COLUMBIA LIBRARIES OFFSITE 
 
 HEALTH SCIENCES STANDARD 
 
 III 
 HX00077194 CODE 
 
 OF THE 
 
 Board of Health 
 
 OF THE 
 
 DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH 
 
 OF 
 
 THE CITY OF NEW YORK 
 
 Colombia University 
 011 ege of Ph^Wjm. • 
 
 1920 
 
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 N^83 
 
 Columbia SJniber$ttp^° a 
 in tfje Citp of jgeto gorfe ° p ' ' 
 
 COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS 
 AND SURGEONS 
 
 Reference Library 
 
 Given by 
 
SANITARY CODE 
 
 OF THE 
 
 Board of Health 
 
 OF THE 
 
 DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH 
 
 THE CITY OF NEW YORK 
 
 1920 
 

 £<h 
 
 PRESS OF 
 
 CLARENCES. NATHAN, INC., 
 
 NEW YORK. 
 
 3 C— 1920 25-23:9-20-N 
 
THE SANITARY CODE OF THE BOARD OF 
 
 HEALTH OF THE DEPARTMENT 
 
 OF HEALTH 
 
 OF THE 
 
 CITY OF NEW YORK 
 
 The Sanitary Code of the Board of Health of the 
 Department of Health of the City of New York 
 revised and amended by the said Board and filed, as 
 thus revised and amended, with the City Clerk of the 
 City of New York, pursuant to the provisions of 
 Section 1172 of the Greater New York Charter. 
 
 Revised and amended December 31st, 1914. 
 
 Filed, as thus revised and amended, with the City 
 Clerk on April 9, 1915. 
 
 With the amendments and additional provisions added, 
 and filed with the City Clerk, to May 15, 1920. 
 
 THE SANITARY CODE 
 
 Constituting Chapter 20 of the Code of Ordinances 
 of the City of New York. 
 
 BE IT RESOLVED by the Board of Health of 
 the Department of Health of The City of New York 
 that, by virtue of the authority vested in the said Board 
 by the provisions of Section 1172 of the Greater New York 
 
4 Section 1 
 
 Charter, the Sanitary Code of the Board of Health of the 
 Department of Health of the City of New York be gen- 
 erally revised and amended, and made to read as follows: 
 
 Article 1. 
 
 Definitions. 
 
 Article 2. 
 
 Animals. 
 
 Article 3. 
 
 Births, marriages and deaths. 
 
 Article 4. 
 
 Buildings. 
 
 Article 5. 
 
 Cold Storage. 
 
 Article 6. 
 
 Medical examiners. 
 
 Article 7. 
 
 Diseases. 
 
 Article 8. 
 
 Drugs and medicines. 
 
 Article 9. 
 
 Food and drink. 
 
 Article 10. 
 
 General provisions. 
 
 Article 11. 
 
 Midwifery and care of children. 
 
 Article 12. 
 
 Miscellaneous provisions. 
 
 Article 13. 
 
 Offensive materials. 
 
 Article 14. 
 
 Plumbing, drainage, and sewerage. 
 
 Article 15. 
 
 Railroad cars and other public vehicles. 
 
 Article 16. 
 
 Street conditions. 
 
 Article 17. 
 
 Trades, occupations and businesses. 
 
 Article 18. 
 
 Vessels and seamen. 
 
 
 ARTICLE I. 
 
 
 Definitions. 
 
 Sec. 1. Definitions. Unless otherwise expressly 
 stated, wherever used in the Sanitary Code, the following 
 terms shall be taken to mean and include: 
 
 1. "Ashes": cinders, coal, and every other substance 
 which is left unconsumed by fire in stoves, furnaces, 
 ranges, fire-pots, fireplaces, and other such places. 
 
 2. "Bakeries": all buildings, rooms, or places used 
 or occupied for the purpose of making, preparing, or 
 
Section 1 5 
 
 baking bread, biscuits, pastry, cake, doughnuts, crullers, 
 noodles, macaroni, or spaghetti, to be sold or consumed 
 on or off the premises, except kitchens in hotels, restau- 
 rants, boarding-houses, or private residences , wherein 
 such products are prepared to be used and are used 
 exclusively on the premises. 
 
 3. "Board" and "said Board": the Board of Health 
 of the Department of Health of the City of New York. 
 
 4. "Boarding-house": every building or part thereof 
 other than a hotel, inn, or lodging-house, wherein meals 
 or lodging, or both, may be obtained for hire (customarily 
 by the week). 
 
 5. "Butcher": whoever is engaged in the business 
 of keeping, driving, or slaughtering cattle, or in selling 
 any meat. 
 
 6. "Cattle": all animals, except birds, fowl, and fish, 
 of which any part of the body is used as food. 
 
 7. "Cellar": every basement or lower story of any 
 building or house of which said basement or lower story 
 one-half or more of the height from the floor to the ceil- 
 ing is below the level of the street adjoining, or the surface 
 of the adjacent yard, court, or ground. 
 
 8. "Department": the Department of Health of the 
 City of Xew York. 
 
 9. "Dirt": natural soil, earth, gravel, sand, and 
 loose pieces of broken stone. 
 
 10. "Factory" and "manufactory": any mill, work- 
 shop, or other manufacturing or business establish- 
 ment, and all buildings, shops, and structures, or other 
 places used therefor or in connection therewith, where 
 one or more persons are employed at labor. 
 
 11. "Fish": every part of any animal that lives in 
 water or the flesh of which is not meat. 
 
 12. "Food": all substances, except drugs, used or 
 
6 Section 1 
 
 intended to be used for human consumption, including 
 meat, fish, vegetables, drink, confections, and condiments, 
 whether simple, mixed or compound. 
 
 13. "Garbage": swill and every accumulation of 
 both animal and vegetable matter, liquid or otherwise, 
 that attends the preparation, decay and dealing in, or 
 storage of meats, fish, fowls, birds, or vegetables. 
 
 14. "Infectious disease": all diseases of a com- 
 municable, contagious, or pestilential nature. 
 
 15. "Light" or "Lighted": natural, external light. 
 
 16. "Lodging-house": any house or building or 
 portion thereof, in which persons are harbored, or received, 
 or lodged, for hire for a single night, or for less than a 
 week at one time, or any part of which is let for any person 
 to sleep in, for any term less than a week. 
 
 17. "Meat": every part of any land animal, and 
 eggs (whether mixed or not with any other substance). 
 
 18. "Permit": the permission in writing of the 
 Board of Health, issued according to the provisions 
 of this Code, of any statute, or of the Regulations of 
 the Board of Health. 
 
 19. "Person": every individual, corporation, firm, 
 and joint stock association. 
 
 20. "Physician": every person who holds himself 
 out as being able to diagnose, treat, operate, or prescribe 
 for any human disease, pain, injury, deformity, or physical 
 condition, and who shall either offer or undertake by any 
 means or method, to diagnose, treat, operate, or prescribe 
 for any human disease, pain, injury, deformity, or physical 
 condition. 
 
 21. "Private market": every store, cellar, stand, 
 and place (not being a part of a public market), at or 
 in which meat, fish, or vegetables is or are bought, sold, 
 or kept for sale. 
 
Section 1 7 
 
 22. "Public laundry": any place where articles 
 are laundered for the general public for hire. 
 
 23. "Public place": every street (as hereinafter 
 defined), park, pier, dock and wharf, and every open 
 space therewith connected; all waters within the juris- 
 diction of the City of New York; every public yard, 
 ground, and area; every space open to the public between 
 a building and the street, between buildings, and between 
 streets; all places of public assemblage, including every 
 place of public worship, amusement, entertainment, 
 or instruction, and every place where an appreciable 
 number of persons gather for any purpose whatever, 
 and every public room or space connected with, and 
 every means of entrance to or exit from, any of the said 
 places; all places and premises where goods, wares, and 
 merchandise are sold or offered for sale, including all 
 public rooms or places therewith connected; every 
 railroad car, and every other public vehicle; every rail- 
 road depot, station, and platform, and every public room 
 or space connected therewith, and every stairway and 
 other means of entrance thereto or exit therefrom; every 
 ferry-boat and ferry-house, and every public room or 
 space connected with, and every means of entrance to 
 or exit from, such ferry-house. 
 
 24. "Refuse": waste material other than rubbish, 
 ashes, or garbage, that attends use or decay and accumu- 
 lation from the occupancy of buildings or premises. 
 
 25. "Report": a report in writing, signed by the 
 person who makes the same and indicating his official 
 position, if any such position be held. 
 
 26. "Rubbish": solid waste material accumulating or 
 resulting from the use or occupancy of buildings or prem- 
 ises, such as paper, straw, excelsior, rags, bottles, old clothes, 
 old shoes, tin cans, and other materials of a similar character. 
 
8 Section 1 
 
 27. "Saloon": every portion of any building in 
 which the business of selling meals, liquors, drinks, or 
 refreshments of any kind, shall be conducted, including 
 "concert saloons." 
 
 28. "Stable": every building or portion thereof in 
 which any horse, cattle, or other animal shall be kept. 
 
 29. "Streets": avenues, public highways, sidewalks, 
 gutters, and public alleys, lanes, and paths. 
 
 30. "Theatre": the building, room, and place, where 
 any play, concert, opera, circus, trick or jugglery show, 
 gymnastic or other exhibition, masquerade, public dance, 
 or other public gathering, drill, lecture, address, or other 
 form of public entertainment, amusement, or instruction 
 are, is, or may be held, given, furnished, performed, or 
 take place, and every public room or space connected 
 with, and every means of entrance to or exit from any 
 such place. 
 
 31. "Vegetable": every article used for human 
 consumption as food, other than meat, fish, or milk. 
 
 32. "Day Nursery": a place where more than three 
 children are received, kept, and cared for during the day 
 time. (As amended by the Board of Health, June 30, 
 1915.) 
 
 33. "Milk": the whole, fresh, clean, lacteal secre- 
 tion obtained by the complete milking of one or more 
 healthy cows, properly fed and kept, excluding that 
 obtained fifteen days before and five days after calving, 
 or such longer period as may be necessary to render the 
 milk practically colostrum-free: 
 
 34. "Skirnrned-Milk" : is clean, pure, healthy, whole- 
 some and unadulterated milk, from which substantially 
 all milk fat has been removed. 
 
 35. "Cream": is that portion of clean, pure, healthy, 
 wholesome and unadulterated milk, rich in milk fat, 
 
Section 1 9 
 
 which rises to the surface of milk on standing or is sepa- 
 rated from it by centrifugal force. 
 
 36. "Condensed Milk, Evaporated Milk, or Con- 
 centrated Milk": is the product resulting from the 
 evaporation of a considerable portion of the water from 
 clean, pure, healthy, wholesome and unadulterated milk. 
 
 37. "Sweetened Condensed Milk, Sweetened Evapo- 
 rated Milk, or Sweetened Concentrated Milk": is the 
 product resulting from the evaporation of a considerable 
 portion of water from clean, pure, healthy, wholesome 
 and unadulterated milk, to which sugar (sucrose) has 
 been added. 
 
 38. "Condensed Skimmed-Milk, Evaporated Skim- 
 med-Milk, or Concentrated Skimmed-Milk": is the 
 product resulting from the evaporation of a considerable 
 portion of water from clean, pure, healthy, wholesome 
 and unadulterated skimmed-milk. 
 
 39. "Sweetened Condensed Skimmed-Milk, Evapo- 
 rated Condensed Skimmed-Milk, or Concentrated Con- 
 densed Skimmed-Milk": is the product resulting from 
 the evaporation of a considerable portion of water from 
 clean, pure, healthy, wholesome and unadulterated 
 skimmed-milk, to which sugar (sucrose) has been added. 
 
 40. "Dried-Milk": is the product resulting from 
 the removal of the water from clean, pure, healthy, 
 wholesome and unadulterated milk. 
 
 41. "Dried-Skimmed-Milk" : is the product result- 
 ing from the removal of the water from clean, pure, 
 healthy, wholesome and unadulterated skimmed-milk. 
 
 42. "Modified Milk": is clean, pure, healthy, whole- 
 some and unadulterated milk, which has been changed 
 by the addition of water, sugar-of-milk, cr other sub- 
 stance intended to render the mi.11: suitable for infant 
 feeding. 
 
10 Article 2 
 
 43. "Reconstituted-Milk" : is a product which is 
 mechanically and exclusively made from milk solids 
 not fat, milk fats containing all the properties of milk fats 
 in milk, and water, in appropriate proportions and having 
 all the recognized characteristics of milk. 
 
 44. "Reconstituted-Cream": is a product which is 
 mechanically and exclusively made from milk solids not 
 fat, milk fats containing all the properties of milk fats in 
 milk, and water, in approporate proportions and having 
 all the recognized characteristics of cream. 
 
 45. "Buttermilk": is the product that remains when 
 butter is removed from clean, pure, healthy, wholesome 
 and unadulterated milk or cream in the process of churning. 
 
 46. "Malted-Milk" : is the product made by com- 
 bining clean, pure, healthy, wholesome and unadulterated 
 milk with the liquid separated from a mash of ground 
 barley, malt and wheat flour, with or without the addition 
 of sodium chloride, sodium bicarbonate and potassium 
 bicarbonate, in such manner as to secure the full enzymic 
 action of the malt extract and by removing water. 
 
 47. "Pestilential Disease": Shall be deemed to include 
 the conditions and symptoms resulting from the habitual 
 use of habit-forming drugs, and known as drug addiction. 
 (As adopted by the Board of Health, June 22, 1919.) 
 
 Note: Subdivision 1 to 31, adopted by the Board of 
 Health, December 31, 1914. Subdivisions 33 to 46, 
 adopted by the Board of Health, November 27, 1918.) 
 
 ARTICLE 2. 
 
 Animals. 
 
 Sec. 2. Glanders, . farcy, and other contagious diseases; 
 duty of veterinary surgeon to report. 
 
Article 2 11 
 
 Sec. 3. Glanders, farcy, and other contagious diseases; 
 
 animals suffering therefrom not to be retained 
 
 or exposed; destruction authorized. 
 Sec. 4. Animals suffering from or exposed to con- 
 tagious diseases not to be brought into or 
 
 kept in city. 
 Sec. 5. Animal injured or diseased beyond recovery 
 
 and abandoned, to be destroyed. 
 Sec. 6. Animals injured or diseased past recovery, 
 
 dead, or affected with an infectious or 
 
 contagious disease to be reported and 
 
 removed. 
 Sec. 7. Dead, sick, or injured animals; interference by 
 
 unauthorized persons prohibited. 
 Sec. S. Dead, sick, or injured animals; conditions 
 
 dangerous to life or detrimental to health 
 
 prohibited. 
 Sec. 9. Dead horses; to be tagged before placing in 
 
 street. 
 Sec. 10. Rabid and vicious animals; Department of 
 
 Health to be notified; destruction author- 
 ized; removal regulated. 
 Sec. 11. Horses, cattle, swine, sheep, geese, and goats; 
 
 not to be kept or yarded without a permit. 
 Sec. 12. Keeping of cows regulated. 
 Sec. 13. Tuberculin test of cows; certificate. 
 Sec. 14. Cattle; adequate ventilation, proper food and 
 
 water to be provided. 
 Sec. 15. Cattle; method of transporting in vehicles 
 
 restricted. 
 Sec. 16. Shelter for homeless animals; site to be 
 
 approved; conduct thereof regulated. 
 Sec. 17. Unmuzzled dogs; not permitted in any public 
 
 place. 
 
12 Sections 2 and 3 
 
 Sale of small animals regulated. 
 
 Live chickens, geese, ducks, and other fowls; 
 
 the keeping, killing, and sale regulated. 
 Keeping of live pigeons regulated. 
 Horses to be tested for glanders. 
 
 Sec. 
 
 18. 
 
 Sec. 
 
 19. 
 
 Sec. 
 
 20. 
 
 Sec. 
 
 21. 
 
 Sec. 2. Glanders, farcy, and other contagious dis- 
 eases; duty of veterinary surgeon to report. — Every 
 veterinary surgeon who shall examine or professionally 
 attend any animal in the City of New York affected with 
 glanders, or farcy, or any other contagious disease, shall, 
 immediately upon the discovery of such veterinary surgeon 
 that such animal is thus affected, report in writing to the 
 Department of Health the location of such diseased 
 animal, the name and address of the owner thereof, and 
 the type and character of the disease. (S. C. Sec. 127.) 
 
 Sec. 3. Glanders, farcy, and other contagious dis- 
 eases; animals suffering therefrom not to be retained 
 or exposed; destruction authorized. — No person shall 
 keep or retain, or cause or allow to be kept or retained, 
 at any place in the City of New York, any animal affected 
 with glanders or farcy, or any other contagious disease, 
 but shall, immediately upon his or her discovery that such 
 animal is thus affected, report the fact and the location 
 of such animal to the Department of Health. 
 
 The Sanitary Superintendent, an Assistant Sanitary 
 Superintendent, or the Director of the Bureau of In- 
 fectious Diseases, of the Department of Health, shall 
 cause every such animal to be promptly isolated or killed, 
 and, if killed, the body thereof to be promptly removed 
 and disposed of, in such manner as he shall designate. 
 (S. C. Sec. 125.) 
 
Sections 4, 5 and 6 13 
 
 Sec. 4. Animals suffering from or exposed to con- 
 tagious diseases not to be brought into or kept in city. — 
 No cattle, swine, sheep, horses, dogs, or cats, which are 
 affected with or have been exposed to any disease which 
 is contagious among such animals, shall be brought into 
 or kept in the City of New York. (S. C. Sec. 124.) 
 
 Sec. 5. Animal injured or diseased beyond recovery 
 and abandoned, to be destroyed. — Any animal, in any 
 street or public place within or adjacent to the built-up 
 portion of the City of New York, appearing, in the opinion 
 of any officer or inspector of the Department of Health 
 (and that of two citizens, requested by such officer or 
 inspector to view, in his presence, the said animal), to be 
 so injured or diseased as to preclude the possibility of 
 such animal thereafter serving any useful purpose, and 
 not being properly cared for, may, if not removed within 
 one hour after being found in such condition by the said 
 officer or inspector, be destroyed by or according to the 
 direction of the said officer or inspector. (S. C. Sec. 129.) 
 
 Sec. 6. Animals injured or diseased past recovery, 
 dead, or affected with an infectious or contagious disease 
 to be reported and removed. — Any person owning or 
 having in his charge or under his control an animal 
 injured or diseased past recovery, or dead, and not killed 
 for or proper for use as food, or affected with an infectious 
 or contagious disease, in the City of New York, shall, 
 immediately upon discovering or learning such fact, 
 notify the Department of Health thereof, and shall, 
 under the direction of the Sanitary Superintendent, an 
 xA.ssistant Sanitary Superintendent, or the Director of 
 the Bureau of Infectious Diseases, of the Department 
 of Health, or an officer of the Police Department, remove 
 or cause the removal of such animal to such place as such 
 official shall designate. (S. C. Sec. 130.) 
 
14 Sections 7, 8, 9 and 10 
 
 Sec. 7. Dead, sick, or injured animals; interference 
 by unauthorized persons prohibited. — No person other 
 than a police officer or an inspector or officer of the 
 Department of Health, or other person authorized by 
 law so to do, shall, in any way interfere with any dead, 
 sick, or injured animal in any street or public place in 
 the City of New York, except that the owner or person 
 having control of such animal may terminate its life in 
 the presence and by the consent of any such officer, 
 inspector, or person. (S. C. Sec. 131.) 
 
 Sec. 8. Dead, sick, or injured animals; conditions 
 dangerous to life or detrimental to health prohibited. — 
 No person shall leave in or throw into any street or 
 public place, or public water, in the City of New York, 
 or offensively expose or bury, anywhere in the said City, 
 the body (or any part thereof) of any dead, sick, or in- 
 jured animal; nor shall any person keep any dead animal 
 or any offensive meat, bird, fowl, or fish, in a place where 
 the same may be dangerous to the life or detrimental to 
 the health of any person. (S. C. Sec. 128.) 
 
 Sec. 9. Dead horses; to be tagged before placing 
 in street. — All dead horses, before being placed in the 
 street, must bear a tag giving the name and address of 
 the owner thereof and the stable from which the • horse 
 is removed. (S. C. Sec. 126.) 
 
 Sec. 10. Rabid and vicious animals; Department 
 of Health to be notified; destruction authorized; re- 
 moval regulated. — Every animal that has rabies or that 
 shows symptoms of rabies, and every animal that has been 
 bitten by another animal affected with rabies, or has been 
 otherwise exposed to such disease shall, by the person 
 owning the same or having possession thereof, be at once 
 confined in some secure place for such length of time as 
 may be necessary for the purpose of determining whether 
 
Section 11 15 
 
 such disease exists or showing that such exposure has not 
 given such animal said disease, and of avoiding all danger 
 to life or health, and such person shall also, immediately 
 upon discovering or learning any of the aforesaid facts, 
 notify the Department of Health thereof and of the place 
 where such animal is confined. Every animal which is 
 mad or has rabies shall at once be killed by the owner 
 or person having possession thereof, or by the Depart- 
 ment of Health, and the body of any animal that has died 
 of such disease, or being suspected of such disease has been 
 killed, shall be at once surrendered to the Department 
 of Health for disposition. 
 
 Should a dog bite any person, it shall be the duty of 
 the owner, or person having the same in his possession 
 or under his control, to immediately notify said Depart- 
 ment thereof, and surrender said dog to said Department 
 for inspection and observation; and such dog shall be 
 returned to the person from whom the same shall have 
 been received if found not rabid or vicious, and, if found 
 to be rabid or vicious to such an extent as to be unsafe 
 to be at large, it shall be destroyed by said Department. 
 
 When the police or other person or authorities destroy 
 a dog for any of the cuases herein mentioned, it shall be 
 his or their duty to immediately notify the Department 
 of Health thereof and of the location of its body, so that 
 the said body may be obtained by the said Department; 
 and it shall be unlawful to remove any dog or animal to 
 which the provisions of this section apply, or the body 
 of any such dog or animal, except as herein provided. 
 (S. C. Sec. 132.) 
 
 Sec. 11. Horses, cattle, swine, sheep, geese, and 
 goats; not to be kept or yarded without a permit. — No 
 horses shall be yarded and no cattle, swine, sheep, geese, 
 or goats, shall be kept or yarded within or adjacent to 
 
16 Sections 12 and 13 
 
 the built-up portions of the City of New York, without 
 a permit issued therefor by the Board of Health. (S. C. 
 Sec. 73.) 
 
 Sec. 12. Keeping of cows regulated. — Xo cows shall 
 be kept in the City of New York without a permit issued 
 therefor by the Board of Health or otherwise than in 
 accordance with the terms of the said permit and with 
 the Regulations of said Board. (S. C. Sec. 72.) 
 
 Sec. 13. Tuberculin test of cows; certificate. — No 
 milch cow or cow intended for any purpose other than 
 slaughter, shall be admitted to the City of New York 
 unless accompanied by a certificate stating that the 
 said cow is fiee from tuberculosis so far as may be ascer- 
 tained by physical examination and the application of 
 the tuberculin test. Said certificate shall contain a 
 physical description of the cow sufficiently accurate for 
 the purpose of identification, and must be signed by a 
 legally licensed veterinarian, who shall state the date 
 and place of his registration. The certificate shall also 
 bear a number which must correspond witn a tag that 
 shall have been securely attached to and be on the ear of 
 the cow. The certificate shall also contain the date of 
 the examination, which examination shall have been made 
 not more than sixty days prior to the time the cow indi- 
 cated therein is brought into the city; it must also con- 
 tain the place of examination, the temperature of the 
 cow for 6 hours prior to the injection of tuberculin, the 
 name, quality, and character of the preparation of tuber- 
 culin used, the location of the injection, the quantity 
 injected, and the temperatures from the 8th to the 20th 
 hour after the injection, or until the reaction is completed. 
 (S. C. Sec. 124.) (As amended by the Board of Health, 
 May 6, 1915, and as amended May 25, 1915, and as 
 further amended July 28, 1916.) 
 
Sections 14, 15, 16, 17, 18 AND 19 17 
 
 Sec. 14. Cattle; adequate ventilation, proper food 
 and water to be provided. — Xo cattle shall be kept in 
 any place, in the City of New York, where the ventilation 
 is not adequate, and the water and food are not of such 
 quality and in such condition as to properly preserve 
 their health, condition, and wholesomeness for food. 
 (S. C. Sec. 71.) 
 
 Sec. 15. Cattle; method of transporting in vehicles 
 restricted. — Xo cattle shall be placed or carried while 
 bound or tied by the legs, or bound down by the neck, 
 in any vehicle in the City of New York, but shall be 
 allowed to freely stand in such vehicle when transported 
 and while being therein. (S. C. Sec. 77.) 
 
 Sec. 16. Shelter for homeless animals; site to be 
 approved; conduct thereof regulated. — Xo shelter for 
 homeless animals shall hereafter be opened or established 
 in the City of New York unless the site therefor be first 
 approved by the Board of Health; and no such shelter 
 shall be conducted in said City without a permit tnerefor 
 issued by the said Board or otherwise than in accordance 
 with the terms of said permit and with the Regulations 
 of said Board. (S. C. Sec. 81a.) 
 
 Sec. 17. Unmuzzled dogs; not permitted in any 
 public place. — No unmuzzled dog snail be permitted, 
 at any time, to be on any public highway or in any public 
 park or place in the City of New York. (S. C. Sec. 80a.) 
 
 Sec. IS. Sale of small animals regulated. — No person 
 shall sell or keep for sale at any place in the City of New 
 York any dogs, cats, birds, or other small animals, without 
 a permit therefor issued by the Board of Health or other- 
 wise than in accordance with the terms of said permit 
 and with the Regulations of said Board. (S. C. Sec. 80.) 
 
 Sec. 19. Live chickens, geese, ducks, and other 
 fowls; the keeping, killing, and sale regulated. — No 
 
IS Sections 20 and 21 
 
 live chickens, geese, ducks, or other fowls, shall be 
 brought into, or kept, held, offered for sale, sold, or 
 killed in, any yard, area, cellar, coop, building, premises, 
 public market, or other public place, except premises 
 used for farming in unimproved sections of the City, 
 without a permit therefor issued by the Board of Health 
 or otherwise than in accordance with the terms of said 
 permit and with the Regulations of said Board. (S. C. 
 Sec. 79.) 
 
 Sec. 20. Keeping of live pigeons regulated. — No 
 live pigeons shall be kept within the built-up portion 
 of the City of New York without a permit therefor 
 issued by the Board of Health or otherwise than in 
 accordance with the terms of said permit and w r ith the 
 Regulations of said Board. (S. C. Sec. 81.) 
 
 Sec. 21. Horses to be tested for glanders.— No horse 
 shall be brougnt into or kept in the City of New York 
 unless it shall be tested and foun i to be free from gland- 
 ers by a duly licensed veterinarian, in accordance with the 
 Regulations of the Board of Health. (As adopted by 
 the Board of Health, December 28, 1917.) 
 
 ARTICLE 3. 
 Births, Marriages, and Deaths. 
 
 Sec. 31. Births and still births; parents and every per- 
 son to report; physicians and professional 
 midwuves to keep registry and file written 
 copy. 
 
 Sec. 32. Deaths; duty of physicians and other persons 
 to report; centents of death certificate. 
 
 Sec. 33. Births, still births, marriages, and deaths; copy 
 of registry to be filed. 
 
Section 31 19 
 
 34. Marriages; duty of clergymen, magistrates, 
 
 and other persons performing ceremony. 
 
 35. Persons who perform the marriage ceremony 
 
 must register. 
 
 36. False certificates, statements, and reports. 
 
 37. Dead bodies of human beings; permit to carry 
 
 or convey required; exception. 
 3S. Dead bodies of human beings; transit permit 
 required; conditions under which said per- 
 mit will be granted. 
 
 39. Dead bodies of human beings not to be retained 
 
 or exposed. 
 
 40. Dead bodies of human beings not to be retained 
 
 unburied. 
 
 41. Dead bodies of human beings; duty of persons 
 
 discovering such bodies to communicate 
 with Department of Health. 
 
 42. Dead bodies of human beings; interment, 
 
 cremation, or other disposition; permit 
 
 required. 
 Sextons; to register with Department of Health. 
 Duties of sextons and other persons. 
 Crematories, burying-grounds, cemeteries, 
 
 tombs, and vaults; permit required to 
 
 establish, to bury, and to open receptacle; 
 
 burial of dead body restricted. 
 Business of undertaking regulated. 
 
 Sec. 31. Births and still births; parents, and every 
 person to report; physicians and professional mid wives 
 to keep registry and fjle written copy. — It shall be the 
 duty of the parents of any child born alive or dead in the 
 City of New York (and if there be no parent alive that 
 has made such report, then of the next of kin of said 
 
20 Section 31 
 
 child born), and of every person present at such birth or 
 still birth, to file with the Department of Health, within 
 ten days after such birth and within thirty-six hours 
 after such still birth, a report, in writing, stating, as far 
 as known, the date, borough, street, and street number 
 of said place of birth or still birth, the name, sex, and 
 color of such child born, the name, residence, birthplace, 
 and age of the parents, respectively, the occupation of 
 the father and mother, and the maiden name of the mother. 
 It shall also be the duty of physicians and professional 
 midwives to keep a registry of the several births or still 
 births in which the}*- have assisted professionally, which 
 shall contain the date of birth or still birth, the borough, 
 street, and street number of premises wherein such birth 
 or still birth took place, the sex and color of the child, 
 and also, as Dearly as can be ascertained, the name of the 
 said child, the number of previous children born of the 
 mother, the number now living, the name, residence, 
 birthplace and age of the parents, respectively, the occu- 
 pation of the father and mother, and the maiden name 
 of the mother; and it shall be the duty of such physicians 
 and professional midwives, also, to file a written copy 
 of the said registry of birth or still birtn with the Depart- 
 ment of Health in the borough office of the borough 
 wherein the birth or still birth occurred, within ten days 
 after such birth and within thirty-six hours after such 
 still birth, upon blank forms furnished by the said Depart- 
 ment. Such physicians and professional midwives shall 
 also certify that they assisted professionally at the birth 
 or still birth so reported, and that all the other facts 
 stated in the copy of the said registry are true to the best 
 of their knowledge, information, and belief. (S. C. Sec. 
 159.) (As amended by the Board of Health, December 
 28, 1917.) 
 
Sections 32 and 33 21 
 
 Sec. 32. Deaths; duty of physicians and other per- 
 sons to report; contents of death certificate. — Physicians 
 who shall have attended deceased persons in their last 
 illness shall make and preserve a registry of the death of 
 every such person, stating the cause thereof and speci- 
 fying the date, hour, street, and street number of the 
 premises, of such death, and shall file with the Depart- 
 ment of Health a report, in writing, of the death of every 
 such person, stating, as nearly as can be ascertained, the 
 date of death, the sex, name and surname, age, occupation, 
 term of residence in the City of New York, place of 
 nativity, condition of life, namely, whether single or mar- 
 ried, a widow or widower, or divorced, the color, last place 
 of residence, the name and birthplace of the parents, 
 respectively, the maiden name of the mother, and the 
 chief and determining, and the contributory, cause or 
 causes of death, of such person; stating also whether an 
 autopsy has been performed, and, if so, the findings of 
 such autopsy; and the chief medical examiner, the deputy 
 medical examiners, and the assistant medical examiners 
 of the City, shall, in their certificates, conform to the 
 requirements of this section, and, where death shall have 
 resulted from accident, homicide, or suicide, shall specify 
 how, when, and where the injuries causing such death 
 were received. (S. C. Sec. 160.) (As amended by the 
 Board of Health, December 28, 1917.) 
 
 Sec. 33. Births, still births, marriages, and deaths; 
 copy of registry to be filed. — It shall be the duty of every 
 person required to make or keep a registry of births, 
 still births, marriages, or deaths, to present to the Bureau 
 of Records of the Department of Health a copy of such 
 registry signed by such person, within ten days after the 
 birth or marriage, and within thirty-six hours after the 
 death or still birth, of any person to whom such registry 
 
22 Sections 34, 35 and 36 
 
 relates, which copy of such registry shall thereupon be 
 placed on file in the said Bureau. (S.C. Sec. 161.) (As 
 amended by the Board of Health, December 28, 1917.) 
 
 Sec. 34. Marriages; duty of clergymen, magistrates, 
 and other persons performing ceremony. — Tt shall be the 
 duty of clergymen, magistrates, and other persons who 
 perform the marriage ceremony in the City of New York, 
 to keep a registry of the marriages performed by them, 
 respectively, which shall contain the place and date of 
 marriage, the age, color, name and surname, birthplace, 
 and residence, respectively, of the bride and groom, the 
 number of times each has been married, the condition of 
 each, namely, whether single, a widow or widower, or 
 divorced, the occupation of the groom, the maiden name 
 of the bride, if a widow, and the names of the parents 
 and the maiden name of the mother of each. (S. C. Sec. 
 158.) 
 
 Sec. 35. Persons who perform the marriage cere- 
 mony must register. — Every person authorized by law 
 to perform the marriage ceremony shall, before perform- 
 ing any such ceremony in the City of New York, register 
 his or her name and address, and every change of address, 
 in the office of the Bureau of Records of the Department 
 of Health. (S. C. Sec. 158.) 
 
 Sec. 36. False certificates, statements, and reports. — 
 No person shall make, prepare, deliver, or issue any false 
 certificate, statement, or report, of a birth, marriage, or 
 death, or am/ certificate, statement, or report, which is 
 not in accordance with the facts of the birth, marriage, 
 or death. All certificates, statements, and reports, of 
 births, marriages, or deaths, shall be signed by the person 
 purporting to make the same, and no person shall sign 
 or forge the name of another to any such certificate, state- 
 ment, or report. (S. C. Sec. 162.) 
 
Sections 37 and 38 23 
 
 Fee. ^7. Dead bodies of human beings; permit to 
 carry or convey required; exception. — No captain, agent, 
 or other person, having charge of or attached to any 
 ferry-boat or sailing or other vessel, or any person in 
 charge of any public or private vehicle or conveyance, 
 shall convey or allow to be conveyed, theieon or therein, 
 from, through, into, or within the City of New York, nor 
 shall any person carry or convey, or allow to be carried 
 or conveyed, in any manner, from, through, into, or 
 within the said City, the dead body of any human being, 
 or any part thereof, without a permit therefor issued by 
 the Board of Health or otherwise than in accordance with 
 the terms of such permit and the Regulations of said 
 Board; provided, however, that the same effect shall be 
 given, under this section, to a transit permit issued by 
 Boards of Health, Health Officers, Registrars, or other 
 duly authorized persons, in any State of the United States 
 whose rules and regulations for the transportation of the 
 dead shall, when such permit is issued, be in material 
 accord with those at the time in force in the City of Xew 
 York, as though such permit were issued by the Board of 
 Health of the City of New York. (S. C. Sec. 163.) 
 
 Sec. 38. Dead bodies of human beings; transit per- 
 mit required; conditions under which said permit will be 
 granted. — No transit permit shall be granted for the 
 removal, burial, or other disposition of the remains of 
 any person who shall have died in the City of New York 
 unless a certificate of death, prepared upon a form furn- 
 ished by the Department of Health and signed as herein- 
 after provided, shall have been filed in the said Depart- 
 ment. 
 
 Such certificate must be signed by a physician upon 
 whom has been conferred the degree of doctor of medi- 
 cine, or by a physician who has been granted a license 
 
24 Sections 39, 40, 41 and 42 
 
 after a medical examination conducted by the New York 
 State Board of Medical Examiners, the questions for which 
 have been prepared by the Board of Regents of said State. 
 (S. C. Sec. 163a.) 
 
 Sec. 39. Dead bodies of human beings not to be re- 
 tained or exposed. — Xo person shall retain, expose, or 
 allow to be retained or exposed, the dead body of any 
 human being to the peril or prejudice of the life or health 
 of any person. (S. C. Sec. 164.) 
 
 Sec. 40. Dead bodies of human beings not to be re- 
 tained unburied. — Xo person shall retain unburied the 
 dead body of any human being for a longer period than 
 four days after the death of such person, without a permit 
 from the Sanitary Superintendent, an Assistant Sanitary 
 Superintendent, or the Director of the Bureau of Infecti- 
 ous Diseases, which permit shall specify the length of 
 time during which such body may be so retained. (S. C. 
 Sec. 165.) 
 
 Sec. 41. Dead bodies of human beings; duty of per- 
 sons discovering such bodies to communicate with 
 Department of Health. — It shall be the duty of every 
 person who has discovered or seen the body of a dead 
 human being or any part thereof (if there is reason for 
 such person to think that the fact of the death, or the 
 place of such body, or part thereof, is not publicly known), 
 to immediately communicate to the Department of Health 
 the fact that such person has discovered or seen such body, 
 the place where, and time when, such body was discovered 
 or seen, and (if known) the place where such body is or 
 may be found, and any facts known by which such body 
 may be identified or the cause of death ascertained. 
 (S.C. Sec. 166.) 
 
 Sec. 42. Dead bodies of human beings; interment, 
 cremation, or other disposition; permit required. — Xo 
 
Sections 43 and 44 25 
 
 interment, cremation, or other disposition, of the dead 
 body of any human being, shall be made in the City of 
 New York without a permit therefor issued by the Board 
 of Health or otherwise than in accordance with the terms 
 of such permit and the Regulations of said Board, and 
 the said dead body shall be placed in a metallic or tin- 
 lined box, or a box so constructed as to prevent the issu- 
 ance of any liquids therefrom. No sexton or other per- 
 son shall assist in, assent to, or allow the interment, 
 cremation, or other disposition of any such body, or aid 
 the preparation of or assist in preparing any grave or 
 place or deposit for any such body, unless a permit shall 
 have been issued, as hereinbefore provided, authorizing 
 such interment, cremation, or other disposition of such 
 body; and it shall be the duty of every person who shall 
 receive any such permit to return such permit to the 
 Department of Health in accordance with the Regula- 
 tions of the Board of Health. (S. C. Sec. 167.) 
 
 Sec. 43. Sextons to register with Department of 
 Health. — Every person who acts as a sexton in the City 
 of New York, or has the charge or care of any crematory, 
 vault, tomb, burying-ground, or cemetery for the recep- 
 tion of the dead bodies of human beings, or any place 
 wherein the bodies of any human beings are deposited, 
 shall cause his or her name and address, and every change 
 of address, and the character of his or her duties, to be 
 registered with the Bureau of Records of the Department 
 of Health. (S. C. Sec. 169.) (As amended by the 
 Board of Health, December 31, 1919.) 
 
 Sec. 44. Duties of sextons and other persons. — 
 Every sexton and other person having charge of any 
 crematory, burying-ground, cemetery, tomb, or vault, 
 in the City of New York, shall, before twelve o'clock on 
 Monday of each week, make a return to the Department 
 
26 Sections 45 and 46 
 
 of Health, which return shall set forth a record of the 
 receipt and disposition of each body buried or cremated 
 since the last return, and which said return shall be in 
 such form, and shall specify such additional particulars, 
 as the Regulations of the Board of Health shall require. 
 (S. C. Sec. 170.) 
 
 Sec. 45. Crematories, burying-grounds, cemeteries, 
 tombs, and vaults; permit required to establish, to bury, 
 and to open receptacle; burial of dead body restricted. — 
 No new crematory, bury-ground, cemetery, tomb, or 
 vaalt to be used for the reception of dead human bodies 
 shall be established, nor shall any dead body, or the re- 
 mains thereof, be placed in any existing burying-ground, 
 vault, tomb, or cemetery, in the City of New York, nor 
 shall any grave, vault, tomb, or other receptacle in which 
 there is a human body or any part thereof, be opened, 
 exposed, or disturbed, without a permit therefor issued 
 by the Board of Health or otherwise than in accordance 
 with the terms of such permit and the Regulations of 
 said Board, and every body buried in any such place shall 
 be buried to the depth of six feet below the surface of the 
 ground, and four feet below any closely adjacent street, 
 except that, in the Borough of Queens, a body may be 
 buried to the depth of three feet below the surface of the 
 ground. (S. C. Sec. 168.) 
 
 Sec. 46. Business of undertaking regulated; permit 
 required. — No person, firm, or corporation shall carry 
 on or engage in the business or practice of undertaking 
 in the City of New York without a permit therefor issued 
 by the Board of Health or otherwise than in accordance 
 with the terms of said permit and the regulations of said 
 Board. (The provisions of this section shall take effect 
 February 1, 1920.) (As adopted by the Board of Health, 
 December 31, 1919.) 
 
Article 4 27 
 
 ARTICLE 4. 
 Buildings. 
 
 51. Toint and several responsibility of owner, 
 lessee, tenant, and occupant for existence of 
 nuisance or violation of Sanitary Code. 
 
 52. Inadequate strength, ventilation, light, and 
 sewerage, of buildings, and conditions 
 therein dangerous or prejudicial to life or 
 health, forbidden. 
 
 , 53. Nuisances, conditions dangerous and preju- 
 dicial to life or health; duties of owners, 
 tenants, lessees, occupants and persons in 
 charge of buildings and lots. 
 Dwellings; sanitary conditions; duties of 
 
 owner and lessee. 
 Theatres, manufactories, and workrooms; sani- 
 tary conditions, lighting, heating, and ven- 
 tilation. 
 Lodging-houses, boarding-houses, or manu- 
 factories not to be overcrowded. 
 Schools, gymnasiums, and places of public 
 worship"; duties and responsibilities of per- 
 sons in charge. 
 Sec. 58. Stables; to be maintained in accordance with 
 
 the Regulations of the Hoard of Health. 
 Sec. 59. Roofs and skylights to be kept in good repair. 
 Sec. 60. Walls and ceilings to be clean. 
 Sec. 61. Water tanks on roofs of buildings; their use 
 
 regulated. 
 Sec. 62. Sleeping in cellars or in any olace dangerous 
 or prejudicial to life or health prohibited. 
 
 o/. 
 
28 Sections 51, 52 and 53 
 
 Sec. 51. Joint and several responsibility of owner, 
 lessee, tenant, and occupant for existence of nuisance or 
 violation of Sanitary Code. — The owner, lessee, tenant, 
 and occupant of every building or premises, or of any part 
 thereof, where there shall be a nuisance, or a violation of 
 any section of the Sanitary Code, shall be jointly and 
 severally liable therefor, in so far as they, respectively, 
 have the power to prevent or abate such nuisance or pre- 
 vent such violation, and, to such extent, each of them 
 may be required to abate the nuisance, or comply with the 
 order of the Board of Health in respect to such building, 
 premises, or part thereof. (S. C. Sec. 13.) 
 
 Sec. 52. Inadequate strength, ventilation, light, and 
 sewerage, of buildings, and conditions therein dangerous 
 or prejudicial to life or health, forbidden. — No person, 
 persons, or corporation, shall hereafter, in the City of 
 New York, erect or cause to be erected, or convert or 
 cause to be converted to a new purpose by alteration, 
 any building or structure, or change or cause to be changed 
 the construction of any part of any building or structure 
 by addition or otherwise, so that it, or any part thereof, 
 shall be inadequate or defective in respect to strength, 
 ventilation, light, sewerage, or any other usual, proper, 
 or necessary provision or precaution for the security of 
 life and health; nor shall the builder, owner, lessee, 
 tenant, or occupant of any building or structure in the 
 said City cause or allow any matter or thing to be or to 
 be done in or about any such building or structure dan- 
 gerous or prejudicial to life or health. (S. C. Sec. 16.) 
 
 Sec. 53. Nuisances, conditions dangerous and pre- 
 judicial to life or health; duties of owners, tenants, 
 lessees, occupants, and persons in charge of buildings 
 and lots. — Every owner, lessee, tenant, occupant or per- 
 son in charge of any building or premises within or ad- 
 
Section 54 29 
 
 jacent to the built-up portions of the City of New York 
 shall keep and cause to be kept the sidewalk, flagging 
 and curbstone abutting on said building or premises free 
 from obstructions and nuisances of every kind, and shall 
 sweep and remove or cause to be swept and removed 
 therefrom all garbage, refuse, filth, dirt, and other offen- 
 sive material and shall keep such sidewalk, flagging, and 
 curbstone free from garbage, refuse, filth, dirt, and other 
 offensive material. Every such sidewalk, flagging, or 
 curbstone shall be spattered with wet sawdust, paper or 
 sand, sprinkled with water, or some other equally effec- 
 tive method or material used, to prevent and avoid the 
 raising of dust when such garbage, refuse, filth, dirt, or 
 other offensive material is swept or removed therefrom. 
 Such garbage, refuse, filth, dirt, and other offensive 
 material removed from the sidewalk, flagging or curb- 
 stone may be piled in the gutter or roadway between the 
 hours of six and eight o'clock in the morning, but shall 
 not be put or placed in, or swept, shovelled, thrown, 
 emptied, or deposited into, the gutter or roadway at any 
 other time. No such owner, tenant, lessee, occupant or 
 person in charge shall allow anything in, on, or about 
 such building or premises, or any condition arising or 
 existing therein or thereon, to become a nuisance, or dan- 
 gerous or prejudicial to life or health. (S. C. Sec. 41.) 
 (As amended by the Board of Health, December 28, 1916 
 and as further amended October 30, 1918.) 
 
 Sec. 54. Dwellings; sanitary conditions; duties of 
 owner and lessee. — No owner or lessee of any building, 
 or any part thereof, shall lease or let or hire out or allow 
 the same or any part thereof to be occupied by any per- 
 son, or allow any one to dwell or lodge therein, except 
 when said building or such parts thereof are sufficiently 
 lighted, ventilated, provided, and accommodated, and 
 
30 Sections 55 and 56 
 
 are in all respects in that condition of cleanliness and 
 wholesomeness for which this Code or any law of this 
 State provides, or in which the said Code or any such law 
 requires any such premises to be kept. Nor shall any 
 such person, having power to prevent the same, rent, 
 let, hire out, or allow, to be used as or for a place for 
 sleeping or residence, any cellar in any building, or any 
 room of which the floor is damp by reason of water from 
 the ground, or which is impregnated or penetrated by 
 any offensive gas, smell, or exhalation, prejudicial to 
 health. (S. C. Sec. 17.) 
 
 Sec. 55. Theatres, manufactories, and workrooms; 
 sanitary conditions, lighting, heating, and ventilation. — 
 The owner, agent, lessee, tenant, manager, and person 
 conducting every theatre, auditorium, assembly hall, 
 factory, workroom, store, or office, shall cause every part 
 thereof and its appurtenances to be put, and shall there- 
 after cause the same to be kept, in a cleanly and sanitary 
 condition, and shall cause every room thereof to be 
 adequately lighted; shall provide, in each room thereof, 
 proper and sufficient means of ventilation by natural or 
 mechanical means, or both, and maintain proper degrees 
 of temperature and humidity in every room thereof; and 
 shall cause every part of any such place to be provided 
 with such accommodations and safeguards, as not, by 
 reason of the want thereof, or by reason of anything about 
 the condition of such place or its appurtenances, to cause 
 any unnecessary danger or detriment to the life or health 
 of any person being properly therein or thereat. (S. C. 
 Sec. 22.) 
 
 Sec. 56. Lodging-houses, boarding-houses, or manu- 
 factories not to be overcrowded. — No owner, lessee, or 
 keeper of any lodging-house, boarding-house, factory, 
 workroom, store, office, or place of business, shall cause 
 
Sections 57, 58, 59 and 60 31 
 
 or allow the same to be overcrowded or cause or allow so 
 great a number of persons to dwell, be, or sleep in any 
 such house, or any portion thereof, as thereby to cause 
 any danger or detriment to life or health. (S. C. Sec. 19.) 
 
 Sec. 57. Schools, gymnasiums, and places of public 
 worship; duties and responsibilities of persons in charge. 
 — Xo master or teacher, or manager of, or in, any school, 
 public or private, or of or in any Sunday-school or gym- 
 nasium, or the officer thereof, or officer or manager or 
 person having charge of any place of public worship, 
 shall so far omit or neglect any duty or reasonable care 
 or precaution respecting the safety or health of any scholar, 
 pupil, or attendant, or respecting the temperature, ventila- 
 tion, cleanliness, or strength, of any church, hall of wor- 
 ship, school-house, school-room, or place of practice or 
 exercise connected therewith, or relative to anything 
 appurtenant thereto, so that by reason of such neglect 
 or omission, the life or health of any person shall suffer or 
 incur any avoidable peril or detriment. (S. C. Sec. 25.) 
 
 Sec. 58. Stables; to be maintained in accordance 
 with the Regulations of the Board of Health. — Xo stable 
 shall be maintained in the City of Xew York without 
 a permit therefor issued by the Board of Health or other- 
 wise than in accordance with the terms of said permit 
 and with the Regulations of said Board. The provisions 
 of this section shall apply to the owner, lessee, tenant, 
 occupant, or person in charge of such stable. 
 
 Sec. 59. Roofs and skylights to be kept in good 
 repair. — The roofs, skylights, walls, and windows of all 
 buildings shall be kept in a condition of good repair so 
 that rain water shall not enter the building. (S. C. Sec. 
 24.) 
 
 Sec. 60. Walls and ceilings to be clean. — All filthy 
 rand dirty walls and ceilings of any building, including 
 
32 Sections 61 and 62 
 
 the walls and ceilings of the cellars thereof, shall be 
 thoroughly cleaned and whitewashed whenever required 
 by the Department of Health. (S. C. Sec. 23.) 
 
 Sec. 61. Water tanks on roofs of buildings; their 
 use regulated. — Every tank for holding water located 
 on the roof or external part of a building shall be kept 
 completely covered with a tight-fitting cover. Every 
 tank from which water is furnished for drinking and 
 domestic purposes shall be emptied and the inside thor- 
 oughly cleaned at least once a year and at such other 
 times as may be directed by the Sanitary Superintendent 
 or an Assistant Sanitary Superintendent of the Depart- 
 ment of Health. (S. C. Sec. 62a.) 
 
 Sec. 62. Sleeping in cellars or in any place dangerous 
 or prejudicial to life or health prohibited. — No person 
 having the right and power to prevent the same shall 
 knowingly cause or permit any person to sleep or remain 
 in any cellar, in any bathroom, in any room where there 
 is a water-closet, or in any place dangerous or prejudicial 
 to life or health, by reason of the want of ventilation or 
 drainage, or by reason of the presence of any poisonous, 
 noxious, or offensive odor or substance, or otherwise. 
 (S. C. Sec. 18.) 
 
 ARTICLE 5. 
 
 Cold Storage. 
 
 Sec. 71. The term "food" denned. 
 
 Sec. 72. Cold storage food to be marked. 
 
 Sec. 73. Time that cold storage food may be kept. 
 
 Sec. 74. Food when once released for the purpose of 
 
 placing same on market for sale not to be 
 
 returned to cold storage. 
 
Sections 71 and 72 33 
 
 Sec. 75. Food kept in cold storage not to be sold with- 
 out representing the fact of such storage. 
 
 Sec. 71. The term "food" defined.— The term food 
 as used in this Article shall include any article, except 
 nuts, fruits, cheese and vegetables, used for food by man 
 or animal and every ingredient of such article. 
 
 Sec. 72. Cold storage food to be marked. — It shall 
 hereafter be unlawful for any person or persons, corpora- 
 tion or corporations, engaged in the business of cold 
 storage warehousemen or in the business of refrigerating, 
 to receive any kind of food unless the said food is in an 
 apparently pure and wholesome condition, and the food 
 or the package containing the same is branded, stamped 
 or marked, in some conspicuous place, with the day, 
 month and year when the same is received in storage or 
 refrigeration. 
 
 It shall be unlawful for any person or persons, corpora- 
 tion or corporations, engaged in the business of cold 
 storage warehousemen or in the business of refrigerating 
 to permit any article of any kind whatsoever used for 
 food in the possession of any person or persons, corpora- 
 tion or corporations, engaged in the business of cold 
 storage warehousemen or refrigerating, to be taken from 
 their possession without first having branded, stamped 
 or marked on said food stuffs or the package containing 
 same, in a conspicuous place, the day, month and year 
 when said food stuffs or package was removed from cold 
 storage or refrigeration. 
 
 It shall also be unlawful for any person cr persons, 
 
 corporation or corporations, to offer for storage in a cold 
 
 storage warehouse or to place in storage in a cold storage 
 
 .warehouse any article of food unless the same is in an 
 
 apparently pure and wholesome condition. 
 
34 Sections 73, 74, 75 and 80 
 
 Sec. 73. Time that cold storage food may be kept.- 
 
 It shall hereafter be unlawful for any person, corporation 
 or corporations, engaged in the business of cold storage 
 warehousemen or refrigerating, or for any person or cor- 
 poration placing food in a cold storage warehouse, to 
 keep in storage for preservation or otherwise any kind 
 of food or any article used for food a longer period than 
 twelve calendar months. (As amended by the Board of. 
 Health, December 31, 1918.) 
 
 Sec. 74. Food when once released for the purpose of 
 placing same on market for sale not to be returned to 
 cold storage. — When food has been in cold storage or 
 refrigeration and is released therefrom for the purpose 
 of placing the same on the market for sale it shall be a 
 violation of the provisions of this Article to again place 
 such food in cold storage or refrigertaion. 
 
 Sec. 75. Food kept in cold storage not to be sold 
 without representing the fact of such storage. — It shall 
 be a violation of the provisions of this Article to sell any 
 article or articles of food that have been kept in cold 
 storage or refrigeration, without representing the same 
 to have been so kept. 
 
 ARTICLE 6. 
 
 Medical Examiners. 
 
 Sec. 80. Duties of medical examiners. 
 
 Sec. 81. Coroners to report information relative to the 
 
 death of any person. (Annulled.) 
 Sec. 82. Inquests; return to be made by Coroners. 
 
 (Annulled.) 
 
 Sec. 80. Duties of Medical Examiners. — The Chief 
 Medical Examiner, the Deputy Medical Examiners and 
 
Sections 81 and 82 35 
 
 the Assistant Medical Examiners shall transmit and cause 
 to be delivered to the Department of Health within two 
 hours after viewing the dead body of any person who has 
 died from any infectious disease the following facts so far 
 as known or reported to such Chief Medical Examiner, 
 Deputy Medical Examiners, and Assistant Medical Ex- 
 aminers: the name of the deceased; the place of death, 
 giving the street and street number or such other particu- 
 lars as will identify said place of death; the location of 
 the body; the cause of death ; the date and time of death; 
 the name or names of physician or physicians, if any, 
 attending the deceased in his or her last illness; the occu- 
 pation of deceased; the place of employment; the place 
 to which body has been removed, if removal permit has 
 been issued ; and if autopsy was performed, the findings 
 thereof. (S. C. Sec. 171.) (As amended by the Board of 
 Health, December 31, 1917.) 
 
 Sec. 81. Coroners to report information relative to 
 the death of any person. — Every Coroner of the City of 
 New York shall, immediately after any information 
 relative to the death, in said City, of any person shall 
 have been received by such Coroner or at the office of 
 such Coroner, notify the Department of Health, or cause 
 the said Department to be notified, thereof, apprising the 
 said Department of the substance of such information. 
 (Annulled by the Board of Health, December 31, 1017.) 
 
 Sec. 82. Inquests; return to be made by Coroners. — 
 Every coroner in the City of New York shall make a 
 return to the Bureau of Records of the Department of 
 Health of every inquest held by such Coroner, except 
 when such return is required by law to be filed elsewhere, 
 and such return shall include the evidence taken at such 
 inquest, the verdict of the jury, and the full names and 
 residences of the several jurymen; and such return shall 
 
36 Article 7 
 
 be made within forty-eight hours after the holding of such 
 inquest. 
 
 And, in all cases where the return is required by law 
 to be filed elsewhere, such Coroner shall forward to the 
 said Bureaa a copy of such return or a full report of such 
 inquest, which copy or report shall include a copy of the 
 evidence taken at such inquest, the verdict of the jury, 
 and the full names and residences of the several jurymen; 
 and such copy or report shall be so forwarded within 
 forty-eight hours after the holding of such inquest. 
 (Annulled by the Board of Health, December 31, 1917.) 
 
 ARTICLE 7. 
 Diseases. 
 
 Sec. 86. Duty of persons in charge of hospitals, and of 
 physicians, to report infectious diseases. 
 
 Sec. 87. Duty of every person to report persons affected 
 with an infectious disease. 
 
 Sec. 88. Duty of superintendents of hospitals and dis- 
 pensaries, and of physicians, to report 
 cases of venereal disease. 
 
 Sec. 89. Isolation of persons affected with infectious 
 diseases. 
 
 Sec. 90. Duty of physicians to report deaths from 
 infectious diseases. 
 
 Sec. 91. Puerperal septicaemia and suppurative con- 
 junctivitis; duty of officers of schools, dis- 
 pensaries, and other institutions, and of 
 physicians, to report. 
 
 Sec. 92. Occupational diseases and injuries; duty of 
 officers of hospitals, public institutions, 
 and dispensaries, and of physicians, to 
 report. 
 
Section 86 37 
 
 93. Group of cases of food poisoning; duty of 
 
 officers of hospitals, and of physicians, to 
 report. 
 
 94. Exclusion of children from schools. 
 
 95. Exclusion of teachers and instructors affected 
 
 with certain diseases. 
 
 96. Isolation of persons affected with infectious 
 
 diseases in institutions. 
 
 97. Removal of persons affected with any infecti- 
 
 ous disease authorized. 
 
 98. Removal of persons affected with an infectious 
 
 disease regulated. 
 
 99. Persons having an infectious disease not to en- 
 
 gage in manufacturing in tenement houses. 
 
 LOO. Acts tending to promote spread of disease 
 prohibited. 
 
 101, Disinfection and renovation of premises, fur- 
 niture, and belongings. 
 
 .02. Duties of undertakers. 
 
 .03. Public or Church Funerals prohibited where 
 death has been caused by certain diseases. 
 
 .04. Cyanide used for fumigating purposes regu-. 
 lated. 
 
 .05. Diagnostic Laboratories regulated. 
 
 06. Wood Alcohol poisoning to be reported. 
 
 vSec. 86. Duty of persons in charge of hospitals, and 
 of physicians, to report infectious diseases. — It shall be 
 the duty of the manager or managers, superintendent, or 
 person in charge of every hospital, institution, or dispen- 
 sary, in the City of New York, to report to the Depart- 
 ment of Health in writing the full name, age, and address 
 of every occupant or inmate thereof or person treated 
 therein, affected with any one of the infectious diseases 
 
38 Section 87 
 
 included in the following list, with the name of the disease, 
 within twenty-four hours after the time when the case is 
 diagnosed, and it shall be the duty of every physician in 
 the said City to make a similar report to the said Depart- 
 ment within the same period relative to any person found 
 by such physician to be affected with any one of the said 
 infectious diseases, stating, in each instance, the name 
 of the disease: acute anterior poliomyelitis (infantile 
 paralysis), anthrax, Asiatic cholera, diphtheria (croup), 
 dysentery (epidemic), epidemic cerebro-spinal meningitis, 
 glanders, suppurative conjunctivitis, hook-worm disease, 
 leprosy, malarial fever, measles, mumps, paratyphoid 
 fever, plague, pulmonary tuberculosis, acute lobar pneu- 
 monia, bronchial or lobular pneumonia, influenza, rabies, 
 rubella (German measles, rotheln), scarlet fever, epidemic 
 septic sore throat, smallpox, tetanus, trachoma, trichinosis, 
 tuberculous meningitis, typhoid fever, typhus fever, 
 varicella (chicken-pox), whooping-cough, and yellow fever. 
 
 Provided, that if the disease is typhoid fever, scarlet 
 fever, diphtheria, epidemic dysentery, or epidemic septic 
 sore throat, every such report shall also show whether 
 the patient has been, or any member of the household in 
 which the patient resides is engaged or employed in the 
 handling of milk, cream, butter, or other dairy products 
 for sale or preliminary to sale. (S. C. Sec. 133.) (As 
 amended by the Board of Health, September 17, 1918.) 
 
 Sec. 87. Duty of every person to report persons 
 affected with an infectious disease. — When no physician 
 is in attendance, it shall be the duty of every person 
 having knowledge of any person affected with any disease 
 apparently or presumably infectious to at once report 
 to the Department of Health all facts in relation to the 
 illness and physical condition of any such person. (S. C. 
 Sec. 136a.) 
 
Skctions SS and S!) 39 
 
 Sec. SS. Duty of superintendents of hospitals and 
 dispensaries and of physicians to report cases of venereal 
 disease. It shall be the duty of the manager, superin- 
 tendent or person in charge of any correctional institu- 
 tion and of every public or private hospital, dispensary, 
 clinic, asylum or charitable institution in the City of 
 New York to report promptly to the Department of Health 
 the name or initials, together with the sex, age, marital 
 state and address, of every occupant or inmate thereof 
 or person treated therein affected with syphilis or 
 gonorrhoea; and it shall also be the duty of every physi- 
 cian in the said City to promptly make a similar report to 
 the Department of Health relative to any person found 
 by such physician to be affected with syphilis or gonor- 
 rhoea. All reports made in accordance with the pro- 
 visions of this section and all records of clinical or labora- 
 tory examinations indicating the presence of syphilis 
 or gonorrhoea shall be regarded as confidential and shall 
 not be open to inspection by the public or by any person 
 other than the official custodian of such reports or records 
 in the Department of Health, the Commissioner of Health 
 and such other persons as may be authorized by law to 
 inspect such reports or records, nor shall the custodian 
 of any such report or record, the said Commissioner of 
 Health, or any such other person divulge any part of any 
 such report or record so as to disclose the identity of the 
 person to whom it relates. (As amended by the Board of 
 Health, June 28, 1917.) 
 
 Sec. 89. Isolation and Quarantine of Persons affected 
 with Infectious Disease. — It shall be the duty of every 
 physician, immediately upon discovering a person 
 affected with an infectious disease, to secure such isola- 
 tion and quarantine of such person, or to take such 
 other action as is or may be required by the Regula- 
 
40 Sections 90 and 91 
 
 tions of the Department of Health. (S. C. Sec. 138 
 (As amended by the Board of Health, January 30, 1917, 
 
 Sec. 90. Duty of physicians to report deaths fron! 
 infectious diseases. — It shall be the duty of every phy- 
 sician to report forthwith, in writing, to the Department 
 of Health, the death of every person who dies from, or 
 while suffering with, any infectious disease, and to state 
 in such report the specific name and type of such disease. 
 (S. C. Sec. 135.) 
 
 Sec. 91. Puerperal Septicaemia and Suppurative Con- 
 junctivitis: Duty of Officers of Schools, Dispensaries, 
 and other Institutions, and of Physicians, to Report. — 
 It shall be the duty of the manager or managers, superin- 
 tendent, or person in charge of every sanitarium, day 
 nursery, convalescent home, home for children, reforma- 
 tory, training school, boarding school, hospital, dispen- 
 sary, or other institution for the care or treatment of 
 persons, in the City of New York, to immediately report, 
 or cause to be immediately reported, in writing, to the 
 Department of Health, the name, age (so far as can be 
 ascertained), and residence of every person received 
 therein or treated thereat who is affected with puerperal 
 septicaemia or suppurative conjunctivitis, with the name 
 of the disease with -which such person is affected, and 
 it shall be the duty of every physician in the said City 
 to immediately make, or cause to be immediately made, 
 a similar written report to the said Department relative 
 to any person found by such physician to be so affected, 
 stating, in each instance, the name of the disease with 
 which said person is affected. Every such manager, 
 physician, and officer shall also report, in writing, the 
 name and address of the physician or midwife in attendance 
 at the time of the onset of the disease, which information 
 it is hereby made the duty of every institution herein 
 
Sections 92 and 93 41 
 
 specified to obtain and record among its records. (S. C. 
 Sec. 144.) (As amended by the Board of Health, July 
 23, 1918.) 
 
 Sec. 92. Occupational diseases and injuries: duty 
 of officers of hospitals, public institutions, and dispen- 
 saries, and of physicians, to report. — It shall be the duty 
 of the manager or managers, superintendent, or person 
 in charge of every hospital, institution, or dispensary, 
 in the City of New York, to report to the Department of 
 Health, in writing, the full name, age, and address of 
 Every occupant or inmate thereof or person treated therein, 
 affected with any one of the occupational diseases included 
 in the list appended, with the name of the disease, within 
 twenty-four hours after the time when the case is diag- 
 nosed and it shall be the. duty of every physician to make a 
 similar report to the said Department within" the said 
 period relative to any person found by such physician 
 to be affected with any one of the said occupational 
 diseases, stating, in each instance, the name of the disease: 
 Arsenic poisoning, bisulphide of carbon poisoning, brass 
 poisoning, caisson disease (compressed-air illness), carbon 
 monoxide poisoning, dinitrobenzine poisoning, lead poison- 
 ing, mercury poisoning, methyl alcohol or wood naphtha 
 poisoning, natural gas poisoning, phosphorus poisoning. 
 (S. C. Sec. 134.) 
 
 Sec. 93. Group of cases of food poisoning; duty 
 of officers of hospitals, and of physicians, to report. — It 
 shall be the duty of every physician, and of the manager, 
 superintendent, or other person in charge of any hospital, 
 dispensary, or other institution, having knowledge of the 
 occurrence of a number or group of cases of severe or 
 fatal illness, which appear to be due to the consumption 
 of spoiled or poisonous articles of food to immediately 
 report the same to the Department of Health. 
 
42 Sections 94, 95 and 96 
 
 Sec. 94. Exclusion of children from schools. — No 
 
 principal or superintendent of any school, and no parent, 
 master, or custodian of any child or minor (having the 
 power and authority to prevent) shall permit any child 
 or minor having acute poliomyelitis (infantile paralysis), 
 chicken-pox, diphtheria (croup), epidemic cerebro-spinal 
 meningitis, measles, mumps, pulmonary tuberculosis 
 (if in a communicable form), rubella (German measles, 
 rotheln), scarlet fever, smallpox, or whooping cough, or 
 any child or minor in any family, or living with any 
 family, in which any such disease exists or has recently 
 existed, to attend any public, private, or parochial school 
 until the Department of Health shall have given its 
 permission therefor, nor shall any such principal, superin- 
 tendent, parent, master, or custodian permit any child 
 or minor to be unnecessarily exposed, or to needlessly 
 expose any other person, to any infectious disease or to 
 any infective person or agent. (S. C. Sec. 145.) 
 
 Sec. 95. Exclusion of teachers and instructors affected 
 with certain diseases. — Xo person affected with pul- 
 monary tuberculosis (if in a communicable form) or with 
 any other disease mentioned in Section 94 of the Sanitary 
 Code shall be employed as teacher or instructor in any 
 public, private, or parochial school, or permitted to teach 
 or instruct therein, unless the written permission therefor 
 shall have been obtained from the Department of Health. 
 
 Sec. 96. Isolation of persons affected with infectious 
 diseases in institutions. — It shall be the duty of the mana- 
 ger or managers, superintendent, or person in charge of 
 every sanatorium, sanitarium, day nursery, convalescent 
 home, home for children, reformatory, training school, 
 boarding school, hospital, dispenasry, or other institution 
 for the care or treatment of persons, in the City of Xew 
 York, to provide and maintain a suitable room or rooms 
 
Sections 97, 98 and 99 43 
 
 for the isolation of persons affected with such infectious 
 diseases as the Regulations of the Department of Health 
 may from time to time designate as being subject to the 
 provisions of this section, and such persons shall imme- 
 diately be isolated in such room or rooms. (S. C. Sec. 
 140.) ' 
 
 Sec. 97. Removal of persons affected with any in- 
 fectious disease authorized. — Whenever an inspector of 
 the Department of Health shall report in writing that any 
 person affected with any infectious disease, under such 
 circumstances that the continuance of such person in the 
 place where he or she may be is dangerous to the lives or 
 health of other persons residing in the neighborhood, the 
 Sanitary Superintendent, an Assistant Sanitary Superin- 
 tendent, or the Director of the Bureau of Infectious 
 Diseases, of the said Department, upon the report of a 
 Medical Inspector of the said Department may cause the 
 removal of such person to a hospital designated bv the 
 Board of Health. (S. C. Sec. 139.) 
 
 Sec. 98. Removal of persons affected with an in- 
 fectious disease regulated. — Xo person shall, in the City 
 of New York, without a permit therefor issued by the 
 Board of Health, carry, move, or cause to be carried or 
 moved, in any manner whatsoever, through any public 
 street or place any person affected with an infectious 
 disease, or any article which has been exposed to such 
 disease; nor shall any person remove or cause to be re- 
 moved, in the City of New York, any such person or article 
 from any building or vessel to any other building or 
 vessel, or to the shore, without a permit therefor issued 
 by the Board of Health. (S. C. Sec. 143.) 
 
 Sec. 99. Persons having an infectious disease not 
 to engage in manufacturing in tenement houses. — Unless 
 permission therefor shall have been obtained from the 
 
44 " Sections 100, 101 and 102 
 
 Department of Health, no person affected with any in- 
 fectious disease, or who is exposed to any infectious 
 disease, shall, in any tenement house or in any part thereof, 
 engage in the manufacture, altering, repairing, or finishing 
 of any article whatsoever, except for the sole and exclusive 
 use of the person so engaged. 
 
 Whenever required by the Sanitary Superintendent, 
 an Assistant. Sanitary Superintendent, or the Director 
 of the Bureau of Infectious Diseases, of the Department 
 of Health, any person engaged in the manufacture, 
 altering, repairing, or finishing of any article whatsoever, 
 except for the sole and exclusive use of the person so 
 engaged, shall submit to a physical examination by a 
 medical inspector of the said Department. 
 
 Sec. 100. Acts tending to promote spread of disease 
 prohibited. — Xo person shall by any exposure of any 
 individual sick of any infectious disease, or of the body 
 of such person, or by any negligent act connected there- 
 with, or in respect of the care or custody thereof, or by 
 a needless exposure of himself, cause, contribute to, or 
 promote, the spread of disease from any such person, 
 or from any dead body. (S. C. Sec. 143.) 
 
 Sec. 101. Disinfection and renovation of premises, 
 furniture, and belongings. — Adequate disinfection or 
 cleansing and renovation of premises, furniture, and 
 belongings, deemed by the Department of Health to be 
 infected by any contagious, infectious or communi- 
 cable disease, shall immediately follow the recovery, 
 death, or removal of the person suffering from such disease, 
 and such disinfection or cleansing and renovation shall be 
 performed by the owner of said premises. (S. C. Sec. 146.) 
 
 Sec. 102. Duties of undertakers. — It shall be the duty 
 of every undertaker having notice of the death of any 
 person within the City of Xew York of acute cerebro- 
 
news 103 and 104 15 
 
 Bpinal meningitis, acute poliomyelitis (infantile paralysis), 
 Asiatic cholera, diphtheria (croup), plague, scarlet fever, 
 smallpox, or typhus fever, or of the bringing of the dead 
 body of any person who has died of any such disease into 
 the said City, to give immediate notice thereof to the 
 Department of Healtu. Xo person shall retain or expose, 
 or assist in the retention or exposiire of, the dead body of 
 any such person except in a coffin or casket properly 
 sealed; nor shall any person allow any such body to be 
 placed in any coffin or casket unless the body shall have 
 been wrapped in a sheet saturated with a proper disinfect- 
 ing solution, and the coffin or casket shall then be imme- 
 diately and permanently sealed. Xo undertaker shall 
 assist in the public or church funeral of any such person. 
 Xo undertaker shall use, or cause or allow to be used, at 
 any funeral or in any room where the dead body of any 
 such person shall be, any draperies, decorations, rugs, or 
 carpets, belonging to or furnished by him or under his 
 direction. (S. C. Sec. 141.) 
 
 Sec. 103. Public or church funerals prohibited where 
 death has been caused by certain diseases. — A public or 
 church funeral shall not be held of any person who has 
 died of acute poliomyelitis (infantile paralysis), Asiatic 
 cholera, diphtheria (croup), epidemic cerebro-spinal 
 meningitis, measles, plague, scarlet fever, smallpox, typhus 
 fever, or yellow fever, but the funeral of such person shall 
 be private, and it shall not be lawful to invite to, or per- 
 mit at, the funeral of any person who has died of any one 
 of the above diseases, or invite to or permit at any services 
 connected therewith, any person whose attendance is 
 not necessary, or from or to whom there is danger of 
 contagion thereby. (S. C. Sec. 142.) 
 
 Sec. 104. Cyanide used for fumigating purposes regu- 
 lated. — Xo person shall use, or cause to be used, any 
 
46 Sections 105 and 106 
 
 hydrocyanic acid, cyanogen, or cyanide gas for the pur- 
 pose of fumigating any building, vessel, or other enclosed 
 space in the City of New York, without a permit issued 
 by the Board of Health, or otherwise than in accordance 
 with the terms of said permit, or the Regulations of said 
 Board. (As adopted by the Board of Health, April 25, 
 1916.) 
 
 vSec. 105. Diagnostic laboratories regulated. No 
 laboratory offering facilities for the diagnosis of com- 
 municable diseases shall be conducted or maintained in 
 the City of New York without a permit therefor issued 
 by the Board of Health or otherwise than in accordance 
 with the Regulations of the said Board. (As adopted by 
 the Board of Health, June 28, 1917.) 
 
 Sec. 106. Wood Alcohol Poisoning to be reported. 
 It shall be the duty of the manager cr managers, super- 
 intendent, or person in charge of every hospital, institu- 
 tion, or dispensary in the City of New York to report 
 immediately to the Department of Health the name, 
 age, and address of every occupant or inmate thereof, 
 or person treated therein, affected with wood alcohol or 
 wood naphtha poisoning; and it shall also be the duty 
 of every physician in said City to make immediately 
 a similar report to the Department of Health relative to 
 any person found by such physician to be affected with 
 wood alcoholor wood naphtha poisoning. (As adopted 
 by the Board of Health, December 31, 1919.) 
 
 ARTICLE 8. 
 
 Drugs and Medicines. 
 
 Sec. 116. Drugs; manufacture and sale regulated; the 
 terms '"drugs," "adulterated," and "mis- 
 branded" defined. 
 
Section 116 47 
 
 117. Regulating the sale of proprietary and patent 
 
 medicines. 
 
 118. Drugs, medicines, decoctions, and drinks; 
 
 fraudulent representation prohibited. 
 
 119. Proprietary medicines; distributions of sam- 
 
 ples regulated. 
 
 120. Living bacterial and other micro-organisms. 
 
 121. Free distribution of vaccine, antitoxin, serum 
 
 and cultures regulated. 
 
 Poison; sale and distribution regulated. 
 
 Carbolic acid; sale regulated. 
 
 Wood naphtha, otherwise known as wood 
 alcohol or methyl alcohol; sale and dis- 
 tribution regulated. 
 
 125. Bichloride of mercury; sale regulated. 
 
 126. Habit forming drugs; sale and distribution 
 
 regulated. 
 
 127. Habit forming drugs, disposing of confiscated. 
 
 128. Hair dyes and other toilet preparations; sale 
 
 and distribution regulated. 
 
 129. Condemnation and destruction of drugs author- 
 
 ized. 
 
 Sec. 116. Drugs; Manufacture and Sale Regulated; 
 the Terms "Drugs," "Adulterated," and "Misbranded" 
 Defined. — Xo person shall manufacture or produce, or 
 have, sell, or offer for sale, in the City of New York, any 
 drug which is adulterated or misbranded. The term 
 drug as herein used shall include all medicines for external 
 or internal use, or both. Drugs as herein denned shall be 
 deemed adulterated: 
 
 (1) If, when sold by or under a name recognized in the 
 United States Pharmacopoeia or National Formulary, 
 
48 Section 116 
 
 it differs from the standard of strength, quality, or purity, 
 as stated in the United States Pharmacopoeia or National 
 Formulary at the time of investigation. 
 
 (2) If its strength or purity falls below or its strength 
 is in excess of the professed standard under which it is sold. 
 
 A drug shall be deemed misbranded: 
 
 (a) If it is an imitation or offered for sale under the 
 distinctive name of another article. 
 
 (b) If the contents of the package as originally put 
 up shall have been removed, in whole or in part, and other 
 contents shall have been placed in such package, or if the 
 package fails to bear a statement, on the label thereof, 
 of the quantity or proportion of any alcohol, morphine, 
 opium, cocaine, heroin, alpha or beta eucaine chloroform, 
 cannabis, indica, chloral hydrate, or acetanilid, or any 
 derivative or preparation of any such substances, contained 
 therein. 
 
 (c) If the package or label bear or contain any state- 
 ment, design, or device, regarding the drugs or its in- 
 gredients, or regarding its or their action on diseased 
 conditions, which statement, design, or device shall be 
 false or misleading in any particular. 
 
 (d) If a box, bottle, or package, containing virus, 
 therapeutic serum, toxin, antitoxin, or analogous product, 
 fails to bear on the outside thereof, conspicuously, clearly, 
 and legibly set forth, in English, the proper name of the 
 substance therein contained, the name and address of the 
 person, persons, firm, or corporation by whom or by 
 which the said substance has been prepared, the date 
 beyond which the said substance cannot be reasonably 
 expected to produce the result or results for which it has 
 been prepared, and (if such license shall have been ob- 
 tained) the United States license number of the establish- 
 ment in which the said substance has been prepared; 
 
Section 117 49 
 
 and, in the case of diphtheria and tetanus antitoxin, if the 
 box, bottle, or package containing such antitoxin shall 
 fail to bear on the outside thereof conspicuously, clearly, 
 and legibly set forth, in English, the value of the contents 
 thereof as an antitoxin, which value shall be measured 
 according to and stated in the terms of some generally 
 recognized standard. 
 
 (e) If any proprietary or patent medicine to which 
 the provisions of Section 117 of this Code relate shall 
 fail to contain every ingredient, the name of which shall 
 have been filed in the Department of Health, pursuant 
 to said Section 117 of this Code, as a constituent part 
 of said medicine; or if such proprietary or patent medicine 
 shall contain any ingredient the name of which is required 
 by the provisions of Section 117 of this Code, to be filed 
 in the said Department, which name has not been so filed. 
 (S. C. Sec. 69.) (The provisions of subdivision (e) 
 shall take effect December 31, 1915.) 
 
 (As amended by the Board of Health, October 26, 
 1915, and as further amended February 25, 1920.) 
 
 Sec. 117. Regulating the sale of proprietary and pat- 
 ent medicines. — Xo proprietary or patent medicine 
 manufactured, prepared, or intended for internal human 
 use, shall be held, offered for sale, sold, or given away, 
 in the City of Xew York, until the following requirements 
 shall, in each instance, have been met: 
 
 The names of the ingredients of every such medicine 
 to which the therapeutic effects claimed are attributed 
 and the names of all other ingredients except such as are 
 physiologically inactive shall be registered in the Depart- 
 ment of Health in such manner as the Regulations of the 
 Board of Health may prescribe. 
 
 The expression "proprietary or patent medicine," 
 for the purposes of this section, shall be taken to mean 
 
50 Section 117 
 
 and include every medicine or medicinal compound, 
 manufactured, prepared, or intended, for internal human 
 use, the name, composition, or definition of which is not 
 to be found in the United States Pharmacopoeia or 
 National Formulary, or which does not bear the names 
 of all of the ingredients to which the therapeutic effects 
 claimed are attributed and the names of all other ingredi- 
 ents except such as are physiologically inactive, con- 
 spicuously, clearly, and legibly set forth, in English, on 
 the outside of each bottle, box, or package in which the 
 said medicine or medicinal compound is held, offered for 
 sale, sold, or given away. 
 
 The provisions of this section shall not, however, apply 
 to any medicine or medicinal compound, prepared or 
 compounded upon the written prescription of a duly 
 licensed physician, provided that such prescription be 
 written or issued for a specific person and not for general 
 use, and that such medicine or medicinal compound be 
 sold or given away to or for the use of the person for whom 
 it shall have been prescribed and prepared or compounded; 
 and provided, also, that the said prescription shall have 
 been filed at the establishment or place where such 
 medicine or medicinal compound is sold or given away, 
 in chronological order according to the date of the receipt 
 of such prescription at such establishment or place. 
 
 Every such prescription shall remain so filed for a period 
 of five years. 
 
 The names of the ingredients of proprietary and patent 
 medicines, registered in accordance with the terms of this 
 section, and all information relating thereto or connected 
 therewith, shall be regarded as confidential, and shall not 
 be open to inspection by the public or any person other 
 than the official custodian of such records in the Depart- 
 ment of Health, such persons as may be authorized by 
 
Sections 118 and 119 .51 
 
 law to inspect such records, and those duly authorized 
 to prosecute or enforce the Federal Statutes, the Laws 
 of the State of New York, both criminal and civil, and 
 the Ordinances of the City of New York, but only for 
 the prupose of such prosecution or enforcement. 
 
 Provided, however, the provisions of this Section shall 
 not apply to existing stores of merchandise in the hands 
 of druggists or other dealers who do not know the in- 
 gredients and cannot state them. (As amended by the 
 Board of Health, June 30, 1915, and as amended October 
 26, 1915, and as further amended February 25, 1919.) 
 
 Sec. 118. Drugs, medicines, decoctions, and drinks; 
 fraudulent representation prohibited. — No person shall 
 make, prepare, put up, administer, or dispense any pre- 
 scription, decoction, or medicine, under any false or mis- 
 leading name, direction, or pretense; nor shall any in- 
 gredient be substituted for another in any prescription, 
 nor shall any false or misleading representation be made 
 by any person to any other, as to the kind, quality, pur- 
 pose, or effect of any drug, medicine, decoction, drink, 
 or other substance, offered or intended to be taken as 
 food or medicine. (S. C. Sec. 65.) 
 
 Sec. 119. Proprietary medicines; distributions of 
 samples regulated. — No person shall, in the City of New 
 York, distribute, free of charge, or throw away any nos- 
 trum, proprietary medicine, or other substance of an 
 alleged medicinal or curative character, intended for 
 internal human use, in any street or public place, or from 
 door to door, or by depositing the same upon private 
 premises. 
 
 The provisions of this section shall not, however, apply 
 to the distribution by manufacturers or wholesale dealers 
 of samples of any such substance to physicians or to the 
 trade. 
 
52 Sections 120, 121 and 122 
 
 Sec. 120. Living bacterial and other microorganisms. — 
 
 The use of living bacterial organisms in the inoculation 
 of human beings for the prevention or treatment of 
 disease and the sale or distribution of any preparation 
 containing living microorganisms capable of causing in- 
 fection in man or animals are prohibited until full and 
 complete data regarding the method of use, including a 
 specimen of the culture and other agents employed there- 
 with, and a full account of the details of preparation, 
 dosage, and administration shall have been submitted 
 to the Board of Health of the City of New York, and per- 
 mission shall have been granted in writing by the said 
 Board for such use, sale, or distribution. (S. C. Sec. 148A.) 
 (As amended by the Board of Health, December 21, 1915.) 
 
 Sec. 121. Free distribution of vaccine, antitoxin, 
 serum and cultures regulated. — Any duly licensed physi- 
 cian who shall find it necessary to administer any vac- 
 cine, antitoxin, serum, or culture to a patient too poor, 
 or dependent upon another or others too poor to pay 
 for such vaccine, antitoxin, serum, or culture, may receive, 
 free of charge, the requisite quantity thereof upon appli- 
 cation to the Department of Health or any of its duly 
 authorized agents, provided that such physician shall 
 sign a stipulation to the effect that he or she, as the case 
 may be, will not exact or receive from such patient any 
 pay for such vaccine, antitoxin, serum, or culture. 
 
 Any such physician, however, who shall exact or receive 
 such pay after having signed such stipulation shall be 
 deemed to have violated the provisions of this section. 
 
 Every such stipulation shall be filed in the Department 
 of Health. 
 
 Sec. 122. Poison; sale and distribution regulated. — 
 No person shall sell at retail or give away any poison 
 without affixing or causing to be affixed to the bottle, 
 
Sections 123 and 124 53 
 
 box, package, parcel, or receptacle, containing such 
 poison, a label upon which shall be printed in red ink, in 
 plain legible characters, the name of the substance or 
 article, the word "POISON," the name and place of busi- 
 ness of the seller, or donor, if the poison be given away, 
 a skull and crossbones, the word "CAUTION," the maxi- 
 mum dose of the poison, and the antidote therefor. 
 
 The provisions of this section shall not apply to 
 medicinal compounds containing poisonous drugs in 
 therapeutic doses when the maximum dose of such prepa- 
 ration is marked upon the container. (S. C. Sec. 66.) 
 
 Sec. 123. Carbolic acid; sale regulated.— No phenol, 
 commonly known as carbolic acid, shall be sold at retail 
 by any person in the City of New York, except upon the 
 written prescription of a duly licensed physician, when 
 in a stronger solution than five per cent. (S. C. Sec. 67.) 
 
 Sec. 124. Wood naphtha, otherwise known as wood 
 alcohol or metlryl alcohol; sale and distribution regu- 
 lated. — No person shall sell, offer for sale, give away, 
 ; deal in, or supply, or have in his or her possession with 
 intent to sell, offer for sale, give away, deal in, or supply, 
 any article of food or drink or any medicinal or toilet 
 preparations, intended for human use internally or ex- 
 ternally, which contains any wood naphtha, otherwise 
 known as wood alcohol or methyl alcohol, either crude or 
 refined, whatever may be the name or trade mark under 
 or by which the said wood naphtha shall be called or 
 known. 
 
 No person shall sell, offer for sale, give away, deal in, 
 or supply, or have in his or her possession with intent to 
 sell, offer for sale, give away, deal in, or supply, any wood 
 naphtha, otherwise known as wood alcohol, or methyl 
 alcohol, either crude or refined, whatever may be the 
 name or trade mark under or by which the said wood 
 
54 Sections 125 and 126 
 
 naphtha shall be called or known, unless the container 
 in which the same is sold, offered for sale, given away, 
 dealt in, or supplied, shall bear a notice containing the 
 following device and words conspicuously printed or 
 stenciled thereon, viz.: 
 
 (Skull and crossbones represented.) 
 
 POISON. 
 WOOD NAPHTHA OR WOOD ALCOHOL. 
 
 WARNING. — It is unlawful to use this fluid in any 
 article of food, beverage, or medicinal or toilet prepara- 
 tion, ixitended for internal or external human use. (S. C. 
 Sec. 66a.) 
 
 Sec. 125. Bichloride of mercury; sale regulated. — 
 No person shall sell or offer for sale, at retail, bichloride 
 of mercury, otherwise known as corrosive sublimate, in 
 the dry form, except upon the written prescription of a 
 duly licensed physician or veterinary surgeon, and, then, 
 only in tablets of a particularly distinctive form and color, 
 labeled "POISON" upon each tablet, and dispensed in 
 sealed glass containers conspicuously labeled with the 
 word "POISON" in red letters. 
 
 This section shall not apply to any preparation con- 
 taining one-tenth of a grain or less of bichloride of mer- 
 cury. (S. C. Sec. 67a.) 
 
 Sec. 126. Habit forming drugs; sale and distribution 
 regulated. — No pharmacist, druggist or other person 
 shall sell, have or offer for sale or give away any chloral, 
 opium or an}* of its salts, alkaloids or derivatives or any 
 compound or preparation of any of them except upon the 
 written prescription of a duly licensed physician, veter- 
 inarian or dentist, 'provided that the provisions of this 
 article shall not apply to the sale of domestic and pro- 
 
Section 127 55 
 
 prietary remedies, nor to physicians' prescriptions, com- 
 pounded solely for the person named in the original pre- 
 scription, actually sold in good faith as medicines and 
 not for the purpose of evading the provisions of this article 
 and provided further that such remedies and prepara- 
 tions do not contain more than two grains of opium, or 
 one-fourth grain of morphine or one-eighth grain of 
 heroin, or one grain of codeine, or ten grains of chloral or 
 their salts in one fluid ounce, or if a solid preparation, 
 in one avoirdupois ounce, nor to plasters, liniments, and 
 ointments for external use only. 
 
 The provisions of this Section shall not, however, 
 apply to the sale, offering for sale, or the giving away or 
 dispensing of the drugs mentioned in this Section to any 
 child under the age of 16 years, inasmuch as such act is 
 made a felony by the provisions of Section 249-d of the 
 Public Health Law. (Chapter 45 of the Consolidated 
 Laws.) (S. C. Sec. 182.) (As amended by the Board of 
 Health, June 30. 1915.) 
 
 Sec. 127. Habit forming drugs; disposing of con- 
 fiscated. — All cocaine, eucain, and other drugs and sub- 
 stances embraced within the scope of Section 1746 of 
 the Penal Law and all chloral, opium, morphine, heroin, 
 codein, and other drugs and substances embraced within 
 the scope of Article 11-a of the Public Health Law, of 
 which the Police Department shall have taken possession 
 pursuant to the provisions of said Section 1746 of the 
 Penal Law or said Article 11-a of the Public Health Law 
 shall, when no longer required for the purposes of prose- 
 cution or held pursuant to an order of the Court, be 
 turned over to the Department of Health, and shall be 
 destroyed or otherwise disposed of by the said depart- 
 ment as the Board of Health shall direct. (As adopted by 
 the Board of Health, August 24, 1915.) 
 
56 Sections 128 and 129 
 
 Sec. 128. Hair dyes and other toilet preparations; 
 sale and distribution regulated. — No person shall sell, 
 offer for sale, give away, deal in, or supply or have in 
 his or her possession with intent to sell, offer for sale, 
 give away, deal in, or supply, any hair dye or other toilet 
 preparation, intended for human use, which, by reason 
 of the presence of any ingredient or ingredients therein 
 ■contained, shall be detrimental or injurious to health. 
 (As adopted by the Board of Health, December 21, 1915.) 
 
 Sec. 129. Condemnation and destruction of drugs 
 authorized. — Upon any drug or medicine being found 
 by an inspector or other duly authorized representative 
 of the Department of Health in a condition which renders 
 it, in his opinion, unfit for human use, externally or in- 
 ternally, or in a condition or of a weight, quality, or 
 strength, forbidden by the provisions of the Sanitary 
 Code, such inspector or duly authorized representative 
 of the said Department is hereby empowered and directed 
 to immediately seize the said drug or medicine and 
 affix thereto a label bearing the words "Seized by the 
 Board of Health." Such drug or medicine when so 
 labelled shall not be touched, disturbed, sold, offered, for 
 sale, or given away, but shall be released, destroyed, or 
 otherwise finally disposed of, as the Board of Health .shall 
 direct. (As adopted by the Board of Health, December 
 28, 1916.) 
 
 ARTICLE o. 
 Food and Drink. 
 
 Sec. 136. Inspection of food and other substances 
 
 authorized. 
 Sec. 137. Condemnation and destruction of animals 
 
 and foods authorized. 
 
Article 9 57 
 
 138. Possession of food, prima facie, deemed to be 
 
 held for sale. 
 
 139. Food; sale of adulterated or misbranded 
 
 prohibited; the terms "food," "adulter- 
 ated," and "misbranded" defined. 
 
 140. Food and drink; not to be sold under a false 
 
 name or quality. 
 
 141. Poisonous, deleterious, and unwholesome sub- 
 
 stances; use as food prohibited. 
 
 142. Food; to be protected from dust, dirt, flies, 
 
 or other contamination. 
 
 143. Eating and drinking utensils; use in com- 
 
 mon prohibited; the term "public place" 
 and "factory" defined. 
 
 144. Cooking, eating, and drinking utensils to 
 
 be properly cleansed after being used. 
 
 145. Beverages and drinks; the use of taps, faucets, 
 
 tanks, fountains, and vessels regulated. 
 140. Employment of persons affected with in- 
 fectious or venereal disease prohibited. 
 
 147. Room, factory, stall, place, and appurtenances 
 
 to be kept in a cleanly and wholesome con- 
 dition; food, drugs and drink to be clean 
 and wholesome, and not poisoned, infected, 
 or rendered unsafe; personal responsibility 
 of owner, lessee, occupant, or person in 
 charge. 
 
 148. Manufacture and storage of food and drink 
 
 regulated. 
 
 149. Conduct and maintenance of restaurants 
 
 regulated: Permit required. 
 
 150. The care and sale of food and drink in stores 
 
 regulated. 
 
58 Article 9 
 
 Sec. 151. Unwholesome, unclean, watered or adul- 
 terated milk, skimmed milk and cream, 
 and skimmed milk, cream, butter or 
 cheese made therefrom; possession and 
 sale prohibited . 
 
 Sec. 152. Adulterated milk and cream; distribution 
 prohibited; term "adulterated" denned. 
 
 Sec. 153. Adulterated milk, skimmed milk and cream, 
 seizure and destruction authorized. 
 
 Sec. 154. Condensed, and condensed skimmed milk; 
 possession and sale regulated; the term 
 "adulterated" denned. 
 
 Sec. 155. Milk, cream, condensed, or concentrated 
 milk, condensed skimmed milk, and modi- 
 fied milk; sale regulated; term "modified 
 milk" defined; exception. 
 
 Sec. 156. Milk, skimmed milk and cream, grades and 
 designations. 
 
 Sec. 157. Milk, skimmed milk and cream; must con- 
 form to grade standards. 
 
 Sec. 158. Buttermilk, sour milk, sour cream, and other 
 milk products; quality of product regulated. 
 
 Sec. 159. Bottles, cans, and other receptacles for holding 
 milk, skimmed milk and cream; use regu- 
 lated and restricted. 
 
 Sec. 160. Calves, pigs, lambs, fish, birds, and fowl; sale 
 regulated. 
 
 Sec. 161. Cattle; not to be killed while in an over- 
 heated, or feverish condition. 
 
 Sec. 162. Meat and dead animals; sale regulated. 
 
 Sec. 163. Unhealthy, unsound, unwholesome, and unsafe 
 meat, vegetables and milk; possession and 
 sale prohibited; terms "meat," "vege- 
 tables," and "not sound" denned. 
 
Section 136 59 
 
 Shell fish; sale regulated. 
 
 Artificial or natural mineral, spring, or other 
 
 water; manufacture regulated. 
 Public water supply; purity and wholesome- 
 
 ness protected. 
 Water; duties of persons in authority. 
 Water from wells; the use thereof regulated 
 
 and restricted. 
 Drinking hydrants; water therefrom not to 
 
 be rendered unwholesome. 
 Ice cream; manufacture in and bringing into 
 
 the City of Xew York regulated. 
 
 171. Shell fish; sale of adulterated or misbranded 
 
 prohibited. 
 
 172. Bringing into the City of Xew York of the 
 
 carcasses of certain animals restricted. 
 
 173. Adulterated skimmed milk; distribution pro- 
 
 hibited; term "adulterated defined." 
 
 174. Reconstituted -milk and reconstituted-cream ; 
 
 sale regulated. 
 
 175. Adulterated reconstituted-milk and recon- 
 
 stituted-cream. 
 
 176. Bottles, cans, and other receptacles for holding 
 
 reconstituted-milk aid reconstituted-cream 
 use regulated and restricted. 
 
 177. Ice cream; sale of adulterated or misbranded 
 
 prohibited; the terms "ice cream," "adul- 
 terated," and "misbranded" defined. 
 17S. Food Gelatine; sale of adulterated or misbranded 
 prohibited; the term "food gelatine," "adul- 
 terated," and "misbranded" defined. 
 
 Sec. 136. Inspection of food and other substances 
 authorized. — Dealers in food, drugs, and all other sub- 
 
60 Section 137 
 
 stances used or intended to be used for human consump- 
 tion, or for internal or external human use, and their 
 agents, and all persons engaged in the transportation 
 thereof, shall allow any duly authorized representative 
 of the Department of Health to freely and fully inspect 
 the cattle, meat, fish, vegetables, milk, and other food 
 or drugs, as well as all other substances used or intended 
 to be used for human consumption, or for internal or 
 external human use, held or kept by them, or intended 
 for sale. (S. C. Sec. 60.) (As amended by the Board 
 of Health, December 28, 1916.) 
 
 Sec. 137. Condemnation and destruction of animals 
 and foods authorized. — Upon any cattle, sheep, swine or 
 other animals, fowl or other birds, meat, fish, vegetables, 
 or milk, or other food or drink being found by any in- 
 spector or other duly authorized representative of the 
 Department of Health in a condition which renders it 
 or them, in his opinion, unfit for use as human food, or 
 in a condition or of a weight or quality forbidden by pro- 
 vision of the Sanitary Code, such inspector or other duly 
 authorized representative of the said Department is 
 hereby empowered, and directed to immediately condemn 
 and, when possible, denature the same and cause it or 
 them to be destroyed or removed to the offal or garbage 
 dock for destruction, and report his action to the said 
 Department without delay. 
 
 And the owner or person in charge thereof, when so 
 directed by an inspector or other duly authorized repre- 
 sentative of the said Department or by an order of the 
 Sanitary Superintendent, and Assistant Sanitary Super- 
 intendent, or the Director of the Bureau of Food and 
 Drugs of the said Department shall remove or cause 
 the same to be removed to the place designated by such 
 inspector or other duly authorized representative or by 
 
riONs 138 vnd 139 61 
 
 the order of said Sanitary Superintendent or such 
 Assistant Sanitary Superintendent or the Director of the 
 Bureau of Food and Drugs, and shall not sell, offer to 
 sell, or dispose of the same for human food. And when, 
 in the opinion of the Sanitary Superintendent or an 
 Assistant Sanitary Superintendent, or the Director of 
 the Bureau of Food and Drugs, any such meat, fish, 
 
 unilk, vegetables, or other food or drink shall be unfit 
 for human food, or any such cattle, sheep, swine, or other 
 animals, or fowls or other birds, by reason of disease, or 
 exposure to contagious disease, shall be unfit for human 
 
 [food, and in an unfit condition to remain near other 
 animals or to be kept alive, the Board of Health may 
 
 I direct the same to be destroyed in such manner as the 
 said Board shall designate. (S. C. Sec. 58.) (As amended 
 by the Board of Health, December 21, 1915.) 
 
 Sec. 13S. Possession of food or drugs, prima facie, 
 deemed to be held for sale. — Food in the possession of, 
 or held, kept, or offered for sale by, a dealer in food shall, 
 prima facie, be deemed to be held, kept, or offered for 
 sale as human food; and drugs in the possession of, or 
 held, kept, or offered for sale by, a dealer in drugs shall, 
 prima facie, be deemed to be held, kept, or offered for 
 sale for internal or external human use. (As amended 
 by the Board of Health, December 28, 1916.) 
 
 Sec. 139. Food; sale of adulterated or misbranded 
 prohibited; the terms "food," "adulterated," and 
 "misbranded" defined. — Xo person shall have, sell, or 
 offer for sale in the City of New York any food which 
 is adulterated or misbranded. The term food as herein 
 used shall include every article of food and every bever- 
 age used by man and all confectionery. 
 
 Food as herein denned shall be deemed adulterated: 
 (1) If any substance or substances has or have been 
 
62 Section 139 
 
 mixed and packed with it so as to reduce or lower or 
 injuriously affect its quality or strength. 
 
 (2) If any inferior or cheaper substance has been 
 substituted wholly or in part for the article. 
 
 (3) If any valuable constituent of the article has been 
 wholly or in part abstracted. 
 
 (4) If it consists wholly or in part of diseased or 
 decomposed or putrid or rotten animal or vegetable 
 substance, or any portion of any animal unfit for food, 
 or if it is a product of a diseased animal, or one that has 
 died otherwise than by slaughter. 
 
 (5) If it is colored or coated or polished or powdered, 
 whereby damage is concealed or it is made to appear 
 better than it really is. 
 
 (6) It if contains any added poisonous ingredient, 
 or any ingredient which may render it injurious to health; 
 or if it contains any antiseptic or preservative not evident 
 and not known to the purchaser or consumer. 
 
 (7) If, in the case of confectionery, it contains terra 
 alba, barytes, talc, chrome yellow, or other mineral sub- 
 stance or poisonous color or flavor, or other ingredient 
 deleterious or detrimental to health; or any vinous, 
 malt, or spirituous liquor or compound, or narcotic drug. 
 
 (8) If, in the case of spirituous, fermented, and malt 
 liquors, it contains any substance or ingredient which 
 is not normally present in such liquors, or which may be 
 deleterious or detrimental to health when such liquors 
 are used as beverages. 
 
 Food shall be deemed misbranded : 
 
 (a) If it is an imitation or offered for sale under the 
 distinctive name of another article. 
 
 (b) If it is labeled or branded so as to deceive or mis- 
 lead the purchaser, • or purport to be a foreign product 
 when not so ; or if the contents of the package as originally 
 
Section 139 63 
 
 put up shall have been removed in whole or in part and 
 other contents shall have been placed in such package; 
 or if it fails to bear a statement on the label of the quantity 
 or proportion of any morphine, opium, cocaine, heroin, 
 alpha or beta eucaine, chloroform, cannabis indica, 
 chloral hydrate, or acetanilid, or any derivative or prepa- 
 ration of any such substances, contained therein. 
 
 (c) If in package form and the contents are stated in 
 terms of weight or measure, such weight or measure is not 
 plainly and correctly stated on the outside of the package. 
 
 (d) If the package or its label shall bear any statement, 
 design, or device, regarding the ingredients or the sub- 
 stances contained therein, which statement, design, or 
 device shall be false or misleading in any particular. 
 
 Provided, that an article of food which does not con- 
 tain any added poisonous or deleterious ingredient shall 
 not be deemed to be adulterated or misbranded in the 
 following cases: 
 
 First. In the case of mixture or compounds which 
 may be now or from time to time hereafter known as 
 articles of food, under their own distintcive names, and 
 not an imitation of or offered for sale under the distinc- 
 tive name of another article, if the name be accompanied 
 on the same label or brand with a statement of the place 
 where said article has been manuafactured or produced. 
 
 Second. In the case of articles labeled, branded, or 
 tagged, so as to plainly indicate that they are compounds, 
 imitations, or blends, the word "compound," "imitation," 
 or "blend," as the case may be, being plainly stated on 
 the package in which it is offered for sale; provided, that 
 the term "blend," as herein used, shall be construed to 
 mean a mixture of like substances, not excluding harm- 
 less coloring or flavoring ingredients used for the purpose 
 of coloring and flavoring only. 
 
64 Sections 140, 141 and 142 
 
 And provided further, that nothing in this section 
 shall be construed as requiring or compelling proprietors 
 or manufacturers of proprietary foods which contain no 
 unwholesome added ingredient to disclose their trade 
 formulas, except in so far as the provisions of this section 
 may require to secure freedom from adulteration or mis- 
 branding. (S. C. Sec. 68.) 
 
 Sec. 140. Food and drink; not to be sold under a 
 false name or quality. — No meat, fish, fruit, vegetables, 
 eggs, milk, or other food or drink shall be sold, held, or 
 offered for sale, under a false name or quality, nor shall 
 any food or drink which is not wholesome, sound, and safe 
 for human consumption, be represented as being whole- 
 some, sound, or safe for human consumption. (S. C. 
 Sec. 48.) 
 
 Sec. 141. Poisonous, deleterious, and unwholesome 
 substances; use as food prohibited. — No person, being 
 the owner, lessee, manager, or in charge of any plaec in 
 which food or drink is produced, manufactured, prepared, 
 packed, stored, distributed, offered for sale, or sold shall 
 therein or thereat, offer or have, for food or drink, or 
 to be eaten or drunk, any poisonous, deleterious, or un- 
 wholesome substance, or allow anything to be done or to 
 occur, therein or thereat, dangerous to life or prejudicial 
 to health. (S. C. Sec. 47.) 
 
 Sec. 142. Food; to be protected from dust, dirt, 
 flies, or other contamination. — No food intended for 
 human consumption shall be kept, sold, offered for sale, 
 displayed, or transported, unless protected from dust, 
 dirt, flies, and other contamination; nor shall any food 
 intended for human consumption be deposited or allowed 
 to remain within a. distance 2 feet above the surface of 
 any sidewalk, street, alley, or other public place, or the | 
 floor of any building where exhibited, unless the same 
 
Section 143 65 
 
 shall be contained in boxes or other receptacles, so as to 
 be protected from dogs and other animals and their 
 excretions. 
 
 Xo candy, bread, pastry, or other bakery product 
 intended for human consumption, shall be kept, sold, 
 offered for sale, or displayed in any open window or 
 doorway of a building, or upon any stand, or pushcart, 
 wagon, or other vehicle in any street or other public place, 
 unless such candy or bread, pastry, or other bakery 
 product is separately wrapped in paper or contained in a 
 cardboard box or other dust and flyproof wrapper or con- 
 tainer. 
 
 The provisions of this section shall take effect August 
 16, 1919. (S. C. Sec. 46.) (As amended by the Board of 
 Health, July 24, 1919.) 
 
 Sec. 143. Eating and drinking utensils; use in com- 
 mon prohibited; the term "public place" and "factory" 
 defined. — The use of common eating or drinking uten- 
 sils in any public place, park, street or avenue, public 
 institution, lodging house, hotel, theatre, factory, school, 
 public hall, railroad car, ferry boat, railway station, or 
 ferry house, or the furnishing of any such common eating 
 or drinking utensils for use in any such place is hereby 
 prohibited. 
 
 The term "public place" as used herein shall be con- 
 strued to include: 
 
 (a) Any place where goods, wares, or merchandise 
 are sold or offered for sale. 
 
 (b) Any department, bureau, building, or office, of a 
 municipal corporation. 
 
 The term "factory" as used herein shall be construed 
 to include any workshop or manufacturing or business 
 establishment where persons are employed at labor. 
 (S. C. Sec. 189.) 
 
66 Sections 144, 145 and 146 
 
 Sec. 144. Cooking, eating, and drinking utensils to be 
 properly cleansed after being used. — All utensils used in 
 the preparation, service, and sale of any food or drink 
 intended for human consumption shall be properly cleansed 
 after being used, and no such utensil shall, under any 
 circumstances be used a second time unless it shall have 
 been, after the previous use thereof, so cleansed. In 
 such cleansing the use of water which has become insani- 
 tary by previous use is prohibited. 
 
 The term "properly cleansed" as herein used shall be 
 taken to mean cleansing after each use in a solution of 
 soap powder or soda in hot water and the employment 
 of friction supplied by means of a brush or other suitable 
 implement followed by rinsing in clean hot water; by 
 sterilization; or by some other equally effective method. 
 (S. C. Sec. 49 B.) (As amended by the Board of Health, 
 May 31, 1916.) 
 
 Sec. 145. Beverages and drinks; the use of taps, 
 faucets, tanks, fountains, and vessels regulated. — In 
 the manufacture, sale, or keeping for sale, of any beverage 
 or drink, no person shall keep or use an}^ tap, faucet, 
 tank, fountain, or vessel, or any pipe or conduit, in con- 
 nection therewith, which shall be composed or made, 
 either wholly or in part, of lead, or other metal or metallic 
 substances that are or will be affected by liquids so that 
 dangerous, unwholesome, or deleterious compounds are 
 formed therein or thereby, or such that beer, soda water, 
 syrups, or other liquids, or any beverage, drink, or flavor- 
 ing material drawn therefrom shall be unwholesome, 
 dangerous, or detrimental to health. (S. C. Sec. 51.) 
 
 Sec. 146. Employment of persons affected with in- 
 fectious or venereal disease prohibited. — No person who 
 is affected with any infectious disease, or with any venereal 
 disease in a communicable form, shall work or be per- : 
 
Section 147 67 
 
 mittcd to work in any place where food or drink is pre- 
 pared, cooked, mixed, baked, exposed, bottled, packed, 
 handled, stored, manufactured, offered for sale, or sold. 
 Whenever required by a Medical Inspector or other duly 
 authorized physician of the Department of Health, or 
 by an order of the Sanitary Superintendent, the Director 
 of the Bureau of Food and Drugs, or the Director of the 
 Bureau of Preventable Diseases of the said Department, 
 any person employed in any such place shall submit to a 
 physical examination by a physician in the employ of the 
 said Department. Such persons, however, may, in their 
 discretion, be examined by their own private physicians, 
 provided such examinations are performed in accordance 
 with the Regulations of the Board of Health. No per- 
 son who refuses to submit to such examination shall work 
 or be permitted to work in any such place. (As amended 
 by the Board of Health, December 21, 1915, and as 
 further amended April 25, 1916.) 
 
 Sec. 147. Room, factory, stall, place, and appurte- 
 nances to be kept in a cleanly and wholesome condition; 
 food, drugs and drink to be clean and wholesome, and 
 not poisoned, infected, or rendered unsafe; personal 
 responsibility of owner, lessee, occupant, or person in 
 charge. — Every person being the owner, lessee, occupant, 
 or in charge of any room, stall, factory, premises, or place 
 where any food or drink intended for human consumption, 
 or drugs intended for internal or external human use, shall 
 be manufactured, prepared, stored, kept, held, or offered 
 for sale, shall put and keep such room, stall, factory, 
 premises, or place, and its appurtenances, in a cleanly 
 and wholesome condition, and every person having charge, 
 or interested or engaged, whether as principal or agent, 
 in the care or in respect to the custody or sale, of any food 
 or drink intended for human consumption, or drugs in- 
 
68 Sections 148, 149 and 150 
 
 tended for internal or external human use, shall put and 
 preserve the same in a cleanly and wholesome condition, 
 and shall not allow the same, or any part thereof, to be- 
 come poisoned, infected, or rendered unsafe or .unwhole- 
 some for human food or drink or for internal or external 
 human use. (S". C. Sec. 49.) (As amended by the 
 Board of Health, December 28, 1916.) 
 
 Sec. 148. Manufacture and storage of food and 
 drink regulated. — Xo building, room, or place, where 
 food or drink is prepared, cooked, mixed, baked, exposed, 
 bottled, packed, handled, stored, or manufactured, shall be 
 conducted, operated, maintained, or used otherwise than in 
 accordance with the Regulations of the Board of Health. 
 
 Sec. 149. Conduct and maintenance of restaurants 
 regulated; permit required. — Xo person shall conduct, 
 operate, or maintain any restaurant in the City of New 
 York without a permit therefor issued by the Board of 
 Health or otherwise than in accordance with the terms 
 of said permit and the Regulations of said Board. The 
 term "restaurant," as herein used, shall be taken to mean 
 and include every buffet, lunch room, grill room, lunch 
 counter, dining-room of hotel, and every other public 
 place where food is served, sold and consumed on the 
 premises, every lunch counter in a saloon where food is 
 sold or given away, and all kitchens appurtenant thereto 
 or connected therewith. (As amended by the Board of 
 Health, January 30, 1917.) 
 
 Sec. 150. The care and sale of food and drink in stores 
 regulated. — No grocery store, butcher store, delicatessen 
 store, confectionery store, bakery store, milk store, butter 
 and egg store, fruit and vegetable store, fish store, or other 
 place where food or drink is handled, stored, offered for sale, 
 or sold, shall be conducted or maintained otherwise than 
 in accordance with the Regulations of the Board of Health. 
 
Sections 151 and L52 69 
 
 Sec. 151. Unwholesome, unclean, watered or adul- 
 terated milk, skimmed milk and cream and skimmed 
 milk, cream, butter or cheese made therefrom; possession 
 and sale prohibited. No person shall have at any place 
 where milk, skimmed milk, cream, butter or cheese is 
 kept for sale, or at any place sell, deliver, offer, or have 
 for sale or keep for use, nor shall any person bring or send 
 to the City of New York any milk, skimmed milk or 
 cream which is unwholesome, unclean, watered or adul- 
 terated or milk known as "swill milk" or milk from cows 
 or other animals that have been fed in whole or in part 
 on swill, distillery waste or any substance in a state of 
 putrefaction or in any way unwholesome, or milk from 
 sick or diseased cows or other animals, or any cream, 
 skimmed milk, butter or cheese made from any such milk 
 or any unwholesome butter or cheese. (S. C. Sec. 52). 
 (As amended by the Board of Health, June 28. 1917.) 
 
 Sec. 152. Adulterated milk and cream; distribution 
 prohibited; term "adulterated" defined. No milk 
 which is adulterated, reduced or changed in any respect 
 by the addition of water or other substance or by the 
 removal of cream shall be brought into the City of New 
 York or held, kept, sold or offered for sale at any place 
 in said city; nor shall any person or corporation keep, 
 have, sell or offer for sale in the said city any such milk. 
 
 No cream which is adulterated shall be brought into 
 the City of New York or held, kept, sold or offered for 
 sale in said city, nor shall any person or corporation keep, 
 have, sell or offer for sale in said city any such cream. 
 The term "cream" shall be taken to mean that portion of 
 milk represented in milk fat which rises to the surface of 
 milk on standing or is separated from it by centrifugal 
 force. 
 
 Milk or cream in the possession of or held, kept or 
 
70 Section 152 
 
 offered for sale by a dealer in food shall prima facie be 
 deemed to be held, kept and offered for sale as human food. 
 
 The term "adulterated" shall be taken to mean and 
 include: 
 
 First. Milk containing more than eighty-eight and 
 one-half per centum of water or fluids. 
 
 Second. Milk containing less than eleven and one-half 
 per centum of milk solids. 
 
 Third. Milk containing less than eight and one-half 
 per centum of solids not fat. 
 
 Fourth. Milk from which any part of the cream has 
 been removed. 
 
 Fifth. Milk containing less than three per centum 
 of fats. 
 
 Sixth. Cream which contains less than eighteen per 
 centum of butter fat. 
 
 Seventh. Milk or cream from milk which has been 
 drawn from animals within fifteen days before or five days 
 after parturition. 
 
 Eighth. Milk or cream from milk which has been 
 drawn from animals fed on distillery waste or any sub- 
 stance in a state of putrefaction or on any unwholesome 
 food. 
 
 Ninth. Milk or cream from milk which has been 
 drawn from cows kept in a crowded or unhealthy con- 
 dition. 
 
 Tenth. Milk or cream which has been diluted with 
 water or any other fluid or to which has been added or 
 into which has been introduced any foreign substance 
 whatever. 
 
 Eleventh. Milk or cream, the temperature of which 
 is higher than 50 degrees Fahrenheit or which contains an 
 excessive number of bacteria. This requirement includes 
 "Grade C Milk" that has been pasteurized. 
 
Sections 153 and 154 71 
 
 Twelfth. Milk or cream from milk which is pro- 
 duced in violation of the Regulations of the Board of 
 Health. 
 
 The provisions of this section shall not be applicable 
 however, to modified milk held or offered for sale under 
 permit therefor issued by the Board of Health or to 
 fcmmed milk. The provisions of this section shall, 
 however, apply to cream sold under any foreign name 
 meaning cream, such as smeteny, crema and rahm, and 
 to all cream products and preparations such as homo- 
 genized products and milk curds. The provisions con- 
 cerning temperature and bacterial content shall not 
 apply to sour cream. (S. C. Sec. 53.) (As amended 
 by the Board of Health, June 28, 1917.) 
 
 Sec. 153. Adulterated milk, skimmed milk and cream; 
 seizure and destruction authorized. — Any milk, skimmed 
 milk or cream found to be adulterated which has been 
 brought into the City of Xew York or is held or offered 
 for sale in said city may be seized and destroyed by any 
 inspector or other officer of the Department of Health 
 authorized to inspect the said milk or cream. (S. C. 
 Sec. 54.) (As amended by the Board of Health, June 
 28, 1917.) 
 
 Sec. 154. Condensed, and condensed skimmed milk; 
 possession and sale regulated; the term "adulterated" 
 defined. — Xo condensed milk made from milk produced 
 and handled under conditions not conforming at least 
 to the requirements of those designated for Grade C, or 
 which is adulterated, shall be brought into the City of 
 New York or held, kept, sold, or offered for sale, at any 
 place in said city, nor shall any person or corporation 
 have, keep, sell, or offer for sale in said city any such 
 condensed milk. The term "adulterated," when used 
 in this section, refers to condensed milk in which the 
 
72 Sections 155 and 156 
 
 amount of fat is less than twenty- five per centum of the 
 milk solids contained therein, or to which any foreign 
 substance whatever has been added, excepting sugars, 
 as in preserved milks. 
 
 The provisions of this section shall not be applicable," 
 as regards the amount of fat, to condensed skimmed milk 
 held or offered for sale under a permit therefor issued by 
 the Board of Health. (S. C. Sec. 55.) 
 
 Sec. 155. Milk, skimmed milk, cream, condensed 
 or concentrated milk, condensed skimmed milk and 
 modified milk; sale regulated; term "modified milk" 
 defined; exception. No milk, skimmed milk cr cream, 
 condensed or concentrated milk, condensed skimmed 
 milk or modified milk shall be held, kept, offered for sale, 
 sold or delivered in the City of New York without a per- 
 mit issued therefor by the Board of Health or otherwise 
 than in accordance with the terms of said permit and with 
 the Regulations of said Board. 
 
 By the term "modified milk" is meant milk of any 
 subdivision of the classification known as "Grade A: for 
 Infants and Children," which has been changed by the 
 addition of water, sugar of milk or other substance in- 
 tended to render the milk suitable for infant feeding. 
 
 The provisions of this section shall not apply to milk, 
 skimmed milk or cream sold in hotels and restaurants, 
 nor to condensed milk or condensed skimmed milk when 
 contained in hermetically sealed cans. (S. C. Sec. 56.) 
 (As amended by the Board of Health, December 21, 1915, 
 and as amended June 28, 1917, and as further amended 
 January 22, 1920.) 
 
 Sec. 156. Milk, skimmed milk and cream; grades 
 and designations. All milk, skimmed milk or cream 
 held, kept, offered for sale, sold or delivered in the City 
 of New York shall be so held, kept, offered for sale, sold 
 
 
 
Section 157 7Z 
 
 or delivered in accordance with the Regulations of the 
 Board of Health and under any of the following grades 
 or designations and not otherwise: 
 
 "Grade A: For Infants and Children": 
 
 1. Milk, skimmed milk, or cream (raw). 
 
 2. Milk, skimmed milk, or cream (pasteurized). 
 "Grade B: For Adults": 
 
 1. Milk, skimmed milk, or cream (pasteurized). 
 "Grade C: For Cooking and Manufacturing Pur- 
 poses only": 
 
 1. Milk, skimmed milk or cream not conforming 
 to the requirements of any of the subdivisions 
 of Grade A or Grade B and which has been 
 pasteurized according to the Regulations of 
 the Board of Health or boiled for at least 
 two (2) minutes. 
 "Condensed Skimmed Milk." 
 "Condensed or Concentrated Milk." 
 The provisions of this section shall apply to milk, 
 skimmed milk or cream used for the purpose of pro- 
 ducing or used in preparation of sour milk, buttermilk, 
 homogenized milk, milk curds, sour cream, Smeteny, 
 Kumyss, Matzoon, Zoolak and other similar products 
 or preparations, provided that any such product or prepa- 
 ration be held, kept, offered for sale, sold or delivered in 
 the City of New York. (S. C. Sec. 56a.) (As amended 
 by the Board of Health, June 28 1917.) 
 
 Sec. 157. Milk, skimmed milk and cream; must 
 conform to grade standards. All milk, skimmed milk 
 or cream held, kept, offered for sale, sold or delivered in 
 the City of New York shall conform in character to the 
 standards and requirements set forth in Section 156 of this 
 Code as applicable to the particular grade under which 
 such milk or cream shall be held, kept, offered for sale, 
 
74 Sections 158, 159 and 160 
 
 sold or delivered. (As amended by the Board of Health, 
 June 28, 1917.) 
 
 Sec. 158. Buttermilk, sour milk, sour cream, and 
 other milk products; quality of product regulated. — 
 
 Buttermilk, sour milk, sour cream, Kumyss, Matzoon, 
 Zoolak, and similar products shall not be made from any 
 milk or cream of a less grade than that designated for 
 grade B and shall be pasteurized before being put through 
 a process of souring or fermentation. Sour cream shall 
 not contain a less percentage of fat than that designated 
 for cream. (S. C. Sec. 57.) 
 
 Sec. 159. Bottles, cans and other receptacles for 
 holding milk, skimmed milk and cream; use regulated 
 and restricted. — It shall be the duty of all persons having 
 in their possession bottles, cans or other receptacles 
 containing milk, skimmed milk or cream which are used 
 in the transportation or delivery of milk, skimmed milk 
 or cream, to clean or cause them to be cleaned imme- 
 diately upon emptying. 
 
 Xo person shall use or cause or allow to be used any 
 receptacle which is used in the transportation and 
 delivery of milk, skimmed milk or cream for any purpose 
 whatsoever other than the holding of milk, skimmed milk 
 or cream; nor shall any person receive or have in his 
 possession any such receptacle which has not been washed 
 after holding milk, skimmed milk or cream or which is 
 unclean in any way. (S. C, Sec. 183.) (As amended 
 by the Board of Health, June 28, 1917.) 
 
 Sec. 160. Calves, pigs, lambs, fish, birds, and fowl; 
 sale regulated. — Xo calf, or the meat thereof, shall be 
 brought into the City of Xew York or held, sold, or offered 
 for sale for human food, which, when killed, was less than 
 four weeks old. Xo pig, or the meat thereof, .shall be 
 brought into the City of Xew York, or held, sold, or 
 
Sections 161, 162 and 163 75 
 
 offered for sale for human food, which, when killed, was 
 less than five weeks old. No lamb, or the meat thereof, 
 shall be brought into the City of New York, or held, sold, 
 or offered for sale for human food, which, when killed, 
 was less than eight weeks old. Nor shall any meagre, 
 sickly, or unwholesome fish, birds, or fowl be brought 
 into said City or held, sold, or offered for sale for human 
 food therein. (S. C. Sec. 43.) (As amended by the Board 
 of Health, December 21, 1915.) 
 
 Sec. 161. Cattle; not to be killed while in an over- 
 heated, or feverish condition. — No cattle shall be killed 
 for human food while in an overheated, or feverish con- 
 dition. (S. C. Sec. 44.) 
 
 Sec. 162. Meat and dead animals; sale regulated. — 
 No meat or dead animal above the size of a rabbit shall 
 be taken to any public or private market, nor shall any 
 such meat or dead animal be stored or held, kept, offered 
 for sale, or sold in any such place until the same shall 
 have been fully cooled after killing, nor until the entrails 
 and feet (except of poultry and game and except the feet 
 of swine) shall have been removed. (S. C. Sec. 45.) 
 
 Sec. 163. Unhealthy, unsound, unwholesome and un- 
 safe meat, vegetables and milk; possession and sale 
 prohibited; terms "meat," "vegetables," and "not sound" 
 denned. — No meat, vegetables, or milk, not being then 
 healthy, fresh, sound, wholesome, or safe for human food 
 or the meat of any animal that died by disease or accident, 
 shall be brought into the City of New York or held, kept, 
 offered for sale, or sold as such food, or kept or stored, 
 anywhere in said city. The term "meat," as herein used, 
 shall include fish, birds, eggs, and fowl; the term "vege- 
 tables" shall include any product, substance, or article 
 used as and for human food other than milk or meat; 
 the term "not sound" shall include any vegetable that is 
 
76 Sections 164 and 165 
 
 wormy. For the purpose of this section, any meat, 
 vegetables, or milk in possession of, or held, kept, or 
 offered for sale by, a dealer in food, shall, prima facie, be 
 deemed to be held, kept, and offered for sale as human 
 food. (S. C. Sec. 42.) 
 
 Sec. 164. Shellfish; sale regulated. No shellfish shall 
 be brought into, or held, kept, or offered for sale, any- 
 where in the City of New York, without a permit there- 
 for issued by the Board of Health or otherwise than in 
 accordance with the terms of said permit and with the 
 Regulations of said Board. The provisions of this section 
 shall not apply to the sale of shellfish in hotels or restau- 
 rants, where such shellfish are purchased from a dealer 
 holding a permit from the Board of Health. (S. C. Sec. 185.) 
 (As amended by the Board of Health, April 29, 1920.) 
 
 Sec. 165. Artificial or natural mineral, spring, or 
 other waters; manufacture regulated. — It shall oe the 
 duty of every wholesale dealer, manufacturer, importer, 
 or other person who manufactures or imports, or sells at 
 wholesale in the City of New York, any artificial or natural 
 mineral, spring, or other water, for drinking purposes, 
 to file, under oath, with the Department of Health, the 
 name of such water and the exact location from which it 
 is obtained, the chemical analysis and the bacteriological 
 examination thereof, and, when manufactured, the name 
 of every substance or element entering into its composition. 
 
 No person shall manufacture or bottle, any mineral, 
 carbonated, or table water, in the City of New York, 
 without a permit issued therefor by the Board of Health 
 or otherwise than in accordance with the terms of said 
 permit and with the Regulations of said Board. No 
 permit will be required, however, where the City Water 
 Supply is conducted through closed pipes and connected 
 with a carbonated apparatus, from which it is dispensed 
 
Sections 166, 167 and 168 77 
 
 direct to the consumer, without coming in contact with 
 the air, and not handled in any way. (S. C. Sec. 59.) 
 
 Sec. 166. Public water supply; purity and whole- 
 someness protected. — No person shall throw or allow 
 to run or pass into any public reservoir, waterpipe, or 
 aqueduct, or into or upon any border or margin thereof,, 
 any excavation or stream therewith connected, any 
 animal, vegetable, or mineral substance whatever; nor 
 shall any person (having the power or right to prevent 
 the same) do or permit any act or thing that will impair 
 or imperil the purity or wholesomeness of any water or 
 other fluid used or intended to be used as a drink, in any 
 part of said city; nor shall any person bathe or (except 
 in the discharge of a public duty) put any part of his 
 person into such water, nor shall any unauthorized per- 
 son open any erection or unscrew any hydrant holding 
 such water. (S. C. Sec. 61.) 
 
 Sec. 167. Water; duties of persons in authority. — 
 It shall be the duty of every person, official, department,, 
 and board, having any authority and control in regard 
 to any water intended for human consumption (and 
 within the proper sphere of the duty of each thereof), to 
 take all usual and also all reasonable measures and pre- 
 cautions to secure and preserve the purity and whole- 
 someness of such water. (S. C. Sec. 62.) 
 
 Sec. 168. Water from wells; the use thereof regu- 
 lated and restricted. — Water from wells in the Borough 
 of Mamhattan shall not be used, in the City of New York, 
 for drink; nor shall water from wells in the Borough of 
 Mannattan be used for any other purpose in any tene- 
 ment, lodging-house, hotel, manufactory, or building, 
 in which persons are living or employed, or in which 
 there are offices, or a restaurant or saloon, in the City of 
 New York, without a permit therefor issued by the 
 
78 Sectioxs 169, 170 and 171 
 
 Board of Health or otherwise than in accordance with 
 the terms of said permit and the Regulations of the said 
 Board. Water from wells in the other Boroughs of said 
 city, other than the public water supply, shall not be used 
 in any tenement or lodging-house, hotel, manufactory, 
 or building, in which persons are living or employed, or 
 in which there are offices, or a restaurant or saloon, 
 without a permit therefor issued by the Board of Health or 
 otherwise than in accordance with the terms of said permit 
 and the Regulations of the said Board. (S. C. Sec. 63.) 
 
 Sec. 169. Drinking hydrants; water therefrom not 
 to be rendered unwholesome. — No person shall destroy 
 or in anywise injure or impair any drinking hydrant, or 
 part thereof, in the City of New York; nor shall any 
 person interfere with the use or enjoyment of the water 
 therein or therefrom, or interrupt the flow thereof; nor 
 shall any person put any dirty, poisonous, medicinal, or 
 noxious substance into or near said water or hydrant, 
 whereby such water is made or may be regarded as, 
 dangerous, or unwholesome as a drink. (S. C. Sec. 64.) 
 
 Sec. 170. Ice cream; manufacture in and bringing 
 into the City of New York regulated. — No ice cream shall 
 be manufactured in or brought into the City of New York 
 for sale without a permit therefor issued by the Board of 
 Health or otherwise than in accordance with the terms 
 of said permit and with the Regulations of said Board. 
 
 Sec. 171. Shellfish; sale of adulterated or misbranded 
 prohibited. — No person shall bring into the City of New 
 York, or have, sell, or offer for sale shellfish which are 
 adulterated or misbranded. 
 
 Shellfish shall be deemed adulterated: 
 
 (1) If, after removal from the shell, they have been 
 subjected to a process whereby their solid content is 
 decreased or their volume increased. 
 
Se< riON 1 72 . '.> 
 
 (2) If grown, floated or cleansed in contaminated water 
 so as to render them unfit for food. 
 
 (3) If they consist, wholly or in part, of diseased, 
 decomposed, putrid, or rotten animal or vegetable sub- 
 stance. 
 
 (4) If they contain any antiseptic or preservative 
 injurious to health. 
 
 (5) If they are floated in water of a lower salinity than 
 the water in which they are grown. 
 
 (6) If any substance or substances has or have been 
 mixed and packed with them so as to reduce cr lower or 
 injuriously affect their quality or strength. 
 
 (7) If after removal from the shell they are cleansed 
 in fresh water or water of a lower salinity than the water 
 in which they are grown. 
 
 Shellfish shall be deemed misbranded: 
 
 (a) If they are labeled or branded so as to deceive or 
 mislead the purchaser. 
 
 (b) If the container or its label shall bear any state- 
 ment, design, or device, regarding the shellfish or the other 
 ingredients contained therein, which statement, design, 
 or device shall be false or misleading in any particular. 
 (As adopted by the Board of Health, January 30, 1917, 
 and as amended April 29, 1919, and as further amended 
 April 29, 1920.) 
 
 Sec. 172. Bringing into the City of New York of the 
 carcasses of certain animals restricted. — Xo carcasses 
 or parts of the carcasses of cows, bulls, steers or swine 
 shall be brought into the City of New York until they 
 shall respectively have been inspected and passed as fit 
 for human food by a duly authorized inspection of the 
 United States Government or of any state or municipality 
 and shall have been marked, stamped, branded, tagged 
 or labeled as having been so inspected and passed. Pro- 
 
80 Section 173 
 
 vided, however, the provisions of this section shall not 
 apply to the carcasses of cows, bulls, steers or swine to 
 which are attached, by their natural connections, the 
 head, including the tongue, the lungs, the Hver, the heart, 
 the pleura, the peritoneum and all body lymph glands. 
 (As adopted by the Board of Health, June 28, 1917.) 
 
 Sec. 173. Adulterated skimmed milk; distribution 
 prohibited; term "adulterated" defined. — No skimmed 
 milk which is adulterated shall be brought into the City 
 of New York or held, kept, sold or offered for sale in said 
 city; nor shall any person or corporation keep, have, 
 sell or offer for sale in the said city any such skimmed milk. 
 
 The term "skimmed milk" shall be taken to mean: 
 Milk from which all or part of the cream has been 
 removed. 
 
 For the purpose of this section any skimmed milk in 
 possession of or held, kept or offered for sale by a dealer 
 in food shall prima facie be deemed to be held, kept and 
 offered for sale as human food. 
 
 The term "adulterated" shall be taken to mean and 
 include : 
 
 First. Skimmed milk containing less than eight per 
 centum of milk solids other than fat. 
 
 Second. Skimmed milk from milk which has been 
 drawn from animals within fifteen days before or five 
 days after parturition. 
 
 Third. Skimmed milk from milk which has been 
 drawn from animals fed on distillery waste or any sub- 
 stance in a state of putrefaction or on any unwholesome 
 food. 
 
 Fourth. Skimmed milk from milk which has been 
 drawn from cows kept in a crowded or unhealthy con- 
 dition. 
 
 Fifth. Skimmed milk which has been diluted with 
 
Sections 174 and 17.") 81 
 
 water or any other fluid or to which has been added or 
 into which has been introduced any foreign substance 
 whatever. 
 
 Sixth. Skimmed milk, the temperature of which is 
 Egher than 50 degrees Fahrenheit or which contains an 
 excessive number of bacteria. 
 
 Seventh. Skimmed milk from milk which is pro- 
 duced in violation of the Regulations of the Board of 
 Health. (As adopted by the Board of Health, June 2S, 
 i 1917.) 
 
 Sec. 174. Reconstituted-Milk and Reconstituted- 
 Cream; Sale Regulated. — Xo rcconstituted-milk or 
 reconstituted-cream shall be brought into the City of New 
 York, or manufactured, held, kept, sold or offered for 
 sale at any place in said city without a permit therefor 
 issued by the Board of Health or otherwise than in ac- 
 cordance with the terms of said permit and the Regulations 
 of said Board. (As adopted by the Board of Health, 
 November 27, 19 IS.) 
 
 Sec. 175. Adulterated Reconstituted-Milk and Re- 
 constituted-Cream. — Xo reconstituted-milk or recon- 
 stituted-cream which is adulterated, reduced or changed 
 in any respect by the addition of water or other substances, 
 shall be brought into the City of New York or held, kept, 
 sold, or offered for sale, at any place in said city; nor 
 shall any person, firm or corporation keep, have, or offer 
 for sale in said city any such reconstituted-milk or recon- 
 stituted-cream. 
 
 Reconstituted-milk or reconstituted-cream in the 
 possession of or held, kept or offered for sale by a dealer 
 in food shall, prima facie, be deemed to be held, kept and 
 offered for sale as human food. 
 
 The term "adulterated" shall be taken to mean and in- 
 clude: 
 
82 Section 176 
 
 First. Reconstituted-milk containing more than eighty- 
 eight and one-quarter per centum of water or fluids. 
 
 Second. Reconstituted-milk containing less than eleven 
 and three-quarters per centum of milk solids. 
 
 Third. Reconstituted-milk containing less than eight 
 and one-half per centum of solids not fat. 
 
 Fourth. Reconstituted-milk containing less than 
 three and one-quarter per centum of fats. 
 
 Fifth. Reconstituted-cream which contains less than 
 eighteen per centum of butter fat. 
 
 Sixth. Reconstituted-milk or reconstituted-cream 
 made from ingredients which are rancid, impure, un- 
 wholesome, adulterated, unclean, contaminated, or other- 
 wise unfit for human consumption. 
 
 Seventh. Reconstituted-milk or reconstituted-cream 
 whicn has been diluted with water or any other fluid, or 
 to which has been added, or into which has been intro- 
 duced, any foreign substance whatever. 
 
 Eighth. Reconstituted-milk or reconstitued-cream, the 
 temperature of which is higher than fifty degrees Fahren- 
 heit, or which contains an excessive number of bacteria. 
 
 Ninth. Reconstituted-milk or reconstituted-cream 
 which is produced in violation of the Regulations of the 
 Board of Health. (As adopted by the Board of Health, 
 November 27, 1918.) 
 
 Sec. 176. Bottles, cans and other receptacles for 
 holding reconstituted-milk and reconstituted-cream; use 
 regulated and restricted. — It shall be the duty of all 
 persons having in their possession bottles, cans or other 
 receptacles containing reconstituted-milk or reconstituted- 
 cream, which are used in the transportation or delivery 
 of reconstituted-milk or i econstituted-cream, to clean or 
 cause them to be cleaned immediately upon emptying. 
 
 No person shall use or cause or allow to be used any 
 
Section 177 83 
 
 receptacle which is used in the transportation and delivery 
 Df reconstituted-milk or reconstituted-cream, for any 
 purpose whatsoever other than the holding of recon- 
 stituted-milk or reconstituted-cream; nor shall any 
 person receive or have in his possession any such recep- 
 tacle which has not been washed after holding recon- 
 stituted-milk or reconstituted-cream, or which is unclean 
 in any way. (As adopted by the Board of Health, No- 
 vember 27, 1918.) 
 
 Sec. 177. Ice cream; sale of adulterated or mis- 
 branded prohibited; the terms "ice cream," "adul- 
 terated" and "misbranded" defined.— No person shall 
 bring into, or have, sell, or offer for sale in the City of 
 New York, any ice cream which is adulterated or mis- 
 branded. The term "ice cream" as herein used shall be 
 taken to mean and include the frozen product or mix- 
 ture made from pasteurized cream, milk, or product of 
 milk, sweetened with sugar, to which has been added 
 pure, wholesome food gelatin, vegetable gum or other 
 thickener, with or without wholesome flavoring extract, 
 fruits, nuts, cocoa, chocolate, eggs, cake, candy or con- 
 fections, and which contains not less than eight per cent 
 (8%), by weight, of milk (butter) fat. 
 
 Ice cream as herein defined shall be deemed adul- 
 terated: 
 
 (1) If any substance or substances has or have been 
 mixed and packed with it so as to reduce or lower or in- 
 juriously affect its quality or strength. 
 
 (2) If any inferior or cheaper substance has been sub- 
 stituted wholly or in part for the article. 
 
 (3) If any valuable constituent of the article has been 
 wholly or in part abstracted. 
 
 (4) If it consists wholly or in part of diseased or 
 decomposed or putrid or rotten animal or vegetable sub- 
 
84 Section 177 
 
 stance, or any portion of any animal unfit for food, or 
 if it is a product of a diseased animal, or one that has 
 died otherwise than by slaughter. 
 
 (5) If it contains any added poisonous ingredient, or 
 any ingredient which may render it injurious to health; 
 or if it contains any antiseptic or preservative not evident : 
 and not known to the purchaser or consumer. 
 
 (6) If it contains chrome yellow, saccharin, salts or 
 copper, iron oxide, formaldehyde, boric acid, ochres, or 
 other mineral substance or poisonous color or flavor, or 
 other ingredient deleterious or detrimental to health. 
 
 (7) If it contains less than eight per cent (8%) by 
 weight, of milk (butter) fat. 
 
 (8) If it contains more than one per cent (1%) of pure, 
 wholesome, gelatin, vegetable gum, or other thickener. 
 
 (9) If it contains any added vegetable or mineral oils 
 or fats. 
 
 Ice cream shall be deemed misbranded: 
 
 (a) If it is an imitation or offered for sale under the 
 distinctive name of another article or is labeled or branded 
 so as to deceive or mislead the purchaser. 
 
 (b) If in package form and the contents are stated in the 
 terms of weight or measure, such weight or measure is 
 not plainly and correctly stated on the outside of the 
 package. 
 
 (c) If the package or its label shall bear any state- 
 ment, design, or device regarding the ingredients or the sub- 
 stances contained therein, which statement, design, or 
 device shall be false or misleading in any particular. 
 
 The provisions of this section shall not, however, apply 
 to mixtures or compounds which may be now, or from 
 time to time hereafter, known under their own dis- 
 tinctive names and not an imitation of or offered for 
 sale under the distinctive name of ice cream, if the name 
 
Section 178 s "> 
 
 be accompanied on the same label or brand with a state- 
 ment of the date and place where said article has been 
 manufactured or produced. (As adopted by the Board of 
 Health, April 29, 1920.) 
 
 Sec. 178. Food gelatin; sale of adulterated or mis- 
 branded prohibited; the term "food gelatin," '"adul- 
 terated" and "misbranded" defined. — Xo person shall 
 bring into, or have, keep, offer for sale, or sell, in the City 
 of New York, any food gelatin which is adulterated or 
 misbranded. The term food gelatin as herein used shall 
 be taken to mean and include a purified product of gelatin 
 prepared from the bones, hides, hoofs, horns and tissues 
 of animals. 
 
 Food gelatin as herein defined shall be deemed adul- 
 terated: 
 
 (1) If any substance or substances has or have been 
 mixed and packed with it so as to reduce or lower or 
 injuriously affect its quality or strength. 
 
 (2) If any inferior or cheaper substance has been 
 substituted wholly or in part for the article. 
 
 (3) If it consists wholly or in part of diseased or 
 decomposed or putrid or rotten animal or vegetable 
 substance, or if it is a product of a diseased animal. 
 
 (4) If it is colored or coated or powdered whereby 
 damage is concealed or it is made to appear better than it 
 really is. 
 
 (5) If it contains any antiseptic or preservative not 
 evident and not known to the purchaser or consumer. 
 
 (6) If it contains more than thirty (30) parts per 
 million of copper, or one and four tenths (1.4) parts per 
 million of arsenic, or one hundred (100) parts per million 
 of zinc, or twenty (20) parts per million of lead, or three 
 hundred (300) parts per million of tin, or two one-hun- 
 dredths of one per cent (.02%) of sulphur dioxide, or any 
 
86 Article 10 
 
 other added poisonous ingredient or any ingredient which 
 may render it injurious to health. 
 
 Food gelatin as herein defined shall be deemed mis- 
 branded: 
 
 (a) If it is an imitation or offered for sale under the 
 distinctive name of another article. 
 
 (b) If it is labeled or branded so as to deceive or mis- 
 lead the purchaser, or purport to be a foreign product 
 when not so; or if the contents of the package as origi- 
 nally put up shall have been removed in whole or in part 
 and other contents shall have been placed in such 
 package. 
 
 (c) If in package form and the contents are stated in 
 terms of weight or measure, such weight or measure is not 
 plainly and correctly stated on the outside of the package. 
 
 (d) If the package or label shall bear any statement, 
 design, or device, regarding the ingredients or the sub- 
 stances contained therein, which statement, design, or 
 device shall be false or misleading in any particular. 
 (As adopted by the Board of Health, April 29, 1920.) 
 
 ARTICLE 10. 
 General Provisions. 
 
 Sec. 181. Misfeasance and nonfeasance. 
 
 Sec. 182. Contractors must comply with provisions of 
 the Sanitary Code. 
 
 Sec. 183. Nuisances; conditions dangerous or preju- 
 dicial to life or health; duties of persons 
 responsible. 
 
 Sec. 184. Regulations and orders; to be observed and 
 obeyed. 
 
 Sec. 185. Abatement of nuisances. 
 
Sections 181, 182 and 183 87 
 
 Sec. 1S6. Interfering with or obstructing an inspector. 
 Sec. 1S7. False, untruthful, or misleading statements. 
 Sec. 1S8. Affidavit of chemist; presumptive evidence of 
 
 facts. 
 Sec. 1S9. Notices not to be mutilated or torn down. 
 
 Sec. 181. Misfeasance and nonfeasance. — Xo person 
 shall, knowingly, or carelessly or negligently, do or con- 
 tribute to the doing of, any act dangerous to the life or 
 detrimental to the healtn, of any human being, provided, 
 however, that the foregoing provisions of this section 
 shall not apply to a necessary act authorized by law; 
 nor shall any person omit to do any reasonable and proper 
 act, or take any reasonable or proper precaution, to 
 protect human life and health. (S. C. Sec. 8.) 
 
 Sec. 1S2. Contractors must comply with provisions 
 of the Sanitary Code. — Every contractor, to whom 
 reference is made in the Sanitary Code, and every person 
 who shall have contracted or undertaken, or shall be 
 bound, to do, or shall be engaged in doing, any of the 
 things to which any of the provisions of the Sanitary Code 
 relate, shall comply with all provisions of the said Code 
 applying to the work undertaken or to be undertaken, 
 and he shall not be excused for non-compliance with any of 
 the said provisions because of any direction given by any 
 other person. (S. C. Sec. 9.) 
 
 Sec. 1S3. Nuisances; conditions dangerous or prej- 
 udicial to life or health; duties of persons responsible. — 
 It is hereby declared to be the duty of every owner, part 
 owner, lessee, tenant, and occupant, of, person interested 
 in, any place, water, ground, room, stall, apartment, 
 building, erection, vessel, vehicle, matter, and thing, in 
 the City of New York, and of every person conducting 
 
88 Sections 184, 185 and 186 
 
 or interested in business therein or thereat, and of every 
 person who has undertaken to clean any place, ground, 
 or street, in the said City, and of every person, public 
 officer, and department, having charge of any ground, 
 place, building, or erection, in the said City, to keep, 
 place, and preserve the same and the sewerage, drainage, 
 and ventilation thereof in such condition, and to conduct 
 the same in such manner, that it shall not be a nuisance, 
 or be dangerous or prejudicial to life or health. The term 
 "building" as used in this section, includes a railway car, 
 booth, tent, shop or other erection or enclosure. (S. C. 
 Sec. 10.) 
 
 Sec. 184. Regulations and orders; to be observed 
 and obeyed. — No person shall violate, or refuse or neglect 
 to comply with, any regulation or order of the Board of 
 Health, made for carrying into effect the provisions of 
 this Code, the powers of the said Board, or the laws of this 
 State; and the violation of, or the refusal or neglect to 
 comply with, any such regulation or order which relates 
 to the provisions of any section of this Code shah be 
 deemed a violation of such section. (S. C. Sec. 11.) 
 
 Sec. 185. Abatement of nuisances. — Whenever in 
 any place or on any premises in the City of New York 
 a nuisance shall have been found, or declared by resolu- 
 tion of the Board of Health to exist, and an order shall 
 have been made directing the owner, lessee, tenant, or 
 occupant of such place or premises to make suitable and 
 necessary repairs or improvements, or to abate the said 
 nuisance, such repairs or improvements shall be made, 
 and such nuisance shall be fully abated, within the time 
 specified in said order. (S. C. Sec. 14.) 
 
 Sec. 186. Interfering with or obstructing an inspector. 
 — No person shall interfere with or obstruct any inspector 
 or other duly authorized representative of the Depart- 
 
Sections 187 188 and 189 89 
 
 ment of Health when making the inspections or examina- 
 tions required by the Board of Health, or when executing 
 its orders. fS. C. Sec. 12.) 
 
 Sec. 187. False, untruthful, or misleading statements. 
 
 No person shall make any false, untruthful, or mis- 
 leading statement in any application for a permit from 
 the Board of Health. (S. C. Sec. 15.) 
 
 Sec. 1S8. Affidavit of chemist; presumptive evidence 
 of facts. — Every affidavit duly signed and acknowledged, 
 of a chemist, analyst, or other expert, employed by the 
 Board of Health of the Department of Health o^ the City 
 of New York, relating to any analysis, examination, or 
 investigation, made by such chemist, analyst, or expert 
 i.i respect to any matter, product, or thing, which the said 
 Board has authority to examine or investigate, or may 
 cause to be examined or investigated, shall be presumptive 
 evidence of the facts therein set forth. (S. C. Sec. 69a.) 
 (As amended by the Board of Health, May 6, 1920). 
 
 Sec. 189. Notices net to be mutilated or torn down. — 
 No person shall interfere with or obstruct, mutilate, or 
 tear down, any notice of the Department of Health posted 
 in or on any premises in the City of New York. (S. C. 
 Sec. 137.) 
 
 ARTICLE 11. 
 
 Midwifery and Care of Children. 
 
 Sec. 196. Practice of midwifery regulated. 
 Sec. 197. Board and care of children regulated. 
 Sec. 19S. Day nurseries; conduct thereof regulated. 
 Sec. 199. Vaccination; duties of parents, guardians, and 
 
 others. 
 Sec. 200. Phvsical care of school children. 
 
90 Sections 196, 197, 198, 199 and 200 
 
 Sec. 196. Practice of midwifery regulated. — Xo per- 
 son other than a duly licensed physician shall practice 
 midwifery in the City of New York without a permit 
 therefor issued by the Board of Health or otherwise than 
 in accordance with the terms of said permit and with the 
 Regulations of said Board (S. C. Sec. 184.) 
 
 Sec. 197. Board and care of children regulated. — 
 No person other than a superintendent of the poor, a 
 superintendent of almshouses, or an institution duly in- 
 corporated for the purpose, shall receive, board, or keep, 
 except under legal commitment, any nursing child, or any 
 child under the age of twelve years who is not a relative, 
 pupil, or ward, or an apprentice, of such person, without 
 a permit therefor issued by the Board of Health or other- 
 wise than in accordance with the terms of said permit and 
 with the Regulations of said Board. (S. C. Sec. 191.) 
 
 Sec. 198. Day nurseries; conduct thereof regulated. 
 — No day nursery shall be conducted in the City of New 
 York without a permit therefor issued by the Board of 
 Health or otherwise than in accordance with tie terms 
 of said permit and with the Regulations of said Board. 
 (S. C. Sec. 25.) 
 
 Sec. 199. Vaccination; duties of parents, guardians, 
 and others. — Every person, being the parent or guardian, 
 or having the care, custody, or control, of an}^ minor, 
 or other individual, shall (to the extent of any means, 
 power, and authority of said parent, guardian, or other 
 person that could properly be used or exerted for such 
 purpose) cause such minor or individual to be so promptly, 
 frequently, and effectively vaccinated that such minor 
 or individual shall not take, or be liable to take the small- 
 pox. (S. C. Sec. 147.) 
 
 Sec. 200. Physical care of school children. — A health 
 certificate prepared in accordance with the Regulations 
 
Article 12 91 
 
 Df the Department of Health, and signed by a duly 
 icensed physician authorized to practice medicine in 
 ;he State of New York shall be furnished by each pupil 
 it the time of his or her admission to a public or other 
 "ree school supported in whole or in part by funds obtained 
 :rom direct taxation. 
 
 If any such pupil shall not present a health certificate, 
 as required herein, the principal or teacher in charge of 
 the school shall cause a notice to be promptly sent to the 
 parent, guardian, or other person having the care, custody, 
 or control of such pupil to the effect that, if the lequired 
 health certificate be not presented within ten days there- 
 after, a physical examination of such pupil will be made 
 by a medical inspector of the Department of Health. 
 
 Every principal or teacher, in charge of a public or 
 other free school supported in whole or in part by funds 
 obtained from direct taxation, shall report to the medical 
 inspector of the Department of Health having juris- 
 diction over the health of the pupils in such school the 
 names of all pupils who shall not have furnished such 
 health certificate within ten days following the date of 
 ;the sending of such notice. 
 
 ARTICLE 12. 
 
 Miscellaneous Provisions. 
 
 Sec. 211. Discharge of dense smoke prohibited. 
 
 Sec. 212. Nuisance caused by the discharge or escape 
 
 of cinders, dust, gas, steam, or offensive 
 
 or noisome odors prohibited. 
 Sec. 213. Spitting forbidden. 
 Sec. 214. Use of common towels prohibited. 
 Sec. 215. Noise from animals and birds prohibited. 
 
92 Sections 211 and 212 
 
 Sec. 216. Smoking in subway prohibited. 
 
 Sec. 217. Establishment and maintenance of tents and 
 camps regulated. 
 
 Sec. 218. Physicians required to register in the Depart- 
 ment of Health. 
 
 Sec. 219. Nurses. 
 
 Sec. 220. Hospitals; permit required; exception. 
 
 Sec. 221. Growth of poison ivy and rag weed prohibited. 
 
 Sec. 222. Schools; permits required. 
 
 Sec. 223. Dispensaries; communicable disease; regu- 
 lations. 
 
 Sec. 224. Punishment for violation of Sanitary Code. 
 
 Sec. 225. Heating of occupied buildings. 
 
 Sec. 226. Persons to protect nose and mouth when 
 coughing or sneezing. 
 
 Sec. 227. Dogs to be controlled so as not to commit 
 nuisances. 
 
 Sec. 228. Noise from bells, gongs, etc., prohibited. 
 
 Sec. 229. Automobiles and other motor vehicles; loud 
 and explosive noises prohibited. 
 
 Sec. 211. Discharge of dense smoke prohibited. — 
 
 No person shall cause, suffer or allow dense smoke to be 
 discharged from any building, vessel, stationary or loco- 
 motive engine or motor vehicle, place or premises within 
 the City of New York or upon the waters adjacent thereto, 
 within the jurisdiction of said City. All persons partici- 
 pating in any violation of this provision, either as pro- 
 prietors, owners, tenants, managers, superintendents, 
 captains, engineers, firemen or motor vehicle operators 
 or otherwise, shall be severally liable therefor. (S. C. 
 Sec. 181.) 
 
 Sec. 212. Nuisance caused by the discharge or escape 
 of cinders, dust, gas, steam, or offensive or noisome 
 
Section 213 93 
 
 dors prohibited. — The owners, lessees, tenants, occupants 
 .nd managers of every building, vessel or place in or upon 
 vhich a locomotive or stationary engine, furnace or boilers 
 ire used shall cause all ashes, cinders, rubbish, dirt and 
 efusc to be removed to some proper place so that the same 
 hall not. accumulate, nor shall any person cause, suffer 
 >r allow cinders, dust, gas, steam, or offensive or noisome 
 )dors to escape or be discharged from any such building, 
 essel or place, to the detriment or annoyance of any 
 )erson or persons not being therein or thereupon engaged. 
 S. C. Sec. 96.) 
 
 Sec. 213. Spitting forbidden. — Spitting upon the side- 
 walk of any public street, avenue, park, public square, 
 )r place in the City of New York, or upon the floor of 
 iny hall in any tenement house which is used in common 
 Dy the tenants thereof, or upon the floor of any hall oi 
 office in any hotel or lodging house which is used in com- 
 mon by the guests thereof, or upon the floor of any 
 heatre, store, factory, or of any building which is used 
 n common by the public, or upon the floor of any ferry - 
 Doat, railroad car, or other public conveyance, or upon 
 the floor of any ferry house, depot, or station, or upon 
 the station platform or stairs of any elevated or subway 
 railroad or other common carrier, or upon the tracks or 
 roadbed, or into the street from the cars, stairs, or plat- 
 forms of such elevated or subway railroads, is forbidden. 
 The corporations or persons owning or having the manage- 
 ment or control of any such building, store, factory, 
 ferryboat, railroad car, or other public conveyance, ferry- 
 house, depot or station, or station platform or stairs of any 
 such building, store, factory, ferryboat, railroad car, or 
 other public conveyance, ferryhouse, depot or station, 
 or station platform or stairs of any elevated or subway 
 railroad or other common carrier, shall keep permanently 
 
94 Sections 214 and 215 
 
 and conspicuously posted in each of said places a sufficient 
 number of notices forbidding spitting upon the floors and 
 calling attention to the provisions of this section. 
 
 It shall be the duty of every owner, lessee, or manager 
 of every factory, workroom, store, office, or place of 
 business, in which ten or more persons are employed, 
 to provide proper receptacles for expectoration. Such 
 receptacles are to be provided in the proportion of one 
 for every two persons so employed, and they are to be 
 cleansed and disinfected at least once in every twenty 
 four hours. 
 
 A copy of the preceding paragraph shall be kept posted 
 in a conspicuous place in every such factory, workroom, 
 store, office, or place of business. (S. C. Sec. 178.) 
 (As amended by the Board of Health, October 15, 1918.): 
 
 Sec. 214. Use of common towels prohibited. — Noi 
 person, firm, or corporation having the management] 
 and control of any factory, department store or other 
 business establishment, school, hotel, theatre, concert 
 hall, restaurant, cafe, or beer, wine, or liquor saloon, 
 railroad station, railroad car, ferryhouse, ferryboat,] 
 public lavatory, public wash room, public comfort station, 
 or any other public place, shall maintain therein or thereat 
 any towel or towels for use in common. 
 
 The term "for use in common" as employed herein 
 shall be construed to mean, for the use of or intended to; 
 be used by, more than one person. 
 
 The term "corporation" as used herein shall be construed 
 to mean and include a municipal corporation. (S. C. 
 Sec. 190.) (As amended by the Board of Health, June 
 30, 1915.) 
 
 Sec. 215. Noise from animals and birds prohibited.- 
 No person owning, occupying, or having charge of anyj 
 building or premises, shall keep or allow thereon or therein 
 
Sections 216, 217, 218 and 219 95 
 
 any animal or bird, which shall by noise disturb the quiet 
 or repose of any person therein or in the vicinity, to the 
 detriment of the life or health of such person. (S. C. 
 Sec. 180.) 
 
 Sec. 216. Smoking in subway prohibited. — Smoking 
 or carrying any lighted cigar, cigarette, or pipe, in or on 
 any stairway, platform, station, or car, of any railway 
 running underneath the ground surface, is hereby pro- 
 hibited. (S. C. Sec. 187.) 
 
 Sec. 217. Establishment and maintenance of tents 
 and camps regulated. — Xo tent shall be raised or erected 
 or any camp established, in the City of New York, to be 
 used or occupied by any persons as a place for living or 
 sleeping, nor shall any such tent or camp be so used or 
 occupied without a permit therefor issued by the Board of 
 Health or other cvise than in accordance with the terms of 
 said permit and with the Regulations of said Board. 
 (S. C. Sec. 186.) 
 
 Sec. 218. Physicians required to register in the 
 
 Department of Health. — Every physician practicing in 
 
 the City of New York shall register his or her name and 
 
 I address and every change of address, in the office of the 
 
 t! Bureau of Records of the Department of Health. (S. C. 
 
 :Sec. 160.) 
 
 Sec. 219. Nurses. — No person other than one who 
 shall have received from the regents of the University 
 ">f the State of New York a certificate of his or her qualifi- 
 cations to practice as a registered nurse shall assume the 
 title, Registered Nurse, or use the abbreviation, R. N., 
 }r any other letters, or words or figures, to indicate that 
 such person is a registered nurse. 
 
 No person other than one who shall have graduated 
 after a course of training of not less than two years 
 duration, from a hospital training school for nurses, shall 
 
96 Sections 220, 221 and 222 
 
 practice as or hold himself or herself out to be or be by- 
 anyone held out or represented to be a trained, graduate 
 or certified nurse, or use any letters, words, figures or 
 device to indicate that such person is a trained, graduate 
 or certified nurse. (As amended by the Board of Health, 
 March 30, 1915.) 
 
 Sec. 220. Hospitals; permit required; exception. — 
 No person, persons, or corporation, other than those 
 specifically authorized by law, shall conduct or maintain 
 any public or private hospital or institution wherein 
 human beings may be treated or cared for by a physician 
 or midwife, without a permit therefor issued by the 
 Board of Health or otherwise than in accordance with 
 the terms of said permit and with the Regulations of 
 said Board. (S. C. Sec. 184.) 
 
 Sec. 221. Growth of poison ivy and rag weed pro- 
 hibited. — Xo person owning, occupying, or having 
 charge of any lot or premises in the City of New York 
 shall cause, suffer, or allow poison ivy, rag weed, or other 
 poisonous weed to grow therein or thereon in such manner 
 that any part of such ivy, rag weed, or other poisonous 
 weed shall extend upon, overhang, or border upon any 
 public place, or allow the seed, pollen, or other poisonous 
 particles or emanations therefrom to be carried through 
 the air into any public place. (As adopted by the Board 
 of Health, June 30, 1915.) 
 
 Sec. 222. Schools; permits required. — No school for,*, 
 children, other than those under the jurisdiction of the 
 Department of Education of the City of New York, shall 
 be established or maintained in the City of New York ; 
 without a permit therefor, issued by the Board of Health, 
 or otherwise than in accordance with the terms of said 
 permit and the Regulations of said Board. For the! 
 purposes of this Section, the term "children" shall bel 
 
Sections 223, 224 and 225 97 
 
 taken to mean and include all human beings under six- 
 teen (16) years of age. (The provisions of this Section 
 shall take effect, September 1, 1916.) (As ( adopted by 
 the Board of Health, December 21, 1915.) 
 
 Sec. 223. Dispensaries ; communicable disease ; regu- 
 lations. — Xo public dispensary where communicable 
 diseases are treated or diagnosed shall be conducted or 
 maintained otherwise than in accordance with the Regu- 
 lations of the Board of Health. (As adopted by the 
 Board of Health, June 28, 1917.) 
 
 Sec. 224. Punishment for violation of the Sanitary 
 Code. — Any violation of the Sanitary Code of the Board 
 of Health of the Department of Health, of the City of 
 New York shall be punished in the manner prescribed by 
 Sections 1740 and 1937 of the Penal Law of the State of 
 New York, and Sections 1172, 1222 and 1262 of the 
 Greater New York Charter. (As adopted by the Board 
 of Health, May 21, 1918.) 
 
 Sec. 225. Heating of occupied buildings. It shall be 
 the duty of every person who shall have contracted or 
 undertaken, or shall be bound, to heat, or to furnish heat 
 for any building or portion thereof, occupied as a home 
 or place of residence of one or more persons, or as a busi- 
 ness establishment where one or more persons are em- 
 ployed, to heat, or to furnish heat for every occupied 
 room in such building, or portion thereof, so that a mini- 
 | mum temperature of sixty-eight (6S) degrees Fahren- 
 ' heit may be maintained therein at all such times. Pro- 
 vided, however, the provisions of this section shall not 
 apply to buildings, or portions thereof, used and occupied 
 for trades, businesses, or occupations where high or low 
 temperatures are essential and unavoidable. 
 
 For the purpose of this section, wherever a building h 
 I heated by means of a furnace, boiler, or other apparatus 
 
98 Sections 226 and 227 
 
 Under the control of the owner, agent, or lessee of such 
 ■building, such owner, agent, or lessee, in the absence 
 of a contract or agreement to the contrary, shall be 
 deemed to have contracted, undertaken or bound himself 
 or herself to furnish heat in accordance with the pro- 
 visions of this section. 
 
 The term "at all such times" as used in this section, 
 unless otherwise provided by a contract or agreement, 
 shall include the time between the hours of 6 A. M. 
 and 10 P. M., in a building, or portion thereof, occupied 
 as a home or place of residence, and during the usual 
 working hours established and maintained in a building, 
 or portion thereof, occupied as a business establishment, 
 of each day whenever the outer or street temperature 
 shall fall below fifty (50) degrees Fahrenheit. 
 
 The term "contract" as used in this section shall be 
 taken to mean and include a written or verbal contract. 
 (As adopted by the Board of Health, October 17, 1918, 
 and as amended December 11, 1919.) 
 
 Sec. 226. Persons to protect nose and mouth when 
 coughing or sneezing. — In order to prevent the convey- 
 ance of infective material to others, all persons shall, 
 when coughing or sneezing, properly cover the nose and 
 mouth with a handkerchief or other protective substance. 
 (As adopted by the Board of Health, October 17, 1918.) 
 
 Sec. 227. Dogs to be controlled so as not to commit 
 nuisances. — No person having the right and ability tc 
 prevent shall, knowingly, or carelessly or negligently,^; 
 permit any dog or other animal to commit any nuisance;] 
 upon any side walk of any public street, avenue, park, 
 public square, or place in the City of New York; or uporJ 
 the floor of any hall of any tenement house which is used] 
 in common by the tenants thereof; or upon the fencea 
 of any premises, or the walls or stairways of any building 
 
Sections 228 and 229 99 
 
 abutting on a public street, avenue, park, public square, 
 or place; or upon the floor of any theatre, store, factory, 
 or any building which is used in common by the public, 
 including all public rooms or places therewith connected; 
 or upon the floor of any ferry house, depot, or station; 
 or upon the station platform or stairs of any railroad or 
 other common carrier; or upon the roof of any tenement 
 house used in common by the tenants thereof; or upon 
 the floor of any hall, stairway, or office of any hotel or 
 lodging house which is used in common by the guests 
 thereof; nor shall any such person omit to do any reason- 
 able and proper act, or take any reasonable and proper 
 precaution, to prevent any such dog or other animal from 
 committing such a nuisance in, on, or upon, any of the 
 places or premises herein specified. (As adopted by the 
 Board of Health, November 4, 1918.) 
 
 Sec. 228. Noise from bells, gongs, etc., prohibited. — 
 No person shall cause, suffer or allow to be attached to, 
 or maintained in or upon any building or premises any 
 bell or gong, which shall by noise disturb the quiet or 
 repose of persons in the vicinity thereof, to the detriment 
 of the repose or health of such person. All persons par- 
 ticipating in the violation of this provision, either as pro- 
 prietors, owners, tenants, managers or superintendent of 
 such building or premises, or licensees or licensors of such 
 electric bell or gong, or otherwise, shall be liable therefor. 
 (As adopted by the Board of Health, August 20, 1919.) 
 
 Sec. 229. Automobiles and other motor vehicles; 
 loud and explosive noises prohibited. — Every auto- 
 mobile or other vehicle equipped with a gasoline or other 
 internal combustion engine in which a gas is generated 
 or used for the purpose of propulsion, shall be constructed 
 so that the exhaust from such engine is made to discharge 
 into a muffler or other device which will prevent loud or 
 
100 Article 13 
 
 explosive noises; and no person having the management 
 and control of any such automobile or vehicle, or operating 
 the engine thereof, shall cause, permit, suffer or allow 
 the exhaust from such engine to discharge into the open 
 air, or otherwise than into a muffler or other device which 
 would prevent loud or explosive noises. (As adopted by 
 the Board of Health, December 17, 1919.) 
 
 ARTICLE 13. 
 
 Offensive Materials. 
 
 Sec. 231. Offensive water or other liquid or substance; 
 not permitted on premises or grounds. 
 
 Sec. 232. Offensive matter or substances; accumula- 
 tions thereof not to be disturbed in certain 
 peiiods of year; permit required. 
 
 Sec. 233. Stinking, noxious liquids; not to fall into or 
 upon any public place. 
 
 Sec. 234. Blood, butcher's offal or garbage, dead ani- 
 mals, and putrid or stinking animal or 
 vegetable matter; disposal restricted. 
 
 Sec. 235. Contents of vaults, privies, cisterns, cess- 
 pools, and sinks; creation of nuisances 
 prohibited. 
 
 Sec. 236. Disinfection and removal of contents of sinks, 
 privies, vaults, and all other noxious 
 substances. 
 
 Sec. 237. Vaults, sinks, privies, and cesspools; use 
 thereof limited. 
 
 Sez. 238. Transportation of garbage on boats and scows 
 to Barren Island regulated. 
 
 Sec. 239. Transportation of offal and butcher's refuse 
 regulated. 
 
Article 13 101 
 
 Sec. 240. Transportation of manure, swill, ashes, gar- 
 bage, and offal regulated. 
 
 Sec. 241. Collection and transportation of bones, refuse, 
 and offensive materials regulated. 
 
 Sec. 2-42. Accumulations of manure, offal, garbage, 
 and other offensive and nauseous sub- 
 stances; retention and disposal regulated. 
 
 Sec. 243. Removal of dead or diseased animals and filthy, 
 offensive, and noxious substances regulated. 
 
 Sec. 244. Carts, vehicles, and implements to be kept in 
 an inoffensive and sanitary condition; use 
 of same regulated. 
 
 Sec. 245. Ships, boats, and other vessels; not allowed 
 at dock or pier unless permitted. 
 
 Sec. 246. The use of docks, piers, and bulkheads 
 regulated. 
 
 Sec. 247. Refuse from oyster-houses, oyster-saloons, 
 and other premises; method of disposal 
 of refuse regulated; nuisances prohibited. 
 
 Sec. 248. Ashes, garbage, and liquid substances; sepa- 
 rate receptacles to be provided; duties 
 of owners, lessees, and agents; removal; 
 special provisions applicable to Borough 
 of Richmond. 
 
 Sec. 249. Receptacles for ashes, garbage, and liquid 
 substances not to be- interfered with or 
 contents disturbed. 
 
 Sec. 250. Ashes, garbage, and rubbish; method of 
 removal regulated. 
 
 Sec.^251. Vacant lots; accumulation of water thereon 
 prohibited; fence to be provided, if sunken ; 
 throwing and depositing offensive material 
 into such lots prohibited. 
 
102 Sections 231, 232 and 233 
 
 Sec. 252. Filling in land; offensive and unwholesome 
 materials not to be used; the use of street 
 sweeping for filling in purposes forbidden. 
 
 Sec. 253. Lime, ashes, coal, dry sand, hair, feathers, 
 like substances, and other materials not 
 to be sieved, agitated, or exposed. 
 
 Sec. 231. Offensive water or other liquid or sub- 
 stance; not permitted on premises or grounds. — Xo 
 
 person or corporation shall permit or have any offensive 
 water or other liquid or substance on his, her, or its 
 premises or grounds to the prejudice of life or health, 
 whether for use in any trade or otherwise. (S. C. Sec. 
 88.) 
 
 Sec. 232. Offensive matter or substances; accumu- 
 lations thereof not to be disturbed in certain periods of 
 year; permit required. — No ground or material filled 
 with or containing offensive matter or substance, or that 
 will emit or allow to arise through or from the same any 
 offensive smell or deleterious exhalation, shall (adjacent 
 to or within the built-up portion of the City of New York) 
 be opened or turned up, nor shall the surface thereof be 
 removed, between the first day of May and the first day 
 of October of any year, without a permit therefor issued 
 by the Board of Health or otherwise than in accordance 
 with the terms of said permit and with the Regulations 
 of said Board. (S.-C. Sec. 99.) 
 
 Sec. 233. Stinking, noxious liquids; not to fall into 
 or upon any public place. — No swill, brine, urine of ani- 
 mals, or other offensive animal matter, or any stinking 
 or noxious liquid, or other filthy matter of any kind, shall 
 by any person be allowed to run or fall into or upon any 
 street or public place, or be taken or put therein. (S. C. 
 Sec. 102.) 
 
Sections 234, 235 and 236 103 
 
 Sec. 234. Blood, butcher's offal or garbage, dead 
 animals, and putrid or stinking animal or vegetable 
 matter; disposal restricted. — Xo blood, butcher's offal 
 or garbage, or any dead animal, or any putrid or stinking 
 animal or vegetable matter, shall be thrown by any person 
 or allowed to go into any street, place, sewer, or receiving 
 basin, any river or standing or running water or excava- 
 tion, or any ground or premises in the built-up portions 
 of the City. (S. C. Sec. 103.) 
 
 Sec. 235. Contents of vaults, privies, cisterns, cess- 
 pools, and sinks; creation of nuisances prohibited. — No 
 person shall deposit, or allow to run or go into or remain 
 in any street or other public place in the City of New York, 
 Dr deposit, or allow to run or go (except through the proper 
 underground sewers) into any river or other body of 
 water within the territorial limits of the said City, the 
 contents (or any part thereof) of any vault, privy, cistern, 
 :esspool, or sink; nor shall any owner, tenant, or occu- 
 pant, of any building to which any vault, sink, privy, 
 or cesspool shall pertain or be attached, permit the con- 
 tents, or any part thereof, to flow therefrom or to rise 
 within two feet of any part of the top thereof, or said 
 contents to become offensive; nor shall any vault, privy, 
 cistern, cesspool, or sink be filled or covered with dirt 
 ontil it shall have been emptied of its filthy contents. 
 (S. C. Sec. 104.) 
 
 Sec. 236. Disinfection and removal of contents of 
 sinks, privies, vaults, and all other noxious substances. — 
 All putrid or offensive matter, all night soil, the contents 
 of all sinks, privies, vaults, and cesspools, and all noxious 
 substances, shall, before their removal or exposure, be 
 disinfected and rendered inoffensive by the owner, lessee, 
 Dr occupant of the premises where the same may be, or 
 Dy the person or contractor who removes or is about to 
 
104 Sections 237 238, 239 and 240 
 
 remove the same; and no part of the contents of any 
 vault, privy, sink, or cesspool shall be removed without 
 a permit therefor issued by the Board of Health or other- 
 wise than in accordance with the terms of said permit and 
 with the Regulations of said Board. (S. C. Sec. 122.) 
 
 Sec. 237. Vaults, sinks, privies, and cesspools; use 
 thereof limited. — No person shall throw or deposit into 
 any vault, sink, privy, or cesspool, any offal, ashes, meat, 
 fish, garbage, or other substance except that of which 
 any such place is the appropriate receptacle. (S. C. 
 Sec. 105.) 
 
 Sec. 238. Transportation of garbage on boats and 
 scows to Barren Island regulated. — Xo boat, scow, or 
 other receptacle, used in transporting garbage to Barren 
 Island or the place of disposal shall be permitted to 
 remain moored or be at any dock, wharf, or place, within 
 the limits of the City of Xew York, for a longer period 
 than twenty-four hours from the time when garbage is 
 first delivered or placed thereon. Garbage shall be re- 
 ceived on and transported in such boat, scow, or other 
 receptacle in a manner approved by the Board of Health 
 and not otherwise. (S. C. Sec. 123.) 
 
 Sec. 239. Transportation of offal and butcher's refuse 
 regulated. — No offal or butcher's refuse or garbage shall 
 be conveyed through any street or avenue or over any 
 ferry in the City of New York without a permit therefor 
 issued by the Board of Health or otherwise than in accord- 
 ance with the terms of said permit and with the Regu- 
 lations of said Board. 
 
 No offal or butcher's refuse shall be brought into the 
 City of New York. (S. C. Sec. 87.) 
 
 Sec. 240. Transportation of manure, swill, ashes, 
 garbage, and offal regulated. — No person shall engage 
 in the business of transporting manure, swill, ashes, 
 
Sections 241 and 242 105 
 
 garbage, offal, or any offensive or noxious substance, or 
 drive any cart for such purpose, in the City of New York, 
 without a permit therefor issued by the Board of Health 
 or otherwise than in accordance with the terms of said 
 permit and with the Regulations of said Board. (S. C. 
 Sec. 119.) 
 
 Sec. 241. Collection and transportation of bones, 
 refuse, and offensive materials regulated. — Xo person 
 shall gather, collect, accumulate, store, expose, carry, 
 or transport in any manner through any street or public 
 place, or into any building or cellar, in the City of New 
 York, any bones, refuse, or offensive material without 
 a permit therefor issued by the Board of Health or other- 
 wise than in accordance with the terms of said permit and 
 with the Regulations of said Board. (S. C. Sec. 101.) 
 
 Sec. 242. Accumulations of manure, offal, garbage, 
 and other offensive and nauseous substances; retention 
 and disposal regulated. — Xo pile, deposit, or accumula- 
 tion of manure, offal, dirt, or garbage, or any offensive or 
 nauseous substance, shall be made within the built-up 
 portions of the City of New York, or on or upon 
 the piers, docks, or balkheads adjacent thereto, or on 
 or upon any vessel, boat, or scow, lying at such pier, 
 wharf, or bulkhead; nor shall such pile, deposit, or accu- 
 mulation be made anywhere in said City within three 
 hundred feet of any church or place of worship, or in- 
 habited dwelling, without a permit therefor issued by the 
 Board of Health or otherwise than in accordance with 
 the terms of said permit and with the Regulations of 
 said Board; and no person shall contribute to the making 
 of any such pile, deposit, or accumulation without such 
 a permit or otherwise than in accordance with the terms 
 of such permit and the Regulations of said Board; nor 
 shall any car loaded with or having in or on it any such 
 
106 Section 243 
 
 substance or substances be allowed to remain or stand 
 on any railroad track, street, or highway, within three 
 hundred feet of any inhabited dwelling, or elsewhere in 
 said City, nor shall any vessel, boat, scow, or float, loaded 
 with any such substance or substances be allowed to re- 
 main at any pier, dock, or bulkhead in said City, without a 
 permit therefor issued by the Board of Health or other- 
 wise than in accordance with the terms of said permit 
 and with the Regulations of said Board; and no manure, 
 garbage, or other material that is liaole to emit an offen- 
 sive exhalation shall, in or adjacent to the built-up por- 
 tions of the City of New York, be turned or stirred, except 
 in its removal, in such a way as to increase such exhala- 
 tions by reason thereof; nor shall any straw, hay, or other 
 substance, which has been used as bedding for animals, 
 be placed or dried upon any street or sidewalk, or roof 
 of any building; nor shall any such straw, ha}', or other 
 substance, or the contents of any mattress or bed, be 
 deposited or burnt without a permit therefor issued by 
 the Board of Health or otherwise than in accordance 
 with the terms of said permit and with the Regulations of 
 said Board. (S. C. Sec. 111.) 
 
 Sec. 243. Removal of dead or diseased animals and 
 filthy, offensive, and noxious substances regulated. — 
 It shall be the duty of every person (his agents and em- 
 ployees) who has contracted or undertaken to remove 
 any diseased or dead animal, offal, rubbish, garbage,' 
 dirt, street-sweepings, night-soil, or other filthy, offen- 
 sive, or noxious substance, or is engaged in any such 
 removal, or in loading or unloading any such substance,! 
 to do the same with, dispatch, and, in every particular,; 
 in as cleanly and inoffensive a manner, and with as little] 
 danger and prejudice to life and health, as possible, and: 
 no matter or material shall lie piled up, or partially raked 
 
Sections 244, 245 and 246 107 
 
 together, in any street or place, before the removal thereof, 
 more than a reasonable time, or for more than four hours, 
 under any circumstances, in the daytime. (S. C. .Sec. 114.) 
 
 Sec. 244. Carts, vehicles, and implements to be kept 
 in an inoffensive and sanitary condition; use of same 
 regulated. — Xo cart or other vehicle used for carrying or 
 containing, any manure, swill, garbage, offal, or rub- 
 bish, or other nauseous or offensive substance, or the 
 contents of any privy, vault, cesspool, or sink, shall, 
 without necessity therefor, be allowed to stand or remain 
 before or near any building, place of business, or other 
 premises, where any person may be; nor shall tne loading 
 or unloading of any such cart or vehicle or the conveying 
 thereof through any street, place, or premises consume 
 an unreasonable period of time. Such carts, vehicles, 
 and all implements used in connection therewith must 
 be kept in an inoffensive and sanitary condition, and, 
 when not in use, shall be stored and kept in some place 
 where no needless offense shall be given to any of the 
 people of the City of New York. (S. C. Sec. 120.) 
 
 Sec. 245. Ships, boats, and other vessels; not al- 
 lowed at dock or pier unless permitted. — No ship, boat, 
 or other vessel shall be taken or allowed by any person 
 to come into, or lay at or within, any dock, pier, bulk- 
 head, or slip, for the purpose of the shipment or removal 
 of any offal, garbage, rubbish, blood, or offensive animal 
 or vegetable matter, dirt, or dead animals, or for the use 
 of any contractor for the removal of any of the foregoing 
 substances, without a permit therefor issued by the Board 
 of Health or otherwise than in accordance with the terms 
 of said permit and with the Regulations of said Board. 
 (S. C. Sec. 115.) 
 
 Sec. 246. The use of docks, piers, and bulkheads 
 regulated. — Xo person shall obstruct, delay, or interfere 
 
108 Sections 247 and 248 
 
 with the proper and ready use, for the purposes for which 
 they may be and should be set apart and devoted, of any 
 dock, pier, or bulkhead by any contractor or person en- 
 gaged in removing any offal, garbage, rubbish, dirt, 
 dead animal, night soil, or other like substances, or with 
 the proper performance of such contracts. (S. C. Sec. 
 113.) 
 
 Sec. 247. Refuse from oyster-houses, oyster-saloons, 
 and other premises; method of disposal of refuse regu- 
 lated; nuisances prohibited. — Every proprietor, lessee, 
 tenant, and occupant of any oyster-house, oyster-saloon, 
 or other premises where an}? - oysters, clams, lobsters, or 
 shell or other fish are consumed, used, or sold, or where 
 any of the refuse matter, offal, or shells thereof accumu- 
 late shall daily cause all such shells, offal, and refuse matter 
 to be removed therefrom to some proper place, and shall 
 keep such house, saloon, or premises at all times free from 
 any offensive smells or accumulations. (S. C. Sec. 112.) 
 
 Sec. 248. Ashes, garbage, and liquid substances; 
 separate receptacles to be provided; duties of owners, 
 lessees, and agents; removal; special provisions ap- 
 plicable to Borough of Richmond. — It shall be the duty 
 of every owner, tenant, lessee, occupant, or person in 
 charge of any and every building in the built-up and 
 generally built-up parts of the City of New York, from 
 which the City of New York removes ashes, garbage, 
 rubbish, or refuse, to provide or cause to be provided, 
 forthwith, and at all times thereafter to keep and provide 
 or cause to be kept and" provided, within and for the 
 exclusive use of such building, or the part thereof to which 
 reference is hereinafter made, separate receptacles, made 
 of metal, for holding, respectively, without leakage, all 
 ashes, garbage, and liquid waste substances, that may 
 accumulate, during sixty consecutive hours, in or through 
 
Section 248 109 
 
 the use of sucn building, 01 the part thereof of which such 
 person may be the owner, tenant, lessee, occupant, or 
 in charge. 
 
 And it snail b^ the duty of every owner, tenant, lessee, 
 occupant, or person in charge of any such building to 
 cause to be separated and put into their respective re- 
 ceptacles all such materials and substances; but no such 
 receptacle shall be filled to a greater height than a line 
 within such receptacle four inches from the top thereof, 
 nor shall any such receptacle, when so filled, contain 
 more than two cubic feet of material, nor weigh more 
 than one hundred pounds; and every such receptacle 
 shall be kept, at all times, in a condition satisfactory to the 
 Street Cleaning Department or the Department of Health. 
 
 And all such receptacles shall be kept within the build- 
 ing, or in the rear premises therewith connected, until 
 the time for the removal of such ashes, garbage, or liquid 
 waste substances, when such receptacles shall be placed 
 in the area, or within the fence or other enclosure, in 
 front of such building, or, if there be no area, or fence or 
 other enclosure, such receptacles shall be placed on the 
 sidewalk, close to such building; all such receptacles 
 shall remain so placed until the contents thereof shall 
 have been removed by the Street Cleaning Department, 
 immediately after which, such receptacles shall be re- 
 turned to such building, or to the rear premises there- 
 with connected; and every receptacle containing garbage 
 or liquid waste substance, when outside of such building 
 shall be kept, at all times, covered with a tight fitting 
 cover. 
 
 And newspapers, wrapping-paper, and all other light 
 refuse and rubbish likely to be blown or scattered about 
 the streets, shall be securely bundled, tied, or packed, 
 before being placed for removal; and such newspapers, 
 
110 Section 248 
 
 wrapping-paper, and other light refuse and rubbish, as 
 well as all other refuse and rubbish, shall be kept within 
 the building, or in the rear premises therewith connected, 
 until the time for the removal thereof, when they shall 
 be placed as the receptacles hereinbefore -mentioned are 
 required, by the provisions of this section, to be placed. 
 
 No such receptacle and no such refuse or rubbish 
 shall, however, be so placed as to constitute or con- 
 tribute to the creation of a nuisance; and no yard 
 sweepings, hedge cuttings, grass, leaves, earth, stone, 
 bricks, or business waste shall be mixed with household 
 waste. 
 
 Accumulations of household ashes, garbage, refuse 
 or rubbish resulting from the failure to take advantage 
 of the regular collection service shall be removed at the 
 expense of the person or persons concerned. 
 
 It shall, however, be the duty of every owner, tenant, 
 lessee, occupant, or person in charge of every building 
 in the built-up and generally built-up parts of the City 
 of New York not included within the foregoing provi- 
 sions of this section to observe the requirements of the 
 said provisions, except that such owner, tenant, lessee, 
 occupant, or person shall cause all ashes, garbage, liquid 
 waste, rubbish, and refuse to be daily removed therefrom. 
 
 The foregoing provisions shall apply to the built-up 
 and generally built-up parts of the City of New York 
 except as follows: 
 
 In the Borough of Richmond, ashes from house furnaces 
 shall be kept apart from the remainder of the household 
 waste and be kept in a receptacle, or in receptacles, made 
 of metal, which shall be used only for holding such ashes; 
 and the remainder of the household waste, including 
 garbage, kitchen ashes, sweepings, soiled paper, refuse, 
 and rubbish, shall be placed in another metal receptacle, 
 

 Sections 249, 250 and 251 111 
 
 or in other metal receptacles, which, when outside of a 
 building, shall be kept covered with a tight fitting cover. 
 (S. C. Sec. 108.) 
 
 Sec. 249. Receptacles for ashes, garbage, and liquid 
 substances not to be interfered with or contents dis- 
 turbed. — Xo person, not for that purpose authorized, 
 shall interfere with the receptacles for ashes, garbage, 
 or liquid substances, as provided in accordance with 
 Section 24S of the Sanitary Code, or with the contents 
 thereof; nor shall any person in any way handle or dis- 
 turb such contents. (S. C. Sec. 109.) 
 
 Sec. 250. Ashes, garbage, and rubbish; method of 
 removal regulated. — All occupants so preferring may 
 deliver their ashes, garbage, refuse, and rubbish directly 
 to the proper carts, to be taken away at any hour of the 
 day when said carts may be present, and said carts may 
 take such articles and substances at any such hour; 
 provided that such garbage, refuse, or rubbish be not 
 highly filthy or offensive. In the latter case, the same 
 shall not be so delivered or received during the period 
 beginning at seven o'clock a. m., of any day and ending at 
 ten o'clock of the evening of the same day. (S.C. Sec. 110.) 
 
 Sec. 251. Vacant lots; accumulation of water thereon 
 prohibited; fence to be provided, if sunken; throwing 
 and depositing offensive material into such lots pro- 
 hibited. — It shall be the duty of every owner, lessee, 
 contractor, or other person having the management or 
 control of any lot or parcel of land in the City of New York, 
 to keep and preserve the same, at all times, clean and 
 inoffensive, and to prevent the gathering or collecting 
 of water thereon; and to provide and maintain around 
 or in front of any lot which is sunken, excavated, or below 
 the grade of the sidewalk adjacent thi proper fence 
 
 to protect persons from falling into such lot 
 
112 Sections 252 axd 253 
 
 No person shall throw or deposit into or upon any 
 lot any garbage, refuse, or other offensive material. 
 (S. C. Sec. 116.) 
 
 Sec. 252. Filling in land; offensive and unwholesome 
 materials not to be used; the use of street sweepings 
 for filling-in purposes forbidden. — No person shall fill 
 in any land under or above water within the limits of 
 the City of New York, or any of the islands situated 
 within such limits, with garbage, dead animals or any 
 parts thereof, decaying matter, or any offensive and 
 unwholesome material, or with dirt, ashes, or other 
 refuse, when mixed with such garbage, dead animals 
 or parts thereof, decaying matter or offensive and un- 
 wholesome material. 
 
 No street sweepings shall be deposited or used to 
 fill up or raise the surface or level of any lot, grounds, 
 dock, wharf, or pier in or adjacent to the built-up 
 portions of the City of New York without a permit 
 therefor issued by the Board of Health or otherwise than 
 in accordance with the terms of said permit and with 
 the Regulations of said Board. (S. C. Sec. 98.) 
 
 Sec. 253. Lime, ashes, coal, dry sand, hair, feathers, 
 and like substances, and other materials not to be sieved, 
 agitated, or exposed. — No lime, ashes, coal, dry sand, 
 hair, feathers, or other substance that is in a similar 
 manner liable to be blown by the wind, shall be sieved, 
 agitated, or exposed, nor shall any mat, carpet, or cloth 
 be shaken or beaten, nor shall any cloth, yarn, garment, 
 material, or substance be scoured, cleaned, or hung, nor 
 shall any rags, damaged merchandise, barrels, boxes, or 
 broken bales of merchandise or goods, oe placed, kept, 
 or exposed in any place where they or particles therefrom 
 will pass into any street or public place, or into any 
 occupied premises; nor shall any usual or any reasonable 
 
Article 14 113 
 
 precautions be omitted by any person to prevent frag- 
 ments or other substances from falling, to the detri- 
 ment or peril of life or health, or dust or light material 
 flying into any street, place, or building, from any build- 
 ing or erection, while the same is being altered, repaired, 
 or demolished, or otherwise. (S. C. Sec. 118.) 
 
 ARTICLE 14. 
 Plumbing, Drainage and Sewerage. 
 
 Drainage; duties of owners, lessees, tenants, 
 and occupants of buildings and premises. 
 
 Drainage of marsh land. 
 
 Sewers; to be adequately flushed; duties 
 of boards, departments, officers, and per- 
 sons. 
 
 Sewage, drainage, factory refuse, and foul 
 offensive liquid or other material; dis- 
 posal thereof regulated and restricted. 
 
 Change in drainage, sewerage, and sewer 
 connection affecting other premises regu- 
 lated. 
 
 Drains, soil-pipes, passages, or connections 
 between sewers and buildings; to be 
 adequate. 
 
 Plumbing; to be kept in good order and 
 repair. 
 
 Plumbing fixtures; to be separately trapped. 
 
 Drain, soil, and waste pipes; joints and 
 connections. 
 
 Drain pipes from refrigerators; to discharge 
 into open sink; discharge from overflow 
 pipe regulated. 
 
114 Sections 271 and 272 
 
 Sec. 281. Waste, soil, and vent pipes; to be constructed 
 and located so as not to contribute to the 
 creation of a nuisance. 
 
 Sec. 282. Ventilation of sewers and plumbing. 
 
 Sec. 283. Rain water leaders and gutters; use re- 
 stricted; to be sound, tight, and adequate. 
 
 Sec. 284. Privies and water closets; maintenance. 
 
 Sec. 285. Temporary privies; to be provided during 
 construction work. 
 
 Sec. 286. Privies to be screened to prevent access of 
 flies. 
 
 Sec. 287. Privy vaults and cesspools; construction. 
 
 Sec. 271. Drainage; duties of owners, lessees, ten- 
 ants, and occupants of buildings and premises. — No 
 person being owner, lessee, tenant, or occupant of any 
 building or premises, shall allow any water or other 
 liquid to run from or out of such building or premises 
 upon or across any sidewalk or curbstone, and no such 
 substance shall be allowed to pass into any street except 
 by means of a passage constructed under or through, 
 which passage must be kept at all times adequate and in 
 repair; and no water or other liquid, or ice therefrom, 
 shall be allowed to gather or remain on the upper surface 
 of such curb, flag-stone, or passage; nor shall any such 
 person allow any accumulation of such water or liquid, 
 or the ice therefrom, upcn any street or place, but shall i 
 at all times cause the same to be removed or to pass along | 
 the gutter or some proper passage to one of the rivers or 
 into a sewer. (S. C. Sec. 40.) 
 
 Sec. 272. Drainage of marsh land. — It shall be the! 
 duty of every owner, lessee, agent, contractor, or other 
 person having the management or control of any salt 
 marsh land, inland swamp, sunken lot, abandoned) 
 
Sections 273, 274 and 275 115 
 
 excavation, or any other place wherein or whereon either 
 salt or fresh water becomes stagnant and in which said 
 stagnant water mosquitoes are bred and developed, to 
 fill in or drain the same, or employ such other methods 
 as v/ill prevent at all times the breeding of mosquitoes 
 in or on such places. 
 
 Sec. 273. Sewers; to be adequately flushed; duties 
 of boards, departments, officers, and persons. — It shall 
 be the duty of all boards, departments, officers, and per- 
 sons having power and authority so to do or required 
 (and to the extent thereof) to cause sufficient water to 
 be used, and other adequate means to be taken, so that 
 whatever substances may enter any sewer shall pass 
 speedily along and from the same and sufficiently far 
 into some water or proper reservoir, in order that no 
 accumulations shall take place therein, and no exhalations 
 proceed therefrom, dangerous or prejudicial to life or 
 health. (S. C. Sec. 28.) 
 
 Sec. 274. Sewage, drainage, factory refuse, and foul 
 or offensive liquid or other material; disposcl thereof 
 regulated and restricted. — Xo person, persons, company, 
 or corporation shall cause, permit, or allow any sewage, 
 drainage, factory refuse, or any foul or offensive liquid 
 or other material to flow, leak, escape, or be emptied or 
 discharged, into the waters of any river, stream, canal, 
 harbor, bay, or estuary, or into the sea, within the limits 
 of the City of New York, excepting under low-water 
 mark, and in euch manner and under such conditions that 
 no nuisance can or shall be caused thereby or as a result 
 thereof. (S. C. Sec. 3S.) 
 
 Sec. 275. Change in drainage, sewerage, and sewer 
 connection affecting other premises regulated. — No 
 change shall be made in the drainage, sewerage, or the 
 sewer connection of any house or premises, involving 
 
116 Sections 276, 277 and 278 
 
 changes in the drainage, sewerage, or sewer connection, 
 of any other house or premises, unless at least 30 days' 
 notice thereof in writing shall have been previously- 
 given to this Department, and to the owner or occupant 
 of the premises affected by such change. (S. C. Sec. 27.)' 
 
 Sec. 276. Drains, soil-pipes, passages, or connec- 
 tions between sewers and buildings; to be adequate. — 
 Every person using, making, or having any drain, soil- 
 pipe, passage, or connection between any sewer (or any 
 river or other body of water) and any ground, building,, 
 erection, or place of business, every owner or tenant of 
 any such ground, building, or erection or place of business,. 
 and every person, board, department, or officer occupying 
 or interested in, any such ground, building, erection, or 
 place of business, shall, to the extent of the right and 
 authority of each, cause and require such drain, soil-pipe, 
 passage, or connection to be at all times adequate for the 
 purpose of conveying and allowing, freely and entirely, 
 to pass whatever enters or should enter the same. (S. C. 
 Sec. 27.) 
 
 Sec. 277. Plumbing; to be kept in good order and 
 repair. — All house drains, house sewers, waste and soil- 
 pipes, traps, and water and gas pipes, in any building or 
 premises shall at all times be kept in good order and re- 
 pair so that no gases or odors shall escape therefrom and 
 so that the same shall not leak; and all vent pipes shall 
 be kept in good order and repair and free from obstruc- 
 tions. (S. C. Sec. 32.) 
 
 Sec. 278. Plumbing fixtures; to be separately trapped. 
 Every water-closet, urinal, sink, basin, wash-tray, and 
 bath, and every tub or set of tubs and rrydrant waste 
 pipe, must be separately and effectively trapped, except ; 
 where a sink and wash tubs immediately adjoin each 
 other, in which case the waste-pipe from the tubs may be 
 
Sections 279, 280 and 281 117 
 
 connected with the inlet side of the sink trap. Traps 
 must be placed as near the fixtures as practicable, and in 
 no case shall a trap he more than two feet from the fixture. 
 In no case shall the waste from a bath tub or other fixture 
 be connected with a water-closet trap, nor shall any trap 
 vent pipe be used as a waste or soil pipe. (S. C. Sec. 33.) 
 
 Sec. 279. Drain, soil, and waste pipes; joints and 
 connections. — All joints in cast iron drain, soil, and 
 waste pipes must be filled with oakum and lead and be 
 hand caulked so as to make them gas-tight. All con- 
 nections of lead witn iron pipes must be made with a 
 brass sleeve or ferrule of the same size as the lead pipe, 
 put into the hub of the branch of the iron pipe, and 
 caulked with lead; and the lead pipe must be attached 
 to the sleeve or ferrule by a wiped or overcast joint. All 
 connections of lead waste and vent pipes shall be made 
 by means of wiped joints, and all connections of galvan- 
 ized wrought iron pipe shall be made with screcv joints. 
 (S. C. Sec. 31.) 
 
 Sec. 280. Drain pipes from refrigerators; to dis- 
 charge into open sink; discharge from overflow pipe 
 regulated. — No drain pipe from a refrigerator shall be 
 connected with the soil or waste pipe, but it shall dis 
 charge into a properly trapped, sewer-connected, water- 
 supplied, open sink. Xo overflow pipe from a tank 
 shall discharge into any soil or waste pipe, or water- 
 closet trap, or into the drain or sewer, but it may dis- 
 charge upon the roof or into an open water-supplied tank. 
 (S. C. Sec. 34.) 
 
 Sec. 281. Waste, soil, and vent pipes; to be con- 
 structed and located so as not to contribute to the creation 
 of a nuisance. — All waste, soil, and vent pipes in any 
 building in the City of Xew York shall extend above the 
 roof thereof to a height of at least two feet, and that 
 
118 Sections 282, 283 and 284 
 
 portion of the pipe extending above the roof shall be of 
 an increased diameter. All such pipes shall be so con- 
 structed and located tha/t they shall not contribute to 
 the creation of a nuisance. (S. C. Sec. 36.) 
 
 Sec. 282. Ventilation of sewers and plumbing. — No 
 brick, sheet metal, or earthenware, material or chimney 
 flue shall be used as a sewer ventilator, or to ventilate 
 any trap, drain, soil, or waste pipe. (S. C. Sec. 29.) 
 
 Sec. 283. Rain water leaders and gutters; use re-! 
 stricted; to be sound, tight, and adequate. — Rain water 
 leaders and gutters shall be sound, tight, and adequate 
 for their purpose and such leaders shall not be used 
 as soil, waste, or vent pipes, or be connected therewith; 
 nor shall any soil, waste, or vent pipe be used as a leader. 
 When within the house, the leader must be of cast iron, 
 wrought iron, or steel, with leaded joints and properly 
 connected with the house drain ; when outside of the house 
 and connected with the house drain, it must be trapped 
 beneath the ground or just inside of the wall, the trap 
 being arranged in either case so as to prevent freezing. 
 In every case where a sewer or cesspool connected leader! 
 opens near a window or a light-shaft, it must be properly 
 trapped at its base. The joint between a cast iron 
 leader and the roof must be made gas and water tight by 
 means of a brass ferrule and a lead or copper pipe properly 
 connected. (S. C. Sec. 35.) 
 
 Sec. 284. Privies and water closets; maintenance. — 
 Every owner, lessee, keeper, or manager of any boarding- 
 ing-house, lodging-house, dwelling-house, and any fac- 
 tory, workroom, store, office, or place of business, in which! 
 persons are employed, shall provide, or cause to be pro- 
 vided, for the use of the tenants, boarders, lodgersj 
 dwellers or employees therein adequate privies or water- 
 closets, and the same shall be properly lighted and ven- 
 
Sections 2S5, 2S6 and 287 119 
 
 tilated, and shall at all times be kept in such cleanly and 
 sanitary condition, as not to be offensive or dangerous 
 or detrimental to life or healt-j. And no offensive smell 
 or gases, from any outlet or sewer or from any such privy 
 or water-closet, shall be allowed to pass into any other 
 part of said house, building, or premises, or into any other 
 house, building, or premises. (S. C. Sec. 20.) 
 
 Sec. 285. Temporary privies; to be provided dur- 
 ing construction work. — Contractors or builders shall 
 provide or cause to be provided temporary privies for 
 the use of the men employed during construction work, 
 at some convenient place upon the premises, or wnich 
 shall be readily accessible, and the same shall be properly 
 screened to prevent the entrance of flies thereto. The 
 contents of such privies shall be disinfected and removed, 
 and shall not be allowed to accumulate thereat. Con- 
 tractors, builders, or other persons having the manage- 
 ment and control of construction w r ork shall prevent the 
 commission of any nuisance by workers, employees, or 
 other persons connected therewith, in and about such work 
 or premises, and require workers and employees to use 
 the privies so provided. (S. C. Sec. 37a.) 
 
 Sec. 2S6. Privies to be screened to prevent access 
 of flies. — It shall be the duty of each owmer, lessee, or 
 occupant of any premises on w^hich a privy is located 
 or used to cause the same to be properly screened so that 
 flies shall not have access thereto or to the contents 
 thereof. (S. C. Sec. 37a.) 
 
 Sec. 287. Privy vaults and cesspools; construction. — 
 No privy vault or cesspool shall be allowed to remain 
 on any premises, or built, in the City of New York unless. 
 when unavoidable. The sides and bottom of every 
 privy vault, cesspool, or "school sink," in the City of 
 New York, must be impermeable and secure against any 
 
120 Section 301 
 
 saturation of the walls or the ground above the same, 
 unless otherwise allowed by a permit in writing issued 
 therefor b}^ the Board of Health and must then be used 
 in accordance with the terms of said permit and the Regu- 
 lations of said Board. No water-closet or privy vault 
 shall be constructed without adequate provision for the 
 effectual and proper ventilation and cleansing thereof. 
 (S. C. Sec. 37.) 
 
 ARTICLE 15. 
 Railroad Cars and Other Public Vehicles. 
 
 Sec. 301. Public vehicles and other public places; to 
 
 be cleaned daily. 
 Sec. 302. Railroad cars and other public vehicles; 
 
 carrying or conveying soiled or dirty 
 
 clothing restricted. 
 Sec. 303. Railroad cars and other public vehicles; to 
 
 be adequately and sufficiently ventilated. 
 Sec. 304. Heating. 
 Sec. 305. Lighting. 
 
 Sec. 306. Cars, not to be over-crowded. (Annulled.) 
 Sec. 307. Public vehicles not to be over-crowded. 
 
 (Annulled.) 
 
 Sec. 301. Public vehicles and other public places; to 
 be cleaned daily.— Every railroad car, omnibus, and 
 ferryboat, used in the City of New York for carrying 
 passengers, and every railroad depot, railroad station, 
 railroad platform, and ferryhouse, and every stairway 
 and other means of entrance thereto or exit therefrom, 
 
Sections 302, 303 and 304 121 
 
 shall, on each and every day on which it shall be used, 
 be carefully and thoroughly cleaned so that all refuse, 
 dirt, and filth are removed therefrom, in such manner 
 as to avoid the raising of dust. Dry sweeping is pro- 
 hibited. (S. C. Sec. 173.) (As amended by the Board 
 of Health, May 31, 1916, and as further amended October 
 15, 1918.) 
 
 Sec. 302. Railroad cars and other public vehicles; 
 carrying or conveying soiled or dirty clothing restricted. — 
 No person shall at any time carry or convey upon or in 
 any passenger car or other public vehicle, nor shall any 
 conductor or person in charge of any such car or other 
 public vehicle, permit or allow to be carried or conveyed 
 upon or in such car or other public vehicle, except upon 
 or on the front platform thereof, any soiled or dirty articles 
 or clothing or bedding. (S. C. 174.) (As amended by 
 the Board of Health, December 16, 1916.) 
 • Sec. 303. Railroad cars and other public vehicles; 
 to be adequately and sufficiently ventilated. — Every 
 railroad car and other public vehicle used in the City 
 of New York for carrying of passengers shall be constructed 
 so as to provide and secure, at all times, good, adequate 
 and sufficient ventilation, and such good, adequate and 
 sufficient ventilation shall be maintained at all times by 
 natural or mechanical means. (S. C. Sec. 175.) (As 
 amended by the Board of Health, December 16, 1916.) 
 
 Sec. 304. Heating. — Every railroad car and other 
 public vehicle, and every ferryboat, used in the City 
 of New York for carrying passengers, and every depot, 
 station, ferryhouse, and waiting room used in connection 
 with such means of transit, shall, between the first day 
 of October of each year and the first day of April of each 
 following year, be properly heated and kept heated when- 
 ever the temperature upon the street shall fall below 
 
122 Sections 305, 306 and 307 
 
 forty degrees Fahrenheit. (As amended by the Board 
 of Health, December 16, 1916.) 
 
 Sec. 305. Lighting. — Every railroad car and other 
 public vehicle, and every ferryboat used in the City 
 of New York for carrying passengers, and every depot, 
 station, ferryhouse, waiting room and other public place 
 or premises used in connection with such means of transit 
 shall be at all times adequately lighted, by natural or 
 artifiical means. (As adopted by the Board of Health, 
 December 16, 1916.) 
 
 Sec. 306. Cars not to be overcrowded. — The carrying 
 of passengers on railroad cars in the City of New York 
 shall be so regulated at all times that the number of 
 passengers on any such car at any time shall not exceed 
 one and one-half times the seating capacity of the car; 
 provided, however, that the foregoing provisions of this 
 section shall not apply when the full number of cars 
 which shah have been ordered by the Public Service Com- 
 mission to be operated on any line or part of a line are so 
 operated; and provided, further, that the foregoing 
 provisions of this section shall not apply, in the absence of 
 such an order of the public Service Commission, when 
 the maximum number of cars which can be practicably 
 operated on any line or part of a line are so operated. 
 (As adopted by the Board of Health, December 16, 1916, 
 and annulled, March 28, 1918.) 
 
 Sec. 307. Public vehicles not to be overcrowded. — 
 The carrying of passengers on all public vehicles in the 
 City of New York other than railroad cars shall be so 
 regulated at all times that the number of passengers 
 on any such vehicle at any time shall not exceed one and 
 one-half times the seating capacity of such vehicle. 
 (As adopted by the Board of Health, December 16, 1916, 
 and annulled, March 28, 1918.) 
 
Sections 311, 312 and 313 123 
 
 ARTICLE 16. 
 
 Street Conditions. 
 
 Sec. 311. Method of cleaning streets regulated. 
 
 Sec. 312. Street obstructions prohibited. 
 
 Sec. 313. Dirt and other materials not to obstruct street. 
 
 Sec. 311. Method of cleaning streets regulated. — 
 Every person, when cleaning any street, shall clean, 
 and every contractor shall cause to be cleaned, the 
 gutters and parts of the street along which the water 
 will run, before using any water to wash the same; and 
 no substance that could be before scraped away shall 
 be washed or allowed to be carried or be put into the sewer, 
 or into any receptacle therewith connected. (S. C. 
 Sec. 30.) 
 
 Sec. 312. Street obstructions prohibited. — Xo person 
 having the right and ability to prevent, shall take or drive 
 or allow to go or be taken, any horse or other animal, 
 or any vehicle, upon any sidewalk or footpath in front 
 of any building, to the peril of any person; nor shall 
 any person block or obstruct, or contribute to the block- 
 ing or obstructing of, any street or other public place. 
 (S. C. Sec. 78.) 
 
 Sec. 313. Dirt and other materials not to obstruct 
 street. — No person shall deposit upon any street or 
 public place within the generally built-up portion of the 
 City of Xew York, or upon any paved street in the said 
 City, any dirt, brick, or other material, in such manner 
 as to occupy more than one hundred square feet of surface 
 of any such street or public place (and the same shall be 
 compact and at one side); nor shall any person allow the 
 same to remain in said street or public place more than 
 
124 Article 17 
 
 twelve hours without a permit therefor issued by the| 
 Board of Health, or unless such occupancy shall be other- 
 wise duly authorized by paramount authority. Nor shall ; 
 any such substance be so deposited or allowed to remain, 
 by any person, as to obstruct the free nowage along anyj 
 gutter. (S. C. Sec. 117.) 
 
 ARTICLE 17. 
 
 Trades, Occupations and Businesses. 
 
 Sec. 321. Occupations and businesses, dangerous or 
 
 detrimental to life or health, prohibited. 
 Sec. 322. Offensive or noisome trades and businesses^ 
 
 regulated. 
 Sec. 323. Certain offensive or noisome trades, occu-c 
 
 pations, and business prohibited in the 
 
 Borough of Manhattan. 
 Sec. 324. Certain offensive or noisome businesses in 
 
 the Boroughs of Brooklyn, The Bronx/ 
 
 Queens, and Richmond regulated. 
 Sec. 325. Business of slaughtering cattle, sheep, swine, 
 
 pigs, calves, and fowl regulated. 
 Sec. 326. Business of slaughtering cattle, horses, sheep J 
 
 swine, pigs, and calves restricted in the 
 
 Borough of Manhattan. 
 Sec. 327. Slaughtering of horses and sale of horse 
 
 flesh for food regulated. 
 Sec. 328. Tanning, skinning, and scouring or dressing 
 
 hides and leather regulated. 
 Sec. 329. Business of rendering and melting fat regulated:'' 
 Sec. 330. Business of manufacturing or preparing sau-| 
 
 sages and smoking or preserving meat ori 
 
 fish regulated. 
 
Sections 321 and 322 L25 
 
 Business of breaking out eggs regulated; sale 
 of "spots" and "spot eggs" prohibited; 
 the term "spot" and "spot eggs" defined. 
 
 Boiling varnish or oil; distilling alcoholic 
 spirits; making lampblack, turpentine, or 
 tar; treating and refining ores, metals, 
 or alloys of metals; regulated. 
 
 Gas manufacture regulated and restricted; 
 plans of buildings and location to be ap- 
 proved. 
 
 Lodging houses regulated. 
 
 Barber shops regulated. 
 
 Public laundries regulated. 
 
 Duty of employers to provide means to 
 prevent occupational diseases. 
 
 Manufacturing, sorting and handling cigars, 
 cigarettes and tobacoo regulated. 
 
 Removal of dust, gases, and other impuri- 
 ties from workrooms by suction devices. 
 
 Bathing establishments regulated. 
 
 Ocean bathing; regulations for protection. 
 
 Horseshoeing establishments regulated. 
 
 Sec. 321. Occupations and businesses, dangerous 
 or detrimental to life or health, prohibited. — Xo occu- 
 pation or business that is dangerous or detrimental to 
 life or health shall be established or carried on in the 
 City of New York. (S. C. Sec. 92.) ' 
 
 Sec. 322. Offensive or noisome trades and businesses 
 regulated. — Xo establishment or place for carrying on 
 any offensive or noisome trade or business shall be opened, 
 started, established, or maintained in the City of Xew 
 York, without a permit therefor issued by the Board of 
 
126 Sections 323, 324 and 325 
 
 Health or otherwise than in accordance with the terms 
 of said permit and with the Regulations of said Board. 
 (S. C. Sec. 88.) 
 
 Sec. 323. Certain offensive or noisome trades, occu- 
 pations, and businesses prohibited in the Borough of 
 Manhattan. — It shall not be lawful for any person, per- 
 sons, or corporation, to carry on, establish, prosecute, or; 
 continue, within the Borough of Manhattan, the occu- 
 pation, or trade, or business, of bone boiling, bone burn- 
 ing, bone grinding, horse skinning, cow skinning, or skin- 
 ning of dead animals, or the boiling of offal ; and any such 
 establishment existing within said Borough shall be forth- 
 with removed from said Borough, and such occupation, 
 trade, or business shall be forthwith abated and dis- 
 continued, provided that the provisions of this section 
 shall not apply to the slaughtering or dressing of animals 
 for sale in said Borough. (S. C. Sec. 90.) 
 
 Sec. 324. Certain offensive or noisome businesses 
 in the Boroughs of Brooklyn, The Bronx, Queens, and] 
 Richmond regulated. — The business of bone crushing,! 
 bone boiling, bone grinding, bone or shell burning, lime 
 making, horse skinning, cow skinning, glue making from! 
 any part of dead animals, gut cleaning, hide curing, fatfl 
 rendering, boiling of fish, swill, or offal, heating, drying,! 
 or storing of blood, scrap, fat, grease, or other offensive' 
 animal matter or of offensive vegetable matter, or manu-i 
 facturing materials for manure or fertilizer, shall not be 
 carried on in the Boroughs of Brooklyn, The Bronx, 
 Queens, or Richmond without a permit therefor issued byj 
 the Board of Health or otherwise than in accordance with; 
 the terms of said permit and with the Regulations of saiqf 
 Board. (S. C. Sec. 91.) 
 
 Sec. 325. Business of slaughtering cattle, sheep, 
 swine, pigs, calves, and fowl regulated. — The business: 
 
Sections 326 and 327 127 
 
 ; of slaughtering cattle, sheep, swine, pigs, calves, or fowl 
 shall not be conducted in the City of New York without 
 a permit therefor issued by the Board of Health or other- 
 wise than in accordance with the terms of said permit 
 and with the Regulations of said Board. It shall not be 
 unlawful, however, to slaughter cattle, sheep, swine, 
 pigs, or calves in the Borough of Brooklyn, at such places 
 where such business was established and carried on on 
 January 3, 1S98. (S. C. Sec. 83.) 
 
 Sec. 326. Business of slaughtering cattle, horses, 
 sheep, swine, pigs, and calves restricted in the Borough 
 of Manhattan. — The business of slaughtering cattle, 
 horses, sheep, or calves shall not be conducted in the 
 Borough of Manhattan except in that part of the said 
 Borough bounded by the West Side of Eleventh Avenue, 
 the middle line of the block between West 38th and 
 West 39th Streets (west of Eleventh Avenue), the North 
 River, and the south side of West 41st Street; and in 
 that part of the said Borough bounded by the east side of 
 First Avenue, the middle line of the block between East 
 42nd Street and East 43rd Street (east of First Avenue), 
 the East River, and the south side of East 47th Street. 
 
 The business of slaughtering swine and pigs shall not 
 be continued in the Borough of Manhattan except in 
 that part of the said Borough bounded by the west side 
 of Eleventh Avenue, the middle line of the block between 
 West 38th and West 39th Streets (west of Eleventh 
 Avenue), the North River, and the south side of West 
 41st Street. (S. C. Sec. 84.) (As amended by the Board 
 of Health, December 21, 1915.) 
 
 Sec. 327. Slaughtering of horses and sale of horse- 
 flesh for food regulated. — The business of slaughtering 
 horses shall not be conducted in the City of New York, 
 nor shall any horseflesh be brought into, or held, kept, 
 
128 Sections 328, 329, 330 and 331 
 
 or offered for sale in said City without a permit therefor, 
 issued by the Board of Health, or otherwise than in 
 accordance with the terms of said permit and the Regu- 
 lations of said Board. (S. C. Sec. 86.) (As amended by 
 the Board of Health, December 21, 1915.) 
 
 Sec. 328. Tanning, skinning, and scouring or dressing 
 hides and leather regulated. — No establishment or place 
 of business for tanning, skinning, or scouring, or for 
 dressing hides or leather shall be opened, started, estab- 1 
 lished, or maintained in the City of New York, without 
 a permit therefor issued by the Board of Health or other- 
 wise than in accordance with the terms of said permit 
 and with the Regulations of said Board. (S. C. Sec. 88.) 
 
 Sec. 329. Business of rendering and melting fat 
 regulated. — The business of rendering or melting fat 
 shall not be carried on in the City of New York without 
 a permit therefor issued by the Board of Health or other- ' 
 wise than in accordance with the terms of said permit and i 
 with the Regulations of said Board. (S. C. Sec. 95.) 
 
 Sec. 330. Business of manufacturing or preparing 
 sausages and smoking or preserving meat or fish regu- 
 lated. — The business of manufacturing or preparing 
 sausages or smoking or preserving meat or fish shall not 
 be carried on, nor shall any place therefor be established 
 in the City of New York without a permit therefor issued 
 by the Board of Health or otherwise than in accordance 
 with the terms of said permit and with the Regulations • 
 of said Board. (S. C. Sec. 49a.) 
 
 Sec. 331. Business of breaking out eggs regulated; 
 sale of "spots" and "spot eggs" prohibited; the term 
 "spot" and "spot eggs" defined. — No person shall breaks! 
 out eggs for sale or conduct the business of breaking 
 out eggs to be canned, frozen, dried, or used in any other 
 manner, in the City of New York, 
 
Section 332 129 
 
 I from the shell, whether canned, frozen, dried, or treated 
 in any other manner, shall be received, held, kept, sold, 
 offered for sale, or delivered in the said City without a 
 permit therefor issued by the Board of Health or other- 
 
 I wise than in accordance with the terms of said permit 
 
 ' and with the Regulations of said Board. 
 
 (a) No person shall receive, hold, keep, sell, offer for 
 sale, or deliver, as or for food, or to be used in food, in 
 the City of New York, any canned, frozen or dried eggs, 
 or eggs broken from the shell, which are adulterated or to 
 which has been added any poisonous ingredient or any 
 ingredient which may render such eggs injurious to health, 
 or to which has been added any antiseptic, preservative, 
 or foreign substance not evident and not known to the 
 purchaser or consumer, or which shall contain filthy, 
 decomposed, or putrid animal matter. 
 
 (b) No person shall keep, sell or offer for sale as food 
 any "spots" or "spot eggs." Such eggs in the possession 
 of a dealer in food shall, prima facie, be deemed to be held, 
 kept, and offered for sale, as such food. 
 
 The term "spots" and "spot eggs," when used herein, 
 shall be taken to mean all eggs that are partially hatched, 
 broken yolked, blood ringed, or veined, and all unsound 
 eggs, including those affected by moulds or which are 
 partly decomposed or that have become sour. (S. C. 
 Sec. 48a.) 
 
 Sec. 332. Boiling varnish or oil; distilling alcoholic 
 spirits; making lampblack, turpentine, or tar; treating 
 and refining ores, metals, or alloys of metals; regulated. 
 —No person shall hereafter erect or establish in the City 
 of New York any manufactory or place of business, for 
 boiling any varnish or oil, for the distilling of any ardent 
 or alcoholic spirits, for making any lampblack, turpen- 
 tine, or tar, for the treating and refining of ores, metals, 
 
130 Sections 333 axd 334 
 
 or alloys of metals, with acids or heat, or for conducting 
 any other business that will or does generate any offen- 
 sive or deleterious gas, vapor, deposit, or exhalation, 
 without a permit therefor issued by the Board of Health 
 or otherwise than in accordance with the terms of said 
 permit and with the Regulations of said Board. (S. C. 
 Sec. 94.) . 
 
 Sec. 333. Gas manufacture regulated and restricted; 
 plans of buildings and location to be approved. — Xo 
 person or corporation being a manufacturer of gas, or 
 engaged in or about the manufacture thereof, shall 
 throw or deposit or allow to run, or shall permit to be 
 thrown or deposited, into any public waters, river, or 
 stream, or into any sewer therewith connected, or into 
 any street or other public place, any gas, tar, or any refuse 
 matter of or from any gas-house works, manufactory, 
 mains, or service pipes, or permit the escape of any 
 offensive odors from their works, mains or pipes; nor: 
 shall any such person or corporation permit to escape; 
 from any of their works, mains, or pipes, any gas dangerous . 
 or prejudicial to life or health, or manufacture illuminating 
 gas of such ingredients and quality that in the process i 
 ol burning it any substance which may escape therefrom | 
 shall be dangerous or prejudicial to life or health; nor: 
 shall any such person or corporation fail to use the most 
 approved and all reasonable means for preventing the 
 escape of odors. 
 
 Xo buildings shall be erected or converted into, or 
 used as a place for the manufacture of illuminating gas,* 
 until the plans of such buildings and the location thereof, . 
 shall have been duly approved in writing by the Board" 
 of Health. (S. C. Sec. 89.) 
 
 Sec. 334. Lodging houses regulated. — Xo lodging-, 
 house containing rooms in which there are more than; 
 
Sections 335, 336, 337 and 338 131 
 
 three beds for the use of lodgers, or in which more than 
 six persons are allowed to sleep, shall be conducted, 
 maintained, cr operated in the City of New York without 
 a permit therefor issued by the Board of Health or other- 
 wise than in accordance with the terms of the said permit 
 and the Regulations of the said Board. (S. C. Sec. 21.) 
 
 Sec. 335. Barber shops regulated. — No barber shop 
 in the City of New York shall be conducted otherwise 
 than in accordance with the Regulations of the Board 
 of Health. (S. C. Sec. 179.) 
 
 Sec. 336. Public laundries regulated. — No public 
 laundry shall be conducted otherwise than in accord- 
 ance with the Regulations of the Board of Health. The 
 provisions of this section shall not apply to the home of a 
 person performing laundry work thereat for a regular 
 family trade. 
 
 Sec. 337. Duty of employers to provide means to 
 prevent occupational diseases. — Every employer shall 
 provide reasonably effective devices, means, and methods 
 to prevent the contraction by his employees of any ill- 
 ness or disease incident to the work or process in which 
 such employees are engaged. 
 
 Sec. 33S. Manufacturing, sorting and handling cigars, 
 cigarettes and tobacco regulated. — No person engaged 
 in the City of New York in manufacturing, sorting, or 
 handling, cigars, or cigarettes or in preparing, sorting, 
 or handling, tobacco for any purpose, shall, at any time, 
 touch with lips, teeth, or tongue any such cigar or cigar- 
 ette or any such tobacco, intended to be sold or offered 
 for sale; nor shall any person moisten with saliva, 
 directly or indirectly, by spitting, or by use of the fingers, 
 or utensils or accessories of any kind, any such cigar or 
 cigarette or any such tobacco; nor shall any person 
 spray or moisten any such cigar or cigarette or any such 
 
132 Sections 339 and 340 
 
 tobacco by means of water or any other liquid, emitted 
 from the mouth; nor shall any part of any such cigar 
 or cigarette be allowed to touch or be introduced into the : 
 nose of any person. 
 
 A copy of this section shall be conspicuously posted 
 in every place where such cigars or cigarettes are, or 
 tobacco is manufactured, prepared, sorted, or handled. 
 (As amended by the Board of Health, December 21, 1915.) 
 
 Sec. 339. Removal of dust, gases, and other impuri- 
 ties from workrooms by suction devices. — Every factory 
 and other place of business in any workroom of which, \ 
 in the course of business, dust, gases, fumes, vapors, ; 
 fibers, or other impurities are generated, released, or set 
 in motion, in quantities tending to injure the health of J 
 the persons therein employed, shall be provided with 
 suction devices that will remove such dust, gases, fumes, 
 vapors, fibers, or other impurities from every such work- 
 room, and such devices shall be installed as near as 
 practicable to the place where such dust, gases, fumes, \ 
 vapor, fibers, or other impurities are generated, released, 
 or set in motion. Such devices shall, also, be kept con- 
 stantly working when their employment is necessary to] 
 meet the requirements of this section. 
 
 Every factory and other place of business in any work- 
 room of which, through the nature of the business carried] 
 on, excessive heat is created shall be provided with such,: 
 means or appliances as will appreciably reduce such heat t j 
 and such means or appliances shall be constantly em- 
 ployed when such excessive heat is being created. 
 
 Sec. 340. Bathing establishments regulated. — Bath-li 
 ing suits shall not be hired out, nor shall any bathing! 
 establishment be maintained in the City of Xew York' 
 without a permit therefor issued by the Board of Healths 
 or otherwise than in accordance with the terms of said| 
 
Section 341 133 
 
 permit and the Regulations of said Board. For the pur- 
 pose of this section, the expression "bathing establish- 
 ment" shall be taken to mean and include every building, 
 room, enclosure, place or premises wherein bathing is 
 permitted for hire or wherein bathing suits are hired out 
 or which, for hire, is used for the purpose of dressing or 
 undressing in connection with the wearing, putting on or 
 taking off of bathing suits. (S. C. Sec. 26). (As 
 amended by the Board of Health, June 28, 1916, and 
 as further amended June 28, 1917.) 
 
 Sec. 341. Ocean bathing; regulations for protection. 
 — Every keeper or proprietor of a hotel or boarding house, 
 and even.* other person having a bathing-house upon or 
 near any beach or shore of the ocean for the accommo- 
 dation of his guests or other persons, for pay, shall pro- 
 vide for the safety of such bathers two lines of sound, 
 serviceable, and strong manila or hemp rope, not less than 
 one inch in diameter, anchored at some point above high 
 water, at the same distance apart as the width of the 
 space occupied by him fronting on such beach; and from 
 the two points at which such life lines are so anchored, 
 such lines shall be made to extend as far into the surf 
 as bathing therein is ordinarily safe and free from dan- 
 ger of drowning to persons not expert in swimming, and 
 at such limit points of safety such lines shall be anchored 
 and buoyed. From such limit points of such lines so 
 extended, anchored, and buoyed, a third line shall be 
 extended, connecting the two extremities of sucn lines, 
 and buoyed at such points as to be principally above the 
 surface of the water, thereby inclosing a space within such 
 lines and the beach within which bathing is believed to 
 be safe. Every such keeper, proprietor, or other such 
 person shall cause to be painted and put up in some 
 prominent place upon the beach, near such bathing- 
 
134 Section 342 
 
 houses, the following words: "Bathing beyond the lines 
 dangerous." Such lines so placed, anchored, and buoyed, 
 and such notice so put up, shall be so maintained by every 
 such keeper, proprietor, or other person during the entire 
 season of surf bathing. The owner of a bathing-house 
 shall not be subject to the provisions of this section where 
 such bathing-house is used, occupied, or maintained by a 
 lessee for hire, but, in such instances, the lessee shall be 
 deemed the keeper or proprietor thereof. (S. C. Sec. 26.) 
 Sec. 342. Horseshoeing establishments regulated. — 
 No horseshoeing establishment shall be conducted or 
 maintained in the City of New York without a permit 
 therefor issued by the Board of Health, or otherwise than 
 in accordance with the terms of said permit and the 
 Regulations of said Board. 
 
 ARTICLE 18. 
 
 Vessels and Seamen. 
 
 Sec. 351. Duties of masters, chief officers, and physicians. 
 
 Sec. 352. Vessels from infected ports, or liable to 
 quarantine; not to be brought within 
 three hundred yards of docks or piers 
 unless permitted. 
 
 Sec. 353. Vessels not in quarantine; duty of master, chief 
 officers, and consignee to make daily reports. 
 
 Sec. 354. Removal of persons sick of an infectious 
 disease prohibited. 
 
 Sec. 355. Removal of persons and articles exposed to infec- 
 tious diseases restricted: permit required. 
 
 Sec. 356. Straw, bedding, clothing, and other sub- 
 stances; not to be cast into public waters. 
 
 Sec. 357. Births, marriages, and deaths; duty of offi- 
 cers, surgeons, and others to report. 
 

 Sections 351 and 352 L35 
 
 Sec. 358. Discharge of cargo regulated. 
 
 See. 359. Skins, bides, rags, straw, bedding, and other 
 articles and materials; removal and dis 
 tribution regulated. 
 
 Sec. 360. Houseboats; the use thereof regulated. 
 
 Sec. 361. Boats and other water craft; loud and ex- 
 plosive noises prohibited. 
 
 Sec. 362. Duties of keepers, lessees, tenants, and owners 
 of boarding-houses and lodging-houses. 
 
 Sec. 351. Duties of masters, chief officers, and 
 physicians. — Every master and chief officer of any 
 vessel, and every physician of, or who has practiced 
 on, any vessel, which shall arrive in the port of Xew 
 York from any other port, shall at once report to the 
 Department of Health any facts connected with any 
 person or thing on said vessel, or that came thereon, 
 which he has reason to think may endanger the public 
 health of the City of New York; and he shall report the 
 facts as to any person thereon being or having been sick 
 of an infectious disease, and as to there being or having 
 been thereon during the voyage or since the arrival of any 
 such vessel any infected person or articles. (S. C. Sec. 151.) 
 
 Sec. 352. Vessels from infected ports, or liable to 
 quarantine; not to be brought within three hundred 
 yards of docks or piers unless permitted. — Xo master, 
 charterer, consignee, or other person shall order, bring, 
 or allow (having power and authority to prevent) any 
 vessel or person, or article therefrom, from any infected 
 port, or any vessel, or person or article therefrom, liable 
 to quarantine, according to the ninth section of the three 
 hundred and fifty-eighth chapter of the Laws of 1863 
 (or under any other laws, and whether such quarantine 
 has been made or suffered or not), to come or be brought 
 
136 Sections 353 and 354 
 
 to any point nearer than three hundred yards from any 
 dock, pier, or building, in the City of Xew York without 
 a permit therefor issued by the Board of Health, or other- 
 wise than in accordance with the terms of said permit 
 and with the Regulations of said Board. Nor shall 
 any vessel, or person or thing therein or therefrom, having 
 been in quarantine, come or be brought or be permitted 
 to remain within the last-named distance of any last- 
 named place, without a permit therefor issued by the 
 Board of Health or otherwise than in accordance with the 
 terms of said permit and with the Regulations of said 
 Board. (S. C. Sec. 155.) (As amended by the Board of 
 Health, December 21, 1915.) 
 
 Sec. 353. Vessels not in quarantine; duty of master, 
 chief officers, and consignee to make daily reports. — 
 The master, chief officer, and consignee, of e\*ery vessel 
 not being in quarantine, or within quarantine limits, 
 but being within one-fourth of a mile of any dock, wharf, 
 pier, or building of the City of New York, shall daily 
 report to the Department of Health, or cause to be 
 reported thereto, in writing, the particulars, and shall 
 therein state the name, disease, and condition, of any 
 person in or on such vessel who is sick of any infectious 
 disease. (S. C. Sec. 149.) 
 
 Sec. 354. Removal of persons sick of an infectious 
 disease prohibited. — No person shall bring into the City 
 of Xew York from any infected place, or land at or take 
 into the said City from any vessel lately from an in- 
 fected port, or from any vessel or building in which has 
 lately been any person sick of an infectious disease, 
 any article or person whatsoever, nor shall any such 
 latter person land or come into said City, without a per- 
 mit therefor issued -by the Board of Health or otherwise 
 than in accordance with the terms and conditions of said 
 
Sections 355, 356 and 357 137 
 
 ■rmit; and it shall be no excuse that the person so 
 >ffending, or the article involved in the offense, has 
 >assed through quarantine, or that a permit therefor 
 las been obtained from any other source than the said 
 3oard. (S. C. Sec. 156.) 
 
 Sec. 355. Removal of persons and articles exposed 
 o infectious disease restricted; permit required. — Xo 
 :aptain, officer, consignee, owner, or other person in 
 Jiarge of any vessel (or having right and authority to 
 >revent) shall remove or aid in removing from any vessel 
 o the shore (save as legally authorized by the Health 
 Officer of the Port of New York, and then into quaran- 
 tine grounds and buildings only) any person sick of, or 
 jerson that has been exposed to and is liable very soon 
 .o develop, any infectious disease, or so remove or aid in 
 •emoving any articles that may have been exposed to the 
 :ontagion of any such disease, without or otherwise than 
 n accordance with the terms and conditions of a permit 
 ;herefor issued by the Board of Health. (S. C. Sec. 154.) 
 
 Sec. 356. Straw, bedding, clothing, and other sub- 
 stances; not to be cast into public waters. — No owner, 
 )art owner, charterer, agent, or consignee of any vessel, 
 )r any officer or person having charge or control of the 
 same, shall cast or allow to be cast, therefrom, into any 
 iublic waters of the City of New York, any straw, bedding, 
 Nothing, or other substance. (S. C. Sec. 157.) 
 
 Sec. 357. Births, marriages, and deaths; duty of 
 )fficers, surgeons, and others to report. — The master, 
 ihief officer, ship's surgeon, or the company, corporation, 
 iharterer, or person having the management and control 
 rf any vessel which shall arrive at the port of New York 
 shall report, in writing, to the Department of Health of 
 ;he City of New Yoik, within three days after the arrival 
 )f such vessel, the death or marriage of any resident of 
 
138 Sections 358 and 359 
 
 said City, or the birth of any child, whose parents are 
 residents or parent is a resident of said City, occurring 
 thereon at sea, and shall file in the Bureau of Records oi 
 said Department a transcript of the entry made in the 
 log book of such vessel, in respect to any such death, 
 marriage, or birth. A transcript of any death, marriage 
 or birth filed as aforesaid may be issued, in the discretior 
 of said Department, to any person, entitled to receive 
 the same. (S. C. Sec. 151a.) 
 
 Sec. 358. Discharge of cargo regulated. — No owner 
 agent, or consignee, of any vessel, or cargo, and no office! 
 of any vessel (in respect of either of which vessel or cargo 
 a permit, according to any law, ordinance, or regulatioi 
 shall or should have been obtained to pass quarantine 
 or to come up to the water-front of the City of New York 
 shall unload, or land, or cause to be unladen or landed 
 such cargo, or any part thereof, at any place in said City 
 without or otherwise than in accordance with the term 
 and conditions of a permit therefor issued by the Board o 
 Health. (S. C. Sec. 153.) 
 
 Sec. 359. Skins, hides, rags, straw, bedding, an«j 
 other articles and materials; removal and distributicii 
 regulated. — No master, charterer, owner, part owneij 
 or consignee of any vessel, or any other person, shall brin 
 nearer to any dock, pier, wharf, or building, than on 
 thousand feet therefrom in the City of New York, o 
 unload at any dock, pier, wharf, or building, therein 
 or have on storage in the built-up portions of said City; 
 any skins, hides, rags, or similar articles or materials whic 
 have been brought from any foreign count ry or any in 
 fected place, or from any points south of Norfolk, Vii 
 ginia, without or otherwise than in accordance with th 
 terms and conditions of a permit therefor isstted by th 
 Board of Health, and no person shall sell, exchange, re] 
 
Sections 360 and 361 139 
 
 move, or in any way expose, any straw, bedding, or other 
 articles used by immigrants upon any vessel bringing 
 immigrants to this port, until it shall have been ade- 
 quately and properly cleansed or disinfected; and all 
 straw, bedding, or other articles that have been exposed 
 on any vessel to the contagion or infection of any infecti- 
 ous disease, or have been or are liable to communicate 
 such disease, shall be destroyed by fire on said vessel. 
 (S. C. Sec. 152.) 
 
 Sec. 360. Houseboats; the use thereof regulated. — 
 No houseboat, while used or occupied as such, shall 
 be moored, anchored, or located in the waters of any 
 inlet or bay within the territorial limits of the City of 
 New York, except the upper or lower bay of New York 
 •Harbor, without a permit therefor issued by the Board 
 of Health or otherwise than in accordance with the terms 
 of said permit and with the Regulations of said Board; 
 and no person shall use or occupy for living purposes 
 any such boat so moored, anchored, or located, unless a 
 permit for such boat has been issued as hereinbefore 
 provided, or otherwise than in accordance with the terms 
 •of said permit and the Regulations of said Board. (S. C. 
 Sec. 157a.) 
 
 Sec. 361. Boats and other water craft; loud and 
 explosive noises prohibited. — All boats or other water 
 'craft plying on any of the waters of or adjacent to the 
 City of New York, equipped with a gasoline or other 
 internal combustion engine in which a gas is generated 
 'or used for purposes of propulsion, shall be constructed 
 ■80 that the exhaust from such engine is made to discharge 
 into a muffler or other device which will prevent loud 
 ! Or explosive noises occurring on or about any such boat 
 ' Dr craft ; and no person having the management and con- 
 trol of any such boat or craft, or operating the engine 
 
140 Section '362 
 
 thereon, shall cause, permit, suffer, or allow the exhaust 
 from such engine to discharge into- the open air, or other- 
 wise than into a muffler or other device which will prevent 
 loud or explosive noises occurring on or about any such! 
 boat or craft. (S. C, Sec. 188.) 
 
 Sec. 362. Duties of keepers, lessees, tenants, and! 
 owners of boarding-houses and lodging-houses. — The 
 keepers, lessees, tenants, and owners of every boarding- 
 house and lodging-house shall forthwith notify the Depart- 
 ment of Health of the fact of any seafaring man, or per- 
 son coming lately from any vessel, being taken sick at; 
 such house, and shall, at the same time, inform the said! 
 Department of the premises where such sick person may, 
 be found, and of the name of the vessel from which and; 
 the time when such person came, to the best of the knowl- 
 edge of the person or persons giving such notice and in- 
 formation. (S. C. Sec. 150.) 
 
 I, Charles L. Kohler, Secretary of the Board of Health 
 of the Department of Health of the City of New York, 
 do hereby certify that the foregoing is a true copy of a 
 resolution duly adopted by the Board of Health of the 
 Department of Health of the City of New York on the! 
 31st day of December, 1914, and of the Sanitary Codej 
 of the Board of Health of the Department of Health of 
 the City of New York as revised and amended by the 
 adoption of the said resolution; and of all amendments 
 to the said Sanitary Code duly adopted by the said Board] 
 of Health subsequent to the 31st day of December, 1914. 
 
 In Witness Whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and 
 
 affixed the Seal of the said Department of Health this 
 
 day of , 19 
 
 Secretary. 
 
APPENDIX 
 
 SELECTED PROVISIONS OF THE 
 
 CHARTER 
 
 OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK 
 RELATING TO THE 
 
 DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH 
 
 Sec. 1168. Authority, duty and powers of the board 
 
 of health. 
 Sec. 1169. Duty of board as to enforcement of laws; 
 
 information. 
 Sec. 1170. board of health; powers of removal to 
 
 hospitals of persons sick with contagious 
 
 diseases. 
 Sec. 1171. Repairs of buildings. 
 Sec. 1172. Sanitary code. 
 
 Sec. 1173. Judicial notice of seal and presumptions. 
 Sec. 1174. Seal. 
 Sec. 1176. Proceedings relative to dangerous buildings, 
 
 vessels, places and things. 
 Sec. 1178. Declaration of imminent peril. 
 Sec. 1202. Police department assistance. 
 Sec. 1210. Putrid cargoes may be destroyed. 
 Sec. 1222. Violation of orders, punishment for. 
 Sec. 1262. Violation of department orders, actions for. 
 Sec. 1299. Infected and uninhabitable houses to be 
 
 condemned by board of health. 
 
142 Appendix 
 
 Sec. 1168. Authority, duty and powers of the board 
 
 of health. — The authority, duty and powers of the 
 department of health shall extend over The City of 
 New York, and the waters adjacent thereto, within the 
 jurisdiction of said city, and over the waters of the bay 
 within the quarantine limits as established by law, but 
 shall not be held to interfere with the powers and duties 
 of the commissioners of quarantine or the health officer 
 of the port. It shall be the duty of the department of j 
 health to make an annual report to the mayor of The City j 
 of New York, of all the operations of the department 
 for the previous year. The mayor may at any time call 
 for a fuller report, or for a report, upon any portion of 
 the work of said department, whenever he may deem it 
 to be for the public good so to do. All the authority, 
 duty and powers heretofore conferred or enjoined upon 
 the health departments, boards of health, health and 
 sanitary officers in any of the municipal and public cor- 
 porations or parts thereof, in any of the territory now 
 within or hereafter to become a part of The City of New j 
 York, as constituted by this act, and within the juris- i 
 diction of said city, by chapter seventy-four of the laws 
 of eighteen hundred and sixty-six, and the several acts 
 amendatory thereof, and by any other subsequent laws 
 of this state, and upon the several officers and members! 
 of said boards, by the laws constituting and appointing ; 
 all such departments, boards of health, and sanitary 
 officers and members of said boards, by the laws consti- ■ 
 tuting and appointing all such departments, boards of . 
 health and sanitary officers, and giving and granting toi 
 them, or any of them, duties and powers not inconsistent 
 with the provisions of this act, are hereby conferred upon 
 and vested in and enjoined upon, and shall hereafter be* 
 exclusively exercised in The City of New York by the! 
 
Appendix 1 13 
 
 department of health, and the same are to be exercised 
 in the manner specified in said chapter seventy-four of 
 the laws of eighteen hundred and sixty-six, and the 
 sewral acts amendatory thereof, and by any other sub- 
 sequent laws of the state relative to health and sanitary 
 matters, and the prevention of pestilence and disease 
 in said City of New York, or in any part thereof, 
 and in conformity with the provisions of this act. 
 '(L. 1SS2, ch. 410, Sec. 533; L. 1889, ch. 84; L. 1895, 
 ch. 567.) 
 
 vSec. 1169. Duty of board as to enforcement of laws; 
 information. — It shall be the duty of said board of health 
 to aid the enforcement of, and so far as practicable, to 
 enforce all laws of this state, applicable in said district, 
 to the preservation of human life, or to the care, pro- 
 motion, or protection of health; and said board may 
 exercise the authority given by said laws to enable it to 
 discharge the duty hereby imposed; and this section 
 is intended to include all laws relative to cleanliness, 
 and to the use or sale of poisonous, unwholesome, dele- 
 terious, or adulterated drugs, medicines or food, and the 
 necessary sanitary supervision of the purity and whole- 
 someness of the water supply and the sources thereof 
 for The City of New York. And said board is author- 
 ized to require reports and information at such times 
 and of such facts, and generally of such nature and ex- 
 tent, relative to the safety of life and promotion of health 
 as its by-laws or rules may provide, from all public dis- 
 pensaries, hospitals, asylums, infirmaries, prisons and 
 schools, and from the managers, principals and officers 
 thereof; and from all other public institutions, their 
 officers and managers, and from the proprietors, mana- 
 gers, lessees, and occupants of all theatres and other 
 places of public resort or amusement in said district; but 
 
144 Appendix 
 
 such reports and information shall only be requirec 
 concerning matters, or particulars, in respect of which 
 it may, in its opinion, need information, for the bette: 
 discharge of its duties in said City of New York anc 
 every part thereof. It is hereby made the duty of th 
 officers, institutions, and persons so called on, or referrec 
 to, to promptly give such information and make sue' 
 reports verbally or in writing as may be required by sal 
 board. The board of health shall use all reasonable 
 means for ascertaining the existence and cause of diseas 
 or peril to life or health, and for averting the same 
 throughout the city, and shall promptly cause all prope 
 information in possession of said board to be sent to th 
 local health authorities of any city, village, or town 1 
 this state which may request the same, and shall ad< 
 thereto such useful suggestions as the experience of sai 
 board may supply. It shall be the duty of said boarc! 
 so far as it may be able, without serious expense, to gathe' 
 and preserve such information and facts relating to death; 
 disease and health, from other parts of this state, bu 
 especially in said city, as may be useful in the discharg 
 of its duties, and contribute to the promotion of health 
 or the security of life in the state of New York. It shal 
 be the duty of said board to give all information that ma^ 
 be reasonably requested concerning any threatened dar 
 gei to the public health, to the health officer of the port c 
 New York, and to the commissioners of quarantine c 
 said port; who shall give the like information to sai 
 board; and said board, and said officers and quarantin 
 commissioners shall, so far as legal and practicable 
 co-operate together to prevent the spread of disease, an 
 for the protection of life and the promotion of healtl 
 within the sphere of their respective duties. Said boar 
 may grant bills of health to masters of vessels ceitifyin 
 
Appendix I 15 
 
 to the condition of the city in respect of health. (L. 1.S82, 
 ! ch. 410, Sees. 570, 571 
 
 Sec. 1170. board of health; powers of removal 
 to hospitals of persons sick with contagious diseases. - 
 Said board may remove or cause to be removed to a 
 proper place designated by it, any person sick with a con- 
 tagious, pestilential or infectious disease and designate, 
 provide and pay for the use of places for such persons. 
 "The Board may erect, establish, maintain and furnish 
 in such places within the city as are now used or may 
 hereafter be designated by the board of estimate and 
 apportionment for such purposes, buildings and hospitals 
 for the care and treatment of persons sick with contagious 
 diseases, and shall have exclusive charge and control of 
 all municipal hospitals for the treatment of Asiatic 
 cholera, plague, typhus fever, scarlet fever, yellow fever, 
 measles, diphtheria and smallpox, but this shall not be 
 construed to require the board of health to remove any 
 person suffering from any of these diseases to the hospital 
 tfcherefor, unless in its judgment such removal is necessary 
 for the protection of the public health. With the con- 
 icurrence in writing of the department or departments 
 thereby affected, the board of health shall, from time 
 to time, subject to the approval of the board of estimate 
 and apportionment, designate such hospitals established 
 ■for or actually caring for persons suffering from a pestilen- 
 tial, contagious or infectious disease, as in its judgment, 
 should, in the public interest and for the protection of 
 the public health, be under the exclusive charge and con- 
 trol of the said board of health, and all hospitals so 
 designated maintained by any municipal department 
 or departments, together with the employees of such 
 hospitals, shall upon such designation by the board of 
 health and approval of the board of estimate and ap- 
 
146 Appendix 
 
 portionment, granted after a public hearing, be trans- 
 ferred to the board of healtn and the control and main- 
 tenance thereof shall thereafter be vested in the board 
 of health; provided, however, that the said board of 
 health, with the concurrence in writing of the department 
 or departments thereby affected, may from time to time 
 designate a hospital for the treatment of an infectious 
 disease, other than Asiatic cholera, plague, typhus fever, 
 scarlet fever, yellow fever, measles, diphtheria and small- 
 pox, under the jurisdiction of the board of health as one 
 which may, without danger to the public health, be trans- 
 ferred to the jurisdiction of other municipal authorities 
 authorized by law to establish or maintain public hos- 
 pitals, and such designation, if approved by the board 
 of estimate and apportionment, after a public hearing, 
 shall take effect, and the hospital so designated, together 
 with the employees of such hospital, shall thereupon be 
 transferred to such other municipal authorities as are 
 designated, and the duty of maintaining such hospitals 
 shall thereupon vest in such other municipal authorities. 
 Any municipal authority or hospital corporation main- 
 taining a hospital or ward for the treatment of persons 
 having a contagious or infectious disease may admit to 
 such hospital or ward any person applying for admission 
 thereto, and certified by the physicians of the said hospi- 
 tal to have the disease for which the said hospital or ward 
 is maintained, and each such admission shall be reported 
 immediately by such municipal authorities or hospital 
 corporations to the board of health. The discharge of 
 such person shall also be reported forthwith to the board 
 of health. For the purposes of this section, a pestilential, 
 contagious or infectious disease shall be one declared to be 
 such by the board of health. The board of health shall 
 have power to take possession of, and occupy for tempor- 
 
Appendix I I J 
 
 ary hospitals, any building or buildings in the said city, 
 during the prevalence of an epidemic, it" in the judgment 
 of the board the same may be required, and shall pay for 
 private property so taken a just compensation for the 
 same. Said board may cause proper care and attendance 
 to be given to persons sick or removed, when it shall be 
 made to appear to the said board that any such person 
 is so poor as to be unable to procure for himself such 
 care and attendance, or that the public health requires 
 special medical care and attendance. The board of 
 health may send to such place as it may direct, all aliens 
 and other persons in the city, not residents thereof, who 
 shall be sick of any infectious, pestilential, or contagious 
 disease. The expense of the support of such aliens or 
 other persons shall be defrayed by the corporation of the 
 City of New York, unless such aliens or other persons 
 shall be entitled to support from the commissioners of 
 emigration. No person shall remove any person sick 
 with infectious, contagious or pestilential disease from 
 any vessel or other place in said city without a written 
 permit from the board of health. (As amended by 
 L. 1909, ch. 342.) 
 
 Sec. 1171. repairs of buildings. — The powers of 
 the board of health shall be construed to include the 
 ordering and enforcing in the same manner as other 
 orders are provided to be enforced, the repairs of build- 
 ings, houses, and other structures; the regulation and 
 control of all public markets (so far as relates to the 
 cleanliness, ventilation and drainage thereof, and to the 
 prevention of the sale, or offering for sale, of improper 
 articles therein); the removal of any obstruction, matter 
 or thing in or upon the public streets, sidewalks or places 
 which shall be in its opinion liable to lead to results 
 dangerous to life and health; the prevention of accidents 
 
148 Appendix 
 
 by which life or health may be endangered; and generally 
 the abating of all nuisances. It is hereby expressly 
 declared that the said board of health shall have and 
 possess full and complete power with reference to the 
 ventilation, drainage and cleanliness of the stands or 
 stalls in or around all markets, and said board shall 
 have in said city all common-law rights to abate any 
 nuisance without suit, which can or does in this state 
 belong to any person whatever. (L. 1882, ch. 410, 
 Sec. 538.) 
 
 Sec. 1172. sanitary code. — The sanitary code which 
 shall be in force in The City of New York the first day 
 of January, nineteen hundred and two, and all existing 
 provisions of law fixing penalties for violations of said 
 code are hereby declared to be binding and in force in 
 The City of New York, and shall continue to be so bind- 
 ing and in force, except as the same may, from time to 
 time, be revised, altered, amended, or annulled as herein 
 provided. Provided, however, that so much of this 
 section as declares the sanitary code binding and in force 
 in The City of New York shall not be construed as 
 limiting the storage of fertilizers or the keeping and 
 slaughtering of fowls, cattle and other domestic animals 
 upon premises used for farming in unimproved sections 
 of the city, or as forbidding the ordinary use of country 
 roads in driving such fowls, cattle and other domestic 
 animals. Said board of health is hereby authorized 
 and empowered, from time to time, to add to and to alter, 
 amend or annul any part of the said sanitary code and may 
 therein publish additional provisions for the security of 
 life and health in The City of New York, and confer 
 additional powers on the department of health, not 
 inconsistent with the constitution or laws of this state, 
 and may provide for the enforcement of the said sani- 
 
Appendix 1 19 
 
 tary code by such fines, penalties, forfeitures, or im] 
 ment as may by ordinance be prescribed. The board of 
 health may embrace in said sanitary code all matters 
 and subjects to which, and so far as, the power and 
 authority of said department of health extends, not 
 limiting their application to the subject of health only. 
 Any violation of said sanitary code shall be treated and 
 punished as a misdemeanor. Pecuniary penalties for 
 violation of said sanitary code may be recovered in a civil 
 action in the name of the department of health of The City 
 >of New York, before any justice or tribunal in said city, 
 having jurisdiction of civil actions; and all such justices 
 jand tribunals shall take jurisdiction of such action. 
 Copies of the records of the proceedings of said board 
 of health, of its rules, regulations, by-laws and books and 
 papers constituting part of its archives, now or here- 
 after in force in said city, when authenticated by its 
 secretary or secretary pro tempore, shall be presumptive 
 evidence, and the authentication taken as presumptively 
 correct in any court of justice, or judicial proceeding, 
 when they may be relevant to the point or matter in 
 controversy, of the facts, statements and recitals, therein 
 contained. The sanitary code which is in force May 
 first, nineteen hundred and four, shall constitute a chapter 
 of the code of ordinances of The City of New York. 
 On or before the fifteenth day of May, nineteen hundred 
 and four, the secretary of the said board of health shall 
 file with the city clerk such sanitary code, w r hich filing 
 of the same it shall become a general ordinance of The 
 | City of New York. No amendment to said code adopted 
 by the board of health subsequent to May first, nine- 
 teen hundred and four, shall become valid and effectual 
 until a copy of such amendment, duly certified to be a 
 correct copy by the secretary of the board of health, 
 
150 Appendix 
 
 be filed with the city clerk. Upon so filing, such amend- 
 ment shall become a part of said sanitary code. (As 
 amended by L. 1904, ch. 628, Sec. 3.) 
 
 Sec. 1173. judicial notice of seal and presumptions. 
 — The actions, proceedings, authority and orders of 
 said board of health shall at all times be regarded as 
 in their nature judicial, and be treated as prima facie 
 just and legal. All meetings of said board shall in every 
 suit and proceeding be taken to have been duly called 
 and regularly held, and all orders and proceedings to have 
 been duly authorized, unless the contrary be proved. 
 All courts shall take judicial notice of the seal of said 
 board and of the signature of its secretary and chief 
 clerk. (L. 1882, ch. 410, Sec. 620.) 
 
 Sec. 1174. seal. — The board of health may design 
 and adopt a seal, and use the same in the authentication 
 of its orders and proceedings, commissioning its officers 
 and agents, and otherwise, as the rules of the board 
 may provide. Said board may enact such by-laws, rules 
 and regulations as it may deem advisable, in harmony 
 with the provisions and purposes of this chapter, and not 
 inconsistent with the constitution or laws of this state, 
 for the regulation of the action of said board, its officers 
 and agents, in the discharge of its and their duties, and 
 from time to time may alter, annul or amend the same. 
 (L. 1882, ch. 410, Sec. 584.) 
 
 Sec. 1176. proceedings relative to dangerous build- 
 ings, vessels, places and things. — Whenever any build- 
 ing, erection, excavation, premises, business pursuit, 
 matter or thing, or the sewerage, drainage or ventilation 
 thereof, in said city, shall, in the opinion of said board, 
 whether as a whole or in any particular, be in a condition 
 or in effect dangerous to life or health, said board may 
 take and file among its records what it shall regard as 
 
Appendix 151 
 
 ttfficient proof to authorize its declaration that the same, 
 to the extent it may specify, is a public nuisani 
 langerous to life or health; and said board may ther< 
 later in its records the same as a nuisance, and order 
 the same to be removed, abated, suspended, all 
 or otherwise improved or purified, as said order shall 
 specify; and if any party served with such order (or 
 intended to be according to tlvs chapter) shall, before 
 its execution is commenced, or within three days after 
 such service or attempted service, apply to said board, 
 or the president thereof, to have said order or its 
 execution stayed or modified, it shall then be the 
 duty of said board to temporarily suspend or 
 modify said order or the execution thereof, save 
 in cases of imminent danger from impending 
 pestilence, when said board may exercise extraordinary 
 powers, as herein elsewhere specified, and to give such 
 party or parties together, as the case in the opinion of 
 the board may require, a reasonable and fair opportunity 
 to be heard before said board and to present facts and 
 proofs, according to the rules or directions of said board, 
 against said declaration and the execution of said order, 
 or in favor of its modification, according to the regula- 
 tions of the board; and the board shall enter in its 
 minutes such facts and proofs as it may receive and its 
 proceedings on such bearing, and any other proof it 
 may take; and thereafter may rescind, modify or re- 
 affirm its said declaration and order, and require execution 
 of said original, or of a new or modified order to be made 
 in such form and effect as it may finally determine. 
 Said board may order or cause any excavation, erection, 
 vehicle, vessel, water craft, room, building, place, sewer, 
 pipe, passage, premises, ground, matter or thing in said 
 city or adjacent waters, regarded by said board as in a 
 
152 Appendix 
 
 condition dangerous or detrimental to life or health, to 
 be purified, cleaned, disinfected, altered or improved; 
 and may also order any substance, matter or thing being 
 or left in any street, alley, water, excavation, building, 
 erection, place or grounds (whether such place, where 
 the same may be, is public or private) and which said 
 board may regard as dangerous or detrimental to life 
 or health, to be speedily removed to some proper place 
 and may designate or provide a place to which the same 
 shall be removed, when no such adequate or proper place, 
 in the judgment of said board, is already provided. If 
 said order is not complied with, or as far complied with 
 as said board of health may regard as reasonable, within 
 five days after such service or attempted service, or within 
 any shorter time, which, in case of pestilence, the board 
 of health may have designated, or is not thereafter 
 speedily and fully executed, then any such order may be 
 executed as herein elsewhere provided in regard to any 
 of the orders of said board. And if personal service of 
 any aforesaid order cannot be made under this section 
 by reason of absence from said district, or inability to 
 find one or more of the owners, occupants, lessees or 
 tenants of the subject matter to which said order relates, 
 or one or more of the persons whose duty it was to have 
 done what is therein required to be done, as the case may 
 render just and proper in the opinion of said board; to 
 be shown by the official certificates of the officer having 
 such order to serve, then service may be made through 
 the mail, or by a copy left at the residence or place of 
 business of the person sought to be served, with a person 
 of suitable age and discretion, and the expenses attending 
 the execution of any and all such orders respectively 
 shall be a several and joint personal charge against each 
 of the owners or part owners, and each of the lessees and 
 
A.PPBNDU 153 
 
 occupants of the building, business, place, property, 
 matter or thing to which said order relates, and in respect 
 of which said expenses were incurred; and also against 
 every person or body who was by law or contract bound 
 to do that in relation to such business, place, street, 
 property, matter or thing, which said order requires, and 
 said expenses shall also be a lien on all rent, compensa- 
 tion due or to grow due, for the use of any place, room, 
 building, premises, matter or thing to which said order 
 relates; and in respect of which said expenses were in- 
 curred; and also, a lien on all compensation due or to 
 grow due from the cleaning of any street, place, ground 
 or thing, or for the cleansing or removal of any matter, 
 thing or place, the failure to do which by the party bound 
 so to do, or the doing of the same in whole or in part by 
 order of said board, was the cause or occasion of any such 
 order or expense. Said board of health, its assignee or 
 the party who has, under its order or that of the police 
 board, acting thereunder, incurred said expense, or has 
 rendered service for which payment is due, and as the rules 
 of said board of health may provide, may institute 
 and maintain a suit against any one herein declared liable 
 for expenses as aforesaid or against any person, firm or 
 corporation, owing, or who may owe, such rent or com- 
 pensation, and may recover the expenses so incurred under 
 any order aforesaid. (L. 1882, ch. 410, Sees. 535, 578, 
 630, 631.) 
 
 Sec. 1178. declaration of imminent peril. — In the 
 presence of great and imminent peril to the public health 
 by reason of impending pestilence, it shall be the duty 
 of the board of health, having first taken and filed 
 among its records what it shall regard as sufficient proof 
 to authorize its declaration of such peril, and having duly 
 entered the same in its records, to take such measures, 
 
154 Appendix 
 
 and to do and order, and cause to be done, such acts and 
 make such expenditures (beyond those duly estimated 
 for or provided) for the preservation of the public health 
 (though not herein elsewhere or otherwise authorized) 
 as it may in good faith declare the public safety and 
 health to demand, and the mayor shall in writing approve. 
 But the exercise of this extraordinary power shall also, 
 so far as it involves such excessive expenditures, require 
 the written consent of at least two members of the board 
 of health, and the approval as aforesaid of the mayor. 
 And such peril shall not be deemed to exist except when, 
 and for such period of time, as the board of health and 
 mayor shall declare. (L. 1882, ch. 410, Sec. 580.) 
 
 Sec. 1202. police department Assistance. — It shall 
 be the duty of the police department and of its officers 
 and men, as said department shall direct, to promptly I 
 advise the department of health of all threatening dangers 
 to human life or health, and of all matters thought to 
 demand its attention, and to regularly report to said board 
 of health all violations of its rules, and of sanitary or- 
 dinances, and of the health laws, and all useful sanitary 
 information. And said last-named departments shall, 
 as far as practicable and appropriate, co-operate for thei 
 promotion of the public health and the safety of human 
 life in the city. And it shall be the duty of the police 
 department and the police commissioner, by and through 
 its proper officers, agents and men, to faithfully and 
 at the proper time, enforce and execute the sanitary 
 rules and regulations and the orders of said board of 
 health, made pursuant to the powers of said board of 
 health, upon the same being received in writing and 
 duly authenticated, as said board of health may direct. 
 And said police commissioner is authorized to employ 
 appropriate persons and means, and to make the neces- 
 
Appeni i\ 155 
 
 fcry and appropriate expenditures, for the execution 
 and enforcement of said rule . and regulations; 
 
 and such expenditures, so far as the same may not be 
 refunded or compensated by the means herein elsewhere 
 Provided, shall be paid as the other expenses of said 
 board of health are paid. And in and about the 
 ■on of any order of the board of health «>r of the police 
 commissioner, made pursuant thereto, police officers and 
 policemen shall have as ample power and authority as 
 when obeying any order of or law applicable to the police 
 commissioner, but for their conduct shall be responsible 
 to the police commissioner and not to the board of 
 health. (L. 1882, ch. 410, Sec. 594. 
 
 Sec. 1210. putrid cargoes may be destroyed. — The 
 board of health, when it shall judge it necessary, may 
 cause any cargo, or part of cargo, or any matter, or any 
 thing within the city that may be putrid or otherwise 
 dangerous to the public health, to be destroyed or re- 
 moved; such removal, when ordered, shall be to the place 
 of deposit of offal, dead animals, and refuse matter, or 
 such other place as the board of health shall direct; 
 such removal or destruction shall be made at the expense 
 of the owner or owners of the property so removed or 
 destroyed, and the same may be recovered from such 
 owner or owners, in an action at law, by said board of 
 health. (L. 1S82, ch. 410, Sec. 541.) 
 
 Sec. 1222. violation of orders, punishment for. — 
 Every person who shall violate, or neglect, or refuse to 
 comply with any provision contained in any of the last 
 i three sections, or in the orders made by the board of 
 health, in pursuance thereof, shall be deemed guilty of a 
 misdemeanor, and on conviction thereof, shall be pun- 
 ished by a fine not exceeding two hundred and fifty 
 dollars, or imprisonment not exceeding six months, or 
 
156 Appendix 
 
 both; and all such fines when collected shall be paid to 
 the comptroller. Any violation of the sanitary code 
 shall be treated and punished as a misdemeanor, and the 
 offender shall also be liable to pay a penalty of fifty dollars, 
 to be recovered in a civil action in the name of the 
 department of health of The City of New York. (L. 
 18S2, ch. 410, vSec. 543.) 
 
 Sec. 1262. violation of department orders, actions for. 
 — Whoever shall violate any provisions of this chapter, 
 or any order of said department made under the authority 
 of the same, or by any law or ordinance therein referred 
 to, or shall obstruct or interfere with any person in the 
 execution of any order of the said department, or any 
 order of the police department in pursuance or execu- 
 tion of the orders of the department of health, or wil- 
 fully omit to obey any such order, shall be guilty of a 
 misdemeanor, and be liable to be indicted and punished 
 for such offense; and in cases where it was made a mis- 
 demeanor to do or omit any act or thing, when in the power 
 or authority hereby conferred upon the board of health, 
 or department of health, was exercised by any other 
 board of health, or officers, the omission or doing of such, 
 or a corresponding act or thing, which this chapter 
 requires, or contemplates to be done or forbids, shall 
 in like manner be a misdemeanor, and the offender shall 
 be liable to indictment and punishment for same. A 
 wilful omission or refusal of any individual, corporation, 
 or body to conform to any regulation of said department 
 duly made for the protection of life or the care, promotion, 
 or preservation of health, or the carrying out of the pur- 
 poses of this chapter, pursuant to its power or authority, 
 shall be a misdemeanor, and the person or officers guilty 
 thereof shall be liaole to indictment and punishment as 
 for a misdemeanor. All prosecutions and proceedings 
 
Appendix 157 
 
 against any person for mi r under this chapter 
 
 may be had or tried before any jduge or tribunal having 
 jurisdiction of any misdemeanor within Any 
 
 person, corporation, <»r body which may have wilfully 
 done or omitted any act or thing which is, in this chapter, 
 or by any law or ordinance, or the sanit: r 
 to, declared to be, or to subject the party guilty I 
 to punishment for a misdemeanor, shall in addition 
 thereto, be subject to a penalty of two hundred and fifty 
 dollars, to be sued for and recovered by said department 
 in any civil tribunal in said city. Where in any case 
 the minimum penalty for a refusal to obey, or for a 
 violation of any order, regulation, or ordinance of said 
 department of health, or any law, is not fixed, the amount 
 recovered in such case shall not be less than twenty 
 dollars, and the judge or justice who presided at a trial 
 where such penalty is claimed shall, on said trial, in 
 writing, fix the amount, not contrary to said provisions, 
 of said penalty to be recovered, and shall direct such 
 amount so fixed to be, and it shall be included in the 
 judgment. Any such suit may be against one or more, 
 or all of those who participate in the act, refusals, or 
 omissions complained of, and the recovery may be against 
 one or more of those joined in the action as the justice 
 of the court shall direct. The provisions of this section 
 as to the jurisdiction of tribunals, parties, and costs 
 shall apply to all suits by said department or by the police 
 department under this chapter. All processes and 
 papers usual or necessary in the commencement and prose- 
 cution of actions, or for the collection of money in suits 
 or proceedings under this chapter, on execution, may be 
 served by any policeman, and in and about such matters 
 the policeman so engaged shall have all the pov 
 marshals, and no fees shall be charged by any court, 
 
158 Appendix 
 
 magistrate, or clerk for the issue of any paper or process, or 
 the performance of any duty in suits under this chapter. 
 Any civil action brought under or by authority of this 
 chapter may be brought in any court in said city, having 
 jurisdiction in any civil action to an amount as large 
 as is demanded in such action; and if judgment be 
 rendered for the plaintiff in any amount, costs of the court 
 in which action is brought shall also be recovered, without 
 reference to the amount of the recovery, provided payment 
 was demanded before suit brought, and the defendant 
 or defendants, in the action against whom the recovery 
 is had, did not, as the code of civil procedure authorizes, 
 offer to pay an amount equal to the recovery against 
 him or them, except that in cases where the recovery 
 shall be less than fifty dollars, the amount of costs shall 
 be ten dollars; and in case no recovery is had, the plain- 
 tiffs shall not pay costs unless the judge or justice, at 
 the conclusion of the trial, shall certify in writing that 
 there was not reasonable cause for bringing the action, 
 and in such case the costs shall not exceed ten dollars, 
 unless the amount claimed exceeded fifty dollars. No 
 action shall abate, or right of action already accrued be 
 abolished, by reason of the expiration, repeal or amend- 
 ment- of an ordinance, code or sanitary ordinances, or 
 regulation of said department; nor shall any court lose 
 jurisdiction of any action by reason of a plea that title 
 to real estate is involved, provided the defendant is 
 sought b}^ the pleadings to be charged in said action on 
 any of the grounds mentioned in this chapter, other 
 than by virtue of ownership of such real estate. In 
 respect to all proofs and proceedings by said department, 
 or its agent or officers, under this chapter, papers filed 
 shall be deemed entered upon or in the minutes of the 
 department. 
 
Appendix 159 
 
 Sec. 1299. infected and uninhabitable houses to be 
 condemned by board of health. Whenever 
 be certified to the board of health of Tl 
 York by the sanitary superintendent 
 sanitary superintendent that any building or any part 
 thereof in The City of New York is infected with con- 
 tagious disease, or by reason of want of repair 1 
 come dangerous to life, or is unfit for human habitation 
 because of defects in drainage, plumbing, ventil 
 or the construction of the same, or because of th- 
 ence of a nuisance on tlv ich is likely to 
 cause sickness among its occupants, the said b< . 
 health may issue an order requiring all persons therein 
 to vacate such building or part thereof for the n 
 to be stated therein as aforesaid. Said board shall 
 cause said order to be affixed conspicuously in the building 
 or part thereof and to be personally served on the owner, 
 lessee, agent, occupant, or any person having the charge 
 or care thereof; if the owner, lessee or agent cam 
 found in The City of New York or does not reside therein, 
 or evades or resists service, then said order may be 
 by depositing a copy thereof in the post-office in The 
 City of New York, properly enclosed and. addressed to 
 such owner, lessee or agent at his last known place of 
 business and residence, and prepaying the postage t! 
 such building or part thereof shall, within ten 
 said order shall have been posted and mailed a 
 or within such shorter time, not less than twenty-four 
 hours, as in said order ma; I, bul 
 said board of health, whenever it shall become satisfied 
 that the danger from said building or part then 
 ceased to exist, or that said building lias been repair* 
 to be habitable, may revoke said order. (L. 1882, , HO, 
 vSec. 659; L. 1887, eh. 04; L. 1897, eh. 37^; See. 1 
 
APPENDIX 
 
 PROVISIONS OF THE 
 
 LABOR LAW 
 
 OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK 
 
 ARTICLE 8 
 
 AND OTHER LAWS RELATING TO 
 
 BAKERIES and CONFECTIONERIES 
 
 Sec. 110. Enforcement of article. 
 
 Sec. 111. Definitions. 
 
 Sec. 112. General requirements. 
 
 Sec. 113. Maintenance. 
 
 Sec. 113-a. Prohibited employment of diseased bakers. 
 
 Sec. 114. Inspection of bakeries. 
 
 Sec. 115. Sanitary certificates. 
 
 Sec. 116. Prohibition of future cellar bakeries. 
 
 Sec. 117. Sanitary code for bakeries and confectioneries. 
 
 Penal Law. Sec. 1275. — Violations of provisions of 
 Labor Law. 
 
 (Amended by Laws 1911, ch. 637; Laws 1913, ch. 
 163. In effect May 9, 1913.) 
 
Appendix im 
 
 Sec. 110. Enforcement of Article.- hi . 
 of the first class the health department of BUCh city 
 shall have exclusive jurisdiction to infer. 
 
 of this article. In the application of any 
 
 of this article to any city of the first class, the 
 "commission of labor" or "department of labor" shall 
 be understood to mean the health department < | 
 city. (Amended by Laws 1913, eh. 463. In 
 May 9, 1913.) 
 
 Sec. 111. Definitions. — All buildings, rooms or • 
 used or occupied for the purpose of making, preparing 
 or baking bread, biscuits, pastry, cakes, doughnuts, 
 crullers, noodles, macaroni or spaghetti to be sold or 
 consumed on or off the premises, except kitchens in 
 hotels, restaurants, boarding houses or private res- 
 wherein such products are prepared to be used ai 
 used exclusively on the premises, shall for the purpi se 
 of this article be deemed bakeries. The commi 
 of labor shall have the same powers with respect to the 
 machinery, safety devices and sanitary conditions in 
 hotel bakeries that he has with respect thereto in bakeries 
 as defined by this chapter. In cities of the first cla 
 health department's jurisdiction over hotel bakerie 
 not extend to the machinery safety devices and hours 
 of labor of employees therein. The term cellar 
 used in this article shall mean a room or a part of a build- 
 ing which is more than one-half its height below t ! 
 of the curb or ground adjoining the building (excluding 
 arcaways). The term owner as used in this article 
 be construed to mean the owner or owners of the fr< 
 of the premises, or the lessee or joint of the 
 
 whole thereof, or his, or her or their agent in clo- 
 the property. The term occupier shall be construed 
 to mean the person, firm or corporation in actual 
 
162 Appendix 
 
 of the premises, who either himself makes, prepares or 
 bakes any of the articles mentioned in this section, or 
 hires or employs others to do it for him. Bakeries are 
 factories within the meaning of this chapter, and subject 
 to all the provisions of article six hereof. (Amended by 
 Laws 1911, ch. 637; Laws 1913, ch. 463. In effect 
 May 9, 1913.) 
 
 Sec. 112. General Requirements. — All bakeries shall 
 be provided with proper and sufficient drainage and 
 with suitable sinks, supplied with clean running water 
 for the purpose of washing and keeping clean the utensils 
 and apparatus used therein. All bakeries shall be pro- 
 vided with proper and adequate windows, and if required 
 by the rules and regulations of the industrial board, with 
 ventilating hoods and pipes over ovens and ashpits, or 
 with other mechanical means, to so ventilate same as to 
 render harmless to the persons working therein any steam, 
 gases, vapors, dust, excessive heat or any impurities that 
 may be generated or released by or in the process of 
 making, preparing or baking in said bakeries. Every 
 bakery shall be at least eight feet in height measured 
 from the surface of the finished floor to the under side 
 of the ceiling, and shall have a flooring of even, smooth 
 cement, or of tiles laid in cement, or a wooden floor, so 
 laid and constructed as to be free from cracks, holes and 
 interstices, except that any cellar or basement less than 
 eight feet in height which was used for a bakery on the 
 second day of May, eighteen hundred and ninety-five, 
 need not be altered to conform to this provision with 
 respect to height; the side walls and ceiling shall be 
 either plastered, ceiled or wainscoted. Every bakery 
 shall be provided with a sufficient number of water-closets, 
 and such water-closets shall be separate and apart from 
 and unconnected ' with the bakeroom or rooms when. 
 
Appendix i.,.; 
 
 Bod products arc stored or sold. !. 
 
 ■ill, ch. 637; Lav. L913, : . 163. In i r 
 B13.) 
 
 Sec. Ll3. Maintenance.— All floors, wall 
 ■lelves, furniture,' utensils, . lumb- 
 
 Irains and sewers, in or in connection with 
 or in bakery water-closets and washroon 
 rooms where raw materials in rooms 
 
 where the manufactured product is stored, shall at 
 all times be kept in good repair, and maintained in a 
 Bean and sanitary condition, free from all kinds i 
 min. All interior woodwork, walls and ceiling shall be 
 foainted or limewashed once even,- three months, where 
 So required by the commissioner of labor. 1 
 sanitary receptacles shall be provided and used for 
 storing coal, ashes, refuse and garbage. Receptacles 
 for refuse and garbage shall have their contents r< I 
 from bakeries daily and shall be maintained in a clean 
 and sanitary condition at all times; the use 
 in any form in a bakery or room where raw mat* : 
 manufactured product of such bakery is stor 
 Jiibited. No person shall sleep, or be permitted, allowed 
 or suffered to sleep in a bakery, or in any room where raw 
 material or the manufactured product of such bakery is 
 stored or sold, and no domestic animals or birds, i 
 bats, shall be allowed to remain in any such 
 
 nical means of ventilation when provided, shall 
 tively used and operated. Windows, 
 other openings shall be provided with pro] 
 All employees, while engaged in the manufactur 
 handling of bread shall wear slippers or shoes and suits 
 pf washable material which shall be used for that pur- 
 pose only and such garments shall be kept clean at all 
 times. Lockers shall be provided for the street clothes 
 
164 Appendix 
 
 of the employees. The furniture, troughs and utensils 
 shall be so arranged and constructed as not to prevent 
 their cleaning or the cleaning of every part of the bakery. 
 (Amended by Laws 1911, ch. 637; Laws 1913, ch. 463. 
 In effect May 9, 1913.) 
 
 Sec. 113-a. Prohibited Employment of Diseased Bak- 
 ers. — No person who has any communicable disease 
 shall work or be permitted to work in a bakery. When- 
 ever lequired by a medical inspector of the department 
 of labor, any person employed in a bakery shall submit 
 to a physical examination by such inspector. No per- 
 son who refuses to submit to such examination shall work 
 or be permitted to work in any bakery. (Inserted byi 
 Laws 1913, ch. 463. In effect May 9, 1913.) 
 
 Sec. 114. Inspection of Bakeries. —It shall be the 
 duty of the owner of a building wherein a bakery is 
 located to comply with all provisions of section one hun- 
 dred and twelve of this article, and of the occupier to 
 comply with all the provisions of section one hundred 
 and thirteen of this article, unless by the terms of a valid! 
 lease the responsibility for compliance therewith has 
 been undertaken by the other party to the lease, and a 
 duplicate original lease, containing such obligation, shall 
 have been previously filed in the office of the commissioner 
 of labor, in which event the party assuming the respon- 1 
 sibility shall be responsible for such compliance. The 
 commissioner of labor may, in his discretion, applyi 
 any or all of the provisions of this article to a factory; 
 located in a cellar wherein any food product is manu- 
 factured, provided that basements or cellars used as 
 confectionery or ice-cream manufacturing shops shall not) 
 be required to conform to the requirements as to height! 
 of rooms. Such establishment shall be not less than,, 
 seven feet in height, except that any cellar or basement! 
 
Appendix 166 
 
 so used before October first, nineteen hundn 
 which is more than six Eeet in height need nol 
 to conform to this provision. It' on insp 
 missioner of labor find a bakery or any part thereof 
 to be so unclean, ill-drained or ill-ventilated as to be 
 unsanitary, he may, after not less than forty-eight hours' 
 notice in writing, to be served by affixing the notice on 
 the inside of the main entrance door of said 1 
 order the person found in charge thereof immediately 
 to cease operating it until it shall be properly cli 
 drained or ventilated. If such bakery be the: 
 continued in operation or be thereafter operated 
 it be properly cleaned, drained or ventilated the com- 
 missioner of labor may, after first making and filing in 
 the public record of his office a written order stating the 
 reasons therefor, at once and without further notice 
 fasten up and seal the oven or other cooking apparatus 
 of said bakeiy, and affix tc all materials, receptacles, 
 tools and instruments found therein, labels or conspicu- 
 ous signs bearing the word "unclean." No one but the 
 commissioner of labor shall remove any such seal, 
 la^el or sign, and he may refuse to remove it until such 
 bakery be properly cleaned, drained or ventilated. 
 (Amended by Laws 1011, ch. 037; Laws 1913, cl 
 In effect May 9, 1913.) 
 
 Sec. 115. Sanitary Certifcates. — 1. No person, firm 
 or corporation shall establish, maintain or operate a 
 bakery without obtaining a sanitary certificat 
 the department of labor. Application for such cer- 
 tificate shall be made to the commissioner of 
 by the occupier of the bakery or by the person, firm 
 or corporation desiring to establish or conduct such 
 bakery. The application for a sanitary certificate shall 
 be made in such form and shall contain such information 
 
166 Appendix 
 
 as the commissioner of labor may require. Blank 
 applications for such certificate shall be prepared and 
 furnished by the commissioner of labor. 
 
 2. Upon the receipt of such application for a sani- 
 tary certificate, the commissioner of labor shall cause 
 an inspection to be made of the building, room or place 
 described in the application. If the bakery conforms 
 to the provisions of articles six and eight of this chapter 
 and the rules and regulations of the industrial board, 
 or in any city of the first class if the bakery conforms 
 to the provisions of article eight of this chapter, and to 
 the sanitary code and the rules and regulations of the 
 department of health of any such city, the commissioner 
 of labor shall issue a sanitary certificate for such bakery. 
 Such certificate shall be for a period of one year and shall 
 be renewed annually by the commissioner of labor, 
 if upon reinspection of a bakery it is found to comply 
 with the aforesaid provisions and regulations. Every 
 certificate granted under the provisions of this chapter 
 shall be posted in a conspicuous place in the bakery 
 for which such certificate is issued. 
 
 3. Such certificate may be revoked at any time by 
 the commissioner of labor if the health of the com- 
 munity or of the employees of the bakery require such 
 action, or if an order of the department issued under the 
 provisions of this chapter be not complied with within 
 fifteen days after the service thereof upon the person, 
 firm or corporation charged with the duty of complying 
 with such order. The time for such compliance may be 
 extended by the commissioner of labor for good cause 
 shown, but a statement of the reason for such extension 
 shall be filed in the office of the department of labor 
 as part of the public records thereof. Nothing contained 
 in this subdivision shall be construed to limit in any way 
 
Appi 167 
 
 the power of the commissioner of laboi up an 
 
 unsanitary bakery as provided in section one hui 
 
 and fourteen of this chap 
 \. If an application 
 denied Or if such certificate ' I by th< 
 
 mission er of Labor, he shall file in th< 
 ment of labor as part of the public records ther 
 statement in writing setting forth in detail the n 
 for such denial or revocation. 
 
 5. Applications for sanitary certifical isting 
 bakeries shall be made within four months after this 
 act takes effect, and no such bakery shall be conducted 
 or operated without a sanitary certificate from the 
 department of labor after the first of January, nil 
 hundred and fourteen. In the case of bakeries he: 
 established, the application for a sanitary certificate 
 shall be made within ten days after such bakery shall 
 commence business, and no such bakery shall be 
 ducted or operated without a sanitary certificate for more 
 than thirty days after commencing business. 
 
 6. If a bakery has no sanitary certificate as herein 
 required or if such certificate has been revoked, the 
 commissioner of labor shall, after first making and 
 filing in the public records of his office a written 
 stating the reasons therefor, at once and without further 
 notice fasten up and seal the oven or other cooking ap- 
 paratus of said bakery. No one but the commi 
 
 of labor or his duly authorized representative shall 
 remove any such seal, and he shall not rem* >ve same 
 until a sanitary certificate has been issued to such bakery. 
 (Inserted by Laws 1013, eh. 463. In effect May '.t. 
 1913.) 
 
 Sec. 116. (Chapter 7 ( .»7, amendment enacted July 
 24, 1913.) Prohibition of Future Cellar Bakeries.— No 
 
168 Appendix 
 
 bakery shall hereafter be located in a cellar, and a sani- 
 tary certificate shall not be issued for any bakery so 
 located, unless such bakery shall be at least ten feet in 
 height measured from the surface of the finished floor 
 to the under side of the ceiling, and if the bakery is located 
 or intended to be located entirely in the front part of the 
 building, the ceiling of the bakery shall be in every part 
 at least four feet six inches above the curb level of the 
 street in front of the building, or if such bakery is located 
 or intended to be located entirely in the rear part of the 
 building or to extend from the front to the rear, the 
 ceiling of the bakery shall be not less than one foot 
 above the curb level of the street in front of the build- 
 ing and the bakery shall open upon a yard or courts 
 which shall extend at least six inches below the floor 
 level of the bakery, nor unless proper and adequate pro- 
 visions shall be made for the lighting and ventilation of 
 such bakery and for the proper construction of the floor, 
 walls and ceiling thereof, and plans and specifications 
 for the construction and establishment of such bakery, 
 in such form and covering such matters as the com- 
 missioner of labor may require, shall have been 
 first submitted to and approved by the commissioner 
 of labor. This prohibition shall not apply to a cellar 
 used and operated as a bakery at any time within one 
 year prior to the date of the passage of this act, provided 
 that satisfactory proof of its use as a bakery as herein 
 specified be furnished to the commissioner of labor in 
 such form as he may require within six months after 
 this act shall take effect, nor shall it apply to the cellar 
 of a building in the course of construction on the ninth 
 day of May, nineteen hundred and thirteen, nor to the 
 cellar of a building^ the construction of which was com- 
 menced after the first day of January, nineteen hundred 
 
Appendix [QQ 
 
 and thirteen, and completed on or befon th< oil tl 
 
 pf May, nineteen hundred and thu I that 
 
 siK-li cellar be used and operated as a bakery at any 
 
 prior to the first day of January, nineteen hiindr- 
 fourteen, and that satisfactory proof of the time i 
 construction of such building and of the use of the 
 as a bakery as herein specified he furnished to 
 
 missioner of labor, in such form as he may requii 
 or before the twenty-eighth day of February, nil 
 
 hundred and fourteen. Upon receipt of such proof the 
 commissioner of labor shall issue to the owner of the 
 building in which such cellar is located a certifier 
 exemption. This section shall not prevent the 
 health authorities in any city of the first class from exer- 
 cising any power of regulation now vested in them. 
 
 Sec. 2. This act shall take effect immediately. 
 
 Sec. 117. Sanitary Code for Bakeries and Confection- 
 eries. — All factories wherein any food product is manu- 
 factured shall be kept in a thoroughly sanitary con 
 and shall be properly lighted and ventilated, and all 
 necessary methods shall be employed to protect the food 
 product prepared therein from contamination. The 
 industrial board may adopt rales and regulations for 
 carrying into effect the provisions of this article. Such 
 rules and regulations shall be known as the sanitary 
 code for bakeries and confectioneries and shall not 
 to cities of the first class. (Inserted by Laws 1913, 
 ch. 463. In effect May 9, 1913.) 
 
 Penal Law. — Sec. 1275. Violations of Provisions of 
 Labor Law. — Any person who violates or does not comply 
 with. 6. The provisions of article eight of the 
 law, relating to bakeries and confectioneries; 
 
 Is guilty of a misdemeanor and upon com ; 
 be punished for a first offense by a fine of nut les 
 
170 Appendix 
 
 twenty nor more than fifty dollars; for a second offense 
 by a fine of not less than fifty nor more than two hundred 
 dollars, or by imprisonment for not more than thirty 
 days or by both such fine and imprisonment; for a third 
 offense by a fine of not less than two hundred and fifty 
 dollars, or by imprisonment for not more than sixty 
 days, or by both such fine and imprisonment. 
 
INDEX TO THE SANITARY CODE. 
 
 Abatement of nuisances required h;, 
 
 Accumulating of hones, refuse and offensive materia] regulated 
 
 by permit _' 1 1 
 
 Acetanilid, amount used in drugs to \><- Btated on label 1 16 
 
 Acute anterior poliomyelitis (infantile paralj - . 94, 102, 103 
 
 Address of practising physician to be registered 218 
 
 Adequate ventilation of passenger cars and omnibuses to be 
 
 maintained 
 
 "Adulterated," term defined 152, 173, 175 
 
 Adulterated food, defined 139 
 
 "Adulterated" oysters defined 171 
 
 Affidavit of chemist, analyst or expert 188 
 
 Agent, responsibility as to conduct of food establishments 1 17 
 Agitation of lime, ashes, coal, dry sand, hair, feathers, etc., pro- 
 hibited 
 
 Alcohol, amount used in drugs to be Btated on label 316 
 
 wood (methyl), poisoning to be reported 92, 106 
 
 " sale regulated 1 _' I 
 
 Alcoholic distillation of spirits 
 
 Alloys, treating and refining 
 
 Alteration of buildings regulated, strength, ventilation, lighl and 
 
 sewerage 
 
 Amount of ashes, garbage, etc., in receptacles regulated 248 
 
 Analysis as evidence L88 
 
 Analyst, affidavit of, as evidence 1 ss > 
 
 " analysis by, as evidence 188 
 
 Animal matter, heating, drying, or Btoring nol to be conducted 
 without a permit in the Boroughs of Brook- 
 lyn, Bronx, Queens and Richmond 
 offensive, not allowed on public street or plac< 
 Animals, bedding of, not to be dried on street, sidewalk or roof 242 
 bringing in carcasses of pertain, restricted, exception , 1 7_" 
 cattle ii 
 
 " condemnation and destruction authorized. . . 1 ;7 
 
 cows' tuberculin test, certificate required 18 
 
 dead, boats for, require permit to come to pier, etc 246 
 
 " " disposal of, restricted 
 
172 Index to the Sanitary Code 
 
 Sections 
 
 Animals, dead, dock for removal of not to be obstructed 246 
 
 horses to be tagged 9 
 
 " sick or injured, interference by unauthorized per- 
 sons prohibited 7 
 
 " "or injured, dangerous and detrimental con- 
 ditions in connection with prohibited 8 
 
 diseased or dead, must be removed quickly and in- 
 offensively 243 
 
 diseased or injured animals to be reported and removed. 6 
 
 destruction of diseased or injured animals authorized ... 5 
 
 " " rabid or vicious animals authorized 10 
 
 exposed to or suffering from contagious disease, ex- 
 cluded from city 4 
 
 food and water for 14 
 
 homeless '. 16 
 
 injured, dead, or affected by contagion, to be reported 
 
 and removed 6 
 
 injured or diseased and abandoned, to be destroyed 5 
 
 inspection of carcasses required, exception 172 
 
 keeping of cows regulated 12 
 
 " and disposing of dead, sick or injured animals. . 8 
 
 " killing and sale of, regulated 19 
 
 meat of animals that have died from disease or by 
 
 accident 163 
 
 noise from prohibited 215 
 
 not to be taken upon street or footpath 312 
 
 permit required to yard or keep 11 
 
 pigeons, live, keeping regulated 20 
 
 rabid or vicious, destruction authorized 10 
 
 " " " removal regulated 10 
 
 " " " to be reported 10 
 
 sale regulated 18 
 
 shelter for 16 
 
 sick, dead or injured, prohibiting unauthorized inter- 
 ference 7 
 
 " not to be thrown out 8 
 
 skinning of dead animals prohibited in the Borough of 
 
 Manhattan 323 
 
 slaughtered, not to be taken from market until fully 
 
 cooled and entrails removed 162 
 
 suffering from glanders, farcy and other contagious dis- 
 
 5, not to be retained or exposed 3 
 
Index ro Mi> S>ni i \R\ < '< 'i>i. i 73 
 
 tlODfl 
 
 Animals, Buffering from glanders, farcy ■- > i ■ • 1 othei contagious dis- 
 
 \ eterinariana' reports ... ~ 
 " suffering from <>r exposed to coi 
 
 eluded from city I 
 
 transportation of 1 1 
 
 unfit for use as human food 137 
 
 unmuzzled dogs, prohibited i>n public highways, pai 
 
 17 
 
 vehicles for transporting cattle i"> 
 
 ventilation in connection with 11 
 
 " vicious or rabid, to be reported 10 
 
 Aldermen, to file copy of registry 33 
 
 " keep registry of marriages 
 
 " " register in the Bureau of Records '. 
 
 " " sign certificates of marriage 36 
 
 Anthrax, reporting 86 
 
 Antitoxin, distributed by the Department of Health 121 
 
 labeling of 116 
 
 Apartment, not to be allowed to become a nuisance 1 ^3 
 
 Apartments, when not to be let, hired out or occupied .",1 
 
 Application for permits to contain the truth 1^7 
 
 Area, receptacles for ashes, garbage, etc., to be placed therein. . . . 248 
 
 Arsenic poisoning, reported 92 
 
 Artificial mineral waters, sale of 165 
 
 Ash receptacles not to remain on street when emptied 248 
 
 " " be disturbed 249 
 
 " regulated as to weight and contents 248 
 
 to be kept in the building or in the rear 248 
 
 " " placed in area or within fence, etc 2 18 
 
 Ashes defined 1 
 
 may be delivered to carts direct 251 I 
 
 mixed with offensive matter not to be used to fill in land. . . 252 
 
 not to be mixed with garbage, etc 248 
 
 " " " sieved, agitated or exposed 253 
 
 " " " thrown into privy vault, sink or cesspool 237 
 
 " removal of 250 
 
 to be kept in separate metal receptacles 
 
 transportation of, regulated by permit 
 
 when to be removed by owner, etc 248 
 
 Asiatic cholera, duties of undertakers burying bodies of persons 
 
 who died of 102 
 
 " public funeral prohibited where person died from. 103 
 
174 Index to the Sanitary Code 
 
 Sections 
 
 Asiatic cholera, reporting of, required 86 
 
 Assembly halls to be kept clean, lighted, ventilated and safe- 
 guarded 55 
 
 Attendant at schools, gymnasiums and places of public worship. . 57 
 Auditoriums to be kept clean, lighted, ventilated and safe- 
 guarded • 55 
 
 Automobile not to discharge dense smoke 211 
 
 " noise from, prohibited 229 
 
 Autopsies, finding of, to be reported to Department of Health 
 
 by Chief Medical Examiner 32, 80 
 
 Avenues for driving cattle, etc., in Brooklyn designated 314 
 
 " " " u a « Manhattan designated 316 
 
 " " " " " " The Bronx, Queens and Rich- 
 mond designated 316 
 
 Bacterial organisms, use in inoculation of human beings 120 
 
 Bakeries defined 1 
 
 " (see Labor Law, Appendix.) 
 
 Bakery store, conduct and maintenance 150 
 
 Bales of goods not to be placed where particles from may enter 
 
 street or occupied building 253 
 
 Barber shop, conduct of 335 
 
 Barrels not to be placed where particles from may enter street or 
 
 occupied building 253 
 
 Barring of street to prevent escape of cattle 316 
 
 Barytes, use prohibited in confectionery 139 
 
 Basin, catch, no blood, offal, garbage, etc., allowed to enter therein. 234 
 
 " to be separately trapped 278 
 
 Bath to be separately trapped 278 
 
 Bathing establishments, defined 340 
 
 regulated 340 
 
 " house, at seashore 341 
 
 " suits, to hire 340 
 
 Bathroom, no one permitted to sleep or remain therein 62 
 
 Bath-tub waste, not to connect to watercloset trap 278 
 
 Bay, no sewage, etc., to enter, except below low water 274 
 
 Beating of mats, carpets and cloths prohibited 253 
 
 Bed contents not to be burnt without a permit 242 
 
 Bedding of animals not to be dried on street, sidewalk or roof. . . . 242 
 
 " on vessels, removal and distribution regulated 359 
 
 " prohibiting casting into public waters from vessels 356 
 
 " soiled or dirty, not to be carried in passenger car or 
 
 omnibus 302 
 
Index ro nn Sanitary Code I7fi 
 
 Bedding, soiled, to be carried on front platform 
 
 bus.. 
 Bder saloon, use of common towel prohibited -'i • 
 
 Bells, noise from, prohibited 
 
 es, use of taps, faucets, banks and fountains foi 1 15 
 
 Bichloride of mercurj . Bale regulated 
 Birds, condemnation and destruction authorised . 
 
 " meager, sickly or unwholesome 160 
 
 " noise from prohibited 215 
 
 " unfit for use as human i 1 137 
 
 Births 
 
 Bureau at w hjch to file 
 
 certification of attendance thereat 
 
 data to be file I 
 
 " department at which to file 
 
 duties of midwives 
 
 " " physicians :; ' ■ 
 
 duty of every person presenl to file reporl of 
 
 " " next of kin to file report of 
 
 " parents to file report of 
 
 false certificates of 
 
 statements of 36 
 
 " forbidding forgery of signature 36 
 
 " on vessels to be reported : <">7 
 
 " persons to file copy of report 31 
 
 " " " keep register of 
 
 " " " report 
 
 4 " who shall sign certificates of 
 
 place of filing reports of :; 1 . 357 
 
 " professional assistants thereat 
 
 " time within which to file reprt of 31, 
 
 Bisulphide of carbon poisoning to l>e reported 0:.' 
 
 Blend, use of word in reference to food and drink 139 
 
 Blocking of street prohibited 
 
 Blood, boats removing, require permit to •-'>> to dock 245 
 
 " disposal of, restricted 
 
 " heating, drying or storing not to be conducted withoul :i 
 permit in the Boroughs of Brooklyn, Bronx, Queei 
 
 and Richmond 
 
 Board defined 1 
 
 Board and care ol children 197 
 
 Boarding house, conduct and operation of dining roomi 1 19 
 
176 Index to the Sanitary Code 
 
 Sections 
 
 Boarding house, conduct and operation of kitchens 149 
 
 " " " " " " serving rooms 149 
 
 " defined 1 
 
 " not to be overcrowded 5G 
 
 " owners to report cases of infectious disease com- 
 ing from vessels 362 
 
 " suitable and adequate privies or waterclosets for 284 
 
 Board of Health order shall be complied with 51 
 
 " orders to be complied with 185 
 
 Boats for removal of offal, etc., not to go to pier without permit. . 245 
 " loaded with manure, etc., not to remain at dock without 
 
 permit 242 
 
 " loud noises prohibited from 361 
 
 " not to discharge dense smoke .* 211 
 
 " with garbage, not to remain at dock over twenty-four 
 
 hours 238 
 
 Boilers, discharge from of steam, prohibited 212 
 
 Bone boiling not to be conducted without a permit in the Boroughs 
 
 of Brooklyn, Bronx, Queens and Richmond .... 324 
 
 " prohibited in the Borough of Manhattan 323 
 
 " burning not to be conducted without a permit in the Bor- 
 oughs of Brooklyn, Bronx, Queens and Rich- 
 mond 324 
 
 " prohibited in the Borough of Manhattan 323 
 
 " crushing not to be conducted without a permit in the 
 
 Boroughs of Brooklyn, Bronx, Queens and Richmond. . 324 
 " grinding not to be conducted without a permit in the 
 Boroughs of Brooklyn, Bronx, Queens and 
 
 Richmond 324 
 
 " " prohibited in the Borough of Manhattan 323 
 
 Bones, permit required for collection, transportation, storing or 
 
 exposing of 241 
 
 Booth classed as a building 183 
 
 Bottle's used for holding milk and cream 159 
 
 Boxes not to be placed where particles from may enter street or 
 
 occupied building 253 
 
 Branding cold storage food 72 
 
 Brass ferrule for connection of roof and cast iron leader 283 
 
 Brass poisoning to be reported 92 
 
 " sleeve or ferrule to be used to connect lead with iron pipes. 279 
 
 Breeding places of mosquitoes to be filled, drained or treated 272 
 
 Brick, deposited on street, regulated 313 
 
I mux in i in. S \\i i \k\ ( '« IDE 177 
 
 Brick, material, "r chimney flue-, doI to be 
 or plumbing 
 
 Bricks imt t<> be mixed with business or ho 
 
 Urine not allowed on public Btreel or place 
 
 Bronchia] pneumonia t" I"- reported 
 
 Buffets, conduit and operation of dining rooi - 
 
 u " " kitchens. , , l »'.» 
 
 " •• - Berving rooms ] i*> 
 
 Builders not to allow anything dangerous to be done on build i 
 " " permit nuisance on or about construction work 
 
 ■ to provide temporary privies during construction work 
 " ■ require workmen t<. use temporary 
 
 Building, definition of \<>, 
 
 " not to be allowed to become a iuiisaiK-e . . 183 
 
 " temporary privies to be provided during 
 
 Buildings, construction, alteration, com late 1 
 
 " discharge of cinders, dust, gas, steam and 
 
 odors from, prohibited _' 1_' 
 
 ■ failure to provide heat for 225 
 
 " no dense smoke to be discharged from _' 1 1 
 
 " not to become a nuisance 
 
 " nothing dangerous or prejudicial to life allowed to be 
 
 done therein 52 
 
 ■ permit required to store bones, refuse or 
 
 material therein 
 
 " precautions in demolishing, altering or repairin 
 
 " require receptacles for ashes, garbage, liquid, wast 
 
 etc 
 
 " roofs, skylights, walls and windows thereof to be kept 
 
 in good repair 
 
 " sewer connection for, to be adequate 276 
 
 " sidewalk in front thereof to be kept free and cli 
 
 " spitting upon floor of, forbidden 213 
 
 " used for manufacture of illuminating gas 
 
 " waste, soil and vent pipes in 281 
 
 " when not to be let, hired out, or occupied 
 
 ■ where food or drink is prepared, etc 148 
 
 Bulkhead, boats for removal of offal, etc., not to go to without 
 
 permit 
 
 " for use of offal contractor not to be oh>truete: 
 
 Bureau of Records to register names and addrest sing 
 
 physicians 218 
 
178 Index to the Sanitary Code 
 
 Sections 
 Burials, private and general, procedures in infectious disease. . 102, 103 
 
 Business, dangerous or detrimental to life or health 321 
 
 " not to be allowed to become a nuisance 183 
 
 " offensive or noisome 322 
 
 " place of, suitable and adequate privies or waterclosets 
 
 for." 284 
 
 " waste, not to be mixed with household waste, grass, 
 
 leaves, etc 248 
 
 " waste to be removed daily 248 
 
 Butcher denned 1 
 
 Butcher's refuse not to be brought into the city 239 
 
 " " " " " conveyed through the streets, etc., 
 
 without a permit 239 
 
 Butcher store, conduct and maintenance 150 
 
 Butter, sale of, made from unwholesome, unclean, watered or 
 
 adulterated milk, skimmed milk or cream, prohibited. 151 
 
 " and egg store, conduct and maintenance 150 
 
 Buttermilk, defined 1 
 
 " milk used in preparation of 156 
 
 " quality of product regulated 158 
 
 Cafe, common towel in, prohibited 214 
 
 " conduct and operation of dining rooms 149 
 
 " " " " " kitchens 149 
 
 " a a a a servm g room 149 
 
 Caisson disease to be reported 92 
 
 Calves, sale of meat from, when killed, weighing less than 45 
 
 pounds 160 
 
 " slaughtering regulated 326 
 
 " " without a permit 325 
 
 " the term "dressed" defined 160 
 
 Camps not to be erected without permit 217 
 
 Canal, no sewage, etc., to enter, except below low water 274 
 
 Cannabis indica, sale and distribution regulated 126 
 
 Canned eggs, sale regulated , 331 
 
 Cans, used for holding milk and cream 159 
 
 Carbolic acid, when to be sold 123 
 
 Carbon monoxide poisoning 92 
 
 Carbonated water, permit to manufacture and sell 165 
 
 Carcasses of animals, required to be inspected, exception 172 
 
 Cargo, discharge regulated 358 
 
 Carpets not to be beaten or shaken 253 
 
 Cars for passengers to be cleaned daily 301 
 
[NDBX i" I'll-. S\\ii.\in ( '..i.i. 17'.* 
 
 Cars, Lighting of public required 
 
 ■ loaded with manure, garbage, etc., not to remain withi 
 
 permit 
 
 ■ passenger, do Boiled bedding or clothing to be carrie I in 
 
 railroad passenger, construction 
 
 ■ ■ to b-- adequately ventilated 
 
 " " spitting upon floor of. forbidden 
 
 ■ railway, classed as buildings 183 
 
 ■ soiled clothing or bedding to be carried on front platform 
 
 ■ subway, smoking in, prohibited 216 
 
 ■ surface, heating of during certain months ; 
 Carting manure, swill, ashes, garbage and offal regulated 
 
 " of bones, refuse and offensive material regulated l>y per- 
 mit 241 
 
 Carts containing manure, swill, etc., riot to stand near buildin 
 
 ■ for o ensive material to be cleaned ;: tfa out pro- 
 
 ducing nuisance 244 
 
 " " transportation of manure, swill, ashes, garbage, offal, 
 
 etc ! 
 
 Catch-basin, no solid matter to be washed into 311 
 
 Cattle. 'See Animals.) 
 
 " bringing in carcasses of, restricted, exception 172 
 
 " condemnation and destruction authorised 137 
 
 " de ined 1 
 
 " exposed to contagious diseases excluded from city 4 
 
 " food and water for 14 
 
 inspection of, authorized 136 
 
 8 " carcasses of, required; exception 
 
 " keeping of cows regulated 12 
 
 " overheated, diseased or feverish 161 
 
 " permit required to yard or keep 11 
 
 " slaughtering regulated 
 
 ■ " without a permit 
 
 " suffering from contagious diseases excluded from city 4 
 
 u transportation of 11 
 
 ■ tuberculin test certificate required 13 
 
 " unfit for use as human food 
 
 " ventilation for 
 
 Cats, affected with or exposed to contagious disease " 
 
 Ceilings to be cleaned and whitewashed 
 
 Cellar defined 
 
 Cellars, no one permitted to sleep or remain therein 
 
180 Index to the Sanitary Code 
 
 
 Sections 
 
 Cellars, not to be used as places for sleeping or residence 54 
 
 " permit required to store bones, refuse and offensive ma- 
 terial therein 241 
 
 " walls and ceilings to be cleaned and whitewashed 60 
 
 Cemeteries not to be established without permit 45 
 
 Certificate of registered nurse required • 219 
 
 Certificates, health, regulation governing physical care of school 
 
 children 200 
 
 of births, to be filed by professional attendants 31 
 
 " tuberculin test for cows 11 
 
 Cesspools, contents not to be left standing near occupied build- 
 ing 244 
 
 " contents not to be removed without permit 236 
 
 " to be disinfected before removal 236 
 
 " leaching, allowed under permit 287 
 
 " no offal, ashes, meat, fish, garbage, etc., to be thrown 
 
 therein 237 
 
 " not to be filled within two feet of top 235 
 
 " " discharge into street or public place 235 
 
 " " overflow 235 
 
 " " remain, or be built when avoidable 287 
 
 " sides and bottom to be watertight 287 
 
 " to be emptied before filling with dirt 235 
 
 Change in drainage, sewerage, etc., affecting other premises, 
 
 regulated 275 
 
 Charter. (See Appendix.) 
 
 Cheese, sale of, made from unwholesome, unclean, watered or 
 
 adulterated milk, skimmed milk or cream, prohibited 151 
 
 Chemist, affidavit, as evidence 188 
 
 " analysis by, as evidence 188 
 
 Chickens, permit required to keep live 10, 19 
 
 " kill live 19 
 
 " sell 19 
 
 " sale of live, regulated 19 
 
 Chicken-pox, exclusion of children from school who have 94 
 
 " reporting of, required 86 
 
 Children, board and care, regulated ' 197, 200 
 
 " duties of parents, guardians, etc., regarding vaccination. 199 
 
 " " persons boarding 197 
 
 " exclusion of from school 95 
 
 " medical examination of 200 
 
 " permit required to board 197 
 
[ndex to the Sanitary Code 181 
 
 Children, regulation governing physical care 
 
 " vaccination of. 
 
 Chimney flue, nol to be used to venti • plumbing 
 
 Chloral hydrate, amounl used in drugs to be state I on label 1 16 
 
 sale and distribution regulated .. !-'•'. 
 
 ( Jhloroform, amounl used in Wi-iil'.- to !»■ Btated on label 1 16 
 
 Cholera, Asiatic, duties of undertakers burying bodies of pei 
 
 wlio died of 102 
 
 " " public funeral prohibited where person died from. 108 
 " " reporting of, required 
 
 Chrome yellow, use prohibited in confectionery 
 
 Church, condition of, reflated 57 
 
 " or public funerals forbidden in deaths from certain causes 103 
 
 Cigarettes, lighted, in subway prohibited 216 
 
 ■ manufacture, sorting and handling 
 
 Cigars, lighted, prohibited in subway 216 
 
 " manufacture, sorting and handling .'i.is 
 
 Cinders, discharge of, prohibited 212 
 
 Cisterns not to be filled within two feet of top 
 
 " " " discharge into street or public place 
 
 " " " overflow 
 
 " to be emptied before filling with dirt 
 
 Clam shells to he removed daily 2 17 
 
 Cleaning of public vehicles required and regulated 301 
 
 " " sinks, privy vaults or cesspools not to be done with- 
 out permit 
 
 Cleanliness of all dwellings required 54 
 
 " ■ all premises required 183 
 
 " " fish stores, oyster houses, oyster-saloons required.. _'17 
 
 " " passenger car and omnibus required 301 
 
 " " public places required and regulated 301 
 
 " " roof tanks required 61 
 
 " " schools, gymnasiums and places of public worship 
 
 required 57 
 
 ° " vacant lots required -'">l 
 
 " " walls and ceilings required 60 
 
 u " waterclosets and privies required 284 
 
 Clergymen, duty to file copy of registry 88 
 
 " " " keep registry of marriages 
 
 " " " register with Bureau of Records 35 
 
 ■ " * sign certificates of marriage 
 
 Cloth, not to be beaten or shaken 
 
182 Index to the Sanitary Code 
 
 Sections 
 Cloth, not to be cleaned or hung so as to allow particles to enter 
 
 street or occupied building 253 
 
 Clothing, soiled or dirty, not to be carried inside passenger car or 
 
 omnibus 302 
 
 " soiled, to be carried on front platform of car or omnibus. 302 
 
 Coal not to be sieved, agitated, etc 253 
 
 Cocaine, amount used in drugs to be stated on label 116 
 
 Coffin to be sealed in infectious diseases 102 
 
 Cold storage food, branding, stamping and marking 72 
 
 " " definition 71 
 
 " " kind of food to be stored 72 
 
 " " not to be sold without representing the fact of 
 
 such storage 75 
 
 " " released, not to be returned to cold storage. .. . 74 
 
 " " time same may be kept 73 
 
 Comfort station, common towel in, prohibited 214 
 
 " " public, defined 214 
 
 Communicable diseases, dispensaries for treatment of, regulated. . 223 
 
 Compound, use of word in reference to food and drink 139 
 
 Compressed air illness to be reported 92 
 
 Concentrated condensed skimmed milk, defined 1 
 
 skimmed milk, defined 1 
 
 milk, defined 1 
 
 " permit to sell 155 
 
 Concert hall, common towel in, prohibited 214 
 
 Condemnation and destruction of animals and foods authorized. . 137 
 
 of drugs authorized. 129 
 
 Condensed milk, adulterated 154 
 
 " defined 1 
 
 " permit to sell 155 
 
 " skimmed milk defined 1 
 
 " " permit to sell 155 
 
 Conductor not to carry soiled bedding or clothes in car or omnibus. 302 
 
 Confectionery, adulterated 139 
 
 store, conduct and maintenance 150 
 
 Confiscated drugs, disposal of 127 
 
 Conjuctivitis, Suppurative, schools, dispensaries, institutions and 
 
 physicians to report 91 
 
 Construction of buildings regulated as to strength, ventilation, 
 
 light and sewerage 52 
 
 " passenger cars and omnibuses regulated as to ven- 
 tilation 303 
 
I \l>l- \ hi I hi-. S\\l l IR1 ' )ODE I - • 
 
 Contagious diseases. See Infectious d • i i 
 
 6, B6, 87, 90, 96, 97, 98, 9 I 
 
 ■ " , glanders and farcy in animals 2 
 " in animals cause for their exclus on from i I 
 
 or infectious disease in animal.-, re iuiring re] 
 
 and removal 
 
 Contract, definition of 226 
 
 Contractors, duties of 1 82 
 
 for removal of dead animals, etc . dul • - ol 
 " " " " ofTal not to be obstructed in u» 
 
 dock, etc 
 
 " " removal of offensive matter qo( to take hunt to 
 
 dock without permit 
 
 " not to permit nuisance on <>r about construction 
 
 work 
 
 " to provide temporary privies during construction 
 work 
 
 ■ '• require workmen to use temporary privies 281 
 Conversion of buildings, regulated as to strength, ventilation, light 
 
 and sewerage 
 
 Conveyances, public, spitting upon floor of, forbidden 213 
 
 Copper pipe for roof and leader connection 283 
 
 Copy of spitting section to be posted 213 
 
 Coroners •';-'. BO, 81 
 
 " notification by, to Department two hours before holding 
 
 inquest 80 
 
 " to file certificates of death 32 
 
 " " furnish in writing information at request of Sanitary 
 
 Superintendent 80 
 
 " " give immediately to Department of Health informa- 
 tion relative to deaths 81 
 
 " " notify in writing Department of Health BO 
 
 Corporation defined 214 
 
 Coughing, persons to cover mouth and nose when 
 
 Covers for garbage and liquid waste receptacles required. ... 248 
 
 " for water tanks on roofs required 
 
 Cows, their keeping regulated 12 
 
 " tuberculin test certificate 13 
 
 " skinning not to be conducted withoul a p. rmil in the 
 Roroughs of Brooklyn, Bronx, Queens and Richmond 
 
 " prohibited in the Borough of Manhattan 
 
 Cream, adulterated, denned 162 
 
184 Index to the Sanitary Code 
 
 Sections 
 
 Cream, cleaning of bottles and cans 159 
 
 " defined 1 
 
 " definition of 152 
 
 8 permit to sell 155 
 
 " reconstituted, defined 1 
 
 8 " adulterated, term "adulterated" denned. . . 175 
 
 8 sale regulated 174 
 
 8 " use of receptacles for holding, regulated and 
 
 restricted 176 
 
 " sale of 152 
 
 8 " " unwholesome, unclean, watered or adulterated, pro- 
 hibited 151 
 
 8 seizure and destruction authorized 153 
 
 8 sour, milk used in preparation of 156 
 
 8 " quality of, regulated 158 
 
 " " sale regulated 156 
 
 8 to conform to grade standards 157 
 
 Cremation of dead bodies, permit required 42 
 
 Crematories not to be established without permit 45 
 
 Croup (Diththeria) S6, 94, 102, 103 
 
 Cultures distributed by the Department of Health 121 
 
 Curb stone in front of lot not to be obstructed 53 
 
 Cuspidors to be provided 213 
 
 Custodians, responsibility as to conduct of food establishments. . . 147 
 
 Cyanide, use for fumigating purposes regulated 104 
 
 Daily cleaning of each passenger car and omnibus required 301 
 
 " removal of oyster shells, clam shells, offal, etc., from oyster 
 
 houses etc 247 
 
 Dance hall, common towel in, prohibited 214 
 
 Day nurseries, conduction regulated 198 
 
 8 " permit required to conduct 198 
 
 8 nursery, defined 1 
 
 Dead animals, boats for, require permit to come to pier, etc 245 
 
 " " disposal of, restricted 234 
 
 8 " dock for removal of, not to be obstructed 246 
 
 8 " must be removed quickly and inoffensively 243 
 
 8 "or parts thereof not to be used to fill in land 252 
 
 8 8 to be reported and removed 6 
 
 " bodies of human beings 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45 
 
 " 8 depth of burial 45 
 
 8 " enclosure thereof 42 
 
 8 " not to remain unburied longer than four days 40 
 
I \i>i.\ to i he Sanitary i !ode L85 
 
 Dead bodies doI to be retained or exposed 
 ■ " notification to Departmenl oi Health » l 
 
 " " permil required for interment, cremation or <>t h<r 
 
 disposition \2 
 
 " " permil to t ransporl . . . 
 
 " " removal, burial or other disposition o 3, 12, US 
 
 " " report on disposition of ll 
 
 " " retention longer than four days 10 
 
 " horses to be tagged 9 
 
 " sick or injured animals, detrimental or dangerous conditions 
 
 prohibited 8 
 
 " " or injured animals, prohibiting unauthorized interfer- 
 ence 7 
 
 Deaths 
 
 " autopsy findings to be reported 32 
 
 u causes of to be filed 
 
 " contents of death certificate 
 
 " data required to be filed 
 
 " duties of coroners 32 
 
 " " " " physicians 32 
 
 " " " physicians to register with Bureau of Records. 
 
 " " " " to report 32, 90, 357 
 
 " from certain diseases, public or church funeral prohibited. L03 
 
 " '" infectious diseases to be reported 
 
 " " " " " " " by Medical Exam- 
 iner 80 
 
 " on vessels to be reported 
 
 " physicians to keep registry of 32 
 
 Decaying matter not to be used to fill in land 
 
 Decoctions, fraudulent, distribution prohibited US 
 
 Definitions 1 
 
 " adulterated 152 
 
 " ashes 1 
 
 " bakeries 1 
 
 " bathing establishment 340 
 
 " board 1 
 
 " boarding house •. 1 
 
 " butcher 1 
 
 " buttermilk 1 
 
 " calves, "dressed" ]r.n 
 
 " cattle 1 
 
 ° cellar 1 
 
186 Index to the Sanitary Code 
 
 Sections 
 
 Definitions, cold storage food 7 
 
 " concentrated condensed skimmed milk 
 
 " " milk 
 
 " " skimmed milk 
 
 " condensed milk 
 
 " " milk, adulterated 154 
 
 " " skimmed milk 1 
 
 " contract 225 
 
 " cream 1, 152 
 
 " " adulterated 152 
 
 " day nursery 
 
 " department 
 
 dirt 
 
 " dried milk 
 
 " dried skimmed milk 
 
 " drugs . . . .' 116 
 
 " eggs; spots and spot eggs 33 
 
 " evaporated condensed skimmed milk 
 
 " " milk 
 
 " " skimmed milk 
 
 factory 1, 143 
 
 fish ". . . . . 
 
 " food 
 
 " " adulterated 139 
 
 " " misbranded 139 
 
 " garbage 
 
 " infectious disease 
 
 light 
 
 " lighted 
 
 lodging house 
 
 manufactory 
 
 meat 1, 163 
 
 " malted milk 
 
 " milk 
 
 " " adulterated 152 
 
 " modified milk 1, 155 
 
 "not sound" 163 
 
 permit 
 
 " person 
 
 pestilential disease 
 
 " physician 
 
 " private market 
 
Index to the Sanitary Code 1^< 
 
 Sectiona 
 
 Definitions, public laundry 1 
 
 proprietary and patent medicine 117 
 
 public place '. 1. 143 
 
 reconstituted cream 1 
 
 milk 1 
 
 restaurant 149 
 
 skimmed milk 1, 173 
 
 Bweetened concentrated milk 1 
 
 u " condensed milk 1 
 
 " " skimmed milk 1 
 
 ■ " evaporated milk 1 
 
 refuse 1 
 
 " report 1 
 
 rubbish 1 
 
 " Baid Board 1 
 
 " saloon 1 
 
 stable 1 
 
 " streets 1 
 
 " theatre 1 
 
 " vegetables 1, 163 
 
 Delay of use of dock by contractor for removal of offensive mat- 
 ter, prohibited 246 
 
 Deleterious substances, not to be used as food 141 
 
 Delicatessen store, conduct and maintenance 150 
 
 Delivery of ashes, garbage, refuse and rubbish, may be made direct 
 
 to cart 250 
 
 Dense smoke, prohibited 211 
 
 Department, defined 1 
 
 " of Street Cleaning, to remove ashes, garbage, waste, 
 
 etc 248 
 
 " store, common towel in, prohibited 214 
 
 « defined 214 
 
 Deposit, offensive or deleterious 332 
 
 Depositing of dirt, brick and other material on street, regu- 
 lated 313 
 
 Depot, spitting upon floor of, forbidden 213 
 
 Destruction and condemnation of foods, authorized 137 
 
 " of animals, authorized in (danders, farcy, etc 3 
 
 " animals, injured and diseased 5 
 
 " ■ drugs authorized 129 
 
 ' " rabid or vicious animals, authorized 10 
 
 Diagnostic laboratories regulated 105 
 
188 Index to the Sanitary Code 
 
 Sections 
 Dining rooms, conduct and operation where food or drink is prepared 149 
 
 Denitrobenzine poisoning to be reported 92 
 
 Diphtheria (Croup) 86, 94, 102, 103 
 
 Dirt, boat removing, requires permit to go to dock 245 
 
 ." defined 1 
 
 deposited on street, regulated 313 
 
 " dock for removal of, not to be obstructed 246 
 
 " dump, regulated by permit 242 
 
 " mixed with offensive matter, not to be used to fill in land. . . 252 
 
 " must be removed quickly and without offense 243 
 
 " not to be dumped in built up sections of the city 242 
 
 " " " " raked or piled in street 243 
 
 " protection of food from 142 
 
 " to be removed from passenger car and omnibus daily 301 
 
 Dirty clothing or bedding, not to be carried in passenger car or 
 
 omnibus 302 
 
 " clothing or bedding, to be carried on front platform of car 
 
 or omnibus 302 
 
 Discharge of sewage, etc., into waters of the city, to be below 
 
 low water 274 
 
 Disease, use of live bacterial organisms in the inoculation of 
 
 human beings for treatment of 120 
 
 Diseased animals, must be removed quickly and inoffensively .... 243 
 
 " or injured animals, to be destroyed 5 
 
 " « « « « « reported and removed 6 
 
 , acts promoting their spread forbidden 100 
 
 dispensaries for treatment of communicable, regulated. . 223 
 
 infectious, animals affected with, to be removed 6 
 
 " cases of on vessels, removal prohibited 354 
 
 " deaths from required to be reported 90 
 
 " duty of boarding and lodging house owners 
 
 to report cases of 362 
 
 infectious, duty of every person to report 87 
 
 " " " hospitals and physicians to report ... 86 
 
 " or contagious, in animals, to be reported 6 
 
 " institutions required to isolate persons affected 
 
 with 96 
 
 infectious, isolation of persons affected with 89 
 
 " on vessels liable to quarantine, vessels not to 
 
 dock without a permit 352 
 
 infectious, on vessels not quarantined, daily reports re- 
 quired 353 
 
[ndex to nil': Sanitary Codk L89 
 
 Sections 
 Diseases, infectious, persons having, aol to engage in manufac- 
 turing in tenmenl houses (»<» 
 
 " infectious, removal <»f persons affected with, regulated. . 98 
 
 " " " " " having, authorized !)7 
 
 " occupational, hospitals, institutions, dispensaries, and 
 
 physicians required to reporl 92 
 
 " pestilential, defined 1 
 
 ■ quarantine of persons suffering with infectious, required, 89 
 " venereal, circulars re, to be delivered to persons suffer- 
 ing with, by physicians 88 
 
 Disinfection and renovation of premises, furniture, etc 101 
 
 " of contents of sinks, privy vaults, cesspools, etc., 
 
 F required 236 
 
 " " contents of temporary privies, required 285 
 
 Dispensaries, for communicable diseases, regulated 223 
 
 " to report occupational diseases and injuries 92 
 
 " " puerperal septicaemia " suppurative con- 
 junctivitis 91 
 
 " superintendent's duty to report venereal disease. ... 88 
 Dock, boats for removal of offal, etc., not to go to, without per- 
 mit 245 
 
 " for use of offal contractor, not to be obstructed, etc 246 
 
 " manure, etc., pile thereon, regulated by permit 242 
 
 " street sweepings not to be deposited on, without a permit. . 252 
 
 Dogs, exposed to contagion 4 
 
 " mad, Department of Health to be notified of 10 
 
 " " destruction of authorized 10 
 
 " " removal of, regulated 10 
 
 " not to commit nuisance 227 
 
 " unmuzzled, prohibited 17 
 
 " vicious or rabid 10 
 
 Drain, no tank overflow to discharge in 280 
 
 " not to be vented by brick, sheet metal, earthenware, chim- 
 ney flue 282 
 
 " pipe from refrigerator not to connect with soil or waste 
 
 pipe 280 
 
 " from refrigerator to discharge into a proper sink 280 
 
 ■ pipes, joints in cast iron, how made 279 
 
 " to be adequate for purpose 276 
 
 Drainage, changes in affecting other premises, regulated 275 
 
 " not to become a nuisance 183 
 
 " of salt marsh land, inland swamps, lots, etc., required.. 272 
 
190 Index to the Sanitary Code 
 
 Sections 
 Drainage, to discharge into waters of the city below low 
 
 water 274 
 
 Drains, to be kept in good order and repair 277 
 
 Dressing, of hides aDd leather without permit 328 
 
 Dried eggs, sale of, regulated 331 
 
 " milk, defined 1 
 
 " skimmed milk, defined 1 
 
 Drink, condemnation and destruction, authorized 137 
 
 " not to be sold under false name or quality 140 
 
 " unfit for use as human food 137 
 
 " use of taps, faucets, tanks, and fountairs for 145 
 
 Drug addiction, deemed a pestilential disease 1 
 
 Drugs, adulterated ^ 116 
 
 " condemnation of, authorized 129 
 
 " confiscated, disposal of 127 
 
 " definition 116 
 
 " false or misleading statements 116 
 
 " fraudulent distribution prohibited IIS 
 
 " habit forming 126 
 
 " " " use of considered a pestilential disease 1 
 
 a inspection of, authorized 136 
 
 " misbranded 116 
 
 " possession of, prima facie, deemed to be held for sale for 
 
 human use 138 
 
 " proprietary and patent medicines 116 
 
 " " medicine, distribution of samples regulated .. . 119 
 
 " purity of 116 
 
 " quality 116 
 
 " standard of strengths 116 
 
 Ducks, keeping, killing, and sale regulated 19 
 
 Dust, discharge of, prohibited 212 
 
 " not to enter street, etc., from building being demolished, 
 
 etc 253 
 
 " protection of food from 142 
 
 " removal by suction devices 339 
 
 Duties of parents, guardians, etc., regarding vaccination 199 
 
 " " persons, boarding and caring for children 197 
 
 " " " conducting day nurseries 19S 
 
 « « « practicing midwifery 19S 
 
 " " physicians and midwives as to certification of births. . . 31 
 " " " " " to certify to professional 
 
 attendance at birth 31 
 
Index to the Sanitary Code 101 
 
 Section* 
 Duties, of physicians, midwives, parents and othera to file rep 
 
 31, 33 
 " " " and midwives, to keep register of births. 31,33 
 
 " " principals, teachers, physicians, regarding physical care 
 
 of school children 200 
 
 Duty, of contractors, etc., relative to cleaning streets 311 
 
 " " railroad company operating cars or omnibuses; relative 
 
 to heat 304 
 
 Dwelling, suitable and adequate privies or waterclosets for 284 
 
 Dwellings, requirements for use of buildings as 54 
 
 ' to be sufficiently lighted, ventilated, provided, accom- 
 modated and wholesome 5-4 
 
 Dysentry (epidemic) 86 
 
 Earth, not to be mixed with business or household waste 248 
 
 Earthenware material, or chimney not to be used to ventilate 
 
 sewers or plumbing 282 
 
 Eating utensils, to be properly cleansed 144 
 
 " " use in common prohibited 143 
 
 Egg and Butter Store, conduct and maintenance 150 
 
 Eggs, adulterated 331 
 
 blood ringed 331 
 
 " broken yolked 331 
 
 " canned, sale regulated 331 
 
 8 dried, sale regulated 331 
 
 " frozen, sale regulated 331 
 
 " not to be sold under false name or quality 140 
 
 " partially hatched 331 
 
 " spot and spot eggs, sale prohibited 331 
 
 " unsound 331 
 
 " veined 331 
 
 Elevated railroad, spitting thereon forbidden 213 
 
 Employers, duties 337 
 
 Enclosure, classed as a building 183 
 
 Enforcement of orders, not to be hindered l v 'i 
 
 8 " ordinance 1S4 
 
 Engines, discharge of cinders, dust, gas, steam or offensive od - 
 
 prohibited 212 
 
 Engine, not to discharge dense smoke 211 
 
 Entrails, to be removed from animals killed 1G2 
 
 Epidemic Cerebro-Spinal Meningitis 86, 94, 102, 103 
 
 Septic Sore Throat 86 
 
 Erection, classed as a building 1 83 
 
192 Index to the Sanitary Code 
 
 Sections 
 
 Erection, not to be allowed to become a nuisance 183 
 
 Estuary, no sewage, etc., to enter except below low water.. 274 
 
 Eucaine, Alpha or Beta, amount used in drugs to be stated on 
 
 label 116 
 
 Evaporated condensed skimmed milk, denned 1 
 
 " milk, defined 1 
 
 " skimmed milk, defin ed 1 
 
 Evidence, of chemist, etc., presumptive 188 
 
 Examination, by chemist, etc., in evidence 188 
 
 " of school children 200 
 
 Examinations by inspectors, not to be hindered 186 
 
 Excavated lot, to be fenced 251 
 
 Excavation, mosquitoes not to be permitted to breed in 272 
 
 " no blood, offal, garbage, etc., allowed therein 234 
 
 " to be filled or drained 272 
 
 Execution of Board Orders, not to be hindered 186 
 
 Expectoration, receptacles to be provided for 213 
 
 Expert, investigation by, as evidence 188 
 
 Exposing animals with glanders, etc., not permitted 3 
 
 " of bones, refuse and offensive material, regulated by 
 
 permit 241 
 
 " " lime, ashes, dry sand, hair, feathers, etc., prohibited.. 253 
 
 Exposure to contagious diseases, of animals 4 
 
 Factory, defined 1, 143 
 
 " floor, spitting thereon forbidden 213 
 
 " not to be overcrowded 56 
 
 " refuse, to discharge into waters of the city below low 
 
 water 274 
 
 " suitable and adequate privies or waterclosets for 2S4 
 
 " to be kept clean, lighted, ventilated, and safe-guarded.. . 55 
 
 " where food or drink is manufactured, etc 47 
 
 False certificates of births, deaths and marriages, forbidden 36 
 
 " reports of births, deaths and marriages, forbidden 36 
 
 " statements as to births, deaths and marriages 36 
 
 prohibited 187 
 
 Farcy; duty of veterinary surgeon 2 
 
 Fat, heating, drying, or storing not to be conducted without a 
 permit in the Boroughs of Brooklyn, Bronx, Queens and 
 
 Richmond 324 
 
 " rendering and melting, regulated 329 
 
 " not to be conducted without a permit in the Bor- 
 oughs of Brooklyn, Bronx, Queens, and Richmond 324 
 
I\di x to the Sanitary Code !'.>■') 
 
 Faucets, use Eor any beverage or drink 145 
 
 Feathers, not to be - '■'• ed, agitated, etc 253 
 
 Feet, to be remove I from animals kill*- 1 162 
 
 Fence, required around sunken and excavated lots 251 
 
 I'd rule, brass, for connection of root and casl iron leader 283 
 
 ■ to be used to connect lead with iron pipe 279 
 
 Ferryboat, Bpitting upon floor of, forbidden 213 
 
 Ferryboats, ''leaning of, regulated 301 
 
 " lighting of public, required 305 
 
 Ferryhouse, common towel in, prohibited 214 
 
 " spitting upon floor of, forbidden 213 
 
 Fibers, removal by Buction devices 339 
 
 Filling in land with offensive or unwholesome material, prohibited. 252 
 
 Filth, must be removed quickly and without offense 243 
 
 " not to enter waters of the city above low water 274 
 
 " to be removed from passenger car and omnibus daily 301 
 
 Filthy garbage, refuse or rubbish, not to be delivered during day 
 
 time 250 
 
 Fish, boiling without permit, not permitted in the Boroughs of 
 
 Brooklyn, Bronx, Queens, and Richmond 324 
 
 " condemnation and destruction, authorized 137 
 
 " defined 1 
 
 ■ manner of keeping 8 
 
 " meager, sickly or unwholesome 160 
 
 " not to be sold under false name or quality 140 
 
 " " " " thrown into privy vault, sink or cesspool 237 
 
 " smoking and preserving 330 
 
 " stores; shells of oysters, clams, etc., to be removed daily. . . 247 
 
 " conduct and maintenance 150 
 
 " unfit for use as human food 137 
 
 Flagging in front of lot, not to be obstructed 53 
 
 Flag-stones, to be kept free of water and ice 271 
 
 Flies, not to have access to contents of privies 286 
 
 """" « « u u temporary privies 285 
 
 " protection of food from 142 
 
 Float, loaded with manure, etc., not to remain at dock witout 
 
 permit 242 
 
 Floor, damp, room with, not to be used as a place for sleeping or 
 
 residence 54 
 
 " spitting thereon forbidden 213 
 
 Flue, chimney, not to be used to ventilate sewers or plumbing.. . . 282 
 
 Food, adulterated 139 
 
194 Index to the Sanitary Code 
 
 Sections 
 
 Food, cold storage, definition 71 
 
 " " " not to be sold without representing the fact 
 
 of such storage 75 
 
 " " storage, when released not to be returned to cold 
 
 storage 74 
 
 " condemnation and destruction, authorized 137 
 
 " defined 1 
 
 " inspection of, authorized 136 
 
 " for cattle 14 
 
 " establishments, to be maintained in clean condition 147 
 
 " gelatin, sale of adulterated or misbranded, prohibited 178 
 
 " " terms adulterated and misbranded, defined 178 
 
 " misbranded 139 
 
 " not to be deposited within two feet of any sidewalk, street, 
 
 or alley, or other public place 142 
 
 " " to be sold under false name or quality 140 
 
 " poisoning, groups of cases to be reported 93 
 
 " possession of, prima facie evidence of intent to sell 138 
 
 " time same may be kept in cold storage 73 
 
 " to be protected from dust, dirt, and flies 142 
 
 Food unfit for human consumption 137 
 
 Footpath, no animal or vehicle to be taken on 312 
 
 Foundling keepers, regulations governing board and care of 
 
 children 197 
 
 Foundlings, regulations governing board and care 197 
 
 Fountains, use of for beverages or drinks 145 
 
 Fowl, condemnation and destruction, authorized 137 
 
 " keeping, killing and sale, regulated 19 
 
 " meager, sickly, or unwholesome 160 
 
 " permit required to keep live 10, 19 
 
 " slaughtering -n ithout a permit 325 
 
 " unfit for use as human food 137 
 
 Frozen eggs, sale of, regulated 331 
 
 Fruit, not to be sold under false name or quality 140 
 
 " and Vegetable Store, conduct and maintenance 150 
 
 Fumes, removal by suction devices 339 
 
 Fumigation with cj-anide regulated 104 
 
 Funerals, public or church, prohibited after deaths from certain 
 
 diseases 103 
 
 Furnace, discharge from, of cinders, dust, gas, steam or offensive 
 
 odors, prohibited 212 
 
 Furniture disinfection '. 101 
 
Index to the Sanitary CorE 195 
 
 Section 
 
 Galvanized wrought iron pipes, connections of, how made 279 
 
 Garbage, boats for, require permit to go to pier 245 
 
 " denned 1 
 
 " disposal of, restricted 234 
 
 " dock for removal of, not to be obstructed 246 
 
 " in carts, not to be left near occupied building 244 
 
 " u Richmond Borough, may be mixed with household 
 
 waste other than ashes 248 
 
 " may be delivered direct to proper carts 250 
 
 " must be removed quickly and without offense 243 
 
 " not to be brought into the city 239 
 
 a " " " conveyed through the streets, etc., without a 
 
 permit 239 
 
 " " to be accumulated in built up section of the city. . . 242 
 
 " " " " mixed with ashes, etc 248 
 
 " " " " stirred so as to emit foul odors 242 
 
 " u " * thrown into privy vault, sink or cesspool 237 
 
 u u u u thrown on vacant lot 251 
 
 « ■ " " used to fill in land 252 
 
 " " " lie raked or piled in street 243 
 
 " " " remain at dock over twenty-four hours 238 
 
 " on boats, not to remain at dock without permit 242 
 
 " " cars, not allowed to stand in city without permit. . . . 242 
 
 " receptacles, not to be disturbed 249 
 
 ■ " " " remain on street when emptied 248 
 
 ° receptacles, regulated, as to weight and contents 24S 
 
 " " to be covered when outside of building 248 
 
 « " " u kept in building or in rear 248 
 
 " " " " placed in area or within fence, etc. . . . 248 
 
 ■ received and transported on boats, in accordance with 
 
 regulations 238 
 
 " removal of 250 
 
 " storing, piling or dumping, regulated by permit 242 
 
 " to be kept in separate metal receptacles 248 
 
 " transportation of, regulated by permit 240 
 
 " when to be removed by owner 248 
 
 Garments, particles therefrom, not to enter street or occupied 
 
 building 253 
 
 Gas, discharge of, prohibited 212 
 
 " escape of 333 
 
 " illuminating, manufacture of 333 
 
 * ■ " regulated and restricted 333 
 
196 Index to the Sanitary Code 
 
 Sections 
 
 Gas, natural, poisoning 92 
 
 " offensive or deleterious 332 
 
 " pipes, to be kept in good order and repair 277 
 
 Gases, not to escape from plumbing or gas pipes 277 
 
 " removal by suction devices 339 
 
 Gas House, disposition of refuse matter 333 
 
 Gathering of bones, refuse and offensive material, regulated by 
 
 permit 241 
 
 Geese, permit required to keep or yard 11 
 
 " live, their keeping, killing, and sale regulated 19 
 
 " permit required to keep 10, 19 
 
 Gelatine. (See Food Gelatin.) 
 
 German Measles 86, 94 
 
 Glanders 86 
 
 " farcy, etc., in animals, to be reported by veterinarians.. 2 
 
 " " " not to be retained or exposed 3 
 
 " horses to be tested for 21 
 
 Glue making, not to be conducted without a permit in the Bor- 
 oughs of Brooklyn, Bronx, Queens, and Richmond 324 
 
 Goats, permit required to keep or yard 11 
 
 Gongs, noise from, prohibited 228 
 
 Gonorrhoea 88 
 
 " circulars to be distributed to persons suffering with. . 88 
 
 Goods, not to be placed where particles from enter street or 
 
 occupied building 253 
 
 Grass, not to be mixed with business or household waste 248 
 
 Graves, not to be opened without permit 45 
 
 Grease, heating, drying, or storing, not to be conducted without 
 a permit in the Boroughs of Brooklyn, Bronx, Queens, and 
 
 Richmond 324 
 
 Grill rooms, conduct and operation of dining rooms 149 
 
 8 " " kitchens 149 
 
 " u " " " " serving rooms 149 
 
 Grocery store, conduct and maintenance 150 
 
 Ground, no blood, offal, garabage, etc., allowed to go therein 234 
 
 " not to be allowed to become a nuisance 183 
 
 " offensive; a permit to disturb required 232 
 
 " " when to be disturbed 232 
 
 " over cesspool, etc., to be secure against saturation 287 
 
 Grounds, street sweepings not to be deposited on without a per- 
 mit 252 
 
 Guardians, duties of regarding vaccination 199 
 
Index to the Sanitary Code 197 
 
 Guardians, regulations governing board and care of children 197 
 
 ■ « ■ physical care of school children. 200 
 Gut cleaning, not to be conducted without a permit in the Bor- 
 oughs of Brooklyn. Bronx. Queens, and Richmond 
 
 Gutter, no water or ice to collect therein 
 
 " not to be obstructed 313 
 
 Gutters, rain water, construction of 283 
 
 ■ to be cleaned and how 311 
 
 Gymnasium, condition thereof, regulated 57 
 
 Hair, not to be sieved, agitated or exposed 
 
 dyers, and other toilet preparations, regulated 128 
 
 : Hall, assembly, to be kept clean, lighted, ventilated and safe- 
 guarded 55 
 
 " common towel, in, prohibited 214 
 
 I" of tenement house; spitting thereon forbidden 213 
 " " worship: condition of, regulated 57 
 
 1 Harbor, no sewage, etc., to enter except below low water 27-1 
 
 ! Hay, bedding of animals, not to be dried on street, sidewalk or 
 
 roof 242 
 
 i " not to be burnt without a permit 242 
 
 i Health, duties in respect to 181 
 
 ■ certificate, regulating physical care of school children .... 200 
 
 Heat, failure to provide 225 
 
 Heating, of cars and omnibuses at certain times, regulated 304 
 
 Hedge-cuttings, not to be mixed with business or household waste 24 S 
 
 Heroin, amount used in drugs, to be stated on label 116 
 
 Hide curing, not to be conducted without a permit in the Boroughs 
 
 of Brooklyn, Bronx, Queens and Richmond 324 
 
 Hides on vessels, removal and distribution regulated 32S 
 
 ■ tanning, skinning, scouring or dressing regulated 328 
 
 Homogenized products, sale of 152 
 
 Hookworm disease 86 
 
 Horses, dead, to be tagged 9 
 
 ■ not to go upon sidewalk or footpath 312 
 
 ■ permit required to yard and keep 11 
 
 ■ " ' slaughter 327 
 
 ■ selling of horse flesh prohibited 327 
 
 " slaughtering regulated 327 
 
 Horse skinning, not to be conducted without a permit in the 
 Boroughs of Brooklyn, Bronx, Queens, and 
 
 Richmond 324 
 
 " " prohibited in Borough of Manhattan 323 
 
198 Index to the Sanitary Code 
 
 Sections 
 
 Horse shoeing establishments regulated 342 
 
 Horses to be tested for glanders 21 
 
 Hospitals, duty of superintendents of, to report cases of venereal 
 
 diseases 88 
 
 " "to report infectious diseases 86 
 
 " permits for, required 220 
 
 " required to isolate persons having infectious diseases. . . 96 
 " " " report puerperal septicaemia and suppura- 
 tive conjunctivitis 91 
 
 " to report groups of food poisoning cases 93 
 
 " u a occupational diseases and injuries 92 
 
 Hotel, conduct and operation of dining rooms 149 
 
 " " * " a kitchens 149 
 
 " " " " " serving rooms 149 
 
 " floor; spitting thereon forbidden 213 
 
 Houseboats, their use regulated 360 
 
 House-drains, to be kept in good order and repair 277 
 
 Household ashes, garbage, etc., when to be removed by owner, 
 
 etc : 248 
 
 " waste, not to be mixed with business waste, grass, 
 
 leaves, etc 248 
 
 " " other than ashes, may be mixed, in Borough of 
 
 Richmond 248 
 
 House-sewers, to be kept in good order and repair 277 
 
 Houses, failure to provide heat for 225 
 
 Humidity, proper degree of, to be maintained, in theatres, factor- 
 ies, workrooms, etc 55 
 
 Hydrant waste pipe, to be separately trapped 278 
 
 Hydrants, care of 169 
 
 Ice, not to be allowed to gather on curb, flagstone or sidewalk.. . . 271 
 
 Icebox, not to connect with soil or waste pipe 280 
 
 " to discharge into a proper sink 280 
 
 Ice cream, adulterated; term adulterated defined 177 
 
 " " manufacture and bringing into city regulated 170 
 
 " " misbranded; term misbranded defined 177 
 
 " " sale of adulterated or misbranded prohibited 177 
 
 Imitation, use of word in reference to food and drink 139 
 
 Implements for handling offensive material, to be cleaned and 
 
 stored without offense 244 
 
 Improvements, to be made within time set 185 
 
 Infectious disease, defined 1 
 
 " diseases, acts prompting their spread, forbidden 100 
 
Index to the Sanitari Code 199 
 
 Sections 
 Infectious diseases, cases of on vessels, removal prohibited 354 
 
 ■ B deaths from, reported 90 
 
 ■ ■ duty of every person to report 87 
 
 " * ■ hospitals and physicians to report. ... 86 
 
 ■ " employment of persons suffering from in food 
 
 establishments 146 
 
 " " isolation of persons affected with 89 
 
 " " institutions required to isolate persons affected 
 
 • with 96 
 
 " " lodging house keepers to report cases of, from 
 
 vessels 362 
 
 " " Medical Examiner to report facts re deaths 
 
 from 80 
 
 * "on vessels, liable to quarantine; vessels not to 
 
 dock without a permit 352 
 
 " " " vessels not quarantined, daily reports re- 
 quired 353 
 
 " ' persons having, not to engage in manufactur- 
 ing in tenement houses 99 
 
 quarantine of persons suffering with, required. 89 
 
 ■ u removal of persons affected with, regulated. . . 98 
 " " a persons having, authorized 97 
 
 " (or contagious) diseases, in animals, to be reported and 
 
 animals removed 6 
 
 Influenza, to be reported S6 
 
 Injured, sick or dead animals; prohibiting unauthorized interfer- 
 ence 7 
 
 Inland swamp, mosquitoes not to be permitted to breed in 272 
 
 " swamps, to be filled or drained 272 
 
 Inoculation of human beings, with bacterial organisms 120 
 
 Inside of each passenger ear and omnibus, to be cleaned daily. . . . 301 
 
 Inspection of carcasses of certain animals, required; exception. . . 172 
 
 " of food authorized 136 
 
 Inspections, by inspectors not to be hindered 1S6 
 
 " governing physical care of school children 200 
 
 Inspectors, work of, not to be interfered with or obstructed 1S6 
 
 Institution, for care of sick, requires a permit 220 
 
 Institutions, permit required to conduct 220 
 
 required to isolate persons having infect 9. 96 
 
 ' to report occupational diseases or injuries 92 
 
 ■ " report puerperal septicaemia and suppurative con- 
 junctivitis. 91 
 
200 Index to the Sanitary Code 
 
 Sections 
 Interference, of unauthorized persons, prohibited; dead, sick or 
 
 injured animals 7 
 
 with an inspector or agent 186 
 
 " department officers, prohibited 104 
 
 " posted notice, prohibited 189 
 
 " use of dock by contractor for removal of offen- 
 sive matter, prohibited 246 
 
 Investigation, by chemist, etc., in evidence 188 
 
 Iron pipes, cast; how joints ir> must be made . . : 279 
 
 " pipe; galvanized, wrought; connections of; how made 279 
 
 Islands, not to be filled with offensive or unwholesome material. . 252 
 
 Isolation, of persons affected with infectious disease, required. ... 89 
 " " suffering with infectious diseases, required in 
 
 institutions 96 
 
 Ivy, poison 221 
 
 Joint, between roof and rainleader, how made 283 
 
 Joints, in drain, soil and waste pipes, how made 279 
 
 " wiped, overcast, calked, screw, when used 279 
 
 Kitchens, conduct and operation, where food or drink is prepared, 
 
 etc 149 
 
 Kumyss, milk used in preparation of 156 
 
 " quality of product regulated 158 
 
 Labor Law, bakeries. (See Appendix.) 
 
 Laboratories, diagnostic, regulated 105 
 
 Lambs, sale of meat from, when killed less than eight weeks old.. 160 
 
 Lampblack, manufacture of 332 
 
 Land, not to be filled in with offensive or unwholesome material. . 252 
 
 Laundries, regulated 336 
 
 Lavatory, common towels in, prohibited 214 
 
 " public, defined 214 
 
 Laws of the State, to be obeyed. 184 
 
 Leaching cesspools, privy vault or cesspool, requires permit 287 
 
 Lead pipe, connections of, how made 279 
 
 " " " with iron pipe 279 
 
 " " for roof and leader connection 283 
 
 " poisoning, required to be reported 92 
 
 " to be used to fill joints in cast iron 279 
 
 Leader, cast iron, how connected to roof 283 
 
 Leaders, not to be used as soil waste or vent pipes, or to connect 
 
 to 2S3 
 
 " rain water, construction of 283 
 
 " when and where fo be trapped 283 
 
Imii \ ro mi. Sanitary Com-: 201 
 
 Sections 
 Leakix) for holding ashes, garbage and liquid waste, 
 
 prohibited 248 
 
 [teaks, in gas, water and plumbing pipes, to be prevented l'77 
 
 Leather, tanning, Bkinning, and Bcouring or dressing, regulated. . 238 
 
 Leaves, not to be mixed with business or household waste _M^ 
 
 Leprosy, to be reported 86 
 
 Lessee, duties of 54 
 
 liability for nuisance or violation of Sanitary Code 51 
 
 " not to allow premises to become a nuisance 53 
 
 ■ of building, not to allow anything dangerous to be done. . 52 
 
 ■ prohibited from letting unsanitary building as dwelling or 
 
 lodging 54 
 
 " to abate nuisance or prevent violation of Sanitary Code. . 51 
 
 ■ " comply with orders of the Board of Health 51 
 
 Life, duties in respect to 181 
 
 Light, defined 1 
 
 ■ of buildings, to be adequate 52 
 
 " to be provided for theatres, and auditoriums, assembly 
 
 halls, factories, workrooms, stores and offices 55 
 
 Lighted, defined 1 
 
 Lighting, of dwellings to be sufficient 54 
 
 " " public vehicles, required 305 
 
 ■ " waterclosets and privies, required 284 
 
 Lightshaft, sewer or cesspool connected leader near, to be trapped. 283 
 
 Lime, not to be sieved, agitated or exposed 253 
 
 " making, not to be conducted without a permit in the Bor- 
 oughs of Brooklyn, Bronx, Queens, and Richmond. . . . 324 
 Liquid, foul or offensive, to enter waters of the city below low 
 
 water 274 
 
 u from building, not to cross sidewalk or curb 271 
 
 " offensive, not permitted on premises 231 
 
 " waste, not to be mixed with ashes 248 
 
 ■ " receptacle for, not to be disturbed 249 
 
 8 ■ " " to be covered when outside of build- 
 ing 248 
 
 " " removal of 250 
 
 ■ " to be kept in separate metal receptacles 24S 
 
 •Liquids, stinking or noxious, not allowed on public street or 
 
 place 233 
 
 Liquor saloon, common towel in, prohibited 214 
 
 Living, in tent or camp without permit, prohibited. . . 217 
 
 Loading, of carts, etc., »vith offensive matter, regulated 244 
 
202 Index to the Sanitary Code 
 
 Sections 
 Loading, of dead animals, etc., to be done quickly and without 
 
 offense 243 
 
 Lobar pneumonia to be reported 86 
 
 Lobster shells, to be removed daily 247 
 
 Locomotive engine, discharge from, of cinders, dust, gas, steam or 
 
 offensive odors, prohibited 212 
 
 " " not to discharge dense smoke 211 
 
 Lodging-house, defined 1 
 
 " floor; spitting thereon, forbidden 213 
 
 " not to be overcrowded 56 
 
 " " regulated 334 
 
 " suitable and adequate privies or waterclosets for. . 284 
 " "to report receipt of infectious disease cases from 
 
 vessels 362 
 
 Lot, excavated or sunken, to be fenced 251 
 
 " no garbage, refuse or offensive material to be thrown in 251 
 
 " not to become a nuisance 53 
 
 " sidewalk, etc., in front thereof to be kept free and clear 53 
 
 " street sweepings not to be deposited on without a permit. . . . 252 
 
 " sunken, mosquitoes not to be permitted to breed in 272 
 
 " " to be filled or drained 272 
 
 " to be kept clean and free of water 251 
 
 Lunch rooms, conduct and operation of dining rooms 149 
 
 " " a a u a k;i tc hens 149 
 
 " " a u a a gervm g r00 ms 149 
 
 Magistrates, duty to file copy of register 33 
 
 " " " keep registry 34 
 
 " " " register with Bureau of Records 35 
 
 " an s ig n certificates of marriages 36 
 
 Malarial fever, to be reported 86 
 
 Malted milk, defined 1 
 
 Manufactories, suitable and adequate privies or waterclosets for. . 2S4 
 
 Manufactory, defined 1 
 
 Manufacturing forbidden in tenement houses, in presence of in- 
 fectious disease 99 
 
 Manure dump, regulated by permit 242 
 
 " " within 300 feet of church, etc., requires a permit. . 242 
 
 " in carts, etc., not to be left near occupied building 244 
 
 " manufacturing materials 324 
 
 " not to be dumped or piled in built up sections of the city. 242 
 
 u a. u . a stuped s0 as t emit foul odors 242 
 
 " on boats, not to remain at dock without permit 242 
 
Index to the Sanitary Code 203 
 
 Sections 
 Manure Oil car, not allowed to stand in city without permit 242 
 
 ■ transportation of, regulated by permit 240 
 
 Marriages 33, 34, 
 
 ■ copies of registry to be filed 33 
 
 ■ data to be reported 34 
 
 ■ duties of clergymen, magistrates, and other per- 
 
 sons 33, 34, 35, 36 
 
 " on vessels, to be reported 357 
 
 person performing same to register 35 
 
 " registry of, to be kept 34 
 
 ■ when and where to file copy of registry 33 
 
 Marsh land, mosquitoes not to be permitted to breed in 272 
 
 ■ " to be filled or drained 272 
 
 Master, duties of in schools, etc 57 
 
 Mat, not to be beaten or shaken so as to create nuisance 253 
 
 Material, deposited on street, regulated 313 
 
 ■ offensive, permit required for collection, transportation, 
 
 storing, or exposing 241 
 
 " offensive, to enter waters of the city below low water. . . 274 
 
 " transportation of, regulated by permit 240 
 
 Materials, particles therefrom not to enter street or occupied 
 
 building 253 
 
 " prohibited, for vents of sewers or plumbing 282 
 
 Matter not to be allowed to become a nuisance 1S3 
 
 ■ offensive animal or vegetable; disposal of, restricted 234 
 
 " " boats removing, require permit to go to dock. . 245 
 " ■ in carts, etc., not to be left near occupied build- 
 ing 244 
 
 " not allowed to be dumped or piled without per- 
 mit 242 
 
 " to be allowed on public street or place 233 
 
 " " lie raked or piled in street 243 
 
 " " " " be thrown on vacant lot 251 
 
 " " * " be used to fill in land 252 
 
 u on boats, not to remain at dock without permit. 242 
 
 " " cars, not allowed to stand in city without 
 
 permit 242 
 
 u offensive, to be disinfected before removal 236 
 
 u " " removed quickly and without offense 243 
 
 Mattress, contents not to be burnt without a permit 242 
 
 Matzoon, milk used in preparation of 156 
 
 " quality of pioduct regulated 158 
 
204 Index to the Sanitary Code 
 
 Sections 
 
 Measles, children having, to be excluded from school 94 
 
 8 public funeral prohibited of persons who die of 103 
 
 8 to be reported 86 
 
 Meat, condemnation and destruction authorized 137 
 
 defined 163 
 
 8 healthy, fresh, sound and wholesome 163 
 
 " of animals that died from disease or by accident 163 
 
 " offensive, disposition of, restricted 8 
 
 8 offensive, keeping restricted 8| 
 
 " not to be sold under false name or quality 140 
 
 8 " " " taken from market until cooled and entrails re- 
 moved 162 
 
 8 " to be thrown into privy vault, sink, or cesspool 237 
 
 " smoking and preserving 330 
 
 " unfit for use as human food 137 
 
 Mechanical means of ventilation, to be provided in theatres, fac- 
 tories, work rooms, etc 55 
 
 Medical examination of school children 200 
 
 8 Examiners 32, 80 
 
 duties of 32, 80 
 
 to file certificates of death 32 
 
 " " " report to Department of Health findings of 
 
 autopsies 80 
 
 " inspection of school children 200 
 
 Medicine, fraudulent distribution prohibited 118 
 
 8 proprietary or patent, adulterated 116 
 
 " sold or given away upon prescription of physician 117 
 
 Meningitis, epidemic cerebro-spinal, children to be excluded from 
 
 school who have 94 
 
 8 epidemic cerebro-spinal, public funerals prohibited of 
 
 remains of persons who died of 103 
 
 (epidemic cerebro-spinal and tuberculous) to be re- 
 ported 86 
 
 8 epidemic, cerebro-spinal, undertaker's duties in bury- 
 ing bodies of persons who died of 102 
 
 Merchandise, not to be placed where particles from may enter 
 
 street or occupied building 253 
 
 Mercury, bichloride of, sale regulated 125 
 
 " poisoning, to be reported 92 
 
 Metal receptacles for ashes, garbage, etc., required 248 
 
 8 sheet, or chimney, not to be used to ventilate sewers or 
 
 plumbing . . ._ 282 
 
Index to the Sanitary Code 205 
 
 Sections 
 
 Mel lis, treating and refining 332 
 
 Method of cleaning streets and gutters, regulated -'ill 
 
 Methyl alcohol (or wood naphtha) poisoning 92 
 
 " " Bale regulated 124 
 
 Midwifery, duties of persons practicing 198 
 
 practice regulated 196 
 
 Midwives, duties of 198 
 
 " duty of, to report births 31, 33, 36 
 
 " regulations for practice 190 
 
 " to keep rejristry of births 31, 32, 33 
 
 Milk, adulterated, defined 152 
 
 ■ cleaning of bottles and cans 159 
 
 " concentrated, defined 
 
 " " condensed skimmed, defined 
 
 " " skimmed, defined 
 
 " condensed, defined 
 
 " condemnation and destruction authorized 13 
 
 " condensed, and condensed skimmed 154 
 
 " " skimmed, defined 
 
 " defined 
 
 " dried, defined 
 
 " " skimmed, defined 
 
 " evaporated, defined 
 
 " " condensed skimmed, defined 
 
 " " skimmed, defined 
 
 " grades and designations 156 
 
 " curds, sale of 152 
 
 ■ healthy, fresh, sound and wholesome 163 
 
 " inspection of, authorized 136 
 
 " malted, defined 1 
 
 ■ modified, defined 1 
 
 " reconstituted, defined 1 
 
 " " receptacles used for holding, regulated, and 
 
 restricted 176 
 
 " reconstituted, sale regulated 174 
 
 " " term adulterated defined 175 
 
 " skimmed, adulterated distribution prohibited, term adul- 
 terated defined 173 
 
 ■ skimmed, defined 1, 173 
 
 " " sale of unwholesome, unclean, watered or adul- 
 terated, prohibited 151 
 
 " skimmed, seizure and destruction authorized 153 
 
206 Index to the Saxitary Code 
 
 Sections 
 
 Milk, sweetened condensed, denned 1 
 
 " " " skimmed, denned 1 
 
 " " concentrated, denned 1 
 
 " sweetened evaporated, defined 1 
 
 " not to be sold under false name or quality 140 
 
 " permit to sell 155 
 
 " sour, quality regulated 158 
 
 " seizure and destruction authorized 153 
 
 " store, conduct and maintenance 150 
 
 " swill, or milk from cows fed on swill 151 
 
 " temperature of 152 
 
 " to conform to grade standards 157 
 
 " unfit for use as human food 137 
 
 8 unwholesome, unclean, watered or adulterated 151 
 
 " used in preparation of sour milk 156 
 
 Mineral waters, permit to manufacture 165 
 
 " " sale of 165 
 
 Misbranded drugs 116 
 
 food, defined 139 
 
 " oysters, defined 171 
 
 Misfeasance 1S1 
 
 Misleading statements in applications, prohibited 187 
 
 Modified milk, defined 1, 155 
 
 " " permit to sell 155 
 
 Morphine, amount used in drugs to be stated on label 116 
 
 " sale and distribution regulated 126 
 
 Mosquitoes, breeding places of, to be filled, drained or treated.. . . 272 
 
 Motor vehicles, noise from, prohibited. 229 
 
 " vehicle, not to discharge dense smoke 211 
 
 Mumps, exclusion of children having, from school 94 
 
 " to be reported 86 
 
 Mutilation of posted notice, forbidden 1S9 
 
 Muzzles, dogs to wear 17 
 
 Name of practicing physician, to be registered 218 
 
 Natural mineral waters, sale of 165 
 
 Neglect to comply with regulation or order, a violation 1S4 
 
 Negligence, responsibility for 181 
 
 Newspapers, to be bundled or secured before. placing for removal. 24S 
 
 Next of kin, duty to file report of birth 31 
 
 Night-soil, dock for removal of, not to be obstructed. . .• 246 
 
 " must be removed quickly and without offense 243 
 
 " not to discharge into street, public place, or waters. . . 235 
 
I \Di.\ ro the Sanitary Code 207 
 
 Sections 
 
 Night-soil, i" !"• disinfected before removal 238 
 
 Noise, from automobiles and motor vehicles, prohibited 229 
 
 bells, gongs, etc., prohibited -'-' s 
 
 " " birds and animals, prohibited 215 
 
 explosive on vessels, prohibited 361 
 
 Noisome, trades and businesses 322 
 
 Non-compliance with provisions of Sanitary Code 182 
 
 Nonfeasance 181 
 
 Notice, not to be mutilated or interfered with 189 
 
 " of change in sewer connection, etc., affecting other premises 275 
 
 Notices forbidding Bpitting, to be posted 213 
 
 Nuisance, caused by loud explosive noises from automobiles, pro- 
 hibited 229 
 
 " caused from bells or gongs prohibited 228 
 
 " declared by Board resolution 185 
 
 " liability of owner, lessee, tenant and occupant for 51 
 
 " not to be caused by discharge of sewage, etc 274 
 
 " " " " committed by dogs 227 
 
 " " " " "by workers during construction 
 
 work 285 
 
 " of discharge of cinders, dust and offensive odors, pro- 
 hibited 212 
 
 " who shall prevent or abate 51 
 
 Nuisances, to be abated 1S3 
 
 8 " " " within time set 185 
 
 " and conditions dangerous to health and life, forbidden. 53 
 
 Nurse, registered, defined 219 
 
 " who shall use title 219 
 
 Nurseries, day, regulated 198 
 
 " permit required to conduct day 198 
 
 " required to isolate persons having infectious diseases. . . 96 
 
 " rules governing conduct of day nurseries 19S 
 
 Oakum, to be used to fill joints in cast-iron pipes 279 
 
 Obedience of orders, required 184 
 
 Obstructing an Inspector or agent prohibited 186 
 
 " s1 reet, prohibited 312 
 
 Obstruction of dock used by contractor for removal of offensive 
 
 matter, prohibited 246 
 
 " ■ free flowage along gutter, prohibited 313 
 
 Obstructions in drains, soil-pipes and sewer connections, to be 
 
 prevented 276 
 
 " " sewers, to be prevented 273 
 
208 Index to the Sanitary Code 
 
 Sections 
 
 Obstructions in vent pipes, to be prevented , . ' 277 
 
 Occupant, liability for nuisance or violation of Sanitary Code .... 51 
 
 " not to allow premises to become a nuisance 53 
 
 " of building, not to allow anything dangerous to be done. 52 
 
 " responsibility as to conduct of food establishments. . . . 147 
 
 " to abate nuisance or prevent violation of Sanitary Code. 51 
 
 " " comply with order of the Board of Health 51 
 
 Occupational diseases to be reported 92 
 
 Occupations, dangerous or detrimental to life or health 321 
 
 Ocean bathing, regulated 341 
 
 Odors from offensive matter in ground 232 
 
 " not to escape from piumbing 277 
 
 " offensive, discharge of prohibited 212 
 
 " from privy or watercloset, not to enter any 
 
 premises 284 
 
 " offensive and prejudicial to health in room, require that its 
 
 use for sleeping or resident purposes be prevented. ... 54 
 
 Offal, boats for, require permit to go to pier 245 
 
 " boiling of, prohibited in the Borough of Manhattan 323 
 
 " butchers' disposal of, restricted 234 
 
 " contractor; duties of, relative to bringing boats to dock, etc . 245 
 
 " " not to be obstructed in use of dock, etc 246 
 
 " dock, not to be obstructed, etc 246 
 
 " clump, regulated by permit 242 
 
 " from fish, to be removed daily 247 
 
 " in carts, etc., not to be left near occupied buiiding 244 
 
 " must be removed quickly and without offense 243 
 
 " not to be brought into the city 239 
 
 " a a a conveye( j through the streets, etc., without a 
 
 permit 239 
 
 " " to be piled in built up section of the city 242 
 
 " " " " thrown into privy vault, sink or cesspool 237 
 
 " on boats, not to remain at dock without permit 242 
 
 " " cars, not allowed to stand in city without permit 242 
 
 " transportation of, regulated by permit 240 
 
 " boiling, not to be conducted without a permit in the Bor- 
 oughs of Brooklyn, Bronx, Queens and Richmond 324 
 
 Offensive animal matter, heating, drying, or storing, not to be 
 conducted without a permit in the Boroughs of 
 
 Brooklyn, Bronx, Queens, and Richmond 324 
 
 " garbage, refuse or rubbish, not to be delivered during 
 
 daytime 250 
 
Imm.x ro i m: Sanitary Code 209 
 
 - tionfl 
 Offensive material, in carts, etc., doI to be left near occupied 
 
 building 244 
 
 material, not to !><■ thrown on vacant lot 251 
 
 u ' permit required for collection, transportation, 
 
 storing or exposing 241 
 
 ■ material, to enter waters of the city below law water. 27 i 
 " matter, boats removing, require permit to go to dock. _' 15 
 " " not allowed on public street or place 233 
 
 ■ " to be thrown into street, sewer, river, ex- 
 cavation, etc 234 
 
 ■ ■ not to be used to fill in land 252 
 
 " ■ ■ " lie raked or piled in street 243 
 
 " "on boats not to remain at dock without permit. 242 
 
 ■ " * cars, not allowed to stand in city without 
 
 permit 242 
 
 " matter, to be disinfected before removal 230 
 
 " " " " removed quickly and without offense 243 
 
 ■ odors, discharge of, prohibited 212 
 
 ■ " from privy or watercloset, not to enter any 
 
 premises 284 
 
 " substance, not allowed to be dumped or piled, without 
 
 permit 242 
 
 " trades and businesses 322 
 
 " vegetable matter; heating, drying, or storing not to be 
 
 conducted without a permit in the Boroughs of 
 
 Brooklyn, Bronx, Queens, and Richmond 324 
 
 " water or other liquid, not permitted on premises 231 
 
 Office, not to be overcrowded 56 
 
 ■ suitable and adequate privies or waterclosets for 2S4 
 
 Officers of Health Department, not to be interfered with or 
 
 obstructed 104 
 
 Offices to be kept clean, lighted, ventilated, and safeguarded 55 
 
 Oil, boiling of 332 
 
 Omission of contractor to comply with provisions of the Sanitary 
 
 Code 182 
 
 Omnibus, heating of, during certain months 304 
 
 " passenger, construction 303 
 
 " " no soiled bedding or clothing to be carried in. 302 
 
 ■ " to be adequately ventilated 303 
 
 " « a o c i eanet | daily 301 
 
 " soiled clothing or bedding to be carried on front plat- 
 form 302 
 
210 Index to the Sanitary Code 
 
 Sections 
 
 Opium, amount used in drugs to be stated on label 116 
 
 " sale and distribution regulated 126 
 
 Order of the Board of Health 185 
 
 " " " " " " shall be complied .vith 51 
 
 " " " " " " to be obeyed 184 
 
 Orders of the Board to be executed 186 
 
 Ordinances, obedience to, required 184 
 
 Ores, treating and refining 332 
 
 Organisms, bacterial, use of in inoculation of human beings 120 
 
 Overcast joint, when used 279 
 
 Overcrowding, prohibited 56 
 
 Overflow from tank, to discharge on roof or into tank 280 
 
 " pipe, from tank not to discharge into soil or waste pipe, 
 
 watercloset, drain or sewer 280 
 
 Owner, duties of 54 
 
 " liability for nuisance or violation of Sanitary Code 51 
 
 " not to allow premises to become a nuisance 53 
 
 " of building, not to allow anything dangerous to be done . . 52 
 " prohibited from letting insanitary building as dwelling or 
 
 lodging 54 
 
 " prohibited from renting cellar for dwelling or lodging 54 
 
 " responsibility, as to conduct of food establishments 147 
 
 " to abate nuisance, or prevent violation of Sanitary Code. 51 
 
 " " comply with order of the Board of Health 51 
 
 Oysters, misbranded 171 
 
 " permit to sell 164 
 
 " sale of adulterated or misbranded, prohibited 171 
 
 " adulterated, defined 171 
 
 Oyster-house, to be kept clean, and shells and offal removed daily. 247 
 " saloon, to be kept clean, and shells and offal removed 
 
 daily 247 
 
 " shells, to be removed daily 247 
 
 Paper, soiled, to be mixed with garbage, etc., in Borough of 
 
 Richmond '. 248 
 
 " to be bundled, or secured, before placing for removal 248 
 
 Paratyphoid fever, to be reported 86 
 
 Parents, duties of, regarding vaccinations 199 
 
 " duty of, to file report of birth 31 
 
 " regulations governing physical care of school children 
 
 affecting 200 
 
 Patent medicine, adulterated 116 
 
 " " definition 117 
 
Ixdi.x ro the Sanitary Code 211 
 
 Sections 
 
 Patent medicine, distribution of samples regulated 110 
 
 ■ ■ ingredients registered to be confidential 117 
 
 ■ ' names of ingredients to be registered 117 
 
 " " not prepared in accordance with label 116 
 
 " " records of, to be kept 117 
 
 " " " " by whom may be inspected 117 
 
 " ■ sale regulated 117 
 
 Penalty, for violation of Sanitary Code. . 224 
 
 Permit, boiling of oil 332 
 
 ■ " " varnish 332 
 
 ■ defined 1 
 
 ■ distilling of alcoholic spirits 332 
 
 ■ fertilizer, manufacturing 324 
 
 ■ fish smoking, or preserving 330 
 
 " for boat removing offensive matter to go to dock 245 
 
 " " burninc; straw, hay, contents of mattress and bed. . . . 242 
 " " carting and storing bones, refuse and offensive ma- 
 terials 241 
 
 " " carrying ofTal, butcher's refuse, and garbage 230 
 
 " " dressing hides or leather 328 
 
 " " gut cleaning 324 
 
 " " horse-shoeing establishments 342 
 
 8 " horse-slaughtering establishments 327 
 
 " " hospital, institution, or sanitarium 220 
 
 " " leaching privy vault, cesspool or school-sink 287 
 
 ■ " piling, dumping, etc., manure, garbage, offal, dirt, 
 
 etc 242 
 
 " " removal, burial or other disposition of body granted 
 
 only upon certificate of death 38 
 
 u " removal of contents of cesspool 236 
 
 " " " " " " privy vault 236 
 
 " sink 236 
 
 " " " " infectious disease case from vessels 355 
 
 " " skinning hides or leather 328 
 
 ■ " scouring " " " 328 
 
 ■ " stable 58 
 
 ■ to keep or yard goats 11 
 
 " " " " horses 11 
 
 ■ a u u u s heep 11 
 
 ■ " " * " swine 11 
 
 * ' kill chickens 10 
 
 " " make glue 324 
 
Index to the Sanitary Code 
 
 Sections 
 
 Permit to make lime 324 
 
 " " manufacture carbonated water 165 
 
 " ice cream or bring same into city 170 
 
 mineral water 165 
 
 " table water 165 
 
 " " open ground containing offensive matter 232 
 
 " " operate restaurant 149 
 
 " " practice midwifery 196 
 
 " " " undertaking 46 
 
 " " render and melt fat 329 
 
 " " fat 324 
 
 " sell birds 18 
 
 " " " canned eggs 331 
 
 " cats 18 
 
 " condensed or concentrated milk 155 
 
 " skimmed milk 155 
 
 " cream 155 
 
 " dried eggs 331 
 
 " frozen eggs 331 
 
 " live chickens 19 
 
 " dogs ' 18 
 
 " milk 155 
 
 " " modified milk 155 
 
 " " shellfish required, exception 164 
 
 " " skimmed milk 155 
 
 " " oysters 164 
 
 " " cows 324 
 
 " " horses 324 
 
 " slaughter calves 325 
 
 " cattle 325 
 
 fowl 325 
 
 " " horses 327 
 
 " " pigs 325 
 
 " " sheep 325 
 
 " swine 325 
 
 " use water from wells 168 
 
 treating and refining of alloys 332 
 
 " " " " " metals 332 
 
 " ores 332 
 
 for storing brick, etc., on street 313 
 
 " tanning hides or leather 328 
 
 " tent or camp . .'. 217 
 
[ndex ro the Sanitary Code 213 
 
 Permit for transit, removal, burial or other disposition of dead 
 
 bodies 38, 12, 15 
 
 " " transit, nol to !><• granted unless certificate of death 
 
 be filed 38 
 
 " '• transportation of manure, bwIII, ashes, garbage, offal, 
 
 etc 240 
 
 granted on certificates of deatb signed by physicians 38 
 
 " manure, manufacturing materials for use as 324 
 
 " mi at Bmoking or preserving 330 
 
 " obtained by false statements 187 
 
 " sausage manufacturing and preparing 330 
 
 " to board and care tor children 197 
 
 " boil hones '. 324 
 
 " " fish 324 
 
 " " oTal 324 
 
 ■ ■ swill 324 
 
 " " break out eggs 331 
 
 " " burn bones 324 
 
 ■ ■ shells 324 
 
 " " carry on offensive or noisome trade or business 322 
 
 " " conduct a bathing establishment 340 
 
 " " " " day nursery 198 
 
 " " " diagnostic laboratory, required 105 
 
 * " "a lodging house 334 
 
 " school 222 
 
 " " crush bones 324 
 
 8 " cure hides 324 
 
 " " dump street sweepings 252 
 
 " " generate any offensive or deleterious gas, vapor, etc. . . 332 
 
 " " grind bones 324 
 
 " " heat, dry, or store animal matter 324 
 
 " ■ * * ■ blood 324 
 
 " " " " " " scraps 324 
 
 ■ " " " " fat 324 
 
 " u u u u u grease 304 
 
 ' u u " " " vegetable matter 324 
 
 " " hire out bathing suits 340 
 
 " " keep live chickens 19 
 
 " " " " pigeons 20 
 
 " " " or yard cattle 11 
 
 " " " " " geese 11 
 
 Person, defined 1 
 
214 Index to the Sanitary Code 
 
 Sections 
 
 Persons, affected with infectious or venereal diseases 146 
 
 " present at birth, to file report of 31 
 
 Pestilential disease, defined 1 
 
 Phenol, sale regulated 123 
 
 Phosphorus poisoning 92 
 
 Physical care of school children 200 
 
 Physician, defined 1 
 
 Physicians, duty of, to distribute circulars re venereal disease. ... 88 
 
 " qualifications to sign certificate of death 38 
 
 regulation governing physical care of school children. . 200 
 
 to keep registry of births and deaths 31, 32, 33 
 
 " register names and addresses 218 
 
 " report births 31, 33 
 
 " " cases of suppurative conjunctivitis 91 
 
 " " " " wood alcohol poisoning 106 
 
 " " deaths 32,33,90 
 
 " " groups of food poisoning cases 93 
 
 " " occupational diseases and injuries 92 
 
 " " infectious diseases 86 
 
 " " puerperal septicaemia 91 
 
 " u u venereal diseases 88 
 
 " sign certificates of death 38 
 
 of vessels, duties 351 
 
 Piers, boats for removal of offal, etc., not to go to, without per- 
 mit 245 
 
 " for use of offal contractor not to be obstructed, etc 246 
 
 " manure, etc., piled thereon, regulated by permit 242 
 
 " street sweepings not to be deposited on, without permit. . . . 252 
 
 Pigeons, live, keeping regulated 20 
 
 Pigs, meat therefrom, when killed less than five weeks old 160 
 
 " slaughtering, regulated 326 
 
 without a permit 325 
 
 Pipes from refrigerators not to connect with soil or waste pipe . . . 280 
 
 " " to discharge into proper sinks 280 
 
 " " tank not to discharge into soil or waste pipes, water- 
 closets, drams or sewers 280 
 
 " " tanks to discharge on roof or into a tank 280 
 
 " how joints must be made in cast iron drain, soil and waste 
 
 pipes 279 
 
 " lighted, in subway, prohibited 216 
 
 " plumbing and gas, to be kept in good order and repair 277 
 
 " waste, soil, vent, above roof; construction and location. . . . 281 
 
Index to the Sanitary Code 215 
 
 Sections 
 
 Pipes, public, not to be blocked or obstructed 312 
 
 where food or drink is manufactured, etc 1 17 
 
 u " " " " " prepared, etc 148 
 
 Plague 86, 102, 103 
 
 Plumbing fixtures to be separately trapped 278 
 
 " to be kept in good order and repair 277 
 
 Pneumonia, to be reported 86 
 
 Poison, distribution regulated 122 
 
 " sale of bichloride of mercury regulated 125 
 
 ■ * " wood naphtha, or wood alcohol, regulated 124 
 
 " regulated 122 
 
 Poisoning by arsenic, etc., reporting of, required 92 
 
 " cases of, to be reported 92 
 
 u " " wood alcohol, to be reported 106 
 
 food 93 
 
 " occupational 92 
 
 Poisonous substances not to be used as food 141 
 
 " colors prohibited in confectionery 139 
 
 Poultry, permit required to keep live 10, 19 
 
 ■ kill.... : 19 
 
 8 sell live 19 
 
 " sale of live, regulated 19 
 
 Practice of midwifery 196 
 
 " " undertaking regulated 46 
 
 Premises, dogs not to commit nuisances on 227 
 
 " no dust, etc., to enter 253 
 
 " where food is manufactured or handled, to be kept clean. 147 
 
 Prescriptions to be filled 117 
 
 Prima facie evidence, drugs 138 
 
 food 178 
 
 Principals, duties of, re care of school children 200 
 
 " regulations governing physical care fo school children. 200 
 Principal or agent, responsibility as to conduct of food establish- 
 ments 147 
 
 Private market defined 1 
 
 Privies, maintenance of 284 
 
 " odors from 284 
 
 " suitable, to be provided for factories, dwellings, etc 284 
 
 " temporary, contents to be disinfected and removed 285 
 
 " " to be accessible for workmen and screened 
 
 from flies 285 
 
 " temporary, to be provided during construction work 285 
 
216 Index to the Sanitary Code 
 
 Sections 
 Privies, temporary, workmen required to use same on construc- 
 tion work 285 
 
 8 to be screened to prevent access of flies 286 
 
 Privy vault contents not to be left near occupied building 244 
 
 " " " " " removed without permit 236 
 
 " " "to be disinfected before removal 236 
 
 8 " leaching, allowed under permit 287 
 
 8 "no offal, ashes, meat, fish, garbage, etc., to be thrown 
 
 therein 237 
 
 " " not to be filled within two feet of top 235 
 
 8 " " " discharge into, street or public place 235 
 
 8 " " overflow 235 
 
 " " " " remain or be built when avoidable 287 
 
 " " sides and bottom to be watertight 287 
 
 " " to be emptied before filling with dirt 235 
 
 Proprietary medicine, adulterated 116 
 
 " " definition 117 
 
 8 8 distribution of samples regulated 119 
 
 8 " ingredients registered to be confidential. .. . 117 
 
 8 8 names of ingredients to be registered 117 
 
 8 not prepared in accordance with label 116 
 
 " " records may be inspected 117 
 
 8 " " to be kept 117 
 
 8 " sale regulated 117 
 
 Protection of food from contamination, required 142 
 
 Public places, cleanliness of, required and regulated 301 
 
 Public place, conduct and operation of dining rooms 149 
 
 " " " " 8 " kitchens 149 
 
 8 8 " 8 8 8 serving rooms 149 
 
 " denned 143 
 
 " ? 8 not to be blocked or obstructed 312 
 
 8 8 spitting, thereon, forbidden 213 
 
 8 water supply to be protected ... 166 
 
 Puerperal septicaemia, duty of dispensaries, institutions and phy- 
 sicians to report 91 
 
 Pulmonary tuberculosis, exclusion of children from school for .... 94 
 
 " 8 to be reported S6 
 
 8 "in teachers 95 
 
 Punishment for violation of Sanitary Code 224 
 
 Pupils, precautions respecting 57 
 
 8 regulations governing physical care of 200 
 
 Putrid matter to be disinfected before removal 236 
 
Index to the Sanitary Code 217 
 
 Sections 
 
 Quarantine of persona Buffering with infectious disease, required. . 89 
 
 " " vessels from infected ports 352 
 
 " vessels not in, to submit a daily report of contagious 
 
 disease 353 
 
 Rabies to be reported 86 
 
 Rags not to be placed where particles from may enter street or 
 
 occupied building 253 
 
 " on vessels, removal and distribution regulated 359 
 
 Rahm, sale of 152 
 
 Railroad cars, etc., spitting therein forbidden 213 
 
 u " heating of, regulated 304 
 
 " " lighting " required 305 
 
 " " passenger, construction 303 
 
 " " " cleaning 301 
 
 " " " soiled clothing or bedding to be carried 
 
 only on front platform 302 
 
 " " ventilation of 303 
 
 " station, common towel in, prohibited 214 
 
 " subway, smoking in, prohibited 216 
 
 " underground, smoking in, prohibited 216 
 
 Rain water to be prevented from entering buildings 59 
 
 Receptacles for ashes, garbage, etc., not to remain on street after 
 
 removal of contents 248 
 
 " " ashes, garbage, etc., to be placed in area or within 
 
 fence, etc 24S 
 
 " " ashes, garbage, etc., to be satisfactory to Street 
 
 Cleaning Department 24S 
 
 " ashes, garbage, etc., not to be filled to 4 inches of 
 
 top 248 
 
 u ashes, garbage, etc., not to contain over two cubic 
 
 feet 24S 
 
 " ashes, garbage, etc., not to weigh more than 100 
 
 pounds 24S 
 
 " ashes, garbage, or liquid waste not to be dis- 
 turbed 249 
 
 " ashes, garbage and liquid waste required 248 
 
 u garbage, or liquid waste, to be covered when out- 
 side of building 248 
 
 milk and cream 159 
 
 spitting, to be provided for 213 
 
 Reconstitute 1 cream, adulterated, term adulterated denned 175 
 
 " defined 1 
 
218 Index to the Sanitary Code 
 
 Sections 
 
 Reconstituted cream, sale regulated 174 
 
 " use of receptacles for holding, regulated and 
 
 restricted 176 
 
 " milk, adulterated, term adulterated defined 175 
 
 " defined 1 
 
 " " sale regulated 174 
 
 " " use of receptacles for holding, regulated and 
 
 restricted 176 
 
 Records, Bureau of, to register names and addresses of practising 
 
 physicians 218 
 
 Reformatory, isolation of persons having infectious diseases 96 
 
 Refrigerator, drain pipe from, not to connect with soil or waste 
 
 pipe . . 280 
 
 " to discharge into proper sink 280 
 
 Refusal to comply with Board order or regulation 184 
 
 Refuse, butcher's, not to be brought into the city 239 
 
 " " u u u conveyec j. through the streets, etc., 
 
 without a permit 239 
 
 " defined 1 
 
 " factory to discharge into waters of the city below low water 274 
 
 " from oyster houses, etc., to be removed daily 247 
 
 " may be delivered direct to proper carts 250 
 
 " mixed with offensive matter not to be used to fill in land . 252 
 
 " not to be thrown on vacant lot 251 
 
 " on street not to be washed into the sewer 311 
 
 " permit required for collection, transportation, storing or 
 
 exposing 241 
 
 " to be bundled or secured before placing for removal. . . . 248 
 " " " mixed with garabge, etc., in Borough of Richmond. 248 
 
 " " " removed from passenger car and omnibus daily ... . 301 
 
 " when to be removed by owner, etc 248 
 
 Registered nurse, who shall use title 219 
 
 Registration of practising physicians required 218 
 
 " " sextons with Department of Health 43 
 
 Regulations for boat removing offensive matter to go to dock, to 
 
 be observed 245 
 
 " burning stra-n , hay, contents of mattress and bed 
 
 to be observed 242 
 
 " carting and storing bones, refuse and offensive 
 
 material, to be observed 241 
 
 " carting offal, butcher's refuse and garbage to be 
 
 observed 239 
 
[ndex to thi-; Sanitary Code 219 
 
 Sections 
 Regulations for cleaning sink?, privy vaults or cesspools, to be 
 
 observed 236 
 
 ■ ■ day nurseries 108 
 
 " " depositing street sweepings to be observed 252 
 
 ■ ■ dumping of garbage, manure, offal and dirt to be 
 
 observed 242 
 
 " " hospitals or sanitariums to be observed 220 
 
 " " household and business waste; how and where 
 
 applied 248 
 
 a " leaching cesspools, privy vaults, school sinks, to 
 
 be observed 287 
 
 " " stables to be observed 58 
 
 " " tent or camp to be observed 217 
 
 " " transporting manure, swill, ashes, garbage, offal, 
 
 etc., to be observed 240 
 
 " governing board and care of children 197 
 
 " " duties of parents, etc., regarding vaccina- 
 tion 199 
 
 " governing physical care of school children 200 
 
 " " practice of midwifery 196 
 
 " of the Board of Health to be observed 1S4 
 
 ■ relative to heating of cars and omnibuses 304 
 
 " to open ground containing offensive matter to be 
 
 observed 232 
 
 Removal and reporting of injured, dead or contagiously diseased 
 
 animals 6 
 
 " of ashes, garbage, liquid waste, paper and rubbish, regu- 
 lated 248 
 
 " " cases of infectious diseases 98 
 
 " " contents of sinks, privy vaults and cesspools, regu- 
 lated 236 
 
 ■ " contents of temporary privies required 2S5 
 
 ■ ' dead animals and offensive matter to be removed 
 
 quickly and without offense 243 
 
 " " infectious disease cases authorized 97 
 
 ■ ■ " " ■ from vessels, permit required. 355 
 " * a " " " " prohibited 354 
 
 ■ " rabid or vicious animals regulated 10 
 
 ■ ■ shells of oysters, clams, etc., from oyster-houses re- 
 
 quired 247 
 
 ■ " skins, hides, rags, straw, bedding, etc., from vessels. . 359 
 Renovation of premises, etc 101 
 
220 Index to the Sanitary Code 
 
 Sections 
 
 Repairs to be made within time set 185 
 
 Report denned 1 
 
 Reports of animals injured, dead or affected by contagion, re- 
 quired 6 
 
 " " births, duties of professional attendants 31, 33 
 
 " " " to be filed in writing 31, 357 
 
 a a a -^hen and where to be filed 31, 33, 357 
 
 " deaths required to be made 32, 33, 90, 357 
 
 " " food poisoning, group of cases 93 
 
 " " glanders, farcy, etc., by veterinarians 2 
 
 " on infectious diseases and health matters by masters, 
 
 chief officers and physicians of vessels 351 
 
 " infectious diseases, duty of hospitals and plrvsicians 86 
 
 " of marriages required to be made 33, 34, 35, 36, 357 
 
 " " persons ill with infectious diseases, engaged in handling 
 
 certain food products S6 
 
 " " puerperal septicaemia 91 
 
 " " rabid or vicious animals 10 
 
 " " suppurative conjunctivitis 91 
 
 " " vessels not in quarantine 353 
 
 " " venereal diseases 88 
 
 Representatives of the Health Department not to be obstructed. . 186 
 
 Resolution of Board of Health 185 
 
 Restaurant, common towel in, prohibited 214 
 
 " conduct and operation of dining rooms 149 
 
 " " " " " kitchens 149 
 
 " " " " " serving rooms 149 
 
 " permit required to operate 149 
 
 " term defined 149 
 
 Restrictions for driving and landing cattle, etc., in Manhattan. . . 316 
 Richmond Borough, regulations for disposal of ashes, garbage, etc. 248 
 
 River, no blood, offal, garbage, etc., allowed to go therein 234 
 
 " " sewage, etc., to enter, except below low water 274 
 
 " not to receive contents of privy vault, cesspool, cistern or 
 
 sink 235 
 
 R. N., restriction in use of 219 
 
 Roof, connection of cast iron rain leader to 283 
 
 " no animal bedding to be dried thereon 242 
 
 " tanks, construction and cleanliness regulated 61 
 
 " tank overflow, to discharge on 280 
 
 " to be kept in good repair 59 
 
 Room not to be allowed to become a nuisance 1S3 
 
Indkx to THE Sanitary Code 221 
 
 tions 
 Room not to l"- used as a place of deeping or residence, if floor be 
 
 damp 54 
 
 ■ " to be used as a place of sleeping or residence, if o!T<n-ive 
 
 odors be present 54 
 
 ■ where food or drink is manufactured, etc 147 
 
 ■ u " " ■ " prepared, etc 148 
 
 Rubbish, boats for, require permit to go to pier 2 \ 5 
 
 u defined 1 
 
 ■ dock for removal of, not to be obstructed 246 
 
 " in < arts, etc., not to be left near occupied building 244 
 
 " may be delivered to proper carts 250 
 
 " must be removed quickly and without offense 243 
 
 ■ not to lie piled or raked in street 243 
 
 " removal of 250 
 
 ' to be bundled or secured before placing for removal .... 248 
 
 ■ " " mixed with garbage, etc., in Borough of Richmond. 248 
 " when to be removed by owner, etc 248 
 
 Rubella, cases of, to be reported 94 
 
 " children having to be excluded from school 94 
 
 Rules governing board and care of children 107 
 
 ■ " conduct of day nurseries 19$ 
 
 " " duties of parents, etc., regarding vaccination. .. . 199' 
 
 ■ " physical care of school children 2CK> 
 
 " " practice of midwifery 196 
 
 Safeguards to be provided for theatres, auditoriums, assembly 
 
 halls, factories, workrooms, stores and offices 55 
 
 Said Board defined 1 
 
 Saloon defined 1 
 
 Saloons, common towel in, prohibited 214 
 
 " conduct and operation of dining rooms 149 
 
 " u u u u ki tcnens 14Q 
 
 " a u a u serving rooms H9 
 
 ■ oyster, to be kept clean, shells and offal removed daily . . 247 
 
 Salt marsh land, mosquitoes not to be permitted to breed in 272 
 
 " u " , to be filled or drained 272 
 
 Sanatoriums required to isolate persons having infectious dis- 
 eases 96 
 
 Sand, dry, not to be sieved, agitated or exposed 253 
 
 Sanitary Code, provisions of, to be obeyed 1S4 
 
 ■ " punishment for violation of 224 
 
 " ■ violation thereof, to be prevented 51 
 
 Sanitarium, permit for, required 220 
 
222 Index to the Sanitary Code 
 
 Sections 
 
 Sausages, manufacture and preparation 330 
 
 Scarlet fever, cases to be reported 86 
 
 " " children having, to be excluded from school 94 
 
 " " duties of undertakers burying persons who die of. . . 102 
 
 " " public funerals prohibited 103 
 
 Scholars, precautions respecting 57 
 
 School children, regulations governing physical care of 200 
 
 " sink, leaching allowed under permit 287 
 
 " " sides and bottom to be watertight 287 
 
 Schools, exclusion of children from 94 
 
 " " teachers and instructors 95 
 
 " officers of, to report suppurative conjunctivitis 91 
 
 " regulations governing physical care of school children. . . . 200 
 
 " common towel in, prohibited 214 
 
 " condition thereof, regulated 57 
 
 " permit to conduct, required 222 
 
 Scouring of hides and leather without permit 328 
 
 Scow, loaded with garbage not to remain at dock over twenty- 
 four hours 238 
 
 " loaded with manure, etc., not to remain at dock without 
 
 permit 242 
 
 Scrap, heating, drying, or storing, not to be conducted without a 
 permit in the Boroughs of Brooklyn, Bronx, Queens and 
 
 Richmond 324 
 
 Scraping of street before washing required 311 
 
 Screening of privies required 286 
 
 " " temporary privies required 286 
 
 Sea, no sewage, etc., to enter, except below low water 274 
 
 Serum distributed by the Department of Health 121 
 
 Sewage to discharge into waters of the -city below low water 274 
 
 Sewer connection changes in affecting other premises, regulated.. . 275 
 
 " " for any premises, to be adequate 276 
 
 Sewerage, changes in, affecting other premises, regulated 275 
 
 " not to become a nuisance 1S3 
 
 " of buildings to be adequate 52 
 
 Sewers, no blood, offal, garbage, etc., allowed to go therein 234 
 
 " " tank, overflow to discharge into 280 
 
 " not to become obstructed 273 
 
 " " " be vented by brick, sheet metal, earthenware, chim- 
 ney flue 282 
 
 " solid matter not to pass into 311 
 
 " to be flushed ' 273 
 
iNDi.y to the Sanitary Code 223 
 
 Sections 
 
 Sewers, to be kept in good order and repair 277 
 
 Sextons and other persons not to dispose of bodies without a per- 
 mit . . . 42 
 
 " ■ other persons to return permits to Department of 
 
 Health 42 
 
 " to make returns of burials 44 
 
 " ■ register with Bureau of Records 43 
 
 Shaking of mats, carpets and cloths prohibited 253 
 
 Sheep, condemnation and destruction authorized 137 
 
 u permit required to keep or yard 11 
 
 ■ slaughtering regulated 326 
 
 " " without a permit 325 
 
 " unfit for use as human food 137 
 
 Shell burning not to be conducted without a permit in the Bor- 
 oughs of Brooklyn, Bronx, Queens and Richmond 324 
 
 " fish, adulterated; term adulterated defined 171 
 
 ■ " misbranded; " misbranded " 171 
 
 Shell-fish sale of adulterated or misbranded, prohibited 171 
 
 " " regulated, permit required, exception 164 
 
 Shells to be removed daily from oyster-houses, etc 247 
 
 Shelter for animals, site and conduct to be approved and regu- 
 lated 16 
 
 Ships, for removal of offal, etc., not to come to pier without per- 
 mit 245 
 
 Shop classed as a building 1S3 
 
 Sidewalks, cleaning of, regulated 33 
 
 " dogs not to commit nuisances on 227 
 
 " no animal bedding to be dried thereon 242 
 
 " " " or vehicle to be taken on 312 
 
 " ' water from building to run over 271 
 
 " not to be obstructed 53 
 
 " passage under for water to reach street 271 
 
 " spitting thereon forbidden 213 
 
 u to be kept in good condition 53 
 
 Sieving, of lime, ashes, coal, dry sand, hair, feathers, etc.. pro- 
 hibited 253 
 
 Sinks, contents not to be left standing near occupied bulld : ng. . . . 2 1 1 
 
 " u " " " removed without permit 
 
 " " of, to be disinfected before removal 236 
 
 ■ no offal, ashes, meat, fish, garbage, etc., to be thrown therein 237 
 
 ■ not to be filled within two feet of top - • 
 
 " " " discharge into street or public place 
 
224 Index to the Sanitary Code 
 
 Sections 
 
 Sinks, not to overflow 235 
 
 " proper, to be provided for refrigerator drip 280 
 
 " school, leaching, allowed under permit 287 
 
 " sides and bottom to be watertight 287 
 
 " to be emptied before filling with dirt 235 
 
 " " " separately trapped 278 
 
 Sink trap, waste pipe of washtub may connect to 278 
 
 Skimmed milk, adulterated; distribution prohibited; term adul- 
 terated defined 173 
 
 " defined 1,173 
 
 " trades and designations to conform to grade stand- 
 ards .' 156, 157 
 
 " receptacles used in sale or delivery of; use regu- 
 lated and restricted 159 
 
 " sale of, regulated 155 
 
 " " " unwholesome, unclean, watered or adul- 
 terated, prohibited 151 
 
 " seizure and destruction authorized 153 
 
 " " dried, defined 1 
 
 Skinning of dead animals prohibited in the Borough of Man- 
 hattan 323 
 
 " " hides and leather without permit 328 
 
 Skins, etc., on vessels, removal and distribution regulated 359 
 
 Skylights to be kept in good repair 59 
 
 Slaughtering of horses regulated ; 327 
 
 Sleeping in cellars, bathrooms, waterclosets, apartments, etc., pro- 
 hibited 62 
 
 " in cellars, prohibited 54 
 
 " " rooms impregnated with offensive odors prohibited. . . 54 
 
 " " ° with damp floors prohibited 54 
 
 u " tent or camp without permit, prohibited 217 
 
 Slips, boats for removal of offal, etc., not to go into without per- 
 mit 245 
 
 Smallpox, cases to be reported 86 
 
 " duties of parents, guardians, etc., regarding vaccina- 
 tion 199 
 
 " duties of undertakers in burying persons who died of.. . 102 
 
 " exclusion from school of children having 94 
 
 " public funeral prohibited 103 
 
 Smeteny, sale of 152 
 
 Smoke, dense, discharge of, prohibited 211 
 
 Smoking in subway prohibited 216 
 
Indi \ to the Sanitary Code 225 
 
 Sections 
 
 Sneezing, persons to cover nose and mouth when 226 
 
 Soil pipe, above roof, construction and location 281 
 
 " " extended above roof in increased diameter 281 
 
 ■ ' no refrigerator or tank to connect w ith 280 
 
 ' " " " drain pipe to connect with 280 
 
 ■ " trap vent pipe to be used as 278 
 
 " " not to be used as leader or connected to 283 
 
 ■ ' " " ■ vented by brick, sheet metal, earthenware, 
 
 chimney flue 2S2 
 
 " " pipe to be adequate 276 
 
 " pipes of cast iron, how joints in are to be made 279 
 
 " " to be kept in good order and repair 277 
 
 Spirits, alcoholic, distilling of 332 
 
 Spitting, forbidden 213 
 
 ■ receptacles to be provided 213 
 
 Spittoons to be provided 213 
 
 Spring water, sale of 165 
 
 Stable defined 1 
 
 Stables, permit for, required 5S 
 
 Stairs, railroad, spitting upon, forbidden 213 
 
 Stairway, subway, smoking on, prohibited 216 
 
 Stall not to be allowed to become a nuisance 183 
 
 Stamping, cold storage food 72 
 
 Station, spitting upon floor of, forbidden 213 
 
 ■ subway, smoking in, prohibited 216 
 
 Stationary engine not to discharge dense smoke 211 
 
 Statements not to be false 187 
 
 Steam, discharge of, prohibited 212 
 
 Stone not to be mixed with business or household waste 248 
 
 Store, department, common towel in, prohibited 214 
 
 ■ fish or oyster, to be kept clean, and shells, etc., removed 
 
 daily 247 
 
 ■ floor, spitting thereon, forbidden 213 
 
 not to be overcrowded 56 
 
 " suitable and adequate privies or waterclosets for 284 
 
 " to be kept clean, lighted, ventilated and safeguarded 55 
 
 Storing of bones, refuse and offensive material, regulated by per- 
 mit 241 
 
 " " carts, vehicles and implements, handling offensive ma- 
 terial, regulated 244 
 
 Straw, bedding for animals, not to be dried on street, sidewalk 
 
 or roof 242 
 
226 Index to the Sanitary Code 
 
 Sections 
 
 Straw, on vessels, removal and distribution regulated 359 
 
 " not to be burnt without a permit 242 
 
 Streams, no sewage, etc., to enter except below low water 274 
 
 Streets, cleaning and washing of, regulated 311 
 
 " defined 1 
 
 Street Cleaning Department to regulate condition of receptacles 
 
 for garbage, ashes, etc 248 
 
 Streets, depositing of brick, etc., thereon, regulated 313 
 
 " dust not to enter, from building being demolished, etc.. . . 253 
 
 " no animal bedding to be dried thereon 242 
 
 " " blood, offal, garbage, etc., allowed to go therein 234 
 
 " " bones, refuse or offensive material to be carted in, 
 
 without permit 241 
 
 " " garbage, etc., to lie raked or piled thereon 243 
 
 " " offal, butcher's refuse or garbage to be carted in with- 
 out permit 239 
 
 " " offensive matter, or liquid, to be allowed therein 233 
 
 " not to be blocked or obstructed 312 
 
 " particles of cloth, yarn, etc., not to enter 253 
 
 " privy vault, cesspool, cistern, or sink not to discharge 
 
 therein 235 
 
 " spitting therein, forbidden 213 
 
 Street-sweepings must be removed quickly and without offense. . . 243 
 
 not to be deposited without a permit 252 
 
 " "he raked or piled in street 243 
 
 Strength of buildings to be adequate 52 
 
 " " school house, gymnasium and place of public worship, 
 
 regulated 57 
 
 Substance deposited in street not to obstruct gutter 313 
 
 " offensive, not permitted on premises 231 
 
 " transportation of, regulated by permit 240 
 
 " solid, not to be washed into sewer 311 
 
 Substances, liable to be blown by wind, not to be sieved, agitated 
 
 or exposed 253 
 
 Subway, smoking in, prohibited 216 
 
 " spitting " " 216 
 
 Sunken lot, mosquitoes not to be permitted to breed in 272 
 
 " " to be fenced 251 
 
 a u a u fir] ec j or drained 272 
 
 Superintendents of cemeteries to register with Bureau of Records. 43 
 
 " " crematories " " " " " " . 43 
 
 to make return of cremations 44 
 
Index to the Sanitary Code 
 
 Sections 
 
 Swamps, mosquitoes not to be permitted to breed in 272 
 
 " to be rilled in or drained 272 
 
 Sweeping, dry, of public vehicles or places in prohibited 301 
 
 iy be mixed with garbage, etc., in Borough of Rich- 
 mond 248 
 
 " street, not to be deposited without a permit 252 
 
 8 yard, not to be mixed with business or household wa- - 
 
 Sweetened concentrated milk, defined 1 
 
 " condensed milk, defined 1 
 
 " " skimmed milk, defined 1 
 
 8 evaporated milk, defined 1 
 
 Swill boiling »ot to be conducted without a permit in the Boroughs 
 
 of Brooklyn, Bronx, Queens and Richmond 234 
 
 • in carts not to be left near occupied building 244 
 
 " not allowed on public street or place 233 
 
 8 transportation of, regulated by permit 240 
 
 Swine, inspection of carcasses of, required, exception 172 
 
 8 permit required to yard or keep 11 
 
 8 slaughtering regulated 326 
 
 " 8 without a permit 325 
 
 Syphilis, cases of, to be reported 88 
 
 88 
 
 8 circulars to be distributed to persons suffering with 88 
 
 Table water, permit to manufacture 165 
 
 Talc, use prohibited in confectionery 139 
 
 Tanks for holding water, construction and maintenance regulated. 61 
 8 open, water supplied to receive overflow of other tanks. . . . 2S0 
 8 overflow pipe, not to discharge into soil or waste pipe, 
 
 watercloset, drain or sewer 280 
 
 8 use for any beverage or drink 145 
 
 Tanning of hides and leather without permit 328 
 
 Taps, use for any beverage or drink 145 
 
 Tar, manufacture of 332 
 
 8 " regulated and restricted 333 
 
 Teachers, duties of, in schools, etc 57 
 
 8 and Instructors, with certain diseases, excluded 95 
 
 " regulations governing physical care fo school children. . 200 
 
 Temperature of milk 152 
 
 " " schools, gymnasiums and places of public worship, 
 
 regulated 57 
 
 8 ' surface cars and omnibuses during certain months, 
 
 regulated 304 
 
228 Index to the Sanitary Code 
 
 Sections 
 Temperature, proper degree thereof to be maintained in theatres, 
 
 factories, workrooms etc 55 
 
 Tenant, liability for nuisance or violation of Sanitary Code 51 
 
 not to allow premises to become a nuisance 53 
 
 " of building not to allow anything dangerous to be done. . 52 
 " to abate nuisance or prevent violation of Sanitary Code.. 51 
 
 " " comply with order of the Board of Health 51 
 
 Tenement houses, persons having infectious diseases not to engage 
 
 in manufacturing in 99 
 
 Tent classed as a building 183 
 
 " not to be erected without permit 217 
 
 Terra alba, use prohibited in confectionery • 139 
 
 Tetanus, cases of, to be reported 86 
 
 Theatre, common towel in, prohibited 214 
 
 " defined 1 
 
 " floor, spitting thereon forbidden 213 
 
 Theatres to be kept clean, lighted, ventilated and safeguarded.. . . 55 
 
 Therapeutic serum, labeling 116 
 
 Tobacco, manufacture, sorting and handling 338 
 
 Toilet preparations, hair dyes, etc., regulated 128 
 
 Tow els, common, prohibited 214 
 
 Toxin, labeling 116 
 
 Trachoma, cases of, to be reported 86 
 
 Trade, offensive or noisome 322 
 
 Training School required to isolate persons having infectious 
 
 diseases 96 
 
 Transportation of bones, refuse and offensive material, regulated 
 
 by permit 241 
 
 " cattle in vehicles 11 
 
 " garbage, on boats and scows to Barren Island, 
 
 regulated 238 
 
 " manure, swill, ashes, garbage and offal regu- 
 lated 240 
 
 " " offal, butcher's refuse and garbage regulated. . . 239 
 
 " offensive material through street, not to be 
 
 delayed 244 
 
 Traps for rain leaders, when and where located 283 
 
 " not to be ventilated by brick, sheet metal or earthenware, 
 
 chimney flue 282 
 
 " of waterclosets, no tank overflow to discharge in 280 
 
 " " " " waste pipe of other fixture to connect 
 
 to ' 278 
 
Index to the Sanitary Code 229 
 
 Sections 
 
 Traps, separate, to be provided for each plumbing fixture 278 
 
 " to be kept in good order and repair 277 
 
 ■ ■ " within two feet of the fixture 278 
 
 ■ vent pipe, not to be used as a soil or waste pipe 278 
 
 Trichinosis, cases of, to be reported 86 
 
 Tuberculin test of cows, certificate 13 
 
 Tuberculosis (.pulmonary, meningeal), cases of, to be reported. ... 86 
 
 " children having to be excluded from school 94 
 
 Tubes, to be separately trapped 278 
 
 Typhoid fever, cases of, to be reported 86 
 
 Typhus " " ■ " " " 86 
 
 " " duties of undertakers burying persons who died of. 102 
 
 " " public funeral prohibited, of persons who died of.. . 103 
 
 Undertaking, practice of, regulated 46 
 
 Undertakers, duties of 102 
 
 " to register with Bureau of Records 43 
 
 Unloading, of carts, etc., with offensive matter, regulated 244 
 
 " " dead animals, etc., to be done quickly and without 
 
 offense 243 
 
 Untruthful statements, prohibited 187 
 
 Unwholesome substances, not to be used as food 141 
 
 Urine, not allowed on public street or place 233 
 
 Urinal, to be separately trapped 27S 
 
 Use of docks, piers and bulkheads, by offal contractor, regulated.. 246 
 
 Utensils, common use prohibited 143 
 
 " use of cooking, eating, and drinking 144 
 
 Vacant lot, excavated or sunken, to be fenced 251 
 
 " "no garbage, refuse or offensive material to be thrown 
 
 in 251 
 
 " " to be kept clean and free of water 251 
 
 Vaccination of children, and others, duties of parents, guar- 
 dians, etc 199 
 
 Vaccine, distributed by the Department of Health 121 
 
 " distribution of '. . 121 
 
 Vapors, offensive or deleterious 332 
 
 " removal by suction devices 339 
 
 Varicella (chicken-pox), cases of, to be reported 86 
 
 " ( " ), exclusion from school of children having.. 94 
 
 Varnish, boiling of 332 
 
 Vault contents, not to be left standing near occupied building. . . . 244 
 
 " " " " " removed without permit 236 
 
 " " to be disinfected before removal 236 
 
230 Index to the Sanitary Code 
 
 Sections 
 Vault, no offal, ashes, meat, fish, garbage, etc., to be thrown 
 
 therein 237 
 
 8 not to be filled within two feet of top 235 
 
 8 « « discharge into street or public place 235 
 
 8 " " overflow 235 
 
 " privy, leaching, allowed under permit 287 
 
 8 " not to remain or be built when avoidable 287 
 
 " " sides and bottom to be watertight 287 
 
 8 a to be screened from flies 285 
 
 B temporary privy, contents to be disinfected and removed. . 285 
 " 8 " to be provided during construction 
 
 work 285 
 
 8 to be emptied before filling with dirt 235 
 
 ■ not to be opened without permit 45 
 
 Vegetable and fruit store, conduct and maintenance 150 
 
 8 matter, heating, drying, or storing not to be conducted 
 
 without a permit, in the Boroughs of Brooklyn, 
 
 Bronx, Queens, and Richmond 324 
 
 8 matter, offensive; boats removing, require permit to go 
 
 to dock 245 
 
 8 not to be sold under false name or quality 140 
 
 Vegetables, condemnation and destruction authorized 137 
 
 " defined 163 
 
 healthy, fresh, sound and wholesome 163 
 
 " inspection of, authorized 136 
 
 " unfit for use as human food 137 
 
 Vehicles, cleaning of public, regulated 301 
 
 " containing manure, swill, etc., not to stand near build- 
 ing 244 
 
 8 for offensive materials, to be cleaned and stored without 
 
 offense 244 
 
 " " transporting cattle 15 
 
 8 motor, not to discharge dense smoke 211 
 
 " ' noise from motor, prohibited 229 
 
 8 not to be allowed to become a nuisance 183 
 
 u u u u -j-^gQ U p 0I1 sidewalk or footpath 312 
 
 Venereal disease, circulars to be delivered by physicians to pa- 
 tients suffering with 88 
 
 8 diseases, duties of hospitals and dispensaries to report. . . 88 
 
 8 8 employment of persons in food establishments. 146 
 
 Vent pipe, above roof; construction and location 281 
 
 8 8 extended above roof in increased diameter 281 
 
Index to the Sanitary Code 231 
 
 ' Sections 
 
 Vent pipe, not to be used as or connected with leader 283 
 
 or trap, not to be used as a soil or waste pipe 278 
 
 " pipe.-, lead. Imw connected 27fl 
 
 ■ ' shall be kept in good order and repair 277 
 
 Ventilation, for cattle 11 
 
 of all premises, to be maintained 183 
 
 ■ " buildings for dwellings, to be sufficient 54 
 
 ■ ■ " to be adequate 
 
 ■ " railroad passenger cars and omnibuses, to be good 
 
 and adequate, and so maintained 303 
 
 " ■ schools, gymnasiums and places of public worship, 
 
 regulated 57 
 
 ■ " sewers and plumbing; materials not to be used for. 282 
 " soil, waste and vent pipes, not to create a nuisance. 281 
 
 " " waterclosets and privies, required _'>4 
 
 " to be provided for theatres, auditoriums, assembly 
 
 halls, factories, workrooms, stores and offices. ... 55 
 
 Vessels, discharge of cargoes, regulated 35S 
 
 " ■ " cinders, dust, gas, steam, or offensive odors 
 
 from, prohibited 212 
 
 " duties of masters, chief officers and physicians, to report 
 
 on health matters 351 
 
 " for removal of offal, etc., not to go to pier without per- 
 mit 245 
 
 ■ from infected ports, liable to quarantine 352 
 
 ■ loaded with manure, garbage, etc., not to remain at dock 
 
 without permit 242 
 
 ■ noises from, prohibited 361 
 
 " not quarantined, daily reports 353 
 
 a * to be allowed to become a nuisance 183 
 
 " " ■ discharge dense smoke 211 
 
 " permits to remove infectious disease case 355 
 
 prohibited from casting bedding, etc., into public waters.. 356 
 
 removal of infectious disease cases, prohibited 354 
 
 ' " " skins, hides, rags, straw and bedding regulated. 359 
 Veterinary Surgeons, to report glanders, farcy, and other con- 
 tagious diseases 2 
 
 Violations, of the Sanitary Code, defined 1S4 
 
 Violation of Sanitary Code, punishment for 224 
 
 " ■ ' " to be prevented 51 
 
 Virus, labeling 116 
 
 Walls, to be cleaned and whitewashed 60 
 
232 . Index to the Saxitary Code 
 
 Sections 
 
 Walls, to be kept in good repair 59 
 
 "Washbasin, to be separately trapped 278 
 
 Washroom, common towel in, prohibited 214 
 
 public, defined 214 
 
 Washing, of street, regulated 311 
 
 Washtrays, to be separately trapped 278 
 
 Washtubs, " " ■ " 278 
 
 " may connect to inlet of sink trap 278 
 
 Waste, business, not to be mixed with household waste, grass, 
 
 leaves, etc 248 
 
 " business, to be removed daily 248 
 
 " from any fixture, not to connect to watercloset trap 278 
 
 " household, not to be mixed with business waste, grass, 
 
 leaves, etc 248 
 
 " liquid, receptacles not to be disturbed 249 
 
 8 pipe, above roof; construction and location 281 
 
 " extended above roof in increased diameter 281 
 
 " of cast iron; how joints in are to be made 279 
 
 " " hydrant, must be separately trapped 278 
 
 " lead; how connected 279 
 
 " no refrigerator drain pipe, to connect with 280 
 
 or tank, to connect with 280 
 
 " " " trap vent pipe to be used as 278 
 
 " not to be used as or connected with leader 283 
 
 « " " " vented by brick, sheet metal, earthenware, 
 
 chimney flue 282 
 
 " pipes, to be kept in good order and repairs 277 
 
 " receptacles, regulated as to weight and contents 248 
 
 " substances, to be kept in separate metal receptacles 248 
 
 Water, carbonated, permit to manufacture and sell 165 
 
 " care of 169 
 
 ° from building, not to cross sidewalk or curb 271 
 
 ' wells ■ 168 
 
 " " not to be used without a permit 168 
 
 " intended for human consumption 167 
 
 " not to be allowed to become a nuisance 183 
 
 " " " a " " collect on vacant lots 251 
 
 " offensive, not permitted on premises 231 
 
 " pipes, to be kept in good order and repair 277 
 
 u provided for cattle 11 
 
 ". stagnant, to be removed or treated to prevent mosquito 
 
 , breeding : 272 
 
[ndex to the Sanitary Code 233 
 
 Sections 
 
 Water, sufficient to flush sewers, to be used 273 
 
 ■ tanks, construction and cleanliness regulated 61 
 
 Watercloset apartment, no one permitted to sleep or remain 
 
 therein 02 
 
 " to be separately trapped 278 
 
 u trap; no tank overflow to discharge in 280 
 
 ■ ' waste pipe of other fixture to connect to.. . 278 
 
 " maintenance of 284 
 
 ■ odors from 284 
 
 to be provided for factories, dwellings, etc 284 
 
 Waters, of the city, no blood, offal, garbage, etc., allowed to go 
 
 therein 234 
 
 " " the city, not to receive contents of privy vaults, cess- 
 pools, cistern or sink . 235 
 
 ■ public, prohibiting straw bedding, clothing, etc., to be 
 
 cast into them 356 
 
 Water supply, public, to be protected 166 
 
 Weeds, poisonous 221 
 
 Weight, of receptacles for ashes, garbage, etc., regulated 248 
 
 Well water, use of 168 
 
 Wharf, street sweepings, not to be deposited on without a permit. 252 
 
 Whitewashing, of walls and ceilings, required 60 
 
 Wholesomeness, of dwellings, required 54 
 
 Whooping cough, cases of, to be reported 86 
 
 " " children having, to be excluded from school. ... 94 
 
 Window, sewer or cesspool connected leader near, to be trapped. . 282 
 
 Windows, to be kept in good repair 59 
 
 Wine saloon, common towel in, prohibited 214 
 
 Winter months; heating of surface cars or omnibuses during, 
 
 regulated 304 
 
 Wiped joint, when used 279 
 
 Wood alcohol, sale regulated 124 
 
 " ' to be labeled 124 
 
 u poisoning, to be reported 92, 106 
 
 ■ naphtha, sale regulated 124 
 
 ■ to be labeled 124 
 
 " (methyl alcohol), poisoning, to be reported 92 
 
 Workroom, not to be overcrowded 56 
 
 to be kept clean, lighted, ventilated and safeguarded.. 55 
 Workrooms, suitable and adequate privies or waterclosets for 
 
 Worship, condition of place of, regulated .">7 
 
 Wrought iron pipe, how connections of are to be made 279 
 
234 Index to the Sanitary Code 
 
 Sections 
 Yard sweepings, not to be mixed with business or household 
 
 waste 248 
 
 Yarding of cattle 11 
 
 Y'arn, particles therefrom, not to enter street or occupied build- 
 ing 253 
 
 Yellow fever 103 
 
 Zoolak, milk used in preparation of 156 
 
 " quality of products, regulated 158