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 Medical Mission SwirecSfansccuoa 
 
 - LiBRARY 
 
 HAINAN 
 
 THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS 
 
 /?^3 
 
 DR. TONG 
 
 Assistant at the Nodoa Hospital 
 
HOSPITALS IN HAINAN 
 
 IIoiHOW (Kiung (’how). — Hospital; (lis)iensary. 
 XoDOA. — Hospital ; disjionsary. 
 
 Kachek. — Hosj)ital ; ilispensarv. 
 
 Patients treated in H)07, lo707. 
 
 STAFF 
 
 H. AI. .McCandliss, M. 1). 
 
 Rev. J. F. Kelly, M. D. 
 s. L. Lasell, H. D. 
 
 HOSPITALS IN THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS 
 
 Iloilo. — Hospital ; dispensary. 
 
 Dumaguete. — Hospital ; dispensary. 
 
 Cebu. — Disiiensary ; medical itineration. 
 
 I’atients treated in 1907, 12,472. 
 
 STAFF 
 
 .1. Andrew Hall. AI. D. 
 
 \Vm. .T. Langheim, AI. D. 
 
 .Tames A. Graham, AI. H. 
 
 Robert W. Carter, M. D. ' 
 
 2 
 
MEDICAL WORK IN HAINAN 
 
 HP] earliest Protestant missionary in Hainan 
 uas Mr. C. C. Jereiniassen, wlio began medi- 
 cal work at Hoihow in 1881. He worked 
 independently for a time, traveling around 
 the island, preaching and dispensing medi- 
 cines. In 188d his work was taken under 
 the care of the Canton Mission and Dr. 
 11. M. McCandliss was sent to the capital, 
 Kiung Chow, three miles inland. An old 
 ancestral hall was fitted up as a hospital, 
 and the jirestige of the physician ’s success 
 was most heli)ful in gaining a hearing for Christian teaching. 
 In 189? a hospital was built at Hoihow, the seaport of Kiung 
 Chow, and the medical work centralized there. The foreign 
 residents of the city have since shown their interest in the 
 hospital by erecting a pavilion of twenty-four beds for women 
 and children. The Chinese merchants of Hoihow gave the 
 money for a large isolation ward, and a wealthy Chinese 
 gentleman has given land to enlarge the grounds. Surgical 
 wards with cement floors make it possible to undertake serious 
 operations. 
 
 Aside from the actual relief of suffering, the medical 
 work does much good in helping the people to east off the 
 bondage of their superstitious beliefs. None but those who 
 have worked among them can know how heavily they are 
 burdened by their fear of the dead and their dread of evil 
 spirits. Disease, to their minds, has nothing to do with in- 
 fection, but is caused by the malignit}^ of some earth god 
 or the displeasure of some ancestor, who is discontented with 
 his place of burial. 
 
 Their superstitious observances are endless. If there is 
 smallpox in the house, some ornamented red paper is pasted 
 on the outer wall. If there is a birth, a branch of wild i)ine- 
 apple tied with red paper is hung out at the door, and none 
 
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but the household must enter. For twelve days no work must 
 be done, no box opened, no rice pounded. None of the fam- 
 ily may engage in heavy labor lest the earth gods should be 
 offended and smite the young mother. 
 
 Under every child’s bed is the spirit of some old woman, 
 and every night a stick of incense must be put under the 
 bed as an offering. When plague appears, it is the plague 
 spirit that comes, and the survivors must run away and find 
 refuge elsewhere. Meanwhile thieves and prowlers enter the 
 house and carry off the clothing and furniture, thus spread- 
 ing the disease. 
 
 If there is a case of fever, the priest must be called to entreat 
 the fever god. If the case is one of dropsy, the water god must 
 be appealed to. If the eyes become diseased, there is a female god 
 who has charge of such matters. Weak women must seek the god 
 of Bak Nga. The insane must be commended to the god who sits 
 in the temple at Long Kee. Rheumatism and neuralgia are due to 
 evil earth gods. The priest must write charms on muslin and paste 
 a piece on each of the four corners of the house, and one on the 
 altar in the center. These rags must be sprinkled daily.* 
 
 Nodoa. — From Nodoa, near the center of the island, it 
 is possible to reach the various tribes of the interior. Seven 
 dialects are spoken in the market, though most of the people 
 understand Hainanese. There is here a large colony of 
 Hakkas — “guests” — coming originally from the mainland. 
 They are a superior class of people, more able and ambitiouk 
 than the Hainanese. Dr. Tong, the valued assistant in the 
 hospital, is a Hakka. He speaks five of the dialects. 
 
 The Mary Henry Hospital, built and befriended by the 
 Princeton Church of Philadelphia, is usually overcrowded. 
 The women’s wards are full to overflowing most of the year, 
 which gives a matchless opportunity to instruct them in the 
 Gospel, and to imbue them with some ideas of cleanliness and 
 decent living. For several years the plague has raged in the 
 surrounding towns, but Nodoa and Namfong, where we have a 
 dispensary, have been free from the scourge. Among the 
 patients in the hospital are many military officers and soldiers. 
 
 Kachek, near the coast, sixty miles south of Kiung 
 Chow, was occupied in 1892. A hospital, the gift of Mr. A. 
 W. Kilborne, of Orange, N. J., was opened on Christmas 
 day of 1907. Dr. Bryan gives a vivid descri})tion of the 
 services held with the patients in the little chapel: 
 
 * Dr. H. M. McCandliss in Assembly Herald. 
 
 4 
 
On the wall are the Ten Commandments, the Creed and the 
 Lord’s Prayer. We have a number of hymns, also made to hang 
 on the wall, and point to each character as we sing it. We sing, 
 pray, read the Commandments, Creed or Bible, and then talk, end- 
 ing with another prayer. It is almost impossible to prepare a talk 
 beforehand, as you have to be guided by the audience. Sometimes 
 there are many who have heard the Gospel before; sometimes there 
 are only new faces, and you must begin with, “God created the 
 heaven and the earth.” Our patients are mostly of the poorer classes, 
 with an occasional scholar or well-to-do merchant, and while they 
 are sometimes noisy or inattentive they are seldom disrespectful. 
 
 Our service is much more orderly than at first. We have always 
 insisted on hats being removed; now, if a stranger comes in with 
 his hat on, there is always some one to shout to him to take it off. 
 It is sometimes troublesome to dispose of the hats, as they meas- 
 ure two and a half feet across, and in a crowd are hard to manipulate. 
 
 MEDICAL WORK IN THE PHILIPPINE 
 ISLANDS 
 
 It is less than ten years since our first missionaries went 
 to the Philippines, and for some time the disturbed state of 
 the country prevented much traveling outside of Manila. Phy- 
 sicians are stationed as yet at only three points. The first 
 medical work was begun by Andrew Hall, M. D., at Iloilo, 
 where a small hospital of bamboo, thatched with nipa leaves, 
 was built in 1901, with money raised in the place. Only a 
 few patients each day ventured to come at first. Mrs. Hall 
 welcomed the women and talked kindly to them while they 
 awaited their turn, thus forming friendships which opened 
 the way for Christian influence. An excellent Filipino as- 
 sistant with his wife looked after the patients and helped in 
 the dispensary. The little hospital did much good, especially 
 in the serious outbreak of cholera, 1902-1903. It is now re- 
 placed by the Sabine Haines Memorial Hospital, built with 
 funds given by Mr. and Mrs. C. D. Haines, of New York, in 
 memory of their son. The Hon. Wm. McKinley, of Illinois, 
 a member of the Congi-essional party accompanying Secretary 
 Taft in 1905, also gave a large sum, and other gifts were 
 made in Iloilo. The total cost of the building and equip- 
 ment was about twenty thousand pesos. The hospital was 
 formally opened in March, 1906. It is a very complete in- 
 stitution, with rooms for private patients and a capacity of 
 
 5 
 
thirty beds. The operating room is thoroughly modern. There 
 are quarters for the two American nurses and for the corps 
 of Filipino nurses under training. Some of these have been 
 at work for more than a year and have proved satisfactory 
 and trustworthy. There are many diflficulties to contend with, 
 but by carefully selecting those who show special aptitude, 
 there is reason to believe that in a few years we shall have 
 a force of Filipino nurses who may be depended upon. 
 
 Worship is conducted every morning, and all the patients 
 can hear at least the singing. Testaments and gospels are 
 distributed in the wards and from the dispensary. Many have 
 become interested and have afterwards united with the church, 
 and others have had their prejudices overcome by the lo\e 
 and kindness shown them. 
 
 The total number of patients is nearly eight thousand 
 yearly. The receipts have not quite covered the expenses, but 
 it is hoped that they may do so another year. 
 
 The Baptist Mission has proposed that instead of estab- 
 lishing a hospital of their own in Iloilo they should unite 
 with us in supporting ours, thus providing an adequate force 
 of ])hysicians and nurses and securing continuous service at 
 the hospital as well as opportunity for district work. There 
 is every reason to ho]ie and believe that this plan will be 
 consummated. 
 
 Dumaguete. — The Silliman Institute, with its more than 
 three hundred students, is situated at Dumaguete on the Island 
 of Negros. For this reason it is especially important that a 
 physician should be stationed there. Dr. W. .1. Langheim, 
 arriving in 1902, was appointed by the government President 
 of the Provincial Board of Health. Armed with this author- 
 ity he was able, by watchful care and sanitary precautions, 
 to save Dumaguete from the ravages of cholera. Finding a 
 hospital imperatively needed, he obtained the Board’s ])er- 
 mission to expend the salary given him by the government in 
 building it. It contains three wards with twenty-five beds, 
 an operating room, dispensary and laboratory, with a ward 
 for cholera patients. All the funds were raised on the field. 
 The presence of the hospital is a great advantage to the 
 school, and Dr. Langheim ’s position under the government 
 has given our work prestige and influence. Many patients 
 are visited in their homes. 
 
 Cebu.' — East of Negros lies the Island of Cebu, where 
 work was opened in 1902. From the beginning there has been 
 more opposition here than at any other station, amounting 
 
 6 
 
to serious persecution, and in one case to actual murder. 
 Nevertheless, rapid progress has been made. In a single 
 year more than six hundred {)ersons were baptized. 
 
 No permanent medical work was established until Janu- 
 ary, 1906, on the arrival of Dr. and Mrs. J. A. Graham. A 
 new dispensary building was opened in August, and the at- 
 tendance has constantly increased. The ])aticnts number about 
 five thousand yearly. The small fees received nearly pay all 
 expenses. Mrs. Graham helps in the waiting room, giving 
 out gospels and leaflets and explaining them. The number 
 of friends with each sick person varies from two to five, and 
 all learn something of the truth. The dispensary is the great 
 center of gos[)el and tract distribution for all parts of Cebu, 
 and much of Bohol and Leyte. 
 
 The crying need here is for a suitable hospital and equip- 
 ment. There are many patients that need a doctor ’s con- 
 stant supervision. 
 
 Albay, in the southeast corner of Luzon, is the capital 
 of one of the richest provinces, having a large trade in hem|i. 
 The railroad soon to be built through the heart of the province 
 would open to a medical missionary stationed here a wide field 
 for itineration. 
 
MEDICAL MISSION SERIES 
 
 Our Hospitals in Africa. 
 
 Our Hospitals in China. 
 
 Our Hosi)itals in Imlia. 
 
 Our Hospitals in Persia. 
 
 Our Hos|)itals in Hainan and the Philij)pines. 
 Our Hospitals in Korea. 
 
 Our Hospitals in Siam. 
 
 Our Hospitals in Syria. 
 
 3 cents each; 3o cents a dozen 
 Set of eight, 20 cents 
 
 The Woman’s Foreign Missionary Society 
 Ot the Presbyterian Church 
 501 Witherspoon Building. Philadelphia 
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