MASTER NEGA TIVE NO. 92-80611 MICROFILMED 1992 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES/NEW YORK as part of the "Foundations of Western Civilization Preservation Project" Funded by the NATIONAL ENDOWMENT FOR THE HUMANITIES Reproductions may not be made without permission from Columbia University Library COPYRIGHT STATEMENT The copyright law of the United States - Title 17, United States Code - concerns the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material... Columbia University Library reserves the right to refuse to accept a copy order if, in its judgement, fulfillment of the order would mvolve violation of the copyright law AUTHOR: HOLZKE, [THEODOR] TITLE: D. HUME AND T.B MACAU LAY PLACE: HALLE DA TE : 1862 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES PRESERVATION DEPARTMENT BIBLIOGRAPHIC MICROFORM TARGET Original Material as Filmed - Existing Bibliographic Record Master Negative # mußtimßm HTille.. 186^. Scj.O. IT p. K-Jillt ( Qer.)- "Re-nlschi/ik. Offenilichi r^&ög' 'IH !T!r3Br^Tir^^ Restrictions on Use: TECHNICAL MICROFORM DATA FILM SIZE:__35>rf;;v\ IMAGE PLACEMENT: lA {uX DATE FILMED: __^ HLMED BY: RESEARCH PUBLI REDUCTION RATIO:. li y IIB .tlrl INITIALS IONS, INC WOODBRIDGE, CT E Association for information and Image Management 1100 Wayne Avenue, Suite 1100 Silver Spring, Maryland 20910 301/587-8202 Centimeter 12 3 4 UiiliUiiiUlilUllUll^^ im rrr T Inches 5 6 iiiliiiiliiiiliiii 8 I I T 1 inliiiiliiiil 9 10 n iiiiliiiiiiiiiliiiiiiiiili I i I II 12 13 14 15 mm liiiiliiiili ■"""" """ 1.0 LI 1.25 ■^ III— ^ d 3.2 ISS I 14.0 i^uu 1.4 1 2.5 2.2 2.0 1.8 1.6 1 y 6> O / MFINUFflCTURED TO flllM STRNDPRDS BY APPLIED IMAGE. INC. ^. ^"^V^ ^Äü^fti81i= 94S H889 (iu^olttmbi» College iu the Ctttj of llcuj Hovh. 1895 CSiven »nongmoustg. 'i. 1 1 / 3u bet ^ffemii^m i^iifmta, meiere mit t^eV. B'ßälingt^ii- • • ^, • ' > 1 JO Healfdjule I. ©riimttg im HJiiifeiiljattfV am 3. april 18(>2, sBormittagd »on 9 biig 12 U^r uu^ f)^ad)mittagei pon 2 bi« 5 Uhr, in bem fBetfammtungöfttole beS neuen Steolfc^nlöeMube« öeranftaftct merben fc((, ttjcvben bie gee()vten Slettevn ber Sd>ü(er unb aüe greunbe beg 6(^ufmefen8 bierburd^ c^rerbictigjl eingetabcn com Snfpectür ^tfmann, ip r f c j f r. I. D. Hume and T. B. Macaulay, »om Soffeuen ÖöJ^fe. II. ®(feiilnac^ri(6tcn »on bent 3n[^ector. %%« ^ a I I e, 1862. •• • • • • , • • • ••• •, • • • • • • • • •••••• • • • • • • • • • • • ••• • • ••• • • • ••• ••••• • "• • • • • •»• ••••• »• •• m • t 1 a * • ' i * *i CI t > > ■ a • .J J « a D. Hume and T. B. Macaulay. Alexander the Great, when he came to the tomb of Achilles, envied the fate of that hero >vho had not oul} had the best opportunity of distin- guishino; hiniself by the bravest exploits, hut had also been so fortunate as to find in Flomer the most excellent herald of his valour. He gives us to under- stand that a great many heroes were buried in eternal oblivion, only because they did not find either a poet or an historian to commit their valiant deeds to the memory of posterity. The same, we think, may be said of nations; for though there be perhaps no one that, striclly speaking, has no history at all, yet we find a great many among whom there were no celebrated historians. Even the Romans, when they had conquered the whole universe, could not boast of any great historian; for Cicero de leg. I. c. 2. tells us that in his time history was still entirely wanting in Roman literature. Such was also the case of Great- Britain that, in this respect, had remained far behind most of the other nations of southern and western Europe. She had extended her power over Scotland and Ireland who had long been her most exasperated enemies; she had founded colonies which had soon become mightier and wealthier than the realms which Cortez and Pizarro had added to the Spanish empire, she had gone through a revolution which, in the most felicitous manner, had bound up together the prerogatives of the king and the privileges of the Parliament: but none of her sons had yet thought it worth while to write her history. This is so much the more astonishing as that freedom and selfgovernment, which are the foundation -walls of the British constitution, seem to us extremely favourable to historical researches. It was only after the middle of the last century that some historical works were published in Great -Britain which may even now be considered as really classical works, and we do not doubt that D. Hume, the first of the three, to whom we must probably ascribe the merit of having directed the attention • «•' •••..•!?••• , • • • • • ••••• a*^*« • • • « • • to hislorical coirfpo'sftioii'irf Y'higT^^ than had been practiced before him among the BriipflsVJore ajttf J lite palm of his two great rivals Robert- son and Gibbon. *'* '** • *•* ''* David Hume;-Vr^jb6/K:ip;KfJtib^ in 1711. He lost his father, before he had left colle'ge.* ' His* guardian* wished him to study the law; but the youug man had no taste for that study. He was, therefore, sent to a mer- cantile house at Bristol in 1734; but he soon found the drudgery of this employment intolerable. So he left Bristol after a few monlhs, in order to go to France; and after a short stay at Rheims, he went to La Fleche in Anjou, where he spent several years in studying the philosophical works he found in the great library which the lesuils had in that place. He commenced his literarj^ career by the publication of his Treatise on Human Nature in 1739, which was soon followed by some more philosophical essays, In the beginning he had only the intention of controlling the philosophical principles of Locke, in order to give them an unshakable foundation by a proper study of the moral facts and of the laws of human understanding, and he developed the ideas of Locke with that rigour and that preciseness which have made him one ol the greatest dialecticians. But in the course of his philosophical researches, he expressed the opinion that almost the same reasons that had been given by Berkeley, iu order to show the impossibility of proving the existence of the external nature, might as well be turned against the spiri- tual substance, the sensations of the human soul; and Hume finished by establishing a sceptical philosophy which doubted both of the existence of the mind and of that of the matter. In the latter part of his life, Hume struck into quite a different line, and the bold sceptic philosopher made his appearance iu the character of an elegant historian by publishing in 1754 the first volume of his History of the House of Stuart. But the English of his time had so much given themselves up to the most absurd factions, that they could not justly appreciate so valuable a production as the work of Hume. Whigs as well as Tories Episcopalians and Dissenters received it, as he says himself, with one cry of reproach, disapprobation, and even detestation, because its author had been bold enough to deplore the lamentable fate of the unfortunate Charles the First, and to shed a generous tear even at the death of Strafford and Laud! There were only few people, but among them the Primates of England and Ireland, who encouraged Hume to go on in the same manner - and we do not hesitate to take their side, because we think those very reproaches he was charged with, to be the best proof that he has not flattered any party. The second volume, however, which appeared in 1756 was better received and helped „to buoy up its unfortunate brother,*' In 1759 he published two more volumes which contained the reign of the House of Tudor, and in 1762 he completed his History of England by another couple of volumes, con- taining the history of Great -Britain from the invasion of the Romans down to the accession of Henry the Seventh. The whole work must have met with greater success now; for as early as 1764 a new edition of all the volumes was already published. And his History really deserved that success; for Hume was indeed the first English historian who did not only treat of kings and wars, of the rise and fall of ministers, of intrigues in the palace and debates in the parliament- but he thought it his duty to give an accurate description of the civil and ecclesiastical government; to inform us of the slate of the finances, army and navy; to describe the country and the manners of the people; to show which progress commerce and manufactures had made in every perio/1. He had prepared himself to the performance of so difficult a task by a long and assiduous study. His moral and political essays, published in 1741, already contained some very interesting articles on the Liberty of the Press! on the Parlies in England, on the Independence of the Parliament, and the diary which he kept during the journey which he made through Holland, Germany, and Italy as an aid -de- camp to General St. Clair, gives us the strongest proof that he always used to pay the greatest attention to the soil and productions of the different countries, and to the civilisation, social con- dition, and manners of their inhabitants. It is, therefore, not astonishing that the philosopher succeeded so well in writing a history which will always retain its place among the classical works which the English possess in this department; for it is equally excellent both in style and in matter. To be sure, his style is neither passionate, nor vehement, but simple, polished, and graceful. His narration does not resemble a violent torrent that drags us along with it even against our will; it is more like a slow and soft river upon which we glide along without being aware of it. His reasoning is always so concise and so perspicuous, that we are never at a loss for its meaning. His sentiments are always expressed in a candid, gentle, and noble tone, which shows us in the best manner, how far he was from 1* asperity, intolerance, or unfairness to men whose conduct he could not avoid blaming;. In short, his work is stamped with so much dignity and elegance that even his adversaiies cannot but avow that, in this respect Hume's manner of writing will always be considered the best pattern of the historical style. Some purists, it is true, have reproached him for having allowed so many Scotticisms and even French turns to slip into his style- but we see from his letters to his friends that he was fully aware of it; that he was constantly occupied in finding ihcm out and correcting them for a later edition of his works, and that he entreated all his London friends to point out to him all the passages which might be blamable in this respect But it is not only his style that insures him his rauk among the best tnglish historians; no, he possesses also all the other virtues of an historical writer He does not only tell us the events of past times in a worthy man- ner but he IS conslaully occupied in representing them so distinctly as to enable us to penetrate into their interior connexion which is so often hid to most human eyes, and only reveals itself to the minds of the happy few who have judgment and sagacity enough to discern the true from the false, the essentia from the insignificant, the causes from the effects. Besides his history has the high charm of being impressed all over with the pe uliar character of Humes ow« mind. Every book, „ay, every chapter of lis work s ows the gen eaess of his nature, the tolerant' candour by'which, T.^e bra^ d ecci siastical men, the great indifference with which he considered the usual objects of human ambitiou and human passions and the wirm svm W Zove . ' "'"' '"' "''" ^'^ ^""<^'' '" «"«"'"'S their ends. uaiie „f ?r,' •'''"'''• '" ""■■ "1"'"""'' '•"•« "'^ «"o«' necessary "pt as IfrTv ' '■''■M ''r ""• '" '•^''" ""' greatest pains to those who s,„t? . T '"' "•' ^'•'*'" '•'^^""^ «•'"■«'' '"story teaches all TLr T^ r r /'" '"■*•''" ■'""'""■""' '•""' i" this respect he is one of the founders of that historical school which in the seronrf I« „f .1 i . century was flourishing in France, England a^d German ' "' "" '"'' we mtLelv"vemut".; '"'"!• "'""' ""' '"•'"'""' '"^"'^ »^ «"-'s history, worlT «I. .1 ^'"'"" '"'" *" examination of the defects of his woik. which the progress of historical knowledge and especially T diigem d i II and an accurate study of Macaulays manner of writing, have enabled us better to perceive. To be sure, we do not entirely agree with those who maintain that there are a great many tracks of partiality to be found in Hume's history, especially iu his representation of the great struggle between Charles 1. and his subjects. We acknowledge that Hume seems "to have had a decided predilection for the cause of the king; but we cannot admit, as some critics wish to make us believe, that his party views were so strong as to make him misrepresent the characters of the men that were engaged in that fatal struggle. Notwithstanding we cannot deny that there are a great many defects in his work, most of which are owing to that system of writing which he had adopted. Those pragmatical historians, as they call them, have committed the great mistake that they were too apt to apply to all events and to all times the standard of style and taste which they had received in the polished society of the eighteenth century. Like those travellers who set out on a journey in order to extend their knowledge, and who, everywhere, notice only what is homogeneal to the things they have had before their eyes in their native towns, most of the writers of that school have not been able to come to a proper understanding of the middle -ages, because they pretend to find there only „the adventures of barbarous nations which can afford little or no entertainment to men born in a more cultivated age." That, we think, is the principal cause of all the defects which we remark in Hume's work. These defects are especially to be found in the first volumes which, though they met with the best reception from his contemporaries, were by far the weakest part of his work. About the old Britons, for instance, he does not teach us any thing but what is known to every third class boy who has read his Caesar with a little attention. Of course, Hume is right, when he says that the early part of the history of ail nations is either buried in silence and oblivion, or enveloped in fables which supply the place of history; but he is quite wrong, when he thinks that an historian is entitled to disregard these fables altogether. He would certainly be the first to blame a writer of the history of the Greeks who should not take any notice of the celebrated ancient fictions of that nation; why, then, does he consider it a fruitless labour to search for the fables of the old Celts or Saxons ? — He gives us a reason for it in stating that it would not be worth while „ to search for the annals of nations who were so barbarous as to believe their first leaders to descend from a fabulous deity or from men, exalted by ignorance into that / 6 character/* Does he forget, that Hercules, Theseus, and so many other Greek heroes were also supposed to be sons of the Gods, that even in later tiraes almost all the Roman emperors were exalted to the rank and dignity of the Gods? Or does he perhaps mean to say that the history of the old Celts and Germans is less interesting to their descendants than the mythology of the old Greeks or that of the old Egyptians and other nations of the East? — In the history of the Anglo-Saxons we cannot complain of his giving too few historical facts; on the contrary, he speaks almost too much of the battles which were fought among the seven petty kingdoms. We regret, however, that he does not say any thing of the customs which the Saxons brought with them to England ; that he does not give us a distinct idea of the degree of oivilisation which they had attained at the time of the conquest. He only says in general that they were a rude, uncultivated people Ignorant of letters, unskilled in the mechanical arts; that they distinguished themselves only by their military courage; that even the Normans, who were not overcivilised either, speak of them as barbarians. Does he not know that the same Saxons were so easily vanquished by the Danes only because they had so much given themselves to all the peaceful occupations as to ffel disaccustomed of the use of the sword? Does he not remember that he told us himself that in the age of Alfred, there was already so much learning in England, that Charles the Great requested that king to send some learned men over to r ranee? — We certainly cannot believe that it was the conquest of the Normans Iha. put the people into a situation of receiving, from abroad, the rudiments of science and civilisation. It may be that the conquest served to that nur pose, because it brought the Saxons into a connexion with another people- i" a" 2" ''^"""""^" 'T"'^y '•«'"'''^'> »he progress of civilisation among he Anglo - Saxons for a long lime, perhaps for some centuries. It is tr„f that, a few years after the conquest. King William took advantage of the genera ,1 iteracy of .he Saxon clergy, in order to deprive great „umbers „f them of t eir benefices and to replace them by his Normans! but who knows whether this was not a mere pretence which he used to give the most imoor tan. places to persons whom he had good reasons to think Ire a« I dTnd faithful him than he could expect the priests of a subjugated tribe to be From all that we have mentioned , it becomes evident that Hume has not a right understanding of these ancient times of the British hs.oy and ti I we must be much more convinced of it, when we consider in what contemp- tible manner he speaks of the religious ideas of these ages. We do not wish to blame him for treating the religious ideas of the Celts and Saxons as gross and barbarous superstition; we only mean to say that a good historian would rather think it his duty to show that these religious ideas, superstitious as they were, entirely corresponded with the manners and customs of these rude nations, and that the Druids did a great deal of good by inflaming the people to that valour which enabled them to despise all dangers, in the hope of obtaining the favour of their Gods in this way. Hume, the sceptical philosopher, regards only the bad side of all religious tenets, and he, therefore, says, in speaking of the Druids, that they exerted a terrible influence over the minds of the old Celts, because they had not only the power of inflicting the severest penalties in this world, but inculcated also the eternal transmigration of souls and, thereby, extended their authority as far as the fears of their timorous votaries; — but he forgets that the same men were not only the priests, but also the teachers, judges and phy- sicians of the nation, and that in this quality, they must necessarily have done a great deal of good. — The same fault is to be seen in his reflexions on the influence which Christianity eff'ected upon the Saxons. He always puts the greatest stress upon the corruption which the Christian doctrines had suffered, upon the ignorance, and superstition which were already reigning in those ages. This makes him so unjust as to say that a doctrine which the Saxons received through so corrupted a channel , could not be effectual in banishing their ignorance and softening their barbarous manners. — Monks and priests, for instance, are in Hume's eyes as ignorant as laymen; they are strongly infected with credulity and with a propensity to imposture; they are not so much intent upon making the people virtuous as upon making them faithfully pay their tythes. — The pilgrimages to Rome and the Crusades appear to Hume as the most signal and durable monuments of human folly that have appeared in any age. — In speaking of King Olave whom the Church of Rome had honoured with the name of Saint, he says that a general presumption lies against the understanding or morals of every one who in those ignorant ages was dignified with that title. We could give a great many more instances of the philosopher's narrow- mindedness and of his injustice against the Church, if we did not already think it sufficiently proved that Hume always puts too great a stress upon 8 Ihe deficiencies of religious Inslilntions , and that it often seduces him to speak of the Church with a contempt whicii she did not deserve. — Can we therefore, wonder that the ridiculous exaggerations which he found in the bearing of the Presbyterians and Independents, exasperated him so much against these Dissenters, that the great cause which they defended against King Charles could not but appear to him in the most unfavourable light- iiay , we think this intolerance of the Presbyterians to be the principal cause' of the already mentioned partiality for the unfortunate king, with which Hume has so often been reproached. He saw that Charles was possessed of so many good qualities that if he had lived in another» age, he would have become a mighty, prosperous and highly esteemed monarch. He knew that in the long struggle between king and parliament the former had not claimed any right or^wer which had not been, for centuries, in the undisputed possession of his predecessors- that the glorious Queen Elisabeth, upon whom the writers of all the different parlies of the country bad bestowed unbounded panegyrics, on account of her lender regard for the constitution and of her great concern for the liber ties and privileges of the people - that this queen, we sav, had never been sparing in the use of martial law, that in her reign the Star- Chamber and High -Commission had been as active as under that of Charles, that even the rights of enacting laws as well as of granting subsidies, to which the Par tiament laid claim, had been very insignificant during her reign- that she had expressly prohibited them from meddling either with state matters or with ecclesiastical causes; and that she had openly sent to prison such members of Parliament as had ventured to transgress her imperial edict in these particulars. Hume was fully aware that Charles had even «-ranted more liberties and privileges to his subjects than they had ever before e'iijoyed ^^hal, then, was the reason that the unfortunate king could never con tent the greater majority of his subjects? That is the question which every historian of that time must try to answer in a satisfactorious manner- and we think, Hume is not wrong in saying that the great Rebellion was much less owing to the high ideas which the king entertained about his own authority and prerogatives, than to the spirit of enthusiasm and fanaticism which was universally diffused over the nation and disappointed all the views of human prudence. Hume candidly acknowledges that the king did not comprehend the spirit ol liberty which began to prevail among his subjects; that he was 9 neither prudent enough to give way to it, nor vigorous enough to subdue it- that by his wife and by his courtiers he was often precipitated into hasty and imprudent undertakings; and that he was apt hastily to correct any hasty step he had taken , which served much more to inflame than to appease the people. Hume does not deny that Charles's Queen, to whom he attached himself with unalterable fidelity and confidence, was of a somewhat passionate character and that her constant endeavours to procure some indulgences to her brethren in faith, alarmed and excited the nation; that the unrelenlino- zeal of his principal counsellor Laud, Archbischop of Canterbury, to impose"* by rigorous measures, his own tenets and the pious ceremonies of the Anglican Church on the whole country, exasperated the obstinate Presbyterians- that the unshaken fidelity with which Charles' Prime -Minister, the Earl of Straf- ford, in his later life employed all his energy to support the royal prero- gative which he had formerly made his chief endeavours to diminish, must have rendered him odious and suspicious to his former friends. How, then is it possible to charge Hume with partiality for the king and his counsellors, to call him a partisan of absolute monarchy, an enemy to political liberty? H Hume had been convinced that the king really intended to do away with the privileges of the nation, and to carry into^xecution those ideas about absolute monarchy which, under the reign of his father, Filmer had formed into a s.ystem: there can be no doubt that Hume would have candidly declared himself against Charles. But Hume saw that if only political causes had been at work, the seventeenth century would perhaps not have passed away without a fierce conflict between king and parliament, but that this conflict would never have taken the character of a rebellion. He, therefore, con- cluded that it was only the discontented sectaries, with whom he could not feel any sympathy, that had raised, to the highest pilch, the jealousy which prevailed against the court, and that had succeeded, at last, in driving the king out of his capital and compelling him to draw the sword against the partisans of his parliament. That is, methinks, the reason that Hume, though he certainly was a friend of that liberty which had been gained by the revo- lution of 1688, entirely disapproved of the way by which that liberty had been got. We may, therefore, say that his manner of appreciating the things almost approaches the principles of the Whigs, while his manner of paint- ing the persons that acted in that great drama, is more conform to the pre- judices of the Tories. \. '.'I 10 From all we have stated , it will be evident that his history will always remain a classical work, and that he will always be considered as the great- est of the three celebrated historians, who have illustrated the nineteenth century; and it is only in our modern times that the glory of being the first English historian, has been taken away from him by Thomas Babington Macaulay. iVIacaulay was born on the 25»^ of October in 1800, at his uncle's resi- dence (in Rothley Temple). His father had been a merchant in Jamaica, where he had heard the wail and seen the sorrow of slavery, so that he felt convinced that its entire abolition was a necessity. During his long residence in Sierra Leona, he strove to ameliorate the condition of the negroes, and oil his return to England where he soon married a Quakeress, he associated with Wilberforce and others in an agitation against the trade of man in man. His son was early led lo the study of the Bible and of compends of Calvinislic theology, and we may even say that he was too much restricted to religious reading. His early education was carefully superintended at home, and he might already be called a well informed lad, when he was placed under the care of a .Mr. Preston at Melford (Cambridgeshire), under whose tuition he made so much progress, that he entered Trinity College Cambridge, in his eighteenth year. Here he gained the Chancellor's gold medal in two successive competitions, 1819 for a poem on Pompeii, 1820 for one on Evening. Having become a Bachelor of Arts in 1822 he very soon entered the Union-Debating- Society, of which he was an active and pro- rainent member. His first public speech was delivered 1824 in favour of the abolition of slavery and was noticed with praise in the Edinburgh Review. He therefore, sent his first bold essay on Milton to the editor of that jour- nal. ,n which it appeared in August 1824. Both his poems and his essays may be considered as preliminary preparations, as foreshadowings and |>ioneers oMhat work which, at last, became the business and pleasure of his life. Extending over more than twenty years they show the gradual ripening o the authors powers and enable us to observe the processes by which the historian was nurtured and trained. It was natural that the younff wrner soon attracted the attention of the leaders of the Whigs, and so we .tlhr Tr '"'l '^'''''"^'"*' ^'^ '^'' ^'''''''^' «f Lord Lansdown, as inemb r of the ancient borough of Calw, in Wiltshire. Here he took a pro- minent part m the debates on Parliamentary Reform and gained a high repu- ■ 11 tation by his speeches, which were very elaborate, clever, and full of life, merit, and dash. In 1833 he accepted an appointment as legal adviser to the Supreme Council of India with a salary of ten thousand a year, and he went to Cal- cutta. On his return from India, he was again chosen Member of Parliament for Edinburgh and represented that city for a number of years. From 1839 till 1841 he was Secretary at War in the Melbourne ministry, and 1846 he was appointed Paymaster to the Forces under Lord J. Russell and remained in this office till 1848. But when the Anti-Maynooth Endowment agitation was waged with some zeal , he had the honesty to maintain , in opposition to his bigoted constituents in Edinburgh, that religious differences ought not to entail civil disabilities. This won him the enmity of the austere Presbyterians of Edinburgh, and they thrust him from his seat in Parliament 1847. From all these frequent disappointments Macaulay had drawn the conclusion that books and study were more congenial to him than the routine of office and the transient glory of eloquence. He felt within himself the ambition of gaining the undispulable admiration of all his countrymen, whether friends or foes to the opinions which he had embraced, and he reached his ends in 1848. For when he had published the first volumes of his „ History of England from the Accession of James the Second," the approbation was universal. Scarcely a pen was raised but to pour out raptures at the gigantic stores of information which were heaped in that work, and at the harmonious and perspicuous blending of minute, varied, and important materials and details with warmth- of faith, soundness of reasoning, and vigorous productivity of imagination. For it would be difficult, nay even impossible to name any modern work in which the several parts are so well arranged , the general teachings of history so accurately and pleasingly brought out, and in which patriotism and rhe- torics are so pure and indubitable. Great and glorious were the honours with which Macaulay was now loaded. On the 21 ^^ of March he was elected Lord Rector of the University of Glasgow, and honoured with the title of L. L. D. (utriusque juris doctor) by his University, and soon after he was chosen Professor of History in the Royal Academy. In 1852 he was again elected M. P. for Edinburgh, and when some years after, he withdrew from the parliamentary career in order to hasten on the great work he had undertaken, a royal patent elevated him, 2* on ihe lO'i of September 1857, to the peerage of the United Kingdom with the title of Barou Macaulay of Rothwell. In 1855 he had published two more volumes of his History, which were still more enthusiastically read, discussed, and admired than even the former. But at the end of 1859, just at the moment when the whole world was full of expectation of another couple of volumes, which a welcome report had said to be ready for the press - the pen of the historian was suddenly laid aside, death snatched from carih a large-minded soul and destroyed for ever the most conscientious toil of many years, the exquisite skill and mastery of language which had been acquired by a continuous assiduity. — The chisel has been struck from the artist's grasp, and the grave covers the hand which had drawn so accomplished a picture of past times — but this picture will live for ever and delight the eyes and hearts of all thought nil nicu. But what is it now lliat makes the study of his History so very inter- esting and at the same lime instructive? Is it perhaps the time which he has chosen? It is true, the history of that revolution which terminated the long struggle between the English kings and their Parliaments, and the sub- sequent history of the reigns of William and Mary, of Queen Ami, and their successors must be very interesting; for it gives us the best proof that the authority ol law and the security of property are perfectly compatible with a liberty of discussion and of individual action never before known. It shows us that by means of that happy „„ion of order and freedom , a countrv which under princes who only cared for extending their prerogatives, had' almost Mink to a state of ignominious vassalage, had rapidiv risen to Ihe rank of umpire among the European nations and become the most raighlv and prospe- rous empire that was ever found in ancient or modern times. Yet we cannot help saying .hat Ihe short reign of James seems to us almost like a weak additional farce connected with .he great tragedy of the struggle between •harles and the (.ommons, and that Ihe prudent cautiousness of William of ih^'f T'. '""'T^"^ ""'"' """"*''' '«^^^ "•«" ""^ '»il'l energy of Cromwell ; es iLrlT' f "" '"•* "•' '•""'"^^ **'■ "'^ "°"^« «'■ "»""over is much pain d tl^"''^''"' 'f Tudor, whose lives and heroic ac.ioL are so well painted by Hume. - No, it is „ot Ihe matter, but only his «rreat art of -ling history to which he owed his great Successes;' a'd we lill now y 1. ! 13 examine in what this great art consists, and by what Macaulay differs from all his predecessors and especially from Hume. He belongs, properly speaking, to the same historical school as Hume- nevertheless his method of writing history is very different from that of the' celebrated philosopher. Macaulay was a poet, before he became an historian and though we cannot assign to him as a poet the rank in the first class! yet we must admire the great simplicity of his style which forms a beautiful contrast with the masculine force and majesty of his thoughts. The most celebrated of his poems are the Lays of ancient Rome, in which he tries to reproduce a semblance of those ancient songs out of which the early history of Rome may perhaps have been constructed. They are rather like romantic legends and resemble very much the beautiful poems of his great countryman W. Scott, and we should say that Macaulay endeavoured to represent the life and manners of the old Romans as faithfully as his great countryman had painted those of the English and Scotch of earlier ages. Besides there is another resemblance between Macaulay and W. Scott. The latter recognised very soon that the turn of his mind was more fit for prose writing than for poetry, and he invented that historical novel which spread his fiime*' all over Europe and was imitated by all other nations. It was from the same reasons perhaps, that Macaulay abandoned poetry, took to prose writing, and by a series of brilliant essays prepared himself to that great historical work through which he took his place among the greatest masters of the English language, and founded a new school of historical writing, which will certainly lind a great many enlhusiaslical votaries among all the nations of Europe and America. The first great step which he made in historical composition, was that he admitted into the narrative a picture of the domestic habits, architecture, and even dress of the inhabitants at that period which he wants to illustrate! We have seen that something of that kind was already to be found in Hume; but the latter gives in his appendices only a dry description of the manners of the people , whereas in Macaulay we find a vivid picture of the whole English society in that period; and it is painted in such lively colours that we almost believe to see tiie English of that age before our eyes , fighting and suffering, acting and talking, praying and intriguing, and even eating and drinking. And since we know them so well, we must, of course, feel a greater sympathy with them. In this respect he imitates W. Scott in such a ;4 14 felicitous manner, that even that great class of novel readers who formerly took no interest at all in pure historical compositions, find the same pleasure in reading Macaulay, which W. Scott and his imitators were formerly alone able to alToni them. That leads us to his second merit, that is the vivacity and hrilliancy of his style. Ihs sentences are clearly formeil, his periods are lucid and transparent, his illustrations vigorous, his logic plausible and effective. The train of his ideas is always distinctly visible to his readers, and he never fails to call their attention to the principal points. He is always conscious that he does not only write for learned readers, as Hume and most of our own historical writers frequenlly do, but for the public in general. He, therefore, is not satisfied to recount the events of past times in a clear and intelligible manner, but he is constantly intent upon layinj? a particular stress upon those things to which he wants to direct the attenlion of his readers. In studying his works, we often forget that we are only reading, and we feel as if we heard Macaulay, the orator, speak before our ears with such an impressive elocjuence, that his arguments must necessarily make the deepest impression upon our minds and that we cannot forget them so very easily. In this manner we are never in danger of losing the connexion of his ideas in spite of the many particulars which he introduces; and when, at last. Tie comes to a conclusion and explains his final opinion about the events he has related, we are so fully convinced of the truth of his reflections, that we should blame every body who »ould venture to make any objections to the author's reasoning. The principal reason, however, of the great satisfaction which the study of Macaulay s works affords to us, and which is not even injured by the great trouble and difficully we must experience in going through that enormous heap of particulars which he crams into his work — this principal reason, we think, is that he blends, so to say, the talents of a powerful dramatic writer to those of a clever novelist and of a passionate orator which we have already mentioned. This dramatical talent is easily recognised in the great skilfulness which he shows in grouping the leading features of the period to be represented, in dividing light and shade between the different parlies, and in concentrating the attention of his readers or rather spectators on ibat'hero whom he thinks most worthy of being set before us for our admiration William of Orange is the man to whom Macaulay teaches us to look up as 15 to a hero destined by Divine Providence to become not only the preserver of the English constitution, but also as the defender of Protestantism, and the vigorous champion against the tyrannical intentions of that French king who, without William's indefatigable efforts, might perhaps have succeeded in overthrowing the whole state of European affairs. From the skilful represen- tation of this great man, Macaulay s history derives a sort of dramatic unity which, in our opinion, forms its greatest charm. No historian, before him, had introduced that method into his historical compositions which Macaulay, the oratorical and dramatical historian, as we should like to call him in this respect, adopted and employed in such a felicitous manner. That is the reason, we think, that we get never tired of reading Macaulay, while we always feel a sort of annoyance, after having read some chapters of Hume or other historians. Besides there is that great advantage in this method of writing, that we entirely surrender ourselves to Macaulay, because we feel confident that he who is able to speak of his subject so clearly and decisively, must know it much better than other people; and when we see what beautiful and correct pictures he draws of those men whom we know already, we must, of course, feel disposed to believe that he has painted, with the same faithfulness, those men whom, hitherto, we were ignorant of. Like Hume, Macaulay endeavours to put the principal stress upon the important lessons taught by history, to measure, and examine the characters and actions of all men by a certain rule. But it is not a theoretical philo- sophy, but only a strict moral rule, and it has that advantage that it is not too high for his readers, and that it is deduced from habits and practices which are acknowledged as good and moral by all respectable people. He never falls into that error which we found so often committed by Hume, that is to speak with contempt of those things which may perhaps appear' ridi- culous to the enlightened minds of men of later ages. On the contrary, Macaulay who, as a poet, knew so very well how to represent the manners of the old Romans, shows in every page of his history, that he always has a right understanding of the manners and ideas of past ages. W'e need only read the few pages which he writes about the salutary revolution that was the consequence of the conversion of the Saxons to Christianity in order to be fully convinced how widely he differs from Hume in his manner of viewing religious ideas and institutions. 16 >Ve have already slated ihal the standard by which Macaulay examines and measures th^ actions of men is not too high. It is the great law of morality, the |)raclica! side of Christianity, by which he judges the conduct of men. The best way of showing that we are not unworthy of the world to come is, in his opinion, to fulfil all our duties in this world. He does not care for the spiriUial side of Christianity, nor for metaphysical speculations, and he certainly would not ;illow any body to refuse obedience to the politi- cal authorities of his country for the sake of his religious scruples, nor to upset her constitution for the sake of his i)hilosophical convictions. As for his political opinions we have only to slate that he was a true Whig, differing from the more aristocratical members of that party only by the greater sympathy which he felt for llie wailing and sorrow of the oppres- sed, by the ardour which he displayed in satisfying the desires of the middle classes that were still excluded from parliamentary representation, and by the courage with which, even in opposition to his constituents, he maintained in Parliament that religious dissensions ought not to entail civil disabilities. But in spite of his strong Whig coiniclions, he was never unfair in the judgments which he pronounced on the character and actions of men of the opposite parly. He never blamed or |)raised a man for his political views, but only for his actions; and though he does not conceal the great veneration in which he holds those men who, in the days of the Stuarts, have risked their goods and even their lives for the sake of the liberty of the people, yet he never shuts his eyes to their foibles; and so we may safely say that he is quite impartial. iMoreover his work is so much imbued with genius, permeated with patriotism, and impressed with the author's deep-felt con- victions of the great excellency of the English constitution, when considered as a whole, that it cannot fail to fill the heart of eveiy thoughtful reader wilh enthusiastical admiration. So, when the first two volumes had appeared, they were read with the greatest pleasure and met wilh the approbation of all readers. Even the Tory critics forgot for a while that it was a Whig historian who had caused such a sensation in the counliT. After some time, however, they did no longer think of their first admiration, but tried to find fault with that beautiful work and being unable to lay any blame upon the whole, ihev examined the details, m which the work was so rich, wilh the most microscopic inquisitive- uess — and who should wonder, when thev reallv succeeded in finding out William Penn and the Duke of Marlborough were accordinir in ih.« Ivirif p "■■ '"•^'"«^^«» f«"""e here, whether Macaulay was wroug'a saying that Penn was employed by king James to seduce, by the offer of äJ aide mans gown, the baptist William Kiffin ,o support the DedaraUon „f French .overnmenMlal'ktthir^.r i:';; WiS' HT' "^ undertake an expedition against the French coast ll Di „ an TlV: have taken upon themselves to justify Penn and Marlb rough a^aL«^«^^^^ reT fl ''" "'''''' "'^'" "'""^ »»" - helieve hat Ky had Ä r"* '" '""'"'•='"S •"•" »^ his errors, he would have a know ledged and regretted them with the same candour that made him siv i«Zl years, that his essay on Milton hardly contained one sentence whicl his more mature judgment approved of Be that as it may. nobody «ill be„m,ed; say that Macaulay intentionally committed these errors.'inrdL Jo hrow upon those men a blame which they did no, deserve. Occasional errors wil t.on";hat Mac! 7 ' t!'"'"'"''' ''" """ ""'«" "« '» «hange our opinmn that Macaulay ,s the greatest historian who has ever written in the Eughsh ongue, and that his works will be read and admired as Cg äj he English language and literature are not entirely effaced from the earth If. S(]^urnac^rii^ten. ^Itt SRÜdftd^t auf bie ju crteartenbe giifung ber groge Ü6er bie ajangorbnung unferer SRealfd^uIe ^mü^Üm »ir un« tm »crigen 3a^rc86ertd^te: „mc^r ^offen ju burfen, als furd^ten ju muffen." 3u «nfcrer gregen greube ^aben teir un« nic^^t getoufd^t. Hm 4. 3unt 1861 Beftimmte ba« f>o^e «ÖJtntfterium bev Unterricht«, angetegcn^eiten, baß unfere SRealfc^uIe ju benen crfter Orbnung gejo^ft werben burfe unb bamit in afle biejenigen aSert>fIt(!^tungen unb 9Jec^te für t^re 2e^rer unb @(^ufer eintrete, toefd^e bie $«eue Unterricht« » unb Prüfung« »Orbnung ber 9teaU fc^ulen com 6. October 1859 at« ®efe^ nomtirt ^atte. ©er 8e^r})fon tear bereit« biefer „«Reuen Orbnung" gemäß mobificirt unb in« geben getreten, ba« ©^ufgetb jur «eftreitung ber at« not^toenbig erfannten unb m- mehrten 3(u«gaben er^S^t, unb bie 3o^t ber quatificirten Se^rer bereit« bereott. ftdnbtgt unb weiter in fidlere 3lu8fid^t genommen. Sim 26. 3uni erhielten ge^rer unb ©c^üter tunbe »on bem frozen Sreignig unb om 27. 3uni oerfammelte |)err JDnrector Dr. S ram er bo« ganje Se^rercoßegium um fid^, um i^m bie Slnjeige »on ber er^ebung unferer ©c^ute in officietter SBeife unb ttürbiger änfprad^e ju moc^en. ®er SDan! bafiir fonnte nur ein ^erjlid^er fein. 5Do« ße^rercortegtum ^atte fid^ bemnoc^ gefefemäßig 3u ergönjen gefuc^t unb l^at fid^ gegenwörtig nad^ ber SScrfd^rift ber ^ol^en «ebörben »oßftönbig con- ftituirt. Oftern ».3. traten bie^erren «enno Xfd^ifd^wi^ unb Dr. SBei^el ate ecttegcn in unfer ec^rercottegium ein. (Srfterer ift on« ©d^toeibnig in ©d^Icften geburtig, ftubterte in SQaik otte unb neue f^ifotogie unb trat fd^on mit 5Reujal^r 1853 ate Seigrer an unferer SReatfc^ute ein. 3m §erbft 1854 gab er biefe ©tettung freiwittig auf, um ben Unterrid^t in neuem ©prad^en an einer ?riBat=§anbInng«» 20 ferule in Bremen ju iibernei^men. aWld^aeli 1860 fe^rte cr ju un« juriid, bcftanb im iyjctcmkr beffelbcn 3a^rcö fein (5jamen »or ber l^ieflgen toiffcnfc^aft^d^en ^prüfung^^ (£ümmiffien itnb tüurbe Dftern b. 3. fcefinitit? a(« College angeftellt. — 3u bcrfetSen 3cit unb in berfefkn ©genfd^aft trat §crr Dr. §einvid^ gerbinanb 3GBeifec( ein. Geboren in 3cife, ftubicvtc cr l^cn mid)adi 1853 an in §alle 9J?at^ematif unb 9iaturn)iffenfc^aften. Dftern 1860 iibernal^m er |?rebi|crifd^ cine Sodaboratur an ber g*ricbriit^2Bit^e(mi^-<5d^u(e ju Stettin, unb nad^ einem l^atben 3a^re in gleicher öigcn|d;aft ben naturn?if|en)c^aft(ic^cn Unterricht burc^ alte klaffen am ®t;mnafio unb an tcr bamit bcrbunbcncn O^calfdnite ju ^ictefelb. 3l(ö er im 3anuar b. 3. fein n?iffenfcfHift(ic]j)cö (v^-amcn bier bcftanben ^attc, tourbe auc^ feine Öeiuinnung für unferc ^icalfc^ulc angebahnt. 3L»nd;aeli i\ 3. traten bic §errn $Ric^ unb Dr. (^eift, erftercr ai^ (Sotlege, Ictjtcrcr alci brittcr Cbcrle(;rcr ein. ^^eibe bitbeten bur^ i^re gaci^tt)iffenfcf)aften, Ibectegic mil? ^^t;t(c(egie, ben 3d?(it^ftein für unfere gcfammte l^ef;rfraft. §err 3cb. griebr. 3(ug. diic^ unirbe ju §inba hci (2d;n?eini|j geboren, unb bcjcg Cftcrn 1855 bie t;icfige llnii?crf ität , um 2:t;ecrogie ju ftubieren. 3m Sommer 1858 enuarb er fid; bad 3cug"iB pro lie. ooncionandi, f|jüter bad pro ministerio. 3njUMfd>cu (;atte er fic^ and; ber Prüfung pro lac. docendi unterzogen, unb n?ar barauf ^wci 3a^r aid (Scliabcrator an ber latcinifcben §au)?tfd;n(e unb Saifenerjicl;er tbiitig. 5tud bicfem 23crufefreife trat er in ben an unferer Sd^ute über. Öerr Dr. 5luguft ip er mann griebrid; (^eift, geboren ju OJatDicj, ftubierte auf ^iefigcr llnioerfität "^l^biletcgie , arbeitete ein 3a^r tang aid ^auete^rer in Ungani, lehrte barauf nad; .palle jurüd, ertoarb fici) bie ^^i(o|o|?^ifc^e iDoctorujurbc unb beftani^ unmittelbar barauf im Wdx] bie Prüfung pro fac. docendi. 3(ld ^robele^rer ioirfte er an ber iKealfd;ule feiner iBaterftabt, ging Widfucii 1854 aid §ilfdle^rcr an t!a^ (h^t}mm]\m\ ju ilrotefd)in, Cftcrn 1855 aid (Collaborator an bie latcinifd^e :pauptfdnile l^ierfelbft, uact) einem 3a^rc aid orbentlic^cr l\^^rer toieber jurüd nad^ Ärotofc^^in unb unirbc bann Cftern 1858 sum :r^irigenten bed in Sd;rimm su enic^^ tcnben ^roguinnafiumd gen?äl;lt. ükcb S'/, jähriger 3öir!famfeit bafelbft ift er ber Unfrigc geu^orben. 5lUe bicfe jungen unt frifd)en .Gräfte njcrben — bad l;offen toir mit guter 8uoerfic^t — unferer Schule bel;ilflic^ fein, i^r l;o^eo 3iel ju erreichen unb i^rem Organidmud ticjenigc gefunbc un^ ein^eitlid^e geftigung ju geben, bie bie !['(?fung ber ibr neu gcftelltcu XHufgabc ernii?g(ic^t mt jur SBa^r^eit uferten lägt. ^cn ben ^eitber ^rooiforifd^ an ber Schule angefteüten Öc^rern ift $err Dr. Änaut^ mit (>r^ebung ber Sc^»ule ^ur erften Orbnung jur befinitioen 5lnfteüung 21 gelangt; bagcgcn finb bic bcibcn anbcm t>robiforif(i^ angcftettten (S:oaegcn $err »rin!« mann unb »Icinicfc aud unferm (S:o«egium audgefd^ieben. öfterer (egte Oftern Ö. 3., nad^bcm er fünf 3a^r unter und getoirft ffattt, fein 3Cmt freitoittig niebcr mi ber gortfefeung feiner Stubien ungeftört obliegen gu fönnen. gelterer ^at nur ein 3a^r feiner ©teße borgeftanben unb ging nad^ mäfaüi aid ße^rer an bie Slderbau- fd^ule in «aberdleben. «eibe ^aben fic^ burc^ i^re erfolgreiche 2;^ätig!eit ben !Dan! unb bie freunblid^e Erinnerung unferer Sd^ule gefid^ert. "^a^ ^amen^33erjei^ni§, bie ^angorbnung unb bie :öcfc^äftigung fämmtlicfier lefet an ber 9?ealfd^ute t^ätigen Oberlehrer, Sollegen unb ße^rer, mic fie bie nm Sc^ulorbnung feftgeftellt l^at, folgt unter IL :Die grequeuä ber ®c^ule f^lo§ nac^ bem bor jährigen ^Jrogramm mit 451 Sd^ulern, aid ^Zobijen tourben feitbem aufgenommen ._j^. 151 bon~bicfeir602 l finb im Saufe bed 3a^red abgegangen . . . . 1 78 mithin gegenwärtiger 55eftanb . 424 : bic fic^ auf bie bcrfd^iebenen klaffen folgenbermagen bertl^eilen: L klaffe 15 Sd^üler, IV A. tlaffe 48 (Schüler, H A- ^ 24 . IT B. . 58 . II B. * 36 * V A. . 55 . III A. . 46 ^ V B. . 60 * III B. . 44 . VI. , 38 Unter ben 178 abgegangenen ec^ülern nennen toir an erfter ©teüe bie bier rberprimaner, bie am 11. 3Kärg unb refp. 26. Sluguft b. 3. unter bem 5Borfifec bed königlichen ßommiffariud §errn ^egierungd^ unb (»d^ulrat^ Dr. Xrinfler fic6 bad 3eugni§ ber 9Jeife ertoorben l^aben : A. S3or Dftem; ^totpf) ^eic^ter and ^aße, 21 3a^r alt, reformirter (Sonfeffion, ipar 4^4 3a^r auf ber 9?ealfd^ule, babon IV4 3a^r in ber erften klaffe, erhielt bad ^räbicot „ ®ut beftanben " unb tourbe ©eomcter. B. 33or SWid^aeli: 1) 3o^ann Subtotg §eim and (Salbungen, 17^^ 3a^r alt, ebangclifc^er (Sonfeffion, toar 4»/, 3a]^r auf ber 9?ealfd^ulc, babon 2Vo 3a^r in ^rimo, erhielt bad ^räbicat „®ut beftanben" unb ging jum «aufad^ über. 2) Sari granj 3ofe|)]^ !5)icla6 and «öiefentl^al , 19'/, 3a^r alt, cbangc^ lifd^ Sonfeffion, toar 6V0 3a^r auf ber ^ealfd^ule^ babon 3 3a^r in 4 n ^rima, erlieft ba^ ^räbicat ,,®enÜ9enb Beftanben" unb ging junt ^an* faci^ über. 3) griebri^ örbmann @e^tege(mi(ci^ au« ^dpii^, 17^^ Qa^x ait, gusino^diid^cx Confefficn, n?ar 8'/. 3a^r auf ber ^Reatfc^uk, batjcn 2 3a^r in '»Prima, crl^ielt baö *Präbicat „ ^enügenb Bcftanben " unb n?urbe (E^emifer. 35ün ben übrigen 174 abgegangenen (Sd^ükrn fa§en Bereite in I A. — , unb luaren erft in biefc Ä(a)fe terfe^t 1 ^dfiiia-, I B. 7, * * * 2 ' n A. 28, * * * 2 * II B. 29, ^ * ^ 5 . HI A. 15, * * * 6 * ni B. 14, * ^ * 6 ^ IV A. 13, - * * 5 * lY B. 15, * * * 4 . V A. 8, * * * 7 ^ Y B. 5, * * » 1 ^ VI. 3, * * * — 5 3?en biefcn 5(6gegangeneu iDurbcn 58 Kaufmann, 28 !i?anbn)irt]^ , 6 ©olbat, 8 a)iaf d)inenbaucr , 1 :33ierbrauer, 3 gabrifant, 4 3immermann , 1 Slpct^efer, 3 Seemann, 2 iöuc^^änbkr, 2 ^ecretair, 2 Gifenba^nbeamtc , 1 Sagenbauer, 1 3nfmimcntenmad;cr, 1 ^ürf ebner, 1 (^cf;iffer, 1 ent^ riffen. ^JJac^beni er fc^cn ein SBicvtetja^r lang bie (Schüfe l^atte meiben muffen, fe^rte er in feine S)eimat^ jurüd unb i^crfc^ieb bcrt am 24. 3anuar b. 3. (Strebfam unb !int(i(j^ toie er n?ar, terlcr \^\\ bie geier:^ unb geft(id;!eiten , an bencn fic^ fämmtüc^c Öe^rer unb (Sc^nfcr bet^eiligten , führen tpir ^ier fctgenbc auf: aj^it ber (Eröffnung be$ (Sommer* unb Sin* tcrcurfuö am 9. 5(|?ri( unb am 8. October ijerbanb fic^ bie 33er^flic^tung ber Dlooijcn unb bie ßinfü^rung ber neu angefteüten J^c^rer: Cftern ber beiben (Eoüegen §erm 2:fc^ifcbtt)i^ unb Dr. Seit^el; unb a»ic^ae(i beö §errn Coüegen ^ie^ unb be« §crrn Cberle^rerö Dr. ©eift. ^er (gegen baju tourbe ton oben erffe^t. — !Die ' 23 l^eiHge 5lbenbma^t^feter hjurbe t>on ben Se^rern unb ©tabtfd^üfern in ber ©t. SDJori^* fir^e am 20. October begangen. (5^ bet^eitigten fid^ an berfetben 15 gel^rcr unb 66 (Sd;üter. — !Da ber ^o^e Äönigfic^e (SJeburt^tag gcrabe auf ben erften %a^ ber gerien fiel, fo tt>urbe J?on ber geier beffelben an biefem Xage abgefe^en unb berfelbc in einer n?ürbigen 33orfeier am 21. SJ^ärj begangen. $err (Eoüege ^öCjfe, ber geft- rebner, toicö nad^ einem gemeinfd;aftad^en ©efange barauf l^in, bag ba« geft, \Qz{^t% fonft ein 2:ag ber aügemeinen greube toar, in biefem 3a^re mit gemifd^ten (^efü^(en begangen irerbe, ba bie ^erjcn nod; tief beioegt feien bon bem (Sd^merj um ben bor ^urjem erft ba^ingef(*iebenen Äönig, einen ^önig, ber feinem 33e(fe jtoanjig 3a^r ein (iebenber 23ater gen?efen ioar. „ !:Diefent (gd^merje — fo f n^r ber §err ^ebner ungefähr fort — geben \m unö um fo me^r l^in, ba toir n?iffen, bag ber §o^c §err, bem bie l^eutige geier gilt, ben fd^h?ercn 33crruft, ben ba$ ißanb burc^ ben fc^merj* ri^en 2:0b fcincö i>ie(ge(iebten iöruberö erlitten l^at, nod^ tiefer fü^It, a\% fein 230«. üDennod; tjerjagen n?ir nic^t in nnferm (Sc^merje, fonbern ergeben unfre ^erjen freubig ju (^^ott, um ir;m jn banfen, bag er un^ in Sit^etm I. einen ^önig gegeben l^at, ber fein ganjeö ^ir aber aud^ in ü^cmut^ ju unferm l^immlifd^en 23ater, bag er unferm geliebten tönige eine (ange unb gefegnete 9?egiernng ter(ei^en unb i^n mit (Seiner traft au^rüften möge, bamit er fein 23o(f burc^ bie mand;er(ei Stürme, bie i^m oon aßen Seiten broken, glücflic!) ^inburd(>fü^ren fönne. !Dag bieö gefc^e^en tt)irb, bafür bürgt m^ ein ^(ic! auf ^reugen« groge 23ergangen^eit, unb ujir finb ba^er uon ber fro^eften 3ui>erfidj>t befeelt, bag ber (^ott, ber tor 100 3ar;ren ^reugen auö tieffter ^tii^ gtücftid^ errettet ^ai , e« and; jc^t nic^t terfaffen nnrb." — !^en (5ib ber 2:reue unb bee (^el^orfam« gegen i^ren neuen tönig legten fammt^ (idf^c öe^rer am 19. Wix\ t. ^, tor bem §errn Director Dr. tram er in eigenö ba3u berufener il'crfammlung qIS>, Sc^liegfic^ tonnen loir ^.zx auc^ nid^t bad !Do|}jje( * 3ubi(äum unerujä^nt (äffen, bad nac^ fünfiinb^njanjigiä^riger Sel^rertptigfeit an unfcrer Schute ber §crr Ober* (el^rer Spieg am 18. Slprit, unb §err (Soüegc Dr. tnant^ am 31. October ju feiern (^etegen^cit fanben. 92id^t nur baö |)oc^(öb(ic^e X)irectorium erfreute bie beiben 3ubilare mit el^rentoüen 3wf'^i^iften ber 2(ner!ennung i^ver Sir! famfeit , fon* bem auc^ Se^rer unb Schüler Ratten fic^ vereinigt, Reiben ^en^eifc ton i^rcr greunbfc^aft, §oc^adbtung unb 5^iebe ju geben. M 1. 2. 3. 7. 8. *fcip 9. 10. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. n. Ste 2e|ttr ttttb t^re Se^tffitnben. 9lttiwem IC rbtnar. I I A. B. I HA. I HB. ^rofef[ot.3icmann, M^jector, 11 et. I ^ B I ^Religion 2 aicltgion 2 ^Religion 2 Oberlehrer Dr. «Rafcmann, 19 @t n A. Latein 3 ©efd^id^te 2 Latein 4 ©efc^td^te 2 2>eutf(i^ 3 Oberlehrer @<)ie§, 25 ^t. 3ei(^nen 3 3eic^nen 2 3eic^nen 2 Oberlehrer Dr. @ei|l, 20 @t. II B. 2)eutf^ 3 2)eutf(^ 3 Gattin 4 @ef(^t^te 2 OberCe^er Dr. ZxetU, 20 @t. Ill A. OSertel^rer ^a^nemann, 20 eutf(^ 3 ; Latein 5 @ef(^i(^te 2 üRineralogie u. ^otanit 2 iD^ineralogie u. «otanif 2. 3oo(ogie 2 3ootogic 2 9{e(tgton 3 @ef(^i(^te 2 9Ratbetnattt 5 m\it 2 9{engton 3 @ef(^i(^te 1 iD^at^emati! 5 a^atbematif 4 «t 9{eligion 2 Deutf(^ 3 f^ranjöfift^ 5 @eogra^bic 2 gran^Sfift^ 5 9teligion 3 ffttäfntn 1 Uc^ntn 1 SRed^nen 2 ®efd)id^te2 IJ""»/ ®eogra<)bic 2 ,^^"^^ * Sled^nen 4 (Snglifd^ 4 (Snglifc^ 4 IJatein 7 l^ransofiftb 5 3)eutf(^ 4 $?atein 7 ©eograpbic 1 «atein 9 graniSfifd^ 4 granjofift^ 4 f^ranjofifd^ 5 ©eogro^bic 2 ©(i^reiben 3 17. I Scbrcr 3)hinbolb, 4 et. !S)eut|(l(f 4 99e(^nen 5 18. I ?ebrer SBeber, 2 et. I ISD^at^emati! 4 | 19. I gebrer eia^er, 4 et. I I I I I I I I I |9{aturgef(^. 2 I I 20. I SPtufiftircctcr @rcger, 4 et. [ 21. ] $fc^rer «ilfe, 4 6t. | I I 3»ei Hbtbeilungen im eingen, 2 ©t. 13ei(^nen 2 )3ei(^nen 2 I eingen 1 3m Xumen brei befonbere abt^ibmgett k 8 Stiegen 3 6t., nub ctne etunbe für bie Sortumer. eingen 1 I 26 HI. ungemeine Se^tnetfaffung. Sic cBcn bcmcrft, roax tcr Scl^r^(an an ber (Schute Bereites bet ,, bleuen Unter* ricbt^evtnung '' an^c^afet mib turc^ alle Rtafjcn in^ Sebcn getreten, aU tie ^o^c 3)2ini|tena('S5erfüijuncj i>om 4. 3imi t). 3. bie nene 53eftimmung traf, fca§ au^ für bie Xertia, ftatt cineö einjährigen (Eurfuö, ein jn)ciiä^riger einzurichten fei. !5)er l^iernad^ fcfcrt mobificirte Öc^r|j(an erhielt bie ®enel;niigung ber borgefe^ten ^el^örben nnb ift feit 3}^ic(;acli in^ Scbeu getreten, ^o l;aben benn ^^rima, (Seennba unb 2^crtia je einen '^ireijäf^rigen , Cuarta, Cninta unb ^c^ta je einen jährigen (Eurfuö. 3« bcrfetkni ^dt nnirtc bie (Seeunba C. aufgegeben. 3f;r '}?enfum ift auf <5ecunca B. übertragen unt nuigte beel;alb bie (iurfuöbauer biefer klaffe bcn einem i^atbcn auf ein gan^ex^ 3a[;r auögetel;nt iuerben. 3ur il>crineibung »on 2Bicbcr[;o(ungen in bem nun fc(genben Sel^r^tan ber (Bd>\\k bemerfen UMr im ^lUgemeinen: a) ba§ an f;äutMi^en, ber (Sorrectur beö 2^f)^ xcx^ unteriverfenen , fd;rift(id;cn 3(rbeiten für bie beutf^e, (ateinifd^e, franjcfifd;e unb cnglifc^e ^praitc unb für 2)ktf)ematif ref|?. 9?e^nen in ben klaffen I. bi^ III B. aüe brei 3i?erf)cn, in ben .klaffen IV A. bi^^ VI. alle tierse^n 2:age je eine geliefert »erben muß, unb ta^ bie Stbüeferungetermine ju 5lnfang ieg(id;en (Scmefter^ bon ber iScnfcrcn^ fcftgefteüt iperbcn, um CSeUifienen unb Überbürbung ber ^c^üler ju ber* büten; b) tai iregen :i3ermintcrung ber Sd>enfc^reibeftunben nnb jur Unterftü^ung be^^ bcnt)d;cn 3prad)unterrid;lv^ in a (ten 2(rbeiten auf eine gute §anbfc^rift nnb auf crt^egravt;ifd)c Gcrrectl^eit gef^attcu n^irb ; c) ta^ fämmt(ic^)en $Hc(igiencf(af]en ie 2 Vi^ 3 ^Icrnlicber an^ bem (^efangbud;c jur Grftärung unb jum Sludirenbiglernen bcr^ gefc^rieben finb. ^Jietigicn. 5(uen}a^( mi GVfd>id;ten a\\^ bem 21. I., in ©rupfen jufammen* geftcdt; in ber Äöibel getefcu unb erftärt, nnb nad; fxai^ mit ben ni>t[;igen !l^enf* unb *lernfprüd;cn gcternt. 3 St. 3m Scmmer: i^ebrcr J^cmme; im Sinter: (5elL9?iet.. I^eutfd). l'cfcn mit $Kücffid?t auf ecrrectc 3(uöfprac^e nnb 3nterpuncticn, fo irie i\n-bunbcn mit crt^cgrav!;iidH^n Übungen, llntcrfdieibung ber Scrterftaffen. 5lb(citung unb 3ufammenfct5ung tcr Sorter. Xecliniren unb (kcnjugiren. ilenntniB bex^ nacften Safeci^. greie^.^ i)Jad)cr3äf;(en bev^ in ben 2d}ui *^ib(ict^e!ebüc^ern ®e(e* fenen , fo nne and) nacb i^orer-yibtungen be^^ ^?e^rerv\ 3)K^t^obifd; geortnete 5(bfc^riften. ®d)rifi(ic^e Stilübungen. 4 3t. 3m Sommer: V^^^rer Ji^emme; im Sinter: i^e^rer f)cnnig. « 27 Sat ein. !J:)ecnnatton be« «Subftantib«, Slbjectib« unb "pronomen, Sum unb bie bter (Eoniugationen im Slctib unb ^affit). Sa^bilbung nnb Unterfc^eibung ber (Sa^t^eile. Überfettung im ßüeubt m ^x. 20. Sßiel Sßocabeln; Ui (entern ©eacf;* tung i^rer Sanbetungen nnb 3ufammenfügungen ju Sä^en. !Dic überfe^ten (Säfec tourben bcränbert nnb tourben neue an^ i^nen gebilbet. '^k (5^*ercitien tourben mit §ilfe ber erlernten 58ocabeln ftreng nad^ benen au^ bem öefebuc^e gebilbet. 9 St. 3m (Sommer: Öel^rer ißemme; im Sinter: (Soll. Dr. ^nant^. (S^ef^id^te. 3übifc^e O^efc^i^te, aU 3ufammenfaffung in l^iftorifc^er 33er* binbnng ber im 9?eligion«unterrid^te gelernten (^injelerjä^lungen bi« jur ®eburt (E^rifti. 1 (St. 3m Sommer: Seigrer ßemme; im Sinter: (5oü. diiti^. ®eo gr a|)^ie. !:Die ßrbe nad^ i^rer ^eftalt unb :öen)egung. S3erftänbniB eine« (S^lobu«, eineiS ^lane« unb einer ^anbfarte. !Die ^roüing Sad^fen mit i^ren iöetoo^nern, toic^tigften 3nbnftriejn)eigen unb ^robucten. §alle. 2 (St. 3m Sem* mer: ßel^rer §ennig; im Sinter: Soll. §arang. 9Jed^nen. ^opf* unb Xafelred^nen. S3efeftignng ber bicr (S|)ecie« in unbe* nannten nnb benannten 3^^^^«- 9?efolution unb Otebnction benannter ganjen 3a^len. S3orübungen gu ben ^rüd^en. 9?efolution benannter ^rüd^e. 5 St. Seigrer §enn ig. , DUturfunbc. ©rfal^rungöunterrid^t ((Srfennung, iöeobad^tnng unb ^SDarftel* lung) über nai^eliegenbe ©egenftänbe an« allen brei 5)kturreid^en. 2 (St. 8el;rer Scber. 3eid;nen. (3cnaut unb faubere (^ontoure bon gerablinigen , bann bon frumm* linigen giguren, bom ßeid^tern jum(Sd;n)erern, bom (Sinfad^en jum 3itfönimengefe^ten fortfd^reitenb. 5lnbeutung be« Sd^atten« im Contour. Übung be« Slngenmaaße« unb ber freien §anb. 2 St. ßel^rer (Sc^a)?er. (Sd^5nfc^reiben. dladi) SSorfc^riften bon §einrig«. (irftrebung ber Sc^ön* l^eit in ber gorm, ^eutlid^feit unb Seic^tigfeit ber ^udbftaben, Sl;lben, Sorter unb 3eilen. Übung im geberfc^neiben. 3 St. (Soll. §arang. Untcr^Ouinttt» 9^eligton. Seben, S^^aten nnb (Sleid^niffe 3efu nad^ ben brei erften (5ban* gcfien, bi« ju feinem (Sinjuge in 3erufalem, mit S^rüc^en unb (Sr!lärungen. 3 ®t. 3m (Sommer: Seigrer Dr. ^z^nr, im Sinter: (Soü. $Rie^. üDeutfd^. Sefen mit 2lu«brudf. Ort^ogra^l^ifc^ * grammatifc^e Übungen nad^ beftimmt gefaxten ^Regeln, unb (Einübung ber $rä|5ofitionen. 2Jiünblid^e Srjäl^lungen au« ben(Sd^ul*iöibliot^ef«büd^ern, oft mit Eingabe ber Unterfd^eibung«5eid^en. (Sd^rift* liti^e @ti(übungcn in &rjä^(ung«form. 4 (St. 3m ©ommcr: Secret Dr. 3cl^nc; im Pointer: (Sou. Br. ^naut^. i^ ate in. SBieberl^ctung. Numeralia. Deponentia. Verba anomala et de- fectiva. (Einübung ber Verba mit unregelmäßigen Stammformen nad^ (Sd^utj §. 53—56. 3}2ünbli^e unb fc^rlftlid^c Überfe^ung au^ Süenbt« gefebuc^ bi« §. 47. a^ecabeln unb bereu ^enu^ung ipie oben, ©ätje l^iftorifd^cn 3n^a(t«, jo tt)ic (Sen* teujen unb S)jrid;U)örter tourben grammatifd^ unb bem (Sinne nad^ erttärt unb au«^ toenbig gelernt, ^it bem erlernten S3ocabe(|ci^a^ mußten bie (Sd^üler felbft (Säfee bitben unb glcic^ Iatcini|ci() fagen, 5(nberc mußten fie gkid^ beutfd^ toiebergebcn. 7 (St. (>cü. Dr. tnautl^. granjcfifc^. Übungen in unb nad^ fi'oi^ 1. (Surf. tot. 1—40. S3efonberc 53ead^tung einer richtigen 2(udf^rad^e. @^tempora(ien. 5 (St. ßoü. parang. ©efd^ic^te. Sagen and ber antuen Sett unb iöiogratJ^ieen großer Scanner au^ ber griedf>ifc^cn unb römifd;cn @efdf>id^te hi^ auf bie 3eit bed taifer Sluguftud. 2 (St. 3m Sommer: Gcü. Dr. An a ut^; im Sinter: Sott. ^iie^. ©eogra^l^ie. Slo^ifd^e ©eograp^ie Don ben fünf (5rbt^ei(en mit i^rcn Speeren, 3nfe(n, §a(binfctn, 2U?ecr^ unb Sanbengen unb ©ebirgen. 1 @t. (Sou. Dr. ^nautl^. OJec^nen. Slbbition, Subtraction unb 2^u(ti))(ication unbenannter unb benannt ter :53riic^c, im £o^fe unb auf ber Xafcl geübt. 4 (St. 3m (Sommer: li^el^rer :pennig; im Sinter: (Sou. Dr. (Süntl^er. 5« at ur!u übe. '^a^ menf^Iic^e (SMett. 5Bon ben innem Organen nur bie Xffdk unb i^age berfelben. DJaturgefdbic^te ber (Säuget^icrc, namentüd^ ber ^aii^-^ t^iere. 5(u£igen>ä^tt lourben einige §)au^tformen, (Sd^itberung bereu Mendmeife, ^cfc^rcibung unb 33erglcid^uug berfelben; 5(ufftcüung eined Xt^pm für jebe Crbnung. 2 (St. 3m Sommer: it^c^rer Seber; im Sinter: (Sou. ®eift. 3eid^nen. Sie in Se^ta. Slntoenbung ber im eo|)iren geübten gormen auf loirfli^e 'Jiaturgegenftänbe. 9(nbeutung bed Schattend burc^ (eidjite (Striche. 2 (St. i>e^rer ifd;e (^eogra^^ie. ^ic fünf Scltt^cilc mit i^rcn glüffen, :^eti>o^nern, ^Hcgierungdformen. '^a^ Sonnenfi^ftem. 1 St. Sott. §öl^fc. 9Zaturfunbe. :^ef^rcibenbc 9kturgcid;ic^te (f. Unterquinta) ber einl^eimifd;en 33ögcl, 5lmp^ibicn unb gif^c. 5lllgemeine iöcmerfungen über bie ® lieber* unb^auc^* tbicre. 2 St. (Sett. (Seift. Dtec^ncn. 23crbinbung bed grü^ern mit (Erlernung ber !^iDifion benannter ^vüc^e; $»ebuction benannter iörüd^e. 3citrcd;nung. 4 St. 3m Sommer: ge^rer Seber; im Sinter: Sott. Dr. (Süntl;cr. 3cic^ncn. Sic in Unter ^ Ouinta. 2 St. Oberlehrer ®|)ieß. Sd()ön]c^ reiben. Sie in Unter -Quinta. (Sr^ielung Don (S^eläufigfeit, ol^ne (Sintrag ber cerx'ccten gorm unb (Slegan^. 2 (St. Oberlehrer Spieß. tlitler^Cnarta. Secti^ion. tonen imb 5ß3ortcr«ärung be« ßut^cvfc^cn Äatcc^iemuei ; 1. unb 2. §auptftü(f. gefcn bed 1. 3)?ofc mit 5(uön>a^( unb eine« X^ciCc« be« 2. 3)?cfe. Sicber- ^olung unb ergan.^ung ber früher (®e^a) erternten (vrja^tungen an« bem 3(. X. 2 ©t (Sou. Dr. ©rotjan. !l)eutfrf;. ^efen, mit 9?ac^U)eifung unb ßinfü^rung in ba« 33crftänbni§ ber 3ntcrpunction. S3egviff , 2(rten unb 33eftaiibt^ei(c be« Safee« im Slügcmcinen. 8c^ön^ (cfen tl^eil« |)rcfaifd^er, t^m ))oetifc^er i|(^toife; im Sinter: Coü. Dr. ©rotjan. ^efd^ic^tc. ^rie^ifc^c ©efc^id^te bi« Slle^anber bcm (trogen in et^nogra^ pmd^n Seife. 2 St. 3m Sommer: Ccü. 2fc^ifd;n)ife; im Sinter: doli. Dr. C^üntl^er. ®cograpf;ic. Xcpi]d}c unb pciiti]^c (^Vogra^^ie ber europäifc^en Räuber unb Staaten. 3m Sommer: ßoU. Dr. ©rotjan; im Sinter: ^oü. Dr. ©untrer. Planimetrie. Elemente. 33on ben ©runbfäfeen, 2mkn, ebenen giguren, im iöefonbern oon ben ©reierfen unb ^araüelogrammen. 4 St. Öe^rer SDJein^olb! »eec^nen. ©nfac^e ^Kegclbetri, auf ber 2:afel unb im to)>fe. 2 2t 3m Sommer: ^e^rer Seber; im Sinter: (Eoü. Dr. ©untrer. ^3latur!unbe. 3m Sommer: «efc^reibenbc iöotanü. Xenninologie. ^ennt- mg ber (Kultur ^ unb ber befanntcften toilb n?ac^fcnben ^flansen. 3)a« Öinne^fc^e ^t)ftem. — 3m Sinter: Elemente ber Steinfunbe; tonjeic^en ber »icbtigften unb bcfanntefteu ©efteine. ^an ber ($rbe. 2 St. (^oü. ©ei ft. Bcic^nen. Sc^attircn, crft mit ^lei, bann mit toibe, an Sanbfc^aften o^ne ^Jaumtc^lag, an Blumen, ernamenten, u. f. to, ^ahd C)intoeifung auf bafte^enbc : 81 mat^cmatifc^e tör^cr. 5lufang im ^aturjeic^nen. ©nige Sin!e ju serf|)ectibif(jber Stuf faff ung. 2 St. Dberlel^rcr Spieg. Sd^ijnfd^reiben. kluger ber gortfe^ung ber frühem Übungen, S5erfud^e im S^nellfdjönfci^reibcn nnb in ber l^anbfartenfc^rift. äWalerei unb ^unftft^rift unterblieb. 2 St. Cberle^rer S|)ieg. 9teligion. tonen unb Sorterflärung be« 3. 4. unb 5. §au|?tftu(f« au^ ^ut^er'« Hated;i«mu«. ßefen unb örflärung be« ©bangelium« 3)?att^äi unb ber bem !ßuca« eigent^ümlidj^en "»Parabeln {^ap, 10. 15. 16. 18.), berbunben mit Sieber^olung unb (Ergänzungen au« Ouinta. 2 St. 3m Sommer: Soll. Dr. ©üntl;er; im Sinter: (Soll. Dr. ©rotjan. ^r^eutfc^. 3ln ba« Sefen tourben bie ©runb^üge ber Sa^ * unb 3ntevpunction«* Icl^re, an bie Ic^tcrn bie (irflärung nnb ber ©cbraud^ ber (Sonjunctionen gefnü^ft. greie« (irjä^len nad^ ben :öibliot^e!«büci^ern toic in Unterquarta. Stiliftifc^c Übungen in gorm bon Briefen mit furzen S^ilberungen. 3lntocifung jur !X:itulatur. 3 St. 3m Sommer: (Soll. Dr. ©üntl^er; im Sinter: (Soll. Dr. ©rotjan. J^ ate in. (Safu«le]^re. Dem entf)?rec^enbe Übungen im ©riJbel. 3m (Cornel tourben überfc^t: Cimon, Lysander, Alcibiades, Thrasybulus. (Ejercitien unb Q}c- tcmporalien. 6 St. 3m Sommer: (Soll. Dr. ©untrer; im Sinter: Oberlehrer Dr. ©eift. granjöfif^. ^lö^ IL (Surf. tot. 1—23. :öemer!ungen ju ben regelmä- ßigen 33erben. Sc^riftlid^e nnb münblid^e Übungen in ben unregelmäßigen 33erben. i^^ctüre im Xrijgcl; Contes et Dialogues. ^Retroberfion unb 3)^emorirübungen. (5^em* ^oratien. 5 St. 3m Sommer: Soll. §arang; im Sinter: Soll. Dr. ©rotjan. ©ef^id;te. ^lijmifc^c ©efc^id^te bi« maxc Slurel. Sßerbreitung be« S^riften-^ t^um«. Ääm^>fe mit ben Deutfc^en. 2 St. 3m Sommer: Soll. Dr. ©untrer; im Sinter: Oberlehrer Dr. ©eift. ©eograp^ie. Xo^ifd^e unb ^olitifd^e ©eograj?^ie bon Deutfci^lanb unb feiner Staaten. O^e^etition ber auBereuro^äifc^en Scltt^eile. 2 St. 3m Sommer: Soü. Dr. ©untrer; im Sinter: Soll. Dr. ©rotjan. Planimetrie. © leic^^eit ber gläc^enin^alte . *?^t^agoräif c^er «e W«fe- ^Per X^cil ber ^^e^re oom trcife. 5lntocifung jur felbftftänbtgen l^öfung bon leidsten 2luf- gaben in ber v^laffc. iöetonung be« ©ange« einer SCuflijfung. 4 St. 3m Sommer: torer 2JJein^olb; im Sinter: Soü. Dr. Seidel. 5* fppp 9?ed^ncn. 3ufammcngcfc^tc 9?egc(bctri unb 3eitrec^nmi3 , ti}cii^ im Äcpfe, %U^ ouf ber XafeL 2 (5t. Ccü. Dr. ©untrer. ^:)^aturfunbe. SBie in Uutcvquarta. 2 (St. Cea. ®ctft. 3cic^ncn. Sc in Untcvqiiavta. 2 (St Cbcr(e(;rer (S)?ic§. 8c^önfd;reiben. !Dc^ij(. 2 St. Cber(cf;rcr rüd^e. 2 6t. 3m (Sommer: (5oU. Dr. (^rctjan; im Sinter: (Ecu. ^ie^. ^eutf^. ^cfen unb 5(naä)ie (eic^tcrcr ^aUabcn bcn llf;(anb, (E^amiffo unb Bürger. 5l>ier n^urben genauer burc(;vjcncmmen unb mcmerirt. (Stitiftifc^c lUmußcn in gorm i>cn i8e|d;rei6unijcn unb S^itterungcn, mit befontcrcr iöcad^tuncj ber 2(norb^ nuttii ber ©ebanfen. $Hcprobucirentc i>orträge mit 9^ücf|ic^t auf cbigc ^tilgattung. 3 8t. 3m Sommer: iScU. Dr. (i^rotjan; im iBinter: Goü. 9iic^. Latein. Sieberr;o(un.q unb ireiterc Übunc^ beö ^^cnfumö bon Cbcrquarta burd; S3ei|>ie(bi(bung unb Über|\%nuuien au^ (stöbet, (^clefcn, burdigenommen , retrooertirt unb t^eitioeifc mcmorirt Ujurbcn a\i^ (Sorne(: Themist., Arist., Pausan., Agesil., Phocion, Timoleon, de Eegibiis, Hamilcar, Hannibal, ^n bcn (f^crciticn unb (^^tem^oratien tourbcn (^rotefcnte 9}?ateria(ien benngt. 5 (St. 3m Sommer: (iolt. Dr. Hnaut^; im SBinter: l5ol(. ^Jiie^. Svanjöfifd;. '^himeubung t>on avoir unb etre bei ber (Sonjugation. Verbes pronom. et impers. Ä^oms declinablcs. Adverbes. iS'ombres. Prepositions. I^ectüre im 2^rögct: Histoire naturelle, Histoire grecque. T^aei ©ctcfenc tourbe rctrotcrtirt unbmemorirt. (E^emporalien. 4 St. 3m (Sommer: (ioü. Dr. (^rotjan; im Sinter: CcU. §aranvj. ßngtifd). I^ie ganje gormenk^re nad) götfing 1. X^cit. ilMetfacf^c ÜSung ber ßorrcct^cit in ber 3luo|>ra^c unb Ort^ogra|)^ic. 3u ben ^Regeln 5a^(reid;e >öei- fpicle münblid^ unb fc^riftlid;. 4 St. (Eolt. Xfc^ifd^ipi^. ®ef e^id^te. T)eutfc^e (^efdncfttc m 1618. Einlage bon d^ronorogifd^cn Xaküen. 2 St. 3m (Sommer: (EoK. Dr. (S^otjan: im Sinter: Soü. ^ietj. (^eograp^ie. ^oemograp^^ic. i^^i^fifdje unb ^olitifc^e ©eograp^ie bon 2()(cn unb Slmerüa. 2 vSt. 3m «Sommer: (Eoü. Dr. ©rotjan; im Sinter: ber 3n)>ector, SÄat^ematü. gigurcn in uno um bcn ^ei«. (^cometrifc^c ^^ro)?ortiondte^rc. — 2?on bcn Gummen unb Unterfc^ieben, ^robucten unb Quotienten. D^ec^nung mit (eic^tern 2(ga^»^a^ten. 5 St. 3m Sommer : \!c^rer a)k i nl^ o I b ; im Sinter : (Soü. Dr. S c i 6 e L 33 9lcd^nen. !5)ecimalbrü(i^c unb bereu ^ractifd^c 5(ntt)cnbung. 1 (St. Goß. Dr. ©untrer. ?^i?fif. 53eobad^tungcn über bie allgemeinen ©genfd^aften an ben fcften, püf^ figen unb luftförmigen Äör^jern. 3Son ber (Sc^h?cre. (S^tDer^junft. Dbcrfläd^e be« gtüffigen in einem offnen ©efäge. (Eompreffion ber gtüffigfeiten. (Sommunicirenbe 9?ö^ren. 92ebe(, Sotfen, $Regen, (Sd^nee, §age(. 2 8t. 3m Sommer: (EoÜ. Dr. Seilet; im Sinter: Goü. (Steift. 3eid^nen. ^erüdfid^tigung bcö fünftigen ^cruf^ ber 8d^ii(er. !^arum auger bcn Leitern Übungen im freien ^anbjeicl^ncu , auc^ bie (5(emente im linear == unb ^(anjcic^ncn unb (^ebraud^ bed Oleifeeuged. 2?erftänbnig bon 5(uf^ unb ©runbriffen unb 8ituationie^|}(änen. (vrlpciterung ber )>erfpectioifd^en Regeln. 9}iatcria(: ^iDoppettc treibe unb 2;ufd;e. 2 (St. SDbcrte^rer (Sj^ieg. DhtX'Xtxiia. 9?c(igion. ©el^anbtnng bed 2. unb 3. m-tifetd, bed 3. 4. unb 5. §au))tftüdcd, ivic in Untertertia. 2 (St. Cber(e(;rer Dr. Xrot^a. !Deutfd^. ßefung unb (Erflärung (Sd^iüerfc^er iöadabcn. (Stitiftifc^e Übungen in ffcincn ®efd;äftdauf fä^en , nebft Stnttjcifnng jur 2:itu(atur. Einleitung jum Did)?onircn, nebft 93erfud^cn, bie !Die)>ofition audjufül^ren. $^e|5robucirenbe 5>orträge and ber ^rioattcctiire, namenttic^ and bem l^iftorifc^en , gcogra^^>ifd^en unb natur^iftorifc^en (^^hktc, SluBcrbcm erftredte fic^ bie "ißrioadectüre auf (Sc^itlcrd 3ungfrau, aJiaria (Stuart unb Xc\i, 3 St. 3m (Sommer: (Soü. Dr. ©rotjan; im Sinter: Cbcr^^ (el^rcr Dr. 2:rot^a. 8 at ein. 3n ber (Srammattf: Acc. c. Inf., Ut, Ke; ^artici^^ialconftructionen, öielfad^ geübt in (J^ercitien unb (^^-temporatien. Überfe^t aud Cornel: Pelopidas; and Caes. bell. gall. Ill unb Y, c. 1 — 25. X)ad ®e(efene n^urbe grammatifc^ unb fac^üd^ crfCärt, retrobertirt unb t^eiÜDcife mcmorirt, too^t aud^ ju (^^cmporaüen benutzt. Slnfangd u?urbe nad^ ber (lonftruction unb mi>g(i^ft toijrttic^, fpäter in gute« üDeutfc^ überfetjt. 5 (St. 3m (Sbmmer: Goü. Dr. Änaut^; im Sinter: Dberte^rer Dr. 9'iafemann. granjijfifd^. ^e^etition ber Yerbes. Sortfteüung. !Die 9}^oben unb 3"ten, mit (Sjtem^oraticn. ßectüre im Xröget: Les ours deBeme, lesBaskirs, Chasse aux mousquites , Modeies de Lettres. ^etroberfionen unb aJlemorirübungen. !X)ad Über« fefete teurbc aud^ ^u (Spred^übungen »ertoertl^et unb mad^te mogtic^, ben Unterrtd^t t^eilnjeifc in franjöfifd^cr (Sprad^c ju crtl^eiCen. 4 8t. 3m (Sommer: (Eoü. Xf c^ifc^* )Dt(; im Sinter: (^olt. parang. ■7" a4 engUfc^. SHc^ctition be« tjorigcn "^nfum«. ^^ntactifd^c D^egcfn. (5« tourbc iMc(ce> an bie Xafel gcfc^ricben unb corrigtrt, 5Inbere« in gorm »on (5^tem<>oraacn geübt. X^ic bcffern @d^ü(er lieferten aitd^ toc^l freie Slrbciten in Briefform. ®nige natur* I;iftorif(^e (Stficfe n>urben tocxtiidf an«tt)enbig gelernt nnb jn <ö^rec^übnngen bcrtoenbct. 4 @t. ßcü. 2:)ct^ifc^n>i^. a^efc^icif>tc. ^ipreuBife^-iöranbenburgifc^e ^cfd;id^tc »en 1618 — 1840 mit :sÖcrücfiid)tigung bcr bcutfcf^cn ^efc^id;te. 2 ^t 3m (Sommer: (Sou. Xf d^ifd^ttji^; im Sinter: Oberlehrer Dr. 2;rot(;a. (^eogra|>^ie. ^W^W*^ ^eogra|)^ie bon Africa unb $(nftra(ien, bon (5uro^a unb X^eutfd^lanb. Grtoeiterung jur |>o(itifc^en @eogra))^ie bon ber (Sc^ipeij, bon !^äne* marf unb bon ben ';)Jicbcr(anben. 2 @t. Cberle^rer Dr. 2:rot:^a. 9}iat^>cmatif. Sluömcjfung gerabfiniger giguren; 2i[^nlid;!eit ber gigurcn. S3on ben Proportionen beim Greife unb ber SJcctification unb Cluabratur bcfjetben. — 3(ggrcgatc. ^l^otenj- unb SBurjcKe^rc. Sieber^olungen an« ben frühem ^Vnifen. 5 (2t. 3m (Sommer: Cberlcf^rer $a^nemann;im Binter: (Sou. Dr. Söei^eL üiec^nen. (^efeUfd;aftö ^ Xara Minb 9Jii|d;ung^red;nung. 3?crmifc^te 5luf gaben. 2lbr;ilfe bcmerfter Sd^unic^en. 1 St. Sou. Dr. @ untrer. %^l)^)if. barometer unb !i:(;ermomcter. ^tobe^nung ber $t'dxp€x bm*d^ bic Sarme. Öuft^ug, Siube, Stri>mungen. 2)iagnetiömuci. Statifc^e (5(ectricität. 2 St. ßoU. Dr. Seidel. Beiden en. ilöie in Unter - Xertia. 2 St. Cbertcl^rer Spieß. Untcr^Sccunba* 9le(igion. Mgcmeinc iöemerfungen über bie ^eilige (Schrift. 3eittafel für bic biblifc^en Gegebenheiten. " Sac^«d;e unb paränetif^e iBefprec^ung einzelner Zf}dk ber ttji^tigften Sd;riften %, unb 91. X. (^inge^enberc :33c^anbtung ber ttjic^tigften (Schriften be« 3(. Z., nameutlid; ber 'ißf atmen. 3Jie^rere berfeCben n)urben gelernt. 2 @t. 3m Sommer: .Cbertef;rer Dr. Xrot^a; im Sinter: !;Der 3nf)jector. !5)eutfc^^. ^2(uBer Sc^illerd Öieb bon ber (^icdc, tourbe auc^ mti}t'^ Hermann unb !^orot^ea gelefen, erflärt, t^eiltoeije memorirt unb nebft :öiograp^ien unb mittel- alterticben Sagen ju freien 33orträgen benufet. iöevüdfic^tigung bcr a)h;t^ologie unb a)ictnf. Übungen im iDiöponiren berfc^iebener Stoffe, namentlic^^ (S^aracterfc^ilberungcn. (frfläruug oon S^non^men. X^emata ju ben fc^riftlic^en 5(rbeiten loaren: 1) mn bem :pute in ber §anb fommt man burc^ ba^ ganjc ganb. 2) (E^aracterfc^ilberung bcr ^mutter im 70. ©eburtctage. 3) (5in eigner §eerb ift ^olbc« »crt^. 4) !j)er Schneeball unb bav^ böfe Sort — Sic toac^fen, toenn fie roüen, fort; — (Sine §anb 35 t>oU toerft jur Xf}nx §inau« , — (5« h)irb ein Gcrg »or 9kd5>bar« ^au«. 5) ^kcugen« 2Wac^t am 9^^ein , in §e^ametern. 6) !Die (Elemente l^affcn ba« (5^cbilb bcr aJicnfcl^en* l^anb. 7) Über bie berfd^tebenen Gebeutungen be« Sorte« ,,35ol!." 8) Sc«^alb ift cine gcuer«brunft für Sßiele ein anjicl^cnbe« ©c^aufpiel? 9) ^ad}ct nicbt bid gcbcr- lefen, — ^c^rcibt auf meinen geid^enftein : — liDiefer ift ein 9}?enfci^ geh)cfcn, — Unb ba« ^eigt ein Kämpfer fein. 10) Sßor einem grauen §aupt follft :Du aufftel;en unb bie 5llten eieren, 3. 5mof. 19, 32. 11) Sa« frü^ leiti^ wirb, fault balb. 12) Sc«* l^alb ^at (Söt^e ber !Dorot^ea einen 9Jing an ben ginger gegeben? — 3 (St. 3m »Sommer: £)bcrle]^rer Dr. Zxottfa] im Sinter: Oberlel^rcr Dr. (^eift. gatein. 9?e|)etition bcr Modi mit Gerüdfid^tigung ber (Soniunctionen unb ber Consecutio temporum. Gcnu^ung bbn (S^röbcl« Einleitung, fetürc bon Caes. bell, gall. I. unb IIL, Ovid. Metam. VI. 313-400. VIII. 611 — 724. 5luö beiben tourbe (Einige« memorirt. ^^crcitia unb (J^tcmporalia. 4 (St. 3m Sommer: Ober* leerer Dr. 9Zafemanu; im Sinter: Dbcrlcl^rcr Dr. ^eift. Sranjijfifc^. S^nta^ bcr Pronoms. lecture im Siefcrt: Grud^ftücfe am Barthelemy, Fr. Pages, Voltaire, J. J. Rousseau unb La Rochefoucauld. !Da« ©elefene iourbe frei n)ieberer5äl;lt unb t^eiltt)cifc memorirt. !Dic Unterric^t«f^rac^e mcift franjöfifc^. (y^tcm)3oralien. 4 ®t. (S:oü. parang. (^nglifc^. (S^nta^ be« einfad;cn (Safec«. liDie loid^tigftcn ^Regeln »urben cnglifdb überfe^t unb gelernt unb an biclcn S3eif))ielen geübt. (Sc^riftlid^c Überfe^ungen t^eil« nac^ giJlfing, t^eil« am ber lecture, löe^tcre am aWelforb: The Dame School Holiday, Letters, of Lady Montague, Sterne, Mackenzie, Scott, unb einjelnc ©cbid^te Don AVatts, Wordsworth, Moore, tt)eld^e gelernt mürben. Unterrid^t meift in englifd^er Sprad^c. 3 St. (Eoll. ^öl^fc. (Sefd^ic^te. ®ricd^ifd;c unb ^Römlfd^c (Sefc^id;te Vi^ ^axc Slurcl unb Son* ftantin b. (^x, (Sine d^ronologifd^c !j:abelle tourbe in ber tlaffe angelegt unb fortge* fü^rt. 2 (St. 3m (Sommer: S)berle§rer Dr. Xrotl^a; im Sinter: Dberlc^rcr Dr. ®eift. (S^cogra^l^ie. ^olitif d^c ® eogra|)^ie bon !J)eutf d^lanb. 1 (St. 3)cr 3 n f |) c c t o r. ayiat^ematif. 9Jcj)etition ber Syeed^nung mit Elggregatcn. Sllgebraifc^c ®lei^ d^ungcn be« 1. unb 2. (Srabe« mit einer unb mit mel^rcrn Unbefannten. Slrit^mctifc^e unb geometrifc^e $Rei^en. Einübung burc^ ga^lrcic^e 53eif^iele. ßi?fung bon ^erü^* rung«auf gaben. 5 etition ber einfad^en 3in«red^nung mit Slntocnbung bcr IDcrimaleu. T)i«conto== unb aJhmjrcc^nung. 1 (St. Coll. Dr. Seidel. 36 •f^l^fif. (v^pcriincntcüer llntemcfet. ?e]^rc tern 3Wagnetiömux^. Tic @cfc|e tcr 5lfufiif , Cptif iint 3}^'d>anif aiiö t\Tfiic6cn abijckitet unt turc^ Oiccftnun^ begrüntet 3m 3emnuT: 3 2t.; im iBimcr: 2 2t. (Sell. Dr. iBei^et. ii ^ c m i c. einfü^runcii in tie ^^emie unt teren lerminclcgie burc& (vperimente mit 3auerftcff, :;!iiaffcr|tefr\ 3tic!ftcff unt ile^icnftcff, teren einfacbfte in^rbintungen ; xHnfangegriinte tor 2töcbicmetrie. 1 2t Cell. (^ci\u i^i a turf ante. 3m 3emmcr: Spftematifcbc :öctanif. raet natürliche 3^ftcm. evccgraphifttc i^-rbreitung ter UMct>tig)*ten ^^fl^njenfamilien. Om :^Mnter: 2t)ftema> tif*c Scclogie. Il^ätigf cit ter innern Crgane. (rinige i^crtreltlicbe liiere. 2 2t, ecu. (^>eift. ^eicbncn. jyijrml'icf^e *)(nn?eifnng ^ur innearperfpcetite , mit iöenu^ung ter ten ten ^dmleru gelieferten ■?iarur^cict>nimgen. Tic im fx-cien ^pantjeid^nen (S\^übtern turfteu natt ter Zui&c ciud^ aiitere jvarben benutHMi. :;>?eim Siruaticnc'^ci^nen ga(t tie Ibecrie l\'l?maiUK^ unt iDiiifflinge. i^cUfiantige r}iiffe. 2 3t. Cberic^rer 2piep. CitX'SttnnhtL liReligicn. (iVfd>id>te too ^eicbe^ ^^cttcx^ nad) tem OL X. 3ad»(id)e unt paraneti»\te erflärungen ter iriduigften Schriften teffelbcn. üiJicbtigere 3teüen wurten memcriri. 2 2t. Ter 3nf rector. r cut fit. Ten earlcö mit Epigramme rcn 3d>iIIer ge(eicn unt erf (art, unb taran :Wancrfungcn über fcail, Ircpen unt giguren gefnüpft. ;^eri*te aue ter "i^riratlcctüre uir ergän-^ung tc-^ bifierifd^en unt gecgrapbifd>en Untenid^te. 2riiiftifd)e Übungen. Ibemata: 1» yatum hominibus hurimas dedit et loquelam. quibus distin- cruerentur a bnitis. H) ein ;>:^cfud> i^aui -Ji^emer«^ bei leUbcim. 3. Tie DJeifc einec i>\i>iAcn. -i > i??iein Vieblin^:>belr. 5 1 Oictc tee- a\'aj i^ecclcmini an feine Dieiter tor tern leuten eingriff auf tic 2d)n?eten (Hlaffenarbeit). 6» CxI' ^icht nicbtc i)ieue^ unter ter 2cnne. 7i :i:i*ic i\-.i:crt fid> verma in feiner Haltung \cn ten übrigen Äjcfbeamten? 8» eiuf ten ;^crgcn, cter am ü)Jcere? 9. 3irei ^tunten 3ct>iitirac^t ftcben. 10' :ilj}e Tu bcglücffi, Icbfi Tu im t\uerlante ( ^*iller^. 11) On hasarde de perdre tout, en voulaiu trop srasmer LafoBtaine'. 12» üi?arum lä§l 3d)iUer im Ten carlcx^ jum 2d>lu§ ten v>hc§inauifitcr auftreten? 3 2t, Cberlebrer Dr. *?iafeinann. lutein. Veenire: Cie. Cato major unt De imp. Pompeji ^uBcrtem Ovid. Metam. Orpheus et Eurydioe. Ceyx et Haley one, Perseus. OJetettticn ter fd»n>ic^ rigern catitel auö ter (5^rammatif. erereitia unt crtempcralio, i^ricatlectüre : Caes. bell, gikl i 2i. Cberlebrer Dr. Oiafemann. 37 gran 5 of if c^. ©rammatif unfc (5^tem|?ora(ien noc^ ^fc^ über ta« Regime des yerbes, Infinitif, Conjonctions, les Modes, Participes et Pronoms. l'ectüre: La Czarine par Scribe unfc au^^ 3iefertö ^rof. I^eil: Le Sage, Dumouriez, Mon- tesquieu, St. Evremont, Bossuet unt Guibert. Tae (^elcfene tourfce fran^öfifc^ interpretirt unt in ter nacbften 2tunte ^u Sprechübungen benutt. Überfe^ungen aud Beauvais Einleitung: Xer 9kffe alö Cnftl 2. unb 3. Slct: Grizel Cochrane imb Adrienne Lecouvreur. Themes ^^u freien Slrbeiten: 1) Le piix dune belle action (freie (fr-jäblung). 2) Le roi et le meunier (Qdctidbi in fxc]a umgcfe^t). 3j L'histoire de la revolution francaise prouve que I'exces de liberte est toujours suivi du despotisme, d'apres Dumouriez. 4j Mort de Leonida<. o) Le combat du taureau en Espagne. 6) La reforme de Hus et les guerres de ses partisans. 7) Jeanne d'Arc sur le bucher (Discours;. 8j Contenu du troisieme acte de la Czarine p. Scribe. 9) Alexandre a dii >es succes non seulement a sa bravoure, mais aussi a sa sagesse. 4 2t. (>cü. Öcljfe. (5nglifcb. Vectiire: Goldsmith: she stoops to conquer; Roscoe (2 7'; Lingard (9— li;: Piobertson: Soulhey: Victory and Death of Nelson, ^ebic^te ten Campbell, Scott, Byron, ten xvdd)cn du]cinc gelernt »urten. Xae (^elefene teurtc englifrf» erflart unt ^u 3pred)übungcn benu^t. — Smitay tee jufammen-- gefetrtcn Zam. 3u ftiliftifd>en Übungen n^urten thciii^ fcbriftlic^e llberfe^ungen aU tem Teutfcben, tbcilö freie Slue-^üge aue tem C^Vlefencn cter Umn^antlnngen ber @etid>te in fxcia benutzt. llnten'id>t in eng(ifd)er 2pxa6c. 3 3t. (Seil, ^cl-jfe. Ct^efcbicbtc. ü?epetiticn«curfue , mit ÄBcrücfficbtigung ter (Sulturgefc^icbte. Die alte unt tie meterne tlirelt. 2 3t. Cberlebrer Dr. Diafemann. ®ecgra|>^ie. %^clitifd>e ©ecgrapbie ten (furcpa, auier Xeutfc^lanb. 1 Bt, Xcx 3nfpectcr. -Diatbematif. Crbene Irigcncmetric. l'i^fung ecu trigcncmetrifc^en 2(ufgaben. dxitcx Xbeil ter Bterecmetrie. i'ci'ung ten a(gcbraifd) * geemetrifc^en , rein geemctri- fcfcen unt fterecmetrifd>en 5luf gaben. 4 Zt. Cberlebrer öa^nemann. ^}?e ebnen. 2i?ecbfelred)nung. 1 2u 3m 2cmmer: Cberlebrer |)a^nc* mann: im ilJC^inter: (>eü. Dr. 2i?eit-el. 1?bDfif. Cptif. t'e^re ton ter i3ärme. (i^alcaniemue. Crleetrifc^e 3tromc narf> (rntfte^ung unt iBirfung. ^Keretitien ter Ztatit unt Xnnamü. 2 2t. Cber* lebrcr ©abnemann. Cbemie. (Eblcr, ^rem, 3ct, Jlucr, 2rf>mcfe(, Seien, ^Tellur, ^^p^er, ^er, 3ilieium, Valium, i)(atrium, *3lmmcnium, (calcium, 3trcntium, ^orpum, as 3J?ai]ne|"ium , 5(Inminium unb bcrcn einfädle SBerbintuncjeu mit i^rer tec^nifd^en ©cinnnung unt» 5(nttjciibimij. c(itncjcn am bem (Gebiete ber ^coic^k unb ^etanif. — ^k^ctcgic. ißefc^reibuuvj h1;ftaüinifc^cr unb fcbimcntärcr ©cftcinc nac^ |)antftücfcn. gevmationele^re ber ©eftcine md} Crt unb innfommcn. (vinflüffe crcjani|d>T Sicftc; i>u(cani|c^c (>v)d)einuncjcn bcr 3cfet5eit; ^Ictjc^crbiltuncjcn. (J^curficncn. 2 St. (Ecu. @cift. 3cidnicn. SliMe in Unter ^ Sccunba. 2 St. Cberfcl^rcr Spieß. Cbcr^ unb Untcr=<|?rinio ccmK üiclicjien. (SV|d)iditc bcr d)rift(ic()cn ilird;e in ifu'cn n.Md)tiAftcn (vrfd^cinuuvjcn i?cn iln-cr (^^rüntung biv^ auf tic C^V'gcniuart. '^k fDmbclifd^cn Schriften rer ci>an^ v]c(itd>cn unf !atf)clifd)cn vV^ird>c. ^Tic iöcrcjprcbivjt unb bavJ t^lMucjclium Oc^anni^^ ]nx idddjxm^ unt (Erbauung o^clcfcn. 2 St. X^cr 3nf)>cctcr. ^I^cntfd^. t)iac^ ^occntij^nng bcr *3n?citcn %^criote iS^ctf)c^ unb einer (S^arac^ tcrlftif bcr fclgcnrcn ^c\t iinirfc bei bem in bicfer .^(affe ]ü cjebenten Überbtid über ben Cf ntiridlnng^gan.q bcr tcut)\tcn Literatur , bem '?iibe(ungcnlicre mt tern ^ird)en^ liefe t>crbältni6mä6i.a i>ict ^dt iiciritmet. Ta^^ Üi'efen bcei (Jpcei unb fein Untcr)d)ieb ten (^H'|d>id)te nut Tranut u>uvrc erörtert, Sd>iUerö iBciüenfteiu crftärt, fein Stoff ^u freien Inn-ti'äoicn benutz. :Die :öe)prcd>ung unt Di^ipcfiticn ten mancf>er(ei Steffen führte auf tic crrertcrun.) aügemeiner begriffe; 5. :i>3. fubjcctit unb objcctit, äftktifd) unb et^ifcfe, Üiemantif, i5(afficität, Sentimentalität, bic iJlufcjabe tc«t ^id}^ icrtS Kunftn?crf, äftKMifd)e nur fittti.fe 5ls}a^r^cit, germ, Cteacter, Scf)i>n^eit, ;vreil)cit unt Sittlicf>!eit , 3»^i^i^»^if^ ^^eemepelitiemue unt %>atrietiemuvS a}hteria(iemu^, ?)iea(iemui^, Otealienuu^, Sd)idfal unt inn-fcbung, gatum unb ö^natcnn>a^t , ^ac^c unt 3}Jntlnu^. Ä>3c^anbcttc I^cniata fint: 1) 3ufaU unb 3eit, tie beiten grenten Inrannen ber (Jrtc (.vierter). 2) Tie cjri^Btcn i^ert^cite in bcr fBdt tr>k in ber mcnfd)lid)en ©efcüfcfcaft f>at ein ßcbilbetcr Seitat ((l^(>t^e). 3) l^iebtingv^^^täfee unb Vicblingeticbtcr. 4) 5Imftcrtam unt 33cnebig. 5) ^^(bter fangen feine gtiegen. 6) grub im 3)^ergcnfdimmcr — 3icbt ein ^Mubrer am; — Stber ?(bcnte immer — 5}Jegt' er fein lu ^am (3lbituricntcnarbeit). 7) i^ift tu u^eif, fe f*n?eig mit gteig. 8) ii(?aractcriftif ^öuttlcrö. 9) JK^ic ter(»ätt fid) bcr ^(uv^fpruch Memento vivere ju Memento mori? 10) Ihu^ ^;>lUc ikf)t ta*^ .^er, ^um ^i^atertant (Sd>iüer). 11) 3mmer ftrcbc '3um (^an^jcn, unb fannft tu fctber fein ©an^cv^ itcrtcn, ale biencnbe^ (i^üeb }(^iki an ein ©ansee tid> an (ScftiUer). 12) 'Zk ©räfin ler^fi^ in ^aüenfteine l i' 1 39 leb L X^. 13) X)ic bramatifc^e iöcbeutung be« 3)?aj unb ber I^cfta in ^d^iüM iBaÜenftein. 3 ®t. 3m Sommer: Oberlehrer Dr. 9^afemann: im Sinter- Dbcr= teurer Dr. (5$ ei ft. Sat ein. lecture: Cic. pro Ligario. Liv. XXII, 25 seqq. Verg. Aen. I. 9?epetition auc^ ber elementaren (^rammatif. (J^ercitien unb (5^tem|?oralicn. 3 St. Cberlel^rer Dr. ^Di a f e m a n n. grange f if d;. ßectüre: Atlialie p. Eacine unb Considerations p. Montes- quieu; taneben am §errmann unb :^üc^nerd §anbbuc^: Barante, Capefigue, Lacretelle, Guizot. Daö ©elefcne Ujurbe franjöfifc^ interpretirt unb in ber näc^ften etunte mieber er^ä^lt. Sieber^olnng micbtigcr grammatifc^er Slbfc^nitte. ^ie^utir- Übungen über gegebene I^cmata, terbunben mit freien 33orträgen über bie ^^ritat^ lecture, le^tere auc^ fc^riftlic^ geführt unb centrolirt. Ü^eorie be^ befd^reibenben unb fc^ilterntcn Stilö. SJ^ufter njurben tergelcfen unb erft müntlic^, bann fc^riftlic^ nac^gebiltet. Themes: 1) Les hommes sont comme les animaux: les gros mangent las petits et ceux-ci les piquent. 2) La guerre de 30 ans a ete plutot une guerre politique quune guerre religieuse. 3) Quest -ce qui a empeche les Romains de subjuguer les Allemands? ou: La Pucelle d'Orleans prisonniere ä ses ennemis (Discours). 4) Quels sont les princes qui ont contribue le plus a elever la Prusse? 5) L'etendue croissante de la Kussie netait pas empechee par Charles XII. 6) Le reve d'Athalie et ses consequences; ou: Le caractere de Pierre L d'apres la Czarine. 7) L'arrestation et l'execution du marechal Xey. 8) Dieu qui a fait les conquerants les fait aussi ser\ir a ses desseins. 9) On ne va pas a la gloire par un chemin de fleurs. 10) Les places que la posterite donne sont sujettes, comme les autres, aux caprices de la fortune. 11) Quelles ont ete les causes principales de la decadence des Carlo^ingiens et du demem- brement de leur empire (Älaffenarbeit) ? 12) Constantin a ses soldats avant la demiere attaque des Turcs (Discours). 4 St. (£oll. §öl^fe. (Jnglifc^. Öectüre: Macaulay history of England I — IL :33e^anblung toic im granjefifc^en. Söieter^olung ter toicbtigern f^ntactifc^en Siegeln, mit müntlic^en unt fc^riftlicfcen Überlegungen. Unterricht in englifc^er S^rac^c. grcie Slrbeitcn über folgenbe X^emota: 1) The Emperor and the Abbot. 2) Why were the Scotch more \Wlling to submit to the dictation of England than the Irish. S) What engaged the Elector of Brandenburg to decline an alliance with Gusta- Tus Adolphus; otcr: 'Bernard of Saxe-AVeimar. 4) The origin of the two great political parties in England. 5) Why did the Reformation in England take a different course from that in Germany (:^bituricntenarbeit). 6; The ancient Britons. t 40 7) Was the Restoration of Charles II. a disastrous event for the development of the liberty of England, or was it necessary? 8) The Prench Revolution of 1780 compared with that of England in 1640. 9) Why could not the Puritans maintain the dominion which they had acquired through Cromwell? 10) Character of Charles II. 3 ^t. (5o«. §öCs!c. (S^efc^ic^tc. äufammciifaffung ber tocU^c^d}id)tüd)m X^atfad;cu unter aßge^ meine (^efic^t^^^unfte. 9Zeuere uiib nenefte (^cfd;id;te mi 1648— 1815. ajjitunter fvanjefifc^e 33orträge ber ^(^iikx md) i^rer 'iJnDatlccturc über kf;anbclte (Sporf;en ober 2)?ämicr. 2 cctor. a^at^ematif. (^cmbinatorü. iöinrnnifc^er M;rfafe. 3lrit^metifd;c 9iei^eu I;r>^erer ^vbnungen. 9iV|)etitien ber Sllgebra. Bn^citer X^eK ber Stereometrie. ^efcriptii)e (^^cometrie. 3yiatf;ematifd^e ®eogra)?(;ie. ööfung bon geometrifc^en , a(ge- braifc^eu unb trigonometrifd;en 2(ufgabcn. 5 cguug. (vinfc^Iagenbc Sluf^ gaben lourbeu gelöft. 3 @t. Oberlehrer §al;nemauu. (^ Hernie. T)ie fc^ioereu mtalk uub ir;re 2>erblnbungen. ^e^etltion ber l^enfeu früherer .^(affen am ber auorgaui)d;eu ß^emie. £lmlitatb,c Slnalbfe anoraa^ mfc^er mxpcx, Stöc^iometrifc^e 9i\c^nungeu. 2 (St. Goö. ^eift. e^emif^ee lUboratorium. kri?|taüifatiou.^berfu^e ; ^einbarfteUuug bon *rjaratcn; fi?nt^etif(^c unb qualitativ) . auaa;tifd;e 33erfuc^e ; qmntitaüt>c 2«aafeana(i?fe. 3eic^neu. 5Beitere Übung |.>erfrectibiic^er (Eouftructionen , a^ddkt bom ®vunbri6; ^in^ufügung ber Sc^attenfe^re. 3ci*nung ber Säulenorbnungcn. «eacö^ tog fc^öner gormen unb 35err;ältuiffe in a)^uftern, im freien ^aubjeicbnen uub Xu)c^>eu; Geübtere malen and) ji?o§r in £d. 3 St. Cberlc^rer e'|c^e (Sfementc; ein (SoIenöiD; einen ^tcf}xcxid^cn gnnfcnintucter unb eine 3ntuctiondrcüe ; — einen Sc^tocfetwafferftoff^ appavat ücn $ef;(; eine iöüvcttc nnb einen :©ürcttenf;a(ter; eine 2Jiagpipette ; t)ier giltrirgcjMe ; einen ^l^crmemctcr mit ^oljmantef; einen Irid;tcr mit £n|}fermante( ; (5^(ai&nten)i(ien; b) für bat^ natur^iftorifd)c Cabinet: ©üc^ncr^^ 8d;ti>ammfnnbe H. Clnalität in fec^)d (S^ruppen mit ^cf^reibnng; c) für ten geegrap^ifc^cn 5(pparat: ^0^0(5 Sanbfarte üon !Dent|c^(anb nnb ^reupen; t>, (S^bcu^^ 2i?anb!artc ijon Slfien; ^ciaH 3pecia(!arte ber ©fenba^n^ foft- nnb X^ampffc^iffoerbintungcn 3}?itte[enrcpa\^ ; ^ic^tenfternd (5c^u(atlat^ 9?e^' mann« ^artc bcn Deutfc^lanb, biö je^^t 152 ^Lieferungen ; d) für ben 3eid^nenunterric^t: Lecole de dessin p. Hubert, (^enrebilber nnb Sanb|c|)aftcn ; ^(nmen= nnb gruc^tftücfe bcn Emeric - Bouvret ; e) für bie 53e^rerbib(ict^ef, bie »cn 1959 auf 2029 iöänbe geftiegen ift, auger ben gcrtfecungen ber seither gehaltenen iriffenfc^aftCic^en nnb päbagogifd;en 3eit^ fc^riften: Sd)mibö lvnei;clepäbic , 5;LübeniS päbagog. 3a^reöberic^t , ü(er, .^(cpftccfd Cben mit (irffärnngen ben X)ün^er 2 iöbe., ^c^iüerö ^ebcn nnb Söerfe bcn >13alteö!e 2 ^be. , (^ettf c^aüd beutfc^e ^3Jatienaüiteratur in ber erften §ä(fte be^ 19. 3a^r^. , miinU ^^efd). ber rijmifc^en Literatur 3 :^bc. , Sieganbo Prover- bium, :pieferd kfc^reiknbe (^ecmctrie, ed^iUingö tJkturgefc^ic^te , iöre^md ^ekn ber S3i>ge(, ^aimx^ ^äfevbucb, m^jcr^ ein^eimi)d)e @if tgeiuäc^fe , JReic^enbadbö 3>o(fd* naturgefcb. bcij ^l^flanjenreid^ij mit ill. i^upfertaf., i^eufert^ beutfc^ed Äriegdmefen 2 >öbc. , Sebert^ ill^ltgef^. in übcrfic^tüd^er :5}arfteüung , 3c^anned b. 3)iüüer fämmt* Kc^c Serfe 40 I^.; CiVrtinuö ®ef^. be.^ 19. 3a^r^. 5. :iöb.; ®. grci^tag« Silber and ber beutfc^en i^crgangen^eit 3. iöb.; &i\f)i unb Äonerd geben ber (S^riec^en unb $Hcmer; O^regevv^ Älabierauejug jnm grueling; «encbir münMicber ^^ertrag 3 Xff,; i*) für bie Sc^üterbibüct^^! , bie i>cn 2382 auf 2505 ;öänbe geftiegen iff (Sarue sum 2>erftänbniB bcn mtf)c, Sökfiud X^iern?e(t, 3äbe tk X^iere im lieben be« m-nfc^cn, sBagnerd (Jnttecfungdreifen in ^au^, §cf unb SS^c^nftube 2 X^., ' - 43 griebri^ Sit^etm IV. 9?eben, Xeßfampf bie granjofen in !Deutf d^tanb , iöorfmütter erjä^rungen au^ ber alten ®efc^>ic^te, gijrfler griebrid^ ber ^roße, b. Üani^ 2(uö bem beutfd^en (2c(batenrebcn , Ctto !I)er große tönig unb fein ^efrut, ^xcf)k Unfer S^atertanb 1. 3a^rg. etal;r ^erbftmonate in Cberitatien, ^erlepfc^ bie 2l(pen in 9^atur- unb ÖebeuiSbitbern , ben ^ern mehrere Keine (Srjä^lungcn, baö Sßüd) ber mdt, bie iauftrirte ©e(t, Cherbulies (§in fe( grande'ö unb (Spener«^; — bem §crrn ^refeffer ferner in $eft^ bie ben i^m berfapte IDeutfc^e ®prad^^ unb 8tiücr;re in 3 2tbt^.; — bem §crrn Dr. 3l(ti^n iDeffcn nnb 3iüer« 3eit)^rift für epcte W tefep^ie 1. «b. 1. unb 2. §cft; ~ bem §icrrn «aumeifter 9?uft ^ier eine (Samm* lung ben na^c an 80 meift überfeeifd^en 5eefegifd;en (^egenftänben in Seingeift; — bem §errn Cber(ef;rer Dr. DZafemann mm^cx^ 9?eife in ben Orient unb einen %f}ti[ SBeftafienig 1. iöb., nnb ^etermannö Steifen im Orient; — t^em |)errn ücU (egen Dr. ^ci^et bie ben i^m berfagte @c^rift über ba^ priematifd^ jertegtc 8en^ nenlic^t; — bem §errn Hauptmann §anbe(b ben (Sc^önberg hd Xrac^enberg einen Falco fulvus; — »em §errn Ceüegen parang Les Burgmve» unb Buy Blas. p. \. Hugo; — tem §crrn 3:irecier Dr. Sieganb feinen ^runbrig ber mat^emat. ©eegr. in 5. 5(uf(. unb fein i^c^rbuc^ ber (Stereometrie unb fp^ärifc^en 2:rigenemetrie in 4. 2(uf(.; — »em %bitnxkxit $eim aue( (Satjungen mdm^ fämmt^ lid^e Serfe 4 33be.; — bem %hitiixknt gr. Grbmann (Sd^fegetmitc^ au« Seipjig eine beüftänbige Keine 3>ampfmafc^ine , burc^ ^eijung in :öetrieb ju fefeen; — Dom Oberprimaner (vrnft (Sc^mibt auö |)aüc parting« SDiifroffop, überf. ben ST^iete; — bem Unterprimaner ^ermann (Stabion au« :33remberg Oeuvres de Boüeau; — öem Unterprimaner ^nbotp^ gifc^er au« ^rlefc^fa Xeüfampf« Die granjofen in ÜDeutfd;tanb nnb (Severer (5ine Öfter -O^eife in« l^eitige tob; — bom Unterprimaner ^iic^arb Satter an^ ^aüe ©erbinu« ©ef^ic^te be« 19. 3a]^r^ 4i Juntot« 4 «tc; - Bent llnterpvimaner gricbri.^ Säntfc^ »on bcr Üut>kxhätt, k. Cnefckn ^.m. m-nm ®cmu., - ,cm Unterprimaner I,, a^icauÄ^ torf e,ne ,cn ,^m gefertiate 3ci(^„u„3 cine« ^cc^cfenS; -M Un^Äi Jo ert gnebr^ au« Qnerfurt Cartoig. JrciLeä; - tern UnSriZ mi ten Untervnmanern «rune «icier m.« M,m unb Srnno SKdnfdc' «"i;; JangerBauKn Gregorovius Siciliana „nb «ü<^ncre beutle G^renJk 17 ©et S topf.- -con bcr Cberfcennba gret^tag« 33afentine, He Surnafifter»LtfLTer )tanbni,|c CVcttjc-«; - bom Ckifccmibancr «icfcai b 8ef c(,e auT7Zi^Zf: I'cbcn bon Mmciftcr 3 23te.; _ t>m C6 rf cunhner ft!,-,« ^f .! ' ^cutfc^ent^o; n)K-ibi„ger. .„b'rea. C-cfer n^b E'S get „^ !.^r^^,t fccunbancr_§ermann 5)e^cff au.s Böfc^en The Sketch Book o"'k Iri. bom Oberiecnnbaner OuUu.^ Snbc auö Cvilenburg Uf;tanbe @ctid,te 6 ^2' ~ bcm D er,ecn„bancr ©einrieb an^ Gifcubuvg b. ^cm 4i(bcrbtWc 2 kmrnfuna' ~ bom CbcvKcunboner 9fcin^otb i^fug au. §a?c b. 2)«i^(cn d ^S^ 5„m Literatur 4«te.; - wm Ckvfccunbaner (iart ?(bc(»fi o^cff. clTl l ■ Oncmanber.J«tc. „nb .Jene. a„. ben i^anbcrn b;^rK/3X - ZtS fecnnbancr Laugen G^renberg ana Giknburg U„ Phi.o.ophe sou's les tt. u b Coufes..o„. d,.„ Ouvner p. Souve.tre; - ,m Cfccrfecunbancr Souiö J« J 2 G.knburg tW p. Montaigne; - ,em £6crfce„nb.ncr ^'au ihif^ • Zl ^ör.nbenb..prc„6. Staate.; - r „ C er e „„ba„ 6arl .Jaget an. Xrct^a Saife CDentfct^c a?crfaffnng.gefd,i*te 3 «te - ""f b™ Ckrfeem^anern Snfi«. §än,>el an. C>afle m^Lxii^^^ri^an^ZT «c^mcn 2lac^.mnt^. (,V-,-,^icf;tc bentf<^er 9Jatie„a(ität 3 «be; - t^^ L^ '' baner 3«lu.. «c(;miebcr;a„fen Stent, «aicrfc^c. Wtanb- ~ ,Z iZ' Kennbaner gncbric^ gating an. ^ciß Mnf.fS Är^emälbe Jm Umcrfecnnbaner Gart «citing an. 9Jcttcf.borf b. ^'L OimS^orümZ kn .«fc ; _ bcm U„ter,eennbaner Garl ©it^. .faring an.3Jei @ SI' «.(ber an. rer bc«t,>en a?evgangen^eit 2 «be.; .o.n llnterfc nnbLr ' a b ! S l-Mnt«. an. ^alU Sagner. Gbnarb a?ege( ber Jtfrifa = 9f eifenbe ! n^^ Kcnbancr G^riftcp^ tü^ne an. sJ lOJiiUcr eJreS •' ~ T T Kcnnbaner Gmit -Ufcffer an. ftötteu Jafd,en6erg. Ä ' fri^./;! fff h ^.Ibcr ane bem Snfecteutekn ; - .„„ Unterfecnnb „cr ^^^ri^'t^ " ^T 45 ou« Sauhaufen Äronfelb« ^eimat^funbc ton ^^üringen; — öom Unterfecunbaner Dtto aJieicr an^ ^otjin on 33u(tt)er; — öcm Untcr^ fecunbaner St 11^. 3^ur. ©d^äfer au^ (Ea(6e §a^n« ©efd^id^te beö $reuf. S3atcr* (anbe« 5. Slufl.; — torn Unterfecunbaner £)tto ©räbner au« 3)ü6en ?ettö!u« £)r^m^ 12. 2(ufi;.; — öcm Unterfecunbaner 3)?a^ 9?etfc^ au« (Stegen SWintoife S^ieu^od^beutfc^er ^arnag 1740—1860; — Jjcm Unterfecunbaner Soui« 8 öl^nc au« Ü^ieber ^ (Sermon ^üfe l^iftorifd^e ^arfteüungcn unb S^arafteriftifcn 1. S3b.; — com Unterfecunbaner Dtto §ent feilet au« ^aüt b. §om« (S))innftube 3 3al^rgängc; — J)om Unterfecunbaner ©uftat) SBagner bom "ißetcröbcrge §anfer« günf 53üc^er ctaffifd^er ^rofa; — bom Unterfecunbaner (Sueride au« Obertl^au ^Rofen^ebn« ^eife^^fljjen au« Dft* unb iBeftpreugen 2 2:^.; — bom Obertertianer ©Id^lepp au« 3: ^c^mcrtnig ter ^Sac^>|cn^cr3cg , tjcn Q. Gbevt. Um 10 Uf;v. IV B. (^ccmctvic. J^e^rcr aKein^olb. fiebert Oonaö aiie^ (^itenburcj: X'eö Sauevhiaben iöefc^reibunv^ ter Ätatt, öcn (iaftcüi. IV A. V^atcin. Cbcvle^n'cr Dr. (^cift. (ibiiarb Siiifler au^ ©dbföna mit» griebrid^ ^ad^tlev auS (5$räfen^aind;en : Le Paresseux, Dialogue p. Plötz. (Seogra|?l^ic. (Scücgc Dr. ©rotjan. 111 B. ^c^frcd;nen. (IcÜccje Dr. ©untrer. Um 11 U^r. Ctto tlcift aud §aüc: Les deux rats p. Andrieux. Gn^üfd^jc Übungen. Gcüegc S^fd^ifd^nji^. (^bmunt iöcvnl^arbt au^ (Sicbid^enftein : Der blinbc Äönig, i?üu ll^tanb. 111 A. gvanjcfifcbc ^Sprac^c. (Eottcge §arang. tluguft Sicprcc^t an^ gc^rbeüin: The battle oi Waterloo by Lord Byron. ©cfc^ici^te. Oberlehrer Dr. Xrot^a. 47 B. Jla^mittag^ »on 2—5 U^r. Um 2 U^r. II B. ßubol»)]^ SKüücr au« ©tem^öfel: King John and the Abbot of Canterbury by Percy. Zoologie. (5:oüege ®eift. Otto getftforn au« ßaud^a; ©tege^lieb »on 21, §. ^lieme^er. !Deutfd^e (Sprache. Dbertel^rer Dr. @etft. Urn 3 Ul^r. n A. (£ar( ©c^mibt au§ Saud^a: ^ebe be« Slntoniu« au« Shakespeare's Caesar. (Englifc^e arge ' "^ ""''='»' «^'angement wit^ '"«ii!>. 0032257058 l^c^ H ? f f D^--'■f■ *"-.. ^ -^^^t ■fef«-. 4. ^P^ ■■.■*■ ^ £ >•-* ^r^^ "^ -ri^ "n^* <■* ■ '« % ^^> ^' ^^: c i^v';i^>c'\ ;■-' ^ r-* '^', / I.. -' ^«€"^.5^ il ■ -'i'S^ ^^ v" y \^[rf^^-