UNIVERSITY OF LONDON LIBRARY ! AN GUM NOTiriJ: | o R, I The Prefent State O F ! ENGLAND-^ I Vic FIRST PART. Together with divers REFLECTIONS! UPON ! The Antient State thereof! ! r...■ F.P \ V, CM AMR ER LA TXE , ' ‘ Hotter of LAWS. }'k Fourteenth Edition, with fevcral h'l '• :ior.L. and very ninny Alterations. : E/vr.'.v;/: qnatn ngSm eft kmc ornat. ! l .V V 0 K : { TO THE RIGHT HONOURABLE CHARLES - Lord CHEJ^E Vifcount UEJVHAVE N, IN THE Kingdom of Scotland. This Fourteenth Edition Vf the Firft Part of the Prefent State of ENGLAND, Is humbly Dedicated by the Author, A z To the Reader. I N this fmall Treatifc, the Reader may not reafonably expeSl to have his Fancy much delighted , (Ornari res ipfa ne- gat, contenta doceri,) but on¬ ly to have his underftanding in¬ formed and 1 therefore the Au¬ thor hath induflrioufly avoided all curious Flowers of Rheto- rick, and made it his whole bn- finefs to feed his Rejder with a- bundant variety of excellent Fruits. Here are interfperfed fome Ob¬ servations , which j though al- A 3 ready To the Reader. mdy known to many Englifli- men, yet may be unbyiow to mojl Strangers and Foreigners, for the information of whom , this Book is fecondarily intended j and for that end is lately tranfla- ted into the French Tongue, and Printed at Amftevclam, and at Paris j whereby may be extin- gnifhed in fome me afire , the Third, which Foreigner sgene¬ rally ham to kttow the Prefent State of this con fiderable Mo¬ narchy. Although the main aim is to inform the World of the Prefent State of this Kingdom ; yet di¬ vers Qefle&ions are made upon the Pad State thereof ; that fo To the Reader. by computing that with the Pre- fent, fome worthy perfous may thereby , not only be movedto en¬ deavour the Reftauration of what was heretofore better , and the abolition of what is now worfe i but alfo in fome meafure may fore-fee without confilting our Aftrologers, and Apocalyp- tick Men, what will be the Fu¬ ture State of this Nation: Ac¬ cording to that excellent Sayings Qui refpicit praeterita & infpi- cit prafentia, profpicit etiam & futura. A good Hifiorian by running back to Ages paft, and by landing ftill, and viewing the prefent times, and comparing the one with the o- ther, may then run forward, A 4 ?.nd To the Reader. and civea VerdiX of the State, almoft Prophetick. In the many Reflexions up¬ on the Auticnt Sate of England, frequent life is made of divers grave Authors , as of Glanvile, B raff on, Britton, of Horn, in his Mirror of Juftice, Fleta, Fortefcue , Linwood , Stam¬ ford, Smith, Cofins, Camden, Cook, Spelman, Selden, &c. And for the Prefcnt State, Con¬ futation was had with feveral men of all Faculties and Frofejp- onsj and fame very eminently teamed Pcrfonages yet living ; fo the end , that the Reader might receive , at leaf, fome fa- tkfaSUon in every particular , To the Reader. without the trouble and charges, of a great Library. And as the Author doth fo/netintcs ufe the Words of the Living and the Writings of the Dead, fel - (loin quoting any to avoid Often- t at ion ; fo he hopes that this inge¬ nuous Confeffion being made at firft, no Man mill be offended , though he give notice but rarely rebut the Obfcrvation is theirs , and tvhen it is his omit ; having tabgn fpecial care , that both in theirs , ancl and in his own , there - fjould be nothing but the Truth: And although the Leader not perceiving everywhere, by what Authority , divers thin s are averred , may be apt to fitfpeAj that fome things, ^re-gratis dichi* A 5 yet To the Reader. yet if it flail phafe him to mal$ fearchj he will find, that gene * rally they are Vere & cum au- thoritate di&a. However , in a fnbjeB fo Multiform as this, where fo many marks are aimed at $ no wonder if in fome , the Author hath not hit the White \ but wherefo- ever it hath appeared to him to have been miffed in the former Jmprejfion , it is in this duly cor- retied. Brevity , and a Laconick Stile, is aimed at all along ., that fo there might be Magnum in Parvo, that it might be Mole minimus , though Remagnus, that To the Reader. that the whole State of Eng¬ land might he feen at once , 'ft « ’, /« Map 5 fW at 7 / will he a ufeful Bool^ for all Etiglifli men at all times ; So every one might , without trouble , d/jptfj'j’ carry it about with him 0 as a companion , fo confult upon all occaftons. For compleating this Stru¬ cture, Materials were provided by the Author , to give alfo a brief account of the particular Go¬ vernment of England, Eccle- fiaftical, Civil, and Military : Of all the Courts ofjtijlice ; of all Cheif Officers belonging to thefe Courts, of the City of Lon¬ don 5 of the two llniveriities 5 of To the Reader. of the Inns of Court, and Chan¬ cery ; of the Colledge o/Phy- fitians, ere. All which is now piblijbed in a Treatife apart. T H E TABLE. A. p^Bfitce of tlx dftr.g, ico Baronets. 306 C, Cadets, or younger Sons if England; 23 j Catalogue of Wafers of Co'deiges in Cambr. 377 l’ublick. Profejjors in gambriilgc, 35 3 Children in England. 133 Clergs, their Vignjty. 138 Bijhops, Arckbifiops, and Suffragan Biffops frivile'dgcs of the Clergy. 2 41 Archbijhop of Canterbury. 243 Arcbbtjkop of York. ' 2.38 Catalogue of the prefent Bijhops. 2.5 7 J(cvexues of the Clergy. " i6z Author it) of the Clergy antieittly. 270 Char it) ar,i bounty of die Clergy 272 Catalogue of the prefent Dcar.s. 2.77 A Lift of the Privy Cmncil. i2? Council Days, .’.Sy Comnjttci The Table. Committee for Intelligence. Committee for Ireland. cS«|rVSW^ i#M ' Clerk.! of tie Council. Clerks of the Signet. Clerks of the Privy Seal. Court of Judicature. Court of Chancery. Maftr of the Rolls, and Makers of ? Chancery. ^ Six Clerks « Chancery. Court of Kings B-.nch. Court of Common Pleas. Court of Exchequer. Qmmons of England. Dike of Yorks Court. ' Dutchefs of Yorks Court, lady Anns Court. Of England in General. 1 Kame, Climate, Dimenfon, Divtfm. Air, So-1. ■ Commodities, Money- Weights and Meafres. Buildings. Inhabitants. Religion of the Snglifi. Their Vices. Virtues. Pi wifoments of Criminals. The Table. Humber of Inhabitants. 4? F.nglijh Language. Stature of the Englijb. 5° Their Dyet. ' 5° Attire. Si Recreations. si Surnames. 54 Computation of the Englifh. S6 Efiuires. 314 freeholders. 3*3 G. Gentry of England. 3iJ K. of the KJNG of England. 6? His Name ar.d Title. W Arms. 6 7 Smith*. 7 o Patrimony, 7 l Strength. 74 Ferfon. • 7 6 Office. 79 .Power and Frercgathe. So Supremacy and Sovereign (/• 88 Divinity, S 1 Refpell. 9* Of tie (refnl ^jng, l0 *. The Table. it of it. of tic Kjr.gs Com - EccleJi.tft.cA Gent Ckippel fiepi Kjngs Offerings. Lett Sermons. Dan of the Cbappel. Lord High Almoner. Clerk of the Cleft. ^ Civil Government of the Kjngs Cour.. Lord Steward. Lord ChmherUin, Muller of the Herfe. Officers of the Green-Cloth, or Count- i, irg-houfe. _ J Officers klom Stars. Knight-Murlhil. Li]} of the officers of the Greet A Lift of the Sergeunts it Arms- _ belonging to the Chfiet end Chi(pi. £ Er.nl. •> A Lift of the Chaplains, Mujfers of the Ceremonies. Kings of Arms, hialds of .nrms. Of the Wardrobes. Mufter Fulconer. M.fkr of tie liick.hour.ds, Mufttiins. Lift of the Kings Servunt sunder tx ? Mufter of tie'//or[e. 5 Militu r; Government of the Kjngs C curt. KjrgsTrcopcf Guards. Queers Troop of Guards. Dftkis Troop of Cturds. Dun of the Cturds. ' Fur of the Guirds. Ereceiient) of the Guards. i ('9 17° >73 >74 I/I lj 6 17 8 178 >7 9 1S4 Of The Table. Urn of Fngland. Cantr,:n Lm, Stmt; Lrn. Mat MASTER of tk HORSE. ir? B; miomntvi txccutd. 118 Mfa of ^cqueHs. '?3 Mkvjr. of tk KJ«3 nr,i Impcitj. ? 9 The Table. N. Nobilit) of England, tbeir Degrees. A Duke. AMarquifs. An Burl. A Fifcount. A Baron. Earl palatine. Bnfigns of tie Nobility. Privileges of the Nobilitt. Precedence of tbs Nobility. Their State. Catalogue of tbs prefext Nobility. Z8t zS: z8i *83 183 184 18C 187 Z91 '-91 196 joi Great Officers of the Crown 118 Lori High Steward of England, iz8 lord High Chancellor. id 1 lori HighTreafurer. . '35 lord Prcfident of the P^ings Council. 135 Lord Privy Seal. 135 Lord Great Chamberlain. 13 s Lord High Con/iable. 137 Bar! Marjhal. >37 Lord High Admiral. 138 Oxford Beads of CoSedges. 335 Oxford Public'^ Prof effort. 3 5 6 P. Princes of the Blood. 119 Duke of York. 119 Prince of Orange. 1 zj Princefs Henrietta deceafsi. m Prince The Table. Prince Eleflor Pdainc. j if Prince Kujicrt. uj Privileges of the loner Kohility. 3 ip CL Prefect QVEEH of England Her Birth. Marrisge, ini Portion. Her Jointure, her Arms. Of the Queen-Mother ieceifei Of the pefent Qtteens Court. Ecclefisftial Perfons there. Civil Government. R. H'jd Society. 33,7 of mbit they hive done. 34 r lift of the foyd Society. _ 344 lift of the Council of the poyd Society. 3 5 1 S. Succeffm of the Crom of England Sons ini DHighers of England. Elieft Son of England. Bis Dignity, Priviledges. Hu Revenue. Secretirtes of Stite. Of the Three Sides. Servsnts. 9 S 103 103 l ° 6 '91 23S 335 »*4 Il4 ns US 12 3 124 1tides- The Table. Trdcfain. 3 ‘ 3 W- Women of Ei'pljr.J. 3 “T •fillet trd Honour mjarei on ("smeft. 3 3 * Itinunirj, 3 11 . To be .idded Page 172. Line 14. m the Fir ft Part, T Hc King hath more Chaplains in Ordinary than the Tnrenamed forty eight: Some of whom do by Appointment Wait in the room of thole, who by reaibnof fickncfs, or other hin¬ drances, cannot give their Attendance. Such Dr, $oh Mmusi'e, Dc. uty Clcik cf the Clofct. Dr :.'j itniel rir.cetl. Dr. Gtofg-: Hicki- Dr ,Tha:s Fhm. D.. Vcr.'irrn HieMajefiy hath more Chaplains in Ordinary tl.a t i!oat any time attend men h.nv Ami he lire; thefe, there arc a.ib m:ny ot.icrs iworu Extraordinary; It being ir. t’..- King s pow\r t<) Bf ENGLAND. 200 Of the Military Government of the Kjngs Court. A S in a Kingdom, becaufc Civil Governors propofing Temporal, and Ecckfiaftical Governors Eternal Rewards and -Punifhments, are not fufficient to fecure Peace ; therefore a Military Force is always in readinels: So in the Kings Court, beiides Civil and Ecclcfia- llical Officers, it is thought neceflary. alwayes to have in rcadinefs Military Officers and Sol¬ diers, to preferve the Kings Pcrfon j where¬ upon depends the Peace and Safety of all His Subjcdls, which arc His Guards of Horfcand Foot. The Guards of Horfe , which the Spm- erds call Guardis de a Cabillo ; the French, Guards du Corps ; the Gemins , Lid Gardy ; and we Life Guard : That is, the Guards of the Kings Body, do confift of Six hundred Horfemcn, well Armed and Equipped; and arc for the molt part Reformed Officers, and young Gentlemen of very confiderable Families, who are there made fit for Military Commands. They are divided into Three Troops, viz. The Kings Troop , dittinguilhed by their • Blew Ribons and Carbine -Belts, their Red Hoofcs and Houlflcr Caps Embroydered with His Maj':flies Cypher and Crown,. The Queens Troop by Green Ribbons, Carbine Belts covered with Green Velvet and Gold Lace, .ilfo Green Hcofcs and Holftcr Caps, Em- b:•;y.;c:-r.1 with the fame Cypher and Crown; tEIje pjcfcnt State and the p-ikc> T'oap by Yellow Ribbons, and Carbine H-ir. am! Yellow Iioofcs, Km- broydciul as •h: rtrc.s_ Ill each or which Triop 1 , an Two Hundred Gentlemen , bc- li'lcsOniccrs. [ I ] O F ENGLAND In General. chap. i. Qfifs Nme, Climate , Dimenftons, Divisions, dir,Soil, Commodities, 1 Moneys, Weights, Meafures, and I Buildings, E MGI.A N D, the better part of the A w beftlfland in the whole World, an- ^ ciently with Scotland called Britain, and fometimes Albion, was about n Soo ycars after the Incarnation of Ml (by fpccial Edifl of King Egbert, dcfccn- ! C(I fro ™ £ b« singles, a People of the Lower gotj, in whoft poflcfllon thegrcatcllpart of las Country then was) named Angle or Engle- id, thence by the French called Ancleterre by ? c Airmans Mphrd, and by the inhabitant! *r$M, B X: z\)t Parent State Dimtr.fi- Vi,»JO ... T r firuated between the Degrees 17 and •-* ( f rmeitude equal with Srimy and Kormirdy f ^S^^twcen^oandrofNortg UtLde, equal with Ftoiers, ZM Lo.,d, , •SSiESSfi ssb 8PS*«*^ sr?a??£3^ss „/7, The firft of thefe contained p/tt'of Erghni , the fccond a« that Weflew part now called W/e», and the third u.e 1 or, Faith, they divided the fame the better^ ,cn the sriuta had recavc.m^.--- Faith they divided the fame (for the bet ter | Government FcdefiaOical) CCS orArchbilhoprlcks, vit. the Archbimop- rick of London , that contained H m , the Archbifhoprick of Tort which c_ ntam-j cd that part, called Mixim C*lmttfis , an(l th i ArchbiLprick of Cmlm, “T/u- City of ft#/*- ^ks, upon the R^ r *“ der which was tritmu Stood*. " tcr " a , tie Ucuhcn-ftxMi over-running thisCountn, of ENGLAND. and dividing it into fei»cn Kingdoms, the King of %ent being firft converted to the Chriliian Faith by St. Juflinc, who lived, and was buried at Canterbury, the Archicpifcopal See of Ltnion was there placed, and the other at Caerletm was tranflatedto St.Davids in Pembrehjbire ; and at lallfubjeftcd to theSee of Owrerfoy.-the North part of England and all Scotland, was put under the Archbifleop of Torlc, and all Evghni AmAzi into DiocclTes; and in the yearfijo it was for better Order and Government, diflinguilhcd into Parilhcs, by the care and pains ofHomim, Archbilhop of Canterbury, almoft 200 years be¬ fore it was divided into Counties or Shires by King el If red: by whom alfo thofc Shires (lo called from the Saxon word Scjre, a Partition or Divifion) were fubdivided into Hundreds, which at firft contained Ten Tytbings, and- each Tything Ten Families. , At prerent, England, according to its Ecde- fiaftical Government, is divided firft into two ; Provinces or Archbifliopricks, viz. Canterbury ; and Tort; thefe two Provinces into 16 Dio- xefics, which are again divided into 60 Arch- rdcaconrics.and thofc into Rural Deaneries,and thofc again into Parifties. According to the Temporal Government of England,it is divided into j aCountics or Shires, and thofe into Hundreds, Laths, Rapes or Wa¬ pentakes, (as they are called in fbme Counties) and thofe again into Tythings. England without Wales is divided into fix Cir¬ cuits, allotted to the u Judges to held Affires twice a year, (whereof more in a Treatifc apart.) It is alfo divided by the Kings Juflices I m Eyre of the Forreft, and hy the Kings at Arms janto North and South; that is, all Counties 1 upon the North and South fide oftms:, B There Cfje parent ©tote There are in all England i y Cities, 6a, i great,, Towns, called Market-Towns, and 9715 Pa- rifhes; under many of which, are contained . fcveral Hamlets or V illagcs, as big r.s ordinary, Parilhes. , , , The Air is far more mild and temperate (if not more healthy) than any part of the Conti■ writ under the fame Climate. By reafon of the warm vapors of the Sea on:; every fide, and the very often Winds from the,. Juice Wcfiern Sea, the Cold in Winter is lcfs{harp ■■ than in fome parts of France and luly, which;-- yet arc feated far more Southerly. j Bv reaion of the continual Walls from Sca,^ th- very often interpofition of Clouds betwist j; the Sun and Earth, and the frequent (howersof; Rain, the Hat in Summer is Ids {torching than., in fora: parts of the Continent, that lie much; more Northward , where neither Rain nor Clouds appear for fume Months, and not much W As in Summer, the gentlc H'Ws and frequent. dJoioerr qualitieall violent Hats and Prougm,- fo in Winter the Froth do only meliorate the, cultivated Soil, and the Snow keep warm the tender Plants. In a word, here is no need of Stoves in Winter, nor Grotta’s in Summer. It isblcficdwith a very fertile wholfom Soil, watered abundantly with Springs and Jtrem, and in divers parts with great Navigable Jjaerfl few Barren Mountains and Craggy Aockl,but go nerally gentle plcafant/frl/r,and fruitful apt for Cain, Grafs, or Wood. The Excellency of the Englilh Soil may be learn d (as farro ad-; vif.-d of old) from the complexion of the Inha¬ bitants, who therein excel all other Nations or dfc from the high value put upon it by the 5 Jlf ENGLAND. Romans and the Saxons, who look'd upon it as fuch a pre cious fpot of ground, that they thought it worthy to be fenced in like a Garden-plot with a mighty Wall of fourfcorc mils in length, viz. from Tinmoutb on the Cerman Sea, to Solmj- fritb on the Irijh Sea, (whereby the Caledonian Bores might be excluded) and with a monllrcus Dike, of fourfcorc and ten miles viz. from the mouth of the River tty, to that of the River Dee, (whereby the Cambro-Braitain-Foxes might be kept out.) Lafily, The excellency of her Soil mayalfo be Lam’d from rhofc tranfeendent E- logies, bellowed on her by Ancient and Modern Writers, calling England t! e Granary if the We- Jiern World , the Seat tf Ceres, &c. 1 That her Dalle]sire like Eden, her h’ills like Lebanon, her Springs 36 Pifgab, and her Buyers as Jordan. That {he is a Paradife of Pleafure, and the Garden of God. 0 fortunata C? omnMs terrii bealior Britan¬ nia! te omnibus cteliae foli ditavit Naiura, tibi ni¬ hil ineji quod vit-e offendat, tibi nihil deeft quod : vita defideret, ita ut alter orbit extra erbem poni tadieliciis bumani generis videaru. Oh happyand thlellcd Britain! above all other Countries in [the World, Nature hath enrich'd thee w ith all [the blellings of Heaven and Earth: Nothing in thee is hurtful to Mankind, nothing wanting in thee thatisdelirable; infomuch, rhatthou feem- eft another World placed belides, or without the great World, mecrly for the delight and pleafure of Mankind. As it is divided from the reft of the World, Commo- fo by reafon of its great abundance of all things dities. neceffarv for the lif; of Man, it may without the contribution of any other part of the World, more ealily fublift than any of its neighbouring Coun- €&e pjefcnt State Terra fuss content* tonic, non indiga nircic, | Pirft, For wholfom fubflantial Food, what .• plenty crcry whereof Sheep, Oxen, Swir.e,Fal¬ low-Deer, Conejs, and Nates ? It wants not Fed-Deer, Coats, nor Fees. What abundance of Hens, Ducks, Geefe, Turkeys, Pigeons and . Larks! Of Partridge, Pbeafants, Plovers, Teals, Tbrufies, Merles, Field-fares, Owfles, or Slacks' birds Wild-ducks, Wild-geefe, Swam, Peacocks,. Sunt lugs, Snipes, Quails, Woodcocks Lapwings!- It wants not Sandlings, Knot, Curlew, Bayning,' Dotterel, Foe, Cbur, Fuff, Maycbit, Stint,Set- : Plover, Pewits, Fedjhanks, Fjilt, and Wheat-- ears, Herrons, Cranes, Bitterns, Buflards, Puffins,t Cod-wits, Heath-cocks, More-Pouts, or Groufe-, Thrujbes and Tbrujlles: What plenty of Salmon,; Trouts, Lamperns, Gudgeons, Carps, Tench, lam¬ preys, Pikes, Perches, Eeles, Bremes , Fochc, Dace, Crefijb, Flounders, Plaice, Shads, Mullets? What great abundance of Herrings, Whitings,Macke’:!, Soles, Smelts, Pilchards, Sprats, Oyjhrs, Lobjlcrs, Crahs, Shrimps, ThornbukJ &c. It wants not Prawns, Fuffs, Muffles, Cockles, Conger, Tur¬ bots, Cod, Scale, Mades, Efcalops, &c. What; great plenty of Apples, Pears, Plums, and Cher -! ries? How doth England abound with Wheat, Earley, F.ye, Pulff, Beans and Oats ? with ex- cell.nt Butter and Chief/ ? with moll forts of Edible Poets and Herbs ? tic. It wants not A- pricocks, Peaches,Neflarens, Grapes, Mulberries, figs, Melons, Quinces, kc. Walnuts, Small Nuts, Fillerts, Ckcfmas, Medlers, Wardens, Fajpices, Strawberries, Currants, Geofeberries. tfc- Lafii)', for Drinks, England abounds with Beer, Ale, Si¬ des, Perry, and in fomc parts wftfi Metheglin or 7 Of ENGLAND. Wow ofall there things,there is fitch a con font continuance, by reafim of the Clemency of the Climate, that fcarcc the lead Famine winch fre- (juenteth other Countries, hath been felt in England thefc 400 years. Then for tyment, England produceth gene¬ rally, not only very fine W00S, which makes our Cloth more lulling than other Country Cloth, and better conditioned againll Wind and Wea¬ ther, but atfo fuch great abundance of Wooll, that not only all forts, from the highcll to the lowcll, arc doathed therewith ;■ butfo much hath been heretofore tranfported beyond the Seas, that in honour of the Exglifo Wooll, that then brought fuch plenty of Gold into tnc »er- ritorics of Pbilit, firnamed Bonus, Duke of Bur- gundy, (where the Staple for Englijk Wooll was ; in tho r e days kept) he inllituted (as fome write) that famous Military Order of the Golden Fleece, at this day in Ugheft cflcem with the whole ffoufe of Jujiria. H is abundance and chcap- :nefs of Wooll in England, proceeds not only Jfromthegoodnefs of the Soil, but alio from the freedom from Wolves, and from excelfive Heats land Colds, which in other Countries create a .charge of a conllant guarding their Sheep, and Ihoufing them by night, and fometimes by day. Alfo, for advancing the Manufaflurcs of Cloth, ; that nccellary Earth, called Fullers Earth, is no where elfc produced in that abundance and ex¬ cellency, as in England. It wants not I.inncn for all ufes, at lead not ground to produce Flax and Hemp, although there beat prefent much Lirtnen imported, to the (ltame and damage of the Nation. Befide, there is in England great plenty of excellent Leather for all forts of ufes, in fo B n much ^fje l$efent State | much that the poorcft people wear good Shoots | of Leather-, whereas in our neighbouring Coun-j| .tries, the poor generally wear cither Shoccs of;| Wood, or none at all. For Building, it wants not Timber nor hen, ■ Stone nor Slate, BricKnorTiles, Marble nor Ah- Hiller, Mortar nor Lime, Lead, nor Glafs. , For Firing, either t Vood, Sex-coal, or Pit-coal, almoft every where to be had at reafonable rates. , For Shifting, no where better Oak., nowhere., &ch Knee timber, as they call it; or Iron to make;-: fcrviceablc and durable Guns. For War, for Coach, for High-war, and Hunt-f ing, no where Hsch plenty of Horfes-, alfo for. .• Plough, Cart, and Carriages ; irformich asjVfu/ff : and AJfu fo generally madcufccf in Trance, Itt-^ l], and Spin, are utterly defpifed in England. For Dogs of all forts, fires and safes, as Mi- \ (lip. Greyhounds, Spaniels for Land and Water,) Hounds for Stag, Buck,, Box, Hare and Otter, Terriers, Tumblers, Lurchers,Setting-Dogs,Curs, little Lap-Dogs, (He. Moreover, England produceth, bolides a nugn- (y quantity of Tin, Lead, and Iron, fom c Sr aft and Copperas-, much Ahme, Salt, Hops, Saffron, Lijuoris, Honey, Wax,Tallova,Coney-Furrs, Salt¬ peter, mad for Dying, and divers other beneficial Commodities: It wants not Mines of Silver .yield¬ ing more in their fmall quantities of Oar, and fo, { richer than thofe of Vote ft in the Weft-Indies,§ whence the King of Spain hath molt of his Silj- ver ; tbofc yielding ufually but one Ounce and ang half of Silver in one hundred Ounces of Oar-,(. whereas thefc in Wales, Cornml, Lancajhire, and. the lifiofrick.of Durham, yield ordinarily fix o', eight Ounces per Cent, but thefc lying deep, are hard to come unto, and Workmen dear, which is otherwife in Votof. • cue parent state A furnifh'd with Ships, and abundance of commo. }, dious and excellent Havens and Ports. t ceel ,, for Mel) and fecurii) (which is no fma.l prai.c) , all the Neighbouring Countries, i notall tftw « Countries in the World, and needs not much to fear any Neighbouring Nation, but on yth which grows potent in Shipping, for they only can deprive us of our main fccur.ty, and of an Ifland can make us as a Continent. , At firll all Nations bartered and exchanged ■ one Commodity for another, but that being found troublcfome, by a kind of ciiftom,. food liking, or ufage, amongllall civihzd Nations, Sil-Jr and Gold, as molt • hi, and lefs rubjefttoruft, :hath been ® ca . as the days of Jbnbim chofcntobc ments of Excise and Menjure of a things, and were at firll paid only by weigh, dll'th- £«• mins about Three hundred years before the Birth oFChrijl, invented Coping, or JtjwfWJofGolil When j-ulimC&fn firll entred this iJLnd, here were current, inftead of Monev , certain lm Sires ; afterwards the %omnt brought in the ulc of Gold, Si'ver, and BrrfsCojns. In the time of King Riehird the Firll, Money coyned in the Eafi parts of Gem,in, bung for its purity highly cltcemcd, feme of thole H/fer- Ikes were lent for over, and employed in our. Mint, and thence cur Money, called or Sterling Money, as fomc think: _ (as the nr! h Gold coyned in Etghnd, was by King Edrurl- the Third, and thofc pieces called Florences, bo caufc Florentines were the firll Coyners there¬ of) though others (ay of the .Taxon word Stir, ^King ~Edmtd the Firll, fince the Nomin Coo ^ucll, ellablilhcd a certain SmdtrdForCr,)^ ra OfENGLAND. n this manner: Twenty four Grains made one fain) Sterling, 10 Penny weight one Ounce, and i’Ounces, or 5660 Grains made a pound iter* ling, confiding of 20 Shillings. Of thefe is. Ounces, n Ounces two penny weight Sterling, was to be of fine Silver, and the weight of 18 Penny Sterling ir, allay the Mintcr did add: So that anciently a pound Sterling was a pound Trey weight, whereas now a pound Sterling b but the third part of a pound ttoy, and a lit¬ tle more than the fourth part of Avoir du rote, " The'Money of England was abated and falfificd for a long time, till Queen Elizabeth , in the year 1560. to Her great praife, ailed in all fuch Money; fi ;ccwhich time, no bale Money hath been coyncd in England, but only of pur cGold and Silvt r, called Sterling Money; only of latter time, in relation to the ncceffity of the Poor, and exchange of great Money, a fmall piece of Copper, called a Farthing, or fourth part of a Penny, hath been permitted to be coyncd, but • no man enforced to receive them in pay for Rent or Debt; which cannot be affirmed of by any ’Other State or Nation in theChriftian World; in all which, there arc fcveral forts of Copper- Money as currant with them for any payment, as the pureft Gold or Silver. No Moneys in any Mint are made of pure Sil¬ ver, bccaufe Silver in its puriry, is almoft as flexible as Lead ; and therefore not fo ufcful, as when hardned with Copper, Gold minted pure, would alfo be too flexible, and therefore is in all Mints allayed with fomc Copper; and molt Mints differ in more or lefs allay. In the time of the afore-named King T.dvoird the Firlt, the Coyns were only 4 Pence, 3 Pence, 1 Pence, €ije l^cfent&tnte i Pence, i Penny, the Half-penny, a*d the Far¬ thing, all of Silver. The pound weight Troy of Silver, finct the Reign of Queen Elizabeth, hath been cut at Si Shillings; and the feveral Silver Coyns now cur¬ rant in England, are the Crown, or Five Shil- ; lings, which isalmoft the Ounce Troy, then Half- Crowns,Shillings, Six Pence, Four Pence,Three ; Pciicc, Two Pence, and One Penny. ! Fur the Coynage, there was till of late, allow- j cd Two Shillings in the pound Troy of Silver, j fo that the Merchant who brought in the Bulli¬ on, received only So Shillings for each pound ; Troy, which made the Ounce to be juft Five Shil- lings: But by an Aft of Parliament 1 6Sy. For . encouragement of Coynage, the charge of Coy- nage is defrayed by an Impulsion on Brandy,and . nothing payable by the Bringer in of the Bullion, fo that now the Merchant receives 61 Shillings for every pound Troy of Sul ion. The pound weight,or n Ounces Troy ofGold, is divided into 14 parts, which arc called Car- rats, To that each Carrat is 10 penny weight Troy, or half an Ounce; and this Carrat is dividedin¬ to four parts, which are called Carrat Grains; fo that the Carrat Grain is two penny weight ' and an half, or fixty ordinary Grains, anl the Carrat Grain is divided into divers parts. The Standard of Crown Gold is 21 Carrats of fine Gold, and two Carra - s of Allay in the pound weight Troy■ The Allay of fomc Gold Coyns is all Silver, as the Guiney Gold, and fome all Cop¬ per, which renders the Gold Coyns, fome more white, fome more yellow. In England at prefentthe pound weight Troy of Gold is cut into 44 parts and an half, each part is to pafs for Twenty Shillings, and the half part for Ten Shillings; there arc alfo Coyned lomc Of ENGLAND. i fbmc pieces of Forty Shillings, and fome ofOnc hundred Shillings, which hold proportionally in weight and (mends, to the Twenty Shilling piece. The Englijh Gold was Coyned at 44 /. 10 s- the pound Troy, whereof Fifteen Shillings were taken by the King for his Seignorage and charge ofCoynage; and then the Mcrchantforapound of Gold received but 43 /. 15 '• whereas now he receives iince the laid A6t of Parliament 44/. io s. The Stinkri of Sterling Silver in Erghni is Eleven Ounces, and Two Pennyweight of fine Sil¬ ver, and Eighteen Fenny weight of Allay of Cop¬ per out of the Fire, and fo proportionably; fo that 1 a Ounces of pure Silver, without any Al¬ lay, is worth 3 /. 4 1. 6d, and an Ounce is worth 5 s. 4 i. 1 ob. but with Allay is worth but 3 1. and the Ounce 5 s. The Spjnijh, French, and T/ew//bGoIdis almolt of equal finenefs with the Er.glijh. ■ The Englijh Silver Money hath lefs Allay than the French or Dutch. The Moncyers divide the pound weight into xi Ounces Troy. The Clje parent State (Ounce •) rio Penny w \penny -Might \x+ Grains. J Grain S into J 10 M,es - " \Mtte f int0 V4 Droitcs. ffDroite \ A° Merits, l Peril J y M Blanks. 'ight. The proportion of Gold to Silver in Engkni, is as i to 14, and about onerhird ; that is to fay, one Ounce of Gold is worth in Silver 14 Ounces, and about one third, or 3 1 .14 s. id. of Er.glijh Money. . That the Englijh Coyn may want neither the purity nor weight required, it was mod wifely and carefullyprovidcd.thar once every year, tnc Chief Officers of the Mint (hould appear before the Lords of the Council in the Star-Chamber at Wejlminjier, with f ,-me pieces of all forts of Mo¬ ney coyned the forc-g of ENGLAND. By the 17th Chapter of Mtgu Cbirti, the ■ Weights and Meafurts ought to be the lame over all Enghnd, and thol'c to be according to the Kings Standards of Weights and Meufurcs, kept in the Exchequer by a fpccial Officer of His jjoufe, called the Clerk, or Comptroller of the Mitket. Of Weights there are two forts ufed at pre¬ lent throughout all England, viz. Troy neighs, and Avoir du Fois. In Troy Weight, 24 Grains of \\ heat make a Ferny Weight Sterling, 20 Penny Weight make an Ounce, 12 Ounces make a Found, fo there arc 4S0 Grains in the Ounce, and 57< n Ounce, ( g ) 5 12 Ounces j ( a Pound, ) (ft Avoir du Fois hath id Ounces to the Pound, but then the Ounce Avoir du Fois is lighter than the Ounce Troy by 42 Grains in 480, that isnear a 12th part; fo that the Avoir du Fois contam- cth but 43 8 Grains, and is as 73 to So; that is. 73 Ounces Troy is as much as 80 Ounces Avoir du Fois, and ( 0 Pound Avoir du Foil is equal to 73 pounds Troy ; and 14 Ounces Troy and a half, and the tenth part of a Troy Ounce makes s 6 Ounces Avoir du Fois. By 1 6 diije p^fcnt State By this weight arc weighed in England all Gro¬ cery Ware, Flefi, Butter, Cteefe , Iron , fit mp, Flux, Tallow, Wax, Lead, Steel, alfo all things whereof comes walk; and therefore m pound Avoir du foil is called a Hundred weight, and 5 6 pound half ahundred, and 1* pound a quarter of a hundred or a Tod. Eight pounds Avoir h pci's among the Butchers, is called a Stone. Note, That when Wheat is at 5 s. the Eufhel, then the Penny Wheaten Loaf is byStatute to weigh 11 Ounces Troy, and Three Half-Penny White Loaves to weigh as much, and the ffoufiold Pen¬ ny Loaf to weigh 14 Troy Ounces, and two third parts of an Ounce, and fo more or lefs propor¬ tionally. Note alfo, That here, as in other Countries, Silk-men ufe a weight called Venice Ounce,which is 13 penny weight and n Grains; fo that u Ounces Venice is but 8 Ounces 4 penny Ttoy, and nine Ounces Avoir du pole, but of this there is no Standard, nor doth the Magillrate allow of Mea- All Meafures in England, are cither Applica¬ nts. tiv: or Receptive. The fmallell Merfura Applications, or Appli¬ cative Meafurc, is a Barley Corn, whereof three in length make a fingers breadth or Inch, 4 In¬ ches make a Handful, 3 Handful a Foot, 1 Foot and a half makes a Cubit, 1 Cubits ayard, 1 Tard and a quarter makes an Ell, 5 l oot makes a Geo¬ metrical pace, f Foot a Fathom, 16 Peer and a half make a Perch Pole, or Rod, 40 Perch make a Furlong, 8 Furlongs, or 3 20 Perch make an Eng- lijh Mile ; which according to the Statute of 11 H. 7. ought to be tjfoyards. or 5280Foot, that is, 280 Foot more than the kalian Mile-, 60 Miles, morecxadlly Englijh Miles and a Of ENGLAND. half make a Dtgree, and 360 Degrees, orijoio Miles compafs the whole Globe of the Earth. For meafuringofLand in England ,40 Perchm length, and 410 breadth, make an Are of Land, (fo called from the German word Acker ,and that from the Latine word Ager ) 30 Acres ordinarily make a TW-•£.!*(/, and One hundred Acres arc accounted an Hide of Land ; but in this, andal- fo in Tome Weights and other Mcafurcs, the cu- (lom of the place is otherwife, yet mull be re¬ garded. In Prince about Paris 11 Inches make a Foot, 11 Foot makettfttrch, aud 100 Perches make an Arpent. Mesfura rcceptmis.or the Receptive Meafures, arc two-fold; firll, of liquid, or Moiji things; fccondlv, of Dry things. About a pound Avoir du pots makes the ordi¬ nary fmalltfl deceptive mealure, called a Pint, 2 Pints make a Quart, 2 Quarts a Pottle, 2 Pottles a Gallon, 8 Gallons a Firkin of Ale, 2 fuch Firkins make a Kjlderkin, and 2 fQldtrl-ins, or 32 Gal- Ions, make a Barrel of A.e, 9 Gallons z Firkjn of Beer, 1 fuch firkins or 18 Gallons make a Qlder- kin, 2 fuch Kjiderktns, or 36 Galiens, make a Barrel of Beer, 1 Barreled a half, or 54 Gallons make a Hogjheai, 2 Iiogf.eads make a Pipe or Jutt, and 2 Pipes a Tun, confiding of 2728 Pints or Pounds-, a Barrel of Butter or Soap is the fame with a Barrel of Ale. The Hnglifh Wine Mcafurcs arc fmaller than thofc of Ale and Beer, and hold proportion as 4 to 5; fo that 4 Gallons of Beer Mcafurc arc 3 Gallons of Wine Mcafure, and each Gallon of 1 Vine is 8 pounds Troy weight. Of tlielc Gal¬ lons, aRundlctof Wine holds IS, half a Hop¬ toad i8 €I)c parent ©tote ft,cad 31 Gallons and a half, a Tierce of 'W ind holds hi Gallons, aH< g(hcadC3 Gallons, a Pmi| chion 84 Gallons, a Pipe or But holds i:tf, aiii- a Tun 151 Gallons, or 1016 Pints. To mcafurc dry things, as Corn or Grain, that is firft the Gallon, which is bigger than the Win: Gallon, and lefs than the Ale or Beer Gallon, and is in propn tion to them as 33 to iS and ;j and is counted eight pounds Troy weight. Two, of thefe Gallons make a Peek, four Pecks a Bt-; fhcl, four Bufheis the Comb orCurnock, tnoj Curnocks make a Quarter, and ten Quarters; La ft or Weigh, which contains Qio Pints, an, about fo many Pounds; fo that in a Garifonc ( 5000 Men, allowingcach but a pound of Brea. per diem, they will confumc near a iaj), or 8: Bulhels every day ; and iso Men in a Ship or War, will drink a Tun of Beer in two days, af lowing each Man but his Pottle per diem. Suild- Churches throughout all England, and all pub- ms. lick Edifices, are generally of Solid Stone, co¬ vered with Lead', Cathedral and Collegiate- Churches every where ample and magnificent: and the Churches in Market-Towns and Opulent Villages fpacious and folid enough, bcautinci either with very high Pyramids, or Steeples, ei at leaft with (lately high Towers. Houfes in Ci¬ ties, that were heretofore ufually of mod, arc now built cf good Stone or Erick, and cover'; with Slate or Tile ; the Rooms within formcrlf Wainfeotted, arc now hung with Tapiftry, 0: other convenient Stuff, and all Cicled \vitr. P/4t]Jer,excellent againft the rage of Fire again : the Cold, and to hinder the palfage of all du£ and noife. The Modern Buildings have been far more flight, and of lefs continuance than the Antient. Th: j of ENGLAND. 1 9 j The Houfesof the Noblci and Rich are abun¬ dantly furniihed with Pewter, Bnfs,jine Linrttn, I and P/nte: The mean Mechanicks and ordinary ■Husbandmen want not Silver Spoons, or fomc ■'Silver Cups in their Houfcs. ' The Windows every whereglazcd, not made anifo, Ejmsjh, and Britijb Blood. Their The Englifu, according to fevcral matters and Laws. parts of the Kingdom, arc governed by lercral Laws, viz. Common-Law , Statute-Law, Civil-'. Lam , Canon-Lam , Foreft-Law , and Martial- j; Law-, bchdcs particular Cuftonts and By-Laws:' Ot all which in brief, intending in a Trcatilc" apart to ipeak more largely of them in the par- ; . ticularj Clje i&cfent State which for Tome time almofl loft, were revived bt | the good King Edmrd the ConfdTor, and bjf Pofkrity named his Laws. Tothefe theConJ queror added Lome of the good Culloms of A'or| mindy, and then his Succeffor King Edmrd th: ■ I-irff, having in his younger years given himfclf; fatisfaffion in the glory of Arms, bent himlilf (like another fujlmitv.) to endow his Elfatc with divers notable Fundamental Laws, ever fince pra-l ftifed in this Nation. The excellent convcni-l ency and connaturalnefs of the Common Lav| of England to the temper of Englifh Men, is fucb.l that the ferious confidcration thereof induce!, Kingjawer in a folemn Speech to prefer it as toi; this Nation, before the Law of Motes. j : - Where the Common-Law is blent, there ut| have excellent Statute-Laws, madebythe revel ral Kings of England, by and with the Advictl and Confent of all the Lords Spiritual and Tcml poral, and with the Confent of all the Commonsl of England, by their Reprefentatives in Partial snent, whereunto the Englifh cafily fubmir, al made at their own earned defirc and requefi j Where Common and Statute-law take noCopI nizancc, ufc is made of that Law of Laws called! the Civil'lm; wherein is to be had what all the Wifeff and Noblcft Men of the mod flouriflij Ingand puifTant State that ever was in the World] could in the fpacc of many hundred years bjj their own Wifdom or Reaion devife, or froirj any other people learn •. fo that this Law may btj lookt on as the Product of the Common RcafoiS of all Mankind, and fitted for the Inteteft anil Of EN GLAND. 23 lefiaflical Courts ofBifhops, Archdeacons, Vi- : ars . General, Chancellors, and Commiffarics, shen-ever Cognizance is taken of Wills and rdiaments, of Tytries, Oblations, Mortuaries, )fMatrimony, Divorce, Adultery, Inceft.For- lication, Chaftity attempted ; of Sacred Or- lers, Inliitutions to Church-Livir.gs, Cclcbra- jon’ of Divine Offices, Reparation; of Cl.ur- hes, Dilapidations, Procurations of Hero¬ ic, Apofhifi-’, Atheifm, Scliilm, Simony, P.laf- ,heiny ! 'Sc. So of this Law is made ulc in the -ourt of Admiralty, in all affairs immediately elating to the Royal Fleets, to all other Vel¬ ds of Trade, and to their Owners, to Mari- icrs to Commanders at Sea, toRcprifals, to facies, to Merchants Affairs, toallContrafts nade at Sea or beyond Sea, in the way of Ma¬ rne Trade and Commerce: to all Matters touch- lie Wrecks, Hoifm, $afm, Ugm, Marine ,Vaifj Dcodands, S 'Sc. ' orcovcr, ufe is made if the Civil Law in the Court of the EarlMar- hal, taking Cognizance of Crimes perpetrated iut of England, of Contradk made in Foreign >arts; of Affairs of War within and without EngUni-, of Controverfics about Nobility and Sentry, or bearing ofCoats of Arms; of Pre- icdcncv, CJe. Of this Law much ufc is made n Treaties with Foreign Potentates, where? H,any noints arc to be determined and cance¬ led , according to the direftion of this moft excellent and general approved Law : and for :hiscaufc Foreign Princes take cfoecialcarc to :hufc furh perfons for their Amhaffadors as arc skilled in the Civil Law: and this policy was flcrcrofbrc duly obferved by our Englih Frin¬ ges with very good fuccefs, Laflly, the two -llniverlitics of EnqUnd ferve thcmfclvcs of the iCivil Law; tor by'thcir Privileges no Student 24 ' €!)C pjefent State is to be filed at Common-Lan. but in the Vice-, Chancellors Courts for Debts, Accounts, lnju-1 rics, O' c. | Canon- The Canons of many Ancient General Coun-- Law. cils of many National and Provincial Englifli - Synods, befidesdivcrsDccrecsofthc Bifhopsof Heme, and Judgments of Ancient Fathers had been received by the Church of England, and ; incorporated into the Body of the Canon-Law:; by which foe did ever proceed in the cxercifc off her Jurifdiftion, and doth ftill by vertue of thej Statute a 5 Hen. 8. fo far as the faid Canons and; Conftitutions are not repugnant to the Holy! Scripture.totheKingsPrerogative,or the Laws, Statutes and Cufloms of this Realm, and thofe arc called the Kings Ecdcfiaflical Laws, which have fevcral proceedings, and fcvcral ends from the Temporal Laws, thefe inMingpuniihmcn! upon the Body, I. ands and Goods, and to punifli the outward Man , but thofe pro falute an'mt, to reward the ii„.«rdMan, both joyning in this, to have the whole Man outwardly and inwardly reformed. F .. a n The forefl Lam are peculiar taws, different t ' 1 from the Common Law of England. Forejh ’ in England arc exceeding ancient; and before the making of Charta de Forefla, Offences com* jnitted therein, were punifot at the plcafure of the King, in fo fharp and grievous a manner, (ai (till in Germany) that both Noblesand Commons did fuffer many horrible Inconveniences and op¬ erations; and even in that Charter, were fomc hard Articles, which the Clemency of gracious Kings have lince by Statute thought fit to alter per Affix Forefl*. Yet In the time of Edward the Third, ami alfo at this day, fVmuf | cf ENGLAND. Unit profaHo ; fo that if a Wan be taken hunt¬ ing a Did. he may be arreded as if he had ta¬ ken a Den. The Fomfter may take and arreft a Man, if he be taken either itDsg-draiv, Subic - , B.tclcbsir, or Blmtiy-kir.i ; for in thefe a Man is find to be taken with the manner, ;!i three of them may be but prefumptions. x Cajlrenjts Arglicana, is that law thatdc- :th upon the King’s Will and I’lcafurc, or ieutenant, in time of aftual War; for al- :h in time of peace, the King, for the more temper of Laws towards all his Subjects, 5 no Laws but by the content of the three :s in rariiament: yet in times of War, by 1 of great dangers arifrig luddenly and un- tedly upon fmall occafions, heufethabfo- 'ower, infomuch, as his word gocth for a Martial Law extends only to Soldiers iariners, and is not to be pra&ifed in of Peace, but only in times of War, and and there, where the King’s Army is on the King’s Royal Charter granted to di- itics of England, the Magillratcs have a to make Inch Laws as may be beneficial c Citizens, and not repugnant to the of the Land ; and thefe arc binding o'n- lie Inhabitants of the place; unfcii, fuch arc for general goud, or againft a gene- lonvcmcnce ; for then they bind fira:;- ark Humane Lawjcan re.-note no other CIjc picffitt state 'ill -Rclieions in the World, anciently c -/iwuoifhipt the true God, in the tr lr Jews Religion, in proccfs of time, litions and Supcrllitior.s much corrupt! partly abrogated. and the reft reform: cd and fublmuted by our Saviour Cirri Cnee called T k Chriiliin Heliport ; whi Planted in Er.ghr.i, Tempore utfeims (la: ») fummo TiberU Ctfirit, which by com) in, will fall to be live years before St. Ft • rn Rome, and about five years after t is all'o affirmed by Antient and Mod: c Authors cxprcfly, that in the twelfth y< ic Emperour Kero, St. Peter preached he :i»cd many, and ordained Bilhops Trie! ’s death, and the rfervi difperfion, Jofepk mkt, with twelve o'hers, here Prcaci died -.’That the firlt Pabrick of a Chrill irch or Temple, in all the World, was Qeriun in Somerfeiftire, thirty one years ehrift’s death, and that St. Paid was p: o do at Home. Afterwards A*) 180. I iflian Paith was here profcfitd by pub! hority under King Znriw, the firft Chrift k i n the World , and with Chrillianity bt, came in the Epifcopal Government, r be feen in th.c Catalogue of Britijh iliflio ,'crc three fn'i.’ft ArchbilTio of ENGLAND. I viz. of loitJon, fork., indCatrleon, whereof the lirit hud for his Province undcrhim, the South ; the fccoiul. all the North ; and the third, ail bcvoiul Severn, or the impart of this Ifland, afoYc-mentioncd. Under thefc three Archbi- fhops, there were reckoned about that age, twenty eight Bilhops, all which did obferve theCulloms and Orders of the Greet or Eafiern Churches, and particularly that of Etjier, dif¬ ferent from the Litine cullom, or Wefiern Chur¬ ches ; nor did they acknowledge Borne to be the Mother-Church of the Briunnid^Chmch. Brink was their a Patriarchal Jurihlidlion in fubdance, though perhsps not in name, and fo continued, until about the year 596. whcnyhi- f]in tire Monk, a,Tilled by the fraud of forty- other Monks, and by the power of the then Heathen Anglo-Saxons (who had long before driven the Britms into Wilts) conllraincd the Britijh Biihops to lubmit thcmfelvcs to the Bi- ; fliopof Bjorns, after which, by the convenience or condclccnfions of the fucceflivc Saxon and Kerman Kings, this Church was in fomc things fub;cdicd to the Bifhop of Bgme, as its Patri¬ arch or Primate ; until Henry the Eight!), by his Royal Authority, (as he andall other Kings might remove the r Chancellors or other Of;- ccrs, and difpofc of their Offices to others) did remove the Primacy, , or Mctropolitanftiip from the See of to the Sec of Canterbury ; a: 1:0im? far more agreeable to civil Policy ar.d Prudence, that fuch a high Power (hould be pla¬ ced rather in a Subjebi of our own Nation, than ina Sovereign Prince, (for fo is the Pope over , Ever?! Territories in Italy) and he far remote bcvniid the Seas: which ejection of the Popes Authority was not done, as in other Nations, ty ; epuUr Fury and Fadfion but by the ma- 23 €Ijc Parent State ■ ture deliberate Counfcl of Godly and Learncf Divines Afl-mblcJ in Convocation,with the ciP profs Authority of the King, and ratified by tl/; Three States in Parliament. ! The minds of Etglijh Cbridians thus deliver¬ ed from the Spiritual Tyranny of the BdTiopc }{om;, and the Dignity of Erglifli Kings, fro: the Sp ritual flavery under him; the King ar. Clergy took this oceafion to reform the mar" abufts and errours crept into the Church, i length of time, by the great negligence and co: ruption of Governours; whe.cin the wifdo: of the Etglijh Reformers, is to be admired! all Poflcrtfy, which is briefly thus: Firfl, care was taken, lefl that fas it oft ha; pens in indifcrect Purges, and whcrc-cvcr or.; the People hath been the Reformer) the got fhould be taken away with the bad ; care w. taken to retain all that could lawfully and coy vcnuntly be retained in the fymijb Liturgy, c Maf)*llook, in their Ccremcnial and Canons; t„ take out all the Gold, and to leave only tl! Drofs, and this according to the example of of Lord and Saviour fefut Ctrijl, who, in bis R(| formation of the JewiJb Religion, that thejtri might be lefs offended, and more cafily wcej thought fit to retain divers old Elements; if their H'jJNrgi, be converted into the Sacramc-y cand fotheircullomofircadanduif in their Fijjhvtr, lie turned into the o'bcrCli:| flian S/icr.vner,t, Ijc. In a word, it was ref. ved, not to I'cparate farther from the Clmr/ tf P x cmc in Doftrinc or Difciplmc, than t'r; Church had feparated from what (he was in h: pured time'. For Doffrinc, they embract that excellent Counfcl of the Prophet, Stc fir of ENGLAND. iper via tntiyta iS videtc qusnxm ft vil red. jmbulueintr, thay made a Hand, and tool vciwofthe pnrclt Primitive Clirillian time: nd thence faw which was the right way, on; b! lowed that. l : cr the Diteipline of thistle ormcJ Church, they tonfidcred what it wa 1 n the pared times of the firil good Chrilliat imperors; for the times of pcrlccution (be. ore Temporal Princes embraced the Chri lian Faith 1 as they were moll excellent time or Doflrine and Maimers ; lb very impropc md mint for a Pattern or Example of cutwart boven meet and Policy. And had this Julticc Prudence, and Divine Policy, been ufed in ou Neighbouring Reformed Churches, doubtleft they had iccn a far more plentiful Hamit. The Dodrine of the Church ef EtgUr.i i contained in exprefs words of the Holy'Scrip rurc, in the 39, Articles, and the Book of Ho milies. The Worlhip and Difciplinc is feen in th Liturgy and Book ef Canons; by all wide it will appear to impartial Forreign Eye.,, th the Church of Er.glxnd may watrantafcly I Paid to be the moll exaft, and perfect Patcri of all the Reformed Churches it the World and whofoever (hall b: lo happy as to be true Sm of that Church, mull confefs, th; it is the moll Incorrupt, Humble , Innocer. Learned , the moil Primitive , molt Daren and Regular Church in Chridendom ; Th; her Doctrine is built upon the Prophets at: ■JEijc l&efent State of the beft Primitive Forms; the Cercmoniesi few, but necelfary, and fuch as tend only to decency, and in reafe of Piety; That (he holds the whole truly Catholick Foundation accord-! irg to the Scripture, and the four firft general Councils; That (he adheres dofcly to Tradition, truly Univerfal; that is, doth willingly receive, quol zb omr.ibut, quod ubique, quod fethptr recep turn fait; which is the old Rulcof Catholicifni; l'o that none can fay more truly with Tertulliat , than the Erglifo , In ea reguh incedimi quin Ecclefz zb Apojiolit, Apoftoli a Cbrifio, Ckrijhi a Deo zccepit. Search all the Religions in the World, none will be found more confonaiit to God’s Word, for Doftrinc, nor to the Primi¬ tive example, for Government; None will be found that alcribcs more to God, or that con- ftitutes more firm'Charity'amongftMch'; Nine will be found fo excellent, not only in the Cdm'- munity, as Chriflians, but alfo in the fpeciat Notion, as Reformed ; for it keepeth the mid¬ dle way, between the pomp of Superfluous Tyranny, and the meannefs of Fanatick Anar¬ chy. So that if that Man’s conceit were put in practice, that would have every Wife Mar. to have two Religions, the one a publick for con¬ formity to the Government, and the other a private to be referred in his own breafl, doubt 1 lets all well conlidcring Men would' choofe for their private Religion, that of the Church of Enghnd, if they were once well acquainted with Ir. two Points, the Church of Englind is tru¬ ly tranfeendent: Firft, it hath the grand Mark of the trucChurch, which molt European Chur¬ ches feem to want, and that is, Charity towards other Churches; for it doth not To engrofs Hea¬ ven to its own Profcflbrs, as to damn ali others Of, ENGL, AND. to Hell. Secondly, It is the great Glory of the Eiqlijb Proteftant Church, that it never refill¬ ed Authority, nor engaged in Rebellion; a praife, that makes much to her advantage, in the minds of all thofc who have read or heard of the difmal and devilifh effefts of the Holy. League in Fnr.ee, by Papillaof the Holy Co¬ venant'’in Scotland, by Puritans; and of the late Soltmn League and COVENANT in England, by Presbyterians. As for the fcandal.'.bcgotten by the lateTrou- blcs, and Murder of the late King, which Come of the endeavour t o throw upon the Eng- lilb Religion; it‘isfufficicntly known, that not one Perfon that was a known Favourer , and Praftifer of that Religion by Law cftabliih’d in England, was either a Beginner or active Profe- cutor of that Rebellionorany way an Abet- tot of that horrid Murtjhcr; for that ourRch- giohneither gives fuch Rules,.nor ever .did let fuch examples); nor indeed can that be truly faidto bean. Aft. either of the Parliament or People of England, but.only of a few wretched Mifcrcants, Sons of Filial! that had no fear of God before their eyes. About tbe year itfjr, or 1636, thcChnrch of England,, as well as.the State, feemedto be in her full Stature of Glory, fliining in Tran- feendent Emperial LuEre and Purity of Evan¬ gelical Truth: Her Religious Performances, her holy Offices, ordered and regulated agree¬ ably to the expedient of fuch Sacred ACtions: Her Difciplinc Models, fuitablc to the ApoEo- liquc Form; the Set and Suit of her Holy Ti ibe renowned for Piety and Learning; and there a 1 in fo Super-eminent a degree, that no Church • ■ c'a on cgc pjereitt State on this fide the Apoftolick, can hardly, or cvci could compare with her in any one. And ic this felicity fhe might probably have continued, had Ihe not been didurbed by a Generation ol Hypocritical, or at lcaft blind Zealots; whofc Predeceflors ir. Queen Elizabeth's time, began to oppofc that excellent begun Reformation, and then to contrive the alteration of Govern¬ ment; beginning fird very low at Caps and Hoods, Surplices, and Epifcopal Habits; but thefe flew higher, proceeding at length to the heighth of all Impiety, fubverted even Liturgy, Epifcopacy, and Monarchy it fclf; all which our moll Gracious King, upon his Reflauration hath mod Wifely and Pioufly redored, after the example of that good King fJezekiab.i Chroti i, 3. Since which, we are able to render this joyful account of the Religion, and Church of Er.glar.d, viz. That there is nothing want¬ ing in order to Salvation; We have the Word of God, the Faith of the Apodles, the Creeds of the Primitive Church, the Articles of the Four Fird General Councils ,"a Holy Liturgy; Excellent Prayers , Due Adminidration of Sa¬ craments, the Ten Commandments, the Ser¬ mons of Chriif, and all the Precepts and Coun¬ cils cf thcGofpel, We teach Faith and Repen¬ tance, and the nccedity of Good Works, and ftriftly exaft the feverity of a Holy Life. We live in obedience to God, ready to part with all for His fake; We Honour His mod Holy b atne; We Worihip Him at the mention of His Name; Y£c confcls His Attributes; We of ENGLAND. Weapons again!! him or his Army but Prayers and Tears: we hold a charitable refpeft toward all Chrillians : We confds our Sins to God,and to our Brethren, whom we have offended, and to God’s Minillcrs the Pricils, in cafes of a fcan- dal, or of a troubled Confcicuce; and they du¬ ly abfulvc the penitcntSoul. We have an un¬ interrupted fucccffion of Reverend, Learned and Pious Bifliops, whoOrciain Pricils and Dea¬ cons, Confccrate Churches, Confirm the Bap- tiz.d at a due age, Blcfs the People, Intercede for them, Vifit oft their rcfpedlivc Diocefles, taking care of all Churches, that they be lVrvccl with as good and able Pallors as the final] main¬ tenance can invite . They dctencl cl.e Churcll- Libcrtics, confer Inllitutions, inflict Eccldialti- cal Centres, difpcnfc in certain Cafes, keep Hofpitaiity, asSt.PuHladmonifheth; and Preach as oft as neccifity requireth. Hodie eitim Deque Cmmitorum pcucitxs uti o!m, Deque Ujiielium mltiiudo hoc exigere videtur : For now nei¬ ther that fcarcity of Preachers which was a- mongff the Primitive Chrillians, nor multitude of Heathens which dwelt among them , doth fecin to require it, but that rather like good Pilots, who fitting Hill at the Helm, (while others labour and toil at the Ropes and Sails) they (hould make it their whole bufinefs (by confidcring the Winds and Tides, the Rocks and Shelves, the Seafons and Climates) that the Ship may keep her right courfc, and be fafe- ly brought to her defired Haven; for it hath been unluckily obferved, that as a Ship is then in moll danger , when the Pilot fhall quit the Helm to pull at a Rope; fo thofcDiocclTcshave commonly been worfl governed, whofe Bilhops have been moil Bookiili, and moll frequent in the Pulpit, D ; Even eijc parent ©tnte Even (incc the beginning of our Reformation, there arc tome few Families in fcvcral Rifts of England. have perfifcd in the Romifh Religion, and are ufually called Papifis from Papa, the old ufuai name of the Bilhop of pome. AgainU tnefe there arc divers fcvcrc Laws ilill in force, but their number being not coniidcrablc, nor their Loyalty for many years lail pall qucllion- abic. rhoic Laws have been more rarely put in execution; bcfidcs.thc clemency and gentle ufage (hewn to them here , begets in Romifh States and Potentates abroad , the like gentle treat¬ ment of their Proteftant Subjedts, and of the Erglifi. livh>e within their Dominions. Yet -uLivitliftandingaU the clcmcncyand gentle ufage {hewn them, fo many years, the ingratitude, ambition, and blind zeal offomeofthemoflate hath been fuch, that at the infligation of the Jr- fairs they have cor.fpircd traitcroufly againft the life of their King, and Government of the King¬ dom, for which fome few of them have moil dc- fcrvtdiy fjffercd. As for tiiofc other Perfwafions, whofe Pro- fcITorsarc commonly called Presbyterians, Ixde- perJar.'.s, JlxabapiiQs, Quakers, Fifth-Monarchy Men, Planters , Adamites , Antmmians, Sabba¬ tarians, Perfect ior.ijis, Family of Love, and the rdf of thofc Mufhrooms of ChrijUanity ; as moil of them fpreng up fuddcnly in the late unhappy night cfconfufion, fo it is to be prefumed, that they may in a fhort time van-ifli in tin's bleflcd day of Order: and tl crcforc not worthy to be ddcrib d 1 e.c as RcligionsprofclTcdin England: for, as the State of England doth account them no other Members than the Pudenda of the Nay tion, and arc athamed of them: £uippc nbi cs- t'eri membra movextur ad arbitrium bomixii, bxc fila tarn turlida, ixordinata ac ejj'rccxata fur.! ut pr.r- of E N G L A N D. ttr C? com ra voluntatem commveri foknt ; To nci- ' thcr doth the Church of England look upon thofc Profelfors as Sons, but Baftards: ormakc an account of any other intcrctt in them, than a man makes of thofc Vermin which breed out of his excrcmentitious fwcat, or thofe Jfcarides which come fometimts in his molt uncleanly ^Touching the Jew, which by the latcllfur- per were admitted at London, and lince continue ed by the bare permihion of the King, and buf¬ fered to hire a Private Houfc, wherein to.hold their Synagogue ; they arc not conlidcrablc cither for Number, making not above 30 or 40 Fami¬ lies, nor for their Wealth or Abilities, being for the molt parr Poor and Ignorant. As fome years before the late Troubles, no People of any Kingdom in the World enjoyed more freedom from Slavery and Taxes, fo gene¬ rally, none were freer from evil tempers and humours, none more devoutly Religious, miHing- ly obedient to the Laws, truly Loyal to the Zjng, lovingly hofpMIe to Neighbours, ambitiou/ly civil 10 Strangers , or more liberally charitable to tbs Needy. No Kingdom could fhew a more valiant, pru¬ dent Nobility, a more learned pious Clergy, or a more contented loyal Commonalty. The Men were general lyhoncft, the Wives and Women chalte and modclt, Parents loving, Chil¬ dren obedient, Husbands kind, Mafters gentle, and Servants faithful. In a word, the Englijb were then, according to their Native tempers, the belt Neighbours, belt friends, belt Subjells, and the belt Chilians m the World. Good Nature was a thing To peculiar to the Englift Nation, and fo appropriated by Almighty 3Dfje Paefent State God to them, (as a Great Perfon obferved) that it cannot well bcTranflatcd into another Lan* guag-, orpraflifcd by any other People. Amongft thefe excellent Tempers, amongj this goodly Wheat, whilft Men liept, the Ene¬ my came and (owed Tires, there fprang up of later years a fort of People, forere, fallen, fuf. pciotes, querulous, cevferious, peevijh, envious, re- firved, lumro beinei, ckfe-fjled, [elf-conceited, •gnonnt, jliff-necked, Children of Belial, (accor¬ ding to the genuine fignification of that word, which is a lawlcfs Man, one that will not fub- mit or conform to the Government) ever prone to deffife Dominion, to {peak, evil of Dignities, to gain-fay Order, Buie, and Juthortty, who have accounted it their Honour to contend with Kj r S s and Govemours, and to dtfquiet the Peace ot JQngioms, whom no deferts, no clement] could ever oblige, neither Oaths or Fromifet bind, breathing nothing but Sedition and Ca- /umr/er againd the efiabliih’d Government, afpi- ring without meafurc, railing without reafon, and making their own -mild fancies the Square and Rule of their Cor.fcier.ces-, hating, defpifing, or dilrcfpcdting the Nobility, Gentry, and Jute- riot Clergy, 15c, Thefe lurking in all quarters of England, had at length, with their peflilential breath, infedt- ed fomc of the word Nam’d, and morfe Nur¬ tur’d Gentry, divers of the Inferior Clergy, mod of the Tradefmen, and very many of the Peafar.- try; and prevailed fo far, as not only to (poll the bed governed State, and to mine thepured and mod dourifhing Church in Chriflendom, but aho to corrupt themunfr, the humours, and very statures of fo many Englijb, that notwithdand- ,n j !itc ha PPY Rcdauration of the King andgahops, the incedant jaynt endcavoursand iludics Of ENGLAND. (Judies of all ourGovemors to rc J uce this Peo¬ ple to their pnjt/whappincrs, yet no Man now living can reafouably hope to fee in l.is time the. like bl.-fled days again, without a tranfplanta- tionof all thofc ions of behdl (as King fames in his Grave Tclhment to his Sou did intimate) without an utter extirpation of thofc Tares, which yet the Clemency and Mcckncfe of the Protellant Religion feems to forbid; unlcfs they arefuch who believe thcmfclvcsobliged in Con¬ fidence to take all opportunities, occafionsand advantages to extirpate and ddboy the prefent Church-Government by Law cftablifh’d in Eng- hrJ, and in purfuance of the fame to venture their Lives and Eftates, and conliantly to conti¬ nue in that belief all the days of their Lives, againd all oppofitinn whatfoever, as the Words of their SOLEMN LEAGUE and COVE¬ NANT arc. To fuch no Prince nor Potentate in Europe will ever indulge, fo far as to differ them to breathe the fame Air with them : And yet fuch is the Mercy of our Gracious King, and the Lenity of our Reverend difhops, and of our two Houfes of Parliament, that they thought fit hitherto r.ot to banifh any one perfon for en- tting into that IMPIOUS COVENANT, not • to exclude any ofthem from any Office of Church or State, who have been willing to abjure the fame. The Nobility and chief Gentry of Eughni, have been even by ("(rangers compared to the fined Flower, but the lower fort of common People, to the courfell Bran ; the innate good nature, joyned with the liberal education and converfe with ftrangers in Foreign Coun¬ tries, render thofc exceeding civil; whereas the wealth, infolcncc, and pride of thefe, and CIjc parent State ! the rare cor,verfc with (irangert, have rcmlrcd! them fo dillalkful, not only to the few Strar,-1 gers wl’.o frequent England, but even to theit! own Gentry, that they could I'ometimcs wifh, 1 that cither the Country were lefs plentiful, or that the Impofirions were heavier; for, byrea- fon of the great abundance of Flejb and Fiji, Corn, Leather, Wool, eke. which the Soyl of its own bounty, with little labour, doth produce, the Peafantsat their cafe, and almoli forgetting labour, grow rich, and hereby lo proud, info, lent, and carelels, that they neither give that, humble refpedt and awful rcvcrencc> which in other Kingdoms is ufually given to Nobility, Gentry, and Clergy, nor arc they fo induftrious, or fo skilful in MamfaUttres , as fomc of our Neighbour-Nations; fo that in England it is ;ro Paradox to affirm, that as too much indigeney in the inferior fort of People doth deprefs the lpi- rits, and dull the minds of them, fo too plentiful and rvMton a fortune, caufcth in them a ladnefi and left indufiry ; that State commonly enjoying mod peace and order anti happinefs, where cither the moderate barrennefs of the Country, or was: of ground, or multitude of Impofts fas in Holland j do ncccffitate the common people to be induftri¬ ous in their Callings, and fo to mind their ov.i:, as not todifturb the State and Church affairs. Moreover, of the Englijb, cfpecially of the Pcafantry, it hath been formerly and unhappily obferved, that then it tsbappiej} with them,when they arc fomewhat preffed,ar,d in a complaining condition, according to that old Rhiming Verfc, Euftica gens ejl optima flens pefiima ri- dens. The Englijb Common People anticntly were, 39 t)£ ENGLAND, md at this day arc very apt to hearken to Pro- ’befits, and to create Prodigies ; and then to in*, erpret them according to their own extrava- >ant conceits; to invent, and then maintain any jieinoft prodigious Opinions and Tenets in Di¬ vinity : fomc of the inferior fort of late holding abominable opinions, unworthy even of Men, and fuch as in no age was ever broacht before. The Er.gHfl) Nstionsl Vices were antiently Vices Gluttony, and the cffcfls thereof Lafeivioufnefs, (when they made four Meals in a day, and moft exceffivc Fesflitg, with great plenty of Punch when Women of ftofejfed Jrxomir.ency were permitted to prefer their Bodies to all Comers, in certain places called Stems or Stoves, or Bitting Pisces ; bccaufc Men were wont to butt thcnifclves there fas fiill in other Coun¬ tries) before they addreft thcmfelvcs to Venoms Ails'. But immediately before the late ggbcl- Vm, (that unhappy Fountain, from whence is evidently derived whatfoever al mofi is now ami Is in Church or State, in Court, City, or Country), no People,unlcfs perhaps the Higk-Germns ,were morcinodcliand challc, more true to the Marri¬ age-Bed, whereby was produced a healthy llrong Rate, fit for all Arts and Sciences, for Agricul¬ ture, for Trsffick., for Strand Peace, for idvi- gition, Plmstions, See. Another EnglifiN’stiomlP'ke svas Pride in /f- fare/,wherein they were antiently fo extravagant and foolilh, fo fuperfluous and obfcenc, that di¬ vers Statutes before our Eeformst'm in Religion, md Homilies {twee, have been made againlt that' cxccfs; and an Englifh Man was wont to be pi- ; ftured naked with a pair of Tsylors Sheers in his hand, a piece of Cloth under his arm, andVCr- 40 £ije l&efcnt state j fes annext, intimating that he knew not what fafliion of Clothes to hare. Excels if Drinking wasanticntly more rare ig S J Erghod, as appears by an old Poet: . Ecce Eritinr.Orum ms eft hudibilss ifte, Vl bibit arbilrio. pcuh quifjue fuo. The Dims in the time of King Edgir foil brought it in, but it was afterwards banilht hence, fo that we find no antient Statute fincc the Conqucfi again!! it; for though the Statutci heretofore made again!! ciccfs in Appirel and Djet, arc antient, yet thofc again!! Drunkennefi arc but of late date. As the Englifh returning from the Wars in the Holy Lir.d, brought home the foul difeafe of Lt- pofte, now almofl extinflhcrc, though not yet in our Neighbouring Countries: fo in our Fa¬ thers days the Englifi returning from the fervice in the Netherlands, brought with them the foul Vice of Drunkennefs, as befiJcs other Teltimo- monies, thcTermof Ctrous, from Cir-Auz, At out, learnt of the High-Dutch there, in the fame fervice; fo Quiff, Vc. This Vice of late was more, though at prefent fo much, that fomc per- fons. and thofeof quality maynotfafcly bevi- fitedin an Afternoon, without running the ha¬ zard of exceffive drinking of Heiltbs, (whereby in a fiiort time, twice as much Liquor is confu- med asbytheXtoci, who (ip 2nd prate) and in fomc places it is efieemed a piece of wit to make a Man drunk; for which purpofe, fom c[milling hfipid Trencher Buffoon is always at hand. However, it may be truly affirmed, that at prefent there is generally lefs Excels in Drivi¬ ng, (especially about London, fincc the ufc of Coffee) | ofENGLAND. jLfoj) left esccfs in Dyet but principally in ijnirel, than heretofore, infomuen, that the m'or Tradefman is much pit cht thereby; for, as • t i s expedient for the benefit of the w hole Com- -nnwlii, that divers unncccflary and fuperflu- ous Commodities fhould be allowed, as Tobacco, Co§et, Spices, Sugars, H}ip*s, Silks, Fine Lin- " f„ feme Ids hurtful exedfes (as in ^p- tjr’ei Vh% Building, Hid Furniture of Houles, mnefrv, Beds, Flate, levels, Coaches, Lac- l e) ! mull either be connived at, or much ■ofall’thc Money of the Nation mull liedcad and 'un : nmloyed,(asnow itdoth in the private,/iita, difeontevted, niggardly facorfemijis hand) ami iTradefmcii mull cither (larve.or be fuflaincd by ■ A1 The ^in of Buggery brought into England by ..the Lombards, as appears not only by the word . h^ovv'Varc^y p^aflif^am^ngl^E^JrJb, ; fometimesdifeovered amongll Aliens w England, : and then punifht by Death without any icmilii- j° 'immfenments, fo ordinarily in Italy ,mc foabo- i minable amongll Engfa as a. H. 3. it was made H : eIi Treafon , though lincc repealed ; aher - vd,ich, thcpunifhmcnt for it was to be put alive into a Cauldron of Water, and there boiled to , death i atprefentit is Felony without bene ht of 'subbing in England is much more feldom than in Italy, the Englijh being cafily to be reconciled, to pardon and remit offences, not apt to leek re¬ venge; the true well bred Englijh have morerot inclination to goednefs, which the Greet.' called rkilantkrofia, than other Nations; the Nobi- litv, and well bred Gentry delightirg to be gra¬ cious and courteous with llrangcrs ; compa.- fionatc €ije l^ercnt State Conatc tothcafflifled. and grateful to Benefa. ftors, when their I’urfc or Eltate, not diverted by other extravagant cxpcnccs, "ill give them leave to remember them. Duelling, i'o common heretofore, is now ah mort laid afidc heic as well as in France. s. The EngUjh, according to the Climate, are oi a middle temper. The Northern Saturnine , and the Southern Mercurial temper meeting in their CoiilHtntions, render them ingenuous and aUivg vet jolii and perfevering, which nourifht under i Suitable liberty, infpircs a courage generomai lajiirg. Their Ingenuity will not allow them to bt excellent at the Cheat, butfubjedf in that point rather to take than give, and fuppofing otheri as open-hearted as themfelvcs, arc many tints in Treaties ovcr-matcht by them, whom they over-matcht in Arms and true P'alour; which hath been very eminent in all Ages, and almoil in al! Lands and Seas too of the whole World. The Englifh, fince the Reformation, arc fo much given to Literature, that all forts are ge¬ nerally the moll knowing people inthe World, They have been fo much addifted to Writing, and efpecially in their own Language, and with fo much licence or connivance, that according to the obfervation of a Learned Man, there have been during our late Troubles and Confufions, nmc good, and more had Books printed and pub- lilhcil in the Engliih Tongue, titan in all the vul¬ gar Languages in Europe. for foiidiry of Matter, for tdcgancy of Style and Method in their Sermons, Comedies, Ifonum ces ; as alio in their Books of Divinity, Philofophy, fh)(h\, IJijlcry , and all other foliJ Learning, no ho Nation hath furpaflcd the Er.glif:, and few iquall’d them. \ The Englijb, cfpecially the Gentry, arc fo jiuich given to Prodigilitj , Sports, and Pajlimes, that Ulates arc oftner fpent and fold, than in ‘any other Country : They think it a piece of .'frugality beneath a Gentleman to bargain be¬ forehand or to Count afterward, for what they ■cat in any place, though the rate he moll un- 'rcafonablc; whereby it conics to pafs, that Cooks, i/imers, hit-keepers, and fuch mean Fellows, (enrich thcmfelves, and begger and infult over hthe Gentry. In a word, by tkir prodig.tlity it Jeomesto pal's that not only thole, but Tjylors, }X>jecirg-M:ijlers, and filch Trifling Fellows, ar- [riveto tint Riches and Pride, astoridein their Coickes, keep their Summer-houfes, tobefer- Jved in Plate, iSc. an infolcnce infuj portablc in jjetlicr wcll-govcrn’d Nations. Becaufe the fevcral Puniftvucnfs inflifled for Pumfb. fevcral crime;, arc different in moil Countri.s; rr.nt of |end tl ofe of Er.glgr.i mr.ch different fro-n thofe Crimi- sof allothcr Countries; a brief account t fthcm,«a/;. fi may probably not be unacceptable, to Fereign- jCiseipcaally. 'i All Crimes in ErghrJ, that touch the life of ;a Man, arc either tsigh-Trefon, Tety-Treafo*, for Felor.y. Although tome ftigh-Treafwi are fwch more heinous and odious than others, yet j the pimifliment by haw is the lame for all forts ; (except for Coyningof Money) and that is, That the Traytor laid upon a Hurdle or Sledge, b; drawn to the Gallows, there hanged by the Neck, prcfcntlycut down alive, bis Entrails to , be iVAlcnly pulled out of his Belly, and burnt before 44 Clje l&efent State bcforcthe face of the Criminal, then his Head to! be cut otfj his Body to b: divided intofour parts;! and lafHy, that the Head and Body be hung upj or impaled where the King fhall command. ] Befides all this he (ball forfeit all his Lands, and Gcods whatfoever, his Wife (hall lofc her Dower, his Children their N'ob.Hty, and all theirj right of inheriting him, or any other Ancdlord Our Law thinking it moll rcafonable, that he! who endeavoured to dcllroy the King,!he Breath: ot our Nollrils, and thereby to rend the MajcByl of Government, his Body, Lands, Goods, ar.d Pollcrity, ibould berenr, torn, anddcllroycd. For Coyning of Monty, though adjudged Hig 1; Tr«/s»,the punilbment having been only Draw, ingand Hanging, before the Statute of 15 £4.3, it remains fo (Jill. Tcw-Truftn, is cither when a Servant killed; his Mafler or Miftrifs, or a Wife killcth her Hus. band, or a Clergy-man bis Prelate, to whom he oweth obedience; and for this crime the pit- nifhmcnt is to be Drawn (as before) and to be Hanged bv the Neck til! he be dead. The pu- mlbmert for a Woman conviftcd of High-Trei-{ (on, or Fetit-Trafon, is all one; ar.d that is, to be Drawn an I Burnt alive. Felonies, or all other capital Crimes, for which anricntly there were levcral forts of Pu- mlhmems, tiil//«i.i.. ordained that the Puniih- ments ti,r all I-'eionies, (hould be to be Hanged by the neck till they be dead. But if a Peer of the Realm commit High- TreMon, Fciit-Trejfon , or Felony, although his Judgment be the f.me with that ofcommon per- b’ns: yet the King doth ufually extend lb much favour to luth, a^ tocaufe them only to be be¬ headed with an Ax, upon a Block lying on the, ground, I of ENGLAND. 45 p r 0 ur.d, and not as in all other Countries, by a Sword, kneeling or Handing. If a Criminal Indidted of Petit-Twfoxot' Pe- ]0fj, refufeth to ailfwcr, or to put himlclf upon a Legal Tryal; then for fuch Handing Mute, and Contumacy,he is prcfcntly to undergo that hor¬ rible puniihmcnt, called Pme forte Ctf dure; that is, to be fent back to the l'rifon from whence lie came, and there laid in fomc low dark Room, upon the bare ground, on his back, all naked befide his Privy parts, his Arms and Legs drawn with Cords, fattened to the fcvcral quarters of the room; then fhall be laid up: n his Body, Iron and Stone, fo much as he may hear, or more: the next day lie fhall have three Morfcls of Barley Bread without Drink; and the third Day (hall have Drink of the Water, next tothel'rifon-door, except it be Running-Wa¬ ter, without Bread; and this fhall be his Diet till’hc die. Which grievous kind of Death, fome fiout fellows have fometimes chofciL that fo not being tryed and convidted of their Crimes, their Ellates may not be forfeited to the King, but defeend to their Children; nor their Blood llained. , . Butin cafe of Higb-Treifott, though the Cri¬ minal Hand mute, yet Judgment (hall be given againH him, as if lie had been convidted, and hisEflatc confifeated. After Beheading or Hanging, the Criminal's friends ufually interr the Body decently, where they pleafc ; only if the Crime be very cnor- ■ mous, as for Murdering and Robbing any per¬ ron , then by Order is the Criminal ufually bang’d by the Neck, till be be dead, and after¬ wards bang’d in Chains, till the 1 ody rot; and 4 of all Goods, and aifo imprilonmcnt fur For Strikjr. tlosi it drawn, rninal fliall ha mod Gil and 1 ■ s in the Ring's Court, nbetjbj the punilhment is, that the Cri- Ivc his right-hand flruckcn off, in iblcmn manner; as more at large in the Chapter of the King's Court. For Striking in treJImnJler-JTa!! whilft the Courts of Jufticc are fitting , is iinpnfonment luring life, and forfeiture of all his Eliatc. For one found in a Trxmunire, that is, one who incurs the fame punillimcnt which was m- flidfed on thofewho tranfgrcfred the Statute of \6 R. 2, cat. y. commonly called the Statute of Tr.imr.in , corruptly as fome think from the ’Writ Tr.tmmre, for Trxmncre facias, is c. for fuchanonc, the punillimcnt is forfeiture of all ill is Eliatc, to be put out of the King s Prote¬ ction, and imprifonment during the King s pica- fl The punidiment of Petit Jurors attainted of giving a Vcrdiil contrary to Evidence, witting¬ ly, is fevere and terrible; they are condemned I to lofc the Franchifc or Freedom of the Law; That is, become infamous, and of no credit, un- capable of being a Witncts. or of a Jury; their Houfcs Lands, and Goods, fhall be feized into the K ing’sliandS) their Floufes pulled down,their [Meadows ploughed up, their Trees rooted up, [all their Lands laid wade, and their Bodies 1m- €lje p^fcnt State Any Man or Woman convi&ed in tke Bidiopl Court of Herefic, was to be delivered overt! the Secular Power, and to be burnt alive, bJ this is lately repealed. 1 Felo de fe, that is, one who wittingly killctj; him.elf, is to be buried out of Ckrijlian Burnt. with a Stake driven tkrough the Corps, and t/ forfeit his Goods. f: Drunkards, Vagabonds, Cfr. arc puni[kt| by fating their Legs in the Stocks for certaii hours. Scolding If omen are to be fet in a Trcluck' commonly called a Cuchjngjlool, perhaps fro; the French Coqtiine, and the German Stul, tl:| gueans Chair ; placed over feme deep Waters, into which they arc letdown, and plunged ur, der Water thrice, to cool their cholcr and heat Other Mifdemcanors arc commonly punifhei with Imprifonments or Fines, and fometimci with both. As for breaking on the Wheel, and other likt torturing Deaths, common in other Chriifa Countries, the Fnglijb look upon them as to cruel for Chrifiian 1'rofclTors to ufe. For putting any to the Rack, (unlcfs perhap in Tonic cafes of Higb-Treafon ) it is by the lijb believed to favour of too much flavifhneis befides, they contemning and defpifing dead and yet not enduring Torture, will fooncr ac¬ knowledge thcmfclvcs guilty of any the foulcf: crimes whatfoever, than be put to the Rack, an-; then the people, notaccuilomed tofuchciuclty ' would be apt to phy the party tortured, and abo¬ minate the Sovereign and his Judges, for inrre-j ducing fuch a cuflom, the Jury would cafily quit; the Prifoner of whatever Confeffion told tf, thus extorted. ! of ENGLAND. To give the Reader an exaft account of the Number number of people in Erglmd, will be very (lift- of Ink. cult, but a near cuuj.flu; c may be thus made. Mims, Er.gl.trJ contains 97 5 Pnridics, now allow- irgto each Parifh, one with another, ?o Fami¬ lies, thcicw.il be77 8oooFarmliesi and to each Family 7 ptrlbns, there will be found in all, Five Millions lour hundred forty lixthoufar.d ^'ouls, ' and among!! tlicm One Million of Fighting Men. The Erglifn Tongue being at prefent much Their refined, exceedingly copious, exprejfive, and fig- Language nifesnt, (by rcafon of a liberty taken by the Na¬ tives, of borrowing out of all other Languages, whatever might conduce thereunto) is (asthe'r lilo.'d) a mixture chiefly ef the old Saxon (a Dialed of the Teutonic^) and the old Norman (a Dialed of the Drench ) not without fome'fa- vour of the hriuins, hgmans, and Danes Lan¬ guages. Th: Romans poflefling England, caufcd their Tongue, the Latins once, to be generally ufed in this Country, The Saxons fuccccding, introduced their Lan¬ guage, wherefoever they feated thcmfelves. The Normans afterwards getting pofleflion of England, caufcd the Norman or French Tongue to be learnt at School,' by the Saxons, and for a long time, had all Lam, Pleadings, Sermons, Cfc. in irer.cb. The lathe Tongue at prefent is made ufe of in Court- EoUs, Egcoris, Proct/fcs .of Courts, in Charters, Commiffwns, Patents, Writs, Bonis, and fomc Statutes arcftill kept in that Language. D The ®i)c Ipjcfcnt State The Names of Siitet, Cities, Towns, and TV- Uses, Phiccs, and Men in England, are generally Saxon, and lb are moll Nouns Appellative, and a great part of the Perks. . j In French, or rather Norman, are lull writ-i ten the Common-Laws, and learnt by young Stu¬ dents thereof. All Sports, Pleadings all A/eott,. and Lm-Exercifts, are wholly French ,Dccla-1 rations upon Original Writs, and all Rccorcs■ arc written in French ; feme old Statutes^, ftill in that Tongue. In Parliament, the ai.cnt; or dilfent to Bills made by the King, Lords or Commons, is in French. Almoft all our term, in Hunting, Hawking, Dicing, Dancing, Singing dec. are [till French, The Natives of England, by reafon of th< Temperate Climate, Mild Air, not rendred uit cnual by High Mountains, and unhealthy by ma ny Marjhes, plenty of wholfom food , and tb ule of Beer rather than Wine, Pour la belie taiJt Cf k beau tcinfl au viftge, as the French lay, fo. a juft, handtom, large proportion of a Body, lot clear complexions, and plcalmg features, do iur- pafs all the Nations in the World. And per- haps for fomc of the fame reafons, molt other Animals, as the Horfes, Oxen, Sheep, Smut, Dees, Cockj, tfc. are obferved by Strangers to be generally better ftaped than in any other Country of England. The Englilh arc generally great F.ejh-eaters ; although bv the n:arnefs of the .to, and al.un-1 dance of Fevers and Eijh ponds, there is no wart of Filh. In former times their Table was in ma; ny places covered four times a day; they £reah.faih, Dinners, Beverages, and Supperi, and every where Set Dinners and Suppers, until of ENGLAND. the time of the late troubles wherein many eminent Families being much impoYeriihed by the prevailing Rebels, a cuflom was taken up by fome of the Nobility and Gentry, of eating a more plentiful Dimer, but little or no Supper; as on the contrary, the Romans and Jews anti- ently, and the hotter Climates at this day, have lit'.le or no Dimers, but fett Suppers. The Englijh are not now fo muchaddiftcd t*i Glut en) sml Drunhennefs, as of late years, but moTobacco more. Feajling alfo is not fo common and profufe, as antiently; for although the Fea/is at Coronations, at the Injialdation of Flights of tie Garter, Con - fetation of Eijleops , Entertainments of Ambajfa- iors, the Feajis of the Leri Major of London, of Sergeants at Law, and Raders Feajis in the hits if Court, are all very fumptuous and magnifi¬ cent in thefe times, yet compared to the Feajis of our Ancejlors, fec.ui to be but niggardly and fparing : for Richard Earl of Cormval, Brother to Hemp the Third, had at his Marriagc-Fcaft, as is Recorded, Thirty thoufand Difhcs of Meat; and King Rjehiri the Second, at a Cbrijlmas, fpent dayly Twenty fix Oxen, Three hundred Sheep , bcfidcs Fowl, and all other Provifion proportionably : fo antiently at a Call of Ser¬ geants it Law, each Sergeant (faith Fortefeue) (pent Sixteen hundredC’rowns in Fcafling, wh eh in thofe days was more than Sixteen hundred Founds now. The EngUJb that feed not over liberally, (whereto the great plenty and variety of Viands entire them) nor drink much Wins, but content themfelves with 'mall Ale otStder, (but speci¬ ally the latter) arc ohferved to be much men' health), and far longer lived, than ar.y of out Neighbouring Nations. Of ENGLAND. 53 For variety of Dhertifements, Sports and fie- Pecrca- orations, no Nation doth excel the Englijh. tins. The King hath abroad his Forefis, Cbajes, and Forks, full of variety of G.mr ; tor Hunting Fed and Fallow Veer, Foxes, Otters; //owning, h:s Paddock.-Cour[es,Horfe-Faccs,&c. and at home, Tcnnit, Felmel, Billiard, Comedies, Opcro’s,Maf- cerades, Boils, Ballets, OY. The Nobility and Gentiy have their Parly, Warrens, Decors, Pad- dock_-Courfes, Horfe-Faces , Huntings, Courpng, Fijbing, Fowling, Hawking, Settieg-Dogs, Tum¬ blers, Lurchers, Ducfi-huntirg, Cock-fighting, Guns for Binding, Low-Bells, Bat-Fowling ; Acg'ing, Nets, Tennis, Bowling, Billiards, Tables, Cbejs, Draughts, Cards, Dice, Catches, Sfiueftions, Pur- pofes, Stage-Plays, Masks, Balls, Dancing, Sing¬ ing, all forts of Mupcal Jnflruments, &c. The Citizens and Peafants have Hard-Ball,Foot-Ball, Skittles, or Nine-Fins, Shovel-Board, Stow-Ball, Coffee, Trol-Madams, Cudgels, Bear-baiting. Bull¬ baiting, Bow and Arrow, Throwing at Cocks, Cock.- fighting, Shuttlecock, Bowling, Sfiupits, Leaping, Wrefiling, Pitching the Bar, and Fjnging of Bells, a Recreation ufed in no other Country of the World. Amongftthcfc, Cock: fight irg feemsto all Fo¬ reigners too childilh and unfuitablc for the Gen¬ try, and for the Common People, Bull-baiting and Bear-baiting Item too cruel : and for the Citizens, Foot-Ball, and Throwing at Cocks, ve¬ ry uncivil, rude, and barbarous within the Ci¬ ty. Nomina quap.Notaminai Names were fir(l im- Englijb pofed upon Men for dillinftion fake by the Names. Jews at their Circumcipon , by the Fginans at the ninth day after their Birth, and by the Chri- fiians'at the Baptifm ; of fuch fignification for the mod part that might denote the future good D 3 hope 54 Clje pjefcnt @tate hope, or good wifhes of Parents towards theit Children. The Englijh Names of Baptifm arc generally either Saxon, as Robert, Orchard, Henry,William,. Edward Edmund, Edwin, Gilbert , Walter, Leo- nurd, (?c. which arc all very lignificativc - , or' clfe out of the Old and New Tellamcnt, as A- brabam , Ifaac, Jacob, John, Thomas, Jama, lie.. Orfometimes the Mothers Surname, and rare-! ly twoChriliian Names, which yet is ufual in; other Countries, cfpccially in Germany. Sur- Names fuper-added to the Chriliian Names 1 names, the French call Surnames, (i. e.) /tiger Nomina. , The Hebrews, Greeks, and moll other anti- ent Nations, had no Surnames fist to their Fa¬ milies, as in thefe days, but counted thus, fc: example among the Hebrews, Melchi Ben Addi, Addi Ben Cafam, &c. So the Britains, Hugh up Owen, Owen ap Bhefe. So the Jrijh, Heal mu Con, Con mac Dermoti, & C. As Chriliian Names were firft given for di- ftinftion of Perfons, lo Surnames fordillinflion of Families. About Anno 1000. the French Nation began to take Surnames with De prefixt of a place, ami Le prefixt for fome other qualifications; as at this day is their ufiial manner. The Eng/ijhal- ft > took to themfclvcj Surnames, but not gene¬ rally by the common People, till the Reign of Edward the Firft. Great Offices of Honour have brought divers Surnames, as Edward Fitz-Theobald, being long ago made Butler of Ireland, the Duke of Or¬ mond and his Ar.ceftors defeended from him, took the Surname of Butler, fo Join Count Tan- querville of Nirmandy , being made Chamber- ; lain to the King of England, above 400 years ago, his Dcfcend.nts of Sterborn-Cajile in Ox- 55 Of ENGLAND. foMire, and of Prejlbury in Glocefterjbire, bear ftill th: fame Coat of Arms, by the name of Chamberlain. At firrt, for Surnantes, the EngUJh Gentry took the name of their Birth-place, or Habita¬ tion, usTbomas of Affon, or Eill Town, John of Sutton, or SouthTown ; and as they altered their Habitation, fo they altered their Surname. Af¬ ter, when they became Lords of places, they called thcmfelves Tltotm Ajlon of Ajlon, John Sutton of Sutton. The Sdxon common people for Surnames, ad¬ ded their Fathers Name with ion at the end thereof, as Thomas Johnfm, Robert Hjchirdfun. Thcv alfo ofc took their Fathers Nick-name, or Abbreviation with addition of s ; as Gibs, the Nick-name or Abbreviation of Gilbert, Bobs of Robert, Hicks of Nicholas, Bites of Bartholo- men, Sums of Spinel, Hodges of Roger ; and thence alfo Gibfon , Bobfon, Hickson, Bitfon, Simf[on, Hodfon, and Butcbinfon , &c. Many alfo were furnamed from their Tradc, as Smith, Joyner, Werner , Walker, that is Fuller in Old Englifh; and Goff, that is, Smith in Welch, tie. Or from their Offices, as Porter, Steward, Shep- heard. Carter, Spencer, that is Steward, Cook., Butler, Kemp, that is in Old Englilh, Soldier :. or from their place of abode, as Underwood, Under It it ; alfo Atwood, Atwell, A thill ; which three lad, arc flirunk into Woods, Wells, Hills. Or from their Colour or Complexion, as Faf¬ fix, that is Pair Lock}', Bigot, that is Speckjed; Blunt, or Blund, that is Flaxen Hair: fo from Birds, as Arundel, that is Swallow, Corbet.mt is Raven, Wren, Finch, Woodcock, c, fo from Bealls, as Lamb, Fox, Moyle, that is Mule. D 4 * he 56 Cfjc pjei'ciit state The Komars at their full coming into Eng¬ land, brought Surnames for many of their Ga¬ in, with dc prefix'd, as the French Cientry doth generally at this day, and their Chridian Names were generally Germat i; they being originally defended from xetmy, inhabited by Gemini, And lomc for about two hundred years alder the; Com; yell, took for Surnames their Fathers! Chriliian Name, with Tire, or Ti/rprtfixt,ss[ Egbert citz-Williim, Henry Fitz-Gerird, which; is as much as Wiliiimfon, Gerirdfon, tfc. 1 no Brit w:s, or II eljb more lately refined, did not take Surnames till cf late years, and that tor the inert part only by leaving our a in.tp, and annexing the p to their Fathers Chriliian Names,; as in llead cf Eva if Rfee , now Eva Brief, lb in (lead of up tiercel, tovsel-, if Hugh, Pugk: ap Ifogirs, Prigers, Vc. The moft antient Families, and of bert account for Surnames in Er.ghr.d, arc either thofc that are taken from places in Kormindy, and there¬ abouts in Prince , and from fome other Tranf* marine Countries, or elfe from places in Eng¬ land ant! Scotland, as F.w.ux, Ckiwonh Seymour, Nevil, Montague, Mohun, Biron, Bruges, Clif¬ ford, Berber, drey, Stourton, Motley, Court¬ ney, Granitfon, Hallirgs, Hie. which anciently had all depreSxt, but of latter times generally negleftcd , or made one word , as Divereux, Darcy, Hie. Erglifii j ;1 a t t || C beginning of Chrirtianity, computa- they counted, as all other Chriflians according non. to the then Ryymin account, by Olympiads , or (pace of five years. Afterwards (in the Reign of C onf amine rhcfiirt Chriliian Emperour) by lniiJiur.i, orfif.ccn years. At length, in the Reign of the Emperour ffujliniin , 531 years after Of ENGLAND. 57 after ChriR’s Incarnation, (and not beiorc.. all Chridians generally began to account tb Amir Chilli InemMi, at which t int one Vtir.yjiut EGguus oi Abu, a worthy i^mm, hadfimih’d a Cycle lor the obferviti n of Enfier, which w as then generally received, and is dill obferved by: he Church of Erghr.d, the ground where¬ of is this: Th of'ermi Equinox, at that time, was accounted to be the u of Mdreb, and by con- feque ccmut be the carl ieft Full Moon, and then Murd: the ttk mull be the carlidl New Moen.i rd Ami the i Sib mull be the latefl Full Afoc»;which happ ring on a Sundry, (as it will when the Pamir,ic.il Letter is C. and the Golden Number 8.) then Erjler that year will be April i y. So when the Aero Moon fhall been Mrrcbi. (as it will when the Domir.ial Letter is D. and the Golden Number itf.) then Eujler will be on the n of Mach, as was in the year ififiS. Put the l{omiJb Church inventing new Rules fir finding of E,tiler, it happens fometimes that their Eifler is full five weeks before ours, and fometimes with ours, but never after ours: for Pope Gregory the XIII. in the year 1581. ha¬ ving obferved , that upon exaft account, the year contained above days, not full fix i hours, (as had been from the time of Julius hat- fir hitherto reckoned} but only ? hours 46 mi¬ nutes, and 16 feconds, and this difference ofa!- moil 11 minutes in the (pace of about 134 years, maketh one whole day, which not confidcrcd Cnee the Regulation of Etjler, had brought back the year at lead ten days; infbmuch, that the yentl Equinox, which was at fil'd on the ; 1 of Mitch, was now on the jt of Mach, by rca- fon wflcreof, fometimes two Full Moons pad between the, Equinox and Eifler, contrary- Dv 10 58 %\)t Parent State to the Primitive Inflitution thereof, which was, that Ealier fbould always he obferved on the Sunday following the firll Fell Moon after the Venal Equinox. Pope Gregory then having ob- f.rved thefe inconveniences, rcfolved at once, to take away ten days; and that out of the month of Oiiober, by calling the fifth day there¬ of the fifteenth, and that for that year thofc Fe-, ilivals which fell in thofc ten days which, by. reafon of the Vintage time, were but few, ( ftiould be celebrated upon the iy, re, and t] days of that month. And that the Equinox might never retrocede for the future, it was then provided, that every four hundred years thr e, Eifextiie years flioulJ be left out, that is, in the : years 1700, 1800, and 1900, and fo again in 1100, 2 zoo, and 230?, leaving the year roco to have its lifextile, and fo every 400(6 year. The ExgHJh Nation, as all other States that withdrew theinfclvcs from under the Bifhop of Home 's ufurped Authority, before the faid year J582. except Holland and Zealand, obfcrvcfiill the antient account made by Julius Cafar, 43 years before the Birth of Chrilt; and is there¬ fore called the Old Stile, or Julian Account: the other obferved by thofc fill under the Ho- tnijb Yoke, iscallcd the A4® Stile, or Gregorian Account-, and is (by reafon of the aforefaid ten days taken away) ten days before ours, for the beginning of Months, and for all fixt Feflivals, but various for all moveable Fealis. Eaftr, and the other moveable Fcafts in Eng¬ land, are moftcertainly thus found- Sbrtnie-Tuej- day is always the firfl Tuefdaj after the firft New Moon after January, and the Sunday following is £uadrageftma, and the fixth Sunday after is Eafter djy, and the fif.h Sunday after E after is tygat'M Sunday ; 3 f ENGLAND. 5 9 StirMy, and the Tkurfiay following, bting forty days after the !{efurrcclm, is Afetnfon day ; Ten days after which, or fifty days after Eafter, is Ttnitcoji, or ivbii-fundiy, and theJuHijy follow¬ ing uTriniiy-Sunliy ; which Computation of the Church o( England, agrees with all the Eajkrn i Chii/tian Churches; for they and we find Eajler : by the Rules which were generally received by ' all chnftcndom, Ann, 53a. and ever fiucc, till i it was altered by the Rope, asaforclaid ; and that was, that Eafler-day fhould always be on the hi it Sunday after the fird Full Moon after t , r [lie j 1 of March, which was then the Vtrr.il Epiircx. Yet cannot it be denied, but that this ok: Computation is become erroneous: for by (ur Rules, two Eitltrs will be obferved in one vear, as in the year"i ^67, and not one Eafterin another year, as in i6?8, as this Author obfer- ved formerly in his Propofils to thcTarliamcnt, : concerning Englanis Wants. Hut torcduecall to the f me ordr, as it was a: the [Si:th of Chrid, that Co the Annunciation i or Conception of our Saviour, may beat th: I rami Equinox, his Nativity at the Winter Sol- 1 fiicc, and St. Join his l-orc-nmntr at theSum- ; mcr Soldicc, as it oucht to be, may cafily be etfeftcd , if His Majeily pleafed to c< mmand, that f:om this vear 1581. forward, there may be omitted 15 Leap-years: that is, let there be no more Din intercalares for the next fixty years to come, but that every year may confill ofyCy : days only, for thereby would the year be brought back juft n days, 11 hours, 6 minutes, and 8 fcconds: for the year confiding of jSy days, y hours, 49 minutes, and 1 6 fcconds, every fourth year potting in a whole day, or 14 hours, there is put in too much by 4i’minutcs, and f 1 '* condi,which bv 418 Leap-years now fince Cbrids D 5 Birth, do ■£1)0 l&efcnt State j Birth, have thrud back our year jull n days, ill hours, 6 minutes, a.,d 8 feconds. ' | Advent-Sunday hath a peculiar Rule, and if ahvay- the fourth Sunday b fore Ckrilimv.-diy or the ncarelt Sunda) to St. Andrew day, whe¬ ther before or aft.r. The year in England, according to the Cydn of the Sun and A loon, and according to Altai- tuci. f, begins on the bird of January, but tir Englijh Church and State begins the year from the day of Chriji's Incarnation, viz. on the 25b of Ahrch, uhkh is afo oblcrved in Spain-. ye: the Pertuguefe l as in divers Countries in Africa}, begin their year on the : 9 tiof Augufi, the f'er.c4 liars outlie lirli of March, according to thef-j: fad-, the Gredins on the longed day, as the old, JjJwwiiJdid on the fhortell day; which two laid hem to have mo!i reafon, as beginning juft a: j the Periodical day of the Suns return. ' The A T aturtl day confiding oft4 horns, isle- gun in England, according to the cv.dom of th: Egyptians anl antient Romans, at midnight, and counted by 11 hours to mid-day, and again b; it hours to next midnight: whereas in Itilj, £okm'j,rohr.d,an £!je i^cfcnt©tnte | Appeals to Rome in [unity EcdefiaUical Jnmj Eroxifons and Difpenfasions, on f.vcial cafes to! be pncireJ from thence ; many Tributes anil Taxes paid to that Bifhop, (3V. f It is a Monarchy free from all Interregnum an]. with it from many mifchicfi whercuntotlcdtivcf Kingdoms arc fubjcdl. England is Inch a Monarchy, as that, by the; ncceliary fubordinate concurrence of the Lords . and Commons in the making and repealing all' Statutes cr Adts of Parliament, it hath the main advantages of an Arjiiocracy, and of a Democracy, and yet free from ihedifadvantages and evils of cither. It is Pacha Monarchy, as by niofl admirable temperament affords very much to the MuHry, liberty, and Happinefs of the Subj.dl.and referves enough for the Majcfly and Prerogative of any King that will own his People as Subjcdls, not as Slaves. It is a Kingdom, that of all the Kingdoms of the World , ;s the mod like the Kingdom of Refits Ckrift, whole yoke is cafie, whofc burden is light. It is a Monarchy, that without Interruption hath been continued almofl 1000 ycais, (and till of late) without any attempt of change of that Government: fo that to this fort of Government, the Englijb feem to be naturally inclined , and therefore during the late Bouleverfations , ot overturnings, when all the Art that the Devil or Man could imagine was indullrioufly made ufc of to change this Monarchy into a Democracy, this Kingdom into a Commonwealth, the moll and the bcfl of Englijh Men, the general Spirit and Genius of the Nation, ( not fo much the Presbyterian or Royaliil) by mighty, though iuvifiblc, 65 Of ENGLAND. I viable, influcnc ! their exil'd S.-v I tient Governme concurred at once to reftorc ■cign, and rc-tftablifh that an- CHAP. IV. of the KJNG of ENGLAND, uni I tknin of His Name, Title , Arms, i Dominions, Patrimony , Revenue, j and Strength : Of His Perfon, Of 1 fee, Ptwer, Prerogative, Supre- \ maev, Sovereignty > Divinity , ^ | Pe//>e#. T HE KING is fo called from the Saxon word Zoning ,intimating Power and Know- hire, wherewith every Sovereign flrould espe¬ cially be inverted. , The Title anticntly of the Saxon King Edgar Title. | was, AncJorum Bapleus U Domims quatuor Mt- '! rim, viz. The BritiJI; German, hip, and Deiu- \ caleIonian Seat ; and Ibmctimes Anglorum Bafileai ] cmentmqiie J(egum, hfnlarum, Oceanique, Briun- '! niam circumjacent#, cunlhruinque Natmum qu£ j infra earn incluiuntur, Imferator & Pimm- 'I he Med; rn Title more modefi, is Dei Gra¬ tia, of F.rglard, Scotland, Prance, and Ireland, gdeq, Defender of '.he Paid'. The King is onlv Dei Graia limply, (i.e.) from the favour of none but God l and the Aichin- ihop and Biihops, to whom the Title is given. 66 Cfoe State mud un lerftand, Dei Gratia tf tiggis , or Dt Gratia voluntste Regis. Defender of the Faith, was anticntly ufcdb: the Kings of England , as appears by fever, Charters granted to the Univerfity of'Oxfori but in the year tyii. more affixt by a Bull fro: Pope Leo the Tenth, for a Book written b Henry the Eighth again!! Luther, in defence t l'omc points of the Romifh Religion ; but k continued by Aft of Parliament fordefencec the Antient, Catholick., and Apojiolical Faith. Prinwgenim Ecclefx belongs to the Kings tj; England, bccaufe their PredeccITbr Lucius vrt the firft King in the World that embraced Chii ftianity. Cbriflianijfnnus was by the Later an Council us dcr Pope Jtt lius the Second, conferred on tb Kings of England in the Fifth year of Henry tl Eighth, though before ufed by Henry the St venth, and fince only by the French King. The Title of Grace was firft given to the Kit about the time of Henry the Fourth; to Hen the Sixth , Excellent Grace ; to Edmrd tb Fourth, High and Mighty Prince ; to Henry tl Eighth, firft Highnefs, then Majejly; and no' Sacred Majejiy, after the cuftomcf the Eajhi Emperors, that ufed 'Ays'* it antcN. The King of England in his Publick Inftrt ments and Letters, ftilcs Himfclf Nos, We, i: the Plural Number. Before King John's tint: Kings ufed the Singular Number; which cuik i; ftill feen in the end of Writs, Tejle meift apudWejl. In fpcaking to the King is ufed often (bclik T our Majejl) Syr, from Cyr in the Greet Iv¬ an Abbreviation of fica©- and K.fj', Domiw much ufed to the Greek. Emperors; but Syr o: of ENGLAND. 6 1 bcmitie is now in England become the ordinary Lrd to all of better rank, even from the King o the Gentleman. It was anticntly in England liven to Lords, afterwards to Knights, and to Llcrgy-mm prefixt before theirChriilian names; Uw in that manner only to Baronets and Knigbts bf the Bilb , and Knights Betcnelors ; yet in fnnci tyr, or tyre, is referved only for their king- f About the time that oar Saviour lived on Earth, there was a Jewifh Seft, whofc Rtng- i lcr was one Judas of Galilee, mentioned i j. \j. that would not give this Title of or 'Vominut to any Man ; affirming that it proper only to God, and flood (not unlike new Fanaticks called Quakers) fo pervcrfly fuch Nominal Liberty, (being in other points :r Pbarifees ) that no Penalties could force m to give this Honorary Title to any Man, not to the Emperour; Vti viiere eft tfui if humV alios, fed toe obiter. trms are Enfigtis of Honour born in a Shield Arm. diilindiioa of Families, and dcfcendablc as editary to Poflerity; but were not fixed gc- ally in England nor France, till after the Wars he h’cl)-L'r.i , about 400 years ago, unlcfs fit were in the Kings of Europe. j The Saxon Kings before the Conqued bare tJkure a Croft form) between four Martlets Or. Afterwards the Danijh KJngs Reigning Hid, bare Or Semi de Harts Gules, 3 if fj»t Girdanl Jzure. After theConquefl, the Kings of Engl, qtw'o leopards , bora fi:fl by the Conq’ iDekc of Korminly, till the time of B -Second, who in right of his Mother, am 68 %])c ipjefcnt State Paternal Coat, the Lyon of Aqititain, which b.t of the the faincf Uhl, Metal, and Form witht! Leopards, from thenceforward they were joyc Jy Marlhallcd in one Skidd, and Blazoned 3 Lyt 1 as at prefent. King Edvard the Third, in right of his M: thcr, claiming the Crown of trace, with [| Arms of England quartered the Arms of Fw.; which then were y^i«re , Semi-timer-debts Or; afterwards changed to Three Flower- ; luces; whereupon Henry the Fifth of i'rglf caufed the Englijh Arms to be changed iikewii: King James upon the Union of England i{ Scotland, caufed the Arms of Frunce and Eirgh to be quartered with Scotland and Ireland, 1: arc thus blazoned. The King i f England beareth for his Soverei; L'nfgns Armorial, as followcth. In the full place Azure, 3 Flower-de-luces b 0 the BggalArms of France, quartered with ti Imperial Hnfigns of England, which ate Gi Three Lyons pajfar.t Gardant in Pale Or, In t! fecond place, within a double TreJJure count; fiowred de lit Or, a Lyon Rampant Gules, fort! Royal Arms of Scotland. In the third plat! Azure , an Irijb Harp Or, flringed Argent , f; the Royal Er.figns of Ireland. In the four, place, as in the firlt. All within the Garter, t: chief Enfign of that moif Honourable Orda above the fame an Helmet, anfwerablc to If Ma;cftits Sovereign ]uri(diifion ; upon thcfai a rich Mantle of Cloth of Gold doubled Em adorned with an Imperial Crown, and furmoa: ted for a (_ rcll by a Lyon TaJJant Gardant, Crom ei with the like •. fupported by a Lycn Pimps Gardant Or, Crowned as the former, and an V ttcirn Argent Gorged, with a Crown, thereto Chain afhxt, palling between his fore-legs. a “ of ENGLAND. -flex’d over his back Or; both (landing upon a lempartment placed underneath, amt in the :ablc of the Compartment His Majcftics Royal tlotto, Dieu C mon Droit, The Supporters ufed before the Union of Eng- jkJ and Scotland, were the Dragon and Ljon, The Arms off ranee placed firft, for that f rar.ee s the greater Kingdom, and bccaufe from the firft tearing, thofe flowers have been always Enfgns if a Kingdom; whereas the Arms of England vere originally of as aforefaid , and irobably bccaufe thrreby the French might be he more cafily induced to acknowledge the Er.g- if Title. The Motto upon the Garter, fToni foil qui mil penfe; that is, Shame be to him that evil thereof linked, was firft given by King Edward the ihird, the Founder of that Order ; and that lone might believe his defign therein was any rther than juft and honourable, he cauled thofe rords to be wrought in every Garter that he icliowcd; whereof more in the Chapter of the [nights of the Garter. The Motto, Dieu C? mon Droit, that is, God ni mj flight, was firft given by gf chard the Firft, o intimate, that the King of England holdeth his ■tnpirc nee in ValFallage of any Mortal Man, but if God only; and afterward taken up by Ed¬ vard the Third, when he firft claimed the King- lom of franco. The device of a rortcullit of a daftlc, yet to be icon in many places, was the iadge or Cognizance of the Seaufortt, Sons of b ohn Gaunt Duke of Lancttjler , bccaufe they fere bora at his Caftlc of Beaufort in France. 70 Clje l&efent State Dmiri- The antient Dominions of the Kings of £<; M , '' Uni, were firlt England, and all the Se ,n rout: abotit Great Britain and Ireland, and all the If: adjacent, even to the Stores of all the Neigi bouring Nations; and our Law faith, The A is of the Leigear.ee of the King, as well as tb Land ; and, as a mark thereof, all Ships off; feigners have antic itly demanded leave to Fit and pafs in thefe Seas; and do at this day low; their Toffaiis to all the Kings Ships of W'ar; a: ; therefore Children born upon thole Seas (as; fometimes hath liapncd) arc accounted natutf; born Subjects of the King of England, and net no Naturalization, as others born out ofH Dominions. To England, Henry thcFirfhnncxt Nomatl and Henry the Second Ireland , being llilcd ot Lord of Ireland, till 33# 8- although they is all Kingly Jurifdiftion before. Henry the Second alfo annext the Dukedo: of Guien and Anjou, the Counties of Poih Tourain, m&Mayir, Edward the Firlt all It'd: and Edward the Third the Right, though not c Pofldlion of all France. King fames added Scotland, and lince that ti: there have been fuper-added fundry confident Plantations in America■ The Dominions of the King of England, l at this day in polTdlion ( befidcs his juit Rif and Title to the Kingdom of France ) all lt\ land, Scotland and Ireland, three Kingdomsi large extent, with all the Ides about it, aboi Forty in number, finall and great, whereof for very considerable; and all the Seas adjacet Moreover, the Klands of ferfey, Guernsey, Alb nay, and dart., which arc parcel of the Dutd of Normandy, befidcs tliofc profitable Pla» ! OfENGLAND. 7I ; on s of Nero-England, Virginii, Bdrbtdoes.fa- \ M1 , floriii, Bermudas, N’evs-Nelberlands, ,ith fcveral other Ides and Places in thofe Quar¬ ts, and fomc in the Eajl-Indies, and upon the ioafi of /fried ; alfo upon the North-parts of \w.r\ci. by right offirli dilcovery to Efroitland, - ttti Corterialit, Newfound-land, and to Guiania n she South, the King of England hath a Legal tight, though not puffcilion. Kina William the Conquerour getting by right Patri- ,f CoV.tjueft, as fomc aflirm , all the Lands of monj. (except Lands belonging to the Church, oMonaltcrics and Religious Houfes) into his mn hands in Demefn, as Lawyers fpcak, Toon iciiowcd among his Sub;cfls a great part thcrc- if, reterving fomc Retribution of Rents, or Sor¬ ites, or both, to him and his Heirs Kings of . Itgl'and ; which Refervation is now, as it was xiorc the Conqueft, called the Tenure ofLands; he rellhc referved to himfclf in Demefn, called ; t rau K,egi< Dominica, Domains, and Sacra Pa- nmor.ii, Pudium Domini Regs', Diredum Domi * :ium, cajxi nullxs e# Author nif Deus ; all other ,ands in England being held now of fomc Supe- iour, depend mediately or immediately on the Crown ; but the Lands pofleft by the Crown icing held of none, can efebeat to none ; being iacrcd, cannot become Profane, are, or fhould ic permanent and inalienable. And yet they lave been (by Time, the Gift and Bounty of our (ir.gs, and Tome Ncccffities fortheprefervation jf the WealPublick) much alienated. How¬ ever, there is vet left, or was lately, almoft in every County of England, a Poreft, a Park., a Collie, or Royal Palace belonging to the King; and in divers Counties there arc many Porks. Co¬ pes, or Palaces and forejis, liiil belonging to ©fje l&cfcnt State 1 His MajcUy, for to receive and divert Himi when He fliall p'.cafc in His Royal Progrcflcs tcK vifitthefe pars: A Grandeur not to be parail Idl'd pcihaps by any King in the whole World! The c.rtain I{ev;r.ues of the Kings of Erghiis were anticntly greater than of any King in £i| rope, they c-joying in Domains and Fee-Fan® Rents, almi.ft ei ettgh to difeharge all the ord> jj naiyexpcnres if the Crown, without any Tail or Inipofl upon the Subjedt. t Upon the happy Rcflauration of our prefeejj King, the Lords and Commons alTcmblcdi:| Parliament, finding the Crown-Revenues mud | alienated, ar.d the Crown-Charges exceedingly inertafed, by rcafon of the late vaft AugmonJ , ration of ti c Revenues, and Strength by Sc£ and Land, of our two next Neighbour-Nation! abroad, and of the many Fadtions, Mutinous and Rebellious Spirits at home , did unanil moufiy conclude, that for the Peace ar.d Sccs-I rity, for the Wealth and Honour of the Kiel and Kingdom, it would be nccefiary to Settli upon His Majrfly a yearly Revenue of Twcltil hundred thoufand Pounds ; and accordingly! with the King’s confent, at the humble requdil of the Lords and Commons, there was Elht blithed by Impolls, upon Imported and Export! ed Goods, upon Liquors drank in Er.gltrA. anil upon Fire-Hearths, fo much as was judgcll would bring up the former impaired Crown- Revenues to the faid Sum. Notwithfianditf which, the whole yearly Revenues of the King] of ExqUni, arc not above the twelfth part of] the Revenues of his Kingdom ; whereas the King of -France hath yearly above One hundred and fifty Millions of lives ; that is / shove of ENGLAND. i Millions of Pounds Surling, and above 1 part of the whole Revenues of Frjr.ee. lie publick Revenues of the United Neiker- coming all out of the Subjefts Purfes, arc Seven Millions of Pounds Sierlir.g. his Revenue of rur King, be truly paid to ing, and brought into the King’s Exche- (that great Sea, whcrcinto lb many Ri- md Rivulets empty thcmfclves. and from :earc exhaled by the Sun, thofokind va- w herewith it watcrcth this whole Land, 'hereby all His Majeftics Land and Sca- s (by whofc vigilance we deep quietly in ■eds ) arc maintained ; ard whereby do the fevcral Courts of the King, and Royal y, (by which the Honor and fplcndor of iation is preferved ) the feveral Ambaffa- broad, Great Officers of the Crown, and s at home, lie.) If this Revenue be tru- . 1 , and brought into the Exchequer, it is that in all Europe there is no one Treafu- lat with lei's deceit, or lcfi, charge of Of- , proportionably, doth rc-imburfe the vas complained by Her. 4. of Ft me, Sue liters que fjifoyert les Orders de I'Ef- • mortoyent a f lus que ll 7 iille ; That the res of the Exchequer-Office exceeded the ic ; and that there were then Thirty and Officers to collcft and 'wait on the lues; whereas there cannot be any other i-mplaint in Engljrd, but only that the (ary Charges of the Crown , arc of late :at, that the King’s fctled Revenue cannot y them; and yet too many of his Sub- grudge to have thofc Revenues augment- aokingupon every littc payment through 74 ®Ije lucent state a Ato/ftng GUIs, Whereby it appears a great grievance, and never making life of thof- Pro¬ ffer: G/.#!, (Moral and Civil Science) where- bv they might fee afar off the Calamity that n! coming on like an armed Man, and cannot with- out enmity with him, was notorioufly known to the j World, and fufficicntly felt by our Neighbor- r Nations. What his Strength hath been fince, ■was never fully tryed by King Junes or Kmj King Chirks the Firft, their Parliaments and People , having upon all occaflons been rerra- ftory, and thwarting thof: good Kings defigns: but now, that the Parliaments of all the Three Kingdoms feem to vie, which {hall more readily comply with their Sovereigns Dclircs amu/e* of ENGLAND. it is not cafie to comprehend what mighty s His Ma jelly now Reigning, might attempt ffeft. But let him be considered abflradt- s King only of England , which is like a Fortrefs, orGarifonedTown, fenced, not with llrong Works, her Port-Towns, with e and deep Ditch the Sea, but guarded al- th excellent Out-works, the drongclt and uilt Ships of War in the World ; then fo lantly furnifh’d within with MenandHorfe, Victuals and Ammunition, with Clothes iloney , that if all the Potentates of Eu- hould confpire, (which God forbid) they hardly dillrefs it. Her home-bred Wires •.f.cient to maintain her , and nothing but her bred Wars enough to dejiro) her. is for the defenfivc Strength of the King r.glind ; now for his Offcnfive Puiffance. formidable mull he be to the World, when (hall underftand that the King of England liable, whenever he is willing, to raile of jh-Men, Two hundred thoufand, and of jh-Horfe, Fifty thoufand, (for fo many, du- [hc late Rebellion, were computed to be ms on both Ikies') yet (which is admira- ftarcc any miTs of them in any City, Town llagc > And when they (hail conlidcr, that -'a'iant and Martial Spirit of the Englijb, natural Agility of Body , their patience, fiefs, and llcdfallncfs is fuch, and their fear ath fo little, that no Neighbour-Nation, equal Number and Terms, I'carce durlf ever Battel with them, either at Sea , or at : Whcnthey (hall confider, that, for trail¬ ing of an Army, the King of England hath 7 6 €Ije Parent State P.out Etcli") Merchant Ships, little inferiour to Ships of War; that he can foon Man the fame w it): the bell Sea-Soldiers (.if not the bell Ma¬ riners ) in the whole World. And that for maintaining fuch a mighty Fleet,fuffitient Money fora rwipowit time may be railed only by a Land-Tax, and for a long time by a moderate g Excifc and that upon fuch Commodities only, | as naturally occaiion Exccfs or Luxury, Wan -1 tonnefs, Idlcnefs, Pride, or corruption of Man-[ In a word when they fliall confidcr, that by the moll commodious and advantageous Ctua-; tion of Erglar.i, the King thereof (if he be not f wanting to himfclf, or his Subjects wantingto him) mull be Mailer of the Sea, and that_ason Land, whofoever is Mailer of the field, is alfo laid to be Mailer of every Town, when it (hall plcafe him; fo lie that is Mailer of the Sea, may be (aid, in feme fort, to be Mailer ot every Country, at lead bordering upon the Sea, for he is at liberty to begin or end a War, where, when, and upon what terms he pleafeth, audio extend his Conquefts even to the Mipdis. Kjx Ar.g'.i.t ejl Perfai.t mixu cm Siariotc. UJ our Lawyers: He is a Prielt as well as a King. ! He is anointed with Oyl, as the Pr,eLs wort atfiril, and afterward the Kings ofto in¬ timate that his Perfon is Stent and Sftnttul: and therefore at the Coronation, hath put upon him a Sacerdotal Garment, called the Dalmatict, ex Colobim, and other Pricllly Veils; and be¬ fore the Reformation ofEitglar.il, when the Cop in the Lord’s Supper was denied to the Laity, the King, as a Spiritual Perfon, received in both kinds: He is capable of Sfinitial ot holding of T)ihcs, all Extra JV-'- feme Proxies, and other Spi: 'd' 51 -'' 1 of ENGLAND. long to the King, of which Lay-men, both by Common and Canon-Law, arc pronounced un- capablr. He is an F.xiernal Bifiopo f the Church as Confiantinc the Emperour laid of himfdf, Lya ■j fp «v.7ir yNature or Alliance hath mold intereft in the ■refervation of the L'fc and Authority of the ioo wi)t I'&efent State John Duke of Lane after, Guardian, or Regent of England. Abfence.] If the King be abfent upon any Foreign Exp;- ” dition, or otherwise, (which anticntly was ve¬ ry ulual) the cultom was to conllitutc a ring. rmbyCommiflion, under the great Seal, giving him fevcral Titles and Powers, according as the neceflity of affairs have required; fometimes lx hath been called Lord IVarden, or Lord .peeper of the Kingdom, and therewith hath had the gene¬ ral Power of a King, as was pradifed, during the abfence of Edward the Firli, Second, ati Third, and of Henry the Fifth: but Henry the Sixth, to the Title of Warden or Guardian,sA&d theStile of Protellor of the Kingdom, and of the Church of England, and gave him fogrcatPovvti in his abfence, that he was lanutm non Rex, fus¬ ing the Jeep ter, but not wearing tbe Crown; cl¬ eaning Law?, fummoning Parliaments under hi own Telle, as King, and giving his alfcnt to Bit in Parliament, whereby they became as binding as any other Ads, Sometimes during the King’s abfence, the Kingdom hath been committed to the care oft vcral Noblcmcr, and fometimes of Bilhops, ii 1. Is dangerous for attempting any llfurpatio: of the Crown: femetimes to one Bifhop, as Ht Port Archbifhop of Canterbury, was Vicc-RoyC England for many years; and when Edward tkt Third was in Flanders, though his Son then, bn nine years old, had the name of Protellor ; fih Stratford Archbifhop of Canterbury, wasGover r.ourboth of the Kino’s Son, and of the Realm fo King Henry the Firlf,during his abfence, (nliid was fometimes three or four years together) life ally conflitutcd Roger , that famous Bilhopo Salitkt) 101 ; Of ENGLAND. Sdiibury, foie Governor of the Realm, a Man excellently qualified for Government. Lalily, fometimes the Queen, as twofcvcral times during the abfcncc of Bent) the Eighth CHAP. VI: Tk gheen of England. T He Queen, fo called fiom'the Saxon /{_»• Name. mgit, whereof the lali Syllable is pro¬ nounced by Foreigners, as gbeen in Englijb, it king not unufual to cut olf the firll Syllables, asan Alms-houfe is fometimes called a Spital,.fcom Htfpitil, and Sunder from Alexander. She hath as high Prerogatives, Dignity, and State, during the life of the King, as any Queen of Europe. From the Saxon times the Queen Confort of Trercga- England.though fhe be an Alien born,and though five, during the life of the King, (he be feme Covert , (as our Law fpeaks) yet w ithout any Aft of Par¬ liament for Naturalization, or Letters Patents for Denization, ihc may purchafc Lands in Fee- Simple,mike Lcafes and Grants in her own Name without the King, hath power to give, to fue, to contraft, as a Feme-file n:ay receive by gift from herHusband, which no other Feme-Covert mav do. She may prefent, by her Self, to a Spiritual Benefice; and in a guare impedit , brought by kr, Plenarty by the prefentation of another. of ENGLAND. CHAP. VII. Of the Sons And Daughters of ENcr ' LAND. T Hc Children of the King of Enghr.d, arc called the Sons and Daughters of Erg- hr.i-, bccaufe all the Subjcdisof Erghnd have a fpccial intcrcll in them, though the whole power of Education, Marriage, and difpohr.g cl them, is only in the King. Theclddl Son of the King, is born Duke cf EUgl Cormil, and, as to that Dutchy, and all the sa. Lands, Honours, Rents, and great Revenues be¬ longing thereunto, lie is upon his Firth daypre- fumetC and by Law taken to be of full age, fo that he may that day fue for the Livery of the faitl Dukedom, and ought of right to obtain the feme, as if he had been full 11 years ofage._ Af¬ terwards he is created Prince of Wues, whole Ituftime is performed by the Impofition of a | Cjc of Eihie, anti Corom on his Head, as a I o- [ ker. of Principality, and putting into his hand a j Verge of Gold , the Emblem of Government, j and a King of Gold on his Finger to intimate, that lie mu (l be a Husband to his Country, and Father to b:r Children. Alio to him is given and granted Letters Patents, to hold the faid j Principality, to him and his Heirs, Kings of Erg- ] hod, bv which words, the reparation of this | Principality is for ever avoided: his Mantle which ! 1c wears in Parliament, is once more doubled, ! t,r hath one Guard more than a Dukes, and Ins Coronet of Cro/Jes and Flowsr-dc-lxces, and Ins 104 €lje t&cfent atiitc Since our prcfcnt King’s happy Rcllauratfe, it was lukmnlv ordered, that the Son and Hti: apparent of the Crown of England, dial] ufe an: hear his Coronet of C'ro/fes ami Flower-Jc-kta jvithonc Arch, and inthemidii a /W/andCVi as hath the Royal Diadem. That the Duke of Torly, and all the innncdiite Sons and Rrothia of the Kings of England, fhall iilc and bean tlr.i: Coronets, compolcd of Crofjes and Ehvar-u. Ecu only, but all their Sons rcTpeftivdy, havir: the Title of Dukes, (hall bear and ufe lush Co'- ronets, as other Dukes, v.ho arc not of t;.: Ej-yal lami y. From t' c day of his Uirth, h-e is common!; (tiled the Prince, aTi'Ach England given ton oil erSubjefd. The Title of Prince of H'alest ancient, and was fiilr given by King Edwardik F.ili, to his cldell Son ; for the u'iljb Nation till that time, unwilling to fubmic to the Yokt of llrangcrs, that King fo ordered, that Li Cii'ctn was delivered of her firll Child in Ca«■ naroan-Cajllc in inks, am! then demanded c; the llc.’J!;, as force affirm, If thy m-ul.i bt cos- tir.t to fubjid tkemfelves to one of their nvn llut couldr.ot fpeak_or,e vror.t of Engliih, andagtif vi-E hfe thy could take r.o fuflexcefthn. U here- n to they readily conlentir.g, the KingNorci:"- led this his new-born Son, and aftcrwardscrci- tedl-irnPiinceofU'a/ej, and bellowed on hand me 1 ands, Honours, and Revenues, bcloneiE to the Lid Principality. The Trircc Lath ever (incc been filed Print: c, f Mies, Duke of Afaitair, and Ccrmsal , art hurl cf Ck-.ftsr and Hint, winch Earldoms an always conferred upon him bv Letters Patent. Mnee the Union of England and Scotland, l-i> Of ENGLAND. Title liath been Magne Britannic Princeps, but more ordinarily the Prince of Wales. As cldcli Son to the King pi Scotland, he is Duke afPoth- fjy, and Scnelchal of Scotland from his birth. The King.of .E>ig/.<«( , s cldcft Son (fo long as Kormndj remain’d in their hands) was always (lilcd Duke of Normandy. Anticntlythc Princes Arms of Wales, whilft they were Sovereigns, bear quarterly Gules, and Or, four Lyons pajjant gar dint countercharged. The Arms of the Prince of Wales at this day', diikr from tliofe of the King, only by addition of a Label , of three Points, charged with nine Trneaux, and the Device of the Prince is a Co¬ met, beautified with three Ojtrich Feathers, in- {bribed with Jchdien, which, in the German, or old Saxon Tongue, is, 1 ferve, alluding, per¬ haps, to that in the Gofp.-I, Tlx Heir whiljl hit father lhetb, differeth not from a Sonant. This Device was born at the Battel of CreJJy, by John King of Bohemia, ferving thereunder the Freed King, and there {lain by Edward the Black. Prince, finceworn by the Princes of Wales, afid by the vulgar called the Princes Arms, The Prince, in our I.aw,is reputed as the famt perfon with the King, and fo dqflarcd by a Sta¬ tute of Henry the Eighth, Contf&t cnim Princep. (fay our Lawyers) Ifadiir J{egir Patris ftti , C cetfetur una perfona cum ipfo, And the Civilliao: fay, the King's cl.lcll Son may be liiled a King He hath certain priviledgcs’abovc other per ■ To imagine the death of the Prince, fo vio late tlie Wife cf the Prince, is made HishTrca io6' coherent state Hath therefore had priviledge of having j J'urve)or, and taking rureejance as the King '' To retain and qualitie as many Chaplains ash: {hall pleafe. To the Prince, at the age of it, was a ter. tain Aid of Money from all the Kings Tenants, and all that held of him in Capite, by IQ^hs- Service, and tree- Socage, to makchim a Knight, Vet as the Prince in Nature is a diftindt te ion from the King ; lb in Law alio, in fontt Cans he is a iubjeft, hcldeth his Principali- tier and Scipnorics of theKing, giveth the fan: nipeft to the King, as other Subjects do. The Revenues belonging to the Prince, lint: much of the Lands and Dcmcii.s of that Dud; have been alienated, arc efpecially out ofth: Tinn-Mim in Ccrr.rval . which with all othfi Profits of that .£>«/’;, amount yearly to theta Tiie Revenues of the Principality of it's!:: furvey’d three hundred years ago, was abort 4 w.rj'l. yearly; a rich Eftatc, according toth: value of Money in thofc days. At prclent his whole Revenues may amout: to ?b..ut :oooo /. Till the Prince come to be 14 years old,sf things belonging to the Principality of Ml; were wont to be-difpofcd of by Commidioners confiding of fome principal Pei tons of the Clcr- gy and • obility. Cadet:, The Cadets, or younger Sons of England, art created (not born) Dukes or Earls, of whl! Places or Titles the King plcalcth. T hey have no certain Appanages, as in F taut, but only what the good plcafurc of tlie King bt 1 Rows upon them. Ail of ENGLAND. All the King’s Sons arc Corftliuii niii, by Birth-right, Councilors of State, that fo they may grow up in the weighty adairs of the King¬ dom. The Daughters of England arc Riled Prin- ceflcs, the deleft ofwhich hadan/h'd, or certain Rate of Money paid by every Tenant in Capite, Xjigits-Service and Socage, towards her Dow¬ ry or Marriage-Portion ; and to violate her un¬ married,-ft High-Treafon at this day. To all the King’s Children b along the Title of Xopl Highnefs ; all Subjcdls arc to be uncovered in their pretence, to kneel when they are ad¬ mitted to kifs their hands, and, at Table, they arc (out of tie JQng's prefence) ferved on the Sjtte, The Children, theBrothet^nd Sifters of the King, if Plaintiffs, the Summons in the Procefs need not have the folcmnity of ij days, as in cafe of other Subjefts. All the King’s Sons, Grandfons, Brothers, Uncles, and Nephews of theKing, are, by Star. 31 Hen. S. to precede others in Erg'and: It is true, the word Cranifon is not there in terminii, but is underftood, as Sir EdmrdCcke holds, by Neptew, which in I.Mne being tiepos, fignihe; alfo, and chiefly, a Granifen, The Natural, or illegitimate Sons and Daugh¬ ters of the King, after they are acknowledged by the King, have had here, as in fiance, pic- cedcnce of all the Nobles, under thole of the Ehsd l(ojal. . They bear .what Surname the King pleafeth to five them, and for Arms, the Arms of Enghrd, with a Batson, or a Border Gohionne , or feme other maik of Iilcgitimation. Some Kings of England have acknowledged many, and had more illegitimate Sons and Daughters. King 10 7 io8 Zi)t parent state King Henry the firft had no fewer than Sit- teen illegitimate Children. Henry the Eighth, amongft others, had oneby Eliziletb Blount, named Henry Fitzroy, created by him Duke of Somerfet and Richmond Earl of Noitir.gbim, and Lord High Admiral of Enghtl, Ireland, and Aquitiin. CHAP. VIII. Of the prefent JyfYG of England, and therein of Hit Name, Sir- name, Genealogy, Birth, Baptifa Court, Education, Refanratioa, Marriage, 8cc. II-me. '# 'He King now Reigning, is CIIJRJ.ES thi JL Second of that Name, His Name of Bap- tifm, Chirks, in the Gerrnn Tongue, dignifies one of a Mifculir.e (Irength or Virtue. Sirnimc. ThcRoyal, and alfo the moil Princely and an- tient Families of Europe, at this day, have pro¬ perly no Sirnimes ; for neither is Bourbon the Sirname, but the Title of the Royal Family of lr.tr.ee, nor Aujlrii of Spin, nor Slum of Brg- Uni, fincc the coming in of King fames, nor Tit- oiorc, oi Tudor, For his five immediate Ancdfori in Engird-, nor Plantigenet, for eleven Succef- fens before, asfomc vainly think: for although feofrey Duke of Anjou, was Surnamcd Plaxtigt- net, from a Brcom-ftalk_ commonly worn in his Bonnet, yethisSon, Henry the Second, Kingofj Engird, was Surnamed Eitz-Emprefs, and bis of England. w 9 Soh Bjchard, Cm de Lyon. So omen, Grand- father to King Henry the Seventh, was apMeri- r ditl>, and lie ip Theodore, pronounced fyder, Sir- names being then but little in uleamongft the ' Cambro-Britains. So Wiher, Father to Rolen, King of Scotland, from whom our prefent King is defeended, was, only by Office, Grind Senef- ekl, or High Steward, or Stuart of Scotland ; though of later times, by a long vulgar errour, it hath lb prevailed, that it is accounted the Sir- name of many Families, defeended from him. Steward is a Contraction from the Saxon word Stedewari-, that is, in Lame, locum tenens; in Stench, Lieutenat, becaufe the Lord High- Steward was l{egu locum tenens, a Name notun- lit for any King, who is Dei locum tenen’, God’s Stuart, or Lieutenant, or Vicj^prent upon Earth. Our Sovereign Lord the King now Reigning, Geneala - is Son to KingCta-Ier the Martyr, and the Prin- gi iS . cfs Henrietta Maria , Daughter of King Henry the Great, of France; from which two Royal Stocks, h; hath in his Veins,fome of all the Royal Blood of Europe concentred. Is defeended lineally and lawfully from the Britijb, Saxon, Danijh, Norman, and Scotijb Kings and Princes of this Ifland. From the firlt Britijb Kings, the 139th Mo¬ narch ; from the Scotip, in a continued fuccef- lion, foralmoft 1000 years, the ro^th; from the Saxon, the 36th; and ffiom the tirft of the Norman Line thcifith King. So that for Royal Extraftion, and long Line of juft defeent, His Majclly now Reigning-excels all theMonarohs of all the Chritfian, if not of the whole World. Is the firft Prince of Great Britain fo born, and hath in poffeffion larger Dominions than any of His Anccllors. no Birth. Siptifm, Court. F.ditc Hi- fcljel&ercnt State He was born the 29th of May ifljo, at th Royal Palace of St. fames's, over which Houfc, the fame day at Noon, was, by thoufands, feeni Star, and foon after, the Sun fulTcrcd an Eclipfc- a lad prefage , as fome then divined , that this Prince’s Power (hoiild, for fome time, be cclip. led, as it hath been ; mid fome Subjcdl, figniiied hya Star, fhould have extraordinary fplentlor. WasChriilened the27 of Jwc following, bj the then Bifhop of London, Dodlor Lend. Had for his Godfathers, his two Uncles, Lent the 13th, King of Frer.ee, and Frederis, Print: Palatine of the RJiine, then called King of Beit- mil, reprefented by the Duke of Richmond, ad Marquis Hamilton ; his Godmother being hii Grandmother, then Queen-Mother'of Buret, reprefented by th||)utchcls of Richmond. Had for Governs, A/ary Counters of Doth, Wife to Edward tarl of Derfet. In flfy 1 CjS, he was M Knighted, and immediately after h: was made Knight of the Garter, and inliallcda; Windsor. About this time, by Order, not Creation, he was tirft called Prince of Wales, and had all the Profits of tiiat Principality , and divers other Lands annexed, and Earldom of Chefter grant¬ ed unto him, and held his Court apart from the King. At the age of Eight, he had for Governor th: late Earl .afterwards Marquifs,and Dukcof Nen>- cajile, and after him, the late Earl of Berkshire', and for Tutor,or Preceptor, Dodtor Vuppa, then Dean of Chrift-Ckurch, after Bilhop of Saliibur), and lately of iVinchejkr. At the age of 15, was with the King his Fa¬ ther, at the Battle of Fdgehiil, and. [bon after at Oxford, was committed to the care of the Matquifs of Hertford. About Of ENG LAN D. About 14 years old was in the Head of an Army in the Weft of EngUml. At the age of 15 a Marriage was propofed 1,.tween him, ami the Elded Daughter of the ],ina of Portugal, the Inf mu foama iince dc~ ccafcd. Two years after, was, from Corxml, trar.f- ported tothcldc of Sally, and after to ferfey, and thence to hisRoyal Mother to St. Cer;:uins near Pirif. In 164S" wasat Sea with (omc-N'aval Forces, endeavouring to refeue the King his Father, then in the lfle of Wight, out of the wicked hands of liis Rebellious Subjects. Not many months af¬ ter, upon the fad news of the Horrid Murther of his Royal Father, he was, in Holland, firfi faluted King, and foun after Proclaimed infrer- ihni, being not yet 19 years of age. ’■ At the age of :o, from Holland h.c landed in \scolUni, fur.: if50, and in famury following j was Crowned at Scoon. i The third of September ifs 1, fought the Bat- ltd of t Vorce/ler, whence, after the unfortunate llofsof h!S whole Army, wandring in difguilc: f about £)#/.<»-for Six Weeks, and moftwondcr- 3 fully preierved, be was, at length, tranfportec! J from a Creek near Shown in Suffix, to Fivcatu j near Havre de Cnee in France; m which King¬ dom, with hisRoyal Brothers, and divers Er.~ jg/i/i Nobility, Clergy, and Gentry, he was, for fame years, received and treated as King of Eng- find, and, by his Mediations and Intcrclt with • the Prince of Cotide, and the Duke of Lttrah, then in the Head of two great and mighty Ar¬ mies againft the French King, quenched the then r.c»ly kindled Fires of agreatanduniverfal Re¬ bellion againll him, much refembiing that of Ireland; "and was a means of retailing the then , fled %\)z defeat S'tntc fled and banifhed Cardinal Mizirkt ; After which, in Gamin), Flinders, Spin , :9c. p; palled the refiduc of his time in the Studies aid Excrcife m..ft befitting a Prince : in follicitirg thcAidofChrillianPiinccs, and in arivijTnganJ vigoroufly promoting the uveral attempts of his Friends in Fnghnd, until the ycaj; idfiot a: which time, being at BruJJhls, within the Spa- r.ifhTerritories, and perceiving a general incli¬ nation, anddilpolition of all to receive him, lie providently removed Inmfelf to Zrd; within the Dominions of the 'United Keth-r- Jir.ds, in the Month of/fr//, thence, in Mi), t; the Hague ; fiom whence, after a Magnifies:: Entertainment, and an humble invitation b; EngliiTiCommillioncrs, fentfromthc then Cor.- vention nv.'efhnkfler, he embaikt it Sche-eeik thcijof Mi) i (Co, andwith a gallant Engiilb Fleet, and a gentle gale of Wind, landed th: 25 a : Dover, and on th.c :9th following, hei;: his Birth-day, and th.cn juft ;o years of age, t: entred into London, was there received will thegrcatclianti mo!l univcrlal Icy, Acclamaii- ons, and Magnificence that could pofiibiyb.-ci- prcli in fo fhert warning. Oil ti.c firft of yur.e following ■ I Id KipPi fate in Parliament, and on the 22 of /'pH rode in triumph from tic Twer to Wejtmir.b, on the next day, being St- C-.orga, was Crown¬ ed with great Ceremony. On the 28 of Mi) following, declared toll: Parliament his Intention to Many the JrfirM of J’ortugii, who, accord’ngly in Mi) 1 (61, be¬ ing Landed at Ftrtfmutk, w> there cfpoall-d tJ the King, by D'.Ci.lnrt FH.f0211i.cn Bdhopo: I.or.i n, who was afterward Archhdbop tf Or- of ENGLAND. 113 His Majcfiies life hath been fuil of wonders, but tl'.rcc paflagcs cfpccially feem miraculous. Firft, at his Birth a bright Star was Iccn over Him at Noon-day, by many thoufands. Secomi- lv, Ins cl'cape in, and after the Battel of: Vorct- ifer, when being in the very heart of Eng! mi, lorliihui by all, a fum of Monty, by pubhck Aft, prumihd to thofe that fiioulddifeover him, and poiislty of High-Trearon to any one that fhoul.l conceal him ; when be was feen and known to nu -y perfans, ofall forts and conditions, where¬ of divers were very indigent, and Ibvcryfubjcft to be tempted with the propofed Reward, and divers of the Female Sex, and fo mofl unapt to retain a Secret; when he was necciTitatcd to wait fo many weeks, ai.d appear in fo many places and companies, before a fit opportunity of Tranfportation could be found. Thirdly, His Majelties Reparation, (quipfe hr.pjftbilefuit Fi¬ lm tot Vrecuiwum, Tot Licrpiurum, Gf tot Mi- ruukrtttn ftriitfe ) that after io many years dif- pofleflion, his mod inveterate, potent, fubtile enemies, in full anti quiet poileilion, on a Rid¬ den, the defire of him, iliould, like Lightning, ora mighty Torrent, run over all Enghxi in fuch a manner, that he I'hould be folcmr.ly invited, magnificently conduced , triumphamiy rccci- u,i. without Blood, Blows, Bargain, or Obii- |{#ion to any foreign Prince or Potentate. \ Tim rt.k tit Lords doing, and imtfl for ever bt \rurs;l oas (form, and barbarous tierce purfuit of tit Ergiijb Rebels at Sea, flic landed at Burlingu Bay, with Men, Money, and Ammunition, art foon after with a cor.fidcrable Army met tt< King at Edge'Hill, and thence was condudtcdis Oxford. In April rtf 44. marching with competent For¬ ces from Oxford, towards Exeter , at Abbitg la took her lait farcwcl of the King, whom flier.;- In July following, embark’d at TeniemB-Ct. (Ik, (be failed into Erxr.ee, where, enter raise at the charges of her Nephew tiic preRnt Kit! ofEranee, flic pa!Tcd a folitary retired life, uttl the month of-vJobcr 1 tftfo. when upon theRc- frauration of her Son to the Crown of Engltd, (be came to London, and having fctled her Re venues here, (be went again with her young:! Daughter the Lady Henrietta into France, to lei ENGLAND. up CHAP. XI. Of the prefent Princes, and Prin- celTes of the Blood . ■"pHe firft Prince of the Blood (in France cal- led Alonjieur J,ins queve) is the moll mu¬ tinous Prince firms Duke of Tort, Second Son :o King Chirks the Martyr, and only Brother to :i,c prtlcnt King our Sovereign. He was Born Otdob. 14. 1635. and forthwith Proclaimed at the Court Gates Duke of Tor,-, :lic :.tth of the fame month was Baptized, and towards committed to the Government of the den Counted of Dorjet, The 17 of finuary 1643. at Oxford was Crea¬ ted by Letters Faten'.s Duke of Torl^ (though tailed Yo by fpccral Command from his Birth ) without thofc Solemnities (the Iniquity of the times not admitting thereof) that were ufed to the King his Father itfoy, when being fccond SontoKingJrfWM, and fo Duke of Albiny\nScn- Isr.i, was created Duke of 7 ork_, with the pre¬ ceding folcmn Creation of divers young Noble- m 11, to be Knights of the Sitb, and the Robes of State put upon him, the Cap of State on his ilea:', and the Golden Rod into his hand, the [lit Prime Nobility, and the Heralds adilling at that Ceremony. Afer the furrcnderof0x/W,hisRoyal High- rcls was in 1646, conveyed to Lotion by f he then prevailing difloyal part of the two Houles of Parliament, ami committed, with his Brother Gkcrjhr, and Sifter EHztbetb , to the care of ‘the Karl of SonhumberlMd. hi it 4S. aged about 11, was, by Colonel Emp- fdd; Cfjc Pjefen.t State field, conveyed in a Difguifc, or Habit cf aGiti beyond Sea, firil to his Siller,the Princcfs Royf cf Orange in Holland, and after ward to the Quea his Mother, then at VarU, where lie was cart, fully educated in the Religion of the Churche England , and in all EXercifcs meet for iach; Prince. About the age of eo in Vrar.ce, went into tl: Campagne, and ferved with much Gallantry,ur, der that Great Commander, the then Protdk Mirefcb.il de Turennc, for the French King, rgtirc the Spanijh Forces in Flanders, Notwithlhndirg which , upon a Treaty be tween the Vrenih King, and Cromwel, in i6p being obliged with ail his Retinue to leaved French Dominions, and invited into FlarJ.ersb Don fuin of Aufirii, he there ferved un Dr hi: againikhc French King, then Leagued with fa Eng'.ijh Rebels again!! Spain, where his Maga nimity, and Dexterity in March! Affairs (th.il- unfuccclsful i were very eminent. In the year 16S0, came over with the Kq into England, and being Lord High Admiral, i the year iert, and Godmothers the DutchcfTcs of Buckingham and Ormond. Up. on the 4th of November 1677. (he was married to WiMm of Najfam, Prince of Orange, by Dr. Henry Compton, now Bilhop of London, and Bro¬ ther to the Earl of Morthampton. And Second¬ ly, the Lady Ann, born in Edit. \66^. whofe Godfather was Gilbert Lord Archbifhop of Can¬ terbury, her Godmothers were the young Lady Mar) her Siiicr, and the Dutchcfs of Monmouth. She teas for her health, tranfported into France, where (he made no long (lay, and is now gone to pay her duty to their Royal HighncITcsat E- itnhtrgh in Scotland. Thirdly, the Lady Carhe- rite, horn the 19th of February \6yo. fmee dc- ceafcd, whofe Godmothers were the Queen, and the Marchioncfs of tVorcefler, and the Godfather the Prince of Orange, then in England. Her Royal Highnefs Ann, Dutchcfs of Fork., died at Jr. James’s April $t. t6yi. In Kcvemb. i6yy. his Royal Highnefs was fc- tor.dly married, by Dr. Nathaniel Crew, Lord Bi¬ lhop of Durham, and Son to the Lord Crew, to '■ojtpha-Mariad'Ejle, Siiicr to theprefent Duke of Modena, (and Daughter of Laura Martir.ozza, the now Dutchefs Dowager) by whom he hath hadIflue two Daughters, the firft born Jan.to, tin. and Chrillncd by the Name of Catherine Dura, his Grace the Duke of Monmouth being Godfather , and the Lady Mary and the Lady Mat the Godmothers. She dic-d at .Tr. James's, beet. Lite third, The fecond was born Mg.iS, iOj(., anJ Chrillncd by the name of C&c p.efcttt State Jfihili, by Dr. fahn North , Snn to the Lofj tfortb, the Earl of Dar.by Lord High Trcafurti being Godfather, and the Dutchefs of Momiti and Countcfs of Peterborough Godmothers, as is lately dead. His Royal Highnets in March 1^75. byOrd; of the King retired with his Family to Brag ardin November 16-$. to Edinburgh in* Und. The Titles of his Royal Highncfs arc, Del of Ter it and Albany , Earl of Vlfier, late lo: High Admiral of England, Ireland, and allft reign Plantations, Conllafcle of Dover- Call! Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports , Governs oF Portsmouth, &c, and at this prefent LordHij Commiffioner of Scotland, 124 Cue pjefcnt State Of the Primfs Henrietta. T Hc next Heir (after the afore-mentione; to the Englifh Crown, was the Princt; jjenrietu, youngeft Sifter to the prefent King: bhe was born the i<5of Jane at Exn; during the heat of the lace Rebellion; after t; Surrender of Exeter, conveyed to Oxford, 2: thence to London-, whence, withhcrG: vernefs the Lady Dalkeith, (he elcapcdii: fruce was there Educated, as became her hr Birth and Quality; but being left wholly toil care and maintenance of the Queen her Molls at Ttrit, embraced thcJ^omiJh Religion. At the age of i € years, came with the Qiits Mother into England, and fix months after turning into lrtr.ee, was married to the c. Brother of the French King, the Illuflrious Prd Thiliv, then Duke of ylnjou, fill the dcathof.l Unde, and now Duke of Orleans. whofe Rrc >iuc is ijooco I-ivers Tomnois, bcfidcs liis tanage not yet fctled. Her Portion was 4 cooo/ Sterling, her Jor ♦urc was to be the fame niththeprelcnt Dutff Dowager of Orleans. This Prir.ccfs left i.Tnc two Daughters, ^ was ufually (filed Madam only, as being theL: Lady in France : (he died fuddcnly in $mad- a Pr vy Ci.unfcdlor in iff;. and in 1 6(6, bci-g joy,'.’d A’imiral with the Dak: of Albemarle, firf attackt the w hoi Dutch Fleet w ith his Squadron, in:uch a bold refolutc way, that lie p.itthcErt- n;y foon to flight. He enjoys a Pcnlion fro m HisMa'efly of-;o:ol, per and the Government of the Cafilcc W'irJjor. After Prince Eufert, the next Heirs to tit: Crown of England , arc three French Lalin Daughters of Prince Edward, lately detcafei, who was a yoirger Son of the Queen of Sib mil, wliofe Widow, the Pi ncclh Dowager, Hi¬ ther to the laid three Ladies, is Siller to the la:: Queen of Poland, Daughter and Co-heir toil: hit Duke of Devers in Fnr.ee : amongH whit; three Daughters, there is a Revenue of abet: r :ooo /. Sterling a year. The El.ieil of t'nclc is Married to the Dill-: d'Enguen, tilled Son to the Prince of Cor.k The Second is Married to film Frederick_. Dak »;f Erurlwick. and Lunenburg , at Hanover. After thefe, is the Princefs Elizabeth, chit.: Sifter living to the Prince Eleflor Palatine. bet: the 16 of December if IS. unmarried, and livir.i in Germany, is Abbefs of Hervtrien, but of if: Protcilant Religion. The next is another Sifter, called the Prin- cefs Lovifa, bred up at th c/Jtgtie with the Quee: her Mi ther, in the Religion of the Church c: England, at length embracing the Romijh Reli¬ gion, of ENGLAND. gion, is now Lady Abbcfs of Mtubuijfon at Pm- thoife, not far from Pam. Lafl of all is the Princefs Sophia, youngcff Daughter to the Queen of Bohemia, born at the Hague, 13 Otlob. 1C30. and in 1658. Wedded tpiracy? Augufte, Duke of Brur.faick. and Lu¬ nenburg, Bifhop of Ofnaburgh, by whom flic hath three Sons and a Daughter. Of thefe three PrinccITcs, it is laid, the Firfl is the moil Learned, the Second the greateft Ar- ti(i, and the Lad, one of the bed Addrcfs, and the moil Accompiiiht Ladies in Europe, P 5 ii) CHAP, €!je parent State «3° .CHAP. XII. Of the Great Officers of the Crown, ■VTExtto the King, and Princes of the Bipod, j.\j are reckoned the^reet Officers of the Crm, whereof there arc Nine, viz- The lord Higi Steward of England, the Lord High Chimin, the Lord High Treafttrer, Lord Prefiient of the LQngs Council , the Lord Privy Seal, the M Great Chamberlain, the Lori High Conjjahle,tU Earl Mtrfbal, and the Lord High admiral. High The Fir/} Great Officer of the Crown, accort Steward.' t0 tiic account of our Anctftors, was tit Lori High Steward of Englar.i, or I'iceroy, for fo the word Steward imports, in the Saxtt Tongue, from Stede and Ward, Locum tenens, is frcnch~,' Liehtenant ~ til'd was'the fame Office with the lyeicts Hrcfet, that is Pggni vice tyx in Sweden, and the Stadiholder in Demark., who is alfo called I'iceroy, or Lieutenant du Hoy. Oar CommonLawycrs liilc him, Magnus Anglia Sh , xefchaBxs, of Sen. in Saxcn, ’ffiuflice, aildJcfafi, a Governor or Officer. He was anciently the Highcft Officer lirdct the King, ard his Power-fo exorbitant, that it was thought lit not longer to trull it in the hands of any Subjedt j for his Office wa', Sttfervideti regulate fub I{ege C> immediate feft J(egem, (as an antient Record (peaks) Town \egmm Anglia Cl omnes minijlros Legum infra idem Hggnum tea- pribus pcit guermttm. Tic (if ENGLAND, , The lad that had a State of Inheritance in this HighO/lrcc, vitef/cti'y onJu!Iixbroo\, (Son and Heir to the Cicat Duke of Lincajler, John of Gim) afteri\areisKingiif England ; fince which- tune, they have been made only pro hac vice-, to officiate cjtlur at a Coronation, by virtue of which Ofacc, hcfictcth'J&dicially, and keepeth hisCourtatthe'King’sPalacchttFirtm/MfJe^and .there rcceivctli the Bills and Petitions of all fnch •Noblemen and others, who; by rcafon of their Tenure, or otherwife claim to do Services at the King’s Coronation, and to receive the Fees • 'and Allowances due and accuftomed; as lately at the Coronation ofKing Charles the Second, the Duke of Ormond wasmadc for that occalion Lori High Steward of England, and '(marching imme- dnteJy before the King, abovcall other Officers ct the Crown ) bore in his.hands St. Edwards Crem; or Fife forthe Arraignment offomc Peer orthc Realm, their Wives or Widows, for Trea- fon or Felony, or fume other great Crime, to Judge and give Sentence, as the antient High Stewards were wont-to do; which ended; ids CoinmiOion expireth r fo at the late Arraign¬ ment of the Far! of Pembroke, the iir.efcntLord High Chancellor of England , i/er.eage Kiri cf Xeuirgbam, Baron of Diver,try, was made Lord High Steward, proillavice: during which Trial, he (itteth under a Cloth of Hilate, ami they that rpeak to him fay. May it pleafe your Grace, ny. lord High Stemrd of England. His Commifliou is to proceed Secundum Legem, Cenfuetudinen Atglix. He is foie Judge, yet dotli call all the’ Twelve Judges of the Land to aflill him. lj nor hvoni, nor the Lords, who are the Tryers c, i32 w^eftnt State During his Stcwardfliip, he bears a "Whif: Staff in his hand, and the Tryal being over, openly breaks it, and fo h.s Office takes an cud, Lord Next the Lord High Chancellor, Summits Ci «. Chinee!-] esUtrim, To called, bccaufe all Patents, Cernmif- lor, ' f or,s, Warrants, coming from the King,and per- ufedbyhim, arc Signed, if well; or cancelled, if amils: or die, bccaufe anticntly he fate inn cancellos , that is, fuch a partition as iifually now feparates the Chmch from the Chancel. Vi-nitt, Kc ' s after t ' ie King 3IK 1 Princes of the Elocd, 6 ' ' in Civil affairs, (there being row no Lord High Stewat.l the highlit Perfon in the Kingdom, a-the Archbifhcp of Canterbury is in Ecclcfiaiii- cal affairs. °$ a ’ His Office is to keep the King's Great Seal, to Judge, not recording to the Common Law, 3 other Civil Courts do, but to moderate then- poor of the Laiv, and to Judge according to E- tjuity. Conlci.ncc-, or Reafon; To b»ltow all ■ F.c hfinlti: al Benefices in the King’s Gift, under io l. yearly in the King’s Books, and forth! ami o’her ceufes, he was ever, till of late years - a Clergy man. Oath, HisOathisrodo ri Hit to:til manner of Peo¬ ple, Poor and Rich, afn r the Laws ard Cuflonis <;f the Realm, and truly counfcl the King ; to keep Secret the King’s Conr.fel, nor fuffierfj far as he may, that the Rights of the Crown be no: din inifbr, isc. From the time rfHntry tho fccoml.tlic Chan- celkitsof England have been ordi-arilv made of Rifiiops, or other Clergy-men learn:d in tie Civii Lao,, till Henry the Eighth made Uan- ccikr of ENGLAND. i 33 i cdlor firft Sir Thomu Moor, and after him Tho- j hi.h Auieley. After whom alfo was made Lord Chancellor Sir ffichard ffich Kr.ight, Lord Rjcb "\ (a common Lawyer) who had been firft the 1 Laid Kings Solicitor, and afterwards Chancellor I of his Court of Augmentation , from whom is ! d-lc ndtd the prclcnt Earl of Warwick., and the ; Earl of Holland, fincc which time there have I been fome Kifliops, but mod common Lawyers. This High Office is in France durante vita, but here is hr ante beneplacito ffegii. The Salary from the King is 848 1 . per annum, Salary. and when the Star-Chamber was up, 200 l. per - ium more for his Attendance there. The Lord Chancellor and the Lord Keeper are Creation. ■ the ‘ame in Authority, Power, and Precedence, yet they differ in patent, in Heigthand Favour of the King ; they arc created per Traditionem ,ngr.i Sigilli fihi per Dominum Fggem, and by ta¬ king an Oath, only the Lord Chancellor hath be- (idci a Patent. This Great Seal is at prefent ir. the cufiody of a Lord Chancellor, whoistfowge Earl of Not- ti.qbam, Baron of Daventry, advanced by His ■ Maicily to that High Office, (in the place of the Ear! of Shafisbury , late Lord High Chancellor ((England) for his eminent Abilities and good Services, performed in the difeharge of the pla¬ tes nf hnrh Soilicitor and Attorney-General. The third Great Officer of the Crown, L the Lord LotWirbTteafuten rf England, who receives this Treasurer Hffih Office bv delivery of a White Staff to him by the King, and holds it iinr.tr lereplacit'’ P&ts. Anciently- he received this Dignity by the de¬ livery of tlicGoldcnKeysof thtTreafury. li-Jjefent State His Oath is li.tlc different from that of tf- Lord i.fmccilor. ' Hei* rrtrf'HsiJt:wii, a Lord byl.isOIFa under whole Charge and G \ ■ i mrnt is all h. King's Revenue kc |it in the Exchequer. IK hat alfo the Cheek of all the Officers any -.vayes ployed in Collecting Impojls, Ctijhm:, Triha or other Revenues belonging to the Crown, ft hath the Gift of all Cufiwurs, CompiroUrs, at Setrebers in all the Ports of LirgUrj. He hath the Nomination cf the EfclcMts': every County, and n fume Cafes by Statute; to appoint a Mcafurcr for the length and bread; of Clothes. He, with others joyned in Commiffion wi: 1 him, or without, ItttcthLeafcsofalltheLaci belongingto the Crown. He giveth Warrati to certain perfons of Quality to have their » r a Cuftom-free. The ancient Annual Salary of the Lord Hist Treafmer of Exghnd, was in all 3S3 ). 7 s. st but the late Salary was Eight thou fund poutu per Ar.mm. This Office hath been executed by a Coirs- foil granted to three eminent Pci Tons, viz. Th: Lord Afrit), now Earl of Sbiftsburj, Sir Tim Clifford, late Lord Clifford and Sir Q/a Dunaii until the lait day of Micbaelnw reran<7 1. wh:: by His Majdiits cfpccial favour the (aid Led Clifjord was treated i:ord Treffurer of Exglid, The lall Lord HighTreafurer of Exglixd, wz Tbonut Earl 0 fDtnb), created upon the Kefigr.:- tion of the late Lord Clijjord firccdiccalcd. After the faid Eail of Dinbj'% leaving the O'- fitc.i h sagain been put into the hards < f Com- luiffioncis, v.hoarellikd Lords Covmijf:or.cnij i!x Tiexjurj , of whom the Right llonctnak Of ENGL AND. 135 liter cr.ce Hide,WbmntKjndwnb, Baron Hide ofM'i/K cn-Btfftt, is at preterit the firit; Sir John gunk), Si .Edward Peering, Sidney Godophin Efquii c, and Jr Stephen Pox, XIk Fourth Great Officer named in the Sta- r.crdPre- tutc 31 //. 3 - is the ‘-°rd Prcfidcnt of tht- Ki g’s njkm. Pnvv-Council, an Officer as ancient as Kiiig J y.'a's time, "as ufually called Cor.fiiiarius Ca- His Office is tu attend upon the King, tuj-Ml’ofc bffiincfs at Council-Table, and then cerument, as for the payment of M«r.cy, tfc. which do not pal’s the Great Seal. He is by his Place of the Kir g’s Privy Coun¬ cil, and chief Judge of the Court of gequefts, "hen itfhall be re-continued ; ar.d be file s h.s Oath tfPrivjCoiir,cellar, takes a particular Oath as Lord Priv) Seal. His Salary is 1500 L His Place according t lord Vrepdenl of the It is an Office of grcai er Annum. Statute is next to the g’s Cot.r.eil. trull and skill, that he put Dip ij 6 €Ije parent state put not this Seal to any Grant without good war- rant und r the Iffngs Privy Signet ; nor with war. rant if it be againfl Law or Cujlm, until that th: King be firff acquainted. This Great Officer is mentioned in the Sta¬ tute of i gjcb, i. and then ranked amongfl the chief Pcrfons of the Realm; and it is at prefent en;oycdby Arthur Earl of Anglefej. Note, That anticntly the Lori Chancellor, Trts- furer, Prejiient, and Privy Sal, were generally Clergy-men, and then thofc Great Offices wcic belt diicharged. Cham- The Sixth Great Officer of the Crown, is the berliir.. Lori Great Chamberlain of Pr.glir.i, an Officcrci Great Antiquity, to whom belongs Livery anl LoJging in the Kjtgs Court, and certain Fees due from each Archbifiop or Bifiop when they do their homage or fealty to the King, and from all Peers of the Realm at their Creation, ordo- ing their homage cr fealty; and at the Corona¬ tion of every King to have Forty Ells of Crmjit Velvet for hi, own Robes; and on the Corctum Day before the King rileth to bring his Shin, Coyf, Wearing-Clothes ■ and after the King isby him apparel ed an:) gone forth, to have his Bed and all Furniture of his Bed-Chamber for his Fees, all the King, Xigbt-Apparel, and to carry at the Coronation the Coyf, Gloves, and Lima , to be uf-d by the Kirg upon that occalion ; aid) the Swori and Scabb.ui, and the Goli to be offer¬ ed by the King, and the ![obe !{oyal and Cvm, and to untPcfs and att ire the King with the Robes Royal, ami to ferve the King that day before and after Dinner with Water to walfi his Hands, and to have the Bajon and 7 owe Is f r his Fee;, Efc. hioi'-ovcr. To this Grc.it Officer belongs the care ofproviding allthirgsin thtHoufc of Lords *37 (If ENGLAND. in time of Parliament, and to that end hath an Apartment near the Lords Houfc. 'This Honour was long enjoyed by the Earls of Oxford, from the time of Henry the Firffi by an Epte Tayl or Inheritance ; but in the two laft Coronations by the Earls of Lindfey, and that by an £> r /jis of Inheritance, from a Daughter and Heir General claimed and controverted, and is at prefent enjoyed by Egbert Earl of Unify. The Seventh Great Officer is the Lord Nigh Conpble Corpbh of England, fo called, fomc think, from i the Saxon, Cutting . by contraction Jfjng and Stable, ^uafiEtgU Column, for it was antiently written Cuninjfable, but rather from Comes Sta~ luli, whofc Powcrand Jurifdiftion was ar.ticnt- Iv fo great, that after the death of Edward Ea- get, or Stafford, Duke of Buckingham, 1511. and the laft Nigh Conjlable of England, it was thought too great for any Subject, But fincc. upon occafu.n of Coronation, (as that of King Charles the Second, was made the late Earl of Northumberland 1 and at Solemn Tryalsby Combat, (as tha> which was intended between gey and Egmfy 1631 was mad • Egbert Earl of Lindfey) there is created Troilla Nice, aLord High Conftahle. His Powcrand Jtirifdi- ftion is the fame with the Earl Marjhal, with whom he fits Judge in the Marjhals Court, and • takes place of the Earl Marjhal. The Eighth Great Officer of the Crown, is the Earl ‘f Earl Marjhal o f England, fo called from Mare in Marjhal. ‘ the Old Saxon, (i. c.) Norfes, and Schal, Eraffe- ' fiat. He is an Earl, fomc fay , by his Office, whereby he taketh, as the Conjlable doth, Cog¬ nizance of all matter j of War and Arms, deter- mincth Contracts touching Deeds of Arms, out 13,8 ttfie Prefent State of the Realm upon Land, and Matters concert¬ ing Wars within the Realm , which cannot lx determined by Common lira ; and in thefe Mil¬ ters lie is commonly guided by the Civil Un. Note, that anciently he had fcveral Court under him, but hath now only the Mjrjhtp where he may fit in Ju Igment againll Crimimi offending within the Verge of the Kings Conn, This Office is of Great Antiquity in Engliti and anciently of Great Power. I he fail Earl Marjhal was Henry Howard E»: of Arundel, who died in i e- 1 w.an Chtppel, is not within the Jurifdiftion or Dioccfs of any Bithop, but as a !{egal Peculiar : exempt and referred to the Vilitation and Im- : mediate Government of the King, who is Su- : fur,:e Ordinary, as it were Prime Bifhopovcr all tire Churches and Bifhops of England. By the Dean are chofcn all other Officers of [ the Chappcl, viz. a Sub-dean, or Tracer,tor Ca- ; flinty two Gentlemen of the Chappel, whereof t.velvc are Prielh, and one cf them is H z ©fjepefent State to vifit the Sick, to examine and prepare Com¬ municants, to inform fucli as defire advice in any Cafe uf Confidence, or Point of Religion, Or, The other 10 Gentlemen,commonly called the Clerks of thcChappcl, arc with the aforefaid Pricils to perform in the Chappe! the Office of Divine Service in Praying, Singing, [ 3 V. On: of thefe being well skilled in Mufick, is chofea Mailer of the Children,whereof there are twelve in Ordinary, to inf:ru£t them in the Rules and Art of Muixk, for the Service of the Chnppcl. Three other of the laid Clerks are chofcn tot: Organ.fls, to whom are joyned upon Sur.hy.. Cellar-days, and other Holy-days, aCorforto! the Kings Mufick, to make the Chappcl-Mufick more full and compkat. There arc moreover four Officers called Vet- pers.from the Silver Rods carried in their hands, being a Sergeant, two Yeomen, andaGroomt the Chappcl. In the Kings Chappcl thrice every day Pray¬ ers arc read, and Gods Service and Worlhi} performed w ith great Decency, Order, and De¬ votion, and fhould be a Pattern to all other Churches and Chappcls of EtigUrJ. The King hath alfo his private Oratory, where fomc of hi; t haplains in Ordinary read Divine Service to the King on working day s every Morn¬ ing and every Evening. Twelve days in the year, being high and prin¬ cipal Feftival-, 1 lis Majcfly, after Divine Service, attended with his principal Nobility, adorned with their Collars of the C.insr, together with fomc of tl.c Heralds in their rich Coats, m > grave of ENGLAND. crave (i'lemn manner at the Altar, Offers a fum ofGoUtoGod, in fgnumfpecialH Domii.ii, that by his Grace he lining, andboldcth all of him. All Offerings made at the H. 1 y Altar by the King ami Queen , did an-iently belong to the dilpolal of the Archbifhop of Canterbury, if his Grace were prclcnt, whereloevcr the Court v, ( 's; hut row to the Dean of the ChappcI, to be dill, ihuted amongil the Poor. fhole twelve days arc, firfl Chtiflmat, Eajfer, . Kh'fur.jr, and All-Saints, called tieufold-days, upon which the Btfant or Goldto be offered, is delivered to the King by the Lord Steward, or [erne other of the principal Officers: then AAtv- itan-Jay, Twelfth-day, upon the latter of which, 'Cc'.i, ftanhjncerfe, and Myrke, infevcral Pur- fo arc offered by the King: Laitlv, Candlemas, Annunciation, After,fen , Trinity Sunday, St.John liptill, and Michaelmas-day, when only Gold is offered. Upon Chriflmas, Eajier, and Whitfun- iij, lfh Majeliy ufually receives the Holy Sacra- mert, none but two or three of the principal Bifhops, and fome of the Royal Family commu¬ nicating with him. The Gold offered by the King at the Altar when he receives the Sacrament, and upon high Tcltivals, is (fill called the Bizar.tine, which an- tier.tlv was a piece of Gold, Coyned by thcF.m- peruirs oS Conjiantinople, in Latin Bizantium, That which was ufed by King James, wasa piece of Gold, having on the one fide the Pourtrait of - the King kneeling before an Altar with four Crowns before him, and wi h this Motto cir- cumfciibcd, Quid retrihuam Domino pro omnibxi (fit tribuit mhi ; and on the other fide was a Lamp lymg by a Lyon, with this Motto, vh *43 144 Clje parent State Cot mtritum humiliitum non defpiciet Dai. The King hath alfo (bclidcs many Extraordi- nary) 48 Chaplains in Ordinary, who arcuis- ally eminent Doctors in Divinity, whereof fee every Month wait at Court to Preach into Chappcl on Sundays, and other Fcftivals before the King , and in the Morning early on Sueh. before the Houlhold, to read Divine Servicetj- fore the King, out of Chappcl daily as afor:- mentioned, twice in the Kings private Oratorjj to give Thanks at Table in the Clerk of the Cl:-; let's abfence, In the timeof/ent, according to antientl;:- liable cultom, the Divine Service and Preach is performed in a more fokmn manner. Anciently in Court there were Sermons:: Lent only, ami that in the Afternoon, in open Air, and then only by Birtiops, D:r: and principal Prebendaries: Our Anceltorsje ing that time enough, .ud thoic Perfons only: to Teach Inch Aiuii'ory their Duty to GoJatj M.n. Anciently -iio the Lent Preachers \% ail appointed b ! ' the Archhilhop i.f Camerhy Nowon the h-It tV'dnfdjy, ca'-ied AJi.tvedrejl! in the Mon..., 0 , begins the Dean of trie Chap?: to Prcacii, on each Wedne'dr, after t nc of:. Majetties more eloquent Chaplains, everyfu- day the Dean of fomc Cathedral or Collegian- Church: On thclall Frida) called Good-Frit: is always to Preach the Dean of U’rflmir/lerp every Sunday in Lem Cme J[ight pverend Sip l’r.-acbcth, and 0-1 the lalt dW-o d Lent, call; Tdm-Sunday, is to Treat ban Anhbifliup, at upo.i Eajier day the Lord High Almoner, who. utiialiy the liifhopof London h r the time bciu (but at prefent is the Pilhop of Lochrjler) at who difpolcth of the Kings Alms an.-' forth life receive:!) (b fide* other Moneys allowed; \ Of ENG LAND. I the King) all Deodinds, G; bom Ftlorum dt fe, l to be that way difpofed, whereof more after¬ wards In raw, the Gaud Amofr.ier is Principal : of all FccIcJijJlicks of the Court, and all Offi¬ cers (I rlic King’s Chappel, he rccciveth their -'Oathsof Allegiance, and himfclffwearsonlyto , the King for that Office; he hath the riifpoficion 'cf all Mulpitals, the Charge for delivering Pri- loncrs, pardoned by the King, at his coming to 'theCrown, or at his Coronation, or M en¬ hance into any of his Cities. Under the l ord High Almor.tr, there is a Sub- A'wttr, two Teomen, and two Grooms of the Brinks a! I thelo, theKing hath a Clerk of the -Ckifct, orConfeflortohisMajrily. who is com- ft* If feme Reverend, difcrect Divine, extn- ordi:ar lytlicemcd by his Majcfly, whole Office is to attend at the King’s Right Hand during Di- vise Service, to refolvc all Doubts concerning Spiritual Matters, to wait on HisMajelly in his private Oratory or Ckfct, whereof the Keeper ris .Mr.r/'e. VurXJt), whole Fee is j 1 . ii prefent Dei* cf the Chappel is Doftor !'Car,;t:, n Riflnp of London, ivh.fc Fee is - col. yearly, and a Table; his Sub-Dean is Deflo: \Mim Jdclitr, whole Fee is io ol. ycailv. The Fte cf each Piicit, and Clerk of eh." Chappel, is 70 /. yearly. The Clerk of the Clolct is Dotfor Crew , P„- Ikp cf Vurkim , rucives 10 Ncblt; Fee A,.am. I'l.cLord High Almor.cr is Dofler Do'kn, Hi- Btepof fycbtjlor,' hath no Fee, l;h Mib-Almc- J 4S Cije l^efcut State Vor the Civil Government of the Kings C the chief Officer is the Lord Steward, called al:i in the time of Henry the Eighth, The Great Hi¬ tter of the Kings Houjhold, after the Freneb Mode,. but primo Mariee, and ever fmcc called, rfcj lord Steward of the Kjngs Houfiold. _ The State of the Kings Houl'c is committed ti' him, to be ruled and guided by his diferedo: and all his Commands in Court to be obeys!; and l'crved. And as his Power is great, Ills Dignity, State and Honour. The Steward andTrcafurcr within the Kings Houfe, faith;: oldManufcript, ^prefers the State of an Earl He hath Authority over all Officers and Sc: vants of the Kings Houfc, except thofe of i Majcilics Chappel, Chamber, and Stable & He, by his Office, without any Comnufo: iudgeth of all difeords, as Treafons, Afiirdersf? Ionics, Bloodjl'cds, committed in the Court, e within the Verge, which is every way wide twelve miles of the chief Tunnel of the Cor, (only London by Charter is exempted;) for t:: i aw having an high cllccm of the Dignity of ft Kings fctled Manjtrm-Houfe, laid outfuch a Pis of Cj round about his Houle, (as a Haut Fajt, c lent Carpet, fpread about the King’s Chant Of ENGLAND. vird, with great ceremony, inthena. Peculiir ijng i Bend, and that not on- i, but without the King’s Dominions: is recorded, that one Englem of No- ■ir.ee, for ffcaling Silver Diflies cut of ; of Edmri the Fir/}, King of ErgUttd, ini, (after the matter had been deba- Council ofthe King of France, touch- riBiaion ; and ordered. That the King d mould enjoy this Kingly Prerogative wlhold) was condemned by Sir J{okrt then Steward to the KingofTwted, ■d in St. Germim-Fields. That to the Lord Steward belongs at aing ofParliaments to attend the King's ud to Minifter the Oaths of Allegiance tmacy to all the fcvcral Members ofthe Commons, and at the end of Parlia- ndjull the Parliamentary Expences, Tiicior./ Stemrd is aWbite-Stjff-offcer, for fern the King’s Prefcnce carricth 2 white Stiff, at other times going abroad, it is carried ;bya Foctman bare-headed. This White Staff is ijaken for a Commiflion : at the death of the i“P- over theHerlc made for the King’s Body, [ksreaketh this Staff, and thereby di charged! €l)e defeat State the King s Bed-Chamber, which is wholly unit; the Gre om of the Stole; and all above Stairs; who arc all fworn by him, (or Ms Warrant to the Gentiemen-Ufhers) to the King. He hati aiib the ovcrlight of the Officers of the it> drth, at alibis Majefties Houfes; and of the removing Wardrobes, or of Bids, of the Tf«; r Revels, Mufic, Comeiim, Hur.tixg, and cf th jVeJfcrgers, dlive Trumpeters, Drummers, of;' ZarMcrafts, and Artifm, retained in the King’s Sc. vices. Moreover, he hath the overfight of theft. n’ds and ru-funanis, and Sergeants at Am s, a,i T'rjtciar.s. AfCikec.iria,Cb)rurgioni, Baris (Sc. To him alio b lorgeth the ovcrlight of th Ckstl'tKS, though himtclf be a Lay-man; cor trai’y in tins particular to the antient cuiicmd Erg’.arJ, and Modern Cuflom of all other Ktrr doms, where tcdcfijfihits arc never underu ordering cf Lay-men. Alfo cf the Charges of Coronations, Mart- 1 t c , t atalc-ulcs, funerals, (Sc. C afi furniture intl.ciGrlianr nt,andinthcHcc:. cf AddrefTes to the King, (Sc. The Fee of the Lerd Chamberlain of the Kir;! Hotife. is tecyearly, and Sixteen Difhesea. Mc-j], with all the Appurtenances. This Office is now in the hands of to ret. fa: 1 e f Arlirgtan. Mull cf the above-named Offices and Flat? are in the Lift and Difpofal of the Lord Chat- berlain. The thirl Great Officer of the King’sCorr i the A/ }tr (f tk-Hot'.c, anciently called fen .\-,ulu!i , Vr C i rjlable , to whom a higher in ph \mer.t and power was ttn.il given, and f; of ENGLAND. This Great Officer hath now the ordering ' anddifpofalof all the King’s Stables, and Race', or breed of Horf.s; and had heretofore of all the Rolls of England. Hehathalfo the power over Efeuriei and Pages ; over the Footmm, Grooms , Riders of the Great Horfes, Farri-.rs, Smith, Coachmen, Sadlers, and all other Trades working to the King's Stables; to all whom he (or by his Warrant the Avener) giveth an Oath to be true and faithful. , He hath the charges of all Lands ami Reve¬ res, appointed for the Kings breed of Horfes, and for charges of the Stable, and Lr Litters, Clicks, Sumpter-Horfes, &c. He only hath the privilcdgc to make ufc of any Horfes. Pages , Footmen, belonging to the King’s Stables- At any Solemn Cavalcade, be rides n-xt be¬ hind tlx King, and leads a Leer h'orfe of State. Thb Great Office was lately enjoyed by ■’ am, j Duke of Monmouth. His y early fee was (tool, ig s. 4 d. and a Table of Sixteen Diflrrs each Meal. ’Tis now in the Hands of Ccmmidioncis, whole Names are Sir Stephen rex, ■) Sir Richard Maf>n, > Knights. Sir Nicholas Ar mw er, J Thames Windham, ? Efquircs . Koger rape, 5 ■ Thefc arc called Commiffioners of His Max- fries Stables, executing the Place of Mailer of the Horfe. The account of the Stables for Horfcmcat, Livery, Wages, and Board-wages, are brought by the Sixtier, being chief Clerk ofthcAvirj, *5° dje Cerent State to be palled and allowed by the Boai d of Crw Chib. Under tlicfc three Principal Officers of Hi Ma;cUics Houfhold, are almoli all the other® ficers am! Servants. Firll, under the Lord Stewzrd, in the Cot>p itg-Houfe, is the Tretfurer of the Houfbold. Comfttclkr. Cofferer. Muffler of the Houftold. Two Clerks of the Grecn-Clolb. Two Clerks Comptrollers. Two Teomen. The Cofferers Clerks, or Clerks of tbi Ajfct Two Grooms. Two Mejfer.gers. It is called the Compting-Houfc, becaufc til Accompts for all cxpenccs of the Kjrtgs Ht(- hold arc there taken daily bv the Lord Stewnl, the Treasurer, Comptroller, the Cofferer, the Mi¬ ff er of the Houjhold, the two Clerks of the Grin Cloth, and the two Clerks Comptrollers, who:!- fo there make l’ruvihons for the MouflioM, !.'• cording to the Law of the Land, and make la¬ ments and Orders for the well-governing of tl: Servants of the Houlliokl. In the Compting-f-Jouje, is the Great-Cld, which is a Court of Jullice continually fitting in the King’s Houfe, compofcd of the Pcrfon; la(l mentioned; whereof the three fir ft are life- ally of the King’s Privy Council. To tin's Court, being the firif, and nioft antient C oart of Eng- hr.d, is committed the charge and ovcrliglit of the King’s Com-Ko)d, for Mattel s of jullice of ENGLAND. :dGovernment, with authority form: e rhe Peace, within u miles diftancc ever the Cuurt [hall be, and within tin oufc, the power of corrcdlingall the S icrcin, that fliall any way offend. Ir is called the Green Cloth, of a Gres foujkoli Servmts within the CL-eckrKpi bund guilty of Felony, no benefit of o be allowed him. Antuntly this kt have held Pfe# of Freehold rho. H cc, ujf. i 4 s. 8 d. and a Table of res each Meal. He bears a White St t prelim t Frmii Vifeount Newport, 'he Comptrollers Office, is'tocontroll ipts and Reckonings of the Greer,-Cl lis yearly Fee is 107 /. 17 s. C< i a 1 ccn DiUncs each Meal. He bears a V and is at prefent. Willim Lord Mt) 'he Cofferer isalfo a Principal Office ccial charge and overfight of other 1 he Houle, for their good Demeanor a £fjc parent state riage in their Offices, and is to pay the Wage to the King’s Servants, above and below Stars; and for Previlions, by the direction and allow, ance of the Green-Clotk. His yearly Pee is i co /. a Table ofSeven DilTia daily, and is now Henry Brouncker Efquire. The next is the Mifterof th; Houjholi, whole Office is to furvey the Accounts of the Houle, His Fee One hundred Afurly.and Siven Diftitj daily; cn oyed by/Aw; Eu’\eky Efquirc. Ail Bills of Comptrolmcn t, T-irceU and Bn:> mints, arc lotted and allowed by the Clerk.sCm ptrollers, and fummed up by th: Clerks of th Green-Cloth. The two Clerks of the Green-Cloth arc at pre¬ rent Sir Stephen Fox, and Sir Ifillum Benwj, and the two Clerks Comptrollers arc Sir Ff'i*.- jhn Cburcbil, and Sir l(ichiri Mnfm. The yearly Pee to each of thefe Pour, is.pl, 6 s. 8 a. and between them, two Tables of St- ven Difhes to each Table. The reft of the Compting-Houfc being lefs cor.< (idcrablc, (ball, for brevity, be pad over; and, for other Officers below ftaiis, only their Name: and number (hall be noted, their Fees heingno: confiderable, except the Sergeants Pee of cad: Office; only the Reader may here take notice, that although the King pays Hill the a-tient Feeq which at firliwere of above ten times the value they arc now ; yctthcPcnuilites in many Offi¬ ces, make fometimesa place of icf lee, tob: In the /.Cilery, or the Citrren 0$cc. a Set- near,t, -hm;s Halfer, a Clerk, purveyors fe Vlelli and Pith, Yeomen; in a’!, Twelve Period b S Of ENG LAN D. | Ir the Poultry, a Sergeant, l{e»e MezistMcu, jClerk, Yeomen, Grooms, Purveyors; mall. I ''In the Biidcufe, a Sergeant, KicloU Johrtfon, aClerkCiijr.ro/, divers Yeomen, aGarnitor, ilivers Purveyors, Grooms, and Conducts, in all N 'lii the WoofyirA, a Sergeant, Wcbolx Per.n ; Clerk, Yeomen, Groom, and Pages; in all, sit pcrlons. " I,; the Scullery, a Sergeant, Thmu Hiriym.tr,, a Clerk, Yeomen, Grooms, and Pages; in all, Fifteen PerSons. In ti e Liritr, a Sergeant, John Fex Senior, [-.so Yeomen, twoGrooms, one Page. ’ In the Pj jlry, a Sergeant, Piinck. Limb, a •Cerk, Yeomen, Grooms, and Children; in all, .V tc, That from the Pijir, to the Acitery, as the Clerk of one Office dies, the Cleric ot the next Under Office fucceeds; and from the Aci - utj, as anv of the Clerksof the Sficiry or l{tt- da Aver) die, the Clerk of the Aciten fuc- ceciis; and from thence, robe one of the C.ei.j. Comptrollers , then Clerk of the Crtfctdyr, then Miller of the Uc.d/tiLl\ lallly. t-O’-rrr or uvsh’cUji/.ld : higher titan which, this .uwed.ja ;.v;h, That in each Office there is a e m - :810sfrom one to anoth.i; «s one of the C-. • rcr, :r.:v come to ire Groom, then Yeoman, r.t, Jib, .7 eny.t E.'q, , (jV. in ail Sic. a v ->■ * 5 J * 5 + €(jc pjeftnt State In the Cellar, a Sergeant, PJehard Dalton Sc. nior, Efquire, Sergeant of the Cellar, is al.o Sergeant of the Buttery, and ritcher-houfe, and) Gentleman, Pjehard Dalton Junior, Eiijuire. A Merchant, ar.d Purveyor v(Wines, Mt.ljf; Fire trace. Yeomen, Grooms, Purveyors, h. ges; in all Twelve. In the Fuller;, a Gentleman William Errh, Yeomen, Grooms, Pages, Purveyors; in ill Eleven. In the Pitcher-houfe, a Yeoman, Groems, Page; in all four perfons. In the Spicer;, twoClerks, Robert Bofe chic; Clerk of the Sficer;, John Pox Junior, lira; Clerk, and a Grocer. In t heCkndby, a Sergeant, James C/er^Ef;; two Ycumcn, two Grooms; in all live per- Tons. In the Cor.feilionar; , two Yeomen, and; Groom. In the Ewr;, a Sergeant, Edtx>. W;i:n; a Gen- tleman, two Yeomen, and a Groom. In the Laundry, a Groom and two Pages. In the Kdtehin , four Clerks, three to tht King : viz. Bern; Pirebuce Efquire, chief Clerk. John Clements Efejuirc. Jthn Mottle; Efquire. And one Clerk to the Queen, Thom Vivian Efquire. The chief Clerk waits upon, and app-'ints the Kings, Queens, and Houfliold Diets every third month; waits upon all foreign Prince:, when bis Majefly gives them Entertainment; he keeps keeps all the Records, Lidger-Books, and Pa¬ pers relating to that Office; makes up all Bills, parcels and Debenters for Board-wages, and provilions and Ncccffaries, ifi'uingfrom the Of¬ fices of the Pantry, Buttery, and Cellar. Keeps account of, and makes up the remains with fc- veial other Duties, which oblige him to con- fiant waiting ; he appoints Scotvrers, Turn-bro- iliers and Porters in his turn with the Mailer Cosp in the fcvcral Kitchens, and hath a Fee equal to an Officer of the Green-Cloth, and a Diet of feven Difhes each Meal. The lecond and third Clerks wait upon the Diet as abovefaid, each of them one Month in three, and attend the King and CJueen in their Progrelfes, when appointed by the Green- Cieth, and have a Table of five Difhes. This iccor.d Clerk alfo waits on all Foreign Ambafia- dors and Strangers, when the King gives them Entertainment. The Queens Clerk of the Kit- then only attends her Diet, from Che Kitchen to her Majcilics Table. A Mailer Cook to the King, 'JohnSajer Efij; a Mailer Cook to the Queen, Patrick, lamb ; .1 Mailer Cook to the Houfhold, Bjekari Pierce ; each of thefe three, a Table of five Diflics, I Yeomen, feven Grooms, five Children; in all, :i perfons. in the SeMing-Houfe, Yeomen, Grooms, in Pi, fur. In the Office of Harbingers, there is a Knight Harbinger, three Gentlemen Harbingers, and fix Yeomen Harbingers. The Knight Harbinger, is AYeftfElq; whole Office and Ac- 15 6 r €\)t lp»2Cfent 0tntt ! liimfclf, or by his Deputy, provide and appoint all Lodgings and Harbingagc, for al! great Per- fons, all Noblcnv.n, Bilhops, all his MaJ.fiiei Servants and Attendants,and for other his Liege People : Moreover, for all Ambafladors, forail Foreigners, ere. his Salary is io Marks per j«. r.um, and .'or. fir diem, out of the Exchequer, befides Fees fer Honours given by the King, and Homage done to his Majilty, and divers other Pcrquifices. Here note, that in the Court of England, the Officers, according tc their levcial degrees,ate named, cither Lords, Knights, fcfquires, Ser¬ geant'-, Gentlemen, Clerks, Yeomen, Grooms, Pages or Children ; of Loids there arc two, viz, the Lord Steward, and the Lord Chmi-j- kin: of Knights there arc alfo two, viz. Knigi.t Mtrjhtl, and Knight Harbinger: of EfqairC!, there arc four, viz The Efq uires of thcliodr, of Sergeants, Gentlemen, Yeomen, O’c. there are of them in fcvcral Offices, as appears b:^ fore. The prcflnt fyigit-Ji'jrJktl is Sir Eivwl miers. The EQiight-Marfiil, called Mttrefcbilki lie- p itii grgii, hath Jurifrlidiion and Cognizance of all Crimes within his Royal Palace, whcrcunto one of the parties is the Kings Servant. He ii one of the Judges of the Court called the AUf jbdlfa, cr Mitrjhul Seat. of Judicature, which is held in Southwark., and hath there a Prifon be- , longing to the fame. Upon folcmn occatiors, he rides before the King, with a fiiort Ballon tipt at both ends with Gold, and hath fix Ere- vofiMarfiah, or Virgers, in Scarlet Coats, to wait on him, and to take care of the Royal Pa- bee, that no Beggars, Vagabonds, Common *57 Of ENGLAND. Women, that profiitutc their Bodies, Malefa¬ ctors, tfr. come within, or rear the Court. In the Almonry, Sub-Almoner, one Yeoman, one Groom. Five Tonus at Gats, a Sergeant, Sir Edward Brett, two Yeomen, three Grooms. Two Clerks of the Carriage, one Yeoman, three Grooms. Can-takers, fix in number. Snroeyers of the Drefj'er , two, one above, the other below. Marjkals of the Hall, five. Sewers of the Nall, four. Waiters of the Nall, fever.. Mejfenger of the Compting-Noufe, one. Bell-ringer, one. long Cart-ta\ers, four. Wine-Porters, four. Wood-bearer, one. Cock of the Court, one. Eeficies the fore-named Officers bclowStairt, there arc alfo under the faid Lord Steward, all the Officers belonging to the Queens Xjtcbin, Cellar, Pantry, iSc. and to the Lords PQtcbin ; together with Children, Sctwerers,Tm-Em* tk's, l£c. In all fixty tight- Ifo €&e l&efent state The Lift of the Officers of the Green- Cloth, alias Compting-Houfe, as they are in Order. J Antes Duke of Omani, Lord High Steward of the Houlhold. Trine is Lord Vifcount Heroprt, Trcafurcr c; the Houlhold. Willim Lord Msynird, Controller. Henry Browser Efq; Cofferer. Henry Bulklsy Efq; Mailer of the Houlhold. Sir Stephen Box, ? Clerks of the Greta- Sir Will itm Borimn, 5 Cloth. S;r Winjlon Churchill, ? Clerks Control- Sir J{ickird Melon, 5 lers. Tetley Gtmm, ? Yeomen of the Greet- Chirks Margin, S Cloth. I ®°°“- Jdx Gran[ien, Mcflcngcr. Of ENGLAND. * 59 , A Lift of Hit Majefties Servants : in Ordinary, above Stairs. G Emlemtn of tbs Bed-Chamber, whereof the firli is called Groom of the Stole, that is, according to the fignification of the word in , Grek., from whence , firli the latines, and thence the Italian and French derive it. Groom, or Strvint of the Robe or t'eflment-, He having the Office and Honour'to prefent, and put on hisMajcflics Firfi Garment or Shirt, every Morn- ing, and to order the things of the Bcd-Cham- ber. The Gentlemen of the Bed-Chamber, conliff nfually of the Prime Nobility of England ; their ■ Office in general, is, each one in his turn, to , wait a week in every Quarter in the King’s Bed- , Cktmber, there to lie by the King on a Pallet- ! Bed all night, and in the abfence of the Groom j of the Stole, to fupply his place. Moreover, i they wait on the King when he cats in private; | for then the Cup-bearers, Carvers, and Sewers, do not wait. The yearly Fee to each is 1000 1. Their *6o $ije parent State Their Names follow according to their Or. der. John Earl of Bath, Groom of the Stole, and firlt Gentleman of the Bed-Chamber. John Duke of Lauderdale. Herr) Duke of Newcajlle. Egbert Earl of Manckjler, Charles Earl of Dorfet. John Earl of Mulgrave. Cbrijlopber Duke of Albemarle. Egbert Earl of Linijey. Aubery Earl of Oxford. tfamriEarl of Arran, (Son to Duke ffamilt si) lately made Gentleman of the Bed-Chamber it Ordinary. Edward Lord Latimer. Thomas Earl of SuJJex. Earl of Rir.eleigh. Earl of Litchfield, LaureueVikmnt H)k, Supernumeraries. The Vice-Chamberlain was Sir George Carte¬ ret, but is now the Honourable Henry Savil, Bro¬ ther to the Earl of Htllif.tx. Keeper of his Majcftics Privy-Purfc, is Baptijl May F.fjuirc. Treafurerof the Chamber, is Edward Grifa Efquire. He pays Riding and Lodging Wages, as the Lord Chamberlain (hall direct. Sir Cbrijlopber IVren, Suivcyor-Gcr.cral of his Majcftics Works. Maftcr of the Robes belonging to his Majcftics Perfon, is at prelcnt the Huiiourablc Colincl Henry Sidmy, Brother to the Earl of Leicejhr-, bn Office is to have the ordering of all his Ma- of ENGLAND. ijcfiics Robes, as thofe ofComition, or It.Georges ca ft a nd of Parlumetif, alfo, of all Ins May¬ flies Wearing Apparel , of his Collar of SS's 'Georges, and Carter, befet with Diamonds and Pearls. Grooms of the Bed-Chamber ought to be Twelve, but there are now iome Supernumeraries. Bent) Seymore, "1 Eiroiri Progers, Thoms KJBegreio, Robert Philips, j Rjchird Lane, Bmiri Granite, i, E| - qu ; rc j. Berry Stvik, George Porter, George Bridges, Thoms Winibm, Bevill Skelt(«, Berry Tjllegrev!, J Supernumeraries; Wi'iiim Leg, k John Berkley, ( . Thoms Bomrd, S E.-iUires. —Lee, \ — Bmbletcn, J Thcfc are to be under the degree of Knights. Their Office is to attend i n the King sBed-Cham- ber, to drefs and undrds the King .n private. The yearly Fee to each p ace is. Of. 5°° 162 €1)e I 3 ?efent State Pages of the Bed-Chamber are Six. wil'.im CP’Snch, who isalfo Keeper oftij King’s Cabinec-Clofct. Francis Rogers. Theodore tijmdu, Houfc-kccpcr alfo at ll’itiy jirurdel Bull, lowde Cor del. Edvard Ueoton. Gentlemen-Vjhers of the Pnvy-Chmk. Msrmadu’ne Dare) EC<1; Sir Paul Neal. John Mitton Efq; Sir Thoms Not. Thefe wait one at a time ih the Prlvy-Ioc: ings, i$c. Gentlemen of the Privy-Chamber^ in Ordinary. Midfumrner-Qtiartcr. Colonel Carlos, Sir Jfohert Berios. Sir Samuel Sards. F.imard Nernon. Charles 2{jlkgrpu>. Sir fohn Cotton, and fix more. Michaelmas- of ENGLAND. i*J Michaelmas-Quarter. John Hill Sir Robert Hilliard. Sir William Hayward. Sir William Walter. Sir fobn Locket. Sir Robert Ffillegrew. Sir Charles wheeler Baronet. Sir fames Cimnhgjbam, and four more. Chriftmas-Quarter. Sir fifefh Seymore. Sir Peter Ffjllegrem. Sir Robert Townfend. Sir Thomas If evil. Mr. Dnhick, Sir fib* Merton. Sir John Hines. Mr. Trelavmy. Sir Thomas Lir.cb. Captain Thomas Daniel, and two more. Lady-Day-Quarter. Peregrine Bertie. Sir Adam Brown. Sir Francis Lanley. Sir Rolen Thomas Baronet. Sir Francis C/arlc, Richard Boyle. Sir Francis Clinton. Sir Edward Sutton, and four more. In €fje Went State In Number Forty eight; all Knights, or quires of Note. Their Office is Twelve every Quarter towjj ontheKing's Pcrfon within doors and withort fo long as his Ma jelly is on foot; and when ft King eats in the Privy-Chamber, they waits the Table, and bring in his Meat. They vi£ alfo at the Reception of Amballadors; and ert ry night two of them lie in the King’s Priv;. Chamber. A Gentleman of the Privy-Chamber, byft King’s Commandment only, without any v.tit ten Commiffion, is fufficient to Arrcft any Pcs o f England, as Cardinal IVoolfey acknowledged Grooms of the Trivy-Cbamber in Ordinary, ; number fix, all Gentlemen of Quality. Maurice Wynn, Egbert Tbompfon, Cbriftopber Jefferies. John Billingbam. ffumpbrej Graves, Teherton Papon, Thefe (as all Grooms') wait without Sword, Cloak, or Hat: whereas the Gentlemen of tii Privy-Chamber wear always Cloak and Sword. There is one library Reefer, Henry Tip Efquire. Cup-bearers. William Erskin Efq; James mlfall Efq; .Sir John Pettia. John trelarvney Efq; Carvers of ENGLAND. 165 Carvers. ivil!imCbMpn()sEfq; Clement Saunders Efq; fofo Beaumont Efq; kiHiam QUegrcw Efq; Gentlemcn-Sewers, Brcil Sbeltin Efq; Robert Saintcliire Efq; tenjamin Hoi) Efq; Hem) Goring Efq; Efquires of the Body. Henry Horwood Efq; Feriinando Marcbam Efq; francii Bujjel Eli}; Hem) I{jngjmill Efq; Their Office is to guard the King’s Perfon by night, tofet the Watch, and to give the Word, and to keep good Order ia the whole Houfc by night; as the Lord Chamberlain, and his other Officers arc to do by day. In t he Prefcnee-Chamber, Gcntlemen-Ulher?, daily Waitcis in Ordinary, are Four, whereof the Bril', hath that conliderablc Office of Bitch, god, and in time of Parliament, is to attend every day the Lords Houre, and is alfo Ulher of the moll Honourable Order of the Garter. In the Houle of Lords he hath a Scat without the Bar, and when the King will command the 1 66 Clje parent State Houfe of Commons to attend him in the Hoai of Lords, he always fends the Black.Rpd, who is fo called from a Black Staff which he bcarsit his hand. To his Cuftody alfo arc Dclinqaena committed by the Lords, and he is imploycdii fitting up the Lords Houfe before the fitting o' Parliament , and afterward for introducic; Lords into that Houfe. The four Gcntlemen-Ulhcrs daily Waites are. Sir Edward Carteret. Thomas Duppa Eft); Edward Cranjield Efq; Henry Carr Efq; Mr. Edward Purfel Gentlcman-Ufhtr , al- ftant, to come in upon the firlf Vacancy. Their Office is to wait in the Preface-Cfa ter, and fo attend next the King’s Pcrfon; at: after the Lord Chamberlain, and the Vice- Chamberlain, to order all Affairs ; and all lb dcr-Ofticcrs above Stairs, are to obey thcfc. Gemlemen-Vjhers, Quarter Waiters in Oriin- ry, in number Eight, viz. i[a!pb Whiftler Efq; Edict. Lcvett. fferem. Butt. Natba. Hamond. Jfobrt Packer. jerem. Cbaplaitte. Charles Richards. Thomas Granger. Thcfe wait alfo in the Preface-Chamber, and 1 67 of ENGLAND. ire to give diredtion in thcabfenccof the Gen- lemcn-Ufhers, Daily-Waiters to the Grooms ilK ] pages, and other Under-Officers, rvho arc 0 attend in all Offices, next below the Gentle- nen-Ulhcrsj Quarter-Waiters. There are Eight Sewers of the Chambers, WdVum Tirk.tr. Timothy Crttmpe. gjckiri Sivnge. Liroft Tetetmin. U'iHiint Timlin. Hugh Squirt. wTiiim CMemood. Tbmts Jobnfon. Six Gentlemen-Waiters. if oh Divics. fnr.cis Genri. George Snell. Chirks Boner. Upbert Chife. Willim Ellis. ■ ajchtrd Holliiri Efqs his Majcflies Barber. Stephen Crifpim, ConfdTor to Che Houlhold.' The Pages of thcPrcfence-Chambcr arc four. i ffehn Hopkins. I Sirntcl Eitcn. Thnus ll'oothoufi. John Titchhrn- There arc fourteen Grooms of the Great CUmbcr, Randolph 168 )t Paefent State Ejniolph Sparrow. Henry lagers. Thomas Greenhi’J. Vincent Williams. Walter lurrtu. George Cox. John Ferry. William Grove. Fh.rp Lewis. Char A ; Shepherd. Edmond Kjr.nett. Michael Mitcbatl. Adam Lindfey. James Gaffe. There are alfo three Meflcngers of the Chat- bers. Four Yeoman Ufhcrs. One Bow-bcarcr, Gervas Tryce Efq; Landrc's of the Body, Elinor Wall. Surveyor of the Droller, Tho. Walker Efq; Tko. Heal Efq; Groom Porter. His Office is to fee the King’s Lodgings furti- filed with Tables, Chairs, Stools, Firing:i: furnilh Cards, Dice, die. to decide Dilp® arifing at Cards, Dice, Bowlings, C it. There arc listccn Sergeants at Arms, all Get tlcmcn or Knights, attending upon his Majclly; there are alio four other Sergeants at dm, whereofone attends the Lord PrcfidcntoftKih another attends the Speaker of the Houfc:: Commons, ard another the Lord Lieutenant;: Ireland. Thrfeare Created with much Cert- mony. He that istobe a Sergeant at Arms, a to kneel bcCrc the King, who lays a Macer- tt: of ENGLAND. i6p (lie Sergeants Right Shoulder, faying, PSe up, Strgeanl at Arms, and Ejguire for ever. The Lord Chancellor and the Lord Treafurer :bavc each one a Sergeant at Arms carrying be¬ fore them great malTy Silver gilt Maces. A Lift of the Sergeants tit Arms at they wait Quarterly. Chriltmas Quarter. S Ergeant pichari Thorne. Sergeant Ppger Ctarnock. , Sergeant Henry Detehm. • Sergeant William Prefgrave. Ladyday Quarter. : Sergeant George Smith: Sergeant Edmond WiViamJon. Sergeant Orlando Pitz-Simmonisl Sergeant Jofepb Harvey. Midlummcr Quarter. i Sergeant Ppget Hartnett, Sergeant Robert Gyde. Sergeant Thomas Charnock.- Sergeant John Templer- I Michaelmas €$e l&efent ®tate Michaelmas Quarter. •Sergeant fobn Topbm. Sergeant John MuUlem. • Sergeant Thoms Fayne. Of thefe, Sergeant Thom Cbsmcb. alwaji attends the Lord Chancellor, and Sergeant Top. hm the Houfe of Commons during the Scffion of Parliament. J OHN Lord Bifhop of Rocbefiet, is Lord Al¬ moner. Dr. Willum Holier Sub-Almoner. Clerk of the Clofct is Dr. Crew, Lord Si- fliopof Durbtm. Thoms Dimkkp Efq; Clofet-kccper., Henry Lord Bifhop of London, is Dean of Hit Majcftics Chappel Royal. Dr. WiBUm Holier is Sub-Dean. Thoms Heyrtes Efq; Sergeant of theVcflrf Mjrmidukc Aljri and Stmt) Mom, Yconffl cf the Veftry. George Oldner Groom, Chaplm Of ENGLAND. Chaplains in Ordinary , as they wait, by Four in every Month, are as follow. January. May. r\R. Belkf. U Dr- cave. Dr. Milks. Dr. Dove. Dr. Bathurj}. .] Dr. Sudbury. Dr. Only. Mr. May. February. June, Dr. Cudocbj Dr. Fierce. Dr. Durell. Dr. Tkijlletbwaytc. Dr. Ironjiie- Dr. Lambe. Dr. Fuller. Mr. ‘ Fulham. March. J«iy. Dr. Smlwooi.' Dr, Littleton. Dr. Tenifon, Dr. Bradfotd. . ■ Dr. Cartwright. Dr. L'aftim. Dr. Hefcari. Dr. Meggqt. April, Auguft. Dr. StillMeeU Dr. Tillotjon. ‘ Dr. Han. Dr. Petm, Dr. i Voodroffel Dr. garnet. Dr. Offer. Dr. Olegati, li Stf? » 7 a fEDel&efent State September. Dr. Striding. Mr. Stndiji. Er. Lee. Ex. Creighton. Oftobcr. Dr. Bell. Dr. Winer,. Dr. Hone. Dr. Coodmitt. November. Dr. Butler. Dr. Smith. Dr. feme. Dr. Cole. December. Dr. Bill. Dr. Pnric^. Dr. Sprit. Dr. Burden, There Forty Eight Chaplains in Ordinary, art uD.raily Doftors in Divinity, and for the n;o3 part Deapjor Prebends, and ajl principal Pre¬ dicants.' There are Nineand Twenty Gentlemen ofHi; MajdlicsChappel-Royal, befidcs thc.Mrb-Dcat afore-mentioned, of whom there arc three Or- ganilts: Viz. Dr. Williinr Child. Dr. Jefcti Blow, Maftir alfo of the Cbildrea of' the ChappeX;. 1 , ’ ■ Mr. Elwirl lour. Mr .TkotiM BTigrdve, one of thtf 1 laid ’Gentle¬ men, is alfo Clerk of the Check./ Thefe Gentlemen are all of the moll eminent of Eighni in their Projcffion : as, Mr. Williim Turret. Mr. 3ms Hm .;; . . , Mr. Stephtt Of ENGLAND. Mr. Stephen Crifpin. Mr. Jhotras Heynood. Mr. Cofnell, &c. Phyftians in Ordinary to HU Majejlies Perftn, are, Sir Charles Scarborough, Firfi and Principal Phylitiun. Dr. Wetherley. ' Sir John Hinton. Thyftints in Ordinary to the Houfoold. Dr. Hickenfon. Sir Charles Scarborough for the Tower of Ion- dor,. Moreover, there arc above a dozen more able Phyfitians, who are the Kings fworn Ser¬ vants, but wait not, nor have Fee. Jewel-htmfe, Sit Gilbert Talbot, Mafier and Treafurcr of his Majcftics Jewels and Plate; and three other Officers, Captain Walter Eridall, ? „ m , n Thomas Tisdale, $ Yeomen. John Gilbert Groom. Whofc Office is to take charge of all VcfTcls ’ of Gold or Silver gilt for the King and Queens Tabic, of all-Plate in the Toner ; of Chains and Luofe jewels, not fixed to any Garment; The hfafier of the Ceremonies, Sir Charles Ccttercl, Fee 200 /. One Affiftant, Charles Cot- tuel Eft]; Fee uol. anj one Marlhal, Mr. PJ~ chard le Sis. The Office of Matter ofchc Ceremonies was i:> (litutcd by King Janies for the more ho .nimble Reception of Ambaffadors and Strangers of totality; now held by Sir Charles Cotterel Kt. I 3 who ■*74 €&e Pzefent State who executed the fame in the late Kings time, during the Civil Wars: in conlideration where¬ of, and of his having followed his prcfcntMa- jellies fortune abroad, till his happy Reftaura* lion, He was plea fed, as a Mark of hisfavour, and of the faid Office, to put about his neck (the day before his Coronation) a Chain of Cold, with a Meddai under the Crown of £«g- Uni, having on the one fide an Emblem ofPeeti, with King fames' s Motto , Beni Pacif.ci-, add on the other an Emblem of War. with DieulS Mon Droit ; which Maik is to continue to his SuccclTors; hisSalary is aool. per annum. _ The Office of Affiffant Mailer of th« Ceremo¬ nies, is now held by his Son Chirks Cotterellfy who is to execute the fame employment in ail Points whenfoever the other is ablent; hisS? lary is ml, 1 3 r. 4 d. per annum . The Marfiial of the Ceremonies is their Offi¬ cer, for the more eafi: performance of the fail Services, being fubordinatc to them both, and is to aft nothing but by thedireftions of oneof them : This Office is now held by Mr. Hicbirik B:/s, with the Salary cf loo/, per annum. Amonglf His Majcffics Servants in Ordinary, arc to be reckoned the Three lyings of Arms, Sis Heralds or Dukes of Arms,, as they have been heretofore fliled, and Four Purfuhints at Am. The now %ings of Arms being theft;; Firll, Sir William Dugiale Knight, whole Title is Carter, and unto whole Office it chiefly belonged to attend and direftatthofe Ceremonies and So¬ lemnities, that concern the moll Noble Order of the Garter, and to Marfhal tire Solemn funerals ofthe Knights of thatOrder; as alfo of the Peers Of ENGLAND. of this Realm; and to di reft in all things clfe [•elating to Arms, which do appertain to the Peerage. Secondly, Sir Henry St. Coerce Knight, wliofc Title is Clarencieux , and his Office chiefly to re¬ gulate and direfi the proceei'i ;ps at fjch folcm:; Funerals of all Degrees, under rtc Peerage of this Realm , as lhall be celebrated in his Pro¬ vince, which is the Counties on the South of runt, and whatfoever die there rolatcth to Aims. Thirdly, Sir Tkems St. George Knight, v.'hoic Title is Homy, and whofc Office is chiefly to regulate and direft as aforciaid, throughout his Province on the North of Trent. The fix Her lids, or Dukes of Arms, arc the fe : Robert Devenifh Efip Tori,. John Dugdile Efq; Wind for. I rjr.cis Sar.dford Efq; Lincifler. Henry Dethick. Efq; Rjehmoni. Thms May Efq; Chej'ter. Trends Bmghill Efq; Somerfet. The four Turfi'rvtnts are thefc, viz. Thoms Helford Gent. TorcuV.ice, f-ohn Gibbon Gent. Bkmmtntlc. Henry Bill Gent. Regc-Croix. Gregory %j*g Gent. Rouge-Dragon. The Offices of which TTerilds and Purfuivints brfidcs their Services (viz all, or fonic of them) at great Solemnities, asaforefaid, arc, together with the faid Kings of Arms, to attend at all I 4 publick 176 '?cfeut State publics Solemnities; and they, or fomc of them, to Proclaim War or Peace, carry Defi¬ ances , U.mmin Fortified Places, or Rebels is Arms proclaim ‘1 raitors: an 1 to do their b:fi fcrv:ce in u'i.mbcvcr rclat.-ch to theNcbilrty and G:n..v c: j' Palm, in point of Honotr and Arms Alfo among h'» Majefties Servants ix Otdir.i’j arc reckoned, One Ton Limn , the moil Ingenious and learned John Dreyien Efq; One Hifloriegrapber. One Library-Keeper, Herry Thyme E^; One Cofmographer, William Morgan Efq; One Geographer. One Hydregrapber, fo'epb Mexton. One Tubljck. Notary Of the Wardrobes. T Hc King hath (befidcs the Great Wat ink, whereof a particular account lEall be gi¬ ven elfewhcre) divers Handing Wardrobes it Whitebal, Windfor, Hamptor.-Court, the Towered London, Greenwich, ike. whereof there arc di¬ vers Officers. Laflly,There is the Removing Wardrobe, which always attends upon the Per foil of the King, Queen , and the Children; attends alfo upon Ambafladois, upon Chrifinings, Mafqucs, Plays, EiV. at the Command of the Lord Chamberlain-, who hath tlte difpofing of the vacant Placet. Here arc fix Officers, j otENGLAND. | Thilif Kjnnorfa Efq; Yeoman of the War- ! drobr. K&i 0 ™- frnr.hn Clufc, ) Hoists, > Paget* Kicbitl B.wbinqm ,) The Salary of the Yeoman is :oo I. of each Groom icni. and of each Page loo Marks. To all tilde irgtthcr is allowed fix Dilhcs each M:a!. All Moveables belonging to this War¬ drobe, are at length divided into three parts, v.hrrcof the Yeoman hath one for his own ufc, the Grooms another, and thcFagcs the third part. lr. the Office of the Tints, To)Ir, Hues, and Hvdlkns, one Matter WtUum Belles four Yeomen, one Groom, one Comptroller, I’E- jlrjrsi Sjtncs Efq; one Clerk of the Tents* A Matter of the Revels, Chirks Kjllisrerr Efq; viiufe Office is to order all things concerning .Comedies, Ma'ks at Court, &r. There is one Yeoman Hen r; Hittii, and one Groom, Cimeihns , about Twenty Men, and Tea. rrgrjvsr, Scuiftor, one in cach'Olcc, la the Office of the Robe* therdis the afore¬ mentioned the Honourable Herr, Sidnej, Malljtt of the Robe.'. Or.e Yeoman, Tolps Jyjhi E.qs I 5 Tl>f oc tOje patent State- Three Grooms ( Tkmx rural!, of the Robes, c Gilbert Spi 'r.ar ,„ ( Robert Rri/htl., One Page, Join Wirie- Two Purveyors. One BrulTicr, Thom EoAgih. One Taylor. One Dyer. OneGirdlcr.. One.Clerk. One faccman, richerd Tjmp.' One Gutter and Racer. Two Embroiderers.. TwoSilkmen. One- Shoomakerr IfenLlI. One Perfumer. One Feather-maker. Zieford Chafe ,. One Milliner, George Titrr.ir. Or.c Merccrj Nicholas Founds. One h'oncr, Tranii \iafmin ,. ' • One Drap-.r. One Surveyor, Or. Chirks Earl ofikir/oriMafler Falconer- Tfa mas Fehin and William Ci/^jici.Efqr, Deputies*- Thefc have fcveral Olficcrs under them about Ionian, and other places,, belonging to the King,, in all thirty three. Hnntfmen-for the Buck-hounds in Ordinary,. Jolt! Cary Efq; Mafler of the Privy Buck-hounds,, and under him >a Sergeant, Jobn^Eruch, and. lhirty .four other perfons,;; • • ! Otter-hound's, Sham j»/rllifq; hfafler of the: Otter-hounds. Huntfmen for the Harriers, Mailer of theffitr*- Tiers, Mr. Ellhj, aad.-Five under him. Armory; 0ft ENG LA N D* I79 1 Armoiyof the Tower, Mailer of the Ord- nsnccj Lieutenant of thc.Ordnancc, and Mailer Anrolcr, and feventecn under Officers, ice the iccond Pan of this Book. Mcll": tigers of the Camber inOrdinary,Firlf, two Clciksof the Check, Robert Ftrr and I vii- fc'sGrffici'j.tbcn forty more; in all, forty two, Mafitlar,' in Ordinary, lixty two, which arc racked in thefe three degrees, vie. Private Mulick, Wind Mulict, and e-l Violins. Of all which, as alfo of the Infirumental Mu¬ fti: of the Chappei, NictolM S:.tcghi Eq; is • Maffir. Trumpeters in Orffinary, and Kettle-Drum¬ mers, in all fifteen; ofwhomG«rv.wPr;fifcfi£ is the Sergeant Trumpeter. Drummers and Fifes, feven. Join MjugriJg! Drum-Major- Apothecaries two, one for the Klrps Pe. :ot, jikCbifi Bq; and one fi,r thc Hojfnold, jya-t tSo. TO i&efeitt state- . Printers three, Cburlei Bill Efq; Thomu Newcomb Senior, Eli], Hem) Hills Senior, Efq; Another for die Otientd Tongue, Captain Jr mud \o)cro[t. Bookbinder, Scmuel Mem Eookfelkr, l{icforJ Jtypa. Silkman, Wiliim Goflkg. Woollen-Draper, Junes Smiibsbj. Taylors two, Gratim, foknHuy.s, PoR-MaRcr-Genera! is the Earl of Arlitgtu , whodcpurcsPoR-mflRers forallthePoR-Towis in England , and arc all fworn to, and paid by the King. A MaRerof the Game of Cock-fighting. One Sergeant Skinner, Robert .Vet.'ER]; who hatli the care of his Majeilics Furrs. Two Embroiderers, Mr. !{u:lUg, and- Two Keepers of the Privy-Lodging. Two Gentlemen,, and one Yeoman of tin- Bows. OneCrofs-Bow Maker, Mr. Emp. One. FJetchcr., 0r 1 of ENGLAND. tU One Cormorant-Keeper, Rtlyh Letkf. Two Gunfiniths, Mr. Shm, and Mr. Jefford. One Mailer and Marker of Tennis. One MiHrefi-SempUrcrs. One rcrlpcftive-Makcr. One Painter, or Pidlurc-drawer, John Kilty Lfquire. One Sergeant-Painter, Robert SireMr. One Limner, Mr Dixon. OncPiflnrc-Kccper, Mr- Henry Norrit . OneMaftcr-Fenccr, Mr, RichtrdCrijye. One Habcrdafhcr of Hats and Caps, Mr. Terry. One Comb-maker. One Silvcrfmith. One Goldfmitk, Sit Robert Finer One Jeweller, Mr. Le Goa.. One Peruque-maker- One Keeper of Phearants and Turkies. Jevr.cr, Mr. K^r.mrd: Copier ofPiflures, Mr. Dixon ; Watch-maker, -Rt'bert Seignior ; Cibinet-maker, Loekfmith of each, on'■ Game i5i €fie l^cfent state Game of the Bars and Bulls, one Mailer, Mr. Ja. Pivies, one Sergeant, one Yeoman. ’ Operator for the Teeth, Mr -Middleton. ColTcr bearers to the Back-ftairs, two. One Yeoman of the Zeajb. Mailer of the (large, Mr. John Warner. Watermen, (lx and forty,and four Pcntioncrs. 1 Upholder, Mr. Totvine ; Better-Carrier, Fo¬ reign Pod, of each cue. Officers belonging to Guidons, Bowling- Greens, Tennis-Courts, Pall Mall; fen Perfe Keeper cf the Theatre in whitebait, Mr. Jin Clarke. Sword-Cutler, Mr. Join mn^ooi •, Girdlcr, Mr. G'airvh ; Corn-cutter, Stt[ben -- Button-maker, of each one. EmbolTer, Ennamelcr, one of each. Writer, Flourilbcr, and Embclliflyr, Gum Stenographer, c^D figr-crofProlpcfls, X-etter-Founder, of each one. Gunner, Gilder, Clcanfcr of Piftures, Mr, Walton-, Scene-keeper, CofTcr-makc*, VVa» Chandler, one of each. Colfee-makcr, Mr, JlcxaiJer Man. ifCCJUT [ Of ENGLAND. 183 Keeper of Birdsand Fowl in St. Jmis's PArk., jfofci'l nib. ' . Goffc Club-maker, PnvidGijhers. With diver? other iOfficersand Servants un¬ der the Lord Chamberlain, to ferve His Majelly upon extraordinary occafions and fcrvices. ,Y(ik, That many of thefc Offices.and Places, ere of good Credit, great Profit, and enjoyed hyper font ofQuality, although not here Ha¬ ired,. for want of good information.. A Clje pjcfciitstate i?4 A Lift of His Majefties Officers and Servants , under the Mafter of the Horfe , or Commiffiontrs ext- eating that Place.. F Irft, There are u Querrics, To called from the French word Efcuyer, derived from Ej- cury, 2 Stable. Their Office is to attend the King on Hunting or Progrcfs; or on any occafion of Riding abroad to help his Majc/iy up and down from his Horfe; (jc. Of thefe there are four called Qierria of the Crovsr.-Slable, and the other Querries aitht Hunting-Stables. Their Nantes are $oln Mazine E% David Armorer Efq; Gilbert Eaglet Efq; Houghton Morgan Efq;' Henry Trcgers Eft|; Nicholas Armorer Kt, Charles Adderky Kt. Aryan Fairfax Efq; Eoget Pofe Efq; Egbert Pye Kt. Edmond Windham Efq; Thomas Finer Efq; The Fee to each of thefe, is only 10 1. \ ear¬ ly. according to the antient culiom ; but they have allowance for Diet to each 100 /. veaily, befidts Lodgings, and two Horfe Livelier | of ENGLAND; iSj Next is the Chief Avenir, from Avem, Oats, \ JoJeph Cugg Efq; whofc yearly Fee is 40/. all | the places following are in the gift of the Mi- I jicr of the Hor[e. There is moreover one Clerk of the Stable, John Skills Efq; Eight Yeomen Purveyors ar.d Granitors of John Potency. Anthony J{cto. Therm Paper, John Cmoling. Thoms Mediicott.. Arthur Poxoell. ThomM Joyner, ben 7 Min, Four Yeomen Riders, four Child-Riders, Yeomen of the Stirrup, Sergeant-Marlha), and Ycomcn-Farricrs, four Groom-Farriers, Scr* gcants of the Carriage, three Surveyors, a Squire, and Yeomen Sadlers, a Yeoman Peek- man , a Yeoman Bitmaker, four Coachmen, eight Littermen, a Yeoman of the Clofc Wag¬ gon, lixty four Grooms of the Stable, whereof thirty are called Grooms of the Croton-Stihle, and thirty four of the HuntingznA Pid-Stihle, twen¬ ty (ix Footmen in their Liveries, to run by the King’s Horfe. Amhrofe Norton Efq; Surveyor of the Meufe. There is ( befides fome other Officers, not ■ here named) an antient Ofeer in the King’s Houlhold, called Clerk, of the Mirkft, who within *s6 Cf)c p?efeitt State wifhin the Verge of the King’s Houfhold, is | ( keep a Standard of all Weights and Mtafmt., and to burn all falfc Weights and Meafures; a from the pattern of this Standard, are to bet ken all the Weights and Meafures of thcKir*. dora. There arc divers other Officers belonging n the King, of great importance, which arc m fubordinate to any the three fore-mcnikwi Grettt Officers, as Mafler tf the Great Waring Tofi-Majier, Mtfler cf the Oriear.ce, tfirdtij the Mint: whereof in the Second Part of ft Prefient State. In the Court of King James, there were e ■ y more Offices, and to many Offices there V. longed many more perfons, which Kingffhrh the Firft much lelTened, and the prefent Kig now Reigning hath yet Icffencd much more. Upon the King are-alto attendingin his Coal the Lords of thcPrivv-Council, Secretaries c: State, the Reverend Judges, the Learned Cef ledge of Civilians, the King’s Council at La*, thcKing's Sergeants at Law, the Mailers of Rt- quells, Clerks of the Signet, Clerks of tis Council, Keeper of the. Paper-Office, or Pi¬ pers of State, fjrc. of all whom, takcthcO talogu: following. Ik of ENGLAND. 187 fhe Nmes of the Lords and others of His Majejhes Mo[t Honour die frivy-Council. H I S qSfW Highnefs Prince typert. Wittirn Lord Archbifliop ofCnterhurj. Her,age Earl ohNotthghm, Lord Chancel¬ lor of Srghui. John Earl of Editor, Lord Prefident. Arthur Earl of Angkfiy, Lord Privy S:3h Chriflopher Duke of Allemtrh. ftarjDukc of News file. John Duke of Ltuderduk. I fines Duke of Ormond, Lord Steward of His iMajdKcs Houfhold. Chirks Lard Marquefs of Winckfhtt, Hmj Lord Marquefs of Wrntfcr. Htnrj Earl of Arlington, LooUEliamberlaiu,. Auberp Earl of Oxford. John Earl of Bridgvsiter. Philip 188 Clje pjefent State Philip Ear! of Cheflerfald. Hem) Earl of Clarendon. John Earl of Bath. Ceorge Ear! of Halifax. Edward Earl of Conway, one of His Majcflq Principal Secretaries of start, Bohen Earl of Aik shut). Thoms Lord Yifcount Eaulccnkrg, Laurence Lord Vilcount Hide of Kjnnelmi Hemp Lord Bilhop of London. Daniel Lord Finch. Sir Francis North, Lord Chief Jufiicc oft!; Common Fleas. Her.rj Coventry Efq; Sir Leciine Jenhjns Kt. Principal'Secrctarye State. Sir John Ernie Chancellor of the Exchequer. Sir fakrt Carr, Chancellor of the Dutchyc Laneafier. Sir Thomas Chichley, Edward Seymour Efq; Sidney Goiolphin Eli]; flf ENGLAND. i The certain Council-Days are Wednefdajt and jf r jijjs in the Mornings, except in Term-time* End then ’tis in the Afternoons: And when the Court is at Windfor , his Majcfly does for the bod part appoint the Council to meet at Ham- I m-Court on Tkurfiajs: But for the more cade lifpatch of Bufinefs, they have thought fit to pivide themfelvcs into divers Standing Commit¬ tees; three whereof to be a Quorum, and to bectasoftenasthcypleafe. Where note, that phe Lord Chancellor, Lord Prcfident, Lord Pri¬ vy Seal, and -two Secretaries, arc of all Com- Tbe Commit tee for Intelligence . Lord Chamberlain. Earl of Halifax. .Mr. Cmntrj. Lord Hyde. The Committee for. Ireland. Duke of lauderdtle. Lord Chamberlain. Earl of Bridgwater. Earl of Chejlerjield. Earl of Clarendon. Earl i go cijc parent state Earl of Aiksburj. Earl ofCrtven. Lord Vifcouflt Hiic. Mr. Covmtrj ; Sir Robert Car. Mr. Sejnovr. The Committee for Tangier. The Duke of Albemarle. Marquefs of w'mcheficr. Lord Chamberlain. £arl of BriJgwttcr. Earl of Bttb. Earl of HtlUftx '. Lord Crtven■ Lord Vifcount Ftifltnier# Mr. Cevntrj. Sir Them Cbicbhfi P Of E N <* L A N D. iyi fk Committee for Trade and Fo¬ reign Plantations. Duke of Albcmile. Duke of Lmderdik. Duke of Otmnd. Harquefs of rrinckjkr. Margucfs of Wtrcefler. Lord Chamberlain. Ear! of Bridgmter. Earl of Ckfterfitld. Earl of Ckrtndon. Earl of Atlesburj. Earl of Crtm. Earl of Btllifnx. Lord VifcoiHit Ftumberg. Lord Vifcount Bide. Lord Bilhop of -Luton, Mr. Coventtj. Sir John Ernie. Sir HoberijCm. 192 . C&e parent state And the Tame Commmittee is alfo to f.ake in¬ to Coafidcration the Affairs of Jer/e;, Guerntsy and thofe little Illands depending thereon. The Clerks of the Council are, Sir John Nicholas Knight of the Bath ; who it alfo Keeper of thcRccordsof the Council, Sir Philip Lloyd Kt. Sir Thomas Voleman Kt. Francis Guynn Efq; The Clerks of the Council ExtrM' dinury are, William Bridgman D'j; Wiliiam Blathmaite Efq; Bjchard Ccling tfqj Their Clerks for doing the Bufnefj are, Mr. fobi Gauntlet , who is alfo.undcr Keeper of the Records of the Council Mr. Edward Lloyd. Mr. Henry Ball. Mr. Philip Madox. Keepers of the ComuUlh'mher . Mr. Benjamin Coleirg, Mr. Nathaniel Cox. Jr It. fobn Cox Depufr/. ft of ENGLAND. The pnfent Principal Secretaries of State are, S I R Leoline fenkjns Knight, a Perfon ofgrcat Abilities, andluccefsful Negotiations: par¬ ticularly at the late Treaty at Nimtguen, where lie was his Majeliies Plenipotentiary, and at his return, had this Honour and Trull conferred up- And the Right Honourable Edward Earl of Corny, who for his known Experience and A- bilitics, fucceeded the Right Honourable the Earl of Sunderland in that Great Place of Secre¬ tary of State. Their chief Secretaries under them are. Cocks Efq; Secretary to Sir Isolin: Eranch Cujnn Efq; Secretary to the Earl of Conwy. The Maftcrs of Requefis are, Sir Charier Coucrel. Tkmu Five) Efq; Sir WiLiam Glafcock. Charles Moth) Eiq; Clerks of the Signet are, Sir Philip Warwick Sir ?.•<•» Mekola.' X S-.in, ®Se P?erent state Sidney Betre Efq; Mcbola Morris Efq; Their Clerks for the Bufinefs of the Office are, Mr. John GaaUtt. ■ Mr. Robert Williimfon. Mr. George Wooddefon, Mr. John Tench- Clerks of the Privy-Sal arc, Sir Chirks Bickerfitffe. sfames Mittbemes Efq; Tbonut Vitkins Efq; John Ricbiris Efq; Their Clerks for dirpatch of Bufincfs arc, Mr. Robert Williimfon- Mr. Henry Vitkins. The Keeper of the Piper-Office , or Papers of State at Wbiteksl, is Sir Jofepb Williimfon, Sir Samuel Morlini is Mailer of the Mechi- nicks. of ENGLAND. *9S The chief Courts of Judicatory. In the High Court of Chancery. H Eneage Lord Finch, Baron of Daventry, Earl of Nottingham, Lord High Chancel¬ lor of England. Sir ffarhcttle Grimfione Baronet, Matter of the Rolls. The Mafiers of Chancery arc, SirrtomiJ Eaficourt. Sir John Cecil. Sir Timothy Baldwin, Doftor of Laws. Sir William Beverjham. Sir Edward Low, Dodtor of Law*. Sir Samuel Clarke. Sir William Lacon Child. Sir Miles Cooke. Sir John Franklin . Sir John Hoskins. Sir Adam Otley. Two of thefe Matters of Chancery arc al¬ ways to attend the Lord Chancellor, and the Mailer of the Rolls upon the Bench in Court. The Six Clerks of Chancery are, Matthew Tinder Efq; Matthew Bluck. Efq; V i Sir Cfie l&efent State Sir Edward Abney. William Ftrkins Efq; Stem Bridges Efq; Fobcrt Marjkam Efq; hi the Court of KJngs Bench. Sir F unit Pemberton, Lord Chief Jufliccof the King’s Bbich. Sir Timers Jones. Sir William Doiben. Sir Tima Raymond. In the Court of Common Pleas. Sir Funds North, Lord Chief Jufticc of tk Common Pleas. Sir Hugh Windham. Sir Job Chirlton. Sir Crejwel Levinze. In the Court of the Exchequer. The Honourable Willim Mount ague Efq; Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer. Sir Edmri Atkins. Sir WiBiam Gregory. Sir Thomas Streete. Crayley, Curfitor Earon. Thefc arc all the Principal Judges in EngUtl, vho to the King’s high Honour, and the King¬ doms great Happinefs, are Pcribr.s of Know; ledge, Courage, Uncorruptnefs, (Jr. equal, if not fuperior, to any other in former Kings Reign. fit of ENGLAND.' ip; The Kjn£s Sergeants and Learned Council in the Law. S I R John Maynard, the King’s Principal Ser¬ geant at Law. Mr Robert Sawyer, the King’s Attorney-Ge¬ neral. The Honourable Heritage Finch, lcconil Son to the Right Honourable Heneage Earl of Not- tirghtm, the King’s Sollicitor-Gcncral. Sir Samuel Baldwin, "| Sir George Strode, [ I ir fob i Sympfon, Sir George Jefferies, His Majeftics Serge- Sir limit Harder, ? ants at Law. Sir Packard Stole, I Sir Thomas Stringer, J Sir Robert Wright, J Sir JohnTrevor, hisMajcftiesCouncil Learned in the Law. Sir John Otway, his Majcfties Council Learn¬ ed in the Law. Sir Francis Withins, his Majeftics Council Learned in the Law. Sir william Scroggs, his Majeftics Council Learned in the Law. The gheen-Conforts Council at Law. Sir James Sutler, the Queens Attorney-Ge¬ neral. Sir Thomas Hanmer, the Queens Solicitor, and i.is Majeftics Council Learned in the Law. K i The tE&e Went State The Duke of York’* Council. Sir John Churchill, his Majefties Council Learned in the Law. Charles Porter Eli]; Solicitor. A Lifi of all the prefent Sergeants at Law. Sergeant f Says. Parker. | Sir pi char a Hopkins. ' Barton. , Goodfellow. Sir pi chard Crooke. ' Sir Therm Skifmith. ' Wt- parol ins. \ pjehari Hallomy. Sir John Sham. Weft. : Stanton.' J piebardfen. i Manley, 1 Waller. Sir Nicholas Wilmott. Turner. Sir John HrneB. Coniers. Sir Nicholas Pedley. Sir Ppbert Shsfto. Sir Thomas Hole. Sir pohert Baldock, Thomas Stroude. Hampton. Walcott. Bigland. . Buckley. Tit of ENGLAND. 19 9 Tk Names-of the Chief Judges and Doctors of the Civil Law. S IR Robert Wifemn, Doftor of Laws, Judge of tk- ArchcsCourt, and Vicar General in tlic Province of Canterbury. Sir Leoline fnkins, Dodtor of Laws, Judge both of die Admiralty and of the Pierogativc Courts and one of the Principal Secretaries of State. Sir Themes Exton , Doctor of Laws, his Mt- jedics Advocate General, and Chancellor to the Lord liilhop of London. Sir L{icbui Lloyd, DtxSior of Laws. A'h ocate General to the Lord High Admiral . f r card. Chancellor to the Lord Bdhop of Dwi.nn, ar.d to the Lord Bilhop of Lindeffe. JoknP;t)s, Dodtor of Laws. Sir Timothy Bildwin, Doftor of Laws, one of the Malicrs m Chancery, and Chancellor to d c Lord Bilhop of Hereford, and to the Lord Ei- fhop of Worcester. henry Aivcortb, Doftor of Laws, and Chan* ccllor to the Lord liilhop of Oxen- Thornes Bouchier, Doflor of Laws. Edwerd Mtfter, Doftor of Laws, and Clian- ccllor to the Lord Bilhop of Exon. George Wekf, Dodior of Laws. Sir Edit Leighton, Doftor of Laws. Sir Ed-nird Lowe , Doaor of Laws, one cf the Matters in Chancery, and Chancellor to the Lord Bilhop of Serum. Wcbitm Trumbull, Doftor of Laws, and Chan¬ cellor to the Lord Bilhop of l{ocbeJler. K / Henry aco C&eJ&ereutSMtc Henry Falconberg, Dodtor of Laws. Thomas Pinfold, Dodtor of Laws, and Cham) bcrlain to the Lord Bifliop of Peterburg. Rjchiti pities, Dodtor of Laws. Thoms Briggs, Dodtor rf Laws, and Chard ccllor to the Lord Bifhopof Chichejier. Wiliam Old)S, Dodtor of Laws. Hebert Thomson, Dodtor of Laws, Secretary to the Lord Archbifhop of Canterbury, and Ma¬ tter of the Faculties. William Fojkr, Dodtor of Laws. Charles Perrot, Dodtor of Laws. John Editbury . Dodtor of Laws. Jofeph Taylor, Dodtor of Laws. jofepb Harvey, Dodtor of Laws. Charles Hedges, Dodtor of Laws. Charles Davenant, Dodtor of Laws, Stephen Pryce, Dodtor of Laws. William Howell, Dodtor of Laws, ChanceUci to the LcrdBidiop of Lincoln. Hubert Pepper , Dodtor of Laws, Chancellor to the Lord Bilhop of Norwich. Henry Newton, Dodtor of Laws. George Oxendcn, Dodtor of Laws* John St. John, Dodtor of Laws. OfENGLAND. 201 The KJNG's own Troop of Guards , Commanded by his Grace C.hrifto- pher Duke of Albemarle, &c. Tiie Captain and Colonel. By thei: Comroiflions. R JndslfhEgemn Efq; for-q merly a Major-General I in his M a jellies Service. Mr. Edvard fillers, cldell Son ! lieutenants to the Lord Viliount Gran- ; &Lieutcnant Him. Colonels, HJ mud Afiton Efq; | Bimrd Griffin Efqi J Ctoles Lord Scr\lq. -Cornet and Major. Hictard Binncs Efq; late a Major in? Guidon and the Queens Regiment of Horfc. J Major. Stephen Dytt Efq; Quanermaftcr and Captain, Dr. parties Gardiner, .Chaplain. Kulaniel Hubard Efq;.Chyrurgeon. ir^ZkinE^ 5 There are alfo Four Gentlemen, who Gem¬ med a: Off.c is, bat Lave noCoi:iffii.?...n3. K 5 Edward 2ca . tljz parent State Edmrd Symmet. Hebert Nowell. Thomas Wilford. Thomas Gay. }Sub-Corporals, [ Or ^Sub-Brigadiers. Walter Nanlriglt Kettle-Drummer. Hugh Fijher, Benyimin Ragois. William Morriee. Albion Thomson, Richard Dalton E% Clerk of the Troop, ^ Trumpeters. lit of ENGLAND. 203 '[he QUEENS Troop of His Mx- jtjhts Guards, Commanded by the Honourable Sir Philip Howard. The Captain and Colonel. By their Commidlons; Sir Gt-tge Iuw)t Kt. Sir [obr, F'xmck,, formerlyC lieutenants. & a Uripaelicr, and Colonel' Li.utenant- of a Regiment of HorfeV Colonels, in Fliniers. J Civles Or by Efq; formerly Lieu- - tenant-Colonel to Sir 3obr,2 Cornet and Ti’bot's Regiment of Dra- r Major, goons. j Mr. John Dirty, elded Sob to 7 Guidon and Cmitrs Lord Cormiers, J Ma;or. HIDin UpttEfq; formerly Quartemader a Captain of Horfc under V ^nd the late Duke of Aibemirlc a in His Majedies fcrvicc. •’ Captain, Mr. Benjamin Fines , • - * Chaplain. Ut.JtibnTmsbeekf » Chyrurgeon. *o4 f&e parent State George CollingnOodECq; Edmrd Watfon Efq; ) Join Stifles, formerly Cap-C Brigadiers and tain of the Queens Troop off Lieutenants. Granadiers. \ Join CkitkimEfq} J Richard Seal. Richard Potter. Sichsrd Sariant. $chn Watfon. Sub-CorporaJi I'tanois Steban Kettle-Drummer. Simon Seal William Sountj. Hicbatd Dean. Wiliam SttU. Philip jipres Efq; | Trumpeters. Clerk of the Troop His Of ENGLAND. 205 . Hu Royal Highnefs the DUKES Troop of HU Maj files Guards , Commanded by the Right Honou¬ rable Louis Earl of Feverfham, late One of the Lieutenant-Gene¬ rals of the New Raifed Forces , and Colonel of the Royal Regi went of Dragoons. The Captain and Colonel. By their CommiffionsJ T) Ohert Wtrkn, late a Brigadier 1 ]\. in the new raifed Forces, and formerly a Colonel of a Re- I Lieutenants gisnent of Horfe , and now ! and Comptroller of his Royal High- f Licutenant- nefs’s Houfhold. Colonels. Thopbilm Ogktborp, late Major to | the Royal Rcgim. of Dragoons. J Jfbilip Darcy, fecond Son to the? Cornet and Lord Coniers. S Mayor. Edmttid May*e, formerly Maior to the Duke of Monmouth' s Regi¬ ment of Horfe in Fra*ce, and af¬ ter Lieutenant-Colonel to the fame Regiment her$ in Er.glani. 206 » l&efent State Ferdinando Stanhope, late a Cap- - ) Quarter- tain of a Troop of Horfc in his ; mailer aod Royal Highnefles Regiment, j Captain. Mr. Willim Foils. Chaplain James Farce Efq; Chynirgcon. Willim Springall Efq; Ambrose Norton Efq; George Hillings E q; Thomas HsU Efq; Brigadiers and Lieutenants. J The Sub-Brigadiers, or Sub-Corporals, are Henry ^inborn. Jerkin Morgan. Join Hearn. Thoms Wood. Cotnelm Funders Enie. Kettle-Drummer, John Joy. -v John Seignior. Y _ Peter XrW < Trumpeters, Willim Gamboys. Junes Bridge mar. E'q; Clerk of the Troop. NicfolM Jobnfor. Efq: is Paymafler-General of all his Majellies Guards andGarifons. Mr. Foger Heroytt Clerk. Matthew lock, Efq; Secretary at War. Captain John Staples, Adjutant-General of all the Horfc. Walter Baker Efq; Marital General of all the Horfe- Each Of ENGLAND. Each ofthcfe three Troops is divided into four Squadrons orDivifions; Two of which confift- ing of One Hundred Gentlemen, and commanded by one Principal Commiflion’d Officer, two Bri¬ gadiers, and two Sub-Brigadiers, with two Trumpets, mount the Guard one day in fix, and are relieved in their turns. Their duty is al¬ ways by parties from the Guard, to attend the pcrl'on of the King, the Queen, the Duke, and the Dutchcfs, wherefoever they go near home; but if out of Town, they arc attended by de¬ tachments out of the three Troops. Bclidcs this, there is a more drift duty and attendance weekly on the King’s Perfon on foot, wherefoever he walks, from his Rifing to his going to Bed ; and this is performed by one of the three Captains, who always waits immedi- diatciy next to the Kings own Perfon, before all ethers, carrying in his hand an Ebony Staff or Truncheon, with a Gold Head, engraved with his Majefties Cypher and Crown: Near him al¬ io attends another principal Commilfion’d Offi¬ cer, with an Ebony Staff and Silver Head, who i steady to relieve the Captain on occalions; and at the fame time alfo two Brigadiers, having likewife Ebony Staves, headed with Ivory, and Engraven as the others. There was lately added a Troop of Grenadiers to each Troop of Guards, one Divifion of which, mounted with a Divifion of the Troop to which they belonged; they never went out on fmall parties from the Guard, only did perform Cen- try-duty on foot, and attend the King alfo on foot, whenhcwalkt abroad, butalways marcht with great detachments; which three Troops of Grenadiers were disbanded with the late Army. 2oS £Ije Pjcftnt state The Pay of the [aid Guards of Ho ft is os folloiveth, viz. T Hc Duice of Albimsrk’ s Pay as Captain of the faid King’s Troop of Guards, is i /. tor. per diem, The other two Captains, viz. Sir Philip Howard, the Earl of Fcverfiam, their Pay is to each 1 1. per diem. A Lieutenants Pay of the Guards is ip i. per diem. A Cornets Pay of the King’s Troop is 14 r. per diem. Of each of the other two Troops is 13 s. per diem. A Guidons Pay is nr. per diem. A Quartcrmaliers Pay is 9 r. per diem, A ©laplains Pay is 6 s. 8 d: per diem. A. Chyrurgeon 6 r. and his Cheli-Horfe 2 j. it in all 8 r. per diem. A Brigadiers, or Corporals Pay of the King’s Troop is 7 r. per diem. Of each of the other two Troops is e s. per diem, A Trumpeter and Kettle-Drummer, each is 5 s. per diem. A Sub-Corporal, or Sub-Brigadiers Pay, is but equal to a Gentleman of the Troop, viz, 4 r. per diem. The Pay of the Granadkrs ofMorfe, rvas as folloaeth. A Captain of the Granadicrs Pay was 12 r. per diem. Lldcjl Lieutenants Pay was 3 1. per diem. 209 Of ENGLAND. Voiingcft Lieutenant 6 s. fer dim. A Sergeants Pay was 3 s. per dim. A Corporals Pay Drummers, and a Hautboy, was each is. 6 d. per dim. A private Soldiers Pay was :r. per dim. As to the precedency of the refpeftive Offi¬ cers of his Majellies Guards of Horl'c, by their Commifihsns, the Captains always Command as ckicll Colonels of Horfe ; the Lieutenants as elded Lieutenant-Colonels of Horfe; The Cor¬ nets and Guidons, as elddf Majors of Horfe; the Qua'.tcrmailcrs, as youngeft Captains of Horfc; the Brigadiers, aselded Licutcnan's of Horfe; andamongltthemfclvcs, every Officer, accord- ding to the date of his Commiffion, when on Detachments, but not when the three Troops march with their Colours, for then the Officer cf the eldeft Troop commands thofc of equal rank with him in the others, though their Com- miifionsbe of elder date. Next immediately after the three Troops of Guards, hisMajefties Regiment of Horfe, Com¬ manded by the Right Honourable Autry Earl of Oxford, takes place, and the Colonel of it is to have precedency, after the Captains of the Guards, and before all other Colonels of Horfe, whatfoever change may be of the Colonel, and all the Officers thereof, in their proper degree, arc to take place according to the dates of their Commiffions. As to the Foot, the King’s Regiment of Guards, Commanded by the Honourable Colo¬ nel ffobnUujfcl, takes place of all other Regi¬ ments , and the Colonel thereof is always to precede as the firft Colonel, The Coldftrearu Regiment, 210 €!je parent State Regiment, under the Command of the Right He nourablc WiU'un Earl of Craven, takes the mi place. His Royal HighncflTes Regiment next in- mediately after. Then his Majcfties Hollmifo, giment, Commanded by the Earl cf Muiguv:, and all other Colonels, according to the date, of their Commiilions. All other Regiments of Horfe or Foot, no! of the Guards, take place according to their rt- fpeftivc fenioritv, from the time they wcrcfirll railed, and no Regiment loofes its precedency, by the death of its Colonel. Of of ENGLAND. Of the Gentlemen Penfioners. A T home within the King’s Houfc it is thought fit, that the King’s Pcrfon fliould have a Guard, both above and below flairs. In the Prefence-Cbamber therefore wait the Ho¬ nourable Band of Genllcmeit-Penfoners , firfl in- llituted by King Henry the Seventh, andchofen ufually, in all times finec, but of the beft and mod antient Families of England, not only for a faithful Guard to the King's Pcrfon, but to be as a Nurfery to breed up hopeful Gentlemen, and fit them for Imployments both Civil and Mi¬ litary, as well abroad as at home, as Deputies of Ireland, Ambafljdors in Foreign parts, Coun- fellors cf State, Captains of the Guard, Gover¬ nors of Places, and Commanders in the Wars, both by Land and Sea; of all which, there have been examples, as George Lord Hunfitn, Captain of the Penfioricrs, at the death of Queen Eli¬ zabeth, intimated in a Letter to King James, be¬ fore he came to England. Their Office is to attend the King's Pcrfon to and from his Chappel, only as far as the Privy Chamber; alfo in all other Solemnities, astj- ronilms, Publicl^Auiience of Ambajfaiors, &c. They arc forty in number, over whom there is a Captain, ufually fomc Peer of the Realm, a Lieutenant, a Standard-bearer, and a Clerk of the Circle, who arc at prefent as followcth. Xhe CJje t^efciit State 212 The B A N D of Gcntkmen-hn. [toners. R obert EjtI of Scarfdale, Captain, looa I, Francis Hitlers Elq; lecoiul Ton to tfc: Lord Vilcount Graudifon, Lieutenant, 500/. Sir Nicolas Slannitg Knight of the Bath, aid Baronet, Standard-Bearer, ;io I. william Thomas L;q; Clerk of the Cheque, Thomas Hilts Elq; Sir Thomis /{owe. Sir Wiliam Confer, Jntbovy Gillie] Efq; Hugh Teynt Elq; Sir John Kftrke,. John Weft Elq; Sir Robert Dicres. Thoms Shot ter lien Elq; fyger Cdnysb) Efq; Charles Bret Efq; Abraham Clarke Efq; John Hubbert Efq; John Weft Efq ; William Aftton Efq; John Brener Efq; John Barnard Efq; Walter Baker Efq; George Farington F.fq; Ednari Counlcf Efq; Chirks Goftnick, Efq; Ednari Glynn Efq; Sir- Gerrari Dutton Fleetwood, Thomas Francis Efq; fiar.iel firccmi Efq; Thoinst 813 Of ENGLAND. Thomas Edmonds Efq; Sir Therm JQteveton, Baronet. Chirks Cludd; Efq; Chrijhpber Turner Efq; Henry Needier Efq; I! Vi mm Rowley E!q; Edvard Maynard Efq; John Kjng Efq; Trier Co«tElq; Ji.hr. Ejlcourt Efq; Lmelct Leake Efq; Ethers I{u[fell Elq; Edmond Windham Efq; Willis Efq; inw™« Efq; Fee to each of thefe ioo /. yearly. Ejchird Child Gentleman Harbinger, to pro- vile Lodgings for them, and to affifi the Clerk of the Checks in his abfence, as his Deputy, Ids Fee 70/. yearly. All the Band and Officers are fworn by the Clerk of the Checque, (except the Captain) for which he hath a Fee of y 1. 10 s. The Band wait half at a time quarterly; thefe that arc in quarter wait daily, Five at a time, tpon the King, in the Houfc, and when lie walks abroad. Upon extraordinary occafionsallof them arc liromoned. Their ordinary Arms arc Gilt Pole-axes. '4 €Ije parent State Their Arms on Horfcback in time of War, arc Cuiraffiers, Arms, with Sword and Piliols] The Band of Penfioncrs is not under the Lori Chamberlain, but only under their own Offi¬ cers, and are always fworn by the Clerk of the Cheque ; whofc Office is to take notice ufthole that are abfent, when they ihould be upon their Duty. Their Standard born in time of War, is, A Crofi Gules in a Field Argm, alfo Four Bettis. 01 of ENGLAND. 21S Of the Teomn of the Guard. A Gain, In the firft Room above Stairs, called the Guard-Chamber, attend the Teomcn of it; Guard of Hit Majejlies Body ; whereof there ncre wont to be two hundred and fifty Men, of the belt quality., under Gentry, and of larger ftature than ordinary, (for every one of them uas to be fix foot high) there arc at prefent me hundred Yeomen in daily waiting, and Se¬ venty more not in waiting; and as any one of the one hundred fhall die, his place to be filled up out of the Seventy, Thcle wear Scarlet Coats down to the knee, and Scarlet Breeches, both richly guarded with Black Velvet, and rich Badges upon their Coats, before and behind. Moreover, Black Velvet round broad crowned Caps, (according to the mode ufed in the Reign of ‘Henry the Eighth) with Ribands of the King’s Colour; One half of them of late bear in their Hands Harquebuzcs, and the other half Parti- jants, with large Swords by their fidcs. They have Wages and Diet allowed them. Their Office is to wait upon the King in his (larding Houfo, Forty by day, and Twenty to watch by night ; about the City, to wait upon the King’s Pcrfon abroad, by Water or Land. The Officers of the Teomen of His Ma- je[ties Guards, are George Lord VKcount Gratdifon, Captain. Utmu Howard Efq; Lieutenant, Henry *16 €fje parent ©tnte Hetty Butter,-Coh Efq; Enfign. Clearies Hillers, third Son of the Lord Yif count Grandifon, Clerk of the Cheek. Captain William Houghton, Captain Roger Gardner, V Exempts o; John Fovmey Elq; x Corporals, Thoms Hervjtt, Efq; s loo Yeomen. The Xjrg's Palace- Royal, (Ratione Regia Pij. miatii) is exempted from all Jurifdidlion ofan; Court, Civil, orEcdefiaflical, but only to the Lord Steward, and in his abfence, to the Tits- furer and Comurolhr of the King’s Hcufiold, with tie Steward the Marjhatfey, who may, by vir¬ tue of their Office, without Commiffion, hear and determine ali Treafms, Felonies, Breachetif the Peace, committed within the King’s Court to Palace. The mol? excellent Orders and Rules for the Demeanor and Carriage of all Offi'ers and Scrvar.es r f he King’s Court, arc to be f:.n in feveralTaniw-s, hung up infeveral Room; at the Court, and Signed with the Ki:g’s own Hand, and worthy to be read of all Stra. gen, The King's Court or Houfe, where the King rclidcth, is accounted a place fofacrcd, that if any Man prefume to ffrike another within the Talace, where the King's Royal Terfon refiJetb, and by fitch a liroke only draw Bl ,od, hi, Right Handlliall bcliricken off, and he committed to perpetual imprifonment, ard fined. By the Antient Laws of Eiglatd, only linking in the King’s Court was pu.iiilied with death, and Ms of Goods. To of ENGLAND. 217 To make the deeper impreffion and terrour into Mens minds, for llriking in the %inp Court, it hath been ordered, that the punilhment for llriking fliould be executed with great foiemnity and ceremony, in brief thus: The Sergeant of the Kings Wooi-pri brings p to the place of Execution, a fquare Block, a Beetle, Staple, and Cords, to fallen the Hand a rj J„ thereto ; the Yeoman of the Scullery provides ^ 4 a great Fire of Coles by the Block, wherein the Scaring Irons, brought by the chief Farrier, arc to be ready for the chief Surgeon to ufe. Vi¬ negar and cold Water, brought by the Groom of the Sauecry ; the chief Officers alfo of the Cellar and Pantry, are to be ready, one with a Cup of Red Wine, and the other with a Man- chet, to offer the Criminal, after the Hand cut off, and the Stump feared 5 the Sergeant of the Ewry is to bring l.innen-to wind about, and wrap the Arm. Ti;c Yeoman of the Poultry, a Cock tolay to it; the Yeoman of thcChandry, feared Cloths; the Mailer Cooka IharpDrcfier- Knife, which at the place ofExccution, istob: held upright by the Sergeant of the Larder, till Execution be performed by an Officer appointed thereto, Cc. After all, fhail be iinprifoncd during life, and Fined, and Ranfomed at the Kings Will. In the King? Court, not only llriking is for¬ bidden, but alfo all occalions of llriking; and therefore the Law faith, Nulia Cimmes M Smmr.it ioues licet {score irfrs Vslitium «p.l ll'ejlm. -cel ilib'tubi i{ex refiJct, The Court of the King of England, for Mag¬ nificence, for Order, for Number, and Quali¬ ty of Officers, for rich Furniture, for Entcnain- L ment a,8 Cfle I3?efcnt'atate meet and Civility to llrangtn, for plentifulTj' blcs, might compare with the bell Court inCiri ll-nim and far excel mod Courts abroad; o one whereof fee the Defeription made by an in genious Perfon beyond Sea, writing to a Friend of his at Court there, Anr.on in inferno es mitt, qui -s in Auk ubi Pimonum htbititio eft, qui iilu [uUirubut, (kummi licet efaie) regnint, uli Scclerum Scholl eft, tf Anmirum jidmh gens, ic quicquid ufpiim eft perfidix ic diji,jw quid crudcliuw ic inckmcnM, quicquidegriti tx fuperbix npicis avaritix, quicqmd ebjccti libidinii ic ftdijjimx imfudicitix , quicqmd «• ' find* impietitis C? morum pefftmorum, totum ili icervim cumulnifftmc ; ubi ftupn , npius, it- celhi, iduherii-, ubi ir.ebriiri, jar ire, pejertr: Meifmum profited pihm principum CJ nohlm htdifur.f, ubififtuitf turn', in, hvorjdipu cupido cum picih [ui< impeure videtur-, ubi cm: turn omnium prccelh, vimtumque omnium incut ■ ribile niufrigium, C ic. hath been (and is hoped ever will be) account cd, as King (rawer advifeth, (in his BifuunDt- ten) a lkuern of Godtinefs, and all Honed) an: f'i'lue, the propcrell School of Promefs and He roick Pemcmor, and the fitted place of Edxt ticn, for the Nobtlil) and Gent-). The Court of Fnftind hath for a lotlg tilt been a Putem of IJofttuht) and Chritf, to th Pfobilii'i and Gentrj of Er.gknd. All Noblchier orGentlemen, Subjects or Strangers', that cam accidentally to Court, were freely ciitcrtaine at the plentiful Tables of his Majcllics Officer Divers services, or Mcllrs of.Meat, were ever da;, provided extraordinary for the King's He of ENGLAND. nour. Two hundred and forty Gallons of Beer a day were at the Buttery-Bar allowed for the Poor, bcfidcs all the broken Meat, Bread, fj c. gathered into Easkcts, and given to the Poor at the Court-Gates, by two Grooms, and two Yeomen of the Almonry, who have Salaries of hisMajcfiy for that Service. Moreover, the Lord Almoner before-men¬ tioned, hath the priviledge to give the Kirigs Dilh, to wliatfocvcr poor man he plcafes, that is, the firft Difh at Dinner which is fet upon the Kings Table ; or in Head thereof Four pence [cr diem, ( which antiently was cquivolent to 4 1. now.) Next he dillributcs to 14 poor men, nominated by the ParilTiioners of the Parifh ad¬ jacent to the Kings place of Refidencc, to each of them four pence in money, a two penny Loaf, and a Gallon of Beer; or in lica I thereof thr.e pence in money, equally to b„ divided among (hem every morning , at (even of the Clock at the Court-Gate, and every poor man before he receives the Alms is to repeat the Creed, and the Lords Prayer, in the prcfcncc i f one of the Kings Chaplains, deputed by lire Lord Almoner to be his Sub-Almoner, who alfo is to fcattcr new coyned Two-pcnccs in the Town? and Places where the King palLcs through i:l his progrefs, to a certain Sum by the year. Betides, there arc many poor Pcufiencrs to the King and Queen below Stairs, that is, l.ich as arc put to Pcnlion, cither becaufe they are fo old, that thev are unfit for Service, or clfc the Widow of fiich of his Majallics Houihold Ser¬ vants that died poor, and were not able to pro¬ vide for their Wives and Children in their life times: every one of thefe hath a competency duly paxj unto them. Lallly, there arc diflt!- j 20 TO l&cfcnt State buted amongft the poor the large Offerings •which the King gives oil Collar-days. r,\ c j The Magnificent and abundant plenty of th- Tiiics Kings Tables, hath caufid amazement in Foreig. ners; when they have been informed thatinthc lafi Kings Reign before the Troubles, when It Majefly had the Purveyances, there were daily in his Court S« Tables well ftirniliicd each Meal, whereof the Kings Table had iS Dilhes, th Queens :4; four other Tables, iUn-. jia and Magnificent.. •*sggsas££ c?there is reeled 40 °°° '• f" mm ‘ Tab<> gin therefore with the Icckftapcal ?crfons of Her Court. mthe: CJbriil^ M M»io a Dominican, is ^ Father Samel Ditz. Treafurer of the Chap- P There are two other Preachers, both Per- tU ElevenErancifcan Fryers. ^ Divers Perfons belonging to the Mu.tck of the Chappel, as wcll.Italians as Pertuguefes; and . Mailer of Mufitk, Jfe,Giww« to ufitDr^i. L 4 Of. 22 4 €lje Parent ©tatc Of the Civil Government of Her Majeflics Court. For the Government of Her Majcftics Reve¬ nue, there is a Council, confining of Pcrfons or great Worth and Dignity. The Iii^hdf Officer in Her Majcftics Court is the Lord (Juniberhin, the Right Honourable Zouii 1-srl of Feverjbim. Sir rsillum Xjhigrav Kt. Vice-Chamber¬ lain. The Fail of Arlington is Lord Steward of Her Majcftics Rcve-uc. irittim Viflount Brcunicr Chancellor, ar.d Keeper of Her Maj.ftirs Great Seal. The Right Honourable the Earl of Clitniot, Trcafiircr and Receiver-General Sir Junes Butler Attorney-General. Sir Tbmu Banner Sollicitor-Gcueral. HtnrjTbmtil!E( 7 Groom of the Stoic, Lady of the Robes, and Keeper of the Privy Purfe, is the Counters of /T hUs!cbitlme JO'%wKeeper of the Sweet Coders. Maids of. Honour. . Mrs. Starr. Mrs. Godolfbitt.- Mrs. Mien. Thefe are all to.be Gentlewomen Unmar¬ ried, over whom is placed a Govtrnefs, called the Mother of tbe Mtiis, who is.Mrs. — Nw[e. 7k QUEENS Drelfers. The. Lady Seilkgt Lady QlUgttto. Lady Fnzier. Mrs. tVindbim. Lady Cnrtmer .. Lady Tuhe. Mrs. Critic. Lady Wjcbe. Mrs. per. Mrs. sbelden. Mrs. Smd)s, Lady Syers. Thrrcarc divers offer Servant* a . Scmpftref, Starcher, N««flary 'A' om,n > or. Officers 228 Clje detent state Officers and Servants belonging to Her Mayflies Stables , are, Four Efcuryes, or Qucrries. tvillim wborrvood Efq; RjchttA Fowler Efq; Page of Honour,- Sayers Efq; The chief Coachman is Mr. Mathew Clark and four other Coachmen. Four Footmen. Six Grooms. Five Poflillions. The Great Office or MA ST ER of the HO RSEUis Majefty hath now beer pleafed to confer on his Grace Charles Duke of Richmond ; and during his Minority, the Of¬ fice is executed by three Commif- fioners, viz. Henry Guy Efq; Col. Tbeopbilxs Oglethorpe, Charles Merley Efq; ’The Clerk of the Statics is John Collins Efqj CHAP, 0f ENGLAND. 229 CHAP. XVI. Of theW^Eof YORK’S CO V RT Officers and Servants belonging to His Royal Highnefs the DVKJL of YORK; with their Fees per Annum. G Entleman of the Bedchamber, and Groom of the Stole, the Eu\ ot Zetvbomgb, his Gentleman of the Bedchamber, Lord t/awk’-. his Fee is 1 661. 13 s. 4 d. Treafurcr of the Houttiold, Sir Allen Affl /> his Fee is 1 (61. >3 1. 4 *• Comptroller, Colonel tylert Werden, his-ce is 16SJ. 13 J. 4 *' Secretary, Sir 'John Werien Baronet, his Fee is 100 1 . Privy Purfe, Colonel jmsGubm, hisFcc is looZ. Matter of the Robes, Colonel frbnClmHkiB, his Fee is 100 U Seven 23 ® « pjeftat state Seven Grooms of the Bedchamber,. limri Griff* Efq; Thomas Tufttm Efq; Arthur Herbert Efq;. Etimri Ruff'd Efq; James Fortrcj Efq; Oliver Nicoltt Efq; Hera] Slingsb] Efq; Each 100/. pet Annum, which makes in all 1400. Belonging to His Royal Higfmffa Cbappel. Doflor Hetty KjHeffeto Almontr. Four Chaplains, vkv Dr. Fratcic Turner. Dr. Robert South. Dr. Richard H'atfon. Dr. Crowder. Which at 50/. per Annum each, isiooi Two more Chaplains belonging to thcHouf- hokl, and wait alfoon HerHighnds Lady Am, viz. Dr. Vaught], Dr. Edward Lake. Thefc have ;o /. per Annum each, which is 100 1. and 10 s. per week more during their wait¬ ing. The Sacriflan, Mr. Langford, 40 /. Salary. Keeper.ef.thc Clofct, Mr . William Mau, 40/. Salary. Gcntleri of ENGLAND. W Gentleman Ulhcr, Eimri Doikj Efq; 4° !• fir Amin. Four Gentlemen Waiters. Sir Eimri Carteret. Mr. Bond. Mr. Brm*. Mr. Fitz-fmes. Each 40/. fttAmm, and 16 1 . for his Lodg¬ ing; in all 114 /• Yeoman of the Robes, Mr. Jofyb TomUr.fm, 00 /- Brufher,— 40./. „ Yeoman of the Wardrobe, Tbihf fynerjly E Two Barbers, Mr. Inzer, and Mr. Belingjiell, So /. each, is 160 /, Four Pages of. the Back-Stairs, via, Mr. T turn Hqmol. Mr. George Mm.- Mr. —-- Each 80 1. per Amim, is in all 310/. One Groom of the Prcfcncc, Mr. /M/, 80 7 . A Firemaker ir. the Prcfcncc, Wi/wm Clarke. J °Onc Phylitian, Sir Ckrki Scarborough, * oo ». One Oiyrurgcon, James Fierce ^ lo1. One Apothecary, Mr. Sami Amaal, 10 '■ A Secretary of Languages, Mr.---- • A Gentleman Harbinger, Mr.CW«»*. fer Am*, and Riding Otarges ?.»• 232 Clje parent ©tate Senipftrcfs and Landrcfs to the Body, Mrs, Du Pity, 250 /. Landrcfs for the Table L n.ncn, Mrs. Haifa, ijo /. Yeoman of the Winc-Celler, Mr. Thom Pu¬ tting, jo /. Yeoman of the Beer-Ccllcr, Mr. Tlcm Pierce, 601. Yeoman of the Poultry and Larder, Mr. PH- tip -Ayres, jo I. Yeoman of the Wood-yard and Scullery, Mr. -jo/. Yeoman of the Armory, Mr..his Salary 50 1. per Annum, and has more 50 /. per Annum for keeping a Man to make dean the Arms, Guns, Ctfe. Porter of the Gate, Mr. pichiri Ptinsferi, jo/. Trumpeters, and for their Liveries, 310 /. Necdfary Woman, Mrs Holmes, 601. Bottlcman, Mr. Atkjnfon, 10 /. One Clcik to the Commidioncr*, Mr .Henry Aliridg, jo l Door-keeper to the Commiflioncrs»Mr. fcf« Dicker, jo /. Clerk of the Kitchin, Mr JohnSpurrom^ol. and for Board-wages 5 11. Maflcr-Coofc, Mr .Chuie Printout, H o 1, and for Board-wages 30 /. Second Cook, Mr. Anivsine, 40 /. Three Turn-Broaches, each 18/. j s, OneScowrer, 18L jr. Pan-keeper, 9/. 1 s, 61 Porter of the Kitchen, 30/. A Cole-Carrier,-- Porter at WtixM, Mr .Jordon, 18 /. j t. A Gardner, Mr. Wright, 40 /. Ik OfTEN GLAND. a&- fk Officers y of His Royal Hkhneffcs Revenue, mthikir Fees- per An¬ num. The Treafurer. and Receiver Gchcralof the Revenue, Sir Men Ayfley- ■ j Attorney-General, Sirota Churchill, 401 .. Sollicitdr-Gcneral, Sir George fe fines, 40/. Auditor-General, Tobin Voder Efq; Uo/. Sollicitor, Mr. Eiwsri Swift, So.U ■ ^ Mcflcnger to the Revenue, Mr. Unce Burton, ^HouR-keeper at Bjchmmd, Mr. ^tcrt H , hiff> 14I- ts f - Of the Huntfmn , &c. and their Fees per Annum.: Mailer of the Buck-Hounds, Mr. *°Thrcc Huntfihen of thc“Buck-Honnds, in all Sergeant of the Fox-Hounds, Mr.Tio. Jc«x, Two Huntfmcn of the Fox-Hounds, Tbomss Gory 60 L and Thom Morfrnn 40 i m a"' 0° • Two Foot-Huntfmen, each 301- makes 60/ Teacher of the Setting-Dogs Mr. mk., 3 Mailer of the Barges, Mr .m, 5°'- Four and Twenty Watermen, at each ih. makes 48 /. Officers a*4 4 ^. Two Efcurics, EdmtrdTurncr Elq; and- Krcclty Efq; each 103 1 . is :oo /. Avener, Tkrm Morly Elq; Clerk of the Stables, 60 1 . Surveyor of the Stables, 40/. Yeoman Rider, So/. Three Pages of Honour , Mr. Elliot , Mr. Cturebill, and Mr. Williim Dtrnnkg, each iooi, and for Eoard-Wages 50 /. makesinall 450/. light Footmen, at j <5 /. each, is in all 1S8 /. Thirteen Grooms, at 30 /. each, is in all 390 /. Three Coachmen, at7i /. each, amounts to utf l. ThreePoftiflions, and three Helpers; thefe have all Liveries twice a .year, as alfo Linucn and Slackens. Officers of ENGLAND. Officers and Servants belonging to Her Royal Higbnefs the Dutchejs of York ; with their Yearly Fees. G Room of, the Stole.. Couutcfs. of Pcterfo- mgb, 400/. Ladies of the Bed-Chamber, Counters of ^common, »Q® »• The Lady BeBafs, xoo U Four Maids of Honour Mrs Kjibiunt Sidlej, Mrs. Katharine Watts, Mrs. franc# Walfingbam, Mrs. Katharine Frazier, Each too;, is in all 800/. Mother of the Maids, Chamber-Keeper to Mrs. Harrifon, Hof. the Maids, Mrs. Jones. Five Bed-Chamber-Women. Mrs. Margaret Davion, xeo 1. Mrs. Bromley, ifol. Tady H'cnworife, 15°'• Madam Btmcbi, now Walgrave, 5 ■ Mrs. Turner, 15°/. Starcher, Mrs. La Bodrj, 50 J. Lamulrefs, Mrs. ^irce.^o l The Secretary, Efq; , » • Two Gentlemen llmers, William Prince, ^ Squires, SeTTnlTfiTfoTLodging each, in all .jx L 23* CDe^efent state Four Gentlemen Waiters, at each 40 /. and for Lodging 16 l. each, is rji 1. Four Pages of the Back- Stairs, viz. Mr. White, Mr. Creftes, Mr. Bangs, and Mr. - at 80 i. each, is 3 to l. One Groi.m of the Pretence, Mr. — 30 /, audit/. Lodging-Money, in all4;/. Yeoman of the Mouth, Mr. — 50/. One Matter Cook, Mr. — Thomas, 70 I. One other Cook, Mr. Demure, ;o l Officers and Servants belonging to the Stables. Mailer of the Horfc to the Dutchefs, is the Earl of gojcommoi:, 1661. 13 r. 4 d. Two Eiituyrirs, Sir C.far Cramer, and JW-m XJ awflEfq; each 100/. Three Pages of Honour, Mr. — Nevill, Mr. — NeviB, Mr. Cockjin, each 100 1 . Eight Footmen, each 39 /. is 312/. Three Coachmen, at each /. for them* felvcs, Poftilions and Helpers, ml. Two Groom;, at each 30 /. Two Chairmen, each 3 61 . Officers of ENGLAND. 237 Officers and Servants belonging to Her Higbnefs the Lady Anne; with their fees per Annum. A Govcmefs, the Vicountefs Lady Hide, 400 L Three Dreflcrs, Mrs. Ellin Irefi, 70 1 . Mrs. Elizabeth Warmjley, 70 1 . Mrs Cecilia Jem, 7° L French Tutor, Monfieur L'Aine, too l. DancingMallcr, Monfieur Gohory, loo/. Land refs of the Body, Mrs.^er yfmhvz, 7 °Teacher of the Harffcord, Mr«. Bmifcr, 7 °Guittar Mailer,, Mr. Delmy, 1 ° 1 • Page of the Eack-Stairs, Mr. FJenrj Unpon- ^Land refs to the Table, Mrs. if#*, 50 /. Mufitian, Mr. fames Greeton, } i l. 4 >■ Cook, Mr. James ft idols, 38 /■ 5 f. Scmftrcfs, Mrs. ^inifoti, o l . Neccflary Women, Mrs Foyjled, 30/. Servants belonging to the Stables. One Coachman, Four Footmen, c 441- Two Chairmen, PofliUion, am!Helper, 7 rC at 3 6 l. each, and Liverie*. at 35 i each, and Livcri.'s. j CH IV P. 238 Of ENGL AND, CHAP. XVII. Of the Three States of England, and firfiof the Clergy, and then- in of their Dignity, Name, De¬ gree, &rc. Clergy \ LL the SubjedJs of England are divided t kir f\ into Clergy and Laity ; the Laity fubdi- Dignity. ■*- -X vided into Nobility and Commonalty. Thcfc are called Ordines Tegni , or the Thu States, and firlt of the Clergy. As Heaven is more honourable than Earth, the Soul than the Body, fo is the Sfirituil Furdtira more excellent than the Civil, and the iarerdo- tal Dignity higher than the Seculsr : and there¬ fore in England , the Clergy , Caterit parihi, hath ever had (according to tlie practice of all other Civilized Nations fince the World began) the preference ar.d precedence of the Laity, and hath in all times been reputed the firlt of the Three States. Names. The clergy, fo called, becaufc they arc Gods Kz.nctC -, or Perth: for although all Chrillianc may be (tiled Cods Torsion, ai wcllas Cods Ser¬ vants, yet amonglt Chrillians, thofc Pcrfons whom God hath fet apart, and feparated from common ule to his Service, to be, as it were, his Domeftick Servants, arc more peculiarly the lords Portion: And therefore from thc.firft age of Chnitianity, the Pcrfons (b fet apart, have been called Ckrici, Clerks. Ac of ENGLAND. As in the St me, fo in the Church, the laws Degrees, and Conflitutions of England would not that there (hould be a pa rity and equality of all per- foits. J^uiffe in Ecclefa nihil rmagit inaquale quam aqualm And therefore in conformity to the hi It Timer and Placet of eftablilhcd Christianity, folbcn as the Chrijiian Faith was, by Authority, received into England, one of the Clergy was, in every City, ordained a Bifhop; who hath Sifhops, (to avoid Confufion, which ufuilly fprings from equality) a pre-eminence over the reft of the Clergy, within certain Prccinfts. Afterwards, the Bijbops being necelfitated to meet about Publick Affairs of the- Churclvas Consecrations, Confutations, for remedy of ge¬ neral diforders, for Audiences Judicial , when the Adlions of any Bifho>' i'v .La P roi'idtnt/.t, wire teas other Lilhops write DmmPtmifime, and he is laid to be inthror.cJ, when lie is inverted in the Arch. [ijr.oprick. To Crown the King belongs to him, and it hath been refolyed, that wherefoever the Courc fhall happen to be, the King and Queen arc Speckles Domejiici Pzrockizr.i Domini At. Cm. and had anticntly the Hoij 0firings made at the Altar by the King and Queen, wherefoever the Court Ihould happen to be, if his Grace was there prefent; alio the power of appointing the lent-Frezcbers, which was thought, by our An- ccftors, much more fit for a Prelate orSpin- tual Perfon to do,(as i.i all other Cbiflizn Courts) than for any Lay Lord, as hath becnulcd in Er.g- lincc one Cmmel was, by/to; the \ III. made nczr-Gener.il) and placed over thcArch- bifliop of Canterbury. . TheBithop of Union is accounted lus Trovm- chlDetn, the Bithop of irinckefter his Cbzncellor, and the Bithop of fijehefier his Chzpl.tin. _ In writing and (peaking to him, is given tne Title of Grice, (as is to all Dukes) and't /(e- imni tuber in Cod. He hath the Power of Prolate of ail TcJUm-r.ts - and granting Letters of Aiminijlrztio h, where the Partv dying, had Bom Koizbiiia.tbM is, Live pounds worth , or above . out of the Dioccts : —r\n s-dird : or Ten pounds worth withm 6 Cijc p^fcitt ©tate the Dioccfs of London ; or if the Party dyir.g be a Bilhop, though he have no Goods out of the Dtccefs where he died. Alfo to make Wills for all fuih ns die In:c!!atc within his Province, and to Admit,illcr their Goals tothc Kindred, ct' :o Pious Liles, according to his difcrction : Which mod tranfeendent Trull and Power, is Ibani- cntly in Er.glnr.il belonging to ''ifhops, that the bed Miijiurj cannotfind thefird Original there- By Stut. i , H. 8. he hath the Honour and Power to grant Zicinfos and DifpenfMions in ail Caf s heretofore died for, in the Court of J^iw, not repugnant to the Law of God, or the King's Prerogative ; As to allow a Clerk tc hold a Be- ntfice in Commend.im or Tru]}-, to allow a Son (contrary to the Canons) toluccecd his Father, immediately in a Benefice; to allow a Clerk rightly qualified, to hold two Benefices with Cure of Souls; to abolilh irregularity gotten without a Mans own default, as by defeat of Bo¬ dy or Birch, or by accidental killing of a Man, tic. to abolilh the guilt of Simony; toallowa Bcncficcd Clerk, for fomc certain caufcs, to be h\n-refident for fomc time ; to allow a Lay-man to hold a Prebend, tic. wliilll by Ihitly he is pre¬ paring himfclf for the Service of the Church ; to grant Difenfaions to Sick, to Old People, to Women with Child, to cat Hiefh, on days where¬ on it was forbidden; toconflicute Publick Nn- tarics, whofefingleTcliiinonyisasgood, as the Tcfiimonics of any two other perfons. All which fore-mentioned Licences, Difpenfntioni, &c. the faidArchbilhop grants by himfclf, or by his De¬ puty, called the Mi$er of Eacuities , in all His Majdlics Dominions, except Scotland ; for all the new late Acquifitions to this Crown, as flrginia, Hew-Enghnd, Barbados, Bermidos, tic. of ENGLAND. wcre heretofore added, by due Authority to rtc province of Carter;, am put under the "’"a.iy Cathedral Church within his I’rou: cc, upon every Creation there: of a new Did e , V, I; alb to provide a fu.ncK.nt ic.n..,.».c ai ore of the Chaplains of the Archbithop, or to •maintain him, till it bccffc-dcd. _ hytheJur. frimSUz. t*!™*^* the Queen , by the advi.e o. th- '-Q- *■ Q m i.inordain and pubUh fuch r,lollies, as may be f. rGods Glo.v, ‘“ r ; '-‘q of the Church, and due Reverence ot in. --- Cra Hc C hath the Prerogative to Confecrate a Ri- Is&Sfcfflwasg ofconToJaaons?rogivc hi, ofr.ll; to vifit the "hole iCounce ^ ^ vj _ lUipiS Visitations, Inftitutions, Sjc. .onalificci^hi The Archbilhop mayretam.a q n Chaplains, which is two more than any Duke i^ ? - tu 5 c V?hath, moreover 247 2 4 s CD t i 3 jerent etatc for deciding of differences in Ecclcfiaflical affairs, as his Court of Mokes, his Court of Auikr.ee, his Prerogative Court, and his Court of Peculiars ; all which fhall be handled particular ly, and apart in the Second Part of The Prtfert State of Eng¬ land. Thefe and other Prerogatives and Pm Hedges, the Wifdom of our firlf Reformers thought fit to be retained and added to the chief Perfou (un¬ der the King) of the Church of England. Tcr\. The next Perfeii in the Church of England, is the ArchbilhopofTor^; who wasanticntly alfo cf very high repute in this Nation, and had un¬ der Ids Province, not only divers Biftopricki'm the North of England, but all the Bifnoprickj of Scotland for a long time, until the year U70. when Pope Sixtus the Fourth created the Biffiop of St, Andrews, Archbilhopj and Metropolitan of all Scotland. He was alfo Legam Nam, and had the Le- gantine Office and Authority annex’d to that ArchbiJhoprickj. He hath ftill the Place and Precedence of all Dukes, not of the Royal Blood, and of all great Officers of State, except only the Lord Chan¬ cellor; hath the Title of Grace, and Mojl Heve- re»d Father ; had the Honour to Crown the Queen, and to be her perpetual Chaplain. He is alfo fiiled Primate of England, and Me¬ tropolitan of his Province, and hath under him the Bifhopricks of Tork., Durham, Carlifle, Che- fier, and that of the JJle of Man, only Durham hath a peculiar Jurifdidtion, and in many things is wholly exempt from the Jurifdiflion of the Archbijhop. He had the Rights of a Count Palatine over t«te. an Officer among the Heathens fo called, '* iseritparii viHui quotiimo, Epfcopn enm LiChliftmos pr *eft p««e? MffM/pirin« «. All the Bijbops of Enghni are Barons and Peers of the Realm; they arc Barons by a threefo'd. manner (which cannot be faid of the Lay-Lords) they are Fadal, in regard of their Lands and Ba¬ ronies annext to their Bilhopncks 5 rh=y are Barons by Writ, being fummoned by the King. Writ to Parliament; and they arc created Ba rons by Patent, which, by their Confccration, is always exhibited to the Arcbbijhop . They, have the Precedence of all Temporal Barons under Vifeounts. In the Parliament, have p-acs. in the Upper Houje, in a double capacity , n . only as Barons, but as Bifhops; for before they, were Buons, they had mall timc S placem dm Great Council of the Kingdom, and there c\ placed on the King’s R.ght-hand not_ only f to give their advice, as the Judges do, but ad r., . Lira. They have their Title of Lord*, add ^ ^ 250 ^Ije pjefent ©tate (though held by the Kings Authority Fimte Jtiagijlratui fui) are not accounted to be pro¬ perly the Kings Courts, and therefore the Bi- (hops fend forth Writs in their own Names; Tejle the Bilhop, and not in the Kings Name; as all the Kings Courts properly fo called, do. Moreover, Bilhops have this other tranfccn- dent Priviledge, to depute their Authority to another, (as the King doth) either to their B't- flops, Suffragists, to their Chancellors , to their Conmijf tries , or other Officers, which none of the Kings Judges may do. All Bifhops have one priviledge above, and beyoad all Lay-Lords, viz. That in whatfoever Chrifiian Princes Dominions they come, their Epifcopal Dignity and Degree is acknowledged; and they may, quatem Biflops, confer Orders, C>c. Whereas no Lay-Baron, Vifeount,Marquis, nor Duke, is in Law acknowledged fuch, out of the Dominions of the Prince, who conferred thofe Honours. The Law and Cufioms of England, are fo ten¬ der of the Honour, Credit, Reputation, and Perfon of Bifhops, our Spiritual Fathers, that none might (without fpccial Liccnfe from the King firft obtained) be indided of any Crime before any Temporal Judge. Upon fevere penalty, by our Laws no Man may raife reports, whereby fcandal may arifh to the Perfon of any Bilhop, or Debate and Difeord, between them and the Commons of England. In Civil Tryals, where a Bilhop is Plaintiff or Defendent, the Eifhop may, as well as any Lay-Lord, challenge the Array, if one Knight at lead be not returned of the Jury, nr.d it lhall be allowed unto him as a priviledge due to his Peerage, 0f ENGLAND. *5* AgaBjEP&Qs SrSinal Tr^loF a th«^"|arc not to be tryed by Peers; for fo neither may Bi- Ihopsbctrycd by a Gtommon Jiiry •J 3ecaur 5.^^. v may not be on the Tryal of Inch M-cn . More¬ over, Noble Women, may inot be on th-Trya 0 rPeers and vet they arc to be try ed by L c^rs ofrte Realm? and ihereisno^WeyWort W EKhrJ of a Bifhop, remaining a Bifhop, that e\4 was tryed for his life, but by Peers of the Realm. Anticntly indeed Biihops were fo ex¬ empted, as not at all to be tryed byr Temporal Judges, till after Dfivinon and i»gM “JTruc to the Crown, (to the envy of ^eot^rmp, and fo free from all Capital Crimes, i[hat the. c. is yet noPrcfidcnt in for thc.r mani-^i. of Tryal for life. As for that common rt, .r on, Tbit r,0 Lords 0} PaMt ar to J- tkir Peers, tut fuck as fit itere, b -;V V t, ‘ litatis, arid that ad Laj-Lord; tide ^ iixnent for tbit reafa > ... • .•. ..n . frivolous, in the litdgn ciotis Men. And i..dccu, how - ud . ^ reafcnablc mult it mens oc, Get all im ri h d; ■■) that an Archbilhop cf Cntcrburj, « Vno-vlcdged to be Prim u T.ir tegru iTiouk be ~ ’m.i rrm-un 1 urvof Frcclvduers, i\m " s’ 1 the meandt Lay-Baton, though created but ^S- W nut be tryed by any underlie €lje iftefent State In Vut'.hmm, the Bijkops, as Bams, may be prcfcnt and vote at the Tryal and Arraignment of a Peer of the Realm; only before Sentence of death, or lofs of Member be pronounced, that they may have no hand in Blood, no hand inddlroyipg, but only in hiving, they have by Cancn-Law, the Priviledgc and Injimflion to abfent thcmfclves; and by Common-Law, to make Proxies to vote for them. Brim Eliz. cap.i. It is exprefly declared, That all Lords ofParliamcnt (without any ex¬ ception of Lords Spiritual) fhould betryed in that particular by their Peers. The Bijhops of England enjoy at this day many other Privilcdgcs, as freedom from Arrcfo, Outlawries, Dillrcfs per Eguitamam , or in t Journey, Liberty to Hunt in any of the King’s rorclis or Parks, to kill one or two Deer, go¬ ing from, or coming to the King upon his Or¬ der: to have certain I'uns of Wine free from .Import, tfc. The Pcrfonscf Biftops may not be feized up¬ on Contempt, (as the Pcrfons of Lay-Lords) but thdrTempcralitics only may be feized. Every Bijhop may by Statute-Law qualific as many Chaplains as a Duke, viz. Six. The Law of England attributed fo very much to the word of a Bijhop, that not only in the Tryal of Bajhrdy, the Bifhops Certificate fhall Mice, but alfo in Tryal offihrejic, which touch¬ ed) a Mans life : Upon the Eifnopb bare Certi¬ ficate, that any Man hath been convi&ed before him of Herefte, the Secular Power puts him to death, without any Tryal by his Peers, till the late Parliament, for lbme emergent caufc, thought fit toaltcr thatcourfc at that time. The Pci fons if the Spiritual Governors of the Church of England, arc of fuch high and tender of ENG LAND. 253 tender refpeft in the eye of the Law, that it is thought fit to exadt the fame from a Clergy-man to hisBifhop or Ordinary, as fiom a Child to his Father, and therefore made the offences of yarricide and Epijcopicide equal, viz. both Petty Treafon. Next to the two Archbifhops of England, the- Bilhopof London amongft all the Bifhops, hath the pre-eminence. Epifeoptti Londinmfis, (faith an antient Record) fpecialiquidamDigniuteca- terii anieponendus, qttiiEccleJia Car.tuarienfs De- «»:;] ejl Prmncitlit. Being Bifiiop over the Imperial and Capital City of England, it is by a Statute of later times cxprefly provided, that he (hould have the Preference and Precedence of all the Bilhops of England, whereby he is become ( as heretofore the Lord Frier of the Order of St. fokn of ferufaiem) Prims Baro %,-gr.i, as the Lord Abergavenny is Primal Baro- ram Uicorum. Next amongfl thi.fe of the Episcopal Cohedge, is the Bilhop of Durham, within the Province of Fork , who hath been a Count Palatine fix or feven hundred years. Wherefore the Common Seal of the Bifhoprick hath been of a long time ;n Armed Kntght, holding in one hand a.Valued Srrord. and in the other a Church. He bath alfo at this day the Earldom of Sad- krg , annexed long aco to this Bilhopnck by "in the Fifth place, bvvirtucof the fore men¬ tioned Statnt-, is theUilTiop of Winchejier, re¬ puted anticntly Earl of Southampton, and fo filled in the Statutes of the Honourable Order o, the Carter, by Henry the Eighth; though focn after, that Earldom was otherwife dilpolcd of ed, ail the other bilhops the seniority of their Ceil- fpe Parent State Confccration, unlcfs any Bifliop happen to be made Lord Chancellor, Trcafurer, Privy-Seal, or Secretary of State; which antiently was very ufual, as reputed fortheir Pisty, Learning,Sir.gk Life, Diligence, Cfe. far more fit for the advan¬ tage, and fcrvicc of the King and Kingdom, than any Lay-Men: and in fuch care, a Bifliop being Lord Chancellor, had place next to the Arch- bifliop of Canterbury, and above the Archbifhop of Tort.; and being a Secretary of State, had place next to the Bifliop of Winckfter. of ENGLAND. An Exact Catalogue of all the Bi¬ flops in England now livings and ranked in tfieir proper Order. Cmtrhry. D K.WiWamSttncroft, Confecrated Lord Arcb- bijhop of Canterbury thci7 day of fimury 1678. York- Dr. Bfchntd. Stem, Lord Arcbbijbop of XorPS, Confecrated Bifhopof Catlijle i.,f the Cluuc o--( 1-t.ivh-nt, n ; vhiildi: Liberties cf rhe ■ . pic (though very little vio¬ lated) hav- hr nexatted, even to Sedition and Rebellion. ver.us Tocm,,that Men of the bell rankantlabi- the li.io- Ihoclu in all times be c- courngcd roem- ’£/. brace the moll pairful and Icvere prol'clf en cf a Clergy-man, ami ch..t the People should t'r: more '.villiugiy be Guided and Conduct .il by them, our moll Chriftian Aneeltors, aeccdinr to the pattern of Gods antier.t People the Jfer.', and o! all other Chiillian Commonwealth!, judged it expedient to allot large- Revenues, ard a mo/1 plentiful maintenance to the Erfft Clergy, Of EN GLAND. 2 63 Clersv, having obfervcd with Solomon , That a Wife Man for his Poverty is too oft contemned andd'.l’l’iied , and that there is nothing more contemptible and ridiculous tlun a poorClcrgy- m ThefiiltKings of Etghnlted all the Lands of EtoUd in Demefn. The fccond foie Monarch amon" the Sixon Kings, Ethelmlfbus, by the ad¬ vice of his Nobles, gave for ever to God and the Church, both thcTythe of all Goods, and the Tenth part of all the Lands of Enghnd, free from all Secular Service, Taxations, or Impofitions vhatfoever; the Charter of Donation is to be fan in hgulplm , and other Authors ; which Charter thus ends, gui mgtn valuer it no ft urn ioruimm (as many piousKingsand Nobleshree have done! nugeut Omnipotent Dm Dies emro- fteros; ft 9«» veto mutate vel mmuere prxfumpjent, iota t fe tl tribunal Cbrifli ntior.em redduurum. J r,c(i ics the Tenths of Lands, and the Hus¬ bandman's profits. Merchants alfo, and Shop- keepcs paid to their Spiritual Pallors, the Tenth of their Gain; Servants, in divers places, the Tenth of their Wages, (as Sonldiers in the KP-- Vir.ics do now a part of their Pav) and ^c-fellers the Tenth Flagon. pefent State whoic World, except only the Nation of the Jewr, among!! whom, the Tribe of Levi, bt. jug not the fourth part of the Twelve Tribes, as appears in the Book of Numbers, yet had, as Mr. Selden confellcth, anil that by Gods own ap. pointment, three times the Annual Revenue of the greateft of the Twelve Tribes: i-fomucb, that the poorclf Priefl in the Twenty four Corn- fes, might be reputed a Wealthy Perfon. And as among!! the Jews, the Twenty four chief Pricks, forthc better Maintenance of their Authority and Dignity, had Means, far exceed- ing thol'c of the inferinur Clergy, and the High Pricft had a Maintenance as far exceeding any tf the faid Twenty four Pricfls: So in Englmitk Bijhops, by the great Piety and Bounty of ftve. ral Englijb Kings, had, in Lands and Revenue;, Temporal and Spiritual, a Maintenance far more ample than thol'c of the Inferior Clergy ; and the two Archbifhcps more ample than the Bifiops. IVUliam the Conqueror, at his coming into Uni, found the Btppricks then in being fo richly endowed with Lands, that he erefted them ail into Baronies, and every Barony then conhlkdof 13 Knights Fees at the lead. UUidcs, there belonged to Bijhops fcvcral Perquisites and Duties for the Vifiutions of their L ioct'Jfes, hr Ordinations, hflitutions,Cer,ftaCt• tiedratiexs, [ubfidium Cbaritalivum, which, upon rcafonabie Carries, they might require of the Clirgy under them ; alfo other Duties, called Decimarum quarta, Mortuarimm W OblatiorM per.fnuio, jui/Ltffitii, ProceJfio,Litania, Fiitici vel Commeatui collatio-, which upon a Journey to Pome they might demand. Tenths and Firjl-Fruiu were anticntly paid (as is believed) to tire fc¬ vcral Diocefans, and was continued tothcBipj of Norwich, till Henry the Eighth deprived him of ENGLAND. 265 ir.cr- of, and deprived tlic Pope of all the red. Moreover, all Cathedral Churches were, by di¬ ver; Kings and Nobles, richly furniflicd with Lands, for the plentiful maintainancc of a Dean, anil a*certain number of Prebendaries; info- much, that, together with the Lands given to Hun tileries, a third part of the Lands of E*g~ l:d belonged to the Church and Churchmen ; whereby did accrue much benefit to this Nation, grea- Hofpitality was kept, many Hofpitals, Col- lcdg.s, Churches, Bridges built, and other Pub- lick, Pious, and Charitable Works. AllLcafcs held of them by the Laity, were not only much mure cafie than other Tenures, but founquefti- onablc, that there was little work for the Law¬ yers; fo much pcaccablencfs, that id° fworn Attorneys were thought fufficicnt to ferve the whole Kingdom. At prefent the Revenues of the Evglijb Cler¬ gy nr- generally very final! and infufficicnt,above a third part of the bell Benefices of Er.glard be¬ ing antimtlv by the Popes Grant, appropriated to Monaflerics towards their maintainancc,were open the dilfulutioaof Monaficries, made Lay- Fees hcfides what hath been taken by fecret and indirect means, through corrupt Competitions, Coir.prufts, and Cuftoms i;i many other Paritlics; alto many large Ellatcs wholly exempt from pay- iagTithcs, a's Lands belonging to the Cijlcrtian Moks, to the Kiiights-Tcmplers, and Hofpital- lcrs. ' Thot'e Benefices that arc free from thefe things yet ('betides Firft-Fruits and Tenths to the King, and Procurations to thcBilTiop) are tared towards the Charges of their refpeflive Pariihes, ana towards the publick Charges of the Nation , above and beyond the proportion %66 tEDc Parent State The Bifhopricks of Evghni have been alfo, lincc the latter end of Hen. 8. to the coming in of King fames, mod mifcrably robbed and fpoi!- cd of the greateft part of their Lands and Re- vcrucs; fothat at this day, a mean Gentleman ( fioo /. Land yearly, will not char ge' his world¬ ly Eltatc and Condition, with divers Biflaop,: an Attorney, a Shop-keeper, a common Arti- fan, will hardly change theirs with ordinary Pa¬ llors of the Church. Some few Eifhtprkks do yet retain a cempr- tcncy, among!? which, the Sifhoptick.olDurban is accounted one of the chief, the yearly Re¬ venues whereof, before the late troubles, were above 6ooo 1. of which, by the late Adi for abo- lifhingTenures inCipite, was loll above roooI, yearly. Out of it, a yearly Penfion of S8ol, hath been paid to the Crown , ever lincc the Jteign ofQuccn Elizsbuk, who promised folia thereof, lo much in lnproprinici:s ; which was never performed. Above 340I. yearly paid to fcvcral Officers of the County Palatine of Du- tern. The Affiles and Seffions duly kept in tl-c Lifnops Houle, at the foie charges of the Bifhop. The fcvcral Expcnccs for keeping in repair cer¬ tain Banks of Jokers, in Ovdetftire, belonging to that Bifboprick, and of levcral Houles ap¬ pertaining to that See. Moreover, the yearly Tenths, the Firli-Fruits, and publick Taxes be¬ ing deduced, there did remain commurika tm to the Bifhop, to keep Hospitality, (whichmu!! be great) ar.d to provide lor tlm'e of hi-,Farm.- ly, but about 15:0 /. yearly. It is true, that for the firurc, wi'.illl 1 irfl-Fruits andSublidie 1 ceafe to bc paid, t'nis Billiops Revenue will fc: laifed to 500 /. more per Minim, and then th afore-mentioned SRo I. being very lately, h Ilia Majcil'es Gracious Lctre.s Patents, ur-t'-c: of ENG LAND. 267 HisGrcat Seal, begun to be releafed for all times to come; and about 400 /. more per er.mm being added to that Revenue , in divers Rents lately jmmoved by the lateBilliop Dr. John Cofns, by tlis abatement of lines, (which otherwife he :ni<>ht have taken to himfclf) the whole yearly Revenues of this Hillioprick began in the year if-o. iobc3’.8o/. per annum. Of other principal Bilbopricks, the Revenues have been much diminilhcd, fome enjoying not ?. fourth part of their antient Rights. 1 he great diminution of the Revenues of the Cleray, and the little care of augmenting or dc- Ending the Patrimony of the Church, is the c r eat reproach and (hame of the Englilli Refor¬ mation, and will one day prove the ruinc of Church and State. ludicious Mr. Hooker (who in the Preface of his'Works foretold our lateTroublcs forty years before they came to pafs) obl'erving in his time how the Church was every day robbed of her Does, and that it was then an opinion rife, [Tbit is give to the Church fmeh of fuilifm and Popery, ini :s take from the Church whit our shrcejlors bid given, was Information,~} declared, That what ileies faith in the yotli Pfalm, was likely to be verified of Kelision and Cods Service among!} us; The time thereof may be Threefcore Tears and 7 Ye,,f it continue ti lFsnr/core.it will be but fiuall jov to tbofe that (hall then behold the condition ci t;:e Ecqlijii Church ; nor can the bed read IU- llorian produce one example of a happy State, where the Clergy hath been expofed to the pLopks contempt, which mull happen where tlisii Benefices, their Maintenance is fcandalous, ar.d thereby their Pcrlbns despicable. It s6S Cljc 13?cfcitt ©tatC It is the lad Trick, faith St. Gregory, that the Devil lwtl) in the World, when he cannot faring the 1 rent and Sxrsmexts in dilutee bv hirronrs andHcrelics, he invented this i>roje£t to bring o? E N G L A N D. GnW ■ ami for this caufc find rcfpctt not only tliofc of their own Opinions, but even "t th°n'f>'l fober, moderate, am! bed civilizd Pr^cii-u's. Whilil this Policy lallcd in Eng- , ‘ V / u i'ich by the favour, and to the high lio- of the King now Rcignina, is in Ibrnc hopes to b* revived: for a Brother of the Earl cfAV- ■hr-on another of the F.arl of B.ub, a Son of t!r'' ; arl'of dnglekr, a Son of the Lord North anoh'-rof the Lord Crew, another of the Lord ;_ i,been latclv encouraged to enter into Holy Orders) the Clergy were judged the tittc.i Ptrfons to execute molt of the chief Of- fices'k" d Places of the Kingdom, (according to the Dvinc Policy amemdi Gods Peculiar Pec- il- wlrrcthc Prictfsand Levites were the Prm- tinpl Officers and Judges in every Court; to yd jm (i,. peegie were to be obedient, on pam of death' and tiic Laity did, with much Reve¬ rence and Reipeft, fubmit to them. And as then, Os SutrdoM , Oucuhtm cm cording to that of Mtlub. cb z 7.) So. 0* E'Oeoci, Onculutn eul KiS" & %£&*’> ^ ^5 m'Akmr unioerfm Ckrm hm fronts b fsmpsr fid eligsbit fnmos a Conf.M, pn- rr, d Officii % 5 n/ obsunh. Prim mtiir [dt- lm in oninik's Rfgri Comiim V Tnbur..ihb^ E- tw * fiZnocZ e, U nil fo\h : urn Dora makes apparent cnslt GocLowi ..hove Four thoufand People, till rope Xi- 165 270 Clje liferent state exclude the Emperour from mulling in the Ec- clclialtical Government, began to exclude the Clergy from ’Vk King with the Civil, EuleGn;, Vijlinr. C. ,d f'erum. And it is certain, that for four or five hundred years, during the jtcign of our Saxon King', in Er,gland, ourEc- cl fiallical and S.cular Magillratcs fate lovingly Great was the \irhoCry of the Clergy it thole days, and the r'. :rrv be precious in thefc dav - r , dc'tint they were the Authors .,efi:s and Advantages to tbisKmg ,cr ere few things of any importance f , ] ,. .ing of the Welfare of this Church and b. e, ulicrcinthc Bilhopsand Prelates, under God, have not been the fw- of ENGLAND. 2 inUtumtnis. The excellent Laws made by Kir^ Iri.t, King Atbeljim , King Edmund, and • It, Edv’Jrd the Conrcllbr, from whom we have w Comon Lena, and our Trr.Heigel, n)cn- roned in Mugnt Cham, were all made by the n'crlhafLns and advice of Archbifhbps and Bi- !hops. named in our Hillorics. The Union of nvo Henfes of Terk. and Lucifer, (whcrc- bv'a la'" and bloody War was ended) was by ft.y- wife Advice and Counfel nf BiOiop t;then a Pi ivv Coe.nfdlor. Tlx Union Qi Ergitd and Scetli-ul, that incxpietTible ad- v-'-tr-e to both Nations, was brought to psfs be -;,c long fore-fish: of R.vejrcnd Biflicp lex, t* five Councilor, in udvifing Heir, the fc- 0 rnn-ct. i'Ncifcil Daughter to SoUs-J, -.-.This vounier to h e eee. Moll of the great their antient and prefent b; Idle Cold and Charges, 0 tributions, or at half to tl 5 of Rifiiop? n both 0 , Ch.'.r ..aid Built by Bi- NAs' even that famous, chargeable, and dif~ Lult Structuie of London- Bridge, Hands obli- H to the Liberal Contributions 1 f an Arch- bi-non: a-d it was a Bifhop ef London, at whole tan'eii 1111 ■ -cIf vri'.lim the Conqaerour granted to the Ci-.v of London fo large Privilcdgcs. that it a grateful remembrance thereof, the Lord Mi\cr and Aldermen, upon fume folcirm days of their refort to St. rails Church, did , before ti;c late cireauiui me, go in PrcccfTion about the Crr.e-Stone, where that Biihop lay Inter- 272 €Ije parent state But above all, the Converting EngUndtmbt . Ckrijlijti Religion, the Reforming that Religion when Corrupted ; and fincc that, the maintai- nance oh the Dodlrine thereof againfl all Jtymjfi Writers, and of the Discipline thereof (none of the leaf} good Of.ces) again!! all the Prafliccs and Power of the Buriun and Presbyterm h- ilions, and all thofc other Seflirics, lineally ilel'ccndcd from them: All this, and more, is owing (if not folcly, yet principally) to’hi- (hops and Prelates: By the late want of whom to (it at the Stern, how fuon was this goodly Vcffel fplit upon the Rocks of Anarchy aidCom Mon ? Even fincc the late Rdtauration of Bifhops.to fet down the many confidcrable and publick Be- neficcs flowing from them, and other dignified Clergy, would tire the Reader. \\ hat ft ms of Money have been by them ex¬ pended in repairing Cutfeifri*/ Churches, Epijci. pi ffohfn, in founding and building Hefpiuls, in Charit. to Widows, of Clergy-men utterly ruined by tne late Rebels, for redeeming of a great number of poor CbrijiiinShvesat Algiers What pubftckantl private (urns for fupplyingthc Kjngs Necejfities at his Rcfiauration ? What Expences in Hofpitality, &c. above and be¬ yond the Chirity and Bounty of others, who have ten times their Wealth and Riches ? To inflancc in a few, whereof certain infor¬ mation hath been given. Dr. Willum fuxon, Archbifhop of CinlerUm, dcceafcd, augmented to poor Vicarages to the value of 11 ooo /. paid for Redemption of Of- tives, in Subfidies, roll-Money, Benevolences, iirjl-fruits, &c. icooa A Repairs, itfcoo /. Belidcs, of ENGLAND. 273 BefideSjfor repairing ofSt Sauls Church, :c c 0 1. To St. Johns Collcdgc in Oxford, 7000 l In other Charitable lifts icoo 1. In all 4H000 I. Bolides all this, he wasfo kind to his Tenants, 33 to abate in their Fines i6cool. Dr. Gilbert Skelien, then Bifhop of Union, and after Archbifop of Canterbury, gave fbrA'f- dmpio’t of Captives, and other Charitable Vfes, in Subfiles, Benevolences, Purchafe of Union- fj life, Repairs, KtiMinpatOxford.firJi-Fmts, £fc. 40000 /. andabated to his Tcnents 17000 h And aim oil a!) this whilft he was Bijlop of London , Dr. Brian Dttppa , late Bifop of Winchester, give for Redeeming Captives, Building and Ei> lowing Alms-Houfes , with other Charitable- Dais, in Benevolences, Repairs, Vc. 1 60001, and was fo good to his Tenants, as to abate 5:000 l. in their Fines. Dr. Bremen, late Archbifop of Tork., disburfed in Publick Payments and Repairs only, belides Abatements tolcnants, 15000/. Dr. Coftns, the fore-mentioned Bifhop of Dili- ton, having from his firll entrance, to the end cf liven years, not received above 19800 /. he expended it all, and 5000!. more, cither in re¬ building and repairing the Houfcs and Cattles belonging to that See, or in rebuilding the Chap- pel itAukfnd, and Free-Schools at Durham, all which had been mined by the late Rebels; iti foisn iing two Hofpitals, and a publick Library ; in founding Eight Scholarfrips in Cambriige : Of which Pious and Charitable Works, the whole cttpences came (according to mod certain in¬ formation) to above 22000/ Belides, he hath- expended in two Benevolences to the King, in Kedeemingof Ckrifian Captives at Algiers-, for his Coimration, arc. for the Furniture of the new Chattel at Aukjani, with Plate and otner hi 5 d«-;nt * £l)c defeat state decent Ornaments; for relieving the diftreffcd Loyal Party, and other Publick and Pious Ufa, above 440c 0/. All which is declared here more particularly, than the dcligncd brevity of this Treatife would hahdfomely allow, only there¬ by to put a (lop to the clamour of manyperfons againlt this Biihop, and many others; as if they had received vatt fums of Money, and put it ail hi their private Purfes. Dr. Warner, late liifhop of Jfocbejler, though his Fines were but fmall, yet bellies Abate¬ ments to Tenants, lie gave in Royal Prefents, Benevolences, Sublidies, Redeeming of Cap¬ tives , &c. above 1 5000 /. The Deans and Chapters were proportionably as liberal; To mention in fomc of them. That of Canterbury in Royal Prefents, Chari, ties. Repairs, befidcs all Abatements to Tenants, gave 16000 1, That of Winchejler, in all 45800!. Durham, 15000. Ely, 14000. Exeter, near itfooo. Lincoln, ricoc. fyebefler, loooo, Worcefler, 9000. Windfor, in abatement of Fines 9C00 l in Royal Prefents 2 600I. in Augmentations tide, ami maligned by tK.rrJ*vt‘ tills, gutkfti, and the reft of the F■ ii6 %\)t iPicfent State the other fide, as the Englip liturgy hath alfo been for a long time by both of them, (a fare evidence of the excellency thereof; and as our Saviour was crucified between two Thieves) but alfo, that of all the Cbrijlian Clergy of Eu¬ rope, (whether Eomijb, Lutheran, ov Calvinhn) none arc fo little refpedted generally, nor be. loved, obeyed, or rewarded, as the prefent Pi¬ ous, Learned, Loyal, Orthodox Clergy of Eng¬ land, even by Tome of thofc who have always profefled themfclves of that Communion, 0 Den in temper a refcrva[li nos, .of ENGLAND. Here fo/loiveth a Catalogue of nil the pi [ait DEANS in loth the Pro¬ vinces of Canterbury and York. 27& fcijePjcfcnt state. Worceftr. Dr. Thom, Bithop of St. Davids, and Dean of tVorceder. Coventry and Litchfield. Dr. Smallwood, Dean of Coventry and Litchfield. Bath and Wells, Dr. Bathttrft Dean of Bath and Webs, Hereford. Dr. Berfiox, Dean of Hereford, Salutary. Dr I'ierce, Dean of Salisbury'. St. Afaph; Dr. Stratford:, Dean of St', Afaph, Bri]iol. 'Dr, Toogood, Dean of Brijiol. Chit heftr. 'V' Dr, Stadlirg, Dean ef Chicheftr, fycbejter.' "Dr. Ceftim, Dean of ftchefter, Peter- CfENGLAND. i :9 TeUrrkrwqk. [)r. Sjmr. Pjirictof Coven C.irkn, Dean of VittrL::OU$!>, Exeter. The Honourable Mr. Rkhtri simjley, third tor, of the Lord Privy Seal. Dean of Exeter, Bjr.gor. Mr. Lt'iimphies, Dean of Bitter. Gloucefter- Dr. MttrJbnU, Dean of GhuceHct. Norwich. V:, Shaft, Dean of Norwich. Lincoln- Dr, Gttkef, Dean of Lincoln, In the Province of Tork, ror{, r\R. Wictym, Dean of TerL.. Duthm, Dr. Sudbury, Dean of Durban, C betfer, 2§o mjz parent ©tats Ckeffer. Dr. Iridgmn, Dean of Chefier* Carlijie. Dr. Smith, Dean of Carlijk. Note, That in the Cathedral Churches of St, Bsvii, and of Zar.daff, there never hath been - any Dean, but the Bifhop in cither is head of the Chapter; and in the Bilhops abfcnce the Chir.ter at St. Davids, and at Zaridaff the Arch- Zvote alfo, That there are fome Deans in Sts- r H &-,'T h0Utany J un ®ii3ion ( only for Honour fo filled ; as the Dean of the Chappel-Royal, who at prefent is Dr .. Compton, Lord Bifhop of zendon- The Dean oftheCbappcl of St. Gccrii at K'nifor, Dr. DureS ; The Dean of sippL Dr. Cartwright ; The Dean of Gumtzej, Dr Somerez, (Sc. 1 ‘ u Moreover fome Deans there arc without any ^njoying certain Juriftlidions: as Wtint, C,,i aj the Dean of Battel ,'tix Bean of Seeking, Mr. Edward Stern, tf c . ' G I I A P. of ENGLAND. 28: CHAP. XVIII. Of the Second State or Nobility of England, and therein of their D( *rees, Privi ledges , States , Re¬ venues, &rc. N Oliks, quipciri nofeibiles, or Kolibiies. In Kmc all Chriltian Monarchies, Men that have been notable for Course. Wijiom, Waite, Or. have been judged fit and worthy to enjoy cer¬ tain Privi ledges. Titles, Dilutes, Simms, C?r. above the common People, to be placed in an higher Orb, and to be a Skreen bet v cen the King and the inferiour Subjefls, to defend the one from Infolencicf, and the other from Tyranny; to interpofe by their Counfel, Cottage , and Grin- im, where common perfons dare not, ought not to be To hardy; to-fupport the King, and defend the Kingdom with their Lives and t'er- Thc Nobility of England is called the Peer- ae of England, bccaufe they arc all Pares %- that is. Nobilities Plies, though gndti tin. The Degrees of the Englifh Nobility are on- Degree. lv five , viz, Dukf, Marquis, Earl, r,count, and Eicon ; thefe arc all Peers , but the four firft are for State , Privilege , and Precedence, above and before thole w ho arc Barons only. 282 Clje l^effnt State A Duke in Lttir.e, Vox, t Ducendo, Noble¬ men being antienrly cither Gsnenh and laJtr- of Armii 5 in time of War. or Wardens of Mar¬ ches, and. Govcrnours of Provinces in time of Peace; afterwards made fo for term of life, then held by Lir.ds and I'ccs, at length made Hendi- ur) and Titular. The firflDeke, ,m;r the Carqucrour, wis£j. tvj/J the BUck.rnr.ee, created fo by Ed: r. 3. ir, tic nth year of Ins Kcign. A Duke is at this day created bv Pi>aa, CiUtcc 0} Sword- Etir.sk ofSute. ImfcftioK c /aCap1, tmd CormtofOM on ids Head, anda dV^e of Gold pit into it.s Hand. Burpif Mnlh, a Msrpljs, was fo firll called from t!;e Cover..on nt of Marches, and I-'rentier Coun¬ tries The tirii ti at was f.> created, wasJ^fcit 'An, Earl of Oxford , made Marquifs of Duilm in Oihr:o of tfeh. t* A Marquifs is created by a Cixlure of a Sword, a Mixtle of Slits , lmpofition of 1 Clp of I-Jiryr, with a t omet, and delivery era Chun cr i> Si T l- E-ir's anticntlv call-.d Ccxsitss, beenufe they were wont Comiuri £.$*», to wait upon th: King for Council am: Advice. The tessi cal¬ led them EilJosnv.n, the Dim Eorl.-s, and the Erf if E.-rh T h y had a- lieiitly for the fop- port of tli.ir Statthe third pc ny out of the Sheriffs Court; ifibing out of all Pleas of that Shire, whereof they had their Titie; but now it is orhciwile: for whereas heretofore Cam's and Comintxs were Corrdacivcs, and there was noOomes or far/, but had a County or Shir: 1 , or his Eirliom ; of latter years, the number of Earls 2S4 £ijc pjcftnt @tntc is Fir m? «r>vii, Fit Xotibw, himtt. In-, fothc chief Bargeilcs ol London anticndv and flill thole of the Cinqiu-Pms , arc called Ext or, i. BrtHon faith, they were called Litotes, outf Eobur Btlli, in time ofYv'ar, the fafetv of tlit King, and of all his People, did depend upon their Courage, Wifdom, Cor...uct, and Skill in Martial Affairs. Anciently thole Ban ns onlv were accounted Peers ol the Realm, that held of the King ter k- te S r.im Bmnim, which confu'.d of ^Knights Fees, and one third part ;caJi Knights Fee b> of ENGLAND; 2! Cmt Sdtor.U is fame Caftlc, or chief Scat of a Moblcman, which is not to be divided among!! Daughters, Of there be no Sons) but mull dc- feend to tl-.e cldcft Daughter, Cxteris ftliabus jliiifJi [atitfaaii. land holdcn bv Barony, doth not make the Purchafer, that is ignoble, to be noble, although the charge of fuchTenurcdothlieuponliim, m refneft of the Service of the Realm ; no more than Land by Villain-Service doth make the Purchafer, that is a Freeman, a-Villain, though he (hall thereby be bound to his Villain-Service, due lor his Lands. . , . Barons are Sometimes made by Writ, being thereby called to fit in the Higher Houle of Par¬ liament, but mod ufually by Patent. All the fore-mentioned Dcgvces'hnvc the Tltlc of Lord, from the Saxon word Laford, Dominm. All the Lords of England, both Spiritual and TempO'dl , arc Fettdatarie! to the King, and in their Creation, and alio in their Succelfion, do fwcar an Oath of Fealtv, and do homage to the Kin" their Sovereign, arc! pay certain Duties, as Signs and Symbols of their Subjeflion to their Prince. , All Honours in England arc given by the King, The Laws of England prohibit all SubjeAs of the Realm to receive any Hereditary Title cf Honour, or Dignity, of the Gil'c of any Foreign Prince, lying, or Empsrewr. Eji aim jv.s Afcje- Jhlii, Vinter Infignidfiitmuxpotejhlis. None of thefe Honours bellowed by the King on a l-'amilv, can he loll, but by want of Iljuc Male, except where the Patent extends to Ifltte Female, as fbmecimes it doth; hr clfe by Tome hainous crime: and then that Family cannot be rdlored to their Blood but by Parliament. • 286 CDe l&efeitt state All Noblemen at their Creation have two En. figiis, to figninc two Duties: Their Heads arc adorned, ad. conjulerdum Eegett i Cf Patrhm ten. fore 1’acii ; and they arc gilt with a Sword, d defendendum Rjgem fa Trri.tm tempore Belli. The fcvcral Degrees of the Erglijh Nobility, arc differenced and riillinguifticd on: from ano¬ ther by their Titles and Enfigns of Honour. A Du'ce hath the Title of Grace, and being written unto, may be llilcd, Mojlfiigh, Potir.t, and Noble Prince. KMirjuifs,BLo[i Noble, cni Potent Lori- An Earl, Mojl Noble, and Joket Lori. A Nicour.t, Eight Noble, and Potent Lori And a Baron, Eight Noble Lord. Their Coronet! are all different. A Baron hath fix Pearls upon the Circle, given to tbit Honour by the prefent King. - AVicount hath the Circle of Pearls without number. An Earls Coronet hath the Pearlsraifed uponPoints, and leaves low between. ThcMarquifs, a Pearl and a Strawberry-kaf round, of equal heighth. And a Dukes Coronet, only Leaves without Pearls. Note, That the Dukes of the Blood- Rot al, as afore-mentioned, bear a Coronet of Crojfes, and Plovier-ie-luce, which is the fame with that of the Prince of Wile t, and his is the fame with the Kings , excepting the P.rckt, Globe, and Croft on the top of the Kings Crown. Ail the Nobles are mere efpccially dillir.guiiht by their Eobes of Parliament, by their Icveral Guards on their Mantlets, or Short Cloai-t about their Shoulders; A Baron hath but two Guard;, 28 - Of ENGLAND. The Nobility of Enghni have in all times en¬ joyed many conlidcrablc Priviledges. All Peers of the Realm being look’d on as the Kings Hereditary conllar.t Coimfellors, their Pcrlbns, out of Parliament time, are Privilctlg- ed (as others in Parliament time) from all Ar- rejis, unlcfe for Trejfon , Felony, or breach of jtu>, Condemnation in Parliament, or C«i- ,;oipt to. the Kjttg. No Sufflicevit can be grant¬ ed again!} them ; No Cafiu, or Exigent fuetl out Egainit them , for Aftions of Debt or Trefpi's. Ko Ejfoin lies again!} any Peer of the Realm. InO iminal Caul'es, Treafon, or Felony, they cannot be tryed by anv other Jury, but by a Ju¬ ry of Teers of the Realm; who are not as other Juries, to be put to their Oath, but their Ver¬ dict g.ven in upon their Honour, (ufficcth. In Civil Caufes, they arc not to be impanncllcd upon any Jury, nor upon anylnquds, de fiblo, though in a Matter between two Peers. In ca:e any Peer he returned upon any fueh Jury, there is a fpccia! Writ for his difeharge. Upon r.o Cate, to be bound to their good behaviour, nor put to (wear they will rot break the Peace, bur only to promife it Zlfon their Hcr.citr : which was ever accounted fo Sacred, as upon no terms 10 he violated. A Peer of theRealm may nor be put to the Rack, or Torture, to difeover the Truth., though accuicd of High Treafon. Eve: y Peer of the Realm called to Parliament, ha’ii n his to Vote for hin hich none of the in places of Trull com- e allowed to make De- Heredity, fuppofed in Civil L; zs$ €Ijb parent ©tate mo.i Law, allow any other tclfimony to he va¬ lid, bat what is given upon Oath ; yet the tc- (timer,y t f a Peer of Englmd, given in upon his Honour, without any Oath, is efleemed valid, and they were wont to be examined upon their Allegiance, and the Loyalty of their Chivalry, and to put in their Anfwcr to a Bill futer Her,;- rent, without taking an Oath; though’of latter times, that Priviledge, by the ncglcd of fora; Lords, hath been infringed I'omctimes. A day of Grace, by Lite favour of the Court, is not to be granted to the Plaintiff, in any Suit or Acti¬ on, wherein a Leer of the Realm isDefendent; and this by Statute-Law, becaufc theLawpre- Itimcs, that a Peer of the Realm mull always b; ready to attend the Per foil of the ling, and the Seivicc of the Commonwealth, and therefor: it is nor to be delayed any longer than the or¬ dinary ufc cf the Court, but to bare expedition of Jultice. At the beginning of Parliament, when the Oath of Supremacy is exacted of all Only of ENG LAND. 28? - Only of courtefie, the Title of Lori is given to all the Sons of Dukes and MarqudTcs, and to all the elded Sons of Eails, and to none under. All Barons of Erglxni arc exempted from all attendance at Sb-njjs Towns, orany Letts ,where others arc oblig.d to take the Ouh of Al'egi- tr.ee. A Peer cannot be Outlawed in any Civil A> Sim, bccaufc he cannot be arreded by any C&- f isi; and by the fame rcafon lies no Attxchment againll him. By theCudom of Englxni, (as is by the Law of the Empire) Nobiles non torquextur in qutbiu jhlei torquerenlur, (5 Nobiles mn [ufpeniuntiir fed deexftmur : yet this by the mccr favour of the Hiitj;, and in fomc calcs, efpeciaily of Eel or*, hath been other wife fometimes. For the fupptdlmg of PJets and Earns, the Sheriff may raid the l'lfcCcmiuw, that is, all able Men arc to alfift him; yet may not the She¬ riff command the Pcrfon of any Peer of the Realm, to attend that Service. A Baron of Parliament being fent for by the Kings Writ or Letter, or by His Meflenger, to come to Court, or to Parliament, or to appear .before the Council loxri, or in his Court of Chutes), may, both . 'tiling and returning, by the Kings Forell or Park, kill one or two Deer. In any CivilTriat, where a Peer of the Realm i-Plaintiff or Defcndcnt, there mult be return¬ ed of the Jury, at lead one Knight; otherwife the Artsy may beqtialht by challenge. Tire Laws of EngUr.X arc lb tender of the Ho¬ nour, Credit, Reputation, and Perlbns of No- hhmen, that there is a Statute on purpofe to hinder all offence by falfcRcports, whereby any fcamial to their Pet Tons m.yarife, or debate sad difiord between them ar.d the Commons, O am! Cljc pjefent State a „„< hccaufc it is to defend, not only Liy-Lni t, buiiijhfs, ar.d all Great Officers of the Realm, it is called scMdihimMts< li,unu . , The Houfe of a Peer cannot, in (ome Calcs, (as in fearch for Prohibited Books, for Conven¬ ticles BV.) be cr.tred by officers of Juiiict, without a Warrant, under theKmgsown hand, and the Hands of Six of His Vtivj Crnei '/.where¬ of four to be Peers of the Realm. No Peer can be Afleffed towards the (landing Mlitm, but by fix or more of thertifclvcs. ^ The Law allowing any one of the Commonal¬ ty to be arraigned for Felony or Trr<#i, tn f m- -Im vtt to challenge Thirty five of his Jury, without’(hewing caufc, and others by Jew,nj caufe • yet allows not a Peer of the Realm to challenge any of his Jury, ?r toputanyof Jtm to their Oath, the Law prciummg, that they be¬ ing all Peers of the Realm, and ludyng upoa their Honour, cannot be guilty ot FMJhool, H Til Pcmtfthc Realm have a Priviledgeof «inal :r - ! "<’ a certain number of CAiftaJ, who C NrrrV Vi whit,* from the Arch.bdhop, (if to -••n it'rccm good) and the fame ratified under ' ^ .hold PI-' 1 ''" of ENGLAND. 2 pi though it is oft done now by the Kjegs fufiices, in (lead of their Peers. All Peers of the Realm being conlhnt Here- iiltr) Counfeliors of the ^tgi;, in His Creit Coun¬ cil of Paliment, and bcirg obliged upon tlx Kings Summons to appear . and attend in a!! raliments upon their own charges, are privi- kdgedfrom contributing to thecxpenccs of any M.mbcrof thetfo fe of Commons-, for which ro Levy may be made upon any of their Lands, Parcel of their Eiriioms or Bjrctsies, any of their antient Demefns , CopjhoU, or Vilhin-Tenints. The Eilatcs of all Pccis of the Realm, being jti’ged in the Eye of the Law, fulficicnt at all times to fatisfie all Debts and Damages, falisfa- iftion is to be fought by Execution taken forth up. n their Lands and Goods, and not by Attach¬ ments, Imprifonments of their Perfons, (thofe arc to be always free for the Service of the King and Kingdom) nor by Exigents, or Cjpin VtU- gjtum, He. Other Priviledges belong to the Pecisof£n’- asEightTun of il'ineCujhm-F'ee to every Earl; am! to the rcll proportionally, Sfc. Notwithflanding tiicfc great Privikdg.s he¬ lot git'g to the Nobtlit i rfEnglinJ, yet ti c great- ell of them (no not the brother or Son of the King) ever ha t the Priviledge of the Gri.dees of Spiin, to be covered in the \i'S : Preface, except only Henri fitclijje, Earl of Surrey, as before. Nor had ever that higher Priviledge of the Nobility t f Prince, whole Di min Limb, and their UefenhntsbMtrtg them, are exemp'- cd from all Contributions and Tillies, by which favour they arc tycd to their ffjrg, ami lb en ¬ abled to few him; that although Rebellions arc ftequent, yet fcldom of long continuance, and neve; prolpcrcuj 5 whereas the bight ft born O i Sihdcet rons, VicountscldcftSons, Earls younger Sms, Barons cldeli Sons, Vicounts younger Sons, Ba¬ iuns younger Sons. Here note, that it was decreed by King Jams, That the younger Sons of Barons and Vicounts Ihould yield place and precedence to all Knights of the Garter, j Quatcnua tile;, and to all Prhj Councilors, Majler of the Wads, Chancellor, and Vnder-Treafurer vf the Exchequer, ChanceEor of the Dutch), Chief Jujlice of the Ajr.gs Bench, Mafter of the Bolls, Chief Jujlice of the Comet Elen, Chief Baron of the Exchequer ; and all other Judges and Barons of the degree of the Coif of the laid Courts, and that by realon of their Honourable Order and Imploymcnt; and alfo to all Bannerets, made under the Kings Ban¬ ner or Standard difplayed in an Arm) Rgtl in open War, and the King perfonally pretent. Moreover, obferve, that all Nobles of the fame D; grcc, take place according to the Senio¬ rity of their Creation. But the Princes of the Blood, the Great Offi¬ cers of the Realm, and theBifhopsarc to pre¬ cede, according to an Aft of Parliament, P /Jen. I V* 2 9 4 Z\)c l^cfnit ©tnte There arc certain marks of State that belong to each Decree among!! the Nobility, which they may pradtife, or not pradlifeat plcafure. A Duke may have in all places out oftheKings prclcncc, a Cloth of Hilate hanging down, with¬ in half a yard of the ground ; fo may his Dut- chefs, and her Train born up by a Baronnefs; and no Earl to wain with a Duke, without the Dukes plcafure. ■fl&rijM. A Marquiftmay !, :V c a Cloth of Ei’.atc reach¬ ing within a yard of the ground, and that in all places out of the prcfer.ee of the King, or a Duke; and hisMarchioiicl's to have her Train born by a Knights Wife; and no Vicour.tto walh with a Marquifs, but at his plcafure. Eirl. An Earl alfo may have a Cloth of Efiate w ith¬ out Pendants, but only Fringe, and a Counters may have her Train born by a Gentlewoman, out of the prefence of her Superiours, and in their prcf-ncc by a Gentleman. Vicom. A Viconnt may have a Cover of Adayholdcn under his Cup while he drinks, but no AtTay ta¬ ken. as Dukes, Marquefles, and Earls may have, and may have a Trawrs in his own houfe. And a Vicounrcfs may have her Gown horn up by a Woman out of the prefence of her Superiours, ar.d in their pretence by a Man, liter.. A Baron may ?lfo have the Cover of his Cup hohi.-n un.lcrne.r.hwliillihcdrir.kcth, andaBa- rr.nne s may have her Gown born up by a Man in :i c pretence oi a V.touiitefs. of EN GLAND. 2P5 All Dukes elded Sons arc born as Marquiflcs, Title. gnu the younger as Lords, with the addition of their Chrijlm Names, as Lord Thorns, Lord film, Uc. A Marquidcs elded Son is called Lord of a place, and the younger Sons, as Lord Thomx, Lord fokn, tfr. An Earls elded Son is born as a Vicount, and {hall go as a Vicount, and (lull have as many PoivdringsasaVicount; fo their younger Sons' are Paid to be bom as Barons, but (hall go after all Barons, and before all Baronets. An Earls elded Son is called Lord of a place, and all his Daughters Ladies j but bis younged Sons not Lords. A Vicounts elded Son is no Lord, not his Daughters Ladies; and' therefore.the cldcft Son, and the elded Daughter of the fird.Vicount of England, is faid to be the fird Gentleman and Gentlewoman without Title in England. Yet a Vicounts elded Son is faid to be born as a Baron. 296 CIjc pjcfcm state A Catalogue of the PEERS of Eng¬ land according to their Prece¬ dence. Dukes of the Blood-Royal. J AMES Duke of Tork. and Alb my , Earl of Vlfter, Lord High Admiral of England, the Kings only Brother. J{upirt Duke of Cumber Uni, and Earl of Hoi- derricfs. The Lord Chancellor or Lord Keeper of the Great Seal, the Lord Treafurer, the Lord Tre- fidentof the Kings Council, and the Lord Privy Seal, take place before all Dukes not of the Blood Royal. And thefe fix other Great Officers, viz. The Great Chamberlain, theConftable, the Mar- fkd, the Ford Admiral, the Lord Steward, and the Lord Chamberlain of the Kings Houlhold, r«k„ plate above all others of the lam. Degree t:;at t. ey lhail happen to be of. Note alfo, That the Kings chi f Secretary of State being of the Degree of a Baron (/Parlia¬ ment lliall precede all Barons not having anv of (I c Offices; and if he be a P.iiliop, he (hall p.rec; Jc, and Mkc plate of all other Bi!Wps net having the lai 1 Office. P: OfENGLAND. VVKES. 2 p 7 Henry Hom'd, Duke of Hotfo% Cbsrks Seymour, Duke of Somerfet. Geo^e Hillers, Duke ef B.ic'yr.gkam. Chiileyher Mor.ck., Duke of Albemarle. •}ui;:s Scot Fitz-\o\, Duke of Monmouth. Ir.nry Cavendip, Duke of NemcajUe. chirks Lenox Fuz-Kny, Duke of Rkhmtnd. Cherles f i:z-Rpy, Duke of Southampton. Her-y Fitz-Roy, Duke of Grafton. M A R QV ESSES- Chirles Vawlet, Marquifs of Winclefier. Henry Somerfet, Marquifs of Woroejler. EARLS. Th:fe three take place in refpett of their )lfices. The Lord High Chamberlain of England. Tic Lord Steward of the Kings Houthpld. The Lord Chamberlain of the Kings Houlhold. EARLS. Audrey it Here, Earl of Oxford. Charles Talbot, Earl of Shrewsbury. Anthony Grey, Earl of I^ent. Wil ism Stanley, Earl of Derby. John Minnows, Earl of Rutland. Tkeophilu Hafiings, Eml of ftumingtktt. William Ruff el, Earl of Bedford. O 5 Philip CIjc H&efcnt State Philip Htrben , Bai l of Pemlro'ee and Mont¬ gomery. Edward Clinton, Earl of Lincoln, ffam.s Howard, Earl of Sujjck, Chirks Suvile, La 1 of Dorjn and Middlefex, r-imcs Cecil, Lai of Salulur), ]}ehn Cecil, F.arl of Exeter, john E tiger tor., Earl of Bridgewater. Philip Sidney, Earl of Leicejkr. jIdks Compton, tarl of Northampton. Edvard Etch, Earl of IVjrmck. ami Holland, inlham C.ivenJiji', Eirl of Devor.ffire. William Fieldtrg, Earl of Denbigh, ffohr. Digby, Lail of Brijlol. Gilbert Holies, Earl of Clare. Oliver St. John, Earl of Bullir.brnr.l;, Chirks Fine, Earl of Wejlmerland. Robert MintJgue, Earl of ' Mancheff.er. Thomas Howard, Earl of Berkshire, jobn Sheiff.eld, Earl of Mulgrave. Thomas Savage, Earl fivers. Egbert Bertie, Earl of Lind'ey. henry Mordent, Earl of Peterborough. Themis Grey, F.arl of Stamford. Her.eage F.ttch, Ew\ olll'inchelfej. liobert 1 icrpttt, Earl of Kjrgficn upon hit!!. Chirks Dormer, Earl of Caernarvex. Phi.tp Stanhope, Earl of Cke/krful.l. pichr.l Tuften, Earl vf Thanet. Thrias ISijIen, Earl if Portland. IViUjim V.'er.tvorth. Earl of Strafford, ff-.ben Spencer, Earl of SitrJerlarJ . Robert Leak., Earl of Scaffiale. Charles li'Hmt, Earl of ffechefter. Henry ffermin, Earl of St, Allans. Edward Montague, Earl of Sandwich, ffames Butler, Hail of Jwtireci;. henry h)de, Earl of Clariukn. An!-,it of ENGLAND. Arthur Capel, Earl of EJfex. Hubert Cruder,el, Earl of Cardigan. Arthur AnneJIy, Earl of Anglejcy. ffchn Greenvile, Earl of Bath. Claries Howard, Earl of Carlijle. William Craven, Earl of Craven. fybert Bruce, Earl of Ailesbury. • < Bichard Boyle, Earl of Burlington. Henry Bertel, Earl of Arlington. Anthn) Ajkly Cooper, Earl of Sbafubury. Wi.itam Herbert, Earl of Powys. Edward Henry Lee, Earl of Litchfield, ffohn Maitland, Earl of Guilford. Thomas Osborn, Earl of Darby. Thomas Leonard, Lord Dacres, Earl of Suffix. George Fitz-Roy, Earl of Northumberland. Lewis de Duran, Earl of Feverfimm. Charles Beauclair, Earl of Burford. George, Earl of Halifax. Charles Lord Gerard of Brandon, Earl of Mach- lesfield. ffo'm Lord Roberts, Earl of Radnor. Robert Paflon, Earl of Tarmouth. George Berkeley, Earl of Berkeley. Edward Conway, Earl of Conway. Heneage Finch, Ear l of Nottingham. V I C 0 V N-T S.: Leicejler, d'Evercux. Yicoun! Hereford, brands Brown, Yicoimt Mor.tacute. William Fiennes, Viceunt Say and Seal. Baptiji Noel. Yicoimt Camoden. Thomas Bella(is, Yicoimt Fau'c.’tberg. Charles Mordant, Yicount Mordant. . . Era>ds Newport, Vicumt Neppirt,. Laurence Lord Y iccimt Hide of Rnmelwcnls. BASONS djcpieftnt state BARONS. Btr.i) Howard, Lord Mowlrdj. George Nevil, Lord Alergivernj. Ttintes Toucbet, Lord A-.tiki. Chirks Wefl, Lord li Wire. Thoms Parker, I ord Mark) srd Mont'gle. TJ.’i S’i-kr Lord P-ra-s .rmmel, Lord l roanel. v Eure, Lord Eure. T * /h gib), LoraWiUtugkb) of Parkin. 7 M igei, Lord Paget. ■ r- /. Lo d Howard of Effingham, dirks North, Lord North of CarlUdge. ■Jim s Bruges, Lord Shmidt. total Carr, Lord Hur.fdon. _ 3-imes Bertie, Lord Norrejs. William Peire, Lord Petre. Diql) Gerard, Lord Gerard ohGerirds BreakJ, Hear] Arundel, Lord Arundel of Wirdour, Chrijhpber fyper, Lord Ter,him. loulke Greville , Lord Brook. Edward Montague, Lord Montagu ; of Boughm, Ford Grtj, Lord Grey of Work. Jchnlovclace, Lord Lovthce. tfobn Piwlet, Lord Pawkt. William Marnxti, Lord Maynard, sftbn Coventry Lord Ccver.tr). William Lord Howard of Eflrick- 3 'o I OfENGLAND. Chirks Mohun, Lord Mohun. Henry Herbert, Lord Herbert of Cbetbury. Thom Leigh, Lord Leigh of Stonely. ChriJIofher Hatton, Lord Union. William Byror, Lord Byron. Jffcksrd Kiaghn, Lord Haughan. ft C.rrjtgfln, Lord Carrington . Wham Wia.irington, Lord Wtddrington. Edward Ward, Lord Ward. Thomas Culpepper, Lord Culpepper. Jacob Aftley, Lord Aflley. Chirks Lucas, Lord Lucas. John Beliafis, Lord Bellafs. Edward Watfon, Lord Buckingham. Upbert Sutton, Lord Lexir.ton. Charles Kjr\boven, Lord Wotton. Marmaduite Langdale, Lord Lar.gdale. Chirks Berkley, Lord Berkley of Strattoit. Trar,cis Hoiks, Lord Holies. Charles Cornwallis, Lord Cornwallis. George Booth, Lord de la Mere. Horatio Townfeni, Lord Townfeni. Jthn Crew, Lord Crew, (Sc. John Frefcheville, Lord Frefcheville. Bichard Arundel, Lord Arundel of Trerice, James Butler, Lord Butler of More- Park. Hugh Clifford, Lord Clifford of Cludleigb, Richard Butler, Baron of We Jon. F.d-vard Noell, Lord Noell of Titchjield: BJchard Lumley, Vicou t Lumley of Waterford i;i Ireland, created Lord Lumley of Lumley Caff k. Of Temporal Lords or Peers of England, there yr um ber. are at prefenr about One bundled hftyand fix, v.hereof there arc Eleven Dukes, Two Mar- quilLcs, Sixty nine Earls, Eight Vicounts, and Sixty four Barons; whereas within S vcnty ycaislaflpaft, there was not one Duke, but one 302 €&e Parent ©tote Marquifs,' about Nineteen Earls, Three or Four Vicounts, and Forty Lords. _ ... The Laws and Cuftoms of England , always Hevea e. w jn; n g that Decorum and Cotrueniency fhould b: every where obferved, and confidering the char¬ ges and expenccs appertaing to the feveral De¬ grees of Honour, as they belong to Men of prin¬ cipal Service to the King and Realm, both in time of War and Peace, exported that each of them fhould have a convenient Ellate, and va¬ lue of Lands of Inheritance, for the i'upport of their Honours, and the Kings Service. There¬ fore antiently when the intrinfick value of a Pound Sterling was worth 30 /. of iur Money now, as appears by the then price of all thing.', every Knight was to have „bout Eight hundred Acres, reckoned at zol. yearly in Land; that is, about dco 1. of our Money at this day. A Baron to have Thirteen Knights Fees, and one third part, which amounted to about 267 1. which multipiycd by 30. was as much as 8000 1. a year at this day. An Earl Twenty Knights Fees, a Duke Forty. And in cafe of decay of Nobility, or that they had fo far waited their Revenue;, that their Honours cculd-not decently be main¬ tained, (as the Roman Senators were in fucli cale removed from the Senate) lb fom.times finite Englijh Burns have rot been admitted to lit iit tltch/gker hoifeof J'urlument though they k:pt the Name and Title or Dignity llili- But to ;> c- vcr.t this walling of lUv.-mu s, whereof at pa¬ tent tlv. re ire too «>•. — » oofulcximples in Eng¬ land, the Sfjnfb hi-g puts a Curator orOmr- di,n i.vera-y Lord of that by prodiga¬ lity is Lite lb to walle his E bte, as tint his Ho¬ nour and 'I itle cannot be lullicicr.tiy lupported. For of ENGLAND. 303 For the better fupport of thcle Degrees of Honour, the l ing doth ufual!/ upon the Crea¬ tion of a Duke , Marquifs, Earl, or Vicount, grant an Annuity or yearly Rent, to them and their Heirs, which i, fo annexed to the Dignity, that by no Grant, Affnrance, or any manner of Alienations can be given from the fame, but is dill incident to, and a fupport of the fame Dig¬ nity; contrary to that Principle in Law, Tbat everp Land of Fee-Simple map be chtrgedmth a Epxt in Fee-Simple, bp one mp or other. To a Duke the King grants 40/. heretofore a conliderablc Pcnlion ; to a Marquifs 4 - Marks, to an Earl 101. and to a Vicount 10 Mark'. To Darons no fuch Pcnlions are ordinarily granted, only the late King creating Montjop Biouni (the late Earl of FLemport > Lord Montjop of Thttrljior,!, granted him a Fee of ro Marks per annum, to him and his Heirs for ever. As the King of England hath ever had the re¬ pute of the richeft in Domains of any King in Europe -, fo the Nobility of England have been accounted the richell in Lands of any Ncighbour- ingNation; fome having above lonoo/. yearly, others ijnoo l. and fo many of them above 1:0-0/. that if one with another they have but ?o 0 o i. ycarlv, it will amount to in all amongll the 154 Lords, above Twelve hundred thoufand pounds a year, about the El.vcnthpart of the yearly Revenue of all England, which upon Com¬ putation is found to be about Fourteen Millions The Engi} Nobility for Valour Ittccgiicy and Honour, hath in all I be: n equal to any in C hrillen 'om. Every Lords Houfe v.as a kind c pli-ed Court, infomnch that the G and Females, were wont to be fen ■, Wifloni, former Ages 3®4 Parent ©tate virtuous Breeding, and returned excellently accomplilhcd. At home, their Tabic, Attendance, Officers, Excrcifes, Recreations, Garb, was an Honour to the Nation. Abroad they were attended with as brave, nu¬ merous, and uniform 'i;.dr _.f Scrvantsand Fol¬ lowers, as any in Europe : not thinking it conli* ft nt with their Honours to be Icon walk the Street.' almoll in Ciarpo »i:ii one Lacquey, i.r not that, mich Ids to be found drinking in a Tavern, (se¬ lf Ionic rf the Er.gUfi Nobility, by a long continued I’ acc,cxccihve Luxury in Di t.want cf Aftion.tf r. were before the late Wars, born more feeble in burly than their Arccilors. and by too fine, and too full Diet, afterwards were rendred weaker in mi d ; and then during the late Troubles, by much Licentioufntfs, and want of fit Education, w.rc fo debauch’d, that it was lately difficult to find (as Come arc bold to affirm) the Courage, Wiickm, Integrity, Honour, So- bri ty and Courtcfic of the antient Nobihty: yet it is not to be doubted, but that under a War¬ like EnterprifirigPrincc, all thofe Virtues of their Forefathers may fpring afrclh. CHAP. Of ENGLAND. 305 CHAP. XIX. Of the Third State , or Commons of England, and therein of Baronet s , flights, Efquires , Gentlemen , Teomenf itizens,Handicrafts,8 fC. T HE Law of England, contrary to theLawi- and Cuftoms of other Countries, calleth rone Noble under a Baron ; fo that not only all Baronets, all Torts of Knight#, all Efquires and Gentlemen, but alfo the Sons of the Nobility, arc by our Law reckoned amongft the Commons. of England ; and therefore the Elded Son of a Duke, though by the Courtefieof E^lMilWed an Earl, yet (hall be arraigned by the dile of El- mire only, and may be tryed by a Jury of Com- freeholders ; and in Parliament can fit only in the tfoi tk of Commons, ifElcfled, till called by the Kings Writ to the Lords Houfe. Yet doth it feem very abfurd , that all Noblemens Sons, with all Knights, Elquircs, and Gentlemen, [hould be clhemcd Plebeians, but radier, as in tyrne, they were in a m ddlc rank , inter Ser.a- tms Pkbem ; or elfe, as in other Chnjlm Kjng- ioms, they (hould be con' : dcr< d as Minor Nobi- Hiss /(egni: So that as Barons, and all above may he dik'd, Mobiles Majores. To from a Baroo dow n¬ ward to the Yeoman, all may be not unntiy (ti¬ led, Nobiles Minores, The 306 SElje p?efent State The Lower Nobility then of England confiRs of Baronets, Knights, Ef^ttircs and Gentlemen, Baronets. TIic next Degree to Barons arc Baronets, which is the lowcll Degree of Honour that is Hereditary: Thcyaic Conflituted in the room of the antient Pahafovrs, between the Barons of England. and the Orders of Knights, An Ho nour firft inllirutcd by King fames. Anno tfiii. given by Patent to a Man, and his Heirs Males of his B 'dy lawfully begotten; for which, each one is obliged to pay i.i the Exchequer fo much Mo¬ ney as will, for three years at Eight pence fir dim, pay jo Foot Soldiers to Icrvc in the Pro¬ vince of Vljler in Ireland ; which Sum amounts ro io 9 y }. which, with Fees, doth commonly arife to uoo I. Baronets have (Accedence before all Knights, except Knights of the Garter, Knights who arc Privy Counfellors, and Knights Bannerets, made under the Kings Banner or Standard, difplayed in an Arm] in open War, and the King perfonally prefent, or the Prince of Wales. Prince Henry by particular mention had liberty to cre¬ ate Bannerets. Sec Mr. Seldom Titles of Honour. Baronets have the Priviledge to bear in a Can¬ ton of their Coat of Arms, or in a whole Scut¬ cheon, the fams of Vljler, viz. In 3 Field Argent a Hand Gules: All'o in the Kings Armies to have place in the grofs near ths Kings Standard, with fome particulars for their Funerals. The whole number of Baronets in England are not to exceed Two hundred at one and the fame time; after which number complcatcd, as any one for want of Heirs come to be extinft, the number (hall not be made up by new Creations, but be fuffered to diminifh 5 as appears by their Patent. of ENGLAND. 3°7 No Honour is ever to be create:! between Ba¬ ronets and Barons. The firll Baronet that was created, was Mr Kieboias Bdeort of Suffolk.-, whofe Succcllor is therefore iiiled, Primus Biror.ettorum Ar.ghx. This word S^r.igbt is derived from the Germw Plights. ffordK?«ii,fignifying originally a Luflj Servitor. The Germans (as theantient Bomns gave their young Men Togaml'irilem) by publick Authority bcilov.cd on their young Men able to manage Arms a Shield and a Javelin, as fit for Martial Service, and to be a Member of the Common¬ wealth, accounted before but a part of a Fami¬ ly; and fuch a young Man publickly allowed, they called Pjecht; whence we had our Inllitu- tion of Knighthood. The thing Knight is at this day figmhed in ii- ikSj French, Spanijh, Italian, and alfo in High and Low Dutch Tongues, by a word that pro¬ perly iignifies a Hcrfemn, becaufe they were wont to ferve in War on Horfcback, and were fometimes in lEngUnd called Bddenkri)ts, id eft, Bjdittg Servitors , yet our Common-Law ildes them Milites, Soldiers, becaufe they commonly held Lands in Knights Service, to ferve the King in his Wars as Soldiers. The Honour of Knighthood is commonly gi¬ ven for fomc pcrfonal defert, and therefore dies with the Perron deferving, anddefeends not to his Son. In Ergiir.i there are feveral forts of Knights, Knights whereof the chicfell arc thole of the Order of of the St. George, commonly called o/tfce Gir- Gutter. This Order is efteemed the moll Honourable, and moll Anticntof any now in ufe in Chtifftn- CDe P?efeitE©tate • dm... It began, as appears in. the Statutes of this Order, in 1350. and the Three and twentieth year of the Warlike and Puiflant King Edward the Third, who. triumphed fcveral times .over Fjir.ce and Scotland ; .who heldPrifoners at one time in England, King Join of France, and King David of Scotland ; who by his Son Edward the EbtckFrince, expulfcd the Rebels of Oji/fe, and. Inthroned Don Pedro their lawful King. Hethat did thefe mighty and glorionsExploits; was the Founder of• this Moft Noble Order of -the Garter, andatfirft made choice of the moil lllulirious Perfons.of Europe, to be of that Sgyal Society, (no doubt) upon-a.Martial,, and not.upon:any, fijeh Amorous account, as a.Garter falling,from, a-Ladie? Leg.; which ridiculous Story, to the difhonour of the Order , was.firft fancied by ft.. tydfrefirgil; andfincci uppn.his;credit,- taken • It,was.fince commonly called -The. Order, of. tl'eo Garter, becaufe this only,part.pfjthe,whole Har; bit:of;thc.Ordcr-wasmadc chuicepfat. firft; tor byconftantly worn, andthat toput in mindthe': Companions of the Order, that as by this Order:, they were joyned in a firm League 0 f Amity and: Concord, fobytheir Garter as bya fafttyedfaf- feilion, they were obliged to love one another, Now-left this ftrift Combination might feem to have had any other aim or end, but what was I10- . npurablcand juft. Ad otviandam. milam interpie- tatjonem, (as the antient Records of Winfor fpeak) the laid King commanded that Motto or Imprefi 'to be wrought on the Garter^, viz. ffoni foit,<{ui tntiy.fenfe. The rcafon why this Motto was put in French ; was, bccaulc then the King of England being: poftefled of a great-part of France, noironly our Laws, Pleadings, and Sermons were in French, but flf ENGLAND. but that was the ordinary Language in the Court 0 Vt •'!’■ • > iy 3!:ticni V>'. ihat this Ho- • mttb'-cCorr-;myuzCt:-.- v-' ■> Corporation, ha¬ ving a Great ten ijeii^irptw it. ami confiding of a Sovetrtgn Guardian, (which is always the Kingof Evgltviymi ot'Tw.n'v dvc Compani¬ ons, called J(tiigks of the Gut**; of Fourteen Secular Cams, that-are Priests ; of Thirteen Vicars, who arc alfo Pr lefts-, of Twenty fix Poor ■■^tiight, who have no other maintenance but the alicwancc of this Colledge, which isi given them in 're'fpcdb of their Prayers, to the Honour ofGod and St. George, who is the Patron of Eiig- ' hod, andof this Ordcr inparticular; andnone of tliofe Fabulous St.Gcorgcj as fomc bavc vainly fancied; but that famous Saint and Souldier of Chrilt, St. George of Cappadocia : A Saint fo uni- • serially received in all parts of Cbrijkndom, fo l! generally attefted bythcEcdefaftical Writers of all Ages, From the time of his Martyrdom till ■this day, that ho one Saint in all the Calendar (except thofc attefted by Scripture; is better evidenced. There be alfo certain Officers belonging to : this Office; as the Prelate of the Garter, which Oificc is fetled on the Sijboprick. of Wincbcfter pA Chancellor of the Garter, which Office did ant'r- 'ently'belongtothcBiihopsof Salisbury, and is ■ now by His Majeftics favour re-annexed to that ' See; A Hegifter, who of |ater times hath been conftantly the Dean of Whdfor, though antient- lyitwasothenvifc, The Principal King at Arms called Garter; whofc‘chief Function is to'ma- nage and marlhal their Solemnities'at their In- !: ftaliations and Fe'afts.' laftly, the'Ulher of the Garter. There 309 310 Clje pjefcnt State There arc alfo certain Orders and Conftituti- ons belonging to the Society, touching the So¬ lemnities in making thefe Knights, their Duties after Creation, and theirhigh Priviledges, too long for this place. ThcCollcdge is feated in the Callle ofB’iai- for, with the chappel of St. George, there eredt- ed by King Edivard the Third, and the Chapter- Houfe. The Order of the Garter is wont to be bellow, ed upon the moll excellent and ren.iwnal Per- fons for Honour and Virtue, and with it alien Garter deekt with Gold,Pearl,and Precious Sums, and a Buckle of Gold, to be worn daily on the left Leg; alfo at High reads they arc to wear a Surcoat, a Mantle, a high Blcck.f r elv:tCap,iCol- lar of pure Gold, compofc.i of Pofes enamelled Ked, within a Garter enamelled Blew, withthc ufual Motto in Letters of Gold; and between each of thefe Garters, a Knot with Tcffclsof Gold, together with other flateiy and magnifi¬ cent Apparel. They arc not to be fecn abroad without their Gartcrupon the life Leg, upon pain of paying Two Crow ns to any Officer of the Order, who (hall firli claim it; only in taking a Journey, a Blew Ribbon under the Boot doth fuffice. Upon the left Shoulder, upon Cloak, Coat, or Riding Calfock, in all places of Aflembly, when they wear not their Robes, they arc to wear an Efcutchcon of the Arms of St .Georgs, that is, a Croft with a Garter, and this Ly an Or¬ der made April 1616. That Ornament and Era- bellifhment about the faid Efcutchcon now worn, and called Ths Star, or rather, The in its Glorj, was at the fame time enjoyned. of ENGLAND. 31 The greatcft Monarchs of Chriflenlom have been enrolled, and have taken it for an honour to be of this Order. There have been of this Order fince the In¬ fliction, Eight Emperours, Seven and twenty, or Eight and twenty Foreign Kjngs, bcfidcs ma¬ ny Sovereign Princes, Note, That none can be of this moftHonou- nhk Order, that have been convifled of Here- fs, tfTrcifon, or of Conurdife. CSe ipjefent State 312 The fellows and Companions of tin -. 1 Noble Order of St. George, - t prtfent thefe that follow , ranked according as they are feat, ed in their feveral Stalls at Wind for. I N the firft Stall on the Right Hand is The So¬ vereign of the Order, King CHAKJ.ES the Second, who is Patron, and foie Difpofcr of the Order. In the other Stalls on the Sovereign's fide, arc thus placed thefe that follow : a. CbiHian the Fifth, King of Vsnmrk.. 3. Prince %upat. 4. Elcftor of Brandenburgb. j. Duke of Ormond. (. Earl of Oxford. 7. Duke of Monmouth. S. Duke of Ltmierdik. 9. Earl of St. Albns. jo. Earl of Arlington, 11. Earl of Mtilgnve. 11. Earl of Dxnby. 13. Earl of S.tin bury. On the other fide, opposite to thefe afore¬ named, are placed in this Order thefe that fol¬ low : l, Chirk! Of ENGLAND. I, Charles the Eleventh, King of Sweden, i. Duke of York. 3. Prince of Orange. 4. Prince Ble&or Palatine, f. Duke of Buckingham. 6 . Earl of Strafford. 7. Duke of Albemarle; 8- Marquifs of Worcefler. y. Earl of Bedford, ; 10. Duke of Southampton. n, Duke of NemCafik. n. Duke of Grafton, l}. Duke of Richmond. ' Note, That antiently Kings and Sovereign Princes were placed according to their Creati¬ ons, but now thafe only arc placed according to their Degrees. 0 . Tl,e whok number of Fellows of this Order is not to exceed Twenty fix. I" the next place arc Rights Banneret;, E- Krlb cjjies KexiUifen, antiently an high Honour, now sinner at cb.olctc, there being at this time none of this Order in England. Thefe may bear their Arms with Supporters, acd none under this Degree. »>ij of the Bath, fo called of th'ir Batkitg, r„ WlI ?‘ : . d before they were created. The Erflof this oYtte lort v. ere made by Henry theT'ourth, Amo 1599. ^ 1 Iicy are now commonly made at the Corona¬ tion of a King or Queen, 'or Creation of a Prince ttf'alss. They wear a Scarlet Kibbond Rclt- They arc fljll made wi h much Ceremo¬ ny, too long here to be described,. 1 > Other . tEBe pefcnt ©tate Other Knights called Elites Aurati, from the Cili Spurs ufually put upon them, and flight Batchelors, guaJtSas Chevaliers, Knights of low degree. So Batchelors in Arts or Divinity, qua/! Low Kniglits or Servitors in Arts. Thcfc were anticntly made by girding with a Sword and Gilt Spurs , and was bellowed only upon Sword-men fur their Military Service, and was reputed an excellent and glorious Degree, and a Noble reward for courageous Perfons; butof late being made more common, and bellowed upon Gown-men; contrary to the nature of the thing, (as Degrees in the Univcility arc fomc- times beltowed upon Sword-men) it is bccom: of much Ids reputation; yet amongll Gown-men it is given only to Lawyers and Phyfitians, and not to Divines, who may as well become that Dignity, and be Spiritual Rights as well asJfi- ritual Lords. Thcfc are now made with no other Ceremo¬ ny but kneeling down, the King with a draws Sword, liahtly toucheth them on the Shoulder; after which, heretofore the King (aid in French, Sou Chevalier au r.orn de Dieu, and then Advar.it Ckvalier. When a Knight is to fuller death for any foul Clime, lus Militar) Girdle is fir ft to be ungirt, Ids Sword taken awav, his Spuftcut off with an Hatcher, his Gauntlet piucict off, and his Coat J '•{■lira. Next amorg the lower Nobility arc Efquire 1, fo called from the French word Efcupers, Semi- reri, became they were wont to bear before the Prince in War, or More tbe better fort of No¬ bility a Shield, or die perhaps bccaufe they bear a Coat (f Arms as Knfigrs of their defeent, and by cur Law; ers are called At migeri. 6 CIjc pjcfeitt State known in any Country where the Germin Cu- (joins were unknown, as in Afi, Africa, and Amtrici. The Germans anciently, oft warring among thcmfdves, painted their Scutcheons ■with the Pidiurcof Com: Bead, Bird, or other thing for didindiion, and put Ionic eminent and vilible Mark upon the Crells of their Helmets; and this Ornament both of Arms and Crcft.dcf. ccndcd by the inheritance of their Children, to the elded pure, and to the red, with Tome note of didindtion, Inch as the Old Mailer of Cere¬ monies; in High Dutch Ueralt , now HtnU, thought fit. Gentlemen well dciccndcd and well qualified, havealwa'. s been of fuch repute ,n England, that none of the higher Mobility, no nor the King himr.lf, have thought it unfitting to make them Ibmetimcs their Companions. The Title cf Gentleman in England, (as of Cavalier in Fur.ce, Inly, and Spin) is not dil'dainedby any Nobleman. All Noblcmenarc Gcnticmcn, though all Gentlemen ate not No¬ blemen. The State of Gent: y was antiently iuch, that it was accounted an r.balirg of Gentry, tope: their Sons to get their Living by Shop-keeping, and our Law d.d account it d.fparagement of a Ward in Chivarr, to l.e m.rried to a Shop¬ keepers Daughter, or to ar.y nicer Citizen; for Trade •e been rcp.it! the dn.ablcneis of tiicy lurdly grow ui,f.dnia,n chj.if.rg- A Mer f< m dnii'g vung 'dint (Li ./1 if A] ftrp hirr(:ij itrJ an Hui'dkr jhall not h. 3 Of ENG LAND. and Trull, unlcfs lie had left off Trading ten years before. So by the Imperial Laws, a Tradcl'man is not capable of any Horn u:able E- llace, nor to be a Commander over Souldicrs; and therefore the Engliih Nobility ami Gentry till within late years, judged it a /lain and di¬ minution to the honour and dignity of their la- milies, to fetk their Childrens nipporc by -.hop- keeping, hut only (as in all great Monarc! ie:) by Mil.tarv, Court, State, or Church Imploy- ments, inuchlcfsu) fuiijedt their Children to art Apprentifage, a perfeft Servitude; for during tbit tine, whatever they gain by their Mailers Trade, or theirown Wit, bclonr s all to their Ma’i r; neither can thev lie out of their M d ;, rs H 'life, nor take a Wife, nor Trade of their own, but fubjedt to all Huufhold Work, ad Commands of their Miller, undergo what pu- nifhment, and eat and wear what their Mailer pleafcth: which Marks of Slavery conlidercd, Herald.-arc of op nion, that a Gentleman there¬ by lof.th his Civ .tility for ever, till he can other- wife recover it; and yet, to the ihameef our Nation, we have fecn of late not only the S.ms Baronets, Kn : ghts and Gentlemen • in ting m Shops, and fomt times of pcJling Trades, tar more fit for Women and their Daughters, but alfoan Earl of this Kingdom fubiedting his Son to an Apprentifage and Trade; but the lolly of the Engliih in iwcrving from their Anccllors herein, (as in other things) is now apparent, fit thnfc young Gentlemen paffeflmg more no¬ ble and adtivc Spirits, could not brook Inch dull flivilh liv.s, and being thereby unfitted f< r ether lisploymcnts, have generally taken ill de¬ bauched courfes. The true Engliih Nobility and Gentry have in all times made it their main aim to endow p 3 their ; ,8 €Ije l^efeut State their Sons with fuch Aeeomplilhmcnts, cfpeci. ally as might render them capable todefeBd their Countiy in time of War, and to govern it in time of Peace; for which two things, all Gen¬ tlemen feem to be born, and therefore their chief Studies have ever been that of the Great Empc- rour jujlir.iin, andfhonld be of all Princes and Nobles, viz. Demi Legei f»rU Ami quin pciime ciVere. To be excel!- ntly skill’d in the Art of War abroad, and in the Laws of the Land at home. of ENGLAND.. PRIFIL EDGES Of the Lower NOBILITY. T H E lower Nobility of England have fewer and Icfs Priviledgcs than tliofc in other Monarchies. Some few Priviledgcs belong to ^nights, qua- m> Knights. If a Knight bea Minor, yet ihall he be out of Wardfhip both for Lands, Body and Marriage; for-though the Law doth judge him not able todo Knights Service till 'h • age of :i years, yet the King being Sovereign and Su¬ preme Judge of Chivalry , by Dubbing hint Knight, doth thereby allow him to be able to S3 him Knights Service. Knights arc cxcufed from attendance at Court- Lects. Knights by MagnaChirta, cup -i r. arc fo freed, that no DemefnCart of theirs may be taken. The Son and Brother of a Knight by Statute Law, arc capacitated to hold more than one Be¬ nefice for the Cure ofSouls. By the St,it. Frimo Jacobi, it f-'ems that Knights and their Sons (though they cannot fpend io/. per annum, nor arc worth too l.) may keep Grcyhourds, Setting-Doss, or Nets, totakePheafants or Partridges. Some Priviledgcs alfo belong to Gentlemen. Anciently if an Ignoble Perlon did flrike a Gen¬ tleman in England, he was to lole his hand. A Gentleman byJrtt. Quint. Eliz . may not be compelled toferve in Husbandry. P 4 The 3 2o €JjC P?cfeiit State Ti.c Child of a Gentleman brought up to ling, can.-.ot be taken without the Parents a:,c| Ir-icnds confine to lave in the King’s Cliapp.l, as otiiers may. The Horfj of a Gentleman may not b: taiten to ride Poll. Note, Tiiat as there are fome great Officers of the Crown, who far their Dignity and Worth of their Places, although they are not Noble¬ men, yet take place amongft thehigheftof the Higher Nobility; lb there arc fomc Perfons, who for their Dignities in tl.cChurch, Degrees in the llniverfity. Offices in the State or Army, although they are neither Knights nor Gentle¬ men born, yet take place amorglt them, lb all Deans, Archdeacons, Chancellors, Prc seeds, Dodlors of Divinity, Law, Phylickand Muliik, Heads of Houles in the llniveriities, ufually take place next to Knights, and before ordinary Ef< quires and Gentlemen. Yet in other Chridian Countries where the Civil Law hath its due Credit in fuch Adis as concern Learning, aDodtor of Law hath prece¬ dence of a Knight: as alfo at Court in Foreign parts, thofe Dodlors that wait on the Prince, precede the Knights who arc Servants to the Prince: but otherwife Knights ufually take place of Dodlors. Likcv.ileall Judges of Courts, Juflices of the Peace, All Coma iilionated Officers in the Army, as Colonels, Mailer of Artillery, Quarter-Mailer- General, [£c. All higher Officers in the Kings Court or State. All Sergeants at Law, The Pc are wont to precede Libuiics. All 32] Of ENGLAND. All Batchelors of Divinity, Law and Phyfick, all Doctors in Arts, commonly called Mallets of Arts, illBarrellers in tlielnnsof Court,all Cap¬ tain;, and other Military Officers who have the KingsCemmiflions, divers other Officers in the Kings h'oufhoU , Crc. may equal, if not pre¬ cede Gentlemen that have none of thciet^iiali- hcatioiis. In Erghd, Gentry (as in Cerm.tr.} all xob- lityi ami Arms arc held \nG.ivcl’\inJi, delceml- ing to a! 1 the Sons alike, only the cldelf Son bcarcth Arms without difference, which the younger may not. Of the Lower Nobility in ErgUvd. the num¬ ber is lb great, that there are reckoned at prt- I'ciit ah, ve yoo Baronets, more than the fir If in¬ tended number; that is, in all. aboveyoo. who arc polfcif, one with another, of about uco/. a year in Lands OfKnights, above 1400. "ho ore with another, may lmveaboutSoo/. Lands a year. Of Efquircs and Gentlemen,above 6cco, each one potTclf one with another, ofabout 400 a year in Lands, bclides younger Brothers, whole number may amount to about idoco in all Erg- hni, who havetlnall Lfiates in Land, bur ai^c toaimenly bred up to Divinity, Law, Phy/kkv to Court, and Military Implovmcr.ts, but of. late too marry of them to Simp-keeping. The Lan-'sin the pofledionor the LowerNo-> bility, will amount to about hour Millions and; fixty thoulandpounJsycarly. N xt to the lower Nobility, and the fi, lb decree of tir: Commons or Plebeian 1 , arc the Freeholder:. in EvgUr.d, commonly eaihd Yeo¬ men, frtnithe high Dutch, Gemen. 01 Gotuin.i i uErglili, Common', fo in the-Kings Court it ha-, v s >^ l!l Cljc State r/ifieth an Officer, which is in a middle place be¬ tween a Sergeant and a Groom, or clic from the Lotv Dutch, Teaman, Some hi), as the Spa¬ niards call a Gentleman Hidalgo, Hi\o d'algt, that is, The Son of feme body, but they have no other word to exprefs Yeoman than Labrador t Labouree. The Yeomanry of England having Lands of thc;r own, to a good value, and living upon Husbandry, arc lookt upon as not apt to com¬ mit, or omit any thing that may endanger their Eliarcs and Credits, not apt to be corrupted or fuboi ned, hie. Wherefore they arc judged (it to bear feme Offices, as of Conllablc, Church¬ warden, to ferve upon Juries, to be Train-Sol¬ diers, to vote in the Elcftion of Knights of the Shire for Parliament, hie. In Cafes and Caufes, the Law of England hath conceived a better opinion of the Yeomanry that occupy Lands, than of Tradclmcn, Artifi¬ cers, or Labourers, Husbandry hath in no Age rendred a Gentle¬ man ignoble, nor uncapable of places of Honour Amongfl the Romans, fome of the greateft Di¬ lators and Confuls, had been once Husband- me", and fome of them taken from ploughing their Ground, tobcarthofc higheft Offices and Dignities, as Z. Cincinnatus, one of the Ca¬ to's, and many others; fo divers Princes, Kings and Emperours, have cxercifed Agriculture; and the Grand Scifio, and the Empcrour Dip ckJifK, left their Commands to enjoy Husban- d, y. By the Statutes of England, certain Immuni¬ ties are given to Freeholders and Land-men, though they arc not Gentlemen. Fiit SW, i Jacobi, eaf. 17, hi tlibi. of ENGLAND. Or the Freeholders in England, there are more in number, and richer, than in any Coun¬ try of the like extent in Europe, 4° or 50/. a year apiece is very ordinary, 100 and 100 /. a year in ibme Counties, is not rare, fomctinies in Kent 1000 i. and 1500 Z, Betides thefe Freeholders, (which ate fo ca,- led becaufe they hold Lands or Tenements in¬ heritable by a perpetual Right to them and their Heirs for ever) there are in England a very great number of Copyholders, who hold Lands within fomc Mannorsonly by Copy of Court- Roll of the faid Mannor, tfc. and have, perpetuum, Ctf utile Dominium, though not Alio- iium direllum Dominium, which Freeholders may improperly be faid to have, for propci ly none in England but the King hath. Amongft the Commons of England, in the next place are reckoned Tradefmen, among whom. Merchants of Foreign Traffick, have, for their great benefit t&thc publick, and for their great endowments, and generous living, been of belt repute in England ; and although the Law of England look upon Tradefmen and Chapmen, that live by buying and felling, as a bafer fort of people, and that a Ward within Age, may bring his Aftion of Difparagcment apaiuft his Guar¬ dian, for offeiing any fuch in Marriage; yet in England as well as Italy, to become a Merchant of Foreign Commerce, without ferying anyAp- prentifage, hath been allowed no difparagcment to a Gentleman born, cfpecially to a younger brother. Amongft Tradefmen, in the next place are Wholc-falc-men , then Retailers; laltly, Mc- chanicks, orHandicraftfmcn. Thefe arc all ca- pablc 323 €:ije parent state pable of bearing Pome fway or Ollice in Cities anti Towns Corporate. The lowed Member, the Feet of the Body Politick, arc the Day-labourers, who, by their large Wages given them, and the chcapnefs of all neccffarics, enjoy better Dwellings, Diet, and Apparel in Er,glxr.i, than the Husbandmen do in many other Countries. Liberties and Privi ledges. A S the Clergy and Nobility hare certain Priviledges peculiar tothemfelvcs,ro they have Liberties and Properties common to the Commonalty of Evghtd. The Commons of Etighni for Hereditary Fundamental Liberties and Properties, arc bleli above and beyond the Subjects of any Monarch, or State in the World. Fir/1, No Freeman of EtigUnd ought to be imprifoned , or ochcrwife retrained , without caufc (hewn for which, by Law, he ought to be fo imprifoned. Secondly, To him that is imprifoned , may not be denied a Writ of Mens Corns , if it be denied. of ENGLAND; Thirdly, If 0° caufc of Imprifonmcnt beal- lcdgcd, and the fame be returned upon an AC- has Corpus, then cue Prifoiicr ought to oe la at liberty. Fourthly, No Soldiers can be quartered in■ the Houle of any Freeman , in time of Peace, without his Will , though they pay for their Quarters. Fifthly, Every Freeman hath fucll a full and absolute propriety in his Goods, that no Taxes, Loans, or Benevolences, ordinarily and legally can be impofed upon them, without their own cor.lenr, by their Rcprcfcntatives in Parliament. Moreover, They have fuch an abfolutc Power, that they can dil'pofcof all they have, how they plcaie, even from their own Children, and to them,’ in what inequality they will, without jhevreg any caulc; which other Nations, go¬ verned by the Civil Law, cannot do. Sixthly, No Englijl) Man can be Pred, or com¬ pelled (unlcfs bound by bis Tenure) to march forth of his Country, to ferve as a Soldier in the Wars, except in calc of a Foreign Enemy mva- dine, or a Rebellion at home. Nor may lie be lent out efthe Realm again!! his Will, upon any Foreign employment, by way of an honourab.c bai.ilhr.ient. Seventhly, No Freeman can be tryedbotby his Peers nor condemned, but by the Laws ot the Land,’ or by an Aft of Parliament. Rightly, Ne Freeman may be Fined for any Cnmc, but according to the merit of the fcncc, always Si'no fbi corMKmm fa, in fuch 3*6 Clje Parent ©tate manner, that he may continue, and go on in his Calling. Briefly, If it be confidercd only, that ordina¬ rily they are fubj-.ft to no Laws, but what they make themfdves, nor no Taxes, but what they impofe thcmlelvcs, and pray the King and the Lords to conf.nt unto, their Liberties and Pro¬ perties mud be acknowledged to be tranfccn- dent, and their worldly condition moli happy and blefled ; and fo far above that of the Sub¬ jects of any of our Neighbour Nations, that as all the Women of Europe Would run into Eng- Uni (the Paradife of Women) if there were a Bridge made over the Sea ; fo all the Men too if there were but an Aft for a general Naturali¬ zation of all Aliens. CH^fc Of ENGLAND. CHAP. XX. Of the Women of England. T ouching the Women of England, there are divers things conliderable in the Englijb Laws and Cufioms. Women in England with all their moveable Goods, fo foon as th~y are Married, are whollyin potefaie viri, at the Will and Difpofition ot the Husband. If any Goods or Chattels be given to a Feme- Coiert, to a Married Woman, they all immedi¬ ately become her Husbands She cannot Lett-, Sett, Sell, giveaway, oralicnate any thingwith- out her Husbands confent. Her very ncccffary Apparel, by the I,aw, is not; tars in property. If (he hath any Tenure at all; irft in Ctpite, that is, (he holds it of, and by her Husband, who is Caput Mulierx; and therefore the Law faith, Vxor fulget raiin Muni. All the Chattels perfonal the Wife had at the Marriage, is fo much her Husbands, that after his death, they lhall not return to his Wife, but go to the Executor or Adminidrator of the Hus¬ band, as his other Goods and Chattels, except only her Ttuphtrnl, or Prater doulii, which are her ncccffary Apparel, which, with the con¬ fent of her Husband, (he may devife by Will; not otherwife by our Law, bccaufe the property and poffellion, even of the Panpkerna, arc in him. The Wife can make no Contraft without her Husbands confent, and in Law-Matters, Sintvi- > 2 3 Cljc p?cfcnt state The Law of England fuppofcs a Wife to be in fo much Subjcdtio.i and Obed cncc to her Hus¬ band, as to have no Will at all of lur own: Wherefore, if a Man and his Wife commit a Fe¬ lony together, the Wife by the Law can be nei¬ ther Principal nor ntcefi'ary; the Law 1'uppo- hiig, that in regard of the Subjection and Obc- ditnee flic ows to her Husband, 11;c was ncccili- tated thereunto. The Law of England fuppofts in the Husband a power over his Wife, as over his Child, or Servant, to correct her when (he oficmls; and therefore he mull anlwer for his Wives fault, if fhc wrong another by her Tongue, or by Trcf- pal's, he mull make utisfaftion. So the Law makes it a; high a Crime, and al¬ lots the fame puniflimcrt to a Woman that fhall kill her Husband, as to a Woman that (hall kill her Father or Mailer, and that is Fitit-Tmjk, to be burnt alive. So that a Wife in England is de jure but the bell of Servants, having nothing her own, in a more proper fenfc than a Child hath, whom his Father luffers to call many things his own, yet can difpolc of nothing.- Thc Woman upon Marriage lofcthnot onlv the Power over her Perfon, and her Will, and the property of her Goods, but her very Name; forever after flic ufeth her Husbands 1 urnamc, an 1 her own is wholly laid alkie ; which is not obferved in Erur.ee and other Countries, where the Wife fubferibes her felf by her Paternal Name ; as if Sufanm, the Daughter of J{. Clij- ford, be married to E. Chamberlain, Ihc either writes her lelf SuUr.ru Clifur.l, or cKe Sufanm C.ijjord Chamberlain. Nocwithllsiiding all which , their condition de fade, is the b-it of the World; for Inch is tic of ENGLAND. laturc of Englfymon towards^ n upon no Drudgery and liardihip; ■ v,rTca Dridge over into Engl ini, it is thought ail the Women in a Wife bring forth a Child , d k-r», within this lflantl, he rnurt father that: Child: and if that Child be her fid-born Son, klhall inherit that Husbands Efote, if Entail¬ ed, or left without Will. if a Wife bring f c rth 2 Child, begotten bj a former Husband, or by any other, before Mar¬ riage, but born after Marriage with anocner Man; this latter muft own the Child, and thac Child (hall be his Heir at Law. . Tire Wife, after her Husbands dcatn. having no lovisture fctlcd before Marriage, may chal¬ lenge the third part of his yearly Rents of Land during her life; and within the City of Union , As the Wife doth participate of her Husbands Name, fo likewile of his Condition. If he be a Duke (he is a Dutchcfs: if he be a Knight, he is a lady; if he be an Alien, made a Deni- fun, (he is# j^o. fo too. If a free man marry a Bond-woman, fnc is alio free during the Coverture ; whereof alio i: is laid as be.ore. Cjje parent State All Women in Etighnd arc comprifcd under Noble or Ignoble. Noble-women are fo three manner of ways, viz- by Creation, by Defeent, and by Marriage. The King, the Fountain of Honour, may, and oft hath created Women to be Baronefe, Countefles, Dutchcfles, (Sc. By Defeent, fuch Women arc Noble, to whom Lands holdcn by fuch Dignity, do defectd at Heir; for Dignitiesan-1 Titles of Honour, for wantofMales.do fame; imesdeftend to Females; but to one ofthemo e!y,becaufe they arc things in their own nature entire, ar.dnotto he divided amongft many, ( as the Lands and Tenements are, which defeend toall the Daughters equally) bcfidcs, by dividing Dignities, the Reputation of Honour would be loft, and the ftrength of the Realm impaired; for the Honour andCMwfiyof the Realm doth sbiefly wflfift j.A the Mobility thereof. By Marriage all Women arc Noble who take to their Husbands any Baron or Peer of the Realm ; but if afterwards they Marry to Men not Noble, they lofe their former Dignity, and follow the condition of their latter Husband: for eodem modo diffolvim , arm NobiHuts, yss tetfitujtor. Put Women Noble by Creation, or D. fee n r, or Birth -right, remai n N able, though they Mai ry Husbands under their Degree; for fuch Nobility is accounted Chinfler ixdcUbilii. Here note, that by the Courtcfic of Enghnd, a Woman. Noble only by Marriage, always re¬ tained her Nobility ; and fo the Widow ofa Knight, Married to any inferiour Pcrlon, re¬ tained bycourteGc, the Title and Name gotten by her former Husband: but if the Kings Daugh- Of ENGLAND. 331 t e r marry a Duke or an Earl, tilt ftmfer iieim \tgtlii, as well by Ltv> as Counefs. Note alfo, that any Woman, who is Noble b v Birth, if (he be married to a Baron, takes place according to the Degree cf her Husband, though fhc be a Dukes Daughter; but if (he marry to one under thofe of the high-, r No unity, as to a Knight or a Gentleman, then, by Cour- ttiic, place is given according to her Birth, and not her Husband. „ , . Noblewomen , in the Eye of the Law, arc Peers of the Realm, and are to be trico by their Peers, and to enjoy moft other Privileges, Ho¬ nour and Refpedt, as their Husbands: Only they cannot, by the opinion of fomc great Lawyers, maintain ar. Adtion upon the Statute, Pc Sea- dilo Mtgrutm, the Makers of that Statute mean¬ ing only to provide in that cafe for the Great Men, and got for the Wwn c *. a. s tilC v ?rd5 that Statute fetm to import. Likewife, if any of the Kings Servants within his Check-Roll, fiiould confpirc the death of any Noble-woman, this were not Felony, as it is, if like Conspiracy beagainft a Nobleman. None of the Wives Dignities can come by Marriage to their Husbands, although all their Goods and Chattels do; only the Wives Digni¬ ties with her Lands, arc todclcciidto her next Heir: vet is the Cuurtdieof F.rghtti Inch, that as the W ife fur her Dower hath the thn d part ot her Husbands Lands, during her Life ; lo the Hus¬ band, for the Dignity ofl is Sex, and for getting his Wife with Child,' (which mull appear by be- irg born alive) (hall have all his Wives Lands (for his Dower, if it may be lb called } during €Ijc l&efent State By the Conflitutions of Er.ghnd, Married Pcrfons arc fo fad joyned, that they mav not be wholly fcparat.d by any agreement between them.'elves, but onle by fcntcnce of the Judge; and fuch reparation is either a Vinculo Minimi- 7iii, and that i', ob prxcorttriBum, vtl ob ctmin- [}um per metm efjecium, vel ob frigidittttm, vtl obifjir,intern, fiveCorfjrguiniutenhvelob feiiii- im-, or clfcfuch reparation is a MajitfTkrt, and that is, ob Adulterim. The Wife in Er.ghr.d is accounted fo much one with her I lmband, that (he cannot be pro¬ duced as Witnefs loi, or againil her Husband. CHAP. of ENGLAND. CHAP. XXI. Of Children. T He Condition of Children in Engtmi is different from thofe in our Neighbour- °^Husbands have a more abfolutc Authority ever their Wives, and their Eftates, fo Fathers have a more abfolutc authority over their Chit- (Vn. Fathers may give all their Eftates unm- uiied from th-.ir own Children, and all to any one Child, and none to the reft; the conhdera- tion whereof, keeps the Children in great awe. Children, by the Common-Law of EsgUrJ, arc, at certain Ages, enabled to perform cer¬ A Son, at the age of u, maychufehuGua. dim, may claim his Land liolden in Scage.tmY co' lent to Mariage, may, by W ill, dupofc of G. oils and Chattels. A: the age of 15, he ought to dc f.vcrn to hi. Allegiance to the i.ing. At ei, he is faid to be of finl age, m-v th.n make any Contrails, may pals, not only Goods, bn: Lands by Will , which m other Coontucs 334 CSe pjefetit State At 9 flic is Dowable, as if then, or Toon after fhc could virm fujluere, and thereby Dotat FT": idle is enabled to ratifie and confirm her former content given to Matrimony, and if at that age the diflent not, flic is bound forever; (he may then make a Will of Goods and Chat- te> At u, flie might receive her Lands into her own hands, and was then out of Wardihip, if flie was 14 at the death of her Anceifor, At 1 6 (though at the death of her AnccUor flic was under 14 ) flie was to be out of Ward- fliip; becaufe then (he might take a Husband, who might be able to perform Knighfs-Service. Ac 11, fhc is enabled to Conti ad or Alienate her .Lands, by Will, or otherwife. The ,'ldcft Son inherits all Lands, and to the younger Children are difpofed Goods ami Chat- tels, and commonly the cldcll Sons Wives I or- tion ; and bcfidcs, they arc carefully Educated in Pome Profcilion orTrade. If there be no Son, the Lands as well as Goods arc equably divided amongfl the Daughters. CHAP. of ENGLAND. 335 CHAP. XXII. Of Servants. T Hc condition of Servants in Etglani, is much more favourable than it was in our Anediors days, when it was fo bad, that Eng- hni was called the Purgatory of Servants, as it was, and is Hill, the Paradife of Wives, and the Hell for Horfes. Ordinary Servants arc hired commonly for one year, at the end whereof they may be free, (giving warning three months before) and may place thcmfelves with other Mailers; only it is accounted difeourtcous and unfriendly, to take another Mans Servant, before leave given by hig former Mailer; and indifereettotake a Servant without Certificate of his diligence, and of his faithfulncl's in his Service to his former Mailer. All Servants arc fubjeft to be corrcftcd by their Mailers and MiilrclTcs, ard refinance in a Servant is pu.ilhcd with fcverc penalty; but fc r a Servant to take away the life of his or her Ma¬ iler or Millrifs, is accounted a Crime next to High Treafon , and called Petty Treafon, and a peculiar punilhmcnt Capital. Foreign Slaves in Er.gUr.i are none fincc Chritlianity prevailed. A Foreign Slave brought into England, is upn Landing, ipfn fito, free from slavery, but not from ordinary Service. Some La'tls in Ertghr.i arc holdcn in f'il a- wge, to do feme ;ui titular Services to the Lord 33 6 W patent State of the Manner, and fuch Tenants may be called tl;c Lords Servants. There is a two-fold Tenure called f r ihntp l one "her the Tenure onely is Servile, as to plough the Lords Ground, fow, reap, -nd bring home his Corn, dung hisLand, &c. H : other vvh reby both lx, fon and Tenure is fcrvilc, and bou. d in all refpefts at the difpolition of the Lord ; fuJi Perlo s arc called in Law, TurtVib Uins and arc to do all Villanous Sci vices, to improve the Laud he holds to the Lords life, themflvcs to be wholly at the Lords f.rvicc, and what.ver they get is for their Lord : Of fiich there are row but few left in EtghrJ. The neared to this condition arc Apprentices, (.hat fignifies Letrms a fort of Servants that carry the mark of pure Villains or Bond-flayes, (as before in the Chapter of Gentry is intimated) dieting however in this, That Apprentices are 's only for a time, and by Covenant; trie other arc fo at the Will of their Maficr. C H A P. of ENGLAND. SJ7 CHAP. XXIII. Of the ROTJL SOCIETY. H Aving in this fmall Treatife had occaGon to make known to the World, by Name, out Princes, Prelates.Noblcs, Great Officers ofStatc, Privy Counfdlors, Principal Courtiers , our Judges, Sergeants at Law, Civilians, tfc. all nmv living; It will not be altogether imperti¬ nent to add hereunto, not only the Names of all thofe worthy Governours, and eminent Pro- fdTors, in our two famous Univerfities, but al¬ io all thofe who of late have lifted themfclves, for promoting that admirably ingenious defign, for bettering the condition of Humane Life, by a vigorous advancement of Real Knowledge, and a fpeedy improvement of Arts and Sciences: of whofe Inftitution, Progrefs, and many very ufcful Difeoveries, take this brief Account, exa trafted, in part, out of that excellent Hidory, written by Dr. Sprat. ThefirilAflcmbly, which laid the Foundati- on of this i{o)al Society, was (fome years before the happy Keftauration of our dread Sovereign CHARJ.ES the Second) at Wadbam-Colledgein Oxford, in the Lodgings of Dr. Wilkins, late Lord Bilhopof Ckejler, where did then ufually meet, Dr. Jt'ii) Ward, now Lord Bifhop of Salubury, the Honourable Robert Boyle, Sir William Petty, Mr. Matthew Wren , Dr. Wall it, Dr. Goddard, Dr. if/i'x, Dr. Sitkurjl, now Dean of WeSs , Sir Q_ CM-. 3 j3 %\)t p?efctit State Ckrithpker Win , now His Majcftics Surveyor- General.Mr tfeoke.and fomc others; all Perfom of incomparable word). Afterwards, about the year 165 S. many of them living in London, had a mectingat Crejlum-Colledgs, and this meeting ■was augmented by the acccllion of the Lord Vi- count Smrkft, Lord Brereton, Sir Rpb. Mott], Sir P.«! foil, $olm Evelyn El'q; ThomKenjbm Efu; BenrySlingsbyE^, Dr. Timothy Chiky , Sir Geo.Ent, WiUimBiU Efq; AbnbimHtUU^Dt, WiiiUm Croon, and divers other eminent Pcc- fons, till that wonderful pacifick year icJ^o; then the defign being favoured by fome mgcni- ous worthy Perfons, who, to their immortal Honour, had followed the King in His Exile: at length, His Majefly taking notice thereof, was eracioufly pleafed fo far to favour and encourage it, as to grant a large Charter, bearing date the nth of Airil, r f?ft3. whereby they were made a Corporation, to confflt of a Prelidcnt, of a Council, and of Fellows, for promoting the knowledge of Natural Things, and ufcful Arts, by- Experiments, wherein His Majelty declares Himfelf to be Founder and Patron , granting them power to purclmfe Lands and Houfes, to have a Common Seal, a Coat of Arms, twoSe- crctaries, two or more Curators of Experiments one or more Clerks, and two Sergeants at Mace: tottiakeLaws, Statutes, Orders, and Conltitc- tions among themlelvcs, to have one or more Printers and-Gravers, with a power to Print what they (hall fee good, to take ami anatomize dead Bodies of Perfons who have been put to death by order of Law, to crea Collcdgcs, U the Office of the Prelidcnt (this year Sir Clrifopler Win) is to call, and diflblve the Meetings,-to propofc the, Matter whereem M Of ENGLAND. coniu'er, to put Queftions, to call for Experi¬ ments, to admit the Members that from time to time ihall be; defied, lie. The Treafurer (this year Mr. A. Hill) re¬ ceives and disburfts alhMoncys. The Secretaries (this year Dr. Gale and Mr. l{. Honk ?) read all Letters and Informations, replies to all Addredes and Letters from Foreign parts, or from others, take notice of the Or¬ ders and Material Paflagcs at the Meetings, Rc- giftcr all Experiments, all certain Informations, all ConduGons, Cie. Publilh whatfoever is or¬ dered and allowed by the Society. The Curators, or Expcrimcntors, arc to re¬ ceive the direfliors of the Society, and at ano¬ ther Meeting, bring all to the Tell, and the Ja- ciety judges thereof, whereby the World may have the Concurring Teflimony of many Perfons of undoubted credit, for the Truth of whatever they Ihall publilh. . Their manner of Elefling Fellows, is accor¬ ding to the Venetian way, by Bal lotting. At one Affembly, the Candidate is propofed by fame that know him well; the next he may be put to the Scrutiny, for which the Candidate muft have the major number of n Suffrages at the lcalt, and then at that, or the next Allcmbly, he may beintroduced, and folemnly admitted by the rrcGdent. At his admiffion he fubferibes this promife following, viz. That be mil! endeavour topmote the good of the Royal Society oft ondon, ftr the Improvement of Natural knowledge. Aficr this, he may atanytime free himfelfffora this Obligation, only by fignifying underhis hand to the Prcfidcnt, that he deftres to withdraw from the Society. 1 When any one is admitted, he pays to the Trcalurcr only 4o r. and then 13 s. a quarter, Q,i fo Clje parent State fo long-as he continues a Member of the Socittj. Their Meeting was before the dreadful Fire at Grejbam-Colledge in London, every Wcdnefiiy at thrceof the-Clock in the afternoon; and fincc, was by the favour of the Lord Henry Howard, now Duke of fcorfolk', and Earl Marlhal of Eng¬ land. at Arur.dcl-Loufe, the fame day and hour, but is now again at Grejham-Coliedge every Wed- day about- the fame hour. . . . The defign of the Fjiyal Society is in brief, to •make faithful Records of all the Works of Na¬ ture, or of Art, which can come within their reach fo that the prefent Age and Poltcriiy may •be able to put a mark on the Errours which have been (lengthened by long Prcfcription ; tore- j (lore the Truths that have been ncglcftcd, to pul on thofe which are already known to more va¬ rious ul'cs; to make the way more paffablc to •what rcmainsunrevcalcd, Sr. The bufinefs of their weekly Meetings is to order, to take account, confidcr, and difeourfe of rbilofophical Experiments and Obfcrvations; to read, hear, and difeourfe upon Letters from .all Parts, Reports, and other Papers containing Tbilofofbical Matters; to view and difeourfenp- -on the Produiiions and Rarities of Nature and Art; tc confidcr what to deduce from, them, .how they-may he improved for the benefit of Mankind’ which i6 their main aim. In the ir difeourfing, they lay afidt all fet5pce- chcs and eloquent Harangues,-,(as fit to be ba- nifht out of all Civil Affcmblies, as a thing found by woful experience, efpeciallyin England, fatal to Peace and good Manners) and every one cu- dcavours to cxprcl's his opinion, or defire, in the plained, and moll concifc manner.. But the greatclf Quliiiion amongd fomcMen at prclcntis, Wk.it kaib tbit Royal Society donuu OfENGLAND. 341 if* while f which, for the fatisfaftion of thofe Men, Ihall here receive fuel) an Anfwer, as the intended brevity of this Book will allow. The Society then, fincc their firft InfH- tution, hath made a vaft number of Experiments, inalmoil all the Works of Nature; they have made particular enquiries into very many things of the Heavens, as well as of the Earth, Eclipfes, Comets, Meteors, Mines,Plants, Animals, Earth¬ quakes, fiery Eruptions,Inundations: Of Lakes, Mountains, Damps, Subterraneous Fires: Of Tides, Currents, and Depths of the Sea, and many hundred other things. They have com¬ pared many excellent fhort Hiilories of Nature,, of Arts, of Manufafturcs, and of Works, where¬ of fome arc extream curious. In a word, the Difcovcries and Inventions, made, Ihoulcl we fay, but by fome few Pcrfons of this Society, if well confidcred, feem to furpafs the Works of many foregoing Ages. But, what advantage and benefit appears after fo many Meetings ? It is true, they have made many Experiments of Light, ( as the Excellent Lord Bacon calls them) and perhaps not fo ma¬ ny Experiments of Bruit or Profit, yet without doubt, fome may hereafter find out no finall ule and benefit, :vcn in thofe Lucifcrous Experi¬ ments which now feem only curious and delight¬ ful : but it is alfo as true, that the Sgytl Society bath made a great number of Experiments and Inventions, vcryprofitablcandadvancagcousto • Mankind. They- have mightily improved the Naval, Civil and Military Architcaurc. They have advanced the Art, Conduft, and Security, of Navigation. They have not only-put this Kingdom upon planting Woods, Groves, Or¬ chards, Vineyards, Evcr-Greens, but alfo he - land, Scotland, NcK-England, Virginia, Jamaica* Q_3 Tar, 342 €lje l&efent ®tate Barbtdoes ; all our Plantations begin to fed the Influences of this Society: They have awakened the whole Civilized, Lettered, and Intelligent World, fo that in all Countries they begin to be much more intent upon Experimental Know, ledge, and Practical Studies; upon new Inven¬ tions and Difcovcrics.which the Authors ofthem always recommend to thisSocicty, to be exami¬ ned, approved, or corroded; fo that if any of the prefent .Eng/rflt Nation be fo blind, as not to fee theufcfulncfs of this Society, Poftcrity, and Foreigners will, to their (harnc, acknowledge it with gratitude. To conclude, They have Regiflrccl Experi- ments, Hiflorics, Relations, Obfervations, (St. reduced them into one common Stock, and laid fome part of them up in publick Regifters, to he nakedly tranfmitted to the next Generation of Men, and fo to all Poflerity: hereby laying a folic'Ground-work for avail Pile ofExpcrimcnts, to be continually augmenting through all future Ages. A thing, if begun in time of the Learned Greek}orHomms, nay, if it had been begin but intheverylaft Refurreftion of Learning, in this lad Age, what Wonders would it in all proba¬ bility by this time have produced ? What depth of Nature would now have been unfathomed? what faculty of the Soul would be nowinthc dark? what part of Humane Infirmities would not have been provided againft ? Moreover, The xl Society, for the advance¬ ment of this Noble Defign, hath begun a Libra¬ ry, to confift only of fuch Authors, as may be ferviccable to that Defign; toward which, the prefent Earl Marfbal. of Enghni hath been plea- fed to bellow on the Society, the whole Norfob tint lilriry, with a free permiflion of changing fuch Books as are not proper for their Work, where- OfENGLAND. whereby in a fhort time they will be able to fhe w a Complete Collcftion, of all that hath been publilbt in Antient and Modern Languages, which either regard the production of Nature, or the Effefts of all Manual Arts. At Grejham-Colkdge is their Kefofl'.ory, the free ami bountiful Gift of Daniel Colmal Elq; lately dcicrib’d by Dr. Grerv ; wherein are to be Icon many thoul'ands of great Rarities, fetch¬ ed (fome of them) from the Earthed corners of the habitable World, at Beads, Birds, Fitbes, Serpents, Flics, Shells, Feathers, Secds.Mincrals, Rirths, foine things Petrified, others Ollified, Mummies, Gums, tie. Divers of which have been fir.ee added by other worthy Members of tint seci-ty, and brother ingenious Perfons; and '-i a fhort time is like to be (if not alrea¬ dy u ne of the larged, and mod curious Cullc- fliun; of the Works of Nature in the World.. The Coat of Arms granted by His Ma;c.ty to the /(om/ Society, is a Scutcheon with three Ly¬ ons o (England, in chief, intimating,. Thattfr;- Secictj is Hoyal ; the Cred is an Eagle, and-tht Supporters Hunting Hounds, Emblems of the quirked Sight and Smelling, to intimate the Sa¬ gacity, employed in penetrating and fcarching afar the Works ofNature. A M3 0.4 54 * Cfie Parent State An Exatt LIST Of the TOTAL SOCIETY, As they are at this prefent, And put in Alphabetical Order. H I S Sacred Majefly King Charles the Second, Founder and Patron. His Royal Highnefs Junes Duke of Terk, His Highnefs Prince Rupert, Count Palatine •f the Rhine. His Highnefs Ferdinand Albert, Duke of Irw{• mk. and Lunenburgb. Arthur Earl of Angkfej, L. P. Seal. Henrj Earl of Arundel. Robert Earl of Ailesburr. AretibiU of ENGLAND. Archibald Earl of At elk. fietn Lord of Annejley. Thomas Allen M. D. James Ardent D. D. William Aghtmby M.D. Elias AJbmolc Efq; Sir Bgbert Atkins Kt. Monfeur Adrian Auzbut. ; Join Awbtey EE]; George Duke of Buckingham.-.. George Earl of Berkley. Willi am Lord Vicount Bmnckff— Robert Boyle Efq; Nicholas Bagtal Efq; Sir Thom Bum Kt. William Bulk Efq; Cbrifliim Adolf. Btldmnus Ditlus Hcrm, Sir John Bunks Bar. Thoms Barrington Efq; Wfb Bathurjt D, D. John Beul D. D. Monfieur Theodore de Beringben. John Semie Efq; Edward Bernurd B. D-' At ire to Bircb M. D»- Willium Bridgman Efq;- Sir John Broo k.Bar. Edward Brown M. D. Monfkur Ij'mael Bullialdu !, Gilbert Burnet D.D. Charles Earl of Carlijle. John Earl of Grafori and linifi], Q.J m Williams. €f)e Relent State William Lord Cavendijb. Chirks Lord Clifford. John Lord Bifliop of Chefier. D. Art. Alvarez da Cttrha Peg. Luj. Archiit, Ciovmi Dorn. Cajfmi Affr. $eg. tar. Edmund Caff el D. D. Edward Chamberlain, L. L. D. Hugh Chamberlain M. D. Walter Chetwini Efq; Sir Wirjlon Churchil Kt. Berry Clark, M. D. Andrew Ckitch M. D. Mr. Dethlevus Chtvem. Sir Thorns Cluttcrbuck. Kt. Mr. John Collins. Sir Richard Corbet Kt. Peter Courthope Efq: Thomas Cox M. D. Daniel Cox M. D,, Thomas Cox Efq; John Creed Efq; Thomas Crijpe Efq; Sir Ceorge Crokf Kt. Sir John Cutler Kt. and Bar.: William Earl of Devorffire „ Charles Lord Durjlcy, Sir Anthony Dean. E. . Sir Richard Edgtombe Bar. Berry Eue Efq; of ENGLAND. : H7 Maurice L. Vicount Fitzbarding. Sir Francu Fane, Knight of the Btik. Sir John Finch Kt. Mr. Tboms Firmitt. Sir Henry Ford Kt. G. Sir Bernard Gttfcon Kt. Sir William Godolpkin Kt.. Sir Boland Gwyr.rte Kt. H. George Earl of Halifax, chrles Lord Herbert. ' Thomas Lord Howard of Norfolk,- ' Theodore Hxak Ef<]; Mr. Edmund HaUye. William Hammond Efq.; David Hannifin Bibliotbecaritts Brim, Sir Edward Harley, Knight of the Bttb. ■ Sir James Hayes Kt. If ohn Herbert Ef<]; ; foh.ChrifUar.usHenfckM,D >. Dr. Vrbanxs Hiern. 'fames Hoar Efq; William Holder S. T. D. Anthony Hormk.V- K Mr. John Houghton. Charles Howard of Norf. Eft]; ; Edv:ari Howard of Norf. Efqj Jftin Stafford Howard bfq; William le Hunt Efq; Monf, Cbrijiia/i Hjvgent'de ZuljefaiH ■ ^ 34? ^&e Cerent State Mr. font) Jenkys. ’Jkxender Earl of Kjnctriin. D. Tbeodorm Kitchringim, Edmund Kj”S m. D. L. Robert Earl of Lindfey, Lord Great Chamber* lain. Sir John Uni'em Knight, Alderman of Un- don. tfofepb Line Efq; Gotbofred. Guilielm, lebnitiuh ]■ V. D» Jntbovy Putt Lcumnbock. Delpbenfs. Monf. Leyonberg, Env. Ext. of Sweden, bfohn lock. Efq; Sir fames Long, Knight and Baronet. Mlbony Lowtber Efq; Mnrtyn lyfler M. D. Mr. Hugnes Lovyi de Lyme, JMdtccJlm Malpighi M. D. John Mapletoft M, D. Mr Ntcbokm Mercator, Dom Gaffer de Mtm de Zeuz*-, J. V. D. lufit. Reger Meredith Efq; Dtrijlcpber. Merret M. D; Daniel Mills D. D. Henry Mote D. D. Sir forts More Kt„ •ftfJIKJ. Of ENGLAND. $a\m du Moulin M. D. Mr. Jofcpb Moxon. Henry Duke of Norfolk, Earl Marik of £»f. garnet Earl of Northman. William Napper Efq; Tbemat Seal Efq; Wliter Needham M. D. Sir Paul Neile Kt. Join Newbury Efq; Mr. Ifaac Newton Math. Pro. Luc. Nickolu Oudartpfq; P, Henry Earl of Peter burgh. Hemp Pamon M- D. Samuel Parker D. D. A. D. of Canterbury. Mr. William Payne. 3 obn Pell D. D. Sir William Petty Kt. William.Perry A. M. Mr. Tborrw Pigot. Sir Thomas Player Kt. Chamberlain c f London. Hubert Plat L. L. D. Walter Pope M. D. Sir William Portman Knight and Baronet, and Knight of the Bath. Tbomx Povey Efq; Henry Ptwk Efq; 349 C&e parent state 3J0 John Earl of Radnor.' Richard Earl of Ranalaugh. John Lord Bifhop of Rock(lif. Sir Hubert Rending Kt. and Bar. Francis Roberts Efq; Tml Ricant Efq; S. William Earl of Stafford. Anthony Earl of S'- tsbury. Seth Lord Bifhop of Salisbury. Mr. Oliver Salisbury. Jeremy Sambrooke Efq; John Ambroftu Saretti Nob. Fen. Ez. De Spanheim Env. of Bran, and Til. Sir James Shnen Knight and Bar. Thomas Sheriion Eftj; Monf. Willirn Scbroter. Sir Philip Sbjppon Kt. Sir Nicolas Sknnir.g Kt. Frederick, Shre M. D. Francis Smethwick, Efq; George Smith M. D. Tho. Smith B. D. William Seme Efq;' Tho, Spratt D. D. Sir Nicholas Steward Bar. John Earl of Tnedale. Hr Gilbert Talbot Kt. Sir John Talbot Kt. Sir Tho. Thyme Bar. •fth Of ENGLAND. John Tiilotfon D. D. Dean of Cant. Sig. Francifco Trttvagini Phil. Fen. V. Sir Theodore de Fault Kt. l[aac Foffm D. D. George Lord Biftiop of Winton. Edmund Waller Efq; Richard Waller Efq; John Wallic D. D. Sir Patience Ward Kt. Alderman of London. George Wheeler Efq; Sir Teulwbicbeot KC. and Bar. Daniel Whijller M. D. William Wmde Efq; John Wood Efq; Samuel Woodford D. D. Benjamin Woodroffe D. D. John Wray M. A. Sir Peter Wycbe Kt. Sir Cyril Wycbe Kt, Edmund Wylde Efq; Richard' Lord Archbilhop of Tori- Robert Earl of T armoutk. John Lord Tefter,. 352 ms* parent state A L IS T of the prefent Council Of the %0rAL SOCIETY ; Sir CHRISTOPHER WREN Kt. Surveyor-General, PRESIDENT. F Rincis Aft on Efq; Secretary cf theRojilSi- ciety. Willim Aerskint Efq; Vt*icl Colmll Efq; Willim Croon M. .6. John Evelyn Efq; Mr. John Fkmftad / Thoms Gale S. T. D. Nehemiah Grew M. D. Henry Hill Efq; Tbonrn Henjhtrv Efq; Alrahim Hill Efq; Treafurer of the Kcyaj Society.. Robert Hook, Geo. Pro. Gr. and Secretary if the Royal Society. Sir John Hoskjns Kt. and Bar. Sir ftohn Lowther Bar. ftikf Picker Efq; Sami 3S5 Of ENGLAND. Stmel Pepj! Efq; Sir Kobert Souihtil Kt. Edward Trfon M. D. Sir fifepb milhmprn Kt. Robert mod L. L. D. Of thefe Members of the Council', Eleven are to be continned for the next year, and Ten more to be added to that number, all to be chofen yearly upon the Feaft of St. Andrew in the Morning ; after which Elettion they all Dine toge« ther at a Venifon-Feaft, By 354 tlje l&efent State B Y the foregoing Lid, the Reader may take notice, that as our famous King Eimi the Third, who was Founder and Sovereign of the Noble Order of the Garter, yet for the En¬ couragement of Valour, and Valiant Pcrfons, was pleated to condcrccnd to make himfelf'onc of the 1.6 Fellows: So our Gracious Sovereign King ebtrlcs the Second , for the promoting Arts and Sciences, and to encourage Learned and Virtuous Men, hath been pleated, after the example of the grcatcll, and moft renowned Monarchs that ever were in the World, not only to Found and Patronize this molt ingenious In- (litution, but even to enroll Himfclf one of the number. The Reader may alfo perceive by this Lift, how many Sober, Learned , Solid , I ger,uous Perfons, of different Degrees, Religions, Coun¬ tries, Profcffions, Trades and Fortunes, have united and confpired, laying afide all Namcsor diftinftion, amicably to promote Experimental Knowledge. of ENGLAND. 355 The Names and. Titles of the Go¬ vernors of the feveral Colledges and Halls in the Vniverfity of OXFORD. D R. John Fell , T.ord Bifliop cf Oxford, Dean of Cbrift-Cburcb. Dr. Betas Clark., Prcfidcr.t of Migielen- ColleJgc, F. R.S. M. D.' Dr.- Beejlon, Warden of Mm Col¬ lege. Dr. Thomas Janes, Warden of All-Souls • Sir Thoms Ch?m, Warden of Merton. Dr.- Nemlin. Prclident of Corpus-Cbnjti. Dr. Timothy Halm. Provoft of Queens, and VkcchanccIlorofthcUmverfity. Dr. William Levinz, Prcfidcntof Jf. Johns, Dr. Riltb Batburft, Prcfidcnt of Trtr.it]> P* R. S. r Mr.—a— Meet, Principal of Dr. Thoms Say, Provoft of Oriel. Dr. Gilbert Ironpie , Warden of Waiham. Dr. Thomas Marfhal, Rcdor of Lincoln. Mr. Obeiiih Walksr, Mailer of Vniverpt], Dr. Arthur Bury, Rctior of Exeter. Mr. John Venn, Maftcr of Biliol. Dr.:- Lloyd, Principal of Jefus. Dr. John Hall, Mailer of Pembrook.. Dr.- Levett, Principal of Magdelen-Hall. Mr. Stefan Person, Principal of Edmoai-Hall. 35 6 rc&e parent State Dr.- Sourchier, Principal of Albon-HtH Mr.- stone. Principal of New Inn. Dr.- Eaton, Principal of GIocefier-Hill, Dr.- Crowiber, Principal of St- May NiH. Dr.- Zttmfjre, Principal of Hut-Hiti. The Names of the fever at Profef- fors and Lecturers in the Vniver ■ ftji of Oxford. T Hc Right Profcflor in Divinity, Dr. fat. The Margarets Profeffor in Divinity, Dr. Hell. The Regius Profcffor in Phyiick, Dr. luge. The Regius ProfdTor in Civil Law, Doflor lourciier. The Pnblick Orator, Mr. Wjatt, C. C. The Regius Profcffor of the Oriental Tongues, Dr. Pork.. The ." gins Profcffor of the Greek Tongue, Dr. levinz. The Anatomy Reader, Dr. luge. The Leflurcr of Hiftory, Dr. lamfjre. The Leflurcr of Natural Philofophy, Sir71&0, Millington. The Leflurcr of Aflronomy, Dr. Strnari. The Geometry Ledlurer, Dr. Wallis, F. R.S. The Leflurcr of Moral Philofophy, Mr. It- vinz, Soc. Col. Magd. The Botanick Leflurcr,- A of ENGLAND. 357 A Catalogue of the Mafers of all the Colleges and Halls in the Vntver- fty of CAMBRIDGE. D R. Beaumont D. D. St. Colledge. Dr. Blythe D. D. Clare mil. Dr. Coga D. D. VembroolgHal!. Dr. Spencer D. D. Corfu Chrijli Colledge- Sir Thomas Exton Doftor in Law, Trinity Ball. Dr. Brady M. D. Gonvil and Cam Colkdge. Dr. Coppkfton D. D. Kjrgs Colkdge. Dr. $amcs D. D. Queens Colledge; Dr. Echard D. D. -St. Katharine Ball. Dr. Saywell D. 'D. ?<■/£ Colkdge. Dr. Cudmerth D. D. Cb'ijh Colkdge. Dr. Gower D. B. St. Johns Colkdge. Dr. Peachel D. D. Magdalen Colkdge. Dr. Kortb D. D. Trinity Colledge. Dr. John Balderjhn D. D- Emanuel Colledge. Dr. Minfoall D. D. SuJJ'ex and Sidney Col- ■dge. J5 8 cije p^efeitt state, &c. The Names of the feverd Pdlick Profeffors in the Vniverftj of Cambridge. T Hc Kings Profeffor in Divinity, Dr. jf# Beaumont, . . The Lady Margarets Profeffor in Divinity, Dr. Raltb Widdringm. . . „ . The Profeffor in Civil Law, Dt.fdmSmi. The Profeffor in Pliylick, Dr. Robert Bid], The Publick Orator, Mr.- Billers. ^ The Mathematical Profeffor, Mr. — Mm F. R. S. „ . , The Hebrew Profeffor, Dr. — Cudmrit , The Greek Profeffor, Benj. Fulkjr, B. D. The Arabick Profeffor, Dr.-— Cajtel. FINIS. SECOND* TA'KT O F THE PRESENT STATE O F England. Together with DIVERS REFLECTIONS UPON The Atifietit State thereof! By F.DWAFJ) C HAM BE {LATNE Doctor of LAW S. The ELEVENTH EDITION, Corre&ed, and newly Augmented. In Magnk vohtiffe fat eji __ LO ND 0~N y Printed by r. N. For K, liukbury. ^ sem, and G.mlh. And are to be Sold by Sm Tidmarjh, j at the tied in ( cnbil, ifiSz. TO THE RIGHT HONOURABLE %lCHATf) q%AHAM Vifcount T^ESTONy I N T H E Kingdom of SCOTLAND • Envoye Extraordinary From His MAJESTY GREAT BRITAIN TO HIS MOST CHRISTIAN MAJESTY. This Eleventh EDITION Of the Second Tart of the Trelent State of ENGLAND !s Humbly Dedicated by the AV7B0L. A 2 To the Reader. I N a former fmall Treatife , Intituled , The Prefent State of England, the Au¬ thor having given a fuccinSt Account of the Government in General, as it is Monarchi¬ cal i and therein , of the King, Queen, Princes, and Princeffes of the Bloud j of the Great Of¬ ficers of the Crown •, of the King’s, Queen’s, and Duke of York’r Courts ■, of the Three States of England, Clergy ,No- A 3 bility, To the Reader, bility, and Commons, and of divers other ^emarlybles. In this Second Part o r tk Prdent State of England^ be bath endeavour'd to clefcrib^ with the like Brevity, the Par¬ ticular Government of Eng¬ land, Ecclefiattical, Civil, ad Military;- The feveral Courts of Juftice,' the Offices and Offi¬ cers belonging thereunto $ ad (for the fahg of Foreigners) to exhibit a particular Ttefcripiion of the Famous City of London, of the Two Unowned Univerf- tieSj See. In Fretting fuel) a Spacious and various Edifice , the Specta¬ tor , at firfi view , mill hardly con- To the Reader. concern how much Gains' was bejlowed in Digging the Foun¬ dation, in raifing Scaffolds, in fading, conveying, and fitting Materials, in contriving the Archite&ure, in removing the Kubbifb, See. Other Builders confidl only their own Brains, and the'Dead, (that is, Books) whereunto accefs may be had at alt Hours : But in this Work, the Living and the choicefi among them , were to be advifed with •, whereof fome were far difiant, others jeldom at leifure', feme unwilling to Communicate their Knowledge, at'., ers not at all affable. However, If the READER, reading in Few Hours , the A 4 Fruits - To the Reader. Fruits, of' Many Months La¬ bour , fball receive any Con¬ tent , the Author mill not only be fathfed for this , but en¬ couraged for another likgEnte;* j>ri%e* TABL E. A* A lims of City of London, The Kjngs Territories, and, Governours in A-' racrica. Page. 3 01 b 2 6 ; Bow-Steeple, and Obelisked Cheapfide. . Britannia. } 2 94 343 A Table. C. Government of the CHURCH? 0/England. S 14 Arch Bifbops, and Bifbops. 15 Their Temporal Employ-} ^ ments. > ^urifdiction. 17 Making a Bifirop. l 9 ' His Transition. 24 Dean and Chapter. 25 Arch Deacon. 27 Rural Dean. 27 Priefis and Deacons. 27 Church-warden , and Sexton. 29 Ordination of Priefts andy. Deuons. P Court of Kings Bench. 8 5 Lifiof Officers of that Court. 8 7 Court of Common-Pleas. 8 9 Prefent Officers of that Court. 91 Court of Exchequer. 9-5 Prefent A TABLE. P rife fit Officers of th.it Court. 98 Pipe Office. 99 Laver Exchequer yi’/jcre the \ A jugs Revenue is Recti-n02 vea and Disbarfd. ■> Fellers of the Exche -1 quer. ^ * Court of the Dutchy of Lan-) caller. . i High Court of Chancery. 10S Office of the. R.o!!s. ii.J Lift of the prefent Officers 7 . of tin Chancery. j '' Chrk of the Crown , Clerk] , of the Iimper. 5 , IVardtn of the Elect. n 7 Six Clerks. 117 Examiners in Chancery. 1 1 7 Clerks of the Petty Bag. riS Cursors t\ T am\<. l r 9 Circuits of t!k fudges Iy2i Government of Counties. f : dices of Peace .. 12? Sberifh ' 125. Coroners A TABLE. Coronets, Clerks of the Mar -1 ^ kets.. •> Government of Cities, &c. 41 Mayor. J ' CVr/er, Boroughs, Villages. 128 Petty-C onftables, Lords oft theSoile.. J Of the Cuftotn -Ho'fe. Colledges of London. Inns of Chancery. Inns of Court. Benchers, Barrijlers. Readings. Mooting in the Inns of ^ >129 284 249 249 250 252 ,254 Chancery. . ^ Manner of keeping Chrift-? mafs. * Their Prince, Revels, P»r-i^ Lament. d Degrees by which they rife. 259 Vacations.. 2 ^° Making a f udge. 262 Co/ledge of Civilians, or Do- 7 , ttors Commons. i Court. A TABLE. Page. Court of Arches Canter-?^. bury. i Court of Admiralty. 267 Prerogative Court of CaU-'K.g tcrbury. J High Court of Delegates 269 L’jl of the Doctors, or Ad- 1 , vocates Names. J Lift of the Prottors. 272 Colledge of phyfitians. 275 Lift of the prefect Meir+l^ hers. J Collage of Heralds. 2?2 Of Kj»g s > Heralds, and rur-J 2 g ^ fmvants at Arms. S Lift of the prefent Officers. 287 Charter-Houfe. 2 9 ° Prfuit Governors Names ; 2.91 Principal Officers. 2 9 3 Of the Vmverftty of Cam-)^ bridge. . ^ Collede>es there, and their Heads. J Publish Prof prs there. D 9 - Qnfuls A TABLE. Confils World. Page, fiver a! parts of E. Government of England. ooi Privy Council. 002 Lifl of the Privy Council. 00U Semetary of State. 008 Their Names and ty S Their Secretaries. 010 Clerks of the Council. on Clerks of the Signet. on Clerk of the Privy-Seal. 012 Paper Office. 012 Eccltfiaftical Government ofj England. j°^ 2 Convocation. 05 ] Civil Affairs of the Church. 036 Court of Delegates. 036 Arches Court. o]j Court A TABLE. Page. Court of Audience. 037 Prerogative Court. 037 Court of Peculiars. 037 Bifbops Court. 037 Arch Deacons Court. 038 Caufes belonging to Ecclefl -1 g aftical Courts. y> Manner of Tryals there.- 039 P uni foments 'inflicted b~t 0 A 0 Spiritual Courts. 3 ^ England bed Governed St*te,\. b ,n the World. 2 Excize-Office. ■ 342 G. G'rcfham-Colledge. 288 ljk of G'uernfey. I- Of Ireland. 324 ljle of Jerfey. 3 2 5 Of A TABLE. L. Of the City of LONDON. 17 6 Situ At ion and Magnitude. 177 Churches. ijjj St. Pauls Church. 181 Fire of London in 1666. 185 Of London ftnce its Re--, building. P 1 River ^Thames, andNeyr) River.. Its Trade. 195 Of the Government, of LON-? , DON. ' P Ecclefiajlical. ■ 196 Civil, 198 Lord Mayor and ’his Atten-1 dance. j '' Sheriffs. 202 Aldermen. 202 Lord Mayor, Courts of judi-l cature . J Tk A TABLE. Page. fht Twelve Companies. 204 A Lift of the prtfcnt Lord Mayor, Alkrmcn and{206 their Wards, y Military Government of 1 the City of London; j ' City Trained-Bands. 208 Artillery-Company.. 209 London-Bridge. 226 M. Military Government of Eh g -7 land. ' i i 5 Guards, Horfe and Foot. 131 Earl of Oxford’/ Regiment) of Horfe. S^ 2 Fir ft Regiment of Loot-1 Guards. S ** Coldftream Regiment of Foot-Guards. 5 i His A TABLE. Page. His Royal Highneffes Regi-\ merit of Foot-Guards. J ™ The Holland Regiment ofl Foot. / i I ?4 Lift of the Governors ofl His.Majtfties Gmifons Pearly Charge of Land For -1 Of the ftandmg Militia. 140 Lift of the prefent Lord -7 Lientenants. Lift of the Lieutenancy off,. London. j 17 Maritime Power belonxin? rol_ fn 'k CROWN?* S I! ° Lift of the Navy-Royal. 1 54 Lift of Ships at Sea, jan. idSi. Lord High Jdmirafor Lords! j ^. of the Admiralty. ’ Lift of the fever al Vice-Ad)^, minis. i h • A TABLE. Page. Infer ipt ions on the Monu- - ? ment Lit me. i y The fame Infcriptions Eng-\ 2 ~ 2 lift'd. j 5 Lift of the Kings Miniftcrs'l. in Foreign Courts. > Lift of Foreign Minifters ini the Court of England. Navy-Office. 170. Principal Officers and Com-\ 1 - 1 miffiontrs therein. j Of theTards andOffictrs there 172 o. Vniverftty of Oxford. $04 Chancellor. J °5 High A TABLE High Steward. 505 Vice-Chancellor, 8 tc. jo6 Prtv Hedges. 308 Colledges and Halls there. 309 Lift of the prefent G over-1 nours. Ltft'Of the Puhlick Profef-^ n E Ctf tbe Parliament of ENG -7 o4 g LAND. 4 Ptrfon fimmoning the .P.fr -1 Lament, ^ Manner of Summoning. °47 Perfons ft to he Eldhd. 047 Of their Priviledeges. 049 Of their Place, and manner} 0 ^ 0 of Sitting. i Of the antient the Clergy. 0 53 A TABLE. Page. Expence allowed the Com-? ^ mons. i 5 Puffing of Bids in either Houfe. | W Puffing of Jets of P*rlia-\ o6l ment, $ Adjournments , Prorogati ons, and Devolving Par-jo 6 $ liaments. * Number ofPer fins that have-* Place , and Suffrage in thtlo 66 Houfe of Parliament. $ Lijl of the Counties , Cities 8fC. that fend Member j/068 to ftrve in Parliament. Their Executive Power ini & g 2 Temporal Matters. S ■ Houfe of Lords. 0S2 Long Parliament. 083 PoJImaffer-Gensrals Office. 241 Penny Pofi 245 Pr hi ledges refloid. 307 Prtfdents in the E AS T-,,„ INDIES. ; 5 ‘ Sion- A TABLE. S. Page. Sion Colledge. 289 Southwarke. po Principal Schools of England, po SCOTLAND. *24 T. Of the Terms. 120 Tower of London. 211 Mafter of the Ordonance. 21] Of the Mint. 218 Officers there. 219 Officers of His M.ijeftiesl^ Records. S What therein contained. 221 How diftinguiftoed, 223 Lieutenants of the Tow -7 22 ^ er, &c. J TANGIER. ?24 Vntver- A TABLE. a. Page. Vnmrfuics of England. joj Kings WARDROBE. 247 C;tj of Weftminfter. 29 6 The Abby. 296 Lifi of Prebendaries. 297 Steward of Weftminfter. 298 Convocation. 298 Palaces of Weftminfter? White-Hall, &c. i JNGLIM CO ANGLIM K0TIT1A: O R, The Prefent State o F ENGLAND- %\)t £>econU part* Of ih Coverman of England in particular ; ad Firfl, of the Kfngs mji Honourable Privj& cov;;c n. T il E Government of England in parti, cular, is either Ecckflaflical, Civil, or Miliarp , wherein the King is Su¬ preme Governor in all Caufes, and ever all Pcrfons; from him is derived all Au¬ thority and Jurifdiflion. He is giiaft Intellettxi Agsns, Forma fotmatum, vel petius Munii An- Shci Dcm, And the Frimum Mobile thereof, B from tDe Parent State from whence, all the inferior Orbs derive their Motion, is that Noble, Honourable, and Reverend Affembly, called Concilium [centum, privmm vel Continuum Xjgii Concilium, which is a Court of fuch Antiquity and Honour, that it may befaid to be higher than the higheft Court of Enghr.d, ( as the Parliament is ufually called) for our Parliaments are not only much younger, but alfo may truly be Paid to be the Productions of the KingsPrivy Council, as ap- pears by the words of the Writ, for fummon- ingof a Parliament. This is the higheft Watch- Tower of the Nation, wherein the King, with all his good Sentinels, and Watchmen about him, takes a careful Survey of all his Domini¬ ons, and fometimes of all the Dominions ofthc World, as any of them have any Relation to his: where le confults and contrives howto proteft hisnumbcrlrfs Subjefls, not only from Injuries among'! thcmfclvcs, but from the wrongs and violences of all other Nations; where lie cloth confult and watch for the pub- lick Good, Honor, Defence Profit and Peace of all his People. Before the hitter end of Hetty the Third, Quod prwifitm fuit p er Hegem C C me ilium fum Jrrivatum, fcilloque Re&» corfmMim, procul k- bio legit -Jgorem hluit , faithJff/i/Wii. I he Primitive am! ordinary way of Govern¬ ment in Ergkr.d, war by the King and liisPrivy Council, and all our Kings have idled much by it, determing Contromfies of great im¬ portance,fometimes touching Lands and Rights between Party and Party, whereof there arc very many Prefdcnts, and the Judges of Uni, in fome difficult cafes , were not wontio give Judgement, until they bad firft confultcd the King er hi? Privy Council. Moreover, the Part2. Of ENG LAND. Lords and Commons aflembled in Parliament, hive oft-times tranfmitted Matters of high mo¬ ment to the King and his Privy Council, as by long Experience and Wifdom, better able to judge of, and by Secrelic and Expedition, bet¬ ter able to tranfadt fome State-affairs, than all the Lords and Commons together. At prefent, the King and his Privy-Council take Cognifancc of few Matters, that may well be determined by the known Laws, and ordi¬ nary Courts of Juflicc, but only, as aforefaid. confide for the publick Good, Honor, Defence, Safety, and Benefit of the Realm, notmedling with Matters that concern Freeholds, but mat¬ ters of Appeal, andfudden Emergencies. The Lords of the Privy-Council arc, as it were, a part of the King, incorporate with him and his cares, bearing upon his Shoulders that great weight, that othewife would lye wholly upon His Majefiy ; wherefore of fuch high va¬ lue and cllcem they have always been, that if a Man did hut flrikc in the Houfe of a Privy- Counfellor, or clfewhere in His Prefence, he was giicvoudy Fined for the fame; and tocon- fpirc the death of any of them, was made Fe¬ lony in any of the Kings Servants, within the theqn: ^0.7, and to kill one of them, was High Treason. A Frivy-Counfcllor , though but a Gentle- nan, fhall have Precedence of all Knights, Ba¬ ronets, and younger Sons of all Barons and The fubfiancc of their Oath is, That they (ball, according to their power and diferetion. Truly, Juffly, and Evenly, Counfcl and Advife the King, in all matters to be Treated in His Majellies Council; that they fhall keep fecrct the Kings Counfcl, Cfc. bi By Cljc Iftcreitt State B” force of this Oath, and the cuflomof the Kingdom of Erghnd , a Privy-Counfcllor is made without any Patent or Grant, and to continue only during the Life of the King that makes him, nor folorg, unUTsthc King pleaf- Ct There hath been ufually a Lord Preiident of the Kings Privy-Council; a Dignity of iohigh a Repute, that, bv a Statute of Henry the l- iphth, he is to take place m publick nextto the Lord Higl-Trcsfurcr of Er.ghni : his Office was to fpc. firft to Bufincfs, to report to His Maicflythc Palfagcs and State of Bufinelfes, Shafted at Council-Table. The lull Lord Pre- folcct before this, was the Ear! of Sc-tftahr); lie that is now Lord Pielidcnt of the Kingsl'n- vv-Council, is Join Earl of Pjdnor. ^ To His Privy-Couiifellors, theKing cf Er.g- lieid may Declare or Conceal from them what- foever lie alone judgeth fit and expedient, 5 u in re ( faith the excellent Sir Thomis Smith) &■ (oiuiijfmtmell hoc P^rnn Aighx DucMit m Ucdmotionnn Pnr.ciym- The King with the Adv.cc of his Pr.tp Ccur.til, dotii puHiflr Proclamations, binding to the Subjcft, provided that they arc notcon- trarv to Statute, or Common-Law. In cafis where the Publick Peace, Honour, or Profit of the Kingdom, mav be endangered for want of fpccciy redrefs, there the King vitn Elis-Privy Council, nlually mane ufe of an au- lolutc Power, if need be. The Member? of th cii,arc iiieh,.as l.i: „ Motion. Thrill plcafc rm.r.ly Men cf the i.fiarci, Wil'd era, O mod Honourable Coun- n free Will, and meet to cluifc and a.e com- 2,belt rank, eminent for rage, Intcgritv, Cir. And becaule Tart:. of ENGLAND. 5 kcaufc there arc few cafes of moment lb tem¬ poral, but tliat they may lom: way relate to Sniritual Affairs, tliercforc according to the per,oral lUfi'.s of Policy and Government,which God himfclf ordained among!} his ihol'en Iho- pie the J-en-r. the rrivy-Co;;r.i.il as well as the Greet Council of Prriiamct.t; is compofcdof Oi.ritual, as well as Temporal Tcrfons, Ionic ot tite Principal Bifhops of Er.gUn.i have in all times been cholen by Hh Majclty, to be of His •Pi ivy-Council 1 Of whom, ibis which follows inheprcfcntl.il}. C H A P, Cijel&efent State T he Names' of the Lords of His yajejlies mofl Honoura¬ ble Privy-Council, H is Highnefs Prince Rupert. William, Lord Archbifliop of Canterbury. Heneage Earl of Nottingham , Lord High Chancellor of England. John Earl of Radnor, Lord Prefident Arthur Earl of Anglefey, Lord Pri¬ vy-Seal. Chriflopher Duke of Albemarle. Henry Duke of Newcafile. John Duke of Lauderdale. James Duke of Ormond, Lord Stew¬ ard of His Majefties Houfhold. Charles Lord MzrqmfsofWincbeJtcr Henry Lord Marquifs of Worcefitr. Henry Earl of Arlington , Lord Chamberlain. Jubery Earl of Oxford John Earl of Bridgewater. Philip Earl of Chejlerfield. Henry Earl of Clarendon. Part 2. Of ENGLAND. 'John Earl of Bath. George Earl of Halifax. Edward Earl of Conrvay , one of his Majefties Principal Secretaries of State. Robert Eearl of Ailtsbury. Thomas Lord Vifcount Falconberg - Laurence Lord Vifcount Hide. Henry Lord Bifhopof London. Darnel Lord Finch. Sir Francis North, Lord Chief Ju- ftice of the Common-Pleas. Henry Coventrey, Efq; Sir Leohne Jenkins , Kt. Principal Secretary of State. Sir John Ernley , Chancellor of the Exchequer. Sir Robert Carr, Chancellor of die Dutchy of Lane after. Sir Thomas Chichely, Kt. Edward Seymour, Efq; Sidney Godolfhin , Efq; s €1) e ip^cfcnt State Thcfc arc all to wait on His Map-fly, and, at Council-Board, fit in thcirOrder, bare-headed, when HisMajdly prclidcs. At all Debates, the lowed delivers his opini¬ on firlh, that fo he maybe the more free, and th: King lad of all Declares His Judgment, and thereby determines the Matter in Debate. The time and place of holding this Council, is wholly at thcKingsp!cafurc,butis mod com¬ monly held In the Morning, on Wednel'diy and Friday out of Parliament or Term-time, and in the Afternoon, in times of Parliament or Term. ACouncilisfeldomor never held without the Pre-fence of one of the Secretaries of State; of whofc Office and Dignity, mac; m jrc cona- derablc in Erglavd, than in other Nations, take here this brief Account. The Kings of England had anciently but one Secretary of State, until about the end of Hen- rj the Eighth his Reign, it was thought fie that weighty and important Office fhould be dif- charged by twoPerfons, both of equal Autho¬ rity, and both filled Principal Secretaries if State. In thofe days, and fomc while after, they fate not at Council-Board, but having prepa¬ red their bufinefc in a room adjoyning to the Council-Chamber, they came in, and flood on either hand of the King; and nothing was de¬ bated at the Table, until the Secretaries had gone through with their Propofals. But Queen Elizabeth fddom coming to Council, that Me¬ thod was altered, and the two Secretaries toor. They have this fpecial Honour, that if cither of them bca.Baron, lie taketh' place, and hath the Precedence ofallother perfons of the lame Degree,' though btherwife .by their.Creation,, fomc ofthchi might'have right tn precede him; and a Knight in like manner, if he hath no ether qualification. They have their ‘feveral Lodgings, appointed them in all the Kings HoaFs,.as.well for their mvn- Accommodation, as for their Office,. ind thole that attend .upon it. . They - have alfo a* v.r.y liberal Diet:'2t thc ( Kmgs chaise, or Boards, wgcsinlicttbf it. " ; €tie Cerent State To thew how conlidcrable their place jj, their fctled allowance from the King in Salary and Penfion, « little left than two thoufjnd pounds Sterling fer annum, to each of them, The Secretariis and Clerks, whom they im- ploy under them,arc wholly at their own choice, and hare no dependance upon any other Power or Pcrfons belidcs themfelYCS. They have the cuftody of that Seal of the King, which is properly called the Signet; the life and application whereof, gives denomina¬ tion to an Office, conftantly attending the Court, called the Si$net'Oljice, wherein there are four Clerks, who wait alternately by Moncths, aid prepare fuch things as are to pafsthe Sigr.it, In order to the Privy Seal or Great Seal. 7he prefent Principal Secretaries of State are Sir Leoline Jen\ks, Kt. aPcrfon of great Abilities, and fucccfsful Negotiations, par¬ ticularly at Nimeguen, where he was HisMaje- fties Plenipotentiary; and at his return, had this Honour and Trull conferred on him. And the Right Honourable Edward Earl of Conway, who for his known Experience and Abi- nties, fuccceded the Right Honourable the Earl of Sunderland in that (Treat.Place of Secretary cf State. Their Chief Secretaries under them, are Join Cook, Efq; Secretary to Sir Lttl'm Jenkins, Francis Guyn, Ely; Secretary to the Earl of Conway. Waiting on the Privy-Council thereare f;ur Clerks in Ordinary, who wait by Moncths each cne ; he that comes in, is always a week before, anti a week after his Moneth, to affid there. Their Part2 . of ENGLAND. Their Office is to Read what is brought be- J c council, and drawup all fuch Orders, SKing and Lords Ml direft, and caufc [hem to be Rcgitlrcd. Th Clerks of tie Comil ire t life thitfcllov, Sir MVfoto, Knight of the Jaii- Sir Philip Llo > d > Kt > Sir Thoms Dolemin^U puuis Gttjrm, Efq; Two Keepersof the Council-Chamber, Fee to each 4?b viz. Mr. BcnjmnColcmg.W. Ni- tbimel Cox-, who is alfo Keeper of the Re. cords of the Council. Thcfc, upon occafion, are Tent by Warrant of the Lords of the Privy-Council, to fetch anv Perron, under the degree of a Baron, and to keep him prifonerin his .Home till further ° Attending on the Secretaries are tire Clerks of the Sigtft, or Little the cuftody of the Secretaries, f ^r Scaling the Kings private Letters, and ^° rantS as pafs His Ma jellies Hands by Bill afligncd. or thefe Clerks there are Four. Sikey Efq; tLicholss Mortice, Ef Thefe have no Fee from the King, but only Diet, which at Penfwn is’-ool. Y carl y > ™;‘5 Office is in wbiubd, they wait by Moncth each of them three Months in a year. One of them always attends the Cpurt, wherefoever it re moves, and by WarrantfionL the Kmg.^ 'is €!je parent State crctarics of State , or Lords of the Council prepare fuch Bills or Letters for the King to Sign, as not being Matters of Law, are by any "Warrants diredted to them to prepare, in their Office, all Grants, either prepared by the Kings Learned Council at Law, or by them. felves for the Kings Hand, when Signed, are returned, and there tranlcribcd again, and that Tranfcription is carried to one of the Principal Secretaries of State, and Sealed, and then it is called a Signet," which is dircdled to the Lord Privy Seal, and is his Warrant for ifliiing out a Privy Seal upon it, which is prepared by the Clerks o£ that Seal, is fufficicnt for the pay¬ ment of any Moneys out of the Exchequer, and for fevcral other ufes; but when the na- tureofthc Grant requires the paffing the Great Seal, then the Privy Seal is an authority to the Lord Chancellor, to pafsthc Great Seal, as the Signet was to the Lord Privy Seal, to affix that Seal to the Grant: but in all three Offices, viz. Signet, Privy Seal, and Grcal Seal, the Grant is tranlcribcd. So all which paflcsfiom the King, hath thefe feveral ways of being confidcrcd be¬ fore perfefted. There arc alfo four Clerks of the Privy Seal,vis. Sir Charles Bickerjiaff, Kt. Join Matthews, Efq: Thomas Watljns, Lfq; John Eichards, Efq; More of their Office istobefccnind'tat.iy. of Berny 8. worthy to be noted. To this Office (in time when the Court of Eequefl is in being) belongs the healing of all Commiffioiis, and’ other ProcdTcs out of that Court. Moreover, depending on the Secretaries of Slate, is an artient Office, called the Ptf»‘ Office part 2. Of ENGLAND. office the Keeper whereof hath in his charge, all the public!? Papers, Writings, Matters of State, and Council; all Letters, Intelligences, Negotiations of the .Kings publick Miniftcrs abroad, and generally all the Papers and Dif- patebes that pafs through the Offices of the two Secretaries of State, which arc from time to time tranfmitted into this Office, and here remain, dffipofed by way of a Library within His Majcfiies Palace of Whuchtl This conft- derablc Officer hath a Fee of i Col. per amutn, payable out of the £xtfcj«rr,anc I is at prefenc that very worthy Pcrfon, Sir JofepbWilhmfon, Kt late one of the Principal Secretaries of SI After the King: mod Honourable Privy Coun¬ cil that Erimm Mobile, or rather that fafort or Scrim, may bcconfidcrcd the Great Wheels, firit jnovtfl by that Spring, which arc the Convoca¬ tion for the Ecclcfiallical Government, and the Parliament for the Civil. But for the better undemanding of the Ec- cltliallical Government, it will be expedient to prcmill- li.-mcwhac of the Ecclcfiallical Pcrfons in Er.t;hnd. In .14 C&elWent state I N the Government of the Church of Englai, among the Ecclefiaflical Perfons Governing in the Englilh Church, is, Firft the King of Eoglatd-, who is, as the Lawyers fay, Perjnt jicrt C? mixti cum Stcerdote. The King is the Supreme Bifliop of England ; and at his Corona, tion, by a folcmn Confecration and Unfii- on, he becomes a Spiritual Pcrfon, Sacred anti Ecclefiaflical: for, as he hath put_ upon him Corm , as an Emblem of his Kingfliip and Power in Temporals; fo hath he Stole St¬ eer dotit, commonly called Eejiis Ptlmuict, asa Leviticel Epbod, to fignifie his Priefthood and Power in Spirituals. He is Supreme Governor in all Caufes, and over all Perfons Ecelefitfieal as well as Chi’. jisPatron Paramountofall Ec- ckfijiicd Benefices in Engl tod, to whom the laft Appeals in Ecclefitflicd Affairs are made, who alone hath Power to nominate perfons for allBiihopricks, and chief Dignities, as Deane- ries, and fome Prebends in the Church, tie. as more at large may be fecn in the Firft Part ofthe, PrefentStete of England. Next to the King in the Church-Government are the Bifliop?, whereof two are called Primus Metropolises, or dretbifiops ; that is, Chief Bi- fliops, the one of Center bury, the other of Pork, each of which have, befides their peculiar Dio- ceffcs, a Province confifli g of fevcral Diocefles, and therein by Common-Law, a Prerogative of proving Wills, and granting Adminiflrations, where the pcrfon dying had bom r.otebiUt, that is, above y l. in divers D'toceJJes or $tiriJdi8ior.t. Alfcby Grants of fevcral Kings, they have each one certain Privileges, Liberties and Immuni- ties in their own States, Under part a. Of ENGLAND. Under thefe two Archbilhopsare Twentyllx Bilhopricksj whereof Twenty two arc reckon¬ ed in the Province of Canterbury, and Four in the Province of Tork.; So that there arebc- gdcs the two Archbilhops, Twenty four Bi- Jhops, all which have the Title of Lords by reafon of their Baronies annexe to their Bi- (hopricks, and have Precedence over all other Batons both in Parliament and in other Affem- blics; amongfl thefe prelates always the Bilhop of lotion, who by antient Right is accounted Dean of the Epifcopal CoUtdge of that Province, and by virtue thereof, is to fignific thepleafurc of his Metropolitan, to all the Bifhops of the Province, to execute his Mindue, to dilperfe his Miff,ns on all emergency of Affairs, to p;elide in Convocations of Provincial Synods, during the nccclTaryabfencc of the Metropolitan- Next to Union, in Parliament, precedes Durham,ini then m’eckjkr: all the reft of the Bilhops take place according to the Seniority of their Confccrati- ThcFunftion of an Englijb pip? confifts in what he may aft, cither by his Epifcopal Order, or by his Epifcopal ffurifdiflion- By his Epifcopal Order he may Ordain Deacons and Priejhfhc may Dedicate Churches and Bury- ing-places, may adminiftcr the Rites and Cere¬ mony of Confiimation, without whom none of thefe may be done. Thcjiiri/iiffnmof a Bilhop is cither Ordina¬ ry or Delegated ; the Ordinary is what by the Law of the Land belongs to each Bilhop, in his own Dioccfs; the Delegated, is what the King is pleafcd to confer upon him, not ass Bilhop , but as he is a Subj;ft, and a confide? Table Member of the Kingdom - For all Clergy- 16 coherent state men are in Evgltni (as anciently among Gods own People the Jems, and amongft the Primi¬ tive ChrijiUns, fo foon as they were under Chrj. ftian Emperors) judged fit to enjoy diversion- poral Honours and Employments: as, Firft, To be in the Commiilion of the Peace, for who fo proper to make and keep Peace as they, whofc conliant duty it is to preach Peace? Who fo fit as they, whofe main bufinefs and fludy isto reconcile thofc thatare at variance? And therefore lince His Majeftics happy Refiauration, as well as before, divers grave difereet Divines have been made Jufliccs of Peace, and thereby not only the poor Clergy-men have been pro- teded from the oppreflion of their caufclefs Enemies, but many differences have been com- pofed without any Law-Suit, in a more Chriili- an and lefs expenfive way. Secondly to be of his M jefiics Privy-Coun¬ cil, where frequently Cafes of Confcicnce may arile, relating to State-Matters, that will admit neither of delay, nor publication: And there¬ fore after the pattern of that excellent Chrifli- an Emperor Conihnme the Great, our good Kings, both before and fincc the Reformati¬ on, have always admitted fome Spiritual Per- fons to their Council-Tables, andClofet-Dc* bates. Thirdly, to be employed in Pubiick Treaties and Negotiations of Peace, and this both the Antient and Modern Pradicc will jufiifie, that none have been more frequently and fucccfsftil- Jy ufed in fuch Mcffages, than the Ambaffadors of Chrift. Fourthly, to enjoy feme of the GrcatOfficcs of tin- Crown, as to be Lord Chancellor, Lori Trenfurer-, &c And it hath been, cbferved, that part 2. OfENGLAND. tat jn the late Reign, when the Bilhoy of S i W3S Lord nearer, that Office was exe¬ cuted with as much diligence faithfulnefs dex- rcritv andcortcnttothc Subject; as well as to JgJ ai ever it had been by his Lay-Prcdccc:- f 0 r ir, the ordinary Jurifdifiion of a BilTiop. as a ndhoiimavbe co'nlidercd, either the rfurt)diciion r c ,r or \vlMt is inflated in hint by the Lawof the Land, f ■ -he better execution ot that fu- r 'Thl%uritli'ihr. it P.lf iscflablithed partly by ‘ aw a- to Licence Phylitians, Surgeons, aiiii School-Mch-rs, to unite and Confolidate fr-UP-’-iffics toaffilt the Civil Magifirates m c' tan r i'f ionic Statu-cs concerning Ecdcli- rded Atfirs, to compel the payment of Tenths and Sublimes due from the Clergy to the ^Partly by Common-Law, as upon the Kings Writ to ccrtific the Judges touching legiti¬ mate and illegitimate Births and Marriages; to require upon the Kings Writ the bunnng ofan oblii.iatcHcretick, but thislafrhath been lately repealed ; alfo to require the Kings \\ rit for imprifoning the Body of one that obflmatcly Hands Excommunicated For; y days. And partly by Common and tcclcfiaffical Law together, asto caufc Wills of the Deceafedto be proved, to grant Adminiftration of Goods of inch as dye intcllatc, to give tsrcler for the gathering and preferving of P^'L^ble Go , where none is willing to admuufter, to caufc account to be given of Adnnnillrations, to c late Benefices, to grant Inilitutions to Btnehccs upon Prefentations of other Patrons, to com¬ mand Induction to be givcn.to order the c«- lcfting and preferving of the Prott* ° f va fi cant Clje parent State Benefices, fortheufe of the Succeffors to defend the Franchifcs ar.d Liberties of the Church, u vifit. their particular Diocefles once in three years; and therein to inquire of the Manners' Carriages, Delinquencies, C?c. of Miniflers, ci Church-Wardens, of the reft of the Parifc ners, and amongft them, especially of tW; that profefs themfelves Phyntians, Surgeon-, School-Mailers, Midwives; of Wardens ofHcf- pitals, how they perf 'rm their fcveral Duties and Trulls; alfo of all other profeffing Ckri- ftianity, and offending cither againft Piety, as by Blalphcmy, Idolatry, Supcrftition.Perjutr, Herefle, Errors againft the Thirty nine Ari- clcs, Schifm, Conventicles, abfcnce from Di¬ vine Service, unlawful abftincncc from the Sa¬ craments ; or clfc offending againft Juflicc, r, thcdclayingof the Legacies given to the Poor, or Pious Ufcs, Dilapidations of Buildings, or Goods belonging to the Church; rafting tit Ufury beyond the rate allowed by Statute, Si¬ mony, Perjury, E?f. or by offending againft So¬ briety, as Drunkennefs, Inceft, Adultery,For¬ nication, filthy Speech, tempting of any oots Chaftity, Clandcftine Marriages, asforwontof thrice publifhing the Banes, the want of l 1 ;- rents confent, the want of Witncffes, which muft be above two, or Marrying in a prime place, in.an undue time, before eight in die Morning, and after Twelve of the clock in the day. Now, for the better executing of this M •diHon, the Law of Engleni hath furnifticd the Bifhops with a power of Ecchfhjiicil C» fates, whereof fome may be infli&ed both upon Lay.mcn and Church-men, as Sufpenfion fror centring into the Church, or elfe from recei¬ ving the Sacrament, or greater Excommunica¬ tions p art2 . of ENGLAND. i tions tfr. Others may be inflifted only upon Ecdciisllical Per ions, as Sequeflration of their Ecclcfiaftical Profits, Sufpcnlicnt, fometimcs ab officio, fometimes 4 Benefcio, Deprivation, and OmBtirn, which is fometimes verbal, by fcn- tC nce pronounced againd them, and fometimes real by Degradation. Here note, That of all ihcfe Ccnfurcs, Excommunication is never to be inflifted but only for Contumacy; asrvhen a perfon being duly fummoned.will not appear: or appearing, will not obey the Orders of the Bilhop. Tic Solemn manner of making * Sifiop w England iv as followetb. When any Biiliops See becomes vacant, the Dan and Chapter of that Cathedral giving no¬ tice thereof to the King, who is Patron of all the Bifhopricks in England, and humbly Wj- qutfting, that His Majcfiy will give leave for them to choofc another; the King hereupon grants to the Dean His Conge d Efltre, which in french (wherein it was antiently penned) (unifies leave to cleft; then the Dean fummons a Chapter or Affembly of the Prebendaries, who either cleft the perfon .recommended by His Majeliics Letters, or fihew caufe to the contrary. Next, the Eleftion is certified to the party Elefted, who doth modeflly refute it the firli and fecondtime; and if he refufe it a third time, then that being certified to His Majcllv, another is recommended; when the Election is accepted by the party, it is certi¬ fied to the King, and the Archbilbop of that Province, whereupon the King gives his Royal AlTeht under the Great Seal of England ; which is exhibited to the Arcbbifhop of that 1 ro- vincc 2 o Clje p?efent State vincc, with command to confirm and confj crate him; hereunto the Archbilhop fubferife fuiConfimim, and gives Commilfion under hi; Archicpifcopal Seal to his Vicar-General,to per. form all the Atts required for perfecting Ij Confirmation. The Vicar-Gencral then in the Name oftft Archbifhop, lends forth a Citation,fummonirg all Oppolcrs of the faicl Eledtiuii or PcrfoaE- lcdlcd, to appear at a certain time and pla.c especially affigned to make their Objcdlio'-. This done by an Officer of the Arches,ufutliv atBom-ChurcbinChetifJi.lt, London, by ProcU- matio.i three times, and then affix ng the id Citation on the Church-door, for all peopleto read, the faid Officer returns an authentick Cer¬ tificate thereof to the Archbilhop and Vicar- General. At the day and place affigned forth appearance of the Oppofers, the Vicar-Gene¬ ral SitSj then the Prodtor for the faid Dean ail Chapter, exhibits the Royal Aflcnt, and tic • Com®iffion of the Archbilhop; which real and acceptcdbytheVicar-Gcncral.thcProftor exhibits the Proxy from the Dean and ' hap- tcr, and then prefents the EkdCd Bilhop, ad returns the Citation, and ddi.es the Oppofers to be publickly called three times, w! ich being done accordingly, he acculcth their Contumacy, and for penalty thereof, defires that th bu- finefs may proceed, which the Vicai- cncral in a Schedule by him Read and Sub.c. .bed doth order. Next the Prodlor giving a Summary Petition, wherein is deduced the whole Pro- cels of Eledfion and Confcnt, defires a time to be affigr.cd to prove it, which the Vicar-Gc- ncral admits and decrees. After which, the Prodtor exhibits the Royal Aflcnt, v. ith the Elected Of ENGLAND. Part 2. Hefted BifliopsAffent, and the Certificate to . Vclibifliop, and ckfircs a term prcfcntly to e Aned to hear final Scntencc.which the V i- r-Gcncral decrees. Then the Trod or defires L all Oppolcrs iliould again be called, which “in* thrice publicly done, and none appear- i flp , noroppolins, they are prounonced coiitu- Imoiu, and a Decree made to proceed to Sen¬ tence ' by a Schedule read and fubferibed by the S Vhar-Cencral. Tl.cn the Elcft Pcrfon ukei the Oath of Supremacy, Simony, and Canonical Obedience. L Next the ludgc of the Arches Reads and Sub- fcribci the Sentence; after which, ufually there j ; an entertainment made for the Othcers and ethers there prefent, which being once done at the Sign of the Kigs-kd in Chetffide ,near the f Mlm-Clmt, gave occafion to our Adver- farics of tie l{omiJh Church, to affirm that Fable, that there our nrlt Rifiiops, after the Reforma¬ tion, were Confecratcd. V’lvn aBifhopis Elefted, and the Election | confirmed, he may giv'c Inflation, ami do his ordinary Jurifdidtion; and may Sit in Patlia- : ment, as Lord thereof, according to Sir Edmni \ Cm!:. 4 P- 47« i After the Confirmation, then according ro ! the Kings Mandate, is the Solemn Confecra: ion I if the Ficdtcd Iiilbop, which is done by the ! Archbilhop, with the afliflancc of two other .ihonsm manner following. . Upon l’omc SurJiy or Holiday, after Morning crvicc the Arch-BiOiop beginneth the Com- luniun-Scrvicc; after a certain Prayer ap- ointed for this occafion, one of the Biftiops i.erc prefent r.adetli the Epifi'c, \J im r.other readetii tlr Gofpcl, John zi. Then af- :r the Kicene CrcCd and lbmc Sermon, Uie 23 C&e Parent state Elefled Bifhrp vifted with his Rochet or Lin- ncn Garment, is by two Bilhops prefcntcd to the Archbilhop.or fe me ether Bilhop Coramif- Coned by him, fitting in his Chair, who de¬ mands the Kings Mandate for the Confecration, and causes it to be read ; then the Eledt Bilhop takes the Oath of Supremacy, and of Canonical Obedience to the Archbiihop, and after divers Prayers, andfcvcral Interrogatories put to the Bilhop, and his Anfwcrs, the reft of the Epif- copal Habit is put upon him, and after more Prayers, the Eledt Bilhop kncclcth down, and the Archbilhop and Bilhops there preheat, lay their lands on his Head, and by a certain pious grave form of words, they Confecrate him, Afterwards the Archbifhop doth deliver to the Bilhop Eledt a Bible, with another Set Form of words, and fo all proceed to the Communion- Service,and having received the Sacrament, and thcBIcHIng, they repair from Church to Din¬ ner, which is at the charge of the Bilho" Eleft, and is ufually very fplendid and magnificent, the greateft of the Nobility, Clergy, Judges, Privy-Counfellors. CV. honouring it withtheir rrefcnce, the Expences hereof, with Fees of Confecration, amounting ordinarily to fix or feven hundred pounds, This Form and Manner of Confecrating Bi- fhops, isacccrding to the Rule laid downinthc fourth Council of Cdrikge, about the year 470, generally received in all the Provinces of the Weftern Church. Note, That by our Order of Confecrating Bi- Ihops.it is evident,Bilhops arc h.okt upon as a diftindt Order of themfclves, and not only as a different degree from the reft of the Presby¬ ters, as Tome would have ir. NextgoesforthaMandate from the Archbi- lliop part2. Of ENGLAND. (hop to the Archdeacon of his Province, to Inflal the Bifliop Matted, Confirmed and Con- fecrated; which Inllalmcnt it .ilmolt on the fsme manner in all Cathedrals, and is ufualiy thus. Upon any day between the hours of Nine and Eleven, in the prcfcncc of a public k Notary , the Bilhop Elect, or his Proxy .which is ufual, i, introduced into the Cathedral Church by the Archdeacon of C met bury, by whom all the Bilhops of that Province arc Mailed, ( orelfc by hi; Proxy i'omctinics) and Pirlt he declares hisaffent to the Kings Supremacy, and Swears, that unlcls he be otherwife difpenfed with, he will be Relidcnt according to the Cuftom of that Cathedral,and obfcrvcthcCufhomsof the Paid Church, and cuufc othcre to obl'crve the fame. Then the Archdeacon with the Petty Canon;and Officers Si 'he Church, accompany the Bilhops up to the Quire, and there place him in the Scat prepared for the Billiops, be¬ tween the Altar and the right fide of the Quire, and then the Archdeacon pronounces tliefc words in Lathe, Ego mhoritate mihi commijfi i'Juco S kthronizo Hevertr.ium, in Chrijio Va- ttmPommm N. i\. Epifcopum, W Dornms Cu- kiiitfrmhimmV exiam ex hoc nunc W in 'Secukm, Sc, Tlicn the Subdean and the Petty Canons ling the Te Deum ; mean while the Bi¬ lhop is again conduced from his own place to the Deans Seat, and there, in token of taking real pclMion, he Hands, till restores is ended, together with other Prayers, the Arccdcacon reading fome Ycrficlcs, as 0 lord, Save ibis ilj Servant N. mr Bilhop, i the people anfwcr- ing) And (end him health from lly Holy place, fee. Then the Archdeacon reads a (hurt Colbft for the Bilhop by Name; After Prayers, the Bi- 34 CDe parent State (hop is conduced into the Chaptcr-Houfc, and there placed on a high Seat; the then Arch- Deacon, and all the Prebends and Officers of the Church, comebeforethe Bithop, and acknow¬ ledge Canonical Obedience to him: Finally, the Publick Notary is by the Arch-Deacon required to make an Inflrumcnt, declaring the whole matter of Fadt in this Affair. Then the faid Bithop is introduced into the KingsPrefencc, todolns Homage for his Tem¬ poralities or Baronv, by kneeling down, and putting his Hands between the Hands of the King, fitting in a Chair of State, and by ta¬ king of aSolemn Oath, to be true and faithful to HisMajcfty, and that he holds his Temporalities of Him. , Laftly, The new Bithop compounds for the Firft-Fruits of his Eithoprkk, that is, agrees for his firtt-ycarsProfits to be paid to the King, within two years, or more if the Kingplcafc. TheTranflation ofaBilhop from one Biiho- prick to another, differs only in this, fromthe manner of making a Bithop, that there is no Confccration. „ , , ... The Tranflation of a Bithop to be Arcfibi- thop, differs only in the Commiffion, which is directed by His Majcfly to four or more Bi- fhops to confirm him. Note, That the diffe¬ rence between an Archbithop and a Bithop, is, That the Archbithop, with other Bishops , doth Confccrate a Bithop, as a Bithop with other Prieftsdoth Ordain a Pricfi : Th. Aren- bithop vifits the whole Province , the Bithop only his Diocefs; the Archbithop can Con- vocatc'h Provincial Synod , the Bithop or y a Diocefan Synod : The Archbithop is Ordi- nary to, and hath Canonical Authority over all the Bithops of his Province; and as the “i- fart2. Of ENGLAND. aj (hop hath over all the Priclts of his Diocefs, Several Bifhops of Ergljrd having Dioccffes of a large extent, it was provided by Sut. 16. that they fhouldhavea Power to no¬ minate fomc to the King to be, with his appro¬ bation, Suffragan, or Subfidiary Bifhops,where¬ of fee morcin the FirftPartofthe Prefeiit Sale of England. Of thefe thercarenone at prefent in the Church of ErgUrd, but the next to the Bilhops, arc now the Deans of Cathedral Churches. Antiently Bifhops did not ordinarily tranfaft matters of moment, fine corfilio Pralyurorum c ' 1 ‘ t l tir • friwifi.’/BjHjwho were then called Sexitores Ec- (7rjk,and Colleagues of the Bidiops, reprefent. cd in fume fort by our Cathedrals ; whereof the Dean and fome of the Prebends arc upon the Bilhops fummons, to afiifl him in Ordina¬ tions; in Deprivations tbO§cioS3 Benefcio, in condemnation of obllinate Hcreticks, in the great Excommunications, and in fiich like weighty Affairs of the Church. Upon the Kings V, rit of Corgi £ eflire ( as before- mentioned ) the Dean and Prebendaries arc to cleft the Bitliop of that Diocefs. Cathedral and Coll.giatc-Churchcs arc, as ic were Semi¬ naries or Seed-Plots, whercout from time to time may be chofen fit perfons to govern the Church, for having left the Countrey and li¬ ving here in a Society together, they learn ex¬ perience, they read Men, they, by little and little, put off the familiarity of the inferior Countrey Clergy , and thereby render them- fclvcs more fit to be fet over them in Govern¬ ment. The Etean and Prebendaries, during their required Rcfidcncc in their Cathedral or Collegiate Churches, are to keep Hofpitality, €j)e pcfeiit State upon all Feftivals to read Divinity in their turns, which is now turned to Sermons, or fat! Speeches in the Tulpit, at due time to admi- niftcr the Lords Supper ; to frequent the pub. lick Divine Service; to inftruft the Countrcy Clergy , and direct them how, and what to Preach, whereby they .may bed profit their Au¬ ditors : In a word, as they excel others in Dignity, and are therefore Uiled Prelates fo by their more eminent Piety and Charity,ttej are tobccxamplcsand patterns to the inferior Clergy. In every Cathedral or Bilhops Sec there is a Dean, and divers Prebendaries, or Canons, whole number is uncertain. Deans of theold Foundations, founded before the fupprclfion of Monafleries, are brought to their Dignities much like Bilhops, the King lirfi fending forth his Cor .ge d’eftire to the Chap¬ ter, they defling, and the King granting hi; Royal AlTcnt, the Bifliop confirms him, and gives his Mandate to Inflall him. Deans of the new Foundations (upon ftp- predion of Abbeys or Priories, transformed by Hen. 8. into Dean and Chapter) arc by a [hot¬ ter courfc inllallcd by virtue of the Kings Let¬ ters I'atcnts, without cither Elcdlion or Con¬ firmation. ► Among the Canons or Prebendaries in th: old Foundations, l'ome are Cunoniciadu, having I’rekndumfedikin cboro C? fiijfrtgii ir. Ctp- tulo ; others are Cmniciinf'erbu (as they arc calk'd } having right to the next Prebend that (hall become void, and having already a Stall in the Quire, but no Vote in the Chap- ter, A Prebend is properly the portion which every Prebendary of a Collegiate or Cathe- ©ije Parent State, s; dtalChurch reccivcth in the right of his place for his nuinttiaance, quip purs vel portio pre- Next in the Government of the Englijb Arcbiea- Church may be reckon’d Archdeacons, where- cons. of there are 60 in all England. : Their Office is to rifit two years in three, and to enquire of Reparations , and Moveables belonging to Churches, to reform abufes in Ecdclialtical Matters and to bring the more weighty affairs before the Bifliop of the Diocefs; and there¬ fore he is called , Alter Epifcopi ocuhs, (the other being the Dean, as he is mentioned in the Firft Part of the Prepnt State,) Moreover, the Office of an Archdeacon is upon the Biihops Mandate to induft Clerks into their Benefices, and thereby to give them pofleffion of all the Profits belonging thereto. Many Archdeacons have by Prefcription their Courts and Officials, as Bifliops have 3 whereof more hereafter. After Archdeacons are the Arckipreshjteri, or Rural Rural Deans,fo called perhaps at firft for his over- Deans. fight of fomc ten Parifti Prielh; their Office is now upon Orders to Convocate the Clergy, to fignifie to them, fometimesby Letters, the Bi¬ ihops plcafure, and to give induction for the Archdeacon living afar off. h'cxtaretobcconfideredthe Priefts of every P&ijh particular Parifti, who are commonly called the Erie (Is Rcftors, unlcfs the Predial Tythes arc Impro- or Re- priatcd,and then they arc (tiled Vicars, quip vice fori, fagectes Rettmint. Their Office is to take care of all their Parifhioners Souls, and like good Shepherds, to handle every particular Sheep apart; to Catcchife the ignorant, re¬ duce the flraying, confirm the wavering, con¬ vince the obflinatc,reprehend the wicked, con- C a fute Clje parent State futeSchifmaticks, reconcile differences among Neighbors, to excrcifc the power of binding andlofing of Souls, as occafion fhall offer-to read duly Divine Service, to adm'tmfter the holy Sacraments, to vifitthe Sick, (o Marry, to Bury, to render publick Thanks after Child-bearing, to keep a Rcgifter of all Marriages, Chrillnings and Burials that lhall happen within the Parilh, to read Divine Service or Homiles appointed by Authority (and if the Bifhop thinks tit) to read or fpeak by Heart their own Conceptions in the Pulpit- Laflly, Deacons, whofc Office is to take cart of the Poor, Baptize, Read in the Church,ait fift the Pried at the Lords Supper, by giving the Cup only. After this brief Account of Ecclcliafticat Per¬ rons, fomewhat may here, not unfitly, be added, touching thofe Perfons, who, though not inHo- ly Orders, yet have a peculiar Relation to the Church, arid are qunJifewi-EcckJiijlici, as, firff. Patrons of Churches, who, by Hrlt Building of Churches, or firff endowing them with Lands, have obtained for them and their Hcirsa Right of Advowfon or Patronage, whofc Office and Duty is to propofc a fit Clerk (when the Church jsvoid) to the Bifhop, to be by him Canonical¬ ly inftituted, and to protect the Paid Church,as far as he can, from'all wrong; and in cafe his ■ Clerk prove unfit for the place, to give nonce to the Bifhop. . But thefcvcral inconvcniencics of this right cf Prctcnfion, hath been of late years to great, that it is to be wilhcd that all the Ad- .vowfons in Exglani, not now in the Crown, were, by forae publick Tax purchaftd and let- led part2. Of ENGLAND. ever in the Crown, that fo all Par to a Vicars ( as well as Bilhops, Deans, and Mh-ndarics) may have their dependence up- KtpUl Casall the Clergy „ Me Reformed Churches now have ) and not Imonany mean, covetous, illiterate, fattious.hc- Toiol fimoniacal, or lacrilcg.ous Patron:- l .° Heir on: means,all the E»0> Clergy mult (L h come Loyal Ortho Jox.and Unanimous. [hat although ft c gift of the higher niMi.-'s in the Church of Etghni, as Eifliop- I D"ancrics arc oniy in the King, in v Vm is alfo the Donation of moll Prebends ji! jcatonic rtes, and very many great, andfomc fuiallcr Par fonages, which are under t.ic vrfitatr- cn of the B idiops and Archbifhops, yet there arc feme Donatives and Free Chappcls which arc fib-eft to the Vifitation only of the Lord Chan¬ cellor, and wholly exempted from the juriflifti- on of any Bilhop. Next are the Oemomi, vel Zcclef>* Guirdi* ui the Churchwardens, whofc Office is to lee, tha’t the Church be in good repair, fitly adorn¬ ed, and nothing warning for Divine Service, Sa¬ crament, and Sermons: that the Church-yard b: fullicicntlv bounded or Indofed ; that there bean ex .ft Terrier of the Glebe Land, and it anything belonging to the Church bcdctain- cd.to fuc for the famcitoob erve that all Parifoi- oners come daily to Divine Service to require the penalty forabl'cncc, tocnq.ureafter, toad- monilh, and to prefent to the Bilhop fcan- dalous Livers, to collcft the Chanty ofParilnt- onersforthe poor Strangers, to Declare aud to execute the Orders of tire iSifhop, to Tec that roneprefume to vent his own Conceptions in the Pulpit, unit is be hath a facial Licence io C 3 t Q Clje l$erent State to do. The Church-wardens are clefted every Eijitr wcck.ufually by the Parfon and.Paridii- oners, if they fo agree; ifnot, then one by the Parfon, and the other by the Parifliioncrs. There are alfo in greater Parifhcs joyned with the Churchwardens, Tcjlcs Syncdales, anti- ently called Synods-men, now corruplty called Sides-men.whoare to affill the Church-wardens, in inquiries into the Lives of inordinate Livers, and in prcfcntingMcn at Vifitations. Laftly, the Sacridian, corruptly the Sestet or Clarke, who is ordinarily to be chofcn by the Parfon only: he ought to be Twenty years old or above, of good life, that can Read, Write, and Sing: his Office is to ferve at Church the Pried and Churchwardens. In the Church of Engjtni ,there arc, as in the antient Primitive times, three Orders, Biihops, Pricds, and Deacont. None may be admitted Deacons before the age of 13 years, unlcfs he hath a Difpenfation to be admitted younger, None maybe made a Pried till he be complcat- ly 14 years old: None may be admitted a Bi- rfiop till he be full 30 years old. The Ordination of Pricds and Deacons is four times the year, upon four fevera! Sundays in the Ember or Fading weeks, fird introduced bythe Holy Martyr Qf/xrur, Bilhop of Homt, a- bout the year of our Lord 210. that fo all the Nation may at once, in their joynt Prayers to Cod, recommend them that are to receive Or¬ dination, which is performed by a Bilhop ina fblemn grave devout manner, thus for Deacons. After Morning Prayer there is a Sermon, de¬ claring the Duty and Office of Deacons and Pricds: then they being decently habited, ate prefented to the Bilhop by the Archdeacon •r his Deputy, whom the Bilhop asks, irK Part 2. of ENGLAND. 31 hath made due inquiry of them, and then asks the People, if they know any notable impedi¬ ment or crime in any one of them: after follow certain godly Prayers, then a Collcft, Epiftle, and Gofpel: but%forc the Gofpcl, the Oath cf Supremacy is Adminiflred to every one cf them, and the Bilhop putteth divers god-- jy quefiions to them, which being anfwcred, they all kneel, and he laying his hands up¬ on them fcvcrally, doth Ordain them Deacons; then delivers to every one of them the New Tcflamcnr, and gives them authority to read the fame in the Church: Then one of them appointed by the Bilhop, reads thcGofpel.and then all with the Bilhop proceed to the Com¬ munion, and lb arc dilmilfed with the Blclling pronounced by the Bihop. The Ordination of Pricfts it partly in the fame manner, only the Epiftle and Gofpel are ditfcrent and after the Qucftions and Anfwers made, the Bilhop puts up a particular Prayer for them, and that ended, he dcGrcs the Con¬ gregation to recommend them to God fecret- lyin their Prayers,for doing of which, there is a competent time of general filence: Then fol¬ lows Veri Creator Spiritxs, in Mccter to be fung; then after another Prayer, they all kneeling, the Bilhop with one or two of the grave Priefts there prefent, layeth his Hands upon the Head , of every one of them feverally, and gives them : Ordination in a grave fet Form of Words, diffe¬ rent both from that of Bifhops, and that of Deatons; the reft aj in the Ordaining of Dea¬ cons. j C 4 °f 32 €tje parent state Of the Ecclcftaflical Government of England, and fir ft of the Convo¬ cation. F Or the Church Lcglflativc Power, or the making of Ecdcliallical Laws, and confult. ing for the more weighty Affairs of the Church, t'r.c King, by the Advice of his Privy Council’ nfually convokes a National Synod, commonly called die. Convocation, which is fummoned in manner following. The King direfteth his Writ to the Arch- bilhop of each Province, for fummoningall Buhops, Deans, Archdeacons, Cathedrals, and Collegiate Churches, according to tlieir befl difcrction and judgment, aligning them the timeand place in the faid Writ; whereupon the Archbilhop o (Canterbury diredta his Letters to the Bilhop of London, as his Dean Provinci¬ al, firlt citing himfelf peremptorily, and then willinghim in like manner to citeall the Bifhops, Deans, Archdeacons, Cathedral and Collegiate Churches, and all thcClergy of his Province to that place, and at the day prefixt in the Writ, but direfteth withal, that one Prodtor fentfor each Cathedral and Collegiate Church, and two for the Body of the inferior Clergy of each Diocefs may fufficc. The Bilhop of London ac¬ cordingly dircfls his Letters to the Bifhops of every Diocefs of the Province, citing them in like manner to appear, and to admonilh the D-'ans and Archdeacons to appear pcrfonally and the Cathedrals, Collegiate-Churches, and inferior Clergy of the Dioccfs, to fend their Proflors 33 part2 . of ENGLAND; proflors to the place; and at the day appoint¬ ed to ccrtific alfo to the Archbilhop, the. names of all fo fummoned by them. The place where the Convocation of the Clergy in the Province ofCmsrburyhsih ufual- |" been held, was St. Pitu/t-Church in Lonion, but of latter times of St.Teiersin Weflminjkr, in the ChappcI o( Henry the 7 th- where there is, (asm Parliament) a Higher and a Lower Houfc, ora Houfe of Lords Spiritual, and a Houfc of Com¬ mons Spiritual, The higher H. ufe of Cohvocation in the Pro¬ vide of Cmerbury, confifts of 11 Bilhops,where- of ti e Archbifhop is Prefident, fitting in a Chair at the upper end of a great Table, and the Bi- iTiops on each fideofthe fame Table, all in their Scarlet Robes, and Hoods, the Archbilhops Hood Furred with Ermin, the Bilhops with The Lower Houfc confifts of all the Deans, Archdeacon', one Preftor for every Chapter,, and two Proftorsfor all the Clergy of each Di- occfs.in all, if £ Tenons,w. Deans, 14 Pre¬ bendaries, 5 4 Archdeacons, and 44 Clcr ks repre¬ fer, ting the D.occfan Clergy. Thefirfl day, both' Houfes being afiembiea, the Higher choofeth a 1 illiop for their Pro. Iccutor, and the Lower being required by the Higher, choofe them a Prolocutor, or Speaker; which done, they prefent him to the Upper Houle by two of the Members, whereof one nukes a Speech in Lirine^xA then the EK it per- fon makes another Speech in Urine Lallly, the Archbilhop An'wers in Aar me, and in tire name of all the Lords, approves of the Potion. C5e We tttatate Both Houfcs debate and tranfadt only fuch Matters, as His Majefty by Cemmiflion exprcP- ly allowcth. In the Uppa>Houfe things are firfl: propofed, and then communicated to the Lower-Houfc. The Major Vote in 'each Houfeprevails. Out of Pari iament-time they ufually AITcmble every day about Nine of the clock, and firft the jiniorBiftopfays Prayers in Latine, beginning with the Limy, and then for the King, Be. And ia the Lowcr-Houfc the Prolocutor fays Prayers. In Convocation are debated only Matters concerning Religion and the Church,and feme- time of giving His Majefly alfillancc in Money; for as the Laity cannot be taxed without their own confent, fignified by their Reprefcntatives in Parliament,, fo the Clergy cannot be taxed without their own confent, fignified by their Reprefcntatives in Convocation The Clergy in Convocation might anticntly, without asking the Royal Affent, and now may with the Royal Aflent, make Canons touching matters of Religion, to bind, not only them- telves, but all the Laity, without confent,or ra¬ tification of the Lords and Commons in Parlia¬ ment. Till the late Rebellion, the Parliament did not at all meddle in the making Canons, or in matters Doftrinal, or in Tranflation of Scrip¬ tures, or Annotations thereon, only by their Civil Sanctions ( when they were thereto re¬ quired ) did confirm the Refill ts and Confutati¬ ons of the Clergy, that fothc people might be the more eafily induced to obey the Ordman* tes of their Spiritual Governors. The Clergy of Erg/Uti had anticntly their Part 2. flflTNGLAND. Rcprcfcntativcs in the Lower Houfe of Parlia¬ ment as appears by that antient Record fo pn- “cd by th= late Lord Cckt; and as the Upper Houfe had, and ftill hath Lords Spiritual as well as Temporal; fo in the,Lower Houfe there were always Commons Spiritual as well as Tem¬ poral; for that Record faith exprefly, that the Commons inParliament confift of three Degrees nrk'mdsiFirft.fx Procurttoribus Cletr, Second¬ ly Miltilixs Comitatuum ; Thirdly, Ex Burgen- L. And the Words of the Writ direaednow to the Prccurtwes CM, feem to give them the very fame right to fit in that Houfe as the Words of the Writ to the Knights, Citizens,, and Burgeffes, do give to them. All the Members of bothHoufes of Convoca tion have the fame Priviiedges for tbemfelyes and Menial Servants, as the Members of Parlia- meiit have, and that by Statute. The Archbifliop ofTorl^at the fame time holds at Tone a Convocation of all his Province in like manner, and by content correfpondence doth debate and conclude of the fame Ma-.ters at are debated and concluded by the Provincial Synod of Cmetburj, Now for the Executive Power in Church- matters throughout the Kingdom of there have been provided divers excellent Courts, whereof the highcfl for Criminal Can- fes was the High-Commiffion Court; tor ju- rifdiflion whereof, it was enafted Frmo lkiktbe , that Her Majefty and Succellors lliould have Power by Letters Patents, under the Great Seal, to nominate Commiflionersto nercife Turifdidlion throughput the whole Realm; to Vifit. Reform, and corredl all Er¬ rors, Hcrcfio,Schifms, Abuics, andDslmqucn- €lje parent State ces, that may, by an Ecdcliaflkal Power, be corrc&cd or reformed. This Court confided of the Highed Perfons of England in the Church and State, and was the Fiincipal Bulwark and Prefervativc of the Church of England, againdthc praftifes ami af- faults of all her Adverfaries, whether Roira- nids.Puritan, or Atheid; yet, forfomepretend¬ ed abufes, the ufe thereof was taken away indie late feditious long Parliament; whereupon fol¬ lowed a deluge of Errors in Religion, Apdiacy, Atheifm, Elafphemy, Sacriledge, Inccd, Adul¬ tery, impious Libels, Schifms, Conventicles, Cc. all which fo overwhelmed the manners of Englijbmen , and occalioncd at length fo many profcfled Atheids, that until the re-cdablilh- ment of this, or the like Court, there cannota Reformation be cafily hoped for. For Civil Affairs that concern the Church, the highed Court is the Court of Dch gates, for the Jurifdidtion whereof it was provided,-5 Af.S. That it dial! be lawful for any Subject of lq- hud, in cafe ofdefcft of fujtics in the Courtsof the Archbidiop of Canterbury, to appeal to the KingsMajedy in his Court of Chancery, and that upon fuch Appeal, a Commiffion under the Great Seal lhallbc dircdfcd to certain Perfons, particularly ddigned for that bufinds; fo that from the highed Court of the Archbilhop of Canterbury, there lies an Appeal to this Court of Delegates, and beyond this to none other. Next to the Court of Delegates, are the Ccu ts of the Archbidiopof Canterbury ,where any EccMa'iical Suits 'between any perfons within his Province may (wavingall inferior Courts) be decided; amongftthem the higheli Cum: Part 2. Of ENGLAND. 37 rnurt is the Court of Arches, fo called from the Arched Church and Tower of Jr. Mines in Cbcatiie, London, where this Court is wont to be held, the Judge whereof is called Dein of tbs Arches, having JurifdiQion over aDcanry.con- ife of n Parilhes within London, exempt from the Jurifdiflionof the Bilhop of London. Hither arc diredted all Appeals in Ecclcftaftical Matters within the Province of Cinter ury To This Court belongs divers Advocates all Dotes of theCivil Law, two Rcgillcrs, and ten I roct- ors: the Dean at prefent is Sit Robert mfernn, Kl hfthe next place the Archbifhop or Canter- kri hath his Court of Audrcncc kept with n the ArchbilhopsPalace, and mcdletb not with»ny difference between parties, concerning; Ele¬ ctions and Confecration ot Adnuflion and Conllitution of Benchccs, difp-nfin a wnh Bancs of Matrimony. Cc. The next Court is called the Prerogative Court, which judgeth of Eltatcsfallen by \\ i \, or by Inteffates, lb called becaufe he^Archbi- fhop jure rrerogitiv.c hath thl * l °'V* throughout Ids whole Province. where rhe Party at the time of death had 5 A ° r ^ ov f ’*? ffveral Dioccires, and thete two Courts hath alfothc Arclibilhop of Toix- , , Lallly, the Court of which dcalcth in certain Parifhes, lying liifevtral ' ' ’ which Parilhesarc exempt from JurifJi^- on of the Bifhops of thole Dioceffcs, and arc peculiarly belonging to the Arclibilhop of Un- Ury,in whore Province thereare 57 Pe¬ culiars. „ . , ,.-hv)lC Province 5 , cvefy^Bilhop hath his °Court ^ the Cathedral Cf his Dtoccls, over wh.ch^he j8 $Be Parent state hath a Chancellor termed antiently EctURtC dims C? Efifcopi Ecdicus, the Church-Lawyer, who being ikiil’din the Civil and Canon-Law,(itj there as a Judge; and if hisDiocefs be large,’ be hath in fomc more remote place a Comraiflarr whofe Authority is only in fomc certain place of thcDiocefs, and fomc certain Caufes limit- cd to him bytheBilhop in his Cemmiflion,aad thefc are called Confiftory Courts. Moreover, every Archdeacon hath his Court and Jurifdiftion, where toiler d ifferences ari¬ sing within his limits are pleaded, Alfo tic Dean and Chapter hath a Court, and take cog¬ nizance of Caufes happening in places belong, in g to the Cathedral, La lily, There are certain peculiar Jurifdifli. ons belonging to fomc certain Pariihcs, the In¬ habitants thereof are exempt fometimes from the Archdeacons Jurifdiftion, and fometimes from the Bilhops Jurifdidlion. Caufes belonging to Ecdclialtical Courts, are, Blalphcmy, Apoftaiie from Chriftianity, Herefics, Schifms, Ordinations, Inflitution of Clerks to Benefices, Celebration of Divine Service, Rights ofMatrimony,Divorces,gcncralba(lardy,Tythcs, Oblations, Obvcntions, Mortuaries, Dilapida¬ tions, Reparation of Churches.Probatc of Wills, Adminifirations, Simony, Incciis, Fornications, Adulteries, Solicitations of Challity, Pen/ions, Procurations, Commutation of Pcnnance,. trr. the cognizance whereof belongs not to the Com. mon-Law of England, The Laws andConfiitutions whereby the Ec- clcfiaftical Government doth Hand, and the Churchof England is governed, arc firft general Canons made by general. Councils; alfo the Ariitm part 2. of ENG LAND. 3$ Arbbrit [anSorum Patrum, the opinion of Fa¬ thers. the grave Decrees of fcvcral holyBjlhops of ry«ne, which the Kings of England from time to time have admitted. Next our own Conftitutiens madeantiently jnfercral Provincial Synods, cither bytheLe- iits,0tbo and Oibobon, fi nt from Home ; or by fe- vcral Archbilhopsof Canterbury-, all which are by 25 H. 8, of force in Enghni, fo far as they arenot repugnant to the Laws and Cuftoms of England, or the Kings Prerogative. Then the Canonsmadein Convocations of latter times, as ?rim Jacobi, and confirmed by his Royal Au- Authority. Atfo in fome Statutes cnafted by Par¬ liament touching Ecclcliaflical'Affairs; And lafl- ly, divers Cufloms not written, but yet in ufe beyond the memory of Man: and where thefe fail, the Civil Law takes place. Themanner of Trials by thefe Laws and Cu- lioms, arc different from the Trials at Com¬ mon-Law, and arc briefly thus. Firft goes forth a Citation, then a Bill and Anrwcr, then by Proofs, Witnefles, and Prefumptions, the Mat¬ ter is argued pro and con, and the Canon and Chil Law j quoted, then without any Jury the Definitive Sentence of the Judge pafleth, and upon that Execution. And this is the manner of trying Ecclefialtical and Civil Caufcs; but Ecdefiaflical Criminal Caufcs.arc tryed by¬ way of Accufation, Denunciation, or Inqui.i- iion. The Firft, when feme one takes upon him to prove the Crime: The Second, when the Churchwardens prefent, and are not bound to prove, bccaufe it is prefumed they do it with¬ out any Malice, and that the Crime is noto¬ rious, Lafily, By Tnquifition, when by rcaon of Common Fame, inquiry is made by thcBiinop. €{je parent State ex officio fun, by calling fomc of their neighbor, hood to their Oaths, or the Party acculcd to his Oath ex Officio, lb called, bccaufe the Ecdc- fiaflical Judge doth it,'ex <$cio fuo, which is very antient, and was ufual among the fern-, fofc JhuataAcan, Filimiuibtiegloriam.kc. So God himfclf to Aim, upon his firff tranfgrellion; and liltcwifc after to Sodom-, but by the prevail- ing Fadiion in the long Parliament, this Power was extorted front the Church,the want where¬ of, isoncmaincaufc, of the great Libcrtinifm and debauchery of the Nation. ’ . Nowthepunidiments inflifted by thefe Spi- ritual.or Ecdcfialfical Courts,accordingtothefe Spiritual or Ecdefiallical Laws, proceed in this manner. Firif, the party delinquent is admo- nilhed; next, goes forth Minor Excommuci- tit, whereby he is Excommunicated, or exclu¬ ded from the Church; or if not from the Church , yet from the Communion of the Lords Supper , is difcnablcd to be Plaintiff in bornefs (hewed, by not appearing in thcEcclell- aitical Court upon Summons, or not obeying the Orders of the Court, which, though in hnallcll Matters, yet m.iy be' a very great crime, for, fes pr-tcepa quo facilior eftobftrvm eopr-ccefli zioUtioeft gravior cm ft migisftm - tMea, as Sr. Auftin oblervcs cf the firft Sin of Alwr. /r.y Command, by how much the eii or n rosy be cbferved , by ft much the more grtcieus u the breach thereof, becaufe it is the more voluntry, bcfidcs, in contempts, it is not lo much the violation of the Law, as of the Authority, which ought to be refented. And herur. the Church of England prccccdeth no otknufe, than the State of ZttgUnd; foe fo odious- 4i Fart 2. Of ENGLAND. rdicu5, in tlic eye of the Chmmon-Law of ZngUr’.l, is the contempt thereof, that not on- ]v fur l-elonits, but even in an Adiion of the Di'c, in an Aftionuf a Email Debt, Account, or Detir tte, if a Man v.ill not appear and fubmit himfuf to a Tryal at I aw, a Pioccfsof Outlaw- rviserour.ded again!! him,and he being onceOut- lnve!, he is out of the protefticn of the Law. Carat mrit hiftr.um, faith £r.t3ut, an Outlaw¬ ed pcrlon was anticntly look’d upon as a Wolf, lawful!’.' to be kiilel by any Man that fhouhl meet him, as mold >u!!, that he who contemned deU’.v, and therein the King, fhouhl not have benefit by the Law, nor protection from the King and at this day he is to loofe all las Goods and Chattels, The Reader will calily par¬ don this Digreftion, when he considers the general cry again!! Excommunication at this day. This power of teller Excommunication, the Hilltop may delegate to any grave Priclt with thcCiiancellor. Excommvictth major, is not only an exclu- fion from the company of C.hriluans hi Spiri¬ tual Duties, but alfo in Temporal Afhurs, and ibis cutimoniv for Heretic, Schifm, Perju- rv, Inccl!, and fitch grievous Crimes; and that it may be done with the more folemmtv and terror, it is to be pronounced by the Bt- (hop liimfclf in his proper perfon; and beuij; fo Excommunicated, a Man cannot, in any Ci¬ vil or Ecdcfiailical Court, be Plaintiff or \\ it- nefs, Aid in cTeany man be lb f!ubborn,asto contiu.e 40 days Excommunicated, the Kings Writ, it Excommricito afitxio, is granted forth of the Cbtsttrr againll him; whereup- 42 Cljc parent state on he is cart into prifon, without Bail, thereto lyc, till he hath fatisfied for his offence. Next, there is Anuhcmuj'rm, to be inflidied only upon an obffinate Heretick, whereby fe is declared, a publick Enemy of God , and re- jetted and curled, and delivered over to Eter¬ nal Damnation: and this to be done by the Bi- fhop a ID in his own perfon, affilied by the Dean and Chapter, or twelve other grave Friefls. . Lalily, there is Iititrdiclum, whereby is pro¬ hibited all Divine Offices, as Chriflian Burial, Adminill ation of f acraments, 8V. in fuch a Place, or to fuch a People, and if this be againff a People, it follows them wherefoevertbeygo; but, if again!! a Place only, then the People of that place, may go to Divine Offices clTc- wherc. Bdides, thefc general Cenfures of the Church, which refpett Church-Communion; there is another, which touchcth the Body oftheDe- linqucnt, called Publick Pennance, when any one is compelled to confers in publick, his fault, and to bewail it before the whole Congregati¬ on in the Church ;• which is done in this manner: the Delinquent is to Hand in tie Church-Porch, upon fomc Sunday, bare Head, and bare Feet, in a white Sheet, and a white Rod in his Hand, there bewailing himfelf, and begging, every one that palTcs by, to pray for him ; then to enter the Church, falling down and killing the ground ; then in the middle of the Church, placed in a higher place, in the fight of all tnc People, and over again!! the Miniffcr, who d"clarcs the foulnefs of his Crime, odious to God,, and fr.andalous to the Congregation, that God can no way be fatis- Part 2 . Of ENGLAND. 4 but bv applying Chrifls fuficrings; nor the rnn'ircganon, but by an bumble ack.iowkdg- X his fins, and tefiifying his finccrc Repen- lance and forrow, not in Words only, but with Tear' and promifing there in the fight of Go., ^Wwwsref'ate,*} bv Praver, Meditation, and daily WorKs or Piety he will endeavour hereafter more carefu - v o watch againll the temptationsofthe world, K„iirimcntsoftheFle(h, the f«r« of the Devil: which being done, and ,h- P.uit.m rhrifis Maine, pronouncing the r million w Si-w the Tenitent humbly befeechcs the Con- againll them, and receive hm in.o their Holy Communion, and account of their Church ; and inteftimony of their Chrifiian Charity, to 'ouchfafc o fay with him aloud , the Lords rper. * way of the Church of Enghnd, appears by di vers writers, to be the anticnt way uled by the Primitive Churches. Mote That it is ordained by the Canons of thcChurch of Etgkni, that in cafe the crime be not notoriousand publick, the forenaped^pen- nancc may, at the parties requeft, be commu ITnio a Pecuniary muldt for the poor ot the Parilh or fome Pious ufes; provided, that for the Reformation of the Delinquent may appear to be the more probable wa .for fome Men will be thereby reclaimed, "no, by publication of their offenc. impudent and hardened, "hen they perceive their reputation to bclolt. There remains one more puniihrncnt: or Ecclcfiafiical ccnfurc, which touchcth the Bo^ 44 true parent State r F Lny.orthat wilfully kill them- fclvcs, and to Apoffates, Hcrcticks, and Extor- Then Suffer,(!o u Ber.efcio, when a Miniflet for a time is deprived of the profits of his Be¬ nefice ; and thefe two Cenfurcs arc wont to be for fmallcr Crimes. Thirdly, Ueprivjtio l Bencficio, when, frra greater Crime, a MinilUr is wholly, ana fore¬ ver, deprived of his Lwing. And Eourthly, Vefrivutio ,il> O$cio , when a Mir.ilkr is wholly, and forever, depiivedofhis Orders, and this is Depftio, or Degrdim, end is commonly for fome heinous crime,me¬ riting death, and is performed by the Hilltop, in a (blcmn manner, pulling off from the Cri- minal his Vcllments, and other Enfigns of his Order, am! this is in the prcfcncc of the Ci¬ vil Magiifratc, to is horn he is then delivered, to be punifhed , as a Lay-man for the like of¬ fence. And herein Hilltops arc to rake fpecial earc, ^ to behave thcmfelvcs MrT’ e; asTi vjs'.vj'cim; Toy KK'fw, not as Lording over Gods p art2 . of ENGLAND. toll Heritage, not as abfolutc Mailers over Servants, to gasn by their pumlhments but as c hers over Children, for their amendment, and as being . Minifters in Spiritual Affairs, to ufe their power for the good of Chrifti- ans, and to conduft tint power by moticra- Oj € 1 )e patent State 0/ the Parliament of England, mi therein of the P erf on [ummenin the manner of the Summons , the Pcrfons fttmrnoned , their Privi • ledges ; //re E/.r/e and Manner of Sitting , the faffing of Bills in ei¬ ther Houfe, the faffing of Ads of Parlra?ncnt,of Ad.jonrmng , Pro- rogtting , Dijfolving of Par¬ liaments, A Brief Account of the Ecciefiajlial Go¬ vernment, having been given, next fol¬ lows the Civil Government, towards which, the fir!! great Wheel that moves, is tk Parliament of England, Before the Conquefi, the Great Council of the King, confifiing only of the Great Men of the Kingdom, was called Magnaium Convemi, or elfc, Prtlatorm Frocerumque Concilium, and by the Saxons in their own Tongue, Michel Gem, the Great AlTcmbly; after the Conqueft.itwas called by the French word Parkmenlum, from Parler, to talk together. Hill confiding (asdi- vers great Authors affirm ) only of the Great Men of the Nation, until the Reign of Beni) the Third, the Commons alfo were called to bit in Parliament, for the fil l! Writs, to be found in the Records, fent forth to fummonthem, bears datcqptf. 3. about 40 a years ago. Part’. Of ENGLAND. 47 None but the King hath authority to fummon j parliament: I11 the Kings abfcucc out of the Realm, the Cujks */, in the Kings Name, doth fummon a Parliament, and during the Kings minority within the Realm, the I'roteRot tow doth the fame. No Parliament can begin without the King’s Prefence, either in l’erlbn, or by Reprefenta- tion by Commiflioners. When the King of Er.giml is with his Parlia¬ ment in time of Peace 1 he is then laid to be in the heigh th of his Royal Dignity, aswellas when he is at the head of his Army, in time of War. There is then (carte any thing that the King cannot do, his Power cannot be con¬ fined forCaufes or Perfons within any bounds. Hecan, with the concurrence of his Lords and Commons, legitimate one that is born illegiti¬ mate, baliardize erne that is born legitimate, that is to fav, one begotten in Adultery, the Husband being then within the four Seas. Hs can make an Infant of full age, make an Alien or Foreigner an Englifinun, can attaint a man cf Treafon when he is dead, when he is no more a.Man, Be. A Parliament is fummoned in manner follow- ir.gs About forty days before the Parliament doth Affcmhle, the King iffues out his Writ, Cnm A.hijm;nu> Corfiifxi, and the Warrant is, Ttrifim I(egcm B Conjilium. The Kings Writ ( which is a flrort Letter or Epiiile is directed and fent to every particu¬ lar perfon of the Lords Spiritual and Temporal, commanding the Lords Spiritual, in Fid; B DiliJicnci and the Lords Temporal, per Fidem •.h AHigi.mi.tm, to appear at a certain time and place, to Treat, and give their Advice in fom: of ENGLAND, certain important Affairs, concerning ti. Church and Mate, CJc. 6 ' Other Writs arc lent to the Sheriff 0 f each County, to fummon the people to chd two Knights foreach County, two Citizensfor each City, and one or two Burgeflcs for cac j Burrough, according to Stimte, China or Cuflom. ’ In thefc Eleflions, antiently all the people had their Votes, and molt Vote* carried it- but for avoiding of tumults and trouble, itwa! Enafted by H. 6. that none (bould have any Suf¬ frage in the Election of Knights of the Shire, butfuch as were Freeholders, did refideinthe County, and had yearly Revenue, 40 s. (which, till thcdifcovcryofthc Gold and Silver in/*. riu, w'asasmuchas3o or 40 1. now, w hence it came to pals, that the Lay-Commons were then defied as the Clergy-Commons, the Fromm- r;s Ckri were, and ever have been, viz. fir/. Frees, fine Fretio, fine Poculo, &c. The Perfons defied for each County, arc to be Milita Notibiles, or atleali, Efquircs, or Gentlemen, fit to be made Knights, as it is in the Statutes of H. 6. They ought to be it diferetioribm iifilitibzs, id liborindm filer.- tioribus, as the Words in fome Writs have been: they ought not to be of younger years, for then it would be Ju-jenaius (fifickfuili- ten) potius quim Sexiws , not lazy EficuresM Men of years, vigorous, aftivc, and abflemious Men, that will be content to give their con- Hant attendance in Parliament, or cllc to en¬ joy neither Priviledge nor Expcnccs allowed to every Member of the Commons-Houfe. They ought to be Native Etgl/Jkmn, or at lead, fall as have been Naturalized bv Aft of Parliament. No Alien or Denizen, none of the Twelve Parta. Of ENGlAN D. Judges, no SlierifF of 2 Comity, no Ecclcfiafti- cal Perfon that hath cure of Souls, may becho- fen a Parliament-man, to fervefor any County, City, or Borough. Two things are faid to be requifitc to the le¬ gality of fitting in Parliament; Firlf, That a manihould beoffull age,that is 21 years old, at (call, for if no man under that age can difpofc of his Efotc, nor can make one legal Aft to 1 hat purpofe. then much Icfsmayhe bear aim power in the Supream power of the Nation, to Judge, Vote, or difpofc of the Eftate of the whole Realm: yet the praftife in the Houfe of Com¬ mons (though very rarely in the Houfe of Lords) hath oft been otherwife. Al! Members of Parliament, both Lords and Commons, that they may attend the publick Service of their Countrey, are priviledged, with their Menial Servants, attending on their per- lons, together, with all their neceffary Goods brought along with them, from all Attach¬ ments and Imprifonmcnts for Debts, Trefpaf- fes, Account or Covenant, all the time that they are on the way to the place of Parliament, all the time theyare on the way home again,fun¬ ds. Mmnio, ai propria /(edcundo (for fo were the oid words) but they are not priviledged front Arrells for Trcafon, Felony, or breach of the Peace, The place of meeting for this High and Ho- tourablc Aflcmbiy, is in whatfoever City, Town, or Houfe, the King pleafeth; but of latter times, it bath been ufually held at the Kings antient Palate, and ufual Refidence at Wcjimfler, all the Lords in a fair room by thcmfelvcs, and the Commons not far from them in another fair room, which was here¬ tofore the antient free Chappcl of St. tiepbcx. p ar t 2. of ENGLAND. 51. 4 C Chair of Scatc, his Great Seal and Mace by j, ; nl . He is Lord SfcAer of th: Loris Hoii'e. Up¬ on'other inoifucks fit the fudges, the Vtivj- CivSellon, and Secrettries of Sute, the King’s Ciwdl at Lira, the Mailers of Cbu eery. Thefc Hue not Birons, have no Suffrage in Parlia¬ ment, only ft to give their Advice when it is required. The rcafonwhy thefe Sages arc pla¬ ced upon mo'fichj, may probably be to mird them cf tlu great importance of Wooll and if ; r» to this Nation, that it never be ncgledlcd. On the lowcrmoll iVoolfjck. are placed the Clerks of the EVorw, now Henri Bjr'^r, Efq; and Clerk of the Parliament, at prcfcnt John IriW, Efq: whereof the former is concerned in all Writs of Parliament, and Pardons in Par- Ihmtn:: the other recordeth all things done in Parliament, and kcepeth the Records of the fame. This Clerk hath alfo two Clerks under lirn, who kneel behind the fame iVodfjck ,and write thereon. Without tic liar of the Lords Ho'j’c,(itstheKing’sfirllGtntlcman-Ufhcr, cal- k. itlie /duck, fyd, from a black Staffhe carries in l .s hand, who is at pro-lent Sir EthvtriCarf m'rjn, under whom is a Ycoman-Ufher that waits at the door within, a Cryer without, I and a Sergeant at Mace, always attending the j Lord Chancellor. ! When the King is prcfcnt with his Crown | c:: His Head, none of the Lords are covered. I The Judges hand, till tire King gives them leave to lit. ! When (he King is abfent, the Lords at their : entrance do reverence' to the Chair of State, ; !> i'-, or Ihould be done by all that enter in- ; ra the Kings Prcfcncc-Chambcr. The Judges then may lit, but may not be covered, till the Chancellor or Keeper fignlfic I Kta them the leave of the Lords. D 1 T’-e 52 €|3C l^cfent ©tatc The King's Council and Mailers of Chsem fitalfoj hut may not be covered at all. - The Commons in their Houfe fit promifea- oufly, only the Speaker hath a Chair placed in the middle, and the Clnk of that Houfe near him at the Table. 1 hey i ever had any Robes, (as the Lords ever had) but wear every one what he fancicth moll, which to ftrangers fccmi very unbecoming the Gravity and Authority of the Great Council or Er.gLnd ; And tlm during the attendance on Parliament, a Robe,or Grave Veftment would as well become the Ho. nourablc Members of the Houfe of Commons, as it doth all the Noble remiins, both young and old, who have right' to fit in the Great Council of for,ice, and as it doth the Senators of Rem: at this day, Gr. The time of fitting in Parliamnt, is on ary day in the Morning, or before Dinner, only it hath anticntly been obferved, not to aflcmble upon forne high Feftival-days, but upon ordi¬ nary to/fjproft times, as days accounted byall Chriftians, lels I'olcmn than divers other Fefti* vals, which arecekbrated but onceaycar. When the day prefixt by the King in bis Writs of Summons is come, the King ufoally comcth in Perfon with his Crown on His Head, and clothed with his Royal Robes, Declares thecaufc of the Summons in a (hort Harangue, leaving the reft to the Lord Chancellor, who thenftands behind His Majefty .: the Commons in the mean time ftan.ling bare at the Bar of the Lords Houfe, arc afterwards in the Kings Name, commanded to choofc them a Speaker (which without the Kings Command they may not do) whereupon they, returning to their own Houfe, make choice of one of their own Members, whom afterwards upon another day, part 2 . Of ENGLAND; vr prefer,t to the King, and being approved 0 f by His Majeftv, fitting in His Chair, and all HisLords.both Spiritualand Temporal, in their Robes of Scarlet, he makes a model! refofal; Khichmot allowed, he petitioned HisMajefty, that the Commons may have, during their fit- tire; Firli, A free “cceft to hit Mtytjly. Se- condly Jrtd'moj Speech in their vm.ffoufc. Thirdly, fr:ei9mjrm Arrejis. Before any affair he m.illcd with, all the Members of the Houfc of Commons take the Oath of A'.legia-ce and Supremacy, in the pre- fer.Cv'oftn Officer,appointed by the King; and 0 f|j:;, they arc all after the choice of a Speak¬ er,to dec',rrc their opinion againftthc Doctrines of’ Tr:.Mfaniiation , Invocation, and Ado- laticna - aims, and the Sacrifice of the Mafs, whichTc-lt the Lordsalfoarc now obliged to take in their Houfc,_ before they can sit and Debate uponany Affair. By the old Manufcript, called Moisu terndi ktiiumntm, though it be not fo old as lomc bred Men have imagined, it doth appear as ;f„rc-mettcioncd, That thcHonfe of Commons tt:t! ar.ticntly ' as the Houfc of Lords at-this dav) confift ofClcrgy-mcnas well’as Laymen; there fate the Procunms Cleri, two for each E.ocefs, reprefenting all the Clergy-Commons of theDioccfs, as the Knights of the Shire do all the Lay-Commons of the Shire; for it was- thenjudged expedient, that every Freeman of EiglirJ, as well Clergy as Laity, lTiould in paf- feg of all Laws touching propriety, whercun- to they were to be fubjefl, give their confent perfonally, or immediately by themfclves, or the by fome, that by their Elcftion, fhould immediately undertake for them, and the words Cljc I3jcfei.it State of‘he Writ fi-r fummoning the rnemtort; CHi, ns aforelaid, item to warrant the fame at this day. Betides, it is email by an antieiit Record, that'’ in the .^rh of EUmj the 111. when. Writs were lent out for fummoning Knights,Citizens, anti Iiurgeffes; tlicic were at the lame time, V. rits for fiimmoning the Dean am. Chapter 01 Trrh, to fend two Prebendaries to the Parlia¬ ment ( not Svnod ) then hcldat vr.,b-bly at the lame time, to all Lean, aid Chapters in Ex gb*.<- ... . . The Power and Privilcdgcs of li-tn Hoiks of Pailiamcnt, arc divers and diffinft cue from another “"The Lords Houle hath a Power, not only in making and repealing Laws, but alfo m traA» .do K corfuim imftndendo, as the words ot tL Writ arc y alio in judging of Controj-cr^ judging in the Arraignment of any Peer of t e Realm, putting Men to their Oaths, clpccially in Matters of importance, asthc Gorruptionof judges and Magnates, in Error, I'M F; ' ceedings in other Courts, in Appeals from De-, ■ trees in Chmcerj; &c. . The Lords that in their Religion conform no. to the Church of Etghnd , no longer -it, have Suffrage in the Lords Houfe. All the Lords Spiritual and lemporaUia t this priviledge. That if by rca.on of or other bufinefs, they cannot appear, they may make their Proxies to Vote m their fie«, after Licence obtained by a Letter undent King’s Signet, to be cxcufcd for their abfcnce • Jo that in every Parliament, every perfon' Erghxd, either byhimfdf or Proxy, os:RjP Tentative, isfaid to be there, ard to have W Suffrage for making or repealing any La", ^ W2. Of ENGLAND. The Commons have alfo a power in. making sod repealing Laws, they alio have tint nega¬ tive voice; for Levying of any Money upon the cubicft, the Bill begins in the Commons Houle, bccjufc from them doth arife the greater pait of Monevs. . T>'c Commons have the pr.vilcogc to fun- plicate and propofc Laws, to impeach public.: Delinquents , even the highdl Lmda ol tlw Ki-rv!om, both Spiritual and Temporal. The Houfeof Commons is the Grand Inquett of the Realm, fummoned from all parts to pre¬ set puMick Grievances, Delinquents to the Kite aril Lords, to be redrefied and puni'lied by tii.ru ; and to this purpofethe Lore.s (it i* their Robes on the Bench covered, as Jtn gcs do in other Judicatories; they f.vear and exa¬ mine WitnetTes, and at length pals Sentence, whilft the Memb.rs of the Commons-1 Iou.e (land bare at the Bar of the Lords Hotife, pre- dcce Witnefles, manage Evidences, Df. Note, That although every Member of the Comme ns-Houfc be chofcn to ferve R r one par- tiabr County,City, or Burrough, yet he lerves for the whole Kingdom, and his Voice equal to aw other, h's rower abfolotc to co lent or (iilfcrt, without ever acquainting th.ofe that r,,r 1dm or demanding than Afloat, as the Sto'cs-Ceneral of the V«hd-Xe:ktrUris arc cb'.iacd to do in many Cans. Yc r at c they to make it their fpecial care, to promote tl e 'go..d of that County, City, or Br.rrouch, for w hich they ferve,and from vvh.cn heretofore thcvnfualiv did receive lnllruthons and Directions conccrr.ir 3 their Grievances, Wants, Sr. 5* CIjc Relent state Although the Lords of Parliament are to bear their own charges, bccaufc they reprefent there only themfelvcs; yet all. the Commons both Lay and Clergy, that is, the Procuraoret Ckri, arc to have ntmibUes Expenfst, (as the words cf the Writ are ) that is, fuch allowances th; Kine, confidering the prizes of all things, lhall judge meet to impofe upon the people to pay, In the ly Edv>. II. it was Ten Groats for Knights and Five Groats for Burgeflcs, but not long after it was Four Shillings a day for dub¬ bed Knights, and two .Shillings for all others; which, in thofc days, as appears by the prizes cf all tilings, was a conlidcrable Stun, above twenty times more than it is now; for, not only their cxpenccs were confidered, though that w2sgreat, by rcalbnof the fuitablcatten¬ dance that then every Parliament-Man had, but alia their pains, their lofs of time, and nccef- fary neglcftof their own private affaire, for the fcrvicc of tl.cir Countrcy; and when the Count ties,. Cities and Boroughs paid fo dear for their ctcpcnccs, they were wont to take care to chufc fitch Men as were beft able and mail di¬ ligent in tlic fpeedy difpatch of affairs, by which means, with fomc other, more bufinefs in thofc times was difpaeched in Parliament in a week, than is now perhaps in ten: fo that the Pro- tcflicnsfbrl’ailiamcnt-Mcn, and their Servants from ArrePs, were not then grievous, when farce any Parliament or Seffion laftctl To long one of the four Terms now at Weftmitjler. tr. the Reign of Edw. 3. the Parliaments fate lomctimcs hut eight days, andfometimes Icfs, as may be Teen in the Records of the Tower, and yet tranlaflcd fcvcraland weighty affairs of the Nation, many things being prepared before- liana, (as feme think) by the King and his Prlyy Council, Wt* Of ENGLAND." r .„nril as they arc at prcfcnt in Smdtm by Sf forty Counfdlorsof State, and a. mJcfli. L the Lords of the Articles; and that commonly they then debated only upon «£**=% feme Lawyer, and give the fame to the Shaker or Clerk of the Parliament, to be- prelentea tS convenient, and this Bill nay- be put lift, either in the Loid,-Hdufe, or the Com- mous-Houfc.. WMfc- 5 b ®fle parent state Whatever is propofol fora Law, is iirit put in Writing, and called a Bill, which being read commonly after nine of the clock; in a fuil Affembly, it is either unanimouily rejedted at firft, or elfe allowed to be debated, and then it is committed to a certain number cf the Hopfc, prefently nominated, and called a Com¬ mittee, After it hath been amended, and twice read two feveral days in the Houle, then it is engroffed, that if. Written fair in a Parchment, and read the third time another day, and then if it be in the Lords Houfe, the Lord Chan¬ cellor; in the Commons-Houfe, the Speaker denaandeth, if they will have it put to the qucllion, whether a Law or no Law; if the major part be for it, there is written on the Bill by the Clerk, Soil kills aux commutes, or Soil bailie aux Seigneurs, retaining dill, in this, and fomc other things about making Law?, the cullom of our Anceliors, who were generally skilled in the FretchTongue. Note, Thatrvhenthe Speaker finds divers Bills prepared to be put to the quejlion, he gives mice she day before, that to morrow he intertit to pit Juch Biilsto the Faffing, or Third fiadir.g, aid de¬ fies the fpecial attendance of all the Members. Note ail’o, Th.it if a Bill be refilled, it emit be anymore propofed. during that Sejfion. A Pill lent by the Commons up to the Lori’s, is ufual ( to drew their refpeft) attended with thirty or forty of the Members of the Houfe; as they come up to the Lords Bar, the Mem¬ ber that hath the Bill, making three profound reverences, delivereth it to the Lord Chancel-- lor, who, for thatpurpofc, comes down to the Ear."' A Bill fent by the Lords to the Commons, is ufually fent by fame of the Mafiersoftl-e ■ Chancery, Part 2. Of ENGLAND. rlitctri or Other pcrfon , whofc place is on the Woolfacks, (.and by none of the Members of that Houfc ) and they coming up to the Speaker, and bowing thrice , deliver to him -he Bill after one of them hath read the Ti¬ de and defired it may be there taken into confiJeration ; if oftenvaris it pafe^tHoulc then it is written on the Bill, Lts Comm,ir,esoKt Iii MefTages of great importance, the Lords make ufc of one or two of the Chief lilacs to go to the Houle of Commons. J When any one in the Commons Houfc wjJ fncak to a Bill, he Bands up uncovered, and directs his Speech only to the Speaker; tlici. Sat he delivers be confuted by anothcr.yct; his not allowed to anfwer again the lame dat, Ut the whole time thould be lpcnt by tuo talkative perfons. Alio it a Mil be elebating the Houle, no man may Ipcak to it in one Jay above once, unlefs the whole Houle be turned into a Committee, and then every Member m:v reply as oft as he judges is expedient. If anv one ipcak words of eltciicc to the h'inas Miicfly, or to the Houle, heisca.ledto thuiar.'and^ t'ometimeS font to the Tflirer. Tb c Speak; r is not allowed to ptrfwadc or dillwaoe in pnlleg of a Bill, but only to make a ihort sn.l ph iti Narrative, nor^to Vote, except the T£f)C l^efent state In the Houfe of Commons, they Vote by Tea’s and No ’s altogether; and if it be doubt¬ ful whether is the greater Number, then the Tea’s arc to go forth, and the No ’s are to lit Hill, (becaufe tlicfe are content with their pre- fent condition, without any fuch addition or alteration of laws, as the other defire) snd fome arc appointed to number them: but it a Committee, thoughitbc of the whole Houfe, as Is fomt times, the Tea’s go on one fide, and the No’s on the other, whereby they may be difeerned. If a Bill pafs in one Houfe, and being fent to the other Houfe, they demur upon it, then a Conference is demanded in the Paixtei-Chm- ter, where certain deputed Members of each Houfe meet, the Lordsfitting covered at a Ta¬ ble, the Commons Handing bare with great re- fpeft, where the bufinefs is debated; if they then agree not, that bufinefs is nulled: but if they agree, then it is at laft brought (withal) other Bills which have paffed in both Houfcs) to the King, who comes again with his Crown on his Head, and clothed with His Royal Robes ( fometimes before His plcafure is, to Prorogue or Diifdvc them) and being Seated in His Chair of State, and all the Lords in their Robes, the diet k of the Crown reads the Title of each Bill, md as he reads, the Clerk of the Parlia¬ ment, according to his Inftruflions from the King, who before hath maturely confiderrd cad: Bill, pronounceth the Royal APent. If it be a publick Bill, the Anfwer is, (Ze fy} Itvtut) which gives Life and Birth to that Bill, that was before but an Embrio. If a private Bill, the Anfwer is, ( Soil fait comma il eji iejhc.) If it be ?. publick Bill which the King likes not, then the Anfwer is, (Ze i'vifert) which is taken part2. Of ENGLAND. 61 for an abfolute denial, in a more civil way, and ’ (batBill wholly nulled. So that it is as true ia England, in Come fence, as in any Monar¬ chy in the World, ^uod. Priucifi placuit legit, libet vigorem ; Not that whatever the King of Eugliud Wills, becomes immediately a Law, bat nothing, except what the King Wills, hath the force of Law. Note, Tb.-tl the Qr.g rohbout bis fcrforal Tie- [nee, can, fy Commiftm grimed to feme cf fJu {folks, give Bit %al After.', to jr.y Hill that unices bajie. If it be a Bill for Moneys given to HisMa-. jcfly, then the Anfwcr is ( Le 1 {oj remercie fes Imx lujets, accepte lettr Eer,evoler.ce, <5 auftt le km) which antientceremony of thanking the Subject for parting with their Money, fome think might better be fpared, becaufe .it inti¬ mates a diftindl intereft between the King and Hit Subjects, which is notonly falfc, butvery dangerous to be allowed of.- The King is Ta¬ ut Toria, the Money given to him, is for our life and Benefit 5 if we arc niggardly to him, v,'c injure our fives, trr. The Bill for the kingsGeneral Pardon, hath but one Reading in cither Houfe, for this reafon, becaufe they mutt; take it, as the King will pleafe to give it, fo the Bill of Subfidies granted by the Clergy, Affemblcd in Convocation for the famcnafon. When the Bill for the Genral Pat don is pahed i by the King, the Anfwcr is thus, {les Trelatt Seigneurs Cf Commnes en ee Tarlement affemblcz 4u now dc tous vos dutfes Sujets tefittTCtitit tTCi h«b!eme*t wire Majefie & prient Dieu vm don- tet en [ante bonne vie Si longue. A'! 62 £!je parent state Ail Adis of Parliaments before the Reign op Hen. 7. were faffed and enrolled in French, now in Englijb. Moft of our ancient Ads of Parliament, run in this Stile ; The hying it the humble ffepcll of the Commons, wish the Affent of the Frehuts, Huk.es, Eirls, itidBirons, huh Ordained,'or En¬ tiled. Alter it was thus. The lying, by the Al¬ ike ind Affent of the lords Spiritual ini Tem¬ poral, and 1 vith the Affent cf the Commons, dati Em If. Of latter times it hath been thus; Be it Enabled by the ffjngsmojl Excellent Majejlyffy, andmithtbe Advice and Confat of the Lords dpi- ritual and Temporal, and of the Commons: al¬ though the words of the. Writ for llimmoning the Commons, ( which ought to be the main Rule) is only id Confentiendtwt,3,nd not id con¬ cilium impendendum, as it is in the Writ to the Lords; and it is evident that the Commons, in the late Long Parliament, made that an ad¬ vantage, for jollifying their Llfurpationsagainft the King in that point. And fo in another Par¬ liament, the Commons endeavoured to main¬ tain, that the Concurrence of the Lords was not always ncceffary in an Ad of Parliament, bccaufc 1 Eire. 6. c,.p. 5. in palling that Aft againft Tranfportation of Hones, the Lords were caftaHy omitted, yet by ihe Rcgijlercf the Lords Houfc, it appears, that thatBill began firft in the Lords Houfc, and there paffed.,,be¬ fore the Commons took it in debate sand there¬ fore the Kings Council at Law is very curious in wording lightly all .Ads , before they arc brought to the King, andthcClciks of the Par¬ liament are careful in Tranfcribing and Rcgi- ili'ing them ; Howcv: r, it is to be wifiied, that to prevent future mifchief to thisNatioii, fume Gaules in the late Ad of Oblivion and Indcmp- sdy Part 2. Of ENG LAND. jr.ight be amended, or at lead explained, J’ ffi ore cl'pccially about the beginning of that thefc words, Tbit lU winner of Treifotts, 3 ; C> ’face January 1657. mi before JuncnSSc. L.jrtiie of my Authority from Hit hie Mije/ly tti Charles, or His Mijejiy tht now it he fir- bel &c.) which words might poffibly be foiled in dcligncdly, to inlinuatc, as if (accord¬ ing to that mod abfurd, ar.d Tiaitcrous Po- (iion nf fome of the rebellious Members ofthe Long Parliament) the Kings Perfon, or any Coimniflionated by him, could be guilty of Trenfun againd the Kings Authority, oragamd His Two Halids of Parliament, bypurfumg of Rebels, to bring them toj-dice, according to the Laws of the Land. It tier alfo to be deli- red, that to prevent the great dillior.our of ma¬ king fu many additional,and cxpianatoiy aAels or Parliament, fo deque tiy, as hath of late been done, all confidcrablc Bills of Publick Concern- 6* Clje pjefeut state fit to remove them, as fometimei hath been done, and then all things already debated and read, in one or both Houfcs, continue to the next Meeting in the -lame (late they were in before the- Adjournment, and fo may be relit- In the like manner the Parliament is 'Pro¬ rogued ; but bv a Prorogation there is a belli, on, and then the Bills that were ahr.olt ready in both Houles for the Royal Aflent no: having it. mull, at the rc-afltmbling of the Parliament, a* gin anew. , The Speaker of the Houfe of Commons, upon notice given that it is the Kings pleafurc that Houfe {hall alfo Adjourn, doth fay, with the AfTcnt of the Houfe, T bit Houfe u Adjourned. When the Kings Pleafurc is to Prorogue, or Diffolve the Parliament,His Maycfty commonly cometh in Perfon, with His Crown on His Head, fendetb the Black fyd for all the Houfe of Commons, to come to the Bar of the Lords Houfe, and after the Kings Anfwcr to each Bill (ignified, as afore-mentioned, His Majcflyufu- ally makes a Solemn Speech, the Lord Chan¬ cellor another, and the Speaker of the Houfe of Commons a third. Then the Lord Cten- cellor by the fpecial Command of the King, doth pronounce the Parliament-Prorogued or Diffolved. Note, that the King being Head of the Par¬ liament, if His Death doth happen during lhc fitting of the Parliament, it is, ip/# fuia D>f- folvcd. Antiently, after every Seflion of Parliament, the King commanded every Sheriff to proclaim the fevcral Afis, and to caufe them to be only cbfcrvcdj p 2rt2 . 0 f ENGLAND: -Served; yet without that Proclamation, the law intended-, that every one hath notice by tii Reprefentative, of what is trantadted m Parliament of latter times, lince Printing be¬ anie common, that cufiom hath been laid 66 €lje l&efcnt State The Number of Perfons that luv; Place and Suffrage in both Ho/ifa . T Hcrc belongs now to the HOUSE OF LORDS. Two Duk^s of the Royal Blood, viz, 2 Nine other Dn\ss, viz, „ Two MzrCjuejj'es, viz, 2 Sixty nine Earls, viz• Eight rifco:mis,viz, 8 Silty four Barons, viz- £ 4 Bali One hundred fifty four, vizi 154 Then there arc two Arcbbijhops, viz. 1 And four and twenty Sijhops, viz. 54 So 1 hat the total U One hundred, and eighty,viz, 180 To the HOUSE of COMMONS belong, F lrft, for the forty Shires of England two 7 s for each; in all eighty Rights, viz. i 3 Then for each of the twelve Counties of? Wales, twelve Heights, viz- ' y l For twenty five Cities in England, two to") e2ch, and London four; in all is fifty four W4 Citizens, viz. j For the eight Cinque-Forts, fixteen Bams,? , viz* . S For part 2. of ENGLAND. 6' For 0.C two Univcrfitics, two intgejfes for ? 4 each, is four, we:. 3 For one hundred fixty eight Boroughs. ) thcrcarc three hundred-thirtyand t* 0 , Borgcircs, for two of thole Borough*/ fend but one apiece, viz. Amlin th: twelve Counties of Mies, arc t> OI; juft twelve Surgeffes, viz. 3 « dr ml Kutnkr of ik ffmf* ‘fC 0 ' > MOWS is hive hundred and ten Y I0 thereof generally two.hundred are ab- $ font upon Bulinefs, or Sick,or. w n-Lit th» Barons of the Cinque* Port£* 2 ft h is, of Hii Commit id » Pm tbit dy in the KjW M ms ‘- h Clje p?efent State J Lift of the Names of the feverd Counties, Cities , Borough- Towns and Cinque-Ports, that fnd up Members to ftrvein tf Par'iament o/England, rdtbtk Number to be c ho fen b-t e-cb Place. I'cBfcuMjftc, C Ounty c/B.'dfcril, Two Tcv,i of Bedford, Two 'Bct&fljfte, County pf Berks, Two Borough of New Wind for, Two Borough of, Reading, Two Borough of Wallingford Two Borough of Abbington, Two 'BucirtitgijamUjicc. Borough of Bucks, Two Town of Bucks, Two Borough c/Chippiug-Wiccomb, Two Borough ofAyltsbury Two Borough of Agmoudcfliam. Two Borough of W endover. Two Borough of Great Marlow. T wo Canttyttige- Part 2 . OC ENGLAND. 69 CambjttJffefl&ae. Caw */ Cambridge, Vuvorj 11 ) Cambii Ig: Tmof Cambridge. C&efljftc. Const) of Chcftcr. Ciijof Chcfler Two Two Two Two Two Central. Two Two Two Two Two Two Two Two Tw® County of Cornwal eorougb of Dunhivid iliu Lancefton Borough of Lcskard. Bmugb of Leswithicl. Borough of Truro. Borough of Bodivin, Borough of Hellion. Borough of Saltafli. Borough of Gamelford. enough of Port-Pigham tliu Wdlow. Two Borough of Crampound Two enough of Eafilow Borough of Penryn Borough o/ Tregony Borough of Bofliney Borough of St. IvCS. Borough of Foway Borough 0/S:. Germans Borough of Michel Borough of Newport Borough of St. Mawcs Borough of KiUiuton. Two Two Two Two Two Two Two Two Two Two Two Cimiucc- 70 Eijc pjefcnt state Cum&crianB* Count} of Cumberland Citj of Carlide Borough of Cockcrmonth. Dci'lnifljirc. Count) of Derby Borough of Derby DcUoitfljfrc. Count) of Devon Cit) of Exeter • Borough of Tornes Borough of Plymouth Town of Okchamptcn Borough o/Barnllablc Borough of Plymptou. Borough of Honiton. Borough c/Tavirtcck. Town of Aflrburcon Borough of Clifton, Dartmouth,Hardncs Two Borough of Bdrafton Two Borough of Tkencn. Two Count) of Dorfct Two Town of Pool, Two Borough of Dorchcflcr, Two Borough of Lime-Rcgis, Two Borough of Weymouth Two Borough Two Two pan 2. Of ENGLAND. 7 1 I0iicb of Mclcombe-Rcgis, mtS h of] Bridport lowilk of Gallon, Two Two Two s , m b of Wareham, if Corf-Calllc, Two iMfijopttck ofDiuljam. Cfiirti t/Durham Two fin if Durham, Two Cnr.r ofE'Tex, Set n'n'of Colchcflcr, Two ii-rnigt tj Maldin, limg'n of Harwich, Two 1 Cm'-iof GlouccRcr, Two Cii) if Gtouccllr^ Two Two Imiif: of Circncdkr, ' Smitf of Tewksbury, Two pCLtfoMjllt, fr. ;,:i; cf Hereford, Two Ci:i if Hereford, Two Two of I.cmpllcr, Bmaskof Wcbly, Two rpertfo^fljicc. Coar.i) of Hertford, Two lottmsh 7 * Bf ENGLAND, Borough of St. Alhtns. Two Borough of Hertford. Two puntmsOonQirc. Countj of Huntingdon, Two Borough of Huntington. Two Eent- Couutj of Kent, Two Cit) of Canterbury, Two Citj of Rocheftcr, Two Borough of Maidflone, Two Borough of Quinborougb, Two Lancadjtre. Count] of Lancaftcr Two Borough of Lancaftcr, Two Borough or Town of Prefton, w? Tm Amoundernefs, 5 1 1 Borough of New-Town, Two Borough c/Wigon Two Borough of Clithero, Two Borough of Ltverpeol, Two County of Lciccfler. Two Town of Leiccftcr, Two Lincolnfljice- Count] of Lincoln, Two tin 75 Part. 2. Of ENGLAND. til] of Lincoln. Two 10$ of Bofton. Two 10$ of Great Grimsby. Two Imtof Stamford. Two ■; r c$ of Grantham. Two g^lDUlCfCJ?, Cmttjof Middlcfcx. Two City If Wdtminller. Two (it; of London, Four s^oumotitijfljfcc. Ctwx) of Monmouth, lomghof Monmouth. JBOtfOlft. Cratitj of Norfolk, Cit) of Norwich, Tawc/Lynn-Regis, Tom of Great Yarmouth* Irngi of Thetford, limgh of Caftle-Rifing Two One Two Two Two Two Two Two jaojtsamptonfljfte. Two Two Const) of Northampton, City of Peterborough Tom tEfiel&efeitt-State Town of Northampton, Two Town of Bracklty. - Tw 0 . Borough of Higham-Fcrrcrs, One : jao?t|)tmiDctiatC' : County e/Northumberland, ' Too Town of Newcaftle upon Tyne, Two Borough of Morpeth, Two Town of Berwick upon Tweed, Two. JBottfos®amififre». County of Nottingham, Two Town of Nottingham, Two Borough of Eadretford, . '-..Two r«&7>/Newark rf«# Trent,- : : ' : Two' County of Oson, .... Two Vnivtrjjty of Oxon, * ," Two City of Oxon, . Two.' borough of Ncw-WcodjjQck, ’ , Two 1 fyoughef Bandbury, Two; mim. County of Rutland, : Two s'fijopififrc. County of Salop, •- -■ Town of Salop , .Two Som$ ©omerfetfijiiT.. Catty if Somcrfct. Citj cf Briiiol, Co cf Gath. Citj if Wells, : nt%b "f Taunton, Hragtdf Bridgewater, of Minchcad, limit if Ilcclkr. }«&$ of Milbournport, £oi!tijuJi;ptc;?, orDampfljirc. feet of Southampton, Two Citj cf Wlnch-.-ftcr, Two 1m of Southampton, Two Tern cf rortfmouth, Two limit of Yarmouth, Two Jw.vjt f/(’Pctcrfield, Two Imtiih of Newport, nl:.n Medona, Two frail, cf Stockbridge, Two i'rait f/New-Town, Two Itmigt of Cltrifkhurth, Two i'.mitcf Whitchurch, Two .'MgJi of Limington, Two In of Andover, Two Two Two Two Two Two Two Two Two Two ©tflffO#- Clje pjefent State StaffoUWre. Count' of Stafford, City of Litchfield, Borough of Stafford, Borough of Newcaftlc under Line, Borough o/Tamworth, ©tlffOllt. Two Two Two Two Two Count)- of Suffolk. Borough of IpCwich, Borough of Dunwich, Borough of Or ford, Borough of Alborough, Borough 0/Sudbury, Borough of Eye, Borough of St. Edmondsbury ©tittp. Count) of Surrey, Borough of Southwark, Borough of Blechingly, Borough of Ryegat-, Borough of Guilford, Borough of Gatton, Borough of Haff.'merc, ©uffex. Count) of Suffex, Civj of Uachclkr, Borough of Horffiam, Borough of Midhurtt, Borough of Eews, Borough of New-Shordiam, Two Two Two Two Two Two Two Two Two Two Two Two Two Two Two I "0 Two Two Two Borough 77 p ar t2. Of EN GL AN D. borough of Rrambcr > Borough of Steyning, Borough of Eafl-Grimftcad, borough r/Arundel, Two Two Two eiiacuiicHnjtcc. Cm:.' of Warwick, Cii) (/Coventry, borough of Warwick, Two Two TWO jaeflmo?Uinn. Cwiy of Weftmorland, borough of Apulby. KHfltfofte. Co »»ry of Wilts, Civ, of Ncw-Sarum. Smugbof1heDovi7.es. borough o/Chippculiam. borough of Malmesbury. borough of Crickladc. borough of Great Bcdwin. borough of Lugdcrfal. Borough of Old Sarum. Borough of Wooten Bafft t. borough of Maryborough, E 3 borough of Wilton, borough of Downton, borough of Hindon. Borough of VVeftbury - ' of Heytesbury Two Two Two Two Two Two Two Two [Two Two Two Two Two Two Two Two Two Two TO’. Cijc l&efent State £O0’ce(Itt(t)!ce- County of Worccffcr, Two Cuj cf VVorccflcr, Two Borough of Droitwich, Two Bcro.gb of Evdhain, Two Borough of Ikwdlcy, Two r,mr.tr cf York, Two Ci;y if '.ork, Tw Town of Kingllon if or. !u:!i, Two Borough of Kiurcsborcugh Two 3 t.j,j:\~h of Scarborough, Two Borough of Rippon, Two Borough of Richmond, Two Borough of Hoydon, _ Two Borough o/Burrowbrig, Two Borough of Malton, Two Borougo of imrsKc, Two Borough of Aldboroiigli, Two Borough of Bcvcriy, Two Borough of North-Alicrton, Two Borough of Pomfret, Two asaroiMi Part 2 . OEENGLAND. 7P 1'arons Of tfie Cinque-Ports. purl of Riflings, 7m of YVinchclfcy, [in of Hycth, Pm of Dover, [on of Sandwich, Port of Scaford, Two Two Two Two E 4 WALES, 8o €ljeMtnt©tate WALES. anBlefep. IJle of Anglefey, Out rtwao/Bewmorris, Oct ^ecftnocfcfljtit. County'of Brecon, Out Town of Brecon, Oat cumgannjirp* County of Cardigan, Oat Tom of Cardigan, Oa* CatmattljeiidjiiT. County of Carmarthen, One Tom of Carmarthen, Oat CatiiarJjandjtre. County of Carnarran, On; Tom of Carnarvan One Deittyl&fre. County of Denby. One Town of Dcnby, One flint- Parts. Of ENGLAND; 3l JFJtntfljim Cm Sir Thomas Jones, Kt. The other ( sir j mam o m bin, Kt. Juftices, are ^ sir Thomas Raymond, Kt. Clerk of the Crown, Ssmucl AJlrejr, Efq; his Secondary, j.i/per U'iterkoufe, Efq; Prctonoiary, Sir Jfefcr Henley, Kt. his Secon¬ dary I Villum Lhejsy, Eiq; and his Deputy for Signing Writs, kJcfou’irtn.Gcnt. _ Marital, or Keeper of the jQxrs-Bexcbk rnon, \i Hetty Glover- Efq; C-^bnvim, Thom# Goodnin, Ei* and Simon funds iVocdrc.ird t HJcb^fd dffen, Clerks of the tapers, Mr. I'JivJTil Colemsn Clerk of the fyles. Mr George S)rm, Clerk of the Erro’s. Vr.Tkmss tt'Mrond, Sealer of the irriti. Sjd.irJ tc/ater,Ch rlc,for filirg the DecUritms. Mr. loir. Warier, Clcrkofthe/(f»!ewirJ*crr,anil M-, fr.tuiV Thicker, Clerk of the topes and Fijleis \ Head-Crycr, two Unckr-Crycrs, and two ' Ulkrs. Then there arc tila7cis for tlie fevcral Counties of Edited, whoc Office is in this Court, to make ou: all Prc c fs upon O.igmul Writs, a-, well Rol as Pci Tonal, rr.d ir.ixt. They arc thefe that follow,w.c. ^ €&e Ptffcnt state Mr. Edward Smith, Mr. Robert Hafiings, Mr. fames Ruck ., Mr. fames Fuller, Mt,Thomas Statham, Mr. John Green, Mr. George Woodfon, "John Frye, Efq; Mr. William Hayings, Mr. William Fytvenbil, Mr. fafias Wade, Mr. Thomas Batkurjl, Mr. William Avery , Mr. Godfrey Wildbore, Mr. Bap Herne, Mr. Robert Randal, Mr. Francis Caplin, Mr. MichaelMartin, Mr. Rjchard Afayn, Mr. fahn Hinde, Mr. Thomas Stone , Mr. Samuel Porter, Mr. William Bennet, Mr. William Osborne, iir John Saintloe, Kt. Mr. Robert Hide, Mr .Silv, Harlackenden, Mr. John Ayres, Mr. Henry Ewen, Mr. Bjcbard Bowcock. The manner of Tryals in this and all other Common-Law Courts in England, being dif¬ ferent from that of all other Countreys, and peculiar to England, (hall beat large rieferibed apart in a Chapter, with other peculiars, Part2. Of ENGLAND. r/;e Court of Common-Pleas. T Hc next Court for execution of Laws, is the Court of Common-Slen, fo called,be- caufc there are debated the ufual Pl-as between Subieft and Subjcft. Some fay, this Courr, as well as other Courts, was at fir ft held in the Kings Houfc, wherefoever he re¬ filled; but by the Statute of Mwi Cham, it was ordained, that this Court mould not be ambulatory, but be held at a certain place, and that hath fver fincc been m We\mnjta- ^None but Sergeants at Law may plead in this Court, and fo many of them as the King (hall appoint, arc bound by Oath to affifi all. that have any caufe depending in that Court. Note that Sergeants may alfo plead in all other Courts, as all other Barrifiers may. This Court may Grant Prohibitions, as tnc Court of the KJngs Bench doth. _ . The Chief Judge in this Court, is called the lord Chief fujlice of the Common-Pleas, or of the Common-Bench-, holdeth 1m Place by Let¬ ters Patent, durante beneplacito, and D do me other inferior Judges of this Court, whereof there are commonly three. . _ . In this Court, all Civil Caufes, Real and Per- fona!,areufually tryed, according to the Unfit Rule of the Law. , Real Afilions are pleadable m no other Court, nor Fines levied, or Recoveries fuflered, but on¬ ly in this Court uWeflminfleri Wjz Parent state The King allows to the Lord Chief T U |); CI T ,n \ w Urt ’ a Fe 5'R' w "d. Robes, andtwc Tan of \\ jpc, as is done to the Lord Chin Mice of the other Bench ; alio to the other Judg-s of this Court, and to four Sergeant; is allowed fees, Reward, and Robes to each In the i itia d tub of Eda. 3. there wc- e Eight Judges belonging to the Commoti-Pki,- at other times, feven, fix, and five , aud ft ^ the time ofd. and Edn. 4. but lince lift ally but four, as at this day. Before the Reign of Queen Mm, theft and the rcllof the 12 Judges, rode upon Mule’ and not upon Horfcs, as they now do Ingres'' State, at the beginning of the Term. p art2 . of ENGLAND. 9> A lift of the federal Officers be¬ longing to Hu Hajefties Court of Common-Pleas. T He Honourable, Sir Francii North , Kt. Lord Chiel Julhce. Sir Hugh JVyndbam, Sir Job Charlton , Sir Crefml Levlnzc. Thefc are the pretint ] u ges fthatTrnw- "Vn there is an Officer caliel Cufteslrevinm, the firii Clerk of the Ccu.t, wholeOfl-.ee is to receive ami keep all Writs returnable in that Court, to receive of the Protonotaries, .111±c Records of NifiPtm, called Men. He hold- cthhis Place by Patent from the King, and hath the Gift of the Cecond Protonotaries Place, and of the Clerk of the Juries. Sir Jo/epfc # hath this Office, his Deputy in Court is,■ rtwity,Efq; and the Office is executed by Mr. ^Thcre^are* three Protor.otaricS, a vrord com¬ pounded of Greek, and Lime (which wJithc Lents was ufual ) and fign.hcs; the: firft No¬ taries, they arc Chief Clerks of th sCour, and by their Office, arc to Enter and. I , ol a Declarations, Pleadings (wmch the Hba £ did formerly promiluiotffiydo,) Affiles. Juog ments, and Adlions; to make out Judicial Wriis.Ce. Thefc conliderablc Offices arc mthe Thorns Jtobir.j, Thomas WinJet... Unm[bre) Wirle) Itnbir.Jon, rinfer.l, SEI'quires. ■v Wirier J 92 Clje parent State in whofe Offices all the Attorneys of the Court of Comrm-Pleas do enter their Caufes, each of the /aid Prothonotarics hath nSecondarj, whofc Office is to draw up the Rules of Court, and to do other Matters relating to the bufmefs ofth; Court; Thefe Jrcwiffijrwarccommonlythcan- tienteft and able" Clerks or Attorneys ofth: Court, andatpreicntare, Mr. John Coats, Mr. Charles Cox, and Mr. fohnCork.. The Chirogra- pher (alfo from two Greet words, fignifyiogto acknowledge a Debt, by fetting ones hand) ii an Officer who ingrowth Fines acknowledg¬ ed, &e. He holdeth his Place alfo by Patent, and is at prefen t William ioignew'/fc.EfqiinTnii for Sir William Drake, who doth execute it by a Deputy Mr. Tboim Love —In this Office there are feveral Clerks,who have their fcvcral Coun¬ ties allotted them, and for which they arc to in- grofs the Fines leavied of Lands in their rev¬ ive divifions j the prefent Clerks arc. Mr. fobs Millet, Mr. Edmund Grace,. Mr. fohn djbton, Mr. Robert Love, Mr. Robert Bnrd, Regiftcr for this Office,is Francis Blake,} Mr ..John Stortr, Mr. fohn Cbriftmfs, Mr. Tisomas Nevmm, Mr. Peter Surer, All thefe Officers aforementioned fit in the Court, covered with black round Caps, accord¬ ing to the mode, immediately before the in¬ vention of Hats, which was fince the begin¬ ning of the Reign of Queen Elizabeth. More¬ over they arc all fworn, and have their Office! for Life as a Frce-hold. There are in this Court three Officers un- fworn, and hold their Places durante benefit- i. One part2 . of ENGLAND. 9? one Clerk of the Treafury, Mr. George ,’ u who hath the charge of keeping the Records of this Court, and makes out all Re- !,rjs of print, and divers other things. This Office is in the Gift of the Lprd Chief ^f 'lilr. Thoms Shirkj, Clerk of the Inroll. ■rents of Fines and Recoveries, who is by Stitute, under the three Puifne Judges ofthis Court . and rcmovcable at their pleafurc. Note njt ’the Inrollmcnt of Fines and Recove¬ ries or any part thereof, by Sttt. 13. Eliz. h/i. is of as good forec and validity in Law, to all intents and purpofes, for fo much of anvof them fo inrollcd, as the fame being ex- tant and remaining, were, or ought by Law, to be the general neglcdt whereof in this Kingdom, hath occalioned many Law-Suits, tad hath proved in procefs of time, exceed¬ ing dangerous to many Mens Eflates, x. The Clerk of the Outlawries, L^cbird jivd Efq-., who mak s out the Writs of Ct- fjji Vikoitum, ( after the parties are returned Outlawed) in the Name of the Kings Attor- r,:v, whoic Deputy lie is, fro tempore. There arc Five Cleiksor Offices-more, 1. Clerk of the Kings Silver, Henry Ludlow', Ffq- unto whom every Fine, or final Agree¬ ment upon Sale of Lauds is brought, after it lath been with the C#J?w Brevm , and to nhom Money is paid for the Kings ufc, exe¬ cuted by a Deputy, Mr .WtlhmHrterd. - Clerk of the Warrants, Thomujrowu, Efq. executed by a Deputy, Mr. Robert: Ftjb, who cutrcth all Warrants of Attorney, for^Plain¬ tiff and Defendant, and inrollcth all D-afc , parent state acknowledged before any of the Judges of this Court, Clerk of the Juries, Lum'.ey Eobinfon, Efq ; who makes out the Writs, called Habeas Cot- fora, and Deflrbgu Juratorum, for appearance of the Jury, cither in this Court, or at the Ari¬ zes in the Countrey, executed by Mr. Hambies his Deputy. 4. Clerk of the EfToins, or excufcs for lawful caufe of abfence, Hr. William Hall. 5. Clerk of the Supersedeas, Richard Mot, Efq; which is held by Patent, but before King James's time. the Writs of Superfedeas were made by the Exigcntcr. I11 this Court arc alfoFilners, for the feveral Counties of Er,gland, fo called from the Freud, Fit a Thrcd, bccaufc they File their Writs, Tbefc make out all Proccfs upon Original Writs, and do many ether things, too long to be here fet down ; of thefe there arc 14, viz. Fabian Tbilips, Efq, w ho hath London, Mii- dlefex, Bmtingtcn, arc! Cambridge-jhires. The reft of the Counties arc divided amongfl thefe that follow, Thomas Stringer, Efq; Mr. Bartholomew Canu f Mr. Henry Dottyr., Mr. Edmund Lt Neva, Mr. EJekard Spicer, Mr. John Bennet, Francis Gray, Efq; Mr. Charles Speke, Nr.Humphrey Nor lone Mr. Thomtt Herbert, Mr.ThomasChild, Hr.Richard Midlemot s Mr. Charles Clare, I And Mr. Later. Alcoc\, who is Protonotary, Eilazcr, and Exigcntcr of Monmouth , by Patent, the reft, in the Gift of the Lord Chief Jallicc, and hold fir Life. There arc alfo four Exigentcrs, whofe Of¬ fice isto make all Exigents and Proclamations, in all Aftions where Proccfs of Outlawry doth lye, Part 2.0f ENGLAND. Kc. This Writ is called an Exigent, becaufe it cxaflctli the Party, that is, requireth his ap- ptaraRceto anfwer the Law, and lies again ft a IranfgrdTor of the Law, that cannot be found, ror any < f his Goods within the County, fo that after ftsmmons by the Sheriff, at fivcfevcral County Courts, if he appear not, he is Out¬ lin'd. The four Exigentcrs at prefent arc, Mr. Dtwling, El'q; I Tollemch Duhg, Efq; Mr .ChiOes CUre, I And Mr.Tbo. GouJge > allin the Gift of the Lord Chief Jufticc, and arc for Life. There arc alfo belonging to this Court, four Crycrs and a Porter. Of the Court of Exchequer. T Hc next Court for Execution of Laws, is, that called the Exchequer, fo called, ssfome think, from a Chcqucr-wrought Car¬ per, covering the great Table intlrat Court, as the Court of Green-Cloth in the Kings Houfe is fo called from the Green Carpet, or clie faiin tiic Ercnch word Efchequier a Chcfs- toarrl. becaufe the Accomptants in that Of- &c, v.cre wont to nfc fucli Boards in their Calculation. Here are tryed all Catifcs which belong to the Kings Trcafury or Revenue, as touching Accounts, Di-'burfcments, Cuftoms, and all l ines impofed upon any Man. In this Court mav ft the Lord Trcafurcr; the Chan¬ cellor, of the Exchequer, the Lord Chief Ba¬ ron, ard four other Learned Judges , callei Barons oftlie Exchequer,2nd oneother Cuihtor Caron, who at prclcnt are, 1 Tiic of ENGLAND, The Honourable William Motmtague, Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer, Sir Edward Atkjiif, Sir mlliam Gregory, Sir Thomas Streete, Wiliam Crawley, Curfitor Baron. But the two firft fcldom fit, and thefe five lift fddom fail; The firft of thefe five, is the Prin¬ cipal Judge of this Court, and Anfwers the Bar of thfcBariflers, who diredt their Speech .0 him, takes Recognizances for the King; Debts, etc. It is an high Office of high Honor and Profit, he is ftiled Lord Chief Baron, is Created by Letters Patents, to hold this Dig¬ nity, SZuttm diu bene fe geferit, wherein he hath a more fixed Eftate than the Chief Juft- ces of either Bench, for the Law intends this an Eftate for Life; He alone without the other Barons, Sits at Guild-Hall the Afternoon in Term-time, upon Nifi prita in London, takes Audits, Accounts, Recognizances, Prefentati- ons of Offices, and many other things of im¬ portance. In the abfcncc of the Lord Chief Baron, the other three Barons fupply his place according to their Seniority; but the fifth is faid to be the Curfitor of the Court, and adminifters the Oaths to the Sheriffs, Under- Sheriff's, Bayliffs, Searchers, Surveyors, tfr- ot the Cujlom-Hoitfi, but is no Itinerantc Judge, nor counted one of the Twelve Judges. In the Exchequer are held two Courts, one of Law, another of Equity. All judicial proceedings according to Law, are coram Baronibus ; but the Court of Equity, held in the Exchequer-Chamber > is cotamTk- fturwf Part. 2. Of ENGLAND. [wrtrio, Cittceilirio, & Bironibus. Tliis Court tad its beginning, Primo Ph. iS Mir. Tlr- Authority of this Court is of Original Jtirifriiflion, without any Commiflion. Note alfo, that all the other fore-mention¬ ed Coin ts, were not inftituted by any Statute or Written-Law, but have their Original from thcantient cuitom of the Kingdom. For a long time after the Conqueft, there fate in the Exchequer, both Spiritual and Tem¬ poral Barons of the Realm, and in latter times there fate in tiicir places, others that were not Peers of the Realm, yet Riled Bmm, quit iltjdtreiblibim Bimes. All the Twelve Judges belonging to tliefc High Tribunals, fit in Robes, and lquare Caps, like Dodiors of Divinity, becaufc (asfomefay) they were anticntly mod commonly Clergy-men jdDodlors, Rilhops or Prelates. tllje pefent State A Lift of the fever A Officers belong, tng to His Majeftics Court of Exchequer. . hi the ^-Exchequer. T He Kings Remembrancer , E f'E ltS Vicount g A# SB Air. mvbokMn arc Eight fwom Clerks, whereof Them mil, ? Efquires, the two Second* Arfel Beaumont, 5 rlCS * The reft are, Mr. Hugh frinkltnd, Mr. Butler Buggin, Mr. George Watts. •Mr. Brands But Ur. Mr. Gabriel Armiger, Mr. William Batburfi, In this OfF.cc pafs all the Account! con¬ cerning the Kings Revenue for CuIIoim E cize, Hearth-Money, Subfidies, and all Aids granted to the King in Parliament, and all o-, ihcr Accounts in what Nature 1^.® j cerning the King's Revenue, cithCT «iwn«| calual; All Securities, either by'Bond o R coar.iranccs, to the Kings Majcfty, foranyo Hif Debts, are taken here. All P roc “^ upon any Statute by Information for yuta rjcizes or any other Ptnal Law. All Pr cccdirgs upon the Paid Bonds or R«or vanccs or any other Bonds taken in the King" Name,' by Officers appointed ‘ hcrc “" t ®’ the Great Seal of England, and tranfnutte . this Office for recovery thereof. From "li*. fe forth Procefs, tJ caufe jll to cone in and Account. In the Court of ^ Part 2. of E N G L A N D. liMit, there being a Court of Equity, all pro¬ ceedings touching the fame, are in this Office, nth many other things concerning the Kings Revenue. This Office is in the Kings Gife. Next is the Lord Treafurors Remembrancer, Sir jefoi Osbourn, Kt. whofe Office is to make Proccfs againft all Sheriffs, Receivers, Bayliffs, He. for their Accounts, and many other thing' of moment, as Eftrcat-Rulcs, all Char¬ ters, and Letters-Patents, whereupon any Rents arc referred to the King. In this Office there were heretofore twelve fworn Clerks, whereof the two firft were called Secondaries; and whofe Names arc now ffobnTithii, and Join Tsjkiure, Efquircs. This alfo is in the Kings Gift. Clerk of thePipe, is the Right Honourable bhigji Lord Clifford, who hath all the Accounts and Debts due to the King, drawn out of the Remembrancers Office, and chargeth them down in the Great Roll or Pipe, and therefore probably was it called the Pipe-Office. He hath under him eight fworn Clerks, Si Mss Highmore, Ef 11 to make Schedules for fuch Sums as arc o Hills J,h shlu.Bv '"'"/"'Sf' 0 ' »•"*#** [ part 2. , Of ENG LAND. ioi There Audit all all the Accompts of the Kings Other Revenue, that aril's by Ails, granted in Parliament. , . fcmmbMcer of Firlt-Fruits and Tenths, is mm Priuimti.'ESm whofc Deputies arc J(e- kttVrwin and George Hobhfoti, Tliefetakc all Compolitions for. Firlt-Fruits and Tenths, and nuke Proccfs againft liich as pay net the fame : this Office is kept in Hum Girieu. There arc alfo two other ccnfiderablc Offi¬ cers, called Deputy-Chamberlains Mr. Cole, sr.d *Mr. -AJ-/, in whofeOfficc at U'ejlmivjler, are prcfervtd all the Counterfoils of the Tal¬ lies, (whereof more anon) fo exactly ranged by Months and years, that, they may prefently be fond cut, to he joyned with their refpefhve Stock or Tally, when thereunto required ; which being done,and proving true,they deliver the fame, attcflcd for a lawful Tally to the Clerk of the Pipe, for to be allowed in the Great Roll; but in cafe any corruption bath been iifed, the fame is cauly, and foon difeovered, and the Offender feverelypuniihed, by Fine and Iaprifonment. There are alfo divers other Officers, as Clerk of the Parcels, Clerk of the Nichils, Marfhals, Ulkr of the Exchequer, whofc Office is cxecu r t-.d by a Deputy, alfo four under lllhers. F? Of Cfje liferent State Of the other part of the Exchequer, called by fame ofthe Lower Exche¬ quer, where the Kjngs Revenue is Received and Disbttrfed with admirable Order and Frugality. T He Principal Officer is the Lord Trea- Purer, of whom, fee the FirJJ Pat of i(e Sine of England. . This Office upon the Rcfignation of the late lord Clifford, was conferred upon the Right Honourable, the Lord Vicount Lttiour, after¬ wards created Earl of DarJ>y, and fincehis go¬ ing out, it is executed by five Lords Commi.- Loners, vk. The Right Honourable Laurence Vifcomt Hide of Kennelworth. Sir John Ernie, Kt. Chancellor of tit Exchequer. 5,V Edward Dearing,Kt. Sidney Godolphin Efq-, Sir Stephen Fox, Kt. There is one Secretary, Henry G«;,Efq; Next Officer is the Chancellor of the Exche¬ quer, who is alfo an Officer of great Account and Authority ; he hath a Pr incipal Pojvcr,n« only in the Exchequer Court but alfo here m c managing and difpofing of the hmgs R ™ue. He hath alfo the cuftody of the Excheqi ; He Sits in the Court not only above all the h- rons of the Exchequer, but (as fome ^ J fcuve the Lord Trcafurcr, having a fupcrintea p ar t 2; Of ENGLAND.' d c0C y and controulmcnt over the Lord Trea- ^He ha°th" the Gift of the Controller, or Clerk of the Pipe, and of the Clerk oftheP/wr, alfo oftlie Clerk of the Stchih, and cf the Seal of l ^He is moreover Undcr-Trcaturcr, and hath the Gif; of the two Praifers of the Court. This Office is now enjoyed by Sir Join En,k, ^rhen there are two Chamberlains of the Ex- timer, Sir Kido'ns Jt;rvjri,and Wts.HjUtiri, in whofo cuHedy arc many antient Record;, Leagues and Treaties, with Pornign Princes the standard's of Moneys Weights and Mcafiire?, thofi antient famou- Rooks called Dooms-di). and the BUck-Book. of the Exchpcr, whereof the f. rmer is Libtr Cenfutlii totus AvgUxt tlic ofEnghtd,nvdc by WiSimthc Con- queror, wherein is deferibed all the Lands of IttUtl W ith the true value, and their Owners Hines; it wa« fix years in making, viz. from the latino the lotJbycar of that King, - and called at M.Bouhis Wintoni-t, but fince named Dooms dij ferh. bccaufc therein was fet down an exact Ac¬ count, not only of all the Cities, Towns, and Villages of Er.ghni, but the number of Fami¬ lies, of Men, Soldiers, and Husbandmen, Bordmen, Servants, Cattle; how much Mo¬ ney, what Rent, how much Meadow, Pallure, Woods, Tillage, Common, Marfli, Heath, every one poffdfcd : and when anyone was cited, or any difference arofc about thofe things and Taxes, tfc. there was no place for denying or deceiving the King (whereof many men now make little Confcience, though all good Chri- (lians ever accounted it a grievous and hainous Sin) when this Book .was opened, like asat it will io4 tEUe l&cfent mm be at the opening cf the .Bcefc at the Great day of Doom, or General Judgment of the World, This Book is kept under three Locks ami Keys, not to be look'd into under 6s.S.i and for every Linctranfcribcd, is to bepaLUfb Next is the jiidiur of the Receipts, Sir JJs- ten IJov>iri, whofc Office is to file the Bills cf the Tellers, whereby they charge thcml'chcs with all Monty received, and to draw all Or¬ ders to be Signed by the Lord High Treafurcr, for ifluing forth til Moneys by virtue of Pri¬ vy Seals, whkh arc Recorded and Lodged ia his Office. He alfo makes Debentures to the f'cvcral Perfons, who have Lees, Annuities, or Penfions by Letters Patents from the King, cut of the Exchequer, and dirrdis them for payment to thcTclicis. He receives every week, the ftatc of the Account of each Teller ; and alfo weekly, certifies the whole to the Lord High Treafurcr, or Lords Commiflioners, who imme¬ diately prefent the Eflimate or Ballancc to the filers Acc o unt in ^ at Eifler an&Micbtehnx. By him are kept the fevcral Regifters, appointed for paying all per¬ fons in courfe, upon fevcral branches of the Kings Revenue. He is Scriptor Ttlliorum, hath five Clerks to manage the whole F.llatc of Mo¬ neys received, disburfed, and remaining. Next, there arc four Tellers, viz. John to- loving, Efq: S\r George Doming,kt. Sir Thati Ferr.on, Kt. George Doming, Efq; Their Clerks or Undcr-Tcllcrsarc.Mr. Sppeer, Mr.H'oodrmfe, Mr. Squibb, Mr. Deerirg: Their Office is to re¬ ceive all Moneys due to the King, and thereup¬ on to throw down a Bill through a Pipe into the Tally-Court, where it is received by the Au¬ ditors Clerk, who there attends to write the words of the faid Bill upon a Tally, and then Part2. Of ENGLAND. fiver the fame to be entred by the Clerk of the Pells, or his under Clerk, who there attends to enter it in his Book; then the Tally is cloven by the two Deputy-Chamberlains, who have their Seals; and while the Senior Deputy reads one pirt, the Junior examines the other part with the other tvs o Clerks. . Clerk of the Fells, is tvillim n'kn/eiir.Efq; nliofc Office is to enter every Tellers Bill into a Parchment Skin, (in Lntinc, TellU, whence this Office hath its name ) all Rcceiptsand Pay¬ ments fur the King,for what caufe,or by whom¬ ever: ar.d is in nature of a Comptroller, hath four Clerks, whereof one is for the hlroitxs-, and another for the Exim. Mircovcr, he is to make weekly, and halfc yearly Books, both of the Receipts and Payments, which arc deli¬ vered to the Lord Treafurer, or Lords Com- milTioners of the Trcalury. In the Tally-Court fit the Deputies of the two Chamberlains, JobnLom and Mittkim Li * j?fr,Elijiiircs; who cleave the Tallies, and ex¬ amine each piece apart. A Tally m the Exchequer, fiom the French Yah, Tillier, to cut, is a very ancient, and mod attain way of avoiding al! cozenage in the Kings Revenue; the like no where clfe in Cliri- rccr this manner. He that pays the King any Moneys, receives fir his Acquittance a Tally, that is.thconc halfc with certain proportionable X. teks thereon, cxpp'ffivc ofthe lum from the Aid Dtputy-Chambcrlains, who keep the other liick, called thcFoyl, ami dc- -wi n route Iavly-Joyncrs, on the other fide d the Exchequer, who arc alfo Deputies to the Chmbci Inins, and they joyn it with the Foyl, '■'inch agreeing, they give it their Tdi, and. F y fend- IO S fcUe Iftefettt State fend it by an Officer of their own to the Pipe; j wt ere their Quietus eft is ingroffed in Parch ! ■ 511 This mod antient way of ftriking of Tallies ha-h been found, by long experience, to bcab- folutely the bdl way that ever was invented, for it is mortally impoffiblc fo to falnfic or coun¬ terfeit a Tally., but that upon rejoynir.g it with the Counterfoyle, it will be obvious to every eye, either in the Notches,or in the cleaving, in the longitude, or in the Latitude, in the na¬ tural growth, or in the fhape of the Counter- foyl : whereas Acquittances in Writing cannct be fo done, but that they may be counterfeited by skilful Penmen, and that fo exaftly.as that he who wrote the Original, fhall not be able to know his own hand from the counterfeit,as hat'd been frequently fecn in all the Courts of Wjl- mrifier. Other Officers in the Exchepet arc the two lifters, Robert, and Pbitif Picket, Efquires.whofe Office is to take care to fccure the Exchequer by day and by night, and all the Avenues leading to the fame, and to furnilh all ncceffarks, as Books, Paper tfr. w „ , There is alfo a Tally-cutter, Mr. Simd lixgfout, and four Mcflengers. By long continuance, and the wiled contri¬ vances that the ablcft Men of many Ages could invent, the Exchequer of the King of Er,gur.i,)S become the beft ordered publick Revenue in the World. , , Though the number of Officers in the Excel- yuer, is far greater than in any of the Kings Courts, yet not near fo great as the Financers, and ether Officers belonging to the Revenues of the French King, who are fo many,, that that Fees cat-up a Yfry considerable pare onne Part 2. 0f ENGLAND-. , whole Revenue-, whereas, for rewarding all the Officers in the Englilh where¬ of mod arc ever perfons of Eftates, Parts, auJ treat Integrity, it colb theKinga vcryincon- Sdcrable fum of Money, as will cahly ap- rar to any one who (hall confldcr, thatinca.c of a Gift from the King of Moneys, or Pcnflorr out of his Exchequer, he that receives it, pays but ,1. ter Cent, among!! the Tellers, Auditors, Clerk of the Pells, and their Clerics, and to all other Officers whatfoever; and, which b remarkable, there goes not among!! the faid Officers and Clerks, fo much as 5 1. per Cent. outof publick Payments., as for the Navy, Ord¬ nance, Wardrobe, Mint, to the Cofferer, Trea- furcr ’of the Chamber, fife; In cafe ofMoncys paid in by any oftheKmgs Tenants, Receivers, it colls them lbmetimcsbut U and at mol! but 3 a. for every payment un¬ der a thoufandpounds; and that goes only to the Clerks for theirpa ns in Writing and attend- "V bringing in of all Moneys to the King, tolls his Majeily , among!! Receivers Collect¬ ors, and all others in the Countrey, not.above : s. in the pound; and at His £ xebequer, it colts him in a manner nothing at all.; for the Tci- l.rs, who are bound to the King in 10000/. fccurity, for the true difeharge ot then-great Trufs, have under 53 /. penrmum for their Sa¬ lary from the King and the two Clerks of cac.a Teller, whocnnllantlv attend their Offices,nave nothing at all from the King. o8 €tje Relent State T be Court of the Dutchy of LANCASTER. T Hcrc is another Court at Wt[lminfler, cal¬ led the Court of the Dutchy of which takes cognizance of all Caufes that any way concern the Revenue belonging to that Dutchy, which hath been long lincc annexed to the Crown, The Chief Judge of this Court, is theChan- cellor of the Dutch},vtho is afliiled by the At. tomey of the Dutch). There arc divers other Officers of this Court, a Lilt of whofc .Names here follow. Sir Robert Carr , Chancellor, and is alfo one of His Majeltics molt Honoura¬ ble Privy-Council. Sir John Heath, Attorney-General, Sir John Curfin, Receiver-General, Sir John Ottmy , Vice-Chancellor of the Dutchy, John Faujhaw , Rich? , Edward Webb, Efq- f Auditors. Sir Gilbert Gerrard , Kt. Clerk of the Dutchy. Ibomas Dejbomigb , Meflenger This Court is kept at Wefimir.flcr, by the letter Sxchetjtter, and the Office of Sir Gilltri 'Janr&iX Grtrt-Iw.. Of part2. of ENGLAND. io^ Of the Herb Qmrt of CHANCERY. \lE\t to the Ifjrgs-Berxb in iKJwinJhr- > foil, is wifely placed this High Court, to mhhatc the rigor of that; i' is Cur in Cin- ttSirU, becatife, as fontc think, t!:c Judge of this Court lateanticnrly htuC'jnctl os, or Lu- -uhcEalt end of our Churches being 1c- r er C, ncellos, fiom the Body ol the Church, as peculiarly belonging to the Pricil, ncre th.er.ee called Ckur.cels. This Court is the Olf.cw ^uJHi:it,tnc Y omb of a’! cur Fundamental Laws, the Fountain cf VI our Proceedings in Law, the original of all other Courts. It is asantient as the civility of the Nation, though perhaps by another name. This Court proceeds, either ordinarily,ac- cordir" to the laws,Statutes,and Cu'lonisof ■h^vation, and in Letire, granting out M rits ITr^’torv and Remedial, Writs of Grace; or cK-^ccording to Equity and Confidence, and Bill • fo that the Clmeery hath two 6-r:s in ere, the equitable part is by llihs, ' ■dv-T'. 1 ir.dD v rces,to examine frauds Com- i-0rinn= ‘"Tru'C S ertt Ufes, tic. tonwde- p f .,,j, c r o'ctiic Laws, and refeue Men est of thc'bands of their Oppreffors. To rc- l;etc a Man, cfpecially in three things, vie. a- o,-.ir,!t Cheats, unfortunate Acciucnts, ana bttaJtcs of Trull. , . Out cf this Court arc ifluedout Y fits, or Summons for Parliaments, Edifts, T r ° cla "J, at1 ' ocs Charters,Protcdlions, Safe-Conducts, Yntj of MJtHiiMfirimdiJ, when any perfon hath no £!je parent state j been amerced too high, and fora reafonablj part of Goods for Widows and Orphans, p a . tents for Sheriffs, Writs of Certiorari to re¬ move Records, and falfe Judgments in inferior Courts, Writs of Audita Querela, and Scire h. tin: here arc Sealed and Inrolled Letters Pa. tents, Treaties and Leagues with ForcignPrin- ecs, Deeds between Tarty and Party, touch¬ ing their Lands and Ellatcs, or Purchafers ta. king Recognizances, and making of Extents upon Statutes and Recognizances for payment of Money, or fccuring of Contracts, Writs Remedial or Magillerial, Commiffions of Ap¬ peal, Oyer and Terminer, i5c. The Court of Common-Pleas, which are betwixt Subjcft and Subjeft, hath its Original and Commillions from the Chancery , and cannot hold Pleas with, out it. For the Lathe part of this Court arc the 24 Curftors ; and for the Englijk part arc the Six Clerks. The Court of Equity, that proceeds not ac¬ cording to Law, is no Court of Record, and therefore binds only the Pcrfon, not his Lands or Goods. The Judge of this Court, is the Lord Chan. Count of teller, or Lord Keeper of the Great Seal of £rg- Chance- ^ He is here the l'ole Judge, whereas in o- r.y. ther Courts there arc three or four Judges; but he may, and doth often, in Cafes cf greater weight and difficulty, in caRs of Law, call fome of the other Judges to hisaffiflar.ee; and therefore it is fni.l, this Office may be difehar- ged by one that is no profcllcd Lawyer, as it was almofl always anciently; and fo of latter times by Sir Chnjiopher Hatton, and after by Dodh.r IVLiams, Bifhop at' Lincoln, to their great Praift and Cununriidation, J.I Part a. of ENG LAND. ,,, It is the higheft Dignity in EnglsnJ, that a Tatman is capable cf, it is Summon tmbitnw itimi l«*fi Soljlitium ; and the Chancellor is,Ms- s '^" c “” t )^rtcLord Chanccllcr had fometimes his Vice-Chancellor, commonly called Kjtper if tit Crest Sesl ; but of latter times, they differ only in Name. _ In tnr.ee, he that is made Chancellor, is Du. nsie vita , his Place cannot be taken away, although the Seals may. It is faid there, that he is lb to attend to the folc Intcreft or the King and People, that he mud not be Icnhblc of any Relations, or other confidcration; and therefore may not put himfclf in Mourning, neither for his own father, nor for the King himfclf. . . Chancellors have been in Eng mi, as the Learned Sir Willism Dugisle finds, as foon as Chriilianity was embraced by the Stxons. The Chancellor is faid to be Keeper of the King’s Confcicnce, to judge fecundmaquum (5 him, according to Equity and Confciencc ; He is to moderate the to aufc^Sixua-, toe esaft Rigor and Letter of the Law, "hereunto other Judges arc ftriaiy tied; for the Prmccs cf this Realm, (in imitation of the K NGo Kings Governing the WorlJ by ?«/!»« and Merci) have eroded two Suprcam Tribunals toacthcr, at the upper end of \Ve[\vw>jlcr-Hi]l, one of Ivflice, wherein nothing but the itriCf court of Letter cf the Law is obferved ; and the other of l'l'rci , wheicin the rigor of the Law is tcmnereJ with the fwcctncfs cf Equity, which is nothing dfc but Mercy, qualify mg the lharp- tefs of Jujiicr. , This Court being a Courtrof Con.acnce, the Iris it is perplexed with the quirks ofLawyers, €lje defeat state the more it is guided hy Confcicncc and Equi¬ ty ; and therefore the Kings of England would have this Court fuperior to the other Tribu¬ nals, thatfo, if any tiling was done amifs, by thole following the rigor of the Law, here by good Confcicncc and Equity, it might be amended: wherein they followed the Noble Pattern of the Great Conjlantinc, gui omm ]». as leges impsrfelhs effevoluit, ut inde Jutditifui appel/arext ad Epifeopos ; and therefore in all former times, the Judges of this Court were chofen out of the Clergy, able Divines, who by their skill in the Law" of God, and of Na¬ tions,were bell able to judge, according to Mo¬ deration and Equity, and molt willing to exe¬ cute accordingly, alfo futdt to difpefe of the Kings Spiritual Bcnclices. Befides, when this High Office was given to Bifliops ami Clergy-men, and thereby wealth, and a publick Spirit, ufually cor.joyncd; what greatpublick Afts of Piety and Charity, were don: by them for this Nation ? To mention only in Oxford, what Noble and rich Foiinda- tions arc Cbrifl-C hutch , Magdi'er.s, Ncm-Co I- ltdge, ar.d Merton Colledgel All Founded by Bilhops that were Chancellors; and on the contrary, fince the places of Chancellor, Trea- furer, Privy Seal [5 'c. have been ufually in the hands of Lay-men, what one great Work hath been dene for the publick, but only Wealth heaped upfor their own private Families? The manner of proceeding in this Court, is much like that in the Courts of the Civil-Law; the Aflions by Bill or Plaint, the Witnelfcs ex¬ amined in private, the Decrees in Ettglijh or Latin?, not mFrencl!. No Jury of Twelve Men, but all Sentences given by the Judge of the €f)e l&efcnt State upon’ Oath, though to the accufing of a mans fclf, in divers Matters damageable, and penal; by the whole manner of publication, the depofition of Witnefles upon Interrogatories, ar.d inptrpeiumrei Memorim, by the term anil ufc of final Decree, and many other points dif- fering from the Cemrautt-Zaw^nd whollyagrce. ing with;he Chil-Lttv. This Court is always open, whereas all the others ate (hut, but only in Term times fo that if a Man be wrongfully iroprifoned, in the Vacation time out of Term, the Lord Chan¬ cellor may grant his Writ of Hikx Corfu, and do him jullicc according to Law; fo like- wilemay this Court grant Prohibitions, in time of Vacation, as w ell as in Term time. of ENGLAND. A Lift of ibe federal Officers belonging to the High Court of Chancery. H Eneage Earl of Nottingham , Lord High Chancellor of England. Then the Twelve Walters of Chan. ({r j as followeth. Sir Harbottk Crimson, Baronet, Ma¬ her of the R dls. Sir Thomas Efcourt, Kt. Sir Hu Coel, Kt. Sir timothy Baldwin, Kt. Doftor of Laws. Sir V/iUum Beverjham, Kt. Sir Edward Low, Do&orof Laws. Sir Samuel Clarke, Kt. SirLjctfw William Child, Kt. Sir Miles Cooka Kt. Sir John Frank! 11 ', ^t- Sir John Hoskins, Kt. Sir Adam Otley, Kt. SiiiS »»'• „ n 6 'CEijc pjcftitt ©tntc At prefer,! there arc kept all the Rolls, fince the beginning or^'cAmf the 5. thcrcliarckcpt in the Turner of Lon.lon. Ir. liis Gift arc, beildcs the Six Clerks OtRcc, the Offices cf the Examiners, three of th: Clerks of the Petti-bag, and the Six Clerks of the RollsCkappel, \vhc:cthc Rolls arc kept. Next, Clerk of the Crown, Bern Sir{n, Enquire, before-rnci-tionod : This Offitc is of high importance; he is cither by himfclf or Deputy, continually to attend the Lore! Chan¬ cellor f,r ipeciel Matters of State, and hath a Place in the Higher Houfc of Parliament: He makes all Writs for Election of Members of Parliament, fitting in the Parliament, upon Warrant tliredred to him upon the death, or re¬ moval of any Member; and alfo Commifficn; of0):rand Terminer , Goal-delivery, Com- miffions of Peace, and many other Com- miffions difiribuiing juflicc to His Majcffiies Subjefts: which Office is executed byMr.M- reuasa DCpLifv'j Protonotary of this Court is J{pkrt Tefctl E’q; this Office is chiefly to expedite Corn- millions for Embaffics. It is executed by a Deputy, Clerk c F the Hamper or Hamper ■ fometime fliled Warden of the Hamper: wh.fc Office is to receive all the Money due to the King for the Seals of Charters, Patents. Commiffioiu, and Writs, and to attend the Keeper of the Seal daily in Term-time, and at all times of Sealing, with Leather-Bags now, ( but anticntly probably with Hampers) wherein are put all Sealed Charters, Patents, tfc. and then thof; Bags, delivered to the Comptroller of the Brn- per. Part2 . of ENGLAND. 117 This OjTicc is now enjoyed by Henry Sty- par, Efqj and executed by a Deputy, Pdrsiri Warden of the fleet, or Keeper of the Fleet- frifa, is an Office very conlidcrablc, and is to lie care of the Prifoncrs there, yho arccom- Eoilyfiich as are lent thither from this Court, foreontempt to the King or his Laws, or fuch nwllnot pay their Debts, tfr. The prefent Warden is \kbird Minlove, Efq; Sergeant at Arms is Sir Geerge Ckmc\ Kt. sliofc Office is to bear a Gilt Mace before the Lord Chancellor or Keeper for the time be- & Clerks are Officers of great account, Tit in degree to the Twelve Mailers inCAnr- it,;, whole Office is to inroll Commiffions, Pardons, Patents, Warrants, tfc. that are pai- .edthe Great Seal. They were anticnrly Ck- riti, and afterwards forfeited their Places if thv did Marrv, till by Adi of Parliament in lie'time of Henry the Eighth, Ocy were allow¬ ed to take Wives. They arc alfo Attorneys for Plaintiffs and Defendants,in Caufes depending in this Court. The prelent Six Clerks are, ;/jtiLn> Tiniir, Efq; | Sir J rillim Pirkjns.Kt. ihi ,i™ Blue*. Efq, Skm Bridges, Efq; iisEimriMne),U. 1 Sir fyiert Mirpim,kt. ufokeep their fevcral Offices at a place called the S:x Clerks Of.ce in Chiuerj-hne and con- Jant ly keep Commons together nr ferm- . in CArwer; there arc tv Kt. j.ie/W, aid Fund Sir T'co- Imider., Efq; ns €Jje pjefent State Efq; Their Office is to examine the Witncffcsoa their Oathsin any Suit on both (ides, This Office alfo is executed at the Rolls, Clcrksofthc Petty-bag in Choicer} are three, A it on Pergry, Efq; fames Ber.m, Efq; and £j. tnond Efcmtri, Efq; they are under the Mafler of the Rolls. Their Office is to make all Patents for Guflomers, Comptrollers, all Corgi S Eflires, firft Summons of Nobility, Clergy, Knights, Citizens and Burgelles to Parliament, The Six Clerks of the J^l/tChappcl are Hem Grimjlon, William Walfh, Samuel Guillem, fas Lilly , fof. Haley , and Sam. KJiEingmnh, Efquircs. The Subpena-Offtcc is to iffiic out Writs to fumtnon perfons to appear in Chancery. ' This Office is in the hands of Erjmtetj Lady Pane, Sir Walter fane, and Charles Van, and executed by their Deputy, Mr. Nicholas Hoe\, Clerk of the Patents, or of Letters Patent, under the GreatSeal of England,is S\t Richpl Pigot, Kt. and executed by a Deputy; this Of- fic was erefted 1 6 fac. The Regillcr of the Court of Chancery is Henry, Earl of St. Albans, under whom arc De- puty-Rcgiilers, viz. Henry Devenijh, Efq; and Geo'ge Edvards, Gent. Kcgiltcrs for the Rolls, Carem Guidon, Gent, anj Thomas Cantpisr., Gent. Clerk of the Reports, Keeper of the OH Book, and of one of the Entry-Books, fat Sandford, Gent. Keeper of ore other Entry- Book, Robert Devenijh, Gent. The Part2.Of E N GLAND. 119 The Office for filing all Affidavits in the Paid Court of Cbancery, isan Office granted by Let¬ ters Patents, of which Office, Samuel Pojnter, Ity is Matter. Curlitors Office-in the Chancery , is to make out Original Writs, they were anticntly called Clnici de curfu, of theft there arc Twenty four, whereof each one hath certain Counties and Cities allotted to them, into which they make out fuch Original Writs as arc required. Thefe Clerks arc a Corporation of thcmfelves, and arc all Perfons of Quality, whole Names fol¬ low. Tk Names of the Curfitors are thefe , 0!m Symonds Principal. Adjutants. Kr chard Trice S Gorge Korbitrj, Abraham Nclfott, Retard Plumften, Jffei Korbury, Eimti Eyre, William Adderley, AM;m Skinner, John Shclbery, William Plumpten, Thorns Piper, Elias Gladman, who execute thefe Offices by thcmfelves, or by their Deputies. This Oflicc is kept near lin- ctks-hr.. ivmm j,oe, Michael Terry , fcoffrey Bines, Minhcva Colbortc, fames Smith, ’ Samuel Layton, fohn Hankins, Samuel Coles, George Davies, and fobn Oades. Secretary 120 Of ENGLAND, Secretary of the Prercntation of Spiritual Benefices, Henery FrederickThynne, Efq ; There is al:b an Office called the Ali-wtin. Ofse , whcrcunto all Writs of Covtnm and Entry, whereupon Fines are Levied, and fya- veries faltered , arc carried to have Fines for Alienation, fet and paid thereupon; this Office is executed by three Commiflfioners, viz.Pert- grim Bertie, Efq; Sir EdmoniTurner.ini Edwiri Cottrlhopp, Efq;' who fet thofc Fines. I(ichtri Courthopp who indorfes the value of the Lands upon thofc Writs. In all are counted feventy two offices under the Lord High Chancellor of England. Mr. Nichols, Receiver of thofc Fines, and John Brooks Porter of the Office. All the fore-mentioned Courts of Judicature at iVeflminjler, are opened Four times a year, called the four Terms, viz. Eijler Term, which beginneth always the fcventcenth day after Eajler, and Jaftcth 17 ^Trinity Term begins the yth day after Trititj SurJjy, and lalfeth io days. Michaelmas Term began heretofore a little after that Fcaft, but now by a late Statute, be¬ gins the *5 of O.lober , and lafteth 37days. Lallly, Hilary Term begins now 10 days after St. Hilary Bifnop , or the 23 of .? amity , and lafleth 11 days, lb in all 105 days, from whence niuft be dc.ludted about 20 Sundays and Holi¬ days, which are as Dies Kefafli, wherein the Courts lit not: I'o that in one fourth part of the year, and that in one City, all confuta¬ ble Giufes of the grearefl part of England are fully decided and determined; whereas in Fo¬ reign parts, the Courts of Jufticc are open Part.2. Of ENGLAND. I2j all the yeaY except high Holidays and Har- vdf, and that in all great Cities. This may fccin therefore llrangc to all Foreigners, till they know that the Englijh have always been »iwn more to pcaecablcncfs and induftry, than utlier people, and that rather than gofo far as Imioh and be at fo great charges with Attor¬ ns and Lawyers, they will cither refer their difterenccs to the Arbitration of their Parifh- Pridb, who do, or ought to think it a prin- cipil part of their Duty to reconcile diffe¬ rences within their Parilhes, or to the Arbi¬ tration of honed neighbors; or elfc are con- ter.t to fubmit their differences to Tryal before the Judges of Aflizes, called Mojufliccs in Epe, or the /i iterant Judges, who twice a year, viz. after the end of Hilary Term, and after the end o!Trmi)Term, two by two of thefc principal judges ride fcveral Circuits, and at the prin¬ cipal Town of every County, (it to hear and determine all Caufes • of leffcr moment, both Civil and Criminal; a mod excellent wife ConSitution, begun by King Hem) the Second, tm Iiyf. who at fird divided Eng,ini into ts Circuits, (not the fame that arc now) and to each Circuit allotted three Judges. Wales alfo is divided into two Circuits, Nonh and Sait Wales, for which are dcligned in like man¬ ner, two Sergeants at Law for each Circuit. Thcl'e Judges give judgment of the P/wrofthc Crown, and all Common Pleas within thofc Counties, dilpatching, ordinarily in two or three days, all Controverts in a County that arc grown to ilfue in the fore-mentioned Courts at Union, between Plaintiffs and Defendants, and that by their Peers, a Jury of Twelve Men, ex vicineto , out of the neighborhood , whereabout the buiinefs lies. So that twice a G year ,22 €be ifterent State | v«ar in Engird and Wales, Juftice maybe fail to be rightly and fpccdily admmiftrcd, even at! ©ur own doors. . Befides the fore mentioned Courts atl Peft- nhjler, Bern) the Eighth erefted. for the mote cafe of the Subjeft, a Court in the Nmb of Ettlui, another for the Countrey of train,. and Counties adjoyning, and intended another; for Cirtmal and Pevmjkire-, and thcie in man-; ncr of thofe Courts called in f rcnce, Pa-: lements, where all Calcs might be decided,both, according to the Laws of Er g U«d,snd accord-; ine to Equity in Choicer) : Of thefe Courts,; that for Cornual was never fully erefted, thofc p*ople defiring rather to come to London for Mice: that of the North was by the late Long Parliament, taken away, and fo wasthat ■of Wdcr, but this laftfincc the Reftaurationof the King is again erefted. Of this Court or ’ Council of the Marches of (Tu/or is a Lord Prefi- dent, at prefcnt ihe Right Honourable Ha) Smerfet, Marquis and Earl of Worcejkt ; di¬ vers Counfcllors, Secretary, Attorney, Soli¬ citor, Surveyor; who have Sallaaics from His : Majcfty. Part2. of ENGLAND. 123 Of the Government of Counties, Sec. H Aving given a brief Account ef the Ci¬ vil Government of all England in Gene- ral, next (hall be deferibed the particular Go- remmert of Counties, Hundreds, Cities, Bur¬ roughs, and Villages. For the Civil Government of all Counties, of the ibe Kingmakcs choice of fame of the Nobility’, Peace, Clergy, Gentry, Lawyers, Men of worth and Parts, who have their ufual Rcfidcnce in the County, h many as His Majcfly pleafeth, to keep the Peace of the County; aud thefe, kyCommilTion under the Great Seal, arecal- kdjuftiecs of the Peace, at firft ftiled Warden* of the Peace, and fuch of them in whom the king doth more particularly confide or refpedt, are called Juftices of the Quorum, from thofe voids in the Commiflion, Quorum A. B. mum tfivolumus, that is, fome bufinefs of more im¬ portance, may not be tranfefted without the prcfcnce or concurrence of one of them. One of the principal Juftices of Peace and Sjetm, is, by the Lord Chancellor, made Cu - JJsi {otalorum, fo railed, bccaufe he hath the cuftody of the Rolls, or Records of the Scffi- ons.and is to bring them to each Quarter-Scflions The Original of Jafticcs of the Peace, isfrom tic firftyear of Edward the Third. Their Office is to call before them, examine and commit to Prifon ail Thieves, Murderers, Wandering Rogtics, thofe that hold Confpira- ®i Conventicles, Riots; and almoft all other Delinquencies that may occafion the breach of Ftaccand Quiet to the Kings Subjcfts; to com- raitali fuch to Prifon, as cither cannot, or by kw arc not to be bailed, that is, cannot be ^Ijc l&eftnt State | fet at liberty by Sureties, Hken for their a S - j France at a place and time certain) and to i fee them brought forth in due time to Tryil Every Quarter or three Months, the Julhecs meet at tteChief or Shirc-Town, where the : Grand Inqueft or Juryofthc County isGunmoB- m aoDcar who upon Oath arc to enquire of all Traitors, Here ticks, Conventiders Thieves, ff * committed to prifon, tobe irycaattne; nci Mlizcs, when the Judges at Wcjtminftcr come thcirCitcuitsaforc-mcntioncd. Por thc execution of Laws in every County ; the Kir.g every MiJLrfmlsTerm nominates for each County a , Sheriff that is, a peeve of the Shire, Prsptifm, or Pr.ffcTuJ Commits, a Governor or Guardian of thcCounty, for the words of the Patent w.Cmni^tibi Cuftoim Mm Mjbi ■ dS The Sheriff’s Office is to execute theJCing’s Mandate’, and all Writs directed^ to ,m on rf the King’s Courts, to empannel Juries,to. IlsSrE-SI cxccutec,, ro_. > , as thty contrail. Part 2. Of ENGLAND. 125 Every year, about the beginning of Nnem- kr, the Judges Itinerant nominate fix fit Men of each County, that is Knights or Efquircs of good Effates; out of thefc the Lord Chan¬ cellor,'Treafurcr, Privy-Counfeilors, and twelve lodges affcmble in the Exchequer-Cbmber, and from, make choice of three, of which the King himfelf after choofeth one to be Sheriff for that year only, though heretofore it was for many years, and fometimes, Hereditary;as jt this day to the Cliffords, who, by defeent, from Hobcrt de rifom, are Sheriffs hereditary of the County of IVejimorknd, by Charter front Furthermore, the Sheriff’s Office is to cdlcft Sheriffs. allpublick Profit, Culloms, Taxes of the Coun¬ ty, all Fines, Diftrefles and Amerciaments, and to bring them into the Kings Exchequer or Trea- fiiryat London, or clfcwhere, as the King fhall appnint. Ti c Sheriff off each County hath a double Function, lirlt Minifferial, to execute all Pro- ceffcsand Frecepcsof the Courts of Law, and to make returns or the fame. Secondly, i-.'- dicial, whereby he hath Auto fcvcral Courts of ciiHinct nat led the Sheriffs Turn, which he tal places of the County, Qtimml Offences againftthe Common-Lm, noc prohibited by any Statute : The other called theCoK«v-Co#M, wherein he hears and deter¬ mines Civil Ci-.f-.s of the County under 40 r. which anciently was a confidcrablc fum ; fo that by the great fall of the Moneys now, the She¬ riffs Authority in that part is much dummthed. He is. Paid to be the Life of Juliicc.oftheLaw, and of the County; for no Suit begins, and no ns cue Picfent State on of the Law but by him. Ladly, he is the chief Confervator oftlie Peace in the whole County. Every County being fubdivided into Hundreds, ( fo called at tirll, either for containing an hun¬ dred Houfes, or an hundred Men bound to find Arms) or Wapentakes, fo called, from touch- ing a Weapon, when they fworc AEeguuce, (as the manner at this day is in Sweden, at (licit Solemn Weddings, for the chief Witnefles to by all their hands upon a Luce or Pity) every fuhe jojJ diately, or mediately,holds Dominium Soli ,and is far'd to hare in him the Royalty, as if lie were a little King, and hath a kind of JurifdiCiion over the Inhabitants of the Village, hath his Cmt-Leet or Court-Baron, to which theyowe Mrand Service, and where maybe tried fmallcr matcershappcningwithinthcMannor, Efchcats upon Felonies, or other accidents, Cullody of MntsandLunaticks, power of palling Edatts, and admitting ofTcnants, Reliefs, Harriots, Hunting, Hawking, Pithing, Efc. Linder the lord is the Conitable, or Hcadborough to Iccp the Peace, to fccurc Offenders, to bring .tlcmbcfore the Jufticc, tfr. Then for the Ecdefiaflical Government of Yillagcs, there is, (as before-hath otoi mcr- <•' • i ,|6 €fje ^cftnt State fioncd) the Parfort, of Vicar, who hatlCum Minima, the cate of Souls, (a the Lord of the Mannor hath, in feme meafure, Cmm C or. toruiti ) for which he hath the Tythes, Glebe, and Church-Offerings, hath under him the Church-wardens and Sides-men, totakecareof the Church, and Church-Affemblies; the Over- feers of the Poor, to take care of the Poor, Sick, Aged, Orphans, and other Objeflt of Charity; And Uftly,. the Clerk to wait upon him atDi- Vil Thusadfflirable and excellent is the Condi- tution of the prefent Govemcnt, a- bovc, or beyond any other Government in Chriilcndom. 0 Tununiios mmiua bmtffui forint Mgtigem - If Englijh Men did know their Biffs, Too great would be their Happincfs.. Part 2. Of ENGL AND. Of the Military-Government of England. Tf was a (mart Motto that the Great Henty the J Fourth of Frtttce, Grandfather to our Graci- ousKing now Reigning, canfed to be engraven on his Great Guns, Rj.no uttim Qtgm: intim>- tine thereby, that when Subjects refute to fub- mit to the Laws of the Land, or Neighbours to the Law of Nations; then Kings have recourte to Force and Arms, to bring them toRca.on. So long as Subj-. fls arc prone to Sedition, and _ Nciphbour-Princes and States to Ambition, there will be a neccffity of a Military Power in every State, both by Land, and likewifc by Sea, where the Countrey is any where border-. ^Of the Military Power of BogUni, .both.by Wand Sea, the King of England hath the tole Stpream Power, Government, Command, ancr Difpofition. And neither One nor Both Houfcs of Parliament have any right toLeavy any For¬ tes, or make any War, Offenfivcor Defcnfivc; ts they have at large Declared in Parliament* Kciidci His Majeflies Gnards of Horfc, being three Troops, or more properly Regiments, Commanded by His Grace, Cbrijlopber Duke of Albr The Honourable Sir ? bilip Rimrd, and' The Right Honourable, Loub, E arl of Feverjham. C&elpjefent State which do conflantDuty in the Tilt yard , and in the Msvtes , whereof a particular Account is given in the Fiill Part of this Book. There!! ofHis Majellies cflablifhed Forces are, Firll, His Own Rc giment of Horfc, conlifling of Eight Troops , under the Command, of The Right Honourable, Aubery Earl of Oxford the Colonel. The Honourable Sir Francis Compton, Major. Captain William Legg, Captain of the King 7 , own Troop. Sir Charles Wyndham, Capt. Edwin Sandys, Capt. Henry Slings by, Capt, Thomas Lttcey, Sir Thomas Slingsby. ThcCe have no certain Place appointed for their Relidcncc, but arc clifpofal near Look i, and remove from Place to Place, according as tky receive Orders. There arc alfo two Regiments of Foot- Guards, the Firfl of which is called the King’s own Regiment, confiding of Four and twenty Companies, Commanded by His Grace, Henry, Duke of Grafton the Colonel. Col. John Strode, the Lieutenant-Co¬ lonel.. Major William Eaton the Major. The HoaowdbkSackyillelnfton, Efy , ' " Cap:- Part2. of ENGLAND. *3-3. Captain of the King’s own Com' pany. The reft of the Captains are, jit [cg:r Manley, Capt. Edmond Hercsty. Capt. loin Berkley, Capt. John Darnel, (apt .TbomK Sir idling, Capt. Snivel Hillings, Cyt, Lionel Copley, Capt .Henry Seville, Capt. Richard BajJ’et, Capt. William Selwyn, Capt. Hugh Sutherland, Capt. Charles Lloyd, Cipt.fohn Pryce, Capt. Aw Tbroekr Cift. Edward gtifiel , motion, Capt, gaiph De.avalle, Capt. Arthur Corbet, Cap:. Join Skelton, Capt. John Seymore, Cap:. George Bowes, Ter.tlar.d, Efy Aki-Major, or AdjUtan. of the Regiment, This Firit Regiment of Foot-Guards decs corllant Duty at White-Hall, and in Scotland- ltd, by two Companies a day. The next is-the COLD-STREAM RE¬ GIMEN T,fo call’d ftom their Quarters, near tic River Tweed , from whence they were, fro ght by the G'-ncral the late Duke of Mi¬ nnie, upon His Majdties happy Rcitauration, d is Commanded by The Right Honourable, mil ism Earl of Craven the Colonel. Col. Edrvard SackidUe (late Gover¬ nor of Icarntr) the Lieutenant Colo¬ nel. Major John Hnitfon the Major, €De Went State The reft of the Captains are, Capt. fohn Miller, Capt. ftnus %endtl, Capt.Robert W)the, Capt. Will.Wakelit, Capt. fhn Street, Capt. Will. Chink], Capt. Ando Markham, Capt. Capt. Tbo. Talmache, Thefe always do Duty in St. James's-Park, and at St. fames’s. Ofthis Regiment fanes Bridgman,Uqiv>Xiit. Major, or Adjutant. Hi* Royal Highncfs the Dukes Regiment is next, coniiftingalfo of Twelve Companies, and Commanded by Sir Charles Littleton the Colonel. Oliver Nicholas, Lieutenant-Colonel, Sir Bottrchier Wrey , Major. The reft of the Captains are, Capt. Richard Bagget, Capt. Edward Nott, Capt. George Littleton, Capt. Francis hoi, Capt. Thomas Cutler, Capt. £Tfh>. Harris, Capt. Davii Le Grojfe, ! Capt. fanes loitn j, Capt. Charles Cburcbil, i Bichari Beauvoir, Efq; Aide-Major, or Adju¬ tant of the Regiment. Afterthefe is his Majeflies HOLLAND REGIME NT, of which. The Right Honourable John , Earl of Mstlgrave is Colonel. The Right Honourable the Earl of Middleton , Lieutenant-Colonel. Sir Thomas Ogle, the Major., The Part 2. Of ENGLAND. The reft of the Captains are .fanes Stirling, Capt. Sir Robert Berry. Capt. Roland Morgan, dpt. Henry Cornwell, Capt. Hat) Soaie, Capt. Philip Kjrke< Capt. Tho. Manwaping, Capt. Edward Fitz-pa- fric(, Capt .Fran, Collingmod. frh» Rpufe, Efq; Aide-Major], or Adjutant of the Regiment. The reft of His Majcftics eflablifhed- Forces, that are in conftant Pay. being Non-Regimcnt- cd Companies; are difpofed of into fcveral Gar- lifons, the Names of whichare as follow, viz. it,mt, whereof his Grace the Duke of If£ivc A STL E is Governor, and the Ho¬ nourable Mpi Widdrington, Deputy-Governor, and Captain of an Independent Company.Tlu:rc itr three Companies always do. Duty m this Gatrifon. Calif,e. The Right Honourable EWA\D lord MORPETH'* Governor, and cap¬ tain of a Company there. Outflow, The Lord Marquifs ° f ' jr£^, Governor and Captain of a Company, Ckfet, Sir G EOF J^ET SHA^ERp 11T, Governor- Dover, and the Chine-Ports, Col .STRODE Governor. Gravifendini Tilbury, The Right Honourable the Earl of T H AN ET, Governor and Cap¬ tain of a Company there. Robert *35 pjefent state Lieutenant-Governor, and Captain-alfo ofa Company. Here arc always four Companies on Duty. Guernsey, CHBJSTOPHEKI.OX& HATTON, Governor and Captain, George Littleton, Efq; Deputy-Governor and Captain; and the Honou¬ rable duties Hatton, Captain alfoof a Compa¬ ny there. Holy-Jjlani , Sir JOHN FENtvIC^, Go¬ vernor. Hull, and the Eloc\-Hou[e, The Right Honou- table jo HN Earl of MV LG l^A EE,Cq. vernor and Captain, and Lionel Copley Lieu. tcnant-Gi vernor and Captain. Seven Compa¬ nies on Duty here. Hurji-Cajlle, Sir JOHN HOLMES, Governor. Jet fey- Jfland , Sir ? 0 H N L A N E I I{E, Governor and Captain; Henry Boaie, Efq; Depu¬ ty-Governor and Captain, and Charles Mamp ring , Captain all'o of a Company there. Landpjard-Fort, Sir XOGE!MAN LEI, Governor and Captain. St.Mavz-Cafte , Sir JOSEPH TIE- HEX HAM, Govcrnciir. There is one Com¬ pany of the neighboring Inhabitants to repair thither by Culiome, whenever there (hall be cccafion of Service. PenJennisCujlle, gJCHAEJ) Lord ABfON- P.EL of Tur.fe Govcrnonr and Captain; and job ArurAel the Deputy-Govcrnour. Plymouth, m . of ENGLAND. ’ mwtk.wdSt. Nicholas / JU»i, the Right Honourable the Earl of BA T H , Governonr . Captain; and Sir ffugb rifer, Dcputy-Go- fernor and Captain. Here are m this Garnfop, in, 11 , Eight Companies. Mfirntb, The Right Honourable the Lord voit 'EL, Governor , anti O.iver hicbolas, iniir, Deputy-Governour. Ocher Captains line, arc Cel. mail, Capt. rhmis Sadi, bfiGeorge Houfton, Cap t.TtoMJJ fywe. apt.I.WW- Mllis. There are always here to do Duty Twelve Companies of Foot» and One Troop of Horfe lathis Garrifon- i.,to Cap, Capt. Fl^EBMAN,.GOr rr«/j ti, Deputy-Governour. StillylfurJ, Sir WILLIAM GODOLVHIN svernour and Captain. hMomgkC*p. Sir THOMAS SLINGS- r, Governor. Tmmiuh-Cfik, Sir mr, Governour, and Henry ,cr ' E b , nv tty-Governor, and Captain of a Company 137 Tomer 138 %l)t parent State | Toner of London, Wherein are always Si*! Companies at conflant Duty, the Right Honon- ; rablc WILLIAM Lord ALLInGton Gm- flable, and Captain of a Company ; The Ho-' nourablc THOMAS CHEESE, Lieutenant of the Toner, and Captain of a Company; and the Honourable, Colonel GEORGE LECG\ Mailer of the Ordnance, and alfo Captain of a Company. Vpner-Caflk, ROBERJ MINORS, Efq; Go. vernourand Captain. Ifle of Wight, Sir ROBERT HOLMES, Go. vernour; Here are four Companies which do Duty at Corns, Stndbm-Tort, Weji-Tomml, and Ctriibmkf. Windfor-Cafik , His Highncfs PRINCE RJO P E RT, Conflablc, and Captain of a Cora- janyj and Captain Charles Potter, Deputy-Go- vernour. There arc two Companies at conflant Duty there, and Eight Companies more during Bis .Maiegiys Rcfidcnce in. the Surr.mc;; :r« alfo ftvecal Troops of Horfe attending there¬ abouts. North Yarmouth, Four Gunners. York, and Clrffords-Tower, J 0 HN Lord E\ETCHZV1LLZ, Governour; and the Right Honourable the,Earl of MVLGRJl'S Captain of a Company there. COfhot-Cifile , Colonel JAMES HALS if Governour. Four Gunners. Hurft-Cajlle, Sir JOHN HOLMES, Gotti* BOUE. to part:. Of ENGLAND. mhw l ’ er,Mi ncar the Borders of Scot- . , - s one Trcop of Dragoons, Commanded Colonel WILLIAM STROTHER In the maintaining this fmall number of lad-forces, His Majcfty is ataconftant great Enence no lcfs, according to the Eltablim-, ner.t then, hocoo/. fer wnufflibcfidcsmany o- Sh-r vaft contineent Charges.The Pay of the t; c :d ar.d Staffe-Ofncers of Foot, perdien, is as rhe Colonel as Colonel -oo n co [kcLicutenant-ColonclasLicu- oo 07 00 tcnant-Colonel Ihe Major as Major - 00 05 00 [he Chaplain, - 00 oS f Hie Adjutant, ——' " 00 J °° Chyrurgeon and lus Mate, ■ 00 08 0 Quartcrmafter and Marmar, Z, 00 0+ co ejetnted byonePerlbn. i The Pay of one of there Companks ofFoot. teds, when in Lo»h«, or attending the King, miitm, isas followcth, viz. aiEnlign,-‘ 00 °f ° 0 ° 6 1 Sergeant- -- "T - lO-rporal and Drummer each 00 01 00 1 private Soldier or Sentinel, 00 .00 lut when they are in any other Garrifon, the' oldier is allowed bnt Eight pence per item. The Firft General-Officer is the CommilTary. knerat of the Muftcrs, The Honourable Ben- \8mri, Brothel to the Earlof a " d ho Clje parent state his chief Deputy-Commiflary in London, is Ds- rid Crawford, Efq;; bcfidcs whom, there at Eight other Dcputy-CommiiIaries,t/;,c. John Rnowjley, ) Francit Bowles, / Charles Bowles, > EfiiUircs. Cornelius Laurence, f EvanWilliams , \ FrtCncit Cartwright for Guenjty- and! ferfey. , Samuel Barrow for Sciky. Thefc have theirdittinft Circuits in theCoii:-j trey, for Muttering the Forces wliich lye in the j fevcral Garrifons. : Nextisthc Paymafler-General of all the Land* ( Forces, is Nicholas fohnjon, Efq; whofe prin-j cipal Clerks are Mr. Roger Hewytt, Surveyor! alfo of the Guards, and Mr. Roger Sizer. The Secretary at War is Matthew Lock, Efqj ’ whore chief Clerk is Mr. John Terror; and Mel- fengerto the Secretary is Mr. Richard Blm{t» Thefc three confiderable Offices arc kept at the Horfc-Guard. „ , The Judge-Advocate is Doftor Samm 1 M- The Scout-Mailer-Gcncral, is Colonel fim ^The Adjutant-General of all the Horfe, i Captain join Staples. The Chyrurgeon-Gcneral 15 "fames Vest- E The Marfhal 0 f the Horfe is Valter W Efq; Betides the aforementioned Forces, there 1 tia. Handing Militia by Land, of all England, few w , of ENGLAND. 141 v;,g to be Governed, Ordered, and En- 5 from time to time, as His Majeily flull Gordie management ofthefcHandingLand- f the King himfelf makes choice of dt- !fof the Principal Peers of this Kingdom, and ?Commi(r.on creates them Lord-Lieutenants B“vtral Countiesof E^d with Pow. „ „ Arm Array, and Form into Companies, and Regiments, to Conduft upon !-'i(ion of Rebellion , or Invafionsj andem- rfhe Men fo armed, within the Count.es Lor i. L pbccs for which the laid Lords arc Com- nme- “■•rnnated or into any other County, as the „ Mtt- “ S nive Order. To give Commiffions Cornmiflionatcd Offi- n 0 ptefent to the King, the Names of n putv-Licutcnant, who have, m the ab- ff epu t } •l D ?f rhe Lord-Liiutcnant, the lame Pow- Lime r far,d there arc to b: of the prime Gentry that no perfon be charged with a Hoi le, hath too /. vcarly Revenue, or 6000 i. 1-rfo' dEliatc. No perfon can be charged w ith r t vlu.cr uolcfs he hath ,ol. yearly Re- Fo J. f’ /'perlbnal F.fiatc. Thofe that 142 tt&e Patent State For furnilhing Ammunition, and other Nc, i cc(Tarie$,thc Lord-Lieutenant, or Deputy-Lieu- ; tenants, may Leavy every year one fourth part; (if they judge it expedient) of eachManspro- portion im the Tax of 70000/. a Month upon i the whole Kingdom: and inthe cafe of mirth- ing againft an Enemy, tluy have power tocaufe every Man fo charged, to allow each Soldier one Months Pay, which the King is after to Re- pay, before they may be charged with another1 Months Pay. Thefe Forces arc always in readinefs, withal! things nccellary, at the beatofDrum, orfound of Trumpet, to Appear, Muller, and be Coin¬ pleat with Men, Horfc and Arms, and arcat cer¬ tain times Trained and Difeiplined, that they become able, skilful, and ufcful Soldiers. Thefe are to be Commanded only within the Kingdom, for the fecurity of the Kingaud Kingdom. Subfervient in the (landing Militia , to the Lord-Lieutenant, and Deputy-Lieutenant,are the Jnflices of Peace of every County, who upon all occafiens, according to the Ordersof tbeir Superiors, are to fend their Warrants to the High Conflablc of the Hundred, or Petty- Conllablc of the Parilli.CJc. Trained. Thefe arc commonly called the Trainbands of Btnd- ' CV£ ry County, whereof the number is fo great, that in only five of the bigger Counties of£^g- land, there are to be found well provided, For¬ ty thoufand able lufiy Men, ready to aflifl the King upon all occafions; fo that in all times of Peace, ^the King hath Six or Sevenfcorc thou¬ fand M-n inrolled, and wholly and folcly at bis difp-ifing, for the defence of his Kingdom of England. For part 2.Of ENGLAND. J43 for the better fecuring of the Kingdom from Betcmi- forcign Invafion, befides the Ships of War, (thereof more anon) there arc upon certain eminent places of all parts of England, Medi- ttrrane, as well as Maritime, high Poles eredt- (j [(hereon arc faflcned Pitch-Barrels, to be {red by night, and a Smoak made by day,there {no give notice in few hours to the whole Kingdom of the approaching Invafions; where- epon the Inhabitants in Arms, make hade to the Sea-toads. Thefe are called Beacons, from tk Sixcn, Beacon, or Beicnian, to (hew by a fp. In all times of danger, fomc arc fet to natch at every Beacon. nt . „ 4 Anciently there were many Cadies in all parts dttghnd, but Inland Cadies generally have either becndcmolifht in latter times, or wit- tinely fuffered to decay, that to Rebels they Eighth: no ftieltcr, to Invaders no day, nor to the Invaded any refuge in flight; and c< 5 n- iequcntlv, that there may not be any ling mg In again in England , which is the gi catcit Mifcry and Calamity that can ever happen to a la 1588. upon expeftation of the spanijh Ar- ndo, lliled Invincible, there went forth from the Queen, Cummillions to Mtidcr in all parts of England ; all Men that were of perfect Scnic t:d Limb, from the age of if to 60, except Noblemen, Clergy-men, llnivcrfity-Stucients, Lawyers, Officers, and fuch as had any pablick Charges, leaving only in e*ery Parilh, (o many Kaibindmen, as were diffident to Till the Ground. In all thofe Mniters there were tren unbred three Million; but of thefe, m tor Wat,about fix hundi-d thoufann. In another Muller of Queen E izabatk, there »cre found in all English for War, oi com- Of ENGL AND, mon Soldiers, about Four hundred thoufand, and of thole Armed and Trained, One hundred eighty five thoufand, befidcs Horfe, near Forty thoufand; and that the Nobility and Gentry were then able to bring into the Field, of their Servants and Followers,Twenty thouland Men, H 0 rl” and Foot, choice Men, and excellent Horfes, and in all, tic for War, and ready up- on all occations, Six hundred forty two thoufand, leaving fufficient to Till the Ground, and to far. nith Trades, befrdes Nobility, Gentry, Cr. Part. 2. Of ENGLAND. Hi A UJI of the Names of the prefent lords, and others His Majefties Lieutenants of the feveral Coun¬ ties and Places within the Kjng- km of England, and Dominion of Wales, put in Alphabetical Order. T)Elfor.{, Robert Earl of Aylesbury, Berks, Prince Ritfert. Irifol, Henry Marquifsof Worcefleri litis, Joh?. Earl of Bridgwater. .] Cidrilgejhire, William Lord Aldington. Ci (oKtycr.} mlIim * Earl of Derby. Citpt-Pms, His Royal Highnefs, JAMES Duke of ro Cw mil, John Earl of Batb. Cmkrlar.d, Charles Earl of Carlijle. Mi, William Earl of Devonjbire. M it, Cbrijhpber Duke of Albemarle. Dtrjet, Jo&nEarl of Brijlol. Mm, Nathaniel Bifhop of Durham. Ilf S Cbriflopher Duke of Albemarle, and ’ l Aubrey, Eld of Oxford, fhietjln, Henry Marquifs of Worcejler. btnfori, Henry Marquifs of Worcejler, bftfpd, John Earl of Bridgwater, hniir.gdon. Robert Earl of Aylesbury. fm, Heneage Earl of Wincbelfei. Orctjkr, william Earl of Derby. H LeicePer, ^Dc latent state Ldcefitr, ?ofc»Earlof l{utland. Lincoln, Egbert ted of Ltndfey. Middlefcx.WilliamBitlof Craven. ffonmJutb, Henry Marquila of M^reeJIfr. Wsrfb.'t.LordVircountTiniwwfc. IJthampton, Henry Earl of Peterborough Northumberland, Henry Duke of Newc a/He, Nottingham, Henry Duke of Hervcajtle. axon, fames Lori Honeys. Vurbeck-l/le, Henry Mirquifs of li orctjler. Rutland, Baptij} Vifcounc Camden, Salop, Branch Vifcount Newport. Somerset, Henry! idofWtncheljea, Southampton, Edvard Lord yoel. Southwark., William Earl of Craven Stafford, Charlestedof Shrewsbury. _ C Henry Earl of Arlington, during the Sttjjok, ^ Minority of the Duke of Grafton. Surrey, Prince Httperu Svffex Charles Earl of Po'fet and Mtddlefex. tower and the Hamlets, Wjilim Lord AEttgtm. Wales and th'- Marches,') Marquifs oflFff- excepting the Counties - c( a ert of Salop MdWorcefter. ) J r (Edward Eatl of Conway, duruigti.e Warwick., <' Minority of the Earl of Mthamp- W'ftmerUnd, Charles Earl of Carlijle. Wilts, Philip Earl of Tembmi. ar.d AlKigtmj, Worcejler; Thomas LoulWindjOre. Tork.lhire Eajbl{i^E-),. , , and To-ft-n of Kjng/lon )fobn Earl o f^tlgta... T lyhf’fWeft-lading, ? Richard, Earl of XW- CityofTort.and Aynjhe.S Itngun. jorkfdre Noetb-1 T i m s, Vifcount EaucoM' Lading. i part 2. of ENGLAND.' Tiic City of London is a Lieutenancy of it fclf, not fubjedt to a Lord-Lieutenant, butex- teuted by the Lord Mayorfor the time being, Aldermen, and other Principal Members of the City; Authorized by a peculiar Comtniflion from Hi s Majcliy. jLifi of the faid prefent Lieute- nmj it as follorveth , thofe mark- id with the Letter Q^being of the Quorum. 0. '"P He Lord Mayor, Sir John Moon, n. j. Sir Thomss Biudworth. ^ Q,Siri VillimTumr. V v . (t Sir George Witermin. Qj Sir Willtim Hooker. ~ Sir toben Vyntr , Knight and Baronet. SirJeiraej Edmrds. QCirl rillim Pritcbfrd, Q; bin Henry Tulfe. (pSirfmes Smith. ^Sitdpkrt Geoffreys. Q; Sir »'ilium fymjlee* Qi Sir J-oibn PeukC’ (i. Sirrtoous Bedford. 'L Sir Join Chipmin. ^Knights; J clurd Horn. F ontibtn Pjymond. J Q. Sir Georgs Geoffreys, one of His Majcflies SeN gcants at Law, and Chief JufliceofCieJFer. ^tOilur/i pich,irJfon, Sergeunt euLtw. Sir Join Cutler, Knight and Baronet. Sir picbsrd Brown, Barontt, til Q: Sir M7 148 Clje I3?efeut State Sir Arthur Ingram. Sir Robert JQtightley. Sir Benjamin Newland. Q. Sir Willium Rujfel. Sit Jotbn Matthews. Sir William Doiffon- Sir Humphrey Nicholjon. Sir Robert Adams. Abraham Star) on. Q. -JoknStevenfon. Q. Thomas Cowden. Q. Edward Beakfr. Adrian S>uyney. Q_ John Wallis. Edmri Bick.mll, John Kicholls. Q. John Jeffreys. Nicholas Charlton. ' Anthony Sturt. Q. Jacob Lacey. William Barker. William Wythers. Henry Loaies. Jtalfb Box. Sir Jonathan Buckjnottb, Kt. Peter Ayleworlh. John short. Nathaniel Hawes, peter Daniel. Thomas Vernon. Richard Mey. Thomas Langham. GeorgePorriano. James Warde. Benjamin Scutt Hugh Strode. William Hedges, William Caqemer. f’Kniglits, i J SEfquiW i 4 9 Part2. Of ENGLAND. U’illim Sutler. Deputy Strong. Tfovuf Griffith. lerquircs. Or anv Seven, or more of them, whereoF Three of the Quorum to b: there. h 3 Of Went State Of the prefcHt ]\ hr it ime Power be¬ longing to tbt Cron'/i of Eng¬ land. T HE Kir.gclom of E»gk»i being a. Pcnirfu- la, almofl furroundedwitntheSca, there will always bcancccffity of Mantime forces; and as next neighbors grow potent at Sea,the King of Englni w ill be neceffitated to aug,ncr.t His Maritime Forces proportionable ■ how gru foeverthe charges thereof may be orcheto quit his antient Right to the Sc.vcrtign.y cf be abufeJ, and their fiafhQuc t interrupted. It is true, that in the a 4th of Ehzikib, upon a general View and Muller, there were found but 13 Ships of War, and 1 3 y Ships of confide- rabic burden, belonging to all the Subjefls of Xtghni. And in the year 1600, Her Majelty had but 36 Ships of War, and 13 or 14 Pie¬ ces; thebiggeft Ship was then of ioco Tun carried 340 Mariners, 130 Soldiers, and but thirty pieces of Ordnance: the Idler Ships ot War were of iooTun, Forty or Fifty Mariners, feven or eight Soldiers, and eight Guns. The Pinaees of Thirty Tun, Eighteen or Twenty Mariners, and Two or Four Guns; foMl was the Royal Fleet in thofe days, when our next Neighbor Nations were weak, and ahvay, engaged with Civil and Forreign Wars; but how, that their flrength at Sea is of late1 lb nrodigioufly incrcafed, it will be moll expeoi' ent for this Kingdom, to be always wcllpro- Part 2; (If ENGLAND. 15 vital. And God be thanked, we have a King that undcrllands better, and takes more delight j Maritime Affairs, and Ships of War, than any of‘his Royal Anccfiors, or any Sovereign pdnee now living in the World; and who hath 5,‘adc it his chief bufinefs that way to fortify ids Kingdom. The Forces of Potentates at Sea, Sont des Marquesde Grandeur d’Ejlat,(akh a French Au- jhor; Whofoever Commands the Sea, Com¬ mands the Trade of the World; he that Com¬ mands the Trade, Commands the Wealth of t ij; World, and confcqucntly the World it [elf. A^in, as he that is Mailer of tire Field, is kid to be Maher of every Town, when it Iliad plcafc him; lo he that is Mailer of the Sea, may, in fomc fort, be faid to be Mailer ot every Countrev, at lcaft of fuch as arc bordering on the Sea;'for he is at libcrtyto begin, and end a War, where, and upon what terms lie plca,- eth, and to extend his Conquelfs, even to the Iffi Crown of England belongs the Do¬ minion of all the Narrow Seas, round about the whole I (land of Great Brittain , by antient Right, whereof it hath had poiTeffion in all times. M, the Aborigine!, or antient Britains, were poddl thereof, (as Mr. Selden makes appear) andin their Right the Romans held it; thentne Saxons having gotten policlhon of England, kept that Dominion, their King Edgar, among!! his Royal Titles, calling himfelf. Sovereign of tie Narrow Seas. Afterwards the Komms policfling Er.glani, claimed, and quietly polTdl the fame Domini¬ on; In Tellimony whereof, the Swedes,Vanes, Hint-Towns, Hollanders, Zealanders, r dc- "’ere CIjc pjcftnt state wont to ask leave to pafsthc Brittift-Seu, and to take Licences to fifh therein: and to this day, do flrike Sail to all the Ships of War, belonging to the King of Enghr,i, as oft as they pafi by any one of them, thereby toexprefs, that they ac¬ knowledge the Sovereignty of the Brittifh Stti, to belong to the King of Esghnd, according to an Ordinance made at Hayings in Sti(fex. by John, King of Er.glind, about Four hundred and iifey years ago. To maintain this Right and Title, to protedi Trade, to fubduePirats, to defend this King¬ dom aeainllhoilile Invafions, and to reduce Fo¬ reign Potentates to Reafon, the Kings of Etg- iir.d have had f cfjiecially of latter times) aeon- ficicrable number of Ships of War, for Strength, for Beauty and Sailing, if not for number) furpafling all thofc of our Neighbor-Nations: For Strength, by reafon of the mod excellent Znglijb Timber, they are like fo many floating Cafllcs and Birbiem ; for Beauty fo propor- tionably and fpacioufly built, and fo curioufly and richly adorned, that they are as fo many Royal Palaces amongd other Ships at Sea; they arcasfo many Lyons amongfl other lily Beads, or as Eagles amongfl other Birds. Hijhries mention a great Fleet of Julius Ct- fir, a Fleet of the afbrc-mentioned King Edgtr, confiding of Three thoufandfix hundred Sail; a Fleet of Lewis, Son to Philip King of France, of Six hundred Sail, that arrived at Smdwich, to aflillthe Englifh Barons againd King Jck; but thofc doubtlefs were but asfo many Cottages to Cadies, in rcfpcfl of the prefent Ships of War. Henry the VIII. in the fifth year of his Reign, built a Ship, then accounted the greated that ever had beenfeen in Er.gknd, and named it, mi Parts. Of ENGLAND. getty Grace de Dm, or the. Great Henry, it nas of 1000 Tun. • In the Eighth year of King fames- was built to the Tcmtoaerr.a Ship of 1200 Tun, and called rhTndes Increafe, which being loft in rhe Eajl- Mlits, King fames caufcd another to be built, of 1400 Tun, which bcinggiven to Princes*, n, was by him named the l’rince. King Charles the Martyr, perceiving the great increafe of Shipping in our Ncigbour-Nations, and that the Sovereignty of thefe Seas was like to be difputed , amongft other great Ships of War, buil one greater than any Ship of War, either in England, or in any Countrey of Europe, sndnamed it The I[oyal Sovereign-, which, fur a little diverfion, Ilia'll here be more particularly ieferibed. The Hoyal Sovereign being a Ship of the hrit Rate or Rank, built in the year One thoufand Js hundred thirty and feven, is in length by the Keel, One hundred twenty feven Foot, in breadth by the Beam, Forty feven Foot, in depth. Forty nine Foot, herdraught of Water, Tncntyonc Foot.ofBurden.inall, Twothou- Wfevcnty and two Tuns, and i4ji Tuns, bc- frles Guns, Tackle, tfc. This mighty moving Calttc hath fix Anchors, whereof the biggeit weighs (0001. and the leafl 4300 /. Ichath 14 Cables, whereof the greateft is 21 Inches in compats, and weighs 9 oco l. her leafl Cable bc- ingeight Inches in compafs,weighing near 1300 1. To the Soya! Sovereign belong eighteen Malts Hi Yards, whereof the greateft, called the 'JmMijl, is One hundred and thirteen Foot bug, and thirty eight Inches Diameter: her itm-Tiri, 105 Foot long, and 23 Inches Dia¬ meter: and her Main-Top, Fifteen lout Dia- oit;r; She l ath Ten lcvcral fer.s of Sails, of feyera! *53 W$Wfent;@tate ^ feveral Names, (as every Ship> of every one of the fixth Rate hath) whereof her greateft Sail, called her Mm-Courfr, (together with her Bonnet) containsOnethoufand.fixhundredand forty yards of Canvas, ip/wei double, and the lead Sail, called fore-Top-GilUxtSal, contains ©ne hundred and thirty yards of Canvas. The charge of onecomplcat Suit of Sails for the* wkL is 4 o 4 /. Sterling-Money. The weight cf the Sea-florc, in point of Ground Tackle, and other Cordage, is Sixty Tuns, eight hun¬ dred and odd pounds. She carries a Long Boat of Tiacc of Thirty fix Foot, and a Skiff of Twrt/ ft «SShcrKi, 5 i« e .Tte-.l«. *’ sS'nth three Tire of Guns. >11 ofloi, wherof there arc Forty four in her upper Tire, Thirty four in her Second Tirc >’ Ild T "' nt | two in her lower Tire; in all, One hundred 6 Shi carries in all, of Officers, Soldiers, ar,d Mariners, Eight hundred and fifty Men. Finally, her whole Charges forages _V aun!', Ammunition, Wear andi Tear,ir cve rv Month at Sea, cofis the King 3f o0 ‘- b . “. .ling, as hath been computed by a very skilfu ? The" Charges of 1 'Ming a Shif> of tta g Rate, together with Guns, Tackle, a s propoxtionably. Part 2.. Of ENGLAND. litre foilowetb a Lift of the greateftpart of the Ships of War, whereof His Maje- flies Navy doth tit prefent confjl: toge¬ ther with the Rates, Tuns, Men and Guns, of moji of them according to the ufud ejlimate ] hefides feveral o- ther now Building fome of which are rea¬ dy to be Lambed. Wherein are included the Thirty New Ships Built by AVt of Parliament. Ships. Firlt Rates. Tuns. Men. Guns Clark;. tSilfsmes. St. /r.irero. Chrlei. Union. St.Miihid. SKireign. At Chatham, One Nev 1448 8jo 100 1441 780 100 1298 7 SO 096 I22J 750 $6 JJU 75 ° 9 ° 1589 S50 90 1404 800 loo 1491 850 iOO 1441 780 IOO Second Rates. Ships. St. Georgs. Henry. \ijil Citbtrks ffmbow. Tr)umfh. rifory. Vr.korne. french Pair. iWfor-Cujlle. ne-.v new Tuns. Men. Guns, 937 460 070 1020 no 0>i 1050 540 0S4 817 410 64 899 4*° 7 ° 20 2 9 53° 81 845 4>o 64 S C3 520 So 1300 660 90 1300 660 90 Sandwich * 5 $ €fje Parent State Ships. Tuns. Men. Guns, Sandwich, New. 1300 66 0 90 JDutcbefs, New. l^OO 660 90 Albemarle, New. I3OO. 660 90 ^One it Deptford, 13PO (60 90 Not yet vOne at Woolwich. 1300 660 yO finiihed. £Oncat Portfmoutb. 1300 t>co 90 ■^Onc at Portfmoutb. J300- 660 so Third Rates. Ships. Tuns. Men. Guns, 'Ante, New. IOOO 45o p Berwick., New. 1000 460 70 Breda, New. 1000 460 70 Surfori, New. 1000 460 70 Cambridge , 941 420 70 Captain, New, 460 70 ’Defiance, Dreadnought, 7JS 360 61 Dunkirk, 704 340 60 Expedition, New. 1000 460 70 Eagle, New. Elizabeth, New. Exeter, New. 4So 7c Edgar, 998 445 71 Eflix, New. 1000 4^0 70 Gloucefler, 7 s S 340 So Grafton, New. 460 70 Hampton Court, New. 768 340 58 Harwich, 987 Henrietta, New. . 7«3 UP 6i Hope, New. 4S0 p Kjr.t, New. Icoo 4 So 70 Lenox, New; 1000 728 340 58 Month., (91 frtiT.mWt Part 2. flf ENGLAND. i$7 Tuns.Mcn.Guns. Mitmth S8o 400 66 Mtimtgue , 807 360 6 0 Mai, 791 3 6 1 *4 . Xmhumberk»i, New. 1000 4 60 70 Cli firms, 1000 460 70 lainnis, New. 1000 460 70 tljimtb, {mint ion , 75 1 540 60 88y 410 70 { iihrim , iooo 460 70 { rxr . ge , 763- 360 62 { sjilOA , New. 1107 478 74 tot, 813 400 6? Stitling-Ciflle, New, 1000 460 70 Itfok , New. Sniflfure, 1000 460 70 97S 4:0 70 842 420 70 M , 737 340 60 Fourth Rate. Ships, Tuns. Men, Guns. M-jinm, 431 J?0 44 M-jice, 545 ijo 4 8 Mtye , 376' 230 4S Mihvce, 77 S' 2 3 ° 4 8 Write ;, tniivcmre , jlo 230 48 hip!, 547 2 3 ° 48 Ctjrfej Gaily, New. 327 220 31 Carnots, 531 230 48 Own, 530 230 48 Gwihttuy/irwickj 374 i 80 44 ft. Di-jii, 646 280 54 Sitrmi, 5 45 230 48 Slier, 444 2 3 ° 4 8 DfiBOf } 480 22y 46 hulcon 368 t8y 42 5 40 23° 48 Gitinmb , i 5 8 € 5 e parent ©tate Tuns, Men. Guns! Greenwich. 66 o 280 <6 ffmtJkire. - 47 8 220 45 Happy Return. 611 289 54 fferfey. ' j6o 230 48 James Galley, new 434 200 30 leopard. 678 2 85 54 Mary-Rofe. 556 23a 4S Newcajlle. 616 280 ; 4 Nonfuch- 347 180 41 Portfmoutb. 4<>8 220 4 S Portland. 588 Prir.cefs. £20 280 34 Pbeenix. New. 388 180 42 Referee. 738 230 48 J{uby. 533 230 48 Swallow- 230 48 Sweep-Jhk.es, 377 1 So 41 Stavereene. 548 230 4 S Tyger. 457 IJO 44 Tarmoutb. £28 Oxford. Golden Horfe Prize, Tyger Prize. 677 280 J4 Fifth Rates, Ships. Tuns. Men. Guts. Date-Tree Prize. o.6p 130 28 Dartmouth, 16s 235 3 ’- Garland, 257 130 30 Guernjey .. 257 J 3 ° 3 o Mermaid. 1 35 3 ! Norwich. 256 130 30 Orange-Tree Prize. 2 Pearl. Airtmnd. .223 I2J 2$ Sum Of ENGL AND. 159 Ships. Jirw. Urf> re - & # P«». Tuns. Men. Guns. 30,- 137 3 l 347 i3S i 1 J 3+ 1: S 20 Firelhips, being Fifth Rates, Ships. ftt id Cbrijhpher. c#- W- mu- jsbudAkxmder. f ate. Sad’. Sairfon- Sfir.ijb UercbM. tarn id C.ubejine, ll’i vwfcot. bcutgSfriSS- Cilntji. lufm. Sixth Rates, Tuns. Men. Guns. Retches, Jrfo » Went state Deptford. J^utkyr. Gloucefler Htilkj Yachts. Jitm Bezin. Chirks. Chariot. Clevelini. Deil. Jcmj. Ijleof Wight, Jfjtcbiv. Ketches. Tuns. Men. Guns. 79 jo- io 79 jo io Yachts. Kjthirine, Mtry. Merlin. Monmouth. Navy. Ponfmutk dZuinborougb. Richmond. SpK- Sloops. Men, Guns, BorMi. Ckitbim. Doubk-Chlthm, Dove. Experiment Ernjmorib. prevention. Wolvskh. Whipjler Brigantine- Bcfidcs fevtral other VcITcIs for Tenders, Vi" daalersjtf c. and many more laid by,as fcarcefit for fervice.and intended to be broken up, or o- thcrwil'edifpofed of, 4 i 62 CDcl&efent State Norwich Affifiance •Antelope Monmouth Yacht Richmond Yacht Soudades Eagle Fireihip Spragg Fireflsip Dragon T.ger Prize Golden Horfe Golden Rofc. nojCapl.Heywood 200 Sir Rob.Robinfon (. 2 °°|Capt. Story [ 20Capt. Cotton. ,i 15 Capt, Arthur ( 45 Capr. Trevanyon Downs, I Capt.Ha mblcton iGoingout, Capt. Ailmorc. 1 P3rt ,. of ENGLAND. i6f “this great Office of High Admiral of England ..I prcfcnt executed by Lords Commiffioners. Ji'fitat Derby Hw[e in Weflmtnfier. The Mimes Of the Did Lords 'Commiffioners, K S& Office of Lord High Admiral ot ErjJiaii are mlli-m Vitcount Irounhsr. Vmsl Lord Finch. Sir Thomas Metres. Sir Humphrey Winch. FJtvard Hnles^ Eftjj Sir John Chichley. The Honourable Henry Sw“i L lc l? The Lord High Admiral hath under him many £eri Officers of high and low condition, fome at b.a, ders at Land; fome of a Military, fomc ot a Admiral. livil Capacity; fome Judicial, hiil- lo that the Dominion and JurifdiCtion :f the Sea, may juftly be Oiled another Corr- "wealth, oiiyjngdcm apart, In Martfunt diliinSa idque Jure Gentium ficut tn ar- 'iU terra, faith Saldut, that Learned Oracle of :c Civil Lam: and the Lord High Admiral or h 5 Ui may fitly b: (tiled, or at lead reputed, sa Viceroy of the Maritime Kingdom of fcn„ The VICE ADMIRAL of England is hia liighncfs Prince Rupert, who is lo during^ ms Life, by Patent under the Great Seal, and it Lieutenant of the Admiralty of Etglaud: and alfo Lieutenant of the Navies and Seas of His Majeliics Laid Kingdom of England, with the Wages and Fee of ios. per Hem-, and Wages and Allowance for Sixteen Men, at the rate of Ten lliillings a Month apiece, accounting Twen¬ ty eight days to the Month. There has been formerly a Vice- Admiral of the EngliJhSeas, butfincc the death ofSirJA Mims, who executed that Office; there has been no other app. inted therein. The Lord High Minimi of England, doth, by virtue ofhisPlacc, appoint in divers-parts of the Kinedom, his fevcral rice-Admirals, with their Judges and Marlhals by Patent, under the Great Seal ofthe High Court of Admiralty .Thefe rice-Admirals and Judges doexcrcifc Jurifdidii- on in Maritime Affairs, within their leveral li¬ mits; and in cafe anyperfonisaggrievedbyany Sentence or Interlocutory Decree, that hath the force of a Definitive Sentence, he may ap¬ peal to the High Court of Admiralty. of ENGLAND. (he prefent VICE-ADMIRALS of the feveralCoafts of England, tre. thefe that follow. 7he faid Coifs being put in Alphabetical Order. Pilhl, SirT bom Bridges, Vice-Admiral, fbefore and Uncijhire, the Earl of Dirty, Vicc-Adm ral. Sir Tim tty Baldwin, Kt. Doftor df Lws, Judge. Ciimh the South parts. Sir Jonithtn Trehw- Vice-Admiral. . , 'Jcnil, the North parts, Sir Job* MoleiMte, Vice-Admiral. Mr. Same* Judge. CMai, The Earl of Cffe, Bubai, The Earl of Carhfle.V icc-Admiral- d :VS fire, Sir Edmri Jgmmr,Baronet, Vice- Admiral. Dr. Mips Judge. B'tkfhire. Lord Albley, Vice-Admiral. E'h Sir John Brmflo », Vice-Admiral. Sir Mmiifori Brwjlo*, Judge. Glmctfler, Thomx Cfe^a»,Efq; Vice-Admiral 'Or.t, The Earl of Whcbelfa V icc-Ac mira . Lmln'mrc, Lord Cifilem, Vice-Admiral. Vwih The Earl of Urlifle, Vice-Admiral. y rr ;-f Thr Tnrd VifcOUIlt YtffflOUth, \ ICC- 166 C&e 13?efcnt State tfoributnbttUnii The Earl of Clrlijle, Vice-Ad- mini'- , ,, , Sontrferfiire, Sir Thorns Bridges V icc-Admiral, Suffix, Sir if obn MtamVicc-Admiral. Sir Edmrd Lone Judge. Suffolk., Thonus Min, Efq; Vice-Admiral. Dr. Eilconkrg, Judge. Southinspion and IJIeof Wight, Sir Egbert Hokes Vice-Admiral. Dr. Llo)d Judge. Wiles, North part, Robert Vifcount Buckle) V ice- wiles South part, Sir Edmrd Min'd Baronet Vice-Admiral. Mr.t nUerMirffd Judge.; Wtfimorlind, The Earl of Or.V/leVicc-Adniiral. Tork, John Earl of Mulen-je Vice-Admiral. Mr. Her.r) SVKkinfon Judge, For part 2.Of ENGLAND. mfafting of Maritime Affairs, the Lord «7,i/hath Courts of his own, whereof London is the Principal or Supream, ] Proceft and Proceedings runs in his nd not in the Kings, as it doth in all Utv Courts. In this Court ufually : Court of Admiralty, he hath a Licu- callcd judge of the Admiralty, who is ,y fome Learned Dodtor of the Civil 1 is at prefent Sir Leoline Jenkins, Kt, mtfor his ForrcignNegotiations, and is of His Majeflics Principal Secretaries ’roceeding in this Court, in all Civil is according to the Civil Lam, bccaufe is w ithout the '.limits of the Common- • under the Admirals Jurifdiilhn, there Civil-Lam only (all Common Law fedu made ufc of, and by Libel they pro the Adtion, the Plaintiff giving cauti- ofecutc the Suit,and to pay what Inal ■d a°ainft him, if he fail m the Suit: ndent on the contrary, Pairing the ' bv fufficient Surety or Caution, as th< wll'think meet, that lie will appear u n , , nt i nav that which ihall beadjudget Of ENGLAND, Power at Sea, grew fo expert in the Regulation of all Maritime Mattersand Differences,and their Determinations therein were eftcemed fo juft and equitable, that their Laws in fucli affairs, have ever Cnee been obl'crved for OracksTnak Laws were long ago Incorporated into the Vo¬ lumes of the Civil Law: And the Eomm, who gave Laws to other Nations, and excelled all Nations in making of good Laws, yet for their Sea-affairs, referred all Debates and Coiitro- vcrficstothe Judgment ofthefe Rhodianhws, \ Oleren is anlfland anticntly belonging to the Crown of England, Rated in the Bay of A^t- tans, not far from the Mouth of the Gamut, where our famous Warrior, King Richard the Firft,caufcd to be compiled fuch excellent Lavs for Sea-Matters, that in the Ocean-Sea Welt- ward, they had almoft as much repute as the ■ Rhodian Lam in the Mediterranean-, andthefe Laws were called, La Root d'oleron, King Edward the Third, (who firft credfed this Court of Admiralty, asfomehold) made at J^uinborougk, 137s. very excellent Conftitu- tions, concerning Maritime Affairs, and many Statutes and Ordinances have been made by other Princes and People , as at Rome, Lift, Genoita, Marfeilies, Barcelona, and Meffina, yet that fragment of the Rhodian Law, Hill extant, with the Comments thereon, by the old ffnri/- cor,Jolts inferted in the PandeJs , and the Con- ftitunons made by the Roman Emperors, con¬ tained in the Code, and in the Novelles, hill holds the Pre-eminence.. The Cuftoms and former Decrees of the Englifh Court of Admiralty, arc there of force, for dvei ring of Controvcrfics. Under this Court 169 Part. 2. Of ENGLAND. there is alfo a Court of Equity, for determining differences between Merchants. I11 Criminal Affairs,which is commonly about piracy, the Proceeding in this Court was by Actuation and Information , according to the Civil Ln», by a Mans own Confeflion, or Eyc- witncllcs, found guilty, before he could be con¬ demned ; But that being found inconvenient, th-rc were two Statutes made by Herrs the Eighth, That Criminal Affairs fliould be tryed hv Witnefles, and a Jury, and this by fpccial Comniiifion of the King, to the lord Admiral ; -,,herc in fome of the Judges of the Realm, arc ever Commiffioners, and the Tryal according 10 the Laws of England directed by thofe Sta- Berween thzCommon-lawof England, and the Mniralt) , there feems to be Divifum Impe» rim; for in the Sea, fo far as the Low-wa- ter-Msrk isobferved, that is counted, Ai/MCVr- ’ r :Cmiims adjictntis , and Caufes thence ari¬ l’s, are determinable by the Common-law, y:t when the Sea is full, the Admiral hath brif.liftion there alfo, (fo long as the Sea jnvsl over Matters done between the Low-wa- ter-Mark, and- the Land, as appears in Sir AVrrj CsrjW.es Cafe, s %tore. Coke, p. 107. For Regulating and Ordering His majcfics Navies, Ships of War, and Forces by Sea, fee role excellent Articles and Orders, in.Vns/, IjC.T. Os.g. l&eCent State of the NAVY-OFFICE where the J whole Bufmefs concerning the IQnns NAVY-ROYAL ts ru. naged. T He management of the u " dct the Lori HIHG ADMIRAL of Eegltri, j s cntruflcd with the Principal Othccrs, and Commilfioncrs of the Navy. Tie Principal Oncers are Four. The Firlt is the Lord Vifcount Fitytii, ^ T Trcalurer of the Ktvy, whole Office ls to fr ceivc out of the Exchequer, by VV arrant from the Lord Trcafurer of Erghini, or Lords Com- miffioners executing that Place ; and to pay all 3Tb • him i bit b.lb ,» lowance certain from His M »^ ,n . h “ th “J; of, viz. 1000 l. pirumm, and8ool.jer«n more for his Inftrunicnts. (Temp- The Second is, the Comptroller of the^h Sir Ward todMj whore. Office isto ttc to Shipping; to Examine and Audit all TrcaTu- reis.Viflnalers, and Store-keepers Accor t , l, r his Salary is tool, yearly. Tothis Officer The part'2. of ENGLAND. i 7T The Third is, the Surveyor of the Navy, Survivor Sir JobnTippets, Kt. whofc Office is generally to know the Hate of all Stores, and fee the writs fupplycd.to Survey the Hulls, Mails, and Yards, andcflhnatc the value of Repairs; By Indenture, to charge all Boatfwains, and Car¬ penters of His Majcfties Yavj, with what Stores they receive, and at the end of each Voyage, to State and Audit their Accompts, his Salary is ipl. pi'r annum. The Fourth is. Clerk of the Ails, Jam's ckr\ of Efq; whole Office is to Record all Or- tbcAfts. c;ts.Contrails, Bills,Warrants, and other Bu- inciTcs transited by the Principal Officers, and Commidioncrs of the Ntiq, at the Salary of jeo I, per annum. Tht Cmmiffmers of tie Navy are Four. Firll is, Sir Join Yarborough, who executes that part of the Comptroller of the Yavj’s Duty, which relates to the Comptroliing of the Vifiuallcrs Accounts; Salary yoo/. per an». Second is. Sir Pbineas Tctt, who executes an¬ other part of the laid Comptrollers Duty,rela¬ ting to the Comptroll of the Accounts of the Store-keepers of the fevcral Yards; his yearly Salary is pool. „ Third is, Sir Bichari Beech, who refides at hnfamb, and has the care of managing ofHis "ijcllics Yiv] at that Port; his Salary 500/. Fourth, is Sir John Goitoin, who refides at Chifom, and has the fame charge of Affairs «the Kings Yard therehis Salary pool, per I The cue ^cfeitt -State 7 " The afoicfaid Principal .and Com- 7 i?'f 0 he r Grcat Seal of Er.ghrd: And fincc the SKSERMfaMRfc vcral Clerks under each of them, w.th.Sail Scb'So^th^ managements. r?«B*2SKS* jirtW/i, Cktkm-, and Fort[moutb, .where His 5^art»ra^H Allies Ships; and therein arc Lodged great quantities of Timber, Malts, Planks, Anchors vail quantities of Cables,Rigging, ^>1 ,N°ck, am! all other forts of Stores, needful for Hi, Map files Kut^P 1 In tlicfe Yards are employed divers Officer! the Principal whereof, with their yearly bafr rics arc as follow; At Cbatbjm. Salar Clerk of the Check, Edward C-ngcrp Srorc-keeper, Baldwin Duff a- Maflcr-Attendant, Bjtkird Wittier. His A (Mart, Simon Dmhg. Mailer Shipwright, l{ob:ri La. , “ 35 l " omc conjcfltirc, from Llngdin the Britijb word, fignifying in the Saxon Tongue Shifton, or Town of Ships, was built, Part 2- Of ENGLAND. m built, as fome write, 1108 years before the Jhtqui- Birth of our Saviour, that is now ijjy years tj. ago, in the time of Smuel the Prophet, and about 3 jo years before the Building of Rome. In the mod excellent ftuation of LONDON, situi;:- the profound- wifdoni of Our An.ceftors, is very 0 ‘r,, tonfpicuous and admirable, It is fcated in a plealant ever-green Valley, upon a gentle riling Bank, in an excellent Air, in a wholfomc Soil mist with Gravel and Sand, upon the famous Navigable River Thames, at a place where it is call into a Crr/reut, that loeach part of the Ci¬ ty might enjoy the benefit of the River, and yet not be far difiant one from the other, about Sny Miles frdm the Sea: not fo near, that it might be in danger of furprifal by the Fleets ■ of Forrcign Enemies, or be annoyed by the boy • fcrous Wipds^ndunwholfome Vapours of the Sea; yet not fo far, but that, by the help of ir.c Tide, every Twelve boprs, Ships of great Burden may be.brought into her very Bofotp r tor yet fo farvbut thaf it pay enjoy the milder, warmer Vapours of the Eajlern, Southern, apd n'tjhnSeaii yet fo far up in the Countrcy, as ilciightalfocaliiy partake even ofall the Coun¬ try Commodities: in an excellent Air, upon the A'orrBlidc of the River, (for the Villages feared on the South fidearc noted to be un¬ healthy, in regard of the Vapours drawn upon them by the Sun) burroughed by gentle Hills, from the JVcrnband South 'Winds: it- lie, in 51 Degree, 30 Minutes Latitude, The High-ways leading from all parts to this Noble City, are large, (Iraight, fmooth and fair ; no Mountains nor Rocks, no Marifhes tor Lakes, to hinder.Carriagc! and PalTcngcn: 178 Migni- Cije^jefiemg^ttc fo that as Corn may eafily bc brought and Cattle commodioufly driven unto it by Land; fo thofc heavy, though ncccffary Commodi¬ ties Hav and Fuel, are more cheaply conveyed by Water. In a word, alltheBleflingsofLand and Sea near about, andbytbebenefeofSh.p. • ncr all the Blcffines of the Tsrrcluial Globe £ W.Sl.= S rc <««), wa. ty of the World. The City of LOXDOtf, with its Suburbs-and Places adpeent, is of a valt extef n- from Lime-boufe, racafured to the end ofToihl, or Sc flr'e «, from E*(l to Mft, « aboTe » 7 ?2 Geometrical Paces, that is, above feven Englifi. Miles and a half; and from the farther end of IhctmnQrect in Souilmrk., to the end of*. ZnJLdnch, is syoo Paces, or twoM.lcs and an halfe. In this great City, the Streets, Lanes and Alievs as they arc called, are in number abov yoojand yet font: of them above halfeamca- furedamile in length, Dwclling-Ho , the late dreadful Fire^crccamputedonlyvith in the Walls, above Fifteen thoufand, and tn t was accounted but a Fifth part of the who c C - ty, as may be judged by the weekly BiHsofMor tality. The Buildings, cfpecially oflate y«n.w« generally very fair and (lately, but within t HiUki. City, the fpacious Houfcsof Noblemen, rich * Merchants, the Halls of Companies thc &>» Taverns arc hidden to Strangers, by tea on that they are generally budt backward, tha ^ that they are generally bunt oacicwaru, the whole room toward the Street mig icfetvcd for Tradcfmcns Shops. If they o g been all tude towards the Street, as m. otli Part 2. of ENGLAND; , 7 particular,much furpafsZ<»ii«*-' Yet, ifaStran. sec toll view the fevcral Magnificent Piazza’s or C/mnr/'c ac rhat nf Lir.ca',ns-hn-fields, Covent Squares, as that of Lincolns-Inn-Fields, Cevent - Gtiien, St. frmes’s Squire, Leicester Fields, Smbsmpton-Squirc , and that excellent new Strufturc,called the Icing's Squire MirSt.GileJ’s ji tie Fields. The fevcral ftraightand fpacions (Irects, as Ckipfde, Cornvul, Lmbird-flreet, lltciftreet, Htuon-Girden , Great gueetiftreet,. the Fill'Mil, and divers others. The many- curious and uniform Tiles of late Buildings and Streets, as thofe near dr. fimen, Bloowlurj, M Fffex, Arundel, and mrcejier-Houft- Buildings. Alfo the Beautiful Churches, State- 1, palaces of Noblemen; the Inns of Court, - Exchanges, Publick Halls, Theaters, Market- places, the new Bedhm in Moupelds, with ma- I admirable Buildings elfewhere as well in Lion asinWWhi«J»erand He mud confers that for fair Piazza's, (lately uniform Buildings, (Iraightand fpacious Streets, there is sot the Parallel in Europe. That the Reader may the better guefs at the amber of Inhabitants, or humancSouls with¬ in this great City, he mud know, that in one year there were computed to be eaten in Lon* of lnk> k, when it was lefs by one Fourth part,«75oo Hunts. Beefs, ten times as many Sheep, betides abun- iance of Calves, Lambs, Swine , all forts of PoulBfey, Fowl, Filh, Roots, Milk.tfe. Alfo that cumnihit dnnis to fupply f^enmeh Km Me Coa 1 , there is. brought into the River of Tkmes, two hundred and Eighty thoufand. Chaldron, and every Chaldron is Thirty hx Again, the number of Inhabitants may be aefledtt by the Burials and Births in London 'Inch in ordinary years, when there « i8o cije^tfcnt State flikncc, amount of late to 20000 in a year, and laft year, viz. i6S'. which was not accounted a fkkly year, there dyed, accord¬ ing to the General Bill of Mortality, 23971. three times more than in Jmfterdm, and bur one Twentieth part left than in Paris, as may be feen by the Bills of thefe three Cities, As alfoby the quantity of Beer drank mio»- don ins year, which to all Foreigners will be incredible; for in the year 1667, when the greateft part of the Buildings within the Walls, and fomc without lay in Allies, and very many of the Inhabitants forced to retire into the Conntrcy for Habitation, according to craft computation, there were Brewed within that year in London, Four hundred fifty two thou- fand five hundred fixty three Barrels of Strong Beer, fold at 12 s. 6d. the Barrel, and Five hundred and eighty thoufand and four hundred twenty one Barrels of Ale, fold at 1 6 s. the Barrel, and Four hundred eighty nine thoufand feven hundred ninety feven Barrels of Table Beer, or Small Beer, fold at 6 s. 6d. the Bar¬ rel. The Beer Strong and Small, is 3«Gallons to the Barrel, and the Ale 32 Gallons to the Barrel; and now fince the Peflilcnce and the Fite, that this City is again fully peopled, there is much more Liquor Brewed. It is true, that fome hereof is trar.fpartcd beyond the Sea, butthatisfcarccconfidcrablc. Bcfidcs all this Beer and Ale, there is con- fumed mLondon a vaft quantity of French and Spanifh Wines, much Rhenifh Wine, Sidcr, Mum, Coffee, Chocolate, Brandy, ar.d other Drinks. The Eicifc only cf Beer and Ale for the City of London (though it be a very moderate Im> portion) is Farmed or Rented of the King at above Part 2. Of E N G L A N D. iSr above One hundred and twenty thoufar.d pounds a year, and abont one fourth part of all that Excifc throughout all Erghr.d. Parifli Churches , bcfxlcs Chappels, there ckurci- ivere in all One hundred and thirty, that is e;> double the number of Churches Parochial to be found in any City of Chrillendom, the Mo¬ ther Church-whereof is dedicated to the me¬ mory of Jr. Etui, (the only Cathedral of that Name in Europe) and founded by Segbert a Sim King, about the year 6 io. in a place where had flood a Temple dedicated to Dum, and afterward enlarged by Erdenreild , the Fourth Saxon Bilhop thereof; and that old Fa- brick being a’.mofl deftroyed by Fire, MturU'w, another Bilhop of London, in One thoufand eighty three, began and finilhed a great part of the prefent magnificent Pile, in the fpace of Twenty years, but the Quire and Tower were not finilhed till mi , and then it was dedicated in a mod folcmn manner (as was the Temple of Solomon ) the King, the Bilhops, and a vail number from all parts of the Nation affitting thereat. It is fcated on the higheft part of all the City, and was more confpicuous perhaps than any Cathedral Church in the World; it was a Structure for Length, Hcigth, and Antiquity, furpaffing all other-Churches; the length of it was 690 Foot, (thereinexcelling by Twenty Foot st.peten'm Lome, which for Beauty, Pro¬ portion, and divers other things, excels all other Temples ) it was in hcigth ioa Foot, and in breadth 130, and flood upon (o much ground as contained above three Acres and a half. The Church was built as other Cathe¬ drals, in a perfect Crols, and in the midfl Clje parent State of the Crofs, upon mighty high Arches, was a Tower of Stone 160 Foot high, and cn that a Spire of Timber, covered with Lead, in heigth 260 Foot more, in all from the Ground 5:0 Foot above which wasaBolc of Copper, Gilt, ofninc Foot in compafs,whereon Hood theCrofs, 1 < Foot and a half high, and almoft s Foot acrofs, made of Oak, covered with Lead, and another Cover of Copper over the Lead, above all flood the Eagle, or Cock of Copper Gilt, four Foot long, and the breadth over the Wings three Foot and an halfe. three Foot ana an nauc. In the year 1561, a part of this magnificent Pile was much walled, and the reft endanger¬ ed, bva Fire begun in that (lately Timber- Spire, by the negligence of a Plummer, who left his Pan of Fife there whilfl he went to Dinner, as he confeft oflatter years onhis death¬ bed : But by the great Bounty and Piety of Queen Elizabeth, of the Citizens of London, and of all the Clergy of the Province of Can- t-tburj, it was again repaired in the (pace of five years. After which the Scone-woik de¬ caying apace, byreafon cf the corroding qua¬ lity of the abundance of Sea-coal fmoak; the Learned and pious Martyr Doftcr Laud, co¬ ming to be Bilhopof London, and after or Cin¬ ter bury, was fo zealous and vigorous for up¬ holding this mod antient Church, (lately Mo¬ nument of England, and Glory of the City of London, that by the Kings Favour, and liberal Contribution of Godly People, f maugre all op- polition of the Puritans ) the Work was lo ea¬ gerly purfued, that before the year 1640. the . whole Body was finilhed with Portland Stone, excellent again!* all Smoak anti Weather, and. the Tomer Scaffolded up to the top, with pur- pafc to take it all down, and to rebuild it more 1 fair, (air, and of a greater height: with a ftately pinnace at each corner, bccaufe the Arches were not thought ftrong enough 10 fupport an¬ other Steeple; and to place in that Towir, th* biegelt and mod tuneable Bells in the World; for performance whereof, and for adorning the Church, there was in the Chamber of lotion, above One hundred and feventy thou- find pounds, all taken out foon after, and em¬ ployed in an Unnatural War, by a M-necked People, again!! the bed of Kings, in which fin- dead!, a great'part of the Citizens of Lon- L and of the Long Parliament, became deep¬ ly guilty of a horrid Rebellion, and dctcftablc Sacriledge. After the Mr* ther, or rather Martyrdom of the fore-mentioned Archbifhap, theScaffolds were taken away and Sold, w.th fomc of the Lead which covered this famous Strufturc, ad thisHoure of God made a Stable for• Har- fabv the difloyal Army, and almolt all mf- ftred to decay , till the Rcfihuration of the King; who having a Pious intent, to let upon the Repair thereof again, it was all ruined by the late dreadful Conflagration in if 65 . Which vethath not fo difeouraged our Gracious So-- vereign, but that in the year i(p, having al¬ ready with vail charges, pulled down the huge burnt Walls, removed the Rubbifli, and clrar ed the Foundations; His Majefly hke another. Sclornn, hath laid a new Foundation anddar- ried on a great part cf fuch a Fabrick,.as for Magnificence, Splendor, Solidity, Figure, and curious Archiceflurc, the World , perhaps, never faw the like; the Model whereof,, taA been defigned by that Prince of Architcdh Sit Cbrifttfcr. Jt'ra, and approved of by the €tje perent state King, and now thisprefent year 16S1. the Eajl end thereof, together with the molt vail Ca- folt or Dome, and the Crofs Teems to be almolt Built, fo that they who have feen the old Temple Ihallhave nooccalion, (as the people in Ezra, Chap. 3 . y.) to weep with a loud voice, but rather to fiiout for joy, when, (hey (hall fee, by what is already done and farther defigned, that it is like to furpafs the Old, as much as the prefent Kingdoth furpafs in Dominions, inPotv- crand Revenue, that King, in whofcReign the Old Church was credtcd : for the fpcedy pro¬ moting whereof, to the Glory of God, to the Memory of the Prince of Apolilcs St. PM, to the great Renown of King Chirks the Second, and to the Honour of this City and Nation, both King and Parliament, City and Countrey, Clergy and Laity, High and Low, .feem to Hand engaged to lend their utmoll Aid and Afliftance; amongll other things, conlidering that proba¬ bly it may be a lalling Monument, to evidence to all pollcrity, that in themidll of a crooked and perverfe Generation, in the midlt of many' thottfands, who had openly forfaken the com¬ munity of the Church of England, there want¬ ed not a Dtvii to raife Money, and provide Materials, nor a Solomon , to begin and finilh luch a mighty Work of Piety, nor a Beztleel , andan Aholiab, curious Workmen, nor a People wil¬ ling-hearted, and liberal in bringing in their Plate and jewels in fuch abundance, till their liberality { as theirs Exod. Chip. 33 . 36 ,) was thought fit to be reftrained. Ofthe fore-mentioned Fire, that wasablcto dellroy fuch a vaft folid Structure, as theCa- thcdial of St. Pauls, a brief account may here be acceptable, cfpccially to I-'orreigners, who 1 are had imperfeft Relations thereof. Part:. Of ENGLAND. A [fjoyt Account of l hr Dreadful Fire of LON DON, which beg an the Second day of September , 1 666. and in three daps /pace,con- fumed greatef part of tlu City. T He City of LOXDOS within the Wails, contains Four hundred forty and eight Acres of Ground, whereof the Buildings on Ir,ret-hundred ferenty and three, were utterly confumcd by that late dreadful Conflagration; al'o Sixty three Acres without the Walls, in jiU;(! Acres, Eighty nine Parilh-Churchcs, Pr.c tht'Ulimd three l.un ’.red and twenty Hou- (fc;; bclidcs that vail Cathedral of Si. Pm!, and bides diversChappcls,Halls,Collcdgcs,Schools, and other publick Edifices, whereof the whole damage is hardly to be computed or credited. In that one Commodity of Books only, where- with Union abounded, was loll, as Judicious Stationers have computed, One hundred and fifty thoufand pounds; for the lofs fell mo.t upon that, and three or four other cumbcr- fotne Commodities, not eaficon a fudden to be removed, viz. Wines, Tobacco, Sugar, and Plums, wherewith this City wasfurniflicd bc- vr.fid any City in the'World: infomuch, that otePcrfon, Alderman fegteys. loft of Tobac- to, to the value of Twenty thoufand pounds. Vet, in this valtlncendy. not above fix or eight Perfons were burnt. Of this dreadful Fire, there were many concurrent occafions. Firft, €Ije pjefent State Fir(!, Either the Drunkennefs.or Supine Neg¬ ligence of the Baker and his Servants, in whole Hoiv r e it began: Or elfc (as many believe) a Hcllifh Combination of fome Homn Catholicks to begin and promote that Fire. Next, The dead time of the NighfJ wherein it began, viz, between One and Two of the Clock after Midnight, when fome were wea¬ ried w’ith working,others filled withDrLnk, and all in a dead fleep.. Thirdly, The dead time of the week, being Jawrifa/-Night, when Traders were retired to their Countrcy-Houfcs, and none but Maid-Ser¬ vants, or young Apprentices left to look-to their City-Houfcs. Fourthly, The dead time of the year, being then the long Vacation, on the Second of dep- umber, when Tradefmen were generally abroad in the Countrey; fome in the remotcll parts of England, to fetch in their Debts. Fifthly, The clofcne r s of the Buildings; in that place, facilitating the progrersof the Fire, and hindring the ufual rcmcdy, which was by Engines to flioot Water. Sixthly, The matter of the Buildings there¬ abouts, which- was generally Wooden, and of old Timber. Seventhly, The long continued Drought of she preceding Summer, even to that day, which had fo dried the Timber, that it was never of ENGLAND. Part 2 . Eighthly, The matter of Wares in Chore parts, where were the greateft Magazines and Storc- toufes of the City, cf Oyls, ritch, Tar, Ro- ;in, Wax, Butter, Brimflonc, Hemp, Cordage, Chccl'e, Wine, Brandy, Sugars, tfc. Ninthly, An Eafleriy Wind, the dried cf all other, that had continued long before, ar.d then did blow vcryflrongly. Tenthly, Thetmexpefled failing of theWa- ter, the Times Water-Tower, near to the place where the Fire began, then out of order, led burnt down immediately after the begin¬ ning of the Fire, To that mod Water-Pipes were I'oon dry. lallly, An unufual negligence at firft, and a confidence of cafily quenching the Fire, on a fnddain changed into a general conformation and Defpondcncy, all People chufing rather by flight to fave their Goods, than by a vigorous oppoGtion to fave their Houfes and the City- Thefe Caures thus lirangely concurring, (to fay nothing of God’s jufl indignation, for the notorious impcnitency of the Citizens, for their great abominations in abetting, and infiigating the fliedding of the precious innocent Blood,, both of God’s Annointed, and of their other thief Governours, both in Church and State, for their dill going on in their old hainous (ins of Dikifcg Dominion, aitdffeakjng evil of Dig- mies, till there be no remedy) thofc foremen r toned Caufe, fo wonderfully concurring by 1 genera! prodigious Conflagration, did make greater fpoil in the (pace of three days.vir^ f:ije pjefent State' ' from Sunday Morning to Wednefday Morning, than three or four Armies, unreltfled, could cafilyhave done in twice the time: for fto give the Reader fomc little profpeft of the huge damages done by this Fire) it hath been fompacd by an ingenious Perfon, that there being burnt in ail,about Thirteen thoufand two J-.'iitdred Houfcs, which valued one with ano¬ ther, at no more than if l yearly Rent, which at the low rate of Twelve years purchafc, will amount in the whole to Five Millions two hundred ar.d 8aooo/. Sterling: The Eighty le¬ vel] Parifh-Churcbcs, wherein is included Cfrijl Church, bolides the mof! fpacious Cathedral Church of St.FtuI, Six Confccrated Chappcls, the fyyal Burfi, or Excb.iuge, the Great Guili- mil, the Cujicrn-mufc, ti e many magnificent Halls of Companies, thcftvcral principal City- Gates, with other publick Edifices, have been valued at Two Millions and 800000 1. The Wares, HouflioldfiufF, Moneys, and other moveable Goods, loft and fpoiled by the Fire, may probably amount to Three Millions cfPounds, fomc fay, much more. _ f The Money fpent in a general removing Oi Wares and Goods, during the Fire, and bring¬ ing them back afterward, in the hire of Boats, Carts, and Porters, may be well reckoned at the leaf! at T*'o hundred thoufand Pounds; the total whereof, is Eleven Millions, Two hundred and eighty thoufand pounds Sterling, which re- duced into French Money, will amount unto One hundred forty three Millions, fix hundred and forty thoufand Livrcs Tourms. And yet not- withftanding all thefc huge Ioffes by Fire not- withftanding that moft devouring Pcftilcnce in the year immediately foregoing, and the then very chargeable War againft three Potent Part2. Of ENGLAND. i vjtiebbours, the Citizens recovering after a few Month*, their Native Courage, have fincc fo th arfuliy and unanimoufly let thcmfclvcs to .‘■build the City, that (not to mention whole Streets, built, and now building by others m the Suburbs) within the fpacc or four years, fay crefted in the fame Streets, Ten thoufand Honfes, and laid out for the fame, Three Milli¬ es of pounds Sterling, counting but 300/. a Houle, one with another; befides fcvcral large Hofnitals, divers very (lately Halls, Nineteen fair folid Stone-Churches, that did colt above One hundred thoufand pounds, were all at the line time creating, and foon after nnimed ; si now in the year idSi, above twenty Church- esmoreof various, beautiful, and folid Archi- Ktlurc, arc rebuilt: which is here the rather uentioned; lollop the mouths of our fymijo .MverUrics, who oft alledge , that fince our Reformation, fcarce one folid Strufture lath been Erefled for God’s Worfliip.by the ErilifD Frotelhnts ; and that although they have done divers conflcicrablc Works of Charity, m 1 g of Hofpitals and Alms-Houfes, yet they have been very deficient in Works of pure ivty. for advancing the Wcrlhip, thePraile, (lithe Glory of our Creator which ought to_ tc regarded in the firft place. Moreover, as it he late hire had only purged the City, the rluihlines are become infinitely more Beautiful, more Commodious, and more Solid, (the three main Virtues of all Edifices') than before , nay, ssif the Citizens had not been any way impo- vcrilkd, but rather inricht by that hugeCon- fie.ation, they may be Did to be even wanton iatreir cxp.nccs upon the llatclv lulm itc- tvii. or i-ronts of their newHoufes, Churches, ;.-,j Halls' ( maty of Tented Stone, as durable 1J0 CDe Pjefent State alooft, as Marble) upon their richly adorned Shops, Chambers, Palconies, Signs, Portals, tfr. Their Publick Hills are fo richly fetcoff with curious Architcfture, Carved Work, in Stone andWood, with Piflurcs and Wainfcot, not only of Firr and Oak, but Come with the fwcct fmclling Cedar. Their Churches beauti¬ fied with excellent various Towers and Fronts of true Rpm* Architcaure. They have made their Streets much more large and Itrait, paved each fide with finooth hewen Stone, and guarded the fame with many mafly Pods, for the benefit of Foot-paffengcrs; and whereas before they dwelt in low, dark, YVcolcn Cottages, they now live in lofty, lightfomc, uniform, Brick- Buildings : fo that although our Gracious King cannot fay of this his capital City, as one ofthc Emperors faidof Rome, Lateritim invent,Msr- noream reliqui-, yet he may lay of it, what is almoft equivalent, Ligneam invent, Lttcritim reliqui ; andof a Principal Strudfurc of this Ci¬ ty, the Royal Exchange , His Majeily mayfiy, lateritiam invent, Lafideam reliqui-, whereof take here thisfollowing brief Account. Part 2.Of E N GLAND. ipi Of the City of LONDON fince its Re-building. T H E former Bur[e began to be Erefted in ^ g x . tiicyear iyfU)or, whichalfo beingderived from the French, hath continued ever fincc, a Citizen chofen by the Citizens annually, unlcfs fometimesforthe difioyalty of the Citizens, their Priviledges ar.d Franchilcs have been taken from them, and a Guardian fet over them, as was done by Hen. III. and Eire. 1. The former of thefe Kings, in the Fiftieth year of his Reign, was fo enraged w ith the Londoners, for fiding with the Rebels againlt him, that he was once rcfolvcd to raze the City to the Ground, but the Citizens thereupon wholly fubmitting both Lives and Fortunes in¬ to that Kings hands; who after he had given the Mayor and four Aldermen to Prince Edward his Son, to do with them according to his pleafurc, and rvr?. of ENGLAND. JS[ 1 had given fo others of the Loya! Party, aboat fixty Houles and Families, to redeem diemfelvcs, at the difcrction of thefe Loyal Mtii HisMajdiy wasat length pacified. Which j,jv bears arningtoallCities in thefe mutinous 0, r latter years the Mayor of London, though a Citizen and Tradefmen, hath been of f;;;; high Repute and Ellccm, that in all \\Ti- :i .g and Sp.aking to him, the Title of Lord is which is given to none others, but ci- :r,:r to Noblemen, to Bifim ps, Judges, and of ;.:»r times to the Mayor of Tork., or to fo:nc efthchigheft Officers of the Realm. He is al- :'o for his great Dignity, ufually Knighted by ;r.e King, before the year of his Mauiraltyhc ispircd ; unlels he had received that Honour b. - !::e, whilft he was Alderman, as of late hath teen eliial. H s table is, andalfo the Table of cachShe- fuch, that it is not only open all the year toaU comers, Strangers and others, that are of any quality, but fo well furnifhed, that it is al¬ ways" tit to receive thegreateft Subjedt of £*£- hi, or of other Potentate; nay, it is Record¬ ed, that a Lord Mayor of London hath Feallcd four Kings at onceat his Table; and the prefent King and Queen have been by fume of the late Lord Mayors, Treated at their Table. Alfo for the Grandeur of the Lord Mayor, there is allowed above 1000 /. a year for his Table, in the Houfc of the Lord Mayor. His Domcllick Attendants is very Honoura¬ ble, he hath four Officers that wait on him, who arc reputed Efquires by their Places, that K <5- The Lori Mqor. Hit Do- Atten¬ dants. 3°o CIje parent State The Svmri-Beirer. The Common Hunt, who keepeth a gallant Kennel of Hounds for the Lord Mayors Recreation abroad. The Common Crptr. The Water-Byliff. Tbits it tlfo The Coroner, Three Sergeant-Carvers, Three Serges.-. ’s of the Chamber A. Sergeant r five Channel, Four Teomtn of the Water-file. One under Water-Bay! iff, Two Teomcn of the Chamber, Three Meal-migb-rs. Two Tamer, of the Wood- Wharfs. . W'- ' f ic'i have their Servants allowed tirem, and have L;vcrics for themf.lvcs. His His State and Magnificence is remarkable, State. when he appears abroad, which is ufually oil Horfeback, with rich Caparifon, himfelfalways m long Robes, fometimes of fine Scarlet Clot* richly Furred, fometimes Pnrple, fometimes Puke, and over his Robes a Hood of black Vel- vet, which fomc fay is a Badge of a Baron of the Realm, with a great Chain of Gold about his Neck, or Collar of SS’s, with a great rich Jewel pendent thereon, with many officers walking before, and on allfides of him, He. but more cfpccially,on the 29th of Otlober ,.when he gees to Weflminfler in his Barge, accompa- . "led with all the Aldermen, all his Officers, all the feveral Companies or Corporations, in their icvcral (lately Barges, with their Arms, Co- lours, ar.d Streamers; and having there in the Excbquir * Part 2. Of ENGLAND. 201 Excknuer-Cktmbtr, taken his folemn Oath to be true to the King, returnsinlikemanner to Guild-Hull, t.iatis, the Great Common-Hall of Guilds, or Incorporated Confraternities, where is prepared for him and his Brcthcrcn, a moll fraptuoiis Dinner, to which many of the great Lordsand Ladies, all the judges of the Land, and oftentimes the Lords of His Majcllics moll Ho¬ nourable Priv-Councii; alfo Foreign Ambaila- dors are invited; and of late years the King and Queens Majcffy ; the Duke ofTnrl i, and Prince have been plcafed to Honour that Feall with their Prcfcnce. This great Magillrate, upon the death of the King, is fail to be the Prime Pcrfon of Er.g- !:ij: And therefore when King fames was invi¬ ted to come and take the Crown of Ettghnd, HctcrtLce, then Lord Mayor of London, fubferi- bed.'n thefirft place, before ad the Great Offi¬ cers of.the Crown, and all the Nobility. He is ufua’ly chofen on Mickue! war-day, by Hh E- the Livery-Men, or Members of the (cvcnlUHion. Companies within the faid City , out of the Twenty fix Aldermen, all Perfons of great '•Vcj!:!t and Wifdom, in which Eledlion the Senior Alderman that hath not been Mayor, hath rf tally the Precedence; yet in this par¬ ticular, the faid Eledlorsareat their liberty. The Lord Mayor on the day of the Kings Co¬ ronation Claims to be Chief Butler, and bears the Kings Cup amongll the highell Nobles of the Kingdom, which lcrvc on that day in other Offices. His Authority reaches, not only ail over this /y/ s An- ?rcj,t City, and a part of the Subui bs, but alfo th;;;;. on the famous River cf Thirties, Ealtward,as far cr r-.dile, cr Taint, and the Mouth of the Ji.-.ci /'A-dirm ; and Wcilward as far as Colony Duel, , a0 j W Parent state Eiicb ,above States Bridge,Uc hath a Privilege bv Charter,to Hunt in Middlefex, Ejjex ,and Sat. ter ; and for this purpoi'c is always maintain¬ ed an excellent Kennel of Hounds as afore- mentioned. He hath power to pumlh or cor- reft all that {hall annoy the Stream, Banks, or pifh; and for that end he yearly keeps Icvcral Courts in the Counties adjacent to the Tbames, forConlcrvation of the River, and punilhment of Offenders: Only, the Strength and Safety of the River, againli an Invafion; and fecuring Merchandizing, and Navigation, by Block-hou- fes Forts or Caflles, is the Care of the King. krfs The two Sheriffs of this City, are alfo She- ThetwoSIierms 01: inn. riffs of the County of Middlesex, and ai ally cliofcn by the Citizens, from among them- fclvcs in the Guild-Hall, upon Mtdfummsr-dij a high Priviledge, among many other, antiently Granted to this City, by icvcral Kings and Queens of this Kingdom , but they are not Sworn till Michaehm-Ete, and then arc alio prefented at the Exchequer, to be allowed by the Batons, and Sworn ; after which, th.yen¬ ter npon their Office. If thePcrfons lo cho en, refufe to hold, they incur a penalty, unlcTs they will take a Solemn Oath, that they arc not worth Ten thoufand pounds. The Twenty fix Aldermen,- do prelidc over Mdtr- the Twenty fix Wards of the City. When any «•». of thelc dic,thc Lord Mayor and Aldermen chule another, out of thcmolHubllantial Men of the Cityt if any fo chofcn, refufe to ho.d, he is ufuallyFined tool. All the Aldermen that have been ..ord Flavors, and the three cidctt Aldermen that have not vet arrived to that Honourable Elratc, ar , ( by their Charter, Juftte of the Pcaic of p 3 rt i. of ENG LAND. 205 To the Lord Mayor and City of London be -lord long divers Courts of Judicature of high impor -Ma)0ts tanec. Courts oj The higheft and mod antient Court, is thztjudia- callctl the Hujlings, (i.e.) Dorns Cxufarum.we. which doth preferve the Laws, Rights, Fran- thifes, and Cuftoms of the City. There is a Court of J{(<}uejis ocConfcisnce. The Court of the Lord Mayor and Aldermen, where aifo the Recorder and SheriSs (who arc serially Aldermen, or clfcconllantlychofcn rip¬ en the next Vacancy) fit, TwoCourts of the Sheriffs, one foreachCounter. The Court of the City Orphans, whereof the Lord Mayor and Aldermen have the cufto- _ 'The Court of Common-Council, confiiting (as the Parliament of England) oftwoHoules,one for the Lord Mayor and Aldermen, and the other for the Commoners; in which Court all By- Laws, which bind all the Citizens ot London -,(ox every man, either byhimfclf, or by his Repre- tlntativc, gives his AlTent thereunto; wherein wills the great happinefs of the Engiijh Sub- left, above all the Subjeftsof any other Prince in the World, that neither in Laws, nor By- Law;, neither in Taxes, or Impods, any man il obliged, but by his own confenr. There is another Court of the Chamberlain or', tha City to whom belongs the Receipts of the Rents, and Revenues of the City, and to his Court belongs the bufinefs of Apprentices, ever whom he hath a great Authority. To the Lord Mayor alio belong the Courts of Coronor, and of Efehcator, and another Court lor the Confervation cf the. River of ac4 €ljc l^efeut State Laftly, the Court of Goal-delivery, hclduft. ally eight times a year, at the Old-Baily, both for the City and Middlejex, for the Tryal of Criminals, whereof the Lord Mayor is the Chief Judge, and hath the power of Reprieving con¬ demned Perrons. There are other Courts called Wardmote, or the mectftig of Wards, whereof there arc -.6 in the whole City: in which Court, inquiry is mado into all things that can conduce to the re¬ gulating and well-governing of the City. Alfo the Court of Hilmote, or Artcmbly of every Guild or Fraternity, for regulating what belongs to each Company in particular. The Traders of London are divided into Com¬ panies, or Corporations, and arc fomany Bo- j-fe dies Politique : Of thefc there arc Twelve, cal- Troehe ' cc ' t * le Chief Companies, and lie that is clicfea Comti- Lord M a y° r ' mull be Free of one of tlicfe Com- n 'iff panics, which are I. Mercers , V Grocers, 3. Drapers, 4. Fiji-mongers, j, Goldjmirbs, 6. Skinners, 1 7. Merchm-Tayhts, S. Haberdajbas, 9. Suiters. 1 10. Ironmongers , u. Vintners, 12 . Cloathmrkers. And if it happen that the Lord Mayor Elcdl is of any ether Company, lie prclcntly removes to one of the Twelve; all which Companies have AliTemby-placcs, called Halls, which arc fo manyBa(ilikes,or Palaces, and manyoftlicm worthy to be viewed by all ftrangers. It hath been the cuflom of forne of our Kings, to Ho- ncur feme of thefc Companies, by taking their freedom thereof; and the prefent King was plealed to be made Free of the Company of Grocers', 205 Part 2. Of ENGLAND. Crocers, and the pretent Prince of Otir.gc lately thofeto be made I-'rcc of the Company jf Dra¬ pers. Each Company or Myficry hath a Matter, an¬ nually chofcn, from among theinfelvcs, and hath other fubordinatc Governors, called Wardens or Militants. Thefe do exadtly correfpond to tii: General-Government of the City, by a Lord Mayor, Aldermen, and Common-Council; who arcfclcdtcd out of thefe fevcral Companies: fo excellent an harmony there is in that Govern- There arc bclides, near Sixty other Com -Q,y r paries, or Corporations: all enjoying large Pri- t ' w ', % viledges by the Kings Gracious Charter, Grant- h! unto them, and fair Halis to meet in. " ‘ A 206 Clje parent ©tate A Lift of the prefext Lord Mayor, Aldermen, &c. of the city of Lon¬ don,/w this year, 1682. rvilb the feveral Wards under their refpedive JurifdiUions. S I R John Moor, Lord Mayor, WaltmkyWid SkThomas Aleyn.Md, ofthc Bridgemhm. Sir fohn Frederick, Cdemanjlreet Ward. Sir feint Laurence, ipueerhythc-Wird. Sir Thomas Biuimrtb, Alderfgate-Ward. Sir William Turner, CaJHe-Bainard Ward. Sir George Waterman, Bridge Ward. Sir William Hooker, Cornkil Ward. Sir Robert Finer, Langborne Ward. Sir fames Edwards, Candlewicke Ward.. Sir Robert Cla)ton, Cheap Ward. Sir Patience Ward, FaringdcnWard, Intra, Thefe have all been Lord Mayors. Sir George Treby, P^ccrder. S : r William Pritchard, Broadftreet Ward. Sir Henry Tulfe, Breadjlreet Ward. Sir fames Smith, Ponjokyn Ward. Sir Robert fefrey, Cordweyne Ward. Sir fohn Shorter, Cripplegate Ward. Sir Thomas Gould, Dowgate Ward. Sir William \awfterne, Limejlrecl Ward. Sir fohn Peal, Bilhngigate Ward. ; ir Thomas Bedford. A.dgate Ward. Sir fohn Chapman, Tower-jireet Wind. Sir Simon Lewis, Bafftparv Ward. Sirfoatbar.Baymnd, Btjhopfgate Ward, Intra. Henry Cornijb, Eli]; Ftr.trey Ward. Itaw Umil Sima. sir Tiomst Pkyet, Kt. Chamberlain. \ nr) Crifo, Hfq; Common Sergeant. m«MgP 4 > H® Town-Clerk. fffyKJw. El'q; Comptroller of the Chamber, and Vice-Chamberlain. Something of the Military Government both Miliurj Antient and Modern, of this mighty populous Govern- [i:v, is alfo well worthy to be known, both ment of to Etglijh and Foreigners. In the. XXIll of the City, tim) ti.c Eighth , 1531. at a general Mufler in lithr. were firft taken the Names of all Men within"this City and Liberties only , ( which tah not far- without the Walls) fropj.thc ;se of Sixteen to Sixty; alfo the number ofall Harr,dies, and ofall forts of Weapons for War, tlcn they drew out of thelc, only fucli able lien, as had white Harncis, and caufcd them ill to appear in whiteCoats, with Breeches, ir.d white Caps and Feathers, and bccaufe No¬ ire was given, that the King himfclf weald fie them Muller, they all prepared to appear asfplendidly as they coikl; andtothatcnd.thc lord Mayor, Aldermen , Recorder, and She¬ riffs, and all who bad been Sheriffs, had all white Harncls, and over that, Coats of black Velvet, with the Arms of the City Embroider¬ ed thereon, each one with a great Gold Chain., and mounted on a goodly Horle, w ith rich Trap- nir.gs on their Heads, Velvet Caps, in their Hinds Battle-Axes Gilt; Each Alderman and ■he Recorder had four Haifa, rule,s in White Stik, or file Buff Coats, waiting on 'hem with Gilt Halberds; and the Lord Mayor had 1 6 tal! Men anparakd in whit; Sattn Doublets, Caps, 208 €lje Parent state ami Feathers, Chains of Gold, and other Gor¬ geous Attire, with long Gilt Halberds follow- ing his Lordftiipat a difancc: but next to him he had four Footmen in white Sattin, th.cn two Pages eloathed in Crimlbn Velvet and Cloth of Gold, riding on gallant Horfes richly fur- nilhtj one of them carryiig the Lord Mayo:; Helmet, and the other his Pole-Ax, bo h rich- ly Gilt and Adorned. Molt of the Citizens of any Quality or Office, were in white Sattin,c- whitcSilk Coats, with Chains of Gold, and feme with rich Jewels. What was the number the: of Men in Arms was not Recorded, but that may be guelTcd at by what follows: They mu- ibred in Mile-end Fields, and before Nine of the Clock in the Morning began to march, entrirg at slldgute in excellent Orderdonnto n'ejimhfler, where the Kingand Court Hood to view them palling by, thence they marched i- bont St, Jjmes’s Turk., lb through Ilolttn, up to Usden-Hrfl, and there disbanded imme'i- atcly, and yet this was not done till five of the dock in the Evening, which was eight hears continual March, -ftorofays, the number of the Soldiers then Multcred, were Fifteen thoulaal, ■ City- .At the time of the happy Reflauration of Train- Majefty now Reigning, there were in ion- Bands. and the Liberties, fix Regiments of Train- Bands, and fix Regiments of Auxiliaries and one Regiment cf Horfe. Thefc Thirteen Re¬ giments, about fix weeks before His Majcfiics arrival, Multcred in Hsde Burke , being then drawn out for promoting and learning I-IisMa- jellies Return. Thefc Twelve Regiments of Font were t ftoco complcnt. Eight of thefc Kegiments had liven Companies in each, and the other four lad fix Corny allies incacb, in £Sjc parent State ken the Command thereof, and owns it as His Company. Under his HiglmclJ there is a Lea l- cr, who excrcifcs this Company every Toefday fortnight, and the other Tuefday the Excrciic is pci formed by the lcvcral Members ofthc Com¬ pany, who arc there Trained up to Command, Ufthis Society are many of the Nobility, alfo ti,-. Lori Mavor and molt of the Aldermen. Ml the .ommJrnlers of th.c Train-Bands and Auxiii- ai ici h re cxercilc Arm'. This Company con- fills of Six hundred Men. Their Officers arc, a Leader, two Lieutenants, two Hniigns, two Sergeants, a Provolt Marlhal, three Gentlemen of Arms.OV. They have alto a Court-Marital, confiding of a Prefident, Sir Wt.hin l'ruhr.i’, Vicc-Prefident, Sir fmes Smith; Treaferrr, Sir Minkm Andrews-, Colon. 1. and Twenty four Members of the Company. On the fccond Tuefday in February, a general Rendezvous every year, the Officers are Elefted. Of Of ENG LA N D. 211 Of the Tower of LONDON. F •Or the Security and Defence of (hi-famous Citv and Rivvr, there luv been antiently ■ersVortrefTes = but that called the Tower of Jon, hath been eminent above all others.It : 0; Cittadcl, to Del'-lid and OTMiid both city and River htic a Royal I'a- c where our Kings with their Courts have retimes Li dged; a Royal Arlcnal, where are nuand Ammunition for (tocoo Soldiers; the -ji'p/y for the Jewels and Ornaments of the .'..■iii, t'ro-.vn ; the only Mint for Corning Gold and Silver; the great Arehicvc. where c conferred all the Recouis of the Courts iCcthntnj/er; the chief Prifon for the Life cu- ij v ; of great Perfens that arc Criminals: in ore if the great extent thereof within the '"alls"he confidcrctl, and its authority over the reral Hamlets without, and the many high Pr i- iedges and Liberties belonging thereto, it r rather be reputed a City than a Citadel. Tv r f London is out of ail County or Parifb, ( only a fmall part fomc hold to be 1:1 Liberty of it fclf, exempt irom flTaxes to the King, tothc Church, ortothe P,w. Ir Intha Pirocbiil Church exempt from rllF.cclcfiaiiical Jurifdidtion of the Archbilhop, Do e bellowed by the King witnouc Tflitulion or Indudlion. There are Thirteen j’jniffj m feveral Parifhes, of large extent, t h Cower, whofe Train-Bands arc ri bound to a.Tiilthe Conjhble or Lieutenant of 7- r 1c arc all called the fQ r g s Com ' C t m the Kings Perfon in time of :::d, and togo no farther than the King. Clje State A ercat part of the Tov-er is within the Li¬ berty of ti c City : tMi: that were Tryed for the Murder ofSir Tko. Overbnrj , ’twas the Judg¬ es Opn.ion they mult he Trite! in the City, the Psfb heire done in the City. V-itbi.', the Tetver is kept the Office of His Mai-lies Ordnance, which hath been always an Office cf great Accompt ard Importance, as be¬ ing the only tending and grand Magazine cf the Principal Preparatives, Habiliments, Urcr.ids, and Inilrutnents of War, as well by Sea as Lane, for the Defence and Safety of the Kingdom; and confcqucntly hath influence in the Navies, lorn, Calllcs, and Armies thereof: Having the super¬ intendence, ordering and dilpufing, as wei! cf the Grand Magazine Lodged in the Tun-tr, asat Woo'.vsich, Cknkim, I’crtfrr.jut!', FI\mnth,h':iU, Berwick, and clfewnCfM '‘■here- in gen-rally in times ofPeace, tber. to the Quantity of about feu: tout_or mttcci thoufand Barrels, wiLli Arms for I-lortc and loot, Ordinance Shot, and other Stores proportion!- blc, aswcil for Sea as Land, lodged in their ie- vera! Storeboufes apart, with great Order and Care ; for the better preferring, and more free- c!y diipatcb in delivering out the (lime, as the Kings occalior.s fliall require; which may not onlv Defend ExgUnl but be formidable to all our" Neighbours. It is under the Government a Chief of theMafler of the Ordnance, who is commonly a Perfon of great Eminence and In¬ tegrity, and is in Ft me called LeGW Mti- JlreJ'/rtillerie; which word Ariitterie, is either ib arte telorum mteniorum, or dfe it denotes all manner of Ordnance, may poflibly be dc- derived from the lul'm, Jttiglio , fignifyingthe Talons or Claws of Cultures, Edgles, and luen rapacious Birds of Prey, as alfo of Ptigonu part2. Of ENGLAND. 2ij UtlHlh and Griffons,by which they not onlydc- ,-L themlclvcs, but tear and rend in piccesall t'-iat cppoic them. Hence the L/cral forts of Canon teem to be denominated from fuch kind ,• Creatures, as Filkpr.s, Filkonett, Silvers, Cul- from the Lime, Colder, Ggnifying a Ofttutor Dragon, and Biplis\s,ic.c, " ihc Place of Mailer-General of the Ord -Mjfc,. nance, after the laying down thereof by Sir Ghent rtsr« Chichele}, was fometime executed by of the Three Commiffioners, viz. Sir John Cbichley.Or.tones Sir Cbrij’opber Mutgrme, and Sir WiUDm Hick,- rr but hath lately been conferred on that Bo’i’t accomplifh’d and Loyal Gentleman, the Honourable Colonel GeorgeZegg;undejrwhom, the A 'minifiration, and Management of thefaid (jficc of Maftcr-Gencra! of the Ordnance, is (ommitted to thefe Principal Officers follow- Thc lieutenant General. Surveyor. C/trlcof the Or.tor.ee. peeper of the Stores, Clerk of the Deliveries, And the Treifunr and Ttymifler, who all hold their Places by Paten: under the Great Seal. Lieutenant of the Ordnance is Sir Chipper Lim; , ■ immve, whofe Duty is, (being the next Prm- pj 1 Officer of the Ordnance) to receive all gnifications, Orders, We. from the Mailer, at the0ul . e Hoar cl, with the relief the l’rinc pal Offi- r M( , ers to fee them duly executed to make Orders sthe KingsoccaGon lhall require for things of sch importance , which the Kings Warrants it Warrants from the Admiralty arc not need- C!jc $?cfcnt State ful; the Mailer in former times being not fo of. ten there; but of lute years, the Mailer is for .he molt part prefent at tltc Board, with the principal Officers, for the idling of molt things; three days awetk being appointed by them for their Sitting , whereat they fcldon fail, if any bulincfs of confequencc require; their Pretence. The Lieutenant of the Ord¬ nance is air.) to give Orders for difeharging the Great Ordnance, when required, upon Corot!!- tion-days Fellivals,Triumphs, and the like; at alfo to fee the Train of Artillery, and all it; Equipage, fitted for motion upon any occafion, when it (hall be ordered to be drawn into the Field. The Surveyor is Sir fonts Moore, Kt. which. or. office was conferred on him fir.ee the death of that mod Admirable Mathematician, Sir Jj. „a Moore his Father, whore Charge is to Survey all His MajclliesOrdnance, Stores, and Provit- onsofVVar, in the cuftody of the Store-keeper, which he is to fee fo didinguithed and placed, a; (hall be belt for their prefervation and fafety, for a decent View, and a ready Accompt. To allow all Bills of Debt, and to keep Checkup- on all Labourers and Artificers Works, and to fee that all Provifions received, be good and fcrviccablc, and duly proved with the alhfencc of the red of the Officers, and the Proof-Ma- ders, and marked with the Kings Mark, if they ought fo to be. t The Clerk of the Ordnance is that mod In- ‘ genicus and Learned Gentleman, Eintrdskr- bunt, Efq; whofe. Place is to Record all Or¬ ders and InflruAions given for the Government of the Office; as likewife all Patents and Grants. and 2. OfENGLAND. c Names of all Officers,Clerks, Artificers. lants. Gunners, Labour' ers, and others, njoy the laid Grants, or any other Fees lie King for the fame ; i to draw all Elfi- for Provifions and Sup] plics to be made. Letters, Inftrudlions, C dommiffions, De- ans, and Contradls for His Maicllics Ser- to make all Bills of Impr eit, and Deben- jr the Payment and St itisfadiion of the ivc Artificers and Crec litors of the Of- ir Work done, or Provifions rccciTcd : uartcr-l'ooks for the : Salaries, Allow- and Wages of all Officer- Clerks, and o- inillcrs belonging to the laid Othccj as kccpjournalsanil Lieger •s ofthc Receipts turns of all His Ma jellies Stores, that no¬ re bought, borrowed, given, received, ir employed, without du e Record there- lervc as a Cheek between the two Ac- ints of the Office, the o:ic for Money. 2 j 6 of eng I-and, they have been reviewed by the Surveyor, and Rcgillrcd by the Clerks of the Ordnance in the Rook of Remains, to look that all His Majelfe Storehoufes be well-repaired, and well accom¬ modated, and the Storeskept in Rich Order and Lullre, as is lit for the Service and Honour of the King. CUrk.of The Clcikof the Deliveries hnee thcdcathof tie Dt- that worthy Gentleman, Samuel Bonny, Efq; liveries, isi Viliam Bridges, Efq; whole Duty is, to Draw up all proportions, or Orders, for delivering any Stores or Provifious whatfoever, either at the Tower, or any other of his Majcilics Maga¬ zines, to fee them duly executed; and by In¬ denture or Receipt, to Charge the particular Receiver of His Majcilics faid Stores, and to Regillcr, as well Copies of all Warrants for De¬ liveries, as the Proportions delivered, forth: better difchargingof the Store-keeper. Tuwa- The Trcafurcr, or l’aymallcr, is the Honor- ( f er rablc Charles Bertie, Efq; Brother to the Right J ’ Honourable the Earl oUindfey, through tt’nof: Hands the Monty of the whole Office of the Ord¬ nance runs, as well for payment of Salaries, si Debentures; by which method all Money, br.: Salaries is dilpofed of, whither for Fortification; Puddings,Buying in ofStorcs, Be. and no Mr- •ncy to be by him allowed to any Perfon, with cut being Lilicd or Appointed to be paid hi the Mailer under his Hand. There are other fubordinatc Officers,* liken ill- hold their Places by Patent: as, Maficr■ Firfl. The Mailer- Gunner of England, Cap Cunm. tain Pochard Beak., who is to Teach and Inllrut- all fuch as delire to learn the Art tf Gunncrv and to Aclminillcr to every Scholar an Oath which, bcliic the Dutv of Allegiance, hindeti him not tolcrveany Foreign Prince or Stale 2 ,8 W parent State ,n p ec ces of Cannon arc Cannont of Eight, anil fo of m It -- arc other Trains of Artifl«yin hisMajolVicsMagazines abroad,asat Portjmuib, a very confiderablc one, at P/pnomt, iVirJfor, 8tc. Of the Min Cjlh Drcover, in the Toner is kept the Of- 1VI ficeof the Mint, where only of latter dmes is Minted all the Bullion that is Minted |iT«L.“ although the King hath power to fet upi Mint in any other place of His Kingdom. The Mint is a Corporation, confiding of he Warden Mailer, Workers, and Mongers, U. ^Jfo fctlcd by Charter ofKind Mwrtte Third,and Confirmed by the fcveralKings fin'. In this Office are divers prions « t melted, delivers it to the Moncycrs, and ' S55S&85*S , w«5g Part 3, of ENGLAND. 219 caiting this Office, byCommiffion, at prefent, ire Sir John Buch)eorth,Kt. Chirks Duxcomb. ami F.fuuircs. The Fee of this Office miv. isfoo 1. per annum. The Third Officer is die Comptroller, who Cmptrol- fee; that the Money be all made according tochcfrr. 'll; Affix -'.to overfee the Officers, and controol •tar, if the Money be not as it ought to be : h-s Fee is 3oo/. per mum and is now fumes toin.m The Fount, is the Aflay-Mafter. who weighs Ajfty. the Bullion, and lees thatit beaccordingtothc AJajkr, Standard; whole Fee is iyo /. per mm and is file Brittle, Efq; Tiie fifth, is the Auditor, to take the Ac- Aulitcr. counts, and make them up. Broo\ Bridget, r*d Ifww Dorn, Efquircs. Their Fee is i°l.peit each. The Sixth is the Surveyor of the Melting, who surveyor btofee the Bullion cart out, and not to be _al- 0 f,j, e tered after it is delivered to the Mcltcr; which M e i t p n „ s alter the Affay-Mader hath made Trial thereof; George Evuns, Gent. the-Fee tool.per ’ The Office of Weigher and Teller, is executed Weigher oj Lirceht Perot, Cent. Fceioo/. and his Af- ur.dTel- Siant Mr. Willium Taylor ; his Fee is 40 /. / er . There is alfo the King’s ,chief Clerk, Murtin a; f fore,Efq; andfour other Clerks for the Office i Receipt. ... The prefent Engineer of the Mint, isTbom Ergi~ Gent. Fee tool, per mmm. tier. The Gravers of the Mint, are thefe two ad- Gfn , (f; suable Art ills, fohn and Philip Pliers. The Fee to both is 350/. per mum. The Provoftof the Company of Moneyers, p r ovcff- "aich Company confifls of above Forty Perfons, L i for 5.20 /.liltin'. Clje pjcfcnt State for Working and Coyningof Gold and Silver Money, is KicbolM Hunt, Gent- Then belong all'o to the Mint, many Officers and others, as Melrers, Smiths, viz. Edn-.trdS)l. VL-lier and Peter lokrScr.-., Blanchors, Moulders, ard Labourers, t?e. mnDxUov is Porter of the Mint. The fa Officers and Moncyers of the Mint, hive always been exempted from all pubiick Offices, and their Eilaecs free from all Taxes and Parifh-Duties. TouchingtheMoneys there Minted,the Gold or Silver Coin, a large Account hath been gi¬ ven in the Firlt Part of The Prefect Sute of ENG- USD. The Office of His Ma;cl!ies Records, kept in tbc7Vm’rof London, is of venerable Antiquity, and the Place or' Keeper, and Deputy of the fame, dignified with fpecialTruf!, whereof St Algernon AAiy.Kt.'is at prefent the Keeper Salary 500 /. per annum-, and Lawrence Mild Efq:, of the inner Tc»ip/e, is Deputy thereof, This Place is properly in the Mailer of the Hells his Gift; and then His Mnjeily by His Lct- tersPatents hath ufuatfy confirmed-it. As the Chappcl offithe tyl's in Chtciry-litt, and Eau-Bis Office, doth fill with Record out of other Offices, they are tranfmittcd into tti. ftrner after Come y, ms; for it hath been i* Wifdoni and Care of former Ag s, to feed th Records of feveral Courts to the Tsn-tr, h> their nrc'Ctvatinn and lafety, not only as a Fo¬ lic/ of State, butth: paitTular intcrcft c> Men, having Eftates requiring it, thereto! many Preccd.nrs for it, remaining m the^ 322 Clje PieftHt State The Title of the Realm of frrnt, ami how obtained. And all thatthe Kingt or Princes of this Land, have, until that time done abroad, or Granted or Confirmed onto their Subjects at home or abroad. Tenures of all the Lands in F.r.ghni, F xtents, or Surveys of Manners and Land, Inqmliticns pft mortem, of infinite advantage uponTrialsof tiiterclf or Dcl'cent. . Lib-rties and Priviledgcs granted to Cities and Towns Corporate, or to private Men,as Court-I.cets, VVairTs, Eltrays, Mcrcats, Fairs, Frce-Waren, Felons Goods, or what die could come to the Crown, or pafs out of it. Several Writs. Pleadings, and Proceeding', as well in Chmceri, as in all the Courts of Con- mnn-Lm and Exchequer. Ir.ftcximus's, and Inrollmentsof Charters ana Deeds, made and done before the Conquefl, Deeds and Contradb between Party and Party, and the juft sftablifhmcnt of all the Ofh.es m the Nation. . , The Metes and Boundsof all the Fordism Erghml with the fcveral rerpeftive Rights of t c 1 habitants therein to Common of Palliirc, CSV. Bcfidcs many other Priviledgcs and Evi¬ dences, which arc too long to be here repeated 1 or infertnl. And are therefore in the Petition of the Com¬ mons of Er.gl.tri in Parliament, Amo 46 Eiw.p^ Numb. fail to be the p rpetual Evid-.ncco. every Mans Right, and the Records of this Na¬ tion ; without which, no Story of the Nation can be written or proved. Thefe Tart 2. Of ENGLAND. 223 ThcfcRccords are reported within a certain place or Tower, called Wakefield Tomer, adjoyn- jnp to the Bloody Tower, near Traitors One. There is another place called Julias Cafar's Chtfel, in the White Tower: The going up to this Chappcl is in ColdHircor, Eighty four ileps . up, with fix or cightgrc.it Pillars on each fide, and i)t the upper end thereof, there was a .Warble Altar, which in the late times of Re¬ bellion was caufed to be beaten flown, as a Mo* cament ofTyranuy and Superilition. There arc'many Cart-loads of Records lying in this place, out of which, ir/d/em Prjnw.Efq: late Keeper of the fame, with inde fatigable la¬ bour, Collefted and Printed many of Publick Utility, Anno i6<;y, it-fc, 1661, 16(4. in four ftvcral Volumes, beginning Pnr.o Retyii Juban- w; fur before that time there were no Rolls, but only Chart.! Anti^ux, or Antient Tranferints made and done, before and fir.ee the Conqueft, until the b 'ginning of King John- Then follows bis Son Henry t\tz Third, where thefirfi Office Fiji mortem begins. Then there is Edward the Firii,Second, and Third; Ejckar.it. he Second, Henry the Fourth, Henry the Fifth, Henry the - Sixth, and Edward the Fourth; and Inquifi- titns Pojl Mortem of Richard the Third, who Reigned only Three years. The Rolls of that King are in the Chappel of the Rolls in Chin- rn-Lane The Rolls of the Tower arc varionfly diflin- guiffied , viz. Rotttli Patentittm Cariarnm_ Par- Hmentorum , Claufarum finittm Seotix. Halonix, h’incit, H’tbenU, Wallix, Romanic, Aleman - «if, Oblata, Liberal*. Extra.}x Perarubulatmcs, fcreji.e, Scutag. Rotttl. Afarefehal. Rom*, de Treugh Chart. iS Patent, fail, in partibtts tunf- mrinii. Patent, de Domibas Jttdxorum P?"" l 4 £!}C Relent State cm. it Variorum, tfc. Stipiht, cum mhi iliii, which arc lately depicted upon the out- hdc of every Prefs in thcRcpoficory belonging to each Kings Reign, and very cafily. to be brought forth for the ufc of the Client, by a Table c.f Orders hanging up in. the laid Office, and fiibfcribcdbythe Keeper hereof. The fame is to be kept open, and conflamly attended for all Reforters thereto, from the hours of Seven to Eleven of .the Clock in the Morning, and from One till Five in the Aftcr- no'm, every day of the Week, except in the Months of Decentber, 'far.urj, and February, mi in them, fi rm Eight till Eleven in the Morning, and from One to four in the Afternoon, except cm Holy-days, Publick Falling, and Thankfgi- vj-^-Days, and Times of greatPellilcnce. The Governor of this great and important FortreEjbeing called The Lieutenant of the Tomer, tsiifuallyaPcrfon of great Worth and Fidelity, who is, yirtute Officii to be in Commilfionof the Peace for the Counties of Kjr.t, Surry, and Miilefex. He is. High Steward of a Court there held, hatha Deputy, and may. refute ap Halos Corpavmay.givc Protedlionto all Debt¬ ors belonging to the Tomer , infra Regnum Anglia, Hath the Priyilcdgc to take Vnam lagem Tjvo Gallons and a Pint, Ante malum 0 retro, of all Wirie-Ships that come, and to be, as fomc haldiCuQos IlotiiloTum of the County of Middle- fcx. His Salary is 100 l.fer annum. His ufual Fee for every Prifoncr fentto the Tower, who arc commonly McnofEflatcs, is. 20/. and j.ia week for an Efquirc, and. 5 /. for a Knight; for a Baron, or above, yo /. at entrance, to whom thc„King allows weekly 1 o /. whereof two parts gotothePrifonerj the third to the Lieutenant part 2. Of E N G L A N D& for Lodgings ami Diet; and yo/. to the Lieu tenant upon t|ic Prifoners Dilcliargrv Ar.t; Pont. if> 7 T; : the E41I of Northampton was mad: Conihblc of t\)c : T6n*r of Lawton,'art! Liber tics thereof: and Cnee that, itTI/wm-Loid Al Htgtn ■» as Honoured with the Dignity and Of See of Coniiablc of the Timer ; and the prcfcri Lieutenant of the Tomer, Cnee the death of Sii Join iyol/infov , is the Hohourable Captain Thom Ciiehi The Gentleman Porter of the Tomer hold Lb-Place by Patent, and at the entrance of 1 Prilbner, hath for his Fee f'ejiimerte juferiou c; cite a compoCtion for the lame. The Gentleman Jayior is pat in by the Lieu¬ tenant of the 76 n-er, his l-cc is + if. oi a Gen- ti:m.in, and y / of a Knight. Then there art :c Warders of thcTcwer, accounted the King: Domcllick Servants, and Sworn by the Lon Chamberlain of His Majelhes Honfhold, or bj the Clerk of the Check. ■ The Moneys allowed by the King to the feve til Officers and Servants in the Tomer, and foi deping in repair that huge Structure, amount toavnil Sum. Near the Tomer is Si. Kjtlemes, which hati jRoyal luriiditlion for the Ecclcliartical Caulcs a,# cue piettnt ©tate rich Shops built thereon, furpaflech Ul other in Zurole ; it hath nineteen Arches, founded in a deep broad River, and fotne fay: on a foft fVv Ground ; Eight hundrdd foot in length, Sh ami Thirty broad; hath a D«w Bridge a!moftin the middle and Twenty foot l , cach Arch ; it was built, ^»».i2o 9 ,m 5£ Reign of King J «hn The firlt Stone Bridge in England having been limit above One hun¬ dred years before , by Qu« n Wife to Henn the 1-irft, at Stratford on the River Iti, Three miles from London ■, fo called from the H«h-way there palling over a Ford,and lints tailed Stratford-Born, from the Arched-Undue, a piece of Architeaurc thennew tothc Engliih- N The’building of this Bridge of London, mt an exceeding difficult and coftly piece of Work, and to thofe that confider the content great flux and Reflux at that place, it teems almoft impoffiblc to be done again. The charges of keeping it in repair, is fo great, that it hath been thought fit by our Anchors to have a large Houfc, avail Revenue in Lands and Hou- fe divers confiderablc Officers, etc. to befrt apart for the content Care and Repair thereof. th« Principal whereof arc the two Bndgc-Ma flers, chofen out of the Body of the Liveries upon Mii{uirmr-dth after the Sheriffs and the Chamberlain- Concerning Part 2. of ENGLAND. Concerning this Bridge-, and the Stupen¬ dous Site and Structure thereof,take here the Fancy of an Ingenious Per- fon deccaied. W Hn Neptune from bis Billow London W* p,aught proudly thither ly a High-Spring'-Tidc; As through t floating Wood he fleer'd along. Ad moving Cajiles clufier’din a throngs Vktbe beheld a mighty Bridge give Lam V,Mtis Surges, and their fur) aw, i fanfiut a Shelf of Catarafts dp roar, At if the Thames with Nile had chang’d her Shorn tin he fuck ntajfte mils, fucb Towers did eye, Such Pop, Such Irons on his Back.to lie : nfen fuchvaji Arches he obfen’d, that might AiirraRialto’s make, for depth and height. Wien the Cerulean God thefe things furve/d, fitficok. hit Trident, and, ajlonijh’d, /aid, let the whole Earth now all her Wonders count■ Tlis Bridge of Worden is the Paramount, 22-$ parent State Kot far from this wonderful Bridge, is the fatal phcc, where the dreadful Fire aforemen¬ tioned firll began, near, which is now Ercfted (as was ordered by an Aft of Parliament, im¬ mediately after the Fire) a Pillar, in perpetual memory thereof. It is of the Dorick. Order, 175 Foot high from the Superficies of the Ground, and 15 Foot Diameter ,all ofl'olid Fori- fond-stone, with a fair Stair-cafe in the middle, of Black Marblc.andanlronBalcone onthetpp, not unlike thofe two antient White MarblcPih larsat ^we,crefted in Honour of the Emperors, Trajan ami Antoninus, thofe two excellent. Prin¬ ces ; they were there built above 1500 years ago, end are llillfbijding entire. The Plcdefia! of this our Pillar, is alfo all of PartiandStonc; and is 11 Foot fquarc, and 40 Foot high, the Front whereof is curioufly adorned with inge¬ nious Emblems; the Work of that admirable Sculptor and Carver in Stone, Mr. Gabtiel Cibber, another Praxiteles, and on the (idesthere¬ of are thefe following large Infcriptions, Part2. of ENGLAND* The Infcriptions of the MONU¬ MENT. One one Side. A NKoCbrifli CIdDCLXVI.DwIV. Xontt Septembris, Dire in Uriemem, pedum CCII fatmllo. ( qiu c/l ffiijufce Column* Altitude ) nafii demedia Noblehcendium, qnodventofpiran- idiuft etiam loxginquatf partes per omnes popu- Ithndum ferebatur cum impetu 13 fragore incte- Hiili. XXC1X Tempia, Portas, Tnctorium, ^Udes ;tblicas, Tiochotrogbix, Scholas, Bibliothecae, In- pilitum magnum numerum . Domic CCIOD OO 00 OO CC. Ticos CD abpmpt. .De.XXVI Itgmibus XV.fttnditusdelevit, a.ixVWllaceras (5 fmiitpasreliquit. Vrbis cadaverid CDXXXYI jfigeu, Hhc ab Ara per Turnips ripam ad Templa- wrum far.um, lllinc ab Euro aquilonali Porta fe¬ tarim mures adfoffj Fletm* caput, perrexit; ad- ■,rf: opes Civium.3 f'.nunis irfeftum, ergl vi¬ tas inocuum : nt per omnia refetret fitpremam ilium MurJiexHjlionem, Telox eludes fuet; exigmm tempos euttdem vi- iiiCmtutemPlorer.tijjfmsm 13 nullum, Tertio die, cum jam plane evicerat humane Con- [ilia 3 fubpbia omnia, Ctslitsa, utparejl credere , pfiiu petit faults ignis '13 quaquaverfumelanguit, _ 2J0 €ije parent State On the other Side is. C AROLUS II. c. Mart. F. Mag. Brit. Frm. If Hib. Bex, Fid. D. Princeps Clementifjim, miferatui LuRuofam rerum Faciem, plurimafumit- tibus jam turn mini! in fohnium Civium 0 > urbii fux Grnameniumprovidit, Tributum Pff/nifit, Pte- ces ordinit t? Fopuli Londinenfis retuiit ad Htg- si Senatum ; qui continue decrevit uti pnblki Ope¬ ra Pecunia publica, ex vebligali Carbonic fojjilif orimia , in meliorem fotmam reflituerentur: mi* que .JEdet Sacrx (3 D. PauliTempluma Funk- mentit omni Magnijicentia extmerennr ; Pontes, Ports, Carceres nivi fierent : Emundarer.tur Al¬ vei, Vici ad regulam refponderent, Clivi ample- nxrentur,' eperirentur Angiportus, Fora Cf Micel¬ la in Areae fepnfitts eliminarentur: Cenfuit trim uti fnguU Domus murii intergerinis cincludem- m, univerfxinjmiempxri altitudhti confurgcmt , omr.djque VarietesJixo quadrato aut co&o latere fo- hdarentur: Vtique nemini hceret ultra feptemitm adificando immorari. Ad bxc, liter deTemiw orituni Lege lata prafeidit ; adjecit quoque Sup- pli.-atmes annual C ad aternam pofiemum mem- riam H.C. P.C. Feftinatur undique. pefurgit Londinum ntajlti eeleritate an Ipler.dore hcernim: Vr.um Triinnttm ab[o!vit, quodSeculi Opus credebatur. fncepta Parts. Of ENG LAND. • irrcepta Richardo Forde Equ* Praetore Lond. A. D. CIODCLXXI. Perdu&a altius Geo. Waterman Eq. Prae. Roberto Hanfon Eq. Prat. Gtiliel. Hooker Eq. Prae. Roberto Viner Eq. Prae. Jofepho Sheldon Eq. Pr,ae. Perfe&a Thoma Davies Eq. Prat. Urb. Anno Dom. MDCLXXVII » pjei&tt ©tate The fame. Infcriptions in £ K G L I S B. I N the year of Chrift, 1(66 . Tie Semi dayif September, Eaflwari from hence, atthedi- fiance of Two hundred and two loot, (the heigh if this Column) about midnight, a Terrible Tire hrefe out , which driven on by a Nigh Wind, not only mji- ed the adjacent farts, but lihtwife places very re¬ mote, with incredible Koife and Fury. It ccnfii-. med Eighty nine Churches ; The City-Cates.Guili- Hall, many publicly Strubiures, ffofpitals, Schools, Libraries, a vafi number of (lately Edifices, Thir¬ teen thoufand two hundred Bwelling-Noufes, feut hundred Streets ; Of the fix and twenty Wards, it utterly defrayed Fifteen, dndleft Eight others.fi, al¬ tered andhalfeburnt. The flumes of the'Cityvtn Four hundred Thirty and fix Acres,from the Tower by the Thames-fidc to the Temple-Church, mi from the North-Eaft Gate, alor.g the City-Wall to Holborn-Urhlge. To the Efiates and Fortunes of the Citizens itwas Mercilefs.bui to their Lives ve¬ ry f avourable, that it might in all things referable thelajl Conflagration of the World. The Deftru- ilion was fuddain , for in a (mail (pace of tilt;, the fame.City was (eat moji flourijhing, and redu¬ ced to nothing. Three days after, when this fatal Fire had baffled all humane 'Cowfels and Endea¬ vour.. in the opinion of all, as it were, ly the did of /.’■■av.n it fiopt, and on every-fide was extin- CHARLES’ Fait 2. Of ENGLAND, C HARLES the II. Son of CHARLES the MARTYR, Kjr.g of Great Britain, France, «i Ireland, Defender of the Faith, a mofi Juft ftir.ee, commiferating the deplorable plate of liirgs , j vhilji the gttines were yet fit toakjr.g, fro • tij'H for the Comfort.of Bis Citizens, and Or-, arttttt of Bit City, gcmiitcd.their Taxes, and ttjtrred the Petitions of the Magif rates and lit- I ieitsr.li, to the Parliament, who immediately fall ttAd, that Publick. Works Jhotild be reftored to pater Beauty with Publick. Money, tdberaifeiby it Irr.fo/ition on .Coals ; That Churches, and the Cathedral of 'St. Pauls Jhotild be Inbuilt, from t'etir Foundations, with all Magnificence y That bilges, Gates, and Prifons-jhould be new made ; Tie Shears cleanfed ; The Streets■ made freight id regular-, fuel) as were fteef, levelled , and thoje M narrow, made wider ; Markets and Shambles timed to fe far ate f laces ; Theyalfo Enablpd, that retry Bouftjhould be built with Party-Walls, and til in Front raifed of equal height, and tbefe Walls aO tf Squared Slone, or.Brick., and that no ManjhouU May Building, beyond the ffaee ofjeven yean, Mirtover, Care was taken by Law, to prevent .all Suits about their Bounds ; Alfo Annivcrfary Pray- its were er]oyned\ and to perpetuate tie Memo- tjkreof to rofetily, they caufedtbis.Colmn to be Etelied , The Workwas carried on with diligence. London brtflored, but ’tit uncertain whither with greater Sftedor Beauty. A three years time ftnijhctl, what ms fupfojed to be the Bufnefs of an Age, This was Begun, Sir giebard Ford, Kt. being Lord Mayor of. i 0 B DO ;V, Asm Dorn. 167.1 ■ Carded on, ' Sir 234 Cljc i&efent State Sir George iTatermanJit- 1 Sir Robert Hanfon, Kt. ( Sir wilhim Hooker , Kt- b Lord Mayors, Sir Robert}', K ;r,Kt. [ Sir Jcfepb Sheila,Kt. ) And I inilhcd. Sir ThmDsvics, bcingLord Mayor, Anno Dorn. 1^77- Of the Cuficm-Honfc. N Ot far below the famous Bridge of lit- don , is placed the Cuftem-Houfe, where is received and managed all theImpoficjonslatd on Merchandife, Imported or Exported from this City, which are fo tonfidcrable, that of all the Cuffoms of England, divided into Three parts, the Port of London pays two Third;, that is, above$30000/. yearly. In this Office are employed a great number of Officers, whereof divers are of confidcrable Quality and Ability. As firff the Cmmijftcners,who have the whale Charge and Management of all His Majeffics Ctt- float, ( the Feity~Farms excepted in all the Ports of England, andlikewifcthc Overfight cl all Officers thereunto belonging. The prefect Commijftoners arc Five, and arc allowed by the King, Salary 11001- to each per annum, viz. ChirlesLorA Cbeyne, Vifcount Newhavcn i'-oj Hr Rich. Temple, Knight and Baronet, I;cc and Knight of the Bath. Sir George Donning Knight and Baronet, ties S;r Nicholas Sutler, Kt. l:co Andrew Newport, Efn; na The Part z. Of ENGLAND. Kings Officers in the ran of LONDON. phe r.ext Principal Officers who alfoho'd ,t,cir Places by Paten:, under the Great Seal of England, are f?£K^S"EfqiCBflom C r j ol'Cloth, and Petty Cullom 277 c6 08 Outwards, Salarv is J Sir Join Shirr, Kni^i.t ar.dBaroO net,Collcdtor ofti:c Subsidies 4 100 00 00 and Wooll-P'clls, Leather,' Lad,and Tinn, their Salary is \ 50 1. to each, which makes ^Needier, Efq, Comptroller) of the Great Culloms , Ins 030 00 oc- Salarv is J Ijthjrd Breton, Efq; Comptroller) < f the Cloth, and Petty Cu-; too 00 00 foms, Salary is J ihwd Btckmell, E q; Comp-) [roller efthe Subsidy, Inwards y J 00 00 and Outwards Sa’ary is J George Porter, Efq; Surveyor off the Culloms and Subfidics In- 3°° 00 03 ward and Outward 1 his Salary George Nicholas, Surveyor-Gc-7 , 00 c0 00 neral, his Salary is 5 .... 235 2 16 srije parent state •. . . h. t. i William CuUifori, Efq; Regiflcr? of the Seizures, his Salary y °° Sir fob Shim, Kt. Colleflorof - } the Duties of the A£t of N'a-ojoo • vightion, his Salary is J Mr. W,:l. Clough, Chief Search-1 The Undcr-Seardiersarc Five, viz,. 1. s .. i Mr .Thomas Button,. oiz- ,qb 09 -Mr. F^ckitiCooilily' 'o.iz'po ,00 Mn fob. Evans, . 011 .poj'o) Mr. Charles, Beauvoir, ou.'oo.oo Mr.-Willitm ftUTCii bit 00 06 fotr. Holliky, Ufher of the' Cujicm-tfoufe. All the above-named Officers, ehefe Six lad only' excepted;' have fevcraF Deputies;and Clerks, whofc.Employments are of confidtta: ble value. ■' ' - The King's Waiters tvbdarealfo Patent- Officers, in number Nineteen. Mr» fob RsymorA,. Mr. Hugh Bartcckj Mr. Samuel Philips .. Mr ^Samuel Danvers . Mr. Lawrence Corbet, Mr. Ar.irea Hqr.es, Mr.fohnMarJbal, Mr. Pogtr Char nock., Mr. Samuel Ward,: Mr, Gerard Andrews, Ofi. ojt 051 byi 051 .051 051 oji , of 1 oj t 237 part2. -Of ENGLAND. /. d. Mr. Frincii Robert;, Mr. John Slum, 'Ut.Jofefh Jordan, Jun. Mr. Edward Agboroxo, Mr. John Field, Mr. Thoms Ellis, Mr. William Tslmn, ■ Mr. Thomas A(~Price ti b\r, Thomas Sheene. 051 oo oo oj'- oo oo Op 00 00 o ?I oo 00 op 00 op op 00 oo op do oo J hefe conftderable Officers following, have their Names included in the fame Tatent with the Commiffioners , and have Salaries per annum. The Honourable Robert' Bertie ? Secretary. S Claries Osborn, Efq; Riding? Surveyor. 5 tirbird Ejm, Efq; Receiver-? General, and Cafhier. 5 Giles Litcott, Efq; Comptroller- ? General of the Accounts. S Hjr hard Promfe, Solicitor. 400 00 CO 666 13 04 Ctkr Officers Created by Warrant from the . Lords of the Treafury, who have yearly Salaries, as follow. •fe&u Sanfon, Efq; Aflillant Secre- ? tary. 5 Hr. Benjamin Alexander, Clerk? 2 -lS %\it parent state /. i. , Mr .Xichiri Savage, Plantation-? „„„ „„ , ' Clerk. S 5 ,! j-ofepb Dawfor., Efq; Examiner? . V of the Our-Port Book's. ' ' 5 100 00 V 1 John Clements, E:q; Aflfillantto? the Surveyor-General. 5 I °° 00 ' Mr. Eiwarl Brewer, Clerk of? the Coall-Bufinefs. £°4 0 00 < WiliismK'aterfon, Efq; Coppy-7 .' !' ing Clerk Inwards. S° 4 ° 00 ‘ FhiUpMnrjb, Efq;!cccivcrfor? 'Wines and Currents. S ICO 03 ’■< Mr. Xiebari Davies, Examiner?, Inwards. - • £ c50 . 00 ' Ditiel Skinner, Efq; Jerker. loo oo < Egbert Greyion, Efq; Jerker. 080 oo t Matthew Efiimberjl on, Efq: Jerker. ioo co c Mr. Michael Weekes , Receiver ? for the Plantations. S 100 00 ' Mr. John Thorpe, Receiver of? the Grand Receipt, Inwards. J 100 00 C Mr. John whittle. Clerk to the") Comptroller-General of Ac- Wo oo c conipts. J Mr. EichirdSmith, the Commif-Y fioners Clerk of the Ship-En- 8030 00 c tries. ) Mr. Peter Nulls, Affiflant to the? Clerk of the Coaii-Bufincfs.5 010 °° C Mr.tfeary Potior, Winc-Taftcr. 080 00 c And more, as Examiner of? , . , Securities. £ 0 Ur Ednari Cook, Adiftant to) the Comptroller-General of, 070 00 00 Accompts. _> %Euclide Speidell, Cletk °R 0 ja 00 00 theCoaft-Bufinefs. A Sir. George Elm, Surveyor of? 0Q the Adt oi Navigation. S * Edward Simon, Paymaftcr of? . Q 00 00 the Incidents. i Stephen mlker, Coppyi.lg? 0Q 0Q Clerk, Outwards. b J II, e f. following are * Laud-Surveyors , Salary to each 150 /. per annum. Mr. Thomu finejlon, Mr. Daniel Fori: Mr. John Cocke. Mr. fdttgl'O Chidleigh, Mr. Edward mrdour. Mr. Tbomis Thyme. Mr! Will km Colemin, Warchoufc-kcepcr. Mr. Samuel Clerk, Surveyor of the Ware- houfe. There arc about Thirty Land-waiters, who uve their Places during the Pleafarc of the .ords-Commiffioncrs, Salary toeach is So/ per m,n. Alfc Noon-Tenders, who attend whillt he Land-Waiters go home to Dinner, wlwR salary is it,/, ter annum. There are many other inferior Oihccrs, as ridcs-mcn for the Keys, and River, the former iking Accounts with the Land-waiters ;^e 2*,0 of ENGLAND. latter Watching on Board till the Ships beunla. den, at Seven pounds a year Silary each,and Halfe a Crown a day wliilll impioyed. There arc alfo Weighers, Wharfingers, and divers other Pc lions belonging to tlicciijitn- Houle, in t proper to be here taken notice of. Note, That the ducPerquill es bclongingto each of thefe Officers above-mentioned, are re- ry-confiderable, and to foine are much more than their refpcctivc Salaries. In all the Out-Ports His Mujefly hath the like Officers, who all likcwifc receive Salaries out of His Ma;c!iics Revenues. Of all which. Sir £J. mod Turner, Kt. is Surveyor-General. ThcHoufe where this great Office w?s kept, being ddhoyed by the late l ire, is now-Rebuilt in a very much mere Magnificent Uniform,ar,.l commodious manner by the King, and hath col! Ilia Majclly touoo/. the Building. Therein itprekr.t nothin this City 0/ London, divers other very cor,filer Me Offices, whereof no; d-e Accountfollow ins. «i Part.?.. Of ENGLAND. ■Of the Office of Poftm.tfter-Ge- neral. T ile Profits of the laid Office arc fctlcj by Ad of Parliament, on His Royal High- jcfsthcDukcofroit; but HisMajcfly doth con- tec His Pollmallcr-Gcncral, by Letters Pa¬ ws under theGreatScalof England ;and ac¬ cordingly hath conferred that Office upon the Eight Honourable Henry Earl of airlington,Loxi Chamberlain of His Majefties Houfhold. The prefentPollmallcr-Gcncral. keepethone Grand, or General Office in the CityofZmi- k, from whence Letters and Pacquets are dif- patchcd. Every Monday to Ttir.ce, Italy, Spain, Flan. l:n, German), Sweden, Denmark., &c. and to iir.!. Every Tucfday to the Vnited-Ketberlands , Grc. and to all parts of England, Scot- ksd, and Ireland. Every Wcdnefday to Ejm only, and the isirw. Every Thurfday to France, Spain, Italy .and. ill parts of England and Scotland. Every Friday to the Spanijh and Vnited-N’e- terlands, Germany, Sweden, Denmark., and to ^rur. Every Saturday to all parts of England, Scot- W, ar.d Ireland. And the Anfivcrs of the faid Letters and Pac¬ kets arc received in the faid Office in due courfc; ;ct ' from thence difperfed, and delivered accoi d- “V? their refpcilivc Direflions, with all ex¬ pedition, M The , trjjc i^erent ©fate The raid Office is managed by a Deputy, a-a other Officers, to the number of Seventy teven Perfons; who give their adtual atccnd-nctrc- lpcdlively, in thedilratch of the buCncfs. cc, depends On hu..- drcd'cigbty two Deputy P. It; Maflcis hi Ey hf.i and Smltr.i ; molt; f ninth keep Regular Offices in their S age?, and Sub Poltmal'crs in the r Branches, and alio in ltehvi. Another Gcntrai-Offic. hr that Kingdom, wmcus kept in L ublin conlii i g of Eigh.cen like Officers, and huity live D pmy-l’o'.tmaikrs. The picf.1t I’utn.alk.-t-' ncral keeps con- ftanriy tor the iwi.fport of the laid Letters of ENGLAND. neancft people have generally learnt :hat this Office is Par tiled for Forty rnfand pounds a year. >, that Letters are conveyed with iition, and lefs charges, than in any untrey, containing a whole Sheet of Paper, 80 miles for 2. d. and two Sheets,4 d. cof Letters but 8 d. a.id tint info by night as well as by day, that aurs, the Poll goes 1:0 miles, and an Anfwcr of a Letter may be had 1500 miles diflant from the Writers, if any Gentlemen defirc to ride Polt aipalTown in Er.gUrd. Poll-Horles inreadirefs (taking no Horfc with- lent of his owner) which in other is was nor duly obferved ; and only aided for every Erglijh mile, and Lige to the Poll-Boy ac. To defray ail the fore-mentioned Charges, ordinarily there was expended foimcrly, above Forty thou.'and pounds,but now much kl'sjbe- 2Jes all Hxtrauruinaiies, as Coronations, Fune. rale, tfc. T is Office is at prerent enjoyed by I (a/;i Miur.tjgn, Efq; Son to the Lord Afouxugite of Biugium. The prerent Salary to him, in compenfation of all other antient Fees anu Allowances.isycaj. iy icoo l. The faid Houfc near Tuddle-Wbsrfe was, long ago, annext for ever to the Mailer of this Of¬ fice; butfince the great Fire of London, this Of¬ fice is kept in Tork-boufe Buildings. The Chief Officers under the Mailer, are a Deputy, Robert Nott. Efq, his Salary tool, and a Clerk, Tbttmta Towsfend, Efq; whofc Salary, in compenfation of all Fees and Allowances, is yearly 300 7. Bath thclc Officcrshad fair Dtvclling-HoufcJ, which were alfo confumcd by the Fire. Belonging to this Office arc divers Tradef. men. Artificers, and others, to the number of at leal! Sixty, all Sworn Servants to the King. To this Office have lately been added, by Pa¬ tent, during plcafurc, two considerable Officers, viz. a Comptroller, Georgs Bexjor., Efq; and a Surveyor, the Honourable Mimeiuke Dint), Efq; whole Salaries are 300 /. yearly to each one, The Principal Clerks afiing in the Office above, arc Mr. Chrlef Bltr.d, and Mr. Eimrd Ferkjsi, Of 'art2. Of ENGLAND. “'He Famous City of LONDON ma- not ur. _ fitly be il'icd an Univeriity, for therein J aught all liberal Arts and Sciences: not y Divinity Civil Law,and Phyfck, which in er UnivcrftKs arc ufual, arcRcadherc; but ) the Municipal, or Common-Laws of the KT< i T ?- U ^ hC ’ and Degrccs takcn th crc- r i'“ ,n lJin "° oti,cr Nation: More l? 1!l t L ‘^° ^"PMgcs.Geopapl.y, Hydro- lh, ; , the Ait of Navigation, the Arc of For- .ation Anatomy , Chyrurgery , Chimiftru. hgraphy, Brachygraphy. or Short-hand, the fi r f. Pacing, Dancing, Art Militarv, .-■'orks, Limnmg, Painting, Enamelling, Mure Arcluteflurc, Heraldry, all forts of I f r p lmct, . ck ■ Geometry, Ailronomv , ■mmar, Rhetorick, Poetry, and anv otlrr ig. that may any way contribute to the ac- itlcman Cnt ° f ^ ingc “ ious Nobleman or rheCollcdges of Municipal, or Common- Wisent state chiefly Rudy the Arming °f y/n ts v.-hich regu- latly appertain to the Curhtor=. that u O.i ccrsof Cfa»cer>. The fid! of theft *s 'c.U Thivit-hn, begun in the Reign of k»roiri tlx Third, and iincc purchafed h \ Lmc0 ! nS 'J"l’J. was-alto tmiv* /*»; then there is »» ’ tfcmlr.x, Clemens Inn, Cliffords Inn, ant ently the Houfc of the Lord cl Jff ori '’ S '2 e f,, belonging to the Merchants of the Staple, 2dZj2S«ntiently .common Inn, wtththe 5 ^hefc were heretofore preparatory Colledga for younger Students, and many were entred acre, before admitted into the Innsof Court. Now they are for the mod part taken up by Attorneys, Solicitors and Clerks, who have Suit Chambers apart, and their D.et ata ven cafe rate, in a flail together, where they areobliged to appear in grave long Robes anu Wack round knit Caps. Theft CcUcdgcs belong all to feme Inns of Court, who fend yearly fome of their Barrifiers to read to theft. Incacn of theft Inns of Cbincer,, one with another, may be about Sixty perform. The lnns of Court were fo named,cs fome think bccauft the Students therein arctofcrve t i,.. Courtstf Judicature; or tile, btcaulcan- ticntlv theft Collcdgcs received only the Some Noblemen, and better lore of Gentlemen, as l-'orufcue affirmeth. Of thefc ih re are Four: Firft.thcTwoTos- ;>e, heretofore the Dwelling of the Kinghts- ' V.—'c’-s. and purchafed by fome ProftHorso, £) J'commcn-Law, above three hundred ycais n They are called the Inner and Midile-Tei*- W--Um E/lex-IiouJe, M was pat- Part 2. OfEN GLAND. 251 Temple-, becaufcit is fcatcd without Temple-Bur. The two other Inns of Conrt, arc Lincolni- Lincolns. Inti, bclonginganticntly to the Earls of Lineal*}-, Inn and Greys-Inn, formerly belonging to the No- Grays- blc Family of the Greys. hn. In the Reign of Henry the VI, they fo flou- rilhed, that there were in each of thefe, about tivo hundred Students, and a Student then ex¬ pended yearly about 10 1. which was as much as Two hundred pounds now; for they had ufu- aiiy ( as the French Nobles have now in rlicir Acnlcmies) every one an old difcrecc Servant, and divers Mailers for to inflrufl thorn in all' laudable qualitities; and therefore faith the fame hrtefeue, VltraStuiiumkgnm ; [uni ftilly obferved , and rnc more added, viz. That none but Gentlemen ihoukl caCly and or¬ dinarily €lje parent State iVmarily be admitted to Ecclcfiaflical Dignities, there would be in Exghxd fuflicicnt Provisions for the younger ions of Noblemen and Gentle¬ men, rhcrcofnow very many are the objects of pity, either for fuffering. t r at lcalf, for doing much evil for want of Ec employments, and there would be, doubtlcfs, lefs corruption in our Ecclcfiaflical and Civil Government; the ferious confideration whereof,would be a work worthy of our Parliament. Thcl'c Societies arc no Corporations, nor have any Judicial power over their Members, but have certa n Orders among thcmfelvcs, which havcbyconfcnt the force of Laws: For lighter Offences, they arc only cxcommoncd, or putoutof Commons, not tocat with the reft; and for greater Offences they lofc their Cham¬ bers, and arc expelled thcColledgc; and being once expelled, they arc never received by any of the three other Societies, Which deprivati¬ on ofHonour to young generous Spirit', is-morc grievous, than perhaps deprivation of Life. Thefe alfo when they meet at Chappcl, ot Hall, or at Courts of Jufiice, wear a grave black Robe and Cap, at other times walk with Cloak and Scvprcl. Thftc arc no Lands or Revenues belonging to thefe Societies, which being no Corporation!, are not enabled r o purchale, or have they any¬ thing for the c!t fraying the Charges of the Houfr, but what is paid at Admittances, and Qui.- Rents for their Chambers. The whole Company of Gentlemen in each Society, may be divided into lour parts, Her,til¬ ers, Lltter-Barriflcrs, Inncr-Barriliers, and Students. Benchers are the Seniors, to whonisam- siiticd the Government aud ordering cf.the Part2. Of ENGLAND. ajj whole Houfe; anil out of thcfc ischofcn year¬ ly a Trcafurcr, who rcceiveth, disburfeth, and accountcth for all Moneys belonging to the Houle. Utter-Barriflcrsarc fuch,asfromtheirLcarn-T^t'fr- ingand Standing, are called by the Benchers, to Bani- I’lcad and Argue in the Society doubtful Cafes Jkrs. and Queflions, which are called Moots, (from Mating, the old Saxon word for the French, Af- kmble, or elfc from the French, Mot, a word.) And whilfi: they argue the faid Cafes, they fie uttcrmoll on the Forms of the Benchers,which they call the Bar, - Out of thefe Mootmen, arc chofcn R.aders^eaderi for the Inns of Chancery, belonging to the hmsforthe of Court, whereof they arc Members; where Tnntof in Term-time, and Grand Vacations, they Ar-Chance- guc Cafes in the prcfcncc of Attorneys and r y. Clerks. All the reft are accounted Tnncr-Barrflcrj, who for want of Learning or time arc not to argue in thefe Moots; and yet in a Moot be- fore the Benchers, two of thefe Inncr-Barriflers, inner- fitting on the fame Form with the Uttcr-Barri- Barri- llcrs, do, for their Excrcifcs, recite by heart, Jiers, the Pleading of the faid Moot-Cafe, in lam- French ; which Pleading is the Declaration at large, of the faid Moot-Cafe,, theonetakingthc partof the Plaintiff,,and the other of the De¬ fendant. The year alfo amongff them is divided into three parts, The learning Mac at ion , the Term- Times, and the Dead, or Mean Vacation. Thcy.hauc two Learning Vacations, viz. Lent- Vacation, which begins the firfl Monday, in lent „ and continucth three weeks, and three days; and Summer-Vacation, which begins Monday af¬ ter lamrm-iay, and contir.ucch alfo thrce.wccks. and' 2 54 Clje P^fent ©tatc and three days. In there "Vacations are the greated Conferences and Exercilcs of Study, in manner following. finings. The Benchers appoint the elded Uttcr-Barri. •fters, to Read among them openly in the HtU t whereof he hath nolicc half a year before. He then, the firft day, about eight of the Clock, makes choice of fome Aft or Statute; where¬ upon he grounds his whole Reading for that Ya. cation, and Declares fuch mifehiefs and incon¬ veniences as were unprovided before the fame Aft, and arc provided by the faid Aft, and then recitcth certain Doubts and Qucftions, which he hath devifed, that may grow upon the faid Statute, and Declarcth his Judgment there,n: After which, one of the younger Ucur-Barri- fters, repeateth one Quedion propounded by the Reader, and doth, by way rf Argument, labour to prove the Rcadci s opinion ro be agaial! Law; and after him, the Senior Uttcr-Barri- ficr and Readers, one after another, accord¬ ing toScniority, do Declare their Opinions and Judgments in the fame: And then the Reader who did put the Cafe, endcavourcih to con- fare Objeflions laid againd him, and to con¬ firm his own opinion : After which, the Judges and Sergeants, if any beprefent, Declare their Opinions; then the younged Uttcr-Barrilicr again rehearferh another Cafe, which is prole- cured as the former was. And this Excrcifc continued! daily three or four hours. Out -of thofe who have Read once in the Sun- mer-yicnicn, and arc Btuchers, is chofcn ah ways one to Read in Lent, who obferves the like manner i f Reading, as before is cxprclfed. Out of thefe Readers sfually the Sergeants arc chofni. Ttt Part 2. Of ENGLAND. The manner of Mooting in the Inns of Court, is thus. I N theft'Vacations, after Supper, in the Hal], or after Drinking on Falling nights, the header, with one or two of thc.Benchers.comes in,to whom one-of the Utter-Barriflers pro¬ pounds fomc doubtful Cafe; which being argued by the Benchers, and laftly, by him that moved the Cafe, thc:Bcnchcrs fit down on the Bench, at the upper end of the flail, whence they arc cal¬ led ienoberr : Andupon a Form, in the middle of the Mill, lit two Utter-Ban iders: and on both lidcs of them, on the fame Form, litteth one lnncr-Barrifler, who doth, in Lin. French, D:clare to the Benchers (as the Sergeants do it the Bar in the Kings Court to the Judges) fome kind of Adtion. the one being, as it were, re¬ tained for the Plaintiff, and the ocher for the Defendant. Which ended, the two Uttcr-Bar- rifters argue fuch Qucfions as be Difputable within ilie Cafe. After which, the Benchers do likewife Declare tluir Opinions, how they take the Law to be in thofc Qneftions. In thefe Mootings, the Junior alwaysargueth bid, as is ufed among the Judges in the£xrfe- fitr-Clumber, amongll the Scrgrantsin open Courts of Judicature. The Inner and Utter- Barriilcrs plead here in lin French, and the P.cnclvcrs in EngliJh-,m\M the Readings, the Readers Cafes-ate put it* Englijh. Mootings- l&tfent state Mootings in the Inns of Chan¬ cery. I N the Laming J'sation ,each Utter-Rarriilcr, who is a Header in the Inns of Chsr.cer,,ex s with two Students of the fame Inn cf Court, to the Inn (if Ch.incer), where he is appointed to Read, and there meet him commonly two of cacli Inns of Court, w ho fitting as the Berb¬ ers doin the Vns of Court at their Meet?, they Hear and Argue his Cafe. In the four Inns of Chnccry, that arc fixa¬ ted in Nolborn, the Moots arc Read, either by thofc of Gre)s Ir.n, or Ur,coins Inn: the others by thofc of the Two Temples. In Term-time, the only Exercifes of Learn¬ ing, is arguing and debating Cafes after Dinner, and Mooting after Supper, in the fame manner, as in the Vacation-time. The time between the Learning Vacations and Terms is called the Mem Vacuum, during which time, every day after Dinner, Cafes arc argued, as at other times ; and after Supper, Moots arc brought in, and pleaded by the Inn'cr- Barrillcrs. in the Prefence of the llttcr-i arr- Iktrs, which fit there in the room cf the Pcnch- ers, and Argued by them as the Benchers da JDJVrM-f/we, ini leaning-rucrJun, Fart 2. Of ENGLAND. 2 !>7 The manner of keeping a Chrift- mas in any of the Inns of Court , thus: T HE Students hold a Parliament before Cbifiaujs, and in cafe therr be in Lor.icn no Pellilence, and that the Hoofer is furniihed with fuch number cf Students, and of fuch qua¬ lity, as arc meet to keep a.lclemn Chrijlnufs ; then arc chufen and appointed certain of the Students to be Officers, in imitation of the Kings Court; as Comptroller of the Imer- Ttmple, (an Office lately performed with much fplendor and reputation, by- Ethridge, K]1 ) foof the Middle Temfle, (tiled, Lieuie- tw of the Tower, and Trcifurer, f $c. Thcfc . bear Rule irithcHoufe, during the whole time of ebrifinufs ; and arc to behave themfclvcs in that Port, Gravity, and Authority', as if they *crc I'o in the Kings Houfe, that i'o hereafter they may Know the better to behave themfclvcs ia cafe they lhould be promoted to that Honour: forthefe Gentlemen are ufually of filch quality, tscoinc ik>t hither with intent to profefs the Law, but to learn fo much Law, as may be rc- ttlfaiy to-prefen'ctheir Eltates, and to make themfelves accomplifht in other qualities nc- ttflary fur Gentlemen. At fucli times, they have here divers Di- ftrtifcmcnts, as Fcalling every day, Singing, Dancing, Mufick,. Dicing, which lall, isaliowv t'1 there to all Comers, andis-fo cxceffive, that "hat the Dicers allow out of each winning to the Butlers Box,ufually amounts to about yo l. a Qyandanight, wherewith, with a final) Contvi- 258 Cfjc J&cfeiit State bution from each Student, are the great Charg¬ es of the whole Ckrijimis defray d Their Sometimes when their Pnbikk TreaTuiy is Print, greatj they create a Prince among thcmfclres, \v i - It fuch Title as they pleafc to give him,and he hath rlt his Oiheers, and a Court fuitablcto a great Prince, an.! many of the prime Nobility and great Officers of State, are Feafted and. Entertained by him, with Interludes, tfc. as waslat lydonc at Lir.cohs- inn, with very much Marnificer.ee, by Sir Johr.urt, by the Title cf Priect ds ii Grunge. Thiir From M-S.iir.ts Ditto Cir.iiem.it, cachHoofc levels. Bfually hath Revels on HclkLys, that is. Mufict and Dancing, andforthisischofcn 1'ome young Student to be Mailer of the levels. Their Pirlu- Mr;,That the manner of their Parliament is briefly thus: Every Quarter commonly the Benchers caulc one of the landing Officers of the Houfe, tofum- mon a Parliament, which is only an Affcmbly and Conference of Benchers and Uttermoll- Barrillcrs, which are called the Sigs Crnpir. t, and met in a place called the Pirliiment-Clun- her, and there Treat of fach Matters as lliall feen expedient, for the good ordering of the Houle, and the reformation of Rich rlvngs as they (hall theTreafureris li re cnofen, and the Amnion appointed to take the Accounts of the old Trea- furcr.tfc. Here Offences committed by any ct the Society arc ptmifhcd, Oc. Thefe Inns of Court are molt wifely toiatcJ y our Auceflors between the Kings Courts cr b dicattarc, and the molt Opulent City of is** ]“ 2<$0 fergcmts C tic Indent State ComctimesSocorroo L Afterwards he wears a lo: g Robe, deferent r :om other Barriders, and is then in a capacity o be made a Sergeant at Law, when i'is Mac 7 fhall be pleated to call hint, which is inthis manner: When the number of Sergeants is final!, the Lord Chief Julhee of the Cornmn-Pteu by the Advicca-d Content of the other Judges, makci thoicc of r ix or Eight, more or L.fs, of the moll Grave and Learned of the Inns cf Court, and prefent'their Names to the Lord Chancel¬ lor, or ford Keeper, who fends, by the Kings \\;ic. to each of them, to appear on ftclu day before the King, to receive the State and Degree of a S.rgeant at Law ; at the appoint¬ ed time, they being habited in Robes of two Colours, viz. Brown and Blew, come, accom¬ panied with the Students of the Inns of Coorr, and attended by a Train of Servants and Retain¬ ers, in certain peculiar Cloth Liveries, to iff/.- mhjltr-fM, there in publick take a Solemn Oath, and arc doatlicd with certain Robes and Coifs, without which they may befeen no more in publick: After this, they Fcaft the great Perfons of the Nat ; on, in a very magnificent and Princely manner; give Gold Rings to the Print s of the Blood, Archbifhops, Chancellor, and i'rcafurcr,to the value of 401.each Ring;to Earls, and Bifhop?,R,mgs of :or. to other great Officers, to Barons, great Prelates, (sfc. Rings of Iefsvaluc, bcfidcs a great number of Rings to private friends. Gut of thclc arc chofen 3ll the Judges of tnc Xjags-Bunch and Comttm-Tlets-, wherefore all theft Judges do al ways wear the White Linnen Coif, which is the principal Badge of a Ser¬ geant, and which lie had-ever the priviiedge to wear at ail times, even in the Kings Prefence, part2. Of ENGLAND. 261 al whilft lie fpake to the King,though anticntly k was not permitted to any iubjed to be fo ajch as Capped in the Prelcncc of the King of IqhrJ asatprd'ent is not allowed in rhePre- jtce of the Pone, 0 of tl.: Emperor. When any' c the aforementioned Juuges are ,4 $uigt wanting,the King, by the Advice ofHis Council, nude. mkeschoice of one ofthefc Sergeants at Law 10 fupply his Place, and coi.t’i utcs him by Let- l:rsPatents Sealed by the ( bain II r, who fit- t.gin tin middle of the reft o' tl,,. judges in tp:,: Court, oy. fete Speech D.-claris to the Sergeant (that up;., 1 this,,ccaiion is biougluinj tee Ati.gs Plea ure, and to the People, the Kings toed cis in pto-'id ng the Bench with filch able, l \ c as t it Juftice may be done expe- otilv, a d impartially to all His Subjcdls, and Ic 1 e f id Letters Patents to be read ; si being departed, the Chief Juftice places the at Sergeant on the Bench, Junior of all the :c), and having taken ids Oath, well and truly Slirve the King, an ! his People in the Office cf Juftice,to take no Reward, todo equal and I 1 t o .11, Hie. he lets himfdf to the mention of Ins Charge. The Sergeant being then advanced to be a ladge, hath thereby gr at Honour, and a very tonliricrai lc Sa'ary, befiJes certain U-rquilites; breach one hath at lead roco/. a year fro... i:.:Kirj<; ,,nd now in tome thing.-, his former Habit of a Scigeant is altered, his long Robe I'd Cap, his Hood and Coifarc the fame; but here is bolides a Cloak put over him, and elefal tnhis right Should' ‘ ;ud inlLad cfaCufati- «lined wi'tli Mir^v-.r, or it Minulo vtric, di¬ ms final] pieces of white rich Purr: only the ho Lord Chief Juftices, and the Lord Chief , Baruii. 3 6i P?cfcnt State ! Barm, have their Hoods, Sleeves, and Collars, turned up with Ermin. Note, Tiut to the :to> StrgeMt lmt belong ifc Twelve Judges, andsboutTvoetiijfix Sergunts. ' Anti-ntly the l-'ce expedit'd by a Sergeant : from his Client, for Advice given at his Clum* : ber, or Pleading in any Court of Judicature, j was no more than 20 r. and the Fee of a Barri-! Her 1 or. (which yet is much mere than is uiu- allygiven in any of our Neighbor-Nations at ! this day- > but at prefent it is become a! moll or¬ dinary to give fomcScrgcaius 10 hand Lome :o!, and to a Barritler haife as much,, at the hearing of any conlidcrable Caul'c; w hereby it conies to pals, that Tome Lawyers in one year,gainia Fees Three theufand pounds, and Tonic Four thoufand pounds; and in few years purchafe E- itatrs fit for Lords, and fonu times live to Lc thcmfelvcs to be advanced to be Peers uf the Realm.as the late Lord Keepers, CoveiUt),F;r.:h and others. Now all thefe fore-mentioned Tens or Col- ledges, for the Students in ear Common-Lm, being not far diflant from one another, do make the moll famous Profclhcn of the Law that is in the World, audit will be a very difficult thing to find in any one Foreign Univirfity, I'o many Students in the Law, that arc of that rip: Age,'pall Childhood, and of that high (duality, moll Gentlemen, and a confidence number of the Sons of the higher Nobility. Note that out of the Sergeants afore-menti¬ oned, theKingbyWrit, ufuallycallsfomctobc of his Council at Law, allowing each one \Va- dage, Feodage, Veflurage, and Regardage; Thefe Sit within the Rar in all Courts at ifejlminjict, except in the Court of Crmw»-P/e,n where all £: without the Bar. f Of ENGLAND. 2*3 F»rt2. Of the Colkdge of Civilians, culled Do&ors-Commons. A Lthough Degrees in the Civil-Lm, maybe fi ak. n only in Oxford and Cambrii gf, and ihe Theory.bed there to be acquired; yet the praflice the: cof is moll of all in London, where iCullcdg ■ was long (incc purchalcd by Doflor Hut) harvey, Dean of the Arches, for the Profellors if the Civil-Laxv in this City ; and nkrc commonly did refid- the Judge of the inks, the Judge of the Admiralty, and the judge of the Prerogative-Court, with divers other tmincnc Civilians, who there living (for Diet aid Lodging) in a Collegiate manntr,and Com- r.oning together, it was known by the name of Dollors-Commons, and-Hood near St. Pauls, inthcParifh of Sr. Benacts Pauls-Wbarfc ; which Buildings being utterly , confirmed by the late dreadful Fire, they all reiided at Exetsr-tJoitfe in the Strand, and arc (incc returned to their brant place, rebuilt in a very fplcndid and Mre convenient manner than the former, at the proper C (Is and Charges of the faid Do- fiors,where they now keep their fcvcral Courts ad Pleadings every Term. P- •of ENGLAND, Court of Canter- T He Chief Court of the Arclibifhop, i of the Arches, whereof fee more i Chapter of the Ecclefiijlicil Govermattf "ihe Of.cul, Prir.cipalof the fame, and Judge of this Court, is filed Dun of the Arches, ard is atprefentSir trifeman.Doflorof Laws; who is alfo Vicar-General in the Province of Cmerbury. . He Sittcth alone w ithout any Alfellors, and Hearcth and Dctermincth all Caufcs, without any Jury of Twelve Men, asisncceflaryinCwi- WM-Lm Courts. To this Court bclongcthan Aftuary, a Reg:- ftcrandaBead'c. The Office of the Afluary is to attend the Court, fet down the Judges Decrees, Regif.er the Acts of the Court, and fend them in Books to the Regirtry. This Office is cn,< ved by D«- them, and admitted his Court is held on the fame day w es but in the Afternoon and her i.tUrgit-u-HiUm Sb:nl:rvJrk.-, but ame Cinimon-HtU at Do^ou-Commoi Admiralty Seffion is Hill held, for th lih Helots and Crimes committed he antient place aforefaid. he Piac s and Offices belonging ui,uie in me Gift of the Lord High A a «s €Dt Pitttnt State The Prerooetcee Court of Can- terbury. S!i n in the Name All Citation? an i Decrees, ] of S s S“;;i;;«in ,i«r.-c rT « • ,i, c Afternoon, next day after the Mu ti and was heretofore held in the Conliilory ot ^Thelufc is attended by a RegiHer, „ -r„\. i,n iffwimvn the Decrees andAw of theCouit. and keeps the Records, all Ori¬ ginal Wills and Tclbmentsof Parties ey ing, ha¬ ving Bon Kotibilii. tic. The place is co whether a moderate hec, one may torch for, nd have a Copy of any fuch Teftament. mal: fo^^RcbclLnofnar^^amlJa^ by whom many Record, am \W noneSi. - ral places of London were then burnt:anK ft roved. Under the Regifter arc Six Cta» ieveraMy appointed for mchand Uiu* i "c Places bclorpingto this Com. s J the Arthbifllop of C inter bur P art2. Of ENGLAND. }Li Majejlies High Court of Delegates. F Rom the forementioned Courts, Appeals do lye to the Court of Delegates, whereof, more J’«e 171. the Judges whereof arc appoint- c 1 by the Lord Chancellor, under the Great Seal of England, pro ills vice, and upon every Caufeor Rufincfs, there isanew Commiflion, ;nd new Judges, according to the nature of the Affair or Caufe; as fometimes Bifhops, Com- jion-Law Judges, Noblemen, Knights, and Ct- rllans, fometimes Bilhops and Civilians, and fometimes Common-Law Judges and Civilians, and fometimes Civilians only. To this Court belongs a (landing Regifter, and the Court is kept in the fame Common-Hill, in the Afternoon, the day after the Freroga- 11 The Regifter of this Court is Thomas Oitgbton, E The Citations and Decrees here run in the- Kings Name. , , . trom this Court lies no Appeal in common' tourfe. . But the King of his mcer Ftengaime-Eoyal, cuv, and many times doth Grant a Commiihon of f-jievj, under the Broad Seal. In'this Coltedgcalfo ufuallyrefidcsthe Vicar- Gcncral belonging to tiie Archbifliop of Can- itronry.who, as he is a Primate, hath theGuar- dianfhifi of the Spiritualities of every Bilhop Clje State the Province of Cinterim-] , Sir Robert Wiftnun,] Kt. Doftoref Laws, -.farenuntinned. The Archbilhop of ror^hath the like Pow?r In his Province, and his Vicar-General isDofler B:trr.cl \ he hath alfo a rraoqi'i.fCo.irt, wlicu ! the Judge is Dofior Z;wt. Kin, That either rf the Arch-B.lnop;, ami every Eiir.op , Arch-Deacon, and Dean andj Chapter throughout both Provinces of Cit- urlutj and Tori, hath a particular Ecdclafiical < jurildiflion, and an Ecclefiaftical Court thereto j belonging, whereof there is a Judge; wh:ch for the mod part, is one of the Doftorsof the Ci- -jH- Lito ; alfo a Regiftcr and Prodtors excrccat in the f me. And that before the Vicar-General, and Chancellors of the Bilhops, are Triable all Ecclefiaftical Caufes within their rcfpcdlive Di- oceffes, except Letters of Sequeft be Granted by the Diocefan BilJiop, or Ordinary of the Place, to the party, to fuc in the Court of Jutes, which is ordinary. Note alfo. That the Vicar Generals, and Chancelors, are appointed by the refpeflive Archbilhops and Bilhops, by Letters Patents under their Seal, and confirmed by thcDeanand Chapter of the refpedliveCathcdrals. In like manner A r ore,That every Vice-Admi¬ ral hath the Power of keeping Courts within jjis Jurifdidlion, touching fuch Affairs as belong jo the fame. .Note,That the Civil-Ltro Terms begin,ander.d. not much different from thcTcrms at tt'eflm- fier ; and inevery Term there are feveral Court- days, in every of thefe Courts,which for the molt part arc fixt and known by preceding ffoh/- dip, or Smts-dijs, and the reft arc appointed id srbiirwmjudicit. Part 2. Of ENGLAND. The Names of the Doctors or Advocates, exercent in tlnfe Courts are. S IR Thomas Ex lo»,Kt. Dofbr of Laws, His M.tjellies Advocate-General, and Chancel¬ lor to the Lord Bifhop of London. Sir Rickard Lloyd, Kt. Dodtor ofLaws, Advocate- General to the Lord High Admiral of Er.ghr.d, and Chancellor to the Lord Bifhop; of Durham, and to the Lord Bilhop of Lmdijje. Doftor Join Pepys. iirTimotby Baldwin, Kt-Doctor ofLaws, one of the Rafters in Chancery, and Chancellor to the Lord Bilhop of Hereford , and to the Lord 151- fltop cf Worccfler. Mot Henry Adrmtk, Chancellor to the Lord Bifhop of Oxor,. Daftor Thomas Rowdier, Prof.'ltor of the Ci- vil-Law in Oxford. Dcftor Edward Mijkrs, Chancellor of Exon. Doctor George SPake. Sir Ellis Leighton, Kt. Doftor ofLaws. ii: t J:vrd Love, Kc. DodlorofLaw, one of the Mailers in Chancery, and Chancellor of Salu- Ury. . ’ ' • • Bailor wiilam Tmmball, Chancellor of Rpche- Doflor Thoms Pixfoldf Chancellor of Peterbo¬ rough. Drftor Richard Raines. Doftor Edward Chamberlain. Drflor Thomas Sigges, Chancellor of Chichejlcr. Doftor William Oldss. qnjE pjcffnt State Defter Polert Thompson, Secretary to Lis Grace the LorJ ArciibiLhop of Cinterim), awl Mr- (ler of the Faculties. Daftor iViUirimFofler. D-ftor Chrles Pertot, Doftor ESuIut). Doftor ?ofep hTi)hr. Doctor jojepb limey. Doftor Ciarlrr Hedges. Doctor C tries Divaunt. DoCtor Stettin Brice. D .ftor Williirn Howl, Chancellor of Litco’n, Daftor Robert Pepper, Chancellor of Norml. Doftor Fijber Littleton. Doftor Henry Newton. Doftor George Oxir.don. Doftor fob* St. John. Doftor Crafee, Chancellor of Jr. Dmis. Doftor Bay/ey, Chancellor of Bari and Wells. Doftor Wiinwrigbt, Chancellor of Cbejler. Doftor fones, Chancellor of Briflol. Doftor Penington, Chancellor of Bngor. Doftor Powel, Chancellor of St.Jftpb. BgptltiniNicioli, B.D. Chancellor olCtrliJkl Part 2. Of ENGLAND. T He Proflors or'Procurators belonging to the Courts aforementioned, arcprrlons that exhibit their Proxies for their Clients, and make themfelves Parties for them: and Draw, and give in Picas, or Libels, and Allegations in behalf of their Clients; produce the YVit- nefles, prepare the Cauf'cs for Sentence, and at¬ tend the Advocates with the Proceedings. A Li(l of the Frodors Names , who alf are exercent in the [aid Courts. S Amuel Franck! in Efq; His Majellies Pro¬ curator-General. Mr. Francis Mundj, Mr. John Mx)er, b\r. FobertThomfon, Mi,Thomas Swallow, Mr. Alexander Dyer-. Mr. Halfh Suckle), ■ Mr. Everari Extcn, fir. Henry Smith, Mr. Job J{pck., Mr. ChxrlcsTucfaer. Mr. william Cole, Mr. John-Hill, Mr- Kjchard Nemours, Mr. Thoms Smith, Mr Thomas Burr. Mr. Funds Nixon. Mr./fathert Chapman, Mr. Thomas Tiilct, Mr Thomas Swallow, Jur. Mr. Veter 3arret, Mr. Godfrey Lee, b'.:,Thomas Hook., 274 ^tjelpjerettt@tate \At.StmelWi[emti, Mr. John duugerjoti. Mr .John Miller Mr. Tbonun Shepherd. Mr. K£ iK WlHtr ’ Mr .OmutW)*, . , Mr .Thom Srodrnk., Mr.K'i.'/wW Cole nun. Mr. Eivuri Slum, Mr. Join Level, Mr.JolephKjrh], Mr.-XJehirdMirtp, Mr.Them* CbimpMte, Mr. Stephen dill. thefe arc alfo admitted by the Fiat of the sMsssir^rV Part 2. Of ENGLAND. Of the Colled?e of Phyfnirws in LONDON. A Mongft other excellent Tnilitutions in the City of London, there is a Colledge.or Corporation of Phyficians, who, by Charters, ;nd Ads of Parliament of Henry the Eighth, and free his Reign have certain Privilcdget, where¬ by no Man, though a Graduate in Phyfick, of Oxford or Cambridge, may, without Licence aider the faid Collcdgc-Scal, pradicc Phyfick h London, or within feTen miles of this City, i'nor in any other part of England, in cafe he rath not taken any Degree in Oxford or Cm- bilge.) Whereby alfo they can adm'miltcr an Oath, Fine, and Imprifon any Offenders, In that, and divers other particulars, can make By-Laws, purchafc Lands CSV. Whereby they hvc Authority to Larch all the Shops of Apo¬ thecaries in and about London, to fee if their Drugs and Compofitionsarc wholfomc.and well aide; whereby they arc freed from all trouble- tonic Offices, as to ferve upon*Juries, to b: Con- fable, to keep Watch and Ward, to be-r Arms, cr provide Arms or Ammunition, 15e- Any Member of that Collcdgc may pradicc Surgery, irk plcafe, not only in London, but in any pare ci England. This Society had anticntly a Col’edge in fyigkt-Eider (ireei, the Gift of Dr. Lin.icrs, Pr.ylrian to King Henry the Eighth: fine w’ • iHoufc and Ground was purchafcd hv th kty of Phyfitians, at rhe end of Am; "kreon the ever famous Dodor Hare- -. v?&- CDe^efent State ig«. did credt at his own proper charge, a Magnificent Strudlure both for Librarv and a Publick Hall, for the meeting of the fcveral Members of the Society, endowed the fame withhis whole Inheritance, which he rcligncd up while he was yet living, and in health, part J which he alfigncd for an Anniverlary Ha¬ rangue, to commemorate all their Benefaftor?, to exhort others to follow their good Exam¬ ples, and to provide a plentiful Dinner for the worthy. Company. .. Mno a 666. This goodly Edifice could not tfcape the fury of that dreadful Fire, and that Ground being hut a Leafe, the prefent Fellows of this Collcdgc, have purchafed , with their own Moreys, a fair piece of Ground in?Hir»K< lane, whereon they have raifed a very Magni¬ ficent Edifice. „ r Of this Collcdgc there is a Prefident, Four Cenfors, and. Eight Eledis. who are all principal Members of the Society, and out of whom, one is.chofcn every year to prefidc. The Four Cenfors of the Collcdgc have, by tficir Charter, Authority to Survey,. Correa, at.d Govern all Phylitians,or others, that Iball Praftife in Union, or within feven miles of the fame; to Fine, Amerce, and Imprifon any o: ihem, as thcyfhall fee Catifc. An Part 2. of ENG LAND. 277 An Exact Account of all who arc the prefent Members of the Kjn^s Colit d^e of Phyficians In LONDON. fellows. Oh'John Mickjcikittii, Picfidcnt; D Sir George Era. Dr. Thorns Cox, Dr. Daniel 1 rkiftUe, Sir Chirks Surberovo, Med. Regis Primar, Dr. Thoms Witherky. Dr. Edmxi Dickenfon, Phyficlan in Ordinary His Majdly. Dr. Smuel Collins, Senior.. Dr hike Engel), Dr. Walter Charlton, Dr. George EP.g er Dr. Zur/Jhdsti ting, Dr. Pet:r Birr-iik, Dr. Samuel Collins, Jun. Dr. Eol-crt Erjiij-, Dr.rtomai A.len, Dr. h'ubinitl Hodges, Sir Thoms Mill.region, Dr. John law fen, Dr.EUJhs Co)jh, Dr. Humphrey Brake Dr. John Atfield, Dr. John Domes, Ds.nillijmCroore, pr. Edv-ari Brom, Jr. Thoms Short, Dr, Jofm dirk:-. Cijc parent state Dr. Richard Loner, Dr. Hickiri Torlefs, Dr. Thomas Alvey, Dr. James Rujiae, Dr. fund* Eedes, Dr. Edward Hulfe, Dr. Hjckord Morton, Dr. Thoms Novell, Dr. Chirks Goodall, Dr. Williim Warner. Dr. Phineas fowie, Dr. Andrew Ckncbe. Candidates. Dr. William Dinkins, Dr. Thomis Dawfon, Dr. Walter Harris, Dr .William Briggs, Dr. Walter Mills, Dc. Edward Tyfon, Dr. Richard Robinfon, Dr. f rederick. Slice, Honorary Fellows. Sir Thomas Brown, Dr. Williim Denton, Dr. Eoben Btdgood, Dc. William Hanes, Dr. Egbert Winy, Dr. John Skinner, Dr. Thomis Timmes, Sir William Linghim, Dr. Owen Meverdl. Dr. Egbert fielding. Dr. fohwiniebam d part 2. Of ENG LAND. Sir Theodore ie Faux, Dr. Thomas KJng. Dr. Thomas Moore, Dr. William iValgrave, dr. John Cleric Dt.JobnBijher, Dr. Nicholas Barhone. Dr. Nicholas Stanley, Dr, Rjcbard Griffith. Dr.William Stocbam, Dr. William Burnet . Dr. Walter Needham, Dr. Nicholas Carter, Dr. Henry Paman. Dr< Robert Gray, Dr .Edmond lying, Dr. Hatty Sampfon, Dr .DanielCox, Dr. Nehemiab Grew, Dr. John Mafias, Dr, Thomas Gihfon, Dr. Cbrifiopher Love-Morley, Dr. Brands Bernard, Jones. Garret, Licentiates;, Mr.J imon Wellman, Dr. William Sydenham, Dr. John Beak, Dr. Hicbard Brown, Dr. Praife Watfon, Mr, Ifaac Cbauncej,] IS, Edward Bell, 7bb 2 79 2S0 €fie l&efent state ThisColledge doth chiefly confift of Fellom and Cmlidutes : when any fellow dyes,or leaves this City the next Candidate fuccccds to make up thenumberof Fellows, which is always to be Forty, belidcsthc hings Phylitians. _ Thefe before their Admiflion, are Examined by'the Prefident and Centers, three fcveral times, with much flriflnefsandcarc mall para of Phyfick- . The Homiry-Fel'.oivs arc admitted fo into the Collcdgc, as to enjoy the Priviledges thereof, and to be called to Publick Anatomy-Meetings, but arc not called to the Collcdgc upon any days of Buhners, or ever anfultcd in any Af* fairs that relate to its Government. This Ti¬ tle of Honorary was firft bellowed on Tome wor¬ thy Phyfitians, unwilling or unable to come in by the right line cf Candidate'. The Licentiates l.kcwife enjoyed the Privi¬ leges of the Colledg:, but aic exempted alio from any part of tire Government. They ate inch, as being Aliens born, or having not toe Decree of a Doitor, or not fuff.cicntly Learned, arc judged unfit to be received i .to the number of Fellows, 01 Candid -cs, yet bccaufc the;, may he f i vice able to i„- puhiuk, and do good, at lea':!, in iomc k’ndof Difeafes; th yore, af¬ ter due Examination . and Appre bat ion of me Prefident and Ccr.fors, pcimitted, or Lmenun to Praflife. Anticntly the: fu.d Fee of a D. Ctor wasios. and one that had not taken that Degree 10 s. at prefent there is r.o e main Rule: but lome ihat are erniner i. tve r-.cciv d in Fees yearly two or three Hates; ' 2?2 €Ijc parent State of the Coliedgt of Heralds. TO- far from the Collate of Dodm-Cm■ -hat arc skilful in Delcei ts, Pedigrees, and C'oatsof' Aimorics ) an antient Houle, built by Thom ii Sunk], Earl of Dirty, who Married tire Mother of King //; w) VII. and bellowed by Queen Miry on the Kings Heralds, and Pur. faints at Arn s for cv.-r. to the cad that they and their S'.icc -Ifors, mghc dwell together, (if they To pkaf.d ) and AlTtmblc , Confer, and Agree for the good Government of their Fa¬ culty ; and that their Records might there be fafely preferred, tfr. They were made a Cclledge or Corporation by Charter of King Hicktri the 111 and bj him had Rveral Priviledges granted unto them; astobefrecfromSublidics, Tolls, and all trot- blcfome Offices of the Ki-gdom. Afterwards another Charter of Priviledges was granted unto the Soci ty by King FJmtl Kiw Jrmi. Amonsfi the Kings at -.mis, the firfl and Prin¬ cipal is callc 1 Gmer, inftituted by King Htrp the ! ifth, whole Office is to attend the Kmguts of the Garter at their Solemnities, and to Mm* 28)3 Part i. Of ENG LAND. (li.il. the Solemnities at the Funerals of ail the Higher Nobility of England, to advertife thofe r , , lia: a.echofcn of their ir w Eletliun, to call Gir,er - P'i them to be inllallcd at Wind'er, tocaule their Arms tube hung up upon their Seats there, to any the Gaiter to Kirgs ar.J 1’nnces beyond the Seas; for which purpofc, lie was wont to be joyaed in Cornmitlion with fome principal Peer of the Realm,Of. The next is Clarencieux, fo called from the Claren- Duke of Clarence, to whom lie firft belonged: ckux. lor Lionel, third Son to Edivid the Third, marrying the Daughter and Heir of the Earl of Vlfer in Ireland, had with her the Honour of Chre in the County of Tkomond ; whereupon he was afterwards created Duke of Clarence, or the Territory about Clare ; which Dukedom Efcheatingto King Edvard the Fourth, by.thc death of his Brother, George Duke of Clarence, he made this Herald, who properly belonged to that Duke, a Kingat Arms, and named him Clarencieux in French, and Clatentiut in Inline. HisOflicc is to Marflial and difpofe the Fune¬ rals of all the lower Nobility, as Baronets, Knights, Efquircs, and Gentlemen on the South- file of Trent , and therfore fometim: called Sumy, or Soutkroy. j' The third King at Arms is A Torroy Or Korth- Norroy. pi, "hole Office is to do the like on all the North fide of Trent. The two lad arc called Provincial Her alls, tyhni being by them divided into two Provin- 284 trnc TSiefent State Thefe by Charter have power to vifit Noble¬ mens Families, to let down their Pedigrees, to dilicguilh their Arms, to appoint Men their Arms or Enfigns, and, with Carter, to direct the Heralds. The li\ Heralds, anticntly belonging proper- J/eriUt. j tQ D ^ c .,;i,vc been fometimes named Duty It Arms, and are thus called and ranked: 1 . It 'irtifot, 4 . Somerfst. z. Richmond, I- Fork., 3 . Ckejler, 6. Ur.u\Ur. Whofe Office was anticntly to attend Dukes in Marlhal Executions: Now they are to wait at Court, attend publick Solcmnitici, proclaim War and Peace, r. thence perhaps named lit- raids, from two Camm Words, Huh ana Hull, that is, the Armies Champion to dc rouncc War, or offer Peac j as the M of the ^siruu'did, and from hence probablylc. ven Htmijh Kings, and lome Kings of Mrw/, and of Sueden, and fome of EngUni, before he Conqueft, have had the name of HmU, which is all one, (faith PerJIegM ) with Herrn. rurful. Of thefe Heralds in F.ngUr.i there were an- S. ticntly many, and fo lik.wife of T«*«* , whereof at prefent there arc but Four, thu. 1 . Rouge CroJJe, 1. ^ougeDr. ig«i. 3 . FoHcullice, 4 , Blewnwule. from fuch Badges heretofore worn by them, a, ‘ C Thc h fcrvicc of thefe, and of the Heralds,^ of the whole Collcdgc, is uled in Marflialh’f Part 2. Of ENGLAND. 285 3 jv] ordering Coronations, Marriages, Chrifl- rir.gs, Funerals, Interviews, Fc IL of Kings and Princes, Cavalcades, blmws, Ju!!s, Tmirna- mcr.ts, Combats before the Conflublcand Mar- foal, tifc. Alfo they take care of the Coats of Arm', of the Genealogies of the Nobility and Gantry; briefly, whatfoevtr concern' Honour is their care and Itudv ; they ate Ijnf.i.m Sj.- cmrum Cujiodes, £ Temfli Honoris Ji iiuti. All thefe receive annual Spends out of the Kings Exchequer. They arc all to he G ntie.r„n at lealf; and the fix Heralds arc exprefly made Efquircs by the King, wnen they arc erected Heralds. Antiently the Kings ofArmswere created,and Mcmnly Crowned by the Kings oCErghxd them- fclvcs.and the Heralds and Purfuivantshad their Creation from the Kings I-land: but e.f lattv times the Ear!-Mar(hal hath had a fpecial Corn- million for every particular Creation, to do all that was done before by the King. For the Creating and Crowning of Carter King of Arms, there arefirft to be provided a Sword and Book, whereon to take a Solemn Oath ; then a Gilt Crown, a Collar of SS’sa Bowl of Wine, which Bowl is the fee oft’ c new Cre¬ ated King; alfo a Coat of Arm - of Velvet rich- C(elt - m lyEmbroidcicd. Hi.-Creation is on this man- ,- r/v . r.cr: 1-irif, he kneels down bcfoic the Earl- Marlhal, and byingbis Hand on the Book and J- 1 Swot- 1 , another King ofArnii reads the Oath , rm ' wiiirh bcir.e taken, and the Beak and Sword, re-M aic read the Letters Patterns of bisOHix; -r.» w! ich the Earl-Marfhal pours the Wine cnl.is Head,gives him the name of tarter, then purs on him He Coat of Arms and Collar ol SS’s. and the Cr^wn on hi- Head. The 2 s 6 Cljc l?’cfcnt fetare The Oath is to Obey, Firlt, thcSupream Head of the mod Noble Order of ihc Garter, and then the Noble Knights of that Order, in Tuch things as belong to his Office: to enquire di¬ ligently ofall the Noble and Notable A£b ofeve¬ ry Knight. f the Order, and therefore to ccrtific the Regiflcr of that Order, that he may Re¬ cord the lime, and to give notice to the King, and the Knights of the Order, of the death of any of that Society: To lave an exact Know¬ ledge of all the Nobility, to inftrufl Heralds and I’urfuivants in doubts concerning the Office of Arms; to efehew and avoid all perlons of ill reputation; to be more ready to excufe, than to blame any Noble Perfon, unlefs called by Authority to witnefs-againit them, tfc, This Officer hath a double oalary, double to the two other Kings.and hath moreover Fees at the Inrtalmcnts; yearly Wages given given by the Knights of the Garter, hath their uppcrmolt Garment at their Inltalments, Cr. The tr.o Provincial King; of Arms, Cltm- eienx and Nortoy, are Created by J.cttcrs Pa¬ tents, a Book, a Sword, Cjc. as Gutter, and with almoft the fame Ccran nies. Crsitm A Herald at Arms is alfo Created with the (f tie like Ceremony, except the Coronet; only his Htttdis. Coat of Arms mult be Sattin, Embroidered, and enric'nt with Gold, and mult be brought in with two Her slit, as the Kings of Arms are by t wo Kings of Arms. They takeafolemn Oath to be true to the King, to bcfcrviccablc to Gentlemen, to keep fccrcts of Knights, Efquirc=, Ladies, and Gen¬ tlewomen;'to affilt didrefied GentluTrn 'and Gentlewomen, Widow; and Virgins; to avoid Of Tut- Taverns, Dicing, and Whorc-houfcs,tfe.Pnr- juretr.ts. faivants at Arms arc created alfo by Letrrs Pa¬ tents, Part 2. • Of EN GLAND, tents, a Book, a Bowl of Wine, and a Coat of Arms of Damask, and to be brought in, as the Heralds, before the EarI-Marfhal, or his De¬ puty ; and to fwcar in folemn manner to be true to the King, to be fcrviccablc to all Chrillians, to be fecrct and fober, to be more ready to commend than to blame, to be humble, lowly tfc. The greateft part of this Colledgc, is fince the late dreadful Fire Rebuilt, and the Libra¬ ry now kept there, beir g upon St. Bennets Hill, near DoRors-Commons, London, where arc fomc Officers of Arms always attending to fatisfy Comers touching percents, Pedigrees; Coats of Arms,(£c. as was formerly done at the'fbrc- mentioned Houfe there ; which Work'hath been thus far carried on at the Charge of fevcral of the Nobility, Gentry, and the Members of this Corporation ar.d (it is hoped •) may in a Start time, by the bountiful .Contributions of ill Men that have any fenfeof Honor, b^ corn- pleated, to the Glory of this City and Kiiig- I M the Members of this Coliedgt king the Ifjngs Jtrcrt! Servants in Ordinary, the Header may find a lift of their Names in the Firfl Part, about the firgs Court: which are here alfo exhibited in due Mer, being a trve Catalogue of their Names and Ofces m they now jland. KINGS. Sir William Dugdale, Kt. Garter, Sir Henry St. George, Kt. Chrenc'teux, Sir Thomas St. George, Kt. Norroy. HERALDS. of ENGLAND. . ■; i HERALDS. ' | Robert Devenijb. Efq; Tork. John Dtigdik, Efq; SFindfor. ■ ( : { Francis Sind ford, Efq; Lancajleri , _■ j Henry Dethick., Efq; Richmond. •., ' ■ Thoms Miy, Hq; Cbejler. Trims Btagbil, Efq; Sovierfet. PURSUIVANTS. Thomst Holfori, Gent. Portcullis. j Joia Gibbon Gent. Bkxominlle.,. . | Henry Bill, Gent. Houge-Croix. ..... Gregory Bjng, Gent. Bjsitge-Dragon. .. G reflyam-C olledge W ithin the Walls aUondon is alfo (cit¬ ed a Colledgc.builtbythe fore-men¬ tioned worthy Perfon Sic Thoms Grejham i: 3tii endowed in manner following ; After he had Built the, Boyil Exchange, lie gave the Reve¬ nue, thereof, the oneMoity to the Mayorand Commonalty of London, and-.their Succdfors; and the oilier Moifyfn».d»'e Company of Mer¬ cers in Trull , that the. Mayor and Aldermen fiiould find in all time to come, four able Per¬ rons to Read within this Collcdgc, Divinity, Geometry, Alfrononiy, and Muficlt, and to al¬ low to each of them, befide their fair- Lodging, 50/. a year, A .d that the Company of'Mercers ftiouldfind three more able Men, tu Read Civil Law, Phyfick, and Rhttorick-, and to allow to each one of them, befides fairLodings, ?o l.s year. And that thefe fcveral Lcfturcrs ftionM parent State then meet there. In this Cclledgc is a fair fpa- clous Library, built by frh Sjmtitn Morn St. Okves mrtjlreet, and one of the fold Dodlor White’s Executors, and by the Bounty of divert uenefaGors this Library hath been well for- Scd S Books. Chiefly fucli as are m ■ for Divines. ThisColledge felt the rageeftte ' late Fire, but is now repaired again. The Ch arter-Honfe. A Little without the Walls (lands anot tf Collcdge , or CoUegiatc-Houfe .called anticntly the Cbmeufe, now corruptly the chitta-Houk, it being heretofore a Covcnto| Cirthulhn Moris, in French, ties Cbartriusn This CoBedgc, now called Srnons m[jJ ■ confifls of a Mailer or Governour at p r mBUm Errtfue.Efq; a Chaplain, and femal i. thcrOfficers; alfoaMaflerand Ulhertoinltad Forty four Scholars; befides Fourfcorc dccaycl Gentlemen. Soldiers and Merchants who h all a plentiful maintainancc of Diet, ^ odg | Cloaths ai d Phvlick, tfc.. andlivcall togethj in a Collegiate manner, with much clcaiinj snd ncatnefs, and the 44 Scholars hate ffl . only ncceffaries wbilll they, are here Tag but if they become fit for the.Umverfities, t| is alfo unto each one, out of the y early R j rues cf this O Hedge , to /. yearly and dj ■paid for Ei-ht years after they come tod Ijnivcrf ty and to others fitter for Trades, tbJ • is allowed a confiderable fum of Money tobir* them Apprentices. 1 here are moreover * forts of Officers expedient for fuch a So - as Phyfitian, Apothecary, Steward, gj 2 ? Part ?.. of ENGLAND. E-jtlci', K’f. who have all competent Salaries. This vail Revenue, and Princely Foundation , was the foie Gift of Thomu Sutton, Efq; a lin- c,lrft:re Gentleman , and a Protcllant, and is fppeied to he fo great, as cannot be para- l:ilM by the Charity of any one Subjedt b. Europe, notwithftanding the great boafis of the EymnCuholkks. The Houfe coll him at firft li'iiteen thoufand pounds, and the fitting up for tl-.i; purpofe about feven thoufar.d pounds “ore, in all, ioooo /. and was endowed by him with -;ooo / per mum, which is fince improved w near fooo /. per mum. The founder dyed the iitb day of December I6u. and this his Foundation hath been ever fince kept intirc, rd maintain.d b, its own Revenue, without ±iir.i:.g any other Addition of Charity to it, ltd ms of l'uch high Account, as it was thought that, by the Kings Letters Parents under the Great Seal, divers Perfons of the higheff Dig stty an I Quality in Church and Statc,flbould slways be the Overfeers and R gulatorsof this ictiety. 1 heir number is to be Sixteen, and all vecarcics Supplied by the Eledtion of the re- raining Governours. Th: fever eil Names of the prefent Governors of the Cliarter- Houfe, itrey U ilium Lord Archbilhop of canter¬ bury. Heneage, Ear) of Nottingham , Lord Chancellor o England. Arthur , Earl of Anglesey, Lord Privy- Seal, 0 2 George 2J2 tjrijc p?efcnt State Duke of Buckingham. James, Duke of Monmouth. 7,;»?/, Duke of Ormond, henry, Earl of Arlington , Lord Cham¬ berlain. John Earl of Bridgwater, mlliam , Earl of Cmw». ^iJWys Earl of Shaftesbury. 'lb,mat, Earl of Vanby. Hwy, Lord Bifiiop of George, Lord Bifhop John,\ Lord Bifiiop of hocbejter. Tie rritcitA Ojf.cers of tie fil Hade, t Mr. John Mick, Chaplain, Dr. Walter Needham, Phyfitian. Mr. William L^htfoot, Rcgillcr. Kolerl nine. El'll R«ci«r. Mr. MM s P 6 “ r ’ Autht0 , r ' „ Mr. Thomas Wilier, Schoolmaller. Mr jr/llMwiauh^jEllEcr. Mr' Damel Aldridge. Reader. Mr. Nicholas Woe, Organilf. St. V.vtls School B Fi?cs there are in London divers■ EnJo ^ert h c'hooisMvhich in Fr ou ^ Collet's; as St. Pwl’rSehool. fourdul 5 ty j3»cki,Doaor of Divinity, andl*w part 2. Of ENG LAN EX. 2 p St, Pi'ils, for 153 Children to be taught there {Ml;!; for which purpofc he appointed a Ma- fler, a Sub-Mailer, or lllhcr, and n Chaplain, with large Stipends for ever,, committing the ovcrlight thereof to the Mailers, Wardens, and Affiants of the Mercers in London ; for his Fa- to Henry Collet, fometime Lord Mayor of Lon- h, wssofthe Mercers Company. This famous School was alfo lately burnt clown, and is now i:-cdificd in a far more magnificent commodi- us,and beautiful man"Cr; the worthy Ma¬ ins thereof, arc Dr. Thonw Gale, Mr. Pox. and ::i Mr. Pinner. There arc in London, divers others Endowed Schools, as Mercbinl-Tiilors , Mercers-Cb.tp- I'l.tfc. a particular Account whereof, the de¬ igned brevity of this Treadle will not admit. It would alfo make tin's Book too much level!, a give an Account of the many richly Endow- :i llofpitnls, Alms-Houfes, Work-Houlls, or doufes ofCorrection, ss that antient Hofpital 'SClriQ Church, St. Themis's Hofpital inJonti- wy irUervel firft Built by King Henry the lill. fur the Reception of the Emperor, Ch.tr cs StV. and divers others; alfo the many llate- ibuilt Taverns, Inns, and Colrce-I loul'cs, Tome thereof furpals all other s in Foreign parts; and teworthy to be viewed bycuriousTravclters, 'to may alfo find it worthy their pains, to re-' ink the fcvcral fpacious well-built Theaters, ihichfor variety of Scenes, excellent Actors, •wage, Dc(igns,Mufick,C»e. are hardly to be- lulled: Moreover, they may obferve the uny fair Market-plates, abundantly furnilh- 1 with all variety ofVflhialsiour times cyt- j"_ecli, the weekly Fio'rfe-FafirS,tlic great com* Aafnefi of Hicktny-Coachcs, of. Sedans, o 3 Of 2 9 4 cue I 3 ?efcnt State of Boats, c. The mighty chargeable and bean- tiful Work, rendring Navigable the fleet Brook, p. ( _ from the River Thames up to Holbirn-BrUp, the 1 curious Stone-Bridges over it, the many huge k ' Va-uls on each fide thereof, to Trcafurc up A’en’C.rfili-Coah for the ufc of the Poor. The cofilynew Tower of Bov>-Cb:trcb, which for Solidity, Beauty, and a Ring of Bells, is now probably oneef thebdlin Er.glard. It rites in -Bow- the m d lc of Cbapfile,and iscompofcd of foar steeple. 0 f t i ;c Orders of Building, which ihews thcraic invention of the Architect; the whole height of this Tower from the Ground, bcinguy Foot, ‘ and yet is but half fo high asthc intended Dome of St. Pauls Cathedral is defigned to be. The neatly wrought Conduit in the Market-place, at the Weft end of Zimbard-jbeci, whereupon S Jf Z- L is placed a very magnificent Statue of King t'srni- cblr,:s thc Sccontl on Horfeback tr* M m u P° n aD Encm >'> aU in «cellcnt White Marble,| Mirsti. a _v thc ro ) c co if an d charges of that worthyCf| tizenand Alderman of London, S\v Robert FmM Knight and Baronet; And that admirable pi«e| rfc Obi- cf Workmanlhip, now Ereaing by the CityJ ly. e ia at the Welt end of Ckatfie, where befaefei Phf'o Fire of Lesion, flood thc Cburcb of StM 9: ap chad in the Sup*. It is to be an Oebeln^A Wc< Guglio upon a Pedcftal; the Height^ whereof nj be i do Foot, and made m imitation of thole] antient ones which formerly adorned old « and flood in thc Circus Naonims, the Ctrm Aj gomlktfc. andfevcral of them now tobclecna Rome, particularly , thofe before the Ch of St. John of Lateran, St. Peters, Sum m Miggiore, Sima Maria del Popolo, and other: havibg been taken out of old Ruincs, and there fee up> about a hundred years agoq, by 2 S 6 Cije Relent state The City of Weftminfter. TkAbbp W ithin the Precinfh of Wtjlmhfkr are many Mtgntlti, fcvcral tilings as re¬ markable as any af. rc-mentiondl: The antien: (lately Abby-Cburch, founded before the A'tr- mitt Conqueit, by tb.c Pious King, E.Uviri tli: Cor.f.fTor.and mod richly Endowed ; afterwards rebuilt from the Ground by King Hemy the Iil, .ivjth that rare Arcbitcdlurc now (ecu, where¬ in arc the nil fiMagnificent; Tombs and Morj- mentsof our Kings and Queens, of rur great- eft Nobles, and famous Worthies of ErgU-i To theEaftendof which is added aChapp lef King Afrxry the VII. which, for the moft admi¬ rable Artificial Work without and within, for a Monument of maftic Dial's, moft curioully wrought, is fcarce to be paraildi’d in the WorlJ, Tlris huge Fabrick (lands on that, which was once the only 6rm piece of Ground in ji-r, formerly called TlcmtyijUni , where is laid to have been a Tempi Dedicated to Af oJ'«; and afeewards, the Juxea King Sebtrt, thelirll builder of St, Tunis aforementioned, built her: all j a Church to Jr. IVr.-r. And yet it is tie conj.dure of many judicious Architcfls, and Learned Anti'jinries, that the antient Srrnft- ure vet (landing, betw ixt Thkvir.g-Une or But- fire A, and the great Sm'hun, now imploy'i! only rs a Cellar lor Wines, called Eeecks Cd- las, might very probably have been that Church of Kina Seen-, it being made Church- wife, with a double Crol's, and the manner of its Building, certainly of greater Antiquity tbm any Tart 2. of E N G L A N D. ary other whatfocver about the City,tl.c Pillars ek very large, fqtnrr, and (hong ; but bearing no true proportion with the ref; of the Pabrick. the Arches Pointed , yet in nothing imitating either the Goikick .or ^twa*Building. Queen Elizabeth converted this Abby into a 3 C li.giate CTiuh, andtl.cicin placed a Dean. 2 97 1-eVn sail Twelve Secular Canons or Prebendaries, Oyf 0 - ur. Snunl’Mick., it Dr. Hent) Ijlhgmr. Dr. Robert Sunk'. Dr. Grorge Sird ing. Dr. Thsm.tr Spratt. Dr. AVtl:o.'.tf Only. Dr. JdnKortb. Dr. j-UUm Uitlrtcrt, Mr. RJcLrd shejkv. Dean To which number tlie prefent Dean a" his a it coming to this Dcanty,added a Thirteenth, w sJi.Peter the Patron,which " as an equal iTiP.rc tfib: allowd by the Twelve Prebendaries, There arc two Sehoclnuftcts of (hat Re¬ nowned School arul Celledgc.The Vair.ct.sar.i O T teamed CotVCCL' tins. CJje parent state Learned Dr Ki^rd Busby and Mr. — Ktiite ; Alfo Ten Ofheers belonging to the Col- ledge Forty Scholars, commonly called Aw Schohrs, who being chofcn out of the School, and put into the Collcdge, arc there maintain, cd and as they arc fitted for the Umvc.Cty, are EMted yearly away, and placed with con- fiderable Allowances, in Cbnjl-Cburcb, Oxford, and Trhny-Colldge , C mb'idge. There arc alfo Twelve Alms-men, Bcfidcs Stewards, Receivers, Regifters Collcdtors, and other Officers, with a plentiful Maintenance for all of them. . , , The Principal of thefe Officers is the High Stewar d of tVelimirller.who is dually one of the prime Nobility,and was the late Lord Chamber¬ lain. The Dean is intruded with the cnftodyof the Regtlia at the Coronation, honoured with a Place of neceflary Service at all Coronations, and aCommifiion of Peace within the City and LibcrtiesofHVjfmwJrcr. TheDcan and Chapter is invefledwith all manner of Juiildiflion.bothEc- defiaflicaland Civil, rot only within the City of Wejlmitjler ,but within the Tree, nils of ft Mdrliis It Gun*, within the Walls of Lodm, and in fomc Towns of Zfc*, exempted m the one, from the Jurifdtflion of the Bifhop of london-, and in the other, from that of the Archbiftiop of Cmterbury. For Ecckfiaflical Can res,and rrobate of Wills, it hatha Royal Jnrifditfion, Dr. Kjchrd Lit}! is Commifiary, from whom Appeal mull be only to theKing in HisHighCourt of Chancery, who thereupon iffucth out a Commiffion ot Dele¬ gates under the Great Seal of England. When the Convocation is Adjourned from St. Ttuls (for the convenicncy of bc ‘ n S n “ r “ to the Parliament) to WeQmivjkr, tire Bilhops Part 2. of ENG LAND. 2^9 firrt Declare, (upon a Protcflation made by the Dean there) That they intend not thereby to violate that High Privelcdgc, viz. That no Bi- jlwp, or Jrchbifiop my come there without the lave of the Deen firjl obtained. There is alfo a fair publick Library, free for all Strangers to Study both Morning and After¬ noon always in Term-time. Next this Church flood the !{ojal Palace,The Pa. and ulual place of Rdidcncc for the Kings of lace. England, who ordinarily held their Parliament and all their Courts of Judicature in their Dwolling-Houfcs, ) as was done atPariiby the King of France, in the Iflc de Kcftre Dime, and is done at this day at Madrid by the King of Spain) and many times fate themlclvcs in the laid Courts of Judicature, as they do Kill in their Court of Parliament. A great part of this huge Palace, was in the time of Henry the Eighth, dcltroycd by Fire, what remained hath dill been employed for the ufe of the Lords and Commons AlTemblcd in Parliament, and for the chief Courts of Ju- hcature. The great Hall where thefe arc kept, preftmin- fomefaywas built by King others jferHaiJ. by King Fjchard the Second, about 300 hundred years agoe, and for all dimenfions. is not to be eauall'-d by any Hull in Chrillendom. Moreover, Strangers and Foreigners may take notice of the extraordinary commodioufnds, convcnicncy and fituation of the preient RoyaL Palace, and ufual place of Refidencc of oKWhitehel, Kings, tailed ivhitehal, belonging heretofore to. Ordinal Woolfey, feated between a Noble Na¬ vigable River, and a molhlclcftablc and fpa- cicas Park full of great Varietits; of the great Chamber there, tailed the Banquetjng-baufe, they £{)e i^cfcnt ©late t'-'c like whereof for fpacioufnefs, beauty,Prim ••"C, and exadt prop- ' r;r ’' nnKirip- in huriu ire, anci exact propi mi u, nurui't in parallel; of Jlbemir!e-Eioitfe,'‘'.hkh(or(iti\- ation, and an uniform folid Strudture, is ad¬ mirable; of Su'w-ffeufr, of the many flately uniform Piles in St. June j’s Fields, of Mi.* livgford Houfe, and Konhv.berhr.d-Houfe, and of Eriuins Burk, or the New- Exchirge, a place excellently furnilhcd. with all kind of choice Co mmctlitics and Wares For Lad its o(SiUibur)- Boufe, and of the Sivoy, a vail Building, hrlt crefted bv Eerer Earl of Sivoy and Htchmvi, Uncle to Ekmr, Wi'c to curbing tfewytte Th.ird, who after purchafeil the fame for her Son, Edmtr.d, Duke of Lircijlcr. and is now a famous Hofpital, built all ot huge Stone, and more like a Kinss Palace; of another Royal Palace called Somerkt-Heu'/, built by Fdvitl Duke efSemerfet, Illicit-to King Edward the Sixth ; of ledterd, leiccllcr, Kewfort, Mom.- U'uc, and Jmif.rrfrwi-Flcu.esj of the far Inns of Court; of the uniform ftately Build¬ ings; and fore-mentioned large riizzi’s.or open places ( for which the Cities in Italy arc lo high¬ ly cftccnr.d) in Ccvcr.-Gir.lc* , Lir.colr.s-In- Fields, and Sctitkimfloti-Fuildirgs : in Letctfhr- Fields , in St. fame's Fields , Moor-Fs:IJs, and now in Jr. Giks's-Fields ; I.allly, the mar.j large wcl'-furr,ifhccl Markets, rs Leidtrt Hi-, Stocks, Miltsiren, Knvgate, Clare, Sou thin -p tor., St. A.Li'rs, mjlmiejler, luirgerfcrd, FnA- Markets, and. the great Market of SmitljieU fc-r Hrrbs, Oxtr„ Sheep, (TV. which arcrn.t tote equalled in any of our ncighbcur-Ccuntrcys- _ ^ ' As for the Borough of Smr.hwark., granted Kirp Edscird the Sixth, by his Letters Patents to the Mayor, Ccm-r.or.alrv, znl Citi/ers ot Itido'i. called the Eridge-Wird without, ard Covcrr.sJ Part i. Cf ENGLAND. 301 Governed by one of the Twenty fix Aldermen of London, it hath nothing much remarkable, on1y that it is fo rich and populous, that it pays more in a Subfidy to the King, and Muiiers more Men than any other City in EngitrJ be- (ides. A very confiderablc part of this Bur- rough was lately burnt down by a dreadful fire, which had once feized the antient great Church of Si, Sk'wuts, but by great induflry was preferred ; and row thofeStrcctsare beau¬ tifully Re built, after the Regular manner, which has been obferved in London, Lafily.Very remarkable alfo is theChampaigne or Countrey on all fide', of this great City; Ihr the number of the Royal Palaces, the mul- titu ;c of (lately Houfes, and Gardens of No- hitmen; the innumerable fa r Summer Dwel¬ ling-1 loufes of the wealthy Citizens, the ples- i;r.t fertile Meadows, inclofed Paflures, s:..l Corn-Fields; the abundance of Numerics and Seminaries, where are ro be Sold all forts of Irrit-Ticcs, Flowers, Herb*, Roots, as well for Pi.yfitk, as for Food and Delight: the frequen¬ cy, p. ptilocfncfs, and wealthinefs of the V;l- hg"'.: wherers tlx Campaigns ab„ut and Mdrid arc marc like Defarts. The Arms of the City of London, arc Argont a Crrjs Cuks, with the Sword of St.Ptui, not the Dagger of Wi'.li.miVilrccrtb, as fomc have c matted; for this Coat did belong to the Ci¬ ty before Wihwth flew n'ai T)!er the Rebel, as Learned Antiquaries affirm. 1 he Pnviledgcs and Immunities of this fa¬ mous City, Granted by feverai Kings of Erg- hod, and forfeited by the late horrid Rebel¬ lion, wcrcGracioufly confirmed by HisMajelf/ now 3 02 £Ije Parent State now Reigning, without their firft fubmitting thcmfclves, Life and Member, and all other things belonging to the City, to the Kings Will, as was done to His Predeccllor King Henrj the Third, after they had been in Re¬ bellion againft him, as is before hinted. Of Part 2. of England. 503 Of the V ah' a-fit if s of England. T HE EttgliJI) Univcifities arc fo famous be¬ yond the Seas, and fo much lurpafs all ethers in the World, that they abundantly de¬ ceive a larger account than can futc with the ('cltgned brevity of this Manual; however, they (hall nut bcpaflld over in filencc. Nothing was ever devifed more Angularly be¬ neficial to Gods Church, and Mans Happinefs, than what cur Anccliorshave, to their eternal renown, performed by felling fuch vafl Rcvc- racs, and crciting fuch admirable Struflures for Learning, as our Univcrfitics do contain ; end by providing thereby that Men cf choice parts, after rcafonablc time fpent in contempla¬ tion, may be called forth to Aft and Practice in Church and State. In the beautiful Fabrick of the Kingdom of Irtfird, the two Eyes arc the two Univcrfitics, Oxford and Cambridge, thofe two Nurferics cv Seminaries of Learning and Religion, which, for Number and Magnificence of richly Endowed Colkdgcs; for liberal Stipends to all forts of Publick ProfefTors; for well furniihed publick and private Libraries; for large Charters, Pri- vilcdgcs, and Immunities; for number, and reality of Students; foresail Difeiplinc and Order, are not to be parallell’d in the whole World. They were antiertly called Academies, from a Grave fo named near Athens, whither Plato, iterates, and other Philofophers retired, for li:t Study o(Sciences, ■ 504 « Weilt @tflte Of latter times they have been filled Vnivtr files. A profcjf one Vniverfalium Sciemiarun S Artiumlibenlium. AnUnivcrfity is now properly an hcotpm. tha (under one Government) of many publick Schools, ordained cfpecially for the Study and Profelfion of Divinity, Civil-Lave, and Pbyfi\_, and alfo of Thylofopby, and of other Liberal Sci¬ ences and Arts, as Handmaids to the former. „ - r Oxford, quafiOusford, Jfiditf r aium j the name * 3 ' of the chief River whereon i: is feated, otper- ha p s f rom Bevit Vaium, a Ford for Oxen topafs tord ' through before the ufc of Bridges; as Tbuc'm Bofpkerus, fignifying the like, is by theGermi ■ called Octexfurt. -It is feated at the meeting of two dear Filhy Rivers, in fnch a healthy Air, and pleafant rich Soil, that- it hath anciently been called, Sillef- tHtn Selltfis, or Beaulieu. It lies y i Degrees, 41 Minutes Latitude, and about ii Decrees Longitude, alrnoll in the fam: Climate with that mod antient famous City andUniverfitycf Aliens', tha’once fruitful Mo¬ ther, and careful Nurfe of many Arts and Sci¬ ences, and beneficial Inventions. Oxford was a place of publick Studies above 500 years ago,and much augmented (nor found¬ ed) by the Learned Saxon King Alfred, hath been very anticntly reckoned the Second Vniverfi; among the f>ur principal of Europe, whereof the others arc Tans in Trance , Bcxonia, now called Bologna in Italy, and Salamanca in Spait s and although TarU hath ufually been named ill ' the firfi. place, yet it hath been acknowledged to be Oxoni 1 Propago ; and if l'ar it for a. time was more flourifhing, yet fincc, in many, re- fpsdis, ’cis excelled by thisof Ox/orrf. . ■ • Part 2. Of ENGLAND. Oxford is an antient City, ccnfifting of two forts of Inhabitants, viz- Students and Citizens, living one amongfl another, though wholly fc- paratefor Government and manners: for when foiincr Kings of England perceived that they could not ( as at Paris ) he feparated by a Ri¬ ver, they theughe bell to tlisjoyn them, as much as might conveniently be, by Privilcdgcs and vholc manner of Government; fo that there arc not the fame limits; for the llnivcrbty have them much larger; not the fame fboke and authority of Jufticc, or power of Magiilrates: for the Chancellor of the Univerfity, and in his abfer.ee his Vice-Chancellor is no: only in place, bat in all affairs of moment, (though concern¬ ing the City it fdf) lupcrior to the Mayor of the Town. Nor arc they Governed by the fame kind of I.aws, for all Members of the Univerfity, are ftbjeci to the Vice-Chancellors Judicial Courts; which sre ruled wholly by the C:vi!-Law. Over the Univerfity, next under the King, is p'accdthc fore-mentioned Magilhatc,called thei Chancellor; who is ufually one of the Prime Xcbi'ity, and neareft in favour with the Sove¬ reign lb incc, circled by the Students thcmfelvcs in (.onvocation, to continueiifftwiev/J.*. whole Oif.ee is to take care of the Government of the win le Univerfity, to maintain the Libertiesand Prlvil dges thereof, to call Affer.iblics to hear and determine Controverfics, to call Courts, punilTi D liuquents tfc. This great Honour is enjoyed at prefent by, Jaraej Duke of Ormond, Lord Steward of the. Mugs i otidiokl. , The next in Dignity anio angfl the Officers of 3 c 6 fc&cl&cfcnt State proved by the Univerfity, and is alfo duriee viu, whole Office is to all-.it the Chancellor, "Vice-Chancellor, and Prcdlors, upon theirRe- niiclls, in tl c execution of their Places, alloto hear ami determine Capital Caufes. accordmg to the Law s of the Land, and Privdceges of the Univerfity, lo oft as the Chancellor ihall require him. This Honour is held by fohn Earl o. rice- The Third is the Vice-Chancellor , who is Chineel- yearly nominated by the Chancellor, and iscoir.- lor. monly the Head of fome Coliedge: His Duty is in the Chancellors abfence to do whatever almoft the Chancellor might do if he were prefent. Moreover, he takes care that Sermons, Le- tfurcs, Deputations, and other Excrcifcs, be performed-: thatHcrcticks, Fanaticks.Noncon- formifls, Pandots, Bawds and Whores, Or. be expelled the Univerfity, and the convert with Students; that the Prodtorsand other Officers and publick Servants of the Univerfity, da y perform their duty; that Courts be duly called, and Law-Suits determined without delay : in a word, that whatever is for theHonour and I ro- fit of the Univerfity, or may conduce to tne ad¬ vancement of good Literature, may be carefully obtained. The prefent Vice-Chancellor, is Dr. Timih) Hilton, Provoft of Queens Colti^ Froilors, Fourthly, the two Proftors, clioen every year outofthe fcvcral CoHedges by turns,tneie arc to a (fill in the Government of the Univcrli- ty, more particularly in the bufinefs of Scho- lafiick Excrcifi.5, and taking Degrces,in L arch- lag after, and punifhing all Violators of Statutes or Piviledges of the Univerfity, all Night- walkers, tff. Their Office is always to wait oil the T ice- Chanccllor in Publkk, doing what belongs to his Place, and at his Command to feizc any De¬ linquent, and carry him to Prilon, to fimimon anv, topnblifh the calling of Courts or Con¬ vocations, ;c8 Clje parent State vocations, to co-cluft Preachers to Church, of Lecturers to School, OT. Upon more folemn times and occafions, there is a feventh, that carries in his hand a Silver Rod, and is thence called the Merger, who, with .. ell the other fix, walk before th: Vicc-Chan- eit' Cr ' a ' rlor ’ and is ready to oblcrvc his Commands, “ U and to wait or. Gram! L ompmr dcrs, tfc. Other public!: Servants of Icfi note, lhall be pafTed by, Privi- Many Kings of EiypWhavc been great Fa- leiges, vour is of Learning, and cftccmed it tieirHe. nour tn aive or enlarge their Priviicdges of the Univerfirics. By Charter of Eimrd the Third, the Mayor of Oxford is to obey the Orders of the Vice- Chancellor, and to be in fubjeftion to him, , The Mayor, with the chief Burg-lfcs in Ox- ~“f . ford, and alfo the High Sheriff of Oxford]},ire, Ajjcr. every year in a folemn manner take an Oath, given by the Vice-Chancellor, to obf rvc ami conferva the Rights, Priviicdges, and Liberties of the Univerfity of Oxford. TtWi- And everv year on the day of Jr. SchoUBici , ledges. being the Tenth of Februiry, a certain number of rhe principal Brrgclfes, publickly and Iblcmn- 1)' do pay to each o c a Penny, in token of their InbmiTion to the Orders and Rights of the Uni- verfiry. No Viftuais to be taken by the Kings Pur¬ veyors, within five miles of Oxford, lmlcfsthe King himfeif conies thither. King of happy nv mory, honoured both Univerfitics with the privilcdge of fending each two PiurgelTesto Parliament. It is none of the lcail Priviicdges belonging to the two Univerfirics, that they arc fi:b;cdt to the VifitationorCorredfionofnonebutthe King, part2. Of ENGLAND. $op King, or whom he Ihall plcafc to Commiffio- By Charter of Henry the Fourth, it is left to the choice of the Vice-Chancellor, whether any Member in the Ui.iverlity the: c inhabiting, atcufed for Felony or High Treaion, (hall be tryc-J by the Laws of the Land, or by the Laws and Culioms of the Univcrlity, [.hough now, where Life or Limb is concerned, the Criminal is left to be Tiycd by the Laws of the Land. No Students of Oxford may be fued at Com* r,:n-L.:m fur Debts, Accounts, Contradts, In, juries, OV. but only in the Court of the Vicc- Chan-cllor, who hath power to determine Car¬ les, to Imprifon, asafordaid, to give-corpo¬ ral punifhment, to excommunicate, to lulper.d, and to bar.ifh. Antiently in Oxfir.l, as now in Leyden, awl ma¬ ny other Llniverfitics beyond tne Seas) the Students, without any diftindtion of Habit, li¬ ved in CitizensHoufes, and had Meeting-places to hear Lcdlurcs, and Difputc. After that, roiHees there were divers Houfesfor Students only to live together in Society, (as nc in the hits of Comt, and of Chancery at Londonj and thole places were called either Inns , from the Saxon, or Hofiels from the French, and at prefent arc named Halls, where every Student lives whcllv upon his own Charges, until divers bountiful Patrons of Learning, in their great Wifdom, thought belt to fettle frever, pf ntiful Re¬ venues in Lands and Houfes, to maintain in hedging, Diet, Cloaths, and Boots, fucli Stu¬ dents, as, by Merit and Worth, iF.ould from time to time he chofcn, and to fcttlclarge Sala¬ ries for Profeffers to inllruft them, and fora Head to Govern them, according to certain Statutes and Ordinances, made by thefaid Pa- 3 10 &0c jpjefcttt State tronsor Founders. Anil thefe arc called Col- 1"Jecs whereof thcnrft thus endowed in Eu- rope were Vniverfiy, Balicl, and Merton Col¬ leges in Oxford, all made Collcdgcs in the Twelfth Centurv, after the Birth of Clinlt; although Vniverfiy Colledge hath been reckon: cd a place for Students, ever fince the year Eight hundred feventy two, by the Royal Boun- t v of ouraforefaid Sixon King Alfred, and was antiently called the Vniverfiy Colledge , where •were divers Profcflbrs, and all the Liberal Sci¬ ences Read. . ' Of fuch Endowed Collcdgcs there arc in Ox- -ford, Eighteen, and of Halls ( where with the like Djfcipline, Students live upon their own Means,only excepting fomc certain Exhibition;, or annual Ptnfions, annexed to. Tome one or two of them.) there are Seven; ofall which, the Names-.and Governors as they arc at pre- lent, this is the true Lift. Jbe Cchdges and Hah-in Oxford, with the Names and titles of their refpe&ive Governours. The Collctlges are Eighteen. ^ Hrif-Churd, L- Bifhop of Oxon, Dr. Cell, mnidlefcoWcAoc, Dr. Henry Clerk , Prclident. ■ Kew-Colledge, Dr. John Beef on, Warden. All-Souls Col. T)r, Thomas James, Warden- Merton Col. Sir Thoms Clayton, Warden. CormCbrifti, Dr. Upbirt Keroliny Prefident. Queens Col, Dr. Timothy Hatton, rrovojt. St. Johns, Dr. IF;//. Levtnz, Prefident. Trinity Col. Dr. /(alph SathurJl, Prefident. Part2. Of ENGLAND. Irazen-Kofe Mr.- Meat, Principal, Oriel Col. Dr. Thoms Say, Vtovoli. Wadham Col. Dr. Gilbert Ironfide, Warden. Lincoln Col. Dr. Tho. Marfhal, Potior, Vniverfty Cul Mr. Obed. Waller, Malter. Exeter Col. Dr. Arthur Bury, Rcdtor. ■ Mol Col. Mr. John ft nr., Miller, fefits Col. Dr- Lloyd, Principal. Eimbrook., Dr. John Hall, Mailer. The Halls are Seven. Magdalen Hall. Dr. Levett, Principal. Edmond Hall, Dr. Stephen Penton, Principal. Albon Hall Dr.- Bourcbier, Principal. New Inn, Mr.- Stone, Principal. G/otirejlrHall, Dr. Eaton, Principal. At. Miry Hall, Dr.- Crouther, Principal. ftrrHall, Dr.- Lanfye, Principal. Thcfe Colledges have within their own Walls Lcdlurcs, Deputations, all Profeflions, and Li¬ beral Sciences Read, and Taught, and in Come of them, Publick Lefturcs for all Comers,and large Salaries for the Readers; infomuch, that they feem fo manycompleat llnivcriities.andarenoc inferior to fomc, in our Neighbor Countrcys. Lipfxt ( whofcTelfimony among the Learned is very confidcrablc ) faith of one Collcdge of Ox¬ ford in his time, what might be raid offomco- thers there, and in Cambrige , Non credo in trbe terrarum extra Arglium ftmile ejfe, addam, cut fuiffe: Magnx illic opes & veeligalk, sc. I'erbo vis dicam, ur.um Oxonienfe Collegium (rem niuifrA) fuperat vel decern noftree. of ENGLAND. the Names of the prefent Proftffort and Lcttttrers in Oxford. R Zgius Pr oft (Tor of Vivixity-'Dr.lVill.fati. Margaret,TtokSor of Divinity, Dr. Jcia p e ms, Profc(Tor of Pby/ick., Dr-- Fufff .Brews Profcffor of CiviJ-i.iw.Dr.- Sou rebit. PitLIick.Oralor, -- Mr- Watt. HggiM Piofclfor >.f the Oriental Tongues, Dr. Samuel Focock, HegM profeffor of the Creek. Tongue, Dr.if* Anatomy Reader. Dr.- Fufe. J?e, ier J FF,fiery, Dr- Fampre. Rsaier of Natural -bilofopby, Mr Thoms Milling- Allrcnomr Reader, Mr. Edward Barnard. Reader of Moral Pbilojepby, Dr. Saptijl Lemz. Bcuxick. Render, Di.- Morifon. The whole number of Students in Oxford, that live upon the Revenues of the Colleges, arc about One thou land; and of other Students about twice as many; bcfiJcsstewards. Nan* rinlcs, Butlers. Cooks, Porters, Gardener:, There wcrcanticntly in this Umvcrfity,be¬ fore the hounding of Collcdgcs, I wo bund Hofpitia Studioforum, Inxs-JJoftcU, or Halls; d asAmubam writes, there were Thirty tbo- usAmacbanut writes, there were Thirty ’ tbo*’ land Students; and twenty miles round OxjM, were by the Kings of England fet apart, h* Provifion in Viftuals for this City. ,. The Difciplinc of thele Colleges and H- ,, is far more exaftand excellent, than w any ^ ' e ‘ reign Univcrfity. p: ;; r Part v of ENGLAND. 3U Firft, all tliat intend to take any Degree, are to take their Diet and Lodging, and have a Tu¬ tor conftantly in forae Collcdgc or Hall: then they are to perform all Excrcifcs, to be fubjcdl to all Statutes, and to the Head of the Houfe. Next, they are to be fubieft to the Chief Magi-’ Urate of theUniverfity, to perfbrmpublickEi- crcife, and to be fubjedt to the publick Statutes thereof. They arc to fuffer themlclves to be Unit up by nightin their feveral Houfes, They are never to be feen abroad out of their Cham¬ bers, much lefs out of their Collcdgcs, with¬ out their Caps and Gowns, an excellent Order, no where obferved in Foreign parts. butinJa- hmxcs, Alcsls de Henares , called in lathe, Cmfluium, and the reft of the Univerftties of !fain, and in Commits, and Evors in Portugal. Their Gowns arc all to be Black, only the Sons efthe Higher Nobility arc herein indulged; and all Dodtors are honoured with Purple, or rather Scarlet Robes, which antiently were allowed only to Emperors or Kings; but now in Evghtid, bdidcsthc Xjng, all Feen in Par- limext, all Doflers in the VtiverEties, all Mayen mAGmrmrs of Cities, and all the Principal Judges, arc at certain times cloathed in Scar¬ let, The Degrees taken in the Vtherfty, are only two, viz- of Bachelor and Msfler (for fo they arc antiently called, as well in Divmy, Lav>, and Thyfick , as in the Art s.) At prelcat, the Degrees in thofe three Profcftions, are called hchehrt and DoSots, only in the Art>. \ Ba¬ ttel or and Mailer. , Every year at the Aft. or time csfconiplcat**.^- «g the Degree of both in the three Profcflions and Arts, ('which as always the Mm- after the Siithof «u:>) there are (oak* r r«- cue State ! s^fe^ssj*' ssafe«; sasi^rawssi' 33iS,s^B|. Sioned Degrees, beeaufe .t .s much n in the Univerfity, before the taking or cn .0 mtneunrv b fc lt lS muc h longer mentioned Degree , p nrc :„ n Univerfr i tercbeSldown note particuMl. . to f 5 °J ,be Miller of Arts. Arts. itii os 1 > •.AtviA'-A into four Terms, tfcc •I*" srs:‘45£?is? sas«SS SSsaSSSc vocation think meet. vocation think meet. . «^ s ,r«» B Part 2. Of ENGLAND. 3iy Divinity ; and then four years more is requiffte, before the Degree of Dodtorcan be had. _ , To take the Degree of Ditlor of Lias, the Dodor more ordinary way is, in three years after Mi- • £|W * (hr cf Arts, one may be capable of the Degree of Bachelor, and in four years more of Doctor of Lias: the like for Dodor in Phy/ick.- ThcExercifcs required for taking thefe De- Exttcife) pees, arc many, and difficult enough ; yet not luck, but that may be performed in Ids time, by any Men of good abilities: But it was the ti’ifJom of our Anceftors, fo to order, that be¬ fore thofe Degrees were conferred upon any, and they allowed to pradlife, they might fir ft pin Judgment and Difcrction , which co.res with Time and Years, and perhaps, that thole of (lower parts might, by Time and Intluftry, sake thcmfclvcs capable of that Honour, as well as thofe of quicker Abilities. To fpeak now particularly, of the moft mag- Magnify- n ficcnt and ftately Publick Schools in Oxford, cerce of of the large Salary to each Publick Frofefor, Oxford . of the moft famous Bodkin Library, that for a Noble Lightfomc Fabrick, number of choice mks , choice Manuferipts . divcrlity of LM- piget, liberty of Studying, facility of finding my Book, equals, if not lurpaflcs, the famous Pitkin: alfothc many other excellent Libra¬ ries belonging to the fevera! Colledges. To fpeak of the curious Arebitefture, and vaft charges of the Mew Theater, Fabricated by the moft inge- TbciHt, nious Sir Chriflofher Wren, at the foie Coft and Charges of the moft Reverend Father in God. Gilbert, the late />rchbifliop of Canterbury, for the ufe of Siholiflick, Exetcifss, and of the mold excellent Frhtir.g-Ftejfes there. To fpeak of the Beautiful , (olid Stone Buildings, Cbifpels, Ms, large Revenues, admirable Difeipline of P 1 fcvcral Parent state fewrat Colledges • excellent aceommodatiMfer vour.e Noblemen and Gentlemen, Helps, and Allowances for poor Scholars, CSc. Todeftr.be fh'Sddigi^i pubiick bcundine with variety of choice 1 lanes, and furrounded with (lately Stone m is, at thefolc Expenccsof the Right Honourable .Thorn Earl cf Dtnbj, would require another Volume. Of Cambridge. W Hat hath been faict : maybe raid of her Sitter Cmbrilp, which for JhtiiuUi't. Gracious Beautiful Colledges, large Venues, good D - (citline, number of Students, plenty of D)Ct,ioi Learning!" S ^omplS^ Ac''will at any other Univerfity of the Chviftun World. The Univerfity of Cambridge, in lomc few particulars, differs from that ofOxf«i -i. P The Chancellor of Cmbnige (at pec Cbriliother Duke of Jlbcmorle ) isnotfo durn t via, but may be Elcftcd every three icar>, Ml man in eodem officio Arare senms Conub,. He hath under him a Comm fary, who holds a Court of Record of C ml Carnes, for all Priviledged Perfons and Scho¬ lars under the Degree ol Matter of Arts,"™ all Caufcs arc Tryed and Deit«imncd b the („ vil and Statute Laws, and by the Cultoim the Univerfity, Part 2. Of ENGLAND. 3 , ? They have alfo a High Steward, chofen by the Senate, and holds by Patent from the Univer- firy, is at pref.mt the Earl of Craven. The Vice-Chancellor is at prefect Dr. Natbi- Fice- tiel Coga, Mailer of Pembro'ee-Hall: This High chancel. Officer is chofen every year, on the Third 0's lor. November, by the Senate, out of two Pcrfons nominated by the Heads of the fevcral Colledgcs and Halls. Here note, That the Halls at Cam- bridge are endowed, and priviledged as the Col- ledges, and differ only in name. The two Proflors arc chofen every year, as at Oxford, according to the Circle of Colledgcs rro ‘ lc,s and Halls: they are for this year, Mr. fain Term Senior Proftor, Fellow of Peter-PJoufe, and Mr. Samuel Bowles, Fellow of Trinity-Hall. Tlvrc are chofen after the fame manner, two, calk'd Taxers, who with the Proftors have a re of Weights and Meafurcs, as Clerks of the Mar¬ ket. The Cuflos Atchivotum, or Univer(ity-R:gi- XeoiRii Her, is Mr. Matthem Wir.ne. There are alfo three tfjuirc Beadles, Mr. John Peer, Mr. William Worts, Mr. Hugh Marlin ;and one Yeoman Beadle. This Univerlity, for the encouragement of p r j v ;. Students, hath alfo divers Privikdges Granted hy f-'veral Kings of England, Every Michaelmas ' ° day, the Mayor of the Town of Cambridge, at the entrance into his Office, takes a Solemn Oath before the Vice-Chancellor, to obferve a! confervc thcPrivi'cdges, Liberties and Cu- flonjs of this Uunivcrlity. Moreover, on Friday b.foi c St. Simon and $ude, at a Magna Congregi- ' m'niorum, there called the Commencement,^^ wherein the Mailers of Arts and the Doftors ^ of all Faailtics complcat their Degrees rdpedt- ivcly ; and the Bachelors of Art do theirs in Lent, beginning at Afmednefday. Cambridge 320 C&epicftut State Cambridge lies in yi Degrees, and 10 Ml- nutes Northern Latitude. Both thefe Univerfities are placed two cafic days journey from the Capital City of London, and about the fame dillance from each other, Thefe are the two Glorious Fountains of Learn¬ ing, to the Fame whereof, Forreigners come on Pilgrimage to offer up Honour and Admiration; and yet, even thefe had lately been like to be dried up, by the over-heated Zeal of Tome ig¬ norant Fanaticks. „ Thefe are the chicfcfL Store-houfesof Letter¬ ed Men, which fend forth yearly a greatnum. ber of Divines, Civilians, Phyficians, ©e. to ferve all parts of this Kingdom. Trinciptl To fupply thefe great Storehoufes, there are Schoolsof] n fevcral parts of England,Gnunmir-Scooolt, England, whereof the principal arc dr. Poult, Weflmnjjtr, WinebeQer, Eaton, Mercbont-Tojlors, the Chit- ■ ter-bottfe, all richly Endowed, to maintain Ma¬ ilers, Uibers, and a certain number of Scho¬ lars; fo that a Child, once admitted into thefe Schools, if he become capable, may at length be preferred to be a Scholar, or Fellow in force Colledge of one of thefe Univerfities, andwi ■want little or no affiftancc from his Parents, all his lifetimeaf cr. of Befides thefe, there arc of late Gromsr- Schools. Schools, Founded and Endowed, in almoll eve- ry Market Town of England, wherein the Chil¬ dren of the Town are only to be Taught gratis, without anyotherallowar.ee. Butin the mul¬ tiplying oft'hele Schools, it may be doubted, whether there appeared not more Zeal than Prudence; for the Parents of fuch School-Boys, not able to advance them to the Univerfities, all the refr, befides Reading and Writing, be- tones ufckfs and the Youths by Eight or Ten Part 2. of ENG LAND. years lazy living, rendred unapt for the labour, belonging to the more profitable Plough, and beneficial Manufadures, ul'ually turn either Serving-men, or Clerks to Julliccs or Lawyers, whereby they learn much chicanery, they be¬ come cunning Petty-foggers, multiply Law- Suits, and couzcn their Countrey : or if perhaps they arc fet to Trades, the little fmattcr- ing in Learning, got at the Gummir-School, ren¬ ders them commonly proud, lliff-necked, felf- cor.ceitcd, unapt to be governed, apt to em¬ brace every new Dodrine, Herelie, Schifm , Sect, and Fadion; or in cafe their Parents arc able to put them to the Univerfity, yet for want of fufficicnt maintainance, and rcfidcnce there, they get only to be half-Learned , and thereby a propenfity to Preach Fadion,Scditi- on, andRebdlion.tofeduccthofethatare more ignorant than thcmfdvcs, as was evident in our late unhappy Troubles, where it was obferved, that the Seducers were generally fuel), as had beer, from thofc Murket-Latine-Schools, advan¬ ced to be cither Commoners or eervitors, fora (horttime in the Univerfity, ("and not Fellows ofColkdgcs) and the Seduced, ordinarily fuch as from tlrcfc Schools became afterwards Shop¬ keepers. or Petty-foggers. If fuel) had been endowed with more,or perhaps with Ids know¬ ledge, they had probably been much more Hum¬ ble, Loyal, andObedi-ntto their Gnvenrours, both Civiland Ecdcfiaflical: And therefore the late King of Spin, conl'ulting with his ablcll Counfcllors of State, for a general Reforma¬ tion of Matters, that were found , by experi¬ ence, tobe inconvenient and prejudicial to bis Kingdom, after mature deliberation, came to this refolurion, Thatamongll other abul'cs, the treat number of Countrey Guinvur-Schools , P } fliouU, $S2 €?jeP?efent©tate ftiould, by a folemn Prematica , or Oriinantt bccliminifned, and the Childrens time better employed at Manufa&ures, Trades, Husbandry, tie. Bcfidcs, upon ferious confideration.it will be found, that England is over-flocked with Scholars, for the proportion of its Preferments, and for its employments for Lettered Perfons, whereby it comes to pafs, that too many live difeontented, longing for Innovations and Chan¬ ges, and watching for an opportunity to alter the Government both of Church and State. Ingland Thus the Reader hath had a fmall Map of a sbebeji huge Monarchy, the moftjufland eafic that ever Ordered any People lived under, and many ways more Stateix happy than that which the great and good World States-man, Philip Comma, fo much admired in his days, when he declared (after he had much commended the Policy of the Venetian Com¬ mon-wealth ) that amongft all the Scigncuries an the World, England was the Countrcy where the State was befl ordered, and where there wasthekaft violence and oppreflion upon the People. And although the paft State of England, im¬ mediately before the late mifehievous Rebellion, may be fa id to be in fomefew circumflanccr.morc happy than the prefent State, as in a general conformity to the Religion eflablilhed, CJc. Yet as that State furpafled the Felicity of all the States both Antient and Modern, in the whole World; fo' that the Prefent State of England doth in divers confidcrablc circumflances, fur- pafs even that State; confidering amongft other things, that fince His Male flies Rcftauration, by his tranfeendent Goodncfs, we have had, or at icaft now hare, No more Tenures in capiie ; No more Purveyances ; No more denial of Habeas Corpus No mors Vsreajmhle PrettMons fa Part 2. Of ENGLAND. Veits ; No 7//egd/ Impactions or 7Vx« ; Ho Forced Benevolences or Zmwm; Ho Monopolies, or unbeneficial Projells ; No Forced Billeting of Soldiers', No Cm/j, and Codull-Money ; No for¬ est Knighthoods-, No Skip-Money ; and of latr few or noTaxcs at all: So that it maybefaidof th ; s Kings Reign, perhaps molt juflly, than that of King Solomon, i Kings 4. and JjthVer. And ]at\zand Ifrael dwelt fafely every Man under bis Pine, and under bis Figtree, from Dan eitn to Bcerlheba, all tbe days of fjng Solomon'. 1 33 € ■ 3 24 tE&epitftnt State Of the reft of Hit Mqepes King¬ doms, Dominions, &x. a: Brief Account was inttnded to be given r\ of all the reft of His Majcfties.Kingdoms, Dominions.Countreys, Territories, Plantations and Places, which fhall be rcfervc t d ^, r o ^°J opportunity: onlyatpretent, mMifftluo, M follow a Catalogue of all the Governors, con- liituted by His MajeHy in Foreign Parts; toge¬ ther with all the Ambaffadors, En'oyo, Re- fidents, Confuls, and Agents, at this tunc em¬ ployed abroad. . , Scotland After£«;«J,thc antient Kingdom ofJCOr- Scotland. lANDhuhthc p rcc cdcncc, the chief Governor whereof, under HisMajcfty, ,s ''' c D° rcl , HIG h „ COMMISSIONER of SCOTLAND , who, by that Title, enjoys the ordinary Power and Au¬ thority of a Vice-Roy, and is at prefent H.s Royal Highncfs, f AME S Duke:of TORf, who hath all along, until his late Happy Return into Fn$lMl executed the Tame, to the general fatisfaflion of that whole Nation. T Hc next is tlx Kingdom of ICELAND ,the Governor whereof is his Grace the Duke ofOtmoni, whoby the Title ofLord-Licu.cia , is as Vice-Roy of ICELAND m\ lives wih more Splendor am! Grandeur, than perhaps any other Vice-Roy of Europe ; which Government now, during his laid Graces (lay here in Erg it , and till his return thither, is committed by .he King, to the charge of the Right Honourable the tarlof Arun, his Grace’s Son, who is the pre- tint Lord Deputy, Other Part 2. Of ENGLAND. Other Dominions belong totheKing of Erg. hml, which either for number of People, or large extent, may as well deferve the name of Kingdoms, as divers Countreys which under the King of Spin, have long enjoyed that Ti¬ tle, as Kew-England , Virginit, Jsmici.Vc. but our Kings have never attcftcdthofefwelling Titles. Of Jerfey and Guernfey.. T He next and neared are His Majcflicstwo fmall I Hands of Jer/ty and G«r»/ey, ly¬ ing near the CoaHs of Eur.ee, with two lelfer, Aldemej and Jerk?, being the only Remains ot the Dukedom of Nomindy, now in His Maje- llies poffcir.on, in both of which, generally, is Hill retained theFrcnch Tongue. ft,fey, the biggcH of the two, though not above Five or fix and thirty miles in ccmpafs is a moll fertile Soil, producing all kinds ot Grain and feveral forts of good Fruit, efpc- dally Apples, of which they make great quan¬ tities of Cider; 'Tis well Hockt with Cattle, particularly Sheep, furnilhing the Inhabitants with great llorc of fine Wooll, which imploys molt of the Poor in making Stockings chiefly fent oVcr into Trance, their nearell Market. HisMajeflies Governor here,is that experienced Soldier, Sir John Lmtu who refides in Crfk- Elizabeth, a ltrong Cattle, feated on a Rock, which Commands the Harbor. There arc Three Companies of Foot at pre¬ fect here, the firft is the Governors own^thc 32 5 other two are Commanded by Major Hent] Bode, the Deputy-Governor, and Captain Charles Mnmpring. For the Civil Government of this Ifland, the Principal Officer next to the Governor ii the Bayliffe, Sir Phiftp Ctrtret, and under him are Twelve Juftices or Jurats, who with the Bay. liff, Admin ifter Juflice, and determine allCau- fcs’and Controvcrfies, of above the value of One hundred Crown : Other Petty Matters arc decided by c • of thofc Juftices. They can Appeal to England to the King and Cour... cil. The bell Scat in the Ifland, is St. Mm fcclonging to Sir Philip Ctrtret. The Ifland of Guernfej lying about Twenty miles diftant from the former, is well defend, cd with Rocks as that alfo is, and is notmueh t kfs in quantity, but is fomewhat inferior in j the richnefs of the Soyl, which hath this rare quality, That it nourilhes no venemous Crea¬ ture in it. Both of them are furnifhed with great variety of Filh. The pleafantefl Seat in the Ifland, is de Granges, belonging to- The Right Honourable Chrijiopher Lord Baton is His Majcfiies Governor here, who hath three Foot Companies under his Com- mand; the firft of which is his own, the other two belong to Captain George Linhton , the Deputy-Governor, and to his Lordlhips Bro¬ ther Captain Charles Hatton. The Government is in all refpefts like thatof rferfa, by a Bayliff, who is Sir Edmond Andros , and Twelve Jufliccs or Jurats. They have alfo the fame Appeal to England, to the King and Part2. Of ENGLAND. His Majefiies City and Gar~ rifon of TANGIER in AFRICA. T A N G 1E ^ Antiently TING IS, was a confidcrablc City, and Principal Colony of the Romans, as by fame of the Re¬ mains of its former Greatnefs and Magnificence arc now to be fecn; particularly, the Ruines of a flatcly Aguaiud ; the fevcral Medals found in the Earth, and other Monuments of An¬ tiquity there; From this City the whole Pro¬ vince took the Name of Mauritania T'ngi - unit. ’Tis commodioufly fituate in BARBA RT, at thcMouth of the Streigbts ; and has thiscon- vcniencc, That from thence is furveyed that whole In-lct into the Mediterranean, from one Shore to the other, as well the Spanijb as the African ; fo that no Ship can Sail in, or out,, without being difeovered; and from whence we may have the opportunity, and advantage of Attacking our Enemies, as they pafs by us. After this important Place had been poflef- fed by the Pertugefes, for almoft the fpace of Two hundred years, it was delivered up to ilis Majclty upon HisMarriage with the Queen, as a part of her Dowry; and it has ever fince been cficemed very confidcrablc for its Situa¬ tion, not only for the advantages we have from thence, of annoyi g our Enemies, and ■ ths ihcltcr there for our Merchants on all oc- cafions; C&ePjtfent State cations; but alfo for all the convcnienrics of Tra'le in general with other Nations, which i; the Life of Ours; infomuch, that His Majclly has been at a conllant great charge ever lincc, in Building of a large Mole, w-hich when t rilhed, will make us able to Command the whole Stnigbts Mouth: He has alio kept acon- fidcrablc Garrifon in it, to prelcrvc it againl! the continual attempts of the Moors. But at that judicious and experienced Sea-Commander, the late Earl of Sandwich was wont to fay Could TANGIER he Wall'd and Eomfei with Brils, it would cafly refiy the Expence. Now after the late vigorous and chargeable War, wherein His Majeftics Forces there, have fo bravely and fucccfsfully acquitted them- Pelves (notwithftanding all difeouragements) we have gained fuch Credit, and there is fo ■good an underfiandmg between His Majclly, and the Emperor of Morocco and \ Fez, by the Ambafltics from on both fi , dcs > vantagious Peace is Concluded and Ratified which is wilted may be of a long continuance. And as the late Exprefiion of this Ambafiador was to a Great Perron of this Kingdom; Test this Amity between Bis Majefty of Great Brit¬ tain, and the Emperor his Mafer, was « yet but like a Child in its infancy, out be hoped that u it advanced in Age, it would tncrea\e in flrengtb, tiU it attained to a Perfeam, and would [o con¬ tinue, betwixt the two Nations to perpetuity. The Civil Government of this City is like that of one of our Corporation-Towns here in England, by a Mayor, Aldermen, and a Recor¬ der. The prefent Recorders Name is-■ tfor/cw/.Efq; part 2. ' Of ENGLAND. A Lifi of His Majejiies For¬ ces that are now remain¬ ing in T A N GIE R, this prefent Month of June,i 682. His Majefties Governour of this City and Garrifon, is his Excellency Colonel FlERCT K1RKE-, who bythe fame Patent under the Great Seal, is alfo conftituted Vice-Admiral of the Coafts there. 'Ibere is a Batalioit of the Kings Guards of Foot , Commanded by Co/.Sackville. 7be Captains Names are , C Aptain Bowes, Capr. forttcj, Col. Talmiete. Capt. Xjrke. Colonel Kirke the Governor■, bis oxen Regiment of Foot. The reft of the Officers are, Licutcnant-Colond Bo)Mn, Major-General Lefty Capt. 33® E&e l^efent state Capt. Giles, Capt. Char. WttgfitU. Capt. St.Johns, Capt. White, Capt. ms. Capt. Talbot, Capt. How, Ctyt. Mohw, Capt. Geo.Wing field, Capt. CbiWlh Capt. lather, Capt. G»], Capt. Matthews, Colonel Trelawny bis Regiment of Foot, Lieutenant-Colonel Cbmbil, Major Richard Pope. Dpt. Tijfeitj, Capt. Stroud ; Capt. Ttclamj, Dpt. savin, Capt. For, Capt. Aneflej, Dpt. Gtifjin, Capt. KHjJel, Capt. Soutkuit, Capt. Culliford, Capt. Hidings, Capt. Roo\$* Capt .Chivert, 7k Part 2 . Of ENGLAND. The Right Honourable the Lord, Dumbarton, his Regiment of Foot. Sir Jama Hacl^et , Lieutenant-Colonel, Major Archibald Duglas. Capt. Mchil! f Cap t. Murrey, Capt. Hobett Dugins, C apt Mrc\ley, Capt. Monroe, Capt. Vruuhmt, Capt. Lundy, Capt. Fork:, Capt. Lauder, Capt. Celegrove, Capt. J(olh, Capt. Courtney, Capt. Hume, Capt. Porrees, Capt Moncricfe, Capt. Calf eld, Capt. prefion. Captain Hodges Captain of a Company of Granadiers. Jbere are alfo Four Troops of Horje , Coir.~ manded by Capt. Ltngjlon, Capt. Kathy;, Capt. Ccje. Capt. Micktmj, In 332 Clje ^efent State In Guinea His Majelty hath-- His Majefties Territories in America. Of Bis Bajefties Territories in America, thefe are the pre¬ fect Governours , viz. in Hero Er.glmd, - Cmfe’.d, Bi, Govcrnour, nreinis. The Right Honourable, The. I^ CVepeprr, Governor, and Sir ffenr) CiiMf, Deputy-Governor. MityUrd, The Right Honourable join Lord Biltimore, Govcrnour. tftmiici. Sir Thomm Lcr.ch . newly gone to fuccceJ the Right Honourable CHARLES,] Earl of Cirlifle, who was late Captain-W-' ncral, under whom Sir Henry Morgan Licutcnant-G; rural, and Sir Fmcis-imp, Major-General. Birbdos, Sir Bjdirl Duttcn, Kt. Govcrnour, Birmidos, Sir Henry Hijdon, Govcrnour. Part 2. Of ENGLAND. Nm-Torl^, Sir Edmond Andros, Govcrnour. The Leeward-1 finds viz. * Col . sic WlUim Su . Si. Chrsfifters, News,! fkm , captain- Monffem, Anguilla, 3cc.S General,and Chief from Porto Ejso to Gua-K Governour. iahtfa. ) Eimfomd-Land,——— - Ctrolina, Petflvar.il, Mr.- Penn. Prefidents in the Eafl~ Indies are at Bombiiti -- Tort St. Georges, Mr. Gifford. Sunt, Mr. Child, lately gone, and Mr. Eglt returning home. imam, Mr .oper. A of ENGLAND, A Lift of His Maje* fly of Great Brittain His federal Minfters now lading in For - reign Courts; with their refpeCthe Characters. I N France, Richard, Vifcount Prcjlon, Envoye Extraordinary. In Spain, Sir FFcnry Goodrich., Kt. Envoys Ex¬ traordinary. In Sweden, Philip Warwick. , Efq; Envoye El- traordinary. In Denmark, none Gncc the late Lord Bodmin, deccafcd. In Portugal, Charles Fan[l;aw, Efq; Envoye Ex¬ traordinary. At Cerfiantimple, Jatnes lord Chandiis, Am- bafador. Part. 2. Of ENGLAND. In Holland, Thomas Cbudlcigb, Efq; Envoye Ex¬ traordinary. h Flinders, Sir BjcbuiBuljlrode, Kt. Refidcnt. At Florence , Sir Thorns Derebm, Kt. Er.voyA Extraordinary. To the Elcftor of Stxony, ^ Princes of Lunenburg, and / Bevil Siphon, ETq; of Brunfmck, the Lanci-S Envoye Extraor- gravc of Hefe-Caffel, and \ dinary. the Hans Towns. J To the Eleftor of Branden-") £i mr d -Poly, Efq: burg, and at the C'onfe- > Rjfidcsit. rcnccat Fnrcfort. j Ills 33S C&e l&efent State ffi Majefty «f Great Britain His Confulsm feverd pdrts of the World for the English Jfation. ! Portugal. St. stbifli*. M*' Mot Z M ' Sivi iu, st. Luar, AyirntM, &c. Ttoiw ctUzM Fo,, ° dt SMi mria ‘ slr emu, Kt. mm.Mcr.k c. Jlichrd P^rvhM Antm =27 Part 2. df ENG LAND. Alicante, Tb'tms Jeffreys, Etq) " Cmtkgena, Mr.- Henry Pettii. Ssrceloni, Signior Dmingo ie Rocs. Cmurks, Mr. Rfchard Owen. France. Bsyott, Mr. Jofa Weftcmb, Mirfeilles, Mr; Robert Ltng. Italy. Gems, Mr. John Kjrkje. Legbrn, Sir Thrnss Derehsm. ■ ■ Naples, Mr.- D ivies, Mejfma in Sicilia, Mr. Thorns Ball. Venice, Mr.- Hobfon. Turkey. Zir.tc, Mr. Tenlitvis. Smyrna, Mr. I Viilitm J{ay' fuant to the Act of Parliament, who receive the whole produce of the Excite, and pay it into the Exchequer; and are Judges of the Differen¬ ces between the Kings Gagers and me Brewers, for which they receive tool, frr annum _ cadi , and are ob'igcd by Oath, to take no Fee no. Reward, but from the King only. The S\ •s of the fiid Comrrrjftcncn Sir Denny Afrburvhitn, Funds Furry, Hfq= late HL M-a.-eHics Agent in Firtugil. Major Robert Huntington, Chirks Divenint, Doftor of Laws. Capr. EdmonHVingi'e. From thefe there lies an Apnea! to other Commilhoncrs, called the Commifl.cntrs of /ff- fell, who arc Four, viz. Sir Ftul Neil,Kt. Chirks Fir,jb»v>, Efq; - ■ Didingtott.ECq; Mr,---- ‘ The Part 2. Of ENGLAND. 343 The Salary to each of theft is Two hundred pounds per annum, each. The Head Office of Excize is in Broadftreet, and the Jurifdidtion of the Commiflioncrs'is in ail London , and Ten miles about. The Excize is at prefent under Farmers and Managers, who agree to pay the King a certain urn of Money yearly for it, and arc account¬ able for the Overplus. The Chief Manager and Farmer of the Ex- (i:e, is George Dtjhmod, Ef