
 
 sparking 
 
 A spark is produced whenever a motor is stopped at 
 the point where the circuit is broken and this spark is of 
 such size and intensity as to fuse all but certain types of 
 the very hardest metals, for each spark burns away some 
 of the metal, eventually destroying the segment. ^ We 
 have overcome this objectionable feature on the alter- 
 nating current controller by fitting same with a piece of 
 platinum wire, which on account of its high fusing point 
 is not affected by the spark, and in our direct current 
 controller the spark is eliminated entirely by the manner 
 in which the controller is wound. 
 
 %^sistance 
 
 The construction of both the alternating and direct 
 current controllers is such that it is impossible for any 
 wires to become dearranged and as there are no inflam- 
 mable materials used it is absolutely fire-proof and com- 
 plies with all rules of the fire underwriters. 
 
 ALTERNATING CURRENT 
 
 DIRECT CURRENT 
 
 The construction of the circuit breaking lever and the resistance and slate contact plates, in 
 both alternating and direct current controllers, insures maximum service with minimum trouble. 
 Metal strips are used exclusively for making the necessary connections instead of wires and the parts 
 as a whole can be taken out of the controller case by simply removing four screws. 
 
The 'J{ijter 'Dental Engine 
 
 ZS 
 
 
 
 c 
 
 c 
 
 o 
 
 ^ 
 
36 
 
 The 'Rjjter T>enial Engine 
 
 'Dustproof 
 
 The controller is absolutely dust and lint proof and 
 no foreign matter of any kind can possibly enter to inter- 
 fere with its proper working. 
 
 Floor Qord 
 
 Being subject to unusually hard usage, our floor cords 
 are constructed to give maximum wear, are protected 
 by a very heavy insulation, which will comply with all 
 fire underwriters rules and in addition are covered with 
 rubber as a protection from moisture and finally wrapped 
 
 with linen braiding. '' All connections are numbered, 
 making it an easy matter to put on a new cord when neces- 
 sary. ^ The special metal contacts insure perfect 
 connections. 
 
 The design of our foot controller is such that the 
 number of wires in the floor cord or cable is but four in 
 the alternating current and five in the direct current 
 controllers or about one-half the number found in con- 
 trollers of other manufacturers, thus decreasing the 
 opportunity for trouble through broken wires. 
 
The Tijjter 'Dental S'ngine 
 
 37 
 
 It is unnecessary to disturb any connections to remove the controller lever inside plate and 
 contact brushes from the controller case for by removing four screws same can be lifted out to 
 renew the lubrication on the speed controlling segments which should preferably be done once a 
 vear. Dowel pins are provided, making it impossible to replace parts incorrectly. 
 
 Wall "Box 
 
 The simplified construc- 
 tion of our wall box elim- 
 inates the necessity of screws 
 in putting the connection 
 plates together. ^ These 
 plates simply slip over one 
 
 another as shown in the illus- 
 trations on this page and when 
 the cover is in place it cannot 
 come apart. * All parts are 
 1^^^ of metal, except the insula- 
 
 tion in resistance box which is 
 
 I 
 
 mica. 
 
 Resistance box is used only 
 in alternating current engines^ 
 none being necessary on direct 
 current. 
 
"the %itter ^Distributing Tanel 
 
 The Ritter Distributing Panel 
 
 •zyj. most efficient equipment that will lend tone and dignity to the 
 appearance of any office. 
 
The Tiijter T^istrihuting T'anel 39 
 
 The I^tter ^Distributing 
 Tan EL 
 
 y^/^^ HE Ritter Distributing Panel, as its name implies, 
 \^ is a means for the centralization, control and 
 distribution of electricity and compressed air in 
 their application to dentistry. 
 
 It is constructed with the usual Ritter thoroughness 
 and high quality of materials, and the careful attention 
 given to every detail of manufacture results in a most 
 efficient equipment that will lend tone and dignity to the 
 appearance of any operating room. 
 
 The distributing panel consists of a metal frame, fin- 
 ished in enamel, with a iVIexican Onyx front, upon which 
 are mounted a clock and various gauges and switches, by 
 which the panel is operated. 
 
 E'conoi)i\ 
 
 Ritter Panels when no instruments are in use consume 
 practically no electricity, and the hot air syringe and 
 electrical instruments are very economical to operate, as 
 they consume but a few cents worth of electricity per day 
 even though they are in use continuously. 
 
 ^Jlir Vanci 
 
 l"he air section of the panel is hjcated at the t(jp and 
 is c(]uippcd with three pressure gauges and two regulators 
 for regulating and distributing the air to the hot air 
 syringe and air cut-ofT. ' The hand wheels on the air 
 regulators are hirgc and have knurled edges, thus making 
 
40 T'he %ijter 'Distributing T'anel 
 
 them easy to operate. ^ The valves are needle pointed 
 with tapering seats and ground and seated with infinite 
 care to insure positive closing and the elimination of 
 leaks. 
 
 An air filter is provided in the air supply line by 
 means of which the air is cleansed before being delivered 
 to the outlet, thus insuring dry, clean air for delivery 
 into the patient's mouth. '' A drain cock, 
 easily opened, at the bottom of the filter 
 makes it convenient to drain off any con- 
 densation of moisture. 
 
 electric T*anel 
 
 The electrical section of the panel is 
 located at the bottom and has many desir- 
 Air Filter ^j^j^ _^^^ unique features, all of which have 
 
 been arranged for adaptability, efficiency, convenience 
 and safety, the latter being of special importance. 
 
 Safety 
 
 The main line supply current is reduced to the proper 
 voltage for the instrument or low voltage circuits, by 
 means of a regulating transformer, the principle of design 
 of which thoroughly insulates the low voltage circuits 
 from the main line supply current and renders it abso- 
 lutely impossible for either the patient or operator to 
 receive an electrical shock. '' The low voltage current 
 in the instrument circuit is produced by magnetic induc- 
 tion (by means of the above mentioned transformer) and 
 there is no metallic electrical connection between the 
 instrument circuit and the supply circuit. 
 
 This method of construction is used in the Ritter 
 Distributing Panel as a m-atter of safety to both the patient 
 and operator, for we believe it is necessary that instru- 
 
The Tijjter 'Distributing T'auel 
 
 41 
 
 ments for use in the mouth of a patient or in the hands 
 of the operator should be connected with a low voltage 
 current or circuit from which it is absolutely impossible 
 to receive an electric shock, and this design is the only 
 one providing this safety. 
 
 Fuses 
 
 The fuses are covered with caps made of special in- 
 sulating material, held in place by an arrangement of our 
 own design which insures proper connection even though 
 there is a pronounced variation in their lengths. 
 
 Sxi'itcht's 
 
 A master switch is provided in the upper left side of 
 the panel to control the main line current to the panel 
 and a similar switch on the upper right side to control 
 current to transformer. ^ Three branch circuit switches 
 are also provided on each side of the panel to control 
 the current outlet to engine, compressor, fan, operating 
 light, etc., connections of which are made inside the panel 
 and each circuit is provided with an individual fuse, 
 easily replaceable. ^ The switches are of the ''push and 
 pull" design, and can be furnished either in the same 
 insulating material as the fuse caps or in glass. 
 
 Tllot j(jg/its 
 
 A pilot light is connected in both the main line and 
 transformer circuits to indicate when the current is flow- 
 ing. < These are built flush with the face of the panel 
 and are provided with ground glass crystals, providing 
 a soft pleasing light, without glare. 
 
 (^/ock 
 
 The Ritter Panel is c(]uipped with a high grade clock, 
 which is so arranged and connected with the master 
 switch that it automatically turns off the current at any 
 
42 
 
 "l^he mjjter Distributing T'anel 
 
 desired hour, which eliminates the possibility of the cur- 
 rent remaining on when leaving the office for the night, 
 It is plain, yet of pleasing appearance and provides a 
 conveniently located time piece in the operating room. 
 
 '[Regulators for J^w Voltage Qircuits 
 
 Four regulators are provided for controlling the cur- 
 rent to the electrical instruments, each one provided with 
 a locking device so that it can be set at any desired point 
 The amount of current furnished each individual instru- 
 ment is thus controlled or regulated and after the desired 
 amount of current is obtained and the regulator locked, 
 .there is no necessity for the operator to adjust or change 
 the current each time the instrument is used. ^ The 
 benefits of fixed regulators are readily apparent and the 
 locking feature prevents accidental moving of the 
 regulator. 
 
 •uiutomatic Instrument Holder 
 
 The automatic instrument holder is located immedi- 
 ately below the panel, with wire connections made 
 through the interior of the rack, eliminating all exposed 
 wires and is provided with five spring supporting clips, 
 four for the electrically controlled instruments and one 
 for the air cut-off. '' The 
 application of the current 
 to the electrical instru- 
 ments is controlled by 
 the simple movement of 
 taking them from and 
 replacing them in the 
 spring supporting clips, 
 which procedure auto- 
 matically opens or closes 
 the electric circuit. 
 
'The "XJj^^r 'Distributing 'Panel 
 
 43 
 
 Call "Bell "Buttons 
 
 Two pearl push buttons are provided on the face of 
 the panel for call bell circuits to laboratory, business 
 office or any other desired location. 
 
 -ylir Coiiuect'ions 
 
 A needle point valve is placed at the lower right 
 corner of the panel so that supply from air tank can be 
 shut off at this point if desired. 
 
 JJtiiversal Type 
 
 The Ritter Distributing Panel is universal in type 
 and can be used on all electrical currents. ^ When the 
 supply or central current is direct, it is necessary to install 
 a rotary converter to convert the direct to alternating 
 current for the low voltage instruments. 
 
 Tihtcr Ti^tary Converter 
 
 This is a small motor which can be installed in the 
 laboratory or other suitable place, which takes in direct 
 
 current at one side and delivers 
 alternating current from the 
 other. ' It is built with the 
 usual Ritter care and attention 
 to all details, consumes but very 
 little current and with ordinary 
 care and attention should oper- 
 ate indefinitelv. 
 
 Interior 
 
 1 he electrical portion of the panel is mounted on a 
 swinging iron frame which opens to permit the interior 
 to be exposed for inspection. ^ When the panel is open 
 a knife switch automaticallv breaks tlie circuit therebv 
 
44 
 
 The Tijjter 'Distributing T'anel 
 
 The Ritter Distributing F ami 
 
 y HE construction of the interior of the panel clearly indicates the 
 careful way in which each detail has been worked out to provide 
 for efficiency, practicability, convenience and economy. 
 
'The fitter "'Distributing 'Tanel 
 
 45 
 
 The Ritte?^ Distribut'mg Pa?iel 
 
 rJ^OUNTED on 
 
 No. 8 Cabinet 
 
 --J^OUNTED on 
 
 No. 9 Cabinet 
 
46 
 
 "The '^Rijter T>istributing T'anel 
 
 The Ritter Distributing Panel 
 
 (J^OUNTED on No. 7 Cabinet 
 
^he %ljter ''DiUributing Tanel 47 
 
 eliminating any opportunity or possibility of receiving a 
 shock bv coming into contact with the wiring of the 
 interior. 
 
 All wiring is thoroughly insulated and arranged so 
 as to be readily accessible. 
 
 A connection bar is provided whereby, by means of 
 metal connecting links, panel may be instantly adapted 
 for use on current of any voltage or frequency. 
 
 The various insulaling blocks are made from the best 
 material obtainable for the purpose. '' All metal parts 
 are accurately machined and finished, and are inter- 
 changeable. 
 
 The transformer is constructed in accordance with 
 the most approved electrical practice and is made entirely 
 in our factory. 
 
 T>istnbuti)ig l^ivicl Qjhifiets 
 
 Ritter Distributing Panels can be mounted directly on 
 the walls of operating rooms or on panels or boards of 
 wood or metal. ' The ideal method, however, is to 
 mount same on cabinets, like or similar to the illustrations 
 shown on the following pages, for the reason that it makes 
 the equipment more compact, adds to its efficiency, keeps 
 the instruments together and in their proper place and 
 when not in use the cords and tubing are concealed in 
 base of cabinet. 
 
 Cabinets of this style can be placed in a convenient 
 place or position in the operating room, and as they can 
 be obtained in various woods and finishes, it is possible 
 to matcli interior decorations and e(]uipment, thus adding 
 character and tone to the entire room. 
 
48 'The Tetter ^distributing T'anel 
 
 One or two Ritter Spray Bottle Warmers can be in- 
 corporated in these cabinets, making the outfit complete 
 in every detail. 
 
 A simple, yet efficient, take-up device has been per- 
 fected whereby the instruments, when returned to the 
 instrument holder after having been in use are automati- 
 cally drawn into the base of the cabinet, thereby con- 
 cealing all cords and tubing and protecting them from 
 dust and dirt. ^ This device also adds to the ease of 
 manipulation of instruments attached thereto. 
 
 The cabinets illustrated on pages 45-46 are known as 
 the Nos. 7, 8 and 9 and are made by the American Cabinet 
 Co. of Two Rivers, Wis., and Rahway, N. J. * The 
 Nos. 8 and 9 have glass doors inclosing the panel and 
 the No. 9 is arranged to accommodate a Ritter Air Com- 
 pressor Unit in the base. '' Full particulars regarding 
 these cabinets can be obtained from and orders placed 
 with any dental supply depot or the American Cabinet 
 Company. 
 
 ?[/fODERN equipment coupled with advanced operative tech- 
 nique offers to the dental practitioner the '■''open sesame" to 
 a broader field of usefulness in the care of the oral cavity^ that 
 gateway to the gastro-intestinal tract through which must pass 
 the enemies to both health and comfort. 
 
The Tijjter Hot zAir Syringe 49 
 
 The Twitter Hot -Air Syringe 
 
 iriTH %APiD Heating 
 
 Clement 
 
 A most efficient instrument, scientifically constructed, 
 light in weight and easily held in the hand. ^ The angle 
 of the nozzle allows for ready access to the interior of 
 patient's mouth without obstructing the operator's vision. 
 
 "Rdpid Heating Clement 
 
 The unique principle used in the construction of the 
 heating element is such that the air circulates back and 
 forth several times before leaving the tip of the nozzle, 
 which insures the air being heated more rapidly than in 
 syringes where air passes heating element but once. 
 The heating element can be easily removed and replaced 
 in case of necessity. 
 
 Safety 
 
 The exterior is thoroughly insulated eliminating all 
 opportunity of the operator's burning himself or patient, 
 even though air be applied continuously and at its maxi- 
 mum heat. < The graduated coil of wire covering the 
 nozzle gives protection to the patient's lips. - There 
 is absolutely no danger of an electrical shock to either 
 patient or operator. 
 
 Operation 
 
 A slight pressure of the thumb on a push button oper- 
 ates the hot air syringe. * If cold air is wanted, the 
 button is pressed but half way down. < Additional 
 pressure closes the electrical connection through the heat- 
 ing element and in a few seconds time the desired temper- 
 ature is obtained and same can be maintained for an in- 
 definite period. 
 
50 
 
 "The Tiitter Hot <^ir Syringe 
 
 Ritter Hot Air Sy?''inge 
 
 PROTECTING 
 SPRING 
 
The T(itter iy//r Cut -Off 51 
 
 T'fotcctifig Spr///g 
 
 A protecting spring is provided for the tubing at the 
 instrument connection, which prevents the tubing break- 
 ing or cracking at that point by reason of same being bent 
 at a sharp angle. '' This insures longer life to the tub- 
 ing and eliminates the possibility of the air being shut 
 off wholly or in part as often occurs when tubing is bent 
 at a sharp angle when in operation. ^ The tubing can 
 be readily replaced in a few moments in case of necessity, 
 as both ends of same . are provided with threaded 
 connections. 
 
 The I^itter zAir Qut-Off and 
 Switch Handles 
 
 The construction of both the hot air syringe and switch 
 handles is such that neither the patient nor operator is 
 in danger at any time of an electrical shock or other 
 discomfort. 
 
 Protecting springs are provided at the handle con- 
 nections to prevent the tubing and wiring from breaking 
 or cracking at that point by reason of same being bent at 
 a sharp angle. 
 
 The tubing of the air cut-off can be readily replaced 
 in a few moments in case of necessity as both ends are 
 provided with threaded connections. ^ Both the air 
 cut-off and switch handles are balanced and proportioned 
 so they can be held in the hand without inconvenience 
 and used for long periods without causing fatigue. 
 
 The push button type switch handle is intended for 
 use with the cautery, which with the transformer wind- 
 ing in the Rittcr Distributing Panels and Unit E(]uip- 
 ments makes it possible for these instruments to become 
 
52 
 
 The %itter ^ir Q^t-Off 
 
 Ritter Air Cut-Off a7td Switch Handles 
 
 Push Button 
 
 Type 
 
 Switch Handle 
 
 Air Cut-Off 
 
rhe %ltter ^Air C^^^'^Vf 
 
 S3 
 
 more generally used than heretofore as this construction 
 permits the operator to turn on the current by pushing 
 the button switch, after the cautery is in the mouth or 
 
 after having passed the patient's 
 vision, thereby causing no alarm 
 to the patient as would be the 
 case if he observed the white 
 '-i^v^^^ -^^ hot cautery point entering his 
 
 mouth. 
 
 The sliding sleeve switch 
 
 handle is intended for the other 
 
 electrical instruments in which 
 
 the current is not turned on and ofif as often as the cautery. 
 
 A patented spring clip on the Ritter Air Cut-off pre- 
 vents spray bottles from becoming accidentally detached 
 or disconnected and 
 makes it unnecessary 
 for the operator to 
 hold bottles in place 
 with the consequent 
 discomfort and in- 
 convenience, especi- 
 ally when solutions 
 are used at the high- 
 er temperatures. 
 
 yV/£ rare delight that is experienced by a practitioner whose 
 offices are equipped with modern devices that make for efficiency^ 
 as well as safety and comfort to both himself and patients^ is 
 ample return for their cost. 
 
54 
 
 Tijjter Electrical Instruments 
 
 Ritter Rlectf^ical histruments 
 For Distributifig Panels a7id XJnit Equipments 
 
 A 
 
 B C 
 
 fi JU 
 
 Columbia Distributing Panel Instruments 
 
 G — Cautery. 
 
 H — Bulb for Antrum Lamp. 
 
 A — Bleacher Point. 
 
 B — Gutta Percha Excavator (Left). 
 
 C — Gutta Percha Excavator (Right). 
 
 D— Ball Point. 
 
 E— Wax Spatula. 
 
 F — Antrum Lamp Holder with Mirror. 
 
 I — Bulb for Examination Lamp. 
 
 J — Root Canal Drier. 
 K — Root Canal Drier. 
 L — Examination Lamp, complete. 
 
lijjter- electrical Instruments 55 
 
 £lectrical Ixstruments 
 
 FOR I^TTER T>ISrRIBUTING TANEL 
 
 AND Unit Equipment 
 
 Qaiitery 
 
 The uses of the cautery are innumerable, although it 
 is of especial value in the removal of tissue, puncturing 
 of abscesses and the arresting of hemorrhages, for it is 
 painless and its use leaves no deleterious after effects. 
 
 examination cQamp 
 
 Extreme brilliancy without excessive heat is made 
 possible in the Ritter lamp by the use of a special fila- 
 ment. '' It can be used for operations, diagnosing and 
 similar work the same as the standard hand mirror, with- 
 out giving any discomfort to the patient or inconvenience 
 to the operator. 
 
 zAntruDi J^inip 
 
 Especially desirable for transillumination, and for 
 diagnostic work of all kinds, where a confined spot of 
 light of maximum brilliancy is desired. < The bulb of 
 the Ritter Antrum Lamp is of special shape with a new 
 type filament which gives maximum brilliancy with mini- 
 mum heat. 
 
 bleacher Toi?it 
 
 Extensively used for bleaching the teeth and for work- 
 ing wax inlays. 
 
^6 Tetter Electrical Instruments 
 
 T{^ot Qanal Tarter 
 
 Drier points can be inserted in the canal column and 
 then heated or may be heated beforehand and then in- 
 serted, after which the temperature can be regulated as 
 desired. ^ The points of the Ritter Root Canal Driers 
 are made of silver, which is an excellent conductor of 
 heat and not subject to corrosion. 
 
 Wax Spatula 
 
 Used extensively for preparing and trimming wax 
 inlays for casting, and for removing crowns set with gutta 
 percha and other tough or hard mediums. 
 
 Qutta T'ercha Excavators 
 
 A pair of excavators, one right and one left, will be 
 found very useful for the removal of gutta percha fillings 
 as well as for the insertion of the same material, which 
 requires the maintenance of a uniform temperature for 
 proper application. 
 
 "^all Toint 
 
 This handy little instrument is especially desirable 
 when heated to the higher temperatures for softening fill- 
 ings so that they can be readily removed. 
 
 The construction of the heating elements in the Ritter 
 Bleacher, Canal Drier, Wax Spatula, Gutta Percha Ex- 
 cavator and Ball Point are such that any desired tempera- 
 ture can be obtained almost instantly and can be main- 
 tained for any length of time at the will of the operator, 
 and are made so that they will give continued good serv- 
 ice for an indefinite period with ordinary care and 
 attention. 
 
%itter zAir Filter 
 
 57 
 
 T<1 
 
 ITER ^yliR Filter 
 
 (^1^^ ITTER air filters will be found very essential 
 
 (^ / / ^ additions to air lines not equipped with air 
 
 filters or purifiers, for they automatically 
 
 cleanse the air that is being forced into the patient's mouth 
 
 through the hot air syringe and spray bottles. 
 
 This is especially true in the 
 larger cities or in manufacturing 
 districts where the atmosphere is 
 certain to be contaminated with 
 soot and dirt and the humidity 
 varies to a great extent. ^ The 
 installation of a Ritter Air Filter 
 will remove all foreign matter, 
 making it possible to have clean 
 air of a uniform humidity at all 
 times. 
 ,^ These filters can be readily 
 
 I B attached to any air line or on a 
 
 I B compressor tank; they require 
 
 I S practically no attention; cost noth- 
 
 ■ I ing to operate; will eliminate dirt 
 
 I Wl interfering with the air syringe 
 
 ^^r^^^ and spray bottles and keep the 
 
 ^ piping and fittings clean. 
 
 Ritter Distributing Panels and 
 Unit Ecjuipmcnts are regularly 
 c()uipped with filters of this type, but in extreme cases 
 where there is an excess amount of dust and soot in the 
 air or along the seashore where the air is heavily charged 
 with moisture, we advocate the use of one of our large 
 air filters (preferably attached to air tank) in addition 
 to the small filter supplied with tlie panel and unit. 
 
Twitter Spray 'Bottles 
 
 "BETTER Spray "Bottles 
 
 A combination of spray bottles, styles A, B and C, 
 together with a tumbler or water glass, comprises a com- 
 plete set for use in either Ritter Warmers or those of 
 other manufacture. ^ Both the bottles and tips can be 
 readily sterilized by boiling in hot water, or in the case 
 of the metal tips by passing through a flame, although 
 we recommend boiling in hot water or antiseptic solution. 
 
 Style ^ 
 
 The spray tube revolves, permit- 
 ting spraying at any desired angle. 
 The extension is curved and the tip 
 being acorn shape makes it especially 
 desirable for spraying solutions of 
 oil, water or alcohol between the 
 teeth and gums and into pus pockets. 
 Aromatic or antiseptic solutions can 
 be applied to the mouth in the form 
 
 of a very fine, soft spray and without any possibility of 
 
 irritation to the gums. 
 
 Style S 
 
 Equipped with an adjustable point making it possible 
 to render a spray up, down or forward. ^ It is equally 
 suitable for oil, water or alcoholic solutions as well as for 
 cleansing and antiseptic preparations 
 and can be used when so desired for 
 spraying from any bottle or open 
 vessel. ' The spray given is not as 
 soft or fine as from the Style A bottle, 
 but is very essential and desirable for 
 any kind of work where added force 
 or a large spray is necessary. 
 
'J(ijter Spray ''Bottles 
 
 59 
 
 Style C 
 
 This style produces a fine 
 stream instead of a spray or mist, 
 is supplied with a gold tip which 
 can be bent to any desired angle, 
 and is used extensively in pyorrhea 
 and work of a similar character. 
 
 Tu/nhler 
 
 Can be furnished in either clear or opal glass, the 
 former being used, as a rule, for mouth washes and the 
 latter for antiseptic solutions for dental 
 instruments, y They are made of special 
 annealed glass that will withstand changes 
 in temperature and fit snugly the openings 
 in the spray warmer tops. 
 
 TNSTRUMEN1\S and equipment of accuracy and precision in 
 the hands of the average intelligent operator are productive of 
 better results than the most skillful operator could accomplish with 
 an inferior e(iuipment. 
 
6o 
 
 The ^Rijter Spray l^ottle Warmer 
 
 The I^tter Spray Bottle 
 Warmer 
 
 Dimensions : Base 6x6 inches 
 
 \^/ HIS attractive apparatus not only provides a convenient 
 / ' y method of keeping aromatic and antiseptic solutions at 
 ^^ the desired temperature, but it is an entirely sanitary 
 
 method of introducing liquids into the mouth, contrasting greatly 
 
 with the old type hand syringe. 
 
 It is made of selected Mexican Onyx, with polished nickel trim- 
 mings and fittings, with a capacity of five spray bottles or tumblers. 
 
 The three point heat regulator, connected w^ith two electric 
 bulbs, makes it possible to maintain the contents of the spray bottles 
 at practically any desired temperature and at the same time furn- 
 ishing sufficient illumination to display the beauty of the Onyx. 
 
 The base is fitted with four rubber cushioned feet and is remov- 
 able, making it a simple matter to replace electric bulbs when 
 necessary. Complete outfit includes one each styles A, B and C 
 Ritter Spray bottles, complete with tips, one spray bottle with 
 screw cap, one clear glass tumbler, two electric bulbs and seven feet 
 of silk extension cord with socket plug attached. 
 
The 'Huter Unit Equipment 6i 
 
 I'HE 1{iTTER Unit £quipment 
 
 HE resources and experience of our organization, 
 coupled with valued advice from members of 
 the profession, made possible the perfection of 
 
 the Ritter Unit Equipment, an operating outfit in keeping 
 
 with the marked progress of dentistry. 
 
 The complete operating equipment, including an 
 engine, fountain cuspidor, bracket table, spray bottle 
 warmer, compressed air appliances, ionization outfit and 
 a complete set of electrical instruments, is placed in a 
 limited amount of space, within immediate reach of the 
 operator, yet without the sacrifice of practicability, con- 
 venience or efficiency. 
 
 The unit equipment will be found equally practical 
 whether the operator has an assistant or not, as ample 
 provision has been made for an assistant to work at the 
 left of the chair, within instant reach of the various elec- 
 trical instruments, spray bottles, drinking water, cuspidor, 
 engine and bracket table without interfering in any way 
 with the operator's work, or these same appliances can be 
 readily reached and used by the operator without the 
 necessity of changing his position. 
 
 Tech'stal 
 
 A metal pedestal, beautifully finished, contains the 
 various switches, controls, indicators, instruments, etc., 
 and all connections to same, including electrical, gas, 
 water and air, are made preferably under the floor to 
 eliminate all tubes, pipes and cords from view. 
 
62 
 
 The %itter Unit Equipment 
 
 The Ritter U?iit Equipment 
 
 Front View 
 f'QUIPPED with Clark No. 55 Single Bowl Cuspidor, Monarch 
 Trap and Bosworth Table. 
 
The Tiitter Unit E'quipment 
 
 63 
 
 The Ritter Unit Equipme?it 
 
 Front Hiw 
 
 CQL'IPPED with White Porcelain Sub-Base, Clark No. 65 Double 
 Bowl Cuspidor and Boswonh Table. 
 
64 
 
 The Tetter Unit Equipment 
 
 The Ritter Unit Kquipment 
 
 Side View 
 Equipped with Clark No. 65 Double Bowl Cuspidor and Bos- 
 worth Table. 
 
The 'liitter Unit E'quipment 
 
 65 
 
 Cng'nie 
 
 A Model "C" Ritter Engine is supported on a swing- 
 ing arm in correct position for operator, with ample 
 extension, both vertical and horizontal, to meet any con- 
 dition that might arise. '' For detailed description of 
 the Model "C" Engine refer to pages 22 to 37. 
 
 Qispido?- 
 
 Single or double bowl cuspidors of the various manu- 
 facturers can be mounted on a supporting arm at the cor- 
 rect height to accommodate patients of any size irrespec- 
 tive of position of chair. 
 
 electric Instrunieuts and o^ir ^Appliances 
 
 Electric instruments and air appliances are complete 
 in every detail, in fact, the many exclusive features of 
 The Ritter Distributing Panel have been incorporated 
 
 in the Unit Equipment, in- 
 cluding the improved trans- 
 former, automatic instru- 
 ment holder, automatic 
 take-up device for cords 
 and tubes, which return 
 automatically and disap- 
 pear in pedestal when in- 
 struments are returned to 
 holders. < Readily acces- 
 sible receptacles are pro- 
 vided for extra electric in- 
 struments. ' For detailed 
 description of electrical and 
 
 Receptacles are provided for the spare or extra COmprCSSCd air mStrUmCUtS 
 electrical initruments so that they are in a fcfcr tO patjeS 49 tO 56. 
 convenient place for immediate use. 
 
 ^'wm 
 
 ^->^^^ 
 ^^@^ 
 
66 
 
 The 'IRJJier Unit Equipment 
 
 The Ritter Unit Rquipmefit 
 
 yrlhL, be found equally as practical and efficient whether the operator 
 has an assistant or not, as ample provision has been made for an 
 assistant to work at the left of the chair within instant reach of 
 the various electrical instruments and other appliances, or the same 
 can be readily reached and used by the operator without the 
 necessity of change of position. 
 
'The "Kltter Unit Cquipment 
 
 67 
 
 The Ritter U?iit Equipme?it 
 
 Rear V'leiv 
 
 £*QUIPPED with Weber No. 45 Single Howl Cuspidor and Bos- 
 worth Tabic. 
 
68 
 
 The Tetter Unit Equipment 
 
 The Ritter U?iii Equipment 
 
 Front View 
 
 oHOWING cuspidor, electric and air instruments and regulators, spray warmers 
 and bottles, switches, gas cock, fuses, ionization socket terminal, ionization 
 regulator and dial, air gauges for hot air syringe and air cut-ofF, call bell push 
 buttons, etc., all in a limited amount of space within immediate reach of the 
 operator, yet without the sacrifice of practicability, convenience or efficiency. 
 
The liuter Unit Cquipment 69 
 
 lonizdtiofi Outfit 
 
 A complete ionization outfit is a component of the 
 Unit. ' A Motor Generator or Motor Transformer is 
 mounted on the back of the pedestal to supply the correct 
 current. 
 
 A milli-ampere meter at the top of the pedestal is 
 in plain view of the operator, below which is a regulator 
 with graduated dial ; the connection cords leading to 
 patient are readily attached to a convenient socket in the 
 face of the pedestal. " The ionization outfit also pro- 
 vides a very safe means for testing the vitality of pulps 
 of teeth. '' For detailed description of the Ionization 
 Equipment refer to pages 79 to 85. 
 
 Waste and Water Supply T'ipes 
 
 Waste and water supply pipes are located mainly on 
 the outside of the pedestal and provide no chance of 
 contact or interference with the electric wiring or 
 mechanism contained within the pedestal. 
 
 Specifications 
 
 Pedestal — Metal casting, beautifully finished in 
 enamel with nickel trimmings. 
 
 Engine — Model "C Ritter all cord or cable type, 
 with swivel motor, suspended elbow arm, belt adjuster, 
 portable controller, giving four speeds forward and re- 
 verse, fitted with removable plug to pedestal. ^ Engine 
 can be readily removed without detaching wires or 
 connections. 
 
 Cuspidor — Unique construction of the supporting 
 arm (containing waste water passage) insures sufficient 
 drainage for both single and double bowl cuspidors and 
 
70 
 
 "The Titter Unit Equipment 
 
 The Ritter Unit Equipment 
 
 Rear View 
 
 O ROWING gas cock, ionization generator, full voltage branch 
 circuit plug and sectional view of air filter. 
 
The "Kifter Unit E'quipment 71 
 
 is arranged to take all models of single and double bowl 
 cuspidors manufactured by A. C. Clark & Co. and the 
 Weber Dental Mfg. Co., which concerns furnish their 
 cuspidors, built with all fittings ready to attach to the 
 Unit. 
 
 BR.ACKET Tables — Bracket tables of any manufacture 
 can be attached to the double swinging bracket table arms. 
 
 lOXIZATIOX Equipaient — A complete outfit, includ- 
 ing Motor Transformer or Motor Generator, milli- 
 ampere meter, current regulator and complete set of elec- 
 trodes and needles. 
 
 Compressed Air Equipment— Air filter and separ- 
 ator attached to pedestal. ' Two Air Regulators; Two 
 Air Gauges; One Hot Air Syringe; One Air Cut-off; 
 Four Spray Bottles (one each style A, B and C, complete 
 with tips) ; One Clear Glass Tumbler; Four Spray Bottle 
 Warmers with three point Heat Regulators controlled 
 by switches. 
 
 Electrical Equipment — Automatic Instrument 
 Holder; One Examination Lamp; Two Gutta Percha 
 Excavators; Two Root Canal Driers; One Ball Point; 
 One Cautery; One Wax Spatula; Three Switch Handles 
 for use with above instruments; one master switch for 
 high voltage circuit; one master switch for low voltage 
 (instrument) circuit; Six switches for controlling branch 
 circuits to engine. Ionization Outfit, Lathe, Air Compres- 
 sor, etc.; Six Fuse Receptacles with insulated caps; Four 
 Regulators with locking devices controlling low voltage 
 instruments; One main line Pilot Lamp, Two Call Bell 
 Buttons. 
 
72 
 
 'The Hijter Automatic <LAir (Compressor 
 
 The Ritter Automatic ytir Compressor 
 
 ^-f=«id^ 
 
 yyYTY{ special twenty gallon tank, makes a very efficient outfit for 
 several operators who are drawing their supply of air from the 
 same source or for use in laboratories where considerable soldering, 
 melting and casting is done. 
 
The ^Kijter ^Automatic <^ir Q'ompressor n\ 
 
 The I^tter ^yTuroMATic <^ir 
 Compressor 
 
 ^^/ ^ HE value of and the use of compressed air or 
 V_y pneumatics in operative dentistry has shown a 
 marked increase during the past few years and 
 this coupled with the many uses to which air under pres- 
 sure can be used in the laboratory, created a demand for 
 a high grade air compressor outfit that would work auto- 
 matically. < We believe that the Ritter Automatic Air 
 Compressor has answered the purpose, for hundreds of 
 them have been installed and are in daily use (some under 
 the most trying conditions) in all parts of the world. 
 
 The Ritter Compressor is built along strictly modern 
 lines and has many unique features embodied in its con- 
 struction which coupled with the high quality of Ritter 
 workmanship and materials results in a finished product 
 that can be relied upon to give continued good service 
 and entire satisfaction. 
 
 It is absolutely automatic in its operation, maintaining 
 any desired pressure without attention and can be used in 
 connection with either The Ritter Unit Equipment, 
 The Ritter Distributing Panel, or any type of panel or 
 switch board. * Tt may also be used in the laboratory 
 without a panel, unit or switch board connection. 
 
 A two cylinder pump is used, providing double the 
 pumping capacity of a single cylinder, since each turn 
 of the drive wheel compresses air in both cylinders, thus 
 
74 
 
 The %itter zAutomatic ^ir Compressor 
 
 The Ritter Air Compressor 
 
 WITH METAL COVER 
 
 WITH GLASS HOOD 
 
 JJ^YYYi standard eight gallon tank. Metal cover is regularly furnished 
 to enclose the motor and pump, or a glass hood can be obtained in 
 place of the metal cover, which exposes to view all running parts 
 of the compressor. 
 
The fitter ^Automatic zAir Compressor 75 
 
 the desired pressure is thereby secured in half the time. 
 The consumption of electric current by our compressor 
 is but slightly more than by single cylinder compressors 
 and its efficiency is demonstrated by the fact that it will 
 fill an eight gallon tank to 40 pounds pressure in V/^ 
 minutes. 
 
 To eliminate excessive heat (all compressors generate 
 heat when in operation), the cylinders are cooled and 
 kept at the proper operating temperature by means of 
 radiating flanges exposed to the air. < The cylinders 
 and pistons are accurately ground; pistons are fitted with 
 three expansion rings to insure perfect compression. 
 The connecting rods are of bronze and equipped with 
 take-up or adjustment devices so that wear can be readily 
 taken up when necessary. ^ The main shaft is of drop 
 forged steel, accurately ground to fit the bearings and 
 perfectly aligned to insure true running. ^ The work- 
 ing parts of the pump are all enclosed and the pump cast- 
 ing is practically all in one piece, eliminating leakage of 
 oil. 
 
 Vahes 
 
 The valves, both intake and exhaust, are of the quick 
 acting type and are noiseless. ^ They are of special 
 metal, carefully ground and seated, to insure long wear 
 and eliminate air leakage. ^ The ports are large in 
 proportion to the piston area, insuring rapid compression. 
 
 Filter 
 
 A filter is provided at the air in-take to prevent dust 
 or other foreign matter entering the cylinders. ^ The 
 filtering medium is absorbent cotton, placed in a chamber 
 in the filter, which can be opened instantly for the purpose 
 of renewing the cotton. 
 
76 T^he Hitter zAutomatic <Air (Compressor 
 
 Oiling System 
 
 The compressor pump is oiled by means of the Splash 
 System which insures thorough lubrication, for each con- 
 necting rod is provided with a dipper at the bottom which 
 dips into the oil as the shaft revolves and in rising splashes 
 oil throughout the chamber and all working parts. ^ A 
 sight oil feed is provided for convenience, on end of shaft. 
 
 Automatic Su^itch 
 
 Air may be maintained in the reservoir tank at any 
 desired pressure by means of an automatic switch which 
 is constructed to trip the lever and break the electrical 
 connection, thus stopping the motor and the compression 
 
 of air when the maximum desired pressure is reached. 
 When the pressure in the tank falls to a predetermined 
 amount the electrical connection is again automatically 
 established and maintained until the pressure reaches the 
 maximum. 
 
 The switch lever is operated by pressure from a 
 diaphragm, sufficiently strong to insure positive operation 
 and quick action in making and breaking the circuit there- 
 by eliminating the possibility of burning the contact 
 
The ^RUter Automatic '^Air (Compressor 77 
 
 blades. '' The diaphragm is made of metal and can be 
 readily replaced if it should ever be necessary by simply 
 removing a few screws in the end of the automatic switch 
 box and without disturbing any other parts. 
 
 The compressor is operated by an electric motor of 
 high class construction, low current consumption and is 
 in keeping with the Ritter Standard of construction. 
 It develops approximately one-sixth horse power and 
 runs practically noiseless. 
 
 T>rive 
 
 The drive or transmission of power from the motor 
 to the pump is accomplished by means of a wide, flat, 
 leather belt, running on flanged pulleys, which guide the 
 belt and keep same from running ofT. < A self-adjusting 
 idler pulley insures proper tension on the belt at all times. 
 
 The tanks furnished with our compressors are of seam- 
 less, drawn steel, having a capacity of eight gallons, fin- 
 ished in any of our standard enamel finishes. ^ A metal 
 cover is provided to enclose the motor and pump. 
 This cover rests on and is finished to match the air tank. 
 A glass hood can be furnished in place of the metal cover, 
 which exposes to view all running parts of the com- 
 pressor. " Twenty gallon tanks can be furnished in 
 place of the 8 gallon size. 
 
 Fittings 
 
 All fittings for the air line are our metal to metal cone 
 seat design which insures leak proof joints. 
 
78 
 
 The %ijter Tooth Tester 
 
 The T{itter Tooth Tester 
 
 The outfit consists of a transformer, pencil electrode, 
 cheek clamp electrode and connecting wires, providing 
 a rapid and effective means for determining the vitality 
 of pulps of teeth. 
 
 It can be used only when 
 connected to the Ritter Dis- 
 tributing Panel by attaching 
 the transformer to one of 
 the instrument switch handles, 
 which can then be placed on 
 the bracket table or any other 
 convenient place. 
 
 The cheek electrode can 
 be instantly adjusted and 
 causes no inconvenience to the 
 patient. ^ The pencil elec- 
 trode point is fitted with a 
 wire to be applied to the tooth 
 to be tested. 
 
 A three point switch in 
 addition to the twenty point 
 
 Illustration about 1 '■, actual size , i -r» • -r^ • 
 
 regulator on the Kitter Dis- 
 tributing Panel gives a range of sixty different degrees 
 of current making it practically certain that the pulp of 
 the tooth to be tested is devitalized if the patient fails to 
 experience a tingling sensation at one of these sixty points 
 or degrees. 
 
 The complete outfit weighs but a few ounces, is com- 
 pact, easily handled and makes a valuable addition to any 
 Distributing Panel outfit. 
 
'The Tiijter Ionization Equipment 
 
 79 
 
 The Twitter Ionization 
 £ouipment 
 
 6'lectrolytic z^edi cation 
 
 LECTROLYTIC Medication, Electro-Steriliz- 
 ation, Ionic Medication, or Ionization, as it is 
 variously called, is a comparatively new and 
 valuable method of treatment in which drugs are intro- 
 duced into the subcutaneous parts of the body by means 
 of an electric current, and it has become a very important 
 factor in operative dentistry, particularly in the steriliza- 
 tion and preparation of root canals and treatment of 
 abscesses and other pus formations. 
 
 The theory, technic and clinical application of this 
 interesting subject are explained in detail in a 72 page 
 clothbound book which we are distributing gratis to 
 members of the profession upon request. 
 
 Qurrent 'Regulator 
 
 The function of an 
 Ionization instrument or 
 current regulator is to 
 apply electric current 
 gradually and without 
 the slightest interruption, 
 variation or break in the 
 fl(nv and to register the 
 exact amount of current 
 flowing. " The Ritter 
 Ionization Current Reg- 
 ulator was designed particularly with this object in view 
 
 Ritter I'ortable Ionization Current 
 Regulator 
 
8o 
 
 The Tijjter Ionization Cquipment 
 
 and the degree of subdivision of the regulating resistance 
 has been carried out to such an extent that the change in 
 current strength between the divisions is not perceptible 
 in even the most delicate operations. 
 
 The gradual application of the current is accom- 
 plished by turning a regulator button. ^ The dial with 
 which the regulator is equipped is a material aid in the 
 intelligent use of the instrument. ^ This dial is divided 
 into an arbitrarily chosen scale and indicates the amount 
 of resistance which is cut out of the circuit. 
 
 The current indicator is made expressly for us by the 
 Weston Electric Instrument Company and has a range 
 
 from zero to ten milli- 
 amperes with divisions 
 readable in 1-20 of a mil- 
 li-ampere. '' It not only 
 indicates the current flow 
 but measures it accurate- 
 ly. '' A correcting de- 
 vice is provided whereby 
 the needle can be adjust- 
 ed so it will always rest 
 or remain at zero when 
 no current is flowing. 
 
 The Regulator may 
 be placed in any conveni- 
 ent location, either on a 
 small stand beside the 
 chair or on the bracket 
 table, as it is compact and 
 weighs but 2^2 pounds. 
 
 Connection cords of 
 ample length are fur- 
 nished with the regulator for making connection between 
 the generator, the portable regulator and the patient. 
 
 A — Cheek Electrode 
 
 B — Flexible Wire Needle Holder 
 C — Cup Electrode 
 
 D — Standard Needle Holder 
 
The 'Jitter Ionization Equipment 
 
 electrodes 
 
 Our cheek electrode is highly recommended by oper- 
 ators who have used this improved type of electrode, 
 claiming that the patient never complains of the tingling 
 sensation [that always seems to be present with a sponge 
 type electrode when fastened to the face or wTist], and 
 on this account the current can be raised to the maximum 
 ("Irritation Point") much quicker. 
 
 The wire needles fit into the standard needle holder 
 which may be held in the hand of the operator, or simply 
 laid in the mouth on the rubber dam as some operators 
 prefer to use it. '' A flexible holder is also provided 
 for the special spring socket wire needles. 
 
 Zinc wire needles both tapered and blunt, adapted to 
 
 meet all conditions, are furnished 
 always use electrodes 
 with the largest possible - 
 cross section or size in , , ,,, 
 order to reduce the cur- 
 rent density per given 
 area; the tapered needle 
 may be easily shortened 
 until the correct size or 
 diameter is obtained. 
 
 '' It is advisable to 
 
 Only chemically pure 
 zinc should be used for 
 if it contains arsenic or 
 antimony serious results 
 will follow. '' There- 
 fore ordinary commercial 
 zinc should not be used 
 under any circumstances. 
 
 TAPERED 
 
 
 
 R I T T E R 
 
 c;i.r.,uc.iiy p...<. z>..t 
 NEEDLES h, 
 
 Electrolytic Medication 
 
 (IONIZATION! 
 
 
 ;;, Kll im Ul Nil Al Ml G. CO 
 C; »:c. I'l„U,Klpl.,. 
 
 HOC.HISII.K 
 \;.-rf Y...I. 
 
 Ritter Needles tor Electrolytic 
 Medication 
 
 ' Ritter wire needles in zinc 
 
 or copper; pointed, blunt or flat, packed in books of six, 
 
Face Electrode 
 
 82 The '^Rjjter Ionization Equipment 
 
 and special spring socket needles in books of six may be 
 secured from Dental Dealers. 
 
 f^ The cup electrode is used 
 
 to great advantage in treating 
 the gums to alleviate any sore- 
 ness which may be present 
 after filling root canals. 
 
 The face electrode fur- 
 nished is used particularly as 
 an active electrode in the 
 treatment of inflamed nerve tissues of the face. 
 
 Qwrent (generator 
 
 Only an electric current flowing constantly in one 
 direction of not to exceed 40 volts is suitable for ioniza- 
 tion work. 
 
 Therefore the ordinary lighting currents cannot be 
 used without some change. ^ If this supply current is 
 direct of 110 or 220 volts then some means must be pro- 
 vided for reducing it to about 40 volts. ^ This may be 
 done by means of a suitable resistance, but it is not satis- 
 factory because it leaves the patient and operator in actual 
 contact with the main supply wires, and a ground connec- 
 tion at the chair through the fountain cuspidor or through 
 other means subjects both operator and patient to the full 
 line voltage which might result seriously. ^ The small 
 amount of resistance in the circuit will not prevent a 
 severe shock and most writers suggest the use of a rubber 
 apron to prevent ground connections. '' This method 
 of reducing the voltage is not alone unsatisfactory but 
 dangerous, and it is folly for anyone to take chances when 
 a perfectly safe method may be employed. 
 
T^he 'Hijter Ionization Equipment 
 
 83 
 
 ^{otor T^ransfonner 
 
 The Ritter Ionization Outfit 
 for direct current provides the Ritter 
 Motor Transformer which is so con- 
 structed that not more than 40 volts 
 can possibly reach either patient or 
 operator. ^ It consists of a direct 
 current motor with two windings on the 
 armature, and two commutators, thor- 
 oughly insulated from each other. 
 
 Ritter Motor 
 
 Transformer for Direct 
 
 Current 
 
 Ritter Motor 
 
 Generator for Alternating 
 
 Current 
 
 <J)(Cotor Qeiiej-ator 
 
 On alternating current cir- 
 cuits of 110 or 220 volts, means 
 must be provided for obtaining 
 a direct current of 40 volts from 
 the alternating current supply 
 mains. '' This is accomplished 
 by means of the Ritter Motor 
 Generator which consists of an 
 alternating current motor con- 
 nected to a direct current gen- 
 erator, both being contained in 
 one case. ^ The generator or dynamo is constructed to 
 generate 40 volts direct current and has no actual electri- 
 cal connection with the alternating current motor. 
 
 BY USING THE GENERATOR THERE IS 
 POSITIVELY NO DANGER OR POSSIBILITY 
 OF SHOCK TO EITHER PATIENT OR OPER- 
 ATOR AS THE ELECTRIC ENERGY FLOWING 
 IN THE PATIENT CIRCUIT IS PRODUCED 
 THROUGH MAGNETIC INDUCTION ENTIRE- 
 LY, THERE BEING NO ACTUAL ELECTRICAL 
 CONNECTION BETWEEN THE MAIN SUPPLY 
 CURRENT AND THE PATIP:NT CURRENT. 
 
84 '^he T(itter Ionization Equipment 
 
 The generator is practically noiseless and may be 
 located at any convenient place. "^ It is very compact 
 and could, if desired, be placed in the laboratory or any 
 other available place. 
 
 Specifications 
 
 Current Ionization Regulator — Handsomely fin- 
 ished in mahogany enamel, polished nickel trimmings, 
 felt covered base, complete with a 10 milli-ampere meter 
 made especially for us by the Weston Electrical Instru- 
 ment Company, scale reading from zero to 10, graduated 
 into divisions of 1-20 milli-amperes. ^ Correcting 
 device projecting through dustproof opening in glass 
 cover to adjust needle to zero when no current is flowing. 
 Graduated dial indicates amount of resistance cut out of 
 the patient circuit. ' Length of resistance element is 
 12 inches, divided into 1200 sections, making the change 
 in the flow of current from section to section absolutely 
 imperceptible. " Equipped with sockets for connec- 
 tions to the generator and to the electrodes. ^ Weight, 
 iy2 pounds. 
 
 Generator and Transformer — The motor gener- 
 ator and motor transformer are made in our factories of 
 standard Ritter quality and efficiency of operation, com- 
 pletely enclosed in dust proof case, handsomely finished 
 in enamel, polished nickel trimmings. 
 
 The motor generator for use with alternating current 
 consists of an alternating current motor armature and a 
 direct current generator armature, wound on one shaft 
 included in one case. 
 
 The motor transformer for use on direct current con- 
 sists of a direct current motor armature winding and a 
 direct current generator armature winding on the same 
 shaft but not electrically connected in any way. 
 
 In both cases there Is no direct electric connection 
 between patient circuit and main line supply current. 
 
The ^l^tter Ionization Equipment 
 
 Bearings of both generators of very best phosphor 
 bronze with improved self-contained oiling device same 
 as used on Ritter Engines. '' Brushes same as used on 
 Ritter Engines. ^ The A. C. Motor Generator weighs 
 yiYi pounds. '' The D. C. Motor Transformer weighs 
 9^^ pounds. 
 
 Wire Coxxectors — One double pair connectors, silk 
 covered cord with reversible plug for generator regula- 
 tor connections. '' One pair single electrode connectors, 
 one red, one green, for current polarity designation, con- 
 nected to reversible plug. 
 
 Electrodes — Face Electrode — Provided with a con- 
 venient size, mahogany finished, wood handle, with 
 nickel finished metal plate and large knurled thumb screw 
 in the base to facilitate making the wire connections, plate 
 covered with three thicknesses of pure wool felt of the 
 very best quality, which may be easily replaced. 
 
 Cheek Electrode — The spring is of the very best 
 phosphor bronze. '' The plates are threaded on the 
 ends of the spring. < One plate is aluminum, the other 
 is insulated into which a socket is inserted for the wire 
 connection. ^ The spring is covered with renewable 
 rubber tubing. 
 
 Wire Needles — An assortment of thirty-six zinc 
 (99 9-107f> pure) and copper straight, tapered and flat- 
 tened ends for use in both standard and spring socket 
 holder, packed in books of six. 
 
 Flexible Needle Holder — For use with spring socket 
 needles, one end fitted to receive the connection on the 
 wire cord, other fitted to receive the spring socket needle. 
 
 Standard Needle Holder — A hard rubber pencil- 
 like holder for wire needles, with jaw clamps operated 
 by turning upper {i\\<\ of holder. 
 
86 
 
 The Hotter Ionization Cquipment 
 
 The Ritter Ionization Equipment 
 For Direct Current 
 
 For Alternating 
 Current 
 
 r, 
 
 HE Ritter Portable Ionization Equipment illustrated with the proper electrical connections for 
 the apparatus. Supply current to be connected to the Generator. Complete Equipment 
 consists of Ionization Current Regulator, Motor Generator for alternating current or Motor 
 Transformer for direct current; face, cheek and cup electrodes; flexible Needle Holder; 
 Standard Needle Holder; one double connecting cord for Regulator, Generator Connection ; 
 one pair single connectors; Regulator Electrode Connections; 36 assorted zinc and copper, 
 taper, blunt and flat needles. Electrodes, needles and holders illustrated on pages 79 to 85. 
 
'The T^ijter J^aboratory J^the 
 
 The T{irTER J^iBORATORY J(\iTHE 
 
 O DENTAL laboratory is complete without an 
 electric lathe, for this modern electrical appli- 
 ance is used in innumerable ways in routine 
 work, increasing the capacity and efficiency of the average 
 laboratory to such an extent that the lathe soon pays for 
 itself. 
 
 The Ritter Laboratory Lathe is constructed with the 
 same care which is characteristic of all Ritter products 
 and has been designed to deliver the maximum amount 
 of service with minimum expense for operation and main- 
 tenance. 
 
 It is mounted on a base with rubber feet well spread^ 
 to insure a firm foundation and a casing entirely encloses 
 the motor, rendering it absolutely dust and dirt proof. 
 The shaft is near the work table or bench so that the 
 
'The T^ijter J^aboratory Ji^the 
 
 hands can be conveniently rested on same while polishing 
 and grinding. '' Self-oiling cups insure perfect lubrica- 
 tion. '' The switch is up out of the dirt, yet in a con- 
 venient position. < Both alternating current and direct 
 current lathes are practically noiseless in operation. 
 
 Speeds 
 
 Four speeds are provided from 1,000 to 3,000 revolu- 
 tions per minute on the direct current and from 1,200 to 
 
 3,600 on the alternating 
 
 / 
 
 Speed Regulating Switch for Direct Current 
 Lathe. Graduated Button marked Speed Reg- 
 ulator controls the four speeds, each one being 
 indicated. 
 
 current lathe. '' The 
 various speeds are con- 
 trolled by a regulator 
 button conveniently 
 placed on the front of the 
 case. ' Practically the 
 same power is obtained 
 at all speeds, with but 
 little or no variation and 
 are under control at all 
 times. 
 
 'hearings 
 
 The bearings are in- 
 terchangeable and in 
 length equivalent to five 
 times the diameter of the 
 shaft, insuring maximum 
 service. 
 
 "^rush 'ijidjustment 
 
 Carbon brushes are used, which can be easily adjusted 
 and can be readily replaced when necessary. ^ They 
 are amply large and will give long and continued good 
 service. 
 
The T{ijter J^boratory J^ithe 89 
 
 More than !« horse power is developed by the Ritter 
 lathe, rendering it sufficiently powerful for any class of 
 work required in the dental laboratory. 
 
 Cconoiuy 
 
 The amount of current necessary to operate either the 
 direct or alternating current types is less than consumed 
 bv a sixteen candle power carbon lamp. 
 
 The shaft is made of high-grade hardened steel, 
 ground to size and fitted with hardened steel sleeves 
 which in turn run in bearings of the very best metal for 
 the purpose. ^ This construction insures long service 
 as it is possible to renew the sleeves and bearing bushings 
 when they become worn by long use. 
 
 CONSTRUCTION OF LATHE, ARMATURE SHAFT AND BEARINGS 
 
 A. Steel Sleeve or Tube. 
 
 B. Lumen Metal Bearings in which the steel tube revolves and 
 
 with it the armature. 
 
 C. Brass Washer to hold Felt Washer in place, to exclude pumice 
 
 and other abrasivet from bearings. 
 U. Felt Washer placed in recessed end of Lumen metal bearing B, 
 E. Screw to hold steel tube to shaft. 
 
90 
 
 T^he T{ijter J^boratory J^the 
 
 ( OMPLETE Armature and Speed Regulating Device for Alternating 
 
 Current Lathe. 
 
 CjENERAL Construction of Alternating Current Lathe. 
 
 C^ENERAL Construction of Direct Current Lathe. 
 
T/zc" '^Ritter I^iboratory J^athe 91 
 
 J^ibricatio)! 
 
 Positive lubrication is insured as the bearings are oiled 
 bv means of special oil reservoirs fitted with wicks which 
 supply the oil by capillary attraction. 
 
 Finish 
 
 Ritter Lathes are regularly finished in black enamel, 
 with gold striping and all exposed metal parts heavily 
 nickeled, presenting a pleasing appearance and insuring 
 maximum service. 
 
 £huck T^mol^ef's 
 
 The Ritter Lathe is provided with chuck removers 
 consisting of bronze nuts with handles attached, faced 
 with steel and mounted directly on a threaded bearing 
 bushing, requiring only a slight turn to disengage the 
 chuck. * The removers work on long bearings to insure 
 great length of life. " The chucks on which the 
 abrasive and polishing wheels are mounted can be fitted 
 instantly to the tapering end of shaft and can be as easily 
 removed. 
 
 Eight Chucks are regularly supplied with the Ritter 
 Lathe, numbers 1 to 6 inclusive for holding the various 
 abrasive wheels, number 7, a left handed taper screw 
 chuck for cones and brush wheels and number 8, an 
 adjustable chuck for holding handpiece burs. 
 
 Lf/^I"^ are living in an age where advanced learning demands 
 that dental equipment shall keep pace with the refinement 
 of dental technique. 
 
92 
 
 T'he Tiitter Three Wheel Qhuck 
 
 The Tetter Three Wheel 
 Chuck 
 
 ^{ X /HERE the lathe is used for general labora- 
 V V tory work the annoyance of changing the 
 
 chucks or wheels can be eliminated by the 
 use of a three wheel chuck, which makes it possible to 
 have three wheels of dififerent materials, width and size, 
 mounted on one chuck, so that various kinds of grinding 
 can be done in the most efficient manner. 
 
 The Ritter Three Wheel Lathe Chuck, while being 
 primarily made for use on either the right or left side 
 of the Ritter Electric Lathe, can also be used on any lathe 
 using Ritter Style Chucks. 
 
The Tijjter Facility £huck 
 
 9Z 
 
 The "Jitter Facility C^uck 
 
 t^iMM^MMi 
 
 HE facility chuck enables the operator to keep 
 his polishing wheels constantly mounted for 
 they can be instantly attached to or removed 
 from the laboratory lathe 
 while the same is running, 
 thus eliminating the neces- 
 sity for taking the chuck 
 off the lathe, removing the 
 wheel, putting another 
 wheel on the chuck, replac- 
 ing the chuck on the lathe 
 or going through any other 
 procedure usually em- 
 ployed in making these 
 changes. ^ The facility 
 chuck can remain perma- 
 nently attached to the lathe 
 
 To release the threaded taper spindle while 
 motor is running, grasp outside ot chuck shell 
 with one hand, as shown above, then immedi- 
 ately push same forward, after which the taper 
 or can be instantly removed spindle can be removed by puUing it out of the 
 if ^n rlp<;irprl chuck with the other hand. 
 
 The body of the facility chuck is made of phosphor 
 bronze with a taper bore to fit the taper of the shaft. 
 The opposite end has a steel sleeve lining to prevent wear 
 by constant interchanging of spindles. " The interior 
 of the chuck contains threaded steel jaws, the action of 
 which is governc(i by the sliding movement of the chuck 
 shell; by pushing the chuck shell forward the jaws are 
 
94 
 
 T^ijter J^boratory J^the Qhucks 
 
 extended and the spindle 
 easily removed and when 
 released the shell is in- 
 stantly returned to normal 
 position by means of a 
 spring. 
 
 Four arbors are fur- 
 nished with each facility 
 „ , . ^, ,, , , , „ • . chuck to provide for keep- 
 
 Releasing hold on chuck shell permits it to ^ '^ 
 
 automatically return to its normal working posi- jng that UUmber of pollsh- 
 tion, thus permitting another taper spindle to be , 
 
 applied without stopping the lathe. crs mouuteQ permanently. 
 
 TETTER J^BORATORY 
 J^THE (JHUCKS 
 
 These eight chucks are regularly supplied with the 
 Ritter Laboratory Lathe. Numbers 1 to 6 for holding 
 various abrasive wheels. No. 7, left handed taper screw 
 chuck for cones and brush wheels. No. 8, adjustable 
 chuck for holding handpiece burs. No. 1 right, hub 
 %" in diameter. No. 2 left, hub %" in diameter. No. 3 
 right, hub Ke" in diameter. No. 4 left, hub Vxq in diame- 
 ter. No. 5 right, hub /4" in diameter. No. 6 left, hub 
 %" in diameter. 
 
"^tter Hand-Tiece -Attachment 
 
 95 
 
 Hand-Tiece ^Attachment 
 
 for %itter I:;jboratory Ji\ithe 
 
 HIS attachment consists of a fitting which en- 
 ables a flexible shaft to be operated with the 
 lathe in connection with the usual engine hand- 
 piece, providing a most convenient and practical means 
 of using the smaller dental engine instruments in the 
 laboratory for innumerable kinds of work such as finish- 
 ing plate work, for touching up articulation, for grinding 
 teeth and bridge work and trimming and finishing after 
 soldering. ^ 'i'he attachment readily fits on the taper 
 ^ni\ iA the lathe shaft and is applied and removed as 
 (juickly as one of the lathe chucks. 
 
S6 
 
 T(ijter Six \)olt Storage liatteries 
 
 "BETTER Six Volt Storage 
 
 "Batteries for Operating 1{£tter 
 
 Engines and J^thes 
 
 /^^<fX^ TORAGE Batteries for the operation of our 
 \Z^ engines and lathes are intended for use in 
 localities where no supply current of elec- 
 tricity is available during the day. '' Ritter Engines 
 and Lathes for use on battery current are constructed to 
 operate efficiently and at minimum cost, and when the 
 batteries are properly installed and cared for the service 
 rendered will be found very satisfactory. 
 
 Ritter Six Volt Storage Battery, which will operate both the engine and lathe. 
 
T{ijter Six X'o// Storage ''Batteries ^y 
 
 The 'lijftcr Sfonige ^Battery 
 
 Ritter storage batteries are made for us by one of the 
 leading battery manufacturers universally known for the 
 exceptional high quality of their product and every bat- 
 terv is covered by their broad guarantee which insures 
 satisfaction to the purchaser. 
 
 Qharg'nig from T)irect Qurrciit 
 
 In some localities, Electric Light Companies supply 
 110 volt direct current, but at night only, under which 
 circumstances the batteries can be charged during the 
 night and be available for running the engine and lathe 
 during the day. 
 
 It is necessary to place a resistance in the path of the 
 charging current to prevent too great a flow of electricity 
 and a simple knife switch should be provided to cut ofip 
 the current after the batteries are charged, as indicated 
 when the solution begins to bubble freely. 
 
 Glass jars are used with Ritter Batteries for it is im- 
 portant that the same be kept well filled with the acid 
 solution, which can be readily ascertained when glass 
 jars are used, but is rather difficult with the sealed type of 
 batteries such as used in automobiles. 
 
 C^iiJf'gifig from <LAltcniating Quir/it 
 
 The charging current for batteries must always flow 
 in the same direction and as alternating current changes 
 its direction or flow many times each minute, it is not 
 suitable for charging purposes until it has been trans- 
 formed into direct current, for which purpose a rectifier 
 is necessary to receive the alternating current and trans- 
 form it to direct current. 
 
98 
 
 ^Rltter Six \)olt Storage 'batteries 
 
 The %itter T^ectifier 
 
 The Ritter Rectifier contains but seven parts, con- 
 sisting of a frame to hold the outfit; a cut-out switch to 
 control the supply current; a transformer to reduce the 
 current from 1 10 or 220 volts, as the case may be, to the 
 proper voltage to charge the battery, an ammeter to show 
 the amount of current the rectifier is delivering; a recti- 
 fier receptacle to hold the solution; the electrolyte and 
 aluminum electrode. ^ The only care that the rectifier 
 requires is to clean the receptacle containing the solution 
 occasionally, with diluted sulphuric acid. 
 
 The solution and 
 aluminum electrode 
 should be replaced every 
 three or four months, the 
 time depending upon 
 how often the rectifier is 
 used to charge the bat- 
 tery. '' When a renew- 
 al is necessary, both the 
 chemical for the solution 
 and the aluminum elec- 
 trodes can be obtained of 
 any dental dealer at a 
 very nominal cost. 
 
 (^ost of operation 
 
 Ritter six volt engines 
 consume from 2^^ to 5 
 amperes of current ac- 
 cording to the load, so 
 that they would operate 
 from one charge of the 
 However, as the battery 
 
 Ritter Rectifier and Six Volt Storage Battery 
 
 battery for five or six days, f 
 
'^Rijter Six \.^olt Storage ''Batteries o^ 
 
 should never be entirely exhausted it is advisable to 
 charge the same several times each week in accordance 
 with the directions accompanying each outfit. 
 
 The Ritter six volt laboratory lathe consumes from 
 six to seven amperes of current or practically double that 
 of the engine. 
 
 Assuming that the average practitioner uses the engine 
 two hours and the lathe one hour each day, the total con- 
 sumption of current from the batteries would be approxi- 
 mately fifteen ampere hours making the cost of operation 
 of the engine about l^/^c per hour and the lathe 3c per 
 hour, figuring the supply current at an average cost of 
 12c per kilowatt hour. 
 
 yds an aid in the practice of dentistry^ modern equipment is 
 essential and in ejficient dentistry a necessity. 
 
 The value of electricity and compressed air as operative agents 
 is unquestioned. They are not considered an unnecessary addition 
 to equipment nor a mere convenience^ for both time and experience 
 have demonstrated their positive need for certain classes of work 
 that were heretofore impossible to perform without their aid. 
 
 The electric engine^ lathe^ air compressor and other modern 
 equipment have become just as essential in the average practitioner s 
 daily work as the dental chair itself. 
 
lOO 
 
 ^Vacuum Attachment 
 
 Vacuum ^Attachment 
 
 For T^ttei' ^Automatic At?' Compressor Unit 
 
 ANY practitioners are using vacuum in 
 their practice for removing blood, chips 
 and waste matter from teeth and all parts 
 
 of the oral cavity, for casting inlays, for massaging and 
 
 in the treatment of pyorrhea. 
 
 By the addition of an extra 
 air tank and a few fittings The 
 Ritter Air Compressor Unit 
 can be used both for deliver- 
 ing compressed air and for 
 creating a vacuum and wher- 
 ever these outfits have been 
 installed they have given en- 
 tirely satisfactory service. 
 
 To create vacuum in the 
 Vacuum tank, valves one and 
 three are closed and valves 
 two and four are opened. 
 Approximately 2^ minutes 
 are required to create a 
 vacuum of 24 inches and 5 
 minutes for 26 inches. 
 
 To maintain the vacuum, valve two is closed and one 
 and three are opened, after which four is closed, in which 
 position the compressor will continue to run forcing air 
 into the compressed air tank, provided the pressure in 
 same is below the minimum, 30 pounds. ^ If above 
 minimum the pump will automatically stop. 
 
 When the desired vacuum is obtained the motor is 
 stopped either by opening the main switch or by cutting 
 out the vacuum tank by means of the valve as explained 
 above, for the motor will not stop automatically when 
 creating a vacuum. 
 
'The %ijter Siib-T^ase 
 
 lOI 
 
 I'UE %I^TTER SUB-'BASE 
 
 For The "T^J^tfer Unit Equipment 
 
 COn 
 
 ITTER white porcelain, enameled sub-bases are very 
 (^ J J ^ durable, can be readily cleaned.give a finishing touch 
 ^-^ ^-^ to the base of the unit, and protect the finish of same, 
 for the porcelain is not affected by water and will not readily chip, 
 mar or scale. 
 
 When it is necessary to install 
 the unit with piping exposed 
 above the floor, the sub-base is 
 absolutely essential and makes 
 the installation a simple matter, 
 as outlets are provided in the 
 sub-base for the piping and the 
 height of same gives ample room 
 in which to make all connec- 
 tions. 
 
 Ritter Sub-Bases are fur- 
 nished in three different styles 
 to provide for various methods 
 of installation and we recom- 
 mend the use of one with every Unit Equipment. 
 
 Style A — For piping that is run through the floor or concealed. 
 See illustration of unit with style A sub-base on page 63. 
 
 Style B— Where 
 pipes are exposed 
 above the floor, run- 
 ning from the wall 
 and entering unit at 
 the back. 
 
 Style C— For pipes 
 
 exposed above the 
 
 floor, running from 
 
 GAS^^ \X^^// //^fM-^ the wall and entering 
 
 WATER end of unit. 
 
 SUPPLY 
 
 GAS 
 
 WASTE'PIPE/ ^^ ELECTRIC 
 WATER AIR CONDUITS 
 SUPPLY 
 
 Style C 
 
 Style B 
 
I02 
 
 Tiijter Engine '^elts 
 
 TETTER Engine "Belts 
 
 ( f^ O obtain maximum power and efficiency from 
 \^_J engines of our manufacture it is necessary that 
 proper belts be used, since the grooves in the 
 Ritter Engine Drive Pulley Wheels are of such shape 
 and construction that if the belt is properly shaped, same 
 will have a large bearing surface, thereby insuring maxi- 
 mum power and minimum wear. 
 
 Ritter Engine Belts are made to meet these conditions. 
 They are strong and supple, because made of the finest 
 sea island cotton, with a solid core and a closely woven 
 covering, thereby eliminating practically all stretching. 
 
 Perfect splicing insures the belt passing over the 
 pulleys without jar, in fact, with the same freedom as the 
 body of the belt and as they hug the pulleys tightly and 
 do not slip, it insures added life to the pulleys and belt 
 and power from the engine. 
 
 Ritter Belts are packed in readily distinguishable 
 cartons and are carried in stock by all dental supply 
 dealers. 
 
"Kl' 
 
 liter Cngine Oil 
 
 103 
 
 "J^ITTER eNGINE OiL 
 
 ROPER lubrication is absolutely necessary to 
 obtain maximum service from an engine, lathe 
 or handpiece, for contrary to the generally 
 accepted belief, all oils do not lubricate. 
 
 Rittcr Engine Oil is a perfect lubricant, because it 
 possesses the proper viscosity to give adequate lubrication 
 and at the same time gets into fine interstices, such as will 
 be found on Ritter Engines, Lathes and engine hand- 
 pieces. 
 
 Ritter Oil is light amber in color, is agreeably per- 
 fumed and will not congeal nor separate. ' Sold only 
 in sealed bottles, packed in cartons and can be obtained 
 of any dental supply dealer. 
 
I04 
 
 '^Jjter <LAir Fittings 
 
 I^TTER ^iR Fittings and 
 "Block Tin Tipe 
 
 HE construction of the pipe lines for compressed 
 air is equally as important as the correct instal- 
 lation of the Unit Equipment, Distributing 
 Panel or Air Compressor, for leakage in air lines is a 
 source of both expense and trouble, often causing a com- 
 pressor to do double duty in order to maintain the re- 
 quired air pressure. ^ Ritter Metal to Metal Cone Seat 
 Air Fittings and Block Tin Pipe insure an equipment 
 that will be air tight, not afifected by atmospheric changes 
 and with ordinary care and attention will last for an 
 indefinite period. 
 
 Air Fittings with air passages of reduced area cause 
 annoyance and trouble when instruments are used requir- 
 ing a considerable volume of air for their proper manipu- 
 lation. ^ Ritter Fittings have air passage of the same 
 size as the air lines, consequently no greater pressure is 
 needed to force air through the air fittings than through 
 the air lines themselves. 
 
 Ritter Couplings for attach- 
 ing block tin pipe to Ritter 
 Fittings are constructed with a 
 cone shape end which enters a 
 socket in the fitting after which 
 the two parts are firmly com- 
 pressed together by means of a 
 nut, producing a permanent air 
 tight joint which will effective- 
 ly hold air pressure and is not 
 affected by atmospheric changes. 
 
 A, cone shaped 
 ferrule soldered 
 on tubing which 
 enters the cone 
 shaped opening, 
 
 B, after which 
 A and B are 
 drawn together 
 by means of tlie 
 hexagon nut, C, 
 making an air 
 tight joint with- 
 out washer or 
 packing. 
 
T(ijter lylir Fittings 105 
 
 Ritter Air Valves are constructed with an indicator 
 valve handle which opens and closes with perfect ease 
 and which can be adjusted to take up any wear on the 
 valve seats. 
 
 Ritter Air Cocks are all of the needle valve type which 
 permits very accurate adjustment and makes possible 
 compensation for any wear of the valves. < Ritter Pres- 
 sure Reducing Regulators can be adjusted to any desired 
 pressure and the same maintained regardless of changes 
 of pressure in air tank. 
 
 All Ritter Air Fittings have adjustable Wall Plates, 
 so that the air openings may be set to point in any desired 
 direction, up or down, right or left or straight out. 
 
 Ritter Block Tin Pipe is an ideal material for air line 
 work because moisture has no effect upon it, it can be 
 made air tight and being very flexible can be bent in any 
 shape, thus making the laying of pipe lines a compara- 
 tively easy matter. * Copper and brass pipe are very 
 unsatisfactory for the reason that the moisture which 
 forms in all air lines corrodes these metals rendering 
 them unsanitary. ^ Iron pipe is practically worthless 
 owing to its tendency to rust as well as from the fact that 
 it is almost impossible to make air tight joints. 
 
 Ritter Block Tin Pipe can be procured In various 
 lengths with connections soldered thereon, making it 
 entirely possible for anyone to construct the average air 
 line without any special tools other than a wrench or 
 without previous experience in the work. 
 
 n 
 
 Universal Tec Fitting for running 
 a branch off main line pipe. / Out- 
 let may be placed up, out or down. 
 
io6 
 
 T(itter zAir Fittings 
 
 Elbow, used at end of air line, so 
 special metal tubing can be run to 
 panel instead of continuing ordinary 
 block tin pipe. 
 
 Double Threaded Nipple for con- 
 necting ends of air line, to be used in 
 connection with Union Coupling. 
 
 Plug, used in connection with 
 union coupling for closed end of air 
 line. 
 
 Single Threaded Nipple, used in 
 extending an existing air line, fitted 
 with a union coupling. 
 
 Union Coupling, small end to be 
 soldered over air tubing and by means 
 of nut it can be fastened to air fitting 
 without using washers. 
 
 Union Elbow Coupling with Com- 
 bination Ferrule and spring hose pro- 
 tector, for hose connection for attach- 
 ment to any of our air fittings with 
 outlet up or down. 
 
'Jijjter zAir Fittings 
 
 107 
 
 «3Q 
 
 Cap A Hi, complete with plug, used 
 to close openings in air fittings. 
 
 Ferrule and Sprincj Hose 
 Protector, for use on our air 
 fittings. " Frayeci ends of 
 hose are covered and spring 
 prevents hose from breaking. 
 
 Hose Tip, for attaching hose to 
 connections and also used in conjunc- 
 tion with spring hose protector. 
 
 Terminal Valve, for use in the 
 laboratory or operating room or at 
 the end of an air line. 
 
 Terminal Falve with Pressure Re- 
 el 11 ein^ Re (J III at or and Gauge, to be 
 placed on end of air line for the pur- 
 pose of supplying air pressure lower 
 than maximum tank pressure. * By 
 means of a hand wheel pressure can 
 be adjusted to the desired amount 
 shown on the gauge. * The valve 
 handle may be placed at the top, bot- 
 tom or either side. 
 
 Branch Cock Fillings are uicd ivhen several 
 outlets are desired on same line of pipe. 
 
 Ihaui li (Jock^ 
 down. 
 
 hose connection 
 
io8 
 
 ^RUter zAir Fittings 
 
 Branch Cock, hose connection out. 
 
 Branch Cock, with pressure reduc- 
 ing regulator and gauge, to be placed 
 in the main line pipe for the purpose 
 of supplying air pressure lower than 
 maximum tank pressure. y By 
 means of the hand wheel the pressure 
 can be adjusted to the amount desired 
 as shown on gauge. 
 
 Double Branch Cock fittings are used ivhen 
 se-veral outlets are desired on same line of pipe 
 ivith tivo hose outlets at each location. They can 
 also be used on end of air line by closing one pipe 
 opening ivith our Cap Nut. 
 
 Double Branch Cock with two 
 hose outlets pointing out. 
 
 Double Branch Cock with two 
 hose outlets pointing down. 
 
Tiifte?- lAir Fittings 
 
 109 
 
 Pressure Reducing 
 Regulator and Gauge 
 with two hose outlets 
 pointing down. 
 
 Air Regulator — The importance of being 
 able to control air preaure is of great "value, 
 therefore our fittings are pronjided ivith a 
 reducing feature so that an air regulator 
 can he fitted to the terminal -valve or branch 
 cock at anf time. 
 
 Gauge — A gauge is necessary to 
 accurately determine the air pressure. 
 Ritter gauges are of high quality and 
 are accurate in registration. 
 
 Gauge and Tee — This combina- 
 tion supplies a convenient method of 
 determining pressure on air lines at 
 any point. 
 
I lO 
 
 Tetter ^ir Fittings 
 
 To Extracting Room 
 
 "\ 
 
 To Distributing Panel, Switchboard or 
 Unit Equipment 
 
 T*ipe 'Diagram 
 
 Showing three air outlets with compressor unit in 
 laboratory connected at end of air line. ^ Outlets can 
 be arranged in different rooms, one near the bench in 
 laboratory with a pressure regulating valve, one to unit 
 equipment or distributing panel in operating room and 
 one for extracting room with pressure regulating valve. 
 
Index 
 
 Page 
 
 Air Cut-OiiF 51-53 
 
 Air Compressor 72-77 
 
 Air Filter 57 
 
 Air Fittings 104-109 
 
 Antrum Lamp 55 
 
 Ball Point 56 
 
 Bleacher Point 55 
 
 Block Tin Pipe ■ 104-105 
 
 Cauterv 55 
 
 Chair ' 7-21 
 
 Code Index 112 
 
 Distributing Panel 38-48 
 
 Electrical Instruments 54-56 
 
 Engine 22-37 
 
 Engine Belts 102 
 
 Engine Oil 103 
 
 Examination Lamp 55 
 
 Facility Chuck 93-94 
 
 I'oreword 3 
 
 General Information 5-6 
 
 Guarantee 4 
 
 Gutta Percha Excavator 56 
 
 Hand Piece Attachment 95 
 
 Hot Air Syringe 49-50 
 
 Index Ill 
 
 Ionization Equipment 79-86 
 
 Laboratory Lathe 87-91 
 
 Laboratory Lathe Chucks 94 
 
 I^ipe Diagram 110 
 
 Root Canal Drier 56 
 
 Spray Bottles 58-59 
 
 Spray Bottle Warmer 60 
 
 Storage Batteries 96-99 
 
 Switch Handles 51-53 
 
 Three Wheel Chuck 92 
 
 Tooth Tester 78 
 
 Unit Ecjuipmcnt 61-71 
 
 Unit Sub-Base 101 
 
 Vacuum Attachment 100 
 
 Wax Spatula 56 
 
 Price List in envelope on inside back cover. 
 
QoDE Index 
 
 Qable address : '\R^tter' -T^chester 
 
 Fable 
 
 Fabe 30 
 
 Fabi-ic 40 
 
 Fabricate 42 
 
 Fabulist 43 
 
 Facade 
 
 Faddle 
 
 Fadge 
 
 Faith 
 
 Face 
 
 Fack 
 
 Facing 
 
 Facet 
 
 Fancy 
 
 Facin 
 
 Facial 
 
 Fail 
 
 False 
 
 Fashion 
 
 Fasten 
 
 Faction 
 
 Fad 
 
 Fade 
 
 Fag 
 
 Fagot 
 
 Fain 
 
 Fairy 
 
 Falcate 
 
 Falcon 
 
 Fallacy 
 
 Fallow 
 
 Falter 
 
 Fame 
 
 Famine 
 
 45 
 46 
 
 47 
 48 
 
 50 
 
 53 
 60 
 66 
 68 
 
 70 
 
 75 
 
 90 
 
 93 
 100 
 
 125 
 
 133 
 
 48 
 50 
 52 
 55 
 58 
 60 
 88 
 92 
 
 5 cycles (3000 alternations 
 " (3600 " 
 
 " (4800 " 
 
 (5040 
 " (5160 
 
 (5400 
 " (5520 
 " (5640 
 
 (5760 
 " (6000 " 
 
 (6360 
 " (7200 " 
 " (8000 " 
 
 (S160 
 " ( 8400 " 
 " (9000 " 
 " ( 9600 " 
 
 (9960 
 " ( 10800 " 
 
 " (II 160 " 
 
 " (12000 " 
 
 " ( 1 5000 " 
 
 " ( 16000 " 
 
 volts Fanatic loS volts 
 
 " Fancied 1 10 
 
 " Fane 1 1 5 
 
 " Fang 120 
 
 " Fantom. 125 
 
 " Farce 200 
 
 " Faring 210 
 
 " Farina 220 
 
 " Faro 240 
 
 " Farther 250 
 
 104 " 
 
 Farrier Mail brushes for 6-v. Lathe No. . . 
 Farrow Mail brushes for iio-voltor 220- 
 
 volt Lathe No 
 
 Fatal Mail brushes for no- volt Direct 
 
 Current Engine No 
 
 Fate Mail brushes for 220-volt Direct 
 
 Current Engine No 
 
 Fatally Mail brushes for Alternating 
 
 Current Engine No 
 
 Fathom Mail brushes for 4-volt Direct 
 
 Current Engine No 
 
 Fatigue Mailbrushesfor A.C.Lathe No. . 
 Falling Mail Round Governor brushes 
 
 for A. C. Lathe No 
 
 Fatten Add to our order of 
 
 Fatty Add to our last order. 
 
 Faun Advise us voltage wanted your 
 
 order of 
 
 Fay Advise us alternations wanted 
 
 your order of 
 
 Fealty 
 
 Feared 
 
 Fearful 
 
 Feast 
 
 Feign 
 
 Feint 
 
 Feline 
 
 Fellow 
 
 Felon 
 
 Felt 
 
 Felspar 
 
 Fend 
 
 Fern 
 
 Ferrett 
 
 Fe7-ry 
 Fertile 
 Fervor 
 
 Festal 
 
 Festive 
 
 Feud 
 
 Fever 
 
 Fib 
 
 Fickle 
 
 Fiction 
 
 Fiddle 
 
 Fidget 
 
 Fiend 
 
 Fierce 
 
 Fife 
 
 Fight 
 
 Filbert 
 
 Filch 
 
 Fin 
 
 Fist 
 
 Fitful 
 
 Fizz 
 
 Frail 
 
 Flake 
 Flame 
 Flannel 
 Flap 
 
 Flank 
 Flash 
 
 Advise us voltage and alterna- 
 tions wanted your order of . . 
 
 Answer by mail. 
 
 Answer by cablegram. 
 
 Answer by telegram. 
 
 By what route shall we ship? 
 
 Cable immediately. 
 
 Can you ship promptly on re- 
 ceipt of order. 
 
 Can ship promptly. 
 
 Duplicate our order of 
 
 Duplicate our last order. 
 
 Do not insure. 
 
 Hold for instructions our order 
 of 
 
 Hurry forward goods on our 
 order of 
 
 Hold for instructions our last 
 order. 
 
 Have remitted. 
 
 Have you sent remittance? 
 
 Have you shipped goods on our 
 order of 
 
 Have you shipped goods on our 
 
 order of 
 
 If not, when will you? 
 
 Include in next shipment. 
 
 Insure shipment. 
 
 Letter follows giving detailed in- 
 formation. 
 
 Prepay freight. 
 
 Referring to your letter of 
 
 Referring to our letter of 
 
 Referring to your cablegram of . 
 
 Referring to our cablegram of . . 
 
 Rush our order of 
 
 Ship by express. 
 
 Ship by express C. O. D. 
 
 Ship by express to the Doctor. 
 
 Ship by freight to the Doctor. 
 
 Ship by mail to the Doctor. 
 
 Ship by mail to us. 
 
 Ship by freight. 
 
 Shipped by express on 
 
 Shipped by freight on 
 
 Send bill of lading to cus- 
 tomer. 
 
 Send bill of lading to us. 
 
 Trace shipment. 
 
 When will you send remittance? 
 
 "Where shall we send bill of lad- 
 ing? 
 
 We have shipped. 
 
 We will ship. 
 
 HE GENESEE PRESS OF ROCHESTER 
 
i 
 
 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES 
 
 This book is due on the date indicated below, or at the 
 expiration of a definite period after the date of borrowing, as 1 
 provided by the library rules or by special arrangement with 
 the Librarian in charge. 
 
 DATE BORROWED 
 
 DATE DUE 
 
 DATE BORROWED 
 
 DATE DUE 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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 C28(946)M100 
 
 
 
 
■ = 'A UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES (Hsl.stx) 
 
 RK 686 R5.1 CJ_ 
 
 RK686 
 
 R51 
 
 Ritter dental raanufacturing oo., in 
 A catalogue of Ritter dental 
 equipment