Those two bound Volumes of Old New York Views together with the third volume, which is bound in a different way, were the lifetime hobby and work of my dear Father. Lewis Bayard Smith. My Mother, Louisa Norwood Smith and I, Bayard Marston Smith, have always felt that these books brought back the memory of my Fattier to us closer than almost any of his possessions which he left. 77e have both for years and years seen him work on them, collecting a picture here and there and especially the years of research work necessary for him to gather together the histories of the different subjects of the views. My Father searched many , many , years to try and get the historical data etc., in connection with the views as accurate as possible. He s;jent many, many hours going over old books of reference, in Libraries, and wherever he thought he could find anything in regard to them that would aid him in making the histories interesting and accurate. The Views in these books are not of very great value at this writing, but .as time goes on they will become so. Even at this date they are quite old and duplicates are froai time to time disappearing and especially as they are purchased and put away by collectors. The larger views of my Father's collections of Old New York were of course more valuable, but he I believe decided that the ones in these books would give a very interesting and accurate view of the City of New York years ago, and he also wished to use small uniform pictures so that they could be bound in books of moderate size. These books have been cherished very dearly by both my dear Mother and by me. and I hope that in the future whoever inherits them will remember the above and keep them in as good condition as we have. If they come into your possession when you are young put them away until you get older, and I think that as the years go by that you will begin to appreciate them as we have. My dear Father was a perfect old New York Gentleman, brought up in the "Old School". He was born and brought up there and descended from such fine old New York families as the Lispenards, Rutgers, Mathers, Marstons, and many other connected through marriage, going back many generations. Liswenard, Rutgers, and Leonard Streets are named after his ancestors. I hope this little letter will make you feel the deep, deep, love my Mother and I have had for my Father, and you will in time feel towards these three books the way that we have done. A-r, mm Avery Architectural and Fine Arts Library Gift of Seymour B. Durst Old York Library Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2013 http://archive.org/details/oldnewyorkfromitOOsmit "OLD NEW YORK" FROM ITS EARLIEST HISTORY TO ABOUT THE YEAR i8b8 COMPILED, ARRANGED AND ILLUSTRATED BY L. BAYARD SMITH Volume I NEW YORK INTRODUCTION. "Old New York." The history and description of the various buildings given herein have been compiled with much care from many different authorities, in addition to information kindly given me by many old citizens of the city, and librarians of various city libraries, and from careful personal researches and visiting many of the buildings themselves, especial care having been taken to verify dates and facts, to make them, if possible, absolutely correct. L. Bayard Smith. In compiling this work the following authorities and others were quoted and used : Valentine's Manuals of the Common Council. Valentine's History of the City of New York. Mrs. Martha J. Lamb's History of the City of New York. Mary L. Booth's History of the City of New York. W. L. Stone's History of the City of New York. Jas. Grant Wilson's Memorial History. Watson's Annals of New York. Lossing's Field Book of the Revolution and History of New York. Thos. F. Devoe's "Market Book." Barret's "Old Merchants of New York City." Felix Old Boy's, "A Tour Around New York." " In Old New York," by T. A. Janvier. Goodrich's Picture of New York and Stranger's Guide, 1828, 1846, etc. Jas. Hardie's Description of the City of New York, 1S27. Chas. King's Memorial of the Aqueduct. C. H. Haswell's " Reminiscences of an Octogenarian." A. C. Dayton's "Last Days of Knickerbocker Life in New York." Messrs. Harper & Bros. New York Directories. New York Herald, World, Times, Sun, Mail and Express, Post, Tribune, etc. Various Church Records. Various Guide Books of the City, published from time to time, etc. , etc. DAVID T. VALENTINE . David T. Valentine, to whom New Yorkers are indebted for the valuable and interesting "Manuals of the Common Council", compiled by him from 1842 to 1866, was born in East Chester, September 15th, 1801, and died in 1869. He came to New York when 16 years of age and worked in a grocery store until he was 22 years old. He then became clerk of the Marine Court, now extinct, then Deputy Clerk of the Common Council and finally Clerk of same, which office he was continued in until 1868. Besides the Manuals, he was the author of a "History of New York", both the former and the latter being full of historical accounts of early events in our city's history, early Indian Wars, extracts from old newspapers, a vast amount of valuable information relating to the city and an immense number of pictures and engravings of noted personages, buildings, copies of old maps, plans of the city and a calendar of all the city officials from the early days. In his earlier years he served his time with the old 27th, now the 7th Regiment. A gentleman of the old school, he al- ways wore a high hat with a flat brim, a swallow tail black coat, an expansive shirt front with plain studs and a black necktie. Thor- oughly honest and withal a most excellent courteous and kind-hearted gentleman, he was one of the best officials the city ever had. Pull and complete sets of his "Manuals" in good order are now difficult to obtain, and any offered would bring a handsome price. City of .Manhattan or New York. ^Shipping Port. E The Temple or Church \J Lower Town. \\ Bridge fordisdiargingVesseA F 'Parade Ground,. K City Half ( ? Fountain or Wells G MeatMarket L Custom ffoiw. & Stores. I) of the Govt rnor 1 1 Slaughter House. M Powder Magaxiru Seal* of FtUJioms ( French. jMectAiire j ? Sand Bank ;i \. □ □□.LIJ ED/,' u - • . 1 a . . : . H — ) . . ' -1 1 zj " S -i □ □□AO m ~rn::n j i—J.i:.,.: •: i _Lij j: J'JJjj ...U.JJJ J. J i.o. tarn r Valentine* Ma„„»t, far Mel. bv G,a fl„^;„,/. 1711', curl St .V T. omiihe Collection of Charts and Plansinadelnr order of theDukedeChoisexd and executed byS.Bellin-.ini* Plati of the IsiMndofJetvIbrk' in 7forth/j4mericcu l i>ut ordy ^Mi£ti i/fe/-/ flfashvigton. atterwnrth JfnypAeuisen, . whick was ta/cert v^S^T \bul first drawn m the, mvnt/i of January 1 'Si m the Hut .^~~'-"-v. \ r Ha JIEj>^5^ xtff "^S^^^ em tern sidtv in the Firuuty of ?//e fate et^rfrfm '^^^0^^ ^ month of May ITZ9 from the Zawef Mil/ . rfffl Jw'm M^^'^ encam P mjent near Fort Kriy f v/iauseny B fflWf^^Sil . ~ . v " tST furs* on TBE^^oiyDS p i ^jjj^ : - ^< fjjj \ / WBp) % Tl,e Author ■ ,s uuidtaf to T XTVeButii efiii* Citv of ' £ ' * i / W«CVw^ ,w «™, ^ ^ ^ £ii ^S^.:r ttu-/ct' Bcdcttt-' \ f J * Fort IndtprndenG . C Emmmifa ChatStmv eiiavnpm /T-rrA BoMe ( ""'""".V .<"* t mJ^.eed M tfuov,.!- Brutpe N JTwy, E r-.-r „ ^n^t of Boats f Strirc Evutr* DtmoUcJitd Bouse American Rulouil . D. T rl noo fn F!»r»nrirt AvfiniiP it stood. THE SECOND CHURCH IN GARDEN STREET KING'S ARM TAVERN. BURNS* COFFEE HOUSE. THE ATLANTIC GARDEN. This Building stood in Broadway, near the Bowling Green, and this view is a representation as seen from the garden. As near as can be ascertained, it was erected about 1725, built of wood with the front of small yellow bricks, imported from Holland, with a gar- den extending to the river, which flowed along the west side of Greenwich Street. It was known as "Burns • Coffee House" and also as the "King's Arras" kept by Mrs. Steele, and afterwards conducted by Edward Barden. Its proprietor, during the British possession of the City is not known. In 1765 a meeting was called at this house and resolves were passed to enforce opposition to the Stamp Act Law and to form associations to discourage the importation of goods from Great Britain until the Act was rescinded. The leaden statue of the King in the Bowling Green, was pulled down during the War by a party who had assembled for that purpose in the garden of the tavern. On the escape of the traitor, Arnold, from West Point, on his arrival in this City, he made this house his headquarters, and it was from its garden Sergeant Champe intended to have made his attempt to abduct the traitor, in accordance with the plan matured by Washington. In later years it was known as the "Atlantic Gar- den", being used as a boarding house, a tavern, and a public garden by turns, and in 1860 the site was purchased by the Hudson River R. R. Co. when the old building was taken down and the ground used for Depot purposes. VAN CORTLANDT MANSION. KINGrSBRI DGE . This old Mansion, erected by Jacobus Van Cortlandt in 1748 still stands (1896) in what is now Van Cortlandt Park. During the Revolution it was occupied most of the time by some of the Van Cortlandt family who sided with the Colonies, a short time by the Hessian Commandant of the Green Yagers and at the close of the War General Washington made it his headquarters just before his triumphal entry into New York on Evacuation Day 1783. In 1776 just before the occupation of the city by the English, Augustus Van Cortlandt, then Town Clerk, removed to the place, by authority of the Committee of Safety, the records of the City, con- cealed them in chests and secured them in a cellar, made for that purpose, in the garden, of stone and brick, well arched and exceed- ingly dry. Then it was the old house saw the retreat of a part of the American Army on its way to White Plains and again in 1778-1779 Lincoln's ragged troops marched by it in their unsuccessful attempts to recapture Kingsbridge. Other stirring events were seen from its windows, standing as it did on the verge of the debatable or "neutral ground" which was ravaged by the camp followers of both armies. The old Mansion is now in charge and under the care of the So- ciety of The Colonial Dames of the State of New York, who have had it restored and put in order to preserve it as one of the relics connected with the early history of our Country, principally through the efforts and labor of Mrs. Howard Townsend, President of the nam o e TRINITY ( Hl'IK ll AS RNIiAUOKll THE PERRY HOUSE, IT IH (Frilton Street, BronJc/yn) THE RESIDENCE of N.W. STUYVESANT. ^' k j v/hirti formerly stood m 8 cK Street, hetwceji 1 st flc 2 1 Avenues. THE F.ESICENCE of N.W. 3 TU YVES ANT. ^ ! I v/hicti formerly stood m 8 c h Street, ketwe.en 1 st & 2 J Avenues OLD VARIAN HOUSE, BLOOMING DALE ROAD. The dwelling represented by the engraving was taken down some- where between the years 1840 to 1850. It was the residence of Isaac Varian, and the birth-place of his children, among whom were ex-mayor Isaac L. Varian and Alderman, George W. Varian, and was oc- cupied by him as his home at the time of his death. The farm at- tached to the property contained about twenty-seven and a half acres, fronting originally on the Bloomingdale road, and covering the blocks within the present limits of Broadway, Twenty-sixth to Thirtieth Streets, and extending nearly to the Seventh Avenue. The northerly seventeen and a half acres were purchased by Mr. Varian of the executors of John DeWitt, to whom the same were conveyed by Jacob Horn in 1751. The southerly ten acres were purchased from Adam Vanderburgh. The property is said to have been in the family about eighty years, and was cultivated as farming land. The old house is said to have shown evidences of having been in part con- structed out of a ship's cabin, but from whence this relic was de- rived, we have no account. The building itself was a noticeable ob- ject in late years, partly owing to its humble appearance in the midst of a rapidly improving neighborhood, and partly from the perti nacity evidenced by its wealthy occupant, who, although, raised to very affluent circumstances by the rise in value of his land, yet clung to the humble homestead of his childhood, where his father had lived before him, until his grasp was released by death. STRAW F- ERR V H I LL HOTEL, now WOODLAWN STRAWBERRY HILL HOTEL . LATER WOODLAWN. 1856. This picturesque property was beautifully situated on the Bloomingdale Road, and was a well known hostlery or antique inn as far back as the era of the "Revolution", the old house having prob- ably been built about 1750, although the exact year can not be as- certained. It was then called "The Strawberry Hill Hotel" and was a famous resort of the young people of the city up to the close of the last century. About that time it came into the possession of John James, and by him was divided into smaller estates and the house used as a rural residence. It subsequently passed into the posses- sion of the Haywards and on the partition of their estates about 1845 became the property of Dr. William B. Moffatt, of celebrated "Moffatt pill" renown, and who resided there for some years. The house commanded a fine water prospect, as the eye, on a clear day, could enjoy a view of the Hudson River for many miles North and South, and could descry objects from Sing Sing to the Narrows. Later on as a roadhouse and place of public resort it was a favo- rite, and largely patronized under the popular management of Captain W. L. Wiley, a great political favorite in his immediate neighbor- hood. The view shows the old place as it was in the year 1856 and not many years after it shared the fate of all the other celebrated road houses and disappeared somewhere in the sixties. THE MANSION OF GENERAL STRYKER . The old "Stryker" Mansion, situated at the present 11th Avenue, between 52nd and 54th Streets, was, until within a few years (1895) surrounded by its gardens, reaching from the Avenue down to the Water* s Edge and covering an area of seven acres. It was originally built by John Hopper, in the year 1751, who was a farmer, his Es- tate, comprising about 300 acres of choice land, reaching from the present 50th Street and 5th Avenue down to the North River. He had three sons and desiring to give each an equal share, he divided his property into three farms of 100 acres and built on each a stone house, one of them being the Mansion in question. Upon his death- it was inherited by his son, John Hopper, Jr., whose daughter was married to James Stryker, it finally descending in 1819 to one of the grandchildren, General Garrit Stryker, a very popular Militia officer, subsequently becoming a Major General in that service, serving in the Legislature and filling various City offices most honorably. He improved the old house, increasing its size, adding a fine piazza and broad balconies in the rear, building a fish pond, and otherwise improving and embellishing the whole place. Here he resided until his death in 1868, aged 80 years, the Mansion being inherited by his son James Alexander Stryker. The old Mansion was still standing as late as 1890, but shorn of its former glory, tenements and stables hedging it in on either side and docks and lumber yards occupying the place where its green lawn used to stretch down to the river side. Pearl Stred, WewTorl. far A r. VizZenJt,^ tTKetMU-ccl-.J THE WALTON HOUSE . The Walton House which stood at No. 326 Pearl Street, formerly called queen Street, erected in 1754, by William Walton, of English ancestry, who had amassed a fortune by successful ventures in for- eign trade, was the most costly private residence which had been at- tempted on this continent. It was English in design, its walls be- ing as substantial as many modern churches. It was built of yellow brick, imported from Holland, the expensive and luxurious furniture also being imported. The superb staircase in its ample hall, with mahogany handrails and banisters, by age as dark as ebony, was fit for any nobleman's palace. The grovncls extended down to the river and were laid out and cultivated with fastidious care. Mr. Walton gave the most sumptuous entertainments, treating his guests with profuse prodigality, his table and sideboard groaning with the weight of massive silver. The fame of its splendor and expensive style ex- tended to England and was quoted there as a proof of the mad extrav- agance of the Colonists and their ability to support unlimited taxa- tion. Among other brilliant affairs it was the scene of the mar- riage of Citizen Genet, the Minister of France, to the daughter of Governor Clinton. The venerable mansion remained for fifty years in uninterrupted succession in the family of the original proprietor and in late years changes were made, the lower story being trans- formed into warehouses and the upper part into an emigrant boarding house. The grounds on which the Walton House stood, had originally been the shipyard of John Yerworth, shipwright, who sold it to Mr. Walton in the year 1721 for L300. The old mansion was finally de- molished in 1881. K I XOS COIjJj EO F . N Y METHODIST CHURCH in JOHN ST. erectei in 1758 ■ KING'S COLLEGE . King's College, (since the Revolution known as Columbia Col- lege) originally stood on what was then a farm in the suburbs of the City, or what became in later times an unbroken plot between Barclay and Murray Streets and Church Street and College Place. Park Place went only to Church Street and the street from College Place to the River was called Robinson Street. The establishment of a College was first suggested in the reign of Queen Anne in a letter written in 1702, by Governor Lewis Morris, but nothing was done until 1754, when a charter was granted to "The Governors of the College of the Province of New York in the City of New York in America. " The first President was Or. Samuel Johnson of Stratford, Conn. He entered upon his duties in July, 1754, and on the 17th of that month, the first class of students, eight in number, assembled in the school house belonging to Trinity Church. The names of these students were The corner stone of the College building was laid on August 23, 1756. During the Revolution, the College was practically clos- ed and the buildings were occupied alternately by the Royalists and Patriots as barracks or for hospital purposes. College exercises were resumed in 1784, in which year an act was passed by the Legis- lature of the State of New York, whereby the name was changed to "Columbia". Important additions were made to the buildings in 1820 and in 1829. The exercises of the college were continued there un- til May 7, 1857, when the move was made to the Old Deaf and Dumb Asylum on 49th and 50th Streets and Madison Avenue. Robert Bayard Joshua Bloomer Henry Cruger Rudolph Ritzema Thomas Marston Philip Van Cortlandt Samuel Verplanck Samuel Provoost. THE OLD JAIL. HALL OP RECORDS. CITY HALL PARK. The "Old Jail," called "The Provost" was built in the Fields, now in the City Hall Park, about 1757-1758, and was transformed in later years by the skill of the architect to the present "Hall of Records", the walls being the same as the original building. It was made memorable during the occupation of the city by the British Forces from 1776 to 1783 as a Prison under the superintendence of the noted Captain Cunningham, Provost Marshal, a most cruel tyrant and bully, and his deputy, Sergeant Keefe, one of the most cold blooded monsters that ever lived. An admission into this modern bastile was enough to appal the stoutest heart, cruelty and brutality being carried to an extreme degree. It was used more particularly for prisoners of rank, civil, naval, and military, and so closely were they packed that when they laid down at night to rest on the hard oak planks, they were so wedged and compact as to form almost a solid mass of human bodies. Could the dumb walls speak, what scenes of anguish, what tales of agonizing woe, might they disclose! As above stated, after its reconstruction it was used as the "Hall of Records" or Register Office, for which it is still (1896) used . N° 1 BROADWAY, NEW-YORK r~ RHINE1 ANDERS SUGAR HOUSE & RESIDENCE ketween William* Rose St? " The last of Che Sua-ar House & Prison cf che Revolution* . - No. 1 BROADWAY. This building, built of brick imported from England, was erect- ed in 1760 by the Hon. Captain Archibald Kennedy, of the Royal Navy, Collector of the Port of New York, he having purchased the site from, and demolished a tavern long kept there by old Pieter Kocks, a Dutchman. At the period of its erection the garden in the rear extended to the Hudson. Captain Kennedy returned to England prior to the Revolution, and became Earl of Cassilis, the house going to his youngest son, Robert Kennedy, from whom it passed into the pos- session of the late Nathaniel Prime, who resided there for a number of years. It had a broad handsome front, with a carved doorway in the centre, wide halls, grand staircases and spacious rooms, the parlor being fifty feet in length, and the banqueting hall a magnificent apartment . During the occupation of the City by the British troops, it was severally occupied as the residence or Headquarters of Sir Guy Carl- ton, Sir Henry Clinton, Lord Cornwallis and possibly prior thereto for a short period by Washington, but this is not certain. Major Andre's last interview with his Commanding General previ- ous to his departure on his fatal mission, which finally ended in his execution was held there. After the War it was occupied at dif- ferent times as a residence by many families of distinction up to the year 1850 when it was used as a Hotel or Restaurant known as "The Washington House" until in May 1382 it was demolished, upon its site being erected by Cyrus W. Field, the present elegant "Washing- ton Building", begun July 1882 and completed in January 1884. RHINELANDER ' S SUGAR HOUSE. Erected in 1763 at Rose, William and Duane Streets, first known as the "Cuyler Sugar House", afterwards as the "Rhinelander " Sugar House, it became during the struggle for Liberty a prison crammed and jammed with the brave men who were fighting for freedom. Here 400 prisoners, under charge of inhuman British provost marshals and deputies, were packed, in the sad year of 1777 and later, with no ventilation, gasping for air, and dying like sheep, none being given even a soldier* s funeral. It was built of small, square, evenly cut, and neatly fitted brownstone blocks, with windows few and insignificant. Above the stone rising to the peak, were courses of brick, and built in, in black brick, were the letters B. R. C. perpetuating the initials of the builder Bernhardt R. Cuyler. The Rhinelanders lived in close proximity to the business. In later years the building was used for various purposes, sorting and pack- ing of rags, bookbinding, printing, &c . , until it was finally demol- ished in 1892 to make way for a splendid modern building. MANSION CP THE LATE BISHOP MOORE. The house which stood on the block between the Ninth and Tenth Avenues, and Twenty-Second and Twenty- third Streets, known as the Chelsea house, had originally but two stories. It was built, before the War of the Revolution, by the late Mary Clarke, widow of Thomas Clarke . During the Revolutionary struggle, Mrs. Clarke and her daugh- ters remained in the house, agreeably to the advice of one of the American officers. A number of American soldiers were billeted upon them, which caused them so much distress that one of the officers represented their situation to General Washington, who thereupon rode to the house, and gave orders by which the family were relieved While the American troops were there, a British vessel in the Hud- son fired a ball , which lodged in the house, but hurt no one. When the British took possession of New York, a number of Hes- sians were quartered in or about the house. The dwelling house, and part of the Chelsea farm came into the possession of the late Bishop Moore, by the will of Mrs. Clarke, who died in 1802. The property was, in 1813, conveyed by Bishop Moore and his wife, a daughter of Mrs. Clarke, to their son, Clement 0. Moore, with whom they remained as long as they lived. When the streets and avenues about Chelsea were regulated, the old house had a third story added to it, cellars built under the old foundation, and the whole square was walled around. The corporation of the City, about 1854, ordered • a bulkhead to be built along the river front, when the old place was dug down, and of course the old house destroyed. "THE GRANGE " . HOME OP ALEXANDER HAMILTON. "The Grange" built by Alexander Hamilton in 1800 and so called from the Ancestral seat of his Grandfather in Scotland, is still standing (1896) at about the present 143rd Street and Tenth Avenue. A square frame dwelling of two stories with large roomy base- ment, ornamental balustrades and immense chimney stacks. Its apart- ments were large and numerous and all its workmanship substantial. One great feature was its drawing room doors, which were old fashion- ed mirrors. He removed with his family into the house in 1802 embellished the grounds with flowers and shrubbery and planted thirteen gum-tree naming them respectively after the thirteen original States of the Union. Hardly two years after this, in July, 1804, he left the house, never to return, to fight his death duel with Aaron Burr, which took place on a plateau on the New Jersey shore about a half a mile above Weehawken. Being mortalJy wounded, he was conveyed to the house of Mrs. Bayard, near the site of the present Horatio Street, where he died the following day. About 1892 the house was removed a short distance from its original site to the East of Convent Avenue becoming the property of St. Luke^ Parish and used as a Rectory, the thirteen trees above mentioned still remaining across the Avenue near 143rd Street, strongly fenced in, the ground upon which the trees stand, having been purchased by the late Orlando B. Potter, avowedly to prevent their destruction. E [ D T Va ' ■ ilJ OLD HOUSE COf< BROAD & WATER ST S RUIL.'E Vfi4 THE BEEKMAN MANSION. The Beekman Mansion, near Turtle Bay, on the banks of the East River, near the corner of the present 51st Street and First Avenue, on account of its fine situation and extensive garden, was always a favorite residence during the war, of the British commanders. The house was erected in 1764, by Dr. James Beekman, who with his family vacated it on the taking of the city in 1776 by the Brit- ish troops and General Howe made it his Headquarters immediately thereafter. The greenhouse on the left of the picture is remarkable as be- ing the place of examination and trial of Captain Nathan Hale, whose sad fate cast a gloom over the American Army, then encamped on Har- lem Heights. He was confined here on the night of the 21st of Sep- tember, and on the next morning handed over to the tender mercies of Provost Marshall Cunningham, who hung him on an apple tree in Rut- gers orchard. The gardener kept a memorandum during the war, showing the time that British officers in succession made the house their headquar- ters, the record being: General Howe, 15th September 1776, Commis- sary Loring on the 1st of May 1777, General Sir Henry Clinton the 20th October 1778, General Robertson May 1st, 1782, General Carleton the 16th of June 1783 to the evacuation. It was also occupied in 1731 by Madame de Riedesel, wife of the Hessian General. In later years it was owned by Hon. James W. Beek- man, and was finally demolished about 1874. RESIDENCE OP LORD STERLING, BROAD STREET. The engraving represents the Residence of Lord William Alexan- der Sterling, which formerly stood on the lots now covered by the buildings No. 67 and 69 Broad Street, as it was about the time of the Revolution, having been probably erected a number of years prev- ious, although the exact date can not be ascertained. Re was born in New York in 1726 and was the only officer in the Continental Army (except those of foreign birth) who bore a title, having inherited a claim to an Earldom and visited Scotland to contest it. He was unsuccessful, having spent a large part of his fortune in this vain attempt. When the Revolution began he entered the American service and as an act of courtesy was called "Lord Sterling" after the lost Earldom. He had a command at Long Island, where he was taken pris- oner but was exchanged and resumed service. He was a devoted admir- er of Washington. Lord Sterling was one of the oldest of the Ameri- can Army, being Washington's senior by eleven years. He died in Al- bany in January 1783, aged fifty-seven, his body being brought to this city and deposited in the ancestral vault in Trinity Church Yard, and which bears the following inscription: "Vault built in 1738 - James Alexander and his descendants by his son William Earl of Sterling and his daughter." THE AP THORPE HOUSE . The elegant Mansion of Charles Ward Apthorpe, appointed by the King as one of the honorable councell.ors of the Royal Governor of New York built in 1767 formerly faced the Hudson River and the Bloomingdale Road at about the present corner of 91st Street and Ninth Avenue. A fine old specimen of Colonial architecture, the great panels and joints of oak in the interior having been imported from England. The ample lawn stretched down towards the river, dot- ted with groves of various trees. Washington made this house his Headquarters in the stirring days after the battle of Long Island and it was under its roof that the secret expedition of Nathan Hale into the enemy's camp for trustworthy information was cautiously planned. Here also Lord Howe had his headquarters when the Connecticut Rangers and the Virginia Riflemen under Leitch and Knowlton (both of whom were slain) sent the British Column, flying across Harlem Plains, down towards this point and through McOowans Pass. Here Lord Howe remained for some days and nursed his wounded honor, and Clinton, and Carleton, and Andre also led the Minuet in these rooms and gave royalist belles a taste of the Court splendors of King George. It was demolished about 1891, the last few years of its existence having been degraded to a beer garden, a portion of its guard of ancient forest trees being known as "Elm Park". Close to its site, now stands the elegant "St. Agnes" Chapel of Trinity Parish. NORTH REFORMED DUTCH CHURCH, Corner of William and Pulton Streets. This edifice was built by the Consistory of the Protestant Dutch Church of the City of New York, the corner stone being laid on the 2nd July, 1767, by Isaac Roosevelt, an elder of the church and chairman of the building committee, and the dedication sermon being preached by the Rev. Dr. Laidlie on the 25th May, 1769. The church flourished and the ministry was prosecuted in har- mony and success. At the time however the political agitation ex- isted which soon ripened in the Revolutionary contest. Not long after the breaking out of the War, the British gained possession of the city, and those who were favorable to the American cause, with their families sought refuge and sojourned during the war in different places in the country. With almost solitary excep- tions the congregation was strongly united in the cause of Independ- ence and was scattered around. During the occupation of the city by the British, the building was used by them as an hospital and for storage, the lower part being stripped of its pews, pulpit, &c . , and its walls and general interior much defaced. After peace was con- cluded the building was repaired and placed in a neat and proper condition and in December, 1784, was again opened for Divine ser- vices which were regularly continued there for many years until with the scattering of the members of its congregation, owing to their removal uptown, the old edifice was finally closed and then demolish- ed in 1875. THE RESIDENCE OP GOVERNOR GEORGE CLINTON PEARL STREET, OPPOSITE CEDAR, AND WASHINGTON'S HEADQUARTERS ON ASSUMING THE COMMAND CP THE ARMY IN NEW YORK. Upon General Washington arriving in New York on April 14, 1776, to assume the command of the Army, he made his headquarters at the residence of Governor George Clinton, in Queen Street, (now Pearl) at present covered by the buildings No. 178 and 180 Pearl St. It had been built in 1695 by Col. Abraham de Peyster, (the eldest son of Johannes de Peyster) who during his lifetime held many official positions, amongst others, Mayor of New York, Chief Justice of the Province, Sec. Built of brick, stuccoed and roofed with tiles, it was one of the most palatial edifices in the city. The main build- ing was three stories high, 59 feet front, nearly 80 feet deep, the principal rooms being extremely large, some of them 40 feet deep. The front had a wide entrance, with a great double door in the cen- ter, projecting over which was a broad balcony with double arched windows. Prom this balcony, for nearly a century, the military re- views were held by the Colonial Governors. The decorations of the interior of the house, were magnificent, and the furniture, all of which was imported, was elegant, and very costly. A stable and coach house were in the rear of the house. General Washington re- mained at the house until summoned to visit Congress at Philadelphia toward the end of May. From the year 1826 to 1856 it was used, some- what changed from its original character, as a hotel, known as "The United States", kept by T. B. Redmond, and later for various busi- ness purposes, until finally demolished in 1856. THE OLD BRIDEWELL. This building stood in the park, on the west side of the City Hall. It was erected in 1775, as the inscription on the corner stone now in possession of the New York Historical Society, indi- cates. This stone was laid with due ceremony, by the Mayor, White- head Hicks, who had held that office for ten consecutive years. The building was built of dark grey stone, two stories high, besides the basement, with a pediment in the front and in the rear, which were carried up a story higher. The centre apartments were allotted to the keeper and his deputies. On the first floor on the right, there was an apartment called the Long Room, and on the left a similar apartment, on the second floor there were two wards, the one called the Upper Hall and the other the Chain Room. The Upper Hall was appropriated to the higher class of convicts. But the "Old Bridewell" derives its principal interest from its being used by the British, during the Revolution, as a place of con- finement of American Soldiers who were so unfortunate as to be taken prisoners. Here as in all those places used for that purpose in this city, cruelty, misery and starvation agonized its helpless vic- tims. The patriot soldier immured within these walls, saw nothing before him, but the horrid prospect of a long, protracted, and aggra- vated death. The old building was demolished in 1838 and became quite a stone quarry for the builder then engaged in erecting. the "Tombs" in Centre Street. THE GOVERNMENT HOUSE . The annexed view is a correct representation of the Government House, taken from a large lithographic print, handsomely got up and colored, published by Mr .H .R.Robinson, No. 142 Nassau Street, in 1848. The original drawing from which Mr. Robinson's engraving was taken, was made by Milbourne, an English artist, in 1797. He was from London in 1792, and was scene painter for the Park Theatre. The Government House was a handsome brick edifice, situated at the foot of Broadway, fronting the Rowling Green. It occupied the grounds where formerly the Dutch and English "Forts, and subsequently the Revolutionary works, were located, the foundations of the house being built of the stones from the walls of the Old Ports, which had just been levelled. It was erected in 179C, at the expense of the State of New York, and was intended for the residence of President Washington, and that of all future Presidents. The seat of Government, however, being removed to Philadelphia, it was appropriated for a number of years to the uses of the Governors of the State, George Clinton and John Jay, while holding the Executive office. Prom 1799 until 1815, it was used for the Custom House of this port . In 1815 the building was taken down, and the site sold for building lots, by order of the Common Council, the Corporation hav- ing adopted measures for purchasing the building and site in 18C5- The lots sold for $164,783, and produced a net gain to the City of over $80,000, which was owing to the good management of the late Thomas R. Mercein, who was then Comptroller. RICHMOND HILL MANSION. This Mansion built in 1760 on a hill of considerable elevation by Mayor Mortier, an English officer, stood at what is now the Cor- ner of Varick and Charlton Streets. It was occupied by Washington and his family from May until June 1776, whence he removed his head- quarters to the Roger Morris House. It was then occupied during the War, by British officers, Sir Guy Carlton, Lord Dorchester, and other distinguished Noblemen. During the first year of the Govern- ment under the Constitution Vice President Adams occupied the House and later, for 10 years, Colonel Aaron Burr - eminent men and women of the old World and the New, Tallyrand, Volney, Louis Phillipe, Senators, Ambassadors and Authors, enjoyed his hospitality - at that time it was a beautiful spot. In front there was nothing to ob- struct the view of the Hudson. To the right fertile meadows stretch- ed up towards the little hamlet of Greenwich Village. About the year 1817, in order to conform to the grade of sur- rounding streets, the old building was undermined and carefully low- ered to the desired grade. In the year 1834 it was altered and con- verted into a theatre known as the "Richmond Hill" and a few years later it was again changed and called the "Tivoli Gardens" and con- certs given for a short time. About the year 1847 it was rebuilt again and named, "The Greenwich" and in 1849 the old building disap- peared. COL. ROGER MORRIS' HOUSE. The Roger Morris House (known as the Juroel Mansion) built of bricks brought from Holland, was erected in 1758 on the Heights that overlook Harlem River, a little below the High Bridge. It was occupied by General Washington as his headquarters on the day of the victory at Harlem Plains, Sept. 16th, 1776. It was confiscated from the Loyalist owner after the Revolution, purchased by John Jacob Astor, who sold it to Stephen Jumel, whose widow mar- ried Aaron Burr, who left her, in disgust, she living there for years alone, a terror to her servants, and shunned by her neighbors. It was while General Washington made his brief sojourn at the Mansion that he had his attention called to Alexander Hamilton. During his inspection of the works thrown up at Harlem for the pro- tection of his army, Washington was struck by the skill displayed in the arrangement and disposition of a certain fort which was in charge of a young captain of artillery, and, on making inquiries, it turned out that the name of the officer in question was Alexander Hamilton (then a youth of 20) of whom General Greene had previously spoken to his superior in terms of high praise. Washington at once sought the acquaintance of the youth and there and then the friendship began which linked their lives and their fame together. In later years it has been occupied by various families, and at present (1896) is the residence of General Ferdinand P. Earle, who purchased the property in 1894, the old house still being in a fine state of preservation. FRAUNUES TAVERN. Cor of BROAD &PEARL STREETS. WasTt/jigittmj puarlerj JVayaniher J7&3._ and. the house in which he took leave FRAUNCE'S TAVERN . Praunce's Tavern, corner of Broad ant! Dock (Pearl) Streets, Washington's quarters on the evacuation of the city by the British troops on Nov. 25, 1733, was erected probably about 1730, being the family homestead of Etienne (Stephen) De Lancey, built on land con- veyed to him by his father-in-law, Hon. Stephanus Van Cortlandt. It was purchased by Samuel Praunces, of French extraction, and from his swarthy complexion familiarly called "Black Swan", in 1762 for L2000 provincial currency and opened as a tavern under the name of "Queen Charlotte". Societies met here and in one of the great rooms in the second story the "Chamber of Commerce" held its monthly meetings for many years. During the troubles which preceded the Revolution it appears to have been the resort of both Whigs and Loyalists, political af- fairs not having sufficient power to sever the social ties of those whose custom it was to assemble there and discuss Praunce's "Ma- deira", a wine the excellent quality of which his cellar stood pro- verbial. A social club, which passed Saturday evenings there during the Winter, and at their Club House on Kip's Bay during the Summer, was composed of the following gentlemen: John Jay Leonard Lispenard Gouverneur Morris Anthony Lispenard Robt. R. Livingston. Francis Lewis John Watts Henry Kelly Richd. Harrison John Hay Peter Van Schaack Daniel Ludlow Egbert Benson. Morgan Lewis. Gulian Verplanck John Livingston Henry Livingston James Seagrove Dr. S. Bard George Ludlow William Ludlow William Imlay Edward Goold John Reade J. Stevens Stephen Rapelye John Moore . The War coming on the members of the Club dispersed in December 1775 and never afterwards assembled. While t?ie city was in posses- sion of the British nothing of interest seems to have transpired within the house. On the 25th Nov. 1733, the date of the Evacuation of the city by the British, and the triumphal entry of Washington and the American Army, Washington repaired to this tavern and there during the afternoon Governor Clinton gave a public dinner to the officers of the Army. A few days later, on Dec. 4th, occurred Wash- ington's immortal farewell to his officers. Sam Fraunces kept the house until 1785 when he sold it and on the election of Washington to the Presidency he was appointed steward to the Presidential es- tablishment . Two stories have been added to the building since it was first erected, as may be seen in the sketch. At this date (1894) it is still standing, the Society of the "Sons of the Revolution" holding their business meetings there. FRAUNCE'S TAVERN . Washington taking leave of his officers. On Thursday, December 4, 1783, the principal officers of the Array assembled at Fraunce's Tavern to take a final leave of their beloved Chief. Revd Mr. Weerns, formerly Rector of Mount Vernon par- ish, in his "Life of George Washington" describes the scene as fol- lows: "About half after twelve the general entered the room where an elegant collation was spread, but none tasted it. Conversation was attempted but it failed. As the clock struck one, the general went to the sideboard and filling out some wine, turned to his offic- ers and begged they would join him in a glass. Then, with a look of sorrow and a faltering voice, he said, "Well, my brave brothers in arms we part - perhaps to meet in this life no more and now I pray God to take you all in his holy keeping and render your latter days as prosperous as the past has been glorious." Soon as they had drunk, he beckoned to General Knox who approached and pressed his hand in tears of delicious silence. The officers all followed his example, while manly cheeks, swollen with grief, bespoke sensations too strong for utterance." Washington soon left the room and passing through a corps of light infantry, he walked in silence to Whitehall followed by a vast procession, and at two o'clock entered a barge, magnificently decor- ated, to proceed to Paulus Hook, on the New Jersey shore, on his way to Mount Vernon. THE BCWLING GREEN. The Bowling Green was the first public Park established. In March, 1733, it was resolved by the Common Council, that the piece of land lying at the lower end of Broadway, fronting the fort, be leased, in order to be enclosed to make a Bowling Green, with walks therein, for the beauty and ornament of the street, as well as for the recreation of the inhabitants, leaving the street, on each side, fifty feet wide, and in the following year it was resolved that the Green, be leased to Frederick Philip se, John Chambers, and John Roosevelt, for ten years, for a bowling green only. Previous to the Revolution, the Colonial Assembly resolved to procure from England, a statue of the king, (George III). In 177C the statue arrived here, and was erected in the Green. The King was extremely unpopu- lar and although riots were of frequent occurrence, no opposition seems to have been made to the erection of the statue. In May 1771 the Common Council resolved that, "Whereas the General Assembly have been at great expense in bringing from England a statue of his Ma- jesty and erecting it on the Bowling Green, and unless said Green be fenced in, it will become the receptacle of the filth and dirt from the neighborhood, it is ordered that an iron railing be erected around the Green, at an expense of eight hundred pounds." At the beginning of the war, the statue, which was of lead, was demolished and run into bullets, for the use of the American forces. About 1840 a structure of rough rock, over the sides of which flowed a stream of water from a croton pipe, was erected within the Green, but was removed somewhere in the sixties or seventies. BULLS HEAD IN THE BOWERY, -// B,iyas-d and. /•„„,,, Sis Canal St .V }'//<« "BULLS HEAD", in the Bowery between Bayard and Pump (now Canal St.) 1783 "Bull's Head Tavern" with its cattle market for 150 years, and in various locations, has been one of the institutions of the city. In the early days the live-stock market adjoined Trinity Church yard. Years afterward a drovers Inn was built at the gates of the city on the present site of the Astor House, where from 172C till 174C, Adam Van Der Bergh, a genial host, discussed Cattle and Small Ale with the drovers. "Bull's Plead in the Bowery", as shown in the engraving, with Stephen Carpenter as host, was the next site, stand- ing where the Old Bowery (now Thalia) Theatre stands. It was the headquarters for drovers and horse traders who came from the country to attend the cattle market. Bull and bear baiting and dog fights were common, the spectacle usually taking place in or near the pub- lic slaughter house. Here Daniel Drew, a farmer's son of Putnam County, born July 29, 1797, when about 19 years of age, first brought a few lambs to market, guiding his little flock down the Bowery, himself barefooted and poorly clad. He in time became proprietor of the Tavern and there laid the foundation of the great fortune which he afterward acquired in Wall Street. In 1825 "The Bull's Head" was removed from its old site to a new building erected for the purpose at Third Avenue and 24th Street while two blocks of ground were purchased in 24th Street between Third and Lexington Avenues and converted into cattle yards. THE FIRST PRESIDENTIAL MANSION . No. 1 Cherry St. The site of this building, now in the shadow of the big stone arches of the Brooklyn Bridge, was at the junction of Cherry and Pearl Streets on Franklin Square in former times known as "Cherry Hill". The Mansion, one of the finest in the city, was erected about 1770 by Walter Franklin, one of the richest merchants of his time. Upon his death it became the property of Samuel Osgood, through his marriage with the widow of Mr. Franklin. Upon President elect Washington coming to New York to reside, the building was se- lected as his residence, Mr. Osgood, who became the First Postmaster General of the United States, removing elsewhere that it might be properly repaired and furnished, Congress having, it is said, paid $8,000 for the work. Arriving in the city on April 23d, 1789, one week before his inauguration, he was escorted to the Mansion by the Governor, State and Municipal officers, Foreign Ambassadors, and a grand procession through Queen St., now Pearl St. In 1790 the resi- dence proving inconvenient on account of the "great distance out of town", and as Mr. Osgood, the owner and Postmaster General, desired to return to it, having lived at his country seat, 3 miles to the North, during the interim, the President arranged for removal to the McComb Mansion in Broadway, a little below Trinity Church, and which removal was accordingly made on Feby. 23rd, 1790. In the latter years the old building was used for various business purposes and was finally taken down in 1856. LISP ENARD • 3 MEADOWS . This view represents a rural picture of that part of our city, in the vicinity of the present foot of Canal Street, at a period about the time of the Revolutionary war. A large pond, commonly called the Collect, occupied a considerable portion of the present neighborhood of the Halls of Justice, in Centre Street. Prom this pond, extended toward the North River, a marsh, covering a surface of seventy acres, originally covered by stunted bushes, and filled with swamp rubbish and the rotten growth of ages. It was justly considered the pest and plague of the outskirts of the city; cattle straying into it were sometimes "swamped" in its muddy holes, so that it was necessary to fence it around. But by far the most seri- ous complaint against the nuisance was its alleged unwholesome ef- fect upon residents in the vicinity, who were great sufferers from the fever and ague. These circumstances induced the government, in the year 1732, to grant the fee of the "Swamp" to Mr. Anthony Rut- gers, residing near the site of the old New York Hospital, upon con- dition that he should clear and drain it, and pay a moderate quit- rent. We see the western end of the swamp, near the North River, a number of years subsequent to that last spoken of. The bushes were cleared off and a large drain cut through the centre of the swamp, drawing its waters into the North River. Upon the hill, among the trees, is the residence of Mr. Lispe- nard, not discoverable through the foliage. The first of the family named Anthony Lispenard, removed to this city from Albany, about the year 1684. He died in the year 1696, leaving three children. An- thony, Margaret and Abigail. His wife, Abigail, also survived him. The son, Anthony, died in 1755, at an advanced age, leaving five children, Leonard, David, Magdalena, Abigail and Mary. Leonard Lis- penard became the proprietor of the farm a part of which is repre- sented in the engraving. He was a prominent man in public affairs in this city for many years. On the right, or northerly side of the swamp, the roof of a dwelling is seen, which was known as the Brannon property. A public garden and place of resort was here established, known as Brannon Gardens. When streets were afterward laid out through the property, one of them was known as Brannon Street. THE "KOLCH" or "KALCH-HOOK" POND. Where the Tombs" on Centre Street, formerly Collect Street, now stands, there was in the early Dutch days a lovely pond, sur- rounded by high hills, called the "Kolch" (translated from the Dutch "Shell Point") or "Kalch Hook" Pond and later the "Collect" and Fresh Water Pond, containing about 46 acres, very deep, and of un- usual purity. Prom it ran a little stream into the East River, while towards the North River stretched a marsh, covering several acres, which in about 18C0, it was found necessary to drain to and through Canal Street to the River, a stone bridge at Broadway and Canal Street being built across the drain. The Pond was famous for its fish, the whole spot and its surroundings being a favorite re- sort for pleasure seekers. In 1789 it was proposed to make a public park of the beautiful place, but the scheme came to naught on the ground that New York would never grow within accessible distance of the region. In 1796 the pond was the scene of the first trial of a steamboat with a screw propeller, the invention of John Pitch. The habitable portion of the city gradually creeping up, schemes were discussed for disposing of the Pond, resulting in the decision to fill it in and grade the grounds about it, which work, about 1808, was begun, continuing slowly until finally the whole of it was ob- literated, the ground levelled, streets laid out and every vestige of the old locality disappearing, the earth from the hills being taken to fill in the pond. As above mentioned "The Tombs" begun in 1836 and completed in 1838, now stands about where the centre of the old pond was. THE CITY HALL or "Federal Hall" Wall Street. The City Hall, erected in 17C0, called after 1789 "Federal Hall" was situated at the head of Broad Street, fronting on Wall Street, where the U. S. Sub-Treasury now stands. In it were held the Ses- sions of the Common Council, the Provincial Assembly, the Supreme Court, and the Mayor and Admiralty Courts; it was also the place of elections. The British, while they occupied the city during the War, used it as the place of the main guard, at the same time plun- dering the Public Library contained there. It continued with occas- sional repairs and alterations until after the war and the assembling of the Congress of the United States in this city in 1787 and 1789, preceding which it was altered and enlarged for their accommodation. From the portico of the second story, facing Broad Street, General Washington was inaugurated President. The seat of the National Government being moved to Philadelphia, it was again altered to re- ceive the Courts and the Legislature of the State and the latter held their Sessions there until the Capitol was established at Al- bany in 1797. It was demolished about 1813, the new City Hal), in the Park having been finished and the site was divided up into lots and sold at about an average of $8,000, per lot. Plain brick build- ings were erected on the site, one of which, on the corner of Nassau Street was occupied for some years as a book store and reading room and afterwards as the Custom House. This was demolished in 1834 when the present building was begun, being completed in 1841, and used as Custom House until 1862 and since then as the U. S. Sub- Treasury. (f-:j -y— , . <**•*; ! I |gy -jjjj^ First President of ike> irnited Watts, oi* tiw 30 * ^ H. n. Ko6insjn,£it&. 3 1. Pari ifo». FEDERAL HALL INAUGURATION OP GEORGE WASHINGTON. On a sunshiny day in April. 1789, George Washington, President- elect of the United States by the unanimous voice of the people, stood on a balcony in front of the Senate Chamber in the old Federal Hall on Wall Street, to take the oath of office. An immense multi- tude filled the streets and the windows and roofs of the adjoining houses. Clad in a suit of dark brown cloth of American manufac- ture, with his hair powdered, and with white silk stockings, silver shoe buckles and steel hilted dress sword, the hero who had led the colonies to their Independence came modestly forward to take up the burdens that peace had brought. Profound silence fell upon the multitude as Washington responded solemnly to the reading of the oath of office "I swear - so help me God". Then, amid cheers, the display of flags, and the ringing of all the bells in the city, our first President turned to face the duties his countrymen had impos- ed upon him. Hil£[L'»'DiS)l£tei-fl CO (5) JO § (M^g > situated on the Block, hounded by Montgomery S! Quito ^ l Cherry S 1 * Monroev THE BELVEDERE CLUB HOUSE. The Belvedere Club House was situated on the banks of the East River on the block now bounded by Montgomery, Clinton, Cherry and Munroe Streets. It was built in the year 1792, by thirty-three gen- tlemen, of whom the Belvedere Club was composed. The beauty of the situation induced them to extend their plan beyond their first in- tentions, which were merely a couple of rooms for the use of their Club; and they erected the building as well to answer the purposes of a public hotel and tavern, as for their own accommodation. It continued in its original state and appearance until about the year 1820, when in order to keep pace with the improvements rapidly ex- tending in that section of the city it was removed, and the eleva- tion upon which it had its foundation (being something like 60 or 70 feet higher than at present) made to conform to the grade of the ad- jacent streets. It took its name from a wealthy nobleman, and was one of the most popular places of resort for convivial amusements and other en- tertainments that the city afforded, and was well sustained by many of the most prominent individuals of the times. The proprietors and members of the Club in 1794 were: Mr. John Atkinson Mr. Thomas Marston Mr. Augustus Van Horne w Babcock " Gulian Ludlow » Lawrence Yates " Barretto " McVickar Colonel Walker ■ William Bell ■ Pitcairn Mr. Corp " James Constable " Joseph Searight " Boyle " Durie " Waldo " Thomas White General Pish " Reedy " James McEvers Mr. Joseph Gouverneur " William Rogers " John Shaw " Henderson » Carlile Pollock " James Seton " Robert Kemble » J. C. Hoffman " Henry Sadler. COL. SMITH'S HOUSE, 61st St. and East River. This old house still standing (1897) at the foot of 61st St. and East River, on a terrace some 10 to 15 feet above the level of the Street, was originally built as a summer residence in 1799 by Col. Wm. S. Smith, a son-in-law of John Adams, Vice President of the United States, he having married the latter* s only daughter. A large mansion consisting of two huge wings joined together by a por- tico in front and an extension in the rear, the erection of which together with an unfortunate speculation in East River Real Estate having bankrupted the owner before his work was completed. Records show that his possession of the 30 acres which composed the place and which he had purchased from Peter Prau Van Zandt, was very brief. It had a local designation of "Smith's Folly" by which it was known for years. Upon the failure of Col. Smith, it was sold and passed out of his hands, later on being used as a young ladies boarding school, and still later as a well known roadhouse or tavern kept by a Mr. Hart. The proprietor dying sometime during the thirties it was pur- chased by a Mr. Towle in whose family it has remained ever since, some of his descendants now (1897) occupying i.t and keeping it in a good state of preservation. It is about the last remaining relic of the time when the upper eastern shore had a line of fine Mansions and Homesteads, whose owners names were prominent in the City's early history. DUANE- STREET CHUB AND PARSONAGE THE BANK OF NEW YORK, I79S. VLEW OF OLI> BUILD IXdS IN WILLIAM STREET /ookiruf from ct' Liberty St. Unvu7'*.£$ ftfaidten. l*