Printed for tiu use of the Clergy only. 
 
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 A FOR Missions to Indians. 
 
 fatlQ and ^uggeiB^tions for a a>fecour0e. 
 
 SUBMITTED FOR THE USE OF CLERICAL FRIENDS 
 
 OF INDIAN MISSIONS. 
 
 NEW YORK ; 
 
 church URESS COMRA.NY. 
 Ill EAST NINTH STREET. 
 
 1872. 
 

 
 
 
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New York, September, i8p2. 
 
 Rev. and dear Sir : 
 
 The Indian Commission, recently appointed by authority of the General Convention, and charged 
 with the conduct of Missions to American Indians, is constrained to claim, through its Executive Commit- 
 tee, the assistance of each Parochial Minister in the Church. The aid of the pulpit is necessary to remove 
 the prevalent indifference towards Missions to our home heathen, and to incite all who profess and call 
 themselves Christians to assist in saving our Indians by prayer and by liberal offerings of personal service 
 and of money. In the furtherance of the great work committed to its care, the Commission urgently pleads 
 with all Clergymen in charge of Parishes to preach a sermon on Missions to Indians at some early day. 
 If it is not possible to take up a general collection for this object, it is hoped that individual contributions 
 will be solicited and the formation of Parochial Organizations promoted. As some Rectors may not be 
 familiar with the present condition and prospects of our Missions to Indians, a condensed summary of facts 
 and arguments is submitted, to aid in the preparation of a sermon, or for delivery in its present form. 
 That this plea for Missions to Indians may have freshness in the pulpit, the request is made that it may 
 not be published in any other way. 
 
 By order of the Executive Committee, 
 
 HEM AN DYER, 
 
 Chairman. 
 
 The undersigned, having Episcopal jurisdiction over the existing Indian Missions, affectionately urge 
 upon all the Parochial Clergy of the Church a prompt compliance with the reasonable request of the 
 Executive Committee, as, in the present exigency, the whole Church should come forward to aid in 
 Christianizing our home heathen. 
 
 H. B. WHIPPLE, 
 
 Bishop of Mmnesota. 
 
 R. H. CLARKSON, 
 
 Bishop of Nebraska. 
 
 W. E. ARMITAGE, 
 
 Bishop of Wisconsin. 
 
To the Clerical Friends of Indian Missions. 
 
 Secretary of the Indian Co^nmission will be glad to visit Parishes 
 (not too remote) where this Sermon is tised, and present to Congregations a 
 statemeyit^ illustrated with maps, &c., showing the latest aspect oj the work, 
 and personal details of interest, either as a supplement to the discourse, or a 
 separate exhibit, as our friends may prefer. Please address, 
 
 E. C KEMBLE, Secretary, 
 
 2 2 Bible House, New York. 
 
A Plea for Missions to Indians. 
 
 St. Matthew, chap, xxviii., ver. i8, 19, 20 : “And Jesus came and spake unto them, saying, All 
 power is given unto Me in heaven and in earth. Go ye therefore, and teach all nations, baptizing them in 
 the Name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost : teaching them to observe all things 
 whatsoever I have commanded you : and, lo, I am with you alway, even unto the end of the world. 
 Amen. ” 
 
 Tiie-se: closing words of St. Matthew’s Gospel pledge the power of onr Divine Lord 
 to the Christian Church, that it may etfectually disciple all sorts and conditions of men. 
 As this Church claims the highest Divine authority, its members are thereby obligated 
 to manifest the jiresence of the spirit of Christ by the most active Missionary life. 
 Although the progress of Christianity seems to be slow, yet it is encouraging to know 
 that the Gospel is being preached and taught by bur Church, with increasing zeal and 
 efliciency, to the hitherto neglected classes in our cities, and that it is being illustrated 
 and made acceptable to the indifferent and to the prejudiced by works of mercy wrought 
 in Christ's name. The Mission life of the Church is evidently becoming more effective, 
 for the poor and suffering, even the most abject, are, to a greater extent than hitherto, 
 sought out, visited, spiritually nourished, and gathered into the Christian fold. Through 
 such means, faith in the power and presence of Christ in His Church continues to 
 strengthen, as was seen at the last General Convention, when it was determined to put 
 forth systematic and persistent efforts to reveal Him and His salvation to our long- 
 neglected Indians. 
 
 The few zealous disciples who were toiling in this field were cheered by the an- 
 nouncement t hat this heathen people, the original possessors of our whole country, were 
 to receive the consideration of the entire Church in our land ; and surely the memory of 
 past neglects should quicken our zeal for their salvation. When a people, in full pos- 
 session of God’s revealed Word, enter upon the occupation of a country inhabited by 
 heathen, they are bound to illustrate to their less favoured brethren the beauty of holi- 
 ness, and to teach them from the Book of Life. This obligation has, in the case under 
 consideration, been intensified, and its binding force on the Church increased ; for. 
 

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 instead of giving the Gospel to these Indians, this so-called Christian people has intro- 
 duced among them immorality and diseases before unknown to them, and wea.kened the 
 restraining intiiiences of their superstitious rites without giving them the benetits of our 
 holy Religion. What so damaging to Christianity, so disheartening to those engaged in 
 foreign Missions, and so well calculated to till the mind of heathen in otlier lands with 
 unbelief in the true Religion, as the demoralization and deterioration of a heathen 
 people by intercourse with those who profess and call themselves Christians. That 
 most of the Indians in the Cnited States have degenerated in proportion to their inter- 
 course with white people, is admitted by all intelligent observers, and it is therefore 
 asserted that Indians are incapable of being civilized or benefited by Christianity, and 
 consequently that they are doomed to perish. This unsound and therefore unfair rea- 
 soning is natural to those who are corrupting Indians and exciting them to hostility, that 
 they may take possession of all their land ; and it is also natural that such unprincipled 
 men should try to ])opularize this pernicious idea ; hence the importance of considering 
 the subject under the following heads : 
 
 First. Can American Indians be civilized now ? 
 
 Second. Are they ready to receive and to |)rotit by Christianity 
 
 Third. What is the present duty of otir Church towards Indians? 
 
 First. Can American Indians be civilized now ? 
 
 It is not i)r(>i)Osed to consider wliether the civilization of our Indians was possible 
 when they were free to roam over an illimitable space, and when the fields and woods 
 and waters supplied all their Avants ; or when by force or fraud they were being driven 
 from the hunting grounds and the graves of their fathers, by a civilized people ; or when 
 their supply of food and raiment was being curtailed by the progress of civilization ; 
 or when their annuities were being mercilessly filched from them by men respected in 
 civilized society — for ])lundering Indians was not considered criminal ; or when this 
 Government was inciting Indians to fight against their brethren of other tribes, perjDet- 
 iiating the deadly feuds which, with white men’s vices and diseases, have reduced the 
 Indian population of this country. If, under such circumstances, Indians were slow to 
 realize the advantages of civilization, is it to be wondered at ? and ought we to despise 
 men who prefer death to slavery ? 
 
 The question is. Can American Indians be civilized now, vrlieii the Government has 
 reformed its Indian service ; when it is exerting all its power to be just and even merciful 
 to Indians ; when it is placing them on Reservations and assuring to them a permanent 
 title to farms ; when it has recognized the principle that a civilized people, depriving an 
 uncivilized people of their natural supply of food and raiment, is under an obligation 
 to supply the wants of the uncivilized, until they can be incited to self-sujiport ; and 
 when it is lending its power to drive from Indian Reservations all immoral and dishonest 
 
Digitized by the Internet Archive 
 
 in 2016 
 
 
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5 
 
 persons, and has actually placed these permanent homes of the Indians under the con- 
 trol of the religious bodies of the land % 
 
 This beneficial change has been so recent that its full effects are not yet visible ; but, 
 as soon as the Indian was inspii’ed with hopefulness, his improvement became more 
 rapid than the most sanguine of his friends anticipated. Practical illustrations of their 
 civilization abound in the Indian Territory, where whole tribes that once despised all 
 favouring influences, are now successful herdsmen and industrious farmers and mechanics, 
 and have adopted the educational system and the habits of civilized } eople. Our 
 (jliurch is, however, more immediately interested in the capacity for civilization of the 
 (several tribes of Dakotas and the Ponkas, placed by the United States Government 
 under the care of our Missionary organizations, and in the Chippewa and Oneida In- 
 dians of Minnesota and Wisconsin, where we have schools and missions. Bishops, Pres- 
 l)yters, and lay members of our Church, and other visitors to these Reservations, testify 
 that all of the Indians who are settled on arable land are progressing satisfactorily in 
 civilization, because, through Christian influences, labour has been dignified, and the 
 chief obstacle to progress thus removed. The ca})acity and disposition of these Indians 
 for civilization liave been severely tested ; for, instead of passing them through the inter- 
 mediate stage of herdsmen, they are obliged to abandon the honour and the excitement 
 of the war-path and the chase, and, frecpiently with very imperfect implements, to culti- 
 rah^ a soil which too often gives inadecpiate returns, because subject to drought and the 
 1‘avages of grasslioppers. Even thus embarrassed, many Indians who were once the 
 fiercest warriors or the wisest chiefs are now the most successful cultivators of the soil 
 and tlie fartliest advanced in civilization. The process is often very gradual. They 
 begin by dignifying the use of the plough as manly, and oblige their women to use the 
 hoe, and then they gradually learn to engage in all manual occupations, 'fhese Indians 
 are now becoming deeply impressed with the belief that a civilization like that of good 
 white people is their only hope ; therefore many of them plead for teachers and for 
 industrial schools that they and their children may accxnire a x>ractical knowledge of all 
 that will imi^rove their condition. The progress of the large tribe of Yankton Dakotas 
 within three years has been most satisfactory. Many of them have built log-houses, 
 and are introducing into them the ai^x^liances of civilized life. Polygamy is being aban- 
 doned ; and woman, instead of being the slave of man, is, with the Yanktons, beconiing 
 his intelligent partner. Adults as well as children attend school, and manifest much 
 fliligence in acquiring the English language, as well as in learning to read and write in 
 the Dakota dialect. The chiefs of this tribe have freely offered their first-born sons to be 
 thoroughly educated on the Reservation or sent to college, at the discretion* of their Mis- 
 sionary. Bishop Clarkson thus writes of two of them who were sent to the college at 
 Nebraska City : “In the closing exercises of the school our two Indian young men, 
 
 (Charles Framboise and Philip Deloria, took part, and elicited particularly the interest 
 

 
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 and applause of the audience. They are preparing for the holy ministry, and intend, if 
 God spares their lives, to be Missionaries to their own people. Both of them took the 
 college prizes for ‘ Sacred Studies,’ and the President and Faculty commend them as 
 models and examples to all the scholars, for devotedness, reverence, and Christian con- 
 duct.” 
 
 The effect upon these lads was so apjjarent that a young Yankton chief, whose baud 
 has made the least progress, has determined to go to the same college, that he may be 
 theb etter prepared to perform his duty to his people. 
 
 The entire tribe of Santee Dakotas has progressed so far that they have the respect 
 of their white neighbours, with whom they will compare favourably in temperance, in 
 virtue, and in industry. The chiefs of several powerful tribes of Dakotas not j^et fully 
 settled on Reservations, have pledged themselves to become leaders in the w'ork of civ- 
 ilization as soon as their people are permanently located. The fact that American 
 Indians, when favourably located on permanent Reservations, can be civilized with the 
 aid of Christian influences, is capable of demonsti’ation, even to the most sceptical ; 
 although it must be admitted that patience and perseverance will be required before so 
 l adical a change can be wrought in all of those committed to our care. 
 
 Second. Are they ready to receive and profit by Christianity ? 
 
 In answer to earnest prayers now being ottered in the fulness of faith, the Holy 
 Sim HIT is evidently making the Indians under the care of our Church increasingly ready 
 to receive and profit by Christianity. The Oneidas of Wisconsin are craving more Gospel 
 light and instruction. The Chippewas on the White Earth Reservation in Minnesota 
 have so fully profited by the Christian instruction of their Indian Presbyter, that most of 
 them have abandoned the war-path, been willingly shorn of their scalp-locks, and clothed 
 in the garments of civilization. Their Bishop and a large number of Presbyters and lay 
 jieople testify that these Indians have received and profited by Christianity. Other 
 tribes of Chippewas, seeing the beneficial change wrought in the Indians on this 
 Reservation, are, with tears in their eyes, earnestly pleading that Christian Ministers 
 and teachers may be sent to them also, as the only hope of their people. 
 
 The Ponkas were for years pleading for Christian Ministers, and when at length 
 one was sent to them, they received him cordially, and are evidently improving under 
 his ministrations. In a general Council recently held with the Ponka Indians, their 
 principal war chiefs spoke of this Missionary and of his woman helper in terms of the 
 highest commendation. These Indians told of the merciful acts performed by their 
 sympathizing Christian friends to the sick and sorrowing ones, showing how, through 
 such agencies, their hearts have been prepared to respond to the claims of our holy 
 Religion. 
 
 Most of the Dakota tribes under the care of this Church now believe that its emis- 
 

 
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 !<aiies are the children of the (treat Spirit sent to do them good ; whilst they say tliat 
 other white men, who came to them in former times, almost invariably did them harm. 
 
 That the Santee and Yankton Dakotas were ready to receive and prolit by Christi- 
 anity, has been testified to by intelligent eye-witnesses, some of whom were so sceptical 
 before they had examined for themselves, that their testimony may be considered con- 
 clnsive. Wapashaw, the head chief of the Santees, the fourth in the succession of 
 chieftains, is an intelligent, firm, and zealous Christian, and his first-born son is the 
 leadei- of the band of Church Catechists. The five members of this tribe who have 
 €-ntered the sacred Ministry evinced simple faith in Christ, and a most ardent and intel- 
 ligent zeal for the salvation of their brethren. (Jne of them asked why the Gospel net 
 should not b(‘ extended until it encircled the whole Dakota nation. The benefits of 
 (diristianity to the Santees were so a])parent that their neighbours, the Yanktons, were 
 still more ready to receive it. The progress of our holy Religion among this tribe, even 
 before their Minister coidd preach in their language, was so rapid that it seemed like the 
 recurrence of Pentecostal times. The Lower Brulos, the Yanktonnais, and leading men 
 of the tribes on our Cheyenne Reservation have given unmistakable evidences of their 
 readiness to receive theGosi)el. Even the warlike Ogallallas and Upper Brule Dakotas, 
 have, through theii- chiefs and warriors, expressed their readiness to welcome Christian 
 ^linisters. Many hearts beat with a strange emotion, and many ej'es were suffused with 
 teais vhen the noted war chiefs of these tribes for the first time entered a Christian 
 rhuich, and untreated that their ])(H>])le might be taught from the Book of the Great 
 S piRn . 
 
 Red Cloud's ])h*a, made at a church in Brooklyn, was responded to by a pledge 
 from a Christian man that the Ogallallas shoidd have a church as soon as they were 
 settled on their Reservation. Spotted Tail, the chief of the Upper Brules, spoke in 
 Philadel])hia for his large delegation, and a cultivated Russian ladjg then present in the 
 church, was moved by the Holy Spirit to offer herself as a Missionary to our Indians 
 She is already in the field. The lueparation of the hearts of the Indians, under the 
 <me of this Church, to receive the Gospel, is now so a})parent that many a breast has 
 btMui inspired with a faith that incites to action. 
 
 'LhirO . AVhat is the present duty of the Church towards Indians 
 
 Special jirayers have been unceasingly offered to God b}^ the Church, evidently with 
 increasing fervour, for the Chief Ruler of this nation, and in response thereto he claimed 
 the help of our Missionary societies to aid the Government in civilizing and Christianizing 
 the Indians. Although the acceptance of this offer to place certain tribes under our care 
 may not have increased the obligation of the Church to teach and to disciple our home 
 heathen, yet it gives a definiteness to this work, and a facility in its performance, which 
 heli)s the faint-hearted, and is well calculated to stir up all of us to prompt and vigorous 
 
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8 
 
 action. The successes of our Missions to Indians have shown the peculiar fitness of the 
 principles and the practices of this Church for aggressiveness and for permanency in 
 this department of Missionary work. 
 
 Our Common Prayer not only inclines the Missionary to teach Indians to pray, as 
 our Lord taught his first disciples, but enables him to pray Avith them in their mother 
 tongue, and to conduct public Services, long before he can speak their language fluently. 
 Oui- orderly mode of conducting public worshij) deeply impresses the reverent Indian, 
 who is further aided in being permanently weaned from his time-honoured superstitious 
 rites by the Scriptural illustrations of important Christian doctrines in our Services. 
 
 Surely the present duty of this Church towards Indians is indicated by the special 
 call of God through the Chief Ruler of the nation, by the ripeness of the field, by the 
 call of these heathen that we should come over and helj) them, by successes already 
 achieved, and by a peculiar fitness for the work. 
 
 The Church has therefore organized a Commission, comprising fifty ministers and 
 laymen, to whom is committed the extension and supervision of Indian Missions. As 
 that Commission is wholly dependent on voluntary contributions, it will be powerless to 
 do its whole duty unless it receives the j>rayers and the offerings of all. It needs the 
 pulpit as well as the press, and also parochial organizations to promote specific prayer 
 and systematic pecuniary offerings. 
 
 A few Churchmen, deeply imbued with the spirit of (hiRiST, long yearned and 
 laboured for the salvation of Indians, and the same spirit that actuated them is now 
 rapidly extending. The revered Bishop Kemper, with an earnestness and forecast in 
 which very few shared, hastened on the coming of this time. Bishop Whipple, with his 
 fearless, fiery zeal, like that of the Baptist, has aided in ushering it in. Others were 
 also labouring in faith through a veiy dark period, and are now cheered with hoj)e for 
 the Indian. One Indian Presbyter, in the midst of discouragements, toiled on in Min- 
 nesota for many years, as seeing Him that is invisible, his Bishop being almost his only 
 human helper. The Rev. Mr. Hinman fought single-handed for nearly ten years ; and 
 though no white Ministers came to his assistance, God laised up five Indian Ministers 
 and a large body of Catechists to assist in extending and perfecting his work. Then the 
 day began to dawn, and, as an earnest of good things to come, the Rev. Mr. Cook was 
 sent of God to care for the Yanktons. He also has Indian helpers, who, in due time, 
 will doubtless enter the sacred ministiy. The day-dawn brightens ; for during the last 
 year the Theological Seminary of Virginia furnished one zealous Missionary to the 
 Ponkas, and this season, since the Indian Commission was organized, the Berkeley 
 Divinity School of Connecticut has sent to the Dakotas three of its choicest graduates, 
 and other of its students seem to be ready for a like Mission work. 
 
 Ten ministering women are teaching the Indians, and otherwise helping our Mission- 
 aries, by self-denying acts of mercy— four of them sent from the Bishop Potter Memorial 
 Ho\ise, of Philadelphia. 
 
9 
 
 This recital shows a rapidly increasing zeal in the cause, and indicates faith, on the 
 part of the Indian Commission, that the Church will sustain it in extending this depart- 
 ment of work. 
 
 Tlie Executive Committee of the Commission have, from time to time, been cheered 
 by hearing of little parochial organizations, comprising children as well as adults, 
 formed to promote prayer for Indians, and also to aid our Missionaries by liberal oflfer- 
 ings of time and money. If such organizations are formed in every Parish, our Indians 
 can be saved, and a rich spiritual blessing will descend on the workers and on the 
 Parishes with which they are connected. Their united prayers will be invaluable helps 
 in extending from heart to heart, as well as from head to head, the specific details as they 
 come freshly from our Mission fields. How natural is it that a Christian woman’s heart 
 should be deepl}^ moved when she hears of special instances of the degradation of her 
 sisters, even below the brute, by the heathen polygamy practised in our land ! What 
 joy is imparted when the tidings come that, mainly through the ministries of Christian 
 women, the wife is being lifted to the true position for which God created her, and that even 
 the husband has realized the wrongs of his past life ! Many of us have been doubly 
 stirred up by the details of barbarous rites practised by the Indians , within sight of 
 Christian churches. AVe then realize that we have wronged our brethren by witiihold- 
 ing from them the Gospel light which has been entrusted to us, and we feel rebuked for 
 our spiritual inertness by the self-sacrificing devotion of these Indians to their super- 
 stitions rites. Men in the prime of life, under the belief that acts of self-sacrifice will' 
 appease the Great Spirit, are tied to the sun-dance pole by thongs of hide thrust under 
 the muscles of the breast, and then, without nourishment of any kind, dance day after 
 day, looking directly at the sun. When men thus scarred have been taught from God’s 
 Book to look to the Sun of Righteousness, they have manifested a like zeal in enlight- 
 ening their bretliren with the true “Light of the world,” shaming laggard Christians 
 into an increase of devotion. 
 
 We who have so often been comforted, at the death of our loved ones, by the assur- 
 ance that our Blessed Lord has received their spirit, cannot be unmoved when we hear 
 that our Indian brethren and sisters cut themselves and howl piteously, day and night, 
 because their loved ones have died and gone to the utter darkness of their spirit land. 
 Tlie frantic efforts of these deluded heathen to restore dead bodies to life are usually 
 hid from the white man by an impenetrable veil. A few weeks since the veil was 
 lifted before one of our ministering women, who, though in a new and untried field, had 
 in a very few days touched the heart of a heathen conjurer by acts of mercy. She saw 
 their fiendish efforts to affright an evil spirit, which they imagined had held a little girl 
 in the bondage of death for two days. These conjurers, or medicine-men, as they are 
 called, beat three or four drums violently, hooted and screamed, and rang a bell inces- 
 santly, taking the girl in and out of the tent, putting a pipe in her mouth, smoking in 
 

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 her face, spitting on lier, and dancing with her, until even an evil spirit would have 
 been driven away, if she had, as they supposed, been possessed of the devil. 
 
 Let us turn from this revolting scene to an Indian’s tent on another Reservation 
 where we have a Christian Mission. A little girl of about the same age as the one just 
 described, having been taught of Goi>, was baptized in the Name of the F'ather, and 
 of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost. How her eyes glistened and face lit up when our 
 ministering women visited her during a sickness that was unto death. God’s Word 
 was precious to her, and prayer enabled her to lay a firmer and still firmer hold on her 
 Lokd. Being dead she speaketh, foi- she loved to tell others of Jesus, and her old 
 grandmother sought Christian Baptism, infiuenced by the teachings of this little one. 
 Let us no longer excuse ourselves with a false belief that we are free from a responsi- 
 bility which God has evidently laid upon us. 
 
 4 
 
 PRAYERS FOR INDIAN MISSIONS. 
 
 Prayer set forth by Bishop Clarkson, by request, for use at meetings of Committees, and on Thursdays, by alt 
 
 the friends of the Indians. 
 
 ^^^LldlGHTY and most merciful God, the Father of the friendless and the Helper of 
 the helpless, have pity, we beseech Thee, upon the Indian tribes who dwell in 
 this our land. Send to them the light and comfort of Thy Holy Gospel. Bless all the 
 means used to bring them to the knowledge of Thy dear Son, Who died for the salva- 
 tion of all men. Guide with Thy Spirit, guard with Thy power, sustain with Thy 
 love, all those who minister to them in spiritual things and bear to them the tidings of 
 redemption. Stir uj) the hearts of all who profess and call themselves Christians, to 
 prayer and deeds of mercy in behalf of this perishing race. Give to our rulers a sense 
 of honour, truth, and justice in all their dealings with them, and fill this whole nation 
 with compassion for this poor and scattered people ; “and so fetch them home. Blessed 
 Lord, to TI13' flock, that thej^ may be saved among the remnant of true Israelites, and 
 be made one fold under one Shepherd.” All of which we ask through Jesus Christ 
 our Lord. Amen. 
 

 
 
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