C?" THE \ 
 ^ LIBRARIES ^ 
 
 GENERAL 
 LIBRARY 
 
LORD BEKNESS' FR 
 
 
^COI*.COI.L 
 
 SIR JOHN FROISS ART'S I HBRAH^i 
 
 3t. YORK. 
 
 CHRONICLE 
 
 OF 
 
 ENGLAND, FRANCE, SPAIN, PORTUGAL, SCOTLAND, 
 BRITTANY, FLANDERS, 
 
 AND 
 
 THE ADJOINING COUNTRIES ; 
 
 TRANSLATED FROM THE ORIGINAL FRENCH, 
 
 AT THE COMMAND OF KING HENRY THE EIGHTH, 
 
 BY 
 
 Jof)n 33oiircf)ter, ilorti Berners* 
 
 REPRINTED FROM PYNSON'S EDITION OF 
 1523, AND 1525; 
 
 WITH THE NAMES OF PLACES AND PERSONS CAREFULLY CORRECTED, 
 
 TO WHICH ARE ADDED, 
 
 A MEMOIR OF THE TRANSLATOR, 
 
 AND 
 
 J COPIOUS INDEX TO THE WORK, 
 VOL. II. 
 
 iLontion : 
 
 PRINTED FOR F. C. AND J. RIVINGTON ; T. PAYNE ; WILKIE AND ROBINSON ; LONGMAN, HURST, 
 
 REES, ORME, AND BROWN; CADELL AND DA VIES; J.MURRAY; R.H.EVANS; 
 
 J. MAWMAN ; AND R. BALDWIN. 
 
 1813. 
 
Priu'ted bv J. M'Creery, 
 BUck« HoTse-Coort, London. 
 
il ?|ere fjeg^mtetj) tje tftirtie 
 
 antr fourtjje tjofee of s^t Joj)n J^votssart of tfjr fronj>^ 
 
 cles of Cnglantie^ fraunce» ^papgnc^ ^orti>ngale, 
 
 g>cotlantiE. 3Sreta^ne» flauntierfi^ anti otJ)ev places 
 
 atrtopnpg, translatetr out of frencije into englpssfje 
 
 ^V 3[o{)an Bourci^ier, litt|)gt)t, lorDc BSerncvs, tie= 
 
 putie generall of ti)t Jij^nges to\une of Ca= 
 
 lai0 anti mardjcsse of tf)t same; at tftr coiiv 
 
 mauntiement of our mofit Ijigljr retioutetr 
 
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 ^frauttce anti j)igi)e tiefentier 
 
 of ti)t Ci)rj)0ten 
 
 fattjje. $c. 
 
 24812 
 
THE PREFACE OF SIR JOHAN BOURCHIER, KNYGHT, LORDE 
 
 BERNERS. 
 
 SYTHE hystorie (as I haue in my Preface vpon the fyrst volume of this cronycle de- 
 clared) is the wytnesse of tymes, the lyght of trouthe, the lyfe of remembrauce, the 
 maistres of the lyfe, y messanger of olde season, wherof innumerable comodyties 
 growen : I ne thynke the labours myspente, that I at the highe comaundement of our 
 moost redoughted soueraygne lorde Henry the eyght, kyng of Englande and of Frauce, 
 highe defender of the Christen faythe. Sec. haue enployed aboute the translacyon of 
 nowe the foure volumes of sir Johan Froissart, out of Frenche into our Englysshe tong. 
 Certainly nat the boUitie of the same cronycles, in whom are conteygned the warres of 
 these parties, whiche warres (discryued in Frenche by sir Johan Froyssart ryght or- 
 nately), as many that haue great vnderstandynge in dyuers tonges, in whome warres are 
 written, plainly saye, for knyghtly feates, manhode, and humanyte, passe ryght moche 
 the warres of farre countreis: nor the great pleasure that my noble countreymenne of 
 Englande take in redynge y worthy and knightly dedes of their valyaunt auncettours, 
 encorageth me halfe so raoche, as the princely exhorte, whiche, of all erthely kynges 
 the very worshyppe, and honour, our foresaid gracyous soueraygne gaue me; he, who for 
 the manyfolde royall vertues in his highnesse foude, nat of two or thre small realmes, 
 but is worthy to reygne and be kyng ouer the vnyuersall worlde, delyteth in nothynge 
 more than to haue, as I sayd, the moost famous dedes of his predecessours and subiettes 
 sette out with all dilygence ; so that it mought appere to euery mannes sight, ouer what 
 and howe worthy people his aucettours haue done, and nowe his maiestie with all 
 kyngly prudence reigneth : and herin his hyghnesse taketh synguler pleasure to be- 
 holde howe his worthy subiettes, seyng in hystorie the very famous dedes, as it were 
 ymages, represent their valyaunt auncettours, contende by vigorous vertue and man- 
 hode to folowe, yea to passe them if they maye. Truely, the ymages as they vsed in 
 olde tyme to erecte in worshyp and remembraunce of them that were discended of noble 
 blode, ne beare halfe the wytnesse that the noble dedes sette out in hystorie done ; 
 whiche well appereth by the wordes of the prudent kyng Agesilaus, who dying, _co- 
 maunded that neyther ymage nor picture to his resemblauce shulde be made : for if I 
 haue, sayd he, any noble thyng famously done, it shall beare wytnesse ynough of me: 
 if I haue nought done, certainly all the ymages lytell aueylen, as who saythe suche 
 thynges mought be made in mynde of them that were but dastardes, and neuer dyde 
 •worthy dede in all their lyfe : wherfore, for the loue and honour that I beare to our 
 moost puissaunt soueraygne, and to do pleasure to his subiettes, bothe nobles and co- 
 mons, I haue endeuored me to translate out of Freche (as sayd is) into Englysshe the 
 four volumes of sir Johan Froissart, and reduced them into twayne ; wherin it I haue 
 erred, I praye them that shall defaute fynde to cosyder the greatnesse of the hystorie 
 and my good wyll, that aske nothyng elles of them for my great labour, but of their cur- 
 tesy to amende where nede shal be ; and yet for tlieir so doynge, I shall praye to god 
 finally to sende them the blysse of heuen. Amen. 
 
 ^ Thus endeth the preface of sir Johan Bourchier, knight, lord Berners, 
 deptitie of Calais, translatour of this present cronycle: and hereafter foloweth 
 the table, with they chapters as the stande in the boke by order, kc. 
 
HEREAFTER FOLOWETH 
 
 THE TABLE OF THIS PRESENT VOLUME. 
 
 First, Howe syr Johan Bourchyer, gouernour of Gaunt durynge the truse, had 
 newe vitayled the towne of Gaut ; and howe a maner of people, called compor- 
 selles,^ dyd moche hurte in the countrey Capitulo primo. 
 
 Howe y bridge of Taylbourcke was won by the frenchemen ; and howe the englissh- 
 men fortyfied themselfe agaynst the comyng of the frenchmen ; and howe the 
 admyrall of Frauce and his rout aryued at Edenborowe in Scotlande . . Cap. ii. 
 
 Howe the frenchemen founde a wylde countrey of Scotlade, and were yuell content 
 with the admyrall ; and howe he pacyfied them with fayre wordes ; and howe 
 Fraunces Atreman and his company had nerehande taken Ardenbourke in 
 Flaunders Cap. iii. 
 
 Howe the lorde of saint Albyne and Enguerante zendequyn saued Ardenbourke fro 
 takynge ; and howe the queue of Hungery sent ambassadours into Fraunce, to 
 marry therle of Valoyes to her eldest doughter Cap. iv. 
 
 Howe the duchesse of Brabant wrote to duke Frederyke of Bauyere" of the maryage 
 of the yonge frenche kyng with her nese Isabell of Bauyer ;'' and howe the duke 
 and the lady came to Quesnoy Cap. v. 
 
 Howe Fraunces Atreman toke the towne of Dan;" and howe the frenche kynge 
 wedded the lady Isabell of Bauyere,'' and after wente and layde siege to Dan,' Cap. vi. 
 
 Howe dyuers burgesses of Sluse were beheeded ; and howe Sluse was chaunged for 
 the lande of Bethune ; and howe the siege of Dan" contynewed longe . . Cap. vii. 
 
 Howe the gauntoyse fledde out of Dan" by nyght ; and howe the frenchemen toke the 
 towne and distroyed it ; and also howe the kynge dystroyed the countrey of the 
 foure craftes Cap. viii. 
 
 Howe the frenche kynge departed oute of Flaunders, and gaue leaue to his men to 
 departe ; and howe he came to Parys to treate with the ambassadours of Hungry; 
 and howe the marques of Blanqueforte'^ toke by stregth to his wyfe the same lady, 
 enherytour of Hungry Cap. ix. 
 
 Howe the duke of Burbone toke Bertuell in Poictou ; and also of the great assemble 
 ■ that the kynge of Scottes made to entre into Englande Cap. x. 
 
 Howe the frenchemen and scottes wan the castell of Varley," and dystroyed dyuers 
 other townes in Northumberlande ; and howe they withdrewe agayne into Scotlande, 
 whan they knewe that the kynge of Englande was comynge on them with a great 
 
 puyssaunce Cap. xi. 
 
 Vol. II. b Howe 
 
 ' Porkers. ^ Bavaria. = Damme. ■* Brandenburgh ? ' Wark? 
 
VI THE TABLE. 
 
 Howe syr Johan Hollaude slewe syr Rycharde Stafforde : and howe the erle of Staf- 
 forde came to the kynge to demaunde iustyce . Cap. xii, 
 
 Howe the kynge of Englande caused to be dystroyed the churche of Mewreus" in Scot- 
 lande; and howe the barones of Scotlande aimsweied the admyrall of Fraunce, and 
 deuysed to leaue Scotlande and to lette the englysshemen alone. . . . Cap. xiii. 
 
 Howe the kynge of Englande toke Edenborowe, the chiefe cytie of Scotlande ; and howe 
 the duke of Lancastre was in purpose to retourne into Wales^ to close in the IVenche- 
 men and the scottes ; and what the frenchemen and scottes dyd in the sayd coun- 
 trey Cap. xiiii. 
 
 Howe the erle of Oxenforde' brake the pursute that the kynge of Englande had thought 
 to haue made into Wales'" after the frenchmen and scottes ; and howe the kyng re- 
 tourned the same way that he came ; and howe the frenchemen and scottes determyned 
 to retourne againe into Scotlande Cap. xv. 
 
 Howe the frenche lordes were in great paryll in scotlande ; and coude nat finde the 
 meanes to passe ouer the see ; and how they shewed the erles Duglas and Morette** 
 the hardnesse that they founde in that countrey: and what answere they made to 
 them Cap. xvi. 
 
 Howe the admyrall enfourmed the frenche kynge and his counsayle of the state of 
 Scotlande ; and howe the duke of Burgoyne had great desyre to cause y frenche kynge 
 to make a iourney into Englande Cap. xvii. 
 
 Howe by the grace of God two burgesses of Gaunt entred to treate with y duke of 
 Burgoyne for peace ; and howe they gaue the charge therof to a knight of Flaunders ; 
 and what answere the duke gaue vnto them Cap. xviii. 
 
 Howe these two foresayd burgesses assembled their frendes to acomplysshe their en- 
 terprise, and sent syr Johan Delia for the dukes letters of peace . . . Cap. xix. 
 
 Howe syr Johan Delle came to Gaunt to the markette place, where as Roger, and 
 Jaques, and the aldermen of the cytie were ; and howe he delyuered them letters fro 
 the duke of Burgoyne; and howe they of Gaunt sente to Turney ; and of the con- 
 fyrmation of the peace; and of the charters that were made therof . . Cap. xx. 
 
 Howe sir Johan Froissart, auctour of this cronycle, departed out of Fraunce and 
 went to the erle of Foyz, and the maner of his voyage Cap. xxi. 
 
 Howe the prince of Wales and the princesse came to Tarbe ; and of the request y the 
 countesse of Armynake made to the prince and princesse; and howe the countrey of 
 Gascoyne was newly agayne in warre . Cap. xxii. 
 
 Of the warres that y duke of Anion made agaynst the englysshemen ; and howe he re- 
 couered the castell of Maluoysyn in Bygore, whiche was afterwarde gyuen to the erle 
 ofFoize . , Cap. xxiii. 
 
 Howe the garyson and castell of Lourde was caste downe and discomfyted by the great 
 dylygence y the erle of Foiz made Cap. xxiiii. 
 
 Howe the peace was made bytwene y duke of Berrey and the erle of Foyz ; and of the 
 begynnynge of the warre that was bytwene the erle of Foiz and the erle of Ar- 
 mynake Cap. XXV. 
 
 Of the great vertuousnesse and larges that was in the erle of Foize ; and the maner of 
 
 the pytuous dethe of Gascone,' the erles sonne Cap. xxvi, 
 
 Howe syr Peter of Byerne had a stronge dysease, and of the countesse of Bisquay, his wyfe 
 
 Cap. xxvii. 
 
 Of the great solepnyte that the erle of Foiz made at the feest ofsaynte Nycholas, and 
 
 the tale that the Bastot of Maulyon shewed to sir Johan Froissart . . Cap. xxviii. 
 
 Howe 
 
 : Melrose; «> Cumberland. « Suffolk, « Moray. ' Gaston. 
 
THE TABLE. vii 
 
 Howe dyuers capytaynes,englys8he and other, were dyscomfyted before the towne of 
 
 Saxere by the Frenchemen Cap. xxix- 
 
 How a Squyer called Lymosyn tourned frenche ; and howe he caused Loyes Katnbalt 
 
 his copanyon in armes to be taken .., . . Cap. xxx. 
 
 Of the state or ordynauce of the erle of Foize; and howe the towne of yran* rebelled 
 
 for the great traueyle, dommage, and outrage that was done therto . . Cap. xxxi. 
 Howe the kynge of Castyle left the siege of Lyxbone ; and howe they of saynt yrayne". 
 
 excused themselfe Cap. xxxii. 
 
 Of the marueylous batayle that was at Juberothe,'' bytwene the kinge of Castyle and 
 
 kynge Johan of Portugale Cap. xxxiii. 
 
 Of the spanyardes, howe they ordred themselfe and their batayle . . . Cap. xxxiiii. 
 
 Howe the frenche knyghtes and gascons, suche as were taken prisoners at Juberoth''. 
 by the portugaloyes, were slayne by their maysters, and none escaped . Cap. xxxv. 
 
 Howe the kynge of Castyle and all his great batayle were discomfyted by the kyng of 
 Portugale before a vyllage called Juberothe'' Cap. xxxvi. 
 
 Howe a spiryte, called Orthone, serued the iorde of Corasse a longe tyme, and brought 
 him euer tidynges from all partes of the worlde Cap. xxxvii. 
 
 Howe a siege was layde to Breste in Bretayne ; and howe that dyuers englyssh for- 
 tresses aboute the countrey of Tholous were recouered and tourned frenche, 
 
 Cap. xxxviii. 
 
 Howe the castelles of Connall, of Bygore, and of Nefuyll, were taken, and all they within 
 taken, slayne, and hanged Cap. xxxix. 
 
 Howe the kinge of Cypres was slayne and murthered in his bedde by his owne brother, 
 by exortacyon and corruptyon of the infydeles for the bountye and hardynesse 
 that was in hym Cap. xl. 
 
 Howe the kynge of Arniony" was examyned, and howe Ix. M. turkes were slayne and 
 distroyed in the realme of Hungry Cap. xli. 
 
 Howe pope Vrbane and popeClement were at gret discorde togyder; and howe the cristen 
 kyngeswerein varyaunce for their lectyons; andof the warres bytwene them, Cap. xlii. 
 
 Howe they of Portugale sent out messangers into Englande to shewe tydynges of their 
 countrey to the kynge of Englande, and to the great lordes there . . Cap. xHii. 
 
 Howe Laurens Fongase, ambassadour fro the kynge of Portugale into Englande, shewed 
 to the duke of Lancastre the maner of the discorde that was bytwene the realmes of 
 Castyle and Portyngale Cap. xliiii. 
 
 Howe Laurence Fongase shewed the Duke of Lancastre the maner of the batayle of Ju- 
 beroth'' bytwene the kynges of Castyle and Portyngale ...... Cap. xlv. 
 
 Howe the ambassadours of Portyngale had aunswereof the kynge of Englande and great 
 gyftes ; and howe they tooke their leaue and went into their countreys . Cap. xlvi. 
 
 Howe the duke of Lancastre assayled the lordes, knightes, and squyers, that were in the 
 bastydes before Brest in Bretayne, and howe they defended themselfe . Cap. xlvii. 
 
 Howe the duke of Lancastre and his boost whane they had soiourned a moneth at Co- 
 longne,"^ than they departed and rode towarde saynt James in Galyce . Cap. xlviii. 
 
 Of the great apparell and prouyson that generally was made in the realme of Fraunce 
 by the kynge there, and by his counsayle, for a iourney to be made into Englande, and 
 
 also of the deth of Fraunces Atreman . . . . , Cap. Hi.' 
 
 b 2 Howe 
 
 " Santarem. ^ Aljubarota. ^ Armenia. •" Corunna. '' The chapters in the original arc 
 
 60 erroneously numbered, that it is hardly possible to correct them, without producing great confusion. 
 
viii THE TABLE. 
 
 Howe the kyng of Portyngale wrote amyably to the duke of Lancastre, whan he knewe 
 that he was arryued at saynt James in Galyce ; and of the socours that the kynge of 
 Castyle sent for into France ; and howe the towne of Ruelles in Galyce was taken by 
 Englysshemen Cap. liii. 
 
 Howe the duke of Lacastres marshall and his men assayled the towne of Vieclope^ in 
 Galyce, whiche yelded by coposycion ; and of the ambassadours that the duke sent 
 to the kynge of Portyngale Cap. li. 
 
 Howe they of Bayon yelded theym to the duke of Lancastre ; and howe the marshall 
 of his boost entred into the towne and toke possessyon therof .... Cap. liii. 
 
 Howe the duke of Lancastre and the duchesse helde them at saynte James in Galyce ; 
 and of the comforte that the frenche knyghtes gaue to the kynge of Castyle, Cap. Ixii. 
 
 Of the great apparell of shyppes and galeys that the Frenchemen made on the see to 
 passe into Englande Cap. liii. 
 
 Howe the frenche kinge and his vncles arryued at Sluse in Flaunders . . Cap. liiii. 
 
 Howe the frenche kynge taryed at Sluse with his great boost, to the entent to entre into 
 Englande Cap.lv. 
 
 Howe syr Symon Burley wolde haue had by his counsayle saynt Thomas of Caunter- 
 buryes shryne remoued toy castell of Douer, wherby he atchyued great hate, Cap.lv. 
 
 Howe the kynge of Armonye'' passed into Englande, in truste to fynde some meanes of 
 peace or good appoyutment bytwene y kynge of Englande and the frenche 
 kyng Cap. Ivi. 
 
 Howe the kinge of Armony" retourned out of Englande, and of the aunswere that was 
 made to hym ^ Cap. Ivii. 
 
 Howe the duke of Berrey departed fro Parys to come to Sluse ; and howe the constable 
 of Fraunce toke the see, and of the wynde that was contrary to hym . . Cap. Iviii. 
 
 Howe the voy;igeinto Englande was broken by reason of the wyndes and of wynter, and 
 by counsayle of the duke of Berrey Cap. lix. 
 
 Howe kynge Charles of Fraunce and the frenche lordes returned yuell content fro sluse 
 and out of Flaunders, whereas their prouysyons were made to haue gone into Eng- 
 lande ; and of the feest that was made at London Cap. Ix. 
 
 Howe a squier called Jaques le Grise was acused in the parlyament howse at Parys be- 
 fore all the lordes there present, by a knyght called Johan of Carongne, and what 
 iudgement was gyuen vpon them ; and howe they iusted at vttraunce in Paris in a 
 place called saynt Katheryne, behynde the temple ; and howe Jaques le Grise was 
 confounded Cap. Ixi. 
 
 Howe the kyng of Aragon dyed ; and howe the archebysshoppe of Burdeaux was set 
 in prisone in Barcelona Cap. Ixi. 
 
 How a batayle of armes was done in Burdeaux before the seneschall there and dyuers 
 other Cap. Ixii. 
 
 Howe Johan of Bretaygne, sonne to syr Charles of Bloyes, was delyuered out of prison 
 by the meanes of syr Olyuer of Clysson, constable of Fraunce . . . Cap. Ixxii. 
 
 Howe the duke of Burbone was chosen to go into Castyle and dyuers other ; and howe 
 syr Johan Bucke admyrall of Flauders was taken prisoner by the englyssh- 
 men Cap. Ixxii. 
 
 Howe the englysshemen aryued and brent dyuers villages Cap. Ixxiii. 
 
 Howe 
 
 * Villeclope, ^ Armenia. 
 
THE TABLE. ix 
 
 Howe the duke of Lacasteis marsliall toke the towne of Rybadane,^ whiche was strongly 
 kept • Cap. Ixiiii. 
 
 Howe the duke of Lancastre sent for the admyrall and marshall and his other offycers 
 to come to the weddyng,e of his doughter and the kynge of Portyngale, Cap. Ixxiiii. 
 
 Howe the duke of Lancastre and his men rode towardes the cylie of Besances;'' and 
 howe the towne made composycion with them Cap. Ixxv, 
 
 Howe the duchesseand her doughter went to se the kynge ofPortyngale and the quene; 
 and howe the towne of Besances'' submytted them vndcr the obeysaunce of ihe duke of 
 Lancastre Cap. Ixxvi. 
 
 Howe they of Besances"* that had ben sente to the kynge of Castyle came home to their 
 towne after it was rendred vp to the duke of Lancastre Cap. Ixxvii. 
 
 Howe syr Johan HoUande and syr Raynolde de Roy fought togyder in lystes before 
 the duke of Lancastre in the towne of Besances'' Cap. Ixxviii. 
 
 Howe the kynge ofPortyngale and the duke of Lancastre determyned to entre into the 
 realme of Castyle Cap. Ixxix. 
 
 Howe syr Wylliam of Lygnac and sir Gaultyer of Passac came to the ayde of kynge 
 Johan of Castyle Cap. Ixxx. 
 
 Howe a great myschiefe fell in Englande bytwene the gentylmen and comons for ac- 
 compte of suche money as had been reysed of the comons .... Cap. Ixxxi. 
 
 Of the great dyscordes that were in Englande after the breakynge vp of the frenche 
 armye ; and how the gouernours about the kynge were constrayned by the comons of 
 the good townes to make acomptes of such money as was come into their handes the 
 season that they ruled Cap. Ixxxii. 
 
 Howe the constable of Frauce and dyuers other lordes andknyghtes of the realme appa- 
 relled great prouysions to go into Englande to wyn townes andcastels, Cap. Ixxxiii. 
 
 Howe the duke of Bretayne sent for all his lordes and knyghtes to come to coun- 
 sayle vuto Wannes*^ and after counsayle he desyred the constable to go and se his 
 castell of Ermyne; and howe he toke hym there prisoner, and the lorde of Beanma- 
 noyre with hym Cap. Ixxxiii. 
 
 Howe the constable of Frauce was delyuered at the request of the lorde de la Vale, 
 payenge a certayne raunsome ; and howe the constable delyuered to the duke thre 
 castelles and a towne, and payed a hudred thousande frankes . . . Cap. Ix.xxv. 
 
 Howe writinges were made at the duke of Bretayns deuyse for the constable to rendre 
 his towne and castelles to the duke and to his heyres for euer ; and how they were 
 delyuered to the duke Cap. Ixxxvi. 
 
 Howe tydynges came to the frenche kynge fro the parlyes of Almayne, the whiche were 
 to hym ryght displeasaunt, and vnto his vncles Cap. Ixxxvii. 
 
 Howe the Duke of Lacasters men assayled the towne of Aurence, and toke it ; for it gaue 
 vp as other dyd Cap. Ixxxviii. 
 
 Howe the kynge of Portyngale brente a towne whan he Avas departed for Porte, "* and 
 besieged two casteis Cap. Ixxxix. 
 
 Howe the kynge of Portyngale and his host came before Feroule and assauted it, and it 
 •was won and brought vnder the obeysauce of the duke of Lancastre . Cap. Ixxxx. 
 
 Howe the frenche ambassadours came to the duke of Bretayne vpon the takyng of the 
 constable of Fraunce ; and of the answere that was made to them . . . Cap. xci. 
 
 Howe the kyiig of Englandes vncles were of one acorde and alyaunce agaynst the 
 kynge and his counsayle ; and of the murmurynge of the people agaynst the duke of 
 Irelande ; and of the aunswere of the londoners to the duke of Gloucestre, Cap. xcii. 
 
 Howe 
 » Eibada?ia, •> Betan90s. « Vannes. * Oporto. 
 
X THE TABLE. 
 
 Howe the day of accompte came, and there the offycers appered in the presens of the 
 kynges vncles and comons of Englande ; and howe syr Syraon Burley was prisoner 
 in the towre of Lodon ; and howe syr Thomas Tryvet dyed .... Cap. xciii. 
 
 Howe the kyng of Englande departed fro London ; and howe syr Symon Burley was 
 beheeded at London ; and his nephewe also ; and howe the duke of Lancastre was 
 dyspleased Gap. xciiii. 
 
 Howe the counsayle drewe togyder for the reformacyon of the kynge and of the realme ; 
 and howe by the counsayle of the duke of Irelande the kynge was of the accorde to 
 make warre agaynst his vncles, and agaynst the cyties and townes . . Cap. xcv. 
 
 Howe the kynge of Englande made his somons to drawe towardes London ; and howe 
 syr Roberte Tryuylyen" was taken at Westmynster and beheeded, by the comaunde- 
 ment of the kynges vncles Cap. xcvi. 
 
 Howe tydynges came to the kynge of the dethe of his knyght, and demaunded coun- 
 sayle theron ; and howe he ordayned the duke of Irelande soueraygne of all his 
 menne of warre Cap. xcvii. 
 
 Howe y duke of Irelande sent thre knightes to London to knowe some tydynges ; and 
 howe the kynges vncles and they of London went into the feldes to fyght with the 
 duke of Irelande and his affinyte Cap. xcviii. 
 
 Howe the kynges vncles wan the iourney agaynst the duke of Irelande ; and howe he 
 fledde and dyuers other of his company Cap. xcix. 
 
 Howe the duke of Irelande and his company fled ; and howe the kynges vncles were at 
 Oxenforde ; and howe syr Nycholas Bramble'' was beheeded ; and howe the kynge 
 •was sent for by the bysshoppe of Caunterbury Cap. C. 
 
 Howe by the kynge and his vncles all the lordes of Englande were sente for to come to 
 Westmynster to a generall counsayle there to be holden Cap. C.i. 
 
 Howe the kynge of Portyngale with his puyssaunce assembled with the duke of Lan- 
 castre and his puissaunce ; and howe they coulde nat passe the ryuer of Dierne f and 
 howe a squyer of Castyle shewed theym the passage Cap. C.ii. 
 
 Howe the tydynges spred abrode that the kynge of Portyngale and the duke of Lan- 
 castre were passed the ryuer of dierne ;" and howe it came to the kynge of Castylles 
 knowledge ; and howe certayne of the englisshe knyghtes came and rode before vyle 
 Arpent , and howe the kynge of Portugale and the duke of Lancastre determyned 
 there to tary the comynge of the duke of Burbon Cap. C.iii. 
 
 Howe the duke of Lancastre gaue lycence to his men ; and howe an haraulde was sent 
 to the kynge of Castyle ; and howe thre knyghtes of Englande wente to speake with 
 the kynge of Castyle for a saueconducte for the dukes men to passe thoroughe his 
 countrey Cap. C. iiii. 
 
 Howe these thre knyghtes obtayned a saueconducte of the kynge of Castyle for their 
 people to passe ; and howe dyuers of the englysshemen dyed in Castyle ; and howe 
 the duke of Lancastre fell in a great sickenesse Cap. C.v. 
 
 Howe syr Johan Hollande the Duke of Lancastres constable tooke his leaue of the 
 duke, and he and his wyfe retourned by the kynge of Castyle, who made hym good 
 chere : and howe syr Johan Dambritycourt went to Parys to accomplysshe a dede of 
 armes bytwene hym and syr Boucyquaut Cap. Cvi. 
 
 Howe the duke of Burbone departed fro Auignon to go into Castyle with all his boost, 
 and came to Burgus in Spaygne, and there founde the kynge of Castyle; and howe 
 the duke of Lancastre herde those tydynges ; and howe the duke of Burbone 
 departed fro the kyng, and went streyght agayne into Fraunce . . . Cap. C.vii. 
 
 Howe 
 
 » Tresillian. I Bramber. f Dueyo. ^ ViUaiopando; 
 
THE TABLE, xl 
 
 Howe the eile of Foiz rcceyued honourably the duke of Biirbon, and of the great gyftes 
 that he "-aue hym ; and howe syr Willyam of Lygnac and syr Gaultyer of Passackes 
 company departed out of Spayne ; and of the incydent that fortuned in the towne of 
 saynte Phagon Cap. C.viii. 
 
 Howe the kynge of Castyle and his counsayle were yuell content with syr Willyam of 
 Lyo-nac and syr Gaultier of Passackes company; and howe the duke of Lancastre 
 departed fro sayntJaques to Bayon Cap. C.ix. 
 
 Howe the erle of Armynake tooke great payne to treate with the corapanyons to de- 
 parte out of the reahne of Fraunce Cap. C.x. 
 
 Howe the erle Reynolde of Queries" who had layde all his landes in guage, and wyste 
 nat what to do, came for refuge to the archebysshoppe of Cologne his vncle, who 
 blamed hym ; and howe ambassadours went to Berthaulte of Malygnes*" . Cap. Cxi. 
 
 Howe the erle Reynolde of Guerles' was maryed to Mary, doughter to Berlhalte of 
 Malygnes,'' by whome he hadde a doughter, and after maryed agayne in Englande, 
 and hadde issue two sonnes and a doughter ; and howe syr Johan of Bloyes wedded 
 the eldest doughter of the erle of Queries,^ and howe after, the countie of Guerles^ re- 
 mayned with the erle of Guerles" yongest doughter Cap. C.xii. 
 
 Howe these castelles of Gauleche, Buthe, and Null, came to the duke of Brabant ; and 
 howe the duke of Julyers sustayned the Lynfars in his countre, who robbed all maner 
 of people; and of the great assemble that the duke of Brabante made to go to Julyers; 
 and howe he was dyscomfyted Cap. C.xiii. 
 
 Howe the duke of Brabant dyed ; and howe the duke Guillyam of Guerles^ treated with 
 the duchesse of Brabante to haue agayne the thre castelles, and what aunswere he bad ; 
 and howe he made alyaunce with the kynge of Englande Cap. C.xiiii. 
 
 Howe the duchesse of Brabante sent messangers to the frenche kynge, complaynynge 
 of the duke of Guerles ;•■ and howe the kynge and his counsayle were sore busyed with 
 incydentes that fell in the realme of Fraunce, as well for the defyaunces of Guerles" 
 as the busynesse in Bretayne Cap. C.xv. 
 
 Howe by a straunge fortune the kynge of Nauer dyed in the cytie of Pampylona ; and 
 howe Charles his sonne was crowned ; and howe Vanchadore' was besieged by the 
 duke of Berrey ; and howe the duke of Burgoyne sente to the duchesse of Brabante, 
 
 Cap. C.xvi. 
 
 Howe the frenchemen after they had brent and ryfled the towne of Seaull retourned to 
 their garyson ; and of the ioye that the duke of Burgoyne and the duchesse of Brabant 
 made for thatdede; and howe syr Johan Boesme Launce''dyscomfyted theenglysshemen, 
 
 Cap. C.xvii. 
 
 How syr Johan Boesme Launce'' ledde these prisoners to Mount Ferante ; and howe they 
 of the countrey were giadde whan they herde of this entreprise ; and howe Geronet 
 and his company Avere selte to raunsome, and delyuered by the money that Perot of 
 Bierne lent hym Cap. C.xviii. 
 
 Howe Geronet of Mandurat with twelue of his company retourned to Mount ferant; 
 and howe Perot of Bernoys with four hundred speares wente to Mount Ferante ; 
 and wolde nat entre into the towne by none other way but in at the gate, Cap. C.xix. 
 
 Howe Geronet lette in Perot le Bernoys and his company into the towne of Mount 
 ferant, whereof the countrey was afrayde ; and howe the kynge and his vncles beynge 
 at Parys were therwith sore dyspleased, and also the erle Dolphyn of Auuergne, 
 
 Cap. C.xx. 
 
 Howe Perotte le Bernoys and his company tooke their counsayle, and determyned nat 
 
 * Reginald of Gueldres; " Meclilin; ' Ventadour. t Bonne-lance. 
 
xii THE TABLE. 
 
 to kepe the towne of Mount ferant; and liowe the sayd Perot and his company 
 departed thens by night with all their pyllage and prisoners, and wente and refresshed 
 them in the towne of Ousac' Cap. C.xxi. 
 
 Howe they of the towne of Cleremounte made a skrimysshe with these pyllers that 
 had taken and robbed the towne of Moutferant at the gates of the towne, Cap. C.xxii. 
 
 Howe the duke of Berrey marryed the lady Mary his doughter to the erle of Bloyes 
 Sonne ; and hovve the same yere the sonne of the duke of Berrey marryed the lady 
 Mary of Fraunce, suster to the yonge kynge Charles of Fraunce . . Cap, C.xxiii. 
 
 Howe, after the departynge of the duke of Lancastre, all that euer he had wonne in 
 Galyce the frenchemen recouered it in lesse than fyftene dayes ; and howe the En- 
 glysshemen that had ben there in that warre defamed and spake yuell of the coutrey 
 of Galyce; and howe the Frenche kynge sente for the duke of Irelande, 
 
 Cap. C.xxiiii. 
 
 Howe the constable of Fraunce wolde nat accorde that the kynge shulde goo into Al- 
 maygne, bycause of the incydentes of the realme ; and howe the duke of Bretaygne 
 fournysshed his garysons, and made alyauce with the kynge of Englande and with 
 the kynge of Nauerre, and of the army made by the englysshemen . Cap. C.xxv. 
 
 Howe the Brabansoyes layde siege to the towne of Graue ; and howe the Constable of 
 Fraunce tooke saynt Malo and saynte Mathewes, and sette there men in garysone ; 
 and howe the duke of Lancastre was at Bayon, greatly dyscomfyted in that he coulde 
 get no maner of ayde Cap. C.xxvi. 
 
 Howe the duke of Berrey sente letters to the duke of Lancastre to Bayon ; and howe 
 the duke sente the copye of the same letters into Foyze and into Nauerre, to the entent 
 to haue them publysshed in Spayne ; and howe the duke of Bretaygne demaunded 
 counsayle of his men in all his busynesse Cap. C.xxvii. 
 
 Howe the duke of Bretayne delyuercd vp the thre castelles of syr Olyuer of Clyssons ; 
 and howe he receyued ioyously the lorde of Coucy and his company, ambassadours 
 fro the frenche kynge ; and howe the duke of Lancastre made great chere to syr 
 Helyon of Lygnacke, seneschall of Xaynton, ambassadoure fro the duke of Berrey, 
 
 Cap. C. xxviii. 
 
 Howe the kynge of Castyle sente his ambassadours to the duke of Lancastre to treate 
 for a maryage to be hadde bytwene his sonne and the dukes doughter; and howe at 
 the request of the duke of Berrey a truse was made by the duke of Lancastre in the 
 countreys of Tholousyn and Rouergue Cap. C.xxix. 
 
 Howe the Dukes of Berrey and of Burgoyne departed to go to Bloyes ; and howe the 
 duke of Bretayne came thyder ; and howe the dukes dyd so moche that they had 
 hym to Parys, in maner agaynst his wyll Cap. C.xxx. 
 
 Howe Lewes, kynge of Cycyle, entred into Parys in estate royall ; and howe the duke 
 of Bretayne entred on the nyght of saint Johan the Baptyst, the yere of grace a thou- 
 sande thre hundred fourscore and seuyn ; and of a dede of armes done before the 
 kynge at Moutereau fault yon, bytwene a knyght of Englande, called syr Thomas 
 Harpyngham,'' and a frenche knyght, named syr Johan de Barres . . Cap. C.xxxi. 
 
 Howe the duke of Bretaygne entred into Parys, and came to the castell of Loure" to the 
 frenche kynge Cap. C.xxxii. 
 
 Howe the erle of Arundell, beynge on the see more than a moneth, came to the hauen 
 of Maraunt,"^ a lytell fro Rochell ; and howe he sent a messanger to Perot le Bernoys, 
 
 that he and other capytayns shulde kepe the feldes Cap. C.xxxiii. 
 
 Howe 
 
 • Donzac. '' Hapurgan, * The Louvre. '' Marans, 
 
THE TABLE. xiii 
 
 Howe they of Marroys and Rochelloys were sore afrayde of the Englysshemen that 
 were a lande ; and howe they of Rochell made a skrymysshe witli theym; and howe 
 after the englysshemen had pylled the countrey about Maraunt," they drewe agayne 
 
 to the see with their pyllage, whiche was great Cap. C.xxxiiii. 
 
 Howe Perot ie Bernoys and his companyons resorted agayne to their holdes with great 
 pyllage; and howe the duke of Guerles'' coulde haue no ayde of the Englysshemen 
 to reyse the siege before Graue ; and howe the brabansois made a brige ouer the 
 ryuer of meuse, the whiche they of Guerles'' dyd breake, bryn, and dystroy, as ye 
 
 shall here after • • Cap. C.xxxv. 
 
 Howe the Brabansoys passed the ryuer through the towne of Rauesten ouer y bridge 
 there, and so entred into Guerles ;'' than the duke departed fro Nyinay'^ with thre hun- 
 dred speares, and came agaynst them and dyscomfyted them, bytwene Rauesten and 
 
 the towne of Graue Cap. C.xxxvi. 
 
 Howe the duke of Guerles," after he had discomfyted the brabansoys, he went agayne ta 
 Nymay ;' and howe tydynges came to the frenche kynge ; and howe the kynge sent 
 
 ambassadours to the kynge of Almayne'' Cap. C.xxxvii. 
 
 Howe the frenche kynge gaue leaue to the duke of Bretaygtie to retourne into his coun- 
 trey ; and howe the coutrey of Brabant wolde nat consent to the kynges passage nor 
 his army; and howe the ambassadours of Fraunce spedde . . . Cap. C.xxxviii. 
 Howe the erle of Bloys sent to the frenche kinge two hundred speares ; and howe the 
 duke of Lorayne and the lorde Henry of Bare came to tlie kynge ; and howe the 
 dukes of Julyers and of Guerles knewe that the frenche kynge came on them, 
 
 Cap. C.xxxix, 
 
 Howe syr Hellyon of Lygnacke made his reporte to the duke of Berrey ; and howe the 
 lordes of Scotlande assembled toguyder in the cytie of Berdane,' and determyned to 
 reyse vp an armye to entre into Englande ; and of an englyssh squyer who was taken 
 by the scottes, who knewe the secretes of bothe realmes, Englande and Scotlande, 
 
 Cap. C.xl. 
 
 Howe the erle Duglas wan the penon of sir Henry Percy, at the barryers vpon Newe- 
 castell vpon Tyne ; and howe the scottes brent the castell of Poudlen ;' and howe syr 
 Henry Percy and syr Rafe his brother tooke aduyse to folowe the scottes, to conquere 
 agayne the penon that was lost at the skrymysshe Cap. C.xii. 
 
 Howe sir Henry Percy and his brother, with a good nombre of men of amies and archers, 
 went after the scottes to wyn agayne his penon, that the erle Duglas had won before 
 Newcastell vpo tyne; and howe they assayled the scottes before Moutberke^ in their 
 lodgynges .• Cap. C.xlii. 
 
 Howe the erle James Duglas by his valyantnesse encoraged his men, who were re- 
 culed, and in a maner disconfited, and in his so doynge he was wounded to dethe, 
 
 Cap. C.xliii. 
 
 Howe in this bataile sir Rafe Percy was sore hurte, and taken prisoner by a scottisshe 
 knyght Cap. C.xliiii. 
 
 Howe the scottes wanne the batayle agaynst the Englysshemen besyde Ottebridge,^ and 
 there was taken prisoners sir Hery and sir Rafe Percy ; and howe an Englisshe squier 
 wolde nat yelde hym, no more wolde a scottysshe squyer, and so were slayne bothe ; 
 and howe the bysshoppe of Durham and his copany were disconfyted amonge theniselfe, 
 
 Cap. C.xlv. 
 
 Howe sir Mathewe Reedman departed fro the batayle to saue hymselfe ; and howe sir 
 Vol. II. c James 
 
 ' Marans. ;> Gueklres. "= Nimeguen. '' Germany. * Aberdeen. 
 
 ^ Ponlland ? « Otterbourne. 
 
xiv THE TABLE. 
 
 James Lynsey was taken prisoner by y bysshoppe of Durham ; and howe after the 
 batayle scurrers were sent forthe to discouer the countrey .... Cap. C.xlvi. 
 
 Howe the scottes departed, and caryed with them the erle Diiglas deed, and buryed 
 hym in the abbey of Nimayes;" and liowe sir Archambault Duglas and his company 
 departed fro before Carlyle, and retourned into Scotlande .... Cap. C.xlvii. 
 
 Howe the duke of Jullyers came and excused hymselfe of the defyaunce that his son the 
 duke of Guerles'' had made to the Frenche kyng, and so became his subiette ; and of 
 dyuers feates of armes done bitwene the frechemen and the almaygnes before Ren- 
 cougne' Cap. C.xlviii. 
 
 Howe the duke of Julyers and the archebysshop of Coloygne departed fro the Frenche 
 kyng and wente to Nimaye"* to the duke of Guerles;" and howe by tiieir meanes he 
 was reconsyled and brought to peace with the Frenche kynge and with the duchesse 
 of Brabant Cap. C.xlix. 
 
 Howe the erle of Arundell and the knyghtes of Englande beyng on the see, by for- 
 tune of the wynde came to the palyce' besyde Rochell, whose beynge there was sig- 
 nifyed to sir Loyes of Xancere : and of the departyng of the erle of Arundell, 
 
 Cap. C.L 
 
 Howe the admyrall of Fraunce was ordayned by the Frenche kynge and his counsayle 
 as ambassadour, to go to the kynge of Castile ; and howe the duke of Berrey sent to 
 the erle of Foize to treate for a maryage bytwene the duke of Berrey and the erles 
 doughter of Bolonge Cap. C.li. 
 
 Howe Geffray Tete Noyre dyde chose a capitayne ouer his company, and howe he made 
 his testament and so dyed ; and howe the duke of Guerles** departed fro his countrey 
 to go into Pruce,' and of the incydence that fell to hym in the lande of the duke of 
 Stulpe, where he was taken prisoner and disconfyted Cap. C.Iii. 
 
 Howe sir Johan of Vyen dyde his message to kyng Johan of Castyle fro the frenche 
 kynge and his counsayle, and what answere the kynge of Castyle made to hym, 
 
 Cap. C.liii. 
 
 Howe sir Loyes of Xancere went to se the erle of Foize at Orthays ; and howe before 
 the duke of Lacastre at Burdeux there were dedes of armes done bytwene fyue 
 Frenchemen and fyue Englysshemen ; and howe the duchesse of Lancastre went with 
 her doughter into Castyle to kyng John Cap. C.liiii. 
 
 Howe the duchesse of Lancastre departed fro the kyng of Castyle, and wente to Mant- 
 uelF to bring her fathers bones to Ciuyle ; and howe the Frenche kyng sent ambassa- 
 dours to the erle of Foize, to treate for the mariage of the duke of Berrey his vncle 
 with therle of Boloyns doughter Cap. C.lv. 
 
 Howe certaygne vvyse men treated for a peace to endure for thre yere bytwene Frauce 
 and Englande, and all their alyes, as well on the one parte as on the other, by lade and 
 by see Cap. C.lvi. 
 
 Of the ordynaunce of the entre of quene Isabell into the towne of Paris, Cap. C.lvii. 
 
 Howe the lorde of Castell morant, whom therle of saynt Poule had lefte behynde him 
 in Englande, retourned into Fraunce with the charter of the truse, sealed by kynge 
 Richarde and his vncles, to endure thre yere by see and by lande . . Cap, C.lviii. 
 
 The maryage of kynge Loyes, sonne to the duke of Anion, to the doughter of kynge 
 Peter of Arragone ; and howe he went with the quene of Naples his mother to Auig- 
 
 non to se pope Clement Cap. C.lix. 
 
 Howe 
 
 ' Melrose. " Gueldres. ■= Remogne. '' Nimeguen. ' La Palice. 
 
 ' Prussia. ' Montiel. 
 
THE TABLE. xv 
 
 Howe the Frencbe kyng had desyre to go and visyte f farre partes of his realme ; and 
 howe he went fyrste into Burgoyne and to Auignone to se pope Clement, Cap. C.lx. 
 
 Howe sir Peter Courtney cae into Frauce to do armes with sir Guye of Tremoyle ; and 
 howe the lorde of Clary conueyed hym ; and by what occasyou he dyde armes with 
 hym in the marchesse of Calls Cap. C.lxi. 
 
 Howe the iustes at saynt Inguelyert, otherwyse called Sandyngfelde, were enterprised 
 by sir Raynolde of Roye, the yonge sir Bouciquaut, and the lorde of saynt Pye, 
 
 Cap. C.lxii- 
 
 Of the coniplayntes made to the Frenche kynge by the people of Languedocke, in the 
 towne of Besyers, agaynst Betisache, treasourer to the duke of Kerrey, of the great 
 extorcyons that he had made, and of his confession, and of the cruel 1 dethe that he 
 hadde in the sayd towne Cap. C.lxiii. 
 
 Howe the Frenche kyng beynge at Tholous, sent for the erle of Foize, who came thyder 
 and dyd homage to the kyng for the coutie of Foize Cap. C.lxiiii. 
 
 Of the feate and couynaut that was done bytwene the kynge and the duke of Thourayne 
 his brother, whiche of them shulde sonest come to Parys fro Mountpellyer, whiche 
 is a hundred aad fyftie leages asondre, eche of them but with one knight. 
 
 Cap. C.lxv. 
 
 Of the dethe of pope Vrbayne of Rome, called the Antepape ; and howe pope Clement 
 wrote to the Frenche kyng, and to his vncles, and to the vnyuersite ; and of the elec- 
 tyon of pope Bonyface by the cardynals of Rome Cap. C.lxvi. 
 
 Of the yeldynge vp and takynge of the stronge castell of Vanchadore^ in Lymosyn, of 
 olde parteyninge to sir Geffray Teate Noyre Cap. C.lxvii. 
 
 Of the dedes of armes at saynt Ingylbertes, continewyng thyrtie dayes, agaynst all 
 comers of the realme of Englande and other countreis, euery manne thre courses, 
 
 Cap. C.lxviii. 
 
 Of the enterprise and voyage of y^ knyghtes of Fraunce and Englande, and of the duke 
 of Burbone, who was as chiefe of that armye, at the request of the genouoys, to go 
 into Barbary to besiege the stronge towne of Afiryke Cap. C.lxix. 
 
 Of a capitayne, a robber and a pyller of the countre, called Aymergot Marcell, who 
 helde a strong castell in the marchesse of Rouergue, called the Roche of Vandoys ; 
 and howe it was besieged by the vicount of Meaulx, and of the takyng therof ; and 
 howe Aymergot was taken and brought to Parys . Cap. C.lxx. 
 
 Howe the Christen lordes and the genouoys beyng in the ysle of Conymbres'' at ancre, 
 departed thens to go and lay siege to the strong cytie of Affryke in Barbary ; and 
 howe they maynteyned the siege Cap. C.lxxi. 
 
 Howe after this aduenture and domage that fell to the christen men by reason of this 
 assaute before the towne of Aflfryke, and that so many knyghtes and squyers were 
 deed, they maynteygned themselfe more wiselyer after than they dyde before, and 
 contynued their siege a longe season after Cap. C.lxxii. 
 
 Of a feest and iustes made by the kyng of Englande in London, whyle the Christen 
 knyghtes and squyers were at the siege before the towne of Affryke agaynst the sara- 
 syns ; and howe this feest was publisshed in dyuers countreis and landes. 
 
 Cap. C.lxxiii. 
 
 Howe and by what incydent y siege was reysed before the towne of Affryke, and by 
 what occasyon, and howe euery man retourned to their owne countreis, 
 
 Cap. C.lxxiiii. 
 c2 Of 
 
 ' Ycntadour. " Commeresj or Conunino. 
 
xvi THE TABLE. 
 
 Of thenglysshe knyghtes that were sente to Parys to the Frenche kyng fro the kyng of 
 
 Englande and his vncles, to treate for a peace Cap. C.lxxv. 
 
 Of the dethe of kynge Johan of Castyle, and of the crownynge of kynge Henry his 
 
 Sonne Cap. C.lxxvi. 
 
 Of the army of the yonge erle Johan of Armynake, and of the voyage that he made 
 into Lombardy ; and howe he dyed at the siege before the towne of Alexadre, 
 
 Cap. C.Ixxvil. 
 Howe sir Peter of Craon fell in the Frenche kynges displeasure and in the Duke of 
 Thourayns, and after he was receyued by the duke of Bretayne . Cap. C.lxxviii. 
 Of the dethe of the yonge erle Loyes of Chastellon, sonne to therle Guye of Bloys, 
 
 Cap. C.lxxix. 
 Of the sodayne dethe of the erle Gascone of Foize, and howe the erle of Chastellon cae 
 
 to his enherytaunce Cap. C.lxxx. 
 
 Howe the treatie of peace renewed at Towers inThourayne, bytwene the Frenche kynge 
 and the duke of Bretayne; and of the maryage of the doughter of Fraunce to the 
 Sonne of Bretayne; and of Johan of Bretayne, erle of Ponthieur, and the doughter of 
 
 the duke of Bretayne Cap. C.lxxxi. 
 
 Howe the erle of Bloyes and Mary of Namure his wyfe solde the countie of Bloyes 
 and all their landes to y duke of Thourayn, the frenche kynges brother, 
 
 Cap. C.lxxxii. 
 Howe sir Roger of Spaygne and sir Espaygne du Lyon spedde with the Frenche kynge 
 and his counsayle for the Vycount of Chastellons busynesse ; and howe he was set 
 in possessyon in the countie of Foize, and of the money that he payde. 
 
 Cap. C.lxxxiii. 
 Of the great assemble that was made at Amyence of the Frenche kynge and his 
 cousayle, and of the kyng of Englandes vncles, on the treatie of peace, 
 
 Cap. C.Ixxxiiii. 
 Howe sir Peter of Craon, throughe yuell wyll, by subtile crafte, beate downe sir Olyuer 
 of Clysson, wherwith the kynge and his counsayle were sore displeased. 
 
 Cap. C.lxxxv» 
 Howe in great dilygence the Prouost of Parys pursued sir Peter of Craon, 
 
 Cap. C.lxxxvi. 
 
 Of the great armye and voyage that the Frenche kyng purposed to make into Bretaygne 
 
 agaynst the duke, bycause he susteyned sir Peter of Craonne ; and howe in that voyage 
 
 the kyng fell sicke, wherby the voyage brake Cap. C.lxxxvii. 
 
 Howe the duke of Thourayne, brother to the Frenche kynge, resigned the Duchy of 
 Thouraygne into the kynges handes, and howe by exchaunge the kynge gaue hym 
 the duchy of Orlyauce, and so euer after he was called the duke of Orlyaunce, 
 
 Cap. C.lxxxvii. 
 
 Howe the dukes of Burgoyn and of Berrey, vncles to the Frenche kynge, had the gouer- 
 
 naunce of the realme ; and howe they chased and toke suche as gouerned the kyng 
 
 before Cap. C.Ixxxix, 
 
 Howe sir Olyuer (Jf Clysson, constable of fraunce, departed out of Parys, after the an- 
 swere that the duke of Burgoyne had made hym, and went to Mount le Heury, and 
 fro thens into Bretayne Cap. C.xc. 
 
 Howe the treuse whiche was accorded bytwene Englande and Fraunce for thre yeres was 
 renewed ; Cap. C.xci. 
 
 Of 
 
THE TABLE. xvii 
 
 Of the aduenture of a Daunce that was made at Parys in lykenesse of wodhouses, 
 ^^llerei^ the Frenche kyngc was in paryll of dethe <-ap. C.xcn. 
 
 Howe pope Bonyface and Uie cardynals of Rome sent a Frere, a wyse clerke, to the 
 
 ,. * . ' I ^ Cap. Cxcni. 
 
 I'renche kynge ' 
 
 Howe the mai-ia-e w.is treated of y lorde Philyppe of Arthoyes, erle of Ewe, and the 
 lady Mary of JBerry, wydowe, doughter to the duke of Berrey ; and howe lie was ad- 
 mytted costable of Fraunce Cap. C.xcnu. 
 
 Of the forme of the peace made bytwene the Frenche kyng and the kyng of Englade by 
 nieanes of the four dukes, vncles to bothe kynges Cap. C.xcv. 
 
 Of the dethe of pope Clemet at Auignon, and of the electyon of pope Benedict, Cap. C.xcvi. 
 
 Ofa clerke named maisterJohan of Warennes Cap. C.xcvii- 
 
 Howe the kynge of England gaue to the duke of Lancastre and to his heyres for euer the 
 ducheof Acquitayne; and howe the kynge prepared to go into Irelande, and the duke 
 into Acquitayne Cap. C.xcvni. 
 
 Of the dethe of queue Anne of Englande, wyfe to kynge Richarde, doughter to y kynge 
 of Boesme'and-Emperour of Almayne Cap. C.xcix, 
 
 Howe sir John Froissart arryued in Englande, and of the gyfte ofa boke that he gaue 
 to the kyng ^^P' ^^• 
 
 Of the refuce of them of Acquitayne made to the duke of Lancastre; and howe they 
 sente into Englade to the kynge and his cousayle, shewyng hym the wyll of the hole 
 coutrey of Acquitayne Cap. CC.i. 
 
 The deuyse and of the conquest that kynge Richarde had made in Irelande ; arid 
 howe he brought to his obeysaunce foure kynges of that countrey . • Cap. CC.ii. 
 
 Of the ambassade that the kynge of Englande sent into Frauce to treate of the maryage 
 bytwene ihe lady Isabeli, the Frenche kynges eldest doughter, and hymselfe ; and of 
 the louynge aunswere they liadde Cap. CCni. 
 
 Of a squyer named Robert the Hermyt, howe he was sent to the treaties of the peace 
 holden at Balyngham ;'' and howe he was after sente into Englande to kynge Richarde 
 and his vncles ^^^P- CC.iui. 
 
 Of the delyueraunce of the lorde de la Riuer and sir John le Mercier ; and howe they 
 
 were putte out of prisone Cap. CC.v. 
 
 Of the peace that was had bytwene the duke of Bretaygne and syr Olyuer of Clysson, 
 
 Cap. CC.vi. 
 
 Howe the kynge of Hungry wrote to the Frenche kynge the state of the great Turke ; 
 and howe Johan of Burgoyne eldest sonne to the duke of Burgoyne, was chiefe arid 
 heed of the armye that went thyder Cap- CC.vii. 
 
 Howe the erle of Ostreuaunt enterprised togo into Fryse Cap. CC.vn. 
 
 Of tlie iudgement made in the Parlyament for the queue of Naples agaynste sir Peter 
 ofCraon ■ Cap. CC.ix. 
 
 Of the conclusyon of the maryage taken at Parys, bytwene the kynge of Englande and 
 Isabeli doughter to the Frenche kynge ; and howe the duke of Lancastre re- 
 maryed " Cap. CC.x. 
 
 Howe the great turke desyred the soudan and many other kynges, Sarasyns,to ayde hym 
 with men of warre to resyst agaynst the christen men ; and howe many valyaunt sa- 
 rasyhs came to hym out of fjirre countreis Cap. CC.xi. 
 
 Howe the lorde of Coucy and other lordes of the christen men about a. xv. hundred speares 
 
 disconlyted 
 
 * Bohemia. '' Leulinghan. 
 
xviii THE TABLE. 
 
 disconfyted afyiie thousande Turkes durynge the siege before Nicopoly, Cap. CC.xii. 
 Howe the peace bytwene Eiiglande and Fraunce contynewed ; and of the maryage of 
 
 the kyng of Englande with the doughter of Fraunce Cap. CCxiii. 
 
 Howe the erle of Heynaulte and the erie of Ostreuaunt his sonne, made a great armye 
 
 of men of armes, knightes and squyers, to go into Fryse^ . . . . Cap. CC.xiiii. 
 Of the armye that the Frenche kyng sent into Fryse" in the ayde of his cosyns, and the 
 
 lorde Valeran, erle of saynt Poule, and the lorde Charles de la Brethe were capltayns, 
 
 Cap. CC.xv. 
 Howe the maryage of the kynge of Englande to the doughter of Fraunce was ordred ; 
 
 and howe the Frenche kyngdelyuered his doughter to The kynge of Englande in his 
 
 tent, bytwene Arde and Calais Cap. CC.xvi. 
 
 How« the siege before Nicopoly in Turkey was reysed by Lamorabaquy ;'' and how 
 
 the Frenchemen were discofyted; and howe the hungaryons fledde . Cap. CC.xvii. 
 Of the pouertie and misery that the christen knyghtes of Fraunce and other nacions 
 
 endured in the comynge home to their countreis Cap. CC. xviii. 
 
 Howe the trewe tydynges of the batayle in Turkey was knowen in the Frenche kynges 
 
 house Cap. CC.xix. 
 
 Howe the duchesse of Orlyaunce, daughter to the duke of Myllayne, was hadde in sus- 
 
 pecte of the Frenche kynges syckenesse Cap. CC.xx. 
 
 Howe the duke of Burgoyn and the duches his wyfe tooke great dilygence to fynde the 
 
 meanes to redeme out of prisone the Erie of Neuers their sonne, and the other pri- 
 soners beyng in Turkey Cap. CC.xxi. 
 
 Howe the Duke of Gloucestre subtelly sought out the meanes howe to distroy kynge 
 
 Richarde of Englande, his nephewe Cap. CC.xxii. 
 
 Howe the Duke of Gloucestre was taken by the erle Marshall, by the comaundement of 
 
 the kynge Cap. CC.xxiii. 
 
 Howe the lordes of Frauce retourned by see to Venyce ; and of the ysles they founde 
 
 by the waye Cap. CC.xxiiii. 
 
 Howe after the retourne of the lordes of Fraunce, the Frenche kynge entended what he 
 myght, to sette a Concorde and peace in the churche Cap. CC.xxv. 
 
 Of the dethe of y duke of Gloucestre and of the erle of Arundell ; and howe the kynges 
 vncles and the Londoners tooke the mater Cap. CC.xxvi. 
 
 Of the great armye that was made in the citye of Reynes, as well by the Emperoure as 
 of the realme of Fraunce on the state of holy churche .... Cap. CC.xxvii. 
 
 Howe the erle marshall in Englande apealed by guage of vtteraunce therle of Derby, 
 sonne to the duke of Lancastre, in the presence of the kynge and his counsayle, 
 
 Cap. CC.xxviii. 
 
 Howe Jcyng Richarde gaue sentence wherby he banysshed out of Englande the erle of 
 
 Derby for ten yere, and therle Marshall for euer Cap. CC.xxix. 
 
 Howe the erle of Derby departed fro Lodon to go into Fraunce, and the erle Marshall 
 
 went into Ftauders, and so into Lombardy Cap. CC.xxx. 
 
 Howe the lorde Guyllyam, erle of Ostreuaunt, sent to his cosyn, the erle of Derby, cer- 
 tayne messangers ; and howe the erle came to Parys, and howe he was receyued, _ 
 
 Cap. CC.xxxi. 
 
 Howe the treatie that had been at Reynes bytwene the Frenche kynge and the kyng 
 
 of Almaygne, concerning the vnyte of y churche was folowed ; and howe the 
 
 hyshoppe of Cambrey was sent by the sayd kynges to Rome and to Auignon, to 
 
 them 
 
 " Friezland. t Bajazet. 
 
THE TABLE. xix 
 
 them that wrote themselfe popes, to thentent that they shuld depose themselfe fro 
 their papalytees, and submytte them to the order of these two kynges, 
 
 Cap. CC.xxxif. 
 
 Howe the Freche kyng assembled the prelates and other noble me of his realme with the 
 vnyuersy te of Parys, to take counsayle howe they shulde order pope Benedic at Auignon, 
 
 Cap. CC.xxxiii. 
 
 Of the answere of the duke of Lancastre to the knyght sent to hym fro his sonne,therle 
 of Derby; and howe the duke of Lancastre dyed Cap. CC.xxxiiii. 
 
 Howe the dethe of the duke of Lancastre was knowen in Fraunce ; the kynge of Eng- 
 lande wrote in maner of ioye to the Frenche kynge therof, and wrote nothyng therof 
 to iherle of Derby, who was the dukes son Cap. CC.xxxv. 
 
 Of the treatie of a maryage bytwene the erle of Derby and the duke of Berreys dough- 
 ter ; and howe kyng Richarde of Englande dyde lette it, by the erle of Salisbury, 
 
 Cap. CC.xxxvi. 
 
 Howe kynge Richarde ordayned to go into the marchesse of Irelande, Cap. CC.xxxvii. 
 
 Howe the archebysshoppe of Caunterbury was sente into Fraunce to therle of Derby, 
 fro the Londoners and other counsayls of Englande, to haue hym to retourne Inte 
 Englande Cap. CC.xxxviii. 
 
 Howe the erle of Derby tooke ieaue of the Frenche kyng, and went to his cosyn the 
 duke of Bretayne Cap. CC.xxxix. 
 
 Howe the erle of Derby arryued in Englande ; and howe he was receyued of y Lodoners, 
 
 Cap.CC.xL 
 
 ■Howe tidynges cae to kynges Richarde of the comyng of therle of Derby with great 
 puissaunce Cap. CC.xli. 
 
 Howe kyng Richarde yclded hymselfe to the erle of Derby to go to London, 
 
 Cap. CC.xli. 
 Of the state of quene Isabell of Englande, and howe she had all newe persones apoynt- 
 ed to wayte vpon her ; and howe kynge Rycharde was sette in the towre of London, 
 
 Cap. CC.xlii. 
 
 Howe kyng Richarde of Englande resined the crowne and the realme into the handes of 
 the erle of Derby, duke of Lancastre Cap. CC.xliiii. 
 
 Of the coronacyon of kynge Henry duke of Lancastre, by the consent of the realme, 
 and the maner of the feest Cap. CC.xlv. 
 
 Howe newes of the takyng of kyng Rycharde was knowen in Fraunce by the comynge 
 thyder of the lady Coucy ; and howe the Frenche kynge was displeased. 
 
 Cap. CC.xlvi. 
 
 Howe the Frenche. kyng reysed vp an armye to sende vpon the fronters of Englade, 
 
 Cap. CC.xlviii. 
 Of the dethe of kynge Rycharde of Englande ; and howe the treuse bytwene Englande 
 and Fraunce was renewed, and also of the deposycion of pope Benedic at Auignon, 
 
 Cap. CC.xlix> 
 
 FINIS. 
 
Ilf- 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 Howe sir Johan Bourchier, gouernoiir of Gaunt, during the truse had newe vitayled 
 the towne of Gaunt. And horve a maner of people called comporsels' dyde moche 
 hurte in the countre. 
 
 CAPITULO PRIMO. 
 
 SIR John Bourchier who had y gouernyng of Gaut vnder kynge Rycharde of Eng- 
 lande, and the capiteyns of the comontie of the towne, as Peter de Boyes, fraces 
 Atreman, and Peter le Myttre,'' they prouyded surely for the warre, and duryng 
 the truse they had greatly vitayled and refresshed the towne with all prouJsion 
 parteyning to the warre, and also the castell of Gauure, and other places vnder their 
 rule. 
 
 In the same season there was a copany of rutters gadered togyder in the wode of 
 Respayle, and there they had fortifyed a house, so that it coude nat lightly be wonne ; 
 they were people chased out of Alos, of Grantmount, and out of other places in Flau- 
 ders, and had lost all that euer they had, and wyst nat how to lyue, but by robbyng 
 and pillyng wheresoeuer they coude gete it: so that there waa as than no spekynge but 
 of these pyss^s of Respayle. This woode is bytwene Regnays and Grauntmount, 
 Anghien and Lysen :' they dyde moche hurt in the lordship of Athe, and in the lande 
 of Floberge, and of Lyssines, and in the lande of Dang hien ; and these pyllers were 
 borne out by them of Gaunt, for vnder the coloure of them they dyde moche hurt as in 
 robbynge and sleynge ; they wolde go into Heynalte and take men and women in their 
 beddes, and leade them to their forteresse, and raunsome the at their pleasure: they 
 made warre to euery man. The capitayne of Athe, who was called Baudrius de la 
 Mocte,'' layde often tymes awayte for them, but he coude neuer trappe them, they 
 knewe so many shyftes. They were so feared iu the froters of Heynalte and Brabant, 
 that none durst go that waye into the countre. 
 
 The duke of Burgoyne on the other parte, for the warr that he loked for, he gar- 
 nysshed and prouided for all his townes in Fladers. There was capitayne of Bruges, 
 the lorde of Guystelles, and of Courtrey, sir Johan Jeumount, and sir Willyam of 
 Namure.* As than sir Willyam of Guystels was lorde of Dan/ and of Courtray, sir 
 Johan Jeumount, and sir Peter of Neyper.^ In lyLovisc In all the townes on the fronter 
 
 Vol. II. B of 
 
 • Porkers. '' Le Nuilre. ' Lyssines. '' Lorde Baudrius, and de la Motte. 
 
 ' " For Sir William of Namur was at that time Lord of Sluys." — Fromtbe Lyons' edition. ' Damme. 
 
 « " Sir Peter de la Sieple was Lord of Ipres."— Lyons' edition. 
 
2 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 of Fraunce, there were men of warre set by the duke of Burgoyne. In the towne of 
 Ardenbourcke, there was in garyson sir Guy of Pontailiyer, marshall of Burgoyn, sir 
 Ryflarte, ofFlaunders, sir Johan of Jeumont, sir Henry of Coynge, the lorde of Mon- 
 tigny, in Ostrenant,' the lorde of Longueuall, sir Johan Barnet,'' sir Peter Baylleull, 
 Philpot Gany, Raoleyn de la Foley, and dyuers other; these men of armes were two 
 hundred ; and so they toke aduyse toguyder, and were in wyll to ryde into the foure 
 craftes,' and distroy that countre, for moche vitayle came fro thens into Gaut ; and so 
 on a day they departed and toke that way, and the same day that the frenchemen were 
 rydden forthe, there was rydden forthe out of Gaunt a two thousande men mete for 
 the warre, and Frauces Atreman was their capitayne : and so sodainly they mette with 
 the frenchmen in a village, and whan eche of them knewe other, they sawe well they 
 shulde haue batayle. Than the frenchmen valiantly set fote to the erthe, and approched 
 their ennemyes, and the gauntoyse in lykewise set on them ; there they beganne to shote 
 and to fight eche with other; they were on suche a place that the gauntoyse coude nat 
 passe at their aduautage ; there was a sore batayle, aud many feates of armes done on 
 bothe partes, and dyuers caste to the grounde : Sir Riflart of Flaunders was ther a good 
 knight, and dyd valiantly. The knightes and squyers fought valiantly with the gau- 
 toyse, and so it behoued them to do, for there was no raunsome ; but finally the gaun- 
 toyse were of suche nombre that they obteyned the place, and the frenchmen were con- 
 strayned to lepe on their horses or els they had been all lost, for the gauntoyse sur- 
 mounted them. And there was slayne sir John Varlet,'' sir Peter of Bailleule, Bell 
 Fdrrier, Philyppe of Ganey, Raolen de la Foley, and dyuers other, whiche was areat 
 domage ; and the other were fayne to flye, and to entre into Ardebourcke, or els they 
 had ben deed without recouerie. And after this aduenture, the vycount of Meaulx was 
 sent in garyson to Ardenbourcke, with a certayne nombre of men of armes, and they 
 newly repayred the towne, and he had with hym a hudred speares of good men of 
 armes. And as than sir Johan of Jeumont was great baylye of Flaunders, and so 
 he had ben two yere before: he was greatly douted in all the countre of Flaunders, 
 bycause of his valyantnesse ; and whan he might get any of the gauntoyse, there 
 went no raunsome for them, for he outlier putte them to dethe, or els cutte of their 
 handes and fete, or putte oute their eyen, and sende them home, to gyue ensaple 
 to the other gauntoyse; he was so renoumed in Flaunders to do iustyce without 
 pytie in correctyng the gauntoyse, that there was no spekyng in all Flaunders but of 
 hym. 
 
 Thus in euery Realme the worlde was in trouble, as well bitwene Frauce and Eng- 
 lande, as Castell'' and Portyngale, for ther the warre was newly renewed ; and the lady 
 of Aniowe, who wrote herselfe quene of Naples and of Hierusalem, was come to Auyg- 
 non to the pope, and there kepte her house, and her son Loyes with her, who was 
 called kynge of Cecyle, the whiche his father hadde conquered ; the quenes entencyon 
 was to make warre in Prouence, without they of that countre wolde take her for their 
 lady, and become vnder her obeysauce, and sir Bernarde de la Salle was entred into 
 Prouence, and made warre tUerp in her quarell. The same season y lorde of Coucy 
 was also at Auygnon, and had layen a xv. wekes in his bedde, of a hurte that he hadde 
 on his legge with rennyng of a horse : and whan he was hole, than he oftentymes dyde 
 vyset the quene and recoforted her, the whiche he coulde do right well : the quene 
 taryed there for to abyde for the duke of Berrey, who was also comynge to Auignon to 
 speke with the pope, and to ayde his suster the quene. The frenche kyng and his vn- 
 cles hadde sente into Prouence dr T^oyesof Sanxere, marshall of Fraunce, with fyue 
 hudred men of armes to warre in that coutre, wunoui they wokle come to obeysaunce 
 
 vnder 
 
 ' Ostrevant. '' Bernecte. * Quatre Mestiers. * Castile. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 3 
 
 vnder the quene : some subrnytted themselfe, but nat all ; howebeit, the cytie of Mar- 
 cell," and the grettest parte of the countre yelded them to the quene, but the cytie of 
 Ayes, in Prouence, and Tarraston,'' and dyueis knyghtes of the countre, wolde nat 
 yelde them to the quene, sayeng, howe she had no ryght to demaunde the countie of 
 Prouence, tyll she were peasably receyued for lady, and her sonne as kynge, of Pulle,' 
 and Calabre, in Naples, and Cecile, and whan she hath possession of these, than Pro- 
 uece shall obeye her, as reason requyreth. In those marchesse there made warre for 
 the erle Sir Charles de la Paixe," the erle Conuersaunt,' and sir Johan of Luzenbourge,^ 
 his Sonne. And with the quene at Auignon, as chefe of her counsayle, was sir Johan 
 ofBaylleule.'^ 
 
 In the same season there fell in Lombardye a marueylous insydence, which was moche 
 spoken of throughe out all the worlde, and that was of the Erie of Vertus, called sir 
 Galeas,' and of his brother sir Barnabo, the grettest in all Lombardy ; they had raygned 
 longe and gouerned all Lobardy lyke two bretherne: the one of them ruled nyne cyties, 
 and the other tenne, and the cyte of Millayne was gouerned one yer by the one, and 
 thother yeie by the other ; whan sir Galeas dyed, he lefte behynde hym a sonne, who 
 was than erle of Vertus, and named like his father sir Galeas, but than swaged the loue 
 bitwene him and sir Barnabo, his vncle, for than sir Galeas doughted hym of sir Bar- 
 nabo, his vncle, leest that he woldc take away his lades fro him, lyke as he dyde fro his 
 father, for hia v'ncle of olde tyme" toke awaye the lande fro their brother sir Mauffe,' 
 and caused him to dye. So thus therle of Vertus douted hym greatly of his vncle ; 
 howebeit, he wrought subtelly to bringe hymselfe in suretie, I shall shewe you howe. 
 Sir Barnabo had in'vsage, that all suche landes as he had rule of, he raunsomed the so 
 greuously, and wolde taxe the men two or thretymes in a yere, to paye the halfe or thirde 
 parte of their goodes, and none durst saye agaynst hym for feare ; and sir Galeas, erle 
 of Vertus, dyde otherwyse, for the entent to gete loue ; he toke none ayde of his men, 
 but lyued all onely by his reuenewes, and that rule he kept a fyue yere after the dethe 
 of his father, so that he had the loue of all Lombardy, and euery man said they wolde 
 be gladde to lyue vnder hym, and euery man spake yuell of sir Barnabo priuely as they 
 durst, bycause he toke so excessyuely of them ; so finally the Erie of Vertus thought to 
 execute his entent, as he that doughted greatly his vncle, and as it was sayde he 
 sawe some lykelyhode. On a day he sente secretely for surhe as he trusted best, 
 and to some he shewed his entent, but nat to all, for feare that his purpose shulde be 
 knowen. 
 
 And so it fortuned that sir Barnabo on a daye rode forthe fro one Castell to another 
 to sporte hym: the erle of Vertus his nephewe knewe therof, and layde for hym thre 
 busshementes, to the entent that his vncle shulde nat scape, for he must nedes at leest 
 passe by one of them ; the erle comauded to take hym but nat to slee him, without he 
 made great defece. So as sir Barnabo roode forthe and thought none yuell, nor was 
 in no feare of his nephewe, so he fell in the daunger of one of the busshmentes, the 
 whiche opyned and approched hym with their speares couched in the rest. Sir Barnabo 
 bad with hym a squyer of Almaygne," who came to hym -^nd saytl, Sir, saue yourselfe, 
 for yonder company maketh but yuell countenaunce agaynst you, they are parteyning 
 to youre nephewe sir Galeas ; Sir Barn«L.o aunswered, I knowe nat howe to saue myselfe, 
 if they owe me any yuell wyll, but I haue done no trespasse to my nephue, wherby 
 that I ought toflye awaye ; so alwayes they of the busshement drewe nerer and nerer 
 streight vpon him. There was a knight of Almaygne" with sir Barnabo, and whan he 
 
 B 2 sawe 
 
 " Marseilles. "^ Tarrascon. ' Apulia. * It should be "against." ' Durazzo. 
 
 ' Count of Conversano. ' Luxemburg. " Bueil. ' The name of these brethren was 
 
 Visconti. ' This is strangely mistranslated ; it ought to be " like as his father and his uncle of 
 
 old time," &c. ' Matthew. " Germany. 
 
4 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 sawe this company approche towarde his maister, he had sir Barnabos swerde in his 
 hade and drcAve it oute of the sheth, and tooke it his maister, and sayd, Sir, defende 
 yourselfe,^ and than the knight drewe out his owne swerde lyke a valyant man to stande 
 at his defence ; howbeit, all aueyled hym nothyng, for incotynent he was enuyroned, 
 and his mayster also, with their ennemyes, and the sayd knight was ther slayne, bycause 
 he putte hymselfe to defence, wherof sir Galeas was afterwarde ryght sore displeased. 
 So sir Barnabo was there taken, for he made no defence, nor none of his men, and so 
 he was brought to a castell wher his nephue was, who was gladde of his comynge. The 
 same day sir Barnabos wyfe and chyldren were taken, who were to mary, and they were 
 kepte in Myllayne in prison. Than sir Galeas toke all the seignories, townes, and cas- 
 tels, that parteyned to sir Barnabo in all Lombardy, to his possessyon, and his vncle 
 dyed, I can nat saye howe ; I thynke he was lette blode in the necke, accordynge to the 
 blode lettyng in Lomb.irdy, whan they wyll auauce a mannes ende. Anone these ti- 
 dynges sprang abrode ; some were glad therof, and some were sorie, for this sir Barnabo 
 hadde done in his tyme many cruell and honyble dedes, and pytuous iustyce with- 
 oute reason, so that but fewe people complayned his trouble, but sayde, he hadde well 
 deserued it. Thus ended sir Barnabo, who had in his dayes raygned puissauntly in 
 Lombardy. 
 
 Nowe lette vs retourne to the duke of Burbons, and the Erie of Marchesse army, and 
 what they dyde in Poictou, and in Lymosyn. 
 
 They departed fro Moleyns," in Burbouoyse, and so rode forthe with great reuell, 
 and the duke had in his company his nephewe, Johan of Harcourte. The specyall 
 nombre of his army came out of Berry, Auuergne, Poictou, Rouergue, Xaynton, and 
 Lymosyn, and they met togider at Nyorte, a xii. leages fro Poicters. In this meane 
 season sir Wyllyam of Lynacke, a right valyant knyght, seneschall of Xaynton, who 
 was as than gouernoure of Myllayne,' (in those marchesse,) and so he came into An- 
 goulinoys,*^ with a certayne nombre of men of armes, a two hundred; he rested before 
 the castell of the Egle,^ in the whiche were Englisshemen, and all the wynter and somer 
 past before had greatly domaged the countre ; than this sir Wyllyam lyghted afote, and 
 so dyd all his copany, and valyantly assayled the castell ; it was a sore assaute and well 
 contynued, for they within defeded themselfe for feare of their lyues ; Sir Wylliam hym- 
 selfe that day dyde right nobly, and gaue ensamplehowe his menshuldeassayle withoute 
 any sparynge. This assaut was so well contynued, that the Castell was taken byforce ; 
 the frenchemen entred in by ladders, and all that were within slayne and taken. Thus 
 this sir Wylliam of Lygnac dyde the first enterprise in that season, abydinge for the 
 duke of Burbone and his route. 
 
 Whan the duke of Burbone was come to Nyorte, and his company, there he founde 
 a great nombre of men of warre abydinge for hym ; and there was redy his cosyn, the 
 erie of Marche, with a great nobre, and also the Vycount of Tonnere, and sir Henry of 
 Thouars seueachall of Lymosyn, the lorde of Pons, the lorde of Parteney, the lorde of 
 Thouars,' the lorde of Puyssaunce,^ and dyuers other barons of Poytou, and of Xayn- 
 ton ; and than sir William of Lignacke came to the duke, who had newly wonne the 
 Castell of the Egle,' wherfure the duke gaue hym great thankes. Whan all these men 
 of warre were assembled toguyder, they were a seuyn hundred speares, besyde the Ge- 
 neuoys, and other varlettes: ihey were in nombre two ihousande fightynge men; tbane 
 
 they 
 
 ^ These few words of the German are not to be found in the Lyons' edition ; a sentence, however, occurs there 
 in a parenthesis, and which is omitted by Lord Berners, but which does not seem material to the 
 narrative, viz. (" which was seen by those who were advancing to take him.") 
 
 ' Mouhns. ' Johnes conjectures it to be Millac. '' The Angoumois. ' L'Aigle. 
 
 ' Tours. ' Pousanges. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 5 
 
 they toke aduyse whyder they shulde go, outher to Vertuell,* or to Taylbourc, or to 
 Mountlewe ; and all thynges consydered, they determyned to go to Mountlewe, by- 
 cause it was a castell standyng on the laundes of Burdeaux: they thought il' they might 
 get that castell, all other shulde be the more easyer to wynne ; and, also, than shulde no 
 man come out of Burdeaux without their knowledge. So they rode thyderwarde and 
 passed Angolesme,'' and so came before Mountlewe, and ther layd their siege. The 
 chefe leaders of all the dukes boost was sir James Pounsarte,' and Johan Bonne Launce: 
 incontynent they made redy to assayle the castell, and so enuyroned the castell aboute, 
 and gaue assaute with great courage, and they within defended themselfe valiantly ; 
 surely there was an harde assaute and well contynued, and many a proper dede of amies 
 done, for the frenchmen dilygently mouted vp on their ladders, and fought with dag- 
 gers hande to hande on the walles : so moche dyde the frenchemen, that by pure assaute 
 they wan the ca-tell, and they within slayne, there were but a fewe that were saued. 
 Whan the frechemen had possession of MoOtlewe, they newlye furnyssbed it with men 
 of warre and other proiiisyon, and than they toke the waye to Taylbourcke, of the 
 whicbe fui teresse Dynruidon of Perat was capitayne, a proper man of amies ; he made 
 but I y tell couiite of the frenchmen. And whyle the duke laye at siege before this castell, 
 his company wanne two lytell fortresses, whicbe had sore harryed the fronters of Poic- 
 tou. and Lymosyn, by reason of the Englysshmen that were in them; these two 
 fortresses were called Troucet,'* and Archat, and all that were withinwere slayne, 
 and the castelles delyuered to the of the countre, and they dyde beate thedowne to the 
 grounde. 
 
 Howe the bridge of Taylbourcke was wonne by the frenchemen, and hotue the Eii- 
 glysshernen fortifyed themselfe against the comyng of the frenchemen. ^nd Howe 
 the admyrall of Fraunce and his rout arryued at Edenborowe, in Scotlande. 
 
 CAP. II. 
 
 THUS the siege was layd before Tailbourcke by four bastedes ; there was in Tail- 
 bourcke, a bridge on the ryuer of Charent, and the Englysshemen and Gascoyns had 
 well fortifyed it, so that all the season before ther coude no shyppe passe to Rochell, 
 nor into Xaynton, without danger or by truage. Than the frenche lordes aduysed to 
 Wynne the bridge to haue the lesse to do, and to lye the more surer in their bastydes; 
 they caused to come to Rochell, shippes by the ryuer of Charent, and in theym certayne 
 Geneuoys andcrosbowes, and made them to scrymysshe with them of the bridge ; there 
 was a sore assaute, for the Englysshemen and Gascons had ryght well fortifyed the 
 bridge, and valyantly dyde defende theselfe : so they were assayled by lande and by 
 ryuer. 
 
 Johan the sonne of the erle of Harcourt was there made knight and reysed hisbaner ; 
 the duke of Burbone his vncle made him knight. This assaut was well cotinued, and 
 many a feate of armes ther done, the Geneuoys and crosbowes that were in the shyppes, 
 shotte so rudely and so hole toguyder at them on the bridge, that none of them durste 
 scantely shewe any defence. What shulde I make longe tale; by force of assaut the 
 bridge on the ryuer was wonne, and all that were foude theron slayne and drowned, 
 none scaped. Thus the frenchemen had the bridge of Taylbourc, their siege was the 
 
 easyer. 
 
 ' Bertueil. '' Through the Angoutnois. ' Poussart. ' La Troncette.— D. Sauvage. 
 
 La Fiancitti. — Johncs, 
 
6 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 easyer. It was but thre leages fro saynt Johns Dangle/ and two leages fro Xauntes," in 
 the best countre of the worlde. 
 
 Of the losse oP Tayllebourke, they within, Dynandon, and other, were sore dis- 
 mayed, as they had good cause, for they had lost therby the passage of the ryuer ; howe- 
 beit, yet they wolde nat yelde them, they thought theselfe in a stronge place, and 
 trusted on some rescue froBurdeaux; for it was shewed in all those fronters and 
 englysshe forteresses, that the duke of Lancastre, or elles the erle of Buckyngham, with 
 two thousande men of armes and four thousande archers, shulde come to Burdeaux to 
 fyght with the frenchemen, and to reyse all their siege. Of this they greatly trusted ; 
 but it fortuned otherwyse, as I shall shewe you. It was ordayned in Englande, that the 
 Duke of Lancastre and sir Johan Hollande, brother to the kynge, sir Thomas Percy, 
 sir Thomas Triuet, the lorde Fitzvvater, sir Wylliam wyndesore, sir Joliii Fitzwaren,'' 
 and other barons, knightes, and squyers, with a thousande speares and thre thousande 
 archers, shulde haue gone to Burdeaux, to haue ben there all the somer, and to haue 
 refresshed Mortayne, Boutuyll, and other fortresses in Gascoyne and Laguedocke, and 
 to fight with the Frenchemen if they founde them in the countrey ; and after that they 
 had taryed there a season, than to haue gone fro thens into Castell,' to Bayon, and to 
 Nauarre ; for they were in trealie with the kyng of Nauer. This was ymagined in Eng- 
 lade, but all tourned to nought ; for whan they knewe the certayute that the admyrall of 
 Frauce, with a thousande speares of chosen knightes and squyers, were come into Scot- 
 lande, than they chaunged their purpose, and durst sende none of their men oute of the 
 realme, for they doughted greatly the dedes of the frenchemen and scottes ioyned to- 
 guyder: also the same tyme there ranne a voyce through all Englande, howe they 
 shulde be the same somer assayled with the frenchmen in thre parties; one by Bre- 
 taygne, for the duke there was become frenche : and another by Normandye, for the 
 whiche (as it was sayd) the constable of Frace made his prouisyon at Harflewe and Depe, 
 and so alonge the see syde to saynt Valeries and to Crotoy; and the thirde by the 
 Scottes ; so that for dought of this they wolde suffre no knightes nor squyers to go out 
 of Englande, but made prouisyon to defende their hauyns and portes of the see. The 
 same season the Erie of Arundell, Richarde, was admyrall of the see, and was on the see 
 with a thre or foure score great shyppes, furnysshed with men of armes and archers ; and 
 he hadde small shippes that ranne in and oute, and viewed the boundes of the yles of 
 Normandy, to knowe tidynges. 
 
 Nowe lette vs leaue to speke of the duke of Burbone, and of the siege of Taylle- 
 bourcke, where as he laye a nyne wekes, and let vs shewe howe the admyrall of Frauce 
 toke lande in the realme of Scotlande, and what chere they had made to them at their 
 firste lodgynge. 
 
 The frenche army that went into scotlande had wynde at wyll ; it was in the monethe 
 of Maye, whan the waters be peaseable and meke, and the ayre softe and swete. First 
 theycosted Fladers, Holande, zelande, and Frise,' and at last aproched to the sight of 
 Scotlande ; but are they aryued, ther fell an harde aduenture to a yonge knyght of 
 Fraunce, a proper man of armes, called sir Aubert Dagyers :' the knyght was yong 
 and of haute courage, and to shewe his strength and lyghtnesse of body, he lepte vp 
 dene armed on the walle of the shyppe, and in the lightynge his fete slypped, and so 
 fell ouer ihe horde into the see, so that he coulde nat be holpen, for incotynent he 
 sanke downe, bycause of f weight of his harnes, and also the ship sayled euer forthe. 
 
 Of 
 
 • St. Jean d'Angely. '' Saintes. *= " The bridge of." •' Called by Johnes, 
 
 " Silbain," and by D. Sauvage, " Silbarin." ' Castile. ' Frizeland. 
 
 ' D' Angers. 
 
 #- 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 7 
 
 Of this knightes aduenture all the barownes and kny^htes were sore dyspleased, but 
 there was no remedy : and so longe they sayled, that they arryued at Edenborowe, the 
 chiefe towne in Scotlande, and wher as the kyng in tyme of peace moost comenly laye. 
 And as soone as the erle Duglas and the Erie Morette^" knewe of their comynge, they 
 wente to the hauyn and mette with them, and receyued them swetely, sayeng, howe they 
 were right welcome into that countrey : and the barons of Scotlande knewe ryght well 
 sir Geffiay de Charney, for he had been the somer before, two monethes in their com- 
 pany: sir GefTray acquaynted them with the Admyrall, and the other knyghtes of 
 Fraunce ; as at that tyme the kynge of Scottes was nat there, for he was in the wylde 
 scottysshe ;'' but it was shewed these knyghtes, howe the kyng wolde be there shortly ; 
 wherwith they were well content, and so were lodged there about in thevyllages; for 
 Edenborough, thoughe the kynge kepte there his chefe resydence, and that it is Parys 
 in Scotlade, yet it is nat lyke Tourney or Valencenes, for in all the towne there is nat 
 foure thousande houses; therfore it behoued these lordes and knyo;htes to be lodged 
 about in vyllages, as at Donfer, Melyne,'= Cassell,'' Dobare, aluest,' and suche other. 
 Anone tidynges sprange about in Scotlande, that a great nombre of men of armes of 
 Frauce were come into their countre : some therat dyde murmure and grudge, and 
 sayde. Who the deuyll hath sent for theym ?' What do they here ? Cannat we maynteyne 
 our warre with Englande well ynoughe withoute their helpe ? We shall do no good as 
 longe as they be wuh vs. Let it be shewed vnto them, that they may retourne agayne, 
 and that we be stronge ynough in Scotlande to maynteyne our warre without theym; 
 and therlore we wyll none of their company. They vnderstande nat vs nor we them ; 
 therfore we cannat speke toguyder : they wyll anone rylfle and eate vp all that euer we 
 haue in this countrey: they shall doo vs more dispytes and domages than thoughe the 
 Englysshemen shulde fyght with vs; for thoughe the Englysshemen brinne our houses, 
 we care lytell therfore; we shall make them agayne chepe ynough ; we are but thre 
 dayes to make them agayne, if we maye geate foure or fyue stakes, and bowes to couer 
 them. 
 
 Howe the Frenchemen founde a wylde countrey of Scotlande, and were yuell content 
 with thadmyrall, arid howe he pacifyed the with fayre wordes ; and hoive Fraunces 
 Atreman and his company had nere hande taken Ardenbourcke in Flanders. 
 
 CAP. III. 
 
 THUS the scottes sayde in Scotlande, at the comynge of the frenchmen thyder, for 
 they dyde sette nothynge by them, but hated them in their courage and difTamed theym 
 in their language as moche as they myght, lyke rude people without honoure, as they 
 be. All thynges consydered, it was to great an armye of so many noblemen to come 
 into Scotlande, apd knewe no reason why; a twentie or thirttie knyghtes of Fraunce 
 had been better than all that nombre of fyue hudred or a thousande ; and the cause why 
 is this : 
 
 In Scotlande ye shall fynde no man lightlye of honoure nor gentylnesse ; they be 
 lyke wylde and sauage people; they wyll be with no man acquaynted, and are greatly 
 enuyous with the honoure or profyte of any other man, and they dought euer to lese 
 that they haue, for it is a poore countre ; and whan the Englysshemci| maketh any 
 roode or voyage into the coiatre, as they haue done often before this tyme, if they thynke 
 
 to 
 
 ' Of Moray. " Highlands. " Dunfermline. " Kelso. ' Dalkeith. 
 
 ' In the French, *' Quel diable les a amenes >" What devil hath brought them hither. 
 
8 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 to lyue, they muste cause their prouysion and vitayle to folowe theym at their backe, for 
 they shall fynde nothyng in that coutrey but with moche payne ; nor they shall fynde 
 none yron to showe their horses, nor leddar to make harnesse, saddles, or bridelles ; for 
 all suche thynges cometh to them redy made oute of Flaunders ; and whan that proui- 
 syon fayleth, there is none to gette in the countrey. Whan the barownes and knightes 
 of Fraunce who were wonte to fynde fayre hostryes, halles hanged, and goodly castelles, 
 and softe beddes to reste in, sawe themselfe in that necessite, they began to smyle, and 
 said to the admyrall. Sir, what pleasure hath brought vs hyder? we neuer knewe what 
 pouertie ment tyll nowe: we fynde nowe the olde sayenge of our fathers and mothers 
 true, whane they wolde saye, Go your waye, and ye lyue long, ye shall fynde harde 
 and poore beddes, whiche nowe we fynde ; therfore lette vs go oure voyage that we be 
 come for ; lette vs ryde into Englade ; the longe taryenge here in Scotlande is to vs 
 nother honourable nor profytable. The admyrall apeased them as well as he myght, 
 and sayde. Sirs, it behoueth vs to sufTre a lytell, and to speke fayre, sithe we be in this 
 daunger ; we haue a great longe waye yet to passe, and by Englande we can nat retourne ; 
 therfore lette vs take in gree that we fynde ; we can nat be alwayes at Parys or Dygeon, 
 at Beautie' or at Chalons : it behoueth them that wyll lyue in this worlde, thynkynge to 
 haUe honoure, to suffre somtyme as well pouertie as weltb. 
 
 Thus sir Johan of Vien, admyrall of Fraunce, apeased his companyons with these 
 wordes and suche other, whiche I can nat all reherce. They acquaynted them as 
 moche as they might with the barownes of Scotlande, but they were visyted by them 
 but very lytell ; for as I haue sayde before, there is in the lytell honour, and of all 
 people yuell to be aquaynted withall. The moost company that the frenchemen had, 
 was the erle Duglas and the erle Morette :'* these two lordes dyde theym more solace 
 than all the resydue of Scotlande ; yet there was another thyng that was right harde to 
 the Irenchmen; for whan they were in Scotlande, and wolde ryde, they foude horses to 
 dere, for that that was nat worthe tenne florens they coude nat bye vnder threscore or a 
 hudred, and yet with moche payne to gette any for money ; and yet whan they had any 
 horses, than hadde they nother harnesse, sadell, nor bridell, without they had brought 
 It with them out of Flauders. In this trouble and daiuiger were the frenchemen; yea, 
 and moreouer, whane their varlettes went forthe a forragynge, and hadde charged their 
 horses with suche as they coulde gette, in their retournynge home the scottes themselfe 
 laye in wayte for theym, and all that they had taken from them, and they well beten 
 and some slayne ; so that there was none that durste go a foragynge for feare to be 
 slayne, for in a monelh the frenchemen loste of their varlettes rao than a hundred; for 
 if they went forthe thre or foure toguyder, they neuer returned agayne. Thus tlje 
 frenchemen were handeled ; and besyde that, the kynge of Scottes was desyred to come 
 forthe, and so were the other lordes, knightes, and squyers of the realme ; but they 
 aunswered and sayd, howe they wolde make no warre into Englande as at that tyme ; 
 and that they sayd, to thentent that the Fienchemen shulde paye well for their comyng ; 
 for or the kyng wolde come out of the wylde scottysshe*^ to Edenboroughe, he demauded 
 to haue a great soimne of money for hym and for his people: and the admyrall of 
 Frauce was fayne to promyse and to scale, that the kynge shulde haue a certayne 
 somme of money or he and his company auoyded the realme ; if he had nat done thus, 
 he shulde haue hadde none ayde of the scottes : he was fayne to make that marchaundise 
 or elles a worse ; and yet, whan he had made the best accorde and apoyntment that he 
 coude make with theym, he hadde by them but lytell profyte nor helpe, as ye shall here 
 further in the hystorie. 
 
 But nowe a lytell I wyll retourne and tell of the aUucmures of FJaunders and of the 
 
 maryage 
 
 * Beaune. •- Of Moray. ' Highlands. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 9 
 
 maryao-e of the yonG;e frenche kyng, and howe Ardeiiboiircke hadde nere been taken 
 by stelthe, where as the Vycont of Meaulx and sir John of Jeumont laye in garyson. 
 
 After the disconfyture that sir Ryflarte of Flaunders had made in the hmde of the 
 foure craftes^ without Gaunt, than he came to Ardebourcke, and thyder was sente in 
 garyson sir Robert of Bethune, vycout of Meaulx, and there he foude sir Johan of Ju- 
 mont and his company ; and thyder was sente a xl. speares, knightes and squiers, suche 
 as desyred to seke aduentures. Whane the Vycount was come thider, lie entended to 
 fortify and repayre the towne in all poyntes. Fraunces Atreman and they of Gaunte 
 sublelly ymagined night and day howe they might anoye and do domage to their 
 enemyes, as they shewed right well to their neighbours, as Andwarp,** Teremode," Ar- 
 denbourcke, Bruges, Danne,'' and Scluse : they euer ymagined, howe to wynne any of 
 them by crafte ; and to say the trouth, they had suche copany as were mete to execute 
 suche dedes. So it fortuned, about the ende of Maye, Frauces Atreman and a seuyn 
 thousande with hym departed fro Gaunt, to thentent to wynne Ardenbourke by stelth, 
 and all the knightes and squyers therin, and specially they desyred to haue the capi- 
 tayne, sir Johan Jumont, bycause he had done them many great domages, as in takyng 
 and sleyng, and pultyng out of their even, and cuttyng of handes, fete, and eares of theii' 
 men : so thus on a Wednisdaye, aboute the dawnynge of they daye, they came to Arde- 
 bourcke, and had with tlieni scalynge leddars redy: the Vycount of Meaulx, sir Johan 
 Jumount, sir Kyflarte of Flaunders, the lorde of Damert, sir Tercelette of Montigny, 
 and sir Parducas of Fount saint Marke, the lorde of Langueuall, and sir Johan his 
 Sonne, sir Hewe Desnell, the lorde de Lalayne, sir Reynolde of Lomye, and dyuers 
 other, lay slepyng in their beddes, on trust of the watche. Nowe beholde what adue- 
 ture they were in. The watche that had watched all nyght was as than departed, and 
 their reliefe nat come as than ; the same season Fraunces Atreman and the gautoise 
 with their ladders were redy come into the dikes, and so cFie to the walles and dressed 
 vp their ladders, and began to mount. The same season by adueture there was walk- 
 ynge within the wall the lorde of saynt Albyne, and with hym a squyer of Picardy, 
 named Enguerant zedequyn,'' a picarde with a morespike ; I thynke they had ben of the 
 watche the same night, and was nat as than departed ; to say the trouthe, and they had 
 nat ben, Ardenbourcke had been taken, and all the knightes in their beddes. 
 
 Howe the lorde of saynt Albyne and Engrierant zendequyn snued Ardenbourke fro 
 takyng; and hoif the queue of Hungri/ sente ambassadours into Fraunce, to mary 
 therle of Voloyes^ to her eldest doughler. 
 
 CAP. nil. 
 
 WHAN sir Gousseaux^ of saynt Martyne and Enguerant zcndequen sawe howe the 
 gauntoyse mounted vp the walles by ladders, and they saw wher ther was one puttynge 
 his legge ouer the wall, to haue entred into the towne, they were tha sore abasshed, but 
 yet nat so moche but that they toke conforte to themselfe ; for they sawe well if they 
 fledde, the towne were lost without recouery ; for they parceyued well that theyr en- 
 tryng was bytwene the departyng of the watche and the comynge of the reliefe. Than 
 Enguerant sayd to the mores pyke, Steppe on forwarde ; beholde yonder the gauntoyse 
 are entryncre ; helpe to defende vs, or elLes the f ownc is loste ; and so they thre went to 
 
 Vol. if. C the 
 
 ' Les Quatre Mestiers. '" Oudenarde. ' Dendremonde. * Damme. 
 
 ' " And two or three picards with them, armed with pikes." — Johnes and D. Sauvage, ! Valois. 
 
 I The lord of St. Albyne. 
 
10 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 the same place where as they sawe the gauntoyse entrynge, and the Pycarde with the 
 morespyke strake hyni that was entrynge ouer the wall suchc a stroke, that he bare hym 
 clene fro the wall and ladder, and so fell downe into the dyke ; and therwith the watche 
 arose, and sawe howe there were in the dykes and there aboute, a great batayle of the 
 gauntoyse; thane he sowned his trumpette, Treason, treason: therwith the towne 
 slyrred eiiery man oute of their beddes, and barkened to the crye, and sawe howe the 
 gauntois wolde haiie stoUen their towne: than they armed them as fast as they might; 
 hovvebeit, for all this the gauntoyse dyde all their best to haue entred into their towne ; 
 and the sayde thre* persones valyantly defended the walles more than the space of halfe 
 an hour agaynst all the comers, the whiche turned to their great prayse. Thane the 
 other lordes and knightes came thyder in good array, as the Vycount of Meaulx, with 
 his baner before hym : sir Johan of Jeumont, his penon before hym : and sir Ryflarte of 
 Flaunders, and other; and they founde the knight, the squyer, and the mores pyke, 
 fightynge and defendynge the walles : thaiie they cryed their cryes to the rescue: and 
 whan Fraunces Atreman and the gauntoyse parceyued the matter, and howe they hadde 
 fayled of their ententes, they withdrewe themselfe fayre and easely, and reculed their 
 people, and so departed and retourned into the rule of the four craftes :" and so than 
 they of the garyson of Ardenbourke toke more hede to the kepyng of the towne than 
 they dyde before, and they honoured greatly among them the foresaid thre persones, 
 for and they had nat been, the towne had ben loste and all their throtes cutte. 
 
 Ye haue herde here before howe the duke of Anion, who called hymselfe kynge of 
 Naples, of Cecyle, and of Hierusalem, made warre thre yeres, in Pule," Calabre, and in 
 Naples, agaynst sir Charles de la Paix ;'' and in the makynge of that warre he dyed, and 
 in lykewise so dyde sir Charles de la Paix:** some sayd he was slayne in the realme of 
 Hungry, by the consentment of the quene ; for after the dethe of the kyng of Hungry, 
 bycause this sir Charles was sonne to the kynges brother, therfore he maynteyned that 
 the realme sluilde fall to hym ; for his vncle the kynge of Hungry, after his dethe, lefte 
 behynde hym but doughters ; so, therfore, the quene feared leest he wolde disheryte 
 her doughters ; and therfore (as it was sayd) she caused this sir Charles de la Paix"* to be 
 slayne, o( whose dethe ther was had great marueyle ; and' so therby the quene was sore 
 enforsed, and of her yonge sonne the kyng beyng at Auignon, and so they made warr 
 in Prouence. The kynge of Hungry lyuenge, the barons and prelates of Hungry cou- 
 sayled hym to gyue Margarete, his eldestdoughter, whiche was likely to be a great 
 enheritour, to Loyes of Fraunce, erle of Valoyes sonne, and brother to the frenche 
 kynge, bycause they thought he shulde than abyde among them in Hiigry. And whan 
 the kynge was deed, they sent ambassadours into Fraunce to the kynge and to his vncles, 
 shewyng howe the quene of Hungry wolde haue for her eldest doughter the erle of 
 Valoyes. This request semed to the kynge and to his vncles, and "to the barons of 
 Fraunce, to be right noble and profitable, excepte one thynge ; they thought therby that 
 the erle of Valoyes shulde be very farre of fro his owne nacion ; howebeit, all thynges 
 consydred, they thought it a noble and a right profitable thyng for the erle of Valoyes 
 to be kyng of Hungry, the whiche is one of the grettest realmes in crystendome. So 
 these ambassadours weregretly feested and nobly receyued, and to the gyuen many great 
 gyftes : and so agayne with them ther went to Hiigry other ambassadours out of Frauce, 
 as the bysshop of Mayllerete and sir Johii la Parson,' who by procuracyon generall, whan 
 they were come into Hugry, he wedded in the name of the erle of Valoyes the lady 
 Margarete, and thauno the. bysshoppe retourned into Frauce, and also sir Johan Parson,' 
 
 who 
 
 'Five? '' The Quatre Mestiers. ''Apulia. "^ Diirazzo. «^ This 
 
 is hardly intelligible ; according to Johnes, it should be "and the war of the queen of Naples and her 
 son Louis the young king, who resided at Avignon, was more strenuously carried on in Provence." 
 
 ' La Personne. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. ll 
 
 who had wedded the lady and lyen by her a bedde curtesly, accordynge to the custome 
 in suche matters requyred ; and of this, whan he c:ime into Fiaunce, he shewed letters 
 patentes and publyke instrunientes, so that they of Frauce were well content: and so 
 longe after the erle of Valoys Avrote hyniselfe kyng of Hungry. 
 
 Also ye haue herde how the duke of bnrgoyne" and tlie duke Aubert of Bauier,'' 
 lorde of Heynalte, HoUande, zelande, and Frise,'' had niaryed their chyldren at Cam- 
 bray toguyder, at whiche maryage the frenche kyng was with great tryumphe : some 
 sayde, howe the same tyme that the frenche kynge and his vncles, the duke of Bur- 
 goyne,' the duke of Bnrbone, and the duke Aubert were there atCambray, and the lady 
 of Burgoyne,' the lady of Brabant, and the lady of Heynalte, howe that by the procure- 
 ment of the dnchesse of Brabante, there was secretely a treatie of maryage moued by- 
 twene the yonge kyng Charles of Frauce and the lady Isabell, doughter to duke 
 Stephyn of Bauyer ;'' for kyng Charles of Fraunce that laste dyed, before in his dethe 
 bedde he ordayned that Charles his sonne sliulde be maryed into Almaygne,'' if they 
 sawe any place couenyent, wherby the almayns shuide be alyed to Frauce ; for he sawe 
 well howe the kyng of Englande was maryed to the kyng of Almaynes" suster, wherby 
 he spedde moche the bettei". This duchesse of Brabant, who was a ryght sore ymagi- 
 natyue lady, shewed many reasons to the kynges vncles and to his counsayle, sayenge, 
 howe this lady was doughter to a great lorde in Almaygne,'' and the greattest of all the 
 Bauyers," and howe that therby they shuide haue great alyaunce in Almaygne;'' for 
 duke Stephyn (she sayde) was so great a manne, that he myght well breke the purposes 
 of the great lordes of thempyre, for he was as great or greatter than the kynge of Al- 
 maygne ;'^ the whiche enclyned sonest the counsayle of Frauce to parceyuer in that 
 mater ; howebeit, the matter was handeled right secretely, for there were but fewe that 
 knewe therof tyll it were doone, and the cause why this was ; it is the vsage in Fraunce 
 that any lady, doughter to any great lorde, yf the kynge shuide niary her, firste she 
 shuide be sene and viewed all naked, by certayne ladyes therto admytted, to knowe if 
 she were proper and mete to brynge forthe chyldren : and also bycause this lady was of 
 a farre countre, so that if she shuide be pleasaunt to the kyng or nat, or elles all were 
 broken: for these causes the matter was kepte secrete ; but the lady, about the feest of 
 Penthecost after, she was brought to Brabant to the duchesse there, who ioyfully re- 
 ceyued her, and ordered her, accordynge to the vsage of Fraunce : and with her in 
 company was duke Frederyke of Bauyer,** her vncle, by whom, to saye trouthe, the 
 maryage was firste procured, by suche wayes as I shall shewe you. 
 
 Howe the duchesse of Brabannt wrote to duke Frederyke of Bauyer^ of the maryage 
 of the yonge frenche kynge with her nese Isabell of Bauyer f and howe the duke 
 and the lady came to Ouesnoy. 
 
 CAP. V. 
 
 WHAN that duke Frederyke of Bauier'' cae first into Frace to serue the freche kyng 
 in his iourney that he made into Flaunders, and came to the siege of Bourbourc, true it 
 was, he was feasted and receyued by the kynges vncles, bycause he was come so farre 
 of toseruethekynfte as out of the coutre of Bauyci,'' ihe whiche was more than two hun- 
 dred leages of: tliTs was reputed for a great seruyce, and he was alwayes loged nere to 
 the kvng, in token of good loue and fauour: and whan he departed out of Bauyer,'' he 
 
 C 2 thought 
 
 • Bureundv. '•' Bavaria. ' Frizeland. " Germany. 
 
12 TIIK (.RONYCI.K 01- IROISSART. 
 
 thouglit surely lli;il llu'if sliulilc l)c Iiataylc hylwcne llic IVciicIic kvnc, and llu- kyiiu; ol 
 Enghuitle, in tlic marclvcssc of riavulcrs or ol IVaucc, lor so raiiiic all llu; hriitc in all 
 Alinayjfiic ;" tlicrforc llic kyugc aiirl liis viiclcs i;anc liyni llir more tliaiike : anil lIuiH as 
 he was uilii llu; kyni; in lliat voyajre hcforc Hnihonrke and |{eri>,nes, the kinj;es vncles 
 cm tesly demanded on a day of hym, if he had any donj^hleis lo mary, sayenj;, howc 
 ihey lacked a wyfc lor tiu- kyn<v, and howe liiat ihey h:id ralher llu; kyni;e sind<le mary 
 in Hanyer'' rather thaile in any ollur plaee, lor anneienlly the hanyers'' wire of the 
 connsayle ol' Krannce. The duke annswi rt»l and sayd, smely I hane no d()ni;liler lo 
 mary, hut myne elder brother, dnke Slepliyn ol Hanyer,'' halh a rii>,ht layre lady to his 
 donti^hter. Of what aj;e is she ol ? quod the lordes. Hytwene xiii.' and I'onrtene, ipiod 
 tlic duke. That is all tliat we desyre, quod llie kyni;es vneles : iherlore, sir, whan ye 
 do retourne lu)me into IJanyer,'' s|Hke lo your hrolher ol' the maler, and hiinjj, your 
 nese a |)yl;i;rimau;e lo saynt .h)hns ol Amycncc, aiul the kynj; shal he tiu-re, if il j»lease 
 hym: wc tliynke he wyll desyre il, for he ionelli i;ladly lo se layre ihynivis, and if he 
 wysshc to haiu- her, she shall be queue. So ibis was the lirst procnrenu-nl ; and as at 
 y tyme there was no more done nor sayde, the kynt!;e kiu;we nothyni;e ol' these wordes. 
 And whane this dnke Krederyke ol' lianyer'' was relourned honu;, he shewed all this 
 mater to duke Stephyn ol IJanyer,'' his brother, who studyed somwhat at bis wordes, 
 and at last sayd, Fayie brother, 1 beleue well it is as ye nnyc ; my domrhUr sbnide he 
 happy il she myj;ht come to so hii;be an honour as lo be IVenche fpu;ne ; but l''iamice is 
 very larre of, and il is a matter wisely to be regarded lo make a (^nene. I sbnide be 
 ryght soorc displeased ifmy doughler sbnide be caryed into FraTiee lor suche a purpose, 
 and than sente home agayne ; yel I had ralber mary her al myne ease, nerer home. 
 This was llu; annswere that dnke Sle|)hyn gaue to his brother dnke I'lederyke, where- 
 with duke Frederyke was well content, and wrote all his annsweie in snbslaunce lo the 
 kynges viiclcs, and to his vncle ilnke Anberte, and to the Diiches ol' Ihabanl. They 
 hadde wenl that duke Frederyke bad r()ri;()tfn llu; maler, lor they were abonte maryages 
 for the kynge in other places. And the kyiigc was nere agreed lo the donghter of the 
 duke ol Lorayiie, lor she was a layre damosell ol her age, nere to the kynges age ; she 
 was ol iu)ble and great generacyon ol' the house of liloyes: also iberi' was s|)ckyng Tor 
 the donghter of tlie Dnke of Lancastre, who was alter (]uene ol' Tortyngale, bnl there 
 ■was no cdclusion, bycause of the warre ; tberl'ore the maler banged styll in sns|)encc. 
 (And as ye banc herde before,) the (Inches of Hrabanl, wha she was al C'ambray, al the 
 maryagcs of Uurgoyne aiul 1 leynallc, aiul that the frenebe kyngwaslher, and the dnke 
 oi Burbnne and Hnrgoyn' were there, than she uu)ned forllu; ibis maryage of I'.auyer,'' 
 for the kyng, allirmynge ibat it was nu)ost prolitabie and honorable for the kynge, by- 
 cause ol the alyannce with AIniaygnr.'" Madame, quod the kyir^es vncles, we here no- 
 ihynge llu rof. Well, qiuul the ducbesse, I warrant yon ye shall here somewhat iheiof 
 or this somcr be paste. 1 ler promyse was well I'ldl'ylled, for she dyde so moche, that 
 duke Frederyke, vncic to llu; danK)sell, was so agreed with his brother, <lnke Slepliyn, 
 that he sbnide conuey the lady into Frannce, and that il sbnide be noysed ail the waye 
 that they wenl a pylgrimage to sail Johans of Amyence. Muery man supposed the same, 
 (or Almayns'' gothe often on |)ylgrimage ; it is their vsage. 
 
 Whan dnke Frederyke and his nese, llu; la<ly Isaiiell ol lianyer,'' bad bdi tine dayes 
 at Hrnsels, (ban tiiey toke leue, but it was the ducbesse intensyon lo be as soone at 
 Amyence, or soner ilum ibey : So than they eame into I leynalte to (,)^uesnoy, where ihey 
 i'ounde the duke and the ducbesse, ami <n>- Wyllyam eric of Ostrenaunt' and bis wyfe: 
 there they were nobly reccyued, for dnke Anbcrl was her vncle, and had great mar- 
 
 neylc 
 
 * Germany. '' ISavari:). *■ Twcjvr. — TJ. Saiivage. '' I5iirp;iiti(iy. 
 
 ' (Vcrmimy. ' Ostrcvaiil. 
 
rill', CUONYCIK ()! IKOISSAin. ift 
 
 \\c\\c \\\\:\t I)riMic,Iil lUcin iulo lli.il (imnlic, .md lli.ni tli luuuli tl \\liy (li<v i ,imo ihvdci'. 
 (\'lt;ivnh (', (iiKul iliilcc I'lciK rvkf, I liiiiic li;iil imu lie |>.i\iic lo lniiiv;c lln: m;ili'i to lliis 
 pmposi-; ;m(l so llicro \w nIuwciI liym ull (lie iicilcr, and s:iy(l, I li.uu' l)r()iii;li( luy 
 hiollur ill dial myiulc, dial I liaiic liioiij^lil my tu'sc liytlci :in yc n:ivc ; liiil wliaii I «lc- 
 uiiUil, my luddiir savd li» inc, Nowc rrcdcrikc, my I'avic liiolliei', yv Icadi- willi yon 
 Isaliill my doiiMlilcr widioiil any Nine cNlatc, I'oi il" die liciuMic kviii;\vvll rclnsc licr, 
 diaii is sIk- Nlitmid lor cnrr ; dicirorc adiiysi- y«>ii "ill. lor il llir iiialUn como mil well 
 lo passe, yc sliall liaiic me your enemy Cor tiier ; llieiioie, layic viu;le, ye iiiaye se wli.il 
 daiiiiv;er I liaiie imKe myselle in. Tliaii diiKe /\iil)erl sav*!, I':iyie nepliiie, lie nal din- 
 inay«ie, lor l»y die pleasnie of i;od slie sliallie die IVeiulie iiiieiu-, and lliaiie sliall ye lie 
 quyle, and liaiit^ die lone of diike Slepliyii your Itrollier. 
 
 Tlin, diiy 1 II vt d .il Oncsnoy die spa. c ol tine wekes, .md y dneliisse, wlio was m;I(1,0, 
 cntloitiyned dn- yo!iu,e d.imosril ol ll.inyer'' in nianer and in eoiinlenaiiiiee. and t:liauj;e(l 
 liei- appayiell, loi slit- was Iml simplye arrayed, aller llie slate ol I'r.innee: tli.mne slifl 
 arrayed licr as lli.)ni;lie slu- liail lien lier owiie tloiii;liter : and wlian enery diyiij; w.t« 
 rcdy, y diiclies and llie damoselle rode I'orllie lyll tliey eaiiii- to Amienee, aiul l>y llitl 
 lyme was eomc lliyder tin; dnelies ol llni i;oyni '' and ol' llraliani, and also llii- I'liiulie 
 kyni;c .iiul liis ronnsayle. Tlu" lonlr di- i.i Hynir' and sii Ciiyde la Ticmoyie,' lia 
 vownes and kni);lites issne»l out ol" Aiiiyenec lo mete and reeeyne lliein ol I leynalle. 
 Tims diey were i>roiii>,lil into Amyener, and had niotlie liononre <loiie to lliem, and the 
 loides an<l ladyis eche ol" tlieym dydc vysile ollu r lonyiiji,ly ; hiil with inoehe payiie die 
 kynu,e mii;lit shpe, lor the inwanlc dcsyie y he had to sc her thai shiildr' he his wyle ; and 
 lie liiiiiaiided ol the IokIi^ de la Kvmi' wh.ui he shiilde se her. Ol' those woides the 
 lailies had j!,real sporle ; so thai the liid.i>r whan the «lamosell was iidy, the duo 
 diiehesses h;dde the damosill lo the kyiiu,e, and than she kneleddowne, hut the kyiij^e 
 tokc her vp hy the hade and hcluide her well, hy whieh roj>,ar(U' lour eiillcd into his 
 licrle. Tlian die eoiistalih; oi I'rannee sayd to tli<- lorde ('ioiu:y, Sir, hy my I'aylhe this 
 ladye shall ahydc wilh vs, I se well hy y kynn, lor his eyes j;ollie iient'T IVoiii her. So whan 
 lliey had hen wilh tiie kynj;e «:erlayne space, the l.idjcs toke leaneolthe kynt',e and 
 Weill lo llicii lodi;yiii!,es ; as yel liiey kiiewe iiat; the kytij;es iiileneyoii. Than (he tlnke 
 orUnit;oyii chaij;,i<l the lorde de l,i Uyilei'to nnpieK' ol' tiic KyinrhiM niyiide, who 
 
 dydc so iii;ht dilyi;eiitly, sayeiijf. Sir, and il lyke yoiire ;;iace, liowc lyki- yon this ) )i,c; 
 
 lady? shall shi! ahyde with vs? Yea, ti iiely, (piolh the k yiij^e, she ri);ht well pleasedi 
 vs ; theiloK- sliewe viilo myne viieic ol" lliny,oviie,'' (hat she maye he <l(Iynered lo vs. 
 Whan the lorde ^U^ la Kynei' herde liyin saye no, he ineoiit viiriit sliewe«l it to y diikn ol 
 llnit;oync ;'' and he sli(ii;lit wayc weiil and shewed il lo tin; ladyes, wlierol" lliey had 
 }>;real ioye, and eiyed, Sloweil.' Thus the lordes and ladycis were in ^riesil loye, and 
 (he kyn)»eH viielcH were in mvnile lo liane had the m iryaj^e at Anas, hill il pleased iial 
 (he kynjrto jro soo lairc; ihciloie In; dcsyicd his vm Ic thai il miiijit he <lmir ihci. 
 Well, <|u«>d the diiki;, in a u,ood lioiir he it, so let il hi . 
 
 Than die dii! <■ ol' r.ni;;oy nc,'' the constahle, the loidr di i.i I{\im:i',' and Ihi loidc d( 
 la I lenioyh;,' and dyneis otliir in his eonipany, wtnl (o ihc Ldy ol llcynanll, .md 
 Ibude her with her iiese hy her: (here Ik; shewed the these lidynji^es, how (he kynj; hail 
 hrokcii their purpose as the inaria}!;c lo he al Aras, sayeiij!,, howc tin; mailer lonelieil the 
 kyn^ HO ncic," wherforc lo morowc iiexl we iimsl liealc lion ol I'Ip« sickcnesse. I ho 
 
 llaviirin. '' Iliir^Miiiily. ' Hivicrr. ' 'IVniiiiiiillf. ' " Uin 
 
 <li'|>iiiH I'll! Noii r|><(iiiic." /*. Sduvayc " Wlio iitd'ivviirdK wnt hi" wiCi." 'I'Ih' imiiiiK' ""'ill '"I'l l><'ii 
 l«'|)l H<<:rrl IVoiil iliiii. ' III llir Lyoim' nlilioii, ■• el niirnil. Noil." • " 'I'liiil 
 
 lie li;iil coiirfKM'il lie roiii.l iirillii.T i.Iit|> nor enjoy r.|)oHr, on ;i< roiiiil ol |i. i . wli'iin ln' wiin imxioii.. (o 
 Iiuvi; lo wife." — l''iiim (lie Lijom' cilUioii. 
 
14 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 duches began to smyle ; and so than they departed eche fro other with great ioye and 
 solace. The same Saturday at night Fraunces Atreman and the gauntoyse, with a seuyn 
 thousande with hym, wente out ol" the lades of the foure craftes," after he had fayled of 
 takynge of Ardenbourke, and he promysed to them of Gaunt at his departynge, that 
 he wolde neuer retourne into Gaunt tyll he had won some good towne: for the gaun- 
 toyse dyd what they might to putte the frenchemen to suche busynesse, that they shulde 
 sende no more companye into Scotlande to the admyrall, to make warre agaynst the 
 Englysshmen ; for ther was a comon brute, that the Constable and dyuers other men of 
 armes, and certayne crosbowes of Gene,*" shulde enlre into the see, and go into Scot- 
 lande to reconforte their men that were ther allredy, makyng warre agaynst Englande. 
 Fraces Atreman, who was a proper man of armes, issued the sayd Saturday out' of the 
 quarter called the foure craftes,^ and all night he went costyng Bruges, trustyng to haue 
 wonne it, but it wolde nat be. Whan he sawe that he fayled there, he wente to Danne," 
 and there his spyes mette with hym, and sayde. Sir, it were good ye went to Danne,"" 
 for sir Roger of Guystelles, who is capitayne there, is nat nowe in the towne ; and true 
 it was, he was goone to Bruges, wenyng that the towne of Dan' had ben strong ynoughe 
 for their defence, but he was disceyued. 
 
 Howe Fraiices Atreman toke the towne of Dan," and howe the french king wedded the 
 lady Jsabell of BauT/er,'^ and after went and laj/de siege to Danne." 
 
 CAP. VI. 
 
 WHANNE Fraunces Atreman knewe by his espyes }' sir Roger of Guystels Avas nat 
 in Dan,"^ he deuyded his company in two, and tooke hymselfe the lesse nombre, and 
 sayd. Sirs, go you yonder Avayes to suche a gate, and whane ye here me blowe, go to 
 the barryers and breke the downe, and 1 and my copany shall bete downe the gate, for 
 it wyll be ouer long or we entre by ladders ; the tOAvne shal be ours, I put no dout. It 
 was done as he ordayned, and so wente with the lesse nobre : and so the first went Avith 
 ladders into the dykes : they founde no withstandyng, and passed the myre and dressed 
 vp ther ladders, and so entred into the toAvne and came to the gate, sownynge their 
 homes Avithout any daunger, for the good men of y toAvne Avere in their beddes : this 
 was the xvii. day of July. Thus they came to the gate and brake the barriers, and they 
 without brake downe y barriers there, so that euery man entred. Than they of the 
 towne began to styrre, but that was to late, for they were taken in their houses, and as 
 many as Avere founde in harnesse and at defence, Avere slayne Avithout mercy. Thus the 
 good tOAvne of Dan"^ Avas taken, Avherin Avas founde great richesse, and specially the 
 sellers full of Maluesey' and wyne Granade ; and it was shewed me hoAve there A\as great 
 richesse there of the of Bruges, Avhiche they had brought thyder, for feare that they had 
 of rebellyon of the comon people. 
 
 Fraiices Atreman, Avhan he sawe that he Avas lorde of Dan," he was greatly reioysed, 
 and sayd, Nowe haue I well kept my promyse with them of Gaunte : this towne shall 
 serue vs Avell to maister Bruges, Sluse, and Ardenbourcke. Than incontynent he made 
 % crye, that no man shulde be so hardy to touche or do any displeasure to any lady or 
 getyhvoman in the towne. 1 heic was the same tyme there a seuyn knightes Avyues, who 
 Avere come thyder to se the lady of Guystelles, slie Avas redy lo lye doAvne a chylde 
 beed. Thus after they had pilled the tOAvne, and slayne all suche as wolde nat take 
 
 their 
 
 ? Quatre Mestiers. '' Genoa. ' Damtne. ^ Bavaria. f Malmsey. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 15 
 
 their parte, than they went to repayre the towne agayne. Whanne they of Bruges 
 herde therof, they were sore displeased, and nat without cause, and armed them, and 
 with baner disphiyed came before the towne of Dan," and began to scrimysshe and to 
 assayle the towne; but all was for nought; they lost more than thei wan, and so re- 
 tourned agayne to Bruges. Whan these tidynges came to Gaunt, they were greatlye 
 reioysed, and reputed that enterprise for a noble dede, and Frauces Atreman for a valy- 
 ant man. 
 
 Nowe let vs returne to the frenche kynges weddyng. 
 
 Whan the duches Margarete of Heynalte, who had the yonge lady in her kepynge, 
 whan she sawe the day was come, she apparelled the lady honestly; and to them came 
 the duches of Burgoyne"" and the duches of Brabant, accompanyed with many ladyes 
 and damosels : these thre ladies coueyed the lady Isabell of Bauiers' in a chayre, ryche- 
 lye couered, Avith a crowne on her heed, worthe the richesse of a realme, whiche the 
 kynge had sent her before : and the bysshoppe of the same place dyde wedde them in 
 the presens of all the lordes and ladyes. After the masse and solempnyte linysshed, 
 the kyng and all they went to dyner, whiche was great and sumptuous, and erles and 
 barownes serued the kynge in ryche array. Thus the day cotynued in great sporte tyll 
 it was night : than the kyng went to bedde with his newe wyfe : so the feest endured tyll 
 the wednisday'' after. Than tidynges came to the kynge and his counsayle, howe 
 Fraunces Atreman had wonne the towne of Danne ;' also there came an haraude from 
 the duke of Burbone, and brought letters to the kyng, signifyeng hym howe Tayl- 
 bourcke was wonne and turned frenche, and howe the duke of Burbone and his copany 
 was goyng to ley siege to Vertuell," and howe they had in Poyctou, Xaynton, and Li- 
 mosyn recoquered sixe forteresses. These tidynges somwhat reioysed the court, and 
 sette at nought the lesyng of Danne,^ sauyng that it was cocluded that the kyng shulde 
 do nothing tyll he had ben in Flaunders and won agayne Danne,* and to entre so farre 
 into the lour craftes,' out of the whiche all the venym issued, that he shulde leaue no 
 house standynge, but to dystroy all. Than messangers were sent oner all the realme of 
 Fraunce, comaudynge all men of warre to be by the first day of August in y marchesse 
 of Picardy, to ley siege to Dan." These tidynges spredde abrode in the realme ot 
 Fraunce, and euery knight and squyer made them redy to come to the kyng, as they 
 were comaunded. The' same day duke Frederyke of Bauyer,'' and duke Aubert, and 
 all the barony toke leue of the kyng, and euery man retourned home to their owne, and 
 lefte with the kyng the lady Isabell of Bauyer,' as than the frenche queue. 
 
 The frenche kyng, who had made his comaundement throughe all his realme, sayd 
 howe he wolde neuer come in Parystyll he had ben before the towne of Danne f and so 
 the XXV. day of July he departed fro Amyence with the constable, and dyuers other 
 lordes of his house, and went to Arras, where he taryed but one night, and the next day 
 he went to Lan^ in Arthoyse, and dayly men of warre came to hym fro all partes ; and 
 so at last he came to Ipre, so that by y firste day of August he was before Dan,' and laye 
 so nere to it, that the gonne shot passed ouer his heed. A thre dayes after came to the 
 kynge, Wylliam of Heynalte, who was ryght welcome to the kynge and to the duke of 
 Burgoyne : so there they layde a goodly siege about Dan,' and therin was enclosed 
 Frauces Atreman, who bare himselfe valiantly, for euery day ther was outher scrimysshe 
 or assaut, without it were truse. The lorde of Clary, who was mayster of the ordy- 
 naunce with the lorde of Coucy, was striken with a quarell ont of the towne, of whiche 
 stroke he dyed ; whiche was great domage, for he was a noble knight. To the siege of 
 
 Danne 
 
 ' Damme. ' Burgundy. ' Bavaria. '' Tuesday, according to the Lyons' 
 
 edition and Johnes. ' Bertueil. ' (iuatre Mestiers. « Lens.— Joknes. 
 
16 THE CRONYGLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 Danne^ there came men oute of the good townes of Flaunders, as Ipre, Bruges, and out 
 of Franke. At this siege were beyond a hundred thousande men. The kyng laye by- 
 twene Dan' and Gaunte ; and capitayne of the flemmynges was the lorde of saynt Pye'' 
 and the lorde of Guystels, with a xxv. speares, and laye myddes amonge them for feare 
 of discencion. 
 
 Hoxue (li/uers burgesses of Sluse were beheeded ; and howe Sluse was chaunged for the 
 lande of Belhune ; and liowe the siege of Danne'- conlynewed longe. 
 
 GAP. VII. 
 
 AT an assaut there was made knyght by the kynge, Wylliam of Heynalte : that day 
 he reared vp his baner, and quytte hymselfe lyke a good knight ; but at that assaute the 
 Frenchemen loste more than they wanne, for Fraunces Atreman had with hym certayne 
 archers of Englande, who greatly greued the assaylantes ; also he had great plentie of 
 artillary, for whan the towne was wonne it was well furnysshed, and also he caused 
 moclie to be brought fro Gaut, whan he knewe that he shulde haue siege layde to the 
 towne. In the same season, whyle the siege laye thus before Danne,^ some of the 
 greattest of the towne of Sluse, suche as than bare moost rule in the towne, were so 
 wrapped with treason, y they wolde haue deliuered the towne to the kinges enemyes, 
 and to haue murdred their capitayne and his company in their beddes, and to haue set 
 fyre in the kynges nauy, that lay there at ancre, laded with prouisyon for the kynge ; 
 before he wente to Danne,"" he was in purpose to haue gone into Scotlande after his 
 admyrall ; and also these treators had thought to haue broken downe the see bankes, 
 therby to haue drowned the greattest parte of the kynges boost. Of all this they had 
 made marchaundise with them of Gaute, and all these treasons shulde haue ben done in 
 one night ; but ther was a good man in the towne, as he was in an hostry, herde all this 
 treason that they were purposed to do, and incontynent he went to the capitayne, and 
 shewed hym the mater, and named to hym certayne of them that had thus conspyred 
 the treason. Whan y capitayne herde that, he sore marueyled, and toke a threscore 
 speares of his company and wente fro house to house of the treatours, and so toke and 
 sette them in dyuers prisons in sure kepynge : than he toke his horse and rode to the 
 kyng, and so came to his tente before hym and the duke of Burgoyne ;' he shewed all y 
 mater howe the towne of Sluse was likely to haue ben lost, and all the kynges host 
 likely to haue ben in the water to the brestes ; wherof the kyng and the lordes had great 
 marueyle: and than the capitayne was comaunded that he shulde retourne to Sluse, and 
 incontynent to stryke of all their heedes, withoute any respyte, therby all other to take 
 ensample. So the capitayne retourned, and incontynent strake of all their heedes. 
 This was the conclusion of that busynesse. Than the duke of Burgoyne cast in his 
 aduyse, to fynde some meanes to entreat his cosyn, sir William of Namure, to haue of 
 hym the towne of Sluse by exchaunge for other landes, and to ioyne that towne to 
 the countie of Flaunders ; and this was moche by thaduyse of sir Guy de la Tre- 
 moyle,'* who had the somer before sojourned in Sluse, with a certayne nombre of men 
 of warre. 
 
 Whaiie sir Wylliam of Namure herde first spekynge of that matter, he was maruey- 
 lously displeased, for the lowi^e of Sluse, with the apendauntes and profytes of the see, 
 was a fayre and profytable herytage, and it was HtUcn to him by hisauncestours, wherfore 
 
 he 
 
 = Damme. " Saimpi. ' Burgvmdy. '' Ticmouille. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 1? 
 
 he loued it the better; howebeit, the duke of Burgoyne' by so sore on hym, therfore, 
 that there was no remedy, but to make the exchaunge ; for the dukes entensyon was to 
 make there a stronge castell, to subdue all comers and goers by the see entryng into the 
 hauynof Sluse, and to kepe it with me of warre, so that none shulde entre by the see 
 in those marchesse without their daunger, and to make a towre so highe, to se twetie 
 leao-es into the see. So thus breuely this sir Wylliam of Namure was so sore desyred 
 by the duke of Burgoyne" and his counsayle, that he was contente to exchaunge Sluse for 
 the landes of Bethune, whiche is a fayre and a great herytage in that countrey ; he to 
 haue that to hym and to his heyres for euer : and so than incontynent the duke of Bur- 
 <Toyn sette workemen a worke to make the castell of Sluse. 
 Nowe lelte vs speke of the siege of Danne.'' 
 
 There was nere euery daye an assaute, and dyuers scrimysshes at the gates and bar- 
 riers, so that dyuers were hurt and slayne day lye. The frenchmen coude nat well 
 come to the walles, bycause of the dykes were full of myre ; for if it had ben rayny 
 wether, the boost shulde haue had moche ado, and shulde haue ben fayne to haue dis- 
 lodired, wheder they wolde or nat ; but by the space of a moneth that the siege endured, 
 it neuer rayned, and they had vitayle ynoughe ; howebeit, bycause of the yuell ayre 
 and the stynkynge of deed beestes and horses the ayre was so corrupte, that dyuers 
 kni^htes and squyers were therby sore sicke, so that dyuers went to refresshe them at 
 Bruo'es and other places, to forsake the yuell ayre. 
 
 The kynge hymselfe went and laye at Maries, howebeit, his tentes were styll pight 
 vp in the felde. The entent of Frauces Atreman was to holde styll the towne, tyll 
 socours came out of Englande to reyse the siege ; and surely they of Gaunte had sende 
 into Englande for rescue, and surely the kyng of Englandes vncles had come ouer the 
 see sufficiently garnysshed with men of warre and artillarye to haue reysed the siege, 
 but that they were lette bycause of the admyralles beyng in Scotlande, with a certayne 
 nombre of men of armes : and also it was sayde in the realme of Englande, that the con- 
 stable of Frauce shulde come after into Scotlande with a great puissauce for to make 
 warre into Englande, wherby the gauntoyse were nat rescued ; wherfore it behoued 
 them within the towne of Dan'' to make an yuell bargayne. 
 
 Howe the gauntoyse fledde out of Dan^ by night, and horn the frenchemen toke the 
 towne and distroyed it ; and also hoive the kynge distroyed the countre of the foure 
 craftes. 
 
 CAP. VIII. 
 
 THE xxvii. day of August the towne of Dan'' was won ; for whan Fraunces Atreman 
 parceyued that he had no socour, and that his artillary began to fayle, than he was 
 somwhat disconforted in hymself, and sayd to them of his cousayle, Sirs, I wyll that 
 we of Gaunt go our wayes, and lette vs shewe this one to another secretely, for if they 
 of the towne knewe of our departyng, to saue themselfe, their wyues and chyldren, 
 paraduenture they wyll make a shrewde marchaundyse for vs, yea, and delyuer vs to 
 oure enemyes, so that they may be in rest and peace, and that shulde coste vs oure 
 lyues, but I shall kepe theym well therfro ; whci fore let vs kepe vs all toguyder, and 
 let vs go about the towne to vysite the watche, and lette vs cause the men and women of 
 the towne to go into the mynster, makynge theym to beleue that to morowe next we 
 
 Vol. II. D sh^H 
 
 • Burgundy. '' Damme. 
 
18 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 shall haue a great assaute : and bicause we wolde y they sliulde haue no domao-e, ther- 
 
 fore we wyll haue them in suretie in the churche out ot" the waye ; and we shall saye to 
 
 the watchemen, that we wyll go out and make a scrymysshe with the hoost; and whan 
 
 we be in the feldes, lette vs ryde on the spurres to Gaunte. They of his counsayle 
 
 sayd, Sir, ye haue well sayd, so lette it be. And so euery man ordayned themselfe as 
 
 they had purposed, and in the euenyng they trussed redy all their goodes, suche as 
 
 they might cary awaye, and put all women and children and other prisoners into the 
 
 inynster, and specially all ladyes and gelylwomen, sayeng to them, Fayre ladyes, we 
 
 sliall haue to morowe in the mornyng a great assaute, and we wolde nat that ye shulde 
 
 be abasshed or take any domage. So thus they lefte them in the churche, and at the 
 
 first hour of the night the gauntoise went and dyde visyte the watche, and on the walks 
 
 there were none but they of the towne. Than Fraunces Atreman sayde to them, Sirs, 
 
 make this night good watche, and depart nat fro the walks for any thyng ye here or se, 
 
 for in y mornyng we shall haue an assaut, but yet first this night I wyll awake the hoost. 
 
 His wordes were well beleued ; euery man went he had sayd trouthe. Whan he had 
 
 ordayned euery thynge accordynge to his mynde, than he caused a gate to be opyned, 
 
 and so he and all his company issued out, and he was nat halfe a leage fro the towne but 
 
 it was day light: than they of the towne parceyued well that Fraunces Atreman and all 
 
 his company were gone ; than they thought themselfe disceyued : than y chefe of the 
 
 towne began to entreate with the men of the kynges, that were there as prisoners, sayeng 
 
 to theym, howe they had slayne Fraunces Atreman the same night. 
 
 Whan dyuers of the towne of Dan" vnderstode howe Fraijces Atreman and his co- 
 pany were gone, and howe the gate was opyn, they ran out of the towne that best might ; 
 and whan this was knowen in thoost, the bretons and burgonyons"" desyring to wyn, 
 mounted on their horses and fell in the chase, and pursued the gauntoise tyll they cae 
 within two leages of Gaunte : so in the chase there were many slayne and taken, mo 
 than fyue hundred, but of them were but fewe gautoise, but moost of Danne,° that 
 fledde out of the towne: in the meane season the towne was assayled, where was made 
 no defence ; so the frenchemen entred on euery syde by ladders, and had passed the 
 dykes with mochepayne: and whan they were within, they had wende to haue won 
 gret riches, but they foude there nothyng but poore people, men, women, and chyl- 
 dren, and great plentie of good wynes ; and so for dispyte and displeasure they sette 
 fyre in the towne, so that it was nighe all brent ; wherof the kynge and the duke 
 of Burgone was sore displeased, but they coude nat amende it; howebeit, the ladyes 
 and gentylwomen with moche payne were saued fro hurt of their bodyes or losse of 
 their goodes. 
 
 After the takyng of Dan,' the kyng was counsaykd to dislodge, and so the king 
 went and lodged a two leages fro Gaunte, at a towne called ArtuUe;" and whyles the 
 kyng lay there, his men of armes rode in the countrey of the four craftes,"" and distroyed 
 all the countre, bycause in tyme past the gauntoy^e had chiefe cofort euer fro them; 
 therfore they brent downe towres, churches, and houses, and chased the men, women, 
 and chyldren into the woodes. Whan the frechmen had done that distruction, than it 
 was ordayned to go and lay siege to the castell of Gaure, and than after to Gaunte ; but 
 all that tourned to nothyng, for tidynges came to the kynge beyng at Artuelle,'' fro the 
 queue of Hungry, by the bysshop of Wasselure,' the sayd queues ambassadour, with 
 dyuers knightes and squycis In his company ; and they brought letters of credence, 
 certifyeng howe the said queue was comyng iuiu Fraunce, to fetclie Lewes of Fraunce, 
 erle of Valoys, to haue hym into Hugry to her doughter, whom sir Johan la Parson 
 
 had 
 
 ; Damme. ^ Burgundians. ' Arlevelle. ^ Les Quatre Mestiers. * Vassereul. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 19 
 
 had wedded by procuracion in the name of the erle of Valoyes. These tidynges 
 pleased <rreatly the kynge and his counsayle ; and so it was tliought, that for the ho- 
 noure of *the yonge Lewes, erle of Valois, that they shulde returne into Fraunce, and 
 thought they hadde done ynoughe for that season in the countre of Flauders. 
 
 Howe the frenche ki/ng departed out of Flaunders, and gaue leaue to his men to de- 
 parte, and howe he cue to Parys to treate with the ambassadours of Hungry ; and 
 howe the Marques of Blanqueforl^ toke by stregth to his wyfe the same lady enhe- 
 rytoure of Hungry. 
 
 CAP. IX. 
 
 THAN the frenche kyng departed fro Artuell the xii. day of Septembre, and gaue 
 leaue to all men of warre to retourne to their owne houses ; of the whiche departynge the 
 Gauntoyse were ryght gladde. Than the kyng Avent to Craye,'' where the quene his 
 wyfe was ; for whan he went fro Amyens to Flauders, he sent her thyder to kepe her 
 estate ; and so he taried ther certen dayes, and so the kyng wenteto Parys, and the quene 
 to Boyse de Vyncens ;' and ther the kyng and his counsayle entended for the ordring 
 of the yong erle of Valoyes, for he wolde that he shulde go nobly into Hugry, where 
 as they toke hym for kyng: but the mater chaunged otherwyse in a shorte season after 
 in the realme of Hungry, as ye shall here after. It is of trouthe y the quene of Hugry, 
 mother to the yonge lady whom the erle of Valoys had wedded by procuracion (as ye 
 haue herde before) had all her entet to make therle of Valoys kyng of Hungry, desyr- 
 ing in her mynde nothyng so moche ; and for y same entent she had sente the bysshop 
 VasereuU and other of her countrey into Fraunce : and in the meane season that these 
 ambassadours came into Fraunce, the kynge of Almayne,** who wrote himselfe kyng of 
 Romayns, had a brother yonger than hymselfe, named Henry of Blaquefort.' This 
 kyng of Romayns was enfourmed of the state of the treatie bytwene the quene of 
 Hungry and the yonge erle of Valoys, and howe that the ambassadours were goone for 
 hym into Fraunce. This kyng of Romayns, who loued better the profite of his brother 
 rather than of his cosyn, cast "his aduyse, and had done long, and all his entensyon and 
 affection was, howe to bring the mater about secretely and craftely, as he well shewed ; 
 for if the quene of Hungry had knowen of his mynde, she wolde haue prouided remedy 
 right well therfore ; but she knewe it nat, as it well appered. The counsayle of Al- 
 mayne'' knewe right well that the quene of Hugry and her doughter were a sportyng of 
 them at a castell nere to the marchesse of Almaygne •.'^ that ones knowen, the Marques 
 of Blaqueforte" assembled a great nobre of men of armes, to the nombre of ten thou- 
 sande, and so came sodaynly, and layde siege to the castell where as the quene was. 
 Whan the quene sawe that, she was sore dismayed, and incontynent sent to the Mar- 
 ques, to knowe why he had besieged her, and what thynge he demaunded. The Mar- 
 ques answered, that it was for none other thynge, but that she wolde mary her doughter 
 to a stranger, brother to the freche kyng, by whom she coude neuer haue any conforte 
 if she neded; therfore, he sayd, it were more better and profitable for her and for the 
 realme of Hungry to let hym haue her who is her cosyn, rather than another of a farre 
 coutre, as Lewes, erle of Valoyes. The quene answered agayne and sayd, howe she 
 neuer herde before his desyre, and therfore she was agreed with the frenche kynges 
 brother ; sayeng also, howe the kyng of Hungry, licr husbande, or he dyed, had or- 
 dayned that it shulde so be. To the whiche sayeng, the Marques answered and sayd, 
 He cared nat for all that, but sayd, howe he had the good wyll of the most parte of all 
 
 Ds the 
 
 ' Brandenburg;!! ? '' Craonne ? "^ The wood of Vincennes. ''Germany. 
 
20 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 the realme of Hungry, wherfore he sayd he wolde haue her, outher hy fayre meanes or 
 byfoule: the quene was sore dismayd with those wordes ; howebeit, she helde her styll 
 and sente all about for socoure, but none wolde come to her agaynst the Marques, and 
 there the hungryes shewed well howe they hadde as lyue haue the marchaundyse of 
 Almaygne,'' as of Frauce ; and whan the quene sawe that she coulde haue no conforte 
 of her men, she wyste nat what to do : the Marques thretened her, that if he wanne 
 her by force, he wolde sette her in a towre, with bredde and water, as longe as she 
 lyued, whiche made the quene afrayed, for she sawe well she was but in a weake place, 
 A^out men, vitayle, or prouision ; than she treated with the Marques, and delyuered 
 hym her dere doughter, and incontynent he dyd wedde her and bedde her. 
 
 Thus sir Henry of Boesme,'' marques of Blanquefdrte, came to the herytage of Hun- 
 gry, wherof he was kynge, more by force than by loue, as to the consentynge of the olde 
 quene, but she was fayne to agre, or els to haue made a worse marchaundyse. These 
 tidynges were anone knowen with the ambassadoures that were in Fraunce, and were 
 comyng homwarde, and the erle of Valoys redy at Troyse, and had taken leaue of the 
 kyng, and of his vncles ; Avhan he herde of these tidynges he was sore displeased, but he 
 coulde nat remedy it. 
 
 Thus the hugros' departed right sore displeased, they had good cause why ; the 
 yonge erle retourned to Parys to the kynge his brother, and to his vncles, who made 
 no great force of that maryage, Sayeng, howe the erle of Valoyes was happy that his 
 tvyfe was taken fro hym, for they sayde, howe Hungry was very farre of, and yuell to 
 be ledde by the frenchemen, nor they coude haue but lytell ayde or coforte of the: ther- 
 fore this mater was forgoten and lytell sette by. Than they thought for hym another 
 maryage, that was the doughter of the duke of Myllayne, who was inherytoure to all 
 Lombardy, whiche lande is more ryche than the realme of Hungry, and more nerer for 
 the frenchemen. 
 
 Nowe lette vs leaue to speke of these mariages, and lette vs retourne to the duke of 
 Burbone, who was in Poyctou, at the siege before Bertuell: and than lette vs retourne 
 to the adniyrall beyng in Scotlande, and shewe howe he dyd there. 
 
 Hoive the duke of Burbone toke Berluell, in Poictou. And also of the great assemble 
 that the kyng of scottes made to entre into Englande. 
 
 CAP. X. 
 
 THE same season that the kyng was in Flaunders, as well before Dan,"* as before 
 other places, the duke of Burbone with a great nombre entred into Lymosyn, and into 
 Poictou, and toke dyuers castelles and fortresses that were as than Englysshe, as 
 Archeacke, Garnat, Mountlue, eight myle fro Burdeaux, and Taylbourcke, on the 
 ryuer of Charent, and than wente and layde siege before Bertuell, a stronge castell in 
 Poictou, on the marchesse of Limosyn, and Xaynton. Of Bertuell Avere capitayns, 
 Andrue Pinas, an Englyssheman, and Bertande Motrynet, Gascoyne, and they had 
 with the a certayne nombre of good companyons. At this siege there was dyuers as- 
 sautes and scrimysshes, and many feates of armes done, and nighe euery day at the 
 barryers : what by them within and them without, tiicie was scrimysshyng where as 
 
 were 
 
 ' Germany. ? Bohemia. ' Hungarians. . '' Damme. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 21 
 
 were some slayne and some hurt ; howebeit, tlie duke of Burbone sayde, he wolde nat 
 departe thens tyll he had the castell at his pleasure, for so he had promysed the duke of 
 Berry whan he departed fro hym last. And durynge the siege, it fortuned that Ber- 
 trande du Montrynet, one of the capitayns of the castell, as he was deuysing to make 
 a newe dyke, ther came a gonne shotte fi o the boost, and sodainly slewe the sayd Ber- 
 trande, who before that tyme had escaped sixtene peryllous sieges ; of his dethe they 
 within the castell were sore dismayed and soroufull, but they coude nat amende it, and 
 so than Andrewe was capitayne alone : and than within fyftene dayes after, there was a 
 treatie bytwene them without and them within, to yelde vp the castell with all the pro- 
 uision therin, and they within to be surely coueyed to Bouteuyll, wherof Dyrandon de 
 la Perade,^ was capiten. Thus the frenchemen had the castell of Bertuell, whiche 
 incontynent they newly repayred, and furnysshed with artyllary and men of warre ; 
 than the duke wente and refresshed hym at a good towne therby called Cares, and so 
 from thens to Lymogines,'' and there he taryed an eight dayes, and determyned to re- 
 tourne into Fraunce : and so he dyde, and founde the kyng at Parys, with his nephue 
 the erie of Valoyes, who receyued hym with great ioye. 
 
 Nowe lette vs retourne to the busynesse of Scotlade, and to the admyrall of Fraunce, 
 and vihul he dyde in that season. 
 
 Ye haue herde here before howe y admyrall of Fraunce, with a certayne men of warre 
 laded in Scotlande at Edenborowe, and howe they founde there another maner of coun- 
 tre than it was shewed the yere before by the barones of Scotlande : for the kynge there 
 and the barons of Scotlande the yere before had enformed sir Geffray of Charney, and 
 sir Aymarde de Marse,*^ that if the seneschall, constable, or admyrall, of Fraunce, 
 wolde passe the see and come into Scotlade, but with one ihousande speares, and fyue 
 hundred crosbowes, with harnesse to arme a thousande scottes, that than with the ayde 
 of the hole realme of Scotlande they wolde fyght with thenglysshmen, and make so great 
 a hole in Englande, that it shulde neuer be recouered : and so thus the Frenchemen 
 with the admyrall passed the see, andAvere come into Scotlande; howebeit, they founde 
 nat all the sayd promyse nat very true ; first, they founde harde people and yuell 
 frendes, and a poore coiTUre ; suche knightes and squyers of Fraunce as were there, 
 knewe nat Avheder to sende their varieties to forrage, they durst nat without they went 
 i great routes, for the bribours of the countrey who Avatched for them at the passages, 
 and often tymes slewe of them. At last kyng Robert of Scotlande cae to Edenborowe 
 with a payre of reed blered eyen, it semed they were lyned with sedall,'' and it semed 
 ryght well by hym, that he was no valyant man in armes : it semed he had rather lye 
 styil than to ryde: he had a ix. sonnes, and they loued well armes: so thus wha the 
 kyng was come thyder, the lordes and knightes of Fraunce drewe to hym and dyd their 
 
 dutie ; 
 
 ^ Probably Dinandon of Perat, of whom see back. *> Lymoges. ' Hamart de Masse. 
 
 " In the trench edition " il sembloit de sendal," which Mr. Johnes has translated " eyes of the colour of 
 sandal wool." Cendal, or sendal, was a thin silk; generally of a reddish colour. " Cendal une etofie 
 de soie, dont on faisoit les banieres et roriflamme." — Glossaire de la Langue Roniaine. 
 
 L'oriflamme est une baniere, 
 Aucim poi plus fort que guimple, 
 De cendal roujoyans et simple. 
 Sans pourtraicture d'autre chose. 
 
 Guyart, poete de IS™' siecle. 
 
 " AU was couyrde wytli 7-edd sendell 
 " The caryage behynde, as y yow telle, 
 '* Came with the tresur ryght." 
 
 Le bone Florence of Rome, MSS. Mor. Public Library, Cambridge. 
 
22 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 dutie ; and there was present the erle Duglas, the erle Morette,' the erle de la Mayre,'' 
 the erle of Surbaulte," and dyuers other: there the admyrall requyred the kyns;, that y 
 cause of their comyng into that countre myght be accoplysshed, sayeng howe they 
 wolde fayne make a iourney into Englande. The barons, knightes, and squyers, of 
 Scotlade, suche as desyred to auaunce themselfe, were right ioyfuU, and said that if 
 god be pleased they wolde make suche a voyage, y shulde be to their honour and pro- 
 fyte. The kyng than sent out his comaundement to assemble his power, and so at 
 the day assigned he had redy a xxx. thousande men all on horsebacke, and as they 
 came, they lodged accordynge to the vsage of their countrey, I thynke nat all at their 
 ease. 
 
 Sir Johan de Vyen, who had great desyre to ryde, and to enploye his tyme into 
 Englande, to do some great enterprise, Avhan he sawe the scottes were come, he sayd, 
 Sirs, nowe it is tyme to ryde, we haue lyen to long sty 11 ; so than the settyng forwarde 
 was publysshed to euery man: tha they toke their waye to Rosebourcke/ In this iourney 
 the kyng was nat, he abode styll at Edeborow, but all his sonnes were in the array. 
 The thousande complete harnesse that the Frenchemen brought with the, was delyuered 
 to the knightes of Scotlande, and of Norwiche," who were before but yuell harnessed, 
 of the whiche harnesse they had great ioye, and so they rode towarde Northumberlande ; 
 and so longe they rode that they came to the abbey of Mauues,^ and there they lodged 
 all about the ryuer of Tymbre,^ and the nexte day they cle to Morlane,'' and than before 
 Rosebourcke :'' the kepar of Rosebourc'' vnder the lorde Motagu, Avas a knight called 
 sir Edwarde ClyfTorde: the admyrall of Fraunce, and the scottes, taryed and behelde 
 well the castell, and all thynges considred. they sawe well to assayle it shulde lytell 
 aueyle them, for the castell was stronge aud well furnysshed with artillary. And so 
 than they passed by and drewe along the ryuer syde aprochyng to Berwyke. And so 
 long they rode that they came to two towres right strong, whiche were kept by two 
 knightes, the father and the sonne, bothe were called sir Johan Strande; aboute these 
 towres were fayre landes and a fayre place, the whiche incontynent were brent, and the 
 two towres assayled. Ther was many feates of armes shewed, and dyuers scottes hurte 
 "With shotte and cast of stones ; finally the towres were wonne, and the knightes within, 
 by playne assaut, yet they defended the as longe as they might endure. 
 
 Hoive the frenchemen and scottes ivanne the castell of Farley,' and distroyed diuers 
 other tormes in JVorthumberlande, and howe they withdrewe agayne into Scotlade, 
 whan they knewe that the kyng of Englade came on them with a great puys- 
 saunce. 
 
 CAP. XI. 
 
 AFTER the conquest of thes two towres, than they went to another castel called 
 Varley,' parteyning to the herytage of sir John Montagu, and Capitayne there vnder 
 hym was sir Johan of Lusseborne, who had there with hym his wyfe and his chyldren, 
 and all his good: he knewe well before that the scottes wolde come thyder, therfore he 
 had purueyed the castel to the best of his power to abyde the assaute : so about this cas- 
 tell 
 
 f Of Moray. ^^ ^ Mar. ' Sutherland. ■' Roxburgh. ' In the French, 
 
 " Norwege," meaning, I apprehend, those from the Western and Orkney Isles." — Johnes omits the 
 phrase altogether. < Melrose. « Tweed. '■ Lanibir-Laes, 
 
 ' Wark > 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 23 
 
 tell taryed all the armye; this castell stode in a fayre countre, by a fayre ryuer whiche 
 cx)meth out of Tymbre,' and ronnelh into the see. So on a day there was a great assaut, 
 and the frenchemen bare the well the same day, moche better than the scoltes dyd, for 
 they entred into the dykes, and passed through with moche payne ; there was many 
 feates of armes done, what by them aboue and them beneth ; the frenchemen mouted vp 
 by ladders, and fought hande to hande with daggars on thewalles: Sir Johan Lusse- 
 borne dyd quyte hymselfe Ivke a valyant knight^and fought with the frenchemen hande 
 to hande on the ladders. At this assaule there was slayne a knight of Almaygne,** cal- 
 led sir Bleres"^ Gastelayne, whiche was great domage ; there were many hurt that day, 
 but finally there was so moche people, and thassaute so well contynued, that the castell 
 was wonne, and the knight, his wyfe and chyldren taken, and a xl. other prisoners. 
 And than the castell was brent and rased downe, for they sawe well that it was nat to be 
 kept, seyng that it was so farr in Englande as it was. Than the admyrall and scottes 
 rode towarde Auwike," in y landeof the lorde Percy, and lodged there about, and brent 
 certayne villages ; and so came to another castell of therle of Northuberlandes, stand- 
 yng on the see syde, but they assayled it nat, for they knew well they shulde lese their 
 payne: and so they rode all about that fronter, half waye bytwene Berwyke and New- 
 castell, on the ryuer of Tyne, and there they vnderstode howe y the duke of Lacastre, 
 therle of Northuberlande, the erle of Notingham, the lorde Neuell, and the barons of 
 those marches of Northuberlande, and of the bysshoprikes of Yorke and Dyrham, were 
 comynge on them with a great power. Whan thadmyrall of Fraunce knewe therof, he 
 was right ioyfull, and so were all the barons of Frauce that were in his copany, for they 
 desyred to haue batayle, but the scottes cared lytell therfore; there they were counsayled 
 to returne againe towarde Berwyke, bycause of their prouisyon that folowed them, and 
 also to be nere their owne coutre, and there to abyde for their ennemyes ; so thadmyrall 
 beleued the, and returned towarde Berwyke, wherof sir Thomas Redman was capitayne, 
 and with hym right good men of armes. So the frenchmen and scottes lay before the 
 towne but assayled it' nat, and so passed by the next day, and toke the waye to Bur- 
 bourcke,' to retourne to their owne countrees. 
 
 Tidynges was brought anon into Englade, howe the frechmen and scottes were in 
 Northumberlade, and distroyed and brent the coutre: the kynge of Englande knewe 
 right well before of tbeir comynge, wherfore y lordes were redy in the felde, and toke 
 their way towarde the scottes. Thenglysshmen had made that somer the grettest pro- 
 uisyon that euer tbey made, to go into Scotlande, bothe by lande and water; they had 
 a xxvi.' vessels on the see chaiged with prouision costyng the froters of Englande, redy 
 to entre into euery hauen ol Scotland ; and the kyng cae himselfe acopanyed with his 
 vncles, therle of Cabridge, and sir Thomas Holand ; ther was a]so therle of Salisbury, 
 therle of Arudell, the yong erle of Penbroke, the yong lorde Spcsar, therle of Stafforde, 
 and therle Mysien,' and so many barons and knightes, that they were four M. speres, 
 besyde them that were before \v the duke of Lacastre, therle of Northuberlade, therle of 
 Notyngham, the lorde Lucy, the lorde Neuell, the lordes and barons that were on be- 
 fore pursuyng the scottes, who were a two M. speares, and xv. M. archers, and the kynge 
 and the lordes Avere fyftie M. archers, besyde varlettes. 
 
 The kyng folowed the duke of Lancastre so fast, that he and all his host came into 
 the marches about Yorke : for on the way tidynges cae to the kyng, howe that his peo- 
 ple that were before were likely to fight with the scottes in the marches of Northuber- 
 lande, therfore he made the gretter hast: and bo the kyng cae at last to sait Johns of 
 
 Beuerley 
 
 ' Tweed. ^ Germany. ' Alberis. ' Alnwick. ' Roxburgh. 
 
 ' It should be six score. ' Mysien. U' > 
 
24 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 Beuerley in the marches of Dyrham, and ther tidynges came to the kyng, how that the 
 scottes were returned into their owne countre ; so all the men oF warre lodged about in 
 the marches of Northuberland. 
 
 Nowe shall I shewe you of an adueture that fell in theglysshe hoost, wherby that voy- 
 age was broken, and mortall warre bytwene certayne of the lordes. 
 
 Howe sir Johan Hollande slewe sir Rycharde Stafforde, and howe therle of Slaffordr 
 came to the kyng to demaimde iustyce. 
 
 CAP XII. 
 
 IN the marches of salt Johri of Beuerley, in y dyoces of Yorke, the kynge of Eng- 
 lande was lodged with a great nombre of erles, barons, and knightes, for euery man lay 
 as nere the kyng as they might, and specially his two vncles, sir Thomas Holande, erle 
 of Lien," and sir Joan Holande his brother. In the kynges company there was a knyght 
 of Boesme,'' was come to se the queue of Englande, and for loue of y queue, the kyng 
 and the lordes made hym good chere : his name was sir Myles,*" he was a fresshe lustye 
 knight after the vsage of Almaygne;*^ and so it fortuned besyde a vyllage nere to salt 
 Johans of Beuerley, y there fell wordes bitwene this knight, and two squyers of sir 
 Johan of Hollandes, brother to the kynge, and to the wordes there came two archers of 
 sir Johan" Staffordes ; the wordes so multiplyed that the two archers toke parte with the 
 straunger, and blamed the two squyers, sayng. Sirs, ye do wroge to medyll with this 
 knight, for ye knowe he is belongyng to the queue, and of her countre : ye ought rather 
 to support him than otherwise : than one of the squyers sayd, what enuyous knaue, hast 
 thou to do, thoughe I blame hym for his folly ? What haue I to do ? quod the archer ; 
 I haue right well to do therwith, for he is companyon to my mayster, therfore I wyll 
 nat be in the place to sufTre hym to receyue any villany ; yea, quod the squyer, if I 
 thought thou woldest ayde hym agaynste me, I wolde put this swerd through thy body, 
 and made coutnauce as thoughe he wolde haue stryken him : the archer stepped backe 
 •with his bowe, whiche was redy bente, and sette an arowe therin arid drewe it vp, and 
 shotte agaynst the squyer, that the arowe pearsed thoroughe body and hart, and so fell 
 downe deed ; whan the other squyer saAve his felowe deed, he fledde awaye, and sir 
 Myles"" retourned to his lodgynge. The two archers went to their maister, and shewed 
 hym all the aduenture : Sir Richarde" Stafforde sayde, Thou hast done right yuell ; 
 Sir, quod the archer, I coude do none otherwise, without 1 wolde haue been slayne 
 myselfe, and I had rather haue slayne hym, tha he shulde haue slayne me: Well, 
 quod sir Rycharde,' go thy waye that thou be nat founde, and I shall entreate for thy 
 peace with sir Johan of Holande, by my father, or by some other. So the archer de- 
 parted. 
 
 Tidynges anone was brought to sir Johan of Holande, that an archer of sir Richarde* 
 Staffordes, had slayne a squyer of his, y man that he loued best in all the worlde, and 
 it was shewed hym the maner howe, and that it was for the cause of sir Myles' the 
 strauger. Whan sir Johan of Holande was well enfourmed of this aduenture, he was 
 ryght sore displeased, and sayd, I shall neuer eate nor drinke tyll it be reuenged ; than 
 he lepte on his horse, and luke certayne of his men with hym, and departed fro his 
 owne lodgynge, it was as than right late, and so rode into the feldes and enquered where 
 
 sir 
 
 » Kent. I; Bohemia. ' Meles. '' Germany. ' Johnes calls him Ralph. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 25 
 
 sir Myles* was lodged ; it was shewed hym he was lodged in the reregaide, with the erle 
 of Deuuryniers," and therle of Stafforde. Tlian sir Johan HoUande toke the waye thy- 
 derwarde, and sought to fynde sir Myles.' And as he and his men rode vp and downe 
 amonge the hedges and busshes, in a straite waye he mette at aduenture with sir Ri- 
 charde"" Stafforde, and bicause it was night he demauded who was there ; I am, quod 
 he, Rycharde' Stafforde ; and I am HoUande, quod the other, and 1 seke for the: one 
 of thy seruauntes hath slayne my best beloued squyer : and therwith drewe out his 
 sworde, and strake Richarde' Stafforde, so that he slewe hym and fell downe deed, 
 whiche was great pytie ; so he passed forthe and knewe nat well what he had done, but 
 he sawe well one falle to the grounde. Sir Richarde' Staffordes men were sore dismayd 
 whan they sawe their maister deed ; than they cryed, A, Holande, Holande, ye haue 
 slayne the soime of therle of Stafforde, this wyll be heuy tidynges to the father whaiie 
 he knoweth therof Some of sir Johan of Holandes seruauntes herde well these wordes, 
 and sayde to their mayster, Sir, ye haue slayne sir Rycharde' Stafforde ; well, quod sir 
 Johan Hollade, what than ? I had leauer haue slayne him than a worse : the better haue 
 I reuenged the dethe of my squyer. Than sir Johan of HoUande wente streyght to 
 saynt Johans of Beuerley, and tooke the fraunchesse of the towne, and abode there 
 slyll, for he knewe well there wolde be moche ado in the hooste for the dethe of that 
 knight, and he wyst nat what the kynge wolde saye or do in the mater ; so to eschue all 
 parylles, he tooke sentuary in the towne of saynt Johans of Beuerley. 
 
 Tidv^ges anone came to the Erie of Stafforde, howe his sonne was slayne by yuell 
 aduenture: thane the erle demaunded who had slayne hym ; and suche as Avere by hym 
 whan he was slayne, sayd, sir, the kynges brother, sir Johan of Holande dyd slee hym: 
 and shewed hym the cause why, and howe it was. Ye maye well knowe that he that 
 loued entierly his sonne, and hadde no mo but hym, and was a fayre yonge knyght, and 
 a couragyous, was marueylously sore dyspleased, and sente incontynent for all his 
 frendes to haue their counsayle, howe he shulde vse hymselfe in the reuengynge of his 
 dethe : the moost wysest man of his counsayle sayd, Sir, to morowe in the mornynge 
 shewe all the matter to the kyng, and desyre hym to haue lawe and iustyce. Thus they 
 suaged somwhat his yre, and so passed that night ; and the nexte mornynge Rycharde"' 
 Stafforde was buryed in the churche of the vyltage therby, and at his buryeng were all 
 those of his lynage, barons, knightes, and squyers, that were in that armye. And the 
 obsequy done, the erle of Stafforde, and a threscore of his lygnage, mounted on their 
 horses, and so came to the kynge, who was well enformed of that yuell aduenture ; and 
 so the Erie founde the kyng and his vncles toguyder, and a great nombre of knightes 
 with them. Whan the erle'came before the kyng he kneled downe, and all Avepynge, 
 sayde with a soroufuU harte, Sir, ye are kynge of Englande, and haue solemly sworne 
 to kepe Englade in all right, and to do iustyce : sir, ye knowe how your brother wout 
 any tytell of reason, hath slayne my sonne and ayre ; Sir, I requyre you do me right 
 and iustyce, or els ye shall haue no worse enemy than I wyll be ; and sir, I wyll ye 
 knowe the dethe of my son toucheth me so nere, that and it were nat for brekynge of 
 this voyage that we be in, I shulde bring the host into suche trouble, that with honour 
 it shulde "be amended, and so couteruenged, that it shulde be spoken of a hudred yeres 
 hereafter in Englande : but as novve I wyll cease tyll this voyage into Scotlande be done, 
 for our enneniyes shall nat reioyse of the trouble of the erle of Stafforde. The kyng an- 
 swered, knowe for trouthe, that I shall do you iustyce and reason, as far forthe as all 
 my barones wyll iudge : I shall nat fayle therof for no brother tliat I haue : than they of 
 the erles lynage sayd, Sir, ye haue sayd v.eU, %vc thanke you therof. Thus the lynage 
 
 Vol. II. E of 
 
 ' Meles. ^ Devonshire ? ' Ralph. 
 
06 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 of sir Richarde' Stafforde was apeased, and so helde on their iourney into Scotlande, 
 and all the iourney the erle of Stafforde made no semblant of the dethe of his sonne, 
 wherin all the barons reputed hym right sage. 
 
 Howe the ki/ng of Englande caused to be dislroyed the church of Meurous,^ in Scot- 
 lande : and hoive the barons of Scollandc answered the admi/rall of Fraunce, and 
 deui/sed to leaue Scotlande, and to let the Englesshemen alone. 
 
 CAP. XIII. 
 
 THUS auaunsed forthe the kyng of Englande with seuyn thousande men of armes, 
 and threscore thousand archers. All the strength of the reahne of Englade was there, 
 for it was sayd, howe the admyrall of Fraunce wolde fight with the : and in dede he had 
 great desyre and wyll so to do, for he sayde to the barons of Scotlande or they came 
 forthe. Sirs, make your sommons to gette as moche strength as ye can, for if the En- 
 glysshemen come into Scotlande, I wyll surely fight with the ; the scottes sayd as than 
 howe they were content therwith ; howebeit, after they toke other aduyse. The kynge 
 of Englande passed forthe so farr, that he passed Duresme,'^ and Newecastell, on the 
 ryuer of Tyne, and all the lande of Northumberlande, and so at laste came to Berwyke, 
 wherof sir Mathue"* Redman was capitayne, who receyued the kynge ioyfuUy: and the 
 kyng taryed nat ther long, but passed foi the ouer the ryuer of Twede, and toke his 
 lodgynge at the abbey of Mewrous,'' the whiche for all the warres that had been bytwene 
 Englande and Scotlande, had neuer no hurt nor domage, but as than it was clene brent 
 and exiled, for it was thentent of the englysshmen nat to retourne agayne into Eng- 
 lande, tyll they had distroyed all Scotlande, bycause they were fortifyed at that tyme 
 by the frenchemen. Whane the admyrall of Fraunce knewe that the kynge of Eng- 
 lande was passed the ryuer of Twede, and was entred into Morlane,^ in Scotlande, than 
 he sayd to the barons of Scotlande, Sirs, why do Ave sytte styll? let vs go forthe and 
 aduyse our ennemyes, and fyght with them ; it was shewed vs or we came here, that if 
 ye had out of Fraunce but one thousade of good men of armes, ye shulde be stronge 
 ynoughe to fyght with the Englysshemen : and I ensure you ye haue mo than a thousade, 
 and fyue hundred crosbowes, and surely the knightes and squyers that be here in my 
 company ar parfyte men of armes, and the floure of chiualrye, and wyll nat flye, but 
 abyde suche aduenture as god wyll sende you and them. 
 
 To these wordes answered the barones of Scotlade, who knewe so well the puissaunce 
 of the Englysshemen, that they hadde no wyll to fight with them, wherfore they said, 
 Sirs, we beleue well that ye and your company be chosen men, and of great valure ; but 
 sir, we haue knowledge that all the power of Englande is here, there were neuer so 
 many Englysshemen toguyder assembled as be nowe : and ye wyll, we shall bringe you 
 into suche a place, that ye shall well se and aduyse theym ; and thanne if ye counsayle 
 that they shall be fought with all, it shall nat be refused by vs, for surely, sir, all suche 
 wordes as ye haue said, we dyde speke them ; A goddes name, quod the admyrall, let 
 me ones se the. And so anon after, therle Duglas, and other barons of Scotlade, 
 brought ihadmyrall vnto a highe mountayne, and vnder the hyll there was a passage, 
 ■wherby theglysshe host must passe ; on this hyll was thadmyrall, \v diuers knightes of 
 
 Frauce 
 
 ; Ralph. ' Melrose. ' Durham. * Before called Thomas. ' Lambjr-law. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 27 
 
 Frauce in his company, and there clerely they sawe the Englysshemen and all their 
 puissaunce, and ther they nombred them as nere as they coude, to be a sixe thousande 
 men of armes, and threscore thousande archers, and other ; than all thynges cosydred, 
 they sayd howe they Avere nat of puyssaunce sufTycienl to fight with the Englysshemen, 
 for they passed nat a thousande speares, and a xxx. thousande of all other men, and but 
 yuell armed : than the admyrall sayd to the erle Duglas, and to therle Morette,' Sirs, 
 ye saye but good reason, thoughe ye haue no wyll to fight with the Englisshemen : ther- 
 fore aduyse you what ye wyll do : they are stronge ynoughe to ouer ryde all your coun- 
 trey, and to distroy it, and sithe ye maye nat fight with them, I pray you bring me 
 throughe your countre, by some priuye waye into Englande, if it maye be, and we shall 
 make them warre in some other parte, as they do to vs here : Sir, quoth the barones, , 
 that shall we well do, for we knowe dyuers wayes. 
 
 So thus the admyrall and the barones of Scotlande determyned to forsake Scotlande, 
 and to lette the Englysshmen alone, and to go and entre into Wales,'' and to go to the 
 cytieof Carlyle, and there to reuenge them; so they lefte the Englysshemen, and toke 
 the forestes and raountayns, and as they rode throughe out Scotlande, they distroyed 
 all as they wente, and brent townes, vyllages, and maners, and caused all the men, 
 women, and chyldren, of the coutre, to driue all their catayle, and to go into y wylde 
 forestes, for they knewe well the Englisshemen wolde nat folowe them thyder ; and the 
 kynge of Scottes wente into the wylde scottysshe," bicause he was nat 1 good poynt to 
 ryde a warfare, and ther he taryed all the warre durynge, and lette his men alone. So 
 the Frenchemen and Scottes passed the highe mountayns, bytwene Norlhumberlade and 
 Scotlande, and entred into the lande of Wales,'' and began to brenne villages, and dyd 
 moche hurte in the Mombrayes'' landes, and the erle of Notyngham, the erle of Staf- 
 forde, and the barone of Grasoppe,^ and the Mosgraues landes, and so they toke the 
 waye to the cytie of Carlyle. 
 
 Howe the kj/ng of Englande toke Edeboroive, the chefe cytie of Scotlande. And howe 
 the duke of Lancastre was in purpose to retonrne into Wales,^ to close in the 
 frenchmen and scottes; and wliat the frenchemen and the scottes dyde in the sayd 
 countre, 
 
 CAP. XIIII. 
 
 Pegny, the lorde of Hees, the lorde of Marnell, sir Valeran of Rauenall," the barone 
 Diuery, the barone of Fountayns, the lorde of Croye, sir Brake of Braquemont, the 
 lorde of Landury, and well a thousande speres of barons and knightes of Fraunce : and 
 so they and the lordes of Scotlande rode in Northuberlande, bytwene the mountayns on 
 the fronters of Wales,** brennyng townes, maners, and countrees ; and the kyng of 
 Englande, and his vncles, with barons and knightes of Englade and their companyes, 
 entred into Scotlande, and brent and exyled on their parte, and so the kyng came and 
 lodged in Edenborowe, y chefe towne in all Scotlande, and there taryed fyue dayes, 
 and at his departyng it was set afyre and brent vp clene, but the castell had no hurt, for 
 it was stronge ynough and Avell kept. Whyle the kyng lay at Edenborowe, then- 
 
 E 2 glysshmen 
 
 ' Of Moray. " Cumberland. ' Highlands. '' Mowbraj'. ' Greystock. 
 
 " f " With the." f Breune. !> Boennc. ' Reyneval, 
 
2)j THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 clysshmen rode abrode in the countre and dyd moche hurt, but they foude nother man 
 noj- beest abrode, for all was withdrawen into the forestes. In the Englysshe boost were 
 mo than a hudred thousade men, and well as many horse, -wherof they had nede of great 
 prouisyon, and they foude none in Scotlande, but out of Englande there cae to the 
 (rreat plentie, bolhe by lande and by see. Than the kyng departed fro Edeborowe, and 
 rode towarde Estruleyn," a good towne, wherin there was a great abbey of blacke 
 monkes, and moost comenly the kynges of Scotlande are there buryed ; the kyng lay 
 in the abbey, and at their departyng, abbey and all was brent. Than they passed the 
 ryuer of Taxe,'' whiche ronnelh to saint Johfis towne f at the castell of Strulyn," there 
 was a (Treat assaute, but it wolde nat be wonne, yet the towne, and all the laudes of the 
 lorde Vercy, they brent. 
 
 The entent of the duke of Lancastre, and of his bretherne, was to passe rfirough 
 Scotlande, and to pursue the scottes and frenchemen, for they knew well they were 
 gone the waye to Wales,** to go to Carlyle, and so they thought to enclose the bytwene 
 Englande and Scotlande, and to fight with them at their aduauntage ; this purpose they 
 thought veryly to holde. Thenglysshemen spredde abrode in Scotlade, there was no 
 resystence agaynst the, for the countre was voyde of all men of warre: they were gone 
 into Encrlande with the admyrall of Fraunce: and so there the Englysshmen brent the 
 towne of saynt Johns,' where as the ryuer of Taxe'' rynneth, and there is a good hauen 
 to sayle thens ouer all the worlde, and after they brent the towne of Donde ;' the En- 
 glysshmen spared nother abbeys nor minsters, but set all on fyre. And so they of the 
 vowarde ran to Bredan,* whiche is a cytie on the see syde, it is on thentre of the wylde 
 scottysshe,^ but they dyd no hurte therto; howebeit, they of the countrey were right 
 sore afrayed : they of that cytie thought to haue assaute, for they feared ieest y kynge of 
 Englande wolde haue come thyder, and haue ouerron all that countre. 
 
 Thus in lykewise as the Englysshemen dyde in Scotlande, so dyd the frenchemen 
 and scottes in Englande, in the marchesse of Northumberlande and Wales," and they 
 brent a great countre as they went out of Northumberlande, and entred into Wales," 
 whiche was otherwise called Wynslande,*' and passed by the landes of the lordes of 
 Graystocke, and Clyfforde, and brent in their voyage dyuers great villages, for they 
 were no men of warre in that coutre as than, for they were all with the kyng. So they 
 came to the cyte of Carlyle, in Wales," whiche was well closed with gates, walles, and 
 dykes ; it was a place that of auncyent tyme kynge Arthure loued right well, bycause 
 that there were great woodes, and many dedes of armes there was done : there laye in 
 Carlyle in garison sir Lewes Clyfforde, brother to sir Wyllyam Neuell, and with hym 
 sir Thomas Mosgraue,' and Dauy Holgraue, his sonne, and sir Dongorise,'' and dyuers 
 other, of the marchesse and fronters of Wales," for the cytie of Carlyle was chiefe cytie 
 of all that countre, and it was nedefuU for good men of warre to be ther, for whan the 
 admyrall of Fraunce came thyder he assayled the cytie by great force, the whiche as- 
 saute was cruell and fierse. So thus before the cytie there were many noble dedes of 
 armes done. 
 
 Sterling. '' Tay. ' Perth. •■ Cumberland. = Dundee. ' Aberdeen ' 
 
 Highlands. " Westmoreland. ' " And his son, Dauy Holgraue," &c. 
 
 '' Earl of Angus. 
 
 Howe 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 29 
 
 Howe the erle of Oxenforde' brake the pursute that the kyng of Englnd had thought 
 to haue made into Wales'" after the frenchemen and scottes ; and howe the kynge re- 
 tourned the same tmye that he came: and howe the frenchemen and scottes deter- 
 mi/ned to relourne agayne into Scotlade. 
 
 CAP. XV. 
 
 THE kyng of Englandes vncles knewe well what waye the admyrall of Frauce and 
 the scottes heTde, and said how they thought it for y best to folowe theym, and to serche 
 tyll they myght fynde them, and so to fight with them, sayeng, howe they coude m no 
 wyse escape'^them ; in this purpose was the duke of Lancastre and his bretherne, and 
 dyuers other of the great barons of Enghmde, and the moost parte of the comons of the 
 hoost, and as than all their prouisyon was come as well by lande as by see, and the 
 kynge also was agreed to the same purpose ; and than on a night tl\c erle of Oxenforde,' 
 who was as than chiefe of counsayle with the kynge, and bare all the rule, the kyng 
 trusted no man so moche, he turned the kyng clene fro his purpose, I can nat shewe 
 you for what cause, but he enformed the kyng, as it was knowen after, and said, sir, 
 What thynke ye to do ? Wyll ye folowe the way that your vncles hath counsayled ? 
 Sir, knowe for trouth, that if ye do so, ye shall neuer returne agayne, for sir, the 
 duke of Lacastre desyrcth none other thynge but that ye were deed, that he might be 
 kyng: howe durst he cousayle your grace to go this wynter season into a strange coun- 
 trey ; Sir, I wolde nat counsayle you to passe the moutayns of Northuraberlande, for 
 there be mo than xxx. streightes and passages, that if ye Avere closed in them, ye shulde 
 neuer come out agayne without daunger of the scottes ; Sir, putte nat youreselfe into 
 that daunger whatsoeuer they saye to you ; if the duke of Lancastre wyll go, lette 
 hym go, and haue the charge therof, but by my counsayle ye shall nat go ; Sir, 
 ye haue done ynough for this" one tyme: youre father was neuer so farre within Scot- 
 lande, nor yet kynge Edwarde youre grauntfather ; therfore, sir, this oughte to con- 
 tente you : and saue youre owne persone, ye be yonge and lusty, and suche there be 
 that sheweth you fayre semblant, and loueth you but lytell. The kynge gaue suche 
 audyence to the sayeng of this erle, that it went neuer out of his mynde, as ye shall 
 her after. 
 
 The next mornyng the lordes of Englande, and their people, ordred themselfe to 
 departe out of Scotlade, and to folowe their ennemyes to fight with them, as it was con- 
 cluded the night before ; than the duke of Lancastre came to the king his nephue, nat 
 knowyngof the trouble and chaunge of his purpose; and the kynge beyng in his malen- 
 coly, assone as he sawe hym he sayd in great yre, certesse vncle of Lacastre, ye shall 
 nat attayne as yet to your entent: thynke you for all youi-^wordes, y we wyll lese our- 
 selfe folisshely ? I wyll nat beleue you, nor yet your cousayle, for I se therby more 
 dornage than profyte to vs and to our people : for if ye wyll make this voyage, do it and 
 ye lyste, but as for me I wyll nat, for I wyll retourne into Englande the nexte waye, and 
 all suche as loue vs wyll folowe vs : than the duke of Lancastre sayd, Sir, I shall folgwe 
 you, for ye haue neuer a man in your company that loueth you so well as I do, and also 
 my bretherne, and if there be any man wyll saye (except your persone) that I wojde any 
 thynge otherwyse than well to you or to your people, here is my guage to the cotrarie ; 
 
 • Suffolk. '' Cumberland. 
 
30 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 so there was none that wolde speke any worcle ; and the kynge helde his peace and spake 
 to other of his seruauntes of other maters, and orderyng hymselfe to returne into Eno-- 
 lande the same way y he came ; and the duke of Lacastre departed fro the kynge right 
 sore trouhled in his mynde, and returned to his copany, and made newe ordynauce, 
 for in the morning they had thought to haue folowed the frenchmen into the marches of 
 Wales,^ but they dyde nat so, for they retourned the next waye into Englande. Lo, 
 thus ye may se howe therle of Oxeforde,'' who Avas great with the kyng, brake all this 
 voyage, and dyuers of the great lordes sayd that the kyng was yuell counsayled, seynge 
 that all the prouisyon was come : for they sayd they might well haue folowed the scottes 
 into Wales," for in their so doyng they shulde euer haue drawen into Englande warde ; 
 and some persons that were wery of payne and trauell said, hoAve that all thynges cosi- 
 dred, they were better to retourne than to go any further, sayeng, howe a great proui- 
 sion must be had to serue suche an host, and howe it was yuell to passe the mountayns 
 that wynter season, wherby they sayd they might rather lese than wynne. 
 
 Thus in this season brake vp the iorney and army of Englande, and the kynge and 
 his lordes retourned into Englande, the same way they came, but they hadde distroyed 
 the moost parte of the realme of Scotlande. Thet,e tidynges came to the admyrall of 
 Frauce, and to the scottes ; than they tooke counsayle what was best for them to do, and 
 so concluded to retourne agayne into Scotlande, for their vitails began to fayle, and they 
 ■were in a poore countrey, for they had distroyed the marches of Carlyle, and the landes 
 of the barone of ClyfTorde, the lorde Maubray,*" and the bysshoprike of Carlyle, but the 
 cytie they coude nat wynne ; and the frenchemen sayd, howe they had brent and dis- 
 troyed in the bysshoprike of Dyrhame, and Carlyle, that was belter worthe than all y 
 townes in Scotlande. So the frenchmen and scottes retourned into Scotlande the same 
 waye they came, and whan they came into Scotlade they founde the countrey distroyed, 
 but the people of the countre dyde sette but lytell therby, and said, howe with thre or 
 four poles, shortely they v/olde make agayne their houses, for they had saued moche of 
 their catayle in the forestes : but all that the frenchemen tooke they were fayne to paye 
 truely therfore, and dere ; the frenchemen were often in great daunger, for the scottes 
 and they were at many debates for vitayle ; and the scottes sayd, howe the frenchemen 
 dyde them more domage than the Englysshemen had done ; and whan it was demaunded 
 of them, why so? they answered and sayde, howe the frenchemen as they rode abrode, 
 they beate downe and defoyled their cornes, as whete, barley, and otes, and wolde nat 
 kepethe highe wayes, but rather ryde throughe the corne : of whiclie domages, they said, 
 they wolde haue of them a trewe recopence or they departed out of Scotlande, and sayde 
 howe they shulde nother haue shyppe nor maryner to passe the ouer the see, without 
 their leaue and lycece ; and dyuers other knightes and squyers complayned, that their 
 woodes were cutte downe by the frenchemen to make their lodgynges. 
 
 Cumberland. ■■ Suffolk. '' Mowbray. 
 
 Horn 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 31 
 
 Howe the Frenche lordes mre in great paryll in Scollade, and coulde nat fynde the 
 meanes to passe oner the see ; and howe they shewed iherles Duglas, and Morelte.' 
 the hardnesse that they foude in that countre, and what answere they made to 
 them. 
 
 CAP. XVI. 
 
 WHAN the admyrall and his company were returned into Scotlande, and were come 
 to Edenborowe, they had endured great payne, and as than they coude fynde nothing 
 to bye for their money; wynes they had but lytell, and but small ale or here, and their 
 bredde was of barley or of otes, and their horses were deed for hunger, and foudred for 
 pouertie, and whan they wolde haue solde thE, they wyst nat to whom, nor ther was 
 none wolde gyue the one penny, nother for horse nor for harnesse; the soudyers shewed 
 to their capTtayns howe they were delte withall, and they knewe it right well by expe- 
 ryence of themselfe,and their men said howe they coude nat long endure in that payne : 
 they said that the realme of Scotlande was suche a countre nat to kepe an boost in wyn- 
 ter, and if they shulde abyde there tyll somer they shulde be deed for pouertie, and it 
 they shulde departe asonder and seiche for their lyueng abrode i the coutre, they 
 douted that the scottes wolde slee them in their beddes. The admyrall consydred well 
 all these ihynges, and sawe clerely how it was likely to be as they sayde ; howebeit, he 
 was in purpos'e to abyde there all the wynter, and to sende to the frenche kyng, and to 
 the duke of Burgoyne," certifyeng them what case they were in, and to haue newe pro- 
 uisyon of money and vitayls, and Co make a newe fresshe warre agayne the nexte somer 
 to in Englande ; howebeit, he sawe well the yuels of the scottes, and consydred the 
 parell of his people ; than he gaue leaue to departe all suche as wolde : but at their de- 
 partyng was the mischefe, for the lordes coude fynde no passage for theselfe nor tor 
 their men. The scottes wolde that such knightes and squyers as Avere but poore shulde 
 departe, to thentent that they might rule the remnant at more ease, and sayd to the 
 admyrall, Sir, lette youre men departe whan they wyll, but as for youreselfe, ye shall 
 nat departe out of this coutre, tyll we be full satisfied of all suche charges as we haue 
 borne all this season for your army. 
 
 These tidynges were right harde to the admyrall, and to the other barons of Frauce, 
 and shewed all the matei^o the erle Duglas, and to the erle Morette,' who besemynge 
 •were right sore displeased that they were so hardely dalte withall, and said: vVe be 
 right sorie, for this dealynge wyll cause that neuer scottysshe knight shall conie into 
 Fraunce to haue good chare ; and so these two erles spake to the other erles and barons 
 of Scotlande, who said, howe they had loste as well as they, wherfore dissymule you 
 with them, for we wyll be recopensed : than these two erles sayd to the admyrall, and 
 to the other lordes of Frauce,'howe they coude nat rule the other lordes nor thecomons, 
 wherfore itbehoued them if they purposed to go out of the realme, to satisfy the comons 
 and to restore agayne all their domages : and whan the admyrall sawe that it wolde be 
 non otherwise, he thought he wolde nat lese the more for the lesse ; he consydred well 
 howe he was without conforte, and closed in with the see, and sawe howe the scottes 
 were of a wylde opynion, wherfore they were fayne to agre to the scottes entent, and 
 caused a crye to be made, that all maner of personsshulde come to the admyrail ot 
 Fraunce, and proue that any of his men had done the any domage, and he wolde reco- 
 ^ pence 
 
 ' Of Moray.' * Burgundy. 
 
32 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART- 
 
 pence them to the value theiof: whiche crye apeased the scottes ; and so the admyrall 
 became dettour to them all, and sayd, howe he wolde nat departe out of Scotlade, tyll 
 all the complaynates were fully satisfyed and payed. Than dyuers knightes and squi- 
 ers hadde pas.sa<>;e, and so retouined, some into Flauders, and as wynde and weder wolde 
 driue them, without horse and harnesse, lyght poore and feble, cursyng the day that 
 euer they came in Scotlande, sayeng, howe there were neuer men had so harde a voy- 
 ao^e : wysshing that the french kyng had peace with Englande one yere or two, and so 
 bothe kynges togider to go into Scotlande, vtterly to distroy that realm for euer ; for 
 they said, they neuer sawe so yuell people, nor so false traytours, nor more folysshe 
 people in feates of warre. 
 
 The admyrall of Fraunce by the that departed first, wrote letters to the frenche kyng 
 and to the duke of Burgoyne," certifyeng them what case he was in, and how the scottes 
 delte with hym, and that if they wolde haue hym to come home, they must sende thyder 
 suche somes of money as he was become dettoure, for to be payed to the knightes, squy- 
 ers, and commens of Scotlande ; for the scottes sayd playnly, that the warre that they 
 made into Englande at that season, was for Fraunce, and nat for themselfe : therfore all 
 suche domages as they haue taken by that iourney, they wolde be fully recompesed 
 agayne or he departed out of Scotlande, to the whiche he had sworne and agreed. The 
 frenche kyng and his counsayle were boude to redeme agayne the admyrall, for they 
 sende hym thyder : thane the somes of money were ordayned for, and the money payed 
 by exchage in the towne of Bruges, so that the scottes Nvere contente. Than the ad- 
 myrall departed out of Scotlande whan all thynges was payed, and so toke his leaue of 
 the kvnge, Avho was in the wylde scottysshe,'' and of the eries Duglas, and Morette," 
 who conueyed them to the see syde ; and so he toke shyppyngeat Edenborowe, and had 
 wynde at wyll, and arryued at Sluse, in Flauders. Some knightes and squyers of his 
 company returned natagayne with hym : they thought they wolde se other countrees, 
 and so they went into dyuers partes: the moost parte retourned into Fraunce so poore, 
 that they were nat able to get theselfe any horse ; some bought them horses, and spe- 
 cially the burgonions, the capenoise,'' the barroise,^ and the lorayns. 
 
 Howe the admyrall enformed the frenclie kyng and his cousayle of the state of Scot- 
 lande, and hoife the duke of Burgoyne^ had gret desyre to cause the frenche kyng 
 to make a iorney into Englande. 
 
 CAP. XVII. 
 
 WHAN the admyrall was retourned into Fraunce to the yonge kynge Charles, and 
 to y duke of Burgoyne,'' they made hym good chere, as it was reason, and demauded of 
 hym the condycion of the kynge and of the lordes of Scotlande ; he sayd, howe the 
 scottes somewhat resembled the Englysshemen, bicause they be enuyous ouer stragers ; 
 and moreouer he sayde, that he had rather be erle of Sauoy, or erle of Arthoyse, than 
 to be kyng of scottes, and sayd, howe he hadde sene all the power of Scotlande in one 
 daye togyder, as the scottes sayd themselfe, and yet he neuer sawe togyder past fyue 
 hundred speaies, and about a xxx. thousande other men of warr, the whiche nombre 
 agaynt Englisshe archers, or agaynst a thousande of other good men of armes, coude nat 
 
 longe 
 
 . " Burgundy. ^ Highlands. " Of Jloray. ' Those from Champaigne. 
 
 "■ From Bar. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 33 
 
 longe endure. Than the admyrall was demaunded, if he had sene the puyssaunce of 
 En-^lande ? He answered yea ; for on a day, quod he, whan 1 sawe the scottes flye 
 awa^ e for feare of the Englysshmen, I desyred them to brnig me where as 1 might se 
 and aduyse the Englysshe hoost; and so they dyde : I Avas set in a straite passage 
 where as they must nedes passe, and to my demyng they were a Ix. thousande men of 
 warre; and the scottes sayd that it was all the power of England, and that there were 
 none abydinge behynde. Than the kyng and his counsayle studyed a lytell, and at 
 laste sayd, It is a great thyng of threscore thousande archers and of sixe or seuyn thou- 
 sande men of armes. It maye well be, quod the Constable, that they may make that 
 nombre ; but yet I had rather fight with theym at home in their owne marches than with 
 halfe the nombre here, and so I herde my maister saye oftentymes whan I was yonge.^ 
 By my faithe, quod the admyrall, if ye had ben there with a great nombre of men of 
 armes, as I supposed' ye shulde haue be, I thynke we hadde famysshed all Scotlande. 
 Thus the constable and admyrall deuysed toguyder, and they sette the duke of Bur- 
 goyne*" in great desyre to make an armye into Englade. 
 
 Nowe let vs leaue a lytell to speke of the, and retourne to the busynesse of Flaun- 
 ders. 
 
 It is of trouthe the duke of Burgoyn** had ymagined in his mynde to make the nexte 
 somer folowynge, whiche shulde be in the yere of oure lorde god a thousande thre hun- 
 dred fourscore and fyue,' a great army, and to moue the frenche kyng as moche as he 
 micrht, to go into Englande ; and also the constable of Frace, who was an expert knight 
 and well beloued in the realme of Frauce, and had ben brought vp in his youthe in the 
 realm of Englande, he in lykewise gaue counsayle to the same enterprise, and so dyde 
 the lorde de la Tremoyle ;'' and bycause y the duke of Berrey was in Poictou and Ly- 
 mosyn, and knewe nothynge of this counsayle, the duke of Burgoyne,'' who was chiefe 
 about the kynge, he had dyuers ymaginacions ; he thought well, that as long as the 
 warre contyniied in Flauders, the voyage ouer the see into Englande coude nat well be 
 done; wherfore he was more troubled with them of Gaunte, and enclyned rather to their 
 desyres, for he knewe well how they were alyed to thenglysshemen, and howe they had , 
 in Gaunte a knight of Englande, called sir Johan Bourchier, sent thyder by kyng 
 Richarde to gouerne the towne and to counsayle theym ; howebeit, thqgauntoyse desyred 
 to haue peace, for they were so ouerlayd by the Avarre, that the moost ryche and 
 notablest persones of the towne were nat maisters of their owne goodes, for the wylde 
 soudyours gouerned them ; and the wyse men sawe well, that at length it coude nat en- 
 dure, but that they were all in great parell : and whan they were toguyder, dyuers of- 
 ten tymes marueyled howe they had endured so longe as they hadde done ; they sawe 
 well it was rather by force than by loue, for Peter de Boyse alwayes parceyuered in his 
 yuell opynions and domages, so that non durst speke before hym of peace: for if he 
 knewe any persone, though he were neuer so sage, that spake of any treatie of peace, 
 incotynent he was slayne and murthered without pytie or remedy. 
 
 This warre that they of Gaunte hadde maynteyned agaynst their lorde therle Loyes 
 of Flaunders and the duke of Bourgoyne,'' had endured a seuyn yere, wherby ther was 
 suche hurte done, that it were great marueyle to reherse. The turkes, paynims, and 
 sarasyns'^ soroAved that warre ; for of trouthe the marchaundyses of eightene realmes ar- 
 ryued lightelv at Sluse, and had their delyueraunce at Danne or at Bruges, Avhiche Avas 
 
 Vol. II. ' F all 
 
 ' This passage differs materially from the French edition and Johnes', which agree together ; the latter trans- 
 lates the sentence thus : " if you had been there with a good command of men at arms and Genoese, as I 
 proposed, and as it was agreed on when I undertook this expedition, we would have engaged them when 
 in Scotland, or destroyed them from Avant of provision. — Vol. iii. p. 53, quarto edit. 
 
 '' Burgundy. ' 1386. ^ Tremouille. ' " would have." ^ Damme. 
 
34 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 all let by this warre. Tlian beholde and cosydre if these farre parlies sorowed this 
 warre, moche more ought to be sorie the landes nexte adioynynge therto; and there 
 was none coude fynde any meane of peace : and so firste by the grace of god and diuyne 
 inspyracion, and by the huble prayers of good folkes, that god opened his eares, and 
 had pylie of the poore people of Flaiinders. And howe the peace came by them I 
 shall shewe you fro poynt to poynt : as I shewed you before the begynning, so shall I 
 declare the endynge. The begynnyng of the hate was by Johii de Bare, Jolian Piet,' 
 Gylbert Mathue, Johan Lyon, and suche other, and 1 desyre you to herken ther- 
 vnto. 
 
 How hy the grace of god two burgesses of Gaunt enteredde to treate with the duke of 
 Burgoyne^ for peace; and howe they gaue the charge therof to a knight of Flaun- 
 ders, and what aunswere the duke gaue vnlo them. 
 
 CAP. XVIII. 
 
 IN this season in the towne of Gaunt was sir Johan Bourchyer, ruler there vnder the 
 kynge of Englande, and Peter de Boyse dyd assyst liym, and susteygned all their yuell 
 opinyons. Ther were some wyse men right sore displeased with the dyscecion bytwene 
 their natural lorde and the towne ; howbeit, they durst nat shewe forth the ententes of 
 their hartes, but one of them to another, as they durst, secretely ; for if Peter de Boyse 
 had knowen that they had made any seblant of peace, they shulde haue ben siayne wout 
 mercy, in lyke maner as he and Philyppe Dartuell had siayne sir Symon Becte' and sir 
 Gylbert Brute ;'' and to kepe the people of Gaut in feare, he had caused dyuers to be 
 siayne in that season. In that season afore or Fraunces Atreman was putte oute of the 
 towne of Dan"^ by the fienche kyng, and had distroyed the coutrey of the foure may- 
 sters, and that the kynge was returned agayne into Fraunce (as ye haue herde before), 
 they of Gaut began to dout, and the notable men of the towne supposed y the nexte 
 somer the frenche kynge wolde retourne agayne and besiege the towne ; but Peter de 
 Boyse and suche other of his secte made but lyght therof, sayenge, howe they wolde 
 gladly se the kynge before their towne, for they sayd they had suche alyaunce with 
 the kyng of Englade, that they shulde soone be ayded and conforted. In this season 
 there was in the towne two valyant men of good lyfe and of good conuersacyon, of a 
 meane lygnage, nat of the best nor of the worst, wliiche persones were sore displeased 
 to se the discorde bytwene the towne and their naturall lorde; howebeit, they durste 
 nat speke therof, for feare of Peter de Boyse. One of them was a maryner, and 
 the other a bocher ; the one called Roger de Creuyn,' and the other Jaques Darden- 
 bourke. 
 
 Bi these two persones the matter was first set awarke, and with the a wyse knight of 
 Flaunders, called sir Johan Delle, who tooke great payne therin ; but he nor all the 
 knyghtes in Flauders coude neuer haue brought it to passe, and it had nat ben by the 
 meanes of these two persons. This knight, sir Johan Delle, was wel beloued in the 
 towne ol Gaunt, and came and wente at his pleasure without any suspection. These 
 two forsayd persons had great displeasure of this debate, and spake priuely togyder 
 therof: and Roger said to Jaques, Wyll there be no remedy foude bytAvene the towne of 
 Gaunte (in the whiche we were borne, and is nowe in a harde case) and the duke of Bur- 
 
 goyn 
 
 ' These two names have not been mentioned before. '' Burgundy. - ' Bete. 
 
 '' Gente. ' Damme. ' Cremin. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 35 
 
 ffoyn* our naturall lorde? It were a great almes dede to make a peace ; and they that 
 so coude do, shulde haue tlianke of god, and great prayse of the worlde ; for by that 
 meanes y trouble shulde be ceased for euer. Ye saye trouthe, quodi Jaques ; but it is a 
 harde thynge to bringe about, for Peter de Boyse is a paryllous man ; there is none 
 dare speke of peace for feare of hi. Well, quod Roger, yet it cannat be alwayes thus; 
 at last it must nedes haue an ende. Shewe me, quod Jaques, by what meanes it myght 
 be, and I wyll gladly here you. Than, quod Roger, ye be the chefe of all the bochery, 
 and moost beloued and dradde; ye might secretely shewe your corage and entent to 
 them that be your fredes, and as ye se howe they enclyne, ye maye speke further, lytell 
 and lytell ; and on the other syde, I that am a maryner, and beloued with all maner of 
 men, and I knowe some of their corages, howe that the warre displeaseth them, for they 
 haue great domage therby, and I shall shewe my mynde to some, who shall drawe other 
 to y same purpose ; and if we maye gette these two craftes of our accorde, the other 
 craftes and other good people, suche as desyreth peace, wyll sone enclyne to vs. Well, 
 quod Jaques, and I shall speke gladly to the of my crafte, and speke you to yours. 
 And as they deuysed so it was done, ryght secretely and wisely; so that by the grace 
 of the Holygost, Jaques Dardenbourc foude all tho of the bochery well enclyned to 
 his wyll : and Roger on his part, by meanes of his fayre language, founde the maryners 
 ryght well agreed therto, for their crafte was nere loste, for lacke of vsage. 
 
 Thus these two wyse men shewed eche to other howe they founde their people dis- 
 posed to haue peace. Than they said howe they must haue some other sage persone to 
 shewe all this matter to their lorde: at last they remembred them of a knight called sir 
 Johan Dell ; and so they went to hym and discouered to hym all their ententes secretly, 
 and sayd, Sir, we haue laboured so moche to the of our craftes, that they be well en- 
 clyned to haue peace, so that our lorde the duke of burgoyn^ wolde pardon them, and 
 to graunt vs our aucyent fraunchesses, according to the tenours of our charters and 
 buUes. Than this sir Johan sayd, I shall gladly go and entreate hym; and so this 
 knight went out of the towne to y duke, who was in Frauce with the kyng, and he 
 shewed hym all the forsaid mater, and dyd so moche with his fayre langage, that the 
 duke enclyned to here what he wolde saye; and for the desyre that the duke had to 
 make a voyage into Englande, the lightlyer he condiscended to haue peace with them of 
 Gaunt ; and also his counsayle, sir Guy de la Tremoyle'' and sir Johan de Vyen, and 
 the constable and the lorde Coucy, counsayled him to take peace with the. Than the 
 duke answered and sayd to sir John Delle, I am content to do in this mater as ye wyll 
 deuyse, and so retourne ye agayne to the that sent you hyder : and the duke demaunded 
 of hym, if Fraunces Atreman were a counsayle of this treatie or nat. Sir, quod he, I 
 thynke he knoweth nothynge therof; he kepeth the castell of Gaure, and I knowe nat if 
 they that sent me hyder wolde that he shulde knowe it or nat. Tell the, quod the duke, 
 that they speke hardely with him in the mater, for I thynke he wyll nat be agaynst me, 
 for as I vnderstade he desireth gretly to be at peace w me. As the duke comaunded, so 
 this knyght dyd, and retourned to Gaunt and brought these good tidynges : and than 
 he went to the castell of Gaure to speke with Fraunces Atreman, and discouered all his 
 entent secretely to hym. And whan Fraunces had a lytell studyed, merely he said, 
 And if my lorde the duke wyll pardon them of Gaunt and vpholde their frauncheses, I 
 shall nat be rebell agaynst hym, but be right diligent to haue peace. Than this knight 
 departed fro hym, and went agayne into Fraunce to the duke, and shewed hym all the 
 mater. The duke herde hym gladly, and wrot letters, open, and close, sealed with his 
 scale, to the of Gaute : and this knyght with those letters retourned into Flaunders, and 
 
 F 2 so 
 
 ^ Burgundy. ^_ Tremouille. 
 
S6 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 so came to Gaut ; but he shewed nat the letters as than, but he promysed Roger and 
 Jaques to accoplysshe their ententes. Beholde nowe what parell this knight and they 
 were in ; for if sir Johan Bourchier and Peter de Boyse had knowen of the mater, all the 
 worlde shulde nat haue saued their lyues. 
 
 Horve these two Joresayd burgesses assembled their frendes to accomplysshe their enter- 
 prise, and settle sir Johan Delle for the dukes letters of peace. 
 
 CAP. XIX. 
 
 THANNE Roger and Jaques said to sir John Dell, Sir, ye shall come on monday 
 nexte comyng, into this towne at nyne of the clocke, and bringe with you the dukes let- 
 ters, and shewe them openly to the comons of Gaunte, wherby they shall gyue the 
 more credence, for by that houre we wyll be lordes of the towne, or elles slayne in the 
 quarell. Well, quod sir Johan, be it as ye saye; and so ended their cousayle for that 
 tyme ; and sir Johan Delle went out of the towne to accomplysshe his purpose. These 
 other two wysemen studyed howe to bringe aboute their purpose, and so spake with 
 some of their frendes and aldermen of the craftes, so that they had a great nombre of 
 their accorde, and determyned that on the nexte monday, at nyne of the clocke, they 
 shulde departe out of their houses, with the banner of Flauders before them, cryeng: 
 the Lyon of Flaijders, the lorde of the countvey, hath gyuen peace to the good towne of 
 Gaunte, and hath pardoned clerely all trespasses ; for all this mater was sagely 
 hadeled, yet it came to the knowlege of Peter de Boise ; and as soone as he knewe therof, 
 lie went streight to sir Johan Bourchyer, who was soueraygne capitayne ther vnder the 
 kyng of Englande, and sayd tohym, Roger Creuyn"' and Jaques Dardebourke wyll be 
 to morowe by nyne of the clocke in the market place, with the banner of Flaunders be- 
 fore theym, and they wyll crye through the towne, the Lyon of Flauders, lorde of this 
 countre, hath gyuen peace to the towne of Gaunte, and hath pardoned all trespasses. 
 What shall we do ? The kynge of Englande shall nat be thane obeyed, without we 
 preuent them, and putte them out of our iurysdyctions. What is best than to do ? quod 
 sir Johan Bourchier. Than aunswered Peter and sayd. It behoueth that to morowe in 
 the mornyng we assemble in harnes all our men in the house de la Vale,'' and than let vs 
 go throughe the towne, Avith the kynge of Englandes baner before vs, and lette vs crye 
 also, The Lyon of Flaunders, kynge of Englande, lorde of this countrey and towne of 
 Gaunte ; and whan we come into the market place, suche as be on our partie wyll drawe 
 to vs, and than lette vs slee all the other treatours. It is well deuysed, quoth sir Johan 
 Bourchier; lette it so be done. 
 
 Nowe beholde, if god dyde nat moche for these two, Roger and Jaques ; for they 
 were enfourmed of Peter de Boyse deuyse: and whan they knewe it, they were nat 
 abasshed, but late in the euenynge they sente to all their frendes, that where as they 
 shulde be the nexte daye in the market place by eight of the clocke, in any wyse, they 
 desyred them to be there by seuyn of the clocke : and that they dyde to preuent Peter 
 de Boyse. To this poyntment euery man was agreed, and on the monday in the morn- 
 yng sir Johan Bourchyer and his company came to the house called de la Vale,'' and 
 widi hym a threscorc ; and Peter de Boyse came thyder with a xl. ; there they armed 
 the, and in good ordynaunce sette theraselfe forwarde. And Roger and Jaques as- 
 sembled their frendes togyder, and the moost parte of the aldermen and burgesses of 
 Gaunt came to them : than they toke the erles baner and went through the towne, 
 
 cryeng 
 
 ? Cremin. ^ " Hotel de la Ville :"— the town hall. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 37 
 
 cryeng the foresaid crye ; and suche as herde the crye, and sawe the aldermen of their 
 craftes and the baners of tlie erie, they folowed after and came to the same copany ; 
 and so by seuyn of the clocke tliey came to the market place, and there set tiieselfe in 
 2;ood order, with therles baners before them, and euer there came mo and mo to them. 
 These tidyn2;es came anone to sir John Bourchier and to Peter de Boyse, who were 
 assemblynge of their people : than they went forthe with tlie baners of Englade before 
 them, and as they wente they cryed their cryes before deuysed ; and so they came to 
 the said market place, and there araynged themselfe before the other; but euer suche 
 as came, the moost parte went to the Erles baners ; so that if a hundred came, fourscore 
 went thyder; insomoche, that all the place was full of men of armes, and so they stode 
 eche regardyng other. 
 
 Whan Peter de Boyse sawe howe the aldermen of the craftes drewe to Roger and 
 Jaques, he was sore abasshed, and douted greatly of his lyfe ; for he sawe suche as 
 were wont to serue hym flye aAvaye fro hym, and so priuely he stale aAvaye oute of the 
 prease, and hydde hymselfe for feare of dethe. And whan Roger and Jaques sawe f 
 nighe all the people drewe to their parte, they were right ioyouse and well coforted, 
 and nat without good cause ; for than they sawe well that the people of Gaunt wolde be 
 in peace \v theirlorde. Than they departed with a certayne of their company, with 
 the baners of Flaunders before them, and so came to sir Johan Bourchyer and to the 
 Englysshemen, who were nat very sure of their lyues, whan they sawe them come to- 
 warde them. Than Roger demauded of sir Johan Bourchier wher Peter de boyse was, 
 and what was his entent, and whyder he was their frende or enemy. The knight an- 
 swered and said, I thynke Peter de Boyse be here by me ; and whan he sawe that he was 
 gone, he sayd, I knowe nat wher he is become ; I went he had been in my company ; 
 but as for me, I am and wyll be seruaunt to my naturall lorde, the kyng of Englande, 
 who sende me hyder at your owne desyres, if ye well remembre. It is true, quod they ; 
 for if ye had nat ben desyred to come hyder by the towne of Gaunte, ye shulde haue ben 
 slayne ; but for the honour of the kynge of Englande, who sende you hyder at our re- 
 quest, ye shall nat nede to feare, nor non of yours ; ye shall haue no hurte ; we shall 
 saue you from all domages, and conducte you to the towne of Calayes ; wherfore de- 
 parte to your lodgynges peasably, and styrre nat for any thynge ye here or se ; for we 
 wyll be vnder the obeysauce of oure naturall lorde the duke of Burgoyne," and wyll 
 make no more warre. The knyght was ryght ioyouse of that aunswere to be so quyte, 
 and sayd. Sirs, sythe it wyll be none otherwyse, so be it ; and I thanke you of that ye 
 offre me at this tvme. 
 
 Howe sir Johan Dell came to gaut to the markelte place, where as Roger and Jaques 
 and the aldermen of the cylie were, where and howe he delyuered them letters fro the 
 duke of Burgoynef and howe they of Gaunt sent to Turney, and of the confyrma- 
 cion of the peace and of the charters that were made therof. 
 
 CAP. XX. 
 
 THAN sir Johan Bourchier departed peasably fro the place with all thenglisshmen, 
 and suche Gauntoyse as were in his companye fledde awaye and hydde theselfe ; and 
 anone after entred into the towne sir Johan Delle, and came into the market pLice with 
 the dukes letters, sende thyder by the duke ; and there they were opyned and reed to all 
 the people, whiche gretlye pleased theym. Than Fraunces Atreman was sent for fro 
 
 the 
 
 * Burgundy. 
 
38 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 the castell of Gaure, ^ho incotynent came to them and agreed to the treatle, and sayd it 
 was well ; and so thervpon sir Johan Delle was sente agayne to the duke, who was as 
 than at Arras, and shewed hym all the demeanour of the gauntoyse, and howe that Peter 
 de Boyse had as than no rule nor audyence in the towne, and howe that if he had ben 
 foiide he had been slayne ; and howe that Frauces Atreman dyde acquyte hymselfe 
 valyatly and confyrmable to the peace. All these thynges pleased moche the duke, 
 and so he sealed a charter of peace and a truse to endure vntyll the firste day of Janu- 
 arye, and in the nieane season a counsayle to be had for that matter in the cytie of Tour- 
 ney ; and all this sir John Delle brought agayne with hym to Gaunte, wherof all the 
 people had great ioye, for they shewed than howe they had great desyre to haue peace. 
 All this season sir Johan Bowchie and the Englysshemen and Peter de Boyse were styll 
 in Gaunte, but there was no man wolde do any thynge after them ; and Peter de Boyse 
 lyued styll in rest, with that he sware that he shulde nat procure nor moue any thynge 
 that shulde cause any warre bytwene the towne and their naturall lorde ; and thus was 
 done by the meanes of Fraunces Atreman, who spake for hym : wherby Peter lyued in 
 reste, for they knewe well that Peter alwayes helde with their opynions, and was a true 
 and a good capita yne. 
 
 This truce durynge, they of Gaute apoynted theym that shulde go to Tourney to 
 conclude this treatie, and Frauces Atreman was sent thyder as chiefe, bycause he was 
 a man reasonable and well knovven with all lordes ; and with hym wente Roger Creuyn' 
 and Jaques Dardebourke ; and they came to Turney in the vtas of saynt Andrewe with 
 a fyftie horse, and were all lodged toguyder at the sygne of the Samon, in the strete of 
 saynt Brise ; and the v. day of Decembre thyder came the duke of Burgoyne and the 
 duchesse his wyfe, and the lady of Neuers their doughter, and they entred into Tur- 
 ney at the gate towarde Lyle ; and agaynst their entrynge, the gautoyse that were there 
 issued out to mete with theym; and Avhan they sawe the duke, they enclyned theym- 
 selfe on their horses bare heeded: and the duke passed lightely by theym, for he made 
 haste to mete with the duchesse of Brabante, who was comynge to the cytie by the gate 
 of Malynes,'' and she was lodged in the bysshoppes palays. So thus began the treatie 
 bytwene the Duke and the towne of Gaunt, and sir Johan Delle toke great payne to go 
 and come bytwene the parties ; and at the desyre of theduches of Bourgoyne'^ and of the 
 lady Neuers, the duke forgaue all his yuell wyll, and the peace was made, cryed, ac- 
 corded, written, and sealed bytwene the parties, in maner as folovveth : 
 
 Hereafter ensueth the lenoure of the letters and charters of peace. 
 
 Philyppe, the sonne of Frauces duke of Burgoyn," erle of Flaunders, Artoyse, and 
 Palatyne, lorde of Selynes, erle of Rethell and Malynes,'' and Margarete, duchesse and 
 countesse of the sayd coutreis, to all them that heareth or seyth this present writynge, 
 we sende gretynge. We wyll that it be knowen, that oure welbeloued subiectes, alder- 
 men and commons of our good towne of Gaunte, hath right humbly requyred our lorde 
 the kyng and vs, that we shulde haue pytie and mercy on them, and to pardone all 
 ofiences by theym, or any for theym, done to the kynge or to vs: and for pytie and com- 
 passyon of our said subiectes, by our letters we haue pardoned the; and also we haue 
 confyrmed their auncyent priuyleges, frauncheses, customes, and vsage, in case that they 
 wyll playnly obey the kynge and vs ; whiche pardone they of Gaunte and their parte 
 takers haue receyued right humbly by suche letters and messagers as they sent to vs in 
 great nombre to Turney, and they haue clene renounsed all debates and warres, and 
 
 with 
 
 ' Cremin. ' Mecblin. ' Burgundy. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 39 
 
 with good hartes are returned to true obeysauce to the kyng and to vs, promysyng from 
 hensforthe to be true frendes and faitlifull to the kynge and to vs ; to the king as their 
 soueraygne lorde, and to vs as tlieir naturall lorde, by reason of Margarete our wyfe as 
 their naUirall lady and heretour: vvlierlore the kynge and we haue receyued to our 
 grace our said subiectes, and haue gyuen them letters of pardon and pure reniyssion, 
 with restytucyon of their j)riuylcges, customes, and vsages, the wliiche more at large 
 appereth by the content of oure letters; after whiche pardons our sayd subiectes haue 
 made to vs dyuers supplycacions, the wliiche we haue receyued, and haue caused them 
 by good delyberacyon to be sene, vysited, and exartiyned by oiir counsayle, tjie whiche 
 well sene, and for the comen profile of all the coutre, and toeschue all discesions that 
 herafter might fall, of our speciall grace, and by the conteplacion of our good sub- 
 iectes, we haue ordred and determined in maner as folowetb : Firste, whereas they 
 desyre that we shulde confyrme their ancient priuileges of Tourney, Danduarde," 
 Grauntmont, Meule, Teremounde,'' Ruplemount,' Abste,^Atharcle,' Breuelies,' Douse,' 
 and of the Chateleyns and playne countrey parteyfiing. to the same townes : we haue 
 ordayned that the inhabytautes of the sayd townes shul-de come to vs, brigyng widi them 
 their priuyleges, which shal be sene by our cousayle ; and that done, we shall so do, 
 that our said subiectes of Gaut and they of the sayd good tOAvnes shall by reason holde 
 them content ; and if any of the sayde priuyleges be Jost by any case, fortune, or other- 
 wyse, we shall make good reformacion therof" also whereas they haue desyred for the 
 course of marchaundyse, we haue cosented that they haue all their auncyent course, 
 payeng their custome of olde tyme contynewed ; also whereas they desyre, that if any 
 of the inhabytauntes of our towne of Gaunt, or any of their adherentes, happe to be ar- 
 rested in tyme to come in any countre out of the countrey of Flaunders, lor the occa- 
 syon of the debates and foresayd discensyons, that than we shulde cause theym to be 
 released and to lyue in reste : and in that case we haue grauted, that if any of them be 
 arrested for y cause, we shall ayde, conforte, and defede them with our power, agaynst 
 any that so shulde trouble them, as we be boude to defende our good and true subiectes ; 
 also they requyre, that all suche prisoners as we haue, whiche were of their partie, that 
 they shulde be delyuered ; we haue ordayned and do ordayne, that all suche prisoners, 
 if they be putte to their rausome, that they pay their raunsome and be delyuered, pay- 
 eng also their reasonable exj>enses : so that if any of these prisoners or their frendes or 
 kynne haue in their hades any fortresses of ours kepyng it agaynst vs, first that they 
 delyuer suche forteresses, into oure handes, and also in lykewise that they delyuer all 
 suche prisoners as they haue in their handes. 
 
 Moreouer by our habundant grace we haue ordayned and do ordayne, that all suche 
 as by the occasions of the debates and discencyons that were laste in oure countrey ot 
 Flauders, and haue ben banisshed out of our good townes of Bruges, Ipre, the countre of 
 Francke, and other townes and places, and also, all suche as hath ben banysshed by 
 iustyce of the lawe out of Gaunt, or put out or iudged without lawe and be absent : that 
 all suche be restored and maye retourne and dwell in the sayd towne, and all suche as 
 hath taken their parte, to be restored agayne at their pleasure, to suche places as they 
 came fro ; and whan they entre agayne into any of the sayd townes, that they swere to 
 our offycers to be true to vs, and to kepe the peace, and suretie of the sayde townes, nor 
 that they beare any yuell wyll priuely nor aparte to any of the inhabytauntes of the sayd 
 townes, nor to do them any yuell or domage ; and that all suche as entre into any towne 
 shall swere to obey the kynge and vs ; and suche as be absent the tyme hereafter lymitted, 
 shal be restored to all the fees, houses, rentes, and herytages, whersoeuer they be, nat- 
 
 withstandyng 
 
 " Oudenarde. ^ Dendremonde. • Russelmonde. * Most. ' Atli. Arclo. 
 
 ' Breuilles. * Devnse. 
 
40 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 \vithstandyng any forfayture done by them, by the occasyon of the sayd discensyons, 
 but they to enioye them as in their primer state: also if any of the sayd inhabytauntes 
 of the towne of gaut, or any of their adherentes be out of the towne, and be in the coun- 
 treis of Brabant, Holande, zelande, or in Cambresis, or in the bysshoprike of Liege, that 
 they come and submytte themselfe to vs, or to suche as we shall appoynte, win the space 
 of two monethes after the publycacion of this peace; that than they to enioye the par- 
 done and foresaid grace: and suche as be in the realme of Englande, or in Fryselade, 
 Almayne,^ and other on that syde the great see, they to come and submytte theymselfe 
 within foure monethes after notifycacion of this peace: and suche as be beyonde the 
 great See, at Rome or at saynt James,"" they to haue respyte of their submissyon a hole 
 yere after knoledge of this peace; and than they thus sworne, may enioye this our sayd 
 pardone: and also all suche as hath ben banysshed or iudged out of our sayd towne by 
 the sayde occasyon, that they be restored to their fees, houses, rentes, and herytages, 
 whansoeuer they wyll at their pleasure. As for mouable goodes that hath ben taken of 
 eyther partie, there shal be no restytuicion made therof, but euery partie to be quyte 
 therof: also if any oblygacions be made for any mouable goodes, taken for the said 
 occasyons for dyschargynge of their conscyence, to render them agayne : and all suche 
 houses as shall be delyuered agayne to the owners, that nothing be taken out of theym, 
 nayled or pynned with yron or leed, and fro thensforthe the reuenewes to be payable to 
 the owners: and also though it be so, that some of our subiectes of Gaunt haue done 
 homage for suche landes as they holde to other lordes than to the true owners, wherby 
 their landes myght be fortifyed f natwithstandynge, we of our specyall grace, wyll that 
 they shall styll enioye suche landes in doynge to vs homage for that they holde of vs 
 without, and to other meane for that they holde of them : and also we graunt all disen- 
 herytaunces and recognysauces done by the lawe bytwene any partes, to stande, so that 
 our subiectes of Gaut, aldermen, counsaylours, and comens of the same, and their adhe- 
 rentes, by their owne good wylles, renounce all their alyaunces, promises, oblygacions 
 made, and homage that they or any of them haue done or made to the kyng of Englande, 
 or to any of his deputies or officers, or to any other that be no good wyllers to y kyng or 
 to vs, and fro hensforwarde to swere to be true to the kyng as to their soueraygne lorde, 
 and to his successours kynges of Fraunce, and to vs as their ryght lorde and lady, and to 
 our successours erles of Flaunders, and to vs do seruyce as true subiectes ought to do to 
 their lorde and lady : as to defende our persons, honours, herytages, and rightes, and to 
 lette, to their powers, all suche as wolde the contrarye, and to gyue knowledge therof to 
 vs or to our officers, sauynge alwayes their priuyleges and fraunchesse: also to the en- 
 tent that oure subiectes of the towne of Gaut shulde be alwayes in good peace and true 
 obeysaunce to the kyng, and to vs and to our heyres erles of Flaunders, and to eschewe 
 all discesyons and debates that myght fall, we wyll and ordayne, that all these sayde 
 artycles be surelye kepte without breakynge ; and straitely we comaunde all our sub- 
 iectes, on payne to lese, that they maye lese to vs, that for any occasyon of the sayd de- 
 bates or discesyos, that they do nothing openly nor priuely i worde nor dede, that shulde 
 be preiudiciall to the of gaunt, nor to rebuke or to gyue theym any yuell language : and 
 if any do contrarye to these sayde artycles, or do any iniury or domage to theym of 
 Gaunte, or to any of their alyes, or any that helde on our partie, by occasyon of any of 
 the sayd debates or discencyons, do any suche offence, that by suche knowledge of the 
 lordes offycers, and by the lawes to whom it appertayneth, that the dede be cremenell, 
 the doers, ayders, and counsayle kepars withoute fraude, be punysshed by their bodyes 
 and goodes, as brekers of the peace, as well by iustyce of our officers as of our lordes 
 officers, by the lawes of the countrey to whom it apparteyneth, and reasonable satisfac- 
 tyon made to the partie hurte, of the goodes of the trespaser, and the resudue to vs or to 
 
 the 
 
 ' Germany. ' St. Jago do Compost ella, ' Forfeited. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 41 
 
 the lordes of tliesoyle, sauynt^ euer to all townes their priuyleges; and if any of our 
 
 burgesses of the sayd towne of gaut, though they be nat banysshed by the lawe, and if 
 
 they be gyltie for breakynge of "this peace, and thynke by reason of the priuyleges of 
 
 olde tyme, therby to be saued, and nat to lese any of their goodes : yet nowe we wyll 
 
 by this present treatie that they shall lese their goodes, and the partie hurte satisfyed 
 
 therof, as is said before, and the resydue to come to the right heyres, as thoughe they 
 
 were deed, in all other cases sauyng the priuyleges of the towne of Gaunte : and if 
 
 suche yuell doers can nat be taken, thafie they to be banysshed and depriued fro their 
 
 goodes ; also if there be any y in wordes or otherwyse do contrarye to this our said or- 
 
 dynaunce, and coe to the knowledge of our offycers, we wyll that all suche be punysshed 
 
 and to make amendes, in suche maner that they maye be ensample to all other ; the pu- 
 
 nysshment to be done by the offycers of the lawe, and by them to whom the right appar- 
 
 teyneth, natwithstandynge any priuyledge or fraunchesse of any place : also if any per- 
 
 sone of the churche do agaynst this ordynauce, than he to be delyuered to his ordynarie, 
 
 he to take suche vengeauce on him as a breaker of the peace, and as the case requirelh. 
 
 Also we wyll that this sayd peace bytwene vs and oure subiectes be cryed and publysshed 
 
 solempnely in this towne, and in all other townes of Flauders ; and herafler if any dout 
 
 be made in any of the sayd artycles or cyrcumstaunces therof, we shall than declare and 
 
 cause to be declared by our counsayle euery thynge, that all parties shall of reason 
 
 holde them content. And we aldermen, burgesses, and comonties of the towne of Gaunt, 
 
 for vs and all oure adherentes, we receyue and haue receyued hubly the sayd graces, 
 
 pardons, and beuefytes to vs done by kyng Charles our souerayne lorde, and by the said 
 
 duke and duchesse, erle and coutesse of Flauders, our naturall lorde and lady ; of the 
 
 whiche graces and pardons we thanke with all our hertes the kyng our souerayne lorde 
 
 and his successours, and our naturall lorde and lady aforsayd erle and countesse of 
 
 Fiaunders ; and we make and shall make promyse, as trewe and faythfuU subiectes 
 
 ought to do, and we shall kepe and defede their personages and honours; in wytnesse 
 
 of the whiche thynges, we the sayde duke and duchesse haue putte our scales to these 
 
 present letters; and we shyriffes, aldermen, burgesses, and comons of the sayde towne 
 
 of Gaunt, haue also putte to the seale of the towne of Gaunte ; and moreouer, we the 
 
 sayd duke and duches praye and requyre oure welbeloued aunte, duchesse of Lusen- 
 
 bourcke"and of Brabant, and our right welbeloued brother the duke Aubert of Bauyer," 
 
 and also the aldermen, comontie, and counsayle of Gaunt,_and also we the duke and 
 
 duchesse of Burgoyne, and our aldermen, counsayle, and comonties of Gaunt, requyre 
 
 and praye the barones and nobles of the countrey of Fiaunders hereafter folowynge, and 
 
 to all good townes, as Bruges, Ipre, the terrouer of Frake, and the good townes of Ma- 
 
 lynes' and Auuers," that what for y well of the peace, and knowledge of suretie of the 
 
 foresaid thynges, and of eche of them, we desyre them to sette to their seales ; and we 
 
 Jane, by the grace of God duchesse of Lusenbourcke,^ of Brabaunt, and of Lancbourcke,^ 
 
 and we duke Aubert of Bauyere,'' baylye and gouernour of the countrey of Heynaulte, 
 
 HoUande, and zelande, and of the seignorie of Frise,' and we Wyllyam, eldest sonne of 
 
 the erle of Namure, lorde of Sluse, and Hughe lorde datoyne Chateleyne of Gaunt, and 
 
 John lorde of Guystelles and of Harues, Henry de Bures^ lorde of Dysquemewe'^ and 
 
 of Haure, Johan lorde of Gonuseberge and of Jentoyse, Arnolde of Jouste lorde of 
 
 Estornay, Philyppe lorde Daxalle, Loyseofthe Halse' bastarde of Fiaunders, Gyrarde 
 
 of Rasenhen lorde of Baserode, Gaultier lorde of Halme," Philyppe of Namure' lorde of 
 
 Eque, John Villayne lorde of saynt Johans withoute"" the Chatellayne of Ipre, and 
 
 Loyse lorde of Lambres knight, and we the borowe maysters and aldermen of Bruges 
 
 Vol. II. G an^ 
 
 ' Limbourg. 
 ** Halun. 
 
 Luxemburgh. 
 
 '' Bavaria. 
 
 ' Mechlin. . '' Antwerp. 
 
 Frizeland. 
 
 5 Bruges. 
 
 I; Dixmude. ' De Hasle. 
 
 
 ' Hamur. 
 
 • St, Jean d'outre. 
 
42 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 and Ipre, we Pliilyppe of Redehen," Mountferant aldermen of Moutfranke, and o 
 Mountamaie kniglit sli) rife of terrouer of Franke,'' for and in the name of the sayd 
 Terrouer, whiche hath no scale, and the commons and counsayls of the townes of Ma- 
 lynes*" and Auuers/ haiie by the foresayd prayers and request for the welth of the 
 peace, and in wytnes of the irouthe, and for more suretie of the sayd thynges, and of 
 eche of them, vve haiie putte to the scales of the sayd townes to this present treatie, 
 made at Tourney the eyghtene day of the moneth of Decembre, in the yere of grace a 
 thousande thre hundred fourscore and fyue. 
 
 After the makyng of these present letters and charters of peace, and engrosed and 
 sealed, they were publysshed, and the duke had the one parte of them, and the towne 
 of Gaunt the other parte: than Fraiices Atreman and the comons of the towne of Gaut 
 beyng there, toke their leaue humbly of the duke and of the duchesse, and also of the 
 lady of Brabat, thankyng her a thousande tymes of her ayde and helpe in makynge of 
 their peace, and offred themselfe euer to be redy to do her seruyce. The good lady 
 thanked the right swetely, and exhorted them euer to kepe fermely the peace, and so to 
 styrre f people, that they ncuer rebell agaynst their lorde and lady. So than euery 
 body departed and went home to their owne: the duke and duches retourned to Lyle, 
 and they of Gaunt returned to their towne. Whan Peter de Boise sawe the sure con- 
 fyrmacion of the peace, and that all the people of Gaunt had great ioye therof, and were 
 in mynde and wyll neuer to rebell more nor to haue warr, he was therof greatly 
 abasshed, and had dyuers ymaginacyons, wheder he shulde abyde stylle in Gaunte (for 
 all thynges was pardoned by the dukes charter, sealed with his scale) or elles to departe 
 into Englande with sir Johan Bourchier and with the Englysshemen, who apparelled 
 them to go ; and all thynges consydred, he thought in hymselfe that he coude nat trust 
 this peace nor to abyde in Gaunte. And whan Fraunces Atreman sawe that he wolde 
 nat abyde, he sayd to him, Peter, what thynke ye to do? why do ye feare ? ye knowe 
 •well, that by this treatie, sealed by y duke, that for any thyng that is past, there shall 
 neuer chalenge be made to you for that. Than Peter answered and sayd, yea, in letters 
 written lyeth nat all true pardons ; some pardoneth well by mouthe and gyueth writyng 
 therof, but yet the hatered remayneth styll in their corages: as for me, I am a man of 
 the towne of Gaunt, of small reputacion and of base lynage, and to my power I haue 
 susteyned the rightes, lyberties, and fracheses of the towne. Thynke you that win this 
 two or thre yere the people wyll remebre it? I feare nay. There be great lygnages in 
 the towne of Gylbert Mathewes and his bretherne ; they wyll retourne, and they were 
 enemyes to my mayster, Johan Leon :" gladly I wolde neuer se theym, nor the parentes 
 of sir Gylbert Brute,' nor of sir Symon Becte,^ who were by me slayne ; wherfore in 
 this case I can nat be sure of my lyfe : and as for you, Fraunces Atreman, wyll you 
 abyde amonge suche a sort of treatours, who haue so falsely broken their othe and pro- 
 myse to the kynge of Englande? I swere to you truely ye wyll repente it, for it wyll 
 coste you youre lyfe. I can nat saye, quod Fraunces ; but I truste so well in this peace, 
 and in the duke and duchesses promyse, that I wyll ieoparde to abyde. 
 
 Than Peter de Boyse made a request to the aldermen and counsayle of the towne, 
 sayeng, Fayre lordes, to my power I haue truely serued the towne of Gaut, and haue 
 ben in many an harde aduenture in that behalfe ; and for all the good seruyce that I haue 
 done, in the name of rewarde, I aske none other thynge, but that I maye be sauely 
 
 conducted 
 
 • Tliis passage appears corrupted. It should be, " We Philip of Redehen and de Mountferrant, aldermen : 
 Montfranc of Mountamare, knight," &c. " The Franconate. ' Mechhn. ;* Antwerp^ 
 
 ' Lyon. f Gente. I Bete. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 4j 
 
 conducted with sir Johan Bourchicr, whome ye sende into Englande: this is all that I 
 demannde. And they all aunswei ed, it shulde be done : and as for sir Roger Enieryne" 
 and Jaqiies Dardenbourcke, by whome this treatie was firste moued, tliey were ryght 
 "^ladde of his departure, and so were dyuers other notable persones in Gaunt, suche as 
 foucd the peace. So thus Peter de Boyse departed froiue Gaunte, in the company of 
 sir Johan Bourchier, and toke with hym all the substauce that he hadde ; he was well 
 furnysshed of golde, syluer, and ieowelles : and sir Johan Delle dyde conducte them 
 vnder the dukes salue conducte to the towne of Calais, and than the gauntoise re- 
 tourned. Sir Johan Bourchier and Peter de Boyse, as soone as they might, they wente 
 into Englande, and came to the kyng and to his vncles, and shewed them the dedes of 
 theym of Gaunte. The kynge made Peter de Boyse good chere, and so dyde the duke 
 of Lancastre and his bretherne, and gaue hym great thanke in that he was come to them, 
 and had abandoned theym of Gaunte to come into Englande. The kyng incontynent 
 retaygned hym, and gaue hym an hundred marke sterlynge, yerely to be payed out of 
 the staple of the woUes in London. Thus Peter de Boyse abode styll in Englande, and 
 the good towne of Gaunt in peace: and sir Roger Emeryn' was made chefe alderman of 
 the flete of Gaunte, whiche was a good offyce and of great profyte, whan the shyppes 
 myght haue their course with marchaundyse ; and sir Jaques Dardebourc was made chefe 
 ruler of all the meane craftes in the towne of Gaunte, whiche also was a great and a pro- 
 fytable offyce. 
 
 Howe sir Johan Froyssart, auclour of this cronycle, departed out of Fraunce, and 
 wente to the erle of Foiz, and the maner of his voyage. 
 
 CAP. XXI. 
 
 IT is longe now sith I made any mencion of the busynesses of farre countreis, for 
 the busynesses nerer home hath ben so fresshe, that I lafte all other maters to write 
 therof; howebeit, all this season valyant men, desyring to auauce themselfe in the 
 realme of Castell and Portyngale, in Gascoyne, in Rouergue, in Quercy, in Lymosyn, 
 and in Bygore, euery day th^y ymagined by what subteltie they coulde gette one ot an- 
 other by dedes of armes, or by stealyng of townes, castels, and fortresses ; and therlore 
 I John Froyssart, who haue taken on me to cronycle this present hystorie, at the request 
 of the highe renomed prince sir Guy of Chatellon, erle of Bloyse, lorde of Dauesnes, 
 Beauuoys, Destonhon, and of la Guede,*" my souerayne mayster and good lorde, cosy- 
 dring in myselfe howe there was no great dedes of armes likely towarde in the parties 
 of Picardy or Flauders, seyng the peace was made bytwene the duke and them of Gaunt, 
 and it greatly anoyed me to be ydell, for I knewe well that after my deth this noble and 
 highe hystorie shulde haue his course, wherin dyuers noble men shulde haue great 
 pleasure and delyte; and as yet I thake god I haue vnderstandyng and remembrauce of 
 all thynges passed, and my wyt quicke and sharpe ynough to conceyue all thinges 
 shewed vnto me, touchyng my princypall mater, and my body as yet able to endure and 
 to suffre payneXall thynges cosydred, I thouo-ht I wolde nat lette to pursue my sayde 
 first purpose ; and to thentent to knowe the trouthe of dedes done in farre countries, I 
 founde occasion to go to the highe and mighty prince G:iscone,' erle of Foiz and of 
 Byerne ; for I knewe well, y if I might haue that grace to come into his house, and to be 
 there at leysar, I coude nat be so well enformed to my purpose in none other place ot 
 the worlde ; for thyder resorted all maner of knightes and strage squyers, for the great 
 
 Q 2 noblenes 
 
 ' Cremin. , » Geude. ' Gaston. 
 
44 • THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 noblenes of the sayd erle. And as 1 yniagined, so I dyd, and shevved to my redoubted 
 lorde the Erie of Bloyes niyne entent ; and he j^aue me letters of recomendacions to 
 therle of Foiz : and so long I rode without parell or domage, that I cae to his house 
 called Ortaise, in the coutre of Berne, on saynt Katheryns day, the yere of grace M. thre 
 hundred fourscore and eight: and the savd erle, as soone as he sawe me, he made me 
 good chere, and smylyng sayd, howe he knewe me, and yet he neuer sawe me before, 
 but he had often herde spekyng of me ; and so he reteyned me in his house to my great 
 ease, with the helpe of the letters of credence that I brought vnto hym, so that I might 
 tary there at my pleasure : and there I was enfourmed of the busynesse of the realmes 
 ofCastyle, Portyngale, Nauar, and Aragon ; yea, and of the reaime of Englande, and 
 coutre of Burbonoyse and Gascoyne : and the erle himselfe, if I dyd demaunde any 
 thyng of him, he dyde shewe me all that he knewe, sayenge to me, hovve thystorie that 
 I had begon shulde hereafter be more praysed than any other, and the reason he sayd 
 why, vyas this : Howe that 1. yere passed there had been done more marueylous dedes of 
 armes in the \yorlde than in thre hundred yere before that. Thus was I in the court of 
 the erle of Foiz, well cherysshed and at my pleasure ; it was the thyng that I moost de- 
 syred to k no we newes, as touchyng my mater; and I had at my wyll lordes, knightes, 
 and squiers, euer to enforme me, and also the gentle erle hymself. I shall nowe declare 
 in fayre langage all that I was enfourmed of, to encrease therby my mater, and to gyue 
 ensample to the, that lyste to auaunce themselfe. Here before I haue recounted great 
 dedes of armes, takynge and sautynge townes and castelles, and batayles and harde en- 
 countrynges, and yet hereafter ye shall here of many mo, the whiche by the grace of god 
 I shall make iust narracion. s 
 
 Ye haue herde here before, that whan the lorde Edmonde, sonne to the kynge of Eng- 
 lande, erle of Cambridge, was departed fro the reaime of Portingale, and had take shyp- 
 ping at Lusebourke,' and hovve he had made couynant that Johan,'' to recouer our hery- 
 tage. So thus we be come hyder, paradueture nat so many as ye wrote for ; but suche as 
 I haue here be of suche good wylles, that they dare well abyde the aduenture of batayle 
 agaynst all those y be nowe present with the erle of Trystniare,' and surely we shall nat 
 be content with you, without we haue batayle. Suche wordes or lyke the Erie of Cam- 
 bridge shewed to the kyng of Portingale or he departed, the whiche kyng herde the 
 well; howebeit, he neuer durste gyue batayle on the playne of Saluence, whane he was 
 before the spaynierdes, nor they of the countre wolde nat gyue hym counsayle tiierto, 
 but sayde to hym. Sir, the puyssaunce of the kyng of Castell is as nowe so great, and 
 that by fortune or misaduenture that ye lese the felde, ye lese than youre reaime for euer; 
 wherfore it were better ye suffred, than to do a thyng wherby ye shulde haue domage and 
 parell. And whan the erle of Cambridge sawe it wolde be none otherwyse, he retourned 
 to Lusenborne,' and aparelled his shyppes and toke leaue of the kyng of Portyngale, 
 and so toke the see with his company, and wolde nat leaue Johan his sonne in Portingale 
 
 with 
 
 Lisbon. ^ Several sentences are omitted in this place, without which, what follows is 
 unintelligible. I insert them here, translated from the Lyons' edition : " /imv he had made a covaiant, that 
 Johan his son should be married to the lady Beatrice, dauf^hter of Fernando, king of Portugal. The earl 
 was displeased with the king, because with his puissance he had encamped fifteen days in front of John, 
 king of Castile, without fighting him, and had made peace with that king without his approbation. This 
 offended him much ; and the earl, when the negotiation commenced, had said to the king, "Sir king, 
 take care what you do, for we are not come into this country to eat, drink, and rob, but we are come to 
 make war upon the son of that bastard, who called himself King of Castile and Count of Transtamarre, 
 and to conquer our heritage, which this son, John <le Transtamarre is in possession of; for you know 
 that my brother and I married the daughters of the king Don Pedro, your cousin, and that they are the 
 rightful heiresses of the kingdom of Castile ; and that to aid us in reconquering it (for every good lord 
 should lean to right and not to injustice) you wrote to England to us, by your knight, now present, that 
 if we were to lead into that country two thousand speares and two or three thousand archers, with the aid 
 that you could afford us, there would be great hopes " i Transtamarre. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 45 
 
 with the kyng, nor with the lady that he shulde mary withall : the chykle was but yonge: 
 and so thus the erle retourned into Englande. Thus w;ts the dealyng as than of the 
 iourney in Portyngale. 
 
 The erle of Cambridge retourned into Englande on the maner as ye haue herde before, 
 and shewed his brother the duke of Lancastre all the dealynge of kynge Ferant' of Por- 
 tyngale. The duke was sorie therof, for he sawe therby that his conquest of Castell 
 was farre of, and also kyng Richarde of Englande had about him cousayle that were nat 
 after his apetyte, and specially tlierle of Oxefoide,^ who was chefe in the kynges fauour ; 
 this erle dyd set as great trouble bytwene the kyng and his vucles as he might, and said 
 oftentymes to the kyng: sir, if ye wyll folowe the niyndes of your vncles, the duke of 
 Lancastre, and the erle of Cambridge, it shall well cost all the treasure in Englande, 
 about their wiure in Spayne, and yet they shall coquere nothyng: it were better for you 
 to kepe your owne people and your money, than to spende it abrode where as ye can 
 gette no prolyte, and kepe and defende your owne herytage, wherin ye haue warre on 
 all sydes, as well by Fraunce, as by Scotlande, rather than to enploy your tyme in other 
 countreis : the yonge kynge enclyned lightely to his Mordes, for he loued him with all 
 his hart, bicause they had been norisshed vp toguyder : and this erle had great aly- 
 aunces with dyuers lordes and knightes of Englande, for he dyde all his maters by the 
 counsayle of sir Symon Burle,' sir Robert Treuelyen,'' sir Nicholas Brambre, sir Johan 
 Beauchampe, sir Johan Salisbury, and sir Mychaell de la pole, and also sir Thomas 
 Tryuet, and sir Wylliam Helmon, were named to be of the same parte : so that by the 
 dyfferens and discorde bitAvene the kynge and his vncles, and the nobles and com- 
 mons of the realme, many yuelscame therby in Engladc, as ye shall here hereafter ui 
 this hystorie. 
 
 It was nat longe after that the erle of Cambridge departed out of Portyngale, but that 
 the kynge Feraunt" felle sicke, and so contynued a hole ycre and dyed, and than he had 
 no mo chyldren but the Q^uene of Spayne ; than kynge Johan of Castell was enl'ormed ot 
 his deth, and ho\ve that the realm of Portyngale was fallen into his hades, and liowe 
 that he was ryghtfull heyre thervnto, by reason of the dethe of the kynge ; so ther was 
 dyuers cousayls kept on that mater, and some sayd, howe that the Portingales were so 
 harde harted people, y they wolde nat be had without it were by conquest ; and indede 
 whan the Porlyngales sawe howe they were without a kyng, than they determyned by 
 counsayle to sende to a bastarde brother of the kynges, a sage and a valyant man, called 
 Denyse,' but he was a man of relygton, and was mayster of the hospytals' in all tlie realme : 
 they sayd they had rather be vnder the rule of this maister Denyse, than vnder the rule 
 of the kynge of Castell, for they reputed hyni no bastarde, that hath good corage to do 
 well. Whan this mayster Denyce vnderstode the comens wyll of foure chiefe cyties of 
 Portyngale, (for they hadde great affectyon to crowne hym kyng,) wherof he had great 
 ioye, and so wrote secretely to his frendes and came to Luxbone,'^ whiche is the kay of 
 the realme: the people of the towne receyued hym with great ioye, and demauded of 
 hym if they crowned him kyng, wheder he wolde be good to the or nat, and kepe the 
 lande in their fraunchese ; and lie aunswered and sayd, he wolde be to the as they de- 
 syred, and that they had neuer a better kynge than he wolde be. Than they oi Lux- 
 bone' wrote to Connubres," to Fount de Portugalc,' and to them of Dourke," these were 
 the kayes of the Realme, and so they determyned to crowne to their kyng this mayster 
 Denyse, who was a sage and a valyant man, and of good gouernauce, and was brother 
 
 to 
 
 ' Fernando. '' Oxford. ' Rurlcy. ' Tresilian. ' Fioissart mistakes 
 
 Denis for his brother John, who succeeded Fernando. ' " Des Hospitaliers," Lyons' edition, 
 
 *. e. Grand master of tl)c Knights Hospitallers, called, in Portugal, the Order of Avis. 
 
 ' Lisbon, J; Coimbra. i Oporto. ' Ouriquc. 
 
4b THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 to kyng Ferant,^ for they sawe well the lealnie coude nat be longe without a kynf, as 
 well for feare of the spayniardes, as of the myscreates of Granado, and of Bongie,'' who 
 marched on them. So these sayde townes, and certayne of the lordes of the lande en- 
 clined to him, but some of y lordes sayd, that it was nat mete a bastarde to be crowned 
 kyng ; and the people of the good townes said that it shulde be so, for of necessyte they 
 must so do, sithe they had none other, and seyng that he was a vaiyant and a sage man, 
 bothe in wytte and in dedes of amies, and they toke ensample by kynge Henry, who 
 was crowned kyng of Castell by electyon of the countrey, and for the comon profyte. 
 and that was done, kynge Peter beynge alyue'. So thus theelectvon abode on this mais- 
 ter Denyse, and solempnely he was crowned in the Cathedral) churche of Connubres," 
 by the accorde and puyssaunce of the comons of the realme, and there he sware to kepe 
 iustyce, and to do ryght to his people, and to kepe and maynteyne their frauncheses. 
 and to lyue and dye with them, wherof they hadde great ioye. 
 
 Whan these tidynges came to thehearyng of don Johan, kyng of Castell, he was sore 
 displeased therwith, and for two causes ; the one was, bycausehis wyfe was enheryter 
 there, and the other bycause the people by election hadde crowned maister Denyse 
 kynge there : wherfore this kyng Johan toke tytell to make warr, and to demaude of 
 them of Luxbone"* the some of two hundred thousande florens, whiche Ferant^ promysed 
 hym whan he toke his doughter to his Avyfe : so than he sende the Erie of Terme, therle 
 of Ribydea,' and the bysshoppe of Burges,' into Portyngale, as his ambafesadours to 
 them of Luxbone ;" and whan they were at saynt yrayne,^ the laste towne of Castell, 
 towarde Luxbone,'' than they sent an haraulde to the kyng, and to them of Luxbone," 
 to haue a saue conducte to go and come, and to furnysshe their voyage, whiche was 
 graunted lightly, and so they came to Luxbone," and so the towne assemljled their coun- 
 sayle toguyder : and the ambassadours shewed why they were come thyder, and finally 
 sayde, ye sirs of Luxbone," ye ought iustely nat to marueyle, if the kyng our souerayne 
 lorde demaundeth of you the some of money that ye are bounde for, and is nat cotent 
 that ye haue gyuen y noble crowne of Portyngale to a clerke, a man of relygion, and a 
 bastarde ; it is a thynge nat to be sufFred, for by rightfull election, there is non nerer to 
 y crowne tha he ; and also, ye haue done this without the assent of the nobles of the 
 realme, wherfore the kyng our maister saythe, that ye haue done yuell, and without 
 that ye shortely do remedy the mater, he wyll make you sharpe warr. To the whiche 
 Tvordes don Feraunl,^ Gallopes de vyle fois," a notable burgesse of the cyte, answered 
 and sayd, Sirs, ye reproche vs greatly for our electyon, but your owne election is as 
 moche reprouable, for ye crowned in Spaygne a bastarde, sonne to a iewe, and it is 
 clerely knowen, that to the ryghtfuU election your kynge hath no right to the realme of 
 Portyngale: for the right resteth in the doughters of kyng Peter, who be in Englande 
 maryed, bothe Constaijce and Isabell, maryed to the duke of Lancastre, and to therle of 
 Cambridge; wherfore sirs, ye may departe whan ye wyll, and retourne to them that 
 sent you hyder, and say that our electyon is good, whiche we wyll kepe, and other 
 kyng we wyll haue none, as longe as he lyste to be our kyng ; and as for y some of 
 money that ye demaude of vs, we say we are nothyng boude therto : take it of them that 
 were boude therfore, and of suche as had the profyte therof. At this answere the kynge 
 of Portyngall was nat present; howbeit, he knewe well what shulde be sayd: and wha 
 these ambassadours sawe they coude haue non other answere, they toke their leaue and 
 departed, and retourned to Cyuell,' where they lafte the kyng, and his cousayle, to 
 whom they shewed all the said answere. Than the kyng of Spayne toke cousayle what 
 
 was 
 
 » Fernando. " Bugia. •= Coimbra. " Lisbon. ' Rebede. 
 
 . ' Burgos. ' Santarem. '> Johnes calls him Villafons. ' Seville. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 47 
 
 was best to do in this mater ; than it was determyned that the kyng of Portyngale shulde 
 be defied, and howe that the kvnj; of Spavne had a good quarell to moue the warre for 
 dyuers reasons: so than kvng Denyse was defyed, and all his helpers in P(irtyngale. 
 Than the kyng of Spayne made a gret somons of men of warr, to lay siege to the cytie of 
 Luxbone,* and the kyng savd, he wolde neuer departe thens tyll he had it. for they had 
 answered hvm so proudely. that they shulde derely repent it, if he might ouercoe 
 them. Thus the king of Castell. with all his puissauce, came to saynl yrayne.^ At y 
 season there was a knight chased out of his court, who was called sir Naurel, for if the 
 kyng mvght haue getle hym, it shulde haue cost hym his heed ; the knight had know- 
 ledge therof, for he hadde many good frendes ; so he auoyded the Realme of Castell, 
 and came to Luxbone,^ to the kyng of Portyngale, who had great ioye of his comynge, 
 and retayned hvm, and made hym a great capitavne, and he dyde after moche hurte to 
 the spavniardes. The kynge of Castell departed fro saynt yrayne,'' and came and layde 
 siege before the cytie of Luxbone,' and enclosed therin the kynge of Portyngale. The 
 siege endured more than a hole yere ; and constable of the host was the erle of Lon- 
 gueuyll, and Marshall of the boost was sir Raynolde Lymosyn, he was a knight of 
 Limosvn. who long before came into Spaygne with sir Bertram of Clesquy,' in the 
 firste warres that he made in Spavgne: this sir Raynolde was a valiant knight, and well 
 proued, and the kynge had well maryed hym to a fayre lady, and to a fayre herytage, 
 and by her he had two sonnes, Raynolde and fienry, and he was greatly praysed in the 
 realme of Castell for his prowes ; and with the kynge of Castell there was Dagheynes"* 
 Mandake, sir Dvgo Persement, don Peter Roseament, don Maryche de Versaulx por- 
 tugalevs, who were turned spaynisshe, and the great mayster of Calestrane,^ and his 
 brother, a vong knvght, called don Dighemeres, Pier Goussart, of selme,^ JohanRa- 
 digo de Hoyes. and the great mayster of saint Jaques.' The kyns had well with hym a 
 thyrtie thousande men. There were dvuers assautes and scrimysshes, and many feates 
 of armes done, on the one parte and on the other. The spaygnierdes knewe well that 
 the kvnge of Portyngale shulde haue none avde of the nobles of his realme, for the com- 
 mons had made hym kvii'j; agaynst their wvUes ; so the kyng of Castell had intensyon 
 tocoquere Luxbone,^ ani all the countre, or he retourned, for he sawe well they shulde 
 haue none ayde, without it were out of Englande, wherof he had nioost doute: and yet 
 whan he had well ymagined, he sawe well the Engiysshemen were farre of, and he had 
 herde howe they kvnge of Englade, and his vncles, were nat all of the best acorde. wher- 
 fore he thought hymselfe the more of suretie at his siege, whiche siege was right plen- 
 tyfull of all thynges : there was in no market in Castell more plentie than was then 
 And the kyng ofPortyngale lay styll in the cytie of Luxbone^ at his ease, for they coude 
 nat take the see fro hym, and he determyned to sende into Englade to the kyng, and tc 
 the duke of Lancastre, trustie ambassadours, to renewe the aliances made before, by 
 twene the kyng, and kyng Ferant,''* his brother ; and also the ambassadours had iu 
 charge to shewe the duke of Lancastre. that in marvage he wolde gladly haue hisdough- 
 ter Philyppe, and to make her quene of Portvngale, and to swere and seale a perpetuall 
 peace and alyance bytwene them, and also promysynge hym, (that if he wolde come 
 thyder with two or thre thousade men of warre, and as many archers,; to helpe and ayde 
 hym to coquere his enherytaunce of Castell : on this message was apoynted two knightes, 
 sir Johan Radegoe, and sir Johii Tetedore, and an archedeaken of Luxbone,' called 
 Marche de la Fugyre ;' so they made them redv and toke the see. and had good wynde, 
 and so sayled towarde the frontersof Englande. On the other parte the kyng of Castell 
 laye a siege, and he was counsayled to write into Fraunce, and into Gascoyne, for some 
 
 ayde 
 
 'Lisbon. *■ Santarem. "^ Guesclin. "i " These names are probably verj' 
 
 much disfigured, but I am unable to rectify them." — Johnes. ' Calatrava. ' Seville. 
 
 ? St. Jago. '^ Fernando. ' Fiegiere. — Johnes, 
 
4S THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 ayde of knightes and squyers, for the spaynierdes supposed well that the kynge of Por- 
 tyngale had sende for socoure into Englande to reyse their siege, and they thought they 
 wolde nat be so taken, but that their puissauce might be stronge ynoughe to resyst the 
 Englysshnien and Portugaleyse ; and as he was counsayled, so he dyde, and sende let- 
 ters and messangers into Fraunce, to dyuers knyghtes and squyers, suche as desyred 
 dedes of armes, and specially in the countrey of Byerne, in the countie of Foiz, for there 
 were plentie of good knightes desyring dedes of armes, for though they had ben brought 
 vp with the erle of Foiz, as than there was good peace bitwene hym and therle of Ar- 
 mynake. So these messages of these two kynges were nat sone brought about ; howe- 
 beit, the warres in other places ceased neuerthelesse, as in Auuergne, in Tholousyn, 
 in Rouergue, and in the lande of Bygore. 
 
 Nowe lette vs leaue to speke of the busynesse of Portyngale a lytell, and speke of 
 other maters. 
 
 Howe the prince of Wales and the princes came to Tarbe, and of the request that the 
 coutesse of Armynake made to the prince and princesse : and howe the countre of 
 Gascoyne was newly agayne in warre. 
 
 CAP. XXII. 
 
 BITWENE the countie of Foiz, and the countre of Bierne, lyeth the coutie of Bi- 
 gore, whiche countie parteyned to Fraunce, and marchesed on the coutre of Tholousin, 
 on the one parte, and on the countie of Connuges,* and of Bierne, on the other parte : 
 and in the countie of Bygore lyeth the strong castell of Lourde, whiche was englysshe 
 euer sythe that the countie of Bigore was yelded to the kyng of England, and to the 
 prince, for the redempcion of kynge Johan of Frauce, by the treatie and peace made at 
 Bertigny,'' before Charters, and after confyrmed at Calais, as it hath ben shewed before 
 in y other hystorie. Whan the prince of Wales was come out of Englande, and that 
 the kyng his father had gyuen hym in herytage all the lande and duchy of Acquitayne, 
 wherin there were two archebisshoppes, and xxii. other bysshoppes, and that he was 
 come to Burdeaux, on the ryuer of Gyrone," and had taken the possessyos of all these 
 landes, and lyen there a yere, than he and the princesse were desyred by the erle Johan 
 of Armynake, that they wolde come into the countre of Bigore, into the cytie of Tarbe, 
 to se that coutre, whiche as than he had nat sene before ; and the erle of Armynake 
 thought that if the prince and princesse were in Bygore, that the Erie of Foiz wolde 
 come and se them, and wher as he dyd owe hym for his raunsome two hundred and 
 fyftie thousande frankes, he thought he wolde desyre the prince and princesse to re- 
 quyre the erle of Foiz to forgyue hym the same some or parte therof; so moche dyd the 
 erle of Armynake that at his instance the prince and prices cae to the cytie of Tarbe. 
 This towne is f:iyre and standeth in a playne countre, amonge the fayre vynes, and it is 
 a towne, cytie, and castell, closed with gates and walks, and seperated eche fro other, 
 fro the mountayns of Byerne, and Catheloyne,'' cometh the fayre ryuer of Lysse, whiche 
 ronneth throughe Tarbe, and is as clere as a fountayne, and a fyue leages thens is the 
 towne of Morlance, parteyninge to the erle of Foiz, at the entre of the countie of 
 Bierne, and vnder the mountayne, a sixe leages fro Tarbe, is the towne of Panne,' 
 whiche also parteyneth to the sayd erle. The same tyme that the prince and princes 
 was at Tarbe, therle of Foiz was at Panne :" he was there bylding of a fayre castell, ioyn- 
 
 inge 
 
 ' Comminges. ^ Bretigny. ■= Garonne. f Catalonia. .' Pau. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROlSSART. 49 
 
 ingc to the towne, without on the ryuer of Grane:' assone as he knewe the comynge of 
 the prince and princesse beyng at Tarbe, he ordayned to go and se theym in great estate, 
 with mo than sixe hundred horses, and threscore knightes in his company; and of his 
 comynge to Tarbe, was the prince and pricesse right ioyouse, and made hymgoodchere: 
 and there was the erle of Armynake, and the lorde Dalbret, and they desyred the price 
 to requyre the erle of Foiz to forgyue therle of Armynake all, or els parte of the somme 
 of florens that he ought to haue ; and the prince, who was wyse and sage, consyderynge 
 all thynges, thought that he might nat do so, and sayde. Sir erle of Armynake, ye were 
 taken by armes in y iourney of batayle, and ye dyde putte my cosyn the erle of Foiz in 
 aduenture agaynste you ; and thoughe fortune were fauourable to hym and agaynst you, 
 his valure ought nat than to be made lesse ; by lyke dedes, my lorde my father nor I, 
 wolde nat be contente that we shulde be desyred to leaue that we haue wonne by good 
 aduenture, at the batayle of Poicters, wherof we thanke god : whane the erle of Army- 
 nake herde that he was abasshed, for he fayled of his entente ; howebeit, yet he lefte 
 nat of so, but than he required the princesse, who with a good hert, desyred therle of 
 Foiz to gyue her a gyfte ; Madame, quod therle, I am but a meane man, therfore I can 
 gyue no great gyftes : but madame, if the thyng that ye desyre passe nat the valure of 
 threscore ihousande frankes, I wyll gyue it you with a gladde chere ; yet the princesse 
 assayed agayne, if she coude cause hym to graunt her full desyre ; but the erle was sage 
 ?nd subtell, and thought verily that her desyre was to haue hym to forgyue clerely the 
 Erie of Armynake all his dette ; and than he sayde agayne, Madame, for a poore knight 
 as I am, who buyldeth townes and castelles, the gyfte that I haue graunted you ought 
 to suffyce: the princesse coude bringe hym no farther, and whan she sawe that, she said, 
 gentyll erle of Foiz, the request that I desyre of you, is to forgyue clerely the erle of 
 Armynake ; Madame, quod the erle, to your request I ought well to condiscende : I 
 haue sayd to you, that if your desyre passe nat the valure of threscore thousande frankes, 
 that I wolde graunt it you ; but, madame, the erle of Armynake oweth me two hundred 
 and fyftie thousande frankes, and, at your request, I forgiue hym therof threscore 
 thousande frankes. Thus the mater stode in that case, and the erle of Armynake, at 
 the request of the princes, Avan the forgyuengof threscore thousande frankes ; and anone 
 after the erle of Foiz returned to his owne countre. 
 
 I, Sir. Johan Froissarde, make narracion of this busynesse, bycause whan I was in the 
 countie of Foyz, and of Bierne, I passed by the coutie of Bygore, and I demaunded and 
 enquered of the newes of y countrey, suche as I knewe nat before ; and it was shewed 
 me, howe the prince of Wales and of Aquitayne, whyle he was at Tarbe, he had great 
 wyll to go se the castell of Lourde, whiche was a thre leages of, nere to the entre of the 
 mountayne ; and whan he Avas there, and had well aduysed the towne, the castell, and 
 the coLitre, he praysed it greatly, as well for the stregth of the castell, as bycause it 
 stode on the fronter of dyuers countreis : for the garysone there might ronne well into 
 the realme of Arragon, into Catellon,'' and to Barselon :" than the price called to hym 
 a knyght of his housholde, in whom he had great truste, and loued hym entierly, and 
 he had serued hym truely, and was called sir Pyer Ernalde,** of the countre of Bierne, 
 an experte man of armes, and cosyn to the erle of Foiz ; than the prince sayde to hym, 
 sir Ernalde,"* I instytute and make you Chateleyn and capitayne of Lourde, and gouer- 
 nour of the countre of Bygore: loke that ye kepe this castell, se well that ye make a 
 good accompte therof to the kyng my father and to me. Sir, quod the knyght, I thanke 
 you, and I shall obserue your coniaundement : there he dyde homage to the prince, and 
 the prince put hym in possession. It is to be knowen, that whan the warre began to re- 
 
 VoL. II. H newe 
 
 ' Gave. •> Catalonia. • Barcelona. ** Peter Ernaut. 
 
50 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 newe bylwene Enolande and Fiauce, as it hath ben shewed before, the erle Guy of 
 saynt Poule, and sir Hugh of Chatellon, mayster of the crosbowes in Fraunce in that 
 tyme, beseged the towne of Abuyle, and wan it, with all the countre of Poitou. The 
 same'tyme two great barons of Bigore, thone called sir Marnalte Barbesan, and the lorde 
 Danchyn, tourned frenche, and toke the towne, cytie, and castell of Tarbe, whiche 
 was but easely kept for the kynge of Englande ; but styll the castell of Lourde was in the 
 handes of sir Pier Ernalt,° of "Bierne, who wolde in no wyse yelde vp the castell, but 
 made euer o-reat warre agaynst the realme of Frauce, and sent for great company of ad- 
 uenturers into Bierne and Gascoyne, to helpe and to ayde hym to make warre, so that 
 he had to<ryder many good men of armes, and he had with hym sixe capitayns, and euery 
 man fyftie speares vnder hym. 
 
 The first was his brother Johan of Bierne, a right expert squyer, and Pier Danchync 
 of Bygore, brother germayne to the lorde Danchyne, he wolde neuer tourne frenche, 
 Nandon of saynt Colombe, Ermalton of mount Ague, of saynt Basyll, and the Bourge 
 of Carnela ; these capitayns made dyuers iourneys into Bygore, into Tholousyn, into 
 Carcassene,'' and into Albygoise, for euer assone as they were out of Lourde, they were 
 in the lande of their enemyes : and somtynie they wolde aduenture thyrtie leages of fro 
 their holde, and in their goynge they wolde take nothyng, but in their retourne there 
 was nothynge coulde scape the ; somtyme they brought home so great plentie of beestes 
 and prisoners, that they wyst nat howe to kepe them: thus they rausonied all the cou- 
 trey, excepte the erle of Foiz landes, for in his landes they durste nat take a chekyn, 
 withoute they payed truely therfore, for if they had displeased the erle, they coulde nat 
 loncre haue endured ; these companyons of Lourde ranne ouer all the countre at their 
 pleasure, and I rode nat farre fro theym. Thus the cytie of Tarbe was in great doute, 
 so that they were fayne to make couynaunt with the: and by twene Tarbe and Lourde, 
 there was a great vyllage, and a good abbey, called Gynors,' who in lykewise were fayne 
 to agre with'^lhem. Also on y other parte on the ryuer of Lysse, there was a great 
 towne, called Bagneres ; they of that towne had a liarde season, for they were so haryed 
 by the garyson of Maluoysen. standynge on a hylle, and the ryuer of Lysse rynnyng 
 vndernelh, vuW a walled towne. called Turncy, into the whiche towne they of Lourde 
 and of Maluoysen, hadde euer iheir recourse, to the whiche towne they dyde no hurte, 
 bycause they had their resorte thyder ; and they of the towne had euer a good market 
 of their pyllage, and so dissymuled euer with them, whiche they were fayne to do, or 
 elles they coulde nat haue lyued, for they had no ayde nor socoure of any persone : 
 the capitayne of Maluoysen was a gascoyne, and his name was Remonet de Lespe, an 
 experte man of armes ; he and his company, and they of Lourde, rausomed as well 
 the marchauntes of Aragon and Catheloyne," as of Fraunce, Avithout they agreed with 
 them. 
 
 In the season that I enterprised to go se the erle of Foiz, and to se the dyuersities of 
 
 Sanredyn,' and than I cae to the good cytie of Pauyers,» parteyning to the erle of Foiz, 
 and there I taryed, abydinge for some company goyng into the countre of Byerne, where 
 the erle was ; and whan I had taryed there a thre dayes in great pleasure, for y cytie was 
 delectable, stadyng among the fayre vynes, and enuyfoned with a fayre ryuer large and 
 clere, called Liege, and on a day it so fortuned, that thyder came a kynght of the erle 
 
 of 
 
 ' Peter Ernaut. ^ The country about Carcasson. ! Guyors. t Catalonia. 
 
 ' Tonses.—Jolmes ' Sauredun. ^ Pamiers. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 5i 
 
 olFoiz, fro Auiiinon warde, called sir Espaensre de Lion, a valyant and an experteman 
 of amies, about Ihe age of 1. yeres: and so I gate me into his company, and he was 
 greatly desyrous to here of the maters of Fraunce ; and so we were a sixe dayes in our 
 iourney, or we came to Ortayse: and this knyght euery day after he had sayd his pray- 
 ers, moost parte all the day after he toke his pastyme with me, in demaundyng of ti- 
 dynges, and also whan I demauded any thyng of hym, he wolde ansvyere me to my pur- 
 pose ; and whan we departed fro Pauyers," we past by the mout of Cesse, whiche was 
 an yuell passage, and so we came to the towne and castell of Ortayse,*" whiche was 
 frenche,' but \\e passed by it, and so came to dyner to a castell of therle of Foiz, halfe 
 a leage thens, called Carlat, standynge highe on a mountayne ; and after dyner the 
 knight sayd to me, sir, let vs ryde toguyderYayre and easely, we haue but two leages to 
 ryde to our lodgyng: and so I was content to do ; than the knight said, we haue this day 
 passed by the castell of Ortayse," which dothe moche domage in this countre, Peter 
 Danchyn kepeth it, and hath taken and stoUen out of the realme of Frace, more than 
 threscore thousande frakes ; than I demauded how that might be: I shall shewe you, 
 quod the knight ; On our lady day in August, there is euer a great fayre, and all the 
 coutre resorteth thyder, for there is moche marchadise ; that day Pier Danchyn and his 
 copanions of Lourde, had taken their aduyse, and were determyned to get this towne 
 and castell ; and so they sent two simple varlettes, (by semyng,) to the sayd towne in the 
 moneth of Maye, to get themselfe some seruyce in the towne, and so they dyde, and 
 were reteyned with two maisters, and they dyde right dilygent seruyce to their maysters, 
 and so went in and out on their maisters busynesse, without any suspeciousnes of the ; 
 and so on our lady day in August, ther were many marchantes strangers, of Foiz, oi 
 Bierne, andofFrauce, and as ye knowe well, whan marchantes do mete that sawe nat 
 togyder long before, they wyll make good chere togyder; and so in the same houses 
 where as these two varlettes were i seruice, were many marchantes drinkyng and makyng 
 good chere, and their ostes with them : and by apoyntment, about midnight. Pier Dachin 
 and his copany cae to Ortaise," and enbusshed theselfe in a wode whiche passed throughe, 
 and so they sent sixe varlettes to the towne with ii. ladders, and they passed the dykes 
 and came to the walles and reared vp their ladders, and the other ii. varlettes that were 
 in seruice in the towne dyd ayde the, while their maysters sat makyng good chere ; so 
 these sayd varlettes dyde put theselfe in aduenture, and one of the said two varlettes 
 brought the other sixe to the gate within, wher there was two men kepyng the keys ; 
 than this varlet said to the other sixe, sirs, kepe yourselfe here priuy and close, and 
 styrre nat tyll ye here me whistle : I trust to make the porters to open the gate of their 
 warde, they haue the keyes of the great gate, and therfore assone as they haue opyned 
 their warde, I wyll whystle ; than steppe forthe and slee the porters, I knowe well 
 ynoughe the keyes of the gate, for I haue oft tymes helped to kepe the gate with my 
 maister ; and as they deuysed so they dyd ; and so the varlet went to the gate, and sawe 
 and herde howe the porters were drlkyng within their warde ; than he called the by 
 their names, and said, sirs, open your dore, I haue brought you of the best wyne that 
 euer you dranke, which my maister hath sent you, to the entent you shulde kepe your 
 watche the better ; and they who knewe right well the varlet, beleued that he had said 
 trouthe, and opyned the dore, and than he whistled, and thother sixe slept forthe and 
 entred in at the dore, and there they slewe the porters sopriuely, that none knewe ther- 
 of : tha they toke the keyes and went and opyned y gate, and let downe the bridge 
 easely y none knewe therof; than they blewe a blast in a home, so y they that were 
 enbusshed mouted on their horses, and came on the spurres, and entred on the bridge, 
 and come into the towne, and so toke all the men of the towne syltyng drlkyng, or els 
 
 H 2 »" 
 
 ' Pamiers. " Ortinsas. •= " Which belongs to the king of France." 
 
52 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 in their beddes. Thus was Orlayse' taken by Pier Danchin of Bigore, and by his co- 
 panyons of Lourde. Than I demauded of the Jcnight howe they gat the casteli ? I shall 
 shewe you, quoth he : The same tyme that Orlaise* was thus taken, the capiten of the 
 casteli by his yuell aduenture was in the towne, and supped with certayne marchauntes 
 of Carcassen,'' and was there taken among other: and in y next mornyng Pier Dachyn 
 brought him before the casteli, wher as his wyfe and chyldren were, and made the be- 
 leue that he wolde strike of his heed, wout his wife wolde delyuer vp the casteli, and if 
 she wolde so do, he promised to delyuer her husbande quyte, and to sufTre hym and all 
 his to departe with bagge and baggage, wout any hurt; and the lady who sawe herselfe 
 in a harde case, and sawe she was nat able to make ware herselfe, and for sauyng of her 
 husbades lyfe, she yelded vp the casteli ; and so her husbade and she and all theirs de- 
 parted, and went to Pauiers.' Thus had Pier Dachin the towne and casteli of Ortayse,' 
 and the same tyme that they entred, he and his copany wan above xxx. M. frakes, what 
 in marchandise and prisoners of Frace: but all suche as were of the coutie of Foiz, or of 
 Bierne, were clene delyuered wout any domage ; and this Pier Danchyn kept Ortaise' 
 after the space of v. yere, and he and his copany oftymes wolde ron to the gates of Car- 
 cassone, whiche was a sixe leages thens, and dyde great domage to the countre, as -well 
 by raunsomynge of the townes, as by pyllage ouer all the countrey. 
 
 In the meane season that Pier Dachin was in the garison of Ortaise,' on a night cer- 
 tayne of his copany went out and came to a castel called Paielier, a good leage thens, 
 wherof a frenche knight, called Raymon du Pailier, was owner ; they had ben ther often 
 before and fayled of their purpose, but as tha their happe was suche that they scaled the 
 casteli and toke it, and the knight and the lady in their beddes, and let the lady and her 
 children go fre, but they kept styll the knight in his owne casteli the space of foure 
 monethes, and at last he payed a M. frakes for his rausome ; and finally, whan they had 
 sore ouerryden the coutre they solde these two castels, Ortaise^ and Paielier, to the 
 of the coutre for viii. M. frankes, and than they went to Lourde their pricipall garyson. 
 So thus in this aduenture knightes dyd put theselfe dayly. Also the same tyme ther 
 ■was an expert man of armes in y casteli of Lourde, a gascone borne, he was called le 
 Megeant of saynt Basyll; on a tyme he and xxx. with him departed fro Lourde, and 
 rode at all aduentures into Tholousyn, and had thought to haue gote the casteli of 
 Penne, in Allugois,** but he myst of his entent ; and whan he sawe that he fayled of his 
 purpose, he cae to the gate and made a great scrymisshe : and the same proper hour 
 the seneshall of Tholous rode forthe, and with hym sir Hughe de Froidwyll, and a Ix. 
 speares, and came by aduenture to Pan,^ while the sayd scrimysshe was in doyng ; than 
 incontynent they sette fote to the erthe and came to the barryers, and so than the Men- 
 geant was ouer matched, but ther he fought valiantly hande to hande, and wouded the 
 other knight in two or thre places ; howebeit, finally he was taken by force, and his 
 men outher taken or slayne, ther were but a fewe that scaped. So this Megeant was 
 ledde to Tholous, and than the comons of the towne wolde haue slayne hym bitwene 
 the handes of the seneshall, he had moche payne to saue his lyfe, and so brought hym 
 into the casteli, for he was ryght yuell beloued in Tholous ; yet after it happed so well 
 for hym, that the duke of Berry cae thider, and this knyght had suche frendes that he 
 was delyuered, and the seneshall had a thousande frankes for his rausome ; and whan 
 he was delyuered he retourned to Lourde, and began agayne to make newe enterprises. 
 And so on a tyme he departed fro Lourde, and fyue with hym, without any armoure, 
 and he dyde on the abbyt of a monke, and lyke other thre monkes with hym, and thfey 
 had all shauen crownes, so that euery man that sawe them wende surely that they had 
 
 ben 
 
 ' Ortingas. * Carcassone. f Pamiers, * The Albigeois. 5 Penne. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 53 
 
 ben monlces, the abbit and gesture became them so well ; and in this maner he came to 
 Mountpellyer, and toke vp his lodgynge at the signe of the Egle,' and said howe he 
 was an abbot of high Gascon,'' and was goyng to Parys on certayne busynesse parteyn- 
 ing to his house : and so he gate famylier aquayntauce with a ryche man of the lowne, 
 called Baretrer, who had alsoto do at Paris for certayne Inisynesse ; than this abbot said 
 howe he wolde pay for his costes if he lyst to go in his copany, wherof the good man 
 was right ioyouse in that he shulde haue his charges borne, and so he and one varlet 
 with hym went forthe with this monke ; and whan they had ryden a thre leages, this 
 couterfet monke, sir Megeant, toke him prisoner, and ledde him secrete wayes to his 
 garison of Lourde, and after dyd rausome him at v. IM. frakes. Than I said, ah, saint 
 Mary, was this Megeant suche an expert man of armes ? ye truely, sir, quoth he, and 
 in war he dyed, in a place wher as we shall passe within this thre dayes, in a coutre cal- 
 led the Layre," i Bigore, by a towne called Lachmache :" well sir, quod I, and I shall 
 remebre you therof, whan we come ther : and so we rode tyll we came to Mostequen,* 
 a good towne closed, parteyning to therle of Foiz, whiche the Armynagois,' and the 
 Labrisyece.s toke by stelthe on a season, but they kept it nat but thre dayes : and in 
 the mornyng we departed fro Mostequen,' and rode to the towne of Palamuche,'' a good 
 towne closed on the ryuer of Garon, parteyning to therle of Foiz ; and whan we were 
 almost ther we had thought to haue passed the bridge of Garon, to haue entredjnto the 
 towne, but we coulde nat ; for y day before it had so sore rayned fro the moutayns of 
 Chataloyne' and Aragon, wherby another ryuer was so encreased, whiche was called 
 Saluz, and ran so fast, that it reysed vp the ryuer of Garon in suche wise, y it brake one 
 of the arches of the bridge, whiche was of tymbre: wherfore we returned agayne to 
 Montestquen,' and taryed there all the day ; than the next day the knight had cousayle 
 to passe the ryuer by botes by the towne ofCasseres: so we rode thider, and dyd so 
 moche y we past the ryuer of Garon with great payne and parell, for the bote that we 
 were in was nat very great ; it coude nat take at one tyme but two horses and their ke- 
 pars, and they that ruled the bote ; and so whan we were oner we rode to Casseres, and 
 abode there all that daye, and in the meane tyme y our supper was a dressyng, this 
 knight said to me, sir Johan, let vs go and se the towne; and so we passed along through 
 the towne, and cae to the gate towarde Palamuche," and went out therat and c:ime to the 
 dykes ; than the knyght shewed me a pane of the wall, and said, sir, se you yonder parte 
 of the wall whiche is newer than all the remnant: yea sir, quod I. Well, quod he, I 
 shall shewe you why it is so ; it is a ten yere past sithe it fortuned : ye haue herde or this 
 of the warre that was bytwene the erle of Armynake and therle of Foiz, howebeit, nowe 
 they are in peace ; but the Armynagoise,* and Labrisience,^ wan but lyteU by that warre, 
 for on a saynt Nycholas euyn, the yere of our lorde a thousande thre hudred threscore 
 and two, therle of Foiz toke in batayle therle of Armynake, and the lorde Dalbret his 
 nephue, and all the noble men that Avere with them, and so ledde the as prisoners to 
 Ortaise, wherby the erle of Foiz hath receyued ten tymes a hundred thousande frankes ; 
 and it fortuned after that the father of the erle of Armynake nowe lyueng, called sir 
 Johan of Armynake, made a iourney and toke this towne of Casseres, and they had 
 with them a ii. hundred men of armes, and so thought to kepe the toAvne by strength. 
 These tidynges whan they came to the knowledge of the erle of Foiz, beynge as thaiie 
 at Panne," he lyke a sage and a valyant knight, called to hym two bastard bretherne of 
 his, called sir Arnalt Guyllam and sir Pier de Bierne, and sayd to them, sirs, I wyll 
 ye ryde incontynent to Casseres : I shall sende you men on euery syde, and within thre 
 dayes I shal be with you myselfe, and let none come out of the towne, but that ye fight 
 
 with 
 
 • Angel. " Upper Gascony. ' Larre. " L'Archinacb. ' Montesqiueu. 
 
 f Armignacs. • Tlie family of I'Abreth, or d'Albret. " Palaminich. ' Catalonia. _ I'au. 
 
34 THE GRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 with the, for ye shal be stronge ynoughe ; and whan ye come there, cause the men of 
 the countre to bring thyder great plentie of wode, busshes, and fagottes, and choice the 
 gates therwith, and than wout that, niake stronge barryers, for I wyll y tliey that be with- 
 in be so enclosed that they issue nat out of the gates ; I shall cause them to take another 
 way. These two knightes dyd his comaudement, and so wente to Palamuche," and all 
 men of warre of Bierne folowed them, and so they came before this towne of Casseres. 
 They that were within sette lytell by them, but they were nat ware howe they were en- 
 closed within the towne, so that they coulde nat issue oute at any gate : and the thirde 
 day the erie of Foiz came thider with fyue luidred men of armes, and as sone as he came 
 he caused barryers to be made rounde about the towne, and also barriers roude about his 
 host, bycause they shulde nat be troubled in the night tyme ; so in this case they laye 
 longe without any assaut, in so moche that vitayle began to fayle them within, for 
 thoughe they had wyne great plentie, they had nothyng to eate, nor they coulde nat 
 flye awaye by the ryuer, for it was as thane to depe ; than they thought it were better to 
 yelde theselfe as prisoners, than to dye so shamefully for famyne, and so fell in treaty ; 
 therle of Foiz agreed to their treatie, so that they shulde nat issue out at no gate, but to 
 make a hole in the wall, and go out therat, to come one by one without armoure, and so 
 to yelde them as prisoners ; it behoued the to take this waye, and so made a hole in y 
 wall and issued oute, one by one, and there was the erle redy and all his people in order 
 of batayle to receyue them as prisoners, and euer as they came out the Erie sent them to 
 dyuers castelles as prisoners: and his cosyn sir John of Armynake, sir Bernarde Dalbret, 
 and sir Manalt of Barlabason,'' sir Raymode de Benache, sir Benedicke de la Corneyle, 
 and a twentie of the beste personages, he ledde with hym to Ortaise ; and or they de- 
 parted, he had of them two hundred thousande frakes, and thus was this hole in the 
 wall made: and than we wente to our supper. And the nexte day we rode alonge by 
 the ryuer of Garon, and passed by Palamuche," and than we entred into the lande of 
 the erle of Comynges and Armynake, and on the other syde was the ryuer of Garon, 
 and the lande of therle of Foiz ; and as we rode, this knight shewed me a stronge towne, 
 called Marteras the Toussac, parteyninge to therle of Comynges, and on the other syde 
 of the ryuer on the moutayne he shewed me two castelles parteyninge to the erle of 
 Foiz, the one called Mountarall, and the other Mountclare : and as we rode bytwene 
 these townes and castelles alonge by the ryuer of Garon, in a fayre medowe, this knight 
 sayd to me, sir Johan, I haue sene here many fayre scrimysshes and encountrynges 
 bytwene the Foizois and Armynakes, for as than there was no towne nor castell but that 
 was well furnysshed with men of warre, and so they warred eche vpon other; the Ar- 
 mynakes agaynst yonder two castelles made a bastyde, and kept it with men of warre, 
 and dyde moche hurt in the erle of Foiz lande: but I shall shewe you hoAve it for- 
 tuned. The erle of Foiz on a night sent his brother Peter de Bierne, with two hudred 
 speres, and with them a four hundred villayns of the countre, charged with fagottes, 
 moche wode and busshes, and brought it to the bastide, and than sette fyre theron, 
 and so brent the bastyde, and all them that were within without mercy, and sithe, it was 
 neuer made agayne. So in suche deuyses we rode all that day alonge by the ryuer of 
 Garon, and what on the one syde and on the other, we sawe many fayre castelles and 
 fortresses ; all that were on our lyfte hande parteyned to therle of Foiz, and the other 
 syde parteyned to therle of Armynake. And so thus we passed by Montpesac, a fayre 
 castell and a stroge, standyng on an highe rocke, and vnderneth wa-s the towne and the 
 highe way, and without the towne a lytell, there was a place called a la gardea," and a 
 towre bitwene the rocke and the ryuer, whiche towre had a gate and a portcolyse of 
 yron ; sixe men might well kepe this passage agaynst all the worlde, for there coulde no 
 
 man 
 
 • Palaminich. " Barbasan. ! La Garde. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 55 
 
 man passe but two on a front, what for the towre on the one syde, and the ryuer on the 
 other syde. Than 1 sayd to the knysrht, sir, here is a stronge passa2;e, and a myghtie 
 countre; it is true, quod the knight, and though thentre be stronge, yet the erie of 
 Foizdyde conquere it ones, and lie and all his passed the same waye, with the helpe of 
 the archers of Englade, that he had as than in his company, and the great desyre that 
 they had to passe into the countre. Come ryde nere me sir, quod he, and I shall shewe 
 you howe it was: and so I rode iuste by hym: and than he sayd, Sir, on a tyme, the 
 Erie of Armynake, and the lorde Dalbret, with a fyue hudred men of warre cae into the 
 countre of Foiz, and to the marches of Pauyers/ and this was in the begynnynge of 
 August, whan men dyd gather in their cornes, and y grapes were rype, at whiche tyme 
 there was great habundaunce in the countre ; than sir Johan of Armynake and his com- 
 pany lodged before the towne Sauredun, a lyteli leage I'ro the cytie of Pauyers,' and he 
 sente to them of Pauyers," that without they wolde bye their cornes and wynes, and pay 
 for them, they said els they wolde brinne and distroy all togyder : than they of Pauiers' 
 were in great feare, for the Erie their lorde was fane of fro them, for he was as than in 
 Byerne, and so they were fayne to bye their owne cornes, and payed for them fyue 
 thousande frankes ; but they desyred fyftene dayes of respyte, whiche was grauted 
 them. Than the erle of Foiz was enformed of all this busynesse, and he hasted hym as 
 moche as he might, and assembled toguyder his men. and came sodaynly into the cytie 
 of Pauyers," with xii. hundred speares, and so had fongi\t with sir Johan of Armynake, 
 if he had taryed, but he departed and wente into tiie C(;untie of Comynges : so he had 
 no money of them of Pauyers,^ for they had no leysar to tarye iherfore ; but than therle 
 of Foiz claymed the same some, for he sayd he was come, and saued their money and 
 corne, and had put awaye all their ennemyes, and so he had it to pave his men of warre 
 therewith, and there he taryed lyll they had inned all their corne and vyntage. And 
 so we passed than foreby a castell called Bretytte, and also by another castell called 
 Bacelles, all parteyninge to the erie of Comynges. And as we rode along by the ryuer, 
 I sawe a fayre castell, and a great towne, and 1 demaunded of the knight what the cas- 
 tell was called ; and he said it was named Montesplayne,'' parteyninge to a cosyn of the 
 erle of Foiz, called sir Roger Despaygn , a great barone in the countre, and in Tho- 
 lousyn, and as than was seneshall of Carcassoney. Than I demaunded of this knight 
 if he wereakynne to sir Charles of Spayne, who was constable of Fraunce; and he ari- 
 swered and sayde, no, he is nat of that blode, for sir Loyes of Spaygne, and this sir 
 Charles that ye speke of, came bothe out of the realme of Spayne, and were lynially ex- 
 traught of Spayne and of Fraunce, by their mothers syde, and were cosyn germayns 
 to kynge Alphons of Spaygne, and I serued in my youthe sir Loyes of Spaygne in the 
 warres of Bretaygne, for he was alwayes on the partie of sir Charles of Bloyes, agaynst 
 the erle Moutforde. And so we lefte spekynge of that matter, and rode to saynte 
 Gouffens, a good towne of the Erie of Foiz. And the next day we dyned at Monreyle," 
 a good stronge towne of the Frenche kynges, and sir Roger de Spaygne kepte it: and 
 after dyner we rode the wnye towardes Lourde, and so rode throughe a great launde, 
 endurynge a fyftene leages, called the laundes Lanne de vous,'' wherin were many daun- 
 gerous passages, for theues and yuell doers ; and in this launde stode the castell of 
 Mesere, parteyninge to the erle of Foiz, a good leage fro the towne of Tourney, the 
 whiche castell the knyght shewed me, and sayd, Sir, beholde yonder is jNIaluoysen : 
 but, sir, haue ye herde here before howe the duke of Anion, whan he was in this coun- 
 trey and wente to Lourde, what he dyde in this countre, and howe he layde siege to 
 Lourde, and wanne it, and also the castell of Gryngalet," on the ryuer side that ye se 
 
 yonder 
 
 ' Pamiers. " Montespan. ' Moncuil—Jolmes. * Lane-bourg.— /iJtf. 
 
 ■^ Trigalet. 
 
56 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 yonder before vs," parteyneth to the lorde de la Barte? Than I remembredmyselfe, and 
 said, Sir, I trowe I neuer herde therof as yet, therfore I praye you shewe me the rtiater ; 
 but, sir, I praye you shewe me where is the ryuer of Garon become, for I can se it no 
 more: ye say trouthe, quod the knight, it departeth here, in thentryng of these moun- 
 tayns, and it groweth and cometh out of a foutayne a thre leages hens, the way to Cha- 
 telomy,'' by a castell called saynt Beart, the fronter of the realme of Fraunce towarde 
 Aragon ; and there is as nowe a squyer called Ermalton, otherwyse called Bourge de 
 Spaygne, he is lorde therof, and chatelayne of all the coutrey, and he is cosyn germayne 
 to sir Roger de Spayne; if we se hym I shall shewe you him, he is a goodly persone and 
 a good man of armes, and he hath done more domage to theym of Lourde, than any 
 other knyght or squyer of all the countre, and the erle of Foiz loueth him ryght well, 
 for he is hiscompanyon in armes. 
 
 I wyll leaue to speke of hym, for I thynke at this feest of Christmas ye shall se him 
 in the erle of Foiz house ; but nowe I shall shewe you of the duke of Aniou, howe he 
 came into this countre, and what he dyde. Than we rode forthe fayre and easely, and 
 he began to saye as foloweth. 
 
 Of the tyarres that the duke of Aniou made agaynst the Englysshmen, and howe he 
 recouered the castell of Maluoi/sen, in Bigore, whiche was aftenvarde gyuen to therle 
 of Foiz. 
 
 CAP. XXIII. 
 
 AFTER the begynnynge of the warres, whane they began to wynne on the En- 
 glysshemen, that they helde in Acquitayne, and that sir Olyuer Clesquyn" was become 
 freche, he ledde y duke of Aniou into Bretaygne, on the landes of sir Robert Canoll,** 
 who was at the sege^ before Dyriuall,' as ye haue herde before as I thynke, and of the 
 treatie that sir Hughe Brice^ his cosyn made to the duke of Aniou, as to redre the cas- 
 tell and delyuer good hostages, so that the duke of Aniou shulde nat coe to reyse the 
 siege ; but whan sir Robert CanoU" was within the castell of Dyriuall,' than he wolde 
 holde no tretie : all this is true, sir, quod I : well, quod he, but haue you herde of 
 the scrimysshe that was before the castell, where as sir Olyuer de Clesquyn*" was wound- 
 ed ? Sir, I can nat tell you, quod I ; I can nat remembre all, wherfore sir I praye you 
 shewe me of the scrimysshe, and of the siege, what came therof, for paraduenture ye 
 knowe it some other wayes than 1 do, and ye shall retourne agayne well ynoughe to 
 your purpose of them of Lourde, and of Maluoysen. It is true, quod the knyght, it 
 •was so that sir Garses of the castell,'' a right valyaunt knight of the countre and good 
 frenche, wente to the duke of Aniou to cause hym to come before Beauuosyn;' the duke 
 had made his sommons to holde his iourney before Dyriuall,' and made this sir Garses, 
 for his valyantnesse, marshall of his host ; and true it is, as I herde say, y wha he sawe 
 that sir Robert CanoU'' wolde nat kepe the treatie that was made before, nor wolde nat 
 delyuer the castell of Dyriuall ;' than he came to the duke and sayd, Sir, what shall 
 we do with these hostages ? it is no faulte in them that the castell is nat gyuen vp, and 
 it were great pytie that they shulde dye, for they be getylmen and haue deserued no 
 dethe: than the duke said, were it good than to delyuer them? yea, truely sir, quod 
 the knyght, it were great pytie otherwyse : well, quod the duke, do therin as ye lyste. 
 
 Than 
 
 - " And which." >> Catalonia. <= Clisson. '' KnoUes. = " And to the siege." 
 
 ' Derval. » Broc. " Garses du Chatel. ; Malvoisin. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF. FROISSART. 57 
 
 Than this sir Garses \\'ent to delyuer them ; and as he Avente, sir Olyuer Clesquyn* 
 mette him, and demaunded wheder he went and fro whens he came. I come Iro my 
 lorde the duke of Anion, and am ^oynge to delyuer the hostages. To delyuer them, 
 quod sir Olyuer ; abyde a lytell, and retourne agayne with me to the duke. And so 
 they cae to the duke, who was in his lodgynge in a great study. Sir Olyuer saluted 
 hym, and said, Sir, what is your entent? Shall nat these hostages suffre dethe ? By 
 my faythe they shall, in the dispyte of sir Robert CanoU" and sir Byre,' who hath 
 falsed their faithe ; wherfore, sir, I wyll ye knowe, \Vout they dye, I shall weare no ar- 
 mure this hole yere after in none of your warres : if they shulde scape thus, it were good 
 chepe : the siege hath coste you threscore M. frankes, and nowe you wyll shewe grace 
 to your enemies, who kepeth with you nother faythe nor trouthe. With those wordes 
 the duke began to chafe, and sayd, sir Olyuer, do therin as ye thynke best. Than, 
 quod sir Olyuer, I wyll that they lese their lyues ; there is good cause why, sithe they 
 Icepe nat their promyse. Than sir Olyuer departed fro the duke, and came to a place 
 before the castell ; and sir Garses durst nat speke one worde for them, for if he had, he 
 shulde haue lost his labour, sith sir Olyuer had taken on hym the enterprise. Than he 
 called the hangman, and made hym stryke of the heedes of two knyghtes and two 
 squyers, whiche was great pytie, and there were mo than two hundred in the hoost that 
 wepte for them. And incontynent sir Robert CanolP opyned a posterne gate, and on 
 the brimme of the dykes, in dispyte of the frenchemen, he caused to stryke of the 
 heedes of all the prisoners that he had, without any respyte, and incontynent opyned 
 the castell gate and lelte downe the bridge, and issued out and came to the barryers, 
 and scrymysshed with the frenchemen : and as sir Garses shewed me, ther was a sore 
 scrimysshej and there sir Olyuer Clesquyn'' was hurt, and so returned to his lodgyng. 
 There were thre good"* men of armes (two squyers of the countrey of Bierne), Bertram 
 de Baruge^ and Eualton de Payne,^ and they -were bothe sore hurt; and the next day 
 the duke dislodged and went fro Dyryuall^ to Tholous, to the entente to distroye 
 Lourde, for they of Tholous coplayned greatly of the garyson of Lourde. 
 
 So than the duke went first and layd siege to Maluoysen, whiche we maye se yonder 
 before vs ; and the duke had in his company an viii. thousande men of warre, besyde 
 the geneuoys and the comons of the good-townes. Capitayne as than of Maluoysen 
 was a squyer of Gascoyne, called Raymonde de Lespe," an experte man of armes. 
 Euery day at the barriers there was scrimysshes and goodly feates of armes done ; and 
 the duke laye in yonder fayre medowes, bytwene the towne of Turney and the castell 
 by the ryuer syde of Lysse. This siege enduryng, sir Garses, marshall of thoost, went 
 with fyue hundred men of armes and two hundred archers and crosbowes, and a two 
 thousande of other comons, and layd siege to the castell of Trygalet, whiche we haue 
 Jefte here behynde vs, whiche castell a squyer of Gascoyne kepte for the lorde de la 
 Barde, for he was his cosyn, and was called the Bastot of Manlyon ;' and he had with- 
 in the castell a xl. companyons, and they dyd in that countre suche maystries, that none 
 coude go that Avaye but they were taken prisoners, Avithout it Avere the pylgrimes that 
 Avente to saynt James, Avith the ayde of another fortresse called Nemeluz.'' In these two 
 garysons all the robbers and pyllers of the coiitre assembled ; and euer they Avere 
 agaynst the erie of Foiz, and also agaynst the erle of Armynake ; wherfore they cared 
 nat, though the duke of Anion came into that coiJtre. And Avhan sir Garses Avas come 
 before the" castell of Trygalet, he coulde nat approche on the one parte lor the ryuer, 
 and so gaue a great assaute, and many men hurte bothe within and Avithout with shot; 
 and fyue dayes togyder this sir Garses made assautes, so that at laste the artillary within 
 began to fayle them, and the frechemen parceyued it very Avell. Than by gentyinesse 
 
 Vol. II. I sir 
 
 • Clisson. ^ KnoUes. ' Broc. '' In the French, " fres bans"—" very good." ' Barege.— Jo/mw. 
 
 ' Ernalton du Pin. « Derval. >• Raymonet de I'Espee. ' Mauleon. ' KemiUeux. 
 
58 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 sir Garses caused the capitayiie to come and speke with him vnder saueconducte, and 
 sayd to hym, Bastot, I knowe well what case ye be in ; ye haue no artillary within, nor 
 nothyng to def'ende you fro the saute but speares. Knowe for trouthe, that if ye be 
 taken by force, I can nat saue your lyfe nor none of youre company, for the comons of 
 the coun^re wyll slee you all, which I wolde be lothe to se, for ye are my cosyn ; ther- 
 fore I cousayle you to yelde vp the fortresse ; and sythe y I desyre you so to do, ye can 
 beare no blame in your so doyng, and departe hens wheder as ye lyste, for ye haue 
 kepte this castell long ynough. Sir, quod the squyer, I wolde gladly folowe your cou- 
 sayle, if it were out of dedes of armes, for in dede I am your cosyn ; but, sir, I can nat 
 yelde vp this fortresse all alone, for suclie as be within haue as good parte therof as I 
 haue, though they holde me for their capitayne. Sir, I shall go to them and shewe 
 them as ye haue said ; if they accorde to rendre it vp, I shall nat say nay ; and if they 
 wyll kepe it styll, whatsoeuer adueture fall, I shall take suche parte as they do. It is 
 well said, quod sir Garses ; departe whan ye wyll, I knowe your entent. Than the 
 Bastot of Manlyon' retourned to the castell of Trygalet, and called all his company to- 
 guyder, and ther shewed them all the sayeng of sir Garses, and so demaunded of them 
 what they thought was best to do : and so they counsayled toguyder a longe space ; 
 some wolde abyde the aduenture, and sayd howe they were stronge ynough ; and some 
 wolde departe, and said, howe it was a good tyme so to do, seynge that they had no 
 more artillary, and sawe well howe the duke of Anion was cruell, and the comons of 
 Thoulous, of Garcassoney, and of other townes thereabout, sore displeased with them, 
 for the great domages that they had done to the. So all thynges consydred, they con- 
 cluded to yelde vp the castell, so that they might be safely conducted and all theirs to 
 the castell Culyer,'' the whiche was kepte by some of their companyons on the fronter 
 of Tholousin. So thus the capitayne retourned agayne to the host to speke with sir 
 Garses, and he agreed to their desyres, for he sawe well the castell wolde nat lightely be 
 wonne by assaute, without losse of moclie people. So than they prepared to departe, 
 and trussed all their baggage, for they had moche pyllage ; they toke with them the 
 best, and lefte the resydue; and sir Garses conueyed the to Culyer without daunger. 
 Thus the frenchemen at that tyme gate this castell Trygalette. Than sir Garses dyd 
 gyue the castell to the comens of the countre, and they dyd rase it downe, as ye se, so 
 that there was neuer none sithe that wolde reedify it agayne : and so fro thens sir Garses 
 wente towarde the castell Nantylleux,' standyng on these laundes nere to the castell 
 Lameu.** And as he wente thyderwarde, one shewed hym y the castell Nantylleux' 
 -was voyde, and they departed that kepte it. Thane sir Garses taryed in the felde, and 
 deuysed what was best than to do. Than the seneshall of Nobesen sayd, sir, this castell 
 of Nantylleux"" is in my bayliwyke, and it ought to parteyne to the erle of Foiz. I praye 
 you let me haue it, and I shall make it to be so kepte, on my proper coste and charge, 
 that no man that wyll any hurte to the contrarye"" shall neuer entre therin. Sir, quod 
 they of Tholous, he sayeth well, and he is a valyant man ; it were better he had it than 
 another. Well, quod sir Garses, I am content. Thus the castell of Natylleux' was de- 
 lyuered to the senesch;ill of Nobesen, who incontynent rode tliyder, and founde it dene 
 voyde : than he newly fortifyed that was broken, and he set therin a capitayne, a squyer 
 of the countre called Fortefey saynt Poule ; and than he retourned to the siege of Mal- 
 uoysen, where y duke was, and also ihyder was come sir Garses and all his company, 
 and shewed the duke all that he had done. This siege endured about a vi. wekes, and 
 nighe euery day there was scrimysshinge at the barryers ; at laste they withoute 
 stopped their water, so that their sesterns began to drie, and in sixe wekes their fell nat 
 a droppe of rayne, the season was so drie and bote, and they wout had ease ynoughe by 
 reason of the fayre ryuer. Whan they win sawe what case they were in, they were sore 
 
 abasshed, 
 
 ' Mauleon. ^ Cullie. ^ Nemilleux. t Mesen ? ! " Countrj'." 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 59 
 
 abasshed, for they sawe well they coude nat long endure. Wyne they hadde plentie, 
 but fresshe water fayled them. Thane they aduysed to fall in treatie with the duke, and 
 so they dyde ; and Raymonde de lespee purchased a saueconduct to go into the boost 
 to speke with the duke, and so he dyd, and sayd, Sir, if ye wyll be courtesse to me and 
 to my company, I shall render into youre handes the castell of Maiuoysen. What cur- 
 tesy wolde ye, quod the duke, that I shulde shewe you? Departe your waye, you and 
 all yours into your owne coutreis, and entre nat into no forteresse that holdeth agaynst 
 vs ; for if ye do, and if I get you or any of you, I shall delyuer you to Joselyn, that 
 shall make your beerdes without any rasoure. Sir, quod Raymonde, if we shall de- 
 parte, shall we haue with vs all our bagges and baggages for that we haue wonne it by 
 amies, and in great aduenture? Than the duke studyed a lytell, and sayd, I am con- 
 tent that ye here with you as moche as ye may beare in males" and somers, and none 
 otherwise, and if ye haue any prisoners, that ye delyuer them to vs. I am cotent, 
 quoth Raymonde. Thus all they within departed, and yelded vp the castell to the 
 duke of Aniowe : but Raymonde de lespe" tourned and became frenche, and serued the 
 duke of Aniowe longe tyme after, and went with him into Italy, and there dyed in a 
 scrimysshe before Naples, whan the duke of Aniou and the duke of Sauoy made their 
 voyage. 
 
 Horve the garison and castell of Loicrde was cast downe and disconfyted hy the great 
 dili/gence that the Eric of Foiz made. 
 
 CAP. XXIIII. 
 
 THUS, quod the knight, the duke of Aniou gatte the castell of Maiuoysen, wherof 
 be great ioye, and made it to be kepte by a knyght of Bygore, called sir Cyquart of 
 Luperier, and after he gaue it to the erle of Foiz, who kepeth it yet, and wyll do as 
 longe as he lyuelh : and he hath made capitayne there a knyght of Bygore, one of his 
 owne lynage, called sir Raymon de Lane : and whan the duke of Aniou had the pos- 
 sessyon of^Maluoysen, and had delyuered his countrey fro the Englysshmen and fro the 
 pyllers of the countre, than he wente and layd seige before the castell of Lourde. 
 Than therle of Foiz douted greatly the duke of Aniou, bycause he cam so nere hyra, 
 and wyste nat what he entended. Than therle of Foiz assembled togyder knightes and 
 squyers, and sent the aboute to dyuers garysons, and sette his brother, sir Arnolde 
 Guyllame, in the towne of Morlens with two hundred speares,' in the towne of Panne,"* 
 and sir Peter of Cabeston into the cite of Lestrade with other two hundred speares, and 
 sir Monant ofNonalles' went into the towne of Hartlet with a hundred speares, and Ar- 
 nolde Geherell^ into the towne of Montgeberell^ with a hudred speares, sir Foulquant 
 Dortery into the towne of Sanetere"" with a hundred speares, and I, Espaygne of Lyon, 
 was sente to the Mount Marson with two hundred speares. There was no castell in all 
 Bierne but that was well prouyded with men of warre, and the erle himselfe laye styll 
 at his castell of Ortayse by his florens. Why, sir, quod I, hath he so great plentie of 
 florens? Sir, quod he, at this houre I thynke he hath well to the nobre of xxx. tymes a 
 hundred thousande: there is no lorde lyuenge as now, that is so large and lyberall in 
 gyueng of gyftes as he is. Than I demaunded of hym to what nianer of people he was 
 so lyberall ? he answered and said, to straungers, to knightes, and squyers comyng 
 through his countre, and to heraldes and mynstrels, and to euery man that speketh 
 
 I 2 with 
 
 ' Trunks. •■ L'Espee. "= " His other brother, Peter de Bearne, with 300 speares," omitted. 
 
 ^ Pau. -^ Mouvant de Nouvalles, or Noailles. ' Crual Geberel. ' Montgerbiel. 
 
 *" Sauveterre. 
 
60 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 with hym ; there is none clepartetli fro him without some rewarde ; for if any refuse his 
 gyfte, he is nat content. A saynt mary, sir, quod I, to what entent kepeth lie so moche 
 money, and w her dothe he get it? Is his reuenues so great, to gader toguyder suche 
 treasure? Sir, I wolde gladly knowe this, if it pleased you. Well, sir, quod the 
 knight, ye shall know it ; but ye haue demauded of me two thynges : first ye haue de- 
 mauded of me, to what entent he kepeth suche treasure; I shall shewe you. Therle 
 of Foiz alway douteth of the Avarre that he had with therle of Arminake, and also for 
 the busynesse of his neighbours, the frenche kyng and the kynge of Englande, whom 
 he wolde nat wyllingly displease ; for he hath ahvayes dissymuled bytwene them duryna 
 all the warr season vnto this present tyme, for he neuer armed hymselfe for any of 
 their parties ; he hath ahvayes been euer in good case with bothe parties : I saye to you, 
 and so ye shall saye youreselfe whane ye haue ones knowlege of hym and herde him 
 speke, and ones knowe the order and state of his house, ye shall se that he is at this 
 daye the moost sage prince in the worlde ; and there is none so great a lorde, nother the 
 frenche kyng nor the kyng of Englande, y wyll Avyllingly haue his yuell wyll : as for 
 his other neighbours, as the kyng of Arragon or the kyng of Nauer, he estemeth them 
 but lytell, for he wyll fynde mo men of armes (by reason of suche frendes as he hath 
 gote \v his giftes and money that he hath in treasure) than bothe those kynges can do ; 
 for I haue herde hym saye, that whan the kyng of Cyper^ was in his countre of Byerne, 
 and moued him to haue gone to the voiage of the holy Sepulture, he hadde thought 
 the same tyme to haue made suche a iourney, that if the frenche kyng or the kyn^r of 
 Englande had taken that enterprise, howe ther shulde haue ben no lorde shulde haue 
 brought suche a company as he wolde haue done, and as yet he is of the same mynde ; 
 and in parte, that is one of the causes that he gadereth suche treasure. 
 
 The prince of Wales, the season that he raigned in the countre of Acquitayne, beyng 
 at Burdeux on the ryuer of Geronde,'' thought to haue made hym warre. The prince 
 manassyde him for the coutre of Bierne, and wolde haue had hym to haue holde his 
 coutre of hym ; and the erle sayd he wolde nat, and sayd, howe his countre of Bierne 
 was so free a lande, that it ought to do homage to no man of the worlde : and the 
 prmce, who at that tyme was great and sore feared, said howe he wolde compell hym 
 perforce, for therle of Armynake and the lorde Dalbret, who loued nat therle of Foiz, 
 bycause of suche victories as he hadde won on them before, they tytled the prince 
 euer in his eare, and entysed hym to haue made warre agaynst the erle of Foiz : but the 
 voiage that the prince made into Spayne brake his purpose ; also sir John Chandos, who 
 was chefe of cousayle with the prince, was agaynst it, that the prince shulde make any 
 warre to the erle. The erle of Foiz loued right well sir Johan Chandos, and he hym; 
 but the erle douted the prince, bycause he was fierse and coragious ; and therfore lie 
 gadered togyder as moche treasure as he coude gette, to thentent therwith to defende 
 hym if nede were : and so he set great tayles and taxes in all his coutre and in euery 
 towne, whiche as yet endureth, and shall do as long as he lyueth ; he had of euery 
 fyre euery yere two frakes, and the ryche to beare out the poore ; therby he gadered 
 and yet dothe, great riches, and the people payeth it with a marueylous good wyll ; for 
 by reason therof, there is nother Englysshe nor frenche, nor robbers nor reyuers, y 
 dothe them any hurte to the value of one peny : and so his countre is in sauegarde and 
 iustice truely kepte; for in doyngof iustyce he is right cruell ; he is the moost rightfuU 
 lorde y is nowe lyueng: and so with these wordes we came to the towne of Turney, 
 where as we shulde rest all night. So than the knight seased of his talkyng, and I re- 
 membred well where we lefte agaynst the next day, and we were lodged at the signe of 
 the Starre, and toke our ease ; and at supper tyme, the capitayne of Maluoysin, called 
 
 sir 
 
 * Cyprus. >' Garonne. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 61 
 
 :aiTie to se vs, and supped with vs, and brought with hym four 
 
 ney. and passed by a gyde the ryi , 
 
 entred into Bigore ; and we lefle the waye to Lourde, to Bagueres, and to the castell ot 
 Mountcraylliard on the lyfte hande ; and we rode towarde a vyllage called Teracimytat, 
 and dyd coost it, and came to a wode in the lande of the lorde oi" Barbasan, and we came 
 nere to a castell called Matheras, at the entre of the countre of Layre/ Than the 
 knight said to me, Sir Johan, beholde here the place of Layre," and beholde it well 
 and aduyse the coutre, which semed to me right strage: I thought myselfe but as lost 
 ther, if I had nat ben in the company with that knight : than I remebred the wordes 
 that this knight had shewed me ii. or thre dayes before of that countre of Layre" and of 
 the Meaeant of Lourde: than I sayd to hym, Sir, ye shewed mc the last daye, that whan 
 we shulde be in the coOtre of Layre,^ that ye wokle shewe me the maner oi the Megeant 
 of Lourde, and howe he dyed. It is true, sir, quoth the knyght ; come on and ryde by 
 me, and I shall shewe you. Than I rode nere hym to here his wordes, and than he 
 sayde. Sir, in the season that Peter Danchynehelde the castell and castell" of Ortyngas, 
 as I haue shewed you before this tyme, they of the garison of Lourde sotyme rode 
 forthe at aduenture fane fro their garyson ; howebeit, they had nat alvvayes the aduaun- 
 tage, for ye maye beholde here the castell of Barbason and the castell of Martheras, 
 whe'rin there was alwayes many men of warre there, and in other garysons, as Bagneres, 
 Tourney, Mountgalyarde, Salenges, Benache, Gorre, and Tarbe, all frenche townes and 
 garysons : and whan these garysons knewe that they of Lourde rode outher towardes 
 Tholous or Carcassone, tha they wolde laye busshementes for them, and somtyme take 
 fro them of Lourde their praye and pyllage, and somtyme they scaped without any 
 rencounter. And on a tyme it fortuned Uiat Ernaulton of saynt Colombe and the 
 Mengeant of saynte Cornyle, and to the nombre of sixscore speares of good men of warre 
 departed fro Lourde about the moutayns bytwene these two ryuers Lysse and Lesse, 
 and so rode nere to Tholous ; and at their retournyng they founde in the medowes a 
 great nombre of beestes, oxen and keen, hogges, mottons, and lambes ; and also they 
 toke dyuers of the good men of the countre prisoners, and so droue all their pray be- 
 fore them. Than it was shewed to the capitayne of Tarbe, a squyer of Gascoyne, called 
 Ernalton Byfette, an experte man of armes, howe they of the garyson of Lourde were 
 abrode, and were comyng homewarde with a great praye: than he sente to the lorde ot 
 Benache and to Enguerose,' eldest sonne to sir Raymonde, and also to the lorde ol Bar- 
 bason, certifyeng them howe he wolde ryde out agaynst theym of Lourde. 1 h- 
 
 knya;htes and squyers of the countrey of Bigore agreed to ryde forthe, and assembled 
 togu'y^der at Tourney, and with them ther was the Bourcke'' of Spaygne, who came fro 
 his garyson of saynt Bearte: so they were to the uombre of tAVO hundred speares, and 
 
 toguyder at Tourney, 
 
 Bearte: so they were to the uombre ot tAVO nunarea speares, 
 they had their spyes abrode in the countrey, to knowe what they of Lourde dyde. On 
 
 ■ d abrode their spies, to knowe if any men of ws 
 
 the other syde, "they of Lourd had abrode their spies, to knowe it any men ot warre 
 were abrode to lette them of their enterprise : and so moche dyde these, y eylher partie 
 knewe what other dyde. Whane they of Lourde knewe howe they of the frenche gary- 
 sons were abrode and taryed for them at Tourney, than they were in doute, and toke 
 cousayle what they might best do to saue their pray : than they determyned to departe 
 their company in twoTthe one company to driue before them their praye with all their 
 varlettes, and to go couertly by the lane of Bourge,' and so to passe the waye by the 
 bridge of Tourney, and to passe the ryuer of Lesse, bytwene Tourney and Lymosyn ; 
 and the other company to ryde in batayle by the mountayns, and to make shewe to go 
 ' ' ^ agayne 
 
 ' Larre. !> " Garrison." <^ De Lane. t Bourg. ' Lane-bourg. ' Malvoisin. 
 
62 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 agayne into the countre of Layre,' by Martheras, and so to fall in bytwene Barbason 
 and Mountgalyarde, and sayd, that if they mete toguyder about Mountgaylliarde, than 
 they shulde be in sauegarde, for than we shall be soone at Lourde. Thus as they or- 
 dayned, so they dyde ; and the bastarde of Carnyllacke, Guyllonet of Harmyes,'' and 
 Perot Burcyer, John Calleuyn of Basile,"" the reed squier,** and fourtie speares, with all 
 their varlettes, with all their pray, toke the waye by the lane of Burge,^ and so to passe 
 the ryuer at the bridge bitwene Tourney and Maluoysin, thynkynge to mete all togyder 
 bytwene Cynitat and Moutgayllarde ; and so they departed, and the other copany, as 
 Ernahon of Restue, Ernalton of salt Colombe, and the Megeant of saynt Cornyle, with 
 fourscore men of armes, there was nat x. varlettes among them : so they made theself 
 redy, and rode close toguyder, euer lokyng for their enemyes, for they knewe well they 
 Avere abrode to watche for them. In lyke maner as they of Lourde had taken their 
 aduise and coiisayle howe to retourne, in lykewise the frenchemen tooke counsayle 
 howe they might encounter their enemyes ; and sir Monant of Barbasan and Ernalton 
 Byffet sayd to their companye, Sirs, we knowe well howe they of Lourde are abrode 
 in the feldes, and driueth before them great praye and many prisoners : it shulde be a 
 great dyspleasure to vs if they shulde scape ; therfore lette vs put ourselfe into two 
 busshementes ; we are company ynoughe so to do. Than it was ordayned that Ernal- 
 ton and the Bourge of Spayne, sir Raymonde of Benache, and Anguer of Lane, with a 
 hundred spares, shulde kepe the passage at Tourney; for they knewe well that they of 
 Lourd, with their praye, must nedes passe the ryuer of Lysse: and it was ordayned, 
 that the lorde of Barbasone and Ernalton Byfet, with a hundred speares, shulde ryde 
 at aduentures ; so thus they departed, and the lorde of Benache and the Bourge of 
 Spaygne put themselfe in a busshment, bytwene Maluoysin and Turney ; and the other 
 company rode and toke the same waye that we be nowe in, which is called the Layre, 
 and here they mette with the of Lourde ; and whan eche of them sawe other, they 
 alyghted, and made them redy to fyght, and so came eche agaynst other, cryeng their 
 cryes, saynt George Lourd, and the other our lady of Bygore ; and so there eche came 
 to other with hande strokes, foyninge with their speares eche at other a great space ; 
 and as I herde reported of them that were ther, at the first brunt there was none ouer- 
 throwen : and so whan eche of the had a great space foyned eche at other, they caste 
 downe their speares, and toke their axes, and gaue therwith eche to other great and 
 horrible strokes, euery man with his matche, and in that maner they fought toguyder 
 more than two^ houres; and whan any of them had fought so long that they lacked 
 brethe, than they wolde fayre and easely departe, and go sytte downe by a dyke syde 
 that was full of water, and put of their bassenettes and refresshe themselfe ; and whan 
 they were well refresshed, they putte on their bassenetes and retourned agayne to fight. 
 I beleue there was nat suche a busynesse nor a batayle so well fought (sithe the batayle 
 y was in Bretayne of xxx. agaynst as many) as this was here at Martheras in Bigore. 
 Thus they fought hande to hande, and Ernalton of saynt Colombe was at the poynt to 
 haue ben disconfyted by a squyer of the countre called Guyllonet of Salynges. This 
 Ernalton of saint Colombe had a varlet, who stode by and sawe the batayle and fought 
 nat, for ther was none that sayd any thyng to hym : and whan he sawe his maister al- 
 most at vttraunce, he was sorie, and so came to his maister and tooke his axe out of his 
 handes, and sayd, Ernalton, go your waye and rest you, ye can no lengar fight ; and 
 than he with the axe wente to the squyer and gaue him suche a stroke on the heed, that 
 he was astonied, and had nere hande fallen to the erthe. Whane Guyllonet felte hym- 
 selfe stryken, he was sore displeased, and came agaynst the varlet to haue stryken hym, 
 but the varlet stepte vnder the stroke and enbrased the squyer, who was sore traueyled 
 
 with 
 
 • Larre. ^ De Harnes. ■= Calemin de Bassele. " Le rouge Escuyer. ' Lane-bourg. 
 
 ' Johnes and the Lyons' edition say three hours. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 63 
 
 with so long fightyng, and so the varlet ouerthrevve hym wrestlyng vnder hym. Tha 
 the varlet sayde, I shall slee the, witliout thou wylte yelde thyselfe to my maister. 
 Who is thy mayster ? quod the squyer. Ernalton of saynt Coiombe, quod the var- 
 lette, with whonie thou haste fought all this season. The squyer sawe that he had nat 
 the vauutage, but that he was vnder tiie varlelte, who had a daggar redy to stryke hym ; 
 So he yelded hym to rendre his body prisoner at Lourde within fyftene dayes after, 
 rescues orno rescues. This seruyce dyd this varlet to his maister: and, sir Johii, las- 
 sure you, ther were many feates of armes done, and many ouerthrowen and taken pri- 
 soners ; some to yelde themselfe in a certayne space at Tarbe, and some to come to 
 Lourde. They fought this day hande to hande ; Ernalton Byfet with the Mengeant of 
 saynt Basyll ; they dyde many a feate of armes bytwene the, and they fought so long 
 till they were so wery that they coude ayde themselfe no lengar: and ther was slayne 
 on the place two capitayns, the megeant of Lourde, and on the other parte Ernalton 
 Byffet. Than ceased the batayle by agrement of bothe parties, for they were so wery 
 that they coude scante holde their axes in their handes. Some vnarmed them, to re- 
 fresshe theselfe, and lefte their armure in the place. They of Lourde bare awaye with 
 them the Mengeant slayne, and the frenchemen bare Ernalton Byffet to Tarbe : and to 
 thentent that this batayle shulde be had in remembraunce, wher as the two squyers 
 fought, there was set a crosse of stone ; beholde yonder is the crosse ; and with those 
 wordes we came to the crosse, and there we sayd for their soules a Pater noster and an 
 Aue maria. By my faythe, sir, quod 1, I am gladde I haue herde this, for this was a 
 sharpe busynesse of so lytell people. But, sir, what became of them that wente with 
 tlie praye? I shall shewe you, quod he. They came to the parte of Tourney besyde 
 Maluoysin, to haue passed there, as they had ordayned, and ther they founde the bussh- 
 ment of the Bourge of Spaygne, who brake out of their busshment, and they of Lourde 
 coude nat recule backe ; they had no remedy, but toadueture theirselfe. And I tell you 
 trouthe, there was as sore a fight, and as long endured or lengar, than that at Martheras, 
 and there Ernalton of Spayne dyde marueylous in armes ; he had an axe in his hande ; 
 whosoeuer he strake therwith went to the erth, for he was bygge and well made, and 
 nat oner charged with moche flesshe : he toke ther with his owne handes the two capi- 
 tayns, the Burge of Coruyle" and Perot Palatyne of Bierne ; and there was slayne a 
 squier of Nauar, called Ferado" of Myrando, who was an expert man of armes; some 
 that were at the busynesse sayd, that the Bourge of Spaygne slewe hym, and some sayd 
 he was ouercome for heat in his harnesse: finally the praye was rescewed, and all taken 
 or slayne that wente therwith ; ther were but thre saued themselfe, and they were var- 
 lettes, who departed and wente oner the ryuer of Lysse. Thus became of this aduen- 
 ture. They of Lourde neuer loste before so moche as they dyde than : they were cour- 
 tesly raunsomed, and dyuers delyuered by exchaunge one for another, for dyuers ot 
 them that fought here at the place of Layre were taken by the of Lourd ; therfore euery 
 parte were courteyse one to another in raunsomyng of their companyons. Ah, saynt 
 Mary, sir, quod I, is the Bourge of Spaygne so bygge a man as ye speke of? Yea, sir, 
 truely, quod he ; for in all Gascoyne there is none lyke hym in strength of body ; ther- 
 fore the erle of Foiz hath hym euer in his company : it paste nat a thre yere that he 
 dyde in a sporte a great dede, as I shall shewe you. 
 
 So it was on a Christmas day the Erie of Foiz helde a great feest, and a plentiful! of 
 knightes and squyers, as it is his vsage ; and it was a colde day, and the erle dyned in 
 the hall, and with hym great company of lordes ; and after dyner he departed out of 
 the hall, and wente vp into a galarye of xxiiii. stayres of heyght, in whiche galarye 
 ther was a great chymney, wherin they made fyre whan therle was ther ; and at that 
 
 tyme 
 
 * Cornillac. "" Ferdinand. 
 
64 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 tyme there was but a small fyre, for the erie loued no great fyre; howbelt, he hadde 
 woode ynoughe there about, and in Bierne is wode ynoughe. The same daye it was a 
 great frost and very colde : and whan the erle was in the galarye, and sawe the fyre so 
 lytell, he sayde to the knightes and squiers about hym, Sirs, this is but a small fyre, 
 and the day so colde: than Ernalton of Spayne went downe the stayres, and beneth in 
 the courte he sawe a great meny of asses, laden with woode to serue the house : than he 
 wente and toke one of the grettest asses, with all the woode, and layde hym on his backe, 
 and went vp all the stayres into the galary, and dyde cast downe the asse with all the 
 •woode into the chymney, and the asses fete vpwarde ; wherof the erle of Foiz had great 
 ioye, and so hadde all they that were there, and had marueyle of his strength, howe he 
 alone came vp all the stayres with the asse and the woode in his necke. I toke great 
 pleasure in this tale, and in other that this knyght sir Espaygne de Leon shewed me, 
 wherby I thought my iourney moche the shorter ; and in shewyng of these maters, we 
 passed the pase of Layre and the castell of Martheras, where as the batayle was, and so 
 we rode nere to the castell of Barbason, whiche is stronge and fayre, and is within a 
 Jeage of Tarbe, whiche we sawe before vs, and a fayre waye costyng the ryuer of Lysse 
 comyng fro the mountayns: than we rode fayre and easely at our leysar to refresshe 
 our horses, and there he shewed me the ryuer, the castell, and the towne of Mount- 
 galyarde, and the waye that laye to Lourde. Tharie it came to my remembraunce to 
 demaunde the knight, howe the duke of Aniou whan he was in the countrey, and that 
 the castell of Maluoysin was yelded to hi, came before Lourde, and what he dyd there; 
 and with right a good wyll he shewed me and said, Whanne the duke of Aniowe de- 
 parted from Maluoysin with all his host, he passed ouer the ryuer of Lysse at the 
 bridge of Tourney, and wente and lodged at Bagniers, where as is a good ryuer goynge 
 to Tarbe, for this ryuer of Tourney cometh nat thyder, but falleth into the ryuer of 
 Garon besyde Moutunllyon :" and so the duke went and layd siege to Lourde, Sir Peter 
 Ernalton of Bierne, and Johan his brother, Peter Danchyn, Ernalton of Restue, Ernalton 
 of saynt Colombe, and the Mengeant, who as than was lyueng, and Ferando** of My- 
 rando, with Olyuer Barbe, the Burge of Cornyllacke, and the Burge Canuse," and cer- 
 tayne other copanions beyng within Lourde ; whan they were well enfourmed of the 
 dukes comynge thyder, they fortifyed them and their garyson agaynst hym, and helde 
 the towne of Lourde for all the sautes that the duke made, whiche fyftene dayes conty- 
 nually endured, and there were many feates of armes done. The duke ordayned many 
 instrumentes of warre for the saute, so that finally the towne was wonne, but they loste 
 neyther man, woman, nor good, for they were all withdraAven into the castell, for they 
 knewe well at length the towne wolde nat holde, for it was closed but with dykes and 
 pales. Whan the towne of Lourde was won, the Frenchenien had great ioye, and so 
 lodged in the towne roude about the castell, whiche was nat prignable without it were 
 with long siege. There the duke taryed more than sixe wekes, and lost more than he 
 wanne ; for they without coulde do no hurte to them within, for the Castell standeth on 
 a rounde rocke, made in suche maner that no man coude aproche it by scalynge nor 
 otherwyse, but by one entre ; and there at the barryers were many scrimysshes and 
 many feates of armes done, and dyuers knightes and squyers of Fraunce were hurte, 
 suche as wolde prese to nere. Whan the duke sawe howe he coude nat haue his entent 
 to gette the castell of Lourde, than he fell in treatie with the capitayne within, and 
 offred him moche money to gyue vp the garyson. The knight, who was of great va- 
 lyantnesse, excused hymselfe, and said, Howe the garyson was nat his, but it parteyned 
 to the herytage of the kynge of Englande ; and sayd, Howe he coude nat sell it, nor gyue 
 it, nor putte it awaye, without he shulde be a traytour, whiche in no wyse he wolde be, 
 but trewe to his naturall lorde durynge his lyfe ; and moreouer sayd, that whan the 
 
 castell 
 
 f MontmillioH. '■ Ferdinand. ^' Camus. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 65 
 
 castell was delyuered hym, it was on a condycion, whiche he sware solempnely by his 
 faythe in the prince of Wales hande, y he shulde kepe the castell of Lourde agaynst all 
 men durynj^e his lyfe, excepte it were agaynst the kyng of Englande. The duke coude 
 neuer haue other answere of hym, for gyfte nor promyse that he coulde make. And 
 whan the duke of Aniou and his coiisaile sawe howe they coude haue nothynge els, and 
 sawe that they loste their payne, they dislodged, and at their departynge they dene 
 brent the towne. Than the duke of Aniowe drewe backe in coostynge Bierne, and 
 rode towarde the Mount Marsen, and had knowledge howe the erle of Foiz had fortifyed 
 all hisgarysons with men of warre, wherof he was nothyng dyscontent, but he was dis- 
 pleased in that the knyghtes and squyers of Bierne helde Lourde agaynst hym. The 
 erle of Foyz (as I haue shewed you here before) doughted greatly the duke of Aniowe, 
 thoughe the duke dyde iiym no hurte: but the erle of Arminake and the lorde Dalbret 
 wolde haue had the Duke to haue made hym warre, but the duke had no wyll thereto ; 
 but whyle he lodged bytwene Mounte Marsen and the Boce' Dalbret, he sent to the erle 
 to Ortaise, sir Peter of Beule, whom the erle receyued honorably, and lodged hym in 
 the castell of Ortaise, and made hym as good chere as he coude, and gaue hym mulettes 
 and coursers, and to his men great gyftes : and he sente by hym to the duke of Aniowe 
 foure coursers and two Allans'" of Spaygne, fayre and good : and there were secrete 
 treaties bytwene the erle and this sir Peter of Beule, of whiche treaties no man knewe 
 the entent therof of a good space after ; but after, by suche euydent tokens as appered, 
 we supposed somewhat, and the mater I shall shewe you, and by that tyme we shall come 
 to Tarbe. 
 
 Anone after that the duke of Aniou had made his voyage, and that he was atTholous, 
 than the erle of Foiz sende by his letters certayne messangers to Lourde, to his cosyn sir 
 Peter Ernalton of Bierne, desyring hym to come and speke with hym at Ortayse: and 
 ■whan the knyght had reed therles letters, and sawe his notable message, he had dyuers 
 ymaginacions, and wyst nat wheder he might go or abyde : all thynges consydred, he 
 sayd he wolde go, bycause in no wyse he wolde displease the erle. And whan he de- 
 parted fro Lourde, he sayd to Johan of Bierne his brother, in the presens of all the 
 companyons of the garyson : Brother Johan, the erle of Foyz hath sente for me, I can 
 nat tell you why ; but sythe it is his pleasure to speke with me, I wyll go to hym : I 
 feare me greatly that I shal be requyred to gyue vp this fortresse of Lourde ; for the 
 duke of Aniou, whan he was in the countrey, he costed Bierne, and entred nat therin; 
 and the erle of Foyz hath longe entended to haue the castell of Maluoysin, to the en- 
 tent to be lorde of the lane de Bourge, and of the fronters of Comynges and of Bigore. 
 I knowe nat what treatie ther is made bytwene hym and the duke of Anion ; but one 
 thynge I saye playnly : as longe as I lyue I shall neuer yelde vp the garyson but to myne 
 owne naturall lorde the kyng of Englade ; wherfore, brother Johan, in case that I sta- 
 blysshe you in myne absence to be Capitayne here, that ye shall swere to me by the 
 faythe of your gentylnesse, that ye shall kepe this castell, in lyke maner and fourme as 
 I do, and that for lyfe or dethe ye fayle nat. And Johan of byerne sware to fulfyll his 
 desyre. Than sir Peter Ernalton wente to Ortayse, and alyghted at the signe of the 
 Moone, and whan he thought it was tyme, he wente to the castell of Ortayse to therle, 
 who with great ioye receyued hym, and made hym syt at his borde, and shewed him as 
 great semblant of loue as he coude ; and after dyner he said-, Cosyn Peter, I haue to 
 speke w you of dyuers thynges, wherfore I wyll that ye departe nat Avithout my leaue. 
 The knight answered and sayd, sir, I shall nat departe tyll it be your pleasur. Than 
 the thirde day after the erle of Foiz said vnto hym, in the presens of the vycount of Gous- 
 serant, his brother, and before the lorde Dachyn of Bigore and dyuers other kniglites 
 and squyers, the erle sayd aloude, y euery man might here hym, Peter, I sende lor you, 
 Vol. H. K and 
 
 ' Hill of Dalbret. ^ A species of dog, the breed of which came from Albania. — Cotgruic. 
 
66 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 and ye be come : I wyll ye kiiovve, the duke of Anion wolde me moche yuell, bycause 
 of the garison of Louide, whiche ye kepe, for the whiche cause my lande was nere 
 hade ouerron and good frendes had nat been ; and it is his opynion and dyuers other of 
 his company, that he hateth me, bicause (as they say) howe I maynteyne and sustayne 
 you, bycause ye be of Byerne ; and it is nat mete for me to haue the yuell wyll of so 
 great a prince as the duke of Aniowe is ; wherfore I comaunde you, as ye wyll eschewe 
 my displeasure, and by the faythe and lignage that ye owe to me, that ye yelde vp the 
 garyson of Lourde into my handes. Wiian the knyght herde these wordes he was sore 
 abasshed, and studyed a lytell, remembringe what aunswere he might make, for he sawe 
 well the Erie spake in good faithe ; howebeit, all tliynges consydred, he sayd, Sir, true 
 it is, I owne to you faythe and homage, for I am a poore knyght of your blode and of 
 your countrey ; but as for the castell of Lourde, I wyll nat delyuer it to you ; ye haue 
 sent for me, to do with me as ye lyst ; I holde it of the kyng of Englande ; he sette me 
 there ; and to none other lyueng wyll I delyuer it. Whan the erle of Foyz herde that 
 answere, his blode chafed for yre, and sayd, drawyng out his daggar, A treatour, sayest 
 thou nay? By my heed thou hast nat sayd that for nought, and so therwith strake the 
 knight, that he wounded hym in fyue places, and there was no knyght nor barone y 
 durst steppe bytwene them. Than the knyght sayd. Ah sir, ye do me no gentylnesse 
 to sende for me and slee me. And yet, for all the strokes that he had with the daggar, 
 therle comauded to cast him in prison downe into a depe dyke ; and so he was, and 
 ther dyed, for his woundes were but yuell loked vnto. Ah, saynt Mary, quod I 
 to the knyght, Was nat this a great crueltie ? Whatsoeuer it was, quoth the knyght, 
 thus it was. Lette one aduyse hym well, or he displease him ; for and he be angry, 
 there is no pardon: he helde ones his cosyn germayne, the vicout of Chateau 
 Bein," who is his heryter, eight monethes in the towre of Ortaise in prison, and 
 after rausomed him at fourtie thousande frankes. Why, sir, quod I, hath the 
 erle of Foyz no chyldren ? No, truely, sir, quod he, by any vvyfe; but he hath two 
 yonge knightes y be his bastardes, whom ye shall se, and he loueth them as well 
 ashymselfe: they be called sir Johan'' and sir Gracyen. Than I demaunded yf euer 
 he were maryed ? Yea, truely, quod he, and is yet, but his wyfe is nat with 
 hym. Why, sir, wher is she ? Sir, quod he, she is in Nauer, for the kyng there is 
 her cosyn ; she was doughter to kynge Loyes of Nauar. Yet than I demaunded if euer 
 the erle had any chyldren. Yes, sir, quod he, he had a fayre sonne, who had the fathers 
 harte, and all the countrey loued hym, for by hym all the countre of Biern was in rest 
 and peace, where as it hath ben sith in debate and stryfe, for he had maryed the suster 
 of therle of Armynake. Sir, quod I, what became of that sonne, and it maye be 
 knowen? Sir, quod he, I shall shewe you, but nat as nowe, for the mater is ouer 
 longe, and we are nere the towne, as ye se : therwith I left the knight in peace, and so 
 we came to Tarbe, and toke oure lodgynge at the Starre, and there taryed all that day, 
 for it was a towne of great easement, bothe for man and horse, with good hay and otes 
 and a fayre ryuer. 
 
 The nexte day after masse we mounted a horsbacke, and departed fro Tarbe, and 
 came to a towne called lorre, whiche valyantlye alwayes helde agaynst them of Lourde ; 
 and so we passed by the towne withoute, and than entred into the countrey of Bierne. 
 Than the knight stode styll and sayd. Sir, beholde here is Bierne : and we stode in a 
 crosse waye. The knight aduysed hym whiche waye to take, outher to Morlens or to 
 Panne ;' at laste we toke the waye to Morlens, ridynge ouer the laudes of Bierne, whiche 
 were right playne. Thane I demaunded of hym, if the towne of Panne' were nere vs ? 
 and he sayde, yes ; and so he shewed me the steple: howebeit, the distauce was farther 
 ol than it semed, for it was an ynel Avay to ryde, bycause of the myres, to the that 
 
 knewe 
 
 ' Bon. •■ Jenvaiu. "^ Pau. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 67 
 
 knewe nat the countre ; and nat farre ihens was the castell of Lourde ; and I demaunded 
 who was as than capitayne there? he sayd, that as than the seneschall of Bigore was capi- 
 tayne there, admytted by the kynge of Englande, brother to sir Peter of Bierne (as ye 
 haue herde before). That is trewe, sir, quod I ; but dyde he neuer after go to se the 
 erleof Foiz? He answered and sayd, Sithe the dethe of his brother he neuer came 
 there, but other of his company hath ben often with the erle, as Peter Danchyn, Ernal- 
 ton of Restue, ErnaUon of saynt Colome, and other. Sir, quod I, hath the erle of Foiz 
 made any amendes for the dethe of tliat knight, or sorie for his dethe ? Yes, truely, sir, 
 quod he, he was right sorie for his dethe ; but as for amendes, I knowe of none, without 
 it be by secrete penauce, masses, or prayers: he liathe with hym the same knightes sonne, 
 called Johan of Byerne, a gracyous squyer, and the erle loueth hym right well. Ah, 
 sir, quod I, the duke of Aniowe, who that wolde so fayne haue the castell of Lourde, 
 ought to be well content with the erle of Foyz, whan he slewe suche a knight, his owne 
 cosyn, for to accomplysshe his desyre. By my faythe, sir, quod he, so he was; for 
 anone after that the duke came to the Frenche kyng, the kynge sent into this countre 
 sir Roger of Spaygne, and a presydent of the parlyament chambre of Parys, and letters 
 sealed, makyng mencion howe the kynge dyde gyue to the erle of Foiz the coutie of 
 Bygore duryng his lyfe, to holde y same of the crowne of Fraunce. The Erie thanked 
 greatly the kyng, for the great loue that he shewed him, and for that great gyfte, with- 
 out any request makynge :' but for all that the sayd sir Roger of Spaygne coude do, saye, 
 or shewe, the erle in no wyse wolde take the gyfte, but he toke the castell of Maluoy- 
 sin, bycause it was a fre lande, for that castell and the purteynauce holdeth of no man, 
 but of God, and also auncyently it parteyneth to his enherytaunce. The frenche kyng, 
 by the meanes of the duke of Aniowe, dyd gyue it hym, and the erles ware and pro- 
 mysed to take it on a condycion, that he shuld neuer sette man there that shulde do any 
 yuell to the realme of Fraunce ; and so he dyde, for suche as were ther feared as moche 
 thenglisshemen as any other Frenche garysons in Gascoyne, but the Bernoyse durst 
 nat ronne into the countre of Foyz. 
 
 Howe the peace was made bihuene the duke of Berry and therle of Foiz, and of the 
 begynninge of the warre that was hitwene therle of Foiz and the erle of Armynake. 
 
 CAP. XXV. 
 
 ALL these maters that sir Espayne de Leon shewed me, right well cotented me ; 
 and euery nyght, assoone as we were at our lodgynges, I wrote euer all that I herde in 
 the day, the better therby to haue the in remebraiice, for writyng is the best remebrauce 
 that may be. And so we rode the sayd mornyng to Morlens ; but are we came there, I 
 said, sir, I haue forgot to demaude of you, whan ye shewed me the aduentures of Foiz,* 
 dyde dissymule with the duke of Berrey, who had to wyues, the doughter and suster of 
 therle of Armynake, and wheder that the duke of Berry made him any warre, and 
 howe he dyd? Howe he dyd, quod the knight, I shall shewe you. In tyme past the 
 duke of Berrey wolde him as moche yuell as he coude ymagyn, but as nowe, by meanes 
 whiche ye shall here of whan ye come to Ortaise, they be accorded. Why, sir, quod I, 
 was there any cause why the duke shulde be displeased with hym? As helpe me god, 
 quod the knight, non ; but 1 shal shewe you the cause. Whan Charles the frenche 
 kyng, father to kyng Charles that nowe is, was dyssessed, the realme of Frauce was 
 deuyded in two partes, as in the gouernyng therof ; for the duke of Aniou, who en- 
 
 K 2 tended 
 
 ' " And of Armignac, how the Count de Foiz/' omitted. 
 
68 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 tended to go into Italy, as he dyd, he gaue vs the rule, and than his' two bretherne, the 
 duke of Berry and the duke of Burgoyne had y rule. The duke of Berry had the go- 
 uernynge of Languedocke, and the duke of Burgoyne ruled Languedoyle* and Picardy. 
 Whan they of Languedocke vnderstode y the duke of Berry had the gouernyng ouer 
 them, they were sore abasshed, and specially they of Tholous, for they knewe well that 
 y duke was a sore taker of golde and syluer, and a sore oppressar of the people : also 
 ther was in Carcassone and in Rouergue, bretons and tholousins, whiche the duke of 
 Anion had left in the coutre, and they robbed and pylled, and the brute ran, y the duke 
 of Berry maynteyned them, to thetent to ouermaister }' good townes ; but in this season 
 that I spake of, the duke of Berrey was nat in the coutre there ; he was with the kyng 
 in Flauders. They of Tholous, who be great and puissant, parceyued ho we the frenche 
 kyng was yonge, and was greatly busyed in Flaunders, for the ayde of his vncle the 
 duke of Burgoyn: and they sawe well howe they were dayly robbed and pilled by the 
 britons and other, so that they wyste nat what to do. Than they sent and treated with 
 theerle of Foiz, desyring hym, for a certayne some of money that they offred hym, euery 
 moneth to be payed, that he wolde take on him the gouernynge of Tholous, and of the 
 coutre of Tholonsin ; and also he was desyred of other townes in lykevvise: they de- 
 syred hym, bycause they knewe hym for a iuste man and a rightwyse in iustyce, re- 
 douted of his enemyes, and fortunate in all his businesse ; and also they of Tholous loued 
 hym, for he had been euer to them a good neyghbour. Thus he toke on him the charge 
 and the goviernynge, and sware to maynteyne and kepe the countre in their ryght 
 agaynst all men that wolde do any Avrong therto, reseruyng all onely the frenche kynges 
 persone. Than he sette men of warr to watche the wayes and passages, wher as these 
 robbers and pyllars vsed to passe, and on a daye he toke, slewe, and drowned of them, 
 at Robeston in Tholousin, mo than four hiidred, wherby he gate great grace and honoure 
 of them of Tholous and of Carcassone, of Besyers, and Mountpellyer, and of other 
 good townes there about, so that the renome ran in Fraunce howe they of Languedoke 
 ■were tourned, and had taken to their lorde the erle of Foyz : and the duke of Berry, 
 who was souerayne there, toke therat great displeasure, and had therle of Foiz in great 
 hate, bycause he medled so farre in the busynesse of Fraunce, and wherby he mayn- 
 teyned them of Tholous styli in their rebellyon agaynst him. Than he sente men of 
 warre into the countre, but they were fiersly driuen backe agayne by the erles men, so 
 that wheder they wolde or no, they were fayne to drawe backe, or els they had loste 
 more than they shulde haue wonne. With this the duke of Berrey was sore displeased 
 w the erle of Foiz, and he sayd, howe therle of Foiz was the most presumptuous and 
 proudest knight of all the worlde : the duke as than coude suffre no good to be spoken 
 of hym ; howebeit, he made hym no warre, for the erle of Foiz had alwayes his townes 
 and castelles so well prouyded for, that none durste entre into his lande: but whan the 
 duke of Berry came into Languedocke, than he left his rule, for he wolde tha no 
 lengar exercyse agaynste the duke, but the displeasure rested styll after a certayne 
 space ; but nowe shall I shewe you by what meanes the peace was norisshed bytwene 
 them. 
 
 It Avas a ten yere paste that the lady Ellyanour of Comynges, as nowe coutesse of 
 Bouloyne, and nere cosyn to therle of Foiz, and right enherytour to the countie of 
 Comynges, thoughe that the erle of Armynake hadde it in possession, she came to 
 Ortaise to therle of Foiz, and brought with her a yonge doughter of thre yere of age. 
 Therle her cosyn made her good chere, and he demaunded her of her busynesse, and 
 "wheder she Avas goynge. Sir, quod she, I am goynge into Arragon to myne vncle and 
 
 aunte, 
 
 ' The countries north and south of the Loire were called Langue d'oc and I.angue d'oil : the latter was to the 
 north of that river. This distinction ceased in the reign of Francis I. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 69 
 
 aunte, the erle of Vrgell," and there I purpose to abyde; for I haue great displeasure 
 to abyde with my hus'bande, sir Johan of Boloyne, for 1 thought he wolde haue recouered 
 myne enherytaurice of Comynges fro the erle of Armynake, who kepeth it fro me, and 
 he hath my suster in prisone, and he wyll do nothyng in the mater; he is so softe a 
 knight, that he wyll do nothynge, but take his ease and eate and drinke, and to spende 
 tharhe hath, folysshelye ; and 1 thynke, whan he is erle he wyll take his pleasure more ; 
 therfore 1 wyll no lengar abyde with hym, and I haue brought with me my doughter, 
 whom I wyll delyuer nito your handes, prayenge you to kepe and to norisshe her vp, 
 for I trust, by reason of her lygnage, ye wyll nat fayle thus to do, for I haue hoope in 
 you, that ye wyll kepe her. Thad moche payne to gette her awaye out of the countrey, 
 and out of the handes of my husbande her father ; but bycause 1 take the of Armynake 
 myne aduersaries and yours, who wolde gladly steale my doughter awaye, bycause she 
 is enherytour of Comynges, therfore I haue brought her vnto you ; wherfore, sir, I re- 
 quyre you fayle me nat at this busynesse ; and I am sure her father my husbande, whan 
 he knoweth y I haue lette her Avith you, he wyll be right ioyfuU, for he hath sayd often 
 tymes to me, that tliis his dougliter shulde put hym to great doute. And whan the 
 erle had well herde the wordes of the lady Elyanour his cosyn, he was right ioyfull, 
 and ymagined in himseife howe that childe'after shulde do hym some pleasure, as by 
 the meanes of her mother, to haue a ferme peace w his enemyes, or els to marry her 
 in so highe a place, that his ennemyes shulde doute hym therby. Than he answered 
 the lady°and said, Madame and cosyn, all that ye desyre I shall do it with right a good 
 wyll, for I am bounde therto by lynage ; and as for your doughter, m^ cosyn, I shall 
 kepe her as well as though she were myne owne proper chylde. Sir, quod she, I thanke 
 you. Thus the yong doughter of Bouloyne abode with the erle of Foiz at Ortaise, and 
 she neuer departed tliens sUhe, and the lady her mother went to Arragon ; she hath been 
 sithe ones or twyse to se her doughter, but she neuer desyred to haue her agayne, for 
 therle kepte her as well as if she were his owne chylde: and to the purpose as to the 
 meane of the peace that I shewed you, the erle ymagined to gette by her the loue 
 agayne of the duke of Berry ; and as nowe at this present tyme the duke ol Berry hath 
 gret desyre to be marryed, and I thynke by that I herde at Auygnon by the pope, who 
 is cosyn germayne to the ladyes father, he shewed me howe the duke of Berrey de- 
 syreth to haue her in maryage. Ah, saynt Mary, sir, quod I, howe your wordes be to 
 me right agreable, for it hath done me great pleasure, all that euer ye haue shewed me, 
 whiche shall nat be loste, for it shall be putte in remebraunce and cronycled, if god wyll 
 sende me the grace to retourne to the towne of Valencenes, where as I was borne: but, 
 sir, I am sore displeased of one thynge. What is that? quod he. I shall shewe you: 
 by my faithe, that so hyghe and valyant a prince as the Erie of Foiz is, shulde be with- 
 out laufuU issue. Sir, quod the knight, if he had one, as ones he had, he shulde be the 
 most ioyouse prince of the worlde, and so wolde be all the coutre. Why, sir, than 
 quod I, is his lande than withoute an heyre? Nay, sir, quod he, the Vycount of the 
 castell Bone,'' his cosyn germayne, is his heyre. Is he a valyant man in amies ? quod I. 
 Nay, be my faythe, sir, quod he ; and therfore the erle loueth hym nat, and thynketh to 
 make his two bastardes sones, who be right valyant, his heyres, and thynketh to marry 
 them in an highe lygnage, for he hath golde and syluer ynough, wherby he thynketh 
 to gette theym wyues, suche as shall ayde and conforte them. Sir, quod I, it maye well 
 be; howebeit, the thyng is nat reasonable, that bastardes shulde be made herytours of 
 landes. Wherfore nat, sir, quod he, if there lacke good heyres? Se you nat howe the 
 spaynierdes haue crowned Henry a bastarde to be kyng, and also they ol Portyn- 
 gale crowned a bastarde to their kynge ? It hath been sene in the worlde m dyuers 
 realmes, that bastardes by force hathe reygned. Was nat Wyllyam Conquerour 
 
 bastarde 
 
 ' D'Urgueil. '' Cliateau-bon. 
 
70 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 bastarde sonne to a duke of Normandy, who conquered all Englande, and was kynge 
 there, so that all the kynges syth are discended fro hym? Sir, quod I, all this 
 might well be ; ther is nothyng but that may fall ; but they of Arrnynake are right 
 stronge, and so therby this countrey shal be euer in warre and stryfe : but, sir, I pray 
 you shewe me the iust cause why the warre first moued bytwene them of Foiz and Ar- 
 rnynake. I wyll shewe you, quod the knight: I ensure you it is a marueylous warre, 
 for as they saye, eche of the haue cause. Sir, aunciently, about a hudred yere past, 
 there was a lorde in Bierne called Gascone,^ a ryght valyant man in armes, and is buryed 
 in the freres right solempnely at Ortaise, and there ye may se what persone he was of 
 stature and of body; for in his lyfe tyme his pycture was made in latyn,'' the whiche is 
 yet there. This Gascone* lorde of Bierne had two doughters ; the eldest was maryed 
 to the erle of Arrnynake that was thane, and the yongest to the erle of Foiz, who as than 
 was nephue to the kyng of Aragon, and as yet therle of Foiz beareth his armes, for he 
 discended out of Aragon ; his armes are palle golde and goules : and so it fortuned, that 
 this lorde of Biern had a gret warre agaynst the kynge of Spayne that was than, who 
 came through all Bisquay vV a gret nombre of men of warre to entre into Bierne. The 
 lorde Gascone'' of Bierne, whan he was enformed of his comyng, he assembled people 
 on all sydes, where he might get men of warre, and wrote letters to his two sonnes in 
 lawe, therle of Arrnynake and therle of Foiz, y they shulde come to serue and ayde hym 
 to defende his herytage. These letters sene, the erle of Foiz, as sone as he myght, asse- 
 bled his people, and prayed all his frendes so moche, that he had a fyue hudred knightes 
 and squiers armed, and two thousande varlettes with speares, dartes, and pauesses, all a- 
 fote ; and so he came into the countre of Bierne to serue his father, who had of hym 
 great ioye : and so all they passed the bridge at Ortaise oner the ryuer, and lodged by- 
 twene Sanetere" and thospytall. And the kyng of Spayne, who had xx. M. men, was 
 lodged nat far thens ; and ther the lorde Gascon"" of Bierne, and therle of foiz, taryed for 
 therle of Armynac, and thought euer y he wolde coe, and so taried for hi thre dayes ; 
 and on the iiii. day therle of Armynac sent his letters by an haraulde to the lorde Gas- 
 coine^ of Bierne, and sente hym worde howe he myght nat come, nor howe he hadde 
 nothyng to do to beare armes for the countre of Bierne. Whan the lorde Gascoyne' 
 herde those tidynges of excusacions, and sawe howe he shulde haue none ayde nor con- 
 forte of the Erie of Arrnynake, he was sore abasshed, and demaunded counsayle of the 
 erle of Foiz, and of the other barones of Bierne, howe they shulde maynteyne theselfe. 
 Sir, quod the erle of Foiz, sithe we be here assembled, let vs go and fight with our 
 enemyes. This counsayle was taken : than they ordayned their people, they were a 
 twelfe hudred men of armes and sixe thousande men afote. The erle of Foiz tooke the 
 first batayle, and so came on the kyng of Spaygne and sette on his lodgynges : and ther 
 was a great batayle, and a fierse, and slayne mo than ten thousande spayniardes ; and 
 there therle of Foiz toke prisoners the kynge of Spaygnes sonne and his brother, and 
 sent them to his father in lawe, the lorde Gascoyne^ of Bierne, who was in the arere- 
 garde ; and there the spaynyerdes were so disconfyted, that the erle of Foiz chased them 
 to the porte saynt Adrian** in Bisquay ; and the kynge of Spayne toke the abbey, and 
 dyde on the vesture of a monke, or els he had ben taken. Than the erle of Foiz re- 
 tourned to the lorde Gascone* of Bierne, who made hym good chere, as it was reason, 
 for he had saued his honour and kepte his countre of Bierne, the whiche els was lykely 
 to haue ben loste, bycause of this batayle anddlsconfyture that the erle of Foiz made on 
 the spaygnierdes, and for the takyng of the kynges sonne and brother; and the lorde 
 of Bierne hadde peace with the spaygnierdes at his owne wyll. And whan the lorde 
 Gascoyne' was retourned to Ortaise, there before all the barons of Foiz and Bierne that 
 were there present, he sayd to his sonne of Foiz : Fayre sonne, ye are my true and faith- 
 ful! 
 
 ' Gaston. '' Metal. ' Sauyeterre. '' The gates of St. Andero. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 7i 
 
 full Sonne ; ye haue saued myne honour and my coutrey. The erle of Armynake, who 
 hath maryed myne eldest doughter, hath excused hymselfe fro this busynesse, and wolde 
 nat come to defede myne herytage wherin he shulde haue part; wherfore I saye, that 
 suche parte as he shulde haue by^eason of my doughter, he hath forfait and lost it, and 
 here clerely I enheryte you, my sonne of Foiz, after my dyscease, of all the hoole lande, 
 and to your heyres for euer ; and I desyre, wyll, and commaunde all my subiectes, to 
 scale, accorde,'and agre to the same ; and all answered, howe they were well contente 
 so to do. Thus, by this meanes as I haue shewed you, aunciently the erles of Foiz were 
 lordes of the countre of Bierne, and bare the crye, armes, and name, and had the pro- 
 fyte therof; liowebeit, for all this they of Arminake had nat their clayme quyte : this 
 is the cause of ttie warre bytwene Foiz and Armynake. By my faythe, sir, than quod 
 I, ye haue well declared the mater ; I neuer herde it before, and nowe y I knowe it, I 
 shall putte it in perpetuall memorie, if god gyue me grace to retourne into my countrey ; 
 but, sir, if I durste, I wolde fayne demaunde of you one thynge ; by what insydent the 
 erle of Foiz Sonne dyed t^ tbarie the knyght studyed a lytell and sayd, Sir, the maner of 
 his dethe is right pytuous, I wyll nat speke therof; whan ye come to Ortaise, ye shall 
 fynde the that°wyll shewe you if ye demaunde it. And than I helde my peace, and we 
 rode tyll we came to Morlens. 
 
 Of the great verlimisnesse and largesse that was in therle of Foiz, and the maner of 
 the pytuouse dethe of Gascojie," the erles sonne. 
 
 CAP. XXVI. 
 
 THE next day we departed and roode to dyner to Moutgarbell, and so to Ercye, 
 and there we dranke, and "by sonne setting we came to Ortaise ; the knight alighted at 
 his owne lodgynge, and I alyghted at the Mone, wher dwelte a squier of the erles Er- 
 nalton de Pyne, who well receyued me, bycause I was of Fraunce : Sir Spayne of Leon 
 wente to the castell to therle, and founde hym in his galarye, for he had but dyned a 
 lytell before, for the erles vsage was alwayes, that it was hyghe noone or he arose out of 
 his bedde, and supped euer at mydnight ; the knight shewed hym howe I was come 
 thider, and incontynent I was sente for to my lodgynge, for he was tlie lorde of all the 
 worlde y moost desyred to speke with straugers, to here tidynges. Wban the erle savye 
 me, he made me good chere, and reteyned me as of his house, wher I Avas more than xii. 
 wekes, and my horse well entreated; the acquayntaunce of hym and of nie was, by- 
 cause I had brought with me a boke, whiche I made at the conteplacion of Vmslance of 
 Boesme," duke of Luzenbourge and of Brabant, whiche boke was called the Melyader, 
 conteyninge all the songes, baladdes, rundeaux, and vyrelayes, whiche the gentyll 
 duke had made in his tyme, whiche by imagynacyon I had gadered toguyder, whiche 
 boke the erle of Foiz was gladde to se ; and euery night after supper I reed theron to 
 hym, and whyle I reed there was none durst speke any worde, bycause he wolde I 
 shulde be well vnderstande, wherin he tooke great solace; and whan it came to any 
 mater of questyon, than he wolde speke to me, nat in Gascoyne, but in good and fayre 
 frenche ; and of his estate and house I shall somewhat recorde, for I taryed there so 
 long, that I might well parceyue and knowe moche. This erle Gascone' of Foiz, with 
 whom I was, at y tyme he was of a fyftie yere of age and nyne: and I say I haue in my 
 tyme sene many knightes, kynges, princes, and other, but I neuer sawe none lyke hym 
 of personage, nor of so fayre forme, nor so well made ; his vysage fayre, sanguyne, and 
 ° ^ smylyng, 
 
 ' Gaston, " Winceslaus of Bohemia. 
 
72 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 smylyng, his eyen gray and amorous, wher as he lyst to set his regarde : in euery thyng 
 he was so parfite that he can nat be praised to moche ; he loued that ought to be beloued, 
 and hated that ought to be hated ; he was a wyse knyght, of highe enterprise, and of good 
 counsayle ; he neuer had myscreant with hym; he sayd many orisons euery daye: a'noc- 
 turne of the psalter, matyns of our lady, of the holy goost, and of the crosse, and dirige 
 euery day ; he gaue fyue florens in small money at his gate to poore folkes, for the loue 
 of god ; he was large and courtesse in gyftes ; he coulde ryght well take where it par- 
 teyned to hym, and to delyuer agayne wher as he ought ; he loued houdes of all beestes 
 wynter and somer ; he loued huntyng ; he neuer loued folly, outrage, nor foly larges ; 
 euery moneth he wolde knowe what he spended ; he tooke in his countre to receyue 
 his reuenewes, and to serue him, notable persons, that is to saye, xii. receyuours, and 
 euer fro ii. monethes to two monethes, two of them shulde serue for his receyte : for at 
 the two monethes ende he wolde change and put other two into that ofTyce, and one that 
 he trusted best shulde be hjs comptroller, and to hym all other shulde accompt, and 
 the comptroller shulde accopt to hym by rolles and bokes written, and thaccoptes to 
 remayne styll with therle: he had certeyne cofers in his chambre, out of the whiche 
 ofte tymes he wolde take money to gyue to lordes, knyghtes, and squyers, suche as came 
 to hym, for none shulde departe fro him without some gift, and yet dayly muUiplyed 
 his treasure, to resyst the aduetures and fortunes that he douted ; he was of good and 
 easy acquayntance with euery man, and amorously wolde speke to the ; he was shorte 
 in counsayle and answers ; he had four secretaries, and at his risyng they must euer be 
 redy at his hande without any callynge; and whan any letter were delyuered him, 
 and that he had reed it, than he wolde calle them to write agayne, or els for some other 
 thynge. In this estate therle of Foiz lyued. And at mydnight, whan he came out of his 
 chambre into the hall to supper, he had euer before hym xii. torches brennyng, borne 
 by xii. varlettes standyng before his table all supper ; they gaue a gret light, and the hall 
 euer full of knightes and squyers, and many other tables dressed to suppe who wolde ; 
 ther was none shulde speke to hym at his table, but If he were called ; his meate was 
 lightlye wylde foule, the legges and wynges alonely, and in the day he dyd but lytell 
 eate and drike: he had great pleasure in armony of instrumetes ; he coude do it right 
 "well hymselfe ; he wolde haue songes song before him ; he wolde gladlye se conseytes and 
 fantesies at his table, and whan he had sene it, than he wolde sende it to y other tables: 
 breuely, all this I consydred and aduised. And or I came to his court I had ben in many 
 courtes of kynges, dukes, princes, erles, and great ladyes, but I was neuer in none y 
 so well liked me, nor ther was none more reioysed dedes of armes, than the erle dyde : 
 there was sene in his hall, chabre, and court, knightes and squyers of honour goyng vp 
 and downe, and talkyng of armes and of amours ; all honour ther was founde, all maner 
 of tidynges of euery realme and countre ther might be herde, for out of euery coutre 
 there was resort, for the valyantnesse of this er!e. Ther I was enfourmed of the moost 
 parte of the dedes of armes y was done in Spayne, in Portyngale, in Aragon, in Nauar, 
 in Englande, and in Scotlande, and in the fronters and lymitacions of Laguedocke, for 
 I sawe come thyder to therle while 1 was there, knightes and squyers of all nacyons, 
 and so I was enformed by them, and by the erle himselfe, of all thynges that I de- 
 mauded ; ther I enquired howe Gascon" therles son died, for sir Espayn of Leon wolde 
 nat shewe me any thing therof ; and so moch I enquired, y an aucient squyer and a no- 
 table ma shewed y mater to me, and began thus : True it is, quod he, that the erle of 
 Foiz, and my lady of Foiz his wife, agreeth nat Avell toguyder, nor haue nat done of a 
 long season, and the discorde bytwene the first moued by the kyng of Nauar, who was 
 brother to the lady : for the kyng of Nauar pledged himselfe for the lorde Dalbret, 
 
 whom 
 
 " Gaston. - • - 
 
THE CRONYGLE OF FROISSART. 73 
 
 whom the erle of Foiz had in prisone, Tor the some of fyftie thousande frankes ; and the 
 erle of Foiz, whoknewe that the kyng of Nauarr was crafiie and malycious, in the be- 
 ginnyng wolde nat trust hym, whervv the countesse of Foiz had great displeasur and in- 
 dignacyon agaynst the erle her husbande, and sayd to hym, Sir, ye repute but small 
 honour in the kyng of Nauar, my brother, wha ye wyll nat trust hym for fyftie M. Irankes: 
 thoughe ye haue no more of the armynakes, nor of the labrisyence," than ye haue, it 
 ought to suffyce ; and also, sir, ye knowe well ye shulde assigne out my dower, whiche 
 moutethto fyftie thousande frakes, whiche ye shulde put into the hades of my brother, 
 the kyng of Nauarr ; wherfore, sir, ye can nat be yuell payed. Dame, quod he, ye 
 saye trouthe, but if I thought that the kyng of Nauarr wolde stoppe the payment for that 
 cause, the lorde Dalbret shulde neuer haue gone oute of Ortayse, and so I shulde haue 
 ben payed to the last penny ; and sitlie ye desyre it, I wyll do it, nat for the loue of you, 
 but for the loue of my sonne. So by these wordes, and by the kyng of Nauars obly- 
 gacion, who became dettoure to the erle of Foiz, the lorde Dalbret was delyueredquyte, 
 and became frenche, and was maryed, in Frauce, to the suster of the duke of Burbone, 
 and payed at his ease to the king of Nauar, the some of fyftie thousande frankes for his 
 raunsome, for the whiche somelhe kyng was boude to therle of Foiz, but he wolde nat 
 sende it to the erle. Than the erle of Foiz sayd to his wyfe, Dame, ye must go into 
 Nauarre to the kynge youre brother, and shewe hym howe I am nat well content with 
 hym, that he wyll nat sende me that he hath receyued of myne ; the lady answered, 
 howe she was redy to go at his comaudement : and so she departed and rode to Panpy- 
 lone," to the kynge her brother, who receyued her with moche ioye : the lady dyd her 
 message fro poynt to poynt. Than the kyng answered, fayre suster, the some of money 
 is yours, therle shulde gyue it for your dowre ; it shall neuer go out of the realme ol 
 Nauarr, sithe I haue it in possessyon. Ah, sir, quod y lady, by this ye shall sette great 
 hate bytwene therle my husbande and you, and if ye holde your purpose, I dare nat 
 retourne agayne into the countie of Foiz, for my husbande wyll slee me ; he wyll saye 
 I haue disceyued him. I can nat tell, quod the kyng, what ye wyll do ; outher tarye or 
 departe ; but as for the money, I wyll natdeparte fro it, it parteyneth to me to kepe it 
 for you, but it shal neuer go out of Nauer. The countesse coude haue none other an- 
 swere of the kyng her brother, and so she taryed styll in Nauar, and durst nat retourne 
 agayne. The erte of Foiz, whan he sawe the dealynge of the kynge of Nauar, he began 
 to hate his wyfe, and was yuell content with her ; howebeit, she was in no faute, but 
 that she returned nat agayne whan she hadde done her message ; but she durst nat, for 
 she knewe well therle her husbade was cruell where he toke displeasure : thus the mater 
 standeth. The erles sonne, called Gascone," grewe and waxed goodly, and was rnaryed 
 to the doughter of therle of Armynake, a fayre lady, suster to therle that nowe is, the 
 lorde Bertrande of Armynake ; and by the coniuctyon of that maryage, ther shulde haue 
 ben peace bytwene Foiz and Armynake : the chylde was a fyftene or sixteneyere of age, 
 and resembled right well to his father. On a tyme he desyred to go into Nauar to se his 
 mother, and his vncle the kynge of Nauarr, whiche was in an yuell hour for hym, and 
 for all this countre: whan he was come into Nauarre, he had there good chere, and 
 taryed with his mother a certayne space and than toke his leaue, but for all that he coude 
 do, he coude nat gette his mother out of Nauer, to haue gone with hym into Foiz, for 
 she demaunded if the erle had comaunded hym so to do or no ; and he answered, that 
 whan he departed, therle spake nothyng therof ; therfore the lady durst nat go thider, 
 but so taryed styll : than the chylde wente to Panpylone," to take his leaue of the kyng 
 his vncle ; the kyng; made hym <rreat chere, and taryed hym there a ten dayes, and gaue 
 Vol. II. ^ ° ^ = L to 
 
 * The bouse of Dalbret. '" Pampeluna. ' Gaston. 
 
74 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 to him great giftes, and to his men : also the last gyfte that the kyng gaue hym was his 
 dethe ; I shall shewe you howe. 
 
 Whan this getylman shulde departe, the kyng drewe hym aparte into his chambre, 
 and gaue hym a lytell purse full of poudre, which poudre was suche, that if any crea- 
 ture lyuengdyd cte therof, he shulde incotynent dye without remedye ; than the kyn^e 
 sayd, Gascone,* layre nephue, ye shall do as I shall shewe to you -, ye se howe the erle 
 of Foiz, your father, wrongfully hath your mother, my suster, in gret hate, wherof I 
 am sore displeased, and so ought ye to be ; howebeit, to performe all the mater, and 
 that your father shulde loue agayne your mother, to that entent ye shall take a lytell of 
 this powder, and put it on some meate that your father maye eate it, but beware that no 
 man se you : and as soone as he hath eaten it, he shall entende to nothynge but to haue 
 agayne his wyfe, and so to loue her euer after, whiche ye ought greatly to desyre ; and 
 ot this that I shewe you let no man knowe, but kepe it secrete, or els ye lese all the 
 dede. The chylde, who thought all that the kyng sayd to hym had ben true, sayde. 
 Sir, it shal be done as ye haue deuysed ; and so departed fro Panpylone,'' and retourned 
 to Ortayse; the erle his father made hym good chere, and demaunded tidynges of the 
 kyng of Nauar, and what gyftes he had gyuen him ; and the chylde shewed hym howe 
 he had gyuen hym dyuers, and shewed hym all excepte the purse with the pouder. 
 Ofte tymes this yong Gascone,^ and yuan his bastarde brother, laye toguyder, for they 
 loued toguyder lyke bretherne, and were lyke arrayed and apparelled, for they were 
 nere of a greatnesse and of one age; and it happened on a tyme as their clothes laye to- 
 guyder on their beddes, yuan sawe a purse at Gascons^ cote, and sayd, what thyng is 
 this that ye beare euer about you ? wherof Gascoyne had no ioye, and sayd, yuan, 
 gyue me my cote, ye haue nothyng to do therwith ; and all that day after Gascone* was 
 pensyue. And it fortuned a thre dayes after, as god wolde that the erle shulde be 
 saued; Gascone^ and his brother yuan fell out toguyder, playengat tennes, and Gascone^ 
 gaue hym a blowe, and the chylde wente into his fathers chambre and vvepte, and the 
 erle as than hadde herde masse ; and whan the erle sawe him Avepe, he said, Sonne 
 yuan, what aylest thou 1 Sir, quod he, Gascone"* hath beaten me, but he were more wor- 
 thy to be beaten than I. Why so, quod therle ? and incontynent suspected some thyng. 
 By my faithe sir, quod he, sithe he retourned out of Nauar, he beareth priuely at his 
 brest a purse full of pouder, I wote nat what it is, nor what he wyll do therwith, but he 
 hath sayde to me ones or twyse, that my lady his mother shulde shortely be agayne in 
 your grace, and better beloued than euer she was. Peace, quod the erle, and speke no 
 more, and shewe this to no man lyuenge. Sir, quod he, no more I shall. Than the 
 erle entred into ymaginacyon, and so came to the houre of his dyner, and wasshed and 
 sat downe at his table in the hall. Gascone, "" his son, was vsed to sette downe all his 
 seruyce, and to gyue the sayes f and whan he had sette downe the first course, the erle 
 cast his eyen on hym, and sawe the strynges of the purse hangyng at his bosome ; thaa 
 his blode chauged, and said, Gascone,"* coe hyder, I wyll speke with the in thyne eare ; 
 the chylde came to him, and the erle toke hym by the bosome and founde out the purse, 
 and with his knyfe cut it fro his bosome ; the chylde was abasshed and stode styll and 
 spake no worde, and loked as pale as asshes for feare, and began to trymble ; the erle 
 of Foiz opyned the purse and toke of the pouder, and layde it on a trenchour of bredde, 
 and called to him a dogge and gaue it hym to eate; and assoone as the dogge had eaten 
 the first morsell, he tourned his eyen in his heed and dyed incontynent ; and whane the 
 
 erle 
 
 ' Gaiton, \ Pampeluna. " In the original French, " at faisoit essay de toutea 
 
 ses viandes," i. c. and tasted first all the dishes. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 75 
 
 erle sawe that he was sore displeased, and also he had good cause, and so rose fro the 
 table, and toke his knife and vvolde haue stryken his son : than the knightes and squy- 
 ers ran bytvvene them and said, Sir, for goddes sake haue mercy, and be nat so hastye : 
 be well enformed first of the mater, or ye do any yuell to your chylde : and the first 
 worde that therle said was, A, gascone,' treatonr, for to encrease thyne herytage y 
 shulde come to the, I haue had warre and hatered of the Frenche kyng, of the kyng of 
 Englade, of the kyng of Spayne, of the kyng of Nauar, and of the kyng of Arragon, 
 and as yet I haue borne all their malesses,and nowe thou woldest murtherme ; it moueth 
 of an yuell nature ; but first thou shalt dye with this stroke ; and so stept forthe with his 
 knife, and wolde haue slayne him : but than all the knightes and squyers kneled downe 
 before hym wepynge, and sayd. Ah, sir, haue mercy for goddes sake, slee nat Gascone^ 
 your Sonne, remebre ye haue no more chyldren ; Sir, cause hym to be kepte, and take 
 good enformacion of the mater: paraduenture he knewe nat Avhat he bare, and parad- 
 uenture is nothyng gyltie of the dede. Well, quod the erle, incontynent put hym in 
 prisone, and let hym be so kepte that I may haue a reconyng of hym. Than the chylde 
 was put into the towre ; and the erle toke a great many of them that serued his sonne, 
 and some of them departed : and as yet the bysshoppe of Lascalle'' is at Pan," out of the 
 countre, for he was had in suspect, and so were dyuers other. Therle caused to be put 
 to dethe a fyftene right horribly, and the cause that the erle layde to them was, he sayde : 
 It coulde be none otherwyse, but that they knewe of y chyldes secretes, wherfore they 
 ought to haue shewed it to hym, and to haue said. Sir, Gascone^ your sonne beareth a 
 purse at his bosome ; bycause they dyde nat thus, they dyed horribly, wherof it was 
 great pytie, for some of the were as fresshe and as ioly squyers, as were any in all the 
 coutre, for euer the erle was serued with good men. This thynge touched the erle nere 
 to the herte, and that he well shewed : for on a day he assembled atOrtaise all the nobles 
 and prelates of Foiz, and of Bierne, and all the notable persons of his countrey ; and 
 whan they were all assembled, he shewed theym wherfore he sente for the, as howe he 
 had foude his sonne in this defaute, for the whiche he sayd, his entent was to putte hym 
 to dethe, as he had well deserued. Than all y people answered to that case with one 
 voyce, and sayde. Sir, sauynge your grace, Ave wyll nat that Gascoyne* shulde dye, 
 he is your heyre, and ye haue no mo: and whan the erle herde the people howe they 
 desyred for his sonne, he sowhat refrayned his yre ; than he thought to chastyce hym in 
 prisone a moneth or two, and than to sende hym on some voyage for two or thre yere, 
 tyll he might somwhat forget his yuell wyll, and that the chylde might be of greatter 
 age and of more knowledge. Than he gaue leaue to all the people to depart ; but they 
 of Foiz wolde nat departe fro Ortaise, tyll the erle shulde assure them that Gascoyn' 
 shulde nat dye, they loued the chylde so well: than the erle promysed them, but he 
 sayd, he wolde kepe hym in prisone a certayne space to chastice hym : and so vpon this 
 promyse euery man departed, and Gascone" abode styll in prisone. These tidynges 
 spredde abrode into dyuers places ; and at that tyme pope Gregorie the xi. was at 
 Auygnon. Than he sente the cardynall of Amyens in legacion into Byerne, to haue 
 come to therle of Foiz for that businesse, and by that tyme he came to Besiers, he herde 
 suche tidynges, that he neded nat to go any further for that mater, for there he herde 
 howe Gascon," sonne to the erle of Foyz, was deed. Sythe I haue shewed you so moche, 
 nowe shall I shewe you howe he dyed. 
 
 The erle of Foyz caused his sonne to be kepte in a darke chambre, in the towre of Or- 
 tayse, a tenne dayes ; Ivtell dyde he eate or drinke, yet he had ynoughe brought hym 
 euery daye, but whan he sawe it he wolde go therfro, and sette lytell therby ; and some 
 
 L a sayd, 
 
 .' Gaston. ^ Johnes calls it Lescar. ' Pau. 
 
76 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 sayd, that all the meate that had been brought hym, stode hole and entier the day of his 
 dethe, wherfore it was great marueyle that he lyued so longe, for dyuers reasons. The 
 erle caused hym to be kepte in the chambre alone withoute any company, outher to 
 eousayle or conforte hym ; and all that season the chylde laye in his clothes as he came 
 in, and he argued in himselfe, and was full of malencoly, and cursed the tyme that euer 
 he was borne and engendred, to come to suche an ende. The same day that he dyed, 
 they that serued hym of meate and drinke, whan they came to hym, they sayde, Gas- 
 cone," here is meate for you ; he made no care therof, and sayde, sette it downe there : 
 he that serued hym, regarded and sawe in the prison all the meate stande hole as it had 
 been brought hym before, and so departed and closed the chambre dore, and went to 
 the erle, and sayd. Sir, for goddes sake haue mercy on your sonne Gascone," for he is 
 nere famysshed in prisone ; there he lyeth, I thynke he neuer dyde eate any thynge sythe 
 he came into prisone, for I haue sene there this daye all that euer I brought hym before, 
 lyeng toguyder in a corner : of those wordes the Erie was sore dyspleased, and withoute 
 any worde spekyng, went out of his chambre, and came to the prisone where his sonne 
 was: and in an yuell houre, he had the same tyme a lytell knyfe in his hande to pare 
 withall his nayles ; he opyned the prisone dore, and came to his sonne, and had the 
 lytell knyfe in his hande, nat an ynche out of his hande, and in great dyspleasure he 
 thruste his hande to his sonnes throte, and the poynt of the knife a lytell entred into 
 his throte into a certayne vayne, and sayd, Ah, treatour, why doest nat thou eate thy 
 meate ? and therwith the Erie departed without any more doynge or sayeng, and went 
 into his owne chambre. The chylde was abasshed, and afrayed of the comynge of his 
 father, and also was feble of fastynge, and the poynt of the knyfe a lytell entred into a 
 vayne of his throte, and so fell downe sodaynly and dyed. The erle was scante in his 
 chambre, but the kepar of the chylde came to hym, and sayd. Sir, Gascone," your 
 sonne is deed: deed? quod the Erie: yea, truely sir, quod he. The erle wolde nat 
 beleue it, but sente thyder a squyer that was by him, and he went, and came agayne, 
 and sayd. Sir, surely he is deed. Than the Erie was sore displeased, and made great 
 complaynt for his sonne, and sayd. A, Gascone,"" what a poore aduenture is this for the 
 and for me ; in an yuell hour thou wentest to Nauar to se thy mother ; I shall neuer 
 haue y ioye that I had before. Than therle caused his harbour to shaue hym, and 
 clothed himselfe in blacke, and all his house, and with moche sore wepyng, the childe 
 was borne to the Freres, in Ortaise, and there buryed. Thus as I haue shewed you, 
 the erle of Foyz slewe Gascoyne^ his sonne, but the kynge of Nauar gaue the occasyon 
 of his dethe. 
 
 Howe sir Peter of By erne had a strange dysease ; and of the countesse of Bisquay^ 
 
 his wyfe. 
 
 CAP. XXVII. 
 
 WHAN I had herde this tale of the dethe of Gascone,' sonne to the erle of Foyz, 
 I hadde great pytie therof, for the loue of therle his father, whome I founde a lorde of 
 iiyghe recomendacyon, noble, lyberall, and curtesse, and also for loue of the countrey, 
 that shulde be in great stryfe for lacke of an heyre : than I thanked the squyer, and so 
 departed fro hym ; but after I sawe him dyuers tymes in the erles house, and talked 
 
 often 
 
 * Gaston. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 77 
 
 often tymes with hym. And on a tyme I demauded of hym of sir Peter of Byerne, 
 bastarde brother to therle of Foyz, (bycause he semed to me a knyght of great valure.) 
 wheder he were riche, and maryed or no : the squyer aunswered, and sayd, truely he 
 is maryed, but his wyfe and chyldren be nat in his company ; and why, sir? quod I: 
 1 shall shewe you, quod the squier. 
 
 This sir Peter of Bierne hathe an vsage, that in the night tyme whyle he slepeth, he 
 wyll ryse and arme hymselfe, and dravve out his swerde, and fyght all aboute the house, 
 and can nat tell with whome, and than gothe to bedde aga\ ne ; and whan he is wakynge, 
 his serutiuntes do shewe hym howe he dyde ; and he wolde saye, he knewe nothyng 
 therof, and howe they lyed : sotyme his seruautes wolde leaue non arniure nor swerde in 
 his chabre, and whan he wold thus ryse and fynde non armour, he wolde make suche 
 a noyse and rumoure, as though all the deuylles of helle had beu in his chambre. Than 
 I demaunded yf he had great landes by his wyfe ? yes, truely sir, quod he, but the lady 
 by whom cometh the lande, ioyeth of the profytes therof; this sir Peter of Bierne hath 
 but the fourthe parte. Sir, quod I, where is his wyfe ? sir, quod he, she is in Castell,' 
 with the kynge her cosyn ; her father was erle of Bisquay, and was cosyn germayne to 
 kyng Dampeter,'' who slewe him, and also he wold haue had the lady to haue put her 
 in prisone, and he toke the possession of all the lande, and as long as he lyued the 
 lady had nothynge there ; and it was sayd to this lady, who was countesse of Bisquay, 
 after the dyssease of her father, Madame, saue yourselfe, for kyng Dampeter,'' if he 
 may gette you, wyll cause you to dye, or els put you in prisone, he is so sore displeased 
 •with you, bycause he sayth ye shulde report and beare wytnesse, y he caused the queue 
 his wyfe to dye in her bedde, who was suster to the duke of Burbone, and suster to the 
 frenche queue : and your wordes, (he sayth,) are beleued, rather thane another, bycause 
 ye were preuy of her chambre ; and for this cause, the lady Florens, countesse of Bis- 
 quay, departed out of her countre with a smalle company, as the comon vsage is, to 
 flye fro dethe as nere as men can : so she went into the countrey of Bascles," and passed 
 throughe it, and so came hyder to Ortayse to the Erie, and shewed hym all her aduen- 
 ture. The erle, who had euer pyte of ladyes and damoselles, reteyned her, and so she 
 abode with the lady of Carase, a great lady in his countre. As than this sir Peter of 
 Byerne his brother, was but a yonge knyght, and had nat thanne this vsage to ryse a 
 nyghtes, as he dothe nowe ; the erle loued hym well, and maryed hym to this lady, 
 and recouered her landes : and so this sir Peter had by this lady a sonne and a doughter, 
 but they be with their mother in Castell," who be as yet but yong, therfore the lady 
 wolde nat leaue them with their father. Ah, saynt Mary, quod I, howe dyde sir Peter 
 of Bierne take this Hintasy, First, that he dare nat slepe alone in his chambre, and that 
 whan he is aslepe, ryseth thus and maketh all that besynesse ? they are thynges to be 
 marueyled at. By my faithe, quod the squyer, he hath ben often demaunded therof, 
 but he say the he can nat tell wherof it cometh : the first tyme that euer he dyde so, was 
 the night after that he had ben on a day a huntynge in the wodes of Bisquay, and chased 
 a marueylous great Beare, and y beare had slayne four of his houndes, and hurt dyuers, 
 so that none durst come nere him ; than this sir Peter toke a swerde of Burdeaux, and 
 came in great yre, for bycause of his houndes, and assayled the beare, and fought longe 
 with hym, and was in great parell, and tooke great payne or he coulde ouercome hym ; 
 finally, he slewe the beare, and than retourned to his lodgyng, to the castell of Lague- 
 don,"* in Bisquay, and made the beare to be brought with him : euery man had marueyle 
 of the greatnesse of the beest, and of the hardnesse of y knight, howe he durst assayle 
 the beare. And whane the countesse of Bisquay, his wyfe, sawe y beare, she fell in a 
 sowne, and had great dolour, and so she was borne into her chambre ; and so all that 
 
 day, 
 
 ' Castile. ^ Don Pedro, <= In Verard's edition, " Basques." '' Languedudon, 
 
7S THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 day, the night after, and the nexte day, she was sore disconforted, and wolde nat shewe 
 what she ayled ; on the thirde daye she sayd to her husbande, Sir, I shall nat be hoole 
 tyll I haue been a pylgrimage at saynt James : Sir, I praye you gyue me leaue to o-o 
 thyder, and to haue with me my sonne, and Adrian my doughter : her husbande agreed 
 therto. She toke all her golde, iowels, and treasure with her, for she thought neuer to 
 retourne agayne, wherof her husbande toke no hede : so the lady dyde her pylgrimage, 
 and made an errande to go and se the kynge of Castell," her cosyn, and the queue. 
 They made her good chere, and ther she is yet, and wyll nat retourne agayne, nor 
 sende her chyldren : and so thus the next night that this sir Peter had thus chased the 
 beare and slayne hym, while he slept in his bedde this f atasy toke hym: and it was 
 said, that the countesse his wyfe knewe well, as sone as she sawe the beare, that it was 
 the same that her father dyde ones chase, and in his chasyng, he herde a voyce and 
 sawe nothynge, that sayd to him. Thou chasest me, and I wolde the no hurte ; ther- 
 fore thou shalt dye an yuell dethe. Of this the lady had remembraunce whan she sawe 
 the beare, by that she had herde her father saye before ; and she remembred well howe 
 kynge dan Peter'' strake of her fathers heed, without any cause, and in lykewise she 
 feared her husbande ; and yet she saythe and maynteyneth, y he shall dye of an yuell 
 dethe, and that he dothe nothyng as yet to that he shall do herafter. 
 
 Nowe, sir, I haue shewed you of sir Peter of Byerne, as ye haue demauded of me, 
 and this is a true tale, for thus it is, and thus it befell : howe thynke you, quod he, 
 therby? And I, who mused on the great marueyle, sayde, sir, I beleue it well, that it 
 is as ye haue sayde : Sir, we fynde in olde writyng, that auciently suche as were called 
 goddes and goddesses, at their pleasure wolde chaunge and transforme men into beestes 
 and into foules, and in lykewyse women: and it might be so that this here was before 
 some knight chasyng in the forest of Bisquay, and paraduenture displeased in f tyme 
 some god or goddes, wherby he was transformed vnto a beare, to do there his penaunce, 
 as aunciently Acteon was chauged vnto an hart. Acteon, quod the squyer, I pray you 
 shewe me that storie ; I wolde fayne here it. Sir, quod I, accordyng to the auncyent 
 writynges, we fynde howe Acteon was a iolye and an expert knight, and loued the 
 sporte of huntynge aboue all games ; and on a day he chased in the wodes, and an 
 Harte arose before hym, marueylous great and fayre ; he hunted hym all the daye, and 
 lost all his company, seruauntes, and houdes, and he was right desyrous to folowe his 
 pray, and folowed the fewe of the hart tyll he came into a lytell medowe, closed rounde 
 about with wodes and highe trees ; and in the medowe there was a fayre fountayne, in 
 the whiche Dyana, goddesse of Chastyte, was bayninge herselfe, and her damoselles 
 about her. The knight cae sodaynly on them or he was ware, and he was so farre for- 
 warde, that he coulde nat go backe ; and the damoselles were abasshed to se a strager, 
 and ran to their lady and shewed her, who was ashamed, bycause she was naked ; and 
 whan she sawe the knyght, she sayde, Acteon, they that sente the hyder loued the but 
 lytell: I wyll nat that whan thou arte gone hens in other places, that thou shuldest 
 reporte that thou haste sene me naked, and my damoselles ; and for the outrage that 
 thou hast done, thou mayst haue penaunce ; therfore I wyll that thou be transformed in 
 the lykenesse of the same Harte, that thou haste chased all this daye : and in incoty- 
 nent Acteon was tourned vnto an Harte, who naturally loueth the water. In lyke- 
 wise it might be of the beare of Bisquay, and howe that the lady knewe paraduen- 
 ture more than she wolde speke of at that tyme ; therfore she ought the better to be 
 excused. The squier answered and sayd. Sir, it maye well be. Than we lefte oure 
 talkynge for that tyme. 
 
 Of 
 
 • Castile. ' Don Pedro. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 79 
 
 Of the great solempnetie that the erle oj Foyz made at the fecst of saint J^ycholas; 
 and the tale that the Baslot of Maulyon shewed to sir Johan Frot/ssart. 
 
 CAP. XXVIII. 
 
 AMONGE other solempnities that the erle of Foyz kepte on the hyghe feestes of the 
 yere, he kept euer the fest of saynt Nycholas in great solempnytie, he and all his lande, 
 as great as at the fest of Ester; and this was shewed me by a squier of his house the 
 thirde day that I came hyder, and I sawe it myselfe right well apparent, for 1 was there 
 on the same day. First, all the clergie of the towne of Ortayse, and all the people, 
 men, women, and chyldren, with processyon came to the castell to fetche the erle, who 
 all afote departed fro his castell, and went with the clergy a processyon to the churche 
 of saynt Nycholas, and there the clergy sange a psalme of the psalter, Benedictus 
 dominus deus nieus, qui docet manus meas ad pralinm, et digilos meos ad helluin, ^u 
 and whan this psalme was songe, than they began to syng as they dyde on Christmas 
 day or Eester daye, in the popes chapell or in the Frenche kynges, for he had with hym 
 many syngars ; the bysshoppe of Pauyers" sange the masse ; and there I herde as good 
 playeng at organs as euer I herde in any place: to speke breuely and accordyng to rea- 
 son, the erle of Foiz than was right parfyte in all thynges, and as sage and as parceyu- 
 ing as any hyghe prince in his dayes ; there was none coude copare with hym in wytte, 
 honour, nor in larges. At the feestes of Christmas, whiche he kepte euer right so- 
 lempne, came to his house many knightes and squyers of Gascone, and to euery man 
 he made good chere. There I sawe the Burge of Spayne, who layde the woode and the 
 asse on the fyre toguyder, of whom sir Espayne de Lion shewed of his force, and I was 
 gladde to se hym; and therle of Foiz made hym good seblant: there I sawe also 
 knightes of Aragon, and of Englande, of the duke of Lacastres house, Avho as than laye 
 at Burdeux. The erle made them good chere, and gaue them great gyltes. I ac- 
 quaynted myselfe with those knyghtes, and by them I was enformed of many thynges 
 that fell in Castell, in Nauar, and in Portyngale, of the Avhiche I shall speke of, whan 
 tyme requyreth herafter : and on a day I sawe a squyer of Gascone, called the Bastot of 
 Maulyon, a man of a fyftie yere of age, an expert man of armes and a hardy, be 
 semynge : he alighted at my lodgynge in Ortaise, at the signe of the Moone, at Ernalton 
 de Pyns: he brought with hym his somers and caryages, as thoughe he had ben a great 
 barone, and was serued bothe he and his seruautes in syluer vessell : and whan I herde 
 his name, and sawe therle of Foiz and euery ma do hym so moche honour, than I de- 
 maijded of sir Espaygne de Lion, and sayd, Sir, is nat this the squyer that departed fro 
 the castell of Trygalet, whan the duke of Aniou laye at siege before Maluoysin ? Yes, 
 truely, quod he, it is the same, and he is a good man of armes and a good capitayne : 
 and so than I fell in aquayntaunce with hym, for he was lodged there as I was : and a 
 cosyn of his, called Ernalton, capitayn of Carlate in Auuergne, with whome I was well 
 acquaynted, helped me to be aquainted with him, and in lykewise so dyd the Burge of 
 Compare •}" and at a tyme, as we were talkyng and deuysinge of armes, sytting by the 
 fyre abyding for mydnight, that therle shulde go to suppe^r, than this squiers cosyn 
 began to reken vp his life, and of the dedes of armes that he had ben at, sayeng howe he 
 had endured as moche losse as profite. Than he demaunded of me, and sayd, sir John, 
 haue ye in your hystorie any thyng of this maters that I speke of? and 1 answered and 
 said, I coude nat tell tyll I here the : shewe forthe your mater, and I wyll gladly here 
 
 you; 
 
 • Paumieis. * Copare. 
 
80 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 you, for paradueture I haue herde somwhat, but nat all. That is true, quod the 
 squyer ; than he began to saye thus : The first tyme that I bare armure was vnder the 
 captall of Beufz," at y batayle of Poylers, and as it was my happe, I had that daye thre 
 prisoners, a knight and two squiers, of whoe I had one with another four C. thousande 
 frakes. The next yere after I was in Pruce,'' with the erle of Foyz and the Captall his 
 Sonne," vnder whom I was ; and at our retourne, at Meulx'' in Brye, we founde the du- 
 chesse of Normandy that was than, and the duchesse of Orlyance, and a great nombre of 
 ladyes and damoselles, who were closed in and besieged by them of the Jaquery ; and if 
 god had nat helped the, they had ben enforsed and defouled, for they were of great puis- 
 sance, and in nobre mo than ten thousande, and the ladyes were alone : and so we, in y ayde 
 of those ladyes, dyd sette on the, and there were slayne of the Jaquery mo than sixe thou- 
 sande, and they rebelled neuer sythe. At y tyme it was truse bytwene Fraunce and 
 Englande, but the kyng of Nauar made warre in his own quarell agaynst the frenche 
 kyng and Regent. The erle of Foiz retoui ned into his owne countre, but my maister 
 the captall, and I, and other, abode styll with the kyng of Nauar for his wages : and than 
 we and other that ayded vs made great war in Frauce, and specially inPicardy, and 
 toke many townes and castelles in the bysshoprike, these of Beauuoise and Amyens ; 
 and as than we were lordes of the feldes and ryuers, and conquered great fynance. 
 And whan the truse fayled bytwene Englande and Fraunce, than the kyng of Nauarre 
 seased his warre, and toke a peace bytwene the Regent and hym. Than the kyng of 
 Englande, with a great puyssance, passed the see, and came and layde siege to the 
 towne of Remus/ Than the kyng of Englade sent for my maister, who was at Clere- 
 mont in Bearaoysin,' and there made warre for the kynge agaynst all the countrey: 
 than we came to the kyng of Englande and to his chyldren. And than, quod the 
 squyer to me, Sir Johan, I thynke ye knowe allredy all that mater, and howe the kyng 
 of Englande wedded his wife, and howe he came before Charters, and howe the peace 
 was made there bytwene these two kynges. That is true, sir, quod I ; in writyng I haue 
 it, and the contynue of all the treaties. Than the Bastot of Maulyon spake agayne and 
 sayde : whan this peace was thus made bitwene these two kynges, it was ordayned that all 
 men of warre and companyos shulde avoyde and leaue their fortresses and castels that 
 they helde : than all maner of men of warre and poore companyons drewe toguyder, 
 and the capitayns tooke counsayle what they shulde do ; and than they sayde : thoughe 
 these two kynges haue taken peace toguyder, yet we muste lyue. Than they Avente into 
 Burgoyne, and there were capitayns of all nacyons, Englysshe, Gascons, Spanyardes, 
 Naueroise, Almayns,^ Scottes, and of all maner of nacyons, and there I was as a capi- 
 tayne ; and there we foude in Burgoyne and about the ryuer of Loyre of our copany a 
 xii. thousande of one and other, and in the same copany ther were a thre or four thou- 
 sade of good and chosen men of warre, and as subtell in all dedes of armes as might be, 
 and apte to aduise a batayle, and to take their aduantage, and as hardy to scale and 
 assayle towne or castell ; and that was well sene at y bataile of Brinay, wher as we ouer- 
 thrue the costable of Frauce and therle of Forestz, and two thousande speares, knightes 
 and squiers. This bataile dyd great profile to the copanyons, for before they were but 
 poore, and than they were all riche, by reason of good prisoners, townes, and castels 
 that they wan in the bisshoprike of Lion and on the ryuer of Rone : and whan they had 
 the pont saynt Esprite, they departed their warre, and made warr to the pope and to 
 the cardynalles, who coude nat be quyte of them, nor had nat ben, tyll they founde 
 another remedy. The pope sent into Lobardy for the Marques of Moutferant, a right 
 valyant knight, who had warre with the lorde of Myllayne. Wha he was come to 
 Auignon, the pope and the cardynals spake to hym in suche wyse, that he entreted with 
 
 the 
 
 " Buch. * Prussia. • His Cousin. *■ Meaux. ' Rheinis. ' Beauvoisin. 
 
 • Germans. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 8i 
 
 the capitayns, Englysshe, gascons, and almayns," for threscore thousande frakes, that 
 the pope and cardynals shulde pay to certayne of these capitayns and to their copanyes, 
 as sir Johan Hastourde,'' a valyant englysshe knyght, sir Robert Briquet, Carsuell, nan- 
 don le bagerant, the bourge Camus, and dyuers other, and so than went into Lobardy, 
 and ffaue vp y pout saynt Esprite: and of all their routes, they toke but the vi. parte ; 
 but we taried behynde, sir Seguin of Batefoile, sir John ioell," sir James Plachyn, sir 
 Jolm Aymery, the burge of Piergourt,'' Espiot, Loys Rabalt, Lymosyn, Jaques tryturell," 
 I, and dyuers other : and we kepte styll, and lay at saynt Clement, at Barell, at Terrare, 
 at Brinay, at the pont saynt Denys, at thospitall of Ortifart, for we had mo than xV for- 
 tresses and houses, in the countreis of Forestz, Velay, base Burgoyn, and on the ryuer 
 of Loyre ; and we rausomed all the coutre, they coude nat be quyte of vs, nother for 
 payrio^ well nor otherwise : and in a night we toke the fortiesse of Charite, and liiere we 
 abode a yere and a halfe, and all was ours fro Charite to Puy in Auuergne. Sir Seguyn 
 of Batefoile had lefte his garison of anse, and helde Bride,^ in Auuerne, wherby he had 
 gret profite, what there and in the coutre, to the value of a C. M. frankes : and on the 
 ryuer of Loyre to Orlians, and the ryuer of Dalyer," was all ours: and the archprest, 
 who was capitayne of Neuars, and was good frenche, coude nat remedy the countre, 
 but in that he knewe many of the copanyos, and so by his desyre sotyme the lesse hurte 
 was done : and the archprest dyd the same tyme moche good in Neuernoise, for he caused 
 f cite of Neuers to be closed, els it had been ouerron and robbed diners tymes ; for we 
 had in those marches, townes, and castelles, mo than xxvi. There was neyther knight, 
 nor squyer, nor riche man, without he were agreed with vs, that durst loke out of his 
 house : and this warre we made in the tytell of the kyng of Nauar. 
 
 Howe dyuers capitayns, englisslie and oilier, tuere discqfiled before tlie tort'ne of Scixerc 
 
 by tlie frenchmen. 
 
 CAP. XXIX. 
 
 IN the same season fell the balayle of Cocherell, where the captall of Beufz' was 
 capitayne for the kyng of Nauar, and dyuers knightes and squyers of our company 
 went to hym. Sir Jaques Planchyn and sir Johan Joel' went to serue hym with two 
 hundred speares. The same season I kept a castell, called the Becke Dalyer, nere to 
 Charyte, goyng towarde Barbanoise, and I had vnder me a xl. speares, and I made in 
 the countre mylles" greatly to my profyte, about saynt Purcyn and saynt Peter de mous- 
 tier. And whan I herde howe the captall my mayster was in Constantyne, and assembled 
 men of warre, for the great desyre that I had to se hym, I departed fro my garyson with 
 a xii. speares, and I fell in company with sir Johan Joell" and sir Jaques Planchyn, and, 
 without any busynesse or reencounter, we came to the captall. I thynke, sir Johan, ye 
 haue allredy the knowlege what became of that busynesse. That is true, quod I, for 
 .there Avas taken the captall of Beufz," and sir Johan JoelP slayne and sir Jaques Plan- 
 chyn. That is true, quod the Batefoyle' of Maulyon : there I was also taken ; howe- 
 beit, I fortuned nietely well: ther was a cosyn of myne, who was called Bernard of 
 Terryde, he dyed after in Portyngale, at the batayle of Juberot;" and this Bernarde, 
 
 Vol. II. M who 
 
 ' Germans. *> Hawkwood. "^ Jewell. ^ Perigord. ' Tiittel. 
 
 f Ix. ^ Brioude. ^ AUier. ' Buch. ' The translator has strangely 
 
 inis>inderstood this passage. It is in the French, "en la marche de Moulins;" i.e. "in the country 
 
 about Moulins." ' Bastot. '" Aljubarrota. 
 
52 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 who was as than vnder sir Aymenon of Pomyers, he toke me and rausomed me in the 
 I'elde at a tho'usande fi ankes, and gaue me a good sauecoducte to retourne to my garyson 
 of Bee Dalyer. Assoone as I came to my castell, I sent a seruaunt of myne, with a 
 thousande fiankes, to my cosyn to Parys, and had my quytaunce for the same. The 
 same season, sir Johan Aymery, an Englisshe knight, and the greattest capitayne that 
 we had, rode forthe, costyng the ryuer of Loyre to come to Charite, and he was encou- 
 tred by a busshment of the lorde Rugemot and the lorde of Wodnay^^ and by some of 
 the archprestes men : they were farre stronger than he, and so there he was taken and 
 ouerthrowen, and raunsomed to a xxx. thousande frankes, which he payed incontynent. 
 Of his takyng and losse he was sore displeased, and sware that he wolde neuer entre 
 into his owne garyson tyll he had won agayne as moche as he had lost. Than he as- 
 sembled togyder a great nombre of companyons, and came to Charyte on Loyre, and 
 desyred the capitayns ther, as Lamyt"" and Carsuell, and the burge of Piergourt" and 
 me, for I was there as than to sporte me: ther he desyred vs all to ryde forthe with 
 hym: we demaunded of hym wheder he wolde ryde? By my faythe, quod he, we 
 wyll passe y ryuer of Loyre at saint Thybalte, and lette vs scale and assayle the towne 
 and castell of Saxere ; for, quod he, I haue sworne and auowed, that I wyll nat entre 
 into no fortresse that I haue, tyll I haue sene the chyldren of Sanxere ; and if we maye 
 gette that garyson, and the erles chyldren within, John, Loys, and Robert, than we shall 
 be well reuenged, and therby we shal be lordes of the countre ; and I thynke we shall 
 lightly come to oure entent, for they take no hede of vs, and this lyeng styll here dothe 
 vs no maner of profyte. That is true, sir, quod we ; and so all we promysed to ryde 
 with hym, and incontvnent we made vs redy : and so it fortuned y all oure purpose 
 was knowen in the towne of Sanxere. The same tyme ther was there a capitayn, a va- 
 lyant squyer of Burgoyne, of the lowe marchesse, called Guyssharte Albygon, who 
 toke great hede to kepe well the towne and castell of Sanxer, and the chyldren within. 
 This sir Guysshart had a moke to his brother, of the abbey of saynt Thybalt, whiche is 
 nere to Sanxere : this monke was sent to Charyte on the ryuer of Loyre for his brother, 
 to beare a certayn rausome thider y the townes owed by couynant: so we toke no hede 
 to him, and he knewe all our ententes, howe I can nat tell, and all our names that 
 were capitaynes there, and what nombre we were of, and what houre we shulde departe, 
 and howe we were determyned to passe the ryuer at the porte of saynt Thybalte : and so 
 he retourned and went to Sanxere, and shewed his brother all oure myndes. Than 
 therle there and his bretherne prouyded for remedy, and they sente for knightes and 
 squyers of Berry and Burbonoyse, and to the capitayns and garysons therabout, so that 
 they were a foure hundred speares of good men of v/arre, and made a busshment of two 
 hundred speares without the towne of Sanxere, in a wode: and we knewe nothyng of all 
 this, and at the sonne goynge downe, we departed fro Charyte, and rode a good pase 
 tyll we came to Penly,'' and at the porte there, we hadde redy bootes and barges, to 
 passe vs ouer and oure horses : and so we paste ouer the ryuer of Loyre, as we had or- 
 dayned, and we were ouer by mydnight ; and bycause y daye came on, we ordayned a 
 hundred speares to abyde there to kepe oure horses and bootes, and the reniynaunt 
 ofvs passed forthe foreby the frenche busshment. Whan we were paste a quarter of a 
 myle, than they brake out of their busshment, and rode to them that we had lefte be- 
 liynde vs at the ryuer syde: and anone they had disconfyted them and all slayne or 
 taken, and our horses wonne, and the botes arested ; and than they mounted on our 
 horses, and came after vs on the spurres, and were as soone in the towne as we: they 
 cryed, our ladv of Saxere ; for the erle was there hymselfe with his men, and his bre- 
 therne, sir Loyes and sir Robert, had made the busshement. So thus we were inclosed 
 
 on 
 
 I Vendelay. ^ Ante, " La Niiyt," ^ Perigord. t Peully, or Preully. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 83 
 
 on all partes ; for they a horsbacke, assoone as they cae to vs, they alighted afote and 
 assayled vsfiersly: and the thynj^e that moost greued vs was, we coude nat enlarire 
 ourselle to fight, we were in suclie a narowe waye, closed on bothe sides with hay, 
 hedges, and vyngardes, and also some of our enemyes, suche as knewe the coutre, were 
 rydden about and gette into the vyngardes, and dyd hurt vs sore with castyng of stones, 
 and we coude nat go backe, and moche payne to gette to the towne, it stode so hygli un a 
 moutayne: so we were sore traueyled, and sir John Aymery was hurt, our souerayne 
 capitayn, by the hades of sir Guysshart Albygon, who toke hym prisoner, and had 
 moche ado to saue his lyfe ; he put hym into a house in y towne, and made hym to be 
 layde on a bedde, and sayd to the owner of the house, kepe well this prisoner, and se 
 his woundes staunched, for if he lyue, he shall paye me xx. thousaude iiankes: and so 
 sir Guysshart lefte his prisoner, and retourned to the batayle, and quylle hymselfe lyke 
 a good man of armes. And there was \V the chyldren of Saxere, come thider to their 
 ayde and to the countreis, sir Guysshart dalphyn, the lorde Marney, sir Gerarde and sir 
 Wylliam Burbone, the lorde of Cousant, the lorde de la Pier, the lorde de la Palys, the 
 lorde of Neutry,* the lorde de la coise,'' and the lorde of Syette,' and dyuers other. 1 
 say sir to you, this was a batayle right fell and cruell : we defedc-d ourself as long as we 
 might, so that on bothe partes there were slayne dyuers persones, and many hurte, for 
 by that they shewed they had rather haue taken vs alyue than to slee vs ; and finally we 
 were all taken, Carsayle launt,'' Nandon, le bourge de Pyergourt,' Espyot, theburge of 
 Lespare, Augerot le moutgyse, Philypye of Roe, Peter of Corthue,' the Pesat of Paly- 
 uiers,- the bourge of Darusen,'' and all our capitayns, and I myselfe, and we were 
 brought to the castell of Saxere. Neuer before in the realme of Fraunce the companyons 
 lost so moche as they dyde at that iourney ; howebeit, Guysshart Albygon loste his pri- 
 soner by neglygence : he bledde so sore, that he dyed for defaute of lokyng vnto. 
 Thus ended Johan Aymery, by this iourney that was thus done besyde Sanxere. Cha- 
 ryte was delyuered, and all the garysons therabout, by composycion, that we shulde be 
 quyte out of piison ; and so we had saueconducte to departe out of the countre whider 
 we lyst : and it fortuned as than for vs, that the same season sir Bertram of Clesquy,' 
 the lorde of Beayne,'' sir Arnolde Daudrehen, and the erle of Marche, they toke their 
 voiage to go into Spaygne, to ayde the kyng Dampeter ;' but first I was in Bretayne, at 
 the bataile of Alroy,"" vnder sir Hughe Caurell ;" and there I recouered my losse, for 
 the iourney was ours, and I hud to my parte good prisoners, by whotn I had two M. 
 frankes. Than I went with ten speares, with sir Hugh Caurell," into Spayne, and there 
 helped to put kyng Dampeter' out of his realme: and than whan y alyances were made 
 bytwene the kyng Dampeter' and the prince of Wales, and that he wolde abyde in 
 Castell, I was there in the company of sir Hugh Caurell," and I retourned with hym 
 into Acquitayne. Than the warre renewed bytwene the frenche kyng and the prince: 
 than we had moche ado, for we had sore warre, and many capitayns, englysshe and Gas- 
 coyns, were slayne, and yet, I thake god, I am alyue. Ther dyed sir Robert Briquet, 
 bytwene the lande of the duke of Orliance and the countre of Bloyse, in a place called 
 Oliuet, and there he and all his company were ouerthrowen by a squyer of Heynalt, a 
 valyant man of armes and a good capitayne, called Alars Doustienes, surnamed Bar- 
 bason, for he was of that lynage ; he was as than gouernoure of Bloys, and kepar of all 
 the countre, sette there by the lordes therof, as Loys, Johfi, and Guy. So it was his 
 fortune to encoutre with sir Robert Briquet and sir Robert Cheney ; and they and all 
 their copany were slayne, for ther were non taken to raunsome: and at the batayle of 
 
 JVI 2 Nyorlhe 
 
 •^ Perigord. 
 ' Beaujeu. 
 
 Neutey. 
 
 '' Croise. *^ Sicete. — Johnes. 
 
 '' Carsuelle, la Nuj t. 
 
 Corthon. 
 
 ' Paumiers. •> D'Armesen. 
 
 ' Guesclin. 
 
 
 ' Don Pedro. '" Aurai. 
 
 ' f'alverley. 
 
S4 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 Nyorthe in Xayntain,' Carsuell was slayne by sir Bertram of Clesquy," and a seuyn C. 
 englysshmen were slayne there ; and at saint Seuere were slayne other englysshe capi- 
 tayns, as Rychard Elys and Richarde Helyn : I knewe but fewe except myselfe but y 
 were slayne. I haue holde fronter and made warre for the kyng of Englade, for myne 
 herytage lyeth in Burdelois. Somtyme I haue been so ouerthrowen and pulled downe, 
 that I had nat wherwith to lepe a horsbacke; and another tyme I haue been riche 
 ynough, whan good fortunes came : and in a season I and Raymonet de la Pee were 
 companions togyder, and we had in Tholousyn, on the froters of Bygore, the castell 
 of Maluoysin, the castell of Trygalet, and the castell of Vateulx,' whiche as than dyde 
 vs great profyte. Thane the duke of Anion toke them fro vs, by force of puyssaunce, 
 but than Raymonet de Pee tourned Frenche, and I abyde styll good englisshe, and shall 
 do whyle 1 lyue ; true it was, whan I had loste the castell of Trygalet, and was co- 
 ducted to the castell Cuyllet, and that the duke was gone backe agayne into Fraunce, I 
 determyned to do somwhat, outher to gette some prolyte, or els to lose all, or to dye in 
 the payne. I caused by spyall the towne and castell of Thury in Albygois to be well 
 aviewed, whiche castell after aueyled to me, what by good fortunes and patesfyeng"* of 
 the countrey a hundred thousande frankes. I shall shewe you howe I wanne it. 
 
 Without the towne there is a fayre foutayne, and of vsage euery mornynge the 
 women of the towne wolde come thyder with pottes and other vesselles on their 
 heedes, to fetche of the clere water ther. Than I toke fyftie copanyons of the garyson 
 of Cuillet, and we rode all a daye throughe wodes and busshes, and the nexte night 
 about mydnight I sette a busshment nere to Thury, and I and a sixe other, all onely, 
 dyde on vs womens aray, and with pottes in our handes ; and so we cae to a medowe 
 right nere to y towne, and hydde ourselfe behynde great cockes of hay that were there 
 standyng, for it was about the feest of salt Johan, Avhan they make hay : and whan the 
 hour came that the gate was opyned to lette the women go out for water, Ave seuyn toke 
 our pottes, and fylled them at the fountayne, and wente towarde the towne, oure faces 
 wrapped in kerchers, so that we coude nat be knowen : the women that we mette goyng 
 for water said to vs, Ah, saynt Mary, gosseppes, ye were vp be tymes ; we aunswered 
 in their language with a faynt voyce, that is true, and so paste by them and came to the 
 gate, and we founde nobody there but a souter, dressynge forthe of his baggage. Than 
 one of vs blewe^ home, to drawe thyder our copany out of the busshment. The souter 
 toke no hede ; but whan he harde y home blowe, he demauded of the, What is this? 
 Who was that blewe the home? One answered and sayd, It was a preest wente into 
 the feldes. Ah, that is true, quod the souter ; it was sir Frauces, our preest ; gladly 
 he gothe a mornynges to seke for an hare. Than our company came, and we entred 
 into t!ie towne, where we' foiide no man to drawe his swerde to make any defence. 
 Thus I toke the towne and castell of Thury, wherby I haue had great profile yerely, 
 more than the castell of Trygalet with the appiirtenauce, is worthe: but as nowe I wote 
 nat what to do, for I am in a treatie with therle of Armynake and with the dolphyn of 
 Aunergne, who hath expresse authorite by the Frenche kyng to bye all townes and 
 fortresses of the companyons, such as they holde in their handes whersoeuer they be, 
 outher in Auuergne, Rouergue, Lymosyn, Q_uercy, Pyergourt," Albegois, Agen, and of 
 all suche as hath or dothe make any warre in the kyng of Englandes tytell ; and many 
 are departed and haue rendred their fortresses: I cannat tell if I wyll rendre myne or 
 nat. With that worde, sayd the Burge of Compayne,' Cosyn, it is true ; for of Carlat, 
 whiche I holde in Auuergne, I am coe hyder to here some tidynges, for sir Loys of 
 
 Sanxere, 
 
 Xaintonge. '' Guesclin. ' Nantilleux. '' Making compositions. 
 
 ' Perigoril. ' Copaire. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 8.5 
 
 Sanxere, marshall of Price, wyll be here shortely ; he is as nowe at Tarbe, as I haue 
 herde of suche as come thens. With these wordes, they called for wyne, and dranke. 
 Than the Bastot sayd to me, sir Johan, are ye well enformed of my lyfe? yet I haue 
 had other aduetures, whiche I haue nat shewed, nor wyll nat speke of all. Su', quod 
 I, I haue well herde you. 
 
 Howe a squyer, called Lhnosin, turned frenche ; and howe he caused Loys Rainbalt," 
 his companyon in armes, to be taken. 
 
 CAP. XXX. 
 
 THAN a^ayn I demaunded of hym where Rambalt," an expert squier and a great 
 capitayne of me of warr, was becoe ; bycause I sawe him ones in Auignon in great 
 aray. I shall shewe you, quod the Bastot of Maulyon. In tyme past, whan sir Seguyn 
 of Batefoyle helde Bride^ in Velay, a ten myle fro Puy in Auuergne, and thai he had 
 made warre in the countre, and conquered moche, than he retourned into Gascon, and 
 gaue to Eoyes Rabalt," and to another c5panyon of his, called Lymosin, Bride" and 
 Anse, on the water of Some:' the countre as than was so desolate and full of copanyons 
 in euery corner, y none durst go out of their houses j^ and bitwene Bride" in Aauerne 
 and Anse is more than xxvi. myle, a coutie full of moutayns : and whan Loyes Rambalt' 
 wolde ryde for his pleasure fro Bride" to Anse, he rode without doute or feare, for he 
 helde dyuers fortresses in the countie of Forestes and therabout, wher he relVesshed 
 hym; for as tha the gentylmen of Auuergne, of Forestes, ofVelaye, and the fronters, 
 were sore traueyled, and ouer layde with the warre: they were so taken and raunsomed, 
 that they doughted the warre ; for there was none of the great lordes ot Frauce that 
 sente any me'^n of warre into the coutre, for the frenche kynge was yonge, and had 
 moche ado in dyuers partes of the realme, for in euery parte the companyos and com- 
 panyes rode and dyd moche hurte, so that the realme coude nat be quyte of the ; and 
 also dyuers of the lordes of Fraunce were in Englande in hostage, and in the meane 
 season their countreys and men were pylled and "robbed, and had no remedy, for the 
 men of the countre were without corage to defende themselfe: and so it was that Ram- 
 balte* and Lymosin, who were companyons in armes, fell out: I shall shewe you 
 howe. 
 
 Loyes Rambalte' had at Bride" a fayre woman to his louer, whome he loued parfitely ; 
 and whan he rode fro Bride" to Anse, he comaunded Lymosin to take good hede to her: 
 and Lymosin, who was his companyon in armes, and in whome he moost trusted, he 
 toke so good hede to the damosell, that he had his pleasure of her whan he lyste, so that 
 Loyes Rambalte' was enfourmed therof, and he coude suffre it no lengar ; so that he 
 toke suche a hate agaynsl his companyon, that he caused hym to be taken by his ser- 
 uauntes, and made hym to be driuen all naked, saue a breche, about the towne, and 
 beaten with scourges, and trupettes to be blowen before him, and at certayne places his 
 dede to be openly cryed, and than banisshed the towne lyke a treatour, and in a symple 
 cote, putte out. This dispyte dyd Loyes Rambalte" to Lymosin, whiche dispyte Lymo- 
 sin toke greuously, and sayd, howe he wolde be reueged if euer it laye in his power, as 
 he was anone after: and this Lymosin, whyle he was in prosperite, in ridyng bytwene 
 Bride" and Anse, he euer forbare the landes of the lorde of Voult, dwellyng on the 
 
 ryuer 
 
 " Raimbaut. '' Brioude. ' Saone. 
 
86 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 ryuer of Rone, for he had serued him in his youthe. Than he thought to go to hym, 
 and to crye hym mercy, and to desyre hym to make his peace in Fraiice : and so in his 
 cote afote, he went to Voulte, for he knewe ryglit well the way, and so went into a house; 
 and whan he sawe his tyme, he wente to the casteli, and the porter wolde iiat sufTre hym 
 to entre, but at last he spake so fayre, that the porter dyde lette him in, and comaunded 
 hym to go no farther in wont he were comaunded, and he obeyed. Whan the lorde 
 was vp, he went downe into tlie court to sporte hym, and so came to the gate: than 
 Lymosin felle downe on his knees, and sayde, sir, do ye nat knowe me ? By my faythe, 
 quod the lorde, no ; he thought lytell it shulde haue been Lymosin : and wlian he had 
 Avell aduysed hym, he sayd, Thou resemblest well Lymosin, who was ones my seruaunt. 
 Sir, quod he, Lymosin I am, and your seruaunt : than he cryed him mercy for all 
 thynges paste before, and shewed hym fro poynt to poynt all his busynesse, and howe 
 Loyes Rambalte" had dalte with hym at the ende. Than the lorde sayd, Lymosin, is it 
 as thou sayest, and that thou wylte becoe good frenche? I shall make thy peace. By my 
 faith, sir, quod he, I neuer dyde so moche hurte to the realme of Frauce, but I shall do 
 agayne more profyte therto. That wolde I se gladly, quod the lorde of Voult. The 
 lorde kept him in his house tyll he had made his peace in euery place, and wha Ly- 
 mosin myght in suretie ryde, than the lorde of Voult armed hym, and brought hym to 
 the seneshall of Velay, and acquaynted hym there; and tlier he was examyned of the 
 state of bride'' and of Loyes Rambalte," and whan he rydeth, what waye he taketh : and 
 than he sayd, Whan Loyes rydeth, he hath nat with him past a xxx. or a xl. speares, 
 and the wayes that he kepeth I knowe them by harte, for with hym and without hym I 
 haue rydden them ofte tymes ; and, sir, if ye wyll sende forthe a company of men of 
 armes, on ieopardy of my heed, ye shall haue him within fyftene dayes. The capi- 
 tayns ther toke hede to his sayeng, and sent out spyes, and Rarabaulte" was spyed as he 
 was rydinge fro Bride'' to Anse besyde Lion, on the ryuer of Rone. Whan Lymosin 
 knewe it, he shewed it to y lorde of Voult, and sayd. Sir, Loyes Rabalte" is nowe at 
 Anse, and at his retournyng I shall bring you to a streight, wher as he must nedes 
 passe by. Than the lorde of Voult made an assemble, and was capitayne hymselfe, 
 and sente for the bayly of Velay, the lorde of Mountclan," sir Gerarde*^ of Salyers and 
 his Sonne, sir Plasearf" of Vernet, the lorde of Newcastell,' and for other men of armes 
 therabout, so that he was a thre C. speares ; and they all assembled at Nonnay, and, by 
 the cousaile of Lymosin, they made two busshmentes: the vicout of Polygnac and the 
 lorde of Chalencon had the rule of the one, and the lorde Voulte and the lorde of 
 Mount Clan' had the guydynge of the other busshment, and with them sir Loyes of 
 Tornon and the lorde of Salyers; and they hadde equally deuyded their company. 
 The firste company kepte the pase nere to saynt Rambart^ in Forestes, wher as Loyes 
 Rambalte^ shulde passe the ryuer of Loyre, or els he muste haue gone by Guyde'' or 
 Pynne : and whan Loyes Rambalt'' had done that he came for to Anse, he departed 
 with a xl. speares, and thought nat to haue any rencounter, and douted nothynge of 
 Lymosin ; it was the leest thought he had ; and lightely euer the way that he rode out- 
 warde he wolde nat come honiewarde : and as he came outwarde, he cae by saynt Ram- 
 balte,^ and at his retourne he toke another waye, and toke the mountayns aboue Lyon 
 and aboue Vyenne, and vnder the Burge Darlentall,' and rode streyght towarde the 
 Mounastier, a thre lytell myle fro Puye ; and he hadde passed bytwene the casteli of 
 Monestrole and Mountfaucon, and so came aboute the countre, towarde a vyllage called 
 Batery, bytwene Nonnay and saynt Julyane ; and in the wode there was a streyght pas- 
 sage, 
 
 " Eaimbaut. '' Brioude. "^ Montclare. " Guerrot. ' Plouserat. 
 
 J ViUeneuve. ' Rambut. '' " A gue au dcssus du Puj/;" at a forrt above Piiy. — Lyons' edit. 
 
 ' The village of Argenthal. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 87 
 
 sage, whiche he muste nedes passe, or els to go by Nonnay, at whiche streight laye the 
 lorde of Voult with two hundred speares ; and Loyes Ramlxilt' toke no hede tyll he was 
 amono- them. Than the Lorde of Vouhe, who was redy to do his enterprise, layde the 
 speare in the rest, and came cryinge, la Vouite, and dasshed in among the companyons, 
 who rode abrode withoute good araye ; and so at the first metyng many of them were 
 ouerthrowen to the erthe, and Loyes Rabaulle' was stryken fro his horse by a sqnyer of 
 Aiiuergne, called Amblardon, and so he toke hym prisoner, and all other taken or 
 slayne,°none scaped : and ther they foude in boiettes a thre M. frankes, whiche Loyes 
 Rabalte' had receyued at Anse, for trybute of certayne vyllages therabout, wherof they 
 Avere giadde, for euery man had his parte. And whan Lymosin saweRambalt' thus trapped, 
 he came before hym, and sayd in reproche, Loyes, Loyes, here fauleth company : re- 
 membre ye of the blame and shame that ye dyde put me to at Bride" for your maystres ? 
 I wolde haue thought lytell for a woman, ye wolde haue put me to that ye dyd; for Jf 
 ye had done as moche to me, I wolde nnl haue been so angry, for two suche copanyos 
 in armes as we were, myght haue past our tyme well ynoughe with one woman. With 
 those wordes the lordes laughed ; but Loyes Rabalt" had no sporte therat. By the 
 takyng thus of this Loyes Rabalte," Bride" was delyuered to the seneshali of Auuergne, 
 for after they had lost tlieir capitayne and the chefe men they had, they wolde kepe it 
 nolegar; and in lykewise so dyde they of Anse, and other fortresses in Velay and 
 Forestes, that was on their parte ; for they within any of these fortresses were right 
 ioyouse to yelde vp their holdes, to suue their lyues. Than Loyes Rabalte" was 
 brought to Nonnay, and there set in prisone, and the IVeche kyng had great ioye of his 
 takyng, and, as I herde reported, he was beheeded at Newcastell' besyde Auygnon. 
 Thus Loys Rambalt' dyed ; god haue mercy on him. Thus, sir, quod the Bastot of 
 Maulyon, I haue holde you widi talkyng, to passe awaye the night ; howbeit, sir, all 
 that I haue said is true. Sir, quod I, with all my herte I thanke you ; Sir, I trust your 
 sayenges shall nat be loste ; for, sir, and god suffre me to retourne into myne owne 
 countre, all that I haue herde you saye, and all that I haue sene and founde in my 
 voyage, I shall put it in remembraunce in the noble cronycle that the erle of Bloys 
 hath set me awarke on ; for I shall write it and cronycle it by the grace of god, to the 
 entent it shal be in parpetuall remembraunce. Than the Bourge of Compayne," called 
 Ernalton, began to speke, and wolde gladly that I shulde parceyue by hym that he 
 wolde I shulde recorde his lyfe, and of the Bourge Englysshe his brother, and howe 
 they had done in Auuergne and in other places ; but as than he had no leysar, for the 
 Tvatche of the castell sowned to assemble all me that were in the towne to come vp to 
 the Castell, to suppe with the erle of Foiz. Thanne these two squyers made them 
 redy, and lyghted vp torches, and so we wente vp to the Castell, and so dyde all other 
 knightes and squyers that were lodged in the towne. 
 
 Raimbaut. " Brioude. " Villeneuve. " Copairc, 
 
 Of 
 
S8 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 Of (he slate or ordynaunce of the etie of Foijz, and howe the towne of yroit rebelled., 
 for the great Iraueyle, damage, and outrage that was don thereto. 
 
 CAP. XXXI. 
 
 OF the astate and order of the erie of Foiz can nat be to moche spoken nor praysed ; 
 for the season y I was at Ortaise, I foude liym suche, and moche more than I can speke 
 of; but whyle I was there, I sawe and herde many thynges that turned me to great 
 pleasure. I sawe on a Chrislemas day, sytting at his borde, four bysshoppes of his 
 countre ; two Clementynes and two Vrbanystes : the bysshoppe of Pamyers and the 
 bysshoppe of LescaUe,''Clementynes, they satte highest: than the bysshoppe of Dayre" 
 and the bysshop of Rone"* on the fronters of Burdeloys and Bayon, Vrbanestes : than 
 satte therle of Foiz, and than the vycount of Roquebertyn of Gascone, and the vycount 
 of Brunyquell, the vycount of Josseraut,= and a knight of Englad of the duke of Lan- 
 casters, who as than laye at Narbone, the duke had sent hym thyder ; the knight was 
 called sir Wyllyam Wylloughby. And at another table satte fyue abbottes and two 
 knightes of Arragon, called sir Raymonde de Mount fiorentyne and sir Marten de 
 Ruane. And at another table satte knightes and squyers of Gascone and of Bigore : 
 first, the lorde of Daychin,' than sir Gaylart de la Mote, sir Raymode of Newcastell,^ 
 the lorde of Chamot, Gascone, the lorde of Compane,'' the lorde de la Layne, the lorde 
 of Mountferant, sir Wylliam Bernarde, sir Peter of Gorton, the lorde of Valenchyn, 
 and sir Aungalle, named the Basell: and at other tables, knightes of Bierne a great 
 nobre : and the cheife stewardes of the halle were sir Espaygne of Leon, sir Siquart de 
 Boyes Verdune, sir Nonnans of Nonnallys,' and sir Peter of Vaulx of Bierne ; and the 
 two Erles bastarde bretherne serued at y table, sir Ernalton Guyllame and sir Peter of 
 Byerne : and the erles two sonnes, sir yuan of Leschell was shewer, and sir Gracyen 
 bare his cuppe. And there were many Mynstrelles, as well of his owne as of 
 straungers, and eche of them dyde their deuoyre in their faculties. The same day 
 therle of Foiz gaue to harauldes and mynstrelles the some of fyue hundred frakes, and 
 gaue to the duke of Tourayns mynstrelles, gownes of clothe of golde furred with Ermyns, 
 valued at two hundred frankes. This dyner endured foure houres. Thus I am gladde 
 to speke of the erle of Foyz, for I was there in his house a xii. wekes, and well entreated 
 in all thynges ; and whyle I was there, I might lerne and here tidynges of all countreis; 
 and also the gentyll knyght, sir Espaygne of Leon, in whose company I entred into the 
 countre, he caused me to be acquaynted with knyghtes and squyers, suche as coude de- 
 clare to me any thyng that I coude demaunde; for I was enformed of the busynesse of 
 Portingale and of Castell, and what maner of warre they had made, and of the batayls 
 and rencounters bytwene those two kynges and their assysters, of whiche busynesses I 
 shall make iuste report. 
 
 Ye haue herde here before howe kynge don Johan of Castell hadde besieged the 
 castell of Luxbone,'' and the king Johan of Portyngale therin, whom the good townes 
 had crowned to their kyng for his valyantnesse, howebeit, in dede he was a bastarde: 
 and also ye haue herde how the same kyng sende into Englande to the duke of Lan- 
 castre and to the erle of Cambridge, who had in maryage his cosyns, to haue socour of 
 the. These messangers were two knyghtes and a clerke, sir Johan Radyngos and sir 
 
 John 
 
 ' Santaren. '" Lescar. " Ayre. '' Rou. " Gousserant. ' D'Anchin. 
 
 ' Chateau-nevif. ^ Copaiie. ' Nonvans de Nouvailles. ^ Lisbon. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 89 
 
 JohnDore,' and with them a clerke lycensiate in the lawe, arche deaken of Lysbone. 
 These messangers dyd so moche by the see, that they came to Hampton," and there 
 taryed a daye,*and there gate horses, for they had none of their owne, and so rode to 
 London. This was in the moneth of August, and the kyng was in the marches of 
 Wales a huntyng at his pleasure, and his vncles, the duke of Lacastre, therle of Ca- 
 bridge sir Edmonde, and sir Thomas erle of Buckyngham, were also in their owne 
 countreis a sportynge, wherfore the kyng of Portyngales messangers had more to do: 
 so first they spake with the duke of Lancastre, who was at Hertforde, a twentie myle 
 fro London ; the duke receyued them ioyously, and opyned y letters that they brought 
 him, and the duke reed them thre tymes, the better to vnderstande the, and than he 
 sayd, Sirs, ye be right welcome into this countre, but ye be come in the worst tyme of 
 the yere to haue sp*dy delyuerauce of your ambassade, for the kyng and my bretherne 
 
 shal be shortely at London, or therabout, and than we shall take cousayle toguyder ; 
 wherfore as nowe ye shall retourne to London, and whan my brother is come nere, ye 
 shall haue tidynges fro vs. The ambassadours of Portyngale were content, and so re- 
 tourned to London, and were well lodged and toke their ease. The duke of Lancastre 
 forgate nat that they had sayd to hym, "and so incontynent wrote to his brother therle of 
 Cambridge of that busynesse : and whan therle had reed his brothers letters, he pre- 
 pared hymself and rode to Hertforde, besyde Ware, wher the duke was, and there 
 they were thre dayes togyder in cousayle, and so ordayned to go to London, as the 
 duke had promysed to the ambassadours ; and so_ they came to London. Than these 
 two lordes, and they of Portyngale, had great cousayls bytwene them, for the erle^ of 
 Cibridge, who had 'ben before in Portyngale, was nothyng cotent with kyng Feranf^ of 
 Portyngale last deed ; for he sayd, he made his warre but slackely, and also agaynst the 
 wyll of hym and all the Englysshmen, he toke peace with the spanyerdes: wherfore the 
 erle sayd, he had doute that at the counsayle at Myghelmas, the comontie wolde nat 
 agre lightly to make another vyage into Portyngale, for the iourney thyder before had 
 cost greatly the realme of Englande, and no profyte therby. The ambassadours coceyued 
 well the erles wordes, and sayde. Sir, than was than, and nowe is nowe ; the kyng, 
 whom god pardon, redouted greatly y fortunes of the worlde, but the kyng our mayster 
 that nowe is, hath another mynde and ymaginacion : for if he fynde in the felde his ene- 
 myes, thoughe he be lesse of power, yet he wyll gyue the settyng on, whatsoeuer fall 
 therby, and this sir, we dare faythfuUy assure you ; and my lordes, besyde that, your 
 quarell is clere to ouerron and to conquere the realme of Castell, for the enherytauace 
 parteyneth to you and to your wyues, and to your chyldren ; and to conquere it, ye 
 cannat haue so good an entre into Castell, as by Portyngale, sythe ye haue all that 
 realme according'therto ; therfore sir, and one of you wyll come thyder with suche a 
 sufTycient nombre, and by the ayde ye shall haue there, ye shal be able to kepe the 
 felde. The duke of Lancastre answered. Sirs, this lyeth nat in vs, but in the kyng and 
 in the realme, but we shall do oure good wylles, ye niaye be sure tlierof. Thus they 
 ended their counsavle, and the portyngalois laye styll at London, abydyng Mighelmas ; 
 and the duke of Lancastre, and the erle of Cambridge, returned into their owne coun- 
 treis on the marches of the Northe. Than came Myghelmas, and the parlyament at 
 Westmynster, and the kynae approched and came to Wyndesore, and so to Chertsey, 
 and the queue with hym, and than to Stanes, and also his chefe ol counsayle, the erle 
 of Oxenforde :'' for by him euery thyng was done, and without hym, nothynge. The 
 Vol. II. N same 
 
 • Testa d'oro. " Southampton. ' Ferdinand. ' Oxford. 
 
90 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 same season there was in Flanders, bytwene the duke of Burgoyne, and the gautoise, 
 ffreat warre. And ther were newly retourned out of Flaunders into Englande, the 
 bysshoppe of Norwiclie, sir Hugh Caurell,* sir Wylliam Helman, sir Thomas Tryuet, 
 and other, who had in the same somer ben at the siege with the gauntoise before Ipre; 
 than came the frenche kyiig and closed them in, in Burbonoise, (as is rehersed here be- 
 fore i this hystorie.) but as than there was truse bytwene Fraunce, Englande, and Flaun- 
 ders, to endure tyll mydsomer after, but the scottes had moche to do. Also there was 
 at London the counsayle of Gaut, and they desyred to haue a gouernour to helpe to sus- 
 tayne the kepyng of their towne ; they desyred one of the kynges vncles, or els the erie 
 of Salisbury. So at this counsayle at London there were many counsayls, as well for 
 the flemynges, as for Portyngale, and Scotlande, who made the warre. The duke of 
 Lancastre drevve to that parte that he might haue a nobre of men of warre and archers, 
 to go into Portyngale ; and he shewed the lordes, prelates, and comons, howe they 
 were all bounde by faythe and othe, to ayde hym and his brother to Wynne the herytage 
 in Castell, and that he sayde, they promysed, whan the kyng his nephue was crowned, 
 and it apered by their letters sealed ; and moreouer, the duke complayned hym howe 
 they of the realme dyd hym and his brother wronge, in that whan his brother therle of 
 Cambridge was in Portyngale, that they kepte but smally the couynaunt that they had 
 promysed ; for he sayd, it was promysed to sende to hym thider two thousande speares, 
 and as many archers, and nothyng was done, wherby their quarell of the right of their 
 enherytaunce was greatly hyndred. The dukes wordes were well harde, as it was rea- 
 son ; and the moost notablest persons of y counsayle said, howe he had right to speke as 
 lie dyd ; howebeit, they sayd, that the busynesses of the realme that touched them nere, 
 must first be preferred : some wolde that his wyll shulde haue ben accomplysshed, and 
 some other said, that it shulde be a great outrage to sende out of the realme two thou- 
 sande men of warre, and four thousande archers, to so long a iourney as ito Portugale, 
 for the fortunes of the see be daiigerous, and the ayre of Portyngale marueylous bote ; 
 sayeng, that if the realme of Englande shulde lese suche a company, it shulde be a do- 
 mage irrecuparable ; howebeit, all thynges alledged, finally it was ordayned, that the 
 duke of Lancastre shulde passe the See with seuyn hudred speares, and four thousande 
 archers, and euery man payed for a quarter of a yere ; howebeit, they reserued, that 
 yf any accydent touchynge the realme of Englade, by the meanes of Frauce or Scotlande, 
 shulde happen to falle before their departure into Portingale, than to tary : the duke 
 agreed therto, sythe he sawe it wolde be none otherwyse. And than, as ye haue herde 
 before, whane the duke of Lancastre was redy with all his men at Hampton,'' to take 
 his vovage into Portyngale, and that the ambassadurs were retourned, and had brought 
 worde into Portyngale, howe the duke of Lancastre was comyng with suche a nombre 
 of men of warre, than the portyngalois had great ioye. So it fortuned than that a lette 
 fell in Englande, whiche taryed the duke of Lancastre for a season, for the admyrall of 
 Fraunce, sir Johan of VIen, with a thousande speares of good men of armes, toke 
 shippyng at Scluse, and sayled into Scotlande, and made warre into Englande, so 
 that all the realme came to resyst the. AH this is shewed here before in this hystorie, 
 wherfore I nede nat to speke therof agayne, but I wyll speke of the siege of Lisbone, and 
 of the kynge of Spayne, of whome 1 shall make true relacyon, accordynge as I was 
 en formed. 
 
 Kynge don Johan of Castell beyng at siege before Lisbone, tidynges came into his 
 boost, by maixhuuntes of his countrey that came fro Flaunders, howe the duke of Lan- 
 castre, with a great nombre of men of warre, were comynge thyderwarde to reyse the 
 
 siege 
 
 ; Calverley, '' Southampton. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 91 
 
 siege ther ; these tidynges were well beleued, for the spanyardes knewe well howe the 
 duke of Lancastre wolde do his payne and dilygence to make warre on the realme of 
 Castell, bycause he claymed part therof by the ryght of his vvyfe ; howebeit, the kyng 
 helde styll his siege, and he had sent messangers and letters to haue ayde out of Frauce, 
 and specially he sent into the coiitre of Bierne, and into the lande of the erle of Foiz ; 
 and out of Byerne there issued in a four dayes respyte, a thre hundred speares of chosen 
 men of armes : and there was come to Ortaise, out of the realme of Frauce, to go into 
 Castell, to serue y king there, Sir Johan of Rue, burgonyon, and sir Geffray Richon, 
 breton, and sir Geffray de Partenay, and eche of the had a company by themselfe. 
 Than they of Bierne made the redy, as the lorde of Lynguasshe,^ a great barone, and 
 companyon to the erle of Foiz, and sir Peter Lyer, sir Johan de Les pres, the lorde of 
 Bordes, sir Bertrande of Baruge, the lorde of Moriage,'' sir Raymonde Dausac, sir 
 Johfi of Salagre, sir Monan of Saruen," sir Pyer of Robier, sir Stephyn of Valentyne, 
 and sir Raymonde of Rarasse, sir Peter of Hanefan, sir Ogert of Domesson, and dyuers 
 other; and sir Espayngnolet of Spaygne, eldest sonne to sir Roger of Spaygne, cosyn 
 of lygnage and armes to the erle of Foiz, he went in tlie company of them of Bierne. 
 These lordes and knightes of Bierne made their assemble at Ortaise, and therabout : and 
 it was shewed me, by' them that sawe them departe fro Ortaise, howe that they were the 
 best armed and apoynted company, that wente out of Byerne many a daye before. 
 And whan the erle of Foiz sawe surely howe they wolde departe to go into Spaygne, 
 (thoughe at the begynnynge he somwhat consented therto, and that they shulde receyue 
 the kyng of Castelles wages,) yet he was angry and soroufuU of their departyng, for he 
 sawe well that his countre was sore febled therby: than he sent sir Espaygne de Leon, 
 and sir Cabestan, to these sayd lordes, knightes, and squyers, desyringe them to come 
 toguyder to his castell of Ortaise, to the etitent to gyue iheym a dyner to their farewell. 
 The knightes obeyed, as it was reason, and came to Ortaise to se the erle, who receyued 
 them with gladde chere ; and after masse caused the all to come to him into his secrete 
 chambre ; and than in maner of counsayle he said to them, sirs, it is than your ententes 
 to departe out of my countre, and to leaue in my handes the warre with the erle of Ar- 
 mynake, and ye to go and make warre for the kyng of Spayne ; this departure toucheth 
 me right nere. Sir, quod they, we muste nedes go, for to that entent we haue receyued 
 y kyng of Castels wages ; and sir, the warre bytwene Spayne and Portyngale ones at- 
 chyued, than we shall retourne agayne in sauegarde ; atchyued, quod therle, nay nat 
 so soone, for as nowe it dothe but begyn, for there is a newe kynge in Portyngale, and 
 he hath sent for ayde into Englande : therfore this warre is likely to endure a long season, 
 and ye to kepe the felde, for ye shall nat be fought with, tyll the duke of Lancastre 
 and his copany be come thyder, and so ye shall derely bye the wages ye haue receyued. 
 Sir, quod they, sythe we haue done so moclie we must nedes parforme our voyage ; 
 well, god spede you, quod the erle, let vs go to dyner, it is tyme : and than therle Avith 
 these lordes and knightes went into his hall, and there the tables were. There they had 
 a great dyner at great leaser, and was serued with euery thyng that to that day parteyned. 
 And after dyner, therle ledde with hym all this copany into the galarye ; than he en- 
 tred into comunyng with them, and sayd, Fayre lordes and frendes, it shall greue me 
 to se your departynge out of my countre, nat for that I am dyspleased with your auaunce- 
 mentes and honours, for in all cases I wolde gladly augment and exalte your honours 
 and profyte ; but I haue great pytie of you, for ye are the chefe flour of chiualry of my 
 countre of Bierne, and ye thus to go into a straunge countre ; I wolde cousayle you yet 
 agayne to leaue this voyage, and to let the kynge of Castell, and the kynge ol Portyn- 
 gale, make their warre bytwene theymselfe, for ye are nat bounde none otherwyse : Sir, 
 
 N 2 quod 
 
 " Lingnach. ^ Marciage. ' Mouvant de Sarinen. 
 
92 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 quod they, sauynge your displeasure, we can nat do thus ; and sir, ye knovve more 
 than ye speke of; we haue taken wages and gyftes of the kyng of Castell, wherfore we 
 must nedes deserue it : Well, quod therle, ye speke well, but I shall shewe you what 
 shall come of this vyage: outher ye shall retourne so poore and so naked, that lyse shall 
 stragle you," or els ye shall be all slayne or taken. Theknightes began to laughe, and 
 sayd, Sir, we must abyde the aduenture. Than therle fell ni othertalkyng, and lefte 
 that in rest ; and that than he shewed them, in maner of communycasion, all the nature 
 of the Spanyardes, howe they be sluttysshe and lousy, and enuyous of other mennes 
 welthe, wherfore, quod he, I reed you take good counsayle : and than he demaunded 
 for wyne and spyce, and he made euery ma drinke, and than toke euery man by the 
 hande, and badde them farewell, and departed fro the and went into his chambre. And 
 at the fote of the castell the knightes mouted on their horses, and so rode to Sanetere,'' 
 and ther lodged that night : and the nexte day they departed, and entred into the lande 
 of Baseles,"^ and toke the waye to Panpylone,'' and they passed surely, for they payed 
 truely for all that they tooke. And in the same season, whyle the kyng laye in Lisbone, 
 and had layen there the space of a yere, than they of the towne of saynt yrayne^ re- 
 belled agaynst y kyng of Castell, and closed their gates, and sayde, that nother French 
 nor spaynisshe shulde entre into their towne, bycause of the domage that they had done 
 to them, and oppressyons: and some sayd, it was in the faute of Geffray Rycons com- 
 pany, and sir Parteney, who had a copany of brelons, who toke euer that they mi<xht 
 gette, for they set nothyng by peace. Than the cytezins toke the two castelles, and sayd, 
 how they wolde kepe them and their towne agaynst all persons that wolde do the any 
 hurte. And the same day that they rebelled, they slewe mo than threscore bretons, 
 and had nere slayne sir Geffray Partenay, but that he saued hymselfe vnder y walles of 
 the towne y were nere his lodgynge. Than the frenchmen and bretons that were there, 
 fiersly assauted them of saynt yrayne,* but they lost more than they wonne, and so dyd 
 nothynge. These tidynges came into the boost to the kyng of Castell, howe that they 
 of saynt yrayn' were tourned portyngalois, and howe they were in mynde to delyuer 
 the towne and castelles to the kyng of Portyngale : of whiche newes the kynge was nat 
 content, and called to hym his marshall, sir Raynolde Lymosin, and said, take a hun- 
 dred or two hundred speares, and go to salt yrayne," and knowe why the men of the 
 towne do rebell, and what occasion they haue to do as they haue done. So the marshall 
 rode forthe, and with hym a two hundred speares, and came to saynt yrayne :'' and he 
 sent before hym an haraulde to shewe them of his comyng, and howe he wolde speke 
 with them at the barryers ; and so he dyde his message, and it was answered hym by 
 the of the towne, sayeng, Sir haralde, we knowe right well Sir Raynolde Lymosin is a 
 gentylman, and a valyant knight, and is marshall with the kyng: he may right well 
 come hyder, if it please hym, vnarmed into the towne, or els nat: this was all the mes- 
 sage that the haralde brought to his mayster. Thaiie sir Raynolde sayd, I am nat come 
 hyder to do the any domage, but to knowe their ententes ; it is all one to me, to entre 
 armed or vnarmed, to knowe their wylles : and so he, and sixe with hym, rode thyder 
 vnarmed, and lefte all his copany behynde hym ; and so he alyghted before the bar- 
 ryers, and whan they within sawe him in that estate, they opyned the gate and re- 
 ceyued him into the towne, and made hym good chere ; and than he assembled the 
 people in the market place, and sayde. Sirs, all ye that dwell in this towne, take hede 
 what I saye ; I am sente hyder by the kynge of Castell, to demaunde of you for what 
 entecion ye do rebell, and close your gates, and haue slayne of them that be come hyder 
 
 to 
 
 " And shall grow between your nails, Csliewing them hy his gestures of rubbing the two palms of his hands 
 
 together, xvhat he meant.)" — Johnes ; with whom also' the Lyons' edition agrees. 
 Sauvetere. ' Biscay. ." Pampeluna. ' Santarem. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 93 
 
 to serue the kynge ; knowe for troulhe, the kyng is sore displeased with you, and also 
 he is enfourmed, howe that ye haue taken in possessyon the two castelles of this towne, 
 whiche parteyneth to his enherytaiince, and liowe tiiat ye wyll delyuer them to his ad- 
 uersary, the kyng of Portyngale. Than ihey aunswered and sayd, Sir Raynolde, sau- 
 yno^e the kynges grace, we aVe nat so disposed, nor to rendre them to any mannes 
 handes, but to oui'kynge, the kynge of Castell, of wliome we holde them, so that he 
 gouerne vs in peace and iustice ; and y we do, or haue done, was in y faut of these 
 robbers and pyllers the bretons, who were lodged in this towne, for yf we had been 
 sarazyns or worse people, we coulde nat haue ben worse dalte withal 1 than we were, as 
 in rauysshinge of our wyues and doughters, breakynge vp our coffers, and breakynge 
 out of the heedes of our vessel les of wyne, beatynge and meamynge of vs, whan we speke 
 any worde to them ; therfore it can nat be marueyled, (whan we sawe these outrages 
 done to vs and to ours, by the that shulde defende vs,) though we were displeased; 
 men wyll be displeased for lesse cause ; Sir, ye maye shewe all this if it please you, for 
 we be of one accorde, that whosoeuer come, we wyll receyue into our towne nother 
 frenche nor breton, nor none but the kynges oAvne persone, with suche as shall please 
 hym, so that Ave be nat traueyled nor putte to vyolence. Whane sir Raynolde herde 
 them saye so, he was apeased, for it semed to hym, that they dyd no Avronge to putte 
 out of their towne their enemyes ; and than he sayde, O, ye good people, 1 haue well 
 herde you, and well vnderstande you : ye shall abyde in peace, and I wyll retourne to 
 the kynge, and shewe hym all that ye haue sayd, and in good faythe I shall do for you 
 as moche as in me is possyble to do: Sir, we thanke you, quod they, and we trust in 
 you, that if the kyng haue any yuell informacyon of vs, y ye wyll be oure good meane. 
 And than sir Raynolde tooke his leaue and departed, and retourned to his company, 
 who abode for hym in the feldes. And so he rode tyll he came to the boost before 
 Lisbone, and lyghted at his lodgynge, and wente to the kynge, and shewed hym 
 all that he hadde harde and founde with the of yrayne/ Whan the kyng knewe 
 the trouthe, he sayd, by my faythe they haue done wisely, for no man can be sure of 
 thes robbers. 
 
 And whan sir Geffray Richone, and sir Geffray Partenay, and their companyes, sawe 
 howe they coulde haue none other remedy of them of saynt yrayne," and that the kynge 
 of Castell dissymuled with them, they were sore displeased, and sayd among themselfe, 
 we haue well lefte the realme of Fraunce to come hyder, to serue the kyng of spayne, 
 thus to be shamed and domaged by a sorte of villayns, and we can haue no right; we 
 trust shortly hyder wyll come a sorte of knightes of Gascone ; we wyll suffre tyll they 
 come, and than we wyll all agree togyder, and reueng our companyons that they haue 
 slayne and yuell entreated. Tidyna;es came into ihe boost to the kyng and to his coun- 
 sayle, that the bretons sore manasshed them of saynt yrayne," and maketh their auaunte, 
 that the Gascoyns ones coe, howe they shulde derely paye for that is done ; wherfore 
 the kyng was counsayled to departe fro the siege, and to go and refresshe hym a season 
 at saynt yrayns,^ and to selte the mater in a good waye, and so ther to tary the comyng 
 of the gascoyns, of whome there were a foure hundred speares of good men of warre ; 
 wherof they kynge was ioyfull, and wolde nat that they shulde fynde the coutre in 
 trouble at their comynge ; and also moche of his people desyred to refresshe theym, for 
 there they had layen longe, and nothynge done : than it was commaunded euery man 
 to dislodge, and to drawe towarde saynt yrayne :^ than the spanyardes dyslodged, and 
 all other, and so came into the marchesse of saynt yrayne." Whan they of saint yrayne* 
 knewe howe the kynge of Castell was comyng towarde their towne, they ordayned twelfe 
 
 men, 
 
 ' Santarem." 
 
94 THE GRONYGLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 men, the most notablest persons of their towne, to mount on their horses : and so they 
 dyde, and rode tyll they came where the kynge was, to knovve his pleasure ; and the 
 kynge was alighted vnder the shadowe of Olyue trees, to refresshe hym, for the great 
 heate that was than ; and this was a two ieages fro saynt yrayne ;' and there was sir 
 Raynolde Lymosin, marshall of the hoost, who knewe of their comynge, and so he was 
 present by the kynge whan they came and kneled downe, and said as foloweth : 
 
 Howe the kyng of Caslell lefle the siege of Lisbone : and howe they of saynt yrayne' 
 
 excused themselfe. 
 
 CAP. XXXII. 
 
 RIGHT redouted prince, and noble kynge of Gastell, we are come hyder to youre 
 presens, sende fro the poore comynaltie of youre poore towne and bayliwike of saynt 
 yrayne." To the it is gyuen to vnderstande, howe ye be greatly with them displeased ; 
 and sir, whcder it be thus, or shal be, right redouted sir, the faute came nat by them, 
 but by reason of the iniuryes and oppressyons that the bretons hath done to the, suche 
 as were in their towne ; Sir, all their yuell dedes can nat come to knowledge ; sir, we 
 blame nat the maysters, squiers, nor knightes, nor capitens, but all onely them that 
 dyde vs hurte ; for sir, these pyllers and robbers, bretons, haue doone with vs suche 
 dedes, that it were marueyle to thynke or to recorde it ; Sir, they helde a season in sub- 
 lectyon the towne and countre about saynt yrayne," so that we herde of theym many 
 great complayntes ; and sir, in the dispyte of vs, they wolde breake vp oure cofers, and 
 take all that we had, and vyolate our wyues and our doughters before our faces, and 
 whan we spake any worde, we were beten, maymed, or slayne ; in this pouertie we 
 were a two monethes or more ; Avherfore right redouted and noble kynge, Ave besech 
 your grace, if we haue displeased you for this cause, or for any other, that it maye 
 please you that we may haue true iustyce and laufull informacyon, and to maynteygne 
 vs m our ryght, as ye promysed and sware to vs, to kepe vs in our lyberties, the first 
 tyme we sware you kynge in the towne of saynt yrayne ;" sir, ye shall do great almesse 
 on vs ; for sir, whan ye be come thyder, we truste in you and in your counsayle to be 
 suche noblenesse, that the towne of saynt yrayne" shall be opyned agaynst your comynge : 
 and that it may please your grace, your poore people there cryeng for mercy, and com- 
 playnynge of their iniuryes and oppressyons done to them, that youre royall maiestie, 
 and your noble counsayle, wyll graunt them grace and remyssyon of that is paste, and 
 to remedy their wronges. The kyng stode styll a lytell, and sir Raynolde Lymosin 
 kneled downe, and said, Dere sir, ye haue herde your people of saynt yrayns" com- 
 playnt, shewyng what hath ben don to them, wherfore may it plase you to answere 
 them : Raynold, quod the kyng, we knowe well they had a iuste cause to do as they 
 dyde ; go to them and bydde them ryse and go their wayes to saynt yrayne," and make 
 redy for my comyng, for ther we wyll lye this night ; and also, shewe the howe they 
 shal be well niaynteyned in their right. Than sir Raynolde rose and went to the, and 
 sayd. Sirs, aryse, the kyng hath well conceyued your sayeng, ye desyre but right and 
 iustyce, and that ye shall haue ; go your wayes, and apparell as ye ought to do the 
 towne of saynte yrayns" agaynst the kynges comyng, and do so that he may gyue you 
 thake : your maters shall come well to passe, by suche meanes as ye shall haue in your 
 ayde : Sir, quod they, we thanke you. Than they toke their leaue of the kyng, and 
 
 retourned 
 
 ' Santarem. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 95 
 
 retourned to their towne, and shewed all that they had herde of the kyng, and the an- 
 swere that sir Raynolde Lymosin made them on the kynges behalfe, wherot' all they of 
 the towne were gladde : than they apparelled their towne richely agaynst the kynges 
 comyng, and strawed the stretes with fresshe grene herbes : so the kyng entred in 
 the euenyng, and lodged at the caslell called the Lyon, and his men in the towne 
 as many as might, and the moost parte in the feldes, and in the villages therabout; 
 ther the kyng was well a moneth : and so y mater stode, for if they had done more, 
 more had they lost. 
 
 Of the marueylous batayle that luas at Juberoth," hytwene the kynge of Castell, and 
 
 kj/ng Johan of Porli/rigale. 
 
 CAP. XXXIII. 
 
 WHYLE the kynge of Castell was at salt yrayns,'' ther come to hym the gascons 
 ofBierne, with a fayre copany ; sir Raynolde Lymosin rode to receyue them, and wel- 
 comed them ryght swetely, as lie that coulde right well do it, and brought the to the 
 kyng, who had great ioye of their comynge, and comaunded sir Raynolde Lymosin to 
 se them well lodged at their ease : and he dyde so that they were contented : thus these 
 busynesses rested, and the kyng laye styll at saynt yrayns,'' and his people there about. 
 The kynge of Castell hadde as than abrode lodged in the feldes, and therabout, a four 
 thousande men of armes, and xxx. thousande of other ; and on a daye he called the 
 barones of Fraunce to counsayle, to knowe their myndes, howe he shulde metayne forthe 
 his warre, for he had iayen at great cost before Lisbone, and had done nothynge ; and 
 surely if the gascoins had nat come and encoraged the kynge, he had departed fro saynt 
 yrayns,^ and gone outher to Bergus," or into Gal ice, for his people were sore anoyed to 
 lye so longe in y feldes : whan the knyghtes of Fraunce, and of Bierne, were come be- 
 fore the kynge, he sayde, Fayre sirs, ye be all good men of warre, wherfore I wolde 
 haue your cousavle, howe I may maynteyne my warre agaynst the lysbonoyes and 
 portyngaloyes, that haue kepte me here in the felde a yere, and yet I haue done no- 
 thynge to them ; I had thought to haue gotte them out of Lisbone to haue fought with 
 them, but they wolde in no wyse issue out, wherfore my people gyue me counsayle, to 
 gyue euery man leaue to departe to their owne houses, wherfore I pray you gyue me 
 youre aduyse. The knyghtes of Fraunce, and of Byerne, who were but newely come, 
 and desyred armes, and as than had nothynge done, thynking to deserue their wages 
 that they had receyued, aunswered and sayde, Sir, ye be a puyssant man of landes, 
 and lytell costeth you the payne and traueyle of your people, and specially sithe 
 they be in their owne countrey : we wolde nat saye so moche yf they were in a 
 straunge countre clene without prouysion ; but as nowe we saye, they ought nat to gyue 
 you any suche counsayle, for they be here in as great ease, as we se, as though they 
 were at home ; Sir, we saye to you nat in maner of a determynate cousayle, for ye are 
 wyse ynough, but we thynke by your highe prudence, the best were to chuse as yet to 
 kepe the felde : ye maye well kepe it tyll the feest of saint Michaell, and paradueture by 
 that tyme your enemyes wyll assemble togyder, and drawe out into the felde whan ye 
 take leest hede therto, and so tha without fayle they shal be fought withall ; Sir, we 
 haue great desyre to wyn sowhat, for this iourney hath cost vs moche, and great payne 
 and traueyle, bothe to ouxself and to our horses, or we came into thiscoutre ; therfore, 
 
 sir, 
 
 * Aljubarota. " Santarem. "^ Burgos. 
 
96 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 sir, it shall nat be the opinyon of our company thus to departe agayne. By my faithe. 
 quod the kyng, ye speke well and truely ; in this warre and other, I shall vse fro hens- 
 forthe after your counsayle ; for the kyng my father, and I also, haue founde alwayes 
 in youre countreis great trouthe and faythfulnesse ; and god haue mercy of sir Bertram 
 of Clesquyes^ soule, for he was a true knyght, by whome in his tyme we had many re- 
 coueraunses, and good iourneys. 
 
 The wordes and counsails that the kyng had of them of Fraunce, and of Bierne, were 
 anone knowen among the lordes and knightes of Spaygne, wherwith they were sore dis- 
 pleased, for two causes ; One, bycause it semed to them that their kyng had more trust 
 and cofydence in straungers, than in them who were his liege men, and had crowned 
 hym kyng ; the seconde was, in that they of Fraunce counsayled the kyng to kepe styll 
 his warre, and they felyng themselfe so wery of the warre ; and so spake among them- 
 selfe in dyuers maners, nat openly but priuely ; they wolde saye the kyng coude make 
 no Avarre but by the frenchmen, and in lykewise no more coude his father ; so they had 
 great enuy at the frenchemen, wliiche well appered, for whan the freche varieties went 
 out a forragyng, if the spaynisshe forrengers were stronger, than they wolde take their 
 forage fro them, and beate them and mayme them, so that complayntes came therof to 
 the kynge ; and he blamed therfore his marshall sir Raynolde Lymosyn, and sayde, why 
 haue ye nat prouyded for this mater ? the marshall excused hym, and sayde, as o^od 
 might helpe hym, he knewe nothynge therof, and that he wolde prouyde a remedy fro 
 thensforthe ; incontynent he stablysshed men of armes to kepe the feldes, that the 
 frenche foregers rode at their suretie, and also he made a crye and a comaundement, 
 that euery man that had any vitayle or prouisyon to sell, that they shulde bringe it to 
 the felde before salt yrayns,** and they shuld haue a prise reasonable for euery thyng. 
 So than the straungers had largely their parte, for the kyng ordayned that they shulde 
 be serued before all other, wherof the spanyardes had great dispyte. 
 
 So it was the same weke that the kyng of Castell departed fro the siege of Lisbone, 
 thre great shyppes of men of warre, and Englysshe archers, aryued at Lisbone, they 
 were to the nobre of fyue hundred, one and other, and the thirde parte of them were of 
 the copanyons aduenturers, hauyng no wages of no man ; some were of Calys, of Chier- 
 burge, of Brest in Bretayne, of Mortaygne in Poytou : they had herde of the warre by- 
 twene Castell and Portyngale, and they came to Burdeux, and ther assembled and sayd, 
 let vs go at aduenture into Portyngale, we shall fynde them there that wyll receyue vs 
 and sette vs awarke. Sir Johan Harpedan, who as than was marshall of Burdeux, coun- 
 sayled the greatly therto, for he wolde nat they shulde abyde in burdeloys, for they 
 might ther haue done more hurte than good, bycause they were companyons aduen- 
 turers, and had nothyng to lese. Of them that arryued at Lisbon, I can nat name all : 
 there were thre squyers englysshe that were their capitayns, one was called Northbery, 
 and another Morbery, and the thirde Huguelyn of Harcerell,'' and there were none of 
 them paste the age of fyftie yere, and good men of armes, and Mell vsed in the feates of 
 warr. Of the comyng of these Englysshemen, they of Lisbone were right gladde, and 
 so was the kyng of Portyngale, who wolde se the ; and so they went to the palays where 
 the kyng was, who made them great chere, and demauded of them if the duke of Lan- 
 castre had sent them thyder : Sir, quod Northbery, it is a longe season sythe he had 
 any knowledge of vs, or we of hym; Sir, we be men of dyuers sortes sekynge for ad- 
 uentures, here be some are come to serue you fro the towne of Calays : by my faythe, 
 quod the kynge, you and they bothe are right hartely welcome, your comyng dothe me 
 
 great 
 
 * Guesclin. " Santarem. ' Hartsel. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 97 
 
 great good and ioye, and shortely I shall sette you awarke ; we haue ben here inclosed 
 a gret season, so that we be vvery llierof, but nowe we wyll be at large in the felde, as 
 well as our enemyes hnth been : Sir, quod they, we desyre nolhynge els ; and sir, we 
 desyre you that shortely we maye se youre enemyes. The kynge made them a dyner 
 in his palays at Lisbone, and comaunded that they shulde all be lodged in the cytie at 
 their ease, and to be payed for their wages for thre nionethes. Than the kyng set his 
 clerkes awarke, and made letters, and sente the ouer all his realme, comaundynge euery 
 man able to beare harnesse to drawe to Lisbone. 
 
 All suche as these letters came vnto obeyed nat, for many abode styll i their houses: 
 for thre partes of the Realme dissymuled with the kynge, and with theym of Lisbone, 
 bycause they had crowned kynge a bastarde, and spake great wordes ther agaynst pri- 
 uely ; and bycause of the great trouble and dyfferece that the kynge of Castell and his 
 cousayle sawe in the realme of Portyngale, made hym to auaunce hymselfe, to the en- 
 tent to haue conquered the countre, sayenge, howe all shulde be wonne with one dayes 
 iourney of batayle, and that yf they of Lisbone might be ouerthrowen, the resydue of 
 the countrey wolde nat be sorie of it, but put out of the realme that mayster Denyce,* 
 or elles slee hym, and than it shulde be a lande of conquest for hym, for his wyfe was 
 ryght enherytoure ; yet with a good wyll kynge Johan of Castell wolde haue lefte the 
 warre, but his people wolde nat suffre him, for they euer gaue hym corage, sayeng, 
 how his quarell and cause was iuste. And whan the kynge of Portyngale sawe that his 
 commaundementwas nat obserued, and that moche of his people disobeyed to serue hym, 
 he was right pensyue and malencolyous ; he called to hym suche as he trusted best of 
 Lisbone, and of the knyghtes of his house, who dyde their payne to crowne hym, and 
 also they had serued kyng Ferant," as sir Johan Radygos, and sir John Teatedore, the 
 lorde of Siegere," and sir Gome of Tabeston, Ambrise Condricho, and Peter his bro- 
 ther, sirOuges^ ofNauaret, a knyght of Castell, who was tourned Portyngaloyes, for 
 kynge Johan hadde chased hym out of his realme, and the kynge of Portyngale hadde 
 reteyned hym and made hym a chiefe capitayne: at this counsayle the kyng shewed 
 many thynges, and sayde. Sirs, ye that be here I knowe well ye be my fredes, for ye 
 haue made me kynge ; beholde nowe howe dyuers folkes of my realme excuseth them- 
 selfe, so that I canne nat gette them to the felde : for yf they had as good wyll to fight 
 with oure enemyes as I haue, I wolde be right gladde therof, but they be nat so dys- 
 posed: I se howe they refrayne and dyssymule the mater, wherfore I haue nede of 
 counsayle on this mater, howe I maye order myselfe, and therfore I praye you lette me 
 haue your aduise : Than sir Gome of Tabeston, a knight of Portyngale, sayde. Sir, I 
 counsayle you for youre hohoure, that as soone as ye maye, drawe yourselfe and all 
 youre people into the felde, and aduenture you and we also, and we shall ayde you to 
 dye in the quarell, for ye be our kynge ; and if there be any in Portyngale rebelles and 
 disdaynfull to serue you, I saye, and so saythe dyuers of this towne, that it is bycause 
 ye haue nat issued oute to shewe youre face agaynst your enemyes ; ye haue the grace 
 as yet to be reputed a valyaunt man in armes, and they saye, that nowe at nede your 
 valyantnesse fayleth you ; this it is that hath set your enemyes in pride, and hath cooled 
 your subiectes, for if they sawe in you dedes of valure and of prowes, they wolde obey 
 and dout you, and so wolde do your enemyes: by my heed, quod the king, ye say 
 well, and so it is ; wherfore sir, 1 wyll incontynent that euery man make hym redy, 
 for we wyll ryde out shortely and loke on our enemyes: outlier we Avyll wyn all at this 
 tyme or lese all. Sir, quod the knyght, it shall be done, for if the iourney be yours, 
 and god sende you good fortune, ye shall be kynge of Portyngale for euer, and ye shall 
 be praysed in all straunge realmes, where as the knowledge therof shall come, and to 
 
 Vol. H. O the 
 
 • Of Avis. i- Ferdinand. "■ Figuiere. ' Monges. 
 
98 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 the parfyte herytage of Portyngale ye can nat attayne, but by batayle ; ye may take en- 
 sample of kyng don Henry your cosyn, father to kyng Johan that nowe is kyng of 
 Castell, of Spaygne, of Toilet/ of Galyce, of Corduane,'' and of Sibyle ;" he came 
 to all these herytages by batayle, otherwyse he had neuer had them ; for ye knowe 
 howe the puissaunce of the prince of Wales, and of Acquitayne, put kynge don Peter, 
 your cosyn, into possession of all these herytages and landes closed within Spayne, 
 and afterwarde by a iourney of batayle y don Henry had at Nauntuell,'* agaynst don 
 Peter, who there loste all agayne, and don Henry put in possession as he was before : 
 at whiche iourney he aduentured hymselfe and his, or els he had nat ben kyng ther ; 
 in lykewise sir ye must aduenture, if ye thynke to lyue with honour : sir, quod the 
 Icynge, ye saye true, I wyll haue none other counsayle but this, for this is profytable 
 for vs. 
 
 Thus departed that counsayle. And than it was ordayned, y within thre dayes euery 
 man shulde drawe into the feldes, and there to take some ground to abyde their enemyes ; 
 those thre dayes they kepte the gates so close of Lisbone, that nother man nor woman 
 coude issue out, for they wolde nat y their enemyes shulde be preuy of their entensyon. 
 And whan the Englysshmen that were there, vnderstode that they shulde issue oute and 
 drawe towardes saynt yrayns^ to loke on their enemyes, they were ioyfull ; than euery 
 man made hym redy, and the archers dressed redy their bowes and arowes, and all 
 other, in euery thynge that they neded : and on a thursdaye they departed out of Lis- 
 bone, and that day they lodged by a lytell ryuer syde, a two leages fro Lisbone, with 
 their faces towarde saynt yrayns,* and euery man sayde with good herte and wyll, that 
 they wolde neuer retourne to Lisbone tyll they had sene their enemyes; sayeng, howe 
 it was better for them that they shulde go and requyre batayle of their enemyes, rather 
 than they shulde come on them : for they said, they had sene and herde dyuers ensam- 
 ples of requyrers and nat requyrers, and euer of fyue, four hath optayned, and in a 
 maner all the vyctories that the englysshmen haue had in Frauce, they were euer the 
 requyrers; for naturally the secars for batayle are more strongar and coragyous in as- 
 saylinge, than the defendars be. Of this opynyon they were nere all ; and some of the 
 burgesses of Lisbone sayde, We were at Bruges, in Flauders, whan the gauntoyse came 
 before the towne, and requyred batayle agaynst the Erie of Flaunders, and all his puis- 
 saunce, and we knowe well that Philyppe Dartuell, Petre de Boyse, Johan Clyqueriell, 
 Frauces Atreman, and Peter le Myttier,' who as than were capitayns of the gauntoyse, 
 they brought oute of Gaunte no mo but seuyn thousande men, and yet they requyred 
 batayle of their enemyes, and ouercame and disconfyted a xi. thousande ; this is true, 
 and ihis was without any treason, but by clene fortune of batayle ; this was done on a 
 saturdaye, a leage fro Bruges, as we herde reported the nexte day whan they had wonne 
 the towne of Bruges : so thus they dyde putte in aduenture, outher to wynne or to lese ; 
 and thus must we do if we thynke to haue any good spede. Thus these lisbonoyse that 
 thursday spake one to another: and whan the kyng was enformed of their wordes, and 
 of their great confort, he had great ioye. 
 
 And on the Friday in the raornynge, they sowned their trumpettes and made them 
 redy, and toke the wave on the right hade, folowyng the ryuer and the playne countre, 
 for their caryage that folowed them, and so rode that daye four leages. That day ti- 
 dynges cae to the kynge of Castell, where he laye at saynte yrayns,*^ that the Portyn- 
 galois, and the Lisbonoyes, were comyng towardes hym. These tidynges anone were 
 spredde abrode in the host, wherof the Spaygniardes, Frenchemen, and Gascoyns, had 
 
 great 
 
 i Toledo. ^ Cordova, = Seville. f Montiel, ' Santarem. 
 
 ^ Le Nuitre. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 99 
 
 great ioye, and sayde : beholde yonder Lisbonoyes be valyant men, slthe tliey come to 
 seke for batayle ; shortely let vs go into the feldes, and lette vs close them among vs and 
 we maye, to the entent that they retourne nat agayne. Thane it was ordayned and pub- 
 lysshed in the boost, that euery man the Saturdaye in the mornynge, a foote and a horse- 
 backe, shuld issue out of saynt yrayns,' and drawe towardes their ennemyes to fyght with 
 them : euery man made hym redy, and were ioyfuU of that iourney. And on the Sa- 
 turday in the mornynge they sowned their trumpeltes, and the kynge herde masse in the 
 casteli, and drake, and than lepte on his horse, and euery man with hym, and so drewe 
 into the felde in good aray of balayle, Sir Raynolde Limosin, marshall of the boost, 
 formast: and he sente forthe scurrers to aduyse the dealynge of their ennemyes, and to 
 se where they were, and what nombre they were of ; and the frenchmen sente forthe 
 two squyers, one a Burgonion, and the other a Gascone, the burgonyon was called 
 Wylliam of Motigny, and he was there with sir Johan of Rey ;'' and they of Gascoyne 
 and Bierne, sent "forthe Bertrande of Barge," and they were bothe the same day made 
 knightes; and with them rode forth a Chatellayne of Casteli, a good man of amies, 
 called Peter Feranl'' of Medyne, be was on a marueylous light Genet: and whyle these 
 thre rode forthe to aduyse their enemyes, f resydue of the boost rode a softe pase, and 
 they were in nombre two thousande speares, knyghtes and squiers, Gascoyns, Bur- 
 gonyons, Frenchmen, Picardes, and Bretons, as well apoynted and armed as any men 
 might be, and a twetie thousande spanyardes, all a horsbacke; and they had nat rydden 
 forthe a bowe shotte but they stode styll. On the other syde, the kynge of Portyngale 
 in lykewise had sent forthe thre scurrers to avieu iustely the demeanyng of the spa- 
 niardes, wherof two of them were Englysshe squyers, expert men of armes, one called 
 Jaquyne Dartebery,' and the other Philippe Barqueston,' and with them Ferrant de la 
 Grosse,^ of Portingale : they were all well horsed, and rode forthe tyll they came to a 
 lytell hyll, and there they might well se the behauynge of the spanyardes ; than they 
 retourned to the kynge of Portyngale, and to his counsayle, and ther made relacyon of 
 that they had done,°and sayd, Sir, we haue ben so farre forwarde that we haue sene 
 your enemyes ; sir, surely they be a great nombre, they are welle a thyrtie thousade 
 horse ; therfore sir, take your aduyse. Than the kyng demaunded if they rode all in 
 one batayle or nat ; Sir, quod they, surelye they be in two batayls. Than the kyng 
 turned hym towarde his people, and sayd aloude. Sirs, nowe aduyse you well, for 
 there nedeth nowe no cowardnesse, for we shall fight shortelye, for our enemyes be 
 comyng, and hath gret desyre to fynde vs ; and so they shall, for we can nat flye nor 
 retourne; we are issued out of Lisbone a great nombre of people: thynke sirs to do well, 
 and lette vs selle our lyues dere ; ye haue made me kyng, this daye shall I se yf the 
 crowne of Portyngale wyll abyde with me peasably or nat ; and sirs, of one thyng be 
 ye sure, I shall nat flye, but abyde the aduenture with you : than they all answered, 
 with a good wyll, so be it, and we shall all abyde with you. Than the Englysshe ca- 
 pitayns were called forthe, as Northbery, and Hertesell, and other of the that were 
 moost experte in armes ; the kynge demaunded of them what counsayle they wolde 
 gyue hym, howe to abyde the aduenture of the batayle, for he sayd, he knewe well they 
 must nedes fyght, for his enemyes aproched faste, and they be in nombre four agaynst 
 one of vs : than the Englysshmen sayd, Sir, sithe we shall haue bataile, and that they 
 be greatter in nombre than we be, wherfore it is a harde partie: we can nat coquere 
 without we take some aduautage of some hedges or busshes: lette vs take suche a groude 
 as we may fortify, and that they shall nat entre vpon vs so lightely, as they shulde do 
 on the playne felde. Sirs, quod the kynge, ye speke wysely, and it shal be as ye haue 
 deuysed. 
 
 O 2 On 
 
 • Santarem. ^ Rue. ^ Barege. " Fernando. ' James Hartlebury. 
 
 ' Bradestan. • Fernando de la Gresse. 
 
100 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 Onthiscounsayle of the Englysshmen the kyng rested, and ther toke aduyse what 
 groude they might take ; and nat fane of fro them was the towne of Juberothe," a great 
 vyllage : thyder tlie Lisbonoyes had sent all their prouision, somers and caryages, for it 
 was their entension that night to lodge there, wheder they had batayle or no, if they 
 might scape with honour : and without the towne, a quarter of a leage or therabout, 
 ther was a great abbey of monkes, whyder they of Juberothe," and of other vyllages 
 were w onte to come to here masse, and the churche standeth a lytell oute of the waye in 
 a moote, enuyroned about with great trees, hedges, and busshes: it was a stronge place 
 with a lytell helpe ; than the Englysshmen were called to counsayle to the kynge, for 
 thoughe they were but fewe, yet the kynge wolde folowe moche their aduyse ; thane 
 they sayde, Sir, we knowe hereby a place, the mynster without Juberoth,' among the 
 trees, it standeth in a stronge place, with a lytell amendement and helpe ; and suche as 
 knewe thecountre sayd, sir, it is true. Than the kyng sayd, let vs drawe thyder, and 
 let vs order there ourselfe as men of warr ought to do, so that whan cure enemyes come, 
 let the nat fynde vs vnprouided ; incotynet it was done, and so they came wher as the 
 churche was. Than whan the Englysshemen, and sir Monges of Naueret, and dyuers 
 other valyat men of Portugale, and of Lisbone, had well aduysed the place roude about, 
 they sayd, this place is stronge ynough with a lytell helpe, so that we maye here abyde 
 the aduenture : than on the syde nexte the feldes they cutte downe the trees, and layde 
 them one ouer another, to thentent that horsemen shulde nat come with full course on 
 them : they lafte one waye open nat very large, and suche archers and crosbowes as they 
 had, they sette them on euery syde of the waye, and their men of armes all afote in a" 
 playne within the way, and the churche on their one syde, and ther was the kynges 
 baners pight vp ; and whan they had thus ordered euery thynge they were in great ioye, 
 and sayd, that if it pleased god they were well, and in suche a place to kepe longe, and 
 to make a good iourney ; than the kynge sayd, Fayre sirs, this day euery man do his 
 parte and thynke nat to flye, for that can nat aueyle vs: we are far of fro Lisbone, and 
 also in the chase there is no recoueryng, for thre wyll slee and beate downe xii. that be 
 flyenge : therfore shewe this daye that ye be men of prowes, and selle derely your 
 lyues, and ymagyn in yourselfe howe the iourney shal be ours, as it shal be if god be 
 pleased, and than shall we be moche honoured and spoken of in strauge countreis, where 
 as the tidynges shall come, for alwayes the victours be exalted, and they that be 
 disconfyted, dispraysed ; and sirs, thynke howe ye haue made me kynge, wherfore 
 ye ought to be the more hardy and coragyous ; and of one tliyng be ye sure, that as 
 long as this axe endureth in my hades I shall fight, and if it fayle or breke I shall get 
 another, and shewe myselfe that I wyll mentayne and defende the crowne of Portyn- 
 gale for myselfe, and for the right that I haue by successyon of my brother, the whiche 
 I take on my soule that myne enemyes traueyleth me wrongfully, and that the quarell 
 is myne. 
 
 Than all suche as harde the kynge sayd, sir, of your grace and mercy ye admonest vs 
 wyselye, and sir, we shall helpe to ayde and maynteyne that we haue gyuen you, 
 whiche is your owne : Sir, we shall all abyde with you here in this same place, and 
 shall nat departe, without god departe vs ; Sir, make a crye to all youre people, for 
 euery man hath nat herde you speke, comaundyng on payne of dethe no man to flye ; 
 and sir, if there be any that are faynt harted to aby'de the bataj'le, let them come forthe, 
 and gyue the leaue to departe fro the other, for one faynt harte may dyscourage two 
 dosyn of good men, or els stryke of their heedes in your presens, to gyue ensample to 
 other : the kyn§ answered, I wyll it be so. Than there were two knightes ordayned to 
 go and sertche euery copany, and to demaunde if any were abasshed to abyde the ba- 
 tayle. 
 
 • Aljubarota. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. loi 
 
 tayle. The messangers reported to the kyng whan they retourned, tliat they coude 
 fynde no man but that was redy to abyde the adiienture of batayle ; it is so moche the 
 better, quod the kynjr. Than the kyng caused all that wolde be made knightes to come 
 before hym, and he wolde gyue them the order of knighthod, in the name of god and of 
 saynt George. And as 1 vnderstade ther were made a threscore newe knightes, wherof 
 the kyng had great ioye, and dyd selte them in the front of the batayle, and sayd to 
 the, sirs, the order of knighthode is as noble and highe, as any herte can thynke, and 
 there is no knight that ought to be a cowarde nor shamefull, but ought to be fierse and 
 hardy as a lyon, wha his helme is on his heed and seyth his ennemyes : and bycause I 
 wolde ye shulde this day shewe prowes wher it ought to be shewed, therfore I ordayne 
 you in the first front of the bataile ; and sirs, do so that we maye haue honour and you 
 also, otherwyse your spurres are but yuell set on: and euery knight answered as his 
 tourne fell, as he passed by the kynge. Sir, with the pleasure of god we shall so do, 
 to haue your grace and loue. Thus the portyngalois ordred themselfe, and fortifyed 
 thera besyde the churche of Juberoth," in Portyngale. That daye there was no En- 
 glisshman that wolde be made knight, yet they were desyred of the kyng and other, 
 but they excused themselfe for that day. 
 
 Of the spanyardes, howe they ordered themselfe and their batayle. 
 CAP. XXXIIII. 
 
 NOWE let vs retourne to the kynge don Johan of Castell, and of the knyghtes 
 and squyers of Frauce and of Gascone, who were ther with him : and such as they had 
 sent to aduyse their enemyes, retourned agayne and sayd. Sir kyng, and ye lordes and 
 knightes here present, we haue rydded so forwarde, that we haue sene oure enemyes, 
 and accordyng as we can iuge, they be nat paste ten thousande men in all, one and 
 other, and they be about the mynster of Juberothe," and ther they be rested and setle 
 in order of batayle, and there they shall be founde, who soeuer wyll seke for them. 
 Than the kyng called to hym his counsayle, and specially the barons and knightes of 
 Fraunce, and demauded of them what was best to do ; they answered and sayd, Sir, we 
 thynke it were best let them be fought withall incontynent: we se nothyng elles, for by 
 that is reported they be afrayed and in great doute, bycause they be so farre of fro any 
 fortresse, Lisbone is farre of a sixe leages, they can nat ronne thyder with their ease, 
 but they shall be ouertaken by y waye, without they take the aduautage of the night; 
 therfore sir, we counsayle, sithe ye knowe where they be, order your batayls and go and 
 fyght with them, whyle your people be of good wyll to do well. Than the kyng de- 
 maunded of the of his owne countre their opinyons, as of sir Dangonyes*" Mendant, sir 
 Dygo Parsement, Pier Goussart of Moutdasque, and Pier Ferrant of Valesque, and of 
 the great mayster of Caletrane; they answered the kynge and sayd. Sir, we haue well 
 harde the knightes of Fraunce, howe they wolde haue you hotely to sette on your ene- 
 myes: Sir, we wyll that ye knowe and they also, that are we can come to the it wyll be 
 Hyght, for ye se the sonne draweth downe warde, and as yet ye haue nat ordred youre 
 batayls ; Sir, therfore we thynke it were good ye taryed tyll the mornynge, and lette vs 
 
 drawe 
 
 * Aljubarota. '' In the repetition of Spanish names. Lord Berners is particularly unfortunate; 
 
 to facilitate the knowledge of this passage, perhaps the best mode is to extract the names of the several 
 nobleaien alluded to by Froissart from Johnes' translation, where they occur in the following order: — 
 " Don Gangeles Nunez de Gusman, Don Diego de Mendoja, Peter Gorsalcs dc ;Mendoza, Peter Lor-g?- 
 d'Ajala, and the grand master of Calatrava. 
 
102 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 drawe so nere them, and laye so good spyall in dyuers places, that if they vvolde dis- 
 lodge aboute mydnight and departe, than lette vs also dyslodge, for they can nat flye 
 nor scape vs, the countre is so playne, and there is no place to hyde them by Lisbone, 
 whiche we can nat gette with our ease ; sir, this counsayle we gyue you. Than the 
 kyngstode styli a lytell and caste downe his loke to the erthe, and after he tourned his 
 regarde on the straugers. Tha the marshall, sir Raynolde Lymosin, sayd, to please the 
 frechmen, in the langage of Spaygne, to the entent he might the better be vnderstande of 
 euery man, and so turned hym to the spanyardes, suche as had gyuen the kyng that 
 counsayle, Sayeng, and callyng euery man by his name, sirs, howe can ye be more sage 
 in batayls, or more vsed in armes, than these valyant knightes be that be here present ? 
 Howe can ye deuyse any thyng beyond them, that shulde be of any valure? for they 
 haue done nothyng els all their life dayes, buttraueyll fro realme to realme to fynde and 
 to do dedes of armes ; Howe can you, or durst you, deuise any thyng agaynst their 
 wordes, whiche are so noble and so highe, for to kepe the honour of the kyng and of 
 his realme, wherin ye haue greatter parte than they ? For ye haue there your herytages 
 and your bodyes, and they haue nothyng there but nowe al onely their bodyes, whiche 
 they wyll firste and formast put in aduenture, and so they haue desyred of the kyng to 
 haue the first batayle, and the kyng hath graunted them ; than regarde their great and 
 noble courage, whan they wyll first of all aduenture theselfe for you: it shulde seme 
 that ye haue enuy at them, and that ye wolde that profyte nor honoure shulde come to 
 them, whiche ye ought nat to do, but to be all of one accorde and wyll ; and also, by 
 you and by youre counsayle, the kyng hath ben here in the feldes longe at great cost 
 and charge, for hym and for all his, and layne at siege before Lisbone, and coudeneuer 
 haue the aduenture of batayle tyll nowe, with hym that writeth hymselfe kyng of Por- 
 tyngale, wherin he hath no right, for he is a bastarde, and nat dyspensed withall: and 
 now he is in the felde with suche fredes as he hath, whiche is no great nombre, and if 
 nowe by crafte he shulde agayne withdrawe hymselfe and nat fought withall, ye put 
 yourselfe than in adueture that all the hole boost shulde ryse on you and slee you, or 
 els that the kyng shulde repute you for traytours, and strike of your heedes, and co- 
 fyske all your landes ; therfore I se no better Avay for you than to be styll, and let them 
 alone that hath sene more than you in suche busynesses, for ye neuer sawe that they 
 haue done, nor neuer shall. And than y kynge loked vp, and by semynge was gladde 
 ■with those wordes, and the spanyardes were abasshed, and feared they had done 
 gretter trespace than they dyd, for though the marshall reproued them and spake 
 agaynst them, yet they had well spoken, and truely cousayled the kyng: but what for 
 valyantnesse, and to please the strangers, who desyred batayle, the marshall spake as 
 he dyde. 
 
 Than euery man was styll, and the kynge sayd, I wyll in the name of god and saynt 
 James, that our enemyes be fought withall, and all suche as wyll be made knyghtes to 
 coe forth before me, for I wyll gyue the thordre of knighthode, in the honour of god 
 and saynt George. Than ther came forthe many squyers of Frace, and of Byerne, and 
 there they were made knightes of the kynges hande, as sir Roger of Spayne, Edmode, 
 son to sir Roger : of the coutie of Foiz, sir Bertrande of Barroge,^ sir Peter of Sale- 
 bere, sir Peter of Valentyne, sir Wylliam of Quere, sir Angers of Sollenayre, sir Peter 
 of Vaude, sir Wyllyam of Montigny, and of one and other, to the nobre of a hundred 
 and xl. and ther were certayne barons of Bierne that raysed vp ther first their baners, 
 and also dyuers of Castell, and also sir Johan of Rey.'' There might haue ben sene 
 amonge these newe knightes great noblenesse, and they maynteyned themselfe so goodly 
 that it was pleasure to beholde the, for they were a fayre batayle. Than the lorde of 
 
 Loyngiache, 
 
 • Barege. * Rue. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 103 
 
 Loyngiache* came before the kyng, and all other that were strangers, whatsoeuer na- 
 cyon they were of, so they were no spanyardes, they were all named in the name of 
 strangers; than they said to the kynge, Sir, we be come fro farre partes to serue you: 
 Sir, we requyre you do vs that grace to let vs haue the first batayle ; I am content, quod 
 the kyng, in the name of god and sait James, and saynt George be in your ayde. Than 
 the spanyardes sayd one to another softely, beholde, for goddessake beholde, howe our 
 kynge putteth all his truste in these frechmen, he hath no parfyte trust in none other ; 
 they shall haue the first batayle, they prayse vs nat so moche y they wyll take vs with 
 them, they wyll do their dede by themselfe, and than lette vs do ours be ourselfe, let 
 vs let them alone with their enterprise ; they haue made their auaunt howe they be stronge 
 ynough to discomfyte the Portugaloys ; lette it be so, we are content, but it were good 
 we demaunded of the kynge, wheder he wyll abyde with vs, or els go with the^frenche- 
 nien. So thervpon they were long in murmuryng, wheder they shulde demaude it, or 
 els be styll, for they douted greatly the wordes of sir Raynolde Lymosin ; hoAvebeit, 
 all thynges consydred, they thought it none yuell to demaunde hym the questyon. 
 Than sixe of the moost notablest of them wente to the kynge, and enclyned themselfe, 
 and sayd, 
 
 Right noble kyng, we se and vnderstande well by aparent signes, that this day ye 
 shall haue batayle with youre enemyes, god sende grace it be to your honoure and vyc- 
 torie, as we greatly desyre ; Sir, we wolde knowe wheder your pleasure lyeth, to be 
 amonge the frenchmen, or els with vs: Fayre sirs, quod the kyng, though I haue 
 graunted the first batayle to these knightes and squyers straugers, who are come farre of 
 to serue me, and are valyant and expert men in warres, yet for all that I renounce you 
 nat, for I wyll be and abyde amonge you, therfore sirs, helpe to defende me. Of 
 this answere the spanyerdes had great ioy, and were well contented, and sayd, sir, 
 so shall we do, and nat to fayle to dye in the quarell, for sir, Ave are sworne to 
 you, and so haue promised by the faithe of our bodyes whan ye were crowned ; for 
 sir, we loued so well the kyng your father, that we can nat fayle you in any wise : 
 that is our trust, quod the kyng. So thus the kyng of Spayne abode among his owne 
 men, who were well a twentie thousande horsmen, all couered in stele. Sir Ray- 
 nolde Lymosin was in the first batayk, for it was his right so to be, bycause he was 
 marshall. 
 
 The same Saturday was a fayre daye, and the sonne was tourned towarde euynsong. 
 Than the first batayle came before Juberoth," where the kyng of Portugale and his men 
 were redy to receyue the. Of these frenche knightes there were a two thousade speares, 
 as fresshe and as well ordred men as coulde be deuysed, and as soone as they sawe their 
 enemyes, they ioyned toguyder lyke men of warre, and aproched in good order tyll 
 they came within a bowe sliotte ; and at their first comyng ther was a harde recountre, 
 for suche as desyred to assayle to wyn grace and prayse entred into the strayte way, 
 where the Englysshmen by their policy had fortyfied the : and bycause thentre was so 
 narowe there Avas great prease, and great mischefe to y assaylates, for suche englysshe 
 archers as were there shot so holly toguyder, that their aroAves pearsed men and horse, 
 and whan the horses Avere full of arowes they fell one vpon another ; than the Englyssh- 
 men of armes, the Portugaloys, and Lisbonoyes, came on them cryeng their cryes, our 
 lady of Portugale, Avith good speares and sharpe heedes, wherAvith they strake and hurte 
 many knightes and squyers. There Avas the lorde of Lanache," of Bierne, beaten 
 doAvne, and his baner Avon and he taken prisoner, and many of his men taken and slayne ; 
 also sir Johan of Ree," sir GefFray Richon, sir GefFray of Parteney, and all their copa- 
 
 nyes 
 
 ' Lingnach. * Aljubarota. " Eue. 
 
104 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 nyes that ^vel•e entred within the strayte: there horses were so hurte with tharchers, that 
 they fell on their maysters, and one vpon another: there these frenchmen were in great 
 danger, for they coulde nat helpe one another, for they had no roume to enlarge them- 
 selfe, nor to fight at their wyll. And whan the Portugaloys sawe that myschefe fall on 
 the first assaylers they were gladde, and as fresshe and coragyous to fyght as any men 
 might be. There was the kynge of Porlugale, with his baners before hym, mounted on 
 a good horse, trapped with the armes of Porlugale, and he had great ioye to se y mys- 
 chefe fall on his eneniyes : and to conforte his people he laughed and sayd a highe, on 
 forthe good men, defede you and fight with good wyll, for if ther be no mo but 
 these we nede nat to feare, and if I knewe euer any thynge in batayle, all these be 
 ours. 
 
 Thus the kyng of Portugale reconforted his people, who fought valiatly, and had 
 enclosed in the streight all the first assaylers, of whome ther were many slayne. True 
 it was that this first batayle whiche these knightes of Frauce and of Bierne ledde, had 
 thought to haue ben quickelyer ayded of the spanyerdes than they were, for if the kyng 
 of Castyle and his company, who were a twentie thousande men, had come by another 
 parte and assayled the Portugaloys, it had been lykely the iourney to haue ben theirs, 
 but they dyde nothynge, wherfore they were to blame and receyued domage ; also in 
 dede the frenchmen sette on to soone, but they dyde it to thentent to haue won honoure, 
 and to maynteyne the wordes they had spoken before the kyng : and also as I was en- 
 formed, the spaynierdes Avolde nat sette on so soone, for they loued nat the frenchmen, 
 for they had said before, lette them alone, they shall finde right well to whoe to speke : 
 these frechmen ar great vantours and highe mynded, and also our kyng hath no parfite 
 trust but in the, and sith the kyng wolde they shulde haue the honour of the iourney, 
 let vs suffre them to take it, or els we shall haue all at our entetes. Thus by these 
 meanes the spanynierdes stode styll in a great batayle, and wolde nat go forwarde, whiche 
 was right displesant to the kyng, but he coude nat amede it: but the spaynierdes sayd, 
 bycause ther was none retourned fro the batayle, sir, surely these knightes of Frauce 
 haue disconfyted your enemyes, thonour of this iourney is theirs : God gyue grace, 
 quod the kyng, that it be so, let vs ryde than somwhat forwarde: than they rode a 
 crosbowe shotte forwarde, and than agayne rested : it was a great beautie to se them, 
 they were so well mouted and armed. And in t4ie mean season the frenchmen fought, 
 and suche as had leysar to alight fought valiatly ; dyuers knightes and squyersof eyther 
 partie dyd many feates of armes one vpon another, and whan their speares fayled, they 
 toke axes and gaue many great strokes on the helmes, sleyng and maymynge eche 
 other. 
 
 Whosoeuer were in suche case of armes as the frenchmen and portugaloys were at 
 Juberoth,* must abyde the aduenture as they dyde, without they wolde flye awaye, and 
 in flyeng there is more paryll than to abyde the batayle, for in flyeng lightly are moost 
 slayne, and in batayle whan one seith he is ouermatched, he yeldeth hymselfe prisoner. 
 It can nat be said but that the knightes of Fraunce, of Bretayne, of Burgoyne, and of 
 Byerne, but that right valiantly fought: but at their first encountre they were hardely 
 handled, and all that was by the counsayle of the Englysshmen to fortyfie their place. 
 So at this first batayle the portugaloys were stroger than their enemyes, so they were all 
 taken or slayne, but fewe that were saued; so that there were at that firste brunt a thou- 
 sande knightes and squyers taken prisoners, wherof the portugaloys were ioylull, and 
 thought as that day to haue no more batayle, and so made good chere to their prisoners, 
 and euery man sayd to their prisoners. Sirs, be nat abasshed, for ye are won by clene 
 feate of armes : we shall kepe you good company, as we wolde ye shuld do, if ye hadde 
 
 vs 
 
 ' Aljubarota. ' • 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 105 
 
 vs in lyke case : ye shall come to Lisbone and refresshe you there, and shal be at your 
 ease ; and they thanked theym whan they savve none other bote. And so there some 
 were put to their fynaunce incotynent, and some wolde abyde their aduenture, for they 
 ymagined that the kynge of Spaygne with his great armye wolde shortely come and 
 delyuer them. 
 
 HoiH the frenche knigliles and gascoyns, suche as jfere taken prisoners at Juberoth" 
 bij the porlugaloi/s, lyere slaj/ne of their mai/sters, and none escaped. 
 
 CAP. XXXV. 
 
 TIDYNGES came into the felde to the kyng of Castyle and to his companye, who 
 were aprochynge to Juberoth" by the that fledde, who cae cryeng with great feare, and 
 sayd : sir kyng, auaunce yourselfe, for all they of y vowarde are outher taken or slayne; 
 there is no remedy of their delyueraunce, without it be by your puyssaunce. And whan 
 the kyng of Castyle herde those tidynges, he was sore displeased, for he had good 
 cause, for it touched hym nere. Than he comauded to ryde on, and sayd, auauce 
 forthe baners, in the name of god and saynt George; lette vs ryde to the rescue, sithe 
 our men haue nede therof. Than the spaynierdes began to ryde a better pase cloose 
 toguyder in good order, and by that tyme the sonne was nere downe ; tha some sayd, it 
 were best to abyde tyll the mornyng, bycause it was so nere night, they said they coude 
 make but an easy iourney. The kynge wolde they shulde sette on incontynent, and 
 layde his reasons, and said. What, shall we leaue our enemyes in rest nowe they be 
 wery, to gyue them leysar to refresshe themselfe ? whosoeuer do gyue that counsayle, 
 loueth nat myne honoure. Than they rode forthe, makyng great noyse and brunt, with 
 sownyng of trumpettes and tabours, to abasshe therwith their enemyes. Nowe shall I 
 shewe you what the kyng of Portugale dyd and his company. 
 
 As soone as they had discofited the vowarde and taken their prisoners, and that they 
 sawe none other batayle comyng win their sight, yet for all that they wolde put no trust 
 in their first vyctorie ; therfore they sent sixe notable persons to go and auiewe the cou- 
 trey, to se if they shulde haue any more to do. They that rode forthe came and sawe 
 the kynge of Castelles great batayle comyng to them waide, fast approchynge to Jube- 
 rothe,' more than twentie thousande horsmen : than they retourned as fast as they 
 might, and sayde all an highe to the people, Sirs, aduyse you well, for as yet we haue 
 done nothyng : beholde yonder cometh the kyng of Castyle with his great batayle, with 
 mo than twentie thousande men ; there is none taryed behynde. Wha they herde 
 those tidynges, they toke shorte counsayle, whiche was of necessyte: than incontynent 
 they ordayned a pyteous dede, for euery man was comaunded, on payne of dethe, to 
 slee their prisoners without mercy, noble, gentyll, ryche, nor other, none except. Than 
 the lordes, knightes, and squyers that were prisoners were in a harde case, for there was 
 no prayer that auayled them fro the dethe ; and so they were slayne, some in one place 
 and some in another, as they were spredde abrode vnarmed, wenyng to haue ben saued, 
 but they were nat. To say trouth, it was great pytie, for euery man slewe his prisoner, 
 and he that dyd nat, other men slewe the in their handes : and the portugaloys and the 
 Englysshmen who had gyuen that counsayle, sayd it was better to slee than to be slayne; 
 for if we kylle them nat, whyle we be a fighiynge they wyll escape and slee vs, for ther 
 is no trust in a manes enemy. Thus was slayne by great mischiefe the lorde of Long- 
 
 VoL. II. P nache, 
 
 ^ Aljubarota. 
 
106 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 nache," sir Peter of Byerne, the lorde of Lespres, the lorde of Byerne, the lorde of 
 Boordes, sir Bertrande of Bergues,*" the lorde of Morayne, sir Rayniode of Douzanche,' 
 sir Jolian of Fologe/ sir Manaut of Sarenen, sir Peter of Salybers, sir Stephyn Valen- 
 tyne, sir Raymon Courase, sir Peter Haiisanie,° and to the nombre of thre hundred 
 squyers of Byerne ; and of Fraunce, sir Johan of Rue, sir GefTray Richon, sir Geffray 
 Partenay, and diuers other. Lo, beholde the great yuell aduenture that felle that 
 Saturday, for they slewe as many good prisoners as Tvolde well haue ben worthe, one 
 Viith another, foure hundred thousande frankes. 
 
 Howe the kynge of Castell and all his great batayle were discofyted by the kyng of 
 Portugale, before a vyllage called Juberolh.' 
 
 CAP. XXXVI. 
 
 WHAN the lisbonoise, englysshe, and Portugaloyse had delyuered the place and 
 slayne all their prisoners, neuer a one scaped without he were before conueyed to the 
 vyllage of Juberoth,' where as all their caryages were : than they drewe all togyder 
 with a feirse wyll, on the same place where as they were first assayled, and as than the 
 Sonne was goyng downe : than the kyng of Castell, in a puyssant array, Avith his baners 
 and penons dysplayed, and mounted on their horses well couered, came on cryeng Cas- 
 tell, and began to entre into y place that was fortified, and there they were receyued 
 with speres and axes; and at the first comyng, the shotte of arowes greued sore their 
 horses, so that many therby were slayne and ouerthrowen : and all that season the kyng 
 of Castell nor his men knewe nat of the myschiefe that was fallen to the vowarde, nat 
 how they were all slayne; but he beleued they had ben styll prisoners, thynkynge to 
 rec'juer them agayne, as ye haue herde. There was a harde batayle and a fyerse, and 
 many a man caste to the erthe: the portugalois had no suche aduautage, but and they 
 had nat fought valiantly, they had ben loste and discofyted ; that saued the, was their 
 enemyes coude nat come on theym but by one narowe waye. There the kyng of Por- 
 tyngale lyghted alote, and toke an axe in his hande, and dyd marueylous in armes, and 
 beate downe a thre or four with his owne handes, so that he was feared, that none durst 
 aproche nere him. I shall shew some parte of the codycions of the spaniardes, 
 
 Trewe it is, at their first settyng on they are fierse and coragyous, and of great ad- 
 uauntage, and hyghe mynded if they haue auauutage ; they fight well a horsbacke, but 
 as soone as they haue caste two or thre dartes, and gyuen a stroke with their swerde,. 
 and se that their enemyes be nat discofyted therwith, than they feare and turne their 
 horses and flye awaye to saue themselfe that best maye : and at this bataile of Juberoth,' 
 they vsed the same playe, for they foude their enemyes harde and strong, and as 
 fresshe in the batayle as though they had done nothynge of all the daye before, wherof 
 they had marueyle, and a so that they harde no tidynges of the vowarde, nor where 
 they were become. There the spayniardes that euenyng were in the harde fortune of 
 batayle atid perylous for them ; for as many as entred into their strength, were by valy- 
 antnesse and feates of armes all slayne; they toke no man to rausom, whatsoever he were, 
 noble or other : so the Lisbonoys had ordayned, for they wolde nat be charged with 
 prisoners. Ther were slayne of them of Castell suqhe as foloweth : Sir Dangonnes 
 
 Nendreche, 
 
 ' Lingnach. J; Barege, « Donzack. ^ Afolege. ' Hausane, 
 
 ^ Aljubarota. 
 
THE CRONYGLE OF FROISSART. 107 
 
 Nendreche, sir Dlgo Persement," sir don Peter of Rosermont, sir Marc of Versaux, the 
 great maister of Calestrane'' and his brother, who was that daye made knight, called sir 
 Dygomor," sir Peter Goussart of modesque, dou Peter Goussart of Sonuyll,'' don Johan 
 Radigo'' of Rousell, and a threscore baronnes and knightes of Spaygne. At the batayie 
 of Naders,^ where the prince of Wales disconfyted kyng don Henry of Castell, there 
 were nat slayne so many noble men of Gastell as there was at this batayie of Juberoth," 
 whiche was the yere of grace, a thousande thre hiJdred fourscore and fyue, on a Saturday 
 on oure lady day in August. 
 
 Whan the kyng of Castell vnderstode and sawe howe his menne were thus discon- 
 fyted, and howe that his vowaide was clene disconfyted without recouery, and that sir 
 Raynalt Lymosin was deed, who was his marshall, and sawe howe all his noble chiualry 
 were lost, as well of his owne realme as of Fraunce and elles where, suclie as were 
 come thider to serue him with their good wylles, he was than sore displeased, and 
 wyste nat what counsayle to take, for he sawe his me began to flye on euery syde ; and 
 he herde howe some sayd to hym, sir, departe hens, it is tyme, the mater is in a herde 
 case ; ye can nat alone disconfyte your enemyes, nor recouer your domages ; your 
 people flyeth all about; euery man intendeth to saue hymselfe. Sir, saue youreselfe, 
 and ye do wysely : if fortune be this day agaynst you, another tyme it shall be better. 
 The kynge of Castyle beleued cousayle, and than chaunged his horse and mounted on 
 a fresshe courser, strong and light, wheron no man had rydden before of all daye. 
 Than the kyng strake the horse with his spurres, and tourned his backe towarde his 
 enemyes, and toke the waye towarde saynt yrayne,'' whyder all suche as wolde saue 
 theraselfe fledde. The same tyme the kyng of Castell hadde a knight of his house who 
 bare his bassenet, whervpon there was a sercle of golde and stones, valued to twentie 
 thousande frankes. It was ordayned or they went out of saynt yrayne,'' that this knight 
 shulde beare it tyll they came to the busynesse, and than to delyuer it to the kynge to 
 weare on his heed ; but this knight dyd nat so ; for whan they came to the ioyninge of 
 the batayie, the prease was so great, that this knyght coude nat coe to the kynge, nor 
 also he was nat called for, wherfore he aproched nat to y kyng : and whan he sawe 
 howe his copany were discomfyted, and that the portugaloys optayned the vyctorie, 
 and sawe howe euery man fledde on euery syde, he feared than the leasyng of such a 
 riche lowell, and set than the bassenet on his owne heed and so fledde, but he toke nat^ 
 way to saynt yrayne,'' but toke another waye to the towne of Arpent. Thus some 
 fledde this way and some that waye, lyke people sore disconfyted and abasshed, but 
 the moost parte fledde to saynt yrayne ;'' and that euenynge thyder came the kyng sore 
 abasshed. 
 
 At this disconfyture of the spaynierdes at Juberothe,^ where the Portugaloys and lis- 
 bonoys optayned the place, ther was a great slaughter of men, and it had ben gretter if 
 they had folowed in the chase ; but thenglisshmen, whan they sawe the spaygniardes 
 tourne their backes, they sayd to the kyng of Portugale and to his men. Sirs, demaunde 
 for your horses and folowe the chase ; and all they that be fledde shal be outher taken 
 or slayne. Naye, nat so, quod the kynge ; it suflycelh that we haue done ; oure men 
 be wery and sore traueyled, and it is nere hande night, we shall nat knowe whyder to 
 go ; and thoughe they flye, yet they be a great nombre, and paraduenture they do it to 
 drawe vs out of our strength, and so to haue vs at their ease: let vs this daye kepe 
 
 P 2 them 
 
 ' Some of these names have occurred before, and, from their want of resemblance to Spanish appellations, I 
 had extracted from Mr. Johnes' translation, titles, which in sound at least, appeared more likely to be cor- 
 rect: Mr. J. however, in the passage before us, has retained similar names to those before rejected. 
 
 I" Calatrava. ^ Diego More. ^ Seville. ' Rodrigo. ' Najara. 
 
 ' Aljubarota. '' Santarem. 
 
108 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 them that be deed, and to niorowe take other counsayle. By my faythe, sir, quod 
 Hartesell, an Englysshman, the deed bodyes are easy to be kept ; they shall neuer do 
 vs any hurte, nor we shall haue of them no profyte : we haue slayne many good pri- 
 soners, and we be stranngers, and are come farre of to serue you; therfore we wolde 
 fayne wynne somwhat of these calues that flye without wynges, with their banners wau- 
 yng with the wynde. Fayre brother, quod the kyng, they that all coueteth all leseth : 
 it is better we be sure, sythe the honour of the vyctorie is ours, and that god hath sende 
 it vs, rather than to putte ourselfe in^aryll whan it nedeth nat : we thiike god we haue 
 ynowe to make you all ryche. Thus in this case the busynesse rested. 
 
 Thus, as I haue shewed you, felle of the busynesse at Juberothe,^ where as the kynge of 
 Portugale optayned the vyctorie ; and ther were slayne a fyue hundred knightes and as 
 many squyers, whiche was great pytie and domage, and about a sixe or seuyn thousande 
 of other men ; god haue mercy on their soules. And all that night tyll on the soday 
 to the hour of prime, the kyng of Portugale and his men remoued nat fro the place that 
 they were in, nor neuer vnarmed the, but eate a lytell and drake euery man as they 
 stode, whiche was brought them fro the vyllage of Juberothe :" and on the sonday in the 
 mornyng, after the sonne rysinge, the kynge caused twelfe knightes to mount on their 
 horses, and to ryde forthe to sertche the feldes, to se if there were any newe assemble ; 
 and whan they had rydden here and there, they retourned and shewed how they founde 
 no body but deed men. Well, quod the kyng, of them we nede nat to doute. Than it 
 was publysshed to departe thens, and to go to the vyllage of Juberothe," there to abyde 
 all that day and night tyll monday in the mornynge. So thus they departed, and lefte 
 the churche of Juberothe," and went to the vyllage and there lodged, and taryed out all 
 that sondaye and the nexte nyght ; and on the monday in the mornyng they cousayled 
 to drawe towarde Lisbone : than they sowned trumpettes to dislodge, and so in gode 
 order they departed and rode towarde Lisbone ; and the tuesday the kynge entred into y 
 towne with moche people, glorie, and triumphe, and was receyued with processyon, 
 and so brought to his palays ; and in ryding through the stretes, the people and chyl- 
 dren made feest and reuerence, and cryed with highe voice, Lyue the noble kyng of Por- 
 tugale, to whome god hath gyuen that grace to haue vyctorie of the puyssaunt kynge of 
 Castyle, and hath disconfyted his enemyes. 
 
 Bi this iourney that the kyng of Portugale had of the kyng of Castyle, he felle into 
 suche grace and loue of his countrey and realrhe of Portugale, so that all suche as be- 
 fore the batayle dyd dissimule with hym. than came all to hym to Lisbone to do to hym 
 their homage, sayeng, howe he was well worthy to lyue, and liowe that god loued hym, 
 in that he had disconfyted a more puissaut kynge than he was himselfe ; wherfore he 
 was worthy to beare a crowne. Thus the kynge gatte the grace of his people, and spe- 
 cially of all the commons of the reahr.e. 
 
 Nowe let vs a lytell spekeofthe kyng of Castyle, who, after he was thus discon- 
 fyted, went to saynt yrayn,"" wepynge and lamentyng for his people, and cursyng his 
 harde fortune, that so many noble me of his owne countre and of Frauncc were slayne 
 in the felde. 
 
 The same tyme that he entred into saynt yrayne,^ yet he knewe nat the domage that 
 he had, but on the sodaye he knewe it, for he had sende his haraldes, to sertche out the 
 deed bodyes: and he thought before that the moost parte of all suche as the harauldes 
 foude deed had bene but prisoners and saued alyue ; but they were nat, as it appered: 
 than he was so sore displeased and sorie, that no man coulde comforte hym. Whan he 
 
 herde 
 
 ' Aljubarota. ^ Santarem, 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 109 
 
 herde the leporte of the harauldes, and knewe the certentie of them that were deed, 
 than he sayd and sware, that he shulde neuer haue ioye sythe so many noble men were 
 deed in his nuarell. And after the thirde daye that the kyng had taryed at saynt 
 yrayne,^ there came to him his knight with liis bassenet, who was called sir Martyn 
 Haren,'' and delyuered the bassenet to the kynge, whichc was valued as ye haue herde 
 before ': and before there had ben herde wordes spoken of hym ; some said that Adsely 
 he was ronne awaye fro the kynge, and wolde neuer retourne agayne. Than the knight 
 kneled downe before the kyng, and excused hymselfe so largely, that the kynge and his 
 counsayle were well content with hym. Than a fyftene dayes after the kynge of Castyle 
 retourned to Bergus' in Spayne, and gaue euery man leue to departe. Than after ther 
 was meanes and treaties made bytwene the kynge of Castyle and the kyng of Portugale : 
 than a truce was taken fro the feest of saynt Mychaell to the first day of May, bothe by 
 lande and by see: and the deed bodyes slayne at Juberothe" were buryed in the churche 
 ofJuberoth'' and in mother churches there about, and the bones of dyuers caryed by 
 their seruautes into their owne countreis. 
 
 Howe a spyrite, called Orthone, serued the lorde of Corasse a long lyme, and brought 
 hym euer tidynges fro all partes of the tvorlde. 
 
 CAP. XXXVII. 
 
 IT is great marueyle to consyder one thynge, the whiche was shewed me in therle of 
 Foiz house at Ortayse, of hym that enfourmed me of the busynesse at Juberothe -.^ he 
 shewed me one thyng that I haue oftentymes thought on sithe, and shall do as longe as 
 I lyue. As this squyer tolde me, that of trouthe the nexte daye after the bataile was 
 thus fought at Juberoth," the erle of Foiz knewe it, wherof I had great marueyle ; for 
 the sayd sonday, monday, and tuesday, therle was very pensyfe, and so sadde of chere, 
 that no man coulde here a worde of hym ; and all the same thre dayes he wolde nat issue 
 out of his chambre, nor speke to any man, thoughe they were neuer so nere about hym ; 
 and on the Tuesday at night he called to hym his brother Arnault Guyllyam, and sayde 
 to hym with a softe voyce. Our men hath had to do, wherof I am sorie ; for it is come of 
 them by their voyage, as I sayd or they departed. Arnault Guyllyam, who was a sage 
 knyght, and knewe'right well his brothers codicions, stode styll and gaue none answere : 
 and than therle, who thought to declare his mynde more plainlye (for long he had borne 
 the trouble therof in his herte) spake agayne more hygher thaiie he dyd before, and sayd, 
 By god, sir Arnault, it is as I saye, and shortely ye shall here tidynges therof; but the 
 countrey of Bierne this hudi ed yere neuer loste suche a losse at no iourney as they haue 
 done nowe in Portugale. Dyuers knyghtes and squyers that were there present, and 
 herde hym say so, stode styll and durst nat speke, but remembred his wordes ; and 
 within a ten dayes after they knewe the trouthe therof by suche as had ben at the busy- 
 nesse, and there they shewed euery thyng as it was fortuned at Juberothe."^ ^^^^j 
 therle renewed agayne his dolour, and all the countrey were in sorowe, for they had 
 loste their parentes, bretherne, chyldren, and frendes. Saynt Mary, quod I to the 
 squyer that shewed me this tale, Howe is it that therle of Foiz coude knowe on one day 
 what was done within a day or two before, beynge so farre of? By my faythe, sir, 
 quod he, as it appered well, he knewe it. Than he is a deuyner, quod I, or els he 
 hathe messang-ers that flyeth with the wynde, or he rauste nedes haue some crafte. The 
 ° ^ ^ squyer 
 
 = Santarem. >> " This name," says Mr. Johnesin his translation, "is not mentioned in the printed 
 
 copies until now." This is an error ; it occurs in the edition printed by Verard at Paris, and also in 
 the Lyons' edition. ^ Burgos. f Aljubarota. 
 
110 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 squyer began to laughe, and sayd, Surely he muste knowe it by some arte of Nigro- 
 mansye, or otherwyse. To saye the trouthe, we can nat tell howe it is, but by cure 
 ymaginacions. Sir, quod I, suche ymaginacion as ye haue therin, if it please you to 
 shewe me, I wolde be gladde therof ; and if it be suche a thynge as ought to be secrete, I 
 shall nat publysshe it, nor as long as I am in this countre I shall neuer speke worde 
 therof. I praye you therof, quod the squyer, for I wolde nat it shulde be knowen that 
 I shulde speke therof; but I shall shewe you as dyuers men speketh secretelye, whan 
 they be togyder as frendes. Than he drewe me aparte into a corner of the chapell at 
 Ortayse, and than began his tale and sayd : 
 
 It is well a twentie yeres paste that there was in this countrey a barone, called Ray- 
 mon, lorde of Corasse, whiche is a seuyn leages fro this towne of Ortaise. This lorde 
 of Corasse had y same tyme a plee at Auygnon before the pope, for the dysmes of his 
 churche, agaynst a clerke curate there, the whiche preest was of Cateloygne f he was 
 a great clerke, and claymed to haue ryght of the dysmes in the towne of Corasse, whiche 
 was valued to a hudred florens by the yere, and the right that he had he shewed and 
 proued it : and by sentence diffynityue, pope Vrbane the fyfte, in consistory general, 
 condempned the knight, and gaue iugement with the preest: and of this last iugement 
 he had letters of the pope for his possession, and so rode tyll he came into Bierne, and 
 there shewed his letters and bulles of the popes for his possession of his dismes. The 
 lorde of Corase had great indignacion at this preest, and cae to hym and said, mayster 
 Peter, or maister Marten, as his name was, thynkest thou, that by reason of thy letters, 
 that I wyll lese myne herytage ? Nat so hardy y thou take any thynge that is myne ; if 
 thou do, it shall coste the thy lyfe. Go thy waye into some other place to get the a 
 benefyce; for of myne herytage thou gettest no parte, and ones for alwayes I defende 
 the. The clerke douted the knight, for he was a cruell man, therfore he durste nat 
 parceyuer. Than he thought to retourne to Auygnon, as he dyde ; but whan he de- 
 parted, he came to the knight, the lorde of Corasse, and sayd. Sir, by force and nat by 
 *"|ght, ye take away fro me the right of my churche, Avherin ye greatly hurte your 
 coscience. I am nat so strong in this coutrey as ye be ; but, sir, knowe for trouthe, that 
 as soone as I maye, I shall sende to you suche a champyon, whome ye shall doute 
 more than me. The knight who douted nothyng his thretnynges, sayd, God be with 
 the; do what thou mayst, I doute no more dethe than lyfe; for ail thy wordes, I wyll 
 nat lese myne herytage. Thus the clerke departed fro the lorde of Corasse, and went, 
 I can nat tell wheder, to Auygnon or into Cateloygne,"" and forgate nat the promyse 
 that he had made to the lorde of Corasse or he departed ; for afterwarde, whan the 
 knyght thought leest on hym, about a thre monethes after, as the knyght laye on a nyght 
 a bedde in his castell of Corasse with the ladye his wyfe, there came to hym messangers 
 inuisyble, and made a marueylous tempest and noise in the castell, that it semed as 
 thoughe the castell shulde haue fallen downe, and strake gret strokes at his chambre 
 dore, that the good ladye his wyfe was soore afrayde. The knyght herde all, but he 
 spake no worde therof, bycause he wolde shewe no abasshed corage, for he was hardy 
 to abyde all aduentures. This noyse and tempest was in sondrie places of y castell, 
 and dured a longe space, and at laste cessed for that nyght. Than the nexte mornynge 
 all the seruautes of the house came to the lorde whan he was rysen, and sayd. Sir, haue 
 you nat herde this night that we haue done? The lorde dyssymuled and sayd, no, I 
 herde nothyng; what haue you herde? Than they shewed him what noyse they 
 hadde herde, and howe all the vessell in the kechyn was ouertourned. Than the lorde 
 began to laughe, and sayde, yea sirs, ye dremed; it was nothynge but the wynde. In 
 the name of god, quod the ladye, I herde it well. The nexte night there was as great 
 
 noyse 
 
 " Catalonia. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. in 
 
 noyse and greatter, and snche strokes gyuen at his cliambre dore and wyndowes, as all 
 shulde haiie broken in peces. The knyght starte vp out of his bedde. and wolde nat 
 lette to demaunde who was at his chambre dore tliat tyme of y night ; and anone he was 
 aunswered by a voyce that sayde, I am here. Qiiod the knyght, who sent the hyder? 
 The clerke of Catelloygne^ sent me hyder, quod the voyce, to whom thou dost gret 
 wronge, for thou hast taken fro hym the ryghtes of liis benefyce : I wyll nat leaue the 
 in resttyll thou haste made hym a good accompte, solliat he be pleased. Quod the 
 knyght, what is thy name, that arte so good a messangere ? Qiiod he, I ame called 
 Orthone. Orihone, quod the knyght, the seruyce of a clerke is lytell profyte for the; 
 he wyll putte the to to moche payne if thou beleue hym. I pray the leaue hym and 
 come and serue me, and I shall gyue the good thanke. Orthone was redy to aunswere, 
 for he was in amours with the knyght, and sayde, Woldest thou fayne haue my ser- 
 uyce ? Yea, truely, quod the knyght, so thou do no hurte to any persone in this house. 
 No more 1 wyll do, quod Orthon ; for 1 haue no poNver to do any other yuell but to 
 awake the out of thy slepe or some other. Well, quod the knyght, do as I tell the, and 
 we shall soone agree, and leaue the yuell clerke, for there is no good thyng in him 
 but to put the to payne; therfore, coe and serue me. Well, quod Orthon, and sythe 
 thou wylte haue me, we are agreed. 
 
 So this spyrite Orthone loued so the knight, that oftentymes he wolde coe and vysite 
 hym whyle he laye in his bedde aslepe, and outher pull hym by the eare, or els stryke 
 at his chambre dore or wyndowe, to awake hym : and whan the knyght awoke, than he 
 wolde saye, Orthon, let me slepe. Nay, quod Orthone, that wyll I nat do, tyll I haue 
 shewed the suche tidynges as are fallen a late. The lady, the knyghtes wyfe, wolde be 
 sore afrayed that her heer wolde stande vp, and hyde herselfe vnder the clothes. 
 Thane the knight wolde saye, Why, what tidynges haste thou brought me ? Quod 
 Orthone, I am come out of Englande or out of Hungry, or some other place, and yes- 
 terdaye I came thens, and suche thynges are fallen or suche other. So thus the lorde 
 of Corasse knewe by Oithon euery thynge that was done in any parte of the worlde: 
 and in this case he contynued a fyue yere, and coude nat kepe his owne counsayle, but 
 at laste discouered it to the erle of Foiz: I shall shewe you howe. 
 
 The firste yere the lorde of Corasse came on a daye to Orthayse to the erle of Foiz, 
 and sayd to hym, sir, suche thynges are done in Englade, or in Scotlande, or in Al- 
 maygne,'' or in any other countrey. And euer the erle of Foiz founde his sayeng true, 
 and had great marueyle howe he shulde knowe suche thynges so shortly. And on a 
 tyme therle of Foiz examyned hym so straitly, that the lorde of Corase shewed hym all 
 toguyder howe he knewe it, and howe he came to hym firste. Whan the Erie of Foiz 
 herde that, he was ioyfull, and sayd, Sir, of Corasse, kepe hym well in your loue; I 
 wolde I hadde suche a messangere; he costeth you nothynge, and ye knowe by hym 
 euery thynge that is done in the worlde. The knight answered and sayd, sir, that is 
 true. Thus the lorde of Corasse was serued with Orthon a long season. I can nat 
 saye if this Orthone hadde any mo maysters or nat ; but euery weke, twyse or thrise, he 
 wolde come and vysite the lorde of Corasse, and wolde shewe hym suche tidynges 
 of any thyng that was fallen fro whens he came: and euer the lorde of Corassse, whan 
 he knewe any thynge, he wrote therof euer to the Erie of Foiz, who had great ioy ther- 
 of, for he was the lorde of the worlde that moost desyred to here newes out of straunge 
 places: and on a tyme the lorde of Corasse was with the erle of Foiz, and the erle de- 
 maunded of hym and said, Sir of Corasse, dyd ye euer as yet se your messangere ? 
 Naye, surely sir, quod the knyght, nor I neuer desyred it. That is marueyle, quod 
 the Erie ; if I were as well acquaynted with hym as ye be, I wolde haue desyred to haue 
 
 sene 
 
 ' Catalonia. '' Germany; 
 
112 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 sene hi; wherfore I praye you desyre it of hym, and than to tell me what forme and 
 facyon he is of: I haue herde you say howe he speketh as good gascone as outlier you or 
 I. Truely, sir, quod the knight, so it is ; he speketh as well and as fayre as any of vs 
 bothe do : and surely, sir, sithe ye counsayle me, I shall do my payne to se hym and 
 I can; and so on a night as he laye in his bedde with the lady his wyfe, who was so 
 enured to here Orthon, that she was no more afrayde of hym, than came Orthon and 
 pulled the lorde by the eare, who was fast aslepe, and therwith he awoke, and asked 
 who was ther ? I am here, quod Orthon. Than he demauded, fro whens comest thou 
 nowe? I come, quod Orthon, fro Prage in Boesme.' Howe farre is that hens ? quod 
 the knyght. A threscore dayes iourney, quod Orthone. And arte thou come thens 
 so soone ? quod the knyght. Ye, truely, quod Orthon; I came as fast as the wynde, or 
 faster. Hast thou than wynges ? quod the knight. Nay, truely, quod he. Howe 
 canste thou than flye so faste ? quod the knyght. Ye haue iiothyng to do to knowe 
 that, quod Orthone. No, quod the knight, I wolde gladly se the, to knowe what 
 forme thou arte of. Well, quod Orthon, ye haue nothing to do to knowe ; it 
 sufficeth you to here me, and I to shewe you tidynges. In faythe, quod the 
 knyght, I wolde loue the moche better, and I myght se the ones. Well, quod 
 Orthone, sir, sithe ye haue so great desyre to se me, the firste thynge that ye se 
 to morowe whan ye ryse out of your bedde, the same shall be I. That is suffi- 
 cient, quod the lorde : go thy way ; I gyue the leaue to departe for this nyght : 
 and the next raornynge the lorde rose, and the lady his wyfe was so afrayd that 
 she durst nat ryse, but fayned herselfe sicke, and sayd she wolde nat ryse. Her 
 husbande wolde haue had her to haue rysen. Sir, quod she, than I shall se Orthone ; 
 and I wolde nat se him by my good wyll. Well, quod the knight, I wolde gladly se 
 hym; and so he arose fayre and easely out of his bedde, and sat downe on his bedde 
 syde, wenyng to haue sene orthon in his owne proper forme ; but he sawe nothyng 
 wherby he might saye, Lo, yonder is Orthon. So that daye passed, and the nexte night 
 came ; and whan the knyght was in his bedde, Orthon came and began to speke, as he 
 was accustomed. Go thy vvaye, quod the knight ; thou arte but a Iyer : thou promysest 
 that I shulde haue sene the, and it was nat so. No, quod he, and I shewed myselfe to 
 the. That is nat so, quod the lorde. Why, quod Orthon, wha ye rose out of your 
 bedde sawe you nolhynge ? Than the lorde studyed a lytell, and aduysed hymselfe 
 well. Yes, truely, quod the knyght, nowe I remembre me, as I satte on my beddes 
 syde, thynkynge on the, I sawe two strawes on the pauement tumblyng one vpon an- 
 other. That same was I, quod Orthone ; into that fourme I dyde put myselfe as than. 
 That is nat ynoughe to me, quod the lorde : I praye the putte thyselfe into some other 
 fourme, that I maye better se and knowe the. Well, quod Orthon, ye wyll do so 
 moche, y ye wyll lese me and I go fro you, for ye desyre to moch of me. Naye, quod 
 the knyght, thou shake nat go fro me ; let me se the ones, and I wyll desyre no more. 
 W^ell, quod Orthone, ye shall se me to morowe : take hede, the firste thynge that ye se 
 after ye be out of your chabre it shal be I. Well, quod the knight, I am than cotent; 
 go thy way, lette me slepe. And so Orthone departed ; and the nexte mornynge the 
 lorde arose and yssued out of his chambre and went to a wyndowe, and loked downe 
 into the courte of the castell, and caste about his eyen ; and the firste thynge he sawe 
 ■was a Sowe, the greattest that euer he sawe, and she semed to be so leane and yuell 
 fauoured, that there was nothyng on her but the skynne and the bones, with long eares 
 and a longe leane snout. The lorde of Corasse had marueyle of that leane Sowe, and 
 was wery of y sight of her, and comaunded his men to fetche his houndes, and sayd, 
 Lette the dogges hunt her to dethe and deuoure her. His seruauntes opyned the 
 kenelles and lette out his houndes, and dyde sette them on this sowe ; and at the laste 
 the sowe made a great crye, and loked vp to the lorde of Corasse as he loked out at a 
 wyndowe, and so sodaynely vanysshed awaye, no man wyste howe. Than the lorde 
 
 of 
 ^ Bohemia. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 113 
 
 of Corasse entred into his chambre right pensyue, and than he remembred hym of 
 Orthon his messangere, and sayd, I repent me that I sette my lioudes on hym ; it is an 
 aduenture, and euer I here any more of hym, for he sayd to me often tymes, that if 1 
 displeased hym, I shulde lese hym. The lorde said trouthe, for neuer after he came 
 into the castell of Corasse ; and also the knight dyed the same yere next folowynge. 
 Lo, sir, quod the squyer, thus I liaue shewed you the lyfe of Orthone, and howe a 
 season he serued the lorde of Corasse with newe tidynges. It is true, sir, quod I ; but 
 nowe as to your firste purpose: Is the erie of Foiz serued with suche a messangere? 
 Surely, quod the squier, it is the ymaginacion of many that he hath suche messageis; 
 for ther is nothynge done in any place, but and he sette his mynde therto, he wyll knowe 
 it, and whan men thynke leest therof: and so dyde he whan the good knightes and 
 squyers of this countrey were slayne in Portugale, at Juberothe.'' Some saythe, the 
 knowledge of suche thynges hath done hym moche profyte ; for and there be but the 
 value of a Spone loste in his house, anone he wyll knowe wher it is. So thus than I toke 
 leaue of the squyer and went to other copany, but I bare well awaye his tale. 
 
 Nowe I wyll leaue to speke of the busynes of Portugale and of Spaygne, and speke of 
 the busynesse in Languedocke and in Frauce. 
 
 Horn a siege was layde to Breste in Bretaygne, and howe dyuers englysshe fortresses 
 about the countre of Tholous were recouered and turned frenche. 
 
 CAP. XXXVIII. 
 
 IN the season whyle these aduentures thus felle in Castyle and in farr marchesse, it 
 was ordayned by sir Olyuer of Clysson, constable of Fraunce, to make a bastyde before 
 the strong castell of Brest in Bretaygne, whiche the Englysshmen helde, and had done 
 longe, and wolde nat departe, nother for the frenche kyng nor for the duke of Bre- 
 tayne, to whom the castell shulde partayne. The duke of Berrey and the duke of Bur- 
 goyne, and the frenche kynges counsayle, hadde oftentymes written to the duke of 
 Bretayne, desyring hym to putte to his payne and dilygence to gette agayne his enheri- 
 tauce, the castell of Brest, for it was gretly to his preiudyce to suffre the Englysshmen 
 to enioye it: and the duke, what for The prayer of the sayde lordes, and also bycause he 
 wolde gladly haue had the possession of Brest in his owne hades, on a tyme he layd 
 siege therto, but nothyng he wan there, and so departed thens, and sayd, howe he coude 
 do nothyng ther ; wherat some knightes and squyers murmured and sayde, howe the 
 duke dyd but dissimule, for suche as were ther he tooke theym nat for his frendes, nor 
 wolde nat, for all the Peace that was made, that the castell of Brest shulde be in the 
 frenche kynges handes ; for if the frenchmen helde it, he shulde nat be lorde therof; 
 yet he had rather it were in the Englysshemens handes, for the Englysshemen durst nat 
 displease him. Wherfore, all thynges cosydred, the constable of Frauce thought that the 
 castell of Breest and the towne were nat mete to be enemy to the realme of Fraunce, 
 and thought it nat honorable for the duke nor for the knyghtes of Bretaygne to suffre it 
 as they dyde; therfore he ordayned to laye siege therto, with a great nombre of 
 knyghtes and squyers of Bretaygne : and he made chiefe capitaynes of them, the lorde 
 of Malestroyt, the vycount of Barleere," Morfane,' and the lorde of Roche Duraunt : 
 these foure valyant men wente and layde siege as nere to Brest as they might, and made 
 a bastyde, and closed it about with pales and stones, and tooke fro Brest all their issues, 
 excepte the see, whiche was nat in their power to close fro them : and often tymes 
 Vol. II. (^ there 
 
 ' Aljubarola. J; De la Belliere. ' Morfonace. I* Roche-darrien. 
 
114 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 there were scrimysshes and feates of armes done before y barryers, for suche as were 
 without, desyringe dedes of armes, wolde coe valyantly to the barryers, and they within 
 receyued theym as valyantly, so that often there were dyuers hurt on bothe parties ; 
 there were but fewe dayes but that some dedes of armes were done. 
 
 The same season there was in the marchesse of Tholousyn a valyant knyght of Frauce, 
 called sir Galtier Paschac, a good capitayne of men of warre ; he was of the nacyon of 
 Berrey, on the fronters of Lyinosyn ; and or his comynge, the seneschal! of Tholous, 
 sir Roger of Spaygne, and sir Hugh of Frodeuyll, and the seneschall of Carcassone, 
 hadde written into Fraunce to the Constable there of the state of the countre of Tholous 
 and Robestan,' and howe that dyuers of the companyons aduenturers, suche as were 
 yssued out of Lourde and of Castell Cuyllet, and had made warre for the Englysshmen, 
 helde in their handes the fortresses folowyng : as saynt Forget, the Bassere, the Mes- 
 nylle, Purpuron, Couall, Rochefort, Thedos Julyen,'' Naueret,' and dyuers other, wher- 
 by they had so enuyroned the cytie of Tholous, that the people coude nat yssue oute to 
 labour their vynes and landes, nor go on marchandyse, but in great paryll, without they 
 had truce, or patesed with them. And of all these castells, the chiefe capitayne was an 
 expert man of warre of Basque,'' called Espaigoullet ;' he dyd many marueylous dedes 
 in armes ; he toke on a tyme, by scalynge, the castell of Armayle, whyle the lorde ther- 
 of, sir Raymonde, was gone to Tholous, and he kepte it more than a yere ; and in the 
 meane season whyle he kepte it, he caused to be made a myne and a caue, whiche went 
 out of the castell into the feldes ; and whan the caue was made, he closed vp the entre 
 with stones, so that it coulde nat be parceyued that any waye was there vnder the yerthe: 
 and in the same meane season the lorde Raymonde of Armayle treated with Espayg- 
 noUet to haue agayne his castell for money. Whan the caue was finysshed, he agreed 
 with the lorde to delyuer vp the castell for two thousande frankes, and he and all his 
 to departe. Than the lorde entred agayne into his castell, and repayred it where it 
 was in defaulte : and a fyftene dayes after EspaignoUet, with his copany, in a night 
 came to the wode where the yssue of the caue was, and entred into it ; and so at the 
 hour of mydnight they toke the castell, and the lorde lyenge in his bedde, and raun- 
 somed hym agayne at two thousande frankes, and than let hym go ; but EspaygnoUet 
 kept styll the castell and a good garison, whiche after sore traueyled the countrey, with 
 other of his alyaunce and company. 
 
 For these maner of people that robbed and pylled thus in the marches of Tholous, of 
 Rouergue, and there about, vnder the colour of the Englysshmen, therfore thyder was 
 sente sir Gaultier of Paschac, with a certayne nombre of men of armes, to delyuer the 
 countre fro their enemyes : and so he came to Tholous, and sent for the knyghtes and 
 squyers therabout, and wrote to sir Roger of Spaygne, seneschall of Carcassone, who 
 came to serue hym, for sir Gaultier had a comissyon generall ouer all the offycers of 
 Languedocke : and so all suche as were sent for came with suche nombres as they might 
 make: sir Roger of Spayne came with a threscore speares and a hundred pauesses, and 
 the seneschall of Rouergue and sir Hugh Frodeuyll came with as many or mo. So 
 whan they were all togyder, they were a four C. speares and a M. pauesses: and also 
 there was the sonne of therle of Tereache' with a fayre copany, the lorde of barbason, 
 sir Benedic of Faguell,^ and Willyam Caudron,'' breton and their copanyes : scone 
 day they departed fro Tholous, and came before saynt Fora,ette, and there rested : and 
 there was capitayne a man of Bierne, a great robber, called the bourge of Taylsacke. 
 W'han these lordes and their companyes were come before Forget, they incontynent 
 
 went 
 
 f Rabestan. '' Le dos-JuUian ' Nazaret. '' Biscay. • Espaignolet. 
 
 ' d'Esterache. • FaignoUes. '" Conderon. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 115 
 
 went to the assaut, and the jrenowayes began sore to shote, so y scant they within durste 
 apere at their defence ; but the frenchmen myst of their purpose at this first assaute, 
 and so there they lodged all night and toke their ease, for they had ynoughe wherwith. 
 In the mornyng betymes they armed them throughe the host, and sowned their trum- 
 pettes to the assaute, and so they came in good ordre to the fote of the dyke ; he that 
 had sene than (the men of armes entre into the dykes, with their targettes ouer their 
 heedes, and tasted the dyke with their speares, and passed ouer to the fote of the wall), 
 wolde haue taken great pleasur. Whan the first were passed ouer the dyke, and had 
 shewed the way to other, than other folowed with great wyll, for it had ben great 
 blame to them if they had than taryed behynde and their copany before : and suche as 
 folowed them had matockes and pykes in their hades to pearse withall the walles, and 
 couered their heedes with targettes to receyue the stones that were caste downe, whiche 
 were no great plentie, for the genowayes shotte so surely with their crosbowes, that non 
 durste put out their heedes to their defence, for the genowayes crosbowes shotte so 
 surely, that lightly they myst nat of their leuell, so tliat ther were many within sore 
 hurte with their quarelles, in so moche that they doughted sore the shotte. This saute was 
 so sore contynued, that the mynours ouerthrewe a pane of the walle : than they within 
 were sore abasshed, and wolde than haue yelded them, their lyues saued ; but their ene- 
 myes had no luste therto, for they felle into so good handes, that they were all slayne, 
 for sir Galtier, their capitayne, comauded that it shulde so be: so there were none 
 taken to mercye, but all slayne, nat one that scaped. Thus these lordes of Fraunce at 
 their first comynge had the castell of Forget, and sir Gaultier delyuered it to the owner 
 therof, who loste it the same yere before ibr lacke of good kepyng, as dyuers other cas- 
 telles had bene before in Fraunce. 
 
 After the takyng of the castell of Forget, and that sir Gaultier had delyuered it to y 
 owner, the knight newe repayred it where as nede was, for the frenchemen had sore 
 dystroyed it in y assayling therof or it were won. Than they went to the castell of 
 Basse," of whiche Ernalton of Batefoyle was capitayn, and had greatly fortifyed it, for 
 he thought the frenchemen wolde visyte hym, as they dyde : and whan the frenchemen 
 came thyder, they layde siege therto, and than aduysed on whiche parte they might 
 best for their aduauntage gyue assaute, and determyned on a place ; and so on a day 
 they came to the saut on that parte as they thought moost feeble. There the Geno- 
 wayes crosbowes were ordayned to shote, and the assauters behynde the; and they 
 acquyted themselfe truely in doyng of their feate, for they shot so rudely at them with- 
 in, that none durst shewe theselfe. Ernalton of Batefoyle was at y gate where there 
 was a great assaute, and there he dyde marueylous in armes, so moche, that his enemyes 
 sayd among themselfe, Beholde yonder is a squyer of great herte, on whome his har- 
 nesse is well enployed, for he valyantly defended hymselfe ; it were well done some 
 bodye to shewe hym, that it were best for hym to yelde vp the castell, and to departe 
 some where elles ; and to shewe hym, that if sir Gaultier of Paschac Wynne hym par- 
 force, ther is no man can saue hym fro the dethe, for he hath sworne as many as he 
 wynneth parforce shall all dye or be hanged. Than the seneschall of Tholous co- 
 maunded a squyer of Gascoyne, called Wyllyam Alyedell, who knewe ryght well Er- 
 nalton, for he had ben dyuers tymes with hym in armes as his companyon, and he was 
 gladde to go, for he was lothe that Ernalton shulde haue hadde any domage, if he myght 
 do hym any good ; and so he came to the assaute, and made token that he wolde speke 
 with Ernalton for his great profyte ; and he answered he was content. Than the saut 
 rested on that syde, but nat on the other parte. Than this Wylliam sayd, Ernalton, 
 ye are happy, for certayne of yonder lordes haue sende me to you, for they haue pyte 
 
 0^2 on 
 
 * Bassere. 
 
116 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 on you ; for if ye be taken parforce, there is no remedy but dethe. Oure soueraygne 
 capitayne hath so ordayned, that you nor none of yours shall scape dethe, but to be 
 serued as they were of saynt Forget ; therfore they and I also wolde cousayle you to 
 yelde vp y fortresse, rather than to abyde thadueture ; for of one thyng ye may be 
 sure, we shall nat departe hens tyll ye be taken. Than Ernalton sayd, William, I 
 knowe well thoughe at this tyme ye be agaynst me, that ye wolde nat cousayle me to 
 any thyng to my dishonour. Knowe for trouthe, that if I rendre vp the holde, it shal 
 be so that I and all myne may safely departe, and carye with vs as moche as we maye, 
 and to be safely conducted to the castell of Lourde. On this condycion I wyll herken 
 to you, or elles nat. Sir, quod Wylliam, I haue nat so farre charge to commen with 
 you, but crladly I shal speke for you to my maisters ; and so he retourned to the senes- 
 chall of Tholous, and shewed hym all these wordes. Than sir Hughe of Frodeuyll 
 sayd, Lette vs go and speke with sir Gaultier, for I can nat tell what he wyll do: sithe 
 I haue gone so farr in the mater, I wyll se what he will do. Than they came to sir 
 Gaultier, who was styll at the saute, and sir Hughe of Frodeuyll sayd. Sir Gaultier, I 
 haue treated with the capitayne of the castel, and he is well wyllynge to yelde vp the 
 castell to vs as it is, so that he and all his maye go quite with all that they maye cary 
 with them, and to be safely conducted to the castell of Lourde ; therfore nowe, sir, 
 loke what ye wyll do, if we shulde lese one of our knightes or squyers, outher by shotte 
 or cast of stones, or by any perylous accident it shulde be gretter domage than we can 
 haue any profyte by puttyng of them to dethe whan we haue won them, whiche is nat 
 yet, for or they be won it wyll coste vs some of our people. Sir, that is true, quod 
 the seneschall of Carcassone ; suche assautes can nat be without some dethe and sore 
 hurtyng. 
 
 To those wordes sir Gal tier of paschac sayd, I am well cotent; cease the assaut ; we 
 haue more to do in other places : thus lytell and lytell we shall wynne the castelles that 
 these pyllers holde, though they departe nowe with a good market. Paraduenture her- 
 after they maye fall agayne in our hades, and than one tyme they shall paye for all ; 
 euer yuell dedes come to an yuell ende. In my dayes I haue hanged and drowned of 
 suche robbers fyue hundred ; and hereafter they shall come to the same pricke. Than 
 they that went on this treatie came agayne to the barryers to Ernalton Batefoyle : than 
 Wylliam sayd, by my faithe, Ernalton, you and all yours maye thake god and sir 
 Hughe of Frodeuyll, for he hath made your treatie as ye demaunde. Ye may departe 
 safely and all yours, and beare awaye as moche as ye can, and ye shall be safely brought 
 to Lourde. Well, quod Ernalton, I am contente, sythe it wyll be no better. Knowe 
 for trouthe, Wylliam, I shall departe fro this fortresse sore agaynst my wyll, for I haue 
 had great profite therby syth I was taken at the bridge at Turnay besyde Maluoysin, by 
 the Burge of spaygne, who had of me for my rausome two thousande frankes. To saye 
 trouthe, I haue well recouered myself here, and euer haue ben here in these fronters, 
 whiche I loue well ; for whan so euer I rode forthe, lyghtely I founde some good aue- 
 ture, outher by some marchaut of Robeston^ of Tholous, or of Rodes ; for the moost 
 parte euer I gatte somwhat. Than Wylliam sayd, sir, I beleue you well ; but and ye 
 wyll become frenche, I vndertake ye shal be clene pardoned, and to haue a thousande 
 frakes gyuen you, and I wyll become youre suretie that ye shal be euer good frenche, if 
 ye wyll swere yourselfe so to be. Sir, quod Ernalton, I thanke you ; but as for that I 
 wyll nat, for I wyll be still as yet Englysshe ; as god helpe me, I can nat fynde in my 
 herte to be good frenche. Returne to your company, and shewe them that this daye we 
 wyll order oure busynesse, and to morowe in the mornyng we shall delyuer vp the 
 castell and departe ; wherfore se that oure conducte be redy. 
 
 So 
 
 ' Rabestan. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. iiy 
 
 So than ceassed the saute, and the frenchemen went to their lodgynges, and so 
 passed the night at their ease, they hadde well wherwith ; and in the mornyng, whan 
 euery man was redy in the hoost, and that they were redy y shulde conducte the copan- 
 yons to the castell of lourde, than sir Hughe Frodeuyll, seneschall of Tholous, went 
 to take possessyon of the castell ; and whan he came to the castell, he founde Ernalton 
 of Batefoyle and his company redy to departe, and had trussed all that they wolde 
 cary. Than a knight of Lourde, called sir Monant of Salenges, conueyed the safely 
 wheder they wolde. Thus the castell of Basse" was wonne, and a squyer of the coun- 
 trey had the kepynge therof gyuen hym, and of the countrey, who was called Bertram 
 of Montesquyeu. Than these frechmen went forthe, and came to the castell of Pulpu- 
 ron, wherof the lytell Mechyne was souerayne capitayn, who had done great domage 
 to the countre therabout ; wherfore sir Gaiter of paschac sware by his fathers soule, y 
 non ther shuld be take to mercy nor rausome, but all to be hanged if he might gette the; 
 and so there he layd his siege. This castell stode on a rocke, a goodly castell to loke 
 on ; and there sir Gaultier sware neuer to departe thens tyll he hadde them at his plea- 
 sure : ther were many assautes, but they wan but lytell, for the castell was well defend- 
 ed. Well, quod sir Galtier, I can nat tell howe it wyll be : the frenche kynge is ryche 
 ynough to kepe a sege here, but as for me, I wyll nat departe in one yere, without 1 
 haue the castell at my pleasure: and suche as were with hym beleued hym well, and 
 ordred themselfe therafter ; and I shall shewe you howe it fortuned. Whan the capi- 
 tayns within sawe surely howe the frenchmen wolde nat departe thens tyll they had the 
 castell, whatsoeuer it cost them, than they douted the, and aduysed to departe thens, 
 wheder the frechmen wolde or nat, which they might well do, for they hadde a caue 
 that went out of the castell vnder the groude into a wode halfe a leage of: so whan An- 
 gerot, capiteyne of the castell, sawe the dealyng of the frenchmen, and knewe howe 
 they had promised nat to departe thens tyll they had the castell, outher by famyne or 
 otherwise, than he douted and sayd to his companyej Sirs, I se well sir Gaultier of Pas- 
 chac hath vs greatly in hatered, and I feare by longe siege he shulde famysshe vs, and 
 that to do he nedeth nat but to make a bastyde, and let it be kept but with a hudred 
 speares, so that none of vs than dare departe ; therfore I shall shewe you what we shall 
 do. Lette vs take all that we haue, and in the nyght we wyll departe by this caue 
 vnder the erthe, which is fayre and great, and without faut, it shall bring vs into a 
 wode a leage hens ; than shall we be out of all parell, for there is no man in the 
 host that knoweth it. They all agreed to his counsayle ; and in a night, whan they 
 hadde all trussed, than they toke torches and fagottes, and entred into the caue, whiche 
 was fayre and clere, and so they issued out therof into a wode halfe a leage fro the cas- 
 tell. Than ther were ynowe that knewe the wayes to other forteresses in Lymosin and 
 in Rouergue and some of them, whan they were oute of all parelles, toke other wayes, 
 and sayd, howe they wolde folowe the warres no lengar. Angerot and fyue with hym 
 wente to a towne and a castell in Piergourt,"^ called Mountroyall, and the lorde therof 
 receyued hym swetely, for he and all his landes were good englysshe, nor he wolde 
 neuer tourne frenche whan other dyd ; howbeit, there were dyuers other of his 
 opynion. 
 
 Thus they of the garyson of Pulpuron saued themselfe, and left no persone behynde 
 them, and were nere ther as they wolde be, or the frenchmen knewe of their departynge. 
 The thirde day after their departyng the frechemen ordayned to gyue assaut, and they 
 had m.ade an ingyn with four stages, and in euery stage there might be twentie cros- 
 bowes ; and whan all was redy, they set forthe this ingyn, the whiche they named. Passe 
 on before,"" to the weykest syde of the castell, and the genoways within the ingyn; and 
 
 whan 
 
 * Bassere. |' Perigord. ^ " Passavant." 
 
118 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 whan it was there as they wolde haiie it, there they shotte agaynst the castell, and no 
 body dyde appere ; than anone they parceyued that the castell was voyde, bycause no 
 body came to their defece: than they ceassed their shot, bicause they wolde nat lese their 
 quarelles: than tiiey came downe I'ro the ingyn, and came to y capitayns, who had 
 marueyle what they ment, and than they sayd, Sirs, without fayle there is no body 
 within the castell : Howe knowe you that'-* quod sir Gaultier : Sir, quod they, we 
 knovve it, for there is none appereth at their defence for all our shot. Than ther were 
 ordayned ladders to sette vp agaynst the walles, and they that mouted on them passed 
 ouer the walles, and entred into the castell, and founde no creature therin, and than 
 they wente to the gate, and there they founde a great bundell of kayes, and among 
 other they founde the kaye of the gate and opyned it, and than all the barryers one af- 
 ter another, wherof the lordes had great marueyle, and specially sir Gaultier of Pas- 
 chac; he wende they had ben departed out of the castell by enchautment, and than de- 
 manded of them that were about hym howe it might be ; the seneschall of Tholous sayd 
 to hym. Sir, surely they can nat be thus gone, without they haue some secrete waye 
 vnder the erlhe, which I thynke there be. Thanne all the castell was sought in euery 
 corner where any suche waye shulde be: there they founde in a Cellar the mouthe of 
 the alley open, and there all the lordes dyde beholde it ; and sir Galtier had great 
 marueyle therof, and demaunded of the Seneschall of Tholous if he knewe before of 
 any suche caue: sir, quod he, I haue herde or this therof, but I thought nothyng that 
 they wolde haue thus departed by that waye: By my faythe, quod sir Gaultier, they 
 begone the same waye; haue the castelles of this countre suche ordynaunce? Sir, quod 
 sir Hughe, there be dyuers suche castelles, as of olde tyme parteyned to Raynalt of 
 Montabon, that hath suche coueyauce, for whan he and his bretherne kepte warre 
 agaynst kynge Charlemayne of Fraunce, they were made all after this maner by 
 the counsayle and aduyse of Maugis theyr cosyn ; for when y kynge besyeged them by 
 puyssaunce, and that they sawe they coulde not resyst hym, then they wolde departe 
 without ony leue takynge, by meanes of these passages vnder the erthe. Surely, sayd 
 syr Brews," I lawde gretly y ordynaunce, I can not say yf euer I shall haue any warre 
 agaynst me or not, other by kynge, duke, or by ony other neyghboure that I haue ; but 
 as soone as I am retourned into my countrey I shall cause suche a myne to be made in 
 my castell of Pasac. So thus they toke possessyon of the castell, and set therin men of 
 warre to kepe there a garyson : and so then they wente further towardes y castell of Con- 
 uall, where Espaygnolet of papercaw basque** was capytayne, and with hym a good 
 nombre of these pyllers and robbers. 
 
 So these lordes and theyr company came to the garyson of Conuall, in Rabestan, and 
 layde syege therto, and then syr Gaultyer demaunded of the seneshall of Tholous, yf 
 Conuall auncyently perteyned to raynalte of Mountalban ; and he sayd yes : then there 
 is a caue vnder the grounde, sayd syr Gaultyer : syr, that is true, sayd syr Brews," for by 
 reason therof Espaygnolet wanne it the seconde tyme, and the owner within it. Then 
 syr Gaultyer sente for y knyght that was owner therof, and sayd to hym, syr, it were 
 good ye enfourmed vs of the myne y is out of this castell, and the yssue therof Then 
 syr Raymonde of Conuall sayd, syr, surely there is a way vnder the grounde, for ther- 
 by I was taken, and lost this my castel ; it was before of longe tyme decayed and de- 
 stroyed, but these robbers newe repayred it, and by y way they came on me ; and syr, 
 the yssue therof is in a wood not farre hence: wel, sayd syr Gaultyer, all is well. And 
 so iiii. dayes after he wente to the same wood, and had with hym CC. men wel armed ; 
 and Avhen he sawe the hole where the yssue was, he caused the erthe and busshes to be 
 auoyded, and then he lyghted vp many fagottes, and sayd to them y were ordeyned to 
 
 go 
 
 ' Walter. " A Biscayan. ' Hugh. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 119 
 
 go into the caue, syrs, folowe this caue, and it shal brynge you into the hall ol Conuall, 
 and there ye shal lynde a dore : breke it vp, ye are stronge ynough so to do, and to 
 fyght with them within: so they entred and came to y grece^ nere to the hall dore in y 
 castell, then with grete axes they strake at the dore, and by y tyme it was nere nyght 
 they within the castell made good watche, and perceyued howe by the myne they 
 wolde haue entred into the castell, and Espaygnolet was goynge to his rest; then he 
 came thyder, and there they cast stones, benches, and tymbre, before the caue dore, 
 to f entente that none sholde entre there, thoughe the dore were broken vp. This 
 was done, for other shyfte had they none of defence; but for all that, they within the 
 myne anone brake the dore all to peces, and yet were neuer the nere, for then they 
 had more to do then they had before; and whe they sawe it was impossible for them 
 to entre there, they retourned agayne to the oost, and by that tyme it was mydnyght : 
 the they shewed what they had fouiide, and howe they of Conuall had perceyued them, 
 and had so fortefyed the caue dore, that it was not possyble to entre by that way into 
 the castell. 
 
 Howe the caslelles of Conuall, of Bi/gore, and of Mesnyll, were taken, and all the)/ 
 within taken, slayne, and hanged. 
 
 CAP. XXXIX. 
 
 THEN syr Gaultyer of Paschat sente to Basse'' for the grete engyne, whiche was ta- 
 ken downe and brought thyther, and raysed vp on his wheles as it sholde be, and also 
 they apparelled other instrumentes for y assawte ; and when al was redy, then syr 
 Gaultyer, who gretly desyred to wynne this castell, caused his Trompettes to sowne to 
 the assawte : there was the seneshall of Tholouse with his company on y one syde, and 
 syr Roger of spayne, seneshal of Carcasso, on the other syde; also there was the lorde 
 ofBarbazan, syr Benedic, and lorde of Benoch, the lorde of ihe^ countye of Desterac, 
 syr Raymonde of lysle, and other knyghtes and squyers of the countrey ; then they 
 began the sawte, and they within to defende themselfe, whiche was nede, for they sawe 
 themselfe in a harde parte ; they knewe wel howe syr Gaultyer wolde take none to 
 mercy, therfore they thought to defende themselfe as longe as they myght, and to sell 
 theyr lyues derely : there the Geneways crossebowes shot sore, and hurte many within, 
 so that there were none within but doubted gretely. And there syr Gaultyer of Pasac 
 dyd meruayles in armes, and sayd to his company, what syrs, shall these rascalles holde 
 vs in hande all this daye thus ? yf it were agaynste good men of armes I wolde not mer- 
 uayle, for in them were mo feates of warre then in these rascalles that be within: it is 
 myne entent to dyne within the castell; nowe it shall be sene yf ye wyll accomplysshe 
 my desyre : with those wordes suche as desyred his good wyl aduauced themselfe forthe, 
 they toke many ladders and set them vp agaynst the wall, where as the engyne stode 
 with the crossebowes, who shot so fyersly that none within durst shew themselfe. Thus 
 by clene assawte y Frensshemen entred into y castel of Conual, theyr swordes in theyr 
 handes, chasynge theyr enemyes, and there were many slavne, and the other taken ; 
 then euery ma entred in at y gates : then it was demaunded of syr Gaultyer what sholde 
 be done with the that were taken : By saynt George, sayd he, I wyll they be all hanged ; 
 and incontynent his commaundement was done, and Espaygnoylet began fyrst. So the 
 lordes dyned in the castel, and the other people in the towne, and there they taryed all 
 
 that 
 
 ' " Aux degres" in the French; i.e. " to the steps." ° Bassere. * " The >.n of the Count." 
 
120 THE GRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 that clay : and syr Gaultyer delyuered agayne to y lorde of Gonuall his towne and castell, 
 and then ordeyned to departe thens. 
 
 Thus after the takynge of the castell of Gonuall, as ye haue herde, the Frensshmen 
 wente to another holde, called MastuU, whiche had done grete domage to y countrey, 
 with other, and there they made assawte, and they win defended themselfe, hut y was 
 not longe, for by clene assawte they were wonne, and the castell also, and all that was 
 within slayne and hanged vp. And when they of Rotchfort, and of other castelles, 
 knewe howe syr Gaultyer had wonne so many castelles, and that he toke none to mercy, 
 but outher slayne or hanged, they doubted moche for comynge to the same ende, wher- 
 fore they departed in y nyght tyme ; I can not tell whether they wente vnder the grounde 
 or aboue, for bytwene y castell of Rochefort, and the castell of Royx, were caues vnder 
 the erthe, for auncyently they perteyned to Raynolde of Mountalban : So the Frenssh- 
 men founde these castelles clene voyde when they came thyder ; then they newely re- 
 peopled it with men of warre and prouysyon. Then they toke theyr way towarde Tho- 
 lous to go into Bygore, for on y fronter of Tarbe there were two castelles, the one call- 
 ed Thedos Julyan,' and the other Nauaret,"" whiche gretely trauayled the countrey, and 
 y good towne of Tarbe, and the londes of the lorde Danchyn. 
 
 When syr Gaultyer of Pasac, and the lordes of Fraunce, and of Languedoc, had well 
 refresshed theym in the Gyte of Tholous, then they departed and toke the waye into 
 Bygore, and so came before the castell of le dos Julya,^ and there taryed and sayd they 
 wolde goo no further tyll they had wonne it ; thyder came to syr Gaultyer of Pasac, y 
 Seneshal of Nobesan," perteynynge to the Erie of Foys, for syr Gaultyer had sente for 
 hym to helpe to dryue out of the countrey the pyllers and robbers, who had renne as 
 well in the countrey of Nobessan,'^ as in other places ; also y Erie of Foyz consented 
 that he sholde so do, or elles he durst not haue done so; they were before dos Julya'' 
 XV. dayes or they had it ; y castell was stronge, and a good capytayne therin, a squyer 
 of Gascoyn, called Bruer de Brome.'' 
 
 Howbeit, they at the last hadde it, not by assawte, but by treaty, they within de- 
 parted, theyr lyues and goodes saued ; and also they were safely conuayed to Lowrde, 
 by a squyre called Bertram of Mountdyghen. And when these lordes of Fraunce had 
 Dos Julyen, then they toke aduyse whether they myght kepe it styll, or rase it downe 
 to the erthe ; then it was counsayled to bete it downe, bycause of them of Lowrde, who 
 were crafty and subtyle, fearynge y whe they sholde be gone, that they wolde wynne it 
 agayne ; so it was betten downe, and as yet the stones lye on a hepe, and lykely neuer 
 to be buylded agayne. Thus became of Dos Julyan.^ The they wente before Nauaret,"* 
 wherin there was also companyons adueturers, who had kepte it more then a yere ; and 
 when they knewe howe they of dos Julya" were departed, in lyke wyse dyde they, and 
 had a saufconduyte, and wente to lowrde, whiche was theyr chefe refuge, for they 
 knewe well no man wolde seke the there, without they wolde lese theyr payne, for y 
 castell of Lowrde was impossyble to be taken by force. 
 
 When the Frensshemen had rased the castel of Dos Julya,^ then they wente to Naua- 
 ret,'' and founde it all voyde ; then it was ordeyned to be beten downe, and so it was, 
 wherof they of Tarbe were nothynge myscontent, for y garyson had done the grete 
 domage ; then they wente to the castell of Dauchen,' in Bygore, standynge amonge the 
 mountaynes, in the entre of Byerne : and there they were a xv. dayes, and in that sea- 
 son made dyuers assawtes, and wanne the base courte and al theyr horses, but there was 
 a stronge towre on the rocke y coulde not be wonne : and whe the lordes sawe howe 
 
 they 
 
 i Le dos-JuUian. ^ Nazaret. ' Donnezan. — Johnts. ? Brunemote. ^ Auch. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 121 
 
 they lost there but theyr payne, and y Wyllyam Morenton, who kepte y holde, wolde 
 notyelde it vp, nor sell it, nor herke to no treatye, the they departed and retourned to 
 Tarbe: and then syr Gaultyer of Passac gaue leue to all his men of warre to departe, 
 and they were payde of theyr wages, or had suffycyent sygnement, so y they were 
 pleased; and he wcnte to Carcasson, and theraboute, and refresshed hym. And whyle 
 he lay there, tydynges came to hym out of Fraunce, and a comaundement fro the 
 kynge, that he sholde drawe to the garyson of Bounteuyll Xainton,* on the marches of 
 Burdeloys and Poyctou, whiche garyson was kepte by a capytayne called Saynt Foy, a 
 gascoyne: and it was sayd in Fraunce, y syr Johii Harpedan, seneshall of Burdeaus, 
 made a grete assemble of men of warre at Lyborne, to rayse the bastydes y they of Poic- 
 tou, and of Xainton, hadde layde before Bounteuyll/ To the kynges commaundement 
 obeyed syr Gaultyer, as it was reason, and toke with hym a Ix. speres, and a C. crosse 
 bowes, Geneuoys, and so departed fro Carcasson, and passed by Rouuergue, Agen, 
 and costed Pierregourt,'' and so came to Bounteuyll," and founde there the seneshalles 
 ofRochel, ofPoictou, of Pierregourt,'' and of Dagen, and a grete nombre o men of 
 warre. 
 
 In farre countres it maye be well meruayled of the noble royalme of Fraunce, 
 therin is so many cytees, townes, castelles, whiche be without nombre, and that as well 
 in farre partyes therof, as in the harte of the royalme ; ye shall fynde goynge from the 
 cyte of Tholous, to the cyte of Burdeaus, stondynge on the ryuer of Garon, Fyrst, 
 Langurant, Rions, Caldiac,' Bangou, saynt Macayre, the castell of Dorthe, Can- 
 doch, Geronde, larull niyllant, saynt Basyll, Marmande, Comont, Tannus, Lem- 
 nas, Dagenes, Montour, Agyllon, Thouars, porte saynt Mary, Clermont, Agen, 
 Ambyllart, castell sarasyne, le Hedo, Verdun, and bell mote ; and then takynge the 
 way by the ryuere of Dordone, whiche falleth into Garon, ye shall fynde these castelles, 
 on the one syde and on y other : Brouech, Fronsach, liborne, saynt Milion, Chatellon, 
 the mote, saynt Pesant, Montremell, and saynt Foy, Bergerach, Mortquinormons, and 
 the castell of teue ;"* and these castels some were Englysshe, and some Frensshe, and 
 so contynewed all the warre season, the Gascoynes wolde haue had it none otherwyse 
 to haue chosen, for in xxx. yere they neuer made othe nor promyse to ony man ; true 
 it was of y Gascoynes, Fyrst, by theyr meanes kynge Edwarde had chefe possessyon of 
 Gascoyne, and also the prynce his sone, and after they put the agayne fro it, as it is 
 clerely conteyned in this hystory : and by the good wyt and aduyse of kynge^Charles, 
 sone to kynge John, he drewe to his Idue by fayre meanes and grete gyftes, f grettest 
 lordesof all Gascoyne, as y erle of Armynake, and the lorde Dalbret. The prynce 
 lost them by pryde, for I Johan Froysarde, who wrote this hystory, the sarne season 
 that I was at Burdeaus, and y the prynce wente into Spayne, y Englyssheme were so 
 prowde, y they set nothyng by ony nacyon but by theyr owne : for the gentylmen of 
 Gascoyne, and of Acquitayne, suche as lost theyr goodes in y warre, yet they coulde 
 gete no maner of ofTyce in theyr countrees, for the Englysshemen sayd they were not 
 worthy nor able to haue ony, wherwith they were sore grudged in theyr myndes, and 
 when they myght they shewed it, for bycause of the hardnes that y Erie of Armynacke, 
 and the lorde Dalbret, founde in y prince, they forsoke hym and became Frensshe, and 
 so dyde dyuers other knyghtes and squyers of Gascoyne. Kynge Phylyp of Frauce, 
 and kynge John his sone, had lost the by pryde and hyghe mynde ; in lyke wyse so 
 dyde y prince and kynge Charles wynne them by fayrnes, by larges and humylyte, for 
 so wolde Gascoynes be delte Avithall ; and kynge Charles, to the entente that the loue 
 of these lordes sholde the longer contynewe, he made a maryage bytwene the syster of 
 Vol. II. R the 
 
 ' Bouleville in Saintonge. " Perigord. ' Cadilhac. '' These 
 
 - names agree with those in the Lyons' edition, but diffef so materially from Johnes' translation, that it 
 appears impossible to reconcile them together. 
 
122 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 the lady Isabell of Buihon, and the lorde Dalbret, and bytwene them were fayre chvl- 
 dren, and for this cause the loue endured the longer. And on a tyme at Paris, where 
 as I was, I herde the lorde Dalhret speke a worde, whiche I well noted, but I byleue 
 he spake it but in sporte ; howbeit, he spake it in grete sadnes to a knyght of Brytayne, 
 who had serued liyni Ijefore, for the knyght had demaunded hym of y busynes of his 
 countrey, and howe he was contente to be frensshe ; he answered and sayd, I thanke 
 god I do mctely well ; howbeit, I had more money, and my me also, whe we made war 
 lor the kynge of Englonde, then we haue now, for when we rode forthe at aduenture 
 we foude euer some ryche merchaunt, other of Tholous, Condon, or Bergerath: 
 lyghtely there was no day but we gate euer some good pray ; then we were fresshe and 
 ioly, and nowe we be as deed : then the knyght began to laughe and- sayd, truely this 
 is a lyfe of Gascoynes, lyghtly they wolde euer haue other menes domage. Therfore, 
 I that harde these wordes say, as I thought, y the lorde Dalbret repented hym in y he 
 was become frensshe, as y lorde of Musydent, Gascoyne, who was taken at the batayle 
 of Annet," and sware into the handes of the duke of Aniow, y he wolde come to Parys, 
 and become frensshe euer after ; so he came to Paris, and kynge Charles made hym 
 good chere, but for all y euer the kynge dyd, y lorde of Musydent departed agayne fro 
 Parys without ony leue, and wente into his coutrey, and became agayne Englysshe, and 
 brake all y promyses y he had made with the duke of Aniow : in lykewyse so dyde the 
 lorde of Rousen, the lorde of Duras, and the lorde of Languerant. Suche is the na- 
 cyon of Gascoyne : they be not stable, for they loue yet the Englysshemen better then 
 the frenssheme, for theyr warre agaynst y Frensshemen were more profytable for them 
 then agaynst the Englysshemen ; this is the pryncypall incydent y moost inclyneth 
 them therto. 
 
 Howe the kynge of Cypres was slayne and murdred in his bedde by Ids owne broder 
 by exhorlacyon and corrupajon of the infydelles, for the bountye and hardnes that 
 was in hym. 
 
 CAP. XL. 
 
 IN this same season there came other tydynges ito Frauce, for thider came kyng 
 Lyo of Armony,'' not w no grete company, but as a man chased out of his royalme, 
 wherof he was kynge, by the turkes, and al his royalme was vvonne, excepte one castel 
 standynge on y see, called Courthe, whiche was kepte by the Geneuoys, bycause that 
 castell was the key, yssue, and entre, by the see, to go to Alexandria, and into the 
 Sowdans londe: for these Geneuoys gothe a marchaundyse by the meanes of truage y 
 they pay into Rude,'^ and into Prester Johns londe, and in euery place they are wel- 
 come, bycause of y golde and syluer y they brought thyder, and for other merchaiidyse 
 y they exchaunge in Alexandria, in Cayr,** in Damas,*" and in other places amonge the 
 Sarasyns, for in suche maner the worlde is gouerned : for y is not in one countrey, is 
 in another, and therby euery thynge is knowen, and the Geneuoys he those y furthest 
 doth aduenture theyr merchaudyse; they be lordes of 5* portes of y se aboue y Veni- 
 sias, and more feared and doubted amonge the sarasyns, the ony other people on the 
 see *, they be valyaunt men and of grete entrepryse : a Galy well furnysshed of f Gene- 
 uoys, dare well assay iiii. Galeys of the Sarasyns ; the turke and Tartaryes sholde do 
 moche domage to chrystendome, yf the Geneuoys were not, bycause they be renomed 
 to be chefe lordes of the see, marchynge on infydelles ; therfore they haue euer I. Ga- 
 leys 
 
 ; Yurac, or Yuret, — Ante. ^ Armenia. 5 India. ■* Cairo. ^' Damascus. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. isg 
 
 leys and grete shyppes rynnynge on the see, to defende the lies, as y lie of Cypres, the 
 He of Rodes, y He dostye," and all the boundes of the see, and Grece vnto Tuikye ; and 
 they haue the towne and castel of Pere,'' stodynge on the see before Constantyne le noble," 
 whiche is kepte at theyr cost and charge, and iii. or iiii. tynies euery yeve it is refresshed 
 with y y is necessary. The Tartaryes and Turkes haue dyuers tymes assayed to gete it, 
 but they coulde neuer attayne therto, for they haue euer lost there more then they haue 
 wonne : for y castell of Pere'' stondeth on a rocke, and there is but one entre, whiche the 
 Geneuoys gretely dyde fortefye ; also theGeneuoys haue the towne and castell of Jason,"* 
 whiche is ryght noble, and a grete profyte to them, and to other nere countres of crysten- 
 dome, for yf Pere,'' Jason,'' Stycye,' and Rodes, were not with the ayde of the Geneuoys, 
 the infydelleswolde soone come to Gaiet, yea, and to Naples, to the porle of Cornet, and 
 to Rome; buty sayd garysons, whiche alwayes be well prouyded for with men of warre, 
 and Geneuoys, with the shyppes and galeys are euer redy to defende them, wherfore 
 the Turkes dare not aduenture on that partyes, but y they do is on y fronters of Con- 
 stantyne le noble," and towarde Hungery. Yf the noble kynge of Cypres, Peter of 
 Liesieguen,' who was so noble and valyant a prynce, and had conquered y grete cyte of 
 Alexadrie, and Satalye, yf he had lyued longer he wolde haue gyuen the Sowdan and 
 Turkes so moche ado, that sytli Godfrey of Boloyns dayes they had neuer so moche : 
 and y ryght wel knewe the Turkes, and Tartaryes, and infydelles, suche as knewe his 
 prowes and hygh dedes, and therfore to haue hym dystroyed they made merchaundyse 
 with the kynges broder, called Jaquet, y he sholde slee the kynge his broder ; and so 
 he dyd, for he slewe him in his bed, whiche was a fowle dede for bloode, to slee so va- 
 lyaunt a mu as was the kynge of Cypres, who intended and ymagened nyght and day 
 on none other thynge but how he myght wynne the holy londe, and to haue it out of 
 the handes of y infydelles; and syr Phelyp of Maysyeres, chauncellour to Peter of 
 Liesiegnen,' kynge of Cypres, wrote on his tombe as it foloweth, the copy wherof is in 
 y chapytre house of the freer Celestynes, in Paris : Peter of Liesiegnen,^ y vi. kyng 
 latyne of Iherusale, after Godfrey of Boloyne, and kynge of Cypres, who by his grete 
 prowes and hyghe empryse toke by batayle at his cost these Cytees, Alexandrie in 
 Egypte, Triple in Surie,^ Layas in Armony,'' Satalie in Turkye, and dyuers other 
 Cytees and castelles on y infydelles, and enemyes of the- lawe of Ihesu Cryst, (Ani- 
 ma eius requiescat in pace.) 
 
 And when the Geneuoys, who loued hym gretely, as it was reason, when they knewe 
 of his dethe they prepared vii. Galyes, and sente them into Cypres, and toke there 
 perforce the cyte of Samagose,' and Jaquet within it, and ouer ranne the best parte of 
 y royalme, and wolde haue destroyed the royalme, but bycause there were stronge 
 townes and fortresses to kepe fronter warre agaynst the turkes, therfore they lefte them 
 styl in the mennes handes of the countre, excepte the cyte of Samagose,' whiche they 
 kepte styll and fortefyed it, but when they wanne it fyrste, they had there grete ryches ; 
 and so they ledde with them to Genes'' this Jaquet, who had murdred his broder. True 
 it was this kyng of Cypres had a fayre sone, whom they maryed, and crowned kynge, 
 and put this Jaquet into strayte pryson, and wolde not put hym to dethe, and kepte 
 styll in theyr hades Samagose,' I knowe not yf they kepe it as yet or no. Then within 
 a season after y yonge kynge of Cypres dyed in his bed, wherof y Geneuoys were sore 
 dyspleased, but they coulde not amende it ; so y lande was without ony heyre: I can 
 not tell who gouerneth it nowe, but the same yere y I was in the erle of Foys house, it 
 was shewed me by a knyght of Biern, the lorde of Valenchyn, howe the Geneuoys had 
 a grete parte of the lande, and helde styl Samagose,' and how they of the countrey had 
 
 R 2^ crowned 
 
 ' Johnes calls this Candia. ^ Pera. ' Constantinople. '^ Jaffa.— Jo/inw. 
 
 ' I have no means of ascertaining what this word means. ' Lusignan. ' Tripoli in Syria 
 
 I; Armenia. ; Famagousta, '' Genoa. 
 
124 THE CRONYCLi: OF FROISSART. 
 
 crowned to theyr kynge the sayd Jaquet, for lacke of other heyre : I can not tell by 
 what meanes he came out of pryson, and out of the handes of y Geneuoys. When the 
 sayd kynge Lyon of Armony" came fyrst into Fraunce, y kynge there and the lordes 
 made hym good chere, as it was reason, for he was come thyder out of a farre countre ; 
 and so by hym and his was knowen tydynges of the royalme of Grece, and of the Em- 
 pyre of Constantyne le noble,'' for he was examyned of the puyssaunce of y Turkes, and 
 of the Tartaries, who had put hym out of his royalme; he answered and sayd, y the 
 grete Taco" of Tartarie had alway made hym warre, and it was he y had put him out of 
 his royalme. The he was demauded yf y Tacon" of Tartarie were puyssaunt : ye truely, 
 sayd he, for by his puyssaunce, with the puyssaunce of the sowdan, he hath subdued 
 the emperoure of Constantyne le noble ■} kepte'' the lawes of the Tartaries : the kyng an- 
 swered and sayd nay, but the Tacon'^ of Tartarie, and the sowdan, haue longe made 
 warre agaynst the Emperour of Constantyne le noble ;'' at the last he was fayne to make 
 his ende, or elles he coulde haue no peas, whiche emperour of Constantyne le noble'' 
 ■was sone to my lady Mary of Burbon, and sone to the emperour Hughes of lesiegne," 
 whiche emperour was fayne to giue his^doughter in maryage to y sone of y Taco" of 
 Tartarie ; howbeit, the emperour abydeth styli in his cryste lawe, and all is by reason 
 of comyctyon of this maryage. The it was demauded of hym what y erle Couiet' of 
 Sauoy dyd in ycountrey, seyng he was so valyaunt a ma, and had so grete a puyssaunce: 
 then the kynge answered and sayd, y when the erle of Sauoy was in y empyre of Hugry, 
 and made warre agaynst the turkes and tartaryes, there by his valyauntnes he conquered 
 on the Tartaryes, and on the Sowdans lande, two good townes, as Calipole,^ and Lo- 
 beme,'' and lefte men there to kepe them ; and after the retourne of the erle of Sauoy, 
 the townes were kepte styll cryste as longe as the good kynge of Cypres lyued, but as 
 soone as the Sowdan, and the Tacon*^ of Tartarie, knew of his dethe, they feared no- 
 thynge the Emperour of Constantyne le noble,'' but raysed an army of a C. M. horsemen, 
 and so came and ranne before Costantyne le noble,'' and fro thens they wente and be- 
 syeged Calipole,* and conquered it perforce, and slewe all the crysten men y were 
 within it, and had made so grete warre agaynst the Emperour of Costantyne le noble,'' y 
 all his puyssauce coulde not resyst the ; but they forbare hym by reason of his doughter, 
 whom the sone of y grete tacon" coueted to haue in maryage, whiche is a harde case for 
 the tyme to come, for the offycers of the Tacon" be as now in the cyte of Constantyne le 
 noble,'' so y the grekes there lyue vnder the, and by truage ; and yf the kynges crysten 
 put not therto a remedy, or at lengthe the matter shall go so euyll, y the Turkes and 
 Tartaries shall conquere all Grece, and tourne it to theyr byleue, for so they make 
 theyr auauntes ; they do mocke the popes, wherof one is at Rome, and another at 
 Auignyon ; they say y the ii. goddes of crystendome warreth eche agaynst other, wherby 
 they afferme our lawe to be the more feble, and the lyghter to be dystroyed, and con- 
 dempned ; they lay therto reason in y they that sholde exalte the crysten fayth, are y 
 fyrst that mynyssheth it, and dystroy it. Then it was demauded of the kynge of Ar- 
 mony," whether that the Sowdan, and the Tacon' of Tartarie, were ii. of the grettest 
 prynces amonge the infydelles y were knowen with the Grekes ; the kynge answered 
 and sayd, nay surely, they be not y gretest, for alwayes the turkes are more noble, more 
 greter, more sage, and more redoubted in warre, as longe as they haue a good heed and 
 gouernour, as they haue had this C. yere : for thoughe y Tacon' of Tartarie holde in 
 subieccyon the Emperoure of Constantyne le noble,'' yet y lorde of Turkey holdeth in 
 lyke wyse y' Taco ;' and this lorde of Turkey is called Lamorabaquin,' and to say the 
 trouthe he is a valyaunt ma in armes, and a wyse man in his lawe; of Lamorabaquin' 
 
 I 
 
 * Armenia. '' Constantinople. ' Cham. *■ " Then the lords asked if Constantinople," 
 
 omitted in this translation. ' Lusignan. ' Count Verd. « Gallipoli. 
 
 * Limonia. — Johnes. ' Amurath.— Froissart appears to have formed this strange name from the title 
 
 Moral beg or Moratbegyj givtn to this prince by the Turks, according to the Frere Anthoine Geufroy. 
 
THE CRONYGLE OF FROISSART. 125 
 
 I coplayne me not, for he neuer dyd me luirte, for he hatli alwayes kepte his varre 
 agaynst the Emperoure of Hiuigery. Then y lordes of Fraunce demaunded of hym yf 
 this Lamorabaquin' were so grete, and so feared as he sayd ; ye truely, sayd the kynge 
 of Armony,'' and more ihen'l speke of, for tlie Emperour of Costantyne le noble,' and 
 the Emperoure of Hugery feareth liym : in lyke wyse doth the Sowdan of Babylon, and 
 the Tacon'' of Tartaric ; and as I haue herde say of y Tartaryes, y Tacon'^ wolde or this 
 tyme further haue put vnder y Emperoure of Constantyne le noble,' but for doubte of 
 Lamorabaquin;^ y Tacon'' knoweth hym and his nature so well, for as sone as he 
 knovveth one gretter then hymselle, he wyll neuer haue ioy tyl he haue put hym vnder, 
 wherfore the Tacon* wyll not do to Costantyne le noble,' y he myght well do yf he 
 wolde. Then he was demaunded yf this Lamorabaquin^ had ony grete power of men ; 
 f kynge sayd, ye surely, for in xxx.' yere, where soeuer he wente he had euer in his 
 company a C. M. horses alwayes lodged in y feldes, and neuer entrcth into ony towne, 
 and for his garde he hath euer xx/AL turkes, and where so euer he goeth he hath his 
 fader with hym, and^ he hymselfe is of a Ix. yere of age, and his fader Ixxx. and x. and 
 he loueth moche y frenshe language, and suche as comelh thens ; he desyreth to se all 
 the grete lordes of y worlde, and'y frensshe kynge, and his estate and ordre, and one 
 speke to hym of Fraunce he is well content. Then y kynge was demauded why y La- 
 morabaquin' suffred y Tacon'' in peas, syth he was so grete an Emperour : bycause, 
 sayd y kynge, y the Tacon"* feareth hym, and dare make hym no warre ; and also there 
 be certayne townes and portes in Tartaric y yerely payeth trybute to Lamorabaquin," 
 and also they are all of one lawe, and they wyl not lyghtly dystroy theyr owne lawe, 
 and he meruayleth gretely of y warre amonge cryste me howe eche of them dystroyeth 
 other, wherfore he is often in mynde to come into crystedome, and to wyn all before 
 hym ; I wolde he had won my lade rather the y Tacon," for it had ben better for me. 
 He was demauded why ; and he answered and sayd : Lamorabaquin" is a lorde of noble 
 codycyon, and yf he were xxx. yere yonger he were lykely to make grete coquestes 
 where as he wolde employ his warre ; for when he hath wonne a countrey, towne, or 
 sygnory, he desyreth nothynge but truage, and leueth styll euery man in his owne by- 
 leue, and he putteth neuer no ma fro his herytage ; he desyreth nothynge but the soue- 
 rayne domynacyon ; wherfore I saye yf he had conquered y royalme of Armony, as the 
 Tartaries haue'' suffered me in peas, and my royalme styll in our owne byleue, by know- 
 ledgynge hym as my souerayne, as other grete lordes do y marche nere hym, as the 
 Grekes and Tracyens, who take hym for theyr souerayne lorde, wherby they are out of 
 doubte of the soueraynte of the Sowdan, and of the Tacon" of Tartaric ; the lorde of 
 Satalie, and the lorde de la Palice, and the lorde of Hawlte lodge, these iii. lordes and 
 theyr landes' are in peas, by reason of a truage y they pay to Lamorabaquin :" tlier is no 
 Turke nor Tartarien y dare do the ony wronge or domage. Then it was demauded of 
 y kynge of Armony,*" yf his lande were so clerely lost that it myght not be recouered 
 agayne : truely, sayd the kynge, it is without recouery, without the puyssaunce ot 
 crystendome come thyder stronger the the Turkes and Tartaries, for as 1 haue sayd, the 
 ferther they come forwarde, more they are lykely to coquere ; for excepte one towne, 
 called Gourth, which is the fyrst towne of the royalme of Armony,'' and is as yet in the 
 crysten mennes handes, al y resydue of y royalme is in y infydels handes : and where as 
 y chyrches were wonte to be, there they set vp theyr ydoUes and theyr mawmettes. 
 Then it was demaunded if the towne of Gourth were stronge : ye truely, sayd y kynge, 
 it wyll not be wonne without it be by loge syege, or elles betrayed, for it standeth nere 
 
 ' Amurath. '' Armenia. ' Constantinople. " Cham. ' This siiould l>e 
 
 " ere he ivas tldrty years old." ' x. ' " How old is he," omitted. ". " -^^ inould. 
 
 ; There appears no clue to elucidate this passage ; D. Sauvage expresses in a note his inability to discove.- 
 what places Froissart could have meant by the above names. * Mahumets. 
 
126 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 to the see in a drye place bytwene ii. rockes, whiche ca nat be approcfied ; for yf y Turkes 
 or Tartaries had it in theyr hades, and another good towne not ferre thens, called 
 Adelphe, all Grece were dystroyed, and Hungery sholde haue moche ado. Then it 
 was demaunded yf Hungery marched nere to Tartarie, and to the Turkes : the kynge 
 sayd, ye truely, and nerer to the Turkes and Lamorabaquin,^ then to ony other. Then 
 the lordes sayd, it is grete meruayle y Lamorabaquin^ sufTereth hym to be in rest, syth 
 he marcheth soo nere to Hungery, and he beynge so valyaunt a man, and so grete 
 a conquerour. In the name of god, sayd the kynge of Armony,'' or this tyme he 
 hath studyed as moche as he myght how to haue done domage to the royalme of 
 Hungery, and yf an incydent had not ben or this, he had ben farre in the countrey of 
 Hungery. He was demaunded what incydent it was ; and the kynge sayd, 1 shal shewe 
 you. 
 
 Howe the kynge of Armoni/' was examyned, and hoiye xxx. M. Turkes were slayne 
 and dystroyed in the royalme of Hungery. 
 
 CAP. XLI. 
 
 WHEN Lamorabaquin" sawe y all y lordes y marched nere to hym fered and 
 doubted hi, what for his coquestes and prowes, and how 5' «*1 the boudes of y see to 
 hiagery obeyed to hym ; also he saw wel how y valyaunt kyng of Hungery, Frederycke, 
 Avas deed, and hoAv the royalme was fallen to a woma, wherfore he aduysed hym to 
 conquere y royalme, and so made a grete somons in Turkye, and suche as he sente for 
 came to hym ; and so the this Lamorabaquin^ went forthe and lodged in y playnes of 
 Satalie, bytwene Palice and Haulte lodge, to gyue more feare to his enemyes, and his 
 entencyo was to entre into y royalme of Hugery ; and bycause y Hungery is a royalme 
 and coutrey, closed and enuyronned \v hygh rockes and moutaynes, wherby it is y 
 stronger, the he sente before hym his ambassadours and heraldes, w a mulet charged 
 w mylle, and he comaunded the to go into Hungery, to y erle of Lazaran, whose lades 
 lyeth bytwene y mountaynes of Melcabe, and of Robee, whiche way he purposed his 
 army sholde pas, and to shewe hym how he comaunded hym yf he thynke to lyue in 
 rest, and to haue his lande in peas y he obey to vs, in lykewyse as the lorde of Palice, 
 and the lorde of Satalie, and the lorde of Haulte lodge, hath done, and y he open and 
 gyue vs fre passage thrughe his landes ; and yf he say nay, and be rebell agaynst vs, 
 then shewe hym on our behalfe y I shall brynge as many men to dystroy his coutrey, as 
 there be graynes of mylle in the sacke. The ambassadours departed wel istructed of y 
 they sholde do, and so rode by theyr iourneys tyll they came into Hungery, into y 
 lande of the erle Lazaran, and foude hym in a castell of his called Archforme ; and 
 the erle lyke a sage lorde, receyued these ambassadours right swetely, and made the 
 good chere, but he had meruayle when he sawe entre into his courte the mule charged 
 with a sacke, and wyst not what it was : he thought it had ben golde or precyous stones, 
 y Lamorabaquin'' had sente to hym, to draAve hym therby to consente to suffre hym to 
 haue fre passage thrugh his coutrey ; howbeit, he sayd to hymselfe y he wolde neuer be 
 corrupted for no maner of ryches y sholde be presented to hym. The these messagers 
 came before the erle, and sayd, syr, of Lazaran, vnderstade we be sente Iro the hyghe 
 and redoubted lorde and souerayne kynge, Lamorabaquin,^ lorde of Turkye, w the 
 apertenauces, and we say to you on his behalfe y he comaudeth you to come to his obey- 
 
 saunce 
 
 • Amurath. . " Armenia. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 127 
 
 saunce, in lyke maner as ye knowe y your neyglibouis haue done, as the loide de la 
 Palice, y lorde of Haultc lodge, and the lorde of Satalie, haue done to hym homage: 
 and y ye open to hym the passages of your countrey, yf ye thynke to lyue in rest, and 
 in your so doynge ye shall deserue gretely his grace and loue ; and yf ye rebell and 
 disobey, we are charged to say to you, y our lorde Lamorabaquin^ wyl brynge into your 
 coutrey mo mc of amies then there be graynes of niylle in this sacke, and therw they 
 opened v sac, and shewed hym what was win it: and when y erle of Lazaran vnderstode 
 y ambassadoure of Lamorabaquin,^ and determyned in hymselfe to answere temporally, 
 and wolde not dyscouer his thought sodaynly, but sayd, close vp y sacke, I se ryght 
 wel what is therin. and I haue well harde what tliynge Lamorabaquin" demaundeth of 
 me : and win these iii. dayes 1 shall make you an aswere, for his request demaudeth 
 coijsayl : they answered and sayd, syr, ye speke wel : so trustyng to haue an aswere 
 they tarved there iii. dayes. Now shall I shewe you what y erle of Lazaran dyd in y 
 space of these iii. dayes: he sent and prouyded into y castell mo then ii. M. capos and 
 henes, and closed the vp into a house w out ony maner of mete, so y in iii. dayes they 
 ete no thynge ; and when the daye came that he wolde answere the ambassadours, the 
 he sent for them into a galary lokynge downe into a courte, and sayd, syrs, come hyder 
 and leane here with me, and I shal shewe you a newe thynge, and so answere you ; and 
 they knowynge not what he wolde doo, leaned downe in a wyndowe by hym : then the 
 gates were closed, and the courte was grete ; so his men were redy to doo as he had or- 
 deyned : then they opened a chambre dore or ii. where as all the pollayne were y had 
 eten no mete of ii. dayes before : then the seruauntes toke the grayne y was in the sacke, 
 and cast it all aboute before the capons and hennes, so y within halfe an houre al the 
 corne was ete vp clene, and wolde haue eten more yf they had had it : then the erle 
 sayd to the messagers, syrs, ye haue sene howe this grayne whiche you haue brought 
 hyder from your mayster is clene eten and deuoured, and brought to nothynge by 
 these pollayne, and yet they wolde ete more yf they had it ; y is true syr, sayd they, 
 •wherby speke you y ? I say, sayd y erle, your answere lyeth therin, as by ensaple ye 
 haue sene ; Lamorabaquin" sayth, y yf I obey hym not, he wyl brynge into my lande 
 men of armes without nombre : wherfore say vnto hym fro me, I wyl abyde it, and 
 he shall not brynge so many, but they shal be al deuoured, as this corne is deuoured by 
 this pollayne. 
 
 When the ambassadours harde this answere they were ryght pensyue, and so toke 
 theyr leue and departed, and dyde so moche by theyr iourneys y they came to Lamora- 
 baquin,* and shewed hym what the erle sayd, saynge, by semynge he set but lytell by his 
 manassyng: w this answere Lamorabaquin^ was sore dyspleased, and sayd, howe the 
 matter sholde not rest so, but whether the erle wolde or not, he wolde entre into his 
 coutre, and into hugery, and how he wolde dystroy the erles countrey, bycause he an- 
 swered hym so presumptuously. 
 
 Nowe shall 1 shewe you what the erle dyd, for he sawe well he wasdefyed of Lamora- 
 baquin," and knew wel he sholde shortely here other tydynges of hym ; therfore he made 
 prouysyon to defende hym, and wrote to alknyghtes and squyers, and to other, to come 
 to hym to stoppe the entre of Lamorabaquin^ into Hungery, comaundynge euery man 
 after the syght of his letters to drawe to hym, certefyenge tlie howe Lamorabaquin'' was 
 as then in y playnes of Haulte loge : all suche as the erle seute for obeyed wyllyngly, 
 and so came to the erle to defende crystendome ; and dyuers came to hym y were not 
 sente for, suche as harde therof, to exalte crysten faythe, and to dystroy y infydelles. 
 Also the erle Lazaran caused forestes and hyghe trees to be hewe downe, and layde 
 
 trauers 
 
 ' Atnurath. 
 
128 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 trauers one ouer another, wherby the Turkes sholde not fynde out ony newe way; and 
 then he with all his power came to a certayne passage, where as Lamorabaquin^ sholde 
 passe to entre into Hungery ; the erle had with hym a x. M. men of Hungery, and x. 
 M. crossebowes, and dyd set the on bothe sides of the way ; and also he had redy ii. M. 
 me of the countre, hauynge grete axes to cut downe the trees when he wolde haue them ; 
 and when al this was done, then he sayd to them y were aboute hym, syrs, without 
 double Lamorabaquin^ wyl come, syth he sente me worde he wolde do so : therfore syrs, 
 quyte yourselfe well, and valyauntly, to kepe and defende this passage, for yf y Turkes 
 Wynne it, al Hungery is in grete peryll to be lost ; we be here in a stronge place, one 
 of vs is worth iiii. of them; and also we were better to dye with honoure in defendynge 
 our herytages, and the fayth of Jesu cryst, the to lyue in shame and seruage vnder the 
 dogges infydels, thoughe Lamorabaquin^ be a noble wyse man in his lawe : syr, *sayd 
 they, we shall abyde y aduenture with you, let the Turkes come when they wyll, 
 we shall be redy to receyue them. Of this ordenaunce and passage the Turkes knewe 
 nothyng, for the erle of Lazaran, for doubte of spyes, had set men, suche as he trusted, 
 as well as hymselfe, to kepe y passages, y no ma sholde go to the Turkes, nother day nor 
 nyght. 
 
 Lamorabaquin^ forgate not his entrepryse, but sayd how he wolde go vysyte the lande 
 of the erle of Lazaran, to his grete domage, for he wolde not be reputed for a Iyer in y 
 he had promysed ; so he toke Ix. M. of his me, and set ouer the iiii. capytaynes of his 
 householde, as the duke of " Mansyon of Mecque, y keper of Damiet, Alphalori of Sa- 
 marie, and y prynce of Corde, called Brachyn ; and at theyr departynge he sayd to the, 
 syrs, go your waye w your copany, ye be suffycyent to open y passages into Hugery, 
 and entre into y lade of y erle of Lazaran, and dystroye it, and as soone as I may know 
 y ye be there, I shal come thyder to you with all y resydue of my people : for I wyl put 
 all Hungery vnder my subiectyon, and after, the royalme of Almayne :" the enchaun- 
 tours of my countrey, and of Egypte, saye it is my desteny to be lorde and kynge of all 
 the worlde ; and the place that I wolde moost gladlyest se is Rome, for auntyently it 
 was of our enherytauce, for our predecessours coquered and gouerned it dyuers tymes, 
 and there I wyll be crowned, and Galafre of Landas,"* the Tacon^ of Tartarye, and the 
 Sowdan of Babylone, shal crowne me : then they who were before hym on theyr knees 
 answered and sayd, syr, we shall accomplysshe your desyre and comaundement : and so 
 they departed w a Ix. M. Turkes, amonge whom there were xx. M. of the moost experte 
 men of warre, and best armed of all Turkye, and they ledde the vowarde. So longe 
 they iourneyed y they came in amonge the mountaynes of Lazaryn ; they founde no let 
 in the entrynge into y countrey ; so f vowarde entred in, and the duke of Mecque, and 
 the duke of Daniuet^ ledde them, and so this vowarde passed the Erie of Lazaryns en- 
 busshement ; and when the erle and the Hungeryons sawe theyr tyme, they set theyr 
 workeme a worke to cut downe trees, and to stoppe so y wayes y there coulde no mo 
 entre, nor they that were comen in to recule ; they were so closed in y it was not possy- 
 ble for ony ma to go ony further : so there was thus enclosed a xxx. M. turkes, who were 
 fyersly assayled by the Hungaryons, and so handeled on bothe sydes of the way that 
 they were there all slayne, not one y skaped, and the ii. dukes also slayne ; some 
 thought to haue saued themselfe in the woodes, but they were so chased y they 
 were all slayne : then they of the areregarde tourned backe whe they saw they coulde 
 not entre for the trees y stopped f way : so they retourned to Lamorabaquin,^ and 
 shewed hym the grete myschyef y was falle on his people, wherof he was meruayl- 
 
 lous 
 
 • Amurath. "- " Of" should be omitted. ' Germany. * Baadas Jolmes. 
 
 ' Cham. ' Damietta. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 129 
 
 lous sory and dyspleased; the he called his cousayle to know what was best for hym to 
 do, for he had lost y floure of all his chyualry, and so retourned and dyd no more at 
 that tyme. 
 
 When y kynge of Arniony' had shewed all this and his owne estate to the frenshe 
 kynge, and to the barons of Frauce, and to his counsayle, they had of hym grete pyte ; 
 and bycause he was come fro so ferre a coutre as Grece to seke counsayle and ayde 
 there, and bycause he was a kynge and chased out of his royalme, and had as then no 
 thynge to lyue on to maynteyne his estate. 
 
 The frensshe kynge, as yonge as he was, sayd, we wyl y the kynge of Armony,' who 
 is come hyder to se vs, in hope to haue some coforte, helpe, and ayde of vs to kepe his 
 estate as it aperteyneth to hym, who is a kyng as wel as we be, and whe we may, we 
 shal ayde hym w men of warre, and helpe to recouer his eherytauce, wherto we haue 
 good wyl ; for we are bounde to exalte y crysten faythe. The frensshe kynges wordes 
 were well harde and vnderstande, as it was reason, and there were none y sayd the con- 
 trary: the kynges vncles and counsayle were desyrous to accomplysshe his entent; so 
 the kynge of Armony," to maynteyne his estate, there was assygned to hym a certayne 
 rente and reuenues out of the chambre of accomptes, and so was well and truely payde 
 euery moneth ; his assygnement was a vi. M. frankes by the yere, and he had delyuered 
 hym at the fyrst v. M. frakes, to prouide for his lodgyng, vessel, and other thynges ne- 
 cessary ; and his lodgynge apoynted at saynt Andon*" besyde saynt Denyce, there to 
 kepe his house. Thus y kynge of Armony" was reteyned by y Frensshe kyng at his 
 fyrst comynge ; and dayly he encreased, and not apayred, and was somtyrae with the 
 frensshe kynge, and specyally at hyghe feestes. 
 
 Hotye pope Vrbane and pope Clement were at grete diyscorde togyder, and howe the 
 crysten kynges were in varyaunce for theyr lectyons, and of the warres byiwene 
 them. 
 
 CAP. XLII. 
 
 THE same season there came to Auignyon, to se the pope Clement, syr Othes of 
 Bresnyl,' to haue money for y warre he had made for hym agaynst y Romayns and 
 Bertram of Aigles,^ who wrote hymselfe pope Vrban y vi. as it is coteyned in his hys- 
 tory here before ; and there syr Othes shewed dyuers thynges to the pope and to y Car- 
 dynalles, wherin he was well beleued and harde ; but as for money he coulde gete none, 
 for y popes chambre was so clene voyded fro golde and syluer, y y Cardynals coulde 
 not haue y money y perteyned to theyr hattes : so this syr Othes of Bresnyll' departed 
 fro the, not wel content. At Auygnyon there was delyuered hym a M. frankes, and he 
 set lytell therby, wherby pope Clementes warre was sore weked, for syr Othes wolde in 
 no wyse medle ony more in the popes warres. The Margaret of Duras, who was at 
 Gaiecte,' and was aduersary agaynst the quene of Naples, wyfe sotyme to kynge Lewes, 
 duke of Aniow, she sente for this syr Othes to ayde her in y warre y she made agaynst 
 the Napolytanes ; and this syr Othes a certayne space exscused hymselfe, and dyssy- 
 muled and foded forth the tyme as he that wyst not what to do ; then some of his coun- 
 sayle dyde put hym in mynde to go to this Margaret of Duras, who was enherytoure to 
 Naples and to Cycyle, and to helpe to ayde and to defende her heritage,'and to take her 
 to his wyfe, for she was contente to mary hym, bycause he was of a noble blood, and 
 
 Vol. II. 
 
 Armenia. '! Ouen.— /o/««. • Otho of Brunswick. - Bartholomew Prignano. 
 
 • Gaieta. 
 
 of 
 
130 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 of hyghe extraccyon, and was lorde and kynge of the countrey called Daure ; and 
 some other of his cousayle counsayled hym contrary, saynge how he myght therby come 
 to an euyll ende, for the chyldre of kynge Lewes of naples, who was crowned kynge in 
 the cyte of Bari, thoughe they were but yonge, yet they had grete frendes and kyns- 
 men, and specyally the frensshe kynge theyr cosyne germayne, who wyl ayde them, 
 and theyr moder, Johan duches of Aniowe and of Mayne ; al these doubles some of 
 his counsayle shewed hym ; wherfore syr Othes forbare a longe season, and dyssymuled 
 the mater, and toke none of bothe partyes. The same season y sowdyours of pope Cle- 
 ment enclosed in y cyte of Peras' pope Vrban, and was besyeged by the lorde of Moe- 
 troy, a valiaunt knyght of the countye of Genes'" and of Sauoy, syr Talebart, a knyght 
 of the Rodes, and syr Bernarde de la sale ; and there pope Vrban was sore constrayned 
 and on y poynte to haue ben taken -, for, as I was then enformed, for the some of xx. M. 
 frankes, a capytayne almayne," who had a grete company with hym, called the erle 
 Courant,'' wolde haue delyuered pope Vrban into y handes of pope Clement ; wher- 
 vpon syr Bernarde de la sale was sent to Auygnyon to pope Clement for y sayd some of 
 money ; but the pope nor the Cardynalles there coulde not make the money, for y popes 
 courte was so poore, that they had no money; and so syr Bernarde de la sale retourned 
 euyll content to the syege of Pruce f and so then they dyssymuled the matter, and the 
 Prucyens in lykewy.se, and also this erle Courant ;"* and so pope Vrban yssued out of 
 Pruce"" and out of peryll, and wente to Rome and abode there. 
 
 I knowe ryght well that in tyme to come there wolde be had moche of these thynges, 
 Howe the churche sholde fall in suche troubles and endure so longe, but it was a plage 
 sent fro god, for the clargy to aduyse and to consydre well theyr grete estate and super- 
 fluyte that they were in ; but many dyde sette lytell therby, for they were so blynded 
 with pryde, that eche one thought to be as good as another; wherfore it wente euyll, 
 and yf our fayth had not ben confyrmed In y handes and grace of y holy goost, who in- 
 lumyned the harte of them y were gone out of the ryght way, and helde them ferme in 
 vnyte, elles our fayth had be gretely defourmed; but the grete lordes of the erthe at the 
 begynnyng dyd nothynge but laughe at the chyrche, tyl I Cronycled these Cronycles 
 in the yere of our lorde Jhesu Cryst M.CCC.lxxx. and x ; moche of the comon people 
 meruayled howe the grete lordes, as the Frensshe kynge, the kynge of Almayne," and 
 other kynges and prynces of crystendome, dyd prouyde no remedy in that case. There 
 was one thynge reasonable to appease the comon people, and to escuse the hyghe 
 prynces and kynges, dukes and Erles, and other lordes ; as, by ensample : the yolke of 
 the egge can not be without the whyte, nor the whyte without the yolke, no more maye 
 the Clergy and the lordes be one without another ; for the lordes are gouerned by y 
 Clergy, or they coulde not lyue but as beestes, and the Clergy were not : and y Clergy 
 counsayleth and exhorteth the lordes to do as they do: and I say surely I haue ben in 
 my tyme in dyuers partyes of the worlde, what for to accomplysshe my pleasure, and 
 to se noueltyes in the worlde, and to haue knowledge of the conquestes and aduentures 
 wryten in this boke: and, truely, the season y I wente thus aboute in the worlde, I 
 coulde lyghtly se no grete lorde but that he had a marmoset, or of y Clergy, or a boy of 
 symple iygnage mounted vp to honoure, by reason of theyr Jangelyng and raylynge, ex- 
 ceple the erle of Foys : for he had neuer none suche, for he was naturally sage, for his 
 wysdome was better than ony y coulde be gyuen hym; yet I say not that suche lordes 
 as are ruled by suche marmosettes be fooles, but rather more then fooles, for they be 
 sore blynded, and yet they haue two eyen. Whan the knowledge came fyrst to y 
 frensshe kynge Charles of the dyfference bytwene these two popes, he dyd put the 
 matter on y Clergy whiche way he sholde take them: they of the clergy olFraiince de- 
 
 termynedj 
 
 * Perugia. '' Geneva. ' German. ■" Conrad. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 13 1 
 
 termyned, and toke pope Clement for the moost siiiest parte; and to the Frensshe 
 opynyon acorded the kynge of Castcl and the kynge ot Scottes, bycause all the season 
 that the scysme was thus in the chyiche, Frannce, Castell, and Scullande were ioyned 
 togyder by alyaiince; and the kynge of Eng^londe and 5 kynge of Portyngale were of 
 the contrary oppynyo agaynst iheyr enemyes : the erle of Flaundres neuer inclined in his 
 courage to pope Cleniet y he sholde be ryght pope, bycause Vrba was fyrst chosen at 
 Rome, who was archebysshop of Bare. This Clement beynge Cardynall of Geane,* 
 wrote lettres vnto the noble Erie oi Flaunders, yiowe there was a pope chosen by due 
 electyon at Rome, and named Vrban : ^^heIfore he wolde not byleiie after on y Cle- 
 ment; and as longe as he lyued he was of that opynyon; so Avas ihe kynge of Almayne"" 
 and all the Empyre, and also y kynge of Hungry. Thus, then, 1 put in wrytynge the 
 state and dyfferencesy I had sene in my dayes in the worlde and in y chyrche; it was 
 no meruayle, tlioughe y lordes of the worlde suffered and dyssymuied y matter. This 
 brought to my remembraunce howe y when I was but yonge, and pope Innocent raygned 
 in Auygnyon, he helde in prysun a freer mynoure, called fieer Jolm Roche Tayllad ; 
 this clerke, as it was sayd, and I haue herde it priuely in dyuers places, he shewed and 
 aledged dyuers auctorytes of the incydenles and fortunes y fell after in his dayes in y 
 royalme of Fraunce ; and also he spake of the takynge of kynge John, and shewed cer- 
 tayne thynges reasonable howe the chyrche sholde suffre moche for y grete superfluytes 
 y he sawe in them: and while he was in prison, it was shewed me what he sayd to 
 the Cardynall of Ostie, called Dearras,'' and to y Cardynall of Au.xere, who wente to 
 vysyte hym and to argue with hym ; the he layde to them an ensample, as hereafter ye 
 shall here. 
 
 Lordes, sayd this freer, there was ones a fowle appered in this worlde without ony 
 fethers ; and when al other fowles knew y he was borne, they came to se hym, bicause 
 he was so fayre and pleasaunt to beholde. Then they ymagyned amonge them what 
 they niyght do for this byrde, for without fethers they knewe well he coulde not lyue; 
 and they sayd they wolde he sholde lyue, bycause he was so fayre : the euery fowle 
 there gaue hym of iheyr fethers, and the fayrer byrde the mo fethers he gaue hym, so 
 that then he was a fayre byrde, and a w-ell fethered, and began to fie: and y byrdes that 
 had gvuen hym of iheyr fethers, whe they sawe hym flee, they toke grete pleasure ; 
 and whe this byrde sawe hymselfe so Avell fethered, and that all other lowles honoured 
 hym, he began to waxe prowde, and toke no regarde of them that had made hym, but 
 pycked and spurred at them, and was contrary to them. Then the other byrdes drewe 
 togyder, and demannded eche other what was best to be done with this byrde that they 
 had made vp of nought and now so dysdayneth them. Then the Pecocke sayd, he is 
 gretly beautyed by reason of my fethers ; I wyl lake them agayne fro hym : in the name 
 of good, sayd the Fawcon, so wyli I haue myne ; and so sayd al the other byrdes: and 
 then they began to take agayne fro hym al the fethers y they had gyuen hym. And whe 
 this byrde saw that, he humbled hymselfe, and knowledged of y welth and honour that 
 he had, not of hymselfe but of them ; for he knewe that he came into y Avorlde naked 
 and bare, and y fethers that he had they myght wel take fro hym agayne whe they lyst: 
 then he cryed them mercy, and sayd, that he wolde amende hymselte, and noo more be 
 prowde ; and so then agayne these gentyll byrdes had pyte on hym, and fethered hym 
 agayne, and sayd to hym, We wolde gladly se y fle amoge vs, so tiiou wylte be humble 
 as thou oughtest to be ; but knowe surely, If thou be ony more prowde and dysdaynous, 
 we wyll take from y all thy fethers, and set the as we founde y fyrst. 
 
 Thus sayd y freer Johfi to y Cardynalles that were in his presence : Sirs, thus shall it 
 fall on you of the chyrche, lor the Emperour of Rome and of Almayne," and the other 
 
 S 2 kynge s 
 
 » Geneva. '' Germany. ' Cardinal of Arras, 
 
132 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 kyiiges crystened, and hyghe prynces of the worlde, haue gyuen you the goodes 
 and possessyons and ryches to the entente to seme god, and ye spende it in pryde and 
 superfluyte. 
 
 Ye rede not the lyfe of saynt Syluester, pope of Rome after saynt Peter ; ymagyne 
 and consyder howe the Emperour Costantyne gaue hym fyrst y dysmes of y chyrche, 
 and on what condycyon. Saynt Syluester rode nother with CC. nor CCC. horse abrode 
 in the >yorlde. but he helde hymselfe symply closed in Rome, and lyued soberly with 
 them of the chyrche, when the aungell of god shewed hym how y Emperour Consta- 
 tyne, who was as then but an infydell, sholde sende for hym ; in lykewyse the Empe- 
 rour had it by reuelacyon of an aungell, that Syluester sholde shewe hym y way of 
 helthe, for he was syke of the lypper, so y his flesshe fell in peces : and whe Syluester 
 came before hym, he shewed hym the way of baptysme, and so crystened hym; and in- 
 contynent he was hole: for the whiche y Emperoure Constantyne byleued in god and all 
 his Empyre, and gaue to Syluester and to the chyrche all the dysmes," for before, the 
 Emperoure of Rome helde them: and besyde that gaue hym many fayre gyftes and grete 
 sygnyoryes, augmentynge our fayth and the chyrche ; but it was his entencyon that the 
 goodes and sygnyoryes that he had gyue hym, y he sholde gouerne it humbly and 
 truely, and not to spede it in pompe and pryde ; but nowe a dayes they of the chyrche 
 do the contrary, wherwith god is dyspleased, and hereafter wyll be more dyspleased, so 
 that the grete lordes of the erthe wyll Avaxe colde in theyr deuocyons, and not be so 
 lyberall in gyuynge ony thynge to y chirche, but rather to be redy to take fro it y was 
 gyuen before ; and I thynke it wyll not be longe or this be sene. 
 
 Thus this freer, John of Roche tayllayd, whome the cardynalles helde in pryson in 
 Auignyon, shewed to them these wordes, and dyuers other, wherofthe cardynalles 
 were abasshed, and wolde gladly haue put hym to dethe yf they myght haue founde ony 
 iust cause agaynst hym ; but they coulde fynde none, and so sufired hym to lyue, but 
 they durst not let hym out of pryson, for he shewed his matters so parfyte, and layde 
 for hym hyghe scryptures, that peraduenture he myght haue made many in the worlde 
 to haue arred ; Howbeit, suche as toke more hede to his sayenge then I dyde, sawe many 
 thynges fall after accordynge as he sayd and wrote in pryson ; and all y he sayd he 
 wolde proue by the apocalyps ; the true prowes wherwith he armed hymselfe, saued 
 hym fro brennynge ; and also some of the Cardynalles had pyte on hym, and Avolde not 
 do theyr vttermoost to hym. 
 
 Nowe let vs leue to speke of these narracyons, and retourne to our pryncypall matter 
 and hystory of Spayne, of Portyngale, of Fraunce, and of Englonde, and recorde the 
 fortunes that fell in that season, whiche be not to be forgotten. 
 
 Ye haue herde here before howe kynge John, otherwyse called mayster denyce of 
 portyngale, bastarde broder to kyng Don Ferant, was in possessyon of the royalme of 
 Portyngale, by the helpe all onely of iiii. Cytees in Portyngale: but as for the nobles 
 and knyghtes of the royalme of Portyngale at the begynnynge acquyted them truely to 
 kynge Don Peter, and to kynge John otXastell, and tV his wyfe the lady Beatryce ; and 
 yet thoughe some helde the opynyon of that lady, neuerthelesse other named her a bas- 
 tarde: for she was doughter to a lady in Portvnjrale, called Elynoure, who had as then 
 her fyrst husbande on lyue, a knyght of y countre, syr John Laurence of Coygne ;'' and 
 y kynge of Portyngale had taken her fro hym, and the kynge maryed her, and put her 
 husbande out of Portyngale, who wente and dwelled with the kynge of Castell: for he 
 durst not dwell in Portyngale for fere of the kynge, who helde his wyfe, and yet he was 
 of hyghe lygnage. These thynges are to be meruaylled at; for kynge Ferant' of Por- 
 tyngale reputed his doughter as lawfully begotten, for he had a dyspensacyon of pope 
 Vrban the vi ; and then y peas was made bytwene the ii. kynges of Castell and Portyn- 
 gale, 
 
 Tithes. I' Lorenzo d'Acunlia. '^ Ferdinand. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 133 
 
 gale, and that a knyght of the royahne of Portyngale, called syr John Fei ant Audere, 
 who was chefe of counsayle with the kynge of Portyngale, treated of peas, and made y 
 inarya2;e bytwene kynge Ferant' of Portyngalles doughter and kynge John of Castell, 
 who \vas as the a wydower, and had maryed before y doughter of I3on Peter, kynge of 
 Aragon, thoughe y kynge of Castell and his counsayle dyd cast all these doubles, and 
 howe they fered lest the kynge of Portingales doughter sholde not be taken as heyre of 
 Portyngale after her faders dysseas ; but to put in suretye therofy kynge of Castell, the 
 kynge of Portyngale caused dyuers of the chefe lordes of Portyngale to swere, that after 
 the kynges dysseas to take her as theyr lady,! and to tourne the royalme of Portyngale to 
 y kynge'of Castell : also y kynge of Portyngale had bounde certayne good townes to 
 the kynge of Castel, to take hym as theyr kynge, on y payne of forfayture of ii. thou- 
 sande frankes : and thoughe this knyght, Johan Ferant Audere, dyde his busynes for a 
 good entente to make peas and concorde bytwene Castell and Portyngale at y instaunce 
 of his lorde, yet y comons of Lyxbone slewe hym, and chase to theyr kynge this mays- 
 ter Deuyce ;" for they sayd they wolde not be vnder the subiectyon of them of Castell, 
 they hated them so moche, for they coulde neuer loue togyder ; and also they sayd, y 
 the crowne of Portyngale myght not go to a woman, and that the queue of Castell was 
 not true herytour, but a bastarde, and worse then a bastarde: for kynge Ferantes' 
 lyuynges, and after his dethe Johan Ferant of Coygne' lyued, who was husbande to 
 that ladyes moder ; and therfore they chase this mayster Denyce," and was crowned by 
 these iiii. Cytes, Lyxbone, Vyc,'' Eure," and the porte' of Portyngale: they sayd they 
 wolde haue a kynge amonge them ; and one of the chefe incydentes that moued y co- 
 mons to be agaynst the kynge of Castell was as I shall shewe you. The Spanyardes, 
 whom I call Castellyans, when the maryage was made bytwene them and Portyngale, 
 and that y kynge of Portyngale had graunted, that after his dysseas the royalme sholde 
 go to the kyng of Castell : Euer when the Spanyardes mette out of ony of the Portyn- 
 gales, they wolde mocke the, and say, syrs, whether ye wyll or not, nowe ye shall come 
 to our daunger ; we shall holde you vnder subiectyon and seruage, and kepe you lyke 
 slaues and Jues, and do with you as we lyst ; and they wolde answere and saye, they 
 trusted that sholde neuer be, and neuer be vnder subiectyon of ony other man lyuyng 
 excepte god ; and for suche causes and wordes reprouable of the Spanyardes, y Portyn- 
 gales toke this mayster Denyce,^ bastarde broder to kynge Ferant,' and made hym 
 kynge. In his broders dayes there was no rekenynge made of hym, nor the kynge,^ 
 that the comons wolde neuer haue chosen hym to theyr kynge, and forsake his doughter 
 as they dyd; howbeit, often tymes this sayd knyght, syr Johii Ferant Audere, sayd to 
 the kynge, how^ that this mayster Denyce,'' his basterde broder, had gretely the grace of 
 the comons of the royalme ; wherfore he sayd it had ben good he had ben put to dethe ; 
 but kynge Ferant^ answered and sayd, howe the comons sholde neuer haue puyssauce to 
 do ony thynge agaynst the wyll of the noble men of his countrey : and how that his 
 sone in lawe, the kynge of Castell, sholde euer be puyssaunt ynough to constrayne 
 them, and to chastyce them yf they rebelled after his dyssease ; Avherfore he sayd there 
 was noo cause to put his bastarde broder to deth, nor put hym in pryson : sayng how he 
 was his broder, and a man of relygyon, and had ynoughe to lyue on besyde the crowne 
 of Portyngale; and so he was lefte alyue. 
 
 These foresayd poyntes and artycles be true, for I the auctoure of this booke haue 
 ben suflBcyently enfourmed therof by the nobles of Portyngale ; it is a thynge to be 
 meruayled at, to make a bastarde a kynge ; and they of Portyngale saye, and as yet 
 sayth, that the queue of Castel, the lady Beautryce, doughter to y lady Elynour of 
 
 Coygne, 
 
 ' Ferdinand. '■ Grand Master of Avis. " Lorenzo d'Arunha. ■* Coimbra. 
 
 ' Ourique. ' Oporto. ' " Supposed." 
 
134 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 Coygne,^ was a bastarde, therfore they wolde not take her as quene of Portyngale, nor 
 none heyre that came of her: the same opynyon the erle of Foys layde to y knyghtes of 
 his countrey when they wente into Spayne to ayde the kynge of Castel, for he had ben 
 suffycyently infourmed in tlie matter bytwene Portyngale and Castel; wherfore he sayd 
 to the at theyr departyng, Syrs, ye haue nothynge to do to busy yourselfe bytwene 
 Castell and Portyngale, for the quene of Casteil, who was doughter to kynge Ferant''of 
 Portyngale : it is a warre euyll begon ; there maye moche euyl come to them that be 
 busye in that matter ; but they answered hym, syth they had receyued wages of suche a 
 man as the kynge of Castell was, they must nedes go and serue hym ; and so they wente, 
 and moost parte of them there dyed, as ye haue herde here before. 
 
 Nowe let vs retourne to the busynes of Portyngale ; for they be not for to be lefte for 
 the grete aduentures that there hathe falle; and to cronycle al thynges as they haue 
 fallen, to the entente that in tyme to come they sholde be founde wryten and regystred ; 
 yf aduentures were not knowen, it were grete domage, and by clerkes y auncyently 
 haue wryten and regystred the hystoryes and bookes, therby y hystories are knowen ; 
 there is not so perpetuall a memory as is wrytynge ; and truely I saye to you and wyll, 
 that they that come after me sholde knowe, that for to knowe the trouth of this hystory, 
 I haue taken therin grete payne in my dayes, and haue serched many royalmes and 
 countreys to knowe the trouthe; and haue had acquayntauce of many valyaunt me, and 
 haue sene dyuers bothe of Fraunce, of Englonde, of Scotlande, Castell, Portyngale, and 
 of other landes, Duchyes, and Countyes, suche as they and theyr landes hath ben 
 conioyned in these warres ; and with them I haue spoken, and ben instructed and in- 
 fourmed, and I wolde not that onv enquest sholde passe vnknowen, syth I knewe it to 
 be true and notable. And whyle I was in Byerne with y erle Gaston of Foys, I was 
 there enfourmed of dyuers busynesses, suche as fell bytwene Castell and Portyngale ; 
 and when I was retouined agayne into my countrey in the countye of Heynalte, and in 
 the towne of Valencennes, and that I had refresshed me there a season, then I deter- 
 myned me to folowe the hystory y I had begon ; then I aduysed in myne ymagynacyon 
 howe I coulde not suffycvently be instructed by the herynge of them that susteyned the 
 opynyon of the kynge of Castell, but that in lykewyse I ought to here the Portyngales 
 as well as the Gascoynes and Spanyardes that I herde in the house of the erle of Foys: 
 and in the waye goynge thyder and retournynge, 1 toke noo regarde to the payne or 
 trauayle of my body, but so I wente to Bruges in Flaunders, to fynde there some of y 
 royalme oi Portyngale and of Lysbone, for there were euer some of y countrey : be- 
 holde ifmy^ne aduenture were good or no; yf I had sought a season vii.yere, I coulde 
 not haue come to a better poynte then I dyd then ; for then it was shewed me, that if I 
 wolde go to Meldebourc'' in Selande, I sholde fynde there a knyght of Portyngale, a 
 valyaunt man and a sage, and of the kynge of Portyngales counsayle, who was newly 
 come thyder, and w as goynge thens by see into Pruce,'' and howe he coulde iustly and 
 playnly shewe me of the busynes and aduentures of Portyngale, for he knewe and had 
 ben ouer all the countrey. These tydynges reioysynge me, and so I wente fro Bruges 
 with one of Portyngale in my company, who knewe ryght wel this knyght, and so we 
 came to Sluse, and there toke the see, and dyd so moche by the grace of god, that we 
 came to meldebourc ;' and the Portyngales that were in my company aquaynted me with 
 this knyght, and I founde hym ryght gracyous, sage, honourable, courtoys, arayable, and 
 acqu.iyntuble ; and so I was with hym vi. dayes or there aboute; and this knyght en- 
 fourmed me of all y busynes bytwene the royalme of Castel and Portyngale syth the 
 dethe of kynge Ferant'' tyll the departynge of that knyght out of that countrey ; he 
 shewed me euery thynge so playnly and so gracyously, that I toke grete pleasure to here 
 
 hym 
 
 * lyAcunha^ ^ Ferdinand. f Middleburgh-, '' Prussia. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 135 
 
 h\Tn and to wr^-te it : and when I was enfourmed by hym of all that I desyred to knowe, 
 I toke leue of h\Tii, and he conueyed me to my shyp, and so dyd dyuers other ryche 
 merchauntes of his countrey, who were come fro Bruges and fro other places to se hym; 
 and in his company there was the sone of Nauarre' in Portyngale, and d^-uers other 
 knyo-htes and squyers of that royalme ; but he had the chefe honoure amonge them ; and 
 certaynly by that I coulde se and ymag:^•ne of hym and of his estate he was worthy to 
 haue honour, for he was of noble porte and goodly stature, and lykely to be a valyaunt 
 man : and whe I retourne agayne fro Rome into myne owne countrey, I shall busy me 
 to make relacyon of the wordes of this gentyll knyght, called syr John Ferant Portelet, 
 and shall cronycle all that hatha fallen in Portyngale and in Castell vnto the yere of our 
 lorde M.CCC.lxxx. and x. 
 
 Howe they of Portyngale sent out mtssageres into Englonde, to shewe tydynges of theyr 
 coutrey to the kynge of Englonde and to the greie lordes there. 
 
 CAP. XLIII. 
 
 NOWE sheweth the hvstorv v after this mayster Denys,^ kyng Johnof Portyngale 
 had dvscomfvted kynge John of Castell at y batayle of Juberoth.^ nere to y abbaye called 
 V Cabbase," where' as so many noble knyghtes and squyers of Fraunce, Gascoyne, and 
 Bverne were slayne ; and that the kynge of Ports-ngale, for that fayre and vyctor>-ous 
 iourney, was gretelv doubted and honoured of the Portyngale?, and was receyued after 
 his vvctory into Lysbone with grete glory of al the people, and there with grete 
 tn.-umphe was crowned with lawrell, as auncyently kynges were wonte to be crowned 
 after they had dyscomfyted ony kyng in batayle ; and there in Lysbone was grete feest 
 or the departure of suche knyghte's and squyers as were there, and the counsayles of the 
 £Ood townes and cviees of }" royalme. Then there was a parlyament and a counsayle 
 holden. howe they might perceyuer in theyr opinyon honourably; for certa\Tie of the 
 sages of the royalme sayd howe it was necessary for them to se how they myght fortefye 
 theraselfe agaynst f kyng of Castel and his puyssaunce, so \- they myght honourably 
 abyde in thevr victory,'an"d to multiply and exalte. In this parlyament at Lysbone, holde 
 in the cathedral chyrche of saynt Dominicke, there were many deuyses recyted 
 whiche nede not to be rehersed ; but the rest and conclusyonof this parlyament was, that 
 thev sholde sende into Englonde to the duke of Lancastre. who cla%-med of ryght the 
 entierytauce of Castell. b>^ reason of 5' lady Constaunce his wyfe, eldest doughter to 
 kynge Don Peter of Castell, and to wryte'to hym that if euer he wolde clayme ony 
 r\-ght in the royalme of Castell, and to set forwarde his busynes, whiche longe hath 
 hanged in balaunce and in aduenture to be lost, y he wolde come into Portyngale with a 
 company of men of armes and archers, for as then it was tyme conuenyent for hym so 
 to do. Then the erle of Nauarre.* constable of Portyngale. in fayre language sayd, 
 Syth we be agreed to sende into Englonde to the duke of Lancastre, by whome we 
 thynke to be ayded, whiche is the moost profytablest waye for vs. to cause our enemyes 
 to feare vs. therfore let vs aduvse in our rovalme sage personages and notable to do 
 this message, and to enfourme so y duke of Lancastre and his counsavle to come into 
 this countrev so stronge as to resyst our enemyes with suche ayde as he shall haue of 
 vs ; for we may well suppose that the k>-nge of Castell wyll gete grete ayde of the 
 Frensshe kynge. The Frensshe men of warre wote not where better to enploy theyr 
 season, for they haue peas \V Englonde vnto the feest of saynt John; and also the 
 Frensshemen haue ferme peas with v Flemynges, who hath occupyed them before 
 
 dyuers 
 
 ' Coont of XoTaire. * Mai-^r of Aris. ' Aljubarota. ' Alcobafar.— /•An**. 
 
136 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 dyuers yeres. The erle of Nauerres'' wordes were well accepted, and euery ma sayd 
 howe he spake well to the poynte, and y so they wolde do. Then there were named 
 by sad delyberacyon of" counsayle, that the grete mayster of saynt Jaques in Portynwale 
 and Laurence Fongasse, a ryght sage and dyscrete squyer, Avho coulde ryght well speke 
 y language of Fraunce, howe they sholde goo on this message into Englonde, for they 
 coulde sende none of the counsayle of Portyngale that better coulde doo that message 
 then they. Then there were letters wryten in good Frensshe and in Latyn to the 
 kynge of Englonde, to y duke of Lancastre, and to his bretherne y erle of Cambrydge 
 and Bokyngham ; and when these letters were wryten and grosed vp in Frensshe and in 
 Latyn, then they were redde before y kyng and his counsayle there, and well lyked, 
 and so sealed and delyuered to the grete mayster of saynt Jaques and to Laurence Fon- 
 gase, who toke on the y charge to here them into Englonde, so they myght passe the 
 daungere of the see, and encouteryng of ony enemyes and robbers of y see ; for as wel 
 there were robbers on y see as on y lande. So they toke a shyp called y Lyn, whiche 
 wolde sayle with all maner of wyndes more surelyer then ony other shyp : so on a day 
 they toke theyr leue of the kyng, and of the archebysshop of Connymbres,'' and of the 
 grete counsayle of Portyngale, and wente to the see, and sayled towarde Englonde, and 
 were iii. dayes on y see without syght of lande, and on the fourthe day they sawe 
 Cornewall. 
 
 They sped so well by theyr iourneys, and, by the ayde of god and good wynde, y- 
 they costed Cornewall and f boundes of Englonde, and so aryued saufely without 
 peryll in the hauen of Hampton," and there cast ancre, and so yssued out of theyr 
 shyppe, and wente and refresshed them in y towne : and there they were e.xamyned by 
 the baylyffe of Hampton,'' and suche other as were kepers of y cost, of what coutrey 
 they were, and fro wliens they came, and whyther they wolde ? They answered to all 
 theyr demaundes, and sayd, howe they were of the royalme of Portyngale, and sente 
 thyder fro theyr kynge and his counsayle. Then they were welcome, and had good 
 chere ; and when they had refresshed them there, and prouyded for horses for them 
 and for theyr seruauntes, then they rode to London by guydes, for they knevv not the 
 countrey, and so were lodged at the sygne of the Fawcon, and sente backe agayne theyr 
 horses ; and it fortuned so well for them that y kynge and his vncles were at West- 
 mynstre, wherof they were ioyfuU ; they came to Londo in the fore noone, and so 
 dyned, and after dyner they toke theyr letters and wente to the duke of Lancastre and 
 to the duches : and when y duke and the duches knewe of theyr comynge, they were 
 ryght ioyfuU, for they desyred to here tydynges fro Portyngale ; there had ben shewed 
 the dyuers tydynges, but gretely they dyd not byleue it, bycause they had no letters 
 therot out of y countrey. Then y grete mayster of saynt Jaques and Laurence Fongase 
 entred into the dukes chambre, and the duches there present ; and bacause y Laurence 
 Fongase coulde speke frensshe, he spake fyrst; and when he had made his reuerence 
 to the duke and to the duchess, and delyuered them letters fro Portyngale, y duke toke 
 his, and the duches hers, and so red theyr letters ; and then the duke sayd to the mes- 
 sageres, Syrs, ye be ryght welcome into this countrey, and to morowe ye shall go to the 
 kynge and we shall do you the ayde Ave can, as it is reason. Then the duches drewe 
 Laurence Fongase aparte, and demauded of hym tydynges out of Castell and Portyn- 
 gale: to euery thynge this Laurence answered. Then y duke called for wyne and 
 spyce, and so they dranke, and toke theyr leue and retourued to theyr lodgynge; and 
 in y mornyng they wente agayne to y duke, who had herde masse, and so then they 
 entred into a barge, and wente by Avater to Westmynstre, where y kynge and the moost 
 parte of his counsayle was. The duke entred into the counsayle chambre, and sayd to 
 
 the 
 
 ! Count of Novaire, ^ Coimbra. ' Southampton. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 137 
 
 the kynge, Syr, here is y grete mayster of saynt Jaques in Portyngale, who hath hrought 
 you letters fro y kynge ; wyll it please you to se them? With a good wyll, sayd y 
 kyno-e. Then the ii. messagers kneled downe before the kynge, and Laurence Fongase 
 delyuered his letters: the kynge toke them, and caused them to be redde : also they 
 delyucred letters to the erle of Cambrydge and to the erle of Bokyngha ; eche of them 
 redde theyr letters. The kyng answered y messageres ryght swetely, and sayd : 
 
 Syrs, ye are welcome into this countrey ; your comynge dothe vs grete ioy, and ye 
 shal notdeparte without answere, suche as shall please you and all your busynes : let 
 myne vncles here haue them in remembrailnce. So they thanked the kynge and de- 
 parted out of y counsayle chambre, and wente downe into the palays, abydynge for the 
 duke of Lancastre, who taryed tyll it was hyghe noone. Then the duke of Lancastre 
 toke his two bretherne witii hym to dyner, and wente by water, and these messageres 
 with the. The erle of Cambrydge knewe ryght well the grete mayster of saynt James 
 and Laurence of Fongase, for he had sene them'before in Portyngale ; wherfore after dyner 
 he comoned with the of dyuers thynges in the presence of his other two bretherne, and 
 demaunded them of the maryage of Castell, and of her that sholde haue ben his dough- 
 ter in lawe, the lady Beautryce. To all his demaundes the ambassadours answered 
 wysely and truely, wherby the lordes were ryght well contente and pleased. 
 
 Trewe it was, that before these ambassadours were comen into Englonde, the duke of 
 Lancastre, and the erle of Cambrydge his broder, had dyuers counsayles togyder for the 
 ryght they claymed by theyr Avyffes. The Erie of Cambrydge, as ye haue herde before, 
 Avas not well contente with kynge Ferant^ of Portyngale, nor with the men of warre 
 there, for they had lodged xv. dayes in the feldes before y Castellyans, and yet kynge 
 Feranf nor the Portyngales wolde neuer fyght with the ; yet the erle the same tyme 
 shewed y kynge his defaulte, and sayd, syr, I haue here in my company of poore En- 
 glyssheme a C. speres and a M. archers ; and al we are Avyllyng to fyght with our 
 enemyes, and to abyde the aduenture that god wyll sende vs : but kynge Ferant^ an- 
 swered euer that he was not counsayled to fyght ; wherfore, when the Erie saw that, he 
 departed thens, and toke with hym agayne'his sone out of Portyngale; and when he 
 Avas departed, then the kynge of Portyngale accorded with kynge John of Castell, and 
 maryed his doughter to hym to make the peas: and this treatye was made by syr John 
 Audre,"" a knyght of portyngale. The kynge there had all his trust in hym. The 
 kynge of Portyngale demaunded of his doiigliter whether she had rather haue the 
 kynge of Caste'l, or the erle of Cambrydge sone? She answered and sayd, howe she 
 loued better Johii of Englonde then John of Castel. The kynge demaunded Avhy she 
 sayd soo? She answered, bycause Johii of Englonde Avas a goodly personage and of 
 her age, and that Avas the cause she Avolde not haue the kynge of Castell : howbeit, her 
 fader, to haue peas with the Spanyardes, made that maryage. Also the erle had sayd 
 to the duke of Lancastre his broder, that kynge Ferant" ones deed, he doubted that the 
 comons of the royalme of Portyngale Avolde rebell agaynst the lady Beautryce, for the 
 moost parte of the royalme (for al y theyr kynge had maryed her moder, the lady Elya- 
 noure of Coygne') ; yet they helde not the kynges doughter to be borne in lawfuU ma- 
 ryage, but reputed her as a bastarde, and murmured theron Avhyle the erle Avas there ; 
 Avherfore he Avas the gladder to take away his sone thens. The duke of Lancastre, to 
 Avhom y matter touched nerer then to the erle of Cambrydge, bycause he had maryed 
 the eldest syster, heyre to Castell, and he had a fayre chylde by the lady Constaunce his 
 wyfe, Avherfore he euer desyred to be truely and iustly enfourmed of y busynes in those 
 partyes, and dyd set his mynde howe he myght exalte and further his tytle; and he 
 gawe clerely that as then he coulde not haue so good an entre into Castell as by the 
 
 Vol. n. T royalme 
 
 ' Ferdinand. " Audere. " D'Acunlia. 
 
138 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 royalme of Portyngale, specyally seynge howe he was desyred and requyred of the 
 kyng of Portyngale, and of the bnrons and comons of the royalme; and also consyder- 
 ynge howe the kynge of Portyngale that was then, was a noble sage prynce and valyaunt, 
 seynge howe he had dyscomfyted the kynge of Castel in playne batayle and all his 
 puyssamice, wherby the dnke y soner enclyned to go into Portyngale: and also the 
 kynge of Englonde and his counsayle was agreed therto; but to the entente to be iustly 
 enfourmed of all the busynes, state, and condycyon of the countrey of Castel, and of the 
 ryght that the lady Beautryce claymed to the crowne of Portyngale, and also of the 
 ryght of kynge Johfi of Portyngale, whome the comons had crowned to theyr kynge, 
 for this entente, on a daye the duke made a dyner to these ambassadours of Portyngale 
 in his owne lodging, and after dyner he made euery man to departe, and called these 
 ambassadours to hym ryglit amorously, and demaunded of them of the busynes of Por- 
 tyngale ; and bycause that Laurence Fongase couldespeke Frensshe, the duke addressed 
 his words vnto hym and sayd, Laurence, I requyre you to shew me, from poynte to 
 poynte, the condycyon and maner of your londe of Portyngale, and what hath fallen 
 there and in Castell syth my broder, the erle of Cambrydge, was there ; for the kynge 
 of Portyngale hath wry ten to me, that there is no man in Portyngale y can enforme me 
 more iustly then ye can do, and in this ye shall do me a grete pleasure. Syr, sayd 
 5' squyer, I shall fulfyll your pleasure: and then began to speke, and sayd in this 
 maner : 
 
 Syr, syth the departure of your broder, the erle of Cambrydge, out of Portyngale, 
 there hath fiillen grete trouble and dyscencyo in the royalme, and in grete aduenture to 
 haue ben lost ; but, thanked be god, the busynesses there are as nowe in good poynte and 
 fermely stablysshed ; but and god had not wrought by his grace, the matter had gone 
 euyll, and all thrughe the defaulte of kynge Ferrant^ last dysseased. This is the op- 
 pynyon of the moost parte of the royalme; for kynge Ferrant^ in his dayes loued sore 
 a lady, wyfe to a knyght of his, called syr Johii Laurence of Coygne,'' and bycause of 
 her beautye he wolde haue her by force. The lady withstode the kynges desyre as 
 longe as she myght, but at the laste he had her, and sayd, Dame, I shall make you quene 
 of Portyngale; for thoughe I loue you, it is not for your hurte, but to exalte you, for 
 I wyl mary you. Then the lady on her knees wepynge sayd, syr, sauynge your dys- 
 pleasure, I can haue none honour to be quene of Portyngale ; for you knowe, and so 
 doth all the worlde, that I haue an husbande all redy, and haue hadde this v. yere. 
 Elyanoure, sayd the kynge, make none escuse, for I wyll haue none other wyfe but 
 you ; but I shall quyte you from your husbande or I mary you. The lady coulde gete 
 none other wordes of the kynge ; and she shewed all the matter to her husbande ; and 
 when }' knyght knewe therof, he was sory and malencolyous, and regarded and studyed 
 what were best for hym to do, and sayd to hymselfe, I wyll not thus leue my wyfe ; 
 howbeit, he doubted the kynge, and wente out of the royalme of Portyngale into Castell 
 to kynge Henry, who receyued hym and reteyned hym to be of his house as longe as he 
 lyued, and soo dothe kynge John that nowe is. Thus the kynge of Portyngale, to ac- 
 complysshe his folysshe pleasure, sente for the knyght and for the lady ; but the knyght 
 was goone. Then the kynge sente for the bysshoppe of Connymbres,'^ who was as then 
 chauncelloure of Portyngale, and of the kynges counsayle ; and the kynge shewed hym 
 his entent, how he wolde wedde Elyanoure of Coygne ■,^ and the bysshop fered the 
 kynge, bycause he knewe hym of an hyghe and a fyerce condycyon ; therfore he durst 
 not saye contrary to the kynges pleasure : and also syr John Ferrant Audere, who was 
 chefe of counsayle with the kynge, to please the kynge, sayd to y bysshop, Syr, ye may 
 wed them wel ynoughe, ones y kynge shal make recompence for all ; so y bysshop 
 
 wedded 
 
 ' Ferdinand. V Lorenzo d'Acunha; ' Coimbra. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 139 
 
 wedded them, and this lady was crowned quene, and so reputed in al ) grele Cytees in 
 Portyno-ale, and had as moche honoure and reuerence as cuer hadde ony other quene ni 
 the royalme of Portyngale ; and the kynge had by her a doughter, who as nowe is quene 
 of Castell. True it was, that whyle k'ynge Ferant' lyued, he sente on a day to Lysbone 
 for all the prelates and noblemen of the countrey, and for the counsayles of the Cytees, 
 portes, and townes of Portyngale, and this was or your broder the erle of Cambrydge 
 came into Portyngale ; and there the kynge made euery man to swere and to promyse, 
 that after his dy°sease they sholde take his doughter, the lady Beautryce, who was as 
 then but fyue yeres of aege, for herytoure of y royalme of Portyngale : euery man sware 
 whether they wolde or not ; howbeit, the moost parte of them y were there knewe ryght 
 well that she was but a bastarde, and borne in aduoutrye : for her moders husbande was 
 styll lyuynge, called syr John Laurence of Coygne,'' who lyued in Castell with the 
 kynge there as longe as kynge Ferant' of Portyngale lyued, and lengar; howbeit, syr, I 
 thynlce surely yf the kynges doughter had ben a sone, that all the comonaltye of Por- 
 tyngale wolde soner haue agreed to hym the to his doughter ; for to her they sayd, they 
 Avolde neuer agree, but had rather dye then to be vnder the subiectyon of the royalme 
 of Castell. 
 
 For as yet the royalme of Portyngale and the royalme of Castell neuer loued par- 
 fytely togyder, but hathe often tymes haryed and made warre eche with other, in lyke- 
 wyse as the royalme of Scotlande dothe with y royalme of Englonde. 
 
 Then the duke of Lancastre demaunded of Laurence Fongase where kynge JohR that 
 nowe is, broder to kynge Ferrant,^ was in kynge Ferrantes' dayes ? Syr, sayd the 
 squyer, he was in the royalme of Portyngale, in a house of relygyon, wherin be 
 knyghtes of an ordre in whyte habytes with a reed crosse ; and he was souerayne of that 
 liouse, and was called mayster Denyce." The kynge set lytell by his broder, but made 
 hym ruler of that house of Denyce f nor also kynge John that nowe is medled nothynge 
 with the busynes of the royalme, nor thought nothyng of the crowne therof ; for yf 
 kynge Ferrant' of Portyngale had thought ony thynge'of that is fallen syth he loued 
 his lady Elyanoure and the lady Beautryce her doughter, he wolde haue slayne his 
 broder, who is nowe kynge; butbycause he sawe that he kepte his house with the bre- 
 therne of his ordre so niekely and duely, he had no suspecte in hym, but so let hym 
 lyue in peas : and, syr, as for the dyssencyon that is nowe bytwene Portyngale and Cas- 
 tell, surely, syr, to saye the trouthe therin, y Spanyardes are cause therof. Why so? 
 sayd y duke. I shal shewe you, sayd the squyer. The Castellyans, when they sawe 
 that kynge Ferrant' had maryed his doughter to theyr kynge, then they began to be 
 prowde, and began to speke grete wordes, whiche sore greued the Portyngales : for the 
 Spanyardes wolde say, O yePortyngales, rude people lyke beestes, the tyme nowe is 
 come that we shall haue a good market of you, for ye haue ben and shall be ours ; we 
 shall deuyde and set you in companyes, as we do the Jues who dwelleth by truage vnder 
 vs ; ye shall be our subiectes : with other venymous wordes ; often tymes they sayd thus 
 when they met the Portyngales : and whyle kynge Ferrant" lyued, and had maryed his 
 doughter into Castell, they engendred suche an hate, that they murmured and sayd, 
 it were better to be deed the to be vnder the daunger and subieccyon of y Castellyans; 
 and so kynge Ferrant' fell syke, whiche endured a hole yere ; and Avhen he was deed 
 and Ijuryed in the chyrche of saynt Fraunces, a relygyous house of freers in the cyte ol 
 Lysbone, then the cytees, good townes, and castelles in Portyngale closed theyr gates, 
 and they sente for the kynge that nowe is to Lysbone, who knewe ryght well the ententes 
 . of the iii. other cytees, as Connymbres,'* Porte, and Eure." Then they sayd, Mayster 
 Denyce' (so he was called as then), we wyll make you kyngeof this royalme, thoughe 
 
 T 2 ye 
 
 'Ferdinand. V Lorenzo d'Acunha. "^ Master of Avis. * Coimbra. f Oporto and Ourique. 
 
140 THE CRONYGLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 ye be a bastarde ; but we say that your cosyn the lady Beautryce, queue ol' Castell, h 
 borne rather a basterde than you, for as yet lyueth her moders fyrst husbande : and syth 
 it is so that the crowue of Porlyngale is fallen in two wayes, we wyll take for vs the 
 moost profytable, and also the moost parte of the royalme enclyneth to make you our 
 kynge, and that the crowne of Portyngale shall not go to a woman, nor we wyll not be 
 vnder the subieccyon of the kynge of Castell, nor of the Castellyans ; we had rather ye 
 sholde take all that we haue, to ayde and to maynteyne vs and our fraunches, the the 
 Castellyans sholde be maysters ouer vs ; wherfore, syr, receyue our gyfte, for we wyl it 
 shal be thus. Then this mayster Denyce,^ who is as nowe kynge, wolde not receyue 
 theyr offre at the fyrst nor seconde request, but answered and sayd, Good people, I 
 knowe well of good affeccyon and entyer loue ye offre me the crowne of Purtyngale, 
 whiche is a grete thynge : and where as ye saye that I haue as grete ryght or more to the 
 crowne as my cosyn the quene of Castell, in lykewyse I thynke the same: for true it is 
 she is a basterde, for as yet lyueth her moders husbande, and is in Castell ; but there is 
 one poynte, ye all alone can not do this matter ; it behoueth that al the nobles or grete 
 parte of them agre therto. The they of Lysbone answered and sayd, syr, we haue 
 ynowe ; we knowe all redy the courage of dyuers, and also the oppynyon of them of the 
 iii. chefe cytees of this royalme besyde vs, as Connymbres,'' Porte, and Eure f then the 
 kyng sayd, let it be as ye wyl, I am content ; ye know well that this lady Elyanoure, 
 who is called quene of this royalme, is as yet here in this cyte, and her counsaylloure 
 with her, syr John Ferrant Audere, who wyll kepe the crowne of Portyngale and the 
 herytage therof for y quene of Castell ; for he made fyrst the maryage to make peas 
 bytwene Castell and Portyngale: and peraduenture the kynge of Castell wyll sende for 
 hym hastely, to helpe to subdue his rebelles ; wherfore nowe, at the obsequye of my 
 broder, whiche shal be shortely, wherat most parte of the nobles of this royalme and 
 Cytees wyl be, it were good to prouyde for remedy in that behalfe. Then they that 
 were presente sayd, syr, that ye saye is true ; we shall prouyde therfore, as we shall here 
 syr Johii Ferrant speke ; and so as then theyr counsayle ended. 
 
 It was not longe after but that the obsequye was kepte at Lysbone in the freers, where 
 as kynge Ferrant'' lyeth ; and there were many of the nobles of Portyngale, for they 
 were desyred so to be by y quene and by syr John Ferrant Audere, who gouerned the 
 quene ; and there was the kynge that nowe is, with a grete nombre of the comons of the 
 countrey, and specyally of the thre cytees, Connymbres,'' Eure, and y porte of Por- 
 tyngale,*" for they all agreed and consented to them of Lysbone. And when the obyte 
 was done, syr John Ferrant Audere desyred, in the quenes name, the nobles that were 
 there presente, that they sholde not departe thens that daye nor the nexte, saynge howe 
 the quene wolde haue theyr counsayles what sholde be done to sende into Castel for 
 kyng John and his wyfe, the lady Beautryce theyr lady, who was herytoure by ryght to 
 the royalme of Portyngale : all the nobles, or a grete parte of them that herde his 
 wordes, made lytel therof, for they doubted sore the comons that were there essembled, 
 for they had herde dyuers of them murmure, saynge how they wolde crowne to be 
 theyr kynge mayster I)enyce f also syr John Ferrant Audere had herde lyke wordes ; 
 therfore he desyred the nobles of the royalme toabyde there with liym, to ayde and sus- 
 teyne his opynyon ; but they f;jyled hym, for as sone as the kynges obyte was done in 
 the foresayd freers, and y queue Elyanour was retourned to her lodgyng, then euery 
 man cryed to horse, and so al or the moost parte mounted on theyr horses, and so de- 
 parted fro Lysbone ; some taryed styll, suche as were on the kynges partye y nowe is, 
 and they wente to theyr lodgynges, and kepte themselfe pryuely and dyssymuled the 
 matter, for they well ymagyned the matter to fall as it fell, as I shall shewe you howe. 
 
 When 
 
 ; Master of Avis. ^ Coimbra. f Oporto and Ourique. ""Ferdinand. 
 
TIIE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 141 
 
 When the kyiiges obyte was done, tlie comons of Lysbone and of the other thre cytees, 
 suche as were there, retourned not shortely to theyr lodgynjj^es, but wente to the cathe- 
 dral chyrche of Lysbone, called saynt Domynycke, and there they assembled, and 
 mayster Denyce^ with them ; there they had g,rete counsayle togyder, vvhiche counsayle 
 endured not longe, for the kynge that nowe is sayd vnto them: 
 
 All ye good people, I vnderstande ye wolde make me your kynge ; and, surely, I 
 saye it is my ryght ; and yf ye wyll perceyuer in that purpose, it is tyme to sette a 
 worke, and to shewe your dede and puyssaunce, for ye knowe ryght well that syr John 
 Ferrant Audere dothe procure the nobles of the royalme to sende lor y kynge of Cas- 
 tell, and he saylh and maynteyneth that the crowne of Portyngale perteyneth to the 
 kynge of Castel by the ryght of my cosyne his wyfe ; and I saye, yf ye Avyll ayde me, it 
 is my ryght rather then hers ; ye knowe all the maner, for I am a man, and broder to 
 kynge Ferrat,'' and sone to good kynge Peter of Portyngale, who gouerned you valy- 
 auntly. True it is, my cosyne the queue of Castell was doughter to kynge Ferrant,'^, 
 but that was not by lawfull maryage. Then they of Lysbone sayd vnto hym, Syr, all 
 this is true ; we wyll haue none other kynge but you, and we wyll make you our kynge, 
 loke theron who wyll ; but ye shall swere vnto vs, that ye shall be good to vs and kepe 
 lustyce, and ye shall not flatter no more with the grete lordes tlien with the small 
 people, and ye shall kepe and susteyne with good herte, with the ayde that we shall 
 gyue you, all the ryght perteynynge to Portyngale. Then the kynge answered and 
 sayd, Syrs, all this I swere, but pryncypally I requyre you to go with me to y lodg- 
 ynge called y Monnoy," where syr John Ferrant Audere is with Elyanoure of Coygne, 
 for I wyll that he be slayne, for he hath deserued it agaynst me, and agaynste you, when 
 he susteyneth and maynteyneth other quarelles agaynst your wylles. Thenne they all 
 with one voyce answered. We wyll that this be done, for surely he is disobeysaunt and 
 a rebell agaynst you ; wherfore lette hym be put to dethe, and all the other that be re- 
 bellyons agaynst you ; wherby other of the royalme shall take ensample. Then they 
 departed togyder from the mynstre of saynt Domynycke to the nombre of xv. C all of 
 one oppynyon, and the kynge that nowe is with them : and soo they wente thrughe the 
 towne to the lodgynge called the Monnoy,*^ where the quene and syr John Ferrant 
 Audere Avere : and when they came there, they brake vp the gates of the lodgynge, and 
 entred therin perforce, and they wente into the chambre where as the quene was, who 
 was ryght sore afrayde whe she sawe so moche people comynge vpon her; then incon- 
 tynent she fell downe on her knees before this mayster Denyce," and prayed hym to 
 haue pyte and compassyon vpon her, saynge vnto hym, that she knewe nothynge of 
 ony dyspleasure that she hadde done agaynst hym or agaynst ony other ; and also she 
 sayd vnto hym, howe that as touchynge the crowne and herytage of Portyngale she 
 claymed no parte ; but mayster Denyce,^ I requyre you and all the people here present, 
 to consydre how kynge Ferrant'^ made me quene agaynst my wyl. Then this mayster 
 Denyce' sayd, Fayre lady, doubte ye nothynge, for ye shall haue no hurte, for we be 
 not come therfore ; but for this traytoure, Johii Ferrant Audere, he shall dye to begyn 
 withall, and then lette the kynge of Castell reuenge his deth yf he can ; he hath ben 
 to longe his proctoure in this countrey : with that worde auaunced forth suche as was 
 ordeyned therto, who toke the knyght and put hym to dethe ; and more hurte they dyd 
 not to no persone, but so retourned to theyr lodgynge, and the kynge y nowe is wente 
 to his. 
 
 And after the dethe of John Ferrant, the lady Elyanoure, who had ben quene of Por- 
 tyngale, toke counsayle and determyned herselfe to go out of Portyngale into Castell to 
 the kynge there, and to the quene her doughter, for she was in suche fray by the dethe 
 
 of 
 
 t Tbe Master of Avis. * Ferdinand. ' The Mint. 
 
142 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 of her knyglit, syr John Ferrant Audere, that she thought no lenger to abyde in Por- 
 tyngale, for she sawe she coulde haue there nother honoure nor rest ; tlien she caused 
 inayster Denyce,''' now kynge, to be desyred to suHVe her to departe : and he lyghtly 
 agreed therto, and sayd, howe that it pleased hym well y she sholde departe, for he 
 sayd she had good cause soo to do. The lady departed fro Lysbone with all her com- 
 pany, and she rode so longe by her iourneys that she came to Syuyll, where the kyhge 
 of Castell and the quene laye ; and the same season that this lady came thyder, there 
 were assembled nere all the nobles of Castell, for there they had a grete counsayle on 
 the busynes for Portyngale : for kynge John there toke counsayle howe he myght do, 
 seynge the royalme of Portyngale was fallen to hym by successyon, by the dethe of 
 kynge Ferrant,"" fader to the queue his wyfe, who agreed or he dyed that it sholde so 
 be, and all the countrey in lykewyse. This lady Elyanoure was receyued with the 
 kynge and with the quene her doughter ryght honourably, as it was reason. Then she 
 was examyned of all the busynes in Portyngale, and she shewed them the trouthe of 
 that she hadde sene and knowen ; and also she sayd, howe that it well appered that by 
 all lykelyhode the comons of Portyngale wolde crowne to theyr kynge mayster Denyce," 
 without the kynge of Castell there agaynst made resystence and defence ; and for that 
 cause they hadde slayne her knyght, syr John Ferrant of Audere, bycause he susteyned, 
 and alwayes he had done, the kynge of Castelles quarell ; and in all that this lady sayd 
 she was wel byleued, for they sawe it well apparent: and also certayne barons and 
 knyghtes of the royalme of Portyngale, suche as hadde better affeccyon to the kynge 
 of Castell thenne to the kynge that nowe is, bycause of kynge Ferrantes'' doughter, and 
 for to accomplysshe and fulfyll theyr othes that they had made to the kynge of Castell, 
 at the desyre of thevr kynge John Ferrant'' when he gaue his doughter in maryage to the 
 kynge of Castell ; therfore, to acquyte theyr promyse, they departed out of the royalme 
 of Portyngale and Avente into Castell, and lefte theyr owne landes and herytages on the 
 aduenture to recouer them agayne, as the erle Alphons SeroU, y grete pryour of saynt 
 Jhns in Portyngale, syr Delagare" his broder, Ange Syluaste of Geneull, John Aussall,'' 
 and dyuers other to the nombre of xxv. ; wherby y royalme of Portyngale was sore 
 febled, and the royalme of Castell enforced. Then the kynge of Castell made his 
 somons thrugheout all his royalme, that all noble men and all other able to here armure 
 bytwene xv. and xl. sholde in all hast come to hym into the felde ol Sebyll f for he sayd 
 he wolde with puyssaunce entre into the royalme of Portyngale, and conquere it as his 
 owne herytage ; at his commaundement euery man obeyed as it was reason, for suche as 
 helde of hym, and so they came to the felde of Sebyll," and there assembled to the 
 nombre of Ix. M. men of one and other. 
 
 And when syr Laurence of Coygne,' husbande to the lady Elyanoure, whome kynge 
 Ferrant'' of Portyngale toke to his wyfe, and was quene of Portyngale, vnderstode that 
 she was come out of Portyngale into Castell, then he wente to certayne of the kynge of 
 Castelles counsayle, and sayd to them, as in demaundynge of them counsayle: My 
 lordes and my grete frendes, howe shall 1 do w Elyanoure my wyfe, who is come out of 
 Portyngale into this countrey ? I knowe ryght well kynge Ferrant"" toke her by force 
 agaynst her wyll ; and nowe kynge Ferrant"" is deed, and ye knowe well by reason I 
 ought to haue my wyfe agayne : what counsayle wyll ye gyue me therin ? And suche 
 as he spake vnto gaue hym counsayle, and sayd, Johii, we counsayle you to make no 
 semblaunt therof, nor demaunde her not agayne, nor take her not ; for if ye do ye shall 
 gretely abate the honoure of the lady, and also blemyssheth the honoure of the quene 
 
 of 
 
 a Master of Avis. ''Ferdinand. "= Alvare ? '' These names agree with 
 
 those in the Lyons' edition, but bear no resemblance to those in Mr. Johnes' translation, which are here 
 subjoined: ""Don Pedro Pereyra, i,n-and prior of St. John ; Don Henriquez Manuel, count of Cintra ; 
 and Don Juan Texeda, chancellor to the queen." ^ Seville, ' Lorenzo d'Acuuha, 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 143 
 
 of Castell her donglitcr, for llien yc sholde make her worse then a basterde : ye se how 
 f kyng ofCastell wyll deinaiindc and thynkc to coriquere the royalme of Portyngale, as 
 his owne ryghtfidl licrytage by the ryght of his wyle. Thus ye sholde open clerely 
 whiche is nowe soinwhat iii doubtc and trouble, and without yc take good hede it wyll 
 cost you your lyfe, yf yc make y queue of Castel a bastarde : lor they of this countreys 
 susteyne her quarell, and say that she was borne in iust maryage by dyspensacyon of the 
 pope: Well, sayd the knyght, then what is it best for me to do ? we shal shewe you, 
 sayd they; the best that we tliynke is, y as sone as ye can gete you out of Castell, and 
 o-o agayne to your enherytaunce into Portyngale, and leue the lady Elyanoure here with 
 her doughter : we se none other saufegarde for you but this ; by my fayth, sayd y knyght, 
 I byleue you well, for ye counsayle me truely, and lyke good frendes. So this syr 
 John Laurence of Coygne' taryed not longe after in Castell, but departed and wente to 
 Lysbone, and there he founde mayster "Denyce,'" now kynge, and sayd, how he was 
 come to serue hym, and wolde be vnder his obeysaunce, for he wolde take hym for 
 his kynge. Mayster Denyce'' had grete ioye, and sayd, howe he was welcome to hym, 
 and so gaue hym agayne all his herytage, and made hym capytayne of Lysbone. Thus 
 syr, as I haue shewed you, fell the busynes bytwene Portyngale and Castell. 
 
 Horue Laurence Fongase, nmhassadoiire fro the hjnge of Portyngale into EnglomU, 
 shewed to the dtike of Lancastre the maner of the di/scorde that was bytwene the 
 royalmes of Castell and Portyngale. 
 
 CAP. XLIIIL 
 
 THE duke of Lancastre toke grete pleasure to here Laurence Fongase speke, he spake 
 so attemperatly, and so good Frensshe, and also bycausethe matter touched hym nere ; 
 and to the entent that hewolde come to the botom of hisdesyre, he sayd, Laurence, speke 
 on hardely, I haue harde no straunger speke this two yere, that I had rather here speke 
 then you, for ye go to y trouthe of the matter ; also the letters that ye haue brought to 
 me fro the kynge "of Portyngale, testefyeth howe there is nothynge that hath ben done 
 bytwene Portyngale and Castell, but that ye can iustly informe me therof. Syr, sayd 
 the squyer, lytell thyngc hath there ben done as in dedes of amies, but that I haue ben 
 at them, wheifore I can well speke of them ; and syth it is your pleasure and volante y 
 I shall pursewe my wordes, I shall shewe you euery thynge as I knowe : thus as I shew- 
 ed you before, kynge John of Castel assebled his people as soone as he myght, and so 
 came with a grete puyssaunce and strength towardes Lysbone, or the kynge of Portyn- 
 gale that nowe is was crowned, to put the Portyngales in feare, and to shewe howe he 
 hadde ryght to the herytage of Portyngale ; and so fyrst he came before saynt yrayne,'^ 
 whiche was the entre of Portyngale, and there he rested two dayes : they of the towne 
 with the gouernours therof were in grete feare with his comynge, bycause of y grete 
 nombre of men of warre y were with hym, and soo they yelded vp theyr towne to hym ; 
 and after he had taken theyr possessyon, and lefte men of amies to kepe the towne for 
 feare of rebellyon, then he departed with all his oost, and soo wente tyll he came before 
 the towne of Tuy,'' whiche was ryght stronge ; there he layde his syege : and a grete 
 parte of them of Tuy"* heldeAvith the quene of Castell, for the lady Elyanoure had it 
 lymytted to her for her dowry, wherfore lyghtely they yelded them to the kynge of 
 Castell, and became his subiectes, and was vnder his obeysaunce; and when the kynge 
 
 of 
 
 ' Lorenzo d'Acuiiha. ^ The Master of Avis. ' Santareni. * This is 
 
 lupposed to be the town of Leyria. 
 
144 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 ofCastell hadde taken possessyon there, he lefte men of armes to kepe it ; and when he 
 hadde soo done, he passed the ryuer and wente to the tonne of Valencennes,^ in Por- 
 tyngale, and thereto layde his syege, and he senle his messagere vnto them that were 
 whithin, that they sholde yelde them and theyr towne vnto hym : and they of Valence" 
 answered and sayd, let the kynge ofCastell passe forth and go to Lisbone, and as soone 
 as they myght knowe that he hath wonne that cyte outher by loue, feare, or perforce, 
 that then inconlynente they wolde delyner vp the keyes of theyr towne to hym: this 
 answere pleased ryglit well the kynge ofCastell, and so departed fro Valence :' in lyke- 
 Avyse dyd they of another Cyte, called Serpe,'^ whichewas stronge and fayre ; the kyng 
 thought to haue gone thyder, but when he knewe theyr composycyon, he was content 
 and came not there, but so toke the Avaye to Lysbone, lor he knewe yf he myght subdue 
 that cyte, he sholde haue all the resydue of the countrey at his ease: and where soeuer 
 he wente he had with hym the quene his wyfe, to shewe therby to f Portyngales 
 that the ryght was his, and that by good and iust cause, he wolde conquere his wyues 
 herytage. 
 
 Thus kyng John of Castell came with all his oost before Lysbone, and there layde a 
 grete syege, and shewed well by his syege that he wolde not departe thens tyll he had y 
 cyte at his pleasure, and gretly thretened mayster Denyce,'^ Avho was within y cyte, and 
 sayd howe that yf he myght gete hym, he sholde dye an euyll dethe, and all the rebelles 
 with hym ; the kynge of Castelles oost was grete, for he had moche people ; for the 
 Spanyardes and Frensshemen that were there closed so y Cyte aboute, that none coulde 
 yssue out nor entre, wout he were taken or slayne : and somtyme it fell by skyrmysshes 
 and otherwyse that the Spanyardes toke some Portyngales : then y Spanyardes wolde 
 put out theyr eyen, or stryke of a fote or an arme, or some other membre, and so sente 
 them in agayne into the cyte, commaudynge them to saye that they dyd, they dyd in 
 dyspyte of y Lysbonoys, and of theyr mayster Denyce,*^ whom they wolde make theyr 
 kynge: and also shewe them playnly that we shal holde this syege here so longe that 
 we shall haue them perforce, by famyne or otherwyse, and then they shall all dye an 
 euyll dethe, and set fyre on the cyte without mercy or pyte. And when the Lysbonoys 
 toke ony of them, they dyd not so : for the kynge that nowe is of Portyngale made them 
 to be well kepte at theyr ease, and so sent them agayne into the oost without ony hurte 
 or domage of theyr persones, wherfore some sayd in y oost that it was done of a grete 
 gentylnes, for he rendred good for yuell. And syr, whyle this syege endured, whiche 
 was an hole yere and more, euery weke there was one or two skyrmysshes and dedes of 
 armes done, and some hurte and slayne on the one parte or on the other : the kynge of 
 Castell heldeas well his syege by water as by lande, and had plente of vytaylles, for it 
 came to his oost from all partyes out of Castell; and on a day it happened at a skry- 
 mysshe that was made at one of y gates, syr Johfi Laurence of coygne,** who was capy- 
 tayne of the Cyte, yssued out of the barryers with his penon of the armes of Coygne*^ 
 before hym, and with hym a good nombre of propre men of warre : and at that skir- 
 niysshe there was done many a propre feate of armes, and many a darte cast. By 
 my fayth, sayd the duke of Lancastre, of all the feates of armes that the Castellyans, 
 and they of your countrey dothe vse, the castynge of theyr dartes best pleaseth me, 
 and gladly I Avolde se it ; for as I here say, yf they stryke one aryght, without he 
 be well armed, the darte wyll perce hym thrughe: by my fayth syr, sayd the squyer, 
 ye saye trouthe, for I haue sene many a grete stroke gyuen w them, whiche at one 
 tyme cost vs derely, and was to vs grete dyspleasure: for at y sayd skyrmysshe syr 
 John Laurence of Coygne"* was stryken w a darte in suche wyse, that the heed perced 
 
 all 
 
 ' Valenza d' Alcantara. *" Serpa. « The Master of Avis.- * Don Lorenzo d'Acunha, 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 145 
 
 all the plates of his cote of mayle, and a iacke stopped with sylke, and passed thrughe 
 his body, so that he fel downe deed, and therwith seased the skyrmysshe, bycause of 
 y dethe of y knyght ; and so was the lady Elyanoure a wydowe in one yere of bothe her 
 husbandes. 
 
 For this syr Johan Laurence of Cygne' was made grete mone, for he was a valyaut 
 knyght, and full of good counsayle : and after his dethe there was chosen to be 
 capytayne of Lysbone, a cosyne of his, a ryght valyaunt ma, called pouuasse of 
 Coyne:' he made agaynst y Spanyardes thre or foure yssues, and dyd to them grete 
 domage. 
 
 Thus contynued the syege at Lysbone, and surely often tyuies they within the towne 
 were sore abasshed, for they coulde se no comforte come to them frome ony parte ; and 
 when they sawe that none came out of Englonde, wheron lay all theyr trust, the the 
 kynge that nowe is was counsayled to haue taken a shyp, and so to haue come hyder 
 into^Englonde ; for syr John Vadigothz' of passe, syr John Cete Dore," and the arche- 
 deacon of Lysbone, whom they had sent hyther into Englonde to thekynge here, and 
 to you, and to the erle of Cambrydge your broder, for to haue some coforte and ayde, 
 when they retourned into Lysbone,' they brought tydynges howe y ye wolde haue com- 
 forted them : in the name of god, sayd the duke, all that is of trouthe, and so had 1 
 done, and was redy and at y poynte to haue departed, but as then the warre of Flaun- 
 dres and of Gaunte dyd let me : for the Gauntoys came hyder for ayde and helpe, and 
 so all suche or the moost parte of them that sholde haue gone w me into Portyngale, 
 wente into Flaundres with y bysshop of Norwyche, syr Henry Percy: and so that letted 
 my iourney into Portyngale : in the name of god, sayd y squyer, it was thought amonge 
 vs that there was some grete let in Englonde, so y you coulde not come hyder; how- 
 beit, we dyd as well as we myght, and maynteyned ourselfe valyauntly agaynst the kyng 
 of Castell and all his puyssaunce, whiche was no small thynge, for he had mo then Ix. 
 M. me by see and by lande, and thretened to byrne, and to exyle vs without mercy: 
 and syr, thus whyle this syege endured, an erle of our countrey of Portyngale, called 
 the erle of Angouse,"^ dyd vs on a day grete socour, wherby he attayned grete honoure ; 
 for he with xx. Galeys, aryued at the porte of Portyngale,'^ with a good nombre of men 
 of amies and prouysyon, and so came saylynge by y see before Valence,' and thrughe y 
 grace of god he came by y kynge of Castelles army, as they lay at ancre before Lisbone, 
 who were mo then a C. grete vesselles ; howbeit, he dyd his entrepryse so gracyously, 
 and had the wynde at so good a poynte, that in dyspyte of all his enemyes, he entred 
 saufely without peryll witii all his galeys into the hauen of Lysbone, and at his comynge 
 in, conquered iiii. shyppes of his enemyes, and brought them with hym into y hauen, of 
 whose comynge all that were in Lysbone were ryght ioyous, for it coforted them grete- 
 ly : by my faftli, sayd the duke of Lancastre. the erle of Angouse'' at y tyme dyd you 
 a fayre seruyce. But nov.e fayre Laurence, shewe me howe was this syege raysed, and 
 by whatmaner: I wolde gladly here you speke therof : syr, sayd the squyer, I shall 
 shewe you with ryght a good wyll. 
 
 As I haue shewed you, the syege endured more then a yere before Lysbone, and tVie 
 kynge of Castell had sworne and auowed that he wolde not departe frome the syege tyll 
 he had the cyte vnder his obeysaunce, without the puyssaunce of a gretter kynge then 
 he was raysed hym therfro by force ; and truly al thynges consydered, the kynge of 
 Castel kepte wel his auowe, for y puyssaunce of a gretter kyng then he was raysed hym, 
 and caused hym to departe ; I shall shewe you howe: a pestylence and mortalyte mer- 
 
 VoL. IL U uaylous 
 
 • Don Lorenzo d'Acunha. >• Rodriguez. ' Testa-dor. "■ The lord d'Acosta, 
 
 ' Oporto. ' Valenza. 
 
146 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 uaylous ferefull fell in his oost, in suche vvyse, that me dyed sodeynly, spekyng one to 
 another ; there dyed mo then xx. M. persones, Avherof y kyng Avas sore alrayde, wher- 
 fore it was counsayled hym to departe tliens, and to drawe to saynt yrayne,"* or to some 
 other parte, and breke vp the syege, and to gyue leue to his people to departe tyll the 
 pestylence were seased, whiche he dyd sore agaynst his wyll, bycause he had sworne 
 so solemply to kepe y syege ; howbeit, of necessyte he was fayne to departe. Therfore 
 syr, we say, and hath ben sayd in Portyngale, and it is the comon opynyon, that god 
 dyd sende that pestylence into the kyng of Castelles oost to ayde vs and our kynge that 
 nowe is, for in the cyte wherin we were closed, there dyed nother man nor woma of y 
 sykenes: tliis grace god dyd for vs. And when the kynge of Gastell dyslodged fro Lys- 
 bonc, the kynge of Portyngale that nowe is caused all suche as were within the cyte to 
 be armed, and to lepe on theyr horses, and to folowe the trayne of the kynge of Cas- 
 telles oost; and there we dyd then grete domage, for they dyslodged not in good aray, 
 wherby they lost parte of theyr men and promocyon ; but the kyng of Portyngale made 
 a crye, that on payne of dethe no ma to take ony thynge y they founde in the felde, nor 
 to brynge ony thyng therof into the cyte, but commaunded euery thynge to be brente, 
 to the entent that it sholde brynge no infeccyon into the cyte : so prouysyon and euery 
 thynge was conuerted into flame of fyre ; howbeit, 1 thynke suche as founde other golde 
 or syluer in money or place brent it not, but saued it as well as they myght. So thus 
 the kyng of castel wente to saynt yrayne' at y entre of his countrey, and there taryed a 
 season, and sent for more socour into Frauce, and specyally intoGascoyne and Byerne, 
 and into y lades of y erle of Foys ; and he sent thyder iii. somers laden w nobles of cas- 
 tel and floreyns, to gyue in prest to knyghtes and squyers, for he knewe well otherwyse 
 he sholde not haue them come out of theyr houses. And when the barons and knyghtes 
 of y royalme of Portyngale, on y partye of y kyng that nowe is, sawe howe the kynge 
 of Castell had raysed his syege, whiche had endured more then a yere, they toke then 
 grete courage, and so dyd all the comons of the countrey, and specyally they of Porte, 
 Ewre, and Connymbres:'' then they toke counsayle togyder shortely to crowne to theyr 
 kyng mayster Denyce," whom they had chosen and gyuen hym theyr loue, and sayd 
 hoAV that it was goddes wyll y he sholde be theyr kynge, for he had shewed his vertue 
 agaynst the Spanyardes: then a commaundement was made thrughout all Portyngale, 
 euery ma to come to Conimbres,'' at a certayne daye lymytted, to the Coronacyon of 
 mayster Denyce :" all suche as toke his parte came thyder, and accordynge to the pu- 
 yssaunce of that royalme there was moche people ; there kynge Johii of Portyngale was 
 crowned by the bysshoppes and prelates of the royalme with grete solempnyte as it 
 aperteyned, on trynyte sondaye, the yere of our lorde god M. CCC. Ixxx. and iiii. in 
 the cathedrall chyrche of Conymbres,"^ called saynt Maries, whiche daye y kyng made 
 newe knyghtes, what of his owne countrey as of straungers, to y nombre of Ix. There 
 was kepte a grete feest ii. or iii.dayes; and there the kynge renewed all homages of 
 Erles, barons, knyghtes, and squyers, and suche as helde of hym; and there the kyng 
 sware to kepe the royalme in ryght and lustyce, and to maynteyne al theyr iurysdyc- 
 cyons, and euery man sware to take hym for theyr kynge, and his heyres comynge of 
 hym, male, or female, that to dye in the payne neuer to forsake them. Thus kynge 
 John of Portyngale was crowned kynge. 
 
 When the kynge of Castell knewe how the comons of Portyngale had crowned mays- 
 ter Denyce' to theyr kynge, and had sworne to hym faythe and homage, then he was 
 more dyspleased then he was before, for he had thought they wolde not haue done it so 
 sodeynly, bycause he had many of the nobles of Portyngale with hym ; then he sayd, I 
 
 se 
 
 • Santartm. '' Oporto, Ouiique, and Coimbra. ' The Master of Avis, 
 
 ■^ Coimbra. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 147 
 
 se well it behoueth me perforce to conquere y is myne, yf I wyll haue it: there shall 
 neuer be peace bytwene Castell and Portyngale, tyll y Portyno;ales haue amended y they 
 haue done. And so after the kynge was crowned he came to Lyshone, and there taryed 
 and toke <Trete dylygence to set in a good way 5 busynes of his royalme, and to gete 
 therby the grace, good wyl and lone of his people, and sent his knyghtes and men of 
 warre into dyuers garysons, into townes and castelles on the fronters of Spayne, for y 
 kynge of Castell lay at Sybyll.^ The kyng of Portyngale sent in garyson to Treu- 
 touse,'' syr John Ferant Porteler, an experte man of armes, a valyaunt knyght, and of 
 hyghe entrepryse, and with hym syr Martyn Vas of Coygne," and his broder syr 
 Wyllya Vas, two experte knyghtes, and they had vnder them CC. speres of good men 
 of warre well horsed; and to 5' castell of Lene towarde Juberoth,'' was sente syr Johii 
 Radygos," with a 1. speres ; and to y cyte of Valence^ in Portyngale, was sente syr Johfi 
 James of Saulles, to lye in garyson agaynst the stronge towne of Tuy, Avhiche was as 
 then yelden to y kynge of Castell whe he came towarde Lysbone ; and in Tuy there lay 
 in a garyson a grete nombre of men of armes, Frensshe and Castellyans ; and to y cyte 
 of Serpe,^ was sente syr Nondech Radygo, a noble knyght, with 1. speres ; but to Porte, 
 to Ewre, and to Connymbres,'' was sente no men of warre, for the kynge thought them 
 stronge ynoughe of themselfe, and true and faythfull to hym. Thus syr in the same 
 yere y the kyng was thus crowned, the garysons were well prouyded for, and often 
 tymes there were encountrynges, skyrmysshes. and assawtes, on bothe partyes ; one 
 tyme our men wanne, and another tyme they lost, as the aduenture of armes falleth, 
 but specyally there was a sore encountre by them of the garyson of Treutouse, agaynst 
 the Castellyans. A, Laurence, sayd y duke of Lancastre, passe not the matter so 
 breuely, but let me knowe howe it was, and what was done when they mette in the feldes, 
 for I wolde gladly here spekyng of dedes of armes : Syr, sayd the squyer, I shall shewe 
 you what was there done, for at the same rencountre I was present, and bare y day f 
 baner of syr John Ferant Porteler, by whom the busynes began, for he was as then ca- 
 pytayne of Treutouse. 
 
 The kynge of Castell had prouyded me of warre on y fronters of Portyngale, who 
 somtyme do to vs domage, assembled tlieselfe togyder and toke y leldes, and somtyme 
 lost and somtyme wanne. And so on a season a vii. capytaynes of Spanyardes, good 
 knyghtes, and of hyghe lygnage, assembled them togyder with the nombre of iii. C. 
 speres well horsed, hauynge grete desyre to do vs domage, as they well shewed : for 
 they came and entred into Portyngale, and toke a grete praye, and many prysoners, and 
 yf they had wolde ihey myght haue entred agayne into Castell vvithout ony encountrynge ; 
 but they were soo hyghe mynded and prowde, that they sayd they wolde goo and se 
 the garyson of Treutouse ; they of y playne countrey fledde before them, soo that ty- 
 dynges of them came into Treutovise. And when syr Johii Ferrant Portelere knewe 
 the Castellyans rode abrode, he called for his barneys, and caused the trompettes to be 
 sowned, and so awoke all the knyghtes and squyres in the towne: euery man armed hym 
 in grete haste, and mounted on iheyr horses, and yssued out of Treutouse ; and when 
 they were in y feldes they were a CC. and so put theselfe in good ordre, and shewed 
 howe they had grete affeccyon to fynde theyr enemyes, and demaunded of them that 
 came flyenge into y towne where theyr enemyes were ; and they answered and sayd, 
 howe they were not farre thens, and howe they rode but a softe pace, bycause of the 
 grete praye that they caryed with them : with those tydynges syr Johii Ferrant Por- 
 telere was ryght ioyouse, and sayd to his company, as to syr Johfi Martyne of Vas,' and 
 
 U 2 syr 
 
 ' Seville. '' Qy. ? ' Vasco d'Acosta, according to Jolines — ^but quere : as d'Acuiiha 
 
 was before called Coi/g/ie. "' The castle of Leyria near Aljubarota. ' John de Pereyra. 
 
 ' Valenza. f Serpa. •■ Oporto, Ouriqiie, and Coimbra. .* d'Acosta. — See wpra. 
 
MS THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 syr Wyllyam Vas,' his broder, Syrs, I requyre you let vs auaunce forwarde ; I wyli 
 not entre into ony towne or Castell, in Portyngale, tyll I haue sene our enemyes, and 
 fyght with them, and put to iny payne and trauayle to recouer the praye and prysoners 
 that they leede with them; and then lie sayd to me, Lanrence, dysplay my baner, for 
 it is tyme, we shall fynde shortely our enemyes: then I dyd as he comaunded nie ; and 
 so we rode forthe a good pace, and at the last we sawe where the dust rose with the horses 
 o( our enemyes ; then we toke the vauntage of the sone, and came on them ; and when 
 y Castellyans sawe vs, they helde themselfe close togyder, and ordred themselfe, and 
 set tlieyr prysoners and pray on theyr one syde, and we approched so nere togyder that 
 we myght speke to them, and they to vs ; and then we sawe howe they had iii. baners, 
 and iiii. penons, and to our Judgement a CCC. horse: Fyrst, there was syr Johii Radi- 
 gos de Castenans, knyght and baron in Castell, syr Syluegrefye of Albenes, syr Ad- 
 ioutall of Tolet,^ of Cassell, syr JohnRadigo of Eure,'' and IDiostenses of Angouse: and 
 when we were before the we lyghted on fbote, and in iykewyse soo dyd they, and de- 
 lynered theyr horses to pages and varieties, and or we began to cast dartes, or to doo 
 ony feate of armes, the capytaynes spake eche to other ; I that w as there present herde 
 all the wordes that were spoken on bothe partyes, for my mayster, syr John Ferrant 
 Portelere, whose baner I bare, was one ot y formest, and y wordes that were spoken 
 were by hym and to hym: Fyrst, he demaunded Avhy they rode in Portyngale, ledynge 
 away suche prayes and prysoners as they had taken : then syr Adioutall of Tolet,^ an- 
 swered and sayd, they wolde ryde as they lyst, to punysshe them that be dysobeysaunt 
 to the kynge of Castell, to whom the herytage of Portyngale perteyned ,• and bycause 
 they founde them rebelles, therfore they sayd they ouer rynne y countrey, and take 
 prayes and prysoners: well syrs, sayd syr Johii Ferrant, ye shall not lede them longe, 
 for we wyll rescue them, ye haue noo ryght to come and to ouer rynne this countrey ; 
 ye knowe wel ynoughe we haue a kynge all redy, who wyll kepe his royalme in rvght, 
 and kepe Justyce, and punysshe theues and robbers; therfore we saye vnto you in his 
 behalfe, all that ye haue taken in the royalme of Portyngale, leue it behynde you and 
 departe hens, or elles in our ryght and iust quarell we wyll fyght with you : then the 
 Spanyardes answered, y prysoners that we haue taken we wyll not delyuer agayne, but 
 as for y other praye we wyll take aduyse. The the vii. capytaynes of Castell drewe 
 them togyder, and shewed that for all that they were come to se the garyson of Treu- 
 touse, yet they wolde haue ben glad to haue departed without batayle ; and when they 
 had counsayled, the they sayd howe they wolde leue theyr pray behynde them, but the 
 prysoners they wolde lede with them: Nay, not so, sayd the Portyngales, for we wyll 
 ye leue all, or elles ye shall haue batayle, and so wente togyder, and there was a sore 
 batayle, for there were on bothe partyes good men of warre, and the felde where as they 
 lought was fayre and playne ; they cast eche at other dartes so sore that who soo euer 
 was stryken, without he were wel armed, was slayne or sore hurte ; there were many 
 propre feates of armes done: and there syr John Ferrant Portelere fought with an axe 
 ryght valyaunlly, and so dyd his ii. companyons : on the other partye the Spanyardes 
 fought ryght valyauntly. Thus they fought the space of iii. houres, whiche was mer- 
 uayle that me coulde endure so longe in theyr armure fyghtynge : but the grete desyre 
 that eyther partye had to wynne honoure caused them to endure the more payne : and 
 syr, surely Spanyardes and Portyngales are harde men in batayle, and specyally when 
 they se it is of necessyte. Thus they fought longe that no ma knewe who had the better, 
 theyr batayle was so egall. And syr, thanked be god, there was nother baner nor 
 penon on our syde that day ouerthrowen ; but fynally theyr syde began to open, and 
 were beten downe on euery syde, so that the dyscomfyture fell on them; then 
 theyr pages Bed awaye to saue themselfe ; and of the vii. capytaynes y were there 
 
 , present} 
 
 ■ . -...-. 'Toledo. ■ .* Deure, - 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 149 
 
 present, there scaped away but one, and that was by y meanes of his page,^ who 
 brou<-ht hym his horse; he dyd his mayster good seruyce that day, and y was 
 Adylntall Casseil:' all the other vi. were slayne, for there was neuer a man taken 
 to raunsome. Thus syr John Ferrant Portelere and his company obtayned the 
 vyctory of theyr ei.en.yes, who were thre agaynst two, and this was on a tuysday, 
 inthemonethofOctobre, neie to Treutouse, in the y ere ot our lorde M. bbb. Ixxx. 
 and iiii. 
 
 Howe Laurence Fongase shewed the duke of Lancastre the maner of the batayle of 
 Juberoth; bi/tyyene the ki/nge of Castel, and the kynge of Portyngale. 
 
 CAP. XLV. 
 
 AND after this dyscomfyture on our enemyes, our men mounted on theyr horses, 
 and there we delyuered suche prysoners as the Castellyans had taken before, and also 
 gaue them suche pyllasre as theyr enemyes had gotten, excepte y beestes, whiche were 
 in nombre an viii. hundreth ; all those we draue into the garyson of Treutouse, for vy- 
 tayllyno-e of the towne, as it was reason, and there we were receyued wkh grete loye; 
 they wyst not what chere to make vs, bycause we had delyuered y coutrey of theyr 
 enemyes, and rescued that they had lost, wherby we had grete prayse thrughe all y 
 to-wnes of Portyngale. And syr, in the same yere our men had another fayre lourney 
 on theyr enemyes in y felde of Sybylle:'* but syr, fyrst I shall shewe you the moost 
 happyest iourney that the kynge of Portyngale had, or ony kynge before hym in CC 
 yere before, whiche was done within iiii. monethes before that y kynge sente vs hyther. 
 Our enemyes were iiii. agaynst one, of good men of warre, and of hyghe empryse, 
 ■wherfore our iourney ought to be y more praysed : but syr, I ihinke ye haue herde 
 therof al redy, wherfore llhynke best to speke not the. of: nay, sayd the duke, ye shall 
 not leue so, ye shall shewe me the hole processe, for I wolde gladly here you speke 
 therof; yet of trouthe I haue an heraulte here with me, called Deiby, who was there at 
 the batayle, as he sayth, and he shewed me that suche Englysshemen as were there dyd 
 meruaylles in armes, and moie by his reporte the I bileue was of trouth : for there was 
 no grete nombre of them wherby ony grete feate sholde be done by them, for my 
 broder y erle of Cambrydge, when he came out of Portyngale, brought agayne with 
 hym suche Englysshmen as wente thyder ; but there be many of these Heraultes be 
 suche lyers, that they Avyll exalte suche as they lyst beyonde measure; but for all 
 that, the noblenes of them that be good, is not lost nor enpayred, thoughe it be not 
 shewed by them ; therfore it is good to knowe it by the reporte of other that know- 
 eth it. 
 
 Syr, sayd Laurence, of all the straungers that were at the batayle of Juberoth' with y 
 kynge of Portyngale, theie passed not a two hundred men, Englysshe, Gascoynes, and 
 Almaynes:'' and the grettest capytaynes that were thereof the straungers were two Gas- 
 coynes, and one of Almayne," of the duchy of Guerles : the Gascoynes were called syr 
 Wyllyam of Mountferrant, and Bernaidon, and y Almayne, Albeit; of Englysshme 
 there were a certayne archers, but I herde none named, but ii. squyers, Northbeiy, 
 and Hartecell, and they were called to counsayle with the kynge and other lordes, 
 before the batayle. Well, sayd the duke, prosede forthe, and tell me of that iour- 
 ney, 
 
 ' Before called, the adjoutal of Toledo. "Wednesday. "^ Aljubarota. •'Seville. 
 
 ' Germans. 
 
150 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 ney, and howe it was fought, I requyre you: syr, sayd f squyer, with ryght a good 
 wyl ; for syr, to shewe you and other howe it was, I am sente hyther fro the kynge my 
 mayster. 
 
 Then Laurence Fongase renewed his tale, and spake of the busynes of Juberoth,^ and 
 sayd thus : syr, ye haue herde by me, and also by other, that after the coronacyon of 
 the kynge of Portyngale at Connymbres,'' y kyng of Castell, who had raysed his syege fro 
 Lysbone, for the dethe of pestylence that fell in his oost, and so wente to yrayne:" and 
 it was sayd, howe it greued hym sore when he was enfourmed of the coronacyon of my 
 redoubted lorde kynge John of Portyngale; for the kynge of Castell claymed, and yet 
 dothe, ryght in the herytage and crowne of Portyngale, by the tytle of his wyfe, 
 doughter to kynge Ferrant,'' whiche we denyed, and yet do, for suche cause as I haue 
 shewed you before ; so thus the kynge of Castell was counsayled to sende for me of war 
 where he myght gete them, and specyally into Fraunce, for y frensshmen had alwayes 
 ayded hym and susteyned his quarell, and y kynge his fader in lykewyse ; and it was 
 sayd to hym by his counsayie, ye nede nothynge but one iourney agaynst them of Por- 
 tyngale, for by puyssaunce if ye may kepe the felde and fyght with them, the ye shal 
 come to your entente: for there is grete varyaunce allredy in Portyngale, as ye se and 
 perceyue well: for there is here with you of the noblest persones of y royalme, and 
 they haue submytted theselfe vnder your obeysaunce, whiche thynge gretely furdereth 
 your warre ; if yeauaunce yourselfe with puyssauce to fyght w this bastarde of Portyn- 
 gale, whom y comons haue crowned to theyr kynge, or he gete ayde of the Englysshe- 
 men, ye are lyke to ouerthrowe hym ; and yf ye wynne the iourney, all the loyalme is 
 yours, for it is no grete matter to wyn it after. Soo by suche counsayie and other thynges, 
 Johii of Castell auaunced hymselfe to sende letters and messageres into Fraunce, Poic- 
 ton, Bretayne, Normandy, Borgon,' and into dyuers other places, where as he thought 
 to haue men of armes, knyghtes and squyres, for his money, or for loue, or suche as 
 helde ony thynge of hym; and specyally there came many knyghtes and squyres to 
 hym out of Byerne : and so on a daye as he was at saynt yrayne,' he auewed his people 
 to y nombre of vi. or vii.C. speres, and xxx. M. spanyardes, all on horsbacke, all hau- 
 ynge desyre to do vs domage. 
 
 Tidynges came into Portyngale to the kynge, and to y lordes there, and to them of 
 the good townes and cytees, suche as were of the kynges partye, and it was shewed there 
 what nombre and puyssaunce the kynge of Castell was of, and howe he was fully de- 
 termyned to come and lay syege agayne to Lysbone. Then the kynge of Portyngale 
 and his counsayie assembled togyder, and there the most notablest persones of his roy- 
 alme sayd, y the kyng were best to go out of the cyte, and to mete with his enemyes, 
 rather then to be enclosed in ony cyte or tovvne in Portyngale: for yf they were be- 
 syeged, they sholde haue moche busynes to defende them and theyr cyte, and in the 
 raeane season y Castcllyans myght ryde abrode at theyr ease where as they lyst, and 
 conquere townes, Cytees, and Castelles, outher by force or by lone, and dystroy all y 
 playne countrey, and peraduenture at lengthe them within the cyte; wherfore they sayd 
 to the kynge, Syr, yf we go out agaynst them, and take a place conuenyent to fyght, 
 we thynke this were best and moost profytable ; for syr, we kiiowe well ye shall not 
 peasybly enioy the crowne of Portyngale, wherwith we haue crosvned you, without it be 
 by batayle, iinA that at the leest ones or twyse to ouerthrowe your aduersary the kynge 
 of Castell and his puyssaunce: and yf we may dyscomfyte hym, then we shal be lordes 
 of the country : and yf we be ouercome, the royalme is in aduenture, but better it were 
 for vs to seke batayle then to be sought on, and more honourable it were for vs ; for syr, 
 
 it 
 
 ' Aljubarota. * Coimbra. f Santarem. '' Ferdinand. * Burgundy. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 151 
 
 it hathe ben often tymes sene that the setters on hath auauntage of the defenders ; ther- 
 fore syr, we wyll counsayle you to sende forthe your letters and messagers to all suche 
 as yethynke wyll serue you. Then y kynge answered and sayd, syrs, ye speke wel, 
 and I %vyl do as ye haue ordeyned. Then y kynge set his clarkes on warke to wryte 
 letters, and wrote to euery man that they sholde come to the porte of Portyngale, or 
 nere there aboiite, at a certayne daylymytted; howbeit, all suche as were wryten vnto 
 came not thyder, for as then all the royalnie toke not full parte with hym, but dys- 
 symuled, and taryed to se hovve y matters sholde frame at lengthe : and some were gone 
 out of theyr owne countrey to the kynge of Castell, bycause they sayd that the kynge of 
 Castell had more ryght to the crowne of Portyngale then our kynge had ; howbeit, for 
 all y, the kynge my souerayne lorde wente to Connymbres,'' and there made his assemble 
 of suche men of warre as he coidde gete, and truely he had with hym y choyse men of 
 all Portyngale, and of moost auctoryte, as of Erles, Barons, knyghtes and squyers, and 
 also he had a xxv. hundred speres of squyers, and a xii. M. foote me ; then he ordeyned 
 a Constable and marsliall : the constable was the erie of Nauare," y marshall syr Alne 
 Perriere,' bothe ryght sage knyghtes to conduyte men of warre ; then they departed fro 
 Connymbres," and toke the waye to Cubase, that is Juberoth,'' and rode fayre and easely 
 to ease themselfe and theyr horses, and y theyr prouysyon myght folowe them in good 
 ordre; and they had fore ryders, one before to auewethe demeanynge of the Castellyans. 
 At this tyme syr Johri Ferrant Portelere was not come to the kynge, he was at the gary- 
 son of Dorech,*" a v. legges fro Juberoth,'' and I thynke he knewe not as then that the 
 kynge sholde fyght with his enemyes. 
 
 I suppose the kynge of Castell was wel enfourmed howe the kynge of Portyngale was 
 comynge to hymwarde with his puyssaui.ce, and when he knewe it he had therof grete 
 ioy, and so had all his men as they shewed, and anone they determyned to come on 
 agaynst vs, and to fyght with vs : and specyally y gascoynes of Byerne that were there, 
 sore desyred to fyght with vs, for they desyred to hauey fyrst batayle, and so they had: 
 and syrWyllyam of Mounferrant, a Gascoyne, who was there on our partye, sayd, surely 
 howe we sholde haue batayle, bycause they of Byerne were agaynst vs, who euer de- 
 syreth nothynge but batayle. 
 
 Then the kynge of Castell, with all his batayle, came the nexte daye and lodged 
 at the castell of Lerre,' a two legges fro Juberoth,'' and the nexte day we came to 
 the Cabase, and lodged there, and y nyght the kynge of Castel lodged but a lytell 
 legge fro Juberoth," for he knewe well what way we toke, and howe we lodged at 
 Jirberoth.'' 
 
 Syr, the Portyngales hath had alwayes grete trust and confydence in god, and in y 
 good fortune of y place of Juberoth," and therfore they at that tyme rested there. Why, 
 sayd y duke, haue they so good hope in that place rather then in another ? Syr, sayd 
 the squyer, auncyently y grete Charlemayne, who was kynge of Fraunce, and of Al- 
 mayne,' and Emperoure of Rome, who was in his tyme a grete conqueroure,at this place 
 of Juberoth," he dyscomfyted vii. kynges of y myscreauntes, and there were slayne of ^ 
 infydelles a CM ; this syr is auncyently founde in hystoryes and cronycles, and by rea- 
 son of that batayle he conquered Connymbres,^ and all the countrey of Portyngale, and 
 brought it into crysten fayth : and bycause of y grete victore y he had there agaynst 
 goddcs enemyes he founded there an abbaye of blacke monkes, and gaue them grete 
 rente in Portyngale, and in Castell ; and also syr, aboute a CC. yere past, there was at 
 the same place a grete batayle and fayre iourney acheued by a lorde that was at that 
 
 tyme 
 
 " Coimbra, '' Count of Novaire. "= Sir Aleyn Pereyra. * Aljubarota, 
 
 * Ourem. ' Leyria. " Germany. 
 
152 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 tyme broder to the kyng of Castell; for before that tyme there was neuerkynge in Por- 
 tyngale: it was called the countye of Portyngale, and so it was that these ii. bretherne, 
 y kynge of Castell, and the erle of Portyngale, had mortall warre togyder for partycyon 
 of landes, so y there coulde be founde no peas bytwene them but mortall warre togy- 
 der. The matter touched soo moche the erle of Portyngale, and the Portyngales, y they 
 had rather to haue ben deed, then to haue ben vnder the subieccyon of the kynge of 
 Castel ; and so they toke a day of batayle, and there the kynge of Castell was so puys- 
 saut, y he was x. agaynst one, so y he set nothynge by the Portyngales, so at the cabase 
 ofjuberoth^ was theyr batayle ryghtcruell; and fynally the Portyngales obteyned y 
 vyctory, and the Castellyans dyscomfyted, and the kynge of Castell "taken, by whose 
 takynge the erle of Portyngale had peas as he lyst: then the boundes were set of the de- 
 partyng of Castell and Portyngale. 
 
 And then bycause y Portyngales saw y god had sente them the vyctory with so smal a 
 nombre agaynst so grete a puyssaunce, then they thought to augment theyr lande and to 
 make it a royalme ; so y prelates and nobles of the countrey crowned theyr fyrst kynge 
 at Connymbres,'' and made hym to ryde thrughout his royalme with a crowne of Law- 
 rell on his heed, sygnyfyenge honoure and vyctory, as auncyenlly kyn2,es were wonte 
 to do, and so euer syth the royalme hath had a kyn2;e ; for syr, surely rather then the 
 Portyngales wolde be vnder y subieccyon of the Castellyans, they wolde take one or 
 other that were ferre of fro the blood of y kynge of Portyngale, and the kynge were 
 deed without yssue male : and syr, when y kynge of Portyngale that nowe is came to 
 the place of Juberoth," all these matters were shewed hym; and thus whyles that the 
 constable and marshall were orderynge of theyr batayles, there came to the kynge syr 
 Johii Ferrant Portelere, who came the same morenynge fro his garyson of Dorech,"^ and 
 brought with hym xl. speres: y kynge had grete ioye of his comynge ; and when all our 
 bataylles were ordeyned, and that we abode for nothynge but for our enemyes, and that 
 our fore ryders were sente forth to aspye theyr dealynge, the kynge then my souerayne 
 lorde came in amonge his men, and caused sylence to be made, and then he sayd, syrs, 
 ye haue crowned me kynge : sliewe nowe your trouth and faythfulnes, for syth I am 
 so forwarde, and specyally in this place of Juberoth," I shal neuer retourne agayne 
 into Portyngale without I fyght w myne enemyes : then euery man answered and 
 sayd, syr, we shall all abyde w you, and knowe for trouthe we shall not flye this 
 daye. 
 
 Thus the batayles approched, for the Castellyans had grete desyre to fynde vs, and 
 to fyght, as they well shewed, and we sente forthe our fore ryders, to se and knowe 
 what our enemyes dyd, and they taryed fro vs more then ill. homes, and that we herde 
 no tydynges of the, so that we thought we had lost them ; howbeit, at y last they re- 
 tourned and brought vs sure worde of them, and what nombre tiiey were of by all lyke- 
 lyhode, and they shewed vs howe theyr vowarde were a vii. M. men of armes, .Trmed 
 cap a pee, as fresshe and as well horsed as coulde be deuysed ; and in y kynge of Cas- 
 telles rerewarde, there were a xxx. M. horse, of good men of armes. And when our 
 kynge and his company knewe the nombre of theyr enemyes, and howe y theyr vowarde 
 were a ii. legges before y kynge, for the Gascoynes and straungers were not well of ac- 
 corde with the Castellyans, then we determyned to kepe vs close togyder in our strength, 
 and to make ii. wynges to our batayle, and our men of armes, wherof we had but ii. M. 
 and CCCCC. speres, to be bytwene the ii. wynges ; syr, there myght well haue ben sene 
 good ordre of ba'.ayle, and people well recouiforted: and then it was comaunded by 
 the kyng on payne of deihe, y no man take that daye no prysoner ; this was determyned 
 
 amonge 
 
 ' Aljubarota. * Coinibra. ' Ourem. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 15.? 
 
 amonge vs for the best : for as y lordesand capytaynes sayd, if we sholde entende to take 
 prysoners, it sholde deceyue vs, and make vs take no hedc of y we sholde do, for it was 
 sayd that it were better for vs to fyght wel, then to take hede of takyn2,e of prysoners, 
 and to sel our lyues derely as good people ought to do ; this worde was vpholden and 
 obserued ; then our enemyes came before vs close togyder lyke good men of warre, and 
 then alyghted on foote and trymmed theyr barneys, and let llieyr horses go, and so 
 came and approched vs fyersly ; surely there was the floin- of chyualry, and that tiiey 
 shewed well: bytwene vs and them there was a lytell dyke, no gretter but y a knyght 
 armed myght well passe ouer ; howbeit, to vs it was a lytell auauntage, for in y pas- 
 syncre therof, our men y were on bothe wynges \'v theyr dartes dyd hurte and mayme 
 dyuers, and dyd sore trouble them; and when they were ouer the dyke, then they as- 
 sembled them agaynst vs, for they thought y the kynge of Castell with his grete batayle 
 had folowed them at hande, but it was not so, for they were all dyscomfyted and slayne 
 or the kynge of Castell came nere hande vs ; 1 shal shewe you by what meanes they 
 were closed in bytwene vs: and the comons of our countrey, who layde on behynde 
 them with axes, and other wepons, without sparynge, and our men of amies who were 
 fresshe, came on agaynst the, and caused the to recule backe, and to fall in y dyke one 
 vpon another: syr, al this was done in lesse then halfe an houre, and there was slayne 
 in the felde of men of armes mo then iiii. M. and none taken to rausome, for whe ony 
 knyght or spere of ours wolde haue taken ony prysoner, other of theyr copany wolde 
 slee the in theyr hades. 
 
 Thus clerely without recouery the vowarde of our enemyes were dyscomfyted : then 
 came the kynge of Castel with his batayle, Avherin he had xxx. M. men, well horsed ; 
 but when they approched it was nere nvght, and they knewe nothynge what myschefe 
 was fallen on theyr vowarde, and then they came and mustred themselfe before vs, and 
 a CCCCC. of the lepte with theyr horses ouer the dike ; but syr, al suche as passed 
 ouer neuer repassed agayne, for there was slayne a grete parte of the noble men, suche 
 as desyred feates of armes, and a grete nombre of the barons and knyghtes of Portyngale, 
 suche as were there with y kynge of Castell agaynst vs ; and when our people sawe our 
 enemyes so dyscomfyted, then we passed ouer the dyke, for in xl. places y dyke was 
 stopped w deed me, and toke our horses and folowed y chase ; but y was not ferre, for 
 it was nyght ; we wolde not folysshly go ferre for double of busshmetes, nor also we 
 were not so well horsed as the Castellyans : for surely yf we had, they had receyued more 
 domage then they dyd, and y kynge of Castell taken or slayne, but the nyght came on 
 so darke, saued hym and many other : syr, I shall shewe you the names of y moost parte 
 of the noble men of Fraunce, Gascoynes, and Portyngales, that dyed in the felde at the 
 batayle of Juberoth.* 
 
 First, the erle Don John Alphons Serole, of Portyngale, the grete pryour of saynt 
 Johns in Portyngale, Don Diigaures'' his broder, Ange Saluace of Geneue, Don John 
 Ausalle, syr Dangoues Medrich, Dricho Persement, Peter Resermant, Lugeres of 
 Versaunt, the grete mayster of Calestrane,' and his broder, called Don Dygo Dygares, 
 Peter Goussart of Seball,'' Johii Radigo of Herciers, the grete mayster of saynt Jaques.* 
 
 Vol. II. X And 
 
 ' Aljubarota. '' Alvarez. ' Calatrava. ■* Seville. 
 
 ' Mr. Johnes' names are irreconcilcable with those above mentioned. He enumerates " of Spaniards, Don 
 
 Pedro of Arragon, son to the Constable ; Don Juan, son to Don Tello, and Don Fernando, son to Don 
 
 Sancho, both brothers in law to the queen ; Diego Manrique, president of CastiUe ; the marshall Carillo ; 
 
 the admiral, Juan de Fovar ; Pedro Alvarez Pereira, grand master of Calatrava ; the grand master of St. 
 
 James, with others." The singularity of the names here mentioned by Fongase, afterwards excites the 
 
 risibility of the Duke of Lancaster. 
 
154 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 And of" Fresslimen, syr John of Rys, syr Jeffrey RIcon, syr Godfrey' Pertenay, syr 
 E>paynolet of Spayne, syr Reynolde of Solyere, a knyght called Lymosyn, marshall of 
 the kyns^e of Castelles oost : and of gascoyiis of Bierne, the lorde of Bierne, y lorde of 
 Alortan. y lorde of Bryngoles, syr Raymonde Durach, syr Bertram of Varuge, syr 
 John of Asolgme, syr Raymonde of Valentyne, syr Adam of mourase, syr menuent of 
 Sarement, syr Peter of Sarembiere, and dyuers other, mo then xii. C. knyghtes and 
 squyers, all gentyllmen. Nowe syr I shall she we you y names of them that were slayne 
 on our party : Fyrst, y erle of Nauare,'' costable of Portyngale, Galoyes Porteke/ Peter 
 Porteke/ and Agalype Ferrant Porteke,'' his broder, Ponase of Coygne,'' Egeas Toille 
 of Podich, Dassue and vasse' martyne of mielx, and his sone vasse martyne, who was 
 stryken with a darte cleue thrughe his body. Also there was slayne Goussalenas 
 of Merio, Alue Porie, marshall of y oost. a good knyght, Radigos Perriere,' John 
 James of Salues, John Radigo, cosyn to y kynge of Aminoudesque,^ Radigo Radiges 
 Valeronceaux, mendignes of valconseaux. Then the duke of Lancastre begarTto laughe, 
 and Laurence Fongase demaunded and sayd, syr, why do you laughe ? Why, sayd 
 the duke, there is good cause why; I neuer herde so straunge names as I haue herde 
 you reherce. Syr, sayd he, by my fayth all these names we haue in our countrey, and 
 more straunger ; I byleue you well, sayd the duke. But Laurence, what became of 
 the kynge of Castell after this dyscomfyture, made he ony recouery, or dyd he close 
 hymselfe in ony of his townes, or dyd y kynge of Portyngale folowe liym the nexte 
 day ? Nay, surely syr, sayd Laurence, we folowed them no furder, but abode styl in 
 the same place where y felde was, all nyght, and the nexte daye tyll noone ; then we re- 
 tourned to the castell of Alerne,'' a ii. lytel legges fro Juberoth,' and so fro thens to Con- 
 nymbres :'' and y kynge of Castel went to saynt yrayne,' and there toke a barge, and 
 xiiii. w hym, and rowed to a grete shyp, and so wente by the see to Sybyll," where y 
 quene was ; and his men wente some one way and some another, lyke people dysmayde 
 woul recouery, for they lost moche, and of theyr domage they are not lyke to recouer 
 it of a grete season, wout it be by y puyssauce of y frensshe kynge ; and bycause the 
 kynge of Portyngale and his counsayle knowe well y the Castellyans wyll pourchace 
 ayde out of Fraunce, bycause they be alyened togyder, therfore we be sent into this 
 countrey to y kynge of Englande, and to you. Then y duke sayd, Laurence, ye shal 
 not departe hens tyl ye here w you good tidinges ; but I pray you shewe me of the other 
 encountrynge y your men had in the felde of Sybyll," as ye spake of ryght nowe, for I 
 wolde gladly here of dedes of armes, thoughe I be no good knyght myselfe. Syr, sayd 
 y squyer, with ryght a good wyll I shall shewe you. 
 
 After the fayre and honourable iourney y kynge John of Portyngale had at the Ca- 
 base of Juberoth," and that he was retourned with grete tryumphe to y cyte of Lysbone, 
 and y there was no tydynges of ony newe asserpbly of y Castellyans or Frensshmen, but 
 helde the in garysons, then the kynge of Castel departed fro Sybyl," and the quene his 
 wyfe with hym, and wente to Burgus in Castell : and so our men and theyrs made warre 
 togyder by garysons : and so on a tyme the erle of Nauare,'' constable of Portyngale, 
 entred into Castell, into the feldes of Sybyl," with xl. speres, and came before a towne 
 called Valewyde," within whiche there was a CC. men of armes of castell ; y erle of Na- 
 uare'' came to the baryeres, and shewed wel howe he demaunded batayle of the within, 
 who made no semblaut to yssue out ; howbeit, they armed the, and when our men had 
 ben there as longe as it pleased the, the they retourned, and ihey had not rydden past 
 a legge of y coutrey, but y they saw the of y garyson of Valewyde" come galopyng after 
 
 them, 
 
 * Gcirrcy. ^ The Count of Novaire. ' Portelet. '' The Pouvasse d'Acunha. 
 ' Vasco. ' Pereyra. « The " of" is an error — Damirondesque. "" Leyria. 
 
 * Aljubarota. » Coimbra. ' Santarem. I" Seville. • Valverde. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 155 
 
 t"hem, and tlie capytaynes of the was Diogenes' of Padiilo, an experte man of aimes, and 
 t ere'te mayster of saynt Jaques in Galyce: and when our men saw the so coniyn-re, they 
 lyehted on lote, and delyueied theyr horses to theyr pages, and the Spanyardes, who 
 were a "rete nombrc, wolde haue set on y pages and varieties lo haue taken theyr hoises 
 fro them ; some sayd let vs wyn theyr liorses, we can not do them a gretter dyspleasure, 
 nor put the to more payne then to make tliem retourne on foote : then the mayster of 
 saynt Jaques sayd, naye, let vs not do so, for if v\-e wyn the maysters, we shal soone 
 haue y horses, let vs alyght afote, and fight with the,_they shall not endure agaynst vs: 
 and thus whyle y Castellyans were arguynge, our me passed ouer a lytell water y was 
 behynde the, and there toke a grete groude and fortefyed it, and made semblaunt as 
 though they caryed nothyng for theyr horses; and when the Castellyans sawe y they 
 were"passed the water, then they repented the y tliey had not set on soner the they dyd ; 
 honbeit, they thought soone to ouercome our men, and so came on them and began to 
 castdartes; and when the Castellyans had enployed al theyr artyllery, and had no mo 
 dartes to cast, arid had soo contynued dieyr assaulte fro noone tyll it was nere nyght: 
 when our men sawe y theyr enemyes had spente all theyr artyllery, then y erle of 
 Nauare*" made his baner to passe the water, and all his company, and so dasshed in 
 amonge the Castellyans, who anone bega to open, for they were sore trauayled, weryed, 
 and chased in theyr barneys, so y they coulde not helpe themselfe, but were all ouer- 
 throwne and dyscomfyted, and the mayster of saynt Jaques slayne, and mo then Ix. with 
 hym, and the other fled : and so they saued theyr horses, and wan many other fro the 
 Castellyans. How say you syr, had not our me y day a fayre aduenture ? yes, by my 
 faythe, sayd the duke of Lancastre. 
 
 Horn the amhassadours of Portyngale had answere of the kynge of Engtande, and 
 grete gyjtes; and howe they toke theyr leue and tyenle into theyr countreys. 
 
 CAP. XLVI. 
 
 AND syr, bycause of suche rencountres and dedes of armes y our men haue had on 
 theyr enemyes syth y electyon of kyng John of Portyngale, the Portyngales are entied 
 into grete ioy, and most comonly say y god is for them and theyr ryght ; and syr, they 
 say not moche amys to say y god is w the, for in euery thynge as touchyng ony dede of 
 armes lytell or moche, euer syth the dethe of kynge Ferrant,' they haue had the vyctory ; 
 and y erle of Foys y nowe is, one of y gretest lordes of the worlde, and full ol hyghe 
 prudence, as we knowe by them of this countrey, he sayd, y fortune was with vs of 
 Portyngale, and yf the knyghtes of Byerne had byleued hym wha the departed out of his 
 countrey, they sholde not haue armed themselfe agaynst the kynge of Portyngale y nowe 
 is, a wyse and a dyscrete man, and fereth god, and loueth holy chyrche, and exalteth 
 it as moche as he may, and is often tymes in his oratory on his knees in herynge of de- 
 uyne seruyce ; he hath ordeyned y for what so euer busynes it be, y none speke to hym 
 tyll he be out of his oratory, and is a grete clerke, and taketh lytell hede of ony grete 
 sermones, and specyally he wyll haue iustyce kepte in all his royalme, and poore men 
 maynteyned in theyr ryght. 
 
 Thus syr at your request I haue shewed you the maner of our countrey, and all y I 
 knowe of the kynge and all his counsayle, and by the I was comaunded at my departyng 
 frq them to shewe you euerv thynge y 1 knewe ; wheifore syr, it maye please you that 
 
 X 2 ^ 
 
 " Diego. * Count of Novaire. I Ferdinand. 
 
150 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 I myght haue an ans^ve^e. Laurence, sayd the duke, or this tyme I haue shewed you» 
 and yet agayne I say it, that your comynge and these tydynges dotli me grete pleasure ; 
 and ye shall not departe fro me tyll ye be satysfved of all your requestes, and well an- 
 swered in that ye be come for. Syr, sayd the squyer, I thanke you. Then the duke 
 called for wyne and spyces, and so toke theyr leue and wente to theyr lodgynge to 
 Arcorch," to the house of 5' Fawcon in London ; there they were lodged with Thomelyn 
 of Colebrunque.*' 
 
 And it was not longe after but that the duke of Lancastre and the erle of Cambrydge 
 his broder had counsayle togyder of y busynes of Castell and Portyngale, wherof y erle 
 of Cambrydge was well contente, for he had ben in y countrey before more than a yere ; 
 and he was glad to here of the condycyons and tylles of the kynge of Portyngale, and 
 of the quene of Castell, and sayd to his broder, syr, when kynge Ferrant lyued, the 
 Chanon Robsart and syr Wyllyam Wyndesore, and dyuers other knyghtes y were 
 there with me, shewed me as it is nowe fallen : for they sayd how they had herde dyuers 
 of y same coutrey murmure on the quene of Castelles tytle to Portyngale ; therfore I 
 toke away with me my sone, and had no grete affeccyon to that maryage. In the name 
 of god, sayd y duke, the squyer that is here of Portyngale hathe declared all the matter; 
 and I thynke we can not haue so fiiyre an entre into Castell as by Portyngale, for the 
 royalme of Aragon is ferre of, and also the kynge there and his chyldren haue alwayes 
 ben more fauourable to the frensshe partye thenne to vs ; therfore it were not good, 
 syth the kynge of Portyngale maketh for vs this good offre, to refuse it : so on a day for 
 this matter there was a parlyament holden at Westmynstre, and there it was accorded, 
 y the duke of Lancastre sholde haue at the costes of y royalme bitwene a M. and xii. C. 
 speres of chosen men, and ii. M. archers, and a M. of other yomen ; and they were all 
 payde in hande for halfe a yere ; and therwiih all the kynges vncles were well contente, 
 and specyally the duke of Lancastre, to whom pryncypally y matter touched, and as 
 he y sholde be chefe of y armye : and to dyspatche these ambassadours of Portyngale, 
 the kynge of Englande wrote to the kynge of Portyngale louynge letters, conteynyng 
 grete amyte y he wolde here to Portvngale, and grete gyftes were gyue to y mayster of 
 saynt Jaques in Portyngale, and to Laurence Fongase, Avho was alwayes with y duke of 
 Lancastre and w the erle of Cambrydge ; and so on a day these ambassadours toke theyr 
 leue of J' kyng and his cousayle, and dyned y daye w y duke of Lancastre and the erle 
 of Cambrydge, and the nexte day they were delyuered ; and, as I vnderstode, the duke 
 of Lancastre sente letters to the kynge of Portyngale, and also by credence, y he sholde 
 sende a vii. galeys, and an xviii. or xx. other vesselles, to the porte of Brystowe, on the 
 fronters of Wales, for hym and his company to passe into Portyngale ; so the ambassa- 
 doures departed and wente to Hampton, and there founde theyr shyp y taryed for them, 
 and so entred into the see, and had wynde at theyr wyll, and so entred into y hygh Spay- 
 nysshe see, and within v. dayes they were in the hauen of the porte" of Portyngale, at 
 whiche tyme the kynge was there, and was ryght ioyfull of theyr comynge. 
 
 And there y g'ete mayster of saynt Jaques in Portyngale and Laurence Fongase 
 shewed y kynge and his counsayle al y they had sene and herde in Englande, as well of 
 
 ec 
 irtwuc. lo y euienie lo cause nis enemyes lo naue me uiuic icie), utiuimj m-v* y, uio v.^,..- 
 sayle y mayster Alphons Vietat, chefe patron and mayster of all his shyppes and galeys 
 in Portyngale, y he sholde prepayre redy vii. galeys and xviii. other grete shyppes, 
 and to sayle into Englande to fetche y duke of Lancastre and his copany ; and so Al- 
 phons 
 
 ' In the Frencl), " ui lew hostel coucher :" i. e. to sleep at their hotel. ^ Colebrook ? ' Oporto. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 157 
 
 phons was cofnaunded thus to do, and he incontyiient dyd so, and so on a daye de- 
 parted fro the porte ofPortyngale,' and in vi.dayes he arryued at Brystowe, at whiche 
 season the lordes of Englande for y moost parte were ahoute y marches of Wales, for 
 the kynsre was there. When the duke of Lancastre knewe of the comynge of these 
 sliyppesr he was ryght ioyfuU. Then knyghtes and squyeis, and al suche as sholde go 
 witli hym, were seiite for ; so that in the porte of lirystowe there were CC. vesselles, 
 with the fl'ete of Portyngale redy apparelled for y duke and his company : and the dukes 
 entencyon was to haue with hym his wyfe and his chyldre, and to make with them some 
 trood maryages in castel and in Portyngale or his retourne agayne into Englande, for he 
 "Uiouo^ht not°shortely to retourne : for he saw the busynes in Englande lykely to be harde 
 and sharpe, and how the kyng his neucAve was yonge, and had aboute hym peryllous 
 counsayle, wherfore he was y gladder to be gone ; and or he departed, in the presence of 
 his bretherne, he ordeyned his sone, y lorde Henry, erle of Darby, his lieutenaunt of 
 all y he had in Englande, and set aboute hym wyse and sad counsayle ; he was a lusty 
 yonge knyght, ancTwas sone to the duches of Lancastre, the lady Blaunche," doughter 
 to qiiene Phylyp of Englande. I neuer sawe ii. better ladyes, nor of more noble 
 condycyon, nor neuer shal, thoughe I sholde lyue this thousande yeres, whiche is im- 
 possyble. 
 
 When duke John of Lancastre had ordred all his busynes in Englonde, the he toke 
 leue of the kyng and of*his bretherne, and so he wente to Brystowe, and there taryed a 
 xv.dayes, and sKypped all his horses and bagages, mo then ii. M. with hay, lytter, and 
 fresshe water for them. Then the duke entred into a galey, well apparelled, and had 
 by hym a grete shyp yf nede were for hym, and for the duches Constaunce his wyfe, who 
 wente in this iourney with a good courage, for she trusted then to recouer her herytage 
 of Castell, and to be queue there, or she retourned agayne ; and she had with her a 
 doughter, called Katheryne ; and by her fyrst husbande,' ii. other doughters, Izabel^^ 
 and Phylyp, Avhiche Phylyp was maryed to syr Johfi Holande, who was constable of f 
 oost; and the marshall was syr Thomas Moriaux, who had also in maryage one of his 
 doughters ; howbeit, she was a bastarde, and was moder to y lady mereell, damoysel 
 Mary of saynt Hyllary of Hauman ; and admyral of y dukes nauy was syr Thomas 
 Percy ; also there was syr yon fythwaren, the lorde of Lucy, syr Henry Beaumonde, de 
 poumins," syr John of Burnuell,' the lorde Talbot, the lorde Basset, syr Wyllyam Beau- 
 champ, syr Wyllyam Wyndesore, syr Thomas Tracon,^ syr Hughe Spenser, the lorde 
 Wylloughby, the lorde Braston," syr wyllya Fermiton,' syr Jobii Dambricourt," syr 
 Hughe Hastynges, syr Thomas Wancestre,' syr Mauburyn Liniers, syr Loys of Ro- 
 chestre, syr John Soustre," syr Phylyp Tacyel," syr John Bouboufer," syr Robert Cly- 
 con,P syr Nycholas Trenton, Hugyn of Caurele,'' Dauyd Houlegiar,' Thomas Allerey, 
 Hobequyn Beaucestre, and dyuers other, all with penons ; besyde y barons, they were a 
 M. spares of knyghtes and squyers of good men of armes, and ii. M. archers, and a M- 
 of other tawle yome ; they had a fayre season as in y monelh of May, whiche is lyghtly 
 pieasaunt and peasyble ; and so they sayled, coostynge the He of wyght and Gernsey, 
 tyll they came open on ^ coost of Normandy ; they were CC. sayles, and it was a grete 
 beautye to se the galeys glyde on the see approchynge the lande, full of men of armes 
 and archers, sekynge for some aduentures, for it was sayd to them that the armye of 
 
 Normandy 
 
 ' Oporto. '' This is grossly incorrect ; the stop should be after " the lady Blanche," and then the pas- 
 
 sage ought to be " With his, i. e. the duke's mother, quene Phylyp of Englande, I neuer sawe," &c. 
 
 ' This is a mistake : it should be " and by the duke's /)•*/ wife." '' " Elizabeth," who was married to 
 
 sir J. Holland, and not Philippa. •= " The Lord" omitted. ' Sir Richard Burley. 
 
 « Jolnies calls him Tresham ; but, query — Drayton ? '' Bradestan. ' Farrington ? 
 
 ' D'Ambreticouvt. ' Worcester. '" Sounder. ' Tickell. ° This name (which 
 
 occurs in Verard's and the Lyon's editions) is omitted by Johnes. ' Clinton. ^ Calverley. 
 
 ' Holgrave. 
 
158 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 Normandy was on the see ; and truely so they were, tyll the Englysshe flete appered 
 before y boundes of Qiiarentyne ;^ but they knevve by theyr balengers that the armye of 
 Englande was comyuge, and iherfore they withdrewe themselfe into the hauen of 
 Harflewe. 
 
 There is lyghtely nothynge but that it is knowen, and specyally of dedes of armes ; 
 for lordes, knyghtes, and squyers, wyll gladly talke togyder therof. When the dys- 
 cotnfyture was at Julieroth,'' where as the kynge of Castell toke suche losse as ye haue 
 herde, tydynges therof came into Fraunce, as it was reason, for there were many there 
 that had lost at y batayle theyr frendes and kynsmen, and as then there was no warre so 
 lykely to be as in Castell ; also they herde true reporte howe y duke of Lancastre 
 claymed as his ryght enherytaunce the herytage of Castell, and howe he had raysed in 
 Englonde a grete armye, to the entente to dravve into Castell or into Portyngale: so 
 then knyghtes and squyers of y low marches, to auaunce theyr honoure, drewe and 
 sente eche to other to determyne howe they myght best drawe into Castell ; some cou- 
 sayled to go thyder by lande, to eschewe y perylles of y see, and also to scape fro the 
 encountrynge of y Englysshe nauye, and some sayd nay therto, for they sayd y passage 
 by lande was ouer longe ; and also they thought y the kynge of Nauare was not clerely 
 fauourable to y frensshe partye, for the frensshmen and he loued but smally togyder : 
 for it was sayd, and true it was, the frensshemen had taken fro hym all his enherytauce 
 in Normady ; howbeit, I can not tell yf his quarel were iust or not: so thus these 
 copanyos doubted gretely the perylles y myght fall by goynge by lande, as well for the 
 kynge of Nauare as for other, and they thought they sholde neuer come there by the 
 way thrugh Aragon; so at last they concluded to go to Rochell as they dyd, and there 
 to take the se ; there they rygged an xviii. vesselles, and toke but fewe horses w them ; 
 and whe they were all redy, and had wynde at theyr wyll, they entred into theyr ves- 
 selles and so sayled towarde Bayon, for y waye, or nere therto, they must nedes passe ; 
 and in y company there was y lorde of Coursey, syr Johfi Handoy, y vycout of Verliere, 
 syr Peter of Vellamines, syr Guy of Baueux, syr John of castell Morant, f lorde of 
 saynt Liger, syr James of Fougeres, y lorde of Bellannes, syr Trystram of Langurant, y 
 lorde Barroys of Barres, and dyuers other, so y they were a CCC. knyghtes and 
 squyers of chosen men desyrynge armes : thus they sayled by the see, and had wynde 
 and wether as they wolde wysshe, and so aryued without peryl or domage at the porte 
 of saynt Andrewe" in Bysquay, in y yere of our lorde M. iii. C.lxxx. and vi. y xiiii/day 
 of the moneih of May. 
 
 When these knyghtes and squyers of Frauce were aryued at saynt Andrewes,"^ there 
 they refresshed them ii. dayes, and in that space they drew out of theyr shyppes theyr 
 horses and bagages ; then they set forthe and demaunded where they sholde fynde the 
 kynge of Castell ; and it was shewed them howe they sholde fynde hym in the cyte of 
 Burgus in Spayne, where as the he had a grete counsayle for y busynes of his royalme. 
 These knyghtes and squyers toke theyr way to Burgus, and so came thyder, and the 
 kynge of Castell was ryght ioyfull of theyr comynge, and demauded of them tydynges 
 of Fraunce, and w hat way they came thyder ? They answered howe they came by the 
 see fro Rochel, and how it was sayd in frauce y the duke of Lancastre had a grete army 
 of me of armes and archers to come y same season into Castell or elles into Portyngale ; 
 and also how y kynge of Portyngale had sent a nobre of galeys and other shyppes into 
 Englade for hym. Of these tydynges y kyng of Spayne was more pensyue the he was be- 
 fore ; howbeit, he made no semblaunt, but well he thought he sholde haue sore warre 
 in that season ; howbeit, he made good chere to these knyghtes and squyers of Fraunce, 
 and thanked them gretely of theyr comynge ; and then he sayd to syr Robert of Braque- 
 
 niont. 
 
 ' Carentan. " Aljubarota. "^ St. Andero. •> The 4th. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 159 
 
 mont, and to syr John his broder, Syrs, when ye departed fro me tlie yere that is past, 
 I desyred you that vvhensoeuer ye retourned ai^ayne hyder, tliat ye shoKle bryncre with 
 you tenyse balles of Parys for vs to play togyder ; howbeit, it had ben better I hadde 
 charged you to haue brought good bissenetes and good barneys, for I tliynke we shall 
 fynde the season well to enploye them. Syr, sayd the knyght, we haue brought of 
 bothe; syr, alwayes we can not be armed nor alwayes play. Tluis the kynge of Castell 
 made them ryght good chere : then they liad aflfeccyon to goo on pylgrymage to saynt 
 James sytli tliey w-ere in y counlrcy, and some of them had auowed so to do; so they 
 rode all togyder for company, and trussed with them all theyr barneys as thoughe they 
 sholde haue gone to batayle ; and they dyd wysely in theyr so doynge, for it stode them 
 in good stede or they retourned agayne, as ye shall here after. Nowe let vs retourne 
 to y duke of Lancastres armye, who were on the coost of Normandy. 
 
 In lyke maner as by coparyson as fawcons pelegrynes, that haue stande and rested 
 longe on the perche hath grete desyre to flye abrode, in lyke maner the knyghtes and 
 squyers of Englonde desyred to fynde dedes of armes to auaunce themselfe, and sayd 
 eche to other: Why do ye not aryue and go se the boundes and portes of Normandy? 
 there be knyghtes and squyers to awake vs, and to fyght with vs : these wordes multy- 
 plyed that it came to y dukes eyres, and the duke, or he departed out of Englonde, 
 knewe that syr John of Malestroyt, and the lorde of Cambor and Morfonace, and a 
 grete nombre of knyghtes and squyers of Bretayne, lay at the syege in bastydes before 
 Ihe castell of Brest, by the commaundenient of the constable of Fraunce. So when y 
 duke herde of the grete desyre y his men had to fynde some dedes of armes, then he 
 sayd to his admyrall, syr Thomas Percy, and to the constable of his armye, syr John 
 Holande, commaundynge them to addresse theyr nauey towarde Bretayne, sayenge 
 howe he wolde goo and se the castell of Brest, to vysyte and comforte f companyons 
 therin, and to loke on the y be without in the bastydes : of these tydynges y Englysshe- 
 men were ioyful. Then Alphons Vietat, chefe patron of the nauey of Portyngale, who 
 knew ryght well the way and the entrees into Bretayne, whiche were ryght peryllous 
 and daungerous, he made his Galey to lede the trace, and shewed y way to other. The 
 season was fayre and pleasaunt, and the see peasyble, soo they sayled towarde the 
 hauen of Brest, and then taryed for the tyde, for they knewe well with the fludde they 
 sholde into f hauen of Brest : grete pleasure it was to here the trompettes and claryons. 
 The same season syr John of Malestroyt, the vycount of Combor and Morfonace, were 
 syttynge at dyner, whe tydynges came to them how the Englysshe armye was come : 
 then they rose and armed them, for they knewe wel that whe y duke of Lancastre had 
 taken lande, he wolde fyght with them and rayse theyr bastydes ; soo they were all 
 well armed, and of good 'mynde to defende them yf they were assaylledj they were a 
 CCC. knyghtes and squyers. They Englysshemen were ryght ioyful whe they were in 
 the hautn of Brest, and vnderstode howe'y Bretons helde theyr bastydes, and sayd howe 
 they wolde go and se them and fyght with the, for they had grete desyre to doo some 
 dedes of armes. 
 
 Howe 
 
160 THE CRONYCLE OF FROlSSART. 
 
 Howe the duke of Lancaslre assayled llie lordes, knyghtes, and squyers, that were in the 
 bastydes before Brest in Brelayne, and howe they defended themselfe. 
 
 CAP. XLVII. 
 
 THUS the duke of Lanc:istre and his company toke lande a lytell besyde the castell 
 of Brest, and lefte all theyr horses and prouysyo styl in theyr shyppes ; but ail the 
 ladyes and damoyselles toke lande to refresshe them: y fyrst day they dyd nothynge, 
 but apparelled themselfe to lod<j;e on y erthe for ii. or iii. dayes in pauylyons along y see 
 syde ; and so there they lay all y day and that nyght, and the nexte mornyng y con- 
 stable and marshall of the army sowned theyr trompettes to cause euery ma to be armed : 
 and so they dyd, and in good ordre wente towarde y castell to y bastydes, whiche were 
 strongely made, in maner to haue endured a ix. or x. yeres ; and aboute y bastydes there 
 were dykes, gates, tovvres, and good walles, all made of grete tymbre : then the knyghtes 
 andsquyers of Englonde, suche asdesyreddedes ofarmes, came to the barryers of y bas- 
 tides, and there bega to skyrmysshe \V feruent wyl to wyn y bastydes ; and the Bretons, 
 knyghtes and squyers that were within the bastydes Avere redy to defende them ; and 
 to the entente to fyght more at large hande to hande, they dyd put away the barryers 
 of theyr defences, wherin they dyd grete foly, but they trusted to moche in theyr 
 owne chyualry ; there was doone many a goodly feate of armes, and herde rencoun- 
 trynges, and sore foynynge with speres, and they dyd best that had best breth ; howbeit, 
 there were many of y Englysshmen, and therfore they gaue the Bretons moche ado; and 
 so by dene force of armes the Englysshmen wanne the baylles, so y within the closure of y 
 towne there were mo then C. men of armes, so that y bretons were at the poynte to haue 
 lost all: and when syr John of Malestroyte and the vycount of Combor sawe the maner, 
 then he cryed his crye, and sayd, what, how syrs, shall we lose all thus ? on forwarde ; in 
 fyghtynge we sholde not faynte, but outher dethe or honoure. Then the bretons 
 closed togyder with grete courage, and pytched theyr speres and glayues in the erthe, 
 and helde strongly theyr place, and fought couragyously ; there were many fayre dedes 
 of ajmes done, so that by force the Englysshemen were fayne to recule backe, for they 
 were soo wel resysted that they coulde gete no grounde on them, so that they were clene 
 beten out of y baylles, and so, as on that day they coulde not wyn it agayne ; and at 
 another corner of theyr bastydes they had a towre of stone descendynge downe from a 
 rocke, whiche the Bretons helde to theyr aduautage for kepynge of theyr bastydes : 
 therat was made a grete assaulte with archers and other, in the meane season, whyle the 
 other men of armes were fyghtyng at the barryers : and there the Englysshemen passed 
 ouer a lytell dyke that was there, and so came to the foote of the towre w pycke axes 
 and mattockes in theyr handes, and so began to myne sore y towre ; and suche as were 
 within defended themselfe and theyr towre valyauntly, but the Englysshe archers shotte 
 soo hooly togyder, that none durst appere at theyr defence without they were sore 
 pauessed ; and y Englysshemen vndermyned so sore the foundacyon of the towre, that 
 it raue clene in sondre, and the one parte fel downe ; and they y were within, when 
 they sawe it wolde fall, they drewe them all into the parte that stode : then y Englysshe- 
 men made a grete showte, and by that tyme it was late; then they sowned y retrayte, 
 for they sayd they had done ynoughe for that daye. So then the Englysshemen de- 
 parted, and sayd to the Bretons, syrs, abyde there al nyght, and make good watche, for 
 io morow we wyll come and loke on you agayne ; ye se well ynoughe what case ye be 
 in there is nothyng before you to shadowe you from vs. 
 
 The entente of the Englysshemen was the nexte daye to retourne agayne to assayle 
 the bastydes, and to conquere them and all suche as were within them, whiche was rvoht 
 
 well 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FIIOISSART. 161 
 
 well in tlieyr puyssaunce soo to liaue done. So thus the Englysshemen passed the 
 nyglit: it is often tymes sayd, moche thynges sholde fall of mennes thoughtes yf there 
 were no coutre thoiightes there agaynst ; I say it, hycause thoughe there were in the 
 Englysshe oost snbly'll and wyse men of warre, yet the Bretons y were within the bas- 
 tydes were suffycyently prouyded with wysdome, and wel consydered what thynge 
 myglit auayle them, and what thynge was for tlieyr doniage ; they sawe well they must 
 nedes departe thens, or elles to be taken or slayne; then they determyned to trusse 
 that they myght, and to departe and leue theyr bastyde : as they ordeyned so they dyd, 
 and lepte on theyr horses, and lefte theyr bastydes and toke the feldes, and so toke the 
 way to Hanibout, a iiii. myle thens ; they dyd wysely therin, for they feared no pursute 
 of the Englysshemen, bycause theyr horses were not alande. Thus syr John Male- 
 stroyte and his company rode y same nyght to Hanybout ;" they founde it ope; then 
 they feared but lytell the Englysshemen. " The nexle daye the trompettes blewe, and 
 euery man in the oost armed hym, and drewe towarde the assaulte of the bastyde : then 
 they herde tydynges how the Bretons were departed, and had lefte the bastyde voyde ; 
 then y Englysshm'en repented them in that they had not layde a busshment for them, 
 wherby they sholde not haue lost so theyr pray ; then they brake downe the bastyde, 
 and set fyre theron. Thus by the duke of Lancastre y bastydes were raysed before Brest ; 
 and the same day the duke and syr John Holande, and certayne other lordes, wente to 
 se the castell of Brest, and the ladyes w them, and there they ete and drake and made 
 chere, and so wente agayne to theyr lodgynges ; and y nexte day, whiche was y iii. day, 
 they refresshed theyr shyppes w fresshe water, and the iiii. daye toke shyppynge and so 
 departed. 
 
 The fourthe day after, the duke and his company and the maryners toke counsayle 
 togyder, whiche waye they sholde drawe, and wiiether they sholde take lande at Lys- 
 bone, or at the porte of Portyngale,'' or in Bysquay, or at Coulongne f and longe they 
 were in counsayle or they Avere fully determyned ; and Alphons Vietat, patron of the 
 galeys of Portyngale, was sente for to them, and y questyon Avas demaunded of hym : 
 and he answered and sayd, Syrs, for this cause I was sente to you out of Portyngale fro 
 the kynge my mayster ; and, syr, knowc for trouthe, that wheresoeuer ye aryue in his 
 countrey, ye shall be ryght welcome to hym, and it shall be ryght ioyfuU to hym, for 
 gretely he desyreth your comynge and to se you : so thus the space of an houre they 
 were at a poynte to haue landed at the porte of Portyngale'' a xxx. myle from Lysbone ; 
 howbeit, after, they chaunged theyr purpose, for it was sayd amonge them, that it were 
 ferre more honourable for them to lande in the marches of theyr enemyes then in the 
 lande of theyr frendes, saynge also, that yf theyr enemyes knowe y they be landed on 
 them, they shal be the more feared; then they rested to take lande at Coulongne" in 
 Galyce; y maryners set theyr course that way, and had wynde and wether at wyll ; and 
 so after they departed fro Brest, y v. daye they came to the hauen of Coulongne' and 
 taryed for the fludde, wherfore they sholde not approche nere to the lande. 
 
 Nowe shall I shewe you of the knyghtes of Fraunce, as the lorde of Barroys, syr John 
 Braquemont, syr John of Castell Morant, syr Peter of Bellanes, syr Trystra, and other 
 that were come in pylgrymage to y towne of Compostella, where lyeth the body of 
 saynt James ; and whe they had done theyr pylgrymage, and offered, and were in theyr 
 lodgynges, tydynges came to them Howe the Englysshemen were on that coost, and by 
 lykeiyhode to aryue at Coulongne" or they coulde vntrusse theyr barneys and discharge 
 theyr mules. Then they armed them quyckely, and determyned to go thyder to de- 
 fende the porte, castell, and towne there ; and snche as knewe y countrey sayd, syrs, 
 
 Vol. II. Y auaunce 
 
 ' Hennebon. '^ Oporto. ' Corunna. 
 
162 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 auaiince forwarde shortely, for yf the Englyssliemen happen to Wynne the towne or 
 Castell of Coulongne,^ they wyll be lordes of all the countrey aboute : these knyghtes 
 dyd suche dylygence, that they came the same nyght to the towne of Coulongne," 
 whiclie was a xiiii. loiige myles thens, and a coutrey full wylde to laboure in. They 
 came so to the poynte, that they entred into y towne and Castell the same season that 
 the Englysshmen came into the hauen ; and of theyr comynge they of the towne and 
 castell were ryglit ioyfiill, and all that nyght came after them theyr caryages and somers : 
 and in the mornyiig it was g rete beautye to beholde entrynge into the hauen y galeys and 
 shyppes, charged with men and prouysyon, and to here the trompettes and claryons 
 sounde; and the trompettes and claryons of y towne and castell dyd sounde in lyke 
 wyse agaynst them; they Englysshemen knew wel that men of warre were in the towne 
 and Castel: then they yssued out of theyr galeys and shyppes into y feldes, not as then 
 approchynge the towne, for they sawe well y towne was stronge and well prouyded 
 of men of warve: and without the towne there were certayne fissher houses: there y 
 Englysshe lordes made theyr lodgynges, and soo laye styll a iiii. dayes, doynge none 
 other thynge but dyschargynge of theyr shyppes, they had so grete prouysyon : and 
 theyr horses were set a lande, whiche had ben on y see a xv. dayes, sore oppressed what 
 with the furoure of the see and with the nombre of people in euery shyppe, yet they 
 had ben well kepte, and had haye, ootes, and fresshe water sufficyent ; wha euery thynge 
 was voyded out of the galeys and shyppes, then it was demauded of y duke what he 
 wolde haue done with his nauey ? He answered and sayd, I wyll that all the maryners 
 be payde of theyr Avages, and then let euery man do his owne profyte ; I gyue them 
 good leue, for I wyll that euery man do knowe that I wyll neuer passe agayne the see 
 into Englonde tyll I haue my full pleasure of the royalme of Castell, or elles I wyll 
 dye in the quarell: then y maryners were payde, so that eviery man was contente, and 
 so departed when they myght out of the hauen of Coulongne ;' and some wente into 
 Portyngale, and some to Lysbone, and some to Bayon, or to Albay in Bretavgne, or 
 into Engiande ; soo that none abode there behynde. Thus the duke of Lancastre and 
 his men lodged without Coulongne" in suche Jytell houses as they founde there, and 
 abrode in the feldes, in bowers made of grene bowes lyke men of warre. 
 
 Aboute the space of a moneth and more the duke laye at Coulongne,' and remeued 
 not, without it were a huntynge or a hawkynge, for y duke and other lordes of Eng- 
 iande had brought with them hawkes and houndes for theyr sporte, and sparowe hawkes 
 for the ladyes ; also they brought with them in y shyppes mylles to grynde corne and 
 ouyns to bake in : theyr foragers wente dayly a foragynge where as they thought to 
 spede ; liowbeit, they founde no grete plenty of forage, for they were lodged in a poore 
 countrey and a deserte, wherfore they were dryuen to go ferre of for forage: and also 
 they of the garyson of Coulongne," as y barroys of barres, who ryght well coulde take 
 auauntage of his enemyes if nede were, and his other companyons, when they sawe the 
 Englysshe foragers ryde forthe so folysshly, they thought on a daye to be before the, 
 and to make them pay for all tliey had before ; so on a daye they armed them a CC. 
 and rode by guyde in the nyght aboute the woodes and mountjiynes, and so at the 
 brekyng of the day they came to a wood and to a mountayne called the Espynet, and 
 there taryed, for it was shewed them h.owe the Englysshe foragers rode abrode, and true 
 it was, to y nombre of iii. C. : and when these foragers had ben abrode a ii. dayes, and 
 gotten moche forage, then they retonrned towarde theyr oost, and theyr waye laye to 
 passe the pace of the pynet : then they of the busshment brake out on them, and cryed 
 Barroys of barres. Then the foragers were abasshed, for the moost parte of them were 
 vnarmed ; they had a syxe score archers, who dyd put themselfe in good ordre of de- 
 fence, 
 
 ' Corunna. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. ^ 163 
 
 fence, and began to shote, and dyd hurte and wounde men and horses ; and when theyr 
 shot was past, they cast away theyr bowes, and fell to other defence with suche wepons 
 as they had, and some hyd them to saue themselfe. What sholde I make longe tale? Of 
 these Enfflysshe foragers, there' were slayne a CC. and the other saued themselfe as 
 wel as they myght in busshes and hedges, where as horsmen coulde not come to diem ; 
 and suche as fled came to Coulongne,^ and there shewed how y barroys of barres had 
 ouerthrowen them; then they of the oost began to styrre and to arme them, and syr 
 Thomas Moreaux, marshal of the oost, with a CICCCC. mounted on theyr horses, Avith 
 the penon of saynt George, and set forth with grete desyre to fynde the frensshemen, 
 and rode soo longe that they came to the Espynet, and there they founde theyr men 
 lyentre deed, and no thynge elles, for the frensshemen were departed ; soo they retourned 
 without doynge of ony thyng elles, and when they were win halfe a myle of theyr oost, 
 they sawe where the frensshmen entred into theyr garyson of Coulongne :' wherwith 
 they were sore dyspleased, but they coulde not amende it ; and that day the marshal 
 was sore blamed of some of the oost in that he sente forthe or suffered to go forth ony 
 foragers without sure conduyte, consyderynge theyr enemyes beynge lodged so nere 
 them in a sure holde, and of suche nombre able to ouerthiowe v. or a vi. C. foragers; 
 the duke of Lancastre and the Constable so blamed hym, that he was sore ashamed 
 therof; but he excused hymselfe, and sayd howe they had ben forth more then x. 
 tymes before, and had no hurte. Well, sayd the duke, take better hede another tyme, 
 for a case may fall in an houre or in a daye that peraduenture shall not fall agayne in 
 an hundreth dayes. 
 
 Howe the duke of Lancastre and his oost, ivhen they had soiourned a moneth at Cou- 
 longne* then they departed and rode towarde saynt James in Gnlyce. 
 
 CAP. XLVIII. 
 
 AND when the duke of Lacastre had soiourned at Coulongne' y space of a moneth 
 and more, then he was cousayled to dyslodge theselfe, and to drawe towardes saynt 
 James in Galyce, where was a better countrey and a more plentyfull for men and horses; 
 so he departed and rode in thre batayles ; fyrst, the marshal with CCC. speres and yi. C. 
 archers ; then the duke, with CCCC. speres, and all the ladyes and damoyselles in his 
 company ; and in the arrere garde, the constable syr John HoUande, w a CCCC speres 
 and vii. C. archers. Thus they rode fayre and easely in iii. batayles, and were rydynge 
 thre dayes bytwene Coulongne^ and saynt James. The countrey of Galyce was sore 
 afrayde of the dukes comynge thyder, for they fered gretely his puyssauce. The mar- 
 shall with his vowarde came to Compostella, where y body of saynt James lyeth, and 
 the towne was closed agaynst hym ; howbeit, there were no men of warre there in gary- 
 son, but men of y towne y kepte it, for there were no frensshmen wolde vndertake to 
 kepe it to the vtteraunce, for it was not stronge ynoughe to be kepte agaynst suche men 
 of warre as the duke had brought thyder. The marshall of the oost sente thyder an 
 heraulde of armes, to knowe theyr ententes what they wolde do: the heraulde came to 
 the barryers, and there foude y capytayne of y warde, called Alphons of sene : then the 
 heraulde sayde, syr capytayne, here a lytel besyde is the duke of Lancastres marshal, 
 who hath sent me hyder, and he wolde gladly speke with you. Wel, sayd y capytayne, 
 it pleseth me Avel ; let hym come hyder, and we shal speke w hym. The heraulde re- 
 tourned, and shewed the marshall as they sayd. Then y marshall, \v xx. speres w 
 
 Y 2 -'iyfn» 
 
 " Corunna. 
 
164 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 hym, wente thyder, and fbude :it the barryers y capytayne and certayne of y chefe 
 heedes of tlie towuc ; then y marshal lyghted on fote, and iii/ with hym, and the lorde 
 Easset and syr Wyllya Fiemyton ; then y marshall sayd, ye capytayne and your men : 
 My lorde the duke ol Lucastre and my lady, and your lady of Lancastre, doughter to 
 kyngc Don Peter, your lorde and kynge, hath sent me hyder to speke with you, to 
 know what ye wyll do or say, outlier to receyue them as ye sholde do your souerayne 
 lorde and lady, or dies they to assay le you and take you perfoice ; and surely knowe 
 for trouth, if ye he taken perforce, al ye within the towne shall sufire dethe \v the swerde, 
 to gyue ensaijiple to all other. Syr, sayd the capytayne, we wyl not vse vs but by rea- 
 son : we wolde gladly acquyte vs to them y we belonge ; we knowe ryght well y my lady 
 Costauce of Lancastre was dougluer to kynge Don Petero of Castel, so y if kynge Don 
 Peter had abydeu peasybly styl kyng, she had ben then ryghtfull enherytoure of Cas- 
 tell ; but the mailer chauged otherwyse, for al y royalme of Castel abode peasybly to 
 kynge Henry his brother, by reason of the batayle y was at Natuel,'' so y we al of the 
 countrey sware to holde kynge Henry for our kyng: and he kepte it as longe as he 
 lyued ; and also we haue sworne to holde kyng Johii his sone for our kyng: but, syr, 
 shewe vs what haue they of Coulongne" done or sayd to you, for it maye be so, syth ye 
 haue lyne there more than a moneth, y they haue made some maner of treaty with you. 
 That is true, sayd the marshal, we are at a treaty Vv them, or clles they had not scaped 
 as they dyd, and yet the towne of Coulongne'^ is twyse so stronge as is this towne. I 
 shall shew you what treaty they haue made with vs : y me of y towne haue pryuely 
 made a composycyon with vs, savnge how they wyll do euery thyng accordynge as ye 
 do; but though ye wyll sufTre yourselfe to be assayled and dystroyed, yet soo wyll not 
 they do ; for yf the countrey of Gnlyce do yelde them to my lorde the duke and to my 
 lady, they wyll do in lykewyse, and in this we haue good pledges and suflfycyent. 
 That is well sayd, sayd the capytayne ; we in lykewyse wyll holde the same treatye ; 
 there be in the royalme many mo good cytees and townes : ryde on forth, and leue vs 
 in pease, and we wyll do as they do, and in y we wyl delyuer you good pledges and 
 ostages. Nay, syr, not so, sayd the marshall: my lorde y duke nor my lady wyll not 
 suffrey, for they wyl come and lodge here in this towne, and kepe theyr estates as they 
 sholde do in theyr owne herytage ; thei fore answere vs shortely what ye wyll do, outher 
 to yelde, or to be assayled and taken by force and destroyed. Syr, sayd the capytayne, 
 gyue vs lytell leysure y we may speke togyder, and we shal answere you shortely. I 
 am contente, sayd the marshall. Then the capytayne entred into y towne, and caused 
 euery man to come before hym : then wysely he shewed to them, froine poynte to 
 poynte, as ye haue liarde before ; and fynally they agreed to receyue the duke and y 
 duches peasybly as theyr lorde and lady, and to abyde in theyr towne as longe as it 
 pleased them, without the puyssaunce of kynge Johii dyd dryue them thens ; and also 
 that wlie they had taryed there as it pleased them a yere or ii. longer or shorter, and 
 that when they departed out of v countrey, without they lefte there a suffycyent garyson 
 to defende them fro theyr enemyes, elles they to rendre it agayqe to kynge Johii or to 
 his marshall, yf they were soo commaunded, and so they to be quyte of theyr faythe 
 and promyse then made. This treatye y marsall, syr Thomas Moreaux, accepted, and 
 sayd. how they sayd as they ought to do, and that the duke and y duches desyred no- 
 thynge elles of them. Then the marshall retourned to his men, and so to the duke, who 
 taryed for hym in the feldes ; dicre he shewed y duke this treaty, wherw the duke was 
 content, and soo in good ordre of batayle the duke rode to the towne of saynt James. 
 
 Within ii. lytell frensshc myles of saynt James in Galyce, there carpe in processyon 
 
 all 
 
 ° " Tu'o witli him, the lorde Basset and sir William farrino-ton." Johnes says tivdve with him. 
 '' Moiiteil. '^ Coruniia. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 165 
 
 all the clergy of y towne, with crosses and relykes, and mc, women, and chyldren, to 
 mete with the duke and the duches ; and the men of the towne brought the keys with 
 the whiche they prescted to tlie duke and to the duches, with their j-ood wylles by all 
 semblaunt • I can not say if they dyd it with theyr j^ood hmtes or no: there they kneled 
 downe, and receyucd theyr lorde and hidy, and tlicy cntred mto y towne ol saynt 
 James ; and the fyrst voya2,e they made, they wenle to the chyrche and all theyr chyl- 
 dren, and made theyr prayers and offrynge vV grete gil'ies, and it was shewed mt y the 
 duke and y duches and theyr ii. doughters, Phylyp and Katheryn, were lodged m an 
 abbay, and there kept theyr house ; and y other lordes, as syr Johii Holade and syr Tho- 
 mas moreaux and theyr wyues lodged in y towne, and al other barons and knightes 
 lodged abrode in y felde, in houses, and bowres of bowes, ior there were ynowe in the 
 cooTrey ; they foude there llesshe and strong wyne ynough, wherof y Englysshe archers 
 drake so moche y thev were ofte tymes droken, wherby they had y feuers, or elles in y 
 mornyng theyr" hedes were so euyl, y they coulde not heipe theselfe all the day 
 ;»fter. 
 
 And whe y Barroys of barres and John of Castel morant, and y other knyghtes and 
 squyers as Avere in y castel of Couldgne' herde how y duke and duches were entred 
 peasybly into saynt James, and y they were there receyued, the they toke cousayle to- 
 gyder what Avas best lor the to do, .and sayd it was but loly to tary there ony lenger, for 
 here we can haue no good aducture ; let vs go to Burgus to y kynge, and se what he 
 wyll do ; it can be none" other wyse but that he wyll go agaynst these Englysshmen ; lor 
 yf he suflTre the to lodge thus in rest, by lytell and lytell, they shall coquere and be 
 lordes of Castell ; wherfore it is more honourable for vs to go thyder the to abyde here : 
 this cousayle they helde for y best ; so they made the redy to departe, and trussed y they 
 had, and so yssued out of y castell of Coulongne,' and toke theyr leue of them ythey 
 foude there when they entred fyrst ; and they toke gydes, suche as knew y coutrey, 
 elles they had ben encoutred ; so they rode thrugh Bysquay, costyng Galyce, and so 
 came to Lyon in spayne, and as then y kynge and the queue were there : y kynge there 
 welcomed the frensshe knyghtes, as it was reason, and demaunded of the tydynges ; 
 howbeit, he knew ynoughe alredy ; they shewed hym how they entred into coulongne" 
 y same tyme y the englysshmen entred into the hauen, and how the englysshmen foude 
 in the hauen "vii. galeys and other vesselles of Bysquay, laden with wynes, whiche the 
 englysshmen had to theyr profyte ; the merchauntes had sone solde it. Ye, sayd the 
 kynge, so it goth by the warre ; they were not w yse to tary when they knew the army 
 of Englonde on the se ; they myght haue gone into some other quarter. Syr, sayd y 
 knyghtes, they were come thyderin trust of saufegarde, for they sayd the wynes and 
 other marchaundyse y they had sholde go into flaundres, for they had herde wel by y 
 maryners of saynt Andrewes'' y the englysshmen were on the see, and on the boundes 
 and coost of Bysquay ; and true it is, ykynge of Portyngale sent to the galeys and gret 
 shyppes, thynkynge how they wolde haue landed at y poi le' of Portyngale or at Lys- 
 bone, but they dyd the cotrary, as it appered, for they entred into Galyce by Cou- 
 longne/ Well, syrs, sayd the kynge, among you knyghtes of frauce, who knoweth 
 more of dedes of armes the me of this coutrey, for ye haue more haunted and ysed the 
 warre the they haue: how thynke you by the englysshmc ; how haue they borne (.heselfe 
 al this season? Syr, sayd they, they haue borne ihemselfe lyke good me of warre, for 
 they be so close and })ryuy, y harde it is to knowe what they entende to do ; but sup- 
 posyng we thynke y duke ol' Lacastre wyl abyde all this uexte wynter in saynt^James 
 towne and his people theraboute, and ouer rynne y coutrey of Galyce, and wyn y small 
 lioldes and gete vytayles and prouysvons : and tyl somer come by lykelyliode there 
 
 ^ shall 
 
 f Corunna. " St, Aiidero. ' Oporto, 
 
16G THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 shall be some treatye made byt^Yene Ixym and the kynge of Portyngale, or elles neuer: 
 there is one poynte y causeth vs to byleue y some alyaunces sliat be cocluded bytvvene 
 the, and y is, y duke hath brought out of Englade with hym al his doughters maryed 
 and to mary; he hath ii. to mary, and we thynke y kyng of Portyngale, your aduer- 
 sary, shal haue one of them. Wei, sayd y kyng, what thynge were best for me to do? 
 Syr, sayd y knyght, we shal shew you : cause al your townes and castels on y fronter of 
 galyce to be wel kepte, suche as be of stregth : and suche as be of no strength, cause the 
 to be beten downe : it is shewed vs how men of y coutrey do fortefy minsters, chyrches, 
 and steples, and bryng into the al theyr goodes. Syr, surely this shal be the losse and 
 confusyon of your royalnie; for whey englysshmen ryde abrode, these small holdes. 
 chyrches, and steples shal holde no while agaynst the, but they shal be refresshed and 
 nourysshed w suche prouysyon as they shall fynde in them, whiche shal helpe to fur- 
 ther them to Wynne all y resydue ; therfore, syr, we say y and ye do wel cause al suche 
 holdes to be beten downe now whyle ye haue leysure, and make a crye, y wout euery 
 thyng be auoyded into y' good townes and into stronge castelles bytwene this and the 
 feest of all sayntes, and elles let it be forfayte and abando it to your me of warre, who- 
 soeuer can catche it, or at the furthest by the feest of saynt Andrewe : it were better 
 your owne me had the profyte therof rather then your enemyes; and, syr, sende specy- 
 ally certayne persones of your counsayle to y frensshe kyng, certefyeng hym what case 
 you and your countrey is in: thus, syr, sende to the kyng and his vncles, y duke of 
 Berrey and y duke of Borgoyne, shewyng the surely y by all lykelyhode in this nexte 
 somer y^e shal haue y grettest war y euer was made in spayne, other by y prynce or by 
 ony other. Syr, wryte pyteous letters, desyrynge the kynge and his vncles to coforte 
 you in this your grete nede w some good me of armes, to resyst your enemyes and to 
 kepe and defede your royalme; there is grete alyaunces allredy bytwene the frensshe 
 kynge and you, and in lykewyse was by hym and your fader; and, syr, surely in no 
 wyse y frensshe kyng and the noble royalme of frauce, whiche may do more in dede 
 the englande and Portyngale ioyned togyder, in this case wyll not fayle you ; for whe 
 y fresshe kyng and his coiisayle be iustly enfourmed of euery thynge, ye shal wel per- 
 ceyue they wyll take suche regarde therto, y ye shal take but lytel doraage by this war; 
 for knightes and squyers of frauce desyring to auaunce theyr dedes, w a lytell worde or 
 comaudement, wyll drawe into these partyes to fynde dedes of armes, for as nowe they 
 "wote not where to employ theyr tyme better, for fraiace and flaiaders as now be accorded, 
 Tvhiche hath ben at war a long season, and also there is a truce bytwene frauce and 
 englade as beyonde y ryuer of Loyre, to endure to y feest of saynt John baptyst ; ther- 
 fore, syr, ye shal se knyghtes and squyers of fraiice come hyder in good nombres, as 
 well to fynde dedes of armes as to se this coutrey and to mete y englysshme; but, syr, 
 we cousayle you for your profyte, y al these smal holdes, chyrches, mynsters, and 
 steples abrode in y coutrey, let the be put downe, if ye thynke to haue ioy of y resydue. 
 The the kyng of Castel sayd, syrs, ye cousayle me truely, and thus wyll I do fro hens 
 forwarde ; the, without takyng of ony further cousayle, he comaunded al suche holdes 
 as were of no grete strength to be beten downe, and abandoned to y frensshe knyghtes al 
 f they founde in the, and to se y it were done as they had deuysed. Syr, sayd they, jf 
 is wel sayd; syr, we shal se it accoplysshed, and shal helpe to saue all the resydue^ 
 this worde y the kyng of Castel sayd to the of frauce, and the auctorite y he gaue to the 
 was wel worth to the CC. M. frankes of profyte, and specyally to the y came fyrst into 
 Castel, whe the duke of Lacastre aryued at coulongne.^ Thus thrughout al the royalme 
 of Castel al smal holdes, chyrches, and steples, and suche as were not sufficyent to be 
 kepte, were put downe, and all y goodes in the abandoned to the me of warre ; so the 
 people of y countrey were atrapp'ed and begyled, suche as had fortefyed suche places, 
 
 and 
 
 ' Corunna. 
 
THE CRONYGLE OF FROISSART. 167 
 
 and put in the theyr gootles, as wyne, come, flesshe, and other thiges, thynkyng there 
 to haue kepte the sure ; but it I'ell tlie colrary, for kny^htes and squyers sente thyder 
 theyr me, and toke al, and brought suche pi ouysyon as they i'oude there to theyr mays- 
 ters lodcryn^es ; but as for golde and syluer, suche as they foude, and suche money as 
 they m;Kle \he vylaynes to pay for theyr owne goodes, y money neuer came to no 
 knowled'fe, lor y they kepte styll in theyr purses ; and some of y poore copanyons, 
 suche as were more subtyl the other, moost aduentured, and therby wan moost ; often 
 tymes, suche as cometh fro theyr owne howses moost porest, in suche cases be sonest 
 mouted on good horses and genettes, v. or vi. in theyr stable, gyrdelles of chaynes of 
 golde and syluer, and a M. or ii. M. frankes in theyr purse, and whe they were in 
 theyr owne coutrey, were Hiyne to go afote or on a nagge : thus y copanyons y came 
 fyrst into Castel wan moche ryches, and the poore me of y coutrey payde for al, for they 
 were robbed and rytled w theyr owne me, for they wolde not y theyr enerayes sholde 
 haue had ony profyte therof: and when these tydynges came into frauce to other copan- 
 yons how y pore knyghtes and squyers y were gone into Castell were made so ryche, 
 they were the more eger to go out of theyr houses and to draw into spayne, cosi- 
 deryng how they myght there as well pyll and robbe on theyr frendes as on theyr 
 enemyes. 
 
 Of the grete apparell and prouysi/on that generally rms made in the royalme of frauce by 
 the kyng there and by his cousayle, for a iourney to be made into Englande ; and also of 
 the dethe of Frauncis Atreman. 
 
 CAP. XLIX. 
 
 THE frensshe kyng and his counsayle were wel enfourmed ofy^ voyage y the duke 
 of Lacastre sholde make into Gastel, or he departed, for y voyce flewe quyckely y the 
 royalme of Castel sholde haue moche adoysomer; and to fynde some remedy ther 
 agaynst, the duke of Burgoyne made so lyghtly peas w the gautoyse, to y entente to 
 ayde y necessyte of y kyng of Castel, wherto the frensshe kyng and the royalme of 
 frauce were bounde for dyuers reasons; for by y kyng of Castel, and his men and 
 shyppes on y see, the busynes of y royalme of fraunce were in good state, and also be- 
 syde y, the yonge kynge Charles of frauce had grete affeccyon to go w an army into 
 y royalme of englande: all knyghtes and squyers of frauce were well agreed therto, and 
 specyally his vncle y duke of Burgoyne, and the constable of fraunce,^ for al y he had to 
 his wyfe the syster of kyng Rycharde of englande, and also y lorde of Coucy : these 
 lordes and the most parte of y chyualry of frauce sayd, why sholde we not ones go into 
 Englande to se the countrey and the people there, and teche them the way as they haue 
 done in fraunce ; and so in y yere of our lorde M.CCC.lxxx.vi. what to y entente to 
 breke y duke of Lancastres voyage, and to cause hym to retourne out of Castel, and to 
 gyue teare to y englysshme, grete ordenauce for y voyage was made in frauce, and taxes 
 and tallages set and assysed in cytees and good townes, and in y playne countrey. y in 
 a C. yere before there was none suche sene, and also grete apparel made by the see al f 
 somer ; tyll y moneth of septembre they dyd no thyng elles on y see coost but grynde 
 corne and bake bysket, and at Tournay, lysle, doway, arras, Amyas,'' bethune, aaynt 
 omers, and in all the townes aboute Sluse, for y frensshe kynges cntencyon and his 
 counsayle was to take y see at Sluse, and so to entre into englande to distroy y countrey: 
 they y were ryche men in y royalme of frauce, to y ayde of this voyage were taxed and 
 
 tayled 
 
 " " And the Count dc St: Pol"— omiUed, t Amiens. 
 
168 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 tayled to the iii. and iiii. parte of theyr g;oodes, and many payde more the they were 
 worth besyde, to accoplysshe y payment for men of warre. 
 
 Fro Spayne and fro the porte of sybyll' to Pruce'' there was no grete shyp on y see 
 y J frensshemen coulde lay theyr handes on, nor vnder theyr owne obeysaunce, but 
 were reteyned for y frensshe kynge and his men : prouysyon came fro al partyes and 
 aryued in fiaimders, both wyne, salte, flesshe, hay in tonnes, otes, onyons, bysket, floure, 
 egges in pypes, and of al maner of thynges y coulde be deuysed ; so y in tyme to come 
 it coulde not be byleued but by the y sawe it. Lordes, knyghtes, squyers, and men of 
 war were wryten vnto, and desyred to come and serue y kyng in his iourney, as out of 
 Sauoy, Almayne," and fro y sone goynge downe to y lande of y erle of Armynacke ; and 
 so these lordes offarre countreys, as the erle of Sauoy, was reteyned with v. Csperes, 
 also y erle of armynacke, and y dolphyn of Awuergne : and these lordes, thoughe they 
 were of farre coiitreys, and knew not what ende this wane sholde come to, yet they 
 made theyr prouysyons so grete and costly, y it was gret meruayle to thynke therof, 
 and it was wonder to consyder fro whens all suche prouysyon came, what by lande and 
 by see into fl adders, as to bruges, to Dan,'' and to SI use ; and so there was sent for into 
 Holade, zelande, meldebourge,"^ zerechyel,^ dourdrest,^' stonehone," and to all other 
 townes on y see coost, and to y ryuers entryng into y see for al maner of shyppes y 
 coulde do ony seruyce, and al were brought to Sluse ; but y holanders and y zelanders 
 sayd to the y reteyned the, yf ye wyl haue our seruyce, pay vs our wages clerely, or 
 elles we wyl go to no parte ; so they were payde, wherin they dyd wysely. I trowe, 
 syth god created y worlde, there was neuer sene so many grete shyppes togyder as was 
 y yere at sluse and at Blanquerge ;' for in y moneth of septebre in y sayd yere they were 
 nobred a xii. C. Ixxx. vii. shyppes at Sluse ; there mastes semed in y se lyke a grete wood, 
 and the costable of Fraunce shyp was apparelled at Lentregmer* in bretagae ; also the 
 costable caused to be made in bretaygne of tymbre a closure of a towne, or lyke a parke, 
 y whe they had take lande in englade, to close in theyr felde, to lodge therl more at 
 theyr ease, vVout waking or skries ; and whesoeuer they sholde remoue theyr felde, y 
 closure was so made, y they rayght take it a sonder in peces, and a grete nombre of car- 
 peters and other receyued in wages to atende iheron. I herde not j y duke of bretaygne 
 made ony prouysyo to go in this iourney, nor the duke of Tourayne, the kynges yonger 
 broder, nor the erle of Bloys ; al myght not go, for some must abyde behynde, to kepe 
 y royalme. 
 
 Who so had ben y seaso at bruges, at dan,'' or at sluse, and sene y busynes there in 
 chargynge of shyppes w hay, sackyng of bysket, and ladyng in of onyons, peson, benes, 
 barley, candelles, hosen, shoos, spurres, knyues, daggers, axes of war, axes to hew wal, 
 mattockes, nayles, beddes, couches, horse shoos, poltes, panes, cadelstyckes, and al 
 maner of necessaryes for kechyn, botery, and al other oflyces, and of euery thyng y 
 coulde be thought of, necessary to serue ma and horse ; al was had into shyppes in one 
 thyng or other: whosoeuer had sene it, if he had bene seke, I thynke he wolde clene 
 haue forgoten al y payne ; y copanyons of frauce rekened none otherwise amonge the- 
 selfe, whe they spake togyder, but y the royalme of englade sholde clene haue ben lost 
 and exyled wout recouery, and al y men, women, and chyldre therin slayne aixl taken 
 and caryed into frauce in seruytude. 
 
 Of this grete apparel thus made to come into englande, y kyng of englade and his 
 cousayle were wel enfourmed therof; and it was surely affyrmed that the frensshme 
 
 wolde 
 
 ' Seville. ^ Prussia. " Germany. ^ Damme. ■■ Middleburgii. 
 
 ' Overyssel? « Dordrecht. 1" Schoenhoven. ! Blankenbiirgh. !" Treguier. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. I69 
 
 wolde come thyder, for so they had surely sworne ; it was no meruayle, ^though this 
 grete apparel somwhat at y begynnyng abasshed y englysshme ; and also y matter was 
 shewed moche more then it was in dede, and also y englyssinnen were in no sure cer- 
 taynte whether this preparacyon was to come into Englande, or elles to lay syege to 
 Caleys bothe by lande and by see: for the englysshme knewe wel, y of all the townes in 
 the worlde, y frensshmen most desyred to haue caleys ; wherfore the kyng of englande 
 sent to Caleys grete prouisyon of whete and other comes, sake flesshe, fysshe, wyne, 
 bere, and other thynges ; and thyder was sent syr Thomas Holade erle of kente, syr 
 Hughe Caurell/ syr wyllya Helman, syr Dangouses," syr water of Vurnes,' syr Water 
 paulle, syr Wyllya Toucet,"^ syr Loys of Mounlalban, syr Colars of Dabrychcourte,'' 
 and V. C.men of armes, and v. C. archers ; and y erle Rycharde of Arudel, and syr 
 Henry spenser/ were ordeyned to kepe the see with xl. grete shyppes wel decked, with 
 men of armes and archers, to y nombre of CCC. men of armes and vi. C. archers. 
 
 On the other syde it was sayd in dyuers places in fraunce, in haynalte, and in pycardy, 
 y y fresshe armye y was thus apparelled in flauders, was nother to go into englande nor 
 toCalays, but rather to retourne al y matter, and set on y towne of Gaunte: and as it 
 was enfourmed, y towne of Gaunte ^ same season doubted gretely y all y apparell was 
 for to come on the ; but they were in a wronge byleue, for y duke of Borgoyne theyr 
 lorde wolde nothyng to the but good rest and peas, thoughe y Frauncis Atreman were 
 slayne anone after the makyng of the peas at Tournay : for of his deth y duke was no- 
 thyng to blame, nor the duke had none euyll wyl to hym, though in y season of war he 
 dyd many feates of armes for y towne agaynst the duke, as it hath ben declared more 
 playnly here before ; for though he came to an euyl ende, it was his owne defaulte ; for 
 if he had byleued Peter du boys, it had ben otherwyse with hym ; for when the peas 
 was made bytwene y duke of Borgoyne and them of Gaunt, when he retourned fro Tour- 
 nay to Gaunt, and y Peter du boys made hym redy to go into Englande with syr John 
 Bourser,5 ^hg^ Peter sayd to hym, Fraucis, what wyll ye do ? wyll ye go into Englande 
 with vs ? Then he sayd he wolde abyde styll in Gaunt. Why, sayd Peter, thynke you 
 to abyde here in peas ? there is grete hatred agaynst you and me ; I wyll abyde for no- 
 thynge here; it is not to tryst in y comontye; ye haue herde how they of Gaunt slue 
 and murdred the valyaunt Jaques of Artuell, who had done so moche good to the 
 towne bothe in counsayle and in armes: and for a lytell cause the vyilaynes slue hym, 
 and the honest men of the towne dyd not saue hym, but rather dyssymuled and was glad 
 of his dethe : in lykewyse, Frauncis wyll they do with you and me yf 1 abyde here ; but 
 as for me, I wyll not tary ; therfore adue. 
 
 Why, sayd Frauncis, the duke of Borgoyne hath pardoned all thynges, and hath re- 
 teyned me, yf I wyll, to go with hym, to be as a squyer of his stable, with iiii. horses; 
 and he, and also syr Guy of Tremoyll,''sheweth me grete sygne of loue. In the name 
 of god, sayd Peter du boys, I speke not of my lorde y duke of Borgoyne, nor of his 
 knyghtes ; I thynke they wyll kepe well the peas ; but I speke of the comons of Gaunt; 
 there be some y ye have not alwayes pleased ; remembre ye not of the lorde of Sargelles," 
 whom ye made to be slayne, and other? Knowe for trouth, y these passed hatredes 
 wyl contynue in theyr hartes yf ye abyde amonge the; yet it were better for you to go 
 and dwell with y duke of Borgoyne. Well, sayd Frauncis, I shall take aduyse ; but 
 into Englande I wyl not go. Thus Frauncis Atreman abode styll, and peter du boys 
 wente with syr John Bourser :• and anone after y, the peas was cryed and publysshed in 
 all the partyes of Flaunders ; then there was made a crye that none sholde bere ony 
 armure or sworde after hym: and Frauncis Atrema, who was styll in Gaunt, and had 
 
 Vol. II. Z kepte 
 
 = Calverley. *■ The Earl of Angus. 'Warren. -^ Touchet. " D'Ambreticourt. 
 
 ' Despenser. « Bourchier. '' TremouiUe, ' De Harselles. 
 
170 THE CRONYGLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 kepte a grete estate the warre diirynge, thought to contynue somwhat his honestye | 
 euer where he went he had a iii. or iiii. seruauntes waytynge on hym, armed and beryng 
 swordes and other wepons on the ; and when this crye was made in the dukes name, he 
 thought it sholde not rynne on hym nor none of his seruauntes, he thought hymselfe 
 soo well in fauoure with them of the towne : but he was deceyued, for within a vii. or 
 viii. dayes after the cry was proclamed y dukes baylyffe came personally to hym and 
 sayd, Fraucis, ye put my lorde the dukes offycers in grete suspecte ; why do you o-q 
 aboute in y towne in barneys, and your seruauntes, beryng swordes and wepons of de- 
 fence, as thoughe it were in y tyme of war, whiche pleaseth not vs ; wherfore we co- 
 maunde you in the dukes name to lay them downe. Frauncis, who thought none euyll 
 in y he dyd, but to maynteyne his estate, answered and sayd, syr baylyffe, I wyll obey 
 as it is reason, and I thanke god I hate no persone, nor wolde noty ony sholde haue ony 
 hurte for my sake; howbeit, I had thought to haue had that aduautage in y towne of 
 Gaunt, y I myght haue had my seruautes were theyr swordes after me. Nay, sayd the 
 baylyffe, not so; for suche of the towne as ye haue done seruyce vnto speke ther 
 agaynste, and haue meruayle therof, and demaunde of me why I dosuffreit: they 
 saye it semeth that I wolde renewe agayne the olde warre, whiche they wyll not suffre; 
 wherfore, Fraucis, I pray you do so that I here no more therof; for yf ye will not obey, 
 I must repute you as an enemy to my lorde the duke and to my lady of borgoyne ; and 
 so the baylyffe departed fro hym; and frauncis wente to his lodgynge, and caused his 
 seruauntes to lay downe all theyr armure, and so entred into suche a fantasye, that moost 
 parte after he wente in y towne all alone, or but one with hym, chylde or seruaunt. 
 So it was on a daye there was a feest kepte without the towne of Gaunt, in the abbey of 
 saynt Peters, and Frauncis Atreman wente thyder, and but one seruaunt with hym, 
 without armure or wepyn: he was spyed and poursued with a bastarde sone of the lorde 
 of Harzelles, whom he had ciused to be slayne before; wherfore the his sone thought 
 to be reuenged of his faders detli : this bastarde was prouyded for the matter, and pour- 
 sued Frauncis tyl he came out of the towne and farre fro ony company, and cryed on 
 liym and sayd. A, thou Fiauiicis Atrema, thou shalte dye ; thou caused my fader to be 
 slavne. and I shall slee the; and as Fraucis tourned hym, the bastarde si rake hym on y 
 heed with his svvorde so weyghty a stroke, that he claue his heed to the tethe, and so fell 
 downe deed to the erthe ; and the bastarde wente his way fayre and easely, no man 
 poursued hym: so this Frauncis Atreman was wel worthy to dye, in tliat he wolde not 
 byleue Peter du Boys: and when lydyiiges came into englande, and that Peter du 
 boys knew therof, he toke but siiial thought for liym, and sayd, or I dcpruted fro Gaunt 
 I well aduysed hym ; let vs se nowe wlio wyll amende it ; not they that duryng the warre 
 dydgretely honoure hym: for suche doubtes 1 byleued syr Johii Bourser,^ and came into 
 englande. 
 
 Nowe let vs retourne to the prouisyons that were made at this season at Dan'' and at 
 Sluse ; it is not had in remembrauce of ma, nor by wrytynge, neuer none iyke sene nor 
 herde of: Golde and syluer was no more spared then thoughe it had rayned out of the 
 clowdes, or scomed outof ysee: the grete lordes of fraunce sent theyr seruauntes to 
 Sluse, to apparell and make redy theyr prouysyons and shyppes, and to furnysshe 
 them of euery thynge nedeful ; the kynge hymselfe, as yonge as he was, had more wyl 
 to this iourney then ony other, and that he alwayes shewed to the ende therof: euery 
 ma helped to make prouysyo for other, and to garnysshe theyr shyppes, and to paynte 
 them with theyr armes ; paynters had as then a good season, for they wan and had 
 whatsoeuer they desyred, and yet there coulde not ynow be gote for money ; they made 
 baners, penons, standerdes of sylke, soo goodly, y it was meruayle to beholde the; also 
 
 they 
 
 ' Bourchier, ■* Darame. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 171 
 
 they paynted theyr mastes of theyr shippes, fro the one ende to the other, glyteryng 
 with golde and deuvses and armes ; and specyally it was shewed me, y the lorde Guy 
 of tremoyle" garnyssh.d his shyp rychely ; the payntynges y were made cost more than 
 ii. M. frankes ; whatsoeuer ony lorde coulde deuyse for theyr pleasure made in shyppes: 
 and the pore people of the royalme payed for al, for the tallages were there so grete 
 to fournysshe this voyage, that they y were most ryche sorewed for it, and the poore 
 fled for it. 
 
 Al y euer was done in Fraunce, in flauders, and other places, for this voyage was wel 
 knov«en in Englande, and it was made moche gretter then it was in dede ; wherof the 
 people in dyuers places of the royalme were sore ahasshed, and there were made gene- 
 rall processyons in cnery good towne and cyte by prelates and men of the chyrche iii. 
 tymes euery weke, whiche were made in grete deuocyon with the hartes with holy 
 prayers and orysons to god to delyuer them fro y peryll ; howbeit, there were in eng- 
 lande a C. M. that desyred hartely that y frensshmen myght come and aryue in eng- 
 lande ; and suche lyghtcompanyons, in comfortynge of themselie and of them that were 
 abasshed, sayd, let these frensshmen come; there shall not one tayle of them retourne 
 agayue into fraunce ; and suclie persons as were in det, and cared not for y payment 
 therof, were gretely reioysed of y comynge of the frensshmen, and wolde say to theyr 
 credytours, when they demaunded theyr det, syrs, holde you styll, they forge in Frauce 
 new floreyns, wherwith ye shall be payde ; and in y trust therof they lyued and spente 
 largely ; and whe they myght not be trusted, they wolde say, what wolde ye haue of vs ? 
 It were better for you that we sholde spende frely the goodes of this royalme, rather the 
 the frensshmen sholde fynde it and haue it ; and so by that meanes there was spente in 
 outrage in Englande a M. poude sterlynge. 
 
 In this season y kyng of englade was in y marches of walles, and w hym the erle of 
 Oxenforde,'' by whom euery thynge was done in englade, and wout hym nothyng done; 
 and chefe of y kynges cousayle were syr Symon Burle,"" syr Nicholas braule,*^ syr Robert 
 tauylyon," syr Robert beauchamp, syr John salwen,' and syr mychel de la polle ; and 
 also there was named y bysshop of Norwyche and syr wyllya Neuell, broder to y lorde 
 Neuel : al these, as it was sayd, dyd w y kyng what they lyst ; as for y kynges vncles, y 
 erle of Cambrydge and the erle of Buckyngha, coulde do nothyng, wout it were agreable 
 to y other before sayd : and this trouble and differece amoge theselfe was well knowen 
 in frauce, whiche gretly auaunced theyr iourney ; they wolde haue had y duke of La- 
 castre to haue withdrawe his iourney out of Gastell, but he toke no hede therof to let his 
 voyage. Whe y lordes of englade and the prelates and y people of 5' good townes and 
 cytees and comons of the royalme were iustly and credybly enfourmed how y frensshe 
 kyng was redy to come into englande to dystroy it, then they drew togider to cousayle ; 
 the y kyng was wryten vnto by his vncles, y he sholde come to Londo, certefyeng hym 
 how y comons of his royalme were not cotent with hym nor his counsayle ; y kyng and 
 his couiwayle wolde not refuse y goynge thyder, but so departed fro y marches of wales, 
 where they had ben long and the queue also, and so came to Wyndesore, and there 
 taryed a certayne dayes : and then y kyng lefte there y^ quene, and so went to West- 
 mynstre to his palace and there taryed ; and thyder came to hym al suche as had to do, 
 and there they toke cousayle how they sholde be demeaned agaynst this iourney of y 
 frensshe kyng: then the erle of Salysbury, who was a ryght valyaunt and prudent 
 knyght, sayd before y kyng and his vncles, and before al y prelates and lordes of eng- 
 lande y were there present, syr, my souerayn lorde, and al ye my lordes and other, it 
 ought not to be meruayled of our aduersary f frensshe kyng wyll come and ryn vpo vs ; 
 
 Z "2 for 
 
 ; De la Tremouille. ;; Oxford, ' Burley, :■ Bramber. ! Tresillian. I Salisbury. 
 
172 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 for syth y deth of the last noble and puyssaunt kyng Edward, of noble memory, this 
 royalme here hath ben in gret adueture to haue ben lost and dystroyed with y vyllaynes 
 of y same ; and also it is well knowen in fraiince how we be not al of one accorde ; wher- 
 fore this trouble appereth, y whiche is not lytel, for he is but a foole y fereth not his 
 enemyes ; and as longe as the royalme of Englande was in vnyte, y kyng with his 
 people and they vV hym, the we prospered and reygned vyctoryously, nor we savve nor 
 founde none y dyd vs ony grete wronge ; wherfore it is now nedeful, neiier more nede 
 appered in englande, y we coferme ourselfe to rest (in) loue and vnyte, if we thynke to 
 come to ony honour; and y we ordeyne at y portes and hauens of englande suche pro- 
 uysyon and defence that our countrey receyue no blame nor domage. 
 
 This noble royalme of Englande hath ben a longe season in tryOphaunt floure, and 
 euery man knoweth well a thynge y is in floure hath more nede to be wel kepte the whe 
 It IS tourned to parfyte fruyte ; therfore we ought to se and cosyder how this royalme is 
 in his flourysshynge floure, for within this Ix. yeres knyghtes and squyers therof, bothe 
 within y royalme and vvout, haue had more honoure then ony other nacyo ; therfore let 
 ys put to our paynes y as long as we lyue we may kepe this honour ; the euery ma sayd, 
 y it were good y it were so. 
 
 The erle of salysburies wordes were wel herde and accepted as the wordes and coun- 
 sayleof anoble, valyaunt, and sage knyght: all y was sayd by hym, and deuysed among 
 the, I wyl not long rest theron, for I thynke not to know al : but I know wel y the towne 
 of Caleys was kepte as I sayd before ; and they ordeyned to kepe y hauyns and portes 
 where as they supposed y y frensshme wolde aryue, y erle of salysJaury, bycause parte 
 of his lande marched nere to y yle of wyglit, whiche is ryght ouer agaynst Normandy 
 and the coutrey of Caulx ; therfore he .was set there with his me and archers of y coun- 
 trey ; and the erle of deuynshyre to be at Hampton' with CC. men of armes and vi. C. 
 archers to kepe^the hauyn ; y erle of Northubrelande at Rye with CC. me of armes and 
 vi.C. archers; yerleof Cabrydgeat douer w v. C. me of armes and xii.C. archers ; and his 
 broder, y erle of Buckyngha, at Sadwyche with vi. C. me of armes and xii. C. archers ; 
 y erle of stafforde and y erle of Penbroke were sent to Orwel hauyn Avith v. C. me of 
 armes and xii. C. archers ; and syr henry percy and faulx percy were at yarmouth w 
 iii. C. me of armes and vi. C. archers; and syr Symon burle'' was capytayne of Douer 
 castel: al y hauyns and portes bytwene y ryuer of Humbre and Cornewal were re- 
 fresshed with me of war and archers ; and on y nioUitaynes and hylles costyng the see 
 on the fronters agaynst flauders and frauce were set watche me and watchers in dyuers 
 maners, I ca not tell how ; they had empty pypes, fylled w sade, one set oir another, 
 and on the hyght of the were places for me to syt on, whiche nyght and day kepte 
 watche lokynge into the see ; and they were charged, y yf they saw y frensshe nauy 
 aproche towarde the lade, the to make fyers alofte on y hylles to slyre y coutiey to 
 drawe to y coost where y- fyers apered ; and it Mas ordeyned y they shoide suffre y 
 frensshe kyng peasybly to take lande and al his, and to suffre hym to entre into y lade 
 a iii. or iiii.days, and so the fyrst to go toy see where he landed, and to fyght w the 
 shyppes and to wyn them yf they colde, to dystroy the, and take al theyr prouysyon, 
 and die to folow y frensshme, not incotynet to fyght \V the, but to hary the, and to 
 kepe the wakynge, and to kepe the fro goynge a fbragynge, and to dystroy the all y 
 were abrode in y countrey, so y thei43y they shoide famysslie the ; this was y opynyon 
 and cousavle in englade: and Rochestre brydge was broken, where is a grete ryuer 
 rynnynge Iro arundel^ into y coutye of Essex, and entreth into y see and into Tamyse"^ 
 agaynst y yle of Tenet ; this brydge they of Londo bet downe, to be y more surer. And 
 
 Avhereas 
 
 'Southampton. '' Burley. "" fro Arundel" appears to be an interpolation. ■* The Thames. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 173 
 
 whereas taxes and tallages were grete in fraiice on y men oT y lownes, in lykewyse they 
 were <rrete j season in englade, so j y royahiie sorowed it a pele season after ; but they 
 were glad to pay y sowdyours, to be therby dtleded : tliert; were redy in englade a C. 
 M. archers and a x. M. men of amies, besyde y grete copany y the duke of" Lancastre had 
 into castel, of whom now we wyll spake somewhat, and shew of y aquayntaiice j' was 
 bytwene hym and y kyng of Portyngale, and then I shal retourne to speke agayne of 
 englande, for y matter requyreth to speke as wel of y one as of the other. 
 
 Hotv the kyng of Portyngale wrote amyably to the duke of Lancastre, tvhe he knew 
 that he was aiyued al snynl James in Galyce; and ol the socours that the kyng of 
 Castel sent for into fraunce ; and how the towne of Ruelles in Galyce was taken by 
 the englysshemen. 
 
 CAP. L. 
 
 YE haue herde before in this hystory how y duke of Lacastre, Avith a fayre copany 
 of me of armes and archers, were aryued at Coulongne" in Galyce ; and how by copo- 
 sycyon y towne, not y castel, was yelden to hym : thus they sayd they wolde do as other 
 townes in Galyce dyd, and so therby they were not assayled; and the y duke, his wyfe, 
 and chyldrencame to the towne ofsavnt James, called Copostella, and ihere laye, and 
 was in purpose to do tyl he herde other tydynges Tfo y kyng of Portyngale, who knewe 
 of a surty y the duke was at sayiit James, wherof he had grete ioy, thynkyng y by- 
 twene the they sholde make a goodly war into Castel: ihe he wrote letters ryght amy- 
 ably \v grete saluiacyons, and sent the by certayne messagers to y duke and the duches, 
 who receyued y letters ryght ioyously, for y duke knew wel he sholde haue gret nede of 
 y kynge of Pt)rtyngale : for wout hym or his comforte he saw well he sholde make but 
 smal spede in his busynes in Portyngale or in Castel : then y duke gaue to y messagers 
 grete gyftes, and wrote agayne letters w grete salutacyons and amytyes to y kyng of 
 Portyngale, certefyeng hvm in his letters y he desyred gretely to se and speke w hym: 
 thus in the meane season y letters and messagers wente bytwene y kyng of Portyngale 
 and the duke of Lacastre," y tyme passed, and kyng John of Castel fortefyed hym in al y 
 he myght, and sent ofie into frauce letters and messagers, desyryng to haue ayde of me 
 of war to defende and kepe his royalme of Castel: sayng, y in y somer folowyng he 
 thought he sholde haue grete war, bycanse y kynge of Portyngale and the englysshmen 
 were ioyned togyder in alyaunce, wherby they sholde be stronge ynoughe to oner ryn 
 y royalme of castel, wont they were withstaded : y frcsshe kyng and his cousayle wrote 
 agayne to y kynge of Castel, byddyng hym to take no thought nor double, for within y 
 moneth of January he wolde gyue englade so moche a do, y they sholde not know what 
 to do: saynge, y when they had dystroyed al Englande, the in y somer they wolde take 
 y see agayne, and so passe into Galyce and into portyngale, and y if y englysshme there 
 and y portyngales kept y felde, they wolde cause the to flee, so y within a yere they 
 wolde make an ende of al y warres ; so the kyng of castel coteted hymselfe with this 
 aswere, for he saw wel he coulde haue none other as at y tyme ; so there came none out 
 of Frauce to hym but suche as were there before, for al knyghtes and squyers farre and 
 nere wente to Parys and into Pycardy, and so to Lysle, to doway, and to tournay ; y 
 coutrey, iiii. myle of length, was ful of me of warre ; y nombre was so grete, y suche as 
 had y rule of the nauy sayd y they coulde not passe at y fyrst passage but xl. M. me: 
 the it was ordeyned and aduysed, y they sholde suffre no ma passe without he were a 
 propre ma of armes, and y euery tcnyght sholde haue but one varlet, and a baron ii. 
 
 squyers, 
 
 " Ccrunna. 
 
174 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 squyers, and that no horse sholde passe but all onely for y lordes: and to execute this, 
 there were me set at Sluse to se y none other sholde passe; howbeit, there were such a 
 nombre of rascalles in flaudres and theraboute, y they ete vp al in the countrey ; and the 
 pore men of the coutrey payde for all theyr charges, for they durst not speke agaynst 
 the ; they were worse to y countrey the yf englysshmen theyr enemyes had lyen there ; 
 and it was grete doubte y the kynge and the lordes ones passed ouer into Englade, and 
 suche people to abyde behynde, lest they assebled togyder and dystroy al; and surely 
 so they had done, if the iourney had done amysse. Now let vs retourne to the duke of 
 Lancastre. 
 
 Inthe meane season, whyle the duke of Lancastre, the duches, and his chyldren, with 
 his copany, lay at saynt James, knyghtes and squyers of his copany lyued at aduenlure 
 where they might catche it; and on a day syr Thomas Moreaulx, marshal of the oost, 
 and w hym syr Mauburne of luners,' syr Johii dabrychcourte,'' Tyrry and wyllya of 
 Sonnayne,' and a CC. speres and v. C. archers, rode forth into Galyce, and so came to 
 a walled towne, a vii. myles fro saynt James, called Ruelles ; for the vylaynes y dwelte 
 therin wolde not tourne to y duke, but were rebell, and had often tymes ouerthrowen of 
 the dukes foragers as they passed by y barryers of theyr towne, for they had broken so 
 y wayes, y they coulde not repasse none other way but by theyr barryers ; and when 
 they sawe a vantage, they wolde yssue out lyke theues and dystroy foragers or other 
 that passed by; wherof y coplayntes came to the marshal, y he sholde prouyde some 
 remedy acordyiiy; u> his offyce, wherfore he came before this towne of Ruelles ; y watche 
 of y towne had wei blowen theyr comyng, wherby they within closed fast theyr barryers 
 and gates, so y none abode wout, and so moated vpon the walles : the marshal, whe he 
 saw theyr demeanyng, saw well they wolde abyde the saulte ; then he sayd to syr Johii 
 Dabrychcourte'' and to Tyrry of Sonnayne,' syrs, take yojir horses, and ryde aboute the 
 towne, and beholde wel where we may best assayle y towne with leest hurtynge of our 
 men ; so they mounted on theyr horses, and rode aboute the towne ; it was of no grete 
 cyrcute, wherfore they retourned agayne the soner, and had wel aduysed euery place, 
 and so came to the marshal, and sayd, syr, in all this towne there is but ii. gates, y one 
 here before you, and the other ryght ouer agaynst it ; syr, we thynke these ii. places are 
 most easy for vs to gyue ony assaulte, for rounde aboute y towne elles are grete dykes 
 and depe, ryght euyll to go downe, and worse to mounte vp agayne, for hedges and 
 busshes of thorne y growe therin. I byleue it well, sayd the marshal: you, syr Mau- 
 burne, shal haue a certayne copany w you, and go to the other gate, and I shall abyde 
 here, and let vs giue assaulte both at ones ; I wote not what shal come to vs ; but gladly 
 I wolde se yonder vyllaynes y are lenynge on y batylmentes of the walles of theyr towne ; 
 they loke on vs to se what we wyll do ; they are lyke apes etynge of peres, and chyl- 
 dren wolde take it fro them. 
 
 Ofy marshalles wordes his copany laughed and loked vp toy walles to beholde y 
 vyllaynes: the syr Maulburyne wente forth w his peno, and with hym C. speres and 
 HI. c. archers, and wente to y gate and there taryed; so the anone y assaulte bega in ii. 
 partes right sharpe and fyers, and the me within the towne were ouer y gates, and 
 threwe downe dartes so fyersly y it troubled y archers and crosbowes ; but they hurte 
 many of the with theyr shot, bycause there were none at the barriers to defende the, 
 for they were al closed win the towne, and defended theselfe w shot and cast of dartes ; 
 so the englissluiie brake vp y barryers and came to y gate, and bet and rushed so therat, 
 y they made the gate to trymble and shake: when they \vin saw tht;yr gaics lykely to be 
 broke vp, they went downe fro the walles into y strete, and bare g: t te t;. mbre and wood 
 to the gates ; the wome, chyldren, and al maner of people bare stones and fylied empty 
 . , tonnes 
 
 ; Liniers. ^ D'Ambreticourt. ' Soumain. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 175 
 
 tonnes and pypes, and set the agaynst theyr gates, and so set other aboue on the, and 
 fylled the in lykewyse one vpo anotlier; and some were styll ouer the gates, and dyd 
 cast downe grete barres of yron, so y none durst aproche nere \ gate woiit he wolde be 
 slayne: thus the vyiaynes of Ruel kepte theyr towne agaynst y Englysshmen, so y they 
 lost but lytell y day ; and so the Englysslime retourned b:icke a loge niyle of y coutrey 
 to a towne where was no persone abydynge, and there they lodged tyll the nexte morn- 
 yng: y nyght the me of Ruelles counsayled togyder, to know what they sholde do, and 
 how they sholde maynteyne theselfe agaynst y englysshme ; and they sent out theyr 
 spyes to se where y englysshmen were: suche as were sent forllie retourned agayne, and 
 reported surely howe they were lodged at the bace towne of senace,' and y by al symy- 
 lytude they wolde retourne agayne to y assaulte the nexte mornyng: the they sayd 
 among theselfe, foly it was to begyn, and more foly to contynewe; we can haue no 
 blame though we yelde vs to the duke of Lancaslre or to his muishall, for we haue de- 
 fended our towne an hole daye amonge ourselfe, without counsayle or comforte of ony 
 gentyll man or ony man of warre, and at lengthe we can not endure agaynst them. 
 Now, syth they know the waye thyder, and wlut we can do, it were better for vs to 
 yelde then to be ony more assayled ; for if we be take perforce, we shal lese our bodyes 
 and goodes; so they Avere al of this opynyon, y yf tiie Englysshemen retourned y next 
 day, they wolde treate with the, and yelde vp theyr towne, theyr lyues and goodes 
 saued. 
 
 The Englysshmen in the mornynge retourned, anone vpon the sone rysynge, to go to 
 the saulte : when they of y towne sawe y, they sent out iiii. of theyr men lo make theyr 
 treaty; and, as the marshal rode vnder his penon, he saw in the felde these iiii. me, and 
 sayd, yonder I thynke be of the men of Ruelles, comynge to speke with vs ; brynge the 
 hyder : and when they were come before y marshal, they kneled downe, and sayd, syr, 
 the me of y towne of ruelles haue sent vs hider to speke \V you; pleaseth it you to here 
 vs? Yes, sayd the marshal, say what ye wyl. Syr, sayd they, we are redy to put you 
 in possession of y towne of Ruelles, so that yon wyl saue our lyues and goodes, and 
 we wyll accepte my lorde the duke of Lancastre and my lady the duches for our lorde 
 and lady, in lyke maner as they of Coulongne'' and saynt James haue done. Wei, sayd 
 the marshal, I am cotent, and wyl assure yon of your prouysyon, for it behoueth our 
 men to lyue. Syr, sayd they, y is but ryght; there is prouysyon ynough in this cou- 
 trey : syr, pleseth you to tary here a lytell, and Ave shal retourne into the towne, and 
 shewe what you haue sayd ; and, syr, Ave tryst ye Avyll vpholde this couenaunt. Ye, 
 truely, sayd y marshall ; therfore retourne agayne breuely : so they retourned to theyr 
 towne. and shewed howe they had spoken with y dukes marshal, and how they had 
 made with hyni suche a treaty, y they sholde be in saufegarde of theyr bodyes and 
 goodes, excepte vytayles: then they of the towne sayd, god graunt it so to be; the 
 they dyd rydde theyr gates of the tonnes with stones and tymbre y they had set there, 
 and opened the gate Avyde, and so came to the barryers with the keyes in their hades, 
 «ayng, syr, we know wel ye be hider sent fro my lorde the duke of Lancastre and fro my 
 lady his wyfe; syr, we rendre to yon the keyes of this towne, and put you in possyssyo 
 therof on suche codycyons as our men haue made reporte to vs. On the same condy- 
 cyon, sayd the marshal, I receyue it: so he entred into the towne, and he and all his 
 men lodged here and there at theyr pleasure, and there taryed al a day ; and or he de- 
 parted, he sayd to syr maulburyn, syr, I delyuer you this towne for you and your 
 copaiiy ; ye shal haue here a fayre garyson. Syr, sayd he, y is true ; and I take it \v a 
 good Avyll, for the garyson pleaseth me well. Then syr Maulburyn of Luners" abode 
 in the garyson of Rujiles in Galyce, and had vnder hym a Ix. speres and a C. arc]iers ; 
 and syr Tliomas moreaulx retourned to y duke and to the duches to saynt James. 
 
 Hotye 
 ' Lyrias. — Johnes. ^ Coruniia. *: Liniers. 
 
176 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 Howe the duke of Lancaslers viarshall and his men assayled the towne of Vyedope^ 
 in Galyce, whiche yelded by coposycyon ; and of the ambassadours that the duke 
 sente to the kynge of Portyngale. 
 
 CAP. LI. 
 
 ANONE after y the marshal was retourned fro the towne of Ruelles, on a daye he 
 rode forthe agayne with a iii. C. speres, and a vi. C. archers, and so rode a loge dayes 
 iourney and came to a towne called Vyleclope^ whiche was kepte but by siiche villaynes 
 as dwelte in it ; the y marshal caused y towne to be auewed, to se if it were pregnable or 
 not ; and whe they had wel aduysed it, they sayd it myght be wel won by assaulte ; the 
 they lyghted on fote, and set theyr horses backe by theyr varieties, and deuyded 
 themselfe in iiii. partes, and made themselfe redy lyke men of warre ; syr Thomas 
 Moreaulx had the guydynge of one company ; the seconde had syr yon Fythwaren ; 
 the thyrde syr Johii Dambrychcourte -^ and the fourthe had another knyght : and euery 
 partye had fourescore men of armes, and a vii. score archers. Then they approched to 
 the towne, and wente downe into the dykes, for therin was no water, and then mounted 
 vp agayne on the other syde well pauessed, and the archers stode on y syde of the dyke, 
 and shot so fyersly that none durst appere at theyr defence ; howbeit, for all theyr 
 shot, they within defended themselfe valyauntly, for they were a grete nombre within : 
 they cast out dailes w longe fethers and sharpe heddes, so rudely y who so euer was 
 fully stryken vV the, without they were well armed, they were outlier slayne or sore 
 hurte ; howbeit, knyghtes and squyres to auaunce theselfe came to y fote of y walles, 
 for al y stones y fel on theyr basenettes, and on theyr bodyes ; and the ii. squyers of 
 Haynalte, Tyrrye, and Gyllya of Somayne,"" dyd dyuers goodly fetes of armes, and 
 made a grete hole thrughe the Avail with suche helpe as they hadde, and fought sore 
 hande to hande with them within, and these ii. bretherne wan a vii. dartes that were cast 
 at them thrughe y hole: they pulled them out of theyr enemyes handes: these ii. bro- 
 therne were vnder y standarde off lorde Fythwaren. On y other parte, syr Johii Dam- 
 brychcourte'' shewed vaiyauntnes lyke a noble knyght, and he had at the foote of the 
 walle his penon pytched in the erthe by hym, and he had a pykeaxe in his hande, and 
 myned therwith to the best of his power to breke the wall ; it ought to be meruayled howe 
 these vylaynes were not abasshed to se themselfe soo assayled on al partes ; howbeit, 
 they coulde not so longe endure, but that they had many handes to defende themselfe 
 withal : but at the last they aduysed them, (when they sawe that the assaulte seased not,) 
 to yelde themselfe. Then y baylyfFe of the towne who had caused them so longe to 
 contynue, came and sayd to the marshal!, syr, cause your assaulte to sense, for y men 
 of this towne wyll treate with you : well, sayd the marshall, I am contente. Then he 
 caused an heraulde to ryde aboute 5' towne, who sayd to euery man, syrs, sease your 
 assaulte tyl ye here the marshalles trompet blowe agayne to y assaulte, for he is in treaty 
 with them of y towne ; and with those wordes they seased and rested them, and some 
 of them had nede therof, for they were very wery with assaylynge. Then they of the 
 towne entred into theyr treaty, and sayd, howe they wolde yelde themselfe, lyues and 
 goodes saued, as they of other townes had done in Galyce. Naye, sayd the marshall, 
 ye shall not scape so good chepe as other haue done, for ye haue put vs in nioche p^yne, 
 and hurte dyuers of our men, and we se clerely that ye can not longe endure agaynst vs; 
 wherfore it must behoue you to bye your pease and our loue, or elles we Avyll retourne 
 
 agayne 
 
 ^ Villeclope. * D'Ambreticourt. ' Soumain. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 177 
 
 agayne to the assaulte, and wynne you perforce. Why syr, sayd f baylyffe, what raun- 
 some wyl ye aske of vs ? In godcles name, sayd the marshall, x. M. frankes. Ye aske to 
 grete a some syr, sayd y baylyffe: I shal, yf it please you, cause you to haue ii. M. 
 frankes, for, syr, this towne is hut poore, and hathe ben sore charged with taxes. Nay, 
 sayd y marshal, we wyl not of y, we wyl gyue you respyte to take cousayle togyder, for 
 as for iii. or iiii. M. frankes ye shall nor scape, for al is ours yf we lyst, and also I am 
 blamed of my company to make ony treaty with you ; therfore shortely determyne you, 
 cuther to do it or to leue it. Then the baylyffe wente into the towne, and called euery 
 man before hym, and sayd, Syrs, what wyll ye do ^^ if we suffre ony mo assautes, the 
 Englyssehmen wyll conquere vs perforce, so we shall all dye and lese al our goodes ; 
 they demaunded of vs x. M. frankes, and I haue offred them ii. M. I knowe well it is 
 ouer lytell, for they wyl neuer agree therto, therfore we must exalte y raunsome a ii. 
 or iii. M. frankes more. Then they of y towne, who doubted to lose all y they had, 
 and theyr lyues also, sayd, baylyffe, forsake not to marchaundyse with them, for ra- 
 ther then we wyl be ony more assayled, we wyl pay iiii. M. frankes : than sayd the bay- 
 lyffe, y is well sayd, yet I wyll treate with them. Then he came agayne to the marshall, 
 and as I vnderstande theyr pease was made by paynge of vi. M. frankes. Then the gates 
 were set open, and euery man entred, and were lodged where they lyst, and taryed 
 there ii.dayes; and the marshall delyuered the towne to yon Fythwaren, with CC. 
 ^peres, and CCCC archers ; and there he lay in garyson more then viii. monethes; 
 but the raunsome of the towne wente to the duke of Lancasters profyte; and the marshall 
 had a M. frankes. 
 
 And after that the towne of Vyleclope was yelden vp to the dukes marshall, then he 
 retourned to saynt James to the duke, for the duke wolde liaue hym aboute hym, and 
 sometyme he rode to the fix)nters of Castell, and Spayne, to gyue fere to the frensshe- 
 men : but as longe as the Englysshemen kepte the felde in Galyce, there were none that 
 came agaynst them, for the kynge of Castell was covmsayled not to ryde forth w ony 
 oost, but to kepe warre by garysons, and to abyde for socours out of Fraunce. Then y 
 duke of Lancastre was cousayled, and it was sayd to hym, how y it were good that he 
 and the kynge of Portyngale myght speke togyder ; sayenge also, syr, the wrytynge 
 that rynneth thus bytwene you is good, but that is not ynoughe, for the frensshemen be 
 subtyle, and se ferther in theyr busynes the ony other people, yf couertly they happen 
 to make a treaty with the kynge of Portyngale ; and also, the kynge of Castell hathe 
 aboute hym and of his cousayle dyuers lordes in Portyngale, as we be infourmed, and 
 so peraduenture by theyr meanes they myght make a pease by mariage or otherwyse, so 
 y then by hym ye sholde haue noo comforte ; what sholde fall then ? ye sholde be then 
 in worse case then euer ye were, for the the Castellyans wolde set lytell by vs ; the Cas- 
 tellyans are the moost subtylest people of the worlde: trowe you y the kynge of Portyn- 
 gale wolde not be contenie to be at rest of this busynes, yf the kynge ol Castell wolde 
 suffre hym to be kynge of Portyngale all his lyfe, and after hym y kyng of castel; syr, 
 it is to be doubted thoughe he haue sente for yon, and so or ye coulde tourne backe 
 agayne we myght be ouerthrowen ; and also, syr, ye know the state of Englande, whiche 
 hath as nowe ynoughe to doo to kepe theselfe agaynst theyr enemyes as wel frensshe- 
 men as Skottes : therfore make as good warr as ye ca with suche people as ye haue, for 
 trust not of no comforte nor ayde out of Englande, outher of men of armes or archers, 
 for surely ye are not lyke to haue ony, ye were two yeres aboute, to gete that ye haue ; 
 the kynge your nephewe seeth not all thynges, he is yonge and byleueth yong coun- 
 sayle, wherby the royalme of Englande lyeth, and is in peryll and grete aduenture: 
 wherfore, syr, approche as soone as ye can to the kynge of Portyngale, and speke with 
 hym, your worde shall do you more profyte then all the letters ye can wryte in iiii. 
 
 Vol. II. 2 A monethes. 
 
17JI THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 monethes. The duke of Lancustre noted well these wordes, and knew wel y it was true, 
 and that it was truely counsayled; then the dukesayd to them that gaue hym that coun- 
 sayle, what wyllyou that Isholdedo ? they answered and sayd, syr, sendeto the kynge 
 of Portyngale v. or vi. of your knyghtes, and at the leest a baion, and let them shewe 
 the kynge howe ye haue grete desyre to se hym ; let them be wyse y ye sende, and let 
 the fynde the raeanes that ye maye speke togyder shortly : I am content, sayd y duke. 
 Then there was sente into Portyngale fro the duke, y lorde Foynynges, a grete baron of 
 Englande, and syr John Abruell," syr Johfi Dambrychcourte,'' and syr John Souster,' 
 bastarde bretheren to syr John Holande constable of the oost ; these departed fro saynt 
 James with a C. speres, and CC. archers. 
 
 And on a day, when al these letters were made and sealed, there came to the duke 
 fro the kynge of Portyngale, a knyght and a squyer, with xii. speres, called syr Vase 
 Martyne of Cougne,'' and the squyer Ferrant Martyne of Merle: they were of the kynges 
 hous, and nere to his persone, they were lodged at theyr ease in the lowne of saynt 
 James; then they were brought to the duke and to the duches, and so presented theyr 
 letters, and also they presented to the duke and to the duches and to theyr doughters, 
 fayre whyte mules, well aumblynge, wherof they were glad ; howbeit, for all that the 
 iourney of the englysshmen to the kynge of Portyngale was not broke, but they were 
 stopped for a iiii. dayes, and on the v. daye departed, and this knyght and squyer all 
 togyder in company ; and the duke sente to the kynge of Portyngale in token of loue 
 ii.fawcons pelegrynes, as good as coulde be deuysed, and vi. englysshe greyhoundes 
 good for all maner of beestes ; so the Portyngales and the Englysshmen rode togyder 
 ouer al the lande of Galyce, they were in no fere of ^ Castellyans, for they were ferre 
 ynoughe of fro them : and on the waye as they rode, syr John Dambrychcourte,'' and 
 Martyn Ferrant, of Merle, fell in taikynge togyder, for before that season the squyer 
 had ben in armes with syr Eustase Dambrychcourte,'' who was vncle to the sayd syr John, 
 and was with hym when he dyed at Q^uarentyne :' and as they talked togyder they rode 
 behynde theyr company, they met an heraulde and a varlet comyng fro Connymbres,' 
 where the kynge laye, and was rydynge towarde saynt James, to the dukeof Lancastre ; 
 this heraulte perteyned to y kynge of Portyngale, and was called Connymbres.' The 
 heraulte had spoken with the lordes and shewed them suche tydynges as he knewe, and 
 when Ferrant Martyn, of Merle, saw hym comynge, he sayd to syr John Dambrych- 
 courte,'' beholde yonder cometh an heraulte of y kynge of Portyngales, it is longe syth 
 he was in this countrey, I wyl demaunde of hym some tydynges ; and when they met 
 togyder, y squyer sayd, a Connymbres,' where haue you ben so longe, it is more then 
 a yere syth 1 saw you, or that ye were in this countrey : syr, sayd he, I haue ben in 
 Englande, and haue sene the kynge and lordes there, and they haue made me ryche 
 with grete gyftes that I haue had of them, and fro thens I retourned by f see into Bre- 
 tayne, and was at y maryage of the duke of Bretayne, and at the grete feest that he kepte 
 at the cyte of Nauntes aboute a ii. monethes past: he hath wedded y lady Jahan of 
 Nauare; and fro thens by the see I went into Irelande, and fro thens to the porte in 
 Portyngale :^ and as they talked togyder, the squyer behelde a schochyn that y heraulte 
 bare on his brest, wherin were graued and mamyled y kynge of Portyngales armes, and 
 y armes of dyuers other lordes ; then the squyer set his fynger on one of the armes per- 
 teynynge to a knyght of Portyngale, and sayd, a, se here y armes of the gentyll knyght 
 syr Johii Porlelete : by my fayth I am glad to se them for they perteyne to a gentyll 
 knyght, who on a tyme dyd me grete profyte: I ought well to remembre it; and ther- 
 
 with 
 
 * In Johnes's translation called B««ce/, or Bumel. ^ D'Ambreticourt. ' "Sounder, 
 
 a bastard brother." *" Vasco Martin d'Acunha. ' Carentan. ' Coimbra. 
 
 ' Oporto. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 1?9 
 
 with he toke iiii. floreyns of golde out of his purse, and jraue them to the heraulte, who 
 thanked hyra: and syr John Dambrychcourte' behelde well the armes, the felde syl- 
 uer, an endenture gooles, witli ii. chanders'' sables : and so the heraulte departed. Then 
 the squyer sayd, syr John, saw you neuer this knyghl that bare ^ sayd armes, whom 1 
 prayse so moche ; I can not tell, sayd syr John, but at the leest I praye you shewe me 
 what was y courtesy that ones he dyd to you, I woide be glad to here it, we bane no- 
 thynge ellesto talke of; I am contented, sayd the squyer to shewe you, for the knyght 
 is well worthy to be spoken of, then he began his tale thus : 
 
 So it fortuned a lytell before the batayle of Juberoth,' when the kynge of Portyngale 
 wente fro Connymbres" thyderwarde, y kynge sente me into the countrey to warne cer- 
 tayne knyghtes to come to hym to be with hym at that iourney ; so I rode forth, and 
 but one page with me ; and as I rode I happened to mete a xxv. speres gascoynes, and 
 I was not ware tyl I was amonge them ; then they toke me and demaunded Avhether I 
 wente, and I shewed the I was rydynge to the caslell of Route ; and they demaunded 
 what to do ? and I sayd to go seke syr John Ferrant Partelere," to come to y kyng of 
 Portyngale to Juberoth/ Why, sayd they, is syr John Ferrant Parteler' capytayne of 
 the castel of Route, is he not all redy with y kyng of Portyngale? no, surely syrs, sayd 
 I, but shortely he wyll be there, vf he ones knowe the kynges pleasure: well, sayd 
 they, he shall knowe it, for we wyll ryde thyder. So they toke the waye to y castell of 
 Ronte, and when they were within the syght of the castell, the watche of the castell 
 sayd he saw men of armes approchyng towarde the castell ; then syr John Ferrant"^ de- 
 maunded fro what parte they were comynge : y watche sayd they were comyng towarde 
 the porte. A, sayd he, they be then Castellyans, and rydeth at aduenture towarde 
 saynt Irayne,' I wyl go and loke on them, they shall tell me tydynges where the kynge 
 is : so he lepte on his horse, and a xx. with hym, and toke his penon before hym, and 
 rode out of the castell a grete galop to come to y Castellyans, who as then were drawen 
 into a busshment, and had made one of theyr company to ryde fortlie on a genet ; and 
 when syr Johii Ferrant' saw the geneture, he sayd to a squyer of his, galop forth thy 
 genet, and assaye to speke with yonder geneture : then the squyer galopped forth, and 
 folowed hym nere euer lykely to take hym, for he fled but softely before hym to y 
 entente to brynge hym into y busshment, and when he was nere them the busshment 
 brake out at hym, and then he tourned quyckely his backe, and they that chased hym 
 cryed Castell: and syr John Ferrant' beynge vnder his penon, seynge his squyer re- 
 tourned in suche hast, sayd, they that chase my squyer be none of our company, they 
 be castellyans ; set on them, crye Portyngale, for I wyll fyght with them ; then he toke 
 his spere and ranne at them ; the fyrst That he met withall wente to the erthe, and the 
 seconde also ; of xxv. Castellyans y were there, x. of them lay shortely on the grounde, 
 and the other chased, and some were ouertaken and slayne and hurte, and all this I was 
 glad to se, for I saw my delyueraunce, and in a shorte season I was lefte all alone ; then 
 i came to y knyght and saluted hym ; and as soone as he saw me he knewe me, and de- 
 maunded of nie fro whens I came, and what I dyd there ? then I shewed hym all myne 
 aduenture, and how the Castellyans chased me and toke me: well, sayd he, and what 
 knowe you of the kynge of Portyngale ? by my fayth syr, sayd I, to moro^ye he shall 
 haue batayle at Juberoth' agaynst the kynge of Castel, for he sente me into this countrey 
 to gyue warnynge therof to y knyghtes and squyers that knoweth it not, to the entente 
 that they sholde resorte to hym : to morow ? sayd he : ye truely, syr, sayd I, and yf 
 ye byleue not me, demaunde of these Castellyans that ye haue taken. Then he de- 
 maunded of them tydynges ; they sayd howe surely the nexte day there sholde be batayle 
 
 2 A 2 bytwene 
 
 » D'Ambreticourt. " Chaudieres. ' Aljubarota. " Coimbrs. 
 
 ' Fwrnando Portekt. * Santarem. 
 
180 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 bytwene the ii. kynges; of whiche tydynges he was ryght glad, and sayd openly to the 
 
 Castellyans, syrs, lor tiie good tydynges y ye shewe me, I quyte you of your raun- 
 
 somes, departe when ye wyl, so ye acquyte this squyer : so thus he caused me to be 
 
 quyted Iro them, and so they departed, and we y same day retourned to Ronle ; then 
 
 he made hyra redy and departed thens at mydnyght, and I in his company ; and fro 
 
 thens to tlie Cabase of Juberoth,' whiche was a vi. myles of y countrey ; and to eschewe 
 
 encountrynges we rode somwhat out of our waye, and in the mornynge we herde that 
 
 there sholde be batayle the same daye or we sawe the batayles: and when we approched 
 
 the batayles were raynged in the feldes, the kynge of Castell on y one partye, and the 
 
 kynge of Portyngale on y other, and at the fyrst we knewe not whiche were Castellyans 
 
 and whiche were Portyngales, tyll at the last syr Johh Ferrant Partelere" sayd, I by- 
 
 leue surely the gretter oost be the Castellyans ; then we rode forth fayre and easely tyl 
 
 we came nere, and then we sawe well it was the Castell vans, and I trowe some of the 
 
 gascoynes brake out agaynst vs ; then syr John Ferrant" sayd, let vs auaunce forthe, we 
 
 se yonder our enemyes comyng on vs ; the we strake our horses with y spurres, and 
 
 rode cryenge Portyngale, and they folowed vs ; then when our company of portyngules 
 
 sawe vs, they came forth and rescued vs, and for al that the batayles brake not theyr 
 
 aray, and so syr John Ferrant'' came to \f kynge and acquyted hym that day with y best. 
 
 i bus syr I haue shewed you howe he dyd me grete courtesye, for he delyuered me out 
 
 of pryson, and I had not ben at y batayle, and lie had not ben ; therfore syr, dyd he not 
 
 me a goodly pleasure? yes truely, sayd syr Johfi Dambrychcourte,' and also by you he 
 
 knew of the batayle : y is true, sayd the squyer ; and then they rode forth tyll they had 
 
 ouertaken theyr company, and came the same day to Connymbres.'^ 
 
 And ofthecomyngeof these Englysshe knyghtes y kynue of Portyngale was ryght 
 loyfuJl, and comaunded that they sholde be well lodged at theyr ease : and when they 
 were redy, then Martyn of Coygne,^ and Ferrant Martyn Merle, and the englysshe 
 knyghtes, wente to the kynge, who receyued them ioyously ; the the Englysshmen dyd 
 theyr message, and presented the kynge with the Fawcons and grevhoiides, of the 
 wluche the kynge had grete ioy, for he loued houndes and hawkes ;"then they thanked 
 the^ kynge on the dukes parte for the goodly mules that he had sente to the duke, and 
 toy duches ; then he sayd that was but a small present, another tyme I wyll sende them 
 gretter gyftes ; this was but for aquayntaunce of loue, as lordes ought to do one to 
 another, to nourysshe loue and amyte : then wyne and spyces were brought, and the 
 knyghtes of Englande dranke, and so toke theyr leue for that tyme, and Retourned to 
 uieyr lodgynges to souper ; y nexte day they dyned at the kynges palace, and y lorde 
 Poynynges, and syr Johii Bancell,' sate at y kynges table, and syr John Dambrychcourt,' 
 and syr John Soultyer,*^ sate at another table with y barons of that countrey, suche as 
 were there ; and there was Laurence Fongase, a squyer of honoure of the kynges, who 
 knewe ryght well all the knyghtes and squyers of Englande, for he had sene them in 
 Englande ; he made them y best chere he coulde, they were well serued at this dyner, 
 and after dyner they were brought into the counsayle chambre. Then y englysshe 
 knyghtes began to speke to y kynge, and to ii. erles that were there present, y erle of 
 Angose,'' and the erle of Nauare,' and sayd, syr, and it lyke your grace besyde all y 
 recommendacyons that the duke of Lancastre hath sente vnto you, he gaue vs in charge 
 to say to you that he desyreth sore to se you : then the kynge sayd, and I as glad to se 
 hym, and I requyre you that shortely we may se and speke togyder : syr, sayd the erles, 
 It were good that it were so, for tyll ye be togyder, ye shal not loue parfytely, and then 
 
 y« 
 
 ' ^'j"*'^''"'*- ' Fernando Portelet. ^ D'Ambreticourt. ' Coimbia. 
 
 ' Martin d' Acunha. ' Before called Abruell. « Sounder. " Count d'Acunha.— Jo/mti, 
 
 ' Novaire. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 18 1 
 
 ye may take aduyse togyder howe ye may maynteyne your wanes agaynst y kynge of 
 Castel. Syr, this is true, sayd the knyghles of Englaiide: then sayd tlie kynge, let it be 
 done shortely, for if the duke dcsyre to se me, in lykewyse I desyre to se hym. So 
 then they fell in other talkynge, for then y kyng charged his counsayle to agre, and 
 assy2,ne a certayne daye when They sliolde mete togyder, and to assure the englysshe 
 kny^htes therof; and so they dyd ; and it was agreed that the kynge of Portyngale 
 sholde come to a cyte in his countrey, called the Porle," and tiiat the duke of Lancastre 
 sholde ryde alonge by y frontere of Galyce, and so there at the partyng of bothe 
 royalmes to mete and speke togyder; and so on that conclusyon the messagers de- 
 parted and retourned towarde Galyce, and rode as they came tyll they came to saynt 
 James, and there shewed to the duke and the duches howe they had sped ; of whiche 
 tydynges f duke was ioyfuU, and so he had cause, for his busynes began then to 
 approche. 
 
 And when y season came y the duke of Lancastre sholde departe fro saynt James, he 
 lefte there styll his marshall and al his company, excepte iii. C. speres, and vi.C. 
 archers, and syr Johri Holande, who had wedded his eldest doughter, with hym, and 
 many other knyolites and squyers ; and the duke rode the fronters of Galyce, and ap- 
 proched nere to Portyngale : and the kynge, who laye at the Porte,' knewe well of his 
 comynge, and so departed with vi. hundreth speres and came to the fronters of Por- 
 tyngale, and lodged at a towne called Mouson, the last towne of Portyngale on that 
 syde, and the duke of Lancastre came to another towne, the fyrst towne of Galyce, 
 ioynyng to Portyngale, called Margasse: and bytwene Mouson and Margasse there was 
 a ryuer and fayre medowes, and a grete playne, and a brydge called the mor brydge ;'' 
 and on a thursday in the mornynge the kyng of Portyngale, and yduke of Lancastre, 
 with all theyr companyes met togyder ; there was a goodly and a louyng metynge, and 
 there were lodgvnges made in the feldes of the kynges syde, and thyder went the duke 
 of Lancastre to dyner, whiche dyner was well ordred : and there sate at y kynges table 
 y byssliop of Connymbres,' y bysshop of Porte,' the archebysshop of Bargus** in Por- 
 tyngale, and the duke of Lancastre ; and a lytell byneth sate syr John of Holande, and 
 syr Henry Beamonde of Englande, and there were plentye of mynstrellcs, and so were 
 in sporte tyll it was nyght: that daye the kynge of Portyngale was apparelled all in 
 whyte, with a reed crosse of saynt George, for that is the habyte of y house called 
 Mouson, otherwyse called Denyce* in Portyngale, of the whiche ordre the kynge was ; 
 and or he was crowned was called mayster iherof, but euer after he bare styll that de- 
 uyse in the honoure of god and saynt George, and all his men were arayed in whyte and 
 reed : then whe it began to be late they retourned to theyr lodgynges tyll the nexte 
 daye. The kynge wente to Mouson, and the duke to Margasse, and bytwene bothe 
 there was no more but y medowe and the ryuer to passe : then on the fryday whe they 
 had herde masse they toke theyr horses, and so rode agayne to mor brydge,'' and there 
 they met agayne, there they had goodly lodgynge made; the kyng and the duke had 
 theyr chambres hanged with tapyceryes and curteynes as well as and the kynge had ben 
 at Lysbone, and y duke at London ; and before dyner they counsayled togyder on the 
 Btate of theyr busynes, and howe they sholde maynteyne theyr war, and when they 
 sholde set forth : then it was determyned that all the wynter y kynge sholde tary in his 
 owne countrey, and the duke at saynt James, and to let theyr marshal dele; and in 
 marche the kyng, and the duke, and theyr men, to assemble togyder, and to go and 
 fyght with the kyng of Castel where soeuer he sholde be as the, for they sayd they 
 sholde be Englysshe and Portyngales togyder a xxx. thousande ; and when al this was 
 
 concluded, 
 
 ' Oporto. '■ Pont de more. ' Coimbra. ^ * Braganga' 
 
 ' Avis. — The cross of Avis was gree«. — Ashmole's History of the Garter, p. 70. 
 
18« THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 concluded, then the kynges counsayle comoned amonge themselfe for a maryaaie for 
 theyr kynge, for it was tyme, and the royalme wolde that he were maryed to his honoure 
 and profyte, and for to haue good alyaunces in tyme to come; and they sayd they knewe 
 not as then where he sholde mary more to his profyte, nor to the welthe of his comons 
 then in the house of Lancastre, and this they shewed to y duke: and when he sawe the 
 kynges entencyon, and howe that he was in the kynges daunger, seynge he was come 
 out of Englande into the fronters of Portyngale to demaunde his herytage of Castell, 
 then he answered smylynge, and sayd to the kynge, who was there presente, syr, I 
 haue in the towne of saynt James two doughters: I wyll gyue you one of them whome it 
 pleaseth you to chose ; Syr, sende thyder your counsayle, and I shal sende her to you. 
 Syr, sayd the kynge, I thanke you, ye offre me more then I desyre ; as for my cosyn 
 Katheryne I wyll leue her styll with you, but as for Phylyp your doughter, her I de- 
 maunde and wyl wedde her, and make her queue of Portyngale. And so brake vp theyr 
 counsayle and wente to dyner, and sate as they dyd the daye before : they were serued 
 notably accordynge to the vsage of y countrey, and after dyner the duke retourned to 
 Margasse, and the kynge to Mouson. 
 
 The saterday after masse they met agayne at the sayd place, and that daye the duke 
 of Lancastre made the dyner for y kynge of Portyngale and his company, and there were 
 chambres and halles hanged with arras and enbrovvdery, as rychely as thoughe they 
 had ben at London, and the Portyngales praysed moche the Englysshe maner: and at 
 that dyner there were thre archebysshoppes, and vii. bysshoppes syttynge at the hyghe 
 table ; the bysshop of Lysbone, the bysshop of Porte," and the bysshop of Connymbres,'* 
 the archebysshop of Bargus," and other ; and the kynge sate in y myddes of the table, 
 and the duke a lytell bynethe hym, and bynethe the duke y erle of Nauare,"* and the 
 erle of Angosse;' and at another table sate fyrst the mayster Denyce,' then the grete 
 mayster of saynt James in Portyngale, and the pryour of saynt Johns, then Don galopes 
 percler,*^ and John Ferrant'' his sone, the ponnayse of Congne, and Vas Martyn of 
 Congne,' y Podych of Senede, Vas Martyn of merle, al barons ; the abbot of the cabase 
 of Juberoth,'' y abbot of saynt mary of Eure,' syr Alue Perere" marshall of Portyngale, 
 Johii Radygos desar, and dyuers other knyghtes and squyers of Portyngale: for there 
 sate that daye no Englysshmen, for all knyghtes and squyers of Englande serued, and 
 there were many mynstrelles, and the duke gaue them a C. nobles, and the herauldes 
 as moche: after dyner when all thynges was accomplysshed they toke leue amyably eche 
 of other tyll another season ; the kynge retourned to Porte,^ and 5' duke to Margasse, 
 and toke his way into Galyce, and the erle of Nauare"* conueyed the duke with a C. 
 speres tyll he was out of all daunger, and then y erle toke his leue and retourned into 
 Portyngale, and the duke rode to saynt James in Galyce. 
 
 Moche desyred the duches of Lancastre the retourne of f duke her husbande, and to 
 here tydynges what conclusyons were take : and so the duke was well welcomed home, 
 as it was reason, and the duches demaunded of hym howe he lyked the kynge of Por- 
 tyngale ? By my fayth, sayd y duke he is a gracyous man, and is of body and maners 
 lyke to be a valyaunt man, and I thynke he shall reygne in grete puyssaunce, for he is 
 well byloued of his me ; they say they had no kynge this C. yere that so wel pleased 
 them as he, and he is of age not past a xxxvi." yere : he is a stronge knyght and a hardy 
 accordynge to the nature of Portyngale, and he is well made of body to endure grete 
 payne. Ye, but syr, sayd y lady, what sayth he to ony maryage? I haue agreed to hym, 
 
 sayd 
 
 • Oporto. •" Coimbra. ' Braganza. ' Novaire. * Count d'Acunha. 
 
 ' Master of Avis. « Portelet. ' Fernando. ' Alvarez and Vasco d'Acunha. — Johnest 
 
 ! Aljubarota. .' Estremadura. — Johnea. ^ Alvarez or Allen Pereira. !; xxvi. 
 
 =« 
 
 # 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 83 
 
 sayd the duke, that he shall haue one of my doughters ; I dyd put hym to the choyse 
 outher of Katheryne or Phylyp ; wherof he gaue me grete thake ; howbeit, he rested on 
 Phylyp. He hath good reason, sayd y duches, for my doughter Katheryne is yet to 
 yonge for hym. Thus the duke and the duches passed that daye, and so y tyme passed, 
 for wynter approched ; howbeit, in y countreys of Galyce and Portyngale there is but 
 lytell wynter, for it is alwayes bote, and graynes and fruytes groweth there quyckeiy ; 
 for there be dyuers fruytes ry|)e in marche ; benes, peson, and cheryes, and al fresshe 
 erbes groweth in February ; and in some place they make wyne by mydsoner, and by y 
 tyme haruest is past. 
 
 And thoughe y the duke and y duches taryed in the towne of saynt James and laye 
 styll, yet his men styred abrode, and conquered in the countrey of Galyce townes and 
 castelles ; and howe they were wonne I shal shevve you y trouthe and the names of the, 
 for I was iustely therof infourmed, both by knyghtes and squyers as wel of englande as 
 of Portyngale, suciie as had ben present at all theyr conquestes, and specyally by y 
 gentyl knyght of Portyngale, of who I haue spoken here before, who ryglit amyably at 
 Myddelbourge in zelande, as he came fro his voyage out of Pruce,° enfourmed me ; I 
 haue here before named the knyght, and yet agayne I name hym ; his name was syr 
 John Ferrant Partelere ;'' so it was syr Thomas Moreaulx, marshall of the duke of Lan- 
 castres oost, when the duke was retourned fro the fronters of Portyngale, and was 
 come agayne to the towne of saynt James, he sayd he -wolde not sytte styll syth he was 
 in the countrey of Conquest:* but sayd he wolde ryde forlhe and set his company aworke, 
 whiche they sore desyred, and so made his assemble, and sayd he wolde entre further 
 into Galyce, to brynge the townes and castelles vnder the dukes obeysaunce ; and soo 
 on a day he departed lio saynt James, with a vi. C. speres and xii. C. archers, and toke 
 the way to a good towne in Galyce, called Poceueyed,'' whiche was rebell agaynst them: 
 they of the towne hadknowledgeof y englysshmennescomyng, for all the comon people 
 fled out of theyr countrey into the good townes. So they toke cousayle what they sholde 
 doo, outher yelde or holde as longe as they coulde endure; so they were not all of one 
 accorde ; the comen people wolde haue yelded, but the baylyffe, who was set there by 
 the kyng of Castel, and the ryche men wolde not yelde so sone, for they sayd they 
 sholde nother haue honoure nor profyte in theyr so doynge : so they were in cousayl- 
 ynge togyder whe y watche of y towne sowned and gaue knowledge of y englysshmens 
 approchyng; the they brake vp theyr counsayle, and euery man went to his defence, 
 and ran to y walles, and bare banes, stones, dartes, Jauelyns, and shewed well howe they 
 wolde defende themselfe and not yelde so lyghtly. 
 
 When the dukes marshall and his company were come before the towne of Ponce- 
 uayde,** they lyghted on fote, and delyuered theyr horses to theyr varieties, and then 
 deuyded theyr companyes to gyue assaulte, and the archers araynged theselfe aboute 
 the towne w theyr bowes redy to shote, and men of armes, well pauessed and armed, 
 entrynge into y dykes; then the marshalles trompettes sowned to the sawte, and the 
 men of armes then clame vp the dykes, with pykeaxes and mattockes to wynne the 
 walles ; and the men of the towne win cast downe stones and other thynges y troubled 
 the mynours sore, and had done more and the archers had not ben : but they shot so 
 hooly togyder, that none durst appere on the walles ; and they dyd hurte many of them 
 within, and specyally the baylyffe of the towne was stryke with an arowe that persed 
 his basenet and entred into his heed, so y he was fayne to be borne out of the place to his 
 lodgynge ; yety^ euyll people of y towne wolde not yelde, for all that the baylyffe was 
 sore hurte, but were y rather more angry and more redy to defende them : thus the 
 
 saulte 
 
 ' Prussia. ^ Fernando Portelet, "^ Meaning — an enemy's countiy. ^ Pontevedra. 
 
184 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 saulte endured tyl it was ny2;ht, then they sowned theyr retrayte ; there were men hurte 
 on bothe partyes; the englysshmen retourned fro the saulte and wente to theyr lodg- 
 ynges, and were of entencyon y nexte mornynge to retourne to the saulte, and not to 
 leue tyll they had gotten it: the same nyght they of Ponce voyde' toke counsayle togy- 
 der, and sayd amonge themselfe, we are but folysshe people thus to be hurte and trou- 
 bled for nothynge ; why do we not as Vylopes'' and they of Coulongne'' hath done ? 
 they are yelded to the duke of Lancastre, and to my lady Costaunce, doughter to kynge 
 Don Peter; let vs yelde iyke as other good townes haue done, whcrin they were wyse, 
 for therby they sate in rest: well, sayd other, let vs do in lykewyse ; but our baylyffe 
 hath counsayled vs the contrary ; therfore he hath his payment, for he is lykely to dye : 
 then some of them sayd, yet let vs go to hym, and here what he wyll say, for certaynly 
 to morowe the englysshmen wyl retourne; they wyl not let vs be in peas, they wyl 
 outher haue vs perforce or by loue. 
 
 To that counsayle they all agreed, and a xii.of the best of the towne wente to the 
 baylyfFes lodgynge, whose name was Dyontable of Lyon, and there they founde hym on 
 his bed, newely dressed of his wounde ; and so he made to them that came to hym sem- 
 blaut of good chere, whatsoeuer he felte, and demaunded the of the assaulte, and how 
 they perceyuered therin : then they answered and sayd, how they dyd well, thanked be 
 god ; for, excepte your hurte, we haue taken but small domage ; but to morowe lyeth 
 our doubte, for we are sure to haue a new assaulte, and we be no me of defence ; we are 
 but syraple people, and wote not what it meaneth ; therfore we are come to haue your 
 counsayle what is best for vs to do; y Englysshmen sore threteneth vs, that yf we be 
 taken perforce, we shall be put to the sworde, and lese lyues and all y we haue. In 
 the name of god, sayd the baylyffe, ye can haue noo blame thoughe ye yelde ; but 
 make a wyse treaty, y they be no rulers in your towne ; ye may saye, that ye wyll glad- 
 ly be vnder the obeysaunce of the duke of Lancastre and of the duches, in Iyke maner 
 as they of Coulongne" be, so that no englysshmen come within y towne, but to sende 
 them prouysyon out of the towne for theyr money: thus do, if ye can; I thynke they 
 wyll be glad of the obeysaunce, for they haue many moo townes to Wynne in Galyce; 
 wherfore I thynke they wyll the lyghtlyer go hens. Ye say well, syr, sayd they ; we 
 shall do thus, syth you counsayle vs to do it: so they were determined on this purpose, 
 and so passed y nyght as well as they myght, and in y mornyng at the sone rysynge 
 they ordeyned certayne me to go out of the towne, instructed and charged what truce 
 they sholde make with the marshal yf they coulde; there were vii. of them, and they 
 came to the marshall, who was redy to retourne to the saulte, and kneled dovvne, sa- 
 lutynge hym, and sayd, syr, we be sente hyder to you fro them of the towne of Ponce- 
 voyde," who haue commauiided vs to say in theyr names, y gladly they wyll put themselfe 
 vnder y obeysaunce of the duke of Lancastre and of my lady the duches, in maner and 
 fourme as they of Coulongne" hath done ; and as for prouysyon, ye shall haue ynoughe 
 out of the towne, payenge courteysly therfore; and, syr, it is the entencyon of them 
 that hathe sente vs hyder, that ye sholde not enforce the ony further, nor you nor none 
 other to entre into the towne with ony army ; but yf you and some of your company 
 wyll entre symply, ye shall be welcome. The marshall had an englysshman by hym that 
 vnderstode the speche of Galyce ; he shewed the marshall in Englysshe the wordes that 
 they had spoken. The marshall answered and sayd, syrs, shortely retourne agayne to 
 your towne, and cause to come to the barryers suche as sente you hyder to speke there 
 with me; I wyll gyue the assurance this day, and to morowe the sone rysyng, without 
 ■we be agreed: so they departed, and wente to theyr towne, and founde at the barryers 
 the moost parte of them of the towne, and there they made relacyon of theyr message, 
 
 sayenge, 
 
 " Pontevedra. 1" Villeclope. "^ Corunna. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. I85 
 
 sayenge, howe incontyncnt the marshall wolde come to y barryers to speke with them ; 
 and yf ye be not company ynowe, sonde for suche mo as ye wyl haue : so then all the 
 notablest men of y townc drevve totryder ; then the marshall, with a xl. speres, came thy- 
 der, and alyghted and came to y barryers, and sayd thus : 
 
 Ye syrs of Ponce voyde," ye sente to vs vii. of your men, and I byleue surely ye dyd 
 put your trust in them, and lliey sayd howe ye wolde gladly knowledge my lorde the 
 duke and my lady for your snueraynes, in maner and fourme as they of Coulongne'' 
 hath done ; but ye wyl not haue none other gouernours but vourselfe within the towne. 
 I pray you, what soueraynte sholde they haue oner you, without they had men set in 
 the towne vnder them ? elles when ye vvyll, ye wyll be vnder liym, and when ye lyst, 
 forsake hym : surely it is myne entencyon, and al my company, to ordeyne you a good 
 capytayne, true and wyse, to gouerne you and to mynystre true iustyce, and to put out 
 al offycers set there by the kynge of Castel ; and yf ye wyll not do thus, answere me, 
 for we aredetermyned what we wyll do. Then they desyred a lytell to take counsayle 
 togyder, and so they dyd, and then sayd, syr, we haue good trust in you, but we 
 double these pyllers and robbers, for we haue ben sore beten \V suche people in tyme 
 past, when syr Bertram of Clesquy' and the bretons came fyrst into this countrey : for 
 thev lefte vs nothynge, and therfore we fere. Nay, syrs, fere not that, sayd the mar- 
 shall ; there shall noo pyllers and robbers entre into your towne, nor ye shall lese no- 
 thynge by vs, for we desyre noo thynge but obeysaunce ; and so with those wordes they 
 were accorded: then the marshall and certayne of his men entred into the towne, and 
 the oost abode without in tentes and pauylyons ; and there was sent out of the towne to 
 the lordes iiii.'' somers, laded with good wyne, and as moche brede, polayne" grete plen- 
 ty: the marshal abode all y day in the towne, and set offycers there for y duke of La- 
 castre ; and he made a capytayne there, a Galysyan, who had alwaves ben in Englande 
 with y lady Costaunce, with whom they of the towne were well contented, and the nexte 
 day y marshall retourned to y oost. 
 
 The he determined to go to another towne, a vi. myles thens, in Galyce, called Dyghos,' 
 and so rode forth thyderwarde ; and when they were \vin ii. myles, they sent a messagere 
 toy towne, to know whether they wolde rebel, or elles yelde the, as they of Ponce 
 voyde^ haue done ; yf not, they sholde be saulted y nexte daye : they of Dyghos^ made 
 no care for that message, and sayd, we care for none assaulte; we haue be assayled or 
 this tyme, and lost nothynge: whe that answere was sayd to the marshall, he sayd, by 
 saynt George, and they shall be fyersly assayled ; are these vyllaynes so proude to gyue 
 suche an answere ? So they passed y nyght, and toke theyr ease ; the nexte mornynge 
 atysone rysyng they dyslodged, and soo came before the towne and lyghted a foote, and 
 set them in ordre to go to the assaulte; and they within made them redy to defende 
 them and theyr towne: this towne was not grete, but it was stronge, and I byleue yf 
 they had had ony good me of warre in theyr towne, the englysslimen had not so soone 
 haue had the ; for as sone as they within the towne saw how they were assayled, and 
 felte the arrowes of y archers of Englande, and sawe howe dyuers of the were sore 
 hurte, for they were but euyl harneysed, then they began to be abasshed, and sayd, 
 ■why doo we suffre ourselfe thus to be slayne and hurte for the kynge of Castell ? it 
 were as good for vs to haue to our lorde the duke of Lancastre, syth he hath maryed 
 the doughter of kyng Don peter, as y sone of kyng Henry : we know well, yf we be 
 taken perforce, we shall all dye, and we se no comforte fro no parte ; it is more then a 
 
 Vol. II. 2 B moneth 
 
 ' Pontevedra. '' Corunna. ' Du Guesclin. ■" xxiiii. ' Poultry. 
 
 I Viffo ? 
 
186 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 moneth syth we sent to the kynge of Castel to Burorus in Spayne, and there it was 
 shewed to his i;ounsayle the peryl that we were in, for we knewe well the en^lysshmen 
 wolde come on vs as they do ; and the kyng then spake to the knyghtes of Frauce, who 
 are of his specyali cousayie, but they gaue hym counsayle to sende noo garyson hyder, 
 nor to noo parte of Galyce ; by seinynge, the kynge had as leue all Galyce were lost as 
 saued. He answered to our niessagers, syrs, retourne to your towne, and do y best you 
 can for yourselfe ; wherby we may well vnderstande that we nede not to suffre ourselfe 
 to be slayne nor taken perforce ; and therwith y men of the towne came to the gate, and 
 mounted vp to a wyndowe, and made sygne to speke and to treate ; they were herde, 
 and the marshall came thyder and demaunded wliat they wolde : they answered and 
 sayd, syr marshall, cause your men to cease the assaulte ; we wolde yelde vs to you in 
 the name of y duke of Lancastre and of my lady Costauce, in lyke maner as other 
 townes in Galyce haue done and shall do ; and yf ye wyll haue ony prouysyon out of 
 our towne, ye shall haue ryght courteysly to refresshe you, but with an array there 
 shall none entre : this is the treaty that we wyll desyre. The marshall then answered 
 and sayd, I am agreed to vpholde all that ye demaunde ; but I wyll ordeyne you a good 
 capytayne to defende you and to counsayle you in all your busynes. Then they an- 
 swered and sayd, wel, syr, we are content therwith. So the assaulte seased, and the 
 marshall, syr yon Fythwaren,^ the loide talbot, syr John Aburnell,'' y lorde Poy- 
 nynges, syr Johii Dambrychcourte," and certayne other knyghtes, entred into the towne 
 to refresshe them, and there taryed al the day ; and they y were without had brede and 
 wyne and other vytayles ynoughe out of the towne : thus after y takynge of the towne 
 of Dyghos in Galyce, and that the lordes were well refresshed, then the marshall set 
 there a capytayne, a squyer of Englande, called Thomas Albery, a sage man and a 
 valyaunt, and xii. archers with hym ; and then the marshall departed, and entred into 
 the coiitrey of Galyce, costynge Spayne and y mountaynes of Castell, to come to a 
 grete towne called Bayon in the Maroll; and when they were a ii. myle thens they 
 lodged, and y nexte day in good araye they came nere to the towne, and then deuyded 
 them in two bataylles, and sent an heraulte of armes to them of the towne to knowe 
 what they wolde do, and whyder they wolde come to obeysaunce without assaylynge or 
 no. The heraulte came to the barryers, and there founde a grete nombre of the vyl- 
 layneseuyll harneysed, and sayd to them in theyr language: the heraulte was of Por- 
 tyngale, and was called Connymbres i'^ syrs, among you in this towne what thynge 
 thynke you to doo ? wyll ye be assayled, or elles yelde you, and be vnder the obey- 
 saunce of my lorde the duke of Lancastre and of my lady ? The marshall hath sent me 
 hyder to knowe what ye wyll do. Then the men of y towne drewe to counsayle, and 
 began to murmure, and sayd one to another, what shall we do, yelde ourselfe symply 
 or defende vs? Then an auncyent man, who had sene moo then many other, sayd, syrs, 
 it is nedeful to take shorte counsayle; y englysshmen do vs grete courtesy, syth they 
 suffre vs to take counsayle ; ye se well there appereth none ayde fro no parte to com- 
 forte vs ; and also the knge of Castell knoweth wel Avhat case we stande in, and hath done 
 euer syth the duke of Lancastre aryued fyrst at Coulongne," and he prouydeth nothynge 
 for vs, nor is not aboute to prouyde : yf we suffre to be assayled, it is of trouth this towne 
 is grete in cyrcute and of small defence, it wyl be harde for vs to attende to euery place; 
 the englysshmen are subtyll in warre, and wyll do moche payne to wyn vs, in tryst of 
 pyllage, for they be couetous, and so be all men of warre, and this towne is reputed to 
 be more rycher then it is indeed ; wherfore I wolde counsayle you for y best, to put our- 
 selfe and towne vnder the obeysaunce of the duke and of the duches ; let vs not be so 
 
 rebel 
 
 ' Evan Fitzwaren. '' Burnell, before called Abruell. ' D'Ambreticourt. "■ Coimbra. 
 
 ' Corunna. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 187 
 
 rebel to cause ourselfe to be taken perforce, syth we maye come to peas by a meane : 
 this is the counsayle that I gyue you. Then al the other answered and sayd, we wyl 
 do thus ; we byleue you, for ye are a ma in this towne of grete parage, and may do 
 moche; and we desyre you to make the answere to y herauUe. With a good wyll, 
 sayd he; but it were reason ye gaue the herauUe a rewarde ; he wyll do vs the more 
 courtesye, and reporte good of vs to the lordes that sente hym hyder. 
 
 Howe they of Bayon i/eldcd them to the duke of Lancastre, and how the marshall of 
 his hoost entred into the lomie and take possession therof. 
 
 CAP. LIII.^ 
 
 THEN this aiicyent ma came to the heraulte, and sayd, Syr, retourne to your may- 
 sters that sente you hyder, and saye to them fro vs, that we wyl amyably put vs vnder 
 the obeysaunce of my lorde the duke of Lancastre and of my lady the duches his wyfe, 
 in lyke maner and fourme as other townes in Galyce haue done and wyl! do; and we 
 pray you to be our frende, and we wyll gyue you xx. moryskes of golde. When t he- 
 raulte herde hym say so, he sayd, where be 'y Boreyns? there they dyd gyue them to 
 hym, and so he retourned to his lordes. Then the marshal demauded of hym what 
 tydynges; what saye yonder vyllaynes, wyll they be assayled ? Nay, truely syr, sayd 
 the heraulte, they haue no wyll therto, but haue sayd to me that ye sholde come thyder, 
 and they wyll amyably receyue you, and put themselfe clerely vnder the obeysaunce of 
 my lorde the duke and of my lady the duches, as other townes haue done. Well, sayd 
 the marshall, so be it ; it is better for vs this treaty then the saulte ; at the leest our men 
 shall not be hurte. Then the marshall, with all his company, came to y towne, and 
 lyghted on foote, and at the barryers he founde moche people of the towne, but all 
 theyr armure was not worth x. frankes ; there they were to see the Englysshmen, and 
 there was the auncyent man to make theyr treatye. As soone as the heraulte sawe hym, 
 he sayd vnto the duke, 
 
 Syr, speke vnto yonder auncyent man, who maketh courtesye to you, for he hathe 
 the aucloryte of the towne in his handes. Then the marshall stepte forthe and sayd, 
 syr, what saye you ; what wyll ye do ; wyll ye yelde you to my lorde of Lancastre and 
 to my lady as to yotu" souerayne lorde and lady. Ye, syr, sayd he, we yelde vs to you 
 in the name of them, and put this towne vnder theyr obeysaunce, as other townes in 
 Galyce haue done ; and yf it please you to entre into the towne, ye shall be welcome, 
 paynge for prouysyon yf ye take ony. Wei, sayd the marshall, it sufFyseth ; we wyll 
 notliytig but obeysaunce and loue of the countrey ; but ye shall swere y yf the kyng of 
 Castel come hyder or sende hyder, y y^ kepe you agaynst hym and his alyes. Then 
 they answered and sayd, syr, we wyl swere it w good wyll ; and yf he come hyder w 
 puyssaunce, or sende, we shal close our towne agaynst hym, and sende you worde therof; 
 and yf ye be stronger than he, we wyll abyde styll vnder you, for ye shall fynde in vs 
 no maner of frawde. That is ynoughe, sayd the marshal ; I aske no better: or it be a 
 yere to an ende the matter shal be determyned ; for the herytage and crovvne of Castell, 
 ofSpayne, of Cordewayne,' of Galyce, and of Syuyll shal abyde with hym that is 
 strongest ; for there shall be sene in these countreys or the ende of August mnny dedes 
 of armes done, and as grete an armye appere in Castell as hathe ben sene there this C. 
 yere past. Well, sayd the auncyent man, let it be as it wyll be, and let the ryght go to 
 
 2 B 2 the 
 
 ' This chapter ought to be numbered LII. '" Cordova. 
 
188 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 the ry2;ht, we in this countrey of Galyce dare well abyde the aduenture. Then f re- 
 belles^ were brought Forth, and they of the towne sware to gouerne theyr towne well 
 and tniely, as subiectes sholde do to theyr souerayne lorde and lady, and to knowledge 
 the duke of Lancastre and^ his wyfe for theyr lorde and lady, as other townes in Galyce 
 had done. And y marshall in theyr names receyued their othes, and sware agayne to 
 kepe and maynteyne them in peas and good iustyce. 
 
 And whe al this matter was done, sworne, and promyse, then they opened theyr gates 
 and barryers, and euery man entred who vvolde, and lodged all abrode in the towne, 
 and were there a iiii. dayes to refresshe them and theyr horses, and to abyde for a fayre 
 season, for in iiii. dayes before it neuer seased raynynge ; wherfore they were loth to 
 departe, for y ryuers were waxed so grete, y no man coulde passe without grete daun- 
 ger ; and also in that season they aduysed theselfe whyder they wolde go to Bezanses'' 
 or to Rybadane," another stronge towne, wherin were the nioost prowdest people and 
 moost traytours of al y countrey of Galyce; and on the fyrst day y marshal departed 
 ■froy towne of Bayon in Marol ; and when they were in the feldes, they founde y ryuers 
 withdrawen, wherof they were ryght ioyful ; then they rode forth towardes Rybadane,*^ 
 and had with them grete caryage and moche prouysyon, and rode all in peas ; there 
 were none y stopped them of theyr way, for there were no lordes of Galyce y styred, 
 so they rode tyll they came nere to the towne, and then lodged them vnder y olyues, in 
 a fayre playne, within halfe a legge of the towne, and there determyned to sende theyr 
 heraulte to speke w them of Rybadane ;' y marshall had well herde howe they were the 
 falsest people and of the merueylest condycyons y were in all the royalme, as grete a 
 royalme as it was, for they dyd neuer set by y kynge, nor no ma elles, but helde al onely 
 of theselfe, for theyr towne was strong; so y heraulte was sent to them to knowe theyr 
 entencyons: and when he came thyder, the barryers were closed and the gate also ; then 
 he began to call and to knocke, but noo man wolde answere hym, yet he sawe men go 
 vp and downe on the garettes of the gate and walles : but for nothyng that he coulde do, 
 there was no creature wolde speke one worde to hym ; so there he stode, callynge and 
 makynge of sygnes more then an houre: then he sayd to hymselfe, when he sawe he 
 coulde haue there nothynge elles, I trowe these men of Rybadane" haue spoken with 
 them of Bayon, and are dyspleased that they gaue me xx. floreynes, and dyd so lytell 
 therfore ; nowe they wyll make me bye it dere ; I fere they wolde haue me tary here 
 tyll it were late, and then take and hange me ; and so therwith retourned to the marshall, 
 who demaunded what tydynges ; whyder they wolde be assayled or yelde, as other 
 townes had done. Syr, sayd the heraulte, surely I cannot tell ; they be so prowde, that 
 for ony cryenge and callynge y I coulde make, there was none y wolde gyue me ony an- 
 swere. Then syr John Abaurell'' sayd, sawest thou no persone there ? peraduenture 
 they be fled awaye for fere of vs. Fled away, sayd y heraulte; syr, sauynge your grace, 
 they thynke scorne therof ; for or ye haue that towne, they wyll put you to more payne 
 then all the other townes in Galyce: syr, knowe for trouthe, therin be men ynowe, for 
 I sawe grete nombre of the, and called to the on hyghe, and sayd, syrs, I am an heraulte 
 sent to speke w you, therfore here me ; but they helde theyr peas, and loked on me and 
 laughed. A, sayd y marshall, the false vyllaynes shall well be chastysed, for I wyll not 
 departe thens tyll I haue brought them to obeysannce, wout my lorde the duke of Lan- 
 castre commaunde me the contrary : let vs ete and drynke, and then go to the assauite, for 
 I wyll se them a lytell nerer, syth y vyllavnes be so proAvde ; and it was done as y mar- 
 shall ordeyned. 
 
 And 
 
 * Relics ? — In the French, " fut le sainct apporte." '' Betangos. ' Ribadavia ? 
 
 '' Burnell. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. I89 
 
 And when they had eten and dronken, they lepte on theyr horses, and sowned theyr 
 Irompettes, makynge grete noyes ; and within a whyle they came before the towne, and 
 some knyghtes and squyers ran before the barryers, but there tlicy founde no body, but 
 ouer y crate there were many crosse bowes, and they began to shote, and dyd hurte dyuers 
 horses r then the englysshe archers araynged them before y barryers and on y dykes, 
 and began to shote agaynst the crosse bowes ; so there was a sore assaulte, wliiche longe 
 endured: true it is, "the towne of Rybadane' is ryght stronge ; it coulde not be wonne 
 on y one syde, for it standeth on a rocke, so y no man can mounle therto ; on the other 
 syde, where y sauUe cotynued, was playne groude, but there were grete dykes, drye 
 without ony water, but they were euyll to mounte vpo; knyglites and squyers auayled 
 downe, and then began to mounte agayne, with targes and pauaises ouer theyr heedes, 
 for defence of stones that were cast downe ; and the archers were raynged alonge on the 
 dykes, who shot so hooly togyder that the defendauntes durst not appere abrode ; that 
 daye there was a giete assaulte, and dyuers hurte bothe within and without, and atnyght 
 they sowned the retrayle. Then the sauUe seased, and the englysshmen drewe to theyr 
 lodgynges, and toke theyr ease, and dressed them that were hurte. And the same daye 
 Thyrry'of Sonuayne"* was stryken with a quarell in the arme, so y in a moneth after he 
 coulde not ayde hymselfe with y arme, but bare it in a towell. 
 
 Howe the duke of Lancastre and the Duches helde them at sai/nt James in Galyce, 
 and 0/ the comforte that the frensshe /aij/ghtes gaue vnto the kynge of Castell. 
 
 CAP. LII.-^ 
 
 THE same season j the duke of Lancastres marshal rode abrode iny coutrey of Galyce, 
 and made y coutrey to tourne to 5' obeysaunce of y duke and duches, who lay at the 
 towne of Compostella, otherwyse called saynt James in galyce ; ofte tymes they herde 
 tydynges fro y kynge of Portyngale, and y kynge fro them, for they sente and wrote 
 eche to other wekely ; and on the other party, kyng Jolin of Castell lay that season at 
 Valeolyue,'' and y knyghtes of fraunce with hym, with whom he spake often tymes of 
 his busyues, and demauded of tiiem counsayle ; and somtyme he sayd to the, Syrs, I 
 haue grete meruayle y there cometh no more ayde to me out of frauce, for I lese my 
 countrey, and am lyke to lose, without I fynde some other remedy ; the englysshmen 
 kepeth y feldes, and 1 knowe well that the duke of Lancastre and the kynge of Portyn- 
 gale haue ben togyder, and myne aduersary the kynge of Portyngale shall haue in ma- 
 ryage one of y dukes doughters, and as sone as they be wedded, ye shal se bothe theyr 
 puyssaunces ioyne togyder and entre into my royalme, and so gyue me to moche to do. 
 Then the frensshe knyghtes answered, to comforte the kynge, and sayd, syr, take no 
 thought therfore ; for yf the englysshmen wyn on y one syde, they lese ony other; for 
 we know surely that the frensshe kynge, with mo then a C. M. men of warre, is as nowe 
 in the royalme of Englande, and dystroyeth and conquereth the countrey ; and when 
 they haue done, and brought al Englande in subieccyon, then y frensshe kynge wyl 
 take agayne y se, and, or somer be past, aryue at coulogue^ in galyce, and wyn agayne 
 more in a monelh then ye haue lost in a hole yere ; and the duke of Lancastre shal so 
 be inclosed, y he shal be fayne to fle into portyngale, and so ye shal take vengeauce of 
 your enemyes ; for, syr, know surely, y if the busynes of frauce had not ben so grete as it 
 is for the voyacre into englande, ye sholde haue had here or this iii. or iiii. M. speres of 
 
 Irenssn- 
 
 - Ribadavia. ': Soumain. ' This chapter ought to be LIII. * Valladolid. ' Corunna. 
 
190 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 frensshmen ; for y frensshe kynge, his vncies and cousayle, haue grete afTeccyon to 
 coforte and ayde you to brynge your wanes to an ende : syr, care not though y englyssh- 
 nien nowe kepe y feldes, and vvyn n lytel of your countrey : surely, syr, or it be y feer.t 
 of saynt John baptyst, they shal al be dryuen away. The kyng toke these wordes for 
 good, and toke coforte in the; and y frensshe knyghtes sayd nothyng but as they 
 thought was true, for they reputed surely as then y frensshe kynge to be aryued in Eng- 
 lande; and so it was brcwted in all Spayne, Galyce, and Portyngale ; and surely the 
 fourth parte of the tydynges y the englysshmen hcrde of pylgrynies and nierchauntes 
 comynge fro flaunders was not shewed to the duke of Lancastre; and also the kynge of 
 Portyngale, for al that he wrote often tymes to the duke, yet he soniAvhat dyssymuled, 
 and was not ouer hasty to sende for the lady Phylyp to be his wyfe, for his counsayle 
 sayd to hym, syr, surely there is tydynges come out of Fraunce and out of flaunders y 
 the royalme ofEnglande is in a grete aduenture to be dystroyed, and yf y be so, what 
 sholde it auayle you the comforte of the duke of Lancastre or to wedde his doughter? 
 it sholde nothyng auayle you ; wherfore couet tly he delayed his busynes, to the entente 
 to se the ende of y matter; howbeit, by letters and messagers he reteyned styll the 
 duke in loue and fauoure. Nowe let vs leue a season to speke of the busynesses of 
 Castell and Portyngale, and let vs treate of the matters of fraunce. 
 
 Of the grete apparell of shyppes and galeys that the frensshmen made on the see to 
 
 passe into Englade. 
 
 CAP. LIII." 
 
 THE apparel of shyppes, galeys, and vesselles that y frensshe kyng made to passe 
 into Englade was so grete and sumptuous, y the eldest man tha lyuyng neuer saw nor 
 herde ol the lyke : y knyghtes and squyers reioysed when they departed fro theyr 
 houses to go w the frensshe kynge into Englande, and sayd, nowe let vs go on these 
 cursed Englysshmen, who haue done so many euylles and persecucyons in fraunce ; 
 nowe shall we be reuenged for our faders, bretherne, and kynsmen, Avhom they haue 
 slayne and dyscomfyted. Surely it was more then xii. wekes a doynge, the pourueynge 
 of suche prouysyons as the frensshe lordes made ; it was so grete that it was merueyle 
 to consyder it ; and it was sayd in all flaunders the kynge cometh to morowe : and also 
 men came thyder out of Gascoyne, armynacke, Comynges, Tholowsyn, and fro al the 
 lymyttes of fraunce, and all came and lodged in flaunders and Artoys; and when it 
 came to the myddes of August, and that y voyage sholde approche, and to the entente 
 to make them of farre countreys to make y more hast, and to gyue ensample y the kynge 
 toke his voyage w grete desyre, the kynge toke his leue of y queue his wyfe, and of 
 queue Blaunche, and of y duches of Orlyaunce, and of y other ladyes of fraunce, and 
 herde masse solemply in our Ladyes chyrche in Paris, and his entencyon was neuer to 
 retourne agayne to Paris tyll he had ben fyrst in Englande ; so the kynge rode to Sen- 
 lyse ; but al y season the duke of Berrey was styll in his coutrey of Berre ; howbeit, pro- 
 uysyon was made in Flaunders and at sluse for hym as it was done for other ; also y duke 
 of Borgoyne was in his countrey, and so then he toke leue of the duches and of his 
 chyldren, and determyned to take his leue of his grete aunte the duches of Brabant ; 
 so he departed out of Borgoyne. and rode in grete estate, and the admyrall of fraunce in 
 his company and syr Guy of Tremoyle;*" and so they came to Bruzelles, and there 
 
 Ibunde 
 
 * This chapter ouglit to be numbered LII. '' TremouiUe, 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. lyi 
 
 founde the tluches and other ladyes, who receyued hym w grete honour : and ii. dayes 
 he taryed there with them, and then toke his leue, and iro thens he rode to Mens in 
 Heynalte, and there he founde his doughter, y lady of Ostreuant, and duke Aubert, 
 and his sone, syr Wyllyam of Heynalte, erle of Ostreuant, who receyued the duke with 
 grete ioy, and so brought hym to Valencennes ; and the duke was lodged in the erles 
 palace, and duke Aubert in the lodgynge of Vycongnet and the lady of Ostreuant ; and 
 fro thens y duke rode to Doway, and so to Arras, and there he founde the duches his 
 wyfe taryenge for hym. Then the frensshe kynge came to Compaygne* and so to 
 Noyon, and" fro thens to Perone, and to Bapalmes, and so to Arras ; and dayly there 
 came downe people fro all partes, so grete nombre that y coiitrey was clene eten vp ; 
 nothyng was lefte abrode in the countrey, but it was taken wout payenge of ony thynge, 
 so y the poore comon people that had gadered togyder theyr cornes had nothynge lefte 
 them but strawe ; and yf they spake therof, they were beten or slayne ; theyr waters 
 were fysshed, theyr houses beten downe for fyer wood : yf the englysshemen had 
 aryued in the countrey, they coulde not nor wolde not haue done so grete dystruccyon 
 nor hurte then the frensshmen themselfe dyd : and they sayd to the poore men, syrs, we 
 haue as nowe no syluer to pay, but when we retourne we shal haue ynoughe, and then 
 ye shall be clerely payde ; but the poore people, when they saw theyr goodes taken and 
 spente away, and durst not speke ther agaynst, they cursed bytwene theyr tethe, sayenge. 
 go into Englande or to the deuyll, and neuer retourne agayne. 
 
 Hoive the frensshe hynge and his vncles aryued at Sliise in Flaunders. 
 GAP. LIIH.'^ 
 
 THE frensshe kynge came to Lysle in flaunders, and his two vncles with hym, J 
 duke of Borgoyne and the duke of Borbon, for as the the duke of Berrey was behynde 
 in his owne coutrey, and ordeyned for his busyues : and with y kynge at Lysle there 
 was the duke of Bare, the duke of Lorayne, the erle of Armynacke, the erle of Sauoy, 
 the erle Dalphyn of Awuergne, the erle of Geneue, the erle of saynt Poule, the erle of 
 Ewe, y erle of Longueuyle, and other grete lordes of Fraunce, in suche nombre that I 
 can neuer name them all : it was sayd there sholde passe into Englande xx. M. knyghtes 
 and squyers, wliiche, to say trouth, is a fayre company; and also xx. M. crosse bowes 
 with the Geneways ; and besyde them, other xx. M. of other men of warre : and as then 
 syr Olyuer Clysson was in Bretayne, and ordeyned therfore his busynes and nauye, 
 and sholde brynge with hym y closure of the felde made of tymbre, whiche they ordeyned 
 tobeset vpeuery nyght when they were ones in Englande ; and with syr Olyuer Clysson, 
 constable of Fraunce, sholde come out of Bretayne the best knyghtes and squyers therin, 
 as the vycount of Rohan, y lorde of Rays, the lorde of Beawmanoyre, y lorde de la Vale, 
 the lorde of Rocliforte, the lorde of Malestroyt, syr John of Malestroyte, and a v. C. 
 speres, Bretons, cliosen men of warre, for it was the constables entencyon that no ma 
 sholde entre into englande without he were a ma of armes chosen ; and he gaue charge 
 to the admyral, sayng, take hede ye charge not our shyppes with varlettes and boyes, 
 for they shall do vs more domage then proi'yte ; so that ii. or iii. knyghtes, without they 
 were grete maysters, thoughe they hyred shyppes for theyr money, yet they sholde 
 haue but one horse ouer and one varlet ; to say trouthe, they ordeyned al theyr busy- 
 nesses in good ordre ; and it was the opynyon of dyuers, that yf they myght aryue all 
 
 togyder 
 
 ' Compiegne. '■ This chapter ought to be numbered LV. 
 
192 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 togyder in Enjilande, where as they entended to lande, and that was at Orwell hauen, 
 howe they sholde sore abasshe the countrey ; and so they sholde without doubte, for the 
 grete lordes, spyrytuali and temporall, and the people of the good townes were in 
 grete doubte, but the comons and poore companyons cared nothynge therfore, no 
 more dyd pore knyghtes and squyers, for they desyred the warre outher to wynne or 
 to lose all; and they sayd one to another, god hath sent to vs a good season syth the 
 frensshe kynge wyll come into this coiitrey; he is a valyaunt kyng ; we thynke this 
 CCC. yere passed there was not in fraunce a kyng of y courage as he is of; he maketh 
 his men good me of warre: blessyd maye he be, syth he wyll come to vysyte vs, for 
 noue we shall dye or elles be ryche, it can be none otherwyse. 
 
 Hotye (he frensshe kynge tari/ed at Sliise M'itli his grete oost, to the entente to entre 
 
 into Englande. 
 
 CAP. LV.* 
 
 IF the apparell for this voyage was grete and sumptuous in Flaunders and at Sluse, 
 in lykewyse was it in Englade. I haue shewed you somwhat therof here before, wher- 
 fore I passe it ouer breuely ; yf the taxes and tallages were grete in fraunce, in lyke- 
 wyse they were in englande, so that many a man sorowed longe after ; but bycause the 
 comons sawe it was nedefuU, sayd, it is not agaynst reason thoughe Ave be taxed nowe, 
 and to gyue of our goodes to knyghtes and squyers, to defende theyr herytages and 
 ours. There was raysed the same tyme in Englande, for the defence of the countrey, 
 more then ii. mylyons of floreyns, and receyuours therof were the archebysshop of 
 yorke, broder to the lorde Neuell, the erle of Oxenforde, syr Nycholas Branibre, syr 
 Myghell PoUe,'' syr Symon Burle, syr Peter Gauloufer, syr Robert Tryuylyen,"" syr 
 John Beauchamp, syr Johii Salysbury, and other of the kynges pryuy counsayle ; as for 
 the kynges vncles, there was nothynge done by them, nor they wolde not medle ther- 
 with, nor brynge the royalme into trouble, but they toke good hede to maynteyne the 
 honoure of y royalme, and to kepe y passages and portes, for they byleued surely to 
 haue y same yere y frensshe kyng w his puyssauce to aryue in Englande : so these sayd 
 lordes and knyghtes receyued the taxes and dyd what they lyst ; and the chefe of them, 
 and he that had moost profyte, was y erle of oxenforde, for by hym euery thynge was 
 done, and without hym nothyng done ; so that after, whe theyr busynesses were passed, 
 the people made trouble to knowe where y money became, and some of the cytees and 
 good townes of Englande wolde haue accomptes therof, with y ayde of the kynges 
 vncles, as ye shal here after when tyme shall be to speke therof, for it shall not be for- 
 gotten out of the hystory. 
 
 This chapter ought to be LVI. * Michael de la Pole. ° Tresilian. 
 
 Howe 
 
 :*i 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 193 
 
 Howe syr Symon Burle^ wolde haue had by his counsayle saynt Thomas of Cauntor- 
 buryes sluyne remoried to the castell of Doner, wherby he acheued gtete hate. 
 
 CAP. LV.'' 
 
 SIR Symon Burle^ was capytayne of the castel of Douer, and he herde often tymes 
 newes out of Calays by the fysshers, for they kepte styll tlieyr custonie of fysshynge, 
 somtyme before Boloyne, and before the porte of Whytsande :^ and when other frensshe 
 fysshers met with them they wolde tel eche other tydynges, sonityme more then they 
 knewe, for the fysshers of the see what soo euer warre was bytwene Englande and 
 Fraunce, they dyd no hurte one to another, but were as frendes aydynge eche other, 
 and bought and solde eche Avith other fysshe, if one sped better then another; for yf 
 they sholde haue made war one w another, there durst none liaue gone a fysshynge 
 wout conduyte of men of warre. Thus syr Symon Burle' vnderstode by y fysshers, 
 that surely the frensshe kynge wolde passe ouer into Englande, and take landyng at 
 Douer, and at Sandwytche : syr Symon byleued wel those wordes, and thought it was 
 true, and so dyd all Englande : so on a daye he came to Cauntorbury, and wente to 
 the abbaye, and there they demaunded of hyni tydynges, and he shewed as moche as he 
 knewe ; and by his wordes he shewed that saynt Thomas shryne, whiche is goodly and 
 rvche, was not there in surety, bycause the towne was not stronge, and he sayd that if 
 the frensshemen sholde come thyder, whiche by all lykelyhode they wolde do, for 
 couetyse of wynnynge, the robbers and pyllers wolde robbe that towne and abbey, chyrche 
 and all, and they wyll cary awaye with them the shryne yf they fynde it here : wher- 
 fore I wolde counsayle and aduyse you to cary it to y castell of Doner ; there it shal be 
 in suretye, thoughe al Englande were lost. Then the abbot and all the conuent toke 
 his counsayle, though he ment well, in grete dyspyte and dyspleasure, sayenge, syr 
 Symon, wyll ye depose our chyrche fro our sygnory ? yf ye be afrayde make yourselfe 
 sure, for thoughe ye close yourselfe within y castell of Douer for fere, yet the frenssh- 
 nien shall not be so hardy to come hyder to vs. And so Symon Burle^ multyplyed so 
 moche in wordes in maynteynynge his request, y the comons of the countrey were sore 
 displeased with hym, and reputed hym not profytable for y countrey ; and ryght well 
 they shewed after theyr dyspleasure, as ye shall here in the story. So syr Symon Bur- 
 ley wente to Douer agayne. 
 
 The frensshe kynge came to Lysle to shewe that y iourney pleased hym, and to ap- 
 proche the soner to his passage. So the kyng approched, and it was sayd in Flaunders, 
 and in Artoys, they shall take shyppyng outher on Satterday, monday, or tuysday, so 
 that in euery day in y weke it was sayd he sholde departe to morowe, or y nexte day 
 after ; and his broder the duke of Tourayne, and the bysshop of Beawuoys chaun- 
 cellour of Fraunce, and dyuers other grete lordes, toke theyr leue of y kyng at Lysle, 
 and they retourned to Parys. And it was shewed me howe the kynge had gyuen the 
 gouernyng of the royalme to his broder the duke of Tourayne tyll his retourne agayne, 
 with the ayde of dyuers other lordes of Fraunce, suche as were not ordeyned to go into 
 Englande, as y erle of Bloys, and other ; and yet all the season y duke of Berry was 
 behynde, and came but fayre and easely, for he had no grete appetyte to go into Eng- 
 
 VoL. II. 2 C lande, 
 
 ' Burley. >' This chapter ought to be numbered LVII. "^ Wissan. 
 
194 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 lande, and his longe taryeng was dyspleasaut to the kynge, and to the duke of Biir- 
 goyne, and to the otlier lordes: they wolde ghidly he had ben come: styll grete pro- 
 uysyon was nude, wlilche was costly and dere; a thynge not worth a frankewas solde 
 for iiii. howebeit for all that, money was not spared, for euery man desyred to be well 
 stuffed of euery thynge, in maner of enuy euery ma to be better appoynted then other: 
 and thoughe the grete lordes were well payde theyr wages, other poore companyons 
 bought the bergayne, for they were owynge lor a monethes wages, and yet coulde gete 
 nothynge ; the treasonrer of the warres and clarkes of y chambre of accomptes sayd, 
 syrs, abyde tyll the nexte weke, and then ye shall be payde, and soo they were an- 
 swered wekely: and yf ony payment were made to them, it was but for viii. dayes, and 
 were owynge viii. wekes, soo that some when they sawe the maner of dealynge, and 
 howe they were soo euyll payde, they were sore dyspleased, and sayd, surely this voy- 
 age shall be but of small effecte, for by all iykelyhode when the money is g:idered of y 
 taxes, then they wyl breke this iourney and retourne home agayne into theyr owne 
 countreys ; suche as dyd cast suche doubtes and prouided theralter were wyse, but the 
 poore knyghles and companyons, suche as were reteyned by y grete lordes, spente all 
 that they had : euery thynge was so dere in Flaunders, that liarde it was to gete outher 
 brede or drynke, or yf they wolde sell theyr wages or armure, there was no money to 
 gete: and yf ony were bought it was dere, there was soo moche people aboute Dan" 
 Bruges, and Ardenbrughe, and specyally at Sluse ; for when the kynge came thyder 
 they wyst not where to lodge ; the erie of saynt Poule, the lorde of Coucy, ihe dolphyn 
 of Auuergne, the lorde Danloygne, and dyuers other lordes of Fraunce, to lye more at 
 theyr ease, lodgynge at Bruges, and somtyme went to Sluse to the kynge to know when 
 they sholde departe ; and euer it was sayd to them within iii. or iiii. dayes, or when the 
 duke of Berrey is come, and y we haue wynde to serue vs ; so euer the tyme passed, and 
 the day shortened, and began to be foule and colde, and the nyghtes longe, wherwith 
 dyuers of the lordes were not contente to tary so longe, and also theyr prouysyons 
 mynysshed. 
 
 Howe the kyng of Armony^ passed inlo Englande in trust to fynde some meane 
 of peas or good appoi/nliiienl, bijlwene the kyng of Englande, and the kynge of 
 Fraunce. 
 
 CAP. LVI.^ 
 
 THUS in abydynge for the duke of Berrey, and for the constable, Avho were be- 
 hynde, then kynge Lyon of Armony," who was in Frauce, and had assygned hym by y 
 kynge vi. M. Iraukes by y yere to maynteyne his estate, he toke on hym for a good en- 
 tente to go inlo Englande, to speke with the kyng there and his counsayle, to se if he 
 inyght fynde ony maner of peas to be had bytwene the two royaimes of Englande and 
 Frauce ; and so he departed fro his lodgynge of saynt Albeyne,"^ besyde saynt Denyce, 
 al oiiely w his owne company, and with no grete apparel. Soo he rode to Boloyne, and 
 there he toke a shyp, and so say led forth tyll he came to Douer, and there he founde 
 the erle of Cambrydge, and the erle of Buckyngham, and mo then a C. me of armes, 
 and a ii. M. archers, who laye there to kepe that passage, for the brute ranne that y 
 frensshmen sholde lande there, or at S:indwyche ; and the kynge laye at London, and 
 
 parte 
 
 " Damme. '' Armtnia. *■ This cliajjter ovi^ht to be numbered LVIII. 
 
 ■* yt. Audoin. — Lyons' edit. St. Ouen. — Jolincs. 
 
 ^ 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 195 
 
 parte of his counsayle with hym, and dayly herde tydyngcs fro all the portes of Eng- 
 lande. When the kynge of Armony" was aryued at Doner, he had there good cliere, 
 bycanse he was a strauger, and so he came to the kynges vncies there, who svvetely re- 
 ceyned hym, and at tyme conuenyent they demaunded of hym fro whens he came, and 
 whellier he wolde ? the kvng answered and sayd, that in trust of goodness he was come 
 thyder to se the kynge of Englande and his counsayle, to Ireate for peas bytwene Eng- 
 lande and Fraunce: for he sayd, that he thought the warre was not mete ; for he sayd^by 
 reason of warre bytwene these ii. royalmes, whiche hath endured so longe, the sarazyns, 
 Jewes, and turkes, are waxed proudc, for ihere is none that makcth tliem ony warre, and by 
 occasyon therof I haue lost my lande and royalme, and am not lyke to recoucr it agayne 
 without there were ferme peas in ail crystendome : and I wolde gladly shewe the matter 
 that toucheth all crystendome, to the kynge of Englande, and to his counsayle, as I 
 haue done to the frensshe kyng. Then the kynges vnclcs demaunded of hym yf the 
 frensshe kynge had sent hym thyder or noo ? he answered and sayd, nay, there is noo 
 man y sent nic, but I am come hyder by myne owne mocyon, to se yl the kynge of Eng- 
 lande and his counsayle wolde ony thynge leane to ony trealye of peas. Then he was 
 demaunded where the frensshe kynge was ? he answered, 1 byleue he be at Sluse, I sawe 
 hym not syth I toke leue of hym at'Senlyze. Then he was demaunded howe he coulde 
 make ony treaty of pe'as, and had no charge so to do ? and syr, yf ye be conuayed to 
 the kynge our nepliewe, and to his counsayle, and the frensshe kynge in the meane 
 season entre with his puyssaimce into Englande, ye may happen therby to receyue grete 
 blame, and your persone to be in grete ieoperdy with them of the countrey : then the 
 kynge answered and sayd, I am in suretye of the frensshe kynge, for I haue sente to 
 hym desyrynge that tyll I retourne agayne, not to remoue fro Skise, and I repute hym 
 so noble and soo well aduysed, y he wyll graunt my desyre and that he wyll not entre 
 into the see tyl I be come agayne to hym ; wherfore syrs, I praye you in the instaunce 
 of lone and peas, toconuey me to speke with the kynge, for I desyre gretely to se hym, 
 or elles ye that be his vncies, yf ye haue auctoryte to gyue me answere to all my de- 
 maundes. Then the erle of Buckyngham sayd, syr, kynge of Armony,' we be or- 
 deyned here to kepe and defende this passage and the fronters of Englande, by the kynge 
 and his counsayle, and we haue no charge to medle ony further with the busynes of f 
 royalme, without Ave be otherwyse commaunded by the kyng: but syth ye be come for 
 a good entente into this countrey, ye be ryght welcome; but syr, as for ony ferme an- 
 swere, ye can haue none of vs, for as no we we be not of the cousayle, but we shall con- 
 uey you to the kynge wout peryll or domage. The kynge tiianked them, and sayd, I 
 desyre nothynge elles but to se the kynge, and to speke with hym. 
 
 Armenia. 
 
 2 C 2 Novi 
 
I9(i THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 Howe the kynge of Amony'^ retourned out of Englande, and of the answere that wui 
 
 rnade to hym. 
 
 CAP. LVII." 
 
 WHEN the kynge of Armony'' was refresslied at Doner a day, and had spoken w 
 the kynges vnclcs at good leysure, then he departed towarde London with a good con- 
 duyte that the lordes appoynted to hyni lor lere oi ony rencountres ; so longe he rode 
 that he came to London, and in his rydynge thrughe London he was well regarded, 
 bycause he was a stranger, and he liad good cliere made hym, and so was brought to 
 the kynge, who laye in the ryall at the quenes warderobe, and his counsayle were in 
 London at tlieyr lodgynges: the Londonners were sore fortefyenge of theyr cyte when 
 the comynge of the kynge of Armony" was knowen ; the kynges counsayle drewe to the 
 kyng, to here what tydynges the kyng brought in that troublous season. When the 
 kynge of Armony" was come into the kynges presence, he made his salutacyon, and 
 then began his processe on the state howe he was come out of Fraunce pryncypally to 
 se the kynge of Englande, whome he had neuer sene before, and sayd howe he was 
 ryght ioyous to be in his presence, trustynge that some goodnes sholde come iheiby; 
 and there he shewed by his wordes that to withstande the grete pestylence y was lykely 
 to be in Englande, therfore he was come of his owne good wyl to do some good therin 
 if he myght, (not sent fro the frensshe kynge,) wyllynge to set some accorde and peas 
 bytwene y ii. royalmes, Englande and Fraunce : many fayre plesaunt wordes the kynge 
 of Armony" spake to y kynge of Englande, and to his counsayle. Then he was shortly 
 answered thus: syr kyng, ye be welcome into this royalme, for the kynge our souerayne 
 lorde, and all we are glad to se you here ; but syr, we saye y the kynge hath not here 
 all his counsayle, but shortely they shall be here, and then ye shall be answered. The 
 kyng of Armony" was contente therwith, and so retourned to his lodgynge : win iiii. 
 dayes after the kynge Avas counsayled, (and I thynke he had sente to his vncles to knowe 
 theyr ententes, but they were not present at the answere gyuynge,) to go to the palays 
 of Westmynstre, and his counsayle with hym, suche as were aboute hym, and to sende 
 for the kynge of Armony^ to come thyder ; and when he was come into the presence of 
 the kynge of Englande and his counsayle, the kynge sate downe, and the kynge of Ar- 
 mony^ by hym, and then the prelates and other of his counsayle ; there y kynge of Ar- 
 mony' rehersed agayne his requestes y he made, and also shewed wysely howe all crys- 
 tcdonie was sore decayed and feblysshed, by occasyon of the warres bytwene Englande 
 and France, and howe that al the knyghtes and squyers of bothe royalmes entended to 
 nothynge elles, but alwayes to be on y one parte, or of y other, wherby the empyre of 
 Constantynoble leseth, and is lyke to lese, for before this warre y knyghtes and squyers 
 were wonte to aduenture themselfe : and also the kynge of Armony^ shewed y by oc- 
 casyon of this war he had lost his royalme of Armony,' wherfore he desyred for goddes 
 sake that there myght be some treatye of peas had bytwene the ii. royalmes of Englande 
 and Fraunce. To these wordes answered the archebysshop of Cauntorbury, for he had 
 charge so to do, and he sayd, syr, kynge of Armony,' it is not the maner, nor neuer 
 was sene bytwene ii. suche enemyes as the kynge of Englande and the Frensshe kynge, 
 y the kynge my souerayne lorde sholde be reqnyred of peas, and to entre his lancles 
 
 with 
 
 " Armenia. '' Tliis chapter ougbt to be numbered LIX. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 197 
 
 with a puyssaimt army ; wherfore syr, we say to you, y yf it please you ye mnye re- 
 touine to the Fiensslie kyni-^e, and cause liym and all his puyssaunce t() letourne backe 
 into theyrowne countreys ;" and when eueiy man is at home, then yJ' it please you ye 
 maye letourne ajrayne hyder, and then we shall o;ladly entende to your treatye. This 
 was all the answere the kyn-^e of Armony' coulde gele there, and so he dyned with the 
 kynce of Enp,lande, and hadde as grete honourc as conlde he deuysed ; and the kynge 
 offered hym niany (i,rete tryl'tes ol'golde and syluer, but he wolde take noone, thous^h he 
 had nede therof, but al onely a ry'nge to the value of a C. IVankes. After dyner he 
 toke his leue and retourned vnto his lod2,ynge, and the nexte daye departed, and was in 
 two dayes at Douer, and there toke his leue of suche lordes as were there, and so toke 
 the see in a passagere, and aryued at Calays ; and fro thens vente to Sluse, and there 
 he spake with the frensshe kynge, and with his vncles, and shewed thern howc he hadde 
 ben in En2,lande, and what answere he liad. The frensshe kynge and liis vncles toke 
 no reo;arde to his sayenge, but sente hym agayne backe into Fraunce, for theyr full 
 entencyon was to entre into Englande as soone as they myght haue wynde and wether. 
 And the duke of Berre and the constable came to them, the wynde was sore contrary to 
 them, for therwith they coulde neuer entre into Englande, but the wynde was good to 
 £Oo into Scotlande. 
 
 Howe the duke of Berre departed from Parys to come to Sluse; and hoire the con- 
 stable of Fraunce take the see ; and of the wi/nde that ivas cotrary to hym. 
 
 CAP. LVIII." 
 
 THUS the duke of Berre herde masse in our Lady chyrche in Parys, and there toke 
 his leue, and sayd how he wolde neuer entre there agayne tyll he hadde ben in Eng- 
 lande ; howbeit, for all his wordes he thought the contrary, for he had no desyre 
 therto, for the wynter season was sore come on, and all the waye as he came he had let- 
 ters fro the kynge, and fro the duke of Borgoyne, in hastynge of hym, certefyenge 
 hym howe tliey taryed for noo thynge elles but fur his comynge. Soo the duke ot Berre 
 rode alwayes forwarde, but it was but by small iourneys. 
 
 And the constable of Fraunce departed fro the cyte of Lentryngyer," standynge on 
 the see syde in Bretayne, with grete nombre of men of armes and prouysyon : he had a 
 Ixxii. shyppes, and with hym he hadde the closure of the felde made of tymbre : the 
 constable and his company had good wynde at the begynnynge, but when they approched 
 nere to Englande, the wynde rose fyerse and grete ; and at the entre of margate at 
 Tames mouthe, the wynde was so grete that whether they wolde or not theyr shyppes 
 departed, soo that xx. abode not togyder, and some were dryuen perforce into Tames, 
 and there were taken by the englysshmen; and specyally there was taken'' iii. or iiii. 
 shyppes laden with parte of the closure of tymbre ordeyned to close in the felde, and 
 certayne maysters, cai penters, and artificers, with them, and so they were brought to 
 London, wherofthe kynge had grete ioye, and so hadde all the Londonneis; and vii. 
 of the constables shyppes were dryuen with the wynde, Avith all the prouysyon, and 
 taken in zelande ; and the constable and other lordes with grete payne came to Sluse to 
 the frensshe kynge. 
 
 Of the constables comynge and his company the frensshe kynge was ryght ioyfull, and 
 
 the 
 
 = Armenia. ^ This chapter ought to lie mimbcreJ LX. ' Treguier. '" " One 
 
 ship which was laden witli two or three parts," 
 
198 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 die kynge sayd to liym, Syr constable, when shall we departe? certaynly we haue grete 
 desyre to se Englande, wherfore I pray you auaunce forth all our busynes in hasty 
 inaner, and let vs ei)tre into the see shortely: myne vncle the duke ofEerre wyll be 
 here with vs within these two dayes, he is at Lysle : Syr, sayd the constable, we can 
 not departe tyll the wynde serue vs, lor y wynde is so sore a9;aynst vs, and soo strayn- 
 ablc, that the maryners saye they haue herde none suche of a crrete season before. Con- 
 stable, sayd the kyno;e, I haue ben in my vessel!, and it pleaseth me gretely the ayre 
 of the see, I byleue I shall be a good maryner, for the see dyd me no hurte. In the 
 name of god, sayd the constable, it hath clone hurte tome, for syr, we were in srrete 
 peryll comynge fro Brytayne hyder : the kynge demaunded howe soo ? Then the consta- 
 ble sayd, by fortune of the see, and grete wyndes that rose agaynst vs in the fronters of 
 Englande; and syr, we haue lost of our shyppes and men, w'herof 1 am ryght sory, yf 
 I myght amende it ; but syr, it is without remedy for this tyme. Thus the kyno-e and 
 the Constable deuysed togyder in wordes, and alwayes the tyme passed, and the wynter 
 approched, and the lordes laye there in grete colde and peryll. 
 
 The flemynges gladly wolde not haue hadde them retourne agayne thrughe theyr 
 countrey, and they sayd one to another, why the deuyll dothe not the frensshe kynge 
 passe ouer into Englande, why taryeth he so longe in this countrey ? are we not in po- 
 uertye ynoughe ? thoughe the frensshemen make vs no poorer, we thynke they wyll 
 not passe into Englande this yere, for the royalme of Englande is not so easy to be 
 wonne ; englysshme be not of the condycyon of frensshemen ; what wyl they do in 
 Englande? when y englysshme were in Fraunce, and ouer rode theyr countreys, the 
 they hyd themselfe in theyr fortresses, and fled before them as the larke dothe before y 
 hawke; and in the towne of Bruges, w^iere as moost resorte was of the frensshmen, they 
 murmured, and were redy for waggyng of a rysshe to make debate and stryfe, and al 
 began by the frensshe lakeys, who had beten and hurte some of the flemynges: so that 
 yf the honest men of the towne had not armed them, and drawen into the market place 
 to appease the ryot, there had not a lorde, knyght, nor squyer, of Fraunce haue scaped 
 vnslayne, for the comon people of the towne bare a grudge in theyr myndes lor the ba- 
 tayle of Rosebeque, where theyr faders, bretherne, and frendes were slayne by the frenssh- 
 men. God sent thyder at that tyme for the frensshmen the lorde of Guystell, who as 
 then was at Bruges: when he vnderstode howe y comons wente to barneys, he fered all 
 sholde be lost without remedy ; howbeit, he lepte on his hors, with v. or vi. with hym, 
 and rode into the stretes, and as he met with ony armed goynge to the market place 
 warde, he sayd to them, syrs, whether goo you, wyll you lose yourselfe, haue ye not 
 had warre ynoughe, so that ye haue moche a do to gete your lyuynge ? retourne into 
 your houses, there is nothynge to do, ye may put yourselfe and your towne in suche 
 ieoperdy that all shall be lost; do you not knowe how the frenssh kynge and all his 
 puyssaunce and arraye is here in this countrey ? Soo with fayre wordes he appeased 
 theym, and caused theym to retourne into theyr houses, whiche hadde not so lyghtly 
 haue ben done yf he had not ben there. The frensshmen there were in suche fere that 
 they closed themselfe in theyr lodgynges, there to abyde theyr aduenture. 
 
 Hoy 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 199 
 
 Howe the voijage into Englandc was broken by reason of the vyncles and of wynter, 
 and by counsayle of the duke of Berre. 
 
 C A P. LIX.' 
 
 SO fynally the duke of Berre came to Slusc to the kyno;e, and the kynge sayd to hym? 
 a, fayre vncle, how gretely I haue desyred to se you ; why hnue yon taryed so long • 
 we had ben as nowe in Enp;hinde and touj^lit with our enemyes, if ye liad hen come" 
 the duke began to smyle and to exscuse hymselfe, and shewed not inconlynenl whatlaye 
 in his harte ; fyrst he thought he wokle se what prouysyon and ordenaunce was made, 
 and to se the nauey that Avas named so goodly. Soo they were there a vii. dayes, that 
 euery daye it was sayd we shall departe to morowe ; howbeit, surely the wynde was soo 
 contrary that in no wyse they coulde sayle into Englande: wynter was well on, it was 
 past saynt Andrewes tyde, it was no good season for so many noble men to take the see: 
 and many of theyr shyppes were redy crossed'' in a redynes to departe, some were in 
 theyr shyppes to be the formest sholde passe, as syr Robert, and syr Phylyp Artoys, 
 syr Henry of bare, syr Peter of Nauare, and dyuers other. Then the kynges coijsayle 
 drewe togyder to se howe they sholde perceyuer in theyr iourney, but the duke of 
 Berre brake all, and shewed so many reasons reasonable, that suche as had moost de- 
 syre to goo were gretely dyscouraged; he sayd it was a grete foly to counsayle the 
 frensshe kynge, who in a maner was but a chylde, to take the see in that season of the 
 yere, and to go fyght with suche people as we knowe not theyr condycyon, nor the way 
 thyder: and as it is sayd it is an euyll coiitrey to make wane in, for thoughe we were 
 al there a lande. yet they woide not fyght with vs but when they lyst, and we dare not 
 then leue our prouysyon behynde vs, for yf we do it wyl be lost; and they that wyl 
 make suche a voyage so ferre of, hath nede tobegyn in the harte of y yere, and not in 
 wynter; call all the maryners togyder, and loke yf they wyl not saye that my wordes 
 be good ? for thoughe we be as nowe a thousande and v. hundred shyppes, yet or we 
 come there we shal not be iii. hundred; then beholde what peryll we sholde put our- 
 selfe in I I saye it not bycause I woIde haue the iourney lefte, but I speke it by wave 
 of counsayle ; and syth that the moost parte of the royalme enclyneth to this iourney, 
 therfore fayre broder of Borgoyne, I wolde that you and I sholde go, but I wolde not 
 counsayle that the kynge sholde goo, for yf ony mysfortune sholde fall, it shal be layde 
 to vs. Well, sayd y frensshe kynge, who was present at all those wordes, yf none 
 wyll go, I wyll go. Then the lordes began to smyle, and sayd, the kynge hath a cou- 
 ragyous wyll ; howbeit, they toke counsayle to deferre that voyage tyll Aprell or May 
 nexte after, and theyr prouysyons, as Bysquet, powdred flesshe, and wyne, sholde be 
 keptesaufely tyll then : and there they ordeyned that the lordes and theyr companyes 
 sholde retourne thyder agayne in the moneth of Marclse: anone this was knowen, and 
 so brake the voyage for that season, }" whiclie cost the royalme of Fraunce a CM.. 
 fiankes xxx. tyme tolde. 
 
 ' This chapter ought to be numbered LXI. " " Were making cruises." 
 
 Howe 
 
200 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 Howe ki/nge Charles of Fraunce and the frensshe lordes rclonrned euyll contente fro 
 Sluse, and out of Flannders, where as ihei/r prouysyons }i'ere made, to haue gone 
 into the royalme of Englande ; and of the feest that was made at London. 
 
 CAP. LX/ 
 
 AS ye haue herde before, there was made a grete apparell in Fraunce by the kynge 
 there, and the lordes, with grete cost and charge, with sliyppes and galayes, to passe 
 the see into Enghmde, to make warre there ; and liowe this voyage was broken by wether, 
 and bycause y wynter was so nere hande. Then it was ordeyned by the counsayle that 
 the kynge and the lordes sholde letourne, euery man to his owne home, and euery 
 thynge to abyde in the same slate vnto the moneth ol "Marche or Aprell, and then euery 
 man to be redy at the kynges commaundement. 
 
 Then there myght well haue ben seene lordes and knyghtes soore dyspleased, and 
 specyally suche as were of farre coutreys, and had sore trauayled theyr bodyes and 
 spente theyr money, in trust to haue had a good season, as the erle of Sauoy, the erie 
 ofArmyuake, and the erle Daulphyn of Auuergne, and a C. other grete lordes, that 
 departed in grete dyspleasure, bycause they had not ben in Englande ; in lykewyse so 
 dyd the frensshe kynge, but as thenne he coulde not amende it. 
 
 So thus departed all maner of people, some mery, and some gretely dyspleased and 
 angry ; and the offycers abode styll there behynde, for too make shyfte to sell theyr 
 prouysyons for theyr maysters profyte, and to take money for them yf they myght, but 
 they wyst not to whome nor where, for it that coste a hundred irankes, was solde for x. 
 frankes, and for lesse money. The erle Dalphyn of Awuei'gne sayd vnto me, that by 
 his faythe he hadde there prouysyons, the whiche coste hym ten thousande frankes, 
 and when he retourned homewarde agayne he lost all togyther ; and soo sayd many 
 kyghtes and squyers, and other people of Fraunce. 
 
 And when these tydynges were knowen in the royalme of Englande, some were ryght 
 ioyfuU and gladde therof, as suche people that doubted the Frensshe mennescommynge ; 
 and some were angry and dyspleased therwith, whiche was suche people as thought to 
 haue some promocyon and profyte by them. 
 
 So thenne there was made at the cyte of London a grete feest, and thyther came all 
 the lordes, suche as hadde kepte the portes and passages of the royalme of Eng- 
 lande. 
 
 And then the kynge helde also a noble feest at Westmynstre on Crystmasse day, and 
 there were thre dukes made. 
 
 Fyrste, the erle of Cambrydge was made the duke of Yorke ; the erle of Buckyngham 
 his broder, was made duke of Glocestre ; and the thyrde was the erle of Oxenforde, 
 and he was made the duke of Irelande. This feest endured with grete reuellees and 
 tryumphes. 
 
 So thus the people of the royalme of Englande, (as they thought themselfe,) that they 
 hadde escaped a grete peryll : and thenne dyuers of them sayd amonge themselfe that 
 they woldeneuer sette more by the frensshemen, and they thought that all the assemble 
 of the Frensshemen that was made at Sluse was but to fere the Englysshemen, and to 
 to haue caused the duke of Lancastre and his company to retourne agayne out of 
 Spayne. 
 
 Howe 
 
 ° This chapter ought to be numbered LXII. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 201 
 
 Howe a squyer called Jaques le Grys was accused in the parlyament house at Parys 
 before all the lordes there present, by a kni/ght called John of Carongue, and what 
 Jugement was gyuen vpon them ; and howe they Justed at vtteraunce in Parys, 
 in *« place called saynt Kalheryne, behynde the temple ; and howe Jaques le Grys 
 xuas confounded. 
 
 CAP. LXI/ 
 
 IN this tyme grete brute ther was in Fraunce, and in the lowe marches, of a feate of 
 armes that sholde be done at Parys in vtteraunce, for soo the matter was Judged in the 
 parlyament chambre at Parys : the whiche plee hadde endured a yere bytwene these two 
 partyes, the one was a squyer called Jaques le Grys, and the other partye was a knyght 
 called Johnof Carongne, and they were bothe of the lande and housholde of the erle 
 Peter of Alanson, and they were wel byloued of theyr lorde, and specyally this squyer 
 Jaques le Grys was byloued, and trysted with his lorde aboue ony other persone in his 
 courte or housholde ; and bycause that mortall batayle folowed bytwene them, and they 
 beynge bothe of one lordes housholde, euery man hadde grete meruayle therof : soo that 
 out otdyuers countreys grete multytude of people came to Parys at the daye of batayle 
 for to se it. I shall shewe you the hole matter as I was then enfourmed. 
 
 Soo it was that on a season this knyght, called Johfi of Carongne, toke an entrepryse 
 vpon hym to goo ouer the see for the auauncement of his honoure, wherevnto he hadde 
 ben longe tyme to accomplysshe. 
 
 Soo he departed from his lorde the erle of Alanson, to doo his voyage, and also he 
 toke his leue of his wyfe, who as then was reputed a fayre lady and a yonge, and he 
 lefte her in a castell of his owne on the marches of Perche, otherwyse called Argentuell, 
 and so entred into his voyage, and his wyfe laye styll at her castell in a wyse and sage 
 maner. 
 
 Soo here beganne the matter by the deuylles temptacyon, whiche entred into the 
 body of the squyer Jaques le Grys, who was with the erle of Alanson his lorde, for he 
 was as one of his counsayle. And so he determyned in his mynde to doo an euyll dede, 
 whiche he derely bought afterwarde ; howbeit, the euyll that he dyd coulde neuer be 
 proued in hym, nor he wolde neuer confesse it. This squyer Jaques le Grys sette his 
 mynde on the wyfe of the foresayd knyght John of Carongne, in the absence of her hus- 
 bande, and he knewe well that she was in the castell of Argentuell, but with her owne 
 company and housholde seruauntes. 
 
 And soo on a mornynge he toke a good hors and departed from Alanson, and so rode 
 on the spurres with grete haste tyli he came to the ladyes castell ; and when he was 
 thyder come, the ladyes seruauntes made hym good chere, bycause theyr mayster and 
 he were companyons and felowes togyder, and serued bothe one lorde and mayster; 
 and as for the lady she thought none euyll in hym, for she knewe nothynge of his en- 
 tente, nor wherfore he was come thyther ; howbeit, swetely she receyued hym, and 
 ledde hym into her chambre, and shewed liym parte of her busynes. Then this squyer, 
 Jaques le Grys, to accomplysshe his folysshe appetyte, desyred the lady that he myghte 
 se the dongeon, for he sayd it was a grete parte of his comynge thyder to se it. The 
 lady lyghtly graunted hym his desyre ; and soo she and he wente thyder all alone, and 
 nother chamberer nor varlet entred with them, for the lady had noo mystrust in hym of 
 ony dyshonoure: and as sone as they were entred into the dongeon, Jaques le Grys 
 
 Vol. II. 2D closed 
 
 ' This chapter ought to be numbered LXIII. 
 
202 THE GRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 closed the doore after tlieyni : the lady knewe not tlierof, lor she wente on before, and 
 thougTit that the wynde liad shotte the dore; and so when they were togyder thus alone, 
 Jaques toke the lady in his amies and embraced her, and dyscouered to her his entent: 
 the lady was sore asbasshed and wolde gladly haue gone to the dore, but she coulde not 
 for he was a bygge man, and so layde her downe on the carpet, and so by force dyd his 
 pleasure with her ; and when he had done what he lyst he opened the dore and so de- 
 parted ; and the lady sore dyspleased and abasshed of y adueture, taryed styl alone in 
 the donieon: but at the knyghtes departed she sayd wypynge, Jaket, Jaket, ye haue 
 not well done thus to shame me, but the blame shall not rest on me, but on you, yf god 
 suffie my husbande ones to retourne home agayne. Soo Jaket toke his horse and de- 
 parted, and rode agayne to his mayster the erle of Alanson, and was there at his rysynge 
 aboute ix. of the clocke: and at iiii. of y clocke in the mornynge he was sene there be- 
 fore. I shall shewe you why I speke these wordes, bycause of the grete plee that folow- 
 ed after, for y comyssaryes of the parlyament of Parys had the matter in examynacyon. 
 Thus the lady of Carongne abode styl in her castel after this sorowfull deed was done 
 to her, and dyscouered the matter to no creature, but kepte her sorowe as secrete as she 
 myght, for she sawe wel to speke as then therof, she myght haue more blame then ho- 
 noure ; but she remembred well the day, houre, and tyme, that the dede was doone : 
 and soo after the tyme came that the lorde of Carongne came home from his voyage, 
 the lady his wyfe made hym good chere ; the day passed and the nyght came, and the 
 knyght wente to bedde, and the lady wolde not, wherof the knyghthad grete meruayle, 
 and often desyred her to come to bedde, and euer she blessyd her, and walked vp and 
 downe the chambre studyenge and musynge ; fynally, when all her seruauntes were 
 gone to bedde, then she came to her husbande, and fell downe on her knees, and la- 
 mentably shewed hym all her aduenture : the knyght coulde not byleue her ; howbeit, 
 the lady sayd soo moche that he agreed well that it was so, and sayd, certaynly lady, 
 syth y matter is so as ye shewe me, I pardon you, but the knyght shall dye for his dede, 
 by the aduyse and counsayle of my frendes and youres ; and yf your wordes be founde 
 vntrue, ye shall neuer come in my company. The lady euer more and more certefyed 
 hym that it was true. So that night passed. The nexte daye the knyght wrote many 
 letters, and sente them to all his wyfTes frendes, and also to his owne, soo that in a 
 shorte tyme they were all come and assembled togyder at the castell of Argentuell ; and 
 when they were all in a chambre, then he began to shewe them the cause why he hadde 
 sent for them, and there made his wyfe to shewe them all the matter fro poynte to 
 poynte, wherof they all hadde grete meruayle: so there he demaunded of the counsayle; 
 and he was counsayled that he sholde drawe to his lorde the erle of Alanson, and shewe 
 hym all the matter; and soo he dyd. And the erle, who gretely loued this foresayd 
 Jaques le Grys, wolde not byleue hym, and soo gaue daye to the partyes to be before 
 hym at a day lymytted; and also he commaunded that the lady that hadde appeched 
 Jaques le Grys, sholde be there presente, for to shewe the more playnly the trouthe of 
 the matter ; and soo she was with a grete nombre of her lygnage ; soo the pletynge was 
 grete and longe in the eries presence. And Jaques le Grys was accused of his dede by 
 the knyght the lorde of Carongne, by relacyon of his wyfe, who shewed there the case 
 as it was fallen. Jaques le Grys exscused hymselfe, sayenge, howe he was not gylty 
 therin ; and the lady layde it sore to his charge, and he euer denyed it, and hadde mer- 
 uayle by his wordes why the lady dyd hate hym ; he proued by them of the erle of 
 Alansons house, that the same daye at foure of the clocke in the mornynge he was sene 
 there in his maysters castell ; and his mayster sayd andaffyrmed that at ix. of the clocke 
 he was with hym at his vp-rysynge, wherfore the erle sayd it was not possyble for hym 
 to go and come, and to do that dede in foure houres and an halfe, to ryde xxiii. myles f 
 
 wherfore 
 
 * Leagues. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSAKT. 203 
 
 wherfore the erie sayd to the lady howe she dyd but dreame it ; vvherfore he wolde 
 maynteync his squyer, and comniaunded the hidy to speke noo more of the matter: 
 but the knyght, who was of grete courage, and well trusted and byieued his wyfe, 
 wolde not agree to that oppyiiyon, but soo wente to Parys, and shewed the matter there 
 at the parlyanient, and there appeled Jaques le Grys, who appered and answered to 
 his appele, and there layde in pledges to accomplysshe the ordcnaunce of the par- 
 lyament. 
 
 The plee bytwene them endured more then a yere and an halfe, and they coulde not 
 be agreed, for the foresayd knyght helde hymselfe sore of the iuforniacyon of his wyfe: 
 andbycause the matter was so sore publysshed abrode, he sayd he wolde maynteyne 
 his quarell to the dethe : wherwith the erIe of Alanson was sore dyspleased with the 
 poore knyoht, and often tymes wolde haue had hym slayne, but that llie matter was in 
 theparlyament: so longe theyr plee endured, y the parlyauicnt determyned, bycause 
 the lady coulde make no profile agaynst Jaques" le Grys but by her owne wordes, that 
 there sholde be batayle at vtteraunce bytwene them ; and soo, on a day prefyxed, the 
 knyo-ht and his wyfe, and the bquyer beynge present. Judgement was gyuen, that the 
 nexte mondaye after, mortall batayle sholde be done bytwene the knyght and the 
 squyer, whiche was in the yere of our lorde god M.CCC.lxxx. and vii ; at whiche 
 tyme the freiisshe kynive and his lordes were at Sluse, to the entente to passe ouer the 
 see into Enaiande: and when the kyn^e herde of that matter howe a daye of batayle 
 was taken to be at Parys. the kynge sayd he wolde se that batayle bytwene the knyght 
 and tlie squyer: the duke of Berre, the duke of Burgoyne, the duke of Borbone, and 
 the constable of Fraunce, who had also grete desyre to se that batayle, sayd to the 
 kynge, syr, it is good reason that ye be there, and that it be done in your presence. 
 Then the kynge sent to Parys, comaundynge that the iourney and batayle bytwene the 
 squyer and y knyght sholde be relonged tyl his comynge to Parys ; and so his comaun- 
 dement was obeyed. 
 
 So the kynge then retourned fro Sluse, and holde the feest of Crystmas at Arras, 
 and the duke of Borgoyne at Lysle ; and in the meane season all other men of warre 
 passed and retourned into Fraunce, euery man to his place as it were ordeyned by 
 the marshalles, but the grete lordes retourned to Parys to se the sayd batayle. Thus 
 the kynge and his vncles and the constable came to Parys. Then the lystes were made 
 in a place called saynt Katheryne, behynde the temple ; there was soo moche people, 
 that it was meruayle to beholde ; and on the one syde of the lystes there was made grete 
 scaffoldes, that the lordes myght the better se the batayle of the ii. champyons ; and so 
 they bothe came to the felde armed at all peaces, and there eche of them was set in 
 theyr chayre : the erle of saynt Poule gouerned Johfi of Carongne, and the erle of 
 Alansons company with Jaques le Grys ; and when the knyght entred into the felde, he 
 came to his wyfe, who was there syttynge in a chayre, couered in blacke, and he sayd 
 to her thus: Dame, by your enformacyon and in your quarell I do put my lyfe in ad- 
 uenture as to fyght with Jaques le Grys ; ye knowe if the cause be iust and true. Syr, 
 sayd the lady, it is as I haue sayd ; wherfore ye maye fyght surely, the cause is good 
 and true. With those wordes the knyghte kyssed the lady, and toke her by the hande, 
 and then blessyd hym, and soo entred into the felde. The lady sate styll in the blacke 
 chayre, in her prayers to god and to the vyrgyne Mary, humbly prayenge them, by theyr 
 specyall grace, to sende her husbande the vyctory accordynge to the ryght he was in: 
 this lady'was in grete heuynes, for she was not sure of her lyfe: for yf her husbande 
 sholde haue ben dyscomfyted, she was Judged without remedy to be brente, and her 
 husbande hanged. I can not say whether she repented her or not y the matter was so 
 forwarde, that bothe she and her husbande were in grete peryll ; howbeit, fynally she 
 
 2 D 2 must 
 
204 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 must as then abyde the aduenture. Then these two champyons were set one agaynst 
 another, and so mounted on theyr horses, and behaued them nobly, for they knewe 
 what perteyned todeades of amies; there were many lordes and knyghtes of Fraunce 
 that were come thyder to se that batayle : y two champyons lusted at theyr fyrst metyng, 
 but none of them dyd hurte other ; and after the Justes they lyghted on foote to per- 
 fourme theyr batayle, and soo fought valyauntiy : and fyrst, John of Carongne was hurte 
 in the tliyghe, wherby al his frendes were in grete fere; but after that he fought so 
 valyauntiy, that he bette downe his aduersary to the erthe, and threst his swerde in his 
 body, and soo slewe hym in the felde ; and then he demaunded yf he had done his de- 
 uoyre or not ; and they answered, that he hadde valyauntiy acheued his batayle. Then 
 Jaques le Grys was delyuered to the hangman of Parys, and he drewe hym to the gybet 
 of Mountfawcon, and there hanged hym vp. Then John of Carongne came before the 
 kynge, and kneled downe, and y kynge made hym to stande vp before iiym, and the 
 same daye the kynge caused to be delyuered to hym a thousande frankes, and reteyned 
 hym to be of his cliambre, with a pencyon of ii. hundred pounde by the yere durynge 
 the terme of his lyfe: then he thanked the kynge and the lordes, and wente to his wyfe 
 and kyssed her, and then they wente togyder to the chyrche of our Lady in Parys, and 
 made theyr offerynge, and then retourned to theyr lodgynges : then this syr John of 
 Carongne taryed not longe in Fiaunce, but wente with syr Jolin Boucequaut, syr John 
 of Bordes, and syr Loys Grat ; all these wente to se and vysyte the holy sepulture, and 
 to se Lamorabaquyn," of whome in those dayes there was moche spekynge ; and with 
 them wente Robonet of Bolowne, a squyer of honoure with the Frensshe kynge, who in 
 his dayes made many voyages aboute in the worlde. 
 
 Ho\y the kyng of Aragon dyed, and Iiowe the archebysslioppe of Burdeaus was setu 
 
 in prison in Barcelona. 
 
 CAP. LXI." 
 
 THE same season, aboute Caadelmas, kynge Peter of Aragon fell syke in his bed; 
 and when he sawe y he sholde dye, he caused his two sonnes to come before hym, John 
 the elder, and Marlyne duke of Blasmont in Aragon, and sayd to them, fayre sones, 
 1 ieue you in good poynte, and all the busynes of the royalme standeth well and clere ; 
 kepe peas and loue bytwene you, and kepe fayth and honoure eche to other, ye shall 
 doo the better; as for the feates of the chyrche, accordynge to my conscyence, and for 
 the moost sure way, I haue alwayes holden the newtralyte bytwene y ii. popes, and so I 
 wolde ye sholde do, tyl the determynacyon bytwene them apere more clerely. The two 
 sones answered and sayd, syr, gladly we shall obey that ye commaunde and ordeyne, as 
 it is reason : thus in this case dyed kynge Peter of Aragon, who had ben a ryght valy- 
 aunt prynce in his dayes, and gretely had augmented the crowne and royalme of Ara- 
 gon, and had conquered the royalme of Mayiorke,'' and had anexed it to his owne 
 crowne ; and he was buryed in the good cyte of Barcelona, and there he lyeth ; and 
 ■when his dethe was knowen in Auygnon with pope Clement and his Cardynalles, they 
 wrote incontynent to y frensshe kynge and to his vncles, to the duke oi Barre and to the 
 duches, who was of theyr oppynyon, and they were fader and moder to the yonge 
 quene that sholde be in Aragon, the lady yolent ; and also they wrote to her that all 
 these sholde styre and moue the yonge kynge of Aragon to be of theyr opynyon. The 
 frensshe kynge, the duke of Bene, and the duke of Borgoyne sente into Aragon in lega- 
 
 cyon 
 
 ' Amurath. ^ This chapter ought to be numbered LXIIII. "^ Majorca, 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 205 
 
 cyon a cardynall to preche, and to styre the yorige kynge and his hroder and the people 
 of that royalme of Aration to take the oppyriyoii of Clement: the Cardynall dydde so 
 moche, with the ayde of the lady yolent of Bane, as ihen queue of Ara2,on, who gladly 
 enciyned to that way, bycaiise she was so instantly requyred therto by her lader and 
 moder, and by the frensshe kynne, and dukes of Rene and hurgoyne her cosyns, soo 
 that she brought the kynge and the royalme to be ol' the opynyon of pope Clement ; 
 howbeit, the kynge wolde haue ben styl a uewter, as his fader was. 
 
 In the same season that the kynge of Aragon thus dyed, there was at Barcelona the 
 archebysshoppe of Burdeaus, whome the duke of Lancastre had sente thyder in ambas- 
 sade. I shall shewe you the cause why. 
 
 The prynce of Wales, bycause he was duke and lorde of the countrey of Acquytayne, 
 and that all his neyghbours doubted hyni, as the Frensshe kynge, the kynge of Aragon, 
 the kynge of Spayne, and the kynge of Nauare, yea, and also kynges that were sarazyns, 
 that harde grete spekynge of hym^ for the good fortune and noble chyualrye that he was 
 of; and he hadde a certayne alyaunce and confyderacyon with kynge Peter of Aragon, 
 whiche leage was sworne and sealed bytwene them, and it was coufyrmed by the kynge 
 of Englande, fader to the prynce. 
 
 And amonge other thvnges it was comprysed, that the kynge of Englande nor the 
 duke and lorde of Acquytayne sholde make ony warre, nor consente to make ony 
 warre, agaynst the royalme of Aragon ; for the whiche the kynge of Aragon sware and 
 sealed, for hym and for his ayres, that euery yere he sholde serue the prynce of Ac- 
 quytayne with the nombre of fyue hundred speres, agaynst whosoeuer he hadde to 
 doo withall, or elles to sende vnto hym as moche money as sholde wage fyue huudreth 
 speres. 
 
 And soo it was that as then there was x. yeres rynne in arerages, that the kynge of 
 Aragon had payde nothyng, nor done ony seruyce to y kynge of Englande nor to his 
 deputyes ; and when the duke of Lancastre wente out of Englande, he hadde with hym 
 letters patentes, sealed with the grete seale of Englande, wlierby he was stablysshed to 
 be the kynges Lyeutenaunt in the marches of Burdeaus, Bayon, and Acquytayne ; and 
 the kynge gaue hym full puyssaunce and auctoryte royal 1 to demaunde all ryghtes and 
 due accyons, as well of the royalme of Aragon as elles where, and wolde that the duke 
 sholde haue y profyte without ony excepcyon, and what soo euer he dyd to be ferme 
 and stable : so thus whe the duke of Lancastre had ben a season in the towne of saynt 
 James in Galyce, he remembred hymselfe of the busynes of Aragon, and perceyued 
 well, by reason of his commyssyon, howe the kynge of Aragon was sore in his det in a 
 grete some of money, longe renne in arrerages, whiche he thought il he myght gete it 
 sholde gretelv ayde hym in his warres of Castell ; and soo he sente to the archebysshop 
 of Burdeaus and to syr Johii Harpedan, who was senesshall of all Burdeloys, com- 
 maundynge the bothe, or at the leest one of them, to go into Aragon to y kynge 
 there, and to shewe hym playnly howe he was in grete arrerages with the kynge oi Eng- 
 lande and with the duke of Acquytayne: the archebysshoppe and the Senesshall be- 
 helde well the duke of Lancastres letters, and soo toke counsayle togyder theron : and 
 there they determyned that it was best y the Senesshall sholde tary styll at Burdeaus, 
 and the bysshop to take on hym the charge of that voyage, and soo he dyd ; and he came 
 into Aragon in so euyll a season, that the kynge there laye syke and dyed ; and after 
 the kynges dethe, the archebysshop poursued his cause and folowed the kynges chyl- 
 dren and y counsayle of the royalme, who came to the kynges enterment to }' cyte of 
 Barcelona ; and this bysshop pursued his ambassade so eflectuously, that he was set in a 
 courtoyse pryson, so that he coulde not departe when he wolde : when these tydynges 
 came to Burdeaus to y senesshall there, he sayd, I thought neuer none otherwyse, for y 
 
 archebysshop 
 
S06 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 archebysshop is hasty and heedy ; I thynke nowe it had ben better that I had gone, for 
 I woldehaue spoken nioore niekely ; there is a maner thrughout all the worlde howe to 
 demaunde a mannes ryght: the senesshall sente these tydynges to tlie duke of Lancastre 
 into Galyce, who was therwith ryght sore dyspleased and euyil contente with the kyn<Te 
 of Aragon and his counsayle that they had put the archebysshop into pryson fordoynge 
 of his ainbassade: then the duke of Lancastre wrote to the conipanyons of the garyson 
 of Lourde, that they shoide make warre agaynst them of Barcellona, where as the arche- 
 bysshoppe of Burdeaus was in pryson. 
 
 John of Byerne, wlio was capytayne there and senesshall of Bygore, Pier Danchyn, 
 Ernalton of Resten, Ernalton of saynt Coloinbe, and other of the garyson of Lourde, 
 were gretely reioysed when they herde that tydynges, and then began to rynne into 
 the royalme of Aragon, to the portes of Barcelona, so that no nierchaunt durst go 
 abrode. 
 
 Also in Aragon there was another myschefe, for the yonge kynge John of Aragon 
 wolde haue ben crowned kynge of Aragon, but the good townes woide not consente 
 therto, without he sware fyrst solemply that he shoide neuer demaunde tayle, taxe, nor 
 inposycyon in all y countrey, and dyuers other thynges that he shoide swere and put it 
 in wrytynge, sealed, yf he wolde be crowned kynge: whiche thynge semed to hym and 
 to his counsayle to be ryght preiudycyall ; vvherfore he thretened to make them warre, 
 and specyally to them of the cyte of Barcelona, for the kynge sayd they were to ryche 
 and to prowde. 
 
 In the same season there was in Languedocke and on the fronters of Auuergue and 
 of Rouergue towarde Pezanas and y cyte of Duzes, a maner of men of armes called y 
 Rowtes, and they dayly multyplyed to do yuell, and iiii. men of armes were capy- 
 taynes, who demaunded warre agaynst euery man, they cared not agaynst whom ; theyr 
 names were Peter of Mount fawcon, GefFray Chastelyer, Haingue de forge,' and the 
 goulent: they had a foure hundreth men vnder them, who ryfled and pylled the coun- 
 trey where as they were conuersaunt ; and when they were enfourmed that y arche- 
 bysshop of Bordeaux was in pryson in Aragon, and that the duke of Lancastre was not 
 contente with the Aragonoys, and also that the kynge of Aragon was euyll pleased 
 with the good townes of his royalme and countrey ; and they were of these tydynges 
 gretely reioysed, for suche people as they were are rather pleased with euyll dedes 
 then with good. They toke counsayle bytwene them, and determyned to approche to 
 Aragon, and to gete some forterers on those fronters, thynkynge then that the duke of 
 Aragon or elles some of y good townes wolde entreate with the to theyr profyte: so 
 they rode costynge the countrey, and set theyr myndes to gete yf they myght the castel 
 of Dulcen,'' beynge in y archbysshopryche of Narbone, bytwene the royalme of Ara- 
 gon and Fraunce, on the departynge of bothe royalmes ; they came thyder at suche a 
 poynte and by nyght, that they founde it but symply watched nor kepte ; they dyd soo 
 moche y they wan it, and were lordes therof, wherby al the countrey was afrayde, and 
 specyally they of Parpygnen, for it was but iiii. legges thens ; also they of Lourde gate 
 y same weke a castel in Aragon, a iiii. legges fro Barcelona, called the olde castell of 
 Rolbays, perteynynge to the countesse of Castell Boze," cosyn germayne to the erle of 
 Foys. The lady was gretely abasshed when her castell was so taken ; she sente to her 
 cosyn, the erle of Foys, desyrynge hym for goddes sake to rendre agayne to her the sayd 
 castell, w hicbe they of his coutrey of Berne had taken fro her : y erle sent to her y she 
 shoide not be afrayde for ony thynge, certefyenge her y it was taken but al onely to 
 make war agaynst the of Barcelona, who helde in pryson for a smal cause y bysshop of 
 
 Burdeaus, 
 
 ' Hainge des gorge. * Duren, or Durban. "= Castel-bon. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 207 
 
 Burdeaus, sayenge, howe she sholde haue it lyslit^vell ngayne without ony domage: ^ 
 lady was well peased with his answere, and dyssynniled the matter, and went and lay 
 at another castell nere to Roquebertin; and they of tlie castell of Rolbays, and of 
 Dulcen,' and of Lourde made sore warre on the fronters of Aragon; and, to say the 
 trouth, the kynge there dyssymuled y matter, to chastyse therby y good townes y 
 were agaynst hy'm ; so that y good townes were soredysplcased with the kynge, for tliey 
 of Barcelona, of Perpygneii, and of other townes, coulde not exercyse theyr mercliau- 
 dyse, bnt they were taken and launsoined: then they of Barcelona aduysed to delyiier 
 the archebysshop of Burdeaus out of pryson, and for his delyueraunce to speke with 
 the kynge, as it was reason ; and soo pryuely by a meane they treated with the kynges 
 broder, syr Martyne duke of Blasemont, who was gretly in y grace of all y people, de- 
 syrynge hym to be meane to the kynge his broder, y they myght be in peas \V them of 
 Lourde and of Rolbays: he promysed them to do his best to kepe them in his fauoure, 
 and he dyd so moche with the kynge his broder, that the archebysshop of burdeaus 
 was delvuered out of pryson and sente into Burdeloys ; and anone after the erle of Foys 
 dyd so moche, that the vycountesse recouered agayne her castel, and suche as heide it 
 departed : this seruyce dyd the erle of Foys that yere to the duke of Lancastre. 
 
 When the kynge of Aragon sawe that the countesse of castell Boze'' had soo scone 
 agayne recouered her castell, he sent for her, and she came to hym ; then the kynge 
 layde to her charge howe she had suffered y englysshmen to entre into her castell to 
 make warre to his royalme, saynge how she had done to hym a grete trespace. The 
 lady truely excused her, and sayd, syr, as god knoweth, and by the fayth I owe to 
 you, the day and houre that tydynges came to me of y takynge of my castell by the of 
 Lourde, I neuer had before no treaty w the englysshme ; but, syr, incotynent I sent to 
 my cosyn, y erle of Foys, prayng hym for goddes sake to gete me agayne my castell, 
 seynge that they y had gotten it were of his countrey of Byerne, and were yssued out of 
 Lourde ; and the erle sente to me, and bad me not double, sayenge how the takyng of it 
 was but to make warre agaynst them of Barcelona. Wei, sayd y kynge, proue your 
 wordes by your cosyn the erle of Foys, and ye shall enioy peasybly styll your castell. 
 With a good wyl, syr, sayd y lady : she sent to her cosyn, the erle of Foys, who was at 
 Ortays in Byerne, prayng hym to apease the matter with y kynge of Aragon. The 
 erle then sent letters to y kynge by a knyght of his, called syr Cycarte of Saurelyn, de- 
 syrynge the kynge to suffre his cosyn the vycountes to be in peas and to lyue in rest 
 vnderhym, or elles surely he wolde dysplease hym. The kynge of Aragon toke the 
 excusacyons in gre, and made grete chere to the erles knyght, and sayd howe the coun- 
 tesse had but wel done, syth her cosyn the erle of Foys dyd so largely excuse her. 
 Thus the lady lyued in peas, but the merchauntes of Barcelona and of y' fronters there 
 aboute were not in no rest for thtrm of Lourde, but often tymes were taken and pylled, 
 without they were agreed and patesed with them ; and so they had dyuers in Castellon 
 and in Aragon: in lykewyse so dyd they of y garyson of Dulcen," and dyd worse then 
 they dyd before, for they were more egre and ouer ran y countrey of Aragon then they 
 of Lourde dyd, bycause they were poore, they cared not whom they toke, as well 
 offycers of the kynges and squyers as merchauntes, soo that the kynges counsayle toke 
 aduyse, bycause the good townes murmured and sayd howe the kynge dystroyed them, 
 and he ought to susteyne them. 
 
 When the yonge kynge of Aragon vnderstode y his men murmured and spake of 
 hym otherwyse then they sholde do, bycause of them of the garyson of Dulcen," he was 
 therwith sore dyspleased, bycause he was newly fallen to his faders herytage, who was 
 
 so 
 
 * Duren, or Durban. I Castel-bon. 
 
208 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 so well byloued in his royalme of all his people : then he spake to a cosyn of his, a grete 
 baron in Aragon, syr Raymon of Baghes,^ and sayd, syrRaymon, I desyre you to ryde 
 to Dulcen,'' and demaunde of them that be there what thyng they desyre of me or of my 
 royalme. and trete so with them that they may departe thes, outher by fayrnes or other- 
 wyse. The knyght departed, and sente to Dulcen'' an heraulde before hym, shewyn^e 
 them howe he wolde trete witli them. When Mountfawcon and le Goulus' and the 
 other capytaynes vnderstode that syr Raymon of Baghes" wolde trete with them, (hen 
 they thought at the leest to gete some money, and sayd to the heraulde, syr, saye to your 
 mayster fro vs, that he maye come to vs surely, for we wyll no hurte to hym. The he- 
 raulde retourned to syr Raymon, who vpon his wordes departed fro Paregant,'* and 
 came to Dulcen,'' and demanded of them why they taryed there on y fronters of Ara- 
 gon. They answered and sayd, we abyde here the army of fraunce y sholde go into 
 Castel to go in copany with them. A, syrs, sayd syr Raymon, yf ye tary therfore ye 
 shall abyde a grete season. The kynge of Aragon wyll not retayne you so lonne, nor 
 yet the countrey suflTre you so longe. Well, syr, sayd they, if he wyll not enterteyne 
 vs so longe we can not do Avithall, yet we must lyue; yf he or the countrey wyll by tliis 
 our garyson, we wyll departe, or elies not. Well, sayd syr Raymon, what wyll ye 
 desyre to departe ? They answered, l.\. M. frankes : we be iiii. capytaynes, that is to 
 eche of vs xv. M. frankes. In the name of god, sayd syr Raymon, that is money 
 ynoughe: I wyll speke with the kynge; and so departed, and sayd it were better for 
 the comon profyte of y countre that the kynge payde that money, then to take a greter 
 domage ; and that he sayd to appease them: howbeit, he thought the contrary. 
 
 Thus he departed fro them, and gaue them vnderstandynge that they sholde haue as 
 moche as they desyred and more, and rode to the kynge to Perpyghnen, and shewed 
 hym what these py4lers desyred. Well, sayd y kynge, it is behoueable that y countrey 
 be delyuered of them, and that they be payde as tlieues and brybours sholde be payde; 
 yfl may gete them, they shall be hanged; other payment gete they none of me ; but 
 all the dyffyculte is, how to gete them out of theyr garyson. Syr, sayd syr Raymon, y 
 shall be done ryght well ; let them alone. Well, sayd the kynge, doo as ye thynke 
 best; I wyll medle no more iherin, but that I wolde they were delyuered out of the 
 countrey. Then on a day syr Raymon gathered a company togyder of men of amies, 
 a V. hundred speres, secretly, and made a squyer of Gascoyne capytayne, a valyaunt 
 man of armes, calted Nandon Seghen, and layde them in a busshment within a lytell 
 myle of Dulcen,'' and sayd to them, syrs, when they of the garyson yssue out, do so 
 that they may all be taken or slayne, that the countrey maye be clene ryd of them. 
 Then syr Raymon sente to them of Dulcen,'' that they sholde lepe on theyr horses and 
 yssue out and rynne before y towne of Perpyghnen, to put the vyllaynes therof in fere, 
 elles they wolde not obey nor gyue nothynge. They of Dulcen" were ryght ioyfull of 
 these tydynges, thynkynge that all had ben trouth, and so armed them the same day 
 that the busshment was layde for them, and so departed fro the garyson and rode towarde 
 Perpyghnen, and so came to the barryers and made theyr musters; and in theyr re- 
 tournynge, thynkynge to haue passed surely in peas, when they were in the myddes of 
 the way, they Avere sodaynly encountred by Nandon Seghnen and his company, to the 
 nombre of v. C. speresi, and so dasshed in amonge them ; then they saw wel howe they 
 were dysceyued and trapped ; and then they drewe togyder, and fought as longe as 
 they myght endure, whiche was not longe, for there were many of them were euyll 
 armed, and so shortely they were dyscomfyted. There was slayne GefTray Chastelyer, 
 Hange desorge, Guyot Moresque, Johfi de Gueulant, and many other; and there was 
 taken Peter of Mountfawcon, Amlardan of saynt Just, and a xl. other, and brought 
 
 prysoners 
 
 ^ Bachez. *■ Duren. ' Le Goulent. '' Perpignan. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 209 
 
 prysoners to Peipyghnen ; and as they passed thrughe the stretes, they of y towne 
 yssued out of theyr houses, and halowed after them as tlioughe they had ben wohies, 
 and so they were set in prysones. The same season the duke of Berre was come to Car- 
 cassone, and on y fronters of Aragon ; he came fro Auygnyon fro tlie pope, and there 
 he herde howe they of Dulcen'' were slayne and taken ; then he wrote to the kynge of 
 Aragon, and to his cosyne, yolant of Bare, desyrynge them to sende Peter of Mount- 
 fawcon and his company, who incontynent were delyuered and sente to the duke of 
 Berre ; that grace y duke dyd to them, or elles they had all dyed. 
 
 Howe a batayle of amies was done at Burdeaus, before the seneshall there and dyuers 
 
 other. 
 
 CAP. LXII." 
 
 THE same season there was at Burdeaus a feate of amies done l>efore the seneshall, 
 syr John Harpedon, and other, bytwene the lorde of Rochfoucaulte, a frensshma, sone 
 to the captall of Buze" Suster, and syr wyllyam of Mountferant, an Englysshman, to 
 rynne iii. courses Avith iii. speres, iii. strokes with a sworde, iii. with a dagger, and iii. 
 with an axe. This dede of armes was done before y lordes and ladyes of y countrey 
 then beynge at Burdeaus. The erle of Foys sente thyder knyghtes of his house to serue 
 and to counsayle y lorde of Rochfoucaulte, sone to his cosyn germayne ; and also he 
 sent to hym good horse and barneys, spere heedes, daggers, swordes, and axes ; how- 
 beit, he was ryght well purueyed of them before : on a day these ii. knyghtes armed 
 them wel, accompanyed with grete cheualry on eyther partye. The lorde of rochfou- 
 caulte had in his company a CC. knyghtes and squvers, all of his lygnage, and syr wyl- 
 lyam of Mountferant had as many or mo ; with hym was the lorde of Rohen, the lorde of 
 Lespare, the lorde Duras, the lorde of Curton, the lorde of Languran, the lorde de la 
 Barde, the lorde of Mountcroyal in Pyergourt,'' and all were of his lygnage. 
 
 Bycause this feate of armes sholde be done bytwene suche ii. noble and valyaut 
 knyghtes, many came thyder to se them farre and nere : when these two knyghtes were 
 mounted on theyr horses, w theyr helmes and targes redy apparelled, theyr speres 
 were delyuered them, and ranne togyder fyersly, and encoiitred eche other on theyr 
 helmes, that y bocle brake, and their helmes stryken of theyr heedes into the felde, and 
 so passed forth theyr course, bare heeded, excepte theyr coyues.' The all the lordes 
 and ladyes sayd, and euery man to other, howe they hadde nobly encountred at theyr 
 fyrst metynge ; then theyr helmes were newe set on and fastened, and so they ranne 
 valyauntly theyr ii. course, and also the iii. ; breuely, al theyr feates were nobly accom- 
 plysshed, to the grete pleasure of all the lordes and ladyes and other regarders ; and 
 euery man sayd howe eche of them hadde valyauntly acheued theyr feates; and the 
 seneshall of Burdeaus, syr Johii Harpedon, gaue the same daye a supper to them, and 
 to al the lordes and ladyes y were there presente : and the nexte daye euery man wente 
 to theyr owne herytages, and the lorde of Rochfoucaulte ^repayred hymselfe to go into 
 Castell, for the kynge John there had sente for hym, and the season drewe nere: and 
 syr Wyllyam of Mountferant ordeyned to go into Portyngale, for the kynge there had 
 also sent for hym. 
 
 In suche a noble hystory as this is, whiche I, syr Johii Froysart, haue pursued hyther- 
 
 to, and that god hath sent me that grace to lyue so longe to se so many thynges as I 
 
 Vol. II. 2 E haue 
 
 ' Duren. >> This chapter ought to be numbered LXV. ' De Buch. ' Perigord,' 
 
 ' Caps under their helmets. 
 
210 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 haue done, then it were noo reason that I shokle Corgete out ony thynge that I haue 
 knowen to be done : and bycause tliat by y wanes ot" Biytayne^ the ii. sones of Charles of 
 bloys, who of longe season called hymselfe dnke of Bretayne, by maryage of f lady 
 Jahan of Bretayne, who on'j;ht to haue ben ryghtful enherytour of Bretayne, as it hath 
 ben shewed before in this hystory, whose sones were in Englande in hostage for theyr 
 iader; as yet I haiie made no niencyon of them where they became, nor how they came 
 out of pryson and daunger of tlie kynge of Englande, wherin theyr fader, y lorde 
 Charles of Bloys, had lefte them: ye knowe wel, and it hath ben wryten here before, 
 howe kynge Edwarde of englande, to make his warre of fratice the fayrer and stronger, 
 he alyed hymselfe w the erie of Montfurde, and alvvayes dyd counsayle and ayde hym 
 to his power, and dyd soo moche, that the erle of Monforde came to his entente, and 
 was duke of Bretayne ; otherwyse he coulde neuer haue come therto, for in Bretayne y 
 lorde Charles of Bloys of vii. he had euer v. on his party: it hath ben shewed before, 
 howe in the yere of our lorde a M.CCC. and xlvii. there was a grete batayle in Bre- 
 tayne,^ before the Ree doryent,'' where the countesse of Mountfordes party, as syr John 
 of Harcell' and other, dyscomfyted syr Charles of Bloys, and there he was taken pry- 
 soner and led into englande, where he had good chere: for the quene of Englande, y 
 good quene Phylyp, whos seruaunt I was in myne yongth, she Avas of ryghtfull gouer- 
 nacyon cosyn germayne to y lorde Charles of Bloys, and she dyd put to her payne for 
 his delyuerauce ; howbeit, the counsayle of Englande wolde not that he sholde be dely- 
 uered : the duke Henry of Lancastre sayd, and other lordes of englande, that yf he 
 were out of pryson, by hym myght be made many grete recoueraunces for the royalme 
 of Fraunce, for kynge Phylyp, as then frensshe kyng, was his vncle ; and they affyrmed, 
 that as longe as he were kepte in pi yson, theyr warre into Fraunce sholde be y easyer ; 
 howbeit, for all those Avordes that was shewed to the kynge, by the good meanes of the 
 noble and good quene, he was set to his fynaunce to paye CC.M. nobles, whiche was as 
 then a grete some to be payde, for lordes as then lyued in another maner the they do 
 nowe : for as nowe men may pay more then theyr predecessours myght haue done, for 
 nowe they tayle theyr people at theyr pleasure, and before they lyued but on theyr rentes 
 and reuenues : for as nowe the duchy of Bretayne win a yere or two is able to pay to 
 helpe theyr lorde ii.''M. nobles or more. The lorde Charles of Bloys layde to the 
 kynge of Englande his ii. sones in pledge for y sayd some ; and afterwarde the lorde 
 Charles of Bloys had so moche to do in pursuyng his warre for the duchy of Bretayne, 
 and to pay his souldyours, and to kepe his estate, alwayes hopynge to come to a good 
 ende of his waire, so y he was not able to quyte out his sones out of Englande: for y 
 holy man, in pursuynge of his herytage, dyed as a saynt in a batayle in Bretayne before 
 aulroy,^ by the ayde of the Englysshemen who were agaynst hym: when he was deed 
 yet the warre ended not; but then kynge Charles of Fraunce, who in his lyfe doubted 
 gretly the fortunes of the warres, when he sawe that the erle Mountforde and the 
 Englysshemen seased not, but styll wente forwarde, and wanne townes and fortresses in 
 Eretayne ; he fered y yf y erle Mountforde myght come to his entente of the duchy of 
 Bretayne, that he wolde not holde nor do homage to hym, for he had promysed his 
 alleageaunce to the kynge of'englande, who ayded, and ahvaye hadde done, to mayn- 
 teyne his warre : then he treted w the erle Mountforde and his counsayle, as it hath ben 
 shewed here before; wherfore I wyll speke no more therof ; but y erle of Moutlorde 
 abode as duke of Bretayne with that he sholde do homage and holde souerayne of the 
 crowne of fraunce ; and by the same trety y duke sholde ayde and helpe to gete dely- 
 uered out of pryson in englande his ii. cosyns, sones to the lorde Charles of Bloys; 
 whiche artycle he neuer dyd accomplysshe, for alwayes he doubted that yf they re- 
 
 retourned, 
 
 •Brittany. ' La Roche-darrien. ' Sir Thomas Hartwell. ^ "CC.M." 
 
 f Auray, 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 211 
 
 retourned, they wolde put hym to some busynes for y duchy of Bretayne, and fared lest 
 they of Bretayne wolde receyue them as theyr lordes, for they more enclyned to the 
 then to hym ; wherfore he wolde not speke for theyr delyueraunce. Thus these ii. 
 chyldren abode so lon2;e in Englande in pryson, somtyme in f kepynge of the lorde 
 Roger Beawchamp and the lady Sybyll his wyfe, and somtyme with syr Thomas Dam- 
 brychcourte:" on a tyme the yonger, Guy of Bretayne dyed; then John of Bretayne 
 abode styll in pryson alone; he was often tymes sad of his beynge in pryson, but he 
 coulde not amcde it; and often tymes, when lie remembred the losse of his yonge dayes, 
 as he that was of the moost noble generacyon of the worlde, and was lykely to lese, he 
 wolde often tymes wepe, and wysshed hymseife rather deed thcnalyue; for a xxxv. 
 yeres, or theraboute, he had ben in the daunger of his enemyes in Englande, and 
 coulde se noo rnaner of meanes of his delyueraunce, for his frendes and kynne drewe 
 of fro hym, and the some that he laye for was so grete, that he wyst not how it sliolde 
 bepayde, without god helped hym ; and the duke of Anion, for all his puyssaunce and 
 prosperyte, and that he had wedded his syster germuyne, by whom he had ii. fi^yre 
 sones, Loys and Charles, for all this he dyd notliynge for iiym. Now shall I shewe 
 you howe this Johii of Bretayne was delyuered. 
 
 Hotfe Johan of Bretayne, sone to syr Charles of Bloys, was delyuered GUt of pryson, 
 by the jneanes of Olyuer of Clysson, the constable of Fraunce. 
 
 CAP. LXXII.'^ 
 
 IT hathe ben shewed here before in this hystory how the erle of Buckyngha made a 
 voyage thrughe the royalme of Fraunce, and came intj Bretayne ; the duke of Bretayne 
 had desyredhym so to doo, bycause parte of his countrey wolde not be vnder his obey- 
 saunce ; there the erle of Buckyngham and his company lay al y wynter and the begyn- 
 nyng of somer after, in grete pouerte, before Nantes and Wennes," tyll it was Maye, 
 and then he retourned into englande: and when the erle Thomas of Buckyngham and 
 his company laye before Wennes,'' in lodgynges without, there were dyuers skyr- 
 mysshes bytwene the englysshmen and frensshmen ; and thyder came Olyuer Clysson, 
 constable of Fraunce, to se the warre y was there made, and to speke with y englysshe 
 knyghtes, for he knewe them well, for in his yongth he was brought vp amonge the in 
 Englande ; and soo he made good company w them in diners maners, as noble men of 
 armes wyll do eche to other, and as frensshmen and englysshme haue alwayes done ; 
 and as then he had good cause so to do, for he entended a purpose which touched hym 
 ryght nere, but he wolde dyscouer his entente to noo man lyuynge but al onely to a 
 squyer that was there, who had alwayes before serued y lorde Charles of bloys ; for yf 
 the constable had dyscouered his entente to ony man, he had ben out of all hope to 
 haue sped and brought aboute his purpose, whiche, by the grace of god, he atteyned 
 vnto. The constable coulde in no wyse loue y duke of Bretayne, nor he hym, longe 
 tyme or they shewed it : and where as he sawe John of Bretayne in pryson in englande, 
 he had therof grete pyte ; and whe he sawe the duke of Bretayne in possessyon of the 
 herytage of Bretayne, and when he thought that he was in moost loue with y duke, then 
 he sayd, syr, why do ye not put to your payne that your cosyn Johfi of Bretayne were 
 out of the kyng of Englandes pryson ? Syr, ye are bounde therto by othe and by pro- 
 myse ; for, syr, when all the countrey of Bretayne was in treaty with you, y prelates, 
 noble men, and good townes, and the cyte of Nantes, and Archebysshop of Reynes,'' 
 
 2 E 2 syr 
 
 ' D'Ambreticouit. '■• This chapter ought to be numbered LXVI. ''Valines. •■ Bennes. 
 
212 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 syr John Craon, syr Boucequalte, as tlien marsliall of fraunce, treted w you for the 
 peas before Compercorentyne,^ than and there ye sware y ye sholde do your full puys- 
 saunce todelyuer your cosynes out of pryson; and, syr, ye haue done nothynge in that 
 matter; Avherfore be you sure the countrey of Bretayne loueth you the lesse, and ovveth 
 you the smaller fauoure. The duke to his demaude dyssynuded, and sayd, holde your 
 peas, syr Olyuer; where sholde I gete iii. or iiii. M.''frankes that is demaunded for theyr 
 raunsomes. Syr, sayd the constable, yf the countrey of Bretayne sawe that you were 
 wel wyllynge to the matter, they wolde be contente to pay a taxe or a fowage to delyuer 
 the prysoners, who are lyke to dye in prison, without god helpe them. Syr Olyuer, sayd 
 y duke, as for my countrey of bretayne shall not be taxed for me; my cosynes haue 
 grete prynces of theyr lygnage as y frenssh kynge and the duke of Aniou; they may 
 helpe to delyuer them, for they haue alwayes susteyued the warreagaynst me ; and when 
 I sware to ayde to theyr delyueraunce, myne entencyon was none otherwyse but that y 
 frensshe kynge or theyr kynsmen sholde pay theyr raunsomes. The constable coulde 
 gete of y duke none other answere ; thus, as I haue begon to shewe you, the constable 
 sawe clerely howe y erle of Buckyngham and the barons and knyghtes of englande, 
 suche as hadde ben with hym in the voyage thrughe fraunce and so into Bretayne, were 
 nothynge contente with the duke of Bretayne, bycause he wolde not open his townes to 
 them, lyke as he had promysed when he departed out of Englande ; but whyles the 
 englysshmen lay before wennes,' and in the subbarbes of Hanibont,*^ they endured grete 
 pouerte, for they hadde nothynge to ete, and theyr horses dyed for fawte of foode. 
 The englysshmen were fayne to gather the ihystelles in the ieldes, and braye them in a 
 morter, and tempre it with water, and make therof a paast, and so bake it to ete, suche 
 pouerte they endured ; and they sayd amonge themselfe, the duke doth not acquyte 
 hymselfe nobly agaynst vs, syth we haue put hym in possessyon of y sygnory of Bre- 
 tayne ; and yf we sholde do well, we sholde take it fro hym agayne, and gete out of 
 pryson John of Bretayne his aduersary, and make hym duke ; the countrey loueth hym 
 better then he that is now duke : we can not belter be reuenged of hym, nor soner to 
 cause hym to lese the duchy of Bretayne. The constable of fraunce knewe ryght well 
 Avhat wordes and sore murmuracyons the englysshmen had amonge themselfe agaynst 
 the duke of Bretayne, wherwith he was nothynge dyspleased, for euery euyll worde 
 that they spake, he wolde it had ben xii ; howbeit, he made therof no semblaunt, no 
 more dyd a squyer of Bretayne, to whome he had broken his mynde, to go into eng- 
 lande on his message ; this squyer was called RoUant, : and so it was, that syr John of 
 Harleton,' capytayne of Chyerbourge, was with the constable at the castel Josselyn, 
 vnder saufconduyte, and there the constable made hym good chere and to his company, 
 and kepte the englysshmen as good company as he coulde, the rather therby to gete 
 theyr good wylles : then y constables squyer auaunced forth, and spake to syr John Har- 
 letor/ before the constable, and sayd, syr John, ye sholde do me a grete pleasure to do 
 one thynge for me, whiche shall cost you nothynge. Syr, sayd y knyght, for the loue 
 of the constable, though it be to my cost, I am contente to do that I can for you. What 
 is that I sholde do, syr, sayd the squyer, y I myght be assured to go into Englande to se 
 myne olde mayster, John of Bretayne ; the gretest desyre that I haue in this worlde is to 
 se hym. By my fayth, sayd syr John harlton,' it shal not be let for me, but that ye shal 
 go: as soone as I am retourned to Chyerbourge, I wyll go into englande, and ye shal go 
 with me ; I shal bryng you thyder, for your request is not to be refused. Syr, sayd the 
 squyer, I thanke you, and I repute it for a grete curtoysy. Thus this squyer wente 
 with syr John Harlton' to Chyerbourg, and when he had made euery thyng redy, he 
 departed, and entred into the see, with John Rollant in his company, and so came to 
 London, and brought the squyer to y castell where as iohn of Bretayne was, who 
 
 knewe 
 
 - Quimper-Corentin. " " CCC. or CCCC.M." ' Vannes. ' Hennebon. 
 
 ' Charlton. — Jolmes. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 213 
 
 knewe hym not at the fyrst metynge ; at ^ last he called hym to liis remembraunce, and 
 so spake to^yder, and there he shewed John of Bretayiie iiowe that the constable of 
 fraunce dyd and wolde do his payne for his delyueraunce. Howe can y be ? sayd John 
 of Bretayne. Syr, sayd y squyer, I shall shewe you: my lorde the constable hath a 
 dou2,hter to mary ; so that yf ye wyll swere and promyse when ye be retonrned into 
 Bretayne to take her to your wyfe, he wyll delyuer you out of eujilande ; he hath 
 founde well the ineanes how. Syr, howe say you, wyll ye do thus ? Ye, true y, sayd 
 he, ye shall retourne to the constable, and say in my name howe there is nothynge 1 
 may doo to be delyuered but I wyll do it: and as for his doujrhter, gladly I wyll take 
 her to my wyfe. Thus the squyer and John of Bretayne departed, and passed out 
 of enirlande, and retourned into Bretayne, and recorded to the constable all y he had 
 sene a°id harde ; and the c5stable, who desyred the aduauncement of his doughter, as to 
 be maried so highly as to Johii of Bretayne, was not neglygent in his busynes, and stu- 
 dyed for a meanl; in Englande to brynge aboute his purpose: and without he had founde 
 out a meanes as he dyd, he sholde neuer haue come to his purpose, whiche was to gete 
 y erle of Oxenforde on his parte, who was most pryuy with y kynge of Englande as 
 then ; but this matter was not shortly brought to passe, for as longe as y duke of Lan- 
 castre was in eni^lande, and before his iourney into spayne, there was no dyscouerynge 
 to the kynge of the tretye for delyueraunce of John of Bretayne; for when y erle of 
 Buckyngh:Tm retourned out of Bretayne^ the renome ran thrughe al the royalme how y 
 duke of^Bretayne had falsely acquyted hymselfe to the Englysshmen; wheilore was 
 spoken all y euyll that coulde be deuysed : and then John of Bretayne was brought into 
 the kynces presence and to his vncles, and then it was sayd to hym : Johii of Bretayne, 
 yf ye wyll releue and holde the duchy of Bretayne of the kynge of Englande, ye shall be 
 delyuered out of pryson, and set in possessyon of the sygnory of Bretayne, and shall 
 be ryght hyghly maryed in this countrey, as ye ought to be ; for y duke of Lancastre 
 wolde haue gyuen hym to his doughter Phylyp in maryage, who was after quene of Por- 
 tyngale. John of Bretayne answered, y he wolde neuer agree to that tretye, nor neuer 
 wotde be enemye nor contrary to the crowne of Fraunce ; he sayd he was contente to 
 take the duke of Lacastres doughter in maryage, soo he myght be delyuered out of pry- 
 son and out of englande. Whe they sawe' he wolde do none otherwyse, he was set 
 agaynein pryson ; and after, the erle of Oxenforde, whom we called duke of Irelande, 
 sawe that the duke of Lancastre was gone out of englande into Castell, and^that the tretye 
 of the maryage of his doughter with John of Bretayne was passed, for y duke of Lan- 
 castre had his doughter wkh hym into Castell, then he thought to intrete y kyng of 
 englande to gyue hym in rewarde for suche seruyce as he had done and entendedto do, 
 John of Bretayne ; for yf he coulde gete hym of the kyng, he was agreed with the con- 
 stable of Fraunce to haue for his raunsome, at two paymentes, vi. score M. frakes ; | 
 fyrst Ix. M. to be payde as sone as John of Bretayne were sent and delyuered into y 
 towne of Boloyne, and y other Ix. M. to be payde at Parys whersoeuer he wolde haue it 
 delyuered : y duke of Irelande coueted these floreyns, and dyd so moche with the kynge 
 of englande, y the kynge gaue hym John of Bretayne clerely, wherof many m Eng- 
 lande had grete meruay le ; but they that lyst to speke wolde speke ; there was none 
 other thynge. The duke of Irelande caused hym to be delyuered into Boloyne, and there 
 the constable had made redy euery thynge for hym, and so he rode to Parys, and there 
 founde the kynge and other lordes of hTs lygnage, who made hym good chere, and the 
 constable also who brought hym into Bretayne ; and there Johan of Bretayne wedded 
 his doughter, as he had'promysed : and when y duke of Bretayne knewe that John of 
 Bretayne was retourned into Fraunce, and clene delyuered out of Englande, by the ayde 
 and purchase, to the constable of Fraunce, then he had y costable in double hatred, and 
 sayd : what, weneth syr Olyuer of Clesson to put me out of myne herytage ? he sheweth 
 welthe tokens therof; he hath delyuered out of pryson John of Bretayne, and hath 
 
 gyuen 
 
214 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 gyuen hym his doughter in manage, whiche thynges are to me ryght dyspleasaunt, and 
 surely that shall 1 well shewe ones on a daye, howe he hath not wel done, peraduenture 
 whe he taketh leest hede therof : he sayd truely, for he shewed it quyckely or y yere 
 passed, as ye shall here after in the story ; but fyrst we wyll speke of the busynes of 
 Castell and Portyngale, and of an armye on the see y the englysshmen made to come to 
 Sluse. 
 
 Here before ye haue herde how y frensshe kynges armye by the see to haue frone into 
 englande was broken vp in the same season, not by y frensshe kynges good wyll, for al- 
 way he shewed good courage to haue passed into Englande ; and when he sawe howe y 
 iourney brake, he was more dyspleased then oiiy other, and all the fawte was layd vpon 
 the duke of Berre ; howbeit, it was to be thought y he saw more depelyer in llie matter 
 then ony other, and in his counsayllynge to leue the iourney, was for the honoure and 
 profyte of the royalme of fraunce ; for who soo euer enterprysed to doo a thyii're, 
 ought to regarde what ende may come therof; and the duke of Berre had ben before so 
 longe in en»:lande, in hostage for y kyng his fader, and had ben so couersaunt among y 
 englysshmen, and had sene so moche of y countrey, that he knewe by reason what effecte 
 the goynge into englande sholde haue come to; and y cause moost exscusable not to go 
 was, bycause wynter was so farre ronne : but then it was sayd, y the constable of fraunce 
 the nexte somer sholde goo into englande with a vi. M. men of amies and as many crosse 
 bovves, for it was thought by hymselfe, and sayd, howe that norabre was sufficyent to 
 fyght with the englysshemen, by reason the constable ought to haue knowen it, for he 
 had ben nourysshed there in his yonge dayes. Whe these iordes were retourned into 
 fraunce, the it was determyned to sende socours into Castell, to ayde the kynge there 
 agaynst the kynge of Portyngale and the duke of Laucastre, for it was thought that 
 shortely there sholde be some dedes of armes, for the englysshmen kepte the felde ; and 
 it was consydered y they"" coulde sende noo men of warre thyder without grete cost and 
 charge, for the iourney was ferre of, and there was but lytell money in the kynges 
 treasoury nor in treasourers handes : for the some of money that had ben gadered of the 
 people before in the royalme was spente and wasted, wherfore they studyed howe to 
 gete more ; and soo a newe tayl6 and taxe was deuysed to ryn thrughout all the royalme 
 of Fraunce, to be payde incontynent •without delay, noysynge howe it was for the com- 
 fortynge of y kynge of Spayne, and to dryue the englysshmen out of his royalme. This 
 tayle was publysshed in euery place, and the kynges commyssyoners sente into euery 
 good towne and cyte, who sayd to the gouernours of the townes: Syrs, thus moche your 
 towne is taxed at, the whiche ye must pay incontynent. Then the rulers sayd, syrs, we 
 shall gather this some, and then sende it to Parys. Nay, syrs, not so, sayd the com- 
 myssaryes, we wyl not abyde so longe, we wyll do otherwyse then so : and commaunded 
 in the kynges name a x. or xii. of the best of the towne to goo to pryson, without they 
 payde the some without ony longer delay : the honest men fered the pryson and the 
 kynges dyspleasure ; wherfore they drewe them togyder, and payde the money incon- 
 tynente, and recouered it agayne of the poore me. Thus they dyd in euery good towne, 
 so that there were so many tayles and taxes one after another, for the fyrst was scante 
 payde when another began : thus in that season the noble royalme of fraunce was gouern- 
 ed, and y poore people ouer ledde, so that many auoyded out of theyr townes, and for- 
 soke theyr herytages and houses, for they were fayne to sell all that they had, and some 
 wente to dwell in Haynalte and into the bysshopryche of Lyege, Avhere as there ranne 
 no taxe nor tayllage. 
 
 i. e. The French. 
 
 Howe 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 215 
 
 Howe the duke of Borbon was chosen to goo into Caslell, and dyuers other ; and 
 hoiue syr Johan Biicke, admyral of Flaunders was taken prisoner by the En- 
 glysshemen. 
 
 CAP. LXXII.^ 
 
 THEN yt was deuysed what capytaynes sholde go into Spayne : Fyrst, they apoynt- 
 ed y gentyli duke of Borbone, y he sholde be soiierayne capytayne aboue all other ; and 
 or he departed, there was apoynted ii. other capytaynes to be in y vowarde, and the 
 duke of Borbon in the rerewarde, with ii.M.speres, knyghtes and squyers ; these ii. 
 capytaynes y sholde be in y vowarde were syr Wellyam of Lygnac, and syr Gaultyer 
 of Passac: these ii. lordes when they knewe y they sholde be the capytaynes of certayne 
 men ol'armes to go into Castel, they prepayred theselfe fory iourney. Then knyghtes 
 and squyers were sente for all aboute the royalme of Fraunse to go to Castell, and the 
 passages were opened as well in Nauare as in Aragon. Thenne knyghtes and squyers 
 departed fro Bretayne, Poyctou, Aniowe, Mayne, Torayne, Bloys, Orleaunce, Bcause, 
 Pycardv, Borgoyne, Berre, and Awuergne, and fro all the boundes of the royalme of 
 Fraunce ; euery man toke theyr way to go into Castell : and of all the formest com- 
 pany syr Wyllyam of Lygnac, and syr Gaultyer of Passac, were leders, and to ex- 
 alte theyr honoure they departed in good araye, and all theyr companyes in good 
 ordre. 
 
 Thus whyles these knyghtes and squyers of the royalme of Fraunce prepayred the to 
 goo into Castell, and sucheas were fyrst redy fyrst departed, and specyally they y were 
 of farre countreys, for there were many y desyred dedes of armes ; the same season the 
 englysshmen were on y see bytwene Englande and Flaunders, wherof Rycharde erle of 
 Arundell Avas admyrall, and in his copany y erle of Deuonshyre, and y erle of Notyng- 
 ha, and the bysshop of Norwyche: they "were a v. C. men of armes, and M. archers : 
 they had lyen at ancre a grete season abydyng some adueture, and often tymes refresshed 
 the on y cost of Englande, and aboute y yles of Cornewall, Bretayne, and Normady ; 
 and they were sore dyspleased in y the flete of Flaunders was scaped fro the, and were 
 gone to Rochell, and specyally y the costable of Fraunce was gone fro Lentrygner'' to 
 Sluse, and passed by Calays and met not \v hym, for gladly they wolde haue fought w 
 hym : and yet y constable had as many shyppes as they, but they passed by the by reason 
 of y wynde and the fludde y they had in y nyght tyme : y englysshe nauy lay at ancre 
 before Mergate at y Tames mouthe, towarde Sandwyche, abydynge theyr aduenture, 
 and specyally abydyng for y shyppes y were gone to Rochell, for they thought they 
 wolde shortly retourne; and so they dyd, for when y merchauntes of Flaunders, of 
 Rochel, ofHaynalte, and other places, who for double of y englysshmen, were con- 
 ioyned togyder, departed out of Flauders, they promysed eche other to go and to re- 
 tourr 
 
 synes 
 then 
 
 Rochell, and toke theyr way by f see to goo into Flaunders, and to Sluse, and fro 
 Avhens they departed ; they say led so lunge y they passed y rase saynt Mathewe in Bre- 
 tayne 
 
 ? This chapter ought to be numbered LXVII. ^ Treguier. 
 
216 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 tayne without peryll or domage, and so costed base Bretayne, and the Normandy, and 
 so came ryght ouer y Tames mouth, where as y englysshe nauy lay ; the flemynges 
 perceyued where they laye, and they in the hyghe shyppes sayd to theyr copany, syrs, 
 aduyse you wel, we shall be met by y englysshe armye, they haue perceyued vs, they 
 wyl take y aduautage of y wynde and tyde, we shall haue batayle or it be nyght: y ty- 
 dynges pleased not well al partyes, and specyally y merchauntes of Flauders, of Hay- 
 nalte, and of other countreys, who had theyr merchaiidyse there aborde, they wolde 
 gladly haue ben thens yf they myglit ; howbeit, syth they sawe no remedy but fyght, 
 they ordred theselfe therto ; and they were crossebowes and other me harneysed de- 
 fensably arayed, mo the vii. C. and amonge the there was a valyaunt knyght of Flaun- 
 ders who was theyr capytayne, and was as then admyrall of the see, set there by the 
 duke of Borbone, called syr John Bucke, ryght sage and hardy in armes, and had done 
 before grete domage on the see to the englysshme'n ; this syr John Bucke set euery 
 thyng in good ordre, and decked his shyppes ^\el, and wysely as he y coulde ryght wel 
 do it, and sayd, syrs, be not abasshed : we are me ynowe to fyght vv y englysshe army, 
 and y wynde wyl serue vs, y euer as we be fyghtyng we shal aproche nerer and nerer 
 to Sluse, we shall coost Flaundres: some toke good coforte w those wordes, and some 
 not, so they put theselfe in good ordre and defence, and made redy theyr crossebowes 
 and gonnes. 
 
 The englysshe shyppes aproched, and they hadcertayne galays fournysshed vV archers, 
 and they came formest rowyng w owers, and gaue the fyrst assaulte, and archers shotte 
 fyersly, and lost moche of theyr shotte, for the Flemynges couered them vnder y deckes 
 and wold not apere, butdraue euer forth with the wynde ; and whe they were out of y 
 englysshe archers shot, then they dyd let fly theyr quarelles, wherwith they hurted 
 many ; then approched }' grete shyppes of Englande, the erle of Arundel w his com- 
 pany, and the bysshop of Norwyche with his, and so the other lordes, they russhed in 
 amonge the flemynges shyppes, and them of Rochell, yet the flemynges and crosse- 
 bowes defended theselfe ryght valyautly, for theyr patron, syr John Bucke, dyd euer 
 comforte the; he was in a gret strong shyp, Avherin he had iii. gonnes shotyng so grete 
 stones, that where soeuer they lyghted they dyd grete domage, and euer as they fought 
 they drewe lytell and lytell towarde Flaunders, and some lytell shyppes with theyr 
 merchauntes toke the coostes of Flaunders, and the lowe water, and therby saued them, 
 for y grete shyppes coulde not folow them for lacke of water. Thus on y se there was 
 a harde batayle, and shyppes broken and sunken on bothe partyes, for out of the toppes 
 they cast downe grete barres of yron, where as they wente to the botom : this was an 
 harde batayle, and well fought, for it endured a iii. or iiii. houres ; and when the day 
 fayled they withdrewe eche fro other, and cast ancre, and there rested all nyght, and 
 dressed theyr hurte men ; and when y fludde came they dysancred, and drewe vp sayles, 
 and retourned agayne to the batayle : w the englysshmen was Peter du Boys of Gaunt, 
 with a certayne archers and maryners, who made the flemynges moche a do, for he had 
 ben a maryner, wherfore he knewe the arte of the see, and he was sore dyspleased y the 
 flemynges and merchauntes endured so longe ; alwayes y englysshmen wanne aduaun- 
 tage of y flemynges, and so came bytwene Blanquenberg and Sluse, agaynst Gagant :' 
 there was y dyscomfyture, for they were not socoured by no creature ; nor also at y 
 tyme there were noo shyppes at Sluse, nor men of warre. True it was there was a squyer, 
 a man of armes at Sluse, called Arnolde the mayre,'' when he harde howe there was 
 batayle on the see, bytwene the armye of Englande and them of Flaunders, he toke a 
 
 barke 
 
 ' Cadsand. ^ Le Maire. 
 
THE CRONYGLE OF FROISSART. 217 
 
 barke of his owne and entred therin, and with hym a certayne men of Sluse, and twenty 
 crossebowes, and rowed by force tyll he came to the batayle : but y was at the poynte of 
 the dyscomfyture, for by that tyme the englysshmen were seased of the inoost parte of 
 the flemysshe shyppes, and had taken syr John Bucke theyr capytayne, and his shyp, 
 and all that were within it ; and when this Arnolde the mayre" sawe y maner of that 
 batayle, he made his crossebowes to shote iii. tymes, and then retourned and was chased 
 into the hauen of Sluse, but the englysshmennes shyppes were so gretethat they coulde 
 not approche so nere y lande as the barke dyd, and therby he saued hymselfe and his 
 company. 
 
 The men of the towne of Sluse were sore abasshed when they harde of those tydynges, 
 so that they wyst not what to do, other to gyue vp theyr towne and forsake all, or elles 
 to entre into the shyppes that laye there, and so defende the hauen. Surely yf the En- 
 glysshmen had knowen the case they were in, they had ben lordes of the towne and of 
 the castel, or yf they had byleued Peter du Boys ; for he sore counsayled them that they 
 sholde incontynent haue set on the towne of Sluse : they had wonne it yf they had soo 
 done, but the englysshmen had no courage therto, but sayd it were a grete foly for vs 
 to entre into y towne of Sluse, for then they of Bruges, of Dan,'' and of Ardenbourge, 
 shall come and besyege vs, and so peraduenture shall lese al that we haue wonne: it is 
 better for vs to kepe it and to make wyse warre, then folysshly to lese all. Thus the 
 englysshmen kepte styll the see, but they determyned to brenne the nauye of shyppes 
 y lay at ancre in the hauen of Sluse : of suche shyppes as they hadde wonne they toke 
 parte of the, suche as were most olde and drye, and lyghtest, and gresed them wel bothe 
 within and without, and set fyer on them, and so lete them go with the wynde and with 
 y tyde into the hauen, toy' entente that they sholde haue fastened, and set fyer on other 
 shyppes y lay there of Spayne, and of other places; howbeit, as god wolde, that fyer 
 dyd noo hurte nor domage to none other shyp. 
 
 Howe the engli/sshmen aryued, and brente dj/uers villages. 
 
 CAP. LXXIII.' 
 
 AFTER that the englysshmen dyscomfyted syr John Bucke as he came fro Rochell, 
 wherby they had grete profyte, specyally of wyne, for they had a ix. M. tonne of wyne, 
 wherby wyne was the derer all the yere after in Flaunders, Holande, and in Brabande, 
 and the better chepe in Englande, as it Avas reason : suche are the aduentures of this 
 worlde, if one haue domage, another bathe profyte. Thus styll y englysshemen lay 
 before Sluse at an ancre, and somtyme with theyr barkes and barges they set a lande on 
 the other syde agaynst Sluse, where as there was but a ryuer to passe, and there they 
 brente a mynstre, and other townes, alonge on the see syde, and on the dygnes,'' called 
 Torne Hoque, and Murdeques, and toke men prysoners in the countrey, and were 
 there lyenge a x. dayes, and layde busshmentes bytwene Dan"" and Sluse, on the way of 
 Coceler : and there was taken Johfi of Lannay, a man of armes of Tourney, who was 
 come thyder with the lorde of Estrynay, and syr Blanquart of Calomne,' came theues* 
 on y spurres fro Tourney, with xl. speres : and also syr Robert Merchaunt, a knyght 
 
 Vol. II. 2 F of 
 
 ' Le Maire. '' Damme. " This chapter ought to be numbered LXVIII 
 
 ^ The dyke?. ' Coulongne- "^ This should be " who came there." 
 
218 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 of Flaunders, who had to his wyfe a bastai de doiighter of the erle of Flaunders, was as 
 then at Bruges, when the tydynges spred abrode of the Englysshmen ; so he departed 
 and came to Sluse, and entred into y castell, whiche he founde in small defence, for yf 
 the entrlysshmen had taken lande at Sluse, as ihey dyd on the other syde of the water, 
 they had taken at theyr ease the castell and all the towne: for suche as sholde haue de- 
 fended the towne were so abasshed j there was no man toke ony hede of defence ; then 
 this knyght gaue them harte, and sayd, A, ye syrs, and good men of Sluse, howe mayn- 
 teyne you yourselfe, by y ye shewe yourselfe dyscomfyted without ony stroke stryk- 
 yno-e ? men of valure and of good defence ought not so to do, they sholde shewe forth 
 a good vysage as longe as they coulde endure, at the leest tyll they were slayne or taken : 
 tlierby they sholde attayne to the grace of god, and prayse of the worlde. Thus sayd 
 this syr Robert when he came to Sluse. 
 
 In V meane season whyle y englysshmen were before Sluse and theraboute, al y cou- 
 trey to Bruges were afrayde, for they were euery day abrode a foragynge afoote, for 
 they had no horses, and somtyme they wolde entre far into the countrey ; on a day they 
 brente v towne of Cocesy on the downes,'' a grete vyllage in the way towarde Arden- 
 bourge, and so to the see syde called Hosebourcke ; they dyd there what they lyst, and 
 myght haue done more yf they had knovven what case the countrey was in ; and whe 
 they had taryed there at theyr pleasure, and sawe that no man came agaynst them, then 
 they toke theyr shyppes, and drewe vp sayles, and so retourned into Englande with 
 CC. M. frankes of profyte, and so came into Tames streyght to London, where as they 
 were receyued \v grete ioy : for the good wynes of Poyctou and Xainton, that was deter- 
 myned to haue ben dronken in Flaunders, in Haynalte, Brabant, and in dyuers other 
 places in Pycardy, the englysshmen brought all with them into Englande, and was 
 solde and departed at London, and in other places of Englande ; wyne was solde then 
 for iiii. pens the galon : and certayne merchauntes of Zerecyell,'' in Zelande, lost parte 
 of the same wyne, but they had restytucyon agayne of all theyr losses, for they of Zer- 
 cyell'' wolde neuer agree to go to make warre into Englande, nor wolde suflTre none of 
 theyr shyppes to goo in y iourney, wherby they atteyned grete loue of the Englyssh- 
 men. Syr John Bucke was put in pryson curtoysly at London, he myght go where he 
 lyst, but euery nyght to lodge in y cyte: he coulde neuer come to his raunsome, yet 
 the duke of Borgoyne wolde gladly haue had hym by exchaunge for a bastarde broder 
 of y kynge of Portyngalles, whom they of Breuelet had taken on the see comynge to 
 Meldebourc.'^ Thus syr Johii Bucke was prysoner thre yeres in Englande, and there 
 dyed. 
 
 ' " And another great," iic. ° Zuric-sec. "" Middlcburg. 
 
 Howe 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 219 
 
 Howe the duke of Lancastres marshal toke lite toume of Ribadaiie,- whiche was strongly 
 
 keple. 
 
 CAP. XLIIII." 
 
 NOWE yt ys tyme that we retourne to the busynes of'Castell and Portyngale, and 
 to speke of the duke of Lancastre beynge in Galyce, and of suche busynes as fel in y 
 seaso, whiche were not smal : and also to sliewe what ayde and comfoite y frensshe 
 kynge sent y tynie into Castell, or elles kynge John of Spaynes busynes had but easely 
 gone forwarde. I say surely y same yere y the duke aryued in his countrey he had lost 
 ail his lade, if y ayde of the frensshe kyng had not ben. Ye know wel y tydynges 
 spredeth euer farre : the kynge of Portyngale knewe as soone as y duke of Lancastre. 
 or ony other ma, how y frenssh kynges army y lay on y see to haue gone into Englande, 
 brake theyr iourney, for the kyng of Portyngale lay as the at y cyte of Porte,'^ a stroge 
 towne, and a haue wel vsed, by reason of merchautes y resorted thyder : and when he 
 knew of y brekynge of y frensshe kynges army he was glad therof, for it had ben shewed 
 hym before, that all Englande was lykely to haue ben lost, wherfore he somwhat dyssy- 
 muled with the duke of Lancastre, dryuynge of the takyng of his doughter in maryage ; 
 but styll he draue hym of with fayre wordes and salutacyons, and when he was iustly 
 enfourmed of the departynge of y frensshe kynge fro Sluse, then he called his coun- 
 sayle, and sayd, syrs, ye knowe well howe y duke of Lancastre is in Galyce, and the 
 duches our cosyne Avith hym, and it is not vnknowen to you howe he was here and had 
 counsayle togyder, and hoAve it was agreed that I sholde haue his doughter in maryage; 
 so it is, I wyll perceyuer in y same estate, and wyll demaunde her honourably, as it is 
 reason, and apertenent to suche a prynce as the duke of Lancastre is, and tome as kynge 
 of Portyngale ; I wyll make that lady quene of Portyngale. Syr, sayd they of his coun- 
 sayle, ye doo in this accordynge to reason, for ye haue so sworne and promysed. Well, 
 sayd the kynge, then let vs sende for her to the duke. Then there was appoynted the 
 archebysshop of Braschez,'' and syr John Radyghen of Sar, to go on that ambassade ; 
 they were sente for to the kynge, and so they toke on them that voyage, and with them 
 they had a CC. speres. 
 
 Nowe let vs speke of y syege that syr Thomas Moreaus, marshall of the duke of 
 Lancastres oost, had layde before the towne of Rybadane,^ and shewe what became 
 theron. 
 
 I byleue that they of Rybadane" thought to haue ben comforted by kynge John of 
 Castell, and by the knyghtes of Fraunce, Avho lay in y towne of Valeolyue," or elles 
 they wolde neuer haue endured soo longe ; for I haue meruayle howe suche a sorte ol 
 vyllaynes coulde endure agaynst suche a floure of archers and men of armes, and were 
 not abasshed : for euery day they had assaulte, and it was sayd to syr Thomas Moreaus, 
 in maner of counsayle, by the nioost valvaunt knyghtes of his company: syr, leue this 
 towne here, then an euyll fyer may brenne it, and let vs go further into the countrey, 
 to Maynes, to Noye, or to Besances ;' alwayes Ave may retourne agayne Avhen Ave lyst : 
 by ray fayth, sayd syr Thomas, that shall neuer be sayd that vyllaynes haue dyscom- 
 fytedvs: I Avyll not departe hens thoughe 1 sholde tary here ii. monethes, without y 
 
 2 F 2 duke 
 
 " Ribadavia- " This chapter ought to be numbered LXIX. ' Oporto. '' Braganza. 
 
 ' Valladolid. ' Mamcz, Noya, or BctanQos. 
 
5S0 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 duke sende for me. Thus the marshalles mynde and oppynyon was to kepe styll there 
 his syesie. The kynge of Castell, who laye at Valeolyue,^ and had sente specyally for 
 ayde into Fraunce, he harde dayly howe tliey of Rybadane'' defended themselfe va- 
 lyauntly, and wolde not yelde : in the name of god, sayd the Barroys of Banes, it 
 ^retely dyspleaseth me y we sent not thyder our frensshmen : they wolde gretely haue 
 recomforted the men of that towne : and also I am not contente that 1 am not at the 
 syege, for then at the leest I sholde haue the lionoure as these vyllaynes haue nowe, 
 and surely yf I had knowen the trouthe of the strength of that towne, 1 wolde haue re- 
 fresshed it, and haue put myselfe at aduenture therin : as well god sholde haue sente 
 me the grace to haue defended the towne as these vyllaynes do. Thus he deuysed in 
 the kynges presence, and before the frensshe knyghtes, who desyred dedes of armes. 
 Then it was sayd to the kynge, syr, sende a C. speres into these townes of Noye and of 
 Calongne,' for who so hath those ii. castelles, hath the ii. sydes of y lande of Galyce ; 
 and to go thyder dyuers dyd present theselfe before the kynge, as syr Trystram of Roy, 
 and syr Raynolde his broder, syr Aulberte of Braquemout, syr Trystra of Galle,'' syr 
 John of castell Morant, and syr Barroys of Barres. The kynge herde them well, and 
 was contente \v theyr ofTres, and sayd, fayre syrs, I ihanke you of your good wylles ; 
 howbeit, ye maye not all go, some of you must abyde styll with me, for aduentures that 
 may fall, but at this presente tyme I desyre the Barroys of Barres to take on hym that 
 charge yf it please hym : y knyght was ryght glad of y iourney, for he thought he had 
 lyen there to longe, and sayd to the kynge, syr, I thanke your grace, and shall kepe 
 and defende it to my power, and shall not departe thens tyll ye sende for me : so be it 
 a goodes name, sayd the kynge : we thynke to here shortely some tydynges out of 
 Fraunce. As then the knyghtes knewe not of the frensshe kynges departynge fro 
 Sluse, but the kynge knewe it well ynoughe, for the duke of Borbon had wryten to 
 hym of all the busynes in Fraunce, and howe he was apoynted to come into Castell w 
 iii. M. speres, and before hym to open y passages sholde come iii. M. speres, vnder the 
 gydynge of syr Wyllyam of Lygnac, and syr Gaultyer of Passac. The frensshe 
 knyghtes desyred y kyng to shewe them some tydynges out of Fraunce ; with a good 
 wyll, sayd the kynge. 
 
 Then the kynge sayd, syrs, surely the duke of Borbon is chosen pryncypal capy- 
 tayne to come into this countrey, for y frenssh kynge and his counsayle hath apoynted 
 hym to come with vi. thousande speres, knyghtes and squyers, and also two valyaunte 
 knyghtes are chosen capytaynes for to come before hym. as syr Wyllyam Lygnac, and 
 syr Gaultyer of Passac : they shall come fyrst with a iii. M. speres ; as for the voyage by 
 y see in Englande is broken vp for this season, tyll the constable of Fraunce, and the 
 erle of saynt Poule, and y lorde of Coney, with iiii. M. speres, shall goo into Englande 
 this nexte Maye. Howe saye you syrs to this ? sayd the kynge. Syr, sayd they, these 
 be ryche tydynges, we can haue no better, for this nexte somer dedes of armes shal be 
 wel shewed in your countrey ; yf there be vi. M. apoynted, there wyll come ix. M. we 
 shall surely fyglit with the englysshmen : they kepe as nowe the felde, but we shal close 
 them togyder, or it be mydsomer ; syr, these knyghte.-, that come are ryght valyaunt, 
 and specyally the duke of Borbon, and the other are proued knyghtes, and worthy to 
 be gouernours of me of armes. Anone was spred abrode in y towne of Valeolyue,^ and 
 abrode in Castell, the grete comforte and ayde that sholde come out of Fraunce by the 
 lyrst daye of Maye, wherof knyghtes and squyers were ryght ioyous. 
 
 Thus the Barroys of Barres departed with a 1. speres, and rode to the castell of Noye. 
 
 Tydynges 
 
 ' Valladolid. '' Ribadavia. "= Corunna. '' De la Jaille. 
 
THE CRONYGLE OF FROISSART. 221 
 
 Tydynges came to the duke of Lancastres marsliall liowe the frerisslimen were abrode, 
 rydyii<j,e with a I. speres to come to reyse the syeje before Rybadane.' Wlien the 
 marshal harde those tydvnges, he byleued it lyjhtly';' for they that shewed hym therof 
 afTyrmed it to be true,'saynge, how they hud sene them ryde ouer the ryuer of Dome,'' 
 and toke theyr lodgyiig; at 'y towne of Arpent."" Then y marshal was in double, and toke 
 cousayle, and deterinyncd to sende worde therof to the duke of Lancastre his lorde, and 
 sohedyd: and he sente syr John Dambretycourt, and a lieraulde, who knewe all the 
 wayes in Galyce; and then the marshall made euer ;iOod watche and spyal, for he 
 doubted to be ascryed in the nyght ; halfe the oost watched euery nyght wliyle the 
 other slepte. Syr Johii Dambretycourt, and the heraulde, came to the towne of saynt 
 James, to the duke and to the duches. Wlien y duke knewe of theyr comynge, he 
 sayd, surely we shall here some tydynges : as soone as they came to his presence, the 
 duke demaunded what tydynge ? Syr, sayd they, none y be good, but your marshall 
 hath sente vs hyder to you, to knowe your pleasure what he sholde do, for it is report- 
 ed to hym for certayne that the frensshmen are assembled togyder in Castel, and ryde 
 fast to passe the ryuer to come and fyght with your men lyenge at syege before Ryba- 
 danej^" syr, these be the tydynges y we haue brought. In the name of god, sayd the 
 duke, these be none euyll tydynges that we shall shortely prouyde for them: he be- 
 helde syr Johfi Holande his constable, and his admyrall syr Thomas Percy, and sayd 
 to them, syrs, take a CCC. speres, and CCCCC. archers, and go to your company 
 before Rybadane :° they are in a double y the frensshmen sholde come and assayle them. 
 Then these ii. knyghtes made them redy, and toke with them iii. C. speres, and v. C. 
 archers, and departed fro the duke, and rode soo longe that they came before Ryba- 
 dane,' where theyr copanyons were lodged, who weregretly reioysed of theyr comynge. 
 Then syr John Holand sayd to the marshall, what say they of Rybadane,^ wyll they not 
 yelde them ? By my fayth, sayd the marshal, they are prowde people: they se that all 
 the countrey aboule them doo yelde, yet they kepe styll theyr opynyons, and yet they 
 be but a many of vyllaynes : there is not amonge them one gentylmaof name. Syr, holde 
 your peas, sayd syr John Holande, for within these iiii. dayes we shal brynge them to 
 that poynte that they shal be glad to yelde themselfe to ony that wyll take them to mer- 
 cy ; but syr, I praye you do" y frensshmen ryde abrode ? Ye, surely syr, sayd he, I 
 haue ben well enfourmed howe they ryde to the nombre of v. C. speres in one company, 
 whiche maye well be, for dayely to them there cometh men of warre out of Fraunce, 
 and as I haue knowledge it is the Barroys of Barres: he is in the castell of Noye with 1. 
 speres ; this is all that we knowe. Thus they were all lodged togyder as well as they 
 myght, and made grete prouysyon that came after them. 
 
 Aboute a iiii. dayes after that John Holande, and syr Thomas Percy, were comen to 
 the marshalles oost, they ordeyned to make a grete assaulte, and caused to be made a 
 grete engyne of tymbre, with wheles, to be remoued with strenthe of men, whyther 
 they lyst, and within it myght easely be a C. knightes, and a C. archers, and they had 
 fylled 5' dykes where as this engyne sholde passe ; then began the assaulte, and the en- 
 gyne to approche with strength of men, and therin archers well prouyded w arowes 
 fyersly shotynge at them within the towne, and they within castynge out dartes and 
 stones meruaylously : but they byneth were couered \V mantelles and oxe hydes to de- 
 fende the fro y stones and dartes, and vnder y couerture men of amies approched well 
 pauessed w pyke axes to perse the walle, soo that they enpayred the walle, for they 
 within coulde not defende the walle, bycause of the archers who shotte so holy togyder 
 that none durste appere at theyr defence ; so Avith hewynge they reuersed into the dyke 
 a grete pane of the wall : when they within sawe themselfe in soo grete myschefe, they 
 
 were 
 
 ' Eibadavia. ^ The Duero. ' Villalpando. 
 
222 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 were gretely abasslied, and then cryed out alowde, we yelde ourselfe, we yelde vs : but 
 there were noone that made them ony answere ; the Englyssliemen dyd lauQ;he at them, 
 and sayd, these vyllaynes haue put vs to moche payne, and nowe they niocke vs when 
 they wolde haue vs to take them to mercy, nowe y towne is our owne : some of the En- 
 glysshemen answered them within, and sayd, Syis, we knowe not wliat ye say, we can 
 not speke no Spanysshe ; speke good I'rensshe or englysshe yf ye wyll that we sholde 
 vnderstande you. Thus they entred and passed forthe, and chased these vyllaynes, who 
 fledde before them, and slewe them by hepes. That daye there were slayne, what of 
 one and other, with the Jewes y were there, moo then xv. luindred. Thus the towne of 
 Rybadane^ was t:»ken by force, and suche as fyrst entred had there grete pyllaue, 
 and specyally they founde more golde and syluer in the Jewes hovvses then in ony other 
 place. 
 
 After the takynge of Rybadane,^ whiche was wonne^^by pure assaulte, and that the 
 
 Englysshemen had pylled it at theyr pleasure, then they demaunded of y marshall what 
 
 sholde be done with the towne, yf it sholde be brente or not ? Naye, sayd the marshall, 
 
 we wyll kepe it and newe repayre it; but nowe whether shall we prepayre ? and they 
 
 determyned to drawe to Maures,'' a good towne in Galyce. Then they were apoynted 
 
 that sholde abyde in Rybadane" and repayre it ; there was lefte syr Peter of Clynton, a 
 
 ryght valyaunt knyght, with xx. speres, and Ix. archers, they made grete prouysyon 
 
 with that they founde there, specyally of porkes and good wynes, whiche were so 
 
 stronge and myghty that the englysshemen coulde not drynke therof ; if they dranke 
 
 moche they were in that case they coulde not helpe themseife in two dayes after. Thus 
 
 they dyslodged fro Rybadane," and rode towardes the towne of Maures,'' and caryed in 
 
 peces with them y grete engyne, for they sawe well it dyd good seruyce, and was fere- 
 
 iuU to men in the townes. When they of Maures'' vnderstode howe the englysshmen 
 
 were comynge to them warde to haue the towne vnder the duke and duches of Lan- 
 
 castres obeysaunce, and knewe howe Rybadane'^ was taken by force, and how that they 
 
 brought with them a deuyll instede of an engyne, for it was so grete that it coulde not 
 
 be dystroyed, they doubted gretly the oost and this engyne ; then they wente to coun- 
 
 sayle to se what were best for them to doo, outher to yelde or to make defence ; and 
 
 when they had well counsayled togyder, they coulde se none other thynge but y it was 
 
 larre better for them to yelde then to defende: for they consydered yf they were taken 
 
 by force, they sholde lese body and goodes, and no comforte appered to them fro ony 
 
 parte; they that were sage sayd, Syrs, beholde howe they of Rybadane'' were taken at 
 
 theyr defence, and yet tiiey were as stronge as we or stronger, and they were besyeged 
 
 more then a moneth, and yet they hadde nother ayde nor socoure ; as we vnderstande 
 
 the kynge of Castel accompteth at this season al y countrey of Galyce lost to the ryuer 
 
 of Dorne,"^ nor we thynke that this yere there cometh no frensshe men to our ayde: 
 
 wherfore let vs yelde ourselfe mekely without domage, as other townes haue done : 
 
 euery man behelde the same oppynyon, but some sayd howe maye this be done ? well 
 
 ynoughe sayd the sages, we shall go and mete them on the waye, and here the keyes of 
 
 y towne with vs, and present them to the englysshemen : they be courtoys people, they 
 
 wyll do vs no hurte yf we receyue them curtoysly ; to this they were all agreed. Then 
 
 there yssued out of y towne a fyfty persones of them y were moost noble, as soone as 
 
 they knewe y the englysshemen approched they yssued out, and aboute a quarter of a 
 
 legge of they taryed for the Englysshemen. 
 
 Tidynges came to the Englysshemen howe they of the towne of Maures'' were yssued 
 out, not to fyght but to yelde them, and the keyes of the towne whiche they brought w 
 
 them : 
 
 ' Ribadavia. '' Muros. '^ The Duero. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 223 
 
 them : then y lordes rode on before to se what the matter was, and caused all the archers 
 and oost to tary behynde : then the Galycyens came forthe, and it was sayd to them, 
 Svrs, beholde here tlie lordes of Englande sente by the duke of Lancastre to conquere 
 this countrey, speke to them yf ye lyst: then they all kucled downe, and sayd, Syrs, 
 we be of the poore men of Maures," who wyllyngly wyll be vnder the obeysauce of the 
 duke of Lancastre, and of my lady the duches : wherfore we desyre you to accepte vs 
 to mercy, for all that we haue is yours. The ill. loides of Englande, by eche others 
 aduyse, answered and sayd, ye good people of Maures,^ we shall go w you into the 
 tovvne and parte of our oost, not al, and there ye shall make promyse and othc, as good 
 people ought to do to theyr lorde and lady : syrs, sayd they, this shall we doo with 
 o-ood wylles. Then sayd the lordes, go your wayes on before and open the gates, for 
 ye are and shall be receyued to mercy. Then they wente to theyr towne and opened 
 theyr oaies and barryers, and suffred the constable and tlic other lordes to entre, and a 
 iiii. C. speres with them, and the resydue ol'thc oost lodged without in the feldes, and 
 had prouysyon out of the towne suffycyent: the lordes lodged within the towne, and 
 toke the olhes of them of the towne of Maures,' as it is sayd before. 
 
 Howe the duke of Lancasire senle for the admymll and mershal, and his other offycers 
 to come to the weddtjuge of his doughler, and the ki/nge of Portyngale. 
 
 CAP. LXXIIII.^ 
 
 THE nexte daye after the towne of Maures^ was gyuen vp, and (hat euery man made 
 them redy to go to the cyte of Besances," there came tydynges and letters fro the duke 
 of Lancastre, commaudynge them on the syght of his letters, whatsoeuer estate they 
 were in, to repayre to his presence: certefyenge them that he loked in a shorte season 
 for the archebysshop of Braghes,'' and for syr John Radyghes de Sar, ambassade fro the 
 kynge of Portyngale, who were comynge to wedde his doughter by procuracyon, and to 
 lede her to the cyte of Porte,' where the ky^nge of Portyngale taryed for her. When 
 these lordes vnderstode these tydynges, they retourned theyr wave, and sayd, it was 
 requysyte for the duke to haue his lordes and counsayle aboute hym at y receyuynge of 
 these ambassadours; and so retourned and lefte men of warre in y garysons that they 
 had wonne, and so came to the towne of saynt James, as the duke had commaunded 
 them ; and within iii. dayes after thyder came \ bysshop of Braghes,"^ and syr John 
 Radyghes de Sar, with a CC. horses ; they were all well lodged. Then when they were 
 redy apparelled, y ambassadours and other lordes in theyr company wente to the duke 
 and to the duches in good aray, where they Avere receyued with grete ioy, and there 
 declared the cause of theyr comynge: the duke herde them well, and was wel reioyced 
 therw bycause of y auauncement of his doughter, and for the alyaunce of the kynge of 
 Portyngale, whiche he thought ryght behouable for hym yf he wolde entre to conquere 
 .Castell: the bysshop shewed the duke and the duches, and tiieyr counsayle, howe he 
 had auctoryte by procuracyon personally to wed the lady Phylyp of Lancastre, in the 
 name of the kynge of Portyngale ; wherwith the duke and duches were Avell contente. 
 Thus syr John Radyghes de Sar, by vertue of procuracyon wedded j' lady Phylyp of 
 Lancastre, in the name of y kynge of Portyngale, and the bysshop of Braghes"^ wedded 
 
 them, 
 
 ' Muros. I This chapter ought to be numbered LXX. ^ Betanfos. 
 
 '' Biagaiiza. " Oporto. 
 
224 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 them, and soo were layde curtoysly in bed, as husbande and wyfe ought to be :" and the 
 nexte day after the lady with all her company were redy to departe, and so toke leue of 
 her fader, moder, and systers, with ladyes and damoyselles with her, and her bastarde 
 syster, wyfe to y marshall, with her ; and with her went syr Jolifi Holande, syr Thomas 
 Percy, and syr John Dambrychconrte,'' and C speres, and CC. archers, and so rode to 
 the cyte of Porte," in Portyngale. 
 
 Agaynst the comynge of the yonge quene of Portyngale, yssued out of the cyte of 
 Porte*" to do her honoure and reuerence, prelates of the chyrche, as y bysshops of Lys- 
 bone, of Deure,'' of Connymbres,' and of Porte ;" and of temporall lordes, the erle 
 Dangose, the erle of Nouayre, the erle of Lescal, Galope Ferant Patryke' Pymasse,'^ 
 Martyne de Merlo, and mo then xl. knyghtes, and grete nombre of theyr people, and 
 many ladyes and damoyselles, and all the clergy reuested in habytes of processyon. 
 Thus the lady Phylyp of Lancastre was brought into the cyte of Porte,"" in Portyngale, 
 and soo to the kynges palace ; there the kynge toke her by the hande and kyssed her, 
 and all the other ladyes and damoyselles that were come with her and brought her into 
 her chambre, and then toke leue of all y ladyes; and the lordes of Englande that were 
 there, lodged at theyr ease, and all theyr men in the cyte of Porte,*" for it is a grete cyte, 
 and y nyght they kepte the vygyll of the feest to the nexte day, the ladyes daunsynge 
 and passynge theyr tyme that nyght: and on the Tuysdaye y kynge of Portyngale, with 
 the prelates, and lordes of his countrey, were redy in the mornynge, and lepte on theyr 
 horses at the palays, and so rode to y cathedrall chyrche called saynt Maryes, and there 
 taryed for the quene, who came accompanyed with ladyes and damoyselles : and thoughe 
 syr John Radyghos de Sar had wedded her before in the kynges behalfe, yet then agayne 
 openly there y kynge wedded her, and so retourned to y palays, and there was made a 
 grete feest and a solempne; and after dyner Justes and tournays before the kynge and 
 queue, and at nyght the pryse was gyuen of the without,*" to syr Johii Holande, and of 
 y chalengers, a knyght of the kynges, called syr John Tet-dore had the pryse; so that 
 day and nyght they perceyuered in grete tryumphe and ioye, and the kynge lay with 
 the quene, and as the renome ranne in the countrey and courte, y kynge was as then 
 a clene mayde : the nexte daye the feest renewed and newe Justes, and the pryse of the 
 chalengers had Vas^ Martyne of Merlo, and of them without'' syr JohiiDambretycourte: 
 and y nyght there was grete daunsynge, syngynge, and sportynge, and eueryday there 
 were knyghtes and squyers that Justed. 
 
 With suche tryumphes, Justes, and sportes, as ye haue harde, the quene of Portyn- 
 gale was receyued at her fyrst comynge in the cyte of Porte,*" and these feestes endured 
 more then x.dayes, and the kynge gaue grete gyftes to all the straungers, so that they 
 were well contente. Then the knyghtes of Englande toke theyr leue of the kynge, and 
 of the quene, and retourned to y cyte of saynt James to the duke and duches, who of 
 them demaunded tydynges ; and they shewed all y they had sene and harde, and howe 
 the kynge of Portyngale and the quene dyd commaunde them to them, and sayd ; syr, 
 the last worde y the kynge sayd to vs was, howe he desyreth you to drawe into y felde 
 when it please you, for in lykewyse so wyl he do and drawe intoCastell : these be good 
 tydyn<Tes, sayd the duke. Thus aboute a xv. dayes after the constable and admyral 
 
 were 
 
 • In Mr. Johnes's translation it is the Archbishop who espouses Philippa and is laid in the bed by her : as it 
 does not appear probable, however, that an ecclesiastic, to whom celibacy was enjoined, could act as 
 proxy in such a ceremony (which was a close imitation of the actual marriage) I apprehend Lord Ber- 
 ners is right, particularly as he agrees with the Lyons' edition. 
 
 '■ D'Ambreticsurt. ' Oporto. '' Evora. * Coimbra. ' Portelet. 
 
 ' Vasco. ' i. e. Strangers, 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 225 
 
 were retourned fro y lynge of Portyngales maryage, y dul^e of Lancastre prepayred for 
 his iourney to go and cunquere caslells and townes in Galyce, for as then the duke was 
 not lorde of all y townes in the counirey : and it \\n& oidcyned y when the duke sholde 
 departe fro saynt James, that the dnches and lier doughler Kaiheryne sholde in lyke- 
 wyse departe, and goo to the cyte of Porte/ in Porlyngale, to se the kynge and y yonge 
 quene theyr doughter ; and the towne of saynt James vas deiyiiered to the kepynge 
 of an enclysshe knyght, called syr Loys ClyfTorde, and xxx. speres with hym, and an 
 G archers. 
 
 Howe the duke of Lancastre and his men rode lowardes the cyle of Besances ;^ and 
 howe the towne made composycyon with them. 
 
 CAP. LXXV.' 
 
 THUS the duke of Lancastre departed and all his me, and suche as were ordeyned to 
 abyde in garyson abode: and the duke and the duches rode towardes Besances.^ one of 
 y last townes bytwene Galyce and Portyngale, the ryght waye to Porte" and to Connym- 
 bres:'' and bycause y duches of Lancastre and her doughter sholde go to se the kynge of 
 Portyntrale, theifoie they helde that way: when they of Besances'' knewe y y duke was 
 comynfre on them with all his oust, then they drewe to counsayle and were of many 
 oppynyons ; fynally, they determyned for y best, and sent to the duke and duches vi. 
 of the chefe of the towne, to desyre and trete for an abstynence of warre for viii.dayes, 
 and in y meane season they to sende to the kynge of Castell, shewynge hym without he 
 came soo stronge to fyght with the duke, to yelde vp theyr towne without ony other 
 meane. Then there departed fro Besances*" vi. men, and rode to mete with y englyssh- 
 men ; fyrst they encountred with the vowarde whiche the marshal 1 led ; there they Mere 
 stopped and demaunded what they were, and what they wolde? they answered how 
 they were of Besances,'' and that by appoyntemente of the towne they were charged to 
 goo and speke with the duke ; the marshall sayd to syr John Soustre," syr, go and 
 brynge these men to y duke in saufgarde, for fere lest our archers do slee them ; and 
 then he sayd to them, syrs, goo your wayes, this knyght shal be your guyde. So they 
 rode forthe, and at the last foiinde out the duke and duches, and her doughter, and syr 
 Johii Holande, syr Thomas Percy, and dyuers other with them, sportynge them vnder 
 the shadowe of the fayreOlyue trees, and they behelde wel syr John Soustre' comynge 
 to themwarde ; then syr John Holande demaunded of hym and sayd, syr Jolm, are 
 those your prysoners ? nay syr, sayd he, they be no prysoners, they are men of Besan- 
 ces,'' sent by the mershall to speke with my lorde y duke: as I thynke they wyll make 
 some tretye; the duke and the duches herde al those wordes: then syr Johti Soustre^ 
 sayd to them, ye good men auaunce forth, beholde here your lorde and lady. Then 
 these vi. men kneled downe and sayd, My ryght redoubted lorde and lady, the comon- 
 altye of the towne of Besances'' haue sente vs to your presence; syr, they vnderstanu'J 
 howe ye are comynge or sendynge your armye agaynst the; they desyre of yourspecyal 
 grace to forbere them these ix. dayes, and in the meane season they wyll sende to the 
 kynge of Castell to the towne of Valeolyue,' and shewe hym what daiiger they be in ; 
 and syr, without there come within these ix. dayes suche socoure to them as to fyght 
 Vol. IL 2 G with 
 
 " Oporto. i> Jo/(«es says Enten^a.—sed quaere, Betangos. ' This chapter ought 
 
 to be numbered LXXI. .'' Coimbra. ' Sounder. ' Valladolid. 
 
226 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 with you, they wyll yelde them vnto your obeysaunce, and yf ye lacke ony prouysyon 
 of vytayles or ony otiier thynge in the meane season, ye shall haue out of the towne for 
 your money at your pleasure for you and for all your men. Therwith the duke stode 
 styll and spake noo worde, and suffred the dnches lo speke, bycause it was in her coun- 
 trey ; then she behelde the duke and sayd, Syr, what say you ? Madame, sayd he, and 
 what say you? ye are herytoure her: that I haue is by you, therfore ye shall make them 
 answere. Well syr, sayd she, methynke it were good to receyue them as they haue de- 
 maunded, for I byleue the kynge of Castell hatha as nowe noo grete desyre so shortly 
 to fyght with you. I can not tell, sayd the duke ; wolde to god he wolde come shortely 
 to batayle, then we sholde be thesoner delyuered: I wolde it sholde be within vi. dayes: 
 wherfore as ye haue deuysed I am contente it so be. Then y duches tourned her to- 
 warde the vi. men and sayd, syrs, departe when ye lyst, your matter is sped, soo that 
 ye delyuer in hostage to our marshall xii. of the best of your towne for suretye to vp- 
 holde this tretye. Well madame, sayd they, we are contente: and syr John Soustre' 
 was commaunded to shewe this tretye to the marshal, and so he dyd, wherwith the mer- 
 shall was well contente, and the vi. men relourned to Besances,'' and shewed howe they 
 had sped. Then xii. men of the moost notablest of the towne were chosen out and 
 sente to the marshall. Thus the towne of Besances'' was in rest and peas by the fore- 
 sayd tretye. Then they of the towne sente the same vi. men that wente to y duke, to 
 the kynge of Castell, and his counsayle : the kynge as then knewe nothynge of that com- 
 posycyon, nor howe the englysshemen were before Besances.'' 
 
 In the meane season that these syxe men were goynge to the kynge of Castell, the 
 duke ordeyned that the duches and her doughter Katheryne sholde goo to the cyte of 
 Porte,'^ to se the kynge of Portyngale, and the yongc queue her doughter, and at theyr 
 departynge the duke sayd to the duches, 
 
 Madame Costaunce, salute fro me the kynge, and the queue my doughter, and all 
 other lordes of Portyngale, and shewe them suche tydynges as ye know, and howe they 
 of Besances'^ be at composycyon with me : and as yet I knowe not wheron they grounde 
 themselfe, nor whether that our aduersary John of Trystmor'' haue made them to make 
 this tretye, or wyl come and fyght with vs or no ; I knowe well they loke for grete com- 
 forte to come to them out of Fraunce, and suche as desyre dedes of armes and aduaunce- 
 ment of honoure wyl come as soone as they can, wherfore it behoueth me alwaye to be 
 redy and to abyde batayle ; this ye may shewe to the kynge of Portyngale, and to his 
 counsayle, and yf I se that I shall haue ony thynge to do, I shall shortely sende the 
 kynge worde therof ; wherfore saye that I desyre hym to be redy to ayde and to defende 
 our ryght and his, in lyke maner as we haue promysed and sworne togyder. And 
 madame, when ye retourne agayne to me, leue our doughter Katheryne there styll with 
 the queue her syster, she can not be in better kepynge. Syr, sayd the lady, all this 
 shall be doone. Then the duches and her doughter, and all other ladyes and damoy- 
 selles toke theyr leue and departed ; syr Thomas Percy the admyral accompanyed 
 them, and syr yon Fythwaren,' and y lorde Talbot, and the lorde John Dambretycourte, 
 and syr Namburyne' of Lynyers, and a hundred speres, and two hundred archers, and 
 -soo came to the cyte of Porte," in Portyngale. 
 
 Sounder. " Betan^os. ' Oporto. * Transtamare. ' Evan Fitzwarren. 
 
 ' Maubrun. 
 
 Howe 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 527 
 
 Hoive the duches and her daughter ivente to se the kynge of Porlyngale and the 
 quene; and howe the toxtme of Beiances' submytled them vnder the obei/sauncc of the 
 duke of Lancastre. 
 
 CAP. LXXVI." 
 
 WHENNE the kynge of Portyngale vndeistode that the duches of Lancastre and 
 her doughter were comynge to hyniwarde, he was therof ryght ioyfull, and sente to re- 
 ceyue them of the grettest me of his courte ; the erle of Angoses, and the erle of No- 
 uayre, syr Joliii Radyghos de Sar, syr John Feirant Perteke,' syr Vas"' Marty ne^ of 
 Mario, syr Egeas Colle, and a xx. other knyghtes, who mette with the duches a two 
 grete legges of, and ioyfully receyued them ; and the duches made frendly chere to al 
 the lordes and knyghtes, bothe with wordes and countenaunce. Thus they came to the 
 cyte of Porte," and all y ladyes and damoyseiles were lodged in the palays, and the 
 kynge came and met with the Jadyes, and kyssed them all: then after came y quene, 
 who receyued the duches her moder and her syster ryght honourably, as she that coulde 
 ryght wel do it. All the kynges courte were ryght ioyfull of the comynge of these 
 ladyes and damoyseiles: I wyil not speke of all theyr acquayntauces and good chere, 
 for I was not there present ; I knowe notliynge but by the reporte of that gentyl knyght, 
 syr John Ferrant Perteke,' who was there present, and he enfourmed me of all that I 
 know in that matter, and of many other. There the duches deuysed with the kynge of 
 Portyngale when she sawe her tyme, and shewed hym all the wordes that the duke her 
 husbande had gyuen her in charge to shewe. The kynge answered her ryght sagely, 
 and sayd, Fayre lady and cosyn, I am all redy, yf the kynge of Castell come forth into 
 the feldes, within iii. dayes I shal haue redy iii. M. speres ; they be redy in the felde on 
 the fronters of Castell ; and also I haue redy xx. M. of the comons of my royalme, who 
 be not to be refused, for thev dydde me good seruyce on a day at the batayle of Jube- 
 roth.' Syr, sayd the lady, ye speke well, and I thanke you therof; and syr, yf ony 
 thynge happen to fall to my lorde and husbande, he wyll incontynente sygnyfye you 
 therof: with these wordes and other the kynge and the duches deuysed togyder. 
 
 Nowe let vs tourne to them of Besances," and shewe howe they sped. 
 
 When these vi. men of Besances" were before the kynge of Castel, they kneled downe 
 and sayd, Ryght redoubted lorde, may it please you to vnderstande that we be sent 
 hyder fro your towne of Besances,^ who are by force in composycyon with the duke of 
 Lancastre and with y duches, and hath obteyned a sufferaunce of warre for ix. dayes, 
 so that yf ye come or sende suche a strength able to resyst the duches puyssaunce, then 
 y towne to abyde styll vnder your obeysaunce, elles they are boude and haue layde 
 hostage to delyuer vp the towne to the duke of Lancastre ; wherfore maye it please your 
 grace to gyue vs answere what we shall do in this case. The kynge answered and 
 sayd, syrs, we shall take aduyse, and then gyue you answere: therwith the kynge de- 
 parted fro them, and entred into his secret chambre. I can not tell what counsayle he 
 toke, nor howe y matter wente ; but these vi. men were there viii. dayes, and had no 
 maner of answere, nor sawe no more the kynge. Soo the day came that the towne 
 sholde be gyuen vp, and as the theyr messagers were not retourned agayne. Then }' 
 duke of Lancastre sent to Besances^ his marshall the x. day to speke with them, and to 
 
 2 G 2 comaunde 
 
 » Bctan^os. ' This chapter ought to be numbered LXXII. ' reinando Portelet. 
 
 " Vasco. ^ Oporto. ' Aljubarota. 
 
228 . THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 comaunde them to rendre vp theyr towne, or elles to stryke of the heedes of the hos- 
 tages: y m^rshall came to Besances'' to the barryers, and there spake with them of the 
 towne, and sayd, ye syrs of Besances," take hede what [ saye: my ioide the duke of 
 Lancastrc hath sente me to you, to demaunde why ye haue not brought to hym the 
 keyes of your towne, and submyt you to be vnder his obeysaunce, as ye ought to be ; 
 the ix. dayes be past, as ye knowe well, and yf ye wyll not thus do, your hostages shall 
 lese theyr heedes here before you : and after we shall assayle you and take you per- 
 force, and then ye shall all dye without mercy, lyke the of Rybadane.'' Whe y men of 
 Besances" herde those lydynges, they gretly doubled, and also fered to lese theyr 
 frendes that were in hostage with the duke, and sayd to the marshall, syr, my lorde y 
 duke hath good cause to say and do as ye haue reported ; but, syr, as yet Ave here no 
 tydynges fro our men, whom we sente to the kynge of Castel for the same cause ; we 
 wote not what is become of them. Syrs, sayd the marshall, peraduenture they are 
 kepte there styll for the tydynges they haue brought to the kynge of Castell, whiche are 
 not very plesaunt to hym to here; but my lorde the duke wyl abyde no lenger ; wher- 
 fore aduyse you to make me shorte answere, elles shortely ye shall haue assaulte. Then 
 they spake agayne and sayd, syr, we requyre you let vs assemble togyder in the towne 
 to take aduyse, and then we shal answere you. I am content, sayd the marshal. Then 
 they retourned into the towne, and, by the blastes of trompettes in euery strete, they 
 assembled togather in y market place ; then they declared to all the comonte all the 
 foresayd wordes, and so fynally they accorded to rendre vp theyr towne, and to saue 
 theyr estates y were in pryson : then they retourned to the marshall, and sayd, syr, in al 
 your demaundes we can fynde nothynge but as reason requyreth ; we are content to re- 
 ceyue my lorde the duke and my lady the duches into this towne, and to put the in pos- 
 sessyon therof: and, syr, here be the keyes, and we shall goo with you to the to theyr 
 lodgynge, yf it please you to brynge vs thyder. With ryght a good wyl, sayd the 
 marshal. Then there yssued out of Besances" a Ix. me, berynge the keyes of theyr 
 towne with them, and the marshall brought them streyght to the duke, and shewed 
 hym all theyr ententes. The duke receyued the, and delyuered the theyr hostages, 
 and the same day entred into the cyte of Besances,' and there lodged, and all his com- 
 pany as many as myglit. 
 
 Hoit'c thei/ of Besances,^ thai had ben sente to the kynge of Castell, came home to 
 their towne after it was rendred vp to the duke of Lancastre. 
 
 CAP. LXXVII.' 
 
 A FOURE dayes after that Besances' was gyuen vp, the vi. men that were sent to 
 Valeolyue"* to y kynge of Castell retourned home to theyr towne ; then it was demauded 
 of them why they had taryed so longe : they answered, ho we they myght not do ther- 
 with nor amende it, saynge howe they had spoken with the kynge, who had promysed 
 the to take counsayle and then to gyue answere ; whiche answere we taryed on viii. 
 dayes, and as yet they sayd they were retourned without answere. Then they were 
 asked no moo questyons, but they sayd howe the kynge of Castell loked for moche 
 people to come out of fraunce, and dyuers were come and lodged abrode in the coun- 
 trey ; but the capytaynes, as syr Wyllya of Lygnac and syr Gaultyer of Passac were 
 not as then come ; but all suche knyghtes and squyers in Spayne that sholde be vnder the 
 
 guydynge 
 
 » Betancos. * Ribadaria. ' This chapter ought to be numbered LXXIII. 
 
 ' Valladolid. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 229 
 
 ■Tuydynge of those ii. capytaynes were redy apparelled : but all suche as were reteyned 
 and apoynted to be vnder the duke of Borbon, were styll in theyr owne houses vpon a 
 ledynes. Thus, as ye haue herde here before, syr Wyllyani of Lygnac and syr Gaul- 
 tyer of Passac passed thrughe the royalme of Fraunce and came into Languedoc ; they 
 were mo then a M. speres, knyghtes and squyers of al countreys ; they assembled in 
 Carcassone, inNarbonoys, and in Thoulousayne, and as they came soo they lodged in 
 this good countrey ; many there were that payde lytell or nothynge for that they toke. 
 Tydynges came to the erle of Foyze, beynge at Ortays, that men of warre of Fraunce 
 approched nere to his coulrey, and wolde passe thrughe to go into Spayne ; and it was 
 sayd to hym, syr, they pay for nothynge that they take, wherfore all the comon people 
 flyeth before the as though they were englysshmen ; and the capytaynes be at Carcas- 
 sone, and theyr men thei'aboute, and so passeth the ryuer of Garon to Thoulouse, and 
 then they wyl enlre into Bygore, and so inconlynent into your countrey : and if they do 
 then as they haue done all the way, they shall do grete euyl in your coutrey of Byerne ; 
 therfore, svr, take good hede what ye vvyll do in this behalfe: y erle of Foyze, who was 
 soonecounsayledin hymselfe, sayd, I wyll that all my townes and castelles, as well in 
 Foyze as in Byerne, be prouyded for with men of warre, and all the countrey to be in a 
 redynes to entre into batayle yf nede be; I wyll not bye derely the warre of Castell ; 
 my landes be free ; yf frcnsshemen wyll passe thrughe, they shall pay truely for euery 
 thynge that they take, or elles all the passages in my countrey shal be kepte close agaynst 
 them° and, svrs, ye syr Arnalte Wyllyam, and syr Peter of Byerne, I charge you to 
 defende and kepe the countrey. These ii. knyghtes were bastarde bretherne, and ryght 
 valyaunt men in amies: they toke on them this charge. Then in all the erle of Foyze 
 countrey it was ordeyned that euery man sholde haue armure redy, as they were wonte 
 to haue, or better, and to be redy dayly whensoeuer they were commaunded. Then in 
 Byerne, and in Foyze, and in Thoulouse euery man was redy to entre into batayle ; and 
 there was sente to y cyte of Palmes a C. speres of good men of armes ; syr Espayne du 
 Lyon Avas sent to Sanredun,* syr Cycart of saynt Lygyer'' to Maryzes,'' and syr Peter of 
 Byerne was with a C, speres at Bellpount,"^ at the entre of the erldome of Foyze; at 
 saynt Thybaulte on y ryuer of Garon, was sir Peter of Cabestan ; and syr Peter Means' of 
 Noyalles, with I. speres, at Polamnuche ;' and syr Peter of Toce, at the castell of Mesun ;' 
 the bastarde of Esperung" at Morlens ; syr Arnolde Wyllyam, with a C. speres, atPau; 
 syr Guy de la mote at mounte Marsen ; syr Raymon of newe castel' at Sauuetere ; syr 
 yuayne of Foyze, the erles bastardes sone, at Mountesquyu ; syr Verdoll of Nenosan, 
 and syr John of saynt Marcell, al Oron ; syr Hector de la garde at mounte Garbell ; 
 John of Nowe castell' at Ertyell: and the erle sente to syr John lane," beynge at the 
 castell of Beawuoyson, to take good hede to all his fronters ; and he sent to saynt 
 Gaudes a cosyn of his, syr Ernalton of Spayne; breuely, there was nother towne nor 
 castel in Foyze nor in Byerne but were refresshed w newe men of war, and they sayd 
 they were men ynowe to resyst double y nombre of other me of armes, for they were in 
 all to y nombre of a xx. M. men of war of chosen men. 
 
 Tidynges came to syr Wyllyam of Lygnac beynge at Thoulouse, and to syr Gaultyer 
 of Passac beynge at Carcassone, howe y erle of Foyze prouyded men of armes and fur- 
 nysshed euery garyson ; and the renome ranne that he wolde suffre none to passe thrughe 
 his countre, wherof these ii. capytaynes were sore abasshed ; and tiien they apoynted to 
 mete in the myd way to speke togyder at the castell of D'aurey, howe they sholde do 
 with the erle of Foyze; then syr Wyllyam sayd, syr Gaultyer, to say truly, it is grete 
 
 meruayle 
 
 ■* This seems to be the name of a captain who was sent with Sir Espayn du Lyon, to command at Palmes. — 
 
 Lyons' edit. '' Before called Luperier, p. 59. ' Mozeres. " Belipuech. 
 
 ■■ Menaux. ' Polaminich. « Lamesun. " D'Espaing. ' Chastel-neuf. 
 
 ' L'Aisne. 
 
230 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 meruayle that tlie frensshe kynge and his cousayle haue not wryten to hym to open 
 peasybly his countrey. Well, syr, sayd syr Gaultyer, it is necessary that ye go and 
 speke with y erle, and shewe hym in curtoys nianer that we be sente by the frensshe 
 kynge this way to passe peasybly, and to pay for all that we take : surely the erle of 
 Foyze is so grete and myghty, that yf he lyst we gete noo passage thrughe his countrey, 
 then we must passe thrughe Aragon, whiche is farre of: I can not tell why the erle 
 maketh suche doubles, nor why he soo fortefyeth his garysons, nor whether he haue 
 made ony alyaunce with y duke of Lancastre or no. 1 desyre you go to hym, and 
 knowe the trouthe ; ye se howe our men dayly passe into Bygore. I am contente, sayd 
 syr Gaultyer ; and so toke these ii. capytaynes leue eche of other : syr Wyllya of Lyg- 
 nac retourned to Thoulouse, and syr Gaultyer, with xl. horse, wente and passed y ryuer 
 of Garon at saynt Thybaulte, and there he founde syr Menalte of Nouayles, Avho made 
 hym grete chere: syr Gaultyer demanded of hym where he sholde fynde the erle of 
 Foyze? He answered hym, at Ortays. These ii. knyghtes were a season togyder, and 
 comoned of dyuers matters ; then syr Gaultyer departed and came to saynt Gaudes, and 
 there he had good chere: the nexte day he rode to saynt John de Ryuyer, and rode all 
 thelawne of Bone,' and costed Mauuoysyn, and lay at Tournay, a close towne, and y 
 nexte daye he rode to dyner to Tarbe, and there taryed all day, and there founde the 
 lorde Danchyn and syr Menalte of Barbason, two grete lordes of Bierne : they spake 
 with hym of many thynges, and bycause that the lorde of Barbason was of the partye of 
 the erle of Armynacke, he coulde speke no good worde of the erle of Foyze. The 
 nexte daye lie departed and wente to Morlans in Byerne, and there he founde syr Ray- 
 nolde wyllya, bastarde broder to the erle of Foyze, who receyued hym with good chere, 
 and he shewed syr Gaultyer howe he sholde fynde the erle at Ortays, and howe he 
 wolde be ryght glad of his comynge. God graunte it, sayd syr Gaultyer; for to speke 
 with hym I am come into this countrey. Soo they dyned togyder, and after dyner syr 
 Gaultyer wente to his lodgynge to mounte Gabryel, and the nexte daye, by iii. of the 
 clocke, he came to Ortays, and could not speke with the erle y day tyll the nexte daye at 
 afternoone, when the erle accustomed to come abrode. 
 
 The nexte daye, when the erle of Foyze knewe that syr Gaultyer of Passac was come 
 to speke with hym somvvhat, he made the more hast to yssue out of his chambre. Then 
 syr Gaultyer dyd salute hym; and the erle, who knew as moche of honour as ony 
 knyght, dyd salute hym agayne, and toke syr Gaultyer by y hande, and sayd, syr, ye 
 be ryght hartely welcome ; what busynes hath brought y^ou into this countrey of Byerne? 
 Syr, sayd the knyght, syr Wyllyam Lygnac and I are commytted by the frensshe kynge 
 to conduyte into Gastell certayne men of armes, as ye haue herde or this, and howe y 
 ye wyl let our iourney and close your countrey of Byerne agaynst vs and our company. 
 Then the erle of Foyze sayd, syr Gaultyer, that is not soo; for I wyll not close nor 
 kepe my countrey agaynst you, nor agaynst ony man y wyll peasybly passe and pay to 
 my people for that they take ; whiche fredome I haue sworne to kepe, and to maynteyne, 
 and mynystre to them Justyce, as euery lorde is bounde to do to his subiectes ; for that 
 entente lordes haue theyr sygnoryes ; but it hath ben shewed me that ye brynge with 
 you a maner of Bretons, Barroys, Loraynes, and Borgonyons, who knowe not what 
 payne meaneth ; and agaynst suche people I wyll close my countrey, for I wyll kepe 
 my people in theyr fraunches and ryghtes. Syr, sayd the knyght, the entente of me 
 and my companyon is, that none shall passe thrughe your lande without they pay 
 peaseably to the agrement of the poore me, or elles to be taken and corrected accord- 
 ynge to the vsage of your countrey, and they to make restytucyon for euery domage by 
 them done, or elles we to satysfye for theyr trespasses, so theyr bodyes may be dely- 
 
 uered 
 
 ' JLaneburff. " Arnold. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 231 
 
 >iered to vs ; and without he be a gentyll man, we shal make Justyce to be done of his 
 body before your men, that all other shall take therliy ensample ; and yf he be a gentyl 
 ma, we shal cause hym to rendre and restore ony domage by hym done, or elles we 
 shall doo it for hym; this crye Ave shall make with a trompet in euery mannes lodg- 
 ynge, and also declare it agayne to them or they entre into ony parte of your lande, so 
 that none shall exscuse them of neglygence. Syr, may this suHyse and contente you. 
 Then y erle sayd, syr Gaultyer, yf this be done, I am well contente, and ye shall be wel- 
 come into this countrey; I wyll be glad to see you ; let vs goo to dyner, and then we 
 shall talke more togyder. 
 
 Syr, sayd the erle, cursed be y warre bytwene Portyngale and Castel ; I ought gretly 
 to complayne of it, for I neuer lost so nioche as I dyd at one season in y warre bytwene 
 those two royalmes, for all my chefe men of warre of Byerne were there slayne ; and 
 yet I shewed them or they wente that they sholde make theyr warre wysely, lor I sayd 
 the Portyngales were harde men to mete withall, and cruell of dedes ; yf they haue the 
 oner hande of theyr enemyes, they haue no mercy ; syr Gaultyer, 1 speke it that when 
 ye and your companyon come into Castell, syth ye two be the chefe capytaynes of them 
 that are passed and shall passe, and peraduenture ye shall be requyred by the kynge of 
 Castell to gyue your counsayle and aduyse ; be wel aduysed that ye gyue not to hasty 
 cousayle to aduaunce to fyght with your aduersaryes, y duke of Lancastre, the kynge of 
 Portyngale, the Englysshemen, or the Portyngales, for all these be famylyer togyder 
 and be all as one: and the englysshemen desyre to haue batayle by ii. reasons; one is, 
 of a grete season they haue had noo profyte ; they be poore, and haue wonne nothynge 
 of a longe tyme, but rather spende and haue lost ; wherfore they wyll be redy to 
 auaunce themselfe, in hope to gete some newe profyte ; and suche people as be aduen- 
 turers desyrynge other mennes goodes, wyll fyght with a hardy courage, and often 
 tymes fortune serueth them well ; the other reason is, the duke of Lancastre knoweth 
 surely that he can not come parfytely nor peasybly to the herytage of Castell, whiche he 
 demaundeth to haue by the ryght of his wyfe, whom he calleth ryghtfull enherytoure, 
 but all onely by batayle, for he knoweth well yf he myght haue and obteyne one iour- 
 ney agaynst the kynge of Castell, that all the countrey then wolde yelde to hym and 
 trymble before hym ; and for this entente he is come into Galyce, and hath gyuen one 
 of his doughters in raaryage to the kynge of Portyngale, to the entente that he sholde 
 ayde his quarell ; and, syr, I saye this to you, for if the matter sholde fall otherwyse 
 then well, ye and your feiowe shall here more blame then ony other. Syr, sayd syr 
 Gaultyer, I thanke you of your good aduertysement : and, syr, my seruyce shall be 
 redy to doo you pleasure, for at this day ye be amonge other crysten prynces reputed 
 for one of the moost sagest and happyest in all your aduentures ; but, syr, my com- 
 panyon and I haue one aboue vs who is chefe souerayne of all our company; that is 
 the duke of Borbon ; and tyll he be come into Castell, we shall make no hast to fyght 
 with our enemyes, whatsoeuer ony man saye ; so they entred into other talkynge, tyll 
 the erle of Foyze demaunded for wyne. Then they dranke, and soo toke leue ; the 
 erle entred into his chambre, and syr Gaultyer retourned to his lodgynge, well accom- 
 panyed with the erles knyghtes, and so supped togyder. 
 
 The nexte day after dyner syr Gaultyer toke his leue of the erle of Foyze, and be- 
 syde other thynges the erle gaue hym a fayre cOurser and a mule : syr Gaultyer thanked 
 the erle, and so departed out of Ortays, and lay the same nyght at Ercyell and the 
 nexte nyght at Tarbe ; he rode that daye a grete iourney, and Uien he determyned to 
 sende Iro thens to syr Wyllyam of Lygnac, and soo he dyd, aduertysynge hym howe 
 he had spedde with the erle of Foyze, and desyrynge hym to come on forwarde with all 
 
 theyr 
 
232 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 theyr companyes and shewynge liym howe the countrey of Byerne and all the good 
 townes sliolde be open, payenge tiewely lor that they lake, or eiles not. 
 
 Tliis messaaere dydde soo moche, tliat he came to Thoiouse and dydde his message 
 and delyuered his letters. 
 
 And when syr wyllyam hadde redde the contynewe hereof, he made it to be knowen 
 to all his company that they sholde set on forwarde, soo that as soone as they entred ony 
 parte of the erle of Foyze lande to pay for euery thynge that they sholde take, elles 
 iheyr capytaynes to answere for euery thynge; this was cryed by the sounde of a trom- 
 pet fro lodgynge to lodgynge, to the entente that euery man sholde knowe it ; then 
 euery man dyslodged out of y marches of Thoiouse, Carcassone, Lymousin, and of 
 Marbon, and so entred into Bygore ; and syr Wyllyam of Lygnac toke his hors, and 
 rode to Tarbe to syr Gaultyer his companyon, and there made good chere togyder, and 
 theyr bandes and rowtes passed by and assembled togyder in Bygore, to ryde in company 
 thrughe the countrey of Byerne, and to passe at Ortays y ryuer of Gaure, whiche ren- 
 neth to Bayon. 
 
 At the yssuynge out of the countrey of Byerne is the entre of the countrey of Bys- 
 quey, in y whiche countrey as theny kyng of englande helde grete landes in y bysshop- 
 ryches of Burdeaus and Bayon ; there were a Ixxx. townes with steples that helde of tiie 
 kynge of englande ; and when they vnderstode of y passage of these frensshmen thrugh 
 theyr countrey, they were in doubte of oner rynnynge, brennynge, and exylynge, for 
 as then there were no men of war of theyr partye in all that countrey to defende theyr 
 fronters ; the sage men drewe togyder, and sente to trete with the frensshe capytaynes 
 and to bye theyr peas: then they sent to Ortays iiii. men, hauynge auctoryte to make 
 theyr peas. These iiii. men met by the way with a squyer of the erle of Foyze, called 
 Ernalton du Pyn, and shewed hym all theyr matter, desyrynge hym to heipe the to 
 speke with syr Gaultyer of Passac and syr Wyllyam of Lygnac when they came to 
 Ortays, whiche sholde be within iii. or iiii.dayes after, and to heIpe to ayde to make 
 theyr peas ; and he answered, that he wolde do so with a good wyll. The nyght that 
 the capytayns came to Ortays, they were lodged at y same squyers house, and there 
 he ayded them of Bysquey to make theyr apoyntment, and they to pay ii. M. frankes, 
 and theyr countrey saued fro brennynge and robbynge. The erle of Foyze gaue a dyner 
 to these capytaynes, and to syr Wyllyam of Lygnac a fayre courser. The nexte daye 
 they passed to Sameterre,^ and entred into the countrey of Bysquey, whiche was re- 
 demed ; they toke vytayles where as they myght gete it, and so passed thrughe the coun- 
 try without doyng of ony other domage, and so came to saynt Johris de Pye of Porte,"" at 
 the entre of Nauare. 
 
 Sauveterre. '' St. Jean Pied de Port. 
 
 Howe 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 233 
 
 Horn syr Jo/ian Holande and syr Raynolde de Roy fought togyder in lysles before 
 the duke of Lancastre in the tomie of Besances.^ 
 
 CAP. LXXVIII." 
 
 HERE before ye haue herde howe the towne of Besauces' was put in composycyon 
 with y duke of Lancastre, and howe it was yelden vp to hym, for y kynge of Castell 
 dyd comforte hym nothyna;e ; and howe y duches of Lancastre and lier doughter came 
 toy cyte of Porte'' in Portyngale, to se the kynge and the quene there, and howe the 
 kynge and y lordes there receyued them ioyfully as it was reason ; and thus ^v•hyle the 
 duke of Lancastre soiourned in tlie towne of Besances,^ tydynges came thyder fro 
 Valeoiyue," brought by an heraulde of fraunce, who demaunded where was the lodg- 
 ynge of syr Johii Holande : and so he was brought thyder ; then he kneled downe before 
 hym, and delyuered hym a letter, and sayd, syr, I am an offycer of armes, sent hyder 
 to you fro syr Raynolde du Roy, who saluteth you ; yf it please you to rede your letter. 
 Then syr John sayd, vV ryght a good wyll, and thou arte ryght welcome: and opened 
 his letter and redde it, wherin was conteyned howe syr Raynolde du Roy desyred hym 
 in the way of amours and for the loue of his lady to delyuer hym of his chalenge, iii. 
 courses with a spere, iii. strokes w a sworde, iii. with a dagger, and iii. with an axe ; and 
 that if it wolde please hym to come to Valeoiyue,'' he wolde prouyde for hym and Ix. 
 horse a sure saufcoduyte ; yf not, he wolde come to Besances' with xxx. horses, so that 
 he wolde gete for hym a saufcondyte of the duke of Lancastre. When syr John Ho- 
 lande had red these letters, he began to smyle, and behelde the heraulde and sayd, 
 frende, thou arte welcome ; thou hast brought me tydynges y pleaseth me ryght wel, and 
 I accepte his desyre ; thou shalte abyde here in my house w my company, and to morovye 
 thou shalte haue answere where our armes shal be accomplysshed, outher in Galyce or m 
 Castell. Syr, sayd y heraulde, as it pleaseth god and you. 
 
 The heraulde was there at his ease, and syr Johii wente to the duke, and founde hym 
 talkynge with the marshal! : then he shewed them his tydynges and the letters. Well, 
 sayd the duke, and haue ye accepted his desyre? Ye, truely syr, sayd he ; and I de- 
 syre nothynge so moche as dedes of armes, and the knyght hath desyred me ; but nowe, 
 syr, where shall it be your pleasure that we doo our armes? The duke studyed a 
 lytell, and then sayd, I wyll that they be done in this towne ; make a saufconduyte for 
 hym, as it shall please you, and I shall scale it. In the name of god, sayd syr John, that 
 is well sayd. The saufconduyte was wryten for hyni and xxx. knyghtes and squyers to 
 come saufe and go saufe. Then syr John Holande delyuered it to the heraulde, and 
 gaue hym a manteil furred with myneuer, and xii. aungell nobles. The heraulde toke 
 his lene and retourned to Valeoiyue'' to his mayster, and there shewed howe he had 
 sped, and delvuered the saufconduyte: on y other parte, tydynges came to the cyte of 
 Porte'' to the kynge of Portyngale and to the ladyes there, howe that these dedes of 
 armes sholde be done at Besances." Well, sayd the kynge, I wyll be therat, and the 
 quene my wyfe, with other ladyes and damoyselles ; and the duches of Lancastre, who 
 was as then there, thanked the kynge in that she sholde at her retourne be accompanyed 
 wiih the kynge and with y quene ; it was not longe after but the tyme approched. 
 Then the kynge of Portyngale, the quene, the duches and her other doughter, with other 
 Jadyes and damoyselles, rode forth in grete aray towarde Besanccs;" and when the duke 
 
 Vol. II. 2 H of 
 
 • Betaii^os. •• Tliis chanter ought to be numbered LXXIV. " Oporto. 
 
 " Valladohd. 
 
234 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 of Lancastre knew that y kynge came thyder, he toke his hors and many other lordes 
 and yssued out of Besances," and met the kynge and y ladyes ; thei e y kynge and the 
 duke made grete cheie togyder, and so entred togyder into y towne, and theyr^lodo^ynge 
 appoynted as it aperteyned accordynge to the maner of y countrey, and that was not 
 so easye nor large as thoughe they had ben at Parys. 
 
 Aboute a iii. dayes after that the kynge of Portyngale was come to Besances,^ thyder 
 came syr Reynolde du Roy, well accompanyed with knyghtes and squyers ; he hadde 
 a vi. score horses, and they were all well lodged, for the duke of Lancastre hadde pre- 
 payred redy theyr lodgynges. Then y nexte daye syr Johfi Holande and syr Raynolde 
 Roy were armed and mounted on theyr horses, and soo came to a fayre place, redy 
 sanded, where they sholde do theyr armes, and scafoldes redy made for the kynge and 
 for the ladyes, and for the duke and other lordes of englande, for they were all come 
 thyder to se y dedes of armes of these ii. knyghtes ; they came into the felde as well 
 appoynted as coulde be deuysed, and there was brought in theyr speres, theyr axes, 
 and theyr swordes, and well horsed : and so eche of them a good dystaunce fro other 
 made theyr tournes and fryskes fresshly, for they knewe well they were regarded ; 
 euery thyn^e was ordeyned at theyr desyre, and all theyr armes graunted, excepte the 
 vtteraunce r howbeit, no man knewe what sholde fal of theyr bodyes, for syth they were 
 thyder come they must nedes mete at y poynte of theyr speres, and after that with 
 theyr swordes, and then with axes and daggers : loo what daunger they were in to the 
 entente to exhaulte theyr honoure, for theyr lyues lay but in the mysaduenture of one 
 stroke : thus they ranne togyder, and met as euen as thoughe they hadde rynne by a 
 lyne, and strake eche other in the vysoure of theyr helmes, so that syr Raynolde du 
 Roy brake his spere in iiii. peces, and y sheuers flewe a grete hyght into y ayre, whiche 
 course was gretely praysed : syr John Holande strake syr Raynolde in lykewyse in y 
 Vysoure, but the stroke was of no force ; I shall shewe you why : syr Raynolde had the 
 vysoure of his helme made at auautage, for it was tyed but with a small lase ; the lase 
 brake with y stroke and the helme flewe of his heed, so that the knyght was bare heeded, 
 and so passed forth theyr course, and syr Johii dyscharged and bare his stafFe fresshely ; 
 then euery man sayd it was a goodly course. 
 
 Then these knyghtes retourned to theyr owne places, and syr Raynolde was helmed 
 agayne and had a newe spere, and so they ranne togyder agayne ; they were bothe wel 
 horsed, and coulde well guyde the : they strake eche other on the helmes, so that the 
 fyer flewe out ; y speres brake not, but syr raynoldes helme agayne flewe of his heed. 
 A, sayd the Englysshmen, y frenssheman hath auauntage. Why is not his helme as 
 fast boded as syr John of Holandes is? we thynke he dothe wronge ; let hym set his 
 helme in lyke case as his companyon hathe done his. Holde your peas, syrs, sayd the 
 duke of Lancastre ; let them dele in armes ; let euery ma take his aduauntage as he 
 thynketh best : yf syr John Holande thynke y the other knyght haue aduauntage, let hym 
 set on his helme in lyke maner ; but as for me, sayd the duke, and I were in lyke armes 
 as these ii. knyghtes be, I wolde haue my helme as fast bocled as I coulde ; and I thynke 
 here be many of the same oppynyon. Then the engiysshemen spake no moo wordes : 
 and the ladyes and damoyselles sayd howe the knyghtes held iusted well and goodly; 
 and the kynge of Portyngale sayd the same, and spake to syr Johii Ferant,' and sayd, 
 syr John, in our countrey knyghtes iust not in this goodly maner. Syr, sayd he, these 
 knyghtes do lust wel ; and, syr, I haue sene or this y frensshmen iust before y kynge 
 your broder, when we were at Elyres," agaynst the kynge of Casiell ; lyke iustes I sawe 
 there bytwene syr wyllyam Wyndsore and another i'rensshe knyght : but theyr helmes 
 
 were 
 
 ' BetaiKjos. •■ Combat a I'outrance. "To extremity." 'Fernando. " Elvas. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 235 
 
 were faster tyed then this knyghtes helme is :' then the kynge regarded agayne the two 
 knyghtes, to se theyr thyrde course. 
 
 Thus they ranne togyder y thyrde course, and regarded eche other wysely to take 
 theyr aduauntage ; they myght well so doo, for theyr horses serued them at theyr 
 wysshyna;, and so they strake eche other agayne on the helme in suche wyse y theyr 
 eyen trimbled in tiieyr heedes and theyr staues brake, and agayne syr Raynoldes helme 
 flewe of his heed, and so eche other passed forth theyr course and demeaned themselfe 
 fresshly, so that euery man sayd howe they had nobly iusted ; but the englysshmen 
 blamed gretely syr Raynolde du Roy in that his helme was no faster set on his heed; 
 but the duke of Lancastre blamed hym nothyng, but sayd, I thynke hym wyse that can 
 in feates of armes seke his lawfuU aduauntage ; it semeth well y syr Raynolde is not to 
 lerne to iust, he knoweth more therin then syr John doth, thoughe he haue borne hyra- 
 selfe ryght well. So thus after theyr courses with theyr speres they toke theyr axes, 
 and dyd theyr armes with them, and gaue eche other iii. grete strokes on theyr helmes, 
 and then they fought with theyr swordes and after with theyr daggers, and when all was 
 done there was none of them hurte. The frensshmen brought syr Raynolde to his 
 lodgynge, and the Englysshmen syr Johii Holande to his. The same day the duke of 
 Lancastre made a dyner to all the frensshmen in his lodgynge, and the duches set at the 
 table by the duke, and syr Raynolde du Roy bynethe her: after dyner they wente into 
 a counsayle chambre, and y duches toke syr Raynolde by the hande, and made hym to 
 entre as sone as herselfe; and there she comoned with hym and other of the frensshe 
 knyghtes tyll it was tyme to call for drynke; then y duches sayd to the frensshe 
 knyghtes, syrs, I haue meruayle of you, that ye do susteyne y wronge oppynyon of a 
 bastarde ; for ye knowe well, and soo dothe all the worlde, that Henry that was some- 
 tyme called kynge of Castel was a bastarde ; therfore what iust cause haue you to sus- 
 teyne that quarell, and ayde to your power to dysheryte the ryght ayre of Castell? for I 
 knowe well, and soo dothe all the worlde, that I and my syster were doughters by law- 
 full maryage to kyng Peter : wherfore god knoweth what ryght we haue to the royalme 
 of Castell ; and the good lady, whe she spake of her fader, she wepte. Then syr Ray- 
 nolde du Roy made his obeysaunce and sayd, Madame, we knowe ryght well that all is 
 of trouth that ye haue sayd ; howbeit, y kynge our mayster is of the contrary oppyn- 
 yon agaynst you, and we be his subiectes, and must make warre at his pleasure, and go 
 where as he wyll sende vs ; we maye not say nay. So the duches departed to the duke, 
 and y frensshe knyghtes dranke, and then toke theyr leues and wente to theyr lodgynge, 
 and there euery thynge was redy to departe, and then they mounted and departed fro 
 Besances," and rode the same daye to Noy,' and there they rested, and then rode forth 
 tyll they came to Valeolyue.'' 
 
 This passage is strangely corrupt; the proper reading is—" I have before seen this frenchman joust against 
 Sir William Windsor before your brother, when we were opposed to the king- ofCastille at Elvas; he then 
 jousted well, but I never heard that he fastened on his helojet more tightly than he has now done. 
 Lyons' edit. " Betan90s. ' Noya. t Valladolid. 
 
 2 H 2 Hoyye 
 
236 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 Howe the kynge of Portyngale and (he duke of Lancastre delermyned to entre into 
 
 the royalme of Castell. 
 
 CAP. LXXIX.'' 
 
 AFTER these decles of armes done, as I liaue recorded, the kynge of Portyngale 
 and the duke of Lancastre toke counsayle togyder, and determyned to ryde and to entre 
 into Castell within a shorte space, and that the kynge of Portyngale with all his power 
 sholde ryde on the fronters and so to entre into Castell, and the duke and his rowte to 
 entre on the boundes of Galyce, and to conquere suche townes and fortresses as were 
 agaynst hvm ; and yf Johii of Castell dyd assemble his oost agaynst them to make ba- 
 tayle, the bothe theyr oostes to drawe togyder ; it was thought moost necessary to haue 
 theyr oostes n^oi.dre tyll nede Avere rather than togyder, to exchewe sykenes y myght 
 fall, and to li lue the more easyer lodgynge and foragynge, in exchewyng of debates 
 and dyscordes, for englysshmen be hasty and prowde in y felde, and the Portyngales 
 hole and dysdaynful and can not suffre ; but it was thought y in a grete iourney of ba- 
 tayle they sholde ryght wel agree togyder: this cousayle was determyned, and the 
 kynge sayd to the duke, syr, as soone as I haue knowledge that ye set forwarde, I shall 
 doo in lyke case, for I and my men be redy, and they desyre nothynge elles but ba- 
 tayle. Syr, sayd the duke, and 1 shall not longe syt styll : it is shewed me howe as yet 
 there be certayne townes in Galyce y rebell agaynst vs ; I wyll goo and vysyte them, 
 and after that I wyll seke out for our enemyes whersoeuer I can fyude them. Thus 
 the kynge of Portyngale toke leue of the duke and duches, and in lyke wyse so dyd the 
 queue Phelyp and her yonge syster katheryne, for it was ordeyned that the yonge lady 
 sholde abyde al the warre season with her syster the quene at the cyte of Porte*" in Por- 
 tyngale ; it was thought she coulde not be in ony better kepynge : and y duches re- 
 tourned to saynt Jaques in Galyce: so thus euery body departed thyder as they sholde 
 doo; the kynge to the cyte of Porte,'' and the duches to the towne of saynt Jaques, well 
 accompanyed with knyghtes and squyers ; and the duke taryed at Besances'^ and there 
 aboute, and prepayred shortly to set (brwarde; he was desyrous to departe, bycanse it 
 was in the ioly lusty moneth of Aprell, at whiche season in Galyce the grasse is lull 
 growen, and all theyr corne, and herbes, floures, and fruytes redy rype ; the countrey is 
 so bote, y in the begynnynge of June haruest is past : the duke thought the season 
 goodly to set forwarde his army. 
 
 Nowe let vs somwhat speke of the orderynge of the frensshmen and of kynge John 
 of Castell, as well as we haue done of the englysshemen. 
 
 This chapter ought to be numbered LXXV. '' Oporto. ' Betanjos. 
 
 Howe 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 237 
 
 Hoiye syr wi/llj/din of Lygnac and sj/r Gaullyer of Passac came to the ayde of kynge 
 
 Jolian of Caslell. 
 
 CAP. LXXX.' 
 
 HERE before ye liaue herde howe syr Wyllyam of Lygnac and syr Gaultyer of 
 Passac dyd so moche by tbeyr wyse entreatyno;e of the erie of Foyze, y he suffred them 
 peasybly to passe thrughe his countrcy of Byerne to go hito Castel ; and besyde that, 
 the erle gaue them grete rewardes, for there were noo knyghtes nor squyers, straungers, 
 that came to se hyni, but that he wolde largely rewarde tliem accordynge to tlieyr de- 
 grees ; to some a C Horeynes, to some CC. floreynes, and xxx. or xl ; so tlial this sayd 
 fyrst passage of the Frensshemen cost the erle of Foyze, as his owne treasourer shewed 
 me, the some of a M. frankes, besyde horses and other thynges that he gaue: to say 
 trouth, surely it is grete domage y suche a persone sholde be olde or dye; he had no 
 mermoseltes aboute hym to say, syr, take here, and gyue this, and pynche and pyl the 
 people ; surely he had none suche aboute hym, he dyd euery thynge on his owne 
 mynde, for naturally he had grete wysdome, and coulde gyue where nede was, and 
 take as it became hym best; and, by reasan of his larges and grete expences, somtyme 
 he trauayled his subiectes, for his reuenewes were not suffycyent to here out his gyftes, 
 whiche were yerely Ix. M. frankes, y whiche lyke haue not ben sene nor herde of ony 
 other ; yet he assembled his treasoure for double of all aduenlures in xxx. yere xxx. 
 tymes a C. M. frankes, and yet for all that liis people alwayes prayde to god for his 
 longe lyfe: and I herde it reported, howe when he dyed'' there were in Foyze and in 
 Byerne x. M. persones that sayd y they wolde gladly haue dyed with hym, wherby it is- 
 to be thought that they sayd not so without it had ben for grete loue y they had to their 
 lorde ; and surely if they loued hym, they dyd but ryght and accordynge to reason, for 
 he alwayes maynteyned them in theyr ryght and kepte euer true iustyce, for all his 
 lades, and the people therin had as grete lyberte and fraunchesse, and lyued in as good 
 peas as thoughe they had ben in paradyse terrestre. I say not this for flattery, nor for 
 fauour nor loue that I here hym, nor lor the gyftes that he hath gyuen me; but I can 
 welt proue all that I haue sayd, for I am sure there be a M. knyghtes and squyers wyll 
 saye the same. 
 
 Nowe let vs retourne to syr Wyllyam of Lygnac and to syr Gaultyer of Passac, who 
 were capytaynes and souerayne leders of all the frensshe armye ; when they were passed 
 the countrey of Bysquey and the pase of Rounceuall, whiche cost them iii. dayes a 
 passynge, the mountaynes Avere so full of snowe, for all that it was in the moneth of 
 Aprell, yet they and theyr horses hadde moche payne to passe thrughe. Then they 
 came towardes Panpylona, and there they founde the royalme of Nauare redy open for 
 to suffre them to passe thrughe, for the kynge of Nauare wolde not doo no dyspleasure 
 to the kynge of Castell, bycause his sone, syr Charles of Nauare, had to his wyfe as 
 then the kynge of Castelles syster ; and when the peas was made bytvvene kynge Henry 
 and the fader of kynge Johii of Nauare, they made and promysed grete alyaunce togy- 
 der, whiche they longe kepte: for the kynge of Nauare was not able to resyst the kynge 
 of Castell, without he had grete alyaunce and comforte of y kynge of Aragon, or elles 
 of y kynge of englande. 
 
 These capytaynes of Fraunce came to Pampylona, whcic the kynge of Nauare was, 
 
 who 
 
 ' This chapter ought to be numbered LXXVI. '' " When he should die." 
 
238 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 who receyued them ioyfully, and made them to dyne with hym in his palays ; 'after 
 dyner he led them into his chambie, and there comoned w them of dyuers thynges, for 
 y kynge there was a wyse man and a subtell and well langaged: and amonge other 
 thynges he shewed them howe }' frensshe kynge and his counsayle had ben dyspleased 
 ■with hym without a cause, and wrongfully had taken fro hym his herytage and landes 
 in Normandy, whiche he ought to haue by successyon of his predecessom i. kyncres of 
 fraunce and of Nauare, whiche he sayd he coulde not forgete, seynge he hud taken fro 
 hym in Normandy, Languedoc, and in the barony of Mountpellyer, the some of Ix.M. 
 frankes of yerely reuenues : and he sayd he wyst not to whome to complayne to haue 
 ryght, but all onely to god. Syrs, sayd the kyng, I say not this to you, bycause ye 
 sholde addresse my Avronges, for I knowe well it lyeth not in your power, for I thynke 
 the frensshe kynge wyll do but lytell for you in that behalfe, for ye be none of his coun- 
 sayle: ye be but knyghtes, aduenturers, and sowdyours, to go wheresoeuer he sende 
 you ; but I speke this in maner of complaynte to al knyghtes in Fraunce that passe by 
 me. Then syr Gaultyer of Passac sayd, syr, your wordes be true, yf that you saye that 
 our kynge for all vs wyll nother gyue nor take ; for surely, syr, we be not of his coun- 
 sayle, but redy to go where as he wyll sende vs ; but, syr, the duke of Borbon, who is 
 our souerayne capytayne and vncle to our kynge, cometh after vs this samewaye; 
 outher goynge or retournynge ye maye shewe hym your busynes, by hym ye maye be 
 addressed of all your complayntes ; and, syr, we praye to god that he may rewarde you 
 of the honour that ye haue done to vs ; and, syr, we shall shewe your curtoysye to our 
 kyng and to his counsayle when we retourne into fraunce, and also to the duke of Bor- 
 bone, who is our chefe capytayne, whome we trust to se or we se the kyng ; and then 
 wyne was brought, and they dranke and toke theyr leue of the kynge, and y kynge re- 
 warded them largely, and sente to eche of them to theyr lodgyng goodly horses, wherof 
 •they had grete ioye. 
 
 Thus these men of warre passed thrugh the royalme of Nauare and came to Groyne,* 
 and there demaunded where they sholde fynde the kynge of Castell ; and it was shewed 
 them howe he had lyen at Valeolyue" a grete season, but as then they sayd they thought 
 he was at Burgus in Spayne, there makynge his prouysyon ; then they toke the way to 
 Burgus, and lefte the way to Galyce, for that waye was not sure for them, for the En- 
 glysshemen were sore abrode in the countrey. Tydynges came to the kynge of Castell 
 howe socoures came to hym out of fraunce to the nombre of ii. M. speres, wherof he was 
 ryght glad, and so departed fro Valeolyue'' and rode to Burgus with a vi.' M. hors. 
 Thus these frensshmen of armes came to Burgus, and lodged theraboute abrode in the 
 countrey, and dayly thyder came men of warre ; and syr wyllyam of Lygnac and syr 
 Gaultyer of Passac came to the kynge into his palays, who receyued them swetely, and 
 thanked them of the payne and grete trauayle that they had taken for his sake as to 
 come thyder to serue hym. The knyghtes made theyr reuerence and sayd, syr, yf we 
 maye do you ony seruyce to please you, our paynes shall soone be forgoten ; but, syr, 
 and it please you to take aduyse howe we shal do, outher to ryde agaynst our enemyes, 
 or elles to make them warre by garysons tyll suche season as the duke of Borbon be 
 come ; and, syr, yf it please you ye maye sende for syr Olyuer of Clysquy,'' we knowe 
 well he is in his countrey, and for syr Peter of Vyllaynes, the Barroys of Barres, Chatell 
 Morant, and the other companyons who haue haunted this countrey more then we haue 
 done, for they were here longe before vs ; and then let vs al counsayle togyder, and 
 with gofldes grace you and your royalme shal haue honoure and profyte. Syrs, sayd 
 the kynge, ye spel-e wysely, and thus shal it be done. Then clerkes were set aworke, 
 and letters made and messagcrs oent forthe into dyuers places to the knyghtes and men 
 
 of 
 
 ; Logrono. " Valladolid. "^ X. " Du Guesclin. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 259 
 
 of warre there as they were spred abrode in the countrey ; and when they knewe that 
 syr Wyllyam of Lvgnac and syr Gaultyer of Passac were at Burgus with the kynge, 
 they were gretely reioyced therof : then these knyglites and other companyons departed 
 fro theyr g^irysons, and lefte tliem in sure kepynge, and so rode to Burgus in spayne; 
 soo that there was a grete nombre of Frensshe men of warre. 
 
 Then the kynge of Castel and his lordes and knyghtes of fraunce went to cousayle to- 
 <ryder, to se how they sholde maynteyne theyr warre, for they knewe well theyr ene- 
 myes rode abrode and keple y feldes ; wherfure they thought to prouyde some remedy 
 to the honoure of the kynge and profyte of the royalme of Castell. So there were 
 many matters debated in this counsayle, and then all theyr people were nombred, and 
 it was sayd that of the royalme selfe they myght well brynge togyder a xxx. M. horses, 
 and the men well armed, after the vsage of Castell, with dartes and Jauelyns, and foote 
 men castynge stones out of slynges other xxx. M. The frensshe knyghtes amonge them- 
 selfe consydred al this, and sayd one to another, this is a grete nombre of people and 
 they were good men of warre, but they be lytel worth, for we haue sene suche slowfulnes 
 in them, that we haue no grete trust to them, as it appered as well in the batayle of 
 Marres,' where the prynce of Wales had the vyctory as at y batayle of Juberolh,'' where 
 as the Portyngales and Gascoynes were, and alwaye the Spanyardes were dyscomfyted. 
 Then the erle of Lune,'= in susteynynge y Castellyans and in exscusynge of them sayd, 
 syrs, as to the batayle of Marres," I shall answere you ; it is of trouthe y syr Bertram of 
 Clesquy"* and a grete nombre of knyghtes of Fraunce were there and fought valyauntly, 
 for they were all taken or slayne ; but ye haue herde, and ye know well, that agaynst 
 them was the floure of all the chyualry of the worlde, bothe in wysdome, valyauntnes, 
 and provves, the whiche is not nowe with the duke of Lancastre ; the prynce at the 
 batayle of Marres" had x. M. speres and vi. M. archers ; they were suche men that there 
 were a iii. M. of them euery man worth a Rowlande or an Olyuere ; but the duke of 
 Lancastre hathe none suche ; he passeth not a xii. or a xv. C. speres and a iiii. M. archers, 
 and we be a vl. M. speres ; nor we shall not fyght agaynst Rowlande nor Olyuer. Syr 
 Johri Chandos, syr Thomas Felton, syr Olyuer Clysson, syr Hughe Caurel,^ syr Ry- 
 charde Pountchardon, syr Garsis,' the lorde of Ryeux, and syr Rycharde^ Dangle: I 
 coulde name v. C. suche that were there ; they be deed ;" we shall fynde none suche 
 nowe; wherfore the matter is not soo peryllous as it was in tyme past, for yf ye wyll 
 byleue me, we shall go fyght with them and passe the ryuer of Derne," it shall tourne 
 vs to grete valyauntnes. The counsayle that the erle of Lune' dyd gyue was wel herde, 
 and there were many that helde y same oppynyon. Then syr Olyuer of Clysquy"* sayd, 
 syr erle of Lune,"= we knowe well all that ye haue sayd procedeth of your grete wys- 
 dome and valyauntnes ; but, syr, take it so that we goo and fyght with the duke of Lan- 
 castre ; yf that were all, we sholde do well ynoughe ; but, syr, we leue f grettest mat- 
 ter behynde, as the kynge of Portyngale and his puyssauce, for, as we be enfourmed, 
 they be xxv. C. speres and xxx. M. of other men of war: for on the trust of the kynge of 
 Portyngale y duke of Lancastre is entred into Galyce, and tliey haue made a grete aly- 
 aunce togyder, for the kynge hath maryed the dukes doughter. Nowe, syr, what saye 
 you to this ? In the name of god, sayd the erle of Lune,' ye knyghtes of Fraunce are 
 suffycyent to fyght with the duke of Lancastre ; and the kynge of Castell and the Cas- 
 tellyans, who be as they say xx. M. horse and xxx. M. a foote, they may fyght with the 
 kynge of Portyngale ; I dare well abyde y aduenture amonge them. When the frenssh^- 
 men sawe how the erle of Lune' layde it so sore to theyr charge, sayd, syr, ye be m f 
 
 ryght 
 
 " Najara. " Aljubarota. « Leima.— Joteei. •' Du Guesclin. ' Calverley. 
 
 ' Du Chatel. ' Guiscard. " " Or are now come over to «s ;" omitted. [ Duero. 
 
240 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 ryght and we be in y wrono;e ; for, syr, we sholde haue sayd as ye do ; and, syr, let it 
 soo be and you wyll ; there is none of vs shall saye ajaynst your wyll. Syrs, sayd the 
 kynge, I requyre you all counsayle me truely, and not in hast nor by pryde, but by sad 
 aduyse and luimylyte, and then let vs take the best waye : 1 wyll not conclude to ac- 
 cepte this iourney ; I wyl we mete agayne togyder to morowe in this same chambre ; and 
 ye, syr Wyllyam of Lygnac and syr Gaultyer of Passac, who are sente hyder into this 
 countrey by the frensshe kynge and by the duke of Borbon, 1 requyre you go tosryder 
 and take aduyse, and counsayle me to that shall be thought inoost best and lionourable 
 to me and to my royalme, for it shall lye in you whether we shall fyght with our ene- 
 myes or not. They made theyr reuerence, and sayd they wolde obey his commaunde- 
 ment, and so departed. 
 
 Thus euery man that daye departed to theyr lodgynges, and the frensshmen as they 
 were togyder had grete communycacyon ; some sayd, we cannot honourably fyght with 
 our enemyes tyll the duke of Borbon, our souerayne capytayne, be come ; we can not 
 tell yf he wolde fyght with them or not : be it soo that we fyght with them and haue the 
 vyctory, the duke of Borbon wyll be sore dyspleased with vs, and specyally with vs that 
 be the frensshe capytaynes : and yf the fortune sholde fall agaynst vs, we sholde then 
 bothe lose our bodyes and the royalme ; for yf we were ouerthrowen, there were no 
 recouery in the Castellyans, but that the kynge of Castell were lyke to lese all his 
 royalme for this tyme, and we sholde here more fawte then ony other, for it sholde be 
 layde howe we had caused the batayle and gaue no good counsayle ; nor also we be in 
 noo suretye yf the royalme be all sure on the kynges partye or not, or whether they 
 haue couertly sente for the duke of Lancastre and his wyfe or not, who is reputed for 
 heyre of Castell, for she was doughter to kynge Don Peter; all the worlde knoweth 
 that; so that when the people se the duke and his w^yfe with y englysshmen in the 
 felde demaundynge the crowne of Castell, aflyrmynge how they haue ryght iherto, for 
 kynge John, who was kynge as then, was sone to a bastarde, then peraduenture they 
 may tourne to theyr parte, as they dyd in y grete batayle of Maures,^ and soo sholde 
 we abyde deed in the felde; so we thinke there is double peryll bothe to the kynge and 
 to vs ; but suche folysshe people gyue the kynge counsayle to balayle, and are herde 
 before them that sholde speke.'' Well, syrs, sayd syr wyllyam of Lygnac and syr Gaul- 
 tyer of Passac,'' to morowe shall be knowen euery mannes opynyon. So that day and 
 nyght the frensshmen were atdyuers communycacyons, and in lyke Avyse soo were the 
 spanyardes. Suche as loued the kynge vvolde not counsayle hym to fyght, for dyuers 
 reasons; one was, il' he fought and lost the batayle, he lost his royalme without reco- 
 uery: the kynge hymselfe thought it not good to lyght : he fered sore the fortune of 
 the warre ; nor also he knewe not euery mannes mynde, who loued hym and who dyd 
 not. Thus the matter rested tyll the nexte daye; then euery man retourned to the pa- 
 lays, and the kynge entred into counsayle. 
 
 In this counsayle were many opynyons, for euery man to his power wolde truely 
 counsayle the kynge ; dyuers counsayled hym that he sholde not euclyne hastely to ba- 
 tayle, putlynge hym in remembraunce of the harde iourney that he had at Juberoth,^ 
 where as the kynge of Portyngale dyscomfyted hym, wherby he had suche domage, 
 that yf suche another chaunce sholde fall, he sholde lese his royalme for euer. When 
 the kynge had demaunded euery man, and herde all theyr oppynyons, then he sayd to 
 
 syr 
 
 ' Najara. '- " SucTi a^ Sir William of Lignac and Sir Walter of Passac : why have they not spoken ? 
 
 liecause, said others, they wish first to know tho sentiments of others ; but it is hardly possible but that 
 they have been instructed (when they left the council of the king and the duke of Bourbon) as to the 
 course they are to pursue." — L>/»/is' edit. ' Aijubarota, 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 241 
 
 syr wyllyam of Lygnacke and to syr Gaultyer of Passac: syrs, let rae here your opyn- 
 yons, for by you all shal be ordeyiied, seynge ye be the chafe capytaynes of the 
 frensshemen sente hyder by the frensshe kynge and his counsayle. These ii. knyghtes 
 regarded eche other, and syr Wyllyam sayd to syr Galtyer, syr, speke you : and he 
 answered and sayd, nay I wyll not ; speke you, ye haue vsed amies more thes 1 haue 
 done. Then syr Wyllyam aduysed hymselfe, and sayd, syr, and it lyke your grace, 
 me thynke ye ought gretely to thanke the noble chyualry of Fraunce, who are come 
 hyder to serue you soo farre of; and, syr, it hathe shewed well howe they haue none 
 affeccyon nor wyll to be closed in ony cyte or towne, castell, or garyson, that ye haue ; 
 but they are and haue ben desyrons to kepe the feldes, and to fynde out, and to fyght 
 with your enemyes, the whiche thynge nowe, sauynge your grace, can not be suffred 
 for dyuers reasons ; the pryncypall reason is, syr, we tary for the duke of Rorbon, who 
 is our souerayne capytayne, who wyll be here shortely, and he shall gretely enforce vs 
 with newe fresshe men ; there be many nowe here with vs that were neuer in this coun- 
 trey before ; it were necessary that they lerned the maner of this countrey a two or a 
 thre monethes, for it proueth but seldome well to hastely to fyght with oure enemyes ; 
 but lette vs make wyse warre by garysons a two or a thre monethes, and let the En- 
 glysshemen and Portyngales ryde abrode in Galyce where they ly'>t ; yf they conqiiere 
 certayne townes, it is but a small matter ; as soone as they be departed out of the coun- 
 trey, they wyll be soone wonne agayne : also, syr, there is one poynte. in amies lyeth 
 many aduentures ; syr, let them ryde abiode in the countrey, whiche is hoote and of a 
 Strongeayre; they maye take suche trauayle and sykenes, that ihey maye happen re- 
 pente them that they haue come soo forwarde, for they shall not fynde the ayre soo at- 
 temperate there as it is in Englande or in frauce, nor the wynes so pleasaunt: for in 
 Galyce the ryuers be troublous and coolde, bycause of the snowes that dyscende downe 
 frome the mountaynes, wherby they and theyr horses, after theyr trauayle all the daye 
 in the bote sone, shall be morfoundred or they be ware; they be not made of stele nor 
 yet of yron, but at lengthe they shall not endure the bote countrey of Castell ; they be 
 men as we be : thus I thynke we can not better bete them, but to let them go where they 
 lyst, they shall fynde nothynge in the playne countreys, nor no delectable places to re- 
 fresshe them, for, as I vnderstande, all the open countrey is allredy dystroyed with 
 our owne men, and I alowe well that aduyse ; for yf it were to doo, I wolde counsayle 
 the same. Syrs, yf there be ony here can speke better, let hym speke, we shall be glad 
 to here hym ; and this syr Gaultyer and I desyre you all thus to doo. Then they all 
 answered with one voyce, lette tliis aduyse be admytted ; we can consyder no better nor 
 more profytable way for the kynge of Castel and his royalme. 
 
 So it was there they concluded that they sholde make no countenaunce of warre tyll 
 the duke of Borbon and all theyr prouysyons were come ; but that theyr men of warre 
 to be put into dyuers garysons on the fronters of theyr countrey, and sufTre the englyssh- 
 men and Portyngales to go in and out into the royalme of Castell at theyr pleasure, 
 sayenge howe they coulde not here awaye the countrey with them whensoeuer they 
 retourned. Thus ended the counsayle. The kynge of Castel had the same daye all 
 them at dyner with hym in his palays at Burgus in Spayne, ryght plentyfuU after the 
 vsage of Spayne : by the nexte daye at none al the men of armes departed thyder as 
 they were appoynted by theyr capytaynes; syr Olyuer Clysquy, and the erle of Longue- 
 uyle," with a thousande speres, wente to a stronge towne on the fronter of Galyce, called 
 Vyllesaunte," and syr Raynolde and syr Trystram of Roye was sente to another gary- 
 son a X. legges fro the fronter of Galyce, called Aayllar*^ i" the telde, with thre hun- 
 
 VoL. II. 2I ' dred 
 
 • Du Guesclin, Earl of Longueville . ' Villalpando ? ' Avila ? 
 
242 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 dred speres ; Syr Peter of Bellysme, with two hundred speres, wente to Pouelles ;" the 
 vycounte of Luiie'' wente to the towne of Marolle ;" syr John of Banes, with thre hun- 
 dred speres, was sente to the castell of Noya within Galyce ; syr John of caslell Morant 
 and syr Trystram of Jayell and dyuers other were sente to the cyte of Palance ;'' and the 
 vycount of Belyer wente to the towne of Rybede, and with hym syr John of Braquen^ 
 and syr Robert of Braquen. 
 
 Thus these men of armes were deuyded, and syr Olyuer of Clysquy' was made 
 theyr constable: and syr Wyllyam of Lygnac and syr Gaullyer of Passac abode styl 
 with the kynge as Burgus. In this case standynge was the busynes of Castell, abydynge 
 the comynge of the duke of Borbon, who was styll in Fraunce makynge prouysyon for 
 his iourney. 
 
 Nowe we wyll suffre in rest a season the armye of Castell and of the duke of Lan- 
 castre, and also of the kynge of Portyngale, and when the tyme requyreth we shal 
 retourne therto agayne. And nowe lette vs speke of the aduentures that fell in the 
 same season in Fraunce and in englande, the whiche were troublous and peryllous 
 for bothe royalmes, and sore dyspleasaunt vnto the kynges and to bolhe theyr coun- 
 sayles. 
 
 Hoty a grele myscheffe fell in Englande hylwene the genlyll men and cotnons, for as- 
 cornpte of suche money as hadde ben reysed of the comons. 
 
 CAP. LXXXI.s 
 
 HERE before ye haue herde howe the Frensshe armye, with shyppes on y se that 
 were assembled at Sluse to haue gone into Englande was dasshed and broken vp; yet, to 
 shewe courage and desyre to goo another season into englande, and that it sholde not be 
 sayd that the Frensshemen were recreaunt to haue made that voyage, therfore it was 
 ordeyned, that incontynent at the entre of May, and that the see myght be fayre and 
 pleasaunt, the constable of Fraunce sholde make a iourney into englande with iiii. M. 
 men of armes and ii. M. crosse bowes, and they sholde all assemble togvder at a cyte 
 agaynst thefronter of Cornewall, called Lentrygnyer,'' and ther to be made all theyr 
 prouysyon ; and it was ordeyned euery man to haue a horse, the more easely to ryde 
 abrode in Englande : for it was thought without horse they coulde make noo warre that 
 sholde auayle them ; soo there was assembled at this hauen of Lentygnyer'' a goodly 
 apparell ol shyppes, barkes, Bagengers,' and galeys, wel fournysshed with wynes, salte 
 jlesshe, and bysquet, and other thynges so largely, that it was suflycyent for them to 
 lyue by a foure or fyue monethes, without takynge or byenge of ony thynge in the 
 countiey; for y constable and his company knewe well that as soone as the Englysshe- 
 nien knewe of suche a company of men of warre comynge on them, they wolde dys- 
 troye theyr owne goodes abrode in the playne countrey, rather than we sholde haue 
 ony ease therof ; therfore the constable made his prouysyon redy on that syde the see : 
 also there was ordeyned another flete of shyppes at the hauen of Harflewe: for the lorde 
 of Coucy, the lorde of saynt Poule and the admyrall of Fraunce sholde there take 
 shyppynge, with two thousande speres, in lykewyse to goo into Englande: and as the 
 brute wente, all this was done to drawe backe agayne the duke of Lancastre and the 
 duches out of Castell. The same season the duke of Burbon was at Parys, and thought 
 
 surely 
 
 ' Benevento.— JoAmw. ^ Lerma. • Zamora Jolmes. " Valencia.— /JjW. 
 
 ^ Braquemont.— /iiW. ' Du Guesclin. « This .hapten ought to be numbered LXXVII. 
 
 Treguier. ' Balengier ; vaiss^au corsajre.— Glossaire de la Laiigue Roraane. — Angl, — A privateer. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 243 
 
 surely that the duke of Lancastre sholde letourne home agayne into Englande ; wher- 
 fore he thou-j^lit lie sholde haue no thynge to doo to go into castell, nor to trauayle his 
 body so Fan e lorlhe : so it was determyned that in the Constables armye sholde goo 
 Bretons, Auieuyms, Poycteuyns, Manceaus, and Xayngcons, with knyghtes and 
 squyers'of tlie lowe marches; and with the lorde oFsaynt Poule and with the lorde of 
 CoLicy sholde go IVensshmen, Normans, and Pycardes ; and with the duke of Borbon 
 sholde goo twolhousande speres of Berrey, Auuernake, of Lymosyn, Borgoyne, and 
 of the bace marches. Thus in that season the matters were concluded in Fraunce, and 
 euery man knewe what he sholde do, outher to go into Englande or into Castell. 
 
 And true it was the royalme of Englande the same tyme was in grete peryll, and in a 
 grelter ieoperdye then when the vyllaynes of Essex and Kent rebelled agaynst the 
 kynoe and the nobles of the royalme, at whiche tyme they came vnto London ; I shall 
 shewe you the reason why: at that season all the noble men of the royalme toke one 
 parte togyder with the kynge agaynst the comons, but nowe it is not soo ; the nobles 
 vary amon^e tliemselfe. The kynge is agaynst his owne vncles, the duke of yorke and 
 the duke of Glocestre, and they were agaynst hym ; and all this varyaunce dyd ryse by 
 the meanes of tiie duke of Irelande, who bare all the chefe rule aboute the kynge: and 
 the comons of Englande in dyuers cytees knewe Avell of this dyscorde ; they that were 
 sage men reputed it for a grete euyl, and fered that moche trouble sholde growe therby ; 
 bu° suche as were lyght persones made noo rekenynge therof, some sayenge that it was 
 for enuye that the kynges vncles hadde agaynst the kynge theyr nephewe, and bycause 
 they sawe howe the crowne of Englande began to growe farre of frome them ; and 
 some other sayd how the kynge was but yonge, and byleued yonge counsayle : and howe 
 that it were better for hym to byleue hys vncles, who mente noo thynge to hym but al 
 honoure and profyte, nor to the royalme of Englande, rather then to be ruled by the 
 prowde duke of Irelande, who neuer sawe ony thynge perteynynge to honoure, nor 
 neuer was in ony batayle. Thus euery man dyffered from other in tlie royalme of Eng- 
 lande, whiche trybulacyons were well knowen in Fraunce ; wherfore they made this 
 grete prouysyon to goo thyder with all theyr puyssaunce, thynkynge to doo a grete 
 feate ; on the other syde, the prelates of englande were in hatred one with another, as 
 the archebysshop of Cauntorbury, who was of the Neuelles blood,'' with the arche- 
 bysshop of yorke, and yet they were countreymen borne ; but they hated mortally 
 eche other, bycause the lorde Neuell hadde the rule and gouernaunce of Northumbre- 
 lande, and soo to the marches of Skotlande, aboue the erle of Northumbrelande and his 
 chyldren, the lorde Henry and the lorde Raffe of Percy: whiche rule the lorde Neuelles 
 broder'' had gotten hym, for he was one of the chefe aboute the kynge with the duke 
 of Irelande. 
 
 ' The archbiihop of York was of the Neville's blood. " " The archbishop of York."— %on*' '^''■ 
 
 2l2 Of 
 
^44 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 Of the grete dyscordes tital were in Englande after the brekynge vp of the Frensshe 
 armi/e, and how the gouernours about the kynge were constrained by the comons of 
 the good tomies to make accomptes of suche money as was come into iheyr handes 
 the season that they ruled, 
 
 CAP. LXXXII." 
 
 AS sone as the englysshmen knewe that the voyage by the see that the frensshmen 
 sholde haue made beynge at Sluse was dasshed and broken, then in Englande began dyuers 
 murmuracyons in sundry places ; and suche as loued euyll rule rather then good, sayd, 
 Where be nowe these grete entrepryses and these valyaunt men of englande y were in 
 the dayes of kynge Edwarde the thyrde, and with the prynce his sone ? we were wonte 
 to go into Fraunce, and put backe our enemyes in suche maner that none durst make ba- 
 tayle with vs ; yf they dydde, they were soone dyscomfyted. 
 
 O what a dede was that when the noble kynge Edwarde aryued in Normandy and in 
 Constantyne,'' and passed thrugh the royalme of Fraunce, and what goodly entrepryse 
 he acheued in his waye ; and after at Cressy he dyscomfyted kynge Phylyp and all the 
 puyssaunce of Fraunce, and or he retourned lie wan the towne of Calays ; but as nowe 
 the knyghtes and men of warre in Englande doo none suche feates. 
 
 Also the prynce of Wales, sone to this noble kynge, dyd he not take the Frensshe 
 kynge Johii, and dyscomfyted his puyssaunce at Poycters with a smal nombre of people 
 agaynste the people that kynge John hadde? In those dayes Englande was fered and 
 doubted, and we were spoken of thrughe al the worlde for y floure of chyualry ; but as 
 nowe no man speketh of vs, for nowe there is noo warre made but at poore mennes 
 purses : therto etvery man is enclyned ; in Fraunce as nowe the kynge there is but a 
 chylde, and yet he hath done more agaynst vs then ony of his predecessours ; and also 
 he shewed grete courage to haue come into Englande, the lette therof was not by hym, 
 but by his men. The tyme hath ben sene that yf suche an apparell of shyppes bad ben 
 made at Sluse, they sholde haue ben foughten withall in theyr owne hauen: and nowe 
 the noble men of Englande are ioyfull, when they maye sytte at rest and suffre them in 
 peas ; but yet for all that, they suffre not poore men to be in rest, but put them to busy- 
 nes to paye money. The tyme hath ben that grete conquestes haue ben done in fraunce 
 Without payenge of ony money ; but suche ryches as hath ben gotten there it hath ben 
 spred abrode in the royalme. Where is become y grete fynaunces and tayles that hath 
 ben gadered in this royalme, with the kynges rentes and accostomed reuenues ? outher 
 they haue lost it or taken fro them : it is behouable that it be knowen howe the royalme 
 of Englande is gouerned, and howe the kynge is ledde ; it were not good that it sholde 
 be longe or it were knowen, for this royalme of Englande is not soo ryche nor so puys- 
 saunt lo here lyke cliarges as the royalme of Fraunce dothe. 
 
 Also it apperetU wel that we in this royalme of englande are febled of wyttes and of 
 grace: we were wonte to ktiowe euery thyiige that was done in Fraunce a thre or foure 
 monethes or the case fell, wherby we myght conuenyenlly makt prouysyon and resyst- 
 ence, but as nowe we knowe noo thynge ; but the frensshemen knoweth all our secretes 
 and counsayles ; we can not tell in whome is the fawte ; it wyll be knowen vpon a daye. 
 There be some picuy traytours, and it were better it were knowen betyraes then to late, 
 for it maye be knowen soo laic that it wyll be past remedy. 
 
 Thus 
 
 * This chapter ought to be numbered LXXVIII. I The Coutaiitin. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 545 
 
 Thus dyuersely men talked in Englande, as well knyghtes and squyers, as the 
 comons, soo that the royalme laye in a harde case and grete peryll. And the grete as- 
 sembly that the kyng, and his vncles, and his counsayle liaddc made with grete expence 
 in dyuers maners to resyst the frensshe kynge, beynge at SUise, redy to entre into Eng- 
 lande, suche knyghtes and squyers, and other, as were in a redynes, wolde as then be 
 payde of theyr wages: and so for that entente there was a parlyamente soinoned to be 
 holdeu at London by the nobles, prelates, and comons of Englande, and piyncypally 
 it was ordeyned that there sholde be reysed a grete tayle and subsydye thrughe out the 
 rovalme of Enu,lande, the ryche to here out the poore. This parlyament was remoued 
 to Wesiniyustre, and thyder came all suclie as were sente for, and many moo, to here 
 tydynges. 
 
 There was the kynge and his two vncles, Edmunde and Thomas, with many other 
 nobles of the royalme. And anionge other thynges yt Avas sayd that in the kynges trea- 
 soure there was substaunce skante to niayiueyne llie kynges estate soberly, wherfore 
 they of his counsayle sayd howe there must be leuyed a subsydye thrughe out all the 
 royalme of Englonde, yf suclie costes and charges sholde be payde, as hathe ben done 
 for the defence of the royalme of Englande agaynst the frensshemen. To this agreed 
 well ibey of the bysshopryche of Norwyclie, and also the archebysshopryche of Caun- 
 torbury, and the countye of Essex, the countye of Hampton,^ and Warwykeshyre, and 
 the lande oly erle of Salysbury: ihey agreed soner then they of ferther countreys, as 
 they of the north, and marches of Wales, and of Cornewall; al these rebelled and sayd, 
 We haue nut sene none of our enemyes come into this countrey, why sholde we be 
 greued and haue done no fawie? yes, yes, sayd some, let the bysshop of Yorke be spo- 
 ken withall, and the kynges counsayle, and the duke of Irelande, who hathe Ix. thou- 
 sande frankes of the constable of Fraunce, for the redempcyon of Johan of Bretayne: 
 this money ought to be lourned to the comon profyte of all Englande ; ye, and speke 
 with syr Syr Symon Burle,"* Svr Wyllyam Helmen," Syr Thomas Branbe,"* Syr Robert 
 Tryuylyen,' and syr Johan Beauchampe, who haue gouerned the kynge and the 
 royalme ; yf they make a good accompie of that they haue receyued and delyuer it, the 
 comons shall sytte in rest, and euery thynge payde as it ought to be. 
 
 When these wordes came abrode and to the herynge of the kynges vncles, they were 
 ryght gladde therof, for that made well for them, for al those before named were agaynste 
 them, nor they coulde here noo rule in the courte for them ; wherfore they ayded the 
 people in theyr oppynyons, and sayd, these good men that thus speketh are well coun- 
 sayled, in that they desyre to haue accompte, and wyli not paye ony more money: for 
 surely outher in the kynges treasure, or elles in theyr purses that gouerne hym, there 
 must nedes be grete treasure. Thus by lytell and lytell multyplyed these wordes, and 
 the people beganne to waxe bolde to deny to paye ony more money by reason that they 
 sawe the kynges vncles of ihcyr accorde, and susteyned them. 
 
 And the arcliebysshop of Cauntoibury, the erle of Salysbury, the erle of Northum- 
 brelande, and dyuers other lordes of Englande put of this taxe for that tyrae, and de- 
 ferred theyr counsayle to Myghelmasse after, at whiche tyme they promysed to re- 
 tourne agayne ; but the knyghtes and squyers, suche as had thought to haue had money 
 for the arrerages of theyr wages hadde noo thynge, wherfore they were in dyspleasure 
 with the kynge and his counsayle : they were apeased as well as myght be, and euery 
 man departed. The kynge toke no leue of his vncles, nor they of hym. 
 
 Then the kynge was counsayled to drawe into the marches of Wales, and there to 
 tary tyll he herde other tydyn-res ; and soo he was rontcute to doo, and departed fro 
 
 London 
 
 l Southampton. '' Burley. ' Or limham,— Carte. *■ Brand.— JoAnei—sed quaere, 
 
 Sir Nicholas Bramber ? ! Tresillian. 
 
246 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 London without leue takynge of ony man, and toke with hym all his counsayle ex- 
 cepte the archebysshop of Yorke, who wente backe into his owne countrey, wlliche 
 was happy for hym : for I thynke yf he hadde ben with the other, he sholde haue ben 
 serued as they were, as ye shall here after; but it is requysyte that I speke as well of 
 Fraunce as of Englande, for the matter requyreth it. 
 
 Howe the constable of Fraunce, and dyuers other lordes and squyers of the royalme 
 apparelled grete prouysyons to go into Englande to wynne townes and caslelles. 
 
 GAP. LXXXIII." 
 
 AND when season of somer was come, and the ioly moneth of Maye, in the yere of 
 our lorde god M.CCC. foure score and vii. in the same season that the duke of Lancas- 
 tre was in Galyce, and conquered there, and that y kynge of Portyngale with grete 
 puyssaunce rode abrode in Castell without ony withstandynge, thenne was it ordeyned 
 in Fraunce, as ye haue herde before, howe the constable of Fraunce with one army, 
 and the erie of saynt Poule, the lorde of Coucy, and syr Johan of Vyen, with another 
 armye, the one at Lentrygnyer," in Bretayne, and the other at Harflewe, in Normandy, 
 sholde the same season make a voyage into Englande with a vi. thousande men of amies, 
 and two thousande crosse bowes, and vi. thousande other menof warre ; and it was or- 
 deyned that none sholde passe the see to goo into Englande, without he were well 
 armed, and prouysyon of vytayles for the space of thre monethes, with other prouy- 
 syon of hay and ootes for theyr horses : and adaye was pFefyxed amonge the capytaynes 
 when they sholde departe, and were determyned to lande in Englande in two hauens, 
 at Douer, and at Orwell. Thus the daye approched of theyr departure. At Lentryg- 
 nyer" prouysyon was made and put into the shyppes for them that sholde passe from 
 thens, and in lyke wyse was done at Harflewe ; and euery man of war was payde theyr 
 wages for xv. dayes. This iourney was soo farre forwarde, that it was thought it coulde 
 not haue ben broken. 
 
 Nor also it brake not by noo cause of the capytaynes that were ordeyned to goo in 
 ^at voyage, but it brake by another incydent, and by a meruayllous matter that fell in 
 Bretayne, wherwith the Frensshe kynge and his counsayle were soore dyspleased, but 
 they coulde not amende it, wherfore it behoued them wysely to dyssymule y matter, for 
 it was no tyme then to remedy it. 
 
 Also other tydynges came vnto the Frensshe kynge out of the partyes of Almayne,' 
 as I shall shewe you hereafter when tyme and place shall requyre it. But fyrst we wyli 
 speke of the matters of Bretayne before them of Almayne,*^ for they of Bretayne fell 
 fyrste, and were worste reputed, thoughe other cost more. 
 
 Yf I sholde saye that suche matters fell In that season and not open clerely the mater, 
 whiche was grete, peryllous, and horryble, it myght be a cronycle, but noo hystory : I 
 myght let it ouerpasse yf I lyst, but I wyll not doo soo : I shall declare the case syth 
 god bathe gyuen me the knowledge therof, and tyme and leysure to cronycle the matter 
 at lengthe. 
 
 Ye haue herde here before in dyuers places in this hystory howe syr John of Mount- 
 lorde, named duke of Bretayne, and surely so he was by conquest and not by ryght lyne ; 
 howbeit, alwayes he maynteyucd the warre and oppynyon of the kynge of Englandcj 
 
 and 
 
 * This chapter ought to be numbered LXXK, ^ Treguier. ' Germany. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 247 
 
 and of his chyldren, ajraynst the frensshe kyno;e; also he had good cause soo to doo on 
 his partye, for without the ayde of Englande lie hadde not atteyned as he dyd, nother 
 before Alroy." nor in other places: also ye haiie herde here hefore howe the duke of 
 Bretayne coulde nothaue his entente of all the nobles of hiscountrey, nor of all the good 
 townes, specyally ofsyr Bertram of Clesquy,'' as longe as he lyued, nor of syr Olyuer 
 of Clysson, constable of Fraunce, nor of the lordes de la Vale, and of Beawmanoyre, 
 nor the lorde of Rase, ofDygnant, the vycount of Rohan, nor of the lorde of Roch- 
 forde, for where as these lordes enclyned, nyghe all Bretayne folowed: they were con- 
 tente to take parte with theyr lorde the duke agaynst all maner of men, excepte agaynst 
 the crowne of Fraunce, and surely I can not se nor ymagyne by what waye: but that the 
 Bretons pryncypally regarded euer the honoure of Fraunce, it maye well appere by 
 that that is wrylten here before in this hystory ; I saye not this by noo corrupcyon nor 
 fauoure that I haue to the erle Guy of Bloys, who hath ben good loide vnto me, and I 
 haue hadde moche profyte by hyni who was nephewe and nexte to the erle Loys of 
 Bloys, broder germayne to saynt Charles of Bloys, and as longe as he lyued he was 
 duke of Bretayne." Truely I saye not this for no cause but all onely to declare the 
 trouthe ; and also the gentyll prynce and erle that hathe caused me to wryte this story, 
 wolde in no wyse that I sholde swarue from the trouth. 
 
 Nowe to retourne to our purpose: ye knowe well as longe as duke Johan of Bre- 
 tayne lyued, he coulde neuer attayne to haue all his men in euery poynte to agree to 
 his oppynyons: and he sore fered them lest at the last they sholde haue taken hym and 
 put hym in pryson in Fraunce : wherlore he departed out of Bretayne, and wenle into 
 Englande, with all his householde, and y lady his wyfe Jahan of Holaiide, doughter 
 somtyme of the good knyght syr Thomas Holande ; and thus a season he became ser- 
 uaunt to kynge Rycharde of Englande, and aflerwarde he wente into Flaunders to J 
 erle of Bloys, who was his cosyn germayne, and there laryed more then a yere and an 
 halfe. 
 
 Fynally they of his owne countrey sente for hym, and soo by good accorde thyder he 
 wente. 
 
 And when he came into his countrey there were certayne townes closed styl agaynst 
 hym and rebtlled, and specyally the cyte of Nauntes; but all his lordes, knyghtes, and 
 prelates, were all of his accorde, excepte the lordes before rehersed ; and to haue the 
 sygnory of them, and lo gele the fauouie and good wyll of the good townes and Cytyes, 
 and to put the Frensshe kynge in more lere, bycause he'' wolde ouerpresse them with 
 taxes and subsydyes, as tliey dyd in Fraunce and in Pycardye, whiche they wolde not 
 suffre in Bretayne ; tlierlore he sente vniothe kynge of Englande for socoure and ayde 
 of men of warre and archers, pruniysynge that yf the kynge of Englande wolde come 
 intoo Bretayne, or elles one of his vncles, with a grete puyssaunce of men of armes and 
 of archers, howe that his countrey of Bretayne sholde be opened redy to receyue hym 
 and his company. 
 
 The kynge of Englande and his counsayle were gladde of those tydynges, and thought 
 them good, and concluded to sende thyder ; the prouysyon was made, and ibyder was 
 sente the erle of Buckyngliam, with iiii. M. men of armes, and viii. M. archers, who 
 aryned at Calays, and passed throughe the royalme of Fraunce. without ony resystence, 
 as it liatlie ben shewed liere before, demaundynge noo tliynge but batayle; and so they 
 came into Bretayne, trustynge to haue founde the countrey redy open for them to re- 
 ceyue and lo refresshe them, for surely they had made a longe voyage ; bowbeit, they 
 
 founde 
 
 t Auray. * Du Guesclin. " " Because he was nephew to the rightful duke of Brittany, 
 
 and so near that he was son to Count Lewis, brotiier to Saint Charles de Blois."— ijycww" edition, 
 
 f i. e. The French King. 
 
24S THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 founde it contrary dysposed, for the duke of Bretayne was soo ledde by his men, and so 
 wysely entreated, that they made a peas bytwene hym and the yonge Charles, kynge as 
 then in Fraunce, but with kynge Charles his fader he coulde neuer haue peas, he hated 
 hym soo sore. The duke of Borgoyne, who was one of the chefe gouernours in tlie 
 royalme of Fraunce, ayded gretely to make this peas: he was so desyred by the lady his 
 wyfe, bycause the duke of Bretayne was nere of theyr lygnage, soo he was fayne to 
 breke all his promyses with the Englysshmen, for he coulde not be snffred to accom- 
 plysshe his couenaunt, for the Bretons wolde not consent to yelde them to the kynge of 
 Englande to make warre agaynst Fraunce; they sayd they were neuer of that oppynyon 
 nor neuer wolde be, so that It behoued the Englysshmen to take theyr lodgynges in y 
 marches of wannes,'' where they sufiered as moche pouerte as euer dyd nien for one 
 tyme, and specyally theyr horses dyed for hungre and pouerte ; and soo in the tyme of 
 somer they departed out of Bretayne, as euyl contente with the duke of Bretayne as 
 myght be, and not without a cause, and specyally the erle of Buckyngham, and the 
 barons of Englande that were in his company : and when they were retourned into Eiig- 
 lande, they made grete complayntes to the kynge, and to the duke of Lancastre, and 
 his counsayle. And then it was deuysed and ordeyned that John of Bretayne sholde 
 be delyuered, and to brynge hym with puyssaunce into Bretayne, to make warre there 
 agaynst the duke of Bretayne ; and the Englysshemen sayd, howe syr John of Mount- 
 forde knewe well howe they had put hym in possessyon of the sygnory of Bretayne: 
 for without vs he hadde neuer come therto, and nowe to play vs this tourne to cause vs 
 to trauayle our bodyes, and to spende the kynges treasoure, it behouelh vs to shewe 
 hym his fawtes ; and we can not better be reuenged then to delyuer his aduersary and to 
 brynge hym into Bretayne: for all the countrey wyll delyuer hym townes, Cytees, and 
 fortresses, and put the other duke clene out, that thus hathe mocked and dysceyued 
 vs. 
 
 Thus the Englysshe counsayle were all of one accorde ; and then Johii of Bretayne 
 was brought into the kynges presence, and there it was shewed hym howe they wolde 
 make hym duke of Bretayne, and recouer for hym all his herytage of Bretayne, and he 
 sholde haue to his wyfe the lady Phylyp of Lancastre, so that he wolde holde the duchy 
 of Bretayne in fayth and homage of the kynge of Englande: the whiche poynte he vt- 
 terly refused ; but to take the dukes doughter in maryage he was contente, but to swere 
 to be agaynst the crowne of Fraunce in noo wyse he wolde consente, but rather to abyde 
 in pryson all his lyfe. 
 
 When the kynge and his counsayle sawe that, they withdrewe the grace that they 
 hadde thought to haue shewed to hym, and thenne he was delyuered into the kepynge 
 of syr Johan Damhretycourte, as ye haue herde before. I haue made as nowe relacyon 
 of all these matters, bvcause of the incydentes that folowed after, and appered by the 
 duke of Bretayne, for the duke knewe well howe he was gretely out of the fauoure of the 
 noblemen of the royalme of Englande, and also of the comons there, and he ymagened 
 that the hatred that ihev bare to hym was for the voyage that the erle of Buckyngham 
 hadde made thrughe Fraunce to come into Bretayne, wenynge to haue founde the duke 
 there, and counney open agaynst them, as the duke of Bretayne hadde promysed, whiche 
 the Englysshemen founde contrary. 
 
 Also he sawe well howe the kynge of Englande hadde not wryten vnto hym soo 
 amyably as he hadde done often tymes before, and specyally as he hadde done before 
 the erle ol Buckynahams voyage. 
 
 And also he doiibted iWat fhe kynge of Englande sholde delyuer Johan of Bretayne, 
 to the entente to make hym warre. 
 
 Thenne 
 
 ' Vannes. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 249 
 
 Thenne the duke cast his ymagynacyon how he myght fynde remedy in this matter, 
 and to brynge it into a good poynte, and to doo his entente soo secretly that the En- 
 glysshemen sholde be well content and pleased with hym: for he knevve well the man in 
 the worlde whome the Englysshmen hated nioost was syr Olyuer of Clysson, constable 
 of Fraunce : for indede syr Olyuer of Clysson euer studyed nyght and daye howe he 
 myght doo dyspleasure to the Englysshemen ; and the duke knewe ryght well of the 
 armye that was made to goo into Englande, bothe at Harflewe and at Lentrygnyer ;' 
 then he sayd vnto hyuiselfe, to the entente to please the Englysshemen, and to shewe 
 that he dyd not set moche by the Frensshemen, he fonnde the meanes to breke that voy- 
 age, not in commaundynge his men of Bretayne on payne of lesynge of theyr herytage 
 not to go into Englande, nor to ayde the frensshe partye, this he dyd not, but he 
 shewed outwardly that the warre was for hym, but he dyd his entrepryse more couertly : 
 he caste in his ymagynacyon that he myght not doo more honourably, nor more to his 
 profyte, then to take the constable of Fraunce prysoner, or elles to slee hym : therby 
 he knewe well he sholde please the Englysshemen, for they hated hym : for he thought 
 yf he were out of the waye, he cared not for the resydue of his lygnage, for he knewe 
 well they were not able to make hym warre, for the constable hadde but two doughters, 
 the one was maryed vnto John of Bretayne, and the other doughter was maryed vnto the 
 erle of Rohans sone : he thought to Avithstande them Avel ynoughe and all his lygnage, 
 for yf he hadde slayne hym, he sayd he hadde slayne but a baron, and that there were 
 none that wolde make hym ony warre for his sake. 
 
 Howe the duke of Bretayne senie for all his lordes and knj/ghles to come to coun- 
 sayle vnto wannest and after counsayle he desyred the constable to goo and se his 
 castell of Ermyne : and howe he toke hym there prysoner, and the lorde of Beauma- 
 noyre with hym. 
 
 CAP. LXXXIII."^ 
 
 ON this foresayd ymagynacyon the duke of Bretayne rested, and to come to his en- 
 tente he somoned his counsayle to come to Wannes,'' and desyred all the lordes and 
 knyghtes of Bretayne effectuously for to come thyder, and he dyd sende out his letters 
 vnto them, and specyally he requyred syr Olyuere of Clysson, Constable of Fraunce, 
 that he sholde not fayle but for to be there, sayenge, howe he wolde gladlyer se hym 
 then ony other. The constable wolde not exscuse hymselfe, bycause the duke of Bre- 
 tayne was his naturall lorde, and was gladde to haue his good wyll ; and soo he came to 
 Wannes,'' and soo dydde a grete nombre of other lordes of Bretayne. 
 
 This counsayle was longe, and many matters debated therin, touchynge the duke 
 and his countrey, without ony worde spekynge of the voyage that they were in purpose 
 to make into Englande; the duke dyssymuled the matter. This counsayle was in the 
 cyte of Wannes," in a castell called the Mote. 
 
 The duke made all the lordes a grete dyner, and fedde them with fayre louynge 
 wordes tyll it was nere nyght, and then they retourned to theyr lodgynges into the sub- 
 barbes withoute the cyte. And the const.able of Fraunce, to please the knyghtes and 
 squyers of Bretayne, he desyred them all the nexte daye to dyne with hyni ; some dyd 
 soo, and some departed to theyr owne bowses to take leue of theyr wyues and parentes, 
 for the constable was purposed as soone as he departed ihens strayght to goo vnto his 
 
 Vol. II. 2 K nauye 
 
 ' Treguier. " Vannes. ^ Tli.is chapter ought to be numbered LXXX. 
 
250 THE GRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 nauye at Lentrygnyer f the diike of Bretayne knewe it ryght well, but spake noo worde 
 therof, makynge seniblaunte as thoughe he knewe noo thynge. Soo this dyner ended, 
 where as were the moost parte of the barons of Bretayne ; and sodaynly vnto them came 
 the duke of Bretayne ryght amorously by semynge, but he thought otherwyse in his 
 harte ; none knewe therof but suche as he hadde dyscouered his mynde vnto. As soone 
 as he entred into the constables lodgynge, some sayd, beholde here cometh the duke ; 
 then euery man rose, as reason Avas, and swetely receyued hym, as they ought for to doo 
 theyr lorde, and he delta ryght getylly, and he sate downe amonge them, and ete and 
 dranke, and kepte good company, and shewed them more tokens of loue then euer he 
 dydde before : and he sayd vnto them, fayre lordes, my louers and frendes, god sende 
 you well to goo and well to come agayne, and sende you ioye, and that you maye doo 
 suche dedes of arraes as maye please you, and that it maye be honourable vnto you all: 
 and when they herde these swete wordes of the duke, they all answered and sayd, Syr, 
 we thanke you, and god rewarde you of your grete kyndnesse, that it pleaseth you to 
 come and se vs at our departynge. 
 
 This same season the duke of Bretayne was makynge of a Castell nere to Wannes,'' 
 called the castell of Ermyne, the whiche as then was nere furnysshed, and to the en- 
 tente to attrappe the constable : there he sayd vnto hym, and vnto the lorde de la Vale, 
 and to the lorde of Beawmanoyre, and to other lordes that were there, Syrs, I requyre 
 you or ye departe to come and se my newe castell of Armyne: ye shall se howe 1 haue 
 deuysed it, and also howe I purpose for to doo. 
 
 They all agreed vnto hym, bycause they sawe hym come soo louyngly amonge them, 
 for they thought none euyll. And soo the moost parte of them mounted on theyr 
 horses, and rode forth with the duke to the castel of Arrayne : then the duke, the con- 
 stable, the lorde de la Vale, and the lorde of Beawmanoyre, and dyuers other lordes 
 and knyghtes alyghted of theyr horses and entred into the castell, and the duke ledde 
 the constable by y hande fro chambre to chambre, and into euery house of ofTyce, and 
 made them drynke in the seller ; then the duke brought them to the chefe tow re, and 
 at the dore therof he sayd to the constable: Syr Olyuere, I knowe noo man on this syde 
 the see that knoweth more in buyldynge then ye doo: wherfore I praye you mounte vp 
 the slayres and beholde the buyldynge of the towre ; yf it be well I am contente, and yf 
 ony thynge be amysse, yt shall be refourmed after your deuyse; y constable thynkynge 
 none euyll, sayd, Syr, with ryght a good wyl : please it you to goo before and I shall 
 folowe you: naye syr, sayd the duke, goo your waye vp alone, and in ihe meane tyme 
 I wyll talke with the lorde de la Vale. The constable wente vp the stayres, and when 
 he was aboue and paste thefyrste stage, there were me in a chabre layde in a busshment, 
 and they opened the dore, and some wente downe and dyd shote the dore bynethe, and 
 the other wente vp all armed to the constable ; there they toke and ledde hym into a 
 chambre, and fetered hym with iii. boltes of yron, and sayd to hym, Syr, pardon vs, 
 for we must nedes do that we do, we be thus commaunded by our lorde the duke of 
 Bretayne : yf y constable were abasshed at that tyme it was no meruayle. 
 
 The costable ought not to haue grete meruayle of y chaunce, for after that the dys- 
 pleasure fell bytwene the duke and hym, for ony letters that the duke coulde wryte to 
 hym, or for ony desyre or saufconduyte to come and goo saufely, yet for all that the 
 constable wolde neuer come in the dukes presence, for he durste not trust hym, and 
 nowe he is come to his mysfortune, for he founde the duke in grete dyspleasure with 
 hym, and that was well shewed : and when the lorde de la Vale, beyiige bynethe at 
 the stayre foote, sawe the dore closed, his blood began to trymble, and had grete fere 
 
 of 
 
 * Treguier. ]; Vannea. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 251 
 
 of his broder," and behelde the duke, who waxed pale and grene as a lefe : then he 
 knewe that the matter wente amysse, and sayd, A, syr, for goddes sake haue mercy, 
 wliat wyll you do? take none euyll wyll agaynst the constable. Syr, sayd the duke, 
 take ye your horse and departe, ye maye goo when ye wyll, I knowe weW ynoughe what 
 I haue to do. Svr, sayd the lorde de la Vale, I Avyll not departe hens without I haue 
 mv broder' the constable with me. With those wordes there came vnto them the lorde 
 of Beawmauoyre, whome tiie duke also hated, and he in lykewyse demanded to haue 
 the constable : then the duke drewe his dagger and came vnto hym, and sayd, Beaw- 
 mauoyre, wylte thou be in the same poynte as thy mayster is in ? Syr, sayd he, I trust 
 my mayster is in good case. Well, sayd the duke, I demaunde of the yf thou wylte be 
 in lyke case ? Ye syr, sayd he. Thenne the duke toke his dagger by the poynte, and 
 sayd, yf thou wydte be in lyke case, it behoueth the to put out one of thyne eyen. The 
 lorde of Beawmanoyre sawe well the matter wente not well, and sawe the duke waxe 
 pale for angre ; then he kneled downe on his knee, and sayd, Syr, I repute soo grete 
 noblenes in you that I trust in god and you that ye wyll doo vs ryght: we be at your 
 mercy, and we are come hyder at your request, we trust ye wyll not dyshonour your- 
 selfe to accomplysshe ony euyll wyll that ye haue to vs, it sholde be a straunge 
 nouelte. Well, sayd the duke, come on thy waye, for thou shake haue noo more 
 nor no lesse then he shall haue: soo he was ledde into another chambre, and fetered 
 also with thre payre of yrons. If he were abasshed he hadde a grete cause, for he 
 perceyued well the duke loued hym but lytell, nor the constable also, but then he had 
 no remedy. 
 
 Anone tydynges spredde ouer the castell, and also the towne, howe that the consta- 
 ble of Fraunce, and the lorde of Beawmanoyre, and also the lorde de la Vale, were 
 taken prysoners, and howe the lorde de la Vale myght departe when he wolde, for the 
 duke demaunded nothynge of hym, wherof the people hadde grete meruayle, and also 
 grete cause Avhy : for euery man sayd howe the duke wolde put them bothe to dethe, he 
 hated them so mortally. The duke was gretely blamed of all knyghtes and squyers that 
 herde therof, and they sayd there was neuer a gretter dyffamacyon on ony prynce, then 
 was on the duke of Bretayne, seynge that he had desyred the constable to dyne with 
 hym and to se his house, and to make hym good chere, and soo to take hym prysoner: 
 they sayd they neuer herde of case lyke, wherfore he was infamed, and neuer man more 
 dyshonoured, nor therby noo man sholde trust in ony prynce, syth the duke had dys- 
 ceyued these noblemen ; what wyll the frensshe kynge say when he knoweth this, for 
 by this his voyage into Englande is broken ? there was neuer soo grete a shame ymagyned : 
 but nowe the duke sheweth what laye in his harte, we trowe there was neuer sene in Bre- 
 tayne case lyke, nor in none other place ; yf a poore knyght had done suche a dede he 
 were dyshonoured for euer ; in whom sholde a man trust but in his lorde, and y lorde 
 sholde maynteyne hym in his ryght, and doo hym Justyce: who shall make correccyon 
 of this dede ? none but the frensshe kynge. Nowe y duke sheweth playnly howe he is 
 on the englysshe parte, and wyll susteyne and holde with the oppynyon of the kynge 
 of Englande, syth he hath thus broken the voyage by the see that sholde haue gone into 
 Englande. What shall become nowe of the knyghtes and squyers of Bretayne when 
 they shall here these tydynges? nothynge, but incontynent come fro theyr houses, and 
 lay syege to the castell of Armyne, and close the duke within, and there tary tyll they 
 haue taken hym outlier deed or quycke, and lede hym lyke a fiilse prynce to the 
 frensshe kynge. Thus the knyghtes and squyers aboute the marches of Wannes," spake 
 and comoned togyder, and suche as were come thyder to that connsayle with the sayd 
 lordes, and they were in grete doubte that the duke >voIde put them to dethe : then some 
 
 2 K 2 other 
 
 ' •' In law." I" Vannes. 
 
232 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 other sayd, as for the lorde de !a Vale is in no ieopardy, he is soo wyse that he ^vyil 
 tempre the duke in all his busynes ; and truely so he dyd, for and he had not ben, the 
 constable had ben deed the fyrst ny^ht if he had had a M. lyues. 
 
 It outvht to be byleued that syr Olyner of Clysson was not at his ease when he sav/ 
 hymsell'e soo taken and attrapped, and fetered and kepte with xxx. persones, and liadde 
 noo comforte by them, for they knewe not the wyll of theyr lorde. soo that he rekened 
 hymselfe but as a deed man, and also he hadde noo hope to lyue tyll the nexte daye : 
 and surely he was in grete daungere, for iii. tymeshe was vnfetered and brought to haue 
 ben beheded, or elles drowned ; and surely so he had ben yf the lorde de la Vale had 
 not ben ; but when this lorde de la Vale herde the dukes strayte comaundement to put 
 hym to dethe, he kneled downe before hym, lyftynge vp his handes sore wepynge, and 
 sayd, syr, for goddes sake take mercy : aduyse you, shewe not your cruelte agaynst the 
 constable, he hath deserued no dethe ; syr, of your grace that it may please you to 
 shewe me the cause of your dyspleasure agaynst hym ; and syr, I swere vnto you ony 
 trespace that he hath done, he shall make you suche amendes with his body and goodes, 
 or elles I for hym, as ye yourselfe shall demaunde or iudge ; syr, remembre you howe 
 in your yongth ye ii. were companyons togyder, and brought vp bothe in one house 
 with the duke of Lancastre, who was soo gentyll a prynce that there was none lyke hym ; 
 also syr, remembre howe before his peas was made with the frensshe kynge alwayes 
 he truely serued you; he ayded you to recouer your herytage, ye haue alwayes founde 
 in hym good comforte and cousayle : yf ye be now moued or enfourmed agaynste hytn 
 otherwyse then reason sholde requyre, yet he bathe not deserued dethe. Syr de la 
 Vale, sayd the duke, let me haue my wyll : for Olyuer of Clysson hath soo often tymes 
 dyspleased me, and nowe is the houre come that I maye shewe hym my dyspleasure: 
 wherfore departe you hens and let me shewe my cruelte, for I wyll he shall dye. A, 
 syr, sayd the lorde de la Vale, refrayne your euyll wyll, and moderate your couiajie, and 
 regarde to reason, for yf ye put hym to deth there was neuer prynce soo dyshunoured 
 as ye shall be ; there shall not be in Bretayne, knyght nor squyer, cyte nor castell, nor 
 good towne, nor noo man but he shall hate you to the detl.e, and doo that they can to 
 dysenheryte you, nor the kynge of Englande, nor his counsayle, shall gyiie you no 
 thanke therfore ; syr, wyl you lese yourselfe for the dethe of one man ? syr, tourne 
 your ymagynacyon, for this thought is noo thynge worth but dyshonourable, that ye 
 sholde cause suche an honourable knyght as syr Oiyuere of Clysson is to dye, comynge 
 vnto you at your owne desyre. 
 
 Surely syr this dede sholde be treason and grete reproche bothe before god and the 
 worlde, to desyre hym thus to dyntr and he comynge to you, and after that ye went to 
 hym nito the towne desyrynge hym to se your newe buyldynges, and he obeyed in 
 eu?ry thynge to you, and drauke of your wyne : and is this y grete loue that ye shewed 
 hym to put hym to dethe? there was neuer soo grete blame layde to ony lorde as shall 
 be layde to you ; all y worlde shal reproche you and hate you mortally, and be glad to 
 make you warre : but syr, I shall shewe you what ye shall do syth ye soo sore hate hym ; 
 put hym to raunsome to a grete some of Floreynes, this ye may well do ; and if he 
 holde outher towne or castell that sholde be yours, demaunde the agayne and ye shall 
 haue them; and loke, what couenaunt ye make with hym I shall become pledge therfore. 
 And when the duke herde the lorde de la Vale sjjeke so reasonably, and pressed so sore 
 on hym, as in a maner all that nyght he wolde not departe from hym, then the duke 
 gtudyed a lytell, and somwhat refrayned his euyll wyll, and at last spake and sayd, syr 
 de la Vale, ye be a good meane for hym ; howbeit, I wyl ye knowe syr Olyuer ol Clys- 
 son IS the man in the worlde thai I moost hate, for and ye were not he sholde not skape 
 without dethe this same nyght : your wordes hath saued hym ; go to hym and demaunde 
 yf he wyll paye to me a C. M. frankes incontynente, for I wytl nother haue hym nor 
 
 you 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 253 
 
 you to pledg;e, nor notliynge elles but the retly money: and besyde tliat to yelde to me 
 iii. castelles and a towne, siicbe as I shall name, the castcll of Breth/ the castel of Jos- 
 selyn, the castel of Blancke,'' and the towne of Jiis;on, and put me in possessyon of 
 them or my depntyes: this done I shall delyuer hym to yon. This shal be done, sayd 
 the lorde de la Vale ; and syr, I thanke you that ye wyl thus do at my desyre ; and syr, 
 be you sure all that ye haue demaunded sliall be done, these castelles and towne de- 
 lyuered, and these C.M. frankes payde or he departe. 
 
 Then the lorde de la Vale was gretely reioyced wlien lie sawe the constable out of 
 peryll of deth. Then the towre dore was opened, and y lorde de la Vale mounted vp 
 and came there as y constable was syttyng; sore abasshed, for he loked ior nothynge l)Ut 
 for dethe; and when he sawe the lorde de la Vale his herte reuyued, and thought there 
 was some tretye in hande: then the lorde de la Vale sayd to them tliat were thereby, 
 syrs, take of his yrons y I maye speke with hym fro the duke, and sayd to hym, syr, 
 howe say you, wyll you do that I shall shewe you. Ye, truely syr, sayd the constable. 
 Then his yrons were taken of, and the lorde de la Vale drewe hym aparte and sayd, 
 Fayre broder, with grete payne and moche busynes I haue saued your lyfe and made 
 your ende, but ye must pay or ye departe hens in redy money a C M. frankes, and 
 moreouer to yelde vp to the duke iii. castelles, and y towne of Jugon, otherwyse ye 
 can haue no delyueraunce. Then the constable sayd, I wyll not refuse y bargayne, but 
 who shall go to Clysson to fetche this money ? fayre broder, sayd the constable, I 
 thynke ye must be fayne to go therfore. Naye syr, not so, sayd the lorde de la Vale, 
 for I haue promysed neuer to departe out of this castell tyll 1 haue you with me, for I 
 knowe wel the duke is ryght cruell, and peraduenture in myne absence wyll repente 
 hym by some lyght informacyon, and so then al were lost. VVhy who shall go then ? 
 sayd the constable. Syr, sayd he, the lorde of Beawmanoyre shall goo, he is here in 
 pryson as wel as ye be, he shal make al this prouysyon. That is well sayd, sayd the 
 constable, go your waye downe, and ordeyne euery thynge as ye lyst. 
 
 Howe the constable of Fraunce was deli/uered at the request of the lorde de la Vale, 
 payenge certayne raumome ; and huive the constable dclyuered to the duke iii. cas- 
 telles and a tonme, and payde CM. frankes. 
 
 CAP. LXXX V.^ 
 
 THUS the lorde de la Vale wente downe out of the towre to y duke, w ho was goynge 
 to bed, for of all that nyght he had not sltpte ; then the lorde de la Vait kneled downe 
 and sayd, syr, ye shall haue ai your demaunde, but syr, ye must delyuer the lorde of 
 Beawmanoyre that he maye speke with y constable, for he must go and fetche this raun- 
 some, and put your men in possessyon of the castelles that ye desyre to haue. Wel, 
 sayd the duke, delyuer them out of pryson, and put them into a cliambre, and be you 
 the meane of iheyr tretye, fori wyll not se them, and letouine agayne to me when I 
 haue slepteand I wyll speke with you. Then y lorde de la VaTe yssued out of the 
 chambre, and went with two knyghtes thyder where as the lorde of Beawmanoyre was 
 in pryson, who was gretely abasshed and doubted sore the dethe: he fered when he 
 herde the dore open, that they were come to haue put hym to dethe, but when he sawe 
 the lorde de la Vale entre, his harte reuyued, and more when he herde hym speke, 
 
 sayengCj 
 
 ' Broc. •> Le Blanc. <■ This chapter ought to be numbered LXXXI, 
 
254 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 sayenge, syr of Beawmanoyre, your delyueraunce is made, wherfore ye maye be oladde: 
 then his tetters were taken ol', and so he wente into another chambre, and then the 
 constable was also brought thyder, and mete and wyne was brought to them, for all the 
 seruauntes of the howse were gladde of theyr delyueraunce, for they were sory of that 
 case ; howbeit, they niyght fynde no remedy, it behoued them to obey theyr maysters 
 commaundement in ryght or in wronge ; and as soone as the castell gate was shote, and 
 the brydgedrawen, there entred nor yssued nother man nor woman, for the keyes were 
 in the dukes chambre, and he slepte tyll it was ill. of the clocke: and the knyghtes and 
 squyers that were without abydynge for theyr maysters, were sore abasshed, and sayd, 
 nowe our season and voyage by the see is lost and broken. A, constable, what myshap 
 is fallen to you, what counsayle hath dysceyued you ? the counsayle y was made and 
 assembled at Wannes* was made for none other entente but to attrappe you ; ye were 
 wonte to be of the oppynyon that yf the duke had sente for you, and hadde made you a 
 M. assuraunces, yet ye wolde not haue gone nor come at his commaundement, ye 
 doubted hym so sore, and nowe ye wente symply at his desyre : euery man thrughe the 
 duchy of Bretayne complayned for the constable, and wyst not what to do nor say; and 
 all knyghtes and squyers sayd, what do we here, why do we not go and enclose the duke 
 in his castel of Ermyne ? and yf he haue slayne the constable, serue hym in lyke maner, 
 and yf he kepe hym in pryson, let vs doo soo, that we maye haue hym agayne ; there 
 fell neuer suche a myschefe in Bretayne : thus one and other sayd, but there were none 
 that styred forwarde, but taryed to here other newes. Thus tydynges spred abrode soo 
 that within two dayes it was at Parys, Avherwith the kynge and his vncles, the duke of 
 Berrey, and the duke of Borgoyne, had grete meruayle ; as then y duke of Borbon 
 was gone to Auygnyon, to go into Castell, and had sene the pope Clement on his way : 
 these tydynges came to hym as he was at Lyon sure le Rone, and with hym the erle of 
 Sauoy. 
 
 And the erle of saynt Poule, the lorde of Coucy, and admyrall of Fraunce, beynge 
 at Harflewe redy to haue entred into the see towarde theyr voyage, Avhen they herde 
 howe the duke of Bretayne hadde taken the constable of Fraunce prysoner in his castell 
 of Ermyne, and the lorde de la Vale, and the lorde of Beawmanoyre with hym ; and 
 they that brought those tydynges sayd, howe the bruyte ranne in Bretayne, howe the 
 duke of Bretayne hadde putte todethe the constable of Fraunce, and the lorde of Beaw- 
 manoyre. These were harde tydynges to these lordes, and they sayd, nowe our voy- 
 age is broken, lette vs gyue leue to all our men of warre to departe, and let vs goo to 
 Parys to the kynge, and se what he wyll do ; then y admyrall sayd, it is good we do 
 soo, but let not our men departe, peraduenture the kynge wyll sende them to some 
 other parte, may happen into Castell, for y duke of Borbon is goynge thyder, or elles 
 peraduenture he wyl sende them into Bretayne to make warre agaynst the duke : thynke 
 you y y frensshe kynge wyl suffre y matter thus to ouer'pas? Nay surely, for y kyng 
 shal receyue by this bergayne domage to the some of ii. C. M. floreynes, besyde y losse 
 and hurte that is done to his constable, yf he scape the lyfe ; was there euer case lyke,*" 
 thus y kynge to breke his voyage, who was in good mynde to haue done domage to his 
 enemyes; let vs tary here styll a ii. or iii. dayes, and peraduenture we shall here some 
 other tydynges out of Fraunce, or out of Bretayne. 
 
 ' Vannes. '' " To compel." 
 
 Howe 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 255 
 
 Horn wryhjnges were made at the duke of Bretatynes deuyse, for the constable to 
 rendre his towne and castelles to the duke, and to his heyres for euer, and howe 
 they were delyuered to the duke. 
 
 CAP. LXXXVI.^ 
 
 NOWE let vs speke a lytell of the duke of Bretayne, who when he hadde slepte, 
 rose and made hym redy, and then he sente for the lorde de la Vale, who came to hym, 
 and there they were togyder a longe spai'e: fynally, letters were wryten accordynge to 
 the dukes wyll, makynge mencyon y the constable, syr Olyuer of Clysson, renounced 
 clene his tytle for euer of the sayd towne and castell, and yelded them purely to the 
 duke of Bretayne, and to his heyres for euer ; and that these wrytynges sholde be per- 
 manent Avithout ony repell. And then y lorde of Beawmanoyre was ordeyned by the 
 constable to goo to these castelles, and to cause them that had the rule of them to de- 
 parte theiis, and to put in possessyon y dukes men ; and besyde that to leuy in redy 
 money a C. M. frankes to pay to the duke. When all this was concluded the gales of 
 the castell was opened, and the lorde of Beawmanoyre yssued out charged and ordeyned 
 by y constable to accomplysshe all these ordeynaunces, and he was desyred to make al 
 the dylyjvence that myght be ; and with hym wente seruauntes of the dukes, and noysed 
 as they wente howe the constable was sure of his lyfe, and was put to raunsome ; all 
 suche as loued hym, knyghtes and squyers, were glad therof, and so theiby sate styll, 
 for they were determynedto haue gone and layde syege to the castell of Eimyne, and 
 haue closed the duke iheriu: they neuer dyd thynge that they wolde haue ben gladder 
 of. So these tydynges ranne abrode with the wynde, so that the lordes and knyi;lites 
 beyng at Harflewe herde therof, and had certayne knowledge that the constable had 
 ben deed, and the lorde de la Vale had nut ben : and they sayd as for the delyueraunce 
 of his towne and castelles, he shall recouer them agayne, or elles other at tyme and 
 leysure ; the frensshe kynge hath ynowe for hym yf he nede ; nowe we maye departe 
 fro hens, our voyage is broken, let vs gyue our men leue to departe, and let vs goo to 
 Parys and lerne tydynges there, for we here saye that all suche as were at Lentrygnyer" 
 are countermaunded, 5' whiche is a sygne that we shal go no where at this season. Thus 
 they gaue lycence to al theyr men of warre to departe, and themselfe departed towarde 
 Parys where the kynge was. 
 
 The lorde of Beawmanoyre dyd so moche that within iiii. dayes he had set the duke 
 of Bretaynes seruauntes in possessyon of the foresayd castelles, and towne of Jugon, and 
 after he payde the C. M. frankes for the constables raunsome, there as the duke com- 
 raaunded. When all was done, the lorde de la Vale sayd to y duke, syr, ye haue nowe 
 that you demaunded, the C. M. frankes, the towne of Jugon, the castell of Bourcke, 
 and the whyte castell of Josselyn,'^ therfore syr, nowe delyuer me the constable :^ I am 
 contente, sayd the duke, let hym goo when he wyll, I gyue hym leue. Thus y con- 
 stable was delyuered, and he and the lorde de la Vale departed fro the castell of Er- 
 myne ; Avhen they were abrode in the feldes, y constable made no longe taryenge m 
 Bretayne, but mounted on a good horse, and his page on another, and so rode that 
 within two dayes he came to Paris, and alyghted at hisowne howse, and then wente to 
 the castell of Lowre,'^ to the kynge and hi"s vncles, the duke of Berrey, and of Bor- 
 
 goyne ; 
 
 ' This chapter ought to be numbered LXXXII. " Treguier. -■ " Broc, and the castles of 
 
 Le Blanc and Josselyn." ^ The Louvre. 
 
256 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 goyne ; his men folowed after hym at theyr leysure ; the kynge knewe of his delyuer- 
 aunce, but lie knewe not that he was so nere, and was glad when he herde therof, and 
 caused the chambre dores to be set open agaynst hym, and so he came into the kynt^es 
 presence, and kneled downe before liyra and sayd : Ryght redoubted lorde, your fader, 
 Avhome god pardon, made me constable of Fraunce, whiche ofTyce to my power I haue 
 Avell and truely exercysed, and yf there be ony excepte your grace, and my lordes your 
 vncles that wyll saye tliat I haue not acquyted myselfe truely, or done ony thyng con- 
 trary to the crowne of Fraunce, I am here redy to cast my gage in that quarell : the 
 kynge nor none other made none answere to those wordes : tlien he sayd further, ryght 
 dere syr and noble kynge, it fortuned in Bretayne in doynge of myne offyce, the duke 
 of Bretayne toke me and helde me in his castell of Ermyne, and wolde haue put me to 
 deth without reason, by reason of his fyers courage, and god had not ben, and the lorde 
 de la Vale: so that I was constrayned, if I wolde be delyuered out of his handes, to 
 delyuer to hym a towne of myne in Bretayne, and iii. castelles, and the some of a CM. 
 frankes ; wherfore ryght dere syr and noble kynge, the blame and domage that the duke 
 of Bretayne hath done, gretely regardelh your mageste royall, for y voyage that I and 
 my company sholde haue made by the see: is broken : wherfore syr, I yelde vp the 
 offyce of the constableshyp ; syr, prouyde for another, suclie as shall please you, for I 
 Avyll noo more here the charge therof, I sholde haue none honoure to do it. Constable, 
 sayd the kynge, we knowe well that ye haue liurte and domage, and is a thynge grelely 
 to the preiudyce to our royalme ; we wyll incontyuente seinJe for the peres of Fraunce, 
 to se what shall be best to be done in this case, therfore take ye no thought, for ye shal 
 haue ryght and reason. 
 
 Then the kynge toke the constable by the hande, and reysed hym vp and sayd. Con- 
 stable, we wyl not that ye departe from your offyce in this maner, but we wyll that ye 
 vse it tyll we take other counsayle. Then the constable kneled downe agayne and 
 sayd, Syr, this matter toucheth me soo nere that I can not vse it : the offyce is grete, for 
 I must speke and answere euery man, and I am so troubled that I can answere no man: 
 •wherfore syr, I requyre your grace to prouyde for another for a season, and I shall 
 alwayes be redy at your commaundement ; syr, sayd the duke of Borgoyne, he offereth 
 ynoughe, ye shall take aduyse ; it is true sayd the kynge ; then the constable arose and 
 wente to the duke of Berre, and to the duke of Borgoyne, and aduysed to shewe them 
 his busynes, and to enforme the iustely all the matter, seynge the case touched them 
 gretely in that they had the gouernynge of the royalme ; but in spekynge with 
 them, and herynge the hole matter, he perceyued y matter touched not them soo sore 
 as he" iTjade of, soo that fynally they blamed hym for goynge to Wannes,'' sayenge 
 to hym, syth your nauy was redy, and that knyghtes and squyers taryed for you at 
 Lentrygnyer."^ 
 
 And also when ye were at Wannes,*" and hadde dyned with the duke and retourned 
 agayne to your castell of Bourke,'' what had you then ony thynge to do to tary there 
 ony longer, nor to goo agayne to the duke to the castell of Ermyne ? Syr, sayd the 
 constable, he shewed me soo fayre semblaunt that 1 durst not refuse it. Constable, sayd 
 the duke of Borgoyne, in fayre semblauntes are grete decepcyons: I reputed you more 
 subtel then I take you nowe ; go your way, y matter shall do well ynoughe, we shall 
 regarde it at leysure. Then the constable perceyued well that these lordes were harder 
 and ruder to hym then the kynge was ; soo he departed and wente to his owne lodg- 
 ynge, and tliyder came to hym certayne of the lordes of the parlyament to se hym, and 
 sayd to hym that the matter sholde doo ryght well ; and also there came to hym to coun- 
 sayle 
 
 ■■ " The King's answer." ^ Vannes. • Treguier. •' Broc— It is 
 
 doubtful, however, whether the right sense of the passage be not " and returned again to your lodging 
 in the city J' 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 257 
 
 sayle hym, the eile of saynt Poule, the lorde of Coucy, and the admyrall of Fraunce, 
 and they sayd to hym, Constable, make noo doubte, for ye shall haue reason of the 
 duke of Bretayue, for he hath done agaynst the crowne of Fraunce grete dyspleasure, 
 and worthy to be shamed and put out of his countrey ; goo your Avayes and passe the 
 tyme at Mount le Herry, there ye shal be on your owne, and let vs alone with the matter, 
 for the pares of Fraunce wyll not suffre the matter to rest thus : the constable byleued 
 these lordes, and so departed fro Parys, and rode to Mount le Herry. Soo the offyce 
 of constableshyp was voyde for a season, as it was sayd thatsyr Guy of Tremoyle' sho de 
 be constable : but it was not soo : he was soo well aduysed that he wolde not take it out 
 of the handes of syr Olyuer of Glysson. 
 
 Hoiye tydi/nges came to the frensshc kj/itge from the parlyes of Jlmayne," the whiche 
 ivere to hym ryght dyspleasaunt, and vnlo his vndes. 
 
 CAP. LXXXVII."^ 
 
 THE same weke that tydynges came to Parys of the takynge of the constable, there 
 came also tydynges frome the partyes of Almayne,'' whiche were ryght dyspleasaunt to 
 the kynge and to his vncles, I shall shewe you how and wherfore. The duke of 
 Queries,"* sone to the duke of Julyers, was alyed with the kynge of Englande to make 
 warre agaynst Fraunce, and hadde taken a pencyon of foure thousande frankes by the 
 yere, whiche pencyon the duke of Julyers his fader hadde in tyme past out of the kynge 
 of Englandes cofers ; but or he dyed he renounced it, and then his sone, who was but 
 yonge, toke it agayne at the kynge of Englandes desyre, so that he wolde defye the 
 frensshe kynge, and to make warre agaynst hym; and he was enclyned to take the 
 englysshe parte bycause he had warre with the lady of Brabant, for he sawe well that 
 the duchy of Brabant was fauourable to the royalme of Fraunce, for it sholde after re- 
 tourne to the duke of Borgoyne and to his chyldren : therfore the duke of Guerles'^ wolde 
 shewe that the matter touched hym so nere that he wolde doo the domage that he myght 
 to the royalme of Fraunce, and to all theyr alyes ; so he sente letters of defyaunce to y 
 frensshe kynge, whiche were nothynge pleasaunt accepted of the kynge nor of his 
 counsayle, as I shall shewe you hereafter in the hystory, when it shal be conuenyent to 
 speke therof, in the shewynge of the warre of Bretayne and of Guerles;'* the frensshe 
 kynge made noo semblaunt therof, but made good chere to the squyer of Guerles,"* who 
 hadde brought the defyaunce ; howbeit, he was afrayde, for when he came to the cyte 
 of Tourney he wolde haue gone no further, but he had shewed the defyaunce to the 
 prouost of the towne, and so wolde haue retourned agayne, sayenge, that it was suf- 
 fycyent to declare his message in soo noble a towne as Tourney ; but they of the towne 
 were not so contente, but arested the squyer and ptit hym in sure pryson, and then 
 they sente worde therof to the duke of Borgoyne to know his pleasure. Then the duke 
 wrote to the prouost of Tourney that he sholde sende to hym y squyer with his de- 
 fyauces ; and so he was brought to Parys, and he fered lest he sholde dye ; but when he 
 came to Parys, the kynge and his vncles, and the other lordes, dyd noothynge to hym 
 but all courtoysye ; and the frensshe kynge gaue hym a goblet of syluer weynge iiii. 
 raarke, and 1. frankes within it, and they gaue hym a saufconduyte to retourne into his 
 countrey. So by reason of these tydyn^ies v courte of fraunce was sore troubled, and 
 
 Vol. 11. 2\. the 
 
 ' Treinouille. ^ Germany. ' This chapter ought to be numbered LXXXIII. 
 
 ' Gueldres. 
 
258 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 the frensshe counsayle was sore troubled when the constable of Fraunce came and made 
 his complaynte ct the duke of Bretayne, for they sawe well that trouble and expence 
 began to ryse on euery syde, and they sawe well howe they must enploy all theyr wyttes 
 to exchewe suche inconuenyenles: they thought that the constable who had serued 
 the kyng soo longe in Flaunders and other places, sholde haue some helpe, in that 
 the duke of Bretayne hadde raunsomed hym, and taken his castelles, without tytle 
 or good reason, and specyally the lorde of Coucy, and the admyrall, was sore dys- 
 pleased with it. 
 
 Nowe let vs retourne to the duke of Lancastre, and to the kynge of Portyngale, who 
 were in Galyce, and made sore warre agaynstthe kynge of Castell. 
 
 Howe the duke of Lancaslres men assai/led lite lowne of Auiene^ and lake it, for it 
 
 gaue vp as other dyd. 
 
 CAP. LXXXVIII." 
 
 HERE before ye haue herde how dedes of amies were done bytwene syr Johan 
 Holande, and syr Raynolde of Roy, in the presence of the kynge of Portyngale and 
 his wyfe; and at the kynges departynge he promysed to the duke that as soone as he 
 was retourned to the cyte of Porte,*^ that he wolde not tary past vi. dayes, but that his 
 army sholde sette forthe. Thenne the duke sente Constaunce his wyfe to the towne of 
 saynt James, vnder the guydynge of the lorde Fythwater, a grete baron of Englande, 
 with a hundred speres, and two hundred archers ; and y duke sayd to her, Madame, 
 ye shall kepe you in the cyte of Compostella, and the kynge of Portyngale my sone, 
 and our people, shall goo into Castell, to seke for our enemyes to fyght with the wherso- 
 euer we fynde them, and nowe it shall be sene yf euer we shall haue ony thynge in the 
 royalme of Castell or not. Syr, sayd the lady, as god Avyll, so be it. Thus they de- 
 parted for that present tyme, and syr Thomas Percy, and the lorde Fythwaren, con- 
 ueyed the duches with two hundred speres out of all daungers, and thenne retourned 
 to the duke, who was as then departed fro Besances,"* towardes a towne in Galyce, 
 named Aurene,^ whiche rebelled agaynst hym, and wolde not obey bycause it was 
 stronge, and therin a garyson of Bretons, who hadde on theyr parelles vndertaken to 
 kepe it, and they had well fortefyed it, bycause they hadde knowledge that the duke 
 wolde come thyder. The marshall of the dukes oost hadde well herde howe they of 
 Aurene,' in Galyce, wolde not obey, but dayly fortefyed them ; he counsayled the 
 constable to goo thyder, and soo euery man drewe to that parte, and soo came and 
 lodged nere to it, the season was fayre, aboute the Ascencyon tyme; then tentes and 
 paviylyons were pyght vp in the fayre playnes vnder the Olyues, and soo laye al that 
 lyrst nyght, and the nexte day, without gyuyng of ony assaulte, thynkynge that the 
 towne wolde haue gyuen vp: and indede the men of the towne wolde gladly haue yelded 
 them, but the lordes and capytaynes wolde not suffre the, who were Bretons and com- 
 panyons aduenturers ; two Bretons were capytaynes, called the bastot of Alroy, and 
 the other .the bastarde of Peneforte : they were good men of warre, and that well ap- 
 pered in that they toke on them to kepe y towne so farre out of all socour agaynst the 
 duke of Lancastre. 
 
 On 
 
 t Orense. \ This chapter ought to be numbered LXXXIV. ' Oporto. 
 
 ? Betanyos ? 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 259 
 
 On the iii. daye that the Englysshemen were thus lodged aboute the towne, and had 
 well re<rurded ho we they my]r\ii at theyr aduauntage assayle the towne, thenne the 
 constable, the marshall, and the admyrall, caused theyr tiompettes to sounde to the 
 assaulter and then puery man drewe forih into the fclde, and there deuyded them into 
 iiii.bandes, to assayle the towne in iiii. partes, and so in goodly ordre approched the 
 towne and taryed on the dykes, wherin there was no water, but it was well fortefycd 
 with pales and hedges ; then the assaulte began in iiii. partes ; then men of amies and 
 other wente downe into the dykes with axes in theyr handes, and therwith cutte downe 
 the hedges; and they witliin cast downe dartes and other thynges, that yf they hadde 
 not ben^well pauessed, there liadde ben many sore luute and slayne ; and also on the 
 edge of the dyke the archers shoite so fyersly that they within durste not appere : the 
 duke of Lancastre came to bjholde the assaulte, whiche made it y more fyerser: he sate 
 there on horsbacke the space of tlire houres, he had suche pleasure to regarde the: at 
 this fyrst assaulte the dykes were clensed of all the thycke hedges, soo that men myght 
 goo to the pales ; then the retrayte was sowned for that day: the the duke sayd to 
 the marshal, syr Thomas, our men haue done theyr deuoyre for this daye, kt them 
 withdrawe and ease themselfe. Syr, it shal be done, sayd the marshall : so y assaulte 
 was seased, and euery man wente to his lodgynge, and the hurte to be dressed, and 
 so passed that nyght ; they had wynes to drynke plentye, but they were soo hoote 
 and myghty, that it was moche payne to drynke them, and suche as dranke of 
 them without water were in that case y they coulde not helpe themselfe the nexte 
 day. 
 
 The nexte day it was aduysed that they sholde tnake none assaulte, bycause the daye 
 was soo hoote, and theyr men soo wery and ouercome with stronge wynes : but deter- 
 myned that the nexte daye after they sholde begyn theyr assaulte at the sone rysynge, 
 and to endore tyll iii. of the clocke at afternoone; and so euery man was comaunded to 
 take theyr ease tyll they herde the sowne of the marshalles trompet. And the same daye 
 y duke of Lancastre herde tydynges of the kynge of Portyngale, howe he was departed 
 fro the cyte of Porte,^ and drewe towardes the porte saynt yrayne :'' that waye he was 
 purposed to entre into Castell, and bothe oostes to mete on the ryuer of Derne,' besyde 
 y towne of perpygnen, or elles before the towne of Arpent.*^ Thus the Portyngales 
 had deuysed, if the kynge of Castell and the frensshemen dyd not encountre them 
 before, and yf they were lykely so to doo, then to drawe togyder soner. Of these 
 tydynges the duke was ryght ioyous, and gaue the messagere for his tydynges x. 
 nobles. 
 
 And in the mornynge whenne it was daye, the marshalles trompet began to sowne 
 before y lodgynges to reyse vp euery man ; then knyghtes and squyers began to make 
 them redy, euery man vnder his owne standerde : then the marshal! drewe into the 
 felde, and all suche as were ordeyned to goo to y assaulte. They of the towne had 
 knowledge howe the Englysshemen wolde assayle them by theyr watchemen, who had 
 herde the raershalles trompet : then the Bretons reysed vp euery man and woman in the 
 towne, and sayd to them, syrs, shewe yourselfe lyke good men, and be not abasshed 
 for nothynge that ye se : we are stronge ynoughe, we haue dartes, and speres, and 
 stones, and other artyllery, suffycyent to withstande our enemyes, and if the worste 
 fall, at all tymes they wyll take vs to mercy ; worse they can not doo to vs: we haue ben 
 or this in dyuers places farre febler then this is, and yet we liaue kepte it without 
 dauger or domage : soo by reason of theyr wordes the Galycyens were incouraged, for 
 of t'hemselfe they hadde rather haue yelded them vp, for accordynge to trouthe the 
 
 2 L 2 - comons 
 
 » Oporto. •' Santarem. " Duero. ■* Johnes says, " Benevento, or Villalpando." 
 
260 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 comons in Castell and Galyce are lytell worth in batayle, they are but euylt armed, and 
 small of courage ; the gentyMmen are ryght good on horsebacke. 
 
 Thus tlie Englysshemen,redy apparelled to theassaulte aboute the sone rysynge, came 
 into the dykes iuste vnto the pales, and with axes and other wepons bet downe the pales 
 to iheyr feete, but yet for all that they were not on the walle, for thenne they hadde 
 another dyke to passe as large as the other was ; thenne with moche payne they passed 
 that dyke and came to the walles : and when they within sawe them come soo nere they 
 defended themselfe valyauntly. 
 
 Thenne the Galycyens cast out dartes in suche wyse that whomesooeuer they strake 
 were soore hurte, without he were well pauessed. Thenne they reysed vp ladders for 
 to mounte vp too the walles ; there knyghtes and squyers auaunced themselfe to mounte 
 with targyes ouer theyr heedes, and swordes in theyr handes, and so came and fought 
 hande to hande Avith the Bretons, who defended themselfe ryght nobly, for I repute it 
 for a grete valyauntnes that they woldeabyde theassaulte, for they knewe well they sholde 
 haue as thenne no socoure : for it was determyned bytwene the kynge of Castell and the 
 Frensshemen, to suffre the Englysshmen at that tyme to do what they lyst in Galyce, 
 or elles where, and to passe without batayle. Then some of the englysshemen sayd, 
 yf other townes in Castell gyue vs as moche to doo as this doth, it shall be longe or we 
 Wynne the royalme ; and thenne other sayd, there is moche pyllage within the towne 
 brought thyder out of all the'countrey aboute, and therfore they are lothe to yelde vp 
 the towne ; thenne some demaunded who were capytaynes within y towne ? and suche 
 as knewe them sayd, two basterdes, Bretons, borne good men of armes, and experte in 
 all syeges : and the one is called the bastarde of Pennefort, and the other the basterde of 
 Aulroy, but Avhat soeuer they be, they be valyaimt men of armes, for they se none ap- 
 parence of socoure, and yet they wyli not yelde vp ; and suche as were mounted vp 
 were beten downe agayne perforce. And when the duke of Lancastre was vp and redy 
 and herde the bruyte of the assaulte, he sayd he wolde goo and beholde them ; and soo 
 lepte on a courser and vnarmed rode to the assaulte, and his standerde before hym, 
 with the hole armes of Englande and of Fraunce, and at his comynge the assaulte en- 
 creased ; thenne euery man auaunced hymselfe to gete lawde and prayse : and in lyke 
 Avyse they w ithin whenne they sawe that the duke was there, they enforced themselfe 
 to shewe theyr valyauntnes. Thus in assaylynge and defendynge they contynued tyll 
 it Avas thre of the clocke, and it Avas not apparent that they sholde haue wonne y towne 
 at that assaulte. Thenne the duke demaunded who were capytaynes Avithin the towne, 
 and it Avas shewed hym ; thenne he sayd, I wolde the marshall sholde speke with them, 
 to know yf they wyll yelde them or not : I thynke they haue not as yet ben demauded, 
 wherfore byd the marshall come and speke Avith me. A knyght wente to hym and sayd, 
 Syr, my lorde y duke wolde ye sholde come and speke Avith hym : then he came to y 
 duke, and the duke sayd, Marshall, knowe ye yf these Bretons Avyl put themselfe vnder 
 myne obeysaunce or not ? Ave trauayle sore our men, and there be dyuers of them 
 sore hurte, and we Avaste our artyllery, and we can not tell Avhen we shall haue 
 nede therof, Avherfore I praye you goo to them and take some treatye Avith them : 
 Syr, sayd he, it shall be done, syth ye wyll take them to mercy, it is reason they be 
 herde speke. 
 
 Then the marshall Avente from the duke to 5' assaulte, and sayd to an Heraulte, go 
 thy Avay and fynde the meanes to speke Aviiii y capytaynes within the towne, and shewe 
 the how I wolde speke with them !-* The heraulte departed and wente into the dykes 
 with his cote armure on his backe, Avith the armes of the duke of Lancastre, and soo his 
 company made hym waye by the commaundement of the marshal. The bastarde of 
 
 Alrov 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 261 
 
 Alroy sawe wel the heraulte, and so came to the wall, and sayd, HerauUe, what wolde 
 you, I am one of the capytaynes, I thynke ye be sente to me? That is trewe syr, sayd 
 the heraulte, who was called Percy ; and syr, the marshall desyreth you to come to the 
 barryers and speke with hym: 1 am contente, sayd the baslaide, soo that ye cause your 
 men to leue ihc assaulte, otherwyse I wyll not come: I thynke that shall be soone done, 
 sayd the heraulte. And soo he retourned to the marshall, and shewed hym as ye haue 
 herde. 
 
 Then the marshall called his trompet, and caused hym to blowe the retrayte, and 
 soo he dydde ; thenne the assaulte seased on all partyes. Thenne the capytaynes came 
 to the barryers, and there was redy the marshal, syr John Holande, and syr Thomas 
 Moreaus, and dyuers other Englysshemen ; Syrs, sayd the Englysshemen, wyll ye be 
 taken perforce and be vtterly lost and slayne, poore and ryche? we knowe well that 
 the comonte of the towne wolde gladly yelde tliem to my lorde y duke, and to my lady 
 the duches, for they had gyuen vp this towne or this, and ye had not ben, wherfore yf 
 ye be taken, it is euyll for you ; and one thynge ye maye be sure of: we wyll not de- 
 parte hence tyll we haue it, outlier by fayre meanes or otherwyse, therfore speke ye 
 togyder and aduyse you, and gyue me an answere, for I knowe my charge. Syr, sayd 
 the basterde, we are agreed allredy togyder, and that is, yf ye wyll cause vs surely to 
 be conduyted to the towne of Arpen') without daunger or peryll, we shall yelde vp 
 the towne to you, soo that the men and women within maye lyue in peas and surety 
 vnder the obeysaunce of the duke, in lyke maner as other townes do in Galyce, and 
 none otherwyse ; we knowe well ye be the marshall of the oost, and that all treatyes 
 perteyneth to you, and what soeuer ye do the duke wyll agree to the same. That is trewe, 
 sayd syr Thomas, it shall be as ye desyre, soo that ye here with you nothynge but that 
 is your owne, and not to robbe nor pyll the towne, nor that ye haue wonne in y coun- 
 trey, for that may cause ryot to be made bytwene you and our men. Syr, sayd the 
 bastarde, we shall cary nothynge with vs but that is our owne, and yf ony of our com- 
 pany haue bought ony thynge of ony of the towne, and are but euyll payde, yet we 
 shall make noo ryot therfore ; I thynke as for mete and drynke syth we came hyder in 
 garyson our men haue payde nothynge. As for that, sayd the marshall, is excepte, take 
 all vytayle in aduauntage, for soo wyl our men do : but I say ye shall cary away no 
 mouables. Syr, sayd the barstarde, we be not soo wyse men, but that some of our com- 
 pany wyll take somwhat. Well, sayd syr Johan Holande, let them passe, that is theyr 
 owne is theyr owne, we wyl not go so nere them as to serche theyr males.'' Soo be it, 
 sayd the marshall. Then there was an abstynence made for that daye, and the nexte 
 daye they sholde departe. Then y englysshmen went to theyr lodgyng and vnarmed 
 them, and toke theyr ease, and y Bretons all that daye trussed and gadered togyder grete 
 pyllage that they had wonne before in y- countrey of Castell, for all was abandoned to 
 them, soo that therby suche as came fyrste into that countrey wanne grete good ; and 
 so in the trussynge of theyr baggage they toke many thynges from the men of the towne, 
 as cloth and fethers, and other stuffe, suche as they founde ; and when ony of y poore 
 men spake to them, sayenge, syrs, that good ye take is none of yours, it is our good, 
 ye brought it not hyder; then y Bretons wolde say agayne, holde your peas ye vyl- 
 laynes, we haue a commyssyon of the kynge of Castell to paye ourselfe of our wages: ye 
 wyll not paye vs, and thoughe ye hadde payde vs well and truely, yet we must haue 
 newe wages agayne, therfore this that we take is our owne. 
 
 Then the nexte dave the marshall lepte on his horse, and a Ix. speres in his company, 
 and soo came to the barryers of the towne, and there taryed a space. Thenne the 
 capytaynes of the Bretons came thyder, and the marshall sayd, Syrs, be ye redy to de- 
 part ? 
 
 ? Villalpando. * Portmanteaus. 
 
262 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 part? Ye, syr, sayd they, so we may haue conduyte to guyde vs. Whether wyll you 
 CO? sayd the marshall. To the tovvne of Arpent,^ sayd they. Well sayd, quod the 
 marshall; beholde here them that shall coiidiiyle you: thenne he called f'orthe a 
 knyo^ht of Englande, called syr Steuen Stebery,'' and sayd to hym, take x. speres with 
 you, and biynge these Bretons to Arpent," and retourne you to morowe. He dyd as 
 he was commaunded, and soo guyded forthe these Bretons with nioche baggage ; and 
 whenne they were al departed, thenne the marshall and his company entred into the 
 towne, and the people of the towne made hym grete reuerence, for many of them 
 thought it had ben y duke hymselfe. When the marshall sawe these Bretons departe 
 with so grete caryage, he demaunded of them of the towne yf they hadde taken away 
 ony of theyr goodes or not. Ye, syr, truely, sayd they, and y to a grete substaunce. 
 Why dyd you not, sayd the marshall, shewe me y betymes? for I sholde haue caused 
 them to haue rendred it agayne. Syr, sayd they, we durst not, for they thretened to 
 slee vs yf we spake therof: syr, they be cursed people; there is none of them but he is 
 a stronge thefe ; it is noo meruayle thoughe they robbe vs, for eche of the wyll robbe 
 other. The marshal smyled, and then he sente for the chefe men of the towne, and they 
 came before hym ; then he made them to swere to holde the towne of Aurene" of the 
 duke of Lancastre fur euer, in lyke maner and fourme as the other townes in Galyce 
 hadde doone before. 
 
 Then he ordeyned newe ofTycers, and toke of euery man theyr faythes and othes, 
 and soo dranke and retourned to the duke into tlie felde, vnder ihe shadowe of the 
 Olyue trees, for the hete of the sone, whiche was soo excessyue hoote that man nor horse 
 coulde abyde it, nor noo man durst ryde a foragynge tyll after the houre of iii. for the 
 hete. 
 
 The grettest ymagynacyon that the duke hadde, was for that it was shewed hym howe 
 the kynge of Castell was abrode, and with a grete armye comynge agaynst hym to fyght: 
 for he sawe well that he coulde not perfytely come to the clialenge of Castell but by 
 force of batayle, and soo he sente out spyes into euery coost ; but thenne it was surely 
 enfourmed hym by his spyes and by pyigrymes that the kynge of Castell made none as- 
 sembly for to come into tlie felde, but kepte hymselfe and his men in gaiysons; and also 
 that the duke of Borbon was not as then come into Castell, nor no tydynges there of his 
 comynge. Soo when the duke hadde taryed fyue dayes in the marches of Auranches,' 
 he determyned to goo to Noye,"^ and there to assaye by assaulte to passe the brydge ouer 
 the ryuer of Erne.* 
 
 Then the knyght that had conduyted the Bretons to the towne of Arpent" retourned 
 agayne, and it was demaunded of hym what company of men of warre were there in ga- 
 ryson. He sayd, howe syr Olyuer of Clciquy' was there with a thousande speres, 
 Bretons and Frensshemen. Then the constable and marshall sayd to the duke, syr, it 
 were well done we wente and scrymysshed with them; peraduenture they wyll yssue 
 out to demaunde dedes of amies, for there be some of them hath grete desyre therto. 
 I am contente, sayd the duke ; let vs dyslodge ; here we take noo profyte. Then it 
 was ordeyned to dyslodge the nexte mornynge, and to goo to Noye,'' and thenne after to 
 Arpent." 
 
 Nowe lette vs somwhat speke of the kyng of Portyngale, and of the waye that he toke 
 for to entre into the royalme of Castell, and thenne we shall retourne agayne to the duke 
 of Lancastre. 
 
 ; Villalpando. * Eastbury. ' Orense. '' Noya. — Johnes says Zamora. 
 
 ' Duero. ' Du Guesclin. 
 
 Hozve 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 263 
 
 Hoyve the kynge of Portyugale brente a iowne when he was departed fro Porte," and 
 
 hesyeged ii. caslelles. 
 
 CAP. LXXXIX.'' 
 
 THE kynge of Portyngale departed from Porte," and lefte there y qiiene his wyfe 
 and her syster, doughter to tlie duke of Lancastre ; and to kepe them and the cyte, he 
 ordeyned v erle of Nowar" to ahyde there with a hundred sptres of Portyngales and 
 Gascoynes, suche as were come to serue hym ; and then lie rode forthe, and the fyrst 
 nyohi lodged a thre legges from the cyte of Porte," and the nextc daye departed in thre 
 batayles al'ayre softe pace, bycause of his fote men, wherof there were a xii. thousande, 
 with all the caryage ; and after, the Lynge folowed with a thousande speres ; there was 
 with hym Don Galoys, Ferrant Partecke','' and Ponnase de Cougne ;" and Vas Marten de 
 Cougne' hare the kynges baner : also there was John Radyghes de Sar, and the mayster 
 Denyce,f called Ferrant Radyghes, with other grete barons and knyghtes ; and the rere- 
 garde ledde the constable of Portyngale, the erle of Angouse, and the erle of Escall, 
 the lytell Dan' de Mondest, Rady go Radyghes of Vale Conseaulx," Ange Saluage of 
 Geneue, Johau Ansale of Popelan, and other lordes and knyghtes, to the nombre of 
 fyne hundred speres. Thus they rode forth, and tooke the waye to saynt yrayne' by 
 small iourneys, for ihey toke theyr lodgynge euer by thre of the clocke, and so came 
 to the cabase'of Juberoth,'' and there taryed ii. dayes ; and from ihens, at two iourneys, 
 they rode to Aur.ich,' in Portyngale, and there rested other ii. dayes ; and then they 
 came to saynt yrayne' and there lodged; the towne was lefte voyde euer syth the ba- 
 tayle of Juberoth ;" the people were drawen into Castel, exepte the castelles, wherin 
 were Bretons and Poycteuyns in garyson. The kynge of Portyngale determyned that 
 bothe the castelles sholde be assayled, for he thought with his honoure he myght not 
 passe by without shewyngc of some dedes of armes, for the Castellyans hadde wonne 
 the castelles; therfore he thought to assaye for to wynne them agayne. The kynge 
 hadde brought with hym from the cyte of Porte" certayne engynes, for he knewe well he 
 sholde haue some assaultes in his waye. 
 
 Thus the kynge of Portyngale and his men lodged in the marches of saynt yrayne,' 
 whiche was the entre into the royalme of Castell, all alonge by the ryuer of Pese," ryn- 
 nynge to Syuyll the grete. By this I'oresayd ryuer myght well be brought into the oost 
 all maner of thynges frome Lysbone and frome Porte ;" and soo they were a thyrty thou- 
 sande one and other. The constable and his rowte, with halfe of the comonte, laye be- 
 fore the castell Perrade into the eest parte; and aboute y other castell in the west parte, 
 called Tayllydon," lay y marshall and his company: in the castell Perrade was capy- 
 tayne a knyght of Bretayne, called syr Moreys Fonchance, an experte man of armes ; 
 and in the castell Tayllydon" was syr Jaques of Mountmellyer, a knyght of Poyctou ; 
 and eche of them hadde a 1. speres. The syege thus lay a xv. dayes without doynge of 
 ony thynge, sauynge there were engynes reysed vp ; and they dydde cast x. or xii. 
 tymes a daye grete stones agaynst the walles, but lytell hurte they dyd, but on the 
 couerynge of the houses, for the houses within were well vawted widi stone, so that the 
 engynes nor spryngalles dyd the men but small domage. When the kynge sawe that 
 
 • Oporto. " This chapter ought to be numbered LXXXV. ' Count of Novaire. 
 
 - Fernando Portekt. ' - D'Acunha. ' Grand Master of Avis. « Le petit J)anede. 
 
 >' De Valconsiaux. ■ Saiitarem. " Aljubarota. ' Ourem. lagus. 
 
 • Callidon. 
 
264 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 the castelles wolde not be woniie, and that his men began to waxe wery, he determyned 
 then to dyslodge and to entre into Galyce, and to approche nerer to the duke of Lan- 
 castres oost, to the entente that they myght determyne togyder niiat waye were best for 
 them to take : soo on a day they dyslodged, and trussed and departed fro saynt yrayne/ 
 at whiche tyme they brente the towne in suche wyse that there was not a place lefte vn- 
 breute able to lodge a horse. Wlien diey of the castell sawe them departe, they were 
 ryght ioyous, and sowned theyr trompettes, and made grete chere and melody tyll they 
 were all paste: that daye the oost wente and lodged at Fount Ferraunt in Galyce, and 
 the nexte daye in the vale saynt Katheryne, and on the iii. day they came before Fe- 
 roull in Galyce, a stronge towne, holdynge on the kynge of Castelles parte, and there 
 they rested. 
 
 Howe the kynge of Porlyngale and his oosl came before Feroull, and assaulted it, and 
 it was zuonne, and brought vnder the obeysaunce of the duke of Lancastre. 
 
 CAP. LXXXX." 
 
 WHEN the kynge of Portyngale and his men were before Feroull, they founde there 
 a good countrey ; and the constable and marshall sayd it sholde be assaulted, affyrra- 
 ynge howe it was preygnable : they were two dayes without ony assaulte gyuynge, 
 trustynge they wolde haue gyuen it vp, but they dyd not, for within were Bretons and 
 Borgonyons, that sayd they wolde defende it : by the thyrde daye the engynes were 
 reysed vp, and the marshall sowned his trompettes to the assaulte ; then euery man 
 made hym redy to approche the towne, and they within, whe they herde the trompettes 
 blowe to the assaulte, they drewe euery man to theyr defence, and women caryed and 
 brought stoones to caste, for in Castell and Galyce women be of grete defence and of 
 grete courage, in maner as grete as the men. The Portyngales came to the dykes, 
 whiche were depe, but there was no water in them ; then they boldely entred into the 
 dykes, and clymed vp agayne on the other syde, but they had moche adoo, sauynge 
 they were well pauessed, for they on the walles caste downe stoones, and hurte many, 
 and caused them to recule ; also ther was good castynge of dartes, bothe outwarde and 
 inwarde. Thus the assaulte endured tyll it was thre of the clocke, and the men were 
 sore chaced, for the sone was hoote, and they in the dykes hadde none eyre nor wynde, 
 so that they thought they perysshed for hete, soo that therby the assaulte seased, and 
 all that season the engynes dydde caste into the towne at aduenture. Thenne the mar- 
 shall counsayled noo moore to assaulte the towne, but styll to let the engynes caste, 
 and to scrymysshe at the barryers, and to shewe some dedes of armes ; and so as he 
 deuysed it was doone, and dayly scrymysshes made ; and they within often tymes were 
 closed without the gate, bytwene the barryers and the gate, for to scrymysshe moore at 
 theyr ease. 
 
 And whenne the marshall of Portyngale sawe theyr maner, he deuysed theron, and 
 sayd to syr John Ferrant,' I se well the sowdyours within at some season are closed by- 
 twene the gate and the barryers; let vs take a v. or vi. C. of our men and laye a byssh- 
 ment, and with a fewe persones let vs scrymysshe a whyle, and then withdrawe lytell 
 and lytell, and we shall se that they wyll yssue oute on truste to wynne some what of 
 vs ; thenne let vs tourne agayne sodaynely to the barryers and busye them some what, 
 and thenne our enbusshe of horsemen sodeynly to come on them: and when they se 
 that they Avyll forsake theyr barryers, and open the gates to entre, and soo peraduenture 
 
 we 
 
 ^ Santarem. , " This chapter ought to be numbered LXXXVI. ' Fernando. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 265 
 
 we may entre with them ; and at the leest yf lliev within open not the gate, they that be 
 witliout shi.l he al oiues. That is true. svr. s;ivd syr John Ferianl." Well, sayd the 
 marshall, vvlio was calUd syr Ahie Peireer," do you y oue leateaiid I shall doothe other: 
 goo you and syr Martyne'de Mario, and Pomas de Con.j^ue,' and kepe the enbusshe, 
 and I shall o;() and make the scrymysshe, it perteyneth to myne offvce. As they de- 
 uysed so they dyd ; there were appoynied out v. C. horsemen for to kepe the enbusslie, 
 and so of iii.dayes they made noo scrymysshe, wherhy they within of the o;aryson hadde 
 meruayle, and sayd to the .j^alvcyens wiihin the towne, lo. ye vnhappy people, ye wolde 
 haue syuen vp this towne al iheyr fyrsle comynge, and we had not ben; We haue 
 gretely preserued the hoiioure of your towiie, for ye shai se the kynge of Portyngale 
 and all his oost shortely departe hens, without doynge ony domage lo vs. 
 
 On the fourthe daye the marshall, as was deuysed, began the scrymysshe with a small 
 company, and the horsemen laye styll pryuely in iheyr busshment ; and the Bretons 
 within, when they sawe iheyr enemyes in trust to gete some good prysoner, ojiened 
 theyr gate, and lefte it styll open, lo the entente it sholde be the more redyer at theyr 
 retourne, for they trysted not gretely the Galycyeiis within the towne : so they came to 
 the barryers, and dyd there as it apperteyned to a scrymysshe: then, when the mar- 
 shall sawe his tyme, he made semblaunl as ihouglie he and his men hadde ben wery, and 
 as halfe dy comfyled, reculed lylell and lytell ; and when the Bretons saw that, they 
 thought to haue wonne all, and opened theyr barryeis all at ones and yssued out, and 
 came out and toke xxv. prysoners, and they hadde so moche haste to gete them into the 
 towne, that they lefte theyr barryers styll open ; then the marshall made a sygne to the 
 busshement, and they brake out a v. C. horse, and came more then a galoppe, and en- 
 tred the barryers ; and when the Frensshemen and Bretons sawe that, they wolde haue 
 reculed lo theyr barryers, but they coulde not, ibr the Portyngales entred as soone as 
 they into the towne. Thus was the towne wonne and dyuers slayne, and the sowdyours 
 that were there in garyson were taken prysoners, exctpte suche as saued themselle by 
 another gate, and soo yssued into the feldes and rode to Arpente," where as syr Oiyuer 
 of Clysquy' was, and a thousaude speres with hym : and there they shewed howe the 
 towne of Feroull was lost. 
 
 Thus as 1 haue shewed you fell of this towne of Feroull in Galyce. The Portyn- 
 gales wanne it, and dydde put it vnder the obeysaunce of the duke of Lancastre, in 
 whose tytle they made that warre. The kynge of Portyngale was gretely reioyced ot 
 that his men hadde done soo well, and incontynente he sente worde therof to the duke 
 of Lancastre, shewynge hym howe he hadde encreased his herytage, for he hadde 
 wonne hym that towne, and he trusted to wynne moo. The duke was gretely reioyced 
 of those tydynges, who was as the come before Noy,' wherin was the Barroys ol Barres, 
 and syr John of Chateiet Mouraunte, and syr Trystram de la Gayle, syr Raynolde du 
 Roy, syr Wyllyam of Mongteney, and dyuers other knyghtes and squyers of Fraunce; 
 and when the dukes marshall sawe the castell of Noye,' he sayd, loke, as Coulongne* is 
 one of the keyes of castell towarde the see, soo is this castell of Noye' another keye to- 
 wardes Castell, for he is no lorde of Castell without he be lorde of Coulongne^ and of 
 Noye.' Lette vs goo loke what company there is there; it is shewed me howe the Baroys of 
 Barres, an experte man of armes of Fraunce, is there: I thynke at the entrey ol the 
 brydge we shall haue some scrymyssh. Syr, savd syr Lamburyne ot Luners,'' and syr 
 John Dambreticourte, that woJde we gladly se. The vaungarde, wherin were a v. C. 
 speres of good men of armes, rode fortlie in u;ood ordre, and the duke senle parte of his 
 Vol. I'l. 2M company 
 
 ' Fernando. " Alvarez Pcrcyra. ' D'Acunha. ■" Villalpando. ' Du Gufschn. 
 
 ' Nova. « Corunna. '' Maubrun de Liniers, 
 
266 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 company thyder to make the gretter mustre, for he knewe well that his marshal! wolde 
 shewe there some dedes of armes. 
 
 When the watche of the castell sawe the vowarde approche, he sowned alaram: 
 thenne the capytaynes knewe incontynente that the Englysshmen came thyder. They 
 armed them and put themselfe in good ordre ; they were a hundred men of armes; and 
 some came to theyr barryers with a xii. penons, but syr Barroys of Barres was moost of 
 reputacyon. 
 
 And also he hadde the chefe charge, and also syr Johan of Chatell Morant was the 
 nexte. And when syr Thomas Moreaus, marshail of the oost, sawe that he was nere the 
 towne, he alyghted afoote and all his company, and delyuered theyr horses to cheyr pa^es, 
 and so came togyder to y barryers with theyr speres in theyr handes, and at euery vi. 
 paces they rested, to kepe themselfe close togyder; it was a goodly syght to beholde 
 them ; and so on a fronte they came to the barryers, and there they were receyued valv- 
 auntly, and I thynke yf they had ben in the playne felde there had ben noo goodlyer 
 dedes of armes done then was done there, and yet the barryers was bytwene them ; and 
 there the marshail without was matched w syr John of y chateau Morant within, and 
 eche of them sore trauayled to hurte eche other, but theyr armure was so good that 
 noone of them toke domage ; and syr Thomas Percy was coped with le Barroys, and 
 Mauburyn of Lynyers with syr Wyllyam of Mongteney, and syr John Dabretycourte 
 with syr Reynolde of Roy, and the lorde Talbot with Trystram de le gayle. Thus they 
 were matched and scrymysshed togyder w theyr speres ; and when they were wery they 
 rested, and other knyghtes and squyers came and scrymysshed in theyr places : this 
 scrymysshe endured tyll hyghe noone : then archers came to y place, but then the gen- 
 tylmen departed, and set crosse bowes to shote agaynst the englysshe archers and span- 
 yarde with dartes, and they scrymysshed tyl it was past one of the clocke ; then came 
 other yomen and varlettes, and soo scrymysshed tyll it was nyght. Then the en- 
 glysshemen retourned, and they of the castell retourned into theyr garyson, and made 
 good watche : aboute halfe a legge frome the castell of Noye,^ alonge by the ryuers syde, 
 the Englysshemen laye, the whiche ryuer dydde them grete ease for theyr horses, for 
 they had grete lacke of water tyll they came there; there they refresshed them a v. or 
 vi. dayes, and then wente before y towne of Arpente,'' to se the dealynge of the constable 
 of Castell and of the frensshmen ; and there they herde tydynges of the kynge of Por- 
 tyngale, who laye in the playnes of FerouU and all his oost, and was in purpose to 
 come to the towne of Padron in Galyce, whiche was in y waye towarde the duke and the 
 Englysshemen, and tliere it was ordeyned that the kynge and y duke sholde mete togyder 
 to comon and determyne howe they sholde perceyuer in theyr warre. 
 
 They had ben a moneth abrode in the countrey, and hadde nere hande brought all 
 Galyce into theyr obeysaunce, and they coulde here no tydynges of y kynge of Castel 
 nor of y (rensshemen ; wherfore they hadde grete meruayle, for it was sayd y the kynge of 
 Castel had somoned his people at Burgus fro all the partyes of the royalme, as of Cas- 
 tell, Syuell, Cordowayne," Collede,'' Spayne, Lyon, Struges," Vale olyue,* and of Sury ;« 
 and y he had Ix. M. men and vi. M. speres of pure frensshemen ; and howe that thyder 
 sholde come 5- duke of Borbon, who, as it was sayd, was departed out of Fraunce to come 
 thyder ; therfore the Portyngales and the Englysshmen thought to drawe togyder to be 
 the more stronger and redyer yf theyr enemyes come on them, and they byleued these 
 tydynges to be of trouthe ; wherfore they were ioyfull, for they wolde gladly haue 
 made an ende by batayle, for otherwyse they sawe well they coulde not atteyne to theyr 
 desyred entrepryse ; and syr Wyllyam of Lygnac and syr Gaultyer of Passac were al- 
 
 wayes 
 
 ' Noya. *■ Villalpando. " Cordova. '' Toltdo. ' Asturias. 
 
 ' Valladolid. ' Soria. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 267 
 
 wayes aboute the kyng;e of Castell, and euery weke they liad tydynges out of Fraunce 
 what busynes there was there, and of the depurtynge of the duke of Borbon, and liowe 
 he toke in liis waye of Auygnyon to se pope Clement and the cardynalles there: euer 
 they counsayled the kyn<!;e not to (yaht tyll the duke of Borbon were come ; and amonsie 
 other tydyno;es they herde of the duke of Bretayne, howe lie had taken hi the castell of 
 Ermyne y constable of frauce, and raunsomed at a C. M. frankes. and of his iii. castelles . 
 and towne that was delyuered to the duke of Bretayne, and howe that therby the iourney 
 and voyage into Englande was broken ; they had meruayle of this, and to what purpose 
 the duke" of Bretayne dyd it ; they supposed that the counsayle therof came out of 
 Englande. 
 
 Thus, as I haue sayd before, the royalme of Fraunce was brought into trouble, and 
 specyally the kynges vncles were sore nioued with the defyaunce that came fro the duke 
 of Guerles,' for lliey were fell and rude, and out of the course of other defyaunces, as 
 I shall shewe you when I declare the matter; and also the frenssh kynge and his vncles 
 were sore dyspleased in y the duke of Bretayne had broken theyr voyage into Englande 
 by y see, and he that was chefe of the entrepryse, taken, that was the constable of 
 fraunce, and raunsomed as before is sayd at a C. M. frankes, and taken fro hym iii. cas- 
 telles and a towne, whiche was a thynge gretely preiudycyall to the kynge and to the 
 royalme of fraunce ; howbeit, the kynge "soone passed ouer all the matters, for he w\hs 
 but yonge, wherfore he regarded it not so sore as though he had ben of perfyte age; 
 but suche as were auncyent and wyse sayd, y by suche lyke matters the royalme of 
 fraunce hath had raoche a do in tyme past, as when the kynge of Nauare caused syr 
 Charles of Spayne, constable of Fraunce, to be slayne, for whiche cause kynge John 
 neuer loued after the kynge of Nauare, and toke fro hym all his landes in Normandy. 
 Then some other wokle saye, yf kynge Charles, fader to the kynge that nowe is, were 
 alyue, (he loued the constable soo well), surely he wolde be reuenged, and make warre 
 to the duke of Bretayne, and to take fro hym all his landes, whatsooeuer it cost hym. 
 Thus euery man spake of this deed, and sayd it was euyll done. Then the kynges 
 vncles and the counsayle of the royalme, somwhat to satysfye the people, who were 
 sore dyspleased with y duke of Bretayne, determyned that a prelate and iii. barons 
 sholde be sente to the duke, to speke with hym and to here his reasons, and to com- 
 maude hym to come to Parys to make his exscuse of y he had done : thyder sholde go 
 the bysshop of Beawuoys, and syr Myles of Dornams,'' a sage and a ryght valyaunt 
 man, and well langaged, and with hym syr John of Bean," syr John of Beuell, and the 
 lorde de la Ryuer, who had theyr charge what they sholde saye and do ; and the bys- 
 shoppe of Beawuoys toke his waye by Mount le berry, where as the constable was, for 
 y towne and castell perteyned to hym ; kynge Charles had gyuen it to hym and to his 
 heyres : and whyle the bysshop was there a sykenes toke hym, and so lay in a feuer a xy. 
 dayes and dyed : then in his stede was sente the bysshop of Langers, and he toke his 
 waye with the other into Bretayne. 
 
 It myght be demaunded of me howe I knewe all these matters, to speke so proprely 
 of them. I answere to all suche, that I haue made grete dylygence in my dayes to 
 knowe it, and haue serched many royalmes and covuitreys to come to the true know- 
 ledge of all y matters conteyned in this hystory, wrylen and to be wryten, lor god gaue 
 me the grace to haue the laysure to se in my dayes, and to haue the acquayniauuce of 
 all the hyghe and myghty prynces and lurdes as well in Fraunce as in Englande: for in 
 the yere of our lorde god a M. iii. C. iiii. score and x. I had laboured xxxvii. yeres, 
 and as then I was of the age of Ivii. yeres ; and in xxxvii. yeres, a man beynge in 
 
 2M2 stiength, 
 
 " Gueltlres. ^ " Miles de Dormans, Biihop of Beauvais." ' De Vienne. 
 
268 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 strength, and wel reteyned in euery coost as I was, (for after my yonge dayes I was in the 
 kynge of Englandes courte V. yeres with the quene, and also I was welcome to kyn<^e 
 Johri o( Fraunceaiid to kynge Charles his sone), my<^ht well lerne many thynges ; and 
 surely it was alwayes my chefe ymairynacyon and pleasure to enquyre and to retayne it 
 by wrytynge ; and howe I was enfounntd of the takynge of the constable of Fraunce I 
 shall shewe you. A yere after this matter fell, I rode from the cyte of Angyers to 
 Towres in Towrayne: and I laye on a nyght at Heauforte in y vale, and the nexte day I 
 met with a knyghi of Bretayne, called syr Wyllyam Daneenys ; he was rydynge to se 
 my lady of Mayll in Towrayne, his cosyne, and her chyldren ; she Avas newly a wy- 
 dowe, and I fell in aquayntaunce with this knyglit, and founde hym ryght courtoys and 
 svvete of wordes ; then [ deniauiided of hyni some tydynges, and specyally of the 
 takynge of the constable, whiche matter I was glad to here, and to kiiowe the trooth 
 therol ; and he shewed me and sayd howe he had ben at y parlyament at Wannes,' with 
 f lorde of Ancenys his cosyne, a grete baron of Bretayne: and in lyke maner as syr 
 Espayne de Lyon enfourmed me of all thynges that had fallen in Foyze, in Byerne, and 
 in gascoyne, and also as syr John Ferrant parteke"" shewed me of all the matters of Por- 
 tyngale and of Castell, in lyke maner this knyght shewed me many thynges, and more 
 wolde haue done, if I had ryden longer in his company. Tlius bytwene Mounte le 
 herry and Premylly" was iiii. grete leages, and we rode but softely, and in this way he 
 shewed me many thynges, y whiche 1 bare well in my remenibraunce, and specyally of 
 the aduentures of Bretayne; and thus as we rode, and that we came nere to Premylly," 
 we entred into a medowe : there this knyght rested and sayd : A god haue mercy of the 
 soule of the good constable of Fraunce; he dydde here ones a goodly iourney, and 
 profytable for the royalme, vnder the baner of syr .lohii de Bewell, for he was not as 
 then constable, but newly come out of Spayne ; and I demaunded of hym howe it was. 
 I shal shewe you, sayd he, whe I am on horsebacke, and so we mounted ; than we rode 
 forthe fayre and easely, and as we rode he sayde : 
 
 In the season that 1 haue shewed you, quod this knight, this countre here was full of 
 tnglysshmen, robbers and pyllers of Gascoyne, bretons, and almayns, and aduenturers 
 of all nacions, for all the countre on bolhe sydes of the ryuer of Loyre were reple- 
 nysshed with them: for the warre bytwene Frauce and Englande was newly renewed, 
 so thai all maner of tlieues and robbers entred into this countrey : for here they assem- 
 bled and lortifyed iheselfe, to conquere the castell of Beauforde in the valey, that ye , 
 sawe but late, was in their handes and all the countrey about. Thus, to come to my 
 purpose, the Englysshmen and wascoyns had in their handes the towne and castell of 
 Prinulley," and had gretly fortil'yed it; and they helde also other smalle forteresses 
 alonge by the ryuer ol Loyre ; and whansoeuer they wolde ryde, they were to the nom- 
 bre bytwene a thousande and eyght hundred hghtynge men. Than sir Bertram, sir 
 Johan of BeuU, and the lorde of Mailly, and other knyghles of this countrey sette 
 their ymaginacions howe they myght delyuer the coutrey of these people, and gathered 
 toguyder a fyue hudred speares, and had spyes, and knewe whan the Englysshemen 
 wolde ryde, and were in purpose to come before Satimre, for the capytaynes of all their 
 fortresses were assembled togyder at Prinully,"^ whiche is a lyteil here before vs. The 
 frenchmen rode and pissed the water that ye se here by vs, and layde theselfe in a 
 busshment in a wode, a lytell here besyde on our ryght hande ; and in the mornynge, 
 at the Sonne risynge, the englysshemen and other departed from PrinuUy,'' and they 
 were a nyne hundred men; and whanne oure men sawe them, they knewe well they 
 must lyght; and there they comuned toguyder what crye thev shulde call on that daye ; 
 some wolde haue cryed the crye of sir Bertrame, but he wolde in no wyse agre therto ; 
 
 and 
 
 " Vannes. ' Fernando Portelet, ' Preuilly. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 269 
 
 and moreoner he sayd, that he wolde displaye no baner that day, but that he wolde 
 fyght vnder the baner of syr Johan de Beull. Than our ennemyes came into this me- 
 dowe, where as I lyghted right nowe ; and as soone as they were entred, we brake out 
 of our busshement and entred into tiie medowe; and as soone as they sawe vs they 
 alyghted a I'ole, and we in iykewise, and so entred eche williin other: ther was sore 
 foynynge eche agaynst other, and dyuers of bolhe parties ouerthrowen. Thus our 
 batayle endured a longe space, without knowyng who shulde bane the vyctorie: but, 
 to saye y trouth, we were all chosen men of amies, and many of our ennemyes were 
 but yuell armed, and were but theues and robbers; howbeit, they founde vs worke 
 ynoua;he, and oure handes full: but than sir Moris Tresiquedc and sir Geffray Richone, 
 sirGeffray Caresnell" and Morfonase, folowed sir Bertram at the spurres ; they came 
 and refresshed vs with a ihrc score speares of good men of armes, and they rushed in 
 with their horses and brake oure ennemyes so abrode, that they coude nat asseble toguy- 
 deragayne; and whanne the capylayns of these pyllers sawe that the iourney wente 
 agaynst them, they tooke their horses, nat all, for there abode in the felde a thre hun- 
 dred slayne and taken; and the chase endured to saynt Mors** on the ryuer of Loyre, 
 and there they entred into a bastel ; Sir Robert Sem,"" Robert Heme,'' Richarde Gylle,^ 
 and Jacomyne Gierke, these foure saued themselfe, and passed ouer the ryuer of Loyre, 
 and so entred into foure fortresses, tliat their men helde on that syde the ryuer; but 
 they taryed nat longe there, but rode into Auuergne and Lymosyn. 
 
 Thus by this iourney all the coutre here aboute was delyuered, for the robbers nor 
 they assembled no more toguyder after; therfore I saye, that sir Bertram the constable 
 was a valyaunt man, and profitable for the realme of Fraunce. Sir, quod 1, it is trewe, 
 lie was a valyaunt man, and so is sir Olyuer of Glesquyn ;' and whan I named hym 
 Glesquyn, the knight smyled, and I demaunded of hym where at he smyled. Sir, 
 quod he, 1 shall shewe, bycause ye name hym Glesquyn,' for that is nat his right name, 
 nor neuer was; thoughe euery man call hym so, yet all we of Bretayne call hym the 
 same ; and sir Bertram, while he lyued, wolde gladly haue hadde it refourmed, but he 
 coude nat amende it, for the worde is redyer to falle on a mannes tonge than his right 
 name. Than I desyred hym of his courtesy to shewe me if there were any grete dif- 
 ference bytwene his nitmes. Nay, sir, quod he, there is no grete difference : but where 
 he is called Clesquyn/ he shulde be named Glaye aquyne ; and I shall shewe you, as I 
 haue herde it reported, howe that name came to hym, and it is of trouthe, for ye shall 
 fynde it written in the auncyent cronycles of Bretaygne. The wordes of this knight 
 greatly pleased me; and I said to hym, Sir, ye shall do me great pleasure to shewe me 
 the mater, and I shall neuer forgete it, for sir Bertram was so valyaunt a knyght, that 
 his dedes ought to be put in remembraunce. That is true, quod the knyght, and I shall 
 shewe you. Thus sir VVyllyam of Aunsiens* began his lale: 
 
 In the season whan Gharles the great raigned in Fraunce, who conquered and aug- 
 meted the faythe, and was Emperour of Rome and kyng of Fraunce and of Almaygne, 
 and lyeth at Ayes the chapell, this kynge Gharles, as we rede and fynde in the auncyent 
 cronycles, for ye knowe well that all the knowlege in the worlde is knowen by writyng, 
 for we haue nothyng to founde vpon trouthe nor to aproue it but by scripture: this 
 kyng Gharles was in Spayne diuers tymes, and at one tyme he was styll there a ix. yere, 
 without retournyng into Fraunce, but styll went forthe on his conquest. In the same 
 season ther was a kyng sarazyn, called Aquyn ; he was kyng of Bougie'' in Barbary, 
 right ouer agaynst spaigne, for Spaygne is a great countrey, begynnyng at saynt Johfis 
 
 Pie 
 
 " Kerimel. ' Saint Maur. "= Cheney. * Hervey. ' fJiles. 
 
 ' Du Guesclin. ' D'Ancennis. '" Bugia. 
 
270 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 Pieduporte: for the realine of Anagon and Nauer, of Bisquay, ofPortugale, ofCo- 
 nymbres," ofLisbone, of Ciuyle, of Toilet,'' of Gordwayne,'^and of Lyon, all these be in- 
 closed within Spayne and other; and this great kyng Charlemayne coquerid all these 
 countreis: and in this season that the kyng taryed there so longe, this kyng Aquyn of 
 Bougy'' in Barbary assembled his me, and came by see into Bretaygne, and arryued at the 
 porte of Wannes," and he hadde there with hym his wyfe and chyldren, and there he 
 conquered and went lorwarde. Kynge Charles was well enfourmed of this viage, and 
 howe kynge Aquyn prospered in Bretayne ; but for all that he wolde nat breke his vyage, 
 and sayd, Lette hym alone in Bretaygne; it shal be but a small mater to delyuer the 
 countrey of hym and of his, whan we haue ones subdued his oountrey here, and 
 brought it into the holy faythe. This kynge Aquyn buylded a towre by the see syde, 
 nat iarre of fro Wannes,^ a goodly and a fayre towre, and it was called Glaye ; and 
 there this kynge Aquyn lay moche ; and whan kyng Charles had accomplished his 
 vyage, and acquyled all Galyce and Spaygne from all the myscreantes, and the kynges 
 Sarazyns deed and slayne, and all the lande tourned to the Christen faythe, than he 
 retdurned into Bretaygne, and on a daye hadde a great batayle agaynst this kynge 
 Aquyne, and nyghe all the myscreantes slayne ; and so this kynge Aquyne fledde into 
 the castell of Glayc, and there he hadde redy at the foote of the towre a shyppe, and 
 therin he enlred, and his wyfe and his chyldren ; but he and his wyfe made suche haste, 
 he was so nere chased, that they hadde no leysar to take with them a yong sonne that 
 laye and slepte in the towre, of a yere olde. Thus the kynge and his wyfe departed by 
 the see, and this chylde was founde in the towre of Glaye, and was brought to kynge 
 Charlemaygne, who was right ioyouse of hym, and said, howe y chylde shulde be bap- 
 tysed, and so he was, and Rouland and Olyuer helde hym ouer the fonte, and was 
 named Olyuer ; and the kyng gaue him all the landes that his father Aquyn had con- 
 quered. This chylde, whan he came to the age of a man, was a good knight, and his 
 men called hym sir Olyuer de Glaye aquyn, bycause he was founde in the towre of 
 Glaye, and sonne to the kynge Aquyn. 
 
 Thus I haue shewed you the firste foundacyon of sir Bertram of Clesquyn,' who 
 shulde be called Glaye aquyne : and sir Bertram in his dayes, after the puttynge out of 
 kynge Do peter of Castyle, and had crowned kyng Henry, sayde howe he wolde go into 
 Bougy*^ to demaude his herytage ; and without fayle so he had done, for kyng Henry 
 had lent hym men and shyppes to go into Bougye'' with a great armye, if a great lette 
 had nat broken his voyage ; and that was whaiie the prince of Wales made warre vpon 
 the sayde kynge Henry, and dyde put hym downe, and by puissaunce dyde sette into 
 Castyle agayne Do peter: and than at the batayle of Alarres," sir Bertram was taken pri- 
 sonner by sir Johan Chandos, and was sette to raunsome at a hudred thousande frankes ; 
 and at another tyme he was also taken at the batayle of Alroy,"" and raunsomed agayne 
 at a hundred thousande frankes. So thus sir Bertrams purpose was brokenne, for the 
 wanes bytwene Englande and Fraunce was renewed ; so that they hadde ynoughe to 
 do. Thus he was lynially discended fro the kynge of Bougy,'' named Aquyne, whose 
 kyngdome is in Barbarye. Thus I haue shewed you the ryght discente of sir Bertram 
 of Clesquyn:' I thanked hym, and so we came to the towne of PrinuUey.' 
 
 Coiinbra. * Toledo. ' Cordova. '' Bugia. ' Vannes. ' Guesclin. 
 
 ' Najara. " Auray. ' Preuiily. 
 
 Hoive 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. sn 
 
 Howe (he frenche amhassadours came to the duke of Bretdpie, vpon the takyng of the 
 editable of France, and of the aunswere that was made to them. 
 
 CAP. XCI/ 
 
 IF I liad ben as longe in copany with this knit^ht, sir Guyllyam of Aunsens,'' as I was 
 with sir Espayn de Leon, wha I rode with hym fro the cyte of Pauyers' to Ortayes in 
 Byerne, or elles as long as I had ben with sir John Ferent Pertelette'' of Portyngale, he 
 vvolde haue shewed me many thynges ; but it was nat so, for after dyner, whan we had 
 rydden a ii. leages. we came to a forked waye ; the one way was right to Towres in Tow- 
 rayne, whether as I supposed to ryde, and the other waye Avas to Maylly, whether the 
 knyght was determyned to ryde: so at this waye we brake company, takyng leaue eche 
 at other ; but bytwene Prinuiley" and our departynge he shewed me many thynges, and 
 specially of the busynesse in Bretayne, and howe the bysshoppe of Langers was sent in 
 the stede of the bysshoppe of Beawuoys, who died by the waye ; and how the bys- 
 shoppe of Langers, with sir Johan de BowylFand other, came to the duke of Bretayne, 
 and of the answere that they had : and on the informacyon of this knyght I toke my 
 foundacion, and haue written as foloweth. 
 
 Ye haue herde here before howe these amhassadours departed fro Parys, fro the kyng 
 and his counsayle, well instructed what they shulde saye and do ; and so long they rode 
 by their iourneys, that they aryued at Nauntes : than they demaunded where the duke 
 was ; it was shewed the howe he was about the marchesse of Wanes,^ wher as most ac- 
 customably he lay: they rode thyder, and so came to the cytie of Wannes,^ it is but xx. 
 myles bytwene. The duke was in the castell called le Mote: than they came before the 
 duke, who by semblant made to the good and swete recule. The bysshoppe of Langers, 
 bycause he Avas a prelate, began to speke and to make his preposicyon well and sagely, 
 and sayde, Sir duke, we are here sente to you fro the kynge our maister and fro his 
 vncles, the duke of Berrey and of Burgoyne, to shewe vnto you howe they haue great 
 marueyle, in that the voiage that they Avolde haue made into Englande is by your 
 meanes broken, and haue taken and raunsomed the Constable of Fraunce at so highe a 
 rausome, that tliey are ryght sorie therof ; and moreouer, ye wyll haue thre of his cas- 
 telles in Bretaygne, the whiche shal be a great anoyauce to all the resydue of the coiitre, 
 if they shulde be hoide agaynst them, with the ayde of the towne of Jugone, the Avhiche 
 is pert-iynynge to the Constables herytage ; therfore AA'e are charged to shewe you, and 
 we saye vnto you as messangers fro the kynge our mayster, and from his vncles, that 
 ye rendre agayne to the costable of France his herytage, that ye Avith holde from hym, 
 and sette hym agayne in peasable possessyon, accordyno; vnto ryght, in lyke maner as 
 they Avere before, whan they Avere delyuered you perforce, and by none other ryght nor 
 tytell that ye haue to them; and also, that ye restore agayne entierlye all the money 
 that ye haue hadde of hym : and this is the commaundement of the kynge and his coun- 
 sayle, that ye come personally to Parys, or where as it shall please the kyng to assygne 
 you, there to make your excuse ; and we repute hym so benygne and pacyent with that 
 ye be of the blode royall, that he wyll here your excuse: and if he be nat reasonable, 
 the duke of Berrey and the duke of Burgoyne wyll so temper hym, that ye shal be 
 frendes and cosyn to the kynge, as by reason ye ought to be. Than the bysshopp 
 
 tourned 
 
 ' This chapter ought to be numbered LXXXVII. '•' D'Ancennis. ' Paumiers. 
 
 '' Fernando Portelet. ' Preuilly. ' BueiL * Vannes. 
 
272 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 tourned hytn to sir Johan of Beull, and said, Sir, is nat this the kynges pleasure? and 
 he sayde yes, and so dyde sir Johan de Vyeii. At these wordes there were no mo 
 present but they foure. 
 
 Whan the duke of Bretaine had herde the bysshoppe of Langers speke, he studyed a 
 lytell, and good cause why, for it was a great matter, and at the laste he sayde, Sirs, I 
 haue well vnderstande your wordes, and it is good reasone that I so do, bycause ye be 
 sent from the kyng and his vncles; wherfore in their behalfe I wyil do you all the 
 honour and reuerence that I can do; I am bounde therto ; but your demaude and re- 
 quest requyreth comisayie, wherfore I shall take counsayle with myne, and make you 
 suche answere, that ve shall be contented. Sir, ye save well, quod they; it suffyceth 
 vs. Than they departed, and weute to tlieir lodgyuges. At nyght they were desyred 
 to dyne the nexte daye with the duke. So the nexte daye they came to the duke, and 
 were well receyued, and so wasshed and went to dyner, and satte downe; firste, the 
 bysshoppe of Langers, bycause he was a prelate, and tlian the duke, than the admyrall 
 of Fraunce, and thanne sir Johan de Eeulle: they hadde a great dyner, and were well 
 serued, and after dyner tliey entred into a counsayle chambre, and there they talked of 
 dyuers maters, and herde myiistrelsy. 
 
 These lordes of Fraunce thought surely to haue hadde an answere, but they hadde 
 none. Than wyne and spyces were brought in, and so made collasyon, and than toke 
 their leaue and departed to their lodgynge. The nexte daye they were apoynted to 
 come to the duke, and so tlicy dvde, and the duke receyued them swetely, and at the 
 laste sayd. Sirs, I knovve well ye looke to be aunswered, for by the wordes that I haue 
 herde you saye, ye are charged by the kyng and his vncles to bring them an answere ; 
 wherlore I say to you, y I haue done nothynge to sir Olyuer of Clesquyne^ wherof I 
 shulde repente me, sauynge of one thynge, and that is. That he hadde so good a mar- 
 kette as to escape alyue: and in that I saued his lyfe was for the loue of his offyce and 
 nat lor his persone, for he hath done me soo many displeasures that I ought to hate hym 
 deedly: and sauynge the displeasure of the kyng and of his vncles, and his coijsayle, 
 for all the takynge of sir Olyuer, I haue nat therby broken their voyage by the see. I 
 wyll well excuse myselfe therin, for I thouo^ht non yuell the daye that I toke hym. A 
 man ought to take his ennemy whersoeuer he fynde hym ; and if he were deed, I wolde 
 thynke the realme of Fraunce to be as well ruled or better than it is by his counsayle; 
 and as for his castelles that I holde, the wliiche he hath delyuered me, I am in posses- 
 syon of them, and so wyll be, withoute the puyssaunce of a kynge take them fro me: 
 and as tor rendringe of his money, I aunswere, I haue had so moche to do in tyme 
 paste, by the meanes of this sir Olyuer of Clysquyn,' that I ranne in dette gretlye 
 therby ; and nowe I haue payde tliem that I was bounde vnto, by reason of this dette. 
 This was the answere that the duke of Bretaygne made to the kynges ambassadours. 
 Than they layde forthe other reasons, to enduce the duke to some reasonable waye ; 
 but all his answeres tourned euer to one conclusyon: and whan they sawe none other 
 waye, they toke their leaues to departe, and y duke gaue them leaue. Thaiie they re- 
 tourned, and dyd so nioch by theyr iourneys that they came to Parys, to the house of 
 Beautie, besyde Wynsentes.'' There was the kyng and the queue, and thyder came 
 the duke of Berrey and the duke of Bourgoyne, hauyng great desyre to knowe what an- 
 swere the duke of Bretaygne hadde made. 
 
 The aunswere ye haue herde here before, I nede nat to shewe it agayne ; but the 
 kyng and his counsayle were nat content with the duke of Bretaygne, that his ambassa- 
 dours hadde made no better exployte : and they sayde ho we the duke was a proude man 
 
 and 
 
 ' Clisson. '' Beaute, near Vincennes, 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 273 
 
 and a presumptuous, and that the mater shulde nat so reste in peace, seynge the matter 
 so preiudyciall for the Crowne of Fraunce : and the enlensyon of the kynj^ and his 
 counsayle was, to make wane agaynste the duke of Bretayne; and the duke loked for 
 nothynge elles, for he sawe and knewe well howe he had greatly displeased the kyng 
 and his^counsell ; but he hated so mortally the constable, that it toke fro hyni the good 
 order of reason, for he repented hym sore that he had nat putte hym to dethe whan he 
 hadde hym in his daunger. Thus the mater contynued a longe season ; and the duke 
 of Bretayne laye at Wannes,' and lytell and lytell rode ouer his countrey, for he 
 feared greatly embusshmentes. He kepte styll in loue and fauour his cyties and good 
 townes, and made secrete treaties with the Englysshmen, and made his castelles and for- 
 teresses to be as well kepte as thoughe he had had opyn warre, and was in many imagi- 
 nacions on the dede he had done. Somtyme he wolde say, he wolde he had nat taken 
 the constable; howebeit, he sayd, euer to stoppe mennes mouthes, that sir Olyuer of 
 Clesquyn'' had sore displeased hym, so that many a man sayd, that elles he wolde neuer 
 haue done it ; therby he brought his coutre in feare, for it is but a small signorie, if a 
 prince be nat feared and douted of his menne, for and the worste fall, he maye haue 
 peace whan he lyst. 
 
 Nowe lette vs leaue to speke of the duke of Bretaygne, and let vs somwhat speke of 
 the busynesse that was in the realme of Englade, vvhiche was in the same season, horryble 
 and marueylous. 
 
 Howe Ike kyng of Englandes vncles were of one accorde and aliauce agaynst the kyng 
 and his counsaile, and of (he murmurynge of the people agaynst the duke of Ire- 
 lande, and of the aunsiyere of the londoners to the duke of Gloucestre. 
 
 CAP. XCII.^ 
 
 YE haue herde here before howe the kyng of Englandes vncles, the duke of yorke 
 and the duke of Gloucestre, with therle of Salisbury and the erle of Arundell, the erle 
 of Northumberlande, the erle of Notyngham, and the archebysshoppe of Gauterbury, 
 all these were of one alyaunce and accorde agaynst the kynge and his counsayle : for 
 these lordes and other were nat content w the kynges counsayle, and sayd among them- 
 selfe : This duke of Irelande dothe with the kynge what he lyste, and with all (the 
 realme ; the kyng wyll nat be counsayled but by vnhappy men, and of base lynage, and 
 taketh no regarde to the great lordes of his realme : as longe as he hath suche counsayle 
 about hym, the busynesse of Englande can nat do well, for a realme can nat be well go- 
 uerned nor a kynge well counsayled by suche vngracious people. It is sene, a poore 
 man mouled into gret estate and in fauoure with his mayster, often tymes corrupteth 
 and distroyeth the people and the realme. A man of base lynage canne nat knowe what 
 parteyneth to honoure ; their desyre is euer to enryche and to haue all theselfe, lyke an 
 Otter in th« water, whiche coueteth to haue all that he fyndeth. Who hath any pro- 
 fyte by that the duke of Irelande is so great with the kyng? We knowe full well fro 
 ■whense he came ; yel we se that all the realme is ruled by hym, and nat by the kynges 
 vncles, nor by none of his blode. This ought nat to be suffred. We knowe well 
 ynoughe that the Erie of Oxenforde had neuer y grace to do any valyaunt dede m this 
 realme; his honour, wysedome, counsayle, or gentylnesse is ryght well knowen, and 
 that was well knowen ones by sir Johan Chandos, in the prince of Wales house at saynt 
 Andrewes in Burdeaux. Another demaiided what mater was that? I shall shewe you, 
 Vol. II. 2 N q"od 
 
 • Vannes. ;; Clisson. ' This cliapter ought to be numbered LXXXVIII. 
 
274 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 quad the other knyght, for I was there present. There was wyne brought on a day 
 into the princes chanibre, where as there were many lordes of Englande with hyrn ; 
 and whan the prince had dronke, bicause sir John Chandos was constable of Acquitavne, 
 the prince sente hym his cnjjpe first to drinke, and he toke the cuppe and dranke, and 
 made therof none uffre firste to the Erie of Oxenforde, who was father to this duke of 
 Irelade ; and after that sir Johan Chandos had dronke, a squyer bare the cuppe to the 
 Erie, who hadtle suche dispyte that sir Johan Chandos hadde droke before hym, that he 
 refused the cuppe, and wolde nat drinke, and sayde to the squyer in maner of a mocke, 
 Go to liiy niaysier Chandos, and bydde hym drinke. Shall I go, said the squyer, he 
 hath dronke all redy ? Therfore drinke you, sythe he hath offred It to you : if ye wyll 
 n;it drinke, by saynt George I shall cast the drinke in your face. Therle, whan he 
 herd that, doutcd that the squyer wolde do as he sayde, and so toke the cuppe, and 
 sette it to his mouthe and dranke, or at leest made semblant to drinke. And sir Johan 
 Chandos, who was nat farre thens, sawe well all the mater, and helde hym styll tyll the 
 prince was gone from them; than he came to the Erie and sayde, Sir Aubery,^ are ye 
 displeased in that I dranke before you ? I am Constable of this countrey ; I maye well 
 drinke before you, sythe my lorde the Prince and other lordes here are cotente tlier- 
 ■wilh. It is of troulhe ye were at the batayle of Poyclers; but suche as were there 
 knoweth nat so well as I what ye dyd ther ; I shall declare it. 
 
 Whanne that my ioide the Prince hadde made his voyage 'n Languedocke and Car- 
 cassone to Narbone, and was retourned hytlier to this towne of Bourdeaux, ye toke on 
 you to go into Englande. What the Kynge sayde to you at your comynge I knowe 
 ryght well, yet I was nat there. He demaunded of you if ye hadde furny^shed your 
 voyage, and what ye had done with his Sonne the Prince. Ye aunswered, howe ye had 
 lelte hym in s;ood hckh at Bourdeaux. Than the kynge sayde, What and howe durste 
 ye be so bulde to retourne without hym ? 1 cominauded you and all other whan ye de- 
 parted, that ye shulde nat retourne without hym, on payne of all th.(t ve inyght for- 
 fayte; and you thus to retourne: I straiily conimaunde you, that within four dayes ye 
 auoyde my realme, and retouine agayne to hym, for and I fynde you within lliis my 
 realme the fifth day, ye shall lese your lyfe, and all your herytage for euer. And ye 
 feared the kynges wordes, as it was reason, and so auoyded the realme, and so your 
 adueture and fortune was good, for tiuely ye were with my lorde the prince a foure 
 dayes before the batayle of Poycters : and so ye hadde the day of the batayle fourtie 
 speares vnder your charge, and I had threscore. Nowe ye maye se wheder I ought to 
 drinke before you or nat, sythe I am constable of Acquytaygne. The erie of Oxen- 
 forde was ashamed, and wolde gladlye he hadde ben thens at that tyme, but he was 
 fayne to suffre and to here those woides. This sir Johan Ciiandos sayde to hym in 
 opyn presence, therfore it is nat to be niarneyled. ihouglie this duke of Irelande, who is 
 Sonne to the sayd erIe of Oxenforde, be disdaynfull, in folowynge the steppes of his 
 father; for he taketli vpon hym to rule all Englande aboue the kynges vncles. W^ell, 
 quod some other, why shulde he nat, sythe the kyng wyll haue it so? 
 
 Thus the people in the realme murmured in dyuers places agaynst the duke of Ire- 
 lande ; and he dyde one thyng that greatly abated his honoui . and that was, he had 
 firste to his wyfe the doughter of the lorde of Coucy, the lady Isnbell, who was a fayre 
 Lady and a good, and of more noble blode than he is of; but he fell in loue with an- 
 other tlamosel I of the queues of Englande, an Alniaygne'' borne, and dyde so moche with 
 pope Vrbayne at Rome, that he was deuorsed fro the dougliter of the lorde Coucy, 
 without any tytell of reason, but by presumpcion, and lor his synguler appetyte, and 
 
 than 
 
 .' His name was Thomas. ^ A German. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 275 
 
 than wedded the queues mayde, and kynge Rycharde conseted therto: he was so 
 blynded with this duke oflrelande, that if he had sayd, sir, this is whyte, though it had 
 ben blacke, y kyng Avolde nat haue sayd the contrarye. _ This dukes mother was greatly 
 displeased with hym for that dede, and toke into her copany his first wyfe, the lady of 
 Coucy. The duke dyde yuell, and therfore at length yuell came to hym ; and this was 
 the first princypall cause that he was behated for In Englande : euery thyng that turneth 
 to yuell must haue a begyniiing of yuell. This duke of Irelande trusted so moche in 
 the grace and fauour of the kyng, that he beleued that no man shulde trouble hym: 
 and it was a comon renome through Englade, that ther shulde be a newe taxe raysed 
 through the realme, that euery fyre shulde paye a noble, and the riche to beare out the 
 poore? The kynges vncles knewe well it wolde be a harde mater to bringe about, and 
 they had caused certayne wordes to be sowen abrode in the cyties and good townes of 
 Englande, as to saye, howe the people of Englande were sore greued with taxes and 
 tale'nges, and howe there was great rychesse raysed, and that the comon people wolde 
 haue accomptes of the gouernours therof, as the archebysshop of yorke, the duke oflre- 
 lande, sir Symon Burle,' sir Mychaell de la Pole, sir Nycholas Brable,''sir Robert Try- 
 uilyen,'^ sir Peter Goloufer, sir Johan Salisbury, sir Johan Beauchampe, and the maisters 
 of the Staple of the wolles. The commons sayd, that if they wolde make a trewe 
 accopte, there shulde be founde golde and syluer suffycient, without raysing of any newe 
 subsydies. It is a common vsage, none is gladde to pay money nor to opyn their purses 
 if they may lette it. 
 
 This brute and noyse spredde so abrode in Englande, and specially in the cytie of 
 London, whiche is chyefe cytie in the realme, that all the comons rose and sayde, howe 
 they wolde knowe howe the realme was gouerned, sayenge, howe it was longe syth any 
 accompte Avas made. Firste, these londoners drewe theym to syr Thomas of Wood- 
 stocke, duke of Gloucestre, thoughe he were yonger brother than sir Edmonde duke of 
 yorke. The comon people reputed the duke of Glocestre for a valyant and a sage dis- 
 crete parson : and whan they came before hym they sayde, Syr, the good cytie of Lon- 
 don recomaundeth them to you, and all the people in generall requireth you to take 
 vpon you the gouernynge of the realme, for they knowe well it is nat vnknowen to 
 you howe the kynge and the realme is gouerned. The comon people complayneth ; 
 them sore, for the kynges counsayle demaundeth tayles vpon tayles, aydes vpon aydes, 
 so that the realme hath ben more greued with tayles and other subsydies nat accustomed, 
 sythe the kynges Coronacyon, than in fyftie yere before, and it is nat knowen where 
 the richesse is become : wherfore, sir, maye it please you to prouyde some remedy, or 
 elles the mater wyll go yuell, for the commons cryeth out theron. Than the duke an- 
 swered and sayde, fayre sirs, I haue herde you well speke, but I alone can nat remedy 
 this mater ; howebeit, I se well ye haue cause to coplayne, and so bathe all other 
 people; but though I be vncle to the kynge and sonne to a kyng, though I shulde speke 
 therof, yet nothynge shal be done for all that: for the kyng my nephue hath suche cou- 
 sayle as nowe about hym, whome he beleueth better than hymselfe, whiche cousayle 
 ledeth hym as they lyste ; but if ye wyll come to the effecte of your desyres, it must be- 
 houe you to haue of youre accorde and agrement all the cyties and good townes of 
 Englande, and also some prelates and noble personages of the realme, and so come to- 
 guyder into the kynges presens, and I and my brother shal be there ; and than ye maye 
 saye to the kynge, Ryght dere sir, ye were crowned very yonge, and yuell ye haue ben 
 counsayled as yet by ther vnto; nor ye haue nat takenne good regarde to the busynesse ] 
 of this your realme, by reason of the poore and yonge counsayle that ye haue aboute 5, 
 you ; wherby the matters of your realme hath hadde but small and yuell efTectes, as ye 
 
 o N 2 haue 
 
 ' Burley. '' Bramber. ' *rresilian. 
 
276 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 haue sene and knowen ryght well ; for if God hadde nat shewed his grace, this realme 
 had been loste and distroyed ; therfore, sir, here in the presens of your vncles, we re- 
 quyre youre grace, as humble subiectes ought to desyre their prince, that your grace 
 wyll fynde some remedy, that this noble Realme of Englande, and the noble crowne 
 therof, whiche is discended to you from the noble kyng Edwarde the thirde, who was y 
 moost noblest kynge that euer was sythe Englande wasfirste inhabyted, that it niaye be 
 susteyned in prosperyte and honour, and your people that complayneth, to be kepte and 
 maynteyned in their ryghtes, the whiche to do your grace dyde swere the daye of youre 
 Coronacion; and that it maye please you to call togyther the thre estates of your 
 Realme, prelates and barovvnes, and wysemen of your "cyties and good townes, and that 
 they may regarde if the gouernyng of your realme that is past, be Avell or nat ; and, sir, 
 if they parceyue that it hath been well, thanne suche as be in offyce to remaygne styll as 
 longe as it shall please your grace ; and if they be founde contrarye, thane they in cour- 
 tesse maner to be auoyded fro your persone, and other notable and dyscrete persones to 
 be sette into offyce ; Hrst, by your noble aduyse, and by the consent of my lordes your 
 vncles, and noble prelates and barones of your realme ; and, sirs, quod the duke of 
 Gloucester, whan ye haue made this supplycacion to the kynge, he wyll thanne make 
 you some maner of answere. If he saye that he wyll take counsayle in the mater, than 
 desyre to haue a shorte day ; and peyse^ so the mater before hande, to putte the kynge 
 and suche marmosettes as be about hym to some feare. Saye to hym boidely, that the 
 Realme wyll no lengar suffre it, and that it is marueyle howe they haue suffred it so 
 longe ; and I and my brother, and the bysshoppe of Caunterburye, and the Erie of 
 Salisbury, the Erie of Arundell, and the erle of Northumberlade wyll be by ; for with- 
 out we be present, speke no worde therof We are the g-reattest personao;es of Ens:- 
 lanae, and we shall ayde to susteyne your wordes, for all we shall say howe your de- 
 syre is but reasonable ; and whan he hereth vs speke, he wyll agre thereto, or els he 
 dothe amysse, and thervpon apoynt a tyme. This is the best counsayle I can gyue 
 you. Than the Londoners answered and sayde. Sir, ye counsayle vs nobly; but, sir, it 
 wyll be harde for vs to fynde y kyng and you and all these lordes toguyder in one place. 
 i>ay, nay, quod the duke, it maye well be done ; saynt Georges daye is nowe within 
 this syxe dayes ; the kynge wyll be than at Wyndsore, and ye knowe well the duke of 
 lielande wyll be there, and sir Symon Burle,'' and many other, and my brother and I 
 and therle of Salisbury shall be there; therfore prouyde for y mater ayenst that tyme. 
 Sir, quod they, it shal be done ; and so they departed ryght well contente with the duke 
 ^' ^''^'^cester. Than whan saynt Georges daye came, the kyng and the queue were at 
 Wyndsore, and made there a great feest, as his predecessours hadde done before, the 
 next daye after the feest of saynt George. Thyder came the londoners, to the nombre 
 oi threscore horse, and of yorke as many, and many other of dyuers good townes of 
 Englande, and they lodged in the towne of Wyndsore. The kyng was determyned to 
 departe to a place a thre leages thens, and whan he knewe of the commyng of the 
 people to speke w hym, he wolde the sooner haue ben gone ; he sayde he wolde in no 
 wyse speke with them : but than his vncles and therle of Salisbury sayd, sir, ye may 
 nat with your honour thus departe ; the people of youre good townes of Englande are 
 come hyder to speke with you ; sir, it is necessary that ye here them, and to knowe 
 what they demaunde, and there after ye maye aunswere them, or els take counsayle to 
 aunswere them. So thus full sore agaynst the kynges mynde he was fayne to tarye. 
 Than they came into his presens in the great hall alowe;'' there was the kynge and 
 bothe his vncles, and the archebysshoppe of Caunterbury, the bysshop of Wynchester, 
 the Chaunceler, and the erle of Salisbury, the erle of Northumberlande, and dyuers 
 other. There this people made their request to the kyng, and a bulges of London 
 
 spake 
 
 '. Peser,Tr. to \ve\gh or consider.—Coigrave's Did. " Burley. 'Below. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 277 
 
 spake for them all, named sir Simeon of Subery," a sao;e man and well lanpasjed, and 
 there declared well and boldely the effecte of tliiuformacyoii that the duke of Glocester 
 had shewed the before, as ye haue herde. Whan the kyng had herde hym well, he 
 sayd, Amonge you comons of my realme your requestes are great and long,; tliey are 
 nat ouer soone to be spedde ; we shall nat be togiiyder a^ayne a lonjr season, and also 
 great parte of my counsayle is nat here present ; lliei fore I saye vnto you, gette you 
 home agayne, andsytte in reste, and come nat a^ayne tyll the feest of Myghelmas, with- 
 out ye be sente for, at whiche tyme our parlyameiit shal be at Westmynster; than 
 come and bringe your requestes, and we shall shewe it to our counsayle, and that is ^ood 
 we shall accepte it, and that ought to be refused we shall condeinpne: but sirs, thinke 
 nat that we wyll be rewled by our comon people ; that shall neuer be sene ; as lor our 
 gouernynge, nor in the gouernaunce of them y rule vnder vs, we se nothvnge but right 
 and iustyce. Than a seuyn*" of them all with one voyce answered and sayde. Riiilii re- 
 doubted souerayne, sauyng your gracyous displeasure, as for iustyce in your realme is 
 right feble ; your grace knoweth nat all, nor canne nat knowe: your grace noutlier de- 
 maundeth for it nor enquereth therfore ; and suche as be of your coiisayle foibere to 
 shewe it you, bycause of their owne profyte ; for, sir, it is no iustyce to culte of lieedes, 
 handes, and fete ; suche maner of punysshmentes be nat laudable : but, sir, good iustice 
 is to kepe your people in ryght, and to sette suche wayes and order as they myght lyne 
 in peace, that they shulde haue none occasyon to grudge or to n.ake any conmiosyon: 
 and, sir, we saye that ye sette vs to longe a daye as to Mighelmas. Sir, we may be neuer 
 so well eased as nowe ; wherfore, sir, we saye all by one assente, that we wyll haue ac- 
 compte, and that shortely, of them that hath gouerned your realme sythe your Corona- 
 cyon; and we wyll knowe where youre Reuenewes is become, with all the taxes, tayles, 
 and subsydies this nyne yeres paste, and wheron they haue been bestowed. If suche as 
 are your treasourers make a good accompte, or nere thervnto, we shall be ryght ioyouse, 
 and suffre them to gouerne styll ; and if they can nat acquyte ihemselfe therin trewly, 
 they shal be refouimed by youre deputyes establysshed to that purpose, as my lordes 
 your vncles and other. With those wordes the kynge behelde his vncles and helde his 
 peace, to se what they wolde saye. Than sir Thomas duke of Gloucester sayde. Sir, 
 in the request and prayer of these good people, the commons of your realme, I se no- 
 thynge therin but rvght and reasoned Sir, quod the duke of yorke, it is of trouthe: and 
 so sayde all the other prelates and barons that were there piesent. Thau the duke of 
 Gloucester sayde agayne. Sir, it is but reason that ye kiiowe where your good is become. 
 The kyng sawe well howe they were all of one accorde, and sawe howe his chefe Mar- 
 mosettes durst speke no worde, for there Avere to many gret men agaynst them. Well, 
 quod the kyng, I am content ; lette them be rydde awaye, for summer season cometh 
 on and huntynge tyme, whervnto we wyll nowe entende. Than the kynge sayd to the 
 people, Sirs, wolde ye haue this mater shortely dispatched? Yea, sir, quod they, and 
 that humbly we beseche your grace ; and also we heseche all my lordes here, and specy- 
 ally my lordes your vncles to be thereat. We are content, quod they, for the apeysyng 
 of all parties, as well for the kynge as for the Realme, for our parte lyeth therin. Than 
 they sayde agayne, We desyre also the reuerende Hither in god, the archebysshoppe of 
 Caunterbury, the bysshoppe of Lyncolne, and the bysshuppe of Wynchester to be 
 there. They aunswered and sayde, they were content so to be. Than agayn they de- 
 syred all other lordes to be there that were there present, as the eile of Salisbury and 
 the Erie of Northumberlande, sir Reynolde Cobham, sir Guy Brian, sir Johii Felton,'' 
 sir Madiewe Gourney: and moreouer they sayd, they wolde ord.iyne that of euery good 
 cytie and towne In Englande there shulde be a thre or four notable persons, and they 
 
 shulde 
 
 'Sudbury. ^ " Plus de sept" — more than seven. ' Tliomas. — Jofmes. 
 
278 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 shulde determyne for all the hole comontie of Englande. Than this mater was deter- 
 myned, and to assemble the vtas of saint George at Westmynster, and tiiere ;til y trea- 
 sourers, collectours, and oflycers of the kynges to be there, and to make there accomptes 
 before these sayd lordes. The kyng was content therwith, and was brought to it by 
 fayrenesse and nat by force, by the desyre of his vncles and other lordes : it semed to 
 hym behouable to knowe where his treasoure was become. Thus amiably euery man 
 departed fro Wyndsore, and the lordes went to London, and the treasourers and other 
 ofTycers were sende for throughout the realme, to come with their full accomptes, on 
 payne of dishonourynge, and losse of all that they had, and lyfe. 
 
 Howe the day of acconipte came, and there the officers appered in the presence of the 
 kynges vncles and comraens of Englade, and hotve sir Simon Burle^ was prisoner i 
 the toure of London, and hoive sir Thomas Tri/uet dyed. 
 
 CAP. XCIII." 
 
 THE day prefixed came that all partes apered at westmynster ; and suche as shulde 
 make their accomptes apered before the kynges vncles, and suche other prelates and 
 lordes, with other, as were assigned to here the. This acconipte endured more than a 
 moneth ; and some there were that made their accomptes nother good nor honourable, 
 and suche were punisshed bothe by their bodyes and by their goodes. Sir Symon 
 Burle' was cast in arerage of ii. C. and 1. M. frankes, bycause' he was one of the gouer- 
 nours in the kynges youthe ; and he was demaunded where this good was bestowed. 
 He excused hymselfe by the bysshop of yorke and sir Wylliam Neuell, sayenge howe 
 he dyde nothyng but by their counsayle, and by the kynges chamberleyns, sir Robert 
 Tryuilyen,** sir Robert Beauchampe, sir Johan Salisbury, sir Nycholas Braule,' sir Peter 
 Goufer,' and other ; and whan they were demanded therof before the counsaile, they 
 denyed the mater, and layd all the faute in hym: and the duke of Irelande sayd to 
 hym priuely bytwene them two, Sir Symon, I vnderstande ye shal be arested and sette 
 in prison, and holde there tyll ye haue payed the some that is demaunded ; nothyng 
 shal be abated. Go your wave whether soeuer they sende you ; I shall right well make 
 your peace, thoughe they had all sworne the contrary. I ought to receyue of the con- 
 stable of Frauce thre^ct)re M. frankes for the launsome of Johan of Bretaygne, sonne 
 to saynt Charles of Bloys, the whiche some ye knowe well is owyng to me; I shall 
 present the counsayle therwith at this tyme ; and fynally, the kyng is our soueraigne 
 lorde, he shall pardon and forgyue it you clerely, for y profet ought to be his and no 
 mannes els. Syr, quod sir Symon Burle,^ if I thought nat that ye shulde helpe agaynst 
 the kynge, and to beare oui my dedes, I wolde departe out of England^ and go into 
 Almayne,^ and to the kyng of Beame,'' for tbyder I coulde be welcome ; and so let the 
 mater rynne a season tyll the worlde be better apeased. Than the duke sayde, I shall 
 neuer fayle you; we are companyons, and all of one sect; ye shall take day to pay 
 their deniaude: I knowe well ye maye pay and ye lyste in redy money, more than a 
 hundred thousaiide frankes: ye nede nat feare the dethe ; ye shall nat be brought to 
 that poynle; ye shall se the mater otherwise cluunge before the feast of saynt Michell, 
 whan 1 haue the kyng ones at my wyll, wherof I am sure ; for all that he dothe now at 
 
 this 
 
 " Burley. " This chapter ought to be numbered LXXXIX. ' " Notwithstanding." 
 
 '' Tresiihan. ' ' Bramber. ' Before called Gouloufer. « Germany. 
 
 '' Bohemia. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 279 
 
 this tyme is by force and agriynst his wyll. We miiste npease these cnrsed londoners, 
 and lay dowue this slaunder and brute that is nowe i aysed agaynst vs and ours. 
 
 Sir Symon Burle'' had a lyteir truste on the wordes of the duke of Irelande, and so 
 came before the lordes of Englande, dukes, erles, barons, and counsayle of the good 
 townes. Than it was sayde to hym, Sir Sviuon, ye liaue alwayes ben a notable knight 
 in tlie realme of Englade, and ye were well beloued with my lurde the prince ; and ye 
 and the duke of Irelande haue had in a maner the gouernynoe ofthekyng; we haue 
 sene all your maters and well examyned them, the whiche be nother good nor faire, 
 which gretly displeaseth vs, for your owne sake. It is clercly deterniyned by the hole 
 generall counsayle, that ye must go to prison into y lowre of London, and there to re- 
 mayne tyll ye haue brought into this chambre the money of the kynges and of the 
 realmes that ye haue gathered, the whiclie, as it apereth by the trcasourers rolles, 
 draweth to the some of "two hundred and fyfiy thousande Irankes. Nowe loke what ye 
 wyll say. Than syr Symon was halfe discomforted, and said, Sirs, I shall with a good 
 wyll, and also it behoueth me so to do, to fulfyll your comanndement ; 1 shall go where 
 as ye commaunde me ; but, my lordes, I require you let me haue a clerke assigned to me, 
 that he maye write all suche e.vpenses as 1 haue layde oute in tynie past, in Almayne'' 
 and in Beame," in procnrynge tlie kynges maryage ; and if there be any reast, I beseche 
 you let me haue the kynges grace and yours, tiiat I may haue reasonable dayes to pay it. 
 Sir, quod the lordes, we are content. Thus syr Symon Burle^ was in prison in the towre 
 of London. 
 
 Than the constable'' spake of sir Willyam Helmon and of sir Thomas Tryuet, for 
 they were nat greatly in y fauour of some of the barones of Englande, nor of the 
 commontie of the realme, for the vyage that they made into Flaunders, for it was sayd 
 that neuer Englysshmen made so shamefull a vyage. The bysshoppe of Norwyche and 
 sir Hughe Caurell,^ that was as than capitavne of Calais, were excused, and layde to the 
 others charge howe they hadde taken money for the gyueng vp of Burbourcke and 
 Grauelyng. Some sayd, that that dede was trayson. They were sent for, and 
 sir Wylliam Helmon came, but sir Thomas Tryuet was excused ; I shall shewe you 
 howe. 
 
 The same weke that he was sente for, beyng in his owne house in the Northe partes, 
 he rode out into the feldes vpon a yonge horse that he hadde, and spurred hym so that 
 the horse ranne awaye with hym ouer busshes and hedges, and at laste fell in a dyke 
 and brake his necke, and so sir Thomas Triuet dyed, whiche was great domage, and his 
 dethe was greatlye complayned with many good menne of the realme ; yet for all that 
 his heyres were fayne to paye a certayne somme of Floreyns to the Counsayle, to the 
 kynges behoue, as they sayde : but the chiefe encytyng of those maters came by the 
 kynges vncles, and by the generall counsayle of the coutrey, as it appered after in Eng- 
 lande; for of troutlie, thoughe the duke of Gloucestre was the yongest brother in age, 
 yet he was moost auncyent in the busynesse of the realme, for he drewe to that opinyon 
 that moost of the noble menne and prelates and the commons helde. Whan that sir 
 Thomas Tryuettes coposicion was made after his dethe, by the maner as ye haue herde 
 here before, therby the penauce of sir Wylliam Helmon was greatly asswaged ; he en- 
 tred with the counsayle, and by the nieanes of the valyantnesse of his body, and the 
 good seruyce that he had done dyuers tymes for Englande, as well in Bourdeloyes as in 
 Guyen and in Picardye, where he was ainayes proued a good knight, there was no- 
 thynge layde to his reproche but takynge of the money for the delyuerauce of Bur- 
 
 borcke 
 
 * Burley. " '• Too much." "^ Germany. ■* Bohemia, ' I apprehend this 
 
 should be " council." ' Calverley. 
 
280 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 horcke and Grauelynge. Than he excused hymselfe witli fiiyre and swete wordes, and 
 made dyuers reasonable reasons, and sayd, My lordes, whosoeuer were in lyke case as 
 we were in y tyme in the garyson of Bourburke. I thynke wolde do as we dyde. I haue 
 herde sir Jolifi Chandos and sir Gaultier of Manny say dyuers tymes, who were ri^ht 
 wyse and of gret valure, howe that a man ought of two or iii. wayes chose the best waye, 
 and wherby most to endomage his enemyes ; and tims sir Thomas Tryuet and I, beyncr 
 in the garysons of Bourburke and Grauelyng, and sawe howe we were enclosed on all 
 parties, and no conforte aperyng to vs from any parte, and parceyued well howe we 
 coulde nat endure many assautes, for they that laye about vs were as chosen men of 
 amies as euei- I sawe, or I trowe any other Englysshemenne ; for as I knewe iustely by 
 the reporte of our harraude they were at leest a syxtene thousande men of armes, 
 Icnyghtes and squyers, and a xl. thousande of other : and we were nat paste a thre hun- 
 dred speares and as many archers, and also our garysone was of suche cyrcuyte that we 
 coude nat entede on euery place, and that we well parceyued by an assaut that was 
 made vs on adaye: for whyle we were at oure defence on the one parte, they caste in 
 fyre on the other parte, wherby we were gretly abasshed, and that our ennemyes right 
 well parceyued j and therfore, to saye the trouthe, the Frenche kyng and hiscounsaile 
 wrought by great getylnesse, seyngy case that we were in, to gyue vs trewse; for if they 
 had gyuen vs another assaute the nexte daye, as they were ordayned to do, 1 thynke they 
 hadde taken vs at their pleasure ; yet for all this they courtesly treated with vs, by the 
 meanes of the duke of Bretayne, who tooke great payne in that mater ; and where as 
 we shulde haue gyuen theym money for our raunsommes, if we hadde ben taken, as it 
 was lykely, they gaue vs money, wherby we dyde them dommage, and it was in them to 
 haue endomaged vs. We thought we conquered greatly on them whan we had of their 
 money, and departed oureselfe safe and withoute trouble, and hadde with vs all that we 
 had won in all the warre tyme on the fronters of Flauders. And, my lordes, besyde 
 that, to pourge me of all blame, if there be any persone in Englande or without, knight 
 or Esquyer, except the persons of my lordes the dukes of Lacastre, yorke, and Glo- 
 cester, that wyll saye and abyde therby that I haue done any vntrouthe to the kynge my 
 naturall lorde, or accuse me of any trayson, I am here redye to receyue his gauge, and 
 to putte my body in aduenture, by dedes of armes to proue the cotrarye, as the Judge 
 therto assigned, shall ordayne. These wordes and suche other, and the valyauntnesse 
 of the knighte excused hym greatlye, and saued hym frome the parell of dethe ; and 
 afterwarde he retourned agayne into his fourmer estate, and was after that a ryght valy- 
 aunt knyght, and auaunsed into the kynges Counsayle : but as at that tyme sir Symon 
 Burle^ was nat delyuered out of prisone, for the kynges vncles hated hym gretlye, and 
 soo dyde all the commontie of Englande. The kynge dyde all that he myght to haue 
 hadde hym delyuered all the seasone that he laye at Shene, but his counsayle said it 
 myght nat be, for his rekenynges were nat clere. Than the kynge departed, and y duke 
 of helande in his company, and rode towardes Bristowe, and the Quene, with other 
 ladyes and damoselles with her. 
 
 ; Burley. 
 
 Howe 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 281 
 
 Howe the kynge of Englande departed from London, and howe syr Symon Burle* 
 was hekeded al Lodoii, and his uephue also; and hoiye the duke of Lancaster jyas 
 dyspleased. 
 
 CAP. XCIIII." 
 
 FOR all that the Kynge departed from the marchesse of London, yet the kynges 
 vncles nor their counsayle departed nat, but taried styll about London. Ye haue 
 herde often tymes sayde, that if the heed be sicke, all the membres can nat be well; the 
 malady must first be pourged. I saye it, bicause this duke of Irelande was so great with 
 the kyng, that he ruled hym as he lyste. He and sir syraon Burle" were two of the 
 princypall cousaylours that the kynge had, for they hadde a longe season gouerned the 
 kynge and the realme : and they were had in suspecte that they hadde gadered richesse 
 without nombre ; and the renoume ranne in dyuers places that the duke of Irelande and 
 sir Symon Burle^ had a long season gathered toguyder money and sente it into Almayne,*^ 
 for it was come to the knowledge of the kynges vncles, and to the counsaylours of the 
 good cyties and townes of Englande that helde of their partie, howe they had sente out 
 of the castell of Doner by see in the niglit tyme into Almayne" certayne coffers and 
 chestes full of money. They sayd it was lalsely and felonously done, to assemble the 
 rychesse of the realme, and to sende it into other straiige coutreys, wherby the realme 
 was greatly impouerysshed ; and y people were soroufull and sayde, that golde and 
 syluer was so dere to gette, that all marchandyse were as deed and loste, and they 
 coulde nat ymagin how it was but by this meanes. 
 
 These wordes multiplied in suche wise, that it was ordayned by y kynges vncles. 
 and by the counsayles of the good townes that were annexed vnto them, that sir Symon 
 Burle" had deserued punisshraent of dethe ; and also the archbysshoppe of Caunterbury 
 sayd, that in the season whan the freche kyng shulde haue come with his armye into 
 Englande, this sir Symon Burle' gaue counsayle that the shrine of saynt Thomas of 
 Cauterbury shulde haue ben taken downe and brought into Doner castell ; and the 
 noyse was, that he wolde haue had it so, to thentent that if he had ben in any dager, to 
 haue taken and stoUen it, and conueyed it out of Englad. These maters were so layde 
 to his charge, y none excuse coulde be herde ; but on a daye he was brought out of the 
 towre, and beheeded lyke a traytour. God haue mercy on his soule. To write of his 
 shamefuU dethe ryght sore displeaseth me ; howebeit, I must nedes do it, to folowe the 
 hystorie. Greatly I complayne his dethe ; for whaiie I was yonge I founde hym a gen- 
 tyll knyght, sage and wyse : but by this enfortune he dyed. 
 
 His nephewe and heyre, sir Richarde Burle,^ was with the duke of Lancastre in Ga- 
 lyce the same season that this case fell in Englande, and one of ^ most renoumed in all 
 his boost nexte the Constable, for he was as"* souerayne Marshall of all the boost, and 
 was chiefe of cousayle with the duke. Ye may well beleue that whan he knewe of the 
 dethe of his vncle, he was sore displeased; and also this getyll knight, sir Richarde 
 Burle,^ dyed in the same iourney on his bedde, by reason of sicknesse, as many other 
 dyde, as ye shall here after, at place and tyme conuenyent. Whan kynge Rycharde 
 
 Vol. II. 2 O knewe 
 
 * Burky. '' This chapter ought to be numbered XC. "^ Germany. .^ " A la fois :" once. 
 
 ' Bramber. ' Tresiilian. 
 
282 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 knewe of the dethe of this knyght, as he was in the marchesse of Wales, he was sore 
 dyspleased, and sware howe the matter shulde nat passe, sithe they had so put to dethe , 
 his knyght, without good reason or tytell of right. The queue also was sorie, and 
 wepte for his dethe, bycause he fetched her oute of Almaygne/ Suche as were of the 
 kynges cousayle douted greatly, as the duke of Iielande, sir Nicholas Brable,'' sir Tho- 
 mas Tryuilyen," sir Johri Beauchampe, sir Johan Salisbury, and sir Michaell de la Poule: 
 also the kynges vncles had put out of offyce the archebysshoppe of yorke, named VVyl- 
 Jiam Neuell, brother germayne to the lorde Neuell of Northuberlande, whiche byshoppe 
 had longe ben treasourer of all Englande ; and the duke of Gloucestre had charged hym 
 to medell no more with the busynesse of the realme, on payne of his lyfe, but that he 
 shulde go to yorke or therabout, wher it pleased hym in his benifyce, and dwell ther and 
 med>.l no further ; and also it was shewed hym howe the honoure of his lynage and in 
 that he was a preest, excused hym of many great maters sore preiudiciall to his honour: 
 and also it was shewed hym, that the moost parte of the counsayle of the comontie 
 wolde haue had him disgrated and putte to dethe, in lyke maner as sir Symon Burle** 
 was. 
 
 So he departed fro London, and wente into the Northe to dwell on his benifyce : with 
 this he and all his lynage were sore dyspleased, and thought surely that the erle of 
 Northombrelande had brought that mater to passe, for all that he was of his lygnage, 
 and were neyghbours. Into his rome was chosen a right valyant, a wyse, and a sage 
 clerke, y archebysshop of Caunterbury, who was gretely in the fauour of the kynges 
 vncles. He was come of the Mountague and Salysburies, and was vncle to the erle of 
 Salysbury, There was made of the kynges counsayle, by the aduyse of all the comons, 
 therle of Salysbury, the erle Rycharde of Arundell, the erle of Northumberlande, the 
 erle of Deuonshyre, the erle of Notyngham, y bysshop of Norwyche, called syr Henry 
 Spenser : the bysshop of Wynchestre, chauncellour of Englande, abode styll in his 
 offyce, and was with the kynges vncles. The most renomed man in y counsayle nexte 
 y duke of Glocestre was syr Thomas Mountague, archbisshop of Caiiterbury ; and well 
 he was worthy, for he was a dyscrete prelate, and toke grete payne to reforme the 
 royalme and to brynge it into the ryght waye, and that the kynge shulde put from hym 
 the marmosettes that troubled all the royalme. Often tymes he would speke with the 
 duke of yorke in y matter, and the duke wolde saye to hym syr bysshop, I trust the mat- 
 ters shall otherwyse fall lytell and lytell, then the kynge my nephewe, and y duke of 
 Irelade thinketh: but it must be done accordynge to reason ; and to abyde the tyme to be 
 to hasty is no good meane, for surely yf we hadde nat perceyued them betymes, they 
 wolde haue brought the kynge and the royalme in suche case, that it shulde haue ben at 
 the poynte of lesynge. The Frensshe kynge and his counsayle knewe ryght Avell our 
 dealyng, and what case we were in, and that caused y frensshemen to auaunce them- 
 selfe to haue come hyder so puyssauntly as they wolde haue done, to haue dys- 
 troyed vs. 
 
 Germany. " Bramber. ' Tresillian. * Burley. 
 
 Howe 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 283 
 
 Hoyye the counsai/le drewe togyder for the reformacyon oj the kynge and of the realnie, 
 and liojve by the counsayle of ike duke of Irelande the kynge was of the accorde 
 too make iparre agaynst his vncles, and agaynst the cylees and townes. 
 
 CAP. XCV.^ 
 
 IN lyke maner as tlie kinges vncles, and y newe counsayle of Englande, beynge at 
 London, deiiysed of the busynesse of Engiade to refonne it, and to biing it into good 
 estate, so on the other syde the duke of Irelande and his counsayle ymagined nyght 
 and daye howe they inyght contynue in their estates, and to condT^pne the kynges vncles, 
 as ye shall here alter. Whanne kyng Richarde was come to Bristowe, and the queue 
 with hyin, they kepte themselle in the Castell there, and men that were farre of beleued 
 that 5 kyng laye there for fauour of the duke of Irelande, who said that he wolde go into 
 Irelande, and it was sayd, that the kyng wolde se hym dispatched: it was agreed by 
 the generall cousaile that if he wolde go into Irelande, he shulde haue at the coste of 
 the realme fyue hudred men of armes, and fyftene hundred archers, and that he shulde 
 abide there thre yere, and to be well and trewly payde ; howebeit, the duke had no 
 great wyll to make that vyage, for he sawe well the kyng was yonge, and as than he 
 myglit rule as he lyst : therfore he feared if he shulde go farre of, that the loue and the 
 fauour that he was in with the kynge shulde asswage: also besyde that, he was in suche 
 loue with one of the queues damoselles, called Lancegrone,'' y in no wyse he coude 
 leaue the syght of her ; she was a fayre and a pleasaunt damosell, and was come with y 
 queue out of the realme of Beame:'^ this duke loued her so entierlye that he wolde 
 gladly be deuorsed fro his owne wife, who was doughter to the lorde of Coucy, and 
 dyde sende for that entente to Rome to pope Urbayne : all the good people of the 
 realme had marueyle therof, and dispreysed hym greatly, for that the good lady was 
 doughter to the doughter of good kyng Edwarde, and of y good queue Philyppe. The 
 duke of Yorke, and the duke of Gloucestre, toke that dede in great dispyte, but for all 
 their hate the duke of Irelande set iytell therby : for he was so blynded with louynge of 
 this damosell, that he promysed to be deuorsed and to mary her; he douted nat the 
 popes graunt, so that he myght gette the kynges and the queues good wyll, for he re- 
 puted his wyfe that he had Aeche, and brought vp in Fraunce, and so was her father y 
 lorde of Coucy, and he had made warre agaynst pope Urbayne in the tytell of pope 
 Clemet, wherfore pope Urbayne loued nat y blode : therfore he sayde the pope wolde 
 enclyne the lyghtlyer to his deuorse ; this mater the duke dyde putte forthe, and pro- 
 mysed to Lacegrone'' to mary her. This duke had a mother, a wydowe, called the 
 olde countesse of Oxenforde ; she agreed nat to the opynion of her sonne, but blamed 
 hym greatly of his folye, and sayde, howe god wolde be sore displeased with hym, and 
 payehym one day for all, and thane it wolde be to late to repente ; and she toke the 
 duchesse to her, and kept her styll in her estate, and suche as ought the ladye any good 
 wyll gaue her great thankes therfore. 
 
 Thus I haue shewed you parte of the busynesse of Englande that fell in this season, 
 and yet I shalle procede further, as I was enfourmed: ye haue herde howe the duke oi 
 Irelande was abouie the kynge in the marches of Wales, and nyght and daye ymagyned 
 on none other thynge but howe he myght bringe about his entent, and so serued the 
 
 2. O 2 Icynge 
 
 ' This chapter ought to be numbered XCI. » The Landgravine, ' Bohemia. 
 
284 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 kynge and the quene with fayre wordes to please theym, and caused all other knyghtes 
 and squyers there about to come to Bristowe to se the kyng and f quene, and made 
 them great sporte in huntyng: the kynge suffred hym to do what he lyste. The same 
 season that the kynge laye at Bristowe on the ryuer of Syuerne, in the marches of 
 Wales, the duke of Irelande tooke great payne to ryde in and out, and specially into 
 Wales, and sayd to suche as wolde here hym, gentylmen or other, hovve the kynges 
 vncles, to haue the soueraygntie of the realme, liadde dismyssed out of the kynges cou- 
 sayle, noble, valyaunt, and sage personnages, as the archebysshoppe of Yorke, the 
 bysshoppe of Dyrhame, the bysshoppe of London, sir Mychaell de la Poule, sir Ni- 
 cholas Bramble," sir Johan Salisbury, sir Robert Tryuilyen,^ sir Johan Beauchampe, 
 and hymselfe, and hadde putte to dethe a valyaunt knyght sir Symon Burle,'^ so that 
 and they multiplye in their estate they wyll distroye all Englande : this duke of Ire- 
 lande dyde so moche, and preached so to the people, and to the knyghles and squyers 
 of Wales, and of the countreis there aboute, that the moost parte beleued hym : and 
 on a daye they came in generall to the kynge to Bristowe, and demaiaded of hym if 
 that it were his pleasure, as the duke of Irelande hadde shewed theym? The kynge 
 aunswered and sayd, yea truely, and prayed and commaunded them, as they loued 
 liym, to beleue hym, and sayd he wolde auowe all that he shulde do, afTyrmyng how 
 he thought his vncles were to hygh mynded, so that he feared leste they wolde sur- 
 mounte hym, and take awaye his realme from hym : and they of the marches of Wales 
 ahvayes loued the prince of Wales, father to y kyng, for by y tidynges they herde out 
 of the marches of London, they thought lustely that the kyng and the duke of Irelande 
 had good cause, and so demaunded of the kynge what his pleasure was to do? The 
 kynge aunswered and sayd, howe he wolde gladly that the lodoners that hadde done 
 hym so great trespasses, that they were corrected and brought to reason, and his vncles 
 in lykewise. They of Wales sayd, they were bounde to obey their kyng, nor they 
 ought no fayth nor homage to no man but to hym, for he w^as their kynge and soue- 
 raygne lorde : wherfore they sayde they were redy to go whyder soeuer the kyng dyd 
 commaunde them : the kynge was well cotente with that aunswere, and in lykewise so 
 was the duke of Irelande. Whan the Duke sawe that the kyng wolde shewe that the 
 busynesse was parteynynge to hymselfe, and that he hadde so good desyre to distroye 
 his aduersaries, and to bringe theym to reason, he hadde therof great ioye, and sayde 
 to the of his counsayle, we can nat do better than to retourne to London, and shewe our 
 puissaunce, and so to do, outlier by fayre wordes or otherwyse, to bring the Lodoners 
 to their accorde, and to be obeysaunt to the kynges commaundement ; alwayes they en- 
 fourmed tlie kynge howe that it was a great losse to a realme whan there be many heedes 
 and chefe gouernours, and howe there coude no good come therby ; and the kynge 
 atfyrmed j same, and sayde, howe he wolde no lenger sufFre it, but that he wolde fynde 
 suche remedy that other Realmes shulde take ensample by his realme. 
 
 Nowe sirs, I reporte me if 1 haue nat good cause to saye y the realme of Englande in 
 this season was in great paryll and aduenture to haue ben lost without recouery: for the 
 kynge was moued agaynst his vncles, and agaynst a great parte of all y great lordes of 
 the realme, and they agaynst hym ; and the cytes and good townes one against another; 
 and the prelates hadde great indignacyon one agaynst another, so that none coude re- 
 medy it, but al onely god. Whan the duke of Irelande sawe that he had the agrement 
 of the kyng, and of the moost parte of the of the coiitrey of Wales, than he came to 
 the kyng, and suyd, sir, if ye wyll instytute and make me your lieutenaunt, I shall take 
 a .\ii. or a fyftene tliousade men with me, and go to the niarcliesse of London, or to 
 Oxenforde, your cyte and myne, and there we wyll shewe our puyssaunce agaynst these 
 
 Londonersj 
 
 ; ' Bramber. '' Tresillian. ^ Builey. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 2H5 
 
 Londoners, and your vncles, wlio haue so great indignacyon agaynst you : they haue 
 putte to dethe some of your counsayle; and sir, oulher by fayte wordes or olherwyse 
 we shall bringe them to reason. The kynge sayde he was content, Sayeiig, 1 wyll and 
 ordayne you to be the cheife souerayne of my Realme, and to reyse vp men wliere ye 
 can gele iheym, and leade them wheder ye thynke best, to augment our svgnoiie and 
 realme: and to the entent that euery man shall clerely se that the hoole Reahne par- 
 teyneth to mc, I wyll that ye beaie with you my banners and standerdes, and other 
 abylmetes of warre, suche as I wolde beaie myselle in batayle ; and 1 thynke that if the 
 people se my banners displayed, they shall take corage and hardynesse to susteyne my 
 quarell: and I wyll ye punysshe suche rebelles as wyll nat obey you, in suche wyse as 
 all other maye take ensample by them: 1 beleue all suche as shall se my baners waue 
 in the wynde, shall put themselfe vnder them, and shal be afrayde to disobey our 
 comaudement. These wordes greatly reioysed the duke of Irelande. 
 
 Howe the ki/ng of Englande made his somons to drawe towardes London ; and howe 
 sir Robert Tryuylyeri" was taken at Westminster and be/ieeded, by the commaunde- 
 ment of the kynges vncles. 
 
 CAP. XCVI."^ 
 
 THE kyng made his assemble in the countrey of Wales, and about the froters of 
 Bristowe, alonge the ryuer of Syuerne. Dyuers lordes and knightes were sende for: 
 some excused themselfe laufully, and some came at the kynges commaudement ; howe- 
 beit, they doubted leste great yuell shulde come of that enterprice. In this meane 
 season the kynge and the duke of Irelande had a secrete counsayle bytwene them, and 
 determyned to sede some of their men into the marchesse of London, to se and to knowe 
 howe the kynges vncles dyd,and what they purposed to do ; they studyed whome they 
 myght sende in that busynesse to knowe the trouthe. Than a knyght, cosyn to the 
 duke of Irelande, and of his cousayle, called sir Robert Tryuilyen," sayd, sir, ye make 
 doute whome to sende that is trusty to London: for the loue of you I shall take on me 
 to do that iourney : wherof the Duke thanked hym, and lykewise so dyde the kyng. 
 Therwith this sir Robert Tryuilyen"" departed from Bristowe, disguysed in maner of a 
 poore marchaunt, vpon a lytell Nagge, and so came to London, and tooke his lodgynge 
 where he was vnknowen, and so taryed there a certayne space and lerned what he coulde ; 
 at last he vnderstode that the kynges vncles, and the newe counsayle of Englande, 
 wolde kepe a secrete Parlyament at Westmynster, wherfore he thought to go and lye 
 there, to lerne what shulde be doone there ; and so he came and lodged at West- 
 mynster, the same daye that their counsaile began, and lodged in an alehouse, right 
 ouer agaynst the palys gate: and there he was in a chambre lokyng out at a wyndowe 
 downe into the courte, and there he myght se them that went in and out to the cousaile : 
 and he knewe nere hade euery man, but none knewe hym, bycause of his apparel : at 
 last on a day a squyer of the duke of Gloucesters knewe hym, for he had often tymes 
 ben in his copany ; and assone as sir Robert Triuylien'' sawe him, he knewe him well, 
 and withdrewe hymselfe out of y wyndowe. The squyer had suspecions therof, and 
 sayd to hymselfe. Me thynke I se yonder sir Robert Triuylen ;^ and to thentent to 
 knowe the trouthe, he entred into the lodgyng, and said to the wife. Dame, who is that 
 that is aboue in the chambre, is he alone, or with copany ? Sir, quod she, I can nat 
 
 shewe 
 
 ' Tresillian. ^ This chapter ought to be numbered XCH. 
 
286 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 shewe you: but he hath been here a longe space. Tlierwilh the squier went vp, the 
 belter to aduy^e hyni, and sahiled hym, and sawe well it was true, but he fayned l>ym- 
 selfe, and tonrned liis tale and sayde, God saue you i^ood man, I pray you be nat mys- 
 contented. for I loke you for a farmoiir of mvne in Essexe. .for ye are lyke hym. Sir, 
 quod lie. 1 am of Kente, and a farmour of sir Johan of Hollandes : and there be men of 
 the bvssliop of Cauterburyes that wolde do me wrong, and I am come hyther to com- 
 playne to the coiTisayle. Well, quod the squier, if ye come into y palys I wyil helpe 
 to make your wave, that ye shall speke with the lordes of the counsayle. Sir, 1 thanke 
 you, quod he, and I shall nat refuce your ayde. 
 
 Than the squyer called for a potte of ale and dranke with him, and payed for it, and 
 badde hym farwell and departed, and neuer seased tvU he came to the cousayle cham- 
 bre dore, and called the vssher to open the dore. Than the vssher demauded what he 
 wolde, bycause the lordes were in counsayle ? He answered and sayd, I wolde speke 
 with my lorde and mayster the duke of Gloucester, for a mater that ryji^ht nere toucheth 
 hym and all the counsayle. Thanne the vssher let hym in, and wh:in he came before 
 his mayster, he sayde. Sir, I haue brought you great tidynj^es. What be they, quod 
 the duke ? Sir, quod the squyer, I wyll speke aloude, for it toucheth you and all my 
 lordes here present ; 1 haue sene sir Robert Triuylyen' disguysed in a vyllayns habytte, 
 in an alehouse here without the gate. Triuylien?' quod the duke : Yea truely sir, 
 quod the squier : ye shall haue hym or ye go to dyner, if you please. I am contente, 
 quod the duke, and he shall shewe vs some newes of his mayster, the duke of Irelande ; 
 ^o thy wave and fetche hym, but loke that thou be stronge ynoughe so to do, that thou 
 fayle nat. The squier went forthe and toke foure sergiauntes with hym, and sayd. Sirs, 
 folowe me a farre of, and as soone as I make to you a sygne, and that I laye my hande 
 on a man that I go for, take hym and lette hym nat escape : therwith the squyer entredde 
 into the house where Tryuvlien' was, and went vp into the chambre, and as soone as he 
 sawe hym he sayd, Triuylien,'' ye are nat come into this countre for no goodnesse ; my 
 lorde the duke of Gloucester comaudeth that ye come and speke with hym. The 
 tnyght wolde haue excused hymselfe, and sayde, I am nat Triuylien,^ I am a fermour 
 of sir Johan of Hollandes. Nay, naye, quod the squyer, your body is Triuylien,' but 
 your habytte is nat ; and therwith he made token to the sergiauntes that they shulde 
 take him : than they went vp into the chambre and toke hym, and so brought hym to 
 the palays. Ye may be sure there was great prease to se hym, for he was well knowen. 
 Of his takvng, the duke of Gloucestre was ryght ioyefuU, andAVolde se hym ; and whan 
 he was in his presens the duke sayd, Triuylien,' what thinge make you here in this 
 countre, where is the kyng, where lefte you hym ? Triuylien," wha he saw that he 
 was so well knowen, and that none excusacion coude aueyle hym, sayd, sir, the kynge 
 sente me hyther to lerne lidynges. and he is at Bristowe, and hunteth along the ryuer 
 of Syuerne. W hat, quod the duke, ye are nat coe lyke a wyse man, but raiher lyke a 
 spye : yf ye wolde haue come to haue lerned tidynges, ye shulde haue come in the state 
 of a knvght. Sir, quod Triuylien," if I haue trespassed, I axe pardone, for I was 
 caused this to do. Well sir, quod the duke, and where is your mayster the duke of 
 Irelande ? Sir, quod he, of a trouth he is with the kyng. It is shewed vs here, quod 
 the duke, that he assembleth moche people, and the kynge for hym, wheder wyll he 
 lede that people ? Sir, quod he, it is to go into Ireland. Into Irelande ? quod the duke 
 of Gloucester : yea sir, truely, quod Triuylien." And than the duke studyed a lytell, 
 and sayde. A, Triuylen, Triuylien,"" your busynesse is nouther fayre nor good : ye haue 
 done great folly to come into this countre, for ye are nat beloued here, and that shall 
 well be sene ; you and suche other of your afifinyte haue done great displeasures to my 
 
 brother 
 
 ' Tresillian. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 287 
 
 brother and to me, and ye haue troubled to your power and Avith youre yuell counsayle 
 tlie kyng, and dyuers other nobles of y realme ; also ye haue moued certayne good 
 townes as^ynst vs ; nowe is the daye come that ye shall haiie your payment, for he that 
 dothe well, by renson shulde fynde it ; thynke on your busynesse, for I wyll nother eate 
 nor driuke tvll ye be deed. That worde 2;reatlye abasshed Tiiuylen," for glad! ye there 
 is no man wolde here of his ende ; he wolde fayne haue excused hymselfe with fayre 
 lansTuage, in lowly humblynsr hymself, for he coude do nothyng to apease the duke, 
 for*he%vas so enfourmed of hym, and of other of the duke of Irelandes secte, that 
 nothyng aueyled hym. Where to shulde I make lengar the mater : sir Robert 
 Triuyliln" was delyuered to the hangman, and so ledde out of Westmynster, and there 
 beheeded, and after haged on a gibet. Thus ended sir Robert Triuylien.^ 
 
 Horn tidijnges came io the kyng of the dethe of his knight, and dcmarided counsayle 
 theron. And howe he ordaj/ned the duke of Irelande soiieraygne of all his men of 
 warre. 
 
 CAP. XCVII." 
 
 SHORTELY these tidynges came to kynge Richarde, and to the duke of Irelande, 
 beyng at Bristowe, howe sir Roberte Tryuylyen" was shamefully putte to dethe: the 
 kyng toke that mater in great dispite, and sayd and sware, that the mater shulde nat rest 
 in that case, and howe that his vncles had done yuell without tytle or reason, to put to 
 dethe his men and knyghtes, and suche as had truely serued hym, and his father the 
 prince, wherby he sayde, it semed that they wolde take fro hym the crown of Englande, 
 and that y mater touched hym nere. Than the archbysshoppe of Yorke, who was so- 
 uerayne of his counsaile, and had ben longe, said, Sir, ye demaunde cousayle, and I 
 shall gyue you counsayle : your vncles, and suche as ben of their accorde, erreth greatly 
 agaynst you, for it semeth by the they wolde sliewe howe ye be cousailed but by tray- 
 tors ; they wolde haue none to beare any rule but themselfe : it is great parell for all y 
 realme, for if the conions shulde ryse and rebell, gret myschefe shulde fall in Englande, 
 if the lordes and great men be nat frendes toguyder and all one: wherfore sir, I coun- 
 sayle you fynde remedy with puissance : ye are as now here in a countrey well peopled 
 and named ; sende out your comaundement to all suche as are boude to serue you, gen- 
 tylmen and other ; and whan they be all assembled, sende them into the marchesse of 
 London, and make your generall capitayne the duke of Irelade, who gladly wyll take 
 on hym y charge, and let no baner nor penon be borne but all onely yours, to shewe 
 therby that the matter toucheth no man but you : and all the countrey in goyng thyder 
 wyll tourne and take parte w you, and drawe to your baners, and parauenture the Lon- 
 doners wyll take your parte, for they hate you nat, for ye dyde them neuer displeasure: 
 all the hurte ye haue had your vncles haue caused it; Sir, here is sir Nicholas Bram- 
 ble," who iiaih ben mayre of Lodon, and"ye made hym knyght, for suche seruyce as he 
 dyde you on a daye, who knoweth and ought to knowe the maner of them of Lodon, for 
 he was borne ther, and it can nat be but y he hath good fredes there ; therfore sir, de- 
 sire his cousail in this mater y toucheth you so nere ; for sir, by yuell enformacyon and 
 rumoure of the people, ye maye lese your signorye. Than the kynge spake to sir Ni- 
 cholas 
 
 f Tresillian. '' This chapter ought to be numbered XCIII. ' JBra:nber. 
 
28$ THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 cholas Bramble,* and reqiiyred hym to speke; and at the kynges request sir Nycholas 
 sayd, Sir, and il lyke voiir grace, and all my lordes here present, I shall speke gladly 
 afier the lytell knowledge thai I haue : Fyrst, I saye I can nat beleue bat that the moost 
 parte ol' the londoners oweth loue and lauour to the kyng that here is, for perfiiely they 
 loued the prince Ins father, and that ihey well shewed whan the villayns rebelled, for 
 accordyng to y troullie if they hadde taken parte with the viilayns, they had distroyed 
 the kyng and the realme ; and moreouer, the kynges vncles haue as nowe a good tyme, 
 for they disport themselfe among them, and enforme the people as they lyste, for there 
 is none to saye agaynst them ; they haue put me out and all the kynges offycers, and 
 haue put in them of their affynite, and haue sente the kynge hyder to one of the borders 
 of his realme ; there can no good be ymagined of this, nor it can nat be knowen perfitely 
 what they entende: it is a herde mater, but by that they shewe they wolde putle the 
 kyng out of his realme, for they go all by puyssuunce, and the kynge dothe all by gen- 
 tylnesse ; they haue put to dethe that gentyll knyght sir Symon Burle,'' who hath doone 
 the kyno- moche fayre seruyce in the realme of Englade and in other places: they layde 
 great falsenesse in hym that he shulde haue delyuered the castell of Doner to the frenche- 
 men, and they enformed the people that he caused the frenchmen to come into Flaii- 
 ders, and to Sluse, whiche was nothyng so ; and also in the dispyte of the kyng they 
 haue shafuUy slayne sir Robert Triuylien,"" and so they wyll do other, if they maye 
 atteygne to their ententes, wherfore I saye that it were better for the kyng to vse rygour 
 and puyssaiice than gentylnesse ; euery man knoweth thorough the realme that he is 
 kyng, and howe thar at Westmynster y noble kyng Edwarde made euery man to be 
 sworne, bothe lordes, prelates, and all the good townes, that after his dyscease they 
 shulde take the kynge here for their soueraygne lorde, and the same othe made his thre 
 vncles: and it semeth to many as men dare speke, that they holde him nat in the state 
 and fourme of a kynge, for he may nat do with his owne what he lyst ; they driue hym 
 to his pensyon, and the queue also, whiche is a herde tliyng for a kyng and a queue ; 
 it shulde seme they wolde shewe that they had no wytte to rule themselfe, and that their 
 cousaylours be traytours; 1 saye these ihynges are nat to be suffred ; as for me I hadde 
 rather dye, than longe to lyue in this danger or peryll, or to se the kynge to be ledde as 
 his vncles wolde haue hym. The kynge thanne sayd, surely it pleaseth nat vs, and I 
 .saye, ye haue counsayled me as honourably as maye be, for the honour of vs and our 
 Realme. 
 
 At this counsayle at Bristowe it was ordayned th.'it the duke of Irelande shulde be 
 soueraygne of all the kynges men of warre, suche as he coude get, and to go to Lodon, to 
 knowe the perfyte ententes of the londoners, trustynge that if he myght ones speke with 
 them, to tourne them to his acorde by reason of suche proffes as he wolde make them in 
 the kynges name ; and so within a shorte space after, the duke of Irelande with a fyf- 
 tene thousand men, departed fro Bristowe, and rode to the cytie of Oxenforde, and 
 there aboute he I ,dged and all his people, and had baners displayed of the kynges 
 armes, and none other, to shewe that all he dyde was in the kynges tytell and qu.arell. 
 Tydinges came to the kynges vncles, that the duke of Irelande aproched towardes 
 Lodon, with a xv. thousande men, with the kynges baners displiyed ; and on a dave all 
 the lordes were at counsayle at Westmynster, and had with the the cliefe of Lodon, 
 suche as they trusted best, and there they shewed them how the duke of Iielade was 
 comyng agaynst them with an armye royall : the londoners who were enclyned to their 
 partie sayde, sirs, let the come in the name of god ; yf the duke of Irelande demaude of 
 vs batayle, he shall haue it incotynent, we will close no gate we haue for xv.M. men : 
 
 nat 
 
 ' Brambtr. " Burley. ' TresiUian. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 289 
 
 nat and they were xx. The dukes were right ioyfull with that ansvvere, and incotynent 
 they sent out knyghtes, squyers, and messangers, to assemble men of warre togyder 
 fro dyuers parties, and suche as were sent for obeyed, for so they had swornc and pro- 
 mysed before. Men came fro y bysshoprike of Cauterbury, and Norwiche, and out of 
 the coLities of Arundell and Sussex, and of Salisbury, and Southampton, and out of all 
 the count reis therabout London, and so great nombre of people came to Lodon, and 
 knewe nat what they shulde do. 
 
 Howe the duke of Irelande senle thre knyghtes to London, to knowe some tydynges. 
 And howe the kynges vncles, and they of London, went into the feldes to fyght 
 with the duke of Irelande and his affinyte. 
 
 CAP. XCVIIL' 
 
 NOWE let vs sowhat speke of the duke of Irlande, and of his cousell, being at Ox- 
 ford, with a XV. M. men ; howbeit, the most parte of them were come thyder by con- 
 straynt, rather than of good corane : than y duke of Irlande aduised to knowe thentetes 
 of the of Lodon, and to sende sir Nicholas Brable," sir Peter Golofer, and sir Michaell 
 de la Pole, to the towre of London, and to go thyder by water, and to set the kynges 
 baners in the hyght of the towre, to se what the londoners wolde do. These thre 
 knyghtes, at y duke of Irlandes request, departed fro Oxeforde, and the next day they 
 passed the Temes, at the bridge of Stanes, and rode to dyner to Shene, y kynges place, 
 and there taryed tyll it was late, and fro thens rode to another house of the kynges, cal- 
 led Kenyngton,"' and there they lefte their horses, and toke botes, and went downe the 
 water with y tyde, and passed Lodon bridge, and so came to the towre, and was nat 
 knowen, for no man was ware of theyr comynge : and there they foude redy the capi- 
 tayne of y towre, whom the kynge had sette there before, and by hym these knyghtes 
 knewe moche of the dealyng of them of Lodon, and of the kynges vncjes ; and the ca- 
 pitayne shewed them howe they were come thyder to lodge in great danger. Why so, 
 quod they, we be the kynges seruaiites, and we may well lodge in his house ? Nat so, 
 quod the capitayne, all this cytie and thecounsaile wolde gladly be vnder the obeysauce 
 of the kyng, so that he wolde be ruled by his vncles, and by none other : and this that I 
 shewe you is of good wyll, for I am boude to shew you, and to cousaile you to the best 
 of my power, but I am in dout to morowe whan day cometh, and that it be knowen in 
 London that seruauntes of the kynges be come hyther, ye shall se this towre besieged 
 bothe by lande and water, by the londoners, and nat to departe hens tyll they se and 
 knowe who is lodged within it ; and if ye be founde here, ye shal be incontynent pre- 
 sented to the kynges vncles, and than ye may well ymagin what ende ye shall come to ; 
 I thynke they be so sore displeased agaynst the kynges cousayle, and agaynst the duke 
 of Irelade, that and ye be taken, ye shall nat escape with your lyues: study well vpon 
 these wordes, for I assure you they be true. 
 
 Than these thre knightes who had wende to haue done marueyls, were sore abasshed, 
 and there determyned to tary all night as secrete as they coude, for feare of spyeng; 
 and the capitayne promysed to kepe them sure for that nyght, and so kept the keyes 
 with hym ; and in the mornynge these knyghtes had dyuers ymaginacions and coun- 
 
 VOL. n. 2 P sayles, 
 
 ' This chapter ought to be numbered XCIV. " Bramber. ' Quere, Kensington ? 
 
290 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 sayles, to se howe they shulde deale ; and all thynges cosydred, they durst nat abyde 
 the aduenture to be knowen there, they feared greatly to be there beseged ; and or day 
 came whan the fludde was come they tooke a barge and passed the bridge, and went to 
 Kenyn<Tton ; and whan it was daye they toke their horses and rode to Wyndsore, and 
 there taryed all that nyght, and the nexte day they rode to Oxeforde, and there founde 
 the duke of Irlande and his men, to whom they shewed all these tidynges, and howe 
 they durst nat tary at the towre of Lodon. The duke was pensyfe of those tidynges, 
 and wyst nat what to say nor do, for he knewe well all the people y he had assembled 
 there, were nat all of one corage, wherfore he wyst nat wheder it were better to retourne 
 to y kyng, or to abide there ; he toke counsayle with his knyghtes, and fynally their 
 cousayle rested, that sythe y kyng had ordayned hyni to be Constable ouer all his peo- 
 ple, and to correcte and to punysshe all rebelles, that he shulde kepe the felde : for if 
 he shulde do otherwyse, it shulde be to his great blame and rebuke, and to bring him 
 into the indignacion of the kyng, and to shewe that his quarell were nother good nor 
 right ; and also they said, that it was better for him to dye with honour and to abyde 
 the aduenture, than to shewe any false corage ; but they counsayled hym to sende worde 
 •what case he was in to the kyng to Bristowe ; as yet they sayd, blessed be god they kepte 
 the feldes, and none to recoutre them. So thus y duke sent to the kyng, desyring hym 
 to sende hym more ayde, whiche the kynge dyde daylye. 
 
 Tidynges came to the kynges vncles, being at Lodon, that the duke of Irlande with 
 his company, were in the marchesse of Oxenforde : there they toke counsayle what was , 
 best for them to do. There was with the kynges vncles the archebysshop of Canterbury, 
 the erle of Arundell, the erle of Salysbury, the Erie of Northumberlande, and dyuers 
 other lordes and knyghtes of Englade, and the rulers of London ; there it was ordayned 
 by the duke of Gloucester, that without delay they shulde issue out into the feldes, and 
 that the mayre of London shulde putte into harnesse all the people in euery warde, 
 suche as wolde ayde them : Sayeng, surely howe they wolde go and fyght with the duke 
 of Irelande, whersoeuer they coude fynde hym ; the mayre of London was as than a 
 man of armes, he toke chosen men bytwene the age of twentie yeres and xl. and the 
 lordes were^ a thousande men of armes ; they departed fro London, and went and 
 lodged at Braynford, and there about, and the nexte daye at Colebroke, and dayly the 
 nombre encreased, and so toke the waye to Redyng, to passe the Temes there aboute, 
 for the bridges bytwene Wyndsore and Stanes were broken, by the comaundementof the 
 duke of Irelande; so long they iourneyed that they aproched nere to Oxenforde. Ti- 
 dynges therof anone came to the duke of Irelande, than he beganne to dout and toke 
 counsayle ; than he was cousayled to take the feldes, and to put his people in order of 
 batayle, and to display y kynges baners, sayeng, by the grace of god and saynt George, 
 the iourney shulde be his ; as it was deuysed so it was done. Than they sowned their 
 trumpettes, and euery man armed hym and issued out of Oxenforde in order of 
 batayle, with the kynges baners displayed ; the day was fayre and clere, and a pleasaunt 
 season. 
 
 ' " Had above." 
 
 Hoti> 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSARl. 291 
 
 How the kynges vncles wan the iournei/ agapist the duke of Irelade, and howe he 
 Jledde, a7id dyiiers other of his company. 
 
 CAP. XCIX.' 
 
 TIDINGES came to the duke of Gloucester, beyng within thre leao;es of Oxenforde, 
 by a lyuer syde, whiche falleth into the Temes, a lytell besyde Oxenlorde, howe that 
 the duke of Irelaiide was drawen into the feldes in order of batayle, wherof the duke 
 of Gloucester had great ioye, and sayde, howe he wolde fyght widi hym if he niyght 
 passe the ryuer ; than trumpettes sowned y dislodging, and ordered themselfe redy to 
 fyght ; they were within two leages of their ennemyes, and sertched to passe the ryuer, 
 and sente oute people to sertche the depnesse of the water, and they foude the ryuer in 
 suche a poynt, that in xxx. yeres before it was nat so base ; and so y scurers passed at 
 their ease, and rode and aduysed the maner of their ennemyes, and than retourned to 
 the duke of Gloucester, and sayd, Sir, god and the ryuer is this daye on your parte, 
 for the ryuer is so lowe that it is nat to the horse bely ; and sir, we haue sene the maner 
 of the duke of Irelade, they be redy raynged in the felde in good maner; we can nat 
 saye if the kyng be there or no, but the kynges baners be there with the armes of Eng- 
 lande and of Fraunce, and none other. Well, quod the duke, a goddes name so be it, 
 of that armes I and my brother haue parte ; auauce forward in the name of god and saynt 
 George, let vs go se the nerer. Than euery man rode forthe with great courage, whan 
 they knewe they myght passe the ryuer at their ease, and so shortlye all their boost 
 passed the ryuer. 
 
 Tidynges came to the duke of Irelad howe the kynges vncles were passed the ryuer of 
 Temes, and how they shulde haue batayle brefely; than the duke of Irelande was 
 abasshed, for he knewe well if he were taken, y duke of Glocester wolde cause hym to 
 dye shamefully, and that nouther golde nor syluer shulde raunsome hym; than he 
 sayde to sir Peter Golofer, and to sir Mychaell Pole, sirs, surely my corage beareth 
 yuell agaynst this iourney, nor I dare nat abyde y bataile agaynst the kynges vncles, for 
 if they take me I shall dye shamefully. Howe the deuyll is it that they be passed the 
 ryuer of Temes? it is but a poore token for vs ; Why sir, quod the two knyghtes, 
 what wyll ye do ? I wyll saue myself, and you also, quod the duke, and the rest saue 
 them who can. Well sir, quod the knyghtes, than lette vs drawe ourselfe out a syde 
 on a wynge, and so we shall haue two strynges on our bowe : we shall se howe our men 
 do: if they do well, than we shall abyde for the honour of y kyng, who hath sent vs 
 hither, and if they be discofited we shall take y feldes, and take the aduauntage by 
 flyeng, and saue ourselfe where we may. This cousayle was holden good. Than the 
 duke and these two knyghtes rode along their batayle, and made good vysage, and 
 sayd, Sirs, kepe your batayls in good order, and by the grace of god and saynt George, 
 we shall haue this daye a fayre iourney, for the ryght is ours : it is the kynges quarell, 
 therfore we shall spede the better. Thus they rode vp and downe dissymulynge ; at 
 laste they gette themselfe out of the prease, and so came to one of the corners of the 
 batayle and made a wynge, and therwith there came on the duke of Yorke, and the 
 duke of Gloucestre, and other lordes, with their baners displayed, makyng great noyse 
 with trumpettes. And as soone as the duke of Irelandes company sawe them comynge 
 in so good order, and so fiersly, they were so abasshed that they helde none arraye, but 
 
 2 P 2 tourned 
 
 ' This chapter ought to be numbered XC V, 
 
292 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 tourned their backes and fledde, for y noyse ran hovve the duke of Irelande and his 
 cousayle were fledde and gone : and so than euery man fledde, some hyther and thyder, 
 they wyste nat vvhyder, without makynge of any defence; and the duke of Irelande and 
 the two knyghtes of his counsayle fledde biforce of their horses, and had no mynde 
 to returne to the towne of Oxenforde, but withdrewe thens as moche as they myght. 
 
 Whan y duke of Gloucester sawe the demeanour of his enemyes, and sawe howe they 
 fledde, he hadde remorse in his consciece, and wolde nat do y yuell he myght haue 
 done, for he knewe well that many of them that were there presente were there rather 
 by constraynt and by insytacion of the duke of Irelande than for any good loue ; ther- 
 fore he sayd to his men, Sirs, the iourney is ours ; I charge euery man, on payne of 
 dethe, that ye slee no man without he make defence ; and if ye gete any knightes or 
 squyers, bring them to me. His comaundement was done, so that there were but fewe 
 slayne, without it were in the prease, as they rode one ouer another. In y chase there 
 was taken lytell sir Johan Beauchampe" and sir Johan Salisbury, and they were pre- 
 sented to the duke of Glocester, who was right ioyous of them. Than the duke tooke 
 the waye to Oxenforde, and gaue leaue to all his men of warre to retourne to their owne 
 houses, and thanked them of the seruyce they had done to hym and to his brotlier, and 
 sayd to y mayre of London and his company, Sirs, departe you all home agayne ; wherof 
 they were all gladde. Thus departed that armye. 
 
 Howe the duke of Irelande and his comfmny fledde; and howe (he kynges vncles were 
 at Oxenforde; and howe sir JVycholas Brable^ was beheeded; and howe the kynge 
 was sent for by the bysshop of Caunlerbury. 
 
 CAP. C^ 
 
 NOWE shall I shewe what became of y duke of Irelande and of sir Peter Golofer 
 and sir Mich.iell de la Pole. As I shewed before, they saued theselfe,- as it was nede- 
 fuU for the, for if they hadde ben taken they had suffied dethe without mercy. I can 
 nat saye if they went to the kyng or nat ; if they dyde, they taried nat long, but de- 
 parted the realme of Englade assone as they coude, and, as I haue herde reported, they 
 rode through Wales,'^ and toke shyppyng at Carleon, and sayled into Scotlande, and 
 came to Edenborowe, and there they toke another shyppe and sayled, costyng Frise- 
 lande and the yle of Theseley'' and the coutre of HoUande, and so came and arryued at 
 the towne of Dondrest.' Than were they gladde, and, as I was enfourraed, the duke of 
 Irelade had long before coueyed by lobardes moche golde and syluer to Bruges, for 
 feare of all casueltes ; for though he was great with the kyng, yet always he douted y 
 kynges vncles and the comons of the realme ; wherfore he made prouisyun before hande, 
 oi money, to ayde hym whan nede were ; and, as it was shewed me, the threscore thou- 
 sande frankes that he had receyued for the redempcyon of the chyldren of Bretayne, 
 and specially for John of Bretayne, for Guy was deed, whiche money (as it was sayde) 
 he founde redy there at his comynge, and he shulde receyue more, in thre yere, other 
 threscore ihousande frankes; wherfore he was nat abasshed, for he had substance suffy- 
 cient for a longe space. And whan duke Aubert of Bauyer,' who had Haynalte, Ho- 
 land, and zelande in gouernaunce, vnder the erle Willyam his brother, who as than 
 was lyuynge, whan he vnderstode that the duke of Irelande was come, as a fugetyue 
 
 out 
 
 ' " Sir John Beauchamp called the little." '' Bramber. " This chapter ought to be 
 
 numbered XCVI. "" " Rode through Cumberland, and passed by Carlisle, and entered into 
 
 Scotland." = The Texel. ' Dordrecht. « Bavaria. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 593 
 
 out of Englande, into the towne of Dordrest," he studyed and imagyned a lytell, and 
 thought he shulde nat longe abyde there, seynge that he was flcdde out of Englande, and 
 had the yuell wyll of his cosyn germayns, to whome he bare his loue and fanour ; and 
 also he consydred howe the duke of Irehinde had dahe but yuell with his cosyn ger- 
 mayne, the lady Isabell of Englande, who had been lady of Coucy : wherfore he com- 
 maunded the duke of Irelande, bycause he hadde displeased liis cosyns of Englande, and 
 had broken his iaufuU mariage, and wolde mary another wyfe, that he shulde d^parte 
 out of that countrey, and getle hym another lodgynge, and that he shulde nat be suf- 
 fred to abyde in no towne of that countrey. Whan (he duke lierde that, he douted tliat 
 he shulde be taken, and delyucred into the handes of his eneniyes ; and he humyled 
 hymselfe greatly to them that were sente to hym, and saydc he wolde gladly obey the 
 duke Aubertes commaundement : and so payed and trussed, and enlred into a vessell 
 and all his, on the ryuer of Mornegue, and dyd so moche by water and by lande, that he 
 came to Berette,'' whiche towne pertayned to the bysshoppe of Trece ;"" there he was 
 Avell receyued, and there he taryed tyll he harde other tydinges. Nowe let vs leaue 
 spekyng of hym, and speke of Englande. 
 
 After the endynge of this iourney that the kynges vncles had agaynste the duke of 
 Irelade besyde Oxenforde, and that euery man was gone home, the bysshoppe of Caun- 
 terbury and the two dukeg taryed styll at Oxenforde, lean nat tell howe long; and 
 there was beheededde the lytell Beauchampe and sir Johan of Salisbury : after that 
 iustyce the two dukes retourned to Lodon, and there taryed a season to here some 
 tidynges fro the kynge ; and they conlde here none, but that he was at Bristowe. 
 Thanne the lordes at Westmynster, by the instigacion of the archebysshoppe of Caun- 
 terbury, determyned that it shulde be honourable for them to sende to the kynge to 
 Bristowe, and to shewe hym amyably that he hath ben a certayne space agaynst the 
 moost parte of his realme, who loued hym better, and are gladder to kepe his honour 
 than suche marmosettes as he hath beleued, by whom his realme hath ben in great trou- 
 ble and peryll. In this meane season was brought to Lodon sir Nycholas Bramble," who 
 was taken in Wales, as he fledde from the iourney to haue saued hymselfe ; of whose 
 takynge the kynges vncles were right ioyfull, and sayde, howe they wolde make no 
 stoore of hym, but he shulde go the same waye as the other hadde done before: he 
 coude neuer excuse hymselfe but that he must dye. He was beheeded without Lon- 
 don. His dethe was sore complayned of some men of London, for he hadde been 
 mayre of London before, and had well gouerned his olfyce, and dyde one day great 
 honour to the kyng, whan he slewe with his owne handes Lyster, wherby all the rebelles 
 were disconfyted, and for that good seruyce the kynge made hym knyght : but in the 
 maner (as 1 haue shewed you) he was beheeded, by reason of the ouermoche beleuynge 
 of the duke of Irelande. 
 
 After the dethe of sir Nicholas Bramble," the kynges vncles sawe that all suche as 
 they hated, and wolde haue oute of the kynges counsayle, were deed and fledde awaye. 
 Than they thought the kynge and the realme shulde be brought into good order ; for 
 thoughe they had slayne some of the kynges counsayle, and chased theym awaye, yet 
 the coude nat take awaye the signorie of the kyng, but thought to rule the realme in 
 good forme, to the honour of the kynge and his realme. Than they sayd to the bys- 
 shop of Cauterbury, Sir, ye shall go lyke yourselfe to Bristowe to the kyng, and there 
 shewe hym what case the busynesse of his realme is in, and recomaunde vs to hym, 
 and shewe hym in our behalfe that he gyue no credence of lyght enformacion agaynst 
 vs: he hath beleued some to moche for his owne honour and for the profyte of his 
 
 realme: 
 
 ° Dordrecht. '■ Utrecht. '■ Bramber. 
 
294 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 realme : and saye also to hym, that we requyre hym, and so do all the good people of 
 London, that he wolde come liyder ; he shal be welcome and receyued \v gret ioye ; 
 and we shall set suchc cousaile about hym, y he shal be well pleased; and we charge 
 you retourne nat agayne widioute hym, and desyre hym nat to be displeased, thoughe 
 we haue chased awaye a meny of traytours that were about hym, for by them his realme 
 was in great paryll of lesynge. The bysshop sayd he shulde do ryght well his message ; 
 and so departed and roode fortlie lyke a great prelate, and so came to Bristowe, and the 
 kynge was there, but with a priuye copany ; for suche as were wont to haue ben of his 
 counsayle were deed and fledde awaye, as ye haue herde before. The bysshop was in 
 the towne two nightes and a day or y kyng wolde speke with hym, he was so soore 
 dyspleased with his vncles for driuynge awaye of the duke of Irelande, whome he loued 
 aboue all men, and for sleeynge of his knyghtes: finally he was so entysed, that he 
 consented that the archbysshop shulde come into his presens. Whan he came before 
 hym, he humyled hymselfe greatlye to the kynge, and there shewed the kyng euery 
 worde as the kynges vncles had gyuen hym in charge, and shewed hym, that if it were 
 his pleasure to come to London to his palys of Westmynster, his vncles and the mooste 
 parte of all his realme wolde be ryght ioyeouse, elles they wyll be ryght sorie and yuell 
 displeased, and sayde ; syr, without the comforte, ayde, and accorde of your vncles, and 
 of your lordes, knyghtes, and prelates, and of your good cyties and townes of Englade, 
 ye canne nat come to any of youre ententes. He spake these wordes boldeiye, and 
 sayde moreouer, Sir, ye canne nat reioyse so moche youre ennemyes, as to make warre 
 with youre frendes, and to kepe your Realme in warre and myschiefe. The yonge 
 kynge, by reasone of the bysshoppes wordes, beganne to enclyne ; howebeit, the be- 
 heedynge of his knyghtes and counsaylours came sore into his courage; so he was in 
 dyucrs ymaginacions ; but finally he refrayned his displeasure, by the good meanes of 
 the queue, y lady of Boesme," and of some other wise knightes that were about hym, as 
 sir Rycharde Stener and other. Thanne the kyng sayd to the bysshoppe. Well, I am 
 content to go to Lodon with you ; wherof the bisshop was right ioyous, and also it was 
 to hym a great honoure that he hadde spedde his iourney so well. 
 
 Within a short space after, the kyng departed, and lefte the queue styll at Bristowe, 
 and so came towardes London with y archbysshoppe in his company, and so came to 
 Wyndsore, and there the kyng taryed a thre dayes. Tidynges came to London howe 
 the kynge was commynge ; euery manne was gladde. Than it was ordayned to mete 
 hym honourablye. The'daye that he departed" fro Wyndsore, the way fro Braynforde 
 to London was full of people, on horsebacke and a foote, to mete the kynge; and his 
 two vncles the duke of yorke and the duke of Gloucester, and Johan, sonne to the duke 
 of yorke, the erle of Arundell, the erle of Salisbury, the erle of Northumberlande, and 
 dyuers other lordes and knyghtes, and prelates departed out of London, and mette with 
 the kyng a two myle fro Braynforde: there they receyued hym swetely, as they ought 
 to do their soueraygne lorde. The kynge, who bare yet some displeasure in his herte, 
 passed by and made but small countenaunce to the, and all the waye he talked moost 
 with the bisshop of Lodon : at last they came to Westmister : the kyng alyghted at his 
 palis, whiche was redy apparelled for him : there y kyng dranke and toke spyces, and 
 his vncles also, and other Prelates, lordes, and knyghtes. Than some tooke their leaues; 
 the kynges vncles, and the archebysshoppe of Caunterburye, with the counsayle, taryed 
 styll there with the kyng, some in the palais, and some in the abbey and in the towne of 
 Westminster, to kepe the kynge company, and to be nere toguyder to commune of their 
 busynesse ; there they determyned what shulde be done. 
 
 ' Bohemia, 
 
 Howe 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 295 
 
 Howe by the kynge and his vncles all the lordes of Englande were sente for to come 
 lo JVeslmi/mter, to a generall counsayle there to be holden. 
 
 CAP. CI.' 
 
 A GENERALL Parlyament wasordeynedtobeholdenat Westmynstre, andall pre- 
 lates, Erles, Barons, and knyghtes, and y coiuisayles of all the (ioud tonnes and cytees 
 of Englade were sent for to be there, and all siiche as helde of the kyii<^. The arche- 
 bysshoppe of Caimtorbury shewed to the kynges vncles and counsayle, that when kynge 
 Rycharde was crowned kynge of Englande, and that euery man was swoine and made 
 theyr releues to hym, and that wha he receyued theyr faythes and homages he was 
 -within age, and a kynge ought nat to gouerne a royalme tyll he be xxi. yeres of age, 
 and in the meane season tobe gouerned by his vncles, or by his nexte kynne, and by 
 wyse men. The bysshop sayd this bycause the kynge as then was but newlye come to 
 the age of xxi. yeres ; wherfore he counsayled that euery man shulde be newe sworne, 
 and renewe their releues, and euery manne newe to knowledge hym for theyr soue- 
 raygne lorde. This counsayle was excepted" of the kynges vncles, and of all other of 
 the'coilisayle: and for that entent all prelates and lordes, and counsayles of good cyties 
 and townes were sent for to come to Westminster at a daye assigned. Euery man came 
 thyder, none disobeyed, so that there was moche people in London and at Westmister. 
 And kyng Richarde was in his chapell in the palys, rychely apareyled, with his crowne 
 on his heed ; and the archebysshoppe of Cauterbury sang the masse ; and after masse, ^ 
 bisshoppe made a coUasyon ;"= and after that the kynges vncles dyde their homage to the 
 kyng and kyssed hym, and there they sware and promysed hym faithe and homage for 
 euer; and than all other lordes sware, and prelates, and with their handes ioyned togy- 
 der they dyde their homage, as it aparteyned, and kyst the kynges cheke. Some the 
 kyng kyst with good wyll, and some nat, for all were nat in his inwarde loue ; but it be- 
 houed hym so to do, for he wolde nat go fro the counsayle of his vncles : but surely, if 
 he might haue had his entent, he wolde nat haue done as he dyde, but rather haue taken 
 crewe'll vengeaunce for the dethe of sir Symon Burle,** and other knyghtes that they had 
 pulte fro hym and slayne, without desert, as he thought. Than it was ordayned by ^ 
 cousayle, that the archebysshop of yorke shulde come and pourge hymselfe, for he 
 hadde alwayes been of the duke of Irelandes parte, agaynst the kynges vncles. Whan 
 y bysshop of yorke herde of this, he douted hymselfe, for he knewe well he was nat in 
 y fauour of the kynges vncles ; therfore he sente his excuse by a nephue of his, sonne to 
 the lorde Neueil', a^id he came to London, and came first to the kynge, and shewed hym 
 his vncles excuse, and dyde his homage in the by sshoppes behalfe. The kyng toke it 
 well, for he loued hym better than the bysshoppe of Caunterbiiry, and so he hymselfe 
 excused the bysshoppe, or elles it had ben yuell with him : but for the kynges loue they 
 forbare hym and toke his excuse; and so he taryed styll in his bysshoprike a longe 
 space, and durste nat lye at yorke, but taryed at Newcustell on the ryuer of Tyne, nere 
 to his brother the lorde Neuell and his cosyns. In this estate was at that tyme the busy- 
 nesse of Englande, and so of a longe space y kyng was nat mayster ouer his counsayle, 
 but his vncies and other bare all the rule. Nowe we wyll leaue to treat of the maters ol 
 Englade, and speke of the busynesse of the kyng of Castyle and of the kynge of Portyn- 
 gale, and of their warres. 
 
 ' This chapter ought to be numbered XCVII. I " Accepted." " A sermon. " Burley. 
 
 Howe 
 
296 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 Hotue the hynge of Porlyngale xuilh his puissance assembled with the duke of Lancaslre 
 and his puyssauncc; and howe ihey coude nal passe the ryuer of Dernef and howe 
 a squyer of Castyle shewed the the passage. 
 
 CAP. CII." 
 
 IT is reason, sythe the mater so requyreth, that I retourne agayne to y duke of La- 
 castres iourney, and howe he parceyuered al this season in Galyce. I shall begyn 
 there as I lefte, for I haue great desyre to make an ende of that storie. Whan the duke 
 of Lancastre had Avon and conquered the towne and castell of Dauranche' in Galyce, 
 and brought it vnder his obeysaunce, and refresshed hym there foure dayes, for there he 
 founde well wherwith, than the fyfthe day he departed, and sayde he wolde go to the 
 castell of Noy;"* and so he dyde, and lay four dayes in a fayre medowe alonge a ryuer 
 syde ; but the grounde was dried vp by reason of the heate of the sonne, and the water 
 corrupted, so that their horses wolde nat drinke therof, and suche as dyde dyed, 
 Thanne it was ordayned to dislodge thens, and to tourne agayne to Auranch,*" for sir 
 Richarde Burle' and sir Thomas Morryaulx, marshalles of the boost, sayd it was nat possy- 
 ble to get the strong castell of Noy'' but by longe siege, by great wysedome and dispence, 
 and moche artillary : and also tydinges came to the duke of Lancastre, that the kynge of 
 Portugale approched with all his boost, to the nombre of a^ thousande speares and tenne 
 thousande able men. So that the two hoostes togyder were lykely to do a great dede, 
 for the duke of Lancastre hadde a fyftene hundred speares, knightes and squiers, and a 
 sixe thousande archers. These tydinges reioysed greatly the duke of Lancastre, and so 
 dislodged fro Noy,** and wente agayne to Auranche" in Galyce ; and the duke sente for 
 the duchesse his wyfe and the other ladyes and damoselles ; for the duke sayd he wolde 
 abyde there for the kynge of Portugale : and so he dyde. 
 
 Ye shall knowe, that whan kyng Johan of Portugale and his marshalles had take the 
 towne of Feroull, they rode and aproched Auranch"^ to come to the duke of Lacastre; 
 and in their way they founde the towne of Padrone, whiche rebelled against the; but at 
 their first comyng they yelded them to the kynges obeysaunce. The kynge taryed 
 there and in the marches there about a fyftene dayes, and wasted greatlye the countrey 
 of vitayls, and yet they had great plentie comyng dayly fro Portugale. Thus these 
 two great hoostes were in Galyce, and greatly impouerysshed the countre, and the 
 dayes waxed so bote, y no man coude styrre after nyne of the clocke, without he wolde 
 be brent with the sonne. The duke of Lacastre and the duchesse were at Aurache,"" 
 and their men abrode in the countrey in great pouerte for lacke of vitayls for theselfe 
 and for their horses. Nothynge that was good or swete coulde growe out of the 
 grounde, it was so drie and brent with the sone ; and that grewe was lytell worthe, for 
 the season was so bote, that all was brent ; and the Englysshemen, if they wolde haue 
 any thynge for themselfe or for their horses, it behoued them or their seruauntes to go 
 a forragyng a xii. sixtene, or twentie myles of, which was great payne and daunger ; and 
 the Englysshmen founde the wynes there so stronge, hoote, and brynning, that it cor- 
 rupted their heedes and dried their bowelles, and brente their lightes and lyuers ; and 
 they had no remedy, for they coude fynde but lytell good waters to temper their wynes 
 nor to refresshe them, whiche was cotrary to their natures ; for Englysshemen in their 
 • owne 
 
 ' Duero, I" This chapter ought to be numbered XCVIII. ' Orense. * Noya, 
 
 ' Burley. ' " Three." 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 597 
 
 owne coutreis are swetely norisshed, and there they were bret both within and without ; 
 they endured great pouertie : the ^reat lordes wanted of that they were accustomed 
 vnto in their owne countreis. 
 
 Than the knyghtes ar»d squyers and other ol" Englande sawe the daunger and mys- 
 chefe that they were in, and were likely to be, what for lacke of vytayle and heate 
 of the Sonne, whiche dayly encreased. Than they began to nunmure, and to saye in 
 the host in dyuers phices, We feare our iourney wyll come to a smal effect and ende ; 
 we lye to long in one place. That is true, sayd other ; there is two thynges greatly 
 contrarye for vs ; we leade in our company women and wyues, Avho desyreth nothyng 
 but rest ; and for one dayes iourney, by their wylles, they wolde reste fyftene : this dis- 
 troyeth vs, and wyll do; for as soone as we came to Coulongne," if we had gone for- 
 warde we had spedde well, and brought the countre to good obeysaunce, for none wolde 
 haue ben agaynst vs : but the longe taryeng hath enforced our ennemyes, for nowe they 
 haue prouyded them of men of warre out of Fraunce, and by the their towues, cyties, 
 and passages be kepte and closed agaynst vs. Thus they disconfyted vs withoute ba- 
 tayle: they nede nat to fyght with vs, for the realme of Spayne is nat so pleasaunt a 
 lande to traueyle in as is Fraunce or Englande, wherin are good villages, fayre coutreis, 
 and swete ryuers, Hiire medowes, and attemperate ayre for menne of warre ; and here 
 is all the contrarye. What ment oure lorde the duke of Lancastre (if he thought to 
 Wynne this countrey), to leade in his company women and children ? This is a great 
 let and without reason, for it is knowen in all Spaygne, and els where, that he and his 
 bretherne are the true enherytours of the countrey, at kest their wyfes, doughters to 
 kyng Don Peter. As for doyng of any conquest or tournyng of any townes, the women 
 do lytell therin. 
 
 Thus as I haue shewed you, the people iangled in the duke of Lancasters boost one 
 to another. Than tidynges came to the duke that the kyng of Portugale aproched nere, 
 wherof he was ioyfuU : and whan the kynge was within two leages, the duke with his 
 knyghtes mounted on their horses and rode to mete hym, and there they mette amiably 
 and all their companyes. The kynges hole boost was nat there, but taryed behynde in 
 the guydyng of sixe great lordes of JPortugale, as Ponnase of Congne,'' Vase" Martyn de 
 merlo, Posdiche de asne degouse,"* Saluase de Merlo, sir Aulne Perrier' marshall, and 
 Johan Radighes Desar, and dyuers other; and the kyng had with hym a thre hundred 
 speares : so at Aurache' the kynge and the duke were togyder a fyue dayes, and toke 
 counsayle tognyder. The fynall conclusyon was, that they shulde ryde togyder and 
 enter into the countrey of Campe,^ and to go to the towne of Arpent,*" where syr Olyuer 
 of Clesquyne," constable of Spaygne, was: but they wyst nat how to passe y ryuer of 
 Derne,"' whiche was fell and orgulous at certayne tymes, and specially rather in somer 
 than in wynter ; for whan the snowe and froste melteth on the moutayns, by reason of 
 the Sonne, than is the ryuer moost depest and most dangerous to passe, for in wynter it 
 is frosyn, and than the ryuers are but base and lowe ; yet for all y they concluded to 
 ryde into the coutre of Campe/ trustvng at some place to fynde some passage. This 
 conclusyon was publysshed throughe all their hoostes, wherof euery man was ioyfull, 
 for they had lyen a long space sore oppressed and in great daunger at Auranche^ and 
 therabout, and many were sore diseased. 
 
 Thus the kyng of Portugale and f duke of Lacastre departed fro Auranche' and rode 
 
 toguyder, but their hostes were seperated into two partes, bycause none of them vnder- 
 
 VoL. II. 2 (^ stode 
 
 ' Corunna. " The Pouvasse d'Acunha. ' Vasco. ' Dosne degousse. ' Alleyne 
 
 Pereyra. ' Orense. ' Medina del Campo. ' Villalpaiido. Du Guesclin, 
 
 ' Duero. 
 
298 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 vtode other, nor had no maner ofaqueyntace toguyder ; and also to eschewe riottes or 
 debates that myght haue fallen bytwene them, for portugales are bote amd hastye, and 
 in lykewise Englysslimen be dispytefull and fierse. Thus they were apoynted by the 
 marshals of bothe hostes to lodge and to forrage in diners partes, and nat toguyder. 
 Thus they rode forthe, and were of that puyssaunce able to fyght for a iourney with 
 Icynge Johan of Castell and all his adhenrentes. So longe they^iourneyed, that they 
 came to the ryuer of Derne,^ whiche was nat easy to passe, lor it was depe and with 
 highe bankes, and full of great broken stones, so that but at certayne bridges whiche 
 •were broken, or elles so well kepte, y it was in maner impossyble to passe, thev might 
 nat gette ouer. So these two hostes had great ymaginacios how they might passe. Than 
 so it fell that sir John Holande, who was constable of the Englysshe boost, and the mar- 
 shalles sir Richarde Biirle^' and sir Thomas Moreaulx ; and their forragers, as they rode 
 before, they encomitred a squier of Castell, called Donnage Bangher.' He knewe well 
 all the passages of the countrey, and he knewe where there was one passage that bothe 
 liorsmen and fotemen might easelye passe the riuer ; and he came ouer at the same pas- 
 sage, and was taken and ijrought to the sayd lordes, of whom they were ryght glad : and 
 there he was so streitly examyned, and also by the wordes of the constable^ wlio sayde to 
 hym howe he wolde quyte his rausome, and gyue hym a good rewarde, if he wolde shewe 
 them where they myght passe surely the ryuer, for they sayde they had herde howe there 
 "was one sure passage ouer the ryuer. The squyer, w ho toke but lyght aduysement, and 
 was couetous of the constables offre, and was gladde to be delyuered out of their handes, 
 sayd, Sirs, I knowe well the passage, and I shall shewe it you, and shal be your o-uyde^ 
 where as ye and all youre menne maye passe without any daunger. 
 
 Of this the constable and marshalles had great ioye, and so rode forthe toguyder, and 
 sent worde of this tydinges to the duke of Lancastre, and so folowed the vowarde, and 
 the constables and marshalles came to the passage. Than the spanysshe squyer entred 
 firste into the ryuer, and shewed them the way; and whan they sawe the passage so 
 pleasaunt they were ryght ioyfull, and so euery man passed ouer; and whan the vow- 
 arde was ouer, they lodged there to gyue knowledge to all other that folowed after. 
 Than the constable kepte his promyse with the squyer that was their gyde ; and so he 
 departed fro them and rode to Medena del campo, where the kynge of Castyle lay, a 
 good towne in the countrey of Campe. Than the kynge of Portugale and the duke of 
 Lancastre came to the passage, which was called Plasce ferarde, bycause the grauell and 
 sande there was firme and stable, and without parell. There they and their hoostes 
 passed ouer, and the next day the rerewarde, and than tliey all lay in the coutrey of 
 Campe. Tydinges came to them of Ruelles, of Cateseris, of Medena, of Vyle ar- 
 pente,"* of saynt Phagon, and to other cyties, townes, and castels of the countrey of Campe 
 and Spayne, howe the englysshemen and portugaloyse were passed ouer the ryuer of 
 Derne,' and had founde the passe, wherof euery man had maruayle, and sayd, This can 
 nat be done without trayson, for they shulde neuer haue founde out the passage, but if 
 some of the countre had shewed it to them. The kynge of castelles lordes knewe how 
 the squier of Castyle had shewed it them, and was their guyde ; thervpon he was taken, 
 and knowledged the trouth, as he hadde done: thanne he was iuged to dye, and was 
 brought to Vyle arpent,'^ and there beheeded. 
 
 ' Duero i^' Burley. ' Domage Baghor. '' Villalpando. 
 
 Howe 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 299 
 
 Howe the li/dinges spred abrode that the kynge ofPortugale and the duke of Lancastre 
 were passed the rj/ner of Denie^' and howe it came to the kyng of Caslels kmnv^ 
 lege; and howe certai/ne of the engbjsshe knyghles came and rode before Vyie ar- 
 pente;^ and how the king of Portugale and the duke of Lancastre determined there 
 to tary the comi/ng of the duke of Burbone. 
 
 CAP. cm.' 
 
 WHAN the kynge of Castyle knewe howe tlie kyng; of Portugale and the duke of 
 Lancastre were in 5"feldes with a great puyssance and daily aproched, wherof he was 
 sore abasshyd, and'cailed to hvm syr Gaultyer of Passac and syr Willyam of Lignac, 
 and sayde, I haue great maruayle of the duke of B()ibon, that he commeth nat : our 
 enemyes aproche aiid kepe the feldes, and none encoutreth them : they waste our coun- 
 trey, and the people of my realme are yuell contente that we fyght nat with theym ; 
 wherfore, sirs, I requyre you gyue me counsayle what is best to do. These two 
 knyghtes, who knewe more of dedes of armes than the kyng dyd, for they had more 
 vsed it, and therfore thyder they were sente oute of Fraunce, they sayde : Syr, surely 
 the duke of Borbon cometh without fayle ; and whan he cometh, we shall take coun- 
 sayle what we shall do ; but tyll he come, let vs make no countenaunce of batayle ; let 
 our enemyes go and come whyder as they lyst; lette them kepe the feldes and we shall 
 kepe the townes that be stronge, and well prouyded bothe with men and vytayles: they 
 shall be in the sonne and in great heate, and we shall be in the shadowe and in the 
 fresshe ayie: they shall fynde y countrey wasted and pylled, and the more forewarde 
 that they go, the lesse sustynauce shall they fynde ; and therfore, syr, at the begyn- 
 nynge, to eschewe all inconuenyentes, all lytell holdes were beaten downe, and maners 
 and churches, suche as men of the covitrey wolde haue put in their goodes ; and this 
 was vvysely done, or els novve your enemyes shulde haue founde places to haue rested 
 in, and as nowe they shall fynde nothyng, without they brynge it with theym, but heate 
 and the sonne on their heedes, the whiche shall burne and slee them ; and, sir, all your 
 townes, cyties, and castelles are well garnysshed and prouyded for with good men of 
 armes, artyllery, and vytayles. I thynke they shall be skrymysshed withall, for that is 
 the lyfe and norysshynge of men of warre and their passetyme, for they ryde aboute all 
 the worlde to seke aduentures ; therfore, sir, be nothynge abasshed, for we truste in this 
 besynes we shall haue no great domage. The kynge, by reason of these knyghtes 
 wordes, was greatly recoforted, for he perceyued well they shewed him the troulh and 
 reason. 
 
 Nowe let us speke of the duke of Lancastre and of the kyng ofPortugale, who were 
 in the feldes in the countrey of Campe." They wolde gladly haue bene in some towne 
 tohauerefresshed theyn), for their foragers whersoeuer they wente coude fynde no thing, 
 and for feare of encountrynges, they rode nat but in great companyes; and somtyme, 
 whan theysawea village on "a hyll, or on the playne, than theyreioysed and wolde say: 
 Go we thyder, for there we shal be all ryche and well prouyded ; and thyder they wolde 
 ryde in great haste ; and whan they were there, they founde nothynge but bare walks, 
 
 - Duero. ^ Villalpando. ' This chapter ought to be numbered XCIX. 
 
 '' About Medina del Campo. 
 
300 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 and the howses broken downe, and notlier catte nor dogge, cocke nor hen, man, woman, 
 nor childe there ; it was wasted before by the frenchemen. Thus they loste their tyme, 
 and their horses were leane and feble, by reason of their poore norisshyng : they were 
 happy whan they founde any pasture, and some were so feble that they coulde go no 
 further, but dyed for great heate and pouertie; ye and also some of the great men dyed 
 and were sore dyspleased with hoote feuers, and had nat wherwith to refresslie them ; 
 and sometyme by sodeyn coldes that toke them sleping in y nyglu. In this case they 
 were in, and specyally in the duke of Lancastres boost, for the englisshmen were of a 
 febler complexion than the portugaloys, for they coulde well endure ilie payne, lor they 
 be harde and accustomed to the ayre of Castyle. In this case as I haue shewed you the 
 englisshmen were in, and many dyed, and namely suche as had but smale prouisyon for 
 themselfe. 
 
 Sir Richarde Burle," sir Thomas Moreaulx, sir Thomas Percy, the lorde Fitzwater, 
 syr Maberyne of Linyers, sir John Dambreticourt, Thyrrey and Guyllyam of Soumayne, 
 and with theym a two hundred horsemen, knyghtes and squyeis, suche as wolde 
 auaunce theymselfe, and desyringe of dedes of armes, at a tyme mounted on their horses, 
 the beste they hadde, to the entente to ryde to Vyle Arpente,^ to awake the frechmen 
 that were therin ; for they had herde surely howe sir Olyuer of Clysson" was within that 
 towne, who was constable of Castyle, and with hym a great nombre of good men of 
 armes. These lordes with their company rode forthe in a morenynge, and came to a 
 lytell ryuer that ranne before the towne and passed ouer. The larome rose in the 
 towne and brute that the englysshemen were come to the barryers: thanne knyghtes and 
 squiers armed them quickely, and came to the costables lodginge, and their varieties 
 sadled their horses and brought the to their maisters: the constable wolde nat by his wyll 
 haue suffered them to haue issued out agaynste the englysshmen, but he coulde nat let 
 them, their corages were so fierse ; and so they issued out well horsed and in good ordre : 
 firste issued sir Johan of Banes, the vicounte of Earlier, sir Juhan of Brakemout, sir 
 Pyer of Wyllannes, sir Tristam de la gayll, and dyuers other, with great desyre to 
 fyght agaynst the englisshmen : and whan the englysshmen had made their course before 
 the towne, than they passed agayne the ryuer where as they had paste, and drewe togy- 
 ther on y sandes, and fayre and easely withdrewe fro the ryuer a thre bow shottes : 
 than the frenche knightes came cryeng their cryes, euery manne his speare on the 
 thyghe ; and whan the Englysshmen sawe them, sodeynly they tourned with their 
 speares in the restes. There was a sore rencoutre, and dyuers ouerthrowen on the 
 sandes on botiie parties ; and whan that course was done, they lefte nat so, but skry- 
 mysshed togyther, but the powder of the subtyle sandes rose vp so thycke, that one of 
 them coulde nat se another, nor knowe eche other, so that themselfe nor their horses 
 coulde skantdrawe their brethes, their mouthes were so full of dust; so that therby eche 
 party was fayne to withdrawe by their cries. Thus they departed, and no manne 
 slayne nor greatly hurte : and bycause of this course that the englysshe knyghtes made, 
 they paste that daye but one leage fro the towne of Arpente,'' and so retourned to their 
 lodgynges, and sycknesse toke them, heate, colde, and feuers. The duke of Lancastre 
 wyste nat what to saye nor do, for he sawe well howe his men fell sicke dayly and lay 
 in their beddes ; and he was hymselfe soo wery and heuy, that gladly he wolde haue 
 layen in his bedde, and it had nat ben for discoragynge of his people : and on a day he 
 spake with the kynge of Portugale, and demaunded counsayle of hym, desyringe hym 
 to gyue his beste aduyse what wa§ beste to do, for he feared great mortalyte to fall in 
 his host. Than the kyng sayd, Syr, it semeth well howe that the spaynyardes nor 
 
 frechmen 
 
 " Burley. '' Vill.Mpando. ' Du Gucsclin. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 301 
 
 frechmen wyll nat fyght with vs at this tyme ; they purpose to suffre vs to waste our- 
 selfes and our prouysious. Why, syr, quod the duke, and what wyll ye than cousayle 
 vs to do? I shall shewe you, quod the kyng of Portugaie : as lor this season, whyle 
 the Sonne is so hoote, that ye and your people drawe againe into Galyce, and let euery 
 man relVessh himseife, and at Marche or A prill than couie to the felde agayne, and do 
 so moch that newe ayde and comforte maye come to you oute of Englande by one of 
 your bretherne. A realme is nat so soone wonne, and specyally to agree with the ayre 
 nat acustomed before. Let your men go and passe their tyme in suclie townes and for- 
 teresses as ye haue in Galyce vnder your obeysaunce. This may well be, quod the 
 duke ; but than maye fortune to fall, as I shall shewe you ; that is. Whan our enemyes 
 seeth that we be departed one fro another, you into Portugaie and 1 into Galyce, at 
 saynt Jaques or at Colongne," than the kynge of Spayne wyll ryde with great puys- 
 saunce: for I haue herde that he hatlie foure thousande speares, frenchmen and bretons, 
 and he shall fynde as many mo in his owne countrey ; and also the duke of Burbon, 
 vncle to the frenche kyng, cometh after with two M. speares ; and assone as he cometh 
 he wyll set forwarde, so that and we be than at home in oure countreys, or we can as- 
 semble togyder agayne, as we be nowe, our enemyes shall do vs great domage. Thanne 
 the kynge sayde, Well : than lette vs kepe styll the feldes in the name of god ; as for 
 my men be fresshe ynough, and are of good mynde to abyde the aduenture, and I with 
 them. 
 
 Thus they determyned to abyde the comynge of the duke of Burbon, to se if they 
 shulde be fought witliall thanne or nat, for they all demauded nothinge but batayle. 
 The tyme went euer forwarde and the sonne mounted, and the dayes chafed meruayl- 
 ously, for it was aboute mydsomer, whan the sonne was in his strength, and specially 
 in Spayne and Granade, and in the farre countreyes of Septentryon ; nor after Aprell 
 there fell no rayne nor swetnes fro Heuyn, wherby euery thynge was brente on the 
 erihe. The englisshmen eate grapes whan they myght get them, and dranke of the 
 hote wynes ; and the more they dranke the more they were set afyre, and therby 
 brente their lyuers and longes, for that dyete was contrary to their nature. Englyssh- 
 men are norisshed with good metes and with ale, which kepeth their bodyes in temper; 
 and there the nyghtes were hoote, bycause of the great heate in the day, and the 
 mornyng meruaylously colde, whiche dysceyued them : for in the nyght they coulde 
 suffre no thynge on them, and so slepte all naked, and in the mornynge colde toke 
 them or they were ware, and that caste them into feuers and flyxes without remedy ; 
 and as well dyed great men as meane people. 
 
 Corunna. 
 
 Howe 
 
302 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 Howe the duke of Lancaslre gaue lycencc to his men, and howe a haraulle was senle 
 to the kiiige of Castile, and howe the biightes of Englande went to speke with 
 the king of Caslyle for a saueconduct, for the dukes men to passe through his 
 coutrey. 
 
 CAP. CIIII.' 
 
 BEHOLDE nowe and se howe fortune tourned ; ye maye well beleue that the duke 
 of Lancastre beynge in the realme of Castyle, coulde neuer haue loste by batayle, nor 
 his men dyscornfetted, nor loste his men as he dyd in that voyage by reason of sycknes, 
 and liymselfe also nygh deed : and sir Johan Holande, who was constable of the boost, 
 whan he sawe his frendes and men thus infected with this malady without remedy, and 
 herynge the complayntes of one and otiier, sayen;^ eche to other, Ah, the duke of Lan- 
 castre hath brought vs to dye in Spaygne, cursed be this voyage : he wyll neuer haue 
 Englysshman more to come out of Englande to serue liym: he spuj-neth agaynst y pricke ; 
 he wolde his men shulde kepe the countrey whan it is wonne, and whan his men be all 
 deed, who shall thanne kepe it ? he shewelh nat that he can any skyli of the warre, 
 sythe he seeth that none cometh agaynst vs to fight in batayle ; why dothe he nat drawe 
 than intoPortugale, or into some other place ? than he shulde nat haue the domage nor 
 losse that he hath, for thus we shall all dye without any strokes. Whan sir Johan Holande 
 herde and vnderstode these wordes, for the honoure and loue of his lorde the duke of 
 Lancastre, whose doughter he had maryed, he came to the duke and sayd quickly to 
 him. Sir, it must behoue you to take newe and shorte counsayle : your people be in a 
 harde case, and lykely to dye by syckenesse: if nede shulde fortune they are nat able 
 to ayde you, they be wery and in a harde case, and their horses deed, so that noble men 
 and other are so discoraged that they are nat lyke to do you any good seruyce at this 
 tyme. Than sayd the duke, and Avhat is beste than to do, I wyll beleue counsaile for it 
 is reason ? Syr, quod the constable, me thynke it were beste ye gaue lycence to euery 
 man to departe where as they thynke beste, and yourselfe to drawe outher intoPortu- 
 gale, or into Galice, for ye are nat in the case to ryde forewarde. That is trewe. quod 
 the duke, and so I wyll do; saye you to them howe I do gyue them leaue to departe 
 whyder it please the, outher into Castyle, or into Fraunce, so they make no false treaty 
 with our enemyes, for I se well for this season our warre is paste : and paye euery man 
 their wages, and rewarde theym for their costes. Syr, quod the constable, this shall be 
 done. 
 
 Sir Johan Holande made it be knowen by a trumpet in euery lodgyng the enteiicion of 
 the duke of Lancastre, howe he dyd gyue lycence to euery man to departe whyder they 
 lyst, and that euery capytayne shulde speke with the constable, and they shulde be so 
 payed that they shulde be content. This tydynges reioysed some, suche as desyred to 
 departe to chaunge the ayre. Than the barones and knyghtes of Englande toke coun- 
 sayle howe they myght retourne into Englande ; it was thought impossyble for them to 
 retourne by the see, for they had no shyppes redy, and were fane fro any porte ; and 
 also their men were so sicke with feuers and Sixes, that there were many deed, and so 
 sicke that they coude nat endure y trauayle on the see ; so all thynges consydered they 
 thought it best to repayre home thorough the realme of Fraunce. Than some sayde, 
 
 howe 
 
 ' This chapter ought to be numbered C. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 303 
 
 howe maye that be, for we be enemyes too all the realmes that we muste passe through ? 
 First, through Spayne, for we haue made theym open warre : the kynge of Nauer in 
 lykewyse is ioyned in this warre with the kynge of Castyle, and also tiie kynge of Ara- 
 gone, for he is alyed with the frenche kynge: and also he hath done to vs a great dys- 
 pite: he hath take and layd in prison at Barselona the archebysshop of Burdeaux, who 
 wente thyder to deniaunde the arerages tliat the realme of Aragon oweth to the kynge 
 of Englande, our soueraygne lorde ; and to sende to the frenche kyng it is liarde for vs 
 to do, it is farre of, and peraduenture whan oure messanger cometli to the kynge, (he is 
 yonge,) and peraduenture his counsayle wyll do iiolhynge for vs, lor sir Olyuer of 
 Clysson, constable of Fraunce, liateth vs mortally : for he wvH say that the duke of 
 Bretayn, his great aduersary, wyll become englissh. Than some otlier that were of great 
 wysdome and imaginacyon said, all thinges consydred, we thinke it best to assay the 
 kyng of Castyle, we thynke he wyll lyghtly condyscende to sufire vs to passe through 
 his countrey peasably, and to gette a saueconducte fro the kynges of Fraunce, Aragon, 
 and Nauer. 
 
 This counsayle was taken, kepte, and herde, and a Haraulde called Derby, was 
 sente foillie to the kynge of Castyle with letters ; this haraulde rode forthe and came to 
 Medena de campo, and there he founde the kynge of Castyle, and tban he kneled 
 downe and delyuered his letters ; and the kynge opened them and redde them, they 
 were written in frenche ; Avhan he hadde well vnderstande them, he turned hym and 
 smyled, and sayde to a knyght of his, go and make this haraulde good chere : he shall 
 be answered to nygbt, and departe to morowe. Than the kynge entred into his secrete 
 chambre, and sent for sir Wyllyam of Lygnac, and for sir Gaultyer of Passac, and red 
 to them the letters, and demaunded of them what was beste to do. 
 
 I shall shewe you the substaunce of the matter : Syr Johan Holande, constable of the 
 duke of Lancastres boost, wrote to the kynge of Castyle, desyring hym to sende by the 
 herault letters of safecoducte for ii. or thre englysshe knightes to go and come safe, to 
 speke and to treat with hym. Than these knightes answered and sayd, sir. it were good 
 ye dyde this, for than shall you knowe what they demaude. Well, quod the kyng, 
 me tliynke it is good. Than there was a safecoducte written, coteyninge that sixe 
 knightes miwhl safely go and come at the poyntyng of the constable : this was sealed 
 with the kynges great seale, and sygned with his hande, and deliuered to the heralt, 
 and XX. frankes in rewarde. Than he returned to Aurache,^ where the duke and y con- 
 stable were. 
 
 The herault deliuered the safecoduct to the costable. Than the knyghtes were chosen 
 y shulde go, sir Mauberyn of Linyere, sir Thomas Morell," and sir'johan Dambreti- 
 court ; these tine knyghtes were cliarged togo on this message to y kynge of Castile: and 
 they departed assone as they might, for some thought long, for there were many sicke 
 and lacked phisicions and medicins, and also fresshe vita) lies. These Englysshe am- 
 bassadours passed by the toAvne of Arpent,' and there the constable of Castyle, sir Oly- 
 uer of Clesquy,'' made the good cliere, and made them a supper : and the next daye he 
 sent with them a knyght of his of Tyntemache,' a breton, to bring them the more sure- 
 Iyer to tlie kyng, for encoutryng of y bretons, of whom there were many sprede abrode ; 
 and so long they rode that they came to Medena de Campo, and there they founde the 
 kynge, who had gret desire to know what they wolde ; and whan they were alyghted at 
 their lodgyng, and chaviged and refresshed the, they went to the king, Avho made to the 
 gode semblaunt, and were brought to hi by y knightes of his house ; than they delyuered 
 
 to 
 
 ■ Orense. '- Moreaiix. ' Villalpando. ■* Dii Guesclin, 
 
 ' Johnes names him Tintetnach. 
 
304 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 to the kyng letters fro the dukes Constable, but none fro hymselfe, for as than he wolde 
 nat write to the kynge : but they sayd, Sir kyng, we be sent hyder to you fro the erle of 
 Huntyngdon, Constable with the duke of Lancastre, acertaynynge you of the great 
 mortalyte and sickenesse that is amonge our men ; therfore the constable desyreth you 
 that ye wolde to all suche as desyreth to haue their helthe, opyn your cyties and good 
 townes, and suffre them to entre to refresshe them, and to recouer their helth if they 
 maye ; and also, that suche as haue desyre to passe into Englande by lande, that they 
 maye passe without daunger of you, of the kyng of Nauer, and of the Frenche kyng, 
 but pesably to retourne into their ownecoutreis ; sir, this is the desyre and request that 
 we make vnto you as at this tyme. Than the kyng answered and said soberly, Sirs, we 
 shall take cousayle and aduise what is good for vs to do, and than ye shal be answered. 
 Than the knyghtes sayd, sir, that sufTyceth to vs. 
 
 Howe these ihre knyghtes ohteyned a saueconducl of the kyng of Castyle for their peo- 
 ple to passe : and howe di/uers of theglysshmen dyed in Castyle : and howe the 
 duke of Lancastre fell in a great syckenesse. 
 
 GAP. C V.' 
 
 THUS they departed fro the kynge at that tyme, and went to their lodgynges, and 
 there taryed all y day, and the next day tyll none ; than they went to y kyng. Now I 
 shall shewe you what answere y king had of his cousaile. This request gretly reioysed 
 the kyng, for he sawe well his enemyes wolde departe out of his realme, and he thought 
 in hymselfe he wolde agre thei to, yet he was cousayled to the cotrary, but he sent for 
 the ii. freche capitayns, sir Gaultier of Passacke, and sir William of Lign:ic ; and whan 
 they were come he right ^agely shewed the the desire and request of y costable of the 
 Englysshe host, and hervpon he demanded of them to haue their cousayle : First, he 
 desyred sir Water Passacke to speke ; he was lothe to speke before other of the kyngeg 
 cousayle there, but he was fayne so to do the kyng so sore desyred hym : and so by the 
 kynges comaundement he spake and i-ayde, Sir, ye are come to the same ende that we 
 haue alwayes said, and that was, y your enemys shulde wast theselfe: they are nowe 
 disconfyted without any stroke strikyng ; sir, if y said folkes desyre to haue comforte 
 and refresshyngin your countre, of your gentylnesse ye mayewell graut it them, so that 
 whasoeuer they recouer their helthe, they retourne nat agayne to the Duke, nor to the 
 kynge of Portugale, but than to departe the streight way into their owne countrcys, 
 and that in the terme of sixe yere they arme them nat agaynst you, nor agaynst the 
 realme of Castyle ; we thynke ye shall gette right well a safeconducte for them of the 
 kynge of Fraunce, and of the kynge of Nauerre, to passe peasably through the realmes. 
 Of this answere the kynge was ryght ioyfuU, for they counsayled hym accordynge to 
 his pleasure, for he had nat cared what bargeyn he had made, so that he myght haue 
 ben quyte of the Englysshmen : than he sayd to sir Water Passacke, Sir, ye haue well 
 and truely counsayled me, I thanke you, and I shall do accordyng to your aduise. 
 Fhan the thre Englysshe knyghtes were sent for. 
 
 Whan they were come they entred into the counsayle chabre : than the bysshop of 
 Burgos, chaunceller of Spayne, who was well langaged, sayd : sirs, ye knyghtes of Eng- 
 lad perteyning to the duke of Lacastre, and sent hyder fro his constable, vnderstande 
 
 that 
 
 • This chapter ought to be numbered CI. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 305 
 
 that the kyng here of his pytie and gentylnesse, wyll shewe to his enemyes all the grace 
 he maye ; and sirs, ye shall retourne to your costable, and shewe hym fro the kyng of 
 Castyle that he shall make it to be knowen through al his hoost by the'sowne of a 
 trumpet, that his rcalme shal be open and redy to receyue all the Englysshmen hole or 
 sicke, so that at ihentre of euery cyte or towne they laye dovvne their armure and wea- 
 pons ; and there shall they fynde men redy to bring them to their lodgiges, and there 
 all their names to be written and delyuered to the capitayne of the towne, to thentent 
 they shulde nat retourne agayne into Galyce, nor into Portugale, for no maner of bu- 
 synesse : but to departe into their own countreis assone as they may, and assone as the 
 kyng of Castyle my souerayne lorde hath optayned your safecoducte to passe through 
 the realmes of Nauer, and Fraunce, to go to Calis, or to any other porte or hauen at 
 their pleasure, outher into Bretaygne, Xaynton, Rochell, Normady, or Picardy : also 
 y kyngcs pleasure is, that all suche knightes or squiers of any nacyon what soeuer it be, 
 that entred into this vyage, in any wyse arme nat themselfe for y space of sixe yere 
 agaynst the realme of Castyle, and that they swere thus to do whan they take the safe- 
 coducte ; and of this coposycion ye shall haue letters open to beare to your constable, 
 and to suche copanyons as sent you hyder. These knyghtes thanked the kynge and his 
 counsayle of their answere, and sayd, sir, there be certayne artycles in your answere, 
 we ca nat tell if they will be accepted or nat: if they be nat we shall sende agayne to you 
 our heraulte: if he come nat we shall accept your sayeng. Well sirs, the kyng is coii- 
 tent, (quod they of his counsayle.) Than the kyng went into his chambre, and sir 
 Water Passacke, and sir Wyllyam Lignacke, kepte styll company with the Englysshe 
 knyghtes, and brought them into a fayre chabre, where their dyner was redy apparelled 
 for the, and there dyned with them: and after dyner had wyne and spyces in the kynges 
 chambre and toke their leaue ; their letters were redy, and they toke their horses and 
 so departed and rode to Vylecloppes, and the next day they came to the towne of 
 Arpent" and dyned, and at night lay at Noy,'' in Galyce, and the next daye they came 
 to Auranche,"" and there founde y constable. So it fortuned that in this mean season 
 one of the duke of Lancasters great barons died, a right valyant man, called the lorde 
 Fitzwater ; he was greatly bemooned, but agaynst dethe none maye stryue ; his enter- 
 ment was honorably done, the kyng of Portugale, and the duke of Lacastre present. 
 And whan these thre knyghtes Avere come to the Dukes lodgyng, they shewed all that 
 they had done, and shewed their letters of confyrmacion of the same : than some sayde 
 it was a herde couenaunt, and some sayd nay, holdyng opinyon that it was right cour- 
 tesse, perfitely consyderyng the danger that they were in. These tidynges anone sprede 
 abrode in the host how the duke had gyuen lycence euery man to departe who so lyst : 
 than suche as were sycke and feble desyring a fresshe ayre, departed as soone as they 
 might, and toke their leaue of the duke and of the costable, and than they were truely 
 payd their wages us curtesly as might be ; and some were content with fayre wordes, 
 and so they departed by copanyes, some went to Arpent,^ some to Ruelles, some to 
 Vilcloppes, some to Noy,** soe to Medena de Capo, and other places : and in euery 
 place they were welcome and brought to their lodgynges, and their names presented to 
 the capitayne : the greattest parte of the gentylinen went to Arpent," bycause in that 
 towne there were many straungers, Bretons, Frenchmen, Normayns, and Poicteuyns, 
 ouer whome sir Olyuer de Clesquyn'' was capitayne: the Engiyssliemen trusted better in 
 them than they dyde in the Spaynyerdes, and good cause why. 
 
 Thus as I haue shewed you the duke of Lancastres army brake vp at that tyme in 
 Castyle, and euery man sought the best for hymselfe : ye maye well beleue that this 
 dyde greatly trouble the duke of Lancastre, and great cause whv, for he sawe his enter- 
 
 VoL. II. 2R prise 
 
 > Villalpando. " Noya. ' Oreiisc. •• Du Guesclin. 
 
306 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 'prise sore putte a backe and brought into a herde case ; howebeit, lyke a valyaunt sage 
 price as he was, he coforted hymselfe as well as he myght, for he sawe well it coulde 
 none otherwyse be. And whan the kyng oi' Portugale sawe howe the matter went, and 
 y their army was broken of, he gaue lycence to all maner of men, except a thre hundred 
 speares that were come to serue hym : he retaygned them styll, and so departed fro 
 Aurache" with the duke of Lacastre, and his wyfe, and rode to saynt Jaques, called 
 Copostella ; and whan the kyng and the duke were there, the kynge taryed there four 
 dayes, and than departed with all his men, and retourned to his countrey to his wyfe, 
 who laye at Porte,'' a good cytie in Portugale. 
 
 Nowe shall I shewe you what befell of dyuers knyghtes and squyers, suche as were 
 departed fro the duke and gone into Castile ; dyuers that were enfecte with sickenesse, 
 for all their chaungynge of newe ayre, and newe medycins, yet they coulde nat scape 
 the peryll of dethe: dyuers dyed in Arpent." In the meane season that the king of 
 Castyle sent to the kynge of Nauerre, and to the frenche kyng, for their sauecoductes 
 to passe pesably, (whiche was nat soone optaygned,) dyuers lordes, knyghtes, and 
 squyers, of Englade, dyed in their beddes, whiche was gret domage, and a great losse 
 to their countrey; in Arpent" there dyed thre great barones of Englande, and ryche 
 men ; the first was sir Richarde Burle,'' who had ben marshall of y dukes boost: another 
 the lorde Ponynges : and the thyrde the lorde Percy, cosyn germayne to the erle of 
 Northumberlande ; and in the towne of Noy' dyed sir Mauberyn of Lyniers, a poyte- 
 uyn, a ryght noble and an expert knyght ; and in the towne of Ruelles there dyed a 
 great baron, called the lorde Talbot, so that there died here and there a xii. gret lordes, 
 and a fourscore knightes, and two hudred squyers ; this was a great dysconfetture, with- 
 out any stroke stryken, and there dyed of other meane men mo than fyue hundred ; 
 and I herde it reported of a knyght of Englande, as he retourned through Fraiice, (his 
 name was sir Thomas Quynbery,)' that of fyftene hundred men of armes, and foure 
 thousande archers, that the duke of Lancastre hadde brought out of the realme of Eng- 
 lande, there neuer retourned agayn the halfe parte. 
 
 The duke of Lancastre fyll in a perylous sickenesse in the towne of saynt Jaques, and 
 oftentymes the brute ranne in Castyle and in Fraunce, howe he was deed, and surely 
 he Avas in a great adueture of his lyfe. Thyrrey of Souuayne,^ a squyer of honour, and 
 squyer for y dukes body, was taken with sickenesse and dyed at Besances ;'' he was na- 
 turally borne of the countie of Heynaulte, and his brother Wyllyam of Souuayn» was 
 with hym tyll he dyed, who in likewyse was in great aduenture of his lyfe : of a trouthe 
 there was none so hardy, so ryche, nor so iolye, but that they were in feare of theselfe, 
 and euery day loked for none other thyng but deth ; and with this sickenesse there were 
 none infected but al onely the duke of Lancasters copany : among y frechmen there 
 were none sicke, wherby dyuers murmuracyons were among the spanyerdes, sayeng, y 
 kyng of Castyle hath done great grace to these Englysshmen to suffre them to lye and 
 rest them in his countre, and in his good townes, but we feare it wyll cost vs greatly : 
 for they haue, or are lyke to bring into this countrey great mortalyte : than other wolde 
 saye, Ah, they are christenmen as we be : there ought copassion and pyte to be taken 
 one of another; this was the comunyng among them. And true it was y same season a 
 Knyght of Frauce dyed in Castile, for whom gret sorowe was made, for he was gracyous, 
 courtesse, and hardy in armes, and was brother to sir Johan, sir Raynolde, and sir 
 Launcelotte of Voy,' and he was called sir John of Voy,' but howe he dyed I shall 
 tell you : he was in a towne of Castyle, called Segbome, and laye there in garyson : he 
 
 had 
 
 ! Orense. ■■ Oporto. -^ ViUalpando, ■" Burley. ' Noya. 
 
 ,^ Queensljury. ^ Soumaine. '' Beian(;os, ■ ' Roye, 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 307 
 
 had an Imnostume in his body, and he was yonse and lusty, and tooke no hede therof, 
 but on a day lent on a 2;ieat horse and rode out into the feldes, and spurred his horse, 
 so that by -rambaldyno" of the horse the impostume brake in his body : and whan he 
 was retourn'ed to his lodsiyn^e he was layde on his bedde sicke, and that semed well, 
 for the fourthe daye after "he dyed, wherof his frendes were rip;ht soroufuU. 
 
 Horn sir Johan Holade, the duke of Lancastres constable, toke his leue of the duktt 
 and he and his %vyfe relourned hy the king of Caslyle, who made hym good chere : 
 and howe sir Johan Dambrelicourl wente to Parys to acomplysshe a dede of amies 
 bytwene hym and Bouciqualt. 
 
 CAP. CVI.' 
 
 YE maye well knowe that euery man eschewed this sickenesse that was amonge the 
 Englysshmen, and Redde therfro as moche as they myght. All this seasoii sir Johan 
 Holande, the dukes constable, was still with the duke, and certayne knightes and 
 squyers, seynge the season of warre paste, thynkynge to eschewe the peryll of the 
 sickenesse, sayd to the constable : Sir, let vs retourne and we wyll go to Bayone, or to 
 Burden X, to take fresshe ayre, and to eschewe this sickenes, for whan so euer the duke 
 of Lancastre wyll haue vs agayne, lette hym write for vs, and we shall soone be with 
 hym, whiche were better than to kepe vs here in daunger and parell ; they called so 
 often on hym that on a day he shewed the duke their murmuracyons : than the duke 
 sayde : Syr Johan, I wyll ye retourne and take my men with you, and recomende me 
 to my lorde the kyng, and to all my bretherne in Englande. With right a good wyll 
 sir, quod the constable ; but syr, though sycke men haue had great curtesy by the con- 
 stable of Castyle, as in suffering them to entre to abyde there at their ease tyll they re- 
 couer their helthes, yet they maye nat retourne agayne to you into Castyle, nor into 
 Portugale : and if outher they or we take our waye to Calays throughe Fraunce, than 
 we must be bounde to beare none armure in syxe yere after agaynstthe realrae of I rauce, 
 without the kynge our souerayne lorde be present in propre persone. Than the duke 
 sayd, Syr Johan, ye knowe well that the frenchemen will take on you and on our men, 
 (in case they se them in daunger,) all the vautage they can do; therfore I shall shewe 
 you whiche way ye shall passe curtesly through the realme of Castyle: and whan ye 
 come into the entre of Nauarre sende to the kynge, he is my cosyn, and in tyme past 
 we hadde great alyaunce toguyder, whiche are nat as yet broken : for sith the warre 
 began bytwene y kyng of Castyle and me, we haue amiably written eche to other, as 
 cosyns and frendes, nor no warre hath ben made by see bitwene vs ; but the frechmen 
 haue, wherfore I thynke he wyll lightly suffre you to passe through his realme ; and 
 whan ye be at saynt Johan Pie de porte, than take the waye to Bisquay, and so to Bayon; 
 than ye be in our herytage, and fro thens ye may go to the cytie of Burdeux without 
 daunger of the frenchemen, and there refresshe you at your ease: and whan ye haue 
 wynde and weder at wyll, than ye maye take the see and lande in Cornwall, or at Hamp- 
 ton, or there as the wynde wyll serue you. Than sir Johan said, your counsayle shal 
 be fulfylled without any faute. 
 
 It was nat long after but that the Constable and his company departed, and there 
 
 taryed with v duke and duches, no mo but his owne housholde seruauntes : and sir 
 
 ^ '' 2 R 2 Johan 
 
 ' This chapter ought to be numbered CII, 
 
508 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 Jolian Holande had his wyfe with hym, and so came to the cytie of Camores, and there 
 he fbunde the kyn;^e of Castyle, sir Gaiiltier of Passacke, and sir Wyllyam of Lignacke, 
 who made hym good chere, as lordes and knyghtes do whan they mete eche with other. 
 And truely the kyng of Castyle was gladde to se the departyng of the Englysshmen, for 
 than it semed to hym y his warre was at an ende, and thought that there wolde neuer 
 issue agayne out of Englande so many good men of warre in the duke of Lancasters 
 tytell, to make warre in Castyle ; also he knewe well howe there was great trouble and 
 dyscorde within the realme of Englande. Whan the tidynges sprede abrode in Castile, 
 in the good cyties and townes, (where as the Englysshemen lay sicke, and were there to 
 seke for their iielthe,) howe that sir Johan Hollande was come thyder to retourne 
 agayne into Englade, they were ryght gladde therof, and so drewe to hym, to the en- 
 tent to retourne with hym, as the lorde of Chameulx, sir Thomas Percy, the lorde 
 Lelynton," the lorde of Braseton,'' and dyuers other, to the nombre of a thousade horses ; 
 suche as were sicke thought themselfe halfe hole, whan they knewe they shulde retourne, 
 their voyage paste was so paynfull to them. 
 
 Whan sir Johan Hollande toke leaue of 3' kyng of Castyle, the kyng gaue to hym 
 and to his copany great giftes, with mules and mulettes of Spaygne, and payde for all 
 their costes ; and than they rode to saynt Phagons and there refresshed the thre dayes, 
 and in euery place they were welcome and well receyued, for there were knyghtes of 
 the kynges that dyde conducte theym, and payde alwayes for their cosies ; so longe 
 they rode that they passed Spaygne, and came to Naueret, where as the batayle had 
 ben before, and so to Pauyers, and to Groyne,' and there rested, for as than they were 
 nat in certayne if the kyng of Nauerre wolde sufTre them to passe througlie his realme 
 or nat: than they sent to hym ii. knightes, sir Peter Bysset, and sir Wylliam Nor- 
 wiche ; they founde the kynge at Tudeia, in TV'auer, and there spake with hym, and 
 spedde so well that they had graut to passe through Nauer, payeng for that they shulde 
 take by the way : and as soone as these knyghtes were retourned, they departed fro 
 Groyne,*^ and so came to Pampylona, and passed the mountains of RoCiceaux,'' and lefte 
 the way into Bierne, and entred into Bisquay, so to go to Bayon ; at last thyder they 
 came, and there sir Johan Holande taryed a long space with his wyfe, and other of the 
 Englysshmen rode to Burdeaux. Thus this armye brake vp. 
 
 So it was in the season whyle these warres endured in Castile, and that y englissh- 
 men kepte the feldes, the lorde Bouciqualt, the elder of the ii. bretherne, sent by an 
 herault to sir Johan Dabreticourt, desyring to do with hym dedes of armes : as thre 
 courses with a spere, thre with an axe, and thre with a dagger, all on horsbacke ; the 
 knight was agreed therto : and after that, sir Johan Dambreticourt sent dyuers tymes to 
 accoplysshe their feate, but Bouciqualt came nat forw arde ; I can nat tell what was y 
 cause, nor I wyll nat say but that he was a right good knight, and mete to haue done a 
 greatter feate in armes than that was: and whan sir Johan Dabreticourt was come to 
 £ayone, in the company of sir Johan Holade, he was in dyuers ymaginacions on his 
 chalege, and thought that honorably he might nat departe out of those partes, (seyng he 
 was chalenged to do dedes of armes, and had graunted therto,) without he fulfylled the 
 same: for if he returned into England \Vout doyng of any thyng, he thought that the 
 frenchmen wolde saye that he departed for feare ; than he toke cousayle of sir John 
 Holade, and of other, what were best for him to do; he was counsayled to take the 
 waye through Frauce, with the safeconducte y the duke of Burbon had gotte hym, and 
 so to go to Parys, and there to demaunde for sir Bouciqualt, or els by the way: thcrby 
 at lest his honour shulde be excused. This counsayle the knight beleued and folowed 
 
 the 
 
 ' Leluyton ? ■' Bradestan. ' Logrono. 1' Pioncevalles. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 309 
 
 the same, and so departed fro Bayon, and entred into Biern, and so came to Artoys, 
 and there founde therle of Foiz, who made hym good chere, and at his departyng the 
 erleciaue hym ii.C. florens, and a good horse: than he rode forthe through Byern, 
 and entred into the coutre of Bigore," and so into Tholousin, and into Carcassynois, and 
 in his copany was Wylliam of Souuayne/ and other squiers of Heynauh, retournyng 
 into their countreis ; so longe he rode lliat he came to Parys, and at that tyme the kyng 
 was in Normandy, and sir Boucikalt, as it was shewed hym, was in Aragon ; than sir 
 John Dambreticourt, to acquyte his enterprice, preseted hymselfe before certayne of 
 the great barons of Fraunce, beyng at Parys, and shewed tlie howe he was come thyder 
 to acquite hymself of his chalenge .• and whan he hadde taryed there viii. dayes, he de- 
 parted and came to Calais, and they of Heynault into their owne countreis. Thus 
 lytell and litell the array y went into Spayne, and into Portugale, brake vp. 
 
 Hoive the duke of Burbone departed fro Jui/gnon to go into Caslyle with all his 
 host, and came to Burgus in Spayne, and there foude the ki/ng of Castyle: and 
 howe the duke of Lancastre herde those lidi/nges ; and howe the duke of Burbone 
 departed fro the kyng, and went streyght agayne into Fraunce. 
 
 CAP. CVII.*- 
 
 IT ought to be supposed that the duke Loys of Burbon, (who was at the begynnyng 
 of this enTerprise and armye into Castyle, ordaynedde to be as chefe,) was well enform- 
 ed howe the maters went: if he had knowen y it shuld haue ben so, he wolde haue made 
 the more haste, for it was long or he entred into Spaygne, for he toke a longe waye by 
 Auignon, to se hym that wrote hymself pope Clement, and there taryed a long space: 
 and whan he departed he rode to Mountpelyer, and there taryed a fyue dayes, and 
 also at Besyers and Carcassone, Narbone and Parpinyon, and than entred mto the 
 realme of Aragon, to se the yonge kynge there, and his cosyn y queue Yolant of Bare: 
 and so rode to Barselona, and there founde the kyng and the queue his cosyn, and a 
 great nombre of the lordes of the countrey that were come thyder to fest hym ; and so 
 they dyde ; and whan he had ben there a sixe dayes he went to Valecensia"^ the great, 
 and there he herde sure tidynges howe y Englysshe armye was withdravven and passed 
 homewarde, and howe that sirJohan Hollande was in Nauer goyng howarde, with a 
 great parte of his copany, and howe there had ben a great dethe among them: and also 
 he herde howe his cosyn the duke of Lancastre laye sicke in Compostella, in Galyce ; 
 and in dyuers places it was sayde howe he was deed ; howebeit, though there were as 
 thanne but lytell to do in Spaygne, yet he thought to passe further, and sende worde of 
 his comyug to the kyng of Castile, who was ryght gladde therof, and to mete with hym, 
 came to Burgus in Spayne, and there prouyded greatly for his receyuynge, and suche 
 as were there with hym of Frauce were ryght gladde to se the duke of Burbone. Thus 
 the duke passed Valencensia,'' and Saragosa, and all the portes, and entred into Spayne, 
 and came to Burgus: and there he was well receyued, and there was sir Olyuer ol Cles- 
 quyn,"* constable of Castyle, and sir Wylliam of Lignacke, sir Gaullier of Passacke, 
 sir Johan of Banes, sir Johan and sir Raynolde of Roy, and dyuers other knyghtes of 
 Fraunce, who lefte their garysons to come and se the duke of Burbone: for there was 
 as than no doute of the Englysshmen, nor of the Portugalois, for they were all with- 
 
 drawen ; 
 
 Soiimayne. '' This chapter ouo-ht to be numbered CIII. ' \ alencia, 
 
 *■ Du Gueschii. 
 
310 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 drawen ; and the Englysshmen forsoke their garysons that they had won in Galyce, for 
 they knewe well they coude nat resyst the army of Fraunce, seyng their compaignyons 
 were departed dyuers wayes, as ye haue herde before. 
 
 Tidinges came into Galyce howe the duke of Burbon was coe into Spaigne, and had 
 brought with hym great nobre of knyghtes of Frauce, brute and noyse was more thanne 
 it was in dede by the one halfe ; the comons were in great dout that y duke of Burbon 
 wolde haue entred there w great force and puissaunce, but that the duke of Lacastre 
 was there amonge them, who greatly conforted them. Tidynges came to the duke of 
 Lancastre, howe that his cosyn the duke of Burbone was come into Spayne, and was at 
 Burgus with the kynge ; and incontynent he sent worde therof to the kynge of Portu- 
 gale, desyring hym to gather agayne toguyder his people, for he knewe nat what y 
 frenchemen wolde do, seyng the Englysshemen were auoyded the coutrey. The kyn<r 
 of Portugale, by reason of suche alyaunce as was bytwene them he consented, and de- 
 parted fro Lisbone, and came to Conymbres," and there made his somons throughout 
 his realme, euery man to be redy ; and than he came to the cytie of Porte,"* to drawe 
 nere to the countrey of Galyce, and to his father in lawe the duke of Lancastre, who 
 was nat as than in good poynte to ryde, for the sickenesse that he had ; howebeit, he 
 began to amende. Nowe let vs speke of the duke of Burbon, who was with the kyng 
 of Castyle, who made hym as good chere as he coude, and all other prelates and lordes 
 of the realme : and many counsayles there was bytwene them, to determyne what they 
 shulde do, outher to ryde into Galyce, or els to returne. The kyng of Castyle, and 
 they of his counsayle, sawe clerely howe the mater shulde beste be for their profyte, and 
 sayd eche to other whan they were togyder: by reason of these frenchmen our landes are 
 wasted and dystroyed : though they be come to kepe it, we haue taken by them great 
 domage, wherfore we thinke it shulde be good to thake the duke of Borbon for the 
 payne and trauayle that he hathe endured in cominge hyder: and lette vs desyre hym 
 louyngly to withdrawe his men of warre, seynge he nedeth nat to tary here for any 
 warre that is aparente, (for as for Galice,) the recouery therof shall be but a small mater 
 for vs. Thus they of the kynges couTisayle comuned eche with other ; and further 
 they said: if we ones receyue these people they must be payed of their wages; if nat they 
 will pyll and robbe all the realme, for the comon people allredy begynneth to com- 
 playne, and therfore we thynke it were best to gyue the an honest congy to departe. 
 This counsayle was vpholden, and the kynge well con'^ented thereto, for he sawe well 
 it was the most profyte for his people and realme, for they coulde take no hurte but it 
 shulde be to his domage and preiudice; so that one daye in the kynges presence, the 
 archebysshop of Burgus, to the duke of Burbon, and before many of the knightes of 
 Fraunce, shewed and declared to theym their ententes, as ye haue herde before; and 
 the duke of Burbon, and dyuers other knyghtes of Fraunce, who had rather retourne 
 than to abyde there, (for the countrey was nat mete for their complexions,) were well 
 contente to retourne, and prepared themselfe thervpon : and bycause the duke of Bur- 
 hone was laste that came, he retourned first, and toke his leaue of the kynge, and said, 
 howe he wolde returne by the realme of Nauerre : there were great gyftes gyuen liim or 
 he departed, and might haue had more if he wolde haue taken it, but he refused euery 
 thynge except mules and mulettes, and dogges of Spayne. Than it was publisshed that 
 all irenchmen might at their pleasure departe out of Spayne, and retourne into Fraunce; 
 but there taryed styll sir Olyuer of Clesquyn," constable of Spayne, and the marshals, 
 and a thre hundred spcares of Bretons, Poicteuyns, and Xayngtons. Thus the duke of 
 Burbone returned: whan he had taken his congy of the kynge and the queue, and of 
 other lordes of Castyle, he was conueyed to Groyne,** and so into Nauarre; and where 
 
 so 
 
 ! Coimbra. " Oporto. • Du Guesclin. * ' Logrono. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 311 
 
 so euer he came he was welcome and well receyued, for the duke of Burbone was gracy- 
 ous, curteyse, honorable, and well renomed : and the kynge of Nauer receyued him 
 louyngly, and neuer shewed any maner of yuell wyll towardes the frenche kynge, in 
 that he had taken away fro him his enherytauce of the countye of Eureux, in Normandy; 
 for he sawe well the frenche kyng that was as than nephewe to the duke of Burbon, was 
 in no defaute therof, for wha it was done he was but yonge ; but swetely he shewed the 
 duke all his busynesse, desyringe hym to be a good meane bytwene hym and his cosyn 
 the frenche kynge; the duke promysed hym so to be. Than the duke departed, and 
 passed thorough the realme of Nauer peasably, and all other suche as wolde passe ; and 
 thus they passed the mountayns of Rouseaulx,'' and all alonge the countrey of Bastelles," 
 and so entred into Bierne, and into Saluaterra." 
 
 Hoxue therle of Foize receyued honourably the duke of Burbon, and of the great giftes 
 thai he gaue him ; and how sir Willyam of Lygnac, and sir GauUier of Pas- 
 snckes copany departed out of Spayne ; and of the incydent that fortuned in the 
 tohme of saynl Phagon. 
 
 CAP. CVIII." 
 
 WHAN the Erie of Foyz, beynge at Ortays, vnderstode that the duke of Burbon 
 was at Saluaterra," he was glad therof; and sente for his knightes to be aboute him; and 
 on a day in great araye he rode with a fyue hundred knyghtes and squyers two leages 
 out of Ortays, and mette with the duke of Burbon, who in lykewyse rode with a great 
 rout of knyghtes and squiers, and there they met amyably, as great prynces ought to 
 do ; and whan they had comuned togyther a certayne space, (as it was shewed me,) 
 whan I was at Ortays, the erie of Foize drewe hym a parte in the felde with all his com- 
 pany, and the duke abode styll in another parte ; than the Erie sente to the duke thre 
 knyghtes, named syr Espayne de Lyon, sir Peter Capestan, and sir Menaunt of No- 
 walles; and whan they came before the duke, they sayd, Sir, here is a present that my 
 lorde the erle of Foiz hath sent to you at your returnynge out of Spayne, for he knoweth 
 well ye haue been at great dyspence : therfore syr, he dothe gyue you at your entring 
 into his countrey of Bierne, eyght thousande frankes, and this mulette, and two coursers, 
 and two palfreys. Syrs, quod the duke, 1 thanke the erle of Foyze, but as for the 
 floreyns, I wyll take none ; as for the other presente, I wyll receyue them with a good 
 wyll : thus the florens were refused, and the mules and horses receyued. Than the 
 erle of Foyz came to the duke, and brought hym into the towne of Ortays, and lodged 
 him in his owne place, and all other were lodged in tVie towne ; the duke was thre 
 dayes in Ortays, and had great chere with dyners and suppers ; and there the Erie of 
 Foize shewed y duke a great parte of his estate : on the fourthe daye the duke departed, 
 and the erle gaue to y knightes and squiers great gyftes : as it was shewed me, the 
 comynge thyder of the duke of Burbon coste the erle of Foize ten thousande frankes. 
 Thus the duke departed and went into Fraunce, and rode by Mountpelyer, and by 
 the cytie of Puy, and by the countye of Forestes, wherof he was lorde by the lady his 
 ■wyfe. 
 
 For all the departyng of y duke of Burbon, (as ye haue herde,) out of Spayne, sir 
 
 Willyam 
 
 * Roncevalles. ;■ Basques, ^- Sauveterre, t This chapter ought to be numbered CIV. 
 
312 THE CRONYCLE OF FR DISS ART. 
 
 Willyam Lignac, and sir Gaultier of Passac, departed nat so soone, nor the compa- 
 nyes to the nombre of a thre thousande speares, and syxe thousande of other men of 
 warre: and lytell and lyteli eiier they departed; they were many out of wages and wery 
 of the warres, and soretourned yuell horsed andyuell aparelled, all to torneand ragged: 
 the metynge with suche people was nothynge profytable, for they vnhorsed whome 
 soeuer they met, and made warre to all raarchautes, and to men of tlie churche, and to 
 poore people of the countre, where any thinge was to gette. These rutters sayde howe 
 the warre had vndone them, and howe the kynge of Castyle hadde yuell payed theym 
 their wages, wherfore they sayde they Avolde pay themselfe ; and surely suche cyties, 
 castels, and good townes, as were nat stronge in Castyle, douted them greatly ; and 
 agaynst them townes and cyties closed their gates for feare of parels, for all was hauocke 
 with them, without it were well defended. Suche knightes and squyers as came by the 
 erle of Foyze to se hym were well receyued, and had gyftes and rewardes gyuen 
 them ryght largely. As it was shewed, the comyng and retournynge of men of warre 
 that passed by therle of Foize for the sayd iourney, coste hym the some of xl. thousande 
 frankes. 
 
 This season there fell an incydent in the towne of saynt Phagon, in Spaygne, after 
 the departynge of the duke of Burbone, the whiche coste fyue hundred mennes lyues. 
 So it was, that whan sir Gaultier of Passac, and sir Willyam of Lignac, entred firste 
 into Spayne, their companyes spredde abrode into dyuerse places in the countrey, and 
 aboute the towne of saynte Phagon, whiche was a good plentuous countrey ; there were 
 many of tiie bretons, Poicteuyns, and Angeuyns, of Xainton, and men of the lowe 
 countreys : and whan they entred fyrste into saynt Phagon, they entred by syxe, ten, 
 fyftene, and twenty, so that at laste there were mo than fyue hundred of one and other, 
 maysters, and seruauntes ; and euer as they came they lodged themselfe, and pilled and 
 robbed their hostes, and brake vp cofers and cupbordes, and wolde take what they 
 foude ; and whan the citezyns sawe their demeanoure, to the entent that there shulde no 
 mo entre, whan these straungers were at their reste they cryed alarum in the towne, and 
 the spanyardes were redy for the same all the day before: and so they entred into the 
 lodginges where the straungers were, and as they were founde they were slayne without 
 pytie or mercye, and happy were they that were saued : the same nyght there were 
 slayne mo thanne fyue hundred. The nexte mornyng these tydinges came to the capy- 
 tayns that were comynge to the same towne warde ; than they drewe them togyder to 
 take counsayle, and the capitayns determyned that it was no tyme than to be reuenged, 
 for if they dyde they shulde fynde all other townes and cyties against them, wherof 
 their enerayes wolde be right ioyous : but they sayde that whan their voyage shulde 
 haue an ende, y in their retourning they wolde thanke them accordynge to their 
 desertes ; so they passed forwarde and spake nothynge therof, but they thought the 
 more. 
 
 Nowe than so it happed that whan euery man returned, except suche as were styll 
 abydinge with the constable, sir Olyuer of Clysson,^ and specially those of y lowe coun- 
 treys, whan they came togyder, they sayd eche to other: nowe lette vs paye for our 
 welcome that we had at saynt Phagon; lette vs quyte them at our departyng : to this 
 they were all agreed, and so gathered togyder to the some of a thousande fightynge 
 men, and they aproched saynt Phagon, and entred into the towne, (without any mys- 
 truste that they of the cytie had to them, for they trusted all thynges had ben forgoten ;) 
 the straungers cryed alarum in a hudred places, and cryed, slee the villayns of the 
 towne, and take all that they haue, for they haue well deserued it; thanne these bre- 
 tons and other entred into the howses where they thought to wyn moste, and brake vp 
 
 cofers, 
 
 " Du Guesclin. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 313 
 
 cofers, and slewe the me downe in euery place : they slewc the same day mo than foure 
 hundred, and the towne robbed and spoyled, and more than halfe brente, whiche was 
 sreat domage. Thus these rutters were reuenged for the dethe of their companyons, 
 and than they departed fro saynte Phagon. 
 
 Howe the ki/ng of Castell and his connsayle were yuell conlenle wilh sir Willyam of 
 Lignac, and sir Ganltier of Passackes cupany ; and liowe the duke of Lancastre 
 departed fro saynt Jaques to Bai/on. 
 
 CAP. CIX.' 
 
 TIDYNGES came to the king of Castyle howe these companyons had robbed and 
 pylled the good towne of saynt Phagon, and slayne the cytezyns to the nombre of a four 
 hudred, and nigh brent the towne : "and it was sayd that if the englysshemen had wonne 
 it with assaute, they wolde nat haue dauUe so cruelly as they dyd. The same tyme the 
 two knyghtes were present with the kynge, and they were greatly reproued by the kyng 
 and his counsayle : they excused them and sayd, as god might be their helpes, they 
 knewe nolhynge therof ; but they sayd, they had herde howe they were nat contente 
 with them of that towne, bycause whan they entred firste into the realme, and came to 
 saynte Phagon, there were certayne of their company slayne, which grudge by lykly- 
 hode they haue borne euer sythe in their hertes. It behoued the kyng of Castyle to let 
 this mater passe, for it wolde haue coste hym ouer moche to haue hadde it amended : 
 but he bare nat so good wyll to the capytayns after, as he dyd before, and that was well 
 sene ; for whan they departed and toke leaue of the kyng to retourne into Frauce, if he 
 had ben pleased with them, it ought to be supposed they shulde haue been better payed 
 of their wages than they were, for the duke of Burbone that came laste, and was firste 
 that departed, he and his company had all the chere, and well rewarded. Thus these 
 people issued out of Castyle by dyuerse wayes, some by Bisquay, and some by Aragon ; 
 suche as were noble and honeste knyghtes and squyers, and lyued well and kepte good 
 rule, they departed pore and yuell horsed : and suche as were hardy and aduentured to 
 robbe and pylle, they were well horsed, and well furnisshed with gold and syluer, and 
 their males full of baggage. Thus it falleth in suche aduentures : some wyn and some 
 lese. The kyng of Castyle was ioyfuU whan he sawe he was clene delyuered of suche 
 people. 
 
 Nowe let vs soniwhat speke of the duke of Lancastre, who laye sicke in his bed in the 
 towne of saynt James, and the duches his wyfe with hym, and his doughter Katheryn ; 
 it is to be thought that the duke day and nyght was nat without anoyaiice, for he sawe 
 his busynes in a harde parte, and many of his good knyghtes deed, suche as he with 
 moche payne had brought with him out of Englade : nor there was none that wolde 
 treate for any composicyon to be had bytwene hym and the kynge of Castyle, nor that 
 he wolde take the duches his wyfe for enheritour of Castell, nor gyue her any parte 
 thereof; but he herde his men saye, that they were enfourmed by pylgrymes that came 
 to saynt Jaques, oute of Flaunders, Brabant, Heynaulte, and other countreis, as they 
 came throughe the realme of Spaygne, they herde the men of warre saye to them: Sirs, 
 ye shall go to saynt Jaques, and there ye shall fynde the duke of Lacastre, who kepeth 
 his chambre for i'eare of v lyght of the sonne ; recomaunde vs to hym, and demaunde oi 
 
 Vol. II. " 2 S hym 
 
 ' This chapter ought to be numbered CV. 
 
314 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 hym ia oure behalfe if we liaue made hym fayre warre, or that he be cotent with vs or 
 nat? the Englisshmen were wont to say that we coude better dauce than make warre, but 
 nowe is y tyme come that they rest and synge, and we kepe the feldes, and our fronters, 
 in suche wyse that we lese nothing, nor take any domage. Suche tales were tolde to 
 the duke, and he toke all in worthe, for he had none other remedy : and as soone as he 
 myght ryde he departed, and y duches and his doughter, fro saynt Jaques: for the 
 kyng of Portugale had sente for hym by the erle of Noware," his constable, with a fyue 
 hudred speares : and with hym sir Johti Ferant, the Ponase of Congue," Ageas Coylle, 
 Venase'= Martyn de Malo, Galope Ferrant, sir Aulde Perre,'* Jean Nedighes de Fay,' 
 Cannes de Falnes, all barons: thus they departed fro Compostella, and so rode tyll 
 they came to the cytie of Porte ;* there the kynge and the quene of Portugale made them 
 good chere : and anone after, the kyng and the quene departed, and wente to Conym- 
 bres,8 a dayes iourney fro thens, and the duke taryed there a ii. monethes. In the 
 meane season he ordayned for all hisbusynesse, and hadde galyes of the kyng, and they 
 were apparelled, and had with hym the mayster patrone ofPortugale, named Alphons 
 Brecart ; and whan they sawe good tyme to take the see, y duke and all his entred into 
 their vesselles, and disacred and toke the see, and were within a day and a halfe of 
 Bayon, whiche was more than threscore and xii. leages of: and there the duke toke 
 ladynge, and founde nat there sir Johan HoUande, nor the other Englysshemen, for 
 they were departed and gone to Burdeux, and there toke shippyng, and so into Eng- 
 lande. The duke taryed at Bayon a longe space, and lyued there of the reuenewes 
 of Bayon, and Burdeux, and of the lande of Acquitayne, of all that was vnder 
 the obeysaunce of kyng Richarde of Englande, for he had commissyon suffycient 
 to receyue the profytes of all those landes, and was called duke and gouernour of 
 them. 
 
 Nowe lette vs leaue to speke a season of the duke of Lancastre, and of ^ Englysshmen, 
 and let vs treat of other maters. 
 
 Howe the erle of Armynake foke great payne to treale ivith the copanyons to departt 
 out of the realme of Fraunce. 
 
 CAP. ex." 
 
 IN this season the erle of Armynake was in Auuergne, and was intreatyng of the 
 companyons, suche as laye in fortresses in garyson, in Auuergne, Q_uercy, and Ly- 
 mosyn ; this erle hadde great desyre to cause these capitayns to departe out of the realme 
 of Fraunce, and to leaue suche holdes as they were in, for these lades were sore op- 
 pressed by them and greatly impouerisshed ; and so he was in comunycacion with them 
 all, except GefTray Teate Noyre, who helde Wenchadore' agaynst the erle of Army- 
 nake ; these sayd capitayns shulde receyue at one payment two hundred and I. thou- 
 sande frakes, and to paye this some the sayde landes were bounde, for they were glad 
 to be delyuered of these people: for otherwise they coude nat labour the erthe, nor oc- 
 cupy their feate of marchaundise, nor do any thyng for feare of these pyllers, without 
 they were patesed by them ; and y charge of their patesyng drewe well yerely to the 
 some that they shulde pay to haue them delyuered ; and thoughe tliese countreis had 
 
 warre 
 
 * Novaire. '' D'Acunha. ' Vasco. ' Alvarez Pereira. 
 
 * John Radiorhos de Sar. ' Oporto, ' Coimbra. '' This chapter 
 
 ought to be numbered CVI, ' Vcntadour. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 315 
 
 wane with the Englysshmen, yet there were amonore them but fewe of the nacyon of 
 Encrlancle, but theVe were Gascoyrjs, Bretons, Almayns, Foyzons, and men of dyuers 
 countreis, who vvere gathered toguyder to do yuell dedes : and whan the coposycions of 
 the redenipcion was made and agreed, they excepted Geffray Teate Noyre, and his for- 
 terers, for he wolde do nothynge for them. Than the erie of Armynake prayed the 
 erle Dolphyn of Auuergne, who was a great capitayne, that he shulde treate with y 
 sayd Gefihay, and that he wolde do so moche to go into Fraunce to the kyng and his 
 cousayle, the dukes of Berrey, and of Burgoyn, who as than had the gouernyng of y 
 realme, to haue their counsayle and assystence : for without their aduyse and agrement, 
 they durst reyse vp no tayle in the countrey : the Erie Dolphyn of Auuergne, at the 
 request of the erle of Armynake, toke his iourney to Paris: as than the kynge was nat 
 there, he was at Roane ;" thyder rode the erle, and there shewed all the mater to the 
 kyno;e and his counsayle, but he was nat shortely dispatched, for they douted the trea- 
 tie oT these people, and said : Sir erle Dolphyn, we knowe well that the erle of Army- 
 nake and you wolde right gladlye the honour and profyte of the realme, for your partes 
 lyeth therin, ye haue fayre landes there ; but we doute greatly that whan these capi- 
 tayns Gascoyns, Bernoyes, and other, be payed suche somes of money as the compo- 
 sicyon requyreth, wherby the countre shulde be enpouerisshed, y than within thre or 
 four monethes after they shulde retourne againe and make worse warre than they dyd 
 before, and entr'e agayne into these fortresses. Than the erle Dolphyn answered and 
 sayd, sirs, it is our ententes, the tayle cessed and gadered, that the money shall nat 
 passe out of Cleremonde, or Ryon, tyll we be certifyed and in suretie of these people. 
 Well, quod the dukes, we are content that the money be leuyed and put in sure kepyng 
 in some place in the same countre : for at the leest it shall serue to make them warre, if 
 they wyll nat come to some amyable treatie, and that the erle of Armynake, and you, 
 the bysshoppe of Cleremonde, and the bisshoppe of Puy, take ye the charge of this 
 mater, and do so as it may be for your honour, and profile to the coiitre. With right 
 a good wyll sir, quod the erle, and so departed fro the kyng and his vncles fro Roane,^ 
 and founde the erle of Armynake, his brother, at Cleremont, in Auuergne, with many 
 lordes of the countre, taryenge there vpon his commyng ; and there he shewed worde 
 for worde that he had with the freche kyng and his vncles, and the doutes that were 
 made in y mater: and howe it was their ententes that the tayle shulde be gadered, and 
 the money therof gadered toguyder and putte in suretie in some certayne place, tyll the 
 very entente of these pyllers might be knowen, who kepeth castels and garisons agaynst 
 the realme. The same is our entencion, quod the erle of Armynake ; and sithe it pleas- 
 eth the kynge and his counsayle, we shall go further in the mater: but for the more 
 suretie it must behoue vs to haue a good and a sure truse with the for all the countrey, 
 tyll the tayle be cessed and gadered. Than there were ambassadours assigned by the 
 erle of Armynake, to go and speke with Perot le Bernoys, and Amergot Marcell ; these 
 two were as souerayns of the fortresse that they helde on that syde the ryuer of Dur- 
 done, and also to speke with the Borge of Compaigne, with Bernarde of y Isles, with 
 Olyuer Barbe, abton with Seghewe,'' the lorde of Laenplayre,'' and dyuers other all 
 these capitayns acorded nat togyder, for that the one wolde, y other wolde nat. I shal 
 shewe you the reason why. 
 
 They were of dyuers opinyons, and of dyuers countreis ; they of Armynake, suche 
 as were vnder the obeysaunce of the Erie of Armynake, vvere soone agreed, but all the 
 other wolde nat be ruled by hym : for the chefe company of them, and suche as were 
 most renomed to vse grete robbery and pillery were oi' Bierne, and of the countie of Foiz ; 
 howbeit, 1 saye nat but that the erle of Foiz wolde the honour of the realme of Fraunce : 
 
 2 S 2 but 
 
 • Rouen. f Abton Seghin, ' Or I'Exemplaire. 
 
316 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 but whan he herde first howe the erle of Armynake dyde tieate with them for suche 
 fortresses as they helde in Auuergne, in Quercy, and in Lymosyn, as he that desyred 
 to knowe the hole substauce of the mater, demaunded of them that enfourmed hym 
 therof, what the erle of Armynake was mynded to do with y men that were in the gary- 
 sons, whan they were departed out of their holdes, and whyder he wolde set the in any 
 busynesse or nat ? Than he was answered, and it was said to hym. Sir, the erle of 
 Armynake wolde kepe them in wages, and occupy them into Lombardy: for as ye 
 Icnowe well his suster is maryed there, and before she had Gascone your sone : for it is 
 thought there shal be moche ado in Lombardy : whervnto the erle of Foiz gaue none 
 answere, but fell into other talkyng; howbeit, he thought neuerthelesse, (as it apered 
 after,) for he hadled the mater couertly : I shall shewe you howe. The erle of Army- 
 nake, for any treatie that he coude do to them that were of the countre of Bierne, or of 
 the teneurs of therle of Foiz, or suche as owed hym any fauour, coude neuer cause any 
 of them to agree to departe out of their garisons, nor wolde nat go nother to the erle of 
 Armynake, nor to Bernarde, his brother in lawe ; for therle of Foiz, who was full of 
 great prudence, consydred that these two lordes of Armynake, and there cosyns, and 
 with the labriciens," were puissaunt men, and sawe howe they gate them frendes on 
 euery parte, he thought they shulde nat be renforsed with them that ought to serue 
 hym: and one thynge that was reasonable the Erie of Foiz ymagined, sir Espaygne de 
 Leon shewed it me whan I was at Ortays, and in lykewise so dyde the erle of Compane, 
 capitayne of Carlot, in Auuergne, and also so dyde the Bourge of Englande: they 
 sayd howe the erle of Foiz regarded howe he had had open warre with them of Army- 
 nake, thoughe it were peace bytwene them, (as than.) Avhiche was but a truese, the 
 whiche was dyuers tymes renewed bytwene theym : therfore he thought that if the erle 
 of Armynake had all those companyons vnder his gouernaunce, his warres shulde be 
 the fayrer, so that the armynakes, and the labricience,* with their alyes, myght do hym 
 a great displeasure. 
 
 This was the cause that suche as owed fauour to therle of Foiz, wolde nat agre to the 
 erle of Armynake ; howebeit, they made the beleue that they wolde, but they dyd but 
 dissemble, for they brake all their apoyntmetes; howebeit, they rode nat abrode so 
 moche as they dyde before, wherby alwayes the Erie of Armynake thought to haue 
 come to his purpose ; they that agreed to hym were Perotte de Bernoys, who helde the 
 stronge castell of Salucette, whiche is chefe and soueraygne of all Auuergne, and Ly- 
 mosyne, for their patesyng endured to Rochell ; and also Guyllyam of saynt Foye, who 
 helde the castell of Bouteuyll, and also Margote'' Marcell, who helde Loysse, before 
 saynt Flour, in Auuergne, and the Bourge of Compaygne, and the Englysshe Bourge, 
 who helde Carlolfe ; Margote'' Marcell sayde he was contente, so that he myght haue 
 in lykewise Perotte Bernoys, and Gefl'ray Teate Noyre, who helde Vadachore,' who 
 was souerayne aboue all other ;'' but he dyde but mocke and dissemble the mater, for he 
 disdayned to fall to any treatie of the erle of Armynakes, or of any other : for he thought 
 his castell imprignable, and well prouyded for seuyn or eyght yeres, for he had a 
 passage or two that coude nat be taken fro hym, but that he myght issue whan he lyste, 
 to refresshe hymselfe and his company. This Geffray wrote hymselfe in his saue- 
 conductes, Geffray Teate Noyre, duke of Vandachore,*^ erle of Lymosyn, lorde and 
 soueraygne of all the capitayns of Auuergne, Rouergue, and Lymosyn. 
 
 Now let vs leaue to speke of these maters of Hirre coutreis, tyll we haue cause to re- 
 turn e 
 
 • Partisans of D'Albreth. '■ Amcrigot. ' Ventadonr. '' This passage 
 
 is mistranslated : it ought to be "lie could have Amerigot Marcel when he pleased (as he said,) but 
 he wished to have Perot le Beaiuois, and Geffrey Tete noir, who occupied Veniadour, and was the 
 sovereign of them all." 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 317 
 
 turne therto agayne. And nowe I wyll speke of matters iierer home, as of myne owne 
 nacyon, (as itliathben shewed here before,) whan I treated of the ende of the warre of 
 Flaunders, and of the charter of peace that the duke of Ihirgoyne, and the duchesse 
 dydegyue andgraunt, and sealed to them of Gaunt, in the good towne and noble cytie 
 of Tourney. Therfore nowe to enforce our mater and history, Ave wyll speke nowe of 
 the warres of Guerles,^ and of Brabant ; and 1 am quickened so to do, bycause that the 
 Frenche kyng, and the duke of Burgoyne, (to Avhom the mater greatly touched, by the 
 insydentes that gendred therby,) were fayne to set to their hades to the same warre, and 
 to come to the bottom therof. And to contynue at length the true hystorie and mater, I 
 saye thus as foloweth. 
 
 Howe the erle Reynolde of Guerles,^ who had layde all his landes in guage, and wi/st 
 ■nat what to do, cue for refuge to the archebysshoppe of Colcygne, his Vncle, who 
 blamed hym : and howe ambassadours wenle to BerthauUe, of Malygnes" 
 
 CAP. CXI/ 
 
 A LONGE season it was that they of Guerles," and they of Brabant, had grete 
 hatered toguyder, and so dyd the countreis to them adioyninge, by reason of certayne 
 bondes one agaynst another ; and the moost hatered that the brabanders had to the duke 
 of Guerles,* and to his heyres, was for the towne of Graue, whiche the dukes of Guerles* 
 had holden perforce a longe season agaynst the brabansoys : for they sayd, bycause y the 
 towne of Graue stode on that syde of the ryuer of Meuse, towardes Brabant, that the 
 duke of Guerles' helde it wrongfully ; and before y tyme dyuers comunycacions had 
 been, and poyntmentes taken; howbeit, alwayes the guerloys stacke in their hertes. 
 Also y guerloys hated the brabasoys, bycause of thre fayre castels y were on that syde 
 the ryuer, as Gaulech, Buthe, and NuUe:' whiche castelles the duke of Brabat helde 
 also perforce, and by reasone, (as in redynge I shall begynne at the duke of Guerles,)* 
 these hatereddes were often tymes renewed bytwene them of Guerles,' and Brabant ; 
 and it was supposed by dyuers knightes and squyers that knewe of their dedes of armes, 
 that if sir Edward of Guerles/ who was slayne by a marueylous incydent at the batayle 
 of Julyers, by y shote of an archer that was Aviththe duke Vyncelant of Boeai,^ duke of 
 Lusenbourge, or of Brabante, if he had lyued, (with that that his men had had the 
 vyctorie,) he hadde come to his entente in gettyng agayne the thre castelles : for he was 
 so valiant a man and so hardy, that he wolde haue conquered them agayne. 
 
 Nowe I wyll declare, (as I haue promysed,) how and in what maner these foresayd 
 castelles came into the sigaorie of the brabaiisoys, and first I wyll begyn with the dukes 
 of Guerles." 
 
 In the tyme whan I wrote and ordayned this hystorie, there was an Erie of Guerles," 
 called Raynolde,^ and bycause that Guerles' is no riche countre, nor so great as the 
 duchy of Brabant, this erle came to his lande a yonge man, and had a f re wyll to dis- 
 pende largely, and thought full lytell of the ende that niyght come after : he cared for 
 nothynge but for to accomplysshe his pleasure, and haunted iustes and tourneys to his 
 gret cost, to gette hym renome ; and euery yere he spended four tymes as moche as the 
 
 value 
 
 » Gueldres. '' Reginald of Gueldres. -^Mechlin. ■» This chapter ought 
 
 to be numbered CVIL ' Gambet, Buet, and M\\\e..—Johnes. ^ Winceslaus of Boheaii8> 
 
 « Reginald. 
 
318 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 value of the reiienewes of his landes ; he boro^ved of the lombardes in dyuers places, he 
 was so lyberall and outra<j;ious ; he ran so in dette, that he coulde nat ayde hymselfe 
 with any thynge that he had, so that his parentes and frendes greatly blamed hym, and 
 speciallye an vncle of his liy iiis mothers syde ; he came of the house of Orcle, and was 
 archebysshop of Coleygne, who sayde to hym in maner of gyueng hym counsayle : My 
 I'ayre nephewe Raynolde,' ye haue so demeaned youreselfe, that nowe ye are become a 
 poore manne, and your lades lyeth in pledge in dyuers places, and throughe all the 
 worlde there is but lytell accompte made of poore lordes ; thynke you that suche as haue 
 hadde these great giftes of you and profite wyll rendre it againe? as god ayde me, no ; 
 but whan they se you in this poore case, and haue no more to gyue them, they wyll flye 
 fro youre company, and mocke you and youre foule larges : ye shall fynde them no 
 frendes ; thynke nat though I be bysshoppe of Coleyne, that I ought to breke or mynisshe 
 myne estate to heipe you, nor to gyue you of the patrimony of my churche ; surely I 
 wyll nat do it, nor my conscyence sliall neuer agre therto, nor also y pope nor the car- 
 dynals wyll nat suffre it ; therle of Heynault hath nat behaued hymself, (as ye haue 
 done,) who hath gyuen Margarett, his eldest doughter, in maryage to the kynge of Al- 
 mayne, Loys of Bauyers,' and yet he hath thre other, he wyll marry them all highly ; 
 yf ye hadde well borne yourselfe, and nat haue layde your herytage to pledge, nor put 
 out of your hades none of your castels nor townes, ye might ryzt well haue fortuned to 
 haue had one of his doughters in maryage : but in the case ye be in now, ye shall neuer 
 come therto ; ye haue, (as nowe,) nother townes nor castels that ye maye endowe any 
 woman withall, nat so moche as a poore lordshyppe. This erle of Guerles" was sore 
 abasshed with the wordes of the bysshop, his vncle, for he knew well he shewed hym 
 but trouthe, and than for loue and kyndred he desyredde his counsayle. Counsayle, fayre 
 nephue, quod the bysshop, it is to late ; ye wyll close faste the stable whan the horse is 
 loste ; howebeit, I se in all your busynesse but one remedy. What remedy, quod the 
 erle ? I shall shewe you, quod the bysshoppe. 
 
 Berthaulte of Malygnes,"* (who is as nowe renomed the rychest man of syluer and 
 golde that is knowen in any place, by reason of the course of marchaundise that he 
 vseth, bothe by lande and by see : he occupyeth to Damas,'' to Cayre,'and to Alexadre ; 
 his galyes and marchaudyse are worthe an hundred thousande floreyns,) hath to pledge 
 parte of your herytage ; this Berthault hath a fayre doughter to mary, and he hath no 
 mo chyldren ; great and high barons of Almaygne^ in those marches haue desyred her 
 in maryage for themselues and for their sonnes: this I knowe well, and yet they coude 
 neuer come to their entetes, for some he refused, and some he thought nat worthy ; 
 wherfore I wolde counsayle you y ye shulde treate with this Berthault, desyring to haue 
 his doughter in maryage, so y he wyll redeme all your landes and paye all your dettes, 
 and bring agayne into your hades, your townes, castelles, and lordshippes, perteyning 
 vnto your herytaunce ; and I suppose bycause ye be of an high lynage, and of great sig- 
 norie, and haue many townes, cyties, and castels, bytwene y ryuers of Meuse and Ryne, 
 that he wyll enclyne to your request. Sir, quod therle of Queries,' ye counsayle me 
 truely, and I shall so do. Than after, therle of Guerles' assembled togider his cousayle 
 and frendes, suche as loued hym best, and discouered his entent to them, and desyred 
 them to go in his name to y sayd Berthault of Malignes,'' and to treate honorably with 
 hym for that mater. Whan these knightes and clerkes came to Berthalt, sent fro the 
 erle of Guerles,' he made them good chere, and made them a curtesse answere, and 
 said he wolde take aduysement. And he was riche beyond measure, as worthe a v. or 
 sixe hudred M.'' florens, and desyred the aduaucement of his doughter, thynkynge that 
 
 he 
 
 ' Reginald. ' " of Germany, Lewis of Bavaria." ' Gueldres. *■ Meclilin. 
 
 • Damascus. ' Cairo. ^ Germany. *' Millions. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 319 
 
 he wyst nat where to mary her more highly, tha to therle of Guerles,^ (thought to ac- 
 cepte this maryage :) but or he fuUye assented therto in hymselfe, he had dyuers ymagi- 
 nacions, and cast many doutes, and sayd to hymselfe : yf I mary my doughter to this 
 Erie, and he haue chyldren by her, and than she happen to dye, as all thynges fall 
 dayly, than he that shal be made riche with my goodes, and put againe into possessyon 
 of his townes and castelies, happe to mary agayne secondly into some hrgh blode, and 
 haue children agayne by her, those chyldren than comynge out of noble lynage by their 
 mothers syde, shall be more made of than y chyldren issued of my doughter ; yea, and 
 moreouer lyke to be dysenheryted : wherfore without this be artycled, 1 wyll neuer con- 
 sent therto ; howbeit, I wyll answere these messangers that their comyng pleaseth me 
 greatlye, and that my doughter shulde be happy if she myght coe to so great a perfec- 
 tion, as to be conioyned in maryage to the erle of Guerles," thoughe it shulde cost me 
 right derely, so that y maters were clere ; but as nowe euery man knoweth well they be 
 nat clere, but in sore trouble; and also he hath forfayted all his herytage bytwene the 
 ryuers of Meuse and Ryne : wherfore to be quyte of this, euery man maye se clerely he 
 demaundeth my doughter in maryage, and if I gyue her to hym, I wyll knowe howe it 
 shall be; and also, if case that my doughter haue sonne or doughter by hym, I wyll 
 know if they shal be heyres of Guerles^ or no, for any other maryage that the erle may 
 happe to haue after ; and of this alyauce I wyll haue good suretie of hym, and of them 
 that be next of his blode, and of suche as haue any ryght to demaunde any successyon in 
 the countie of Queries," and also promyse of the noble men and good townes of the 
 countre. Thus Berthaulte of Malygnes'' determyned hymselfe to make answere to therle 
 of Guerles' comyssyoners. 
 
 The next daye at an hour assigned the erles messangers came to Berthaldes lodgynge, 
 and there he shewed well that he was a ryche man ; Berthault mette them in his hall, 
 and swetely recyned the, and spake to them merilye, and than ledde them into a fayre 
 chambre apparelled and dressed, and it had ben for a kyng, and had there about hym 
 some of his frendes; and whan they were all there assembled, and the doore closed, 
 than Berthaulte desyred them to shewe the cause of their comynge, wliervpon he wolde 
 make them a fynall answere, and so they dyd ; and the deane of Coleygne, a ryght sage 
 Gierke, and cosyn to the erle of Guerles," spake, and there shewed tlieffecte of their 
 ambassade, in suche wyse that it was ioye to here hym. Of his wordes, nor of his re- 
 quesles, I nede nat to speke any more, for they haue ben shewed here before, and 
 touched at length. Than Berthaulte answered as he had deuysed in hymselfe the day 
 before, and sayd, Fayre lordes, I repute myselfe gretly honored, and my doughter also, 
 if we might come to so hygh an enterprise as the erle of Guerles" desyrelh: and whan a 
 mater is begon, it wolde nat be prologed : I saye this bycause that alyaunce by maryage 
 made bytwene the hyghe prince and redouted lorde the erle of Guerles,' and Mary my 
 doughter, pleaseth me right well : ye make me request that his landes, fwhiche at this 
 presente tyme are so sore charged and layde to pledge in the handes of certayne lom- 
 bardes and other,) by reason of this maryage shulde be quyt, and that I shulde rydde 
 hym out of dette, and all thynges that are nowe darke, I shulde make them clere; I 
 thanke god of his puissaiice that it lyeth in me thus to do, and I am in good wyll so to 
 do; but first or this couenaunt be fully agreed, written or sealed, that I maye be in 
 suretie without trouble or debate, that y chyldren comyng of my doughter maye be en- 
 herytours to the Eridome of Guerles,'' as the lymites therof do stretche ; and that if my 
 lorde therle of Guerles^ fortune to dye before my doughter, wout issue bytwene them, 
 that than my doughter may enioye the herytage of Guerles* duryng her lyfe, and alter 
 her dyscease to returne to y rightful! heyre : and also I saye, if my doughter haue heyre. 
 
 or 
 
 ' Gueldres. ^ Mechlin. 
 
320 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 or heyres by my lorde tlierle, and than she fortune to dye, thoughe the erie than Te- 
 rnary againe the seconde tyme, and haue issue by the seconde wyfe, yet for all that my 
 doughters heyre or heyres shall nat be disheryted ; howbeit, if it please the erle to Te- 
 rnary agayne, I am contente that lie make his seconde vvyfe a dower of all suche landes 
 as he hath beyond the ryuer of Muse, marchyng to the bysshoprike of Liege and to the 
 duchy of Brabant, and nat to charge the princypall signorle of Guerles :^ and thus if the 
 erles frendes and parentes, and suche as be next of blode, and haue any chalenge to the 
 signory of Guerles" with the good townes of the countrey, wyll scale to vpholde these 
 deuyses and couenautes, than I am cotent and wyll assent to this maryage. Ye may 
 nowe answere to this, if ye haue any charge so to do. Than the knyghtes answered, 
 whan they had a lytell counsayled toguyder. Than one for them allsayd, sir, we haue 
 well herde your answere, but we haue none auctorite to confyrme nor to graunt so far 
 forthe as ye demaunde; but we shall retourne to our lorde therle and tohis cousaile, 
 and Siiewe hym your answere and demaude, and shortely ye shall here fro hym 
 agayne. Than Berthalte said, sirs, as god wyll, so be it. Thus they departed out of 
 the chambre. 
 
 Howe the erle Rai/nolde of Giierles" was viatyed to Marr/, doughler to Berthault of 
 Malignes," by who he had a doughler, and after maried agayne in Englande, and 
 had issue two sonnes and a doughler ; and howe sir Johan of Bloyes wedded iheldest 
 doughler of the erle of Queries;'' and howe after the coiitie of Guerles'' remayned 
 with therle of Guerles^ yongest daughter. 
 
 CAP. CXW 
 
 YE haue well herde all the answers and demaundes bytwene the foresaid parties, 
 wherfore I speke no more therof ; but (as ye haue herde) Avhan therle of guerles' mes- 
 sangers were returned home agayn, the erle was hoote in the mater, for he sawe well he 
 coude as than do no better tha to mary Berthalt of Malygnes' doughter, he was so riche 
 a man. Than the erle and his counsaile made and deuysed writynges sufficient, and 
 therle set to his scale, and his next fredes and paretes : in lykewise so dyd other knightes 
 of Guerles' and good townes ; and whan all was confyrmed and done as Berthaulte was 
 content, y maryage was made, and the erles dettes payde, and his landes clerely quytte 
 out of daunger. Than the erle toke newe counsayle, and began a newe lyfe and state ; 
 if he were called good before, he was named better after, for than he had well wher- 
 with; he lacked nothyng of that Berthault of Malygnes' myght ayde hym: the erle 
 bare hym to his wyfe ryglit honourably, for she was a fayre lady, good, sage, deuout, 
 and prudent; but they were nat toguyder past a four yeres but that the lady dyed, and 
 she had a doughter called Isabell. Whan therle of guerles^ was a wydower he was but 
 yong ; than he maryed agayne ryght highly : for kynge Edwarde of Englande, father to 
 the good kyng Edwarde, who beseged Tourney and wanne Calis, he gaue to this erle 
 Raynolde a doughter of his, named Isabell : and by her this erle had thre chyldren, 
 two sonnes and one doughter, sir Raynolde and sir Edwarde, and Jane," who afterwarde 
 wasduches of Guerlers ;^ for in lykewise as Bertram of Malignes' had ymagined in the 
 begynnyng, whan his doughter maryed the erle of Guerles,^ "euyn so it fell, for there 
 was no trouthe kepte to hym ; for whan kynge Edwarde of Englande, who was vncle to 
 the erle of Guerles^ chyldren came first into Almayne^ to the Emperour Loyes of 
 
 BauyerSj 
 
 * Gueldres; '' Reginald of Gueldres. 'Mechlin. '' This chapter ought to 
 
 be numbered CVIII. 'Joan. ' Berthault of Mechhn. « Germany. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 321 
 
 Bauyers," whiche Emperonr instyfutfcl kvnge Edwarde to be his vicar general throughe 
 all the marches of the Eni[)ire, as it is conteyned in the begyniiyng of this boke: than 
 the coutie < f Gueries'' was made a duchy, and the countie of Julyers was made marques 
 of Julyers, to augment their dignities: and, to come to our mater: the duke Raynolde 
 of Gueries,'' nephue to kynge Edwarde, dyed without issue; and sir Edwarde of 
 Gueries'' was maryed in Heynanh. and had to wyfe the yongest doughter of duke Aubert ; 
 but the lady was so yonge, thai this sir EdAvarde neuer touched her carnallye; and so 
 this sir Edwarde also dyed withonle issue, who was a ryght valyaunt knight; he was 
 slayne in the batayle y was byiwene the duke of Brabant and duke Wincelant" before 
 Julyers. His suster Jane,'' who was maryed to duke Guylliam of Julyers, had chyl- 
 dren ; and she, by successyon of her bretherne, said and toke vpon her to be heyre to 
 the duchy of Gueries ;'' and in Ivkewyse so dyde her eldest suster by the firste maryage ; 
 for the two bretherne by the seconde maryage were bothe deed, withoute laufull issue : 
 Avherfore she s lyde, she was enlici vtoure. Thus fell the difference bytwene the two sus- 
 ters ; and some of the connlrey wolde haue the one, and some the other: and the 
 eldest suster was counsayled to mary into some high lygnage, that myght ayde her cha- 
 lenge and defende her herytage. Than there was treatie made by the bysshoppe of 
 Coloygne that was than, to the lorde sir Johan of Bloyes, for therle Loyes his brother 
 as than lyued ; and the bysshoppe sayd, that he shulde therby be duke of Gueries;'' for 
 by successyon of the two bretherne deed without issue male, therfore, by right of ma- 
 nage, y right shuld retourne to her, for none other coude chalege any right but she ; and 
 sir Johan of Bloyes, who alwayes had ben nourisshed and brought vp in the parties of 
 Hollande and zelande (for there he had fayre herytage, and had the language of that 
 countre, and he neuer had wyll to mary in Frauce) layde his eare gladlye to this treaticj 
 and sawe well he myght therby haue great possessios in the marches that he loued beste ; 
 and also the knyghtes of Hollande that were of his counsayle counsayled hym therto. 
 So he accepted that maryage ; but first or he wolde conclude, he sayd he wolde ryde 
 into Heynault and Quesnoy, to speke with his cosyn the duke Auberte, to se what coun- 
 sayle he wolde gyue hym : but to saye trouthe, duke Aubert wyst nat what to counsayle 
 hym ; and if he dyd, he made no semblaunt therof, but dissymuled the mater a lytell: 
 so that sir John of Bloyes wolde no lengar tarye to haue his counsayle, but toke his 
 horse and retourned as soone as he coude into Gueries,'' and wedded this lady, and dyd 
 put her in possession of the countre ; but some there were that wolde nat receyue hym 
 to their lorde nor her to their lady ; for the moost parte of the knyghtes and squiers 
 and good townes of the countre helde with the duchesse of Julyers: for that lady hadde 
 fayre chyldren, wherfore they of Gueries loued her the better. 
 
 Thus sir John of Bloys had his wyfe and possessyons, whiche cost hym moche after, 
 for the erle Loys his brother dyed, and than he was erie of Bloyes and lorde Dauenes in 
 Heynault, and had all the landes in Hollande and zelande, and had in the sayd couties 
 great herytage : and alwayes his cousayle counsayled hym to pursue for his ryght that 
 he ought to haue by liis wyfe in Gueries,'' and so lie dyde to his power ; but the 
 almayns are so couetous, they wolde make no warre for hym no lengar than his money 
 endured; and the chalenge y he made to the duchy of Gueries'' dyd him neuer profyte 
 but great domage. Than dyed this gentyil knight sir Johan of Bloyes, in the casteri 
 and towne of Eslone Houe,' the yere of our lorde god a thousande thre hundred four- 
 score and one, in y moneth of June, and was buryed in the freres at Valencenes, besvde 
 sir Johan of Heynault, his grandfather; and than was his brother, sir Guy of Bloyes, 
 erle, and helde all the landes bv ryght successyon y his two bretherne had helde, 
 
 Vol. II. ' ' 2 T ' ' as 
 
 ' Bavaria. " Gueldres. ' VVinceslaus, ' Joan. ' Schoonhoven. 
 
^22 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 as well in Fraunce, Picardy, Heynalt, Hollande, and zelande, as in the countie of 
 Bloyes. 
 
 I knowe nat howe many yeies after, the lady dyed, who had ben wyfe to therle John 
 of Bloys : her suster the duches of Juliers abode pesably duches of guerles." It was or- 
 dayned, by thaccorde of tlie countre, and at the request of the knightes and good townes 
 of the duchy ol' Guerles,^ y they shulde take to their lorde, sir Willyam of Juliers, 
 eldest son to the duke of Juliers, for the lade came to hym rightfully by succession of 
 hisvncles; and by reason therofduke Aubcrt and y duches his wyfe gaue hym tliere 
 doughter in maryage, who before had ben maried to sir Edward of Guerles :^ thus the 
 lady was doughter of Heynault and duches of Guerles ■." and whan she maried tlie duke 
 of Guerles,^ Sonne to the duke of Julyers, they were bothe of one age; wherfore the 
 maryage was the more agreable. This yong duke of Guerles^ held hym in his owne 
 countrey, and thelder he waxed, the more he loued dedes of armes, as iustes and tour- 
 neys ,• and alwayes the duke was rather Englysshe than freche, and that he shewed well 
 as long as he lyued; and alwayes he bare in his mynde the yuell wyll that his prede- 
 cessours had to the duchy of Brabant, and alwayes he souglit occasion hovv he might 
 make warre there for two reasos ; the one, bycause he was alyed by faylhe and homage 
 to kyng Richarde of Englande ; tlie other was bycause Wyncelant of Boesme,'' duke of 
 Luseburge'' and of Brabant, had bought of therle of Mors, a great lorde in Almavne," the 
 thre foresaid castelles, the whiche I shall name agayne to quicken the mater : Gaulech, 
 Buth, and Nulle,'' on the other syde of the ryuer of Muse, in the lande of Falquemount ; 
 whiche castels aunciently parteyned toy duke of guerles," and he was enherytour to the; 
 and therfore the yog duke Willyam of Juliers, duke of guerles," was sore displeased that 
 he might nat recouer his herytage. i\s long as duke Wyncelant'' of Brabat lyued, he 
 spake no worde therof. Nowe shall I shewe you howe it fortuned, to thentent the mater 
 shulde be y clerer to be vnderstanded. 
 
 Howe these castelles of Gaulecli, Bulk, and Mull^^ came to the duke of Brabant ; and 
 horve the duke of Jnliers suslei/ned the linfars in his coutre, who robbed all maner 
 of people ; and of the great assemble that the duke of Brabant made to go to 
 Julj/ers, and lioiuc he was discdfi/ted. 
 
 CAP. CXIII.'' 
 
 SO it was that duke Reynolde of Guerles," cosyn germayne to the prince of Guerles," 
 and his brother had before that enguaged the thre forsaid castels for a some of florens, to 
 an high baron of Almayn," called therle of Mors : this erle helde these castels a season, 
 and whan he saw y he coude nat get his money that he had lende on them, he was sore 
 displeased, and sent suffycient s5monynge to the duke Raynolde of Guerles." The duke 
 made no compte therof, for he had nat wherwith to redeme them agayne ; and when the 
 erle of Mors sawethat, he came toy duke of Brabant, and treated with hym to haue agayn 
 'his money for the sayde castelles. The duke herde hym well, bycause the castels 
 inarched on the lande of Faulquemout, of the whiche lade he was lorde, for y duke was 
 glad to encrese hisenheritauce, as he that thought wel to ouer lyue y lady Jane,Muches 
 of Brabant, liis wife: and so he gate Ito his possession y said thre castelles ; and in the 
 first he set the lorde of Kalle to be as chefe souerayne: and whan this duke of Guerles" 
 
 was 
 
 " Gueldres. '' Winceslaus of Bohemia, duke of Luxembourp;. ''Germany. '' Gambet, 
 
 Buet, and Mille. — Jolmes. ' This chapter ought to be numbered CIX, ' Joanna. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 323 
 
 was deed, than sir Edwarde of Guerles' toke on hym the herytage, and sent to y duke of 
 Brabant, ambassadors, desyring hym that he might haue agayne the thre castelles for the 
 money that was payde for the. The duke wolde make no suche bargayne, but denyed 
 it: with whiche answere sir Edwarde of Guerles^ was nat content, and dalte hardely 
 ^vith the wydowe, the lady Isabell of Brabant, yonger suster to the duches, whiche lady 
 had wedded the duke Raynolde of Guerles:" but thus he troubled her for her dowrie. 
 The lady wente into Brabant, and complayned her to the duke of Brabant her brother 
 and to the duchesse, howe that sir Edwarde of Queries' dyde her great wronge and 
 iniury, and bycause there was a grudge bytwene the Brabansoys and the guerloys for 
 the lande and towne of Grance,'' which was in Brabant on that syde the ryuer of Muese, 
 therfore the duke and the brabansoys were more enclyned to ayde the lady : and on a 
 day there were assembled togyder at the callyng of the duke o( Brabant a great nobre of 
 men of warre, a xii. hundred speares: and sir Edwarde of Guerles" made his assemble 
 on the other parte, and were in that case that it was likely to haue had a batayle bytwene 
 them ; but the duke Aubert, the duke of Mours, and the duke of Jullyers mette togyder 
 by a treatie ; and so this assemble departed asondre wout any thyng doyng. The same 
 yere y duke Wyncelant of Brabant ouerthrewe the companyons in the coutrey of Lusen- 
 burge," who had greatly wasted that lande, and putte many to exyle : and in the towre 
 of the castell of Lusenburge" dyed their souerayne capitayne, called the lytell Meslyn : 
 and also in y same yere sir Charles of Boesme'' who as than raigned and was kynge of 
 Almaygne' and emperour of Rome, instytuted duke Wyncelat of Boesme,'' and made 
 hym souerayne regarder, by an instytucion and ordynaunce called in Almayne,' Le 
 langue fride; that is to saye, holding the couert and sure wayes ; so that all maner of 
 people myght go and come, and ryde fro towne to towne surely and in sauegarde : and 
 the Emperour gaue hym a great parte of the lande and countrey of Dauffay,' on bothe 
 sydes the ryuer of Ryne, to defende hym therin agaynst the lynfars, who were a maner 
 of people ryght peryllous, and great robbers without pytie : and also the Emperour 
 gaue hym the souerayntie of the good and ryche cytie of Straubourcke,^ and made him 
 Marques of the holy Empyre, to augment therby his estate : and surely he coulde nat 
 gyue hym to moche, for this Duke Wyncelant was lyberall, swete, courtesse, amyable, 
 and noble in armes, and was likely to atchyue many thynges if he hadde lyued long: 
 but he dyed in the floure of his youthe ; wherof I that haue written this hystorie make 
 great complaynt for hym that he lyued no lengar but tyll he was a xxiiii.yere of age. 
 The scisme that was in the churche greatly displeased hym, and that he shewed me 
 often tymes, for I was priue of his acquayntauce : in that in my dayes I traueyled a 
 great parte of the worlde, two great princes I knewe, and non more huble nor tretable 
 than they were (that was this noble prince one, and the other my good mayster the lorde 
 Guy of Bloys, who comaunded me to make this hystorie) : these two princes were in 
 my dayes, and were full of humilyte, larges, and bountie, without any malyce : they 
 lyued lyberally of their owne, without oppressynge their people, or reysing vp of any 
 yuell customes in their lades. 
 
 Nowe let vs retourne to the pythe of the mater that I haue begone. 
 
 Whan y duke of Julyers and sir Edwarde of Guerles," who called theselfe bretherne 
 and their hertes good Englisshe, for they had ben long alyed with y kyng of Englande, 
 and with loue and fauour had alwayes ayded them in their warres : whan they savve 
 that the duke of Brabant hadde so hygh a signory as to be lorde and souerayne regarder 
 by the Emperour, and was chiefe correctour of all mysdoers and robbers that he founde 
 lyueng by the highe wayes of Almaygne,^ they had therat indygnacion and enuy ; nat 
 
 2 T 2 for 
 
 • Gueldres. •' Grave. ^ Luxembourg. ' Bohemia. " Germany. 
 
 ' D'Aussay. — D. Sauvage. '• Strasburgh. 
 
324 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 for that he dyde well and helde iustyce, and corrected yuell doers ; but of that he had 
 the souerayne regarde and sijrnory ouer lague fride, whiche was parte in their lande : 
 whiche offyce was first instytued y marchautes might pesably passe fro Brabant to Hey- 
 jiault, to Fhiunders, to Frauce, or fro Liege to Coleyn, and to other cyties, townes, and 
 fortresses of A hnayne ;'' and nother marchauntes nor other coulde nat passe nor entre 
 into Almayne" by the landes and daungers'' of the duke of Julyers and y duke of 
 Guerles : and soo it was, that certayne robbers were in the wayes of Linfars, and it 
 were they that had done the vyolence and passynge through the landes of the duke of 
 Juliers. It was shewed me that the duke had lente them horse and castels. Great 
 complayntes came to duke Wyncelanf^ of Brabant and of Luzenbourge, who as than 
 was at Bruselles, howe that the Languefryde, wherof he was souerayne regarder and 
 keper, was broken and violated ; and howe they that dyde that vyolence, and robbed 
 the countrey, soiourned and euer retourned into the duchy of Julyers. The duke of 
 Brabante (who as than was yonge and lusty, and puyssaunte of lynage and of landes) 
 toke in great dispyte the offences that his people had complayned of, and said how he 
 wolde fynde some remedy, seynge he had in charge to kepe and defende the Langue- 
 fride ; he wolde nat that through his neclygence he shulde take any reproche or blame ; 
 and to conclude his dede, and to sette reason in their demaunde, and by the counsayle 
 and aduyse that he had, he senle to the duke of Julyers notable persones, as the lorde 
 of Urquon, lorde of Bourgueuall, syr Scelar, archedecon of Heynalt, Geffrey de la 
 towre, great rowter of Brabante, and other, shewyng to him in wyse and swete maner 
 the offence, whiche greatly toucheth and is preiudyciall to the duke of Brabante, who is 
 keper and souerayne regarder of the Languefride. The duke of Julyers faynlely ex- 
 cused hymselfe, for by that he shewed, he had as lefe haue had the warre as the peace ; 
 so that the duke of Brabantes messangers were nat well cotent, and so toke their leaue of 
 the duke of Juliers, and retourned and shewed the duke of Brabant all as they had 
 herde and sene. Whan the duke herde that, he demauded what was best to do? He 
 was aunswered by his cousayle, sayenge, sir, ye knowe best yourselfe. Well, quod the 
 duke, and I save y it is my entensyon that I wyll nat slepe so in this blame, nor that it 
 shall be said that for slouth or faynte hert, that I shulde suffre vnder my sauegarde rob- 
 bers to do vilanyes and robories vnpunysshed. I shewe and wyll shewe to my cosyn of 
 Juliers and to his aydes, that this mater toucheth me nere. This duke cooled nat his 
 entent, Init incontynent set clei kes awarke, and sent to them that he thought v/olde ayde 
 hym. Some he prayed and some he commaunded. and sente sufficyeiit knoledge of his 
 mynde to the duke of Juliers and to his alies : buthe these lordes made great preparacion. 
 The duke of Julyers had but lytell ayde, but of his brother syr Edwarde of Guerles ;^ 
 he greatly coforted him with men and with frendes. These two lordes sent piiuely for 
 men farre into Almayne;^ and bycause that almayns aie cuuetous, desyring to wynne, 
 and it had bene longe before or they were in any place w here they myght get any good 
 aduenture, they wolde haue come in more habundaunce and they had nat knowen that 
 they shulde haue had to do agaynste the duke of Brabante. Tlie duke of Brabante in 
 great aray departed fro Bruselles, and went to Louayne, and fro thence to Trecte' on the 
 ryuer of Maese, and there he founde a thousande speares abydinge for hym; and al- 
 ways there came nienne to hym fro all partyes, fro Fraunce, fro Flauders, fro Haynalt, 
 froNamure, fro Lorayne, and other countreys, so that he had two thousande and fyue 
 hundred speares of good men of warre; and also there came to hym out of Burgoyne 
 the lorde of Geaunt, and with hym a foure hundred speares, but they came to late, for 
 they knewe nat the daye of the busynesse that 1 shall shelve you, wherwith they were 
 sore dyspleased, whanne they herde that the mater was done without them. The duke 
 
 of 
 
 ' Gennany. ^ " Without danger through the lands." f Winceslauf. ? Gueldres. 
 
 ' Maestricht, 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 325 
 
 of Brabant beinge at Trect,' herde but lytell newes of his enemyes : than he departed 
 fro Trect^ the wednysdaye, and vvente and lodged in the lande of his enemyes, and ihere 
 lay all that nyght and the thursday tyll he herde certayne tydynges: it was shewed hym 
 by his corours that his enemyes were abrode ; than he rode Ibrwarde, and comaunded to 
 burne in the duke of Juliers landes, and the thursday toke his lodginge l)elymes: and 
 the vowarde kept the erle Guy of Ligney, erle of saynt Pole, and sir Valeran his Sonne, 
 who as than was but yong, of a sixtene yere of age, and there he was made knyght. 
 The duke of Juliers came the same thursday, and lay nere one to another ; and by ail 
 lykelyhode y almaynes knewe the demeanour of the brabansoys better than they dyd 
 theirs : for on the fridaye betymes, wlian the duke of Brabant had herd masse, :nid that 
 all were in the felde and thought nat to haue fought so soone, than came redy the duke 
 of Juliers and sir Edwarde of Guerles,'' well mounted with a great batayle. Than one 
 sayd to the duke of Brabante, syr, beholde yoder your enemys ; put your helmes on 
 your heedes, in the name of god and saynt George. Of that worde the duke had great 
 ioye. The same day he had by him four squiers of great price, worthy to serue an 
 hyglie prince and to be aboute hym, for they had sene many dedes of armes ; they were 
 called Johan de Valccn, Baudwyn of Beauforde, Gyrarde of Byes, and Roulande of 
 Colongne. Aboute the duke were the bruselloys, some a horsebacke with their var- 
 lettes l)Lliyude ibem, with botelles of wyne trussed at tlieir sadelles, and pastyes ofsa- 
 monde, troules, and elys wraped in towels: these horsemen greatly combred the place, 
 so that there was such prease that no man coude styrre. Than Gyrarde of Bies said to 
 y duke, sir, comaunde these horses to auoyde the place ; they shall greatly let vs ; we 
 can nat se aboute vs, nor haue knoledge of your reregarde nor vowarde, nor of your 
 niarshall sir Roberte of Namure. So let it be, quod the duke ; 1 commaunde so. 
 Than Gyrarde toke his glayue in his handes, and so dyd his companyons, and began to 
 stryke on tbeir helmes and on their horses, so that anone the place was voyded of them, 
 for no man was glad to haue his horse slaine or hurte. Than the duke of Juliers and 
 syr Edwarde of Guerles'' and their company came on theym, and founde the erle of 
 saynt Poule and his sonne in the vowarde, and dasshed in so fersely amonge them, that 
 anone they were broken and discomfited, and there were many slayne, taken, and hurte: 
 that was the batayle that had moste to do. There was slayne Guy the erle of saynte 
 Poule, and sir Valeran his sonne taken. The batayle tourned to a herde parte for the 
 duke of Brabante, and for them that were with him ; for of men of honour there were 
 but a fewe saued, but ouiher they were slayne or taken. The duke of Brabante was 
 taken, and syr Roberte of Namure, and syr Loyes of Namure his brother, and sir Wil- 
 lyam of Namure, sonne to the erle of Namure, and many other: also on the duke of 
 Julyers parte there were some slayne and hurte : but ye know well it is a generall rule, 
 the great losse euer resteth on them that be disconfyted ; howebeit, for all the domage 
 the duke of Brabante had in that iourney. yet they hadde one great poynte of remedy 
 and comforte, for sir Edwarde of Guejles" was wounded to dethe : and this I saye, by- 
 cause it was the opinyon of dyuerse, that if he had lyued lie wolde haue rydden so for- 
 warde, that with puyssaiice he wolde haue come to Bruselles and conquered all the 
 coutreye, for none wolde haue resysted hym: he was hardy and fierse, and hated the 
 brabansoys, bycause of the thre casteis that they helde agaynst hym. This iourney and 
 victory had the duke of Julyers in y yere of our lorde god a thousande thre hudred and 
 a leuen,' on saynt Bartylmewes euyn, on a fridaye. 
 
 The duches of Brabant purchased her frendes, and had counsayle of Charles the 
 frenche kyng, who was nephue to the duke of Brabat and all his bretherne, for they 
 were chyldren of his suster: she was counsayled by the kynge to go to the kynge of 
 
 Aimayne, 
 
 * Maestriclit, '' Gueldres. *^ 1371. 
 
326 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 Almayne/ emperoure, brother to the duke of Brabante, for whose sake the duke hei 
 husbande had taken all that domage. The lady dyd so, and came to Conualence," on 
 the ryuer of the Ryne, and there founde the Emperoure, and there wysely she made 
 her complaynte. The emperoure lierde her well, the whiche he was boude vnto by 
 dyuerse reasons: the one, bycause the duke was his brother; and another, bycause he 
 had institude hym to be his vycaie and souerayne regarder of the Languefryde. He 
 comforted the lady, and sayd, that at the next somer he wolde fynde some remedy. 
 The lady retourned into Brabante, well comforted ; and the emperour, sir Charles of 
 Boesme,*^ slept nat his busynes, but waked the mater, as ye shall here ; for as soone as 
 wynter was past, he aproched to the noble cytie of Coloyne, and there made his prouy- 
 sion, in suche wyse as though he wolde go to conquere a realme of defence, and wrote 
 to his dukes and erles that helde of hym, and commaunded them at the thyrde day of 
 June they shulde be with hym at Ayes, with fyfty horse apece, on payne of lesyng of 
 their landes ; and specially he comaunded duke Auberte, erie of Haynalte, that he 
 shulde come to Ayes with fyfty horse, and so he dyd. Whanne these lordes were 
 come, there was moche people ; and than syr Charles his sonne sayde, that he wolde go 
 and entre into y landes of duke Julyers, and distroy it, bycause of the great outrage that 
 he had done, as in enteryng into the felde with an army against the emperours vycaire 
 his brother. This sentece was gyuen by playne iudgement in the emperours chambre. 
 Than to that mater regarded the archebysshoppe of Treues, the archbysshoppe of Co- 
 loyne, the bysshop of Marauce,'^ the bysshoppe of Liege, the duke Aubert of Bauier,' 
 the duke Oste' his brother, and diuerse other barons of Almayne," (that thought) to dys- 
 troy the landes of so valyaunt a knyght as was the duke of Julyers, shulde be yueli 
 done, and also he was nere of their kynne. They sayde it were better fyrste to sende 
 for hym, that he myght come to obeysaunce : that apoyntment was holden for the best, 
 for the loue of bothe partyes. Than duke Auberte and his brother came to Jutiers, 
 and founde there the duke, who was abasshed, and wyste nat what counsayle to beleue, 
 for it had ben shewed him that the assemble that the emperour had made was to come on 
 hym, without his frendes dyd stoppe it. Whan these lordes were come to the duke he 
 was gladde, specyally by the comynge of his two cosyns germaynes, the duke Aubert of 
 Bauiers and the duke Oste' his brother, for he knewe well that they wolde nat his 
 dyshonoure, but rather to gyue hym good cousayle, as they dyd. Their counsayle was 
 to shewe hym breuely that he shulde sende some honorable persones for the duke of 
 Lusenburge and of Brabant, whome he helde in curtoyse prison in his castell of Ni- 
 deque,' and so he dyd ; and whan he was come, all those lordes dyd hym great honour, 
 as reason was, and than they all departed togyder, and came to Ayes and toke their 
 lodgynges. Than the duke Auberte and his brother, and the foresayd prelates, who 
 were the meanes of this treatye, they sore entreated the emperour and his counsayle, 
 and shewed the emperoure howe y duke of Juliers his cosyn, of his owne free wyll, was 
 come to se hym, and to put hymselfe poorely, without any reseruacyon, into his obey- 
 saunce andcommaundement, and to knowledge hym for his soueraygne and liege lorde. 
 These swete and amyable wordes molefyed greatly the emperours ire that he had before. 
 Than the emperoure sayde, Lette the duke come to me ; and so he dyde, and kneltd 
 downe before the emperoure, and sayde, My ryght redoubted souerayne, I beleue well 
 ye are dyspleased with me, bycause of your brother in lawe the duke of Brabante, 
 whome I haue helde longe in prison, for the which cause I submytte myselfe to abyde 
 your ordre and your counsayles. To that worde themperour gaue none aunswere ; 
 but his Sonne sir Charles, who was called kynge of Boesme," aunswered and sayde, 
 Duke of Julyers, ye haue ben to outrasyous to kepe our vncle so longe in prisone ; and 
 
 if 
 
 ' Germany. '' Constance. ' Bohemia. ' Mentz. ' Bavaria- 
 
 ' " Of Austria." '^ In the original, Judeque. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 327 
 
 if it were nat at the desyie of your well beloued cosyns, duke Auberte and duke Oste of 
 Bauyers,^ this busynesse wolde haue ben sorer layd to your charge than it is, for ye 
 haue well deserued to be hyghly punysshed ; but chaunge your copye, so that we haue 
 no cause to renewe our yuell wylles agaynste you, for and ye do, it wyll be costly to you. 
 Thau the duke of Juiyers beyuge on'his kne before the emperoure (where as he sate in 
 his chayre imperiall) sayde, My ryght redoughted souerayne lorde, by your puyssaunt 
 hyghnes, 1 knowledge myselfe to liaue trespassed youre maieste, in that I with an army 
 came against mv cosyn your vycaire of the empyre, and in that I haue helde hym as my 
 prisoner ; 1 delyuer hym vnto you freely and quyte, and I requyre your grace that you 
 nor he beare me any yuell wyll fro henceforthe. Than the prelates and the princes 
 there beynge presente, to helpe forwarde his wordes, sayde, Ryght noble prince, this 
 suffyseth that your cosyn of Juiyers halh sayd. Well, quod the emperour, we are con- 
 tent, and so loke hym vp by ihe hande : and as it was shewed me, for the confyrmacion 
 of more loue, he kyst the duke on the mouth, and also his sonne the kynge of Boesme ;" 
 and than the duke of Brabante was delyuered out of prison, and all suche as were pri- 
 soners under the duke of Juiyers, and were nat raunsomed before, were delyuered quyte, 
 bv reason of the coiiiposycion of tlie treatie; and this done, euery manne retourntd to 
 their owne; the emperour wente to Prage in Almayne," and the duke of Brabant into 
 Brabante ; and wliaime the duke of Brabante was retourned, than he reysed a newe 
 tayle in his coutrey, to restore to his knightes parte of their domages. 
 
 Howe the duke of Brabanle dyed, and howe the duke Guylliam of Guerles^ treated 
 with the ditches of Brabante to haue agayne the thre caslels, and what aunswere he 
 had, and how he made alyauce with the kynge of Englande. 
 
 CAP. CXII1I.= 
 
 I XM yet wyllynge to treate of this matter more at lengthe, torenforce this hystorye, 
 and to brynge it to the poynte that I wolde come vnto, and to declare the troutbe, why 
 Charles the frenclie kMig came with a great puyssaunce into Almayne." I might haue 
 shewed this befcjre. bui 1 liaue prolonged it, (for all thynges, though the dale and sea- 
 son be paste, yet they ougiii to be shewed in this hystory), for whan I knewe that the 
 frenche kynge and liie kynge of Englande began to he besy, than I began to wake, to 
 procede this hystuiye more than I dyd before; therfore I saye thus: Whan duke 
 Wyncelant^ was returned into the countrey. and clerely delyuered out of prison (as ye 
 haue herde before), than he was in wyll to vysyte his landes and castels, as well in the 
 duchy of Luzenbourge as elsewhere, and toke his iourney to the good cytie of Strawes- 
 bour^e, throughe the lande of Fauquemount, and behelde y thre castels whiche Avere the 
 occasion of the duke of Queries'* yuell wyll ; he founde theym stronge and fayre ; if he 
 loued the before, he loued them moche better than, and caused them to be newly forty- 
 fied, and set workemen aworke, as masons, carpeters, and dyke makers, to amende euery 
 place ; and at his departvnge he set a valyaunt knyght to be soueraygne keper of these 
 thre casteles: this knyght Was called sir Johan Grosset, who at the dukes commaunde- 
 mente toke on hym the charge at his parell. The duke passed further, and vysited his 
 coutrey, and at his pleasure retourned agayne into Brabante, for there was his abydynge. 
 In this season sir Johan of Bloys hud wedded the olde lady and duches of Queries,"* for 
 the herytage bv right came to hym, by the delh of sir Edwarde of Queries" his brother, 
 
 who 
 
 •' "Albert of Bavaria and the duke of Austria." ''Bohemia. <: Germany. « Gueldres- 
 
 ' This chapter ought to he luuubercd CX. ' Winccslaus. 
 
328 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 who was slayne (as ye haue herde In the batayle of Julyers) ; but his suster, the duches 
 of Julyers, stroue with hym and made chalenge, and the moste parte of the knightes and 
 good townes inclyned most to the ladyes parte, bycause she had a fayre sonne, who was 
 able than to ryde ; and that was well sene, for always he was in the warres, so that sir 
 Johri de Bloyse nor his wyfe coulde neuer haue peasable possessyon, but the chalenge 
 of the ryght of his wyfe and the pursute therof coste hym aboue a hundred thousade 
 frankes: for the sonne of duke Wyllyam of Juliers shewed well in his youth that he was 
 noble and hardy, and loued dedes of arms, for he came of noble extractyon, and so was 
 duke of Guerles,'' and had in mariage the eldest doughter of duke Auberte, who had ben 
 wedded before to sir Edwarde of Guerles,' but he had neuer carnally coupyled with 
 her, for she was to yonge. Thus she was maryed to the lorde Willyam of Julyers ; 
 and he and she were moche of one age ; and soo she was styll duches, as she was before. 
 This yonge duke increased in lionour, wytte, and prowes, and in great wyll to haute 
 dedes of armes, and to augment his herytage ; and his herte was rather englysshe than 
 frenche, and sayd always (as yong as he was) that he wolde ayde to susteyne the kynge 
 of Englandes quarell, for he was nerer ol blode to hym than to the Frenche kyng. It 
 was shewed hym dyuerse tymes ho we the biabansoys dyd him great wronge to kepe fro 
 hym the thre caste Is. Than he aunswered and sayd. Let vs suflTre a season ; euery 
 thynge muste haue his turne: it is no season as yet for me to awake, for our cosyn of 
 Brabante hathe many great frendes, and he is a sage knight ; but a tyme may come y I 
 shall awake. Thus the mater stode a season, tyll god toke oute of this lyfe duke Wyn- 
 celante,'' who dyed duke of Boesme,*^ duke of Lusenbourge, and of Brabante, as it hath 
 ben conteyned before in this hystory. By the dethe of this duke the duches of Brabant 
 loste moche. Than the yonge duke of Guerles,' who was ryglit valyaunt, and lykely 
 to dysplease his enemyes, and thought than to get and recouer agayne his thre castelles, 
 bycause of the debate that was and had ben bytwene Brabante and his vncle the lorde 
 Edwarde of Queries :" than he sente to treate with the duches of Brabant, to delyuer 
 his castelles, for the somme of money that they laye in pledge for, alvvayes afiyrmynge 
 howe they laye but in guage. The lady answered the messangers how she was in pos- 
 sessyon of them, and helde them as her owne ryght and enherytaunce ; but bycause she 
 wolde the duke shulde be a good neyghbour to Brabaunte, that he shulde leaue and gyue 
 vp the towne of Graue, the whiche he helde in the duchy of Brabant. Whan y duke of 
 Guerles" had herde this aunswere, he was nothynge well contente, and thought great 
 dispyte therof, and thought and ymagined many thynges : and couertly he treated with 
 the knyght, called sir Johan of Grosselotte,'' chiefe capitayne of the sayde castelles, to 
 assaye if he coude gette them of hym, by byeng for money or otherwyse. The knyght, 
 who was trewe and sage, wolde in no wyse barken therto, and sente to the duke, desyr- 
 inge hym to speke no more therof; for to dye therfore, there shuld neuer faut be founde 
 in hym, nor that he wolde consente to do any trayson to his naturall lady. And whan 
 the duke of Guerles" sawe that (as I was enfourmed) he dyde so moche to sir Raynolde 
 of Dyscouorte, that he toke for a small occasyon a displeasure agaynst the knyght ; so 
 that on a daye he was matte withall in the feldes, and there slayue, wherwith the du- 
 chesse of Brabante was sore displeased, and so was all the countre ; and the castelles 
 were putte in other kepynge, by the agrement of the duches and of the counsayle of 
 Brabant. 
 
 Thus the matters stode certayne yeres, and euer there norisshed couert hate, what for 
 the towne of Graue on the one parte, and for the thre castelles on the other parte, by- 
 twene the duke of Guerles" and the duches of Brabant and their countreis: and they of 
 the fronter of Guerles' bare ahvayes yuell wyll couertly against them of Brabant, suche 
 
 as 
 
 * Gueldres. " Winceslaus. ■■' Bohemia. '' or, Grosset. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 329 
 
 as marched nere to them, and dyd eiier to tiiem as moclie dyspleasure as they coude do, 
 and specially suche as were in llie towne olGraue: and l)yi\vene the dukes woode and 
 the towne of Graue there wav luit four leages and a playne counlrey, and fayre feldes to 
 ryde in ; and they of Gnerlcs'' dyde alwayes there as great dispyte to the brabansoys as 
 they myght ; and the mater went so forwarde, thai y duke of Queries'* passed the see, and 
 went into Englande to se kynj, Rycliarde his cosyn, and his other cosins, as the duke of 
 Lancastre, the duke of yorke, y duke ol Glocestre, and other i»,reat barons of Englande: 
 he had there good chere, lor they desyred to se hym, and to haue his acquayntaunce, for 
 the Eno;lysshenien knewe well that this dukes herte, corage, ymaginacion, and affection 
 was rather Englysshe tiian Frenclie. In this vyage he made great alyaunce with the 
 kynge of Englande ; and byc:iuse at tiial tyme he helde nothynge of the kynge of Eng- 
 lande, wherby he shulde beare hym fitythe, homaoe, or seruyce, therfore kyng Richarde 
 gaue hym in pencyon out of his coHers a tiiousande marke by yere, and was counsayled 
 to assaye to gette his ryght fro the duches of Brabant, and was promysed to haue aide of 
 the Englysshemen, in suche wyse that he shulde take no domage ; and by tliis ineanes 
 he sware to be true and faitlifull to the kyng and to the realnie of Englande : and whan 
 this alyaunce was made, he tooke his leaue of the kynge and of his cosyns and other 
 barons of Englande, and retuurned into his owne countrey of Guerles,'' and shewed the 
 duke of Julyers all that he hadde done, and howe he shulde haue ayde and helpe of the 
 Englysshemen : and the duke of Julyers, who by experyence of his age knewe farther 
 than the duke his sonne dyde, made no countynaunce of no great ioye ; but sayd, Sonne 
 Wyllyam, ye haue done so moche, that bothe you and I maye fortune to repent youre 
 goyng into Englade. Do ye nat knowe howe puyssaunt the duke of Burgoyne is? no 
 duke more myghtie than he; and he loketh for the herytage of Brabant: howe maye 
 ye resyst agaynst so puyssaut a lorde ? Howe may I resyst? quod the duke of Guerles,'' 
 to y duke of Julyers his father : Tlie rycher and niyghtier that he is, the better it is to 
 make warre agaynste hym. I hadde rather to liaue ado with a ryche man that hath 
 c;reat possessios and herytage, than with hym that hath nothynge to lese, for tliere is no- 
 thynge to be coquered ; for one buffet that I shall receyue, 1 wyll gyue sixe ; and also 
 tlie kynge of Almayne' is alyed with the kyng of Englande: if nede be, I shalle haue 
 ayde of hym. Well, quod the duke of Juliers : Wylliam, my fayre sonne, I feare me 
 ye wyll playe the fole ; your wysshes and enterprises are more lyke to be vnacom- 
 plysshed than atchyued. 
 
 I shall shewe you why the duke of Julyers spake somwhat agaynste the wyll of his 
 sonne the duke of Guerles,"" and made dout in his enterprise. Kynge Charles of 
 Fraunce laste discessed, before this season y I speke of, he dyde as moche as he coulde 
 alwayes to gette hym frendes on all partes, for it stode hym in hande so to do; and for 
 all that, he coude nat do so moche as to make resystece against his ennemyes : howebeit, 
 he dyde as moche as he coude by gyftes and fayre promyses to sytte in rest and to haue 
 ayde, so that he gate hymselfe many frendes in the Empyre and other places: so that 
 whan the duke of Julyers was quyte delyuered oute of prisone, and was come to the 
 duke of Brabant, the kynge and he were great frendes toguyder : and by the ordynaijce 
 the Emperour of Rome dyde sette, the duke of Julyers wente to Parys to se the kynge : 
 and there he was nobly receyued, and great gyftes gyuen to liym and to his knyghtes; 
 and than he made relefe to the kynge for the signorie of Vyerson, whiche parteyned to 
 the coutie of Bloys, whiche lande laye bytwene Bloys and Berrey, and was worthe by 
 yere a fyue liundred pounde of money curraunt in Fraunce ; and there the duke of 
 Julyers sware y he shulde neuer beare annure agaynst the Crowne of Fraunce ; and so 
 as longe as the kyng lyued he kept his othe ; for surely as long as kyng Charles fyued 
 
 Vol. II. 2 U he 
 
 " Bois-le-duc *■ Gueldres. * Germany. 
 
530 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 he dyde hym no maner of domage, nor consented to none to be done to the crowne of 
 Fraunce; but whan kyng Charles was deed, and that Charles his sonne was kynge, by 
 reason of the warres of Flaunders (as it hath been shewed before in this hystorye), and 
 after he tooke his Creacyon at Parys, he hadde so moche to do that he coude nat take 
 hede in euery place. The duke of Julyers tlian came nat into Fraunce, nor made no 
 relyefe for the landes of Viersone ; wherfore the duke of Berrey, who toke hymselfe as 
 soueraygne, sayde, howe the relefes parteyned to hym ; and so ceased the landes and 
 toke y profytes therof, and by puyssauce putte out fro his ryght the Erie of Bloyes ; 
 howebeit, the same tyme I sawe them botlie oftentymes togyder, and neuer debate made 
 bytwene them for any of the sayd landes, nor any yuell wyll shewed. There was good 
 cause for theym to be frendes toguyder, for Loyes, sonne to the erle of Bloyes, had in 
 maryage the lady Mary, doughter to the duke of Berrey. The duke of Juliers vvolde 
 gladlye haue entred into his herytage, but he regarded his sonne, who shulde be his 
 heyre ; therfore he made but lytell counte of the alyaunce that his sonne the duke of 
 Guerles" hadde made in Englande ; and by this reason he spake the wordes (that ye 
 haue herde here before) to the duke of Queries" whan he Avas retourned out of Eng- 
 lande ; howebeit, the duke of Guerles% who was yonge and coragyous, toke lytell re- 
 garde to his fathers wordes, and sayde : Sir, that I haue done I wyll vpholde ; for I had 
 rather haue warre with the Frenche kynge than peace, and rather with hym than with a 
 poore man. 
 
 Howe the duchesse of Brabante sent messangers to the Freche kyng, complaynyng of 
 the duke of Guerlesf and hove the kynge and his counsayle were sore busyed with 
 insydentes that fell in the realme of France, as well for the defyances of Guerles' 
 as the busynesse in Bretaygne. 
 
 CAP. CXV." 
 
 THE duchesse of Brabant beynge at Bruselles, was well enformed of all these trou- 
 bles, and howe the duke of Guerles^ thretned theym of Brabante to make theym warre. 
 The duchesse feared the same, and sayde, Ah, god assoyle the soule of my lorde and 
 husbande, for if he hadde lyued, the Duke of Guerles^ durst nat haue spoken of any 
 suche matters ; but nowe, bycause I am a woman and aged, he wyll make warre agaynst 
 me. Than the lady called toguyder her counsaile, to knowe what she were best to do, 
 for she knewe well the duke was bote, hasty, and coragyous. 
 
 The same seasone whyle this ladye was takynge of counsayle with her frendes, the 
 Frenche kynge was defyed by the duke of Guerles,' wherof ranne a great brute throughe 
 all the Realme, and in other realmes therto adioynyng. They had niarueyle of these 
 newes, bycause the duke of Guerles" was but a small prince to the regarde of other, and 
 but of smalle landes. Men spake therof in dyuers maners, euery man after his owne 
 opynion. Thane the duchesse counsayle sayde, Madame, ye haue nede of counsayle, 
 and we shall counsayle you to sende to the Frenche kynge and to the duke of Burgoyne 
 betymes, for ye haue herde how the duke of Guerles" hathe defyed the Frenche kynge 
 and all his alyes. If he be in purpose to make warre to the realme of Fraunce, as the 
 brute ronneth that he wyll, bycause the Englysshemen and the almaygnes are of his 
 alyaunce, he can haue no belter entre into the realme of France tlian throughe youre 
 countrey ; wherfore it is good that the kynge and the duke of Burgoyne be aduertysed 
 
 therof, 
 
 ; Gueldres. ^ This chapter ought to be numbered CXI. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 331 
 
 therof, and that youre castels on the fronters be well fortifyed and garnysshed : for there 
 is nat so small an ennemye but he is to be doubted; we saye nat that ye shulde haue great 
 nede to seke for any ayde or conforte, all onely for them of Queries/ but it is good to 
 regarde the alyaunces that he maye lightlye gette, as well of Englysshemen as of Al- 
 maygnes,'' who alwayes are couetous, and desyreth to make warre to the realme of 
 Fraunce on trust of wynnyng. Than the duchesse sayd to her cousayle, sirs, ye saye 
 trouthe, it shal be as ye haue deuised. Than suche as shulde go on that message were 
 apoynted out, as the lorde of Bourgueuall, cheife Stewarde of her house, sir Johan 
 Opeyn, a gracyous knyght, a clerke, and a squyer of honoure, the clerke called sir 
 Johan Graue, and the squyer Nycholas de la Monoy: all four were of the preuy cou- 
 sayle with the duchesse of Brabant ; they departed fro Bruselles with letters of credece, 
 and rode to Parys. At that lyme nolher the kynge, nor the duke of Burgoyne, was 
 natte there ; they were at Rohane," in Normandye ; than they went fro Parys to Roane,' 
 where the kynge was. 
 
 Whan these ambassadoures came to Rohane," firste they treated with the duke of 
 Burgoyne, and he made the good chere, for he knewe them well ; they delyuered letters 
 to hym, and he receyued and reed them ; than wha lyme was he brought them to the 
 kynge, who for loue of their lady receyued the louyngly: than the kyng reed their 
 letters and herde them speke, and aunswered andsayde: Sirs, your wordes and re- 
 questes demaundeth counsayle: resorte alwayes to our vncle of Burgoyne, and he shall 
 here you, and dispatche youre busynesse, (as shortely as maye be.) Those wordes 
 contented greatly these ambassadours, and so went to their lodgynges. The kynge and 
 his vncles, with other of his counsayle, were dayly toguyder in counsaile, for dyuers 
 causes and insydentes newe fallen : the defyance of the duke of Guerles" was nothyng 
 pleasaunt to them, nor also they knewe nat what the duke of Bretayne was purposed to 
 do: bycause he had taken the constable of Fraunce prisoner, and set hym to rausome to 
 a C. M. frankes, and had taken fro him thre castelles, and a good towne, and had 
 greatly fortifyed with men, vitayls, and artyllary, all his garysons and townes, and had 
 sent dyuers tymes letters and messangers into Englande to the kyng, and to his vncles, 
 as for the duke of Lancastre was at that tyme in Galyce. The cousayle of Frauce had 
 moche ado to prouyde for euery busynesse, wherby it was the lengar or y duches of 
 Brabantes ambassade had their answere ; finally, y duke of Burgoyn made the an an- 
 swere, and sayd, sirs, ye shall retourne to your lady our aunte, and salute her fro vs, 
 and delyuer her these the kynges letters and ours, and shewe her y her businesse is ours: 
 and let her nat be abasshed for any thyng, for she shal be coforted in suche wyse, that 
 she shall well perceyue that her countre of Brabant shall take no domage nor reproch. 
 This fayre answere contented greatly the ambassadours of Brabant. Thus they departed 
 and returned to Parys, and fro thes to Brusels, and made relacion of their aunswere, (as 
 ye haue herde before,) wherwith the duches was well content. 
 
 The same season newes were sprede abrode of holy saynt Peter of Lusenbourge car- 
 dynall, whose body dyde myracles in the cytie of Auygnon. This holy cardynall was 
 Sonne to the Erie Guye of saynt Poule, who dyed in the batayle of Julyers : this holy 
 Cardynall in his tyme was a good man, noble, holy, and deuoute of lyfe, and dyde 
 many dedes pleasaiit to god ; he was swete, courtesse, meke, and a mayde of body ; a 
 great almesse man in gyuynge to poore people ; he kept nothynge to hymselfe of the 
 goodes of the Churche, but his bare lyueng ; the moost parte of the day and of the 
 nyght he was in his prayers ; allwayes he fledde fro the vanyties and superfluyties of 
 the worlde, so that in his yonge dayes god called hym to his company : and anone after 
 
 2 U 2 his 
 
 ' Gueldres. '' Germans. ' Roueti. 
 
332 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 his discesse he dyde great myracles, and ordayned to be buryed amonge the poore peo- 
 ple ; all his dayes he vsed humylyte, and was buryed in the chapell of saynt Mychaell. 
 The Pope and the cardynalles, whan they sawe the myracles that his body dyde, daylye 
 encrease and multiplye, they wrote to the Frenche kynge, and speciallye to his brother 
 the Erie Valeranne of saynt Poule, desyringe hym to come to Auygnon. The Erie 
 wolde nat excuse hym but wente thyder, and there gaue goodlye Lampes of syluer to 
 han<Te before his aulter, and hadde great marueyle of the great beleue and visytacion that 
 the lieople made there dayly. And for to se hym I Avente thyder fro the countie of 
 Foize, and daylye his workes encreased, (and itAvas sayde.) that he shulde be canonised. 
 I can nat tell what fell after. 
 
 Nowe y I haue shewed you of his dethe, I shall shewe you of the dethe of another, 
 for I haue nat spoken of the dethe of a kyng, of whome great mencyon hath been made 
 of in this hystorie ; howebeit, he dyde many dedes vnresonable, for by hym and his 
 meanes the realme of Fraiace had moche to do in his tyme. This was by the kyng 
 of Nauer. 
 
 Howe by a straunge forlime the kynge of Mauer dyed in the cytie of Pampilona; 
 and nowe Charles his sonne was crowned : and howe Fachadore"" was beseged by 
 the duke of Berrey ; and howe the duke of Burgoyne sente to the duchesse of Bra- 
 bant. 
 
 CAP. CXVI." 
 
 IT is sayd, and it is of trouthe, that there is nothyng more certayne than dethe. I 
 saye it bycause y kynge of Nauer whan he dyed, thought full lytell that he had been so 
 nere to his ende as he was ; if he had knovven therof, paraduenture he wolde haue taken 
 better hede than he dyde. He was in the cytie of Papylona, in Nauerre r he ymagined 
 howe he wolde reyse a great taylage in his realme, to the some of two hundred thou- 
 sande florens, and he sente for his counsayle, and said, howe he wolde haue this money 
 reysed : his counsayle durste nat saye nay, for he was a cruell prynce. Than the moste 
 notable persones of other cyties and townes in his realme were sente for, to come to 
 Panpylona : they came thyder, for they durst nat disobey. Whan they were come all 
 togyther into the kynges palays, the kynge hymselfe declared forthe the mater why 
 they were sent for. He was a king ryght subtyle, sage, and well langaged, and at the 
 conclusion sayde, howe towardes his nedes he must haue the some of CC. M. florens, 
 to be reysed of his subiectes, after this maner : the riche to pay x. frankes, the meane to 
 be cessed at fyue frankes, and all other at one franke. This request abasshed greatly 
 the people, for the yere before there had ben a batayle in Nauer, by reason wherof a 
 tayle was raysed to the somme of a hundred thousande floreyns ; and besyde that, he 
 maryed his doughter the lady Jane, to duke Johan of Bretaygne, and a great parte of 
 that money as tha nat payde and vngadered. Whan the kynge hadde made his de- 
 maunde, he desyred to haue an answere. Than they requyred to take counsayle and to 
 speke toguyder: the king gaue them respite xv. dayes, than the chefe of them to 
 make answere. The brute of this taylage spredde abrode through Nauerre, and euery 
 man was abasshed therof. At the xv. dayes ende the moste notable persones of the good 
 cyties and townes returned to Panpilona, to the nombre of a threscore persones, who 
 
 had 
 
 ' Ventadour. " This chapter ought to be numbered CXII. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 333 
 
 had charge to aunswere for all the hole realme. The kynge was present at their answere 
 makyng, whiche was done in a fayre garden, farre of fro any people, and closed aboute 
 with hy^h walles. Than they aunswered all with one accorde, and shewed the pouerte 
 of the realme, and alleged howe the former tayle was nat as than all leuyed nor gadred, 
 wherfore they besought him for goddessake to haue pytie of them, for they sayd surely 
 the realme was nat able to beare it. And whan the king sawe that he coude nat easely 
 attayne to his purpose, he was sore dyspleased, and departed fro them and sayd : Sirs, 
 ye are yiiell counsayled, take counsayle agayne, and speke yet agayne togyder ; and so 
 he went into his chambre, and his counsayle with hym. Than all these good persones 
 were togyder in this garden fiiste closed in with hygh Avalles, and the kynge com- 
 maunded in no wyse to suffer them to issue out, and to haue but lytell meate nor drinke. 
 Than they were therein great doute of their lyues,and there was none that durstespeke 
 for them : and so it was supposed that by constreynt he had his desyre : for he strake oi a 
 thre of their heedes, suche as were moste contrary to his entent, to gyue feare and en- 
 sample to other. Than there fell a straunge insydence by a marueylous sodayne ad- 
 ueture, the whiche god sent lyke a myracle. I shall sliewe you how, as I was en- 
 fourmed in the countie of Foize, at Ortays, at the erles house, by men of Panpylona: 
 it past nat a thre or four dayes iourney thence. It was shewed me howe this kynge of 
 Nauer in his dayes loued well women, and at the same tyme he had a fayre damosell to 
 his louer, for he was a wydower a longe season. On a nyght he laye with her a space, 
 and than retourned to his chambre in a feuer, and sayd to his seruauntes: Dresse my 
 bedde, for I wyll rest me a season ; and so went to his bed, and trymbled for colde, and 
 coulde take no heate ; he was an aged man aboute a threscore yere of age : and of vsage 
 his bedde was wont to be chafed with a bason with bote coles, to make hym swete, 
 whiche often tymes he vsed and dyd hym no hurte ; at this tyme his seruautes dyd the 
 same, but outher as god wolde, or the deuyll, a burnynge flame toke in the shetes in 
 suche maner that or he coulde be reskewed, he was brente to the bowels, he was so 
 wrapped bytwene the shetes, so that he lyued fyftene dayes after in great payne and 
 mysery, in so moche that physyke nor surgery coulde helpe hym, but that he dyed : 
 this was the ende of the kynge of Nauerre. And so the poore men of the countrey were 
 quyte of their taylage, and delyuered fro payenge thereof by Charles his sonne, who 
 was a noble good knyght, and a yonge, and was kynge of Nauerre, and crowned kynge 
 the same seasone that I wrote this hystory, anone after the obsequy done of his father, 
 in the cytie of Panpylona. 
 
 Ye haue well herde here before of the treatyes that hadde ben made in the counties of 
 Armynake, and Dolphenry,^ in Auuergne, and Lymozyn, who were enemyes to all 
 their neyghbours ; many of them were well content to departe, for they thought they 
 had warred and trauelled the realme of Fraunce longe ynoughe, thynkynge than to goo 
 and robbe and pyll in other places; the duke of Armynake promysed theym to leade 
 them into Lumbardy, but the erle of Foyze, who wolde nat lyghtly be dysceyued, 
 thought the contrary ; he helde hymselfe styll to se the ende of that busynesse, and euer 
 dylygentely enquyred howe the treatyes wente forwarde in those parlies, and whan these 
 men of warre shulde departe, and whyder they shuld drawe ? and the men of his coun- 
 trey s iyde, that the renome was, howe they wolde go and rynne abowte a robbynge and 
 pyllynge. Thanne the Erie caste downe his heed, and sayde : alwayes newes rynne 
 amonge men of warre ; the erle of Armynake, and Bernarde his brother, are yonge, 
 and 1 knowe well they loue me nat, nor my countrey; these men of warre may happe by 
 liis meanes to rynne on me and my countrey ; howebeit, I wyll prouyde therefore in 
 
 suche 
 
 ' Dauphiny. 
 
334 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 suche wyse that I truste I shall take no clomage ; it is sayd, longe prouysion before, 
 maketh sure possessyon. Thus the erle of Foyze sayde to his counsayle, and it was 
 no folysshe imagynacyon, as it apered after, if I maye attaygne to the tretynge 
 therof. 
 
 Ye haue herde here before rehersed, how Geffrey Tete noyr, Breton, who hadde 
 longe kepte the garyson of the stronge castell of Vandachor,^ in Lymosyn, on the 
 fronter of Auuergne, and Burbonoys, wolde in no wyse departe out of y castell : for he 
 helde it as his owne propre enherytaunce, and had patysed all the countrey there aboute, 
 and vnder their patesyng the people labored in pease and reste. Thus this Geffrey 
 kepte the estate of a greate lorde ; he was a cruell man in his dyspleasure, he hadde no 
 more pytye to slee a man than a beest: nowe to come to purpose. Whan the tydinges 
 spred abrode in Auuergne, and Lymozyn, of the tayle that was gathered in the coun- 
 treys, to the entente to avoyde out of the countrey these men of warre ; than it was 
 brewted that the men of warre in the fortresse of Vandachor' shulde departe, and togyue 
 vp the fortresse to the duke of Berrey. By reason of that tydynges the people were 
 contente to pay this tayle: but whan they sawe the contrary, (for the most hurte that 
 they had was by them of the garyson of Vandachor,") they thought the money that they 
 had payed at the first gatherynge but loste : and sayd howe they wolde paye no more 
 crosse nor mayle, without they ofVandachor^ were constreyned to departe out of the 
 countrey. These tydynges came to the heryng of the duke of Berrey, who had all the 
 soueraygne charge of the countrey of Auuergne, Lymozyn, and Gelnadan.'' Than the 
 duke and his counsayle sayde : Surely these poore men haue good cause to saye so, and 
 to be lothe to pay their money for nothinge ; and more ouer sayde, howe he hymselfe 
 and his counsayle were to blame that they layde nat a siege aboute that fortresse, to 
 kepe them of that garyson fro issuyng out. Thanne the duke of Berrey ordeyned at the 
 cost and charge of the countrey foure hundred speares of good men of armes, to besiege 
 Vandachor'' by bastydes. And soueraigne capytaynes of that company was syr Wil- 
 lyam of Lygnac, and syr Johan Boesme launce,' a valyaunt knyght of Burbonoyse ; 
 these men of armes and knyghtes, as nere as they myght, layde siege to Vandachor," 
 and made bastydes in foure places, and by men of the countrey they made great trenches 
 and defence vpon the straytes, to stoppe their issuinge out ; but the capytayne Geffrey 
 set lytell therby, for he knewe well his garison was well furnysshed with all maner of 
 thynges, thoughe there came no newe vytayle to them in seuen yere ; also the castell 
 stode in so strong a place vpon a rocke, that it coude take no domage for any assawte ; 
 and for all this siege and bastydes, they within wolde oftentymes issue out by a preuy 
 posterne, whiche opened bytwene two rockes, so that they wolde issue out vnder couerte 
 and ryde abrode in the countrey, and toke prisoners : other thynge they wolde bringe 
 none to their fortresse; they coulde nat bycauseof the strayte wayes, and stronge moun- 
 taynes that they must passe by ; and this issue coulde nat be stopped fro them, for the 
 aley vnder couert endured fro their garyson a seuen or eight leages, or they came out 
 into the feldes, and whanne they retourned agayne, by that tyme they were entered a 
 thre leages, they were as sure there as within their castell. This maner they vsed a longe 
 season. The siege laye more than a yere before the castell. 
 
 Nowe let vs leaue spekynge of Vandachor" tyll another season, and speke of other 
 newe maters. 
 
 The duke of Burgoyne forgate nat the promise that he had made to his aunte, the 
 
 duches 
 
 ' Ventadour. '' Gevaudan. ' Bonne-lance. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 335 
 
 duches of Brabante; he ordayned a foure hudred men of aimes, Burgonyons, and other, 
 and made two knyghtes capylayns, the one sir Guylliam of Tremoyle,^ Burgonyon, the 
 other sir Geruays of Merande, almayne ;'' and the duke sayd to them, sirs, ye shall go 
 to your charge on the fronlers of Brabant, and Guerles," there as the duches of Bra- 
 bante wyll apoynt you, and make to her enemyes as good warre as ye canne : the 
 knyo^htes sayde they shulde do their beste to fulfyll his commaundemente. They made 
 them redy, and gadred their men, and wente forthe as soone as they myght, and drewe 
 into Brabante, and sente worde of their comynge to the duches of Brabante : and so 
 passed through the lande of Lusenburge: and than by the ordynaunce of the marshall of 
 Brabant they were sente into the thre castels that the duke of Guerles"^ chaleged, and 
 wolde haue againe, bycause they had ben layde but to pledge, that is to say Buth, 
 Gaulyth, and Nulle;'' there they helde them in garyson, and made good fronter warre, 
 and somtyme rode abrode to encountre their enemyes. The duke of Guerles^ fortefyed 
 hymselfe agaynste them, and furnysshed his townes and castels agaynst them, for he 
 sawe well the warre was as than open. So it fortuned that syr Willyam of Tremoyle," 
 desyringe to auaunce hymselfe to do some thynge that myght sownde to his honoure, he 
 set his imagynacion on a day on a towne in Guerles,' a foure leages fro his fortresse : 
 this towne was called SeauUe, and he shewed secretely his entensyon to syr Geruays of 
 Merande, his companyon, who lightly accorded to hismynde: so they gathered their 
 company togyder and departed aboute mydnyght, and rode a rounde pase too this 
 towne, and had guydes that brought them to Seaule, by that tyme it was daylight. 
 Than they rested them and apoynted what they wolde do. And as it was shewed me, 
 syr Geruays with xxx. speares, went on before for to vvyne the gate, and sir Willyam 
 of Tremoyle^ to folowe after, bycause they feared if they shulde haue rydden all togy- 
 der to haue been spyed : but they thought how they of the towne shulde thynke none 
 other, but that they shulde be a certayne nombre of men of armes, sent thyder by the 
 duke of Guerles*" to refresshe the garyson. Thus this knyght, sir Geruays, with xxx. 
 speares rode before to the towne of Seaulle ; in the mornynge they founde men and 
 women goynge to the towne, for it was markette day ; they saluted theym in the langage 
 of Almayne,^ and rode forthe; the poore men went surely they had been men of the 
 countrey perteynynge to the duke of Guerles' that were rydynge to the garyson. Syr 
 Geruays and his company rode forthe tyll they came to the gate, and founde it open 
 with a small warde, it was so erly that the moste parte of the people were in their 
 beddes ; they rested there and were lordes of the gate. Than incontynent sir Willyam 
 of Tremoyle^ and his route came galopynge thyder as faste as they myght, and entred 
 into the towne, and cryed their cryes. Thus the towne was wonne without any defece, 
 for the men of the towne thought full lytle that the frechmen wolde haue done such an 
 enterprise, and y moste parte of the were in their beddes. 
 
 Tremouille. ^ A German. ' Gueldres, * Gambet, Buet, and Mille. 
 
 ' Germany- 
 
 Hoive 
 
336 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 Howe the frenchemen after they had brente and ryfeled the towne of SeaulU, re- 
 tourned to their garyson; and of the icy that the duke of Burgoyne, and the 
 duchcs of Brabante made for that dede ; and howe sir Johan Boesme laiince' dis- 
 comfyted the englysshmen. 
 
 CAP. CXVII." 
 
 THIS enterprise wns done on the nyght of saynt Marten in wynter : and a thre dayes 
 before there came thyder a knyght of Englade, with ten speares, and xxx. arcliers, 
 sente by the kynge of Englande ; this knyght was called syr Guylliam Fykaole ;' whan 
 the larum began he was rysinge out of his bed: he herde that the towne was wonne, and 
 demauded by whome ? he was aunswered that it was done by bretons. Ah, quod the 
 knight, bretons are yuell people, they wyll burne and pyll the towne, and than de- 
 parte. What crye do they crye ? syr, quod they, they crye on Treuioyle.'' Than 
 the englysshe knyght closed the castell, and helde hymselfe and his company within, to 
 se if any reskewe came: but euery man was so abasshed that they fled hyther and thyder ; 
 the poore people fledde into y mynster, and some auoyded y towne by another gate ; the 
 frenchmen sette fyrein the towne in dyuerse places ; howebeit, there were many bowses 
 of stone and bricke, that y fyre coulde nat lightly burne them, the moste parte of the 
 towne was brent, pylied, and robbed, so that not'hyng was lefte that was good, and the 
 rychest men of the towne taken prisoners: the englysshe knyght was taken at laste, for 
 whan he sawe that all was lost he opened the howse that he was in, for he douted the 
 fyre, \yhan he sawe the flames and smoke in euery corner of y towne, and so came out 
 with his penon before hyni, and his company, archers and other, and there valiauntly 
 defended themselfes a longe season: but fynally he was taken and yelden prisoner to sir 
 Guylliam of Tremoyle," and all his company taken, but fewe slayne. Whan the 
 frenchemen had done their wylles with the towne of SeauUe, in Queries,' and their 
 varlettes driuing their pyllage before them, they departed: for they thought it foly too 
 abyde there, and went to their garison fro whece as they came. Thus the duke of 
 Queries' had the first bufiet and domage, wherwith he was sore dyspleased whan he 
 knewe therof, .and so came thyder with a'great nombre of menne of warre, and thought 
 well to haue founde there the frenchemen, but they were gone ; than he newe renpayred 
 the towne, and furnisshed it with newe men of warre, who were more dilyget to kepe 
 the towne thanne they that were there before. Thus daily the aduetures of warre fell, 
 some losle one daye and some another. The duches of Brabante. and all those of her 
 countrey were gretly reioysed of this aduenture, and sir Qillyam of Tremoyle,"* and 
 syr Qeruais of Alerande, alchyued great grace. Than they of the countrey sayde, that 
 in the nexte sommer folowyng they'wolde wynne it agayne. Whan tlie duke of Bur- 
 goyne herde these tydinges, and howe that his men y were in garyson in Brabant dyd 
 well and valyauntly, he was gladde therof, and to incorage theym he wrote pleasaunt 
 letters oftentymes to syr Guylliam his knyght. Thus they taryed there all that wynter, 
 kepinge well their fronters, and defendynge themself'e fro domage ; and after, the 
 castelles and forteresses of Queries' were better taken hede vnto than they were be- 
 fore. Nowe shall I shewe you of another enterprise, that Perote of Bernois dyde in 
 Auuergne, where he gate gret profite, and by what nieanes he dyd it I shall shewe you 
 at length. 
 
 It 
 
 ' Bonne-lance. » This chapter ought to be numbered CXIII. ' Fitz-Paul ? 
 
 ' Treinouille. ' Gueldres. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 337 
 
 h fortuned the same yere and season aboute the tyme of the uiyddes of Maye, a xl. 
 compauyons adiientiireis issued out of Caluset, the whiclie Perot of Bernoys helde; 
 this fortresse stode in Lymozyn. These compauyons rode forthe at aduenture into Au- 
 ueri,me, and a Gascoyne squyer was their capytayne, called Geronet Durante,^ an ex- 
 perte man of arines ; and bycause the countrey Avas alwayes in doute of y men of warre 
 tliat were on the fronters of Burbonoys, there was a knyght of the duke of Burgoynes, 
 called syr Johan Boesme Launce,'' a gracyouse and an amorous knyght, hauynge great 
 corage to auaunce hyniselfe ; whyle these englysshemen rode abrode he demanded what 
 nombre they were of; and it was shewed hym howe they Avere aboute a xl. speares. 
 What, quod he, it is lytell to regarde for xl. speares ; I wyll set as many against them : 
 and so departed fro thence as he was as than, and went there as his chefe charge was, 
 and that was before Vandachor ;' he gate togyder a xl. or a fifty speares of Lymozyn, and 
 Auuergne, and Burbonoyse, and with hym there was a knyght called sir Loys Dambier, 
 and also sir Loys Dabton, and the lorde of saynte Obyse : and so toke the feldes without 
 kepyng of any high way : they knewe the countrey, and came to a passage where their 
 enemyes muste nedes passe, by reasone of the mounlaynes and ryuers whiche were greate 
 and depe, by occasion of the snowe fallyng fro the mountayns ; they had nat ben there 
 halfe an hour, but that thenglysshmen came thyder, and was nat ware of that ren- 
 countre : than Boesme launce'' and his copany couched their speares, and came agaynst 
 their enemyes, and cryed their cryes. Whan the englisshmen sawe howe they must 
 nedes fight, they turned their faces to their enemyes, and defended themselfe. There 
 was a sore rencountre, and certayne ouerthrowen on bothe partyes ; but to say the 
 trouth the frenchmen were better expert men of amies than the auenturers, and that 
 semed well, for there were none of the aduenturers that returned agayne without it were 
 the varieties, who fledde and saued themselfe whyle other dyd fyght : there were xxii. 
 taken, and syxtene slayne on the place, and the capitayne taken prisoner, and thus 
 they departed. 
 
 Howe syr Johan Boesme launce^ led these prisoners to Moule Ferante ; and howe 
 they of the countrey were glad whan they herde of this enterprise: and howe Ge- 
 ronet and his company were sctte to raunsome, and delyuered by the money that 
 Perot of Bierne lente hym. 
 
 CAP. CXVIII." 
 
 IN rydyng and ledynge these prysoners Boesme launce'' aduysed and remembred 
 hymselfe howe that a moneth before he had ben in the towiie of Mount ferante, in 
 Auuergne, sportyng amonge the ladyes and damosels there, and howe they hadde de- 
 syred hym at a tyme, sayeng : Fayre brother Boesme launce,'' ye ryde oftentymes 
 abrode into the feldes, may it nat so fortune y at somtyme ye myght rencounter your 
 enemyes ? I shall shewe you why, quod one of the damosels, (such one as was in great 
 fauoure with Boesme launce,)'' Syr, quod she, I wolde fayne se an englysshman ; a 
 squyer of this countrey, called Gurdines, hathe shewed me oftentymes howe the en- 
 glysshmen are experte men of armes, the whiche semeth ryght well to be trewe, for 
 they ryde oftentymes abrode, and do many propre deades of armes, and taketh dyuerse 
 of our castels, and kepeth them. At whiche tyme this getleman, Boesme launce,'' an- 
 swered her and sayd, Dame, if euer it be my fortune to take any, ye shall se hym. Syr, 
 
 Vol. II. 2 X I thanke 
 
 * Maudurant. i Bonne-lance. ' Ventadour. '' This chapter ought 
 
 to be numbered CXIV. 
 
338 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 I thanke you, quod tlie damosell. Thus after the foresayde enterprise, whan this pro- 
 myse came into his mynde, he forsoke than the way to Clereiiionte, whiche was nat farre 
 of, and tourned to the way to Moimtferant, nat farre thence: of his coniyug to Mount- 
 ferant, and of the iourney y he had atchyuedagaynst the aduenturers, (who sore troubled 
 the countrey,) all the people of Moutferant were right ioyfull, and made hym good 
 chere ; than he toke his lodgynge and vnarmed hym : the ladyes and damosels came to 
 make hym chere, and receyued him ryght swetly ; he was a sage knyght. Than he 
 thanked tliem, and sayde to iier that had desyred hym before to se some englyssheman : 
 Dame, I wyli acquyte me to you ; I made you a promyse nat past a moneth ago, tliatif it 
 myght be my fortune to take any englyssheman, to shewe hym to you : and "as this day 
 god hath gyuen me y grace to mete with some that be ryght valyant, for in amies they 
 haue gyuen vs ynouglie to do, howebeit, we hadde the victory; they be no englysshe- 
 men naturally borne, they be gascoyns, and make warre for the englysshmen : "they be 
 of Byerne and hyghe Gascoyne, ye shall se them at good Jeyser, for the loue of you 
 I haue brought them to this towne, and her they shall remayne tyll their rausomes be 
 payed. The ladyes and damoselles laughed at him, and tourned the mater to a great 
 sporte, and sayd to hym, Sir, all we thanke you. And so there he taryed a thre dayes 
 amonge them, and he kept good company with his prisoners, and put them to raunsome, 
 for he sawe well they were but poore companyons aduenturers, and he thought it were 
 better to hange them, drowne them, or raunsome them, rather thanne to sufTie so many 
 of them to abyde styll in the towne ; and so whan he departed thence, he sayd to Gero- 
 net, Syr, ye shall abyde here with a certayne for all the reste of your company, and 
 the other shall departe and go seche your raunsome : and that ye shall paye I shall 
 apoynte them that shall receyue it, and whanne the money is payed ye shall departe; 
 therfore remembre well nowe what I do for you : if any of ours herafter hap to be in 
 lyke case, do in lykewyse. Syr, quod Geronet, I am bounde so to do, and so we be 
 all. Thus Boesme launce" departed and retourned agayne to the syege of Vandachor," 
 and a twelue of the prysoners taryed styll in Mounteferante, and the other departed 
 and went to Galuset,' to Perot of Bernois, to haue of hym xxii. hundred frankes : they 
 that taryed styll at Moutferant lay and made good chere, and no great watche layde 
 on them, but they went vp and downe in the towne at their plesure, and so were there 
 a fyftene dayes ; and Jn that season they lerned moche of the state of the towne, the 
 whiche cost after a hudred thousande frankes. 
 
 Whan the capytayne of Galusef^ was infourmed of the aduenture of Geronet of Mau- 
 durant, how that he and his company were ouerthrowen by sir Julian Boesme launce,* 
 he made lytell therof, and said to theym that came to hym for the money for their 
 rausomes, Syrs, ye are come for money for their delyueraunce, howe saye ye it is nat 
 so? Yes, truely sir, quod they, we trust they shall nat be alwayes in this losse, they 
 haue no gages. Well sirs, quod he, as for me I nother care for their pledges, nor yet 
 for their losses, they shall haue nothynge of me: I made ihem nat to goforthe, they 
 rode at their owne adueture, therfore ye may shewe them, let aduenture delyuer them ; 
 thynke you that I wyll enploye my money after that sorte ? nay surely, I canne haue 
 alwayes copanyons ynowe to ryde more sagely than they dyd ; as for me I wyll quyte 
 out no man, without he be taken in my company. This was the fynall answere that 
 they coulde gette for Geronet. Than they sayde amonge themselfe, it were best that 
 two or thre of vs retourne agayne to Geronet, and shewe him all the case ; so thre of 
 them retourned to Mountferante, and as they rode they passed by Cleremout, and sawe 
 well the walles were nat of no great heyght. Than they sayd one to another, this towne 
 is prignable ; if we come hyder on a nyght we maye gette it, there is no great watche 
 
 kepte ; 
 
 " Boiinc-lance. '• Ventadour. ' ' Clialu^et. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 339 
 
 kepte; we muste one tyme bargayne, and another tynie bye: we can nat both bargayne 
 and bye all in one daye. Thus they rode forthe, and rode to Mountlerante, and there 
 founde Geronet and his companyons, and there shewed him all the answere that they 
 had of Perot of Bernoys, wherof they were abasshed, for they wyste nat howe nor where 
 to gette their raunsomc. Thus all a daye and a nyght they were in great dyspleasure : 
 the next daye Geronet sayde to them that had brought those newes, Syrs, I requyre 
 you retourne agayne to our capytayne, and shewe hym fro me y I haue to my power, 
 whyle 1 was with hym, serued him truely, and wyll do yet if it be his pleasure ; and 
 shewe hym if I tourne and become Frenche to delyucr myselfe, he shall wyn but lytell 
 therby ; and if I do it, god knoweth it shall be lull sore agaynst my wyll, and I shall 
 forbeare it as longe as I canne ; and shewe hym that if he wyll nowe delyuer vs fro hence, 
 that within a moneth after I shal bring hym to suche a botye, that he and his company 
 shall Wynne a hundred thousande frankes. With that message the thre companyons 
 retourned agayne to Galuset,' and shelved Perot their message. Thanne he sludyed a 
 lytell and sayd, It maye well be as he sayeth, at aduenture I shall delyuer hym incon- 
 tynent ; and so opened a cofer wherin was more than threscore'' thousande frankes, nat 
 gathered of his rentes that he hadde in Byerne, but the moste parte of pyllage ; for the 
 towne he dwelte in before the warres was but of twelue houses, and the erle of Foiz was 
 chefe lorde therof, and the towne was called Dadam, within thre leages of Ortays : 
 than he tolde oute xxiii. hundred frankes f at a pynch a frende is knowen, I shall put 
 them in aduenture ; he is well able to wyn them agayne and mo, and he wyll. Thus 
 they departed fro Galuset," and retourned to Mountferante, it was a xiiii. great leages 
 bytwene, but they had a good sauecoduct, wherby they passed in and out without 
 daunger. 
 
 Whan Geronet knewe howe he and his company shulde be delyuered, he was right 
 ioyfull, and sente for them that shulde receyue the money, and sayde, Syrs, holde, tell 
 your money, here is all that we owe you : so they tolde out xxii. hundred frankes. Than 
 they rekened for their expenses in their lodgynges, and payed euery thynge with the 
 largeste, so that euery man was contente : and whan all was payed, than Geronet hyred 
 men and horses to bringe theym to Galuset." Whan syr Johan Boesme launce'' was cer- 
 tifyed of the receyte of the money, I thynke he dyd sende for it, or els lefte it styll 
 there on trust of the strength of the garyson ; for the same season sir Peter of Gyache, 
 as than chauncellour of Fraunce, left ther his treasoure, thewhichehe lost the same 
 yere all, or most parte. Whan Geronet was retourned to Galuset," tiie companyons 
 made hym good chere ; and after a thre or fgure dayes Perot le Bernoys called hym and 
 sayde, Geronet, the promyse that ye made to my seruauntes was cause ol your delyner- 
 aunce, and nothyng els, for 1 was nat boude to paye your raunsome, seynge ye departed 
 without my leaue ; ye rode forthe but at aduenture, therfore nowe holde your promyse, 
 or els there shall be displeasure bytwene you and me, for I wolde ye knowe 1 haue nat 
 lerned to lese, but rather to wynne. Capytayne, quod Geronet, ye haue reason to say 
 as ye do ; and sir, I saye thus to you, that if ye lyste I shall set you in the towne ol 
 Mountferant within xv. dayes, in the whiche towne is great treasure and pyllage, for it 
 is ryche of marchaundyse, and ryche villaynes be ther in great plenty: the chauncellour 
 of Fraunce, syr Peter of Giache, as it is infourmed me, hathe great ryches within the 
 same towne, and I knowe well it is the towne most symplest kept, and leste taken hede 
 to of any towne in the realme : Syr, this is that I can saye, and this is the promyse that 
 
 2X2 I haue 
 
 • Chalu9et. '' XL. ' " And then put them in a purse, and calling the three 
 
 " companions, who had come to him for the money, he said, " Here ; I give you twenty three hundred 
 
 " francs" omitted. 
 
 * Bonne-lance. 
 
340 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 I haue made. In the name of god, quod Perot le Bernoys, it is well sayd, and I con- 
 sente tiierto ; ye knowe well the maner of the towne, and howe it is kepte and fortifyed. 
 This enterprise, dothe it requyre any great nombre ? Syr, quod. Geronette, a thre or 
 four luindred speares shall well accomplysshe our feate, for within the towne there be 
 no men of great defence. Well, quod Perot, 1 am contente, and I shall singnyfye 
 other capytayns of the fortresses here aboute of the mater, and we shall assemble togyder 
 and cro thvder. 
 
 Ho^fe Geronet of Alaudiuaule, with twelue of his company, reloiancd to Mowitfe- 
 ranl ; and hoife Perot of Beinoys, with foure hundred speares, went to Mountferant, 
 and wolde nat e)itre into the towne hy none other waye but in at the gate. 
 
 CAP. CXIX.^ 
 
 ON this determynacion Perot sent to the capytaynes nexte aboute hym, and .-ipoynled 
 euery man to mete at Ousac,"' a castell in the bysshopriche of Clereniount, nat farre 
 thence, wherof sonityme Barbe, a great pyller, a gascoyne, was capytayne. The com- 
 panyons of seuen fortresses assembled togyder at Ousac,'' englysshemen, and they were 
 a four hundred speares well mounted, and than they had but sixe leages to ryde : the 
 first that came to Ousac*" was Perote of Bernoys, to shewe that it was his enterprise, and 
 to t.ake cousayle with the other capytayns, by the aduyse of Geronet, and accordyng to 
 the infonnacyon that he had gyuen hym. Than Geronet, and a twelue other with hym, 
 arayed theym lyke rude vyllayne marchauntes in cotes of fryse, and ledde horses tyed 
 one to another, with baggage on them, acordynge to the custome of the countrey : 
 and thus they departed fro Ousac'' in the brekynge of the daye, and so rode towardes 
 Mountferant, and lyke marchauntes they entred into the towne about noone ; there 
 were none that toke any hede what men they were, they thought full lytell they hadde 
 ben men of warre: they of the towne demed surely they had ben marchautes, come 
 thyder to the fayre to haue bought cloth and dyaper, for they said they came fro Mounte 
 Pellier to bye marchaudyse : for against the fayre there was come thyder moche mar- 
 chaundyse fro other cyties and townes of the realme. Than Geronet and his company 
 wente to their lodgynge to the syne of the Crowne, and sette vp their horses, and loke 
 vpa fayre chambre for the, and kepte theym styll therin without goynge aboute in the 
 towne forfeare of spyenge, and so sate and made mery, and thought well they wolde 
 pay nothynge for their expenses. 
 
 At nyght they were besy to dresse their horses, and said to their host and ostes, that 
 their horses hadde sore trauayled all that day, wherfore they had nede of rest : they 
 prouyded them of plenty of candels, and so went into their chambre, and dranke and 
 made mery, but they wolde nat go to bed ; so the host and the hostes wente to their 
 beddes, and lette them alone, and had no suspecte of them. Now shall I shewe you 
 what Perot and his company dyd : the sayd day he and with hym seuen other capytayns, 
 firste Perot le Bernoys as chefe, than the Bourge of Compaygne called Arnaldon, the 
 bourge Anglois, y Bourge of Carlat, Apthon Se;iuyn, Olyue Barbe, and Bernadon of 
 the isles, and with them there was a great routter of Byerne, the lorde of Launce playne ; 
 by hym, and by the bourge of Compayne, I was afterwarde enfourmed of this enterprise, 
 whiche was done aboute Candelmas, whan the nightes be long and colde ; and all the 
 same nyght it rayned, and the wynde blewe so that it was a stormy season, wherfore the 
 
 capytayne 
 
 ' This chapter ouglit to be numbered CXV. ^ Donzac. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 341 
 
 capytayne of the watche of Mountferant issued nat out that nyght of his lodgynge, but 
 he sent his sonne forthe, who was but yonge, oia syxtene yeie of age ; and as he wente 
 fro the one gate to the other, he foude four poore men watch inge nygh deed for colde, 
 and theysayd to the yonge man: Syr, take ofeche of vs a blunke,^ and let vs go home 
 and warme vs, it is paste aleuen of the clocke : the yonge man coueted the money and 
 toke it, and they departed fro their watche and wente to their onne houses. Than 
 Geronetand his company watched at their hostes dore, to sc whan the watclmien siiulde 
 retourne ; than they sawe whan the yonge man came fro the walclie. and the ualclicmen 
 with hym. Than Geronet sayde, the mater goeth well, this is lyke to be a good nyght 
 for vs, euery manne in the towne is as nowe gone to bedde, the watche is pa^te, we nede 
 to take no care for that ; and on the other parte, I am sure Perotte le Bernoys and his 
 company are rydynge hyderwarde as fast as they may ; and indede y same lyme they 
 were comynge, and came nere to Cleiemounte, and melte with Aymergolte Marcell, 
 with a hundred speres, capytayne of the fortresse of Alose, besyde saint Fh)ure. Whan 
 eche of them knewe otlier they made good ciiere, and deniaunded eche other whyder 
 they Avolde, and what they sought in that countrey : Amergot aunswered and said, I 
 come fro my fortresse of Alose, and ame goynge to Garhtte. In the name of god, sayd 
 two of the capytaynes, the Bourge Angtoys, and the Bourge Compaigne : Sir, we be 
 here, wolde ye'any thynge speke wylh vs ? Yea, quod Amerigot, ye haue certayne 
 prysoners of the countie of Dolphyn of Auuergne, and ye knowe well we be in treatynge 
 togyther by the meanes of the erle of Armynake, wherfore we wolde gladly make an 
 exchaunge with certayne prisoners that I haue in my garyson ; I am sore desyred thus 
 to do by the coutes of Dolphyn, who is a right good lady, and is well worthy to be done 
 pleasure vnto. Than the Bourge of Compaigne sayd, Aymergotte, ye are greatly 
 bounde to do some pleasure to that lady, for within this tine yere ye hadde of hersyluer 
 thre hundred frankes, for the redemynge of the castell of Mercyer ; but, syr, I pray you 
 where is therle Dolphyn at this season ? Syr, quod the other, it is shewed me that he 
 is in Fraunce, comunynge vpon the treatie that ye know that we be in hande with the 
 erle of Armynake, and with erle Dolphyn, Than Perot le Bernoys sayde, Sir, leaue 
 this comunynge and come on with vs, and it shall be for your profyte, and ye shall haue 
 parte of our botye. Sir, quod Aymergot, and whyder go you than ? By my fayth, sir, 
 quod Perot, we go streyght to Mountferante, for this nyght the towne sIkiII Le yelden 
 to me. Than A"ymeryg"ot sayd, syr, this is yuell done that ye go aboute, lor ye knowe 
 well we be in treatie with the erle of Armynake, and with this coutrey, wiierfore all 
 townes and castels rekeneth themselfe halfe assured, wherfore we shall be greatly blamed 
 thus to do, and ye shall breke our treatye. By my faytlie, quod Perot, as for me I 
 wyll agre to no treatye as longe as I maye kepe the fekles : it behoueth cotsipanyons to 
 lyue ; come on your way with vs, for ye shall haue nothynge to do at Carlat, for here 
 be the companyons of that fortresse, and suche as be left behynde wyll nat suffre you to 
 entre till their company come home. Well sir, quod Aymerigot, with you wyll I nat 
 go, but I wyll returne agayne into my fortresse syth the mater is thus. Thus they de- 
 parted one fro another. Perot helde the waye to Mountferant ; and whan they were 
 vnder Gleremount there they rested them, and imagyned on a newe enterprise, spe- 
 cially certayne of the gascoyns, who knewe nat of the enterprise of Geronet. Than 
 they sayd to the capytayns, Sirs, beholde here this cytie of Cleremonte, the whiche is 
 a vyche cytie, and rather more prignable than Mountferant ; we haue ladders here, let 
 vs scale it, we shall haue more profyte here than at Mountferante. To this poynte they 
 were nere agreed, but thanne the chefe capytayns sayd. Sirs, Cleremonte is a puissant 
 towne and well peopled, and the men well harnessed ; if they be ones moued they wyl 
 assemble togyther and put theymselfe to defece, it is no doute but vve shulde haue no 
 
 great 
 
 " A small coin, 
 
342 THE CRONYCLE OF FROlSSART. 
 
 great aduauntage by them: and if we shuldc be reculed'perforce, and our horse taken 
 or loste, we shulde yuell escape, for we be furre fro home: and if thecoutrey than 
 ■hulde ryse and pursue vs, we shulde be in great daunger ; we thynke it were better to 
 go on forthe and folowe our fyrst enterprise, for the sekynge of a newe enterprise per- 
 aduenture myght cost vs dere. 
 
 This counsayle was taken, and so rode forthe without makynge of any noyse, so that 
 aboute xi. of the clocke they were nere to Mountferant. Whan they sawe the towne they 
 stode styll a thre bowe shot of fro y towue : than Perotte sayde, beholde here is Mount- 
 ferant, our company that went before are within the towne, kepe you all styll here close 
 togyder, and I wyll godowne this valaye to se if 1 may se or here any newes of Geronet, 
 who hathe brought vs to this enterpryse, and departe nat tyll I come to you agayne. 
 Sir, quod they, go your waye, we shall abyde you here. Therwith Perot departed, 
 and four with hym. The wether was so darke that no man coulde se an acre brede fro 
 hym, and also it rayned, blewe, and snewe, that it was a meruaylouse yuell wether: 
 Geronet was as than on the walles and taryed to here some newes ; he loked dowe ouer 
 the walles, and as he thought he sawe the shudowe of some men goynge along by the 
 dyke syde ; than he began a lytic to whystell softely ; and wha they without herde that 
 they came nerer to the wall, for the dykes on that syde hadde no water. Than Geronet 
 demaiided who was there without ? Perot knew his voyce, and sayd, I am Perot le 
 Bernoys ; Geronet, art thou there ? Yea sir, quod he, I am here, make you redy and 
 aproche your men, for I shall lette you in here into the towne, for all those within the 
 towne be aslepe in their beddes. What, quod Perot, shulde we entre here where as ye 
 stande ? god kepe me fro that, I wyll nat entre there ; if I entre I wyll entre in at the 
 gate, and at none other place. No wyll, quod Geronette, and I assure you that lyeth 
 nat in my power to do; but, syr, bring your ladders hyder and spare nat sckale, for I 
 assure you there is none shall let you. Well, quod Perot, thou haste promysed to 
 lette me into the towne, but surely I wyll nat entre without it be by the gate. Well, 
 quod Geronet, and I can nat amende it, for I can nat lette you in at the gate : it is faste 
 shytte, and the kepers be within, but they be aslepe. Whyle they were at this stryfe, 
 certayne of Geronettes copany within went vp and downe vpon the walles to se if they 
 myght here any noyse. A lytell there by there was a poore house at the foote of the 
 wall ; this howse stode alone farre of fro any other house, and a poore man dwelte therin, 
 a taylour, who had watched all the nyght tyll the same tyme, and thanne was goynge to 
 bedde : and as the wynde caryeth noyse farre of, he herde as he thought men spekynge 
 on the walles, for by nyght tyme a man shall here farre of ; therwith he wente out of his 
 howse and wente vpon the walles, and so met with the men ; and as soone as he sawe 
 them he began to crye : than one of them stept forthe and toke him by the throte, and 
 sayd, Vyllayne, thou arte hut deed and thou speke one worde ; and soo he helde his 
 peace, for he feared dethe. Than Geronet, (who had herde the noyse,) sayde, Sirs, 
 slee hym nat, for he shall do vs good seruyce ; god hath sent him to vs, for by hym we 
 shall furnysshe all our enterprise. Than Geronet sayde to Perotte le Bernoys, syr, re- 
 tourne to your company, and whan ye here the fyrst gate open come forthe, and with 
 youre axes breke downe the gate next you, and shewed him the aduenture of the man 
 that they had taken on the walles. Thanne Perot departed and wente to his company, 
 and shewed them all the mater, (as ye haue herde before.) 
 
 Howe 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 343 
 
 HoYve Geronet telle in Percte le Bernoys and his company into the lowne of Moiinl- 
 feraut, witerof the countreij was afraide ; and howe the kyuge and his vncles heynge 
 at Parys were thermth sore dyspleaied, and also the erle Dolphyn of Auuergne. 
 
 CAP. CXX* 
 
 THAN Geronet sayd to the man y they had taken: Without thou fulfyll oure de- 
 syre, thou arte but deed incontynente. What wolde you that I shulde do? quod he. 
 I wyll, quod Geronet, that thou go to the gate and awake the porters, and say howe »he 
 capytayne wolde haue the gate opened, or els let them delyuer to the the keys, to lelte 
 in a certayne inarchauntes of Mounte Pellyer, Avho be without with fardel les of mar- 
 chandyse to come into the fayre. Sirs, quod the man, What and they wyll nai byleue 
 me ? Yes, I warante the, quod Geronet ; tell theym by the token that he was nat at the 
 watche this last night, but sent his sonne ; and without thou do this message well and 
 wysely, I shall slee the with my dagger : and do so that through thy faute I lese nat 
 myne enterprise. Whan the poore man sawe howe he was manassed, and perceyued 
 howe they were redy to slee him, he was sore abasshed, and sayd, Sir, I shall do that 
 ye comaunde to the vttermest of my power: and so he came to the gate, and knocked 
 so longe tyll he awoke the porters. Than they sayd. What arte thou, that wakest vs 
 this tyme of the nyght ? I am suche a one, quod he, and named his name : I haue ben 
 all this nyght busy in makyng of certayne geare of the capytayns, and so hnue borne it 
 home; and whyle I was there worde came to hym howe certayne marchauntes of Mount 
 Pellier are without the gate with their marchandyse, and are sore trauayled and weate 
 with the fowle wether, wherfore the capitayne commaundes you by me to opyn the 
 gates and let them come in, or els gyue me the keyes, and I shall let them in, by the 
 same token that he was nat at the watche himselfe this nyght, but sent his sonne. That is 
 trewe, quod the porters; abyde a lytell, thou shall haue the keyes incontyneut. Than 
 one of them rose, and toke the keys hanginge on a pyn, and opened a lytell wyndowe, 
 and delyiiered out the keyes : the man toke them, and than incontynente Geronet toke 
 them, and at aduenture put in the right key into the locke and opened y gate, and than 
 went to the vtter gate, but in no wyse he coulde open it. Perot and his company were 
 without, taryenge for openynge of the gate. Than Geronet sayd, sirs, helpe yourselfe ; 
 auaunce forth, for I can in no wyse open this seconde gate ; brake it vp with your axes, 
 otherwyse ye can nat entre into the towne. Than they without had redy axes and 
 wedges, and hewed y gate lyke carpenters ; and as soone as they coulde gette in a hole, 
 they put in axes and wedges to Geronet, that he and his company shuld hewe asonder 
 the barres of the gate. Than dyuerse men herynge that noyse, arose out of their 
 beddes, and had meruayle what it myght be, for they thought full lytell that the en- 
 glysshemen shulde haue reysed them out of their beddes at that tyme of the night. 
 Than the kepers of the gate, who had yuell kept their warde, herynge men speke and 
 horses braye and crye, knewe well they were dysceyued, and rose and came to the 
 wyndowes of the gate, and beganne to cry Avith an hygh voyce, trayson, trnyson: than 
 all the towne began to ryse in great feare, and many thought to saue their goodes and 
 themselfe, and fledde to the castell, but ther were but a fewe that entrcd ; for the Cha- 
 telyn within the castell, whanne he vnderstode that the englysshemen had wnnne tlie 
 towne, fur feare of lesynge of more, he wolde nat lette downe his bridges. Some of his 
 frendes that came hrst, he lette them come in by meanes of a planke; and whanne lie 
 
 herde 
 
 * This chapter ought to be numbceJ CX\ I. 
 
344 THE GRONYGLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 herde the great brewte in the towne, than he drewe in ajrayne the planke, and after that 
 he wolde no more put it forthe, but wente aboute to se what defence he shulde make if 
 the castell were assayled. Thus I haue shewed you howe the fyrste gate was opened, 
 and the seconde broken with axes and wedges, and tlian they entred fayre and easely. 
 These capytayns and their companyons, or they entred into any house, they rode all the 
 streates in the towne togyther, to se if there were any assemble to make any defence ; 
 and whan they had sertched euery place, and founde no man to make any resistence, 
 but a certayne suche as were gone to haue entred into the castell made a lytell defence, 
 but soone they were taken and slayne. What shulde I make longe processe ? Thus 
 the towne of Mounte Ferante in Auuergne was taken on a thursday at nyght, the thyr- 
 tenth day of February, by Perot le Bernoys and his company ; and whan they sawe 
 howe they were lordes of the towne, they toke vp their lodgynges at their ease, without 
 settynge of any house a fyre, or doynge of any other vyolence : for Perot le Bernois 
 had charged, on payne of dethe, no man to vyolate any maner of woman or mayden, 
 nor to sette any house a fyre, nor to take no good nor prisoner, lytell nor greate, tyil he 
 had fyrste knowledge therof ; and also, that no man shulde be so hardy to hurte any 
 churche or trouble any man of the churche, nor to take any thynge out therof. This 
 maner euer Perot vsed whansoeuer he wanne any towne or fortresse; but Geffary Tete 
 noyre dyd always the contrarye, for he neuer cared for churche nor for nothynge els: 
 so that he myght haue it and get good, he cared nat howe. 
 
 The same mornynge, whanne tydinges of this dede came to the knowledge of them of 
 Cleremounte, whiche was but a small leage thens, they were sore abasshed, and good 
 cause why, for their enemyes were nere them ; they wyste nat what to saye or do, but 
 toke good hede to defende their towne. These newes spredde abrode to the castell 
 Neuffe," to Thyon, to Vyc, to Issoire, to Ryon, and fro thence to Auige Perse, and to ' 
 castell of Mounte Pencyer ; and all these townes and countreys that I haue named, the 
 moste parte pertayned to the duke of Berrey. In farre countreys these tydynges spred 
 abrode, howe these englysshemen and gascoyns had wonne and taken the good towne of 
 Mount ferante in Auuergne: as many as herde therof meruayled greatly and were in 
 doute, and the countreys adioyning were halfe afrayde, as Auuergne, Burbonoys, Fo- 
 restes, and to Berrey. Whan these newes came to Parys, the kyng and his vncles were 
 sore displeased, whiche was good reasone, for the same tyme the erie Dolphyn was at 
 Parys for the orderynge of that countrey, for he hadde the soueraygne charge of kepynge 
 therof with the erle of Armynake; therfore this dede was greatly to their displeasure, 
 for they thought they shulde beare some blame for that dede, bycause it was vnder their 
 rule: but their excuse was reasonable, for it was well knowen howe they were in treatie 
 with all the companions ; wherfore they thought the countre at that tyme hadde ben in 
 good suretie. Than incontynent the erle Dolphyn departed fro Parys to go into Au- 
 uergne, to sette an order in the countre, and lefte all his trayne behynde hyra, and so 
 rode but alonely with his page, and toke his waye by Moulyns in Burbonoyes, to go to 
 Auuergne, and chaunged euery daye fresshe horses; and as he rode in this haste at 
 saynt Pier the mynster,'' he herde other tidynges, y he hadde nat herde before, as I shall 
 shewe you. 
 
 ' Chateau-neuf. '' Saint Pierre le Moustier. 
 
 Howe 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 345 
 
 Howe Perot le Bernoys and his company toke their cousaile, and delermyned nat to 
 kepe the tomie of Mountferavle ; and howe the sayd Perot and his copaiiy departed 
 thens by night with all their pyllage and prisoners, and went and refiesshed the in 
 the towne of Ousac* 
 
 CAP. CXXI." 
 
 WHAN it was Fridaye mornynge after the towne was wonne on the thursdaye 
 at nyght (as ye haiie heide here before) and that these Capitayns were lordes of the 
 towne, they boude faste all 'the men, so that they coude do the no dommage. Than 
 they sertched all aboute, and trussed into fardelles, clothe, naprye, gownes, furres, and 
 other thynges, suche as they thought to haue any profile by ; and tha they toke cousayle 
 whether they shulde kepe siyll the towne or no. Some were of the opynion to kepe it 
 styll and to fortifye it ; but the moost parte sayde, that to abyde there it were great 
 follye, for so they shulde be enclosed rounde about, and shulde be farre of fro their 
 socours and forteresses : so that il they shulde be there besieged, they shulde nat be able 
 to withstande their ennemyes, and lykely to haue no socours : so that by longe siege 
 they shulde be famysshedde, for thereaboute were many great gentytmen, cyties, and 
 good townes: and also whan the duke of Berrey shulde knowe of this enterprice, he 
 wyll sede hyther the mareshall of Fraunce, sir Loyes Sanxere ; and also the erie Dol- 
 phyn of Auuergne and the erIe of Armynake wyll come or sende and besiege vs, with 
 many great lordes, as the lorde of the Towre,'' the lorde Dapthon, the lorde Dapthyer, 
 the lorde of Renell, the lorde de la Palayes/ and dyuers other; yea, and specially 
 hyther shall come sir Johan Boesme Launce,' with a great nobre : all these doutes the 
 sage Perot le Bernoyes and Olyue Barbe dyde cast and coiecte, and sayde: If they were 
 there taken, they shulde lese all they haue, and fayne to delyuer vp all their fortresses. 
 So these capitayns concluded the same nyght to departe, and to take with them all their 
 botye and prisoners, of whom they had mo tharie two hundred: than they set a 
 sure garde at the gates, to thentent that none shulde issue out to bewray their entre- 
 price. 
 
 Nowe shall I shewe you of a scrymysshe that they of Cleremount made with 
 them. 
 
 Howe they of the towne of Cleremont made a scrimysshe with these pyllers (that had 
 taken and robbed the towne of MountferanteJ at the gates of the towne. 
 
 CAP. CXXIU 
 
 WHANNE these tydynges were knowen at Cleremot that the Englysshemenne had 
 lakenne Moutferant, they were soore abasshed, for they were nere neyghbours : so they 
 of Cleremont toke counsayle toguyder ; and without the towne of Cleremounte, on the 
 
 Vol. II. 2 Y waye 
 
 • Donzac. 1- This chapter ought to be numbered CXVII. ' De la Tour. 
 
 * Palisse. ' Borme-lance. ' Tkis chapter ought to be numbered CXVIII. 
 
346 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 way e towaides Mount ferant, there was a churche of Friers, as fayre, as stronge, and as 
 well buylded as any was in the realme of Fraunce, whervnto parteyned a great close, 
 enuyroned with stronge hyghe walles, and within the close full of Vynes ; for, one yere 
 with another, the friers had therof a sixscore vesselles of wyne. Than some sayde 
 within the towne, that it shulde be best to beate downe the Friers, bycause it ioyned so 
 nere to the gate, or elles it might be to their distruclion : some other sayde naye : affrym- 
 ynge howe it shulde be great pytie and donimage to distroye so goodly a house, and 
 sayde : Sirs, lette vs go to Mountferant, and scrimysshe there with our ennemyes, and 
 let vs besiege them there : they shall neuer scape vs, for the knyghtes and squyers of 
 this countrey of Burbonoys and of Forestes wyll drawe hyther, so that within these 
 foure dayes surelye they shal be besieged. Whyle they were thus debatynge of the 
 matter, there were a threscore compaygnions made themselfe redy to departe out of the 
 towne, to go se their ennemyes, and to scrimysshe with theym : there was no man dyde 
 lette theym, for of the best of the towne were in that company, desyringe to Wynne 
 honoure, and toke with them a xxx. crosbowes, and so rode towardes Mountferaunt : 
 thanne after them issued out of Cleremounte mo than two hundred men afote, and 
 folowed after : thanne horsemen rode streyght to the barryers of Mountferaunte. Ti- 
 dynges came into the towne to the capitaynes, howe that they of Cleremount were come 
 to vysette them, and were before the barryers, of whiche tidynges they were greatlye 
 reioysed ; and a hundred armed them and mouted on their horses, and opyned the gate 
 and issued out on a fronte, and cryed saynt George : and whan the cleremotoys sawe 
 them comyng so fiersely, they were afrayed, and vanquysshed within themselfe, and 
 beganne to recule without shewynge of any face of defence, and so fledde hyther 
 and thyder ; they that were best horsed at the comynge out of Cleremount, and were the 
 formast, sayeng, howe they wolde be the fyrste that shulde make assaute, were than the 
 fyrst that retourned agayne to the towne, and the gascoyns after them : so that if the 
 gascons horses had been as good as the Cleremontoys, there hadde but a fewe of them 
 entred agayn into their towne ; howebeit, they were chased tyll they mette with the fote 
 men, who in lykewise than fledde and kepte none order, and lepte into the vynes and 
 into the dykes to saue themselfe. The crosbowes that came out of Cleremount kepte 
 better array than their company dyde : for they, close toguyder, toke a vyne yarde, and 
 bent their bowes, and made vysage of defence, and kepte themselfe there tyll all the 
 Englysshemenne were withdrawen backe agayne to Mountferant. They of Cleremont 
 lost twetie of their men, sixe slayne and fourtene taken. Thus it fell of that enterprice ; 
 and all that day euery ma trussed and made redy to departe the same nyght after : and by 
 sixe of the clocke euery man hadde trussed vp their baggage, and laded their horses, and 
 sette themselfe a foote : they past nat a threscore on horsebacke, and so sette forwarde 
 in the stretes their somers and caryagcs; they hadde well a foure hundred horse charged 
 with clothes, naprie, and furres, and other thynges necessary. They founde in the 
 towne cofers and presses full of stuflTe, but they lafte them clene voyde : they bounde 
 their prisoners two and two toguyder, and whan they were all redy and that it was 
 nyght, they opyned the gate and issued out: they had taryed in Mount feraunt no more 
 but eyghtene houres : they sette their cariage before them, and tha their prisoners and 
 foote men, and the capitayns on horsebacke came after them. The nyght was darke, 
 and the countrey nat aduysed of their departynge, wherfore they were nat pursued, 
 and about mydnight they came to Ousacke," fro whens they came the seconde day be- 
 fore : there they rested them. 
 
 It was shewed me that they wanne by the same voyage a hundred thousande frankes, 
 
 besyde 
 
 Donzac. 
 
 * 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 347 
 
 besyde their prisoners. Sir Peter of Gyache, chauncelloure of Fraunce, loste for his 
 parte in redy money thyrtie thousande frankes or aboue. 
 
 Tiie companyons were well counsayled to leaue Moiintferaunt in Auuergne so soone 
 as they dyde, for if tliey had taryed there two dayes lenirar than they dyde, they hadde 
 nat departed without great dauns^er, and paraduenture with losse of their lynes ; for all 
 the knyghtes and squiers of the countrey gathered tognyder and came lliyder with puys- 
 saunce to haue layde siege to the towne, and the loides ol tlie cofitrey (as ye haue 
 herde before named) none taryed behynde ; and the erie Dolphyn was come within two 
 dayes iourney ; but than he herde tidynges howe the Englysslinien and gascoyns were 
 departed to their owne forteresses, and there the trouthc of liie hole nialer was shewed 
 hym. Whafie he knewe the trouthe, he rode than more at his ease, and came to saynt 
 Pursayne, and fro tliens to Moulyns in Burbonoyes; and tlicre he foude the dnches of 
 Burbone his doughter, who was sore afrayde of that aduentnre ; howebeit, whan she 
 knewe that the aduenturers were gone she was gladde thenjf, for thanne she thought her 
 countrey more surer than it was before. By my f lythe, quod the erIe, I wolde it had 
 coste me greatly, that they had taryed styll at Mounlferant tyll I had come thyder : 
 for if they were there nowe, they shulde haue an yuell ende: we coulde nat haue had 
 abetter enterprise in all Auuergne, wherby to haue recouered all the fortresses that 
 they holde. It semeth well they are skylfuU men of warre, that they taryed there no 
 lengar; they are gone to their owne holdes with all their pyllage and prisoners. Thus 
 the Erie and the diichesse his doughter comuned toguyder ; and Perot le Bernoys and 
 Olyue Barbe, the Bourge of Copayne, the Bourg angloys, Apthon Seguyn, and the 
 other capitayns of the fortresses, whan they were coe to Ousacke," they departed their 
 botye, pyllage, and prisoners ; and some they raunsomed, and the other they ledde to 
 their fortresses, some to Carlat and some to Gaslucet.'^ All the countre of Auuergne 
 toke better hede to they holdes than thev hadde done before ; howebeit, the erle of 
 Armynake and the erle Dolphyn sente to Perotte le Bernoys, sayeng, howe falsely and 
 traytourously he had taken and stoUen the towne of Mountferant and robbed it, and 
 ledde away the prisoners, counsaylynge hym to make therof amendes, consydringe 
 howe they were in treatie toguyder for a peace. Perotte aunswered and sayde, Sauyng 
 their graces, as for myselfe and seuen other capitayns that were with me at the takynge 
 of Mountferant, were neuer at no maner of treatie with these Erles, nor we toke nat 
 this towne fraudulently nor stale it, but I entred in at the gate, whiche was opyned redy 
 to receyue me. If I and my company hadde been sworne to any treatie, we wolde haue 
 kepte it surely; but we were neuer of that entencyon, nor wyll be. In this case the 
 mater stoode, and the lordes coude haue none other answere. Sir Peter of Gyache was 
 sore displeased for the losse that he hadde ; and as for them of Mounteferant, they re- 
 couered themselfe as well as they myght. Thus this aduenture fell. 
 
 Donzac. '' Chalu^et. 
 
 2 Y 2 Howe 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 Howe the duke of Berrey maryed the lady Mary his doughter to the erle of Bloys 
 Sonne; and howe the same yere the sonne of the duke of Berrey marryed the lady 
 Mary of Fraunce, suster to the yong kyng Charles of Fraunce. 
 
 CAP. CXXIII.' 
 
 IN the yere of our lorde God, a thousande thre hudred fourscore and sixe, in the 
 moneth of August, Guye the erle of Bloyes and the Lady Mary his wyfe departed fro 
 y towne of Bloyes, well acompanyed with knightes and squyers, ladyes and damoselles, 
 to go into Berrey ; and they had with theym their yonge sonne, who hadde fyaunced the 
 yere before Mary, doughter to the duke of Berrey : and the entencyon of the erle of 
 Bloyes and of the coutesse his wyfe was, that whan they shulde come to Burgus*" in 
 Berrey to procede to y sayd maryage ; in lykewise it was the entencyon of the duke of 
 Berrey and of the duches his wyfe. Thus wha all these parties were come togyder, 
 than these two chyldren were ioyned togider in mariage in the churche of saynt Ste- 
 phyn in Burgus'' by a Cardynall : the chauncellour of Berrey and the bysshoppe of 
 Poyters had the yere before ensured theym toguyder. At this maryage of Loyes of 
 Bloyes and of the lady Mary of Berrey, in the cytie of Burgus,*" was made great feest 
 and tryumphes with iustes and turneyes: this feest endured eight dayes. Wha this was 
 accomplysshed, the erle of Bloyes and the countesse tooke leaue of the duke of Berrey 
 and of the duchesse, and so returned to Bloyes, and hadde with them their yonge 
 doughter: also in the same yere John of Berrey, sonne to the duke of Berrey, called 
 Erie of Mountpensier, niaryed the lady Mary of Fraunce, suster to the yonge kynge of 
 Fraiice. In the same yere that these maryages were thus made, in the tyme ofiente, 
 the duchesse of Berrey, and Mary of Fraunce her doughter, and her sonne, rode to the 
 towne of Bloyes, to se the Erie Bloyes and the countesse and their chyldren. They 
 ■were receyued into the Castell of Bloyes with great ioye. At all these maters I sir 
 Johan Froissarte was present: and whan they had been there in great feest thre dayes, 
 they departed and toke their way to Poyters; but they went by water by the ryuer of 
 Loyre to Amboyse, and fro thens in chares and on horsebacke tyll they came to Poytou. 
 There the duchesse helde her house moost comonly in a good castell and good towne 
 called Chynon. In this yere dyed Mary of Fraunce, beyng yonge, who was wyfe to the 
 erle of Mountpensier: in lykewise soone after dyed, the lady Jane of Armynake, du- 
 chesse of Berrey. Thus the duke of Berey and his sonne were to marry agayne 
 (as they dyd) but nat ouer soone; of the whiche maryages, and specyallye of the 
 dukes, I shall shewe you hereafter, whan the mater shall requyre to haue it de- 
 clared. 
 
 Ye haue well herde here before, howe the duke of Queries" had defyed the French 
 kyng dispylefully, whiche was spoken of far and nere ; for as the brute was, it was nat 
 done in no curtesse maner, but out of the style and vsage of all other defyances. 
 Trouihe it is, 1 sawe myselfe certayne writynges in paper, the whiche was sayde to be the 
 true copy ; but bycause I sawe it nat vnder scale, nor aproued as such maters ought to 
 be that touche great princes, suche as is the Frenche kyng, therfore I gaue no great 
 credence iherto: howebeit, it semed well that this defyaunce was dispieasaunt to the 
 realme, and wolde haue it amended ; and that the duke of Queries' shulde excuse hym 
 
 of 
 
 * This chapter ought to be numbered CXIX. * Bourges. * Gueldres. 
 
 4^ ._ 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 349 
 
 oF the spytefuU wordes that were in the defyaunce. The kynges cousayle wolde in no 
 wyse that the mater shulde rest so, for the great lordes of Fraunce sayde, Without the 
 kyng founde some remedy, they and all the realme shulde be greatly to blame ; and 
 they sayd howe the kynge was yonge and forwarde, and y was well sene in his iourney 
 in Flaunders, and if he go nat forwarde nowe to reuenge this dede, men wolde speke 
 dyuerslye of the nobles of the realme of Fraunce, who shulde counsayle the kynge, 
 and are sworne to kepe and defende his honour, and to refourme all that is mysordred ; 
 and to the entent that the kynge nor the realme shulde beare no blame, the lorde of 
 Coucy toke payne in the mater, and shewed well howe the mater touchedde hym nere: 
 he knewe the almayns' better tha he dyde any other, for he hadde been often in their 
 copanyes, as well for the chalenge that he made to the duchy of Austryche,'' as for other 
 insydentes that he hadde amonge them. 
 
 The kynges vncles sawe well howe all the nobles of the realme were well enclyned to 
 haue the mater redressed, and specially the duke of Burgoyne hadde great affectyon 
 therto, lor the duke of Guerles*^ haryed and pylled the duchesse of Brabantes countrey, 
 the whiche enherytaunce shulde retourne to hym after y dethe of the two ladyes, who 
 were right aged, both the duches and her sustre ; wherfore he wolde that outher by 
 warre or other meanes that the duke of Guerles' were apeased ; howebeit, fyrst of all 
 it was requisyte to make all the rnembres of Fraunce one, and of one opinyon : for it 
 shulde be a farre iourney for the kynge to go out of Fraunce into Almaygne" to con- 
 quere landes and countreis, the whiche the kynge coulde nat do, without he had all his 
 hole puyssaunce with hym: for it was nat knowen whyder the almaygnes,' who be 
 couetous people, wolde helpe and assyst the duke of Guerles" or nat: also furthermore, 
 the duke of Burgoyne and the other noble men of Fraunce sawe well howe the duke of 
 Bretayne was in great differece with the realme of Fraunce, and began marueylously, 
 and shewed by his dedes that he had as lyue haue warre with y realme of Frauce as 
 peace ; and the lordes knewe well howe he prouyded his townes, castels, and cyties with 
 great prouysion of men, vitayls, and artillary, to defende any siege; and besydes that, 
 often tymes he wrote into Englande with louynge treatable wordes to make alyaunce for 
 euer: and the Englysshmen were wyllyng therto, to the entent that their warre with 
 Fraunce myght be the better for them after. Thanne the counsayle of Frauce wolde nat 
 that there shulde be lefte behynde them suche a myst in Bretaygne, but that first it 
 myght be putte awaye by good meanes and condute : they thought they wolde nat putte 
 the realme in that doute. If the kynge shulde go into Almaygne,^ and leaue the realme 
 destytute (as this the kynges vncles ymagined), they wyste nat howe to stoppe the duke 
 of Bretayne, for as than suche as they had sent thyder were retourned, as the bysshoppe 
 of Lagers, sir Johan of Vyen, and sir Johan de Beull. They shewed the kyug and his 
 vncles howe they had done nothyng to purpose. Tha the duke of Berry aduysed to 
 sende to Bretayne, to entreat with the duke his cosyn, the erle of Stampes, who was a 
 sage persone and a treatable. Than the duke desyred hym, and sayde, Fayre cosyn, it 
 behoueth that ye go into Bretaygne, to speke with our cosyn the duke there; if ye 
 fynde hym harde and highe of wordes, chafe nat with hym, treate hym swetely and after 
 a good maner, and speke sagely to hym, and bring hym into good reason and it may be : 
 and shewe hym howe the kynge and 1 and my brother of Burgoyne Avolde nothing to 
 hym but good loue and peace ; and if he wyll abyde and holde with vs, we shall alwayes 
 be redy to do hym pleasure: and also shewe hym, that as for the castels that he holdeth 
 of the costables, how that for a small occasion he hath ceased them ; but and it wolde 
 please hym to rendre them agayne, it shulde be greatly to his honour; and howe that 
 the kynge shall gyue hym as fayre and as good as they be, in any other place where he 
 
 wyll 
 
 * Germans, ' Austria. ' Gueldres. 
 
350 THE CRONYGLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 wyll chose in the realme. Good cosyn, do so moche as to bringe vs some good tydinges, 
 and for any tarieng there departe nat fro hym tyll ye bring some mater to passe; and 
 haue well In your reraembrauce all this busynesse and all his answere, and the order of 
 his estate. The erle of Stampes answered and sayde, Sir, all this shal be done right 
 gladly. 
 
 After that the erle of Stapes had this charge fro the duke of Berey to go into Bretayne 
 to the duke his cosyn, he taried nat long, but made hymselfe redy and passed by Char- 
 tres and through the good countre of Mayne, and so came to Angers, and there founde 
 the quene of Naples, who hadde ben wyfe to the duke of Aniou, who was called kyng of 
 Naples, of Cicyle, of Hierusalem, and duke of Pole," of Galabre, and erle of Prouence ; 
 and in her company her two fayre sonnes, Loyes and Gharles. The lady receyued her 
 cosyn the erle of Stampes ioyfuUy ; and there was Johii of Bretayne, who loued nat the 
 duke of Bretayne, but he was nat in power to shewe forthe his yuell wyll, nor to amende 
 it. Whan therle of Stampes had ben there a daye and a night, he tooke his leaue and 
 departed and rode to Chasteaulx," and iourneyed so long that he came to the cyte of 
 Nautes, and there refresshed hym ; and than he demauded where the duke was ; and it 
 was shewed hym howe he was in the marches of Wenes :' and there foude the duke, who 
 receyued him ioyously, for they were nere cosyns togider. The erle of Stampes, who 
 right well coude acquyte hymselfe amonge great princes and ladyes (for he had been 
 brought vp amonge theym in his youthej, acquytedde hymselfe right sagely with the 
 duke, and shewed nat the princypall affectyon of his corage at his firste commynge, but 
 dissymuled two or thre dayes : and whan he sawe his tyme, he humyled hymselfe great- 
 lye to the duke, the rather therby to drawe hym to his entent, and than sayd, Sir and 
 my right dere cosyn, ye ought nat to niarueyle thoughe I am come so farre of to se you, 
 forgreatlye I haue desyred it; and than notably he shewed hym the charge that he 
 hadde to saye to hym, on the behalfe of the duke of Berrey : of the whiche wordes the 
 duke made light ; and for resolucion of answere at that tyme the duke sayde, Gosyn, we 
 knowe well this that ye haue sayde is trewe. I shall remembre me, and ye shall abyde 
 here with vs as long as it shall please you, for your comyng dothe vs great pleasure. 
 Other aunswere the erle coulde nat haue as at that tyme. The erle taryed there a fyf- 
 tene dayes, and the duke shewed hym gret loue, and shewed hym the fayre castell of 
 Ermyn, whiche was nere to Wannes, the whiche the duke had newely made, and there 
 he toke parte of his pastauce ; and alwayes whanne he sawe a conuenyente tyme, he 
 shewed swetely and sagely the cause of his comyng: and euer the duke aunswered hym 
 so couertly, that the erle coulde haue no suretie in any aunswere to make any restytu- 
 cion of a hundred thousande frankes, nor of the castels that he helde of the constables, 
 the whiche yet at the ende he dyd, and that was without request of any persone, whan it 
 was leste loked for (as I shall shewe you hereafter as I was enfourmed.) Whan f erle 
 Stampes sawe that he laye there in vayne, than he thought to take his leaue, and to re- 
 tourne into Fraunce ; and so he dyd. The duke gaue hym leaue, and at his departynge 
 gaue hym a fayre whyte palfrey, aparelled and it had ben for a kynge, and gaue hym a 
 fayre rynge with a stone, well worthe a thousande frankes. Thus the erle departed 
 and retourned by Angers, and there founde the quene of Napoles and Johan of Bre- 
 tayne, who greatly desyred to here tydynges, and sayd, Fayre cosyn, I thynke ye haue 
 sped well, for ye haue taryed longe out. Than the erle shewed parte of his busynesse, 
 but fynally howe he had spedde nothynge. Whan he had taryed there a day, he de- 
 parted and went to Towrs, and at last came in to Berrey, and founde the duke at Mehyn,'' 
 a castell of his, whiche he had newly made, and had workemen dayly theron. Whan 
 the duke of Berrey sawe the erle of Stampes, he made hym good chere, and deraaunded 
 
 tydinge8 
 
 * Apulia. '' Ciiantoceaux. ' Vannes. ' Mehiin-sur-Yevre, 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 351 
 
 tydinges of Bretayne. There he declared fro poynt to poynte all that he had sene and 
 herde, and sayde, liowe in no wyse he coulde breke the duke of Bretayne fro his pur- 
 pose. The duke of Berrey passed the mater lyghtly, whan he sawe it wolde be none 
 otherwyse, and so retourned into Fraunce to the king and to the duke of Burgoyne liis 
 brother, and shewed theym howe he had sente into Bretaygne to the duke his cosyn the 
 erle of Starapes, and declared in euery poynt howe he had spedde. Thus the mater 
 rested, whan they sawe none other remedy. 
 
 Howe after the deparlynge of the duke of Lacastre, all that euer he had wonne in 
 Galyce, the frenchmen recouered it in lesse than fyfteyie dayes ; and howe the englissh- 
 men that had ben there i that warre defamed and spake yuell of the coutrey of 
 Galyce ; and howe the frenche kynge sent for the duke of Irelande. 
 
 CAP. CXXIIII.' 
 
 IT hath been resyted here before in this hystory, howe the englisshmen dyd in Ga- 
 lyce, and howe the duke, and the duchesse, and his doughter, came to y Porte* of Portyn- 
 gale, and there taryed a season with kynge Johan of Portugale and with the yonge 
 quene, doughter to the duke of Lancastre (as ye haue herde here before) : it anoyed 
 greatly the duke, and nat without a cause, in that he had done nothynge for his profyte 
 all that season in Castyle, but that he hadde done was to his great domage ; his men 
 deed of sykenes, of the best of his company, knyghtes and squyers, and suche con- 
 quest as he hadde made with great payne and cost, he sawe well it shulde be soone reco- 
 uered agayne by the kynge of castell ; and indede so it was : for as sone as he was de- 
 parted and entred into Portugale, and that the spanyardes and knyghtes of Fraunce, 
 suche as were taryed there with syr Olyuer of Clesquyn," constable of Castyle, sawe that 
 the duke of Lancastre was departed, and that in maner all his englysshemen were de- 
 parted fro hym, than they sette forwarde to reconquere agayne all that had ben loste 
 of the realme of Castyle, the whiche was sone done, for they of the townes, castels, and 
 cyties in Galyce had rather to haue ben vnder the obeysaunce of the kynge of Castyle 
 than vnder the duke of Lancastre, without he had been able to haue kepte the felde, to 
 haue defended the countrey ; for they of Castyle, Lombardy, and of Italy, of vsage euer 
 they saye (Lyue he that is strongest, and he that wynneth). All that euer the duke of 
 Lancastre had wonne fro the feast of Easter to the begynnynge of July, all was wonne 
 agayne, and refresshed with newe frenchmen and men of Castyle ; and the englysshmen 
 that were left there by the duke in garysons (who thought to haue taryed there peasably 
 all the wynter) were sone put out, outher by fayre meanesor perforce, and some slayne, 
 suche as wolde nat yeld vp, and some returned by sauecoducte to passe by Portugale, 
 and so to Bayon or to Burdeaux : and of all this the duke of Lancastre was well aduer- 
 tysed, he beynge in the cytie of Porte'" in Portugale ; but he coude nat remedy it, whiche 
 was ryght sore dyspleasaunte, to his herte : it is nat to be beleued the contrary, for the 
 more noble, valyaunt, and sage that a man is, displeasures to hym be the more bytter 
 and paynefull; howebeit, the duke wolde say often tymes (and bare out a good face), If 
 we haue lost this yere, by the grace of god another season shall be for vs : the fortunes 
 of this worlde are meruaylous ; they can nat be always permanente: also the kynge of 
 Portugale gaue hym alwayes good comforte, and sayde, Syr, ye may abyde here and 
 kepe your astate, and wryte to youre bretherne and trendes in Englande, that they 
 
 ma ye 
 
 * This chapter ought to be Humbered CXX. * Oporto. ' Du Guescliii. 
 
S52 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 maye sende you this nexte Marche a fyue or syxe hundred speares, and two thousands 
 archers : and I shall gather togyder my power and people, who haue good myndes to 
 make warre into Castyle ; and so we shall make a good warre: somtyme one countrey 
 wynneth and another leseth. The duke of Lancastre thanked the kynge of Portugale 
 of his good comforte and offre ; howebeit, for all that the kyng was y dukes sonne in 
 lawe, and had maryed his doughter, and that he sayde was of a good wyll, yet for all 
 that ihe duke dyscouered nat all his corage : for he knewe well Englande was in trouble 
 and great debate amonge the lordes, and howe the lordes hadde maters ynowe to attende 
 vnto, as well for the kepynge of the fronters agaynst Scotlande, as for to treate with the 
 duke of Bretaygne : and the kyng knewe well, than whan the duke came out of Eng- 
 lande, there was ado to sette forwarde his armye ; wherfore he thought it shulde be 
 harde to get any newe ayde thence, seinge the realme at so many great charges allredy ; 
 and also he thought well that suche englysshmen as were retourned wolde no more 
 come thyder agayne, but thought rather that they shulde dyscorage other to come, 
 the duke considered all these maters in his mynde, and whan he had ben a season at the 
 cytie of Porte" with the kynge of Portugale, than on a daye he sayd, Syr, it shulde be 
 for my profyte to retourne to Bayon and to the marches of Burdeaulx, for dyuerse rea- 
 sons : he sawe well his beynge in Portugale coulde do him lytell aduautage, for there he 
 was nat on his herytage that he desyred ; but he sayde his goynge into the archebys- 
 shoppriche of Burdcaux and of Aulose, and so to retourne by Bygore, and so by the 
 lande of the lombrisience,'' of the countie of Foyze, and countie of Armynake, and so 
 by Garonne, Dordone, and entryngeinto Piergourte"^ and Querchyn,'* Rochelloys, Xayn- 
 tone, Cristynge,' Poictou, Auuergne, and Lymosyn, wherin were many garysons and 
 castels holden of the englisshe parte, who wolde all make warre for his sake ; wherfore 
 he sayd it were better for hym to be amonge iheym to counsaile and encorage them, than 
 to be in any other place: and also he sayde howe Portugale was farre of to here any 
 newes out of Englande ; and also he knewe well y the englysshmen wolde be lothe to 
 cone thyder, bycause of the long voyage by see; and also he knewe well that shyppes 
 of Spaygne, of Galyce, and of Castyle were goynge and comynge on the see in and out 
 to Flaunders with their marchandyses, whiche was also great daunger for encountrynge 
 of them. AH these ihynges cunsydred, the duke of Lancastre prepared for his de- 
 partynge, and had shyppes apoynted hym by the kynge, and a patrone, called Alphons 
 Bretat.* Whan these galyes were redy, and the wynde good, the duke and the duches 
 and her doughter toke leaue of the kynge of Portugale and of the quene, and so toke 
 shyppynge and entred on the see, abydynge goddes pleasure and wyndes : they had 
 wynde and wether at pleasure, so that they aryued at Bayon, of whose comynge they of 
 the countrey were ioyfuU, desyringe sore to se them. 
 
 Whan the duke and the duches and their doughter were aryued at Bayon, tydynges 
 therof spredde abrode, and ihey of Burdeloys were ryght ioyfull therof. Than sir 
 Johan of Harpdanie,^ senesshall of Burdeaux, and the senesshall of the landes,** came 
 thyder to se the dnke, and so dyd other gentlemen of the countrey, as the lorde of Mu- 
 cydente, the lorde of Duras, the lorde of Rosem, the lorde of Landuras, the lorde 
 Lespare, the lorde of Newechasteaux,' and other knyghtes and squyers of the countrey. 
 Thus they came dayly, some at one tyme, some at another; all they ofTred hym their 
 seruyce, as they ought to do to their lorde. Thus the duke taryed at Bayon, and often 
 tymes sente into Englande to the kynge his nephewe, and to his other bretherne ; but 
 
 for 
 
 * Oporto. " The D'Albrets. ' Perigord. '' Qnercy. * This word I 
 
 apprehend to be introduced by mistake : the French edition says, "en cosloyant Poictou," &c. 
 ' Before called, Vietat. ' Harpedon. '' "The Seneshall des Laudes." ' Chastelneuf. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. S53 
 
 for all his vvritynse he was nothyn^e comforted nother with men of armes nor archers: 
 for as the worlde wente than, the dukes busynesse was lytell taken hede vnto nor lorde, 
 kny-ht, nor snuyer, to make any haste to auaunce forwarde to the ayde ot the duke of 
 LaiKastre; for suche as had ben in Portu-ale made suche reporte through the realme 
 of Eno lande, that no man had corage to auaunce thyder, but euery man said, the voy- 
 age in'to Castyle is to farre of fro vs: it is more profytable for vs to haue warre with 
 F^aunce, for that is a good swete countrey and temperate, and good lodgynges and layre 
 swete ryuers ; and in Castyle there is nothynge but harde rockes and mountaynes, 
 whiche are nat good to eate, and an vntemperate ayre, and troubled ryuers, and dyuerse 
 meates, and stronge wynes and bote, and poore people, rude and yuell arayed, lane 
 of fro ourmaner; wherfore it were folly to go thyder, for if weentre into any great 
 cytie or towne there, wenynge to fynde maruayles, we shall fynde nothynge but wyne, 
 larde, and empty cofers. This is contrarye to the realme of Fraunce, for there whan it 
 is fortune to wyn any towne or cytie, we fynde suche rychesse that we be abasshed ther- 
 of ; and it is good to make warre where we may haue profyte. Let vs aduenture there, 
 and leaue the vnhappy warre of Castyle and Portugale, where is nothynge but pouertye 
 and domage. Thus the englysshemen sayde in Englande, suche as had been in Castyle, 
 so that the lordes perceyued well howe that voyage was out of the fauoure ot the en- 
 <rlysshemen; also the realme was in trouble, and the iustyce on Tnuylyen^ and outher 
 but newly done, and the duke of Irelande departed out of the realnje, and kynge Ky- 
 charde came to the guydynge of newe counsayle, the whiche he hadde nat well lerned : 
 so by reason of suche insydentes the matters abode in harde case for the duke ot Lan- 
 castre, beynge in the cytie of Bayon, where he helde all that season. 
 
 All these busynesses, as well in Castyle and Portugale as in Englande (and of the de- 
 partynge of the duke of Irelande) was well knowen with the frenche kynge and his 
 counsayle. Than to haue more parfyte knowledge, it was ordayned by the frenche 
 kynge and by his vncles to sende to Trecte" to y duke of Irelande, where as he was, and 
 to gyue hym a sure saueconduct to come into Fraunce, and to tarye there as longe as 
 bothe partyes were pleased. It was behouable to sende for hym by specyall messangers 
 and sure wrytyng fro the kyng, or els the duke of Irelande wolde nat haue come there, 
 for he knewe well that he was out of the loue and fauoure of the lorde Coucy, who was 
 a great baron in the realme of Fraunce, and was of a great lynage : he had no cause to 
 loue hym (as ye haue herde before), for acordynge to the trouthe the duke had nat well 
 acquyted hymselfe to his wyfe, who was doughter to the lorde Coucy ; and certaynly it 
 was the principall thing that toke awaye the good renome of his honour, bothe in Fraunce 
 and in other places : and in lykewyse he was blamed, defamed, and hated in Englande, 
 as well as in Fraunce. Whan the frenche kynge had concluded to sende lor the duke 
 of Irelande, the lorde of Coucy spake as moche agaynst it as he myght ; but there were 
 so many reasons layde to hym (and also bycause the kyng wolde haue it), that he was 
 contente to suffre it. The frenche kynge, who was but yong, desyred greatly to se the 
 duke of Irelande, bycause he was reputed to be a good knyght, and also bycause it was 
 sayd howe he was so well beloued with the kynge of Englande. Thanne he was sente 
 for by a knyght and a clerke, a notary of the kynges. Whan the duke ot Irelande 
 herde fyrste howe the frenche kynge had sente for hym, he had maruayle therot, and 
 hadde dyuerse imagynacyons for what entente he shulde be sente for into 1-raunce; 
 howebeit, fynally he thought he myght go surely into Fraunce to se the kynge, by rea- 
 son of his saueconducte, and to returne agayne at his pleasure. Than he departed Iro 
 Trect," and rode forthe with theym that the kynge had sent to hym, and rode so longe 
 that they came to Paris, for as than the kyng was there in his castell of Lowre. 1 here 
 
 Vol. II. 2Z '^^ 
 
 ' Tresillian. " Utrecht. ' The Louvre. 
 
354 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 the duke was well receyued of the kynge and of his vncles ; the frenche kynge desyred 
 him to abyde there styll, and apoynted hym a ])lace to kepe his house and astate in, for 
 the duke had ynough so to do, for he had conueyed out of Englande good ynough ; and 
 also y constable of Frauce ought liym certayne money for the raunsome of Johanof Bre- 
 tayne, the whiche was nat all payed as than. Thus the duke wente whan it pleased hym 
 to se the kynge, and hadde good chere ; and at all feastes, iustes, and triumphes, the 
 duke was alwayes sente for. 
 
 Howe the Constable of Frannce wolde nat acorde that the king shulde go into Al- 
 mapie, because of the insi/dentes of the realme : and howe the duke of Bretaygne 
 founiysshed Ids garysons and made alyaunce with the kyng of Englande, and with 
 the kynge of JYauerre : and of the army made by the englysshemen. 
 
 CAP. CXXV.* 
 
 YE haue herde before howe the erle de Stampes was sent into Bretayne by the duke 
 of Berrey, thynkynge to haue brought the duke of Bretayne with fayre wordes to his 
 mynde and entensyon ; but he coulde nat brynge it aboute, but retourned agayne with- 
 out atteynyngeany thynge of his purpose, wherof they in Fraunce were greatly abasshed, 
 and specially suche as were of the kinges cousayle : for they knewe well the kyng had 
 great desyre to go into Almayne,'' to se the landes of his cosyns the duke of Julyers, and 
 to be reuenged of the hygh Avordes and cruell defyaunces of the duke of Guerles.'; 
 The wyse men of the counsayle of Fraunce, suche as conceyued well the mater, ima- 
 gyned therin great parell to the realme, for they clerely perceyued howe the duke of 
 Bretayne wolde in no wyse condyscende to reason, but helde styll his purpose ; they 
 thought it was greatly preiudycyall to the honoure of the realme of Fraunce, for hym to 
 take the constable of Fraunce, and to sette hym at raunsome at a hundred thousande 
 frankes, and to kepe thre of his castelles, and a good towne ; and also they sawe howe 
 the duke ot Bretayne was makynge of great alyaunces with the kynge of Englande, and 
 knewe well howe the duke fortifyed greatly his townes and castels in Bretayne, and 
 went aboute to get hym frendes in dyuers partyes, in so moche that many of the noble 
 menne of Bretayne wyste nat what to do, outher to go into Fraunce, or to abyde there 
 styll with the duke, and to take his parte agaynst the kynge or the realme of Fraunce, 
 the whiche they neuer thought to do, for the moste parte of the knyghtes and squyers 
 of Bretaygne were alwayes good frenche; but the counsayle of Fraunce doubted that if 
 the kynge wente out of the realme with his puyssaunce, the whiche he muste nedes do 
 if he shulde goo into Almaygne,*" that than the duke of Bretayne to bring into his coun- 
 trey the englysshmen, outher at saynte MaloAve, at saynt Mathewes, or at Lamballe, or 
 Camperle,'' or Lantriguier,^ at Guerrande, or Bownte, or at Wennes,' or on the see 
 coste: for the englysshemen coulde nat haue a better entre into Fraunce than by Bre- 
 tayne ; so that they knewe nat, (the kynges honour saued,) howe to breke the duke of 
 Bretayne fro his purpose: some of the kynges counsayle sayde, it shall be to the kynges 
 dyshonour if he breke nat the'dukes purpose, fory duke is nat lorde peasably ouer his 
 owne countrey : for we ihynke the lordes, knyghtes, and squyers, of Bretayne, wyll 
 nat be agaynst vs, to mayntayne the dukes opynion ; therfore in the name of god, lette 
 
 the 
 
 • This chapter ought to be numbered CXXI. •; Germany. f Gueldres. 
 
 * Quimperle. i Treguier. [ Vannes. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 355 
 
 the kynge kepe on his voyage, and lette the constable and other lordes abyde in their 
 countreys and defende the Reahne. This opynyon was well vpholde with many oi' the 
 kynges counsayle ; but than some other sayde naye therto : and sayde, howe the kyng 
 coulde nat well go out of his realme without he had his constable with hym, for he is 
 more wyser, and hathe more experyence in warre than a great nombre of other. Thus 
 they argued. Than some other sayd, lette two of the kynges vncles go, or one of them 
 at the lest: and layde it to the duke of Burgoyne that he shulde go with two thousande 
 speares, and syxe or seuen thousande of other men of warre, and sayde, it was moste 
 metest for hym to go, for that warre touched hym nere, by cause it moued by reasone 
 of the duchy of Brabante : and that he shulde haue with him them of Brabante, of whome 
 he shulde fynde in nombre to the some of seuen hundred speares, and xx. or thurty 
 thousande of other comons of the countrey of Brabante. Than another sorte sayde, 
 sirs, your opynyons be nat good, for the kyng wyll go; he nameth hymselfe the chyefe 
 of this warre, for he is defyed, wherfore he niuste go ; consydrynge the charge is his, 
 it is good that he go, for he is yonge, and the more he contynueth the warre, the better 
 he shall loue it. Than some other sayd, who is he that is so hardy to counsayle the 
 kynge to go into Almayne," into so farre a countrey, amonge theym that be hyghe and 
 prowde people, and great parell it is to entre vpon them ; and if the kynge were entred, 
 yet it were great daunger the retournynge agayne: for whan they shall knowe the kynge 
 and all the nobles of Fraunce to be entred into their countrey, they wyll than assemble 
 all togyder, and kepe suche a countrey as they knowe, and we nat, and so they maye 
 do vs great domage, for they are couetous people aboue all other: and they haue no 
 pytie if they haue the vpper hande, and are harde and yueil handelers of their prisoners, 
 and putteth them to sondry paynes to compell theym to make their raunsomes the 
 greater ; and if they haue a lorde or a great man to their prisoner, they make great ioye 
 therof, and wyll conuey hym into Boesme, or into Austryche, or into Xasenne,** and 
 kepe hym in some castell inhabytable ; they are people worse than sarazins or paynyms, 
 for their excessyue couetousnesse quencheth the knowledge of honoure ; lette vs go and 
 put the kynge in daunger amonge these people, and if any thynge happen to fallamysse, 
 as the chaunces of fortune are maruaylous, what shall be sayde than ? howe we haue 
 brought the kynge thyder to betray him, and to the dystructyon of the realme, and nat 
 for the augmentynge therof; God defende the realme fro all domage and parell ; if the 
 kyng go he muste haue parte of his noblemen with hym ; and if myssefortune fall, the 
 realme of Fraunce is loste without recouery ; therfore loke wysely if it be good to coun- 
 sayle the kyng to go that voyage into Almayne.^ Than some other, suche as had wysely 
 coniected all parelles in their imagynacyons, sayd : In the name of god lette nother the 
 kynge go, nor yet sende thyder no puyssaunce ; for though the duke of Guerles,' who 
 is but yonge, and that youthe of wytte haue made hym to defye the kynge, whiche \yas 
 nat done by no greate wysdome, nor good counsayle, but rather done by folissh pride 
 of yonge people, who wolde flye or they haue wynges ; and sythe he hathe thus defyed 
 the kynge, lette hym alone and suffre hym to pursewe his defyaunce ; the realme of 
 Fraunce is great : if he entre into the realme in any m:mer of wyse, the kinge shall sone 
 be enfourmed therof, and than he shall haue a iuste cause to styrre vp his people, and 
 to go and fyght agaynste hym where so euer he fynde hym, or els to make hym flye, or 
 yelde hym in the feide, and therby the kynge shall haue more honour, and lesse charge 
 than to go into Queries f for suche as knowe the countrey saye, that or we can come to 
 the duke, if he lyste, we must passe a foure great ryuers, the leste of them as great as 
 the ryuer of Loyre, at Namurs or Charite : also they say it is a fowle countrey, and 
 yuell lodgynges. 
 
 2 Z 2 The 
 
 ! Germany. * Bohemia, Austria, or Saxony. '' Gueldres. 
 
356 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 The noble men and counsaylours of Fraunce were thus in dyuers imagynacyons on 
 this voyage that the kynge wolde make into Ahnayne/ and surely it had ben auaunsed 
 the soner forwarde, and they had nat douted the venym that myght growe by the oc- 
 casyon of Bretayne, and of the duke there, that mater drewe theym abacke ; and indede 
 they had good cause to doute it, for the duke of Bretayne was well infourmed of the de- 
 fyaunce tliat tl)e duke of Guerles'' hadde made to the Frenche kynge, and hovve that the 
 yonge kinge Charles wolde go into Almayne.* The duke loked for nothyng els, but 
 that the kynge shulde be ones departed out of his Realme of Fraunce ; he hadde or- 
 deyued and concluded bytwene hym and the englysshemen, to suffre the englisshe army 
 to entre into his countrey ; and also he had by subtyle meanes, drawen to his acorde 
 the moste parte of the good townes of Bretaygne, and specyally Nauntes, Wennes,' 
 Reunes, Lentriguier,'' Guerrade, Lambale, saynte Malo, and saynte Mathewe de fyn 
 poterne : but the noble men he coulde nat gette to his opynyon. Than the duke ima- 
 gyned if the lordes shulde go with the constable of Fraunce into Almayne," thanne his 
 warre and entente shulde the soner come to passe ; he caused his townes and castels to 
 be well prouyded for with vytayles and artyllary, and he shewed well howe he inclyned 
 rather to the warre than to haue pease ; also he had great alyaunce with Charles, the 
 yonge kyng of Naiierre, and the duke promysed hym, that if he might come to his en- 
 tent, (to haue puyssaunce of men of armes and archers out of Englade,) he wolde bringe 
 them streight into Normandy, and recouer fyrst the good townes and castels that kynge 
 Charles of Fraunce, vncle to the kynge of Nauerre, had taken fro hym by his men, as 
 the lorde of Coucy, and outher. Of this the kynge of Nauer had great trust, and by 
 reason therof he helde in humble loue the duke of Lancastre, who was at Bayon, for by- 
 twene theym was great alyaunces. And of all this I sawe great apparence, as I shall 
 shewe after. 
 
 In the yere of our lorde god a thousande thre hundred fourscore and eyght, the 
 seuenth daye of Aprell, it was concluded by the kynge of Englande, and his counsayle, 
 and by his vncles, the duke of Yorke, and the duke of Glocestre, that the erle Rycharde 
 of Arundell shulde be heed and chefe of an army on the see: with hym a thousande men 
 of armes, and thre thousande archers, and to be at Hamton the fyftene day of May, and 
 there to fynde his nauy redy apparelled, and euery man that was apoynted to go, to be 
 there redy at that daye. And the kynge of Englande, on saynte Georges daye nexte 
 after, helde a great feast at his castell of Wyndesore ; and there were the chefe lordes 
 that shulde go with therle of Arundell, and there they toke their leaues of the kynge, 
 and of the quene, and of all other ladyes, and so came to Hampton at their daye 
 apoynted, and entred into their shyppes the twenty day of May, whiche was a fayre 
 clere day ; there was the erle of Arundell, the erle of Notyngham, the Erie of Deuon- 
 shyre, syr Thomas Percy, the lorde Clifforde, sir Johii of Warewyke, sir Willyam de 
 la Selle,'' the lorde Cameux,' syr Stephyn de Libery, syr Willyam Helman, syr Tho- 
 mas Moreaux, syr Johan Dambreticourt, syr Roberte Sere, sir Peter Mountbery, sir 
 Loys Clombe,^ sir Thomas Coq,'' syr Willyam PuUe,' and dyuers other ; they were 
 of good men of armes a thousande speares, and aboute a thre thousande archers ; they 
 had with theym no horses, for they trusted if they might come to their ententes to entre 
 into Bretayne, and there to refresshe them where as they shulde fynde horses ynowe at 
 a good price to serue them. The daye that they departed fro Hampton was so fayre and 
 peasable that it was meruayle ; they drewe towardes Normady, nat purposyng to lande 
 
 in 
 
 ' Germany. i. Gueldres. ' Vannes. " Treguier. 
 
 ' Shelly.— Jo/m«. < Camois.— /6?W. * CUnhoyi.— Ibid. 1 Cook.— Ibid. 
 
 ' Pau\ei,— Ibid. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 357 
 
 in any parte, but to passe by the fronters of Normandy, and Bretayne, tyll they herde 
 other newes. They had in their nauy certayne vessels called Ballengers," who sayled 
 on before to se if they myght fynde any aduenture, in lyke inaner as knyghtes do by 
 lande go before the l)ataylles, to dyscouer the coutrey and enbusshes. 
 
 Nowe we shall leaue a season of spekynge of this army, and speke somwhat of the 
 busynesse of Guerles,'' and Brabant, and shewe howe the siege was layde to Graue. 
 
 Howe the brabansoys layde siege lo the towne of Graue. And howe the constable of 
 Fraunce take saynte Malo, and saj/nte Malhewes, and set there men in garyson : 
 and howe the duke of Lancastre was at Bayon greatly dyscomforted, in that he 
 coulde gette no vianer of ayde. 
 
 CAP. CXXVI.' 
 
 AS it hath been shewed here before of the auncyent dukes of Guerles,'' and howe the 
 eldest Sonne of the duke of Guerles,"* (of whome I treat at this present tyme,) was maryed 
 to the doughter of Berthalte of Malynes," therby to bringe him out of daunger, and to 
 redeme againe his lierytage, the whiche was in sore trouble before, and the duke of 
 Guerles,'' sonne to the duke of Julyers, to entertayne and to kepe y towne of Graue 
 agaynst the brabansoys, as he had cause and iuste tytle. Whan he sawe howe he coulde 
 nat gette agayne his thre castels, Gauleth, Buth, and NuUe," on the ryuer of Muse, 
 pertaynynge to his herytage, and to the countrey of Guerles,'' thought than to attrybute 
 the towne of Graue to his herytage for euer. This duke had a bastarde doughter, 
 maryed to the sonne of the lorde Bruke, who was enherytour to the towne of Graue; 
 so there was an amyable treatye bytwene them, as bytwene the fader and the sonne ; and 
 there the lorde of Bruke gaue the towne and sygnory of Graue to the duke of Guerles," 
 in presence of the knyghtes of Guerles,"" andJuliers: and for that cause the duke of 
 Guerles" dyd recompence the lorde of Bruke with the landes of Bresde,^ on the ryuer 
 of Lighen,^ in the duchy of Guerles, '' marchyng on the countrey of Holande, aboue 
 Brabaunte. At this towne of Bresde' there was a fayre castell, and the towne great and 
 profytable ; howbeit, the towne of Graue was better. This the duke of Guerles" dyd, to 
 the entent to haue a iuste tytle to kepe the towne of Graue agaynst the brabansoys. 
 The duches of Brabant, and the brabansoys, said, howe the lorde of Bruke had it but 
 to pledge, and that they myght quyte it out whan they wolde : but the duke of Guerles"" 
 sayd naye therto ; by reason wherof the warre raoued ; so that in the moneth of May, 
 the brabansoys came and layde syege to the towne of Graue, with many lordes, knyghtes, 
 and squyers, and with the puyssaunce of other good townes in Brabante : and thyder 
 they brought engyns, springals, and other habylimentes of warre ; they were a xl. thou- 
 sande, one and other, there was skrymysshynge dayly. The towne of Graue standeth 
 on the ryuer of Muese, on the syde of Brabante, and there is a bridge ouer the ryuer to 
 go into the countrey of Guerles. '' At this siege euery thynge was plenty, and as good 
 chepe of euery thynge, as though they had been before Brusels. Euery day there was 
 skrymysshynge at tlie barryers of Graue, of suche as wolde aduenture themselfe; some- 
 tyme they were put abacke, and sometyme they droue their enemyes into their towne, 
 
 as 
 
 • See ante, p. 242. " Gueldres. ' This chapter ought to be numbered CXXII. ■" Mechlin. 
 
 ! Gambet, Buet, and Mille. ' Breda. « Merck. 
 
358 THE CRONYGLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 as chaunce of aduenture fell. The duke of Guerles* was well infourmed of this siege, 
 he laye a foure leages fro Nymaise,'' and wrote oftentymes into Englande, where he 
 trusted to liaue socoure by reason of the englysshe army, wherof the erle of Arundell 
 was capytayne on the see, as sone as wynde and wether wyll serue them to come to 
 Queries," to reyse the syege before Graue. The duke of Guerles' knewe well that the 
 towne of Graue was strong and well fortyfyed, so that he thought it coulde nat be wonne 
 by none assaute, but outher by trayson or by treatye ; he trusted theym of Graue to be 
 sure and faythfuU to hym. Thus the siege endured longe before Graue, and the erle of 
 Arundels army was on the see, and tooke no lande, but styll kepte on the fronters of 
 Normandy, so that the normans fro agaynst Mounte saynte Mychell, and downe alonge 
 to Depe, to saynt Valery, and to Crotoy, were nat well assured wherto they shuide 
 take hede ; the portes and hauens of Normandy were refresshed by the frenche kynge, 
 with good men of armes and crosebowes, to resyste agaynste all parelles : and by the 
 marshall of Blankewyll' was sette in the towne of Carentyne, standynge on the see, 
 (whiche before of olde tyme perlayned to the herytage of kynge Gharles of Nauerre,) 
 the lorde of Ambre, and the lorde Coucy, two gret lordes of Normandy. And the 
 Constable of Fraunce toke the towne of saynte Malo, and the towne of saynte Mathewes. 
 And as soone as they knewe that the englysshemen were on the see, they sette men into 
 those townes in the name of the frenche kyng. In this season they thought surely to 
 haue open warre with the duke of Bretayne, for the knyghtes and squyers sayde, that 
 the armye on the see of the englysshmen were sente thyder for none other purpose, but 
 sente for by the duke of Bretayne to lande in his countrey ; they sayd it was none other 
 lykely, foralwayes the shyppes kepte on the coste of Bretaygne, without force of wether 
 sometyme caused them to depai-te : yet alwayes breuely they retourned agayne to the 
 same coste. 
 
 Ye haue herde here before howe the duke of Lacastre was departed out of the realmes 
 of Castyle, and Portugale : the imagynacyons that he had, turned hym to great dys- 
 pleasure, for he sawe well his busynesse was sore troubled and darked, as fortune often- 
 tymes falleth in sondrie persons, somtyme good, somtyme yuell, whan it is lest thought 
 on : for whan the duke of Lancastre departed out of the realme of Englande, acopanyed 
 with good me of armes and archers, he thought than to haue sped otherwise than he 
 dyde : he sawe and herde howe that in xv. dayes he had loste all Galyce, whiche was a 
 long season or he had won it, the space of xvi. wekes; and besyde that his men deed 
 and sparcled abrode, some here and soe there, and hoped of no conforte out of Englade, 
 for the Englysshmen were wery of the warre of Spaygne: they thought it ouer long and 
 farre of fro them ; so the duke of Lancastre thought his busynesse in a harde case, 
 seyng no comforte: he spake lytell but he thought uioche more : in his ymaginacyon he 
 lyconed his iourney to the voiage that the duke of Aniou made into the realme of Na- 
 ples, for whan he departed out of the realme of Fraunce, he was well furnysshed of all 
 maner of thyng, and wente with great richesse, puissaunce, and a great nombre of noble 
 men of armes, knightes and squie'rs, and at the ende all were slayne and lost. Thus the 
 duke of Lancastre reckoned his voyage to come to nothynge, by reason of suche dis- 
 conforte as he had. The erle of Foiz, who was in his countre of Bierne, and was right 
 sage and ymaginatyue, sayd, and acconipted the duke of Lacasters vyage but l^ost, as 
 inrecoueryng of the realme of Castyle, whiche he chalenged. The duke of Lacastre, 
 who was a sage and a wise prince, and valyaunl amonge all his disconfytures, yet som- 
 tyme he toke c&forte to hymselfe, I shall shewe you howe, and by what meanes. 
 
 He 
 
 • Gueldres, ^ Nimeguen. f Blainville. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 359 
 
 He sawe well he had a fayre doughter by the lady Custaunce his wyfe, dous;hter to 
 done Peter, kyng of Castyle, in whose right and ciayme he made his warre in Castyle ; 
 he thought, thoughe fortune were agaynst hym at that tyme, yet it myght tourne good to 
 his doughter, who was fayre and yonge, for she had ryght to the heritage of Castyle, by 
 reason of her mother, and thought y some valyaunt man of Fraunce wolde be gladde to 
 couet to haue her in maryage, as well for the right that she hadde to the realme of Cas- 
 tyle, as for her hyghe lynage : for it myght well be sayde, that her extraction was of the 
 hyghest lynage of Christendome : wherfore the duke of Lacastre wolde gladly haue had 
 some treatie of mariage with some noblema of Fraunce ; he knewe well the Freche kyng 
 had a yong brother called the duke of Towrayne, who he thought shulde be able to 
 recouer his doughters ryght in Castyle, for he knewe uell that the puyssaunce of 
 Fraunce helde in his aduersaries in the herytage of Castile ; wherfore he thought, 
 y if they wolde take his parte, they myght lightly putte his doughter in possessyon of 
 the realme of Castyle, if he myght marry her to the Frenche kynges brother. 
 
 Howe the duke of Berrey sent letters to the duke of Lancaslre to Bayon, and howe 
 the duke sent the copije of the same letters into Foiz, and into JVauer, to thentent 
 to haue them publi/sshed in Spayne. And howc the duke of Bretayn demanded 
 coiisayle of his men in all his busynesse. 
 
 CAP. CXXVII." 
 
 ON this ymaginacyon rested the duke of Lancastre, nat all onely on the duke of 
 Towrayne, but also on the duke of Berrey, for (as ye haue herde here before,) y duke 
 of Berrey and his sonne were widowers, bothe their wyues deed. This mater, I, the 
 auctour of this boke, kncAve of suretie; for the same tyme I was on the fronters of Berrey, 
 and Poitou, inthecountie ofBloys, with the right honorable lorde Guy erle of Bloys, by 
 whom and at his desyre I folowed the cotynuauce of this historic. The duke of Berrey 
 set all his entencion and pleasure to be agayne maryed, and oftetymes he wolde say 
 among his men, howe that a lorde was lytell worthe without a lady, nor another ma 
 without a wyfe. Than some of his cousayle sayd to hym. Sir, marry agayne your son, 
 therby your house shal be the more ioyfull. A, sirs, quod the duke, my sonne is 
 yong. Why, sir, quod they, haue ye nat sene howe the Erie of Bloyes hath maryed 
 his sonne, who is as yonge as he, to your doughter ? That is trouthe, quod the duke, 
 let se, name a wyfe for him. Sir, quod they, we shall name the duke of Lancasters 
 doughter. With that worde the duke studyed a season, and gaue none answere, and 
 ymagined sore ; and than to suche as were of his secrete counsayle, he sayd, ye speke 
 to mary Johan my sonne to my cosyn, the duke of Lancasters doughter ; by saynt 
 Denyce ye haue well deuysed, but she shulde be a good wyfe for ourselfe, and shortely 
 I shall write to our cosyn the duke of Lancastre ; he is at Bayone, as I am enformed, I 
 wolde sende hym worde howe I shall sende shortely to hym some of my counsayle to 
 treate of this maryage; but I saye, nat for my sonne, I shall marry hym in some other 
 place. Whan his coijsayle herde hym saye so, they smyled. Than y duke demaunded 
 wherat they smiled. Sir, quod they, we laught at that ye had rather haue a good tourne 
 yourselfe than your sonne shulde. By my faythe, quod the duke, and good reason 
 
 why: 
 
 * This chapter ought to be numbered CXXIII. 
 
360 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 why: for my fayre cosyn of Lancastre wyll nat so soone agre to my sonne as to myselfe. 
 Than incontynent letters were written into higlie Gascoyne, to Bayon, to the duke of 
 Lacastre, and sente by honourable messangers. Whan they came to y duke they 
 delyuered their letters. The duke toke and reed the, and whan he had well parceyued 
 theffecte of the mater, he was right ioyfull and made good chere to the messagers, and 
 shewed that he was well content therwith, and wrote agayne by them other letters ry<rht 
 amiably, certifyeng the duke of Berrey howe he was right ioyfull of his letters. These 
 messangers returned, and foude their lorde in Poitou, preparyng hymselfe to go into 
 Fraunce: for the Freche kyng and the duke of Burgoyne had sent for hym, for to 
 comune of the state of Bretayne : than he opyned the letters that his cosyn the duke of 
 Lancastre had sente hym, and had ioye of the answere, and thought surely to pursue 
 the matter to efFecte, but he myght nat leaue his voyage into Fraunce, and so went 
 thyder as shortely as he coulde. Thanne he wrote to a knyght of his, called sir Helyon 
 of Lignacke, who as than Avas seneschall of Rochell, and of the countre of Rocheloys, 
 comaundyng hym that incontynent on the sight of his letters, he to sette all thyng there 
 in good order, and than to come to hym to Parys withoute fayle. Whan sir Helyon 
 ofLignac, who was at Rochell, vnderstode those tidynges, and parceyued by the duke 
 of Berreys letters, howe he was sent for in all hast, he made hym redy, and in his ab- 
 sence he made two capitaynes at Rochell, two valyaunt men to be gouerners of all Ro- 
 cheloys ; they were of the countre of Beaulse, the one called sir Peter of yon, and the 
 other sir Peter of Tayllepy. This done, sir Helyon tooke his waye into Fraunce the 
 shortest way he coude, for he knewe nat what the duke wolde do with hym, that he 
 sente for hym so hastely. 
 
 Nowe let vs sowhat speke of the duke of Lancastre, who was at Bayon, and had 
 great ymaginacions of y busynesse tiiat his cosyn the duke of Berrey had written to hym 
 of; first, he wolde nat that it shulde be hydden, but rather publysshed abrode, to the 
 entent that his ennemyes shulde knowe it, and specially in the house of kynge Johan 
 of Castyle ; and so the duke of Lancastre wrote to dyuers, and sent them the copye of 
 the duke of Berreys letters, shewynge by his writyng that he had great affectyon to 
 treate of the maryage bytwene his doughter and the duke of Berry ; first, he sent his 
 letters to the erie of Foiz, bycause he knewe well y to the erles house prepared all 
 maner of gentylmen, knightes and squyers, as well comyng and goynge to the kyng of 
 Spayne, as on pylgrimage to saynt James ; also he wrote to the kyng of Nauer, who 
 had to his wyfe y kyng of Castels suster, and had by her many chyldren, to thentent 
 that the brute therof shulde the better be certifyed in the kyng of Castels court, rather 
 than by flyeng wordes ; also the duke wrote of this mater to the kyng of Portugale, but 
 he wrote no worde therof ito England, to the kyng, nor to his bretherne, for he knewe 
 well he shulde haue no thanke for his enterprice, as they were nat content indede, (as 
 ye shall here after,) whan y mater requyreth it. In the meane season we shall speke of 
 other maters, as of the duke of Bretayne, the mater lyeth there after. 
 
 Whan the duke of Berrey was come into Fraunce to the kyng, and to the duke of 
 Burgoyne, his brother, and to other of his counsayle, as the bysshoppe of Langers, the 
 bysshoppe of Laon, y lorde of Coucy, and other barons of Frauce, than beyng there 
 of the kynges secrete counsayle, they had many metynges to comune toguyder, as well 
 of the state of Guerles,^ (whyder the kyng had great alFection to go,) as of the duke of 
 Bretaygne, whom they coude bring to no leason, nor wolde nat obey, nor wyste nat 
 whom to sende to hym that he wolde beleue, for there hadde ben many valyant men and 
 
 sage 
 
 ' Gueldres, 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 361 
 
 sa2;e with hym, but all that aueyled nothyng, for they coiide bring nothyng to passe 
 asthey desyred, wherof the kyng and his counsaile was sore troubled : for they vnder- 
 stode well that the duke of Bretaygiie had all that wyiiter prouyded and fortifyed his 
 townes and castelles, and shewed howe by lykelyhode he hadde rather haue warre than 
 peace ; and the wysest of the counsayle sayd, we speke of goynge into Almayne," but 
 we ought rather to speke of goynge into Bretaygne, and to puUe downe the duke there, 
 who is so highe mynded that he wyll here no reasone, and is alwayes agaynst the crowne 
 of Frauce, and disdaynelh to be obedyent thervnto: we shal haue no reasone of hym 
 without we force him therto, for and if he be sufTred he wyll be to presumptuous : he 
 feareth no man, nor he iouelh nor prayseth no man but hymselfe ; this is a clere case, 
 if the kyn^e 0^0 into Almaygne/ and leaue his realme bare of men, as he muste do if he 
 go thyderV the duke of Bretaigne than wyll suffre the Englisshemen to come into his 
 countrey, and so entre into Frauce ; the apparaunce lierof is great,, for there is allredy 
 a great army of archers on the see, and they kepe sly 1 1 on the coste of Bretaygne, for 
 if wynde and wether putte theym of, yet euer ihey drawe thyder agayne, and lyeth 
 there at ancre, besemyng taryeng tyll the warre be opyn : wherfore we thynke it were 
 good yet to sende agayne to the duke, the bisshoppe of Langers, and the erle of saynt 
 Poule, for the duke and the erle haue maryed two susters. Naye, sirs, nat so, quod 
 maister yues," who was a very breton : if ye wyll sende to the duke agayne, ye can nat 
 sende one more agreable to hym than the lorde of Coucy, for in lykewyse they haue 
 maryed two susters, and haue loued marueylously togyder, and haue euer written eche 
 to other, Fayre brother; and with the lorde of Coucy sende whom ye wyll. Well, 
 quod the duke of Burgoyne, Maister yues, sithe ye haue begon, name you the rest. 
 Sir, with right a good wyll, sithe it pleaseth you; with the lorde of Coucy sende sir 
 Johan of Vyen, and the lorde de la Ryuer ; these be suche thre lordes as shall bring hym 
 to reason, if he wyll euer come to any. Thus let it be, quod the dukes of Berrey, and 
 of Burgoyne ; than they were apoynted and charged what they shulde saye, and wher- 
 vpon they shulde groude their mater, and to handell hym by fayre wordes : thus they 
 taryed a certayne space or they departed fro Parys. The duke of Bretayne knewe well 
 of their comyng or they departed fro Parys, but he coude nat tell whan : and he sawe 
 ■well the mater" touched highlye in that the lorde of Coucy came ; the duke had many 
 ymaginacyons on that mater, and discouered his mynde to certayne of his cousayle, as 
 the lorde of Mountbouchier, and demaunded counsayle of hym and of other, and sayd : 
 Sirs, I here as the brute roneth, that the duke of Lacastre shulde mary his doughter into 
 Fraunce, to the duke of Berrey, and the mater is so forwarde, that sir Helyon of Lig- 
 nacke is goyng to the duke to Bayon, and the duke greatly enclyneth to this maryage, 
 wherof I hauegreat marueyle, for my fayre brother of Lancastre hath nat written to me 
 therof, so that 1 knowe nothyng of the mater but by heryng saye ; he was nat accustomed 
 so to do, for in all his maters touchyng Frauce, he was wont to write to me. Than his 
 cousayle answered and said, Sir, if it be thus, it must behoue you to chauge your pur- 
 pose, or els it shal be greatly to your losse and daunger, and bring your coutre into 
 warre, whiche were good to eschewe : for ye nede nat to make warre sythe ye maye be 
 in peace, yea, and desyred therto ; also my lady your wyfe is great with chylde, the 
 whiche ye ought to regard e ; the kynge of Nauer can but lytell ayde you, for he hath 
 ynoughe to do for hymselfe ; also the duke of Lacastre, who is a sage and a valyant 
 prince, (as it is sayd,) shall mary his doughter to the duke of Berrey ;_this shal be a gret 
 begynnyng to entre into a treatie of peace bytwene Englande and Frauce, or elles a long 
 truse ; and by reason therof ye shall se at the ende the kyng of Castell putte out of his 
 realme, as they haue kepte hym in, and the rather if the duke of Lancastre and the 
 Englysshemen be agreed with hym ; and also it is of irouthe, that the lorde Coucye, 
 Vol. II. 3 A admyrall 
 
 " Germany. " " D'Orient"— om»«erf. 
 
362 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 admyrall of Fraunce, and the lorde de la Ryuer, are comyng hyder, ye maye well 
 knowe that is for some great cause touchynge the kyng, who busyeth hymselfe for his 
 costable, and for his Reahne ; and by lykelyhode the kynge and his vncles wyll knowe 
 presiseiy what ye wyll do, and wheder ye wyll kepe styll your opinyon or nat ; and if 
 ye kepe styll your purpose, it is to be ymagined that the great armye that is prepared 
 for to go into Guerles^ shall tourne agaynst you : nowe remembre well what conforte ye 
 are likely to haue yfye haue warre with Fraunce, whiche ye are moost lykely to haue, 
 if the duke of Lancaster marry his doughter into Frauce, as be semyng he wyll, for he 
 can nat bestowe her better to recouer her herytage ; also ye knowe well that the moost 
 parte of the prelates, barons, knyghtes, and squyers, and cyties and good townes, are 
 in maner agaynst you ; therfore sir, sithe ye demaunde counsayle of vs, we saye that ye 
 had neuer so moche cause to aduyse you, (as ye haue nowe ;) therfore putte to your 
 hande to kepe well your herytage, whiche hath cost the shedyng of so moche blode, 
 sweate, and traueyle, and refrayne somwhat your yre and hateied : we knowe well ye 
 beare great dyspleasure to sir Olyuer Clysson ; he hath done you many displeasures, 
 and ye hym, and paraduenture may do, though he be nat lyke vnto you ; the Freche 
 kynge and his vncles wyll maynteygne hym agaynst you, for he shall be Constable ; 
 and if kynge Charles that laste dyed, (who loued hym so well,) hadde lyued, and ye 
 done as ye haue done, we knowe well it shulde rather haue cost the kynge halfe his 
 realme, thanne he wolde haue suffred it; but kynge Charles his sonne is yonge : he 
 taketh nat so good hede to all maters nowe, as he wolde do tenne yeres here after ; he 
 cometh on, and ye shall go: if ye entre into a newe warre agaynst the Frenchemen, 
 (besyde all that we haue shewed you,) ye shall do it without our counsayle, and without 
 the counsayle of any man that loueth you ; it behoueth you to dissymule whatsoeuer ye 
 purpose to do here after : what nede you to kepe the thre castelles parteynyng to sir 
 Olyuer of Clyssons herytage, after the maner ye toke them ? Wheder it be so ye haue 
 peace or warre, they shall coste you more the kepynge of theym in thre yeres, than 
 they shall profyte you in twelue yeres ; Sir, delyuer them agayne out of your handes 
 without any desyre, and whan the renome therof spredeth abrode, (as there is nothynge 
 done but it wyll be knowen,) y without costreynt ye haue delyuered them of your owne 
 mynde, ye shall therby attemper and molifye euery mannes displeasure, and it shall 
 greatlye please the duke of Burgoyne, who ye knowe well hath nat done so moche 
 agaynst you as he myght, in all your busynesse, and that is by the meanes of the good 
 lady his wyfe, your cosyn ; she hath many fayre chyldren, who are nexte of blode to 
 you ; therfore sir, consyder fro whens ye came and are issued : departe nat farre of fro 
 thens, that ye ought to approche nere, it were foUye. In Englande ye hadde neuer 
 thyng to do ; also the Englysshmen haue ynoughe to do amonge themselfe, they shewe 
 you fayre semblaunt of loue, and promyse to do for you all y they maye, but they do it 
 for their owne aduauntage and for nothynge elles : ye haue proued them or this; ye 
 were norisshed amonge the in your youthe. 
 
 Gueldres. 
 
 Houe 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 363 
 
 Howe the diiJce of Bretayne delyuered vp the thre caslelks of sir Olyuer CUssoiis : 
 and home he receyued ioyomly the lorde of Coney and his company, amhassadours 
 fro the freche kyng : and howe the duke of Lucastre made grele there to sir 
 Helyon of Lignacke, seneschall of Xaynton, ambassadoure fro the duke of Ber- 
 rey. 
 
 CAP. CXXVIII* 
 
 WHAN the duke of Bretayne had herde his counsayle spoke, and cast so many 
 reasonable doubles, he was abasshed, and stoode styll a season without spekynge of any 
 worde : leanyng in a wyndowe lokyng downe into the courte, his counsayle beyng aboute 
 hym, he stode in a great study ; at last he tourned and said, sirs, I se well that ye 
 haue highly cousayled me, and I se well I haue nede of nothynge so moche as of good 
 counsayle, but howe may any loue be norisshed, where is nothyng but hate ? howe 
 maye 1 loue Olyuer of Clysson, that hath done me so many dyspleasures ? wherfore of 
 all the thynges that euer I dyde in this worlde, I moost repente me of that I dyd nat put 
 hym to dethe whan I had hym in my castell of Ermyne. In the name of god, sir, quod 
 they of his counsayle, (if he had ben slayne,) but ye ought nat to haue raunsomed hym, 
 nor taken his herytage, for Johan of Bretayne, and the Vycount of Rohers'' sonne, be 
 his heyres, and herytours to all his landes, for his doughters are their wyues : wherfore 
 they wolde haue entred into the heritage as their owne, for their resort is into the Par- 
 lyament chambre at Parys, for ye haue receyued allredy great blame in Fraunce for that 
 ye haue done, and kepynge of the thre castelles ; the constable hath entred his quarell 
 and plee agaynst you in the parlyament house of Parys, and there sentence wyll be 
 gyuen agaynst you, for there is none to answere for you agaynst any artycle that the 
 Constable hath layde agaynst you : than sir Olyuer of Clysson and his heyres shall haue 
 iuste cause and quarell to make warre agaynst you in his owne tytell ; and if the kynge 
 with other of your owne countrey of Bretayne, wyll make you warre, and ayde your 
 ennemyes, ye haue nede thafie to haue more puyssaunce to defende you, thaiie we can 
 se that ye are lyke to haue ; wherfore, sir, while the plee hangeth, ye were best to de- 
 lyuer agayne the thre castelles and haue thake, than to abyde the sentence to be gyuen 
 agaynst you : Sir, agre for suche dommages as ye haue done as well as ye canne, therby 
 shall you wade out of all sclaundre, thewhiche a prince ought to dout for his dishonour; 
 and sir, coferrae you to peace, and contynue in loue with them that ye ought to do, 
 that is the Frenche kynge, your soueraygne and naturall lorde, and my lorde the duke 
 of Burgoyne, and your cosyns his chyldren ; ye may take ensample by that ye haue sene 
 in youre dayes ; your cosyn germayne therle of Flauders, who was a myghtie prince and 
 a sage, yet by insydetes in thende of his dayes there fell to hym suche marueylous ad- 
 uentures, y without he had humyled hymselfe to the freche kynge, to his vncles, and 
 to the nobles of the realme, he had loste his herytage, and by their ayde and heipe he 
 recouered it. Well, sirs, quod the duke, silhe I haue demaunded counsayle it be- 
 houeth me to take it, and 1 accepte your wordes that ye haue spoken. 
 
 This mater wente so forwarde, that the duke of Bretaygne, who was in possessyon of 
 the thre castelles of the constables (as ye haue herde here before), he sent for his men 
 that was in them, and rydde his handes dene of them ; and there were stablysshed men 
 in them for the constable: but this restytuicion was nat suffycient in the opynion of the 
 
 g A 2 Frenche 
 
 • This chapter ought to be numbered CXXIV. " Rohan. 
 
364 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 Frenche kynges counsayle, wout the duke restored agayne the money that he hadde 
 taken of the Constable ; and besyde that, the duke to come personally to the kyng to 
 Parys, to make his excuse before all the peres of the realme, and to abyde on the 
 mendes makynge, suche as the kyng and his cousayle shulde iudge by good delybera- 
 cion. And whan the knowledge of the restytucion of these castels was come to the 
 lorde of Goucye and to the other lordes that were apoynted to go into Bretaygne to the 
 duke, than the lorde of Coucy sayde to his company, Sirs, we haue the lesse to do ; 
 I beleue the duke wyll gyue credence to vs whan he heareth vs speke. I was enfourmed 
 that before these thre barons departed fro Parys, the dukes of Berrey and of Bourgoyne 
 had them in counsayle, and sayde, Sirs, ye muste entreate the duke of Bretaygne with 
 fayre and swete wordes, and nat rigorously, and shewe hym howe y duke of Bourgoyne 
 wolde that he shulde come to Parys to the kyng: but at leest shewe hym howe he muste 
 come to the halfe way to the towne of Bloyes, and there we shall mete with hym and 
 speke toguyder. These thre lordes said they wolde do as they were comauded. They 
 rode forthe and came to the cytie of Rennes in Bretayne, and there demauded tidinges 
 of the duke ; and it was shewed them howe he was at Wannes, and than they rode 
 thyder. Their comynge was anon knowen in the dukes court, for they had sent before 
 their herbygers to take vp their lodgynges. The duke had about hym his counsayle 
 and great lordes, suche as he trusted most, the more honourably to receyue these lordes. 
 Whan they entred into the towne of Wanes they had good chere, and lordes and 
 knyghtes of the dukes mette them, and specially the lorde de la Wall : there they 
 alyghted at their lodgynges and refresshed themselfe,and after mounted on their horses 
 and rode to the dukes caslell called la Mote, where they foude the duke, who came 
 agaynst them and receyued the right ioyously: and sayd, howe they were all right 
 hertely welcome : and toke the lorde of Coucy by the hande, and made hym good chere, 
 and sayde, Fayre brother, ye be welcome ; I am gladde to se you in Bretayne ; I shall 
 shewe you sporte of huntyng at hartes and flyeng with haukes or we depnrte asodre. Sir, 
 quod the lorde of Coucy, I thanke you ; I and my company shall be gladde to se it. 
 There was shewed bytwene them great lykelyhode of loue ; and the duke brought hym 
 to his chambre, sportyng and talkyng of many ydell matters, as lordes do often tymes 
 whan they mete, and haue nat sene toguyder longe before, they wyll fynde many son- 
 drie pastymes ; and specially I knewe four lordes, the best entertayners of all other that 
 euer I knewe: that was the duke of Brabant, the erle of Foiz, the erle of Sauoy, and in 
 especiall the lorde of Coucy ; for accordynge to myne aduyse, in all goodly pastymes he 
 was a souerayne maister, whiche brute he bare amonge all lordes and ladyes in Fraunce, 
 in Englaude, in Almaygne,^ in Lombnrdy, and in all places where as he had ben conuer- 
 sant ; and in his tyme he had been sore traueyled and sene moche in the worlde, and also 
 he was naturally enclyned to be gentyll. And thus whyle these lordes were mery talk- 
 ynge toguyder, there was brought spyces and wyne, and so they dranke, and than toke 
 their leaues and retourned to their lodgynges. Thus the mater went forthe y fyrstday, 
 without makyng of any mencyon of any thyng that they were come for. 
 
 Nowe let vs somwhat speke of sir He! yon of Lygnacke, whom the duke of Berrey 
 had( «. sent to the duke of Lancastre. The knyght came to Bayon, and alyghted at his 
 lodgynge, and apparelled hymselfe to go and speke with the duke of Lacastre, who 
 knewe well of his c5myng, and sent right honourably two of his knyghtes to mete with 
 hym, and they brought hym to the duke ; and whan sir Helyon was in the dukes pre- 
 Bens he kneled downe, and saluted hym as it aperteyned. The duke receyued hym 
 ryght honourably, and tooke hym vp in his armes, and toke hym by y hande, and ledde 
 hym into his cliabre, for he mette hym in the hall: thanne the knyght delyuered his 
 
 letters 
 
 * Germany, 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 365 
 
 letters I'lo the duke of Beney. The duke reed them, and thanne he drewe to sir 
 Helyon, and the knight declared to him the cause of his comyng. Than the duke an- 
 swered right courtesly, and sayd, Sir, ye be right welcome, and sayd howe the mater was 
 weyghtie that he was coe inv, vvherfore it requyred counsaile and delyberacion. Thus 
 sir Helyon taryed at Bayon with the duke of Lancastre more than a moneth, and al» 
 wayes he was serued with fayre wordes ; and the duke alwayes foded hym forthe and 
 made sembiant that he had great afl'ection to treate for this mariage with the duke of 
 Berrey: howebeit, the trouthe was cotrary, for all that he shelved was but dissymula- 
 cion, and the cause that he was helde tliere so long with hym was for none other thing 
 but that the brute therof myght ronne abrode, and specially into y realme of Castyle, for 
 there lay all his affection. The duke sayde to sir Helyon, Sir, ii' I treat with the duke 
 of Berrey to haue my doughter in maryage, thane he must ioyne with me with all his 
 puysauce to encounter myne aduersaries of Spayne, if he wyll recouer the heritage of 
 my doughter, whom he sliulde haue to wyfe. Than sir Helyon sayd. Sir, I haue no 
 charge to confyrme any tliynge so forwarde; but, sir, if it please you or I departe, ye 
 maye write all your pleasure by me, and I shall returne and shewe my lorde the duke of 
 Beney all your entent, and I am sure (he hath suche affection to the mater) he wyll 
 agree to euery thynge that he may do by reason. I desyre no more, quod the duke of 
 Lancastre. Thus sir Helyon of Lygnacke taryed a season at Bayon, and had good chere 
 made hym by the dukes comauudement. 
 
 Howe the kynge of Castyle sente his ambassadours to the duke of Lacasire to treate 
 for a maryage, to be had bytwene his somie and the dukes doughter; and howe. at 
 the requeite of the duke of Berrey a truse was made by the duke of Lancastre in 
 the countreys of 'Tholousyn and JxouergJie. 
 
 CAP. CXXIX.^ 
 
 TIDINGES came into the realme of Castyle into dyuerse places, and specyally to 
 kyng Johan of Castyle, and it was sayde to hym, Sir, ye knowe nothyng of the trealye 
 that is bytwene the duke of Berrey and the duke of Lancastre. The duke of Berrey 
 •wolde haue in maryage the lady Katheryne, doughter to the duke of Lancastre and to 
 the lady Costance his wyfe ; and if this maryage take effecte (as it is lyke to do) it shal 
 be a great alyaunce, for the duke of Berrey is nowe as one of the chiefe rulers in the 
 realme of Fraunce, and is vncle to the kyng: he shal be beleued whatsoeuer he saye or 
 purpose to do (as it is reason), Avheder it be by meanes of peace or longe truse. On the 
 other parte, the duke of Lancastre is eldest of all his bretherne, that be vncles to the 
 kyng: he shall also be beleued, for he is sage and puyssaut, and by that it semeth the 
 Englysshmen are wery of the warre. This maryage bytwene the Duke of Lancasters 
 doughter and the duke of Berrey is lykely to be a great meane to make a good peace by- 
 twene Frauce and Englande, and than shal we here sticke styll in the warre : for the 
 duke of Lacastre wyll folowe and pursue his chalenge of the realme of Castyle, and the 
 right y he hath by his wyfe he shall gyue it to his doughter, and so than shall we haue 
 warre bothe with Fraunce and Englande. These doutes were layde to the kynge of 
 Castyle : and at that tyme all the Frenchmen that had serued long in the realme of Cas- 
 tyle were retourned into Fraunce ; and the chiefe of the kynge of Castyls counsayle sayd 
 to hym, sir, take hede to vs, ye neuer had so great nede of good counsayle as ye haue at 
 this presente tyme ; for, sir, a peryllous myst is lyke to be engendred bytwene you and 
 
 the 
 
 ' This chapter ought lo be numbered CXXV. 
 
366 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 the duke of Lacastre, and that shall come by the meanes of Frauce. Howe so? quod 
 the kyng, howe may that be? In the name of god, sir, quod ihey, the brule and renome 
 spredc;th throughe all this countrey and elsewlieie howe the duke of Beriey shall mary 
 the duke of Lacasteis doughter ; and, sir, ye maye be sure that shall nat be, but by the 
 meanes of a great alyai^ice, so that therby here after ye maye be as fane cast behynde 
 by them as ye haue ben auaunced. Whan the kyng of Castyle knewe those tidyn2;es, 
 he was right pensyue, and savve well howe his counsayle shewed hym the irouthe : than 
 he demaunded counsayle of them that he trusted best, howe he shulde perceuer and 
 deale in all his busynesse ; and they counsayled hym well and truely, as the mater re- 
 quyred, as I shall shewe you. 
 
 Ye knowe well (as ye haue herde before in this hystorie) howe kynge Henry of 
 Spaygne made a peace with Peter kynge of Arragone, on the full poyntment that the 
 kyng of Arragon shulde gyue his doughter in maryage to the kynge of Castyle. This 
 was Johan, who is nowe kyng ; and by this coniunction of maryage they were I peace 
 and their realmes. Of this Johan, sonne to Henry, and of the doughter of Arragon, 
 there came a sonne : than dyed the lady; and after the dethe of kynge Henry of Cas- 
 tyle, this kyng Johan, by the cousaile of his men, maryed agayne the lady Beatrice, 
 doughter to Fernando kynge of Portugale ; and they hadde a sonne called Henry, he 
 was but yonge. Than the counsayle of Castyle sayd to the kyng, Sir, we se in all these 
 doutes but one remedy. What is that? quod kyng Johan. Sir, we shall shewe you, 
 quod they, your yong sonne Henry may well breke this maryage bytwene the duke of 
 Berrey and the duke of Lancasters doughter: for it is to be beleued that the duke of La- 
 castre and the duches his wyfe had rather marchant with you and with your sonne than 
 with the duke of Berrey. In the name of god, quod the kynge, ye saye well ; I shall 
 herken to this mater; I thynke our people wyll lightly enclyne thervnto : by that 
 manage we shulde haue peace with Englande, bothe by lande and by water ; therfore, 
 sirs, chose out them that were mete to go in our name, to treate on this mater with the 
 duke of Lancastre. Sir, quod they, it is requisyte that they be discrete persones, and 
 that the matter be wisely handeled, and in the secretest maner that maye be, to the en- 
 tente that ye ronne nat in the indignacyon of the Frenche kynge ; for nowe a dayes 
 enuy rayneth greatly, and sooner reporle is made of yuell than of good, and the yuell 
 sooner reysed vp than the good ; for if they of Fraiice knowe that ye treate with the 
 duke of Lacastre, the Frenche kynge and his counsayle wyll demaude whervpon ye 
 treate with the duke, by reasone of the great alyaunce made in tyme past bytwene your 
 father and Frauce ; and also the Frenchemen haue alwayes susleyned your warre : wher- 
 fore, sir, your treaties must be done secretely ; and sende to the duke sage men and 
 secrete, and mcII enstructed of your busynesse ; and sende nat forthe with boost and 
 pride tyll euery thynge be in a sure case. It it true, quod the kynge ; name them that 
 be mete to go on that voyage. Sir, quod they, sende your confessour frere Fernado of 
 Farre^ and the bysshoppe of Geghene, who was sometyme confessour to the kynge your 
 father, and Peter Gardelopes,'' who is well languaged. I am content, quod the kynge, 
 lette them be sente for, and well enfourmed what they shall say : they wolde or this tyme 
 haue treated for a peace, but we wolde natte here them, for the duke of Lancastre wolde 
 none olherwyse, but that I shulde haue forsaken the Crowne of Castyle, the whiche I 
 wyll neuer do. Than these thre were sent for to Burgus in Spayne, where the kyng 
 was : than it was sayd to them by the kynge and his priuye counsayle : Sirs, ye muste go 
 to Bayon to the duke of Lancastre : and shewed them all their instructions. They sayde, 
 they were redy to accomplysshe the kynges commaudement : and so sette forthe on their 
 iourney, nat in no gret estate, but symply, for they wolde nat be knowen that they wente 
 
 to 
 
 ' De Torre. '' Gardelempos. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 367 
 
 to the duke of Licastre as ambassadours to treate for any alyaunce, for they knewe nat 
 hovve to spede. Thus ihey entred into Nauerre and came to Pampylona, and there 
 founde the kynire and the quene. First, they came tiiyder bycause the quene was suster 
 to the kynge of Castyle: there they hadde good chere, but they nouther shewed the 
 kyne; nor the quene where about they wente, and so passed thorough the countrey by 
 the mountayns of Roseaulx^ and entred into Bisquay, and so rode tyil they came to 
 Bayon. 
 
 Whane they were come to the towne of Bayon, sir Helyon of Lignacke was styll 
 there, who was sente fro the duke of Berrey (as ye haue herde here before) ; but after 
 the comynge of the castilyans they taryed nat longe after, for frere don Fernando, the 
 kynge of Castyls confessour, came to the duke of Lancastre, for he knewe hym better 
 than any of the other: he began somwhat to breke the mater, and to shew-e the cause of 
 their comynge. The duke opyned his eares to his wordes, and was gladde to here those 
 tidynges, and sayde, Frere Fernando, ye be welcome ; and the same day sir Helyon of 
 Lignacke was delyuered: and, as I vnderstode, the duke accorded the same tyme to a 
 truse on all partes, for suche as made warre for hym in Acquitayne, Bygore, Thoulous, 
 and other place, to endure vnto the firste day of Maye, in the yere of our lorde god a 
 thousande thre hundred fourscore and nyne ; this truse to contynue all the countrey to 
 the ryuer of Loyre and no further. This truese was concluded at the request of the 
 duke of Berrey, to the entent that he myght sende in and out to the duke of Lancastre : 
 for before they of the fortresses of Mortaygne on y see, of Bouteuyli, of Rouuergue, 
 of Quercyn,'' of Pyergourt," and they on the ryuer of Garon, were people without 
 mercy ; they wolde knowe no manne ; wherfore these two dukes accorded to this 
 truese, the whiche was well kepte. Whan sir Helyon of Lignacke departed fro y duke 
 there was grete loue shewed, for the duke said howe the mater pleased him right well: 
 howebeit, the duke sayd playnlye he wolde neuer marry his doughter into Fraunce, 
 without the consent and accorde of the kyng of Englande his nephue, and also by the 
 agrement of the counsayle of Englade ; but he sayd, he trusted so to order the mater, 
 that all shiilde do well. Thus sir Helyon of Lignacke departed and returned into 
 Fraiice, and shewed the duke of Berrey his letters that the duke of Lancastre had sent 
 him, and shewed hym by mouthe all the maner howe euery thyng wente, and so y 
 duke was well content. 
 
 Nowe lette vs speke of the kynge of Castyls ambassadours, to whome the duke of 
 Lacaslre gaue good eare, and so dyd the duches, for all their hertes and ymaginacions 
 lay euer on their chalenge of Spayn. 
 
 The duke made these ambassadours good chere ; they came before the duke and the 
 duchesse, and there shewed their message : first they treted for peace, and there the 
 frere preached in the dukes chabre, the duchesse present, and she shewed the duke the 
 entent of all his wordes, for \' duke vnderstode hym nat parfitely: the lady vnderstode 
 hym well, for in her youthe she was brought vp in Spaygne. The duke, for all that the 
 mater of their comyng was pleasaut to him, yet he discouered nat to hastely his entente, 
 but sayd. Sirs, it wyll be very harde to make peace in that place, where as great hatered 
 and warre is resydent, and specially with them that be disheryted and kepte from their 
 herytage: sayeng, howe he wolde nat leaue the warre withoute he myght haue the 
 crowne of Castyle, the whiche he sayde was his right. The frere and the bisshoppe 
 sayd. Sir, bytwene your right and y ryght of the kynge our lorde there is but one meane, 
 and we haue founde it, if it may pleaseyou. What waye is that? quod the duke. Sir, 
 quod they, it is this : ye haue by my lady youre wyfe a feyre yonge lady to marry, and 
 
 the 
 
 ' Roncesvalles. *• Quercy. "^ Perigord. 
 
368 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 the kynge ofcastile, our souerayne lorde, hath a feyre yong sonne ; if they two my^ht 
 mary toguyder, the realme of Castyle shulde be in peace, and all that is your right 
 shulde retourne to you; and, sir, better can ye nat bestowe your heyre, who is disceded 
 of the right lyne of Castyle: the entent ye arme you (fyght, aduenture yourselfe, and 
 traueyle your body) is all onely for the right of your heyre. That is trewe, quod the 
 duke ; but than I wyll that the costes y I haue susteyned in the pursute there be recom- 
 pesed ; for I wyll ye knowe it hath cost me and the realme of Englande fyue hundred 
 thousande frakes ; wherofi wolde gladly se som recouerauce. Sir, quod the frere, if 
 our treatie be agreable to you, we trust to fynde such a meane that the mater shall take 
 good effect. Well, quod the duke, ye be welcome ; and howsoeuer it be, or howeso- 
 euer it shal be, or I retourne into Englande (outlier into Castyle or into Fraunce) I shall 
 mary my doughter, for I haue dyuers offres moued vnto me ; but maters of so great a 
 vveyght are nat lightly cocluded at the first tyme: for my doughter whome I repute (as 
 rightfull enheritour to spayne), I wyll knowe him well y shall haue her in maryage. 
 That is but reason, quod the frere. Thus as I haue shewed you this treatie began by- 
 twene the duke of Lacastre and these parties, as well of Castyle as of Frauce : he made 
 euery partie good chere, and made no full answere; but in his ymaginacion the treatie 
 of Spayne (the kynges sonne to mary his doughter) semed best to his purpose, bicause 
 in tyme to come his doughter shulde be queue of Castyle ; also the duches his wyfe en- 
 clyned moost to that treatie. 
 
 Nowe let vs leaue to speke of the duke of Lancastre and of all these treatyse, and re- 
 tourne to speke of the duke of Bretaygne. 
 
 Howe the dukes of Berrey and of Burgoyne departed to go to Bloys ; and howe the 
 duke of Bretayne cae tliyder ; and howe the dukes dyde so moche that they had hym 
 to Parys in maner agaynst his zuyll, 
 
 CAP. CXXX.* 
 
 AS I haue shewed you here before, y duke of Bretayne made good chere to the 
 French ambassadours, and specially to the lorde of Coucy ; for as I was enformed, he 
 was y chiefe that brake the duke fro his purpose, by reason of his fayre and swete 
 wordes : howebeit, the lorde Johan of Vyen and the lorde de la Ryuer dyde ryght well 
 their deuoyre ; but often tymes great princes and lordes wyll soner be entreated by one 
 man rather than by another. Moche payne it was to cause the duke of Bretayne to 
 agre to go to the tovvne of Bloys, to mete there the dukes of Berrey and of Burgoyne: 
 but he was brought thyder by fayre wordes ; and he sayde, surely he wolde go no fur- 
 ther thanne to the towne of Bloys ; and the lorde of Coucy sayd he desyred nothynge 
 elles. These thre lordes were with the duke of Bretaygne certayne dayes, and than 
 toke their leaues and retourned into Fraunce, and shewed the dukes of Berry and of 
 Burgoyne howe they hadde spedde. Thervpon these two dukes made them redy to go 
 to Bloyes, to mete there with the duke of Bretaygne, and sente thyder before to make 
 prouisyon as apertayned. Firste thyder came the duke of Berrey, and he was lodged in 
 the Castell, and there he founde the countesse, her sonne, and her doughter : they re- 
 ceyued hym honourably. The erle Guye of Bloys was as than in his owne countrey at 
 the castell Reygnaulte, and made no greate counte of the commynge of the duke of Bre- 
 taygne ; he thought it sufficyent that his wife and chyldren were there. Than thyder 
 came the duke of Burgoyne with a goodly trayne, and in his company came sir Wylliam 
 
 of 
 
 ' This chapter ought to be numbered CXXVI. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 369 
 
 of Heynaulte and liis sonne, erle of Ostreuante, and Johan of Burgoyne, sonne to tlie 
 duke called erle of Neuers: the duke lodged also in the castell, and there helde his 
 estate. Than after came the duke of Bretaygne, with no great trayne other than of his 
 house: he passed nat a thre hudred horses, for his entecyon was, that whan he had ones 
 sene the two dukes and spoken with them, to retourne into his owne countrey (without 
 ^oyntre any further into Fraunce) ; but the entente of the other two dukes was otherwise, 
 for they said whyder he wolde or nat he shulde go to Parys. 
 
 The duke of Bretaygne hymselfe lodged in the castell of Bloyes, in a chanons house 
 of saynt Sauyour, and his men lodged downe in the towne, and so dyd y other of all the 
 dukes seruauntes ; but the lordes laye in y castell, the Avhiche was fayre, great, and 
 stronge, one of the fayrest castelles in all the realme of Fraunce. There these Dukes 
 made good chere togyder, and shewed great loue, and they thanked the duke of Bretayne 
 of his comyng to the towne of Bloyes: and the duke answered and sayde, howe he was 
 come thyder lor the loue of them with great payne (for he fayned hymselfe nat well at 
 ease). Than these two dukes fell in communynge with the duke of Bretayne, shewyng 
 hym sithe he was come so farr forwarde, that he had done nothyng without he went to 
 Parys to se the kynge, Avho greatly desyred to se hym. The duke of Bretaygne began 
 greatlye to excuse hymselfe of that voyage, and layde many reasons, and sayd howe he 
 was nat well at his ease to make so longe a iourney, nor also he was nat accompanyed 
 therafter. Than he was swetely answered, that sauyng his displeasure, he shulde nede 
 no great trayne to go se his soueraygne lorde; and as for his rydinge, he shulde lacke 
 nouther chayre nor lytter to labour at his ease, for they said he was bounde to do ho- 
 mage to the kynge, for as than he had nat done it before. The duke sayd (excusynge 
 hymselfe) that whan the kynge were come to his laufuU age, and had the hole realme in his 
 ownegouernaunce, than he wolde come to Parys (or whyder it shulde please the kynge), 
 and than do his homage acordyng to reason. The other dukes sayd, that the kynge was 
 of age and wysdome suffycient to receyue homage, and howe that all other lordes of the 
 realme excepte he, had done their homage and made reliefe, affyrmynge howe the kynge 
 was xxi. yere of age. Whan the duke of Bretaygne sawe howe his excuses coude nat be 
 taken nor herde (sayde). Well, sirs, if I go to Parys it shal be greatlye agaynst my wyll 
 and to my preiudyce : for whan I come there, I shall fynde and se daylye before me sir 
 Olyuer of Clyssone, whom I can nat loue nor neuer dyde, nor he me (who shall 
 attempte me with rygorous wordes) my lordes, regarde well what inconuenyentes shall 
 ensue of my goynge thyder. Sir, quod the duke of Burgoyne, fayre cosyn, haue ye no 
 dout iherin, for we shall sweie solempnely to you, that withoute it shall be your owne 
 pleasure ye shall nouther se nor speke with the Constable, nor with Johan of Mount- 
 forde, as longe as ye shall be there. Of this, sir, ye shall be sure : but ye shall se the 
 kynge, who desyreth to se you and other lordes, knyghtes, and squyers of Fraunce, who 
 shall make you good chere ; and whanne ye haue done that ye loke for, ye shall retourne 
 agayne without peryll or dommage ; (wherto shulde I make longe processe). So moche 
 the duke of Bretayne was desyred with laire wordes, that he consented to go to Parys, 
 on the promyse that the Constable nor Johan of Mountl'orde shulde nat come in his 
 presece, thewhiche the dukes sware faithfully to vpholde, and thervpon he promysed 
 to go to Parys. A fyue dayes these dukes were at Bloyes, and eche of them feested 
 other ryght nobly, and the coutesse and her chyldren in lyke maner ; and whan euery 
 thyng was accomplysshed, the two dukes toke leaue of y duke of Bretaygne and retourned 
 to Parys ; but sir Wylliam of Heynaulte retourned nat to Parys with the duke of Bur- 
 goyne his faire father," but rode first w the countesse of Bloyes, who made hym right 
 
 Vol. II. 3 B good 
 
 ' Beatt-pcre: father-iii-lavv. 
 
370 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 good chere, and taryed there a thre dayes, and than toke his leaue and retourned into 
 Fraunce by the Castell Dune and Bonyuall. 
 
 Howe Lewes, kyng of Cycyle, entred into Parys in estate royall, and howe the duke 
 of Bretayne entred on the nyght of saynt Johan the Baptyst, the yere of grace a 
 thonsande, thre hundred fourscore and seuyn,' and of a dede of artnes doone before 
 the kyng at Mountereau faulte yon, bytwene a knyght of Englande, called sir 
 Thomas Harpingham^ and a frenche knyght, named sir Johan de Barres. 
 
 CAP. CXXXL-^ 
 
 THE duke of Bretaygne rode to Boygency"^ on the ryuer of Loyre, and there he or- 
 dered his businesse to go to Parys. Tlie same tyme before y duke of Bretaygne entered 
 into Parys there entred the quene of Cycyll and of Hierusalem, somtyme wyfe to the 
 Duke of Aniou, who was called kynge of those countreis and also of Naples, and with 
 her was her yonge sonne Lewes, who was as thanne (in all Fraunce) named kynge of all 
 the said landes; and in their company was Johan of Bretaygne, brother to the lady: 
 she sente worde before of her comynge to the dukes of Berrey and of Burgoyne, aduer- 
 tysyng the howe "-he brought in her company her yonge son Lewes their nephue, de- 
 syring to knowe w liether he shulde entre into Paris as a kynge, or elles symply as Lewes 
 of Aniou. The two dukes sente her worde (aduisynge and cousayling her) that he 
 shulde entre as kyng of Naples, of Cycyle, and of Hierusalem : and sente her worde, 
 that thoughe he were nat as thanne in possessyon of the realmes, yet they wolde entyse 
 the Frenche kyng that he shulde ayde hyra to conquere them, for so they sware to do to 
 their brother kyng Lois. After this maner the lady prepared for herselfe, and came 
 and entred into Parys, and made her sonne to ryde throughe the hyghe stretes by saynt 
 Jaques, so to his lodgynge in the greue, in estate royall, accompanyed with dukes, erles, 
 and prelates a great nombre. There the lady taryed with her sonne, and thanne wente 
 to se the kynge at his castell of Loure,' abydinge there the commynge of the duke of 
 Bretaygne. 
 
 Howe the duke of Bretaygne entred into Parys, and came to the castell of Loure^ to 
 
 the Frenche kynge. 
 
 CAP. CXXXIL' 
 
 WHAN the duke of Bretayne aproched nere to Parys, he rested one nyght at the 
 quenes Bourge,* and the nexte daye he entred into Paris. Great lokyng for hym was 
 in Paris, bycause he had before putte in daunger the Constable of Fraunce, and had ben 
 sente for dyuers tymes, and wolde neuer come tyll than. Men spake therofdyuersly; 
 and on a sondaye, beynge Mydsomer daye, at tenne of the clocke aforenoone, the duke 
 of Bretaygne entred, the yere of our lorde god a thousande thre hudred fourscore and 
 eight, into Parys, at hell gate,*" and passed along the strete of y Harpe, and ouer the 
 
 bridge 
 
 • Eight. ^ Hapurgan. "^ Tliis chapter ought to be numbered CXXVII. '' Beaugency. 
 
 • The Louvre. ' This chapter ought to be numbered CXXVIII. ' Bourg la Heine. 
 
 '' Porte De I'enfer. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 37 1 
 
 bridge saynt Michell, and so before the palais, well accompanyed with lordes and 
 knyghtes. There was sir Wyllyam of Heynaulte, erle of Ostreuaunt, and his faire 
 brother Johau of Burgoyne, and before him roode sir Wyllyam of Namure. Thus he 
 came to the castelle of Loure,' and there alyghted : (as he rode throughe the stretes he 
 was greallye regarded of the common people) ; and whan the duke was alyghted and 
 entred in at the gate, he remembred what he shulde do and saye ; and before hym was 
 the lorde of Coucy, the erle of Sauoy, sir Johii of Vyen, sir Guye de la Tremoyle,'' sir 
 Johii of Vernayle, the erle of Meaulx, sir Johan of Voye,' sir Johan of Barres : and nere 
 to hym was sir Wyllyam of Namure, Johan of Burgoyne, and the erleof Ostreuaunte : and 
 behynde hym the lorde Mountforde of Bretayne and the lorde of Malestroyt ; they 
 were of his kynne and priuy cousayle : there was great preace to se hym, and the halle 
 but lytell ; and the boordes were couered for the kynge to go to dyner ; and the kynge 
 stoode there redy before the table, and his iii. vncles besyde hym, dukes of Berrey, of 
 Burgoyne, and of Burbone. As soone as the duke was entred, euery man made place, 
 so tiiat y duke myght se the kynge. Firste he made one curtesy, and so passed forthe a 
 tenne or xii. paces; than he made the seconde curtesy, and rose agayne, and so passed 
 forthe tyll he came before the kynge ; than the thirde tyme he kneled downe bare 
 heeded, and saluted the kyng, and sayd. Sir, I am come to se your grace ; god mayn- 
 teyne youre prosperyte. I thanke you, sir, quod the kyng, and we haue great desyre 
 to se you ; we shall se and speke with you at more leysar: and therwith toke hym vp by 
 the armes. Than the duke enclyned hymself to all the other princes eche after other ; 
 than he stode styll before the kynge without spekynge of any worde. The kyng sore 
 behelde hym. Thanne the Stewardes and ofTycers came forthe with water, and y kyng 
 wasshed, and the duke of Bretaygne putte his hande to the bason and to the towell : and 
 whan the kyng was sette, the duke toke his leaue of the kyng and of his vncles, and the 
 lorde of Coucy and the erle of saynt Poule with other lordes conueyed hym into the 
 court where his horses were, and there mounted, and so returned to his lodgynge in the 
 strete of y Harpe, and none taryed with hym of them that conueyed hym but suche as 
 came with hym out of Bretaygne to Parys. 
 
 After all this the duke of Bretaygne spake at leysar with the kynge and his vncles, 
 so that euery man was well contente with hym ; and he tooke well euery thynge that 
 had ben promysed to hym, for he sawe nouther the constable nor John of Bretayne. 
 Whan y lordes sawe that euery thyng was in good state, and that they neded nat to 
 doute the duke of Bretaygne, seynge they had hym at Paris (for they thought he shulde 
 nat departe thens tyll he had done in maner euery thyng as the kynge wolde), than it 
 was thought good tyme to ordeyne forth for the voyage into Guerles"* (whyder the kyng 
 had great affection to go) to subdue the duke of Guerles,"* who had so shamfuUy defied 
 the kyng (the whiche cosydred), was nat thoght good to be suffred. Than it was or- 
 dayned that the lorde of Coucy shulde drawe to the marches of Rennes and Chalons in 
 Champayn, and to regarde for the kynges passage that waye, and to moue the kny^ghtes 
 and squyers in Bare and in Lorayne to go with him whyder he wolde lede them, nat 
 spekynge of the kyng, but bearyng them in haude that he wolde go to recouer his ryght 
 in Austryche.' The lorde of Coucy thus departed fro ParyS, and wente to Chalons in 
 Champayne, and there taryed a moneth, and retaygned on all partes tnyghtes and 
 squyers i Bare and in Lorayne, in Champaygne, and in Retheloys : and the Freche kyng 
 departed fro Parys whan he had comuned with the duke of Bretaygne of dyuers maters 
 (and nat fully accomplysshed), for the sute in the courte of Fraunce is longe whan they 
 lyste, and right well they canne foode forthe the people to make theym spende moche, 
 
 3 B 2 and 
 
 ' The Louvre. ^ TremouiUe. • Roye. ' Gueldres. ' Austria. 
 
372 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 and bringe lytell to effecte. The Icynge came to Moustreau ou faulte yon," in the mar- 
 chesse of Brie and Gastenoys, and there lie helde his courte, and oftentymes chased 
 hartes and other wylde beestes in the forest of Brie. The same seasone there was a 
 dede of armes done there, bitwene an Englisshe knight who was there with the duke of 
 Irelande, called sir Thomas Harpyngham^ and sir Johan of Barres, wherof great brute 
 was made in Fraunce and other places. Their chaienge was, fyue courses witli a speare, 
 fyue strokes with the sworde, fyue with a dagga,-, and fyue with the axe ; and if any of 
 their weapons brake, than they to gette newe, tyll their chaienge were accoplysshed. 
 These two knyghtes on a day lept on their horses well armed, as appertayned (the 
 kynge and all other lordes beyng present and moche people), and ranne toguyder foure 
 courses ryght valiaundy (and as me thought the vsage was thaiie, their heimes were tyed 
 but with a lace, to the entente the speare shuide take no holde.) The fyrst course sir 
 Johan of Barres strake the Englysshe knyght on the targe, in suche wyse that he bare 
 hym ouer the horse crope, so that he laye stonyed on the grounde, and moche payne to 
 releue. Than they perfourmed forthe all the reste of their chaienge in so goodly maner, 
 that the kyng and ail the other were well cotent with them. 
 
 Howe the erle of Anindell, beyng on the see more than a moneth, came to the hauyn 
 of Marante," a It/ tell fro Rochell; and howe he sent a inessagere to Perotle U Ber- 
 no7/s, that he and other capitayns shuide kepe the feldes. 
 
 CAP. CXXXIII." 
 
 IT is long sythe I made any mencyon of the Englysshe armye on the see, wherof 
 Rycharde, Erie of Arundel!, was capitayne, and w hym many knyghtes, squyers, 
 and archers of Englande. I shall nowe somwhat speke of hym, for the mater re- 
 quyreth it. 
 
 Ye haue herde here before of the treatie that the kyng of Englande made with the 
 duke oi Bretaygne. This nauy on the see all this season laye euer coostynge the fron- 
 ters of Bretaygne and Normady ; if wynde and wether draue the thens, they euer came 
 thyder agayne; and they had in their flete some small vesselles called Balyngers, who 
 wente euer and scoured the see. The flete had layne at ancre more than a moneth 
 agaynst the ysle of Breshatte in Bretayne, and there they herde tidynges howe the duke 
 of Bretaygne was gone to Bloyes to speke with the dukes of Berrey and of Burgoyne, 
 and howe they were so agreed that the duke was gone to Parys : and the renoe ranne 
 throughe Bretaygne howe the duke hadde good chere of the Frenche kynge, and was 
 welcome to hym and to all his cousayle at Parys, and shuide nat departe thens tyll the 
 maters were in good estate. Whanne the erle of Arudell herde those tidynges, he was 
 pensyue, and wente to counsayle what was best to do, and whyder they were best to 
 drawe to enploye their season. Than they determyned to drawe to Rochellois: though 
 they had no castelles there, yet they hadde men ynowe there to kepe the felde, and to 
 abyde all thepuyssaunce of Xaynton and of Poyctou, so that they shuide signify their 
 estate into Auuergne and into Lymosynne, so that they myght sende to passe throughe 
 Bretaygne. As than the treuse was nat confyrmed on the ryuer of Loyre, but they 
 were a treatynge to begynne the fyrste daye of Auguste; and sir Helyon of Lignacke 
 
 was 
 
 Montereau sur Yonne. * Ilapursan. "= Marans. '' This chapter ought to be 
 
 numbered CXXIX. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 373 
 
 was goyng or comyng; (as the erle of Arundell ymagined) outher to the duke of Lan- 
 castre to Bayone, or elles retournynge into Frauiice. They hadde in their nauye a Bre- 
 ton bretonaunt of" the nacyon of Wannes, seruannt to sir Wyllyam Helmon, who coude 
 speke well foure maner of languages, that is to saye, Bretysslie, Englysshe, Spaynysshe, 
 and Frenche ; and gaue hyin in commaundement to go a laiide, and sayde to hym, Go 
 thou the moost preuyest wayes thou canste (thou knowest all the preuy wayes of the 
 countrey) and gette the to the garyson of Chaluset, and haiie vs all recommaunded to 
 Perotte le Bernoys, and shewe hym fro vs that he sette forlhe a company of men of 
 amies, suche as be in garysoiis for the kynge of Enghinde, and make warre in his tytell ; 
 thou shake beare no letters for feare of takynge. Thou mayest go lyke a marchaunt of 
 Rochell to by wynes, and saye to Perot, that he reyse vp these men of warre and kepe 
 the coutreys of Berrey, Auuergne, and Lymosyn in doule, and kepe the feldes, for we 
 shall lande in Rochelloyes, and shall make there suche warre, that it shal be herde of and 
 well knowen. The Breton sayde he shulde do his message, if he hadde no great lette by 
 the waye. He was set a lande on the sandes, and (as he that knewe all the countrey of 
 Bretayne) went of from all the great townes, and passed by the countrey of Poyctou and 
 entred into Lymosyn, and so came to Chalucet, wherof Perot le Bernoys was capitayne. 
 The messangere came to the barryers, and gaue knowledge of his comynge to them of 
 the garyson: after he had ben examyned at the gate, he was lette in, and so brought be- 
 fore Perotte, and dyde well his message, wherof JPerot had great ioye, for he greatly de- 
 syred to here tidynges of the army on the see. Than he sayd to the Breton, thou arte 
 welcome: bothe I and all my companions haue great desyre to ryde forthe abrode, and 
 so shall we do, and accomplysshe that thou hast shewed vs. 
 
 Thus Perotte le Bernoys made hym prest, and sente to Carlate to the Bourge of 
 Champaygne, to the capitayne of Ousacke," Olyue Barbe, and to the capitayn of Aloyse 
 besyde saynt Floure, Aymergotte Marcell, and to other capitayns alonge the countrey 
 in Auuergne and Lymosyn, desyryng all these to make the redy, for he wolde ryde oute 
 abrode : for he sawe it than a good season for them, comaundynge them to leaue sure 
 men in their garisons tyll their returne. These companyons, who hadde as great de- 
 syre to ryde abrode as Perot (for they coulde nat waxe ryche withoute some other 
 loste), made the redy and came to Chalucet, where they assembled ; they were well to 
 the nombre of foure hundred speares ; they thought theniselfe suffycient to do a great 
 feate ; they knewe no lorde in the countrey as than able to resyste them, nor to breke 
 their enterprice, for the siege of Vandachore*" of sir Wyllyam of Lignacke, nor of 
 Boesme Lauce' was nat defeated as than. Thus they rode forthe, and were lordes of 
 the feldes, and passed Auuergne on the ryght hande, and tooke the ryght waye to 
 Berrey, for they knewe well y duke was nat as than there, but was in Fraunce with the 
 kyng at Moutereau or faulte yon."* 
 
 Nowe lette vs leaue to speke of Perot le Bernoys and of his enterprice, and speke of 
 the erle of Arundell and of his armye on the see, and shewe howe he perceuered after 
 he was departed fro tiie cost of Bretayne. 
 
 Whan the erle of Arundell and suche lordes as were with hym were departed fro the 
 cost of Bretayne, they sayled with good wynd and wether, for y tyme was fayre and 
 pleasaunt, and goodly to beholde y shippes on y see : they were a sixscore one and other, 
 with baners and stremers wauynge in the wynde, glytrynge with the lordes armes 
 agaynst the sonne: thus they went saylyng by the see fresslily (like a horse newe comyng 
 out of the stable brayeng and cryeng, and fomyng at the mouth) : the see was so prompe 
 
 and 
 
 " Donzac. '' Ventadour. ' Bonne-lance. ■* Montereau sur Yonne. ' Marans. 
 
374 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 and so agreable to the, as thouohe by f'ygure tlie see shulde haue said to them: be mery, 
 sirs, I am for you, and I shall bring you to good porte and hauen without peryll. 
 Thus these lordes sayled frontyng Poyctou and Xaynton, and cast ancre before Rochell, 
 in f hauen towarde Marant:^ than some of their copauy seyng the fludde comyng, 
 entred or it were full water into bottes mo than two hundred one and other, and ar- 
 ryued nere to the towne of Marant.* The watche of Maranl' had spied the Englysshe 
 flete, and sawe howe the bottes were commyng to lande warde with the fludde: than 
 he blewe his trupe and made great noyse, to awake the men of the towne to saue them- 
 selfe, so that many men and women toke their goodes and wente and saued them in 
 the Castell, the whiche came well to passe for them, or els they had lost all. Whan 
 they sawe the Englysshmen come at their helys, they toke that they had and lefte the 
 rest, and saued their bodyes. The Englysshe aichers and other entred into the towne 
 and fell to pyllage (therfore they came thyder), but lytell they founde there ; sauyng 
 cofiers voyde and emptye, all their goodes was withdrawen into the Castell: as for 
 come, wyne, sake bacone, and other prouision, they foude ynoughe, for there was 
 more than four hundred tonne of wyne in the towne ; wherfore they determyned to 
 abyde there a certayne space to kepe that prouisyon : it came well to passe for them, 
 for they sayde if they shulde departe thens, all shulde be withdrawen into the for- 
 tresses, and caryed awaye by the ryuer to Fountney as moche as they myght, and the 
 reste distroyed: they taryed all that night in the towne; they came thyder in the 
 euenyng, and sente Avorde to them on the see what case they were in, and the cause 
 why they taryed. The erle of Arundell and the other lordes sayde howe they had 
 done well. This nyght passed ; the nexte mornynge, whan the tyde began to retourne, 
 they disancred all their small vesselles, and euery man wente into them, and putte all 
 their harnesse into bottes and barges, and lafte their great shippes styll at ancre, for 
 they coude nat cum nere to the lande for lacke of water; and they lafte an hundred 
 men of armes and two hundred archers styll there to kepe their shippes, whiche laye 
 at the mouthe of the hauyn : tha with their smalle vesselles they arryued at Marant,* 
 and toke lande at their leysar, and so lodged all bytwene Marant" and y towne of 
 Rochell, the whiche was but four leages fro thens. Tidynges spredde abrode in the 
 countrey, howe the Englysshemen were arryued at Marante,' a four hundred fightyng 
 men: the playne countrey, the good townes and castelles were afrayde, and made good 
 watche. Than they of the vyllages fledde awaye, and caryed their goodes into forestes 
 and into other places as shortely as they myght. 
 
 Howe they of Marroys and Rochellois were sore afrayed of the Englysshmen thai 
 tvere a lande, and how they of Rochell made a scrimysshe with them ; and howe 
 after the Englysshmen had pylled the countrey about Marant, they drewe agayne 
 to the see with their pyllage whiche was great. 
 
 CAP. CXXXIIII." 
 
 IF the Englysshmen had ben furnysshed with horses it had been greatly to their pro- 
 fyte, for y countrey as than was vnprouided of men of warre ; namely, of suche as were 
 able to haue mette with them. True it was, the lord of Parteney, the lorde of Pons, 
 the lorde of Lyniers, y lorde of Tanyboton, sir Geffray of Argenton, the lorde of Mon- 
 tendre, sir Aymery of Rochchouart, the vycont of Towars, anddyuers other knyghtes 
 
 and 
 
 • Marans. " This chapter ought to be numbered CXXX. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 375 
 
 andsquyers of Poictou, and of Xaynton, were as than in the countrey, but they were 
 nat toguyder, for euery man was in his owne fortresse, for they were nat ware of the 
 Englysshemens commynge thyder; if they hadde knowen a moneth before that the 
 Englysshemenne wolde haue ryued there, they wolde haue prouyded therfore: but they 
 knewe it nat : this fell sodaynly, wherfore they were the more afrayde, and euery man 
 toke hede to kepe his owne, and the men of the countrey to gette in their cornes, for 
 it was about the begynnynge of Auguste : also there was no heed Capitaygne in the 
 countrey to bringe menne toguyder. The duke of Berrey, who was cheife soueraygne 
 of Poictou, was butnewely gone to Parys. The seneschall of Xaynton was nat in the 
 countrey, and the Seneschall of Rochell, sir Helyon of Lignacke, was nat at Rochell, 
 nor in the countrey ; he was in great busynesse to ryde in and out bytwene y duke of 
 Berrey, and the duke of Lancastre ; by these reasons the countrey was the more feble, 
 for where there is defaulte of good heedes, there must nedes be defaulte in the body and 
 in the fote: and he that hath no foote can do nothynge that is worthe. Thus these lordes 
 were in feare two wayes, they had the Englysshmen armed before them that came fro 
 the see ; and on the other syde they herde newes fro Berrey, and fro Limosyn, that 
 Perot le Bernoys, rode abrode with fyue or sixe hundred fyghtynge men with hym, and 
 was entred into Berrey; so they wyst nat wherto they shulde take hede, but euery 
 manne to kepe his owne: for the renome wente howe these two hoostes shulde mete 
 toguyder, outher in the countrey of Poictou, or Xaynton. This was the opinyon of 
 dyuers. 
 
 True it was that in the towne of Rochell, (the same season that the Englysshemen 
 were landed at Marant,") there was two valyat knyghtes, the one called sir Peter of 
 Jouy,'' and the other sir Taylle Pie, whome sir Helyon of Lignacke had lefte at Rochell, 
 to kepe the towne and countre therabout. Whan tidynges came to Rochell, how the 
 erle of Arundell, and the armye that had ben so longe on the see were a lande, and 
 lodged besyde Marant,^ than these two knightes sayd to the that were vnder their charge, 
 (and to the mayre of Rochell, and men of the towne,) sirs, it must behoue vs to go and 
 ioke on these Englysshemenne ; it is shewed vs howe they be arryued in these parties: I 
 and my companion wyll go and gyue them their welcome, for the whiche they shall 
 paye vs, or els we them, for we shal be blamed if we suffre them to rest in peace, sythe 
 we haue the charge of the kepynge of this countre ; there is one poynte good for vs, 
 they haue no horses ; they are men of the see, and we be well mounted ; we shall sende 
 our crosbowes before, they shall wake them, and shote and hurte them, and whan they 
 haue done they shall retourne ; than the Englysshemen wyll issue out after them afote, 
 and we shall suffre our crosbowes to passe homwarde, and than we shall receyue our 
 enemyes at the spere poynt ; we shall haue of them suche aduautage, that we shall do 
 them great domage. Euery man that herde these knyghtes speke, reputed the for noble 
 valyaunt men, and agreed to their counsayle ; and there assembled toguyder, what one 
 and other, a twelue hundred : the nexte mornynge at the breakyng of the daye, euery 
 ma was redy and assembled togider, and the crosbowes and men afote issued out and 
 went a great pace to reyse the Englysshmen out of their lodgynges : and in the meane 
 season the horsmen made them redy vpon a iii. hudred, for there were dyuers knyghtes 
 and squyers coe to Rochell. Certainly, if by any maner of inspyracion thenglysshmen 
 had knowen of their comynge, that they might haue made an embusshe, (but of two 
 hundred archers, and a hudred men of armes,) there had nat one Frenchman retourned 
 agayne. Wha they of Rochell came to the Englysshemens lodgynges, it was earely in 
 the morenynge, and their watche was retourned to their lodgynges ; than the Frenche 
 crosbowes began to shote and entred in among their lodgynges, and hurte many. The 
 
 Englysshemen 
 
 * Marans. '' Before called Yon. 
 
376 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 Englysshemen lyeng on the strawe had marueyle of the noyse, and many were hurte or 
 they knewe that they wele. Frenchemen. And whan the crosbowes had shotte euery 
 man a sixe shottes, or thereout, they retourned, (as it was before apoynted:) than 
 aproched the horsnien and enthed among the lodgynges: therwith the boost began to 
 styrre, and knyghtes and squyefs drewe toguyder into tlie felde. And whan the 
 Frenchemen sawe the boost styrre and drawe toguyder, they drewe backeand retourned 
 towarde Rochell a good pace, for feare of the shotte of the Englysshemen, who folowed 
 them nere to Rochell. Than the Erie of Arundell with foure hundred men of armes 
 folowed after a great pace, euery man his sptare in his hande or on his necke ; the 
 preace of the Frenche fotemen was great at the entcynge into Rochell, and alwayes the 
 two Frenche knyghtes were behynde, and sette their men forwarde tyll they were within 
 the barriers ; and euer the Englysshemen folowed in' suche wyse, that f two Freche 
 knightes were in great dauger to be taken or slayn : they wore sore sette at, bycause they 
 semed to be the cliiefe capitaynes, (as they were indede,) so'Hhat sir Peter Jouy hadde 
 his horse slayne vnder hym, and with great payne his men saued hym, and drewe hym 
 within the barryers ; and sir Peter Taylle Pye was stryken through the thye with a 
 glayue, and -with an arrowe throughe y bassenet into the heed, and his horse fell downe 
 deed within y gate. At the entrynge into the towne there were many slayne and hurte, 
 rao than xl: the men of the towne were aboue ouer the gate, and caste downe stones, and 
 shotte out bombardes, so that the Englysshemen durste aproche no nerer. 
 
 Thus wente the first scrimysshe bytwene them of Rochell, and the Englysshemen, 
 and whan they hadde scrimysshed nere to noone, the erle of Arundell sowned the re- 
 trayte ; than they withdrewe in good order, and retourned to their lodgynges and vn- 
 armed them, and toke their ease, and they had well wherof, they lacked nouther wyne 
 nor flesshe. The Englysshemen taryed there about a fyftene dayes abydinge all aduen- 
 tures : but after that, they of Rochell issued no more oute to scrimysshe, for they sawe 
 well the Englisshemen were wise and valyaunt, and also y two capitayns were hurt, 
 Tvherfore the other had good cause to sytte styll in rest. The Erie of Arundell sent a 
 thre or four tymes abrode into the countrey of Rochelloys, towarde Bresmure,^ and into 
 the lande of Towars, and dyde great domage, wherof all the countrey was afrayde: the 
 Englysshmen had done a great enterprice if they had ben furnysshed with horsmen, 
 and in the countre they gatte but fewe, for as soone as they herde of their landynge, 
 euery man caryed all that they hadde into the fortresses : and whan this army had taryed 
 there a fyftene dayes, and were well refresshed, and sawe that no man came against 
 them, and parceyued the wynde good for the, they drewe them into their shippes, and 
 caryed with them moche wyne and fresshe flesshe, and so entred into their vesselles, 
 and drewe vp their sayles and toke the see: and the same daye they mette with xii. 
 shippes of Bayon, goynge into Englande, charged with wynes and other marchaudises, 
 so they ioyned toguyder and made good chere ; they gaue to the erle of Arundell two 
 peces of Gascoyn wyne. Thus they sayled forthe at adueture. 
 
 Nowe lette vs speke of Perot le Bernois, and of the other capitayns that were in his 
 copany, howe they drewe agayne into their fortresses. 
 
 Bresvire. — Lyons' edit. 
 
 Horn 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 377 
 
 Howe Perot le Bcrnoi/s and his cdf>ani/ons resorted agayne to theijr holdes with great 
 pyllage : and home the duke of Guerles'' coulde hauc no ai/de of the Enghjsshe- 
 men to reyse the siege before Grane : and how the brabaiisoys mnde a bridge oner 
 the ryuer of Meiise, the xvliiche they of Guerles" dyde breke, brinne, and dystroy, 
 as ye shall here after. 
 
 CAP. CXXXV." 
 
 THE same seasone that the Englysshe armye was at Marant, Perot le Bernoyes and 
 his route, to the nobre of four hundred speres, were abrode and passed by Lymosyn, 
 and came to Berrey ; and on a daye they tooke all the niarchauntes tliat were in the 
 towne of Blake, in Berrey, on the whichc daye there was a great fayre, wherby they 
 had great profite and good prisoners, and than passed further and ca-nie to Selles, in 
 Berrey, and pylled and robbed the towne. Thus Perot and his companyons rode 
 abrode in the countre, and dyde great domage, for there was none that came agaynst 
 them. The countrey was sore afrayde on bothe sydes the ryuer of Loyre, vnto the 
 coulie of Bloys, and of Thourayne ; they coude nat ymagin what these two armyes were 
 purposed to do ; some sayde they shulde mete togider, but they dyd nat, for the army 
 on the see drewe agayne to the see, and Perot in lykewise to his fortresse : wha they 
 had pylled and wonne great richesse in the countrey, euery man wente to their owne 
 fortresse to saue that they had gotte. There was none other dede of armes done that 
 season in Auuergne, and Lymosyn. Thane began the truce on that syde the ryuer of 
 Loyre, the whiche shulde endure to the moneth of Marche ; but styll the siege endured 
 before Vandachore,' by sir Wylliam of Lignacke, sir Johan Boesme Launce,*' sir 
 Johan Butlere, and other: for sir Geffray Teate noyre was so proude and cruell, that 
 he sette nouther by truce nor peace, and all on the truste of the strength of hi? 
 fortresses. 
 
 Nowe lette vs leaue speakyng of the siege of Vandachore,"' and shewc Iieiealter what 
 endeittoke, and speke nowe of Brabante, and ofGuerles."" 
 
 Ye knowe well, (as it hath ben coteyned here before in this hystorie.) the duchesse 
 of Brabant was determyned to make warre agaynst the duke of Queries," and caused the 
 siege to cotynue before the towne of Graue, with a great puyssaunce of knyghles and 
 squyers, and other men of the good townes of Brabante: and their entencion was, nat to 
 departe thens tyll they had the towne of Graue at their wyll: and the duchesse, to 
 shewe y the mater touched her nere, she laye at Boyes, a foure leages thens. The 
 hoost was plentifull of euery thynge: they were oftentymes refresshed with newe pro- 
 uisyon comyng fro dyuers partes, as well by see, by fresshe water, and by the ryuer ot 
 Muse, as by the lande of Brabant. This siege long endured, and they had tliere great 
 ingyns before the towne to caste in great stones, whiche dyde great domage ; and be- 
 syde that, to enfecte the people within ; they caste into the towne all deed careyne, (and 
 the wether was bote.) the whiche greatly anoyed them within ; the clere ayre was sore 
 corrupted with the yuell ayre. Somtyme the knyghtes and squyers of Brabant wolde 
 come to the barryers and scrimysshe with them of y towne, and there were many feates 
 of armes done, for there M'ere men in the towne, (sette there by the duke of Guerles,)^ 
 
 Vol. II. 3 C tli^t 
 
 ' Gueldi-es. " This chapter ought to be numbered CXXXI. " Ventadour. 
 
 ■^ Bonne-lance. 
 
378 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 that were redye to shewe forthe their prowes whan tyme was. Tiie duke of Guerles" 
 lay at Nimay,'' and coude nat remedy the mater, nor reyse the siege, nor yet fight with 
 his eiiemyes, for he had no puissaunce therto: hut he hadde sente into Englande, cer- 
 tifyeng wliat case he stode in, trustynge to haue had socours fro thens, hut he had none ; 
 for at that tyme there was moche trouhle in Enghmde, for there was sette a newe coun- 
 sayle about the kvnge, by the meanes of his vncles, and tharchbysshop of Canterbury. 
 About the feest of saynt Johan the Baptyst, there was a cousayle in Engh^nde, to knowe 
 if there shulde be sente any ayde of men of armes and archers to the duke of Guerles," 
 ornat: but euery thyng consydred, they thought it best naye, for renome ran in Eng- 
 lande howe the Frenche kyng made a gret assemble, but no manne knewe whyther they 
 shulde drawe : the Englysshemen by ymaginacyon douted that they vvolde coe to Ca- 
 lais ; on the other syde they douted the scottes, wherfore they wolde nat sende their 
 men of armes and archers out of the realme ; also they knewe howe there were many 
 menne of warre on the see, wherfore It was couenyent to kepe their owne realme: ther- 
 fore the noble men of Englande sayd : Lette the duke of Guerles" alone, he is ryght 
 valyant, and is i a stronge countre, he wyll do well ynoughe agaynst the Brabansoy s ; 
 also he shal be conforted by y almayns,'' if nede be, for they be alyed with hyni and his 
 neyghbours; they haue bene with hym or this agaynst the Frenchemen. Thus the 
 maters wente in Englande, but they within the towne of Graue endured the payne, with 
 sautes and sore scrimisshing. They of Brabante deuysed whyle they laye at the siege, 
 to make a bridge of tymbre ouer the ryuer of Meuse, therby to entre into the duchy of 
 Guerles,* and to ouer ronne the coutrey, and to kepe that no vitayle shulde come to the 
 towne of Graue, and therby to besege it bothe before and behynde, and on all partes, to 
 kepe it fro vitayling, for they had men ynowe so to do ; they sette many carpentars 
 aworke with all dilygenre, and they dyde so moche that their worke was so forwarde, 
 y the bridge was nere ouer the water within a speares cast. The duke of Guerles^ had 
 perlite knowledge of the makyng of this bridge, and dyde lette them alone tyll it was 
 nyghe made : but whan he sawe it was nere hande fynisshed, than he came before it with 
 gonnes and other artillarye, and shotte fyre to the bridge, in suche wise, that the bridge 
 was brente and broken, and the Brabansoys loste all their labour, wherwith they were 
 sore displeased, and than loke counsayle what was best for them to do. 
 
 Howe the Brabansoys passed the ryner throughe the towne of Rauesten, oner the bridge- 
 there, and so entred into Gtierlcs.^ Than the duke departed fro JVimay^ with the 
 hundred speares, and came agaynst the and disconfytcd them bytiyene Rauesten and 
 the towne of Graue. 
 
 CAP. CXXXVL' 
 
 A THRE lytell leages fro y towne of Graue is the castell of Rauesfen, parteyninge 
 to the lorde of Bourne, who was subiecte and helde of the duchy of Brabant ; he was 
 desyred by the duchesse counsayle, and by other lordes and knyghtes, that he shulde 
 open the towne of Rauesten, and suffre their hoste to passe throughe to entre into tiie 
 countrey of Guerles," and at their desyres he was content. The duke of Guerles,' 
 lyenge at Nymay,*" was surely infourmed, (by suche spyall as he had.) howe the lorde 
 of Bourne wolde gyue his enemyes fre passage to entre into his countrey, through the 
 
 towne 
 
 ' Gueldres. ^ Nimegwen. ' This chapter ought to be nu?nbered CXXXII. 
 
 "* Germans. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 379 
 
 towne of Rauesten, wherof he was pensyue and malecolyous, for lie sawe well he had 
 nat men ynowe to resyste the puysaunce of Brahante, for they were well a xl. thousande 
 menne, one and other; on this the duke had many ymngynacions ; and fynally, all 
 thyuges consydred, he determyned in his mynde to assemljle all his men toguyder, and 
 to take the feldes, and to come towardes the towne of Grauc, to the entente that if they 
 of Brabant entred into Guerles/ than he wolde entre into Brabant, for he thought 
 surely nat to be inclosed within the walles of any towne : than the duke spake to the 
 lorde of Ghesme, a great baron of Queries," who was his princypail counsaylour, and 
 shewed hym his sayd'mynde and entente ; and fyrste, this lorde was nat of the opynyon 
 that the duke shulde take the feldes with so small a nombre. Well, quod the duke, 
 and what shall I do than ? shall I suffre myselfe to be inclosed in one of my townes, 
 and in the meane tyme ihey shall brynne and exyle my countrey ? that shulde be ouer 
 dere to me to abyde ; I make a vowe to godde, and to our lady, quod the duke, I wyll 
 drawe into the feldes, and resyst my domage as nere as I may ; and as he ordeyned so 
 he dyd. The next mornyng he departed fro Nymay,^ (after he had ben at churche, 
 and made his offrynge to our lady of Nymay r)*" than he and his men dranke a lytell, and 
 so mounted on their horses; he was a thre hudred speares, rather lesse than mo, and 
 tooke the feldes, and drewe towardes their enemyes the next v,ay. Beholde what a 
 great corage this duke was of: some sayd it was a great outrage ; howbeit, he lyke a 
 coragyous knyght fullof comeforte, sayde: on, on forwarde in the name of god and 
 saynt George agaynste our enemyes : for I had rather dye in the felde with honoure, 
 than with dyshonour to be closed within a towne : with hym was the lorde of Ghesme, 
 a valyant and a sage knyght, chyefe ruler of his armye, and the lorde of Hanseberth, 
 the lorde of Huckelin, sir Ostez lorde of Vaspre," and dyuers other good knyghtes and 
 squyers of vaiyaunt corage. 
 
 The same daye that the duke of Guerles'' was in the feldes, early in the mornyng, the 
 seneschall of Brabant, with his men, knyghtes, squyers, and men of the good townes 
 in Brabant, by the consente of the lorde of Bourne, passed the ryuer by the bridge of 
 Rauesten, to the nombre often thousande men; the seneschall of Brabante, the lorde of 
 Lygnier, the lorde of Bourgueuall, the lorde of Gence, and otlier, were ryght ioyfull 
 whanne they sawe they were ouer the ryuer of Meuse ; they said than amonge themselfe, 
 howe they wolde go the same day and make a course before Nymay,'' and burne the 
 mylles, and fawbours, and the villages there about; but soone after that, they herde 
 other tydynges by their fore ryders, suche as they had sent to discouer the countrey. 
 Than tydinges also came to the duke of Guerles," howe a ten thousande of his enemyes 
 were passed the ryuer of Meuse, at the bridge of Rauesten. Than the duke stode in a 
 staye, and toke counsayle what was beste to do: some were sore abasshed bycause they 
 were but a handefull of men to the regarde of their enemyes, who were thurty or xl. 
 against one: some sayde, howe myght endure thre hundred speares agaynste ten or 
 twelue thousande men ? it lyeth nat in our puyssaunce to ouercome them, but it lyeth 
 well in their power soone to ouercome vs : some knyghtes came to the duke, and cou- 
 sayled him to drawe towardes Graue: thanne the duke sayde he wolde nat, for in no 
 wyse he wolde be closed in any towne that he hadde : but sayde, surely he wolde go and 
 fyght with his enemyes, for his corage he sayd gaue hym to dyscomfyte them, and said, 
 as he dyd before, that rather he wolde dye with honour, than to lyue with shame ; we 
 shall, quod he, this day ouercome our enemies, wherby we shall haue greate profyte 
 and honoure; therfore all thai loue me set forwarde and folowe me quyckly. 
 
 The wordes that the duke spake incoraged all his men, and specyally suche as herde 
 
 3 C 2 hym, 
 
 ^ Gueldres. ^ Nimeguen. ' Jo/ines idys, Naspre. 
 
380 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 hym, and eiiery man shewed semblante to be of" great corage to fi2;ht; euery man made 
 hym redy, and lased on his basnet, and gyrte their horses, and set themselfe in good aray 
 logyther, and rode for the an easy passe to kepe their horses well brethed : there were 
 certayne newe knightes made. Tlius they rode in good araye towardes Rauesten; by 
 that tyme the Brabansoys were ouer the ryiier. Thanne tydynges came to the Seneschall 
 of Brabante, how the duke of Guerles^ was in the felde, and so nere them tliat inconty- 
 nent they shulde mete togyder. Suche as herde those tydinges first had mernayle of 
 that adneture. Than they beleued surely that for euery man that the duke ol' Gueries^ 
 had, that he had been syxe ; than they rested to sette themselfe in ordre, but tiiey had 
 no leysar: for therw ith came on them the duke of Queries, ■■■ with his route close togyder, 
 as faste as spurres wolde dryue their horses, cryenge their cryes : our lady of Queries:* 
 with their speares in the restes. There was a squier of Queries,^ greatly to be pravsed, 
 for the great desyre that he had to exalte his renome ; he galoped before all the batayls, 
 and was the firste that iusted, and entred in amoge his enemies ; the squier was called 
 Arnolde Morbec ;'' w^ith that course he bare one to the erthe rudely, I canne nat tell if 
 euer he was releued or nat, for the prease was so greate, that harde it was if one were 
 downe to be releued agayn, without it were by great helpe : at this first rencountre there 
 were of the Brabansoys a sixe score borne to the erthe ; there were many beaten downe, 
 and small defence made by the Brabansoys, for they were sodenly taken ; and so shulde 
 men of warre do that thinke to do domage to their enemyes ; for the Brabansoys, for all 
 that they were so greate a nombie, and so many great men, yet they were so farre 
 asonder, and out of araye, th;it they coulde nat gette togyther in ordre of baytayle, but 
 their batayle was pearsed throughe andsparckled abrode, some here and some there, so 
 that the lordes of Brabante coulde nat come to their owne men, nor their menne to theym ; 
 and suche as were behynde, whanne they herde the noyse and brew te, and sawe y dust 
 and powder ryse, it semed to them properly that the voyce of the dyscomfetture came 
 on theym, and hovve all their company were ouercome ; so that the feare therof caused 
 them to tourne and to flye towardes Rauesten agayne ; and some toke the ryuer at ad- 
 tienture, bothe a foote and a horsebacke, without sertchyng of the depenesse, or without 
 hauynge of any guyde : and as they fledde, they thought euer their enemyes had 
 been at their backes ; by this dyscomfettynge of themselfe there were drowned and in 
 parell moo than twelue hundred in the ryuer of Meuse, for they lepte in one vpon 
 another lyke beestes, without ordre or reason ; and some of the great lordes and barones 
 of Brabante, Avhome I vvyll nat name, for it shulde be blame to them and to their heyres 
 to be noted to flye away so shamefully, and to sekc for their sauegarde nother the right 
 passage of the ryuer, nor yet the hygh way to the towne of Rauesten, but rather other 
 straunge wayes to Hye fro their enemyes. In this mvschyefe fell that daye the chyualrye 
 of Brabante : bytwene the towne of Qraue and Rauesten many were slayne and taken, 
 for suche as came to raunsome yelded lightly, and the almayns were gladde to take 
 them, for the profyte that they thought to haue by theym ; and suche as retourned to 
 the lodgynges before Qraue, abasshed them that were there lyenge at the syege, for they 
 came lyke men dene discomfyted ; they came flyenge so faste that they lacked brethe, 
 so that they coulde skante speke any worde ; (that they sayde was.) Syrs, gette vs all 
 hence for we be all dyscomfyted, there is no comeforte. Whan they in the hoost 
 vnderstode the trouthe of the mater, and sawe their company in that case, they were 
 than so abasshed and afrayed, that they had no leysar nor puyssaunce to lake their owne 
 goodes, nor to take downe their tentes nor pauylyons, nor to trusse horse, carte, nor 
 wagon, but sodaynely departed without byddyng adewe, and lefte all behynde ; they 
 were so alVayde that they made no countenaunce of abydynge : they toke with theym 
 nother vytayle nor caryage, but suche as hadde horses lepte on them, and fledde awaye 
 
 towardes 
 
 ' Gueldrc^. '' Hermaiit tie ISIorbcc. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. S8i 
 
 towardes the dukes wodde,/ or els towardes Houdan, or to the mount saynte Geruays, 
 ortoGerlras, and Doidec;'' lliey had none other care but to saue themself'e iVo their 
 enemyes: and ii'they within the [j^aryson of Giaue had soner knowen ol' the dyscom- 
 fetture, it had ben (greatly for their profyte, and had slayne or taken many of their 
 enemyes in their flyenge: but they knene it nat tyll it Avas late: howbeit, whan they 
 issued out they foude great plentye of Tenles and pauylyons, and pionysion ofengyns, 
 o-onnes, and arlyllery,' which they brought into their lowne at good leysar, foi there 
 were none to saye them naye. Thus brake vp the siege of Graue to the gret doni.ige of 
 all the Brabansoys, wheml great brute ranne in dyuers countitys, howe that a haiidfuil 
 of men dyscomfyted xl. thousmde, and reysed the siege. There was taken liie lorde 
 of Bourgueuall, and the lorde of Linyer, and other, to the nonibie of seuentene 
 baners: they were hanged before the y mage of our lady of Nymay,' for a perpetuall 
 
 memory 
 
 Howe the duke of Guerles,'^ after he had dyscomfyted the Brabansoys, he wente agayne 
 to ./Yymaye :" aud howe tydyuges came to the frenche kynge : and howe the kyng serde 
 ambassadours to the kyng of Almayne.^ 
 
 CAP. CXXXVII.' 
 
 I HAUE great payne to recorde or to wryte of this shamefull dyscomfyture of the 
 Brabansoys, for blemysshynge of their honoures : but bycause I promysed and said in 
 the begynnyng of my boke, that if I shall write truely this hystory, I must make true 
 relacion of the mater, whosoeuer it do touche : Nowe to procede further: the yonge 
 duke of Guerles" had and optaygned this iourney, in the yere of our lorde god a thou- 
 sande thre hundred fourscore and eyght, aboute Mawdlyn tyde, in the monefh ol July ; 
 and whanne tliis dyscomfyture and chase was passed, and the felde clene delyuered, 
 (whiche was done within the space of two houres^) than the guerloys assembled togyJer 
 in the felde, and made good chere, and were ioyfuU ; they had good cause so to be 
 for their good aduenture, for they had as many prysoners, or mo, than they were them- 
 selfe ill nonibre. Than their heraudes sought out the deed bodyes of bothe partyes, 
 and amon^e other there was slayne a yonge man, sonne to therle of Namure, called 
 Vassyer of Colles, lorde of Balaster, of whose dethe the duke of Guerles'' was sory and 
 sore dyspleased, and that he shewed well, for greatly he complayned his deth, and 
 sayde, howe the dethe of a yonge knyght dyspleased hym greatly : for he was a ryght 
 lusty knyght, pleusannle and ioly, and also the yere before he had ben in Pruse with 
 the duke of Guerles." Some counsayled the dnke to retourne to the towne of Graue, 
 and there to refresshe tlieym, and to brynge thyder their prisoners. Naye, nat so, 
 quod the duke, for at my departynge fro Nymay,' 1 auowed to our lady there, that if 
 I spedde well, to leturne thyder to offre to our lady ; Avherfore I wyll Avith a mery chere 
 that we all retourne tiiyder, and thanke our lady, who hath sent vs the vyctory of our 
 enemyes. No man dnrste saye naye agaynst the dukes mynde, and so they rode thyder 
 a good pase : it was but two good leages fro thence as the batayle was: anone they 
 came thyder. Whan tydyuges came to Nymay" of the trouthe of that busynes, men, 
 women, and children, were' ioyfull, and the clergy issued out and receyued the duke 
 with great ioy. And the duke of Guerles"* inconty-nent with his knyghtes wente to the 
 
 churche, 
 
 « Bois-le-(luc. '' Gertruvdenburgh, and Dordrecht. " Nimeguen. 
 
 * Gueldres. ' Germany. " ' This chapter ought to be numbered CXXXIIl. 
 
3«S THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 churche, where the ymage of our lady was, in whome the duke had great affyaunce ; 
 and there in the chapell he was vnarmed of all his peces into his doublet, and gaue all 
 his armure to the churche, in the honour of our blessed lady, thankynge her of the 
 iourney that he hadde atchyued ; and there all the penons of the lordes that were taken 
 that day were hanged vp before our lady. I canne nat tell if they be there as yet or 
 nat. Than the duke went to his lodgynge, and so dyd euery manne with their pri- 
 soners, lor they thought surely they shulde well paye for their scot, therfore they made 
 good chere. 
 
 Great brute spred abrode of this duke of Guerles,' who had thus ouerthrowen the 
 Brabansoys, wherby he Avas more douted than he was before. The duches of Brabante, 
 (who laye at the dukes wood'' with her trayne,) whan she sawe howe yuell the mater 
 wente agaynst her, and that the syege of Graue was raysed, she was sore displesed, and 
 good cause Avhy, for it touched her neie : than she sette a garysone at the dukes wood,*" 
 to kepe fronter there, and so retourned through Champayne, and came to Bruselles, 
 and wrote oftentymes to the duke of Burgoyne, aduertysynge hym of her astate, for all 
 her hopeofrecoueraunce was in hym. Ye may well knowe and byleue that this dis- 
 comfyture of the Brabansoys was soone knowen in the french kinges courte, but they 
 made lytell accopte therof, syth they sawe the kynge had suche affection to go to 
 Guerles.^ The kynges counsayle wrote to syr Wyllyam of Tremoyle," and to sirGer- 
 uais of Myrande, who were soueraygne capytayns of the men of warre that the duke of 
 Burgoyne had sente into the countrey, and to the kepers of the thre castels on the ryuer 
 of Meuse, Buth, Gaulgeth, and Nulle,'* commaundyngthem to kepe well their fronters, 
 and nat to make any issue out wherby to take any domage, tyll they here more : shew- 
 ynge theym surely howe the kynge in propre persone shortly wolde go se the duke of 
 Guerles" in his owne countrey. This sir Wiilyam was sore dyspieased of the aduenture 
 that was fallen on their party, but the tydynges of Fraunce comforted hym agayne, and 
 ordred hymselfe acordynge as he was commaunded. 
 
 Nowe lette vs retourne to the counsayle of Fraunce, who had great desyre to go into 
 Guerles;' they toke suche dyspleasure with the defyaunce that the duke had sente to the 
 kynge, that they nother regarded the begynnynge, myddes, nor ende, and sayd, what 
 so euer it coste, they wolde make the duke repent his dede and to denye it, or els they 
 wolde distroy and burne his landes, and his fathers also, the duke of Julyers. Dukes, 
 erles, barones, knyghtes, squyers, and all other, were warned euery man to be redy, 
 acordyng as it apertayned for so longe a voyage: and it was ordeyned that one of the 
 marshals of Fraunce shulde abyde styll in the realme, that was syr Loys of Poiteuyr,' 
 and he to take hede of the fronters on the other syde of the ryuer of Dordone, to the see, 
 lor in Languedoc, bytwene the ryuer of Gyronde, dyscendynge to the ryuer of Loyre, 
 there was truce had bytwene them: and it was ordeyned that the other marshall, syr 
 Moton of Blamuyll, shulde go with the kyng. It was maruayle to thynke of the great 
 prouysyon that the lordes made ; Fyrste, for the kyng, and for the dukes of Berrey, 
 Burgoyn, Tourayne, and Burbon, at the cyties of Reynes,' Chalons, Troys, and in all 
 the coiitreys of Champayne, Raynes,' in the bysshopprike of Laon, and Langers; and 
 cartes and caryages were taken vp in all partyes. It was marueyle to consyder the great 
 aparell that was made for this iourney into Guerles." All this season the duke of Bre- 
 tagne was at Parys, and coulde nat be delyuered by the kyng, who was most parte al 
 that season at Moustreuell Faulte yon,^ but alwayes he had good chere, and was alwayes 
 serued with fayre wordes and curtesye, and the lordes wolde desyre hym nat to thynke 
 
 longe, 
 
 » Gueldres. >■ Bois-le-duc. ' La Tremoiiille. "* Buet, Gambect, and Mille. 
 
 ' It appears this should be " Sancerre." ' Rheims. ' Montereau sur Yonne. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 383 
 
 longe, for shortly he shuldebe delyuered : but they shewed hym that the kyiige had so 
 morh ado for his vyasie into AIniayne/ that he couide attende to nothynn;e els. The 
 duke was fayne to suffre, for he couide do none other, seyntv he was at Parys, and he 
 thought he wolde nat departe without the good wyil of the kynge ; there he laye at great 
 coste and charge. 
 
 Whan the certayne was knowen of this voyage into Queries, " and tayles reysed 
 throughe the realme to paye euery man their wages that shulde serue the kynge, many 
 of the'wyse men of the realme, as well some of the counsayle, as other, sayd : howe it 
 was a great outrage to counsayle the kyng to go farre of to seke for his enemyes, and 
 that he shulde therby put his realme in a great aduenture: for the kynge was yonge, 
 and greatly in the fauoure of all his people, Avherfore it had ben suffycyente for hym 
 tohaue sufTred one or two of hisvncles to haue gone thyder with the constable of Fraunce, 
 and a sixe or seuen thousande speares, and nat the kyng in propre persone : the kynges 
 vncles were of the same oppynyon, and oftentymes they counsayled the kynge to for- 
 beare his iourney hymselfe ; but whan so euer they spake to hym iherof, he was dys- 
 pleased, and wolde saye : If any of you go without my company, it shall be agaynst my 
 wyll ; and besyde that ye shall haue no money, otherwyse 1 can nat restrayne you. 
 Whan the dukes of Berrey, and of Burgoyne, herde the kynges answere, and sawe the 
 great affection that the kynge hadde to go that voyage, they aunswered and sayd : Syr, 
 agoddes name ye shall go, and without you we wyll do nothing, therlore, sir, be of 
 good comfort. Than the kynges counsayle regarded one thyng, the whiche they 
 thought ryght necessary, (and that was this:) Bytwene the frenche kynge and the kynge 
 ofAlmayne,^ ol longe tyme there had ben ordynaunces made bytwene them, and that 
 was, that none of them shulde entre with any army into any of their neyghbours landes, 
 nor the frenche kynge to make no warre agaynst the kynge of Almayne,^ nor he agaynst 
 the kynge, on payne to ryn in the sentence of holy church ; and therto they were 
 bounde and solempely sworne the day of their coronacyon, to the entente to kepe their 
 realmes in peace and reste ; wherfore than it was aduysed that if the kyng shulde go this 
 voyage into Guerles,'' (the whiche is holden of the kynge of Almayne,)' that lyrst he 
 and his counsayle shulde suffycyently informe the kyng of Almayne,' howe the duke 
 ofGuerles'-had shamefully defyed the frenche kynge with fell wordes, out of the style 
 and vsage that iordes are wonte to defye eche other in warre; and to the entente to 
 cause the duke to denye his dede, and to repente hym, the frenche kynge wyll come 
 into Almayne,^ nat agaynst the kyng of Almayne,^ nor his signory, but agaynst his 
 enemye, and to seke him out where so euer he can fynde hyin. To go on this message 
 was charged syr Guy of Hancorte, a rvght sage and dyscrete knyght, and with hym 
 one of the maysters of the parlyament, called mayster yues Orient ; these two were called 
 before the counsayle, and charged to go this voyage to the kynge of Almayne,^ and 
 they were well informed what they shulde do and say. Thus they departed and toke 
 their waye by Chalons, in Champayne, and rode with a good trayne lyke notable per- 
 sons, ambassadours fro the Frenche kynge: and they founde the lorde of Coucy at 
 Chalons, who lay there and retayned knyghtes and squiers of Baire, Lorayne, and 
 Champayne, to go in that voyage with hym in the vowarde ; he made to these ambassa- 
 dours good chere, and made theym a great dyner at their lodgynge ; and the nexte daye 
 they departed and rode towardes saynte Menehout, and towardes the coutrey of Lusen- 
 burgh, there to here certayne tydynges of the kynge of Almayne." 
 
 ' Germany. ' Gueldres. 
 
 Ho}y 
 
3S4 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 How the frenche kyng gaue leaue to the duke of Bretayne to retourne into his cou- 
 Irey : and howe the countrey of Brabant yyolde tial consente too the kynges passage, 
 nor his aremy : and howe the ambassadours of Fraunce sped. 
 
 CAP. CXXXVIII.' 
 
 WHYLE these frenche ambassadours wente to speke with the kyng of Almayne,'' 
 in y meane tyme the frenchmen lette nat styll to make their prouysions, and commaunde- 
 ment gyuen, euery manne to be in tlie felde by the myddes of Auguste, in Champayne, 
 or there aboute, for the kynge wolde be redy by tliat tyme : they wolde nat tary for any 
 aunswere fro the kynge of Ahnayn.'' Than the frenche kyng, and his vncles, thought 
 it good that the duke of Bretaygne shulde departe home ; he was sente for to the kynge 
 to Monstreuell faulte yon," and there he had good chere of the kyng, and of the duke 
 of Burgoyne, and of the duke of Tourayne, for as than the duke of Berrey was nat 
 there, he was in his owne countrey assemblynge men togyder, and had sente his co- 
 maundement into Poyctou, to knyghtes and squyers there, that they shulde drawe into 
 the felde. The kynge, and the duke of Burgoyne, treated amyable the duke of Bre- 
 taygne, and shewed hym nothyng but loue. Ye haue herde here before how the duke 
 had rendred agayne to the constable his thre castels, and the towne of Jugon, but as for 
 the hundred thousande frankes that he had receyued, he was lothe to rendre them 
 agayne, for he axed alowaunce for suche prouysyons as he had made, and fortifyenge 
 of his garysons, castels, and townes, and retayning of men of warre, and kepynge theym 
 all the wynter, for he thought to haue had warre ; but the kyng and his counsayle fedde 
 hym with so swete pleasaunte wordes, that fynally he was agreed to pay agayne the 
 hundred thousande frankes in fyue yere : xx. thousande euery yere tyll it were paied. 
 Than the duke of Bretayne departed ryght amyably, and ihe kynge gaue hym many 
 fayre iouels ; and so he returned to Parys, and there the duke of Burgoyn made hym a 
 great dyner, and there they toke leaue eche of other. Thanne the duke of Bretaygne 
 payed for all his dyspenses, and toke the waye to Estampes, and rode through Beaulce, 
 to Bogency, on y ryuer of Loyre: and there his men wente on before and passed through 
 the countreys of Bloys, Mayne, Thourayne, Aniou, and entred into Bretayne ; but the 
 duke hymselfe had redy at Boygecy, his nauy: and there he entred into a I'ayre shyp, 
 and with hym the lorde Mountforde, and the lorde of JVIalestroit, and so sayled downe 
 the ryuer of Loyre, and passed vnder the bridge of Bloys, and so went alonge the ryuer 
 to Nautes in his owne countrey. 
 
 Nowe let vs leaue to speke of the duke of Bretayne, and as farre as I coulde here, he 
 helde well the couenaunte made bytwene the frenche kynge and hym, and dyd nothyng 
 after to be remembred, tyll I closed this boke ; I can nat tell what he wyll do herafter, if 
 he do, I shall speke therof acordyng as I shall knowe. Nowe I wyll retourne to the 
 frenche kynge, who prepared for his iourney into Guerles.'' 
 
 Whan y lorde of Coucy was coe to the kyns to Monstreau, he shewed the kyng and 
 his counsayle howe he had sped, and howe th^t all the knyghtes and squyers in Bare, 
 
 in 
 
 This chapter ought to be numbered CXXXIV. " Gtrmany. ' Montereau sur Yonne. 
 
 ■' Gueldres. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 385 
 
 in Lourayne, in Burj^oin, and to the riuers of Ryne, and Some, were redy to go with 
 hym. Tlie kyuir had therol jiiet ioy, and sayd, by the grace of god lie wolde the same 
 yere se his cosyns the duke of Juliers, and Guerles :" Fyrste, they deterniyned whiche 
 way they shuide take, lor the surest and shortest way, (some sayd,) y the right way 
 was to go by Thyreashe, and to passe by the fronter of Haynalt, and of Liege, and to 
 passe through Brabat, and so to entre into Guerles," and to passe the ryuer of Meuse, 
 at Trecte,'' and so to entre into the lande of Juliers, and fro thence into Guerles." Of 
 this determynacion the kynge and his counsayle wrote to the duches of Brabant, and to 
 the countrey, shewynge them the waye that the french kynge purposed to kepe. It 
 pleased ryglu well the duches, but the countrey wolde nat agre therto, but sayd howe 
 the kynge and the frechmen shuide haue no passage that way, for it shuide be greatly to 
 their domage. The good townes, and the knyghtes of Brabante, were of y opynyon, 
 and sayd to their lady the duches, that if she cosented to suffre the frenchemen to entre 
 into her countrey, they wolde neuer ayde nor socoure her agaynst the duke of Guerles:' 
 but surely they sayd, they wolde close their townes, and go and defende their landes 
 against y frenchmen, sayeng, howe they shuide lese more by their passinge through 
 their countrey, than if their enemies were in the myddes therof. Whan the duches 
 parceyued the wylles and ententes of the people, as well knightes as other, she sawe no 
 remedy, but to dyssymule the mater : than she charged sir Johan Orpen, and syr Johan 
 ofGraue, and Nycholas de la Money, to go into Fraunce to speke with the frenche 
 kyng. and with the duke of Burgoyn, to excuse the countrey of Brabant, that he shuld 
 nat take his voyage that waye: for they of the countrey thinke they shuide be sore 
 greued and distroyed, if he shuide passe through their countrey; and she comaunded 
 them to saye, that as for herselfe she coude be well content therwith, and had done all 
 that she coulde that it myght so haue ben. They, acordynge to their ladyes mynde, 
 departed fro Brusels, and rode towardes Parys, and dyd so moche by their iourneys, 
 that they came to Moustreau fault yon,'' where the kynge and his vncles were, and there 
 was nothynge spoken of, but of their goynge into Guerles.^ The duchesse ambassa- 
 dours fyrste came to y duke of Burgoyne, and shewed him their letters and their mes- 
 sage ; and he, at the request ol his aunte, was meane to the kynge and to his counsayle : 
 and also the lorde of Coucy dyd what he myght: in so moche that their firste purpose, 
 as passynge through Brabant to entre into Guerles," was broken, and the duches and 
 the countrey excused. Than it was aduysed that they shuide go along the realme, 
 whiche way they sayd was moste honourable for the kynge, and also for the brabansoys, 
 burgonyons, sauoysyns, and other. 
 
 Than it was cocluded, and such named as shuide go in vowarde. There were or- 
 deyned a xxv. hundred hewers of woodes, hedgers, and dykers, to make playne the 
 wayes : the frenchemen had way good ynougli thorough the realme tyll they came to 
 Ardayne, than their good wayes began to fayle : than they founde hygh wodes dyuers 
 and sauage, and walles, rockes, and mountaynes : these pyoners were sente before the 
 vangarde with a thousande speares, to aduyse the best passage for the kyng, and for 
 the hoost, and for their caryage, wherof they had a xii.M. cartes, besyde other caryages, 
 and they to hewe downe the liygh wodes of Ardane, and to make them playne, and to 
 make newe wayes where neuer none was before, nor no man passed that way. Euery 
 man toke great payne to do their dylygence, and specyally suche as were aboute the 
 kynge, for they had neuer so great affection to go into Flauders, as they had than to go 
 into Guerles." And the lorde of Coucy was sent to Auignon, to hym that called hym- 
 selfe pope Clement, 1 knowe nat for what cause, and the vicount of Meaulx, sir 
 
 Vol. II. 3 D Johan 
 
 •' Gueldres. ■" Utrecht. " Montereau-sur-Yonne. 
 
386 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 Jolian Roy, and the lorde de la Bone, had the gouernauce of his men tyll he retourned 
 agayne. 
 
 Nowe let vs somwhat speke of sir Guy of Hacourte, and of maister yues Orient, who 
 were sent to the kynge of Almayne.' They rode so lonji that they came to Coualence,"' 
 where the kyno; was ; and whan they hadde refresshed the, they went lowardes the 
 kyng, who was enformed of their coniyng before, and he liad great desyre to know what 
 entent they came for: he assembled his counsayle; and than these two lordes came 
 before the kyng of Almayn,' and cuitesly dyd salute hym, and delvuerd their letters 
 of credece fro the french kyng : ^ kyng toke and reed them, and than regarded the, 
 and said: sir Guy, shewe forthe your charge; y knyght spake ryght sagely, and by 
 great leysar, and shewed the kyng and his coiisaile how the frenche kyng w his army 
 royal! wyll come into the froteis of Almayne,' nat to make any warre agaynsl hym, but 
 agaynst his enemy y duke of Guerles,' who had highly defied the kyng their maister 
 with shamefuU wordes, and out of the style of all other defyaiices, y whiche the 
 frenche kyng nor his cousaile can in no wyse sufTre ; wherlore sir, quod they, the kyng 
 requyreth you, as ye be a noble king, and of his blode, and he of yours, as all y worlde 
 knoweth, y ye wyll nat sustayne, ayde, nor mentayne the pride of this, duke, but ye to 
 holde y aliances and cofyrmacions sotyme done and sworne bytwene thempire of 
 Almayne," and the realme of Fraiice, y whiche he wyll fermly kepe on his parte. 
 Than f kyng answered and said: sir Guy, we are enformed y our cosyn, the freche 
 Jcyng, wyll assemble togider great nobre of people: he neded nat for so smal a mater 
 to assemble suche people, and to spende so moche to seke his enemy so farre of: for if 
 he had desyred me, vv lesse traueyle I coude well haue caused y duke of Guerles*^ to haue 
 coe to mercy and reason. Sir, quod the knight, we thanke you y it pleaseth you to 
 say so : but the kyng our maister regardeth but lytell his expenses, nor trauell of his 
 men: but he regardeth his honour, and to this his cousaile is agreed ; and syth y you 
 nor your cousayle is nat myscontent with our maister, (who wyll in no wyse violate nor 
 breke y ordinauces and confirmacios of olde tyme made bitwene y two realmes of Frauce 
 and Almain," but kepe and mentayne it, on the paynes }• is ordayned, therfore sir, we 
 be sent nowe to you. Well, quod the kyng, I beleue you well, and as for our cosyn, 
 f frenche kyng, shal be welcome into these partes ; as for me I thynke nat to styrre. 
 Therw the messagers were ryght ioyous, and thought they had sped very well : tha 
 they desyred to haue letters agayne ; f kyng said they shulde haue. That day they 
 taryed and dyned with the kynge, and had good chere, and after dyner they wente to 
 their lodgynges. Wherto shulde I make long processe, they sped so well that they 
 had letters, and suche answere as pleased the well. Than they toke leaue of f kyng 
 of Almayne," and retourned the same way they came. Nowe let vs speke of the freche 
 kyng. 
 
 Germany. '' Constance ? ' Gueldres. 
 
 Howe 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART 387 
 
 Howe iherle of Bloys sent to the frenche kyng ii. C. speares ; and the duke of Lo- 
 raine, and the loide Hairy of Bare, came to the ki/ng. And Howe the dukes of 
 Jullyers, and Guerlesj' knewe that the Frenche kyng came on them. 
 
 CAP. CXXXIX.' 
 
 TO accoplysshe this vyage, euery lorde in Frauce apparelled tlieselfe of euery 
 ihyng iiedetull ; y lordes, knightes, and squiers, and other men of wane departed fro 
 their owne places, as well fro Auergne, Rouergue, Q^uercy, Lymosyn, Poytou, and 
 Xayntoii, as fro Bretayne, Normady, Aniou, Tourayn, and Chapayn, and fro all the 
 lymitacios of y realme of Frace. Fewest men came out of fardest coutreis, and ^ most 
 nobre out of Hurgoyn, Picardy, Bare, and Lorayne : and bicause they of the body of 
 Frauce were in the waye, therfore they were best trauelled. It was ordayned by y kyng 
 and his cousayle, y no man shulde take any thyng in y' coutre wout payeng therfore, to 
 thcteiit thaty pore men shulde nat be greued ; but for all y ordinauce, ^ whiche was 
 well knowen and sprede abrode, and vjjon payne of great punissyon, yet the men of 
 warre ofteiymes sore trauelled y coutreis as they passed through; they coude nat ab- 
 steyne, for they were but yuell payde of their wages, and they must nedes lyue; that 
 was their excuse whan they were blamed for their pyllage by the constable, marshalles, 
 or capiiaynes. The erie of Bloyes was sente vnto, to sende two hundred speares of 
 chosen men, and was promysed well to be payde. I can nat saye howe he was dalte 
 wilhall, but he sente to serue the kynge two hundred speares, out of the countie of 
 Bloyes, and capilayus of them was, the lorde of Vyenne, sir Guyllyam of saynt Mar- 
 tyne, sirWyllyam ofChaumont, and the lorde Montigny: these foure had Uie go- 
 uernaunce of the erIe of Bloys bande ; they drewe lytell and lytell towardes Chapayne, 
 thyder they were ordayned to go. Than the Frenche kynge departed from Moustreau 
 Faulte yon,' and tooke the waye to Chalons, in Champayne. As than the duke ol 
 Berrey was nat come, for or his departyng he loked to here tidynges fro sir Helyon of 
 Lignacke, whom he had sente to the duke of Lancastre, to Bayon, to haue to his wyfe 
 y dukes doghter, as ye haue herde before ; but he had her nat, for the duke of Lan- 
 castre dissymuled with hym, and helde styll the knyght with hym at Bayon; he treated 
 with two parties, but he rather enclyned to the kynge of Castyle, than to the duke of 
 Berrey, and in lykewyse so dyde the lady Gjstaunce his wyfe: the duke made good 
 chere to bothe parties, to the entent to eiiHame them the soner to the maryage ot his 
 doughter. The kyng of Castyls messangers sore traueyled in treatyng of this maryage ; 
 they rested nat to ryde in and out bytwene the parties ; they ofiered great gyltes to 
 those messangers, but they offred nolhynge to sir Helyon of Lignacke." Whan it was 
 knowen in y realme of Frauce that the kyng was at Chalons, on his waye towardes the 
 duchy of Guerles,' than euery man departed fro their houses, and drewe after the kyng. 
 Than came the duke of Berrey, and lodged at Espinay, and the duke of Burbone at 
 another place, the erle of Marche, y erle^Dolphyn of Auuergne, the erIe ol saynt Pole, 
 
 3 D 2 '*"'* 
 
 • Gueldi-es. " This chapter ought to be numbered CXXXV. ' Montertau-sur-Youne. 
 
 " This passage is uninteUigible ; it ouirln to he " he (the Duke of Lancaster) held out hopes of success to 
 thein, (the Spanish ambassadors,) «hich lie did not do to Sir Helion de Lignac : in that case, however, 
 he required of them the payment of 600,000 francs within three years, 12,000 francs annual ydurin.r 
 liis life, and the life of the Duchess, and 2,000 more annually to support the Duchess's household. 
 
 ' Gueldres. 
 
3S8 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 and the crle ofTourayne: and witli the kynge was the duke of Burgoyne, the duke of 
 Lorayne, tlie duke of Tourayne, tlie constable of Fraurice, sir Guye of Tremoile,'' sir 
 Jolian of Beull: and the countrey about Chalous, and Raynes,'' more than xii. leages 
 all about was clene eaten vp with the men of warre. As than the lorde of Coucy Avas 
 nat retourned fro the pope. Tlian retourned sir Wyllyam of Hacourt, and mayster 
 yues Orient, and Ibunde the kynge and his vncles at Chalons : the kyng was ioyouse of 
 their comyng, and demaunded tidynges. They sliewed the kyng what they had founde 
 and done, and sayd, howe the kynge of Almaygne" had made them good chere, and 
 said to the kyng: Sir, whan the kyng had reed the copye of y defyaunce that the duke 
 of Guerles'' had sent to you, bothe he and his coiisayle were yuell cotent tiierwith, and 
 sayd howe it was done by great presupcyon and pride : and we can parceyne none other, 
 but he and his cousaile is well content with your enterprice, and ye shall haue no let 
 by hym, and the kynge is well content to vpholde and maynteyne the auncient alyauces 
 that is bytwene the empyre and Frauce ; he saythe ye shall haue no dout therof. Herof 
 the Freche kyng was right ioyfull; howebeit, some sayd, that wheder the kynge of 
 Almayne*^ wolde or nat, the kyng had puissaunce suffycient to do what he wolde without 
 dauger for ail him. Than the kyng ordeyned to deparle fro Chalons, in Champayn, 
 and so departed, and toke his way right to great Pre.* 
 
 Whan the kynge came to great pre,' he taried ther a thre dayes ; he coude make no 
 gret iourneys, there was so moche people belbre hym and behynde, and rounde about 
 hym, so that he was constrayned to ryde easely to haue good lodgyng, and bicause of 
 the great prouisyon that folowed after the hoosl : fro the first company to the last co- 
 tayned xxiiii. leages of that countrey, and styll dayly came people. Therle of great 
 Pre' receyued the kynge into his towne and countre, and offred all at the kynges plea- 
 sure. The kyng was well cotent with hym, and therle was apoynted to the vantgard. 
 Thyder came to the kyng y duke of Lorayne, and sir Henry of Bare, with a faire com- 
 pany of men of armes ; the duke of Loraine was ordayned to be with his sonne the lorde 
 of Coucy, and sir Henry of Bare to abide with the kyng. The pioners were sore 
 besyed in the forest of Ardane, to cutte downe wode, and to make wayes where neuer 
 non was before, they had great payne to fyll the valeys to make the waye playne for the 
 caryage to passe ; there were a thre M. that dyde nothyng els. Whan y duches of Bra- 
 bat knewe surely howe the kyng was on his waye, and approched theforeste of Ardayne, 
 she was therof ryght ioyfull, for she thought at that voyage she shulde be well reuenged 
 of the duke of Queries,'* and howe the Frenche kyng shulde bring hym to reason ; and 
 also his father the duke of Julyers, who had done to her many anoyaimces. Than she 
 departed fro Bruselles, and in her company the erle of Samines, in Ardain, the lorde 
 of Bocelairs, and dyuers other, and toke her waye to Lusenbourge, to se the kynge, 
 and to speke with hym ; she passed y ryuer of Meuse, and the ryuer of Huy,^ and at 
 laste came to Basconque,^ and there taryed the kynge, for he shulde passe therby, and 
 so he dyde; for whan he departed Graunt Pre," he passed the Ryuer of Aleuse, at 
 Morsay, with all his boost, and rode small iourneys. Than tidynges came into the 
 duchy of Julyers, and into Guerles,'' that the Frenche kynge was comynge on them 
 with a hundred thousande men, and that he had neuer so moclie people toguyder be- 
 fore ; he was nat so great a company whanne he came to Burbonrc, where he thought 
 the Englysshe army had ben gretter than he founde tlieym. The duke of Julyers than 
 began lo dout, but the duke of Guerles'^ made nothing therof, but sayde : Lette them 
 come : the further they come, the more weryer shall they be, and they and their caryages 
 shall waxe feble, and their prouisyons shall waste, and wynter shall drawe on, and I 
 
 am 
 
 ' La TremouiUe. '' Rlieims. ' Gernjany. '' Guelclres. ' Grandpre. 
 
 ' " At the bridge at Huy." * Bastoigne. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 389 
 
 am in a stronge countrey ; they shall nat eritre at their ease; they shall recule backe 
 somtyme otherwise than hy the sowne of tlie trompettes ; and it sliall behoiie them to 
 be alwayes toguyder, which they can nat be, if they wyll entre into my coutre ; and if 
 they disrought and be out of ordre, they shall soune be taken vp, wheder they wyil or 
 nat: howebeit, to saye the troulhe, quod the duke, our cosyn of Frauce is of a fjood 
 corage ; he shcweth and dothe as I sliulde do. Thus the duke of Guerles" deuysed 
 amonge his knyghtcs, but the duke of Julyers was sore abasshed. for he sawe Aveil tiie 
 French kynge Avolde his lande were but brente and loste. Than lie toke couusavle of 
 his brother, the Archebysslioppe of (jologne. and of his cosyu the bvsshop Leige, sir 
 Arnolde of Homes, howe he shulde do to saue his lande fro brennyng and exylyng. 
 These two prelates counsayled hyni and sayd, how it must nedes behoue hym to huble 
 hymselfe to the Frenche kynge and to his vncles. The duke sayde, he was well content 
 so to do. 
 
 Howe sir Helion of Lignacke made his reporte to the duke of Bcrrey : and howe the 
 lordes of Scotlande assembled toguyder in the cytie of Berdane^ and determined to 
 reyse vp an army to entre into Englande ; and of an Engiysshe squyer, who was 
 takenne by the Scottes, who hie we the secrelnesse of bo the reaimes, Englande and 
 Scotlande. 
 
 CAP. CXL.^ 
 
 THAN by the counsayle of the bysshoppe of Trect,'' and by the aduyse of the bys- 
 shoppe of Cologne, y bysshoppe of Liege was senle to the French kynge to treate for y 
 duke of Julyers. The kynge approched, but he passed nat two or thre leages a daye, 
 for his trayne was great bytwene Morsay and oure lady of Amount, where as the duke 
 of Berey and all his route, with mo than fvue hundred speres was lodged. Thyder 
 came to the duke of Berrey, sir Helyon of Lignatke and sir Wyllyam his brother: sir 
 Wyllyam came fro the siege before Vauchadore,' for the duke had sente for hym, and 
 the duke of Burbone had sente for sir Johan Boesme launce ;' and they had lefte sty 11 at 
 the sieoe ail their companyes, and had lefte lor capitaynes sir Johan Bullere and sir 
 Loyes D.mibier ; and sir Helvon of Lignacke came out of Gascon fro Bayon fro the 
 duice of Lancastre. The duke of Berrey made hym good chere, and demaunded 
 tidynges. Sir Ffelyon shewed hym and sayd, Sir, the kyng of Castyle seketh on 
 the duke oi Lancastre to haue peace with hvm, and treateth sore to haue his sorie the 
 prince of Wales^ to mary with the dukes doughter. With that worde the duke of 
 Berrey was pensyue and sayd. Sir Helion, yet 1 shall sende you oxvts agayne to knowe 
 more certayne, and the bysshoppe of Poyclers with you : but as at this tyme we haue 
 ynoughe to do : also the same weke the lorde of Coucy retourned fro Auygnon and 
 came to the kyng to Ardane ; euery man was glad of his comynge. 
 
 Ye haue herde here before howe kynge Richarde of Englande had some trouble ; he 
 agaynst his vncles, and his vicles agaynst hym, with other dyuers incydentes, as by the 
 duke of Irelande and other, and many knyghtes in Englade deed and beheeded, and the 
 archebysshop of yorke, brother to the lorde Neuell, was at a poynte to haue loste his 
 benefvce ; and bv the newe counsaylers about the kyng, and by the archbysshoppe of 
 Caunterbury, the lorde Neuell '^who had ben the chiefe ruler and kepar of the fronters 
 
 of 
 
 ' GiieWres. '' Aberdeen. <^ This chapter ought to be numbered CXXXVI. ''Utrecht. 
 
 ' Ventadour. ' Bonne-lance. ' Galicia. 
 
390 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 of Northutnbeilande agaynst the scottes fyue yeres togyder) was as than put out of 
 waa;es ; he had belore euery yeie sixtene thousande frankes out of the countie of yorke 
 and bysshoprike of Durham: and there was sette in his stede the lorde Henry Percye, 
 and he hadde to wages by the yere but a xi. thousande frankes ; wherof other lordes of 
 his lygnage, thoughe they were of his kynne, yel they hadde iherat great enuy and in- 
 dio'nacyon one agaynst anoliier ; and all this knewe ryght well the scottes. Than the 
 lordes and knyghles of Scotlande determyned ones agayne to reyse vp an army, and to 
 make a iournty into Englande ; they sayde it was as than good tyme and houre, for 
 they sawe the Englysshmen were nat all of one accorde ; and where as often tymes past 
 they had receyued great buffettes, than they sayd it was good lyme (or them to be re- 
 uenged ; and to the entent that their purpose shulde nat be knowen, they ordayned a 
 feest to be holden on the froiUer of the wylde scottes, at a cytie called Berdane,* where 
 assembled in maner all the lordes of Scotlande. At this feest they concluded and made 
 full promyse, that in the myddes of August, the yere of our lorde god a thousande thre 
 hundred fourscore and eight, they shulde mete all with their puyssaunce on the fronters 
 of Gales,'' at a castell in the hyghe forest, called Gedeours:' thus at that tyme they de- 
 parted eche fro other ; and of this couenaul there was none of them that made their kyng 
 priuy therto, for they sayd amonge themselfe, their kyng was no manne of warre. 
 There came to Gedeours^at the day apoynted, first, the erie James Duglas, sir Johan of 
 Morette,'^ erle of Marche and of Donbare, sir Wyllyam de Fif, and sir Stephyn Erie of 
 Monstres,' sir Aucebauce' of Duglas, sir Robert Auerceque,* sir Marke Odremneu,'' sir 
 Wyllyam Lymsey, and sir James his brother, Thomas of Berry, sir Alysaunder Lym- 
 sey, the lorde of Sechyn," sir Johan of Sobells,'' sir Parlryke of Dobare, sir John Sen- 
 clere, sir Partryke of Hoteborne,' sir Johan sonne to y lorde Momogomercy," sir Adam 
 of glasdiuyn," sir Wyllyam Reduryn," sir Wyllyam Stotiacke,P sir John of Haipe breton,'' 
 sir Alider and sir Robert Landfer,' sir Stephyn freseyle,' sir Alysander Ram'^ey, and sir 
 Johan his brother, sir Wyllyam Morbereth,' sir Maubert Heie," sir Wylliam of Wale- 
 ran, sir John Amonstan* and Dauy his sonne, Robert Colemney,' and dyuers other 
 knightes and squiers of Scotlande. In threscore yere before there was nat assembled 
 toguyder in Scotlande suche a nombre of good me; they were a xii. hudred speares and 
 xl. thousande men besyde with their archers ; but i tyme of nede the scottes can 
 lytell skyll with their bowes; they rather beare axes, wherwith they gyue great 
 strokes. 
 
 Whan they were thus mette togyder in the marchesse of Gedeours' they were mery, 
 and sayd, they wolde ntuer enlre againe into their owne houses lyll they had ben in 
 Englande, and done suche dedes there that it shulde be spoken of xx. yere after; and 
 to the entent to make sure poyntment, they assigned a daye to mete at a churche in a 
 fayre laiade called zedon. Tidynges came into Northumberlande fas nothynge can be 
 hydde if men putte to their dilygence to knowe) bothe to therle and to his chyldre, to 
 the seneschall of yorke, and to sir Maihue Redman, capitayne of Berwike, ol this grel 
 feest that had ben at Bredane;" and to ihetent to knowe wherfore it was, these lordes 
 sente to sertche couerily by heraudes and mynstrels. The scottes coude nat do iheir 
 maters so secretly, but y lordes of Englade knewe howe men rose in scotlade, and liow 
 they'shulde mete agayne at Gedeours.'' Brute of this came to Newcastell vpou tyne ; 
 and whan the lordes knewe of this, euery man toke good hede to his charge, and pi o- 
 
 uyded 
 
 ' Aberdeen. ' Cumljerland. "^ Jedworth. '' Earl of Moray. ' Menteith. 
 
 ' Archibald. « Eiskaie. '' Sir John Gordon. ' Seton. ' SandiUnds, 
 
 ' Hepburn. " Montgomery. ° Simon Glendmning. "Rutherford. '' Stroiiach? 
 
 ' Haliburton. ' Alexander Laudtr. ' Frazer. ' Moubiay. " Ri.btrt Hart, 
 
 ' Edmonstone. ' Campbell. I am indebted lor all the above corrections to Mr. Joiines' translaiioo. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 391 
 
 uyded themselfe redy to assemMe if nede were: and this tliev dyde secretly, bycause 
 their eiiterprice shiilde nal be broken: euery man heldc hymselie in their owne liouses, 
 and were deiennyned lo meie toy^uyder as soone as they knewe lliat the scottts tame 
 forwarde, and sayd, Ifthescoltes come fortht, we shall haue knowle;j,e therof; if they 
 drawe towarde Carlyle, we shall entre at another jwrte into their counirey, and we 
 shall do them moredommao;e than they ciindovs, lor their conntrey isall open : we maye 
 ^o where we lyst, and our countre is strong, and the townes and caslelles well closed: 
 and the better to knovve the state of the scottes, they sent a e^entylm.tn of Encrlade, \\ho 
 knewe ryght well the marchesse of Scotlande, and specially ihe forest of Gedeonrs,' 
 where y scottes shulde assemble ; and the Englisshe squyer went so forwarde, that with- 
 out espyeng he came to thechurche of zedon, where the scottysshe lurdes were, and he 
 entred in amon«re them lyke one of their seruauntes : and there he herde and knewe a 
 great parte of thententes of the scottes; and at thende of their connsayle the squyer 
 went to a tree where he hadde tyed his horse, and thought to haue foude him there, but 
 he was gone, for a scotte (who be great theues) had stollen hym awaye : he durste nat 
 speke for hym, but so went forthe afote boted and spurred ; and whan he was gone fro 
 the churche two bowe shotte, than there were two scottysshe knyghtes deuysed bylwene 
 themselfe, and sayd one to another : felowe, I haue sene a marueyle ; beholde yonder a 
 man gothe alone, and as 1 thynke he hath lost his horse, for he came by and spake no 
 worde ; I wene he be none of our company ; lette vs ryde after hym to prove my ayeng. 
 They rode after hym and soone ouertoke hym. Whane he sawe them comynge, he 
 wolde gladly haue ben thens : they came to hym and demaunded whether he wolde and 
 from whens he came, and what he had done with his horse ? He began to varry in his 
 sayeng, and answered nat directly to their purpose. They turned hym, and sayde he 
 shulde go and speke with their lordes: they brought hym again to the churche of 
 zedon, and presented hym to the erle Duglas and toother lordes: they examyned hym, 
 and parceyued well he was an Englyssheman: than they sayde they wolde knowe the 
 trouthe why he came thyder. He was yuell wyllynge to shewe tlie troulhe, but they 
 handled hym in suche wise that he was fayne to shewe all the mater, for they bare hym 
 in hande; withoute he wolde shewe the troulhe, incotynent he shulde lese his heed; 
 and if he wolde shewe the troulhe, he sholde haue none yuell. There they knew by 
 hym that the lordes of Norlhumberlande had senle hym thyder, to knowe the estate of 
 their enterprice, and whiche waye they wolde drawe. flerof the scottes were right 
 Joyous, and wolde nat for a great good but that they had spoken with this squyer. 
 Than they demaunded agayne" of hym in what parte the Englysshe lordes were, and 
 whyder there were any apurence that they wolde assemble toguyder, and what waye 
 they wolde take to entre into Scotlande ; outher by the see syde by Berwyke, or els 
 by Donbare, or els the highe waye by the connlie of Monstres" towarde Streiielyn.' 
 The squyer answered and sayde, Sirs, sithe it behoueth me to say the troulhe, I shall. 
 
 Whan I departed from them fro Newcastell, there was none aparence of their assem- 
 blyng, but they be on a redynesse to departe, as well to daye as to morowe ; and as 
 soone as they knowe that ye set forwarde and entre into Englunde, they wyll nat come 
 to mete with you, for they be nat of y power so to do, nor to fyght with you, sythe ye 
 be so great a nombre as it is sayd in Englande that ye be. Why, quod the erle of Moret, 
 what nombre do t'.ey repute vs at? Sir, quod he, it is sayd howe ye be a xl. lliousande 
 men and xii. hnnd:ed speares ; and. sir, if ye take the waye into Gales," they wyll go by ; 
 Berwike, and so to Dunbare, to Edenborowe, or els to Aiquest f and if ye take nat that 
 waye, than they wyll go by Carlyle, and into the monntayns of y conntrey. "Whan 
 the lordes herde that, eche of ihe'm recrarded other. Than the Englysshe squyer was 
 
 ° putte 
 
 ' Jedworth. " Menteith. ' Stirlin;?. " Cumberland. ' Dalkeith. 
 
392 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 putte to the kepyng of the Constable of Gedeours," and comaunded that he shulde be 
 surely kepte ; than in the same place they wente agayne to counsayle. 
 
 The lordes of Scotlande were ryght ioyfull of that they knewe surely the entent of 
 their ennemyes : and than they demaunded counsayle what waye was best for ihem to 
 take. The moost wysest and best experte in warre spake fyrst, and that was sir Archan- 
 bas Duglas'' and thei le of Fenne," sir Alysander Ramsey, sir Johan Saynt clere, and sir 
 James Lymsey:'' they sayd, for feare of faylynge of- our entent, we counsayle that we 
 make two atmyes, to the entente that our ennemyes shall nat knowe whervnto to at- 
 tende ; and lette the moost parte of our boost and caryage go by Carleon in Galles,^ 
 and lette the other company (of a thre or four hudred speares and two thousade of other, 
 well horsed) drawe towardes Newcastell vpon Tyne, and passe the ryuer and entre into 
 the bysshoprike of Durham, and burne and exyle the countrey : we shall make a great 
 breuU in Englande or our ennemyes be prouyded ; and if we se that they do folowe vs 
 (as they wyll do), than lette vs drawe all oure companyes toguyder, and take a good 
 place and fyght with them; we doute nat but we shall haue honoure : than lette vs be 
 reuenged of the dommages they haue done to vs. This counsayle was accepted, and 
 ord V ned that sir Archanbas'' Duglas, therle of Fenne,'' the erie of Surlancke,^ the erle 
 of Monstres,* the erle of Mare, therle of Astroderne,*" sir Stephyn of Freseyle,' sir 
 George of Donbare, and sixtene other great lordes of Scotlande, shulde lede the moost 
 parte of the armye towardes Carlyie: and the erle Duglas, sir Orge erle of Mare'' and 
 of Donbare, and the erle Johan of Morette,' these tiire to be capitaynes of thre hun- 
 dred speares of chosen men, and of two thousande other men and archers, and they to 
 go towardes Newcastell and entre into Northuberlande. Thus these two hoostes de- 
 parted eche from other, eche of them prayenge other, that if the Englysshmen folowed 
 any of their armyes, nat to fyght with them tyll bothe their armyes were ioyned toguyder. 
 Thus in a mornyng they departed fro Gedeours," and toke the feldes. 
 
 Howe the erle Duglas wanne the pencil of sir Henry Percy, at the barriers before 
 JVewcastell vpon tyne; and hoive the scottes brente the castell of Pondlen; and howe 
 sir Henry Percy and sir Rafe his brother toke aduyse to folowe the scottes to con- 
 quere agayne the penone that was lost at the scrimysshe. 
 
 CAP. CXLI." 
 
 WHANNE the Englysshe lordes sawe that their squier retourned nat agayne at the 
 tyme apoynted, and coud knowe nothynge what the scottes dyd, nor what they were 
 purposed to do, than they thought well y their squyer was taken. The lordes sent eche 
 to other to be redy whansoeuer they shulde here that the scottes were abrode ; as for 
 their messanger, they thought hym but lost. 
 
 Nowe lette vs speke of the erle Duglas and other, for they had more to do than they 
 that wente by Carlyie. 
 
 Whan the erles of Duglas, of Moret,' of de la Mare," and Donbare, departed fio the 
 great boost ; they toke their waye, thynkyng to passe the water, and to entre into the 
 bysshoprike of Durham, and to ryde to y towne and than to retourne, brinnyngand 
 exyling the countrey, and so to come to Newcastell, and to lodge there in the towne in 
 
 the 
 
 • Jedwortb. " Archibald. ' Fife. '' Lindsay. ' Carlisle in Cumberland. 
 
 ' Sutherland. « Menteith. "^ Stratherne. ' Frazer. ' Mar. ' Moray. 
 
 " This chapter ought to be numbered CXXXVII. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 393 
 
 llie dispite of all the Englysshemen: and as they deterniyned so they dyde assaye to 
 putte it in vse, lor they rode a great pase vnder couert, without doyng of any pyllage 
 by the waye, or assautyng of any castell, towre, or house, but so came into the lorde 
 Percyes hmde and passed the ryuer of Tyne without any let, a thrc leages aboue New- 
 castell, nat farrc fro Braspathe, and at last entred into the bisshoprikc of Durham, where 
 they founde a good countrey: than they beganne to make v/arre, to slee people, and to 
 brinne vyllages, and to do many sore displeasures; as at that tyme the erle of Northum- 
 berlande and the other lordes and knyghtes of that countrey knewe nothyng of their 
 comyng. Whan tidynges cae to Newcastell and to Durham that the scottes were abrode, 
 and that they myght well se by the fiers and smoke abrode in the countrey, the erle 
 sente to Newcastell his two sonnes, and sente commaundemente to euery man to drawc 
 to Newcastell, sayenge to his sonnes : ye shall go to Newcastell, and all the countrey 
 shall assemble there, and I shall tary at Nymyche,' whiche is a passage that they muste 
 passe by ; if we may enclose them we shall spede well. Sir Henry Percy and syr Rale 
 his brother obeyed their fathers comaundement, and came thyder with them of the 
 countrey. The scottes rode burnynge and exylynge the countrey, that the smoke therof 
 came to Newecastell : the scottes came to the gates of Durham, and skrymysshed there, 
 but they taryed nat longe, but returned as they had ordeyned before to do, and that they 
 founde by the waye, toke and distroyed it. Bytwene Durham and Newcastell is but 
 twelue leages englyssh, and a good countrey ; there was no towne without it were closed, 
 but it was brente : and they repassed the ryuer of Tyne, where they had passed before, 
 and than came before Newcastell and there rested: all the linglysshe knyghtes and 
 squyers of the countrey of yorke and bysshoprike of Durham Avere asscbled at Newe- 
 castell, and thyder came the seneschall of yorke, sir Rafe Moubraye, sir Rafe Red- 
 mayne, capytayne of Berwyke, sir Roberte Angle, syr Thomas Grey, sir Thomas Hol- 
 con, sir Johan Felton, sir Johan Lyerborne, syr Thomas Abyton,'' the baron of Helcon, 
 sir Johan Copuldyke, and dyuers other; so that the towne was so full of people that 
 they wyst nat where to lodge. 
 
 Whan these thre scottysshe erles (who were chyefe cap)taynes) had made their enter- 
 prise in the bysshoprike of Durham, and had sore ouerrynne the countrey, than they 
 retourned to Newcastell, and there rested and taryed two dayes, and euery day they 
 skrymysshed. The erle of Northumberlandes two sonnes were tw^o yonge lusty 
 knyghtes, and were euer formaste at the barryers to skrymysshe: there were many pro- 
 per feates of armes done and atchyued ; there was fyghtynge hande to hande ; (amonge 
 other) there fought hande to hande the erle Duglas and sir Henry Percy, and by force 
 of armes the erle'Duglas wanne the penon of syr Henry Percyes, wherwith he was sore 
 dyspleased, and so were all the englysshmen: and the erle Duglas sayd to sir Henry 
 Percy, syr, I shall beare this token of your prowes into Scollande, and shall sette it on 
 hyghe on my castell of Alquest,"" that it may be sene farre of Syr, quod sir Henry, ye 
 maye be sure ye shall nat [lasse the boundes of this countrey tyll ye be met withall, in 
 suche wyse that ye shall make none auaunte therof. Well, syr, quod the erle Duglas, 
 come, this nyght to my lodgynge and seke for your penon; I shall sette it before my 
 lodgynge, and se if ye wyll come to take it away: as than it was late, and the scottes 
 withdrewe to their lodginges, and refresshed them w^ith such as they had ; they had 
 fleshe ynough : they made that nyght good watche, for they thought surely to be awaked 
 for the wordes they hadde spoken : but they were nat, for syr Henry Percy was coun- 
 sayled nat soo to do. The nexte day the scottes dyslodged and returned towardes their 
 owne countrey, and so came to a castell and a towne called Pouclan,"^ wherof sir Haymon 
 of Alphell was lorde, who was a ryght good knyght; there the scolles rested, for they 
 
 Vol. II. 3 E ■ ' came 
 
 " Alnwick. ^ Boynton. " Dalkeith. * Pontlaiul ' 
 
394 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 came thyder by tyraes, and vnderstode that the knyght was in his castell. Than they 
 ordeyned to assayle the castell, and gaue a great assaute, so that by force ofarnies ihey 
 wan it, and the knyght within it. Than the towne and castell was brent, and fro thens 
 the Scoites wente to the towne and castell of Combur,^ an evght englysshe myle fro 
 Newecastell and there lodged. That day they made none assaut, but the next mornynor 
 they blewe their homes, and made redy to assayle the castell, whiche was stronge, for it 
 stode in the maresse : that daye they assauted tyll they were wery, and dyd nothynge ; 
 than they sowned the retrayte, and retourned to their lodgyng. Than the lordes drewe 
 to counsayle to determyne what they shulde do ; the moste parte were of the acorde that 
 the next day they shulde dysloge without gvuynge of any assaute, and to drawe fayre 
 and easly towardes Carlyle ; but therle Duglas brake that counsayle, and sayd, in dis- 
 pyte of sir Henry Percy (who sayd he wolde come and wynne agayn his penon), let vs 
 nat departe hence for two or thre dayes ; lette vs assayle this castell ; it is prignable ; 
 we shall haue double honour ; and than lette vs se if he wvU come and fetche his penon ; 
 he shall be well defended. Euery man acorded to his sayeng, what for their honour 
 and for the loue of hym ; also they lodged there at their ease, for there was none that 
 troubled theym : they made many lodgynges of bowes and great herbes, and fortifyed 
 their campe sagely with the maresse that was therby, and their caryages were sette at the 
 entre into the maresses, and had all their beestes within the maresse. Than they apa- 
 relled for to saute the next day ; this was their entensyon. 
 
 Nowe lette vs speke of sir Henry Percy and of sir Rafe his brother, and shewe some- 
 what that they dyd. They were sore dyspleased that therle Duglas had wonne the 
 penon of their armes ; also it touched gretly their honours, if they dyd nat as syr Henry 
 Percy sayd he wolde: for he had sayd to the erle Duglas that he shulde nat cary his 
 penon out of Englande, and also he had openly spoken it before all the knyghtes and 
 squiers that were at Newcastell. The englysshuien there thought surely that therle 
 Duglas bande was but the scottes vangarde, and that their boost was lefte behynde. 
 The knyghtes of the countrey, suche as were well experte in armes, spake agaynst sir 
 Henry Percyes opinyon, and sayd to hym : Syr, there fortuneth in warre oftentymes 
 many losses ; if the Erie Duglas haue wonne your penon, he bought it dere, for he came 
 to the gate to seke it, and was well beaten : another day ye shall wynne as moche of hym 
 or more. Syr, we saye this, bycause we knowe well all the power of Scotlande is abrode 
 in the feldes, and if we issue out and be nat men ynowe to iyght with them, and perad- 
 uenture they haue made this skrimysshe with vs, to the entent to drawe vs out of the 
 towne, and the nombre that they be of, as it is sayd, aboue xl. thousande men, they maye 
 soone inclose vs, and do with vs what they wyll ; yet it were better to lese a penon than 
 two or thre hundred knyghtes and squyers, and put all our countrey in aduenture. 
 These wordes refrayned syr Henry and his brother, for they wolde do nothynge agaynst 
 counsayle. Than tydynges came to theym by suche as had sene the Scottes, and sene 
 all their demeanoure, and what waye they toke, and where they rested. 
 
 =• Otterbourne. 
 
 Howe 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 395 
 
 Howe syr Henry Percy and his brother, nith a good iiomhre of ynen of amies and 
 archers, ivent after the scoltes to wi/nne agayiie his penon, that the erle Duglas 
 hadde wonne before .Yetvcasteli vpon Tyne, and howe ihey assailed the scottes before 
 Mountberke" in their lodgynges. 
 
 CAP. CXLII." 
 
 IT was shewed to sir Henry Percy and to his broder, and to the other knightes and 
 aquyers that were there, by suche as had lolowed the scottes fro Newecasteil, and had 
 well aduysed their doynge, who said to sir Henry and to syr Rafe : Svrs, we haue 
 folowed the scottes priueiy, and haue discouered all the country: the scottes be at 
 Pountclan,' and haue taken syr Haymon Alphell in his owne castell, and fro thence 
 they be gone to Ottenburge/ and there they laye this nyght ; what they wyll do to 
 morowe we knowe nat: they are ordayned to abyde there; and sirs, surelv their great 
 boost is nat with them, for in all they passe nat there a tlire thousade men. Whan sir 
 Henry herde that, he was ioyfuU, and sayd, Syrs, let vs leape on our horses, for by the 
 faythe I owe to god and to my lorde my father, I wyll go seke for my penon, and dys- 
 lodge theym this same nyght. Knyghtes and squiers that herde him agreed therto and 
 were ioyous, and euery man made hym redy. The same euenynge the bysshop of Dur- 
 ham came thyder with a good company, for he herde at Durham howe the scottes were 
 beforq Newcastell, and howe that the lorde Percies sonnes, with other lordes and 
 knightes, shulde fight with the scottes ; therfore the bysshoppe of Durham, to come to 
 the reskewe, had assembled vp all the countrey, and so was comyns^e to Newcastell ; but 
 sir Henry Percy wolde nat abyde his comynge, for he had with hym syxe hundred 
 speares knightes and squiers, and an eight thousande fotemen ; they thought that suffi- 
 cyent nombre to fvght with the scottes, if they were nat but tlire hundred speares and 
 thre thousande of other. Thus they departed fro Newcastell after dyner, and set forth 
 in good ordre, and toke the same way as the scottes had gone, and rode to Ottebourge,* 
 a seuen lytell leages fro thence, and fayre way, but they coulde nat ryde faste bycause 
 of their fotemen ; and whan y scottes had supped and some layde dowue to their rest, 
 and were wery of trauaylynge and sautynge of the castell all that day, and thought to 
 ryse erly in the mornyng in cole of the day to gyue a newe assaute, therwith sodenly 
 the englysshmen came on them and entred into the lodginges, wenyng it had ben the 
 maisters lodgynges, and tlierin were but varieties and seruauntes : than the englysshmen 
 cryed Percy, Percy, and entred into the lodgynges ; and ye knowe well where suche 
 affray is, noyse is sone reysed ; and it fortuned well for the scottes, for whan they sawe 
 the englysshmen came to wake them, than the lordes sente a certayne of their seruauntes 
 of fotemen to skrymysshe with the englysshmen at the entre of the lodgvnges, and in 
 y meane tyme they armed and aparelled them, euery man vnder his baner and vnder his 
 capytaynes penon. The night was farre on, but the mone shone so bry^ht as and it 
 had ben in a maner daye ; it was in the monelh of August, and the wetlier fayre and 
 temperate. 
 
 Thus the scottes were drawen togyder, and without any noyse departed fro their 
 lodgynges, and went aboute a lytell mountayne, wliicbe was greatly lor iheir aduaun- 
 tage: for all the day before they bad well adiivsed ilie |)lace, and sayd nmonge ihemseife: 
 If the englysshemen come on vs sodaynly, than we w)ll do thus and thus, for it is a 
 
 3 E 2 ioperdous 
 
 "Otterbourne. ;; This chapter ought to be numbered CXXXVIII. ' Ponlland. 
 
396 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 ioperdous thyng in the nyght if men of wane cntre into our lodgynges ; if they do, than 
 we wyll drawe to suche a place, and therby outher we shall wyn or lese. Whan the 
 englysshmen entred into the felde, at the first they soone ouercame the varlettes, and r.« 
 they entred fmther in, alwayes tiiey foude newe men to besy them and to skrymysshe 
 with them. Than sodaynly came the scottes fro abonte the mountayne, and selte on the 
 englysshmen or they were ware, and cryed their cryes, wherof the engiysshemenne 
 were sore astonyed. Than they cryed Percy, and the other partye cryed Di;glas : there 
 began a crueli batayle, and at the fyrst encountre many were ouerthrowen of bolhe par- 
 tyes; and bycause the englisshmen were a great nombre, and greatly desyred to van- 
 quysshe their enemyes, and rested at their pas and greatly dyd put abacke the scottes, so 
 that the scottes were nere dyscomfyted. Than the erle James Dughis (who was yonge 
 and stronge, and of great desyre to gette prayse and grace, and was wyllynge to deserue 
 to haue it, and cared for no payne nor trauayle), came forthe with his baner, and cryed 
 Duglas, Duglas: and sir Henry Percy and sir Rafe his brother, who had great indygna- 
 cion agaynst the erle Duglas, bycause he had wonne the penon of their arines at the bar- 
 ryers before Nevvcastell, came to that parte, and cryed Percy : their two baners mette 
 and their menne ; there was a sore fyght : the englysshmen were so stronge and fought 
 so valyauntly, that they reculed the scottes backe. There were two valiaunt knightes of 
 scottes, vnder the baner of the erle Duglas, called syr Patryke of Helborne' and syr Pa- 
 tryke his sonne ; they acquyted themselfe that day valyauntly ; the erles baner had ben 
 won, and they had nat ben, they defended it so valyauntly, and in the rescuynge therof 
 dyd suche feates of armes, that it was greatly to their recommendacyon and to their 
 heyres for euer after. 
 
 It was shewed me by suche as had been at the same batayle, as well by knyghtes and 
 squyers of Englande as of Scotlande, at the house of the erle of Foiz, for anone after 
 this batayle was done I met at Ortays two squyers of Englande, called Jolian of Newe- 
 castell, and Johan of Cauteron; also whan I retourned fro Auignon I founde also there 
 a knyght and a squyer of Scotlande ; I knewe them, and they knewe me by suche tokens 
 as I shewed them of their countrey, for I, auctor of this boke, in my youthe had rydden 
 nygh ouer all the realme of Scotlande, and I was as than a fyftene dayes in the house of 
 erle Wyllyam Duglas, father to the same erle James, of whome I spake of nowe. 
 
 In a castell a fyue leages fro Edenborow, in the countrey of Alquest,'' the same tyme I 
 sawe there this Erie James, a fayre yonge chylde, and a suster of his, called the lady 
 Blaunche : and I was enfourmed by bothe these parties how this batayle was as sore a ba- 
 tayle fought as lyghlly hath been harde of before of suche a nombre, and I beleue it 
 well ; for englysshmen on the one partye and scottes on the other party are good men of 
 "warre: for whan they mete there is a harde fight without sparynge ; there is no hoo by- 
 twene them as longe as speares, swordes, axes, or dagers wyll endure, but lay on eche 
 vpon other; and whan they be well beaten, and that the one parte hath optaygned the 
 victory, they than glorifye so in their dedes of armes and are so ioyfuU, that suche as be 
 taken they shall be raunsomed or they go out of the felde, so that shortely eche of them 
 is so contente with other, that at their departynge curtoysly they wyll saye, god thanke 
 you; but in fyghtynge one with another there is no playe no. sparynge; and this is 
 trewe, and that shall well apere by this sayd rencounter, for it was as valyauntly 
 foughten as coulde be deuysed, as ye shall here. 
 
 " Hepburn. ° Dalkeith. 
 
 Howe 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 397 
 
 Howe llie erle James Duglas hi/ Ids valyalnesse incouraged his men who were reculedi 
 and ill a manei discomfyted, and in his so doynge he was ^founded to dethe. 
 
 CAP. CXLIII.' 
 
 KNYGMTES and Squyers were of good corage on bothe parties to fyght valyauntly; 
 cowardes there liad no place, but hardynes rayned with goodly feates of armes, tor 
 knyghles and squiers were so ioyned togyder at hande strokes, that archers had no 
 place of nother party. There the scottes shewed great hardynesse, and fought meryly, 
 with great desyre of honour: the englysshmen were thre to one; howebeit, I say nat but 
 englysshmen dyd nobly acquyte themselle, for euer the englysshmen liad rather ben 
 slayne or taken in the place than to flye. Thus as 1 haue sayd the baners of Duglas 
 anci Percy and their men were met eche agaynst other, cnuyous who shulde wynne the 
 honoure of that iourney. At the begynnynge the englysshemen were so stronge, that 
 they reculed backe their enemyes : than the Erie Duglas, who was of great harte and 
 hygh of enterprise, seynge his men recule backe, than to recouer the place and to shewe 
 knightly valure, he tolce his axe in bothe his handes, and entred so into y prease, that he 
 made hymselfe waye in suche wyse that none durste aproche nere hym, and he was so 
 well armed that he bare well of suche strokes as he receyued : thus he wente euer for- 
 warde lyke a hardy Hector, wyliynge alone to conquere the felde, and to dyscoiiifyte 
 his enemyes ; but at laste he was encountred with thre speares all at ones ; the one strake 
 hym on the shulder, the other on the breste, and the stroke glented downe to his bely, 
 and the thyrde strake hym in the thye, and sore hurte with all thre strokes, so tliat he 
 was borne perforce to the erthe, and after that he coulde nat be agayne releued : some of 
 his knyghtes and squyers folowed hym, but nat all, for it was nyght and no lyght but by 
 the shynynge of the mone. The englisshmen knewe well they had borne one downe to 
 the erth, but they wyst nat who it was, for if they had knowen that it had ben the erle 
 Duglas, they had been therof so ioyfuU and so prowde, that the vyctory had been 
 theirs: nor also the scottes knew nat of that aduenture tyll the ende of the batayle, for 
 if they had knowen it, they shulde haue been so sore dyspayred and dyscoraged, that 
 they wolde haue fledde awaye. Thus as the erle Duglas was felled to the erth he was 
 striken into the heed with an axe, and another stroke throughe the thye: the englysshe- 
 men passed forthe and tooke no hede of hym ; they thought none otherwyse but that 
 they hadde slayne a man of armes. On the other parte, the erle George de la Marche 
 and of Donbare fought ryght valyantly, and gaue the englisshmen moche ado, and cryed : 
 folowe Duglas, and sette on the sonnes of Percy: also Erie Johan of Morette"" with his 
 baner and men fought valyauntly, and sette fyersly on the englisshmen, and gaue them 
 so moche to do, that they wyste nat to whome to attende. 
 
 ' This chapter ought to be numbered CXXXIX. " Moray. 
 
 Howe 
 
39S THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 Howe in this balayle sir Rafe Pera/e zuas sore hurle, and taken pri/soner by a 
 
 scollyssht knyghl. 
 
 CAP. CXLIIII.' 
 
 OF all the bataylles and encountrynges that I haue made mencion of here before in 
 all this hyslory, great or smalle, this batayle that I treate of nowe, was one of the sprest 
 and best foughten, without cowardes or faynte hertes : for there was nother knyght nor 
 squyer but that dyde his deuoyre and fought hande to hande: this batayle was lyke the 
 batayle of Becherell,'' the whiche was valyauntly fought and endured. The erie of 
 Northumberlandes sonnes, sir Henry and sir Rafe Percy, who were chefe souerayne 
 capytayns, acquyted themselfe nobly, and sir Rafe Percy entred in so farre amonge his 
 enemyes that he was closed in and hurte, and so sore handeled that his brethe was so 
 shorte that he was taken prysoner by a knyght of the erle of Morettes," called sir Johan 
 Makyrell.'' In the takynge the Scottysshe knyght demaunded what he was (for it was 
 in the nyght, so that he knewe hym nat) : and syr Rafe was so sore ouercome and bledde 
 fast, that at laste he sayd, I am Rafe Percy. Than the scotte sayde, syr Rafe, reskewe 
 or no reskewe, I take you for my prisoner ; I am Makyrell.'' Well, quod sir Rafe, I 
 am contente ; but than take hede to me, for I am sore hurte ; my hosen and my greues 
 are full of blode. Than the knyght sawe by hym the erle Moret,' and sayde, Syr, here 
 I delyuer to you syr Rafe Percy as prisoner; but, sir, lette good hede be taken to hym, 
 for he is sore hurte. The erle was ioyfuU of those wordes, and sayd, Makyrell,'^ thou 
 hast well wonne thy spurres. Than he delyuered syr Rafe Percy to certayne of his 
 men, and they stopped and wrapped his woundes; and styll the batayle endured, nat 
 knowynge who had as than the better, for there were many taken and reskewed agayne 
 that came to no knowledge. 
 
 Nowe let vs speke of the yonge James erle of Duglas, who dyd maruayls in armes or 
 he was beaten downe. Whan he was ouerthrown the preace was great about him, so 
 that he coulde nat releue, for with an axe he had his dethes woude. His men folowed 
 him as nere as they coulde, and there came to hym syr James Lymsey' his cosyn, and syr 
 Johan and sir Water saynl clere, and other knyghtes and squiers; and by hym was a 
 gentle knyght of his, who folowed him all the day, and a chapelayne of his, nat lyke a 
 preest, but lyke a valyauut man of armes: for all that night he folowed the erle with a 
 good axe in his handes, and styll skrymysshed aboute the erle there as he lay, and re- 
 culed backe some of the engllsshemen with gret strokes that he gaue. Thus he was 
 founde fyghtynge nere to his mayster, wherby he liadde great prayse, and therby the 
 same yere he was made archedecon of Abredan.^ This preest was called syr Willyam 
 of Norbernyche ;^ he was a tall man and a hardy, and was sore hurte. Whanne these 
 knyghtes came to the Erie, they founde hym in an yuell case, and a knyght of his 
 lyen^re by hym, called sir Roberle Harte; he had a fyl'tene woundes in one place and 
 other. Than syr Johan Sayncte clere demaunded of the erle howe he d)d. Ryght 
 yuell, cosyn, quod tlierle ; but thanked be god there hath been but a fewe of myne aun- 
 cytours that bathe dyed in their beddes ; but, cosyn, I requyre you thynke to reuenge 
 me, for I recon myselfe but deed, for my herte fayuteth often tymes: my cosyn Water 
 
 and 
 
 ' This chapter ought to be numbered CXL. ^ Johnes and D. Sauvage think this ought to be 
 
 Cocherell. ' Moray. '' Maxwell. '__ Lyndsay. ' Aberdeen. 
 
 • North Berwick. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 399 
 
 :ind you, I praye you rayse vpap;ayne my baner, whiche lyeth on the grounde, and my 
 squyer Dauy Colleinnie" slayne ; but, sirs, shevve nother to frende nor foo in whal case 
 ye se me in, for if niyne eneuiyes knewe it tbey wolde reioyse, and our frendes discom- 
 forted. The tsvo bretlierne of Saynl clere and sir James L) msey dyd as the erle hadde 
 desyred theym, and reysed vp agayne hi> bauer, and cryed Duglas. Suche as were be- 
 hynde and lierde ihat crye, drevve togytlier and set on iheir enemyes valyauntly, and 
 reculed backe the englysshemen and many ouerthrowen, and so draue the englysshemen 
 backe beyonde the place where as the Erie iaye, who was by that tyme deed, and so 
 came to the erles baner, the whiche syr Johan Savnte clere helde in his handes, and 
 niany good knyghtes and squyers olScotlande aboute hym : and styll company drewe to 
 the crye of Duglas. Tliyder came the erle Morette.'' with his baner well accompanyed, 
 and also the erle de la Mare, and of Donbare ; and whan they sawe the englisshmen 
 recule, and their copany assembled togyder, they renewed agayne the batayle, and 
 gaue many harde and sadde strokes. 
 
 Howe the scottes wmtne the batayle agaynsl the englysshemen hesyde Otteburge," and 
 there was taken prisoners sir Henry, and sir Rafe Percy : and howe an Englysshe 
 squyer wolde nat yelde him, no more rt'oUle a scotlysshe squier, and so dyed both : 
 and howe the bysshope of Durham, and his company, were discomfyted amonge 
 themselfe. 
 
 CAP. CXLV.'* 
 
 TO saye trouth, the englysshmen were sorer trauayled than the scottes, for they 
 came the same day fro Newcastell vpon Tyne, a sixe englyssh myles, and went a great 
 pase, to the entente to fynde the scottes, whiche they dyd ; so that by their fast goynge 
 they were nereoutof brethe, and the Scottes were fresshe and well rested, which greatly 
 auaykd them whan tyme was of their busynesse : for in the laste skrymysshe they reculed 
 backe the englysshemen, in suche wyse, that after that, they coude no more assemble 
 togyther, for the scottes past through their batayles. And it fortuned that sir Henry 
 Percy, and the lorde of Mountcombre,^ a valyaunt knyght of Scotlande, fought to- 
 gyther hande to hande ryght valyauntly, without lettynge of any other, for euery man 
 had ynough to do: so longe they two fought, that perforce of armes syr Henry Percy 
 was taken prisoner by the sayde lorde of Mountcomber.^ 
 
 The knyghtes and squiers of Scotlande, as sir Mare Adremench,' sir Thomas Auer- 
 nesquyn,^ syr Willyam, sir James, and sir Alysander Lymsey, the lorde of Faulcon,'' 
 syr Johan of saynte de Laux,' syr Patryke of Donbare, sir Johan, and syr Water Saynte 
 clere, sir Johan Makyrell,'' sir Guy Stewarde, syr Johan Halebreton, syr Alysaunder 
 Ramsey, Roberte Colounnie," and his two sonnes, Johan and Roberte, who were there 
 made knyghtes, and a himdred knyghtes and squyers that I can nat name; all these 
 ryght valyauntly dyd acquyte themselfe. And on the englysshe party before that the 
 lorde Percy was taken, and after, there fought valyauntly syr Rale Longeble,' syr 
 Mathewe Redman, syr Thomas Ogle, sir Thomas Gray, sir Tliomas Helcon," sir 
 Thomas Abreton," sir Johan Lyerbon," sir Willyam Walsyngham, the baron of Hel- 
 
 con, 
 
 * Campbell ? >> Moray. ' Otlerbourne. '' Tliis chapter ought to be numbered CXLI. 
 
 ' Montgomery. ' Malcolm Drummoud. ' Erskine. '' Saltoun. ' Sandilands. 
 
 " Maxwell. ; Langley. f Holton. ;; Abington, ' Lilburn, 
 
400 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 con,'' sir Johan of Ciilpedup,'' the seneschall of Yorke, and dyuers other fotemen. 
 Wherto shulde I write longe proces: this was a sore batayle, and Avell foughten ; and 
 as fortune is alwayes chaungeable, though the englisshmen were more in nombre than 
 the scottes, and were ryght valyaunt men of warre, and well experte, and that at the 
 fyrste fronte they reculed backe the scottes, yet fynally the scottes optaygned the place 
 and vyctory, and all the foresaid englysshmen taken, and a hundred mo, sauynge sir 
 Mathewe Redman, capytayne of Berwyke, who whan he knewe no remedy nor recouer- 
 aunce, and sawe his company flye fro the scottes, and yelded theym on euery syde, than 
 he toke his horse and departed to saue hymselfe. The same season aboute the ende of 
 this dyscomfyture, there was an englysshe squyer called Thomas Veleton," a goodly 
 and a valyant man, and that was well sene, for of all that nyght he wolde nother flye 
 nor yet yelde hym ; it was sayd he had made a vowe at a feest in Englande, that the first 
 tyme that euer he sawe englisshemen and scottes in batayle, he wolde so do his deuoyre 
 to his power, in suche Avyse, that eyther he wolde be reputed for the best doer on bothe 
 sydes, or els to dye in the payne ; he was called a valyaunt and a hardy man, and dyd 
 so moche by his prowes, that vnder the baner of the erle of Morette,'' he dyd suche va- 
 lyauntnesse in amies, that the scottes hadde maruayle tlierof, and so was slayne in 
 fyghtynge ; the scottes wolde gladly haue taken hym alyue, but he wolde neuer yelde: 
 he hoped euer to haue been re^cewed ; and with him there was a scottysshe squier 
 slayne, cosyn to the kynge of scottes, called Symon Glaudyn f his dethe was greatly 
 complayned of the scottes. This batayle was fierse and cruell tyll it came to the ende 
 of the discomfyture, but whan the scottes sawe the englysshmen recule and yelde the- 
 selfe, than the scottes were curtes, and sette theym to their raunsome, and euery manne 
 sayde to his prysoner : Syrs, go and vnarme you and take youre ease, I am your 
 mayster ; and so made their prisoners as good chere as though they had ben brethern, 
 without doyng to the any domage. The chase endured a fyue englysshe myles, and if 
 y scottes had been men ynowe there had none scaped, but outher they had ben taken or 
 slayne. And if Archambault Duglas, and the erle of Fen,' the erle Suriant,^ and 
 other of the great copany, (who were gone towardes Carlyle,) had ben there, by all 
 lykelyhode they had taken the bysshoppe of Durham, and y towne of Neivcaslell vpon 
 tyne. I shall shewe you howe. The same euenyng that the Percyes departed fro New- 
 castell, (as ye haue herde before,) the bysshop of Durham, with the rerebande cae to 
 Newcastcll and supped, and as he satte at the table, he had ymaginacion in hymselfe 
 howe he dyd nat acquite hymselfe well to se the Englysshemeu in the felde, and he to 
 be within the towne ; incontynent he caused the table to be taken away, and comaunded 
 to sadell his horses, and to sowne the trupettes, and called vp men in the towne to 
 arme themselfe and to mount on their horses, and footemen to order themselfe to de- 
 parte ; and thus euery man departed out of the towne, to the nombre of seuyn thou- 
 sande, two thousande on horsebacke, and fyue thousande a fote, they toke their waye 
 towarde Octenbourg,'' where as the batayle had ben : and by that tyme they h.adde gone 
 t\vo myle from Newcastell, tidynges came to theym howe their men weie fightynge 
 Avith the scottes ; therwith the bysshoppe rested there, and incontynent came mo flyeng 
 faste, that they were out of brethe : than they were demauded howe the mater wente ? 
 they aunswered and sayde: Right yuell ; we be all disconlyted ; here comelh the 
 scottes chasynge of vs. These tidynges troubled the Englysshmen, and began to doute. 
 And agayne the thirde tyme men came flyeng as fast as they might. Whafie the men 
 of the bysshoprike of Durham herde of these yuell tidynges, tliey were :ibasslied, in 
 suche wise, that they brake their array, so that the bysshoppe coude nat holde togyder 
 the nombre of fyue hiidred. It was thought that if the scottes had I'olowed tliem in any 
 
 nombre 
 
 ' Holton. '' Copeland. " Felton. '' IVIoraj'. = Glendinning-. 
 
 ' Fife. ^ Sutherland. . ■■ Otterbouiiie. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 401 
 
 nombre, seyng that it was night, that in thentryng into the towne, and the Englisshmen 
 so abasshed, the towne had ben won. 
 
 The bysshoppe of Durham, beyng in the felde, had good wyll to haue socoured the 
 englysshmen, and recoforted his men as moche as he coude, but he sawe his owne men 
 flye as well as other: than he demaunded cousaile of sir Wyllyam Lussey," and of sir 
 Thomas Clyfforde, and of other knyghtes, what was best to do ? these knyghtes for their 
 honoure wolde gyue hym no counsayle, for they thought to retourne agayne and do 
 nothyng, shulde sowne greatly to their blame, and to go forthe myght be to their great 
 domage: and so stode styll and wolde gyue none answere, and the lengar they stode the 
 fewer they were, for some styll stale awaye. Than the bysshoppe sayd. Sirs, all 
 thynges considred, it is none honour to putte all in parell, nor to make of one yuell 
 dommage twayne ; we here howe our company be disconfyted, and we can nat remedy 
 it: for to go to recouer them, we knowe nat with whom, nor w what nombre we shall 
 mete ; lette vs retourne fayre and easely for this night to Newcastell, and to morowe 
 lette vs drawe toguyder, and go loke on our enemyes. Euery man answered, as god 
 wyll so be it. Therwith they retourned to Newcastell. Thus a man maye consyder the 
 great defaute that is in men y be abasshed and disconfyted; for if they had kepte them 
 togyder, and haue turned agayn suche as fledde, they had disconfyted the scottes : 
 this was the opynion of dyuers ; and bycause they dyde nat thus, the scottes had the 
 vyctorie. 
 
 Howe sir Malhue Peedman departed fro the batayle to sdue hymselfe ; and hoiy sir 
 James Lynsaye was taken prisoner by the hysshoppt of Durhame : and howe after 
 the balaile, scurrers were senle forthe to discouer the countrey. 
 
 CAP. CXLVI." 
 
 I SHALL shewe you of sir Mathcwe Reedman, who was on horsbacke to sauc 
 himselfe, for he alone coude nat remedy the mater ; at his departynge sir James Lyn- 
 say was nere to hym, and sawe howe sir Mathue departed, and this sir James to wyn 
 honour, folowed in chase sir Mathue Reedman, and came so nere hym that he myght 
 haue stryken hym with his speare if he had lyst: than he said, Ah, sir knyght, tourne, 
 it is a shame thus to flye : I am James of Lynsay : if ye wyll nat tourne I shall stryke 
 you on the backe with my speare. Sir Mathewe spake no worde, but strake his horse 
 with the spurres sorer than he dyde before. In this maner he chased hym more than 
 thre myles, and .it laste sir Mathue Reedmans horse foundred and fell vnder hym ; than 
 he stepte forthe on y erthe, and drewe oute his swerde, and toke comge to defende 
 hymselfe ; and the scotte thought to liaue stryken hym on the brest, but sir Mathewe 
 Reedman swarued fro the stroke, and the speare poynt entred into the erthe : than sir 
 Mathue strake asonder the speare with his swerde ; and whan sir James Lynsay sawe 
 howe he had loste his speare, he caste awaye the tronchon and lyghted afote, and toke 
 a lytell batayle axe that he caryed at his backe, and handeled it with his one handt-, 
 quickely and delyuerly, in the whiche feate scottes be well experte, and than he sette 
 at sir Mathue, and he defended hymselfe properly. Thus they tourneyed toguyder, 
 one with an axe, and the other with a swerde, a longe season, and no man to lette them ; 
 fynally, sir James Lynsay gaue the knyght suche strokes, and helde hym so shorte, that 
 
 Vol. n. 3 F he 
 
 * Lucy ? * This chapter ought to be numbered CXLII. 
 
402 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 he was putte out of bretlie, in suclie wyse that he yelded hymselfe, and sayde : Sir 
 James Lynsay, 1 yelde me to you. Well, quod he, and I receyiie you, rescue or no 
 rescue. I am content, quod Reedman, so ye deale with me lyke a good companyon. 
 I shall nat fayle that, quod Lynsay, and so putte vp his swerde. Well, sir, quod 
 Reedman. what wvll you noAve that 1 shall do? I am vour prisoner, ye liaue conquered 
 me ; 1 wolde gladly go agayn to Newcastell, and within lyflene dayes I shall come to 
 you into Scotlande, where as ye shall assigne me. I am cotent, quod Lynsay : ye shall 
 promyse by your faythe to present yourselfe within this iii. wekes at Edeborowe, and 
 wheresoeuer ye go, to lepute yourselfe my prisoner. All this sir Mathue sware and 
 promysed to fullyll. Than eche of them toke their horses and toke leaue eche of other. 
 Sir James returned, and liis entent Avas to go to his owne copany the same way that he 
 came, and sir Mathewe Reedman to Newcastell. Sir James Lynsaye coulde nat kepe 
 the ryglit waye as he came : it was darke and a myst, and he hadde nat rydden halfe a 
 myle, but he met face to face with the bysshoppe of Durham, and mo than v. hundred 
 Englysshmen with hym ; he might wel escaped if he had wolde, but he supposed it had 
 been his owne copany that had pursued the Englysshmen : whan he was among the, 
 one demaunded of hym what he was. I am, quod he, sir James Lynsay. The bysshoppe 
 herde those wordes, and stepte to hym, and said, Lynsay, ye are taken : yelde ye to 
 me. Who be you, quod Lynsay ? I am, quod he, the bysshop of Durham. And 
 fro whens come you, sir, quod Lynsay ? I come fro the batayle, quod the bysshop, 
 but I stroke neuer a stroke there ; I go backe to Newcastell for this night, and ye shal 
 go with me. I maye nat chose, quod Lynsay, sithe ye wyll haue it so ; I haue taken, 
 and I am taken, suche is the aduentures of armes. Whom haue ye taken: quod the 
 bysshop ? Sir, quod he, I toke in the chase sir Mathue Redman. And where is he ? 
 quod the bysshop; By my faythe, sir, he is retourned to Newcastell; he desyred me 
 to trust hym on his faythe for thre wekes, and so haue I done. Well, quod the 
 bysshop, lette vs go to Newcastell, and there ye shall speke with hym. Thus they 
 rode to Newcastell toguyder, and sir James Lynsay was prisoner to the bisshop of 
 Durham. 
 
 Vnder the baner of iherle de la Mare,^ and of Dobare, was taken a squier of Gascone, 
 called John of Newcastell :'' and vnder the baner of the erle of Moret," was taken his 
 companyon Johfi de Cauteron. Thus the felde was clene auoyded or the daye apered. 
 The scottes drewe togyder, and toke guydes, and sente out scurrers to se if any men 
 were in the waye fro Newcastell, to the entent that they wolde nat be troubled in their 
 lodgynges, wherin they dyd wisely: for whan y bysshop of Durham was come agayne 
 to Newcastell, and in his lodgynge, he was sore pesyfe, and wyst nat what to saye nor 
 do, for he herde say how his cosyns \ Percies Avere slayne or taken, and all y knightes 
 y were with the ; than he sent for all y knyghtes and squyers tliat were in the towne ; 
 and whan they were come, he demaunded of the if they shulde leaue the mater in that 
 case, and sayde : Sirs, we shall beare great blame if we thus retourne without lokynge 
 on oure ennemyes: than they cocluded by the sonne rysynge euery manne to be aimed, 
 and on horsbacke, and a foote, to departe out of the towne, and to go to Octenbourge,"* 
 to fyght with the scottes ; this was warned through the towne by a trumpet, and euery 
 man armed theym and assembled before the bridge ; and by the sonne rysynge they de- 
 parted by the gate towardes Berwyke, and tooke the waye towardes Octebourge,'' to the 
 nombre of tenne thousande, what afoote and a horsebacke. They were nat gone paste 
 two myle fro Newecastell, whan the scottes were sygnilyed that the bysshoppe of Dur- 
 ham was commynge to theyrawarde to fyght: this they knewe by their spyes, suche as 
 they had sette in the feldes. 
 
 After 
 
 ' Mar, or March ? '' Chateau-neiif. ^ Moray. f Otterboume. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 403 
 
 After that sir Mathewe Rcedman v.as retourned to Newcastell, and hadde shewed to 
 dyuers howe he had been taken prisoner by sir James Lynsey, than it was shewed hym 
 howe the bisshoppe of Durham hadde taken the sayd sir James Lynsey, and how that 
 he was there in the towne as his prisoner: as soone as the bysshoppe was departed, sir 
 Mathue Reedman wente to the bysshoppes iodgyng to se his mayster, and theie he 
 founde hym in a studye, lyeng in a wyndowe, and sayd : What, sir James Lynsay, 
 what make you here ? Than sir James came forlhe of the study to liym, and gaue hym 
 good morovve, and sayd : By my faythe, sir Mathewe, fortune hathe brought me hyder; 
 for as soone as I was departed fro you, I mette by chaunce y bysshoppe of Durham, to 
 whome I am prisoner, as ye be to me ; I beleue ye shall nat nede to come to Edenborowe 
 to me to make your fynaunce : I thynke rather we shall make an exchaunge one for 
 another, if the bysshoppe be so contente. Well, sir, quod Reedman, we shall accorde 
 ryght well toguyder, ye shall dyne this daye with me; the bysshop and our men be 
 gone forthe to fyght with your men, I can nat tell what shall fall, we shall know at their 
 retourne. I am content to dyne with you, quod Lynsay. Thus these two knyghtes 
 dyned toguyder in Newcastell. 
 
 Whan the knyghtes of Scotlade were enformed howe the bysshop of Durham came 
 on them with x. thousande men, they drewe to counsayle to se what was best for them 
 to do, outlier to departe or els to abyde the adueture: all thynges consydred, they con- 
 cluded to abyde, for they sayd they coude nat be in a better nor a stronger place than 
 they were in alredy : they had many prisoners, and they coulde nat cary theym awaye 
 if they shulde haue departed : and also they hadde many of their men hurte, and also 
 some of their prisoners, Avhoe they thought they wolde nat leue behynde them : thus 
 they drewe toguyder, and ordred so their felde, that ther was no entre but one waye, 
 and they selte all their prisoners toguyder, and made them to promise howe, that rescue 
 or no rescue, they shulde be their prisoners ; after that they made all their mynstrels to 
 blowe vp all atones, and made the greattest reuell of the worlde. Lightlye it is the 
 vsage of scottes, that whan they be thus assembled toguyder in armes, the footemen 
 bereth about their neckes homes in maner lyke hunters, some great, some small, and of 
 all sortes, so that whan they blowe all at ones, they make suche a noyse, that it may be 
 herde nighe iiii. myles of; thus they do to abasshe their enemyes, and to reioyse them- 
 selfes. W4ian the bysshoppe of Durham, with his baner, and x.M. men with hym, 
 were aproched within a leage, than y scottes blewe their homes in suche wise, that it 
 semed that all the deuyls in hell had been amonge them, so that suche as herde them, 
 and knewe nat of their vsage, were sore abasshed. This blowyng and noyse endured a 
 longe space, and than cessed. And by that tyme theglysshmen were within lesse than 
 a niyle. Than y scottes began to blowe agayn, and made a great noyse, and as long 
 endured as it it dyd before.' Than the bysshop aproched with his batayle Avell rainged 
 1 good order, and came within y syght of y s^'ottes, as within ii. howe shot or lesse: 
 than y scottes blewe again their homes a loge space : y bysshop stode styll to se what 
 the scottes wolde do, and auewed the well, and saw howe they were in a strongegrounde, 
 greatlye to their aduauntage : than the bysshop tooke counsayle w hat was beste for hym 
 to do; but all ihynge well aduysed, they were nat in purpose to entre in amonge the 
 scottes to assay le them, but retourned withoute doyng of any thyng, for they sawe well 
 they myght rather lese than wyn. Whan the scottes sawe the Englysshemen recule, 
 and that they shulde haue no batayle, they wente to their lodgynges and made mery, 
 and thane oidayned to departe fro thens : and bycause that sir Rafe Percy was sore 
 hurte, he desyred of liis maister that he myght retourne to Newcastell, or into some 
 place where as it pleased hym, vnto such tyme as he were hole of his hurtes ; pro- 
 mysynge as soone as he were able to ryde, to retourne into Scotlande, outher to Eden- 
 
 ^ F 2 borowe, 
 
404 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 borowe, or into any other place apoynted : the erle of Mare,' vnder whom he was 
 taken, agreed therto, and delyuered hym a horse lytter, and sent hym awaye : and by 
 lyke couenaunt dyuers other knyghtes and squyers were suffred to returne, and tooke 
 terme outher to retourne, or els to paye their fynauce, snche as they were apoynted 
 vnto. It was shewed me by the informacyon of the scottes, suche as had been at this 
 sayd batayle, that was bytwene Newcastell, and Octeburge,'' in the yere of our lorde 
 god a thousande thre hundred fourscore and viii. the xix. daye of August, howe y there 
 were taken prisoners of the Englisshe partie M. and xl. men, one and other, and slayne 
 in the felde and in the chase xviii. hundred and xl. and sore hurte mo than a thousande : 
 and of the scottes there were a hundred slayne, and taken in the chase mo than two 
 hundred: for as the Englysshnien fledde, whan they sawe anyaduautage they retourned 
 agayne and fought ; by that meanes the scottes were taken and none otherwyse. Euery 
 man maye well consydre that it was a well fought felde, whan there were so many slayne 
 and taken on bothe parties. 
 
 Howe the scottes depdrted and caryed with them thole Duglas deed, and buryed hym 
 in the abbey of JVimays f and howe sir Atchambault Duglas and his company de- 
 parted fro before Carlyle, and retourned into Scotlande. 
 
 CAP. CXLVII." 
 
 AFTER this batayle thus furnysshed, euery man retourned, and the erle Duglas 
 deed body chested and layde in a chare, and with hym sir Robert Hart, and Symon 
 Glaudyn :" than they prepared to departe ; so they departed and ledde with them sir 
 Henry Percy, and mo than xl. knyghtes of Englande, and tooke the waye to the abbey 
 of Nimay -^ at their departynge they sette fyre in their lodgynges, and rode all the 
 daye, and yet lay that night in the Englyhsse grounde : none denyed the : the nexte 
 daye they dislodged early in the mornyng, and so came that daye to Nimay ;" it is an 
 abbey of blacke monkes, on the border bytwene bothe realnies ; there they rested, and 
 buryed the erle James Duglas ; the seconde daye after, his obsequye was done reueretly, 
 and on his body layde a tombe of stone, and his baner hangyng oner hym. Wheder 
 there were as than any mo Erles of Duglas to whome the lande retourned or nat, I can 
 nat tell: for I sir Johfi Froissart, .luctour of this boke, was in Scotlande, in y erles 
 castell of Alquest/ lyueng erle Wyllyam, at whiche tyme he had two chyldren, a 
 Sonne and a doughter ; but after there were many of the Duglasses, for I haue sene a 
 V. bretherne, all squiers, bearyng y name of Duglas, in y kyng of Scotlades house 
 Dauid ; they were sones to a knight in Scotlade, called sir James Duglas, and they bare 
 in their armes golde, thre oreyls goules, but as for y herytage I knowe nat who had it ; 
 as for sir Archambalt Duglas, of whom I haue spoken before in this hystorie in dyuers 
 places, who was a valyant knight, and gretly redouted of the englysshmen, he was but a 
 bastarde. 
 
 Whan these scottes hadde ben at Nymaye' abbey, and done there all that they came 
 thyder for, than they departed eche fro other, and wente into their owne countreis, 
 and suche as hadde prisoners, some ledde them awaye with them, and some were rau- 
 somed and suffred to returne. Thus the Englysshemen founde the scottes right curtesse 
 
 and 
 
 • Moray. ' Otterbourne. " Melrose. ■' This chapter ought to be numbered CXLIII. 
 
 * Glendinning, ' Dalkeith. 
 
THE CRONYGLE OF FROISSART. 405 
 
 and gentyll, in their delyueraunce and raunsonie, so that they were well contente. 
 This was shewed nie in the countrey of Bierne, in the erle of Foiz house, by a knyght 
 named Johan of Newcastell," who was taken prisoner at the same iourney, vndcr the 
 baner of tlie erle of Mare, and Donbare : and he greatly praysed the sayd erle, for he 
 suffrtd hym to passe in nianer as he desyred hymselfe. 
 
 Thus these men of wane of Scollande departed, and raunsomed their prisoners as 
 scone as they myg;ht, rycrht curtesly, and so retourned lytell and lytell into their owne 
 countreis. And i^l was shewed me, and I beleue it well, that the scottes had by reason 
 of that iourney two hundred thousande frankes for raunsomyng of prisoners; for sylhe 
 the bntayle that was before Streuelyne,'' in Scotlande, where as sir Robert of Breuce, 
 sir Wyllyam Dugias, sir Robert Versey, sir Symon Freseyle," and other scottes, chased 
 the Enwlysshmen thre dayes, they neuer had iourney so profytable nor so honorable 
 for the,^ as this was. Whan tidynges came to the other company of the scottes that 
 were besyde Carlyle, howe their company had distressed the Englysshemen besyde 
 Octeburgh,'^ they were greatly reioysed, and displeased in their myndes that they had 
 nat ben there ; than they determyned to dislodge, and to drawe into their owne coun- 
 treys, seynge their other company were withdrawen. Thus they dislodged and entred 
 into Scotlade. 
 
 Nowe letle vs leaue to speke of the scottes, and of the Englysshemen, for this tyme, 
 and lette vs retuurne to the yonge Charles of Fraunce, who with a great people wente 
 into Almaygne,*^ to bringe the duke of Guerles'to reason. 
 
 Whan the Frenche kynge and all his armye were paste the ryuer of Muese, at the 
 bridge of Morsay, they tooke the waye of Ardayn, and of Lusenbourgh, and alwayes 
 the pyoners were before beatynge woodes and busshes, and makynge the wayes playne. 
 The duke of Julyers and his countrey greatly douted the comyngof the Frenche kynge, 
 for they knewe well they shulde haue the fyrst assaute, and beare the fyrst burdone, and 
 the lande of Julyers is a playne coutrey. In one day the men of warre shuld do moche 
 domage there, and distroye and wast all, excepte the caslelles and good townes. Thus 
 the Frenche kyng entred into the coutrey of Lusenbourgh, and came to an abbey where 
 as Vyncelant,^ somtyme duke of Brabant, was buryed : there the kyng taryed two dayes: 
 than he departed and tok6 the waye throughe Basconque," and lodged withm a leage 
 where as the duches of Brabant laye ; she sent w orde of her beyng there to y duke of 
 Burgoyn, and he brought her into the felde to speke with the kynge, who receyued her 
 right honourably, and there comuned togyder. Than the duches retourned to Bas- 
 conque," and thyder she was conueyed with sir John of Vyen, and sir Guy of Tremoile;' 
 and the next daye the kyng went forwarde, aprochyng to the lande of his enemyes, and 
 came to ihetryng into Almayne,' on the fronlers of y duchy of Julyers; but or he came 
 so far forwarde, Arnolde, bisshop of Liege, had been with y kyng, and had greatly 
 entreated for the duke of Juliers, that the kyng shulde nat be miscontent with hym, 
 though he were father to the duke of Guerles -J for he excused hym of the defiauce that 
 his Sonne had made, affyrmyng how it was nat by his knowlege nor consent : wherfore 
 he sayd, it were pytie that the lather shulde beare the defaut of the sonne. This ex- 
 cuse was nat sufFycient to the kyng, nor to his vncles ; for the entent of the kyng and 
 his cousayle was, without y duke of Julyers wolde come and make otiier maner of ex- 
 cuse, and to yelde hymselfe to y kynges pleasure, his countrey shulde be the first that 
 shulde beare the burdone. Thanne the bysshoppe of Liege, and the lordes of Has- 
 bane, and the counsayls of the good townes, offred to the kynge and his counsayle, holJy 
 
 the 
 
 ' Chateau-neuf. ^ Stirling. ' Frazer. ■■ Otterbourne. ■" German)-. 
 
 ' Gueldres; - Winceslaus. " Bastoigne. ' La Titmouille. 
 
406 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 the bysshoprike of Liege, for his armye to passe and lepasse, payeng for their expenses 
 and to rest and refresshe them there as long as it pleased them. The kyng thanked 
 them, and so dyde liis vndes, and wolde nat refuse their ofTre, for he knewe nat what 
 nede he shulde haue after. 
 
 Howe the duke of Julyers came and excused hymselfe of the defyauce that his sone 
 the duke of Guetles' had 7mde to the Frenche kyng, and so became his suhtecte : 
 and of dyuers feales of armes done bytwene the frenchmen and the almayns before 
 Rencongne.^ 
 
 CAP. CXLVIIL' 
 
 THUS the bisshoppe of Liege retoi.rned to the duke of JuUyers, and to the arche- 
 bysshoppe of Coloigne, and shewed tlie what he had done, and thervpon they toke 
 aduyse. The duke of Juliers had great dout of exyling and wastyng of his countiey, 
 and sent for the knightes of his countrey to haue their coimsayle and aduyse, and dayly 
 the Frenclimen aproched. The lorde of Coucy, who was in y vowarde, and with hym 
 a thonsande speares, and the duke of Lorayne with hym, and the vicount of Meaulx, 
 with two hudred speares. Wlian the Frenchemen aproched the fronters of Almayne,'' 
 than they rode toguyder in good order and lodged wisely, for there were a thre hudred 
 speares of lynsars almayns, beyond the ryuer of Ryne, gathered toguyder: and they be 
 noted to be the greattest pyllers and robbers of all the worlde: andihey alwayes pursued 
 and coosted the Frenchmen to fynde them dispurueyed, to do them domage. The 
 Frenchemen douted the same, and durst neuer go a forragyng but in great companyes. 
 And as I vnderstode, sir Boucequaut the elder, and sir Loyes of Grache, were retayned 
 and brought to Nimay :^ these sayd almayns rode alwayes couertly, lyke byrdes flyeng 
 in y ayre sekyng for their praye; this made the Frenchemen wyse and to be well ware. 
 Thus whan the Frenche kyng was come so forwarde, as to the entre of the duchy of 
 Julyers, the duke of Julyers, who wolde nat Icse his countrey, beleued the cousayle of 
 the archebysshoppe of Coloyne, and the bysshop of Liege : these two entreated for hym 
 to y kynge, and brought the mater to that poynt, that his lades were in rest and peace, 
 by meanes of 'suche condycions as foloAveth : These two prelates dyde so moche, y they 
 brought the duke of Julyers into the kynges presece, and before his vncles, and the 
 duke of Lorayne, and other great lordes of Fraunce of y blode royal I ; and whan he 
 was before the kyng he kneled downe, and wisely excused him of the defyauce thai his 
 Sonne had made, and sayd, howe his Sonne was a foole, and that he had neuer counsayle 
 ofhymtodu as he dyde, but dyde it of his owne wyll : and oflred y kyng, sayeng: Sir, 
 to the entent to bring him to y knowledgynge of reason, by your lyceiice I wyll go to 
 hym and shewe hym his folly, as quickely as I can, and counsayle hym to coe and make 
 his excuse helore youre grace and your counsayle ; and if he wyll nat thus do, but do 
 agaynst my counsayle, I shall abandon to you all the townes and castels in my countrey, 
 and to prouyde for men of warre, and to make warre against hym, tyll ye haue taken 
 hym to mercy. Than the kyng regarded his brother, his vncles, and his cousaile, and 
 It semed to hym that this offre was laire and resonable, and so thought dyuers other: 
 than the kyng toke vp the duke of Julyers, (who was on his kne wiiyle he spake to the 
 ^y"S») '^"d sayd to hym : Sir, we shall take counsayle and aduyse on your promyses 
 
 and 
 
 ' Gueldrcs. I Remogne ? ' This chapter ought to be numbered CXLIV. '' Germany 
 
 ' Nimeguei!. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 407 
 
 and wordes. Than the duke rose vp and stode styll by the bysshoppes that brought 
 hyni thyder. Than the kyng and his vncles, and suche of his secrete counsayle, drewe 
 t02;iiyder, and dul)ated this mater long, Avith dyuers opinicls; the duke of Burgoyne, 
 to whom principallye the mater touched, bicause ol' the duchy of Brabant, wherin he 
 chaie<rcd lo haue crreat risrht of enherytaunce, after the delhe of the duches Jane, by- 
 cause of the lady Margaret his wyle, and also, to say the troullie, he was the chiefe 
 causer of the kynges comyn'j; thyder with all y puissance: wherfore he wolde that euery 
 thyng might be for the best, and to thentent that a good peace might be made bitwene 
 all parties, that there shulde he no more occasyon to coe thyder agayne another tyme, 
 bycause the voyage is long and costly for the realme; than he sayd to the kyng: Sir, 
 and it lyke your grace, and you my brother of Berrey, and to you all, I saye, that in 
 all thynges yuell begone, lyeth great aduyse; we here howe our cosyn the duke of 
 Julyers greatly excuseth hymselfe, and he is so valyant a man, and of our blode, and 
 ■we of his, that we ought to beleue hym ; he offereth to the kyng a great thyng, his body, 
 his countrey, his townes and castelles, to be at the kynges comaundemente, in case that 
 his Sonne the duke of Guerles^ wyll rebel], and come nat to make amendes of the de- 
 fyaunce that he hath made ; to speke acordynge to reason, it is a great thynge to haue 
 •with vs the duke of Juliers : the duke of Guerles' shall be the more feble, and the easyer 
 to correcte, and the more he shall dought vs, and soner come to obeysaunce ; wherfore 
 I counsayle that his oflre be nat refused, for he mekely humyleth hymselfe, and other 
 greate lordes of Almayne'' entreate for hym. To these wordes there was no contrary 
 opynyons, but all consented by one acorde. Than the bysshoppes of Coloygne, and of 
 Liege, were called to their counsayle, who had ben chyefe entreatours in this busynes, 
 and to them it was declared fro poynte to poynte, and fronie clause to clause, what 
 thynges y duke of Julyers shulde swere and scale to do, if he wolde haue his landes 
 saued, and to be in reste : Fyrst, that he shulde go to his sonne the duke of Guerles,'' 
 and shewe hym playnely his foly, and the great outrage that he had done, to sende to 
 defye so puyssaut a prince a^ the frenche kynge, and specially by suche fell defyaunce, 
 out of the style of ryght or ren^on; and to cause him to come to reason and mercy ; and 
 if he wolde nat thus do, but abyde styll in his opynyon, (through feble Avytte and coun- 
 sayle,) than the duke of Julyers to swere and seale to renounce hym fro all ayde or so- 
 coure that he myght do, and to become his enemy, as other be: and to suffre suche as 
 shall be apoynted by the kynge and his counsayle to abyde there all this wynter, to lye 
 in garysons in the countrey of Julyers, to make frounter warre agaynst the duke of 
 Queries," and there to be well entreated and receyued. 
 
 These two prelates were called to the kinges counsayle, to the entente that they shulde 
 shewe to the duke of Julyers these artycles, and so they dyd ; and than the duke sawe 
 well howe that it behoued hym to agree, or els to haue his landes ouer rynne and 
 wasted ; wherfore he acorded, and sware, and sealed, to vpholde all the kynges desyre, 
 so that his lande shulde nat be ouerion nor exyled : and he was contente that his lande 
 shulde vytayle the armye. Thus the duke of Julyers became tlie frenche kynges man, 
 and m:ide relyefe for his lande of Vierson, beyngbytwene Bloys and Berrey, and supped 
 that nyght at the kynges table. Fyrst, sate the bysshoppe of Liege, and the bysshoppe 
 of Coloygne: than the kynge, the duke of Burgoyne, the duke of Thowrayn, the duke 
 of Juliers, and the duke ol Burbone. 
 
 Thus the duke of Julyers was in reste and pease by the foresayd meanes, and the 
 kynge and his arinye were lodged in his countrey, the whiche was pleasaunt and plen- 
 tyfuU of all vytayles. Than the duke of Julyers wente towardes the duke of Queries' 
 
 his 
 
 ! Gueldres. '' Germany. 
 
408 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 his Sonne ; but or lie came there, there was dyiiers feates of armes done in the countrey, 
 lor the almayns,^ who be couetouse, oflentymes by night or by daye wolde ieoparde 
 themselfe, and sctle ou the frenchemens lodgynn;es, to kepe them wakynge, and som- 
 tyme they wanne, and sometyme they lost ; but lor one almayne that was taken, there 
 ^^•ere euer four frenchmen taken. And on a daye the constable of Fraunce, and the 
 lorde Coucy, the duke of Lorayne, the marshall of Blainuill, sir Johan of Vien, syr 
 Johan de la Tremoyle,'' and a four thousande men of armes came before a towne in 
 Guerles," called Remogne, and shewed themselfe before it in good ordre of batayle. 
 The same tyme y duke of Guerles' was within the towne, and praysed moche their de- 
 meanour, but he made none issue out, for he had nat men ynowe, wherof he was rywht 
 sore dyspleased. Thus the frenchemen were there in good ordre of batayle the space 
 of four houres, and whan they sawe that none Avolde issue out, they departed and re- 
 turned to their lodgynges. The same euenynge about the duke of Berreys lodgync, 
 certayne knyghtes and squyers drewe togyther, to the entent to ryde forthe in the morn- 
 ynge into the lande of their enemies to seke some aduenture, and promysed eche other 
 to stycke togyther lyke bretherne ; they were in nombre aboute a hundred speares : but 
 whan the mornynge came all their purpose was broken : for there was a squyer of Au- 
 uergne, called Godinos, a valyaunt man of armes, he pertayned to the lorde of Alegre, 
 whan he sawe that they had refused his company, and wolde nat desyre hym to go with 
 them, he was sore dyspleased, and brake his mynde to another sorte of companyons, so 
 that they were to the nombre of thyrty speares ; they rode forthe togyther, and rode all 
 that mornynge, and coulde fynde none aduenture ; and whan Godynos sawe that they 
 shulde retourne without doynge of any feate, he was sore dyspleased, and sayde to his 
 company : Syrs, ryde on fayre and easely, and I with my page wyll ryde aboute this 
 wode, to se if any enbusshe be hydden therin, and tary me vpon yonder Mountayne; 
 they agreed to hym. Thus he and his page rode forthe costynge the wode ; whan he 
 had rydden a lytell waye, he herde one whystell in the wode, and strake his horse with 
 the sporres, and came to the syde of the wode, and there he foundean almayne guerloys 
 cuttynge of wode ; than Godynos toke his glayue and came rynnynge at this man, wherof 
 the man was sore abasshed ; than Godynos made sygne to hym that he shulde go with 
 him, and thought that his companyons yet shulde se that he had founde somwhat, and 
 thought the same manne shulde do them some seruyce in their lodgynges: and so Gc= 
 dynos rode on before on a lowe hackeney, and the almayne folowed hym afoote with a 
 hewynge axe on his necke, wherwith he had wrought in the wode: Godinos page lepte 
 on his maysters courser, and bare his bassenette and speare, and folowed them halfe 
 slepynge, bycause he had rysen so early: and the almayn, who knewe nat whyder he 
 shulde go, nor what they wolde do with hym, thought to delyuer hymselfe, and came 
 fayre and easely to Godynos, and lyfte vp his axe, and strake hym suche a stroke on 
 the heed that he claue it to the teeth, and so ouerthrewe hym starke deed ; the page 
 knewe nat therof tyll he sawe his mayster fall ; than the vyllayne fledde into the wode 
 and saued hymselfe. This aduenture fell to Godinos, wherwith suche as knewe hym 
 were sore dyspleased, and specyally they of Auuergne, for he was the man of aimes 
 that was moste doughted of the englisshmen in those parties, and he thatdyd them most 
 domage: if he had been in prisone he shulde haue ben quyted out, and if it had been 
 for twenty thousande frankes. 
 
 Nowe lette vs retourne to the duke of Julyers. 
 
 ' Germans. ^ Tremouille. <■ Gueldres. 
 
 Hoyye 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 409 
 
 Howe the duke of Jiil'eri and ihe archebi/ssliop of Coloi/gne departed fro the frenche 
 kynoe^ mid ivenie lo A'l/nmi/,^ to the duke of Gnerlcs,^ and howe hy their meanes 
 h u'tis reco)isj/led and brought to peace with the frenche kynge, and with the duches 
 of Brabante. 
 
 CAP. CXLIX.^ 
 
 YE knowe well, as it hatlie ben shewed here before, howe the duke of Julyers made 
 his peace wiili tlie frenche king, by meanes of the bysshoppes that treated in that be- 
 halfe: and also, to save the trouthe, the duke of Lorayne, his cosyn, toke great payne 
 in the mater: and (as ye haiie herde) the duke promysed to i^o to his sonne the duke of 
 Guerles '' and to c >iise hym to come to the kynges mercy, or els to make hym warre. 
 Thus the fluke of Julyers was fayne to {jromyse, or els all his countrey had ben loste. 
 Thus the duke ol Julyers, and the archbysslioppe, toke their iourney tugo into Guerles/ 
 and passed tlie ryuer and came to Nymay," where as the duke was, who receyued his 
 father wiih great ioye as he was bounde to do, for there is nothynge so nere a man as 
 his father and mother, but he was nothynge glad of that he herde howe that the duke 
 his father was agreed with the frenche kynge. Than the duke of Juliers, and the 
 bysshop, shewed liym at length the hole mater in what case he and his lande stode in. 
 He made lylle therof, for he was so sore alyed with the kynge of Englande that he 
 wolde nat forsake hym, for his herte was good englysshe, and so excused hymselfe 
 greatly, and sayde to his faiher : Syr, let me alone, I wyll abyde the aduenture, and 
 if 1 take domage by reason of the frenche kynges comynge, I am yonge ynough to beare 
 it, and lo be reuenged herafter on some parte of the realme of Fraunce, or vpon my 
 ney-hboiirs the Brabansoys ; there is no lorde canne kepe warre without some domage, 
 sometyme lese, and sometyme Wynne. Whan his father the duke of Julyers herde 
 hym so styflfe in h s opynyon, he was sore dyspleased with him, and sayd : Sonne 
 Willyam, for who e make yon youre warre, and who be they that shall reuenge your 
 domage? Syr. quod he, the kynge of Englande and his puysaunce ; and I haue gret 
 maruayle that I here no lydvnges of the englysshe army that is on the see : for if they 
 Avere come as they haue promysed me to do, I wolde haue wakened the frencheraen 
 oftener thanne ones or this tyme. What, quod his father, do you trust and abyde for 
 the englysshmen ? they are so besyed in euery quarter, that they wote nat to whome to 
 entende ; the duke of Lancustre, our cosyn, lyeth at Bayon, or at Burdeaux, and is re- 
 tourned out of Spayne in a small ordre, and hath lost his men and tyme: and he hath 
 sente into Englande for to haue mo men of armes and archers, and he can nat get to the 
 iiomhre of XX. speares ; also the englysshemen haue had but late in playne batayle a 
 great domage in Northumberlande, for all their chyualry aboute Newcastell vpon Tyne 
 were ouertlirowen, and slayne and taken, so that as nowe the realme of Englande is nat 
 in good quyete nor reste : wherfore it is nat for you to trust at this tyme on the 
 englysshemen, for of them ye shall haue no comforte ; wherfore I cousayle you to be 
 ruled by vs, and we shall make your peace with the frenche kyng, and shall do so 
 moche that ye shall nouther receyue shame nor domage. Syr, quod the duke Oi 
 Guerles,'' howe may I with niyne honoure acorde with the Frenche kynge, thouo,', f 
 shnlde lese all my hole lande, and go dwell in some other place ? surely 1 wyll nat do 
 it, I am to sore alyed with the kinge of Englande, and also I haue defyed the frenche 
 Vol. II. 3 G ' kynge; 
 
 ' Nimcguen. ' Giieldres. ' This chapter ought to be numbered CXLV 
 
410 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 kynge ; thynke you tliat for feare of liym I shulde reuoke my wordes, or breke my scale ? 
 ye wolde I shulde be dyshonored : I requyre you let me alone, I shall defende myself 
 right well agaynst them ; I set lyteii by their ihretenynges; the waters, and raynes, 
 and colde wethers, shall so fight for me or the tyme of Janyuer come, that they shall 
 be so wery, that the hardyest of theym shall wysshe themselfe at liome in their owne 
 houses. 
 
 Thus at the begynnynge of this treatie the duke of Juliers, and the bysshoppe of 
 Coloyne, coulde nat breke the duke of Guerles^ purpose, and yet they were with hym 
 a sixe dayes, and euery day in counsayle ; and whan the duke of Julyers savve no other- 
 ways, he began sore to argue against his sonne, and sayd : Sonne, if ye wyll nat by- 
 leue me, surely I shall dysplease you, and as for your enherytaunce of the duchy of 
 Julyers, ye shall neuer haue one foote therof, but rather I shall gyue it to a straunger, 
 Avho shall be of puyssaunce to defende it agaynste you ; ye are but a fooie if ye wyltnat 
 beleue my counsayle. Whan the duke of Queries' sawe his father inflamed with ire, 
 than to apease his displeasure, he sayd : Sir, than counsayle me to myne honour, and at 
 your desyre I shall leane therto ; for syr, I owe to you all obeysaunce, and wyll do. 
 Than the duke of Julyers sayde : Sonne, novve ye speke as ye shulde do, and I shall 
 loke for your honoure as moche as I wolde do for myne owne. Than it was deuysed by 
 great del) beracion of counsayle, that for to saue the honoure on all parties, that the 
 duke of Guerles" shulde go to the frenche kynge, and to do hym honoure and reuerence, 
 as he ought to do to a kynge, and to make his excuse of the defyaunce that he liad sente 
 to the kynge, and to say after this maner : Syr, trewe it is there was a letter at a tyme 
 sealed with my scale sente into Fraunce, whiche came to your knowledge, in the whiche 
 letter was contaygned defyaunce, pertaynynge to your grace and to your realme, with 
 wordes vnreasonable, out of the ryght style and vsage that princes and lordes defie eche 
 other, the whiche I wyll nat auowe y euer any suche wordes passed out of my mouthe, 
 nor by my comaundemente, any worde touchynge or defamynge your name or signory ; 
 and syr, to veryfye that this myne excuse is of trouthe, and that it maye be had out of 
 all suspecte, I shall declare the trouthe of euery thynge : Syr, by reason of the great 
 alyaunce and seruyce that I haue borne to my ryght redouted lorde the kynge of Eng- 
 lande, at his requeste, and his counsayls, I sente into Englande four of my knyghtes, 
 and delyuered theym my scale to scale to any thynge that they concluded vpon ; they 
 sealed this letter and nat I, for I neuer knewe before the sealynge of that letter what was 
 conteyned therin : Syr, I requyre your grace accepte this excuse, for this is trewe : but 
 sir, as for the aliaunce and seruyce that I haue made to my lorde the kynge of Englande 
 I wyll neuer breke it, nor do contrarye to that he commaundeth me ; but syr, at his 
 request and comaundeuient I wyll defye you or any other, whan it shall please hym, 
 who so euer they be, excepte myne owne naturall lorde the kynge of Almayne," to 
 whome I am made seruaunte by my mouthe spoken, and by myne handes in his; but 
 syr, for the honoure of you, consyderynge and in recompensynge the paynes and 
 traueyls that ye haue susteyned in your iourney comynge h.yder, to knowe the foun- 
 dacion and trouthe of the defyaunce, I shall svvere to you and kepe it, that I shall neuer 
 make warre agaynst you nor defye you, but fyrste ye shall be.^ignyfyed therof an hole 
 yere before ; and sir, me thynke this shulde suffyce you. To this deuyse the duke of 
 t Queries" sayde, I am well contente thus to do; in this there is no dyshonour nor 
 blame to me, as 1 thynke. 
 
 Thus on this poynte departed the duke of Julyers from his sonnethe duke of Guerles," 
 and with him the archebysshoppe of Coloygne, and so they returned into Julyers, and 
 
 came 
 
 ' Gueldres. * Germany. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 411 
 
 came to Endesker ; and whan tyme was, they wente to the fVenche kynge, and shewed 
 him all the poyntes and artycles before rehersed, and sayd : Syr, loke what ye wyll 
 do with the duke of Guerles/ for other than this ye shall nat haue of hym. The frenche 
 kynge greatly desyred to se the duke of Guerles^ his cosyn, bycause he had put hym to 
 so nioche payne, wherfore the soner he enclyned to this treatye: and the duke of Bur- 
 goyn, who wolde also that the duches of Brabant, and her countrey, shulde abyde in 
 rest and peace, he toke payne to bringe this treatie to eflecte, and y the dukeof Guerles* 
 myght come to speke with the kynge: and also there was one thynge that made them 
 the soner agre : wynter aproched, and the nyghtes began to be longe and colde, and also 
 the lordes of Fraunce were enfourmed that Queries'" was no countrey to rest in, in the 
 tyme of wynter: and also dayly they had reporte howe they loste of their men, bothe 
 knyghtes and squyers, by the lynsars almayns, who dayly lay in wayte for them. So 
 many reasons and consyderacyons were layde and alledged, that they fell to acorde, and 
 the duke of Guerles" aproched, and the duke of Julyers his father, and the duke of 
 Lorayne, and the bysshop of Coloigne, brought hym into the kynges tente, where 
 there was with the kynge, his thre vncles, and his brother, the duke of Tourayne, and 
 the duke of Bare, the erle of Marche, the erle of saynte Pole, the erle dolphyn of Au- 
 uergne, the lorde Coucy, and the constable of Fraunce ; there the duke of Guerles* 
 kneled downe before the kynge, and as it was infourmed me, the kyng toke hym vp, 
 and there valyauntly and wysely he exscused hymselfe of the defyaunce that he had 
 made to the kynge : and moreouer he sware, that if euer he wolde defye the kynge, or 
 make warre to the realme of Fraunce, that he wolde gyue the kynge knowlege therof a 
 yere before, and the countreys of Guerles^ and Brabante to be styll in the same case 
 as they be in at that same preset tyme. Thus the mater concluded bytwene them ; and 
 the duke of Guerles" supped with the kynge the same nyghte at his table : he was greatly 
 regarded, bycause he had put the kynge to so moche payne and coste. This treatie and 
 conclusyon was put in writynge and sealed ; and whan all was done, the lordes toke 
 leaue to departe ; but or they departed, the duke of Guerles" demaunded of the kynge, 
 that all suche prisoners as the Frenchemen had taken in that warre, that he myght haue 
 them delyuered franke and free : he had his desyre, they were delyuered. Thanne the 
 kynge demaunded of the duke, that all suche prysoners as his men had taken in that 
 voyage shulde be delyuered and rendred agayne. Than the duke of Guerles" excused 
 hymselfe, and sayde : Syr, that I can nat do, I am but a poore man, and whan I knewe 
 of your commynge, I fortifyed myselfe the best I myght with men of warre, knyghtes, 
 and squyers, fro beyonde the ryuer of Ryne, and other places : and I promysed them 
 that whatsoeuer they wanne in this warre, it shulde be their owne ; wherfore I can take 
 nothinge fro them of that they haue wonne : if I wolde, I haue nouther puyssaunce nor 
 power to do it : for if I wolde shewe rygoure to theym, they wolde make warre agaynst 
 me: wherfore, sir, may it please you to lette it passe, for I canne nat remedy it. The 
 kynge sawe he coulde haue nothyng els, he suffred it to passe, and imagyned that he 
 and his realme were riche ynough to encrease poore men, wherfore he let it passe, and 
 spake no mo wordes : and at their departure eche of theym well contented other. Than 
 it was ordeyned to dyslodge, and to retourne the same way they came, and than it was 
 sayd that the frenche kynge shulde be at the cytie of Reynes"" at the feest of all sayntes, 
 and there to holde a great feest. Thus euery man dyslodged and retourned. 
 Nowe lette vs speke of the englysshe army on the see. 
 
 ' Gueldres. "* Rheiins. 
 
 3 G 2 Howe 
 
412 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 Hoyve the erle of Arundell and the knyghtes of Englande, beyng on the see, hy fortune 
 of the wT/nde, came to the Palyce" besyde Rochell, whose beynge there was signifyed 
 to sir Loys of Xanser: and of the departynge of the erle of Arundell. 
 
 CAP. CL." 
 
 IN the meane seasone whyle the french kyng was in Guerles/ the englysshe army 
 was on the see, wherof the erle of Arundell was chefe capytayne, and sometytne sayled 
 forvvarde and somtyme hackwarde, as the wynde wolde seme them, to seke for aduen- 
 tures, as it is well knowen. Always lightly bytwene the feest of saynt Remey and all 
 sayntes is a peryllous season for stormes and wyndes on the see, and aboute the same 
 tyme there rose suche a tempeste, that it sparkled abrode the englysshe nauy in suche 
 wyse that the hardyest marynere there was sore abasshed, so that perforce they were 
 constreyned to seke for lande : and the erle of Arundell, with xxvii. vesselles with hym, 
 whether they wolde or nat, were fayne to caste ancre in a lytell hauen called the Palyce," 
 a two small leages fro Rochell, and y wynde was so streynable on seeborde, that they 
 coude nat departe thence. Whanne tydynges therof came to Rochell, they weie in 
 great dought at the fyrste leste the englisshmen wolde come on them and do them great 
 domage, and closed their gates and helde them shytte a day and a halfe. Than other 
 tydynges came to them fro them of Palyce, howe the englysshemen were but xxvii. ves- 
 selles, and came thyder by force of wynde and wether, and taryed for nothyiige but to 
 departe agayne, and that the Erie of Arundell was there, and the lorde Henry Bea- 
 monde, sir Willyam Helmen, and mo than thyrty knyghtes of Englande. Than they of 
 Rochell tooke counsayle what thynge was beste for them to do; and, all thyiig cunsy- 
 dered, they sayd howe they shulde but easly acquyte themselfe if they went nat to skry- 
 mysshe with them. The same season before the castell of Boutenyll was syr Lnys of 
 Xansere, mershall of France, and had besieged within the fortresse Gylliam of saynt 
 Foye, a gascon ; and with the marshall a great company of Poictou, of Xayntone, of 
 Piergourt,'^ of Rochell, and of the lowe marches, for all were nat gone into Almayne*^ 
 with y king. This sir Loys was soueraygne capytayne oner all the fronters bytwene 
 Mountpellyer and Rochell, tyll the retourne of the lorde Coucy. They of Rochell 
 sent worde to the marshall of the englysshmens beynge at Palyce: whan he herde ther- 
 of he Avas ryght ioyfull, and sent to theym that they shulde make redy seuen or eyght 
 galees, and to man them forthe, for he wolde come by lande and fyght with the En- 
 glisshmen. They of Rochell dyd as they were commaunded, and sir Loys departed I'ro 
 his siege, and brake it vp, for he thought it shulde be more honorable for hym to fyght 
 with the erle of Arundell and the ensrjysshemen rather thaiine to cortynewe slyll his 
 siege: thus he wente to liochell, and all knyghtes and squyers folowed hym. I can nat 
 tell by what inspyracyon the erle of Arundell had knowledge howe the marsliall of 
 Fraunce, with a greate puyssaunce of knyghtes and squyers, was comynge to fyght with 
 hym at Palyce, whiche tydynges were nat very pleasaunte to tlie erle of Arundell; 
 howebeit, the wynde was somewhat layde, and the see aueyied : than the erle wayed vp 
 ancres and sayled into the see in suche good season, that if he had taryed lor,^2 after, he 
 had been enclosed in the hauen and euery man taken: for incontynetit thyder came the 
 galees of Rochell, well manned and furnysshed with artyllery and gonne-, and came 
 streyght to the hauen of the Palyce," and foude the englisshemen departed; they pur- 
 sued 
 
 " La Palice. " This chapter ought to be numbered CXLVI. "■ Gueldres. "^ Peiigord, 
 
 ' Germany. 
 
THE CFIONYCLE OF FRQISSART. 413 
 
 sued after a two leajres in the see and shotte goiines; h()U'eI)eit, tliey durst nat longe 
 lolowe for f'eare ofenlmsshmentes on the see. Than the IVenche shippes returned, and 
 the marsh ill of Fiaunce was sore dyspleased with theyni olRochell tliat they sente hym 
 vvorde so i^.c;. The erle of Arundel I toke the waye by the ryuer ol Garon to come to 
 Burdeaux, and therby y siege before Bowteuyll was defeated, lor Gillonet of saynt Foy 
 prouyded his garyson of thai he neded, in the meaue tynie y the niarsliall went to fyght 
 with the englysshemen. 
 
 Nowe let vs retourne somwhat to speke of the duke of Lancastre, howe he was in 
 treatie with the spanyardes, and also with the duke of Berrey for the niaiyage of his 
 doughter. The kynge of Castyle treated wiih hyni for his sonne the prince uf Castyle, 
 to the entent to haue a peace with the euglisshemen ; also the duke of Berrey treated to 
 haue the duke of Lancasters doughter for hymselfe, for he had great desyre to be ma- 
 ryed ; and the duke of Lancaster, lyke a sage imaiiynatyfe prince, sawe well howe it 
 was more profitable for Englande and for hym, to mary his dougliter into Castyle rather 
 than to the duke of Berrey: for therby he thought to recouer the heryiage of Castyle in 
 tyme to come for his doughter; and if he shulde gyue her to the duke of Berrey, and the 
 duke fortune to dye, his doughter than shulJe be but a poore lady to the regarde of 
 other, bycause the duke of Berrey had chyldren by his fyrst vvyfe, who shulde haue all 
 the profyte ; also the duchesse of Lancastre enclyned to the kynge of Castyles sonne : 
 so that whan sir Helyon of Lignac was departed fro the duke of Lancastre, and re- 
 tourned to the duke of Berrey, beynge as than in Almayne,'' than the king of Castyls 
 messagers were well herde, in suche wyse that their wordes were noted and their offers 
 accepted, and the coueuaunte made and sworne bytwene Kateryn of Lancastre and the 
 kynge of Casiylles sonne, and writynges and publike instrumentes and oljly^atnry bondes 
 made and concluded, without reple or reptntaunce ; so y the duches of Lacastre, after 
 euery thyng set in ordre, shulde bring her daughter Kateryn into Castyle. 
 
 All this season the frenche kynge was styll in the fronters of Julyers, concludynge 
 with the duke of Queries" (as ye haue herde before), and howe they depaited: and as 
 the frencheiiicn retourned, it fonuned on the fronteres of Almayne," on a nyglit aboute 
 mydnyght, as the mone shone layrc, cerlayne aimayns, robbers and pyllers, that dyd 
 sette nother by peace nor warre, bui alwayrs sought lor their aduauutage, some pertayn- 
 ynge to the lorde of Blaquei.enien and to sir Peter of Cronebech, they were well horsed, 
 and came and aduysed the fiench boost, and where they might haue most profyte and 
 aduauntage, and so passed by the lodgyng of the vycount oi Meaulx, and sawe no 
 styrringe," and returned without any noyse makynge, outher passynge or retournynge, 
 and came agayne to their enbusshe. and shewed them what they had sene and founde ; 
 and incontynente these almayus came and entred at their aduauntnge into the frencli- 
 mens lodgynges, and ouenhrewe I can nat tell howe many, and toke xiiii. menne of 
 armes prisoners: there was taken the lorde of Viesuile and the lorde of Mountkarell: 
 this aduenture the frenchenien liadde the same nyght, by reason they made but easy 
 watche and were but yuell ordred. The next day whan these tydinges were knowen 
 howe the lorde of Viesuille and the lorde of Mountkarell were taken, the frenchemen 
 were sore displeased, and toke better hede after. Whan the frenche kynge departed 
 fro the countrey of Julyers none tarycd behynde ; euery man drewe to their garysons ; 
 sir Guylliam of Tremoyle," and sii Geruays Fuerande,"^ and all other ; and the brabansoys 
 by the waye, euery man wente home : and in ihe retournynge of the frenchemen, it was 
 ordeyned by great delyberacion of cousayle, that the frenche kynge (who had ben vnder 
 the gouernynge of his vncles euer syth the dethe of the laste kynge his father) shulde 
 
 than 
 
 ' Germany. *■ Gueldres. ' La Tremouille. '' Meraiide, 
 
414 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 than take on himselfe the goueinynge and charge of his hole realme, and his vncles to 
 cease of the gouernynge, for they had ynoiigh to do in oiher busynesses. The kynge 
 as thanne was paste twenty yere of age. Tliis was openly puhlysshed, and euery man 
 thought it was resonable. The kynge came to Rennes" at tlie feest of all sayntes, and 
 there helde a great feest, and his vncles with liym ; and there lliey had fyrst knowledge 
 that the kynge of Castyle and the duke of Lacas(re were cocluded vpon a peace and 
 vpon a maryage to be had bytwene the kinges sonne and the dukes doughter. Than 
 the frenche kyng sported with the duke of Berrey, and sayde, Fayre vncle, ye haue 
 fayled of your entent ; another is lyke to enioy the wyfe that ye Avolde haue had : howe 
 say you therto? what sayetli your corage ? The duke of Jierrey sayde, Syr, I saye 
 nothynge but well: if I haue fayled there, I shall spede in some other place. Than 
 the frenchemen beganne to inurniure vpon this maryage, and said, this can nat be done 
 without great alyauces, whiche shal be a thynge greatly preiudycyall in tyme to come 
 to the realme of France : and suche as considred the botom of the mater said howe that 
 if Castyle, Englande, and Portugale be all of one alyaunce and accorde, these thre 
 realmes, what by see and by lancJe, they maye make warre to the realme of Fraunce ; 
 wherfore they sayde, it were good that the kynge shulde sende and prouyde remedy by 
 tymes, consydringe that this vnhappy kyng of Castyle hath made alyaiace in maner with 
 a deed man, for the duke of lancastre is as a man without men and puyssaunce; nor 
 also they sayde, howe the kyng of Castyll ought nat to make any aliauce with any man 
 without the counsayle of the Frenche kynge": if he do, the kynge maye sende hym 
 worde that he wyll make hym as lowe a varlette as he hath made hym a great lorde. 
 Lette the kynge make warre agaynste the realme of Castyle, and putte out the vnhappy 
 kyng, Sonne to a bastarde, and lette the kyng gyue the realme to his owne brother, 
 the duke of Thourayne, who as yet hath no great herytage ; he shall well and sagely 
 gouerne it. Howe can or dare this kynge of Castyle make or treate for any peace or 
 alyaunce with the duke of Lancastre without the knowledge or cosent of the Frenche 
 kynge, who hath so moche ayded, honoured, and auaunsed hym ? He had loste his 
 realme, if the puissaunce and blode royall of Fraunce had nat ben : he hath well mar- 
 chaundysed, and yet he wyll marchaundyse ; but if it be (as it is sayd), lette hym be 
 shamed and disheryted, and lette hym haue suche punysshment that he may well knowe 
 that he hath yuell done. 
 
 These wordes raultiplyed in suche wyse, that all thynges consydered, the kynge and 
 his vncles and his counsayle determyned to sende into Castyle to kynge Johan, and to 
 shewe hym on the Frenche kynges behalfe that he be well aduysed, and take hede what 
 he dothe, and that he be nat so hardy to make any treatie or alyaunce with the En- 
 glysshemen, nor with the duke of Lancastre, in any thyng y shulde be preiudyciall to 
 the Crowne or realme of Fraunce; and if he haue done, or do, or thynkeih to do, lette 
 hym be sure that the puyssaunce of Fraunce shall, as moche or more ^ette hym abacke 
 and hynder hym as it hath auaunsed hym before, and that the Kynge and the realme 
 shall entende to do nothynge elles but to distroye hym. Than it was consydred who 
 shulde do this message ; and it was thought, that whosoeuer shuide do it ought to be a 
 hardy man and well spoken, and sagely and valiauntly to declare the kynges pleasure. 
 It was thought that a meane and a symple persone ought nat to do that message. Than 
 there were thre persones named, the lorde of Coney, sir Johan of Vyen, admyrall of 
 Fraunce, and sir Guye de la Tremoyle ;*" of these thre to take one to go into Castyle on 
 this voyage: and all thynges consydred, sir Johan of Vyenne was apoynted to go. 
 Than the kynge and his counsayle sayd vnto hym, Admyrall, make you redy ; ye shall 
 go on this voyage, and ye shall haue none other letters to the kyng of Castyle but of 
 
 credence ; 
 
 ' Rheims. '' Tremouille. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 415 
 
 credence; ye are suffycietly enstructed of the mater whervpon ye be scnte ; and saye 
 vnto the kynge of Spaygne, that he aduyse well and cause to be aduysed, and to rede 
 and cause to be reed the alyaunces, ordynaunces, and promyses sworne and sealed by- 
 twene hym and vs ; and marke well youre aunswere that ye shall haue of hym and 
 of his counsayle, and thervpon we shall take our grounde to procede farther. The 
 adtnyrall aunswered and sayd, it shgll be done. 
 
 Howe the Admyrall of Fraunce was ordayned by the Frenche kyng and his counsayle 
 as ambassadour to go to the kynge of Caslyle ; and howe the Duke of Betrey senle 
 to the erle of Foize to treale for a maryage bytwene the duke of Berrey and the 
 erles doughter of Boulogne. 
 
 CAP. CLI.^ 
 
 THE admyrall of Frauce taryed nat long at Paris, but made hym qnickely redye to 
 departe, and tooke his leaue of the kyng and of his vncles, and tooke his waye by Bur- 
 goyne, bycause he wolde go by Auygnone to se the pope and his brother, and so he 
 dyde. 
 
 Nowe lette vs leaue spekyng of hym, and speke somwhat of Geffray Tetenoyre, who 
 was enclosed and besieged within the castell of Vandachore ;'' but fyrste we wyll speke 
 of the duke of Berrey, who had great desyre to mary, as he well shewed within that 
 yere. Whan he sawe that he had fayled of the duke of Lancasteis doughter, he was 
 enfourmed that the erle of Boulogne had a fayre doughter, named Jane, doughter to the 
 lady Elyanour of Comynges ; howebeit, she was nat with her father nor with her moder; 
 she was in the countrey of Bierne with the Erie of Foiz, her great frende and cosyn ; 
 she hadde ben there brought vp and nourysshed and well entreated the space of nyne 
 yeres in the Castell of Ortayes, without cost or charge to father or mother : the erle 
 often tymes hadde been desyred to haue had her maryed, but alwayes the erle aunswered 
 that the damosell was to yonge ; specially sir Bernarde, brother to the erle of Army- 
 nacke, hadde desyred to haue her, and promysed that if he myght haue her in maryage, 
 the warre shulde ende bytwene them for the chalenge of the lande of Byerne ; but for 
 all those promyses the erle wolde nat agree therto, but aunswered euer howe that his 
 cosyn was to yonge ; but amonge his owne men he wolde saye otherwyse : for as sir Es- 
 paygne du Lyon shewed me, he wolde saye howe they of Armynacke myght well repute 
 hym for a beest if he shulde graunt their desyre, seynge it was to his domage : for it he 
 shidde graunt theym his cosyn in maryage, he shulde strength them and enleble hym- 
 selfe ; sayeng, howe they of Armynake helde by force and nat of right the countie of 
 Comynges, the whiche herytage is by his mother and aunte to my cosyn of Boloyne. 
 I wyll vvell they knowe I shall mary her in so stronge a place and puissaunt to make 
 warre with them for the herytage of Comynges, for as nowe there is none to answere but 
 a deed man. 
 
 Thus whan the erle of Armynacke and sir Bernarde his brother sawe that they coulde 
 nat come to their purpose as long as her aunte lyued, than they sayde to the duke of 
 Berrey that this lady shulde be a fayre maryage for John of Berrey his sonne: and by 
 their settynge on, the duke sente sufiycient and noble messangers into Byerne to the erle 
 of Foiz, desyringe hym that all yuell wyll might be sette aparte and euery thynge par- 
 doned of tymes paste, and that he myght haue the damosell of Boulogne for Johan his 
 
 sonne 
 
 ' This chapter ought to be numbered CXLVII. ^ Ventadour. 
 
416 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 Sonne in nraiyage: so that tlie eileof BonIoo;ne, father to the damosell, dyde therto 
 agree and assent. Therle ol Foiz made ;j,()od chere to these abassadors, but he excused 
 hym for that maryage, and sayd howe the lady his cosyn was to yonge ; and also he 
 sayde, howe iliat uhan tlie coinilesse of Boulogne lier mother delyuered her into his 
 charge, she call^ed hvm to swere that he slvnhle neuer mary her in no place without her 
 knowledge and consent; and in no wyse lie saycle he myght, nor wolde nat, breake his 
 promyse noi oilic. and he sayd none ought to desyre liym thervnto. This excuse the Erie 
 made, for he kneue well that his cosyn of Couivnges, who was wi'h the erle of Vmell 
 her brother in the realine of Array^on, wolde nat a ;:i,ree thervnto. Thus the ainb tssadors 
 of the duke of Btrrey retourned without any thyui doyng to their purpo^ and wiian 
 they were gone (as sir Espa\ g.-ie dn L)OU shewLd me), the erle sayd, ah. the duke of 
 Berrey and his cousayle niy<j,hi well repute me for ^n ignorant, whan he ' olde liaue me 
 to enforce myne ennemyes. .Jt)haii of Berrey is cosyn germayn to myni. aduersaries of 
 Armynake: tiiat bargayne shall 1 inner make; 1 shall rather mary her i ':o Englande: 
 it hath been spoken of to sir Ihiny nl Lancaslie. erle of Derby, sonne the duke of 
 Lancastre. If I thought nat grenily lu dispease the Frenche kynge, there shuide none 
 other haue her but he ; and as vet I kncjwc nai what I iv -il do, for I shall rather marv 
 her at my pleasure than they of Annyn.ike shuide h.uie her agaynste my wyli. In me 
 it lyeth to do or to leaue ; 1 iiede nai to trouble mvsLJfe in the mater. 
 
 Whan the duke of Berrey knewe the certetie (hat the (hike of Lacastre shuide mary 
 his doughter toy king ol C-aslyls soiie, and that he coude nat breke that maryage in no 
 wyse, he was a v. or sixe dayes so pensyue, that noi.e about hym durst d^maude what 
 he ayled : at last he declared his entent to the of his counsayle. Than they said to 
 hym, sir, if ye hane layled of (he duke of Lancasiers dougiiter, ye maye recouer another, 
 as great and as good (as she i ) ; ho web-it. she is very youge for your age ; whei fore we 
 can nat tell if the erle of Foiz wyll refuse it for that cause, who hath the lady in his go- 
 uernaunce. Ah, qu:)d the duke, that is liie Joughier of the Ei (e of Boulogne: the erle 
 of Foiz hath refused Johan of Berrey ; liowebeit, in the name of god let vs yet assaye. 
 Than the duke wrote to the Erie of Foiz. signilyeng l.ym ryght .swetely ih >t he wolde 
 sende to hym four lo'rdes, as therle of Xancere, the iorde de la Ryner, sir Guy de la 
 Tiemoyle,' and the Vycount Dissey, to treate with liym to hauc for hymselfe in maiy- 
 age the douililer ol Boulogne, beyng vnder his kt pyng, so it maye be to his pleasure: 
 and desyred the erle to sende hym an answere -n writvng he hole of his mynde, to 
 thentent that his messangers shuide nat Iraueyle in vayne, nor lese there payne. The 
 erle of Foiz receyued the messagei> taat brought the wri'ynge Jyg'it amyably. and wrote 
 agayne by them to the duke of Berrey, sayeng, howe he was riglit gladde of those 
 tidynges, and wolde be redy to receyue the sayd lordes, outher in Foiz or in Byerne, so 
 that the Erie of Boulogne and the coijtesse, father and mothei' to the lady, be agreed 
 thervnto : and at their retourne; whan the duke oi' Bercy lierde his answere, he was right 
 ioyfull ; and all that wynter styll he pursued, what here and there, that he myght 
 attayne to this maryage the nexte somer after: he coude nat bring his purpose aboute 
 shortely, for he knewe well the erle of Foiz was no man lightly to be woniie, for he was 
 sure he shuide haue many delays ; wherfore the duke thought to worke wysely, and sent 
 specyall messangers to pope Clement, who was cosyn and nere akyn to the damosell of 
 Bouloge. The pope was right ioyouse wha he knewe y his cosyn might so highly be 
 maryed as to the duke of Berrey, vncle to the Freche kyng. Than the pope wrote to 
 therle of Foiz, signilyeng hym right honorably, and adnysinge hym that he shuide nat 
 vary fro y treatie of that maryage, for iherby their lynage shuide be enhaunsed. Thus 
 the ^le of Foiz receyued letters fro all parties, and he answered them all, for right well 
 
 he 
 
 ' Tremouille. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 417 
 
 he coude dissimule in suche busynesse : he helde all the parlies in good loue and fauour, 
 boihi the pope and y duke of Berrey ; yet there was nat the wysest of the bothe 
 nor of their counsayls y coude knowe perfitely what the erle of Foiz thought surely 
 
 to do. l_ • r 
 
 Nowe lette vs somwhat leaue speakyng of this muter, and retourne to the siege ot 
 Vanchadore/ 
 
 Ye haue herde here before in this hystorie how sirWyllyam Lignac and sir John 
 Boemlaunce,"' and dyuers other knightes and squiers of Auuergne and Limosyn, had 
 besiesred y castell of Vachadore/ and Geffray Tete noyre within; but they coude nat 
 wynft by no maner of assaut, for they within were prouyded of all thynges necessary 
 for vii. yere, though they had no refresshyng. They without ofte tymes wolde come 
 out of their bastydes and scrimysshe: durynge the siege many feates of armes were 
 done, and dyuers hurt on boihe partes ; and so it fortuned at a scrimysshe Geffray Tete 
 noyre was there hymselfe, and auaused so forwarde, that he was striken through^ the 
 bassenet into the heed with a quarell, so that he was fayne to kepe his bedde, wherw all 
 his company was sore displeased ; and the season that he lay there was no scrimysshig: 
 of this hurt, if he had ben well kept, he might sone haue ben hole; but he kept hym- 
 selfe but yuell, and specially fro lechery, the whiche he derely bought, for it cost hym 
 hiislyfe : but or he died, he knewe well before there was no remedy but dethe, for it was 
 p aynly shewed hym by reason of his yuell rule: he was in ieopardy of dethe, for his 
 hed apostumed ; wherfore he was counsayled to declare his wyll, and to make hym redy 
 to god ward ; tha he made his testament ; first he caused to come before hym all the 
 soueraygne companyons of the garyson, suche as were best expert in armes ; than he 
 sate vp in his bedde and sayd, sirs, and derely beloued companyons, 1 knowe well I am 
 in great daunger of dethe ; we haue a long season ben toguyder, and kepte good com- 
 pany : I haue ben your maister and true capitayne to my power ; wherfore I wolde 
 
 lyfe dayes se that ye hadde another capitayne, that trewly shulde acquyte 
 hym to you all, and to kepe this fortresse': for I shall leaue it well prouyded of euery 
 
 gladly in my 
 
 thynge necessary parteyning to a castell of warre, bothe of wyne, vitaylles, and artyllary, 
 and other thynges requysyte ; wherfore I demaunde of you all in g,enerall, if ye be ad- 
 uysed of any capitayne or capitayns metely to be chosen to gouerne you and this castell, 
 as men of warre aduenturers ought to do, for suche hath ben alwayes the warre that I 
 haue vsed. I haue made warre moche vnder the sliadowe of the kyng of Englandes 
 quarell ; I haue alwayes be desyrous to be there, as somwhat was to be gotten, and so 
 alwayes companyons adueturers ought to do, suche as desyre feates of armes to aduen- 
 ture themselfe. Here in these fronters is a good countrey and frutefuU, and great pro- 
 fyte to be goton therin: thoughe the Fienchemen nowe besiege vs, it wyll nat endure 
 alwayes ; the siege and their bastydes wyll breke one day. Sirs, answere me to my de- 
 maunde : Haue ye chosen any capitayne amonge you? The companyons stode styll 
 and gaue none aunswere. And whan he sawe that they spake nat, he beganne to speke 
 agayne with swete wordes, and sayd: Sirs, I thynke surely of this my demaunde ye haue 
 thought before but lytell ; wherfore, sirs, as I haue layne here in my bedde, 1 haue 
 thought and deuysed for you. Sir, quod they, we beleue it well ; and it shal be more 
 agreable to vs that it cometh of you rather than of vs ; and, sir, shewe it vs, if it please 
 you. Sirs, quod he, I shall declare it to you, and name hym that 1 meane. 
 
 • Ventadour. '' Bonne-lance. 
 
 Vol. II. 3 H How 
 
418 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 Howe Geffray Teate noyre dyde chose a capitayne ouer his company, and ho we he 
 made his teslameut. and so dyed; and howe the duke of giierles" departed fro his 
 countre to go into Pruce,^ and of the incydence that fell to him in the lande of the 
 duke of Slulpe, whete he ivas taken prisoner and discofyted. 
 
 CAP. CLII.'= 
 
 FAYRE sirs, quod Geffray, I knowe well ye haue al waves serued and honoured me, 
 as men ought to serue their soueraygne and capitayne. and I shal be y gladder if ye wyll 
 agre to haue to your capitayne one that is discended of my bloode. Beholde here 
 Aieyn Roux, my cosyn, and Peter his brother, who are men of armes and of my blode: 
 I requyre you to make Aleyneyoure capitayne, and to swere to hyni fay the, obeysaunce, 
 loue, and loyalte here in my presence, and also to his brother; howebeit, I wyll that 
 Aleyne haue the souerayne charge. Sir, quod they, we are well content, for ye haue 
 ryght well chosen. There all the companyons made theym seruyaunt to Aleyne Roux 
 and to Peter his brother. Whan all that was done, than Geffraye spake agayne and 
 sayde, Nowe, sirs, ye haue obeyed to my pleasure, I canne you great thanke; wherfore, 
 sirs, I wyil ye haue parte of that ye haue holpen to conquere : I saye vnto you, that in 
 yonder chest that ye se stande yonder, therin is to the some of xxx. thousande frankes; 
 I wyll gyue them accordynge to my conscyence. Wyll ye all be content to fulfyll my 
 testament; howe saye ye? Sir, quod they, we be right well contente to fulfyll your 
 commaundement. Thane firste, quod he, I wyll and gyue to the Chapell of saynt 
 George here in this Castell, for the reparacions therof, a thousande and fyue hundred 
 frankes: and I gyue to my louer, who hath truely serued me, two thousade and fyue 
 hundred frankes ; and also I gyue to Aleyne Roux, your newe capitayne, foure thou- 
 sande frankes; also to the varlettes of my chambre I gyue fyue hudred frankes; to 
 myne offycers 1 gyue a thousande and fyue hundred frankes ; the rest I gyue and be- 
 quetli as I shall shewe you. Ye be vpon a thyrtie companyons all of one sorte ; ye 
 ought to be bretherne, and all of one alyaunce, withoute debate, ryotte, or stryfe amonge 
 you. All this that I haue shewed you ye shall fynde in yonder Cheste: I wyll that ye 
 departe all the resydue equally and truely bitwene you thyrtie ; and if ye be nat thus 
 contente, but that the deuyll wyll set debate bytwene you, than beholde yonder is a 
 stronge axe; breke vp the coffer and gette it who can. To those wordes euery man an- 
 swered and said. Sir and dere maister, we are, and shal be all of one accorde : Sir, we 
 haue so moclie loued and donted you, y we wyll breke no cofer, nor breke no poynt of 
 that ye haue ordayned and commaunded. 
 
 Thus Geffray Teate Noyre made his testament and lyued nat past two dayes after, and 
 was buried in y chapell of saint George within the castell. His wyll was accom- 
 plysshed, and the xxx. thousande frankes deuyded as he had ordayned ; and Aleyne 
 Roux and Peter Roux his brother were capytayns of the castell of Vachadore.** All this 
 season y siege styll endured, but there were but fewe scrimysshes made ; howbeit, whan 
 the delhe of Geffray Teate noyre was knowen in Auuergne and Lyniosyn, the knyghtes 
 and squyers there were ryght ioyfuli therof, and douted lesse than they dyde before ; 
 for this Geffray in his tyme was sore douted, for he was a good :ind a sage capitayne, 
 and expert in all warre. 
 
 Nowe 
 
 * Gueldres. * Prussia. ' TTiis chapter ought to be numbered CXLVIII. 
 
 ° Ventadour. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 41^ 
 
 Nowe lette vs retouine to the duke of Guerles," and shewe what fell to hytn in this 
 season, bycause I haue spoken of hym before, for by his nieanes the Frenche kyng, his 
 vncles, and his brother, and other nobles of Fraunce, came to the entre of the countrey 
 of Guerles ;' and the kyng departed thens and the duke, hauyng no great domage : and 
 whan the duke of Guerles" sawe that all the mc of warre were departed, and that he was 
 apeased with the duches of Brabant and with all his enemyes, by reason of the compo- 
 sicion that was made, as to rendre vp the towne of Graue vpon certayne poyntes and 
 artycles, ordayned bytwene y duke of Burgone, the duches of Brabant, and the duke of 
 Guerles :' than he thought (to thentent to employ his season) to go into Pruce.'' He 
 made hym redy, and gate hym company of knyghtes and squyers of his owne countrey 
 and other places ; and about the vtas of saynt Martyn he rode forthc tinoughe Al- 
 maygne :" and in euery place where as he passed he had good chere ; and so longe he 
 rode that he came to the lande of Pruce \^ I knowe nat by what insydence certayne 
 men layde in wayte on hym, and in the feldes set on him or he was ware, and ouerthrewe 
 hym and all his men, so that they lost all their horses, armure, vessell, golde and syluer, 
 and were all ledde prisoners to a towne, and there sware faythe and trouthe to paye their 
 raunsomes ; and specially y duke of Guerles" became prisoner, and made promyse to 
 pay his rausome to a squyer called Arnolde ; his surname I knowe nat. Than y duke 
 and his men were ledde to a stronge towne in the lande of the duke of Stulpe ; whether y 
 duke was there or nat I was nat enformed therof ; but whan the great maysters of Pruce'' 
 herde howe the duke of Guerles" was taken as he was commyng into their countre, they 
 were sore displeased therwith, and sayd: howe the mater shulde nat rest in that case, for 
 they to suffre it shulde be greatly to their blame. Thane they reysed vp men and de- 
 parted fro Conysbredge,'' and came with a great strength of men towardes the towne 
 and castell where as the duke of Guerles' was in prison. Whan the squyer that had 
 taken the duke was enfourmed of the comyng of the great mayster of Pruce,'' with suclie 
 a puyssaunce, he doughted greatly, and determyned nat to abyde their comyng to the 
 castell, but thought todeparte; but or his departure became to the duke of Guerles,''and 
 sayd to hym, Sir duke, ye are my prisoner and I am your mayster ; ye are a getylman 
 and a true knight; ye haue sworne and gyuen me your faithe: wheresoeuer I go, and wyll 
 go, ye ought to folowe me : I can nat tell if ye haue sente for the great mayster of Pruce*" 
 or nat ; he cometh hyder with a great puyssauce ; I thynke nat to abyde hym ; tary you 
 here if ye lyst ; I wyll cary with me your faythe and promyse. The duke to those 
 wordes gaue none answere ; and the squyer toke his horse and departed, and wente to a 
 place stronge ynoughe ; and at his departyng he sayde agayne to the duke, Sir, ye shall 
 fynde me in suche a place : he named hym a stronge castell, and oute of all hyghe wayes: 
 and whan he was gone, the great mayster of Pruce'' came to the duke of Guerles' where 
 as he was, for there was none to lelte hym, and so delyuered the duke out of prison ; 
 and if he hadde founde the squyer there, surely he had been slayne. Than the great 
 mayster of Pruce'' retourned to Connysbredge," and the duke of Guerles' with hym. 
 
 I shall shewe you what fell of this busynesse. True it was, great brute ran in dyuers 
 countreis, and specially in Almaygne,"" of the takyng of the duke of Guerles ;" euery 
 man that herde it hadde great marueile therof. Thus whan the duke of Guerles' was 
 come to Connisbredge,'' and was delyuered, as he haue herde, than he remenibred hym- 
 selfe howe he was hounde by his faythe to the squyer that tooke hym, and remembred 
 the woides that the squier spake at his departyng: than he thought in hymselfe that in 
 no wyse he wolde breke his promyse, but truely acquyte his faythe, and sayd to the 
 great maister of Pruce,'' that he wolde no lengar tary there, but go to the squyer that 
 had his faythe : and so determyned to do for any thynge that tbe great mayster coulde 
 
 3 H 2 saye 
 
 ° Gueldres. '' Prussia. ' Germany. " Koningsburg. 
 
420 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 saye or do : nouther dispensacyon, absolucyon, nor other thyng coude nat cause the 
 duke to absteyne, but that he wolde nedes go to y town where as the squyer was, whoe 
 he called his maister : euery man that herde therof reputed it for a great valyauntnesse. 
 Whan this came to knowledge of his frendes and kynsmen, than they treated for his 
 delyueraunce ; and so he was delyuered by the heipe and meanes of the duke of Stuipe, 
 who tolce great payne in the mater; howebeit, tlie duke of Stuipe, or he cosented that 
 the duke of guerles^ shulde be delyuered out of daunger and out of his lande, wolde in 
 any wyse that the duke of giierles^ shulde swere and seale, th.it he and his heyies neuer 
 after that daye, nor none other man for hym, shulde take any vegeaunce for that mater, 
 by waye of dissymulacion or otherwyse. Thus he was fayne to do or he departed. 
 This aduenture had the duke of Guerles' that yere. 
 
 Nowe let vs retourne to sir Johan of Vyen, admyi All of Fraunce, and shewe what he 
 dyde, and what he sayd to the kyng of Castyie on the Freche kynges behalfe. 
 
 Howe sir Johan of Vyen dyd his message to kynge Johan of Castyie fro the Frenche 
 kynge and his counsayle, and what answere the kynge of Castyie made. 
 
 CAP. CLIII." 
 
 THE admyrall of Frauce spedde so in his iourneys that he entred into castyie, and 
 demaunded where to fynde the Kynge. It was shewed hym howe he was at Burgus, 
 He rode thyder, and alyghted at his lodgynge and refresshed hym, and than made hym 
 redy to go to the kynges palays ; and he was receyued after the maner of the countrey 
 right honorably, for the loue and honoure of the Frenche kyng ; and he was brought 
 into the kynges chambre, and there the kyng receyued hym ioyfully. Than he dely- 
 uered the kynge his letters. The kyng reed them, and called his coiisayle aparte ; and 
 whan they parceyued by his letters that he had credence, than the admyrall was called 
 foi the, and was tomaunded to declare the entent of his comynge ; and he, who was redy, 
 sayd in fayre language. Sir kyng, and all ye of his cousayle : the frenche kyng hath sente 
 me to you, bycause it is come to his knowledge howe ye shall marry your sonne to the 
 duke of Lancasters doughter; and, sir, ye knowe well that he is y kyng my maysters 
 aduersary. The kyng and his cousayle haue great marueyle iiowe ye may here or en- 
 tende to any treatie in all the worlde for any maryage without their knowledge ; for they 
 saye, and true it is, that maryage of chyldren can nat be withoute alyaunce and amyte 
 of peace and loue. Sir, he sendeth you vvorde by me, that ye be well aduysed what ye 
 haue done or are mynded to do, and y in no wyse it be preiudiclall to the kyng nor toy 
 realme of Fraunce, nor therby to breke the boundes and alyaunces that hath ben svvorne 
 and sealed bytwene kyng Henry your father, y prelates and noble cyties of this your 
 realme, and the noble kyng and realme of Fraunce : regarde well that they in no wise 
 be broken, for if they be, and ones openly knowen, ye ryn in the churches sentence, and 
 to be excommunycate on payne vnpardonable ; and also to be in the indygnacion of the 
 kynge and of all the nobles of Fraunce, and besyde that, to haue them your great 
 enemyes. Sir, this is the comaundement of the kyng and his counsayle that I haue to 
 shewe to you. 
 
 Whan y kyng of Castyie and parte of his cousayle, suche as were there, had herde 
 the Irech kynges ambassadour speke so quickely they were abasshed, and eche of them 
 Joked on other; there was none that gaue any answere, but satte styll ; at the lasie a 
 
 bysshoppe 
 
 * Gueldres. '' This chapter ought to be numbered CXLIX., 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 421 
 
 feysshoppe spake, and sayde, Sir Johan, ye are newly come into these partes, and the 
 kyngand all we saye howe ye be right hertely welcome: the kyng hath well herde and 
 vndfrslSde what ye haue sayd ; ye shall haue shortely an aunswere, within a day or two, 
 suche as -hall coleiite you. That is suffycient, quod sir Johan of Vyen, and so tooke 
 his leaue of tiie kynge and of his counsayle, and wente to his lodgynge; and it was 
 shewed me howe he taryed there more than seuen dayes, without hauynge of any an- 
 swere ; he sawe uothynge but dyssyiniilacion, wherwith he was sore dyspleased, for all 
 that lyme he coulde nat se the kyng, for he kept hym close in his chanibre: and whan 
 syr Johan of Vien sawe that he coulde haue none other exployte in his busynes, he 
 spake on a daye to some of the kynges counsayle, and sayd : Syrs, surely I wyll departe 
 without aunswere. They douted leste he vvolde do as he sayd ; and surely so he had 
 done, and they had nat called hym on a day, and made him his aunswere as they dyd. 
 Than it was sayd to hym howe he might well shewe the frenche kynge, and suche as 
 had sent hym thyder, that they shulde haue the kinge of Castyle nor his counsayle in 
 no maner of suspecte, for they had nat done nor wolde nat do any thynge with the 
 kynge of Englande that shulde breke or adnychilate in any maner of wayes the aly- 
 aunces that hath been sworne and sealed bytwene Fraunce and Castyle; howebeit, 
 thoughe the kynge of Castyle mary his sonne to the doughter of the duke of Lacastre, 
 therby to make a fynall peace, for the chalenge that the duke maketh to the realme of 
 Castyle by ryght of his wyfe. and generally all the realme counsayleth the kynge ther- 
 to; and though he assent and wyll do it, yet the frenche kyng nor his counsayle ought 
 nat to be dyspleased therewith, for alwayes the kyng of Castyle and his men wyll be 
 conioyned and alyed with the french kynge and with the realme of Fraunce. This was 
 the substaunce of the aunswere that sir Johan of Vien brought into Frauce fro the king 
 of Castyle, who proceded forthe with the duke of Lancastre in his maryage, and made 
 an amyable peace togyther, by meanes of messengers that wente bytwene them ; for the 
 duke laye in the marchesse of Burdeaulx, and came thyder fro Bayon, and the duches 
 and her doughter, where as they were receyued with great ioye, for they were greatly 
 desyred there, and fro Burdeaux they wente to Lyborne. 
 
 Whan trewe and certayne tydynges was come into the erle of Foiz house howe the 
 Kynge of Castyle was agreed with tlie duke ol" Lancastre, and shulde mary his sonne 
 with the dukes doughter, and to gyue great landes in Castyle, and grcate nombre of 
 floieyns, about a two hundred thousande nobles, wherof the erle had great marueyle. 
 This 1 knowe well, for I syr Johan Froysart was there the same tyme. Than the erle 
 of Foiz sayd, Ah, this kynge of Castyle is vnhappy, for he hath made peace with a deed 
 man, for I knowe well the duke of Lancastre is in that case, and in suche daunger that 
 he can nat helpe hymselfe ; but the kynge of Castyle halhe mette with a sage and a valy- 
 aunte prince of the duke of Lancastre, for he hath vulyauntly borne hymselfe all the 
 warre season. 
 
 Nowe lette vs somwliat speke of the army on the see. So it was that aboute the feest 
 of Cryslmas, the erle of Arundell, wlio dad ben a longe season on the see, costynge the 
 fronters of Bretaygne, and of Rochell, Xaynton, and of Normandy, and so passed be- 
 fore Karenten ; but afore that they tooke laiide at Chirbroke," and wolde haue done there 
 some dedes of armes : and y same season there were souerayne capytayns in the towne 
 and garyson of Karentyue, the lorde of Hanibre and the lorde of Coucy,''and with them 
 a great nombre of knygiites and squyers of Nurmady. Whan the erle of Arundell 
 knewe howe the towne of Karentyne was so well prouyded and furnysshed with good 
 men of warre, than he passed forthe : for he sawe well in assaulinge therof he myght 
 
 rather 
 
 * Cherburgh. ^ Torcy, 
 
42-2 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 rather lese than wyn. Than he came to another towne therby, called Tora'^uy,'' and 
 assayled it, and toke it perforce, and pylled it, and wanne there 2,reat rychesse, and 
 toke with theym many prisoners, and than came before the good towne of Bayeux. and 
 came to the barryers, and there they made a skrymysshe and none assaute. Than the 
 englysshmen passed the watches of saynte Clemente, and dyd great doma<Te in the 
 countrey, for they taryed there a fyftene dayes, and no man encountred them : the mar- 
 shall of Blanniuille" was in Normandy, but he knewe nat of their comynge ; if he had, 
 he wolde haue prouyded for the mater. And whan the englysshemen had done their 
 enterprise, and done great domage to the countrey of Normandy, as moche as a hudred 
 thousande frankes came vnto, than they drewe backe, and passed agayne the watches, 
 and retourned to Chyrbroke,'' and dyd put all their conquest in suretye and sauegarde 
 into their shyppes ; and whan they had wynde and wether, and their shyppes charged, 
 than they entred and dysancred and toke the see, and retourned into Englande, 'and 
 aryued at Hampton. Thus the array of the erle of Arundell on the see concluded in 
 that season. 
 
 Howe syr Loi/s of Xancere xuente to se (he erle of Foize at Ortays: and howe before 
 the duke of Lancastre at Burdeaux there lyere dedes of armes done bytwene fyue 
 frenchmen and fyue englysshemen; and howe the duches of Lancastre wente with her 
 daughter into Castyle to kynge Johan. 
 
 CAP. CLIIII.^ 
 
 IN this seaso sir Loys of Xancer, marshall of Frauce, was in Languedoc, in the 
 marches of Tliolouse and Carcassone, and he knewe well of the treatye that Avas made 
 bytwene the duke of Berrey and therle of Foiz, for the maryage of the duke of Bow- 
 lognes doughter. whome the duke of Berrey wolde haue, though the damosell were 
 right yonge. Than the marshall had affection to go and se the erle of Foyz, as I was 
 enfourmed by his men at Ortays, for whan he came thyder he founde me there: he 
 came atthe sendynge of the frenche kyiiuc, and I shall shewe you why and wherfore. 
 The frenche kyng was a tha yonge, and had desyre to trauayle, and he had neuer ben as 
 than in Languedoc, whiche is a great countrey, and full of cyties, townes, and casteles, 
 and as than nygh all dystroyed and wasted : for the duke of Berry and his counsayle, 
 who had the gouernauce of that countrey, had greatly enpouerysshed and pylled the 
 countrey, by tayles and great oppressyons, the complayntes wherof came to the kynges 
 cares, by reason that he was newly entred into the domynacion of his realme ; and the 
 kynge sayde he wolde go into Languedoc to vysite that countrey, and also to go and se 
 the pope, whome he had neuer sene before : and also in that voyage he sayd he wolde se 
 the erle of Foiz, of whome he had herde so moche honour and Jarges spoke of. Thus 
 the marshall went forlhe on his waye, and departed fro the cytie of Tliolous, with a 
 fyue hundred horse, and rode so longe y he came to Tarbe in Bygore, and fro thence to 
 Morloys* in Bierne : and the erle of Foiz, who was signyfied of his comyng, was ioyfuU, 
 and comaunded all his offycers that the towne of Ortays shulde be well aparelled to re- 
 ceyue him, for he sayd the marshals comynge pleased hym ryght well. Lodgynges ior 
 his men were made redy, and the erle rode out into the feldes to mete with hym, and 
 mo than thre hundred horses, and there receyued hym with good chere : and he was at 
 Ortays a syxe dayes ; and the marshall sayd to the erle howe the frenche kynge had 
 
 great 
 
 * Torigny. ^ Blainuille. '^ Cherburgh. '' This chapter ought to be numbered CL. 
 
 ' Orth^s. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 423 
 
 areat affection to se the countrey of Langnedoc and to se hym. Than the erle aun- 
 swered and sayd, Syr, the kyna;e shall be ryght welcome, and gladde I wolde be to se 
 hym. Yea, but sir, quod the m'arshall, it is the kynges entension at his comyng playnely 
 to knowe whether ye wyll holde you frenche or englissh, for alwayes ye haue dissymuled 
 out the wane, for ye wolde neuer arme you for no desyre. A, sir, quod the erle, I 
 thanke you in that ve haue shewed me so moche ; for, syr, though I wolde neuer arme 
 me, nor take no parte, there hath been good cause why: as for the warre bytwene Eng- 
 lan'de and Frauce, I haue nothynge to do therwith ; I hoide my countrey of Bierne of 
 no man, but of god and the sworde ; what haue I to do to put myselfe in seruytude or 
 in dyspleasure of one kynge or other ? yet I knowe well myne aduersaryes of Armynake 
 haue done that in them is, to bring me in the indygnacion of bothe partyes ; for or the 
 prince of Wales wente into Spayne, by the informacyon of the erle of Armynake, the 
 prince wolde haue made me warre; he was so sore moued therto, that he had done so 
 and sir Johan Chandos had nat broken his purpose; but I thanke god, alwayes I haue 
 borne myselfe as mekely and as curteysly as 1 coulde, and shall do as longe as I lyue; 
 and whan I am deed, let the maters go as they wyll. Thus the erle of Foyze and the 
 marshall passed the tyme togyder; and at their departure the erle gaue hym a fayre 
 courser, a fayre mule, and another good horse, all thre togyther rychely sadylled and 
 aparelled; and he gaue to syr Roberte ofChallus and to syr Rycharde Dolphyn to 
 eche of them two hudred frankes, and to fyue other squyers to eche of them fifty 
 frankes. Than the marsliall toke leaue to departe to Tholous ; and I syr Johan Froy- 
 sart was there the same tyme, and wolde haue departed fro Ortays with hym, but the 
 Erie of Foyze wolde natsuffre me, and sayd I shulde nat as than departe ; so it behoued 
 me to byde his pleasure. Sir Loys departed fro Ortays and rode to Tarbe ; and the 
 lorde Dolphyn of Bygore conueyed him and sir Peter of Cabestan, one of the erle of 
 Foiz knyghtes. 
 
 Aboute the same season there was at Burdeaux a dede of armes done before the duke 
 of Lancastre, by fyue englisshmen of his owne house, and fyue frenchemenne ; some of 
 theym were of the marshall of Fraunce house : fyrst, by syr Pecton Dallagine, a gas- 
 cone englyssh, agaynst sir Mores Manniguente, frenche: seconde, bytwene sir Aragon 
 Raymon, englysshe, agaynst the ba^tarde of Cbauigny, Frenche: the thyrde, bytwene 
 Loys Malapus, capytayne of Agremortes, frenche, agaynst Jaquemyn Come de Cerfe, 
 englysshe: fourthe, bytwene Archambalte de Villyers, frenche, and the sonne of the 
 lorde of Chaumonte, gascone englysshe : the fyfte, by Willyam Foucalt, frenche, against 
 the brother of the lorde of Chaumont, englysshe. And to se these armes acomplysshed, 
 dyuers knyghtes and squiers of Bierne, oltherle of Foiz house, toke their way towarde 
 Burdeaux, and I wente with them in company. Bytwene Ortays and Burdeaux is but 
 xxiiii. myle: there we sawe the sayde armes done before saynte Andrews, in the presence 
 of the duke of Lancastre and the duches, their doughter, and other ladyes, and damo- 
 sels of the coutrey: these knightes were nat all armed at ones, but euery man by hym- 
 selfe with his felowe aparte: their armes were thre courses with a speare, thre strokes 
 with a sworde, thre wiih an axe, and thre with a dagger, and all a horsebacke ; and this 
 they dyd in thre dayes, and none of all tenne hurte; but sir Raymon slewe the bastardes 
 horse, wherwith the duke of Lancastre was sore dysplescd, and blamed greatly the 
 knight, bicause he bare his stafTe so lowe ; and the duke gaue the bastarde one of his 
 horses. Whan this was accomplysshed, euery man departed to their owne houses. 
 
 Anone after, the duchesse of Lancastre ordayned to go into Castyle, and to leade 
 with her Katheryue her doughter, who shulde haue in maryage the kynge of Casiyls 
 sonne: and the duchesse entente was, fyrste, or she wolde entre into Castyle, tdgoto 
 
 Manluell, 
 
424 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 Mantuell,' where somtyme was y batayle bytwene kynge don Peter her father, ao;aynste 
 kynge Hetny of Castyle, and of sir Bertram of Clesquyn ;'' and there she purposed to 
 make iuste enquiry where the kynge her father lay bnryed, and to dygge vp his bones, 
 and to haue them to the cytie of Cyuill, and there to bury theym agayne rychly, as it 
 appertayned to a kynge. In the begynnynge of Marche, whanne the sonne beganne to 
 mount, and the dayes to encrease, than the duches of Lancastre was redy with her 
 doughter, and so departed fro Burdeaux, and went to Bayon, and there the duke of 
 Lancastre toke leaue of her, and he retourned to Burdeaux; and the ladyes rode forthe 
 to Dape,*" and there she was well receyued, for the cyte of Dape" was vnder the obey- 
 saunce of the kynge of Englande ; there she rested two daves, and than passed throuorhe 
 the countrey of Basquence,** and passed by the passe of Rouceualx,* and entred into 
 Nauerre, and came lo Panpilona, and there founde the kyng of Nauer and the quene, 
 who receyued the duchesse honourably. The quene of Nauer was suster to the kyno-e 
 of Castyle. The duches and her doughter were a nionethe passynge throughe the realme 
 of Nauer, for they taryed with the kynge and with the quene a certayne space, and their 
 costes and charges were borne and payed for. Than they entred into Spaygne ; and 
 at the entre of the realme they founde of the kynge of Castyls seruauntes redy there to 
 receyue theym, acordynge as they were commaunded. And than the yonge prince was 
 called prince of Galyce. 
 
 Howe the duches of Lancastre departed fro the kynge of Castyle, and wente to Man- 
 tuell^ to hrynge her fathers bones to Ciuyll : and howe the frenche kynge sent am- 
 bassadours to the erle of Foize, to treate for the maryage of the duke of Berrey, 
 his vncle, ivith the doughter of the erle of Boloyne. 
 
 CAP. CLV.f 
 
 WHAN all these matters were renewed, and the maryage confyrmed, than the 
 duchesse of Lancastre lefte her doughter with the king, and with her yonge husbande 
 that shulde mary her, who was of the age of eight yeres: the duches toke leaue of y 
 kynge to go to Mantuell ;^ the kyng sent with her of the greatest men of the courte to 
 acompany her. Thus she came to Mantuell," and dyd so moche that she knewe the 
 trouth where her father was buryed ; than he was dygged vp, and his bones wasshed 
 and bawmed, and wrapped in leade, and brought to the cytie of Ciuyll, and there re- 
 ceyued with processyon without the cytie, and the bones brought into the cathedrall 
 churche, and there reuerently and soleply his obsequy was done ; and there at was 
 kinge Johan, and his yonge sonne the prince of Galyce, and the most parte of prelates 
 and barons of the realme. After the obsequy doone, euery man retourned to their 
 owne places. The kynge of Castyle wente to the vale of Sory,^ and his soiie, and 
 his yonge wyfe with hym ; and the duchesse of Lancastre to Medena de Campo, a 
 good towne, wherof she was lady, by reason of the confyrmacyon of the peace, and 
 there she lay a season. 
 
 Nowe lette vs leaue to speke of them, and of Castyle, tyll another tyme, and 
 let vs speke of the maryage of the duke of Berrey, and also of other insydentes that 
 folowed. 
 
 The 
 
 ' Monteil. '" Du Guesclin. ' Dax. t Basques. ' RoncevaUes, 
 
 ' This chapter ought to be numbered CLI. f Val di Soria, 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 425 
 
 The duke of Berrey, who had maryed the lady Jane of Armynake to his first wyfe, 
 after she was dysseased he hadde great imagynacyon to be maryed agayne, and that he 
 well shewed : for whan he sawe howe he had myssed of the duke of Lancastres doughter, 
 he than set clerkes to write, and sent messangers to therle Gaston of Foiz, who had the 
 kepyng of the erle of Boulonges doughter, more than the space of nyne yeres ; and by- 
 cause the duke of Berrey coulde nat come to this maryage, but by the daunger of the 
 erle of Foize, for nother for pope, father, mother, nor frende, that the damosell had, 
 the erle wolde do nothynge, Avithout it were his owne pleasure, than the duke of 
 Berrey desyred eflectuously the frech kynge his nephue, and the duke of Burgoyne his 
 brother, to helpe and assyst hym in this maryage. 
 
 The frenche kyng laught, and had good sporte at the duke of Berrey his vncle, by- 
 cause he was olde, and so bote in loue,"and said to him ; Fayre vncle, what shall ye do 
 with a yonge mayde, she is nat twelue yere of age, and ye be Ix.; by my faythe it is great 
 foly for you to thynke therof: speke for my cosyn Johan your sonne, he is yonge, the 
 mater is more mete for hym than for you. .Syr, quod the duke, 1 haue spoken all redy 
 for my sonne, but the erle of Foize wyll in no wyse agree therto, hycause my sonne is 
 oftheblode of them of Armynake, who be at warre togyder, and haue ben longe ; if the 
 lady be yonge, I shall spare her a thre or four yere, tyll she be a parfyte woman. 
 Well, fayre vncle, quod the kyng, I feare me she wyll nat spare you so longe : but 
 seynge ye haue so great affection therto, I shall ayde you as moche as I may. It was 
 nat longe after but that the kynge ordayned the lordede la Ryuer, and syr Bureau, his 
 souerayne chamberlayne, to go in y voyage to the erle of Foiz, and with them the erle 
 of Dassy : and the duke of B\irgoyne ordeyned to go thyder on his behalfe the bysshop 
 of Authune, and sir Gylliam of Tremoyle:* and the duke of Berrey desyred Johan erle 
 of Sanxer, a sage and a valyaunt knyght, to go with the other : these fyue lordes were 
 apoynted to go to the erle of Foize, and to desyre to haue the yonge lady in maryage lor 
 the duke of Berrey : these lordes departed, and apoynted to mete togyder at Auignon, 
 with pope Clement : about Candelmas they departed and toke the waye to Nysmes, and 
 so to Auignon ; they passed by Mountepellyer, and rode by small iourneys and great 
 exspence, and passed by Besyers, and came to Carcassone, and there they founde sir 
 Loys of Xancere, marshall of Fraunce, who receyued tUem wich good chere: and he 
 shewed theym moche of the erle of Foiz eetntc, for he had ben there within two monthes 
 before : than they departed fro Carcassone, and wente to Tholous, and there rested, 
 and than sente messangers to the erle of Foiz, to Ortays, in Byerne, and there began to 
 treate for this maryage : but it was farre of, for at the begynnynge the Erie of Foyze was 
 colde, bycause the duke of Lancastre had sente to hym to haue the same lady, tor his 
 Sonne the lorde Henry erle of Derby ; by reason of this longe taryenge and delayeng of 
 this treatye, it was said and noysed that the maryage shulde nat be, and all their aun- 
 sweres that they had fro the erle of Foize, weckely they sente worde therof to the duke 
 of Berrey, who was at Nonnecte, in Auuergne ; and the duke, who had none other de- 
 syre but to bringe the mater aboute, wrote oftentymes agayne to them with fresshe mes- 
 sangers, desyrynge them nat to cease tyll they had brought the mater ta passe : and the 
 erle of Foyze, who was sage and subtyle, sawe well the ardent desyre that the duke ot 
 Berrey had, and the hoter that he was, the colder was he : and he handeled the matter 
 so wysely, that by the full agrement of all partyes, and yet sore desyred therto, he 
 hadde thyrty thousande frankes for the charges of the ladyes expenses for suche yeres 
 as she had been with hym ; if he had more demauded, more he shulde haue had : but he 
 Vol. II. 3 I ^y^ 
 
 t Tremouille. 
 
426 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 dyd it so to liaue tlianke of the duke of Berrey, and that he shulde perceyue that he had 
 done somewhat for hym. 
 
 Whan this mater was concluded, and all partyes agreed, thanne the erle of Foiz 
 sente his cosyn the hidyto Morlans, accompanyed with fyue hundred speares, of whome 
 were capytayns syr Espaigne du Lyon, syr Raynolde Guyllam, syr Peter Cabestan, sir 
 Adam of Cacasse, sir Manalte of Nonnables," and sir Pier of Kees : and in the feldes the 
 lady was delyuered to the frenche ambassadours on the behalfe of tlie duke of Berrey: 
 there was syr Loys of Xancere with a fyue hundred speares, and other company, who 
 receyued the lady, and there tooke their leaues and departed : they of Foize retourned, 
 and the frenchemen ledde forthe the lady : the duke of Berrey had sente to her chares 
 and chareottes rycheiy garnysshed, and horse, hackeneys, and aparell for her body and 
 for her heed, as fresshe and as ryche as though it had been for the frenche quene. 
 Thus they rode forthe, and I sir Johan Froysart, auctor of this boke, rode in their 
 company : for oftentymes whan I wolde haue taken leaue of the erle of Foiz, he vvolde 
 saye to me, howe I had no nede to make so great haste, and badde me whan I wolde re- 
 tourne to go in good company ; so I retourned in this sayde company. This yonge 
 ducliesse of Berrey, (for so I wyll name her fro henceforthe.) and all her company, rode 
 so longe that they came nere to Auignon ; there she rested at a towne called Vile Neufe, 
 ^vitbout the towne of Auignon, in a house of the popes : and the nexte daye aboute 
 nyne of the clocke, all the cardynals that were there at that tyme mette with her, and 
 so passed the bridge of Rosne in gret estate, the lady rydynge on a whyte palfrey, whiche 
 the pope had sent her ; than she came to the popes palays in Auignon, and there 
 alighted and went to se the pope, who sate in cosystory in a chayre ponlyficall ; the 
 pope kyst her mouth bycause of lygnage: than the duchesse and her company wente to 
 dyuer with many cardynalles, to the house of the cardynall of Thuryn, nere to the 
 popes palyce ; this was on a wediiysdaye, and the nexte daye they all dyned in the same 
 house agayne. I may Avell saye that the comyng of this lady to Auignon cost the pope 
 the some of tenne thousande fnmkes. The fridaye she supped in the palays, and tooke 
 her leaue of the pope ; and the Saturday she departed and rode to dyner to Orange, and 
 there lay all night, for her cosyn germayrie was princesse therof : the sonday she de- 
 parted, and her caryage before, and passed to Valance, and than to Vien, and so to 
 Lyon sur le Rone, and there rested two dayes ; than fro thens to Bresle, and so entred 
 into the countie of Forestes, and passed through the countrey, and so came to la Paiesse, 
 in Burbonois, and so to Q^uissy ; than to Hanche, and so to Ryon, in Auuergne, and 
 there rested two dayes or the duke of Berrey came thyder, who came thyder on Whyt- 
 soneuyn : and on Whytsonday betymes he maryed the lady. This was a noble wed- 
 dynge, and a gret feest ; there was the erle of Boloyne, the erle of Estampes, and the 
 erle Dolphyn of Auuergne: this feest and iustes endured foure dayes. All this, 
 I sir Johan Froysart, auctor of this boke, sawe with myne eyen, for I was there 
 presente. 
 
 ' Nouailles. 
 
 Howe 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 457 
 
 Howe certayne wyse men treated for a peace to endure thre yeres hytwene Fraunce 
 and En^^laude. and all their alyes, as well on the one parte, as on the other, by 
 latide and by see. 
 
 CAP. CLVI.^ 
 
 YE haue herde here before hovve there was a treuse taken bytwene all partyes and 
 aarysons, bytwene the Ryuer of Loyr, and the ryuer of Dordone, and of Geronde, 
 vnto the feest of saynt Johan Baptyst, couted as than in the yere of grace a thousande 
 thre hundred fourscore and nyne. This treuse durynge there were some great men and 
 sage on bothe partyes, bothe of Englande and of Fraunce, that busyed themseife to 
 treale for a peace to endure thre yeres, both by water and by lande ; and the eutcnsyon 
 of them y treated in this mater was to comprise in their treatye for the frenche party, all 
 suche as were besyed with their warre: First, to haue comprysed the realme of Castyle 
 ■wholy, as well by lande as by water, and in lyke maner the realme of Scotlaude ; and 
 on the englysshe partye shulde be comprised all their alyes, and the kynge and realme 
 of Portugale, and dyuers barones of hygh Gascon. These entreatours had moche payne 
 and traiiayle or they came to their ententes, for the scotteswolde in no wyse cosent ; for 
 whanne worde therof came to kynge Roberte of Scotlande fro the frenche kynge, his 
 owne persone wolde Ivghtly haue greed iherto, for he desyred no warre : on a daye he 
 called before hym all the barones and prelates of Scotlande, suche as ought to gyue 
 counsayle in that mater, for without their knowlege the kynge wolde do nothyng: if he 
 had done, they wolde nat haue kepte it ; there openly was redde in all their presence, the 
 letters that the frenche kynge had sente thyder to the kynge, and to the realme of Scot- 
 lande : the entente wherof was, that the frenche kyng wolde haue them of Scotlande to 
 be comprised with liim, and to agre to a treuse for thre yeres, by lande and by water, 
 bytwene Englande and theym : this tydynges was harde to them, and they sayde : the 
 frenche kynge canne do nothynge but to haue treuce, whan it is tyme to make warre ; 
 ■we haue in this yere ouercome the englysshmen, and the season is ryght good, and 
 lykely that we shall ouercome them ago'yn the seconde tyme ; yea, and the thyrde also. 
 There was great debatynge of the matter bytwene them, but in no wyse they wolde con- 
 sente therto ; fynally they acorded to sende a bysshoppe, and thre knyghtes, into 
 Fraunce, to the kynge and to his counsayle, to the entent to breke the treaties, and to 
 shewe the good wyll of the scottes that they had to the warre. The bysshoppe of saynt 
 Andrews, and syr Archambalte Duglas, syr Willyam Lynsey, and syr Johan saynt 
 Clere, these departed as soone as they myght, and toke the see and arryued at Sluse, 
 and than rode to Parys : and before the kyng and his counsayle they shewed their leuers 
 of credence, sente in the name of all the barones and prelates of the realme of Scollade : 
 they were well herde, and the frenchemen perceyued well the great affection that they 
 hadde to procede, and to contynewe the warre agaynste Englande ; howebeit, the treatye 
 was so larre past and promysed that it coulde nat be reuoked agayne : than the scottes 
 •were swetely answered, howe there was no remedy but that they muste nedes procede 
 to the peace. Thus the frenchemen tooke a treuse, by meanes of suche as treated for 
 the mater; there were dyuers metynges bytwene the partyes at Balingham,'' bytwene 
 Boloyne, and Calays : so often they mette and debated the maters that a treuce was 
 taken, e,yuen, and acorded, bytwene Englande and Fraunce, (for suche as were treaters 
 
 3 I 2 of 
 
 » This chapter ought to be numbered CLII. " La Linghen.— D. S*uvage. Leulinghem.— JoAnw. 
 
4S8 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 of the mater, were prelates, gret lordes, and wyse menne, of bothe realmes.) and all 
 their adherentes and alyes, by see and by lande, to endure fermely without dissymula- 
 cyon of any shadowe of male engyn, the space of thre yeres. The entreatours of the 
 frenche partye were at Boloyne, as the bysslioppe of Bayeux, the erle Valery of saynt 
 Pole, sir Willyam of Melun, sir Nychoias Bracque, and sir Johan le Mercier : and at 
 Calays, for the Englysshe parte, was the bysshop of Durham, sir Willyam Montague 
 erle of Salisbury, sir Wyilyam Beauchampe capitayne of Calais, Johan Lanon, and 
 Nychoias of Gaberthe, and Richarde Roell clerke, doctor in lawe ; these mette to- 
 gyder in the myddes of the waye bytwene Calays and Boloyne, at a place called 
 Balyngham.* 
 
 In this tyme great brute was in Fraunce, and in other places, of a great feest and 
 iustes that the yonge kyng Charles wolde make at Parys, at the fyrst entryng of Isabell 
 ^ freche quene : agaynst whiche feest knightes, squyers, ladyes, and damoselles, ap- 
 parelled them to be at that tryumphe. Of the whiche feest I shall speke more 
 hereafter, and of the charter of the peace that was engrosed and sealed bytwene the 
 parties. 
 
 Ye shall knowe that whan I sir Johan Froyssarte, authour of this hystorle, was de- 
 parted fro Oriays fro the erle of Foiz, as ye haue herde here before, and wente in copany 
 with the loide de la Ryuer, and the lorde Guyllyam of Tremoyle,'' who brought the 
 yonge duchesse of Berrey, doughter to the erle of Boulonge, to y duke of Berrey, who 
 wedded her in the towne of Ryon, in Auuergne, as it is conieyned here before in this 
 hystorle, for at all these maters I was present, wherfore I maye well speke therof : and 
 whan I came to Parys I foude there the gentyll lorde of Coucy, a good lorde of myne, 
 who had newly maryed a yonge lady, doughter to the duke of Lorayne: whiche lorde 
 made me good chere, and demaunded of me newes of the countrey of Foiz, and Biern, 
 and of pope Clement, beyng at Auygnon, and of the maryage bytwene Berrey and 
 Boulonge, and of another great frende of myne, and good lorde and mayster, therle 
 Beranlt dolphyn of Auuergne: and to all his demaudes I answered all that I knewe, 
 so that he was content. Than he desyred me to go with hym into Cambresys, to a 
 castell that the kynge had gyuen hym, called Creuecure, a two leages fro Cabrey, and 
 nyne leages fro Valensenes. And so I rode in his copany. And as we rode by the 
 way he shewed me howe the bysshoppe of Bayeux, and the erle of saynt Pole, and other 
 were at Boloyn, sent thyder by the fieche kyng, to coclude the truce: and howe that 
 for kyng Richarde, kynge of Englade, there were at Calys, the bysshop of Durham, 
 and therle of Salisbury, w other, and howe they had been there the space more thanne 
 a moneth, abydynge for the ambassadours of Scotlande, who were as than newly come 
 thyder ; he sayde howe his cosyn the erle of saynt Pole had writen to hym therof, and 
 howe the frenche kynge had sente to the kynge of Scottes, and to his counsayle, that 
 he shulde agree to the truce : for the englysshemen wolde consente to no peace, with- 
 out the scottes were comprised in the same. Thus we rode tyll we came to Creuecure, 
 and there I was with hym thre dayes. Tha I toke leaue of hym and went to Valen- 
 cennes, and there I taryed fyftene dayes. Than I wente into Holande to se a gentyll 
 lorde and good mayster of myne, the erle of Bloyes, and founde hym at Estochoucke ;' 
 he made me good chere, and demaunded of me some tidynges, and I shewed him such 
 as I knewe; I taryed with hym a moneth there and at Gede.*^ Than I retourned into 
 Fraunce to knowe the trouthe of the coclusion that was taken bytwene Englande and 
 Fraunce, at Balyngham.^ Also I purposed to be at the feest that shulde be at Parys at 
 the entre of the Frenche queue, to knowe the trouthe of all these maters ; I retourned 
 
 throughe 
 
 ' Leulinghern, ^ Tremouille. '^ Schoenhoven. ? Gouda. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 429 
 
 throughe Brabaunt, and so came to Paiys, eyght dayes before the feest began. Than I 
 fell in company with the hirdes of Frauiice and of Scotlande, suche as had ben at the 
 makynge of (he ti uce bvtvvene Englade and Fraunce ; and I fell in acqueyntauce with 
 sir Giiyllyam of Melyn,' who shewed me all the hole mater, and howe the Erie of 
 saynt Pole was passed into Englande to se kynsiie Rycharde, and to confyrme the truce 
 that was graunted for thre yeres, and that he shulde retouine agayne to be at the said 
 gret feest. Than I demauded of the said sir Guillyum what lordes of Scotlande had been 
 at the sayd treatie ? I demaunded it, bycause in my youtlie I had ben in Scotlande, and 
 serched all the realme to the wylde scottes ;'' and while I was there I taried a space in y 
 Court of kyng Dauyd of Scotlande, and there I had acqueyntauce of the most parte of y 
 lordes and knightes of Scotl'ide; therfore 1 demauded who had been there : and this sir 
 Melyn* answered me and saide, howe there had ben the bysshop of Bredun," and sir 
 James aud sir Dauyd Lyn-ay, and sir Water of saynt Clere. I bare his sayeng awaye 
 and dyde putte in writynge all that I hadde sene and herde, and shall shewe the 
 trouthe what I sawe and knewe ol this feest, and of the fyrst entryng of quene Isabell 
 into Parys. 
 
 Of the ordynaunce of the entre of quene Isabell into the towne of Parys. 
 
 CAP. CLVII." 
 
 THE sonday the twetie daye of June, in the yere of oure lorde god a thousande thre 
 hundred fourescore and nyne, there was people in Paris and without, suche nombre, 
 that it was marueyie to beholde ; and the same sondaye in the mornyiig there was 
 asseble made in the churche of saynte Denyce, of noble ladyes of Fraunce, suche as 
 shulde accompany the quene, and of suche lordes as shulde assyst the queues lytters 
 and other ladyes : and there was of the burgesses of Parys twclue hundred an horse- 
 backe, raynged in the feldes on bothe sydes of the way, aparelled in gownes of one sute 
 of clothe of Bandkyn, grene and crymosyn. And the olde quene Jane and herdoughter, 
 duchesse of Orlyance, entred fyrste into P^rys one houre before noone, in a lytter co« 
 uered, well acorapanyed with lordes, and passed through the hyghe strete of saynte 
 Denyce, and so rode to the palays, and there taryed for the kynge ; that day these two 
 ladyes went no furtlier. Than jr frenche quene and the other ladyes set forwarde, as 
 the duchesse of Berrey, the duchesse of Burgoyne, the duches of Thourayn, the duches 
 of Bare, the countesse of Neuers, the lady of Coucy, and other ladyes and damoselles, 
 all in good ordre ; all their lytters were aparelled as richly as myght be, but y duches of 
 Thourayne had no lytter: she rode alone vpon a fayre palfrey rychly aparelled, and she 
 rode on the one syde by the quenes lytter, and it was assysted with the duke of Thou- 
 rayne, and the duke of Burbone, at the fore heed on bothe sydes ; and in the myddes, 
 on bothe sydes the lytter, were the duke of Berrey and the duke of Burgoyne: and at 
 the fete was the lorde Peter of Nauer, and therle of Ostrevaunt ; the quenes lytter was 
 richely apparelled and discouert. Than nexte folowed, on a ryche apparelled Palfrey, 
 the duchesse of Berrey, and she was assisted with the erle de la JVlarche, and with the 
 erle of Neuers, and she rydinge a softe pace bytwene them bothe. Thane folowed the 
 lytter all discouered and open of the duchesse of Burgoyne, and Margarete of Heynalte 
 her doughler, coutesse of Neuers ; that lytter was assysted with the lorde Henry of Bare, 
 
 and 
 
 ! Melun. The Highlands. ' Aberdeen. ? This chapter ought 
 
 to be numbered CLllI. 
 
'450 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 and the yon2;e erle of Naimire, called sir Giiylliam And than y lady of Orlyaunce on 
 a palfrey richely apparelled ; and l.he lorde James of Burbone, and the loide PhiU ppe 
 Dartoys assystcd llie lady of Oilyaunce. Than another lytter with the duchesse of 
 Bare, and the donohter of the lorde of Coucy. Of other ladyes and damoselles tliat 
 came after in charlottes and palfrayes, and knijihtes that folowed, there Avas no uieciun 
 made. And as for sergeauntes and oflTycers ol' amies had busynesse ynoughe to do lo 
 make way, and to breke the preace. There was suche people in the stretes, that it 
 semed that all the worlde had ben there. 
 
 At the fyrst gate of saynt Denice entryng into Parys, there was a Heuyn made full of 
 sterres, and within it yonge chyldren apparelled lyke an^elles swetely syngynge : and 
 amonge them an ymage of our lady holdyng in fygure a lytell chylde playeng by hym- 
 selfe with a lytell myll made of a great nntte; this Heuyn was hy»he and richely ap- 
 parelled with the amies of Fraunce, with a baner of the sonne, shynyng of golde castyng 
 his rayes : this was deuysed by the kynge for the feest of the iustes. The quene and 
 the other ladyes as they passed vnder in at y g^ite they had great pleasure to beholde it, 
 and so had all other that passed by. Than, whan the Q^uene and the ladyes were paste 
 by, than they came a softe pace before the loutayne in a strete of saynt Denice, whiche 
 condyte was couered ouer with a clothe of fyne asure, paynted full of Floure de lyces 
 of golde : and the pyllers were sette full of the armes of dyuers noble lordes of Fr.iunce ; 
 and out of this foiitayn there issued in great stremes Punent and clurre ;" and about this 
 foutayne there were yonge maydens richely apparelled with ryche chapeletles on their 
 heedes, synginge melodiously; great pleasure it was to here them ; and they helde in 
 their handes Cuppes and goblettes of golde, ofTryng and gyueng to drinke all suche as 
 passed by: and the quene rested there and regarded them, and had great pleasure of 
 that deuyse, and so dyde all other ladyes and damoselles that sawe it. 
 
 Than after vnder the mynster of the Trinyte, in the strete there was a stage, and ther^ 
 vpon a castell, and alonge on the stage there was ordeyned the Passe'' of kynge Salhadyn, 
 and all their dedes in personages; the Christenmen on the one parte, and the Sarazins 
 on the other parte ; and there was in personages all the lordes of name, that of olde 
 tyme hadde ben armed, and had done any feates of armes at y Passe" of Salhadyne, and 
 were armed with suche armure as they tlrdn vsed : and thanne a lytell aboue them there 
 was in personages the Frenche kynge, and the twelue peeres of Fraunce, armed with 
 the blason of their armes. And whan the Frenche quenes lytter was come before this 
 stage she rested there a season : thanne the personages on the sta2,e of kyng Rycharde 
 departed fro his company,'' and wente to the Frenche kynge, and demaunded lycence to 
 go and assayle the Sarazins ; and y kyng gaue hym leaue : than kynge Rycharde re- 
 tourned to his twelue'' companyons: thane they all sette them in order, and inconly- 
 nent wente and assayled the kynge Salhadyne and the Sarazhis ; there in sporte there 
 semed a great bataile, and it endured a good space: thi> pa»iannl was well regarded. 
 Thane the quene passed forthe and came to y secode gate of sayni Denyce : a\id there 
 was a castell ordayncd as was at the fyrste gate, and a heuyn clouded, and full of sterres 
 richely deuysed, and therin ihe fygure of God sytlynge ni :iiaiestie, the father, the 
 Sonne, and the holygoost: and within the Heuyn chyldren in fygure of angelles swetely 
 syngyng, whiche pagiaunt was greatly praysed. And as the quenes lytter passed vnder 
 the gate of Paradise, there were two an-elles came out and came downe holdynge in 
 their handes a ryche crowne of golde, garnysshed with precious stones, and they sette 
 fayre and easely the crowne on y queues heed, synging right swetely this verse: Dame, 
 
 as 
 
 * Piment and Claire. '' Or battle. ' "Than Kin<r Richard departed from his 
 
 companions on the stage," &c. '' This word is an interpolation. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 4gl 
 
 as ye be enclosed bytwene the Floure de lyces, so ye be quene of the realme of Fraunce : 
 and so drewe ngayne into paradyse.* Than they passed forthe and came before the 
 chapell of saynl James, and there was a scafToIde lichely deiiysed on the right hande as 
 the quene rode, couered ouer with ryche arras, and drawen aboute with curteyns, in 
 maner of a chambre: and within there were me playeng vpon orgas ryght swetely ; and 
 all ihe strete of saynt Denyce was couered ouer with clothes of sylke and chamlet, 
 suclie plentie, as thoughe suche clotlres shulde cost nothynge. And I sir Johan Frois- 
 sart, aulhour of this hystorie, was present and sawe ail this, and had great marueyle 
 where siiche nombre of clothes of sylke were goten ; there was as great plentie a- though 
 they had ben i Alysandre or Danias ;'* and all the houses on bothe sides of the great 
 strete of saynt Denice vnto the bridge of Parys, were hanged with clothes of Arras of 
 dyuers histories, the whiche was pleasure to beholde. Thus they passed foithe a soft 
 pace, and so came to the gate of the chatelet of Parys, and there the quene reeled to se 
 the other goodly deuyses that were there ordayned. 
 
 At the gate of the chatelet of Parys there was a castell made of woode and tymbre, as 
 strogly made as it shuld haue endured xl. yeres, the whiche castell was enbatylled ; and 
 at euery lope there was a man of armes armed at all peces; and in y same castell there 
 was a bedde made, richely encourteyned and apparelled, as it had been to haue stande 
 in the kynges cliambre, and this bedde was called y bedde of Juslyce: and in this bedde 
 there lay by figure, saynt Anne; in this castell there was a playiie, for the castell co- 
 teyned a gret "space, and this playne was full of trees, and full of hares, cones, and 
 byrdes, that flewe in and out: for whan they were abrode, they flewe thider agayne for 
 feare of y people : and out of these trees there issued a whyte Harte, and wente to the 
 bedde of Justyce ; and out of the other parte of the wode there issued out a Lyon and an 
 Egle properlye, and fresshely approched the Harte, and the bedde of Justyce ; than 
 came there out of the trees a xii. yonge maydens richely apparelled, with chapelettes 
 of golde on their heedes, holdynge naked swordes in their hades: and they wente by- 
 twene the Harte, the Lyon, andthe Egle, and there they shewed themselfe redy to de- 
 fende the Harte and the bedde of Justyce. This deuyse y quene and all other had 
 great pleasure to regarde. Than they passed forthe and came to the bridge of Parys, 
 whiche was couered and richely besene ; the couerynge of grene and crmiosyn full of 
 sterres, and the slretes hanged to our ladyes chu.che. And by that tyme that the quene 
 and the ladyes wtre paste" the bridge, and approched to the cliurche of oure Lady it 
 was late : for all the wave as they wente, they rode but a softe pace : and or the Q^aene 
 and the ladies entredin.o the churche of our Lady, they foude by they waye other playes 
 and pastymes greatly to their pleasure. 
 
 Amonge all other there was a mayster came ont of Geane ;" he had tied a corde on the 
 hyghest house on the bridge of savnt Myghell ouer all y houses, and the other ende was 
 tyed on the hyghest towre in our ladies churche ; and as y quene passed by, and was in 
 the great strete called our ladyes strete, bycause it was late, this sayde mayster with two 
 brinnynge candelles in his handes, issued out of a lytell stage that he had made on the 
 hyghtofour ladyes towre, and syngyng he went vpon the corde all alonge the great 
 strete, so that all that sawe hym hadde marueyle howe it myght be; and he bare styll 
 
 in 
 
 ' These last words, erroneously translated, form part of the verses, which in the original are : — 
 
 " Dame enclose entre fleurs de Lys, 
 Reine etes vous de Parys, 
 » De France, et de tout le Pais. 
 
 Nous eu r'allous en Paradis." 
 
 ^ Damascus. ' Geneva. 
 
432 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 in his hades y two brinnynge cadelies, so that it myght well be sene ouer all Pai ys, and 
 two myle without Parys ; he was suche a tombler that his lyghtnesse was greatlye 
 praysed. And before the churche of our lady the bysshoppe of Parys was reuested 
 with the armes of our lorde Jesu Christ, with all the coliedge, and great nobre of other 
 of the clergy ; there the Q^uene alyghted out of her lytter, and was takenne downe by 
 the four dukes, that is to saye, the duke of Berrey, the duke of Burgoyne, y duke of 
 Thourayne, and the duke of Burbone ; and all other ladyes in lykewise taken downe 
 by theym that were their assysters, bothe out of their lytters, and fro their horses, and 
 in good order ; so they entred into the churche, the bysshoppe and the clergy before 
 the syngyng in y honour of god and of our blessed lady : the quene Avas ledde and as- 
 systed and brought vp to the hyghe auter, and there she kneled downe and sayde her 
 prayers suche as pleased her, and offred to the tresorie of our lady four clothes of clothe 
 of golde, and the goodly crowne that the angelles dyde set on her heed : and than in- 
 contynent sir John de la Ryuer, and sir Johan le Mercyer, delyuered the bysshoppe of 
 Parys a more rycher crowne, and the bysshoppe and the four dukes dyde sette it on 
 the quenes heed: thane they retourned agayne through the churche, and the quene and 
 the ladyes sette agayne in their lytters, as they were before: there were mo than fyue 
 hudred torches brinnyng, for it was late. Thus they were brought to the palays of 
 Parys, where the kynge, the olde quene, and the duchesse of Orlyaunce her doughter 
 were; there the quene and the ladyes lyghted fro their lytters, and eche of theym 
 brought into seuerall chambres ; and the lordes went to their lodgynges after the 
 daunsynge was paste. 
 
 The nexte daye Monday, the kynge made them all a dyner at his palis ; and at the 
 houre of the high masse the quene was ledde with the foresayd foure dukes into the 
 holy chapell, and there in the masse season the quene was sacred and anoynted as a 
 Qiiene ought to be, and the archebysshoppe of Roane* dyde the obseruaunce, who was 
 called sir Wyllyam of Vyar. After the masse songe solempnely, the kynge and the 
 quene retourned into their chabres, and all other ladies, suche as had chambres in the 
 palays. Than anone after, the kyng and the quene retourned into the halle, and all 
 other ladyes: the great table of Marble that alwayes standeth styll in the halle, was 
 made lengar with a great plaunche borde of Oke, of foure inches thycke, whiche borde 
 ■was richelye couered ; and aboue the great table a<raynste one of the Pyllers was the 
 Kynges dressyng borde, standynge lull of vessell oF golde and syluer, whiche was 
 greatly coueted of many that sawe it; before the table alonge discendyng downe, there 
 were barryers made of wode with thre alyes, and there were sergeauntes and vsshers a 
 great nombre kepynge the entrees, to the entente that none shulde entre but suche as 
 were seruytours of y table, for y hall was so full of people that a man coulde nat tourne 
 hym but w moche payne; mynstrelles a great nombre plesauntly played, euery man 
 after his facultie. Than the kyng and the prelates, and the quene and the ladyes, 
 wasshed and sate downe at the tables: at the kynges table sate downe as chiefe the 
 bysshoppe of Noyon, than the bysshoppe of Langers, than the kynge, and by the kynge 
 the archebysshoppe of Rohan •■,' the kynge satte in a surcote of scarlette furred with 
 armyns, and a ryche crowne of golde on his heed ; than the quene, and by her the 
 Icyng of Armyne :'' than the duches of Berry, than the duches of Burgoyne, and y 
 duches of Thourayne: than the lady of Neuers, and the good damosell of Bare : than the 
 lady of Coucy, and Mary of Harecourt, no othere sate nat at the highe table, sauynge 
 beneth all satte the lady of Sully, wyfe to sir Guye of Tremoyle ;" and at two other 
 tables alonge downe the hall sate mo than fyue hudred ladyes and damosels. The 
 prease was so great that it was great payne to serue the with their messes, whiche were 
 
 great 
 
 • Rouen, " Armenia. * Tremouille, 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 433 
 
 great and notable. I haue nat to do to make great processe therof : I shall sowhat speke 
 of the pastymes y were made bitwene the messes, the whiche had been great pleasure for 
 the kyng to haue sene if he had taryed out the hole dyner. 
 
 Firste, in the myddes of the palays there was a castell made of tymbre, xl. fote longe, 
 and twentie fote brode, with foure towres, in euery quarter one, and one in the myddes 
 hygher than the other : this Castell was fygured for the cytie of Troye, and the towre 
 in the myddes for the palays of ylion : and there were penos with the armes of the 
 Troyans, as of kyng Priamus, Hector his sonne, and his other chyldren, and also the 
 armes of suche other kynges and princes as were enclosed in Troye with kynge Priam : 
 this castell went vpon wheles, the whiche myght be tourned euery waye properly : this 
 castell came to assayle another sorte that was therby in a pauilyon, whiche also wente 
 vpon wheles, so softely and couertly that the mouynge therof coude nat be parceyued, 
 and there was y armes of the kynges of Grece, and of other suche as were at the siege: 
 also there was a shyppe properlye deuysed, wherin myght well be a hudred men of 
 armes, and all raoued by the crafte of wheles, bothe the Castell, Pauilyon, and Ship : 
 they of the Pauilyon, and of the Shyppe, assayled euer the castell, and they within the 
 Castell made great defence : but this sporte endured nat longe, for the preace of the 
 people.was so sore about them that no man coulde styrre. The people were sore chafed 
 with the heate, and putte to moche payne. And there was a table by the parlyament 
 chambre dore, whereat satte many ladyes and damoselles : it was by reason of the preace 
 ouerthrowen to the erthe, and the ladyes caused sodainly to ryse without order, and 
 sore chafed with the preace and heate that was in the palays ; the queue herselfe was at 
 the poynt to haue been sore displeased : perforce a backe doore was broken vp to gette 
 fresshe ayre. The ladye of Coucy was sore diseased. Whane the kynge sawe this 
 mater he commaunded to cease, and the tables in great hast to be taken vp to let the 
 ladyes and damoselles at large ; they lefte takynge of wyne and spyces and wente to their 
 chambres. Than some of the ladyes taryed styll in the Palays, and some wente into 
 the towne to their lodgynges to be the more at their ease, for with preace and with heate 
 they had been sore greued. The lady Coucy wente to her lodgynge, and helde her 
 there tyll it was late. 
 
 Than about fyue oftheclocke the Frenche Queue, accompanyed with the foresayd 
 duchesses, departed fro the Palays of Parys, and toke their lytters all open, and so 
 ■wente throughe the stretes to the kynges lodgynge, called saynt Polle, on the ryuer of 
 Sayne ; with the queue there were mo than a thousande horses : and the kyng went fro 
 the palays to the ryuer of Sayne, and toke there a barge, and wente by water to his 
 house of saynt Polle ; and for all that y house was great and large and well amended, 
 yet y kyng had caused in the great court nere to the gate fro the ryuer, to be made a 
 great halle, whiche was couered ouer with clothes of the armes of Normandy, and the 
 •walles were haged with clothes of arras of sondrie hystories ; in this hall the kynge gaue 
 the ladyes a supper, but the queue kepte her chabre, she was no more sene y nyght: 
 the other ladies, and the kyng, and the lordes, daunsed and reuelled all that nyght, 
 nerehande tyll it was daye in the mornyng ; than euery person departed and went to 
 their lodgynges to slepe, for it was good tyme. Nowe I shall shewe you what gyftes 
 and presetes they of Parys gaue on the Tuesday before noon to 5' queue and to the 
 duchesse of Thoui'ayne, who was but newly come into Fraunce oute of Lombardy, for 
 she was doughter to the duke of Myllayne, and she had the same yere wedded Loyes 
 duke of Thourayne: she Avas named Valentyne; she had neuer before ben at Parys, 
 therfore the burgesses of Pai ys gaue her her welcome. 
 
 On this Tuesday aboute xii. of the clocke, about a xl. burgesses of Parys of the most 
 Vol. II. 3 K notablest 
 
434 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 notablest persons of the cytle, all in one sute of clothynge, came to the kynges house of 
 saynt Polle, and brought a present for the quene through the stretes of Parys : the pre- 
 sent was in a lylter richely wrought, and borne bytwene two strong me properly ap- 
 parelled lyke two auncient sage persones ; the lytter had a celler of a thynnefyne clothe 
 of sylke, so that the iewelles that were in the litter might well be sene through: whan 
 they came to saint Polle, first they cae into the kynges chambre, whiche was redy ap- 
 parelled to receyue them, for alwayes suche as bringeth any thyng are welcome : tha 
 these burgesses sette downe the lytter on two trestels in the myddes of the chambre ; 
 than they kneled downe before the kyng and said : Right dere lorde and noble kyng, 
 your burgesses of Parys presenteth your grace these iewelles here in this lytter, in the 
 welcomyg of your grace into the gouernauce of your realme of Fraunce. Than the 
 kyng sayd, good men, I thake you, they are right goodly and riche. Than the bur- 
 gesses rose and drewe backe, and thersvith toke their leaue. Whan they were gone, 
 the kynge sayd to sir Wyllyam of Lordes, and to Montague, who were by hym: Sirs, 
 let vs go nere to this lytter, and se these presentes more nerer. Than the kynge well 
 regarded them: Fyrst, there were foure pottes of golde, sixe lauers of golde, and sixe 
 plattes of golde, all this vessell wayed a hudred and fyftie marke of golde. In lyke 
 maner another sorte of burgesses richely apparelled all in one lyuerey, came to the 
 quene and presented her another lytter, whiche was borne into her chambre, shewynge 
 howe the good men of Parys dyde recomende them to her grace and sent her that pre- 
 sent: whiche present was a shippe of golde, two great flagos of golde, two dredge boxes 
 of golde, two saltes of golde, sixe pottes golde, sixe lauers of golde: xii. Lampes of 
 syluer, two basons of syluer : the some was thrc hundred marke, what golde what syluer : 
 this present was brought in a lytter bytwene two men, one in semblaunce of a Beare, 
 and the other in semblaunce of an Vnycorne. The thirde present in lykewise was 
 brought into the duches of Thourayns chambre by two men, fygured in the fourme of 
 two blacke Moores richely apparelled, with white towelles about their heedes lyke 
 sarazins ; the lytter was fayre and riche, couered with a fyne clothe of sylke, and 
 brought by xii. burgesses all in one apparell, who gaue this present to the sayd duchesse : 
 in the whiche presente there was a shippe of golde, a great potte of golde, two ewers 
 golde, two great plattes golde, two saltes golde : sixe pottes syluer, two dosin saucers 
 syluer, two dosyn boules syluer : some golde and syluer two hudred markes : this pre- 
 sent greatly reioysed the duches of Thourayne, as it was reason, for it was goodly and 
 riche, and curtesly she thanked them of their gyfte. Thus this Tuesdaye these pre- 
 sentes were gyuen to the kyng, y quene, and to the duchesse of Thourayne. It was 
 greatly to be consydred the valeur of these presentes, and also the puyssaunce of the 
 parisyens : for it was shewed me by one who sawe all these presentes, that they cost the 
 parisiens more than threscore thousande crownes of golde. After these presentes thus 
 delyuered, it was tyme to go to dyner ; but that daye the kynge, and the quene, and 
 other ladyes, dyned in their chambres, y soner to haue done ; for at thre of the clocke 
 at after dyner they shulde drawe into the felde of saynt Katheryne, where as there was 
 ordayned stages and scaflfoldes a great nombre, for the kynge, and the quene, and other, 
 to beholde the iustes. 
 
 Nowe shall I name by order the knyghtes that were called the kynges knyghtes, of 
 the Sonne of golde ; there were thyrtie of the. 
 
 Firste the duke of Berrey, the duke of Burgoyne, the duke of Burbone, the erle de 
 la Marche, sir Jaquemarte of Burbone his brother, the lorde Guillyam of Namure, sir 
 Olyuer of Clysson, constable of Frauce, syr Johan of Vien, sir James of Vien, lorde of 
 Espaigny, syr Guy of Tremoyle,' sir Gillyam his brother, sir Phylyp of Bare, the lorde 
 
 of 
 
 * Tremouille. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 435 
 
 of Rocheforde, bretone, the lorde of Raies, the lorde Beamond, syr Johan of Barbencon, 
 the hazle of Frauce," the lorde of Tourcy, norman, syr Johan of Barres, the lorde of 
 Nantoyllet, the lorde of Rochfoucalt, the lorde of Garanciers, sir Johan of Harpedaute, 
 the barone Dinury,'' syr Willyam Marcyell, syr Raynolde of Roye, syr Geffrey of 
 Caryn, syr Charles of Changeet, and sir Gylliatn of Lignac: all these knyghtes were 
 armed, and sheldes lyke, therein the sonne raye ; and aboute thre of the clocke they 
 were in the place of saint Kaleryne, and thyder was come ladyes and damosels ; and 
 firste the quene came thyder in a chare rychely aparelled, and all other ladyes in good 
 ordre, and entred into the scaffoldes that were ordeyned for them ; than came the 
 frenche kyng redy apparelled to iuste, whiche pastyme he loued ryght well ; he was 
 well accompanyed. Than the iustes beganne; there were many lordes of dyuers coun- 
 treys : syr Gyllyam of Heynalt, erle of Ostreuant, iusted ryght goodly, and so dyd 
 suche knyghtes as came with hym, as the lorde of Gommines, sir Johan of Andregenes, 
 the lorde of Cantan, syr Ansell of Transegynes, and sir Clinquart of Herinno ; all 
 dyde well their deuoyre to the prays of the ladyes: also there iusted well the duke of 
 Irelande, who was all that seasone with the frenche kynge ; also there iusted well a 
 knyght of Almayne*^ besyde the Ryne, called sir Seruays of Mirando. These iustes 
 were well contynued, but there were so many knightes that one coulde nat rynne for an- 
 other, and the duste with rynnynge of their horses was so great, that it troubled them 
 sore : the lorde of Coucy dyd maruelously well. These iustes contynued tyll it was 
 nyght : than they departed, and the ladyes brought to their lodgynges : the kynge with 
 his company was brought to his lodgynge of saynt Pole, and there was a supper for the 
 ladyes, with suche haboundauce that it were harde to recorde it, and the feest and reuell 
 with syngynge and daunsyng tyll the next mornynge the sonne rysinge : and the prise 
 of the iustes of the aunswerers that had best done and lengest contynued, was gyuen to 
 the frenche kynge, by consente of all the ladyes, and iudgement of the harauldes ; and 
 of the chalengers, the Halze of Flaunders, bastarde brother to the duchesse of Burgoyne. 
 The knightes complayned of the dust, so that some said they loste their dedes by reason 
 therof. The kynge made prouysion for it ; he ordeyned mo than two hundred barrelles 
 of water that watred the place, wherby the groude was well amended, and yet the nexte 
 day they hadde duste ynough and to moche. Than the wednysdaye came to Parys the 
 erle of saynte Pole frome oute of Englande ; he had made great haste to come to these 
 iustes and feest, and he had lefte behynde him in Englande sir Johan of Chatell Morant, 
 to bringe the charter of the treuce with hym. The erle of saynte Pole was well wel- 
 comed of the kynge and of all other lordes, and the Q^uene and all other were glad of 
 his comynge. 
 
 On the wednysdaye after dyner euery man drew to the felde, and the ladyes came 
 tthyder in goodly aray, as they had done the daye before, and mounted vpon their 
 stages: than the iustes began fyersly, and was well contynued tyll it was nyght; than 
 euery person retourned, and the ladyes had a great supper at saynte Polle: than the 
 pryses were gyuen by consente of the ladyes and iudgement of the harauldes ; of the an- 
 swerers the prise was gyuen to a squyer of Haynalte, called Johan de Flaron, who was 
 come thyder in the company of therle of Ostreuant ; and of the chalengers, the prise 
 was gyuen to a squyer of the duke of Burgoyns, called Johan de Pokerers :'' and agayne 
 the thursdaye iusted knightes and squyers all togyther ; euery man payned hymselfe to 
 do well, and it endured tyll nyght; and the ladyes supped agayne at saynt Polle, and 
 there the prise was gyuen of the vtter partie to sir Charles of Armoyes, and of them 
 within to a squyer of the quenes, called Lens. The frydaye the kynge made a dyner to 
 all the ladyes and damoselles, and aboute the ende of the dyner there entred into the 
 
 3 K 2 hall 
 
 ' Flanders. ^ D'Ury. "^ Germany. '' Poulceres. 
 
436 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 hall (the kynj^ sytting at the table) the duchesse of Berrey, the duchesse of Burgoyne, 
 the duches of Thouiayne, the coiites of s:iynt Polle, the lady of Coucy, and a 2,reat meny 
 of other ladyes and damosels: they brought in two knyghtes on horsebacke, armed at 
 all peces for the iustes, with their speares on their thyes ; the one was sir Raynolde of 
 Roy, and the other sir Bouciquaut v yonger, and tliere they two iusted goodly togyllier. 
 Than came thyder other knightes, sir Raynold of Troyes, syr Gyilyam of Namure, syr 
 Charles of Armoyes, and the lorde of Garancyers, the lorde of Nantoyllet, Lardenoys 
 of Ostende, and dyuers other; all these iusted there the space of two houres befoie the 
 kynge and the ladyes: than they returned to their lodgynges. That fryday suche 
 ladyes and damosels as wolde retourne to their owne houses toke their leaues of the 
 kynge and of the quene, and also suche lordes as wolde departe : the kynge and the 
 quene thanked them of the payne they had taken comynge to his feest. 
 
 Howe the lorde of the Chateau Moranle, whom the erle Of saynte Polle had lefte he- 
 hynde hym in Englande, retourned into France with the charter of the treuce, sealed 
 by kynge Rycharde and his vncUs, to endure thre yere by see and by lande. 
 
 CAP. GLVIII.' 
 
 AFTER that all these lordes and ladyes were returned fro this greate feest to their 
 owne houses, than the lorde of Chastell Morant, whonie the lorde of saynte Polle had 
 left in Englande, retourned into Fraunce to the kynge and to his counsayle, and shewed 
 forth the charter of the treuce, sealed by kynge Rycharde of Englande, and by his 
 vncles and other, to endure thre yere, as well by see as by lande ; and the wordes in the 
 charter sayd. That whosoeuer breketh by any maner of codicion any poynte or artycle 
 conteyned in that treatie, shulde be taken and reputed as traytours, and to rynne in a 
 mortall punysyon : and bycause that the lorde of Coucy was souerayne capytayne chosen 
 by the kinge and his counsayle to defende and kepe the outwarde marches bytwene the 
 ryuer of Durdone and the see, and all the countrey of Auuergne and Lymosyn, the 
 copy of this treatye was delyuered to hym : to the entente that he shulde publysshe and 
 shewe it to all them that wolde do any thynge to the contrary; and also to the entent 
 that they of Vandachor,'' of Chalusset, of Dorbesidousac,' and of the garysons y made 
 warre for the englysshe tytle, shulde haue knowledge of that treuce, that they shulde 
 make none excuse if they fell in the payne : in lykewyse the marshall of Frauce, the 
 lorde Loys of Xancer, had also the copy therof, whiche was ryght nedefull, for he was 
 gouernour of the outwarde marches of Languedoc, fro the ryuer of Ronne and the 
 bridge of Amyngnon, and aboute the countreys and signories apendaut to the ryuer of 
 Dordone, as the coutreys of Beaucaire, of Carcassone, of Tholous, of rouergue, of 
 Dagen, ofQuercy, ofBygore, of Pyergourte,'' and of Lymogines ;^ and in these coun- 
 treys were dyuers garysons, that smally regarded or obeyed any peace or truce, but 
 alwayes entended to make warre, as the casteil of Cullyer, and the stronge castell of 
 Londre' in Bygore, on the fionters of Byerne : they were greatly feared of their 
 neyghbours. 
 
 ° This chapter ought to be numbered CLIV. ' Ventadour. ' Orbessan and Dorizae. 
 
 ^ Perigord. ' Lymoges. ' Lourdes. 
 
 The 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 437 
 
 The maryage of king Loys, sonne to the duke of Anion, to the daughter of kynge 
 Peter of'^Aragone; and how he went with the quene of M'apoles his mother to Auig- 
 non, to se pope Clemente. 
 
 CAP. CLIX.^ 
 
 IN ihis tyme there was a treatye made of a maryage bytwene Loys of Aniowe, sonne to 
 thedukeofAniou, who wrote himself kynge of Napoles, of Cycyll, and Jherusalem, and 
 erle of Prouynce, and the dougliter of kyng Peler of Arragon. The quene of ^'»P"'" 
 went to Auygnone to se pope Clement, and there she founde the lorde of Coucy, and had 
 in her company her yonge sonne Loys. The lorde of Coucy was ryght ioyous ol her co- 
 raynge. The quene was receyued ryght honorably of pope Clement and of the cardynalles, 
 as slie was well worthy, for she was a noble woman, and a dilygent in all her busynesse. 
 There she desyred the lorde of Coucye to heipe to conuey her sonne Loyes into the realme 
 of Arragone, and to be about him tyll he were maryed. The lorde of Coucye wolde nat 
 refuce it, but ordayned hymselfe so to do, and sayde, Madame, there was no vyage this 
 seuyn yere that I wolde be more ^ladder to accomplisshe than to go into the marches 
 of Cicyll and Naples with my lorde your sonne, if I had lycence of the kyng my soue- 
 rayne lorde. Sir, quod the lady, I thake you ; I se well your good wyll ; 1 doute nat 
 but the kyng wyll be content that ye go with my sonne into Aragon ; and the quene ot 
 Aragon wyll be glad to se you, for yoiir doughter hath maryed her brother, sir Hery ot 
 bare. The lorde of Coucy agreed to go this voyage. Thus the yonge kynge ot *^^^yn 
 tooke his iourney, well accompanied, "whan he had taken his leaue ot the Pope and ot 
 his mother, all wepynge: for at the departynge of t^he mother and the sonne caused their 
 hertesto relente, for they shulde departeYarre asoder, and knewe nat whan to se togy- 
 der agayne; for it was ordayned, that whan the maryage was accomplysshed, that the 
 yonge kynge and the yonge Q,uene shulde take the see at the porte of Barcelone, and so 
 to go and arryue at the. porte of Naples, or as nere as they myght. 
 
 So longe this yonge kynge Loyes iourneyed, that he passed Mountpellyer and 
 Besvers, and so came to Narbone, where he was receyued ioyfuUye of euery man: there 
 they refresshed the and their horses one day, and than departed and wente to Parpyg- 
 nen, the fyrst towne of the realme of Arragon. The comyng of this yonge kynge was 
 well knowen in the court of the kynge of Arragon: he sente menne to mete with hym 
 and to conuey him, as the vycount of Roquebertyn and sir Raymonde of Baighes : so 
 long they rode, that they cae to the cytie of Barcelone, where the kynge and the Quene 
 and their doughter was : there the yonge kyng was nobly receyued, and specially the 
 quene of Arragon was ryght ioyous of the com'ynge of the lorde of Coucy, and thanked 
 the yonge kynge her sonne that shulde be, for bringynge of hym in his company, and 
 sayd, that all other maters shulde do and atcheue the better. This maryage was con- 
 fyrmed bytwene these two chyldien: but bycause wynter approched, they delayed their 
 voyage goyng to the see, for in wynter the great sees are perillous : they said they wolde 
 make their prouisyon that wynter to go into Naples the nexte Marche after. The lorde 
 of Coucy beyng in Arragon, receyued letters fro the Frenche kynge, commaundynge 
 hvm to retourne : than he toke his leaue of the kynge of Arragon and of the quene and 
 of the yonge kyng and his wyfe, and of all other lordes suche as were there, and de- 
 parted ; and if he^myght haue had leysar, he wolde haue retourned by Auignun to haue 
 
 ' Tills chapter ought to be numbered CLV. 
 
438 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 sene the pope and the olde quene of Naples ; but he sente to them his excuse, and re- 
 tourned by Auuergne into Fraunce. 
 
 Whane this marya2;e was made bytwene the yonge kyng Loyes of Cycyll and the 
 doughter of the kynge of Arragon, wheiby there was great alyauces bytwene the par- 
 ties, and they of Arragon were bounde to ayde and to serue the yong kynge, to bringe 
 hym into the realme of Naples, and nat to leaue hym tyll he had the realme pesably of 
 Naples and ofCicyll, with the appendautes, as Pule" and Calabre, and the cytie of Gaiet,'' 
 the whiche Margarete of Duras' helde. The aragonoys shnlde serue hym as longe as 
 his warre endured with ii. hundred speares at their coste and charge, and a thousande 
 crosbowes, and a thousande bregandiers. Whan the swete tyme of Marche was come, 
 and that the wyndes were apeased, and y waters swaged of their rages, and the wodes re- 
 uerdured, and that their prouysions were made redy at Barcelone, and the galees redy 
 suche as shulde go with the yong kynge, than he and his yonge quene tooke their leaues 
 of the kynge of Aragone and of the quene, who wept at their departyng. Than the 
 quene recomaunded the yonge quene lier doughter to the erie of Roodes, a valyaunt 
 knight, and to sir Raymon of Baighes : these two toke y speciall charge, natvvithstadinge 
 that the erle of Vrgell and the erle of Lune were there in a great company. In these ga- 
 lees were a fyftene hudred speares, two thousande crosbowes, and two thousande of 
 other men of warre, with dartes and pauesses : they wente thus fortifyed and well acom- 
 panyed, to resyst the better if nede were agaynst their ennemyes, and also to resyst all 
 rencouters vpon the see : for it is a longe waye by the see fro Barcelone to Naples, and 
 Margarete of Duras,' their aduersary, rayght trouble the by the way ; therfore they 
 thought to go surelye. 
 
 Nowe we wyll leaue to speke of this yonge kyng of Cicyll, and speke of other busy- 
 nesse of the realme of Fraunce. 
 
 Howe the Frenclie kynge had desyre to go and visyte the farre partes of his realme ; 
 and howe he went fyrst into Burgoyne and to Auygnon to se pope Clement. 
 
 CAP. CLX.' 
 
 AFTER this great feest was accomplisshed, and that euery lorde and lady were gone 
 home to their owne houses, as ye haue herde here before, and that the Freche kyng 
 sawe that he had truce with Englande for thre yere, he hadde than ymaginacion to go 
 and visite his realme, specially the vtwarde marchesse of Languedocke ; for the lorde 
 de la Ryuer and sir Johan Mercier, who were as than chefe of his preuy coijsayle, they 
 exhorted hym to go to Auygnon to se pope Clement and the cardynalles, who desyred 
 to se hym, and also to go to Tholous ; for they sayd to the kyng. Sir, a kyng in his 
 youthe ought to visyte his realme, and to knowe his people, and to lerne how they be 
 gouerned, the whiche shulde be greatly to his profyte, and the better to be beloued 
 with his subiectes: the kyng lyghtly enclyned to their counsayle, for he had desyre to 
 traueyle and se newe thynges : and y lord de la Ryuer, who was but newly come out of 
 those marchesse, herde great complayntes of the people of Tholous, of Carcassone, and 
 of Beaucayre, and they desired greatly to se the kyng: for they had ben sore charged 
 with tayles and aydes by y duke of Berrey, by the informacion of a seruaunt of his, 
 called Betysache, who had pytie of no man; he so pylled the people, that nothynge was 
 
 lefte ; 
 
 ' Apulia. '' Gaieta. * Durazzo. * This chapter ought to be numbered CLVI. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 439 
 
 lefte ; therfore he counsayled the kynge to go thyder to prouyde some remedy, and also 
 that the kynge shulde sende for the erle of Foize to come to hym to Tholous. The 
 kyng made him redy to go thyder, and sente afore all the way that prouisyon shulde be 
 made for his comyng, and sente -worde therof to his vncle the Duke of Buigoyne and to 
 his ante the duchesse, how he wolde come alonge throughe their countrey, and wolde 
 se his cosyns their chyldren, and to bring in his company his brother tlie duke of 
 Thourayne and his vncle of Burbone, whiche pleased greatly y duke and the duchesse : 
 and the duke caused lo be proclamed a feest and a iustes, to be holden at Dygnon," 
 and knightes and squiers of Burgoyne, of Sauoy, and of other marches adioyning, were 
 requyred to be at this feest ; and so euery man ordred themselfe accordingly. 
 
 Thus whyles the kynges prouisyon was a makyng to go to Auignon and to Langue- 
 docke, the duke of Burgoyne on his parte made great prouisyon to receyue the kynge, 
 and so dyde euery man in their marchesse that purposed to be at y feest at Dignon.' 
 The same season other maters fell in Fraunce. Ye haue herde howe the duke of Ire- 
 lande (who was called erle of Oxenforde) was banysshed oute of Englande by the vncles 
 of kyng Rycharde, and speciallye the duke of Gloucestre had grettest dyspleasure to 
 hym ; so that to saue hymselfe he was fledde into HoUande, and taryed there but a small 
 season in the towne of Dordreght, for he was fayne to departe thens, for duke Aubert, 
 who was lorde of that towne and of Holande, denyed hym the taryeng in his coutrey : 
 for he wolde nat kepe hym agaynst the wyll of his cosyns germayns of Englande, for 
 all that the kynge of Englande had written for hym, ; yet he was fayne to departe and 
 to go to Trecte,'' a fraunches towne for all maner of people, payeng for that they take ; 
 and the duke of Irelande had ynoughe to paye, for hesyde that he brought with him, 
 he had threscore thousande frankes out of Fraunce fro the Constable, for the redemp- 
 cion of Johan of Bretayne : and he was come to y Freche kyng vnder saueconducte, 
 and was there with hym more than a yere. The kyng made hym good chere, bycause 
 he was a stranger; howebeit, trewe it was, thoughe this duke was with the kyng, yet y 
 lorde of Coucy hated hym in his herte, for he had good cause: for though the duke in 
 all affayres was prouyded of wytte, honoure, eloquence, and of great largesse, yet he 
 had greatly trespassed agaynst the lorde of Coucies doughter, who was his wyfe laufully 
 spoused, and forsoke her without any tytell of reason : but by false and yuell tempta- 
 cyon and disceyte was disceyued, and toke another wyfe, a daniosell of the queue of 
 Englandes, of the countrey of Boeme ;' and the kyng and y queue of Englade synfuUy 
 consented therto, and he was dispensed by pope Vrbane of Rome, at the instaute desyre 
 of the kynge and quene of Englande. This synne greued greatly the conscience of the 
 duke of Irelande ; and bycause the lorde of Coucy, who was of the counsayle of France, 
 and well worthy so to be, for he had done good seruyce, and was well able to do, he 
 procured so mocbe by meanes of his frendes, as sir Olyuer of Clysson, and the lorde de 
 la Ryuer, sir Johan Marcyer, and other, that it was sayde to the duke of Irelande that 
 he shulde departe out of Fraunce, and to go and chose hymselfe another place to abyde 
 in, where he lyst, so that it be nat in the realme of Frauce, and thyder he shulde surely 
 be coueyed. The duke of Irelande sawe well howe he was dayly in paryll by meanes of 
 y lorde of Coucy and his lygnage ; wherfore he thought it shulde be beste for hym to 
 go farre of rather than to abyde nere : than he aduised to drawe into Brabant, and de- 
 syred the kyng to write to the duchesse of Brabant, y it wolde pleace her to suffre hym 
 pesably to abyde in her coutrey. The kynge wrote to his aunte the duchesse of Bra- 
 bant, and she condisceded to the kynges desyre. The duke of Irelande was conducted 
 by men of the kynges to Louayne, and there he tary^ed, and soratyme he went to a castell 
 nat farre of fro the towne of Louaygne, the whiche he had borowed of a knyght of 
 
 Brabant. 
 
 " Dijon. ^ Utrecht, ' Bohemia. 
 
440 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 o 
 
 Brabant. With the duke of Ireh'inde was the archebysshop of yorke, who in lykewise 
 was banysshed out of Englande, all for one cause : this bysshoppe was one of the Ne- 
 uelles of Englande, who in the countrey of Northuberlande were puissaunt men, bothe 
 of landes and of lynage. There taryed these two lordes at Louayne or there about, as 
 I herde saye, as longe as they lyued, for they coude never come to mercy nor peace with 
 f kynge of Englandes vncles : I can no farther speke of them. 
 
 About the feest of saynt Mychell the Freche kyng departed fro his house of Beautie 
 besyde Parys, and lefte there the queue, and toke his waye by Troy in Champayne to 
 go into Burgoyne, and his vncle the duke of Burbone, and duke Loyes of Thourayne, 
 and the lorde ofCoucy, and many other lordes and knyghtes in his company: the 
 kynge rode so longe that he came to Dignon :^ the duke of Burgoyne and the erle of 
 Neuers his sonne were come before to the Chatelon on the r>uer of Sayne.'' Wha 
 the kyng was come to Dignon,^ the duchesse of Burgoyne and the coutesse of Neuers 
 her doughter receyued the kyng ioyfully, and all other lordes for loue of the kyng: 
 and to his welcomynge to Dygnon' many ladyes and damosels were come thyder to se 
 hym: there was the lady of Sully, the lady of Vergy, the lady of Pagny, and dyuers 
 other fayre ladies and fresshe, and well apparelled : than began feestynge, daunsynge, 
 and carolynge. These ladyes enforsed themselfe to daunce and to syng, and to make 
 ioye for loue of y kyng, and y duke of Thourayne, the duke of Burbone, and of the 
 lorde of Coucy. Monday, tuesday, and wednisday, all thre dayes ther was goodly 
 iustes, and prices gyuen to y best doers. The kynge was eight dayes in y towne of 
 Dignon,^ in great triuphe and sporte : the x. daye he toke leaue of his vncle the duke of 
 Burgoyne and of the duchesse and their children. Thentent of y duke of Burgoyne 
 was shortely after to folowe the kyng his nephue, and to go with hym that iourney. 
 The kyng departed fro Dignon," whan he had taken his leaue of all ladyes and damo- 
 selles, and rode so long by his iourneys that he came to Vileneufe besyde Auygnon: 
 There his house royall was apparelled for hym, and there was the cardynals of 
 Amyens, of Aigreuell, of saint Marcell, of Chatell neufe," and mo than xiii. other came 
 and mette the kyng in the felde, and all were gladde of the kynges comyng. 
 
 The duke of Berrey was come to Auygnon and was lodged in the popes palais, but 
 he cae to Vyle neufe to the kynge, and laye in the lyuere'' of arras, called Amontays, 
 in the way to Mountpellyer. The duke of Burgoyne arryued there the next day that 
 y kyng came thyder by the water of Rone, for the duke toke a barge at Lyon sur le 
 rone. Thus the kynge and these four dukes were togyder: than they determyned to 
 passe the bridge of Auignon and to go and se the pope ; and about ix. of the clocke in 
 the mornyng tiie kyng passed tlie bridge, acompanyed with his brother and his thre 
 vncles and xii. cardynalles, and so went to the popes palays, and pope Clement was 
 redy in his chambre of consystorie, syttyng in his chayre of papalyte. Whan the 
 Frenche kyng came into the chambre and sawe the pope he enclyned hymselfe, and 
 ■whan he came nere, y pope rose, and the kyng kyst his hande and his mouthe : than the 
 pope sate downe, and caused the kyng to syt downe by hym, on a place purposely pre- 
 pared for hym : than y dukes kyst the popes hande, and sate downe amoge the cardy- 
 nals. Anone it was tyme of dyner ; than they drewe into the popes great chambre, 
 where the tables were redy couered: the pope wasslied and salte downe at a table alone 
 and kept his estate ; the Frenche kyng satte downe at another table alone, and the car- 
 dynalles and dukes satte downe in order. The dyner was plentyfull, and after dyner 
 they had wyne and spyces. Than the kyng and y four dukes went into their chabres; 
 eche of them had a chambre apparelled in the palays, and there they taryed a certayne 
 
 dayes. 
 
 " Dijon. '' Chatillon-sur-Seine. " Neufchatel. '' Hotel, 
 
THE GRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 441 
 
 dayes. The v. day after that the kyng came thyder, y yonge erle of Sauoy, cosyn to 
 the king, and nephue to the duke of Burbone, came thyder: the kyng was right ioyfull 
 of his comyng. The Frenche kynge, the duke of Thourayne his brother, and the erle 
 of Sauoye, who were lyght of corage and of spyrite, thoughe they were lodged in the 
 popes palais, nere to the pope and to the cardynalles, yet for all that they wolde nat 
 absteyne to daunce and to caroU, and to make sporte amonge the ladyes and damoselles 
 ofAuignon: and the eile of Genesne,^ brother to the pope, brought theym in aquaynt- 
 aunce with the ladyes and damoselles of the towne. The kynge gaue great giftes to the 
 ladyes and damoselles, wherby he had great laude and prayse. 
 
 The pope and the cardinals were ryght ioyfull of the kynges beyng there, as it was 
 reason that they shulde so be, for without the loue of the Frenche kynge their porta 
 shulde haue ben but small ; for they cosydred, or ought to haue consydred, that there was 
 no kynge christned that were obedyent to them, except it were for loue and fauoure 
 and alyaunce of the Frenche kyng. The kynge of Spaygne and the kynge of Scottes 
 obeyed this pope Clement, and the kynge of Aragon was but newly so determyned, and 
 that made the quene yolande of Bare (who was cosyn germayne to the Frenche kynge) : 
 elles he had nat done so, for before, the kynge of Aragon, and his father before hym was 
 as neuter; therfore this pope and cardynalles ought well to feest the Frenche kyng, 
 seynge their puyssaunce and profyte that they lyued by to kepe their estate, came by 
 meanes of the Frenche kyng. Thus the kyng taryed there a certayne season in great 
 ioye and sporte ; and for i'oye of the kynges comynge thyder, the pope opyned his 
 graces to all clerkes beyng in the courte for the space of a moneth: and gaue the nomy- 
 nacions to the kyng, of all coledges and cathedrals : and to euery coledge two prebendes : 
 and reuoked all other graces before gyuen, and wolde that the kynges graces shulde 
 precede before (as they dyd), wherby many of the kynges clerkes were promoted ; also 
 the pope gaue graces to the duke of Thourayne, the duke of Berrey, the duke of Bur- 
 goyne, and to the lorde Coucy ; all other were stopped that had been graunted before. 
 The pope was so curtesse and lyberall, that for loue of the kynges c5myng he grauted 
 euery thyng that was asked. 
 
 Whan the kynge had ben there a certayne space, the pope shewed h)'m his com- 
 playnt, howe that the other pope of Rome greatly hyndred his ryght, and made moche 
 trouble and diffrence in y churche. The kynge herde hym well, and promysed this 
 pope Clement, that after his returne agayne into Fraunce he wolde entende to none 
 other thynge, but to bringe the churche in one accorde. With those wordes the pope 
 was greatly contorted. The kynge toke his leaue, and retourned to Vyle Neufe, and 
 so dyde his brother, and vncles of Berey and Burgoyne : and there on a daye the kynge 
 made a dyner to all the cardynalles and to the erle of Genesne,'' brother to the pope: 
 after dyner they toke their leaues, for the kyng sayd, that the nexte day he wolde ryde 
 towarde Moutpellyer, and he thanked them of the reuerece that they had done to hym. 
 The cardynalles retourned to Auygnon. Than it was ordayned that the kynge shulde 
 departe the nexte daye, his brother and the duke of Burbone in his company ; and so he 
 dyd, and toke leaue of his vncles of Berrey and of Burgoyne, and sayde, howe they 
 shulde retourne into their owne countreis, for they shulde go no further with hym at 
 that tyme: for he sayde he wolde go to Tholous, and sende for therle of Foiz to come 
 thyder. His vncles were cotent therwith, for as than the kyng had suche counsayle 
 about hym, that the duke of Berrey and the duke of Burgoyns voyces were nat^Kerde, 
 without it were in small maters. The gouernyng of Laguedocke was taken a' v.'e fro 
 the duke of Berrey, and deuyded into Seneschaunces to the kynges profyte ; wherof the 
 
 Vol. II. 3 L countreis 
 
 Geneva. 
 
442 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 countreis and marchesse of Carcassone, of Besyers, ofNarbone, ofFonges, orBygore, 
 and of Tholoiis, were greatly reioysed : for before that season they had been sore op- 
 pressed with tayles that the duke of Berrey had reysed on them, as ye shall here after 
 whan the mater requyreth it. 
 
 Whan the duke of Berey and the duke of burgoyn sawe that the kyng wolde go to 
 Moutpellyer and visyte Laguedoc, and wolde nat suffre the to go in his copany, they 
 were sore displeased therw ; howbeit, sagely they dissymuled the mater, and sayde eche 
 toother: the kyng gothe into Languedoc to make inquysycyon on the that gouerned 
 there, and to make a treatie w therle of Foiz, who is y most proudest erle now lyuea : 
 he neuer loued nor praysed any neyghbour that euer he had, nouther Frenche kyng, 
 Englande, Spaygne, Arragoii, nor Nauer. The kyng taketh with him of his counsayle 
 no mo but Ryuer and Mercier, Motague, and the Begeh of Villayns. Howe saye you to 
 this, brother ? quod the duke of Berrey. The duke of Burgoyne answered and sayd, 
 the kynge our nephue is yonge, and he beleueth yonge counsayle; they shall disceyue 
 hym, for surely the conclusyon shall nat be good, and that ye shall se : it must behoue 
 vs to suffre for this presente tyme, but the tyme shall come that suche as coiisaileth 
 him shall repent and the kynge also: let hym go on goddes name whider it shall please 
 hym, and let vs retourne into our owne countreis ; as long as we holde toguyder there 
 is none shall do vs any wronge : we are two of the chefe membres of Fraunce. Thus 
 these two dukes deuysed togyder, and the Frenche kyng departed the nexte day and 
 toke the waye to Nymes, and rode tliyder to dyner. The said two dukes taryed styll 
 with the Pope thre dayes, and y lorde of Coucy in lykewise ; the fourthe daye they de- 
 parted and rode into their owne countreis, and the kyng went fro Nymes and laye all 
 nyght at Lunell. 
 
 Whan the kyng departed fro Lunell he went to dyner to Moutpellyer, it was but 
 thre lytell myles ; ihere he was receyued of y burgesses, ladyes, and damoselles of the 
 towne, for they greatly desyred to se the kynge, and many riche presentes were gyuen 
 to hym, for Moutpellyer is a puissaunt towne, ryche, and full of marchandise. The 
 kynge praysed the towne moche, and well consydred their puissauce ; and it was shewed 
 the kyng that the towne hadde ben moche richer before thanne it was at that presente 
 tyme: for the duke of Anion and the duke of Berrey, eche of them in their tourne, 
 hadde greatlye pylled them. The kyng was sorie that y good people had endured so 
 moche domage, and sayd, how he wolde reforme the countre into a better state. Than 
 it was shewed the kynge that the pouertie of that towne was nothyng to that he shulde 
 fynde forwarde : for that towne of itselfe hath good meanes of recouerauce by reson of 
 the marchandyse y is there vsed, bothe by lande and by see ; but in the marchesse of 
 Carcassone and I'holous and therabout, where as the said two dukes had the gouer- 
 naunce, loke on what thyng they had puyssaunce to laye on their handes, there was no- 
 thyng left, but all taken away ; for ye shall fynde v people there so poore, that suche as 
 were wont to be riche and puissaunt, nowe they are scant able to labour their vynes nor 
 landes : it is a great pyte to se them, their wyues, and chyldren, for they haue had euery 
 yere fyue or sixe tayles layde on their shulders, and are rausomed to the thirde or 
 fourthe parte of their substaunce, and somtyme to all toguyder: one tayle coude nat be 
 payde but y another was redy on y necke therof ; for, syr, as it is well knowen, these 
 two dukes your vncles, while they ruled in Laguedocke, they haue leuyed in y countrey 
 fro Vy'e Neufe into Tholousyn, rounde about to the ryuer of Garou, and retournyng to 
 the ryu jr of Dordone, the some of xxx. hundred thousaude frankes ; and specially 
 sythe the duke of Anion departed, the duke of Berrey hath done the more domage, for 
 he founde the playne countrey and comontie in good case, for the duke of Anion tooke 
 but of the ryche men, who had wherwith to paye ; but the duke of Berrey spared nother 
 
 poore 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 443 
 
 poore nor riche, for he gadered all before him, specially by one of his counsayle, his 
 treasourer, named Betysache, who is of the nacyon of the cytie of Besyers, as ye shall 
 here by the complayntes of the people that wyll crye out on hym. To these vvordes the 
 kyng said, As god haue my soule, 1 shall prouyde for this mater or I retouine : and I 
 shall punisshe the trespasours, for I shall make an inquysycion of the seruautes and of- 
 fycers ofmyne vncles, siiche as had ruled here before in the parties of Languedocke, and 
 suche as haue deserued shall be corrected. 
 
 The kynge taryed at Mountpellyer the space of xii. dayes, for the order of the towne 
 and the pastyme of ladyes and damoselles, suche as he foude there pleased hym greatly. 
 To saye trouthe, the kynge as at that tyme was in his lusty youthe, and lyght and quycke 
 of spyrite; he daunsed and caroled amonge the frysco ladyes and damoselles ofy towne 
 somtyme all nyght, and gaue and made bankettes and suppers largely, and wolde gyue 
 to the ladyes and damosels ryngcs of golde and chaynes to them that he reputed worthy: 
 the kynge dyde so moche that he had great laude and prayse ; and some of them wolde 
 that he had taryed there lengar than he dyd, for he kepte reuell, daunsyng, and solas, 
 and euery day it was newe to begyn. 
 
 Ye haue herde oftentymes said, howe the sporte of ladies and damosels encorageth the 
 hertes of yonge lusty gentylmen, and causeth them to desyre and to seke to gette ho- 
 nour. I say this, bycause with the kyng there was thre gentylmen of highe enterprice 
 and of great valure, and that they well shewed, as ye shall here. Fyrst, there was the 
 yonge sir Boucequaut, the other sir Raynold of Roy, and the thirde the lorde of saynt 
 Pye. These thre knyghtes were chamberleyns with the kyng, and well beloued with 
 him, for they were well worthy ; they were fresshe, and serued hym well in armes and 
 in all other maters. These thre beyng at Mountpellier among the ladyes and damosels, 
 they toke on them to do armes the next somer after ; and as I was enformed, y pricipall 
 cause that enclyned the therto was as I shall shewe you. Ye knowe well, as it hath ben 
 rehersed here before in this hystorie, howe that in y dayes of kyng Charles there was an 
 Englysshe knyght, called sir Peter Courtney (a valyaunt knight in armes) cae out of 
 Englande into Frauce to Paris, and demanded to do armes with sir Guy of Tremoyle," in 
 the presence of the kyng or of suche as wolde se them. Sir Guy wolde nat refuce his 
 offre, and in the presence of the kyng and of other lordes they were armed on a daye 
 and ran toguyder one course ; and than the kyng wolde nat suffre them to ryn agayne 
 toguyder, wherwith theglysshe knyght was right yuell content, for as he shewed, he 
 wolde haue furnysshed his chalenge to the vttraunce : but he was apeased with fayre 
 wordes ; and it was sayde to hym that he had done ynough, he ought to be content ther- 
 with. The kynge and the duke of Burgoyne gaue hym fayre gyftes and presentes. 
 Than he retourned agayne towardes Calays; and the lorde of Clary, who was a friscay 
 and a lusty knyght, was charged to conuey hym. They rode so longe toguyder that 
 they came to Lucynen,'' where as the countesse of saynt Poule laye, suster to kynge 
 Richarde of Englande. The lady was ioyfuU of the comynge thyder of sir Peter 
 Courtney, for she hadde maryed fyrste his cosyn the lorde of Courtney, but he dyed 
 yonge, and after she maryed the erle of saynt Poule. The Englisshemen called her 
 madame Courtney, and nat Countesse of saynt Poule. 
 
 ' Tremouille. ' Lucen. — D. Sauvage. 
 
 3 L 2 Hour 
 
444 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 Howe sir P<:ler Courteney came into Fiaunce to do armes ifith sir Ghiye ofTremoyle;* 
 ayid howe the lorde of Clary coueyed hym, and by what occasyou he dyde armes 
 rfit/i hym in the marchesse of Calais. 
 
 CAP. CLXI." 
 
 THUS as sir Peter of Courtney and the lorde of Clary were at Lucenen" in Arthoys 
 with the coutesse of saynt Poule, who was right ioyouse of their commynge, and as 
 they deuysed of many thynges, the countesse demaunded of sir Peter Courtney what he 
 thought of the state of Fraunce. He aunswered and sayd, Certaynly, madame, the 
 states of Frauce are well and goodly serued ; we can nat be so serued in our countrey. 
 Sir, quod the lady, do the lordes of Fraunce and the maner there contente you ? haue 
 they nat made you good chere ? Surely, madame, quod he, tlieir chere contenteth me 
 passynglye well ; but in the case that I passed the see for, they haue but easely acquyted 
 me therin ; and, madame, I wyll ye knowe, that if the lorde of Clary here present hadde 
 come into Englande, and desyred to haue done armes with any man, he shulde nat haue 
 departed or he hadde ben answered at his pleasure ; but I am serued to the contrary. 
 Trewe it was, sir Guye de la Tremoyle^ and I were armed in the felde eche agaynst 
 other, and ranne toguyder but one course : than it was shewed me fro the kynge that we 
 shulde do no more, sayenge, liowe he hadde done ynough ; wherfore, madame, I saye 
 and wyll say wheresoeuer I be come, that I coulde fynde none to do armes with me, 
 and that was nat in my defaute, but in the knyghtes of Fraunce. The lorde of Clary 
 noted well his wordes, and helde his pease with great payne ; howebeit, he suffred hym, 
 bycause he had the charge of the coueyaunce of hym. Than the countesse sayde, Sir, 
 ye departed right honorably fro Frauce whan ye obeyed to the kynges desyre, for ye 
 coude do no more, sythe it was his pleasure that ye shulde nat. 
 
 In comyng, returnyng, and doyng as ye haue done, none can laye any faute in you : 
 all suche as shall here thereof on this syde the see or on tlie other shall repute in you 
 more honour than blame ; wherfore, sir, I requyre you be contente therwith. Madame, 
 quod the knight, so I do and shall do ; I shall neuer take thought for it. Thus they 
 lefte that mater and fell in other talkynge. There he taryed all that daye and night; 
 the nexte mornynge sir Peter Courtnay toke his leaue of the Countesse of saynt Poule, 
 and she gaue hym at his departynge a lytell chayne of golde, and to the lorde of Clary 
 another : thus in the mornynge they departed fro Lucenen,*^ and toke the waye to Bou- 
 loygne, and came thyder and there laye all nyght, and the nexte daye rode towardes 
 Margyson"* to go to Calais. 
 
 Bitwene Boloygne and Calays are but seuyn or eight leages, and fayre playne waye. 
 Whan they came nere to Calais, there sir Peter of Courtney sayd to the lorde of Clary, 
 Sir, we be nowe in the kyng of Englandes lande, and ye haue well acquyted you in the 
 conueyaunce of me, and of your company I thanke you; the lorde of Clary, who had 
 displeasure in his hert, for the wordes that sir Peter had spoken at Lucenen," in the 
 presens of the countesse of saynt Pole, and other, whiche wordes he thought he wolde 
 nat suffre to reste in that case, for he reputed them to haute and to hyghe agaynst the 
 honoure of the chiuahy of Fraunce : for he vnderstode hym that he said howe he was 
 come oute of Englande into Fraunce to do armes, and how there were none that wolde 
 
 aunswere 
 
 ' Tremouille. ■> This chapter ouglit to be numbered CLVII. ' Lucen.— D. Sauvage. * Marquise. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 445 
 
 aunswere hym. Than the lorde of Clary at their leaue takynge sayde, Sir Peter, ye be 
 nowe in the kyn^e of Englandes lande, and sir, 1 haue conueyed you hyder by the com- 
 mauncfement of the kynge my maister and of the duke of Burgoyne ; and yc remembre 
 well this laste daye whan we were in y countesse of saynt Poules chambre, who made vs 
 good chere, ye spake there ouer largely, as me thynkelh, to the great preludyct and 
 blame of the knyghtes of Fraunce; for ye sayde, howe ye came fro the kynges courte, 
 and coude fynde none to do arnies with you ; by y whiche wordes maye be vnderstande 
 that there is no knyght in Fraunce that dare do armes or iust with you thre courses with 
 a speare ; wherfore, sir, I wyll that ye knowe that here I ofTre myselfe, thoughe I be one 
 of ^ moost symplest knyghtes in all Fraunce, and saye and iustifye, that the realme of 
 Fraunce is nat so voyde of knyghtes but that ye shall well fynde ynowe to do dedes of 
 armes with you; and sir, if ye lyste ye shall fynde me redy to aunswere you, be it in- 
 contynente this nyght or to morowe. I saye nat this for any hatered that 1 haue to your 
 persone; I do it all onely to maynteyne the honour of our partie, for I wolde nat ye 
 shulde retourne to Calais or into Englande to make youre auaunt that without stroke 
 stryken ye shulde disconfyte the knyghtes of Fraunce. Sir, answere me if it please you 
 to my wordes. Sir Peter Courtney was soone cousayled what answere to make, and 
 sayde. Sir of Clary, ye speke well, and I accepte your demaunde : and I wyll that to 
 morowe in this same place ye be armed at your pleasure, and I shall be in lykewise, and 
 than lette vs rynne eche at other thre courses with a speare, and therby ye shall wynne 
 agayne the honour of the Frenche courte, and ye shall do me a greate pleasure. Sir, 
 quod the lorde of Clary, I promyse you I shall nat fayle to be here at the hour ye haue 
 assigned. Thus these two knightes promysed eche other to iust. The lorde of Clary 
 retourned to Marguysen,^ and there prouyded hym of his armure, shelde, speare, and 
 horse ; he hadde anone all that he lacked, for on the fronters of Calays and Boloyne 
 men were soone prouyded : there he made his prouisyon as shortely as he myght, for he 
 wolde natte that ouer many shulde haue knowen therof. In lyke manner sir Peter 
 Courtney, whane he came to Calays, he forgate nat the promyse that he had made, but 
 prouyded hym of good armure and of euery thyng elles : as for harnesse he had redy, 
 suche as he had caryed with hym out of Englande into Fraunce ; as at that tyme sir 
 Johan Bernes'' was capitayne of Calays ; Sir Peter shewed hym the promise y was made 
 bytwene hym and the lorde of Clary. Than sir Johan Bernes'' sayde howe he wolde ac- 
 company hym thyder, and other good felowes of Calays, The nexte daye these two 
 knightes came to the place apoynted ; the Englysshe knyght came moche better accom- 
 panyed than dyde the Frenche knyght, for the capitayne of Calays was with hym. 
 Whan they were come togyder there was but fewe wordes bytwene theym : they knewe 
 well ynough wherfore they were come: they were bothe well armed and horsed, and 
 toke their sheldes : than they toke their speares with sharpe heedes well fyled, and 
 spurred their horses and ranne toguyder : the fyrst course they fayled, wherwith they 
 were bothe sore displeased ; at the seconde iuste they mette so toguyder, that the lorde 
 of Clary strake the Englysshe knyght throughe the targe and throughe the shulder a 
 handfull, and therwith he felle fro his horse to the erthe. The lorde of Clary passed 
 forthe and kepte his course, and turned and stode styll, for he sawe well howe the 
 Englysshe knight was vnhorsed, and howe that many men were about hym ; he thought 
 surely than that he was hurt, for his speare was brokenne in peces : than he rode to 
 them, and the Englysshemen came to the lorde of Clary, and sayd. Sir, ye be no cour- 
 tesse iuster. Wherfore? quod the lorde of Clary. Bycause, quod they, ye haue hurt 
 this knightes shulder; ye might more curtesly haue iusted. Sirs, quod he, that curtesy 
 laye nat in me, seyng I was apparelled to iuste, for the same case or worse myght haue 
 fallen to me as well as to hym ; howebejt, sir, I requyre you demaunde of hym, or elles 
 
 wyll 
 
 ' Marquise. ^ Wames. — D. Sauvage, 
 
446 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 wyll I, whyder he wyll do any more or natte. Than sir Johan Rernes sayde: Nay, 
 naye, sir knyj^ht, ye may departe whan ye lyste, ye haue done ynough. Than the lorde 
 of Clary departed with his company, and the Englysshemen ledde sir Peter Courtney 
 to Calays, to be healed of his hnrtes; and the lorde of Clary retourned into Fraunce, 
 thynkynge that he hadde right well done, and that he shulde haue had for that dede 
 great laude and prayse : but I shall shewe you what fell therof. 
 
 Whan tidynges came to the Frenche kyng, and to the duke of Burgoyne, and to 
 their counsayle, howe that the lorde of Clarye had done armes with sir Peter Courtney, 
 inretournynge to Calais, so that the sayde sir Peter was hurte, and in paryll of dethe, 
 the kynge, and the duke, and specially sir Guye of Tremoyle,^ were sore dyspleased 
 with the lorde of Clary: and sayde, howe he had done (at the leest) as moche as to lese 
 his landes, and to be bannysshed the realme of Fraunce for euer, without repele : and 
 soe other, (suche as wolde hym no good wyll,) sayde : howe he hadde done lyke a false 
 traytoure, seynge a straunge knyght vnder the kynges sauegarde, shulde be requyred 
 by hym to do dedes of armes, and by y meanes to be brought to the ieopardye of dethe ; 
 they sayde suche a dede ought nat to be pardoned. The lorde of Clary was sente for : 
 he came to the kynge, and to the duke of Burgoyne ; there he was examyned and layde 
 to his charge, and demaiided howe he durste be so outragious to a knyght straunger that 
 was come to the kynges court for good loue and to exalte his honoure, to do leates of 
 armes, and departed thens with good loue and ioye, and the entente that he shulde nat 
 be troubled by the way, in his retournyng was delyuered to hym to conduyt : and than 
 at the departynge of bothe realmes, he to be so bolde to do armes with hym in cape or 
 iustes mortall, without lycence of his soueraygne lorde of whom he holdeth his lande ; 
 it was shewed hym the trespasse was so great that it was nat to be pardoned, but to be 
 punysshed so highely, that all other shulde take ensample therby. The lorde of Clary, 
 whan he herde those wordes, he was abasshed, for he thought he hadde done well, and 
 for to haue had thanke ; than he sayde : My lordes, it is of trouthe, sir Peter of Court- 
 ney was delyuered to me, to conducte and to kepe hym company tyll he came to Calais, 
 or to the froters therof : and of all that I hadde in charge I haue well and truely acquyted 
 myselfe, and if nede be I shall proue it by the wytnesse of hyraselfe ; and trewe it was, 
 that by y waye whan we came to Lucyen to the countesse of saynt Poule, who receyued 
 and made vs good chere, there sir Peter Courtney hadde certayne wordes, as I shall 
 shewe you. 
 
 The countesse demauded of hym and sayde : sir Peter of Courtney, howe are ye con- 
 tente with the Lordes of Fraunce, and with the maner of Frauce ? He answered 
 courtesly and sayd : Madame, the maner of Fraunce is ryght noble and goodlye ; as 
 for the lordes of Fraunce I am right well content with their chere, excepte in one thyng, 
 and that is, with great payne and traueyle and great coste, I haue issued oute of Englade 
 to do dedes of armes, and so came to the freche kynges court, but there I knew nat with 
 whom to do armes : thus my lordes, whan I herde hym saye so in the presece of so 
 noble a lady as the countesse of saynte Poule, suster to tlie kynge of Englande, the 
 wordes were right heuy to me to beare ; howbeit, I suffred them for that tyme, bycause 
 I had the charge of tlie conueyaunce of hym ; I neuer made semblaunt therof to hym as 
 longe as we were in company togider within the realme of Fraunce ; and at our leaue 
 takynge in the marche^se of Calais, trewe it is, than I layde vnto hym the sayde wordes 
 and sayd, howe they were nat courtesly spoken, nor honorably: for the wordes sounded 
 that the chiualry of Fraunce was so abated, tbat none durst do dedes of armes with him : 
 than 1 sayd if he wolde abyde therby, that I was one of the knyghtes of Fraunce, borne 
 
 of 
 
 ' Tremouille. 
 
.THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 447 
 
 of the nacyon : and I sayd I wolde nat that he shulde make his auaunte in En^Iande, 
 that he coude nat fynde in Frauca, nor by the waye, with Avhome to do armes ; tlitilore 
 1 sayde I was redy, and desyred to do armes with hym, and to rulCylle his pleasure 
 and desyre, as to rynne thre courses with a speare, the same daye or the nexte ; cer- 
 taynly my loides, I sayde these wordes for the lionour ol' the reahiie of Frnuuce, and 
 the chyuahy therof: and me thouj^lit he liad great ioye therof, and accepted to do armes 
 with me the nexte day, and so dyde 1 ; and the nexte day we mette at the same phite ; 
 he was acopanyed with them of tlie garyson ol Calais, and with me there were cenayne 
 of the fronters there, knyghtes and squyers, as y lorde of Mountcarcll, and sir Julian 
 of Longuyilers; there we iusted toguydtr as well as we coude, and the aduenture of 
 armes fell so y at the seconde course I sliake him through the shulder, so that he fell to 
 the erthe ; than I retourned againe to knowe if he wolde do any more : than the capi- 
 tayneof Calis said it was suffycient that was done, and that I myghtdeparte whan I lyst: 
 and than I retourned; I beleued 1 had ryght well done, and well delended ihe honour 
 of the realme of Frauce, and of the knightes therin. Thus I haue shewed you the very 
 trouthe of this dede, for my well doyng of this amtdes shall folowe; I reporte me and 
 wyll abyde the iugement of my lorde the Constable, and my lordes the highe marshalles 
 of Frauce, and besyde that to the voice and discrecion of the knyght hymselfe sir Peter 
 Curtney, at whose request I dyde these armes ; and also I reporte me to all knyghtes 
 and squyers of honour, bolhe of Fraunce and of Englande, credably enfourmed of the 
 hole mater. 
 
 Whan the lorde of Clary had shewed the mater, and sagely made his excusacios, as 
 ye haue herde, it great I ye aswaged the yre and displeasure of them that had com- 
 playned of hym ; howebeit, for all his wordes and excusacions he coude nat be de- 
 Jyuered, but was comytted to prisone, and there taryed a long season in great daunger 
 of lesyng of all his landes, and to be banysshed for euer ; but the lorde of Coucy, and 
 the duke of Burbon, they labored sore for his delyuerauce, and with moche payne they 
 made his peace, with the ayde of the countesse of saynt Ponle, before whom the wordes 
 were spoken. Than at his deliuerauce it was said to hym : Sir of Clary, ye supposed 
 to haue done ryght well ; howebeit, ye dyde shamefully, whanne ye offred to do armes 
 with sir Peter Courtney, who was vnder the kynges sauegarde, and deliuered to you to 
 conducte to Calays by the kynges comaundement ; ye dyde a great outrage whan ye re- 
 newed the wordes, the whiche were spoken but in sport before the coutesse of saynt 
 Poule ; or ye had done it ye ought to haue returned to y kyng, and haue shewed hym 
 y wordes that shulde haue sowned agaynst the honour of' y knyghtes of Frauce, and than 
 what cousayle the king had gyuen you, ye ought to haue folowed ; and bycause 
 ye dyde nat thus, ye haue hadde this payne ; beware better another tyme, and thake 
 the lorde of Burbone, and the lorde of Coucy, of your delyueraunce, for they 
 haue sore labored for you, and also y lady of saynt Poule, Qiiod the lorde of Clary, 
 my lordes, I thake you all ; howebeit I thought I hadde done well. Thus he de- 
 parted. 
 
 Howe 
 
448 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 Howe the iiistes of saynt Inguelyert, otherwise called Sadyngfelde, were enterprised by 
 sir Reynolde of Roy, the yonge sir Boucyquaut, and the lorde of saynt Pye. 
 
 CAP. CLXIL' 
 
 THE Frenche kyng lay at the good towne of Moutpellyer in gret myrthe and sport: 
 and at a banket that the kynge made to the Ladies and damoselles of the towne, there 
 was rehersed all this sayd mater of the lorde of Clary, and of sir Peter Courtney. True 
 it was, I began to speke of thre valyaunt knightes, of the yonge sir Bauciquaut, sir 
 Reynolde of Roy, and the lorde of saynt Pye : the whiche thre enterprised to do dedes 
 ofarmes in the fronter besyde Calais, in the tyme of Somer nexte after: abyding all 
 knightes and squiers straungers the terme of xxx. dayes, w hosoeuer wolde iuste with 
 the in iustes of peace or of warre ; and bicause ihenterpriee of these thre knyghtes semed 
 to the Freche kyng and his cousayle to be an high enterprice, there it was said to them, 
 that they shulde putte it in writyng, bycause the kyng wolde se thartycles therof : that 
 if they were to hygh or to outragyous, that the kyng might amende them, bycause the 
 king nor his counsayle wolde nat susteyne any thynge that shulde be vnresonable. 
 These thre knyghtes answered and said: It is but reasone that we do thus, it shall be 
 done. Than they toke a clerke and caused him to write as foloweth. 
 
 For the great desyre that we haue to come to the knowledge of noble gentlemen, 
 knightes and squiers, straungers, as well of the realme of Fraunce, as elswhere of farre 
 countreys: we shall be at saynt Ingylbertes, in the marches of Calays, the twenty day 
 of the moneth of May nexte commyng, and there contynewe thyrty dayes complete, 
 the frydayes onely excepte, and to delyuer all maner of knyghtes and squyers, gen- 
 tlemen, straungers of any maner of nacyon, whatsoeuer they be, that wyll come thyder 
 for the breakynge of fyue speares, outher sharpe or rokettes at their pleasure ; and with- 
 out our lodgynges shall be the sheldes of our armes, both on the sheldes of peace and of 
 warre, and whosoeuer wyll iust, lette hym come or sende the day before, and with a 
 rod touche vvhichc ahelde he please ; if he touche y shelde of warre, the nexte daye he 
 shall iust with whiche of the thre he wyll, and if he touche the shelde of peace, he shall 
 haue the iustes of peace and of warre ; so that whosoeuer touche any of the sheldes, shew 
 or cause to be shewed their name to suclie as shal be there lymyted by vs to receyue their 
 names : and all suche knyghtes straungers as wyll iuste, to bringe some nobleman on 
 their partye, who shall be instructed by vs what ought to be done in this case ; and we 
 requyre all knyghtes and squyers straugers, that wyll come and iuste, that they thynke 
 nor ymagyn in vs that we do this for any pride, hatred, or yuell wyll, but all onely we 
 do it to haue their honorable company and acquayntaunce, the whiche with our entier 
 hartes we desyre; nor none of our sheldes shall be couered with yron nor steel, nor 
 none of theirs that wyll come to iust with vs, without any maner of fraudes, aduauntage, 
 or male engyn, but euery thynge to be ordered by them that shal be comytted by eyther 
 parte to gouerne the iustes ; and bycause that all gentlemen, noble knyghtes and 
 squiers, to whom this shall come to knowlege, in that it shulde be reputed ferme and 
 stable, we haue sealed this present writynge with the seales of our armes : written at 
 Mountpellier, the twenty daye of Nouembre, in the yere of our lorde god a thousande, 
 thre hundred, fourscore and nyne: and signed thus : Raynolde du Roy, Boucyquaut, 
 saynte Pye. 
 
 Of 
 
 ; ■ • This chapter ought to be numbered CLVIII. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 449 
 
 Of the high courage and enterprise of these thre knyghtes the french kynge was ryght 
 ioyefuU therof, and or the mater went forwarde, euery thynge was well examyned and 
 sane, that no faulte shulde be tlierin foiinde. Some of the kinges counsayle thought it 
 was nat reasonable that these armes shulde be doone so nere to Calays, for the englysshe- 
 men might take it for a presumpcyon, the whiche wolde be eschewed, bycause of the 
 treuce y is taken bytwene Englande and Fraiice, to endure for thre yere; wherfore, they 
 sayde, there ought nothynge to be wrytten nor doone, that shulde be occasyon of any 
 dyscensyon to be had bytwene the realmes. The kynges cousayle rested on this mater 
 a hole day, and wyste nat what to do : they wolde fayne haue broken it. Suche as were 
 sage, sayde, it were nat good alwayes to consente to the purpose of yonge people, for 
 oftentymes therby maye growe incydentes, rather yuell thanne good; howebeit, the 
 kynge who was yonge, inclyned greatly to these knyghtes, and sayd : Lette them do 
 their enterprise, they are yonge and coragyous, they haue promysed and sworne to do 
 it before the ladyes of Movmtpellyer ; we wyll that the mater go forwarde, let them pur- 
 sewe their enterprise. Whanne euery man sawe that it was the kynges pleasure, there 
 were none durste say agaynst it, wherfore the knyghtes were ryght ioyfuU ; and so it 
 was concluded and agreed that the matter shulde go forwarde as the knightes had 
 written and sealed. Than the kynge sent for the thre knyghtes into his chambre aparte, 
 and said to them : Syrs, in all your doynge regarde wysely the honour of vs and of our 
 realme, and to maynlayne your astate spare nothynge, for we shall nat fayle you for the 
 expence often thousande frankes. The thre knyghtes kneled downe before the kynge 
 and thanked his grace. 
 
 Thus the frenche kynge toke his sporte in the good towne of Mountpellyer a fyftene 
 dayes, moste parte with ladyes and damosels ; and the kynge and his counsayle had par- 
 fytely regarded the busynesse and necessyties of the towne, for princypally he was come 
 thyder for the same cause : and by the aduyse of his counsayle euery thynge was well 
 refourmed and brought to good astate, and their oppressyons doone awaye, wherby the 
 good people had been sore traueyled. Than the kynge toke his leaue of the ladyes and 
 damoselles, and in a mornynge he departed and wente to dyner to Alipyam, and at 
 nyght lay at Vbere :" the nexte day to Besyers, where he was goodly receyued, for the 
 good men of the towne greatly desyred to se hym, and so dyd all the countreys, bothe 
 ofPesenas, ofCabestan, and of Narbone : for they were redy to make complayntes to 
 the kynge of the duke of Berreys offycer, called Betisache, who had pylled the coun- 
 treys. This Betysach, fro that tyme the kynge came fro Auignon, he rode alwayes in 
 his company, but no man shewed hym as they thought, for they myght haue gyuen hym 
 warnynge if they had lyste : but they draue hym forlhe with fayre wordes, and suche 
 promysed hym nothynge but honoure, as thought the contrary. The kynge entred into 
 Eesyers bytwene thre and foure at afternoone ; he was met with processyon without y 
 towne with all the clergy and burgesses, and ladyes and damoselles: as the kynge came 
 rydynge, they were a bothe sydes of the waye, and dyd their reuerence ; so he came to 
 the cathedrall churche and there alyghted at the dore, where there was an auter made, 
 rychely garnysshed with iewelles and relykes ; there the kynge kneled downe and dyd 
 his prayers, and than entred into the churche with the bysshoppe of Besyers, and his 
 vncle the duke of Burbone, and other lordes folovved after: thanne tiie kynge wente to 
 his lodgynge to the Palyce, whiche was nat farre thence, and his brother the duke of 
 Thourayne, and the duke of Burbone with him: and the other lordes were lodged abrode 
 in the towne, where as they were well and easely lodged, for Besyers is a good 
 cytie. 
 
 Vol. II. 3 M Of 
 
 • St. Thibery. 
 
450 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 Of the complai/ntes made to the ki/ng by the peofde of Languedoc, in ihe towne of 
 Besyers, agni/mt Betysach^ treasourer to the duke of Berrey, of the great extor- 
 syons that he had made, and of the confession that he made, and of the cruell delhe 
 that he had in the sayde towne. 
 
 CAP. CLXIII." 
 
 THRE dayes the kynge was at Besyers in greate ioye and reuell amonge ladyes and 
 damosels, and all that tyme Betysache was nothynge spoken vnto: but the enquisitours 
 who war ordeyned by the kynge, dyd secretly enquyre of his dedes, and they founde by 
 enquest dyuers cases horryble, nat to be pardoned. The fouilh day that the kynge had 
 6en there, this Betysache was called before the kynges counsayle in a chambre, and there 
 straytely examyned, and it was say«i to hym : Betysache, aunswer wysely to these 
 writynges that ye se here : there was shewed hym a greate nombre of bylles of com- 
 playntes that were put vp to the kynge agaynsthym, makyng mensyonof the extorcyons 
 that he had done to the people: all these bylles of complayntes were redde before hym 
 one after another: to some he aunswered wysely, raakynge his excuse, and to some he 
 playnly denyed them, and sayde : I knowe nothynge of those maters : laye them to the 
 seneschalles of Beaucayr, and of Carcassone, and to the chauncellour of Berrey ; it par- 
 tayneth to theym to aunswere to those matters : howebeit, fynally it was shewed him 
 that he muste kepe prysone for a tyme, tyll the mater were better examyned ; he obeyed 
 bycause he myght nat chuse. As sone as he was in prison the inquysitours wente to his 
 lodgynge, and toke into their handes all suche writynges and acomptes as they founde 
 there, whiche parlayned to such maters as he had intermedled withall before, and they 
 auewed them at leysure, and founde in theym the rekenynges of great somes of money, 
 suche as had ben raysed and leuyed of the people. Than he was demaunded where all 
 that money was become, and whether the sorames were trewe or nat. He aunswered 
 and sayde, as for the somes are trewe, and the money delyuered to the duke of Berrey, 
 and so paste throughe his handes and his treasourers, wherof I haue good quyttaunces 
 in my lodgynge in suche a place ; the Avhiche quitaiJces were sente for before the coun- 
 sayle, and there they were redde, and they agreed with the somes of his receyte. Than 
 the counsayle and the enquysytours were apeased, and Betysache sente agayne to a 
 curlesse prysone. Than the counsayle comuned togyther on that matter, and sayd : 
 it semeth that Betysache is clere of suche causes as are layde to his charge, for the 
 money that halhe been reysed, the duke of Berrey hathe had it, howesoeuer it hath ben 
 spente. 
 
 All ihinges consydred, Betysache excusacyons were lawfull, for the duke of Berrey 
 was the moste couetouse man in all the worlde ; so he myght gette good, he cared nat 
 where nor howe he hadde it, and whan he had it he wolde bestowe it but symply, as 
 many lordes do and haue doone in tymes paste. Thus the kynges counsayle sawe no 
 faute in Betysache, wherby he sluilde lese his lyfe : some were of that opynyon, and 
 some contrary, and said : Betysach hath done so many cruell dedes, and hathe so sore 
 inpouerysshed the people for to acomplysshe the desyre of his lorde the duke of Berrey, 
 that the blode of the poore people cryeth out, and sayeth, howe he hathe deserueddethe: 
 for he that is a manne borne of these partyes, and counsayler with his maister, and 
 
 seynge 
 
 * This chapter ought to be numbered CLIX. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 451 
 
 seynge the pouerty of the people, he ought in good maner to haue shewed the trouth to 
 the duke liis mayster ; and if the duke wolde nat haue heide hym, than he shulde haue 
 come to the kynge. and to his counsayle, and haue shewed theym the pouerlie of the 
 people, and howe the duke of Beirey had daulte with them ; than lie had ben well ex- 
 cused. So Betysache was sente for agayne to the counsayle, and straytely examyned 
 where the money that hadde been gathered was become, for they founde the some of 
 thyrty hundred thousande frankes receyued. He answered therto and sayd : My lordes, 
 it were herde for me to tell where my lorde the duke of Berrey hathe bestowed it: moche 
 he hath layde out on byldynges and reparacyons of castels and houses ; also he hath 
 bought certayne landes in the countye of Boloygne, and in the countye of Estampes ; 
 also'he hathe spente moche in hyenge of precyous stones and iewelles, the whiche ye 
 knowe well he hathe alwayes been desyrous to bye ; also he is well stuffed to mayntayne 
 the astate that he hathe alwayes kepte ; also he hath gyuen suche gyftes and rewardes to 
 Thybaulte and Morynot, and to his seruautes aboute him, in suche wyse that they be 
 ryche men. Well, Betysache, quod they of the counsayle, and ye haue had for your 
 parte to your synguler profyte a hundred thousande frankes. My lordes, quod he, 
 that I haue hadde was by the consente of my lorde the Duke of Berrey, for he wolde 
 that his seruauntes shulde become ryche. Than the counsayle sayde all with one voyce, 
 A, Betysach, that worde is foiysshly spoken : that rychesse is nat good nor resonable 
 that is yuell gotten ; ye shall retourne agayne into prison, and we shall take further ad- 
 uyse on that ye haue sayd and spoken : ye must abyde the pleasure of the kynge, to 
 whome we shall shewe all your excusacions. My lordes, quod he, all shall be as god 
 wyll. Than he was agayne sette in prisone, and there remayned four dayes or he was 
 sente for agayne. 
 
 Whan these tydynges were spredde abrode in the countrey, that Betysach was in pri- 
 son, and that inquyre was made of his dedes, and that it was publysshed that whosoeuer 
 had any matter to hym shulde come forthe ; therby moche people came to Besyers, and 
 put vp supplycacions to the kynge of the cruell dedes of Betysach. Some complayned 
 of hym that he hadde dyslieryted them without cause or reason, and other complayned 
 of hym that he hadde by force taken their wyues and doughters. Whan the kynges 
 counsayle sawe so many gret causes laide to Betysache, they were wery therof ; and be- 
 syde all these complayntes he was sore behated with the people, and all this came to 
 hym by reason to fyll the duke of Berreys purse ; he dyd euer what he wolde haue hym 
 to do. The kynges counsayle wyste nat what to do, for than there was come thyder 
 two knightes fro the duke of Berrey, the lorde of Nantouelet and syr Peter Mespyn, 
 who had brought letters to the kynge fro the duke: and they in the dukes behalfeauowed 
 all that euer Betysach had doone before, and the duke requyred the kynge and his coun- 
 sayle to haue agayne his man and treasourer. The kynge had greate hatred to Betysach, 
 bycause of the yuell name and fame that ranne vpon hym: the kynge, and the duke of 
 Thourayne his brother, inclyned greatly to haue had hym hanged, sayenge howe he 
 hadde welldeserued it; but the kynges counsayle durste nat iudge hym for dought of 
 the duke of Berrey: they sayde to the kynge : syr, if the duke of Berrey auoweall his 
 dedes whatsoeuer ihey be, we canne nat se by no waye ot reason that he hath deserued 
 dethe: forthe seasone that he niedled in these countreys by cessynge of tayles, sub- 
 sydyes, and aydes, and receyuynge of them, he dyd it at the instauce ol the duke of 
 Berrey, who had at that tyme there puyssaunce royall, as well as ye haue nowe; but 
 syr, acordynge to the desertes of his dedes ye maye sease into your handes all his moua- 
 bles and herytages, and leaue hym in the same case as the duke of Berrey founde liym 
 fyrste; and with his goodes make restytucion to suche poore men as be vndone by hym. 
 What shulde I make longe processe ? Betysache was at the poynle of his delyueraunce 
 
 3 M 2 ^^'^h 
 
452 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 with the losse of his goodes, tyll at the laste other tydynges came in place. I shall shewe 
 you what. 
 
 I knewe nat, nor I coulde nat knowe, but by knowledcryno; of himselfe, if he were 
 indede so yuell as he iudged himselfe ; he sayd he was an herytyke and had done many 
 horryble dedes : as it was shewed me there came some to hym on a nyght beynge in 
 prisone to put hym in feare, whether they were his frendes or fooes I knowe nat ; they 
 sayde : Betysach, thou art in a harde case : the french kyng, his brother, and the duke 
 of Burbone, dothe hate you mortally ; there be so many complayntes put vp agaynste 
 you fro dyuers places, of suche oppressyons as ye haue doone whan ye had rule in Lan- 
 guedoc, so that they all iudj^e you to be hanged, for ye canne nat scape with the losse 
 of your goodes, the whiche hath been offred to the kynge; but the kynge who hateth 
 you mortally, hath aunswered howe that all your goodes are his, and your body also, 
 the whiche he sayeth he wyll nat kepe longe ; I shew you this for good wyll, for to- 
 morowe it is thought ye shall be delyuered to be iudged to dye. Those wordes greatly 
 afrayed Betysach, and sayd to them : Ah, saynt Mary, is there no remedy ? Yes, 
 quod they, tomorowe, say how ye wolde speke with the kinges counsayle, and than 
 outher they wyll come to you, or sende for you to them, and whan ye be in their pre- 
 sence, than say thus: My lordes, I knowledge myselfe I haue greatly displeased god, 
 and for the displeasure he hath to me, this false slaunder is reysed on me. Than they 
 ■wyll demaunde of you wherin. Than ye shall aunswere, howe ye haue a longe season 
 arred in your faythe, and that ye be an herytyke, and kepe styll that opinyon. Whan 
 the bysshop of Besyers shall here that, he wyll than chalenge to haue you in his 
 kepynge ; than ye shall be delyuered to hym, for suche causes ought to be declared by 
 the lawe of the churche : thanne ye shall be sente to Auignon : there w yll be none 
 against the duke of Berrey : the pope wyll nat displease hym, and by this meanes ye may 
 be delyuered, and nother lese body nor goodes ; but if ye byde styll in the case that ye 
 be in, ye shall nat skape paste tomorowe, but that ye shall be hanged, for the kynge 
 hateth you bycause of the slaunder of the people. Betysache, who trusted on that false 
 infourmacyon, for lie that is in parell of delhe knoweth nat well what to do, wherfore 
 he aunswered and sayde : ye be my frende, and cousayle me truely, wherof god thanke 
 you, and I trust the tynie shall come that I shall thanke you. The next mornynge he 
 called the gayler, and sayde : Frende, I requyre you cause suche menne and suche to 
 come to speke with me ; and named suche as were the enquysitours ouer him. The 
 gayler shewed theym howe Betysache wolde speke with them. They came to hym and 
 demaunded what he wolde ? He aunswered and sayd : Sirs, I haue serched my 
 coscience ; I knowledge myselfe I haue hyghly displeased god, for longe tyme I haue 
 arred agaynst y fayth ; I neuer beleued of the Trinyte, nor that the sonne of god wolde 
 come so lowe as to come fro Heuen to come into this worlde to take humayn kynde of 
 a woman, for 1 beleue and saye, that whan we dye there is nothynge of the sowie. Ah, 
 sainte Mary, quod they: Betysach, ye are,§reatly against holy churche, your wordes 
 demaundeth for a fyre ; aduyse you better. I canne nat tell, quod Betysache, whether 
 my wordes demaudeth fyre or water, but I haue holden this opinyon sythe I haue had 
 knowledge, and shall holde it tyll I dye. The enquysitours wolde here no more of 
 hym at that tyme, and were gladde to fynde suche a mater against hym therby to put 
 him to deth. Than they comaunded the gailer to kepe him straytely, and to sufTre no 
 man to speke with hym, to the ent nte that he shulde nat be tourned fro that opynyon. 
 Thanne they wente to the kynges counsayle and shewed them all the mater: than they 
 wente to the kynge and shewed hym all the maner of Betysache, (as ye haue herde,) 
 wherof the kynge had great marueyle, and sayd : We wyll that he be put to dethe : it is 
 an yuell man, he is a false herytyke and a thefe ; we wyll he be brynte and hanged, than 
 
 he 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 453 
 
 he shall haue as he halh deserued: he shall nat be excused for all myne vncle of Berrey. 
 Anon these tydynges were spredde abrode in the cytie of Besyers, howe Betysache 
 hadde of his owne voluntary wyll, without any constraynt, confessed howe he was an 
 herytyke, and had vsed longe the synne of bowoery, and howe the kynge had sayde 
 howe he sliulde be brynte and hanged, wherof nioche people w ere right ioyouse, for he 
 was sore hated. The two knyghtes that were come thyder fro the duke of Berrey were 
 greatly abasshed, and wyst nat what to suppose. Than syr Peter Mesquyn* sayde 
 to the lorde of Nantouelet : Syr, I feare me Betysache is betrayed ; peraduenture some 
 persone hath ben with hym secretly in the prisone, and hathe borne hym in hande that 
 if he holde that horryble erroure, that the churche than shall chalenge hym, and so be 
 sente to Auignon to the pope, and therby be delyuered : Ah, fole that he is, he is dys- 
 ceyued, for the kyng sayetli he wyll haue hym bothe brenle and hanged ; letle vs go to 
 the prisone to hym and reforme hym, and bringe hym to another state, for he is farre 
 out of the waye and yuell counsayled : they wtnte strayte to the prisone, and desyred 
 the gayler that they might speke with Betysache. The gayler excused hymselfe and 
 sayde : Syrs, ye muste pardone me, for I am straytely charged to suffer no raanne to 
 speke with hym : and also here be four sargeauntes of armes sente by the kynge to kepe 
 hym, and we dare nat breke the kinges comaundement. Than the two knyghtes sawe 
 well howe they labored in vayne, and howe there was no remedy by all lykelyhode, but 
 that Betysache shulde dye ; than they retourned to their lodgynge and rekened and 
 payed, and toke their horses and retourned to their lorde the duke of Berrey, and 
 shewed hym all the case. 
 
 The coclusion of Betysach was suche, that the nexte daye aboute tenne of the clocke 
 he was taken out of prysone, and brought to the bysshoppes palays, and there were redy 
 the iudges and offycers spyrituall; and the bayly of Besyers brought forthe the prisoner, 
 and sayde : Beholde syrs, here is Betisache, Avhome I delyuer to you for an herytyke, 
 and a synner in bowgery, and if he had nat ben a clerke, he had been iudged or this 
 acordynge to his desertes. Than the offycyall demauded of Betysach if it were with 
 hym acordynge as he was acused, and to confesse the trouth there openly before all the 
 people. And Betysache, who thought to haue said well, and to haue scaped by reason 
 of his confessyon, he aunswered and sayde, that all was trewe. He was demaunded 
 this thre tymes, and at euery tyme he confessed it to be trewe before all the people. 
 Thus ye maye knowe whether lie was dysceyued or nat, for if he had made no suche 
 confessyon he had been delyuered: for the duke of Berrey had fully auowed all his 
 dedes, the whiche he had doone at his commaundemente in the countrey of Languedoc ; 
 but it was to be supposed that fortune played her tourne with hym, for whanne he 
 thought to haue been moste assuredest on the heyght of fortunes whele, he was tourned 
 vp so downe fro her whele, as she hathe doone a hundred thousande mo sythe the 
 worlde began. Than Betysach was delyuered agayne by the spirytuall iudge to the 
 bayly of Besyers, who vnder the kinge ruled the temperalte, the whiche Betysache 
 withoat delaye was brought to a place before the palays ; he was so hasted forwarde that 
 he had no leysure to aunswere nor to saye nay, for whan he sawe a fyre redy prepared 
 iny place, and sawe that he was in the handes of the hangman, he was sore abasshed, 
 and sawe well than that he was dysceyued and betrayed : than he cryed out aloude, re- 
 quirynge to be herde ; but than was no hede taken to his sayenge, but the hangeman 
 sayde :" it is ordeyned that ye shall dye, for your yuell warkes hathe brought you to 
 an yuell ende. He was hasted forwarde to his dethe, andthe fyre made redy : there was 
 also reysed a pay re of galowes, and therto tyed a chayne of yron, and at the ende therof 
 a coler of yron, the whiche was put aboute his necke, and than the chaine drawen vp a 
 
 hye, 
 
 * Mespiru 
 
454 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 hye, and tyed rounde aboute the g,alowes: tlian he cryed and sayde, Duke of Berrey, 
 they cause me to dye vvitliout reason; they do nie wionjie. As soiie as he was tyed to 
 the galows, there was selte rounde aboule drye sei^we, rede, and lawoites, and I'yre put 
 therto, and incontynente the laigotles wereaFyre: thus Betysuche was hanged and hrcnte, 
 and the frenche kync, out of liis chaumhre mytrht well se hyni if lie wolde. To this 
 poore ende came Betysache, and so the people were reuenjjed of hvm ; and for to saye 
 the trouthe, lie had doone many extorcions and domages to the people whyle he had the 
 gouernynge of the countrey of Languedoc. 
 
 Howe the frenche ki/nge beynge at Tholome sente for the erle of Foiz, who came 
 thi/der and dyd homage to the kynge for the counlie of Foiz. 
 
 CAP. CLXIIII." 
 
 AFTER this cruell iustyce the french kyng taryed nat longe after at Besiers, but 
 departed and toke the way to Carcassone ; and always sithe his departure fro Auyg- 
 non, his marshall, sir Loys of Xancere, rode in his company. The kynge rode so longe 
 by his iourneys, that he vysited the countreys and kepte nat the right hyghe wayes : he 
 was at Cabestan, at Narbone, at Lymous, at Mounte Royall, and at Fougaux, and 
 than he retourned to Carcassone, and there taryed foure dayes : than he rode and 
 passed Vyie Franca, Auygnollet, and Mongiscarte, and so came to Tholouse; and the 
 burgesses there, who greatly desyred to se the kynge, receyued hym ioyfully, and mette 
 the kyng without the towne, all in a lyuery, antl so with greate solempnyte he was 
 brought to the castell of Thoulouse. They of the cytie gaue the kinge many fayre pre- 
 sentes, wherwith the kynge was greatly reioysed. Whan the kynge had been there thre 
 dayes, than he was counsayled to sende for the erle of Foiz, who was come out of 
 Byerne into the countie of Foiz, and was in the towne of Masiers,^ four leages fro 
 Thoulouse, for he knew of the kinges state and ordynauce. The marshall of Frauce 
 and the lorde de la Ryuer were apoynted to go for the erle of Foize. They departed 
 on a wednysday, and laye at a cytie in Thoulosyn, called Jordayn, and the next day 
 they came to Nasyers.'' The erle of Foiz, who knevve well of their comynge, receyued 
 theym nobly for the lone of the Kynge, and also he knewe the lordes well, he had sene 
 them before. Syr Loys of Xancere had the wordes, and said, Syr, my lorde of Foiz, the 
 kynge our soueraygne lorde hath sente vs to you, comaundyng you to come to se hym 
 at Thoulouse, or els he wyll traueyle so farre that he wyll come and se you in your owne 
 countrey, for he greatly desyrelh to se you. The erle of Foyze aunswered and sayd, 
 Syr Loys, 1 wolde nat the kynge had so great traueyle to me ; it is more mete I haue it 
 for hym; wherfore, if it please you, ye shall shewe hym that I shall be at Tholouse 
 ■within foure dayes. That is well sayde, syr, quod they; we shall returne and shewe 
 him these tydynges fro you. So be it, quod he; howebeit, ye shall abyde here all this 
 daye and refresshe yourselfes, and to moroM'e ye shall departe : they obeyed and taryed 
 that daye and the nyght at their pleasure ; and the erle deuysed with theym sagely and 
 craftely, for he was a man, by reason of his fayre langage, to drawe out by one meanes 
 or other the secretes of ons herte : the nexte daye they toke leaue eche of other, and 
 rode so long that the same day they came to Tholouse, and founde the kinge playenge 
 at chesse with his vncle the duke of Burbone. Than the kynge deniaunded of them 
 alowde and s.iyde, Syrs, hone saye you ? wyll the erle come or no ? Yes, sir, quod the 
 lorde de la Ryuer, he hath get affection to se your grace ; he wyll be here -with you 
 
 within 
 
 • This chapter ought to be numbered CLX, ' Mazeres. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 455 
 
 within these foure dayes. Well, quod the kynge, and we wyll gladly se hym. The 
 two knightes departed fro the kynge, and lelte hym playeng and went to their supper 
 and to reste them, for they had rydden that daye a great iourney. The erle of Foiz, 
 who was at Nasyers,° remembred well the voyage that he had to do: he made hym redy, 
 and sente before to Tholous for his prouisyon acordingly: he had sent into Bierne for 
 knightes and squiers, for mo than two hundred, to serue and to accompany hym that 
 voiage. 
 
 The daye that the erle of Foiz had apoynted, he entred into the cytie of Tholous with 
 mo than syxe hundred horses, and well acompanyed with knyghtes and squyers: there 
 was with hym Bonuquell and sir Joha his brother, sir Roger of Spaygne his cosyn, the 
 lorde of Courase, y lorde of Valetyne, the lorde of quare, the lorde of Baruge, sir Es- 
 paygne du Lyon, the lorde of Roquepayre, the lorde of Lane, the lorde of Besache, the 
 lorde of Perle, sir Peter of Cabestayne, sir Monaunt of Nonalles,'' sir Richarde de la 
 Mecte,'= sir Arnolde of saynt Basyll, and dyuers other; sir Peter of Byerne and sir 
 Arnolde his two bretherne, and his two bastarde sonnes, sir Jobbayne'' and sir Gracyen 
 of Foiz. The entencion of the erle was to enherite those two his sonnes into the moost 
 parte of all the lande of Bierne, of the whiche lande he myght do therwith at his plea- 
 sure, for he helde it frake and free, holdynge of no man but of Godde. Thus the erle 
 toke his lodgynge at the Freers preachers ; there he kept his house, and his men lay as 
 nere there about as myght be. The burgesses of Tholous made him great chere, for 
 they loued him well, for alwayes he had been their good neyghbour, curtesse and tret- 
 able, for he neuer suffred any of his copany to do them any displeasure nor vyolece, 
 wherfore they loued hym moche the better: they gaue him many fayre presentes of 
 wyne and other thynges, so that he was well contente: he entred into Tholous whan it 
 was nere nyght ; the nexte daye, about ten of the clocke, he toke his horse, and suche 
 other of his company as pleased hym, mo than two hundred knyghtes and squyers men 
 of honour; and in that estate he rode along through the stretes to the castell where the 
 kynge was; than he alyghted in the fyrst court entryng into the castell ; than the erle 
 moiited vp the greces into the great hall ; the freche kyng was come out of his chann- 
 bre into the hall, and there taryed for the Erie, and had gre:!t desyre to se hym, for his 
 great valure and renome that ran on hym. Therle of Foiz, who was a goodly prince 
 and of a formall stature, beare heeded entred into the hall ; and whan he sawe the kynge 
 and other lordes of France, the kynges brother and his vncle, he made his reuerence to 
 the kyng and to none other, and kneled downe on his one knee; than he arose and 
 passed iorthe, and at the thirde tyme he kneled nere to the kynge. The kyng toke 
 hym by the hande and enbrased him, and toke hym vp and sayde: Erie of Foiz, my 
 fayre cosyn, ye be right welcome ; your comyng gre.-.llye reioyceth vs. Sir, quod the 
 erle, I thake your grace that it please you to say so. There the kynge and the Erie 
 talked toguyder, the whiche wordes 1 herde nat all; thane the kynge went to dyner: at 
 the kynges table at the vpper ende sate tharchebysshop of Tholous, than the kynge 
 and his vncle the duke of Bui bone, than nexte the erle of Foiz, than sir John of Bur- 
 bone erle of Marche and of Vandone ;^ at that table sate no mo : at the seconde table 
 satte sir Johan de la Brethe* erle of Harcourte, sir Philyppe of Bare, and foure knightes 
 of the erle of Foiz: and at another table there sate the marshall sir Loyes of sanxere, 
 sir Roger of Spayne, and eyght other knightes of the erles. This was a great ^yner 
 and well stuJBTed of all thynges ; and after dyner and grace s.ayd, they toke other pas- 
 tymes in a great chabre, and heryng of instrumentes, wherin the erle of Foiz greatly de- 
 lyted ; thane wyne and spyces was brought: the erle of Harecourt serued the kynge of 
 
 • Mazeref. ' " Nouailles. ' La MoUe. * Evan.— Jo/i««. ' Vendome. 
 
 ' D'Albiet. 
 
456 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 his spyce plate, and sir Gerrarde de la pyer senied the duke of Biirbone, and sir Mon- 
 naunt of Nonnalie^^ serued tlieeileoF Foiz. Tims about four of tlie clocke tlie erie 
 ooke leauc of tlie kyiig and n(" tlie other iordes ; he issued out of the hall, and in the 
 courte were liis Iiorses redy and his men : the erIe uioiJted, and all suche as accompa- 
 nyed hym, and soretourned to his lod^vn^^^c. and was well contente with the chere that 
 hadde ben made to hym and his, and praysed it moche to his knightes. 
 
 Thus bytwene the Frenche Kynge and the Erie Gascoyne of Foize beyngeat Tholous, 
 there was dyuers treaties and apoyntmentes of loue, and the marshal 1 of Fraunce and 
 the lorde de la R^'uer dyde their payne to helpe it forwarde. The erle of Foiz made a 
 dyner to the duke of thourayne and to the duke of Burbone, to therle de la Marche, and 
 to other great Lordes of Fraunce : this dyner was great and sumptuous, and syttyng at 
 the tables mo than ii. hundred knightes ; and or the dyner was fullye ended, the Frenche 
 kyng, who had dyned in the castell, and with hym sir Charles de la Brethe'' and sir 
 Philyppe of Bare, and his two cosyn germayns, than the kyng sayde. Go we thyder; 
 and so he dyde but with xii. in his company. The erle of Foiz was greatlye reioysed in 
 that it pleased the kyng to coe to his lodgyaig, and so was all the company. There was 
 sporte after dyner of wrestlyng and castynge the barre, the stone, and the darte, bytwene 
 the Frenchemen and the Gascoyns : thus they passed the tyme tyll it was nere hande 
 nyght; than the kynge and the other lordes retourned. The erle of Foiz gaue the 
 same daye to the kynges knightes and squyers, and to y duke of Thourayne and to the 
 duke of Burbone, mo tlia threscore coursers, palfrayes and mulettes, all with whyte 
 sadels redy drest to apoynt; also he gaue to the kynges mynstrelles and other two hun- 
 dred crovvnes of golde, and to the heraudes and oflycers of armes other two hundred 
 crownes ; so that euery man praysed the larges of the erle of Foiz. The fourthe daye 
 after, the erle came to the kynges palais, well acompanyed with lordes and knyghtes of 
 Byerne and of Foiz, to se the kynge and to do as he was requyred ; that is to saye, to do 
 his homage for the countie of Foiz, with the appendauntes, reseruyng the lande of 
 Bierne. Before that secretely there had been great treaties bytwene the kynge and the 
 erle of Foiz, by meanes of the lorde de la Ryuer and sir Johan Mercier, and the 
 bysshoppe of Noyon, who was newly come thyder fro Auygnon. It was sayd, that the 
 erle desyred of y kyng that his sonne Jobbayne' of Foiz myght after the erles discease 
 enheryte the countie of Foiz ; by that, the erle, whansoeuer he dyed, shulde leaue to 
 the kyng a hiidred thousande frankes in money ; and sir Gasyon his brother to haue the 
 lande of Ayre in Bierne with the cytie and the Mounte of Marcen, and all other landes 
 that the Erie of Foiz hadde bought in Bierne shulde retourne to the herytauce of the 
 vycount of Castyllon :'' these assygnementes were in debate and in dyfference bytwene 
 the erle and the barones and knightes of his countrey. Some sayde he coude nat do 
 thus with a general consent of all Byerne and Foize ; and bycause that the meane ho- 
 mage of the countie of Foize was dewe to the Frenche kyng, therfore the kyng sayde to 
 the Erie and to the barons of Foiz : Sirs, I holde in my handes the homage of the lande 
 of Foiz ; and if it be so in our dayes that the lande of Foiz be vacant by the dethe of our 
 cosyn the erle of Foiz, than we shall so determyne and apoynt, by the aduise of good 
 counsayle, that Jobbayns"" of Foiz, and all other men of the coutie of Foiz, shall holde the 
 content. Those wordes well cotented therle of Foiz, and the other lordes and knyghtes 
 of Foiz that were there present: these ordynaunces written and sealed, the erle toke his 
 leaue of the kynge and of all other great lordes; but that daye he dyned with the kyng 
 and than went to his lodgyng: the nexte day he departed fro Tholous, and lefte his fur- 
 riers^ behynde hym to paye for euery thyng. The erle passed the ryuer of Gyronde 
 by y bridge of Tholous, and retourned into his countrey by the mount of Marsen, and 
 
 so 
 
 ' Nouailles. ? D'Albret. ' Evan. " Chateau-bon. ' Purveyors. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 457 
 
 50 to Ortayes. Than he gaue leaue to euery man to departe, sauyng his ordynarye. It 
 Avas shewed me, and 1 beleue it well, that the comynge of the fienche kyng into Lague- 
 docke, into Tholous, and into those marchesse, cost the erle of Foize more than thre- 
 score thousande frankes. The erle was so lyberall, that whatsoeuer k cost hym he 
 payde it wyllyngly. 
 
 Of the feate and couenannt that mis don hijtiuene the kyng and the duke of Thourayn 
 Ids brother, wh'iche of them shulde sonest come to pari/s fro Moutpelhjer, rvhiche is 
 a hudred and fi/ftie leages asondre, eche of them but with one kni/ghl. 
 
 CAP. CLXV/ 
 
 THE Frenche kynge being at Tholous, he ordred all his businesse, and remoued and 
 renewed seneschales and officers, and reformed the countrey into good estate, so that 
 euery ma was well contented ; and on a day tlie kyng (present his brother, his vncle ol 
 Burbone, and the lordes of France and Gascoyne, to thentent to liaue a perpetuall me- 
 morie) gaue to his cosyn germayne, sir Charles de la Brethe,'' for the augmentacion of 
 his honour, two quarters of armes of Frauce, with floure delyces: for afore y lordes de la 
 Brethe" bare alwayes in their amies a felde of goules playne without any other thyng; 
 nowe they be quartred with the armes of Frauce, whiche thyng the lorde de la Brethe 
 toke for a great gyfte ; whiche lorde made the same daye a great dyner, Avhiche cost hym 
 more than a thousande frankes ; and he gaue to heraudes and mynstrels ii. hundred 
 frankes. Anone after, it was ordayned that The kyng shulde departe fro Thoulous to re- 
 tourne into Fraunce : euery man made hym redy and toke leaue of the kynge, the bysshop 
 of Tholous, the seneschall, and the burgesses, and lordes and damoselles of the towne: 
 the kynge departed and rode that nyght to the newe castell of Alroy, and so forvvarde 
 euery daye, so that he came to Moiitpellyer, where he was ioyfuUy receyued, and there 
 taryed thre dayes, for the ladyes and damosels there pleased hym moche. Than he 
 had gret desyre to returne to Paris to se the quene: on a daye as he comuned in sporte 
 with his brother of Thourayne, he sayd, Fayre brother, I wolde that you and I were at 
 Paris, and all our estate here styll as it is, for I haue great desyre to se the quene and 
 your' fayre suster of Thourayne. Than the duke sayde. Sir, we can nat be there with 
 wysshing; it is a fane iourney hens. That is true, quod the kyng; yet I thynke I 
 might be soone there, and I wolde. Ye, quod the duke, with helpe of good horses ; for 
 so coude I be, but my horse must beare me. Well, quod the kyng, laye a wager you 
 and I who shall be there sonest. I am content, quod the duke ; for he was euer redy to 
 ■vvyn money of the kyng. The M-ager was layde bitwene y kynge and the duke, that 
 whosoeuer of the twayne came sonest to Paris shulde wyn fyue thousande frakes of 
 other, and to departe the nexte day all at one hour, and eche of them to take but one 
 knight or seruaut with them: there was no man that durst breke their wager; y nexte 
 day they departed as it was ordayned : the lorde of Garaciers rode with the kyng, and 
 the lorde of Viefuyll was with the duke of Thourayn. Thus these four rode night and 
 day, lyke yong lusty galates ; they chauged many horses; thus they rode ni post: y 
 duke of burbone retourned by Puy in Auuergne, and rode to se his grautfather by the 
 way, therle Dolphyn of Auergne, and the countesse and their chyldren, of who there 
 were to the nobre of eight, what sones what doughters, all bretheriie and susters to y 
 duches of Burbone his wyfe : but that was by reason of two maryages. Thus the frenche 
 Vol. II. 3N l^yng 
 
 ' This chapter ought to be numbered CLXI. '' D'Albret. " " And you, my fair sister-in-law 
 
 of Tourayne. 
 
458 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 kyng and his brother the duke of Thourayne rode in great hast, eche of the to wyn the 
 wager. Cosyder well the great payne of these two great and riche lordes: youthe and 
 lybertie of corage made the to do that enterprice: their estates abode behynde. The 
 frenche kynge made it foure dayes and a halfe or he came to Paris, and the duke of 
 Thourayne no more but four dayes and a quarter of a day, they folowed eche other so 
 nere : y duke wan the wager, by reason y the frenche kynge rested himself about viii. 
 of y clocke at Trois in Chapayne, and the duke toke a barge in y ryuer of Seyne, and 
 went alonge the ryuer to Melyn :' and there toke his horse and rode so tyll he came to 
 Paris, and so wente to saynt Poule to the queue and to his wyfe, and demaunded tidinges 
 of the kyng, for he wyst nat wheder he were come or nat ; and whan he knewe y the 
 king was nat come he was ioyfull, and said to the queue: Madame, ye shall shortly here 
 tidynges of y kyng. He sayd trouthe, for the kyng cae soone after. Whan the duke 
 of thourayn herde that the kyng was come, he went and met hym, and sayd, sir, I haue 
 won my wager ; let me be payd. It is reason, quod the kyng, and so ye shall. There 
 they shewed before y ladies all their iorney, and how y in four dayes and a halfe they 
 were coe fro Mountpellier to Paris, whiche was a C.l. leages asondre. The ladyes 
 tourned all the mater to sporte and laughing, but they well iuged that they had en- 
 dured moche payne : and iuged that youthe and corage of herte caused the to do it : and 
 the duke of thourayn was truely payd for his wager. 
 
 Of the delhe of pope Vrhayne of Rome, called the Antepape ; and howe pope Clement 
 wrote to the Frenche kyng and to his vncles, and to the vniuersite ; and of the elec- 
 tion of pope Boniface by the cardinalles of Ro7)ie. 
 
 CAP. CLXVI." 
 
 ABOUT the sayd season dyed at Rhome pope Vrbane the vi: the romayns were 
 sore displeased with his dethe, for he was well beloued: he was buryed in the churche 
 of saynt Peter, and after his obsequy done well and reueretly, than the cardynalles 
 went into the conclaue to chuse a newe pope, and so they dyde, or that pope Clement 
 knewe therof in Auynon, for it was ten dayes past or they knewe it: and assone as pope 
 Clement and his cardynalles knewe therof, they assembled togyder at the popes palays, 
 and had great comunycacion toguyder, and were in great hope that the busynesse of the 
 churche shulde leue and be concluded, and to come to a full vnyon, for the errour had 
 longe endured: they thought that the cardynals at Rome shulde nat agre so soone to 
 entre into conclaue, but rather to submitte themselfe to pope Clemet at Auignon ; they 
 sent also worde to the freche kyng of y dethe of Vrban, called the ante-pape, and de- 
 syred hym (the soner to come to their purpose) that he wolde write to his cosyns the 
 kynge of Ahnayne'' and the kynge of Hungy,** to therle of Vertues, and to the duke of 
 Austrych,'' who had euer holden with pope vrbane, that they shulde nowe cease, and 
 helpe to make rest and peace in y churche : and to shewe them by his letters that in our 
 faythe there ought to be no varyacion : for as there is but one god in heuyn, so ther 
 ought to be but one god in erthe. The same season y duke of burgoyne was with the 
 kyng at Parys, to who pope Clement and the cardynals wrote in lyke maner : than the 
 kyng shewed hisvncle these newes, and was right ioyfull, and saide : Fayre vncle, we 
 haue had gret desyre to go w great puissance to Rome to distroy thenfidels ; but as nowe 
 our iourney is well shorted, lor Vrbane the antepape is deed, as Clement hath written 
 
 to 
 
 ' Melun. '' This chapter ought to be numbered CLXII. ' Germany. "* Hungary. 
 
 "^ Austria. 
 
 'yj 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 459 
 
 lo vs : and he thynketh that the cardynals wyll nat entre into coclaue to chuse any 
 newe pope, but rather to come to Auignon and to submyt theselfes vnder pope Clemet ; 
 and we are desyred by hym and by the cardynals at Auignon, for the more suretie, to 
 write pleasaut letters to our cosins y kyng of Almayne' and to his brother the kyng of 
 Hugry, and to y erle Vertues and to y duke of Austriche.'' What cousayle wyll ye gyue 
 me to do ? The duke of Burgoyne sayd, Sir, trewe it is pope Vrbane is deed, but as yet 
 we knowe nothynge of the state of the cardynals at Rome, nor of the Romayns, nor 
 whether they wyll kepe their olde opinyon or nat : I feare it wyll be harde for them to 
 leaue it, for the Romayns are maysters ouer the cardynalles: by force they made them 
 to chuse the archebysshoppe of Bare, and made hym pope, and so maynteyned hym to 
 thende ; and so if nowe by perforce they cause the cardynalles to entre into conclaue, 
 and to chuse a Pope at their pleasure ; wherfore, sir, ye shall nat nede to entre so farre 
 into the mater, as to desyre them that wyll do but lytell for you, as they haue shewed 
 yet hydervnto. Suffre, sir, tyll ye here other newes: and paraduenture it maye so be 
 that the cardynalles at Rome shall nat be all of one accorde, and paradueture wyll dis- 
 symule with the Romayns, and chuse none other pope but Clement ; and to apease their 
 furour, to promyse them to cause Clement to come to Rome, whiche he wyll do right 
 gladlye on that condycion ; and if the mater go so, than shall it be tyme for you to write 
 to all y princes cristned that are of the opinyon cotrarye to you, in the best maner ye 
 canne to auoyde the Scisme, and to bring the churche to an vnyon and peace, as by 
 reason euery man ou2;ht to do ; but as yet ye be nat sure howe the mater gothe ; it is 
 best ye abyde the aduEture therof ; it shall nat be longe or we here other tidynges. 
 
 Whan the duke of Burgoyne haddesayde these wordes to the kyng and to his coii- 
 saile, there was none that spake contrarye therto. The kynge thought his wordes were 
 resonable, and sayd, Fayre vncle, we beleue it is good reason that ye saye : ye se more 
 clerer in the mater tha we do; and as for the busynesse of the Churche, we wyll do no- 
 thynge therin but by youre counsayle and aduyse : thus they cessed of that comunyca- 
 cion. Great murmuracyon there was amonge the clerkes of the Vniuersite of those 
 tydinges, wherby they cessed to rede or to studye, and entended to nothynge but to 
 herken and to knowe howe the Cardynalles of Rome maynteyned themselfe ; wheder 
 they wolde electe a newe pope, or els to retourne to the pope at Auignon. They dyde 
 cast many doughtes, and argued one with another: they knewe well howe Clement had 
 written to the kynge, and to the duke of Thourayne, and to the duke of Burgoyne, and 
 to the kynges counsayle -, in lykewise letters Avere written generally to the vnyuersite, y 
 they shulde conclude to an vnyuersall peace in the churche: thus the clerkes deuysed 
 amonge themselfe, and suche as wolde the aduauncement of Clement sayde : Nowe it is 
 tyme that the kyng and the lordes of Frauce write to the great princes of Christendome, 
 as to the kynge of Almaygne,' the kynge of Hungry, the lorde of Myllayne, and to the 
 duke of Austryche," and to suche other as are of our opynion, to thententy they shulde 
 retourne to the same state : suche writyng maye moche aueyle. In thre dayes, thre 
 tymes the notable clerkes of the vniuersyte of Parys assembled togyder, and at last came 
 to saynt Poules to speke with the kyng and his coijsayle, to desyre hym to set to his 
 hande to oppresse the Cysme of the churche, and to entende to the ordynauce of pope 
 Clement, who had humbly written to hym; but whan they cae to saint Poules they 
 were nat answered : the kynge dissymuled the mater with the, so that they were yuell 
 cotent: finally, the kyng contented the : sayeng howe shortely they shulde here other 
 newes ; and so they dyd, for the cardinals of Rome entred into the coclaue and made a 
 newe pope, the cardynall of Naples, a noble and a valyant clerke ; he was called Bony- 
 face. Whan the Frenche kyng and his cousayle herde therof they were pensyue, for 
 
 2 ]\' 2 than 
 
 " Germany. " Austria. 
 
460 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 than they well ymagined howe that y cysme was lykely to endure longe. Than the 
 duke of Burgoyne sayde to the kyng, Sir, nowe regarde wheder your writynges hadde 
 nat ben loste or no: it is nowe fallen, as I savd. Fayre vncie, quod the kyng, ye save 
 trouthe. Thane graces were opyned to all clerkes at Rome by Bonyface, and all pro- 
 myses certifyed there, of suche as were vnder his obeysauce ; and suche as vvoldereceyue 
 suche graces wente towardes Rome; and whan they approciied the marchesse of Dan- 
 conne," they rode in great paryll, for sir Bernarde do la Salle, who kepte the fronters 
 there, and made warre to the Romains in the quareli of pope Clement, toke suche clerkes 
 as paste by, and dyde them moche trouble, and many slayne and loste. 
 
 Nowe lette vs leaue spekynge of these popes, and tourne to oiher maters. 
 
 Of the yeldyng vp and lakyyig of the slronge castell of Vanchadore° in Lymosyn^ of 
 olde parteyning to syr Geffray Tele J\''oyyc. 
 
 CAP. CLXVTI.^ 
 
 YE haue herde here before howe sir Geffray Tete Noyre, who had ben longe capi- 
 tayne of the castell of Vanchadore'' in Lymosyn, raigned valiauntly : and howe he helde 
 his^fortresse agaynst all men as longe as he lyued, and in his lyfe dayes had patesed the 
 coutrey more than xxx. myle long about hym ; also ye haue herde howe he dyed, and 
 by what incydence: and howe on his dethe bedde he ordayned his ii. nephues, Alayne 
 Roux and Peter Roux, to be capitayns of that castell of Vachadore" after his dethe, and 
 caused in his presence all the companyons of that garison to swere faythe, trouthe, and 
 homage, seruyce and trewe obeysaunce to the sayd two capitayns: and after y dethe of 
 this Geffraye Tete Noyre, these two bretherne raigned there a certayne space, and held 
 alwayes the coutrey in warre and in composycion of patesyng ; and bycause that castell 
 parteyned to the herytage of the duke of Berrey (for he had bought it of the erle of 
 Moutpensyer, and his sonne Johan of Berey bare his name therby), therefore the duke 
 was sore displeased that it was out of his handes, but he coude nat amende it: yet he 
 had layd siege therto dyuers tymes by bastides and none olherwyse ; but they within 
 sette lytell therby, for they wolde issue out and ryde abrode in y countrey at their 
 pleasure. This Alayne nor Peter wolde in no wyse obey any peace or truce that was 
 taken bytwene Englade and Fraunce. They sayde they were nat bouude to obey, but 
 wolde make warre at their pleasure: wherby the countreisof Auuergne and Lymosyn 
 were sore traueyled : and the duke of Berrey, to resyst them, caused sir Wyllyam 
 Butler, a gentyll knyght of Auuergne, and sir Johan Boesme Launce,"^ and sir Loyes 
 Dabier, with dyuers other knyghtes and squyers of Auuergne and Lymosyn, to laye 
 siege by bastydes to the castell of Vanchadore,"' and laye there at the cost of the coun- 
 trey: there they laye a longe season. 
 
 So it fell the same season as it was shewed me: Alayn and Peter Roux toke their ad- 
 uyce toguyder, and deuysed to attrappe and to take by crafte sir Wyllyam Butler and 
 sir Johan Boesme Launce,' who hadde done them dyuers displeasures : these two bre- 
 therne ymagined bytwene the, and sayde one to another, howe they wolde secretely say 
 howe they wolde yelde vp their fortresse for a certayne some of floreyns : and to say 
 faowe they are wery and wyll kepe the garison no lengar, but to retourne into their 
 owne countreis ; to the whiche deuyse, they sayde, surely the duke of Berrey wyll 
 
 gladly 
 
 ' Ancona. >- Ventadour. " This chapter ought to be numbered CLXIII. 
 
 * Bonno-lancc. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 4GI 
 
 cladly leane vnto: also they deuysed to demaunde no more but tenne thousande frakes, 
 bycause that somme my«ht scone be made ; and also they sayde they wolde haue agayne 
 their money and the two knyghtes also prisoners, by reason of a busslunent that they 
 wolde laye in a great towre. Beholde nowe what a Iblisshe ymaginacion these two 
 Bretons were oC to betray these two knyghtes, and to liaiic their money: if" any iuell 
 came to them iherby, it ought nat to'be coplayned. Vpoii this determynacion tliey pulte 
 out of the castell one of tlieir varieties, and sayde to hyin : Go thy wave to the Freche 
 bastydes, and suH're them to take the ; tha requyre to be brought to sir Wyllyam Butler 
 and to sir Johan Boesme Launce f than delyuer them this letter fro vs, and demaunde 
 for an answere, for the mater toncheth vs and them also greatly. The varlet sayd it 
 shulde be done, for he thought none yuell : and so weiit lo the Frenche bastides ; and 
 whan he came nere to the bastydes he was demanded what he wolde: he answered and 
 sayd he wolde gladly speke with sir Wyllyam Buller or with sir Joiian Boesme Lauce.' 
 He was brought to them, for as than they were tuguyder : whan he sawe them, he made 
 his reuerence aTid drewe them aparte, and delyuered to them the letter that Alayne and 
 Peter Roux tiad sente them. Of that tydinges they had great marueyle, and so toke the 
 letter and reed it, and therin they founde how that Alayne and Peter Roux wolde speke 
 Avith them for their profile. Wlian they herde that, they had more marueyle thane 
 they had before, and douted of trayson ; howebeit, they sent them worde, that if they 
 wolde come out of the castell, and speke with them without, they wolde assure ihem to 
 entre agayne into their fortresse without daunger or trouble. This was the answere y 
 the varlet brought to their maister. Thanne Alayne and Peter roux said, we thynke 
 we may be sure ynough by these wordes, sythe their faythes and scales be at the writ- 
 yng ; they are true knyghtes, and also we shall speke with them for a treatie, whervnto 
 Ave thynke they wyll gladly entende. The nexte mornynge they opynned a.wycket 
 ioynyng to the gate, and aueyled downe a planche horde hangyng by two chaynes, and 
 issued out and stode on the planche. Than sir Wyllyam Butler and sir Johan Boesme 
 Lauce" came thyder and lyghted of their horses, and made their menne to drawe abacke. 
 Than the two capitayns Avithin said, Sirs: may we surely come out and speke with you? 
 Ye, surely, quod the knyghtes: shall we be as sure agayne of your parte without tray- 
 son ? Ye, sir, surely, quod they, without doute. Than Alayne and Peter Roux passed 
 the bridge and came to the ; so they four were toguyder without other company. Than 
 the tAvo Frenche knightes said. Sirs, howe saye you? Avhat comunycacion wyll ye haue 
 with vs ? are ye in mynde to yelde vp your Castell to vs ? Ye, truely, sirs, quod thcA', 
 on a condycion : and that is, to gyne vs ten thousande frakes for y prouisyons that is in 
 the castell, for we are Avery of y warre ; Ave wolde drawe into Bretayne. These two 
 knyghtes Avere ryght gladde of those Avordes, and sayd, Ah, ye speke to vs of marchan- 
 dyse, and we shall here you gladly ; but as noAve Ave haue nat here the money redy : avc 
 shall prouyde for it. Well, sirs, quod they of Vanchador,'' Avhan ye are redy gyue vs 
 knowledge, and Ave shall kepe couenaunt: but, sirs, kepe this mater secretly and sagely, 
 for if it were knowen amonge mvaie OAvne company, they wolde take vs perforce and 
 slee vs ; than shulde bothe you and 1 fayle of our ententes. Syr, quod they, dought 
 nat therof ; Ave shall so conuey the mater j ye shall take no domage. TherAvith they 
 departed one fro another : the bretons entred into Vanchador," and the frenche knyghtes 
 retourned to their bastydes. 
 
 Sir Willyam Butler and syr Johan Boesme lauce'' in this mater thought nothynge but 
 good, supposynge that the bretons wolde nat dysceyue theym, as to haue their money 
 and to betraye them also: incontynente they Avrote to the duke of Berrey, who Avas as 
 
 . . ■ ' than 
 
 ' Bonne-lance. '' Ventailour: 
 
462 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 than at Ryon in Auuergne : they sent with the letter a gentleman named Guyomell of 
 saynte Wydall, and infourmed liym of all the mater, thynkyng howe it shulde be ioy- 
 ouse tydynges to the duke, for he greatly desyred to haue that castell. This squyer 
 tooke the letter and departed fro the bastydes, and rode so longe through Lymosyn and 
 Auuergne that he came to Ryon, and there he founde the duke of Berrey, and delyuered 
 hym his letters fro the two knyghles. The duke reed the letters, and whan he had 
 well vnderstande the contentes therof the duke was gladde : and anone after the duke 
 called his counsayle and his treasourers, and said, Sirs, beholde here is newe tydynges; 
 our knyghtes that kepeth the bastydes before Vanchadoi" haue written to vs that they 
 are in certayne trealie with the capytayns within the castell: they oHer to yeld vp the 
 fortresse for the some of tenne thousande frankes: that is no great some, for euery yere 
 it coste them of Lymosyn and of Auuergne ta kepe warre against them more than thre- 
 scorc thousande frankes : we wyll accepte their offre betymes, leste they repente them 
 herafter; therfore, my treasourers, make vp the some of tenne thousande frankes; we 
 wyll lende them to the countrey, and whan I am in possession of the castell, I wyll 
 rayse a tayle in Lymosyn and in the fronters, whiche were vnder their patesynge ; they 
 shall pay me the double. Sir, quod the treasourers, it shall be made redy within these 
 fyue or syxe dayes. Well, quod the duke, I am contente. Tlius that matter was con- 
 cluded. The tresourers made redy the money in crownes of the sonne, and put it into 
 foure cofers. The same daye that the money shulde haue been sente, there came to 
 Ryon to the duke of Beney the Dolphyn of Auuergne- and the lorde of Reneyll, for 
 certayne maters touchynge themselfe : they were welcome to the duke, and the duke was 
 so ioyfull of the treatie for Vanchador,^ that he coude nat kepe it secrete, but shewed to 
 these two knightes the letters sente to hym fro syr Willyam Butler and syr Johan 
 Boesme Launce.'' Whan they herde it they studyed a lytell: than the duke sayde, syr, 
 wheron do ye muse ? se you any suspectiousness in this mater ? I pray you shewe me or 
 I sende the money. Syr, quod the erle Dolphyn, ye know well howe therle of Army- 
 nake and I were ordeyned to by and to gette agayne as many fortresses as we coude in 
 the coutreys of Auuergne, Carnesyn,"^ Rouergue, and Lymosyn: with dyuers we made 
 treatyes, but for all y euer we coulde do, we coulde neuer brynge them of Vanchador" to 
 herkyn or to leane to any maner of treatie, nother to gyue it vp nor to selle it: whan 
 we spake therof they wolde skante make vs an aunswere ; and syr, I knowe if they nowe 
 Wyll make this treatie with you,' it is nat for defaute of vitayles, for if none came to 
 theym this eyght yere, yet they haue ynough ; wherfore we haue maruayle what shulde 
 moue them therto at this presente tyme ; therfore it maketh vs to doute of traysone : for 
 men of warre inclosed in fortresses are sore imagyners, and whan their imaginacion in- 
 clyneth to any yuell dede, they wyll craftely colour it : wherfore, sir, take good aduyse. 
 Well, syrs, quod the duke, ye haue sayd well; we shall prouyde for the mater more 
 substancyally than 1 thought to haue done. 
 
 Thanne the duke of Berrey called to hym one of his knyghtes, called syr Peter Mes- 
 pyn, and sayde to hym : Syr, ye shall go with this money to the bastydes before Vancha- 
 dore,^ and saye to syr Wyllyam Butler and to syr Johan Boesme launce,'' that in the 
 mater they wrote to me of, that they deale therin substancyally, and that they trust nat 
 to moche in the bretons within Vanchador ;" and shewe them that we haue herde more 
 tydinges than they be ware of; wherfore lelte theym be well aduysed of all poyntes. 
 Thus this knyght departed fro Ryon with the money; he rode with his company tyll 
 he came to the bastydes, whyther he was welcome: the somers with the money were 
 dyscharged and put in sauegarde. Than syr Peter Mespyn opened his message and 
 
 said : 
 
 •" Ventadour. " Bonne-lance. ' Cahorsin. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 463 
 
 said : Syrs, my lorde the duke of Berrey sendeth you worde by me, that as tonchynge 
 the treatye that ye are in hande wilhall, touchyiia, the garyson of Vancliador/ he c6- 
 maundeth you to worke wysely, that ye lese nat hothe your bodyes and the money that 
 he hath sent you; also he saytli he hath heide iydyiie;es that pk:iseth liyni nolhynge; 
 wherfore he wyll ye take good hede and be well aduysed, for he douteth of trayson ; he 
 sayeth that oftentymes the coutrey of Auuergne and Lymosyn wolde haue gyuen for the 
 fortresse of Vanchadore' threscorc thousande frankes, and nowe to olTre it lor ten ihou- 
 sande, causeth my lorde the duke and his counsayle to haue suspecte. The iwo 
 knightes, whan they herde that, they were pensyue, and aunswered and sayde, We se 
 well double wytte is better than syngle: ye say well ; we ihankc you of your aduyse, 
 and ye shall abyde here styll with vs, and helpe to counsayle vs as it is reason ; within 
 these two daies we shall se howe y mater siiall come to passe: he sayde he was contente 
 so to do : thanne anone after these two knyghtes sente a varlet to the castell of Vancha- 
 dor," for it was as than trcuce bytwene the parties, and signyfyed to Alayne Roux and to 
 Peter Roux, that the tenne thousande frankes were redy, and desyringe theym to kepe 
 their promesse: and they answered the varlet, that they wolde kepe their promesse 
 surely, and that whaiisoeuer they wolde come, to sende thcyui worde therof. 
 
 Alayne and Peter Roux, who thought no good, as it was knowen and proued whan 
 their purpose was broken and knowen, for they had deuysed to haue taken sir Willyam 
 Butler and syr Johan Boesme launce,''as theyshulde haue entred into the castell of Van- 
 chador,^ by reasone of a great towre that was within the castell, the whiche was always 
 able to beate the castell. These two knyghtes bretons, who entended nothynge but ma- 
 lesse, layde in busshement in this towre thyrty men in harnesse, to the entent that whan 
 the frenchemen were entred into the castell, thynkynge to be lordes therof, that in the 
 night these thyrty shulde issue out, and slee and take the frenchemen at their pleasure. 
 Whan they had thus ordayned, than they sente to syr Willyam Butler and to sir Johan 
 Boesme launce,'' that they shulde come and bringe with them their money, and they 
 shulde haue the castell opened. Of these newes the frenchemen were ioyous, and 
 sayd to the messanger : Retourne to your maysters, and shewe them that to morowe in 
 the mornyng we shall come thyder. The messanger retourned, and shewed this to his 
 maysters. The frenche knyghtes wente to counsayle togyder, and dyd cast more doutes 
 than they dyd before, by reason of the wordes that the duke of Berrey had sente them 
 by sir Peter Mespyn : than they ordeyned and concluded to lay a busshemente of their 
 men nere to the castell, and than they with thyrty of their men harnessed vnder couert 
 shulde go before and entre into the castell, and to regarde wyselyc the castell within, 
 and to cast all maner of doutes : and than if they se any thynge to suspecte, than one of 
 them to blowe a home, atid to kepe the bridge and gate open : and at the sowne ol ihe 
 home the busshement to come to the gate as Taste as they caune, and to entre and take 
 season of the castell. Thus as it was ordayned so it was done. The next mornyng 
 euery man was redy, and the busshement layde of a syxe score speares ; and the two 
 knyghtes, with thyrty in their company couerlly armed, came to Vanchador," and syr 
 Peter Mespyn was with them, with the money trussed properly in thre panyers vpon 
 two somers : they founde the two bretons redy at the barryers, who opened the barryers 
 agaynste their comyng: whan they were entred and within the gate, than the two bre- 
 tons wolde haue closed the gate after them, but the frenche knyghtes said. Nay syrs, 
 nat so; be ye true marchauntes or nat? ye knowe well ye muste yelde vp to vs this 
 castell for the payengofthe some of tenne thousande frankes, the whiche is here redy; 
 ye maye se them here vpon this somer ; if ye kepe trouth with vs, so shall we do with 
 
 you. 
 
 ' Veiitadour. '' Boniie-lancc 
 
464 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 you. With those wordes Alayne and Peter Roux wyste nat what to say ; but to brinee 
 the frencheinen out of suspecte, they aunswered, Syrs, ye saye well; we are contente 
 as ye please. Thus they wente forthe and lefte the barryers open, for if it hadde ben 
 closed the husshment coulde nat haue entred to haue come tyme ynough to haue re- 
 systed tlie false turne that the bretons had deuysed : for ymagyners shulde haue euery 
 thyngasthey lyst, and if there were nat counter ymaginers agaynst the. Bothe the 
 frenchemen and bi etons entred in at the gate ; than Alayne and Peter Roux wolde haue 
 closed the gate, but than the frenchemen sayd, Syrs, let the gate alone ; we wyll haue 
 it open ; it is reason ; we are redy to delyuer you our money acordynge to our promesse. 
 Well, syrs, quod the bretons, lette se laye forthe the money. With a good wyll, quod 
 the frenchemen. There they layde forthe a couerlet, and the florens layde abrode: in 
 y meane season, whyle Alayne and Peter Roux behelde the fayre some of florece, the 
 frenche knyghtes went aboute to se the maner of the castell : thanne syr Peter Mespyn 
 came to syr Will yam Butler, and sayd, syr, cause this great towre to be opened or ye 
 paye all your money, for there may be within it a busshmente, wherby we maye be 
 atrapped and lose bothe our bodyes and the money also. Than syr Willyam sayd to 
 Alayne, Syr, open this towre ; we wyll se it open or we delyuer our money. Syr, quod 
 Alayne, I canne nat do so ; the keyes be lost. With those wordes the frenche knightes 
 had more suspecte in the mater than they had before, and said : Alayne, it can nat be 
 that ye shulde lese the keyes of the soueraygne towre of this castell ; open it with fayre- 
 nesse, or els we shall open it perforce, for ye haue promised and sworne to rendre to vs 
 the castell as it is, without fraude or male engyn, and therfore you to haue ten thous- 
 hande frankes, the whiche some is here redy to be delyuered. Than Alayne aunswered 
 agayne and sayd, I wyll nat open it tyll I haue receyued y money, and layde it in saue- 
 garde ; than whan I haue receyued the money, I shall serche for y keys. Sirs, quod 
 they, we wyll nat abyde so longe ; we se clerely by your wordes that your meanyng is 
 nat good, for you wyll dysceyue and betraye vs ; wherfore we lay our hades on you 
 Alayne and on your brother Peter, in the name of the kynge our soueraygne lorde and 
 the duke of Berrey; we wyll haue this towre incontynent opened perforce, and serche 
 euery place within this castell, bothe aboue and beneth, to se if ye haue layde any 
 husshemente or nat; and if we fynde in the castell any thyng done by you, that ought 
 nat to be done, ye are loste without redempcyon or pardone, for reasone wyll so ; and 
 if we fynde the castell as it ought to be, we shall kepe our bargayne with you well and 
 truely, and shall conducte you whyder ye lyste ; to the gates of Auignon, if ye wyll. 
 Whan Alayne and Peter Roux sawe howe the mater wente, and that they were arested, 
 they were sore abasshed, and were as halfe deed, and repented them that they had 
 doone so moche, for they sawe well they were dysceyued. Than the frenche knightes 
 perceyued well howe they were culpable, and that the mater was nat well: than they 
 made a signe to hyni that bare the borne to blowe, and so he dyd : whan the french 
 busshement herde it, they came to y castell as faste as their horses coulde ryn, and sayd, 
 Go we to Vanchadore f they blowe for vs ; it semeth our men hath nat founde the cas- 
 tell acording as it was pxomysed ; we thynke there be some trayson: anon they were 
 come to the castell, for they were nat farre of; the barryers were open and kept by the 
 frenchmen, for the bretons within were nat maysters of the castell, for their husshemente 
 were within the towre. The Frenchemen entred, and founde the capytaynes in the 
 courte, comunynge with the bretons. 
 
 Tlian Alayne and Peter were sore abasshed, seynge so many of their enemyes aboute 
 them; and as for them that were within the towre knewe nolhynge of the besynesse, 
 
 nor 
 
 " Ventadour. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 465 
 
 nor coude se nor here nothyng, the towre was so thycke. Some that were within sayde: 
 Harke, syrs, me thynke I here moche niurmur> n<re without ; we may be dysceyued ; 
 frenchemen be subtyle; we thou<^ht to t:tke, but I feare we be taken; our capitayn 
 Alayne is dysceyued and we to ; I feare we shall nat issue out without their congye. 
 Thus whan the frenchemen sawe howe they were lordes of the castell, they were than 
 bolder than before, and tooke and put vp agayne their floreyns, and sayd to Alayne, 
 delyuer vs the keyes of this towre, for we wyll se what is within. The bretons pro- 
 longed the mater and sayde, Syrs, begynne fyrste to serche in other places, and tha re- 
 turne to this towre. The frenchmen answered, Alayne, ye do but prologe the mater, 
 for we wyll begynne here fyrst: and outher at ones delyuer the keyes, or els thou shake 
 be slayne with these daggers. Whan the two bretherne herde that they douted the 
 dethe ; they fledde fro it as longe as they myght ; howebeit, to saye the troulh, it had 
 been more honorable for them to haue been slayne there than to haue taryed any lenger, 
 for afterwarde they dyed a shamefull dethe, as ye shall here. And Alayne Roux 
 beyng in this daunger, yet practysed another crafte, if it wolde haue serued, and sayd: 
 Syr Willyam and you syr Johan, it is of trouth that within this toure are thirty men in 
 harnesse ; my brother and I dyd sette them there with moche payne, for we knewe well 
 they wolde neuer agree to our apoyntemente, therfore we haue closed theym within this 
 towre to be sure of them, tyll we haue the full possessyon of the castell, and there ye 
 may haue them and ye wyll ; they are all good prisoners : and delyuer vs our money as 
 ye haue promysed, and lette vs go our wayes. Whan the french knightes herde that 
 they were somwhat better content than they were before, and studyed a lytell : than sir 
 Willyam Butler saide, howsoeuer it be, or we delyuer our money we wyll haue know- 
 ledge of all the keyes of this castell ; therfore shew vs where they be. Whan Alayne 
 sawe it wolde be none otherwyse, he sente for them into his chambie : whan they were 
 brought to the place, than it was demauded whiche keyes serued for y towre. Alayne, 
 full sore agaynste his wyll, shewed forthe the keyes of the great towre : than they 
 opened the towre, and founde within the thyrty companions in harnesse hydde priuely 
 within the towre. Alayne and his brother were sore abasshed whan they sawe the 
 frenchmen entre into the towre, and harde the wordes that sir Willyam Butler sayd, 
 whiche were these: Syrs, issue out fayre and easely one by one; if nat, ye are all but 
 deed ; we take you as prisoners: feare nat the dethe, ye shall haue no hurte, so ye wyll 
 shewe the trouth of that we shall demaunde of you. Whan they sawe the frenchemen, 
 and vnderstode that they shulde nat be slayne, but taken as prisoners, they layde downe 
 their weapons and harnesse, and yelded themselfes, for they sawe well defece coulde 
 nat aueyle them. There the thyrty men were taken and put aparte and examyned, and 
 there they iustyfyed the trayson before Alayne and Peter Roux, who coulde nat denye 
 it. Than the knyghtes of Fraunce sayde to them, Syrs, it greatly dyspleaseth vs to 
 fynde you in this defaulle ; we canne nat punysshe the mater, the cause is so weighty ; 
 we shall put it to the discrecyon of the duke of Berrey ; if he wyll haue pytie on you 
 we shall be gladde therof ; we trust he wyll, for the ioye that he wyll haue for the reco- 
 uering of this castell, for it was the place that he most desyred to h;me agayne of all the 
 worlde. These wordes somewhat comforted theym : they were put into a chambre 
 vnder sure kepynge, and other into dyuers chambres and towres. Than the castell was 
 serched aboue and beneth ; there they founde great prouysyon, and lefte it all there styll, 
 and toke away nothynge therof at their departynge ; and as for goide, syluer, and har- 
 nesse, therof was made a boty, and euery man had his parte: and the prisoners, the 
 knyghtes had them for their parte. 
 
 Thus as I haue shewed, the stronge castell of Vanchadore^ was taken by the frenche- 
 VoL. 11. " 3 O men 
 
 " Ventadour. 
 
466 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 men in this season ; and than syr Wyllyam Butler sette there a capytayne, a squyer of 
 Lymosyn, a valyaunt man, called Pier Madycli, and with hym a thyrty speares of [;ood 
 men of warre ; and they raunsomed their prvsoiiers, suche as were worthy to be raiin- 
 somed ; and suche as were o,reat pyllers and robbers, and frenchmen borne, they strake 
 of their hedes and hanged them vpon gybettes, newe made before the castell gate. 
 Than the frenche knightes departed to go to Ryon to the duke of Berrey. and toke with 
 them Alayne and Peter Roux. Tydinges sprange abrode howe the stronge castell of 
 Vanchadour" was taken, wherof the coiintrey of Auuergne and Lymosvn and those 
 marchesse were greatly reioysed, for the castell had been out of the frenchemennes 
 handes more than fyftene yere, and durynge that season that garysone had done great 
 domage to the countrey. Sir Willyam Butler founde in the castell a yonge squier of 
 Bretayne, a fay re yong man named Monadich, and was cosyn to Geffray Tete noyre, 
 and he was but newely come thyder to lerne to exercyse dedes of amies ; he had ben 
 brought vp in an abbaye in Bretayne, and was come out of the house bycause he wolde 
 be no monke. The frenchemen wolde haue stryken of his heed amonge other, but sir 
 Willyam Butler had pytie on hym, and saued his lyfe, with that he wolde become 
 frenche and serue hym. Thus the frenchmen rode to the duke of Berrey, and brake 
 vp their bastydes : the men of amies departed and went euery man to their owne, and y 
 capytaynes came to Ryon to the duke of Berrey, and led with them the bretons, who 
 desyred the on the waye y they shulde nat enfourme the duke of Berrey to sore agaynst 
 them. The frenchmen promysed to fulfyll their desyre. So longe they rode that they 
 came to Ryon, and there founde the duke and the duchesse, who receyued them with 
 great ioy, for he rekened it to be a gret acte the conquering of the castell of Vancha- 
 dore,' and gaue them fayre gyftes and presentes. Than they demaunded of the duke 
 what his pleasure was shulde be done with Alayne and Peter Roux. He answered, he 
 wolde take aduyse in that matter ; and so toke counsayle : and there it was determyned 
 that he shulde sende them to the kyng; and so they were delyuered to the seneschall of 
 Auuergne, and he coueyed them to Parys, and there they were put in prison in the 
 castell of saynte Anthony, in the kepynge of the vycount of Asser, who as at that tyme 
 had the kepynge of y castell; and they had nat ben longe there but that they were de- 
 lyuered to the prouost of Parys, and put into the chatellet, and there iudged to dye as 
 traytours and robbers of the realme of Fraunce. Than they were delyuered to the 
 hangman, and fast bounde and layde in a carre, and brought with trompettes to the place 
 of execucion, named y halles,'' and there set on the pillery, and turned four tymes aboute 
 in the syght of all the people : and there was openly red and publysshed all their dedes, 
 and tha beheeded and quartered, and their quarters sent to the four chefe gates of the 
 cytie. Thus Alayne and Peter Roux lost shamfully their lyues and the castell of Van- 
 chadore.' 
 
 Ventadour. '' Les halles. 
 
 Of 
 
THE GRONYGLE OF FROISSART. 467 
 
 Of the dedes of amies at saint Ingylbertes contynuyng thi/tiy dayes agaynste all corners 
 of the realme of Englatide and other countreys: euery man thre courses. 
 
 GAP. CLXVIH' 
 
 IN this seasone and in the meaue tyme that the treuse was thus bytwene Englande and 
 Fraunce, bothe by lande and by see, though the kinges and their subiectes helde well 
 the peace, yet was there certayne pyllers and robbers in Auuergne, who made warre to 
 the poore men on bothe sydes the ryuer of Dordone ; but the capytayns tliat had gyue 
 vp their fortresses by reason of that treatie dyssymuled the matter: by reason of their 
 dissymulacion tlie coutrey of Auuergne receyued great domage, so y the complaintes 
 therof came to Parys ; than the french kyng was counsayled to sende to tlie kynge of 
 Englande, signyfyenge hym of the state of these robbers that made warre thus in the 
 countrey, vuder coloure of their patesyiige, the whiche ought nat to be done. I thiuke 
 the king of Englande excused hymselfe of the mater, and to prouyde therfore. The 
 same season the thre foresayd knyghtes, that is to say, the yonge Bouciquaut, Raynolde 
 of Roy, and the lorde of saint Pye, who had enterprised to do armes about the marches 
 of Calays, uere to saynte Ingilbertes, made them redy to acoplysshe their desyre, and 
 to fulfyll their promesse and the right of armes: for it was openly declared and pub- 
 lysshed, and specyally in y realme of Englande, in the which reahne there were 
 knyghtes and squyers quyckened to the mater, and were in gret imagynacios to knowe 
 what they might best do. Some said it shulde be greatly to their blame and reproche, 
 such an enterprise taken so nere to Calays, without ti.ey passed the see, and loke on 
 those knightes that shulde do armes there. Suche as spake most of the mater was, first, 
 syr Johan of Holande erle of Huntyngdon, who had great desyre to go thyder; also sir 
 Johan Courtney, sir Johan Traicton,'' sir Johan Golouffer, syr Johan Russell, syr Thomas 
 Shyrborne, syr Willyam Clyfton, sir Willyam Glynton, sir Willyam Taylboys, sir 
 Godfrey Seta, syr Willyam hacquenuy, syr Johan Vobeas, syr Johan Dambretycourt, 
 syr Henry Beamond, and dyuers other, mo than a hudred knightes and squiers, all 
 these sayd : Let vs prouyde to go to Calays, for the knightes ol Fraunce hath nat or- 
 dayned that sporte so nere our marches, but to the entent to se vs there ; and surely they 
 haue done well, and do lyke good companions, and we shall nat fayle them at their bu- 
 synes. This mater was so publisshed abrode in Englande, that many suche as had no 
 desyre to do dedes of armes theymselfe, yet they sayd they wolde be there to loke on 
 them that shulde. Suche as thought to be there, sent afore to Calays to make prouysion 
 to kepe their astate, and senle oner their horse and harnes bothe lor peace and warre. 
 Whan the day aproched, sir John Holade, brother to the kyng of Englade, fyrst passed 
 the see, and mo than Ix. knyghtes and squiers with hym, and aryued at Calays, and there 
 toke vp their lodgynges. 
 
 At thentryng in ofy ioly fresshe moneth of May these thre yong knyghtes of France, 
 suclie as shulde do dedes of armes at saynt Ingilbertes, thus first they cae to Boloyne and 
 taryed there a season, and than came to thabbay of saint Ingilbertes. Than they vnder- 
 stode how there were a great nobre of knyghtes and squyers coe ont of Englande to 
 Calays, wlieiof they were ryght ioyfull ; and to the entent that the brute shulde coe to 
 Calays, they ordavned in a Tayre playne bytwene Calays and saynt Ingilbertes thre 
 fressh grene pauilyos to be pyght vp ; and at the entre of euery pauylyon there hanged 
 
 3 O 2 . ■ - tw-o 
 
 ' This chapter ought to be numbered CLXIV. '' Drajton ? 
 
468 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 two sheldes with the amies of the knightes ; one shelde of peace, another of warre ; 
 and it was ordayned that suche as shulde ryn and do dedes of armes shulde louche one 
 of the sheldes, or cause to be touched, whiche as pleaseth them, and he shulde be de- 
 lyuered acordyns; to liis desyre. To speke of this mater, I shall shew you : the xxi. 
 day of the moiieth of May, acordyng as it had ben publisshed, these thre frech knyghtes 
 were redy in the phice to furnisshe their iiiterprice ; and the same day knightes and 
 squyers issued out of Cahiys suche as wolde iust, and also suche other as had pleasure 
 to regarde that sporte : and they came to the sayde place apoynted, and drewe all on y 
 one parte: the place to iust in, was fayre, grene and playne. Syr Johan Holande first 
 sente to touche the shelde of warre of sir Boucyquaut, who incontyneut issued out of 
 his pauylyon, redy mounted, with shelde and speare: these two knightes drewe fro 
 other a certayne space: and whan eche of them had well aduysed other, they spurred 
 their horses and came togyther rudely; and Boucyquaute strake tlie erle of Huntyngton 
 through the shelde, and the speare heed glente ouer his arme and dyd hym no hurt : 
 and so they passed forthe, and tourned and rested at their pase : this course was greatly 
 praysed ; the seconde course they met without any hurte doynge ; and the thyrde course 
 their horses refused and wolde nat cope. The erle of Huntyngton, who had gret desyre to 
 iust, and was somwhat chafed, came to his place, abydynge that sir Boucyquaut shulde 
 take his speare : but he dyd nat, for he shewed that he wolde no more rynne that day 
 agaynst therle ; and whan the erle sawe that, he sent his squyer to touche the shelde of 
 warre of the lorde of saynt Pye ; and he that wolde nat refuse, issued out of his pauy- 
 lion, and toke his horse, shelde, and speare ; and whan the erle sawe that he was redy, he 
 spurred his horse, and saynt Pye in lykewyse ; they couched their speares, but at the met- 
 yng their horses crossed, but with the crossynge of their speares the erle was vnhelmed : 
 than he retourned to his men, and incontynent he was rehelmed and toke his speare, 
 and saynt Pye his, and than ran agayne, and met eche other with their speares in the 
 myddes of their sheldes, so that nere hande they were bothe borne downe to the erthe ; 
 but they gryped fast their horses with their legges, and so saued themselfes, and re- 
 tourned to their places and toke their brethes. Syr Johan Holande, who had great 
 affection to do honorably, toke agayne his speare and spurred his horse ; and whan the 
 lorde of saynt Pye sawe hym comyng, he dashed forth his horse to encountre hym ; eche 
 of them strake other on their helmes, that y fyre flasshed out: with y ataynt the lorde 
 of saynt Pye was vnhelmed : and so they passed forthe and came agayne to their owne 
 places. This course was greatly praysed ; and both frenche and englysshe sayd that 
 those thre knyghtes, the erle of Huntyngton, sir Bouciquaut, and the lorde of saynte 
 Pye had ryght well done their deuoyrs, without any domage eyther to other : agayne the 
 erle desyred, for loue of his lady, to haue another course, but he was refused : than sir 
 Johan Holande went out of the renke, to gyue place to other, for he had ronne all his 
 sixe courses well and valyautly, so that he had laude and honoure of all partyes. Than 
 stept forth a gentle knight of Englade, called the erle Marshall; he sent to touche the 
 shelde of warre of sir Raynolde of Roy, who issued out of his pauylyon, armed at all 
 peces, and toke his horse, shelde, and speare ; and whan these two knyghtes Avere ason- 
 der, they spurred their horses and came fyersly togyther : the first course they fayled, 
 by outragyng of their horses, wherwith they were sore dyspleased ; at the ii. course sir 
 Raynolde was stryken and the spere broken ; the iii. course, eche strake other on their 
 helmes \v suche force, y the fire flewe out, and therle Marshall was vnhelmed, who 
 passed forthe and retourned to his place and iusted no more y day, for he had done 
 ynough: than cae forth y lorde Clyfford, a right apt and a valyat knight of Englade, 
 cosyn germayn to sir John Chados, who was a noble valiant knight in his dayes ; he sent 
 to touche the shelde of warre of sir Bouciquaut ; incontynent the knight issued out of 
 his pauilyon w shelde and spere : these two knightes came rudely togider, and strake 
 
 eche 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 469 
 
 eche other on y helm, that the fyre sparcled ; their speares brake nat, nor the knightes 
 lost no styropes : so passed by, and came to their places, and made the redy to ryn the 
 ii. course, and so came togyder wout any sparing : sir Bouciquaut brake his spere, but 
 he was vnhelmed and yet fell nat ; they passed forthe and came to their places. Sir 
 Loyes Clifforde made hym to iust agayne, but Bouciquaut dyd nat put on agayne his 
 helme ; y seyng, the lorde Clifforde aduysed to performe his course with another. Than 
 he sente his squyer to touche y sheide of warre of y lorde of saynt Pye, who came forthe 
 redy to iuste: they ran toguyder, and met eche other; y lorde Clifforde brake his 
 speare in thre peces on y lorde of saynt Pyes sheide ; and the lorde of saynt Pye strake 
 the lorde Clyfforde on the helme, so that he was dishelmed: and so passed forthe: eche 
 of them drewe to their place, and the lorde Clyfforde ran no more that day, for it was 
 shewed hym howe he had right honorably borne hymselfe that daye. Than came forth 
 a noble knight of englade, called sir Hery Beamode ; he caused to be touched sir bouci- 
 quautes sheide of warre, who was soone redy to answere ; they ran togyder ; the lorde 
 Beamode crossed, and Bouciquaut strake hym so rudely, that he bare hym to therthe 
 and passed forthe : y knight was releued by bis men, and set agayne on horsbacke, and 
 so ran again togyder two other courses without any domage. Tha sir Peter Curtney, 
 who had great desyre to ryn sixe courses, caused his squyer to touche all thre sheldes 
 of warre, wherof y frechmen had marueile, and demauded what he enteded therby: he 
 answered, that it was his pleasure to ryn with eche knight ii. courses, without he were 
 lette by the way. His desyre was graunted. Than sir Raynolde du Roy ran first ; 
 they came togider with good aduysemet; howbeit, the first course they fayled, for thei^r 
 horses refused at y cope," wherwith they were sore displeased ; they failed nat at y ii. 
 course, but sir Raynold dishelmed the englisshe knyght, and passed forth and retourned 
 to his place and held hi styll, for he had ron his two courses. Than y lorde of salt Pye 
 cae forthe to iust, and ran eche agaynst other and brake their speres ; and the ii. course 
 the lorde of saint Pye strake sir Peter Courtney acrosse, and sir Peter strake hym on J^ 
 helme and vnhelmed hym, and so cae to their owne places : than sir Bouciquaut, to aco- 
 plisshe sir Peters desire, came forthe, and ran and met eche other in y myddes of their 
 sheldes so rudely, y both their horses stakered in the place ; more hurt there was nat ; 
 f ii. course they vnhelmed eche other. These vi. courses done, sir Peter Courtney de- 
 syred to ryn one course more with one of y thre knightes which as pleased the ; but he 
 was refused, and it was sayd to hym y he had done ynough for y day ; so he rested. 
 Than preced forthe a getylman of Englade, called sir Johii Gouloufer; he sent to 
 touche f sheide of sir Raynolde du Roy, who was redy to answere: they ran frely to- 
 gider, and ataynted ech other of the helmes, without dishelmyng or brekyng of their 
 speres, and so passed by : the secode course their horses refused to mete : the iii. course 
 they met in their sheldes and brake their staues : the fourth course they mist: the v. 
 course they vnhelmed eche other and retourned to their places. Than a valiant knight 
 of Englade, called sir John Rosseau,* who was a well trauelled knight and well knowen, 
 he touched the sheide of f lord of saint Pye : y knight was redy to answere: they ran 
 togyder and met so rudely ^ their horses stayed with y cope :'' f ii. course their horses 
 swarued asyde and myst eche other, wherof the knightes were displeased: and the iii. 
 course they met and strake ech other in y viser of their helmes, so y they were bothe vn- 
 helmed: the englysshe knyght retourned to his copany and iusted no more. Than 
 came forthe sir Peter Shirborne, a yong knight, and touched y sheld of sir Bouciquaut; 
 f knight was redy, and ran togider and myst by outraging of their horses ; they taried 
 nat long, but ran togider agayne the ii. course, and strake eche other in the syght of 
 their helmes: sir Bouciquautes spere brake; thenglysshe knyghtes spere helde ; so y 
 
 therby 
 
 » Russell. " " Coup :" stroke. 
 
470 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 therby sir Boucyquaul was vnlielmed so rudely, y the blode ran out at his nose, and so 
 he returned to his pauilyon and ran no more that day, for it was nere night; but sir 
 Peter shirborne wolde nat leue so, but wolde ryn out liis iii. course ; he sent to touche 
 the shelde of the lorJe of saint Pye, who was incotynent redy: they ran togider, and 
 tainted eche other on y helraes, but their speres grated nat ; if they had, by moost lykel- 
 hod they had taken hurte : the ii. course they strake eche other on y sheldes, and brake 
 their staues in thre peces, and theglisshe knight was borne to iherlhe : they ran no 
 more y day, for it was nere night. Than the englysshnien drewe togider, and dejiarted 
 and rode to Calays, and there deuysed that nyght of that had ben done that day : in 
 lykewise the frechmen rode to saynt Ingylbertes, and comuned and deuised of y had ben 
 done y same day. 
 
 Tlie tuesday after masse, all suche as shulde iust that day, or wolde gyue the lokyng 
 on, rode out ofCalis and came to the place apoynted: and the Frechmen were redy 
 there to receyue the: the day wasfayreand bote. Whan thenglysshmen were armed, 
 than sir Wyllyam Clylton, an expert knight of Englande, caused his squier to touche 
 the targe of sir Bouciquaut; incotinent the knight issued out of his pauylion, armed at 
 all peces: the two knightes came loguider, and taynted eche other on the shelde, and 
 passed by without brekyng of their speares : the ii. course they crossed on their helmes: 
 the iii. course they encountred ech other so on y sheldes, y their horses stode styll : the 
 iiii. course was well enployed ; they vnlielmed eche other : the englisshe knight ran no 
 more ; it was said to liym he had done ynough. Than on theglisshe parte came lorihe 
 a lusty yong knight, called sir Nicholas clynton ; he touched y lorde of saynt Pies 
 shelde ; the knight anon was redy : they n)et togider so euyn y eche of the brake their 
 speres in iii. peces, with suche force y the knightes were in dauger to haue taken dom- 
 age ; but they passed by and cae to their places : the ii. course they tainted eche other 
 on y helmes and passed by: y iii. course their horses crossed and fayled : y iiii. course y 
 lorde of saynt Pye vnhelmed the englysshe knight, who ran no more y daye, for men 
 said he had well and valiantly done and quited hymselfe, and how other must haue 
 place to iust. Tha a kynsman of therle of Hutingdon cae forthe, called Wyllyam Sta- 
 inert ; he caused to touche y shelde of sir Raynold of Roy ; they ran togider w fre wyll, 
 and tainted eche other; y englysshe knight lost his spere : the ii. course they met, but 
 theglisse knight swarued aside ; I cm nat tell wheder the faut was in the knight or in y 
 horse; but sir Raynolde strake hym so rudely on y targe, y he sore reuersed, and so 
 passed by, and made the redy to ryn the third course : and so tainted eche other on y 
 helmes, y the fire sprang out and lost both their speres: y iiii. course they ataynted ech 
 other in y sight of their helmes ; w that course sir Willyain stamert was dishelmed and 
 nigh borne to therthe ; howbeit, he fell nat, and returned to his copany and ran no more 
 Y day. Than another squier of Englade cae forth, called Lacastre ; he sent to touche y 
 shelde of sir Bouciquaut : they ran togider, and tainted ech other on y helmes y the 
 fire flewe out, and marueyle it was y they had nat ben vnhelmed : it was nat long tyll 
 they ran the ii. course, but their horses crossed: the thirde course they were both vn- 
 helmed; and the Englysshe squyer iusted no more y day. Than a yonge knight, 
 called sir John Taylbuise, iusted with the lorde of saynt Pye, and encoutred eche other 
 on y sheldes, and brake their staues: the ii. course their horses crossed; and the iii. 
 course they were bothe vnhelmed: tlie Englisshe knight ran no more that day. Than 
 stepte forthe sir Godfray of Seca," a gentyll knight and a good iuster, and that was 
 well sene by hym ; he encoiTitred with sir Raynolde du Roy: they came right togu>der 
 and mette in their sheldes ; the speres were good and wolde nat breke, so y it made their 
 horses to recule, and than recouered and kepte styll their speres, and than ran agayne 
 the seconde course ; the ressed in faute of the horses and nat of the knyghtes, and they 
 lost bothe their staues: they ran agayne the iii. course ; the Englysshe knight strake sir 
 
 Raynolde 
 ■ Before called Sela. . 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 47 1 
 
 Raynolde on the Iielme that he was vnhehned: and sir Raynolde strake y Englysshe 
 knight on t!ie targe so rudely and with suche strength, (for he was called one of the 
 best lusters in all the realme of Frauncc : also he lyued in amours with a yong lady, 
 whiche aueyled hym in all his businesse,) that he perced theglisshnians targe clene 
 through, and the speare heed entred into the arme, and the spare brake, and the tron- 
 chon stacke styll in y shelde and in the knyghtes arme: yet for all y, the knyght made 
 his turne, and came to his place IVesshly : than his copany drevve out the tronciiyon, 
 and bounde his arme, and sir Raynolde retourned to his copany. 
 
 Of that course sir Raynolde du Roy was greatly praysed on bothe parties, for all y 
 hurtyng of the knight, for suche is the aduetures of armes: to some good, to some yuell. 
 Than came forthe an Esquyer of Englande, called Blaquet, and sent to touche the 
 shelde of the lorde of saynt Py, who was redy to ansvvere : they couclied their speares 
 and ran toguyder : y first course they taynted eche other on their helmes, and loste 
 their staues ; they toke their staues agayne, and in y aprochyng their horses crossed, 
 and so passed by, and retourned agayne to their places : they taryed nat long, but ran 
 eche at other: with y course Blaquet strake y lorde of saynt Pye a hye on y helme, and 
 gaue hym a sore stroke, and saynt Pye strake him in the sight of the helme a sorer 
 stroke, so that therwith he was so vnhelmed, that y bode behynde brake, and the helme 
 fell to the groude : than Blaquet retourned to his copany, and iusted no more that day : 
 and y lorde of saynt Pye sate styll on his horse abyding other comers. Than a gentyll 
 knight of Englande, called sir John Bolcas, touched the shelde of the lorde of saynt 
 Pye, who was there redy to answere : they strake eche other on the shelde that it was 
 marueile they were nat perced, for their speres were strong ; howbeit, they passed by, 
 and lost their speares without any other domage : the ii. course they taynted on the 
 helmes without any hurte, and passed by : y iii. course they crossed: the iiii. course 
 the lorde of saynt Pye vnhelmed rudelye sir Johan Bolcas: after that course the en- 
 glisshe knight ran no more. Than a yong knyght of Englande, richely armed, named 
 Thomelyn Massydone, he touched y shelde of warre of sir Bouciquaut : he was incon- 
 tynent answered : the first course they crossed on the helmes : the ii. course they met, 
 and Thomelyn brake his spere in trochions, and Bouciquaut strake hym so sore that he 
 bare hym to the erthe ouer his horse backe ; than his copanyon toke hym vp and he 
 iusted no more. Than another squier of Englande, called Nauerton, touched the shelde 
 of sir Bouciquaut, sayeng howe he wolde reuenge his company, whom Bouciquaut had 
 ouerthrowen in his presence, who was redy to answere : the first course they strake 
 eche other in the viser of their helmes, without any other domage: the ii. course they 
 strake eche other in their sheldes, so y their horses reculed, and brake their speares in 
 thre peces : than they retourned to their places, and toke newe speares, and met agayne 
 togyder : sir Bouciquaut receyued a great stroke on y shelde, but he strake Nauerton 
 in suche wyse that he was vnhelmed, who ran no more that day, for euery man sayde 
 he had well acquyted hyraselfe. Than another squyer, called Sequaqueton,* an experte 
 man of armes, sente to touche the shelde of sir Raynolde du Roye ; the knye;ht was 
 redy to answere, well moijted with shelde and speare: they mette so rudely that Sequa- 
 queton" bare hymselfe well fro fallynge, for he had suche a stroke that he sore reuersed; 
 howbeit, he releued and passed forthe, but he lost his spere : the next course they mette 
 rudely on their helmes, so that the lyre flasshed out : the iii. course Sequaqueton' was 
 vnhelmed, so that bothe he and his horse were astonyed and retourned to his company, 
 and iusted no more that day, nor no man els, for the night aproched. Than the En- 
 glysshemen retourned to Calys, and the frechmen to saynt Ingylbertes. 
 
 Ye 
 
 ' Swinnerton ? — Jolmes. 
 
472 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 Ye may well knowe that Charles the frenche kyng was sore desyrous to be at those 
 iustes ; he was youge and lyght of spiryte, and glad to se newe thynges ; it was shewed 
 rae, that fro the begynning to thendyng he was there present, disgysed as vnknowen, so 
 that none knewe hym but the lorde of Garasyers, who cae also with hym as vnknowen, 
 and euery day returned to Margison." Than on y wednisday the englisshmen rode fro 
 Calais, and came to the place of y iustes: than a squier of Englande, called John 
 Sauage, sente to touche the shelde of warre of sir Raynold of Roy: the knight was redy 
 in his pauylion, and issued out and mooted on his horse ; tha they came togider with 
 great randon, and strake eche other on their sheldes, in suche wise that if their sheldes 
 had nat broken, outher one of the men or bothe had ben striken to y groude ; this was 
 a goodly and a daungerous course ; howbeit, the knightes toke no domage ; their speres 
 brake to their hades, and the heedes stacke styli in their sheldes ; euery man fered they 
 had ben hurt: so euery partie cae to their copany : and whan it was knowen that they had 
 no hurt, euery man was ioyfull and sayd, howe they had done ynough for that day; but 
 those wordes pleased nothyng Johan Sauage, for he sayd he was nat come ouer the see 
 to ryn but one course. Those wordes were shewed to sir Raynolde du Roy, and he 
 answered and sayd : it is reason that he be aunswered, outher by me or by some of my 
 copany. Than they toke newe sheldes and speares, and ran agayne toguyder, but at 
 the cope their horses crossed and so fayled ech other, wherwith they were sore dis- 
 pleased, and for angre cast awaye their speres and toke newe ; and at the thirde course 
 they taynted eche other in the syght of their helmes, in suche wyse that bothe were vn- 
 helmed ; euery man praysed that course. The englysshemen came to Johan Sauage, 
 and said, howe he had ryght honorably acquyted hymselfe that daye, and howe he had 
 done ynough, for there were other to ryn. He obeyed and ran no more, and alyghted 
 of his horse, and lept on a small hackeney to se other rynne. 
 
 Than a Squyer of Englande came forthe, cosyn to the erie Marshall, called Wyllyam 
 Basquenaye : he touched the shelde of sir Bouciquaut ; the knyght was redy to an- 
 swere. They came togyder as streyght as they coude deuyse, and strake eche other in 
 the syght of the helmes, in suche wyse y bothe were vnhelmed ; they passed forthe their 
 course frake and frely : anone, they were agayne helmed, and ran togider and strake 
 eche other on their sheldes, and brake their speares withoute any other domage; the 
 thirde course they crossed, wherwith they were sore displeased ; the fourthe course 
 Wyllyam Basquenay was agayne vnhelmed, and so ran no more that daye. Than 
 another Englysshe squyer, called Scot, ran agayne the lorde of saynt Pye ; the fyrst 
 course they encoutred so rudely, y their horses stakered, and the speres helde, yet they 
 lost their speres ; than they made them redy to ryn the seconde course : and they met in 
 suche wyse y the lorde of saynt Pye was vnhelmed, and the squier moche praysed for 
 that course : agayne the thirde course they encoutred eche other on y sheldes, in suche 
 wyse that John Scot was stryken downe ouer his horse crope ; thus the lorde of saynt 
 Pye was reneged ; theglyssh squyer was releued and brought to his copany, and ran no 
 more that day. Than another englysshe squyer, called Bernarde Stapleton, he touched 
 the shelde of y lorde of saynt Pye; they came togider and taynted eche other on their 
 helmes y the fyre flasshed out, and so passed by without any other domage, and kepte 
 styll their speres ; the ii. course they mette in their sheldes rudely, yet they kept their 
 horses, and so passed forth their course : the thirde course they vnhelmed eche other: 
 thenglyssh squyer ran no more that day. Than stepte forthe a gentyll knyght of Eng- 
 lande, yonge and fresshe, a iolly daucer and synger, called sir JohnArudell: he ran 
 
 agayne 
 
 ' Marquise. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 473 
 
 a2;ayne sir Raynold du Roy ; at the first course they mette rudely, and strake eche other 
 on their sheldes, but they helde themselfes without fallyuge, and passed forlhe their 
 course, but they lost their staucs : the ii. course they altaynted eche other on their 
 helmes, that sparcles of fyre flewe out without other doniage : the iii. course they crossed 
 and loste their staues : the iiii. course they taynted on their helmes : the v. course they 
 brake their speres on their sheldes, and than sir John Arudell ran no more that day. 
 Than another squyer of Englade, called Nicholas Seon,' a proper man of armes, ran 
 ao^aynst sir Bouciquaut : the first course they strake eche other on their hehnes a great 
 attaynt : the ii. course they strake eche other on their sheldes, in suche wyse that their 
 horses were astonved, and they lost their speares : y iii. course they strake eche other on 
 the helmes, and Nicholas Seon' was vnheimed, and ran no more. Tlian another squyer 
 came forthe, called John Marshall, and ran agaynst sir Bouciquaut, for he was redy 
 lokyn<T for nothyng but to iust ; he toke his speare and couched it in the rest : the first 
 course they mette rudelye on their sheldes, and lost their staues : the seconde course 
 they taynted on their helmes : and the third course they aduysed well eche other and 
 met rudely ; Johan Marshall brake his staffe in thre pcces, and sir Boucyquaut strake 
 hym on the helme, in suche wyse that he was vnhehned, and so returned and ran no 
 more y day. Than cae forthe a lusty yonge knight of Englande, wlio desyred greatly 
 to wyn honour, called sir Johii Clinton:'' he bare syluer broken with azure, a molet 
 syluer in y chefe ; he touched y shelde of sir Reynold du Rove, who was redy to an- 
 swere, and was gladde of the comynge of that knyght ; they came to their places and 
 toke their speares: the fyrst course they taynted on the helmes and passed forthe: 
 the seconde course they strake eche other on their sheldes, and passed by and lost their 
 staues : the thirde course they taynted on their helmes, so that the fyre flewe oute : 
 the fourthe course they crossed : the fyfthe course was well enployed, for eche of them 
 brake their speares : the two knyghtes were sore chafed, and shewed well howe they 
 had gret desyre to proue their selfes : the sixte course eche of the vnheimed other ; that 
 course was greatly praysed : the Englysshe knight ran no more that daye, for he had 
 done ynoughe. 
 
 Thanne "Roger Leau, another Englysshe squyer, auaunced forthe: he bare syluer 
 and sables quarterly, in the myddes a crosse goules, he touched the shelde of the lorde 
 of salt Pye : the first course they encountred so rudely that their horses were astonied, 
 for their speares helde: the seconde course they taynted on their helmes and passed 
 forthe : at the thirde course Roger Leau was vnheimed, and ranne no more. 
 
 Than auaused forthe a ryght gentyll knight of the nacyon of Heynaulte, in the 
 marchesse of Ostreuaunt, but fro his youthe he had been brought vp in the courte of the 
 noble kynge Edwarde of Englande ; this knyght was called sir Johan Dambretycourt : 
 he was brother to the good knyght sir Eustace : he bare in his armure partie Golde and 
 Ermyne ; he touched the shelde of sir Raynolde dn Roye. The fyrste course they 
 taynted on their helmes, that the fyre folowed : the secode course they entred so rudely, 
 that it was marueyle howe they scaped without domage, for eche of the were noble 
 Justers, and feared nother payne nor dethe : the thirde course sir Raynolde du Roye 
 was rudely vnheimed, and sir Johan Dambretycourt passed forthe his turne and came 
 agayne to his place ; and sir Raynolde du Roye retoui ned to his company, and shewed 
 howe he wolde no more iuste that daye. Than the Englysshe knight desyring to iust 
 more, sent to touche the shelde of sir Boucyquaut: they ran toguyder so fiersly, and 
 strake eche other in their sheldes, that it was marueyle they had nat ben pearced 
 throughe: the seconde course they taynted on their helmes, and passed forthe and lost 
 
 Vol. II. 3 P their 
 
 ' Stone. * Clifton. 
 
474 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 their speares : the thirde course they niette so rudely, that eche of the was vnhelmed. 
 Than the Englysshemen drewe toguyder and sawe that it was nerehande nyght, toke 
 their leaues and departed towarde Cahiis. Tliat nyght there was none other comunynge 
 but of the iustes that hadde ben done that day. The Frenchemen wente to Margyson," 
 and deuysed there at their pleasure. 
 
 On the thursdaye the fourthe day of the vveke, the Englysshemen being at Calais, 
 assembled togider all suclie as had nat iusted, and were come ouer the see lor that en- 
 tent ; they cocluded to returne agayne to saynte Ingylbertes to do armes ; so they 
 mouted on their horses and rode out ol'Calays, and came to y place Avhere as the iustes 
 shulde be done ; there was ledy the thre knightes of Fraunce in their pauylions, and 
 suche other as shulde serue them. Fyrst, there came into tiie place a knight of Eng- 
 lade, called sir Godfray Eustace: he touched y shelde of sir Boucyquaut, who incon- 
 tynent issued out of his pauylion redy to answerer the knyghtes aduysed eche other, 
 and ran toguyder and taynted on their helmes, and passed forthe their course, and kept 
 sty 11 their staues : the seconde course they strake eche other in the myddes of their 
 sheldes, and their speares brake without any domage, and passed forthe and came agayne 
 to their places: the thirde course eche vnhelmed other: the Englysshe knight iusted 
 no more, for it was say^d to hym he had right valyauntly acquyted hymselfe, and also 
 that he mustsuffre other to iuste. 
 
 Than an Englysshe squier came forthe to iuste, called Alayne Borowe r*" he touched 
 the shelde of the lorde of saynt Pye : the knyghtwas redy to answere : the fyrste course 
 they taynted on their helmes that the fyre fiewe out, they passed forthe their course and 
 returned agayne to their places : y seconde course they brake bothe their staues: the 
 iii. course they vnhelmed eche other : the Englysshman ran no more, for it behoued 
 other to iust after. Than another Englysshe squyer, called Scrope, touched the shelde 
 of sir Boucyquaut : the fyrste course they crossed : the seconde course they taynted on 
 their helmes : the thirde course Scrope was ouerthrowen ; tha he was releued and 
 brought to his company, and ran no more. 
 
 Than a knyght of Behaygne," one of the quene of Englandes knyghtes, called Her- 
 chaunce, who bare in his armes syluer, thre GryfTens fete sable armed azure, he was 
 demaunded with whome he wolde iuste ; he answered with Bouciquaut. Than they 
 made them redy and ran toguyder, but the knyght of Behaygne*^ made a forfaite, wherof 
 he was greatly blamed y he demeaned his course so yuell ; the Englysshemen sawe well 
 howe he had forfaite his armure and horse, if the Frenchemen wolde. Of this course 
 there was great comunycacyon bylwene the parties, but fynally it was pardoned, the 
 better to please the Englysshemen. Than Herchauce requyred agayne to iuste one 
 course: he was demaunded against whome he wolde ryn : he sente to touche the shelde 
 of sir Raynolde du Roy, and he was redy to answere : the fyrst course they mette in 
 the myddes of their sheldes, and sir Raynolde du Roye, who was one of the best lusters 
 in y reahne of Fraiice, strake thother knight clene fro his horse, in suche wyse, that 
 nienne thought he had been deed. Herchaunce, with nioche payne was releued and 
 broght to his company. The Englisshemen were nat displeased in that he was 
 ouerthrowen, bicause he ran the fyrste course so vngoodly. So he ran no more that 
 daye. 
 
 Than came in a squver of En^lande, called Robert Storborne, he touched the shelde 
 
 of 
 
 * Marquise. *■ Ih the French edition, " Bourch." ' Bo'aenaia, 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 475 
 
 of y lorde of saynt Pye, who was redy to answere : tlie fyrst course they taynted on 
 their h^l^l'.ts : the secCdc C0!;r5e they strake in their sheldes and lost their speares : the 
 Ihirde course eche vnhehned other : the Eno;lysshe squyer ran no more. Than John 
 Morlande touched the shelde of sir Raynold du Roy, who was redy to answere : the 
 first course they taynted on their hehnes : the secoude course they encountred eche 
 other that their hoi scs were astonyed, and loste hothe their staues : the thirde course 
 Johan Morlande was stryken to the 2;iounde, he was releued and iusted no more. 
 Thanne another squyer, called Johan Molen, he touched the shelde of Bouciquaut: the 
 kny<Tht was redy : the first course they taynted and passed lordie : the seconde course 
 they taynted on their helnies and lost their staues : the thirde course Johan Moton was 
 vnhelnied : he ranne no more that daye, but waue place to other. 
 
 Than Jaqucuyne Scrope touched the shelde of the lorde of saynt Pye, who was redy 
 mounted : the fyrst course their horses crossed, wherwilh they were sore displeased : 
 the secoiide course they taynted on their hehnes, that the fyre flewe out, and lost their 
 speres ; the thirde course Jaqueuvne Scrope brake his speare, but the lorde of saynt 
 Pye strake hym so rudely j he fell ouer his horse crope to the erlhe : he was releued 
 and ranne no more that daye. Than another squier cae forthe, called Guyllyam Ma- 
 quelee, he ran agaynst sir Boucyquaut, who was redy to answere : the firste course they 
 taynted on their helmes, tliat the lyre flewe out ; y course was praysed of euery partie : 
 the seconde course they strake eche other in the sheldes and loste their staues : the 
 thirde course they vnhelmed eche other, so that bothe sate bareheeded in their coyfes ; 
 they ran no more that daye, for they had done ynough. Than another Squyer of Eng- 
 lande, called Nycholas Leau, he touched the Shelde of the lorde of saynt Pye, he was 
 redy to answere : the first course they strake eche other so sore on y sheldes, that if 
 their staues had nat broken, it had ben to their great domage, but they helde theselfes 
 well fro fallyng : the secode cope they attaynted eche other on the helmes, that the 
 fyre flewe oute, for their strokes crossed, and so passed by : the thyrde was a goodly 
 course, for they strake eche other so euin in y sight of their helmes, that eche of them 
 vnhelmed other so clerely, that their helmes flewe into the felde ouer their horse cropes. 
 The iusters ceased for that daye, for there was none Englissheman that off^red to iust 
 any more that day. Than the erle of Huntyngdon, and the erle Marshall, and the 
 lorde Clyffbrde, the lorde Beamont, sir Johan Clynton, sir Johan Dambretycourt, sir 
 Peter Shyrborne, and all other knyghtesthat had iusted those four dayes with the french 
 knightes, thanked them greatly of their pastaunce, and said: syrs, all suche as wolde 
 iuste of our partie haue accomplisshed their desyres, wherfore nowe we wyll take leaue 
 of you : we wyll relurne to Calays, and so into Englande ; and we knowe well that who 
 soeuer wyll iust with you shall fynde you here these thyrty dayes, acordynge to the 
 tenoure of your chalenge ; and we ones come into Englande, such knightes as desyre to 
 do dedes of armes, we shall desyre them to come to vysite you. The thre knyghtes 
 thanked them, and sayd : they shall be right hertely welcome, and we shall delyuer 
 them acordynge to the ryght of armes, as we haue done you ; and moreouer we thanke 
 you of the curtesy y ye haue sheAved to vs. Thus in curtes maner the englysshemen 
 departed iro saynte Ingilbertes, and rode to Calays, where they taryed nat longer for 
 the saturdaye after, they toke shyppynge and sayled to Doner, and was there bynoone: 
 and the sondaye they rode to Rochester, and the nexte day to London, and so euery 
 man to his owne. The thre frenche knyghtes kepte styll their place at saynt Ingyl- 
 bertes. The frenche kinge, and the lorde of Garancyers, who had ben there all that 
 season, was vnkuowen, (whan the englysslieaien were departed,) they neuer seased 
 rydynge tyll they came to Crayll, on the ryuer of Oyse, where the queue was at that 
 tynie. After that the Englysshemen came into Englande, I herde nat that any mo 
 
 3 P 2 came 
 
476 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 came oner to do anv dedes of armcs at sayiite Ingylbertcs ; howebeit, the thre freiiche 
 knyp;htes helde styll their place tyll tlieir thyrty dayes nere accomplysshed ; ;tP.d than 
 at their leysar they retoiii ned euery niaiiiie, and came to Paiys to se the kyng, and the 
 duke of Thouiayne, and other lordes that were at Parys at that lyme, who made them 
 good chere, as reason requyred: for they had valyauntly borne themselfe, wherby they 
 atcheued gret honour of the kyng, and of the realme of Fraunce/ 
 
 Of the enlerpryse and voyage of the kni/ghtes of Fraunce and Englande, and of the 
 duke of Burbone, who was chefe of that army, at the requesle of the genouoys, (a 
 go into Barbary, to besiege the strong towne of Auffryke. 
 
 CAP. CLXIX." 
 
 I SHALL nowe declare the maner of an hygh and noble enterprise that was done in 
 this seaso, by knightes of Frauce, of England, and of other countreys, in the realme of 
 Barbary. Syth I haue concluded the amies that was doone at saynt Ingylbertes, nowe 
 wyll I shewe of other maters, for to me it is great pleasure to declare them: for if plea- 
 sure had nat inclyned me to write, and to enquyre for the trouthe of many matters, I 
 had neuer come to an ende as I haue done. TSowe sayeth the texte of the mater that I 
 wyll procede on, \' in this season newes spredde abrode in Fraunce, and in dyuers other 
 coiitreys, that the genouoys wolde make an army to go into Barbary, with gret prouv- 
 sion, as well of bysquet, as fresshe water and wyneger, with gales and vesselles for all 
 knyghtes and squyers that wolde go in that voyage: the cause that moued them thus to 
 do, I shall shewe you. Of a longe tyme the affrycans had made warre by see on the 
 fronters of the genouoys, and pylled and robbed their Ilandes, suche as were obeysant 
 to them, and also the ryuer of Genes'" lay euer in parell and daunger of them of 
 Auffryke, whiche was a stronge towne on y parties, garnysshed with gates, towres, and 
 hyghe and thycke walles, depe dykes : and lyke as the stronge towne of Calays, is the 
 key, wherby whosoeuer is iorde therof may entre into the realme of Fraunce, or into 
 Flaunders, at his pleasure, and maye by see or by lande sodenly inuade with great 
 puyssaunce, and do many great feates ; in lykewyse by comparyson this towne of 
 Auffryke is the key of the barbaryns, and of the realme of Auffryke, and of therealmes 
 of Bougne,'' and Thunes, and of other realmes of the infydeles in those parties. This 
 towne dyd moch dyspleasure to the genouoys, who are greate marchauntes : and by them 
 of Aufryke they were oftentymes taken on y see, as they went or returned fro their 
 feate of marchaundyses. Than the genouoys, who were ryche and puyssaunt bothe by 
 lande and by see, hauyng great sygnories, they regarded the dedes of the affrycans, and 
 also consydred the complayntes of suche isles as were vnder their obeysaunce, as the 
 isle Dable," the isle of Syve,' the isle of Guerse,' the isle of Bostan, the isle of Gor- 
 gennem,'" and vnto ^ Gulfe of Lyon, and to the isles of Sardonne," and Finisse,'' and 
 vnto the isle of Mayllorke,' whiche thre isles be vnder the obeysaunce of the kynge of 
 Aragon. Than the genouoys by comon acorde agreed to sende into the frenche courte, 
 
 and 
 
 ' Lord Berners, in his translation of the account of these jousts, has omitted various circumstances of minor 
 interest, which are to be found in the French copies: such as the arms borne by several knights: the 
 exact manner in which the strokes of the tilters were aimed and received, &e. 
 
 * This chapter ought to be numbered CLXV. '^ Genoa. '' Bugia. ' Elba ? 
 
 .' Cyprus. * Corsica ? •■ Gorgona ? ' Sardinia. * Cape Finisierre ? 
 
 ; Majorca. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 477 
 
 and to offie to all kiiightes ai)d squiers that wolde go with them to besiege this towne of 
 Aufryke, to fynde them galees, and other vessels, charged with bysquet, swete water, 
 and wyneger, at their coste and charge : so that one of the IVeiiche kyiiges vncles, or els 
 his brother the duke of Thoiuayn, wlio was yonge and lusty, and lykely to conquere 
 honour, shulde be capytayne general 1 : and the genouoys furtiiermore promised xii. 
 thousande crosbowes genouoys well furnysshed, and eyght thousande of other with 
 speares and pauesses, at their cost and charge. This the genouoys dyde, bycause they 
 knewe that there was a trewce bytwene Englande and Fraunce for thre yere, wherfore 
 they supposed that knyghtes and squyers, as well of France as of Englande, wolde be 
 glad to be doynge in some parte. 
 
 Whan tydynges came first into Frauce of this voy.ige, the knightes and squiers of the 
 countrey were right ioyfull ; and the messangers fro Genne" were aunswered that they 
 shulde nat departe tyll they were w ell herde, and so to haue socour, their request was 
 so reasonable, as to the augmentynge of the crysten faythe. Thus they were caused to 
 tary a season at Parys, there to debate that mater, and to se wiio shulde be chefe soue- 
 rayne of the armye for that voyage, and to whome euery man shulde obey. The duke 
 of Thourayne of his owne volutary wyll offred hymselfe to go: but the kyng and his 
 vncles wolde in no wyse agree therto, sayenge, howe it was no voyage for hyni, and they 
 consydred well howe y genouoys desyred outher to haue him, or els one of the kynges 
 vncles. Than it was agreed that the duke of Burbone, vncle to the kynge, shulde be 
 soueraygne and chefe of that armye, and shulde haue in his company the lorde of 
 Coucy. Whan the ambassadours of Gene' were aunswered, that it was concluded 
 Avitho'ut fayle y they shulde haue ayde of knightes and squyers of Fraunce, and the 
 kynges vncle, the duke of Burbone, to be souerayne and chefe capytayne : wherof these 
 ambassadours were well contente, and toke their leaue of the kynge and ot hiscounsayle, 
 and retourned into their owne coutrey. Tydinges anon spred abrode in y realme of 
 Fraunce of this voyage into Barbary. To some it was plesaunt, and to some nat de- 
 lectable, and many that wolde haue gone, wente nat : there was none that went but on 
 their owne charge and coste : no lorde sente any but of their owne seruauntes. Also it 
 was ordeyned that none shulde passe of the nacyon of Fraunce, without lycence of the 
 kynge, for the kynge wolde nat that so many shulde haue gone, to leaue the realme des- 
 titute of knyghtes and squyers. Also it was agreed that no varlettes shulde passe, but 
 all gentlemen, and men of feate and defence. Also to please all other nacyons, 
 knyghtes and squiers, straungers, had fre lyberty to come and to entre into this ho- 
 norable voyage, wherof all knyghtes straungers greatly praysed the frenche kynge and 
 his counsayle for that dede. The duke of Burbone, who was one of the chefe of the 
 realme, sent incontynent his officers to Gennes,' to make prouysyon acordynge to his 
 astate. The gentle erie of Auuergne sent also to Gennes' to make his prouysions, and 
 the lorde of Coucy was nat behynde ; also syr Guy de la Tremoyle,'' and sir Johan of 
 Vyen, admyrall of Fraunce, and all other lordes and knightes, suche as were ordeyned 
 to go in that voyage, sent to make their prouysions, euery man after his degree ; also so 
 dyd sir Philyppe de Arthoys, erle of Ewe, and sir Phylip of Bare, the lorde of Har- 
 court, sir Henry Dantoinge. Also out of Bretayne and Normandy, many lordes and 
 other aparelled themselfes'to go into Barbary. Also of Haynalt, the lorde of Ligne, 
 the lorde of Haureth, and for "the of Flaunders there was great prouysion made. Also 
 the duke of Lacastre had a bastarde sonne, called Henry of Lancastre : he had deuocion 
 to go in ysame voyage, and he prouyded him of good knightes and squyers of Englande 
 that acompanyed hym in that voyage. The erle of Foiz sent his bastarde sonne, called 
 
 Jobbayne 
 
 ' Genoa. I" Tremouille. 
 
478 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 Jobbayne* of Foiz, well prouyded with knightes and squiers of Bierne, Euery man 
 prouyded themselfes nobly, and eche for other: and about the myddes of May, they y 
 were furthest of fro Gene," set forvvarde to come to Gennes,'' where as y assemble was 
 apoynted, and where as all tlieir galees and vesselles were assembled : it was a moneth 
 or tbey coude all assemble there. The genouoys were right ioyfull of their comyng, 
 and gaue great presentes to the chiefe lordes, the better therby to wynne their ioues: 
 they were nombred whan they were togyther by y marshals xiiii. hundred knyghtes and 
 squyers. Than tliey entred into tiie gaiees and vesselles that were prouyded for them, 
 well furnisshed of all thynges necessary. Thus they departed fro the porte of Gennes'' 
 aboute the feest of mydsomer, in the yere of our lorde god a thousande thre hundred 
 fourscore and ten. 
 
 Great pleasure it was to beholde their depai tynge, and to se their standardes, getorns, 
 and penons, wauynge in the wynde, and shynynge against the sonne, and to here f 
 trompettes and claryons sownyng in the ayre, with other mynstrelsy: the fyrste night 
 they lay at ancre at the entryng into the high see; all varlettes and horses abode be- 
 hynde ; a horse that was worthe fyfty frankes at their departyng was solde for ten 
 frankes, for there were many knyghtes and squiers that wyste nat whan they shulde 
 returne ; they coulde nat haue fyue horses kept at Gennes'' for a franke a daye, and 
 therfore at their departynge they made money of them, and that was but lytell. There 
 were a hudred galees garnisshed with men of warre, crosbowes, and pauesses, and mo 
 than a C. of other vessels laden with prouysion and other necessaryes. The next day 
 at the breke of the daye they weyed ancres, and rowed all that day by force of owers, 
 and the nyght folowynge, costyng the lade. The thyrde day they came to Portefyn, 
 and there cast ancre, and taryed there all that night : and the next day they came to 
 another porte and towne, called the porte Veder," and there taryed and refresshed them. 
 The next day they passed further into the gret see in the name of god and our lady, and 
 saynte George ; and firste they founde the isle of Dable,'* and than y isle of Guerfe," the 
 isle of Argenen,^ and the isle of Sardyns, and passed the Gulfe of Lyon, which was a 
 daungerous and a doutfull passage, but they coulde nat eschewe it the waye y they toke : 
 they were there in great parell all to haue ben lost ; the season was so troublus, and 
 tempestes so terryble, that y wysest maryner y there was coude gyue no cousaile but to 
 abyde the adueture, and the wyll of god, wherby the flete departed asonder, some here 
 and some there, they wyst neuer where : this tempest endured a day and a night. Whan 
 this tepest was sest, and y wyndes pacifyed, than the patrons and pylottes set their 
 courses to drawe to the isle of Comeres,^ a xxx. myle fro Auffryke, and fro the towne 
 thyder as they entended to go ; for at the goynge out of the Gulfe of Lyon, the patrones 
 sayde one to another, if it fortune that we be driuen asonder by force of wynde and 
 wether, than lette vs drawe to the isle of Comeres, and there lette vs tary eche for other: 
 and as they hadde deuysed so they dyd, for the fyrst that came thyder taryed tyll the 
 last came, and or all coulde assemble there togyder it was a nyne dales. This isle of 
 C5meres is a pleasaut i«le, though it be nat gret : there the lordes refresshed theym, and 
 thanked god whan they sav,'e they had loste none of their company. Thanne the lordes 
 and patrons toke counsayle what was best for them to do, consyderinge they were so 
 nere y towne of Aufryke. 
 
 Nowe I wyll leaue to speke of these lordes of Fraunce for a season, and speke of 
 other maters that was done in that season in Frauce, and specyally in the countrey 
 of Auuergne, in the marches of the lande of the erle Dolphyn, who was forthc in the 
 sayd voyage. 
 
 Of 
 
 ' Evan. ' Genoa. * Porto- Venere. '' Elba. ' Corsica. 
 
 ' Gorgona. ' Query r 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 479 
 
 Of a cafjT/tatyne, a robber and a pyller of the countrey, called Jymergot Marcell, who 
 helde a sironge caslell in the inarches of Rouergne, called the Roche of Vandois : 
 and hoti-e it t^as besieged by the vicoiint of Meaiilx, and of the takynge therof ; 
 and hoire Aymerygotte zvas taken and brought to Parys. 
 
 CAP. CLXX.' 
 
 IN this season whyle this asseble was a making to go into Barbary for a good entente, 
 as to exalte the ciisten iaythe, certayne robbers and pylleis in Auuergne, and Roviergue, 
 and ill Lymosyn, were ol'contiaiy uiyndes : for though the coutreis thought ihemselfe 
 in suretie, by reason of the chartre of the treuce that was taken bytwene Englande and 
 Fraunce, wliiche had ben proclaynicd and publysshed in all lorlies'^es, and before all 
 the capitayns that made any warre, or heide any foitress.es of the englissh parte: and 
 an artycle there was, that whosoeuer brake or violated any poynt or artycle comprised 
 in the treaty shulde receyue punyssyon of dethe, without hope of any remyssion: and 
 specially Perot le Bernoys, capytayne of Caluset,'' Amergot Marcell, Olyue Barbe, 
 capytayne of Dousac,'^ in the marches of Auuergne, were enclosed by name in the 
 charter of the treuse, to the entent that if they or any of theirs, dyd or consented to do 
 any thynge contrary, y they shulde nut excuse tliemselfe : some of the capytayns that 
 feared to dye a shameful! dethe, or to rynne into the indygnacion of the frenche kynge, 
 helde surely all the poyntes of the charter; but some dyd nat so, whiche they deiely 
 bought, as ye shall iiere alter. 
 
 Ye shall knowe, as it hath ben here before rehersed, howe Johan, erie ofArmynake, 
 and Bernarde, dolphyn of Auuergne, and therle Clermounte, Mere in treatie with cer- 
 tayne capytayns that helde fortresses in the said coulreys agaynst the frenche kynge ; 
 these sayd lordes made suche dylygence that lliey brought dyuers of these capytayns to 
 composycion, and to the sellyng of their fortresses. Their treaty and composicyon was 
 y they shulde renounce the warre bytwene Englande and Fraunce, and durynge the 
 treuce they to go with the erle of Armynake into Lombardy, or whyder as he woldc 
 leade them, to ayde hym in his warre agaynst the lorde Galeas erle ol Vertues, who 
 had disheryted his cosyn germayns, chyldren to his vncle the lorde Barnabo, as it hath 
 ben shewed here before ; and so, what to haue their ayde, and toauoyde the countrey of 
 these robbers and pyllers, (who had done so moche hurte in the countrey, bothe to men 
 and women,) the sayd erle of Armynake, and the erle Dolphyn his cosyn, toke gret 
 payne in that mater: and at the instant requestes and prayers of the good menne of the 
 cyties and townes of the playne countreys aforesayd, so that there was a tayle gadred in 
 Auuergne, Guynaldan,'' Rouergue, Carnosyn," and in Lymosyn, to y some of two 
 hundred thousande frankes, so that poore and riche payed so moch, that dyuers solde, 
 and layde to pledge their herytages, and were glad so to do to iyue at reste in their 
 countreys ; and the good men thought by reson of payeng of this money, and aduoyd- 
 yng of the sayd fyue robbers and pyllers, that they shulde than haue ben quyte for euer 
 ol them : but it proued nat so in dyuers places, and specially of Aymergot Aiarcell,and 
 of his men ; for after that the castell of Aloys was yelden vp and solde by Aymergot 
 
 Marcell, 
 
 ' This chapter ought to be numbered CLXVI. " Chalu9et. ' Donzac. 
 
 "' Gevaudaii. ' Cahorsin. 
 
480 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 Marcell, to the erie of Aimynake, whiche fortresse stode in the herte of all Auuergne, 
 this Aymeifrot was well worthe in redy money a hudred thousande frankes, whiche he 
 had goten by lobory and pyllage, and by raunsominge of men, and patesynge of the 
 countrey, and he had kept y rule more than ten yere. Therle of Armynake desyred 
 gretiy to liaue in his company the sayd Aymergot Mercell, and thought nat to leaue 
 him behynde him for two reasons ; one was, bycause he wolde gladly haue thecounsayle 
 and aduyse of hym, for he was cxperte and subtyle in all feates of armes, both in saut- 
 ynge, scalynge, and stealynge of fortresses: the seconde reason was, the erle feared 
 that if this Aymergot shulde abyde behynde in the countrey, thoughe he hadde solde 
 to hym the fortresse of Aloyse, and other fortresses, yet he might do moche domage in 
 the coutrey of Auuergne, and Ronergue: wherfore therle made great labour to haue 
 hym ; but alwayes Aymergot dissymuled the mater, and said : Whan 1 se the certayne 
 of the erle of Armynakes departyng, than I knowe myne owne wyll is so good y I wyll 
 nat byde behynde : other aunsvvere the erle coulde nat get of hym. The erle of Ar- 
 mynake laye at Commynge, and aboute Tholousyn, in his countrey, and there made 
 his assemble, whiche voyage had been more hasted, and the voyage into Auffryke hadde 
 nat been, that letted hym a season: for dyuers knyghtes and squyers that went in that 
 voyage had promysed hym, and this voyage into Barbary came so sodenly, that it 
 hyndred his voyage. Whan tydynges was knowen in Fraunce of the treaties that the 
 erle of Armynake had made with the sayde capytayns in Auuergne, there was made as 
 moche haste as myght be to pay the money to the capytayns. 
 
 Aymergot Marsell was sore dyspleased with hymselfe in that he had solde and de- 
 liuered the stronge castell of Aloyse: for he sawe his owne auctorite therby greatly 
 abated, and parceyued well howe he was the lesse feared: for all the season that he kept 
 it, he was doubted and feared, and honoured with all men of warre of his parte, and had 
 kept a great astate alwayes in the castell of Aloyse : the patesynge of countreys that he 
 helde vnder subiection was well worth yerely twenty thousande florayns. Whan he re- 
 membred all this he was soroufuU ; his tresour he thought he wolde nat mynysshe ; he 
 Was wonte dayly to serche for newe pyllages, wherby encresed his profyte, and than he 
 sawe that all was closed fro hym. Than he sayde and imagyned, that to pyll and to 
 robbe, (all thynge consydered,) was a good lyfe, and so repented hym of his good do- 
 ing. On a tyme he said to his olde companyons : Sirs, there is no sporte nor glory in 
 this worlde amonge men of warre, but to vse suche lyfe as we haue done in tyme past ; 
 what a ioy was it to vs whan we rode forthe at aduenture, and somtyme foude by the 
 way a ryche priour or marchaunt, or a route of mulettes of Mountpellyer, of Narbone, 
 of Lymons, of Fongans, of Besyers, ofTholous, or of Carcassone, laden with clothe of 
 Bruselles, or peltre ware, comynge fro the fayres, or laden with spycery fro Bruges, 
 fro Damas,^ or fro Alysauder ;"" whatsoeuer we met all was ours, or els raunsomed at our 
 pleasures; dayly we gate newe money, and the vyllaynes of Auuergne, and of Lymo- 
 syn, dayly prouyded and brought to our castell whete mele, breed redy baken, otes 
 for our horses, and lytter, good wynes, belfes, and fatte mottons, pullayne, and wylde 
 foule : we were euer furnysshed as though we had ben kinges: whan we rode forth all 
 y coutrey trymbled for feare, all was ours goynge or comynge. Howe toke we Carlaste, 
 I and the Bourge of Compayne, and I and Perot of Bernoys tooke Caluset ?^ howe dyd 
 we scale with lytell ayde the stronge castell of Marquell, pertayninge to the erle Dol- 
 phyn ? I kepte it nat past fyue dayes but I receyued for it on a fayre table fyue thou- 
 sande frankes, and forgaue one thousande for the loue of the erle Dolphyns chyldren ? 
 By my faythe this was a fayre and a good lyfe, wherfore I repute myself sore disceyued 
 
 in 
 
 • Damascus. *• Alexandria. ' Clialu9et. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 48 1 
 
 in that I haue rendred vp the forties of Aloys: for it wolde haue hen kepte fro all the 
 worlde ; and the daye that I gaue it vp, it was fournysshed with vytayles to haue been 
 kepte seuen yere without any reuytuylynge: this erle of Armynake hathe dysceyued 
 me ; Olyue Barbe, and Perot ie Bernoys, sliewed me howe 1 shulde repente myselfe : 
 certayne I sore repent me of that I haue done. And whan suciic of his companyons as 
 had serued hyni ionge, herde hym speke those wordes, they parceyued well howe he 
 spake them with all his herte vnfayned ; than they sayd to hym : Aymergot, we are all 
 redy yet to serue you : lette vs renewe agayne our warre, and lette vs gette some stronge 
 liolde in Auuergne, or in Lymosyn, and let vs forlifye it, and than syr we shall soone 
 recouer our domages ; we shall make a goodly flyght in Auuergne, and in Lymosyn, 
 for as nowe the erle Dolphyn, and Hugh his brother, are out of the countrey, and dy- 
 uers other knightes and squyers in their company into the voyage of Barbary, and spe- 
 cyally the lorde of Coucy, who hath the souerayne regarde vnder the kynge of all those 
 marches; therfore we shall nat nede to feare hym, nor the duke of Berrey, for he is at 
 Parys, so thus we shall haue nowe a good season. Well, quod Aymergot, I haue 
 good wyll thus to do, sauynge I ame by name expressed in the chartre of the treuce. 
 What for that syr, quod his company : ye nede nat care therfore if ye lyste ; ye are nat 
 subgiecte to the frenche kynge, ye owe hym nother faythe nor obeysayunce : ye are the 
 kynge of Englandesmanne, for your herytage (whiche is all dystroyd and lost) lyeth in 
 Lymosyn ; and syr, we must lyue ; and though we make warre to lyue, the englyssh- 
 men wyll nat be myscontent with vs, and suche as be in our case wyll drawe to vs : and 
 syr, we haue nowe good tytle to make warre, for we be nat now in Auuergne, where 
 the couenaunte was made that we be bounde vnto : lette vs sende to the vyllayns of the 
 vyllages whanne we be ones in a stronge holde, and commaunde them to paye vs a tru- 
 age, or els to make theym sore warre. Well syrs, quod Aymergot, fyrst lette vs pro- 
 uyde for a stronge place to abyde in, and to draAve vnto whan we nede. Some of theym 
 sayde, syr, we knowe where there is a stronge holde, with a lytell newe fortifyenge, 
 pertaynynge to the herytage of the lorde of the Towre:" no man kepeth it: lette vs drawe 
 thyder and fortifye it, than may we at our ease rynne into Auuergne, and Lymosyn. 
 Where lyeth this place, quod Aymergot ? Syr, quod they, within a leage of the 
 Towre, and it is called the Roche of Vandoys. It is trewe, quod Aymergot, I knowe 
 it well : it is a mete place for vs, lette vs go thyder and fortify it. Thus on this purpose 
 they concluded, and on a day assembled togyther and wente to the Roche of Vandoys. 
 Than Aymergote auewed the place to se if it were worthe the fortifyenge therof : and 
 whan he had well auewed the sytuacion therof, and the defences that myght be made 
 there, it pleased hym ryght well. Thus they toke it and fortifyed it lytell and lytell, 
 or they began to do any dyspleasure in the countrey: and whan they sawe the place 
 stronge sufficyently to resyst agaynste syege or assaute, and that they were well horsed, 
 and well prouyded of all thynges necessary for their defence, than they beganne to ryde 
 abrode in the countrey, and tooke prisoners and raunsomed them, and prouyded their 
 holde with flesshe, nieale, waxe, wyne, sake, yron, and stele, and of all other neces- 
 saryes ; there came nothynge amysse to theym without it hadde ben to lieuy or to bote; 
 the countrey all aboute, and the people, wenynge to haue ben in reste and peace by 
 reason of the truce made by twene the two kinges and their realmes, they began than to 
 be sore abasshed : for these robbers and pyllers toke them in their houses, and where so 
 euer they founde them, in the feldes laborynge ; and they called themselfes aduenturers. 
 Whanne the lorde of the towre' knewe that he had suche neyghbours so nere hym, he 
 was nat well assured of hymsell'e, but fortifyed and made good watche in all his townes 
 and castelles. The countesse of Dolphyn, a ryght valyaunt lady, and of great prudence. 
 Vol. II, 3 O beingc 
 
 ' De la Tour, 
 
482 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 beinge with her chyldren in a good towne and stronge castell of hers, called Sardes, she 
 was nat well assured of herseile whan she herde that Aymergotte and his companv had 
 fortifyed y Roche of Vandoys ; she sent incontynente to all her castell, and fm nysshed 
 them wiili men of warre, as Marqnell, Ondable, Chyllac, and Blere, and into other 
 places, to the entente they shulde nat be surprysed, for she greatly douted this Aymer- 
 got, bycause he hadde of her before at one paymente fyue ihousande florayns : surely 
 all the countrey of Auuergne. and Lymosyn, Ijegan greatlye to be afrayde. Thanne 
 the knyghtes and sqnyers, and men of the good townes, as of Cleremount, of Mounte 
 Ferante, and of Ryon, determyned to sende to the frenche kinge : and so they 
 dyd. 
 
 In the meane season, whyle the sayde countesse, and the other good men of the coun- 
 trey, dyd sende to the frenche kinge, and to the duke of Berrey, who as than were at 
 Parys, Aymergot and his company fortifyed greatly the Roche of Vandoys : first, they 
 made a lodgynge for their horses. Whan all other adueturers, who were discharged 
 out of wages herde howe Aymergot made warre agayne, they were rvght ioyftdl therof, 
 and many came to hym : anone, he had rao of these robbers and pyllers than he wolde 
 haue : they demaunded no wages of hym, but all onely that they myght be of his bande, 
 for all suche as myght be of his company, they knewe well they shulde lyghtly wynne 
 somewhat, for they were habandoned to robbe and to pyll. Thus they rode vp and 
 downe and made themselfe to be knowen in dyuers places : there was no spekynge in 
 Auuergne, and Lymosyn, but of them of Roche Vandoys: the coutrey was sore afrayde: 
 they ol Caluset,' (wherof Perotte le Bernoys was capytayne,) helde and kepte fermely 
 the treuce that was made ; and whan he saw e that Aymergot Marcell ouerranne so the 
 countrey, he was sore dyspleased with hym, and sayde howe he dyd yueli, and sent 
 hym worde that he nor none of his shulde come into Caluset,'' nor into none other place 
 where he had any rewle. Aymergot cared nolhynge for that, for he hadde places 
 ynowe to drawe vnto ; besyde that he had menne ynowe, and dayly encreased, for suche 
 as were mynded to do yuell, drewe to hym dayly. Perot of Bernoys charged suche as 
 were vnder his reule, on payne of their lyues that none shulde ryde out to do any do- 
 mage to his neighbours, for he sayde he wolde surely kepe the trewce. Olyue Barbe, 
 capytayne of Ousac,'' dyssyrauled the mater, sayeng, howe he wolde kepe the treuce; 
 howebeit, as it was shewed me, some of his men somtyme wolde ryde forthe secretlye, 
 and what they wanne, he wolde haue the profyte therof. The men of the countreys of 
 Cleremount, of Mount Ferant, and of Ryon, who were goynge in message to the frenche 
 kynge, and to the duke of Berrey, they sped so in their iourneys that they came to 
 Parys, and there founde the kynge, the duke of Berrey, the duke of Thourayne, and 
 the constable of Fraunce, sirOlyuer of Clysson ; they came fyrste to the duke of Berrey, 
 and to his counsayle, and shewed the cause of their commyng; howe Aymergot Mar- 
 cell made warre, and dystroyed the countrey of Auuergne, and howe the yuell people 
 daily multyplyed, wherfore they desyred for goddessake to haue some remedy; say- 
 enge, if these yuell people shulde longe contynewe, they wolde distroy the countrey 
 of Auuergne, and the fronters of Lymosyn. Whan these tydynges came to the kynge 
 and to the duke of Berrey, they were sore dyspleased, for they had thought all had ben 
 in peace by reason of the treuce : than the kyng demaunded if they of the garyson of 
 Caluset," and Ousac,'' dyd any yuell or nat ? They aunswered and sayd, they com- 
 playned of no man, but al onely of Aymergot Marcell, and of his company, who hathe 
 fortifyed the Roche of Vandoys. Thanne the kynge and the duke of Berrey aunswered 
 and sayd : Syrs, ye good people take good hede to yourselfes, and we shall prouyde 
 
 shortely 
 
 " Chalu9et. * Donzac, 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 483 
 
 shortelya remedy, that ye shall well peiceyue; letourne to your places, and shewe this 
 aunswere to theym that sente you hyther. These good men ol' Auuergne were well 
 content with their aunswere, and taryed there two dayes, and thanne retourned and toke 
 their leaue, specyally of the duke of Berrey, and so departed. 
 
 The frenche kynge and his counsayle forgate nat these tydynges, nor the duke of 
 Berrey, whome the" matter touched greatly, bycause he helde great herytages in Au- 
 uergne : therfore he auaunced the busynesse. Ye haue herde here before howe the 
 lorde of Coucy was ordayned by the kynge and his cousayle to be capitayne, and to haue 
 the soueraygne rewle of all the countrey, fro the see by Rochell, vnto the ryuer of 
 Dordone, and to Burdeaux, on the ryuer of Geron ; as than the lorde of Coucy was nat 
 in the countrey, he was goynge in the voyage to Barbary, with other lordes of Fraunce, 
 and of other countreis; howebeit, at his departynge he ordayned his cosyn sir Robert 
 of Bethune, Vycount of Meaulx, to be his lyeutenaunt in the sayde countrey. Than the 
 kyng sayde, howe it was moost raetest that the vycount of Meaulx shulde haue the 
 charge of that voyage to go into Laguedocke, rather thane any other persone ; he was at 
 Coude,^ on the ryuer of Marne: the kynge wrote to hym : the messangere founde hym 
 -with his wyfe at Counde," and there he delyuered his letters fro the Frenche kynge. 
 The vycount receyued theym, and whane he knewe what they mente, he sayde he wolde 
 obey the kynges commaudement : he prepared hymselfe, as soone as he myght, and 
 departed fro Coude,' and rode so long that he cae to Parys, where he founde the kynge 
 and his counsayle, who sayd vnto hym : Vycount, make you redy, assemble the men 
 of warre of your retynue, for ye must go into Auuergne ; there be of thes pyllers and 
 robbers, of whome Aymergotte Mercell is chiefe, as we be enfourmed, who distroyeth 
 and sore traueyleth the goo'd people there ; do ye so moche as to driue theym out of that 
 countrey ; and if ye maye attrap the sayde Aymergotte bring hym to vs, and we shall 
 haue great ioye therof ; it is ordayned that there shal be delyuered to you suche sommes 
 of money at Cleremount, that shall suffyce for your men of warre : and to go fro hens 
 thider speke to oure treasourers, and they shall delyuer you for your expenses ; make 
 haste, for it requyreth dyligence. The Vycount aunswered howe he was redy^ and so 
 went to his lodging, and there he wrote letters to knyghtes and squyers in France, and 
 Picardy, of his acquayntaunce and retynewe, that they in all hast shulde mete with hym 
 at Charters, and there to make their musters : such as he wrote vnto obeyed, they loued 
 the Vycount, for they helde hym for a good capitayne ; so they came to the cytie of 
 Charters at their day prefyxed. There "assembled a two hudred speares of good men of 
 warre : whaiie they were assembled they departed fro Charters, and tooke the waye to- 
 wardes Auuergne, and so came into Burbonoys. Tidynges came into Auuergne, 
 howe socours was comyng to them out of Fraunce, wherof all the countrey was 
 reioysed. 
 
 It was nedefull that these men of warre came thyder so soone as they dyde, for and 
 they hadde taryed but sixe dayes lengar, Aymergot Marcell and his handle had thought 
 to haue ouerronne the playne countrey bytwene Cleremount and Moutlerante, and 
 about Ryon, to Canape:'' and if they had made that voyage they hadde done great dom- 
 mage to the countrey, more to the valewe than a hundred thousande frankes: for in 
 those marchesse laye the rychesse of Auuergne, and no man shulde liaue resysted the, 
 for the countrey as thaiie was voyde of any man of warre; and also the brute was, that 
 Aymergotte Mercelles company was farre mo in nombre thane they were indede. Ay- 
 mergotte was redy to haue made this iourney, but tidynges came to hym howesoeuer it 
 
 3 (^ 2 was 
 
 ' Conde, '' Gannat.— JoAnes. 
 
484 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 was by pylgrimes or by espyes, that the vycout of Meaulx with a great company was 
 comynge ajiaynst hym to make hym warre, and to putte hym out of his fortresse of the 
 Roche of Vandoys: these newes Jetted his enterprice, and kepte hymselfe within his 
 holde, and thous^ht they shulde be besieged. Than Aymergot Marcell began to 
 doiight, and repented hym of that he hadde done, for he knewe well if tliat he were 
 takenne, there shulde no raunsome <i;o for hym. Thanne he sayd to some of his com- 
 pany, I am shamed ; I haue beleued yuell counsayle; couyiousnesse shall distroye me, 
 without I haue conforte. Thaiie they sayde to hym, Sir, why dought ye thus ? we haue 
 sene you the hardyest man of armes of all these marchesse; we haue a good gaiyson 
 and well prnuyded, and we are men of defence, and loue as well to defende oure bodyes 
 as ye do to defende yours ; ye can lese nothynge but we must lese also: if by aduenture 
 ye be taken, ye shall make your fynaunce accordynge to reason ; ye haue good ynoughe, 
 and we haue nothynge: if we be taken, it lyeth on our heedes, we gette none other re- 
 mission; we shall sell our lyues dere. Lette vs defende ourselle as well as we can ; be 
 nat abasshed with any thynge that we here or se : we thynke we shall natte nede to care 
 for any siege: lette vs warre wisely. Thus these companyons confortgd Aymergot 
 Marcell. 
 
 The Vycounte of Meaulx with his company came forward tyll they came to Mo- 
 leyns^ in Burbonoys; there the duchesse of Burbone, doughter to tlie Erie Dolphyn, 
 receyued the Vycount and his knightes rvght honorably, and made theym to dyne: 
 than they passed forthe and laye that nyght at saynl Pursant, and fro thens to Ganape,'' 
 and so to Argre Prose," and than to Ryon, and fro thens loCleremount, where they were 
 well receyued with the bysshoppe and with theym of the towne : there the men of warre 
 had money, for there was a tayle g idered and deiyuered at Cleremont : thanne they 
 passed forthe and came to our lady of Dorcinall, a four leages fro the Roche of Vadoyes; 
 there the Vycount rested, and sente for the knyghtes and squyers of Auuergne and of 
 Lymosyn ; tiiere they assembled ; they were than to the nombre of foure hundred 
 speares one and other, and about a hundred crosbowes of genowayes : there was with the 
 Vycounte of Meaulxe the lorde of Montague, Vermendisyens,'' and his brother the 
 lorde of Dommart, and sir Bernard de la Ryuer, sir Guyllyam Butler, the lorde of 
 Domme, the lorde de la Roche, the lorde of the Towre," sir Loys Dainbyer, the lorde of 
 saynt Ampysse, and sir Robert Dalphyn, and dyuers other: and capitayns of the geno- 
 wayes were two valyaunt squyers, the one named Aubert of Nespynolle, and Callynace: 
 and as than chefe Stewarde with the Vycount of Meaulx, was a gentyll squyer called 
 Loyes of Lesglynell : these genowayes and crosbowes were armed at all peces, elles they 
 shulde nat haue past wages with the Vycount. 
 
 Wharie Aymergot Marcell and Guyot du Sail his vncle, vnderstode that these men of 
 war of Fraunce, of Picardy, of Auuergne, and of Gene,' were come to our L:idy of Dorci» 
 nail, and were mynded to come and laye siege to their holde of Roche vadoys, than they 
 adiiysed what was best for them to do to make defence: firste, they consydred well that 
 it was nat for them to kepe any horse, seyng they shulde be besieged. Nat farre of fro 
 the Roche of Vandois there was another stronge holde, called saynt Souperye, vnder 
 the rule of Aymergotte Mercell, and there was his wyfe, and thyder he sente all his 
 pages and horses and the moost parte of all his rychesse. This roche of Vandoys was 
 well fortifyed, and it stode in a stronge grounde- The lorde of the Towre*" was sore 
 blamed of them of the countrey that he had lefte that place vnfortifyed and vnpro- 
 
 uyded: 
 
 * Moulins. J" Gannat. — Johnes. ' Aigue-perses. '' From the Vermandois. 
 
 ' Dc la Tour. ' Genoa. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 485 
 
 liyded : it was comonly sayde in Auuergne, y they inyght thanke the lorde of the 
 Towre' for all the doniage they had taken, bicause he nii(i,ht well haue kepte the Roche 
 of Vandoys ; or if he wolde nat haue kepte it for cost, he uiyght haue delyuered it to 
 the men of the coiintrie, y they myght haue rased it in suche wyse that it shulde nat 
 haue ben tenable; but he left the walles hole and entyer as he founde them. This 
 Roche of Vandoys is sette amonge highe mountayns, and that rocke standeth aparte, 
 and on the one syde the walles be of a locke: they had so fortifyed it, that it coude nat 
 be assayled but on the fore parte by scrymvsshynge. The Vycount of Meaulx departed 
 fro our lady of Dorcynall, and knig^htes and squyers, and genouoys crosbowes, and so 
 came before the Roche of Vandoys^ there, lyke good men of warre, they layde their 
 siege, and lytell and lytell amended their lodgynges. Wiiane the countesse of Alfyne,'' 
 beinge at Sardes, knewe the trewe tidynges thai the Roche of Vadoys was besieged, she 
 was right ioyfull ; and bycause that she thouglit that the Vicounl of Meaulx was come 
 so farre (as out of Frauce and Picardy), that he had brought with hym no tentes nor pa- 
 uilyons, she ordayned for hym two I'ayre and good tentes, parteyning to therle Dolphyn, 
 and sente them to the Vycount, by maner oi' lendynge of them to hym, durynge the 
 siege. The vycount toke the present in good gree, and recomaunded hym hertely to 
 the countesse, thakyng her for the tentes that she had sente hym, for they shulde do 
 hym good seruyce. The lorde of the Towre* was in his owne countrey, and was -within 
 amyleofa castell of liis owne, soy he lacked nothyng: other knyghtes and squiers 
 made prouision as well as they myght ; they had vitaylles plentie fio all panes at a re- 
 sonable price: the season was fayre, drie, and bote, as in y moneth of August: the 
 Icnyghies and other copanyons refresshed theymselfes vnder the giene bowes. Than 
 tidynges came hito the boost that dyde put the lordes and their companyons in dout: it 
 was shewed them that the garisons of their enneniyes, as of Calucet'' and of Donsacke, as- 
 sembled toguyder, and were determyned in a morenynge to awake the hoost or they 
 were ware, and to reyse the siege. Than the vycount of Meaulx and his knyghtes toke 
 counsayle togyder. and determyned to sende a Iieraude to Perot of Bernoys, capitayne 
 of Calusette,' and to Olyue Barbe. capitayne of Donsac. to knowe their myndes, to the 
 entent that they weie nat surprised, but that they myght be assured of the Englysshe 
 garysos; and acccndyng as tliey had aunswere agayne, therafler to prouyde for them- 
 selfe. They sente an hcraude, and enstructed hym what he shulde do and saye. The 
 heraulde departed fio the hoost, and rode to Caluset." and there by aduenture founde 
 Perotte at the barryers with many of his company, who were there sporlyng and cast- 
 yng the stone. Than the messanger lyghted from his horse and deniaunded for the 
 capitayne : he was brought to hym, and w han he came before hym, he dyde his message 
 fro poynt to poynt. Than Perot le Bernoys sayde : f leraude, saye to youre maysters, 
 that we wyll holde and kepe as affermely and trewly the treuce that is taken bytwene 
 Englaiide and Fraunce, in lyke maner as we wolde they shulde kepe with vs ; and if we 
 knowe any of ours that wyll breke or vyolate the peace by any maner of incydent, if we 
 maye take them, we shall do suche correctyon as apaitcyneth to be doone, as we haue 
 promysed ; and we wyll that ye saye to youre maysters, that loke Avhat Aymergotte 
 hath done, was without our counsayle, for he neuer shewed vs of his purpose : we dyde 
 charge hym and all his that he shulde nat niedyll in our seignorie ; if he dyde, he shulde 
 haue an yuell ende. The heraulde was hadde into the fortresse, and there dyned. 
 Than he tooke leaue, and there was cyuen hym ten frankes ; than he departed, and de- 
 mauded the way to Don-acke, and iounde there Olyue Barbe, capitayne of that for- 
 tresse. The heraulde spake to hym in lyke maner as he hadde doone to Perot le Ber- 
 noys. Olyue Barbe answered, that in no wyse he wolde breke the treuse, bycause he 
 
 wolde 
 
 ' Df la Tour. '' Dauphin. •" Cbalu9et. 
 
486 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 •\volde nat be dishonored ; and there lie gaue hym ten frankes : and than departed and 
 retourned to his maysler before y roche of V^andoys. Than the knyghtes were sore de- 
 syrous to here lidynges ; they drewe about the vycout: there the lieraude shewed how 
 he had ben at Calyset"* and at Donsacke, and what answere he iiad of the capitayns. 
 Than the Vicount praysed moche Perotte le Bernoyes and Olyue Barbe, and was a-, than 
 out of doute, and so contynued their siege. 
 
 The siege beyng before the Roche of Vandoys, every day there Avas scrimysshino-, 
 and oftentynies some hurte with shotte of the genouoys crosbowes, for the genouoys 
 were good shoters : thus the siege cotynued a nyne wekes: tlienterprice of the garyson 
 was greatlye to the aduauntage of them within ; I shall shewe you the maner howe. 
 At certayne places they might issue out at their pleasure, in dispyght of all their enne- 
 myes, for and they shulde haue kepte them fro their issues, they had nede to haue had 
 mo than sixe M. men. Thus durynge the siege Aymergot was ryght ymaginatife, and 
 consydred all thynges, and sawe well howe he had nat done well ; but to tourne his dede 
 in good maner, and to thentent that the Roche of Vandoys shulde styll remayne vV hym, 
 he sent into Englande a varlet of his, with letters of credence to the kynge of Englande 
 and to the duke of Lancastre ; and of this purpose he brake his mynde to an vncle of 
 his, called Guyot du Sail, a man of a threscore yere of age, who had greatlye vsed 
 dedes of armes, and knewe moche of y worlde. Whan Aymergote had shewed hym 
 the maner howe he wolde sende into Englade, this Guyotte was well agreed therto, and 
 sayde howe to sende a wyse man thyder coulde do no hurte. Than they sente a varlet, 
 who had ben brought vp among them. Aymergot enstructed hym and sayde : we shall 
 sette the out of this house in safe garde out of all peryll, and thou shake haue golde 
 and syluer ynoughe: thou shalte go into Englande with these letters, one to the kynge, 
 another to the duke of Lacastre, and the thirde to the kynges counsayle ; and all these 
 letters are of credence: than they will demaunde of the the occasyon of thy comynge 
 thyder ; and after thou hast made thy recomendacion, thou shalte saye, y Aymergot 
 Mercell, their poore soudyour and subiecte, and redy with good wyll to do them ser- 
 vyce, is enclosed and beseged in a lytell fortresse parteyning to the feaultie of Lymosyn, 
 belongyng to the kynge of Englandes herytage ; and they that lye at the siege tra- 
 ueyleth and taketh great payne daylye to wyn vs that dothe defende the fortresse : and 
 the capitayne of them without is a lorde, cosyn to the lorde of Coucy, called sir Robert 
 vycount of Meaulx, set there by the Frenche kyng ; therfore desyre the kynge and his 
 counsayle, and specially the duke of Lancastre, who hath the souerayne gouernaunce 
 in Burdeloys, and of the kyng of Englades heritage in these parties, that it Avolde please 
 them to write and to comaunde the vycount of Meaulx to departe fro the siege and to 
 reyse his army ; and to Avrite to the Vycount that he is about to breke the peace that was 
 taken at Balyngham,'' bytwene Boloygne and Calays ; and bycause I am in doute what 
 aunswere the vicount wyll make to these letters (for he is somwhat stronge and fro- 
 warde) ; therfore desyre that I maye haue in lykewyse letters fro the kyng and his 
 counsayle, and fro the duke of Lancastre to the duke of Berrey ; for if the duke of 
 Berrey wyll, incontynent the siege shall be raysed ; and for the more suretie, desyre to 
 haue with y some knight of honoure of the kynges house or of the duke of Lancas- 
 ters, suche one as the duke of Berrey knoweth, and the other lordes of Fraunce, and 
 shewe hym fro me that I shall gyue hym a C. frankes. Remembre all these wordes, 
 and do thy message acordingly, and shewe the that thou spekest withall, that this lytell 
 fortresse that I haue fortified, if it maye abyde styll Englysshe, it shall come well to 
 poynte, and specially to the that wyll make warre in these parties for the kynge of Eng- 
 lande ; 
 
 ' Chalu?et. " ^ Leulinghem. 
 
THE GRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 487 
 
 lande : for the fortresse stadeth on the froters of the countrey, for therby maye be won 
 at a season in Auueijine and Lymosyn two thousande hankes. 
 
 Whan Ayinera;ot Marcell and Guyot du Sail his vncle had well enstructed this var- 
 let, and that the letters of credence were written and sealed and delyuered, the varlet 
 departed by nyght, and was well accompanyed and conueyed ai'ote to another fortresse 
 parteynN n're to Aymergot, called saint Soupery ; there he toke a horse, suche as he 
 wolde chose, for he hadde a ijreat iourney to ryde : he rode forthe through the realme 
 of Frauce lyke a Frenchenran of Aimer^ne, and so came to Calais and acquaynted hym- 
 selfe with ihe Capitayne, sir Johan Beaiiciianipe, and shewed hym parte of his busy- 
 nesse, to the entent to haue the soner passage, as he had ; so he came to Doner and than 
 toke his iourney to Lodon ; and it was his fortune that the kynge of Englande and his 
 two vncles, and the duke of Lancastre and the kynges cousayle were the same tyme at the 
 palais of Westmynster in counsayling for maters of Northumberlande: for the scottes 
 helde iiat well the truese, as complayntes were made. The same tyme Aymergottes 
 varlet came to Lodon, and there toke his lodgynge, and shewed iiis host j)arte of y cause 
 of his commynge. His host brought hym to Westmynster, and caused hym hrste to 
 speke with the duke of Lancastre, who was in his chambre ; it was or he went to the 
 counsayle ; there y varlet delyuered hym his letters: the duke toke and reed them : 
 than he drewe hym aparte, and demaunded what credence he had. Than the varlet 
 shewed hym all the hole mater, as ye haue herde here before. The duke herde hym 
 well, and demaunded if he had any mo letters ; and he sayd that he had letters to 
 the kyug and to his counsayle. That is well, quod the duke ; I shall cause the to haue 
 audyence: than the duke went to the counsayle, and whan he sawe the hour and tyme 
 he moued the varlettes mater, and by the dukes aduauncement the varlet was sente for: 
 than he delyuered to the kyng and to his cousayle the letters ; they were opyned and 
 reed ; and than he was demaunded what was his credece ; and the varlet, who was hardy 
 and nat abasshed, shewed the bu^nesse of Aymeigot Marcell right sagely, and the bet- 
 ter assured bycause euery man gaiie hym good audicce : whan he had said as moche as he 
 wolde, tha he was answered, that the kyng wolde take cousayle in the mater and make 
 an answere. Than he went out of the counsayle chambrC; and taryed tyll he had an 
 answere. 
 
 The aunswere was, that the kynge wolde write to the vycount of Meaulx and also to 
 the duke of Berrey, accordyng asAymergot had requyred, and in lykewise so pro- 
 mvsed the duke of Lancastre ; and whan the letters were writen, there was a gentylman 
 of the duke of Lnncastres apoynted to here these letters: so they passed the see, and 
 with them went Derby an heralde, the better to forther the mater, bycause he was 
 aquaynted with the lordes of Auuergne, and specially with the duke of Berrey. The 
 gentylman of the duke of Lancasters, named Herbery,'' went with the better wyll, by- 
 cause the varlette piomysed hym in the behaU'e df Aymergot a hundred frakes. Thus 
 they thre departed and came to Douer, and fro thens at a tyde to Calis ; and whan their 
 horses were vnshypped they toke the wave to Boloygne, and so throughe Picardy, and 
 went to Parys, and fro thens into Auuergne ; and whan they approched nere to Lymo- 
 gines'' and to the coutre where the roche of Vadoyes was sette, they rode about the more 
 secretely to come thyder. 
 
 Thus as I haue shewed you these messangers dyde so moche that they came nere to 
 the roche of vadoyes: whanne they were nere where the siege laye, the squyer and the 
 
 heraulde 
 
 " Cherbury. '' Limoges. 
 
488 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 heraulde thought it for the best nat to entre into the towne at that present tyme ; but 
 they sent the varlet into the towne, sayena; they \volde do well ynough without his com- 
 pany : lor they sayd if he shulde be seue with them, they at the siege vvolde suppose that 
 he had ben sente into Englande for the. The varlet obeyed, and in the night he entred 
 into V towne without dauger. Than Avmergot Marcel! .tnd Guyot du Sail made hym 
 good chere, and had marueyle that he had spedde his ioui ney in so short a space : there 
 he shewed howe he had spedde, and liowe a squier of the duke of Lacasters and a he- 
 raude was come with him, with letters fro the kvng and fro the duke of Lancastrc, bothe 
 to the Vycount of Meaulx and to the duke of Berrey, if nede were. And why, quod 
 Aymergot mercell, are they nat come hvder into this castell ? Sir, quod the varlet, they 
 sayd they two wolde do their message well inough, nor they wold haue no man sene in 
 their copany that shulde come fro you. They are the wyser, quod Guyot du Sail ; 
 therby it shall seme that the mater toucheth the kyng of Englade and the duke of Lan- 
 castre. Sir, it is trewe, quod the varlet. Of those tidynges Aymergot was ioyfull, and 
 sayde to the varlet : Thou hast wetland dilygently spedde thy maters, and that in a 
 shorte season; I shall well rewarde the for thy labour. Thus the squyer and the he- 
 raude came streight to the siege, and demauded for the Vycoutes lodgynge: they were 
 brought thyder, and there they founde the vycount beholding men castyng the stone: 
 than they kneled and saluted hym, and he them agayne, and demauded fro whens they 
 came : they answered and said, howe they cae out of Englande, sent thyder by their 
 kyngand by the duke of Lancastre. Ye are welcome, quod the Vycount : what mater 
 hath brought you into this wylde countrey ? Sir, quod the heraude, beholde here this 
 squier of the duke of Lacastres, who hath brought to you letters fro the kynge of Eng- 
 lande and fro the duke of Lancastre, if it please you to rede the ; and bycause I so- 
 what kncAve the countrey I am come in his company : than the squyer delyuered his 
 letters, and the vycount receyued them, and behelde the seales, and knewe well they 
 came out of Englande: than he tooke one aparte that coude rede, and there he reed the 
 letters fro poynt to poynt two or thre tymes, tyll he knewe well what they ment : tha 
 he studyed and regarded well the kyng of Englandes writyng, who sayd in his writynge, 
 that he had marueyle that he wolde lodge, slepe, and reste hym, with an army of men of 
 warre on his herytage ; and that he dothe daylye all that he can to breke the peace, 
 Avhiche he ought in no wyse to do, for it is greatly preiudiciall to them that haue sette 
 to their seales to the confyrmacion of the peace; and the conclusyon of the letter was, 
 howe the kyng comaunded them incontynent after the sight of his letters, that he and 
 his company shulde departe and reyse their siege, and suffre Aymergot Mercell pesably 
 to enioye the house parteyning to his heritage, whiche hath cost hym great goodes the 
 fortiheng. These wordes and suche other were enclosed in these letters, all to the ayde 
 of Aymergot Marcell. In lyke maner as the kynges letters spake, the duke of Lancaster 
 sange the same note, commaundyng lyke the excellent duke of Acquitayne and of all 
 that duchy; and whan the vicount of Meaulx had Avell aduysed hymselfe, he sayde, 
 Fayre syrs, these tidynges that ye haue brought requyreth counsayle and aduyse; I 
 shall take cousayle, and than ye shall be answered. Than they were made to drike ot 
 the vycountes wyne : in tlie meane tyme the vycount toke counsayle, for he sent for the 
 lorde of the Towre,^ and for sir Guyllyam Butler, sir Robert Dolphyn, sir Loyes Da- 
 byer, and also for the lorde Montaguy, and for sir Berat de la Ryuer, who was of his 
 house ; and whan they were all toguyder, he renewed the wordes, and shewed them the 
 cause why he had sent for them, and there caused y letters to be reed before them. 
 Whan these lordes herde that, they had great marueile how these letters coude be 
 fjrought out of Englade, for as than they had nat layne at the siege past a moneth. I 
 
 shall 
 
 ' De la Tour, 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. ^89 
 
 shall sliewe you, quod the vycount, what I suppose. Aymergot MarceU is a subtell 
 man : as soone as he sawe that he shulde be besieged, I thynke he sent incotynent some 
 messanger into Englande to attayne these letters, the whiche I niaye obey if 1 lyste : but 
 I shall answere them shortely ; but as in that the kyng of England and the duke of 
 Lancastre cumaundeth me to do, I wyll nothynge obey their comaundementes, for I am 
 natbounde to obey the, but all onelye the Frenche kynge, by whose comaundcnient I 
 am sent hyder. Call forthe the squier and the heraude ; I shall make them their an- 
 swere: they were brought forthe. Than the vycount began to speke as foloweth: 
 
 You Derby and Tomelyn Herbery," thus ye be named accordyng to the tenour of 
 your letters, and as it apereth ye be sent hyther fro the kynge of Englande and fro the 
 duke of Lancastre: they are enfourmed, I can nat tell howe, outlier by Aymergot Mar- 
 cell or by some other that wolde ayde him, and hath ben in Englande in his name, howe 
 I am at this present tyme with an army of men of warre lodged on the herytage of the 
 kyn<xe of Englandes ; and he commaundeth me to departe and reyse my siege, and to 
 suffre Aymergot Marcell peasably to enioy this lytell fortresse, whiche hathe coste so 
 moche the fortefyenge ; and also they sende me worde howe I do put myselfe in parell 
 of dyshonorynge, in that I shulde consent to breke the peace, sealed and confermed to 
 endure thre yeres bytwene the two kynges and their alyes. Fayre sirs, I say vnto you, 
 that I wyll do nothyng that shall be against the charter of peace; I wyll kepe the treuce, 
 and do nothynge agaynst it ; and though I am lodged here, it breketh no peace nor 
 treuce : I am subget to the frenche kynge, who hath sent me hyther, and hath admytted 
 me as his marshall of this small armye : for it came to the knowledge of the kynge my 
 mayster and liis counsayle. by greuous complayntes of the noble men and other of the 
 countrey of Auuergne and Lymosyn, howe they had taken great domages and losses, 
 by the meanes that^Aymergot aduysed a strong place bytwene the coutreys, which was 
 voyde and nat inhabyted ; he toke and fortefyed it, and hath nat made it a house of 
 peace or solace, but a stronge fortresse and a resortynge place for theues, robbers, and 
 murderers; whervpon I am comauded to be hereto defende the countrey, and to the 
 entent that suche as be assembled in this fortresse shulde n:it multyply in their wicked- 
 nesse, but to punysshe them by suche sentence as apartaynelh to their trespace ; and for 
 that entente I do put to my payne, to take them if 1 can ; tlie whiche coiniuindemente of 
 my mayster 1 wyll obey, and shall do my deuoyre to acquyte me truly; and Iro hence 
 I wyll nat departe whatsoeuer comaundemente I haue tyll I haue the fortresse and them 
 that be within: and if Aymergot Marcell wyll say that I am auaunced to breke the 
 peace, lette liyni come forlheand he shall be fought withall, with one that is better 
 than he, and shal cause to be proued by dyuers poyntes and artycles, that he hymselfe 
 breaketh the peace. Sirs, all thynges consydred, I make you this aunswere : ye maye 
 retourne whan it pleace you; and whan ye come there as ye wolde be, say none other- 
 •wyse nor no lesse than I haue sayde to you : for oftentymes reportes nat truely set, en- 
 fourmeth lordes oftentymes otiierwyse than the trouthe is in dede. Syr, quod the 
 squyer, we are come hyther for none other purpose but to reporte the trouth of that 
 we here and se ; and sythe ye wyll none otherwyse do, we nede no lenger to abyde here, 
 and so toke their leaue : and there was gyuen to the haraulde ten frankes, for the honour 
 of the kynge of Englande and the duke of Lancastre. 
 
 Whan they were departed they toke the hyghe way to Cleremount, and sayd they 
 Avolde agayne to Parys ; and whan they were halfe a leage on their way, than they 
 besran to entre into their mater, and savd : As vet we haue done nothynge; it behoueth 
 
 Vol. IL 3 R ^^^ 
 
 ' Cherbury. 
 
490 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 vs 10 t^o to the duke of Berrey into Auuergne, who is lorde of this countrey, for he 
 writeth hymselfe duke of Berrey and of Auuergne: the vycounte of Meaulx dare nat 
 displease the duke if he comaunde hym to departe; and we haue letters fro the kynge 
 our mayster and fro the duke of Lancastre to hym ; wherfore it is reason that we dely- 
 uer them, and that we maye knowe his entente : they concluded on that purpose, and 
 so rode to Clcremounte ; thyder they were welcome, for the haraulde knewe the coun- 
 trey ; and whan they were demauded what they were, they answered that they were 
 messangers sent fro the kynge of Englande: and than they demaunded where the duke 
 of Berrey was ; and it was shewed them that the duke and the duches was in a castell of 
 theirs, named the Nonecte. The haraulde knewe it well; he had been there before. 
 Than they departed fro Cleremount, and rode to Vyore, and fro thens to Nonect: 
 there is a hyghe mountayne to passe or one come to the castell; whan they came there, 
 y duke of Berrey with many other was sportynge without the gate: the harauld was 
 knowen with dyuers: than they were brought toy duke, who for the loue of the kynge 
 of Englande and of the duke of Lancastre, made them good chere. The squyer dely- 
 uered his letters to the duke, who receyued them, and opened and red them at length 
 two tymes ouer ; than he studyed a lytell, and answered them curtesly and sayde, Syrs, 
 for the loue of our cosyns in Englande we shall gladly do our power. Of the whiche 
 aunswere the squyer and the haraulde were ryght ioyouse, and thought than howe they 
 had sped all their mater ; but it was nat so, as ye shall here after ; howebeit, the duke of 
 Berrey at the begynnynge dyd his deuoyre to haue raysed the siege, to please therby the 
 kynge of Englande and the duke of Lancastre, who desyred that the siege myght be 
 reysed before the Roche of Vandoys, and that the lytell fortresse myght abyde styll to 
 Aymergot Marcell ; and if he haue done any thyng to dysplease the frenche kyng or his 
 cousayle, the kynge of Englande wolde se that there shulde be amendes made ; and the 
 duke of Berrey, bycause he wolde acquyte him truely to the englysshe mennes desyres, 
 suche as were in his house, he wrote incontynente letters well endyghted to the vycount 
 of Meaulx, and these letters were red or they were sealed before the englysshemen, who 
 thought them well ordayned : these letters were sente by a notable squyer of the duke 
 of Berreys to the vycount of Meaulx, who receyued them and opened them: than the 
 vycount caused them to be redde before suche lordes as were there with hym, whyle the 
 messanger was a drinkynge, for they made hym good chere, for the loue of the duke of 
 Berrey, as it was reason. Sirs, quod the vycounte, we shall nat be in rest syth the duke 
 of Berrey wyll beare Aymergot, who is the man of the worlde that this twelue yere hath 
 moste greued and traueyled the coutrey of Auuergne : I had thought that the duke had 
 hated hym greatly, butitsemeth nay, sythe he hath expressly comaunded that I shulde 
 departe fro hence; but by my faythe at this tyme I wyll nat obey this letter, but I wyli 
 make excuse by reason of the kynge and his cousayle, who sent me hyder : and at my de- 
 partynge fro Parys he straytly comaunded me that for any comaundemente fro any per- 
 sone, and if it were nat fro the kynge hymselfe, that I shulde nat departe fro hence tyll 
 I had taken the stronge holde of the Roche of Vandoys, and Armergot therin, whiche I 
 wyll do if I canne ; and nowe the duke of Berrey comaundeth me the contrary, for he 
 chargeth me incontynent, his letters sene, that I shulde reyse the syege. By my faythe I 
 wyll nat do it. Syr, quod they that were aboute hym, ye speke royally ;itid truely, and 
 we sha}l abyde with you ; but we suppose the occasion that the duke of Berrey writeth 
 thus for Aymergot is, that the englyssh squier and the haraulde hath thus desyred hym 
 to write ; we thinke also they haue brought letters to hym fro the kynge of Englande 
 and fro the duke of Lancastre, as they brought to you this other day. Ye say well, quod 
 the vicounte ; and I shall knowe it if I canne. Than the duke of Berreys squier was 
 sent for to haue his answere, and the vycount sayd to him: Pyer, I wyll well that ye 
 knowe that I owe obeysaunce to the duke of Berrey, for he is so nere a kynne to the 
 
 kynge 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 491 
 
 kynoe thai I daie iiat dysplease hyra : but I and my companyons, wlio liaiie hen liere these 
 fyue'wekes at this siege to vvyn this fortresse, and to take the ihciies that be within it, by 
 the strayte comaundement ol" the kynge and his counsayle, and we haue tiieat maiiieyle 
 (and good cause why) howe my lorde of Berrey dothe commaunde vs and maketh icqueste 
 for his enemyes that we shulde reyse our siege ; by reason of that we say generally that 
 we shal gyue ensample to all theues and robbers, suche as wyll ouerron the realme to 
 do the worst they canne ; wherfore, Pyer, ye shall say to the duke ol" Berrey Iro vs all, 
 that we are and shall be redy inclyned to do any thynge that he commaundeth vs to do ; 
 but as in this case I am so straytely enioyned and comaunded by the kyng and his cou- 
 sayle to kepe this siege, and to contynewe it tyll 1 haue the fortresse and them within at 
 my pleasure, whiche comaundemente I dare nat breke ; and say that surely I wyll obey 
 to no comaundement but alonely to the kynges, whose subget I ame, and by whome I 
 am sente hyther. But, sir, I requyre you shewe me one thynge if ye can: who hath 
 made this request for Aymergotte Marcell, who hath done so moche yuell and anoy- 
 aunce to the countrey of Auuergne and Lymosyn: and nowe he is atrapped lyke as a 
 traytoure shulde be, and is nere come to an yuell ende, whiche he hathe well deserued, 
 for he hath erred and done contrary to his othe. Syr, quod the squyer, there came to 
 my lorde the duke of Berrey two men of Englande, an haraulde and another, who 
 brought letters to my lorde fro the kynge of Englande and fro the duke of Lancastre, 
 and they made greate request for Aymergotte. I beleue you well, quod the vycounte ; 
 it was Derby the haraulde and a squyer called Herbery ;' they brought me this other 
 daye lyke letters ; wherfore I suppose that the kynge of Englande and the duke of Lan- 
 castre wrote to the duke of Berrey in this mater ; wherfore shewe to my lorde of Berrey 
 that I desyre him toconsydre all thinges well, forallthese requestes that are come fro the 
 other syde of the see are but desyres purchased by our enemyes, to the wiiicli no lorde 
 on this syde the see (if he loue the honoure and pr<>fyte of the realme of Fiaiuice) shulde 
 enclyne nor condyscende. Sir, quod the squyer, 1 shall forget nothynge of that ye haue 
 shewed me, for I loue nat Aymergot ; I had rather se his punysshmente thanne his de- 
 lyueraunce: so the squyer departed and rode to Nonecte, where he founde the duke of 
 Berrey, and dyd his message ryght sagely; the conclusyon was, that the vycounte of 
 Meaulx sayde, surely he wolde nat departe fro the siege before y Roche of Vandoys, 
 ■without the kynge sente hym strayte conmiaundemente so to do. With this aunswere 
 the duke of Berrey was nat well contente ; he had thought that as well his commaunde- 
 ment shulde haue been obeyed, specyally in Auuergne. 
 
 AVhan the englysshe squyer and Derby the haraulde herde of the answere that was 
 made to the duke of Berrey, and howe that the siege was nat raysed, they were sory, 
 and sawe well they traueyled in vayne ; than they sayde to the duke: Syr, what wyll ye 
 counsayle vs to do? shall we thus departe frome you without spedynge of any thynge 
 to purpose. The kynge of Englande and the duke of Lancastre haue great truste and 
 affyaunce in you, that ye shulde cause this siege to be reysed, bycause the Roche of 
 Vandoys is vnder our signoury. Syrs, quod the duke, sufTre a season ; Aymergot Mar- 
 cell is in a stronge place, he nedeth nat to feare takyng, without a great vnhappe ; and 
 shortely I purpose to goo into Fraunce to the kynge. and thanne I wyll speke with the 
 kynge and his counsayle : and for the loue of my cosyns of Englande I shall do the 
 beste I canne to bringe the matter to passe, and ye shall go with me and se howe I shall 
 spede. Widi those wordes the squyer and the haraulde were contente. Than the 
 fourth day after the duke departed lio Nonecte, and lefte there the duchesse his wyfe 
 with a gret parte of his householde, and so the duke rode to Ryon in Auuergne, and 
 
 3 R 2 there 
 
 ' Cherbury. 
 
492 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 there he taryed more thanne eyght dayes, for the erie of Sanxere and the lorde Rule,' 
 Avho were gone to Auignon aboute the dukes busynesse ; and whan they were come they 
 departed fro Ryon all logyther, and toke the waye throughe Burbonoys, and at laste 
 came to Bourges in Berrey, and there the duke taryed two dayes ; than he rode to Mehun 
 on tlie ryuer of yeure to a caslell, one of y fayrest houses of the worlde ; as thanne the 
 duke had newly bylte it, and it had coste hym thre hundred thousande frankes; there 
 the duke taryed fyftene dayes, wherwith the Englysshe messangers were sore troubled ; 
 howbeit, they coude fynde none other remedy. The duke as than, made lytell force for 
 the delyueraunce of Aymergot ; I shall shewe you howe and by what meanes. So it 
 was the erle of Sanxere and the lorde of Rule' who were chefe of the dukes counsayle, 
 with syr Peter Mespyn, they in fayre maner blamed the duke, and sayde howe he hadde 
 nothinge to do to medeil with the busynesse of Aymergot, sayenge that his lyfe halhe 
 been ahvayes dyshonourable, and howe that he was but a false palyarte, and alwayes 
 agaynste the crowne of Fraunce : and had doone many vyllayne dedes and roboryes in 
 Auuergne and in Lymosyn, and how that he was no mete parsone to be entreated for ; 
 wherfore, syr, quod they, suffre the kynge and his counsayle to deale with hym as they 
 lyste. These wordes and suche other refrayned the duke of Berrey to speke any further 
 in the mater ; howebeit, the two englysshemen dyd their best to remembre the duke ; 
 and the duke dissymulynge, aunswered them curtesly, and sayde, Syrs, suflTre a season; 
 we shall be shorteiy at Parys ; but for all his wordes he taryed styll at Mehun more 
 thanne thre wekes, deuysynge with his mayster workeman, as keruers and paynters, for 
 therin he had great fantasy: he had a mayster workeman called maister Andrewe,'' as 
 than one of y best workeraen of the worlde, an Englyssheman borne, but he dwelte in 
 Fraunce and in Haynalte a longe season. 
 
 Nowe shall I shewe you what fortuned of Aymergot Marcell, and of the roche of 
 Vandoys. This Aymergot was a farre castynge man ; and whan he sawe that y siege 
 Avas nat reysed, he thought well that the kyng of Englandes messangers coude nat spede 
 of their sute : than he thought on another turne, as to departe thens, and to ryde nyght 
 and daye to speke with the capitaynes of Piergourf^ and Pyerguyse, and with Guyot of 
 saint Fayth,'' and Ernalton of saynt Colorabe, and Ernalton of Rostem, Johii of Morsen, 
 Pier Danchin, and Remonet of Copayne, and withdyuers other gascoyns and bernoyse 
 in the englysshe garysons : and he thought that with his fayre wordes he shulde cause 
 them to assemble togyther, and to come into Auuergne on truste to wynne great botyes ; 
 and so on a mornyng or in the night to come and reyse the siege before Vandoys, and to 
 take there the frenchemen prisoners, whiche shulde be worthe to them a hundred thou- 
 sande frankes, besyde other botyes. Thanne he shewed his vncle, Guyot du Sail, all 
 his purpose ; who answered him, and said. Sir, I se in this nothynge but good, for other- 
 wyse we can nat be delyuered fro these frenchemen. Well, vncle, quod Aymergot, I 
 shall do this message myselfe, syth ye counsayle me therto ; but I shall desyre you of 
 one thynge or I departe. What is that ? quod he. It is so, quod Aymergot, that 
 whatsoeuer skrymysshe that the frenchemen do make, issue you in no wyse out of the 
 gates, nor open nat your barryers, for and ye do, ye may rather lese than wynne. Sir, 
 quod Guyot, I shal be ware ynough therof ; we shall kepe ourselfes close here within 
 tyll your retourne, or that we here tydynges fro you. Well, fayre vncle, I requyre you 
 
 so 
 
 ' De Renel. — Johnes. ^ I am sorry that the French copies forbid me to recognize this " master 
 
 workman" as a countryman : the proper sense of the passage is, " He (the Duke) planned with his 
 master workman, Andrew Beau-neveu, various improvements in painting and sculpture, in which he 
 had great taste ; for this master Andrew was unrivalled for his many fine works in France, in Hainault 
 (of ■which he was a native), and in England. 
 
 ' Perigord. * St. Foix. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 493 
 
 so to do, for they cannP nat displease vs none other ^vayes ; as for their assautes or skry- 
 mysshes ye nede nat feare, so ye kepe yoursclfes close witliin. Thus within thre dayes 
 after, Aymertrote departed fro the Roche of Vandoys, all onely acopanyed with a pa^e ; 
 he passed forth without daunger of the frenchemen : his entensyon was to brynge thy- 
 der companyons aduenturers to rayse the siege. Many of them that were within the 
 house knewe nothyng of his departure, for he myght departe whan he lyst without 
 knowleo^e. Euery day there was skryniysshynge and assautes at the barryers, and 
 within a fyue or sixe dayes after y departure of Aymergot there was a great assaute 
 made by the frenchemen in thre partes. This Guyot du Sail was a good man of armes, 
 and longe tyme had vsed the exercisyng therof ; hovvebeit, as on that day he fortuned 
 yuell, by reason of a lytell pryde : for he brake the ordynauncc that his cosyn Aymer- 
 got had set, or he departed, for he had charged hym that for any maner of assaute he 
 shulde nat issue out of the barryers: at this assaute there were thre squyers of the 
 french party, two of Auuergne and one of Bretayne, who were skrimyssliiug valyauntly 
 vpon a pane of a wall nere to the fortresse : these thre squyers aboue all other, that daye 
 dyd moste valyauntly ; they of Auuergne were called Rycharde de la Violecte, and Lu- 
 binot of Rochfort ; and the breton was named Mouadykc, who was taken before in Ly- 
 mosyn in the castell of Vanchador,^ and was parteynynge to sir Willyam Butler. The 
 assaute endured tyll nyght. These thre squyers atcheued there great laude and prayse; 
 but for all their traueyle and payne they wan nothyng. Than at another assaute the 
 vicount of Meaulx made a busshment of twelue men of armes and their companyes, and 
 layde them in an olde house without the fortresse, and commanded another sorte to go 
 and skrymysshe at the barryers, sayenge : I thynke surely we shall se them within issue 
 out, for they are couetouse to wyn ; if they do so, than withdrawe yourselfe lytell and 
 lytell tyll they be past our busshment, than they shall breke out, and also retourne you 
 agayne; thus they shall be enclosed and taken or slayne. This is the best way that I 
 can se for our aduauntage. Thus as the vicount had deuysed and ordeyned it was done; 
 they were named that shulde lye in the busshment, as Loys of Lesglynell, Robert of 
 Bertencourte,, Guylliam de Saulsoy, Pyer du saynt Vydall, Guyonet Villeracque, Pier 
 of Colle, and John Salmage, with other, to the nombre of twelue: they layde themselfe 
 in an olde house without the fortresse, and another sorte went and skrimysshed at f 
 barryers, as Belynot'' of Rochfort, Rycharde of Violecte, and the Monadyke, with 
 other: they were fresshly armed and aparelled, to thentent that they within shulde haue 
 the morecorage to issue out to them ; they were also twelue alonly : whan they came to 
 the barryers they began to skrymysshe but faintly, and lyke suche persones as coulde 
 but lytell skyll of feates of armes ; wherfore Guyot du Sail made lytell force of them, 
 but issued out and sayde to his companyons: by saynt Marcell we wyll issue out, for at 
 the barryers be a sorte of yonge copanyons, for by that they shewe, they knowe but lytell 
 of dedes of armes, but we shall teche them to knowe it ; they shal be all our prisoners ; 
 they can nat escape vs : therwith they opened the barryers and issued out, fyrste Guyot 
 du Sail, and remembred nothynge the charge that Aymergot had gyuen hym at his de- 
 partynge ; for the great desyre that he had to do dedes of armes. and to wynne somwhat, 
 made him to begyn the skrymysshe. Whan the frenchmen sawe that Guyot du Sail 
 and his company were come out of their barryers they were ryght ioyfull ; than they 
 began to drawe backe lytell and lytell, and they of the fortresse pursewed them, and 
 they wente so farre that they passed the busshment : and whan they sawe their tyme they 
 brake out of their busshment bytwene them and the fortres, cryeng, Coucy the vycount: 
 thus they of the fortresse were inclosed both before and behynde. Whan Guyot sawe 
 that, he knewe well he had doone amysse, and sawe well it was harde for hym to scape ; 
 
 than 
 
 ' Ventadour. * Before called Lubinot. 
 
494 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 than he reciiled to get agayne to his a,aryson, but the IVenchemen were in liis vvaye. 
 Whervnto shulde 1 make longe processe ? Tliey were all taken, nat one escaped ; ihey 
 were brought to the vycountes lodgiiige before the knyghtes, who hadde great ioye of 
 their takynge. 
 
 Thus by the counsayle of the vycoiint of Meaulx, Guyot dii Sail and his company 
 were atrapped and taken and brought before the lordes of Frauiice and Auuergne. 
 Whan the vycount sawe Guyot du Sail, he demauuded where Aymergot Marcell was, 
 and charged hym to saye the trouthe, for he thought he had ben still in the fortresse. 
 Guyot du Sail aunswered, howe he coulde nat tell where he was, for he was departed 
 a twelue dayes paste. Than the lordes thought surely that he was gone to purchace 
 some ayde. Than the prisoners were comaunded aparte, and the vicount demaiided of 
 the knightes of Auuergne what were beste to do vviih Guyot du Sail and with his com- 
 pany: sayenge howe he wolde vse hymselfe acordyug to their counsayle. Than syr 
 Willyam Butler aunswered and sayde : Syr, quod he, 1 suppose that Aymergot is gone 
 for socour and to rayse vp the companyons in the garysons of Pyergourt^ and Pyer- 
 guyse, for he shall fynde some alwayes there to come vpon vs earely or late or we be 
 •ware of theym, wlierby they maye do vs domage for any peace or trewce that is taken : 
 This Aymergot is a subtyle man. Syr, let vs do one thyug: shew vnto Guyot du Sail 
 and his company, thatwithoul tiiey cause the fortresse to be rcndred into your handes, 
 that ye wyll stryke of all their heedes incontynente, and without they do thus let it nat 
 be spared. This counsayle is good, quod the vycounte. for in dede the cliefe occasyon 
 that we be come hyder for is to bane this fortresse; and though we can nat haue at this 
 tyme Aymergot Marcell, another season sh ill fortune ryght well. Than the vycount 
 and the lorde of the towre,** syr Roberte Dolphyn, and other, came befoie the fortresse 
 as nere as they niyght aproche; and thyder was brought Guyot du Sail and his com- 
 pany. Than the vycount spake, and sayd to Guyot du Sail : Guyot and all otlier of 
 your company, knowe for troulhe that incontynent all your heedes shall be stiyken of, 
 without ye yelde vp the fortresse of the Roche of Vandoys ; and if ye wyll rendre it 
 vp, we shall suffre you to go quyte. Nowe aduyse ye well what way ye wyll take, 
 other lyfe or deth. Of those wordes Guyot and his company were sore abasshcd ; at 
 last they thought it was best for them to sane their lyues. Than Guyot answered and 
 sayde, Syr, I shall do the best I canne that the lorcresse may be yelden to you. 1 han 
 became to the barryer and spake with them that were within, who rekened themselfes 
 clene dyscomfyted, seynge they hadde lost their two maysters and the best of their 
 company: as soone as Guyot hadde spoken with them, and declared what case they 
 stode in, they agreed to yelde vp the fortresse condicionally, y they myght departe 
 •with bagge and baggage as moch as they coulde cary, and to haue respyte for a moneth 
 to withdrawe them whyther they lyste : all this was graunted to them, and a sure saue- 
 conducte made and sealed. Thus the frenchemen had the Roche of Vandoys dely- 
 uered, by reason of their good fortune of their last skrimysshe ; wherfore it is comeniy 
 sayde, that all fortunes good and yuell falleth often tymes in armes to them that foloweth 
 ivarre. 
 
 Whan the Roche of Vandois was yelded vp to the lordes of Fraunce and Auuergne, 
 they of the conntrey were ryght ioyous therof, and the lordes helde well and truely 
 the promesse that they had made to Guyot du Sail. Whan they had carved away as 
 moche as they coulde do, than they departed with good assuraunce for a moneth to go 
 whyder it pleased them. Than the vycount of Meaulx abandoned the Roche of Van- 
 doys 
 
 ,' Perigord. *■ De la Tour. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 495 
 
 doys to the men of the countrey, who incoiilyiieiite dycl rase it downe, in suche wyse 
 that they leftc no wall hole, nor liousc, nor stone vpon stone, but all was reversed to the 
 erthe. The frenchcmen that were thcr in the kinges seruice with the vycount, toke their 
 leuesofthe kny;j;htes and squyers of Auuerc;ne : so they departed, and they of Auuergne 
 and Lyinosyn went to their owne houses. The vycoiiut of iMeaulx gaue leaue to parte 
 of [lis company, and he went to Rochell and lodged at saint Johans Dangle,^ to kepe 
 there the fronter, for in the coutrey there were some pyllers and robbers that ran some- 
 tyme into Xantoigne whan they sawe their aduauntage. In the maner and fourme as I 
 haue shewed you, y fortresse of tlie roche of Vandoys was coquered and rased downe, 
 wherof all the countrey was ioyfuU, for than they were in better suretie than they were 
 before ; for to say the trouth, if it had cotynued, it wolde haue done them many dis- 
 pleasurs. Tydynges of this dede came to the knowled2,e of the duke of lierrey to Can- 
 telon, a place of his owne, standynge bytwene Charters and Mount le Ilerrey, a nyne 
 leages fro Parys : he cared nothing for it, for he was as than but colde to axe any grace 
 of the kynge for Aymergot. Whan Derby the haraulde was infourmcd by some of the 
 dukes knyghles howe the Roche of Vandois was taken and belcn downe, than he sayde 
 to the squyer that came tliyder with hym : syr, ye haue lost a hundred fratikes that Ay- 
 mergot had promysed to you. Howe so ? quod l!ie squicr. Surely, quod the harauld, 
 the Roche of Vandoys is gyuen vp and rendred ; the fVenchemen haue wonue it; ther- 
 fore lelte vs take our leaue of the duke of Berrey, and rctourne into Englaude ; we haue 
 nothynge here to do. Well, quod the squyer, sythe it is so, I accorde therto. Than 
 they toke their leaue of the duke. Than the duke wrote to the kynge of Englande and 
 to the duke of Lancastre, and gaue to the haraulde at his departynge xl. fraiikes, and to 
 the squyer a horse: thus they departed, and toke the next waye to Calays, and so into 
 Englande. Than tydinges came to Aymergot Marcell, where he was purchasyng of 
 frendes to haue reysed the siege before the fortresse of Vandoys, that it was gyuen vp. 
 Whan he herde therof he demaunded howe it fortuned: it was shewed hym howe it was 
 by reason of a skrymysshe, and by the issuyng out of his vncle Guyot du Sail vnad- 
 uysedly. Ah, that olde traytour, quod Aymergot; by saynte Marcell, if I had hym 
 here nowe, I shulde sle hym with myne owne handes ; he hath dyshonoured me and all 
 my companyons: at my departynge I straytely enioyned hym that for no maner of 
 assaute or skrymysshe made by the frenchmen he shulde in no wyse open f barryers, 
 and he hath done the contrary : this domage is nat to be recouered, nor I wote nat 
 whether to go ; they of Caluset'' and they of Donsac wyll kepe the peace, and my com- 
 panyons be spiedde abrode lyke men dyscomfyted ; they dare neuer assemble agayne 
 togyther ; and though I had them togyther, yet I wote nat whyder to bring them : thus, 
 all thynge consydred, I am in a harde parte, for I haue grelly dyspleased the french 
 kynge, the duke of Berrey, and the lordes of Auuergne, and all the people of the coun- 
 trey, for I haue made them warre the peace durynge ; 1 had trusted to haue won, but I 
 am nowe in a great aduenture to lese, nor I wotte nat to wiiom to resorte to axe coun- 
 sayle. I wolde nowe that I and my goodes with my wyfe were in Englande; there I 
 shulde be in surety; but howe shulde I get thyder and cary all my stufe with me? I 
 shulde be robbed twenty tymes or I coulde gette to the see, for all the passages in Poic- 
 tou, in Rochell, in Fraunce, in Normandy, and in Pycardy are straytely kept; it wyll 
 be harde to scape fro. takyng; and if I be taken, I shall be sente to the Frenche kynge, 
 and so 1 shall be loste and all myne. I thynke the surest way for me were to drawe to 
 Burdeaulx, and lytell and lytell to get my good thyder, and to abyde there tyll the 
 warre renewe agayne, for I haue oood hoope that alter this treuce warre shall be open 
 agayne bytwene Englande and Fraunce. Thus Aymergot Marcell debated the matter 
 
 in- 
 
 ~ ' St. Jean d'Angely. ' Chalu^et. 
 
496 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 in hymselfe; he was heuy nnd soiowf'ull, and wyste nat what waye to take, oiithei to 
 recouer soe fortresse in Anuergiie, or els to go to Biiideaux, and to seiide fur his wife 
 thider, and for his goodes iyteil and lytell secretely : if he hadde done so, he had taken 
 the surest waye ; hut he dyde contrary, and therby hist all, lyfe and erodes. Thus for- 
 tune payeth the people whan slie hath selte the on the highest parte'of her whele, for 
 sodainly she reuerseth them to the lowest parte, ensample by this Ayniergotte. It was 
 sayde he was well worthe a hundred thousande frakes, and all was lost on a daye ; 
 Tvherfore 1 may well saye that fortune hath played her pagiaunt with hym, as she liath 
 done with many mo, and shall do. This Aymergot in all his trybulacios, reniebred 
 hymselfe howe he had a cosyn germayne in Auuergne, a squyer named Tournemyne, 
 and determyned to go to hym and to shewe hym all his trouble, and to take counsayle 
 of him : as he deuysed, so he dyd : he and his page all onely came to y castell where 
 Tournemyne was, thynkyng to haue ben there in suretie, bicause of lynage ; but it 
 proued contrary, for this squyer was nat in the duke of Berryes grace nor fauor. Whan 
 he sawe his cosyn Aymergot in his house, he aduysed to take hym prisoner and to ad- 
 uertyse the duke of Rerey, y if he wolde forgyue hym his displeasure and yuell wyll, 
 he wolde send hym Aymergot mercell, to do with hym his pleasure : and as he had de- 
 uysed so he dyde, for whan Aymergot was within his cosyns castell, and brought to a 
 chabre, than he layde by his swerde and chaunged his aparyll ; than he demauded of the 
 seruauntes and sayd, Where is my cosyn Tournemyne ? as yet I haue nat sene hym. 
 Sir, quod they, he is in his chambre ; please it you to come and se hym? With ryght 
 a good wyll, quod Ayniergotte ; and the seruauntes knewe ryght well their maysters 
 pleasure. Whan Aymergot had chaunged his aparell, and doone of a Cote of defence 
 that he was wont vsualy to weare, and layde awaye his swerde, than he sayd. Sirs, lette 
 vs go ; I wolde se my cosyn Tournemyne ; it is longsithe I sawe hym. They brought 
 him streight to Tournemyne, and whan he came to hym, Aymergot dyde salute hym, 
 as he that thought none yuell. Than Tournemyne aunswered and saide: Howe is it, 
 Aymergotte ? who sente for you to come hyder? ye wolde dishonour me; wherfore I 
 take and arest you as my prisoner; otherwyse I shulde nat acquyte myselfe truely to 
 the crowne of Frauce, nor to my lorde the duke of Berrey, for ye are a false traytour; 
 ye haue broken the truce, wherto ye must answeie ; and for your cause my lorde of 
 Berrey hateth me deedly ; but nowe I shall make my peace by you, for 1 shall delyuer 
 you to hym, outlier quycke or deed: with the whiche wordes Aymergotte was sore 
 abasshed, and saide, Howe so, sir ? I am youre cosyn : is this for certaynte ye shewe 
 me, or do you speke it to assaye me ? I am come hyder on the great trust that I haue in 
 you, to shewe you my businesse, and you to make me such cruell chere and to gyue me 
 so harde wordes, I haue great marueyle therof. I can nat tell, quod Tournemyne, 
 what ye wyll say ; but this that I haue said I shall fulfyll: and so layde hades on hym : 
 and his seruauntes, knowynge their maisters pleasure, toke Aymergot without any de- 
 fece makyng, for he was without weapen or arniure, and also enclosed in the castell; 
 for any w oi des that he coulde saye, there he was taken, and yrons putte vpon his legges 
 and layde in a towre, and sure kepars about hym. 
 
 Whan this was done he caused the castell gate to be shytte, and toke the keyes hym- 
 selle, and commaunded all his seruauntes, on payne of their lyues, none of them to be 
 so hardy to go to the gate without he sent them thyder. His comaundenient Avas vp- 
 holde. Than he wrote letters at his pleasure, dyrected to the duke of Berrey, certify- 
 eng hym howe he hadde Aymergot Marcell in prisone, and that if he wolde pardone 
 hym his yuell wyll, he wolde delyuer Aymergot into his handes. Whan this letter 
 was written and sealed, he commaunded one of his seruauntes, suche as he trusted, to 
 go into Fraunce to the duke of Berrey, and to delyuer hym his letter, and to recomende 
 
 hym 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 497 
 
 hym lowly to liym, and nat to retourne without an aiiswcre. The varlet toke the letter, 
 and mouted on a g;ood horse and so departed, and rode so longe that he came to Parys, 
 where the duke ol' Berey was, and there delyuered to hym his niaisters letter. The 
 duke toke v letter and reed it and smyled therat, and sayd to suclie knyghtes as -were 
 about hym : sirs, wyll ye here newe tidynges? Aymergot marcell is taken prisoner ; his 
 owne cosyn germayne, Tournemyne, hath taken hym : y knightes answered and sayd: 
 sir, it is good tidynges for the countrey oF Auuergne and of Lymosyn, for they haue 
 had of hym a longe season an yuell neyghhour ; he hath done so moche yuell, that if it 
 please you he were worthy to peyse the gybet ; he ought to haue none other raunsome 
 nor pardon. lean nat saye, quod the duke, what the kyng and his counsayle wyll saye 
 therto ; I wyll speke with them therin. It was nat longe after but that the duke of Ber- 
 rey toke a barge on the ryuer of Seyne, and so came to the castell of Lour," where the 
 kyng and his cousaile was ; he shewed there these ne^es ; he caused the letter that 
 Turnemyne had sent hym to be reed, of the whiche tidynges euery man was ioyfuU, 
 and the lordes saide, it is well sene that suche maner of robbers and pillers can neuer 
 coe to a good ende. Than the duke of Berey was desyred to sende for hym by the 
 seneschall of Auuergne, and to be brought to Paris, and to be put in y castell of saynt 
 Antonies : furthermore it was ordayned, that Tournemyne, for the good seruice he 
 hadde done to the crowne of Frauce, that all displeasures sliulde be clene forgyuen hym ; 
 and thervpon letters patentes were made and sent to hym by his seruaunt, wherof he 
 was well content, and trusted on those letters. Than within a shorte space after, the 
 seneschall of Auergne, by a comission fro the duke of Berrey, came to the castell of 
 Tournemyne, and there Aymergot Marcell was delyuered to hym, wherof Ay-mergotte 
 was sore abasshed whan he sawe hymselfe in the copany of his enemies. Wherto 
 shulde I make loge processe? the seneshall caried hym with men of armes along 
 through the countrey, and passed the ryuers of Seyne and Alarewe,'' by the bridge of 
 Charenton, and so fro thens to the castell of saynt Antonies; there the Vicount Darchy 
 was charged with hym, who as thafie was capitayne of that castell ; he kepte hym nat 
 long, but y he was delyuered to the prouost of the Chatelet of Parys: and trewe it was, 
 Aymergot offred for his raunsome threscore thousande frankes, but it wolde nat be 
 taken ; he was answered, the kyng was riche ynough : after that he was sente to the 
 Chatelette, he was nat long kepte there, but that he was iuged to dye shamefully lykc 
 a traytour to the Crowne of Fraunce ; and soo on a daye he was caryed in a chariot to a 
 place called the Halles, and there sette on the pyllary ; than all his trespasses were reed 
 before hym : and by hym was sir Wylliam of Trune, who spake moche to hym : it was 
 thought \ it was to knowe the state of certayne capitayns in Auuergne, and whether 
 they were consenting to his dedes or nat. The lordes knewe well, but I coude neuer 
 haue knowlege therof. Thus he was executed, his heed stryken of, and his body 
 quartred, and the quarters sette at euery gate of Parys. To this ende came Aymer- 
 gotte Marcell : as of his wyfe and of his goodes I knewe nat what becae further of 
 them. 
 
 The LouTre. ' Maine. 
 
 Vol. II. 3 S Hovit 
 
49S ■ THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 Howe the chrysten lordes and the genowayes heyng in the ysle of Conymbres'' at ancre, 
 departed thens to go and laye siege to the strange cytie of Aufryke in Barbary, and 
 howe they viaynleyned the siege. 
 
 CAP. CLXXI." 
 
 WHEREAS I haue spoken at length of the lyfe of Aymergot Mercell, it was to 
 furnysshe this hystoiie: for the condycioiis hothe of yuell and good ought to be ahvayes 
 treated in a hystory, and specially whan it toucheth any great feate, for ensaniple of 
 other, and to gyue mater and occasyon to do well ; for if Aymergotte had ledde his lyfe 
 in good vertues, he had ben a man of great valure : and bycause he dyde the cotrary he 
 came to an yuell ende. 
 
 Nowe let vs leaue spekyng of hym, and let vs retourne to the hyghe enterprice that 
 the Christen knyghtes of Fraunce and other nacvons dyd in that season in the realme 
 of Aufryke, and 1 wyll begyn there as I lefte. The sayd lordes assembled in the ysle 
 of Conymbres,' after they had passed the tempestes and paryls in the Goulfe of Lyon ; 
 there they taryed eche for other, for there were in the cytie of Aufryke a xxx. thou- 
 sande: in this ysle of Conymbres' they were a nyne dayes, and refresshed them ; and 
 there the patrons of the galees sayde to the lordes: Sirs, we be in the lande next aproch- 
 yng to the marchesse of Aufryke, whider by the grace of god ye are purposed to go and 
 laye siege ; wherfore it is behouable to take coUisayle eche of other, howe we niaye entre 
 into the hauen, and to take lade ; to saue ourselfe, it is best we sende formast our lytell 
 shyppes, called Brigandyns, and let vs tary in the mouthe of the hauyn, y first day that 
 we aproche and all the nyght after : and the nexte mornynge to take lande, by the grace 
 of god at our leysar, and than lodge ourselfes as nere the cytie as we maye, without the 
 shotte of their artyllary ; and let vs sette our crosbowes genouois in order, who shal be 
 redy to defende all scrimysshes ; and we suppose well, that whan we shall take ladynge 
 ye haue here! your copanyes many yong squyers, who to enhaijce their honours wyll 
 requyre to haue the order of knighthode : instructe them wisely and swetely howe they 
 shall mentayne themselfes ; and, my lordes, knowe for trouthe, that all we seemen shall 
 acquyte vs vnto you well and truely, and alwayes shewe you by what maner of order we 
 shall moost greue our eneniyes ; and we shall take payne and study howe the cytie of 
 Aufryke may be won, for ofte tymes they haue done vs great domage : for on that coste 
 it is the chiefe key of Barbary and of the realmes tliat foloweth: first, the realme of Au- 
 frike, of Mallorques," and of Bougy ;'' and if god of his grace wyll consent that we maye 
 wynthis cytie of Aufrike, all the Sarazyns wyll trymble,to the realme of Liby" and Sury,* 
 so that all the worlde shall speke therof ; and by the ayde of otlier christen realmes and 
 ysles marchyngnere to Aufrike, we shall always be refreshed with vitayls and newe men : 
 for this is a comon voiage, for euery man wyll desyre dayly tododedes of amies, and spe- 
 cially on goddes enemyes: and thus in the coclusion of their prucesse the patrons said, 
 lordes, we say nat this by no presupcion, nor by maner as to teche you what ye shulu 
 do ; but this that we haue sayd is all onely for loue and by humilyte, for ye be all noble 
 men sage and valyant, and can better order euery thyng than we can deuyse and 
 speke. Than the lorde of Coucy said: sirs, your good counsayle and aduyse ought 
 gretly to content vs, for we se nothyng therin but good ; and, sirs, be ye sure that we 
 shall do nothyng without your cousayle, for ye haue brought vs hyder to do dedes of 
 armes. 
 
 Thus 
 
 " Before called Commeres. According to Johnes, Commino. '' This chapter ought to he 
 
 numbered CLXVJI. ' Morocco. '' Bugia. ' Lybia. ' Syria. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 499 
 
 Thus in the presence of the duke of Burbone, the lordes and other cousayled toguy- 
 der in the ysle of Conynibres," how they myght aproche y strong towne of Aufryke. 
 Wlian euery thyng was well aduysed and sette in good order by the admyrall and pa- 
 trons of the gulees, and that wynde and wether serued them, eiiery lorde entred into 
 his galee amog their owne men, liauyng great desyre to encoutre with their enemyes 
 the sarazyns. ' Than the triipettes blewe vp at their departyng: it was great pleasure to 
 beholde their ores, howe they rowed abrode in the see, whiche was peasable, cahne, and 
 fayre, so that in maner the see shewed herselfe that she had great desyre y tlie christen 
 men shulde come before the stronge towne of Aufryke. The christen nauy was goodly 
 to regarde and well ordred, and it was great beautie to se the baners and penons of silke, 
 with the armes and badges of y lordes and other, wauyng with the wynde, and shynyng 
 agaynst the sone ; and within an hour of noone the christen men perceyued y hygh 
 towres of the towne of Aufrike, and the farder they sayled the nerer it shewed to 
 their syghtes ; wherfore euery man reioysed, and good cause why, seyng all they de- 
 syredto coe thyder : they thought tha in a maner their paynes released and their voyage 
 accomplysshed. Thus as they aproched to thentre of the realme of Aufryke, they co- 
 muned and deuysed among themselfe ; and in lyke maner the sarazyns that were within 
 the towne of Aufryke spake and deuysed and were sore abasshed whan they sawe their 
 enemies aproche with suche a nombre of sayles, and sayde, that surely they were lykely 
 to be besieged; howebeit, they thought their towne so strog with towres and walles and 
 with artyllary, that therwith they reconforted and toke corage : and to gyue warnyng to 
 the country (as soone as they sawe their enemyes on the see on the hyghe towres, they 
 sowned tymbres and tabours, accordynge to their vsage, in suche wyse, that the men 
 abrode in the countrey drewe toguyder. Suche men of Barbary as had" ben sente thyder 
 by the kynge of Aufryke, and by the kynge of Thunes and Bougy," whan they knewe 
 of the Christen meniies comynge, by reason of the noyse of the tvmbres and tabours, to 
 thentent th;it they shulde nat entre to farre into their coutreis, euery man tooke hede 
 to his charge, and sente certayne of their capitayns to the see syde, to se the aprochyng 
 of y Christen men, and to beholde their dcalyng that nyght; also they prouyded to 
 defende the towres and gates about the hauyn of Aufryke, to the entent that by their 
 negligece the towne of Aufryke shulde take no d5mage, whiche towne was so strong, 
 that it was nat lykely to take great hurte without longe siege. And I, Johan Froyssart, 
 auctour of this cronycle, bycause I was neuer in AuVryke, and bycause I myght truely 
 write the maner and fascion of this enterprice, alwayes I desyred suche knyghtes and 
 squyers as had ben at y same voyage to enforme me of euery thyng ; and bycause I had 
 been oftentymes in my dayes at Calays, I demaunded also of suche there as had ben at 
 the sayde voyage ; and it was shewed me of a suretie that the sarazyns amonge them- 
 selfes sayde, howe the Christen men that were there were expert and subtyle men of 
 armes ; whervpon an auncyent sarazyn sayd to all his company : Sirs, all thynges cosy- 
 dred, it is best that the Christen men at the begynnyng se nat our strength and puis- 
 saunce, nor also we hauenat men sufTyciet to fyght with them, but daylye men wyll coe 
 to vs ; wherfore I thynke it best to sufFre the to take lade ; they haue no horses to ouer 
 ron the countrey ; they wyll nat sprede abrode, but kepe togyder for feare of vs: the 
 towne is stronge ynoug'he and well prouyded, we nede nat feare any assautes : the ayre is 
 bote, and wyll be hotter: they are lodged in the sonne, and we in the shadowe ; and 
 they shall dayly wast their vitaylles, and shal be withoute hope to recouer any newe and 
 they lye here any long season ; and we shall haue pletie, for we be in our owne coun- 
 trey ; and they shall oftetymes be awaked and scrlmysshed withall, to their domage and 
 to our aduauntage : lette vs nat fight with them, for'otherwyse they can nat disconfyte 
 vs ; they haue nat ben vsed with the ayre of this countrey, whiche is contrary to their 
 nature: I thynke this the best waye. 
 
 SS2 To 
 
 ' Commino. ' Tunis and Bugia. 
 
500 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 To the saieng; of this aucient knight sarazyii all other agreed : thane it wascomaunded 
 on payne of dethe that no man shulde go to the see syde to scrymysshe with the Chris- 
 ten men without they were comaunded, but to kepe themselfe close in their lodgynges, 
 and sufTre the cristen men to lake lande. This determynacion was vpholde, none durst 
 breke it : and they sent a certayne of their archers into the towne of Aufryke, to ayde 
 to defende it. The Sarazyns shewed themselfes nothyng, as though iher had been no 
 men in the countrey. The Christen men lodged all that night in the mouthe of the 
 hauyn of Aufryke, and the nexte mornynge the wether was fayre and clere, and the 
 ayre in good temper, and the sonne rose, that it was pleasure to beholde: thaiie the 
 Christen men began to styrre, and made the redy, hauynge great desyre to approche the 
 towne of Aufryke, and to take lande. Than trumpettes and claryons began to sowne 
 in the Gallees and vesselles, and made great noise ; and about nyne of the clocke whan 
 the christen men had taken a lytell refresshynge with drinke, than were they reioysed 
 and lighted ; and accordyng as they had apoynted before, they sent in fyrst their lyght 
 vesselles called Brigandyns, well furnisshed with artyllary : they entred into the hauyn, 
 and after them came the armed Galees, and the other shyppes of the flete in good order : 
 and tournynge towardes the lande by the see syde, ther was a strong caslell with hyghe 
 towres, and specially one towre whiche defended the see syde, and the lande also ; and 
 m this towre was a bricoU or an engyn whiche was nat ydell, but styll dyde cast great 
 stones amonge the Christen mens shyppes ; in lykewise in euery towre of the towne 
 agaynst the See syde, there were engyns to caste stones ; the sarazyns had well pro- 
 uyded for their towne, for they loked euer longe before whane they shulde be besieged. 
 Whan the Christen men entred into the hauen of Aufryke to take lande, it was a ple- 
 saunt syght to beholde their order, and to here the claryons and trumpettes sounde so 
 hyghe and clere; dyuers knightes and valyaunt men of the realme of Frauce sprede 
 abrode that day their baners, with dyuers other newe made knyghtes: the lorde Johan 
 of Lignye was there firste made knight, he was of the countrey of Chauny :^ he was made 
 by the handes of a cosyn of his, named sir Henry Dantoygne, and there he sprede 
 abrode first his baner, the felde golde, a bende of goules ; and in his companye was his 
 cosyn germayne the lorde of Hauret, in Chauny.^ Thus the lordes, knyghtes, and 
 squyers, with great desyre auaunced them, and toke lande and lodged on the lande of 
 their enemyes in the sight of the false sarazyns, on a wednisdaye in the euenyng of 
 Mary Magdaleyne, in the yere of our lorde god a thousande, thre hundred, and four- 
 score,'' and as they toke lade they were lodged by their marshalles. The sarazyns that 
 were within y towne praysed moche the christen menes order, and bycause that the 
 great Galees coulde nat aproche nere to the lande, the men yssued out in bottes, and 
 toke lande and folowed the baner of our lady. 
 
 The Sarazins that were within the towne, and suche as were abrode in the countrey, 
 suffered the Christen men pesably to take lande, for they sawe well it shulde nat be for 
 their aduauntage to haue fought with them at their landyng. The duke of Burbone, 
 who was as chefe of the christen armye there, was lodged in the myddes of his company 
 ryght honorably, his baner displayed, poudred, full of Floure du Lyces, with an ymage 
 of our Lady in the myddes, and a scochynne with the armes of Burbone vnder the fete 
 of the ymage. 
 
 Fyrste, on the ryght hande of the duke there was lodged his brother sir Guylliam of 
 Tremoyle," with his penon, and the lorde of Bordenay with his baner, and sir Helyon 
 of Lygnacke with his penon, the lorde of Tours with a penon; and than the Henowers 
 with the standerde of the lorde Wyllyam of Heynaulte, as than erle of Ostreuaunt, 
 
 eldest 
 
 • Hainault. '' 1390. ' Tremouille. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 501 
 
 eldest Sonne to the duke Aubert of Bauyere, erle of Heynaulte, of Hollande, and of 
 Zelande : the deuyse in y standerde was a Herse' golde, standyng on a bell' oroules ; 
 there was the lorde of Haureth w his baner, the lorde of Ligny with his baner, and than 
 sir Philyppe Dartoys erle of Ewe with baner, the lorde of Matefelon with baner, the 
 lorde of Calam with penon, the Seneschall of Ewe with penoi^, the lorde of Lynyers 
 with baner, the lorde of Thune'' with baner, the lorde of Ameuall with baner, sir 
 Water of Champenon with penon, sir John of the Castell Morant with baner the 
 marshall of Sanxeres brother with penon, the lorde of Coucy with baner beste apoynted 
 nexte thedukeof Burbone, sir Stephyneof Sanxere with penon: than the Freche kynges 
 penon with his deuyce, and therby was sir Johan of Barroys, wkh the penon of his 
 armes: than sir Guylliam Morles with baner, and the lorde of Logueuall with penon, 
 sir Johan of Roye with baner, the lorde of Bourse with penon, the Vycount Dausney 
 with baner, the lorde admyrall with baner, called Johan of Vyen. 
 Novve here after foloweth they on the dukes lyfte hande. 
 
 On the lyfte hande of Loyes duke of Burbone were lodged as foloweth : First, the 
 lorde of Ausemont of Bauyere," and sir Johan of Beauforde, bastarde sonne to the duke 
 of Lancastre, with his baner displayed, sir Johan Butler Englysshe with a penon, sir 
 Johan of Grama with a baner, the Souldyche of Lestrade with penon, sir Johan Har- 
 court with baner, and y lorde Beraulte erle of Cleremount, and the Dolphin of Au- 
 uergne with baner, and sir Hugh Dolphyn, his brother, with penon, the lorde of 
 Bertencourt with penon, the lorde Pyer Buffyer with baner, the lorde of saynt Semere 
 with baner, the lorde of Louuart, marshall of the boost, with baner, the lorde Begue 
 of Beausse with penon, the lorde of Louuy with baner, sir Gerarde of Lymosyn, his 
 brother, with penon, the lorde of saynt Germayne with baner ; and than the penon and 
 staderde with the deuyce of the duke of Burgoyn, sir Philyppe of Barre with baner, sir 
 Geffray of Charney with baner, sir Loyes of Poicters with penon, sir Robert of Calobre 
 with penon, the vycount of Ses with baner, the lorde Montague with baner, the lorde 
 ofVyle Neufe with penon, sir Wyllyam of Molyne with penon, the lorde of Logny 
 with penon, sir Angorget Damboyse with penon, sir Aleyne of Chapayne with penon: 
 all these baners and penons were sette in the front before y towne of Aufryke ; and be- 
 syde that, a great noinbre of other knyghtes and squyers, ryght valyaunt men and of 
 highe corage, were lodged abrode in the'felde, 1 can nat name them all, also it wolde be 
 to'long a vvrityng: there were a fourtene thousande all gentylmen : it was a companye 
 to do a great feate, and to susteyne a great batayle, if the sarazyns had come forthe to 
 haue gyuen them batayle, whiche they dyd nat, for as on y day they shewed no maner 
 of defence, but castyng out of their towres great stones. 
 
 Whan the Christen men were lodged as well as they myght, and refresshed themselfes 
 with suche as they had brought with them, for they myght nat ryn abrode in the coun- 
 trey to gather bowes of trees to make with all their lodgynges, for it had ben to thdr 
 domage if they had aduentured themselfe abrode ; the lordes had tentes and paudios 
 that they had brought with them fro Geane."* Thus they lodged in good order; the 
 crosbowes of the genouoys were lodged on the wynges, and closed in the lordes ; they 
 occupyed a great space of groude, for they were a great nombre ; all their prouisyons 
 were in the galees, and all the day the maryners conueyed their stuffe to lande by bottes ; 
 and whan the christen ysles adioynyng, as Naples, Cicyll, and also the mayne landes, 
 as Puylle,' and Galabre, whan they knewe howe the Christen men had besieged the 
 
 strong 
 
 1 A Harrow, or, on a field gule«. " Thim. ' "With a baner." " Genoa. 
 
 ' Apulia. 
 
502 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 strong castell of Aufryke, they dyd what they coude to vitayle the christen army, some 
 to haueaduautafre therhy, and some for loue and affection that they had to the genouoys ; 
 fro the ysle of Caude" came to them the good malueysies in great plenty, without whiche 
 conforte they coude nat longe haue endured, for they were a <»;rcat nombre, and good 
 drinkers and good eaters ; howebeit, their prouisyons came nat alwayes to the in lyke 
 maner, for somtyme they liad plentie, and some season they wanted. 
 
 Nowe I shall somwhat speke of the sarazyns, as well as I haue done of the christen men, 
 as it is reason to coclude all thynges. 
 
 Trewe it was that they of Aufrike. and of Barbary, knewe longe before howe the 
 genowayes hadde thretned them, and they loked for none other thyng, but the same 
 yere to be besieged, as they were indede: they hadde made prouisyon to resyst agaynst 
 it; and whan the tidynges were sprede abrode in the countrey howe that the christen- 
 men were come to Aufryke they were in dout, for he is nat wise that feareth nat his 
 ennemyes, thonghe they be neuer so fewe ; liowebeit, the sarazyns reputed liie christen 
 men right valyant and good men of warre, wherfore they greatly douted them ; and to 
 the entent to resyst and to defende the fronters of their countreys, they assembled to- 
 guyder of dyuers parties, as they of the iande and seignorie of Aufrike, and of the 
 realme of Maroche,'' and of y realme of Bougye," the best men of warre in all those 
 countreis, and suche as leest feared dethe. Thus they came and lodged on the sandes 
 agaynst the christen men, and they had behynde them an highe wode, to thentent that 
 they shulde receyue on that syde no domage by meanes of busshmentes or scrimysshes ; 
 these sarazins lodged themselfesright sagely and surely : they were of men of warreaxxx. 
 thousande good archers, and ten thousande horsemen, and mo ; howebeit, the Christen 
 men coude neuer knowe surelv what nombre they were, for they supposed they had a 
 greater nombre lodged in the woodes, whiche myght ryght well be, for they were in 
 their owne coutre, and might go and come into their host at all houres, without paryll 
 or dommage at their owne lybertie : they were oftentymes lefresshed with newe vitayls 
 brought to them on somers and camelles. And the secode day that the Englysshemen 
 had been a Iande, in the mornyng at the breke of the day, and that the same nyght the 
 lorde Henry Dantoygne had kepte the watche with two hundred men of armes, and a 
 thousande crosbowes genowayes, the sarazyns came to awake and to scrimysshe with 
 theym, whiche endured the space of two houres; there were many dedes of armes 
 atchyued, but y sarazins wolde nat ioyne to fyght hande to hande, but they scrimysshed 
 with castyng ofdartes and shotynge, and wolde nat folysshely aduenture theselfes, but 
 wisely and sagely reculed. The christen boost than apparelled them to go to the 
 scrimysshe, and some of the great lordes of Fraunce came thyder to se the demeanour 
 of the sarazyns, therby to know another tyme their maner in skrymysshynge. Thus 
 the sarazyns drewe to their lodgynge, and the crysten men to theirs : and durynge the 
 siege the crysten men were neuer in suretie nor rest, for outher euenynge or mornynge 
 the sarazyns wolde awake them and skrymysshe. Amonge the sarazyns there was a 
 yonge knight called Agadingor Dolyferne, he was alwayes well mounted on a redy and 
 a lyght horse, it semed whan the horse ranne, that he dyd flye in the ayre ; the knyght 
 semed to be a good man of armes by his dedes : he bare alwayes oT vsage thre fedred 
 dartes, and ryght well he coulde handle them, and acordynge to their custome he was 
 dene armed with a long whyte towell aboute his heed : his aparell was blacke, and his 
 owne coloure browne, and a good horseman. The crysten men sayde they thought he 
 dyd suche dedes for the loue of some yonge lady of his countrey ; and trewe it was that 
 he loued entyrely the kynge of Thunes doughter, named the lady Azala: she was en- 
 
 herytour 
 
 * Candia. ' Morocco. ' Bugia, . 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 503 
 
 herytour to the rcalme of Thunes, after y discease of the kyn^^ her father: this Aga- 
 dingor was sonne to the duke of Olyferne : I can nat tell if they were marycd togyther 
 after or nat, but it was shewed mc that this knyght ior loue of the sayd lady durynge 
 the siege dyd many feates of amies. The knyghtes of Fraunce vvolde layne haue taken 
 hym, but they coulde neuer atrape nor enclose him, his iiorse was so swy't and so redy 
 to his hande, y alwaies he skaped. 
 
 The crysten men wolde gladly haue taken some sarazyn, to the entente to haue 
 knowen the state of the towne and countrey, but lor all their skrymysshynge they 
 coulde neuer gette none. The sarasyns toke good hede to themselfe, and dyd pauesse 
 themselfe agavnst the crosebowt s genouoys : they were nat so well armed as the cristen 
 men, it was nat their vsage, nor they had no armorers, nor metall to forge harnesse 
 withall, for most comenly they lacke yron and Steele : they be euer armed in lether, and 
 beare largettes aboufe their neckes couered and made of Cureboley" of Capadoce, no 
 wepen can perce it and the lether be nat bote, so that -whan they come nere to their 
 enemyes they cast their dartes all at ones ; and whan the genouoys do shote at theym, 
 than they couche themselfe loM-e and couer them with their targes, and whan the shotte 
 is paste, than they caste agayne their fedred dartes. Thus the space of nyne wekes 
 durynge the siege they oftentymes skrymysshed, so that dyuers were hurte on bothe 
 parties, and specially suche as lyghtly without auysement aduentured themselfe. Thus 
 the crysten men toke good hede to themselfe, and so dyd the sarazyns on their parte, 
 and the lordes of Fraunce, and suche other as were come thyder to their ayde, gladly 
 regarded the dealynge of the sarazyns: to s:iye the trouthe to lordes of astate, and to 
 gret men, all newelties are dylectable, and if the crysten men hadde pleasure to beholde 
 them, the sarazyns had as great pleasure to rcgarde the maner of the crysten men: 
 amonge them there were yonge lusty knyghtes, who had great pleasure to beholde the 
 armure, baners, standardes, and penons, with rychesse and uoblenesse that was amonge 
 the crysten men, and at nyght whan they were at I'leir lodgynges they spake and de- 
 uysed : but as it was shewed me there was one thynge amonge them to be marueyled at, 
 I shall shewe you what. 
 
 The sarazyns within the towne of Aufryke had great marueyle by what tytell or in- 
 staunce y the crysten men came thyder so strongly to make them warre ; it was shewed 
 me howe they toke aduyse amonge them howe to knowe the trouth therof, and deter- 
 myned to sende to the crysten men to knowe their myndes, and so toke a truchman"" that 
 coulde speke Italyan, and commaunded hym to go to the crysten host, and to demaude 
 of them in what tytle and instaunce they are come to make vs warre, and why they be- 
 come so strongly into the empyre of Barbary, and into the lande of Auffryke, and saye 
 howe we haue in nothynge trespased them ; of a trouth afore this tyme there hath ben 
 warre bytwene vs and the genouoys, but as for that warre by reason ought nat to touche 
 the crysten men of farre countreys of; as for the genouoys are our neyghbours, they 
 take of vs and we of them, we haue been auncyente enemyes and shall be, excepte whan 
 treuce is bytwene vs. With this message the trucheman'' departed, and rode to the 
 crysten army, and mette fyrst with a genoway, and shewed hym howe he was a mes- 
 sanger sent fro y sarazyns to speke with some lorde of Fraunce. The genoway had to 
 name Anthony Marthy, he Avas a centuryon of the crosbowes : he brought this mes- 
 sanger to the duke of Burbon, and to the lorde of Coucy, w ho gladly herde hym speke, 
 and the wordes that he spake in his owne langage, the centuryon genoway expowned 
 
 theym 
 
 ' Boiled hydes. — " His jambeux were of cidrbouly." — Chaucer's ' Rime of Sire Thopas.' 
 ^ Interpreter. — Mimhen. 
 
504 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 theym in fienche. Whan this messanger had declared his message, he des) led to haue 
 an aunswere. The lordes of Fiauncesayde he shulde haue, but first they woide take 
 aduyse in the mater. Than a xii. of the greatest lordes drewe togyder to counsayle in 
 the duke ul' Burbons tent, and concluded, and so sent for the messanger ; and the ge- 
 nouoy made him his answere in al their names ; Sayeng, howe the tytle and quarell that 
 they made warre in was, bycause the sonne of god, called Jesu chryst, and trewc pro- 
 I'yte, by their lyne and generacyon was put to deth and crucyfyed : and bycause they 
 had iudged their god to deth without tytell or reason, therfore they wolde haue amendes, 
 and punysshe that trespace and false iudgement that they of their lawe had made ; and 
 also bycause they beleued nal in the holy baptyme, and are euer contrary to their faythe 
 and lawe ; nor also bycause they beleued nat in the virgyn Mary, mother to Jhesu 
 Cryst : for these causes and other, they sayd, they toke the sarazyns and all their secte 
 for their enemyes, and sayd howe they wolde reuenge the dispytes that they had doone, 
 and dayly do to their god and crysten faythe. With this answere the treuchman re- 
 tourned without parell or domage, and shewed to his maysters all as ye haue herde. 
 At this aunswere the sarazyns dyd nothinge but laugh, and sayd howe that aunswere 
 was nothynge reasonable, for it was the iewes that put Chryst to dethe, and nat they. 
 Thus the siege styll endured, euery party making good watche. 
 
 Anone after, the sarazyns toke counsayle togyder, and determyned that a seuen or 
 eight dayes togyther they shulde suffre the crysten men in reste, and nat to make anv 
 maner of skrymysshe with them, and than sodaynly on a nyght about the hour of myd- 
 nyght to sctte on the boost, trustynge therby to do a great feate : as they ordayned so 
 they dyd, and an eyght dayes togyther they made no skrymysshe ; and on the ix. day 
 about mydnight they secretly armed them with such armure as they were accustomed to, 
 and so came close togyder without any noyse nere to the lodgynges of the crysten men. 
 and had enterprysed to haue done a great feate, and to haue entred, nat on that side 
 that their watche was on, but on the other parte of the felde, where there \Yas no watche 
 kept ; they had come to their ententes, and god properly had nat ben agaynst them, in 
 shewynge of apparante myracles : I shall shewe you howe. 
 
 As the sarazyns aproched, they sawe sodenly before them a great company of ladyes 
 and damosels, all in whyte colour, and one in especyall who in beauty without com- 
 parison exceded all the other, and there was borne before her a baner all of w byte and 
 reed within; with this syght the sarazyns were so abasshed, that they lacked spyrite and 
 force to go any further, and so stode styll, and the ladyes before them. Also it was 
 shewed me that the Genouoys had a great dogge in their company that they brought* 
 with theym, but they knewe nat fro whence he came, there was none that chalenged 
 the dogge to be his, whiche dogge dyd theym great seruyce, for the sarazyns coulde 
 neudr come so pryuely to skrymysshe, but the dogge wolde bay and make suche brewte 
 that he wolde nat rest tyll such as were aslepe were awaked; euery man knewe whan 
 they herde the dogge baye, that the sarazyns were commyng to skrymysshe with them, 
 wherby euer they aparelled themselfe to resyst them : the genouoys called the dogge, 
 our ladies dogge. The same season that the sarazyns stode styll in a traunce, and the 
 ladyes before them, this dogge was nat ydell, but he made gret brute, and ranne bayeng 
 fyrst to the stande watche ; the lorde of Coucy, and sir Henry Dantoigne, kept the 
 watche that night. Whan euery man herde this dogge make suche brute, they rose 
 and armed them redy, for they knew well that the sarazyns dyd aproche to awake 
 them : and trewe it was that the vyrgyn Mary and her company was before them, to 
 
 defende 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 50s 
 
 defende the crysteii men fro all parelles, so that they toke that nyght no maner of do- 
 mage, for the sarazyns durst nat aproche, but retourned to their lodgynges: and alter 
 that, the crysten men toke better liede to their watche. 
 
 The sarazyns knyghtes and squyers, suche as vere in y towne of Aufryke, and spe- 
 cially suche as had sene these ladyes, were so abasshed that they wyste nat what to 
 thynke: and the crysten kniglites and squyers that lay at the siege, stndyed day and 
 nyght howe they myght wyn tiic towne ; and they within studyed agayne howe to de- 
 fende their towne. The .season was bote and drye, for the sonne was in his moste 
 strength, as in the monelh of August, and tiie marches of Aufryke are ryght hoote, by 
 reason of the sande, and also they be nerer to the sonne than we be: and the wynes that 
 the crysten men had, came fro Pulle,' and Calabre, and they be hote and drye, farre fro 
 the nature of the french wynes, >vherby many fell into hoote feuers : and to consydre 
 acordynge to reason, I can nat tell howe the Irenchemen, and other of lowe countreys, 
 collide endure the payne of the hote and grose ayre that they founde there, without re- 
 fressbynge of good, swete, and fresshe water, whiclie they lacked there: yet they made 
 fountaynes and welles in the sande, whiche dyde tlieym great pleasure, for there they 
 founde fressh water ; howbeit, oftentymes the water was sore chafed by reason of the 
 heate ; and also oftentymes they bad great defaute of vytaylles, and some season they 
 had ynough comynge fro Cicyll, and fro other isles adioynynge : suche as were hole, 
 comforted them that were dysseased, and suche as had vytaylles, departed with theym 
 that lacked, otherwyse they coulde nat haue endured, they dalte eche with other lyke 
 bretherne and frendes. The lorde of Coucy specyally had the chyefe resorte of gen- 
 tlemen, he coulde behaue hymselfe swetely amonge them, moche belter than the duke 
 of Burbone, for the duke was somewhat of an high corage, proude, and presumptuous, 
 nor spake nat so swetely nor so humbly to knyghtes, squyers, and straungers, as the 
 lorde of Coucy dyd : moste comenly the duke of Burbone wolde sytte all daye without 
 his tente with his legges acrosse, and whosoeuer wolde speke with bym, it behoued him 
 to haue a procurer, and to make great reuerence ; he consydred nat tbe state of poore 
 men so well as the lorde Coucy dyd, wherfore he was more in the grace and loue of the 
 people, thanne the duke of Burbon was : and as it was shewed me by dyuers knyghtes 
 and squyers straungers, that in their opynyons if the lorde Coucy had ben soueraygne 
 capytayne alone, they had sped otherwyse than they dyd, for by reason of the pride of 
 the duke of Burbon, many featesand enterprises were lefte vndone : it was the opynyon 
 of many that he kepte hymselfe sure ynough fro takynge. 
 
 This siege enduringe before the towne of Aufryke, whiche contynewed a Ix. dayes 
 and one, there was many skrymysshes made on bothe parties, abrode and at the bar- 
 ryers of the towne: it was nedefull for them within to make good defece, for against 
 them was the floure of chyualry and squyry. The knyghtes aduenturers sayd one 
 to another: If we maye get this towne with assaut« or otherwyse, than we may refresshe 
 ourselfes in it all the wynter, and at somer some great armye of crysten men wyll come 
 hyther, for therby we and they shall haue a goodly entre into the realmes of Barbary, 
 Aufryke, andThunes: than other dyd say : wolde to god it were so, for thanne suche 
 as shulde be lodged here shulde lye honorably, for dayly they shulde be redy to do 
 dedes of armes. They that were within the towne doubted greatly the mater, wherfore 
 they tooke great payne to defende themselfes: the great heate and brinnynge of the 
 sonne dyd put the crysten men to great payne and traueyle, for whan they were in 
 harnesse, by reason of the heate, it brente them within their armure: marueyle it was 
 
 Vol. II. 3 T that 
 
 * Apulia. 
 
506- THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 that any skaped the dethe by reason of the heate, for about the inyddes of August the 
 ayre was sore corrupted. Besyde that there fell another marueylous incydente, whiche 
 if it had longe endured, they had ben ail deed without stroke : so it was that by reason 
 of the great heate and corrupcyon of the ayre, there fell amonge them suche a sorte of 
 great flyes, that they couered all the boost, for no man wyste howe to defende hymselfe, 
 and euery daye a weke togyder they encreased, wherof euery man was abasshed ; howe- 
 beit, by the grace of god and the vyrgyn Mary, to whome euery man auowed themselfe, 
 on a day dyd sende a remedy; there fell suche an hayle and lyghtenyng IVo heuen that 
 it slewe all the sayde flyes, and by reason of this hayle the ayre was brought into a good 
 temperatenesse, wlierby y knyghtes and squyers were in a better astate than they were 
 before. 
 
 Whosoeuer had been in the case that these crysten men were in aty tyme, it [must 
 haue behoued tliem to take euery thynge in gree, they coulde nalhaue iiad euery thynge 
 with wysshynge, nor at their demaunde ; whan any fell sicke it behoued them Co be well 
 kepte, or els they shulde haue dyed : but they were come thyder with so good wylles 
 and affection, that they purposed honourably to accomplysshe their voyage, whiche 
 mynde greatly supported the to endure payne "and traueyle ; all thynges that was mete 
 for their com[)lexions they wanted, for nothynge came to them out of the realme of 
 Fraunce, tydynges nor other, nor in Fraunce they knewe no more of them ; somtyme 
 there came to the army fro the cylie of Barcelone, in the realme of Aragoii, in a galey, 
 prouysion, wherin was mo orenges and pomegarnettes, than any other thynge ; these 
 frutes yet refresshed greatly the appetytes of the crysten men, but whansoeuer any galey 
 came to them, it retourned nat agayne, what for doute of the encoutryng of the sarazyns 
 on the see, as for to abyde there to se the conclusyon of the siege. The yonge kynge 
 of Cicyll oftentymes sente to the boost vytaylles, for he was the nexte crysten prince 
 adioynynge. If the sarazyns had ben of that strength to haue stopped the passage of 
 the see fro them, and to haue kepte fro them suche vytayls and prouysions as came to 
 the armye fro Pule,* Calabre, Naples, and Cicyll, the crysten men had been deed 
 •without any stroke, stryking; but they made no warre but by lande, nor also they be nat 
 of suche puyssaunce on the see, nother in galees nor in other vessels, as the genouoys 
 and venysians be ; for if the sarazyns be on the see it is but by stelthe, for they dare nat 
 abyde the crysten men, without they haue farre the aduautage ; a galey with crysten 
 men well armed, wyll discomfyte four galees of sarazyns. Trewe it is, the turkes are 
 of greater force, and better men of armes, oulher by lande or by see, than any other 
 secte of the myscreantes contrary to our beleue, but they dwell farre of fro the lande 
 of Aufryke, the affrikans can nat be ayded by the ; the turkes had certayne knowledge 
 howe the towne of Aufrvke was besyeged by the crysten men, they wysshed them often- 
 tymes there. 
 
 The crysten men studyed howe to do domage to the sarazyns, and in lykewyse so 
 the sarazyns agayn st the chrysten men, studyed howe to delyuer their coutrey of 
 them. And on a day Agadingor Doliferne, Madefer de Thunes, Belyns Madages, 
 and Brahadyn of Bougy,'' with dyuers other sarazyns, deuysed amonge themselfes, and 
 sayd : beholde here the crysten men our enemyes, who lye here before our faces in our 
 owne countrey, and yet we can nat discomfyte them, and they are but a handefuU of 
 men, as to the regarde of vs ; howebeit, we thinke veryly they haue some great confort 
 of some valyaunt men out of their owne countreys, for at no maner of skrymyssh that 
 wc can make, and for all that euer we can do, we can take neuer a prisoner: for if we 
 
 myght 
 
 * Apulia. ^ Bugia. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 507 
 
 vnyo;ht take one or two of their valyaut men, it shulde be greatly to our honour, and by 
 them to knowe iheir demeanour and puyssaunce, and what they purpose to do. Syrs, 
 quod Ao^adinivor, let se what counsayle is best in this case: as for me I am one of the 
 yon2;est, yet 1 speke fyrst. We are contente therwith, quod all the other, say what ye 
 wyll. Syrs, quod he, I desyre greatly to do some dede of armes with some crysten 
 man, and I thynke veryly if I were matched with one todyscomfyte hym in playne ba- 
 tayle ; and syrs, if yc wyll do so that we myght fynde a xx. or xxx. valyaunt men 
 amonge vs, I shall cause and I canne, the crysten men to sette forlhe as many ; our qua- 
 rell is good, for they hauc no cause of reason to make warre against vs, and I thynke 
 what by reason of our iuste quarell, and the good corage that we be of, shall gyue vs 
 victory. Than Madyfer of Thunes aunswered and sayd : Syr, in your wordes is no- 
 thyng but honour; to morowe if ye wyll ryde and be in the former fronte of the batayle 
 with a trucheinan with you, and make some token that ye wolde speke with some crysten 
 m^n, and than do you somoche as to oflfre the batayle of x. of yours agaynst ten of theirs, 
 than shall ye here and se what they wyll aunswere, and yet howe so euer they answere 
 we may be aduysed what we wyll do: at leste the crysten men shall repute vs the more 
 valyaunt. They all agreed to that apoyntmente, and so passed that nyght; the next 
 mornyng they rode forth to skrymysshe with their enemyes, and Agadingor formest, 
 mounted on his good horse, and his truchenian with him. The dnye was clere and 
 bright, and a lytell before the sonne rysynge the sarazyns set themselfe in ordre of ba- 
 tayle. The same nyght sir Willyam of Tremoyle" had kept the watch on y crysten 
 parte, and with hym sir Guy his brother. Than the saiazins apered before the cristen 
 men within a thre crosbowe shot, and Agadingor had his truchman by him : he rode on 
 before all his copany, and made token to speke with some crysten man, on the one wynge 
 ofthefelde: and a gentle squyer, called AffVenall, seyng the sarazyn, and the sygnes 
 that he made, rode fro his company, and sayd : Syrs, stande styll here, and I wyll go 
 and speke with yoder sarazyn, and torne agayne to you : he hulh a truchman with hym, 
 he cometh to speke with some man : this squier came to y sarazyn, who taryed for him. 
 Than the truchman said, ye crysten man, are a noble man and a man of armes, and 
 redy to gyue aunswere to our dcmaunde? I am suche a one, quod AfTrenall : say what 
 it pleace you, ye shal be harde and receyued. Than quod the tiuchemau : syr, beholde 
 here a gentleman and a nobleman of ours, who demaundeth the batayle to fyght with 
 youhande to hande, and if ye wyll haue mo, we shall fynde to the nombre of sixe of 
 ours redy to fight with vi. of yours, and the quarell of our men shal be this ; they say 
 and wyll iustifye that our faythe is better and more of valure than yours, for our faythe 
 and lawe hath ben written syth the begyuning of the worlde: and as fur your lawe was 
 foiidc out by one man, whome the iewes hanged on a crosse. Ah, syr, quod Affrenall, 
 speke no further of that mater; it appertaygneth nat to the to speke or dispute our fayth 
 and lawe; but say to this sarazyn, that he swere by his fayth and beleue to afferme the 
 batayle, and let hym bringe to the nombre of x. all gentlemen of name and armes, and 
 within this thre houres I shall bringe as many to try the mater. The truchman resyted 
 those wordes to the sarazyn, who be semyng had gret ioy to accept and afferme the ba- 
 tayle. Thus they toke this enterprise bytwene them twayne and departed, and returned 
 to their owne companyes. Tydinges herof came to sir Guy of Tremoyle,'' and to syr 
 Willyam, his brother, and whan they met with Affrenall, they demaunded fro whence 
 he came, and what he had done with the sarazyn. Than Affrenall shewed hym all the 
 hole mater, and how that he had taken the batayle, wherof the sayd two knightes were 
 ioyfull, and sayd: Aff'renall speke toother, for we two shall be of the nombre of the 
 *en. Syr, quod Affrenall, as god wyll, so be it: I trust I shall fynde ynowe that wolde 
 
 3 T 2 ^^ 
 
 ' Tremouille. 
 
508 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 be glad to fy^lit with the sarazyns. Anoiie after, Affrenall mette with the lorcle of 
 Thune,' and shewed hym the aduentiue, and deniaiided if he wolde be one of the com- 
 pany. The lorde of Thnne" wolde nat refuse, but gladlye graunled to be one of their 
 company : lor euery one that Affrenall dyd gette he myght haue goten a C. if he had 
 wolde. Sir Boucyciuaut the yonger, syr Helyons of Linguae, syr Johan Russell en- 
 glysshe, sir Johan Harpedon, Aleys Bodet, and Bochet, all these accepted the batayle: 
 Whan the nombre of ten were acconiplisshed, euery man drewe to their lodgynge to 
 arme them incontynent to do batayle: whan this was knowen in y boost, and the 
 knyghtes named that had taken on them that enterprise, than all other knyghtes and 
 squyers sayd: a these ten knightes were l)()rnc in a good houre, that haue founde this 
 day so happy an aduenture ; wolde to god, quod dyuers, that we were of }' nombre. 
 Euery knight and squyer was ioyfull of this entei prise, and greatly praysed the aduen- 
 ture, sauyn^e the gentle lorde of Coucy, who was nat cotente therwith. 
 
 The lorde of Thune^ was of the coinpany of the lorde of coucy ; he shewed him the 
 couenante he had made with AflTrenall, to be one of the ten to fight with ten sarazyns. 
 As many as herde therof praysed greatly that aduenture ; but the lorde of Coucy spake 
 against it and sayd : Ah, sirs, ye yonge people j- knowe but lytell of the worlde, but 
 rather exalte a folysshe dede than a wyse dede : in this enterprise I can se no reason, for 
 dyuers causes ; one is, that ten knyghtes and squyers of our men, all gentlemen of name 
 and blode, must fyght agaynste as many sarazyns : howe shall our men knowe whether 
 they be o-entlemen or no"? if they lyst they may set agaynst our men ten rybauldes or 
 varieties, and if they hap to be dyscomfyted, we shall wyn nothynge but ten varieties, 
 and yet we shall be neuer the nerer to wyn y towne of Aufryke, but we shall thus put 
 our good men in adueture ; peraduenture they wyll set a busshment, and whan our ten 
 menbe in the felde to tary for their men, they wyll close them roude about, wherby we 
 shall lese them, and be so moche the febler. There I say, quod the lorde of Coucy, y 
 AfTrenall hath nat wrought wysely in this mater, for at the first whan the sarazyn dyd 
 defye him he shulde than haue made another maner of aunswere than he dyd : he shulde 
 haue sayd howe he was nat the chefe heed of that army, but rather one of the poorest ; 
 and where as ye blame our faythe and byleue, ye are nat mete to haue an answer made 
 you therof by me ; but if ye lyst I shall brynge you to the great lordes of our armye, 
 and I shall take you vnder my saue conducte, that ye shall go and returne in sauegarde 
 and suretie, and'ther ye shall here the lordes speke. Thus Affrenall shulde haue ledde 
 the sarazyn to the duke of Burbone and to the counsayle, and there he shulde haue 
 been herde at leyser, and answered by good aduyse ; suche defyauce in armes for suche 
 quarell ought nat to passe without great deliberacion of good coijsayle ; and than if the 
 batayle had ben agreed vnto by vs, yet it wolde haue ben known of them what men by 
 name and surname shulde acomplyssh the batayle ; thervpon we to haue chosen other 
 of our men for our honour and profile, and thervpon to haue had of the sarazyns suretie 
 and hostage, and they of vs. This had ben a more metely maner to haue vsed ; wher- 
 fore, if this treatie might be withdrawen Avith reason, it shulde be well doone, and I 
 wyll go and speke with the duke of Burbone, and to take counsayle with the lordes of 
 the armye, and to knowe what they wyll say therto. Thus the lorde of Coucy departed 
 fro the lorde of Thune," and wente to the Duke of Burbons tent, where all the barons 
 assembled togyder to take cousayle in that mater: for all that the lorde of Coucy had 
 sayde these wordes to the lorde of Thune,^ by maner of good counsayle and aduyse, yet 
 for all that he lefte nat, but armed hymselfe, and so came forth with other of his com- 
 pany redy to fight with the sarazyns, and sir Guy of Tremoyle" the formest knight. 
 
 Thus 
 
 » Thim. * Tremouille. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 509 
 
 Thus the lordes of Fraunce were in cousayle in the duke of Burbons tent: some thought 
 this defiaunce to be reasonable, and susteyned (greatly the wordes and opinyon of the 
 lorde Coucy, sayeng howe it were better to make another maner of treatie ; and some 
 other, as specyall the lorde Loys erle of Arthoys, and sir Philyp of Bare sayd : Syth 
 the amies be taken and accepted on our parte, it shulde be great blame to let it ; wher- 
 fore in tlie name of God and our lady let our knyghtes and squyers furnysshe their en- 
 terprise. This purpose was holden and susteyned ; but than, all thynges consydred, it 
 was thought for the best that all the hole host shulde be armed, and be in ordre of ba- 
 tayle, to thentent that if the sarazyns wolde do any falsnesse, they shulde be redy to 
 resyst them. This was accomplysshed, and euery man well armed, and drewe into y 
 felde in good ordre of batayle redy to fyght, the genouoys crosebowes on the one syde, 
 and the knyghtes and squiers on the other syde, euery lord vnder his baner or penon 
 of their amies ; it was a goodly syght to beholde them. The crysten men shewed well 
 howe they had great desyre that the sarazyns shulde haue come and fought with them: 
 and the ten crysten knightes and squiers were redy in the felde alone of fro their com- 
 pany, abydynge for the ten sarazins that shulde haue fougiit with them ; but it semed 
 well they had no wyll therto : for whan they sawe howe the crysten men oidred them- 
 selfe and were redy in batayle, they douted them and durst nat come forwarde, for all 
 that they were thre tymes as many men as the crysten men were. The sarasyns wolde 
 often tymes come well mounted and skrynvyssh before the crysten mennes batayle, and 
 than returne againe ; and this they dyd of pure malice to put the crysten men to payne 
 and traueyle. This day was so bote with the sonne, that before nor after there had 
 been no suche sene, so that they that were moste lusty and fresshe were so sore chafed 
 in their harnesse that they were nere ouercome for faute of ayre and wynde : and al- 
 ways the X. crysten men taryed aparte for the ten sarazyns, but they nother sawe nor 
 herde tydynges of any: than they aduysed to aproche the towne of Aufryke and to 
 assayle it, «eynge they were all redy armed and redy in batayle : and all day to kepe 
 their honour the ten knightes kept the felde tyll it was nyght : there went to the assaute 
 knyghtes and squyers, desyringeto do dedes of armes ; they were liote and sore chafed, 
 and yet they traueyled themselfe more and more: and if the sarasyns had well knowen 
 what case y crysten men men were in, they might haue done the great doniage, and a 
 reysed the siege, and by lykelyhode to haue had the victory ; for y crysten men were so 
 wery and so sore traueyled, that they had but lytell strenght ; howebeit, they conquered 
 by assaute the first wall of the towne where no man dwelte; than the sarazyns retrayed 
 into the seconde fortresse, skrymysshynge without takynge of any great domage ; but 
 the crysten men had domage ynough, for in skrimisshing and assautynge they were in 
 the heate of the sonne and in the duste of the sandes tyll it was nyght, wherby dyuers 
 knyghtes and squiers toke their dethe, whiche was great pytie and domage : by the said 
 occasion there dyed, first, syr Willyam of Gacill, and sir Guissharde de la Garde, syr 
 Lyon Scalet, sir Guy de la saluest, syr Willyam of Staple, syr Wilyam Guyret, syr 
 Geffrey of ychapell, the lorde of Pierbuffier, the lorde of Bonet, sir Robert of Hanges, 
 sir Stephyn Sanxere, sir Aubert de la mote, sir Alaine of Champayn, sir Geffrey Sre- 
 siers, sir Rafe of Conflan, the lorde of Bourke, artysion," sir Johan of Crey bastarde, sir 
 Bertram de Sanache, syr Pyncharde of Morlayne, sir Trystram his brother, syr Ayme 
 of Cousay, syr Ayme of Tourmay,'' sir Foukes of Stanfours, sir Johan of Chatenas ; all 
 these were knightes: and there dyed of squiers, Foucans of Liege, Johan of Isles, 
 Blondelet of Areton, Johii de la Mote, Bouberis floridas of Roque, y lorde of Belles, 
 brother'' to Willyam Fondragay, Water of Canforus, Johan Morillen, Pier of Malues, 
 Gyllot Villaine, John of Lound,'' Johii Perier, Johan menne,* Johan of Lanay, and 
 
 Willyam 
 
 ' From Artoi». " Tonnay. ! The lorde of Belkfreres. * De la Lande. ' Le Moine. 
 
510 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 Willyam of Parke. There dyed mo than a Ix. knio;htes and squyers,whiche, wysely to 
 consyder, was a crreat losse ; and if y lorde of Coney had ben beleued, this had nat for- 
 tuned, for and they had kepte their lodgynges as they dyd before, they had receyued no 
 suche doma»j:e. 
 
 Howe after this aduenture and damage that fell to the ayslen men hy reason of this 
 assdiUe before the lowne of Jufryke, and that so many knightes and squyers were 
 deed they mayntayned themselfe more wysely after than they dyd before, and coty- 
 nued their siege a longe season after. 
 
 CAP. CLXXII." 
 
 OF this foresaid aduenture the knightes and squiers of the host were sore displeased 
 and abasshed ; euery man bewayled his fredes: at nyght they drewe to their lodginges 
 and made gretter watche than they had made before, for dout of the sarazyns : they 
 passed that nyght without any other domage. Of this aduenture the sarazins knewe 
 nothyng, for if they had knowen what case the Christen men had been in, they might 
 haue done them great domage ; but alwayes they feared the Christen men; they durst 
 neuer adueture to auauce theselfe, but by scrimysshing and caslynge of their dartes. 
 They that were moost renomed in amies of their partie was Agadyngore of Olyferne, 
 for he loued the doughter of y kyng of Thunes, wherby he was moost fresshest and ioly 
 in dedes of armes. Thus contynued y siege before the towne of Aufryke. In the 
 realnie of Fraunce and Enghinde, and in suche countreys as these knightes came fro, 
 they herde no maner of tidynges of them, wherof their frendes were sore abasshed, and 
 wyst nat what to saye nor thynke. In dyuers places, bothe in Englande, Heynalte, and 
 in Frauce there were processyos made, to pray to god for the prosperite of these christen 
 men. Thentencion of the christen men beyng at the siege, was to abyde there tyll they 
 had coquered the town of AfTrike, outlier by force, famyne, or treatie. The kyng of 
 Cicyll wolde gladly it had ben so, and so wolde all other Christen yies adioynyng, for 
 this towne of Affrike was their vtter enemye ; and specially the genouoys toke great 
 payne to serue the lordes to their pleasure, to thelent they shulde nat be anoyed by rea- 
 son of their long siege. To speke properly, it was a marueylous enterprice, and came 
 of an highe corage of the christen knightes and squyers, and specially the Frenchmen, 
 ■who forall the losse of their knightes and squiers, and pouerlie that they endured, yet 
 they cotynued styll the siege at their great costes and charges without ayde or coforte ; 
 and the genouoys, who were y first setters on that enterprice, began than to faynt and 
 dissymule, for as the brute ran than, they wolde haue ben gladde to haue made a treatie 
 with the Sarazyns, and to haue lefte the knyghtes of Fraunce and Englande, and of 
 other Christen countreys styll in that busynesse, as I shall shewe you hereafter as it 
 was enformed me. 
 
 Nowe at this present tyme lette vs leaue to speke of this siege of Aufryke, and speke 
 of a fest that the kynge of Englande made the same season in London. 
 
 This chapter ought to be numbered CLXVIII- 
 
 Of 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 511 
 
 Of a feest and iustes made by the kj/ng of Englande in Lodon, whyle (he Christen 
 knyghles and squyers were at the sege before the tomie of Anfryke agaynst the 
 sarazyns; and hojye this feest was publisshed in dyuers countreis and landes. 
 
 CAP. CLXXIII/ 
 
 YE liaue lierde before in this hystorie what a feest was holde at Paris wha quene 
 Isabell of Fraunce made there her first entre, of the wliiche feest tidynges sprede abrode 
 into euery coutre: than kynge Richarde of Enghmde and his thre vncles, heryng of this 
 goodly fest at Paris, by y reportes of suche knyghtes and squyers of dieir owne as had 
 ben at tlie same fest, ordayned a great fest to be liolden at the cyle of Lodon: where there 
 shulde be iustes and Ix. knyghtes to abyde all comers, and with the Ix. ladyes fresshely 
 apparelled to kepe the company : and these knightes to iust two dayes besyde sonday, 
 and the chalenge to begyn the next sonday after y fest of saint Micliaell, as than in the 
 yere of our lorde god M.CCC. fourscore and ten, whiche sonday the said Ix. knightes 
 and Ix. ladyes at two of y clocke at afternoon shuld issue oute of the towre of London, 
 and so to coe along the cytie through Chepe, and so to Smythfelde : and that daye xij. 
 knightes to be there redy to abyde all knyghtes straugers suciie as wolde iust. This so- 
 day"was called the sonday of the fest of chalenge ; and on the moday next after, the sayd 
 Ix. knightes to be in the same place redy to iuste, and to abyde all comers curtesly to ron 
 with rokettes ; and to the best doer of the out syde shulde be gyuen hym for a price a 
 riche crowne of golde ; and the best doer of the in syde, duely examyned by the ladyes 
 in the queues chambre, shulde haue for a price a riche gyrdell of golde : and the tuesday 
 folowynge the knightes shulde be agayne in the same place, and to abyde all maner of 
 squyers straugers and other, suche as wolde iust with rokettes ; and the best iuster on the 
 out syde shulde haue for his price a courser sadled ; and the chiefe doer of the in syde 
 shulde haue a faucon. The maner of this fest was thus ordayned and deuised, and he- 
 rauldes were charged to crye and publysshe this feest in Englande, in Scotlande, in Al- 
 mayne," in Flauders, in Brabant, in Heynalt, and in Fraunce ; the heraldes departed 
 some hider and some thider: these tidynges sprede abrode into dyuers coatreys: the 
 herauldes had daye and tyme sufiycient. Knightes and squiers in dyuers coutreys ap- 
 parelled themselfes to be at this feest, some to se the maner of Englande, and some to 
 iuste. Whan these tidynges came into Heynalt, sir Wyllyam of Heynault, erle of 
 Ostreuaunt, who was yonge and lyberall, and desyrous to iuste, purposed in hyraselfe to 
 go to the feest in Englade, to se and to honour his cosyns, kyng Rycharde of Englande 
 and his vncles, whome he had neuer sene before: he hadde great desyre to be aquaynted 
 with them, and desyred other knightes and squyers to kepe hym copany, and specially 
 the lorde of Gomegynes bycause he was well acquaynted with Englysshemen, for he 
 had ben dyuers tymes amonge them. Thanne sir Wyllyam of Haynaulte purposed 
 whyle he made his prouisyon to go into Hollande to se his father Auberte, erle of Hey- 
 naulte, Hollande, and zelande, to the entente to speke with hym, and to take leaue to 
 go into Englande : he departed fro Ouesnoy in Heynault, and rode tyll he came to 
 Haye' in Hollande, where the erle hirfather was at that tyme, and there he shewed his 
 father his purpose that he was in to go into Englande to se the countrey and his cosyns, 
 whom he had neuer sene. Than therle his father answered and sayd: Wyllyam my 
 fayre son, ye haue nothyng to do in Englade, for nowe ye be by couenaunt of maryage 
 
 aiyed 
 
 ' This chapter ought to be numbered C'LXIX. " Germany. ' The Hague. 
 
512 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 alyed to the realme of Fraunce, and your snsler to be maryed to the duke of Burgoyne ; 
 wherfore ye uede nal to seke none oilier alyaiince. Dere father, quod he, I wyll nat ^0 
 into Englande to make any alyauce ; I do it but to feest and make myrlhe with my cosins 
 there, nhom as yet 1 never sawe, and bycause the feest whiche shal be holden at Lon- 
 don is publisshed abrode ; vvherfore, sylh I am sigiiifyed therof and sbulde nat go thy- 
 der, it sbukle be sayd I were proude and presupluous ; wherfore in the sauynge of myne 
 honoure 1 wyll go thider; therfore, dere father, I requyre you agree therto. Sonne, 
 quod he, do as ye lysle ; but I thynke surely it were better that ye taryed at home. 
 Whan the erle of Ostreuaunt sawe that his wordes contented nat his father, he wolde 
 speke no more therof, but fell in other comunicacion ; but he thought well ynough what 
 he wolde do, and so dayly sent his prouisyon towardes Calais. Gomegynes the he- 
 raulde was sente into Englande fro therle of Ostreuaunt, to gyue knowlege to kynge 
 Rycharde and to his vncles howe that he wolde come honorably to his feest at London. 
 Of those tidynges the kynge and his vncles were ryght ioyouse, and gaue to the heraulde 
 great giftes, wliiche after stode hym in great stede, for after in the ende of his dayes he 
 fell blynde ; 1 can nat tell if god were displeased with hym or nat ; in his dayes he lyued 
 marueylously ; wherfore in his olde dayes, and that he hadde loste his syght, there were 
 but fewe that were sorie therof Thus the erle of Ostreuaunt departed from Haye^ in 
 Hollande, and toke leaue of his father, and so retourned to Quesnoy in Heynaulte to 
 the coutesse his wyfe. 
 
 This noble feest wherof I make mecyon was publysshed and cryed in dyuers places, 
 wherby knyghtes and squyers and other aduaunsed themselfes to go thyder. The erle 
 Walleran of saynt Pole, who as than had to his wyfe kyng Richarde of Englandes 
 susler, he prepared greatly to go into Englande, and so came to Calys ; and also the 
 erle Ostreuaunt departed fro Heynaulte, well accompanyed with knyghtes and squyers, 
 and so passed throughe the countrey of Arthoys, and came also to Calls, and there he 
 founde the erle of saynt Poule, and the shyppes passagers of Doner were there redy; 
 and whan the shippes were charged and the wynde good, these lordes tooke the see ; 
 howebeit, as it was shewed me, and I thynke it true, that therle of saynt Poule passed 
 first into Englande before the erle of Ostreuaunt; and whan he came to London he 
 founde there the kyng, and his brother in lawe sir Johan Hollande, and other lordes and 
 knyghtes of Englande, Avho receyued hym with great ioye, and demanded of hym 
 tidynges of the realme of Fraunce. He aunswered well and wysely. Than therle of 
 Ostreuaunt passed ouer on a thursdaye and so cae to Canterbury, and on the fridaye he 
 visyted saint Thomas shrine, and ofFred there in the mornyna;, and laye there all that 
 daye, and the nexte day rode to Rochester ; and bycause he had so gret a company and 
 cariages, he rode but small iourneys, to ease his horse; and on the sondaye he rode to 
 dyner to Derlforde, and after dyner to London, to be at the feest, whiche began the same 
 sonday. 
 
 On the sonday nexte after the feest of saynt Michaell, this feest and triuphe shulde 
 begyn, and that daye to be done in Smythfelde, iustes called the chalenge : so the same 
 sonday, about thre of the clocke at afternoone, there issued out of the towre of London, 
 first, threscore coursers apparelled for the Justes, and on eiiery one a squier of honour 
 ridyng a softe pase : than issued out threscore ladyes of honour mounted on fayre pal- 
 freys, ridyng on the one syde, richely apparelled ; and euery lady ledde a knight with 
 a cheyne of syluer, which knightes were apparelled to iust : thus they cam ridynge 
 alonge the stretes of London with great nombrc of trumpettes and other mynstrelles, 
 
 and 
 
 • The Hague. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 513 
 
 and so came to Smylhfelde, Avhere the quene of Englande and other ladies and damo- 
 selles were redy in chabres richely adorned to se the iusles, and the king was with the 
 quene: and whan y ladyes that ledde the knyghles were come to the place, they were 
 taken downe fro their palfreys, and they mooted vp into chambres redy aparelled for 
 the: than the squiers of honour alighted fro the coursers, and the knightes in good 
 order mouted on them ; than their helmes were sette on and made redy at all poyntes: 
 than thyder came the erle of saynt Poule, nobly accompanyed with knyghles and 
 squyers, all armed with harnesse, for the iustes to begynne the feest, whiche inconty- 
 nent beganne ; and there iusted all knyghtes straungers, suche as wolde and hadde 
 leysar and space, for the nyght came on: thus these iustes of chaleng began, and coty- 
 nued tyll it was night: than knyghtes and ladyes withdrue themselfes, and the quene 
 was lodged besyde Ponies in the bysshoppes palace, and there was the supper pre- 
 pared. The same euennynge came iherle of Ostreuaunt to the kyng, who was nobly 
 receyued. 
 
 Nowe for these iustes on the sonday : for the aunswerer without, the erle Walleran 
 of saynt Poule had the price ; and of the chalengers, the erle of Huntyngdon. There 
 was goodly dausyng in the queues lodgyng, in the presence of the kynge and his vncles, 
 and other barons o\ Englande, and ladyes and damoselles, contynuyng tyll it was daye, 
 ■vvhiche was tyme for euery persone to drawe to their lodgynges, except the kyng and the 
 quene, who lay there in the Bysshoppes Palays, for there they laye all the feestes and 
 iustes duryng. 
 
 On the nexte day, whiche was mondaye, ye myght haue sene in dyuers places of the 
 cytie of London squyers and varieties goynge aboute with harnesse, and doynge of other 
 busynesse of their maisters. After noon kynge Richarde came to the place all armed, 
 richely apparelled, accompanyed with dukes, erles, lordes, and knyghtes ; he was one 
 of the inner partie. Than the quene, well accompanyed with ladyes and damosels, 
 came to the place where the iustes shulde be, and mounted into chabres and scaffoldes 
 ordayned for the: than came into the felde the erle of Ostreuaunte, well accopanyed 
 with knyghtes of his coutrey, and all were redy to iuste : than came the erle of saynt 
 Poule and other knyghtes of Fraunce, suche as wolde iuste: than began the iustes; 
 euery man payned hymselfe to gelte honour ; some were stryken down fro their horses. 
 These iustes contynued tyll it was nere nyght: than euery person drewe to their lodg- 
 ynges, knyghtes and ladyes, and at y hour of supper euery man drewe to the courte: 
 there was a goodly supper and well ordayned. And as that day the price was gyuen to 
 the erle of Ostreuaunt for the best iuster of the vtter partie, and well he deserued it; 
 the price was gyuen hym by the ladyes, lordes, and herauldes, who were ordained to be 
 iudges: and of the inner partie a knyght of Englande, called sir Hughe Spenser, had 
 the price. 
 
 The nexte daye, Tuesday, there was iustes agayne in the same place, of all maner of 
 squyers, whiche endured tyll it was nyght, in the presence of the kyng, quene, lordes, 
 and ladyes: than euery man drewe to their lodgynges, as they had done the dayes before, 
 and at supper they retourned to the bysshoppes palais, where the kyng, the quene, and 
 the ladyes Avere. There was a goodly and a costely supper, and after, great daunsynge, 
 contynuynge all nyght. The wednisdaye after dyner they iusted in the same place, ill 
 maner of knightes and squyers suche as wolde iuste: that was a sore and a rude iustes, 
 enduryngtyll nyght, and than wdrue, and at the hour of supper they resorted where 
 they supped before. The Thursdaye the kyng made a supper to all knyghtes and gen- 
 tylmen straungers, and the quene to all ladyes and damoselles. Than on the friday 
 Ihe duke of Lancastre made a dyner for all knightes and squyers straungers, whiche was 
 
 Vol. H. 3 U a goodly 
 
514 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 a ffoodly dyner : and on the Saturdaye the kyng and all the lordes departed fro Lodon 
 to'Wyndsore ; and therle of Ostreuaunt and the erle of saynt Poule, with all other 
 knightes and squyers straungers, were desyred to acompany the kyng to Wyndsore ; 
 euery ma rode as it was reason to the castell ol" Wyndsore. Than there began agayne 
 great feestes, with dyners and suppers gyuen by the king: and specially the kyng dyde 
 great honour to the erle of Ostreuaunt his cosyn, whiche erle was desyred by the kyng 
 and his vncles that he vvolde be content to take on hym the order of the garter. The 
 erle aunswered, howe he wolde take cousayle in that mater: than he cousayled with the 
 lorde of Gomegines and with Fierabras of Vertan bastarde, who in no wyse wolde dis- 
 cora-re nor counsayle hym to refuce the order of the garter: so he toke it on hym, 
 wherof the knightes and squyers of Frauce suche as were there had great marueyle, and 
 murmured sore therat among theselfe, sayeng: the erle of Ostreuaunt slieweth well that 
 his courage enclyneth rather to be Englysshe than Frenche, whan he takclh on hym the 
 order of the garter, and weareth the kynge of Englandes deuyse: he sheweth well he 
 regardeth nat the house of Fraunce, nor the house of Burgoyne : the tyme wyll come he 
 shall repent hymselfe: all thynges cosydred, he knoweth nat what he hath done, for he 
 was wel beloued with the frenche kynge, and with the duke of Thourayne his brother, 
 and with all the blode royall, in suche wyse, that whan he came to Parys or into any other 
 place to any of ihein, they euer made hym more honour than any other of their cosyns: 
 thus these Frenchemen euyll accused hym without cause : for that he had done was no- 
 thyng contrary nor hurtfull to the realme of Fraunce, nor to his cosyns nor frendes in 
 Fraunce ; for he thought none otherwyse but honour and loue, and to pleace his cosyns 
 in Eni'lande, and to be therbv the rather a good meane bytwene Frauce and Enghinde, 
 if nede were: nor the dave that he toke on hym the order of the garter and his othe, 
 euery man maye well vnderstande that he made none alyaunce to do any preiudyce to 
 the realme of Fraunce : for that he dyde was but for loue and good company ; howebeit, 
 no man canne let the enuyous to speke yueli. 
 
 Whan they had danced and sported them a certayne space in the castell of Wynsore, 
 and that the kyng hadde gyuen many fayre gyftes to y knightes and squyers of honour 
 of the realme of Fraunce and Heynaulte, and specially to the yonge erle of Ostreuaunt; 
 than euery man toke leaue of the kynge and of the quene, and of other ladyes and da- 
 moselles, and of the kynges vncles: tharie the erle of saynt Poule and the Frenchemen, 
 and the Henowayes' and almaygties'' departed. Thus ended this great feest in the cytie 
 of London, and euery man went to their owne. Than it fortuned, as anone brute ron- 
 neth farre of, the Frenche kynge, his brother, and his vncles, were enfourmed by suche 
 as hadde ben in Englande at the sayde feest, of euery thyng that hadde been done and 
 sayd ; nothynge was forgotten, but rather more putte to, in the exaUyng of yuell dedes, 
 than fortheryng of good dedes: it was shewed the kyng playnly how the erle of Ostre- 
 uaunt had ben in Englande, and taken great payne to exalte and to do honoure to the 
 Englysshemen, and in helpynge forwarde the feest holden at London : and howe he 
 hadde the chiefe prise and honoure of the iustes aboue all other straungers, and howe 
 he had spoken so fayre to the Englysshmen that he was become the kynge of Englandes 
 man, and had made seruyce and alyaunce with hym : and taken on hym the order of 
 the Garter in the chapell of saynt George in Wyndsore, whiche order was fyrste sta- 
 blysshed by kynge Edwarde the thirde and his sonne prince of Wales ; and howe that 
 no man myght entre into that confrary or company, without he make seruyaunt or 
 othe, neuer to beare armoure agaynste the crowne of Englande ; whiche promyse they 
 sayd the erle of Ostreuaunt had made withoute any reseruacyon. With these tidynges 
 the Frenche kynge, his brother, and his vncles were sore troubled and greuously dis- 
 pleased with the erle of Ostreuaunt : than the Frenche kyng sayde, Lo, sirs, ye maye se 
 
 what 
 
 :' Ilainaulters. .' Germans. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 5I5 
 
 what It is to do for hym ; it is nat yet a yere paste sythe he desyred me that his brother 
 myght be bysshoppe of Canibray ; and by these tidynges that gyfte weve rather preiu- 
 dycial to the reahne of Fraunce than auaucement : it hadde been better we had gyuen it 
 to our cosyn of saynt Poule: the heynoways dyd neuer good to vs, nor neuer wyll, for 
 they be pionde, presumptuous, and to fierse ; alwayes they haue owed better good wyll 
 to tlie Englysshemen tlian to vs ; but a daye shall come they shall repent tliem: we 
 wyll sende to the erle of Ostreuaunt, comaudynge hym to come to vs, to do vs homage 
 for the coutie of Ostreuaunt, or els we shall put hym fro it and annexe it to oure 
 realme. They of his counsayle answered and sayde. Sir, ye haue well deuysed ; lette it 
 be done as ye haue sayde It maye well be thouglit that the duke of Biiry,oyne, whose 
 doughter the erle of Ostreuaunt had to his wyfe, was nothynge content with those 
 tidynges, for alwayes he had auaunsed his sonne of Ostreuaunt tovvardes the kyng and 
 his cousaile. This mater was nat forgotten, but incontinent the Frenche kyng wrote 
 sharpe letters to therle of Ostreuaut, who was at quesnoy in lleynauUe, comaundyng 
 hym to come to Parys to do his homage before the kynge and the other peeres of 
 Fraunce for the coutie of Ostreuaut, or els the kyng wolde take it fro hym and make 
 hym warre. Whan the erle had well ouersene these letters, and parceyued howe that 
 the Frenche kyng and his counsayle were displeased with hym, to make his an- 
 swere he assembled his counsayle, as the lorde of Fountayns, the lorde of Go- 
 megynes, sir Wyllyam of Hermes, the lorde of Trassegines, the bayly of Heynaulte, 
 the lorde of Sancelles, sir Rafe of Montigny, the abbot of Crispyne, Johan Sul- 
 bart,' Jaquemart Barrier of Valencennes: these wyse men counsayled togider what 
 answere might be made to the kynges letters: there were many reasons alleged; at 
 last, all thynges consydred, they thought it for the best to write to the Frenche kynge 
 and to his counsayle, to take a daye to answere clerely to all maner of demaundes, by 
 the mouthe of certayne credyble persons, and none by writyng ; and in the meane season 
 they sente certayne notable personages to the erle of Heynaulte and duke Aubert of 
 Holade, to haue their cousayles what answere to make : thus they dyde : they wrote 
 swetely and courtesly to the kynge and to his counsayle, so that with those fyrst letters 
 the kyng and his cousayle was well content. Than therle and his cousayle sent into 
 Hollande the lorde of Trassegines, and the lorde of Sancelles, Johan Semart, and Jaques 
 Barrier: they rode to the erle of Heynault, and shewed hym the state of the countie of 
 Heynault, and the letters that the Frenche kyng hadde sent to his sonne the erle of 
 Ostreuaunt. The erle of Heynaulte had marueyle of that mater, and said, Sirs, I 
 thought neuer olherwyse but that it shulde come thus to passe: Wyllyam my sone had 
 nothyng to do to go into Englade ; I haue delyuered hyui the rule and gouernaunce 
 of the coutie of Heynaulte; he might haue done and vsed hymselfe accordyng to the 
 counsayle of the countrey. Sirs, I shall tell you what ye shall do: Go to my fayre 
 cosyn the duke of Rurgoyn, for it lyeth well in his power to regarde and to sette an 
 order in all thynges demauuded by the Frenche kynge ; I canne gyue you no better 
 counsayle. With this answere they departed out of Hollande and came into Hey- 
 nault, and there shewed what answere they had ; wlierwith the erle and his counsayle 
 were content. There was assigned to go into Frauce to the duke of Burgoyne, the lorde 
 of Tressegines, sir Wyllyam of Hermyes, sir Rase of Montigny, Johan Semart, and 
 Jaques Barrier; to shewe and declare all y processe and sute that they made at the 
 Frenche courte shulde be over longe to resyte ; but finally, all thynges concluded, for 
 all y the duke of Burgoyne coulde do, there was non other remedy but that the erle of 
 Ostreuaunt must come personally to Parys, and to knowe his homage due to the Frenche 
 kyng for the countie of Ostreuaunt, or els surely to haue warre. The lorde of coucy 
 
 3 U 2 and 
 
 " Johyies calls him Semart : and see below. 
 
516 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 and sir Olyuer of Clysson toke great payne for the eiles sake, but sir Jolin Mercier 
 and the lorde de hi Ryuer labored on the contrarye syde as moche as they might. 
 
 Nowe let vs leaue to speke any more of this mater, and rctonrne to speke of the lordes 
 and knyghtes of Fraunce, who were at the siege before the strong towne of Aufryke 
 agaynst the sarazyns. 
 
 Hoyve and bi/ what incydent the siege was reysed before the tomie of Aufrt/ke, and Iff 
 what occasyon and Howe, euery man retourned to their owne coiintreis. 
 
 CAP. CLXXIIII." 
 
 YE haue herde here before howe the christen men had besieged the stronge toune of 
 Aufryke by lande and by see, settyng all their ententes howe to conquere it: for they 
 thought if they might wyn it, the brute therof shulde sounde to their great honours and 
 prayse, and howe they myght there kepe themselfe toguyder and to resyst agaynst their 
 ennemyes, sayenge : howe they shulde alwayes haue conforle of the Christen men, and 
 specially of the Frenche kyng, who was yong and desyrous of dedes of armes, consy- 
 dring howe he had truce with the Englysshmen for two yeres to coe : the sarazyns feared 
 the same; wherfore dayly they made prouysyon for the towne, and refresshed alwaies 
 their towne with newe fressh men, hardy adiienturers, accordynge to their vsage. Thus 
 the season passed on, and after the christen men hadde suffred the great losse of their 
 companyons with lytell wynnynge or aduauntage on their partye, all their iioie hoost 
 were in a maner dyscomforted, for they coulde nat se howe to be reuenged. Than 
 many of theym beganne to murniure, sayenge: we lye here all in vayne ; as for the 
 skrymysshes that we make, therby shall we neuer wyn the towne of Aufryke, for if we 
 slee any of them, for eche of them they wyll gette agayne ten other: they be in their 
 owne countrey : they haue vytayles and prouysyons at their pleasure, and that we haue 
 is with great dauger and parell. What shall we thynke to do? if we lye here all this 
 wynter, longe and colde nyghtes, we shal be morfounded and frosen to dethe: thus we 
 shall be in a herde case by dyuers wayes : first, in wynter no man dare take the see for 
 the cruell and tyrryble Avyndes and tempestes of the see, for the sees and tempestes are 
 more fierser in wynter than in somer : and if we shulde lacke vytayles but eight dayes 
 togyther, and that the see wolde suffre none to come to vs, we were all deed and lost 
 without remedy: secondly, though it were so that we had vytayles and all tliynges 
 necessary without daunger, yet howe coulde our watche endure the payne and traueyle 
 contynually to watche euery night? the parell and aduenture Is ouer herde for vs to 
 beare, for our enemyes who be in their owne countrey, and knowe the countrey, may 
 come by nyght and assayle vs to their great aduauntage, and do vs great domage, as 
 they haue done allredy: thyrdly, if for faute of good ayre and of swete fresshe meates, 
 wherwith we haue been norysshed, that mortalyte hap to fall in our hoost, we shall dye 
 euery man fro other, for we haue no remedy to resyst agaynst it: also furthermore, if 
 the genouoys turne agaynst vs, which are rude people and traytours, they may be nyght 
 tyme entre into their shyppes, and so leue vs here to pay for the scotte : all these doutes 
 are to be consydred by our capytaynes, who lye at their ease, and regarde nat the case 
 we be in : and also some of the genouoys spared nat to speke, and sayd in raylynge to 
 the crysten men: What men of armes be ye frenchemen? whan we departed froGenne^ 
 we thought that within fyftene dayes that ye had layen at siege before the towne of Au- 
 fryke 
 
 ' This chapter ought to be numbered CLXX. ^ Genoa, 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 5 17 
 
 fryke ye shulde haue conquered it: and nowe we haiie ben here more thanne two 
 monthes, and as yet we haue done nolhyng; as for such assautes and skryniysshes as ye 
 make, the lowne nedeth nat to feare this yere, nor yet the nexte : by this maner of 
 meanes ye shall neuer conquere 'this reahnc of Aulryke, nor yet of Thunes. This 
 comunynge spred so abrode in the boost, that it came to the knowiege of the gret 
 lordes and capytaynes of the armye, and specyally the lorde of Coucy, who was sage 
 and discrete, and to whose cousayle the chefe parte of the host inclyned euer vnto: he 
 sayd to himselfe and considered liowe all these doutes were greatly to be feared ; and to 
 the entente to ordayn hastely remedy, he assembled secretly all the great lordes of the 
 hoost togyder in counsayle, bycause wynter aproched. This counsayle was kept in the 
 duke of Burbons tente, and the conclusyon was to dyslodge for that seasone, and euery 
 man to retourne the same way as they came ; the lordes prepared secretly for this. 
 Than the patrons of the galees were sente for, and their purpose was shewed vnto them, 
 and they wyst nat what to say to the contrary ; at laste they sayde : My lordfes take no 
 doute nor suspecte in vs ; we haue made you promesse, wherfore we wyll acquyte vs 
 truely to you : for if we wolde haue enclyned to the treaties of the affrykans, they wolde 
 haue desyred to haue had peace with vs, but we wolde neuer gyue heryng to them : we 
 wyll kepe our faythe to you. syth we haue promysed so to do. Sirs, quod the lorde 
 of Coucy, we repute you for good and trewe and valyaut men, but we haue consydred 
 dyueis thynges ; wynter aprocheth, and we are destytute of vitayles and other prouy- 
 sions. By the grace of god, we ones retourned into the realme of Fraunce, we shall so 
 enfourme the kynge, who is yonge and lusty, and desyrous to knowe the maner of these 
 marches, and seynge that he hath treuce with the englysshemen, we thynke small coun- 
 saylynge wyll cause hym to come hyther with a puyssaunce royall, as well to ayde the 
 king of Cicyll as to make some conquest vpon the sarazyns ; wherfore, syrs, we requyre 
 you make redy your galees and all other vessels, for we Avyll departe within shorte 
 dayes. The genouoys were nothynge content with the frenchemen, in that they wolde 
 departe fro the siege before the stronge towne of Aufryke ; but they coulde fynde none 
 other remedy, wherfore it behoued them to sufTre. A generall brute ran through the 
 hoost, howe the genouoys were aboute to bargayne with the sarazyns, and take their 
 parte, and to betray \' crysten men. The crysten men beleued this to be true, and some 
 said one to another: our souerayne capitayns, as the duke of Burbone, the erle Dolphyn 
 of Auuergne, and the lorde Coucy, syr Guy de la Tremoyle," syr .lohan of Vyen, and 
 syr Phylyppe of Bare, they knowe surely howe euery thynge gothe, and therfore we 
 shall thus sodaynely departe fro the siege. Their departure was publysshed throughe 
 the hoost, and euery man comaunded to conuey euery thing into their shyppes. Than 
 saruautes and varieties were redy to trusse all maner of baggages, and to cary it into 
 their vessels lyenge at ancre: whan euery thyng was coueyed, euery man entred into 
 suche shyppes as they came in, and dyuers barones and knyghtes made couenaut with 
 their patrons and maysters of their shyppes, some to sayle to Naples, some to Cicyll, 
 some to Cyper,'' and some to Rodes, to the entent to go to Iherusalem. Thus they de- 
 parted fro the siege of Aufryke, and toke the see in the syght of the sarazyns that were 
 within the towne. Whan they sawe their departure, they made gret noyse with blow- 
 yng of homes and sownynge of taburs, and shoutynge and cryeng, in suche wyse, that 
 the host of sarazyns that lay abrode knewe therof : than ye shulde haue sene the yonge 
 sarazyns moute on their horses, and came to the place where the siege had layne, to se 
 if they coulde haue founde any thynge there; Agadingor of Olyferne, and Brahadyne 
 of Thunes formest ; and there they sawe howe the christen men were so clene departed 
 that they had lefte nothynge behynde that they myght cary : there the sarazyns rode 
 
 vp 
 
 » Tiemouille. ' Cyprus. 
 
518 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 vp and downe more than two homes, to se the maner howe the crysten men had lodged 
 theymselfe at the siege; they greatly praysed the crysten mennes subtyltie, in thai they 
 had made so many pyltes in the erthe to haue therby fresshe water ; and whan they 
 hadde been tiiere a certayne space, and well regarded the galees and shyppes on the see, 
 some ol iheym entred into the lowne of Aufryke, to se their frendes and alyes, and 
 other departed agayne to their lodgynges, and made host of their voyage : sayenge howe 
 the crysten men durst abyde there no lengar: and sayd howe their puissannce was no- 
 thynge to regarde, and that they wolde neuer more sette so moche by the frenchemen 
 nor by the genoiioys as they had done before : and of this they sayd trouth ; I shall tell 
 yon howe and wherfore. 
 
 After that this siege was thus contynued, as I was enfourmed, y sarazins waxed 
 proude, for they sawe well howe the genouoys had done their full power to hurte and 
 to anoy them, and they sawe that this voyage was to their great coste, and yet had won 
 but lytell, whiche was of trouthe: and all that season the sarazyns knewe nothing of 
 the deth of so many crysten knyghtes and squyers as were slayne at the great skry- 
 mysshe; but the same day that the crysten men departed they had knowledge therof, and 
 I shall shewe you by what meanes. The sarazyns founde in the felde a varlet of the geno- 
 uoys, lyenge on the grounde sore sycke of the bote feuer, and was nat able to go to the 
 galees whan his felowes departed ; and of the fyndynge of this varlet the sarazyns were 
 ryght ioyfull, and brought him before their lordes, and shewed howe they had founde 
 hym ; than a trucheman was set to here his examynacion: in the begynnynge he wolde 
 shewe nothyng, for he rekened himselfe but deed, and he desyred the sarazyns incon- 
 tynent that they wolde put hym to deth. Than the lordes of the boost, as Agadingor 
 Dolyferne, Brahadyn of Thunes, and dyuers other, thought if they shulde cause hym 
 to dye they shulde wyn nothyng therby, yet rather to saue his lyfe, so y he wolde shewe 
 the trouthe of that he shulde be demaunded: than it was shewed hym, that if he wolde 
 Avithout lyenge shewe the trouth, his lyfe shulde be saued, and to be delyuered franke 
 arid free, and sent into his owne coutrey by the first shyp that shulde come thence, 
 outlier into the lande of Genene or Marcyll," and also that he shulde haue gyuen to 
 hym a C. besantes of golde. Whan the varlet, who feared dethe, herde this promesse, 
 he was well comforted, for he knew well whatsoeuer the sarazyns promyse by their 
 faythe shulde be truely kepte, and also ye knowe well naturally euery man is lothe to 
 dye. Than he said to the truchman, cause the lordes to swere on thei-r lawe to vpholde 
 all that ye sayd, and than shall I aunswere you to all that I shal be examyned of, as 
 farre forth as I knowe. The trucheman shewed this to the lordes, and they made 
 faythfull promesse by their fayth to fullfyll their promesse. Than y varlet sayd, nowe 
 demaunde what ye wyil, and 1 shall answere. Than firste lie was demaunded of whence 
 he was: he answered and sayd, he was of Portnances. Than they demaunded of hym of 
 the feates of the frenchemen that had been at the siege: he named to them dyuers, for 
 he hadde kepte often tymes copany with harauldes, by whome he had lerned dyuers of 
 their names. Than they desyred to knowe 5' occasion why they departed so sodaynely 
 fro the siege: wherto he answered wysely and sayd: as for that I cannat tell, but by 
 supposynge, and acordyng as I haue herde spoken in our host ; as for me, I was neuer 
 a counsayle with the lordes ; but, as the brute went, the frenchmen were in doute of the 
 genouoys that they shulde betray them; and the genouoys denyed it, and sayd they 
 neuer thought it, nor neuer wolde, and blamed the frenchmen y they shulde so siaunder 
 them: also it was sayd, that parte of the occasyon of their departure was bycause the 
 wynter drue nere, and they were afrayde of taking of suche domage as they had re- 
 
 ceyued 
 
 " Genoa or Marseilles. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 519 
 
 ceyued before. What domage was that? quod the loides. Syrs, quod he, the same 
 daye that ten of our men shulde haue fought with ten of yours, they lost about a Ix. 
 knightes and squiers of name and armes ; the genouoys sayd, for that cause they de- 
 parted. They beleued well y varlet, of whiche newes the lordes sarazyns had great 
 ioye: they enquered of hym no further, but vphelde to liim all their promesses ; and 
 so he retourned to Portnances and to Geane," and shewed all this aduenture, and what 
 he had said and herde, and he receyued no blame therof Than the sarazyns sayd 
 amonge themselfe, they shulde nat nede to care for the fVenchemen nor for the geno- 
 uoys of a longe seasori after, and said, howe before the towne of Aufryke they had taken 
 no profyte ; howebeit, they sayde they wolde take better hede to their portes and hauens 
 and the see costes of their realmes, and specyally to the straytes of Marroke ;^ they set 
 sure watche, that the genouoys nor venysians shulde nat passe that wayes into Eng- 
 lande nor into Flaunders with their marchaundyses without payenge of a great trybute, 
 and yet that to be by greate grace and lycence. Thus the sarazyns assembled and alyed 
 them togyther of dyuers realmes, as of Aulryke, Thunes, Bogy," Marroke, ** Belmaryn,'' 
 Tremessyans,^ and Granade : all agreed togyder to kepe straytiy their portes and pas- 
 sages, and to sette galees armed on the see to a great nombre, to the entent to be lordes 
 and maisters of the see ; and all this they dyd for the great hatred that they had to the 
 frenchmen and genouoys, bycause they had ben at the siege before Aufryke : thus they 
 dyd great trouble to the goers and commers on the see, so that moche yuell and mys- 
 chefe grewe therby: for by meanes that the sarazyns were thus lordes of the see, suche 
 marchaundyses as came fro Danias,'fro Cayre,* fro Alexaunder, fro Venyce, fro Naples, 
 and fro Geane," were in y season so dere in Flaunders and so scarce, that many tliyna,es 
 coulde nat be gotte, noulher for golde nor syluer. and specially a^l spycery was won- 
 derful! dere and gayson. 
 
 Ye haue herde here before howe the crysten men departed fro the siege of Aufryke: 
 they all passed the see, but all aryued nat at one porte, for some were so sore tour- 
 mented on the see, that they retourned in great daunger ; howebeit, some of tlieym re- 
 turned to Geane.^ Processyons were made in Frauce for their good spede, i'or there 
 was no tydynges herde of them. The lady of Coucy, the lady of Suiley, the lady Dol- 
 phyn of Auuergne, and other ladyes of Frauce, who had their husbandes in this voy- 
 age, were in great sorowe as longe as the voyage endured ; and whan tydynges came 
 howe they were passed the see, they were ryght ioyfuU. The duke of Burbone and the 
 lorde of Coucy retourned priuely, and lefte behynde them all their caryage and trayne, 
 and so they came to Parys aboute saynte Martyns tyde in wynter. The frenche kyno-e 
 was ioyouse of their comynge, as it was reason, and demaunded of them tydinges of 
 Barbary and of their voyage : they shewed al that they knewe and had herde and sene. 
 The kynge and the duke of Thourayne were glad to here them speke: than the kyng 
 sayd, if we can bringe it aboute to make peace in the churche, and bytwene vs and Eno^- 
 ISde, we shall gladly make a voyage with an army royall into those parties, to exalte the 
 crysten faythe, and to confounde the infydels, and to acquyte the dedes of our prede- 
 cessours, as kyng Philyp and kinge Johan : for they bothe, eche after other tooke on 
 them the crossey, to haue gone to the holy lande, and they had gone thyder if y warres 
 had nat fallen in their realme ; in lykewyse we wolde gladly make suche a voyage. 
 Thus the Frenche kynge corauned with these lordes, and so the day passed ; and lytell 
 and lytell men came home fro their voyage, and the kynge helde hymselfe that season 
 most comenly at Parys, somtyme at y castell of Lowre,'' and another tyme in the howse 
 of saynt Powle, where the queue most comenly laye. So it fell in the same season, 
 
 aboute 
 
 ' Genoa. '' Morocco. ' Bugia. * Benamarine. ' Tremefen. 
 
 ' Damascus. « Cairo. '' The Louvre, 
 
520 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 aboute the feest of saynt Andrewe, and that all kny2;htes and squyers were retourned 
 fro their voyage into Barbary. wherofull y worlde s|}ake. Than in the Irenclie kvncres 
 court there was a inocyon nioued for a newe iourney to be made thyder; and bycause 
 that the frenche kynge had gret affection to dedes of armes, he was counsayled and 
 exorted therto, and it was sayde to hyni: Syr, ye hane deuocyon and great ymagynacion 
 to go ouer the see, to fyght agaynst the infydels, and to conquere the holy lande. That 
 is trewe, quod the kynge ; my thought nyght and day is on none other thyng. And, 
 as I was enfourmed. it was y lorde of Tremoyle" and sir Joiian Mercier that had these 
 wordes to the kino;, for they owed their fauonr to pope Clement beynge at Auignon ; 
 and loke, what tiiey two sayd y kyng wolde agre to them, for they were most speciall in 
 fauour: than they sayd to the kynge, Syr, ye can nat with good conscience take on you 
 this voyage, witliout first the church be all one : syr, begyn first at the heed, than your 
 enterprise shall take good conclusyon. Why, quod the kynge, where wolde ye haue 
 me to begyn ? Syr, quod they, at this present tvme ye be nat charged with any great 
 busynesse ; ye haue Ireuce with the englysshemen for a longe space ; wherfore, syr, if 
 it please you this peace durynge, ye myght make a goodly voyage ; and, syr, we can se 
 no better nor more honourable a voyage tor you thanne to go to Rome with a great 
 puyssaunce of men of armes, and pull downe and dystroy that ante-pape, whomc the 
 romayns by force hath created and set in the seate cathedrall of saynt Peter: if ye wyll, 
 ye maye well accomplysshe this voyage, and we suppose ye can nat passe your tyme 
 more honorably ; and, syr, ye maye well know, that if this antepape and his cardynals 
 knowe ones y ye be mynded to come on them with an army, they wyll yelde themself, 
 and aske mercy. The kynge remebred hymselfe a lytell, and sayd, howe he wolde do 
 as they had deuysed, for suiely he said he was moche bounde to pope Clement: for the 
 yere past he had ben at Auygnon, where as the pope and his cardynals made hym 
 ryght honourable chere, and had gyuen more than was demaunded, bothe to hymselfe, 
 to his brother, and to his vncles ; wherfore the kynge sayd it hadde deserued to haue 
 some recompence ; and also at his departure fro Auignon he had promysed the pope to 
 helpe and to assyst hym in his quarell: at that season there was at Parys with the kyng 
 the dukes of Berrey and Burgoyne. Than it was agreed and concluded, that the nexte 
 Marche after, the kynge :;hulde departe fro Parys, and take the way towardes Sauoy and 
 Lombardy, and the erle of Sauoy to sende his cosyn Germayne with hym: and the 
 kynge to haue vnder his charge the duke of Tourayne his brother, with four thousande 
 speares, and the duke of Burgoyne with two thousande speares, and the duke of Berrey 
 two thousade, the constable of Fraunce two thousande speares, with the bretons, xain- 
 toners and lowe marches, the duke of Burbon a thousade speares, the lerde of saynt 
 Poll and the lorde of Coucy a thousande speares ; and all these men of armes to 'ae 
 payed in hande for thre monethes, and so fro terme to terme: and whan those tydynges 
 were knowen in Auignon, pope Clement and his cardynals were greatly reioysed, and 
 thought in a maner their enterprise atcheued ; also the kinge was cousayled nat to leaue 
 the duke of Bretayne behynde hym, but to sende and to desyre hym to prepare hym- 
 selfe to go with him in this voyage : the kyng wrote notably to hym, and sent his letters 
 by a man of honour, an offycer of armes, signyfyenge the duke in his letters the slate 
 of this voyage. Whan the duke had red these letters, he turned hymselfe and smyled, 
 and called to hym the lorde of Mountboucher, and sayd: Syr, harke andregarde well Avhat 
 the frenche kyng hath written to me ; he hath enterprised to departe this next Marche 
 with a great puissaunce to go to Rome, and to distroy suclie as take parte with pope 
 Bonyface. As god helpe me his iourney shall tourne to nothynge, for in shorte space 
 he shall haue more flax to his dystaffe than he can well spynne ; 1 thynke he wyll leaue 
 
 soone 
 
 ' De la Tremouille. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 521 
 
 soone his folyssh thought ; and also he desyreth me to go with hym with two ihousande 
 speares; howebeit, I wyll honour him as I ought to do, and 1 wyll write to him ioy- 
 ously, bycause he shall be contente, and shewe hym, howe if he go in this voyage he 
 shall nat go without me, seyng it pleaseth him to haue my company ; liowebeit, sir, of 
 Moi^itboucher, I say vnto you, I wyll nat traueyle a man of myne for all y the kyng 
 hath purposed and sayd : nothynge shall there be done in that behalfe. The duke of 
 Bretayne wrote goodly letters and swete to the frenche kynge, and the officer of armes 
 returned withtheym to Parys, and delyuered them to the kynge, who redde them, and 
 was well contented with the aunswere. 
 
 Of the Ejiglysshe knyg/Ues that were senle to Paiys to the Frenche kynge, fro the 
 kynge of Englande and his vncles, to treale for a peace. 
 
 CAP. CLXXV." 
 
 THE wyll and purpose of the frenche kynge none woldebreke, for it pleased greatly 
 all the knyghtes and squyers of Fraunce, bycause they wyst nat where better to enploy 
 their season, and euery man prepared towardes that voyage ; and namely the clergy of 
 all the prouyncesof the realme, ordayned and graunted a tayle, to sende at their costes 
 and charges men of warre with the kynge ; howebeit, this voyage tourned to nothynge, 
 as the duke of Bretayne had sayd before, and I shall shewe you by what incidence. 
 About y feest of Candelmas, came other tydynges to the Frenche kyng, and to his 
 counsayle, whiche they loked nothynge for. Certayne of the kynge of Englandes cou- 
 sayle, and suche as were of his priuy chambre, were sent nobly to Parys to the frenche 
 kyng; and they that were chefe of this legacyon was, syr Thomas Percy, syr Loys 
 Clyfforde, and sir Robert Briquet, with dyuers other knyghtes in their company, but 
 I herde as than no mo named. Whan these thre knyghtes were come to Parys to hym, 
 than the frenche kyng was desyrous to knowe Avhat it myght meane, that the kynge of 
 Englande dyd sende so hastely of his counsayle to hym. These knyghtes of Englande, 
 syr Thomas Percy, and other, alyghted in Parys, in the streate called the Crosse, at 
 the signe of the castell : the frenche kynge as than lay in the castell of Lowre,'' and his 
 brother the duke of Tourayne with hym, and his other thre vncles in other lodgynges 
 in the cytie, and the costable syr Olyuer Clysson : it was nere hade noone whan the 
 englysshemen came to Parys, and they kept their lodgynge all that day and nyght after, 
 and the next day aboute nyne of y clocke they lept on their horses ryght honorably, and 
 rode to the castell of Loure'' to the kyng, where he with his brother and vncles, the 
 Erie of saint Poll, the lorde of Coucy, the constable of Frauce, sir Johan of Vien, and 
 sir Guy de la Tremoyle," with dyuers other barons of Fraunce, were redy to receyue 
 the englysshe ambassadours, who alyghted at y gate arid entred in: and there receyued 
 them the lorde de la Ryuer, syr Johan Mercyer, sir Lypn of Liguach, sir Peter Villers, 
 sir Willyam of Tremoyle," and syr Marcell ; there they receyued them honourably, 
 and brought theym into the chambre, where the kynge laryed for them : than they dyd 
 of their bonettes and kneled downe. Syr Thomas Percy hadde the letters of credence 
 that the kynge of Englande had sente to the frenche kynge ; he delyuered them to the 
 kyng, who tooke them, and caused the knyghtes to stande vp : than they stepte some- 
 
 VoL. II. 3 X what 
 
 ' This chapter ought to be numbered CLXXI. * The Louvre, ! Tremouille. 
 
522 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 whatbacke. The kynge opyned the letters and red them, and sawe well that they had 
 credence ; than he called to hym his brother, and his vncles, and shewed them the 
 letters. Than his vncles sayd : Syr, call forthe the knyghtes, and here what they wyll 
 say. Than they aproched, and were comaunded to declare their credence. Than sir 
 Thomas Percy spake, and sayd : Dere sir, the entencyon of our souerayne lorde the 
 kinge oI'Englande is, that he wolde gladly that suche of his specyall counsayle, as his 
 vncles, dukes of Lancastre, Yorke, and Glocestre, and other prelates of Englande, 
 suche as his specyall trust is in, might come into your presence, and to your counsayle, 
 as shortely as myght be, to treate for a maner of peace : so that if he and you togyther 
 myght couenably and resonabiy be conioyned, and meanes founde to haue a conclusyon 
 of peace, he wolde be therof right ioyfull: and for that entente he wolde nouther spare 
 his owne payne and laboure, nor yet none of his men, nother to come hymselfe, or to 
 sende suffyciente persones ouer the see to the cytie of Amyence, or to any other place 
 assigned ; and syr, we be come hyder for this entente to knowe your pleasure in this 
 behalfe. Than the kynge aunswered and sayde : Syr Thomas Percy, you and all your 
 company are ryght hertely welcome, and ofyoure comynge and wordes we are ryght 
 ioyfull ; ye shall tary here in Paris a season, and we wyll speke with our counsayle, and 
 make you suche a couenable answere or ye depart, that it shall sufFyce you. With this 
 answere the englysshemen were well content. Than it was nere dyner tyme, and the 
 englysshemen were desyred to tary to dyne: and so the lorde of Coucy brought them 
 into a chambre, and the lorde de la Ryuer ; there they dyned at their layser : and after 
 dyner they retourned into the kynges chambre, and there had wyne and spyces, and 
 thanne toke their leaue of the kynge, and wente to their lodgynge. 
 
 The comynge of syr Thomas Percy and his company into Frauce, and the tydynges 
 that they brought, pleased greatly the frenche kynge, and the duke of Burgoyne, and 
 dyuers of his counsayle, but nat all, and specially suche as ayded to sustayne pope Cle- 
 mentes quarell : for they sawe well by these tydynges, that if the frenche kynge enclyned 
 to this treatie, that it shulde greatly let and hynder the voyage that was mynded to go 
 to Rome, to distroy pope Bonyface and his cardynals, or els to bringe them to the be- 
 leue of pope Clemente ; but the mater of treatie of peace was so hygh, and touched so 
 moche the welthe and profyte of all crystendome, so that no persone durst speke against 
 it; the duke of Burgoyn and his counsayle, with the kynge and his brother, and the 
 duke of Burbone, were all of one acorde. The kyng made good chere to sir Thomas 
 Percy, and to the englysshmen, but amonge them there Avas one knyght, called sir 
 Robert Briquet, whome the frenche kynge loued nat ; he was a frencheman borne, but 
 alwayes he helde himselfe outher naueroys or englysshe, and as than he was one of the 
 king of Englandes priuy chambre ; the frenche kynge dissymuled with hym sagely, for 
 whan he spake to theyni, alwayes the kynge wolde tourne hisselfe to syr Thomas Percy, 
 or els to syr Loys Clyfforde, and sayd : Syrs, we wolde gladly se this peace to be had 
 bytwene vs and our aduersary the kynge of Englande, for the quarell and warre hath to 
 long endured bytwene vs ; and one thinge I wyll ye knowe, y it shall nat be hyndred on 
 our parte, though it be gretly to our cost. Sir, quod they, the kyng our souerayne 
 lorde, who halh sent vs hyther, bathe great affection to haue peace, and saythe, that it 
 shall nat be let on his parte, and hath marueyle that the warre and dyscensyon bytwene 
 your landes hath endured so longe, and that no good amyable meanes hathe been had or 
 this tyme. Than the frenche kynge answered and sayd : we shall se the good affection 
 that he hath thervnto. 
 
 These englysshemen taryed at Parys vi. dayes, and euery day dyned with one of the 
 
 dukes 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 523 
 
 dukes of Fraunce ; and in the meane season it was determyned that the frenche kynge, 
 his vncles, and his priiiy counsayle, shulde be at Amyence, by the myddes of Marche 
 next after, there to abyde the coming of the kynge of Enghinde, his vncles, and his 
 counsayle, if they wolde come thyder ; and the englysshe knyghtes sayd, they made no 
 doute but at the lest the kynge of Englandes vncles shulde be at the day assigned at 
 Amyence. This was the conclusyon of this treatie. The daye before that they shulde 
 departe out of Parys, the kynge came to y palays where his vncles were, and there he 
 made a dynner to the Englyssh knightes, and caused sir Thomas Percy to sytte at his 
 borde, and culled hym cosyn, by reason of the Northumberlandes blode, at which dyner 
 there was gyuen to sir Thomas Percy, and to the englyssh knightes and squiers great 
 gyftes and fayre iewels : but in the gynynge of them, they ouer slypte syr Robert Bri- 
 quet ; and syr Peter Villers, chefe steward with the frenche kynge, delyuered the gyftes, 
 and he said to syr Robert Briquet : Sir, whan ye haue done suche seruyce to the kynge 
 my maister, as shall please hym, he is ryche and puisaunt ynough to rewarde you. 
 With whiche wordes sir Robert Briquet was sore abasshed, and parceyued well therby 
 that y kyng loued hym nat, but he was fayue to sufTre it. After dyner mynstrels began 
 to play ; that pastyme ones past, sir Thomas Percy cae to the kyng and sayd : Sir, I 
 and my company haue great marueyle of one thing : y ye haue made vs so good chere, and 
 gyuen vs so great gyftes, that sir Robert Briquet hath nothynge, who is a knight of our 
 maisters preuy chambre ; Sir, we desyre to knowe the cause why. Therto answered 
 the frenche kyng, and sayd : Sir Thomas, the knyght that ye speke of, syth ye wylJ 
 knowe y mater, he hath no nede to be in batayle agaynst me, for if he were taken pri- 
 soner his raunsome shulde soone be payde : and therwith the kyng entred into other 
 comunycacion. Than vvyne and spyces were brought forthe, and so tooke leaue and 
 retourned to their lodgynge, and made a reconyng and payde for euery thyng. The 
 nexte daye they departed andspedde so in their iourneys that they arryued in Englade, 
 and shewed the kyng and his vncles howe they had spedde, and greatly praysed the 
 freche kyng, and the chere that he had made them, and shewed of the gyftes and iewels 
 that he had gyuen them. 
 
 Nowe lette vs leaue a lytell to speke of the Englysshemen, and somewhat shewe of 
 kyng Johan of Castyle. 
 
 Of the dethe of kyng John of Castyle, and of the croivni/ng of kynge Henry his 
 
 sonne. 
 
 CAP. CLXXVI.^ 
 
 YE haue herde here before in this hystorie, how peace was made bytwene the kynge 
 of Castyle, and the duke of Lancastre, who chalenged to haue ryght to the realme of 
 Castyle, by reason of the lady Costaunce his wyfe, doughter to kyng Dopeter: and by 
 meanes of a fayre doughter y the duke of Lancastre had by the sayde lady Costaunce, 
 the peace was made and confyrmed : for the sayde kynge Johan of Castyle had a sonne to 
 his heyre, called Henry, who was prince of GalyceV this Henry was maryed to the 
 duke of Lancasters doughter, wherby good peace Avas made bytwene Englande and 
 Castyle ; and within two yeres after tliis maryage kynge Johan of Castyle dyed, and was 
 
 3X2 buiyed 
 
 ! This chapter ought to be numbered CLXXII. '' Galicia. 
 
524 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 buryed in Burgus, in Spaygne. Anone after his dethe, the prelates and lordes of 
 Spaygne drewe toguyder, and detennyned tocrovvne the yonge lierytoure the prince of 
 Galyce :" this prince Henry was crowned the nynth yere ol his age, and his wyfe 
 doughter to the duke of Lancastre, was a fyftene yere of age. Thus the dukes doughter, 
 by the lady Costaunce, was quene of Castyle, and lady and heritour to all the landes 
 and seignories that kyng Dompeter,'' kyng Henry, and kyng Johan helde, excepte that 
 the duke of Lacastre her father, and his wyfe her mother, had durynge their lyues, 
 whiche was a pensyon of a hundred thousande floreyns by yere : and foure of the best 
 erles of Spayne were pledges and dettours for the same. Thus the duke of Lancastre 
 sawe his two doughters, (one quene of Spaygne, the other quene of Portugale,) 
 bestowed. 
 
 NoAve lette vs speke of the yonge erle of Armynake, and of the voyage he made into 
 Lombardy, for the matter requyreth it, and we shall leaue to speke of the kynge of 
 Castyle. 
 
 Of the army of the yonge erk Jo/ian of Armynake, and of the vyage that he made 
 into Lovibardy, and howe he dyed at the siege before the towne of Alexandre. 
 
 CAP. CLXXVII.' 
 
 IT hath been shewed here before what great affectyon the yonge Erie of Armynake 
 had to go into Lombardy with menne of warre, to ayde and assyste his suster germayne, 
 and his brother in lawe her husbande, the lorde Barnabo, eldest sonne to the lorde Bar- 
 nabo, whome the duke of Myllayne had caused to be slayne marueylouslye : and this 
 duke of Myllayne was erle of Vertues, and named Galeas, whose doughter the duke of 
 Orlyaunce'' hadde to wyfe. This sayd lady, who was doughter to the olde erle of Ar- 
 mynake, and suster to the yonge erle, was greatly abasshed and disconforted, and had 
 no truste but on her brother ; she signified to hym all her estate, her pouertie and ne- 
 cessyte, and domage that she suflTred, and humbly requyred her brother that he wolde 
 helpe to kepe and defende her agaynste the tyraunt the erle of Vertues, who wolde 
 disheryte her without any tytell of reason. And to the request of his suster the erle of 
 Armynake condiscended, and sayde : That whatsoeuer it shulde coste hym, he wolde 
 do his deuoyre to ayde his suster; and all that he promysed he accoplisshed in dede: 
 for he had, by the ayde of the erle Dolphyne of Auuergne, made dyuers treaties in 
 Auuergne, Rouergue, Qiiercy, Lymosyn, Piergourte,^ Engoulmoys, and Agenoyes, 
 and had bought certayne fortresses whiche had been kepte by the Englysshemen, gas- 
 coyns, and bretons, suche as hadde made warre agaynst the realme of Fraunce, vnder 
 colour of the kyng of Englande: and all suche as he hadde agreed withall, hadde their 
 pardons of the Frenche kyng, and besyde that, the kyng gaue golde and syluer to be 
 gyuen amonge theym : but they were all bounde to the erle of Armynake, to go with 
 hym into Lobardy to ayde hym in his warres there ; and euery man shewed hymselfe 
 therto well wyllynge, and euery man drewe to the ryuer of Rosne, and to y ryuer of 
 Sosne. The duke of Berrey, and the duke of Burgoyne, suffred them in their countreys 
 to lake vitaylles at their pleasure, for they wolde gladly haue had them clene delyuered 
 out of the countre. And in y season vnder the kyng there ruled in the Dolphynry, the 
 
 lorde 
 
 ' Galicia. " Don Pedro. ' This chapter ought to be numbered CLXXIII. 
 
 ' Afterwards duke of Touraine. ! Perigord. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 525 
 
 lorde Engueram Durdyn, and the kynge had written to hym, commaundyng that these 
 men of warre parteynyng to the erle ol" Aimynake, shulde pesably passe throughe the 
 countrey, and to haue tliat they neded for their money. 
 
 Whan the erle of Foiz, beynge in Byerne, in his castell ol' Ortays, vnderstode howe 
 the erle of Armynake assembled men of warre toguyder, he began to muse, for he was 
 a man ^reatly ymaginatife: well he had herde liowe the brute was, that the erle of Ar- 
 mynak'e made this assemble to go into Lobardy, agaynst the lorde of Myllaygne ; but 
 bycause in tyme past the erle of Armynake, and his predecessours before him, and his 
 brother Bernarde of Armynake, had made hym warre, therfore he douted lest the sayde 
 assemble shulde tourne agaynst hym : wherfore he thought lie wolde nat be vnprouyded, 
 but prepared his fortresses with men of warre, and made suche prouysion, that if he 
 were assayled, to resyst it with all his puissaunce. But the erle of Armynake, nor his 
 brother, were nothynge of that purpose, but thought surely to vpholde y treuce that was 
 bytwene them, and to atcheue his enterprice into Lombardy. There were many 
 knyghtes and squyers Englysshe, gascoyns, bretons, and other, that were bounde to 
 serue the erle of Armynake" in his warres ; but if he shulde haue made warre agaynst the 
 erle of Foiz, they wolde haue taken the erle of Foiz parte, and haue forsaken the erle 
 of Armynake, the erle of Foiz was so wel beloued with all men of warre, for the wyse- 
 dome, largesse and prowesse that was in hym. And whane the duchesse of Thourayne 
 was enfourmed howe therle of Armynake was redy to passe ouer the mountayns, to entre 
 into Lombardy, with puissaunce of men of warre, to make warre agaynst the duke of 
 Myllayne her father, and howe that the Freche kyng, and his vncles, the dukes of Ber- 
 rey, and Burgoyne, consented therto, bycause they wolde haue their countreis clene 
 auoyded of the copanyons and routes of pyllars, suche as had oftentymes greued sore 
 their coutreys, this lady thought nat to forgette the matter, but wrote to her father the 
 duke of Myllayne, all that she knewe, to the entente that he shulde take hede to hym- 
 selfe, and to his countrey. The lorde of Myllayne was well enformed of the busynesse, 
 and prouyded for menne of warre where he might gette them, and refresshed his townes, 
 cyties, and castelles, with vitayle, and other munysios of warre, and loked surely to 
 haue warre with the erle of Armynake, as they hadde indede. 
 
 About the myddes of the moneth of Marche, the moost parte of these copanyons 
 were assembled toguyder in the marchesse of Auignon, all alonge the ryuer of Rosne, to 
 the nombre of fyftene thousande horses, and passed the ryuer, and so entred into the 
 Dolphynny of Vyen, and lodged abrode in the vyllages : and some passed forwarde, to 
 haue the more easy passage thoroughe the mountayns, whiche were peryllous to passe, 
 bothe for man and horse. The erle of Armynake, and his brother, with certayne other 
 knyghtes, wente to Auygnon, to se hym that was called pope Clemente, and the car- 
 dynalles there, and ofi'red their seruyce to the pope, to ayde hym agaynst the tyrantes 
 the lombardes, for whiche offre they were thanked ; and whan they had ben there an 
 eight dayes, and that great parte of their company were paste forwarde, they tooke their 
 leaue of the pope, and of the cardynalles, and prepared to folowe their men: there the 
 two bretherne departed asondre, the erle Johan of Armynake, and sir Bernarde his bro- 
 ther. Than the erle sayde : Brother, ye shall retourne backe to Armynake, and kepe 
 our herytage, of Comynges, and Armynake, for as yet all the fortresses be natdelyuered 
 fro the companyons ; there is as yet the garyson of Lourde, whei e as Peter Arnaulte 
 kepeth vnder the kynge of Englande, and also the garyson of Bouteuyll, whiche is 
 kepte by sir Johan of Granley,^ sonne to the Caplall of Buse ;" and thoughe it be so that 
 
 a? 
 
 I Greilly. " BucU. 
 
5*6 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 as nowe we haue peace with the erie of Foiz, yet it is good to double hym, for he is 
 cruell and hastye ; his thought is vnknowen, therfore it is good that our landes be nat 
 dyspurueyed : wherfore Brother, for these causes and other, ye shall retourne home, 
 and ye shalle here often fro me, and I fro you. Sir Bernarde lightlye agreed to this 
 purpose: the deuyse semed good to hym; nor also he had no great affectyon to go 
 forthe in that iournay. Than at his departynge the erle his brother sayde to hym: 
 Brother, in youre retournyng, ye shall go to our cosyn Raymonde of Thourayne, who 
 holdeth lande of the pope in the countie of Venus, and maketh warre agaynst hym, 
 and my cosyn hath maryed his doughterto the prince of Orenge: and shewe hym howe 
 I am desyred of the pope to requyre hym to go with me in this voyage, and I shall make 
 hym my companyon in euery thynge, and I shall tary for hym at the cytie of Gappe, 
 bytwene y mountayns. Sir, quod Bernarde, I shall do your message. Thus the two 
 bretherne departed asondre in the felde, and neuer mette toguyder agayne after. The 
 erle of Armynake toke the waye to the cytie of Gappe, in y lande of Gauos, and Ber- 
 narde his brother went to the castell of Bolongne, where sir Raymonde of Thouraygne 
 was, who receyued his cosyn ioyously. Than sir Bernarde shewed hym the message 
 that he had to saye fro his brother the erie of Armynacke, with as fayre wordes as he 
 coulde deuyse, the rather therby to enclyne hym therto. Than sir Raymonde aun- 
 swered and sayd : Fayre cosyn, or your brother the erle of Armynake be entrtd farre 
 into Lobardy, and hath besieged any towne, I shall folowe hym, but as yet it is to 
 soone forme and my men to go forwarde : write vnto your brother my cosyn, y aboute 
 the moneth of Maye I shall folowe hym, and by y tyme I trust to haue an ende of the 
 war bytwene myne vncle pope Clement, and the cardinals at Auignon and me, who as 
 yet wyll do me no ryght, and kepeth awaye fro me perforce, that myne vncle pope 
 Gregorie gaue me ; they wene to wery me, but they shall nat : they desyre knyghtes and 
 squyers, and gyueth theym pardons to make warre agaynst me, but they haue no lyst 
 therto, for I canne haue mo men of warre for a thousande Floreyns in one daye, than 
 they can haue for all their absolucions in seuyn yere. Fayre cosyn, quod sir Bernarde, 
 thatistrewe; kepe on your purpose, I wolde nat counsayle you otherwyse ; and as ye 
 haue aunswered me, so shall I write to my brother therle of Armynake. So be it, quod 
 sir Raymonde. Thus they were toguyder all a hole daye. Thaiie sir Bernarde departed 
 and passed the ryuer of Rosne, at the bridge Saynt Espyrite, and so retourned into 
 Quercy, and into Rouergue, by the mountayns, and so came thyder as he wolde be, and 
 lefte the erle of Armynake his brother alone with his warre, against the duke of Myl- 
 layne, erle of Vertues. Or he departed fro Bologne, he wrote to his brother all the 
 newes that he knewe, and the answere of sir Raymonde of Thourayne. The erle of 
 Armynake receyued the letters in the waye goyng to the cytie of Gappe : he redde the 
 letters, and so passed forthe and made no great force of the matter. 
 
 We wyll contynue to speke of the yonge erle of Armynacke, and shewe his feate, or 
 I speke of any other mater. And thus I say, the good loue and great affection that he 
 had to conforte his suster and brother in lawe her husbande, whom the erle of Vertues, 
 who called hymselfe lorde of Myllaygne, falsely disheryted withoute cause or tytell, 
 caused the erle ioyously to passe in his iourney as farre as Pyemount, in Lombardy. 
 There was two great reasons that caused the erle of Armynake to assemble, and to make 
 that iourney at that tynie: The fyrste was, that the realme of Fraunce therby was clene 
 rydde of the routes of these companyons, that hadde done moclie Inute in the realme, 
 and therby the countreys belter assured than they were before. The seconde reason 
 Avas, to aydc his suster, for he had great pvtie that she and her husbande shulde lese 
 their herytage, wherby they shulde lyue and maynleyne their estate : and for these con- 
 syderacions he toke on hym this enterprice. The c;ipitayns of the companyons sayde 
 
 one 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 527 
 
 one to another: Lette vs ryde forthe merily agaynst these lombardes : we haue a good 
 quaiell, and a iuste tytcll, and we haue a good capitaync, wlierby our warre shal be 
 moche the better ; and also we shall go into the best countrey of all the worlde, for 
 Lombardy receyueth fro all costes the fatnesse of the worlde; and these lombardes be 
 naturally euer riche and cowardes ; we shall attayne agaynst theym moche profyte; 
 there is none of vs that be capitayns, but that shall retourne so ryche, that we shal 
 neuer nede to make warre more agaynst any man. Thus the companyons deuysed one 
 with another, and whan they came into a plentuous countrey, there they wolde tary a 
 season to refresshe them and their horses. 
 
 In the same season the good aducturous knight of Englande, sir Johan Hacton,' was 
 in the marchesse of Florece, and made warre agaynst the florctyns, in the quarell of 
 pope Bony face of Rome, for they were rebel I agaynst the popes comaundement, and 
 so were also the Perusyns.'' The erle of Armynake thought that if he might get this 
 Englysshe knyght to take parte with hym, he shulde haue a great treasure of hym, by- 
 cause of his wysedome and valyauntnesse : the erle wrote to hym, signyfieng hym all 
 the hole mater of his enterprice, desyringe hym of his ayde ; whiche letter was sente by 
 a discrete person to sir Johan Hacton,' beyng in the marchesse of Florence, and had a 
 two thousande fyghtynge men. He receyued the letter and redde it, and whan he 
 hadde well vnderstande all the substaunce therof, he was ryght ioyfull, and aunswered 
 andsayde : That his owne warre ones atchyued, he wolde do nothyng after, tyll he were 
 in the company of the erle of Armynake. The messangere sayde : Sir, ye saye well : I 
 requyre you write your mynde to my lorde the erle of Armynake, he wyll the better 
 beleue it. With ryght a good wyll, sir, quod the knight, it is reason that I so do. 
 Than the Eno-lysshe'knyght wrote, and delyuered the letter to the messangere, who re- 
 tourned and came agayne to his lorde, and founde hym as than in the marchesse of Py- 
 neroll, where was gret treatie bitwene hym and the Marques of Saluces, who shulde 
 be alyed with hym, to ayde him in his warre agaynst the duke of Myllayne, erle of 
 Vertues. 
 
 The tidynges that the erle of Armynackes Squyer brought to hym fro sir Johan 
 Hacton," and of the wordes that were written within the letter, the erle was greatly 
 reioysed, and sayde : that he trusted to make suche warre to the duke of Myllayne, 
 that he wolde bring hym to reason, or elles to dye in the payne. Whan all his com- 
 pany were passed thestraytes of the mountayns, and were in the good countrey of Pie- 
 mounte, nere Thouraygne,'' than they rode abrode, and dyde moche hurte in the 
 vyllages, suche as coulde nat holde agaynst them. Than the erle layde sige before 
 Asti,"in Pyemount, and entended to tary there for sir John Hacton.' Prouisyon came 
 to them fro all partes, and also the companyons wan certayne small holdes, and toke 
 the vitayls that was within them. The countre of Pyneroll, and the landes of the Mar- 
 ques Mountferat, were opyned and apparelled to delyuer vytayles, and other thynges 
 necessary for y boost, bothe for men and horse ; and also great prouisyon came to them 
 out of y Dolphyne, and out of the countie of Sauoy. Many folkes greatly enclyned to 
 the erle of Armynake, bycause they sawe his quarell was good and iust, and also by- 
 cause the erle of Vertues had caused to be slayne his owne vncle, sir Bernabo, for enuy, 
 to sette agayne the lordes of Lombardy into their herytages, and disheryted his cosyn 
 germayns, wherof many great lordes, thoughe they spake but lytell therof, yet they 
 hadde great pytie of the case. Whyle the erle laye thus at siege before Asli, he herde 
 ddynges of sir John Hacton,'' wherof he was greallye reioysed. The tidynges was, that 
 
 the 
 
 ' Hawkwood. " Perugiajis. ' Turin. 
 
52g THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 the florentynes were come to the popes mercye, and also the Venisyens, and howe that 
 the sayd sir John sliulde haue threscore thousande Floreyns for hym and his company, 
 and that money ones payde, receyued, and delyuered, where as it shuide be departed, 
 than he promysed with a fyue hundred speares, and a thousande brigans afote, to come 
 into the iVonter of Genes,' and to passe ouer the ryuer, wheder their ennemyes wolde or 
 natte, and so to come to the erle of Armynake, wheresoeuer he shuide be. These ti- 
 dyn^es o-reatlye reioysed the erle of Armynake, and all his company, for the ayde of 
 this^ir John Hacton'' was right pleasaunt. Than the erle of Armynake was counsailed 
 to departe thens, and to go and laye siege before a great cytie called Alexandre, at the 
 entryng of Lobardy, and whafie they had won that, than to go to Bresuell,"" whiche was 
 also a good cytie and a fayre. 
 
 Thus the erle of Armynake and his company layde siege before the cyte of Alexaundre, 
 standyng in a fayre countrey and a playne, at the departyng out of Pyemount, and at 
 the entrynge of Lumbardy, and the way to go to the ryuer of Genes ;^ these men of 
 warre passed the ryuer of Thesyn,"* and lodged at their ease at large, for the countrey was 
 good and plesaunt there aboute. The lorde Galeas lorde of Myllayne, and erle of 
 Vertues, was as than in a towne called the cytie of Pauy,' and daylye herde tidynges 
 Tvhat his enemyes dyde : but he had marueyle of one thynge, hovve therle of Armynake 
 coude gelte the rychesse to pay wages to so many men of warre as he hadde brought 
 with hym ; but his counsayle answered hym and sayde : Sir, haue no marueyle therof, 
 for the men that he hath, be suche companyons, that desyreth to wynne and to ryde at 
 aduenture ; they haue vsed longe to ouerron the realme of France, and to take holdes 
 and garysons in the countrey, so that }' countrey coude neuer be delyuered of them; 
 and so it is, that nowe of late the duke of Berrey, and the Dolphyn of Auuergne, to 
 whose coutreys these rutters dyde moche domage, for they kepte them there against the 
 lordes wylles, and ouerranne the best parte of their herytages, and made theym warre : 
 and they caused the Erie of Armynake to treate with these companyons, so that the 
 Frenche kyng shuide suffre the to come into this your coutrey to make warre : and therby, 
 and by meanes of certayne money gyuen to them, they are auoyded oute of all the for- 
 teresses in the countrey ; and also besyde that, the Frenche kynge halh pardoned all 
 suche as made warre agaynst hym, on y codycion that they shuide serue the erle of Ar- 
 mynake in his warres, and all that they coude get shuide be their owne; they demaunde 
 none other wages ; and suche be named men of armes amonge theym, with a fyue or 
 sixe horses, that if they were in their owne countreys they wolde go afoole, and be but 
 as poore men. It is great parell and jeopardy to fyght agaynst suche men, and also 
 lightly they be all good men of warre : wherfore sir, the best counsayle that we can 
 gyueyou, is to kepe your townes and fortresses: they be stronge and well prouyded 
 for, and your enemyes haue none artyllary nor engyns, for the saute to be regarded ; 
 they maye Avell come to the barryers of your townes andscrimysshe : other domage they 
 can do none; and this appereth well, for they haue ben in your coutrey this two 
 monethes, and as yet haue taken no fortresse Ivtell nor gret. Sir, let them alone, and 
 they shall wery theselfe, and be distroyed at the ende, so ye fyght nat with them ; and 
 whan they haue distroyed the playne countre, and haue no more to lyue by, they shall 
 than be fayne to returne for famyne, without any other yuell fortune fall on them in the 
 meane tyme : and it shall be well done that your men of warre in your fortresses kepe 
 toguyder to ayde eche other in tyme of nede : and sir, sende to suche places as \e 
 thynke your enemyes wyll besiege to resyst the, for townesmen haue but small defece: 
 ior they be nat so vsed nor accustomed to warre, nouther to assaut nor to defende as men 
 
 of 
 
 f Genoa. ;; Hawkwood. * Brescia? "• Ticino. ? Pavia. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROTSSART. 529 
 
 of armes, knightes and squyers be, who are norisshed ;md brought vp therin; sir, sende 
 your men of warre to the cytie of Alexandre, theiby ye shall haiie double proi'yte; 
 your cytie shal be defended, and your people shall loue you the better, whan ihey se ye 
 do ayde and conforl iheni: and sir, therto ye be boude .sithe ye haue gouernaunce oner 
 them, and that they paye to you their rentes, subsydies, and aydes, that ye liaue de- 
 maunded of them dyuers tymes : your enemyes cannat be so strong in the felde before 
 Alexaundre, that the tovvne shulde be closed in rounde about: they haue no suche 
 nombre to do it, wherfoie your men shall entre into the towne at their ease ; and whan 
 they of the towne shall se themselfe refresshed with yuur men of warre, they shall haue 
 y more corage, and loue you moche the belter, and shall putte out of their hertes all 
 maner of Ireatie with your ennemyes. To this counsaile the lorde of Myllayne agreed; 
 and incontynent he assembled toguyder his men of warre a fyue hundred speaies, and 
 he made capitayne of the an auncient knight, called sir Jaques of Byerne,^ an expert 
 man of armes, and they rode through the coutrey priuely, and so on a nyght they entred 
 into the towne of Alexaundre : they of the towne were greatly reioysed of their comyng, 
 and good cause why: bycause the erle of Armynake sawe no menne styrrynge in the 
 towne, therfore thre dayes toguyder they sauttd and scrimysshed at the barriers, and 
 yet with the small nombre that were there, the armynakes were so well resysted that 
 they wan nothyng. Whan sir Jaques de la Byerne," and his company were entred into 
 the strong cyte of Alexaundre, and were lodged and refresshed, the gouernour of the 
 cytie and other came to vysiie the in their lodgynge. Than sir Jaques demaunded of 
 them the state of the cyte, and the demeanour of their enemyes, to take coiisayle ther- 
 vpon. The auncient men and most sagest answered and sayd : Sir, sithe the erle of Ar- 
 mynake hath layde siege before vs, euery daye we haue had assautes and scrimysshes 
 before our barryers. Well, sirs, quod the knyght, tomorowe we shall se what they 
 wyll do ; they knovve nat of my comyng, I wyll make a secrete issue, and lye in an en- 
 busshe for them. Ah, sii, quod they, ye haue nede to beware what ye do, for they 
 are a sixtene thousande horses, and if they discouer you in the felde without any ba- 
 taile, they shall reyse suche a dust with their horses agaynst you and your company, 
 that ye shal be dene disconfit among yourselfe. Well, quod the knyghtes, tomorowe 
 we shall se howe the mater shall go; we must do some feate of armes sithe we be come 
 hyder. Than euery man retourned to their lodging, and the knight gaue knowledge to 
 his copany, howe that the next mornyng secretly he wolde issue out of the cytie and lye 
 in a busshment in the feldes, and comaunded euery mau to be redy. 
 
 The nexte mornyng sir Jaques de la Bierne^ armed hym and all his company, and 
 issued out secretely, and with hym a foure hundred, halfe a myle oute of the towne, 
 and assembled in a valey, and caused other two hundred to abyde at y barriers: and 
 comaunded them, that if their enemyes came to assayle them, that they shulde make but 
 faynt defence, and recule backe thyderwarde, where as they wolde lye in y busshement. 
 The daye was fayre and clere, and the erle of Armynake, Avho was yong and lusty, 
 after he had lierde masse in his pauilyon, armed hym and displayed his penon, and 
 toke with hym but a hundred men, thynking that no man shulde encountre hym, and 
 so came with his company before the barryers lytell and lytell : some folowed hym and 
 some satte styll and sayd : What nede we to arme vs? whan we come to the barryers we 
 shall se no man there ; and so satte styll eatyng and drinkyng, and therle of Armynake 
 went to scrimysshe before the barryers, and there began to scrimysshe one Avith another ; 
 and within a shorte season the defenders beganne to recule lytell and lytell, jyll they 
 came to their enbusshe. Whan sir Jaques d'^e la Bierne' sawe his enemyes coe before 
 
 Vol. II. 3 Y hym, 
 
 " De la Bernic. 
 
530 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 hym, he discouered hymselfe, and set on the armynagoys, who valyauntly defeded 
 themselfe, for alwayes lytell and lytell socour came to them ; there was many a feate of 
 armes done ; it was on saynte Christofers daye, and the daye was so hoote that suche as 
 were in their harnes thought verily they had ben in a fumes, the wether was so faynt 
 without wynde, so that the lustyest ther had moche a do to do any feate of armes : the 
 partye of Myllayne were thre agaynst one: the duste and the powder was so great that 
 they coulde scante se one another, and specially they of the erle of Armynakes parte. 
 There fell to the erle a great aduenture : he was so oppressed with heate, that he was so 
 feble that he coulde scant helpe himselfe, so that he drewe aparte out on the one syde 
 of the felde, and no man with him, and there founde a lytell ryuer; whan he felte the 
 ayre of the water he thought he was in paradyse, and sate downe alone besyde the water, 
 and with moche payne dyd of his basenet and sate bareheded, and wasshed his face, and 
 dranke of y water, wherby he was worse than he was before, for the coldnesse of the 
 water coled so his blode that he was faynter thanne he was before, and fell in a paluesy, 
 so that he lost the strength of his body and speche, and his men had loste hym : there 
 were many taken. After, a knight of the duke of Millayns foude the erle of Armynake ; 
 whan he sawe hym, he had meruayle what he was: he parceyued wel he was a knyght 
 and a man of honour ; than the knight said. Sir, who be you ? yelde you, ye are my 
 prysoner. The erle understode hym nat, nor he coulde nat speke, but he helde vp his 
 hande, and made token to yelde hym. The knyght wolde haue hadde hym to ryse, but 
 he coulde nat ; the knyght taryed styll with him whyle other dyd fyght, in the whiche 
 batayle many a feate of armes was done. 
 
 Whan syr Jaques de la Bierne," who was a sage knyght, sawe howe the iourney wan- 
 good for his party, and howe that a great nombre of his enemyes were taken and slayne, 
 and also sawe well that his owne men waxed wery, and" that his enemyes began to mul- 
 typly with fresshe men, than he reculed towarde the cytie skrymysshynge and defend- 
 ynge. The knyght that had taken the erle of Armynake, thought nat to leaue hym be- 
 hynde, for he thought surely he was some man of honoure, and desyred his company to 
 ayde hym to beare his prisoner into y towne, promysynge them to haue parte of his 
 raunsome : they dyd so, and with moche payne brought him into the cyte, and he was 
 vnarmed and layde in a bedde. Than syr Jaques de la Bierne" entred into the cytie, 
 and toke his lodgynge, and vnarmed hym, and refresshed him and his company. And 
 whan the erle of Armynacke was myst in the boost without, they were sore dysmayed 
 and wyst nat what to say nor do, and some came to the place where the batayle had ben 
 to seke for hym, and returned agayne clene dyscomfyted. The knyght that had taken 
 the erle of Armynake, had great desyre to know what man his prisoner was, and came 
 to another squyer that was in lykewyse taken prisoner, a gascon, desyringe his mayster 
 to suffre hym to go with hym to his lodgynge ; so they went togyder : the lombarde 
 knyght led the squyer of Fraunce into a chambre, and brought hym to the bedde where 
 the erle of Armynake lay sore complaynyng, and caused torches to be lyghted vp, and 
 than said to the french squyer: Sir, knowe you nat this man ? The squyer regarded 
 hym well and sayd : I knowe hym well, for I ought so to do, it is our capitayne the 
 erle of Armynake. With the whiche wordes the lombarde was ioyfull, but the Erie 
 was so sycke that he vnderstode nothynge that Avas sayd to hym. Than his mayster 
 sayd, go we hence, let hym rest. Thus they left him, and the same nyght he dyed, 
 and passed this transitory lyfe. The next day whan it was knowen that the erle of 
 Armynake was deed in Alexaunder in his bedde, syr Jaques of Bierne" wolde nat that 
 his dethe shulde be vnknowen, but caused it to be publysshed in the boost, by suche 
 
 , prisoners 
 
 " De la Berme. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 53i 
 
 prisoners as he had, to se what his enerayes wolde do. They of the host were sore dys- 
 comfytedas they well shewed, for as than they had no capitayne to drawe vnto, lor ihey 
 were but companyons oadred ot all paries : than they sayd, let vs returne and sane our- 
 selfe, for we haue lost'our tyme. Anon it was knowen in the Cytie, howe the army- 
 nois were discofyted, and had no capytayne ; than they armed them, and issued out a 
 horsebacke and afoote, and set on the boost cryenge : Pauy" for the lorde of Myllayne: 
 there they were taken and slayne without defence. The conquest and botye was great 
 with the companyons that were come thyder with syr Jaques of Bierne.'' The Army- 
 nagois yelded themselfe without defence, and caste away armure and fledde, and were 
 chased lyke beastes. Lo what a harde aduenture therle of Aimynake and his company 
 had, and where as his entente was lo do well, it tourned hym to great yuell. If he had 
 lyued fyuedayeslenger, syr Johan Acton' had come to hym with fyue hundred speares, 
 and a thousande brigandyns afoote, wherby he myght haue done many feates of armes, 
 and all lost by harde aduenture. 
 
 Whan the duke of Myllayn knewe the trouth that his enemyes were slayne and taken, 
 and specyally the erle of Armynake slayne, he was ioyfuU therof, and loued syr Jaques 
 de Bierne'' the better in his herte, and made hym soueraygne ouer all his chyualry, 
 and made him chefe of his cousayle. The duke of Myllayne, to auoyde his countrey of 
 his enemyes, gaue to euery prysoner that was a gentylraan a horse, and to euery other 
 man a florayne, and quyted them clene of their raunsomes : but at their departynge he 
 caused them to swere that they shulde neuer after arme them agaynst hym. Thus these 
 companions departed out of Lombardy, and Piemount, and entred into Sauoy, and into 
 the dolpheny, and had suche pouertie that it was raarueyle, for as they passed euery 
 towne was closed agaynst theym. Anone, euery man had spent his florayn ; some had 
 pylie of them, and dyd gyue them almes for charite, and some rebuked aiid mocked 
 them, sayenge : Go your wayes, seke out your erle of Armynake, who is drinkynge at 
 a well before^Alexaundre : yet they were in more myschiefe whan they came to the 
 ryuer of Rone ; they had thought lightly to haue passed ouer into the realme of Frauce, 
 but they dyd nat, for the frenche kynge hadde comaunded all the passages to be closed 
 and kept agaynst them, wherby they fell in great daunger and pouertie; after that they 
 coulde neuer assemble togyther agayne. Thus the yonge erle of Armynakes army 
 brake asonder, and his suster abode styll in as yuell case as she was in before. Than J 
 duke of Myllayne sent for a bysshop of his coijtrey, and for suche as were most next to 
 the erle of Armynake, as had ben there with hym at that iourney : and the duke co- 
 maunded that therles body shulde be baumed, and sente to his brother syr Barnarde, 
 who was ryght sorowfuUof diose tydynges, and good cause why, but there was no re- 
 medy. Than the erle of Armynake was buryed in the cathedrall churche of Rodays, 
 and there he lyelh. 
 
 It ought to be knowen, as it hath ben contayned here before in this history, how syr 
 Thomas Percy was sent by kyng Rycharde of Englande, into the realme of Frauce, and 
 shewed well howe he had gret affectyon to haue a ferme peace bytwene Englande and 
 Fraunce, and specyally two of the kynge of Englandes vncles, as the duke of Lancastre, 
 and ihedukeEdmondeofYorke; but die kynges other vncle, the duke of Glocestre, 
 and constable of Englande, wolde in no wyse acorde to haue any peace with the french- 
 men, without it were to the kynges honoure and theirs, and that there myght be rendred 
 agayne all suche cyties, townes, castels, landes, and sygnories, whiche had been gyuen 
 to the kynge of Englande, and to his heyres, whiche falsely had ben taken away by the 
 ^ ° o » 3 Y 2 frenchmen 
 
 3 Pavia. - " De la Berme. ' Hawkwood. 
 
532 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 frenchmen without tytell or reasone, and besyde that the some of four^ thousande 
 frankes, whiche was owyng whan the frenchmen began the warre agayne ; and of this 
 opynyon was dyuers lordes of Englande, sayenge, that to y dethe they wolde iustifye 
 the same : many sayd that the duke of Glocestre had good ryght and reason to sustayne 
 that opinyon ; but they dissymuled the mater couertely, bycause they sawe y kynges 
 mynde and affection enclyned greatly to haue peace ; but the poore knightes and squyers 
 and archers of Englande rather enclyned to haue warre, suche as had susteyned their 
 estates bv reason of the warre. Consydre well than howe peace, loue, or acorde might 
 be had bytwene these parties: for the frenchemen in their treatie demaunded to haue 
 Calays beaten downe, and to haue the sygnorie of Guysnes, Hammes, Marke,'' and Oye, 
 and all the landes of Froyton,'' and the dependantes of Guysnes, vnto the lymyttes of 
 the water of Grauelyng ; and the frenche kynge offred to delyuer to the crowne of Eng- 
 liide as moch landes in valure in Acquytayn; against whiche arlycley duke ol Gloucestre 
 lielde and said: The frenchmen wyll paye vs with our owne, for they knowe well 
 ynou"h howe we haue charters sealed by kynge Johan and all his chyldren, that all hole 
 Acquytayn shulde haue been delyuered to vs, without any resorte or soueraynte to any 
 man ; and all that euer they haue doone sythe, hath ben by fraude and false engyn, and 
 nyght and day entende to no other thyng but to disceyue vs : for if Calays and suche 
 landes as they demaunde were delyuered into their handes, they shulde be lordes of all 
 the see coste, and than all our conquestes were as nothynge : I shall rather neuer agree 
 to peace as long as I lyue. 
 
 How syr Peter of Craon fell in the french kynges displeasure and in the duke oj 
 Thourayns, and after he was recei/ued by the duke of Bretayne. 
 
 CAP. CLXXVIII." 
 
 IN this said seaso there was a knyght of Fraunce of the countrey of Anion, a gentle 
 knight and of noble extraction, called syr Pyer of Craon, marueylously well beloued, 
 and specially with the duke of Thourayne, for aboute the duke nothynge was doone 
 but by hym ; also this knyght helde a gret astate about the duke of Anion, who was 
 called kynge of Naples, Cicyll, and Iherusalem, and also he was ryche. A sclaunder 
 ■was brought vpon hym through the realme of Fraiice, howe he had robbed the yonge 
 kynge of Cycyll, duke of Anion : for the whiche brute the sayd sir Peter absented him- 
 selfe fro the yonge kynge and fro his mother, who had ben wyfe to the olde duke of 
 Anion ; howebeit, he delte so that he was weibeloued with the frenche kynge, and with 
 his brother the duke of Thourayne: also the same season syr Olyuer of Clysson, as 
 thanne constable of Frauce, was greatly in fauour with the kyng and with the duke of 
 Thourayne, Avhiche fauour he had get by reason of the <rood seruyce that he had done 
 in armes, as well in Frauce as els where, in the kynges dayes and in his fatlieis dayes 
 kinge Charles ; and sir Olyuer of Clyssons doughter had wedded Johan of Bretayne, 
 brother germayne to the queue of Iherusalem ; and this syr Olyuer Clysson, by reason 
 of the alyaunce that he had by the maryage of Johan of Bretayne, was greatly in the 
 duke of Bretayns indignacion, insomoch that the duke helde him for his mortall enemy, 
 and Johan of Bretayne in likewyse : and the duke of Bretayne repented hym that he 
 had nat slaine sir Olyuer of Clysson whan he had hym in prisone in his cnstell of 
 Ermyn. This syr Peter of Craon was in suche Htuour with the duke of Bretaygne, 
 
 -, ■ Uiat 
 
 " 1.400,000. " Merle. ! Fixtin. *' TUis chapter oiiglit to be numbered CLXXIV. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 533 
 
 that he myght do with him what he lyst ; he was his cosyii : and whyle he was in fauour 
 with the frenche kynge and with the duke of Thourayn, he wolde gladly haue brought 
 out of the kynges fauoure syr Olyuer of Clysson the constable, if he coulde haue 
 brought it aboute. 
 
 Thus the enuyous whiche coueitely always hath reygned in Fraunce, dissymuling 
 iheir maters tyll they come to an ynell conclusion. The constable of Fraunce had al- 
 wayes ben so true in all his dedes to y croune of Fraunce, lliat euery manne loued hym, 
 except the duke of Burgoyn, who loued him nothyng: tlie hatred came by the duches 
 of Burgoyue, who was a lady of hygh corage, for she coulde nat lone the Constable, 
 for the duke of liretayne was nere of blode to her: and all that her father the erle of 
 Flaunders loued she loued, and suclie as he hated she dyd the same ; she was of that 
 condycion. This syr Peter ofCraon, whyle he was in the frenche court, and great with 
 the duke of Thourayne, he wrote often tymes to the duke of Bretayne secretly euery 
 thynge that he knewe, and the duke wrote agayne to hym: theffecte of their writynges 
 I coude nat knowe ; howbeit, I Johan Froysart, auctor of this hystory, on a tyme whan 
 I was at Parys, on a night whan a great myschefe was lykely to haue fallen vpon sir 
 Olyuer Clysson, constable of Fraunce, by a marueylous enterprise of syr Peter of 
 Craon, as I shall hereafter more playnly declare, whan tyme shall requyre ; and by- 
 cause I sawe the mater darke and obscure, and lykely to be great trouble and daunger, 
 I dyd all the payne I coulde to knowe the grounde and occasyon of the mater, why syr 
 Peter of Craon was so sodaynly banysshed fro the frenche kynges loue and the duke of 
 Thourayns. Suche serche I made, and suche enquery of them that knewe the mater, 
 that some of them enfourmed me of the trouth as the fame and renorne ran : fyrst, the 
 duke of Thourayn was dyspleased with this syr Peter of Craon through his owne faute, 
 for he dysclosed the secretnesse that was bytwene the duke of Thourayne and another 
 lady. If he dyd so, he dyd yuell. 
 
 The duke of Thourayne as than had suche fauour to syr Peter of Craon, that he toke 
 hym as his companyon, and ware euer lyke apparell, and had hym alwayes with hym 
 wheresoeuer he wente, and shewed hym all his secretes. This duke of Thourayn as 
 than was yonge and amorous, and gladly wolde company with ladyes and damosels, 
 and sporte hym amonge them, and specially as it was shewed me, he loued entierly a 
 fayre lady of Paris, yonge and fressh : his loue and secretes were knowen in suche wyse 
 that it turned to great dysplesure to the duke, and he wyste nat whome to blame but syr 
 Peter of Craon, for the duke had shewed hym all his secretes in that mater, and had 
 taken hym in his company Avhan he wolde secretly speke with the said yonge lady. 
 The duke on a tyme promysed the sayd lady a thousande crownes of golde, so that he 
 myght haue his pleasure of her ; but the lady as than refused it, and sayd, howe she 
 loued hym nat for his golde nor syluer, but pure loue enclyned her to beare hym her 
 good wyll ; but as for golde or syluer she wolde nat sell her honoure. All these 
 wordes and promesses were knowen by the duches of Thourayne, who incontynent 
 sent for the said yonge lady into her chambre ; than she called her by her name, and in 
 gret displeasure sayd : Wylte thou do me wronge with my lorde my husbande ? The 
 yonge lady was abasshed, and all wepynge sayd: Nay, madame, by the grace of god I 
 rieuer dyd thynke it, nor neuer wyll. Than the duchesse sayd: Thus it is, I ame en- 
 fourmed that my lorde my husbande loueth you, and you him, and the mater so farre 
 gone bytwene you, that in suche a place and at suche a tyme he promysed you a thou- 
 sade crownes of golde to haue his pleaser of you; howebeit, ye dyd refuse it as than, 
 wherin ye dyd wysely, and therfore as at this tyme I pardon you ; but I charge you, as 
 derely as ye loue your lyfe, y ye commune nor talke no more with hym, but suHie 
 
 livni 
 
534 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 hym to passe, and herkyn nat to his comunynge. Than whan the yonge lady sawe her- 
 selfe accused, of'trouth she answered and sayd : Madame, I shall delyuer ine fro him as 
 sone as I can, and shall so deale that ye shall haue no cause of dyspleasure in this 
 mater: therwith the duchesse gaue her leaue to departe, and so she returned to her 
 lodgyng. The duke of Thourayne, who knewe nothynge of this mater, and as he y 
 entierly loued this yonge lady, fortuned on a day to come where as she was. Whanne 
 she sawe hym, she eschewed his company, and made hym no maner of semblant of 
 loue, but dyd clene cotrary to that she had vsed before, for she durst nat, and also she 
 had sworne and promysed to the duches. Whan the duke sawe her countenaunce he 
 was pensyue, and thought he woide knowe why she delta so straungely, and deinaunded 
 of her the cause of her straungnes. The yonge lady all wepynge sayd : Syr, ye haue 
 bewrayed your loue, and the secrete promesse and offre that ye made me to my lady 
 your wyfe, or els some other ; remembre you wel to whom ye haue shewed your secret- 
 nesse, for, syr, I was in great daunger by my lady your wyfe, and by none other ; and I 
 haue sworne and promysed her that after this tyme I wyll neuer copany nor talke with 
 you, wherby she shulde haue any ielousy. Whan the duke herde y, they were sore 
 wordes to him, and greatly to his displeasure, and said : Ah, my fayre lady, 1 swere to 
 you by my faythe, that rather than this mater shulde haue ben shewed to my wyfe, 
 that I had loste a hundred thousande frankes ; sythe ye haue sworne, kepe your pro- 
 messe, for whatsoeuer it coste me I wyll knowe the trouth who hath bewrayed our 
 secretes. 
 
 Thus the duke departed fro the yonge lady, and made no seblant as than, but pacy- 
 entely sufFred ; howebeit, he thought the more, and at nyght came to his wyfe to supper, 
 and shewed her more token of loue than euer he dyd before ; and he dyd so moche 
 with fayre wordes, that the duchesse shewed him all the matter, and howe that she knewe 
 it by syr Peter of Craon. Than the duke spake no more at that tyme. That nyght 
 passed, and the nexte day, about nyne of the clocke, he toke his horse and rode fro the 
 howse of saynte Poll to the castell of Lowre,^ where he founde the kynge his brother 
 heryng of masse. The kyng swetely receyued hym, for he loued hym entyerly, and 
 the kynge sawe well by the dukes maner that he had some dyspleasure in his mynde, 
 and said: Ah, fayre brother, what is the mater? it semeth ye be troubled. Syr, quod 
 he, good cause why. Wherfore ? quod the kynge: I praye you shewe me. The duke, 
 who wolde hyde nothynge fro the kynge, shewed hym all the hole mater, and com- 
 playned greatly agaynst syr Peter of Craon, and sayd : Syr, by the faythe that I owe to 
 god and to you, if it were nat for your honour, I wolde slee hym. We shall do well 
 ynough, quod the kynge; he shall be warned by our counsayle to auoyde our house 
 and seruyce, and in lyke wyse cause him to auoyde your house and company. I am 
 well content with this, quod the duke. The same day the lorde de la Ryuer and sir 
 Johan Mercyer sayd vnto syr Peter of Craon, on the kynges behalfe, that he shulde 
 auoyde the kynges courte and seruyce, and go where he lyste: in lykewyse syr Johan 
 of Buell and the lorde of Deruaulx, seneschall of Thourayne, gaue hym lyke com- 
 maundement on the duke of Thourayns behalfe. Whan syr Peter of Craon sawe this, 
 he was abasshed, and tooke it in gre:it dyspyte, and coude nat ymagyn why it shulde 
 be; and trewe it was, he desyred to come into the kinges presence and the dukes, to 
 knowe the cause of their dyspleasure ; but he was aunswered, that nother the kynge 
 nor the duke wolde nat here hym speke. Whan he sawe none other remedy, he ap- 
 parelled hymselfe and departed out of Parys in great displeasure in his hert, and so 
 rode into Anion to a castell of his owne called Sable, and taryed there a season sore 
 
 troubled 
 
 ' The Louvre, 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 555 
 
 troubled in his mynde; he sawe well he was chased out of the frenche courte and out 
 of the house of Thourayn, and also out of the house of tlie queue of Naples and Iheru- 
 salem : than whan he parceyued these thre howses closed fro hym, he thought to go to 
 the duke of Bretaygne his cosyn, and to shewe hym all his aduentures : so he dyd, and 
 rode into Bretaynef and founde the duke at Wannes, who made hym good chere, and 
 knewe somwhat before of his trouble; and than this syr Peter shewed hym all the 
 case. Whan the duke of Bretaygne had well herde all the mater, he sayde : Fayre 
 cosyn, recomforte yourselfe ; all this is surely brought aboute by syr Olyuer of 
 Clysson. 
 
 This rote and foundacion of hatred multyplyed greatly after, as ye shall here in this 
 hystory. Syr Peter of Craon taryed so longe with the duke of Bretaygne, that he for- 
 gate Fraunce, for the constable, syr Olyuer of Clysson, and ihe kynges counsayle were 
 agaynste hym; and also they were nat contente with the duke of Bretayne in that he 
 kepte sir Peter Craon in his house : as for the duke of Bretaygne he cared nat greatly 
 neyther for the good wyll nor yuell wyll of the Frenche kynge ; he prouyded sufTy- 
 ciently for his cyties, townes, and castelles, in suche wyse that he loued as well warre 
 as peace; and all that euer he dyd was well knowen in Fraunce and with the kinges 
 counsayle: and suche as were nexte aboute the kynge reputed the duke of Bretaygne 
 prowde and presumptuous, and thretened him greatly: but the duke dyde sette lytell 
 therby, and sayde, that he wolde make warre agaynst the erle of Pointhieur' in a iuste 
 quarell, for the erle of Pointhyeur' our cosyn wryteth and nameth hymselfe Johan of 
 Bretayne, as though he were herytour of this countrey : I wyll he be called Johan, for 
 that is his name, and erle of Poiuthieur •' and I wyll he put out of his armes the Er- 
 myns, and write himselfe Johan of Bloys, or of Chatellon, and none other; and if he 
 wyll nat do thus, I shall cause him to do it, and take fro hym his lande, for he holdeth 
 it by faythe and homage of vs : as for the herytage of Bretaygne he hathe nothynge to 
 do therwith, so that it shulde returne to him, for I haue bothe sonnes and doughters 
 that shall be myne heyres : let hym purchase hym landes in some other place, for as of 
 this he hath fayled. Thus often tymes the duke of Bretayne wolde deuyse with sir 
 Peter of Craon, who wolde nat replye agaynst his pleasure, but rather dyd further it, 
 and all for the yuell wyll that he bare to the constable syr Olyuer of Clysson and to the 
 counsayle of Fraunce. 
 
 Nowe let vs leaue spekynge of this mater, and treate a lytell of another pytuous 
 mater concernynge the Erie Guy of Bloys, of whom mencyon is made here before in 
 this hystory. 
 
 Of the dethe of the yonge erle Loyes of Chastelone, sonne to tht erle Guy of Bloys. 
 
 CAP. CLXXIX." 
 
 IT hath been shewed here before in this hystory, whane I spake of the alyauce and 
 maryage of Lois of Chatellon, sonne to the erle of Bloys, maryed to ^ lady Marye, 
 doughter to duke Johan of Berrey ; and at the confyrmacyon of this maryage the duke 
 of Berrey prouyded greatly for his doughter, for she was assigned for her dowry in the 
 coutie of Bloys the somme of syxe thousande pounde money corante in Fraunce, to be 
 payed in florayns : if the foresayd Loys of Bloys dyed before his wyfe, than all the 
 
 countie 
 
 " Penthievre. " Chapter CLXXV. 
 
536 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART, 
 
 countie of Blois to be houde to pay tliese foreeayd syxe tlioiisande frankes. And so it 
 fortuned that about the feest of saint Johan the Baptyste, in the yere of our lorde sjod 
 a thousande, tine iiundred, fourscore and aleuen,this yonge Loys of Bloys, sonne to the 
 erle Guy, departed fro his father fro the castell of Moltyz^ in Bloys to go into Haynalt 
 to se his mother and wyfe ; and whan he came to Beaumontc in Haynalt he fell sycke 
 of a feuer, by reason that he had rydden great iourneys, and the season was hoote, and 
 he was but yuell kepte, and but tendre of age, as of xiiii. yeres, by whiche syckenes he 
 dyed without helpe, for the physycions coulde nat put away his bote feuer. Ye maye 
 well knowe that the father and mother were ryght soroufuU whan they knewe of the 
 dethe of thier sonne and heyre ; in lykewyse so was his wyfe, the yonge lady of Berrey, 
 who loued hym entierly, and thought herselfe hyghly maryed ; specyally the trouble 
 of the father was right gret, for he ymagyned that the duke of Berrey was ryght couet- 
 ouse, and feared leste he wolde entre into the countie of Bloys, and put him out for the 
 dowry of his doughter. Thus the duke of Berreys two doughters were bothe wydowes 
 in one yere ; the eldest, called Boesme,'' was countesse of Sauoy, and her husbande the 
 yonge erle of Sauoy, called Ame,' dyed the same yere ryght marueylously, of whose 
 deth there came great busynesse : and it was layde to sir Othe of Grauntsome,'' in suche 
 wyse that he was fayne to five out oF Sauoy and out of Fraunce and Almayne,' and so 
 wente and dwelte in the realme of Enalande. 
 
 Of the sodayne dethe of the Erie Gascon of Foiz, and howc the erle of Chastellon 
 
 came to thenherylauce. 
 
 CAP. CLXXX.f 
 
 THE same seasone also dyed the noble and gentle erle of Foiz ryght marueylously: 
 I shal shewe you by what incydente. Truely of all sportes this Erie loued hutynge 
 with houndes and greyhoundes, and of them he was well prouyded, for alwayes he 
 had at his comaundement mo than xvi hundred: the erle as than was at Barrey,^ in the 
 marches of Orthays, and wente dayly a huntynge into the woodes of Saluaterra,'' the 
 way to Panpylona in Nauerre ; and the same daye that he dyed he h^id hunted and 
 kylled a beare, and by that tyme it was high noone ; than the erle demaunded of them 
 that were aboute hym where his dyner was prouyded: it was shewed him at the hospy- 
 tall of Ryon, a two lytell myles fro Ortays ; and so thyder he rode to dyner, and so 
 alyghted there and went into his chambre, the whiche was strawed with grene herbes, 
 and the walles sette full of grene bowes, to make the chambre more fr«;ssh, for the 
 ayre without was marueylously bote as in the moneth of May : whan he felte that fresshe 
 ayre, he sayd : A this fresshnesse dolhe me moche good, for the daye hath been very 
 hoote: and so sate downe in a chayre : than he talked and deuysed with syr Espayne du 
 lyon of his houndes whiche had ronne best ; and as he thus deuysed, there cae into the 
 chambre sir Jenbayne' his bastarde sonne, and sir Peter of Cabestan, and the tables were 
 redy couered in the same chambre: than water was brought forthe to wasshe,'' and 
 Goiandon' of Spaygne tokea syluer bason and sir Tybaulte toke the towel; than the 
 erle rose and put out his handes to wasshe, and as sone as the colde water fell on his 
 
 fyngars 
 
 • Moutils. ^ Bona. "= Amadeus. '' Grandson. ' Germany. 
 
 Chapter CLXXVI. - Beam. •• Sauveterre. ' Evan. " " And two 
 
 squyers came forward, Raymonet de Lasne and Rayrnonet de Conipane," omitted, ' Johne* 
 
 calls him Ernandon. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 537 
 
 fyngars he waxed pale in the face, and sodainly his herte fayled hym, and so fell downe, 
 and in the fallynge sayd, Ah, I am but deed ; God haue mercy on me. He neuer 
 spake worde after; howebeit, he dyed nat so soone, but laye in great payne. The 
 knyghtes that were about hym were sore abasshed, and so was liis sonne : they tooke 
 hym in their amies, and layde hym on a bedde and couered hym, trustynge that he was 
 but in a traunce. The ii. knyghtes that had gyuen hym water, to the entent that it 
 shulde nat be sayde that they had enpoysoned hym, toke the bason and the ewer, and 
 sayde : Sirs, here in your presence beholde here this water, the whiche we toke assaye 
 of and yet wyll do; and there they drake therof, so that euery man was cotent with 
 them. They put into the erles mouthe drinke and spyces, and other tliynges comfort- 
 able, but all that aueyled nothyng, for in lesse than halfe an houre he was deed, and 
 yelded vp his brethe swetely. God of his pytie haue mercy on him. All such as were 
 there were greatly troubled and abasshed ; than they closed the chambre doore, to the 
 entent that hisdethe shulde nat be so sodaynly knoAven abrode. The knightes behelde 
 sir Jenbayne" his sonne, who wepte pituously and wrang his hades; and the knightes 
 that were with hym sayde. Sir Jenbayne," ye haue novve loste youre father ; we knowe 
 well he loued you entierly: leaue your sorowe, and leape on your horse and ryde to 
 Orthayes. Take you possessyon of the castell and of your fathers treasoure that is within 
 it, or euer the dethe of your father be knowen abrode. Sir Jenbayne'' enclyned to those 
 wordes, and sayd, Sirs, I thanke you of your good counsaile, the whiche I shall deserue ; 
 but thafie lelte me haue some token that is on ray father, or elles I shall nat be suffred to 
 entre into the castell. That is trewe, sir, quod they ; take soe token fro your father. 
 Than he toke a rynge fro his fathers finger, and a knyfe that he bare alwayes about 
 hym : these tokens the porter of the castell knewe well : if he hadde nat brought them, 
 he shulde nat haue entred in there. 
 
 Thus sir Jenbayne" of Foiz departed from the hospytall of Ryone, and thre with 
 hym, and rode in haste to the castell of Orthayes ; he rode throughe the towne, no man 
 mystrusted hym, and so came to the castell and called the porter, who aunswered and 
 sayd: sir, what wolde you haue? where is my lorde your father? He is at the hos- 
 pytall of Ryon, quod the knyght, and hath sent me for certayne thynges that is in his 
 chambre, and than I must returne agayne to him ; and to the entent that thou shuldest 
 beleue me, beholde here his rynge and knyfe. The porter opyned a wyndowe and 
 sawe the tokyns, which he knewe well ; than the porter opyned the wicket and he en- 
 tred in, and his varlettes dyd set vp his horses. As soone as he was entred, he sayde to 
 the porter, Close agayne the gate ; than he toke the porter and sayd, Delyuer me the 
 kayes, or els thou arte but deed. The porter was abasshed, and sayde, Sir, why say ye 
 thus ? Bycause, quod he, my father is deed, and I Avyll haue y possessyon of his trea- 
 sour, or any other come here. The porter obeyed, for he durst do none otherwise, 
 and he loued sir Jenbayne" as well as another. The knyght knewe ryght well where 
 the treasour laye, whiche was in a stronge towre, wherto belonged thre stronge dores, 
 surely bolted and barred, and dyuers kayes parteynyng to them, whiche kayes he coude 
 nat fynde redely, for they were in a cofer of stele, and locked with a lytell kaye of 
 stele, whiche kaye the erle euer bare on hym whersoeuer he wente, in a lytell purse 
 aboute his necke, whiche (after sir Jenbayne' was departed fro the hospytall) was 
 founde by the knightes that were about the deed corse : tha they marueyled what 
 kaye it shulde be that the erle bare so priuely about hymselfe. Than therles chape- 
 layne, called sir Nicholas of Escail, who knewe all the erles secretes (for the erle loued 
 hym well, and euer whan he went in to his treasorie house he had his chapelayne with 
 Vot. II. 3 Z hym) 
 
 ' Evan. 
 
538 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 hym) sayde: As soone as he sawe the kaye, Ah, sir Jenbayne" hath but lost his payne, 
 for this is the kaye of a lytell cofer, wlierin are all the kayes of the Towre and cofer, 
 wher all the Erles treasour lyeth. Than the knyghtes sayde, Sir Nicholas, Go and 
 ryde you to Orthayes, and beare hym the kaye. Sirs, quod he, sylhe ye gyue me the 
 counsayle, I shall do it, for it Avere better lie had his fathers treasoure than another ; and 
 also I knowe well his father loued hym entierly. Than he tooke his horse and tooke 
 the kaye and rode to the castell of Orthayes; and all tliat season sir Jenbayne" was 
 sertchynge all aboute for they kayes, and coulde nat fynde the, nor wyst nat howe to 
 get the towre dore opyn it was so stronge, nor also he hadde no instrumentes to breke it 
 opyn withall : and in this meane season the men of the towne hadde soone knowledge, 
 by varieties or women that came fro the hospytall, howe therle shulde be deed: these 
 were harde tidynges to them, for the erle was welbeloued with all his people. They 
 of the towne assembled toguyder in the markette place, and sayde one to another, suche 
 as hadde sene sir Jenbayn"* passe through the towne alone : We haue sene sir Jenbayne' 
 passe through the towne alone towardes the castell, and it semed by his countynaunce 
 he was nat content: surely there is somethyng amysse, for he was nat wonte to coe 
 home before his father. Thus as they were comunynge toguyder, there came into the 
 towne the Erles chapelayne : thane the men of the towne came aboute hym, and de- 
 mauded newes of therle their lorde ; it hath been shewed vs that he is deed ; is it so or 
 nat? Nay, quod the preest, he is not deed, but he is sore sicke, and I am come home 
 before to cause thynges to be dressed for hym, and than I muste retourne agayne to 
 hym; and so therwith he passed forth to the castell, and dyde so moche that he entred : 
 of whose commyng sir yuan had great ioye, for without the kaye that he brought he 
 coulde nat haue entred into the Towre where as the treasour was. Than the men of 
 the towne hadde great suspecte of the Erles dethe, and sayde: It is nere hande nyght, 
 and as yet we here nothynge of our lorde, nor of none of his offycers, and sir yuan and 
 his chapelayne are entred into the castell suspeciously : let vs watche the castell this 
 night, and to morowe we shall here other tidynges: lette vs sende secretely to y hospi- 
 tall, than shall we knowe howe the mater gothe ; also we knowe well tlie moost parte of 
 the erles treasour is within the castell, and if it be stoUen awaye by crafte we slial be 
 blamed for it ; ignoraunce shall nat excuse vs : they all thought it was best for them so 
 to do. Thaiie the men of the towne drewe about the castell, and kepte the gates of the 
 towne surely, that none shulde entre nor issue without lycence : thus they watched all 
 nyght, and in the mornyng they had parfyte knowledge of the dethe of their lorde. 
 Than euery man, woman, and chylde cryed out and wepte pituously, for the Erie 
 was welbeloued : than the watchman doubled and encreased in harnesse aboute the 
 castell. 
 
 Whan sir yuan of Foize sawe the maner of the men of the towne, and sawe well 
 howe he was parceyued, and that they knew the certayntie of the dethe of his father, 
 than he sayde to sir Nycholas : Sir, 1 haue fayled of myne entet ; I se well I can nat de- 
 parte hens without lycence : the men of the towne haue knowledge of my fathers dethe, 
 and they assemble in great nombre before y castell : it behoueth me to humble myselfe 
 to them, for force can nat aueyle me. Sir, ye saye trouthe, quod the preest; ye shall 
 wyn more by swete and fayre wordes than by rude and frowarde dealynge: go your 
 waye and speke with them. Than sir yuan went into a towre nere to the gate, and 
 opyned a wyndowe ouer the bridge, in the whiche towre he was brought vp in, tyll he 
 maryed the lady Jane of Boloyne,'' who afterwarde was duchesse of Bcrrey, as ye shall 
 
 here 
 
 ' Evan. "^ ITiis is erroneous : the passage ought to be, " in which tower was brought up^ till ske 
 
 maiiied, the lady Jane of Boulogne." 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 539 
 
 here after in this hystorie. Sir yuan opyned tlie wyndowc, and spake to them that 
 were the princypals of the towne, who cae on the bridge nere to the windowe, to here 
 what he wolde saye. Than he spake aloude and sayde : O ye good people of Orthays, 
 I knowe well the cause of your assebly ; it is nat vvout a great occasion; howbeit, I re- 
 quyre you as derely as ye loued my lorde and father, that ye be nat displeased with 
 me, thoughe I haue aduaunsed niyselfe to entre into this castell first, or any other shude 
 entre, and to take possession therof, and of suche goodes as be within it, for I wyll do 
 nolhyno^ but good : ye knowe well, my lorde, my father loued me as well and entierly 
 as his owne sonne, and wolde fayne haue foude the wayes to haue made me his enhe- 
 rytour ; and nowe it hath pleased god to call hym to his mercy, without accomplyssh- 
 yno- of any thynge of myne aduauncement ; and nowe he hath lefte me amonge you, 
 where I haue been brought vp, and lefte nowe as a poore knyght, bastarde sonne to the 
 erle of Foize, without I haue your ayde and helpe; wherfore, sirs, I requyre you in 
 <voddes behalfe to haue pytie on me, wherin ye shall do great almesse ; and 1 shall open 
 the castell and sufTre you to entre; I wyll nat kepe it agaynst you. Than they aun- 
 swered and sayde : Sir y-uan, ye haue spoken so nobly, that it ought to suffyce; and, sir, 
 we saye that we wyll abide with you, and our entent is to kepe this castell and goodes 
 with you ; and if the Vicount of Chastellon,* your cosyn, who is next enherytoure to 
 this countrey of Byerne, as nexte parente to your father, come hyder to challenge his 
 herytage and mouables, or he haue it he shall knowe well howe we shall defende you 
 and your right, fro hym and fro your brother sir Gracyen ;'' but we suppose, that whaiie 
 the Frenche kynge was laste at Tholous, and my lorde youre Father with hym, that 
 some order was takenne, as touchyng your fathers enherytaunce ; and this can sir Roger 
 of Spaygne your cosyn tell ; no man better than he: we shall write to him, and shewe 
 hym of the dethe of the erle your father, and desyre hym to come hyder to helpe and 
 counsayle vs in all thynges concernynge the landes of Bierne and of Foiz, and also for 
 the mouables, and for thentierment of my lorde youre father; and this we promyse 
 you faythfully to vpholde. With this aunswere sir yuan was well contente, and thanne 
 opyned the gate of the castell of Orthayes, and suche entred as wolde : and the same 
 daye the Erles body was brought thyder. At the metyng of the corse men and women 
 wepte pituously, in the remembraunce of his noblenesse and puyssaunt estate, his 
 wytte and prudence, his prowesse and largesse, and the great prosperyte that he lyued 
 in ; for there was nouther Frenche nor Englysshe that durste dysplease hym. Moost 
 parte of the people sayd : Nowe our neyghbours wyll make vs war; where as we were 
 wonte to lyue in peace and fredome, nowe shall we be in bondage, in misery, and sub- 
 ieccyon ; nowe there is none to ayde vs. 
 
 Ah, Gascone, Gascone,' fayre sone, why dyde ye euer so dysplease your father, y it 
 coste you your lyfe "i If ye had ben lefte with vs, it shulde nowe haue ben to vs a great 
 coforte, but we lost you to yong, and your father hath taryed to short a season with vs ; 
 he was but threscore and thre yeres of age ; he myght tiaue lyued, for any age, many a 
 yere lengar : it was no great age for suche a prince, hauynge euery thyng at his ease 
 and wysshe. Ah, thou lande of Bierne, destytute and without conforte of any noble 
 herytour, what shall become of thee? Thou shake neuer haue agayne suche another 
 as was this gentyll erle of Foiz. With suche lamentacions and wepynges the body of 
 this noble Erie was borne throughe the towne of Orthayes by eight noble knyghtes. 
 The first, the Vycounte of Brunyquell, and agaynst hym the lorde of Compayne ; the 
 thirde, sir Roger of Spaygne, and agaynst hym sir Raymonde of Laysne ; the fyfthe, 
 
 SZ's sir 
 
 •" ChateHbon. ^ " We shall defend your right for you and your brother Sir Gracien." 
 
 ''■ Gaston. 
 
540 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 sir Raymonde de la Mote, agaynst hym the lorde of Besache ; the seuenthe. sir MenauU 
 ofNoualles, and an;aynst hym Rycharde of saynl George; and behynde was sir yuan 
 his bastarde sonne,''the lorde of Corase, the lorde of Barantyne, the lorde of Baruge, 
 the lorde of Qiiere, and mo than threscore other knyghtes of Byerne, who were soone 
 come to the hospytall of Ryone whan they knewe of the Eries dethe. Thus he was 
 carved w open vysage to the freers in Orthayes, and there he was enbaumed and layde 
 in leed, and so lefirynder good kepynge vnto the day of entierment; and nyght and 
 daye w'ithoute cease there was brinnynge aboute his body four and twentie torches, 
 borne by eight and fourtie yomen : foure and twentie in the nyght, and foure and twen- 
 tie in the daye. 
 
 The dethe of this noble erle of Foiz was anone knowen in dyuers countreis, and mo 
 were rather sorie of his dethe than gladde, for he had in his dayes giuen suche gyftes so 
 liberally that it coulde nat be eschewed; wherfore he was beloued of euery rnan that 
 knewe hym. Pope Clement, whan he knewe of his dethe, was right soroufull for hym, 
 bicause" he had taken great payne in fortherynge of the maryage of his cosyn Jane of 
 Boloygne, who was duchesse of Berrey. The same season there was at Auignon the 
 bysshop of Palmes, who durst nat com at his benifyce for a displeasure that the erle of 
 Foize had to hym, and yet he was of his lynage: the cause was, the bysshoppe wolde 
 haue exalted his iurisdiction and abated therles ; for all that therle made hym bysshop. 
 Than the pope sente for the bysshoppe to come to his palais : and wlian he was coe the 
 pope sayde : Sir bysshoppe of Palmes, your peace is made ; the erle of Foiz is deed. 
 Of those tidynges the bysshoppe was glad, and within a shorle season after, he departed 
 fro Auignon, and wente to his bysshoprike into the countrey of Foize. Tidynges of 
 the dethe of this erle was anone come into France to the kynge and to his counsayle : the 
 Frenche kyng and his brother and the duke of Burbone were sorie of his dethe, bycause 
 of his noblenesse. Than the counsayle saide to the kyng: Sir, the coutie of Foiz is 
 yours by right successyon, seyng the erle of Foiz is deed without heyre of his body 
 iaufuUy begotten ; no man can'ne debate with you therin ; also they of the countie 
 thynke the same : and, sir, there is one thyng that helpeth gretlye your tytell ; ye haue 
 lende thereon fytie diousande fraukes: Sir, sende and lake possessyon of your guage, 
 and kepe it as youre owne enlierytauce, for they of the same coutrey desyre to be vnder 
 youre hande: it is a fayre countre, and shall come to you to good purpose, for it 
 marcheth nere to the rea'lme of Arragone, and also to Chattelone r*" and paraduenture 
 hereafter ye may happe to haue warre with the kyng of Arragon, than the countie of 
 Foiz shal be a good fronter, for therin be many fayre and stronge castelles to kepe in 
 men of warre and to make good garysons. The kyng herde well those wordes, and 
 anone enclyned to their counsayle, and sayde: Sirs, lette se, whome shall we sende 
 on this message. Thane it was determyned to sende y. lorde de la Ryuer, bycause he 
 was knowen m that countrey, and with hym the bysshoppe of Noyoii : these two lordes 
 prepared themselfe to go on this legacyon ; and whane they departed they rode at ley- 
 sar by small ionrneys, and toke their waye by Auignon. 
 
 In this me.ane season worde was sente to the Vicount of Chastellon,' beyng in the 
 realme of Arragon, of the dethe of his cosyn the erle of Foiz. Than he rode tyll he 
 cae into Bierne streyght to Orthays: they of the towne made hym good chere ; howe- 
 beit, they toke him nat as liian for their lorde, and saide: howe all the countrey was nat 
 assembled, and that first ihcv must assemble toguyder the prelates, loidcs, and men of 
 
 the 
 
 ' " Notwithstanding he had taken pains to ob.siriwi the marriage of his cousin Jane," &c. '' Catalonia. 
 
 ' Chatel-bon. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 541 
 
 the crood tovvnes, and to counsayle toguyder what ihey shulde do, sayeng: that is a 
 goocfcoutiey that holdeth of hymselfe, and the lordes that dwellelh theiin, and hath 
 herytages to be free. Thane it was aduysed for the best ; first, to make the entierment 
 of the erie Gascone of Foiz at Orthays, and to sende for all tlie nobles of Bierne and of 
 Foize, suche as wolde come, and than to take counsayle who they shulde accepte for 
 their lorde. Than all barones and prelates and heedes of good townes of Bierne and of 
 Foiz were sent for: they of Bierne cae thyder, but they of Foiz refused to come there, 
 andsayde: they wolde kepe their countrey, for they herde saye the Frenche kyng 
 wolde sende thyder to chalege they countre of Foiz; howebeit, the bysshop of Palmes 
 was desyred to come to Orthais, bycause of lynage, and so he came thyder in good 
 array, as to hyni apparteyned. 
 
 The day of the obsequy of the gentyll erle, Gaston of foiz, last erle of that name, 
 done in the freres in the towne of Orthays, the yere of our lorde god a thousande thre 
 hundred fourscore and a xi. on a monday, there was moche people of the countrey of 
 Bierne and of other places, bothe lordes, knightes, and other prelates: there were four^ 
 bisshoppes ; the bysshop of Palmes, who sayd the masse, and the bysshoppes ol Ayre, 
 of Auron, and of Tenues in Bierne:'' there was a goodly herse and well ordred ; and 
 duryng the masse tyme there was holden before the aulter by four knightes, fourebaners, 
 with the armes of Foiz and of Bierne: the first helde sir Raynion of Newcastell :" the 
 seconde, sir Espaygne du Lyon; the thirde, sir Peter deguier ;'' the fourthe, sir Me- 
 naulte of Noualles : sir Roger of Spaygne ofTred the sworde, bytwene the Bourge of 
 Campaigned and Pier of Arnaulte of Bierne, capituyne of Lourde : the shelde bare the 
 Vicount of Bruniquell bytwene sir Johan of Newcastell'^ and Johii of Chanteron: the 
 helme offred the lorde of Valetyne of Bierne, bytwene Arnalton of Rostem and Ar- 
 nalton of saynt Colombe: the horse Avas offred by the lorde of Corase. bytwene Arnal- 
 ton of Spayne and Raymonet of Campaygne.^ This entierment was honorably done, 
 accordyng to the vsage of y countre ; and there were the two bastarde sones of tlie erle 
 of Foiz, sir yuan and sir Gracien, and the Vicount ol' Chastellon,' and all the barons of 
 Bierne and some of Foiz; but assone as the seruyce was done, they of Foiz departed 
 and rode the same daye to dyner to Herytell, two myles fro Orthais ; and y next day 
 betymes the bysshoppe of Palmes departed ; he wolde nat be at the generall parlyament 
 whiche was the same daye amonge them of Bierne. Thus the erle was buryed in y freers 
 before the hyghe aulter: so there is no more mencion made of hym ; god haue mercy 
 vpon his soule. 
 
 Nowe let vs speke of the order that was taken at Orthais. 
 
 As it was enformed me, it was said to the Vycount of Chatellon,* Sir, we knowe well 
 that as next of blode ye ought to succede in the herytage, as well of Bierne as of Foiz; 
 but as nowe we can nat receyue you as oure lorde, for therby we myght bring the lande 
 of Bierne into great trouble, warre, and daunger : for as we do vnderstande, the Frenche 
 kynge, who is our good neighbour, dothe sede hyder of his cousayle, we knowe nat for 
 what entent, tyll we here them speke. We knowe well, and so do you, that our lorde 
 the erle, whome god paidone, was this last yere at Tholous with the frenche kyng, and 
 had secrete comunycacion toguyder, the whiche firste hath nede to be declared ; for if 
 he haue gyuen and released to the Freche kyng, Foiz and Bierne, the kyng than with 
 puissauce wyll haue and optayne it; wherfore, or we do any thing, we Avyll know the 
 artycles, for we of Byern be in other case and of other codycion than they of Foiz ; we 
 
 be 
 
 * " Three." '' " Of Ayre and of Oleron who held of Bearne." ' Chat^lneuf. ' De Quer. 
 
 •^ Copane. ' Ch3,tel-boii. 
 
542 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 be all fre without homage or seruytude, and the countie of Foiz is holden of the Frenche 
 kyn2;e ; and also the people of Foiz, their hertes be so Frenche, that lightly they wyll 
 receyne the frenche kyng to their lorde and soueraygne, for they haue sayde, sithe the 
 erle was deed, he hath none herytour of his body laufully gotten ; wherfore the countie 
 of Foize they saye shulde parteyne to the ordynauce of the Frenche kyng ; but, sir, we 
 shall kepe our holde, and we wyll serue no lorde but suche as we ought to do, wheder 
 it be the frech kyng or you ; but, sir, we wyll counsaile you to worke wysely in this bu- 
 synesse, by treatie or otherwyse. Than the Vycount said: sirs, by what meanes wyll 
 ye cousayle me to worke, for I haue promised to worke by your aduyse in euery thyng 
 accordyng to reason. Sir, quod they, we wyll aduyse you to desyre sir Roger of 
 Spaygne, your cosyn, to kepe you company, at your cost and charge, and go into the 
 countie of Foiz and treate with the prelates and noble men, and with theym of the good 
 towncs, that they wolde receyue you to their lorde, or elles to sytte styll and dissymule 
 the mater tyll ye haue apeased y french kyng, and taken with hym some coposicion, by 
 meanes of golde and siluer, that ye might haue the enheritaunce in rest and peace: if 
 ye do thus, than do ye wisely ; and if ye maye be herde with them that be sente fro the 
 Frenche kynge into the countie of Foize, thoughe it cost you a hundred thousande or 
 two hudred thousande frankes, ye shall fynde ynoughe to paye it with all, for the erle 
 that is deed hath lefte ynoughe behynde hym ; howebeit, sir, in any wyse we wyll that 
 his two bastarde sonnes haue parte largely of his goodes. Than the lorde answered 
 and sayde : Sirs, I am content as ye wyll ; and here is my cosyn, sir Roger of Spaygne, 
 and in all youre presences, I desyre hym to ryde with me in this iourney. Than sir 
 Roger answered and said: Sir, I am content to ryde with you to be as meane bytwene 
 bothe parties ; but if the Frenche kyng my souerayne lorde or his ambassadours desyre 
 me to be of their cousayle, or els comaude me nat to medell, than I must nedes leaue 
 you. The Vycount was content, and saide: Cosyn, I trust they wyll nat agaynst your 
 Avill take you fro me ; and if I may haue you nere me, I thynke to make a good ende of 
 all my busynesse. 
 
 Than (as I was enformed) the Vycount of Chastellon" made a request before the all 
 to borowe fyue or vi. thousande frankes to performe his iourney ; also the two bastardes 
 made their request that they might haue parte of their fathers richesse. Than the cou- 
 sayle toke aduise togider, and at last acorded that the Vicout shulde haue fyue thou- 
 sande frankes, and the two bastardes of Foiz eche of them two thousade frankes ; and 
 incotynent the tresourers were comaunded to delyuer the money. All offycers that 
 were in the Erles dayes were suffred to occupy styll without any chaungyng ; and than 
 kepers were sette to kepe the castell of Orthais and the richesse that was within it. The 
 Vicountat his first comynge to Orthais gaue pardon to all the prisoners within the cas- 
 tell, wherof there were a great nombre, for the erle of Foiz was a cruell man, and wolde 
 spare no man, but to punysshe at his pleasure, though he were neuer so great a per- 
 sonage: he had ones in prisone the said Vycount of Chastellon,^ in the botome of a 
 dongion, eight monethes, for all that he was his cosyn germayne ; and whaiie he dely- 
 uered him, he sette hym to rausome at xl. thousade frankes, whiche was truly payde ; 
 and also as longe as he lyued he loued hym neuer after, so that the Vicount durst neuer 
 come in his sight ; for if the erle had lyued two yeres lengar, the Vicount shulde neuer 
 haue had any parte of y heritage of Foiz or of Bierne. 
 
 Thus this counsayle at Orthays brake vp, and euery man departed and lefte the Vy- 
 count to prepare for his iourney, who made hym redy as soone as he might, and desyred 
 
 certayne 
 
 " Chatel-bon. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 543 
 
 certayne kniglites and squiers to go with hym: thus he departed fro Orthais with a two 
 hundred horse, and rode to Morlens, a good towne on the fionter, bytwene Byerne and 
 Bygore, a four myles fro Pau and a sixe myle fro Tarbe ; and the seconde day he rode 
 to saynt Gaudens, another good towne at the enlre of the coUitie of Foiz on the ryuer of 
 Garone; and there tidynges came to hym howe the bysshoppe of Noyon, and sir Bu- 
 ryaulx de la Ryuer, and other of y Frenche kynges counsayle, were coe to Tholous. 
 Than the Vycount tooke counsayle of sir Roger of Spayne what was best for liim to do. 
 Sir Roger answered and sayd : Sithe we liaue herde tidynges of them, let vs tary here 
 and se what they wyll do ; I thynke tliey wyll sende shortely to vs : and so there they 
 taryed, for indede they coulde go no further into the countie of Foiz, for all the good 
 townes, castelles, and passages were closed agaynst them ; as Calumuche," Casteres, 
 Moutesqueu, Carthas, Ortyngas, Fossat, the cytie of Palmes and the castcll,'' Mon- 
 taunt, and all the castels on the fronter of Aragon. They of the countie of Foiz sayd, 
 that no strauger with any puissaunce shulde entre into no castell nor towne of their 
 countrey tyll the mater were determyned ; and as they of the countrey shewed them- 
 selfe they were better mynded to be Frenche, and to be gouerned by a seneschall (as 
 the countre and cytie of Tholous was, andCarcasson and Beauuoyre)," rather than to be 
 vnder any other ruler ; howebeit, the mater went otherwyse, as ye shall here ; for whan 
 the Frenche kynges comyssaries were come to Tholous, they demaunded newes of the 
 archebysshoppe, and of the seneschall of Foiz and of Bierne, and of other, suche as had 
 ben at Orthays at the buryeng of the erle of Foiz: there they were enformed in what 
 case the countre stode in: than they toke aduyse togyder, and determyned to sende for 
 sir Roger of Spaygne, bycause he was the Frenche kynges man by faythe and homage, 
 and his oflTycer, as seneschall of Carcassone. They sent a credable persone with a letter 
 to hym : the messanger rode to saynt Gaudens, a xii. myle fro thens ; than he delyuered 
 to sir Roger of Spaygne his letter. Sir Roger toke and reed it, and sayd to y squyer: 
 Sir, ye shall tary here all this day, and to morowe ye shall departe ; I thynke ye shall 
 nat go without company. Than sir Roger and the Vycount counsayled toguyder : than 
 it was thought for the beste that sir Roger of Spayne shulde ryde to Tholous, and speke 
 there with the bysshop of Noyon and with the lorde de la Ryuer, to knowe wiiat they 
 wolde say. The next day sir Roger of Spayne and the messanger rode Ibrthe togyder, 
 and came y same nyght to Tholouse : syr Roger toke vp his lodgyng, and the messanger 
 went to his maysters : than the comyssioners said, to morowe we shall here tydynges, 
 seynge sir Roger is come. The next day after masse syr Roger drewe to the bysshop 
 and to the lorde de la Ryuer, and made good chere eche to other, bycause they were 
 all of aquayntaunce, and there communed the cause of their comynge. Than the 
 kinges comyssyoners shewed forth the kinges procuracions, and howe they were set and 
 stablysshed to take possessyon and season of the countie of Foiz. And whan syr Ro- 
 ger had well herde them at length, he replyed with swete wordes, and sayde : Lordes, 
 I am nat so nere of^ kinges cousayle as ye be; and if I were, sauynge your correction, 
 I wolde counsayle the kyng that he shulde take agayn his money and somwhat more ; 
 {trewe it is he hath lente money on the herytage of Foize, to be reysed after the dethe 
 of the erle), yet let the kynge leaue the ryght of the enherytaunce to the nexte enhery- 
 toureof the blode : this shall be for the kynges profyte, honour, and saluacyon ; and in 
 this that I saye, I shall laye dyuers reasons, if ye wyll here it: there is one thynge 
 whiche is clere : the erle of Foiz layde his iande to pledge by fraude, for as for golde 
 and syluer he had ynough : for that he dyd was for nothynge but to dysheryte the Vi- 
 count of Chastellon'^ wrogfuUy, bycause he hated hym without cause: also as touchyng 
 the kynges profyte, I ensure you the kepyng of the Iande of Foize shulde coste the 
 
 kynge 
 
 * Palaminicl). J; "Which was under the guard of the townsmen." ' Beaucaire, 
 
 ■' Chatel-bon. 
 
544 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 kynge more than the rentes or reuenues cometh vnto; and thyrdly, the kyng shall lese 
 therby the homage and seruyce of suche a man as is able to do him good seruyce : this 
 ought to be well regarded ; also it shulde be a great charge to the kynges consyence to 
 dysheryte any persone without a reasonable cause : for if the herytage of Foiz shuld 
 haue ben bought and solde, fyrste all suche as claymeth any ryght therin shulde haue 
 ben agreed wilhall and satyfyed, wliiche was nat so; wherfore, my lordes, these reasons 
 well consydred, seynge ye be great wyse men and counsaylours to the kynge, take good 
 hede what ye do, or ye pronounce any thynge that shulde tonrne to the kinges sclaun- 
 der or hurte to his conscyence ; if ye do otherwyse it were great synne, and as yet there 
 is tyme suffycyente to fynde remedy. My cosyn the Vicount of Chastellon' hathe 
 sente me hyther to you to shewe you this mater, and ryght effectuously desyreth you, 
 and so do I in liis name, to take regarde in this behalfe: it is nat good nor conuenyent, 
 a man to take euery thynge by force Jhat he maye take. Whan he had sayde, than the 
 bysshoppe and the lorde de la Ryuer loked on eche other ; at laste the bysshop sayde: 
 Syr Rodger, we se and knowe well that all that ye haue sayd is for good entente ; but 
 our comyssyon stretcheth nat so farre to quyte the bargayne that was bytwene the kyng 
 and therle of Foize ; howebeit, for the ioue of you, and to bringe the matter somwhat 
 to good purpose, and that all partyes myght be cotent, we shall put this mater in suff- 
 raunce, and ye shall take the payne to ryde with vs into Fraunce to the kynge and to his 
 counsayle, and than shewe there your reasons as ye shall thinke best; and if by your 
 meanes ye can cause the vycount of Chastellon^ to enioy the herytage of Foiz, who is 
 enherytoure therto, as ye saye, we shall be ryght gladde therof, for we wyll dysheryte 
 no person. Syrs, quod syr Roger, I am well contente with your sayenge ; if it please 
 you to abyde here a season, your costes shall be borne of the good that is in the castell 
 of Orthays. 
 
 The thyrde day sir Roger of Spayne tooke leaue of the kynges comyssyoners, and 
 sayde : Syrs, I thynke to bringe this mater to a good purpose, I must be fayne to make 
 a iourney into Fraunce ; if I tary longe, I pray you be nat myscontent, for it shall nat 
 be in my faulte, and I shall sende you daily messangers and letters. Thus they depart- 
 ed: they taryed at Tholous, and sir Roger rode to saynt Gaudens to the Vycount of 
 Chastellon,^ and shewed him all the mater. The Vycount was ioyfuU of those ty- 
 dynges, and sayd: Fayre cosyn syr Roger, all my trust is in you ; the mater toucheth 
 me nere ; it is for thenherytaunce wherof I beare the armes ; I can nat tell whome to 
 sende into Fraunce but all onely you, to shewe my tytle to the kynge and to his coii- 
 sayle ; wherfore, sir, for the Ioue of me, and for that I may deserue to you in tyme to 
 come, take on you the charge of this voyage. Syr Roger sayd : Syr, for the Ioue of you 
 and of your lynage I shall do it. Than sir Roger prepared for his iourney to ryde into 
 Frauce, and so toke the way to Rodes, and the shorter way, for as than truce was by- 
 twene Fraunce and Englande : or els the way that he toke had nat been sure for hym, 
 for on the fronters of Rouuergue, Qiiercy, and Lymosyn, there were many fortresses that 
 made warre for the Englysshemen. 
 
 Nowe I wyll leaue for a season spekynge of syr Roger of Spayne, and speke of the 
 frenche kynge and of the duke of Bretayne. 
 
 » Chatel-bon. 
 
 How 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 545 
 
 How (he treatie of peace was renewed al Towers, in Thourai/ti^ hylwene the Frenche kytige 
 and the duke of Bretayne: and of the mariage cf the daughter of Fraunce, to the 
 Sonne of Bretayne, and of Johan of Bretayne, erte of Pointhieur,^ and the daughter 
 of the duke of Bretaygne. 
 
 CAP. CLXXXI." 
 
 YE haue herde here before in dyuers places in this hystory, howe the duke of Bre- 
 tayne and syr Olyuer of Clysson, as than constable of Fraunce, hated mortally eche 
 other: and besyde the hatred that the duke had to syr Olyuer, lie had great euuy that he 
 was so «reat with the kinge, and so secrete of his counsayle, and gladly he wolde haue 
 troubled him, but he doughted y kynges displeasure; and oftentymes the duke repented 
 hym that he had nat slayne hym whan he had hym in prisone in the castell of Ermyn, 
 for he thought if he had slayne hym than, he shulde neuer haue had more trouble by 
 hym; the yuell wyll that he had to hym caused hym to be harde mynded to be obe- 
 dyente to the crowne of Fraunce ; howebeit, he knewe well he dyd yuell, therfore he 
 sufTred all thynge to passe at aduenture, and helde in his ioue the englysshemen, and 
 prouyded suffycyently his townes and fortresses with artyllery and vytayles, and sent 
 priuely into Englande for men of armes and archers, and dyd set them in his garysons, 
 and made to be beleued that he loked to haue warre, but his men knewe nat with whome; 
 howebeit, all that euer he dyd was knowen in Frauce, and many spake largely against 
 him. He knew well that certayne lordes of Fraunce were nat contente with hym, but he 
 dyd set lytell therby, but so passed on his tyme : he had great affyaunce in his cosyne 
 the duchesse of Burgoyne, as it was reason, for he had of her a specyall supporte and 
 ayde: for the lady bycause of lygnage loued hym, and bycause that the erle of Flaun- 
 ders her father, who was cosyn germayne to the duke, had alwayes loued and comforted 
 hym in all his trybulacyons ; this lady of Burgoyne was a good lady, so that the duke 
 her husbande wolde nat gladly displease her, and good cause why, for y duke by her 
 heide great herytages, and had by her fayre chyldren ; all the realme of Fraunce was 
 bounde to Ioue her ; and she had nat ben, great dyscensions had moued bytwene the 
 parties, for natwithstandynge that the duke of Bretayne had ben at Paris with the french 
 kyng, and made to hym homage, yet I can nat well say if it was with good herte or no : 
 for as sone as the duke was retourned into Bretaygne, there apered in hym but small 
 amendemente ; he had sworne obeysaunce and to be obedyent to the pope at Auignon, 
 but he was nat, for rather he dispysed hym in his wordes : nor also he wolde suffre no 
 man to be promoted in his countrey by that popes bulles, but helde hymselfe newter in 
 dyuers thynges, and wolde gyue the benefyces hymselfe ; no clerke coulde atteygne to 
 any promocyon of any benefyce in his countrey, without he had ben well pleased ther- 
 with: also any comaudementes that came out of the parlyamenl chambre of Parys, he 
 sette nothynge therby : the prelates and bysshoppes of Bretayne lost great parte of their 
 iurisdictions by this duke, so that great complayntes therof was made in the parlyament 
 of Parys, but they hadde small remedy ; and whan he was sent for to come to Parys, or 
 els to sende thyder some able personages to make a\uiswere to suche matters as shulde 
 be aledged agaynste hym, and whan any of the kynges offycers came into Bretaygne to 
 somon hymtoapere, thanne he wolde nat be spoken withall, but euer made sondry 
 scuces; and whan the kinges officers dyd departe againe thens, than he wolde say: I 
 
 Vol. II. 4 A wyll 
 
 » Penthievre. ^ Chapter CLXXVII. 
 
546 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 wyll go to Parys to se what ryght I shall haue there : it is nat yet thre yeres sence I was 
 there, to se what ryg,ht I shulde haue, but 1 coulde se nor here of no ryght there 
 mynystred ; the lordes of the parlyament tourne euery thyrige as they lyst ; they reken 
 me very yonge and ignorante to be ledde as they lyst, but I wolde they knewe that if all 
 my men of the duchy of Bretaygne were all of one accorde, and obedyent to my plea- 
 sure, as they ought to be, I wolde gyue the realme of Frauni. e so moche to do, that I 
 wolde bringe theym that be vnreasonable to reason : and suche as hath done trewly 
 shulde be rewarded acordyngly, and suche as haue deserued to haue iustyce shulde haue 
 as they haue deserued, and suche as wolde haue right, shulde haue it. Thus many com- 
 playntes were made oftentymes to the kynge, and suche as Avere of his secrete counsayle 
 said : This duke is ryght presumptuous and proude, sylhe he wyll be brought to no 
 reason, and if he shulde be thus sufiTred in his lewde opinyon, it shulde greatly enfeble 
 the noblenesse of this realme, for by hym other lordes shall take ensample to do yuell, 
 and therby the iurysdictyon of the realme lytell and lytell shall be loste. Thau it was 
 deuysed to withstande, and to fynde remedy for suche inconuenyentes, and to sende 
 swetely to hym to come to Towrs, in Thourayne, and there to mete with the french 
 kyng, and with the duke of Berrey, and the duke of Burgoyne, the bysshop of Charters, 
 the bysshoppe of Dothune ;^ these four were specyally named, bycause the duke loued 
 them best aboue all other lordes of Fraunce, excepte the erle of Estampes, and the lorde 
 Coucy. 
 
 Thus there was sente into Bretayne to the duke, the erle of Estampes, and mayster 
 Jue of Noyent:'' they toke great payne and traueyle to moue the duke to mete with the 
 frenche kyng at Towrs ; they spake so fayre with fresshe coloured wordes, armed with 
 reason, that the duke agreed to go to Towrs, but further he sayd in no wyse he wolde 
 go, and also that he shulde nat se his enemy syr Olyuer of Clysson in no wyse : all this 
 •was acorded and agreed, or he wolde come to Tours. These ambassadours retourned 
 into Fraunce, and shewed the kynge and his counsayle howe they had spedde. They 
 were contente therwith, sythe they coulde brynge hym to none other purpose. The 
 Icynge and his cousayle made them redy to go to Towrs, and to tary there a two or thre 
 monethes, for they thought their treatie with y duke of Bretayne shulde nat sone be 
 acomplisshed. Thus the frenche kinge, the duke of Thourayne his brother, the dukes 
 of Berrey and Burgoyne, and Johan of Burgoyne his sonne, the duke of Burbon, the 
 lorde Coucy, the erle of Marche, the Erie of saynte Poll, and other of the counsaile 
 ofFrauce, came to Towrs, iuTliourayn: also thyder came the constable of Frauce, and 
 Johan of Bretaygne his sonne in lawe, and their counsayles, for they hadde maters there 
 to do. And a fyftene dayes after, thyder came the duke of Bretayne; or he came it was 
 sayd he wolde nat come, for he had thre tymes sent to excuse hymselfe, sayenge, he 
 was sycke and coude nat ryde ; howbeit, finally he came, and was lodged at his ease. 
 There was syq- Roger of Spaygne to haue ben aunswered, but the kynge and the coun- 
 sayle had so moche to do with the duke of Bretayns maters, that they coulde entende to 
 nothyng els. This syr Roger was there more than two monethes or he coulde be aun- 
 swered, but daily he was answered y he shulde be herde, but it was longe fyrste. Also 
 the same tyme there fell another let, for thyder came fro kyng Rycharde of Englande, 
 syr Johan Clapam,' one of the kynges counsayle and of his chaumbre, and Rycharde 
 Choall,'' clerke and doctour of lawe, to speke with the Frenche kynge and his counsayle, 
 for the same matter that syr Thomas Percy, and the lorde Clyfforde, had ben at Parys 
 for with the kynge; whan the englysshemen were come to Towrs, all other treaties 
 were closed vp and entended to their delyueraunce. It was shewed me that they 
 
 brought 
 
 ' Autun. ^ J lies D'Oiient. " Clanbow. '' Johnes calls him Rowhall. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 547 
 
 brought letters of credence to the kynge, and to the dukes of Berrey and Burgoyne: 
 they were herde: their credence was, that the kynge of Englande and his Vncles wolde 
 knowe if the frenche kynge and ids counsayle were in wyll and mynde to kepe their 
 metyng at Amyence, to treate for a peace to be had bytvvene the two kynges, their 
 alyes and confederates. The frenche kynge, (wlio as he shewed,) desyred nothyngeso 
 moche as peace, and answered and said, that he was redy to accomplysshe all proniesses, 
 sayenge, that as soone as he had delyuered the duke of Bretayne, and were departed 
 fro Towrs, he wolde entende to nothynge els tyll he were come to Amyence, and there 
 to abyde for the englysshe ambassadours, and there to make them as good chere as he 
 coude : herewith the englysshe ambassadours were well cotent, and were a fyue dayes 
 at Towrs with the kynge, and than tooke their leaue of the kynge, and of the other 
 lordes. The kynge gaue them great gyftes, and their costes there payed for, and so de- 
 parted ; and all that season they sawe nat the duke of Bretayne, nor spake nat with hym, 
 lor the duke wolde nat, leste the frenchemen shulde haue any suspecte in hym. Thus 
 the englysshmen retourned to Calays, and so to Doner, and to London, and founde the 
 kynge and his counsayleat Westmynster, and there shewed what they had done, herde, 
 and sene. The answere that they brought pleased well the kynge and his counsayle, 
 and ordeyned for their iourney to go to Amyence. 
 
 Nowe let vs somwhatspeke of the messangers that were sente to the frenche kynge, 
 fro the Vycount of Chastellon,^ out of Foize and Bierne. 
 
 Sir Roger of Spayne, and sir Espaygne du Lyon, who were sent into Fraunce fro the 
 Vicounte of Chastellon," they toke on theym great payne and traueyle to pursewe their 
 cause, for certayne clerkes and knightes of the kinges counsayle, aduysed ihe kynge to 
 take the countie of Foiz, and to attrybute it to the crowne of Fraunce, sythe they of the 
 countrey Avolde agree therto. The kynge enclyned well therto, but the duke of Bur- 
 goyne, who was sage and ymagynatyue, wolde nat agree therto, but sayd aiwayes : Let 
 the kynge take agayn his money, and somwhat more ; howebeit, as it was shewed me 
 the duke of Burgoyne coulde nat be herde, but the duke of Berrey toke the busynesse 
 on him, by meanes as I shall shewe you. Ye haue herde here before what fell bytwene 
 hym and the olde Gaston erle of Foize, Avhan the duke sente into Bierne to the erle 
 suche notable persones, as was the erle of Sanxere, the vicount Dassey, the lorde de la 
 Ryuer, and syr Wyllyam of Tremoyle,'' to treate for the maryage of the lady Jahan of 
 Boloyne, whome the erle of Foize had in kepinge: and at that tyme the erle was well 
 content with the maryage that y duke of Berrey shulde haue her, so that he wolde pay 
 thyrty thousande frankes for the kepyng and bringynge vp of the lady; and the duke 
 payed the said some, and so had the lady to his wyfe. The duke of Berrey reraembred 
 the mater than, and sente for syr Roger of Spayne, and for syr Espayne du Lyon, to 
 come speke with hym in his chambre : and so secretly he sayde to them: Syrs, if ye 
 wyll come to a good conclusyon in your sute, ye shall attayne therto by my meanes ; 
 but fyrst 1 wyll haue agayne the thyrty thousande frankes whiche 1 payed to the olde 
 erle of Foiz whan I had my wyfe: I haue aiwayes ymagyned that if I myght ouer lyue 
 the erle of Foiz, to haue the money agayne; Whan these two knyghtes herde the duke 
 say so, they regarded eche other and spake neuer a worde. Than the duke sayd agayne : 
 Syrs, to say trouthe I haue taken your M'ordes fro you ; speke togyther and aduyse you 
 well ; without this treatie ye shall nat attayne to your purpose, for my brother of Bur- 
 goyne wyll do as I wyll haue hym : he hath the gouernaunce of the countrey of Picardy, 
 and I of Languedocke: agaynste my wyll no man wyll speke ; the Vycount of Chas- 
 tellon' shall fynde good ynough, for the erle that is deed had more rychesse than the 
 
 4 A 2 kynge 
 
 ' Chatel-bon. ' fie la Tremouille. 
 
548 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 kynge hath in his treasour. Than syr Roger of Spayne sayde : sir, though we wolde 
 agre to your demaunde, yet we haue nat here with vs the treasure to contente you with- 
 all. Ah, syr Roger, quod the duke, that shall nat let nor hyndre the mater: and ye 
 promyse the dette on your faythe and writynge, I wyll beleue you, and if it were in a 
 greater mater than that is. Syr, quod the knyght, I thanke you, we shall speke to- 
 gyder, and tomorowe gyue you an answere. It pleaseth me well, quod the duke. 
 They departed fro the duke and went to their lodgynge, and toke counsayle togyther 
 whether they shulde retourne agayne home without agrement, or els acorde to the dukes 
 demaunde : so that the heritage might clerely remayne and abyde with the Vycount of 
 Chastellon." The nexte daye they retourned to the duke and offered hym all his de- 
 maunde: and so there syr Roger of Spayne, and syr Espaygne du Lyon, became det- 
 tours to the duke of Berrey for xxx. thousande frankes, on the condicion that he 
 shulde be meane that the kynge shulde take agayne the some of money that he had lente 
 to the erie of Poize, and that the Vicount of Chastellon^ might peasably enioy the 
 herytage. Well, quod the duke, lette me alone, I shall do it, I truste. After that day 
 the duke of Berrey, (who desyred to haue these xxx. thousande frankes,) was so good 
 an aduocate for the vycount of Chastellon,' that he concluded liis busynesse at his owne 
 wyll. The kynge and his counsayle put all the mater to his pleasure, and so these two 
 knyghtes had letters sealed of the confyrmacyon of the countie of Foiz, to be the trewe 
 enherytauce of the Vicount of Chastellon," with letters therof adressed to y bysshop of 
 Noyon, and to the lorde de la Ryuer, beynge at Tholouse. The tenour of the letters 
 as I was enfourmed by suche credyble persones as went on the same legacyon, was as 
 foloweth : 
 
 Charles, by the grace of god kynge of Fraunce : we sende and comende vs to the 
 ryght reuerende bysshoppe of Noyon, and to our knight and chambrelayne the lorde 
 de la Ryuer, We wyll that ye suffre the vycount of Chastellon,^ enherytour of Foiz and 
 of Bierne, to enioy and possede his heritage of the countie of Foiz, with the purtenauces, 
 so that ye take into your possessyon the some of Ix. thousande frankes at one payment: 
 and the money payed, than our seneschall of Tholouse to make a sure quytaunce of the 
 receyte therof. Also at another paymente I wyll ye receyue twenty thousande frankes 
 for your costes and charges in goynge and retournyng, and that money payed, than 
 make quytaunce therof vnder the seale of offyce of Tholouse. Also we wyll that syr 
 yuan, and syr Gracyen of Foiz, bastarde sonnes to the erle Gaston of Foiz, haue parte 
 and reasonable assignement botlie in landes and goodes of that was their fathers, by the 
 aduyseand dyscrecyon of syr Roger of Spayne, and of the vicount of Brunyquell, syr 
 Raynolde of Newcastell,'' and the lorde of Corase, to whome we shall write that they 
 maye so aquyte them to dyscharge our conscyence, for we made suche promyse to the 
 erle their father. And if there be any fauie in these four lordes, or any rebellyon 
 in the Vycount, than Ave disanuU all this sayde treatie, and wyll that it stande 
 as voyde. In wytnesse herof to these letters Ave haue sette to our seale, in otjr 
 cytie of Towrs, the xxii.' yere of oure reygne, the twenty day of the moneth of 
 Decembre. 
 
 These letters made and sealed and delyuered, the knyghtes of Foiz retourned fro 
 Towrs, their leaue taken. This season syr Loys of Sanxere, marshall of Fraunce, lay 
 in the marches of Carcassone, as soueraygne gouernour there, instytuted by the kynge. 
 The bysshoppe of Noyon, and the lorde de la Ryuer, sent for hym to Tholouse, and 
 whan he was come thyder they sayde to hym : Syr marshall, the vycount of Chastellon,' 
 
 (reputeth 
 
 * Chatel-bon. " Chateau-neuf. ' xii. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 549 
 
 (reputeth hymselfe to be enherytour of the county of Foiz,) and we haue sent into 
 Frauce to the kynge to knovve what he and his counsayle wyll saye in tliat mater, 
 wherfoie be ye redy with menne of armes on the fronters of Foiz; and as soone as syr 
 Roger of Spayne, and syr Espayne, be returned, or that we haue other message fro the 
 kynge, that they agree nat on any peace, and that the king wyll iiaue the lande of Foiz, 
 than enlre you incontynent and take possessyon acordynge to y right and puyssaunce 
 that the kynge hathe gyuen vs in that quarell. Thus the marshall was redy prouyded, 
 and eueryday loked for aunswere fro the kynge. 
 
 Nowe we wyll leaue speakyng of this mater, and shewe somwhat of the duke of 
 Bretayne. 
 
 Ye haue herde here before what treatie was at Towrs, in Thourayn, bytwene the 
 frenche kyngand the duke of Bretaygne, the whiche duke dyde put the kynu,e and his 
 counsayle to moche payne, for he wolde fall to no reason. It was sayde tlie kynge de- 
 maunded of hym and he refused : in lykewyse he demaunded, and the kynge refused. 
 Moche treatie there was, but no conclusion taken. The duke he was redy to serue the 
 kynge and to do hym homage, as farre forthe as he was bounde to do. Thanne the 
 kynges counsayle sayd to hym : Sythe ye knowledge yourselfe to be the kinges liegman, 
 why wyll ye nat than obey to reason ? Why syrs, quod he, wherin am I rebell ? 
 Than they layde to him dyuers poyntes: Fyrste, in the beleuynge on the pope at 
 Auygnon, whome they sayde the kynge toke for the trewe pope : ye dyffer therfro and 
 dyssymule the mater, for ye wyll obey none of his comaundementes, but gyue all the 
 benefyces yourselfe in Bretaygne, and suche as brynge any bulles fro the pope, ye wyll 
 natknowe theym; this is agaynste the magesty royall, and great synne to your coscyence 
 and soule. Than the duke aunswered and sayde : as for my conscyence there is no man 
 ought to speke therof nor iudge it but all onely god, who is soueraygne iudge in all 
 suche causes, and sythe ye argueand oppose me in that mater, I shall aunswere you: 
 As for these popes who are indyfFerent, there is no sure declarasion made of them, and 
 the season that the first tydynges came of the chosynge of pope Vrbayne, I was in the 
 towne of Gaunt, with my cosyn the erle of Flaunders: and there he receyued letters 
 sealed with the popes seale, as than called Robert of Qiiesne cardynall, and in his letter 
 he certifyed to the erle my cosyn, that by the grace of god and by the deuyne inspyra- 
 tyon he was chosen pope, and hadde to name Vrbayne ; howe than canne this be vn- 
 done agayne ? me thynke it were harde to do. I wyll nat argue agaynst the kinges ma- 
 ieste, for I am his cosyn and lyege man, and shall well and trewly serue hym whan- 
 soeuer I be requyred, as farre forthe as I am bounde to do, but 1 wyll speke agaynst 
 them that counsayle nat the kynge w ell. Why syr, quod they : shewe vs who they be 
 that do nat counsayle the kynge as they ought to do, and we shall fynde remedy for 
 them. Syrs, quod he, ye knovve them better than I do, for ye company with them 
 oftener than I do : but as touchynge the benefyces of my countrey, I am nat so haute nor 
 so cruell agaynst suche as desyre them, but that I suffre the clerkes of my countrey to 
 enioy them by the bulles of pope Clement; but suche clerkes as be nat of the same coun- 
 trey I refuse them, and the cause why I shall shewe you: They wolde beare away the 
 rychesse of my countrey out therof, and deserue it nat, whiche is agaynst ryght and 
 consyence, wherfore I can nat agree therto ; and whereas ye saye that 1 am rebell and 
 hawte agaynst the kynges offycers, whatme they come into my coutrey, that is nat so, 
 nor wyll nat be ; ye ought to knowe, and if ye do nat lerne it, the fee of the duchy of 
 Bretayne is of so noble a condycion, that soueraygnely there ought none to enterprise 
 any mater there, but al onely their owne naturall lorde, that is to say, the duke of Bre- 
 tayne holdeth his court open to here all ryghtes, and his offycers to execute all ryghtes 
 in the lande of Bretaygne, and to do acordynge to their ofiyce ; and if I haue any offycer 
 
 that 
 
550 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 that do the contrary to lyght, that outher strannger or other haue cause to complayne, 
 I punysshe them and shall do, that other shall take ensample by them: moreouer I say 
 that some of the kynges counsayle do so that they ontrlit to be reproued, for they do as 
 moche as they maye do, to norysshe warre and hatred bytwene the kyng and me, the 
 cause why is clere ynough ; they sufTre my cosyn Johii of Bloys to do two thynges 
 agaynst me vnreasonable : the fyrste is, he writeth hymselfe Johan of Bretayne : bv rea- 
 son of that name it semeth he entendeth to attaygne to the herytage of Bretaygne, of the 
 whiche he is without and shall be, for I haue chyldren, sonne and doughter that shall 
 succede after me : Secondely, he beareth the ermyns whiche are the armes of Bretaygne, 
 but of trouthe to do me dyspleasure withall ; sir Olyuer Clysson mayntayneth him in 
 that opinyon, and as longe as he is in that case I wyll agre to no treatie with the kynge : 
 as for warre I wyll make none to the kyng, bycause he is my naturall lorde, but if by 
 yuell informacyon y kyng make me warre, I shall defende me, and he shall fynde me 
 in myne owne countre. All this I wyll that the kyng knowe. 
 
 Thus the treatie bytwene the kynge, and the duke of Bretayne, contynued rygorously, 
 for the duke was lorde and mayster of his counsayle, but the frenche kynge was nat so 
 of his, but was ruled by syr Olyuer Clisson, and the Begue of Vyllains, syr Johan 
 Mercyer, and by syr Willyam of Montague ; the duke of Burgoyne, who had clere vn- 
 derstandyng of euery thynge, suffred the duke of Bretaygnes reasons and defences to be 
 layde in place, and couertly he susteyned them, and had the duke of Berrey of his 
 opynyon : for he hated inwardly them of the kynges priuy chambre, bycause they had 
 dystroyed his treasourer Betysache shamfuUy, by iustyce at Besyers, (as ye haue herde 
 here before,) but he sufTred it, for he sawe no tyme to be reuenged. In this dyfference 
 the duke of Bretaygne taryed at Towrs thre monethes, that their treatie coulde come to 
 no good conclusyon, and were at the poynte to haue departed, and the kynge was in 
 "wyll that as soone as he was retourned into Fraunce, to make a great assemble, to make 
 warre the next somer after into Bretayne agaynst the duke, and suche of his acorde, and 
 to leaue all other busines : but the dukes of Berrey, and of Burgoyne, the lorde Coucy, 
 therle of saint Poll, sir Guy of Tremoile," the chanceller of Fraiice, and dyuers other 
 prelates and high barons of Frauce, suche as were there, ymagined to withstade this 
 rigorous rebellios, and spake togider, and said to the kyng: sir, we that be the soue- 
 rayn lordes and piers of your realme, and be nere of your lygnage, we shulde haue a 
 treatie this next lent for a peace to be had at Amicce with thenglysshmen ; wherfore sir, 
 ye had nede to make haste, and leaue this yuell wyll bytwene you and the duke of Bre- 
 tayne, for if the duke departe hens without any agrement made bytwene you, then- 
 glysshmen wyll be y harder in all their treaties, for they wyll thynke the to be ayded 
 and coforted by the duke of Bretayne, and by his countrey, for the duke hath then- 
 glisshmen at his hande whan he wyll ; and if we haue warre at ones, bothe with the 
 Englysshmen and Bretons, as we haue had or this, they wyll put vs to great payne. 
 These lordes dyde so moche with the kyng and his cousayle, that at last they Ibunde 
 a meane bytwene the kyng and the duke: I shall shewe you what it was: and surely 
 without the same meanes had ben founde, they shulde haue come to no conclusion of 
 good acorde: So it was, y frenche kyng had a doughter, and the duke of Bretaine had 
 a sonne, there was a maryage made bytwene this soiie and this doughter; in lykevvise 
 John of Bretayne had a soiie by the doughter of sir Olyuer of Clysson, and the duke of 
 Bretayne hada doughter, and it was thought to make sure peace, y the mariage by- 
 twene the two were necessary; these maryages were agreed and concluded ; howbeit, 
 for all thesealya unces, yet Johri of Bretayne shulde leaue the armes of Bretayne, and 
 
 beare 
 
 " De la Tremouille. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 551 
 
 beare them of Chastellon: and bycause he was extiacte by his mother syde of a duke of 
 Bretayne, (for his mother was doughter to a duke of Bretuygne,) therfore he was alowed 
 to bere in his armcs a border of ermyne, with thre hibels guules, on the heed of a scho- 
 chyn of ermyns. Thus he bare these deuises, and euery tliynge was apesed. So the 
 duke of Bretayne gate the loue of the kyng and of his vncles, and dyned with the kyng: 
 and so Johii of Bretayne was erle of Ponthieurs,^ and thus shewed great loue togyder 
 by meanes of these mariages ; howebeit, the duke in no wyse wolde se nor speke with 
 sir Oiyuer of Clysson, he had suche displeasure to hym ; howebeit, sir Olyuer made 
 lyght therof, for he hated the duke also with all his puissauce. These mariages thus 
 acorded, and the lordes sworne and bounde to fulfyll the, whan the chyldren shulde be 
 sowhat of more age. Than these lordes determyned to departe fro Tourse, and to 
 drawe to Parys, for the tyme aproched that they shulde be at Amyence personally ; 
 the frenche kyng, his brother, his vncles, and his cousayle, to mete there with the 
 kyng of Englande, his vncles and counsayle, who shulde be there. So the duke of 
 Bretayne toke leaue of the Frenche kyng, and of his brother and vncles, and of 
 suche other as he loued best, and so departed fro Tourse, and went into his owne 
 coutre ; and in lykewise so dyd all other lordes. The duke of Berrey, the duke of 
 Burgoyne, and the lorde Coucy taryed there styll, I shall shewe you why. 
 
 Howe therle of Bloys, and Mary of JVamiire his wyfe, solde the countie of Bloys 
 and all their landes to the duke of Thourayne, the frenche kynges brother, 
 
 CAP. CLXXXII." 
 
 YE haue herde here before in this hystorie, howe Loys of Bloys, soiie to therle 
 Guy of Bloys died whan he was yonge, in y towne of Beaumont, in Heynalt, wherby 
 the lady Mary doughter to the duke of Berrey, was a widowe, and therby she lost her 
 welthe of this worlde, for the chylde was a gret enheritour, and if he had lyued he had 
 ben a gret lorde. I speke of it bycause it shulde be knowen in tyme to come, thenheri- 
 tauce to whome it went out of the right lyne, and by what maner. Therle of Blois, and 
 Mary of Namure his wyfe, were nat in y^ case to engedre children togider, for by great 
 drikyng and moche eatynge of swete and delycate meates, they were ouergrowen with 
 fatnesse, so that the erle coude nat ryde, but was alwayes caried in a lytter fro one place 
 to another, or whan he wolde go a huntyng or haukyng, whiche sporte was gretly vsed 
 w the lordes of Frauce. The same season, whyle the Frenche kynge was at Tourse, the 
 duke ofThourayne had an ymaginacion whiche he brought to effect, as I shall shewe 
 you. The duke ofThourayne knewe well he had moche rychesse lying by hym, par- 
 aduenture a myllion of Floreyns, whiche he had by reason of his mariage with the lady 
 ValentynaofMyllayne, doughter to the erle of Vertus ; he wyst nat howe to enploy 
 these florens : than he remebred howe the erle Guy of Bloys had great herytages, and 
 that after his dethe they were likely to go to dyuers persones. The erldome of Bloys 
 shulde retourne to Johan of Bretayne, "for he was the erles cosyn germayne, and the 
 landes of Heynault shulde go to the duke of Julyers, and to the duke of Lancastre, except 
 Chimay, whiche shulde go to them of Conflans by homage, and the coutie of Soissons, 
 whiche parteyned to therle of Bloys, and was auciently alyed to hym ; the lorde of 
 
 Coucy 
 
 ; Penthievre. ^ Chapter CLXXVIIL 
 
552 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 Coucy was enlierytour therof, by reason of his delyuerauce out of prisone in Englad. 
 Also the landes of Drapres, and Monny,' shulde retourne to other heyres ; and the 
 landes of Holande, and Zelande, shulde retourne to the erls of Ileynaulte. Thus 
 these fayre herytages shulde be sparcled abrode ; and this knewe well the lordes of 
 Frauce, wherlore the duke of Thourayn, who had money lyeng by hym, thought to 
 bye these lades, if he might haue any resonable bargayne ; iha he thought to entreate the 
 kyng to moue therle of Blois in this mater, and specially at the lest to bye the countie 
 of Bloys, whiche was a fayre and a noble countrey, and well fytlinge for hym: for the 
 countie of Bloyes marched on the duchy of Thouraygne, and to the Countie of Bloys 
 parteyned many goodly fees. This duke of Thourayne rested styll on his purpose, and 
 seased nattyli he spake with f kynge his brother, and y duke of Bui bone, and with the 
 lorde of Coucy, bycause he was great with y erle of Blois, and had to wyfe the 
 doughter of his cosyn germayne the duke of Loreyne. The duke of Thourayne, and 
 the other lordes of his affynite, kept this mater secretely fro y duke of Berrey ; I shall 
 shewe you why. The lady Mary his doughter was endowed in all the countie of Bloys 
 to the some of vi.M. frankes by yere, and the duke of Berrey trusted by reason of his 
 doughters dowrie, y the countie of Bloys shulde be his after the erles dethe ; this duke 
 of Berrey was a marueylous couytous prince. The duke of Burgoyne in lykewise 
 trusted the landes of Hollande, Zelande, and Heynalte, to be his, bycause that Mar- 
 garete his eldest doughter was maried to Wylliam, sone to therle of Heynalte : w herby 
 he thought outher by bieng, or by soe other incident, y those landes shulde returne to 
 his sone erle of Ostreuant, olherwyse called John of Burgoyne, who as than had maried 
 Margarete, eldest doughter to therle of Heynalte. Thus the kyng and these said lordes 
 purposed y at their departyng fro Tourse, in Thourayn, to ryde by Blois to se their 
 cosyn therle Guy of Bloys, who was an eight myle fro Tourse, in a castell of his owne 
 called y Castell morant, and there to treate of this marchadise with hym and -with his 
 wyfe, the lady Mary of Namure, who was a couytous lady. So it was, there was a 
 valiant knight and of great prudence, bayly of Blois, called sir Raynolde of Sens, who 
 had parfyte informacion of all this busynes, by what meanes I knowe nat ; whan he knewe 
 it he had gret pyte therof, for loue of therle his lorde, for he thought by reason of his 
 sale of his lades, he shuld be dishonored for euer, and disherite the true rightfuU heyres, 
 whiche shulde be damnacion to his soule ; he thought to lette this mater if he coude, 
 and so rode fro Blois, and spake with therle, and said: sir, the frenche kynge, and the 
 duke of Thourayn, the duke of Buibon, and the lorde Coucy, cometh hyder to you: y 
 is true, quod therle, why speke you that ? Sir, quod he, I say it bycause ye shal be 
 requyred to sell your enherilace, wherfore ye haue nede to take good aduise therin. Of 
 those wordes therle had great marueyle, and said : I can nat let men to speke and make 
 requestes, but or I make any suche bargayne to sell myne enherytauce, or to disheryte 
 myne heyres to my shame and rebuke, I shall rather sell or ley to pledge all y plate I 
 haue. Well sir, quod the knight, remebre well the mater whan tyme is, for this that 
 I haue shewed you is without dout. Bayly, quod the erle, I am nat so yong nor fo- 
 lysshe to enclyne to any suche treaties. Thus the bayly departed fro therle and rode 
 againe to Blois, for he wolde nat be sene there at the kynges comynge. Whan the 
 kyng and these said lordes cae to the castell, the erle made them good chere, as it was 
 reason. The erle and the countesse were right ioyfull that y kyng wolde visyte them in 
 their owne castell. Than the kynge to drawe the erle to his loue, and to bring him to 
 his entent, sayd : Fayre cosyn, I se well ye be a lorde of our realme garnysshed with 
 honour and larges, and haue ben at great cost: and to ayde you, and somwhat to re- 
 copence you, we wyll you gyue and ayde, that shall be well worthe to you twentie 
 
 thousande 
 
 • Argies and Nouvion, 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 553 
 
 thousande frakes in the countie of Blois. Therle thanked the kyng of his gyfte, but he 
 had neuer profile therof, for he had neuer nothyng. Than the kynge began to treate 
 the Erie to sell the countie of Bloyes to the duke of Thourayn. The kynge and the 
 duke of Burbone spake fyrst, and founde therle very colde and farre of in that mater. 
 Than the lordes drewe to the countesse of Bloyes, and shewed her so many colored 
 reasons, and she hers, that after her husbandes dethe, she was lyke to be but a poore 
 lady ; wherfore they said it were moche better for her to be a ryche lady, and a pu- 
 issaunt of golde and syluer, and iewelles, than to be poore; sayeng, howe she was 
 lykely to ouerlyue her husbade, therfore they desyred her to counsayle her husbande 
 to make this marchaundyse. The countesse, who was a couytous lady, and for loue to 
 haue the floreyns, she enclyned to their desyres ; and she dyd so moche with the helpe 
 of other, as the ayde of a varlet of the Erles chambre, called Sohier, borne at Malyg- 
 nes," Sonne to a weyuer of clothes, but he was so great w the erle of Bloyes, that all 
 thynge was done by hym, and without hym nothyng done ; and the erle had gyuen hym 
 in fees and herytages more than fyue hundred frankes by yere. Beholde and consydre 
 what myschefe great lordes be brought vnlo by meane of seruautes. This Sohier had 
 nother wytte nor reason, to be greatly alowed, but it was al onely the folysshe loue that 
 his maister hadde to hym. In lykeAvise the duke of Berrey the same season had one 
 with hym, called Jaques Thybaulte, who was of no reputacion, yet the duke at dyuers 
 tymes had gyuen hym the some of two hundred thousande frankes, and yet all was but 
 loste. This Sohier coulde nor can nat excuse hymselfe, but that if he had lysted he 
 myght well haue broken that marchadise y therle his mayster made ; but to please the 
 kynge, the duke of Thourayne, the duke of Burbone, the lorde of Coucy, and the 
 coutesse, who was agreed therto by couitousnes of the florens, he rowned so in his 
 maisters eare, that the Erie wente from his promyse that he had made to his bayly ; and 
 so there the reuercion of the countie of Bloyes after his discease was solde for the 
 somme of two hundred thousande frankes, and the duke of Thouraygne to delyuer to 
 the lady of Dunoyes for her dowrie, whiche was assygned to her, sixe thousande 
 frankes: and furthermore he shulde haue made another sale of all his landes in Hey- 
 naulte, and the duke of Thourayne to haue payde for that two hundred thousande 
 frankes ; howebeit, therin the erle of Bloys reserued to knowe the erle of Heynaltes 
 pleasure therin, who was his naturall lorde, to whom he owed faythe and homage for 
 those landes ; howebeit, y kyng and the duke of Thourayn toke that charge on them, 
 and to discharge the erle whatsoeuer shulde fall after. Thus or they departed, thay 
 bounde the erle by promyse and by writynges sealed, as they might well and easely do, 
 for he had there none of his cousayle, saue Sohier, who neuer was at scole, nor knewe 
 no letter on the boke. Moche after this maner went this marchandise ; and I haue 
 written this mater as iustely as I coude, to thentent that herafter in tyme to come, by 
 reason of writyng, the trouthe shulde be knowen ; for the erle Guye of Bloys, my lorde 
 and mayster, as he that was ignorant and yuell counsayled, more by his wyfe, and var- 
 let Sohier, tha by any other, made this yuell bargayne. And whan these maters were 
 concluded and surely made by the kyng, the duke of Thourayne, and their coun- 
 sayle, than the lordes toke their leaue and retourned into Frauce. Great brute was 
 made of these sales in dyuers countreis. 
 
 • Mechlin. 
 
 Vol. II. 4 B Howe 
 
554 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 Howe sir Roger of Spaygne, and sir Espaygne du Lyon, spedde with the frenche 
 kyng and his counsayle, for the Vicoimt of Chastelons' busynese : atid howe he was 
 sette tn possession of the countie of Foiz : and of the money that he payde. 
 
 CAP. CLXXXIII." 
 
 NO WE let vs sowhat speke of sir Roger of Spaygne, and of sir Espayo-ne du Lyon 
 and shewe how they spedde, after they were retourned fro Tourse, to go to Tholous' 
 to the bysshop of Noyon, and to the lorde de la Ryuer. So longe they iourneyed that 
 they came thyder ; they were welcome, for their comynge was sore desyred ; there they 
 shewed their letters, and howe they had spedde. By semblaunt the bysshoppe, and 
 the lorde de la Ryuer, were ioyouse of that theherytauce shulde abyde with the Vy- 
 count of Chastellon,^ on suche condycions, (as is before written). Than sir Ro^er and 
 his copanyon thought to take some more payne, as to ryde to y Vycount of Chas*eIlon,' 
 and to the counsayls of Foize, and of Bierne, to se that euery thyng be sette in good 
 order ; than they departed fro Tholous, and rode to saynt Gracyens. The Vicount 
 was nat there, but he was at the entre of Berne, in a fayre castell called Pau, and there 
 they founde hym, who was ioyfull of their comynge ; and whan he knewe that the 
 Frenche kyng had gyuen vp his tytell of the byeng of the coutie of Foiz, he was gladder 
 than he was before : as for the money y he shulde paye, he wyst well ynoughe where to 
 haue it, and raoche more. 
 
 Of the great assemble that ims made at Amyence, of the Frenche hynge and his coun- 
 sayle, and of the kynge of Englandes vncles, on the treatie "of peace. 
 
 CAP. CLXXXIIII.' 
 
 I THYNKE I haue sufficiently treated of tlie busynesse of Bierne, and of Foiz, for 
 if I shulde reherse all thynges, it wolde requyre long writyng : therfore I wyll leaue 
 spekyng therof, and treate of other maters. Thus all thynges cocluded, the vicount of 
 Chatellon" was erleof Foiz, and lorde of Berne, in lyke maner as the olde erle helde it, 
 and all suche as ought so to do made homage to hym: and he departed largely with sir 
 yuan, and sir Gracien, tholde erles bastarde sones, in suche wyse that they were content, 
 and payde to the Freche kyng all suche money as was promised to be payde. This 
 mater was n:<t sone done : somer Avas first well onwarde, and y bisshop of Noyon, and j 
 lorde de la Ryuer taryed styll at Thoulous tyll euery thyng was set in good order, ac- 
 cordyng as they were charged. Nowe let vs speke of thassemble of the lordes of Frauce 
 and of Englande, in the good cyte of Amyence, on the treatie of a peace or of a truce, 
 as than beyng the yere of our lorde M. CCC.lxxx. and xi. in the myddes of lent: great 
 prouision was made ther for these lordes or they cae thider : First, for the frenche kyng 
 and for his estate, and for his thre vncles, and also for other great lordes of Frauce, 
 euery man after his degre, for it was said that kyng Richard of Englade shulde be there: 
 
 wherfore 
 
 • Chatel-bon. ^ Chapter CLXXIX. ! Chapter CLXXX. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 555 
 
 ■wherfore many desyred to se him, such as had neuer sene him before ; howbeit, he 
 came nat there, yet he cae to Douer, to thentent to haue passed the see, and his thre 
 vncles with hym, y is to say, y dukes of Lacastre, Yorke, and Glocester ; and whan 
 they came to Douer, they tooke aduyse whyder it were mete for the kyng to passe the 
 see or nat. All thyngies consydred, the counsayle of Englande was of opinyon that the 
 kyng shuld byde at Douer, and the duke of Glocester \v him ; and the duke of Lan- 
 castre, the duke of Yorke, therle of Hiityngton, therie of Derby, sir Thomas Percy, 
 the bysshops of Durham and London, and other of y kynges cousaile, to passe ouer: 
 so they came to Calais : and whan the day aproched y they shulde mete at Amyece, they 
 departed fro Calys mo than xii. C. horse ; it was a goodly syght to se the ryde in good 
 order. The frenche kyng had ordayned, that after thenglisshmen came out of Calis, 
 both goyng, abyding, and returnyng, all their costes and charges were borne of the 
 frenche kynges charge, as mete, drike, lodgyng, and horse mete. With y duke of 
 Lacastre, and the duke of Yorke, there cae their cosyn, doughter to their suster, and 
 to y lorde Coucy, who was a faire yog lady, called y lady of yrelade, for she Avas wed- 
 ded to the duke of yrelade; this lady cae to Amyens to se y lorde her father, y lorde 
 Coucy, for she had nat sene hym moche before, wherfore she hadde great desyre to se 
 hym : she came lyke a noble widowe, hauyng but small ioye in her corage. 
 
 The Frenche kyng had ordayned to make the Englysshemen as moche honour as 
 coude be deuysed : and so the foure dukes, that is to saye, the duke of Thourayn, the 
 Frenche kynges brother, and the dukes of Burbon, of Berrey, and of Burgoyne, lepte 
 on their horses and rode out of the towne to mete with the englisshmen, acopanyed 
 with many other great lordes : Fyrst, mette with the the duke Loys of Thourayn, well 
 acopanyed, and honorably he receyued his cosyns of Englande, and there comunedacer- 
 tayne space with the : than he toke his leaue and departed agayne with all his company^, 
 and so rode streight to the cytie to the kynge his brother ; and the other thre dukes, f 
 kynges vncles, Berrey, Burbone, and Burgoyne, mette with the Englysshe dukes in the 
 felde, and made great chere and honorable eche to other, that ioye it was to se. Than 
 the getyll erle Dolphyn of Auuergne, who had ben as an hostager in Englande, and 
 moche in the duke of Lacasters company, and loued hym very well, he came and hum- 
 bly saluted the duke of Lancaster. Whan the duke sawe him, he enbrased hym m 
 great token of loue, and spake toguyder a lytell. Than the dukes of Berrey, and Bur- 
 goyne, came to them : and the duke of Burbon, the lorde Coucy, and therle of saynt 
 Poule, came to the duke of Yorke, the erle of Huntyngton, and to sir Thomas Percye, 
 and so rode talkyng togyder with amorous wordes, tyll they aproched the cytie of Amy- 
 ence. Than the duke of Lancastre rode bytwene the duke of Berrey, and the duke of 
 Burgoyn : thus they rode all thre in a front, makyng honour eche to other, tyll they 
 came to the bysshoppes palais, where the kynge and the duke of Thourayne was ; there 
 they alighted, and the two dukes ledde the duke of Lacastre vp the steres, and the other 
 dukes and lordes folowed : than the Frenche lordes came into the kynges presence, 
 and made their reuerence, and lefte the Englysshe dukes standyng alone: than a lytell 
 they enclined themselfe to the kyng: than the kyng cae to them and toke them by the 
 handes, and lyfte them vp, and spake swetely to them, and they to hym, and other 
 lordes of Fraunce fell in talkynge with the other lordes of Englande ; and whan they 
 had comuned a season, they toke their leaue of the kyng, his brother, and vncles, and 
 departed, amd were conueyed to their lodgynges by the costable of Fraunce, the lorde 
 Coucy, the erle of saynt Poule, sir Johan of Vyenne, and other lordes of the realme 
 of Fraunce. Than they toke their leaues, and departed agayne to the kyng: and the 
 lady of Irelande, doughter to the lorde Coucy, was lodged in her fathers lodging, and 
 all her copany. 
 
 4 B 2 It 
 
556 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 It was ordayned by the freche kyng and his counsayle, before thenglysshe lordes 
 came to the cytie of Amyence, (whiche ordynauce was publysshed and proclamed open- 
 lye, to thentent that no persone shulde be ignorant therof, but euery man to beware of 
 brekyn<y of any artycle in the proclamacion, on payne of lesyng of their heedes) : First, 
 that no maner of person make any riot, or gyue any riotous wordes to any Englysshman ; 
 and also that no knight nor squier speke or make any chalenge of armes to any en- 
 glysshman, on payne of the kynges highe displeasure, and they to company with them 
 w swete wordes and goodly behauour, in y towne, lodgynges, orfelde; nor that the 
 Frenche pages make any debate nor riotte in any place on payne of dethe ; and what- 
 soeuer any englysshman demaudeth, to suffre them pesably to haue it : and that no host 
 nor vitayler demaunde any money, outher for meate or drinke, nor for other suche 
 comen charges. Also it was ordayned that no knight nor squyer of Fraunce shuld go 
 by night tyme without torche or torches, and that the englysshman shulde go at their 
 pleasure without any cotrolement ; and that if any Frechman mete any Englysshman in 
 the night in any strete, y they shulde swetely and gently conuey him or the to their 
 lodgyng, or to their company. Also it was ordayned that in four places of the cyte 
 four watches to be set, of a thousande men in euery watche, and that if any fyre happe 
 to fiiU in the nyght by any incydence, the watche in no wyse to remoue for no maner of 
 cause : but at y sownynge of a bell, all other people to drawe to queche the fyre. Also 
 it was ordayned y no frech knight nor squier for no maner of cause shulde presume to 
 speke to the king, wout y kyng fyrst dyde call hym. Nor also that the knightes nor 
 squyers of Fraunce shulde talke nor comune toguyder, as long as any of the Englysshe- 
 men were present, but to fynde comunynge and pastyme with theym. Also it was or- 
 dayned, that all hostes, and their seruauntes, in any wyse, shulde nat conuey or hyde 
 any bovves or arrowes, or any other thynge parteyninge to the Englysshemen, without 
 makynge of large amendes, without it were gyuen them by the Englysshmen of their 
 curtesy ; than to take it, or els nat. All these thynges were determyned by delybera- 
 cyon of good counsayle, to do the Englysshemen the more honoure, for they trusted 
 of a good conclusyon of peace. Niglie euery day, a fyftene dayes toguyder, these 
 lordes were in counsayle, and brought nothyng to coclusyon, for their demaundes were 
 greatly different. The Frenchemen demaunded to haue Calais rased and beaten downe, 
 in suche wyse, that no persone shulde dwell there after. The Englysshemen wolde in 
 no wyse agree to that treatie, for it ought to be beleued, that Calais was y towne of the 
 worlde tliat the comons of Englande loued best ; for as longe as they be lordes of Calays, 
 they sayde, they bare the kayes of Fraunce vnder their gyrdell. Thoughe the lordes 
 departed euery daye vnagreed, yet they departed asoder right amiably, for euery daye 
 they poynted to mete agayne the nexte day, bothe parties trustyng at last to coclude on 
 some good poynt. The frenche kyng made thenglysshemen in y space thre notable 
 dyners at his palais. In lykewise so dyde the duke of Thourayne, the duke of Berrey, 
 the duke of Burgoyne, the duke of Burbone, the lorde of Coucy, and the erle of saynt 
 Poule ; eche of these made the Englysshemen a great dyner ; and for euer^; thyng that 
 the Englysshmen toke in the towne was payd for, and clerkes apoynted by the kynge 
 and his counsayle to write euery thyng, and euery man apoynted for their money to 
 the chambre of .accomptes. It ought to be knowen that Johan duke of Lancastre, 
 and his brother the duke of Yorke, for all that they were come thyder on trust of 
 peace, yet they had charge of the kyng of Englande, and of his counsayle, that 
 whatsoeuer treatie they made, in no wise they shulde nouther gyue nor take any maner 
 of thynge. 
 
 Many were of the opynion, that the comynaltie of Englande rather enclyned to warrc 
 ihan to peace : for in the tyme of good kyng Edwarde the thirde, and of his soiie the 
 
 prince 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 557 
 
 prince of Wales, they had so many fayre and highe vyctoiies on j frenchemen, and so 
 great conquestes, with so moche money lor raunsomes, sellyng and patesynge of" townes 
 and countieis, that they were become marueylous riclie : for many suche as were no 
 e;entylmen of byrthe, by reason of their hardynesse and valyaunt aduentures, wan and 
 conquered so moche golde and syluer that tiiey became noble, and rose to great honour : 
 and so such as folowed after wolde folowe the same lyfe ; howbeit, after y dayes of the 
 sayd kyng Edwarde, and y prince his sonne, by the wysdome and highe enterprice of 
 sir Bertram oi'Clesquy,' and by the ayde of other good knyghtes of Frauce, the En- 
 glysshmen were than agayne sore put backe. The duke of Gloucestre, sonne to the sayde 
 kyncre Edwarde, and vncle as than to kyng Richarde, than beyng at Amyence, and 
 dyuers other lordes, knightes, and squyers, were of the same opynion that the comons 
 were of in Englande, and euclyned rather to the warre than to peace, to the entent 
 therby to susteyne their estate. By the occasion therof the peace was tiie harder to 
 driue ; yet the kynaie and the duke of Lancastre wolde fayne haue hadde peace, for by 
 their meanes that metynge at Amyece vvasapoynted; liowbeit, they wolde nat displease 
 the comens of Englande : the Englysshemen wolde gladlye haue hadde a peace, so tliey 
 myght be restored agayne to al suche landes as was agreed on at the treaty beibre Char- 
 ters, and that the Frenchemen shulde payc fourtene hundred thousande frakes, whiche 
 was vnpayed whan the warre began to renewe. 
 
 In this season thus great comunycacion there was at the cytie of Amyence on treatie 
 of peace, and the lordes that were theie on bothe parties toke great payne in the cause. 
 It myght well be marueyled why this peace toke none efi'ecte, for specialy the duke of 
 Burgoyne dyd what he coude for the Frenche partie, and the duke of Lancastre for the 
 Englysshe partie, sauyng the charge that he had, whiche he durst nat passe. Whan 
 these lordes sawe that they coulde come to no good conclusyon, than the frenchemen 
 somwhat to apease and to please the englysshmen, and the rather therby to fall to some 
 reason, it was offred to them to enioy styll peasably, all that euer they were as than in 
 possessyon of in Acquytayne, and nyne dyoces to be quite delyuered without any re- 
 sorte, so that Calays myght be beaten downe ; and also they offred to paye in thre yere 
 after, the somme of xiiii^ hundred thousande frankes. Than the duke of Lancastre and 
 the englyssh counsayle answered and sayd : Syrs, we haue taried here a longe season, 
 and haue concluded nothyng, nor we canne nat conclude tyli we he retourned into Eng- 
 lande, and than we shall shewe all your desyres and offers to the kyng our souerayne 
 lorde, and to the thre estates of the realme : and of one thinge be you sure, that as modi 
 dyligence as I and my brother of Yorke can do, shall be doone to bringe your desyre to 
 passe, except y beatyng downe of Calays ; we dare nat speke therof, for if we dyd, we 
 shulde ryn in the indygnacyon and hatred of y most parte of all the realme of Englande, 
 and yet were we better to speke no worde therof. These wordes somwhat contented 
 the french kynge and his cousayle, and desyred them, that whan they were returned into 
 Englande to do their dyligente in the mater ; and they said they wolde do what they 
 coude for the frenche party, sayeng howe the warre had endured ouer longe, and many 
 yuell inconuenyentes hath ensued therby in the worlde. Than it was considered by- 
 twene the parties, bycause the truce fayled the next mydsomer after, bytwene Englande 
 and Fraunce, to contynue it lengar the space of an hole yere, bothe by lande and by see 
 bytwene them, their alyes, and adherentes : and therto the lordes of Englande were 
 agreed. Tlian the frenche kynges counsayle desyred to sende two french knightes to 
 go with them into Englande, aiid at their retourne to bringe worde what case they 
 shulde fynde the realme of Englande in. The duke of Lancastre, and y duke of Yorke, 
 
 ? Du Guesclin, 
 
558 ' THE CRONYGLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 were contente thenvith. It was shewed me, and also the apparaunce was s;reat, howe 
 that the frenche kynge desyred greatly to haue peace, lor as than great brute ranne 
 through Fraunce and other places, howe that Lamorabaquyn" was entred with great 
 puissaunce of turkes into the realme of Hungry. Syr Boucyquaut thelder, niarshall 
 of Fraunce, brought those newes, and syr Johan of Charon,'' who were newely retourned 
 fro the partyes of Grece and Turkey ; wherfore tiie frenche kynge in his youthe had 
 great affectyon to go in voyage, and to go and se the sayd Lamorabaquyn," and to re- 
 couer the realme of Armony,' whiche the turkes had wonne fro the kynge Lyon of 
 Armony,*^ who was the same tyme at Amyence: and he shewed the cause of his com- 
 ynge thyder to the duke of Lancastre and to the duke of yorke. They knewe hym 
 well, for they had sene him before in the realme of Englande ; he was in Englande to 
 treate for the peace whan the frenche kynge was at Sluse. And consyderynge the kynge 
 of Armonyes*^ busynesse at the ende of their parlyamente, the frenche kynge sayde to 
 the duke of Lancastre : Fayre nephewe, if peace maye be had bytwene vs and the kynge 
 of Englande, we might than make a voyage into Turkey, comfortyng the kynge of Hun- 
 gry and the emperour of Constantynople, whome Lamorabaquyn" dothe moche trouble : 
 and let vs recouer the realme of Armony," whiche the turkes kepe. We here saye that 
 Lamorabaquyn" is a valyaunt man and of great enterprise, and agaynst suche persones 
 as are contrary to our beleue, and daily dothe trouble and greue vs: we ought to en- 
 clyne ourselfe to defende our crysten faythe ; wherfore, fayre nephewe, helpe you to 
 prouyde for this voyage in the realme of Englande. The duke of Lancastre promysed 
 to do his deuoyre in that behalfe: thus they toke leaue eche of other. 
 
 This counsayle at Amyence endured a fyftene dayes ; than the Englysshemen de- 
 parted, and had with them in writyng the coclusion of their treatie, to shewe to the 
 kynge of Englande and his counsayle. Than the duchesse of Irelande departed fro 
 Amyece, and toke leaue of her father the lorde of Goucy, and retourned with the 
 englysshe lordes : and fro that tyme that they departed fro Calais tyll they came thyder 
 agayne they spent nothyng without they lyst, for the french kynge made euery thynge 
 to be payed, bothe for themselfe and for their horses. The duke of Burgoyne than re- 
 tourned into Arthoys to the cytie of Arras, and there he founde the duchesse his wyfe, 
 who had vysited the countrey of Flaunders. The duke of Thourayne, the duke of 
 Berrey, and the duke of Burbone taryed with the kynge, and the kinge purposed to go 
 to Beauoys and to Gysors, to sporte hym there in the wave to Parys. With the duke 
 of Lancastre and the duke of yorke certayne knightes of Fraunce wente into Englande, 
 as syr Johan of Castell Morante and sir Taupyns of Cantmell, to bringe aunswere 
 agayne out of Englande ; and sir Raynolde du Roy, the lorde of Moncaurell, and y 
 lorde of the olde towne,'' conueyed them to Calays, and than toke their leaue, and the 
 englysshemen passed ouer the see to Douer, and there founde the kynge and the duke 
 of Glocestre taryeng for them. Whan the kyng sawe them, he had great comunynge 
 with them of the state of the parlyamente of Amyence : the kynge was well content 
 with that his vncles had done ; but than the duke of Glocestre, who was alwayes harde 
 agaynst the treatie of peace, sayd : howe there coulde no good conclusyon be taken in 
 this treatye tyll the mater were brought to Westmynster to a general counsayle of all 
 the thre astates of the realme, and than to folovve their aduyses and none otherwyse. 
 The duke of Glocesters wordes were well herde ; no manne wolde saye agaynst hym, 
 for he was greatly in the loue of the realme. Than it was shewed to the knightes of 
 Fraunce that they muste go with them to London, otherwyse they coulde haue none 
 answere. The two knightes obeyed, as it was reason. Than the kynge toke his way 
 
 and 
 
 ' Amurath. '' Caronge? "^ Armenia. * Vieuville. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 559 
 
 and the lordes with him to London. Whan the kynge came to Dartforde, he tooke 
 his waye to Eltham, and refresshed him there with the qiiene, and than came to Shene, 
 and wente agaynst saynte Georges feest to Wyndsore, and there the knyghtes ofFraunce 
 •were answered ; but or I shewe you their aunswere, I wyil somewhat speke ot the 
 frenche kynge. 
 
 After that this assemble and cousayle had been at Amyence, the Frenche kynge, for 
 lacke of good gydyng, fell sycke of the feuer, wherfore he was counsayled to chaunge the 
 ayre: so he was layde in a lytter, and caryed to Beauuoys, and there taryed in the bys- 
 shops palays tyll he was hole and recouered ; his brother ihe duke of Thourayne with 
 him, and his vncles the dukes of Berrey and Biirljone; there he helde his Ea^ter: and 
 after, whan the kynge was stronge and myghl well ryde, he rode to Gysors, tlie en- 
 tryng into Normady, to haue there the sporte of huntynge, for theraboute were many 
 fayre wodes. The kyng beynge there, sir Bernarde ol Armynake, who was brother to 
 Johan of Armynake, came to the kynge in good array, and the D<jlphyn of Auuergne 
 in his company, whome he founde at Parys in his waye. There the erle of Armynake 
 and the Erie of Rodays made their reliefe and homage to tlie kynge, acordinge to the 
 custome as other lordes ofFraunce made their relyefe for suche laudes as they helde in 
 fee of the kynge: and whan euery thyng was writen and regestred, they toke their leaue 
 and retourned to Paris togyther, and fro thence to their countreys, to Auuergne and to 
 Languedoc ; and about the feest of Ascensyon tyde the frenche kynge retourned 
 to Parys in good hellhe, and lodged at his house of saynte Poll, the whiche was 
 ordeyned for hym ; and thyder was come the frenche quene and the duches of Thou- 
 rayne. 
 
 Nowe let vs speke of syr Johan of Castell Morante, and of syr Taupyn of Cantmell, 
 who were in Englande taryenge for an answere of the kyng and his counsayle. They 
 were at Wyndesore at saynte'Ceorges feest, where was the kynge, his vncles, and other 
 great lordes of Englande: there these lordes counsayled togyther on suche promyse as 
 they had made to the frenche kyng and his dounsayle at Amyence, and determyned to 
 delyuer the tAVo Frenche knyghtes that dayly called on them for an aunswere. Than 
 these knyghtes were sente for on a day, and it was sayde to them thus : Syrs, be con- 
 tente, for, all thinges consydred, ye canne haue of vs no full answere at this tyme, for 
 it wolde be harde as nowe to assemble togyther the thre estates of the realme vntyll the 
 feest of Mychelmas, at whiche tyme they muste nedes be at the parlyamente at West- 
 mynster: and to excuse you we shall write letters for the same purpose, at whiche sea- 
 son if you or any other for the partie of Frauce wyll traueyle so farre as to come thyder 
 they shall haue a reasonable answere, suche as generally the hole counsayle of the thre 
 astates shall agre vnto. Whan the frenche knyghtes sawe what aunswere they had, 
 and coulde haue none other, they aunswered and sayd: Syr, we are contente with that 
 ye haue sayd ; lette vs haue our letters, and we shall retourne. Than their letters were 
 delyuered to them, and so toke their leaue of the kynge and of other lordes, and so 
 came fro Wyndesore to London, and made the redy to departe. The kyng ol Eng- 
 lande caused all their costes and charges to be payed for, and conueyed to Doner, and 
 there taryed a fyue dayes for lacke of wynde, and on the sixte day they departed and 
 aryued at Boloyne ; and whanne their horses were vnshypped they rode to Amyece by- 
 small iourneys and so to Paris, and there they founde the kynge and his lordes: it 
 was aboute the feest of Penthecost : their letters were redde, wherby they vnderstode 
 the ordynauce of the englysshmen. As it was shewed to me, the kynge nor his coun- 
 sayle toke lytell regards to the mater, for within a season after they had moche ado in 
 
 other places. ,, 
 
 *^ Howe 
 
560 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 Howe syr Peler of Craon, through i/uell wyll, by sublyle crafle, heale downe syr Olyuer 
 of Clysson, wherwith the Kynge and his counsayle were sore displeased. 
 
 C A P. CLXXXV.' 
 
 YE haue well herde here before how sir Peter of Craon, who was a knyght of great 
 lygnage, but he was farre out of the frenche kynges grace and the duke of Thourayns: 
 if he dyd so moche to cause them to be displeased with him, he dyd yuell. Ye haue 
 herde also howe he was gone into Bretayne to the duke, who shewed hym that the yuell 
 wyll that the kynge bare hym was by the meanes of syr Olyuer of Clysson. It may 
 well be that he was so enfourmed, in that he hadde so great hate to the constable sir 
 Olyuer of Clysson, for he studyed euer after howe to dystroy hym. Thus whyle syr 
 Peter of Craon was with the duke of Bretaygne they wolde often tymes comune togy- 
 der, and deuise howe they myght bringe syr Olyuer of Clysson to dethe, for they sayd 
 that and he were ones deed, there was none y wolde greatly reuenge his dethe. The 
 duke repeted hym that he had nat slayne hym whan he had hym in prisone, and wolde 
 as than that it had coste hym a hundred thousande frankes that he had hym agayne at 
 his wyll. Whan syr Peter of Craon sawe that the duke had suche hatred to syr Olyuer 
 of Clysson, he purposed a marueylous ymaginacion in himselfe, for by apparauce men 
 shulde gyue judgement. This knyght thought howesoeuer it were that he wolde slee 
 the constable, and thought to entende to nothynge els tyll he had slayne hym with his 
 owne handes, or caused hym to be slayne, and afterwarde entreat for peace. He douted 
 nothyng John of Blois, nor the sonne of the Vicounte of Rohan, who had wedded two 
 of the constables doughters ; he thought to do well ynough with theym as longe as y 
 duke was on his parte: for he sawe well the strengthe and puyssaunce of Bloys was 
 greatly feblysshed, for the Erie Guy of Bloys had solde the herytage of Bloys to the 
 duke of Thourayn, whiche shulde haue ronne by successyon to therle of Pointhyeur'' 
 Johan of Bloys, wherby he thought that the duke of Thourayne shewed hym but small 
 loue nor alyaunce of lynage to bye away his enherytaunce ; wherfore this syr Peter 
 thought if syr Olyuer of Clysson were deed sone to apease the kynges yuell wyll and 
 the duke of Thourayns, and therby sone to ouercome the lorde de la Ryuer and syr 
 Johan Mercyer, Montagu, the Begue of Villayns, and syr Johan of Bulle, and other of 
 the Kynges chambre, suche as susteyned the constable : for he knewe well that the duke 
 of Berrey and the duke of Burgoyne loued them nothynge inwardely, whatsoeuer they 
 shewed outwardly. Thus sir Peter of Craon perceyuered styll in his opynyon, and de- 
 uysed in his imagynacion by the entysyng of the dyuell, who neuer slepeth, but waketh 
 and enbraseth their hartes to do yuell that enclyneth to his exortacion. Thus the dyuell 
 dayly layde the mater before this knyghtes eyen, or he put the mater to e.xecusyon ; 
 but if he had iustly ymagyned the doutes and parelles, and myscheuousnesse that myght 
 fall by his yuell dede, reasone and wyse atemperaunce shulde haue caused hym to haue 
 done otherwyse ; but it is often tymes said, that the great desyre that a man hath to haue 
 the execusyon of that thynge or it be fallen, often tymes quencheth reason and wys- 
 dome: therfore often tymes vyces are maysters and vertues vyolate and corrupted; and 
 for bycause that specially this syr Peter of Craon had so great affection to the dystruc- 
 tyon of the constable, therfore he lyghtly enclyned to the temptacion to do outrage and 
 folly, and thought tbat if he myght slee the constable and returne agayne safely into 
 
 Bretayne, 
 
 I Chapter CLXXXI. " Penthievre. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 56I 
 
 Bretayne, that no man wolde seke hym there; if they dyd, he trusted that the duke 
 wolde excuse hym; and that if the worste fell, that the Frenche kynge came thyder 
 with a great puyssaunce, than in a nyght to entre into a shyppe, and so to go to Bor- 
 deaux, to Bayon, or into Englande, and there he thought well he shulde nat be pur- 
 sewed : for he knewe well that the englysshemen hated the constable, bycause of the 
 crueltyes that he had doone and consented to be done sylhe he was tourned frenche ; 
 howebeit, before that, he had done many notable seruyces to the englysshemen, as it hath 
 ben rehersed here before in this hystory. 
 
 Sir Peter of Craon, for to accoplyssh his desyre, had louge studyed in his mynde 
 howe to brynge his purpose to passe, and kepte his purpose close and secrete ; 1 knowe 
 nat if he shewed it to the duke of Bretayne or nat : some thought yes, bycause after the 
 dede done by hym and his company, he toke the next way he coude into Bretayne, and 
 tooke for his sauegarde the duke of Bretaygne ; and also before the dede done he solde 
 his castelles and herytage that he had in Anion to the duke of Bretaygne, and renyed 
 his homage to the frenche kynge, and sayd howe he wolde go ouer the see. Of all these 
 maters I passe breuely; but 1 shall declare the dede, for 1 syr Johan Froysart, auctour 
 of this hystory, whan this vnhappy dede was doone by syr Peter of Craon agaynste syr 
 Olyuer'of Clysson, I was the same tyme at Paris: wherfore I ought to be well enfourmed 
 of the mater, acordyng to the enquery that I made therin to knowe the trouthe. The 
 same tyme this syr Peter had in the towne of Parys a fayre house standynge in the 
 churche yarde of saynt Johans, as dyuers other lordes had in the cytie for their plea- 
 sure: in this house there was a keper. Syr Peter of Craon had sent of his seruauntes 
 to Parys, and they prouyded largely in the house with wyne, corne, flesshe, salte, and 
 other prouysyons ; also he had writen to the keper that he shulde bye certayne armure, 
 as cotes of stele, gauntletes, stoles, and other harnesse for xl. men ; and that doone, to 
 sende hym worde therof, to thentente that he wolde sende for them, and secretly all 
 this to be done. The keper, who thought none yuell and to obey his maysters co- 
 maundement, bought all this marchaudyse : and all this season he was in a castell of his 
 owne in Anion, called Sable ; and he sent one weke thre or four seruauntes to his house 
 in Paris, and so wekely, tyll he had there a xl. and shewed them nothynge for what 
 cause he sent them thyder ; but he charged them to kepe themselfe close in his howse 
 in any wyse, and whatsoeuer they lacked the keper of his house shulde prouyde for it; 
 and on a daye I shall shewe you the cause why I sende you thyder before, and ye shall 
 haue good wages. They dyd as he commaunded them, and came priuely to Parys, and 
 entred into the house by nyght and in the mornynges, for as than the gates of Parys 
 nyght and daye stode open. There assembled in that house so many togyther, that they 
 were a xl. companyons hardy men and outragyous ; howebeit, there were some that if 
 they hadde knowen wherfore they came thyder they wolde nat haue come there, yet 
 they kepte themselfe secrete. Than at y feest of Pentecost syr Peter of Craon came to 
 Paris secretly, and entred into his howse, dysguysed lyke a seruaunt : than he called 
 for the porter that kepte the gate, and sayd : 1 comaunde the, on payne of thy lyfe, let 
 no man, woman, nor chylde entre into this house, nor none to go out without my co- 
 maundement. The porter obeyed, as it was reason, and so dyd the keper ; and he co- 
 maunded the kepers wyfe and her chyldren to kepe her chambre, and nat to issue out 
 therof; wherin he dyd wysely, for if the woman and chyldren had gone abrode in the 
 streates, the comynge thyther of syr Peter Craon had been knowe, for chyldren and 
 women naturally are harde to kepe counsayle of that thynge a man wolde haue kepte 
 secrete. Thus syr Peter and his company were secretly in his howse tyll the day of the 
 holy sacramente, and euery day syr Peter had abrode his spyes that brought him worde 
 of the state of syr Olyuer Clysson ; and tyll that daye he coulde fynde no tyme to ex- 
 
 VoL. II. 4 C ecute 
 
562 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 ecute his enterprise, wherwith he was sore displeased in hymselfe. The said day the 
 frenche kynge kepte a feest with open courte with all the lordes that were there ; also 
 the quene and the duches of Thourayne were there in great ioy and solace. The same 
 day after dyner the yonge lusty knyghtes were armed and iusted valyauntly in the pre- 
 sence of the kynge and of the quene and other ladyes and damosels, and contynued tyll 
 it was nere nyglit: and by the iudgement of the ladyes and liarauldes the price was gyuen 
 to syr Gillyam of Flaunders, erle of Namure: and the kynge made all the lordes and 
 ladyes a great supper, and after supper daunced tyll it was one of the clock alter myd- 
 nyght ; than euery man departed to their lodgynges, some to one place and some to 
 another, without feare or doute of any thyng. Syr Olyuer of Clisson, who as than was 
 constable of Fraunce, departed fro the kynges place last of all other, and had taken his 
 leaue of the kynge, and than went through the duke of Thourayns chambre, and sayde 
 to hym: Syr, wyll ye tary here all nyght, or els go to your lodgyng of PouUayne: 
 This Poollayn was the dukes treasourer, and dwelle a lytell besyde the sygne of the 
 Lyon of syluer. Than the duke sayde: constable, I can nat tell as yet whether I do 
 tary here or els go thyder : go ye your waye to your lodgynge, for it is tyme. Than 
 syr Olyuer toke his leaue of the duke, and sayd : syr, god sende you good nyght: 
 and so departed, and in the streate he founde his seruauntes and his horse, an eyght 
 persones, and two torches: than he rode forthe to entre into the hygh streate of saynt 
 Kateryns. 
 
 Sir Peter of Craon had the same night layde good spyall on syr Olyuer of Clisson, 
 and knewe well that he was bydden behynde his company with the kynge, and that his 
 horse taryed at the kynges gate for hym: Than he moiated on his horse and all his 
 company well armed couertly, and there past nat sixe of his company that knew his 
 entent ; and whan he came into saynte Katheryns streate there he taryed, and abode pri- 
 uely for the contables comyng ; and as sone as the constable was issued out of the 
 streate of saynt Powle, and came into the hyghe streate, and his torches besyde hym, 
 and came rydynge, talkyng with a squyer of his, sayenge : To morowe I must haue at 
 dyner with me y duke of Thourayne, the lorde Coucy, syr Johan of Vyen, syr Charles 
 Dangers, the barone of Vrey,^ and dyuers other, wherfore speke to my stewarde that 
 they lacke nothynge ; and sayeng of those wordes, syr Peter Craon and his company 
 came on hym, and at the first they strake out the torches ; and whan the constable 
 herde the russhynge of the horses behynde hym, he thought it had been the duke of 
 Thourayne that had folowed and sported with hym, and sayde: Ah, syr, it is yueli 
 doone ; but I pardon you ; ye are yonge, and full of play and sporte. With those 
 wordes syr Peter of Craon drewe out his sworde and said: slee the constable, slee hym, 
 for he shall dye. What arte thou, quod Clysson, that spekest those wordes? I am 
 Peter of Craon, tliyne enemye : thou hast so often tymes dyspleased me, that nowe thou 
 shake make amedes: and therwith strake at the constable; and syr Peters men drewe 
 oute their swordes and strake at the constaljle, who had no vvepon but a shorte knyfe of 
 two foote of length, and defended hymselfe as well as he myght, and his men were with- 
 out armure, and sone put abrode fro their mayster. Than syr Peters men sayd, shall 
 we slee them all ? Yea, quod sir Peter, all suche as make any defence. Their defence 
 was but small, for they were but eight persones, and without armure. Sir Peter de- 
 maunded nothynge bui the dethe of the constable. Some that -were there, whan they 
 knewe it was the constable, they gaue him but faynte strokes, fur a thynge doone by 
 trayson is doone cowardly, without any hardynesse. The constable defended hymselfe 
 valyauntly with that wepyn that he had ; howebeit, his defence hadde vayled hym but 
 
 lytell, 
 
 * Ivrj'. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 5G3 
 
 lytell, and the great grace of god had nat ben ; styll he sate on his horse tyll he had a full 
 stroke on y heed, with whiche stroke he fell fro his horse ryght agaynst a bakers dore, 
 who was vp and busy to bake breed, and had left his dore halfe open, whiche was happy 
 for the constable ; for as he fell fro his horse he fell agaynste the dore, and the dore 
 opened, and he fell in at the dore, and they that were a horsebacke coulde nat entre 
 after hym, the dore was to lowe and to lytell.' God shewed great grace to the constable, 
 for if he had fallen in the streate as he dyde in at the dore, or if the dore had been 
 shytte he had ben slayn without remedy ; but they that were a horsebacke dursle nat 
 alyght : and also ihey thought, and so dyd syr Peter, y on the stroke that he had on the 
 heed, that at laste it shulde be his dethes wounde. Than syr Peter sayd : go we hence ; 
 we haue done ynough ; for if he be nat deed, he wyll dye on the stroke that he bathe 
 on the heed, for it was a great stroke : therwith they departed, and rode awaye a good 
 pace to the 2;ate of saynte Anthony, and rode out therat, for as than the gate was open, 
 and had ben ten yere^ sythe the frenche kynge retourned fro the balayle of Rosebeque, 
 and that the sayd constable put downe the malles of Parys, and punysshed them for 
 their rebellyons. 
 
 Thus syr Olyuer of Clysson was lefte in this case, as a man halfe deed and more, in 
 the bakers house, who was sore abasshed whan he knewe it was the constable : as for his 
 men had lytell hurte, for syr Peter and his men loked for nothynge but to haue slayne 
 the constable. Than syr Olyuers men assembled togyther, and entred into the bakers 
 house, and there founde their mayster, sore hurte on the heed, and the blode rennynge 
 downe by his vysage, wherwith tliey were sore abasshed, and good cause why: there 
 they made great complayntes ; fyrste they feared he had ben deed. Anone tydinges 
 hereof came to the kynges lodgynge, and it was sayde to the kyng, as he was goynge to 
 his bedde : Ah, syr, we canne nat hyde fro you the great myschiefe that is nowe sodenly 
 fallen in Parys. What myschefe is that ? quod the kynge. Syr, quod they, your con- 
 stable syr Olyuer of Clisson is slayne. Slayne, quod the kynge ; and howe so, and 
 who hath done that deed? Syr, quod they, we canne nat tell ; but this myschefe is 
 fallen on hym here by in the streate of saynt Kateryn. Well, quod the kynge, light vp 
 your torches ; I wyll go and se hym. Torches anone were lyghted vp. The kynge 
 put on a cloke and his slyppers on his fete : than suche as kept watche the same nyght 
 went forthe with the kynge, and suche as were abed and herde of these tydynges rose 
 vp in hast and folowed the kyng, who was gone forthe with a small company : for the 
 kynge taryed for no manne, but wente forthe with theym of his chambre, with torches 
 before him and behynde him, and had no mo chamberlayns with hym but sir Gaultier 
 Martell and syr John of Lygnac. Thus the king came to the bakers house and entred, 
 and certayne torches taryed without. Than the'kynge founde his constable nere deed, 
 as it was shewed him, but nat fully deed, and his men had taken of all his geare to se hi3 
 woundes, howe he was hurte ; and the fyrsc worde that the kynge sayd was: Constable, 
 howe is it with you ? Dere syr, quod he, ryght febly. Who hath brought you in this 
 case ? quod the kyng. Syr, quod he, Peter of Craon and his company traytoursly, and 
 without defence. Constable, quod the kynge, there was neuer dede so derely bought as 
 this shall be. Than physycions and surgeons were sent for on all partes, and whan 
 they came, the kyng sayd to his owne surgyons: Syrs, looke what case my constable is 
 in, and shewe me the trouthe, for I am sory of his hurte. Than they serched his 
 woundes in euery parte. Than the kynge demaunded of them and sayd : Syrs, howe 
 sayeyou? is he in any parell of dethe? They all answered and sayd: syr, surely 
 there is no ieoperdy of dethe in hym, but that within these xv.dayes he shall be able to 
 ryde. With that aunswere the kynge was ryght ioyous, and sayd : thanked be god 
 these be good tydynees ; and than said: Constable, be of good chere and care nothynge. 
 
564 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 for there was neuer trespas sorer punysshed than this shall be vpon the traytours that 
 haue done this dede, for I take this mater as myne owne. The constable, with a feble 
 voyce, answered : Sir, god rewarde your grace for your noble vysytacyon. Than the 
 kyng toke his leaue, and departed and retourned to his lodgynge, and incontynent 
 sente for the prouost of Paris, and by that tyme that he came it was clere day lyght : 
 than the kyng comaunded hym and sayd : Prouost, get you men togyther well horsed, 
 and pursewe that traytour syr Peter of Craon, who thus traytorously hath hurte nygh 
 to the dethe our constable : ye can nat do to vs a more acceptable seruyce thanne to 
 pursewe and take hym and bring hym to vs. Than the prouost answered and sayd : 
 syr, I shall do all y lyeth in my puyssaunce to do : syr, canne your grace knowe whiche 
 waye he is gone? Enquyre, quod the kynge, and do your dylygence. 
 
 Howe in great dylygence the prouost of Parys purseivcd syr Peter of Craon. 
 
 GAP. CLXXXVI/ 
 
 AS at that tyme the four souerayne gates of the cytie were euer kepte opyn nyght 
 and day, whiche ordynaunce was made euer sythe the batayle of Rosebeque, where the 
 Frenche kyng disconfited the flemynges, and that the parisyece wolde haue rebelled, 
 and that the malettes were laide downe, to the entent to kepe vnder the parisyence ; 
 and by the counsayle of sir Olyuer of Clysson all the chaynes in the streates were layde 
 downe, and the gates taken of their hokes. In this case the cytie was in a ten yere, so 
 that euery man myght entre night or daye into Parys who so lyst. Lo, it maye be well 
 consydred what fortune is. The costable gadred the rodde wherwith hymselfe was 
 beaten : for if the gates of Parys had ben closed and the chaynes lyfte vp, sir Peter of 
 Craon durst neuer haue done that he dyde, for if he had, he coude nat haue gone out 
 of the towne as he dyde; but bycause he knewe well he might issue out at all houres, 
 that made him execute his yuell purpose. Wha he departed fro the Constable, he 
 thought surely he had ben slayne; howebeit, he was nat, wherwith he was sore dis- 
 pleased. Whan he issued out of Parys it was about one of the clocke after mydnight, 
 and passed by the gate saynt Anthony ; and some sayd he passed the ryuer of Seyne at 
 the bridge of Charenton, and than toke the waye to Charters; and some sayde he 
 issued out of Parys at the gate of saynte Honour, vnder Mount marter, and passed the 
 ryuer of Seyne at Ponthieur :"' wheresoeuer he passed, he was by eight of the clocke at 
 Charters ; and suche as were well horsed with hyra all folowed hym nat, but brake 
 asondre for lesse suspeciousnesse and for feare of pursute: and whan this si!' Peter of 
 Craon came first lo Parys, he had lefte at Charters, with one of the chanons there, 
 who had ben a seruaunt of his beforetyme, a twentie fresshe horses: it had ben better 
 for the chanon he had neuer knowen hym ; howebeit, of his purpose nor of the execut- 
 ynge therof he knewe nothyng therin. Whan sir Peter was retourned to Charters, he 
 dranke and cbaiiged his horses and dyde of his harnesse, and toke the waye to Mayne, 
 and rode so fast y he came to a castell of his owne, called Sable, and there rested hym- 
 selfe, and sayde he wolde go no further tyll he herde tidynges of sir Olyuer of Clysson, 
 and howe the mater went. Ye maye be sure that the same fryday, after the dede was 
 done, great brute ran all about the cytie of that dede, and many blamed greatly sir 
 Peter of Craon. The lorde of Coucy, as soone as he knewe therof, in the mornynge 
 
 lepte 
 
 ■• Chapter CLXXXU. ;■ Ponthon in the Lyons' edition.— Query, Ponloise } 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 565 
 
 lepte on his horse, with eyght persones with hym, and rode to the Constables lodgyng 
 to visyte hym, for they loued entierlye togyder, and called eche other brother m arnies: 
 his visytacion dyd the Costable gret good. In iyke maner other lordes acordyng to their 
 tourne came and visyted hym, and specially the duke of Thourayne, who was sore dis- 
 pleased for that dede ; and the kynge and he, sayd bothe, howe that sir Peter of ^-raon 
 had done that dede in dispyte of theym, and howe it was a thyng prepensed by false 
 traytours to put the realme to trouble. The duke of Berrey, who as thane was at 
 Parys, dissymuled the mater, and made no great busynesse in the cause: and I 
 sir Johan Froissarte, auctour of this cronycle, as I was credably enformed of this 
 aduenture, there had ben nothyng done if the duke of Berrey had lyste: for if he 
 had wolde, he myght well haue broken that enterprise ; I shall shewe you the reason 
 howe. 
 
 The same thursday, Corpus Christy day, there came to the duke of Berrey a clerke, 
 secretorie to sir Peter of Craon, and sayde to hym in secrete manerj sir, 1 Avyll shewe 
 you a thyng in secretnesse, whiche is lykely to come to a poore coclusyon; and, sir, 
 ye are more lykelye to remedye it than any other. What mater is that ? quod the duke. 
 Sir, quod he, I shall shewe you; but 1 wolde nat be named the bringer oute therol. 
 Spare nat, quod the duke, I shall beare out the mater well ynoughe. Well, sir, quod 
 the Clerke, I doubte me greatlye that sir Peter of Craon wyll slee or cause to be mur- 
 thered the constable sir Olyuer of Clysson; for he hath assembled toguyder into his 
 house, within the Churcheyarde of saynte Johanes, a great noumbre of menne, and 
 hath kepte them there couertly euersyth the feest of Whitsontyde ; and, sir, if they 
 shulde do that dede, the kynge wyll be sore dyspleased, and bringe the realme into 
 great trouble ; therfore, sir, I shewe it to you, for, sir, I am abasshed therof myselfe, 
 though I be sir Peters seruaunt, and haue made seruyce to hym, yet I dare nat consente 
 to th?s outrage ; and, sir, and ye prouyde nat for the mater, there is none can do it ; 
 and, sir, for goddessake take hede to this that I haue shewed you ; and, sir, to eschewe 
 that maye falle, I dare nat retourne to hym. The duke herde hym well, and said: 
 Abyde here with me this nysiht, and to morowe be tymes I shall enforme the kyng 
 therof: it is nowe far forthe dayes, I wyll nat trouble the kynge therwilh ; but to mo- 
 rowe without faute we shall prouyde for the mater, sithe that sir Peter of Craon is in 
 the towne, I knewe nat therof before. Thus the duke draue of the matter, and in the 
 meane tyme this myschiefe felle. Than the Prouost, with mo thane threscore horses, 
 issued oute of the cytie at the gate of saynt Honour, and folowed the tracke of sir Peter 
 of Craon, and came to Ponthteur,' to passe the lyuer of Seyne, and demauded of the 
 kepar of the bridge if any horses passed that waye that muinynge; and he sayd yes, 
 howe that there passed about a twelue horse, but I sawe no knyght nor persone that 
 I knewe. What waye toke they? quod the Prouost. Sir, quod he, the waye to- 
 wardes Wannes. Ah, quod the prouost, it maye well be; I thynke tliey wyll ryde to 
 Chierbourge. Thane the prouoste tooke that waye and lefte the waye to Charters, and 
 therby he loste the iuste pursute of sir Peter of Craon : and whanne he had rydden 
 tyll noone, than he mette with a knyght of the countrey, who had been a huntyng of 
 the hare, and he shewed hym howe that he sawe the same mornynge about a fyftene 
 men a horsebacke, trauersyng the leldes, and (as he thought) toke the waye to Charters. 
 Than the prouost and his company enlred into the waye to Charters, and so rode tyll 
 it was nere hitnde nyght, and than came to Charters ; and there it was shewed hym howe 
 sir Peter of Craon h:idde been there with the chanon aboute eyght of the clocke, and 
 there vnarmed hym and toke fresshe horses: than the prouost sawe well he had lost 
 
 his 
 
 ' Ponthon, or Ponthoise. 
 
566 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 his payne, and shulde do, to folowe hym any further, sayeng, seyng that he was so farre 
 past ; than the Saturdaye he retourned to Parys, bycause the certentie whiche waye sir 
 Peter of Craon toke was nat knowen at Parys; therfore the kynge and the duke of 
 Thourayne, who had a great affection to haue sir Peter of Craon taken, sente sir John 
 of Barrqis with a threscore iiorse out of Parys to sertche for hym; and they issued out 
 at the gate saynt Anthony, and passed the ryuers of Marne and Seyne at the bridge of 
 Charenton, and rode all about the countrey and came towardes Estampes, and finally 
 at dyner they came to Charters, and there herde sure tidynges: and whane the Barrois 
 knewe y sir Peter of Craon was gone, and sawe that he shulde but traueyle in vayne to 
 folowe any further, than he retourned agayne the sondaye to Parys, and shewed the 
 kyng what he had done, and in lykevvise so had the prouost done. The Saturday there 
 was founde in a vyllage as they went a sertchyng, two squyers and a page, parteynyng 
 to sir Peter of Craon ; they were taken and brought to Parys and sette in prisone, and 
 on the Mondaye beheeded : first they were brought to y place where the dede was done, 
 and there eche of them had their right hande striken of, and than to the halles" and there 
 beheeded and hanged on the gybet ; and the wednisday after, the kepar of sir Peter of 
 Craons house in Paris was executed and beheeded : many men said he had. wrong; but 
 bycause he shewed nat the comynge of sir Peter into Parys he was put to dethe : in lyke- 
 wise y chanon at Charters, with who sir Peter dyde refresse hym and chaunged his 
 horse, he was accused and taken and put in the bysshoppes prisone, and toke fro hym 
 all that he had, and depriued hym of all his benefyces, and was condempned to perpe- 
 tuall prisone, to lyue with breed and water; all the excusacyons that he coude make 
 auayled hym nothyng : he was reputed in the towne of Charters to be a noble wyse man. 
 Sir Peter of Craon beyng in his castell of Sable, was sore displeased whan he knewe that 
 sir Olyuer of Clysson was nat deed, nor had no hurte, but that within sixe wekes he 
 shulde be hole : than he consydred that he was nat in good suretie in that castell, and 
 feared to be enclosed in suche wyse that he shulde nat issue whan he wolde. Thane he 
 tooke a certayne with hym and issued out secretly, and rode so longe that he came into 
 Bretaygne, and there foude the duke, who receyued hym and knewe all the mater, and 
 howe the constable was nat deed ; than he sayde : Ah, sir Peter of Craon, ye are vn- 
 happy that coude nat slee the Constable whan ye had hym vnder youre handes. Sir, 
 quod sir Peter, the deuyll was on it; I thynke all the deuylles in hell dyde helde hym 
 out of my hades and out of my companyons ; I am sure there was stryken at hym mo 
 thanne threscore strokes, with swordes and iauelyns : and whane he fell fro his horse, 
 indede I thought surely he had bene deed ; and so he had been, and it had nat ben his 
 fortune to fall in at a bakers dore, the whiche stode halfe opyn, for if he had fallen in 
 the strete he hadde neuer rysen alyue. Well, quod the duke, as nowe it wyll be 
 none otherwyse ; I am sure I shall here shortely some newes fro the frenche kyng, and 
 I thynke I shall haue warre with hym (as ye haue). Kepe you priuely with me, y 
 mater shall nat thus rest; and sithe I haue promysed to ayde and susteyne you, I wyll 
 kepe promyse. 
 
 ' Les Halles, 
 
 0/ 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 567 
 
 OJ the great army and viage that the Frenche kyui^e purposed to make into Bretayne 
 agaynst the duke, by cause he susteyned sir Peter of craon; and hovue in that 
 viage the kynge fell sicke, tvherhy the viage brake. 
 
 CAP. CLXXXVII.' 
 
 TIDYNGES came to the Frenche kynge as he laye at Parys that the duke of Bre- 
 tayne hadde receyued sir Peter of Craon : than the kyng was counsayled by suche as 
 were of his priuye counsayle that le shulde incontynent sende into Bretaygne to the 
 duke, comaundynge hym on his faythe and homage that he ought to the crowne of 
 Fraunce, to take the traytour sir Peter of Craon, and to sende hym to Parys : these let- 
 ters were written, sealed, and delyuered to a squier ; and he rode so long that he came 
 into Bretayne, and foude the duke at his castell of Ermyne, and there delyuered his 
 letters : the duke toke and reed them ; than he said to the messanger, that he wolde 
 •write agayne to the kyng, and so dyd in excusyng of hymselfe, sayeng : that as of sir 
 Peter of Craon he knewe nolhynge, nor where he was, nor wolde nat knowe, nor it 
 aperteyned nat to hym to knowe ; nor as for the hatered nor warre that was bytwene sir 
 Olyuer of Clysson and sir Peter of craon, he toke no regarde therto, for it touched him 
 nothynge; and therfore in those maters he prayed the kyng to holde hym excused. 
 This letter was sealed and delyuered to the kynges mebsanger, and so he retourned 
 agayne to Parys, and there foude the kyng and his cousayle, who were sore desyrous to 
 here tidinges out of Bretaygne. Than the messanger delyuered his letters to the kynge, 
 who toke and reed them: than the kynge sayd to his brother and to his counsayle: 
 This excusacion of the dukes is nat suffycient: it semeth well the duke of Bretayne hath 
 caused all this busynes: this dispyte and outrage is so great, that it ought nat to be suf- 
 fred, for it toucheth gretlye myne honoure. The same season the duke of Berrey was 
 at Parys, and often lymes the kynge wolde speke to hym of this trespasse ; and the 
 duke sayd: Sir, surely he hath done a great outrage: if he myght be founde, it were 
 reasone he made amendes. Fayre vncle, quod the kynge, he is in Bretaygne with the 
 duke ; we wyll go and seke hym there, and ye shall go with vs. Tlie duke dissymuled 
 the mater, and sayd: Sir, as it shall please you; but ye must haue also my brother of 
 Burgoyne with you. We wyll haue hym with vs, quod the kyng, for without hym we 
 wyll make no voyage: we wyll go into Bretayne witli suche an armye, able to resyst all 
 our ennemyes : we maye se nowe openly that this duke loueth nor selteth by vs but ly- 
 tell ; he is proude and presumptuous, and we shall entende to nothynge tyll we haue 
 brought hym to reasone. Thus the Frenche kyng deuised with the duke of Berrey, 
 and manysshed greatly the duke of Bretayne and his assysters. The duke of Berrey 
 acorded to all his sayeng, but he dissymuled, for he thought the contrary. 
 
 The Frenche kyng hadde great affection to be reuenged of the dispyte that was done 
 to his coslable ; wherfore he' prepared hymselfe to go into Bretayne, and fyrst to go 
 into Anion to distroye and beate downe sir Peter of Craons castelles, for all that the 
 dukeof Bretayne sayd he had bought them; yet the kyng and his counsayle sayd it 
 was no poynt of the dukes heritage, but that the duke sayde so to excuse and to sus- 
 teyne sir Peter of Craon; wherfore personally he was in the kynges indignacyon; yet 
 in the same season a Ireatie of maryage was had bytwene the duke of Bretaygnes sone 
 and the kynges doughter. 
 
 f Chapter CLXXXIII. 
 
56S THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 In the meane season whyle this voyage was thus ordred, and 2;reat brute therof spoken 
 throughe all Frauce, there retourned to Paris the bysshoppe of Noyon and the lorde de 
 la Ryuer fro Foize and Bierne, and there shewed the kyng and his counsayle howe they 
 had spedde. They were well herde; but the voyage into Bretayne busyed so the kyng 
 and his counsayle, that they had no leysar to entede to any other mater ; and the kynge 
 wolde gladly that the constable had ben hole, that he might be able to ryde : and or the 
 kyng went fro Parys he comaunded to be beaten downe sir Peter of Craos house, that 
 stode in the churche yarde of saynt Johans, and than the kynge dyde gyue (he groude 
 to make a churche yarde of to burye in deed bodyes. The Frenche kyrig made his pro- 
 uisyon in the waye to Aniou, to Mayne, to Bretayne, and into Thourayne on the ryuer 
 of Loyre, to the entent to go into Bretayne ; none durst speke the contrary. 
 
 Renome was throughout all Paris and (it was well knowen) that sir Olyuer of Clisson, 
 costable of Frauce, whan he laye thus sicke of his hurtes, made his testament, to the en- 
 tente that his heyres shulde knowe y trouthe of euery thyng that he had, and where it 
 was : his heyres were two doughters : the one was maryed to Johan of Bretayne, erle 
 of Ponthieur ;" it was he that sir Olyuer had quytte out of prisone in Englade, and 
 payde for hym sixscore thousande frankes to the duke of Irelande, as it hath ben 
 shewed here before in this hystorie: and his seconde doughter was, or shulde be, 
 vicoutes of Rohan by reason of her husbade. The somme of the testament mounted to 
 the some of seuyntene hundred thousande frankes, besyde his herytage. Euery man y 
 herde therof had great marueyle howe he shulde gather toguider suche richesse, and 
 specially the dukes of Berrey and Burgoyne and their counsayls had great marueyle 
 therof, and spake largely and sayd : What the deuylll howe maye it be that the consta- 
 ble hath gadered togider so many floreyns and suche mouable goodes ? the kyng hymselfe 
 hath nat so moche: it maye well be beleued and knowen that he hath nat won all this 
 by no iust meanes. Thus the mater passed ; but suche as loued hym nat, thought ne- 
 uerlesse. Thus all suche as the kynge had written vnto prepared themselfe to go with 
 hym into Bretaygne. This voiage pleased nothynge the duke of Burgoyn: he sayd 
 this was a warre without reason, and that the conclusion therof coulde take no good 
 ende: nor the realme of Fraunce, nor the duchy of Bretayne, nor the lordes, knightes, 
 and squyers, in the, had nothynge to do with the warre bytwene sir Olyuer of Clysson 
 and sir Peter of Craon. What nede they, quod he, to take payne or traueyle to make 
 warre in their quarelles? we shulde rather suffre them and their owne me to greue 
 and make warre eche vpon other. The duke of Berrey was of the same opinyon ; but 
 they coude nat be herde nor beleued, for the kyng was cousayled contrary to their 
 opinyons, by suche as the kyng loued better than them. These dukes coude nat tell 
 howe to breke that enterprice ; and whan they sawe none other remedy, they obeyed, 
 but that was slouthfully ; howebeit, by the promocyon of the duke of Burgoyne, the 
 erle of Ostreuaunt was written vnto by the kynge to go with hym in this iourney with 
 thre hudred speares. The erle, who loued dedes of armes, prouyded hym to go with 
 the kynge, and whafie he was redy, and had assembled toguyder his company to his 
 great cost and charge, than he was countermaunded agayne, and that in no wyse he 
 shulde styrre. 
 
 ' Pentjiievre. 
 
 Howe 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 569 
 
 Hoive the duke of Thourayn, brother to the kyng, resigned the duchy of Thourayne 
 into the kynges handes ; and hoive hy exchange the kynge gaue hym the duchy of 
 Orhyauce, and so euer after he was called duke of Orlyaunce. 
 
 CAP. CLXXXVII.^ 
 
 IN the same season that the kyng was thus nij^he redy to cleparte out of Parys, to 
 shewe that he toke that busynesse as to hymselfe, there was an exchange made of landes 
 gretly to the profyte of the duke of Thourayne: for he resygned into the kynges handes 
 the duchy of Thourayne, and the kyng gaue hym the duchy of Orliaunce, in lyke maner 
 as auciently duke Philyp of Orlyaunce helde it, whiche was four tymes better in value 
 than the other was ; so thus fro hensforthe in this hystorie I shall name hym that was 
 duke of Thourayne, duke of Orlyauce. 
 
 Whan sir Olyuer of Clysson was all hole, and that he might ryde, the Frenche kyng 
 was right ioyfull, and said, howe he wolde tary no lengar ; and so on an euenyng he toke 
 his leaue of the quene Isabell his wyfe, and of the newe duchesse of Orlyaunce, and of 
 all other ladyes and damoselles, and so dyde the duke of Orlyauce in lykewise; than 
 they departed and rode to supper to Motague,'' and the duke of Burbone, the erle of 
 Namure, and the lorde of Coucy with hym : there the kyng laye and dyned there, and 
 after dyner they departed and laye all night at saynt Germayns, and there laye a seuyn 
 dayes ; and as than y kyng was somwhat diseased, and his phisicions wolde haue had 
 hym to haue rested hymselfe : but y kyng was so wyllyng in his iourney, that he sayde 
 howe he was moche better at his ease than he was in dede, whiche he dyde to oyue 
 corage to his men to set forwarde : for as tha his two vncles, the dukes of Berreyand 
 Burgoyne, were behynde, and shewed well by their maner that the same iourney greued 
 them, nor they wolde nat haue gone by their good wylles ; howebeit, they hadde made 
 their assemble, and to saue their honour they obeyed and folowed. 
 
 Whan the Frenche kyng hadde rested hym a fyftene dayes at saynt Germayns, and 
 that his armye was assembled, than he departed and passed the ryuer of Seyne, and toke 
 the waye to Charters, and so to Annens," a good towne and a castell parteyning to the 
 lorde de la Ryuer, as herytage of his wyues. With the kynge was his brother the duke 
 of Orlyaunce and the duke of Burbone. The lorde de la Ryuer receyued the kynge 
 honorably, and there taryed thre dayes, and than rode to Charters, where as Montague 
 Avas bysshoppe : the kynge was lodged in the bysshoppes palais, and the two dukes ; and 
 the seconde daye after, thyder came the duke of Berrey and the erle of Marche in his 
 copany ; and the fourth daye thider cae the duke of Burgoyne, wherof the kynge was 
 ryght ioyfull : and people came dayly, and the kyng sayd he wolde nat retourne to 
 Parys tyll he hadde brought the duke of Bretayne to reason, who so often tymes had 
 put hym to payne and trouble. The kynges counsayle hadde so sette hym on that 
 warre, that the dukes of Berrey and of Burgoyne wolde gladly haue modered y mater, 
 but they coulde nat be herde, wherwith they were sore displeased, and so were suche 
 as were of their cousayls ; and they said eche to other, that surely the mater coude nat 
 long endure in that state, for it is full lykely that the kynge and the realme shall haue 
 some busynesse to do, sithe the kyng refuseth the counsaile of his vncles, and leaneth 
 to other at his pleasure, who be nothyng lyke to the. Whan the kyng had taried at 
 
 Vol. II. 4 D Charters 
 
 • Chapter CLXXXIV. * " The house of." * Johnes says, Aumau. 
 
570 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 Charters a seuyn dayes, than he departed and toke y waye to Mans, and his men fo- 
 lowed, some fro farre partes, as out of Arthois, Beauuoys, Vermandois, and Picardy ; 
 and some said one to another: Ah, this duke of Bretayne maketh vs to haue moche to 
 do, and putteth vs to great payne and traueyle; he hath ben alwayes harde and highe 
 herted agaynst the crowne of Frauce, nor he neuer loued nor honored it; and his 
 cosyn the erle of Flaunders and the duchesse of Burgone (who haue alwayes borne hym 
 and as yet do) had nat ben, he had ben distroyed long ago, for euer syth the lorde Clys- 
 son tourned Frenche, he neuer loued him. Surelye by all likelyhode he is culpable of 
 this dede, for he hath alwayes susteyned syr Peter of Craon agaynst the kyng and 
 agaynst the Constable. Than other sayde : Lette the kyng alone, for as at this tyme he 
 hath y mater so at his hert, that he wyll bring the duke to reason, or he retourne. That 
 is trewe, quod other, if there be no trayson ; but we feare that all suche as go with the 
 kyng be nat enemies to y duke, as it may be well sene (if we durst speke il) by some 
 tokens ; for there be some that nyght and daye do Avhat they can to cousayle the kynge 
 to breke his voyage, whiche so troubleth the kyng that he can scant gette hymselfe any 
 helthe or recouery of his laste sickenesse. Thus knightes and squiers deuised among 
 theseife as they rode in their coutreys : styll the kyng aproched to the cytieofMans, 
 and there the kynge lodged in the castell and his lordes in y cytie, and his men of warre 
 abrode in the countrey : there the kyng taried a thre wickes, for he was sore vexed with 
 the feuer, and his phisicions sayde to his brother and to his vncles: My lordes, we en- 
 sure you ye do yuell to traueyle y kyng, for he is in no good state to ryde ; rest were 
 farre better for hym, for sythe he came fro the cytie of Amyens he hath nat hen in so 
 good helthe as he was before. They shewed this to the kynge, but he had so great 
 affection to go in this iourney, that he Avolde nother beleue them nor yet his phisycions, 
 but sayde : howe he founde more ease in Irauelyng than in restyng ; therfore whosoeuer 
 counsayle me the contrary shall nat please me, nor he loueth me nat. Other answere 
 they coulde nat haue of the kyng. Euery day the kyng wolde sytte in the myddes of 
 his counsayle tyll it was none, to thentent that none shulde laye any lette of his iour- 
 ney. Thus the kyng being at Mans, and somwhat to acomplysshe the desyers of his 
 vncles, lie sent four notable knightes to the duke of Bretayne, as sir Raynolde du Roy, 
 the lorde of Varensiers/ ihe lorde of Castell raorant, and sir Tapyneof Cautenell,'' cha- 
 teleyne of Gysors ; and they weie ciiarged to shewe the duke, howe the kyng and his 
 CDunsaile reputed that he dyde great offence to susteyne the kynges enemy and the 
 realmes, and to make amendes, that he shulde sede sir Peter of Craon to Mans to the 
 kyng, wherby meanes shulde be fouJe that he shulde take no domage nor his countrey 
 for all the kynges voyage. Thus they departed fro Mans with a xl. speres, and passed 
 through the cyte of Anglers, and at last came before the cytie of Nauntes, and entred, 
 and there founde the duke, who made them good cliere, and on a daye made them a 
 dyner, and than they dyde their message, and declared y kynges entent and his coun- 
 sayls ; whervnto the duke answered wisely and sagely, and said : Howe it shulde be 
 harde for hym to delyucr sir Peter of Craon ; and sayd, as god myght helpe hym in all 
 his bnsynesse, he knewe nat where he was ; wherfbre he desyred them in that case to 
 holde hym excused ; but he sayde he had well herde of hym a yere past, that he loued 
 nat sir Olyuer of Clysson, but wolde make him mortal 1 warre to his power, whatsoeuer 
 cnde came therof ; and at that tyme I demannded of hym ii he had gyuen sir Olyuer 
 knowledge therof; and he sayd he had vlterly defyed and wolde siee hym if he coude, 
 outher by daye or by nyght, wlieresoeuer he coude fynde hym. 01 his dedes I knowe 
 no further ; wherfore I haue marueyle that the kynge wyll make warre agaynst me for 
 his cause; for as to the couynauntes of luaryage bvtwene our chvldren, by the grace of 
 
 God, 
 
 ' Q'. Gamsiers ? '^ Cantemelle. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 57 1 
 
 God, shall nat be broken on my parte: wherfore I haue clone nothynge to hym nor to 
 his counsaile, tlial he shulde make warre agaynst me. This was the aunswere that the 
 duke made to the Frenche kynges messangers ; and so whan they hadde taryed a daye 
 at Naiintes, than they toke their leaue and departed, and retourned to Mans to y kyng, 
 who thought longe tyll he herde their aunswere: and as ye haue herde before, they de- 
 clared it to y kyng and his coi^isayle. The dukes of Berrey and of Burgoyne were well 
 cotent with y answere, and sayd it was reasonable: but the kyng by reason of suche en- 
 formacion as he had, sayde the contrary; and sayd, sithe he was so forewarde in his 
 iourney, he wolde nat returne agayne into Fraunce, nor to Parys, tyll he had brought 
 the duke of Bretayne to reason. Gladly the two dukes of Berrey and Burgoyne wolde 
 haue modered that voiage, but they might nat be herde, for the kyng had taken suche 
 displeasure with the duke of Bretayn, bicause he susteyned sir Peter ofCraon, that no 
 excusacion coulde be taken. The same tyme a brute ranne in Fraunce, that the quene 
 ofAragon, my lady yolant of Bare, cosyn germayne to the frenche kynge, had in pri- 
 son in the cytie of Barcylona, a knyght that no man knewe his name: men supposed it 
 had ben syr Peter of Craon : this queue had writen right amyably to the kynge, sygny- 
 fyenge hym that the lyfte diy of the moneth of July, a knyght in good estate and aray 
 came to Barcylona, to haue past the see, and had hyred for his money a shyppe, (as he 
 sayd,) to haue sayled into Napoles; and bycause we kepe our passages that no straunger 
 shall passe without he be knowen what he is, and this knyght wyll nat shewe his name, 
 therfore we kepe hym in prisone, and by the abasshment that Ave se in him, we thynke 
 surely it be the same person ye wolde so fayne haue ; therfore we write to you therof, 
 that ye shulde sende some person hyther, suche as knoweth sir Peter of Craon, to se if 
 it be he or nat: for whatsoeuer he be, he shall nat be delyuered tyll we haue aunswere 
 fro you ; and I wolde that these tydynges might be agreable to you and to your coun- 
 sayle, as knoweth the holy goost, who preserue you. Writen at Parpygnan, the 
 nynth day of July, by yolante of Bare, quene of Aragon and of Maiolles,^ and 
 lady Sardyne and Sardane.'' And on the superscrypcion, to the redouted kynge of 
 Fraunce. 
 
 These tydynges somewhat modered dyuers mennes hartes, so that they were nere at 
 tlie poynte to haue broken their voyage ; howebeit, suche as were sir Olyuer of Clys- 
 sons Irendes sayde, that those tydynges were but fayned tales, made and deuysed to 
 breke the kynges voyage, sayenge : that sir Peter of Craon was in none other prisone, 
 but with the duke of Bret.ayne, who hath susteyned hym and dothe. Of the quene of 
 Aragons lettre the kynge made but lyght, sayenge it was but trayson and fables. Than 
 the duke of Burgoyne sayd : Syr, yet at leste to apease my nese the quene ofAragon, 
 and for the delyiieraunce of the knight that is there in prisone, who peraduenture is 
 nothynge gylty of this trespas, sende vnto her that she may be contente with you and 
 with vs^ 1 am content therwidi, quod the kynge, to please you: but I beleue surely 
 the traytour syr Peter of Craon is in none other Barcylona nor prisone, but aboute the 
 duke of Bretayne : and by my faythe that I owe to saint Denyce, he shall ones make 
 acompt therof There coulde no man turne the kynge fro the opinyon but that syr 
 Peter of Craon was with the duke of Bretaygne. The duke of Bretayne, who was well 
 enfourmed of all this busynesse, thought hymselfe nat well assured, for he sawe well the 
 dukes of Berrey and Burgoyne coulde nat bring their purpose aboute, for syr Olyuer of 
 Clyssons frendes led the kynge as they lyste. Than the duke prouyded for to kepe his 
 townes and garysons ; howebeit, he durst kepe no towne except Wannes, Campell, 
 Doll, Camper,^ Lermyn, Coratyne," and Susement ;■= and he wrote to suche knyghtes 
 
 4 D 2 and 
 
 ^Majorca. " Lady of Sardinia. <^ Quimperlee. ^ Quimper-corentin; 
 
 ' Succinic. — Johnes. 
 
572 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 and squyers as he thought shulde ayde him, but they all dissymuled with hym, bycause 
 they knewe that the French kyng was so sore displeased with hym ; and also they thought 
 it was nat a thynge couenable for the duke to susteyne syr Peter of Craon agaynst the 
 constable of Frauce as he dyd. The duke in a maner repented hym that he had done so 
 moche ; howebeit, his corage and herte was so hygh that he dysdayned to speke it, but 
 sayde if the kynge came into Bretayne, as it semed he wolde do, at the begynnynge he 
 wolde let hym alone, and thanne shall I se who be my frendes or foos ; I wyll nat be to 
 hasty to make him warre, and whan he weneth to be at most rest, than wyll I awake 
 hym, if I can nat be agreed with hym by loue. Thus the duke deuysed somtyme with his 
 counsayle, and thought surely he shulde haue warre ; howebeit, he had nat, for the 
 maters tourned otherwyse to his great aduauntage ; therfore it is an olde prouerbe : he is 
 nat poore y is happy. This duke was fortunate, by reason of a pytuous incydence that 
 fell sodaynly on the frenche kynge, for otherwyse the duke was nat lykely to haue 
 scaped all daiigers, and to haue lyued in peace as he dyd. 
 
 Whan the Frenche kynge had taryed the space of thre wekes in the cytie of Mans, 
 and the knyghtes retourned that he had sent into Bretayne : Than he sayd, syth he had 
 herde the dukes answere, he wolde no lenger tary there, for he sayd the taryenge there 
 greatly displeased him, and wolde passe forthe into Bretaygne to se his enemys, that 
 was the duke of Bietaygne, who susteyd the traytour syr Peter of Craon ; the entencyon 
 of the kynge was, that if any knyghtes and squyers came agaynst hym, or that he founde 
 any townes closed, he wolde putdowne y duke for euer, and set a gouernour in the coun- 
 trey tyll the dukes chyldren were of lawfuU age, and dian rendre to them the herytage, 
 and the duke neuer to haue any parte therof. This opinyon the king helde styll, and 
 no man coude put hym therfro ; and thus on a fayre daye aboute ten of the clocke the 
 kynge departed fro the cytie of Mans, and had comaunded his marshalles the nyght be- 
 fore to cause all his armye bothe before and behynde to dysloge and to drawe to Angers, 
 and sayde that he wolde nat retourne tyll he had ben in Bretayne and dystroyed the 
 traytours that had put hym to so moche payne and trouble. The marshalles dyd the 
 kinges comaundement. The day that the king departed was marueylous hoote, for the 
 Sonne as than naturally was in his cheife force : and to the entent to declare the trout's of 
 euery thyng, the same season that the kynge lay at Mans, he was sore traueylec .\ith 
 dayly syttynge in counsayle, and also he was nat perfytely ho'.e nor had nat ben all that 
 season ; lie was feble in his brayne and heed, and dyd eate oi driiike but lytell, and nygh 
 dayly was in a hoote feuer, so that he was gretly anoyed and payned: and also for the 
 dyspieasure that he had for the constables hurte, he was full of malencoiy, and his spi- 
 ryies sore troubled and traueyled: and that his physicions spyed well, and so dyd his 
 vncles, but they coulde nat remedy it, for no man durste counsayle hym to breke his 
 voyage uito Bretaygne: and as it was enfourmed me, as he rode forwarde in the forest 
 of Mans, a great sygnifycacyon fell to hym, by the whiche if he had doone well, he 
 shulde haue called his counsayle aboute hym, and well aduysed hymselfe or he had 
 gone any further. Sodaynly there came to the kynge a poore man, bare heeded, bare 
 legged, and bare footed, and on his body a poore whyte cote : he semed rather to be a 
 foole than wyse, and boldely sodaynly he toke the brydell of the kynges horse in his 
 handes, and stopped the horse, and sayd : Syr kyng, ryde no further forward for thou 
 arte betrayed. Those wordes entred into the kynges heed, wherby he was worse dys- 
 posed in his helthe than he was before, so that his herte and his blode was moued. 
 Than the kinges seruauntes strake so the poore man that he lette the kynges horse go, 
 and made no more of his wordes than of a fooles spekyng, whiche was foly, as dyuers 
 men sayde: lor at the leste they shulde haue better examyned the man, and to haue 
 sene if he had ben a naturall foole or no, and to haue knowen fro whence he came ; but 
 
 they 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 573 
 
 they dyde nat so, but lefte hym behynde, and he was neuer sene after to any mannes 
 knowledge: but suche as were nere to the kyuge herde hym speke these wordes. The 
 kynge passed forthe, and aboute twelue of the clocke the kynge passed out of the forest, 
 and came into a great playne all sandy: the soime also was in his heyght and shone 
 bright, whose rayes were marueyiously hote, wherby the horses were soie chafed, and 
 all suche persons as were armed were sore oppressed with heat. The knyghtes rode 
 togyther by companyes, some here and some there, and tlie kynge rode somwhat aparte 
 bycause of the duste: and the duke of Berrey, and the duke of Burgoyne, rode on his 
 lefte hande talkynge togyther, an acre brede of lande of fro the kynge ; other loides, as 
 the erle of Marche, sir Jaques of Burbone, syr Charles de la Bretlie." syr Phylyppe 
 Darthoys, sir Henry and sir Pliylip of Bare, syr Peter of Nauer, and other knyghies, 
 rode by companyes ; the duke of Burbon, the lorde Coucy, syr Charles Dangers, the 
 baron Dyury, and dyuers other, rode on before the kynge, and nat in his company, 
 and they deuised and talked togyther, and toke no hede of that fell sodaynly on the 
 chefe personage of the company, whiche was on the kynges owne persone: therfore the 
 workes of god are marueylous, and his scourges are cruell and are to be douted of all 
 creatures. There hath been sene in the olde testament, and also in the newe, many 
 fygures and examples therof; we rede howe Nabugodonosor, kynge of Assyryens, who 
 reygned a season in suche tryumphant glory, that there was none lyke hym, and so- 
 daynly in his greatest force and glory, the souerayne kynge our lorde god kynge of 
 Heuen and of erthe, fourmer and ordeyner of all thynges, aparelled this sayd kynge in 
 suche wyse that he lost his wytte and reygne, and was seuen yere in that estate, and 
 lyued by acornes and mast that fell fro the okes, and other wylde appels and frutes, and 
 hadde tast but as a bore or a swyne ; and after he had endured this penauce god restored 
 hym agayne to his memory and wytte ; and than he sayde to Danyell the prophet, that 
 there was none other god, but the god of Israeli; nowe the father, the sonne, and the 
 holy goost, thre persones in one god, hath ben, is, and euer shall he as puissaunt to 
 shewe his warkes as euer he was, wherfore no man shulde marueyle of any thyng that 
 he dothe. Nowe to the purpose why I speke all these wordes. A great influence fro 
 heuen fell the sayd daye vpon the frenche kynge, and as dyuers sayd, it was his owne 
 faute : for acordynge to the dysposicyon of his body, and the state that he was in, and 
 the warnyng that his physicyons dyd gyue hym, he shulde nat haue rydden in suche a 
 hoote day, at that houre, but rather in the mornynge and in the euenynge in the fresshe 
 ayre: wherfore it was a shame to them that were nere aboute hym, to snffre or to cousayle 
 hym to do as he dyd. Thus as the frenche kynge rode vpon a fayre playne in the heate 
 of the Sonne, whiche was as than of a marueylous heyght, and the kynge had on a iacke 
 couered with blacke veluet, whiche sore chafed hym, and on his heed a syngle bonet of 
 scarlet, and a chapelet of great perles, whiche the queue h:td gyuen hym at his depar- 
 ture, and he had a page that rode behynde hym, bearynge on his heed a chapewe of 
 Montaban, bright and clere shynynge agaynst the sonne: and behynde that page rode 
 another bearing the kynges speare. paynted redde, and frynged with sylke, with a sharpe 
 heed of stele; the lorde de la Ryuer had brought a dosyn of them with hym fro Tho- 
 louse, and that was one of them : he had gyuen the hole dosyn to the king, and the 
 kynge had gyuen thre of theym to his brother the duke of Orlyaunce, and thre to the 
 duke of Burbon ; and as they rode thus forth, the page that bare the speare, whether it 
 were by neclygence, or that he fell aslepe, he lette the speare fall on the other pages 
 heed that rode before hym, and the heed of the speare made a great classhe on the bright 
 chapewe of stele: the kynge, (who rode but afore them,) with the noyse sodaynly 
 started, and his herte trymbled, and ioto his imagynacion ranne the inpressyon of the 
 
 wordes 
 
 " D'Albret. 
 
574 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART 
 
 worcles of the man that stopped his horse in the forest of Mans, and it ran into his 
 thoujiht, that his eneinyes lanne after hym to slee and distroy him: and with that ahu- 
 syon he fell out of his wytte by feblenesse oi' his heed, and dasshcd his spores to his 
 horse, and drewe ont the sworde, and tourned to his pag;es, hauynge no knowledge of 
 any man, wenynge in hymselfe to be in a batayle inclosed with his encmyes, and lyfte 
 vp his sworde to stryke, he cared nat where, and cryed and sayd : On, on vpon these 
 traytours ! Whan the pages sawe the kynge so inflamed with ire, they tooke good hede 
 to themselfe, as it was tyme ; they thought the kynge had ben dyspleased bycanse the 
 speare fell downe : thanne they stepte away fro the kynge. The duke of Orleaunce was 
 nat as thane farre of fro the kynge. The kynge came to hym with his naked sAvorde in 
 his hande ; the kynge was as than in snche a fransey, and his herte so feble, that he no- 
 ther knewe brother nor vncle. Whan the duke of Orlyaunce sawe the kynge commynge 
 on hym with his sworde naked in his hande, he was abasshed, and wolde nat abyde hym ; 
 he wyste nat what he mente, he dasshed his spurres to his horse and rode awaye, and the 
 kynge after hym. The duke of Rurgoyne, who rode a lytell waye of fro the kynge, 
 ■whan he herde the russhyng of the horses, and herde the pages crye, he regarded that 
 waye, and sawe howe the kynge with his naked sworde chased his brother the duke of 
 Orlyaunce, he was sore abasshed and sayd : Out, harowe, what myschife is this, the 
 kynge is nat in his ryght mynde, god helpe hym ; flye away nephewe, flye away, for 
 the kynge wolde slee you. The duke of Orlyance Avas nat well assured of himselfe, and 
 fledde awaye as faste as his horse myght beare hym, and knyghies and squyers folowed 
 after, euery man began to drawe thyder : such as were farre of, thought they had chased 
 an hare or a wolfe, tyll at last they herde that the kynge was nat well in his mynde. 
 The duke of Orlyance saued hymselfe. Than men of armes came all aboute the kynge, 
 and suff"red hym to wery hymselfe, and the more that he traueyled the feblerhewas: 
 and whan he strake at any man, they wolde fall downe before the stroke ; at this matter 
 there was no hurte, but many ouerthrowen, for there was none that made any defence. 
 Fynally, whan the kyng was well weryed, and his horse sore chafed Avith swete and great 
 heate, a knyght of Normandy, one of the kynges chamberlaynes, Avhome the kynge 
 loued very well, called Gyllyam Martell, he came behynde the kyng sodaynely and 
 tooke hym in his armes, and helde hym styll ; than all other aproched, and toke the 
 SAVorde out of his handes, and tooke hym downe fro his horse, and dyd of his iacke to 
 refresshe hym : than came his brother, and his thre vncles, but he had clene lost the 
 knowledge of tliem, and rolled his eyen in his heed marueylously, and spake to no 
 man. The lordes of his blode were sore abasshed, and wyste nat Avhat to say or do. 
 Than the dukes of Beney and of Burgoyne sayde, it behoueth vs to retourne to Mans, 
 this voyage is doone for this tyme; they sayde nat as moche as they thought, but they 
 shewed it ryght well after Avhan they came to Parys, to suche as they loued nat, as ye 
 shall here after. 
 
 Reasonably to consydre all tliinges acordynge to the trouthe, it Avas great pytie that 
 the french kyng, (who as at that tyme was reputed for the moste noble and puyssaunt 
 kynge in all crystendome,) fell so sodaynly out of his mynde without remedy, but as 
 god wolde : than the kynge Avas layde in a horse lyttoure, and so brought backe agayne 
 to the cytie of Mans. Than the marshalles gaue knowledge to all the armye that they 
 shulde retourne, and howe that the voyage was broken as at that tyme : some had know- 
 lege why, and some nat. The nyght that the kynge came to Mans, the physicyons had 
 moche ado Avith hym, and the lordes of the blode royall had great trouble. Euery man 
 spake than in dyuers maners : some sayd that suche as hadde the rule aboute the kynge 
 had poysoned hym, to brynge the realme of Fraunce into shame and trouble. These 
 ivordcs multyplyed in suche wyse that the duke of Orlyance and his vncles, and other 
 
 lordes 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 575 
 
 lordes oi the blode royall noted them, and spake toiyther and sayde : Howe saye you 
 syrs, liaue ye nat herde these wordes, and howe nieiine do murmure in dyuers places 
 vpon theyni tliat hath had the goucrnaunce of the kyn<;e ? some sayllie he shukle be 
 poysoned: lette vs sertche howe this uiaye be knowen. Than some ot them sayde howe 
 it shuldc be best knowen by the physycyons: they ouglu to knowe it, lor they are ac- 
 quaynted with his complexcyon. The physicyons were sent for and exaniyned. They 
 answered howe the kyng of longc tymj had engcndred the same malady, for we knewe 
 well the wekenes of his brayne wolde sore tronble hym, and at laste shewe itselfe; we 
 haue sayde as moche before this tyme. Than the duke of Burgoyne sayde: Syrs, it is 
 trewe, and therin ye dyd well acquyte yjurselfe, but he wolde neviher beleue you nor 
 vs, his affectyon was so sore sette vpon this voyage: it was dcuysed in an yuell tyme: 
 this voyage hathe dyshonoured vs all : it had been better that Clysson, and all those of 
 his aflynyte, had ben deed many a daye agonc, rather than the kynge to haiie taken this 
 malady: these tydynges shall sprede abrode in many places, and seyng y he is but a 
 yonge man, the blame shall be iayde in vs that be his vncles, and of his blode ; men wyll 
 saye that we shulde otherwyse haue connsayled hym , thus we shall be laide in the faute 
 without cause. But sirs, quod the duke, yesterday whan he wente to dyner, were ye 
 with hym ? The physicyons aunswered and sayd yes. Dyd he eale his meate well, 
 quod the duke ? No certaynly, quod they, he dyd eate and drinkc but lytle, but sate 
 and mused. And who gaue hym drinke last, quod the duke ? Syr, quod they, we 
 canne nat tell you that, for as soone as the table was taken vp, we departed and made 
 vs redy to ryde, but his chamberlavns or butlers canne tell that best. Than Robert de 
 Tulles, a squyer of Pycardy, was sent for, and demanded who gaue the kynge drinke 
 laste ? Syrs, quod he, syr Robert of Lygnac. Than he was sent for. Than he was 
 enquyred where he had the wyne that the kynge dranke last of in his chambre whan he 
 wente to his horse ? Syr, quod he, here is Roberte of Tulles and I : we toke the saye" 
 in the presence of the kinge. That is trewe, quod Roberte of Tulles, ye nede nat 
 doute therin, nor haue no suspeciousnesse, for as yet there is of the same wyne in the 
 flagons, wherof we wyll drinke and assaye before you. Than the duke of Berrey sayd, 
 this nede nat, for surely the kynge is nat poysoned; his malady procedeth ol yuell 
 counsayle ; it is no tyme to speke of this mater nowe, let all alone tyll another 
 season. 
 
 Thus after this maner tliese lordes departed eche fro other that nyght, and went to 
 their lodgynge. Than the kynges vncles had ordeyncd four knyghtes of honour to 
 wayte aboute the kynge, as syr Raynolde du Roy, syr Raynolde of Toyc,'' the lorde 
 Grauseers,*" and sir Guyllyam of JNIarte,'' and the kynges vncles sent comanndement to 
 the lorde de la Ryner, and to syr Joiih Mercyer, to Montagu, to the Begue of Vyl- 
 layns, to syr Guyllyam ofBordes, and to syr Helyon of Lygnac, that they shulde in no 
 wyse come aboute the kynge tyll he were in better estate. The nexte daye the kynges 
 vncles came to se the kynge, and founde hym ryght feble ; than they dcmaunded what 
 rest he had taken that nyght. They were answered, but small rest. 1 liat is poore 
 newes, quod the duke of Burgoyn. And than to them came the duke of Orlyance, and 
 so went all togyder to the kvnge, and demaunded of hym howe he dyd. He gaue none 
 aunswere, and loked straungely on them, and had loste clene the knowledge of them. 
 These lordes were sore abasshed, and comuned togyder and sayde: We haue no more 
 here to do, the kyng is in an herde case, we do him more trouble than ayde or good; 
 lette vs recomaunde hym to his chaumberlayns and physicyons, they canne best take 
 hede to hym: lette vs go study howe the realme maye be gouerued, or els thinges wyll 
 
 go 
 • J. e. First tasted it. " De Trie. * Garenciers. * MarteL 
 
576 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 go amysse. Than ihe duke of Burgoyne sayd to the duke of Berrey : Fayre brother, it 
 is best we drawe to Parys, and ordayne to haue the kyiige easely brought thyder, for 
 better we shall take hedeon hym there than here in these partyes : and whan we be there 
 let vs asseble all the counsayle of Fraunce, and ordeyne wlio shall haue the gouernauce 
 of the realme, the duke of Orlyaunce or we. That is well sayde, quod the duke of 
 Berrey: it were good we studyed where were best to haue the kynge to lye that he 
 myght thesoner recouer his helth. Tiian it was deuysed that he shulde be brought to 
 the castell of Crayell, where is good ayre, and a fayre countrey on the ryuer of Oyse. 
 Whan this was ordeyned, than all the men of warre had leaue to departe, and were 
 comaunded by the marshalles euery man to retourne peasably into his owne countrey, 
 without doynge of any vyolence or domage to the countreys as they shulde passe 
 through; and if any dyd, their lordes and capytayns to make amendes. And the 
 kynges two vncles, and the chauncellour of Fraunce, senle anone soundry messangers 
 to the good cyties and townes of Fraunce, that they shulde take good hede to kepe well 
 their townes, consyderynge that the kynge was nat well dysposed in his helthe. Their 
 comaundementes were fulfylled. The people of the realme of Fraunce were sore 
 abasshed whan they knew howe the king was fallen sycke and in a fransey, and menne 
 spake largely agaynste them that counsayled the kynge to go into Bretaygne : and some 
 other sayde, howe the kynge was betrayed by them that bare the duke of Bretaygne, and 
 syr Peter Craon, agaynst the kyng. Men coulde nat be lette, but that they wolde speke : 
 the mater was so hygh that wordes ranne therof dyuersely. Thus fynally the kyng was 
 brought to Crayell, and there lefte, in the kepynge of his physicyons, and of the sayde 
 four knyghtes. Than euery man departed. And it was commaunded to hyde and to 
 kepe secrete the kynges malady fro the knovvlege of the queue for a seasone, for as than 
 she was great with chylde ; and all of her courte were comaunded to kepe it secrete on 
 payne of great punysshement. Thus the kynge was at Crayell, in the marches of Seu- 
 lis and of Compyen, on the ryuer of Oyse, and kept by the sayd knyghtes and physy- 
 cions, who gaue hym medicyns, but for all that he recouered but lytell helth. 
 
 Howe the dukes of Burgoi/n and Berrey, vncles to the kynge, had the gouernaunce 
 of the realme : and howe they chased and toke suche as gouerned the kynge before. 
 
 CAP. CLXXXIX-^" 
 
 IN this seasone there was in y realme of Fraunce a wyse and a sage physicyon ; the 
 brewte was, that there was none lyke hym, and he was well beloued with the lorde 
 Coucy, he was natyue of his countrey ; as at that tyme his abydyng was in the cyte of 
 Laon : he was called mayster Guylliam of Harsley ; whan he knewe fyrste the kynges 
 malady, and by whataccydent he fell sycke, he sayd, as he that thought hymselfe to 
 Icnowe the kynges complexyon, howe this maladye is fallen to the kynge through faute: 
 his complexyon holdeth to moche of y moyster of the see.*" These wordes were reported 
 to the lorde Coucy, who was as than at Paris with the duke of Orlyance, and with y 
 kinges vncles : for as than the cousayle of Frauce, the noble men and prelates, were at 
 Paris, to determyne who shulde haue the gouernaunce of the realme as longe as the 
 kyng shulde be in y malady, outlier his brother the duke of Orlyance, or his two vncles, 
 
 or 
 
 f Chapter CLXXXV. '' This is a ridiculous error. — In the original the words are " il tient trop 
 
 de la moiteur de mere" mother. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 577 
 
 or one of the : vpon this comunycacion they were a xv. dayes or they agreed. Fynally 
 it was conchided, bycause the duke of'Orlyaunce was very yonge to take on hym so 
 great a charge, that the dukes of Berrey and Burgoyne shulde haue the gouernaunce of 
 the realme, and specyally the duke of Burgoyne: and that the duches of Burgoyne 
 shulde be aboute the queue, and to be as seconde person. Tlius as I haue sayde before, 
 the lorde of Coucy shewed to the kynges vncles the great wysdome and practyse of the 
 sayd physycion, mayster Guyllyam Harseley. Whan the dukes herde that, theysente 
 for hym, and so he came to Parys ; and than the lorde of Coucy presented hym to the 
 kynges vncles, and sayd : My lordes, beholde here is mayster Guyllyam Harseley, that 
 I sheAved you of. He is ryght welcome, quod the dukes ; they receyued him and made 
 him good chere, and ordeyned hym to go to Crayeli to vysyte the kynge, and to abyde 
 aboute hym tyll he hadde recouered his helthe. Than the sayd mayster at their co- 
 maundement went to Crayeli to the kynge, and had the chiefe ouersyghtof mynystryng 
 any thynge to the kyng: and he sawe well the kynges malady was curable, and sawe 
 howe he had taken it by reasone of feblenesse of his herte and heed, and through faute, 
 therfore he dyd his dylygence to recouer his helthe. 
 
 The tydynges of the kynges malady spred farre abrode, but whosoeuer was sorye, ye 
 maye well knowe the duke of Bretaygne, nor syr Peter of Craon, wepte neuer a deale, 
 nor had no great sorowe. Also whan pope Bonyface of Rome, and his cardynals, 
 knewe the trouthe, they were right ioyfuli, and drewe togyther in consistory, and 
 sayde howe their greatest enemy the Frenche kynge was beaten with a cruell rodde, 
 seyng god had taken fro hym his wytte; and sayde howe that influence was sente to hym 
 fro heuen to chastyce hym withall, bycause he had so moche susteyned the pope at 
 Auignon: therfore this cruell plage was sent to hym to cause the hole realme to be better 
 aduysed, therfore they sayd their quarell was the stronger : and truely to haue wysely 
 consydred euery thynge it was a great token to haue caused the cardynalles at Auygnon 
 to haue been aduysed, but they made but lytell force therof, nother to the honour of 
 god, nor to the realme: for the pope at Auignon and his cardynalles sayde: howe by 
 reasone that the kynge was yonge, and wolde haue his owne wyll, therby he is fallen 
 into this malady through faute: for suche as haue had the rule aboute hym, haue nat 
 doone their duetie, but haue suffred hym to rynne on the bridell, and to ryde nyght 
 and daye excessyuely in traueylynge of his body out of measure ; therfore suche as hath 
 had the rule ought to be charged therwith, and none other, for it is through their faulte: 
 for if they had ordred hym in his youthe, and so contynued by a reasonable regement, 
 and haue folowed the counsayle of his vncles, this syckenesse had nat fallen to hym 
 nowe ; also he hath broken his promesse against reason, for he promysed the yere passed 
 and sware by the wordesof a kynge, that he wolde so ordayne todystroy the antepape at 
 Rome, and his cardynals, and to subdue the sysme of the churche, and to sette the 
 maters that be in trouble in good estate, whiche is nothynge doone, but hathe doone 
 contrary to his promesse, wherwith god is dyspleased, and to cause hym better to ad- 
 uyse himselfe, he hathe punysshed hym with this cruell rodde; and it he retourne to 
 helthe, as he may well do, than it shall behoue vs to sende to him sufficyent legates, 
 to shewe hym wysely the defaute and brekyng of his promesse, that he forgette it nat by 
 reason of our neclygece. 
 
 Thus the pope and his cardynalles at Auignon spake and comuned toguyder, and 
 layde the defaute of the kynges malady on the counsayle of France, and on suche as 
 were about the kynge in his chambre. Of the same oppinyon were many other folkes 
 in the realme of Fraunce. They that were about the kynge sente the kynges ofFrynge 
 
 Vol. II. 4 E ' to 
 
578 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 to a towne called Aiesnecke," in the countie of Heynaulte, bytwene Cambrey and Va- 
 lencennes; in the whiche towne there was a Churclie, parteyninge loan abbey of saynt 
 Waste in AriMsce," wherin there lyelh a saynt, called saint Acquayre, of whom there 
 is a shrine of syliier, whiche pyigrimage is sought furre and nere for the malady of 
 frasey : thyder was sente a man of waxe, representynge the Frenche kynge. and was 
 humbly offred to the saynt, that he niyght be meaneto God, to asswage the kyno-es 
 malady, and to sende him helthe. In lykeuise the kynges ofTrynge was sente to saynt 
 Hermyer, in Roniayes,' whiche saynt had mer) te to heale the fransey. And in lyke- 
 wise ofllVynges were sent ito other places for y same entent. Wha the tidynges were 
 come into Englande, the kynge and his counsayle were sore troubled iherwith, and 
 specially the duke of Lancastre : and he sayd to suche knyghtes and squyers as were 
 aboute hym : Syrs, surely it is great pytie of the Frenche kynge, for he seined to be a 
 man of great enterprice, and of great desyre to do well: he sayde to me at Auiyence 
 whan I departed fro hym : Fayre cosyn of Lancastre, 1 desyre you hertely to do your 
 dylygence, that a ferme peace maye be made bytwene our nephue the kynge of Eng- 
 lande and vs, and oure realmes, to the entent that we myght go togyder agnynst La- 
 morabaquyn,* who hath conquered the realme of Armony," and dothe th:it he can 
 to distroye Christendome ; by our goyng thider our faithe shukle be exalted, and 
 we are all boude therto; and nowe by the Frenche kynges malady the mater is sore 
 letted and hyndred, for he shall neuer be of the credence he was of before. All that 
 herde the duke sayde: It was trewe, and that it was lyke to be great trouble in 
 Fraunce. 
 
 Thus all maner of people, bothe farre and nere, spake and deuysed of the kynges 
 maladye: and the kyng laye styll at Crayle, in the kepynge of the foresaid knyghtes, 
 and ofmaister Guyllyam of Harsely ; and no man spake with the kynge, norentred into 
 the castell, but suche as were ordayned therto. Somtyme the duke of Orlyaunce, and 
 the duke of Burbone, came thyder to visyte the kynge, and the dukes of Berrey and of 
 Burgoyne, laye styll at Parys, and had done nothynge of newe ; but they were in pur- 
 pose shortely to do somwhat agaynst suche as they loued nat, bycause they hadde been 
 alwayes harde to them before : and the duke of Berrey said to the duke of Burgoyne: 
 Brother, le Ryuer, Clysson, le Mercyer, and the Begue ofVillayns, whan they were 
 with the kynge in Languedocke, cruelly they punysshed to dethe my treasourer and 
 good seruaunt Betysache by enuy: and for all that I coude do or saye, I coulde nat gette 
 hym out ol their handes, nor saue his lyfe ; therfore nowe let them beware of me, for 
 I shall paye them agayn with the same money, forged in y same forge. In lykewise the 
 duke of Burgoyne coude nat lone them that gouerned the kyng, for euer whaiie he had 
 any busynesse to do in the courte, they were euer agaynst hym. Also the same tyme 
 the duchesse of Burgoyne, who was a cruell lady, was about the quene as chefe ruler, 
 and non spake with the quene but by her meanes. 
 
 This lady hated mortally sir Olyuer of Clyssone, for loue of the duke of Bretayne, 
 for he was nere of blode to her: and oftentymes she spake to the duke her husbande, 
 sayeng howe he was greatlye to blame to beare so moche sir Olyuer of Clisson, agaynst 
 so myghtie a prince as the duke of Bretaygne. And the duke of Burgoyne, who was a 
 colde, a sage, and an ymaginatyue prince, and dyde his busynesse alwayes at length, 
 and wolde nat wyllyngbringe the realme of Fraunce into trouble, but alwayes wyllyng 
 to kepe all parties in loue and peace, as nere as he myght; and also as he y was neuer 
 wyllyng to displease any of y great lordes, answered right sagely and wysely to his wy fe : 
 
 Dame, 
 
 ! Haspres*-- JoA«as. » Arras. f Rouais. ^ Amurath. ' Armenia. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 579 
 
 Dame, quod he, it is good in all tymes sowhat to dissymule a mannes displeasure: true 
 itisourcosyn ofBretayneis agreatlorde, and hath seignorie and puissaunce ynough 
 agaynst sir Olyuer of Clysson ; if I hadde taken his parte agaynst Clysson, it shulde 
 greatly haiie weaked the realme of Fraunce, for sir Olyuer of Clyssone saythe and sus- 
 Tayneth, that all the hate that he hath to the duke of Bretaygne, is tosustayne vp the 
 realme of Fraunce, Avherin we haue great parte; and also this is the comon renonie in 
 France: also, (as yet,) 1 hane sene no artycle wherin I shulde take parte with my cosyn 
 of Bretaygne agaynst sir Olyuer of Clysson : therfore it hath behoued me to dissymule, 
 or elles I coude nat haue had the good wyll of y kyng. nor of the realme, wherto I am 
 more boude by faillie and seruyce^ than to y duke of Bretaygne : nowe it is so that the 
 kyng is nat in good case, (as ye knowe well,) and all this is agaynst the lorde Clisson, 
 and shal be ; and to suche as haue gyuen coiisayle agaynst vs, my brother of Berrey and 
 me, that the kyng shulde procede^'in his iourney to Bretaygne, the rodde is gadered 
 wherwith they shall be shortely beaten and corrected, as ye shall breuely here, if ye 
 wyll take a lytell pacif-ce. Dame, dame, there is no season but at last is payde ; nor 
 no fortune, but that somtyme tourneth ; nor herte troubled, but somtyme agayne re- 
 ioyceth ; nor none that is ioyfull, but somtyme is sorie and troubled. Clysson, le Ry- 
 uer, Montague, le Mercyer, and le Vyilayns, they haue done yuell, and that shal be 
 shewed them breuely. With suche lyke wordes the duke of Burgoyne, and the 
 duchesse his wyfe, sported the toguyder. 
 
 On a daye it happed that y duke of Burgoyne, and the duke of- Berrey, comuned se- 
 cretely togyder, and sayde : It were tyme that we began to distroye them that haue dis- 
 honored our nephue the kynge, and haue ledde hym at their wylles; and first let vs 
 begyn at the costable, he is y grettest and hath most to lese, for this other daye he made 
 his testament of seuyntene hudred thousade frankes. Where the deuyll hath he ga- 
 dered toguyder all that richesse ? and yet the maryage of his doughter toJohanof Bre- 
 tayne, w-hom he delyuered out of prison in Englad, and payde for his rausome two hu- 
 dred thousande frankes of Englande. Let vs se what poyntes we can lay to him by rea- 
 son, for our nephue the duke of Orleaunce beareth hym greatlye, and so do dyuers 
 other barones of Fraunce ; howebeit, and we stycke therto, we shall finde mater ynough 
 to him by lawe and parlyament. That is trewe, quod the duke of Burgoyne ; and the 
 first tyme that he cometh to speke with me, (and that I thynke wyll be or tomorowe at 
 nightj) I shall so receyue hym that he shall well knowe that I loue hym nat: and if he 
 come to you good brother of Berrey, do lykewise. That shall be done, quod he, and 
 so departed at that tyme. 
 
 So it fortuned that the lorde of Clysson, who knewe nothynge but that he had been 
 in good arace with the sayde dukes: and certayne knightes and squiers, (suche as 
 hadde been in the sayd voyage with the kyng,) came to the constable, and were sente by 
 the chaunceller and treasourers to hym to pursue for money for their wages. Wher- 
 vpon in a mornyng he came to y house of Arthois, in Parys, to shewe the state ot y 
 busynesse to the duke of Burgoyne, and to none other, bycause he hadde the hole go- 
 uernaunce of the realme of Fraunce: whane he came thyder he entied into the court, 
 for the porter had lette hvm in ; than he alyghted and mounted the steares into the hall, 
 alonelye acompanyed with one squyer, and in the hall he foude ii. squyers ot the 
 dukes: than he demaunded if he might speke \V the duke or nat. Sir, quod they, we 
 can nat tell you: tary here and we shall go and knowe his pleasure. The squiers entred 
 into the dukes chambre, and foOde hym at good leysar, talkyng with an henuide, who 
 was come fro a great feest that had ben holden in Almaigne : than the squiers sayd: 
 Sir, the Constable is in your hall, and saythe he is come to speke with you il it be your 
 
 ^ E 2 pleasure. 
 
580 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 pleasure. A goddes name, quod the duke, lette liym come in, we be at good leysar to 
 here what he wyll say- One of the squiers went into tlic hall and said to the constable, 
 sir, coe on, my lorde wyll haue you to coe in. The costable entred, and whan the 
 duke sawe hym he chaunged colour, and repented in that he had caused liym to come 
 into his chambre, and yet he had gret desyre to spcke with hym. The Constable dyde 
 of his hattc and made his reuerence to the duke, and sayde : Sir, I am come to you to 
 knowe of the state and gouernaunce of the reaime, and howe euery thyniie shal be or- 
 dred : for by reason of mync offyce I am dayly called vpon, and as none you and my 
 lorde of Berrey haue the rule, therfore it may please you to shewe me what 1 siiall do. 
 The duke lightly aunswered and sayde : Clysson, Clysson, ye haue notliyng to do to 
 busye you with the gouernynge of the realme: ye haue medled therwith to long, and 
 in an yuell tyme : Howe the deuyll haue ye gadered suche rychesse, as ye made your 
 testament of but late ? tlie kynge, nor my brother of Berrey, nor I, haue nat so moche: 
 Go youre waye, departe out ol' my presence, and lette me no more se you, for and k 
 were nat for my shame, I shulde pntte out your better eye. And therwith the duke de- 
 parted and lefte the lorde Clysson alone, wlio issued out of the chambre and hanged 
 downe his heed, and so passed tinough the hall, and in the courte toke his horse 
 with his company, and retourned priuely into his lodgyng without spekyng of any 
 worde. 
 
 Howe sir Oli/uer of Cli/sson, Constable of France, departed out of Parys, after the 
 answere that the duke of Burgoyne had made hym, and wente to Mount-le-Heury, 
 and fro thens into Bretayne. 
 
 CAP. CXC 
 
 WHAN the lorde of Clysson was retourned to his lodgynge, he was in many yma- 
 ginacyons to remembre what was best for hym to do ; for he parceyued wel the maters 
 went but yuell for hym, nor he wyste nat to whome to make his complaynt, nor to de- 
 clare his busynesse, for the duke of Orlyavuice was at Crayell: and thoughe he hadde 
 been at Parys, yet it laye nat his power to defende hym, and he feared lest the duke of 
 Burgoyne wolde haue caused iiyni to be arested, and to spoyle his house : wherlore he 
 durst nat abyde that aduenture, but shortely made hym redy, and shewed to certayne 
 of his seruauntes what he wolde do; and agaynst nyght he wente out of his lodgyng 
 priuely on thebackesyde, and but thre persones with hym, and issued out of Parys at 
 the gate of saynt Anthony, and passed the ryuer of Seyne, at the bridge of Cliarenton, 
 and roode so longe that he came to a castell of his owne, a seuyn leages fro Parys, called 
 Mount le Heury, and there taryed tyll he herde other tidynges. 
 
 The same daye that the duke of Burgoyne had spoken with the Constable, the duke 
 of Berrey and he mette toguyder, for they assembled at the palays to commune toguyder 
 of certayne matters touchynge the realme : than the duke of Burgoyne shewed his bro- 
 ther what he had sayde to sir Olyuer of Clysson. The duke of Berrey answered and 
 sayd, ye haue done well, ibr we must haue a begynnynge to entre vpon tlicym, for 
 surely Clysson, le Ryuer, Mercier, and Motague, haue robbed the realme of Fraunce: 
 but tiie tyme is come that they shall leaue all, yea, and lese their lyues, and I uiaye be 
 beleued. 
 
 The 
 
 ' Chapter CLXXXVI. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSAKI. 581 
 
 The same proper daye that the Constable departed, Monta<Tiie in likewise departed 
 secretely by the gate saynt Anthony, and toke the waye to Trois, in Chanipayne, and 
 into Burgoyne, and sayd he woldc nat rest tyll he came to Aiiygnon: for ihyder he had 
 sent before the chiele of his rychesse, and lefte a certayne with his wyfe to kepe her 
 estate curtesly. for he sawe well sithe the kyng had lost his wylte, that all maters shulde 
 go but yuell for hym, for he sawe howe the dukes of Burgoyne and Berrey wolde nat 
 speke to hym. Sir Johan Mercier in lykewise wolde fayne haue ben gone and lie 
 myght, but there was suche watche layde on hym, that he eoude nat go out of his 
 lodgynge. without knowledge ; and suche of his goodes as he hadde saued before, stode 
 hym in ridit good stede afterwarde : for as moche as coude be founde of his, was de- 
 parted bytwene the dukes of Burgoyn and Berrey, and he was comylted by them to pri- 
 sone into the castell of Loure/ And in lykewyse so was comauiidetl the Begue of Vyl- 
 layns ei ie of Rebydewe,'' in Spayne. There were men sente to the house of Montague, 
 but he was nat founde, nor no man knewe where y he was become. In lykecase" to the 
 Constables house to haue had hym to prison, but he conde nat be founde, for there was 
 no man there but the kepar, who knewe nothynge where he was become: and within 
 two dayes after it was knowen that he was at his castell of Mount le lieury. Whan 
 the dukes that loiied hym nat, knewe that, they ordayned the Barroys of Barres, sir 
 John of Castell Morant, the lorde of Coucy, and sir Wyllyam of Tremoyle,"* with thre 
 hundred speares to go thyder, and comaunded them to beseige the towne and castell, 
 and nat to departe thens tyll they had biought sir O^yuer of Clysson to the, outher 
 quicke or deed. These knyghles dyde as they were comaunded, they durste do none 
 otherwyse, for the two dukes had the admynistracion of the realme. So they departed 
 fro Parys with a thre hundred speares, but nat all at one tyme, but in fyue partes, to the 
 entent to be the lesse knowen; but god ayded so well the Constable, and he had so good 
 frendes of some in that company, that he had suche warnynge that he toke no domage, 
 for he and his company departed and lode by couert waycs through woodes, and lefte 
 closed townes, so that at lasle he came surely into Bretaygne, and entred into a castell 
 of his owne, called the castell Joselyn, and there taryed to here other newes. For all 
 that, the Barrois of Barres, and the other knightes in his company, lette nat to do their 
 enterprice at they were charged, but came to Mount le Heury, and entred into the 
 towne, and besieged the castell, and taryed there all a nyght, wenynge that the Con- 
 stable hadde ben within: but he was gone, as ye haue herde : and the nexte mornynge 
 they thought to assaute the castell. The seruautes within the castell sente out to knowe 
 what they wolde haue, or what they demaunded. They sayde they wolde haue sir 
 Olyuer of Clysson, and therfore they were come. They answered and said, that he Avas 
 departed thens foure dayes passed, and oflcred to open the gates to sertche lor hym. 
 The knightes went into the castell with all their company armed, for feare of enbusshe- 
 inent within the castell ; they sertched higlie and lowe, and founde for trouthe that he 
 was nat there. Thaiie they departed and retourned to Parys, and shewed howe they 
 had sped. 
 
 Whan the dukes of Burgoyne and Berrey knewe that sir Olyuer of Clysson was 
 scaped, they were sore displeased, and the dukes of Orlyaunce and of Burbone ryght 
 ioyfull. Than the duke of Burgoyne sayde: It semeth well that he douteth hymselfe, 
 seynge he is lledde awaye: yet for all y he is so quytte, we shall cause hym to come 
 agayne shortely, or elles he shall lese all that he hath that we can sette our handes on : 
 
 for 
 
 » Tlie Louvre. •' Ribadt'O. ' " Tliey sent to inquire if Oliver of Clisson were in Parisj 
 
 witli orders, if lie were found, that he should surrender himself a prisoner in the Louvre." 
 
 •* La Treuiouille. 
 
582 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 for we haue to laye to his charge dyuers artycles vnresonable, \Yhiche requyre Judgement 
 ofpunisyon; and if suche as be great be nat corrected, the maters shall nat be equally 
 proporcioned, for suclie as be but small personages shall grudge, and saye they haue 
 wrong to be punysshed, and the great to scape : therfore iustyce ought to be equall, and 
 to spare nother gret nor small, wherby any ensample shulde growe. Thus the duke of 
 Burgoyn deuysed of sir Olyuer of Clysson, who was in Bretaygne, in his castell called 
 Joselyn, whiche fortresse was well prouyded for of all thynges necessary. Whan the 
 Barrois of Barres was retourned to Parys, and had shewed that sir Olyuer of Clysson 
 was departed fro Mount le Henry, and gone to the castell of Joselyn, in Bretayne, tha 
 he was comaunded to go to Amyence," and there to take the lorde de la Ryuer : the next 
 day he rode with his companye to Amyence,^ a fayre fortresse besyde Charters, whiche 
 the lorde de la Ryuer helde by right of his wyfe, the lady of Mans ;° he had greatly 
 amended that castell, and was welbeloued of the men of his countrey, for he loued al- 
 wayes nothyng but trouth. Than the dukes comissyoners came thyder, and dyde as 
 they had in charge, and founde the lorde de la Ryuer there, and his wyfe and his 
 chyldren ; the knight loked for nothyng els, for he might haue ben gone before if he 
 had lyste, for he had knowledge that sir Johan Mercyer, and the erle of Ribydewe,** 
 were in prisone, and that the Constable was fledde into Bretaygne ; and he was coun- 
 sayled before by one of his frendes, who said to hym : Sir, saue yourselfe, for the en- 
 uyous do nowe reygne, and fortune as nowe is on their sydes. He aunswered and sayde : 
 Here and elswhere I am at the pleasure of god ; if I shulde flye or hyde myselfe, I 
 shulde yelde myselfe gyltie, where I knowe myselfe clere ; God hath gyuen me that I 
 haue, and he maye take it fro me whan it is his pleasure ; the wyll of god be fulfylled ; 
 I haue serued kynge Charles, and nowe his sonne well and trewly ; my seruyce hath 
 ben well knowen with them, and they haue greatlye rewarded me, and seyng that I haue 
 so truely serued at their comaundements, and traueyled for the busynesse of the realme 
 of Frace, I dare well abyde the iudgement of the parlyament chambre in Parys, and if 
 they can fynde any faute in my dedes or wordes, lette me be punysshed. Thus the lorde 
 de la Ryuer sayd to his wyfe and to his cousayle : this he sayd or the dukes comyssioners 
 cae to his castell. At laste one shewed hym and sayd: Sir, here cometh suche men, 
 and suche with a great armye ; howe saye you, shall we opyn the gates or nat ? Yea, 
 quod he, what elles ? they are welcome. Therwith he went and mette them, and re- 
 ceyued them one after another right honorably. Thus they all entred into the castell of 
 Mans.^ Than the Barroies of Barres, whan they were within the hall, executed his 
 commaundement, and arested the lorde de la Ryuer, who obeyed mekelye. Thus he 
 was prisoner in his owne castell of Mans :^ it may well be thought that the good lady his 
 wyfe was sore discofyted, whan she sawe fortune tourne her whele agaynst her lorde and 
 husbande, and also she douted the conclusyon. 
 
 Thus the lorde de la Ryuer was prisoner in his owne castell of Mans :" and anone 
 after he was sente for by them that had the gouernaunce, bothe of the temporaltie and 
 of the spirytualtie, for pope Clement of Auignon had nothyng in the realme of Fraunce, 
 but by their meanes. The lorde de la Ryuer was brought to Parys, and set in prison 
 in the castell of Loure.' Many men in the realme of Fraunce had great pytie on hym : 
 howebeit, they durst nat speke but priuely : the people cared nat so moche for the 
 trouble of sir Johan Mercyer, as they dyde for the lorde de la Ryuer, for he was alway 
 swete, curtesse, meke, pacyent, and gentyll to poore men, and a good meane always 
 for them that myght nat be herde. It was sayde daylye in Paris, that these prisoners 
 shulde lese their heedes: and a sclaundre ran vpon them, howe they were traytours 
 
 against 
 
 ' Auneau. '' Ribadeo. ' The Louvre. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 583 
 
 against the crowne of Fraunce, and pylled tlie realnie, and therby kepte their great 
 portes and estates, and made fayre houses, castellts, and biiyldynjes : and other poore 
 knightes and squiers, suche as had aduentured their bodyes and nienibres in dedes of 
 armes, and serued trnelye the realme of Frannce, and had solde and iayde to pledge 
 their herytages, and yet coude nat be payde for that they had serued, notlier by the 
 costable nor by none of them that were in prisone, nor by IVIotague that was fledde ; the 
 enuyous condempned and iudged them to dye; so by reason of this they were in great 
 daunger : and also it was sayd, that by their counsaile the kyng toke on hyni the iourney 
 into Bretaygne, wherby he fell into that maladye of fransey, and had gyuen hym diinkes 
 of poyson at their pleasure, and howe that the kynges phisycions coude nat be herde 
 nor beleued, by reason of them. Snche maters were Iayde to the lorde de la Ryuers 
 charge and to syr Johan Mercyer, that they were delynered out of the casiell (A Lonre' 
 into the handes of the prouost of Paris, and putte into the castell of saynt Anthony, in 
 the kepyng of the Vicount of Achy, who as than was Chateleyne there. Whan it was 
 knovven that they were there, tha the comon brute ran that they shulde be execuled to 
 dethe ; but to saye trouthe, there was no cause why to trouble them ; for suche as hated 
 them, coude fynde in their conscyence no cause why they ought to dye ; but euery daye 
 they were borne in hande, and it was sayd to theym : Sirs, thynke on youre soules, for 
 as lor your bodyes are but loste, for ye are iudged to dye, and for to be beheeded. In 
 this case they were in prisone a greate space. The Begue of Vyllayns, a ryght valyaunt 
 knyght in armes, of the countrey of Beauce, who was in prisone also for y same cause, 
 he had suche frendes and was so ayded that he was delynered out of prison, and was 
 clene pardoned of all thynges: and suche as were of liis lynage, as sir Barroys and other, 
 counsayled hym to go into Castyle, where as he had fayre herytages, by reason of his 
 wyfe, countesse of Ribydewe ;'' and as he was counsayled so he dyde, and as soone as 
 he might departed out of Fraunce and went into Castyle ; and the other two knightes 
 remayned styll in prison, in daunger of losyng of their lyues. 
 
 All the mouable and vnmouable godes and possessions parteyninge to sir Johan Mer- 
 cyer within Parys and without, in the realme of Fraunce, that myght be Iayde hande 
 on, was taken as goodes forfaite, and gyuen to other persons. His fayre house of the 
 bridge of Aubumen,' in the dioces of Laon, whiche had cost hym a great good, was 
 gyuen to the lorde Coucy, with all the appurtenances. I knowe nat wheder the lorde 
 of Coucy desyred it or nat ; but sir Johan Mercier was disheryted, he and his heyres 
 for euer : also the lorde de la Ryuer was sore handled. Trewe it was, all his mouables 
 was taken awaye, and suche landes as he had bought, reseruynge to the lady of Mans 
 his wyfe, all her herytages, whiche came by her by father and mother: also he had a 
 yonge damosell to his doughter of x. yere of age, who was maryed to a yonge gentyl- 
 man called Jaques of Chastellon, sonne to sir Hugh of Chastellon, who had ben before 
 maister of the crosbowes of Fraunce: and he was heyre to his father, and had fayre he- 
 rytages, and was lykelye to enioye more ; howebeit, agaynst the yonge mannes mynde 
 he was dismaryed, and maryed agayne to another gentyhvoman, at the pleasure of the 
 duke of Burgoyne and of the lorde de la Tremoyle," who toke on them that quarell: 
 moreouer, the lorde de la Riuer had a sonne to his heyre, whiche sonne was maryed to 
 y doughter of the erle Dampmartyne ; and the erle had no mo children, nor was nat 
 lyke to haue, whiche doughter was his heyre : and the duke wolde haue broken that 
 maryage, and haue maryed her vnto an heyre of blode ; but the erle Dampmartyne, 
 lyke a valyaunt knight, wolde nat, but sayd : as long as the lorde de la Ryuers sonne 
 
 hadde 
 
 ' The Louvre. * Ribadeo. ' Pont a Louvion.— Jo/i««. t Auneau. 
 
 ■^ Treraouillc. 
 
584 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 hadde iyfe in his body, his doughter shulde haue none other husbande : and sayde, he 
 
 wolde putte her herytage into suche menes handes, that he trusted suche as wohle wroa- 
 
 fully haue it, shulde nat attaynetherto. Whan the erles raynde was knowen,they let hyni 
 
 alone : so that maryage stode styll, but the fyrst maryage was broken, and pope Clement 
 
 made a dispensacyon wheder he wolde or nat, for as at that tyme the pope had no more 
 
 puissaunce in Fraunce, than suche as the gouernours wolde consente to, the churche 
 
 was so subiecte, what by reason of the Scisme, and by them that gouerned Fraunce. 
 
 Many men, specially in the realme of Frauce, excused greatly the Torde de la Ryuer ; 
 
 but all that wolde nat serue, for none durst speke, thoughe they sawe the mater neuer 
 
 so clere, except all onely the valyat lady Jane of Boloyne, duchesse of Berrey. Often- 
 
 tymes the good lady wolde fiiU on her knees before her husbande, holdynge vp her 
 
 handes, and sayeng: Ah, sir, ye suffre to moche the enuyous to enforme you so wrong- 
 
 fuUye agaynst the valyaunt knight. The lorde de la Ryuer he hath clerely wronge ; 
 
 there is none that dare speke for hym but I : and, sir, I wyll ye knowe that if he dye 
 
 thus, I shall neuer haue ioye in this worlde, but I shall alwayes contynue styll in sorowe 
 
 and heuynesse, for he is a trewe and a valyant knight. Ah, sir, ye cosyder but lytell 
 
 the fayre seruyce that he hath done to you or this tyme, y paynes and traueyle that he 
 
 hath hadde for you and for me, to bring vs togyder in maryage : I saye it nat for any 
 
 thyng of bostyng of myselfe, for I am but lytell worthe in comparyson to you ; but 
 
 whan ye wolde nedes haue me, ye remembre howe harde the erle of Foiz was to you, 
 
 with whom I was brought vp : and if the swete wordes and wyse demeanour of the lorde 
 
 de la Ryuer had nat been, I had neuer come into your company, but I had ben rather 
 
 as nov>'e in Englade, for the duke of Lacastre wolde huue had me for his sonne the erle 
 
 of Derby, and the erle of Foiz enclyned rather that waye tha to you. Right dere sir, 
 
 ye ought to remebre this, for all that I say is true ; wherfore I requyre you right hubly 
 
 that this gentyll knight, who brought me to you, haue no domage of his body nor of his 
 
 membres. The duke of Berrey, who sawe his wyfe fayre and gentyll, and loued her 
 
 ■with all his hert, and also knewe well that all she had sayd was true, it molifyed greatly 
 
 his herte towardes the lorde de la Ryuer : and to apease his wyfe, bycause he sawe she 
 
 spake with good herte, sayd vnto her: Dame, as god heipe me, I wolde it had cost me 
 
 XX. thousade frankes, on the condycion the lorde de la Ryuer had neuer made forfette 
 
 to the crowne of Fraunce, for before this malady came to the kynge I loued hym en- 
 
 tierly, and tooke hym for a wyse and a sage knyght ; but sythe ye desyre so effectuously 
 
 for hym, I wyll do no dyspleasure to hym ; he shall fare moche the better at your in- 
 
 staunce: and for your sake I shall do as moche for hym as my power may extende, and 
 
 rather at your desyre than and all the realme had spoken for hym, for surely I se well 
 
 It is almes to helpe hym, and I beleue he hath no aduocate but you. Thus the lady was 
 
 well pleased with her lordes wordes, for surely and she had nat ben he had been deed ; 
 
 but for her sake the duke of Berrey dyssymuled the mater, and that was happy for syr 
 
 Johan Mercyer, for he and the lorde de la Ryuer were accused for one cause, wherfore 
 
 the dukes had conscyence to cause one to dye and nat the other ; howebeit, for all the 
 
 promesse that was made to them, yet they thought themselfe nat well assured of their 
 
 lyues as longe as they were in prison : for they sawe well they had as than many enne- 
 
 myes, who as tha reygned and were in their prosperyte, and some were right angry that 
 
 they were saued so longe, and tliey coulde amended it. Syr Johan Mercyer beynge in 
 
 prisone, wepte so contynually that he had almost lost his sight ; it was pytie to se his 
 
 lamentacyon. 
 
 Whyle these two knyghtes were thus in prisone more than ayere, and no man knewe 
 what ende shulde come of them, than the dukes and their couiisayle dyd all that they 
 toulde to haue taken sir Olyuer Clysson, and to haue put hym fro his honoure and of- 
 
 fyce : 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSARi. 585 
 
 fyce: they had rather haue had liym than all the resydewe : but he kepte hymselfe out 
 of their handes, wherin he dyd wysely, for if he had l)en taken, they had so ordeyued 
 for him that he shulde haue had iudgemeut ofdeth without remedy, and all for enuy to 
 haue pleased therby his aduersary the duke of Bretaygiie, who neuer dyd good in the 
 realme of Frauce. Whan the lordes sawe y he was scaped their handes, they toke 
 other aduyse, and dyd as ye shall here. They somoned hym to apere in the parlyamet 
 chamber at Parys, to answere to such articles as he was accused of, on payne to lese his 
 honour and to be banysshed the realme of Fraunce : cerlayne comyssioners were sent 
 into Bretaygne to somon hym to apere: they that were sente rode into IJretaygne, and 
 demanded where as they came where syr Olyuer of Clysson was, and sayd howe they 
 Avere sente by the kynge to speke with the constable, wherfore they desyred to knowe 
 where he was. The men of suche townes and garysons as helde of the constable were 
 determyned before what aunswere to make, and sayd: syrs, ye be welcome ; and if ye 
 wyll speke with the constable, ye muste go into suche a place ; there we thynke ye shall 
 fynde hym without faute: so the coinyssyoners were sente from towne to towne, hut 
 they coude nat fynde him ; and so longe they sought that they were wery, and so re- 
 tourned to Parys, and declared what they had sene and founde. Suche as had accused 
 hym were gladde that he dalte so, for than they sayd his falsnesse was playnely shewed, 
 and tlierby acordyng to reason they said he shulde haue as he had deserued. Than by 
 the course of the parlyament they preceded to all his somonynges, to thentent that 
 suche as loued hym shulde nat say he had any wronge by enuy or hatred : and whan all 
 his XV. somonynges were accomplisshed, and that they coulde here no tydynges of 
 hym, nor of his aparaunce, and that he had been openly called at the parlyament 
 chambre dore, and on the steyres, and in the courte, with all other seremonyes therto 
 belongynge, and no answere made for hym, he had processe made agaynst hym cruelly 
 in the parlyament ; there he was openly banysshed the realme of Fraunce as a false tray- 
 tour against the crowne of Fraunce, and iudged to pay a hijdred thousande marke of 
 syluer for the extorcyons he had doone, and for that he had so craftely in tyme paste 
 occupyed the offyce of the constablery of Fraunce, and therfore to lese for euer with- 
 out recouery the sayd oflyce. At the gyueng of this sentence the duke of Orleaunce 
 was desyred to be present, but he wolde nat, and excused hymselfe ; but the dukes of 
 Berrey and Burgoyn were there, with many other great lordes of the realme of Fraunce. 
 Thus a man may se the warkes of fortune, howe ferme and stable they be, seynge howe 
 this good and valyaunt knyght, who in his dayes had so moche traueyled for the realme 
 of Fraunce, and as than was put to so moche shame as to be dysgraced fro honoure and 
 goodes ; howebeit, he was happy he appered nat at their somonynge, for if he had, sure- 
 ly he had shamfully loste his lyfe : as than the duke of Orlyance durst nat speke for 
 hym; if he had, it shulde haue doone hym no good. It is nat to be douted but that the 
 duke of Bretaygne and syr Peter of Craon Avere right ioyfull of those tydinges ; howe- 
 beit, they were sory that he was nat prisoner in Parys as well as sir Johan Mercier 
 and the lorde de la Ryuer. Of this shamfuU banysshing great brute ranne therof in the 
 realme of Fraunce and elswhere ; some compleyned secretly, and sayd that he had 
 wronge; and some other said he was worthy to be hanged, and that he had Avell de- 
 serued it ; and moreouer sayd, howe the dyuell coulde he assemble togyder so moche 
 rychesse as a myllyon and an halfe of florayns ? he coulde neuer gette that by ryghtwyse 
 meanes, but rather by pillynge and robbyng, and retaynyng to hymselfe the wages of 
 the poore knyghtes and squyers of the realme of Fraunce that had deserued it, as it may 
 well appere in the chauncery or treasory, where euery thyng is written and regestred, 
 in the voyage that the Kynge made into Flaunders : there and than he reysed great pro- 
 fyte to his owne vse, and also in the voyage to Almayne : for all maner of tayles and 
 subsydyes that were reysed in the realme to paye men of warre passed through his 
 Vol. II. 4 F handes; 
 
586 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 handes; he payed where as it pleased hym, and the rest he kept to hymselfe, and none 
 durste spelce agaynst it. In this maner syr Olyuer of Clysson was accused in many 
 mennes mouthes. It is sayde in an olde prouerbe : He that hath mysfortune, euery man 
 offereth hym wronoe. If the frenche kynge, the duke of Berrey, and the duke of Bur- 
 jfoyne had nat ben, the duke of Bretaygne had ben able to haue subdued syr Olyuer of 
 Clysson, seynge he was in the dukes countrey, but he sufired hym for a season to se 
 howe the maters shulde precede ; also he sawe well that syr Olyuer of Clysson was set 
 on the heyght of fortunes whele, and as ihau agayne he sawe howe he was cast downe 
 and lyke to lese his offyce. Thus the duke of Bretayne and syr Peter of Craon were 
 set vpon their fete, and all by the workes of fortune, whiche is neuer parmanent, but 
 nowe vp, nowe downe. The constable syr Olyuer of Clysson, the lorde de la Ryuer, 
 and syr Johan Mercyer were principally accused for the chefe causers of the kiuges 
 malady ; and suche as loued them nat sayd howe they had poysoned the kynge ; howe- 
 beit, euery man maye consydre by reason that it was nat so, for they were the persones 
 that shulde lese moste by the kynges malady, wherfore it is to be thought they sought 
 nioste for liis helthe, but they coulde nat be beleued : so the two knyghtes remayned 
 styll ill prison in daiiger openly to haue loste their heedes, and by all lykelyhode so 
 they had done if the kynge had nat recouered his helth, and by the meane of the du- 
 chesse of Berrey, who made instante labour for the lorde de la Ryuer: and the lorde 
 Clysson was styll in Bretayne, and made sore warre agaynst the duke there, and the 
 duke agaynst hym, whiche warre cost many a mannes lyfe, as ye shall here after in this 
 hystory. 
 
 Trewe it is this sycknesse that the kyng tooke in the voyage towardes Bretayne great- 
 ly abated the ioye of the realme of Fraunce, and good cause why, for whan the heed is 
 sicke the body canne haue no ioye. No man durste openly speke therof, but kepte it 
 priuy as moche as myght be, and it was couertly kept fro the queue, for tyll she was 
 delyuered and churched she knewe nothynge therof, whiche tyme she had a doughter. 
 The physycion, mayster Guyllyam, who had the chefe charge of healynge of the 
 kynge, was styll aboute hym, and was ryght dyligent and well acquyted hymselfe, 
 wherby he gate bothe honour and profyte : for lytell and lytell he brought the kynge in 
 good estate, and toke away the feuer and the heate, and made hym to haue taste and 
 appetyte to eate and drinke, slepe and rest, and knowledge of euery thynge ; howebeit, 
 he was very feble, and lytell and lytell he made the Kynge to ryde ahuntynge and on 
 hawkynge: and whanne tydynges was knowen through Fraunce howe the kynge was 
 well mended, and had his memory agayne, euery man was ioyfuU and thanked god. 
 The kyng thus beyng at Crayell, desyred to se the queue his wyfe and the Dolphyn his 
 Sonne; so the queue came thyder to him, and the chylde was brought thyder: the 
 kynge made them good chere, and so lytell and lytell, through the heipe of god, the 
 kynge recouered his helthe. And whan mayster Guyllyam sawe the kynge in so good 
 case he was ryght ioyfuU, as reasone was, for he had done a fayre cure, and so dely- 
 uered hym to the dukes of Orlyance, Berrey, Burgoyne, and Burbone, and sayd : My 
 lordes, thanked be god the kyng is nowe in good state and helth, so I delyuer hym, but 
 beware lette no man dysplease hym, for as yet his spyrytes be nat fully ferme nor stable, 
 but lytell and lytell he shall waxe stronge : reasonable dysporte, rest, and myrlhe shall 
 be moste profytable for hym ; and trouble hym as lytell as may be with any counsayles, 
 for he hath been sharpely handeled with a bote malady. Than it was consydred to re- 
 taygne this mayster Guylliam, and to gyue hym that he shulde be contente with all, 
 livhiche is the ende that all physicions requyre, to haue gyftes and rewardes : he was de- 
 syred to abyde styll about the kynge, but he excused himselfe, and sayd howe he was 
 an olde impotent man, and coulde nat endure the maner of courte, wherfore he de- 
 syred 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 587 
 
 syred to returne into his owne countrey. Whan the counsayle sawe he wolde none 
 otherwyse do, they ^aue him ieaue, and at his deparliug gaue him a thousande crownes, 
 and retayned hym in wages with four horses whansoeuer he wolde resorte to the courte ; 
 howebeit, I beleue he neuer came there after, for whan he retourned to the cytie of Laoa 
 there he contynued and dyed a ryche man: he Iel\e behynde hym a xxx. thousande 
 frankes. All his dayes he was one of the greatest nygardes that euer was ; all his plea- 
 sure was to get good and to spende nothynge, for in his howse he neuer spente past two 
 souses of Parys in a day, but wolde eate and drinke in other mennes bowses, where as he 
 myght get it. With this rodde lyghtly all physicyons are beaten. 
 
 Howe the Iruse whiche was acorded byttyene Englande and France for thre yeres was 
 
 renewed. 
 
 CAP. CXCI.^ 
 
 AS ye haue herde here before in the bokes of this hygh and excellent hystory, at 
 the request of the ryght hygh and myghty prynce, my dere lorde and mayster, Guy 
 of Chastellone, erle of Blois, lorde of Auesnes, of Chymay, of Beaumont, of Streume- 
 hont," and of the Gode:' I Johan Froysart, preest and chapeleyn to my said lorde, and 
 at that tyme treasourer and chanon of Chymay, and of Lysle in Flaunders, haue enter- 
 prised this noble mater, treatynge of the aduentures and warres of Fraunce and Eng- 
 lande, and otlier countreys conioyned and alyed to them, as it maye apere clerely, by 
 the treaties therof made vnto the date of this present day, the whiche excellent mater, as 
 longe as I lyue, by the helpe of god, I shall cotynue, for the more I folowe and labour it, 
 the more it pleaseth me : as the noble knyght or squyer louynge the feates of armes, do 
 perceyuer in the same, and be therby experte and made parfyte, so in laborynge oi this 
 noble mater I delyte and take pleasure. 
 
 It hath ben here before conteyned in our hystory howe truce was made at Balyng- 
 ham,'^ to endure thre yere, bytwene Englande and Fraunce, and for that purpose the 
 erle of saynt Poll, the lorde of Castell Morant, and syr Taupyn of Cauteuell,' ambassa- 
 dours of Frauce, had ben in Englande with the duke of Lancastre and the duke of 
 yorke, for to vnderstande the kinges pleasure, and the opynion of the comons of Eng- 
 lande : for at the comunycacyon and parlyamente at Amyence they were at a poynte of 
 agrement of peace, vpon certayne artycles specifyed, reseruynge the agrement therto ot 
 the comons of Englande. Thus these ambassadours were retourned into Fraunce, and 
 were answered howe that at the feest of saynt Mychell nexte ensuynge there shulde be 
 a Parlyament at Westmynster of the thre estates of Englande, at whiche tyme the mater 
 shulde be declared, and a full aunswere made. Whan tydynges was come into Eng- 
 lande of the frenche kynges sycknesse, that matter was greatly hyndred ; howebeit, 
 kynge Rycharde of Englande and the duke of Lancastre had great affection to haue had 
 peace, so that if they might haue had their ententes, peace had ben made bytwene Eng- 
 lande and Fraunce ; but the comynalte of Englande desyred warre, sayenge howe warre 
 with Fraunce was more conuenyent for them than peace ; and of that opynyon was one 
 of the kynges vncles, Thomas duke ofGlocestre, erle of Perces,' and constable of Eng- 
 lande, who was welbeloued in the realme : he enclyned rather to warre than to peace ; 
 and of his opynyon were the yonge gentylmen of the realme, suche as desyred feates 
 
 4 F 2 of 
 
 ' Chapter CLXXXYU. •■ Schoenhoven. ' Turgow. t Leulinghera. 
 
 • Cantemelle. ' E.veter.— D. Sauvagc. 
 
588 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 of armes ; but his brother the duke of Lancastre, bycause he was eldest and of most puis- 
 saunce in Englande, he thought and said that the warre bytwene Englande and Fraunce 
 and endured longe ynoughe, and that peace were more mete: for by the warre cristen- 
 dome was sore febled, lor the great turke Lamoiabaquyn" was with greate puyssaunce 
 on the fronters of Hugery ; wherfore he sayd it shulde be honorable to all yonge 
 lusty knyghtes and squyers to take their waye thyder, and ther to exercyse dedes of 
 armes. 
 
 Lette vs wysely consydre the duke of Lancasters wordes, who spake them of good 
 entent, for he had greatly traueyled in the warres of Fraunce, and conquered but lytell, 
 and sore traueyled his bodye, brent and dystroyed the playne countreys in his waye, 
 and after his retourne it sone recouered agayn: he sawe this warre drewe neuer to none 
 ende, but rather encreased ; also he sawe that if fortune shulde turne agaynst y englyssh 
 party, that great domage therof shulde ensue, and parceyued well that the kyng his 
 nephue was enclyned moche rather to the peace than to the warre. I Johan Froysart, 
 auctoure of this hystory, canne nat well saye whether this dukes opinyon was good or 
 nat ; but it was shewed me, that b)'cause the duke of Lancastre sawe his two doughters 
 maryed in higher degree than hymselfe, and out of the realme of Englande, the one 
 ■was queue of Spaygne, the other Qiiene of Portugale, this caused him gretly to en- 
 clyne to the peace: for he knew well that the kynge of Spaygnes sonne, who had ma- 
 ryed his doughter, was as than but yonge, and in daunger of his owne subgiettes : and 
 knewe well that if he shulde peasably enioye the herytage of Spaygne, it was conueny- 
 ente that the englysshemen shulde kepe the peace with Fraunce, for if the peace shulde 
 be broken by any incydent, than the Frenchemen myght shortly be reuenged of the 
 realme of Spayne ; for they had open entrees as well through Aragon and Chathalone,'' 
 as Bierne and Byskay, for the lady yolant of Bare was queue of Aragone, and she was 
 good frenche,and gouerned Aragon, Chalhalone,'' Bierne, and Byskay: for the Vycount 
 of Chatellon," who was heyre to therle of Foiz, had so sworne and promysed the frenche 
 quene, wherby the frenchemen hadde many fayre entrees into Spaygne without daunger 
 of the kynge of Nauer, who wolde nat wyllyngly dysplease the frenche kynge his 
 cosyn germayne : for as than syr Peter of Nauerre his brother was with the frenche 
 kynge, who alwayes apeased the frenche kynges ire and dyspleasure whan he had any 
 to his brother the Kynge of Nauer, for he was a true frencheman, and neuer founde the 
 contrary. All these imagynacions the duke of Lancastre had in hymselfe, and shewed 
 his mynde to his sonne the erle of Derby, though he were but yonge, yet he was of 
 great wysdome, and lykely to come to great honour, whiche erle had thre sonnes, 
 Johan, Humfrey, and Thomas, and two doughters by the lady his wyfe, doughter and 
 heyre to the Erie constable of Englande, erle of Herforde" and Northampton, by whiche 
 lady he helde great herytage. 
 
 The conclusyon of the parlyament holden at Westmynster by the thre estates of the 
 realme, a trewce was taken by see and by lande, bytwene Fraunce and Englande, their 
 frendes and alyes, to endure fro the feest of saynt Mychell to the feest of saynt Johan 
 Baptyst nexte after ; and suche comyssioners as the frenche kynge had sent to this par- 
 lyament were dyspatched, and the charier of the truce sent by them sealed, whiche 
 treuce was well vpholden on all partyes. The Frenche kynge Avas sore febled by rea- 
 son of his syckenesse, and the physicyon, mayster Guyllyam Harselay, was as than 
 deed, but whan he departed fro Crayell fro the kynge, he orcleyned many receytes for 
 the kynge to vse, wherby in the wynter season he recouered his helth, wherof all his 
 
 louers 
 
 * Amurath. * Catalonia. '= Chatel-bon. '' Hereford. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 589 
 
 louers and frendes reioysed, Avith the liole comynalte of Frauce, for he was well be- 
 loued ; and so he and the qiiene came to Parys, and helde their householde most parte 
 at saynt Powle, and sonityme at Loure,' and the longe wynter nyghtes they passed the 
 season with daunsynge and caroliynge, and other reuels and dysportes. The quene 
 was acompaned with the duchesse of Berrey, the duchesse ofOrlyance, and other ladyes. 
 The same season the Vycount of Chastellon'' was come to Parys, who was newly entred 
 into the herytage of the erledome of Foize and of Bierneas ryght heyre : and he releued 
 the sayde eriedom of Foiz, and dyd his homage to the kyng, but nat for Bierne, for that 
 coutrey helde themselfe of so noble condycion, tliat they helde seruyce to no man lyu- 
 ynge ; hovvebeit, the prince of Wales said to the erle of Foiz that last dyed, that he 
 ought to relene of him, and to haue his resorte to the Duchy of Acquitayne ; but al- 
 wayes the sayd erle denyed and defended it : and it is to be thought, that the chalenge 
 that the prince of Wales made thervnto, was by the settynge on and mouyng of Johan 
 erle of Armynake, as it hath ben shewed here before in this history, wherfore as nowe 
 I wyll oner passe it. Whan this vicount of Chastellon'' (called fro henseforthe the erle 
 of Foiz) was at Paris with the frenche kyng, he had there in his company with hym his 
 cosvn syr yuan of Foiz, bastarde sonne to the lasle Erie of Foize, who was a goodly 
 knyght. The erle of Foiz, or he dyed, wolde haue made hym his heyre, with another 
 of his bastarde sonnes, called Gracian, who dwelte as than with the kyng of Nauer, but 
 the knyghtes of Bierne wolde neuer consent therto ; therfore the mater rested as it dyd, 
 and the erle dyed sodaynly (as ye haue herde before). Whan the Frenche kynge sawe 
 this yonge knyght syr yuan of Foiz, he lyked hym marueylous well : also the kynge and 
 he were moche of one age, and by reason of the fnuour that the kynge bare to this yonge 
 knyght, the erle of Foiz had the shorter spede, and was delyuered of all his businesse, 
 and than departed into his owne countrey ; and syr yuan abode styll with the Kynge, 
 and retayned as one of his knyghtes of his chanibre, with \ii. horses, and all other 
 ihynges therto belongynge. 
 
 Of the aduenture of a daunce that was made at Parys in lykenesse of wodehowses^ 
 wherin the Frenche kynge was in parell of dethe. 
 
 CAP. CXCII/ 
 
 IT fortuned that sone after the retayninge of this foresayd knyght a maryage was 
 made in the kynges house, bytwen a yonge knyght of Vermandoys and one of the 
 quenes gentylwomen; and bycause they were bothe of the kynges house, the kinges 
 vncles and other lordes, ladyes, and damoselles made great tryumphe: there was the 
 dukes of Orlyaunce, Berrey, and Burgoyne, and their wyues, daunsynge and makynge 
 great ioye. The kynge made a great supper to the lordes and ladyes, and the quene 
 kepte her estate, desirynge euery man to be mery : and there was a squyer of Normandy, 
 called Hogreymen' of Gensay, he aduysed to make some pastyme. The daye of the 
 maryage, whiche Avas on a tuesday before Candelmas, he prouyded for a mummery 
 agaynst nyght : he deuysed syxe cotes made of lynen clothe, couered with pytche, and 
 theron flaxe lyke heare, and had them redy in a chambre : the kynge jDut on one of 
 them, and therle of Jouy, a yonge lusty knyght, another, and syr Charles of Poicters the 
 thyrde, who was sonne to the erle of Valentenoys, and to syr yuan of Foiz another, 
 
 and 
 
 t The Louvre. '' Chatel-bon. ' Savages '' Chapter CLXXXVIII. 
 
 J' Jobnes calls him Hugonin. 
 
590 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 and the Sonne of the lorde Nanthorillet" . had on the fyfte, and the squyer hymselfe 
 had on the syxte ; and whan they wliere thus arayed in tliese sayd cotes, and sowed fast 
 in them, they semed lyke wylde wodehouses,'' iull of heare fro the toppe of the heed to 
 the sowle of y fote. This deuyse pleased well the frenche kynge, and was well content 
 with the squyer for it. They were aparelled in these cotes secretly in a chambre that 
 no man knewe therof but such as holpe them. Whan syr yuan of Foiz had well ad- 
 uysed these cotes, he sayd to the kynge : Syr, comaunde straytely that no man aproche 
 nere vs with any torches or fyre, for if the fyre fasten in any of these cotes, we shall all 
 be brent without remedy. The king aunswered and sayd: yuan, ye speke well and 
 wysely ; it shall be doone as ye haue deuysed ; and incontynent sent for an vsslier of 
 his chambre, comaundyng him to go into the chambre where the ladyes daused, and to 
 comaunde all the varieties holdinge torches to stande vp by the walles, and none of them 
 to aproche nere to the wodehouses*" that shulde come thyder to daunce. The vssher 
 dyd the kynges coniaundement, whiche was fullylled. Sone after the duke of Orly- 
 ance entred into the hall, acompanyed with four knyghtes and syxe torches, and knewe 
 nothynge of the kynges coniaundement for the torches, nor of the mummery that was 
 comynge thyder, but thought to beholde the daunsynge, and began hymselfe to daunce. 
 Therwith the kynge with the fyue other came in ; they were so dysguysed in flaxe that 
 no man knewe them : fyue of them were fastened one to another ; the kynge was lose, 
 and went before and led the deuyse. 
 
 Whan they entred into the hall euery man toke so great hede to them that they for- 
 gate the torches : the kynge departed fro his company and went to the ladyes to sporte 
 Avith them, as youth requyred, and so passed by the queue and came to the duchesse of 
 Berrey, who toke and helde hym by the arme to knowe what he was, but the kyng 
 ■wolde nat shewe his name. Than the duches sayd : ye shall nat escape me tyll I knowe 
 your name. In this meane season great myschyefe fell on the other, and by reason of 
 the duke of Orly^ance ; howebeit, it was by ignoraunce, and agaynst his wyll, for if he 
 had consydred before, the myschefe that fell, he wolde nat haue done as he dyd for all 
 the good in the worlde ; but he was so desyrous to knowe what personages the fyue were 
 that daunced, he put one of the torches that his seruautes helde so nere, that the heate 
 of the fyre entred into the flaxe (wherin if fyre take there is no remedy), and sodaynly 
 was on a bright flame, and so eche of them set fyre on other ; the pytche was so fastened 
 to the lynen clothe, and their shyrtes so drye and fyne, and so ioynynge to their flesshe, 
 that they began to brenne and to cry for helpe : none durste come nere theym ; they 
 that dyd, brente their handes, by reason of the heate of the pytche: one of them, called 
 Nanthorillet," aduysed hym hone the botry was therby ; he fled thyder, and cast him- 
 selfe into a vessell full of water, wherin they rynsed pottes, whiche saued hym, or els he 
 had ben deed as the other were, yet he was sore hurt with the fyre. Whan the quene 
 herde the crye that they made, she douted her of the Kynge, for she knewe well that he 
 shulde be one of the syxe, wherwith she fell in a sowne, and knightes and ladyes came 
 and comforted her. A pyteous noyse there was in the hall. The duchesse of Berrey 
 delyuered the kynge fro that parell, for she dyd caste oner him the trayne of her gowne, 
 and couered him fro the fyre : the kynge wolde haue gone fro her. Whyder wyll ye 
 go? quod she; ye se well howe your company brennes. What are ye? I am the 
 kyng, quod he. Haste you, quod she, and gette you into other apparell, that the quene 
 maye se you, for she is in great feare of you. Therwith the kynge departed out of the 
 hall, and in all haste chaunged his apparell, and came to the quene ; and the duchesse 
 of Berrey had somwhat comforted her, and had shewed her howe she shulde se the 
 
 kynge 
 
 ' Nantouillet. * Savage?. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 591 
 
 kynge shortely : therwith the kynge came to the quene, and :is soone as she sawehym, 
 for ioy she eiibrased hyin and fell in a sowne ; than she was borne into her chambre, 
 and ihe kynge wente with her. And the bastarde of Foiz, who was all on a fyre, cryed 
 ener with a loude voyce : saue the kynge, sane the kynge. Thus was the kynge saued. 
 It was happy for hyin that he went fro his company, for els he had ben deed without 
 remedy. This great myscheife fell thus about mydnyght in the hall of saynt Powle in 
 Parys, where there was two brente to dethe in the place, and other two, the bastarde of 
 Foiz and the erleof Jouy, borne to their lodgynges, and dyed within two dayes after in 
 gret mysery and payne. Thus the feest of this niaryage br.ike vp in heuynesse ; howe- 
 beit, there was no remedy ; the laulte was onely in the duke of Oilyaunce, and yet he 
 thought none yuell whanne he put downe the torche. Than the duke sayde: Syrs, 
 iette euery man knowe there is no man to blame for this cause, but all onely myselfe; I 
 ame sory therof : if I had thought as moche before, it shuldc nat haue happened. Than 
 the duke of Orlyaunce went to the kynge to excuse hym, and the kyng toke his excuse. 
 This case fell in the yere of oure lorde god a thousande, thre hundred, fourscore and 
 t welue, the tuesday beibre the feest of Candelmas : of whiche fortune great brute spredde 
 abrode in the realme of France, and in other countreys. The dukes of Burgoyne and 
 of Berrey were nat there present at that season ; they haddc taken their leaue before oF 
 the kyng, and were gone to their lodginges. 
 
 The next daye these newes spredde abrode in the cytie, and euery manne had mer- 
 ueyle therof; and some sayd howe God had sente that token for an ensample, and that 
 it was wysedome for the kynge to regarde it, and to withdrawe hymselfe fro suche 
 yonge ydell wantonnesse, whiche he had vsed ouermoche, beynge a kyng. The comons 
 of the cytie of Parys murmured and sayd : Beholde the great myshappe and myschiefe 
 that was lykely to haue fallen on the kynge ; he myght as well haue been brent as other 
 were. What shulde haue fallen than of the kynges vncles and of his brother? they 
 myght haue ben sure none of them shulde haue scaped the dethe; yea, and all the 
 knyghtes that myght haue been founde in Parys. As soone as the dukes of Berrey and 
 of Burgoyne herde of that aduenture, they were abasshed and marueyled greatly ; they 
 lepte on their horses and rode to the kyng, and coforted and counsayled hym, whiche 
 was necessary, for he was sore troubled, and the paryll that he was in was styll in his 
 ymaginacion : he shewed his vncles howe his aunt of Berrey had saued hym; but he 
 sayde he was very sorie for the dethe of the erle of Jouye, of sir yuan of Foiz, and of 
 sir Charles of Poicters. His vncles reconforted hym and sayde: Sir, that is loste canne 
 nat be recouered ; ye muste forgette the dethe of them, and thanke god of the fayre 
 aduenture that is fallen to your owne persone, for all the realme of Fraunce by this in- 
 cydent myght haue ben in great daunger of lesynge, for ye maye thynke well that these 
 people of Parys wyll neuer be stvH : for God knoweth, if the mysfortune had fallen on 
 you, they woide haue slayne vs all ; therfore, sir, aparell you in estate royall, and lepe 
 on your horse, and ryde to our lady in pylgrimage, and Ave shall accompany you, and 
 shewe youreselfe to the people, for they desyre soore to se you. The kynge sayde he 
 wolde so do. Than the kynges vncles toke aparte the duke of Orlyauce, and in curtesse 
 maner somwhat blamed hym of his yonge dede that he had done. He aunswered and 
 sayde, howe he thought to haue done none yuell. Than anone after y kynge and his 
 company lepte on their horses, and rode throughe the cytie to apease the people, and 
 came to our lady Churche,'' and there herde masse and offred, and thanne retourned 
 agayne to the house of saynt Poule, and lytell and lytell this mater was forgotten, and 
 the obsequyes done for the deed bodyes. 
 
 Ah, 
 
 * Notre Dame. 
 
592 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 Ah, erle Gascoyne' of Foiz, if this had fortuned in thy lyfe dayes, thou shuldest 
 haue had (rreat displeasure, and it had heen harde to haue peased the, for thou louedest 
 hym'' entierly. All lordes and ladyes through the realme of Frai^ice and elswhere that 
 herde of this chaunce had great marueyle therof. 
 
 Howe pope Bonyjace and the cardynab of Rome sent a frere, a wi/se derke, to the 
 
 frenche hyng. 
 
 CAP. CXCIII.^ 
 
 POPE Bonyface beyng at Rome with his cardinalles, reioysed of this said aduenture, 
 bycause the Frenche kyng was agaynst the. The pope sayde it was a token sente fro 
 God to the realme of Fraunce, bycause they supported the pope at Auygnon, who was 
 proude and presumptuous, and neuer had done good in all his lyfe, but disceyued the 
 worlde. The pope at Rhome and his curdynalles were in counsayle, and concluded to 
 sende to the frenche kyng secretely a man of prudence, a frere mynor, agreatclerke, and 
 he wisely to preche and to counsayle the kyng to folowe y waye of reason ; for they 
 said the kyng toke a wrog waye, seynge he was named to be the chiefe kyng of Christen- 
 dome, by whom holy churche ought to be illumyned and ayded ; wherfore they charged 
 this frere to go into France, and delyuered hym instructions of the effecte that he 
 shulde saye and do. This Avas done, but it was by leysar, for the Frere had farre to 
 go, and also knewe nat whether he shulde haue audyence whanne that he came thyder 
 or nat. 
 
 Nowe lette hym go on his iourney, and we shall somwhat speke of the busynesse of 
 Fraunce. 
 
 Natwithstandyng for all these aduetures, the dukes of Berrey and Burgoyne and their 
 counsayls lefte nat to pursue to haue distroyed y lorde de la Ryuer and sir Johan le 
 Mercier, who were in prisone in the castell of saynt Anthony, in the kepyng of the vy- 
 count of Archy ; and it was said that they shulde be put to dethe, and delyuered to the 
 prouost of the Chattelet ; and it was ordayned, that as sone as they shulde come into 
 his handes, that they shulde be beheded openly as traytours agaynst j'crowne of Fraunce; 
 and so ihey had been, if God had nat prouyded for them, and at the speciall instaunce 
 and request of the duchesse of Berrey : for and she had nat ben, their dethe had been 
 hasted ; specially she prayed for the lorde de la Riuer, for by his meanes she was 
 brought into Fraunce, and the maryage made bytvvene the duke of Berrey and her. She 
 sayde on a tyme to the duke her husbande, all wepyng: Sir, that is layd to the lorde de 
 la Ryuer is but a false sclaundre, and done for enuy ; and, sir, remembre what payne 
 and traueyle he toke to bring vs loguyder ; ye revvarde hym but smally to cosent to his 
 dethe. Thoughe all his landes and goodes be taken fro hym, yet lette hym haue his 
 lyfe, for and he dye in this opyn shame 1 shall neuer haue ioye in my herte. Sir, I 
 saye nat this of fayned corage, but that I say is with all my hole hert ; wherfore, sir, I 
 requyre you prouyde for his delyueraunce. Whan the duke herde his wyfe speke so 
 efiectuously, and also knewe well that she sayde but trouthe, than he had pytie and 
 swaged his displeasure ; and the lorde de la Ryuer had been the soner delyuered 
 and sir John Mercier had nat been, for they sought all the wayes that myght be 
 
 to 
 
 Gaston. "" Thy son." ;' Chapter CLXXXIX. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 593 
 
 to haue piilte hym to detlie, whiche they coude nat do, without bothe shiilde haue 
 dyed. 
 
 This sir Johan Mercyer hadde wept so moche in prison that his si-^ht was therby sore 
 febled : if they had folowed the duchesse of Burgoyns counsayle, they had ben putte to 
 execucyon longe before shamefully, without fauour, for she hated them, bycause they 
 and sir Olyuer'of Clysson had counsayled the kynge to go into Bretaygne, to warre 
 agaynst her cosyn the duke ; also she sayde that Clysson, le Ryuer, and Mercyer, were 
 causers of the kynges maladye ; howebeit, the kyng was well recouered and in good 
 estate. The dukes of Berrey and Burgoyne kepte styll the gouernauce of the realrae of 
 France, for they had great profyte therby : they had apoynted suche persones as them 
 pleased to be about the kyng. 
 
 In those dayes the kynge "bare the name of a kynge, but as touchyng the busynesse 
 parteynyntve to the crowne of Fraunce he was but lytell obeyed, for the dukes wolde se 
 and knowehowe euery thynge paste. 71re duchesse of Burgoyne was nexte persone to 
 the C^uene, wherewith the Duchesse of Orlyaunce was nothynge pleased, for she wolde 
 haue hadde the honoure and preemynence : and she sayde to suche as were secrete with 
 her: What, the duchesse of Burgoyne ought in no condycion to go before me, nor is 
 nat so nyghe to the crowne, as I am. My lorde my husbande is brother to the kynge, 
 and it niyght so fiill that he shulde be kynge and I queue ; I wotte nat why she shulde 
 take on her this honour, and putte me behynde. Thus some enuy was amonge these 
 ladyes. 
 
 Nowe lette vs leaue speakynge of them, and retourne to sir Olyuer of Clysson. 
 
 Ye haue herde howe he was sommoned fyftene dayes to apere in the parlyament 
 chambre, and how certayne knyghtes were sente into Bretaygne to seke for him, as 
 sir Philyppe of Sauoises and otber, who wente into Bretaygne and sertched for hym 
 in all places, but they founde hym nat, for he hydde hymselfe so couertly, that 
 they coulde neuer speke with hym, for if they hadde they wolde haue rested hym. 
 At their retourne into Fraunce they made relacyon of their voyage: than it was 
 judged by the lordes of the parlyament that sir Olyuer of Clysson, Constable of 
 Fraunce, hadde forfayted landes, lyfe, and goodes, and so iuged hym to be banysshed 
 foreuer out of the realme of Fraunce, and to lese all his off'yces and herytages within 
 the realme ; and bicause he had nat sente the Martell, whiche is the token of the 
 offyce of the Constablery as he was sommoned to do ; therfore the offyce was vacant 
 and voyde. Than the dukes and theire counsayles, suche as were agaynst syr Oliuer 
 of Clysson, thought necessarye to prouyde some persone to occupye the sayd office, 
 which was so noble and of so great renom, that it might nat long be without a gouer- 
 nour for the incidents that myght happe to fall. They aduysed that the lorde Coucye 
 was a mete man for it, and layde it to hym: but he excused hymselfe, and sayd: 
 that in no wyse he wolde medyll therwith, he wolde rather forsake the realme of 
 Fraunce. Whan they saw he wolde nat medyll therwith, than the dukes tooke other 
 aduvse. 
 
 Vol. II. 4G 
 
 //or. 
 
594 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 Howe the maiyage was treated of the lorde Phili/p of ArtliOT/s, Erie of Ewe, and the 
 lady Many of Berrey, Wydozve, doughter to the duke of Berey ; a)id howe he was 
 admytted Constable of' Fraunce. 
 
 CAP. CXCIIII.^ 
 
 IN this same sesone there was a tretie of mariage to be had bitwen the lorde Phihpe 
 of Arthois and the yong widow lady of Beney, somtym called coutesse of Duno,'' and 
 wyfe to Loyes of Bloys. The Frenche kynge wol'de gladly haue had this maryage 
 auaunsed, but the duke of Beney was natte wyllynge therto, for he thought the erl- 
 dome of Ewe but a small ihyng as to the regarde of her fyrste husbande ; wherfore he 
 thought to niary her more highlyer : indede the ladi was bewtifull, and endued with all 
 vertues y shulde apertayne to a noble lady ; howebeit, finally the duke of Berrey was 
 lothe to displease the kyng, yet he had many offers made hym for his doughter, as by 
 the young duke of Lorayne, by the erle of Armynake, and by the Sonne and heyre of 
 the Erie of Foiz. The kynge brake of all these maryages, and sayd to his vncle : Fayre 
 vncle of Berrey, we wyll nat that ye shall putte oure cosyn your doughter, come of the 
 Floure de lyce, into so farr countreyes; we wyll prouyde for her a maryage mete, for 
 we wold gladly haue her nere vs ; it ys right mete that she be with our aunt your wife, 
 for they be moche of one age. Whan the duke sawe the kynges entente, he refrayned 
 hymself of makynge of any promyse to any person for his doughter: and he sawe well 
 that the kynge enclyned his fauour to his cosyn the lorde Philyppe of Arthois, who 
 was a yonge lusty knyght, and of highe corage, and had endured many traueyls in 
 amies beyond the see and other place, and had atchyued many voyages to his great 
 laude and honoure. Than the dukes of Berrey and Burgoyne agreed bytwene the, that 
 if the kynge wolde gyue to theire cosyn Phillippe of Arthoys the office of constablery 
 of Fraunce, whiche as than they reputed voyde, by reason of the forfeture of syrOlyuer 
 of Clysson, than they two agreed at the kynges pleasur i this sayde maryage: for the 
 duke of Berrey thought that if he were constable of Frauce, he wulde than haue suffcient 
 to maynteyne his estate. On this the two dukes determyned to speak to the king, and 
 so they dyd, and sayd to hym: Sirs, your counsayle generally are all agreed that the 
 lorde Phillipp of Arthoys be prefered to the offyce of constableshyp of Fraunce, whiche 
 i^s now voyde ; for by iudgmente of your parlyament Olyuer of Clysson hath forfayted 
 y offyce, whiche may not be long vacant, but it wulde be preiudice to the realme ; and, 
 syr, both you and we also are bounde to auaunce and promote our cosyn of Arthoys, for 
 he is nere of bloode and of lygnage to vs ; and, sir, seinge the offyce is voyde, we can 
 not tel wher ye shulde better enploy it than on hym : he shall right well exercyse it; 
 he is wel beloued with knightes and squyers, and he is a man without enuye or couet- 
 ousness. These wordes pleased well the kynge, who answered and said : Vncle, yf it 
 be voyde, Ave had rather he had it than another. The kyngs vncles sued styll for the 
 lorde Phillipp of Arthoys, lory duke of Berrey hated sir Olyuer of Clisson, bycawse he 
 consented to distroye Betysache hys seruante ; and the duke of Burgoyn hated hym by- 
 cawse he made warre agaynst the duke of Bretayne, and yet the duchesse hated hym 
 worse: fynally, the king assented, so that the duke of Berrey wolde agre lo the mary- 
 age bytwene hys doughter and the lorde Philyppe of Arthoys ; and yet, to satysfye the 
 kinge and the duke of Orlyauce, who bare syr Olyuer of Clisson in that offyce, they 
 
 sente 
 
 ! Chapter CXC. " Dunois. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 595 
 
 sente syr Guyllyam of Bourdes and syr Guyllyam Mai tell, both knigjlites of the kynges 
 chamber, and syr Philyppe of Sauoises, a knyght of the duke of Berreys, into Bietayne, 
 to spake with syr Olyuer ol' Clysson. These knyghtes tooke theyre iourney and rode 
 to Angers, and there ihev foud the quene of Hierusalem and Johan of Britayne, who 
 reccyued them right honorablye for the hononre of the Frenche kynge ; ther they 
 taryed two dayes, and demaunded newes of syr Olyuer of Clysson, sayeng : they had 
 curteise leters and messag fro the Freeh kyng to hym, and fro none other persone : and 
 they were aunswered, no man coulde tel where he was, but that he was suerly in Bre- 
 tayne in one of his fortresses ; but they said he was so llyttyng fro one place to another, 
 that it was harde to fynde hym. Than these knightes departed, and toke leue of the 
 qnen and of her Sonne Charles the prynce of Tharent," and of Johan of Bretayne, earle 
 of Pothieu,'' and rode to Rennes : and the duke of Bretayne and the duchesse were at 
 wannes, and rode nat lightly forthe out of the town, for he euer douted the busshmentes 
 of his ennemye syr Olyuer of Clysson. There was so harde warre made bitwen them 
 that ther was no mercye but deth : and thoughe the duke was lorde and souerayne of the 
 countrey, yet there was nether barone, knyghte, nor squyer in Bretayne that wolde arm 
 them agaynst sir Olyuer of Clysson, but dyssymuled and sayde, that their warre 
 touched them nothyng ; wherfore they satte styll : the duke coude not haue none other 
 conforte. 
 
 Whanne these Frenche knyghtes were at Rennes, they enquired where to fynde sir 
 olyuer of Clysson, but they coude here no certayntye of hym : thanne they werre coun- 
 sayled to drawe to the castell of Joselyn, where syr Olyuer of Clyssons men receyued 
 them well, for the lone of the French kynge. Than they demaunded where they myght 
 here of syr Olyuer of Clysson, sayeng, they had to speke withe him fro the frenche 
 kynge and from the duke of Orlyaunce, and from none other persones ; but his men 
 coulde tell nothyng of hym, or els they wold nat tell ; but they sayde : sirs, suerly it 
 wyll be harde to fynde hym, for this daye he is in one place and to morow in another; 
 but yf yt please you, ye may ryde ouer all the duchye of Bretayne, and serch ouer al 
 hys fortresses and howeses, none shall be closed agaynst yow. Whan they sawe they 
 coulde haue none other answere they departed thence, and rode and vysyted all the 
 fortresses great and small, parteynynge to the lorde Olyuer of Clyssone : thane they 
 came to wannes, and there thei found the duke of Bretaie and the duchesse, who re- 
 ceyued them, and there they taryed but halfe a daye, and dyscouered nat to the duke the 
 secret mater that they came thither for, nor also the duke examined theim nothyng of 
 the mater ; also they could nat se there syr Peter of Craon. 
 
 Thus they toke leaue of the duke and of the duchesse and retourned to Parrys, wher 
 they foiide the kyng and the lordes, and there reported to the kynge and to the duke of 
 Orlyance how they hadd sought al the places and townes parteyninge to sir Olyuer of 
 Clysson, but in no wyse they coulde fynde hym. The dukes of Burgoyn and Berrey 
 were right glad of these newes, and wolde not it had ben otherwise : than anon after, 
 proceded the maryage bytwene the lorde Philip of Arthoys and the lady Mary of Ber- 
 jey ; and so thys lorde Philippe was Constable of Fraunce, and vsed the ofTyc with all 
 proflTytes and aduauntages therto belongyng of anncyent ordynaunces, yet the lorde 
 Olyuer of Clysson had not renounced the offyce, nor delyuered vp the Martell, whiche 
 is the token of the Constable of Fraunce : for he contynued, and sayd he wolde abyde 
 styll Costable, and had done no cause why to lese it nouther to the kynge nor to the 
 realme: he knew well the erle of Ewe was profered to haue the offyce of the Constable, 
 
 4 G 2 ^"<^ 
 
 ' Tarento. '' Pentliievre. 
 
596 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 and to enioye the profTytes therof, by consente of the Kyno;e and how he hadd maryed 
 the doii2;htei of the duke of Berrey, the lady Mary. He toke but lytell regarde to all 
 this, lor he knewe hymselfe true to tlie kynge and to tlie crowne of Fraunce, and knewe 
 well ail that was done agaynst hym was through euuy and hatered that the dukes of 
 Burgoyne and Berey had against hym. Thus the lorde ot Clysson lette the mater 
 passe, and contynued styll his vvarre agaynst y duke of Brelayne, whiche warre was 
 right fieise and cruell, without mercy or pytie. The lorde of Clysson rode ofter 
 abiode and layde busshmentes than the duke dyde ; and all other lordes of Bretayne 
 satte styll and wolde nat medyll. The duke dyde sende for the lordes of his eounirey, 
 and they came to speke with hym and to knowe his entent : than the duke requyred 
 them of their ayde and helpe agaynst his ennemy sir Olyuer of Clysson. Than the 
 lordes of Bretayne, as the vicout of Rohan, the lorde Dignan," the lorde Hermen of 
 Lyon, and dyuers other excused them, and sayd : they knewe no cause why, nor they 
 wolde nat make no warre agaynst the lorde Clysson, but they said they wolde right 
 gladlye endeuour themselfes to bringe them to a peace if they coude. Whan the duke 
 sawe he conde haue none other conforte of them, and parceyued well howe he lost and 
 was lykely to lese mo men in that warre than sir Olyuer of Clysson, than he consented 
 that the sayde lordes shulde go to sir Olyuer of Clysson and treate for a peace, and to 
 bringe hym vnder saueconducte to Wannes to speke Avith hym, at whiche time he sayd 
 he shuide l)e founde tretable, and to agre to all reason: and if syr Olyuer had done hym 
 any displeasure, that he myght liaueamendes accordynge to their aduyse. These lordes 
 were well agreed thus to do, and so they all thre wente to the lorde Olyuer of CIvsson, 
 and dyde so moche that they spake with hym (as I was enformed) in the castell of Jose- 
 lyn, and shewed him the dukes entent ; and moreouer to bringe them to a peace (for 
 they sawe well warre was nat fytting bytwene them, but greatly noyed the noble men, 
 marchaiJtes, and comons of Bretavgne) they sayd to the lorde Olyuer: Sir, if it wyil 
 please you to go to y duke, we shall bynde vs to abide here i this castell tyll your re- 
 tourne; and we donte nat, ye beynge ones in his presence, ye shall fynde him so re- 
 sonable that peace and good accorde shal be had bitwene you,. Sir Olyuer sayd : Sirs, 
 what shall it profyte you if I were deed? thynke you that I knowe nat the duke of Bre- 
 tayne ? he is so cruell and so haute, that for all his saueconducte, or whatsoeuer he 
 saythe, if he sawe me in his presece he wolde neuer cease tyll I were deed ; and thane 
 shulde you dye lykewise, for my men here w'olde soone slee you without mercy ; wher- 
 fore it is best that bothe you and I saue our lyues, rather than to putte vs in that daun- 
 ger: I shall kepe me fro hym and I can, and lette hym kepe hvm as well fro me. 
 Thane the lorde Charles of Dignan' sayde: Fayre cosyn, ye may saye as it please you: 
 but we thynke surely thoughe he sawe you, he wolde do you no displeasure: this that 
 we ofFre you is of good afl'ection, and to bringe you to accorde, and we praye you that 
 ye wyll thus do. Than y lorde Clysson sayde: Sirs, I beleue surely ye meane well; 
 but I ensure you vpon this assuraunce I shall neuer go to hym; but sitiie ye medell in 
 the mater bytwene vs, ye shall nat thynke that I shal be vnresonable ; i shall tell you 
 what I wyll do. Retourne you agayn to the duke, and saye that I wyll nat take you 
 for no pledge nor hostage ; lette hym sende me his sonne and heyre, who is maryed to 
 the doughter of Frauce, and he shall abyde here in this castell with my men tyll I re- 
 tourne agayne. This way I thynke more surer tha the other, for if ye shulde abyde 
 here (as ye oflTre) who shulde thane entremedell in the busynesse bytwene y duke and 
 me ? lor without a meane we shall neuer come to accorde. 
 
 Whan these lordes of Bretayne sawe they coude haue non other answere, they tooke 
 
 their 
 
 " Dinant. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 597 
 
 their leaues and retourned to Wanes to the duke, and shewed hym what they had done: 
 but in no wyse the duke wolde consente to seiide his sonne to tlie castell oFJoselyn: so 
 tlieir wane contynued slyll, wherby no persone durst ryde abrode, and marchaundyse 
 was hiyde downe, thoroiip,he wliiche the people of good tovvnes and cyties were sore 
 hindred, and pooie laborers lelte laboringe of the erthe. The duchesse of Burgoyn 
 couertly ayded her cosyii the duke of JBretayne w men of armes, as well of Burgoyne 
 as of other places, for the duke coude get none of his countrey to take his parte in 
 that qnarell agaynsl sir Olyuer of Clys'^^on: they alwayes dissynuiled the mater, except 
 suche as were of his owne liouse. The duke of Orlyaunce on the other parte loued 
 well the lorde Olyuer of Clysson, and secretely socoured hym Avith men, and sente 
 hym horses. Sir Olyuer of Clysson roode ofter abrode than the duke dyde ; and it 
 fortuned on a day he encountred two squyers of the dukes, the one called Bernard and 
 the other yuonet : they were taken and brought lo sir Olyuer, who was gladde of them : 
 he knewe them well ; one of them hadde done hym seruyce in tynie past, and the other 
 nat, but he had done hym displeasure. Than sir Olyuer said to yuonet: Remembrest 
 thou nat howe in the castell of Ermyne thou sheweddest me but small curtesy ; and thou 
 Bernarde haddest pyte on me, and dyddest putte of thy gowne and putte it on me wha I 
 stode in my doublet on y pauement, tlie whiche kepte me fro colde : I wyll now yelde 
 thy curtesy to the; thy lyfe shal be saued : but thou false knaue and traitour yuonet, 
 thou myghtest haue done otherwise tlia thou dyddest, therfore thou shalte repent it; 
 and therwith drewe his dagger and strake hym to the herte. Another tyme y lorde 
 Clisson rode, with thre hundred speares in his copany, towarde the castell of Alroy,' 
 where the duke and duchesse of Bretayne were: this was aboute Mydsomer, and by 
 fortune he encountred a fourtie of the Dukes seruauntes, who hiidde tyed their horses 
 to the trees, and had sickels in their hades, and were cuttyng downe the corne, and 
 makynge trusses to cary to their lodgynges lyke forragers. Whan the lorde Olyuer 
 came on them they were sore afrayde, and the lorde Oliuer said : Sirs, howe dare ye 
 come into the feldes to steale and to take awaye poore menes corne ? ye neuer sowed 
 them, and yet ye cutte theym downe or they be rype ; ye begyn haruest to soone ; 
 Leape on your horses and take youre sickels, for this tyme I wyll do you no hurt ; and 
 saye to the duke of Bretaygne, who is in Alroye," that if he wyll come or sende his men 
 to driue me away, here he shall fynde me tyll the sonne goynge downe. These poore 
 men were gladde they were so delyuered ; they feared to haue benslayne: so they re- 
 tourned tothe castell of Alroy' to y duke, and shewed hym what they hadde herde and 
 sene ; but the duke nor none of his men issued out of y castell. Many scrimysshes 
 were made in Bretaygne bytwene the duke and sir Olyuer of Clysson, and they of the 
 countre medled nat bytwene them. 
 
 Nowe we wyll leaue to speke of the duke of Bretayne and of sir Oliuer of Clysson 
 and of their warre, and speke of the busynesse bytwene Englande and Frace. 
 
 * Auray. 
 
 Of 
 
598 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART- 
 
 Of the forme of the peace made biiwene the Frenche hjng and the hi/ng of Englande. 
 hj meanes of the four dukes, vncles to bathe hi/nges. 
 
 CAP. CXCV.^ 
 
 YE haue herde here before, howe the parliamet was holden in the cytie of Amyence, 
 and howe the Englysshe lordes departed, and vpon what artycles: and hoAve the 
 Frenche kynge sent after into Englande to the duke of Lancastre, and the answere that 
 they hadde of the Englysshmen, who were harde to be brought to any peace: for it laye 
 iiat all onely in the kyng nor in the dukes of Lancastre and Yorke, for great parte laye 
 in the commens of Englande and archers, and other seruyng men ; they sayd howe they 
 had rather haue warre than peace, and many yong knightes and squiers were of y same 
 opynion, for by reason of the warre they had maynteyned their estates ; howebeit, per- 
 force they were fayne to obey as the kyng and his vncles wolde. The-duke of Lacastre 
 bycause his ii. doughters were queues, the one of Spaygne, the other of Portugale, and 
 also bycause he sawe the kynge his nephue enclyned to haue peace, he sayd the warre 
 had endured longe ynoughe, and sayde he wolde take payne therin, so it myght be for 
 the honour of the kyng and the realme. On the other partie the duke of Burgoyne dyde 
 all y he myght do to haue peace, consydring howe he was greatly charged w the busy- 
 nesse of Fraunce, and that his two nephues, the Frenche kynge and the duke of Orly- 
 aunce, were yonge of age and of discrecion ; also he consydred howe he was enherytour 
 to the duchy of Brabant, and thought that if euer Flaunders and Brabant shulde vary 
 agaynst the crowne of France with the ayde of Englande, as they had other tymes done 
 before, that the realme of Fraunce shulde than haue ouer moche to do. The duke of 
 Burgoyne was a wyse and a farre castyng prince, and depely regarded his busynesses : 
 this duke of Burgoyne, and the duke of Lancastre, tooke great payne to haue a par- 
 lyament agayn to be holden at Balyngham,'' whiche was agreed, and bothe partyes suf- 
 fycyently prouyded with full auctorites to conclude a full peace ; and this counsayle to 
 be holden at Balyngham," in the moneth of May than nexte after, in the yere of our 
 lorde god, a thousande, thre hundred, fourscore and xiii. and all suche as shulde be at 
 this assemble were named and apoynted. 
 
 Firste on the party of kynge Rycharde kinge of Englande were apoynted his two 
 vricles, the duke of Lancastre and y duke of Gloucestre, who were greatly in fauoure 
 with all the comons of Englande, and with all such y loued better to haue warre than 
 peace, and with them shulde be the archebysshop of Yorke, the hyssop of London, and 
 other clerkes of the lawe. It was apoynted that these lordes shulde come to Calays, (as 
 they dyd), aboute the myddes of Aprill, anone after the feest of saynte George, holden 
 at the castell of Wyndesore, by the kynge and other knyghtes of the ordre of the garter. 
 And on the frenche party there was assygned the dukes of Berrey and Burgoyne to be 
 there, and other counsaylours of Fraiice,"and it was ordeyned that they shulde come to 
 the towne of Boloyn, and the frenche king, who (as he shewed had great aflection to 
 haue peace bytwene Englade and hym), sayde to his vncles, that he wolde come as nere 
 to the parlyament as he myght, whervpon it was aduysed where the frenche kinge 
 shulde lye, the parlyament durynge at Balyngham :" some sayd at saynt Omers, and 
 some sayd at Thourayne, and some at Mutterell or Abuyle.' But all thynges consy- 
 dred, 
 
 I Chapter CXCl. ' ^ Leulinghem. * Montreuil, or Abbeville. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 599 
 
 dreJ, it was aduysed that the kyno;e shulde lye at Abuyle, hycause the towne was stronge 
 and well fouinysshed, and tliere euery man shulde be well lodged. Whan this was de- 
 termyned, prouysyoii was made tiieie for the kynge, and he to be lodged in the abbay 
 of saynt Peters, an abbay of blacke monkes, and tliyder came the kynge and the duke 
 ofOrlyaunce, and their coiinsayle, and the lorde Reynolde of Corby, chauncellour of 
 Fraunce. The dukes of Berrey and of Burgoyne, and suche other as were in their co- 
 itiyssioti, were at iioloyne. And the dukes of Lancastre and Gloucestre, and other, 
 were at Calays. It was goodly to beholde to se the ordre of this parlyamenl that was 
 holden at Balyngiiam," bytwene the frenchemen and englysshmen. There were tentes 
 and pauylyons pyght vp to relresshe bothe partyes, and twyse or thryse a weke the 
 comyssioners meite there in a fayre tente, ordayned for that purpose, abouie nyne o' 
 the clocke in the forenoone, and there comuned vpon many artycles. At whiche tyme 
 I Johan Froysart, (auctour of this booke), was at Abuyle, and desyrous to knowe the 
 eCTecte of this treatie, I enquyred the trouth of suche lordes and other as 1 thought 
 shulde knowe the cerlayntie; as it was shewed me, whan they entred into comunycasion, 
 and had sene eche others auctoryte, and perceyued that they had full power to con- 
 clude a peace, bothe by lande and see, bytwene Fiaunce and Englande, and all their 
 alyes: than one of the firste demaundes y the I'renchemen desyred, was to haue Calays 
 raced downe, in such maner that there shulde be neuer after any habytacion there. 
 Therto the dukes of Lac:istre and Gloucestre answered and said, how they had no suche 
 auctorite to cause Calays to be beaten downe, but y Englande shulde holde it in his de- 
 mayne and trewe herytage; and sayd, that if they purposed to entre any further in trea- 
 tye of peace, to seace of that demaunde, and to speke no more therof. Whan the dukes 
 of Berrey and Burgoyne herde their two co^yns of Englande answere so quyckly in that 
 case, they seased "to speke any more of that mater, for they sawe well their traueyle 
 shulde be but in vayne, and so than spake of other matters. Than the englysshe men de- 
 maunded to haue restytucyon of all suche landes as had been delyuered to kynge Ry- 
 charde their soueraygne lorde, or to kynge Edwarde the thyrde, or to any of their de- 
 puties or commyssioners, and also to haue fully payed the some of florayns that was 
 lefte vnpayed at the tyme whan the warre renewed bytwene Englande and Fraunce: and 
 this the englysshe clerkes and lawyers proued reasonable and lawfuU to be had. The 
 lordes and chauncelours of Fraunce argued to the contrary, and sayd : as to retourne all 
 the landes agayne to the gouernynge of the kyng of Englande and his successours, was 
 impossyble to be done : sayenge liowe suche landes, cyties, townes, castels, lordeshyppes, 
 and homages, as the Englvsshemen demaunded, were gyuen awaye whan the peace was 
 concluded at Bretygny, and after confermed and sealed at Calays, wherby they were 
 clene putawaye fro the kyng of Englande, whiche peace and grauntes was made in the 
 yere of our lorde god, a thousande, thre hudred, threscore and one;'' and thervpon the 
 frenche kyng; graunted to suche landes great lyberties by his othe, writyng, and pro- 
 messe, whiche in no wyse canne be broken agayne nor reuoked ; wherfore they sayd that 
 if the Englvsshemen purposed to haue peace, they shulde drawe to some nerer poynt. 
 Than by delyberacyon of the foure dukes, it was deuysed that the frenchemen, as well 
 as the englysshmen, shulde put all their demaundes in writynge, and the same to be de- 
 lyuered to eyther partye, that they might be regarded at length on bothe partes: and 
 suche as were vnreasonable to be rased and cancelled, and such as were good to be vp- 
 holden. This ordynauce semed to all parties good and reasonable. Before this ordre 
 was taken, y four dukes had to moche busynesse to do, specyally the englysshemen had 
 moche payne to here and to vnderstande the frenchemen, who were lull ol subtyle 
 wordes, and cloked perswacions and double of vnderstandynge, the whiche the irenche- 
 
 ' men 
 
 • Leulinghem, !" 1360. 
 
600 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 men wolde tourne as they lyst to their profyte and adnauntage, whiche englysshenietl 
 vsenat in their langage, lor their speche and entent is playne; and also the englisshmen 
 were enfournied that the Frenchemen had nat alwayes vpholden the aitycles, promyses, 
 and condycyons, ratyfied in the artycles ol" peace : yet the frenchmen wolde euer fynde 
 one poynte or other in their writynges, by some subtyle cloked worde, aflermynge that 
 the englysshemen had broken the peace, and nat they; wherfore whan the englysshe- 
 men sawe or herde in the frenchemens writynges any darke or cloked worde, they made 
 it to be examyned by suche as were proloundly lerned in the lawe, and if they foiinde it 
 amysse, they caused it to be canselled and amended, to the entent they wolde leaue no- 
 thynge in trouble : and the englysshmen to excuse themselfe, wolde say, that frenche- 
 men lernynge suche subtylties in their youth, muste nedes be more subtyle than they. 
 SonUynie suche frowarde wordes bytwene the parties greatly draue of the tyme of trea- 
 tie. The frenchemen helde themselfe fre, and thought they shulde nat be charged with 
 no suche demaundes, as to make restytucyon of all the landes, with the apendances 
 pertaynyng to the duchy of Acquytayne, with the arerages of that hath ben leuyed syth 
 the warre renewed, to y whiche they wolde neuer acorde. The frenchemen offred to 
 rendre the countre of Tarbe, and of Bygore, and the countye of Piergourl^ and Pyer- 
 gyns, and the countie of Agen and Agenoys ; but Kaours, Rouergue, Qiiercy and Ly- 
 mosyn, they wolde in no wyse delyuer, nor the countie of Ponthyeur, nor of the coutie 
 of Guysnes, more than the englysshmen hadde in their handes at the same tyme. Thus 
 these lordes contynued a fyftene dayes and made no conclusyon, but these dukes deter- 
 myned to sende worde to the two kynges, to gyue them knowledge what they had done. 
 The frenche dukes rode to Abbeuyle, and shewed the kynge all the mater, and howe 
 they had desyred their cosins of Englande to write the hole treatie to the kynge of Eng- 
 lande, and so they sayd they had promysed to do. And as I was enfourmed, on the 
 englysshe party the duke of Glocestre was harder to entreat than the duke of Lancastre : 
 and bycause the commons of Englande knewe somwhat of his entent, therfore they 
 agreed tliat lie shulde be sent to this treatye, for they knewe well that nothynge shulde 
 passe hym without it were for the honour of the realme. Thus these four dukes 
 amyably departed eche fro other, and concluded to mete there agayne the nynth day 
 after. Thus these englysshe lordes retourned to Calays, and the frenche lordes to Bo- 
 loyne, and so to Abuyle. That tyme in Abuyle there was a fayre garden, closed with 
 the ryuer of Somme, where as oftentyraes the frenche kynge passed the tyme; he sayd 
 to his brother of Orlyaunce, and to his counsayle, that his beynge at Abbeuyle dyd hym 
 moche good in his helthe. There was there the same seasone with the kynge, the kynge 
 Lyon of Armony,"' newly come thyder out of Grece ; and out of those marches, into 
 his owne coutrey he durst nat entre, for the turkeshad conquered it, except the stronge 
 towne of Conych, standynge on the see syde, whiche the genoways helde and kepte for 
 doute oftheturkes: for if the turkes had gotten that porte, they shulde hauedoone moche 
 yuell by the see to the cyprians and to the Rodes, and other boundes of crystendome: 
 the kyng of Armony" wolde gladly haue hadde peace bytwene Englande and Fraunce, 
 in trust that all yonge knightes and squyers shulde go into Grece to helpe to conquere 
 agayne his realme of Armony." Whan the frenche kynges vncles were come to Abbe- 
 uyle, the kynge was gladde and made theym good chere, anddemaunded howe they 
 had spedde ; and they shewed hym all the hole processe, and vpon what poynte diey 
 departed, wherof the kynge was gladde, for he shewed to be glad to haue peace. In 
 lyke maner the englyssh dukes, whan they came to Calays, they wrote to the kynge of 
 Englande all the poyntes and artycles of that treatye ; and shortly they had agayne a 
 good aunswere, comaundynge them to precede for a peace, sayenge, the warre had con- 
 
 tynevved 
 
 • Peritjord. ^' Leo of Armenia. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 60 1 
 
 Icynewed longe ynoughe, and that crystendome therby was sore domagcd. Thus at the 
 daye prefyxed, the dukes mette agayne at Balynghani," and with the frenche lordes 
 came the kynge of Artnony,'' to shewe to the lordes of Englande his busynesse and ne- 
 cessyte ; he was well knowen with the duke of Gloucestre, for he had ben in Englande 
 whan the frenche army was ordeyned at Siuse, to haue gone into Englande ; the duke of 
 Glocestre the same tyme receyued the kynge of Armony,'' and made hym good chere at 
 a fayre place of his in Essex, called Plasshey. At Balyngliani'' also the dukes of Eng- 
 lande made the kynge of Armony'' good chere, and was glad to here hym speke ; and 
 they aunswered hym that gladly they wolde ayde hym, wherof the kynge was ryght 
 ioyfull, Many thynges were treated in this parlyament. And all this season the car- 
 dynall of Line"^ lay at Abbeuyle, who was sente thyder in legacyon, by hym that called 
 hymselfe pope Clemente, for maters concernyng the churche. The frenche dukes at 
 this assemble at Balyngham^ wolde haue had certayne artycles comprised in their trea- 
 tie, concernynge the churche, and susteynynge the opynyons of this pope Clemente, 
 Robert of Geneue. But whan the Englysslie dukes harde that, they sayd to their cosyns 
 of Fraunce: Cosyns, and ye wyll that we shall fall to any poynte of conclusion, speke 
 no more of that cardynall : we haue nothyng to do with hym, his matter is a busynes 
 without profyte or efiecte ; we are determyned vpon a pope to whom we wyll obey : we 
 wyll here no spekyng agaynste hym ; if the other medle any thynge with vs we shall de- 
 parte and goo hence, and leaue all togyder. After that tyme there was no mo wordes 
 of that cardynall, he taried styll at Abbeuyle. Than these lordes proceded in their 
 treaties ; the duke of Lancastre was well enclyned to haue peace. The Frenche kynge 
 the yere before hadde sore desyred hym to be a good meane to entreate for a peace, and 
 so he promysed to do ; howbeit, his brother the duke of Gloucestre was harde to agre, 
 for he layde forthe the frenchemens dysceytes and colored wordes that they vsed al- 
 wayes in their writynges, sayenge : howe the frenchemen wolde alwayes wrestell with 
 their armes dyscouered, vvhiche was euer perceyued. On a daye there came a squyer 
 of honour, a frencheman, called Robert the hermyte, to y duke of Gloucestre, he was 
 one of the frenche kynges priuychambre ; whether he was sente to the duke of Glocestre, 
 or came on his owne heed, I can nat tell, but as the duke shewed me in Englande at 
 Plasshey, this squyer sayd to him : Syr, for the loue of god be nat agaynst this treatie of 
 peace, for ye se howe the lordes of Fraunce do their dyligence to bringe it aboute ; ye 
 shall do an almesse dede, for the warre hath to longe endured, and sythe that bothe 
 kynges are content to haue peace, all their subgiettes ought to obey therto. Than the 
 duke answered hym, as he sayd : Roberte, I am nat agaynst it, nor wyll nat be : but ye 
 frenchemen amonge you, ye haue so many coloured wordes, so darke and obscure to our 
 vnderstandynge, so that whan ye wyll it is warre, and whan ye lyst it is peace, thus 
 haue ye leddevs vnto this presente daye ; but if the kynge my soueraygne lorde had be- 
 leued me, and suche other of his realme as are boude to serue hym, peace shulde neuer 
 haue been bytwene Englande and Fraunce, tyll restytucyon had ben made to vs of all 
 that is taken fro vs without cause, by subtylte and crafte, as god and all the worlde 
 knoweth ; but sythe the kynge my souerayne lorde enclynech to the peace, it is reasone 
 that we agree to the same ; and therfore if we make a peace acordyng to the desyres of 
 bothe kynges, sythe we be here assembled, let it be well holden on your syde, for it 
 shall be well kepte on our partye. And thus the duke shewed me that this Roberte the 
 Hermyte departed fro hym, and went to his company. And so these lordes contynewed 
 styll their treatie. 
 
 I wyll make no further processe, but come to conclusyon. These foure dukes that 
 Vol. II. 4 H ' were 
 
 ' Leulingliem. '' Armenia. "^ De Luna. 
 
602 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 •were at this assemble, and had full power and auctoiite of their kynges to take a trewce, 
 and to make a peace, they dyd so in suche wyse, that a generall voyce and renome 
 ranne through the towne of Abbeuyle, that a peace was taken vpon certayne artycles 
 bytwene the two kynges, their alyes and confyderates. But 1 sir Johan Froyssart, auc- 
 tour of this hystory, beynge the same lynie in Abbeuyle, coulde nat lerne the certaynte 
 of the artvcles comprised in that peace; hovvebeit, I knewe that a peace was taken to 
 endure four yeres, to be kepte ferme and stable, bothe by see and by lande. And it 
 was concluded and agreed, that within the sayde space of the four yere shulde be dely- 
 uered to the kynge of Englande for euer, and perpetually to all kinges of Englande and 
 to his comyssioners, all the landes and sygnories in the countrey of Languedoc, and to 
 be as of the demayne and herytage of the crowne of Englande. And this doone and ac- 
 complysshed, it was agreed by the same ordynaunce, that certayne capitayns and their 
 men that helde some holdes and fortresses in the realme of Fraunce, shulde auoyde and 
 departe, all suche as made warre, and do make any warre, vnder the shadovve and co- 
 loure of the kyng of Englande and the Englysshemen, of whatnacyon so euer tliey were. 
 To all these artycles, these lordes that were as than at Balyngham,^ were bounde in 
 ■writynges sygned and sealed, and the copyes therof sent to bothe kynges. Than the 
 dukes of Lancastre and Glouceslre sent an harauld, called Marche, with letters to the 
 kynge of Englande, shewynge and declarynge all the hole processe and ordynaunce con- 
 cluded in their treatie, vpon the forme of peace. Thus this haraulde departed with his 
 letters, and rode to Calys, and passed oner to Doner, and rode forthe tyll he came to 
 the kynwe, who was at a manoure of his owne besyde London. Whan he came in the 
 kynges presence he delyuered his letters. And whan the kynge had redde them, he 
 was ryght ioyouse, and gaue to the haraulde, for his good tydynges bryngynge, great 
 giftes, as the same haraulde shewed me after at leysare, as I rode with hym into the 
 realme of Englande. These foure dukes of Fraunce and of Englande were styll at Ba- 
 lyngham,* and soiourned there in fayre tentes and pauylyons, and well and dylygently 
 perused and examyned the artycles of their treatie, and wolde passe nor scale to none 
 tyll all darke and obscure wordes were clerely declared and made perfyte. Nowe in the 
 same season there happed to fall a great lette and trouble in this matter, wherby all was 
 nyghe at a poynte to haue been broken and made voyde ; and it is reason I tell you the 
 cause, to the entent that the hystory be playne and trewe. 
 
 Ye haue herde here before howe the frenche kyng had great pleasure to lye at Ab- 
 beuyle, and also to be nere to here dayly howe y treatie wente forwarde at Balyngham :* 
 and whan the four dukes Avere at a poynt, (as ye haue herde), at the conclusyon of the 
 mater, the dukes of Lancastre and Gloucestre sayd, howe that it was the entensyon of 
 kynge Rycharde, kynge of Englande, and his counsayle, that pope Bonyface beynge at 
 Rome, (whome the Romayns, Almayns, Hungaryons, Lumbardes, Venysyans, and all 
 the nacyons of the worlde chrystened, helde to one pope, and he that named hymselfe 
 Clement degraded and condepned), that they shulde desyre the frenche kynge to take 
 the same way. Whan the dukes of Berrey and Burgoyne vnderstode those wordes, the 
 duke of Burgoyne, (to the entent somewhat to please his cosyns of Englande, and to the 
 entente that their treatie of peace shulde nat be hyndred thejby), sayd : Fayre cosyns, 
 we desyre you to haue some respyte to take counsayle vpon that mater, whiche was 
 graunted them: and thervpon they toke counsayle, and than aunswered, and the duke 
 of Burgoyne spake and sayd : Fayre cosyns, the mater and questyon ot the two popes, 
 is nat couenable to be moued nor spoken of here amonge vs, and we marueyle why ye 
 put this mater in comunycacion, for at the fyrst begynnyng of our treatie, ye refused to 
 
 se 
 
 * Leulins:hciii. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 603 
 
 se or to speke with the Legate de la Lyne,' who is as yet in Abbeuyle, wherfore we rest 
 vs on that. Whan the cardynalles at Rome dyd chose pope Vrbayne, and after his 
 dyscease pope Bonyface, none of our party nor yet of yours were called to thatelectyon, 
 and in lykewyse we saye of Clement, who is at Auygnon ; we saye nat agaynst, but that 
 it were great almes to apease theym, and to vnyte the churche, who so myght entende 
 to do it; but lette vs leaue that mater, and lette the vnyuersitees and clerkes determyne 
 it; and whan all our busynesse is concluded, and a ferme peace ratifyed, than by the 
 counsayle of our cosyn the kynge of Almayne,'' we shall entende therlo gladly on our 
 partye, and in lykewyse do you on your partie. With this aunswere the dukes of Eng- 
 fande were well content, for it semed to them reasonable. Than they aunswered and 
 sayde: Fayre cosyns, ye haue sayde very well, we are content with the same. Thus 
 that mater rested. Than there fell another great lette and trouble, for the frenche 
 kynge who had layne at the towne of Abuyle a great season, bycause of the great dis- 
 portes, pleasure, and pastyme that he foude there, sodaynly he fell agayne into his 
 maladye of fransy, in lyke maner as he had ben the yere before. He that fyrst per- 
 ceyued it was syr Willyam Martell, a knyght of Normandy, who was ahvayes nere to 
 the kynges persone in his priuy chambre. The same seasone the dukes of Berrey and 
 Burgoyne were at Boloyne, or at Balyngham,'^ vpon thende of their parlyament, and 
 they had in a maner all concluded for that seasone. And as soone at the duke of Or- 
 lyauce, brother to the kynge, knewe of this chaunce of the kynges sycknesse, and that 
 he had sene hym, he sente a secrete squyer of his, named Bonyface, to his vncles to 
 Boloyne, aduertisynge them secretly of the kynges dysease. Whanne the dukes knewe 
 that, they were ryght sorye and departed, for Uiey had allredy taken their leaues of 
 their cosyns of Englande, who were also departed to Calays, and taryed there to here 
 tydynges fro the kyng of Nauerre, and fro the duke of Bretaygne : for they hadde 
 moued in their treatie that the castell of Chyerbourge, standynge on the see syde, vpon 
 the close of Gonstantyne," in Normandy, whiche the kynge of Englande had in gawge 
 and in kepynge, as I was enfourmed, for the some of threscore thousande nobles of 
 Englande, that the frenche kynge shulde paye the sayd somme, and the castell to re- 
 tourne to the kynge of Nauerre, and also the stronge castell of Brest that the englysshe- 
 men helde, shulde retourne to the duke of Bretaygne. The dukes of Berrey and Bur- 
 goyne abode nat the conclusyon of that matter, but came to Abbeuyle, and founde the 
 kynge in ryght yuell estate of his helthe, whereof they were sory : the kynges sycknesse 
 was kepte secrete as longe as it myght be, but it was nat very longe, for suche aduen- 
 tures are soone spredde abrode. Thus all the lordes that had been in Abbeuyle de- 
 parted one after another, euery man home to his owne bowse. Than it wasdetermyned 
 that the kynge shulde be caryed in an horse lytter to the castell of Crayll, upon Oyse, 
 where he had ben before : thyder he was conueyed by nyght tyme, and the daye tyme 
 he rested, for the heate of the sonne. The duke of Berrey, and the duke of Orlyaunce, 
 rode to Crayell with the kynge, and the duke of Burgoyne rode into Arthoys, and into 
 Flaunders, vysitynge his countreys, and founde the duchesse his wyfe at the castell of 
 Hedyn. As than there was no mo wordes spoken of the lorde de la Ryuer, nor of 
 syr Johan Mercyer, they were as than all forgoten ; no man spake of their greuaunce, 
 nor of their delyueraunce. This seconde malady that Charles the frenche kynge was 
 fallen in, dyd put away greatly the spekynge of the people. The wyse and sage men 
 of Fraunce feared before greatly this chaunce, for they sawe the kynge was lykely to 
 fall into that malady, by reason of the great excesse that he had vsed in tyraes paste, 
 and through the feblenesse of his heed. Mayster William of Harsley was as than 
 
 4 H 2 newly 
 
 • De Luna. . >■ Germany. * Leulingbem. '' Coutantin. 
 
604 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 newly deed, and suche as were nere about y kyng coude nat tell where to haue a e;ood 
 sure phisicyon to wayt vpon f kyng; howbeit, they that were about him dyd y bes£ 
 they coude deuise. 
 
 Of the dethe of pope Clement at Auygnon, and of the lectyon of pope Benedic, 
 
 CAP. CXCVI.^ 
 
 IN that tyme in the moneth of Septembre, passed out of this worlde at Auygnoir, 
 Roberte of Geneue, named pope Clement ; and it came by hym as he had alwayes said 
 before, whan any man spake of the peace and vnyon of the church, he wolde say al- 
 wayes, howe he wolde dye pope, and so he dyd, in maner as ye haue herde here before, 
 wrongfully or ryghtfully I wyll nat determyne. Than the Cardynalles there were sore 
 abasshed, and studyed whome they myght chose to be pope. The same tyme the 
 Frenche kynge retourned agayne to his helth, wherof all suche as loued him had great 
 ioye, and specyally the good quene, who had gyuen moclie almesse, and done many 
 pylgrymages for the kynge, and caused generall processyons to be made in Parys. As 
 I was enfourmed y cardynals at Auygnon dyd electe and chose to be pope the cardynall 
 de la Line.'' To speke truely this cardynall was an holy manne and of good lyfe. This 
 electyon was made condyclonally, that if the frenche kynge and his counsayle were con- 
 tent therwith, or els nat. Nowe regarde and considre the great subiectyon that the 
 churche was in, in that, where the churche shulde be free, they submytted them to be 
 vnder suche as shulde haue ben ordred by theym. Thus this cardynall de la Lyne" 
 was chosen pope, and named Benedic ; he gaue generall graces to all clerkes that wolde 
 come to Auignon, and by the cousayle of his bretherne the cardynalles, he wrote of 
 the creacyon of his papalyte to the Frenche kynge : but as I was enfourmed the kynge 
 toke lytell regarde therto, for as than he was nat determyned whether he shulde take 
 hym for very pope or nat, and thervpon the kynge sent for the greatest clerkes of the 
 vnyuersyte of Paris, to haue their aduyse and counsayle. Than mayster Johan of 
 Gygencourte, and mayster Pyer Playons, (who were in prudence and lernyng, the 
 greatest clerkes in Parys), sayde to the kynge in the name of all the hole vnyuersyte, 
 howe that the cysme of the churche corrupted the crysten fayth, and howe that it myght 
 nat longe endure in that estate, without all crystendome shulde repent it, and rynne in 
 great daunger, and specially the prelates and preestes of the churche. They of the 
 vnyuersyte were determyned to sende no rolles to Auygnon, for any clerkes to haue 
 any graces of this pope Benedyc. The frenche kynge sawe well their opynyons were 
 reasonable, and wolde haue none of his clerkes enrolled to seke for the popes graces, 
 tyll the maler were better determyned. Thus that mater abode styll in that estate; 
 howebeit, the duke of Berrey exalted greatly this pope Benedic, and sent his roll, 
 wherby moche people were pui ueyed of graces of this Benedic. The duke of Burgoyne 
 and the duchesse dyssymuled the mater with the kinge, and so dyd the duke of Or- 
 lyaunce, with many other great lordes of Fraunce : and some for fauoure helde them 
 to this pope Benedyc, who denyed no man his graces, to the entent that his courte at 
 Auygnon shulde be full, and to haue the more reputacyon. The duke of Bretaygne 
 folowed the frenche kynges opinyon, for he was before tyme so abused by the enfor- 
 macyon of his cosyn the erle of Flaunders, that his herte wolde neuer enclyne to be- 
 
 leu€ 
 
 ' Chapter CXCI!. I De Luna, 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 605 
 
 kue on pope Clemente, thougli tlie cleikes of Bretaygne beleued and helde hym for 
 pope. So whan any promocyon was voyde in Fraunce, the kynge promoted his clerkes, 
 wilihout gyuynge any knowledge tlierof to this pope Benedic, wlierwith he and his car- 
 dynalles at Auygnon were sore abasshed, and douted leste the frenche kynge uolde 
 restrayne suche rentes and profytes as they were wonte to haue of the benefyces gyuen 
 in the realme of Fraunce. Than they determyned to sende a legate into Fraunce to 
 speke with the kynge and his counsayle, to knowe howe he wolde ordre hym agaynst 
 the churche, and to shewe hym howe that he that is chosen pope is vnder this condy- 
 cyon, that if he be pleased, than he to abyde styll as pope, or els they to put hym out 
 of his papalyte, and the cardynals to enlre agayne into conciaue, and chose one after 
 the kynges pleasure. At this tyme was come to Paris, and was about the kynge, the 
 freer niynour a meke man, who was sente into Fraunce by pope Bonyface of Rome : 
 the frenche kynge herde gladly this freers prechynge. Than came into Fraunce the 
 legate fro Auygnon, who was a great and a subtyle clerke, and welllangaged. Than 
 the hole vnyuersyte counsayled the kynge, and sayde howe it were well done that 
 eyther Bonyface, or els Benedyc, to be put oute of their papalyte, and all his cardy- 
 nalles to be putte out of their cardynalyties, and in stede of them to be chosyn good 
 clerkes, wysemen, and of good conscyence, as well of Almayne," and Fraunce, as of 
 other nacyons, and they to be sette toguyder by good delyberacyon and counsayle, 
 without fauour or yuell wyll, to sette the churche therby at one poynt with one pope. 
 They sayde, they sawe well there was none other waye to bringe it to a good conclusyon, 
 bycause pride and enuy so reygned in the worlde, that the princes and lordes eche 
 helde their owne partie. This preposycion that the vnyuersile hadde made before the 
 Icynge, pleased right well the kynge, and the dukes of Orlyaunce and of Burgoyne ; 
 and the kyng sayd he wolde write and sende messangers to the kynge of Almaygne," and 
 of Boesnie," and of Hungry, and to the kyng of Englande, and he thought hymselfe 
 sure ynough of the kynges of Castyle, ofNauer, ofAragon, ofCicyie, of Naples, and 
 of Scotlade, that they wolde obey to suche a pope as he and his realme obeyed vnto : and 
 vpon this the frenche kyng sente his letters and messangers to these sayde kynges. 
 There was good leysar in doing of this, bothe in goyng and comyng agayne with an- 
 swere. And in y meane tyme there passed out of this worlde at Parys, the noble clerke 
 mayster Johan of Gygencourt, of whose dethe the kynge and the lordes, and y hole 
 vniuersyte were right sorie, for he lafte nat his felowe behynde him, and he had in 
 his dayes taken great payne to reforme the churche, and to haue brought it into a 
 perfyte vnyte. 
 
 Of a clerke named mayster Johaji of Warennes. 
 
 CAP. CXCVII.= 
 
 THE same season there was a great clerke at Auignone, bothe of Scyence^ and of 
 prudence, doctor in the lawes and auditor of the palais of the nasion of Renes,"* called 
 maister Johan of Warennes: and by reason of suche seruice as lie had done to pope 
 Clement and to other, he was greatly auauced and promoted with benefices, and he was 
 at y poynt to be a bysshop or a cardynall ; he had been chapelayne with one at Auyg- 
 
 none, 
 
 » Germany. ,' Bohemia. ' Chapter CXCIII. t Rheims. 
 
606 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 none, called saynte Peter of Lusenbourge : the same maister Johan Warenes for all his 
 promocions he resigned the all, and retayned to hymselfe but a small lyueng, and that 
 was the sextenry of our lady churche in Renes,' vvorthe by yere, if he be resydent, a C. 
 frankes, and in absence but xxx. and so departed fro Auignon, and came to dwell nere 
 to Renes, in a village called saint Ley : and there he ledde an holy lyfe, and preched y 
 worde of god, and exalted moche the pope at Auygnon, and conaepned in his wordes 
 the pope at Rome : he was visited of moche people of all countreis that came to se hym, 
 and to se y holy lyfe that he ledde : he fasted euery day: some people sayd t.'.at y car- 
 dynals at Auignon, by ciafte and subtylte, hadde sent hym thider to exalte and to co- 
 lour their opinyon, or els he was come thider to shewe his holy lyfe ; he wolde in no 
 wyse be called the holy man of saynt Ley, but the audytor; he had alwayes in his 
 copany his mother ; he sayd masse euery daye deuoutly, and all that was gyuen him, 
 he wolde gyue it agayne for goddessake ; he wolde aske nothyng of no man. 
 
 Nowe lette vs leaue spekyng of hym, and speke of oilier busynesse, as the mater 
 requyreth. 
 
 Howe the king of Englande gaue to the duke of Lancastre and to his heyres for 
 euer the duchy of Acquytayne, and howe the kyng prepared to go into Irelande, 
 and the duke into Acquytayne. 
 
 CAP. cxcvin.'' 
 
 YE haue lierde here before in this hystorie, howe trewce was taken bytwene Eng- 
 lande and Fraunce, and there adheretes and alyes, bothe by see and by lande ; for all 
 that, yet there were robbers and pyllers in Languedocke, whiche were straungers and 
 of farre countreis, as of Gascoyne, of Bierne, and of Almaygne," and amonge other sir 
 Johan of Grayle,"* bastarde, (sonne somtyme of the Captall of Beufes,'' a yonge and an 
 experte knyght,) was capitayne of the stronge castell of Bouteuyll ; these capitayns of 
 the garysons in Bigore, and marchynge on the realme of Arragone, and on the fronters 
 of Xaynton, and in the marchesse of Rochell, and of the garyson of Mortaygne, were 
 sore displeased that theymyght natte ouer rynne the countrey, as they were accustomed 
 to do : for they were straitlye commaunded on payne of greuous punysshment, to do 
 nothyng that shuldc soude to the reproche of the peace. 
 
 In this season it was agreed in Englande, consyderynge that the kynge was yonge, 
 and that he hadde peace with all his ennemyes farre and nere, excepte with Irelande, 
 for he claymed that lande of enherytauce, and his predecessours before him, and was 
 written kyng and lorde of Irelande ; and kynge Edwarde, graunfather to kynge Ry- 
 charde, made allwayes warre with the Irysshemen : and to tlie entente that the yonge 
 knyghtes and squyers of Englande shulde enploye themselfe in dedes of amies, and 
 therby to augment and encrease the honour of the realme, it was concluded that kynge 
 Rycharde of Englande shulde make thyder a voyage with puyssauce of nienne of warre, 
 and so to entre into Irelande, and nat to retourne agayne without they hadde an ho- 
 nourable composycion or conclusyon. The same season it was concluded, that the duke 
 of Lancastre, who had greatlye traueyled bothe by see and by lande, for the augmenta- 
 cyon and honour of the realme of Englande, shulde make another voyage with fyue 
 
 hundred 
 
 • Rheims. " Chapter CXCIV. ' Germany. ' Greilly. ' Buch. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 607 
 
 hundred menne of armes, and a thousande archers, and to take shyppynge at Hampton, 
 or at Plommoutlie, and so to sayle to Guyane,'' and to Acquitaygne. And it was the 
 entencyon oi" kynge Rycharde, and by consent of all his counsayle, that the duke of 
 Lancastre shulde haue for euer to hym and to his heyres, all the countrey of Acqui- 
 tayne, with the purtenaunces, as kyng, Edwarde his father had, or any other kynges, 
 or dukes of Acquitayne, before tyme had holden and optayned, and as kyng Rycliarde 
 at y tyme had: reserued always the homage that he shulde do to the kynge of I'Lnglande, 
 and to any kynges to come after; but as for all the obeysauces, rentes, lordshyppes, and 
 reuenewes, shulde parteygne to the duke of Lacaslre, and to his heyres for euer: of 
 this tlie kyng made to hym a clere graunt, and confyrmed it vnder his writyng and 
 scale. With this gyfte the duke of Lacastre was well cotent, and good cause why, 
 for in that duchy are larides and countreis for a great lorde to maynteygne his estate 
 withall. The Charter of this gyfte was engrosed and dewly examyned, and pasleby 
 great delyberacyon, and good acluyse of counsayle ; beynge present the kynge and his 
 two vncles, the dukes of Vorke, and the duke of Gloucesire, the erle of Salisbury, the 
 erle of Arundell, the erle of Derby, sonne to the duke of Lancastre, and also therle 
 Marshall erle of Rutlande, the erle of Northuberlande, the erle of Nottyngham, the 
 lorde Thomas Percy, the lorde Spensar, the lorde Beamonde, the lorde Willyam of 
 Arundell, the archebysshoppe of Caunterbury, and the archebysshoppe of Yorke, and 
 the bysshoppe of London, and other, all these were presente, and dyuers other Pre- 
 lates and barownes of Englande. Thanne the duke of Lancastre purposed to make hii 
 prouisyon to passe the see to go into Acquitayne, to enioye the gyfte that the kyng hadde 
 gyuen hym. In lykewise great prouisyon was made for the kynges voyage into Irelande 
 and lordes and other were apoynted, suche as shulde passe the see with the kyng, and 
 had warnyng to make the redy. 
 
 Of the dethe of Quene Anne of Englande, wyje to kynge Richarde, dotiglUer to the 
 kynge of Boesme,^ and Emperoiir of Almaygne." 
 
 CAP. CXCIX.-* 
 
 THUS, (as I haue shewed), great preparacyons was made at the portes and hauyns, 
 where as the kynge shulde take shyppynge for to go into Irelande ; and in lykewyse 
 there as the duke of Lancastre shulde passe to go into Acquitayne. Their voyage was 
 lette and taryed y space of two monethes lengar than it shulde haue ben, and I shall tell 
 you why. 
 
 The same season that all these preparacyons Avas made, the Q^uene named Anne tooke 
 a sickenesse, wherby the kynge and all his lordes were ryght sore troubled, for she was 
 so sore sicke that she passed out of this worlde at the feest of Penthecost, the yere of our 
 lorde god a thousande, thre hundred, fourscore and fourlene, of whose dethe the kynge 
 and all that loued her, ladyes and damoselles, were sore troubled, and in great heuy- 
 nesse : she was buryed at Poules, in London, and her obsequies done after at good ley- 
 sar, for the king wolde haue it done sumptuously, with great habudaunce of waxe, 
 tapers, and torches, so that the lyke hadde nat beu sene before. The kynge wolde haue 
 it so, bycause she was the Emperours doughter of Rome, and kyng of Almaygne.' 
 
 The 
 
 • Guienne, " Bohemia. ' Germany. f Chapter CXCV. 
 
608 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 The kynge loued her so entierly. They were maryed yonge ; howebeit, she dyed with-* 
 out issue. Thus in one season the kynge, the duke of Lancastre, and the erle of Derby, 
 were wydowers ; and there was no spekynge of remaryeng, nor the kyng wolde here 
 no spekynge therof Thus the kynges voyage into Irelande was somwliat retarded and 
 let; howebeit, the prouisyon, and other lordes, suche as shulde go with the kynge, 
 passed ouer the see and landed at Duuelyn,^ whiche was alwayes Englysshe, and there 
 is an archebisshoppe who was with the kynge. And anone after Mydsomer the kynge 
 departed fro the marchesse of London, and toke the waye throughe Wales, huntyng 
 and sportynge hym, to forgette the dethe of his quene, and suche as shulde go with tiie 
 kynne sette forwarde. Two of the kynges vncles, Edmonde duke of Yorke, and Tho- 
 mas duke of Gloucestre, constable of Enghtnde, sette forwarde in great arraye, so dyde 
 otiier lordes, as the erle of Rutlande, sonne to the duke of Yorke, the erie marshall 
 erle of Salisbury, the erle of Arundell, the lorde Wyllyam of Arundell, the erle of 
 Northumberlande lorde Percy, lorde Thomas Percy his brother, great Seneschall of 
 Englande, the erles of Deuonshyre and Notyngham, and great nombre of other knightes 
 and squiers, suche reserued, as abode behynde to kepe the marchesse agaynst thescottes, 
 who were suche people as neuer kepte no truce nor promyse. The lorde Johan of 
 HoUande, erle of Huntyngton, was as than on his waye to Jerusalem, and to saynt Ka- 
 theryns mount,'' and purposed to retourne by the realme of Hungry, for as he passed 
 through Frauce, (where he hadde great chere of the kyng, and of his brother and vn- 
 cles,) he herde howe the kyng of Hungry, and the great Turke, shulde haue batayle to- 
 gyder, therfore he thought surelye to be at that iourney : on the other syde the duke of 
 Lancastre came to Plomouthe, where his shippes laye redy ; and whan his men were 
 come, and his vesselles all charged, and had wynde at wyll, they toke shippyng and 
 disancred and sayled towardes Burdeaux, on the ryuer of Garon. 
 
 Nowe lette vs speke of the kyng of Englande, who had in his copany four thousande 
 menofarmes, and thyrtie thousande archers ; they shipped at thre places, atBristowe, 
 at Holyheed, and at Herforde," they passed ouer daylye. And in Irelande all redy 
 there was a valyaunt knyght of Englande, called erle of Ormonde : he helde landes in 
 Irelande, and so dyde his predecessours, but it was as than in debate. The erle Mar- 
 shall of Englande hadde the vowarde with fyftene hundred speares, and two thousande 
 archers. The kynge of Englande and his two vncles toke shyppinge at Herforde'^ in 
 Wales. Thus the army passed ouer without domage, and than they were lodged in 
 Irelande, by the apoyntement of the duke of Gloucestre, costable of Englande, and by 
 the marshals, all abrode in thecountrey, beyond y cytie of Duuelyn," a xxx. myle, for 
 the countrey was as thane inhabytable ; howebeit, they laye wysely and surely for feare 
 of the yrisshemen, as nede was, or els they myght haue taken great domage ; and the 
 kynge and his vncles were lodged in the cytie of Duuelyn,* and as it was shewed me all 
 the Avhyle they were there, they were largely prouyded of vitayls, for the Englysshe- 
 men are suche men of warre as can well forrage and take aduautage, and make good 
 prouisyon for theselfe and their horses. And what fell of this voyage I shall shewe you 
 here after, as I was enformed. 
 
 Dublin. " St. Catharine of Mount Sinai. ' Haverford-west ? 
 
 Howe 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 609 
 
 Howe sir Johaii Vioissart arri/ued in Englande, and of the gyjie of a bake that 
 
 he gaue to the ki/ug. 
 
 CAP. CC 
 
 TREVVE it was, tliat I sir Joliau Froissart, (as at that lyme treasourer and chanon of 
 Chymay, in the erldonie of Heynaulte, in the diocese of Liesre), had great affectyon to 
 go and se the realnie of Englande, whan I had ben in Abhcnyle, and sane that trewce 
 Avas taken bytwene tlie reahnes of Englande and Fraunce, and other countieis to them 
 conioyned, and there adherentes, to endure four yeres by see and by lande. Many 
 reasons moued nie to make that voyage; one was, bycause in my youthe I hadde been 
 brought vp in the court of the noble kynge Edwarde the thyrde, and of quene Philyppe 
 his wyfe, and amonge their chyldren, and other barones of Englande, that as than were 
 alyue, in wliome I founde all noblenesse, honour, largesse, and courtesy ; therefore I 
 desyred to se the countre, thynkynge therby I shulde lyue moche the lengar, for I 
 liadde nat been there xxvii. yere before, and I thought, though I sawe natte those lordes 
 that I lefte alyue there, yet at the leest I shulde se their heyres, the whiche shulde do 
 me moche good to se, and also to iustifye the hystories and maters that I hadde written 
 of them: and or I toke my iourney, I spake with duke Aubert of Bauyere,'' and with 
 the Erie of Heynaulte, Hollande, Zelande, and lorde of Freese,^ and with my lorde 
 Wyllyam erle of Ostreuaunt, and with my right honourable lady Jahane duchesse of 
 Brabant and of Lusenbourge, and with the lorde Engerant, lorde Coucy, and with the 
 gentyll knyght the lorde of Gomegynes, who in his youthe and myne had been toguy- 
 der in Englande in the kynges courte ; in lykewise so had I sene there the lorde of 
 Coucy, and dyuers other nobles of Fraunce, holden great housholdes in London, whan 
 they laye there in hostage for the redempcion of kynge Johan, as than Frenche kynge, 
 as it hath been shewed here before in this hystorie. 
 
 These sayd lordes, and the Duchesse of Brabant, counsayled me to take this iourney, 
 and gaue me letters of recommendacyon to the kynge of Englande and to his vncles, 
 sauynge the lorde Coucy: he wolde nat write to the kynge bycause he was a Frenche- 
 man, therfore he durste nat, but to his doughter, who as than was called duchesse of 
 Irelande ; and I had engrosed in a fayre boke well enlumyned, all the matters of 
 amours and nioralytees, that in four and twentie yeres before I hadde made and com- 
 pyled, whiche greatly quickened my desyre to go into Englande to se kyng Rycharde, 
 who was Sonne to the noble prince of Wales and of Acquitayne, for 1 hadde nat sene 
 this kynge Rycharde sythe he was christened in the Cathedral I churche of Burdeaux, 
 at whiche tyme I was there, and thought to haue goone with the prince the iourney into 
 Galycia in Spaygne ; and whane we were in the cytie of Aste,** the prince sente me 
 backe into Englande to the Q^uene his mother. 
 
 For these causes and other I hadde great desyre to go into Englande to se the kynge 
 and his vncles. Also I hadde this said'fayre boke well couered with veluet, garnysshed 
 with elapses of syluer and gylte, therof to make a present to the kynge at my fyrst com- 
 mynge to his presence; I hadde suche desyre to goo this voyage, that the payne and tra- 
 ueyle greued me nothyna;. Thus prouyded of horses and other necessaries, I passed 
 
 Vol. II. 4 I the 
 
 ' Chapter CXCVI. ' Bavaria. Friczlancl. ' Dax. 
 
610 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 the see at Calais, and came to Douer, the xii. daye of the moneth of July; whane I 
 came there I founde no man of my knowledge, it was so longe sythe I had been in Eng- 
 lande, and tlie houses were all newly cliauged, and yonge children were become men, 
 and y women knewe me natte, nor I theym ; so I abode halfe a daye and all a nyght at 
 Doner ; it was on a Tuesdaye, and the nexte daye by nyne of the clocke I came to Can- 
 terbury, to saynt Thomas shrine, and to the tombe of the noble prince of Wales, who 
 is there entered ryght richely ; there I herde masse, and made myne ofTryno^e to the 
 holy saynt, and thanne dyned at mylodgynge; and there I was enformed howe kyng 
 Richarde shulde be there the nexte daye on pylgrimage, whiche was after his retourne 
 out of Irelande, where he had ben the space of nyne monethes or there about: the kyng 
 hadde a deuocyon to visyte saynt Thomas shrine, and also bycause the prince his father 
 Vf-ds there buryed : than I thought to abyde the kynge there, and so I dyde ; and the 
 next daye the kynge came thyder with a noble company of lordes, ladyes, and damo- 
 selles : and whan I was among them they semed to me all newe folkes, I knewe no per- 
 sone ; the tyme was sore changed in xxviii. yere, and with the kynge as than Avas none 
 of his vncles ; the duke of Lacastre was in Acquitayne, and the dukes of Yorke and 
 Glocfestre were in other busynesses, so that I Avas at the firste all abasshed, for if I had 
 sene any auncyent knyght that had ben with kyng Edwarde, or with the price, I bad 
 ben well reconforted and vvolde haue gone to hym, but I coulde se none suche. Thane 
 I demaunded for a knyght called sir Rycharde Seury,^ whyder he were alyue or nat? 
 and it was shewed me yes, but he was at London. Than I thought to go to y lorde 
 Thomas Percy, great seneschall of Englade, who was there with the kyng : so I ac- 
 quaynted me with hym, and I founde hym right honorable and gracyous, and he offied 
 to present me and my letters to the kynge, wherof I was right loyfuU, for it behoued 
 me to haue some meanes to bringe me to the presence of suche a prince as the kynge of 
 Englande was ; he Avente to the kynges chambre, at Avhiche tyme the kynge was gone 
 to slepe, and so he shewed me, and badde me retourne to my lodgynge and come agayne, 
 and so I dyde ; and whan I came to the bysshoppes palays, I founde the lorde Thomas 
 Percy redy to ryde to Ospring, and he counsayled me to make as than no knoAvledge of 
 my beynge there, but to folowe the court : and sayd he wolde cause me euer to be well 
 lodged tyl the kyng shulde be at the fayrecastell of Ledes, in Kent. I ordered me after 
 his cousayle and rode before to Ospring ; and by adueture I Avas lodged in an house 
 where Avas lodged a gentyll knyght of Englande, called sir Wyllyam Lysle ; he Avas 
 taryed there behynde the kynge, bycause he had payne in his heed all the nyght before : 
 he was one of the kynges preuy chambre ; and whan he sawe that I Avas a straunger, and 
 as he thought, of the marchesse of France, bycause of my langage, we fyll in acquayn- 
 taunce toguyder : for gentylmen of Englande are curtesse, treatable, and gladde of ac- 
 quayntaunce ; than he demaunded what I was, and what busynesse I had to do in those 
 parties ; I shewed hym a great parte of my comynge thyder, and all that the lorde Tho- 
 mas Percy hadde sayd to me, and ordred me to do. He than ansAvered and sayde, howe 
 I coulde nat haue a better meane, and that on y Friday y kyng shulde be at the castell 
 of Ledes; and he sheAved me that whan I came there, I shuld fynde there the duke of 
 Yorke the kynges vncle, wherof I Avas ryght gladde, bycause I had letters dyrected to 
 hym, and also that in his youthe he hadde sene me, in the courte of the noble kyng 
 Edwarde his father, and with y queue his mother. Than on the Friday in the mornyng 
 sir Wylliam Lysle and I rode toguyder, and on the waye I demaunded of hym if he 
 had been with the kynge in the voyage into Lelande. He answered me yes. Than I 
 demaunded of hym the maner of the hole that is in Irelande, called saynt Patrykes pur- 
 gatorie, if it Avere trewe that was sayde of it or nat. Than he sayde, that of a suretie 
 
 suche 
 
 ' Slury. - ■ ■ 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. an 
 
 suche a hole there was, and that he hymselfe and another knyght of Englande hadde ben 
 there whyle the kynge hiye at Duuelyn,* and sayd howe they entred into the hoolc and 
 were closed in at the Sonne goynge downe, and abode there all nyglit, and the nexte 
 mornyng issued out agayne at the son risyng. Than I dcniauded if' he had any suche 
 strage sightes or vysions as were spoken of. Than he sayd, howe that whan he and his 
 felowe were entred and past the gate y was called y purgatorie of saynt Patryke, and 
 that they Avere discended and gone downe thre or four paces, discendyng downe as into 
 a cellar, a certayne hoote wapure rose agaynst them, and strake so into their lieedes, 
 that they were fayne to syt downe on the steeres, whiche are of stone ; and after they 
 had sytte there a season, they had great desyre to slepe, and so fell aslepe and slepte 
 there all nyght. Than I demauded that if in their slepe they knewe where they were, 
 or what vi^yons they had. He answered me, that in slepyng they entred into great 
 ymaginacyos and in marueylous dremes, otherwyse than they were wont to haue in their 
 chanibres : and in the niornynge they issued out, and within a shorte season clene for- 
 gate their dremes and visyons, wherfore he sayde he thought all that mater was but a 
 fantasy. Than I lefte spekyng any further of that matter, bycause I wolde fayne haue 
 knowen of hym what was done in the voyage in Irelande : and I thought as tha to haue 
 demauded what the kyng had done in that iourney ; but than company of other knyghtes 
 came and fell in communycacion with hym, so that I lefte my purpose for that tyme. 
 Thus we rode to Ledes, and thyder came the kyng and all his copany, and there I 
 founde the lorde Edmonde duke of Yorke. Than I went to hym and delyuered my let- 
 ters fro the erle of Heynaulte his cosyn, and fro the erle of Ostreuaunt. The duke 
 knewe me well, and made me good chere, and sayde: Sir Johan, holde you alwayes 
 nere to vs, and we shall shewe you loue and courtesy: we are boude thertofor the loue 
 of tyme past, and for loue of my lady the olde Queue my mother, in whose courte ye 
 were, we haue good remembraunce therof. Than I thanked hym as reason requyred. 
 So I was aduaunsed by reason of hym and sir Thomas Percy, and sir William Lysle ; 
 by their meanes I was brought into the kynges chambre, and into his presence by meanes 
 of his vncle the duke of Yorke. Than I delyuered my letters to the kyng, and he toke 
 and reed the at good leysar. Than he sayd to me that I was welcome, as he that hadde 
 ben and is of the Englysshe courte. As on that daye I shewed nat the kynge the boke 
 that I hadde brought for hym, he was so sore occupyed w great alTayres, that I had as 
 than no leysar to present my boke. The kyng was sore busyed there in counsayle for 
 two great and mightye maters: First was, in determynynge to sende sufficient messan- 
 gers, as therle of Rutlande his cosyn germayne, and Ihe erle Marshall, the arch- 
 bysshoppe of Dublyn, the bysshoppe of Ely, the lorde Loys Clyfforde, the lorde 
 Henry Beaumonde, the lorde Hughe Spensar, and many other, ouer the see to Charles 
 the Frenche kynge, to treate with hym for a maryage, to be hadde bytwene the kyng of 
 Englande, and the Frenche kynges eldest doughter, named Isabell, of the age of eyght 
 yeres. The secode cause was the lorde de la Barde, the lorde of Taryde, the lorde of 
 Pyntherne, the lorde of Newcastell," the lorde of Nesque,"^ the lorde ofCopane, and 
 the counsaylours of Burdeux, Bayon, andofDaxe, were come into Englande, and had 
 quickely pursued their mater, sythe the kynges retourne out of Irelande, to haue an an- 
 swere, of the requestes and processe that they had put forthe to the kyng, on the gyfte 
 that the kynge had gyuen to his vncle the duke of Lacastre, of the landes, seignories, 
 lordshippes, and barony es in Acquytayne, whiche they verifyed to pertaygne to the 
 kynge and realme of Englande; they hadde alleged to the kynge and his counsayle, that 
 his gyfte myght nat passe so, bycause it was vnprofytable and inutyle : for they sayd 
 all those landes heide of right and of the demayne of the crowne of Englande, wherfore 
 
 4 I 2 they 
 
 • Dublin. ;; Chateau-neuf. ^ De I'Evesque, 
 
612 ' THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 they sayde, they wolde nat disioyne nor disceuer the fro the crowne : they alleged fur- 
 thermore many other reasonable causes, as ye sliall here after in this processe : but thus 
 to haue cousayle of those two great matters, the kyuge had sente for the moost parte of 
 the prelates and lordes of Englande to be at the feest of Maudelyntyde, at a manner of 
 the kynges called Eltham, a seuyn Englysshe myles fro London ; and whan they had 
 taryed at Ledes a four dayes, the kyng retourned to Rochester and so to Elthame, and 
 so I rode forthe in the kynges company. 
 
 Of the refuce of thetn of Acquytayne made to the duke of Lancastre ; and horye they 
 sent into Englande to the kynge and his counsayle, shewyng hym the wyll of the 
 hole coutrey of Acquytayne. 
 
 CAP. CCI.^ 
 
 IN rydynge the waye bytwene Leades and Eltham, I demaunded of syr Willyam 
 Lysle and of syr John of Graily, capitayne of Bouteuyll, y cause why the king drewe 
 to London warde, and why that great counsayle shulde assemble at Eltham : they tolde 
 me, and specially syr Johan Graily rehersed to me playnly why y lordes of Gascon were 
 come thyder, and the counsaylours of the good townes and cyties. Thus I was en- 
 fourmed by this knight, who knewe the trouth, for he was often tymes amonge theym; 
 they and lie were in a maner all of one countrey and fronter ; he sayde thus: Surely 
 ivhan the Duke of Lancastre came fyrst into Acquytayne, suffycyently fournysshed 
 ■with charters and wrytinges, engrosed and sealed with the great seale of Englande, and 
 enrolled and fermely decreed with full accorde of all prelates and lordes of Englande, 
 and also by consente of the duke Edmonde of yorke and Erie of Cambridge, and of 
 Thomas duke of Gloucestre, though the sayd herytages might by succession haue come 
 to them, for Kynge Rycharde of Englande their nephue had as than no chyldren, and 
 these sayd two dukes were brethern germayns of father and mother to the duke of Lan- 
 castre: whiche duke, anone after he was come into Acquytayne, sente some of his coun- 
 sayle to the cytie of Burdeaux, to shewe to the Mayre and counsaylours of the towne the 
 fourme and tenoure of his request, and for what cause he was come into the countrey. 
 Whan they herde this they greatly marueyled ; howebeit, they ioyfully receyued the 
 Icynges and dukes comyssioners, for the honoure of the kynge, to whome they ought 
 their seruyce and obeysaunce. Than they desyred to take cousayle, and so they dyd: 
 than after they aunswered and said, that the duke of Lancastre, sonne to kynge Ed- 
 Tvarde, who had ben their lorde, was welcome amoge them, and none otherwyse ; for 
 they sayde, they had nat so farre forthe taken counsayle as to receyue hym to their soue- 
 rayne lorde, for they sayd that to kyng Rycharde their soueraygne lorde they had done 
 feauhie and homage, and as than he had made them no quylace. Than aunswered the 
 comyssioners and sayd : Syrs, feare nat but that ye shall haue suffycient dyscharge in 
 that behalfe, so ye take the duke to your souerayne lorde, for ye shal! st; by the content 
 of the kinges charters that there shall neuer questyon be made therof in tyme to come. 
 Whane they of Burdeaux sawe they were so nere touched, they founde theym another 
 socoure, and sayd : Fayre lordes, your comyssion extendeth nat all onely vpon vs, but 
 in lykewyse to them of tlie cytie of Bayon, and to the prelates and barones of Gascoyne, 
 and to all that be vnder the obeysaunce of the kynge of Englande ; ye shall drawe you 
 towardes them, and as they do and ordre the we shall folowe the same. Other aun- 
 
 swere 
 
 ' Chapter CXCVII. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 613 
 
 swere the coniyssioners coulde nat haue at that tyme of them of Burdeaux: than they 
 departed and rode to Lyborne, where the duke of Laiicastre laye. 
 
 Wllan the duke herde their aunsweres, he imagyned in hymselfe that the busynesse 
 that he was come thyder for, shulde nat be so sone atcheued as he trusted it shuldc haue 
 ben. Than he sent his cousayle to the cytie of Bayon ; and as they sped in Burdeaux 
 so they dyd there ; other answere coude they haue none: and fynally all the prelates 
 and noble men, counsaylours of cytes and good townes in Gascoyne, vnder the obey- 
 saunce of the kyng of Englande, conioyned them togyder, and concluded in the forme 
 and manner as I shall slievve you. They sayde they wolde gladly receyue f duke of 
 Lancastre into their cyties, townes, and castelles, as the sonne of kyng Edwarde, and 
 vncle to kinge Rycharde of Engllide, so that at his entringes he shulde solemply swere 
 that pesabiy and in good maner he and his shulde entreat the people without enforsynge 
 of any thynge, and to pay reasonably for euery thynge that they shulde dispende, and 
 also to swere thai he shulde nat oppresse nor cause to be oppressed the iurysdictyon of 
 the crowne of Englande, by no maner of waye nor accyon. The duke aunswered to 
 this and sayd, that he was nat come into the countrey to greue or oppresse the people, 
 but wolde rather kepe and defende them agaynst all men as his herytage : and desyred 
 and requyred theym that the comaundement of the kynge of Englande myght be ob- 
 serued and acomplisshed. Than the hole countrey by a comune voyce sayd, y in no 
 wyse they wolde departe fro the crowne of Englande, and that it was nat in the kynge 
 of Englandes power to gyue them away to another lorde, nor to put them fro the 
 crowne of Englande. These demaundes and denyenges were longe a debatyng bytwene 
 the duke of Lancastre and the lordes and townes of Gascon; and whan the duke sawe 
 none other remedy, than he made request to the countrey that the prelates and noble 
 men and cousaylours of the good townes shulde sende suffycient personages to the kynge 
 of Englande and to his counsayle, and howe he wolde sende in lykewyse notable per- 
 sones of his counsayle ; and loke whatsoeuer the kyng and his counsayle shulde deter- 
 myne in that cause, he promysed surely to abyde therby, whether it were with hym or 
 agaynst him. Than they of Gascon consydred well that his request was reasonable, and 
 agreed to do as the duke had desyred. Than the duke rode to Burdeaux, and was 
 lodged in the abbey of saint Aiidrewes, where he had ben lodged before tyme. Than 
 they of the cytie of Bayon and Dax apoynted suffycient personages to sende into Eng- 
 lande, and the barons of Gascon vnder the kinges obeysaunce sent in lyke wyse. Also ye 
 shall knowe, that whan y frenche kyng and his vncles vnderstode that the duke of Lan- 
 castre was peasably entred into the cytie of Burdeaux, and knewe nat for what entent, 
 nor whether he wolde kepe or breake the trewce, than he and his counsayle determyned 
 to sende to hym, to knowe somwhat of his entent. There was apoynted to go, the lorde 
 Boucyquaut, niarshall of Fraunce, the lorde Johan of castell Morante, and Joban 
 Barres of Barroys, and they to haue with them a thousande speares: thus they rode 
 forth tyll they came to the cytie of Agen, and there taryed : than they sent harauldes 
 and messu-agers to Burdeaux to the duke of Lancastre, shewynge hym howe they wolde 
 gladly speke with hym. The duke made these messangers good chere, and wrote 
 agayne to these lordes, certifyeng them, that where as they had great desyre to speke 
 with hym, in lyke wyse he had the same to speke with them ; and bycause they shulde 
 take y lesse payne, he promysed to come and mete with them at Bergerate.^ And whan 
 the frenche lordes sawe this letter, they gaue credence therto, and ordred them there 
 after ; and as sone as they knewe that the duke was come to Bergerate^ they departed fro 
 Agen and rode thyder: there they were receyued and lodged in the towne, and their 
 
 company 
 
 * Bergerac. 
 
G14 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 company in tlie subbarljes. These lorcles spake with the Duke, and shewed hym their 
 message. The duke rcccyued them swetely, and aunsweied and sayd, howe he wolde 
 be a good and a kynde oeyghbour to the frenche kyng and the reahiie, and to kepe and 
 raayntayne the trewce taken bytwene the two kynges : for he sayde he hymselfe was one 
 of the princypalles that ayded to make and ordayn that truce; wherfore he sayd he 
 ought nat nor wolde nat breke it, therof they myght be well assured. The dukes aun- 
 swere greatly pleased the lordes of Fraunce. Thus the duke and they were louingly 
 togyder, and the duke gaue them a great dyner and supper, and after, they tooke their 
 leaue, and the duke retourned to Burdeau.v and the frenchemen into Fraunce : they 
 founde in their waye the duke of Berrey at the cytie of Poycters, and they shewed hym 
 what they had doone. The duke of Berrey thought the duke of Lancasters answere 
 reasonable, and so dyd y frenche kynge and the duke of Burgoyne, and so the mater 
 abode styll in this estate ; and for this cause, quod sir Johan Graily, the duke of Lan- 
 castre hath sent hyther into Englande of his counsayle, as syr Wylliam Perreer and syr 
 Peter Clyfton, and twoclerkes lerned in the lawe, as mayster Johan Huche and mayster 
 Johan Rycharde of Leycettour,* to treate and to pleate his maters before the kynge and 
 his vncles ; and for this cause the kynge rydelh to Eltham, and shall be there on thurs- 
 day nexte, that shall be Mary maudelyn daye ; but what shal be done as yet I knowe nat ; 
 but as I am enfourmed of some englysshemen that knowe somwhat, the duke of Glou- 
 cestre will be princypally of the opynion y his brother the duke of Lancastre shulde 
 abyde styll in Guyen rather than to retourne agayne into Englande, bycause he was so 
 great with the kynge : for I ensure you this duke of Gloucestre is a marueylous mynded 
 man, proude and presumptuous ; he wolde rule all hymselfe, and he is so beloued of 
 the comynalte, that whatsoeuer he saythe they wyll enclyne to him. He caused the 
 valyaunte knyght the lorde Symon Burle,'' and the duke of Irelande, the archebysshoppe 
 of yorke, and many other knyghtes, and other of the kynges counsayle, to dye for 
 hatred and yuell wyll, durynge the seasone that the duke ofLancastre was beyond the 
 see in Castyle : he is more dred in Englande than beloued. 
 
 Nowe lette this mater passe, quod syr John Graily, and I shall shewe you nowe the 
 seconde busynesse that the kynge hathe to do, as I am enfourmed. The kynges plea- 
 sure is to be remaryed, and hath sertched oner all for a wyfe. If the duke of Burgoyne 
 or the erle of Haynalte liad any doughter to mary, the kynge wolde gladly haue had 
 one of them ; but they haue none but suche as be maryed. It hath ben shewed the 
 kyng that the kynge of Nauarre hath bothe susters and doughters, but he wyll nat en- 
 tende y wayes. The duke of Gloucestre hath a doughter able to mary ; he wolde 
 gladly that the kyng sliulde haue had her, but the kynge^ wolde nat, for he said she was 
 to nere of his kynne, for she is his cosyn germayne. The kynge enclyneth moste his 
 mynde to the Frenche kynges doughter, wherof all the countrey hath great marueyle 
 that he wolde take his enemyes doughter. The kynge is nat the beste beloued prince 
 of the wcrlde with his people, but he setteth lytell therby ; he sheweth always how he 
 had rather haue warre with any other realme than with France, wherfore he wolde haue 
 a good peace bytwene the frenche kynge and hym and their realmes: for the kynge wyll 
 often tymes saye that the warre hath endured to longe bytwene them, and that many 
 valyaunt men are deed therby on bothe parties, wherby the christen faythe is sore my- 
 nysshed and febled : and it is nat pleasaunt to the realme of Englande that he shulde 
 mary with Fraunce ; and it hath ben shewed hym that the doughter of Fraunce is ouer 
 yonge, and that this fyue or syxe yere she shall nat be able to kepe hym company: 
 therto he hath aunswered and saythe, that she shall growe ryght well in age, and though 
 
 he 
 
 ' Leicester? ^ Burley. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 615 
 
 he Hisle a season, he shall take it well a worth, and shall ordre her in the meane season 
 at his pleasure, and after the maner of Englande ; sayenge also howe he is yet yonge 
 ynou<Th to abyde tyll the lady be of age: no man canne breke the kynge out of this pur- 
 pose, and or ye departe ye shall here moche of this matter ; and thus for these causes 
 the kynge rydeth nowe to Ellham. 
 
 Thus this gentle knyght syr Johan of Graily and I deuysed togyther as we rode by- 
 twene Rochestre and Dertforde: this knight was capytayn of Bouteuyle, bastarde sonne 
 somtyme to the Captall of Beufz,^ and I herde his wordes gladly, and dyd put them in 
 memory; and all the way byiwene Leades and Eltham 1 rode most parte in his com- 
 pany and with syr Wylliam Lysle. Thus the kynge came to Eltham on a tuesday, 
 and on the wednysday the lordes of all costes began to assemble : thyder came the duke 
 of Gloucestre, and the erles of Derby, Arundell, Northumberlande, Kent, Rutlande, 
 and the erle Marshall, and the archebysshoppes of Caunterbury and yorke, and the 
 bysshoppes of London and Wynchester ; and on the thursday, aboute the lioure of 
 thre, they assembled togyther in the kynges chambre in the kynges presence : than the 
 knyghtes of Gascoyne were sent for, and the cousaylours of the good townes, and also 
 the Duke of Lancastres counsayle was sent for : I was nat preset, nor might nat be suf- 
 fred ; there were none but the lordes of the counsayle, who debated the mater more 
 than four houres ; and after dyner I fell in acquayntauce with an auncyent knyght, 
 whome I knewe in kynge Edwardes dayes, and he was as than of kynge Rychardes priuy 
 counsayle; he was called syr Rycharde Sury ;"* he knewe me anone, and yet in xxiiii. 
 yeres he had nat sene me before, whiche Avas at Colbridge, and at Bruselles, in the 
 house of duke Wyncelante" of Brabant, and of the duchesse Jahan of Brabant. This 
 knyght syr Rycharde Sury'' made me good chere, and demaunded of me many thynges ; 
 and I aunswered hym as I knewe : and as I walked vp and downe with hym in a galery 
 before the kynges chambre, I demauded hym questyons of that counsayle, and desyred 
 hym to tell meif he myght, what conclusion was taken : he herde me well, and paused a 
 lytell, and afterwarde sayd : syr Johan, I shall shewe you, for it is no mater to be hyd- 
 den and kept secrete, for shortly ye shall here theym publysshed all openly. Ye 
 knowe well, quod he, and 1 ame sure ye haue herde rehersed howe the duke of Lan- 
 castre is gone into Acquytayne, to reioyce thegyfte that the kynge my soueraygne lorde 
 hath gyuen hym, for the loue that he hathe to hym, for he hath doone the kynge ryght 
 good seruyce, and the crowne of Englande ; therfore in rewarde the kynge hathe 
 clerely gyuen to hym and to his heyres for euer the hole duchy of Acquitayne, so as it 
 extendeth in meles and lymytacyons, seneschalles, baylyages, sygnories, and wasse- 
 lages: and clene quyteth all them that holde of hym by faythe or othe, and in all ho- 
 mage the resorte reserued : more the kynge hath reseruedlo the crowne of Englande in 
 tyme to come ; and this gyfte is so sufficyently confermed, that all the kynges other 
 vncles and all the counsayle of Englande hath acorded therto, and the kynge hathe 
 gyuen specyall comniaundement to all his subgiettes in the sayd lymytacyons of Ac- 
 quytayne, to obey in all poyntes without any other meane, his dere and well beloued 
 vncle, duke Johan of Lancastre ; and after f syght of his letters to holde and to take 
 hym to their souerayne lorde, and to swere to hym faythe and homage, and to holde of 
 hym truely, as they haue auncyently done and helde at the date of those letters, gyuen 
 by the kyngof Englande or his deputies or comyssioners ; and whosoeuer that rebelleth 
 or speketh agaynst this the kynges grant, of what condycyon soeuer he be, to aunswere 
 therto within thre dayes. The kynge gaue to his vncle of Lancastre and to his commys- 
 sioners full power and puyssaunce to correcte them, and to put them out of all hope to 
 ^ * ^ haue 
 
 = Bucli. ^ Stury. ' Winceslaus. 
 
61G THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 liaiie any other rctourne or resorte ; yet natwilhstandynge all these letters and strayte 
 comaundenient ol the kynp;e, the good townes and cyties oFGascoyne, vnder the kynge 
 of Englandes obeysauce, and all other lordes, knyghtes, and gentlemen of the coun- 
 trey are conioyned togyther to kepe their townes close agaynste the duke, and wyll nat, 
 nor are nat in niynde to obey the duke in this case ; for they say, and haue sayd, and 
 yet susteyne at this houre, that the gyfte that the kynge hath gyuen to his vncle of Lan- 
 castre is nat suflfycient nor profitable, and out of the ordre of reason: and v duke, who 
 wolde nat wynne theym but by gentylnesse, herde pacyently their defences: and that 
 no further inconuenyentes shulde ensue, therfore his counsayle and their counsayles 
 are come hyther to debate and to declare the cause why they do nat obey the kynges co- 
 maundement: and surely, as this day they haue right wysely shewed their answere, 
 and layde forth certayne artycles of reason, and they haue ben well herde: and they 
 haue layde suche reasons, that in a maner the kynge and his counsayle thynke they 
 haue cause to abyde by their quarell ; I shall shewe you howe, but I wolde ye kepe it 
 secrete tyll it be knowen further abrode : and 1 aunswered, I wolde so do. Well, quod 
 the knyght, one (as me tliought was ofTyciall of Burdeaux) spake for all his partie, and 
 first shewed forthe his procuracyon and auctorite, to the entent he myght the better be- 
 leued: and than beganne and sayde, that the cytie of Burdeaux, and the cyties of Bayon 
 and Dax, and all the sygnories and lorshyppes that be appendaunt to the lymyttes of 
 the sayd countreys and cyties, are of so noble condycyon, that no kyng of Engiande 
 by no maner of accyon or dede may put awaye or dysceuer them fro the demayns of the 
 crowne of Engiande, nor to gyue or alyenate them to chylde, vncle, nor brother, by 
 reasone of maryage or otherwise ; and to veryfie this, we say that the aboue named 
 townes, cyties, and sygnories are suffyciently priueleged by kynges of Engiande, who 
 haue sworne faythfully to holde and to kepe vs so, without revocasyon: for as soone as 
 any Kynge of Engiande entreth into the possessyon of the herytage of the Crowne of 
 Engiande, he swereth sufficiently on the euangelystes to holde this, ferme and stable 
 without breakynge ; and ye ryght dere syr, as kyng of Engiande, haue made lyke 
 othe : and, syr, to veryfie this to be of trouth, beholde here these writynges ; and ther- 
 with he shewed forth letters and charters vnder the sygnes of notaryes imperyalles, and 
 sealed with the great seale of Engiande, gyuen by the same kynge Rycharde there beynge 
 present; and there openly he redde it frome clause to clause. The charter was well 
 herde and vnderstande, for it was bothe in laten and in Frenche, and it named in the ende 
 many wytnesses of prelates and great lordes of Engiande, who were for the more suretie 
 testes of that dede, at the leste to the nombre of xi. Whanne the kynges counsayle 
 herde this, they behelde eche other, and loked on the kynge: there was no man spake 
 a worde nor made no replycacion: whan he had redde it ouer, he folded it and put it 
 vp, and spake further, addressynge his wordes to the kynge, and sayde : Ryght dere 
 syr and redouted soueraygne lorde, and you my ryght dere lordes and other: at my 
 departynge out of the countrey I was charged to shewe you by the counsaylours of the 
 good cyties and townes of Gascoyne, beynge vnder the obeysaunce of the crowne of 
 Engiande, who hath well ouersene the fourme and maner of your commaudement, sent 
 vnto them vnder your seale, whiche they knewe right well, yet they thinke and say that 
 this comaundement may nat be obeyed, for if so were that the cyties and good townes of 
 Guyen wolde enclyne to receyue the duke of Lancastre to their lorde, and acquyte for 
 euer the homage and obeysaunce that they owe to you, it shulde be greatly to the pre- 
 iudyce of the crowne of Engiande : for thoughe it were so that at this tyme presente the 
 duke of Lancastre is the kynges vncle and subgiet, and well beloued, and wolde holde 
 and kepe all poyntes and artycles belongyng to the crowne of Engiande, yet it maye so 
 hap that suche loue and tenure may lyghtly be lost, by chaunge of heyres, by reason of 
 maryages that are made bytwene lordes and ladyes, in chaungynge fro one to another, 
 
 though 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 617 
 
 though they be nere of lygnage, by dyspensacyon of the pope : for sometyme it is of 
 necessyte that maryages be made of hyghe Princes or of their chyldren one with an- 
 other, to holde their landes and sygnories in loue and amyle ; and so it myght fall that 
 suche lieyres as myght dyscende ol the Duke of Lancasue shulde conioyne iheym by 
 maryage to the chyldren of some kynge in Fraunce, or of dukes of Berrey, Bretayne, 
 or erles of Foize, or Armynake, or" kynges of Nauarre, or dukes of Anion or of 
 Mayne ; and than they beynge beyonde the'see, peraduenluie in tiie parties of Fraunce, 
 shulde clayme their enherytaunce, and therby put the counlrey of Guyen in dyscorde, 
 and to bring it to be against the crowne of Englaiide: wherby the kynge of Englande 
 than reygnynge, and the realme also, shulde liaue peraduenture ouer moche payne to 
 recouer it agayne : and so the ryght to be put farre ol fro thence whervnto it shulde re- 
 tourne and be, as of the demayne of the crowne of Englande : whei fore, ryght dere syr 
 and redouled lordes and noble counsayllours, please it you to consydre all these poyntes 
 and artycles which I haue purposed in your presence, and determyne it as ye shall 
 seme best ; for syr, the full opynion of all the countrey is, they saye they wyll abyde 
 styll in the obeysaunce of you, ryght redouted lorde and kynge, and in the demayne of 
 the noble crowne of Englande: therwith this offyciall hekle his peace, and the prelates 
 and lordes eche of them regarded other. Than they drevve togyther and aproched to 
 the kynge, fyrste his two vncles, and the erles of Derby and Arundell : than they of 
 Acquytayne were comaunded to departe tyll they were called agayne: they departed, 
 and also the two knightes that were come thyder fro the duke of Lancastre. Than the 
 kyngdemaunded counsayle what shulde be done, and what aunswere shulde be made. 
 The' prelates tourned the aunswere to the kynges vncles, bycause the mater touched 
 them rather than any other: at the fyrst they excused them, sayeng they myght nat 
 well aunswere, for the mater was comune, and ought to be debated by comune coun- 
 sayle, and nat by lygnage nor fauour. Thus they bode a good space, but fynally the 
 aunswere was layde on the duke of Gloucestre, and he was prayed and requyred to 
 saye his aduyse. Than he aunswered and sayde, howe it was a herde thynge to take 
 away or to dysanull the gyfte of a kynge, confermed and sealed by the acorde of all 
 his subgiettes, and by delyberacyon of his specyall counsayle ; wherfore he sayde his 
 subgiettes shulde be rebell that wolde nat obey, for in that they wolde make that the 
 kynge shulde nat be lorde of his owne enheritaunce, if y he myght nat do with his 
 owne what it pleased hyni. Some glosed those wordes, and some thought in their co- 
 rage that the aunswere was nat reasonable, but they durst nat saye agaynst it, the duke 
 of Gloucestre was so sore dred ; and the erie of Derby, sonne to the duke of Lan- 
 castre, was there presente, who furthered those wordes, and sayde : Fayre vncle, ye 
 haue well sayd ; I am of your opinyon: therwith the counsayle began lo breke, and 
 some murmured one with another, and they of Guyen nor yet the duke of Lancasters 
 knightes were nat called agayne at that tyme. Whan the kynge sawe all the mater, he 
 dyssimuled a lytell, and it'was his entensyon that they shulde assemble togyther agayne 
 in counsayle after dyner, to se if any other propre way myght be taken for the honoure 
 of the crowne of Englande: than the kynge caused the bysshop of Caunterbury lo 
 speke of that he had gyuen hym in charge in the mornynge to speke of: that was vpon 
 the state of his maryage, and to sende into Fraunce. The lordes were of accorde, and 
 named them that shulde go, whiche were the archebysshoppe ol Duuelyn," the erle of 
 Rutlande, the Erie Marshall, the lorde Beaumonde, the lorde Hughe Spenser, the 
 lorde Loys Clyfforde, and twenty knyghtes and xl. squyers: these were sent Jnto 
 Fraunce to treat for the maryage of the frenche kynges doughter Isabell, of eyght yere 
 of age, and yet she w.as allredy promysed to the duke of Bretayns sonne, by a treatie y 
 Vol. II. 4 K was 
 
 • Dublin. 
 
61S THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 was made in Towrs in Thourayne. Nowe beholde howe this myght be broken, for the 
 Frenche kyn'j;e and liis vncles hadde sealed with the duke of Bretayne: yet for all that 
 thenglysshe anibassadonis had their charge gyuen vnto them ; and so they departed out 
 of Engiande and aryued at Calays, and there taryed a fyue dayes, and than departed 
 in great arave, and tooke the waye to Amyence : and they sente before Marche the 
 haraulde, who had brought to them saueconducte goynge and comynge, and besyde that 
 the lorde Monclieuerell was sette to be their guyde, and to se them serued of all thynges 
 necessary. 
 
 Nowe we shall leaue to speke of them, and retourne to our fyrste purpose. 
 
 Nowe as I haue shewed you before, the counsaylours of the cyties and good townes 
 of Acquytayne prayed the kynge and his counsayle, to whome they were boude, to 
 mayntayn their lyberties and fraunches, as in the demayne of the crowne of Engiande, 
 as he was sworne to do : affermynge that surely they wolde kepe their auncyente lyber- 
 ties, and wyll nat breke it for no maner of cause or condycion ; and in holdynge thus 
 their opynyon, foure partes of the counsayle and the comune voyce of the countrey 
 reputed theym for valyaunt and worthy men ; but the duke of Gloucestre was of another 
 opinyon, for he wolde that his brother the duke of Lancastre shulde haue bydden styll 
 in Acquytayne, for he thought he was ouer great in Engiande, and to nere the kynge: 
 as for his brother the duke of yorke he cared nat, for the duke of yorke was a prince 
 that loued his ease and lytell busynesse ; also he had a fayre lady to his wyfe, doughter 
 to the erle of Kent, on whome was all his pleasure ; but the duke of Gloucestre was sub- 
 tyle, and euer demaunded somwhat of his nephue kynge Rycharde, yet he was but poore, 
 for all that he was a great lorde and constable of Engiande, and erle of Hertforde and of 
 Perces.^ and of Bokyngham ; and also he had yerely out of the kynges cofers foure 
 thousande nobles, and neuer rode on the kinges busynesse nor for the realme one daye, 
 without he knewe why and wherfore ; for these causes he was nat indyfferent for the 
 maters of Acquytayne, for he wolde haue had his brother of Lancastre to haue bydden 
 still in Acquitayn for euer, for than he thought he wolde haue shyfted well ynoughe in 
 Engiande: as soone as he had sayd his sentence (as ye haue herde before), and that he 
 sawe some murmured in the kynges chambre, and that the prelates and lordes talked to- 
 gyther two and two, he issued out of y chambre, and the erle of Derby with hym, and 
 came into the hall at Eltham, and made a clothe to be layde on a table, and so sate 
 downe to dynner, and lefte all other styll talkynge togyther. Whan the duke of yorke 
 knewe that he was at dyner, he went to kepe hym company, and after dyner, whiche 
 he made shorte, the duke of Gloucestre dyssyinuled the mater, and tooke his leaue of 
 the Kynge syttynge at the table, and so departed, and toke his horse and rode to Lon- 
 don ; and the erle of Derby abode styll with the lordes that daye and the nexte daye. 
 Thus they of Acquytayne coulde haue none expedicyon nor delyueraunce. 
 
 I haue delyght to write this mater at length, bycause to enfourme you of the trouthe: 
 for I that am auctour of this hystory was presenle in all these maters, and this valyaunt 
 knyght syr Rycharde Surye^ shewed me euery ihynge ; and so it was, that on the sonday 
 folowynge all suche as had ben there were departed, and all their counsaylours, except 
 the duke of yorke, who abode styll about the kynge ; and the lorde Thomas Percy and 
 syr Rycharde Sury** shewed my busynesse to the kynge. Than the kynge desyred to se 
 my booke that I had brought for hym: so he sawe it in his chambre, for I had layde it 
 there redy on his bedde. Whanne the kynge opened it, it pleased hym well, for it was 
 fayre enlumyned and written, and couered with crymson veluet, with ten botons of 
 
 syluer 
 
 • Exetevf * Stuiy. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. ^l$ 
 
 syluer and gylte, and roses of golde in the myddes, wyth two great elapses gylte, 
 rychely wrought. Than the kyng demaunded me wherof it treated, and I shewed hym 
 how it treated maters of loue ; wherof the kynge was gladde and loked in it, and leed 
 yt in many places, for he coulde speke and rede French very well ; and he tooke yt to 
 a kny<rht of hys chambre, named syr Rycharde Creadon, to beare it into hys secrete 
 chambre : and the same sonday 1 fell in acquayntaunce with a Squyer ot Englande, 
 called Henry Castyde, an honest man and a wyse, and coud well speke Frenche : he 
 companyed wyth me, bycause he saw the kyng and other lordes made me good chere, 
 and also he had sene the boke that I gaue to the kyng ; also syr Rycharde Sury= had 
 shewed hym howe I was a maker of hystories. Than he sayd to me as heraiter 
 foloweth. 
 
 T/tc deiiyse, and of the conquesle thai kyng rycharde had made in Irlad ; and howe 
 he brought into his obeysaunce foure kynges of that countrey. 
 
 CAP. ecu." 
 
 SYR Johan, quod he, haue ye nat founde in the kynges courte sythe ye came hyder 
 
 no man that hath lolde you of the voyage that the kyng made but late into Irlande, and 
 
 in what maner the foure kynges of Ireland are come into the obeysaunce of the kyng of 
 
 Englande? and I aunswered, no. Than shall I shewe you, quod the squyer, to the 
 
 entent that ye raaye piitte it in perpetuall memorie, whan ye retourne into your owne 
 
 countrey, and haue leysar therto. 1 was reioysed of his wordes, and thanked hym. 
 
 Than he began thus, and sayd : Syr Johan, yt is not in memorie that eyther any kyng of 
 
 England made such appareyle and prouision for any iourney to make warre agaynst the 
 
 yrisshmen, nor suclie a nombre of men of armes nor archers. The kyng was nyne 
 
 monethes in the marchesse of Ireland to hys great cost and charge to the realme, for 
 
 they bare al hisexpeses; and the marchautes, cyties, and good towns of the realme 
 
 thought it well bestowed, whan they sawe the kyng retourne home agayne with honour. 
 
 The nombre that he had thyder, getylmen and archers, were foure thousande knyghtes 
 
 and XXX. thousand archers, well payed wekely, that euery manne was well pleased ; 
 
 but I shewe you, bycause ye should knowe the trouth, Ireland is on of the yuell coun- 
 
 treis of the world to make warre vpon, or to bring vnder subiection, for it is closed 
 
 strongely and'wydely with highe forestes, and great waters and maresshes, and Peaces 
 
 inhabytable; it is harde to entre to do them of "the countrey any domage, nor ye sha l 
 
 fynde no towne nor persone to speke wall, for the men drawe to the woodes, and dwell 
 
 in caues and small cotages, vnder trees and among busshes and hedges, lyke wylde 
 
 sauage beestes ; and whan they knowe that any man maketh warre agaynst the, and is 
 
 entred into their coutreis, than they drawe toguyder to the straytes and passages, and 
 
 defend it, so that no man can entre into them; and whan they se their tyrae, they wyll 
 
 sone take their aduauntage on their enemyes, for they know the countrey and ar lyght 
 
 people : for a man of armes beyng neuer so well horsed, and ron as fast as he can, the 
 
 yrissheinen wyll ryn afote as faste as he and ouertake hym, ye;i, and leape vp vpon 
 
 his horse behynde liym, and drawe hym fro his horse : for they are stronge men in the 
 
 armes, and haue sharpe weapons wyth large blades w two edges, after the maner ol 
 
 darte heedes, wherwyth they wyll slee theyr enemy; and they repute not a man ded 
 
 tyll they haue cutte his throte and open his bely and taken out his herte, and cary it 
 
 4 K 2 a^'^ye 
 
 ■ Stury. I Chapter CXCVIII. 
 
620 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 awaye wyth them : som saye, suche as knowe their nature, that they do eate it, and haue 
 great delyt therin : they take no man to raunsome ; and whanne they se at any encountre 
 that they be ouermatched. than they wyll departe asonder, and go and Iiyde themselfe 
 in busshes, woodes, hedges, and caues, so that no man shall lynd theym : also syr Wyl- 
 lyam of Wyndsore, who hath niosle vsed the warres in those parties of any other en- 
 glyssheman, yet he coidde neuer learne the maner of y countrey, nor know their con- 
 dycyons. They be herde people, and of rude engyn and wytte, and of dyuers fre- 
 quentacyonsand vsage ; they sette nothyng by iolyte nor fresshe apparell, nor by noble- 
 nesse : for though their realme be soueraynly gouerned by kynges, wherof they haue 
 plentie, yet they wyll take no knowledge of gentylnesse, but wyll contynewe in their 
 rudenesse, acordynge as they are brought vp. Trouthe it is, that foure of the princy- 
 pall kynges and moste puyssaunt, after the inaner of the countrey, are come to the obey- 
 saunce of the kyng of England by loue and fayreness, and not by batayle nor con- 
 straynte. The erle of Ormonde, who marcheth vpon them, hath take great payne, and 
 hath so treated with them, that they came to Duuelyn* to the kynge, and submyted 
 them to hym, to be vnder the obeysaunce of the crowne of England; wherefore the 
 kyng and all the realme reputeth tiiis for a great and honorable dede, and thynketh this 
 voyage well bestowed, for kynge Edwarde of good memory dyd neuer so muche vpon 
 them as kynge Rycharde dyde in this voyage: the honour is great, but the profyte is 
 but lytell, for though they be kynges, yet no man can deuyse nor speke of ruder per- 
 sonages. 
 
 I shall shewe you somwhat of their rudenesse, to the entent yt maye be ensample 
 agayne people of other nacyons ; I knowe yt well, for I haue proued it by themselues: 
 for whan they were at Duuelyn* I hadde the gouernance of them about a moneth, by 
 the kynges commaundement and his counsayle, to thentent that I should lerne them to 
 vse themselfe accordyng to the vsage of Englande, and bycause I coulde speke their 
 language as well as Frenche or Englysshe, for in my youthe I was brought vp amonge 
 theym ; I was with the erle of Ormonde, father to the Erie that nowe is, who loued me 
 Tight well, bycause I coud as than ryde and handell an horse metely well ; and it for- 
 tuned one tyme that the sayde erle (who as than was my maister) was sent with thre 
 hundred speares and a thousande archers into the marchesse of Ireland, to make warrc 
 with the yrisshemen, for alwayes the Englysshmen haue had warre with the, to subdue 
 and putte them vnder ; and on a daye as the sayd erle went agaynst the, I rode on a 
 goodly horse of hys, lyght and swyfte : thus I rode and folowed my mayster, and the 
 same day the yrisshemen were layde in a busshement, and whan wee came nere (heym 
 they opyned their busshement; thanne the Englysshe archers began to shote so egrely, 
 that the yrisshemen could not sufTre it, for they are but symply armed, therfore they 
 reculed and wentebacke: thanne the erle my mayster folowed in y chase, and I that 
 was well horsed folowed hym as nere as I coude : and it fortuned so that my horse was 
 afrayd, and toke his bridell in his tethe and ranne away with me, and whether I wolde 
 or not, he bare me so far forthe amonge the yrisshemen, that one of them, by lyght- 
 nesse of ronnynge, lepte vp beliynde me, and enbrased me in his armes, and dyde me 
 rone other hurt, but so ledde me out of the way, and so rode styll behynde me the 
 space of two houres, and at the laste brought me into a secrete place, thycke of busshes, 
 and there he founde his company, who were come thyder and scaped all daungers, for 
 the Englysshemen pursued not so farre : than as he shewed he had great ioye of me, and 
 ledde me into a towne and a stronge house amonge the woodes, waters, and myres. The 
 towne was called Harpely, and the getilman that toke me was called Brine Costeret ; he 
 
 was 
 
 • Dublin. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 621 
 
 was a goodly man, and as it hath ben shewed me, he is as yet alyue ; howebeit, he is 
 very aged. Thys Bryne Costeret kepte me seuyn yere wyth hym, and gaue me hys 
 doughter in maryage, of whom I hadde two doughters. I shall shewe you howe I was 
 delyuered. 
 
 It happened at the seuin yeres ende one of their kynges, named Arthur Mackemur,* 
 kyng of Lynster, made an armye agaynst duke Lyon ol Clarence, sonne to kyng Ed- 
 warde of Eng lande, and agaynst sir Wyllyam of Wynsore : and not farre fro the cytie 
 of Lynster, the Englysshemen and yrisshemen mette togyder, and many were slayne 
 and taken on bothe parties, but the Englysshemen obteygned the vyttorie, and the 
 yrisshemen fledde, and the kyng Arthur saued hymselfe, but Brine Costeret, my wyues 
 father, was taken prisoner vnder the duke of Clarence baner: he was taken on the same 
 courser that he toke me on ; the horse was well knowen among the erie of Ormondes 
 folkes ; and than he shewed howe I was alyue and was at his maner of Harpelyn, and 
 howe I had wedded his doughter, wherof the duke of Clarence, sir Wylliam Wynsore, 
 and the Englysshemen, were ryght gladde. Thafie it was shewed hym that if he wolde 
 be delyuered out of prison, that he shulde delyuer me into the Engiysshemennes hades, 
 and my wyfe and chyldren; with gret payne he made that bargayne, for he loued me 
 well, and my wyfe his doughter, and our chyldren ; whan he sawe he coulde make his 
 fynaunce none otherwyse, he accorded therto, but he reteigned myne eldest doughter 
 styll with him ; so I and my wyfe and our seconde doughter retourned into Englande, 
 and so I went and dwelte besyde Bristowe, on the ryuer of Syuerne : my two doughters 
 are maryed, and she in Irelade hath thre sonnes and two doughters, and she that I 
 brought with me hath foure sonnes and two doughters ; and bycause the langage of 
 yrisshe is as redy to me as the Englysshe long, (for I haue alwayes cotynued with my 
 wyfe, and taught my children the same speche), therfore the kyng my souerayne lorde 
 and his counsayle, comaunded me to gyue attendance on these four kynges, and to go- 
 uerne and bringe them to reason, and to the vsage and customes of Englade, seyng they 
 hadde yelded them to be vnder his obeysaunce, and of the crowne of Englade, and they 
 were sworne to holde it for euer ; and yet I ensure you for all that, 1 dyde my power 
 to ensygne and to lerne them good maner, yet for all that, they be ryght rude and of 
 grose engyn : moche payne I hadde to make them to speke any thyng in fayre maner: 
 somwhat I altred them but nat moche, for in many cases they drewe to their naturall 
 rudenesse. The kyng my soueraygne lordes entent was, that in maner, countenaunce, 
 and apparell of clothyng, they shulde vse accordyng to the maner of Englande, for the 
 kynge thought to make them all four knyghtes: they had a fayre house to lodge in in 
 Duuelyn,'' and I was charged to abyde styll with them and nat to departe ; and so two 
 or thre dayes I sufTred them to do as they lyst, and sayde nothynge to them, but folowed 
 their owne appetytes ; they wolde sytte at the table and make coiitenaunce nother good 
 nor fayre. Than I thought I shulde cause the to chaunge that maner : they wolde cause 
 their mynstrelles, their seruauntes, and varlettes, to sytte with them and to eate in their 
 owne dysshe, and to drinke of their cuppes ; and they shewed me that the vsage ol their 
 countre was good, for they sayd, in all thynges, (except their beddes,) they were and 
 lyued as comen. So the fourthe day I ordayned other tables to be couered in the hall, 
 after y vsage of Englande, and I made these four kynges to sytte at the hyghe table, and 
 there mynstrels at another borde, and their seruauntes and varlettes at another byneth 
 them, wherof by semynge they were displeased, and behelde eche olher and wolde nat 
 eate, and sayd howe I wolde take fro them their good vsage, wherin they hadde been 
 ftorisshed. Than I answered them smylyng to apeace theym, that it was nat honourable 
 
 for 
 
 • Mac Miirrough ? * Dublin. 
 
622 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 for their estates to do as they dydc before, and that they must leaue it, and vse the cus- 
 tom of Englande, and tliat it was the kynges pleasure they shulde so do, and how he 
 was charged so to order them. Whan they harde that they suffred it, bycause they had 
 putte themselfe vnder the obeysauce of the kyng of Englande, and parceuered in the 
 same as long as I was with them ; yet they hadde one vse whiche I knewe well was vsed 
 in their coutre, and that was they dyde were no breches ; I caused breches of lynen. 
 clothe to be made for them. Whyle I was with them I caused them to leaue many rude 
 thynges, as well in clothyng as in other causes. Moche ado I had at the fyrst to cause 
 them to weare gownes of sylke furred with Myneuere and gray : for before these kynges 
 thought themselfe well apparelled whan they hadde on a mantell. They rode alwayes 
 without saddles and styropes, and with great payne I made the to ryde after our vsage. 
 And on a tyme I deinaunded the of their beleue, wherwith they were nat content, and 
 sayd howe they beleued on god and on the trynite, as well as we. Than I demauded on 
 what pope was their affection. They aunswered me on hym of Rome. Thane I de- 
 maurided if they wolde nat gladly receyue the order of knyghthode, and that the kyng 
 of Englande shulde make tlie knyghtes, accordynge to the vsage of Frauce and Eng- 
 lande, and other countreis. They aunswered howe they were knyghtes allredye, and 
 that suffyced for theym. I asked where they were made knyghtes, and howe and whan. 
 They answered, y in the age of seuyn yere they were made knyghtes in Irelande, and 
 that a kynge maketh his sonne a knyght, and if tlxe sonne haue nofather alyue, than the 
 nexte of his blode maye make hym knyght, and thane this yonge knyght shall begyn to 
 iuste with small speares, suche as they maye beare with their ease, and rynne agaynst a 
 shelde sette on a stake in the felde, and the more speares that he breaketh, the more he 
 shal be honoured. I knewe their maner well ynough, though I dyde demaude it. But 
 than I sayd, that the knighthode that they had taken in their'youthe, suffyced nat to the 
 kynge of Englande, but I sayde he shulde gyue theym after another maner. They de- 
 maunded howe. I aunswered, that it shulde be in the holy churche, whiche was the 
 moost worthyest place. Than they enclyned somewhat to my wordes. Within two 
 dayes after the erie of Ormonde came to the, who coude right well speke the langage, 
 for some of his landes laye in those parties ; he was sente to them by the kynge and his 
 cousayle ; they all honoured hym and he them: than he fell in swete communycacion 
 with them, and he demaunded of them howe they lyked me. They aunswered and 
 sayde, well, for he hath well shewed vs the vsage of this countrey, wherfore we ought 
 to thanke him, and so we do. This aunswere pleased well the erle of Ormonde. Than 
 he entred lytell and lytell to speke of the order of chiualry, whiche the kyng wolde 
 they shulde receyue ; he shewed it them fro poynt to poynt, howe they shulde behaue 
 themselie, and what parteygued to knyghthode. The erles wordes pleased moche these 
 four kynges, whose names were these : Fyrst, the great Anele, kyng of Mecte ;' the 
 seconde, Brine of Thomode, kynge of Thomonde ; the thyrde, Arthure of Macke- 
 quemur, kynge of Lynster ; thefourthe, Conhue, kyng of Cheueno and Darpe ;'' they 
 were made knightes by kyng Richarde of Englande, in the Cathedrall churche of Du- 
 uelyn," dedycate of saynt Johan Baptyst : it was done on our lady day in Marche, as 
 than it fell on a Thursday. These four kynges watched all the night before in the 
 churche, and the nexte daye at highe masse tyme, with great solepnyte they were made 
 knightes, and with them sir Thomas Orphen, sir Joatas Pado, and sir Johan Pado his 
 cosyn. These kynges sate that day at the table with kyng Rycharde ; they were re- 
 garded of many folkes, bicause there behauyng was straunge to the maner of Englande, 
 and other coutreis, and euer naturally men desyre to se newelties. Than I sir John 
 Froissart sayde: Henry, I beleue you well, and I wolde it had cost me largely that I 
 
 had 
 
 ! O'Neal, king of Meath ? " O'Connor, king of Connaught .» ' 'Dublin, 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 6as 
 
 had been there : and surely this yere past I hadde come hyder and it hadde nat been 
 Jbr that I herde of the detlie of quene Anne of Enghmde, vvhiche dyde lette me: but 
 one thynge I wolde desyre of you to knowe, howe these four kynges of Irelunde came 
 so soone to the kynge of Englandes obeysaunce, whan kynge Edwarde the kynges graun- 
 father, who was s(7 valyaiuil a prince aisd so redouted ouer all, coude neuer subdue 
 them nor putte them vndei, and yet he had alwayes warre with the; and in that they 
 are subdued nowe, ye sayd it was by trealie, and by the grace of god ; indede the grace 
 of god is good, who so can hauc it, it is moche wortlie ; but it is scne nowe a dayes, 
 that erthely princes gettelh lytell wout it be by puissauce. I desyre to know this, for 
 whan 1 shall coe into Ileynalt, of which counirey I am of, I shal be examyned of this 
 and many other thynges, bothebyduke Aubert of Bauier,^ erle of Heynalte, of llolande, 
 and of Zelande, and also by his sonne Wyilyam of Bauyere," who writeth hymselfe 
 lorde of Frese,'' whiche is a great countrey and a puissaunt, whiche coutrey the sayd 
 duke and his sonne claymeth to haue by ryght successyon, and so dyde their predeces- 
 sours before them : but the Fresons wolde neuer fall to any reason, nor come vnder obey- 
 sauce, nor as yet do nat vnto this day. Than answered sir Henry Ghristall' and sayd : 
 Sir Johan, to shewe you the very trouth I can nat, but as many a one saythe, and it is 
 to suppose, y the great puissauce y the kyng had ouer with him, and taryed there in 
 their countrey nyne monethes, and euery man well payed, abasshed the yrisshemen: 
 also the see was closed fro them on all partes, wherby their lyueges and marchaudises 
 myght nat entre into their countreys, thoughe they that dwell farre -within the realrae 
 cared lytell for it, (for they knowe natte what marchaundyse meaneth, nor they lyue 
 but grosely and rudely like vnto beestes ;) yet suche as lyucth on the marchesse of Eng- 
 land, and by the see coost, vse feate of marchaundyse with vs, and into other places. 
 Kynge Edwarde of noble memorie, in his tyme had to answere so many warres, what in 
 Frauce, Bretayne, Gascone, and Scotlande, so that his people were deuyded in dyuers 
 places, and sore occupyed, wherfore he coude nat sende no great nombre into Irelande ; 
 but whan the Irysshemen sawe y great nombre of men of warre that kyng Rycharde 
 hadde in Irelande this laste iourney, the yrisshmen aduysed themselfe and came to 
 obeysauce ; and indede of olde tyme there was a kyng in Englade named Edwarde, who 
 is a saynt and canonysed, and honoured through all this realme: in his tyme he sub- 
 dued the Danes, and disconfyted them by batayle on the see thre tymes: and this saint 
 Edwarde kyng of Englande, lorde of Irelande, and of Acquitayn, the yrisshmen loued 
 and dredde hym moche more than any other kyng of Englande that had been before : 
 and therfore oursouerayne lorde kyngRicbarde tliis yere past, whan he was in Irelande, 
 in all his armories and deuyses, he lefte the beryng of the armes of Englande, as the 
 lybardes, and flour delyces quarterly, and bare the armes of this saynt Edwarde, that is 
 a crosse patent, golde, and goules, with four white martenettes in the felde : wherof it 
 was said the yrisshmen were well pleased, and the soner they enclyned to hym ; for of 
 trouthe y predecessours of these four kynges obeyed with faithe and homage to y sayd 
 kyng Edwarde, and they repute kynge Richarde a good man and of good coscience, and 
 so they haue done to hym faithe and homage, as they ought to do, and in like maner as 
 their predecessours sotyme dyde to saynt Edwarde. Thus I haue shewed you the maner 
 how the kyng our souerayne lorde hath this yere accomplysshed and furnysshed his 
 voyage in Ireland ; put it in your memoriall, to the entent that whan ye shall retourne 
 into your owne countrey, ye may write it in your cronicle, with many other hystories 
 that depende to the same matter. Than I thanked hym, and sayd it shulde be done. 
 So I toke leaue of hym. Than I mette with Marche the heraulde, and 1 demauded of 
 hym what armes this Henry Christell' bare ; and I shewed the heraulde howe this sir 
 
 Henry 
 
 ' Bayaria. " Friezland. ' Before called Castide. 
 
624 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 Henry had shewed me the raaner of the kynges iorney in Irelande, and the state of the 
 foure'kynges, who had ben, (as he sayd,) in his gouernyng, more than fyftene dayes at 
 Duuelyn/' The heraulde answered me and sayd : Sir, he beareth in his armes Syluer, 
 a cheuerne goules, thre besans goules. All these thynges I dyde putte in writynge, by- 
 cause I wolde nat forgette them. 
 
 Thus I taryed in the kynge of Englandes courte, as longe as it pleased me, nat al- 
 ways in one place, for the kynge ol'tentymes remoued, to Eltham, to Ledes, to Kyng- 
 stone, to Shene, to Charsey, or to Wyndsore, aboute the marchesse of London. And 
 I was'enfourmed of a troulhe that the kyng wrote to his vncle the duke of Lancastre, for 
 they of Acquitayne spedde so in their busynesse, that their countrey abode styll to the 
 crowne of Englande. Thane it was concluded by generall counsayle of Englande, that 
 the gyfte that°the kynge hadde gyuen to the duke of Lancastre, must nedes abyde styll 
 as hfs owne ; howebeit, the duke of Gloucestre wolde that his brother myght haue en- 
 ioyed the kynges gyfte, but his saying coulde nat be herde in that case : for they of the 
 realme of Engtande, (bycause of doutes and casualtyes in tyme to come,) herde well the 
 wordes of theym of Burdeaux, and of Bayone, and consydred well that yf the herytage 
 of Acquitaygne were putte fro the crowne of Englande, it shukle be in tyme to come a 
 great preiudice to the realme, whiche they wolde in no wyse shulde fortune : for alwayes 
 Burdeux and Bayon, and the froters and marches of Gascon, had kept and augmented 
 greatly the honour of the realme of Englande. These thynges were well cosydred of 
 the wyse men of the kynges cousayle, y duke of Gloucestre absent, for before hym no 
 man durst speke. So the mater abode in this case. 
 
 We shall leaue of this matter, and speke of the kynge of Englandes ambassadours, 
 as the erle of Rutlande, and therle marshall, and other, that were sente into Fraunce 
 to treate of the maryage bytwene kynge Rycharde their lorde, and the doughter of 
 Charles, Frenche kyng, who was but eyght yeres of age : and I shall shewe you howe 
 they spedde. 
 
 Of the ambassade that the kynge of Englande sente into Fraunce to treate of the 
 maryage bytwene the lady Jsable, the Freche kynges eldest doughter, and hymselfe : 
 and of the louyng answere they had. 
 
 CAP. CCIIL" 
 
 THESE Englysshe lordes rode fro Calais to Amyence, and to Clermount, in Beau- 
 uosyn, and so to Parys, and i euery place they were well receyued by the comaunde- 
 ment of the frenche kyng; they were lodged about y crosse of Tyrouer;' they were a 
 fyue hundred horses. The Frenche kynge was lodged at the castell of Lour,"* and the 
 queue and her chyldren at the house of saynt Poule, vpon the ryuer of Seyne ; the 
 duke of Berrey at the house of Nesle ; the duke of Burgoyne at the house of Arlhoyse ; 
 and the duke of Burbone in his owne house ; the duke of Orlyauce, the erle of saynt 
 Poule, and the lorde of Coucy, at their owne houses. The kynge had assembled there 
 all his counsayle, to the entent to make the better answere to thembassadours of Eng- 
 lande. The kyng had comauded that euery day there shulde be delyuered to these am- 
 bassadours two hudred ciownes of Frace, for their small expences, and for their horses. 
 
 And 
 
 ' Dublin. " Chapter CXCIX. ' Croix du Tiroir. '' The Louvre. 
 
 * 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 625 
 
 And the chiefe of these Englysshe lordes, as the eile Marshall, and therle of Rutlade, 
 were oftentymes with the kynge, and dyned witli hym ; they had as good chere as 
 coulde be deuysed, for the loue of the kynge of Englade. These lordes desyred euer 
 to haue an answere, and they were euer fedde forthe with fayre wordes, for the noble- 
 men of Fraunce had great marueyle of the requestes of the Englysshemen, and that the 
 kynge of Englande wolde marry with Fraunce, seynge that the warre had ben so cruell, 
 and so long endured : and some of the Frenche kynges counsayle sayd, howe maye our 
 kyng agree to gyue his doughter in maryage to his adiicrsary, or this treatie shulde be 
 made ; we thynke we siiall haue peace with Englande by some other wayes, though it 
 be nat by the meanes of maryage. And as at y tyme there was a valyaunt knyght of the 
 Frenche kynges counsayle, called sir Raynalt of Corby ; he was a iarre castyng man, 
 and consydred what myght fall in tyme to come. Thafie he sayd to the kyng and to his 
 vncles : My lordes and maysters, a man shulde entre in at the ryglit dore into a house : 
 it semeth that kyng Richarde of Englade wolde nothyng to you nor to the realme, but 
 loue and all fauour, seynge that by reason of maryage, he wolde alye hym to you ; two 
 tymes your counsaylours and his haue mette toguyder at Amyence, and at Balyngham," 
 to treate for a peace, and yet they coulde neuer take no good conclusyon, but on the 
 state of a truce : and sir, it is well knowen that Thomas duke of Gloucestre, kyng Ri- 
 chardes vncle, is of a cotrary opinyon, against y king and his other two vncles, the 
 dukes of Lacastre and of Yorke : the kyng nor other can nat make hym agre wyllingly 
 to haue peace ; howebeit, his puissaunce canne natte resyst the kynges power : therfore 
 sir, after myne opynyon, receyue this offre and refuce nat this treatie, and let these 
 lordes haue suche aunswere as maye cotent them. Than the kyng and his vncles agreed 
 therto, and specially the duke of Burgoyne, for he was so sore charged by reason of the 
 warres, y gladly he wolde haue peace ; and the pricypall cause was, bycause of Flau- 
 ders, wherof he claymed to be lorde by reason of his wyfe, bycause that countrey 
 inarched vpon Englande ; and also the hertes of the Flemynges were rather Englysshe 
 than Frenche, bycause of the entrecourse of marchaundyse bytwene England and Flaun- 
 ders, by see and by lande. 
 
 Than it was concluded by the Frenche kynges counsayle, that there shulde be as" 
 good chere made to the Englysshmen as was before : and whether it was by dissymu- 
 lacyon or otherwyse, the frenchemen were deterniyned to make a good and a swete aun- 
 swere to the englisshemen, and to put them in hope that the kynge of Englande shulde 
 haue his desyre. The quene and her chyldren laye at the house of saynt Powle, and 
 where as the Englysshe lordes desyred to se theym, it was graunted to them, and spe- 
 cyally to se her for whome their treatie was. Than it was shewed them that they muste 
 be content howe so euer they founde her, for they sayde she Avas but a yonge chylde of 
 eyght yere of age, wherfore they sayd, there coulde nat be in her no great wysdome nor 
 prudence ; howebeit, she was indoctryned well ynough, and that the lordes founde 
 well whan they sawe her. The Erie Marshall, beynge on his knees, sayde to her •. 
 Fayre lady, by the grace of god ye shall be our lady and quene of Englande. T un. 
 aunswered the yonge lady well aduysedly, without counsayle of any other persone: 
 Syr, quod she, and it please god and my lorde my father that I shall be quene of Eng- 
 lande, I shall be glad therof,"for it is shewed me that I shall be than a great lady. 
 Than she toke vp the erle Marshall by the hande, and ledde him to the quene her mo- 
 ther, who had great ioy of the answere that she had made, and so were all other that 
 herde it. The maner, countenaunce, and behauoure of this yonge lady, pleased greaily 
 
 Vol. II. 4 L the 
 
 ' Leulinohem. 
 
626 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 the Ambassadours, and they sayd amonge themselfe, that she was lykely to be a lady of 
 hygh honouie and great goodnesse. Thus whan these lordes of Englande had ben at 
 Parys a twenty dayes, and their costes and charges payed for by the frenche kynge, a 
 reasonable aunswere was gyuen them, so that they were put in great hope to bringe 
 aboute that they came for; liovvebeit, the frenchemen sayd, it coulde nat be doone 
 shortly, bycause the lady was so yonge. and also she was fyansed to the duke of Bretayns 
 eldest sonne: wherfore they sayd they must treate to breke that promesse, or they coude 
 procede any further in that mater, and thervpon the frenche kynge and his counsayle 
 shulde sende into Englande the next lent after, to shewe howe the matter wente ; and 
 whan the dayes begyn to encreace and waxe fayre, than the kynge of Englande to sende 
 agayne into Fraunce whome it shulde please hym, and they shulde be welcome. With 
 this aunswere the englysshemen were contented, and toke leaue of the quene and of her 
 doughter, and of the kynge, and of all other, and departed fro Paris, and toke the 
 same way they came, and so retourned to Calays, and than into Englande, and the two 
 cries rode in post before their company, to bringe tydynges to the kyng ; they rode fro 
 Sandwiche to Wyndsore in lesse thanne a daye and an halfe. The kynge was ryght 
 ioyouse of their comynge, and was well contente with the frenche kynges aunswere ; 
 he set the mater so to his herte that he toke great pleasure therin, and tooke hede to 
 none other thynge, but studyed howe he myght bringe it aboute to haue the frenche 
 kinges doughter to wyfe. 
 
 On the other syde the Frenche kynge and his counsayle studyed daye and nyght, 
 howe they myght make this maryage with Englande to the honour of the realme of 
 Fraunce. There were many in the realme of Fraunce that sayd, that if they had been 
 called to these treatyes, and our wordes herde, the kynge of Englande shulde neuer 
 haue the doughter of Fraunce, for any maner of peace : VVhat good shulde it be for 
 Fraunce, seynge the trewce bytwene them endured but for two yere to come, and than 
 shall we fall agayne in warre, and eche of vs hate other as we haue doone before ; the 
 dukes of Berrey and Orlyance were of the same opynion, and dyuers other lordes of 
 Frauce; but the king, the duke of Burgoyne, and the chauncellour of Fraunce, en- 
 clyned to this maryage, and gladde to haue peace, reseruyng alwayes the honour of the 
 realme. The same tyme there was a squier in Fraunce, of the nacyon of Normandy, 
 in the countrey of Caulx, he had in his dayes ben sore trau«yled in farre parties, and 
 as than he was newly retourned into Frauce ; his name was Robert le Menuot, but as 
 than he was called Robert the Hermyte : he was relygyous and of good lyfe, of the age 
 of fyfty yere : he had been at the treaties that was holden at Balyngham," at whiche tyme 
 he was well herde, and howe he entred than into that treatie I shall shewe you. 
 
 Leulinghetn. 
 
 Of 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 627 
 
 Of a squyer named Roberie the Hermyte, howe he was sente to the treaties of the 
 peace holden at Balyngham; and howe he was after sente into Englande, to kynge 
 Rycharde and his vndes. 
 
 CAP. CCIIIl." 
 
 SO it was, wliau this Roberte the Hermyte returned into Frauce out of the parties 
 of Surey," and toke shyppyng at Baruth, whyle he was vpon the see a great tempest of 
 wynde rose, in suche wyse tliat they feared to be perysshed, and euery man fell to make 
 his prayers to god ; and at the ende of this tempest, and that the wether began to waxe 
 fayre and clere, there apered to Robert ^j Hermyte an ymage more clere than crystall, 
 and sayd thus : Robert, thou shalte issue and escape this parell, and all thy company, 
 for loue of the : for god hath herde thyne orisons and prayers, and he sendeth the worde 
 by me, that thou shuldest make hast into Fraunce, and go to the kynge and shewe him 
 thyne aduenlure, and say vnto him, that in any wyse he enclyne to haue peace with his 
 aduersary kynge Rycharde of Englande ; and amonge them that be treaters of the peace, 
 preace thou forthe and shewe them thyne aduysyon, for thou shalte be herde : and say 
 that all suche as be of the contrary opinyon against the peace, shall bye it derely in their 
 lyfe tyme in this worlde ; and therwith y clerenesse and voyce vanysshed away. Than 
 Robert abode in a great study, but he remembred well what he hadde sene and herde, 
 by the deuyne ins^pyracyon ; and after this aduenture they had fayre wether and the 
 wynde at their wysshynge, and than aryued in the ryuer of Gennes,"* and there Robert 
 the Hermyte toke leaue'of his company, and went by lande fro thence tyll he came to 
 Auygnon. And the fyrst thynge he dyd he went to the churche of saynt Peter, and 
 there foade a good vertuous man a penytenser, and of hym he was cofessed, and shewed 
 hym all his aduenture, and demaunded counsayle what was best to do. Than hisgoostly 
 father charged hym in any wyse that he shulde speke nothynge of this mater tyll he had 
 shewed it fyrste to the frenche kynge, and loke what counsayle the kynge dyd gyue him, 
 so to do. This Robert folowed his counsayle and arayed hymselfe in symple habyte all 
 in gray, and so poorely departed fro Auygnon, and iourneyed so longe that he came to 
 Parys, but the kynge was at Abbeuyle, and the treatie beganne at Balyngham,' bytwene 
 the Frenchemen and Englysshemen, (as ye haue herde before). Than this Robert came 
 to Abuyle and drewe to the kynge, and a knyght of his acquayntaunce brought him to 
 the kyng, whiche knyght was of Normandy, and was called sir Willyam Martell, he 
 was of the kynges priuy chambre. Than Roberte the Hermyte shewed the kynge all 
 his hole iourney and adueture. The kyng herde hym well, and bycause the duke of 
 Burgoyne, and syr Raynolde Corby, chauucellour of Fraunce, (who were of the kynges 
 opynyon to haue peace,) were at Balyngham,' in y treatie holden there, the kynge sayd 
 to Robert: Our counsayle as nowe is nat here, they be at Balyngham:' ye shall abyde 
 here with me, and whan they be retourned I shall speke with niyne vncle of Burgoyne, 
 and with our chauncelloure, and than we shall do in this mater as they shall aduyse me. 
 Syr, quod this Robert, as god wyli, so be it. 
 
 The same weke the Frenche kynges counsayle returned fro Balyngham' to Abbeuyle, 
 and brought with them the artycles'of the m;)ner of the peace, whiche the englysshemen, 
 
 4 L 2 li^^ 
 
 • Leulinghem. " Chapter CC. ' Syria. " Genoa. 
 
628 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 had deuysed: and the maters were so weyghty that the treatie was put ouer tyll another 
 daye, vnto suche tyme as bothe kynges were aduerlysed ol eche others detnaundes, and 
 their pleasures therin to be knowen. Than on y frenclie partie the frenche kynge drewe 
 aparte his vncle of Burgoyne, and the chauncellour, and shewed them wliat enfourma- 
 cyon Robert the Hermyt had made vnto him, and the kynge demaunded of them if it 
 were a thynge lysytte and hiwfuU to beleue. They studyed a lytell, and at last sayde : 
 Syr, we requyre youre grace lette vs se this hermyte and here hym speke, and thervpon 
 we wyll take aduyse. Than he was sent for. Whan he came before the kynge he made 
 his reuerence. Tlianne the kynge sayd : Roberte, shewe vs here at length all the hole 
 mater, as ye enfourmed me belbre. Sir, quod he, gladly. Than as he that was no- 
 thynge abasshed, rehersed all the hole mater, as ye haue herde before. Whan he had 
 doone he departed. Than the kynge asked of his vncle what was best to be done. Syr, 
 quod he, the chauncellour and I shall take aduyse agaynst tomorowe. Well, quod the 
 kyng, so be it. Than the duke and the chauncellour counsayled togyther on this mater ; 
 they sawe well the kynge greatly enclyned to this Robertes wordes: therfore they thought 
 it good to aduyse the kynge to ioyne this Robert in comyssion with them to go agayne 
 to Balyngham^ to the treatie of peace, for they thought his langage so fayre and so swete, 
 that he shulde styrre the hartes of them that shulde here hym speke, to haae peace, and 
 to shewe the deuyne vysion that he had, to the lordes of Englande ; this they thought 
 lawfull ynough to be done, and the nexte day they shewed this to the king: and than 
 after whan the duke and the chauncellour wente agayne to Balyngham," they had this 
 Roberte with them. And whan all the lordes, frenche and englysshe, were assembled 
 togyder in counsayle, than this Robert came before them, and there well and wisely he 
 declared all the vysion that he hadde on the see, and affermed that it was inspyracyon 
 deuyne sente by god, bycause he wolde it shulde be so. Some of the lordes of Englande 
 toke good hede to this mater and enclyned therto, as the duke of Lancastre, the erle of 
 Salysbury, the lorde Thomas Percy, and other, the bysshops of Lyncolne and London ; 
 but the duke of Gloucestre, and the erle of Arundell, toke no hede nor set nothynge 
 therby ; whan they were in their lodgynges they sayd, they were but fantasies, and 
 wordes fayned by the frenchemen to abuse them all : howebeit, they determyned to 
 write to kynge Rycharde the maner and sayenge of this Robert the Hermyte, and ther- 
 vpon sent a knyght, called Rycharde Credon, to kynge Rycharde, who he founde in 
 Kent, at the castell of Leades, and delyuered him letters sent fro his ambassadours in 
 the marches of Caleys, wherin was conteyned the hole sayenge of this Robert. The 
 kynge tooke great pleasure in these letters, and sayd howe he wolde gladly speke with 
 this Robert the Hermyte: he beleued this vysion to be of trouthe. Than the kyng wrote 
 agayne to the duke of Lancastre, and to the erle of Salysbury, that if it myght be by 
 any meanes, that a good peace myght be taken bytwene hym and the frenche kyng, their 
 realmes and alyes: for he sayde, surely he thought that the warre had ouerlonge endured, 
 and that it was tyme to haue peace ; and ye haue herde here before howe the treaters 
 bare them, and how the lordes departed one fro another, and howe the treuce was taken 
 to endure for foure yere. This was the entent of the lordes of the englyssh party, ex- 
 cept the duke of Gloucestre, for he thought whansoeuer he came into Englande, neuer 
 to agree to any peace bytwene Fraunce and Englande ; he dyssimuled as moche as he 
 might, to ihentent to please the king, and his brother of Lancastre. Thus by this 
 meanes Roberte le Hermyte came to knowledge. 
 
 And as ye haue herde here before how the erle of Ruilande, therle Marshall, the 
 archebysshop of Duuelyn,"" the lorde Hugh Spenser, the lorde Lewes Clyfforde, and 
 
 other, 
 
 ' Leulinghem. ' *" Dublin. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 629 
 
 other, had been sent into Fraunce to treate for kynge Rychardes maryage, and were 
 retourned agaync into Englande, and brought the kynge good tydynges, so that the 
 kynge was well pleased, as ye haue herde "before. Than Mychelmas came, and the 
 crenerall cousayle began, suche as englysshemen call the lernie, wherin all maters be 
 debated ; and at the begynnynge of the'sayd terme the duke of Lahcastre returned out of 
 Gascon into Englande, and had nat ben receyued there as he thought he shulde haue 
 been (as ye haue herde before) : so whan the duke of Lancastre was retourned, the kyng 
 made hyni good chere. Tydinges anone came into Fraunce howe the duke of Lancastre 
 was retourned into Englande: than the frenche kynge and his counsayle determyned 
 to sende Robert the Hermyte into Englande with letters to the kynge, who desyred to 
 se hym : and that the erle of saynt Poll shulde acquaynle hyni with y kyng and with 
 the lordes, that they myght here hym speake of the busynesse of Surey" and Tartary, 
 and of the greale Turke and Turkey, where he had ben longe: for it was thought that 
 the lordes of Englande wolde gladly here speakyng of suche maters. Than this Robert 
 the Hermyte was warned to make hym redy to go into Englande in comyssion, wherof 
 he greatly reioysed, bycanse he had neuer been there before : so he had letters delyuered 
 hym, dyrected to the kyng of Englande and to his vncles. Thus Robert departed fro 
 Parys with seuen horses, at the cost and charge of the frenche kynge, and rode tyll he 
 came to Boloyne, and there tooke the see and aryued at Doner, and spedde so in his 
 iourneys that he came to Eltham and founde the kynge there, and the duke of Lan- 
 castre, the erles of Salysbury and Huntyngdon, and the lorde Thomas Percy; and for 
 the honour of the frenche kynge he was well receyued, and specyally of the kynge, 
 who desyred greatly to se hym'. Than he delyuered his letters of credence, whiche 
 were redde ouer by the kynge and the other lordes. The duke of Gloucestre was nat 
 ther, he was in Essex, at a castell of his called Plasshey. Whan this Robert had been 
 with the kynge and with the duke of Lancastre at Eltham a fyue daies, he departed 
 thens to go se the duke of Gloucestre, and so toke leaue of the kynge and of the lordes 
 and came to London: and the next day rode fyftene myle fro London to a towne called 
 Brendwode, and the next day to Plasshey, and there he founde the duke and the du- 
 chesse and their chyldren, who ryght goodly receyued hym acordyng to his degre- 
 Than Robert delyuered hym his letters sent fro the frenche kyng ; and whan the duke 
 sawe they were of credence, he drewe this Robert aparte, and demaunded what cre- 
 dence he had. Robert aunswered hym and sayd : syr, I shall shewe theym to you at 
 good leyser ; I am nat come to departe agayn so soone. Well, quod the duke, ye be 
 welcome. This Robert knewe well ynough that the duke of Gloucestre was a sore 
 dyssymulynge prince, and contrary to any peace, and thought it harde to breke hym 
 fro hisopinyon, for he knewe well he was alwaies contrary to the peace, whiche was 
 well sene at the treaties of lialyngham,'' for he neuer demaunded but to haue warre ; 
 yet for all that Robert the Hermyte spared nat to speke to the duke on the forme of 
 peace ; alwayes he founde the duke colde in aunswers, and sayd the mater lay nat m 
 hym, for he had two elder bretherne, the duke of Lancastre and the duke of yorke, to 
 whome the mater partayned rather than to hym; and also that if he wolde consent 
 therto alone, peraduenture the other lordes, prelates, and counsaylours of good townes 
 wolde nat accepte it. Well, quod Robert the Hermyte, for the loue of our lorde Jhesu 
 Christ, be ye nat contrarye to the peace, for ye maye do moche : and also ye se well 
 howe the kyng your nephue enclyneth to the peace, and wyll by maryage haue the 
 Frenche kynges doughter, by whiche coniunctyon shal be gret alyaunce of peace and 
 loue. Than the duke aunswered and sayd : What though ye be beleued and herde at 
 this tyme, with the kynges and lordes of bothe realmes, and that ye haue good audyece 
 
 AVlth 
 
 ; Syria. i* Leulinghem. 
 
630 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 vfith them and with their counsaylours, the mater is so hygh and weyghty, that it h 
 conuenyent that crreater personages than ye shulde medle therwith : 1 haue tolde yO'U, 
 and often tvmes I haue said, that I shall neuer be contrary to the peace, so it be to the 
 honoure of the kynge and the realme of Englande. In tyme paste, peace was taken 
 bvtwene the king our father and our brother the prince of Wales, and kinge Johan of 
 Frauce, and the frenche party sworne and bounde vpon payne of sentence of the pope ; 
 and yet it helde nat, for the frenchmen fraudulently haue broken all couenauntes, and 
 haue taken agayne possessyon of all the landes and lordeshyppes that were yelded and 
 delyuered at the peace makyng to oursayd souerayne lorde and father, and to our prede- 
 cessours : and moreouer of the some of xxx. thousande' frankes, that the redempcyon 
 mounted vnto, there is yet to paye syxe hudred thousande frankes ; wherfore, such ma- 
 ters (to remembre] troubleth sore our corages, and we and many of this realme marueyle 
 greatly howe the kynge our souerayne lorde leaneth to so yonge aduyse and counsayle, 
 and regardeth none otherwyse the tyme passed and the tyme present: but enclineth to 
 alye hym by maryage with his aduersary, and by that alyaunce dysheryte the crowne 
 of Englande, and his successours to come, of y clayme of Fraunce. Ah, ryght dere 
 lorde, quod Robert : our lorde Jesu Christ suffered passyon on the Crosse for vs all 
 synners, and pardoned his dethe to them that crucyfied him ; in lykewyse a man must 
 pardon that wyll come to the glory of heuen ; and, sir, all yuell wylles, hates, and ran- 
 coures, were pardoned the daye that the peace was made and sealed at Calays by our 
 predecessours : and nowe warres haue been againe newly renewed bytwene your men 
 and ours, I thynke surely through faulte on bothe parties: for whan the prince of 
 Wales, duke of Acquytayne, was retourned out of Spayne into Acquytayne, there 
 were a certayne maner of people callyng themselfe companyons, wherof the moste 
 partye were englysshemen and gascons, holdynge of the kynge of Englande and of the 
 prince of Wales ; these people assembled them togyther, and entred into the realme of 
 Fraunce, without any tytell of reason, wherby ensued mortall and cruell warre, greater 
 than was before: these companyons called the realme of Fraunce their chambre ; they 
 were so set to do yuell dedes, y they coude nat be resysted. And whan }■ realme of 
 Frauce sawe and felte them so harmed by this people, and sawe well the lengar they 
 contvnewed the more they multyplyed and more hurte they dyd, than kyng Charles 
 of Frauce, sonne to kyng Johan, was cousayled by his subgiettes to resyst and subdue 
 suche enemyes, outher by warre or otherwyse ; and many great barons of Gascoyne 
 came to the frenche kyng, suche as said they were sore ouerlayde with their lorde the 
 prince of Wales, and many iniuryes done to the, whiche they shewed to the frenche 
 kynge they might nat nor wolde nat suffre no lenger; and so they beganne the warre 
 bycause of their resorte to the prince of Wales- Than this kynge Charles, by coun- 
 sayle of them and of his subgiettes, enhardyed himselfe to the warre with these barones 
 of Gascoyne for to mete against these companyons: and in this newe warre many 
 lordes retourned to the frenche kynge, and dyuers lordeshyppes, cyties, townes, and 
 castels, for the great oppression that the prince of Wales dyd to the, and consented to 
 be done by his comvssioners. Thus the warre was renewed, wherby many great mys- 
 chyefes haue fallen, to the dystruction of moche people and countreys, aud the faythe 
 of Christ sore febled and decayed, and the enemyes of god ryssen and coraged, and 
 haue allredy conquered moclie parte of Grece. The emperour of Constantynople hath 
 nat the power to resyst the puyssauce of the great turke, called Basant Lamorabaquyn,'' 
 who halhe conquered the realme of Armony,'^ excepte all onely a towne standynge on 
 the see syde, called Courche, whiche the venysians and genouoys kepeagaynst} turke ; 
 and the emperour of Constantyne the noble, who is of your blode, he was sonne to the 
 /. . emperoure 
 
 ' 3,000,000, " Bajazet, son of Amurath. " Armenia, 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 631 
 
 emperoure Hiigiies of Luzignen and of my lady 'Ma.ty of Burbon, cosyn germayne to 
 my lady the quene your mother; he shall nat be able of longe to resyst the puyssauce 
 of this (Tret turke ; and if peace maye be had bytwene Englande and Fraunce, as I trust 
 by the o^race of god it shall be, than knyghtes and squyers, suche as demaunde for 
 dedes of armes for their aduauncement, shall drawe them to that parte, and shall helpe 
 kynge Lyon of Armony' to recouer agayne his herytage and to put out the turkes : for 
 surely tlie warre hath oner longe endured liytwene Fraunce and Englande, and surely 
 whosoeuer it be that is or wyll be against the peace shall derely aunswere therto, outher 
 quycke or deed. Howe knowe you that ? quod the duke of Gloucestre. Syr, quod 
 Robert, all that I say cometh by dyuyne inspyracyon, and by a vysione that came to me 
 vpon the see, as I retourned fro Baruth, a porte in Surey,'' besyde the isle of Rodes. 
 Than he declared all his hole vysion, the rather therby to moue the dukes herte to 
 pytie and reason ; but this duke was herde herted agaynst the peace and kept styll his 
 opynion, and by his wordes condempned and dispysed greatly the frenchemen, for all 
 Y euer Robert the Hermyte coude say ; but bycause that this Robert was a strauger, and 
 shewed bv his wordes and werkes that he wolcle all were well, and also bycause the duke 
 sawe that the kyng his nephue enclyned to haue peace, he dyssymuled and spake fayre, 
 whatsoeuer his herte thought. Two dayes this Robert taryed at plasshey with the duke 
 and had good chare, and "the thyrde day departed and retourned to London, and fro 
 thence to Wyndesore, -where the kynge made hym good chere for loue that the frenche 
 kyng had sent him thyder, and bycause he was wyse and eloquet, and of swete wordes 
 and honest. It is nat to be doubted but that the kynge demauded of hym howe he 
 founde his vncle the duke of Gloucestre : and Robert answered him well to the poynte. 
 The kyng knewe well his vncle of Gloucestre enclyned rather to warre than to peace; 
 wherfore he fauoured moche better his other two vncles, dukes of Lancastre and yorke. 
 Whan Robert the hermyte had ben a moneth with the king he toke his leaue, and at 
 his departynge the kynge gaue hym great gyftes, and so dyd the dukes of Lancastre and 
 yorke, and the erles of Huntyngdon and Salysbury, and the lorde Thomas Percy. 
 The kynge caused hym to be conueyed to Douer, and there passed ouer into Fraunce ; 
 and he founde the frenche kyng and the quene and his vncles at Paris, and there shewed 
 the kinge all his voyage, and what good chere he had in Englande. Thus dayly mes- 
 sangers went in and out bytwene these two kynges, and amyable letters sent bytwene 
 them. The kynge of Englande desyred nothyng so moche as to come to this maryage, 
 and semblably the frenche kynge had lyke desyre, for he thought his doughter shulde 
 be a great estate if she might be quene of Englande. 
 
 Cf the delyueraunce of the lorde de la Ryner ayid of syr Johan le Mercyer ; and howe 
 they were put out of prisone. 
 
 CAP. GOV.' 
 
 YE haue herde here before howe y lorde de la Ryuer and sir Johan le Mercyer were 
 in ieoperdy of their lyues, and remoued fro prison to prison, and at laste delyuered to 
 the prouost of the Chatelet of Parys, and were at the poynte to lose their lyues, and all 
 for hate and enuye that the dukes of Berrey and Burgoyne and their counsayle had to 
 them : they were in this daunger more than two yere : the kyng socoured the, for al- 
 ways he stopped the execusion ; and that the dukes of Berrey and Burgoyne sawe well, 
 
 and 
 
 • Leo of Armenia. '' Syria. "^ Chapter CCI. 
 
632 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 and also they peiceyued that the duke of Orlyaunce ayded them as moche as he might; 
 also the duches of Berrey was a good meane for them, and specially fory lorde de la 
 Ryuer: and also the one coulde nat be condempned without the other, for they were 
 accused all for one cause. The prayers of good folkes and their ryght togyther ayded 
 theym. Than it was regarded by many of the high barones of Fraiice who had pytie on 
 them, and sayd they had suffred prisonement ouer longe, and that it was tyme to shewe 
 them grace, for this Johan le Mercyer had so moche wept in prison y his syght was sore 
 decayed, so that he coude scant se : the brute ranne through the realme that he was 
 blynde. Than at last they had sentence gyuen them of grace by the kynge, and there 
 the lorde de la Ryuer was restored agayne to all his landes and castels, as f fayre castell 
 of Aniou:" but he was charged on payne of his lyfe, that whan he was ones in his castell 
 of Aniowe,' that he shulde neuer after repasse the ryuer of Sayne, without he were co- 
 maunded by the kynges owne mouthe : and syr Johan le Mercyer to retourne to 
 Poute de Nonnon,'' into his fayre house in Laonnoys, and he nat to repasse the ryuer of 
 Oyse, of Marne, nor of Seyne, without he were in lykewyse called by the kynges owne 
 mouth. Thus they bounde themselfe to take this prisonment, and thought they had a 
 great grace to scape so well, and were ryght ioyouse whan they were delyuered fro the 
 Chatelet. They trusted whan they came out of prison to haue spoken with y kynge, 
 and to haue thanked hym of his grace ; but they coulde nat be suffred, but were co- 
 maunded to auoyde out of Parys, and to resorte thyder as they were comauded. Thus 
 they were delyuered, wherof their frendes had great ioy. 
 
 Of the peace that was hadde bylweyie the duke of Brelayne and sir Olyner Clyssoit. 
 
 CAP. CCVI.' 
 
 YE haue herde howe the duke of Bretayne and syr Olyuer of Clisson warred longe 
 togyther mortally, for bytwene them they toke none to mercy: and surely syr Olyuer 
 of Clysson and his partie bare them so valyautly, that of thre he had twayne : for the 
 lordes of Bretaygne dyssimuled with the duke, and men of the cyties and good townes 
 sayde, howe they must nedes lyue and vse their marchaundyse, whatsoeuer warre was 
 bytwene the duke and syr Olyuer of Clysson, for they sayd it touched them nothinge, 
 wherfore they wolde nat entermedle bytwene them ; but euer the Vycount of Rohan, 
 the lorde de Leon, and the lorde of Dignan"* treated for a peace to be had bytwene them. 
 So moch they pursewed that the duke promysed to be entreated, so that he myght se syr 
 Olyuer in his presence and speke with hym : and thervpon these lordes on a day rode 
 to a fortresse of syr Olyuers to speke with him, and there they shewed him for what 
 cause they wer come thyder, and howe they had got graut of the duke to sende to him 
 a safeconducte, safely to go and come to speke with hym, sayeng, y surely tliey thought 
 if he were ones in his presence, all the yuell wyll and displeasures shulde be clerely 
 pardoned. Than sir Olyuer sayd : Sirs, ye are all my frendes and louers, and I trust 
 greatlye in you, and beleue that the duke hath promysed as you saye, and I thynke he 
 wolde gladly se me in his presece ; but so god helpe me and saynt yues, vpon his worde 
 and promise I ensure you I wyll nat ones issue out of my house; but 1 shall tell you 
 what ye shall saye to hym ; that if he wyll haue me to come to hym, let hym sende 
 hyder in pledge his eldest sonne, and whan he is here, thane I wyll go and speke with 
 hym, and suche ende as 1 shall make, his sonne shall make ; yf 1 retourne, he slia 1 do in 
 
 lykewise 
 
 ' Auneau. '' Pont de Louvion. ' Chapter CCII. '' Dinant. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 633 
 
 lykewise ; and if I abyde, he shall abide. Whan these lordes sawe they coude haue 
 none other ende, they tooke their leaiie and retourned to Wannes, where the duke was, 
 and shewed euery thynge as they had herde. The duke coude haue none other waye. 
 This sir Olyuer bare hymselfe so valyauntly in this warre, that he wanne more than he 
 lost : he toke two tymes all the dukes vessell and plate of golde and syluer, and dyuers 
 other iewelles, wherof he hadde great profyte. 
 
 The conclusyon of the warre and hate bytwene the duke of Bretayne and sir Olyuer 
 Clysson was thus: The duke of Bretayne (lyke a great lorde as he was) sawe well he 
 coude nat come to his entent of sir Olyuer of Clysson, and that he had ouer many 
 frendes in Bretayne: for sauyng their alegiauce toy duchy of Bretayne, all the bretons, 
 knyghtes, squyers, prelates, and men of the good cyties and good townes enclyned more 
 to the lorde Clysson than to the duke: and the highe barons dissymuled, and had aun- 
 swered the duke that they wolde nat entremedle them with that warre, but sayde they 
 wolde gladly sette a peace and accorde bytwene the: also the duke of Orlyaunce spe- 
 cially conforted couertly in many maner of wayes sir Olyuer of Clysson, and he was 
 alwayes ioyous whan he herde of his good spede in any of his entreprices. The duke 
 of Bretaygne, who was a subtyle prince and ymaginatyfe, and had endured moche 
 payne duryng this warre, and sawe well he was nat very well beloued with his owne 
 people, as the chyldren of the lorde Charles of Bretayne were, the one called Charles 
 of Bloyes, who was slayne at the batayle of Alroy,'' and John of Bretayne, erie of Pon- 
 thieux'' and of Lymogines, Avho had to wyfe the doughter of sir Olyuer of Clisson, and 
 the lorde Henry of Bretayne his brother, and their suster the quene of Naples and of 
 Hierusalem ; also the duke sawe that he began to waxe olde, and that his chyldren 
 were but yonge, and parceyued well he had no frendes in France, except the duke of 
 Burgoyne and the duches his wyfe ; and he sawe well his chyldren shulde haue as 
 fewe, for by their mothers syde they came and were issued of the membres and 
 braunches of Nauer, whiche generacion was nat ouermoche loued in Fraunce, for the 
 great myscheues y kynge Charles of Nauerre, father to the duchesse of Bretayne, had 
 done in tyme past in Fraunce, wherof the remembraunce as than endured ; and the 
 duke sawe that if he dyed in that estate, bothe with sir Olyuer of Clisson and with the 
 erle of Ponthieux,'' he than douted that his chyldren that were so yonge shulde haue 
 ouer many great enemyes ; and also he sawe that the alyaunce bytwene hym and Eng- 
 lande began to waxe colde, for he was enfoimed that the kynge of Englande shulde 
 haue to wyfe the doughter of Frauce, the same lady that was promysed to hym for his 
 Sonne and heyre. The duke dyde cast all these doutes. Thaiie all thynges consydered, 
 he ymagined to breke his herte without dissimulacion, and make a ferme peace with sir 
 Olyuer of Clysson and with Johan of Bretayne, and wolde putte hymselfe at their plea- 
 sure; to make amendes for all wrathes, forfaytes, and domages that euer they dyde to 
 hym or to his men duryng the warre, he wolde desyre nothynge, but that they shulde 
 take hym for duke of Bretayne, and his children after hym, accordyng to the artycles 
 of the peace before made bytwene hym and the chyldren of sir Charles of Bloyes, 
 whiche charter of peace he wolde nat breke, nor any artycle comprised therin ; and 
 also to kepe and vpholde euery thyng that he had promysed to Johii of Bloyes his cosyn, 
 erle of Ponthieux ;'"' and if he hadde nat his parte of the herytage of Bretayne sufTy- 
 cient, he wolde putte the ordring iherof without any dissymuiacion to the vicount of 
 Rohan, and to the lordes of Dignan,^ of Leon, of Lauall, and of Beaumont, and of the 
 lorde John of Harpeden. Whan the duke of Bretayne had aduysed in hymselfe all 
 this purpose, without makynge of any man of his counsayle, he called to hym his secra- 
 VoL. II. 4 M torie, 
 
 I Auray. '' Penthievre. ' Dinant. 
 
634 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 torie : and in a chabre they two alone, he caused hym to write a letter to sir Olyuer of 
 Clysson, as swetely and amiably as coude be deuysed, desyring hym that they mi^ht 
 speke toguyder secretely, on trust to haue good peace bytwene the. Whan this letter 
 was made, deuysed, and sealed, than he toke a secrete person, comaundyng hym to go 
 to the castell of Josselyn, and sayde : I do sende the to speke with my cosyn sir Olyuer 
 of Clysson: and salute hym fro me and delyuer hym this letter, and bring agayne an 
 answerer and on payne of thy lyfe kepe this secrete, and shewe no creature winder thou 
 gost, nor who dothe sende the. He tooke his iourney and spedde hym so well, that he 
 cae to the castell Josselyn. The porters had marueyle whan they herde hym saye that 
 he cae fro the duke to speke with their maister, they wente and shewed their lorde therof. 
 Than he comaunded that the messanger shulde coe to hym, and so he dyde, and well 
 and wisely declared his message, and delyuered his letter sealed with the dukes scale, 
 whiche sir Olyuer knewe ryght well, and opyned and reed the letter two or thre tymes, 
 the better to vnderstande it: and in the redyng he had great marueyle of the swete 
 wordes, tretable, and amyable, that was comprised in the letter: he studyed a season, 
 and at last sayd, howe he wolde take aduyse and write agayne. Sir Olyuers men hadde 
 great marueyle of this, for before he had forborne no man of the dukes, but outher he 
 ■was slayne, or putte in prisone. Thaiie sir Olyuer wente into his secrete chambre, and 
 began to muse and ymagyn vpon these newes ; at last he apesed his yuell wyll, in that 
 y duke humyled hymselfe so moche towardes him, and that he wrote so swetely ; yet he 
 thought in hymselfe to proue the duke further, or he aduentured hymselfe to go to the 
 duke, for he thought if he toke any hurte, no man wolde bewayle hym, if he lost hym- 
 selfe by folly. Than he wrote a letter to the duke ryght swete and tretable, but the 
 conclusyon was, that yf he wolde haue hym to come and speke with hym, that he shuld 
 sende his sone and heyre to lye in hostage for hym tyll his retourne. This letter was 
 delyuered to the dukes varlet, who retourned therwith to Wannes where the duke was, 
 and there delyuered his letter. The duke reed it, and studyed a lytell and sayd, I shall 
 do it, to the entente to treate louyngly with hym. Than the duke wrote a letter to the 
 vycount of Rohan, who was at the castell of Cayre. Whan the vycount sawe the dukes 
 letter, he came incontynent to Wannes. Than the duke shewed all his purpose and 
 entencyon, and sayd : Vycount, you and the lorde of Mountbnrsier shall leade my sone 
 to the castell Josselyn, and leaue hym there, and bringe with you the lorde Olyuer 
 Clysson, for I wyll agree and make peace with hym. The vicout sayd it shulde be done 
 gladly : so they toke the dukes sonne and heyre, who was about the age of eight yere, 
 and ledde hym to y castell Josselyn, to the lorde Olyuer Clysson, who receyued them 
 ryght honorably ; and whan he sawe the chylde and the good affection of the duke, he 
 humyled and apesed his herte greatlye : and with ihat the knyghtes tolde hym, and sayd : 
 sir, ye se the good wyll of the duke, he hath spoken nothyng but his hert dothe agre to 
 the same. I se it well, quod sir Olyuer, and for that I se and perceyue his good wyll, 
 I shall put me so far forthe, that I shall yelde me vnder his obeysaunce ; and it semeth 
 .ye be ryght nere to hym, seynge he putteth his affiaunce and trust in you, to delyuer 
 you his heyre to bringe to me to lye in hostage tyll I be retourned ; I wotte nat if he 
 haue shewed you what he hath written to me, sygned and sealed with his scale. The 
 lordes answered and said : Sir, he hath well tolde vs, that he hath ryght great desyre to 
 come to a peace and accorde with you : in this ye maye right well beleue vs, we be of 
 your blode. Thaiie sir Olyuer went for the letters that the duke had sent hym, and reed 
 them. Sir, quod ihey, all that is conteyned in this letter he hath said vnto vs, and vp- 
 on the same estate he hath sent vs hyder. Than sir Olyuer ordaygned hym to departe 
 with the sayd lordes, and toke the dukes sonne agayne with them, and said : howe they 
 shulde bringe agayne the chylde to his father, sayeng that he trusted right well his pro- 
 myse, cosydring that he had proued hym so farre, and that he had shewed suche hu- 
 
 milyte. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 635 
 
 milyte, he clouted nat but that his herte was in vnyte : so they came to Wannes. The 
 duke had apoynted that sir Olyuer shulde tary at a Frcres without the towne of Wannes, 
 and there the duke shulde come and speke with hym : as it was ordayned so it was done. 
 And whan the duke sawe that sir Olyuer had broii<^ht agayne his sonne and heyre, he 
 reputed it for a great curtesy, and was well content thcrw. Thus the duke and sir Oly- 
 uer mette in the Freres, and there they Iwo alone entred into a chambre, and comuned 
 toguyder a season, and after issued out through a gardeyn and came to the ryuer syde, 
 and there they entred into a bote, and fro thens entred into a shyppe that laye at ancre ; 
 and so whan they were farre of fro all people, they comuned a longe season toguy- 
 der. What their wordes were I knowe nat, but their dealynge was as I shall shewe 
 you. 
 
 Their men had went they hadde been styll in the Freres: but as it was shewed me 
 they were thus in the shyppe more than two houres, and there made a good peace by- 
 twene them, and sware faythe and trouth eche to other without dissymulacyon. Than 
 they called agayne y boteman, and he brought them agayne where he had them, and so 
 entred agayne by the gardeyne syde into the Freres. Than anone after the duke cae 
 out and ledde sir Olyuer of Clysson by y hande, and so went into the towne of Wannes, 
 and into the castell called le Mote. Of this peace euery man was greatly reioysed, and 
 to se them so amiably togyder, and so was all the countrey. At the makyng of this 
 peace Jolm of Bloyes erle of Ponthieux' lost nat, for his reuenewes was therbyaugment- 
 ed of twetie thousande crownes of golde by yere for euer to hym and to his heyres. And 
 at this peace a maryage was ordayned for y duke of Bretaynes doughter, to confyrme the 
 better the loue and alyaunces bytwene them ; great newes ran through Fraunce and Eng- 
 lande of this peace. 
 
 Ye haue herde here before howe sir Peter of Craon fell in the frenche kynges dis- 
 pleasure, and of the duke of Orlyaunce, bycause of sir Olyuer of Clysson, in that he 
 Avolde haue slayne hym on a nyght as he went to his house warde : and howe the duke of 
 Bretayne susteyned hym in his house, by whiche occasyon the freche kyng wolde haue 
 made warre agaynst the duke, if the sickenesse that tooke hym had nat been, by whiche 
 incydentes the kynges army brake vp : and also ye haue herde howe the dukes of Berrey 
 and Burgoyne bare great displeasure to all suche as counsayled the kyng therto, as sir 
 Olyuer of Clysson, Uie lorde de la Ryuer, the lorde Johan le Mercyer, Montague, and 
 other, who afterwarde endured therby great prisonment ; and howe the two dukes had 
 the gouernauce of the realme, as long as the kynge was in his sickenesse. Also it hath 
 ben shewed what mortall warre was bytwene the duke of Bretayne, and sir Olyuer of 
 Clysson: and also howe the lordes de la Ryuer, sir Johan Mercyer, and Montague, 
 were delyuered out of prisone, whiche Montague had nat so moche uouble as the other 
 had, for as soone as the kyng was returned to his helth, he toke Motague agayne about 
 hym, and made his excuse: so by reason of these sodrie sickenesses that the kyng had 
 dyuers tymes gretly troubled the realme of Frauce, and moche abated the kynges pu- 
 issaunce, so that he had nat euery thyng done accordynge to his wyll. In this season 
 sir Peter of Craon was nothyng displeased with the kynges sickenesse, nor with the 
 trouble that they of his counsayle hadde; howebeit, than he made sute to retourne 
 agayne into the kynges fauour and loue, and the duke of Burgoyne, and the lorde Guy 
 of Tremoyle," were his aduocates to treate for hym : and lightly his peace had been 
 made, and the duke of Orlyaunce had nat ben, for he letted all that treatie: for as longe 
 as the hate endured bytwene sir Olyuer Clysson, and the duke of Bretaygne, sir Peter 
 
 4 M 2 «f 
 
 ' Penthiene. " De la Tremouille, 
 
636 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 of Craon coude come to no peace nor accorde ; but wha it was surely knowen that there 
 was a peas made bytwene the duke and sir Olyuer, tha the quarell agaynst sir Peter of 
 Craon was molyfied and well apeased. The same season queue Jane of Naples and 
 Hierusalem, and duches of Anion, had a plee in parlyament agaynst sir Peter of Craon, 
 for f some of a C. M. frakes ; this lady lay styll at Paris, the better to entende to her 
 busynesse : sir Peter of Craon y sawe hymselfe in y dager, and that he was in sute in the 
 parlyament, and knewe nat howe his busynesse shulde passe, outher with hym or 
 agaynst hym, for the ladyes partie was strong, and had good profe of whom he had re- 
 ceyued the money, in the dayes of kyng Loyes her husbade ; all these thynges co- 
 sydred, he ymagyned y it was nat easy for him to beare ; and also he knewe well he 
 was in hate with the frenche kyng, and with the duke of Orlyaunce: but the duke and 
 duchesse of Burgoyne coforted and ayded hym as moche as they myght ; he gate 
 suche grace that he was at Paris secretly, in the house of Arthoys, with the duches of 
 Burgoyne. 
 
 Nowe we shall leaue to speke of hym at this tyme. 
 
 Howe the kyng of Hungry wrote to the Frenche kynge the state of the great turke, 
 and howe Johan of Biirgoyn, eldest sonne to the duke of Burgoyne, was chefe and 
 heed of the army that went thider. 
 
 CAP. CCVI.' 
 
 IN this sayd season Hery** kyng of Hugry, sent swete and amyable letters to y freche 
 king, by a notable ambassade, a bysshop and ii. knightes of Hungry. In the same letters 
 ■was coteyned a great parte of y state and doyng of the great turke, and how that he had 
 sent worde to the kynge of Hungry, y he wolde come and fight with hym in y myddes 
 of his realme, and wolde go fro thens to the cytie of Rome, and wolde make his horse 
 to eate otes vpon the high auter of saynt Peter, and there to holde his see imperyall, 
 and wolde bringethe emperour of Constantyne the noble in his copany, and all the great 
 barons of the realme of Grece, and eche of the to kepe styll their owne lawe : for he de- 
 syred nothynge but the tytell and signorie. Thus the kyng of Hugry in his letters, 
 prayed the Frenche kyng to entende to ayde and socour him, and that this businesse in 
 farre coutreis might be publisshed abrode, to thentent that all knightes and squyers 
 myght prouyde to come into Hungry, to resyst agaynst Lamorabaquy,' the great turke, 
 to thentent y Christendome shulde, nat be violated by him, and that his pride and host 
 myght be abated. In these letters were conteygned many wordes of great loue, as 
 kynges and cosyns write eche to other in case of necessyte ; and they were sente by suf- 
 fycient personages, who dyde so moche that the Frenche kynge enclyned his hert therto, 
 and was the gladder to sette forwarde the treatie of y mariage of his doughter to the 
 kynge of Englande. Than anone these newes of Hungry were publysshed abrode, and 
 written into many countreis, to moue the hertes of gentylmen, knightes, and squiers, 
 suche as wolde auaunce them to get honour. The same season that these newes were 
 brought to the kyng, there was at Parys the duke of Burgoyne and the duchesse, and 
 Johan of Burgoyne their sonne and heyre, erle of Neuers, who as than was no knyght, 
 and the lorde Guye of Tremoyle,'^ and the lorde Wyllyam his brother, and many iordes 
 and other of the realme of Fraunce. Than the duke of Burgoyne enclyned sore to this 
 
 viage, 
 
 " Chapter CCIII, ^ Sigismond. ' Bajazet. * De la Tremouille. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 637 
 
 viage, and specially that his soiie shulde enterprice the sayd voyage, so he myght be 
 chefe heed and leader of the army that shulde go in that viage. This Johan of Burgoyne 
 was but a yonge man of the age of xxii. yeres, wyse, curtesse, tretable, humble, and 
 wel beloued of knyghtes and squyers of Burgone, and of other nacyons, suche as knewe 
 hym ; he had to wyfe the doughter of duke Aubert of Bauier,^ erle of Heynalte, Hol- 
 lande, and Zelade, a good lady, wyse and deuout, and had two chyldren lull lykely to 
 come to great maryages. One shewed this Johan of Burgoyne howe the Frenche kyng 
 wolde sende hym in this voyage into Hungry, to se Avhat he wolde saye. Than he 
 sayd, if it pleace the kynge and the duke my father to sende me as chiefe of this armye, 
 it shall please me ryght well, for I haue great desyre to auaunce myselfe. Well, sir, 
 quod they, ye were best to speke with the duke youre father that he maye speke to the 
 kynge, for without his good wyll ye can do nothynge. 
 
 It was nat long after but that this Johan of Burgoyne spake to his father, prayeng hym 
 humbly to consent y he myght go in this voyage into Hungry, and at the same tyme 
 there was by hym sir Guye and sir Wyllyam of Tremoyle,'' and other, and they said to 
 the duke: Sir, this request that your sonne makelh is but resonable, for it is tyme he 
 take the order of knighthode, and more nobly he can nat take it, than in goyng the 
 iourney agaynst the enemyes of holy Churche : and if the kynge wyll sende any per- 
 sonage in that voyage, he can nat sende a more honorable man thane his owne cosyn ger- 
 mayne your sonne', and ye shall se many knyghtes go with hym, as well for their owne 
 auaucementes as for your loue. Than the duke said, well, so be it; I shall nat lette 
 the good wyll of my sonne, I shall speke to the kyng therin, and shall sewhat answers 
 he wyll make. And anone after, the duke spake to the kynge therin, and the kynge 
 incontynent enclyned therto, and sayd, howe it shulde be well done that he went, and 
 we wyll that he shall go, and we wyll make hym as chefe of that iourney. Than y ti- 
 dynges was shewed throughe all Parys, and without, that Johan of Burgoyne, with a 
 great company of knyghtes, shulde go into Hungry to se the puyssaunce of the great 
 Turke ; and that iourney atchyued, thanne the Christenmen to go to Constatyne the 
 noble, and to passe ouer the arme of saynt George, and so to entre into Surrey," and to 
 delyuer Hierusalem out of the panyms handes. Than awaked suche knyghtes and 
 squyers as desyred aduauncement. Whan the duke of Burgoyne sawe that his sonne 
 shulde go in this voyage, and that he shulde be chiefe of the army, he honored than the 
 more the ambassadours of Ilungry, who whan they sawe the kynges good wyll, the 
 dukes, and the Frenchmens, they were gladde, and toke their leaue of the kynge and of 
 the other lordes of Fraunce, and so retourned to their countrey, and made relacyon to 
 y kyng of Hungry howe they had spedde : wherwith the kynge was greatly reioysed, 
 and made great prouisyon agaynst the comynge of the Frenchemen, and sent these am- 
 bassadours to his brother the kyng of Almaigne,** to open his passages, and also to his 
 cosyn the duke of Austriche,' for throughe the straytes of Austryche^ he muste nedes 
 passe ; and by all the wayes he caused great prouisyon of vitayle to be ordayned : and 
 also he Avrote letters to the great mayster of Pruce,' and to the Rhodes, certifyeng them 
 of the comyng of Johan of Burgoyne, with a thousande knyghtes and squiers of valyant 
 men, to the entent to entre into Turkey, and to resyst the great host of kyng Basant,^ 
 called the great turke. 
 
 In this season the lorde Coucy was come to Parys, and was but newlye retourned fro 
 a voyage, where he hadde ben a hole yere, whiche was on the fronters of Genes.'' And 
 
 there 
 
 f Bavaria. ' De la Tremouille. ' Syria. '' Germany. ! Austria; 
 
 ' Prussia. ^ Bajazet. ^ Genoa. 
 
638 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 there were certayne great men genowayes, that had enformed y duke of Orlyaunce, that 
 the hoole Duchy oTGeane,'' desyred to haue to their cliiefe lorde some noble persone, 
 discended of the lynage of the flour delyce ; and for as moche as the duke of Orlyaunce 
 had wedded the doughter of the lorde of Myllaygne, and that the lande and duchy of 
 Geane" shulde be ryght mete for hym, at the duke of Orlyaunce instaunce the lorde of 
 Coucy with thre hudred speares, and fyue hudred crosbowes, passed ouer into Sauoye, 
 and to Pyemont, by the accorde and consent of the erle of Sauoye, and came into Aste, 
 in Pyemont, by the consent of the lorde of Myllayne, and came to a cytie called Alex- 
 andria: and so came to the fronters and niarchesse of the genowayes, and there fell in 
 treatie with them to know more playnly their entecyons, for perforce he coulde do no- 
 thyng, without he had had greatter puissaunce than he had. And wlian the lorde of 
 Coucy came first vpon the fronters of the ryuer of Geane," where the entrees are stronge 
 to conquere, if there be made any defence, some lordes of the genowayes, suche as 
 fauoured the lorde Coucy, and had enformed the duke of Orlyaunce, wherby he sente 
 thyder the lorde of Coucy, they entreated him amiably and brought hym to their cou- 
 treis, and offred to hym their castels. The lorde of Coucy, who was sage, subtyle, 
 and ymao-inatyle, and knewe right well the nature of the lombardes and genowayes, 
 wolde nat trust them ouer moche, nor haue to great confydence in their offers and pro- 
 myses, but alwayes wysely he helde them in loue and amy te, as longe as he was amonge 
 them, and ledde them forthe with fayre wordes and treaties ; they had many comuny- 
 cacyons in the felde toguyder, but neuer in no fortresse, and euer the more he comuned 
 •with theym, the lesse he conquered or gate: the genouoys made to him sygne of loue, 
 and promysed hym many thynges, and wolde haue had hym to haue gone into the cytie 
 of Gennes,* or to Porte Vender, but the lorde of Coucy durst neuer assure hym in their 
 offers. The conclusyon of his voyage was suche that he gate nothynge ; and whan he 
 sawe that he coulde nat atcheue his busynesse, he signyfied his estate to the duke of 
 Orlyance : whervpon he was remaunded, and so he retourned to Parys, and came tliyder 
 the same season that all the busynesse was for the iourney goynge into Hungery. The 
 duke of Burgoyne reioysed greatly of his retourne, and he and the duchesse sente for 
 hym to their house of Arthoyse, in sygne of great loue ; than they sayd to him : Syr, 
 we trust moche in you : we haue caused Johan our sonne and heyre to take on hym an 
 eiiterprise in y honour of god and of all christendome, and we knowe well that aboue 
 all other knyghtes of Fraunce, ye are the moste vsed and expert in all thynges ; wher- 
 fore derely we requyre you that ye wolde be companion -with our sonne in this voyage, 
 and liis chyefe counsaylour, wherof we shall thanke you, and deserue it to you and 
 yours. Than the lorde of Coucy said : my lorde, and you madame, your wordes and 
 requestes ought to be to me a comaundement : in this voyage I shall go if it please god, 
 for two causes: First, for deuocyon to defende the faythe of Jhesu Christ: Secondly, 
 in that ye do to me so moche honour, as to gyue me charge of my lorde Johan your 
 sonne, and I shall acquyte me truely to him to my power; howebeit, of this dede ye 
 may well dyscharge me, and to charge specyally his cosyn and nere kynesman, my lorde 
 Phylyppe of Arthoys, erle of Ewe, and constable of Fraunce, and his other cosyn the 
 erle of Marche ; bothe two ought to go with hym in this voyage, for they be both nere 
 of his blode. Than the duke sayd : My lorde of Coucy, ye haue moche more sene than 
 these other twayn haue, and knowe better the orderynge of an army in straunge 
 countreys, than outher our cosyn of Ewe or of March : therfore we charge you and 
 praye you to execute our requestes. Than he aunswered and sayd : my lorde, your 
 prayer is to me a comaundement, and I shall do it, sythe it pleaseth you, with the 
 ayde and helpe of my lorde Guye of Tremoyle," and of my lorde Guillyam his 
 
 brother, 
 
 * Genoa, '' Porto Venere. f De la Tremouille. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 639 
 
 brother, and ol' the admyrall of Fraunce. Of this answere the duke and duchesse had 
 great ioye. 
 
 These lordes prepared themselues to go in this iourney into Hugery, and lordes, 
 knyghtes, and squyers, were desyred to go in their company, and many desyred them- 
 selfe to go. Some were retaygned, and some went without maysters, and some, consy- 
 derynge the voyage into Hungery, and fro thence into Turkey to be ouerlonge, and 
 chargeable lor them, beynge nat retaygned, waxed colde in their enterpryse. For the 
 settynge forwarde of this yonge Johan of Burgoyne, nothynge was spared, horse, har- 
 nesse, fresshe clothes, riche vessell, and plate of golde and syluer, and oflTycers apoynt- 
 ed to do their atendauce, and money delyuered and wei kenien payed. Than all barones, 
 knightes, and squiers, for the honour of Johfi of Burgoyne, and also for the auaunce- 
 ment of their bodies, enforced them to make them redy. The lorde Phylyppe of Ar- 
 thoys ordeyned hym so puyssauntly that nothynge was spared, and wolde go in that 
 voyage as Constable of Fraunce ; and the frenche kynge who loued him entierlye, helped 
 hym moche towarde his charges, and so he dyd to the lorde Boucyquaut marshall of 
 Fraunce. The duke of Burgoyne consydered that this voyage of his sonnes shulde coste 
 ouer moche fynaunce, and he thought it conuenyent that the state of his sonne shulde 
 be mayntayned : and to fynde syluer to mayntayne it withall, he foude out subtelly a 
 backe tayle f for by a former tayie all the countreys, cyties, and fortresses, had bea 
 tayled, and the said backe tayle* mounted in Burgoyne of the chyuailry, syxe hundred 
 thousande crownes of golde: and agayne, the duke made it to be tolde to all knyghtes 
 and ladyes that helde of him in fee, yonge and olde, that they shulde go into Hungery 
 in their owne propre persones with his sonne, or els to paye a taxe of syluer; so they 
 were taxed, some at a thousande poude, the other at fyue hundred frankes, and eche 
 man after his goodes and valure of his landes. Ladyes and auncyent knyghtes remem- 
 bringe the traueyle of their bodyes, and were nat shapen nor made to endure suche 
 payne, conpouded and payed at the wyll of the Duke. The yonge knyghtes and squy- 
 ers were forborne payeng of any money, but it was said to them that they shulde go 
 with the lorde Johan at their owne coste and charge, and otherwyse nat. Of this backe 
 tayle the duke reysed Ix. thouslde crownes, and so none was forborne. 
 
 The tydynges of this voyage spredde abrode, and whan it came into the countrey of 
 Haynalt, knyghtes and squyers, suche as desyred auauncement, spake togyther and 
 sayde : A, this m ere a mete voyage for my lorde of Ostreuant, who is yonge, and for 
 his brother the erle of Neuers, and if any of them wente, we myght well go in their com- 
 pany. The erle of Ostreuant beynge at that tyme at Qiiesnoy, vnderstode what the 
 knyghtes and squyers of his countrey sayde, and he thought no lesse tha they dyd, and 
 had great affectyon to go in this voyage ; and whan he herde any spekyng of that mater, 
 he wolde answere but lytell, but dyssymuled the mater, but he was in good entencyon 
 to speke with duke Aubert of Bauyer erle of Haynalt, and to do as he wolde counsayle 
 hym. Within a whyle after the Erie of Ostreuant came into Hay,'' in Holand, where 
 his father was with the duchesse his wyfe ; than he sayd to his father: my lorde^ suche 
 tydinges rynneth abrode that my fayre brother of Neuers hathe enterprised this somer to 
 go into Hungery, and fro thens into Turkey, where by all lykelyhode great dedes of 
 armes shall be atchyued ; and syr, as at this tyme I wotte nat where better to enploye 
 myselfe in anydede of armes, wherin I wolde gladly knowe youre pleasure; 1 wolde go 
 in that honourable voyage with a hundred knyghtes, and beare company with my fayre 
 brother ; the duke of Burgoyne, and my lady the duches shall can me gret thanke, and 
 
 many 
 
 ! " Arriere-taille," reserved tax. I; The Hague. 
 
640 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 many knyghtes and squyers of Haynalt, wyll gladly holde me company. Than duke 
 Aubert, as a man redy purueyed of aunswere, sayd: Guylliani, what haste or wyll 
 haue you to go in this voyage into Hungery, and into Turkey, to seke amies vpon peo- 
 ple and countrey that neuer dyd vs any forfeyte ; thou hast no tytell of reason to go, 
 but for the vayne glory of the worlde : lette Johan of Burgoyne and our cosins of 
 Fraunce do their enterprise, and do thy dedes aparte, and go thou into Frese' and con- 
 quere our herytage, that these frcsones by pride and rudenes do witholde fro vs, and 
 wyll come to none obeysaunte, and to do this I shall ayde the. The wordes of the fa- 
 ther to the sonne lyghtened greatly the herte of therle of Ostreuant, who aunswered and 
 sayd: My lorde, ye saye well, and if it please you that I shall do that voyage, I shall 
 do it with ryght a good wyll. 
 
 Howe the erle of Ostreuant enterprised to go into Frese.^ 
 
 CAP. CCVII." 
 
 THESE wordes bytwene the father and the sonne multyplyed so raoche, lytell and 
 lytell, that the voyage into Frese" was taken and enterprised, and one thyng helped 
 moche the matter forwarde, and that was, the erle of Ostreuant had at that tyme aboute 
 hym, and nere of his counsayle, a squyer of Haynalte, called Ferebrase, otherwise 
 called the bastarde Vertayne, a wyse man and a subtyli in feates of armes, so that whan 
 he herde of this he said to the erle : Syr, my lorde your father speketh well, it is better 
 for your honour that ye make this voyage rather than into Hungery, and ordayne you 
 therto, and ye shall fynde knyghtes and squyers of Haynalt, and elsewhere, that wyll 
 be gladde to kepe you company, and shall ayde you to their powers to do this enter- 
 prise: and if ye haue raynde thus to do, I wyll counsayle you to go into Englande, and 
 to signyfy your enterprise to the knyghtes and squyers there: and pray the kynge of 
 Englande your cosyn, that he wyll gyue lycence to knyghtes, squyers, and archers, to 
 go with you into Frese," at your wages: englysshemen be men of dedes, and if ye haue 
 them ye shall do your businesse the better ; and if ye may haue by prayer your cosyn 
 therle of Derby in your company, your voyage shall be moche the fayrer, and your en- 
 terprise the more renomed. The erle enclyned to those wordes, for it semed to hym 
 that his counsayle was good. In lykewyse the lorde Gomegynes gaue hym counsayle, 
 and so dyd dyuers other. These wordes anone spredde abrode in Haynalte. Than there 
 was a commaundement made to all knyghtes and squiers in Heynalt, that none of theym 
 shulde go out of the coutrey, to go into Hungery, nor into no place els, bycause 
 the erle of Ostreuant shulde ocupy them another waye, and shulde leade them into 
 Frese.* We shall leaue speakynge of this busynesse, and retourne to the voyage into 
 Hungery. 
 
 Thus knyghtes and squiers in many parties had cause to awake, and to take corage, 
 for y warres that were towarde in that season, as well for the voyage into Hungery as 
 into Frese." The erle of Neuers auaunced his iourney, and all knyghtes and squyers 
 were named and written that shulde go with him : prouision was great and well ordeyned, 
 and for that he wolde be renomed in this voyage he was lyberali, and made great larges 
 to many knyghtes and squyers that shulde go in his bande, for the voyage was longe and 
 
 costelyj 
 
 ; Friealand. ' Chapter CCIV. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 641 
 
 costeiy, wherfore it was nedefull for the to haue some ayde towardes their charges ; and 
 the other lordes, as the constable of Frai^^ice, and the erles of Ewe and Marche, the 
 lordes Henry and Phylippe of Bare, tlie lorde of Coucy, the lorde Guy of Tremoyle,* 
 the lorde Jolian Vyen admyrall of Fraiince, Boucyquaut marshall of Fraunce, and Ray- 
 nolde du Roy, the lordes of saynt Powle, of Mutterell,'' and of saynte Pye, the Hasell 
 ofFlaunders, the lorde Loys of Brese his brother, le Bourge of Montquell, and other, 
 they were to the noinbre of a thousande knyghtes, and a thousande squyers, and all va- 
 lyaunt men ; euery man departed fro their owne houses about the myddes of marche, 
 and so rode forth by companyes, and ahvayes they founde the wayes open, for the kynge 
 of Almayne" had comauded through all his realme of Almayne," and Boesme,"^ that they 
 shulde haue all thynges necessary, and that no vytayle shulde be witholden fro them. 
 These lordes of Frauce thus rode forwarde to the ayde of the kyng of Hungery, who 
 shulde haue batayle with the great turke, puyssaunce agaynst puyssaunce, the twenty 
 day of the moneth of May. These lordes passed Lorayne, the countie of Bare, the 
 countie of Mountbelyart, and the duchy of Burgoyn, and entred into Ausay, and pass- 
 ed the coutrey and the ryuer of Ryne, in many places, and the countie of Fierte,* and 
 so entered into Austriche,' whiche is a great coutrey, and the entres and issues stronge, 
 and great desertes: but they went with so good wyll and corage, that payne and traueyle 
 greued them nothyng. The duke of Austriche'made capytaynes in his countrey, suche 
 as made the lordes good chere, and specyally to John of Burgoyne, who was chiefe of 
 that army. All these lordes were apoynted to assemble in a cytie in Hungery, called 
 Bode.« 
 
 Nowe let vs speke of other maters. 
 
 Ye haue herde here before howe the kynge of Englande had sente in the same seasoa 
 sufiycient ambassade to the frenche kyng and tohiscounsayle, to haue to his wyfe Isabell 
 the doughter of Fraunce, whiche ambas^adours were the archebysshop of Duuelyn," the 
 bysshoppe of Wynchester, the erle Marshall, the erle of Rutlande, sonne to the duke 
 of Yorke, the lorde Henry Clyfforde, the lorde Beamonde, the lorde Spenser, and 
 many other: the frenche kyng had made them good chere, and all his vncles and coun- 
 sayls, whiche ambassade were retourned into Englande vpon good hope to atayne to 
 their desyres. The kynge of Englande for his parte, all the wynter folowynge, often- 
 tymes sent to the frenche kynge, consernynge the sayd maters, who was well enclyned 
 to haue peace, and to haue ende of the warre, whiche had ouer longe endured. These 
 pursutes and treaties toke suche effect, and the two kynges had writen so solemply eche 
 to other, that their maters drewe nere to a poynte : so that suche ambassadours as were 
 fyrst sent out of England into Fraunce, were than sente agayne, and came to Parys, and 
 were lodged at the crosse of Tyroner,' and their men in the streat there aboute. They 
 were to the nombre of syxe hundred. Thus they soiourned at Parys more than thre 
 wekes. 
 
 De la Tremouille. * Montorel. ' Germany. ■* Bohemia. ' Ferrate. 
 
 Austri*. I Buda. >• Dublin. ' Croix du Tiroir. 
 
 Vot. II. 4 N Of 
 
642 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 Of the iudgemel made in the parliament for the queue of JVapoles agaynst syr Peter 
 
 of Craone. 
 
 CAP. CCIX.^ 
 
 THE same seasone that the En^jlysshemen were at Paris, quene Jane, duches of An- 
 iowe, who wrote herselfe quene of Napoles and of Jherusalem, Avas at Parys, and pur- 
 sued dylygently her busynesse ; she was a lady of great corage : she pleted in parlya- 
 ment for two causes : The fyrst was for the herytage of the countie of Roussey, agaynst 
 the Erie of Brayne,'' for Loys the duke of Anion, her lorde and husbande, had bought 
 it and payed for it, to a lady that was covitesse of Roussey, somtyme wyfe to the lorde 
 Loys of Namure, but afterwarde she was deuorsed fro hym for a reasonable cause, as it 
 ^as sayde. The seconde sute this quene had was agaynst syr Peter of Craon : she de- 
 niaunded of hym the some of a hundred thousande frankes, whiche she was redy to 
 proue that he liad receyued it in the name of his lorde and mayster, Loys kyng of Na- 
 poles, Cysyll, and Jherusalem, her husbande, which money vvas delyuered hym to 
 liaue payed into Powell," and or it was payed he herde howe his sayd mayster my hus- 
 bande was deed; than he iourneyed no further, but returned agayne into Fraunce, and 
 kept styll the sayd some of money to his owne profyte, and neuer made acompte to the 
 sayde quene therof, nor to her chyldren Loys and Charles, but spente and wasted the 
 money in pride and bobbans. The quene layde to hi> charge that for faute of payment 
 of the sayd money, the realme of Napoles was loste and conquered by Margarete of 
 Duras,'' and by the heyres of the lorde Charles de la Paix,'' by reason that suche sou- 
 dyours as her husbande had to mayntayne his warres in Puell' and Calabre, were nat 
 payed their wages, wherby many tourned to the Erie of saynt Seuyre,' and to Margarete 
 of Duras,*^ and other departed and lefte the warres. All these causes were put into 
 the Parlyament chambre at Parys, where all causes were preposed, shewed, and de- 
 maunded, and all the defences and aunsweres herde on all partyes. Their plee had en- 
 dured the space of thre yeres, and though syr Peter of Craon were absent fro the par- 
 lyament, yet his aduocates defended his cause, and sayd, though he had receyued the 
 sayd some in the name of his lorde and mayster, yet his mayster was as moche bounde to 
 him as that some came to and more, for the good seruyce that he had done to him. 
 This plee had endured so longe that it was necessary to haue a conclusyon, and the lady 
 made importunate sewte to haue iudgement. The lordes of the parlyament consydred 
 all thynges, and sayd they wolde gyue no iudgement, without both parties were present : 
 and syr Peter of Craon durste nat well apere in Parys, bycauseof the kynges dyspleasure, 
 and the duke of Orlyance, for the ofience that he had doone to syr Olyuer of Clysson 
 constable of Fraunce : and without he were present they wolde gyue no sentence defyni- 
 tyue; whervpon the sayd lady pursewed to set hym clere in Fraunce, and by her meanes 
 he was pardoned, so that he myght ryde and go where he lyst without any daunger, ex- 
 cept the sute that was bytwene her and hym for the sayd some of money. So he was 
 clerely dyscharged of all other charges, and lordes and ladyes made hym good chere : I 
 Wote nat whether it were by dissymnlacyon or otherwyse. Thus he was agayne at Parys 
 holdynge as great estate as euer he dyd. The same tyme he was apoynted to be one of 
 theym to receyue and bringe the englysshe ambassadours to the kynge, for he was a 
 
 knyght 
 
 J Chapter CCV. '' Brianne. ' Apulia. '' Durazzo. ' St. Seuerino. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 643 
 
 knyght that hadde sene luoclie, and kuewe nioclie honoiire. Than the daye was pre- 
 i'yxed that the judgement coricernynf>;e the qiienes maters sliiilde be determyned, at 
 whiche day there were present in tlic pailyament great nombre of'the lordes of Fraunce 
 to th ■ ■ 
 
 the enteiit ihat the maters shulde be the more aiitentyke: there was the quene of Ci- 
 yll and Jherusalem, and her sonne Charles, prince of Thaurent,^ and Johan of Bloys, 
 ailed Johan of Bretaygne, erle ofPonthyeiire and of Lymogynes, and the dukes of Or- 
 lyaunce, Berrey, Burgoyne, and Burbone, and the erle of Bi ayne,'' and the bysshoppe 
 of Laon ; and before theym the lady was iierdeto lave her tytell for ihecountie of Rous- 
 sey : and on the other parte there was syr Peter of Craon, and many of his lygnage. 
 Fyrste iudgement was gyuen for the countye of Roussey, and that was, the herytage was 
 remyssed and iudged into the handes and possessyon of the erle of Brayne,'' and to the 
 heyres that shulde dyscende of the ryght braunche of Roussey, reserued that the quene 
 shulde haue agayne repayed to her all the money that kynge Loys her husbande hadde 
 payed to the countesse of Roussey laste deed. Of this iudgement the enherytours of 
 the countie of Roussey, to whom the herytage pertayned, thanked greatly the lordes of 
 the parliament. Than suche as were ordayned to gyue the seconde sentence arose vp 
 and sayde: howe that by the sentence of the pariyam'ent, sir Peter of Craon ought to pay 
 to the quene of Napoles duchesse of Aniowe, the somme of a hundred thousande frankes 
 in redy money, or els his body to go to prysone tyll she were contented and satysfyed. 
 Of this iudgement the sayd lady thanked the lordes of the parlyament, and incontynent 
 at the coplaynte of the lady, handes was layde on him by the kynges commaundement, 
 and so was ledde to the castell of Loure,"" and there surely kepte. So the lordes de- 
 parted fro the parlyament. Thus these two iudgementes were gyuen by the princypall 
 occasyon of this lady, duchesse of Aniou. 
 
 Of the conchisyon of the maryage taken at Parys, bytwene the kynge of Englande, 
 and Isabell eldest daughter to the frenche kynge : and howe the duke of Lancaslre 
 remaryed. 
 
 CAP. CCX."* 
 
 THE ambassadours of Englande were with the frenche kynge at Parys a xxii. dayes, 
 and they had as good chere as coulde be deuysed, and their maters tooke suche effecte, 
 that it was agreed that the kyng of Englande shuld haue in maryage Isabell the eldest 
 doughter of kynge Charles : and by vertue of procuracyon the erle Marshall fyaunced 
 and espoused her in the name of the kinge of Englande, and so she was called fro thens- 
 forthe quene of Englande. And as I was enfoui med it was a goodly syght to se her be- • 
 hauour : for all that she was but yonge, ryght plesauntly she bare the porte of a quene. {, 
 Than all this mater concluded, the englysshemen tooke their leaue of the Frenche 
 kynge and of the quene, and of their doughter quene of Englande, and of all other 
 lordes, and so departed fro Parys, and retourned to Calays, and so into Englande. 
 The kynge and other of his opynyon were glad of their retourne. But who so euerwas 
 gladde of that maryage, the duke of Gloucestre, vncle to the kynge, made no ioye 
 thereof, for he sawe well that by reasone of that maryage and alyaunce, peace shulde be 
 bytwene the kinges and their realmes, whiche greued hym, without it shulde be greatly 
 to the honour of the kynge and the realme of Englande, and that the Englysshemen 
 
 4 N 2 myght 
 
 • Tarento. " Brianne. ' The Louvre. '' Chapter CCVI. 
 
644 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 myght be in the same case or better in the parties of Gascoyne, as they were, or the 
 warres renewed agayne ; and of this matter he wolde oftentymes speke with his brother 
 the duke of Yorke, and drewe hym as moche as he coulde to his opynions, for he was 
 but a softe prince: but to the duke of Lancastre his eldest brother, he durste nat speke 
 ouer largely, for he savve well he was of the kynges opynion, and was well pleased with 
 the kynges maryage, princypally for the loue of his two doughters, the quene of Spaygne 
 and the quene of Portugale. The same season the duke of Lancastre remaryed agayne 
 the thyrdetyme, to a lady, doughter to a kuyo;ht in Haynalte, called syr Paon of Ruette; 
 he had ben in his tyme with the noble quene Pliylyp of Englande, who was of the nacyon 
 of Haynalt : she was called Katheryn, and was brought vp in her youthe in the duke of 
 Lancasters bowse, with the duchesse Blaunce of Lancastre ; and after the dethe of this 
 lady Blaunce, the duke maryed the lady Costaunce of Spaygne, and in her dayes the 
 duke kepte to his concubyne this lady Katheryne of Ruet, who hadde maryed a knyght 
 of Englande, who was as than deed:^ and the duke had by her thre'' chyldren, two 
 sonnes and a doughter, the eldest called Johan, otherwyse lorde Beauforde of Lan- 
 castre, the duke loued hym entyerly : the other was called Thomas, the duke brought 
 him vp at Asque:"^ he was a good clerke and connynge in bothe Jawes, he was a great 
 iuryst and legyst, and was after bysshoppe of Lyncolne ; the duke of Lancastre, for the 
 loue he had to his chyldren, he wedded their mother the lady Katheryn of Ruet, wherof 
 there was moche marueyle bothe in Englande and in Fraunce, for she was but of a base 
 lynage, in regarde to the two other wyues. And whan the knowledge of the maryage 
 of the duke to this lady Kateryne of Ruet was come to the great ladyes of Englande, as 
 the duchesse of Gloucestre, the countesse of Derby, the countesse of Arundell, and 
 other ladyes, dyscended of the blode royall of Englande, they marueyled moche, and 
 layd gret blame to the duke for that dede, and sayde, howe the duke of Lancastre was 
 greatly to dysprayse to mary his concubyne ; for by reason therof she shulde be the se- 
 conde person in honoure in Englande, wherby they sayd the quene shulde be shame- 
 fully acompanyed, and sayde, howe surely they wolde nat come into no place where she 
 shulde be presente ; and moreouer they sayde, it shulde be a great shame for theym, 
 that suche a duchesse, come of so base a blode, (and concubyne to the duke in his other 
 wyfes dayes), shulde go and haue the preemynence before them: they sayde their hertes 
 shulde breke for sorowe : bothe the duke of Gloucestre, and the duchesse his wyfe, 
 spake of this mater, and sayd howe the duke of Lancastre was nat wyse. but fowle ouer- 
 sene to marry his concubyne, and sayde they Avolde neuer do her honoure, nor call her 
 suster. The duke of Yorke passed it ouer lyghtly ynough, for he was euer lyghtly re- 
 sydente aboute the kynge and with the duke of Lancastre. The duke of Gloucestre 
 was of another maner, for he sette by no man, though he were yongest brother ; he was 
 orgulous and presumptuous of maner, and therto he enclyned his nature, and ahvayes 
 agaynst the kynges opynions and his counsaylours. Thus this lady Kateryne of Ruet 
 was duchesse of Lancastre, and Avas as the seconde persone in Englande, and was moche 
 aboute the kynge, as she that knewe moche honour, for in her youth and all her dayes 
 she had ben brought vp therin : and the duke loued greatly the chyldren that he had by 
 her, and that he shewed well in his lyfe and after his dethe. 
 
 Ye haue herde here before howe iugement of the parliament was gyuen agaynst syr 
 Pe^er of Craon, and howe he was condempned in a hundred thousande frankes, to be 
 payed to the Qiiene of Napoles. Whan the sayde syr Peter sawe howe he was con- 
 dempned he was sore abasshed, for outher he muste paye the some, or els abyde styll 
 prisoner. Than he was counsayled by the duke of Burgoyne and by the duchesse, y 
 
 he 
 
 ' Sir Hugh Swinford. * According to Sandfordj the duke had four children by her. ' Oxford. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 645 
 
 he shulde requyre the yonge quene of Englande to be ineane for hym to the quene of 
 Napoles, that he myght be released oute of prysone fyftene dayes to go abrode in Parys, 
 to sewe to his frendes to pay his fynauce, or els to fynde sureties for him tyll he myght 
 go into Bretaygne to gather amonge his frendes the same some. So at the desyre of the 
 yon^e quene of Englande, the quene of Napoles was contente that he shulde go all the 
 day abrode in Paris, and at nyght alwayes to yelde hymselfe prisoner into the castell of 
 Lowre," and there to remayne all the night. After this rate he went abrode and sewed 
 to many of his blode and frendes, but he coulde fynde none that wolde abyde there pri- 
 soner for hym, the some was so great. And at the ende of the fyftene dayes he was 
 fayne to returne prisoner bothe day and nyght, and was kept streyghter than he was be- 
 fore at his cost and charge. 
 
 Nowe lette vs a lytell speke of the iourney of therle of Neuers, and the lordes of 
 Fraunce, and what they dyd the same somer in Hungery : and after we shall speke of 
 the goynge into Frese,'' of the erle of Haynalte, and the erle of Ostreuaunt. The erle 
 of Neuers and his company, with many valyaunt men that he had of Fraunce, and of 
 other countreys, whan they were come into Hungery into a great cytie called Bode," 
 the kyng of Hungery made them good chere, and well they descrued it, for they were 
 come farre of to se him. The entensyon of the kynge was, that or he sette forwarde 
 with his puyssaunce, and with the ayde of Fraunce to entre into the felde, to herefyrste 
 some newes fro the great turke called Lamorabaquy,'' who had sent hym worde in the 
 moneth of February, that surely he wolde be in Hungery or the ende of the moneth of 
 Maye, and that he wolde passe the water of Dunce:' of whiche message many had 
 great marueyle. And some sayde that there is in a maner nothynge but that man maye 
 do it, consyderynge that the turke is valyaunt and puyssaut, and desyreth moche dedes 
 of armes ; therfore sythe he hath said it, by all iykelyhode he wyll do it : and if he passe 
 nat the Dunce' to come hyther to this syde, than lette vs passe ouer and entre into Tur- 
 key with puyssauce: for the kynge of Hungery with suche ayde as he hath of straungers, 
 shall well make an hundred thousande men, and suche a nombre of suche men are well 
 able to conquere all Turkey, and to go into the empyre of Perce ;' and if we may haue 
 one Iourney of vyctory vpon the great turke, we shall do after what we lyst, and shall 
 conquere Surey,' and all the holy lande of Jherusalem, and shall delyuer it fro the 
 handes of the Sodayne,'' and the enemyes of god : for at the somer nexte commynge, the 
 Frenche kynge, and the kynge of Englande, who wyll conioyne togyther, shall reyse 
 vp a great nombre of men of aimes and of archers, and shall fynde the passages open to 
 receyue them ; than nothyng shall abyde before vs, but all shall be conquered and put 
 in oure obeysaunce, whan we shall go all togyther. Thus deuysed the Frenchemen that 
 were in the realme of Hungery. 
 
 Whan the moneth of May was come, trustynge to here tydynges of Lamorabaquy'* the 
 greate Turke, the kynge of Hungery sent to the passages of the ryuer of Dunce,' and 
 sent throughout his realme to assemble his puissaunce togyder ; and the lordes of the 
 Rodes came to hym strongly, and all the moneth of May they taryed for the comyng of 
 the sarazyns, but no tydynges coulde be herde of them. Than the kynge of Hungery 
 sente suche as knewe the countrey beyonde the ryuer of Dunce,' to serche to haue some 
 tydynges of the great turke. Suche as wente sertched all the countrey beyonde the 
 Erase of saynt George,' and to the marches of Alexaundre, of Damas,"" and Antyoche, 
 but they coulde here no newes of Lamorabaquy,'' nor of none army towarde. Than 
 
 they 
 
 ' The Louvre. " Friezland. ' Buda. ■* Bajazet. ' Danube. ' Persia. 
 
 ^ Syria. J" Sultan. ' " Le Bras St. George"— i/ie Hellespont. " Damascus. 
 
646 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 they retourned and shewed the king what they had herde and sane. Than the kynge 
 assembled liis counsayle, and called the lordes ol' Fraiince, who desyred to do dedes of 
 armes. The kynp; shewed them howe he had senle men into Tui key to haue knowlege 
 what his enemies dyd, and howe they coulde here no (ydinges of Lamorabaquy,' nor no 
 lykelyiiode of his aprochyng, for all y promesse he had made to passe the Dunce,'' and 
 to entre into Hugery to fight with the Crysten men or mydde May shulde passe, wher- 
 f'ore the kynge demaunded what counsayle they wolde gyue hym to do. Than the 
 lorde of Coucy for all the other, sayd : Syr, though Lamorabaquy" come nat forwarde 
 acordynge to his promesse, and maketh but a iape therof, yet that ought nat to lette vs 
 to do dedes of armes, and to pursue our enemyes, seynge we be assembled to y purpose. 
 Tlius all the frenchmen, almayns,'^ and other straungers, shewed well howe they had 
 great desyre toseke out Lamorabaquy^ to fyght with him, whiche was to their great ho- 
 nour. The lorde of Coucyes wordes were affyrmed by all the straungers: it was all their 
 opynyons howe they coulde enploye their season and tyme no better. Than it was or- 
 deyned by the kynge and by his marshalles, that euery man shulde prepare hymselfe to 
 be redy to sette forwarde at a daye assygned, whiche was the vtas of saynt Johan the 
 Baptyst. Than offycers and other seruauntes aparelled for tlieir maisters all thynges 
 necessary, and the Frenchemen thynkynge to be fresshe and gay, spared nouther golde 
 norsyluer. Their departure fro Bode,'' the soueraygne cytie of Hungary, was goodly 
 to regarde. The constable of Hungery had the vowarde, with a great nombre of hun- 
 garyons and almayns"^ with him, bycause he knewe the countreys ; and nexte after hym 
 rode the frenchemenne with the constable of Fraunce, the erle de la Marche, the lorde 
 of Coucy, syr Henry and syr Phylyppe of Bare, and dyuers other ; and with the kynge 
 rode the great lordes of his countrey, as reasone was, and besyde the kyng rode Johaa 
 of Burgoyne, and oftentymes deuysed with the kyng: they were in the felde a threscore 
 thousande horse, they hadde but fewe a foote, sauynge suche as were folowers. The 
 company of the crysten men were noble and well ordred, and of Hungery there were 
 many crosebowes a horsebacke : the army iourneyed so longe that they came to the ryuer 
 of Dunce,** and passed ouer in shyppes and barges, and suche bridges as they had or- 
 deyned for that purpose : it was eight dayes or they were all passed ouer, and as they 
 passed they lodged theym, enery company taryenge for other. This ryuer of Dunce'' 
 departeth y realmes of Hungery and Turkey asonder. 
 
 Whan the cristen men were all ouer, and nothynge taryed behynde, and were in the 
 froters of Turkey, they greatlye reioysed and desyred greatly to do dedes ol armes; 
 there they toke counsayle, and determyned to go and ley siege to a towne in Turkey, 
 called Coniecte f and as they ordayned so they dyde, and besieged it as they myght 
 well do, for it stode in a playne countrey, and a ryuer ioynynge to it with shyppes 
 theron, called Mecte,' the heed comynge out of Turkey, and fallynge into the see at 
 the ryuer of Dunce ;** the ryuer of Dunce'' is a great ryuer of thre hundred myles in 
 length, fro the begynnynge tyll it entre into the see, whiche were the moost profytable 
 ryuer in all the worlde for the realme of Hugry, if the shyppes that be theron myght 
 issue out therof into the see, but they can nat : for in the mouthe therof, whan they shulde 
 issue into the see, there is in the ryuer a moutayne whiche departeth the ryuer in two 
 partes, and maketh suche brute and noyse, that it maye well be herde seuyn myle of, 
 and for that cause there is no shyppe y dare aproche nere to it : alonge by this ryuer syde 
 there be fayre medowes and pastures, wherby all the countrey is well serued, and dyuers 
 vynes, whiche in seasone make good wynes, whiche the Turkes do make and putte into 
 
 goot 
 
 ? Bajazet. '■ Danube. ' Germans. '' Buda. ' Mr, Johnes 
 
 supposes this to be Nissa. ' Moislva— Johnes. 
 
THE GRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 647 
 
 goot skynnes, and selleth it vnto Christen men ; for accordyng to their lawe they dare 
 drinke no wyne to be knowen, it is defended them on payne of lyfe: but they eate the 
 reysynges, and they haue other good frutes and spyces, wherof they make drinke, and 
 vse greatly to drinke gootes mylke, whiche refressheth theyni in the hote season. Thus 
 the kynge of Hungry and his boost lodged before the cytie of Coniecte* at their ease 
 and pleasure, for no manne troubled their siege. And whan they came before the cy- 
 tie they foude the frutes rype, the wliiche was great pleasure to them ; they made to 
 this cytie dyuers assautes, and they within defended themselfe, trustyng dayly to haue 
 ayde and socour of Lamorabaquy'' their lorde, to reyse the siege with puyssaunce : but 
 he dyde nat, wherby the cytie was taken by force of assaute, and dislroyed with great 
 slaughter of men, women, and chyldren, for the christen men that entred hadde no 
 mercy nor pytie. Whafie this cytie was thus Avonne, the kyng of Hungry dislodged 
 and wente Ibrwarde into Turkey, and was delermyned to go and ley siege to a great 
 cytie called Nicopoly ; and as they rode they foude in their waye the towne of Q^uayre,'^ 
 and layde siege to it fyftene dayes or it was won, but final lye it was won by assaute, and 
 clene distroyed, and so passed fortlie ; and in their waye they founde another towne and 
 a stronge castell, called Brehappe, and a knyght of Turkey was lorde therof, and was 
 within the castell to defende it ; the kyng and his army were lodged within a myle 
 where was a fayre ryuer, and about the towne there was Done ; there the erle of Neuers 
 was made knight and reysed his banner, and with hym were made mo than thre hun- 
 dred knvghtes,"and all they and their companies went before Brehap, and besieged it, 
 and wan tlie towne perforce within four dayes, but nat the castell, it was so strong: the 
 lorde of Brehap saued moche of his people by force of the castell, who was called Cor- 
 bodas, a right valyant knyght, and he had other thre bretlierne, one named Maladius, 
 another Balachius, and the thirde Rufyn. After this towne was won, the christen men 
 were before the castell seuyn dayes, and made dyuers assautes, but they loste more than 
 they wanne. The foure knyghtes bretherne y were within shewed well by their defence 
 that they were valyant men. Whan the Frenchemen hadde consydred well tlie force 
 of the castell, and the valyaunt ordringe of the turkes within, and the defence that they 
 made, they sawe well thaiie they loste their payne, and so dislodged, for they had 
 knowledge howe the kyng of Hungry wolde go and laye siege to the stronge towne of 
 Nicopolye. Thus the siege before Brehap brake vp, and they within the castell were 
 in peace, but the towne was clene brent. Than the erle of Neuers, and all the lordes 
 of Frace resorted to the kynges armye, ordring theselfe to go to Nicopoly. 
 
 Whane Corbodas of Brehappe sawe the siege brokenne vp, he was right ioyfull, and 
 sayde to his copany : We nede no more to fere this season, though my towne be brent 
 and exiled, I shall right well recouer it agayne : but of one thynge I marueyle greatly, 
 and that is, that I can here no newes fro my lorde the kyng Besant,'' called Lamora- 
 baquy •} for the last tyme that 1 sawe hym in the cytie of TS'icopoly, he sayde vnto me, 
 that this May tyme he wolde be in this countrey, and had entencyon to passe with a 
 great puyssaunce the brase of saynt George,*^ and to go into Hugry to fight with the 
 christen men, and so he sent worde to the kyng of Hungry, and yet he hath done no- 
 thyng, and thervpon they of Hugry be fortifyed, and haue as nowe great socour out of 
 Frailice, and haue passed the ryuer of Dunce,^ and are enlred into Turkey, and haue 
 and do distroye the countre, for there is no resistence made against the, and they thinke 
 surely to go and lay siege before Nicopoly; the cytie is stronge ynoughe to resyst the 
 siege a longe season, if it be well defended and keple ; we are here four bretherne and 
 knyghtes of the lynage of kynge Besant:'' we ought and are bounde to defende his ryght, 
 
 therfore 
 
 ' Nusa. ;^ Bajazet. ' Laquaire. '' The Hellespont. ' Danube. 
 
648 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 therfore lette vs order oureselfe as I shall shewe you ; I and my brother Maladyus, we 
 shall go to the cytie of Nicopoly, to ayde, to heipe and dcfende it, and my brother Ba- 
 lachyus shall abyde here to kepe this castell ot Brehap, and my brother Ruf'yne shall 
 passe the brase of saynt George,' and go seke out Lamorabaquy,'' and shewe him euery 
 thynge that is past and done, and aduyse hym for his honoure to entede to defende his 
 herytage, and to come with suche puyssaunce that maye resyst the christen men, and to 
 breke their purpose, or els he shall lese y realme of Arraony,"^ whiche he hath con- 
 quered, and his owne countrey also: for by all ymagynacyon the kynge of Hungry, 
 and the Christen men are gadered to thentent to do some great enterprice. His thre 
 bretherne agreed to his sayeng. On this apoyntment they prepared themselfe to 
 departe. 
 
 So in this season siege was laid before Nicopolye, and Corbodas of Brehappe, and 
 Maladyus his brother, came and entred into Nicopoly, wherof they of the cytie were 
 ryght ioyfull, and Balachyus abode styll at Brehappe to kepe the castell: and Rufyn 
 whan he sawe tyme, be nyght he passed the Christen army, for he knewe well the coun- 
 tre, and passed ouer the brase saynt George," and serched for Lamorabaquy,*" and the 
 same season he was at Quayre,'' with the soudane of Babylone, to haue ayde of men of 
 hym ; Rufyn foude this turke there, and whan kynge Besant'' sawe hym he had mar- 
 ueyle, and thought surely he shulde here some newes out of Turkey. Thaiie he de- 
 maunded what tidynges. Sir, quod Rufyn, all the coutrey desyreth sore to se you 
 there, for y kyng of Hungry with puissaunce hath passed the ryuer of Dunce," and is 
 entred into Turkey, and hath done great domage, and hath brent and assayled a fyue or 
 sixe of your closed townes ; and whan I departed fro Brehappe, he was in purpose to 
 go and leye siege to Nicopoly ; Corbodas and Maladyus my brother, with suche men of 
 warre as they haue, are entred into Nicopoly to helpe to defede the towne, and my 
 brother Balachyus is styll at Brehappe, to kepe the castell there: and sir, of a suretie 
 there is in the company with the kynge of Hungry, the goodlyest armye and best 
 apoynted come out of Fraunce that euer was sene: wherfore, sir, it behoueth you to 
 assemble your boost and frendes, and retourne into Turkey, to cause your enemyes to 
 retourne agayne ouer the ryuer of Duce ;' and ye do it nat with gret puyssauce, it wyll 
 be harde to bring it about. What nombre be they, quod Lamorabaquy.'" Sir, quod he, 
 they be mo than a hundred thousande, and the goodlyest men of the worlde, and best 
 armed, and all on horsbacke. Lamorabaquy'' gaue none answere, but entred into the 
 Soudans chabre, and shewed the Soudane all the hole mater, as his knyght had shewed 
 hym. Than the soudane sayd : we must prouyde for it, ye shall haue men ynowe to 
 resyst the. Nedes we must defede our lawe and our herytage. That is true sir, quod 
 Lamorabaquy.'' 
 
 Nowe my desyres arre come to passe, for I haue alwayes desyred none other thynge, 
 but that the kynge of Hungry with his puissaunce myght ones come ouer the ryuer of 
 Dunce,' and entre into Turkey ; in the begynnynge I wyll sufTre a season, but at the 
 ende they shall paye for the scotte: of all this I hadde knowledge four monethes paste, 
 by my great frende the lorde of Myllayne, who sente me Goshaukes, Gerfaucons, and 
 faucons, to the nombre of xii. whiche were the best and fayrest that euer I sawe, and 
 with this present he wrote to me by name, all the heedes and chiefe capitayns of the 
 barones of Fraunce, suche as shulde come to make me warre ; in the whiche letters was 
 also ccnteyned, that if I myght get them in my daunger, they shulde be worthe to me a 
 myllyon of floreyns ; and also howe there shulde be in their company of the lymytees 
 
 of 
 
 ' The Hellespont. ^ Bajazet. f Armenia. '' Laquaire. * Danube. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 649 
 
 of Fraunce, mo than fyiie hudied knightes, valyaunt men of armes : also the duke of 
 Myllaygne wrote, that surely they wyll iiyue me batayle: wherfore I wyll prepare to 
 mete witli them by arte, aduise, and good ordynaunce, for they are men of great feate 
 and so valiaunt in armes, that they wyll nat flye nor recule ; they are worthy of thanke 
 to issue out of their ovvne nacyon by valyauntnesse to fynde dedes of armes; and I 
 truste to accoplysshe their desyres within thre nionethes, so that they shall haue 
 ynoughe to do. 
 
 To cosydre these wordes, one ought greatly to marueyle that the lorde Galeas, erle 
 of Vertues and duke of Myllayne (who was reputed to be a christen man, baptysed and 
 regenerate alter the Christen lawe) wolde seke or requyre loue or alyaunce with a kynge 
 myscreant, out of our lawe and taythe, or to sende hym gyftes and presentes, as he 
 dyde euery yere, as dogges, haukes, and fyne lynen clothes, whiclie are ryght plesaunt 
 to the Sarazins, for they haue none but that cometh fro our parties: also the great 
 Turke sent to hym agayne other presentes of ryche clothe of golde and precyous stones, 
 wherof the Sararins haue great plentie: but in those dayes the erle of Vertues, duke 
 of Myllayne, and sir Galeas his father, reygned as tyrantes, and so helde their sig- 
 iiories. 
 
 It is marueyle to thynke of their dedes, and fyrste howe they entred and opteygned 
 the signorie of Myllayne : so it was there were thre bretherne, the lorde Manfres," the 
 lorde Galeas, and the lorde Barnabo. They hadde an vncle, who was archebysshoppe 
 of Myllayne; and so it foituned that whan y lorde Charles of Lusenbourge, kyng of 
 Boesme'' and of Almayne," and emperour of Rome, who reigned after kyng Loyes of 
 Bauyer,'' who opteygned to the Empire by force, for he was neuer taken as Emperour 
 by y churche, but excomunycate and acursed by pope Innocent, who reygned as 
 tharie : for this Loyes of Bauyer** went to Rome, and made hymselfe to be crowned 
 emperour by a pope and xii. cardynalles that he made ; and as soone as he was crowned 
 he made the Almayns"^ to be payed their wages, to ouerryn Rome, and to robbe and to 
 pyll it. This was the rewarde that the romayns had for receyuyng of hym, wherfore 
 he dyed excomunicat and in that sentence. The pope and cardynalles that he made, 
 without any constreynt, came after to Auignon, and submytted themselfes to pope 
 Innocent, who reigned before Vrbayne the fyfthe, and there, were assoyled of their 
 errours. 
 
 Nowe to purpose howe the lordes of Myllayne came fyrste to that signorie, I shall 
 shewe you howe. 
 
 So it was, the archebysshoppe of Myllayne at a tyme receyued kynge Charles of 
 Boesme"" emperour into y cytie of Myllayne nobly and tryumphantlye, after the Empe- 
 rour had been before Axe the Chapel!,'' and had accomplysshed there his xl. dayes, 
 accordyng to the vsage in the case parteyning: and for the great chere that he made to 
 the Emperour, and for a hundred thousaude ducates that he lent to the Emperour, he 
 made the bysshop vycoiit of Myllayne, and his nephewes after hym for euer, to holde 
 the lande and signorie of Mylayne free at his wyll, vnto the tyme that the Emperour 
 
 j^>-njui aiiu lui luuc ui uis viicie, was receyueu iniu luc siu^uuucui i.i ^ i.n^ •.._. .>.».. 
 his two bretherne, who as than were nat very riche, the lorde Galeas and the lorde Bar- 
 nabo counsayled toguyder and determyned to reigne, and to holde the landes of Lobardy 
 Vol. II. 4 O bytwene 
 
 • Matthew. '' Bohemia. "= Germany. :" Bavaria. ' Aix-la-chapelk. 
 
650 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 bytwene the, and to coioyne the by mariage to some great lordes to maynteyne their 
 estates, and to cause men to feare their displeasures ; and so they caused their brother 
 MalVese" to be slayne by venynie or otherwyse, after whose dethe they reygned puis- 
 sauntlv by force and polycy ; all their dayes they lyued in good accorde toguyder, and 
 departed the cyties of Lombardy bytwene them. The lorde Galeas hadde tenne, by- 
 cause he was the eldest, and the lorde Bernabo nyne ; and the cytie of Myllayne was 
 gouerned one yere by the one brother and another yere by the other brother: and to 
 the entent to reigne puissauntly, they sought the wayes to gader great rychesse by rays- 
 inge vp in possessyons, subsydies, and gabelles, and many other yuell customes, wherby 
 they gadered great store of golde and syluer: and they caused their townes and cyties 
 to be kepte with soudyours, straungers, as Almaygnes,'' Frechemen, Bretons, Englyssh- 
 men, and of all other nacyons, excepte their owne countreymen, for they hadde no 
 trust nor affiaunce in them, for feare of rebellyon agaynst tlie : and these soudyours 
 Avere payed fro moneth to moneth, wherby they were so douted and fered of the people, 
 that none durste displease them, for if any dyd ryse or dyde any thyng agaynst them, 
 there was cruell vengeaunce taken vpon them : they distroyed many a one in their 
 dayes, to gyue enslple to other. 
 
 In all their signories no man hadde any thynge but atte their pleasure: they wolde 
 tayle a ryche man thre or foure tymes in a yere. They sayd that lobardes were ouer 
 proude and presuptuous in their richesse, wherfore it was behouable to kepe them vnder 
 subiection ; no man durst saye nay to any thyng that they coraaunded. 
 
 These two bretherne maryed them hyghlye, and bought their wyues with the goodes 
 and substaunce of their people. The lorde Galeas hadde to wyfe the suster of the 
 good erle of Sauoye, named Blaunche, and payde to the erle for her a hundred thou- 
 sande ducates. The lorde Barnabo maryed hym in Almaygne'' to the suster of the 
 duke of Bresnyche,' and payde no lesse money than his brother dyd. These two bre- 
 therne hadde many chyldren, and maryed them highly and richelye, to alteyne therby 
 great alyaunces. The lorde Galeas had a sofie called Galleas : and as than the father 
 vnderstode that wha kynge Johan of Fraunce was come out of Englande, and put to 
 rausome to xxx. C thousand frankes, and they of Fraunce wy.st n:it howe to reyse the 
 fyrste payment, thane he treated with the Frenche kynge and his cousayle to haue 
 one of his doughters for Galeas his sonne. The kynge and his cousayle entended to 
 this treatie, bycause they knewe well this lorde Galeas was grounded in richesse, and 
 thus he bought the kynges doughter for sixe hundred thousand frankes, whiche were 
 tourned in payment to the Kynge of Englande ; and so his sonne maryed kynge Johans 
 doughter, and to iiym was gyuen the countie and erldome of Vertues in Champaygne. 
 Of that sonne and doughter issued a doughter, whiche by force of golde and syluer 
 was maryed to the seconde sonne of kynge Charles of Fraunce, called Loyes duke of 
 Orlyaunce, erle of Bloyes and Valoyes. The niaryage cost the erle of Vertus, father 
 to the savde lady, tenne hundred thousande frankes ; and the countie of Bloyes was 
 bought of the erle Guye of Bloyes, as it hath ben conteyned here before in this hys- 
 torie. Thus these lordes, Galeas and Barnabo, acorded right well toguyder all their 
 lyue dayes ; they neuer varyed nor their people toguyder, therfore they reigned in 
 great puissaunce ; no mancoude haue reason nor right of them. Pope, cardynalles, nor 
 other, that made any warre agaynst them, sauyng alonely the marques of Moutferant: 
 and that was by the meanes of the lorde Johan Hacon"* and the Englysshemen with the 
 routes of the companyons, whiche Johan Hacon*^ brought them out of Prouynce into 
 Lombardy, and made there great warre. 
 
 Than 
 
 ' Matthew. "" Germans. ' Brumwick. "* Sir John Hawkvvood, 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 651 
 
 Than at last dyed this lorde Galeas, and after hym reigned his Sonne erle of Ver- 
 tues,- named Galeas, in great puyssauce ; and at the begynnyng of his reigne he gate 
 him great loue in Lombardy, and ordred hymselfe after a goodly maner, and like a 
 wyse man: he put downe all suche yuell customes as his father had reysed in Lobardy; 
 he was so well beloued and of so good renonie, that enery man sayd well of hym ; but 
 at laste whane he sawe his tyme, he spytted out his venyme, whiche he had longe borne 
 in his hert: for he made on a day in y feldes a great busshement, wherby the lorde Ber- 
 nabo his vncle was take, who thought none yuell, nor knewe nat but that he was wel- 
 beloued and in great fauour with his nephue: and at his takyng it was sayd to hym: 
 One lorde is ynough to reygne in Lombardy; he coude haue none other grace, for it 
 laye nat in hym as thaiie to make resystence : so he was ledde to a castell, and there his 
 nephue caused hym to dye, but in what maner I can nat shewe you. This sir Bernabo 
 had two fayre chyldren, of whom the Frenche quene was doughter to one of his dough- 
 ters, whiche was wedded to "he duke of Ostrenaunt of Bauyere.^ This Galeas putte in 
 prisone all his vncles chyldren, suche as he coulde gette, and tooke possessyon of all 
 his vncles seignories, and ioyned the to his owne, and so reigned in great puyssaunce 
 and richesse: for he reysed vp suche maters, wherby he gathered toguyder great ry- 
 chesse, as imposycions, gabels, subsydies, dysmes, and all other extorcyons, wherby he 
 was moche more dreed than beloued. He helde the errour and opynyon of his Father 
 (that was) howe one shulde nother honoure nor worshyppe god: he tooke fro abbeyes 
 and priories moche of their reuenewes, and toke them to hymselfe : he sayd the monkes 
 were to delyciously norisshed with good wynes and delycious metes ; by whiche super- 
 fluyteis (he sayd] they coude nat ryse at mydnight, nor do their seruyce as they shulde 
 do: he sayde, saynt Benet helde nat the order of his relyglon after that maner; and so 
 (he said) he wolde make them to lyue with egges and small wyne, to clere their voyces 
 to syng the higher. These lordes in their dayes lyued lyke popes ; they dyde great 
 dispytes in their tyme to men of holy churche ; they sette nothyng by the popes curse, 
 and specially after y cisme began, and that there was two popes ; that the one cursed, 
 the other assoyled. The lordes of myllayne dyde but mocke at their doynges, and so 
 dyd many other lordes through y worlde. The doughter of this lorde Galeas, duke of 
 Myllayne, was duches of Orlyauce, whose condycions were lyke to her fathers and nat 
 to her mothers, who was doughter to kyng Johan of Fraunce; this lady was of high 
 mynde, enuyous and couytous, on the delytes and state of this worlde : gladly she 
 wolde haue sene the duke her husbande to haue attaygned to the crowne of Fraunce, she 
 had nat cared howe : a generall fame and sclaunder ran vpon her, that all the infyrmi- 
 teis the kyng had, whiche no phisycion coude remedye, came all by her sortes and artes : 
 and the chiefe discouerynge of her workes, wherby she was had in great suspecte, was 
 this : 
 
 This duchesse of Orlyaunce, named Valantyne, had a sonne by the duke her hus- 
 bande, a fayre chylde of the age of the Dolphyn, sonne to the kynge. On a tyme these 
 two chyldren were playeng loguyder in the duchesse of Orlyaunce chambre, and so- 
 daynly there was caste downe an apple full of poyson on the pauement, on the same 
 syde y the dolphyn was on, to thentent that he shulde haue taken and eaten it ; but as 
 grace was he, dyd nat, for the duches soiie ran after the apple and toke it, and ete ther- 
 of, wherwith he was poysoned and dyed, nothynge coude saue hym: and suche as 
 hadde Charles the yong dolphyn to kepe, toke hym thens, and he neuer came after in the 
 duches chambre. Of this adueture great brute and murmuracyon ran throughe all the 
 cytie of Parys and in other places. Thus it was sayde by her of all the people, so that 
 
 4 O 2 the 
 
 * Austria and Bavaria. 
 
652 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 the duke her husbande parceyued it well, for brute ranne through Parys, that if her 
 husbande dyde nat putte her awaye out of the kynges courte, they wolde fetche her 
 awaye by force, and cause her to dye : for the people said she wolde enpoyson the kyno- 
 and his chyldren, and that she hadde enchaunted the kyng, for the kyng in all his in- 
 fyrmyteis wolde nat se the quene, nor none other woman, but all onlye this duchesse of 
 Orlyaunce : upon whiche sayeng, and for doute therof, her husbade had her awaye, 
 and put her out of the house of saynt Poule in Parys, and sente her to a castell besyde 
 Parys vpon the waye of Beauoyes, called Asnyers, and there she was keple a longe sea- 
 son, and neuer wente out of the castell ; and at last slie was sent fro thens to Nevvcastell^ 
 on the ryuer of Loyre ; and y duke of Orlyaunce had great displeasure to her, bycause 
 of the adueture of y dethe of his son ; but by reason y he had other chyldren by her, 
 sowhat it brake his displeasure. These tidynges came to Myllayne, and the lorde Ga- 
 leas was enfourmed hovve his doughter was in trouble and in great daunger, wherof he 
 was sore displeased with the Frenche kyng and his counsayle. Than he sent a suffy- 
 cient messanger, as sir Jaquemont of Weryne** and other, to Parys toy kyng and his 
 counsayle, in excusyng his doughter, sayeng, that if any persone wolde accuse her of 
 trayson, he shulde be fought withall at vlterauce in that quarell. Whan these messan- 
 gers cae to Parys, the kynge was in good helth, but he tcoke no hede of those messan- 
 gers, nor of their excuse ; and so they were shortely aunswered nothyng to their plea- 
 sure : so they retourned into Lombardy, and declared to the duke of Myllayne all that 
 they had sene and done. Than the duke was in gretter displeasure than he was before, 
 and reputed it a great iniury, and than sent his defyaunce to the Frenche kynge, and to 
 all the hole realme of Fraunce ; and whan his defyaunces were brought to Parys, the 
 lordes and knightes with the Frenche armye were as than in Hugry, and entred into 
 Turkey ; and for y dispyte and hate that the duke of Myllayne had to the Frenche kynge 
 and to some of his counsayle, therfore he helde in arayte and alyaunce the great Turke, 
 and shewed hym of the secretes of Frauce. 
 
 Nowe we shall leaue spekynge of the duke, and speke of the great Turke and 
 of the barons of Fraunce, and of other Christen knyghtes, that were as than in 
 Turkey. 
 
 Howe the great turke desyred the soudan, and maiiT/ other kynges sarazyns, to ayde 
 hym with nienne of wane, to resyst agaynst the christen men ; and howe many valy- 
 ant sarazyns came to hym ont of farre countreis. 
 
 CAP. CCXI." 
 
 IT was nat longe after but that the great Turke departed fro Q^uayre'' fro the Soudan, 
 who promysed to sende hym shortely great ayde of the best men of armes of all his sig- 
 nories, to resyst agaynst the puissaunce of tlie kynge of Hungry.and the Frechemen : 
 and the great turke sente into all realmes and countreis, wheie as he thought to haue 
 any ayde and socour: for he consydred and sayd, that if the Frenchemen conquered 
 Turkey, all other realmes adioyning shulde trimble for feare of them, and therby their 
 faylhe and beleue shulde decaye, and become vnder the subiection of the Christen men, 
 whiche they had rather dye : and thus at the desyres of the Soudan and the great turke, 
 many kynges sarazyns enclyned vnto their desyres, as in Perce, in Mede,' and in 
 
 Trace, 
 
 • Neufchitel. '' De la Berme. * Chapter CCVII. "> Cairo. ' Persia and Media. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 653 
 
 Trace," and also out of the Septentryon, and out of the realme of Lecto, and to the 
 boundes of Pruce -^ and for asmoch as they were enformed thai their enemyes the Chris- 
 ten men were flour of chiualry, these kynges sarazins and other lordes of tlieir lawe 
 dyde chuse out among the the best traueylynge and experle men of arnics in all their 
 countreis. This assembly coude nat be sodaynly done, nor their puruyaunces so soone 
 done. The great Turke set hymsclfe forwardes into the felde, alwayes abyding for his 
 people that came to hym fro farre coutreis, and specially out of Tartary, Mede, and 
 Perce." There assembled many valyant sarazins out of ail countreis ; they were desyr- 
 ous to proue their strengthes agaynst the Christen men. 
 
 Nowe lette vs speke of the christen men beyng before Nicopolye. 
 
 Hotye the lorde of Coucy and other lordes of (he christemen, about a v. hundred speares, 
 discojited a fyjlene ihoiisande turkes, duryng the siege before Micopoly. 
 
 CAP. CCXII." 
 
 THEY that were besiege within the strong towne of Nycopolye defended themselfe 
 right valyantly ; howbeit, they were sore abasshed that they herde no tydinges fro the 
 great turke. The Emperour of Constantyne the noble had written vnto the that he was 
 in the parties of Alexandre, and was nat as than passed y brase saynt George f so the 
 crysten men helde their syege styll before Nycopoly : they had vytayles plentye and 
 good chepe, that came out of Hungery and other marches nere adioynynge : and on a 
 day the lorde Coucy and other frenchemen tooke pleasure to ryde forthe at aduenture 
 to go se the countrey further in : so tliey departed fro the siege about the nombre of 
 fyue hundred speares and as many crosbowes and archers, all horsemen. The lorde 
 Coucy was capytayne of that iourney, and the lorde Raynolde of Roye, and the lorde 
 of saynt Pye in his company, and the Chateleyne of Beauoyre, the lorde of Mount 
 Caurell, and the Bourge of Mountquell, with dyuers other; and they had guydes with 
 the suche as knewe the countrey, and they had certayne foreryders well mounted to 
 discouer the coutrey before them. The same weke there was an armye of the turkes 
 assembled togyther to the nombre of twenty thousande men, for they were enfourmed 
 howe the chrysten men were abrode dystroyenge their countrey; in resystence therof, 
 they assembled togyder and came to a strayte whiche the crysten men must passe, and 
 they wolde entre into the playne of Turkey, and they coude nat well entre no waye ; 
 and there the turkes taryed a two dayes and coude here no tydynges of the crysten 
 menne, and so the thyrde daye they thought to haue retourned. Than the crysten 
 mennes foreryders came to Brechault, nere where the turkes were; and whan the 
 turkes saw them aproche they stode styll close togyther, to se the dealynge of the ens- 
 ten men, and made no token nor sygne to skrymysshe with them. These crysten men 
 aproched nere to the turkes, and sawe well they were a great nombre, and yet they 
 coulde nat aduyse them all ; and whan they had well auewed them they reculed backe, 
 and came to the lorde Coucy, and shewed hym what they had sene ; of whiche newes y 
 crysten men were ryght ioyfull, and the lorde of Coucy said : It is mete that we go and 
 se theym more nerer: sythe we be come so farre forwarde, we shall nat departe without 
 fyghtynge with them ; if we shulde, it shall be to our blame and great rebuke. That is 
 true, quod all the other knyghtes that herde hym. Than euery man prepared hymselfe 
 
 and 
 
 • Denys Sauvage and Mr. Johnes call this Tartary. 
 
 '' Prussia. ' Persia. 
 
 f Chapter CCVIII. ' The Hellespont. 
 
654 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 and Iiis horse and rode towarde the place where the turkes were ; and bytwene them 
 and the turkes there was a lytell wode: whan the crysten men came to the wode syde, 
 the lorde of Coucy said to the lorde Raynolde of Roy, and to the lorde of saynt Pye : 
 Syrs, myne aduyse is, (to the entent to drawe the turkes out of their stregth), that ye 
 two shall take two' hundred of our speares, and I with the rest wyll abyde here in this 
 wode : and ryde ye so nere them that ye may cause them to come out, and than retourne 
 you, and suffre them to chase you tyll ye be paste vs in this wode, and than sodaynly 
 tourne vpon them, and we shall close theym in behynde, and so we shall haue them at 
 our wyll. To this aduyse all the knightes enclyned. Than two* hundred of them that 
 were best horsed rode forthe, and the rest, who were an eyght hundred, enbusshed 
 themselfe couertly in the wode, and there taryed. The other rode forthe, and came to 
 the place where the turkes were : whan they sawe the crysten men come, they were 
 ryght ioyouse, wenynge there had been no mo, and so came out of their holdes into 
 the playne feldes ; and whan the crysten men sawe tyme they turned and fled, and made 
 the turkes to chase them : they were so well horsed, y the turkes coulde nat ouertake 
 them, and they chased so longe that they passed the wode Avhere as the enbusshement 
 was. Whan the turkes were passed the crysten men issued out, and cryed : our lady 
 be with the lorde of Coucy: and so dasshed in behynde them and made great occision. 
 The turkes helde them close togyther, whan they sawe how they were beset before and 
 behynde, and dyd put themselfe to defence as well as they myght, but they kept none 
 ordre, for they were nat ware of the reregarde : and whan they sawe themselfe so so- 
 daynly sette on they were abasshed. The Frenchemen dyd quyte themselfe lyke valy- 
 aunte men of armes, and slewe the turkes at their pleasure in their flyenge : there were 
 many slayne, the chrysten men toke none to mercy ; happy were they that coulde escape 
 and retourne fro thens as they came. And than the cristen men that had done that 
 dede retourned to their boost before Nycopoly. Than tydynges ran ouer all the boost, 
 howe the lorde of Coucy by his wysdome and valyauntnesse had dyscomfyted mo than 
 XV. thousande turkes. Many spake well therof, but the erle of Ewe praysed nothing 
 his dede, sayenge howe it was doone but by pride, and howe that he had put the 
 crysten men (and specyally his bande) in great aduenture and parell, sayenge, that with 
 an handefull of men be fought folysshely with the route of twenty thousande turkes ; 
 he shulde rather (seynge he was in wyl to do dedes of armes, and that the turkes were 
 on the felde) haue gyuen knowlege before he assayled his enemyes, to his bed capitayne 
 the lorde Johan of Burgoyne, that he myght haue had the renome and honour of that 
 enterprise. Besemynge, the erle of Ewe spake those wordes by enuy that he had to the 
 lorde of Coucy, for all that voyage he had no loue to him, bycause he sawe how the 
 lorde of Coucy had the loue and fauour of ail his company and of other straugers, 
 whiche he deserued ryght well to haue, for he was ryght nere of the frenche kynges 
 blode, and bare in his armes floure de lyces, and also he was costable of Fraunce. Thus 
 there engendred a great hate and yuell wyll couertly bytwene the erle of Ewe and the 
 lorde Coucy, whiche hatred at last apered clerely, wherby great myschefe fell the same 
 seasone vpon the crysten men, as ye shall here after. 
 
 Nowe we shall leaue to speke any more at this tyrae of this mater, and retourne to 
 speke of the Kynges of Englande and of Fraunce. 
 
 * One hundred. 
 
 Hoiue 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 655 
 
 Howe the peace hylwen Englande and France contynued; and of the maryage of the 
 kynge of Englande tvilh the doughtci of Fiaunce. 
 
 CAP. CCXIII.^ 
 
 YE haue herde here before of the mariage of the french kynges doughter Avith the 
 kynge of Enghinde, the whiche tyme aproched nere, and bothe parties well wyllynge, 
 excepteduke Thomas of Gloucestre ; he was nothynge ioyfull ihcrof, for he sawe well 
 that by that maryage there shulde be great confyderacyons and aiyaunces bytwene the 
 two kynges and their realmes to lyue in peace, whiche he was lothe to se, for he desyred 
 rather to haue warre. The same season the duke had aboute hym a knyght called syr 
 Jolian Baquegay, a secrete man, and he set alwayes y duke to haue warre. The same 
 seasone also the duke of Guerles"" came into Englande to se the kynge and his vncles, 
 and offred hymselfe to do any lawfull seruyce to the kynge that he myght do ; he was 
 bounde therto by faythe and homage, and he wolde gladly that the kynge shulde haue 
 had warre rather than peace. This duke and the duke of Lancastre had great comuny- 
 cacyon togyder of the voyage that the erle of Haynalt and the erle of Oslreuaunt his 
 Sonne wolde make intoFrese.' The same tyme Fyerebrase of Vertayne was in Englande, 
 sente thyder fro the erle of Ostreuant to gette men of armes and archers to go in that 
 voyage to Frese.'= The erle of Derby was desyred to go in that voyage, in aydinge of 
 his cosyns of Heynalt. The gentle erle hadde therto good affectyon, and sayde howe 
 he -wolde ryght gladly go in that voyage, so that it pleased the kynge and his father. 
 Whan the duke of Guerles'' came fyrst into Englande, the Duke of Lancastre demaunded 
 of him what he thought of that voyage into Frese.' He aunswered and sayd, that it 
 was a parylous voyage, and y Frese'' was a countrey nat lyghtly to be wonne, sayenge: 
 howe in tymes past "there had been dyuers erles of Holande and Heynalte that haue 
 claymed their right there, and gone thyder to haue put them in subiectyon , but they 
 haue always loste their lyues there, affyrmynge howe the fresons are people without 
 honour, and haue no mercy ; they prayse nor loue no lorde in the worlde, they be so 
 proude ; and also their countrey is stronge, for they be enuyroned with the see, and 
 closed in with isles, rockes, and marysshes, no man can tell howe to gouerne them but 
 themselfe. I haue ben desyred to go in that voyage, but I vvyll nat, and I counsayle 
 my cosyn your sonne the erle of Derby nat to entre into that voyage ; it is no iourney 
 for hym. I thynke my fayre brother of Ostreuant wyll go, for he hath great desyre 
 therto, and wyll haue a bande of haynowayes with hym; it shall be an aduenture if 
 euer they retourne: whiche wordes caused the Duke of Lancastre to thynke that his 
 Sonne shulde nat go in y voyage, and so shewed his sonne his entente, and badde hym 
 delaye that mater, for the kyng nor he wolde nat that he shulde go. Thus the duke of 
 Queries'* dyd lette the ayde that the erle of Haynalte shulde haue had of the erle of 
 Derby. Many thought it was nat well counsayled, nor yet for none of their honours. 
 Theduke of Guerles" all his lyfe naturally was enuyous, presumptuous, and proude ; 
 yet for all that Fierebrase of Vertayne lette nat his sute to gette ayde, and dyd so his 
 dyligence that he gate knightes and squyers and a two hundred archers : but the erle of 
 Derby excused himselfe, whiche excuse he was fayne to take in gree, and sawe well 
 that his wyll was good to go, if the kynge and his hither had nat been. Than the 
 kynge, for the auauncement of his cosyns of Haynalte, made to be ordeyned in the 
 
 ryuer 
 
 ! Chapter CCIX. !* Gueldres. ' FriezlanJ. 
 
C56 THE CRONYGLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 ryuer ofThamyse vessclles and shyppes for the men that shulde go in that voya2;e of 
 Frese,' to aryue at Eiicuse,'' a tonne in tlie countie of Haynalt, at the entre into Ho- 
 lande. This towne standeth on the see, within twelue leages by water of the realme of 
 
 Frese. ^ 
 
 The same season was sente into Englande fro the frenche kynge, the erle Valeran to 
 saynt Powle, with certayne artycles concernynge the treatie of the peace, and with him 
 Avas sent Robert the Hermyte, whome tlie kynge of Englande was gladde to here speke. 
 The erle of saint Powle founde the kynge of Englande and his bretherne, the erles of 
 Brenne'^ and of Hnntyngdon, and the duke of Lancastre, the kynges vncle, at the ma- 
 nour of Eltham. The kynge receyued him ioyously, and herde well his message, and 
 sayd to hym aparte : Fayre brother of saynt Powle, as to the treatie of peace bytwene 
 me and my fayre father of Fraunce, I am right well enclyned tlierto, but I all alone 
 canne nat promote that mater. True it is my bretherne and my two vncles of Lacasti e 
 and yorke enclyne ryght well therto ; but 1 haue another vncle, the dukeof Gloucestre, 
 who is I'yght paryllous and a marueylous man, he letteth it as moche as he can, and 
 dothe what he canne to drawe the Londoners to his opynyon, I feare me to make a re- 
 bellyon in my realme, and that he shulde reyse the people agaynst me, whiche is a great 
 paryll, for if the people of Englande ryse agayne agaynst me, and haue myne vncle of 
 Gloucestre on their parte, and suche other barones and knyghtes of the realme as be of 
 his opynion, my realme were loste without remedy, for myne vncle of Gloucestre is so 
 secrete that no man canne knowe his mynde. Syr, quod the erle of saint Powle, it be- 
 houeth you to wynne hym with fayre, swete, and louynge wordes, and gyue hym great 
 gyftes ; if he demaunde any thyng, graunt it him : this is the way wherby ye shall wynne 
 him ; ye must flatter hym tyll the peace be made, and that ye haue your wyfe 
 brought hyther to you, and that doone than ye maye take other counsayle; ye shall 
 be than of the puyssaunce to oppresse all your rebelles, for the frenche kynge, if 
 nede be, shall ayde you; of this ye maye be sure. In the name of god, ye saye well, 
 and thus shall I do. 
 
 The erle of saynt Powle was lodged at London, and oftentymes went to Eltham to 
 se the kynge and the duke of Lancastre, and had oftentymes comunycacion on this 
 maryage. Tlierle of saint Poule sayde howe the frenche kynge shulde come to saynt 
 Omers and his vncles, and bring with hym his doughter, so that the kynge of Englande 
 wolde come to Galais ; and so bytwene saynte Omers and Calays the two kynges shulde 
 mete and speke togyther, wherby by reason of syght and speakynge togyther shulde 
 encrease loue and amyte ; and there these two kinges and their vncles shulde speke 
 togyder without any other companye on the forme of the peace ; and if tliey conclude 
 nat on some peace, yet at leste the trewce myght be relonged to endure for thyrty or 
 xl. yere bvtwene the two realmes and their alies. This deuyse semed right good to the 
 Icyng and to his counsayle, and hervpon the kynge and other lordes sente to Galays to 
 make prouysyon, and the kynge desyred his vncle the duke of Gloucestre to go with 
 hym in that iourney, and the duches his wyfe and his chyldren, and in lyke wyse the 
 Dukes and duchesses of yorke and Lancastre ; and so whan euery thynge was redy, the 
 kynge and the erle of saynt Powle departed fro Eltham and rode tovvardes Caunterbury, 
 and after them folowed all other lordes, suche as shulde go in this voyage, and suche as 
 had been desyred. The erle of saynt Powle passed the see fyrst, to the entent to aduer- 
 tyse the Frenche kynge, and so passed to Boloyne and so to Paris, and there declared 
 to the frenche kynge and to his vncles howe he had spedde; wherwith they were well 
 
 content, 
 
 " Friezland. ^ Enckhuysen? f Kent. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 657 
 
 content, and so departed fro Paris, and lytell and lytell aproched to the cytie of 
 Aniyence, and the kynge of Englande and his vncles came to Calais, with many lordes 
 and ladyes ; and the duke of Burgoyne, one of the frenche kynges vncles, came to saynt 
 Omers ; and by the mcanes of the Erie of saynt Powle and Robert the hermyte, the 
 duke of Burgoyne came to Calays, to se the kynge of Englande and his vncles, where 
 he was nobly receyued, and there they cousayled togyther on certayne artycles of the 
 peace, wherto the kynge of Englande lyghtly enclyned ; and, for to say trouth, he 
 cared nat what he dyd, so he myght haue his wyfe. 
 
 Whan the duke of Burgoyne had ben at Calais two dayes, and had comuned with the 
 kyno-e of Englande on the artycles of the peace, the kynge sayd howe he wolde sende 
 all the processe of the artycles ouer the see into Englande, to be shewed and declared 
 there to the people: for he sayde that nouther he nor all the lordes that were there of 
 Englande coulde nat conclude fermely on no peace, without the generall consentmenf 
 of the people of Englande ; and moreouer the kynge sayde howe that he must fyrst 
 go ouer agayne hymselfe, and so retourne, and therby make but one iourney. That is 
 well said, quod the duke of Burgoyne, for than at youre retourne euery thynge shall 
 be concluded and perfounned. Thus the duke of Burgoyne and the erle of saynt 
 Powle departed fro Calays, and retourned to saynt Omers, and fro thens to Amyence, 
 where they foude the kyng and the quene, and their doughter, who shulde be queue of 
 Englande : the same tym'e there was the dukes of Bretaygne and of Berrey in great 
 araye : and the kynge of Englande and his vncles and other lordes retourned into Eng- 
 lande, and their wyues taryed styll at Calays tyll their retourne. 
 
 In this meane season the voyage was made into Frese^ by them of Haynalte : fyrst, the 
 crle of Heynalte, Holande, and of zelande, and his sonne the erle of Ostreuaunt, as ye 
 shall here after in this hystorie. 
 
 Hoyye the erle of Heynalt and the erle of Ostreuante his sonne made a great army of 
 men of armes, knyghtes and squyers, to go into Frese.' 
 
 CAP. CCXIIII." 
 
 YE haue herde here before howe duke Auberte of Bauyer,' and Guylliam his sonne, 
 erle of Ostreuant, had gret desyre to go into Frese' to conquere that countrey, wherof 
 the sayde duke Aubert, by ryght succession of herytage, shulde be erle and lorde therof : 
 and toauaunce the same iourney, the erle of Ostreuant had sent Fyerebrace of Vertayne 
 to haue some ayde of the englysshemen, who spedde hym so well that kynge Rycharde of 
 Englande, for the honour of his cosyns, sent certayne men of armes with two hundred 
 archers, vnder the guydyng of ihre gentlemen: one called Cornewayle, another Col le- 
 uyll, knyghtes, the thyrde a squyer, I knowe nat his name, but I was well enfourmed 
 that he was a valyaunt man of armes ; he hadde his chynne cutte of in a Iray a lytell be- 
 fore, and he had a chynne made of syluer, tyed aboute his heed with a lase of sylke. 
 These englysshmen came to Encuse"* at their tyme prefyxed. This duke Auberte and 
 his sonne had a valyaunt man of their cousayle, called Gylliam of Croenbourge, who 
 greatly exorted theym to the warre, for he hated greatly the fresones, and had doone 
 them many dyspyghtes, and dyd after, as ye shall here: thus the duke Aubert departed 
 fro the Haye' in Holande with Gyllyam his sonne, erle of Ostreuant, and so came into 
 
 Vol. 11. 4 P his 
 
 • Friezland. " Chapter CCX. ' Bavaria. "" Enckbuysen. ' The Hague. 
 
658 THE GRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 his countrey of Haynalte, to the towne of Mons: and there he assembled togyther the 
 thre estates of the countrey, and there shewed vnto them the great desyre that he had 
 to go into Frese/ and the rightful! occasion that he had so to do : and caused there to be 
 openly shewed certayne letters patentes apostolykes and imperyalles ryght noble and 
 autentyke, sealed vnder ieade lyole and entre,'' by the whiche apered euydently the 
 ryght and tytell that he had to y signory of Frese :" and than he sayd openly: Lordes 
 and valyaunt men my subgettes, ye knowe well that euery man ought to kepe and de- 
 fede his herytage, and that a man may laufully moue warr to recouer his lande and 
 herytage ; ye knowe also y IVesons ought by right to be our subgiettes, and they be ino- 
 bedyentand rebell agaynst vs and our sygnory, as people without lawe or faythe ; and 
 therfore good and dere frendes, ye know well that without your ayde, bothe with 
 bodyes and goodes, we canne nat fournysshe to bringe to execusyon so hygh an enter- 
 prise : wherfore we desyre you in this busynesse to ayde vs, that is to say, with money 
 and with men of warre, to the entent that these inobedyent fresons maye be subdued and 
 brought to obedyence. These wordes, or suche lyke, spoken by the duke, the thre 
 estates by a comune acorde grauted their lordes petycyon and request, lyke suche people 
 as greatly desyred and alwayes had done to do obedyent seruyce and pleasure to their 
 lorde and prince : and as 1 was enfourmed, they caused him to haue in redy money 
 niountante to the some of thyrty thousande pounde, besyde the towne of Valencenes, 
 who in lyke wyse dyd their deuoyre, and also in the towne of Mons. These thynges 
 thus concluded, the valyaunt princes, the good duke Auberte and Giullyam his sonne, 
 erle of Ostreuant, seynge the good wylles of his men, was ryght ioyfull, whiche was no 
 meruayle, for he sawe well that he was well beloued with his subgiettes, and shulde be 
 well fournysshed with money. Than he had cousayle to sende to the frenche kyng, 
 and to shevve him the enterprise of his voyage, and to desyre ayde of hym : and thyder 
 was sent two valyaunt and wyse men, that is to saye, the lorde Lygne and the lorde of 
 Jeumont, who were two ryght valyaunt knyghtes, and well beloued with the frenche- 
 men, and specyally the lorde Lygne: the kyng had made hym one of his chamberlayns, 
 and had hym in good fauoure ; he spake with the kynge, and shewed hym the dukes, 
 entent and request: to the whiche the kynge and his counsayle fauourably agreed, and 
 specyally the duke of Burgoyne, bycause his doughter was maryed to therle of Ostre- 
 uat, wherby he thought that in tyme to come after it shulde be to their profyte and to 
 their heyres ; howebeit, many great lordes and other spake of this iourney in dyuers 
 nianers : some sayd, to what purpose dothe these haynowayes desyre the kyng ol ayde, 
 they haue ben in Englande and sought for ayde there ? hath nat the erle of Haynalte of 
 late taken on hym the blewe garter to tye his legge withall, which is y ordre in Eng- 
 lande ? it semyth therby he hath no great affectyon to Fraunce. Than other that were 
 ryght wyse answered and sayd : Syr, ye do wronge to say thus ; though the erle of 
 Ostreuant haue taken the ordre of the garter, yet for all that he is nat alyed with the 
 englysshemen, but he is fermly alyed with Fraunce: hath nat he in maryage die lady 
 Katheryne, doughter to the duke of Burgoyne, whiche is a farre greater alyauce than 
 is a garter? therfore neuer say but that he wyll loue and do pleasure to Fraunce, by 
 reason of his maryage, rather than to Englande for y garter; wherfore the kinge shall 
 do right honourably to ayde hym. Thus the frenchemen deuysed amonge themselfe, 
 and spake in dyuers maners both of that iourney and also of the iourney into Hungery 
 and into Turkey, agaynst Lamorabaquy" and the turkes. 
 
 Friezland. '' Whole and entire. ' Bajazel. 
 
 0/ 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 659 
 
 Of the army that the french kyng sente into Frese' in the ayde of his cosyns, and ttie 
 lorde Valeran Erie of saynt Porvle and the lorde Charles de la Brete^ were capy- 
 taynes. 
 
 CAP. CCXV.= 
 
 THE frenche kynge assembled an armye of fyue hudred speares, as well of py- 
 cardes as of frenchmen, and made capytayns ouer the, the lorde Valeran, erle of saynt 
 Powle, and the lorde Charles de la Bret," who were valyaut knyghtes and well expert 
 in armes: and they were apoynted to leade this company to the towne of Encuse" in base 
 Frese, wher as the assemble shulde mete, and there to take the see to entre into high 
 Frese' (as they dyd.) Whan these two knyghtes, the lorde Lygne and Jumont, sawe the 
 kynges good wyll, and that these men oY warre were dyspatched and their wages 
 payed, they came to the kynge and thanked him, and toke their leaue and retourned 
 into Heynalt to their lorde the duke Aubert and to the lorde Gillyam his sonne, to 
 Avhome they were right welcome, for they had well sped : there they shewed the good 
 answere and good chere that they had with gyftes of great presentes. Whan duke 
 Auberle knewe that the Frenche kynge had sente hym fyue hundred speares, than he 
 assembled all his noble men, knyghtes, squyers, and other of Haynalt, as the lorde of 
 Vertayne, seneschall of Haynalte, who was a valyaunt man and greatly renomed in 
 armes, the lordes of Lygne and Gomygynes, who was made marshall, and the lordes of 
 Haureth, of Nychelet, of Lalayne, ofHordayne, of Chyne, ofCautan, of Q^uesnoy, 
 of Fleron, and John his brother, the lordes of Bouset and of Jeumont, who were 
 fresshe knightes on their enemyes ; also there was Robert le Roux, and the lordes of 
 Mothiaulx, of Foutayns, of Seuls, and of Sars, William of Hermes, Pynchart his 
 brother, the lordes of Lens, of verlamont, ofAnsealx, of Traseigmes,' Octes Seausmes, 
 Gyrarde his brother, the lorde Dyctre, and Johan his brother, Bridaulx of Montaguy, 
 Damaulx de la powle, and Guy his brother, the lorde of Mastynge, syr Floridas of Vil- 
 lyers, who was a valyaunt man, and had doone many dedes of armes amonge the turkes 
 and sarazins, and sir Eustace of Vertayn, Fierebras of Vertayne, who was newly come 
 out of Englande, syr Rase of Montigny, the lorde of Rorsyn, sir Johan Dandregines, 
 and Persant his brother, and dyuers other knightes and squiers ; all these assembled at 
 Mons, and desyred them to go with hym, and euery man to bringe with hym company 
 acordynge to their degrees, and that they wolde auaunce them to the towne of Encuse 
 in base frese"* and theraboute, and so to go with hym by see into hyghe Frese' about the 
 myddes of August next after; there he sayd he wolde tary for them, for he wolde go 
 thyder before to moue the holanders and zelanders to serue hym in lyke maner. Than 
 these sayd knyghtes and esquyers of Haynalt, without any contradictyon acorded to his 
 desyre, promysinge to do hym seruyce as his trewe subgiettes, whiche they fulfylled in 
 dede, and dyligently prepared for the same, so that by the begynnyng of the moneth of 
 August, in the yere of our lorde god a thousande thre hundred fourscore and syxtene, 
 they were all redy aparelied and assembled by companies at Anners,' there to take the 
 water, and fro thence to Encuse,'' where the hole assemble shulde mete. 
 
 Nowe whyle this assemble was thus made in Haynalte, it were to be demaunded if the 
 ladyes and gentlewomen and other were ioyouse of this iourney. We ought to say naye, 
 for than they sawe their fathers, their bretherne, their vncles, their husbandes, and their 
 
 4 p 2 louers 
 
 ' Friezland. " D'Albret. ' Chapter CCXI. "^ Enckhuysen, in Lower Friezland. 
 
 •= Trassegines. ' Antwerp. 
 
660 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 louers and frendes departe to y peryllous warre: for some of them knewe well howe that 
 in tyme paste the haynowayes wente with their lorde into Frese,* and neuer retourned 
 aeayne ; wherfore they feared leste it shulde hap so than to these as it dyd on their pre- 
 decessours. The duchesse of Brabant had defended all men in the countrey of Brabant, 
 no man to be so hardy to go oute of the countrey in that iourney. The ladyes and gen- 
 tlewomen of Haynalt desyred often tymes their frendes and louers to leaue that iourney, 
 but they coulde nat lette the mater ; howebeit, they were sore displeased in their myndes 
 with the basterde of Vertayne, Fierebrase, for they said he was one of the chyefe setters 
 on of that busynesse. Thus after that the duke Aubert and Guillyam his sonne had 
 herde the aunswere of his men of Haynalte, than he went into zelande, shewynge 
 them his busynesse; and they assented to his request, by the chiefe settynge on of the 
 lorde de la Vere, and syr Floris de Boesell, Floris Dabell, the lorde of zenembirge, 
 syr Clays de Boysell, Phylyp Corteen, and dyuers other gentlemen ; all these and other 
 made themselfes redy, in suche wyse that it apered well by their dylygence that they 
 had great desyre to auaunce themselfe to that iourney. 
 
 In lyke wyse the duke and his sonne went into Holande and made there lyke re- 
 questes to y iordes and good townes, as they had done in zelande. The holanders 
 were therof ryght ioyouse, for of all men they hated the fresons, for they were euer at 
 •warre togyther, specyally on the see and on the borders of their countrey ; and ther- 
 fore the iordes of Holande, suche as the lorde Darterell, and dyuers other noble men, 
 knyghtes, and squyers, herynge the requestes of their Iordes duke Aubert and the erle 
 of Ostreuant, they offred themselfe, promysynge comforte and ayde to the best of their 
 powers ; and that they well shewed, for incontynent they made them redy, and 
 auaunced forwarde : in lyke wise dyd the men of the good townes and of the countrey. 
 They sent forthe with these Iordes a great nombre of crosbowes and morispykes and other 
 men of warre ; so daylye men assembled at the towne of Encuse," and shyppes and ves- 
 selles came thyder in suche wyse that the maryners were estemed to the nombre of xxx. 
 thousande. It was sayd, that there came out of the towne of Harle^ xii. hiJdred, whiche 
 shyppes were well prouyded of all thynges necessary: and of a trouthe, if the ladyes 
 and other damoselles were soroufuU in Heynalt, in lykewise so were they of Hollande 
 and zelande. Sir Danyell of Marebbed and Guillyam of Cruenbourge they durst nat 
 apere before the ladyes and gentylwomen, for they had sore sette forwarde the busy- 
 nesse, for they hadde great wyll and desyre to be reuenged of the Fresons, bicause of a 
 batayle that hadde been there before, wherin the Erie Wyllyam was pituouslye slayne, 
 and lost xxxiii. cotes of armes of his lynage: wherfore these two knyghtes wolde neuer 
 take any freson to mercy nor rausome. So within a certayne space euery man was come 
 to Encuse.'' Fyrst came the Englysshemen, and than the henous, and their capyten 
 was the seneschall of Jumont and the lorde of Gomegynes, who was marshall ; than 
 came hoUanders and zelanders : the frechemen came nat so soone : so they taryed a xi. 
 dayes for the Frenchemen, in whiche season there fell a debate bytwene the hoUanders 
 and the Englysshemen ; and if the erle of Ostreuant had nat ben, all the Englysshmen 
 had ben slayne ; whiche stryfe was apesed, and than the frenchmen came. Than there 
 was great ioye made, and comaundement gyuen that euery man shulde entre into suche 
 shyppes as they were assygned vnto before, whiche was done ; and whan they were all 
 shypped, they hoysed vp sayles and sayled forthe : the Avether was fayre ; itsemed as it 
 was disposed to do the pleasure. There were so many shippes, that if they had be 
 araynged one after another, they wolde haue stretched fro encuse'' to the boundes of 
 Condren,'^ whiche was in highe Frese," where they purposed to aryue (as they dyde) 
 whiche was xii. leages by water, but they sayled a front right ordinatly, 
 
 Nowe 
 
 ' Friezland. ^ Enckhuysen. ! Harlaem. ' Kuynder.— Jo/in«. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 661 
 
 Nowe wyll we leaue spekyng of them, and speke of the Fresons, who {as I was en- 
 formed), were aduertysed long before of duke Aubertes comyng, with great puyssaunce 
 on them. 
 
 Whan the fresons knewe and vnderstode that they shulde haue warre, all the wyse- 
 men of the countre assebled toguyder, to take coimsayie and aduyse what they shulde 
 do ; whan they had long debated the mater, their entecion was to fyght with their ene- 
 myes, as soone as they myght knowe that they were entred into their countrey, sayeng: 
 howe they had rather dye as fre Fresons, tha to be in seruage vnder any kynge or prince, 
 or vnder subiectyon ; and therfore they sayd, to dye in the quarell they wolde fight with 
 their enemyes ; and concluded amonge themselfes to take no man to raunsome, howe 
 great soeuer he were. Amonge them there was one man farre excedynge in greatnesse 
 aboue all other: he was hygherthan any other man in that countrey by the heed: he was 
 called Juye" Jouer, and some called hym the great Fresone ; this manne was greatly 
 commended in Pruce,'' in Hungery, in Turkey, in Rodes, and in Cypres ; he hadde 
 done many noble feates of armes, so that he was greatlye renomed ; whane he harde the 
 opynions of y Fresons, howe they wolde fight with their enemyes, he aunswered and 
 sayde : 
 
 O, ye noble and free Fresons, knowe for trouthe there is no chaunce but maye 
 tourne; though by your valyantnesse ye haue or this tyme disconfyted y heynowayes, 
 the hallanders, and the Zelanders, knowe for trouthe, that suche as come nowe vpon 
 you, are people more experte in y warre thanne they were before; and beleue verily, 
 they shall do otherwyse than their predecessours dyde ; they wyll nat gyue it vp, they 
 wyll menteyne their dedes : therfore I wyll counsayle you to sufire them to entre, and 
 let vs kepe our forteresses, and lette them kepe the feldes, where they shall beate them- 
 selfes ; our countrey is nat to susteyne the long ; we haue many dykes ; they canne nat 
 go farre in the countrey ; they canne nat ryde abrode in the countrey, and full yuell 
 they maye go afoote, wherby they shal be so werye, that they shall waste theymselfes, 
 and so retourne agayne ; the moost they can do is to brenne a tenne or xii. vyllages, 
 whiche shall natte greatly greue vs ; they shall be soone made agayne if we shulde fight 
 with therh. I feare me we be nat stronge ynough to fyght with them at ones, for as I am 
 enformed they be to the nombre of an hundred thousande armed heedes: whiche was of 
 a trouthe, they were as many or mo. To his wordes consented thre other knightes of 
 the Fresons, the fyrst named sir Fewe of Dorekerque, the seconde sir Gerarde of Ca- 
 nym,' and the thirde sir Tiny of Walturge: but the people wolde in no wyse consente 
 to that deuyse, no more wolde other noble men called the Elyns, that is to saye, the 
 gentylmen or iudges of the causes ; they replyed so with this great freson, that he was 
 cocluded with them, that as soone as they knewe their enemyes entred into their coun- 
 tre, they shulde go and fyght with them : they abode all on that opinyon, and so made 
 themselfe redy. But to saye the trouthe, they were but poorelye armed ; many had no 
 armure but their cootes of wadmoll, and course grose clothe ; some armed with lether, 
 and some with rustye mayle, and some there were ryght well armed. 
 
 Thus they armed theym; and whan they were redy they weute to their churches, 
 and tokey crosses and baners, and made thre batayls, and in euery batayle ten thousande 
 fyghting men, and came to a narowe passage well diked, nere to y place where their 
 enemyes shulde lande: and they sawe well howe their enemyes were come, and had 
 great desyre to take lande, whiche was on saynt Bartylmewes daye on a sonday, in the 
 foresaid yere ; and whan y Fresons sawe the aproche, they issued out vpon the dikes a 
 
 sixe 
 
 ' Ives, '' Prussia. '' Cavin. 
 
662 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 sixe thousande, to haue lette the landynge of their enemyes. Among the fresons ther 
 was a woman apparelled all in blewe, who all in a rage went fro the fresons and came 
 nere to the heynowes, within the shotte of a bowe ; than she tourned her backe towarde 
 y heynowes, and plucked vp her clothes and shewed her bare arse, cryeng in her Ian- 
 gage : syrs, take this to your welcome. As soone as they sawe the leudnesse of this 
 woman, they shot at her arowes and quarels, so that she was stryken in the legges and 
 loynes, the arowes came flyeng at her as thycke as snowe ; than some lepte out of their 
 shippes into the water, and ran after this folysshe woman w their s>verdes and ouertoke 
 her, and hewed her into small paces. Tha euery man issued out of their vessels, and 
 so came agaynst the fresons, who receyued them right valyantly, and putte them of 
 with longe pykes, and longe staues bounde with yron. To saye f trouthe, in takyng of 
 lande there was many dedes of armes done on bothe paMies, and many slayne and sore 
 hurte: but biforce of the Englisshe archers, and crosbowes, of Heynaulte, HoUande, 
 and Zelande, they wanne the dyke agaynst the fresons, and vpon that dyke they araynged 
 their baners in good order, taryeng for their copany ; their renke was more than halfe a 
 myle longe. Than the Fresons that were putte fro the dykes came to their copany, who 
 were mo than xxx. thousande, closed toguyder in a grounde dyked rounde aboute with 
 a great depe dyke, and it was nat so farre of, but they myght well se their enemyes, 
 where they were raynged on the fyrst dyke. Thus they contynued tyll all the hey- 
 nowayes were a lande, and all their baggage, and certayne tentes reyred vp ; there they 
 rested them that sondaye, and the mondaye, aduisynge the Fresons their enemyes, in 
 whiche two dayes dyuers scrymisshes were made, and on the Tuesday bothe parties were 
 redy. Than certayne newe knightes were made, and it was ordayned to fight with the 
 fresons. Than they auaunced forewarde in good order of batayle, and their archers 
 before them and amonge them, and than sowned trumpettes and clarions, and so cae a 
 fayre pase to passe ouer the dike. Than the fresons came to defende the passage, and 
 the archers shotte agaynst them fiersly, and the fresos couered themselfes with targes, 
 and with the erthe of the dyke that was bytwene them and their enemyes ; howebeit, 
 they were so nere aproched that certayne of the holanders entred into the dyke, and 
 made bridges with speres and pykes, and so with valyant corage began to enuade the 
 fresons, who defended their force right valyantly, and gaue suche strokes against them 
 that wolde mout vp out of the dyke, that many were ouerthrowen downe agayne : but 
 the Heynowayes, Frenchemen, Englysshemen, Hollanders, and Zelanders, were so 
 well armed, that the fresons coude do them no domage nor hurt, but cast them downe 
 to the grounde ; there were suche noble dedes done and atchyued, that it were impos- 
 sible to shewe it : the newe made knyghtes dyde nobly their deuoyre, and the Fresons 
 defended marueylously ; they were great and bygge men, but they were yuell armed, 
 many were barelegged and barefoted. In this assaut the lorde Lygne, the seneshall of 
 Heynault, and the lorde Jumont, and dyuers other, as they wente aboute this dyke, 
 they founde a way wherby they passed ouer the dyke, and so came on the fresons with 
 the poyntes of their speres, wherof the Fresons were sore abasshed, so that dyuers of 
 them lepte the dyke ; so perforce the Fresons were fayne to opyn and sparcle abrode 
 here and there. In this batayle the great freson was slayne, and the other began to flye. 
 The chase was horryble and cruell, for none was taken to raiisome, and specially the 
 holanders slewe all they myght attayne vnto, in so moche that suche as Avere taken by 
 the Heynowes, Frenchemen, or Englysshemen, the Hollanders slewe them in their 
 handes. Amonge the hoUanders, the lorde Wyllyam of Cruenbourge and his two 
 sonnes, John and Henry, (who were made knyghtes the same mornyng). acquyted them- 
 selfe marueylously well, and slewe many Fresons, for it semed v^ell by them, that they 
 loued but litell the fresons. Thus finally the Fresons were discofyted, and the moost 
 
 parte 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 663 
 
 parte slayne in the felde, but fewe were takenne prisoners, and caryed to Haye/ in 
 Hollande, and there were keple a long; season after. The lorde of Cundren,'' (who was 
 lorde of that coutrey, where the felde was), was the mondaye before yelden to the duke 
 Aubert and his two sonnes, and yet ibr all that they were in y felde with the fresons; 
 the two sonnes were longe after with y duke. After this disconfyture they entred into 
 the countrey of Condren,'' and toke townes and fortresses ; howebeit, they coquered 
 but lytell, for the Fresons dyde the great domage by preuy encoutrynges ; and whan 
 they shulde take any prisoners, they wolde neuer yelde, but fought to thedethe, sayeng, 
 they had rather dye free Fresons, than to be vnder the subiectyon of any prince or lorde : 
 if any prisoners were taken there coude no raunsome be gotten for them, for their frendes 
 wolde nat quyte them out, but rather suffre them to dye in prisone; they wolde neuer 
 quyte none of their people, withoute it were to delyuer man for man ; and if they sawe 
 that there were none of their people in prisone, they wolde slee all their enemyes, and 
 take no prisoner. Thus about the ende of v. wekes, and that the heynous and other had 
 taken and beaten downe certayne townes, vyllages, and fortresses, of no great valure. 
 The season beganne to waxe colde marueylously, and rayned nere hade euery day, ad 
 the sees full of tempestes and wyndes. The duke Aubert and his sonne, consydringe 
 the season, purposed to returne into base Frese,' fro whens they came, and so into 
 Hollande, the more easy to passe the colde wynter : so they departed and came to 
 Encuyse,** and there gaue lycence to euery man to departe, and specially to the straugers, 
 and payde the truely their wages, and thaked them of their good ayde and seruyce. 
 Thus brake vp the iourney of Frese,"^ and had coquered but lytell all that season. But 
 within two yere after, the sayd two noble princes assembled agayn the seconde tyme a 
 great armye, and wente into Frese,' and made a great coquest, and dyd there many 
 noble dedes of armes, as ye shall here after. But as nowe we shall leaue spekyng 
 therof, and declare y maner of the maryage of the kynge of Englande to the doughter of 
 Fraunce. 
 
 Howe the mariage of the kyng of Englande to the doughter of Frace was ordred, 
 and hoive the French'' kyng delyuered his doughter to the kj/nge of Etiglande in 
 his tente bytwene Arde^ and Calys. 
 
 CAP. CCXVI.' 
 
 YE haue herde howe the kyng of Englande Avas returned fro Calis into Englande, 
 and there was tyll Michelmas that the parlyament at Westmynster shulde begyn. And 
 in the meane season great prouision was made at Calais and at Guysnes, for the kynge 
 and for other lordes sent fro the portes of Englande on that cost, and great prouisyon 
 was had out of Flaunders, all came by see to Calais. In lykewise for the Frenche kyng, 
 and for his brother, the duke of Orlyaunce, and his vncles, and other prelates and 
 lordes of Fraunce, great prouisyon was made at saynt Omers, at Ayre, at Tyrwyn,^ at 
 Arde,' at Mountoyre, and at all other houses and abbeyes there about; there was no- 
 thynge spared on bothe parties, and specially the abbey of saynte Bertyne was well re- 
 plenysshed of all thynges to receyue these kynges. This parlyament at Westmynster 
 began at Mychelmas, and it was ordeyned to endure xl. dayes, but it was abridged, for 
 
 the 
 
 * The Hague. ^ Kuynder. "= Lower Friezland. ^ Enkhuysen. 
 
 ' Ardres. ' Chapter CCXII. » Terouenne. 
 
664 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 the king wolde nat tary there but v. dayes, wherin he declared the thynges most neces- 
 sary parteyning to the realme, and specially that mater that touched hymselfe, and the 
 cause why he cae fro Calais. That done he retourned towardes Calais agayne, and 
 with hym his two vncles of Lancastre, and Gloucestre, and other prelates and lordes of 
 Englande, suche as were comaunded to go with him ; they spedde them so in their iour- 
 ney that they came agayne to Calays : the duke of Yorke taryed styll in Englande, and 
 the erle of Derby, to gouerne the realme in the kynges absence. Whan the kyng of 
 Englande was thus returned to Calais, the lordes of Fraunce beyng in Picardy, were 
 aduertised therof. Than the duke of Burgoyn, and the duchesse his wyfe, came to 
 saynt Omers, and were lodged in the abbey of saynt Bertyne. As sone as the freche 
 kyng knewe that the kynge of Englande was come agayne to Calais, he sente to hym 
 therle of saynt Poule, to shewe hym what order was taken in Fraunce, concernyng his 
 maryage, whiche the kynge of Englande was gladde to here. Thane the duke of Lan- 
 castre, and his sonne Beauforde of Lancastre, the duke of Gloucester, and Affren" his 
 Sonne, the erle of Rutlande, the erle marshall, erle of Huntyngton, the kynges cham- 
 berleyne, and many other lordes, knyghtes, squyers, and ladyes, rode with the Erie of 
 saynt Poule to saynt Omers, where they were well receyued of the duke of Burgoyne, 
 and of the duchesse : and thyder came the duke of Bretaigne, and had lefte the Frenche 
 kynge at Ayre, and his doughter with hym. 
 
 Ye maye well knowe all the chere y coude be deuysed was made to the Englysshe 
 lordes and ladyes, and other at saynt Omers, and the duchesse of Burgoyne made them 
 agreatdyner; there was the duchesse of Lacastre, and her sonne and two doughters ; 
 there was great gyftes gyuen of plate of golde and syluer, nothynge was spared, in so 
 moche that the Englysshemen hadde marueyle therof, and specially the duke of Glo- 
 cestre, and sayd to his cousayle: I se well there is great rychesse in the realme of 
 Fraunce. There was moche gyuen to hym, to the entente to abate and to molyfie his ran- 
 cour that he hadde agaynste Fraunce : the lordes of Fraunce knewe well that he was al- 
 wayes harde to agre to the peace, wherfore they shewed hym as moche token of loue 
 and honour as they coude do; he toke euer all their gyftes, but alwayes the rancour 
 abode styll in his hert; for all that euer the Frenchemen coulde do, they coulde nat 
 molifye his fell stomake, for always he made herde answers as they treated for any peace. 
 The Frenchemen be subtyle, yet for all that they coude gette no hold of hym, for his 
 Tvordes and aunswers were alwayes so couert, that they wyst nat howe to vnderstade 
 them. Whan the duke of Burgoyne sawe his maner, he sayde to his counsayle: We 
 lese all that euer we do to this duke of Gloucestour : for as longe as he lyueth there shal 
 be no sure peace bytwene France and Englande, for he shall alwayes fynde newe in- 
 uencyons and accydentes to engender hate and stryfe bytwene bothe realmes, for he en- 
 tedeth nor thynketh none other thynge ; if it were nat the truste that we haue in the 
 kyng of Englande, wherby hereafter to fare the better, the kyng shuide nat haue to his 
 •wyfe our cosyn of Fraunce. 
 
 Whan the duke and duchesse of Burgoyne, the coutesse of Neuers, the countesse of 
 saynt Poule, and the other lordes and ladyes of Fraunce, hadde greatly feested the lordes 
 and ladyes of Englande, than there was comunicacion howe these two kynges shuide mete 
 and speke toguyder, and howe the lady shuide be delyuered: thervpon apoyntment was 
 made, and leaue taken on all paries: the Englysshe partie returned to Calls to the 
 ^y"§> '♦"d shewed what chere they had, and what presentes had ben gyuen them. Fhese 
 newes pleased well the kyng, for he was gladde whan he herde any honour spoken of 
 
 the 
 
 "Humphrey. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 665 
 
 the Frenche kyng, he was so in loue with hym bycause of his doughter, whome he 
 trusted to haue to his Q^iiene. Than anone after the Frenche kyng came to saynt Omers, 
 and was lodged in the abbey of saynt Bertyne, and dislodged all other that were there 
 before, and had the duke of Bretayne in his company ; and than it was ordayned that 
 the dukes of Berrey, of Burgoyne, and of Burbone, shulde go to Calis to speke with 
 the kynge of Englande. 
 
 So they came to Calays, and were ioyouslye receyued, and had as good chere as 
 coulde be deuysed. These thre dukes had secrete communycacion with the kynge and 
 his counsayle, so that many, bothe of Fraunce and of Englande, reputed that there was 
 a peace concluded bytwene Fraunce and Englande: and indede it was nere at a poynt, 
 and the duke of Gloucester agreed well therto, as at that tyme, for the kyng of Eng- 
 lande hadde promysed hym, if he wolde agree to the peace, to gyue his son Affren' the 
 erldome of Rochester in herytauce, and to make hym spende yerely in reuenewes two 
 thousande pounde sterlyng, and to gyue to hymselfe as soone as he came in Englande 
 in redy money fyftie thousande nobles : so that by reason of these gyftes, the duke of 
 Gloucestours hardnesse was well aleyed. So that the lordes of Fraunce sawe well his 
 opinyons were nat so obstynate as they were before, for they founde hym than swete and 
 meke. Whane euery thynge was ordeygned of that they came for, they tooke leaue of 
 the kynge and other, and retourned to saynt Omers to the Frenche kynge, and shewed 
 howe they hadde spedde. Than the Frenche kyng wente to the bastyde of Arde,*" and 
 the duke of Burgoyne to Mountoyre, and the duke of Bretaygne to the towne of Esque, 
 and the duke of Berrey to Balyngham ;" and in euery parte all aboute there were pyght 
 vp tentes and pauilyons, and all the countrey full of people, what of Frauce and of 
 Englande. The kynge of Englande came to Guysnes, and the duke of Lancastre with 
 hym, and the duke of Gloucestre to Hames. Thus on a Fridaye, beyng the euyn of 
 Symon and Jude, in the yere of oure lorde god, a thousande, thre hundred, fourscore 
 and sixtene, about tenne of the clocke in the forenoone, the two kynges departed oute 
 of their tentes, the which were pyght nat farre asondre, and came afoote, the one to y 
 other, and met at a certayne place that was apoynted. And on the one syde there was 
 araynged four hundred knyghtes of Fraunce, armed with their swerdes in their hades ; 
 and on the other parte foure hundred Englysshe knyghtes in lyke maner: so the two 
 kynges passed through them: the dukes of Lacastre and of Gloucestre ledde the Frenche 
 kynge, and the dukes of Berrey and of Burgoyne ledde the kynge of Englande. Thus 
 they came foreby the sayd eight hundred knightes: and whan the two kynges came iust 
 toguyder, all the eyght hundred knyghtes kneled downe to the grounde, and many of 
 them wepte for ioye. Thus the two kynges mette toguyder bareheeded, and a lytell 
 enclyned and tooke eche other by the handes. Than the Frenche kynge ledde the 
 kynge of Englande into his tente, whiche was noble and ryche, and the four dukes tooke 
 eche other by the handes and folowed the two kynges, and other knyghtes after, the 
 Frenchemen on the one syde, and the Englysshemen on the other syde : and so they 
 stode regardyng eche other in good and humble maner tyll all was done. Thane it was or- 
 dayned, that on the same place where as the two kynges tooke eche other by the hande, 
 that there shulde be made and founded a chapell in the honoure of our Lady, and shulde 
 be called our lady of Grace. I can nat tell whether it were made or nat. 
 
 So the two kynges, hande in hade, entred into the Frenche kynges tente; than the 
 foure dukes kneled downe before y kynges and they reysed them vp, and so talked to- 
 guyder. Than the two kynges wente a lytell aparte, and talked a certayne space; in 
 
 Vol. II. 4 (^ the 
 
 ' Humphrey. ^ Ardres. ' Leulinghem ; but Johnes says Tournehcm, 
 
666 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 the meane tyme wyne and spyces were brought ; the duke of Berrey serued the Frenche 
 kyntre of spyce, and the duke of Burcroyne of wyne; and the dukes of Lacastre and 
 Glocester serued the kyng of Englad. Tha other knightes and squiers serued all other pre- 
 lates and lordes, so y euery man win y tent hadde parte, and in the meane tyme the two 
 kynires comuned toguyder. This busynesse done and paste, the two kynges tooke leaue 
 eche of other, and so retourned to their tentes, and tooke their horses and rode towardes 
 Calais, the kyng to Guysnes, the dukes of Lancastre and Gloucester to Hames, and 
 the other to Calais. The Frenche kyng rode to Cordre,' and the duke of Orlyaunce 
 ■with hym : the duke of Berrey to Dornam,^ and the duke of Burgoyne to Mountoyrs. 
 So there was no more done that daye ; all their tentes stode styll in the feldes. 
 
 Than on the Saturdaye on the feest of saynt Symon and Jude, aboute a xi. of the 
 clocke, the kynge of Englande and his vncles, and other lordes, cae to the Frenche 
 lyno- into his tent ; they were receyued right honorably, and euery manne talked with 
 his felowe merily : than tables were sette vp, and the two kynges sat at one table alone, 
 the Frenche kynge on the ryght hande ; the dukes of Berrey, of Burgoyne, and of Bur- 
 bone, serued the two kynges : tha the duke of Burbone caste forthe many iestyng 
 wordes to make the kynges to laughe, and suche as were before the table, for this duke 
 was a mery man, and sayd openly, addressynge his wordes to the kynge of Englade : 
 Sir, quod he, ye ought to make good chere, for ye haue all that ye desyre ; ye haue 
 your wife or shall haue her deliuered to you. Than the Frenche kyng sayd : Bur- 
 jbonoys, we wolde that our doughter were of y age that our cosyn of saynt Poule is, on 
 the condicyon that it cost me a great good, than she shulde take my sonne with the better 
 good wyll. The kynge of Englande herde well those Avordes, and answered, spekyng 
 to the duke of Burbone, (bycause the Freche kyng hadde compared his doughter to the 
 erle of saynt Poules doughter), and sayd: Sir, the age that my wyfe (that shall be) is 
 of, pleaseth you right well ; we loue nat so moche her herytage than I do the loue of 
 you and of our realmes : for we two beyng of one accorde, there is no kynge, christen 
 nor other, that are able to anoye vs. 
 
 This dyner thus done in the Frenche kynges tent, and after wyne and spyces taken, 
 than the yonge quene was brought forthe, acompanyed with a great nombre of ladyes 
 and damoselles, and there she was delyuered to the kyng of Englande. Whan y was 
 done euery man toke their leaue to departe. The yonge quene was sette in a ryche 
 lytter, and there wente no mo frenche ladyes with her, but the lady of Coucy; there 
 were the ladyes of Englande, die duchesses of Lancastre, of Yorke, and of Gloucestre, 
 and of Irelande ; the lady of Namure, and the lady Poynynges, and a great nombre of 
 other ladies, Avho receyued the quene with great ioye. 
 
 Thus the kyng of Englande, a"nd the yonge quene and his company, rode to Calais 
 the same nyght, and the frenche kyng and his copany to saynt Omers. Than the Tues- 
 daye after, whiche was Alhalowen day, the kyng of Englande maryed the sayd lady 
 Isabell of Frauce, in the churche of saynt Nicholas in Calais; the archebysshop of Can- 
 terbury wedded theym, at wliiche tyme there was a great feest and great largesse. The 
 Thursdaye after, there came to Calais the dukes of Orlyaunce and of Burbone to se the 
 Icynge and the quene ; and on the friday they tooke their leaue and departed, and rode 
 to saynt Omers to the Frenche kyng. And the same day in the mornyng the kyng and 
 the quene toke their shyppe and hadde fayre passage, they were ouer within thre houres ; 
 the kynge laye in the castell of Douer, and the nexte daye to Rochestre, and than to 
 Dartforde, and so to Eltham. Thaiie all lordes and ladyes toke their leaue, and a fif- 
 
 tene 
 
 * Ardres. '' Tournehera. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. C67 
 
 tene dayes alter the quene was brought to the cytie of London, accompanyed with many 
 lordes, ladyes, and damosels, and laye the fyrst nyght at the towre ol' London, and the 
 nexte daye coueyed along throughe the cytie with great solempnyte to the kynges pa- 
 lais of Westmynster, and ther the kyng was before redy to receyue her. The same 
 daye the Londoners gaue to the quene great presentes. Than was there ordayned a 
 great iustes to be holden in the cytie of Lodon of xl. knyghtes and squyers chalegers, 
 to be holden at Candelmas nexte after, whiche was delyucred to the Herauldes to pub- 
 lysshe on bothe sydes of the realnie, to Scotlande. And whan the Frenche kyng was coe 
 to Parys after the maryage of his doughter, and euery lorde departed home, there rnnne 
 than a great brute through the realme, howe the frenche kyng was in purpose at the 
 begynnynge of Marche, to go with a great army into Lombardy, to dyslroye the lorde 
 Galeas duke of Mylayne ; the kyng had suche displeasure agaynst hym that no man 
 coulde tourne hym but that he wolde make that voyage, and the kyng of Englande had 
 promysed to sende hym syxe thousande archers, and the duke of Bretaygne had offered 
 to go with hym with two thousande speares bretons : great prouysyon was made for this 
 iourney in the Dolphenry of Vyen, and in the countie of Sauoy. Whan the duke of 
 Bretayne departed fro the frenche kynge to retourne into his countrey, syr Peter of 
 Craon, who was condempned to paye to the quene of Jherusalem a hundred thousande 
 frankes, and was in prison in the castell of Loure," in Parys, at the request of the duke 
 of Bretaygne, the duke of Burgoyne dyd so moche to the kynge, that by his good 
 meanes the duke of Bretaygne had sy r Peter of Craon with hym. 1 thynke he promysed 
 to pay the sayd some at certayne dayes to the foresayd quene. I wyll nowe leaue this 
 mater, and speke of the aduetures of Turkey. 
 
 Howe the siege before Xyco\}ohj hi Turkey was reysed by Lamorabaquy,^ and howe 
 the Frenchemen were dyscomfyted, and howe the hungaryons fled. 
 
 CAP. ccxvn.^ 
 
 YE haue herde here before howe the kynge of Hungery, and the lordes of Fraunce, 
 were passed the ryuer of Dunce,'' and were entred into Turkey : and all the somer after 
 the moneth of July they had done many enterprises, and had brought dyuers townes to 
 their subiection, for there was none that resysted them, and had besieged y towne of 
 Nycopoly, and hadde nere brought it to a small estate, nigh redy to yelde, for they 
 coude here no newes of Lamorabaquy.'' Than the kyng of Hungery said to the lordes 
 of Frauce, and to other: Syrs, thanked be god, we haue had a fayre seasone, we haue 
 dystroyed parte of Turkey ; I reken this towne of Nycopoly ours whan we lyst : it is so 
 sore ouerlayde that it canne nat longe holde, wherforeall thynges consydred, I cousayle 
 (this towne ones won), that we go no further at this season ; we shall drawe agayn ouer 
 the Dunce'' into the realme of Hungery, where I haue many cyties, townes, and cas- 
 telles, redy furnysshed to receyue you, as reason is, seyng ye be come so farre to ayde 
 me to make warre agaynst the turkes, whome I haue founde herde and cruell enemyes ; 
 and this wynter we shall make newe prouysion agaynst the next somer, and sende worde 
 to the frenche kyng what case we be in, so that this nexte somer he maye refresshe vs 
 with newe men ; and I beleue whan he knoweth what we haue done, and howe euery 
 thyng staudeth, he wyll haue great affection to come hyther in his owne person, for he 
 
 4 0.2 is 
 
 I The Louvre. ^ Bajazet. t Chapter CCXIII. t Danube. 
 
668 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 is yongeand courao;yous, and loueth dedes of armes ; and whether he cometh or nat, 
 by the grace of god, this next sorner we shall wynne the reahne of Armony," and passe 
 the brase of saynt George,'' and so into Surrey,'^ and wynne the portes of Japhes,*^ and 
 Baruth, and conquere Jherusalem, and all the holy lande ; and if the sowdan come 
 forewarde we shall fyght with hyni, for he shall nat departe without batayle. 
 
 These or lyke wordes sayd the kynge of Hungery to the lordes of Fraunce, and re- 
 kened Nycopoly as their owne ; howebeit, fortune fell otherwyse. All that season the 
 kyno-e Basaach,^ called Lamorabaquy, had reysed an army of sarazyns, some out of farre 
 countreys, as out of Perce,' many great men of the sarazyns came to ayde Lamorabaquy,' 
 to dystroy crystendome : they were passed the Erase saynt George,'' to the nombre of 
 two hudred thousande men. To say the trouth, the chrysten men were nat acertayned 
 ■what nombre they were of. This kynge Basaache' and his men aproched nere to Nyco- 
 poly by couerte Avayes : they knewe in feates of warre as moche as myght be, and this 
 kynge was a valyaunt man, whiche shewed well by reason of his polycy : he ordered his 
 bataylles thus : All his boost was in a maner as wynges, his men comprised well a great 
 myle of grounde, and before the boost to shewe a face redye in a bande an eyght thou- 
 sande turkes ; the two wynges of the batayle were open a forefronte, and narowe be- 
 hynde, and Lamorabaquy^ was in the herte of the batayle ; thus they rode all in couerte. 
 These eyght thousande Turkes were ordeyned to make a face, and y as sone as they 
 shulde se the crystenmen aproche, than they to recule lytell and lytell into the herte of 
 the batayle, and than the two wynges, whiche were open before, (the crystenmen beyng 
 ones entred bytwene theym), to close togyther and ioyne into one company, and than to 
 fyght with their enemyes. This was the ordre of their batayle. 
 
 Thus in the yere of oure lorde god a thousande, thre hudred, fourscore, and syxtene, 
 the monday before the feest of saynt mychell, about ten of the clocke, as the kyng of 
 Hungery sate at dyner at the siege of Nycopoly, tydynges came to the boost howe the 
 turkes were comyng : and the scoutes that came in shewed howe they had sene the turkes, 
 but their reporte Avas nat trewe, for they had nat rydden so forwarde, that they had 
 aue\Yed the two wynges, nor the batayle behynde ; they had sene no mo but y fore ry- 
 ders and vowarde, for as soone as they had sene theyra they retourned. The same sea- 
 sone the greatest parte of y host were at dyner: than tydynges was brought to the erle 
 of Neuers, and to all other in generall by their scurers, who said; Syrs, arme you 
 quyckly, that ye be nat surprised, for the turkes are comynge on you. These tydynges 
 greatly reioysed the crystenmen, suche as desyred to do dedes of armes. Than euery 
 man rose fro their dynners, and put the tables fro them, and demaunded for their har- 
 nesse and horses, and they were well chafed before with drynkynge of wyne. Than 
 euery man drewe into the felde, baners and standerdes dysplayed, entry man to his 
 owne baner. Than the baner of our lady was dysplayed ; therwith the valyaunt knyght 
 sir Johan of Vien, admyrall of Fraunce, and the frenchemen were the fyrst that drewe 
 into the felde fresshely aparelled, makynge small accompte of the turkes ; but they knewe 
 nat that they were so great a nombre as they were, nor that Lamorabaquy^ was there in 
 his owne persone. As these lordes of Fraunce were into the felde, there came vnto 
 theym the kynge of Hungeryes marshall in great hast, who was a valyaunte knyght, 
 called Henry of Ostenlenyhall, vpon a good horse, with a penon of his armes, of syl- 
 iier, a crosse sable ancored, called in armure, the yron of a mylstone :^ whan he came 
 before the baner of our lady he stode styll, and (to the moste parte of the barones of 
 
 Fraunce), 
 
 ' Armenia. '' The Hellespont. " Syria. '' Jaffa. ' Bajazet. 
 
 ' Persia. ' Cross Moline. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROTSSART. 669 
 
 Fraunce), he sayd openly : Syrs, lam sent hyther to you fro the kynge of Hungary, 
 and he desireth you by me, that ye set nat on your enemyes vntyll suche tyme as ye haue 
 worde awayne fro him, for it ought to be doughted lest our scoutes haue nat brought the 
 certaynte of the nombre of the turkes: but within these two houres ye shall here other 
 tydynfres, for we haue sent other foreryders forth to auewe our enemyes more substan- 
 cially than the first dyd ; and syrs, ye niaye be sure the turkes shall nat indomage vs, if 
 ye tary tyll all our hole puyssaunce be togyder : Syrs, this is the ordre that the kynge 
 and his counsayle hath ordered ; I muste retourne agayne to the kynge. Whan he was 
 departed, the french lordes assembled the togyder, to knowe what was best for them to 
 do. Than it was demaundtd of the lorde Coucy what he thought best to be done: he 
 answered and said: I wolde counsayle to obey the kyng of Hungeryes comaundement, 
 for that ordre semeth to be good. And as it was enfourmed me, syr Phylippe of Ar- 
 thoys, erle of Ewe, and constable of Fraunce, was nat contented that the aduyse had nat 
 fyrst haue ben demaunded of hym ; than he for pride and dispyght helde the contrary 
 opynyon, and sayd: ye syr, ye, the kynge of Hungery wolde haue the floure and 
 chiefe honour'of this iourney ; we haue the vowarde, he hath graunted it to vs, and 
 nowe he wolde take it fro vs agayne : beleue hym who wyll, for 1 do nat ; and than he 
 sayd to the knyght that bare his banner, in the name of god and saynt George, ye shall 
 se me this daye a good knyght. Whan the lorde Coucy herde the constable speke 
 these wordes, he toke it done of a great presumpcyon. Than he loked on syr Johan of 
 Vyen, who bare the standarde of our lady, and demauded of hym what he thought best 
 to be doone. Syr, quod he, where as wyse reasonecanne nat be herde, than pride muste 
 reygne, and sythe that the erle of Ewe wyll nedes set on, we must nedes folowe; howe- 
 beit, we shulde be the stronger and if our puyssauce were hole togyther. Thus as they 
 deuysed in the felde, styll the turkes aproched, and the two wynges, eche of Ix. thou- 
 sande men, beganne to aproche and to close, and had the chrystenmen bytwene them, 
 so that if they wolde haue reculed they coulde nat, for they were closed in with the sa- 
 razyns, the wynges were so thicke. Than dyuers knyghtes that were well expert ia 
 armes, sawe well the iourney shulde be agaynst them ; howebeit, they auaunced and 
 folowed the baner of our lady, borne by the valyaunt knight syr John of Vien; euery 
 knyght of Fraunce was in his cote armure, that euery man semed to be a kinge, they 
 were so fresshly aparelled. As it was shewed me whan they began fyrste to fyght with 
 the turkes, they were nat past a seuen hundred men. Lo, beholde the great foly and 
 outrage, for if they had taryed for the kynge of Hungery, who were threscore thou- 
 sande men, they had been lykely to haue doone a great acte : and by them and by their 
 pride all was lost, and they receyued suche domage, that sythe the batayle of Roun- 
 seualx,' where as the xii. peres of Frauce were slayne, crystendome receyued nat so 
 great a domage ; howebeit, or they were dyscomfyted a great nombre of turkes were 
 slayne, for the frenchemen dyscomfyted the fyrst batayle of the turkes, and had them 
 in chase tyll they came into a valey, where Lamorabaquy^ was with his hole puyssaunce; 
 than the frenchmen wolde haue retourned to their boost, but they coulde nat, for they 
 were closed in on all partes ; there was a sore batayle, the frenchemen endured longe. 
 Than newes came to the kyng of Hungery, howe the frenchemen, englysshmen, and 
 almayns,' w ere fyghtyng with the turkes, and had broken his comaundement and coun- 
 sayle gyuen the by his marshall, wherwith he was sore dyspleased, and nat Avithout good 
 cause ; than he sawe well howe he was lykely to lese that iourney: than he said to the 
 great mayster of the Rodes, who was by hym: Syr, we shall this day lese the iourney 
 by reason of the pride of the frenchmen, for if they wolde haue beleued me, we had 
 been stronge ynough to haue fought Avith our enemyes : and therwith the kynge of 
 
 Hungerye 
 
 ! Roncesvalles. i* Bajazet. '. Germans, 
 
G70 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 Huno-erye loked behyutle liym. and sawe howehis men fied awaye and were discomfy ted 
 in themseHe: than he sawe well there was no recouery, and suche as were aboute hym 
 cryed and sayd : Saue yourselfe, for if ye be slayne all Hungery is loste: ye shall lese 
 the felde this dave by reason of the pride of the frenchemen, tlieir valyautnesse turneth 
 to folyssh hardynes, for they shall be all slayne or taken, none is lykely to scape : ther- 
 fore syr if ye beleue vs, saue youreselfe, and scape this daunger. 
 
 The kyntre of Hungery was sore dyspleased whan he sawe howe he had lost y iourney 
 by dysorderyng of the frenchemen, and sawe no remedy but to llye, or els be taken 
 or slayne : oreat murder there was, for in flyenge they were chased and so slayne : they 
 of Huna;ery fledde without ordre, and the turkes chased theym ; howebeit, god ayded 
 the kino-e of Hugery, and the great mayster of the Rodes, for they came to the ryuer 
 of Dunce,^ and founde there a Tytell barge parteynynge to the Rodes : they entered into 
 it but with seuen persones, and so went of the shore, or els they had been slayne or 
 taken, for the turkes came to the ryuer syde, and there slewe many a crystenman, suche 
 as had folowed the kynge to saue themselfe. 
 
 Nowe lette vs speke of the frenchemen and almayns," who fought valyauntly. Whan 
 the lorde of Mount caurell, a ryght valyaunt knyght of Arthoys, sawe that the dys- 
 comfyture ranne vpon them, he had by hym a sonne of his, a yonge man : tlian he sayde 
 to a squyer of his : Take here my sonne and leade hym away by yonder wynge whiche 
 is open, and saue hym, and I wyll abyde the aduenture with other of my felowes. 
 Whan the chylde herde his father say so, he sayd howe he wolde nat departe : but the 
 father dyd so moche that perforce the squyer led hym away out of parell, and came to 
 the ryuer of Dunce,^ but there the chylde had suche care for his father that he tooke 
 small regarde to hymselfe, so that he fell into y ryuer bytwene two barges, and there was 
 drowned without remedy. Also syr Wyllyam of Tremoyle' fought in that batayle va- 
 lyauntly, and there was slayne and his sonne by him, and syr Johan of Vyen bearynge 
 the baner of our lady was slayne, and the baner in his handes. Thus all the lordes and 
 knightes of Fraiice that were there were distroyed, by the maner as ye haue herde. Syr 
 Johan of Burgoyneerle of Neners, was so rychely besene, and in lykewyse so was syr 
 Guy de la Ryuer, and dyuers other lordes and knyghtes of Burgoyne, that they were 
 taken prisoners. And there were two squiers of Picardy, ryght valyaunt men, called 
 Gyllyam Dewe, and the Bourge of Maytequell :'' these two by valyauntnesse t^vo tymes 
 passed through the felde, and euer retourned in agayne and dyd marueyls, but fynally 
 there they were slayne. To say the trouthe the frenchemen and other strangers that 
 were there acquyted themselfe valyauntly, but the frenchmens pride lost all. There 
 Avas a knyght of Pycardy, called syr Jaques of Helly, who had dwelte before in Tur- 
 key, and had serued Lamorabaquy,^ and coude somwhat speke the langage of Turkey: 
 whan he sawe the batayle loste he yelded hymselfe, and the Sarazyns, who are couetous 
 of golde and syluer, toke and saued hym. Also a squyer of Tornasys, called Jaques du 
 Fay, who had before serued the kynge of Tartary, called Tauburyn,' as soone as this 
 Jaques knewe y the frenchemen came to make warre in Turkey, he toke leaue of the 
 kynge of Tartary and departed, and was on the sayd felde, and taken prisoner by the 
 kyng of Tartaries men, who were there in the ayde of Lamorabaquy,"" for kynge Tau- 
 buryn^ of Tartary had sent to hym great nombre of men of warre. 
 
 The frenchmen were so richely arayed that they semed lyke kynges, wherby they 
 
 were 
 
 ; Panube, I; Germans. f De la Tremouille. :' Montquell, ! Bajazet, 
 
 i Tamerlane. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 671 
 
 were taken and their lyues saued, for sarazyns and turkes are couetous ; they trusted to 
 haue great raunsomes of these that were taken, and reputed them greater lordes than 
 they were. Sir Johan of Burgoyn, erle of Neuers, was taken prisoner. In lykewyse 
 Avere the erles of Ewe and de la IVIarche, the lorde Coucy, syr Henry of Bare, syr Guy 
 de la Tremoyle," Bouciquaut, and dyuers other: and syr Philyp of Bare, syr Jolian of 
 Vyen, Willyam of Tremoyle," and his sonne, shiyne, and dyuers other. This batayle 
 endured thre houres fyghtynge, and the kynge of Hungery lost all his baggage, and all 
 his plate and iowelles, and was gladde to sane hymselfe, but with seuen persons with 
 him in a lytell barge of the Rodes, els he had been taken or slayne without recouery. 
 There were mo men slayne in the chase than in the batayle, and many drowned, happy 
 was he that might scape by any maner of meanes. 
 
 Whan this dyscomfyture was doone and passed, and that the turkes, suche as were 
 sent thyder by the Sowdan, were withdrawen into their lodginges, whiche was into 
 tentes and pauylyons that they had conquered, whiche they founde well replenysshed 
 with wyne and meate redy dressed, wherwith they refresshed them, and made ioy and 
 reuell, lyke suche people as had ateygned vyctorye on their enemyes. Than Lamora- 
 baquy,^ with a greate nombre of mynstrelles, acordyng to the vsage of their countrey, 
 came to the kynge of Hungeryes chefe tent, Avhiche was goodly aparelled and hanged 
 with riche stufie : and there he toke great pleasure, and glorifyed in his herte of the wyn- 
 nyngof thatiourney, and thanked their god acordynge to their lawe. Than he vnarmed 
 hym, and to refresshe hym he sate downe on a tapyte of sylke, and caused all his great 
 lordes to come to him lo iangle and to talke with them ; he made as great myrthe as 
 myght be, and sayd howe he wolde shortely with great puyssaunce passe into the realme 
 of Hungery, and coquere the countrey, and after, other countreys vpon the crysten men, 
 and to bringe them to his obeysaunce : for he sayd he was content that euery man shulde 
 lyue after their owne lawes ; he desyred nothynge but the signory, but he sayd he wolde 
 reygne lyke Alysaunder of Masydone, who was twelue yere kynge of all the worlde, of 
 whose lynage he sayde he was dyscended. All y herde him agreed to his sayenge. 
 Than he made thre comaundemetes : The fyrst was, that who so euer had any prisoner 
 crysten, to bringe hym forthe the seconde daye after into his presence: the seconde was, 
 that all the deed bodyes shulde be vysyted and sertched, and such as were likely to be 
 noble men to be layde aparte by themselfe in their raymentes tyll he came thyder hym- 
 selfe, for he sayd he wolde se them : the thyrde was to enquyre iustely if the kyng of 
 Hungery were deed or alyue. All was done as he comaunded. 
 
 Whan Lamorabaquy'' had well refresshed hym, than to passe the tyme he went to y 
 place where the felde was, to se the deed bodyes, for it was shewed hym that he had 
 many of his men slayne, and that the batayle had cost hym greatly, of the which he had 
 great marueyle, and coulde nat byleue it. Than he mounted on his horse, and a great 
 nombre with him : he had with hym two of his bretherne, called Basaache, and Sur- 
 basaach," as some people sayd, but he wolde nat be knowen of them, for he sayd he had 
 no bretherne : whan he came to the place where the batayle was, he founde it of trouthe 
 that there were many deed and slayne : he sawe y for one crysten man deed, he founde 
 xxx. turkes slayne, wherwith he was marueylously dyspleased, and openly sayde: here 
 hath been a cruell batayle and marueylously defended of the crystenmen, but I shal 
 make them that be alyue to bye it derely. Than the kynge went to his lodgynge, and so 
 passed that nyght in great furour of hert ; and in the mornyng or he was vp, mocha 
 people came to his tente to knowe what they shulde do with the chrysten prisoners, the 
 
 renome 
 
 I Tretnouille. * Bajazet. ' Ali Bashaw, and Soli Bashaw, 
 
672 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 renome ranne that they shulde all be put to dethe without mercy. Lamorabaquy,' (for 
 all his dyspleasure), ordeyned that suche crystenmen as were in the batayle in great 
 aray, and lykely to be great men, shulde be all sette togyther in one parte, for it was 
 shewed hym that ihey myght well pay great raunsomes. Also there were dyuers sara- 
 zyns and panyms, of Perce,'' of Tartary, of Arabye, and suryens, that had many pri- 
 soners, by whome they thought to haue great aduauntage, as they had indede : they hyd 
 them out of the way so that they came nat to knowledge. Amonge other syr Jaques of 
 Helley was broughtbefore Lamorabaquy:' he that had him durst nat hyde hym no len- 
 ger ; syr Jaques de Helley was beknowen with some of the kynges seruautes, who toke 
 hym fro them that had him, whiche was happy for hym, as ye shall here after, for many 
 crysten men were afterwarde cruelly slayne and put to dethe. 
 
 Kynge Basaach" had comaunded to enquyre whiche were the greatest of the crysten 
 men, and that they shulde be set asyde, to the entent to saue their lyues ; so they were 
 tryed out and set aparte: fyrst, the lorde Johan of Burgoyne Erie of Neuers, who was 
 chiefe aboue all other, and than syr Phylyppe of Arthoys erle of Ewe, the erle of 
 Marche, the lorde Coucy, syr Henry of Bare, syr Guy of Tremoyle,"" and other, to the 
 nombre of eyght persones ; and Lamorabaquy^ went to se and to speke with them, and 
 behelde them a longe seasone, and he coniured these lordes by their faythe and lawe, to 
 saye the trouthe, if they were the same persones that they named themselfe for ; and 
 theysaydeye: and yet to knowe the more certaynte he sente to them the frenche 
 Icnyght syr Jaques of Helley, to knowe them, for he had serued Lamorabaquy^ before, 
 therfore he had his lyfe grauted hym: he was demaunded if he knewe the frenche 
 knyghtes prysoners. He aunswered and said : I thynke if I se them I shall knowe 
 them. Than he was comaunded to go and auewe theym, and to shewe playnely their 
 names. He dyd as he was comauded ; and whan he came to them, he shewed them his 
 aduenture, and howe he was sente thyder to knowe surely their names. Than they 
 sayde: Ah, syr Jaques, ye knowe vs all, and ye se well howe fortune is agaynst vs, 
 and how we be in daunger of this kynge, therfore to saue our lyues make vs rather greater 
 than we be indede, and shewe the kyng that we be suche men able to pay great raun- 
 somes. Syrs, quod he, so shall I do, for I am boude therto. Than this knight re- 
 tourned to Lamorabaquy," and to his counsayle, and sayd howe those knyghtes whiche 
 he hadde spoken with, were of the greatest men in all Fraunce, and were of the kynges 
 lygnage, and said they were able to pay great raunsomes. Than Lamorabaquy' sayd, 
 howe their lyues shulde besaued, and all other prisoners to be slayne and hewen all to 
 peces, in example of all other. Than the kynge shewed hymselfe before all the people 
 that were there assembled, to whome they all made lowe reuerence ; they made a lane 
 for hym to passe thorough, euery man with his sworde naked in his hande, and so came 
 thyder where the sayd lordes of Fraunce stode togyther: than the king wolde se the 
 correction of the other, whiche thynge the sarazyns were desyrous to do. 
 
 Than they were all brought before Lamorabaquy' naked in their shyrtes, and he be- 
 helde them a lytell and than tourned fro them warde, and made a sygne that they shulde 
 be all slayne, and so they were brought through the sarazyns that had redy naked swordes 
 in their handes, and so slayne and hewen all to peces without mercy. This cruell ius- 
 tyce dyd Lamorabaquy' that daye, by the whiche mo than thre hiidred gentlemen of 
 dyuers nacyons were tourmented and slayne for the loue of god, on whose soules Jesu 
 haue mercy. Amonge other was slayne syr Henry Dantoigne, of Heynalt: and so it 
 Tvas, the lorde Boucyquaute, marshall of Fraunce, was one of theym that was brought 
 
 naked 
 
 ' Baja?et. *• Persia. ' ' De la Tremouille. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 675 
 
 naked before the Icynge, and had ben slayne with other, and the erle of Neuers had nat 
 espyed hym ; as sone as he sawe hym he went streyght to the kynge and kneled downe, 
 and dessyred hym effectuously to respyte fro the dethe that knyght syr Boucyquaut, 
 sayenge howe he was a great man in Frauce, and able to pay a great raunsome. Lamo- 
 rabaquy' condyscended to the request of the erle of Neuers, and so syr Boucyquaut was 
 sette amonge them that shulde be saued. Thus cruell iustyce was done that day vpon 
 the crysten men, and bycause that Lamorabaquy' wolde that his vyctory shulde be 
 knowen in Fraunce, he apoynted out thre of the french knyghtes to come before hym, 
 wherof syr Jaques of Helley was one. Than the kyng demanded of the erle of Neuers 
 whiche of the thre knyghtes he wolde chose to sende into Fraunce to the kynge, and to 
 the duke of Burgoyne his father. Than the erle of Neuers sayd : syr, and it please 
 you, I wolde that this knyght, syr Jaques of Helley, shulde go thyder fro you and fro 
 vs. So syr Jaques taryed with Lamorabaquy," and the other two knyghtes delyuered 
 to dethe and so slayne, whiche was pytie. Than Lamorubaquy* was well apeased of his 
 furoure, and vnderstode howe the kyng of Hungery was scaped away^ alyue : than he 
 determyned to retourne into Turkey to a cvtie called Bursa, and so he dyd, and thyder 
 all y prisoners were brought, and than his army departed, and specyally suche as were 
 of farre coiitreys, as Tartary, Perce, Mede, Sury,*" Alexandre, and of Lecto. Than 
 syr Jaques Helley was delyuered to retourne into Fraunce, and he was comaunded to 
 retourne throughe Lombardy, and to recommaunde Lamorabaquy^ to the duke of Myl- 
 layne, and also he was streyghtly comaunded that in euery place as he passed, to ma- 
 nyfest and publisshe the victory that Lamorabaquy" had vpon the crysten men. The 
 Erie of Neuers wrote to the frenche kynge for hymselfe, and all his company, and to 
 his father the duke of Burgoyne, and to the duchesse his mother: whan this knyght 
 had his charge as well by writyng as by credence, he departed and toke his Avay to- 
 ivardes Fraunce : or he departed he was sworne and promysed as soone as he had done 
 his message in Frauce, incontynent to retourne agayne thyder, whiche othe and pro- 
 messe he acoplysshed lyke a trewe knight. Nowe we wyll leaue speakynge at this tyme 
 of Lamorabaquy,'' and of the lordes of Frauce prisoners, and we wyll speke of other 
 maters that fell the same season. 
 
 Of the pouertie and mysery that the crysten knightes of Fraunce and other nacyons 
 endured, in the commynge home to their countreys. 
 
 CAP. CCXVIII.^ 
 
 AFTER this great dyscofyture that the turkes had vpon the cristen men, suche 
 knyghtes as coulde saue themselfe, dyd. The same mondaye there was a thre hundred 
 knyghtes and squyers that were gone a foragynge, and were nat at the batayle, for whan 
 they'knewe, (by them that fledde), that the batayle was doone, they had no desyre to 
 retourne agayne to their lodginges, but fledde as well as they myght, and toke dyuers 
 wayes to flye fro y turkes: ther fled bothe frenchmen, englisshmen. almayns,'^ scottes, 
 flemynges, and oi' other nacyons, and they came into a countrey ioynynge to Hungery, 
 called Blacquy;' it was a countrey replenysshed with dyuers people, they were con- 
 quered vpon the turkes, and tourned perforce to the crysten faythe ; the kepers of the 
 
 Vol. II. 4 R portes, 
 
 f Bajazet. ' Syria. ' Chapter CCXIV. ■■ Germans. 
 
 ' Wallachia. 
 
674 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 portes, townes, and castels, suffered these crysten men to entre and to lodge, but the 
 nexte mornyntje at their departure they tooke fro these knya,htes and squyers all that 
 they had, and gaue them poore cotes, and a lytell syluer to passe therwith one dayes 
 iourney ; tliis grace they shewed to the gentlemen ; and as lor other yeomen and var- 
 Jettes they were spoyled all naked, and sore beaten, and yiiell entreated, without pytie. 
 So they passed through the coutrey of Blacquy' in great pouertie, and through Hugery : 
 they coude scant get breed for goddessake, nor lodgyng at nyght: they endured this 
 daunger in passynge tyll they came to Vyen in Austrich,'' there they were receyued 
 moreswetely, and refresshed and newe cladde, and so throughe the realme of Boesme,'^ 
 for if they hadde founde the Almaygnes'' so harde, they had neuer tourned ngayne, but 
 rather dyed for colde and hunger. Euery man that herde them tell of that aduenture 
 hadde pytie on them. So finally they came into Fraunce to Paris, and there shewed 
 their aduentures ; at the begynnynge they coude nat be beleued : some in Parys sayde : 
 it is pytie these vnthriftes be vnhanged or drowned, for tellyng of suche lies ; howebeit, 
 these tidynges dayly multiplyed \V resortyng of newe men. Whan the frenche kynge 
 vnderstode that these newes dayly renewed, they were nothyng pleasaunt to hym, for 
 it was a great domage of the losse of the noble men of his blode, and of other good 
 knyghtes and squyers of the realme of Fraiice : than he comaunded no man to be so 
 hardye to speke any more of that mater, tyll he were better enfourmed of the certentie : 
 and comaunded that all suche as were come oute of Hungery, shulde be taken and put 
 in prisone tyll the trouth were knowen ; so there were many putte into prison : and the 
 kyng hadde ordayned, that if the newes were nat trewe, that they shulde be all drowned 
 and putte to dethe. 
 
 Howe the trewe tidpiges of the batayle in Turkey lyas knowen in the Frenche kynges 
 
 house. 
 
 CAP. CCXIX.' 
 
 SO it was on Christemas daye, sir Jaques of Helley about the houre of noone entred 
 into Parys, and so toke his lodgynge, and demaunded where the kyng was ; and it 
 was shewed hym that he was at saynt Poules on y ryuer of Seyn: than he went thyder. 
 There was with the kyng the duke of Orlyaunce his brother, the duke of Berrey, the 
 duke of Burgoyne, the duke of Burbone, and therle of saynt Poule, and dyuers other 
 noble men of the realme of Fraunce, as the vsage was for suche noble men to be with the 
 kynge at suche highe feestes. So sir Jaques of Helley entred into the court boted and 
 spurred ; as than he -nas nat beknowen, for he had of long tyme hauted farre countreis ; 
 he dyd so moche that he came to the kynges chambre, and sayd, howe he came fro La- 
 morabaquy,' oute of Turkey, and hadde ben at the batayle before Nicopolye, where the 
 Christen men had lost the iourney: and sayd he hadde letters fro the erle of Neuers, and 
 fro other lordes of Fraunce, suche as were prisoners. Than he was brought to the 
 kynge: he kneled downe, and wisely declared his message, as well fro Lamorabaquy/ 
 as fro the erle of Neuers, and other lordes of Fraunce prisoners in Turkey. The kynge 
 gaue hym audyence, and was swetely examyned of all the hole mater : and to euery 
 thyng he answered so discretely, that y kyng was well content with hym, and was ryght 
 soroufull for the domage that y kyng of Hugry and they had susteyned ; howebeit, they 
 
 were 
 
 " Wallachia. " Vienna in Austria. • Bohemia. '' Germans. 
 
 ■■ Chapter CCXV. ^ Bajazet. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 675 
 
 were e,ladde that the kyng of Hungery was scaped without dethe or prisonment ; for they 
 sayde'he shulde recouer iyght well agayne the losse and domage that he had receyued at 
 that tyme: also they were ryght ioyfull that the erle of Neuers, and the other lordes, 
 were escaped the delhe, and were but as prisoners; and they sayde there was no doute 
 but tliey shulde be raunsomed and delyuered ; for sir Jaques of Helley sayd, there was 
 no doute but that Lamorabaquy' wolde within y yere put them to rausome, for he loued 
 golde and richesse ; and that sir, Jaques sayd, he knewe well, bicause he had long ben con- 
 uersaunt in Turkey, and serued Lamorabaquyes' father more than thre yere. Thus the 
 kynge ryght well receyued this knyght, and so dyde all other lordes, suche as were 
 there : and euery man sayd he was happy in this worlde to be in suche a batayle, and to 
 haue the acquayntaunce of suche a hethan kynge as Lamorabaquy^ was, sayenge it was 
 an iionoure for him and for all his lynage. Than the kyng comaunded all suche as were 
 in prison to be delyuered, wherof they were gladde. 
 
 Thus these newes that sir Jaques of Helley had brought, spreddc anone abrode in 
 Fraunce, and in olher places; many were right soroufull lor the losse of their fathers, 
 bretherne, husbandes, and chyldren, and n:i't without good cause, and specially y gret 
 ladyes of Fraunce, as theduchesse of Burgoyne for her sonue, the erle ot Neuers, and 
 her doughter Margarete of Heynault was soroufull for the erle her husbande; in lyke- 
 wyse was dolorous Mary of Berrey countesse of Ewe, for her husbande the lorde Phi- 
 lyppe of Arthoise constable of Fraunce ; and in lykewise so was the countesse of Marche, 
 the lady of Coucv, and her doughter of Bare, the lady of Sully, and many other ladyes, 
 as well of Fraunce as of other places : and whan they had wepte ynoughe, than tiiey 
 reconforted themselfe, in that they were natte slayne but prisoners ; but suche as 
 knewe their husbades, fathers, bretherne, chyldren, and fredes deed, their laiiietacions 
 endured long in Frauce. The duke of Burgoyn made nioche of this knyght sir Jaques 
 of Helley, who had brought hym worde that his sonne was alyue, and gaue hym many 
 ryche gyftes, and reteyned hym as one of his knyghtes with two hundred pounde of re- 
 uenewes yerely duryng his lyfe. The Frenche kyng and all other lordes gaue largely 
 to this knight. Tha he shewed howe he must nedes returne agayne to Lamorabaquy," 
 for that was his promyse at his departynge, for he stoode but as prisoner, and sayd, 
 howe he hadde nat retourned, but to do "this message fro Lamorabaquy.' The kynge 
 and other thought it but resonable that he shulde kepe his promyse. Than the kynge 
 and other wrote to these prisoners ; and it was concluded by counsayle, that the Frenche 
 kyng .shulde sende a knight of honour to Lamorabaquy,' to thentent that he myght re- 
 tourne agayne to bring newe tydynges, in what case the prisoners were in : there was 
 apoynted to go in this\oyage sir John of Castell morant, who was a wyse knyght and 
 well languaged. Than it w'as demaunded of sir Jaques what iowelles or presentes the 
 kynge myght best sende to Lamorabaquy,' and that shulde best please him, to the en- 
 tent that the prisoners shulde be the better entreated. The knight answered, that La- 
 morabaquy' toke gret pleasure in clothes of arras, made of olde auncyent hystories; and 
 also he sayd, he had great delyte in these whyte Faucons, called Gerfaucons; also he 
 sayd, that fyne lynnen clothes, and fyne scarlettes, were moche made of there, for of 
 clothe of guide and sylke they hadde plentie. This pleased well the Frenche kyng, 
 and the duke of Burgoyne, whose myndes were sette to please Lamorabaquy.^ Thus 
 a xii. dayes sir Jaques of Helley taryed at *Parys, and euery man was gladde to here 
 hym reporte of y aduentures of Turkey, and of the maner of Lamorabaquy.^ 
 
 Whan he departed to retourne, the kynge sayd to hym: Sir Jaques, take your way, 
 
 4 R 2 '"^^ 
 
 " Bajazet. 
 
676 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 and make but small iourneys at your ense; I thyiike ye wyll returne by Lombaidy, and 
 speke with the duke of Myllayne, for there is threat amyte bylweue liym and Lanioraba- 
 quy;' but wliiche waye so euer ye go, we wyll that sir .lohan of Castell Morant abyde 
 in Hungry, tyll ye haue gote hyin a saueconducte to go to Lamorabaquy,-" with suche 
 presentes as we shall sende hym, to the entent that he shulde be the moie fauorable to 
 the prisoners. Sir, quod he, all this shal be done : so he departed and tooke the same 
 waye he came. Anone after his departure, the kynge and the duke of Buigi;yne, dyde 
 prepare for these presentes, and sir Johan of Castell Morant dispatched, and tiad his 
 charge: he had with hym sixe somers laden with preseles, two of them with clothes of 
 arras, of the goodlyest that coude be gote, wrought with the storie of Alexandre, of his 
 lyfe and conquestes, ryght pleasaunt to beholde ; other two somers were charged with 
 lyne scarlettes whyte and reed; and also with moche payne the kynge gate of these 
 whyte gerfaucons. Thus sir Johan of Castell morant departed fro Parys with his pre- 
 sentes and charge, a fyftene dayes after that sir Jaques of Helley was departed. In this 
 rnean season the kynge of Hungry retourned into his coutre, wherof all his people were 
 right ioyfull ; for they loued hym, and so came and conforted hym, and sayde: Sir, 
 though ye haue haddc doniage at this tyme, another tyme ye shall right well recouer it. 
 Thus the kynge bare his domage as well as he rnyght. On y other parte, Laniorabaquy* 
 returned into his countre, and came to a towne called Bursa, and thyder were all the 
 prisoners brought, and there sette vnder sure kepynge ; they were nothyng there at their 
 ease, the heate of the countrey and dyette sore chaunged them, for they hadde ben vsed 
 before to swete and delycate metes and drinkes, and had their owne cookes and ofTycers 
 that dyde prepare their meates accordynge to their dyettes : and there in Turkey they 
 were sarued all contrarye, with grose meates, flesshe yuell sodden and dressed: they 
 had spyces ynoughe, and bredde made of mylke, clene fro the nature of France; they 
 had wyne, and that was with great daunger ; thoughe they were all great lordes, they 
 were but smally regarded there: the tuikes had as lyue they had been sicke as hole, and 
 deed as alyue, they wolde they had ben all putte to execusyon. So these prisoners con- 
 forted eche other within themselfe for they sawe none other remedy ; so some of the 
 their nature chaunged and fell into sickenesse : he that made the best chere and coun- 
 tynauuce was the Erie of Neuers, and that he dyde to conforte his companyons : also 
 sir Bouciquaut, and the erle of Marche, and sir Henry of Bare, were of good conforte, 
 and tooke euery thynge paciently, sayeng, that the honours in armes, nor the glorie of 
 this worlde, coude nat be hadde without payne, and somtyme with metyng of harde ad- 
 uentures : for they said that there Avas neuer so valyaunt and happy, that had alwayes 
 euery tliyng as they wysshed ; they sayde they were bounde to thanke god that he hadde 
 saued their lyues, consydringe the displeasure that Lamorabaquy"* and his counsayle 
 were in, for the losse of their men. for it was ones determyned that we shulde all ge- 
 nerally haue been putte to delhe. Than Bouciquaut sayd, I ought aboue all other to 
 thanke god of my lyfe, for I was at the poynt to haue be hewen all to peces, as other of 
 my company were: but at the request of my lorde here, the erle of Neuers, I was saued ; 
 this adueuture call I good, and sithe god hath delyuered vs fro this paryll, he Avyll and 
 it please hym delyuer vs fro a greattei , foi' we be his soudyers, and for his sake we haue 
 this payne : for by reason that sir Jaques of Helley is gone into Fraunce, I trust within 
 a yere we shall haue good conforte, and be delyuered; the matter can nat abyde thus; 
 the Frenche kyng, and the duke of Burgoyn, wyll nat forgette vs, but by some meanes"* 
 raunsomed and delyuered. 
 
 Thus sir Boucyquaut reconforted hymselfe, and tooke euery thyng in good pacyence, 
 
 but 
 
 f Bajazct, '' " JVe shall be." 
 
 h ■ 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 677 
 
 but the loicle Coucy coiide take no cdfoite, whiche was marueyle : for before that tyme 
 he was a loicle of -rreat wysdonie and offfieat conforte, and neuer was abasshed : but be- 
 yno; thus in prison in Bursa, in Turkey, he was more disconlbrted than anv other, and 
 in^nore malencoly, and sayd, he was sure he shulde neuer retourne into Frauce: Sir 
 Henrv of Bare conforted hym as moche as he myght, and blamed hym of his discon- 
 forte, sayeno, howe he ought to gyue conforte to all other; howebeit, the same sir 
 Henry was sore abasshed in hymselie, and oftentymes remenibred his wyfe, and wolde 
 wepe pituously: and in lykewise so dyd sir Philyppe of Arlhoise, erie of Ewe, 
 and constable of Fraunce : sir Guye of Tremoyle'' was of good conforte, and so was 
 the erle of Marche. Lamorabaquy'' was content somtyme that they shulde haue 
 some pastyme, and somtyme he wolde go hymselfe and se them, and iangle and bourde 
 with them right graciously, and wolde tiiat tliey shulde se parte of his estate and 
 puyssaunce. 
 
 Nowe lette vs leaue somwhat to speke of them, and speke ol'sir Jaques of Helley, and 
 sir John of Castell Morant, who were bothe ryding towardes Hungry. 
 
 Sir Jaques of Helley taryed in the cytie of Bode," in Hungry, about a ten or xii. 
 dayes, abydinge for sir Johan of Castell morant: and whan he was coe sir Jaques was 
 ioyfuU, for he was desyrous to passe forthe into Turkey, to acquyte hym of his faythe 
 and promyse, and to se the erle of Neuers, and the lordes of Fraunce, and to comforte 
 them. Whan the kynge of Hungry sawe sir John of Castel morant, he made him good 
 chere for the loue of y frenche kyn^e, and he vnderstode that the frenche kyng had sent 
 by hym gret presetes and iowels to Lamorabaquy," wherwith he was sore displeased in 
 his mynde, but he dissymuled the mater, and kepte it couert tyll sir Johan Heley was 
 departed into Turkey warde ; but he said to suche of his priuye counsayle as he disco- 
 uered the mater vnto, howe that the miscreant dogge, his aduersary Lamorabaquy'' shulde 
 haue no presetes out of Fraunce, nor fro no place els, if it laye in his power to lette it: 
 Sir John Helley was departed, and promysed to gette of Lamorabaquy a saueconducte 
 for sir Johan Morant to passe into Turkey and repasse : so long he traueyled with 
 guydes, that he came into Turkey to the cytie of Bursa, but as than Lamorabaquy'' was 
 in another cytie called Poly ; and where so euer he went the prisoners were caryed with 
 hym, excepte the lorde Coucy, who taryed styll at Bursa, for he coude nat endure to 
 ryde he was so sicke. and with hym taryed a cosyn of his of Crrece, a right valyant 
 barone, discended of the lynage of the dukes of Austriche,'' who was called Mathelyn. 
 Whan sir Jaques was come to Foley, Lamorabaquy'' was gladde to se hym, bycause he 
 was come out of Fraunce; than sir Jaques right humbly said to him: Right dere and 
 redouted sir, beholde here your prisoner; to the best of my power I haue don your mes- 
 sage y ye gaue me in charge to do. Than Lamorabaquy'' sayd, thou arte welcoe, thou 
 ha'st trewly acquyted thyselfe, and therfore 1 acquyte the of thy raunsome and prison, 
 so that thou mayst o;o, retourne, and tary at thy pleasure: wherof sir Jaques right 
 hubly thaked hym. than he shewed howe the frenche kyng, and the duke of Burgoyne, 
 had sente a knyght of honoure embassade to hym with credece, and had brought with 
 hym certayne presentes of pleasure fro the Frenche kyng. Lamorabaquy'' demannded 
 what they'were, and if he had sene them or nat. The knyght aunswered, sir, I haue 
 nat sene ihem, but the knvght that hath y charge to do the message is at Bode/ in Hun- 
 gry ; and sir, I am come before to shewe you therof, and to haue a saueconducte for the 
 sayd knyght to come and to retourne safely. Than Lamorabaquy" sayd: we wyll that 
 he haue one, as thou wylte deuyse, wherof the knyght thanked hym. So they departed 
 as at that tyme. Another tyme sir Jaques spake with Lamorabaquy,'' and kneled downe 
 
 before 
 
 ' De la Tremouillc. ' Bajazet. ' Buda. " Austria. 
 
678 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 before hym, and humbly requyred that he myght se thelordes and knyghtes of Fraunce, 
 for he had dyuers thynges to saye to them out of their couiitre. Lamorabaquy^ studyed 
 a lytell or he aunswered, and at laste sayd : thou shaUe speke with one of them, but with 
 no mo : and so sent for the erie of Neuers alone ; and whan he was come, sir Helley kneled 
 downe to hym. Therle was glad to se hym, and demaunded howe the frenche kyno-e, 
 and the duke his father, and the duches his mother dyde. The knyght shewed hym all 
 that he knewe, and all that he was charged to saye to hym; howebeit, they had nat so 
 good leysar to talke togyder as they wolde haue had, for Lamorabaquyes* men that were 
 there present badde them haue done, for they sayd they had other thynges to do than 
 to stande there and wayte vpon them. Than sir Jaques demaunded of the Erie howe 
 all the other lordes of Fraunce dyde. The Erie said they were all in good case, except 
 f lorde of Coucy, who was somwhat diseased, and was at the cytie of Bursa. Than sir 
 Jaques shewed hym howe sir Johan of Castell niorant was come out of Fraunce fro the 
 kyng, and fro the duke of Burgoyne, in ambassade to Lamorabaquy,^ and to ass wage 
 his yre he hath sent hym ryche iewelles and presentes, but he is at Bode,'' in Hungry, 
 with the kyng there, and I am come before for a sauecoduct for hym to come and go, the 
 whiche Lamorabaquy^ hath graunted, and I thynke I shall retourne to hym shortely. 
 Herof therle was right ioyous, but he durst make no semblant for I'eare of the Turkes, 
 but said : sir Jaques, I vnderstande by you that ye are quyte of your raunsome and pri- 
 son, and that ye maye retourne whan it pleaseth you into France ; whan ye come there, 
 I praye you shewe the kyng and my father, that we all desyre them to treate as shortely 
 as maye be for our delyueraunce, by some marchauntes genowayes or venisyons, and 
 agree at the fyrst worde to that Lamorabaquy* shall desyre for our rausome : for if they 
 shulde make long treatie \V hym, we shal be lost for euer, for I vnderstade Lamora- 
 baquy^ istrewe of his worde, curtesse and shorte in all his maters, so he be taken at the 
 poynt. 
 
 Thus the erle of Neuers and sir Jaques departed. Whan the saueconducte was redy 
 it was delyuered to sir Jaques. Than he toke his leaue of Lamorabaquy," and of other 
 of his courte of his aquayntaunce, and rode so longe by his iourneys that he arryued at 
 Bode,'' in Hungry : than he drewe to sir Johan Moraunt, who thought longe for hym. 
 Than sir Jaques sayd: sir, I haue brought you a saueconducte to go into Turkey, and 
 all youre company, and to retourne agayne at your pleasure. I am gladde therof, quod 
 the knyght : lette vs go to the kyng of Hungry and shewe hym therof, and than to- 
 morowe betymes lette vs departe, for I haue taryed here longe ynoughe. Than they 
 bothe togyder wente to the kyng into his chambre, and shewed hym all the mater. The 
 kynge than answered and sayde : Sir Johan Moraunt, and ye Helly, ye be welcome, 
 ye shall go at youre pleasure, for the loue of my cosyns of Fraunce, to whom I wolde 
 be gladde to do pleasure, and to you also ; ye maye go and come throughe my realme at 
 your pleasure, and also into Turkev if ye please, but as for your presentes that you sir 
 Johan haue brought out ofFrauce, I wyll nat agree that ye shall conuey them to that 
 hell hounde Lamorabaquye,' he shall neuer be enryched therwith ; it shulde tourne to 
 our great shame and rebuke, if he shulde make his auaunt that bycause he hath had 
 victorie on vs, and hath in daunger and prison certayne lordes of Frace, that for feare 
 therof there shulde be sente to hym riche presentes ; as for the Gerfaucos I care nat 
 for, for foules flye lightly oute of one countre into another, they are soone gyuen and 
 soone lost : but as for riche hangynges of arras are thynges to be sene and to endure for 
 euer: wherfore sir Johan Morant, if ye wyll passe into Turkey with your gerfaucos, go 
 ■whan it please you, but as for any other thyng ye shall haue non with you. Thl the 
 
 knyght 
 
 ' Bajazet. '' Buda. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 679 
 
 knyglit aunswered and sayd: certaynly, sir, it shulde nat be myne honour, nor pleasat 
 to the Frenche kynge, nor to the k)rdes that haue sente me hyder, without 1 myght ac- 
 coplysshe my voyage as I haue in cliarge. Well, quod the kynge, ye shall haue none 
 other waye of me at this tyme. So the kynge went Fro them and lefte the two knightes 
 spekynge toguyder: they were sore troubled with the abusyon on the kynge of Hungery : 
 than they cnunsayled toguyder wiiat was best for them to do: than they determyned to 
 sende hastye messangers to the frcche kynge, and to the duke of Burgoyne, sithe they 
 sawe they coulde haue none other remedy ; they wrote letters to the kyng, and to the 
 duke of Burgoyne, that they shulde prouyde for the mater : they sente their letters by 
 poste, to make the more hast, and taryed styll themselfes at Bode,^ with the kyng of 
 Hungry, abyding the retourne of their raessanger. 
 
 This messanger spedde so well, and made suche dilygence, that he came to Parys, 
 and there founde y kyng and the duke of Burgoyn, and there shewed his letters, and 
 they Avere reed at length, with the whiche they were nothynge pleased, and had mar- 
 ueyle that the kyng of Hungry wolde nat suffre his presentes to passe throughe his 
 countre Into Turkey. The duke of Berrey excused the kynge of Hungry, and sayde : 
 howe he had good cause to do as he dyde, for it is a thyng to humbly done for the kynge 
 to sende suche presentes to an hethan thyng: the duke of Burgoyne, bycause the mater 
 touched hym, he was of the contrary opinyon, and said it was a thyng reasonable so to 
 do, sith that fortune hath ben so fauorable to him to haue the vyctorie in suche a ba- 
 tayle, and hath hadde the kyng of Hungry in chase, and hath taken prisoners all suche 
 noble men as were agaynst hym in that iourney, wherfore the fredes of those prisoners 
 may well fynde themeanes howe to comforte them for their delyueraunce. This dukes 
 wordes were vpholden with the kynge, and with dyuers of his counsayle. Than the 
 kynge demaunded of his vncle of Berrey, Sayeng, fayre vncle, if Lamorabaquy'' the 
 soudan, or any other hethan kynge, sende you a ruby or a ryche iewell, vvheder wyll 
 ye receyue it or nat. Sir, quod he, I wolde take aduyse. Than y kyng sayd, it pas- 
 seth nat yet tenne yere sythe the soudan sente you a ruby whiche cost twentie thousande 
 frankes. So the kynge of Hungries dede was nat susteygned, but it was sayd that he 
 had yuell done to stoppe the goyng of these presentes, and that it shulde rather hynder 
 the prisoners than auaunce the. Than the kyng was cousayled to write to y kyng of 
 Hungry amyable letters, desyringe hym nat to stoppe his knyght, but suffre him to 
 passe into Turkey with his presetes and message. Than letters were written, sealed, 
 and delyuered agayne to the same messager, and so he departed to retourne into 
 HOgry. 
 
 Bud*. '' Bajazet. 
 
 Howe 
 
680 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 Howe the duchesse of Orbjaunce, doughler to the duke of Myllayne, was had in sus- 
 pecte of the Frenche kynges syckenesse. 
 
 CAP. CCXX." 
 
 YE haue harde here before howe the Freche kyng lightly euery yere was sore en- 
 clyned to fall into a frasey, so that there was nother phisycion nor surgion that coude 
 remedy hym : many said they wolde heipe hym, but whaiie it came to the poynt all their 
 labour was in vayne, for the kynges sickenesse wolde nat cease nother for prayers nor for 
 medycins, tyll it had ron his lull course : some of his phisycions, and arioles,"" and char- 
 mers, whan they sawe no remedy, than they said surely howe the kynge was poysoned 
 or bewytched, by crafte of sorcerye, whiche noyse made the lordes and other to haue 
 many in suspecte ; and some of these nigromancers affyrmed that the kynges sickenesse 
 came by reason of sorcery and charmes ; and to make the beleue it was so, they sayd 
 they knewe it by the spyrites, who had shewed it to them. Of these deuins, arioles,'' 
 and charmers, there svere certayne brente at Parys, and at Auignon ; they spake so 
 moche, and sayd, that the duchesse Valentyne of Orlyauce, doughter to the duke of 
 Myllayn, hadde witched the kynge, to the entent to attayne to the crowne of Fraunce ; 
 they had so sciaundred this lady, y brute ran through the realme, that she vsed suche 
 craftes of sorcery, sayeng, that as long as she was about the kyng, and that he myght se 
 her, the kyng shulde nat amede ; so it behoued this lady to auoyde this sclaunder, and 
 to flye fro the paryll therof, to departe fro Parys : and so she wente to Asners, a fayre 
 castell nere to Pontoyse, parteyning to her husbande the duke of Orlyauce, and after- 
 warde she went and dwelt at Newcastell," on the ryuer of Loyre, parteynynge to her 
 husbande, who was sore displeased in his hert that suche a brute ran vpon his wyfe ; 
 howebeit, he dissymuled the mater as well as he myght, nor dyd nat absent hymselfe 
 fro the court, for he had moche busynesse for the maters of the realme. The duke of 
 Myllayne, called Galeas, was well enformed howe his doughter the duchesse of Or- 
 lyaunce was accused, wherof he was sore displeased, and he sente twyse or thrise am- 
 bassadours to the Frenche kyng and his cousayle, and ofFred to fynde a knyght to fyght 
 at vttrauce, with any man that wolde accuse his doughter of any trayson ; and the mes- 
 sagers in a maner thretned that y duke wolde make warre into Fraunce, bycause the 
 frenche kyng beyng in good helthe, (at Balynghani,'' bitwene saynt Omers and Calis), 
 said, that assone as he were retourned into Frauce, he wolde entende to nothyng, but 
 to make warre vpon the duke of Myllayne : and also the kyng of Englande, who as than 
 called hymselfe his sonne, bycause he had maryed his doughter, promysed to sende hym 
 a thousande speres, and sixe thousade archers, wherof the frenche kyng was right ioy- 
 full. Prouisyon was made for the Frenche kyng in the countie of Sauoy, and in y 
 Dolphenry. The kynges mynde was, to entre that wave into Lombardy, to make warre 
 on the duke of Myllaygne : but that iourney toke none effecte, for whan tidynges was 
 brought into Fraunce of the disconfyture of the batayle before Nicopoly, in Turkey, 
 and of y dethe and takynge of the lordes of Fraunce, the kynge and the duke of Bur- 
 goyue, were so charged and busyed in that belialfe, that the iourney into Lombardy was 
 deleted : and also they sawe Avell y the duke of Myllayne was in fauoure with Lamora- 
 baquy/ so that they durst nat displease hym, and so lette hym alone. 
 
 Howe 
 
 * Chapter CCXVI. '' Sorcerers. ' Neufchltel. "' Leulinghem. * Bajazet. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. €8r 
 
 fJom the duke of Burgoyne, and I he duchesse his wyfe, toke great dylygence to fynde 
 the meanes to redeme out of prisone the erle of A'euers their sonne, and the other 
 prisoners beyng in Turkey. 
 
 CAP. CCXXI.=' 
 
 THE duke of Burgoyn and the duches studyed all the wayes they coulde deuyse, 
 by what maner or tielye they myght gette their sonne out of prysone ; they knewe well 
 or they coulde haue hyin they shulde be fayne to pay for hym a great raunsome ; they 
 mynisshed their housholde and kept a meaner estate, and gathered as nioche golde and 
 syluer as they coulde, for without that they coulde nat bringe aboute their purpose ; and 
 they gate theym acquayntaunce with marchauntes, venycience, and genouoys, and suche 
 other, for they thought by their meanes they shulde the rather come to their purpose. 
 The duke of Burgoyne lay styll at Paris with the kynge his nephue, and had the chiefe 
 gouernaunce of the reahne, wherby his busynesse had the better effecte. The same sea- 
 sone there was at Parys a marchaunt of Turkey, who had all the doynge for all other 
 Lombardes ; he was knowen and spoken of throughout all the worlde, his name was 
 called Dyne of Responde, and by hym all exchaunges were made ; he was in good fa- 
 uour with the kyng and other lordes, before this iourney in Turkey, but than after 
 the batayle he was nioche more made of. Oftentymes the duke of Burgoyne demaunded 
 of hym counsayle howe he myght entre into treatie with Lamorabaquy,'' for the redemp- 
 cion of his sonne, and of the other prisoners in Turkey. Sir, quod this marchaut, 
 lytell and lytell some meanes wyll be founde ; Syr, the marchauntes of Gennes,"^ and 
 of other isles, are knowen ouer all, and occupyeth the trade of marchaudyse in 
 Q.uayre," in Alexandre, in Damas,^ in Danuet,' in Turkey, and out in farre countreys 
 hethan, for as ye knowe well marchaundyse flyeth ouer all the worlde: Syr, let the 
 kynge and you write amyably to theym, and promesse them great benefytes and profytes, 
 if they wolde do for you ; there is nothynge but it is ouercome with golde and syluer ; 
 and also syr, the kynge of Cyper, who hath hadde no warre with the kyng Lamoraba- 
 quy,'' he may ryght well ayde you: Syr, as for me, ye may be sure I wyll do what I 
 canne, for I am bounde therto. It is nat to be marueyled though the duke of Burgoyne 
 and the duches sought out wayes howe they might recouer agayne their sonne, for he 
 was their heyre, therfore it touched the ryght nere. The ladyes of Fraunce tooke great 
 sorowe for their husbandes and louers, specyally the lady of Coucy coude nat forget her 
 liusbande : she Avepte pytuously nyght and daye, and coulde take no comforte. The 
 duke of Lorayne, and syr Henry, her two bretherne, came to saint Gobyn, to se and to 
 recomforte her, as moche as they myght, and they sayd they wolde sende into Turkey 
 to knowe howe he dyd, for they said they vnderstode howe he had a more gentyll pri- 
 sone than any of his felowes had. The lady Coucy thanked greatly her two bretherne 
 for their counsayle and great comforte : than she desyred sir Robert Den, a valyaunt 
 knyght of Cambresys, to take the payne to go into Hungery, and into Turkey, to se 
 what condycyon her husbande the lorde of Coucy was in. The knyght sayd, for her 
 sake he was content to go thyder, and to bringe the certaynte of his estate. Thus he 
 made him redy and fiue persones with him. Other ladyes in Fraunce sent in lykewyse 
 to knowe what case their husbandes were in. 
 
 Vol. II. 4 S .Ye 
 
 * Chapter CCXVII. ^ Bajazet. ' Genoa. t Cairo, ! Damascus, 
 
 i Damietta. 
 
6 82 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 Ye haue herde here before hovve the kyno;e of Hungery wolde in no wyse consent that 
 sir Morant shulde passe into Turkey with the frenche kynges presentes, and in this 
 opynion the kynge longe contynued, whiche was right dyspleasaunt to sir Morant, and 
 to syr Helley, but they coude nat amende it: and so it happed y the great mayster of 
 the Rodes came into Hungery to the cytie of Bode,^ to whome the kyng made good 
 chere, wherto he was bounde, for the daye of the batayle the kynge had ben slayne or 
 taken, and he had nat ben, and there he founde these two knyghtes of Fraunce ; they 
 came to him and sliewed hym howe the kynge wolde nat suffre them to passe into Tur- 
 key, with suche presentes as the frenche kynge had sent to Lamorabaquy,'^ wherof he 
 had meruayle, and sayde, howe he wolde speke to the kynge therin, and that they shulde 
 •well knowe ; and so he dyd, and shewed to the kyng suche reasons that he tourned the 
 Icynges opynion, and so than they had leaue to passe into Tvnkey, with all their pre- 
 sentes : and so they passed lorthe vnder sure safeconduct, and came to Lamorabaquy,'' 
 who receyued theym and their gyftes ryght honorably, after their vsage, and made great 
 ioye of the presentes. The knyghtes for all y spake but ones all onely with the erle of 
 JNeuers at good leysare, and at their departynge the erle sayde to them : Syrs, I requyre 
 you recomraaunde me to my lorde my father, and to my lady my mother, and to my 
 lorde of Berrey, and specyally to the kynge, and salute fro me all my other frendes: 
 and desyre them that if Lamorabaquy'' wyll set vs to raunsome, that by meanes of mar- 
 chauntes or otherwyse, our raunsomes may be quyckly payed, and we delyuered, for 
 by longe taryenge we shall lese, for in y begynnyng we were but viii. prisoners, and 
 nowe we be xvi. whiche is in all xxiiii. and we shall nat be delyuered without we be de- 
 lyuered all at ones, and as soone all as one, for Lamorabaquy'' hath so promysed, and 
 surely he wyll nat be founde false of his worde. Syr Morant and syr Helley aunswered, 
 and sayd : howe his comaundement shulde be cloone, to the whiche he was bounde. So 
 they departed and retourned into Hungery, and by the way they encountred the mes- 
 sanger that was sent into Fraunce to the kynge, bringynge agayne letters fro the frenche 
 kyng to the kyng of Hungery. Than this messanger retourned agayne with theym, for 
 he had no more to do whan he sawe them retourne, and had done their voyage into 
 Turkey, and so retourned all togyther into Fraunce. 
 
 Howe the duke of Glouceslre sublelly sought out the meanes hoive to dystroye kynge 
 Rycharde of Englande his nephue. 
 
 CAP. ccxxn.^ 
 
 IT is long syth I spake of the duke of Gloucestre, yongest sonne to the kynge of 
 Englande, Edwarde the thyrde ; I had no tyme to speke of him tyll nowe, and bycause 
 his herte coude neuer loue the frenchemen, therfore of the losse that the frenchemen 
 had in Turkey, he was rather gladde than sory. The same seasone he had a knyght 
 "with hym called syr Johan Laquyquay, chiefe of his counsayle, (as it was knowen after) 
 he sayde to his lorde : Syr, the fumes and pride of the frenchemen are well abated, by 
 reasone of their iourney into Hungery and Turkey, they be so full of pride and brages 
 that they canne come to no good conclusion of any enterprise y they take in hande. 
 That is trewe, quod the duke, and that apered right well duryng the warre in the dayes 
 of the kynge my father, and of my brother the prince of Wales, for as than they coulde 
 
 neuer 
 
 " Buda. ^ Bajazet, ; Chapter CCXVIII. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. C83 
 
 neuer atayne to any lourney agaynst the Englysshemen, therfore I canne nat tell why 
 we shulde haue trewce with them : for if the wane were open, and by reason of our o-qocI 
 tytell togyther, we shulde nowe make them better warre than euer was made before, for 
 as nowe all the floure of chyualry of Fraunce is outlier taken or slayne, and the men of 
 Englande desyre to haue warre rather than peace, for they canne better lyue in warre 
 than peace, for in lyenge styll is none aduauntage : and I swere by god if I may lyue 
 two yere in good helth the warre shall be renewed ; I wyll nother spare for trewce, res- 
 pyte, nor assuraunce, for in tyme paste the Frenchemen haue kept no promesse with vs, 
 but haue falsely and craftely taken away the herytage of the duchy of Acquytayn, 
 whiclie was gyuen and delyuered by agrement o( good treatie of peace to the kyn<re my 
 father, whiche oftentymes I haue shewed to the counsayle of Fraunce, whan we met and 
 comuned togyther in the lionter of the marchesse of Calays ; but alwayes they florysshed 
 their entttes with so swete wordes, that myne opynion was nat regarded nor belyued, 
 nouther by the kynge my nephewe, nor by my bretherne ; but if there were a good heed 
 Icyiige of Englande, that desyred the warre as well as I do, and wolde put to his payne 
 to recouer his herytage, whiche craftely and lalsely hath been taken fro hym without 
 any good tytle of reasone, he shulde fynde in Englande a hundred thousande archers, 
 and syxe thousande men of amies redy apparelled to serue him and to passe the see, and 
 to put their goodes and lyues in aduenture in his seruyce ; but it is nat so, there is no 
 suche kynge in Englande as nowe that loueth any dedes of armes, if there were, he 
 ivolde shewe liymselfe in Fraunce ; there was neuer so good tyme to make warre in 
 Frauce as now, lor whosoeuer goeth nowe shal be fought withall, whiche is all the de- 
 syre that englysshmen haue in trust of wynnyng, as they had in tyme paste in the dayes 
 of good kynge Edwarde my father, and in my brothers dayes the prince of Wales ; I am 
 y yongest of all the bretherne of Englande, but if I may be beleued, I shall be the fyrste 
 y shall renewe the wane, and trust to recouer the wronges that the frenchmen haue 
 done to vs, and dayly do, and all by the symple slouthfulnesse that is amonge vs, and 
 specyaily our heed the kynge my nephue, who wyll nowe alye hymselfe by maryage to 
 the frenche kinges doughter ; this is no token that he wyll make warre, his eyen be to 
 heuy, he careth for nothyng but for meate and drinke, and reste, and dalyenge with 
 ladyes and damoselles; this is no lyfe for men of wane that wyll deserue to haue ho- 
 nour by prowes of dedes of armes ; yet I remembre me of the last iourney y I made into 
 Fraunce : I thynke I had in my company but two thousande speares, and eyght thousande 
 archers, and so passed the see, and entred into the realme of Fraunce fro Calayes, and 
 so wente a longe into the realme, and foude none to withstande me, nor none that durst 
 fyght with me ; in lykewyse so dyd syr Robert Canoll,^ and sir Hugh Caurell,'' and 
 Thomas of Grautsome, and syr Phylyppe Gyssarde:" and yet they had nat the nombre 
 that I had with me, and yet they were before Parys, and demaunded batayle of the 
 frenche kynge, but they coulde neuer be aunswered, nor founde any person that sayd 
 any thyng to them, and so they rode into Bretayne, and so alonge througli the realme 
 of Fraunce, fro Calais to Burdeaux, without hauynge of any batayle or rencountre ; but 
 I thynke surely who so wolde nowe make any suche iourney they shulde be ibught 
 withall, for he that calleth hymselfe kynge in Fraunce is yonge, bote, and of great 
 corage and enterprise ; he wolde surely fight, what ende so euer iell therof, and that is 
 tiie thynge we desyre, for we loue nothynge so Avell as to haue batayle, for without it be 
 by batayle and victory vpon the frenchemen, (who be ryche), els we shall haue no re- 
 couery, but suffre with the losse as we haue done euer sythe my nephewe was kyng of 
 Englande ; this thyng can nat longe endure in this estate, but at laste the realme of 
 Englande shall perceyue the mater and repente it, for the kyng taketh and shall take 
 
 4 S 2 and 
 
 « KnoUes. " Calverly. f Gifford. 
 
684 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 and reyse great tayles of y marchauntes, wher^vitU they be nat content, and yet they caa 
 nat tell where the good becometh ; thus the kynge enpouereth the realme of Englande, 
 and gyueth to one and other largely, and there as it is but yuell bestowed, and his 
 people byeth the bargayne, whiche shortely wyll growetoa rebellyon within the realme: 
 for the people begyn to clater and to munnure therat, sayeng, howe they wyll no leger 
 suffre nor beare it ; he sayeth to stoppe the peoples rumure that the trewce ones con- 
 cluded bytwene him and Fraunce, that than he wyll make a voyage into Irelande, and 
 enploye there his men of armes and archers, and there he hath ben hut with a small con- 
 quest, forlrelade is no lande of great conquest nor profyte; the people ther are but rude 
 and yuell, and a right poore countrey and inhabytable, and looke, what is wonne there 
 an one yere, is loste in another. Laquyngay, Laquyngay, quod the duke, all that I 
 haue sayde is of trouth. 
 
 Thus the duke of Gloucestre deuysed with his knyght with suche wordes and other, 
 as it was well knowen after ; he hated the kynge, and coulde speke no good worde of 
 him, and though he were with his brother the duke of Lacastre, as one of the greatest 
 rulers of the realme, he toke no care therof : and whan the kyng dyd sende for him he 
 Tvolde come at his pleasure, and sometyme nat a whyt; and whan he came to the kynge, 
 he wolde be the laste shulde come, and the first that wolde departe, and in counsayle 
 ivhat he had ones sayd of his opynion, he wolde haue it taken and accepted, els he wolde 
 be displeased, and somtyme take his leaue and departe to his maner in Essex, called 
 Plasshey, there was his chiefe abydynge : this duke was a great prince, and might well 
 spende by yere a threscore thousande ducates : he was duke of Gloucestre, erle of Essex 
 and of Buckingham, and constable of Englande ; he was of so marueylous condycyons, 
 that the kynge douted hym more than any other of his vncles, for in his wordes he wolde 
 nat spare nor forbeare the kynge. The kynge alwayes was humble and meke to hym, 
 and what so euer he wolde demaunde the kynge wolde graunte it hym: this duke had 
 caused in Englade to be done many cruell and hasty iugementes, for he had caused to be 
 beheeded withoute tytell of any good reasone, that noble knyght syr Symon Burle,^ and 
 dyuers other of the kynges counsayle, and chased out of Englande the archebysshop of 
 Yorke, and the duke of Irelande, bycause they were so nygh of the kinges counsayle, 
 and layde to their charge that they had counsayled the kynge wronge, and ledde hym 
 as they lyst, and had spente the reuenewes of Englande at their pleasures. This duke 
 had two bretherne, the duke of Lancastre, and the duke ( f Yorke : these two were eaer 
 about the kynge, wherat this duke of Gloucestre hadde great enuy, and wolde say to 
 dyuers, as to suche as he trusted, (as Robert bysshop of London, and to other, whan 
 they came to him to Plasshey) : Frendes, my two bretherne ouerchargeth greatly the 
 Icynges house : it were better they were at home at their owne houses : this duke by sub- 
 tyle couerte waves drewe to his acorde y londoners, for he ihouglit if he might be sure 
 of them, lie shulde sone haue all the rest of the realme to his acorde. This duke had a 
 nephue, sonne to the doughter of his elder brother, called Lyonell duke of Clarence, 
 Avhiche doughter was maryed into Lombardy, to the sonne of syr Galeas duke of Myl- 
 layne ; this duke Lyonell dyed in the cytie of Aste, in Piemounte ; so this duke of 
 Gloucestre wolde gladly haue sene his nephue, sonne to y doughter of the duke of Cla- 
 rence, called Johan erle of Marche, to haue ben kynge of Englande, and to haue had 
 his nephue kynge Rycharde deposed, for he sayd howe the kynge was nat worthy to 
 holde nor to gouerne the realme of Englande. This he wolde say to them that he 
 trusted, and he dyd so moch that he caused the erle of Marche to come to his house,, and 
 than and there he dyscouered to hym all his entent and secretuesse, and sayde: howe 
 
 he 
 
 " Burley. - 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 685 
 
 he had determyned to make hym kynge of Englande, and kyng Richarde to be put 
 downe, and his wyfe also, and to be kept in prison duryiige their lyues : and so be de- 
 syred efi'ectuously the erle to accept his oflre and good wyli, sayenge bowe he wolde do 
 the beste he coukle to bringe itaboute, and that he had of liis aci.rde and alyaunce the erle 
 of Arundell, and therle ot Warwyke, and dyuers other prelates and lordes of Englande. 
 The erle of Marche was sore abasshed whan he herde the duke his vncle speke suche 
 wordes ; iiowebeit, lyke a yonge man he dissymuled the in ,ter, and aunswered wysely, 
 to thentent to please the duke, and said : howe he wolde be glad to be ruled as he wolde 
 haue hym, but he sayd, he wolde be well aduysed or he accepted suche promesse to 
 sone, and wolde take therin aduyse and delyberacyon. And whan y duke of Glouces- 
 tre sawe the maner of the erle, than he desyred him to kepe the mater secrete. The 
 erle answered so he wolde do. Than therle departed as soue as he coudc, and so wente 
 into Irelande to his herytage, and after he wolde neuer entende to tbe dukes treatie, but 
 alwayes excused himselfe wysely, yet euer he kept the mater secrete, for he sawe well 
 the conclusyon shulde nat be good. 
 
 It was sayd howe the duke of Gloucestre sought all the wayes he coude to set a trou- 
 ble in Englande, and to styrre the londoners agaynst the kynge. So it was the same 
 yere tliat the truce was made bytwene Englande and Fraunce, to endure for thyrty yere, 
 and that the kynge was retourned agayne mto Englande with his yonge wyfe ; than the 
 duke of Gloucestre enfourmed the Londoners, and sayd: Syrs, make ye a request to 
 the kynge and it shall be reasonable : desyre, that seynge he hath peace with his enemyes, 
 that ye may be franke and fre fro all subsydies and aydes that hath ben graunted this 
 twenty yere past, affyrmyng howe they were nat graunted but durynge the seasone of 
 the warre : for ye syrs, (quod the duke), that be marchauntes are yuell entreated and 
 sore oppressed, to pay of euery hundred florens xiii ; and all these goodes are spent in 
 ydlenesse, in daijsynge, and makynge of feastes, and eatynge and drinkynge, and all 
 ye pay for, wherby ye be sore traueyled : and shewe you to the kynge howe ye wolde 
 that the realme of Englande shulde be gouerned acordinge to the auncyent customes, 
 and ye may say that whan the kyng hath any nede, or the realme, or for the honour ot 
 the coutrey, and for the defence therof, howe that ye wyll be redy to ayde it, in suche 
 wyse that the kyn2:e and his counsayle shall holde them content. Thus by the settynge 
 on of the duke of Gloucestre, the Londoners, and the counsayles of dyuers other cyties 
 and townes of Englande, assembled theym togyther, and on a daye came to Eltham, a 
 seuen myle fro London, where the kyng wa"s: and whan they came before the kynge, 
 they made a request of all these foresayd thynges, and wolde that it shulde haue ben 
 acomplysshed incontynent. And whan this request was made there was with the kynge 
 no mo of his vncles but two, the dukes of Lancastre and of Yorke. Than the kynge 
 charged the Duke of Lancastre to make theym an aunswere, and than the duke sayd to 
 them : syrs, the kynges pleasure is that ye departe home euery man to his owne, and 
 within a'raoneth assemble agayne togyder at London, or at Westmynster, and there the 
 kynge wyll be with his counsayle, and his nobles, prelates and other, and there they 
 wyll be redy to here your requestes, and loke what shall be thought necessary by his 
 counsayle, the kynge wyll graunt it you, in suche wyse that ye shall all be well con- 
 tente. This aunswere pleased many of them, but nat all, for there were some that were 
 of the opinyon of the duke of Gloucestre, who wolde haue had a shorter answere : but 
 the dukes of Lancastre and of Yorke apeased them with fayre swete wordes, and so they 
 departed for that tyme ; but for all that they left nat their pursute, so that the next 
 moneth after they assembled at Westmynster, there beynge the kynge with his counsayle: 
 and than there was present the duke of Gloucestre, who greatly enclyned to their de- 
 maundes, but at makinge of the aunswere he spake nat all that he thought in his hert, but 
 
 dissymuled 
 
6S6 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 dissymuled the mater, to the entent that the kyn2;e nor his bretherne shulde nat pre- 
 ceyue his niynde. Than the duke ofLancastre made the annswere to the londoners for 
 the kynge, and sayd : ye syrs of London and other, the kynge hath comaunded me to 
 gyue you a determynable answere to your requestes in his name and his counsayle, and 
 by the consent of other prelates and noble men of his realme. Sirs, ye knovve well to 
 the entent to eschewe all parelles and daun2;ers that myght come to this realme, there 
 was a generall graunt made by you and other of the good cyties and townes of Englande, 
 that there shulde be raysed a tayle on the state of marchaundyse, in maner and fourme 
 as it hath rynne nowe vpon a syxe yere, that was to paye of euery hundred, xiii ; and by 
 reason tlierof, the kynge graunted and sealed to you certayne fraunchesses, the whiche 
 he is nat in mynde to take fro you, but rather to encrease it dayly acordyng to your de- 
 sertes ; but where as ye nowe wolde repell agayne that ye ones wyliyngly agreed vnto 
 and graunted, therfore here openly he repelyth agayne all suche graces and grauntes 
 as he hath made to you before this tyme. Beholde here all these noble men and pre- 
 lates haue sworne and promessed to the kynge to ayde and sustayne all thynges lawfully 
 gyuen and graunted ; therfore, syrs, considre well that the state of the king is great and 
 chargeable, and if it augment in one maner it mynyssheth in another, for the rentes and 
 reuenewes turneth nat to the kynges profyte as moche as it hath doone in tyme paste : the 
 Icinge and his counsayle hath ben at great coste and charge sythe the warres renewed 
 bytwene Englande and Fraunce, and great charge it hath been to the kynge for suche 
 ambassadours as haue treated bytwene the parties, as well here as beyonde the see ; also 
 the pursuynge of the kynges maryage hath coste gret goodes : and though there be 
 nowe peace bytwene the realmes, yet the charge is great of kepynge of the garysons in 
 townes and castelles, beynge vnder the kynges obeysaunce as well in Gascoyne, Burde- 
 loys, Bayonois, Bygore, and the marches of Gyan and Calays ; also in kepyng the see 
 and the portes and hauens of Englande : in lykewyse it is chargeable the kepyng of the 
 fronters of Scollande, whiche may nat be vnprouyded, and also the marchesse of Ire- 
 lande: all these thynges and other consernynge the kynges estate and honour of the 
 realme draweth yerely great coste and charge, whiche is farre better knowen by the 
 noble men of 5' realme than by any of you that medeleth but with your marchaundyse. 
 Thanke god, sirs, that ye be thus in peace, and take hede that none paye without he be 
 worthy and occupye the feate of marchaundyse, and as well payeth the straungers as ye 
 do; ye be at a freer marte than they of Fraunce or Lombardy, or other realmes whyther 
 as youre marchaundyse repayrelh, for they be tayled and retayled agayne two or thre 
 tymes in a yere, and ye passe by a reasonable ordynaunce sette and assessed vpon your 
 marchaundyse. 
 
 These wordes or suche lyke spoken by the duke of Lancastre apeased greatly the 
 people, who were sette to do yuell, by the settynge on of other. Thus they departed 
 at y tyme without any other thynge doynge, and the nioste parte of theym were well 
 content ; and suche as wolde the contrary made no semblante therof at that tyme. The 
 duke of Gloucestre retourned to his maner of Plasshey, and he sawe well as at that 
 tyme he coulde nat brynge his purpose to passe, but styll he studyed howe to make 
 trouble in Englande, and to fynde the wayes howe to renewe the warre in Fraunce: 
 and he had of his acorde his wyfes vncle, the Erie of Arundell, who desyred nothynge 
 but warre, and they had doone so moche that they had drawen to their acorde the erle 
 of Warwyke. 
 
 The kinge of Englande had two bretherne by his mother, one called Thomas Erie of 
 Kente, and the secoude sir Johan of Holande, a valyaunt knyght, who had to his wyfe 
 the doughter of the duke of Lacastre: he was erle of Huntyngdon and chamberlayne 
 
 with 
 
THE GRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 687 
 
 with the kynge ; It was he that slewe the sonne of Rycharde eile of stafforde, as ye haue 
 herde here before in this hystorie. The sayde Rycharde erle of Stafforde had a squyer 
 to his sonne, who was with the duke of Gloucestre. Tliis erle of Huntyngdon moste 
 comonly was cuer in the courte with the kynge his brother, and he knewe more of the 
 dealynge of the duke of Ghiucestre than any other dyd, for couertely and wysely he 
 made enquery, and also he douted greatly the duke, for he knewe he was fell and so- 
 dayne, and hyghe myndcd, and sawe howe he kept his eneniye aboute liym, for the 
 dethe of the yonge .Staffoide : and the peace therof was neuer made, but the grudge 
 therof contynued styll. The kyngc loued well his brother, and bare him against euery 
 man ; and the kynge sawe well howe his vncle the duke of Gloucestre was euer contrary 
 to hym, and was eucr about to conspyre agaynst him, and to styrre the realme to rebel- 
 lyon : so the kynge and his brother of Holande wolde oftentymes comune togyther. 
 The same seasone the frenche kyng had sent the erle of saynt Powle into Englande to 
 se the kyng and his doughter the quene, and to norisshe loue, for the truce was made 
 in suche maner and codycion, that their subgiettes myght repayre eche to other, in dys- 
 pyte of all their yuell wyllcrs. The kynge and the erle of Huntyngdon made them 
 good chere, as well for the honoure of the Frenche kynge, as for that he had Avedded 
 their suster. At that tyme the Dukes of Lancastre nor of yorke were nat with the 
 kynge, for they began somwhat to dissymule, for they sawe well that the people in 
 Englande beganne to murmure in dyuers places on the stale and rewle that the kynge 
 kept, and that the maters were lykely to go yuell : they thought they wolde nat be at 
 the kinges comaundement nor at the peoples : and all this came by reasone of the duke 
 of Gloucestre and his company. The kyn^e of Englande spared nat to shewe therle 
 of saint Powle the state that Englande stode in, and howe he founde alwayes his vncle 
 the duke of Gloucestre harde and rebell agaynst hym, and shewed hym all thynge y 
 he knewe. Whan the erle of saynt powle'herde the kynge say in that wyse, he had 
 great marueyle therof, and sayde howe it ought nat to be suffred, and sayd : Syr, if ye 
 suffre this, they wyll dystroy you : it is sayd in Frauce howe the duke of Gloucestre 
 entendeth to nothynge, but to breake the peace and to renewe the warre agayne, and 
 that lytell and litell he draweth the heries of yonge men of the realme to his parte, for 
 they desyre rather warre than peace ; so that the auncyent Avyse men, if the warre be- 
 ganne to styrre, they shulde nat be herde nor beleued, for reason, right, nor iustyce 
 hath no place nor audyence where as yuell reygneth ; therfbre prouyde therfore rather' 
 betymes than to late ; it Avere better ye had theym in daunger than they you. These 
 wordes of the erle of saynte Powle entered greatly into the kynges hert, and made hym 
 sore to muse ; and after that the erle of saynt Powle was retourned into Fraunce, y kyng 
 of Englande shewed all this mater to his brother the erle of Huntyngdon, who said to 
 the kynge: Syr, my fayre brother of saynt Powle hath shewed you the trouth, therfore 
 take good aduyse in this mater. 
 
 And as I was enfourmed, aboute a moneth after that the erle of saynte Powle had ben 
 in Englande and retourned into Fraunce, a paryllous fame and renome ranne vpon the 
 kynge in Englande, and in a maner there was a generall brewte that the erle ol saynt 
 Powles comynge into Englande was to treate with the kynge, that the frenchemen myght 
 haue Calayes into their handes: this brute greatly troubled and moued the people in 
 Englade, in so moche that certayne of London roode to Plasshey to the duke of Glou- 
 cestre, and shewed hym of that matter. The duke apeased nut their wordes, but rather 
 augmented it more and more, sayenge : hoAve he coulde nat do therwith, but sayd, he was 
 sure that the frechemen wolcfe it hadde coste theym all their kynges doughters, so that 
 they might haue Calais at their pleasure. This answere set the Londoners afyre, and 
 sayde, howe they wolde speke with the kynge, and shewe hym howe the realme was 
 
 nat 
 
688 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART, 
 
 nat cotent. Well, quod the duke, shewe it hym in good maner, and make doute that 
 the people wyll nat be coiitente ; and marke well what answere he maketh, and shewe 
 me therof the nexte tyme I speke with you, and thervpon I shall gyue you counsayle 
 v'hat ye shall do farther. It maye well be that there be some false traytours coun- 
 sayleth the Kynge to the same. There is the erle Marshall, who is Capytayne of 
 Calays, who hath been two tymes in Frauce and taryed at Parys, and he was one of the 
 chiefs procurers in the treatie for the kynges maryage with the doughter of Fraunce ; 
 and these Frenchemen are ryght subtyle, and can driue their purpose afarre of, and 
 lytell and lytell pursue their ententes, and wyll gyue largely to bringe about their 
 purpose. 
 
 Accordynge to the dukes counsayle, the Londoners on a daye wente to Eltham to the 
 kynge, at whiche tyme there was the kynges two bretherne, the erle of Kent and therle 
 of Huntyngdon, the erle of Salisbury, and the archebysshoppes of Cauterbury and of 
 Duuelyn" his confessour, the lorde Thomas Percy, the lorde Lysle, Richarde Credon, 
 Johan Goulofer, and dyuers other knyghtes of the kynges chambre. There these lon- 
 doners right wisely shewed the kynge their ententes in a meke huble maner, and sayde, 
 howe the brute ranne that the kynge was about to delyuer vp Calais into the Frenche- 
 mennes handes. The kyng had great niarueile of these newes, for it touched hym nere 
 to the hert ; but right sagely he dissymuled the mater for that tyme, and apesed the 
 Londoners, and sayd, howe all that noise was wronge, for it was nothyng so ; but for 
 trouthe, he said the erle of saynt Poule was come into Englande for none other entente 
 but to sporte hym, and was sent thider by the Frenche kynge, to se hym and the quene 
 his wyfe : other marchaundyse, the kynge sayde, there was none bytwene them, and that 
 the kynge sware, by the fay the that he owed to god and to<the crowne of Englade, and 
 said howe he had great marueyle, wherof suche wordes shulde ryse. Thane the erle 
 of Salisbury sayde : Sirs, ye good men of London, go home to youre houses, and be 
 well assured that the kynge and his counsayle wyll do nor entende to do any thynge 
 but that that shal be for the honour and profile of this his realme of Englande; and 
 whosoeuer hath fyrst brought vp these wordes are yuell cousayled, and shewe well 
 howe they wolde gladly haue this realme in trouble, and to haue the people to ryse 
 agaynst the kyng, whiche thynge ye of London ought to feare, for by reasone of the 
 laste rebellyon ye were in great paryll to haue been all vtterly dystroyed : for whan 
 yuell people be vp and gouerne, iustyce nor reason than hath no place. Those wordes 
 apeased greatly the Londoners, and were contented with the kynges answere, and so 
 retourned to the cytie of London ; and the kynge taryed at Eltham ryght pensyue and 
 full of displeasure, by reason of the wordes that he had herde, and had stylle about 
 hym his two bretherne and other suche as he trusted beste, for he thought hymselfe 
 natte well assured amonge his vncles ; for he sawe well howe they absented theymselfe 
 fro his courte, and kepte them at home at their owne houses, so that he was halfe in 
 doute of them, and specially of the duke of Gloucestre, and so kepte dayly aboute hym 
 a garde of a thousande archers. 
 
 Yt was enformed the kynge of Englande of a suretie, that his vncle y duke of Glou- 
 cestre and the Erie of Arundell purposed with puissaunce of people to take the kyng 
 and the yong quene and to putte them into a castell, there to be kepte surely in an 
 honest maner with meate and drinke and other necessaries ; and also, howe there shulde 
 be set four gouernours in the realme, as the duke of Lancastre and the duke of yorke, 
 to rewle fro the Temmys northwarde vnto the ryuers of Hubre and Thyne, and of 
 
 Thgy, 
 
 ■ . ' Dublin. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 689 
 
 Thay," ronnyng by the cytie of Warwyke,'' comprehendynge all the signories of Nor- 
 thumberlande and the boundes of Scotlande ; and the duke of Gloucestre had all the rule 
 of Lodon and of the londoners, and of Essexe, coprehendyng all the boundes of ihe see, 
 and thider where as the ryuer of Hubre entereth into the see, and also of :ill the portes 
 and hauyns aboue London to Hampton and to Cornwall ; and the erle of Arundell he to 
 haue the rule of the landes mouynge fro London bytwene Sussexe and Kent, Arundell, 
 Surrey, Deuonshyre, and harkeshyre, and of all the hole signories bytwene the ryuer of 
 Thamyse and Bristowe and the ryuer of Syuerne, whiche departeth Englande and 
 Wales: and they shall holde and do iustyce and reason to euery man ; but their enten- 
 cyons is, if they can fynde any reasonable waye to moue agayne and to renewe the 
 warre bytwene Englande and Fraunce, and that if y Freche kyng wolde haue agayne 
 his doughter, he shulde: for sithe she is but eight yeres of age, paradueture whan she 
 Cometh to xii. yeres she may repente her and refuce her mnriage, bycause she was ma- 
 ryed in her youth ; and also it was no reason to dismary her fro the heyre of Bretaygne, 
 as it was promised ; and if whan she cometh to perfyte age that she wyll nat refuce her 
 maryage, than she must abyde by right styll queue of Englade, and to haue her dowrye, 
 but in no wyse she shulde be crowned Q^uene ; and that if the kynge dyed or she came 
 to laufull age, than they purpose to sende her agayne into Frauce to her father. This 
 was shewed to y king, for suche wordes were spoken by dyuers Englysshemen, and spe- 
 cially by the londoners, who coude nat loue the kynge : and they repented them, that 
 whan the comons of Sussexe, Kent, and Essexe were vp,^ and came to London, in that 
 they dyde breake their purpose, for as some of them cofessed, they were in mynde to 
 haue slayne the kyng, the erle of Salisbury, the erle of Oxenforde, and all the kynges 
 counsayle; and if they hadde so done by meanes of the rebellyon, the londoners thane 
 shulde soone haue made a newe heed, and by meanes of the duke of Gloucestre, to haue 
 founde some person to haue had the crowne and gouernynge of the realme, and therby 
 to haue brought the realme into a better case thaiie it was in as than. Thus the lon- 
 doners and suche other of their secte dayly murmured and had many secrete cousayls : 
 all this the kynge was enformed of, and moost faute was layde vpon the duke of Glou- 
 cestre. 
 
 King Richarde was abasshed oftentymes whan he herde and sawe suche couert hate 
 and yuell wyll borne against hym : alwayes he made louynge county naunce to his vncle 
 of Gloucestre and to the lodoners, but it aueyled hym nothyng. On a daye the kynge 
 sayd to his other two vncles, of Lancastre and of yorke: Sirs, on goddes name I requyre 
 you to gyue me your aduise and cousayls: I am dayly enformed of a suretie, that your 
 brother" myne vncle of Gloucestre, the erle of Arundell, and their complyces, are 
 mynded to take me perforce, by the agrement of the londoners, and purpose to close 
 me in a castell, and to order my fyndynge by certayne porcion, and my wyfes in lyke- 
 wise, who is but yonge, and to seperate her fro me, and to kepe her estate in another 
 place. Fayre vncles, this is a cruell maner, and it ought nat to be suffred, as long as I 
 maye withstand it: ye haue doone me homage and sworne to be trewe to me in the pre- 
 sence of kynge Edwarde of good memorie my grautfather, at whiche tyme all the great 
 prelates and lordes of this realme sware to kepe and maynteyn me as their kynge a xx. 
 yere paste ; wherfore, fayre vncles, for loue and charyte, and by the othe and promyse 
 that ye haue made, counsayle me trewly, as ye are bounde to do; for as farre as I can 
 ymagin, myne vncle of glocestre entedeth on none other thing but how he might renewe 
 agayne the warre bitwene Englande and Fraunce, and to breake the peace whiche we 
 haue confyrmed, bothe you and all other of the realme, by sweryng and sealyng: and 
 
 VoL.iL 4T ^y 
 
 f Tweed. " BerwicL 
 
690 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 by the same composycion I am ioyned in maryage to y doughter of Frauce without 
 thynkyng of any yuell : and ye knowe well, that whosoeuer dothe contrary to y he 
 is sworne vnto and hath sealed to the same, and so proued, dothe yuell and ought to be 
 punisshed therfore bothe in body and goodes ; and also ye knowe well y I forbeare myne 
 vncle of Gloucestre as nioche as I may do, and take no regarde to thretnyng, whiche 
 myght cost me derely. Vncles, ye are bounde to cousaile me, sithe I demaunde it with 
 reason. And whan they herde the kyng speke thus, and sawe well howe the mater 
 sore troubled his mynde and that it touched hym nere, and also they knew well moche 
 of his sayenge was trewe, theysayd: Sir, suffre and lette the tyme ryn and passe; we 
 knowe well our brother of Glocestre hath the moost paryllous heed and brayne of any 
 manne in Englande ; but we knowe well he can do no more than a man maye do ; if he 
 buylde on the one syde we shall buylde on the other; as long as ye wyll be ordred by 
 our cousaile, ye shall nat nede to care for our brother; he saythe oftentymes many 
 thynges wherof foloweth none effecte : he all alone nor they of his counsayle canne nat 
 breke the peace that is taken, nor can nat enclose you in any castell; we shall neuer 
 suffre that, nor to be seperated fro your wyfe, for if he saye so and thinke it, he is foule 
 abused; therfore, sir, we humbly beseche you to apeace youreselfe; euery thyng shall 
 turne well with goddes grace: all that a man speketh cometh nat to effecte, nor all that 
 he sayth oftentymes he can nat accoplysshe. Thus the dukes of Lacastre and yorke 
 apeased their nephewe kynge Richarde. 
 
 These two clukes sawe well that the busynesse of Englande began to be yuell, and 
 parceyued that gret hatered encreased dayly bytwene the kyng and the duke of Glo- 
 cestre ; and to thentent that they wolde nat entremedell bytwene them, they departed 
 fro the kynges court with all their company and seruauntes, and so toke their leaue of 
 y kyng for a tyme, and went to their owne ; and the duke of Lancastre toke with hym 
 his wyfe, the lady Katheryn Ruet, who hadde ben in company with the yong queue of 
 Englande, and went a huntyng of y dere, as the vsage is in Englande, and the kynge 
 taryed about London ; but afterwarde the kynges vncles repented them that they de- 
 parted out of y courte, for there fell afterwarde suche maters in Englande, that all y 
 realme was in trouble, the whiche had nat so fortuned if they had ben about the kynge, 
 for they wolde haue founde other prouisyon for y mater than they dyde that counsayled 
 the kyng. There were none of the kynges seruauntes but that greatly douted the duke 
 of Gloucestre, and wolde gladly that he had ben deed, they had nat cared howe. The 
 gentyll knight sir Thomas Percy had ben long souerayne squyer of the kynges house 
 (that is in Frauce mayster and seneschal!), for all the state, of the kynge passed throughe 
 his handes. He than cosydring the great hatereddes y encresed bitwene the kyng and 
 his vncle of Glocestre, and among other great lordes of Englande, with whom he was 
 >vel beloued, like a sage knight he ymagined that the conclusyons coude nat be good ; 
 tha he gaue vp his offyce as honorably as he coulde, and tooke leaue of the kynge, and 
 the kynge gaue hym leaue full sore agaynst his wyll ; howebeit, he made suche excusa- 
 cions, that he departed and another set in his offyce. The kyng had as than but yonge 
 counsayle about hym, and they greatly douted tbe duke of Gloucestre, and oftentymes 
 ■wolde saye to the kynge: Ryght dere sir, it is a perylous thyng to serue you, for we 
 haue sene suche as haue serued you in tymes paste, and suche as were ryght synguler in 
 your fauoure, yet they haue had I)ut small guerdone. Sir Symon Burle,"* who was a 
 sage valyaunt knight, and in good fauoure with my lorde your father, whome god par- 
 done, he had great payne and traueyle for your fyrst maryage: yet your vncle the duke 
 of Gloucestour caused hym to dye shamefully, his heed to be stryken of lyke a tray tour 
 
 befor? 
 
 ' JJurley. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 691 
 
 before all the worlde, with dyuers other that he hath put to dethe, as ye knowe well : 
 for all the puissaunce that ye were of ye coiide nat saue them ; and, sir, we that sarue 
 you nowe, looke for the same rcwarde : for whan your vncle cometh to you, the whiche 
 is nat often, we dare nat lylte vp our eyen to loke vpon any persone, he loketh so hye 
 ouer vs ; he thynketh we do hym moche wrog that we be so nere about you as we be; 
 wherfore, sir, knowe for trouthey as long as he liueth there shall be no peace in Eng- 
 lande, nor ye shall do no ma good ; also he thretneth you and your wife to close you vp 
 in a castell, and there to be holden vnder subiection, and to lyue by porcion. Sir, ye 
 be a kyng lost if ye take nat good hede to yourself : as for your wife nedeth nat to care, 
 she is yong, and doughter to the frenche kynge ; they dare nat displease her, for moche 
 yuell might come therby in Englade. Your vncle of Gloucestre, to thentent to make 
 you to be behated with your people, hath sowen dyuers sclaudorous wordes vpon you 
 throughout Lodon and in other places, sayeng: howe ye be nat worthy to beare y crowne 
 nor to holde so noble an herytage as is y realme of Englande, sythe ye haue taken to 
 your wyfe the doughter of the frenche kyng your aduersary: wherby he saythe ye 
 haue greatly febled the signorie and realme of Englande, and hath sore discoraged the 
 hertes of the noble valyant knightes and squiers of the realme, who haue alwayes va- 
 lyantly cotynued the warre, and yet wolde do. Thus they saye that ye haue brought 
 the realme in great paryll and aduenture to be lost, affyrmyng, howe it is pytie that ye 
 haue been sunred to contynue so long as ye haue done ; also the Frenchemen bruteth 
 that ye wyll put out of your armes tharmes of Frauce, wherwith the people are nat 
 content, and hateth you therfore ; and they thynke it trewe, bycause ye were so redy 
 and gladde to take a truce, they thynke more rather by force than by loue, for the noble 
 men of y realme, who haue serued and maynteyned the warres, neuer agreed therto ; 
 also they saye, that ye haue nat dilygently reuisyted nor ouersene the letters patentes, 
 gyuen, accorded, sworne and sealed by kyng Johan, somtyme frenche kyng, and by his 
 sonnes, the whiche graut his children lyueng was nothyng vpholden but craftely broken: 
 and the Frenchmen founde cautels and subtelties by wrongefuU wayes to renewe agayne 
 y warre, and therby toke and usurped all the right that your predecessurs had in that 
 quarell, and hath wonne therby landes and countreis in Acquitany, with cyties, cas- 
 telles, and townes ; and all this, they saye, ye take no hede of, but haue loste it tho- 
 roughe your neglygence, and hath shewed but poore corage, and that ye doute your 
 ennemyes, and haue nat pursued the accydentes of the mater, and the good and iuste 
 quarell that ye had and as yet haue, the whiche quarell your predecessours had as 
 longe as they lyued: first my lorde your father, y prince of Wales and of Acquytayne, 
 and also good kyng Edwarde your grautfather, who toke great payne and dilygence to 
 augment their signories. Thus, sir, the londoners saye, and so clothe other, that a day 
 shall come that ye shall repent you ; therfore, sir, we can no lengar hyde these wordea 
 fro you, for they be daylye renewed. 
 
 4X2 • Howe 
 
692 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 Howe the duke of Glocestre was taken by the erle marshall, hy the comaundement of 
 
 the kyng. 
 
 CAP. CCXXIII." 
 
 KING Richarde of Englad noted well these sayd wordes, y which was shewed hynj 
 in secretnesse, and lyke an ymaginatyfe price as he was, within a season alter that his 
 vncles of Lacastre and of yorke were departed out of the courte, than the kynge toke 
 more hardynesse on hym, and said to hymselfe: That fyrste it were better for hym to 
 distroye another rather than another shulde distroye hym, thynkynge that shorteiy he 
 wolde haue his vncle of Glocestre in suche case, that he wolde be assured of hym that he 
 shulde do hym no displeasure after : and bycause he coulde nat bring about his purpose 
 alone, he dyscouered his mynde to such as he trusted best, as to therle marshall his 
 cosyn erle of Notyngham, and shewed hym his full mynde what he wolde do and haue 
 to be doone. The erle marshall (who loued the kyng better than the duke of Glocestre 
 dyde) kept the kynges purpose secrete, sauig to suche as he wolde be ayded by, for he 
 coude nat do y kynges pleasure alone. On a day the kyng in maner as goyng a hiatynge, 
 he rode to Haueryng Boure, a xx. myle fro London in Essexe, and within xx. myleof 
 Plasshey, where the duke of Gloucestre helde his house : after dyner the kyng departed 
 fro haueryng with a small copany, and cae to Plasshey about v. a clocke ; y weder was 
 fayre and hote ; so the kyng cae sodainly thyder about the tyme that the duke of Glou- 
 cestre had supped, for he was but a small eater, nor satte neuer long at dyner nor at 
 supper. Wha he herde of the kynges comynge, he went to mete with hym in the 
 myddes of the court, and so dyde the duchesse and her chyldren, and they welcomed 
 the kynge, and the kyng entred into the hall, and so into a chambre: tha a borde was 
 spredde for the kynges supper: the kynge satte nat longe, and sayd at his fyrst com- 
 myng: Fayre vncle, cause fyue or sixe horses of yours to be sadylled, for I wyll praye 
 you to ryde with me to London: for to morowe the londoners wyll be before vs, and 
 there wyll be also myne vncles of Lacastre and yorke, with dyuers other noble men : 
 for vpon the londoners requestes I wyll be ordred accordyng to your counsayle, and 
 comaunde your stCAvarde to folowe you with your trayne to lodon, where they shall 
 fynde you. The duke, who thought none yuell, lightly agreed to }' kynge ; and whan 
 the kyng had supped and rysen, euery thynge was redy: the kynge than toke leaue of 
 the duchesse and of her children, and lepte a horsebacke and f' duke with hym, accom- 
 panyed all onely but with seuyn seruauntes, thre squyers and foure yeomen, and tooke 
 the^waye of Bondelay, to take the playne waye, and to eschewe Bredwode and London 
 comon hyghe waye : so they rode a great pace, and talked by the way with his vncle 
 and he with hym, and so aproched to Stratforde on the ryuer of Thamise. Whan the 
 kyng came nere to the busshment that he had layde, than he rode fro his vncle a great 
 pace, and lefte hym somwhat behynde hym ; than sodaynly the erle ISLirshall with his 
 bande came galopyng after the duke, and ouertoke hym and saide : Sir, I arest you in 
 the kynges name. The duke was abasshed with that worde, and sawe well he was be- 
 trayed, and began to call loude after y kyng: I can nat tell wheder the kyng herde hym 
 or nat, but he turned nat, but rode forthe rather faster than he dyde before. 
 
 Nowe lette vs leaue spekyng of this matter for a season, tyll we retourne therto 
 agayne. 
 
 Ye 
 
 ', Chapter CCXIX. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 693 
 
 Ye haue herde here before in this historie hovve sir John of Castell niorant and sir 
 Jaques of Heliey were sente into Turkey to Lamorabaquy/ fro the frenche kyng and 
 fro the duke of Burgoyne, and howe they had spedde. Whan they were retourned 
 into Fraunce they were welcome to the kyng and to the duke of Burgoyne, and to the 
 duches, bicause they brought certayne tidynges fro the erle of Neuers, and fro the 
 lordes that were there with hym. They said to the kyng, howe they trusted that 
 Lamorabaquy" wolde gladly treat for their rausoms ; and y they sayd they knewe by 
 some y were of his priuye cousayle, for they feare lest they shulde dye in prisone, by- 
 cause they be out of their owne naturall ayre, and the Turkes thynke that by their dely- 
 uerauce they shuld haue great fynaunce for their raunsome. By reason of these wordes 
 the kynge, the duke of Burgoyne, and the duchesse his wyfe studyed nyght and day 
 howe and by what meanes they might haue their sonne and heyre delyuered, and sayde 
 oftentymes that the iourney and siege before Nicopoly had cost them ouer moche, for 
 therby they hadde deed thre bretherne, bastarde knyghtes, valyaunt men, whom they 
 entierly loued. The fyrst, the Hasell of Flaunders ; the seconde, sir Loyes of Briese ; 
 and the thyrde, sir Johan of Ipre. There was another, the yongest, who was styll at 
 home. To saye the trouthe, y duches of Burgoyne, coutesse of Flaunders, studyed on 
 her syde howe to delyuer her sonne ; and so moche they studyed, that at laste they 
 founde the meanes to agre with the turkes with moche payne ; but that was nat sodaynly 
 done, for the mater was suche that it requyred great leysar, and to be gote lytell and 
 
 In this same season, in the cytie of Bursa, in Turkey, dyed y gentyll knyght Frauces 
 Anguerant, lorde of Coucy, erle of Soisons, he was a great lorde m Fraunce ; as 
 sir Robert of Deane (who was sent by the lady of Coucy) was goyng to hym warde, he 
 herde by the waye howe he was deed, and that he herd at Vyen in Austriche -^ and so 
 he returned into Fraunce, and shewed this to certayne of the lorde Coucies lynage, 
 but nat to the good lady his wyfe, vntyll suche tyme as the chatellayne of saynt Gou- 
 bayncAvas sent to fetche his deed body enbaulmed into Frauce, to be buryed in thabbey 
 of Nogent besyde Coucy, and there he was receyued by the duchesse of Bare and the 
 bysshop of Laon, and by dyuers other abbottes ; and there this getyll knight was bu- 
 ryed, in the yere of grace a thousade thre hundred fourscore and seuyntene. 
 
 Ye maye well knowe that the Frenche kyng and the duke of Burgoyn alwayes yma- 
 gyned howe to gette their frendes out of prison in Turkey. Sir Dyne of Respode was 
 alwayes in their cousayls, and he sayd euer that the marchautes, venisyas, and geno- 
 wayes myght well helpe and ayde in that busynesse, for he sayd, marchauntes myght go 
 whider they lyst, and by them myght well be knowen the dealyng of the turkes and 
 tartaries with y portes and passages of the kynges, soudans and miscreantes, and specially 
 they resorted to Quaire,' to Alexandre, to^Damas," to Antyoche, and into the great 
 puissaunt cyties of the Sarazins ; dayly they passe and repasse, and daylye marchauntgs 
 christened hath entrecours with the sarazins, and exchaunge one with another their 
 marchaundyse. So the frenche kynge and the duke of Burgoyne sought all the frendes 
 and meanes they coulde gette to forther them, and as than hadde no desyre to make 
 warre vpon the duke of Myllayne, bycause they vnderstode that he was gret with La- 
 morabaquy.' On the other syde, kyng James of Cypre thought well he shulde haue 
 great thanke of the Frenche kyng and of the duke of Burgoyne, if he myght asswage 
 the furour of Lamorabaquy,' and bringe hym to some good resonable poynt for the re- 
 demynge of the lordes of Fraunce, suche as he had in prisone ; and to please them, the 
 kynge of Cypre caused a shyppe to be made of fine golde, right noble and nche, of y 
 
 • Bajazet. ^ Vienna in Austria. ! Cairo. t Damascus. 
 
C94 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 value well to the some of tenne thousande ducates, whiche shyppe he sente to Lamora- 
 baquy" by his owne knij^htes : this shyppe was so goodlye and fayre, that it was great ioye 
 to beholde it, the whiche gylte the soudan toke in gree, and sente agayne to the kynge 
 of Cypre the double in value therof. All this was anone knowen in Frauce by 
 marchauntes y wrote therof to Dyne of Responde, to the entente that he shulde 
 shewe it to the Frenche kyng and to the duke of Burgoyn, to haue a thanke of the 
 kynge. 
 
 This kyng of Cypre had good cause thus to do, for he was in doute of y frenche 
 kynges displeasure, bicause he caused to be slayne and murdered by night his brother 
 the valyaunt kynge Peter, who dyde moche trouble to the Sarazins, and toke Saptalye 
 and Alexandre. The Sarazins douted hym more than any other kyng or emperour 
 christened, bicause of his valyatnesse, of the whiche dede this sayde kynge James sore 
 repented hymselfe, and knewe well he had done yuell ; and after the same dede he 
 fledde out of Cypre, or els the Christen men wolde haue slayne hym : so he entred into 
 a galley of Gene,'' beyng at the porte of Nicopossie," and so wente to Genes,'' and the 
 genowayes receyued hym : and some said, that he dyde that foule murdre by the entyse- 
 ment of the genoways, for anone after the genouois came with puissaunce of men of 
 warre and galyes, and toke the cytie of Famagous'' and the porte, and kepte it with 
 puyssaunce. 
 
 This kynge of Cypre had a fayre yonge sonne. The Cyprience crowned this chylde 
 kynge, and after his crownyng he lyued nat long, but dyed soone after ; and after his 
 dethe the genouois with great puyssauce brought this Jaques into Cypre and crowned 
 hym kyng, and so he reigned kyng of Cypre ; and the genowayes alwayes susteyned hym 
 agaynst all men, but they wolde neuer rendre vp the Cytie of Famagous'' nor the porte, 
 but helde it styll at the tyme that y auctour wrot this hystorle ; and to saye the trouthe, if 
 the genowayes had nat had it, the Turkes had wonne it longe before and all the realme of 
 Cipre, and had brought it into their obeysauce, and by all lykelyhode had subdued the 
 ysles of Rodes, and all other yles enclosed in the see to Venyce, but alwayes the geno- 
 ways and venisyas resysted them ; and whan they savve that the turkes had wonne the 
 realme of Armony," than they toke the strong towne of Corque in Hermyne' on the see 
 syde, and so helde it, so that and it had nat ben for dout of the passage and straytes of 
 Corque' and of Xere^ before Costantyne the noble, the turkes had sore entred into Chris- 
 tendome, and vpon the border of the see, the whiche shulde haue been great preiudyce 
 to the ysle of Rodes and to the ysles adioynyng. Thus by these meanes the fronters of 
 Christendome Avere kepte and defended. 
 
 Nowe let vs retourne to our purpose. 
 
 This kyng Jaques of Cyper, who knewe hymselfe gylty of the deth of the kynge his; 
 brother, wherby he had the hatred of all other crysten kynges, therfore he dyd as 
 moche as he coude do to get agayne their loue and fauour, and tooke it for a great ho- 
 noure that the frenche kynge wrote fyrst to hym, for he douted him most of all, and so 
 he had cause: for the duke of Burbone, by ryght successyon of the lynageof Lusygnan, 
 ought to be kynge there and his heyres, for thoughe this kynge Jaques was brother to 
 tiie kyng Peter ot Cyper, yet he had no ryght to the crowne, for he was but a bastarde ; 
 and all this knewe ryght well the genouoys, so that whan he was made kynge, there was 
 made a great alyaunce bytwene them, confermed nat to be broken, and the genouoys to 
 defede and kepe him and his heyres agaynst all other : and therby they atteygned great 
 
 sygnories 
 
 ■ Bajazet, f" Genoa. ' Nicosia, '' Famagusta. ' Armenia 
 
 * Courch in Armenia. s Pera, 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. G95 
 
 sygnories and fraunchesses in the lealme of Ciper ; and all that euer they dyd to the 
 exaltynge of this Jaques, kynge of Cyper, was alwayes for their owne chiefe auauntage, 
 and to be stronge against the venycians, and to haunte and excrcyse their feate of mar- 
 chaundyse into°the"Sarazyns landes. This kinge Jaques as longe as he lyued dyd what 
 he coulde to please the Frenche kynge, by the meanes of the genouoys, for they wolde 
 in no wyse dysplease hym : and therfore the same season tliis kynge Jaques ordeyned 
 this shyppe of golde to presente Lamorabaquy/ to haue loue and acquayntaiiice with 
 him : whiche gyft was ioyfully receyued and moch praysed with the turkes, and it was 
 thought that the lorde Dyne of Responde was meanes therof, and wrote therin to the 
 genouoys, for in this manerand otherwayes he laboured all tiiat he myght for the dely- 
 ueraunce of the erle of Neuers and of the other lordes of Fraunce. 
 
 Whan the duke of Burgoyne and the duchesse his wyfe sawe that Lamorabaquy' 
 began to fall to treatie for the crysten prisoners, the newes therof was greatly to their 
 pleasure, and apoynted a snge valyaunt knyght of the countie of Flaunders, called syr 
 Gylberte of Linrenghen, wlio was souerayne of Flaunders vnder the duke and duchesse; 
 and than they sent for syr Jaques of Helley, bycause he knewe the wayes and passages, 
 and desyred hym to acompany syr Gylberte to treate with Lamorabaquy' for the dely- 
 ueraunce of the crysten prisoners, and promysed hym that his payne shulde be well 
 consydred and rewarded. Syr Jaques promysed them so to do: so these two knyghtes 
 departed, and rode so longe that they came into the realme of Hungery, and so drewe 
 to the kynge, for they had letters to hym. The kyng receyued them ioyously for 
 loue of the frenche kynge, and also he knewe well syr Jaques of Helley: there they 
 shewed the kyng the cause of their comynge out of Fraunce, and howe they were sente 
 into Turkey to treate for the delyueraunce of the erle of Neuers and the other lordes of 
 Fraiice, if Lamorabaquy^ wolde gyue them the herynge. The kynge sayde it was well 
 done to redeme them if they myght be put to raunsome, and sayd in the assayenge therof 
 they coulde lese nothynge ; besydes that the kinge ofFred them his body and goodes to 
 ayde theym in all maners ; wherof these two knyghtes thanked hym. To entre into 
 this treatye with Lamorabaquy,' or they coulde come therto, these knightes had moche 
 payne and made great dilygece, for fyrst syr Jaques of Helley was fayne to go to La- 
 morabaquy" to requyre a saueconducte for his companyon syr Gylbert to come into 
 Turkey; and whan he had ateyned it, than he returned into Hungery, and so they 
 rode than into Turkey. The souerayne of Flaunders was receyued of Lamorabaquy" 
 and of his men ryght nobly, and was herde speke, and so lytell and lytell they entred 
 into their treatie. The same tyme there haunted into Turkey a marchaunt genouoy of 
 the isle of SLo, vnder the obeysaunce of the genouoys : this marchaut was named Bar- 
 tylniew Pologrine,'' and he was well beloued in Turkey, and namely with Lamorabaquy." 
 Syr Dyne of^Responde beynge at Parys, to thentent that this treatie myght haue the 
 better expedicyon, he wrote letters to this sayde marchaunt of the isle of Sio, for they 
 knewe eche other: and to the entent to please the frenche kynge, the duke of Burgoyne 
 and the duches and other ladies in FraUice, suche as had their husbandes and frendes m 
 prison in Turkey ; and in trust to be well rewarded for his good wyil, he wrote, y what- 
 soeuer ende was made for their redempcyon, that he wolde be come dettour for the 
 somme of money : and that as soone as they were delyuered and come into the power ot 
 the venyciens, and that he might be certifyed therof, that incontynent he wolde come 
 hymselfe to Venyce, and se "the raunsomes payed and delyuered. By these wordes 
 (written by syr Dyne of Responde) the sayde marchaunt genouoye enclyned to his de- 
 eyre, and on the truste to be well rewarded of the frenche kynge, for he thought to 
 
 suche 
 
 " Bajazet. " Pelegrino. 
 
696 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 suche a kyng it was good to lay eare, and also, as I was enfourmed, the kynge of 
 Cyper, at the desyre of the frenche kynge and the duke of Burgoyne, he sente men of 
 his spccyall counsayle into Turkey; and in lykewyse syr Mathelyn and the lorde of 
 Damyne, two great barones in Grece, and in good fauoure with Lamoiabaquy,^ tra- 
 ueyled greatly to auaunce this treatie, to thentent to do pleasure to the frenche kynge, 
 for without suche meanes the mater shulde neuer haue been brought aboute, bycause 
 Turkey is a great coutrey and yuell for men to traueyle in that hath nat ben accustomed 
 therto. Whan Lamorabaquy" was ones condyscended to entre into this treatie, than it 
 was ordeyned by his counsayle that all the chrysten prisoners shulde be brought togyder 
 into the cytie of Bursa, and there to coclude their treatie : so the prisoners were brought 
 thyder, Avho were in nombre a xxv. ; but in their commynge thyder, the turkes that 
 brought them dyd yuell entreate theym and bete them forwarde, for they were but easely 
 horsed, they coulde nat go but a pace ; the turkes bete them bycause they sawe they 
 shulde be delyuered, wherwith they were sore dyspleased. 
 
 Whan these knightes were thus brought into the cytie of Bursa in Turkey, than they 
 tliat were sent thyder fro the Frenche kynge and fro the duke of Burgoyne, fro the 
 kynge of Cypers, and fro the genouoys and venycyens, receyued these prisoners getylly, 
 so that they were more at their ease than in the prisone that they were in before ; howe- 
 beit, they were kept euer so strayte that they coulde nat haue the thyrde parte of their 
 wylles. Lamorabaquy^ moste specyally herde euer the soueraygne of Flaunders, for 
 syr Jaques of Helley hadde enfourmed hym howe he was one of the chyefe of counsayle 
 with the duke of Burgoyne. Lamorabaquy" was in a castell besyde Bursa, and thyther 
 came the sayde messangers ; at laste it was agreed that these xxv. prisoners shulde pay 
 the some of two hundred thousande ducates, "for the whiche some the lordes of Mathe- 
 lyn and Damyne in Grece and the marchaunt genouoy of Sio became deltours for the 
 same, and taryed in pledge with Lamorabaquy:' and the erle of Neuers sware and 
 boude himselfe to the sayd marchauntes, that as sone as he came to Venyce nat to de- 
 parte thens tyll the money were payed. Thus concluded this treatie ; but or it was all 
 concluded the erle of Ewe was so sycke and feble by the alteracyon of the ayre and course 
 meates, that he dyed at Loge'' in Grece, where he was kept prisoner, wherof all his com- 
 pany were ryght sory, but they coulde nat amende it. Thus syr Phylyppe of Arthois, 
 erle of Ewe and constable of Fraunce, after he was deed was enbawmed, and so brought 
 mto Fraunce, and buryed in the churche of saynt Laurence of Ewe. Whan Lamora- 
 baquy" was contented with the marchaundes bondes for the det of the sayd some, the 
 soueraygne of Flaunders and sir Jaques of Helley tOoke their leaue to retourne into 
 Fraunce, and Lamorabaquy" was well contente therwith, and ordeyned that these two 
 knightes shulde haue of the some that he shuld receyue twenty thousande ducates, to be 
 rebated of the hole some ; for this kyng Basaache' consydered the payne and traueyle that 
 they had endured, and specyally the soueraygne of Flaunders Avas greatly in his fauour. 
 These two knyghtes thanked the kynge of his gyft : than they toke their leaue of hym, 
 and afterwarde of the Frenche knyghtes and lordes. Whan they were departed fro 
 the kynge they came to the cytie of Bursa, and than departed and lefte the erle of Neuers 
 and the lordes of Fraunce styll in the cytie of Bursa, for they taryed for the lordes of 
 Mathelyn and Damine, who shulde come thyder by see to receyue them into their 
 galees : and these tAvo knyghtes toke a galee passenger to sayle to Mathelyn ; at their 
 departynge fro the porte the wether was fayre and temperate, but whanne they were 
 abrode in the see the wynde chaunged, and had a marueylous great tempest, so that the 
 soueraigne of Flaunders, by reason of sore traueyle in that tempest, he fell sore sycke 
 
 on 
 
 ' Bajazet. * Haut-loge. — D. Sauvage^ 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 697 
 
 on the see, and dyed or they came to Mathelyn, wherof syr Jaques of Helley was right 
 sory, but there was no remedy : and so sayled forthe in a galee of Venyce, and passed 
 by Rodes, and ahvayes as he went he publysshed the redempcyon of the lordes of 
 Fraunce, wherof they of Rodes were ryght ioyfull: at last this knyj^ht came into 
 Fraunce, and shewed the kynge and the other lordes and ladyes howe he had spedde, 
 wherof the Kynge and other were right ioyfull, and thanked the knyght of his traueyle 
 and payne he had taken in that iourney. 
 
 Whan the redempcyon of these lordes and knyghtes of Fraunce was at a poynt, than 
 Lamorabaquy' thought or they departed to haue them in his company, and that they 
 shulde be more at large and better entreated than they were before, as it was reason, 
 sythe they were no lenger prisoners ; he thought they shulde se parte of his puyssaunce 
 and state, whiche was, as it was shewed me, marueylous great and sumptuous, and kepte 
 moche people dayly aboute hym. Thus he sent of the noble men of his house to 
 bring them to his presence, to whom he made good chere, and had euery thynge dely- 
 uered them of the ordinary of his courte, acordynge to the vsage of the countrey; and 
 euery daye the kynge talked with the erle of Neuers by a truchman, and greatly he ho- 
 noured the erle of Neuers, for he sawe well he was lyke to be a great man in Fraunce, 
 and Sonne to a great lorde, wherof he was well enfourmed, the whiche he founde true, 
 by reason of the great sute that was made for their redempcyon, and by the great some 
 of money that they agreed to paye. The erle of Neuers and his company had great 
 marueyle of the great state that he kept: he and his people laye euer in the felde, for 
 no towne coulde sufiyce them. The spence of his howseholde and charge of meate and 
 drinke was marueyle to consydre fro whence it shulde come, but that the countrey is so 
 bote that the people be of sobre dyet, and vse moche spycery, and specyally suger and 
 gotes mylke, wherof they haue great haboundaunce, the whiche is comon drinke of the 
 sarazyns : and they haue plenty of bredde, made of a grayne called mylle : he had euer 
 aboute hym a seuen thousande fawconers and as many hunters. So it was on a daye he 
 wente a hawkynge, and had a flyght with a fawcon at an egle, in the presence of the 
 erle of Neuers, the whiche flyght pleased nat Lamorabaquy,^ wherwith he was sore dys- 
 pleased, and as it was shewed me, for the same faute there was at the poynte a two 
 thousande fauconers to haue loste their heedes, bearyng them in hande that they were 
 nat dylygent in kepynge of his hawkes. Another tyme, in the presence of the erle of 
 Neuers, a woman came to complayne to the kynge, desyringe to haue ryght and iustyce 
 vpon a seruaunt of his, sayenge: Syr kynge, I come to you as to my soueraygne ; I 
 complayne me of a seruaunt of your chambre, as it is shewed me: he is come this same 
 day into my howse, and the mylke of a gote that I had for me and my chyldren he hath 
 dronken it agaynst my wyll ; and, syr, Tsaid to him, that if he wolde do me that wronge 
 I wolde complayne to you ; and as soone as 1 sayde so, hegaue me two great blowes, and 
 wolde nat forbeare for all that I spake in your name ; therfore, syr kynge, do me iustyce, 
 as ye are sworne to do to all your people. The kinge marked well the womans wordes, 
 and so caused his seruaunte to come afore hym and the woman also, and than he caused 
 the woman to renewe her complaynt. The seruaunt began to excuse hym, and sayd, 
 that he knewe nothynge of that matter. The woman §pake wysely, and affyrmed her 
 wordes to be trewe. Than the kynge sayde : woman, aduyse y well, for il I lynde thy 
 wordes vntrewe, thou shalte dye an yuell dethe. Syr, quod she, I am content ; for if 
 niy wordes were nat true, what nede me to come into your prescce ? do me iustyce, I 
 <lesyrc none other thyng. Thou shalt haue iustyce, quod the kynge, for I haue sworne 
 so to do to euery man and woman. Than the kynge caused the man to be taken, and 
 
 Vol. II. 4 U caused 
 
 ' Bajazet. 
 
698 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 caused his bely to be opened, to se if he had eaten or droken the mylke or nat, and there 
 he founde that he had dronke the mylke, for it was nat turned to digestyon : and whan 
 the kyng sawe that the womans wordes were trewe, he said to her, thou haddest good 
 cause to complayne; go thy way quyte, thou art well reuenged of the trespase that was 
 done to the ; and she had a good recompence, and the man deed. This iudgement the 
 lordes of Fraunce sawe and herde. 
 
 Hoive (he lordes of Fraunce returned by see to Fenyce, and of the isles they founde 
 
 by the waye. 
 
 CAP. CCXXIV.' 
 
 WHAN the erle of Neuers and the other lordes of Frauce, who had ben taken pri- 
 soners at the batayle before Nycopoly in Turkey, whan they had sene a season the state 
 and maner of Lamorabaquy,'^ and that he was content of euery thynge, and vnderstode 
 that the lordeof Mathelyn and the lorde of Damyne,and themarchaunt of Sio were come 
 to Burselle in Turkey, than he gaue them leaue to departe : so they came all togyther 
 before Lamorabaquy," excepte the erle of Ewe and the lorde of Coucy, who were bothe 
 deed : thus they toke their leaue, and thanked hym of his curtesies. Than Lamora- 
 baquy''said to therle by a truchman: Johan, I knowe well thou arte a great lorde in thy 
 countrey, and sonne to a great lorde ; thou art yonge, and peraduenture shall beare 
 some blame and shame that this aduenture hath fallen to the in thy fyrste chyvalry ; and 
 to excuse thyselfe of this blame and to recouer thyne honour, peraduenture thou wylt 
 assemble a puyssaunce of men, and come and make warre agaynst me : if I were in 
 doute or feare therof, or thou departed I shulde cause the swere by thy lawe and 
 faythe y neuer thou nor none of thy company shulde beare armure or make warre 
 agaynst me ; but I wyll nother make y nor none of thy company to make any suche othe 
 or promesse, but I wyll that whan thou arte retourned and arte at thy pleasure, rayse 
 what puyssaunce thou wylte, and spare nat, but come agaynst me; thou shall fynde me 
 alwayes redy to receyue the and thy company in the felde in playne batayle ; and this 
 that I say, sliewe it to whome thy lyste, for I am able to do dedes of armes, and euer 
 redy to conquere further into crystendome. These hygh wordes the erle of Neuers 
 vnderstode well, and so dyd his company ; they thought on it after as longe as they 
 lyued. Than they tooke their leaue, and they were conducted with a great nombre 
 vnder the leadynge of Aslybathe'^ and Surbasaache,'' and so delyuered to the lordes 
 of Mathelyn and Damyne, who were cause of their delyueraunce ; and whan 
 their galees were redy they entred, and their conducte retourned to their kynge. So 
 they sayled tyli they came to y porte of Mathelyn, where they were receyued with 
 great ioye. 
 
 The lady of Mathelyn was ryght honourable and gentle, and as well assured of her- 
 selfe as any lady in Grece, for in her youth she had ben brought vp in the emperour of 
 Constantyne the nobles courte, with the lady Mary of Burbone, where she had lerned 
 moche norture, for in Fraunce the lordes and ladyes be more honourable than in many 
 other coutreys. This lady was right ioyouse to se in her house the erle of Neuers and 
 syr Henry of Bare, sir Guy of Tremoyle,' and the other ; she receyued them ryght 
 
 honourably 
 
 ' Chapter CCXX. *■ Bajazet. ' Ali Bashaw. '' Soli Bashaw. ' De la Tremouille. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 699 
 
 Jionourably with great ioy, anddyd what she coude to do them pleasure : first, she newly 
 aparelled all the lordes and knyghtes of Frauuce with shyrtes, gownes, and other aparell 
 of fyne damaske, acordynge to the vsage of Grece, and all other, euery man after his 
 deo^re. The lady spared nothyng on them, wherfore they gaue her great thanke, and 
 greatly praysed her estate andordre ; in lykewyse they thaked and praysed the lordes of 
 Mathelyn and of Damyne, who made them good chere and honourable. Anone tydynges 
 of their delyueraunce was knowen at the Rodes, wherof the great mayster of the Roodes 
 and all the knyghtes there were ryght ioyfull, and they delermyned to arme forth t^yo 
 oalees, and to sende for theym to come into the isle of Rodes, and so they dyd ; and in 
 The one aalee they sette syr Jaques of Brassemont, a burgonyon marshall of the Rodes. 
 So longe"they say led and rowed, that they aryiied at Mathelyn. The marshall was well 
 receyued of euery man and of the lady of Mathelyn. Than these lordes and other re- 
 iVesshed them there a foure dayes, and on the fyfte daye their galees were redy : than 
 the erle of Neuers tooke leaue of the lady of Mathelyn, and thanked her greatly and 
 the lordes also; and the erle of Neuers sayd, that he was bounde for euer to owe them 
 his good wyll. The lady answered wysely to them all. So they entred into the galees 
 in the porte of Mathelyn, and had wynde and wether at \yyll, and sayled so longe that 
 without daunger or domage they came and aryued in the isle of the Rodes, in the same 
 place where as all galees do aryue comynge fro Cyper or fro Barne," and fro other 
 partes of the see Orientall. There were many of the knyghtes of the Roodes, who be 
 or ou?rht to be men of valyaunt corage, for they beare the whyte crosse, in signyheng 
 of the crosse of Christ, who dyed and toke payne for the redempcyon of all crysten 
 people ; and nere hande daily these knyghtes haue skrymysshes and assawtes to ayde and 
 sustayne the chrysten faythe agaynst the myscreautes, wherfore these knyghtes ought 
 to be valyaunte men, and nourysshed in the warre. 
 
 Whan the erle of Neuers and his company were come into the isle of Rodes, the 
 great mayster and the great priour of Acquytanye, who was there, receyued the 
 frenchemen honourably, and offred to lende them golde and syluer to paye their small 
 charges and costes, whiche offre the erle of Neuers and his company toke for a great 
 curtesy, and hertely thanked them, for they had great nede therof. The great priour 
 of Acquytanie, a right valyaunt knyght, lente to the erle of Neuers a thyrty thousande 
 frankes in redy money ; and syr Reygnere Potte, stewarde with the erle of Neuers, and 
 the lorde of Rocheforde of Burgoyne, receyued the money. I thynke it was generally lor 
 them all that euery man shulde haue parte, but the erle became dettour for the money. 
 Thus they taryed in the Isle of Rodes a good seasone to refresshe theym, and to sette 
 euery thynge in good ordre, for the ayre was more atteperate there than wheras they 
 had ben in Turkey : and as they taryed thus at Rodes, abydynge for the galees ot 
 Venyce, a syckenesse toke syr Guy of Tremoyle," lorde of Seully, of whiche syck- 
 nesse he dyed there, and was buryed in the churche of saynte Johan in the Rodes, auo the 
 lordes of Fraunce dyd his obsequy ryght reuerently, and were ryght sorye of his dethe, 
 but there was no remedy. The Erie of Neuers knewe well that the duke of Burgoyne 
 wolde be sore dyspleased of his deth, bycause he had always foude hym sage and ot 
 good counsayle. At the laste there aryued the galees of Venyce, wherof the Irenche- 
 men were ryght ioyous : than they tooke their leaue of the lordes of the Rodes. 1 bus 
 departed the erle of Neuers, sir Henry of Bare, Boucyquaute, Guillyam of Tremoyle, 
 the lorde of Rocheforde, and all other. The patrones of the galees (to do them plea- 
 sure) were contente to sufTre them to refresshe theym in the isles bytwene Venyce und 
 Rodes: fyrste they came to Modon, a fyue hundred myle fro the Roodes, and there 
 they refresshed them ; it parteyned to the venycyens. 
 
 4U 2 -^"^ 
 
 ■Banith. '' Re la Tremouille. 
 
700 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 And fro modon they sayled with wynde and wether at wyll, and so came to the isle 
 of Calefo/ and there refresshed theym ; and fro thence to the isle of Garre,'' and there 
 taryed, and than they came to the isle of Chyfolignie," and there landed, and founde 
 a creat nombre of ladyes and damosels, who had the sygniorite of that isle ; they re- 
 ce^'ued the frenchemen with great ioye, and brought them to passe the tyme aboute the 
 isle, whiche is ryght fayre and pleasaunte : and suche as knowe the condycions of that 
 ^ isle, afl'yrmeth that the fayry and the nympes be moche conuersaunt there. Some of 
 the marchauntes of Venyce, and Geane,"* and of other landes, suche as haue aryued 
 there, and taryed there a seasone to eschewe the daunger of the see, haue said that they 
 haue sene some of the fairy there, and haue proued their wordes to be trewe. The erle 
 of Neuers and his company were right ioyouse of the company of these ladyes, and 
 ryoht ioyously the ladyes receyued them, and sayd howe their comynge thyder dyd all 
 the isle wreat honoure, bycause they were noble knyghtes and men of honoure, for there 
 hath nat acustomed none other to be conuersaunt amonge them but marchauntes. This 
 isle is nat all onely enhabyted with women, but there be men amonge them, but the wo- 
 men haue the soueraynte and chefe rule there ; they are workewomen in sylke worke, 
 and make clothes of sylke, so subtelly and so well, that there is none lyke them, nor 
 the men of the isle canne nat make it, but they cary them out to sell where they thynke 
 to haue most profyte, and the woman abyde styll in y isle, and they honour the men 
 for the sayde cause, and they haue the profyte therof ; the isle is of that condycion that 
 no man dare aproche it to do there any domage, for who so euer dothe are perysshed, 
 and that hath ben sene and proued, and therfore these ladyes endure euer in peace, and 
 douo^ht no man: also they are marueylous swete, gentle, amyable, and humble, and 
 when they wyll, they speke with the fayry, and be in their company. 
 
 Whan the erle of Neuers and his company had refresshed them in this isle of Chyfo- 
 ligne'' aboute a fyue dayes, than they toke leaue of these ladyes, and lefte amonge these 
 ladyes parte of suche as they had that they myght forbeare, so that the ladyes gaue them 
 great thanke at their departynge, and so they sayled to a lande called Raguse, and there 
 they rested, and fro thens to Clarence,' a hundred myle fro Venyce; and whyle they 
 were there, thyther came a squyer of Haynalt of great recomendacyon, borne in the 
 towne of Mons, he was called BrydoU : he came fro the holy sepulcre, and fro Quayre,^ 
 and fro saynt Katheryns mounte ; and whan he came to Clarence,'' the frenchmen made 
 him good chere, bycause he was borne in Haynalt, for the countesse of Neuers was 
 doughter to the erle of Heynalte, and also bycause he had ben in farre countreys, and 
 they demaunded of him newes fro those parties, and also of the state of the kynge of 
 Cyper. He aunswered to euery thynge ryght wysely. 
 
 Whan the erle of Neuers had refresshed hym there a season, than he sayled forthe 
 and came to the porte of Pareuse -^^ the great galees coude go no further to come to y 
 porte of Venyce ; than within a certayne space they tooke other small shyppes passen- 
 gers, and so came to Venyce, and there were receyued with great ioye, and they thank- 
 ed crod that they were come thyder in sauegarde, and out of the handes of the mys- 
 creauntes, for they were ones in feare neuer to haue come out of their handes. Than 
 euery man wente to his logynge which was prepared for them, for their commynge 
 thyder was knowen before, their seruauntes were come thyder and prepared for them 
 redye agaynst their commyng. The erle of Neuers founde there redy parte of his ser- 
 uauntes, sente thyder by the duke of Burgoyne his father, and the duches his mother. 
 
 Also 
 
 • Corfu. l" Zante ? ' Cephalonia. " Genoa. ' Or, Chiarenza. 
 
 ' Cairo. ': Parenzo. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 701 
 
 Also there \Yas redy svr Dyne of Responde, bycause of their raunsome. Than clerkes 
 were sette to write letters, and niessangers were sente forlhe to gyue knowledc!;e to their 
 frendes of their comynp;e. These newes was anone knowen ouer all ; the duke of Bur- 
 goyne and the dnchesse ordeyned for the state of their sonne, as vessell, and plate of 
 syluer and golde, aparell, and stuflTe of housholde : all this was sent to Venyce on so- 
 mers, and the lorde of Angyers, and syr Jaques of llelicy, dyd conuey all this stufTe, 
 and so came to Venyce ; and all the other lordes and knyghles frendes dyd sende thy- 
 der in lyke maner ; and ye niaye belene well that this was nat doone without great coste, 
 for there was nothynge spared ; and also they laye at Venyce at great coste and charge, 
 for Venyce is one of the derest townes in the worlde for straungers to lye in. Thus 
 these lordes kept their estates there, and therle of Neuers was more charged than any 
 other, as it was reasone, for he was the chiefe there. The duke of Burgoyne, and the 
 duchesse sette all their ententes for the delyueraunce of their sonne, for they desyred 
 greatly to se theym, and so dyd many other, and the duke sayd that without ayde of 
 his men and good frendes that were in his landes, as well in Burgoyne, as in Arthoys, 
 and in Flaunders, he coulde nat tell howe to atteyne to the somme of money that La- 
 morabaquy" shulde haue for his sonnes raunsome, and to beare the costes that dayly 
 grewe by that occasyon : for though their raunsomesdrewe but to two hundred thousande 
 floreyns, all thynges consydred, their other charges drewe to as moch, as they sayde that 
 had the receyte and delyueraunce therof. The duke tooke counsayle where this money 
 shulde be reysed, for y duke coulde nat breke nor mynysshe his estate, nor it was nat 
 his mynde to do. Than it was determyned that the ryche men in all his good townes 
 shulde be taxed, and specyally they of Flaunders, bycause they were ryche, by reason 
 of their marchaundyse. This taxacyon was sette forwarde, and whan they of Gaunt, 
 were called curtesly to the mater, they aunswered and sayd that they wolde gladly helpe 
 to ayde their enherytour with the some of fyfty thousande florayns. In lykewyse they 
 of Bruges, and of other good townes in Flaunders, were redy to ayde their lorde : the 
 duke and duchesse thanked them curtesly : in lykewise so dyde they of Arthoise and of" 
 Burgoyne. Also the Frenche kynge ayded well for his parte ; and also it had cost hym 
 great riches in sendynge of presentes and knightes into Hungry and Turkey; howebeit, 
 he was well contente therwith, syth his cosyns and his knyght Bouciquaut were come to 
 Venyce in suretie, 
 
 Therle of Neuers laye thus styll at Venyce, for his entet was nat to departe thens tyll 
 euery thynge was payed and discharge : for the furnysshing of this fynaunce sir Dyne 
 of Responde toke great payne, to the entente to pleace the Frenche kynge, and the 
 duke of Burgoyne ; in suche busynesse he was subtyle and wyse. Thus these Frenche 
 lordes and knyghtes sported them eche with other. The same season there felle in 
 Venyce a great mortalyte, and it began in the moneth of Auguste, and dured without 
 ceassynge tyll saynt Andrewes tyde, wherin dyed moche people : and there dyed sir 
 Henry of Bare, eldest sonne to the duke of Bare, and herytoure, (by his wyfe), ol all 
 the lorde of Coucyes landes, excepte the ladyes dowrye. Thus in the same season, bothe 
 the ladies of Coucy were widowes, and their husbandes deed, the whiche was great 
 domage ; his body was enbaulmed and caryed into Fraunce, and buryed in Parys, as 1 
 beleue, and there his obsequy was done solempnely. To flye and eschewe fro this deth 
 at Venice, the erle of Neuers went and taryed at Trenuse,'' with all his estate, and there 
 taryed a four monethes with all his company. 
 
 Thus the erle of Neuers beynge at Trenuse,'' it was shewed the kyng of Hungry by 
 
 them 
 
 ' Bajaxet. '' Treviso. 
 
702 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 them of the Roodes, howe the Frenche loides were agreed with Laniorabaquy/ to paye 
 lor their somes two hundred thousaiide florens. Than the kyng sent letters by a bys- 
 shoppe, and ccrlayne knightes, to them of Venice, in the fauour of the Frenche 
 knyghtes ; and also they were charged to saye certayne wordes to therle of Neuers, as 
 as ye shall here, for whan they cae thider they said to hym : Sir, we are sent hider fro 
 our souerayne lorde the kyng of Hungry your cosin, who saluteth you by vs : and here 
 be letters that he hath sente vnto you, and he vnderstadeth howe ye are delyuered fro 
 the handes of the turkes his aduersaries for certayne rausome, the whiche olherwyse ye 
 coude nat haue ben deliuered, wherof he is right ioyouse ; and sir, the kynge knoweth 
 well y your treatie coude nat haue ben made withoiit great cost and charge, for besyde 
 that ye lost in the batayle, your raunsome and other charges hath ben and is dayly great; 
 wherfore, sir, the kyng saylh if he myght ayde you with any thynghe svolde gladly do 
 it, for he thynketh himselfe bounde therto, as well by lynage or olherwyse : but sir, 
 he and his toke suche domage at the daye of the batayle before Nichopoly, as ye knowe 
 well, and also his reuenues of his realme for this yere and y next be in a maner as lost ; 
 but wha he hath recouery therof, and is of power, (he saythe), he Avyll so puruey for 
 you, that ye shal be wel content with hym, and thus to do he is of good wyll ; and sir, 
 to thentent that ye shall gyue credence to his promise and sayeng, he hath in the cytie 
 of Venyce of yerely reuenewes, seuyn thousande ducates ; and sir, he is content that 
 this be solde to the venycience, and that of the money that shall ryse therof, that ye 
 shulde vse it and ayde yourselfe therwith as ye wolde do of your owne goodes: and 
 sir, of this we shall delyuer quitauces to the venicyence ; we haue authorite so to do. 
 This offre greatly pleased the erle of Neuers and his cousayle, and the lorde of Roche- 
 forde answered and said : howe the erle and all his copany thanked greatly the kynge of 
 Hungry in that he wolde sell or laye to gage his enherytauce for to ayde them: sayeng, 
 howe his offre was nat to be refused nor forgotten, desyring to take a lytell counsayle in 
 the mater, and so they dyde. Within a brefe tyme after, it was shewed to the kyng of 
 Hugeries ambassadours in the behalfe of the erle of Neuers, that it shulde nat be coue- 
 nyent that the kyng of Hungry shulde sell or ley to pledge his enherytaunces, for other 
 mennes causes ; but if so be the ambassadours wolde do so nioche as to shewe to the ve- 
 nicyece that they wolde do so moche as to lende therle of Neuers a certayne some of flo- 
 rence, to helpe to paye the erles by charges, and to paye agayne to the priour of saynt 
 Johns, in Acquitayne, the xxx. thousande florens, that he lent to the in the isle of 
 the Rodes, in thus doyng, they saide, they wolde highly thanke the kynge of Hun- 
 gry and his counsayle. The ambassadors saide they wolde do their best, and assaye the 
 venicyece what they wolde do. Whan the venycience Avere moued in this mater, they 
 answered but coldly, and said they wolde take counsayle, and gyue answere within fyf- 
 tene dayes ; at whiche tyme they answered, (as I was enformed, by one that was by at 
 the answere gyueng), that if the kyng of Hungry wolde selle his hoole realme, the ve- 
 nycience shulde be redy to bargayne with hym, and pay hym in redy money; but they 
 said, as for so lytell a thynge as seuyn thousande ducates by yere, they coulde make no 
 price nor valewre therof, nother to by nor to sell, wherfore they said they wolde nat 
 medell in that small mater. This was the answere that the venycience made. Some 
 thought and ymagined, that this answere was made by waye of dissymulacion, and that 
 thoughe the kynge of Hungry made this offre, yet by agrement, y venicyens made that 
 answere. Thus the mater abode styll, and the kyng of Hungry sty II in his possessyon 
 of his reuenewes. Thane the kynges ambassadours departed Iro Venyce, and retourned 
 into Hungry, and the erle of Neuers abode styll at Trenuse,'' bycause of the mortalyte 
 in Venyce. 
 
 Ye 
 
 ' Bajazet. " Treviso. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 703 
 
 Ye haue herde here before howe the lorde Philyppe of Arthois, erle of Ewe, and 
 constable of Frauce, dyed in y cite of Bursa, in Turkey, of whose dethe all his frendes 
 were sorie, and specially the frenche kyng, for he loued hym entierly ; his office was 
 suche tliat it myght nat longe be vacant, whervpon all the lordes of Fraunce assembled 
 togider to take aduyse who shuld be made constable. The most parte of y cousaile 
 agreed on the valyant kniglit sir Loys of Sanxere, who had ben long marshall of Frauce, 
 and was the same tyme; he was in the parties of Languedoc, and so was sente for, and 
 incotynent he came to Paris, and iher was made costable. Than was voyde the office of 
 the marshall : than y kyng sayd, none shulde haue y office, but al onely his knyght sir 
 Bouciquaut ; euery man agreed therto, for he was well worthy. Whan he was chosen he 
 was at Venyce, but shortely after he came to Paris, for the rausoms ones payde, all the 
 lordes and knightes of Frauce returned home. So sir Bouciquaut was marshall of 
 Fraunce. Therle of Neuers drewe to the duke of Burgoyn his father, and to the duches 
 his mother ; he had great chere made hym of them and of other, as it was reason, for he 
 came fro a longe voyage and a peryllous ; he was well receyued i all his fathers coun- 
 treis, as in Flaunders, in Arthoys, in Burgoyne, and in all other places parteynyng to 
 his fathers and to his enherytauce. 
 
 Howe after the returne of the lordes of Fraunce, the frenche ki/ng entended what he 
 THi/ghl to set a concorde and peace in the churche. 
 
 CAP. CCXXV/ 
 
 THERLE of Neuers thus returned into FraiJce, he abode about the duke his father, 
 and visyted his lades and signories ; than he had desyre to go to se y frcche kyng, and 
 the duke of Orlyauce, who receyued hym with great ioye. The kyng and the duke of 
 Orlyaunce had great appetyte to here therle speke, and to here of y newes of Turkey, 
 and of all his aduentures, and of the state of Lamorabaquy.^ Therle answered wisely, 
 and coplayned nothing of Laniorab.iquy,'' but said he had foude hym ryght curtesse, and 
 howe that he was well entreated ; and he forgat nat to shewe y kyng and the ladies, 
 howe at his departyng Lamorabaquy" said to hym, that he was borne in this worlde to 
 do dedes of amies, and to coquere euer more and more ; and how that he wolde nat co- 
 mavide the whan they were prisoners that they shulde no more beare armes agaist hym, 
 but said he wolde rather haue the come agayne the seconde, thirde, or fourthe tyme, if 
 nede were, if the dedes of armes so required ; and also he said howe his entent was to 
 se Rome, and to make his horse eate otes vppon saynt Peters aulter; and also he sayde, 
 howe our cristen faythe was nothyng Avorth, but corrupted by the heedes that ought to 
 gouerne them, wherat the Turkes'make but a mocke ; wherfore he sayd, it shulde be 
 the distruction of Christendome, anfl that y tyme was as than come : and dyuers of the 
 Tui kes and sarazins sayde, that their kyng Lamorabaquy'' was borne to be lorde of all 
 the worlde, and this they of Turkey, of Tartarye, of Perce,' of Alexandre, and of 
 other parties of the sarazins landes, sayde: they knewe it well that it shulde be so by 
 reasone that the Christen men were abused vpon ii. popes, wherby the christen men were 
 nat all of one accorde, but differedde, some beleuyng on the one pope, and some vp- 
 on the other: and the sarazins had great marueyle, howe the heedes of Christendome 
 in euery realme wolde suffre it. These wordes of the erle of Neuers made the Frenche 
 
 kyng 
 
 ' Chapter CCXXI. '" Bajazct. ' Persia. 
 
704 THE GRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 kyng and other lordes greatly to muse ; and some sayd howe the sarazins had good reai- 
 son to laugh and mocke at Christendome, bycause they suffred the prelates of the churche 
 to medell so moche ; therfore some sayde, it was tyme to abate their pompes, and to 
 bringe the to reason. The clerkes of the vnyuersite of Paris who traueyled to lerne, 
 coude nat come to any preferment of any benifyce, by reason of the Sclsme in the 
 Churche, and of the two popes, wherfore they wolde gladly that the people shulde mur- 
 mure agaynst them, and were ryght gladde that the erle of Neuers sayde, that the 
 turkes made a great derision therof; and sayd: howe that without the freche kynge, 
 and the kyng of Almaygne,* foude some remedy, euery thynge shulde be worse and 
 worse : and to saye the trouthc, suche as helde them as neutre, they thought hadde ta- 
 ken the best waye, and so euery man ought to do, if they wolde bring the Churche into 
 good case. Also it was secretely shewed the Frenche kyng, by suche as he loued, and 
 suche as loued his helthe, howe that it was the comen opinyon in the realme of Frauce, 
 that he shulde neuer haue perfitely his helth, vnto the tyme that the Churche were 
 brought in another estate : and also they shewed the kynge, howe that kynge Charles 
 his father, whan he laye in his dethe beed, charged his counsayle in conscyence, and 
 had great dout that he was sore abused in those two popes. Than the Freche kynge an- 
 swered them and sayd : Whan the kyng my father dyed, I was but yonge, and I haue 
 beleued hyderto suche as haue counsayled me : if there be folly, it is in them and nat in 
 me ; but sythe we be nowe this enformed in the matter, we shall prouide for the remedy, 
 and that shal be well sene. 
 
 The Frenche kynge marked the mater more profoundely thane euer he dyde before, 
 and sayd to them of his cousayle, howe he wolde prouyde for the mater, and spake therof 
 to his brother the duke of Orlyaunce, erle of Bloyes and of Valois, who agreed anone 
 to the kynges wyll: in lykewise so dyde the duke of Burgoyne, for though he obeyed 
 pope Clement, yet he had neuer ferme beleue on hym : but the prelates of the realme 
 of Fraunce, and specially Guy of Roy, archebysshoppe of Reyns,** the archebysshoppes 
 of Sens, and of Rouen, and the bysshoppe of Ostune," they had brought the duke to 
 beleue on pope Clement : tharie it was aduysed by the kynges secrete cousayle that if 
 they purposed to bringe the Churche to rest and peace, to haue the accorde of Almayne.* 
 Than was there sente sufFycient ambassadours and clerkes of bothe lawes, (as maister 
 Philyppe of Playes was one), into Almayne," to the kyng of Boesme'' and of Almayne,^ 
 who wrote hymselfe kyng of Romayns. This mater went so forAvarde, y a day was sette 
 that the kyng of Almayne" and his counsaile, and the Freche kyng and his cousayle, 
 shulde mete personally at the cyte of Reynes.'' This mater was done secretely, bicause 
 the prelates, cardynalles, archebysshoppes, and bysshoppes, shulde nat breke their 
 purpose that they were about ; they made it be noysed that the metyng of these two 
 kynges and their counsayls at Reynes,"" was for non other purpose but to treate for a 
 maryage to be had bytwene the sonne of the marques of Blanquebourge,' brother to 
 the kyng of Almayne," and the doughter of the duke of Orlyaunce ; and so by reason 
 and vnder colour of that mater, they wolde common of other. 
 
 In this same seasone dyed at Nesues,^ inHeynaulte, the lorde Guye of Chastellone, 
 erle of Bloyes, and brought to Valencenes, and buryed at saynt Fraunces, in the Freres 
 mynours, in a chapell called the chapell of Orthais ;^ he had done moche coste in the 
 closynge of the sayd Freres, and whan he dyed he was so in dette, that the countesse 
 Mary of Namure forsoke al his goodes, and durst nat take on her the admynistracyon 
 of his testament, but retourned to her dowrie of the lande of Chinay, and of Beaumonde, 
 
 and 
 
 * Germany. ^ Rheims. ' Autun. " Bohemia. .' Brandenborg, 
 
 ' Avesnes. ' Ailois. — Johna. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 705 
 
 and his other herytages went to the heyres : the duke of Orlyaunce hadde the countie 
 of Blois, for he had payed whyle the erle Guye lyued, two hundred thousande crownes 
 of Frauce, and the landes of Hollande, Zelande, and Heynalte, wente to the duke 
 Aubert of Bauyere/ erle of Heynaulte; and the lande of Dauesnes, of Landrecier, and 
 of Lonnon in terreasse," fell to Johan of Bloyes, called John of Bretaygne, and if the 
 erle had nat solde the countie of Blois, the sayd Johan of Bretaygne shulde haue been 
 his heyre therof. Consydre what a domage a lorde or any other may do to his heyre, by 
 gyuengcredece toyuell counsayle, god forgyue hym. 
 Nowe lette vs retourne to the busynesse of Englande. 
 
 Of the dethe of the duke of Gloucestre, and of the erle of Arudell, and horn the 
 ki/nges vncles and the londoners take the maler. 
 
 CAP. CCXXVI/ 
 
 YE haue herde here before of the couert hates that was bytwene kynge Rycharde of 
 Englande, and his vncle Thomas duke of Gloucestre, whiche the kynge wolde beare 
 no leugar, but sayd, and also wascounsayled, rather to distroye another man than hyra- 
 selfe : and ye haue herde howe the kyng was at Plasshey, and by crafte and coloure, 
 brought hym out of his owne house to London, and by the waye about x. or a xi. of the 
 cloke in the nyght, therle marshall arested hym in the kynges name : and for all that he 
 cryed after the kynge, yet the kynge made a deafe eare, and rode on before, and so the 
 same nyght the kynge laye at the towre of London, but the duke of Gloucestre Avas 
 otherwise lodged, for by force he was put into a barge, and out of the barge into a shyppe 
 that laye in the Thamise, and the erle marshall with hym and all his company, and dyde 
 so moche, that the nexte day by nyght they came to Calais, without knoledge of any 
 man, excepte the kynges ofFycers of the sayd towne. 
 
 Ye maye well knowe whane the takynge of the duke was knowen at Plasshey, by the 
 <luchesse and her chyldren, they were sore troubled and abasshed, and thought well 
 that the matter went nat well : the duchesse demaunded cousaile (what was best to do), 
 of sir Johan Laquyham." The knight answered, that it was best to sende to his bre- 
 therne, the dukes of Lancastre and of Yorke, that they myght fynde some meanes to 
 apeace the kynges dyspleasure, for he sayde, he thought that the kyng wolde nat dis- 
 please them. The duchesse dyd as the knyght counsayled her, and she sente inconty- 
 nent messangers to these two dukes, who were farre asondre, who whanne they herde 
 therof were sore displeased, and sente worde agayneto the duchesse that she shuld be of 
 .good coforte, for they sayd they knew well the kyng wolde nat entreat hym but by lau- 
 fuU iudgement, for otherwise they coude nat suffre it : but as thanne they knewe natte 
 where he was. The duchesse and her chyldren were somwhat conforted with their an- 
 swere. The kynge the nexte daye wente fro the towre of London to Eltham, and there 
 taryed. The same night was brought to the towre of London as prisoners, the erle ot 
 Arundell, and the erle of Warwyke, wherof they of the cytie of London had great 
 marueyle, and made therof great murmurynge, but none durst saye nay agaynst the 
 kynges pleasure ; but all maner of people, knightes, squyers, burgesses of good cyties 
 and townes of Endade, said : we haue very well suffred : the duke of Lancastre, and 
 
 Vol. IL 4 X the 
 
 - Albert of Bavaria: " Louvion in Thieraclie. ' Chapter CCXXII. " Before called Laquinay. 
 
706 THE CRONYCLE OF FROlSSARt. 
 
 the duke of Yorke, bretherne to the duke of Gloucestre, they maye prouyde for this 
 whanne it please the ; we thynke they wolde well haue prouyded for the mater, if that 
 they hadde knowen the kynges entent agaynst their brother of Glocestre, but bycause 
 they were nat dilygent in the cause, the matter is come yuell, and lyke to haue an yuell 
 conclusyon. 
 
 Whan the duke of Glocestre was brought to the castell of Calys, than he feared hym- 
 selfe greatlye, and said to the erle Marshall : For what cause am I brought out of Eng- 
 lande hyder to Calais ? Me thynke ye holde me as a prisoner ; lette me go abrode and 
 se the fortresse aboute. Sir, quod the marshall, that ye desyre I dare nat do it, for I 
 haue the charge vpon you on payne of my lyfe : the kynge my soueraygne lorde is a 
 lytell myscontente with you, wherfore ye muste take pacyence here for a seasone, tyll 
 I here other newes, and that shal be shortely by goddes grace ; for sir, as helpe me 
 God, I am right sorie for your trouble if I myght remedy it ; but sir, ye knowe well I 
 am sworne to the kynge, wherfore I must obey, and so wyll I do, for sauynge of myne 
 honoure. The duke coude haue none other aunswere, but by that he sawe he feared 
 greatly his lyfe : and on a daye he desyred a preest that sange masse before hym, that 
 he myght be cofessed, and so he was at good leysar before the sacrament with deuout 
 herte, and cryed God mercy, and was sore repentaunt of all his synnes ; and in dede it 
 was tyme so for hym so to do, for his dethe was nerer to hym than he was ware of; for 
 as I was enfourmed, whan he hadde dyned and was aboute to haue vvasshen his handes, 
 there came into the chambre foure men, and caste sodaynlye a towell aboute the dukes 
 necke, two at the one ende and two at the other, and drewe so sore that he fell to the 
 erthe, and so they strangled hym and closed his eyen: and whan he was deed they dis- 
 poyled hym, and bare hym to his beed, and layde hym bytwene the shetes all naked, 
 and his heed on a softe pyllowe, and couered with clothes furred : and than they yssued 
 out of the chambre into the hall, well determyned what they wolde saye, and sayde 
 openly, howe a palueysye hadde taken the duke of Gloucestre the same night sodaynly, 
 and so dyed. These wordes anon were abrode in the towne of Calais : some beleued 
 theym and some natte. Within two dayes that the duke was thus deed, the erle mar- 
 shall appareled hymselfe in blacke, bycause he was his nere cosyn, and so were many 
 other knyghtes and squyers that were in Calays: his dethe was sooner knowen in 
 Fraunce and in Flaunders, than in Englad: the Frenchemen were gladde therof, for 
 there was a comon brute that there shulde be no good peace bytwene Fraunce and Eng- 
 lande, as long as he lyucd; and in all treaties bytwene Frauce and Englande, he was 
 euermore harder and obstynater thane any other of his bretherne, wherfore they cared 
 nat for his dethe. In lykewise many men in Englande, bothe knyghtes, squyers, and 
 other officers of the kynges, who were in feare of hym, bycause of his crueltie, all suche 
 were gladde of his dethe ; they toke to recorde his cruell dedes, by y duke of Irelade, 
 whom he had exyled out of Englande ; also of y deth of that valyant knight sir Symon 
 Burle," and of sir Robert Triuylien,'' sir Nicholas Bramble,^ sir Johan Standysshe, and 
 dyuers other. The dukes dethe was but lytell regarded in Englande, excepte but with 
 £uche as were of his opinyon. Thus this duke dyed in Calais ; his body was enbaumed 
 and seared in leed and couered, and so sente by see into Englande, and the shyppe that 
 caryed hym arryued at the castell of Hadley, vpon Thamyse syde, and fro thens caryed 
 by chariot symply to his owne place at Plasshey, and there buryed in the churche, 
 Avhiche the sayde duke hadde founded in the honoure of the hooly Trynite, wherin 
 were twelue Chanonnes tosyngediuyne seruyce. 
 
 Ye 
 
 • Burly. » TresilUan. : Barmber, 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 707 
 
 Yemaye well knowe that the duchesse of Gloucestre, and Affien' his sonne, and his 
 two susters, were sore discofyted whan they sawe the duke brought thylher deed. The 
 duchesse had double sorowe, for Richarde, erle of Arundel), her vncle, was beheeded 
 openly by the kynges comaundemet in Chepesyde : there was no lorde durst speke to 
 the contrary, the kynge beyng presente at the same lustyce doynge ; it was done by the 
 erle Marshall, who hadde to wyfe the doughter of the sayde erle of Arundell, and yet 
 he bounde his eyen hymselfe. The erle of Warwyke was in great daunger to be be- 
 heeded, but the erle of Salisbury, who was in the kynges fauour, desyred the kynge for 
 his lyfe, and so dyde dyuers other barons and prelates in Englande. The kynge en- 
 clyned to their reqnestes, so y he myght be banysshed, and putte in suche a place as he 
 shulde natte come fro, for the kyng wolde nat clerely forgyue hym ; he sayde he had 
 •well deserued to dye, bycause he was of counsayle with y duke of Gloucestre, and with 
 the erle of Arundell, to haue broke the peace and truce taken bitwene Fraunce and Eng- 
 lande, for the whiche artycle the kyng sayd, they had deserued to dye, for the peace 
 was taken bytwene the parties on suche codycion, y Avho so euer dyde breake it, shulde 
 be worthy to dye. The erle of Salisbury, who had ben the erle of Warwykes compa- 
 nyon dyuers tymes, in excusyng of him, said : Howe he was an olde man, and was de- 
 syred by the duke of Gloucestre, by his fayre wordes; wherfore he sayd, that he dyde 
 ■was natte of his owne mocyon, but by theirs, affyrming howe there was neuer none of y- 
 Beauchampes that euer dyd trayson agaynst the crowne of Englande. Thus the erle of 
 Warwyke for pytie was respyted fro dethe ; he was banysshed into the ysle of Wyght. 
 And it was sayde to hym : Erie of Warwyke, ye haue deserued to dye as well as the 
 erle of Arundell, but for the great seruyce that ye haue done in tyme past to kynge Ed- 
 warde, and to the prince his sonne, and to the crowne of Englande, as well on this syde 
 the see as beyonde, hath done you great ayde, for the kyng hath pyte on you, and hath 
 grauted you your lyfe ; but it is ordayned by iudgement, y ye shall go into the ysle of 
 Wight, and lyue there as longe as ye can, and shall haue sufTycient of your owne to 
 maynteyne there your estate soberly, but ye maye neuer departe thens. The erle toke 
 this punysshement aworthe, and thaked the kyng and his counsayle for sauyng of his 
 lyfe, and so made hym redy to go thyder at the daye apoynted ; in the whiche ysle was 
 space sufficient for a lorde to kepe his estate, enuyroned with the see. Thus passed 
 forthe these Judgementes in Englande at that season, whiche multiplyed dayly worse 
 and worse, as ye shall here after. 
 
 Whan the dethe of y duke of Gloucestre was knowe by the dukes of Lancastre and o£ 
 Yorke, incotinent they knewe well that the kynge their nephue had caused hym to be 
 slayne and murdered at Calays. As than these two dukes were nat toguyder, eche of the 
 were at their owne places; they wrote eche to other to knowe what were best to do, 
 and so they came to London, for they knewe well that the Londoners were nat content 
 with the dethe of the duke their brother. Whan they mette there toguyder, they tooke 
 cousayle, and sayd: Suche dedes ought nat to be suffred, as to putte to dethe so hyghe 
 a price, as was their brother, for ydell wordes and false reportes ; for they sayd, thougli 
 lie spake oftentymes of the breakyng of y peace yet he neuer brake it, and bytwene say- 
 enge and doyng is great difference, for by reason of wordes he ought nat to deserue 
 dethe by suche cruell punycion : these two dukes were in the case to haue put all t.ng- 
 lande to great trouble, and there were ynowe redy to counsayle them therto, and spe- 
 cially them of the erle of Arundelles lynage, and of the erle of Staffordes, whiche was a 
 great kynred in Englande. The kyng as than was at Eltha, and had sente for all suche 
 as helde of hym in chiefe, and he had redy assembled toguyder about London, in Kent, 
 
 4X2 *"'* 
 
 ' Humphrey. 
 
708 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 and Essexe, mo than ten thousande archers ; and sir Johan Hollande his brother vrsg 
 with hym, and therle Marshall, and the erle of Salisbury, and a great nombre of lordes 
 and knyehtes, and the kyng sent to the of London, that they shulde nat receyue the 
 duke of Lancastre. They answered and sayd : they knewe no cause that the duke hadde 
 done, why they shulde refuce hym. The duke of Lancastre was at Lodon, and the erle 
 of Derby his sonne, and also the duke of Yorke, and his sonne Johan, erle of Rutlande ; 
 the kyng loued the erle of Rutlande beyonde measure, who dissymuled the dethe of his 
 vncle the duke of Gloucestre, and shewed howe he wolde gladly se a good peace by- 
 twene the parties, and said howe he knew well that his vncle dyde wronge oftentyraes 
 agaynst the kynge. The Londoners in lykewyse consydred the great myschiefe y myght 
 fall in Englande, by the discencyon bytwene the kynges vncles and the kyng, and their 
 alyaunces ; also they consydred, syth the myschefe was fallen of the duke of Glou- 
 cestres dethe, that there was no recouery therin; they knewe well it was bycause y duke 
 of Gloucestre had been to lauesse of his tonge, and wolde haue styrred the realme to 
 haue broken the trewce bytwene Englande and Fraunce, wherfore suche as were wyse 
 men in the cytie dissymuled the mater, and thought it was no tyme to amende it as than: 
 they feared the puyssauce of Fraunce, and lesynge of their marchaundyse : than they 
 beganne to treate and went as a meane bytwene the king and the duke of Lancastre, who 
 was in many imagynacions, for the dethe of his brother troubled him sore: also he sawe 
 howe his nephue kynge Rycharde was alyed by mariage with the frenche kyng: also y 
 duke of Lancastre had ii. of his doughters out of the lande, one queue of Spayne, ano- 
 ther quene ofPortugale, by whome he thought he shulde haue great ayde if he made 
 warre agaynst his nephue kynge Rycharde. All thynges consydred the duke chaunged 
 liis courage, at the desyre of die londoners, and of other prelates of Englande, who 
 were meane bytwene the kyng and hym, and by their meanes the kynge was agreed with 
 the duke, and peace made. With that the kinge promysed fro thens forwarde to be 
 gouerned by the duke of Lancastre, and to do nothyng but by his counsayle and aduyse, 
 whiche promesse the kynge nothynge fulfylled, but was counsayled by yonge and 
 wylde cousayle, whiche was to his hurte and great domage, as ye shall here after in this 
 hystory. 
 
 Thus the kyng of Englande had peace with his vncles, bycause of the dethe of the 
 duke of Gloucestre: than he beganne to reygne more fiersly than he dyd before ; the 
 Icynge went and lay in Essex, where as the duke of Gloucestre had the chiefe rule, 
 whiche ought to haue pertaygned to Affren," his sonne and heyre ; but the kynge toke 
 all, for the ordynaunce in Englande was, the kynge to haue y warde of all herytours 
 chyldren orphelyns vnder the age of xxi. yeres, and than they to haue their herytages. 
 Thus the kinge tooke the wardeshyppe of his cosyn, the duke of Gloucestres herytour, 
 and the kynge toke the possession and profyte of all the dukes lande, and kepte the 
 chylde with hym: and the duchesse of Gloucestre and her two doughters were with the 
 quene. The duke of Gloucestre by enherytaunce was constable of Englande ; the kynge 
 toke that offyce fro the right heyre, and gaue it to his cosyn the erle of Rutlande. The 
 kynge than kept greater state than euer he dyd, nor there had nat ben no kynge before 
 in Englande that spente so moche yerely by a hundred thousande nobles as he dyd. In 
 lykewyse the kynge had with hym the heyre of the erle of Arundell, who was beheeded 
 at London. And bycause a knyght that was belongyng to the duke of Gloucestre, called 
 Cerbe, spake at a tyme certayne wordes agaynst the kynge and his counsayle, he was 
 taken and beheeded. Syr Johan of Quynghay'' was in great parell, but whan he sawe 
 that the maters went so dyuersely as they dyd, he dyssymuled as moch as he might, 
 
 and 
 
 ' Humphrey, ); Laquinhaj. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 709 
 
 and departed fro the duchesse of Gloucestres house, and wente and dwelt in other 
 places. 
 
 In those dayes there was none so great in Englande y durst speake agaynst any thynge 
 that the kyno- dyd or wolde do ; he had counsayle mete for his appetyte, who exhorted 
 hym to do what he lyst ; the kynge kept styll in his wages ten thousande archers night 
 and day, that wayted on him, for he reputed liymselfe nat perfytely sure of his vncles, 
 nor of the lygnage of Arundell. 
 
 Of the great assemble that was made in the a/lie of Reyns^ as well by the emperour 
 as of the realrne of France, on the state of holy churche. 
 
 CAP. CCXXVII." 
 
 THE same seasone there was a great asseble of gret lordes in the cytie of Reynes,* 
 what of lordes of the empyre and of Fraunce, to the entent to bring the churche to a 
 peace and reste : for the frenche kynge dyd so moche, that at his request his cosyn the 
 kynge of Almayne' came to the cytie of Reynes," with his counsayle, and bycause they 
 wolde nat haue it brewted that they assembled there all onely for the mater bytwene the 
 popes, the one at Rome, and the other at Auygnon, they made it to be noysed that they 
 came thyder to treate for a maryage of the sonne of y marques of Blacquebourge,'' with 
 the doughter of the duke of Orlyaunce : this Marques was brother to the kynge of Al- 
 mayne.^ The frenche kyng lay at the archebysshoppes palayes, and there was with hym 
 the dukes of Orlyauce, Berrey, and Burbon, therle of saynt Powle, and dyuers other 
 hygh barones and prelates of Fraunce: and whan the kinge of Almayne'^ entred into the 
 cytie, all the lordes and prelates, (and kynge Charles of Nauer, who was in lykewyse 
 there), went to mete with hym, and receyued hym honourably; Fyrste, they brought 
 hym to our lady churche, and after into the abbey of saynt Remy, there the kynge of 
 Almayne' laye, and his lordes aboute hym ; and it was ordeyned by the frenche kinge, 
 that what so euer the kynge of Almayne' spent shulde be at the frenche kynges cost ; 
 the almayns had euery day delyuered theym ten tonne of herynge, for it was in 
 Lent tyme, and eyght hundred carpes, besyde other fysshes, whiche was a great 
 charge. 
 
 Whan the kyng of Almayne' came first to the frenche kynge, all the lordes went for 
 hym to "saynt Remy, and so brought him to y kynges palays. Whan these two kynges 
 mette they made great honoure eche to other, and great reuerence, and specyally the 
 frenche kynge, for almayns' of nature are rude and grose manered, without it be to take 
 their profyte, therto they be experte and redy ynough ; all the lordes of Fraunce and of 
 Almayne'^ toke acquayntaunce eche with other, with louyng wordes and countinaunce, 
 and the frenche kynge made the kynge of Almayne," and his company, a great dyner ; 
 at one table there sate, fyrst, the patryarke of Jherusalem, than the king of Almayne' 
 and the frenche kynge, and the kynge of Nauer, there sate no mo at that table: at the 
 other tables sate the lordes and prelates of Almayne ;' no lorde of Frauce sate that day, 
 but sarued. To the kynges borde the meate was brought by the dukes of Berrey, and of 
 Burbone, the erie of saynt Powle, and by other great lordes of Frauce. The duke of 
 Orlyauce set euery man downe. Vessell of golde and syluer ranne plentuously through 
 
 the 
 
 I Rheims. ^ Chapter CCXXIII. 5 Germany. t Brandenburgli. 
 
710 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 the palays, as though it had ben but of wode or erthe ; it was a sumptuous dyner. 
 And as I was enfourmed the fVenche icynge gaue to his cosyn the kyng of Almayne* all 
 the vessell and plate of golde and syluer that was serued that day in the palays at the 
 dresser or elswhere, and all other hangynges and habylymentes in the hall and cham- 
 bre, whervnto the kynge retrayed after dynner, and spyces and wyne taken. This 
 gyft was praysed and valewed to two hundred thousande Horayns ; and more oner there 
 was gyuen to tlie other almayns* great gyftes and goodly presentes of vessell and plate of 
 golde and syluer, wherof the straungers tliat were there had great marueyle of the state 
 and puyssaunce, and great ryches of the realme of Frauce. These kinges thus aby- 
 dynge in the cytie of Reynes,'' their counsayles mette togyther dyuers tymes on the 
 maters that they came thyder for, as well for the maryage of the duke of Orlyaunces 
 doughter with the Marques of Blancquebourges*" Sonne, as for the reformacyon of the 
 churche ; at laste the maryage was concluded and openly publysshed through the cytie, 
 but as for the mater consernynge the popes, there was nothynge knowen therof out of 
 thecounsayle, for all that was concluded in the counsayle was kept secrete. Afterwarde 
 I was enfourmed, how it was agreed that maister Peter Daylly, bysshop of Cambraye, 
 shulde go in legacyon fro the frenche kynge, and fro the kynge of Almayne," to Rome, 
 to hym that was called pope Bonyface, that he shulde submyt hymselfe to haue a newe 
 electyon of a pope, and in lykewyse to y other pope at Auygnon : and if so be that any 
 of them wolde nat agree therto, to abyde the ordre of these two kynges, he to be dys- 
 grated, and all ryghtes of the churche to be kepte fro hym, and the frenche kynge to 
 comprise to his agrement his sonne in lawe the kynge of Englande, and the kynge of 
 scottes, kynge Henry of Spayne, kynge Johan of Portugale, kynge Charles of Nauer, 
 and the kyng of Aragon : and y kinge of Almayne,"" shulde compryse his brother Loys 
 kynge of Hungery, and all the realme of Boesme,'* and Almayne," to Pruce -.^ and it 
 was ordeyned that whan this bysshop of Cambrey was retourned fro the somonyng of 
 these two popes, than he to go into all the sayd realmes their alyes. Thus these two 
 kynges sware to holde without varyacyon or let. Thus ended their counsayle at that 
 tyme. The kynges and lordes departed amyably, and euery man tooke leaue and de- 
 parted and went home. 
 
 At this counsayle at Reynes'' the duke of Burgoyne was nat, nor wolde nat be, for he 
 sayd before that it was but a payne, and a thynge loste to gyue any thynge to the almayns," 
 for they kepe no promesse nor couenaut ; howelieit, for all the dukes wordes there was 
 nothynge left, for the mater went forthe as ye haue herde. And anon after, the bysshop 
 of Cambraye made hym redy, and tooke his waye to Rome. Also the frenche kynge 
 sent a great ambassade into Englande to se y kyng and the quene, and to shewe them of 
 this mater, and so they dyd : and whan they retourned they shewed the frenche kynge 
 liowe the kynge of Englande wolde take the same way that the kynge of Almayne," and 
 the Frenche kynge wolde do. So they were all concluded, if nede were, to be as^newter. 
 Thus this mater stode in this case. Kynge Charles of Nauer who was in Frauce to se 
 the kynge his cosyn, trustyng to recouer his herytage of Normandy, and of the countie 
 of Ewrus,' the whiche the Frenche kynge had taken fro hym, as ye haue herde here be- 
 fore, but he coulde nat attayne therto by no meanes, what so euer he shewed or sayd : 
 and whan the kynge of Nauerre sawe that he lost his payne, and labored in vayne, he 
 toke the mater in great dyspleasure, and toke his leaue as sobrely as he coulde, nat well 
 contente with the frenche kynge nor with his counsayle, and so retourned into the 
 realme of Nauerre. 
 
 Nowe 
 
 * Germany, * Rheims. '_ Brandenburgh. * Bohemia. ! Prussia. 
 
 ' Evreux, 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 711 
 
 Nowe lette vs leaue speak ynge of them, and speke of other accydentes that fell in 
 Englande, wherby folowed so great yuell, that the lyke hath nat ben written of in this 
 hystory : here foloweth tlie entre and begynnynge of the mater. 
 
 Howe the erle Marshall in Englande apealed hy gage of vllerauce the erle of Derby, 
 Sonne to the duke of Lancastre, in the presence of the kynge and his counsayle. 
 
 CAP. CCXXVIII.^ 
 
 KINGE Richard of Englande hadde a condycion, tliat if he loued a man, he wolde 
 make hym so great and so nere him that it was marucyle to consydre, and no man 
 durste speke to the contrary; and also he wolde lightly beleue soner than any other 
 kynge of remembrance before hym : and suche as were nere aboute hym and in his 
 grace tooke no ensample of other that had ben great with the kyng before them, as the 
 duke of Irelande, who was put out of Englande, and also syr Symon Burley, who by 
 reason of suche counsayle as he gaue to the kynge he was beheeded, and syr Robert 
 Treuylyan,'' and syr Nycholas Bramble," and other, that had been of the kynges coun- 
 sayle, wherfore they suffred dethe, for the duke of Gloucestre dyd all his payne to dys- 
 troy them, and yet fynally he loste his lyfe, as ye haue herde: wherof suche as were 
 than aboute the kynge Avas nothynge sory, wherby some that were aboute the kynge 
 rose into suche pride that it was marueyle, and in so moche that they coulde nat coloure 
 nor hyde it, and specyally the erle Marshall, who was as great in the kynges fauoure 
 as myght be ; and to the entente to please the kynge and to flatter hym, he made the 
 kynge beleue that he was a trewe, faythfull, and a secrete seruaunt, and that he coulde 
 nat endure to here any worde spoken agaynst the kynge, and tolde the kynge many 
 thynges to haue the kynges loue ; howebeit, often tymes a man thynketh to be 
 auaunced, and is pulled backe ; and so it fortuned of the erle Marshall ; I shall shewe 
 you howe. 
 
 Ye muste knowe that the erle of Derby and the duke of Gloucestre deed had to their 
 ■wyues two susters, doughters to the erle of Hereforde and of Northamton, constable of 
 Englande ; so the chyldren of the erle of Derby and the duke of Gloucestre were cosya 
 germayns by their mother syde, and within a degre as nere of kynne by their fathers 
 syde. To say trouth, the dethe of the duke of Gloucestre was ryght dyspleasaunt 
 to many great lordes of Englande, and often tymes they wolde speke and murmure 
 therat whan they were togyder, and the kynge than was so hygh vppon the whele that 
 no man durste speke but the kynge knewe it, for he had caused to be spoken abrode in 
 the realme, that whalsoeuer he were that spake any wordes of the duke of Gloucestre 
 or of the erle of Arundell, he shulde be reputed as a traytour, wherfore the people 
 durst nat speke : and on a day the erle of Derby and the erle Marshall comnmned togy- 
 der of dyuers maters; at last anionge other they spake of the state of the kynge and of 
 his counsayle, suche as he had about hym and beleued them: so that at the last the erle of 
 Derby spake certayne wordes which he thought for the best, wenynge that they shulde 
 neuer haue ben called to rehersall, whiche wordes were nouther vylenous nor outragy- 
 ous, for he sayde thus: Saint Mary, fayre cosyn, what thynketh the kynge oure cosyn 
 to do ? wyll he driue out of Englande all the noble men ? within a whyle there shal be 
 
 none 
 
 '. Chapter CCXXIV. " Tresillian. ' Braraber, 
 
712 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 none left: it semelh clerely that he wylleth nat the augmentacyon of his realme. The 
 erle marshall gaue none aunswere, but dissimuled the mater, and toke it that he spake 
 agaynst the kyngc, and thought in hymselfe that the Erie of Derby was ryght lykely 
 to make great trouble in Englande, bycause he was so great with the londoners, and 
 the dyuell was redy to styrre his brayne, and that ihynge that shall fall can nat be 
 eschewed. 
 
 So he thought to shewe this mater to the kynge, whan noble me shulde be presente ; 
 and on a day to please the kynge, he sayde : Ryght dere syr, I am of youre lygnage, 
 and ame your lyege man and marshall of Englande ; wherfore, sir, I am bounde to you 
 by mynealliegeaunce, and othe sworne, my handes in yours, that I shulde be in no place 
 hearynge any thynge contrarye to your mageste royall, and shulde kepe it secrete: I 
 ought to be reputed as a false traytour, whiche I wyll nat be, for I wyll trewly acquyte 
 me agaynst you and all the worlde. The kynge loked on hym, and demaunded and 
 sayd : Why say you these wordes? we wyll know it- My right redouted souerayne 
 lorde, quod the erle Marshall, I saye it bycause I canne nat sufTre any thynge that 
 shulde be preiudyciall or agaynst your grace. Syr, cause the erle of Derby to come be- 
 fore you, and than I shall shewe you more. Than the erle of Derby was sente for, and 
 the kynge comaunded the erle Marshall to stande vp, for he was on his knee whyle he 
 spake to the kynge : and whan the erle of Derby was before the kyng, who thought 
 none yuell, than the erle Marshall sayde: Syr erle of Derby, I say to you, ye haue 
 thought yuell and spoken otherwyse than ye ought to do agaynste your naturall lorde 
 the kynge of Englande, whan ye sayde that he was nat worthy to holde lande or realme, 
 seynge without lawe or iustyce, without counsayle of any of his noble men, he distourb- 
 eth his realme, and without tytell or good reason putteth out of his realme and dys- 
 troyeth them who ought to ayde and susteyne him ; wherfore here I cast my gage, and 
 wyll prone with my body agaynst yours, that ye are an yuell false traytour. The erle 
 of Derby was sore abasshed with those wordes, and stepte backe a lytell and stode styll 
 a season without demaundynge of his Father or of any other what aunswere he shulde 
 make: whan he had studyed a lytell, he stept forthe with his cappe in his hande, and 
 came before the kynge and the erle Marshall, and sayd : Erie Marshall, I saye thou arte 
 an yuell and a false traytour, and y I shall proue, my body agaynst thyne, and in that 
 quarell here is my gauge. Therle Marshall, whan he herde howe he was apealed, 
 shewed howe he desyred the batayle. With that the erle of Derby aunswered and 
 sayde : I sette your wordes at the kynges pleasure, and other lordes that be here, and I 
 tourne your wordes to a mocke and myne to be true. Than eche of these eries drewe 
 to their company and lygnage, so that the manner of takynge of wyne and spyces was 
 lette passe, for the kyng shewed hymselfe to be right sore displeased, and so entred 
 into his chambre, and left his two vncles without and all their chyldren, and the erles 
 of Salysbury and Huntyngdon his bretherne. Than anone after, the kynge sent for his 
 vncles, and entred into his chambre : thanne the kynge demaunded of them what was best 
 to do in this mater. Syr, quod they, cause your constable to come before you, and than 
 we shall shewe you our opynyons. Than the erle of Rutlande, who was constable, was 
 sente for, and whan he was come, than he was commaunded to go to the erle of Derby 
 and to the erle Marshall, and to take suretye of theym, that they go nat out of the 
 realme of Englande Avithout the kynges lycence. The constable dyd as he was co- 
 maunded, and than retourned agayne to the kynges chambre. 
 
 Ye maye well knowe this matter greatly troubled the courte, and many lordes and 
 knyghtes were sore dyspleased of that aduenture, and secretly they greatly blamed the 
 erle Alarshall, but he made as though he had set nothyng by the mater, his hert was so 
 
 proudp 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 7IS 
 
 proude and presumptuous. Thus the lordes departed for y day. The duke of La- 
 castre, whatsoeuer coutynaunce he made, he was sore displeased with these wordes, 
 and he thou2;ht the kynge shulde nat haue taken the mater as he dyd, but shulde rather 
 haue tourned it to nothynge, and so thought the moste parte of all the lordes of Eng- 
 lande. The erle of Derby went and lay at London, and helde his estate at his owne 
 lodorynge ; and there were pledges for him, the duke of Lancastre his father, the duke 
 of yorke, the Erie of Nortliumberlande, and dyuers other lordes : and the erle Mar- 
 shall was sente to the towre of London, and there helde his estate. These two lordes 
 made prouysyon, for that was necessary for them for their batayle. The erle of Derby 
 sent his messangers into Lombardy to the duke of Myllayne syr Galeas, for to haue 
 armurc at his pleasure. The duke agreed to the erles desyre, and caused the knight 
 that the erle had sent thyder, whose name was Fraunces, to se all the dukes armorye ; 
 and whan the knyght had chosen suche as he lyked, than the duke furthermore for 
 lone of the erle of Derby, he sent four of y best armorers that were in Lombardy to the 
 erle into Englande with the knight, to the entent that they shulde arme and make ar- 
 mure acordynge to the erles entente. The erle Marshall on his parte sent into Almayn* 
 and into other places to prouyde him for that iourney. The charge of these two lordes 
 was greate, but the erle of Derby was at moost charge. The erle Marshall, whan he 
 beganne that busynesse, he thought to haue had more ayde of the kynge than he had, 
 for suche as were nere aboute the kynge sayd to him: Syr, ye haue nothyng to do to 
 medle bytwene these two lordes; dyssymule you the mater, and let them deale ; they 
 wyli do well ynough. Sir, ye knowe well the erle of Derby is well beloued in the 
 realme, and specyally with the Londoners, and if they se that ye shulde take parte with 
 the erle Marshall, ye were lyke to lose their loue therby for euer. The kynge vnder- 
 stode well their wordes, and knew well it was trewe : he than dissymuled the mater as 
 moche as he coulde, and suffred them to make their prouysyon where they lyst. 
 
 The newes spredde abrode in dyuers countreys of the defyaunce bytwene the erle of 
 Derby and the erle Marshall : many men spake therof in dyuers maners, and specyally 
 in Fraunce. They sayd: lette theym alone, the knyghtes of Englande are ouer proude; 
 at length they wyll dystroy eche other, for it is the worste nacyon in the worlde vnder 
 the Sonne, for in y realme dwelleth the moste presumptuous people that canne be. 
 Other there were that spake more soberly, and sayde : that the kynge of Englande 
 shewed no wysdome, nor was nat well counsayled, whanne for wylde wordes he to 
 sufFre suche two noble men of his blode to enterprise armes in defyaunce ; he shulde 
 rather whan he herde the wordes fyrste, haue sayde to them bothe : ye are two lordes of 
 my blode and lygnage, wherfore I comaunde you bothe to be in peace, and lette nouther 
 hate nor rancoure engendre bytwene you, but be frendes, louers, and cosyns togyther; 
 and if this lande canne nat conlente you, go into what countrey ye wyll, and seke ad- 
 uentures of armes there. If the kynge had sayde those wordes, and apeased these 
 lordes thus, than he had done wysely. The duke of Lancastre was sore dyspleased in 
 his mynde to se the kynge his nephewe mysse vse hymselfe in dyuers thynges as he 
 dyd ; he consydred the tyme to come lyke a sage prince, and somtyme sayd to suche as 
 he trusted best : Our nephue the kynge of Englande wyll shame all or he cease : he be- 
 leueth to lyghtly yuell counsayle who shall distroy hym, and symply (if he lyue longe) 
 he wyll lese his realme, and that hath been goten with moche coste and trauayle by our 
 predecessours and by vs ; he sufFreth to engendre in this realme bytwene the noble men 
 hate and dyscorde, by whom he shulde be serued and honoured, and this lande kepte 
 and douted. He hath caused my brother to dye, whiche is one thynge to be noted, and 
 
 Vol. IL 4 Y the 
 
 • Germany. 
 
714 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 the erle of Aruntlell, bycause they shewed hyni trouthe : but he wolde nat liere them 
 nor none other that wolde cousayle hyin agaynst his appetyte: he caiine nat better 
 dystroye his reahne than to put trouble and hatred bytwene the noble men and good 
 townes: the frencheinen are right subtyle ; lor one myschiefe that falleth amonge vs, 
 they wolde it were ten, for otherwyse they canne nat recouer their domages, nor come 
 to their ententes, but by our owne meanes and dyscorde bytwene ourselfe ; and we se 
 dayly that all realmes deuyded are dystroyed ; it hath been sene by the realme of 
 Fraunce, Spayne, Naples, and by landes of the churche, as we maye se dayly by the 
 two popes, whiche is and shall be to their dystructyon ; also it hath been sene by the 
 countrey of" Flaunders, howe by their owne meanes they are distroyed ; also presently 
 it is sene by the lande of Frece,* with whome our cosyns of I laynalt are in warre, and 
 liowe the frenchemen amonge theymselfe are dystroyed ; in lykewyse amonge our- 
 selfe, without god prouyde for vs, we shall dystroy our selfe ; the apparaunce therof 
 sheweth greatly. Nowe the kynge suflTeretli that my sonne and heyre shall do batayle 
 for a thynge of nought, and I that am his father maye nat speake to the contrary, for 
 myne owne honoure and for my sonnes, for my sonne hathe the body of a knyght 
 mete to entre into armes agaynst the erle Marshall ; howbeit, take the best therof, 
 they shall neuer loue agayne togyder as they dyd before. Thus said the duke of 
 Lancastre. 
 
 All the seasone that these two lordes dyd prouyde to do dedes of armes at vtteraunce 
 the duke of Lancastre came neuer at y kyng, nor but lytell at his sonne, and that he 
 dyd for a polycy : for the Duke knewe well y his sonne was marueylously well beloued 
 in Englande, both with noble men and with other, and specyally with the londoners, 
 for they had promysed and sayd to hym : Syr, be ye of good comforte in this busynesse, 
 for howesoeuer the matter tourne, ye shall scape with honour, Avhether the kynge Avyll 
 or nat, or all the Marmosettes aboute hym, for we knowe well this mater is made and 
 conueyed by enuy, to the entente to driue you out of the realme, bycause ye be well 
 beloued with many men ; and if so be that ye departe in trouble, ye shall entre agayne 
 with ioye, for ye ought rather to rule than Rycharde of Burdeaulx : for they that wyli 
 seke out the profoundenesse of the mater, maye well knowe fro whence ye came, and 
 fro whence he came, wherby they maye knowe y ye be more nerer to the crowne of 
 Englande than Rycharde of Burdeaulx, though we liaue made to hym faythe and ho- 
 mage, and haue helde hym for our kyng more thanne this twenty yere ; but that was 
 by fauour and purchase of his grauntfather good kynge Edwarde, who douted of this 
 poynte that we nowe speke of, and on a tyme great question was made bytwene kyng 
 Edwarde your grauntf:ither by youre father syde, and duke Henry of Lancastre your 
 grauntfather by your mother syde, the Lady Blaunche of Lancastre ; but the lordes of 
 Englande that than reygned apeased the matter, for kynge Edwarde was so valyaunt a 
 man, and so happy in all his enterprises, that he had the loue of all his people poore 
 and riche ; nor also your grauntfather of Lancastre wolde nothynge to the Kynge but 
 well and good, and serued the kynge in his tyme nobly and trewly, so that he is as yet 
 to be recommaunded. These maters well consydred by kynge Rycharde, he myght 
 well repente hym that he is no better gouerned than he is. Suche wordes these lon- 
 doners spake : thoughe they knewe but lytell of the trouth, that they spake was of a syn- 
 guler fauoure. The erle of Derby receyued their wordes well aworthe, and dayly pre- 
 pared for the batayle, and he desyred his frendes to be at that iourney, and so euery man 
 prepared hymselfe, accordynge to the Erles desyre. 
 
 The 
 
 . ' Friezland. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 715 
 
 The kynge all the season that these two lordes prepared for their batayle he had many 
 ymagynacyons, whether he shulde suffre them to fyght or nat. Thoughe he were 
 kynge of Eiiglande, and more douted than any other kyngc before hym, yet nyght and 
 daye he kept about hym a garde of two thousande archers, wlio were payed their wages 
 wekely : for the kynge trusted nat greatly in theym that were nexte of his blode, excepte 
 his brother the erle of Huntyngton, and the erle of Salisbury, and the evle of Rutlande, 
 his cosyn gennayne, sonne to the duke of yorke, who was well in the kynges fauoure. 
 and certayne knightes of his chambre: as for all other he cared lytell for. Whan the 
 day aproched that these two lordes shulde do their dedes of amies as they hadde pro- 
 niysed, and had euery thynge redy prepared, than on a daye, certayne of the kynges 
 counsayle came to the kynge, and demaunded what was his entencyon that these two 
 lordes shulde do, and sayde : Sir, Avyll ye suffre theym to fyght? Ye truelye, quod 
 the kyng ; why shulde they nat? we wyll se their dedes of armes: paraduenture we 
 shall knowe therby that we knowe nat as yet, and shulde be right necessary to knowe, 
 to the entente we shulde prouyde for it : for there is none so great in Englande but if he 
 displease me 1 shall cause hym to make me aniendes ; for if I shulde any thynge sub- 
 niytte me to my subiettes, they wolde soone ouercome me ; and I knowe for certaygne 
 that some of theym of my blode haue hadde dyuers treatyse toguyder agaynste me and 
 myne estate, and the moost princypall of the was the duke of Gloucestre, for in all 
 Englande was natte a worse hedde agaynst me than he was. Nowe I shall haue peace 
 fro hense forwarde, for I shall do well ynough with all the other ; but, sirs, I praye you 
 shewe me why ye make this demaude to me. Sir, quod they, we are bounde to coun- 
 sayle you ; and, sir, we often tymes here wordes spoken that ye canne nat here, for, sir, 
 ye be in youre chambre, and we abrode in the coutrey or in London, where many 
 thynges be spoken whiche greatlye toucheth you and vs also. Sir, it were tyme to 
 prouyde remedy, and so ye muste do: sir, we counsayle you for the best. Howe so? 
 quod the kynge ; speke further and spare natte, for I wyll do euery thynge parteynyng 
 to reason, and minyster iustyce in my realme. Sir, quod they, the renoume ronneth 
 throughout Englande, and specially in the cytie of London, whiche is the soueraygne 
 cytie of youre realme ; they saye ye are cause of this enterprice bytwene these two 
 lordes, and that ye haue sette the erle Marshall to fyght with the erle of Derby. 
 
 The Londoners and dyuers other noble men and prelates of y realme saye, howe ye 
 take the ryght waye to distroye your lygnage and the realme of Englande, whiche 
 thynge they saye they wyll natte suffre; and if the Londoners rise agaynste you, with 
 suche noble men as wyll take their parte, ye shall be of no puyssauce to resyst theym ; 
 and also they haue you in a marueylous suspecte, bycause ye be alyed by maryage with 
 the Frenche kynge, wherby ye be the worse beloued of all youre people; and, sir, 
 knowe for certayne, that if ye sviffre these two Erles to come into the place to do ba- \ 
 tayle, ye shall nat be lorde of the felde, but the Londoners and suche lordes of their 
 parte wyll rule the felde, for the loue and fauoure that they beare to the erle of Derby : 
 and the erle Marshall is soore hated, and specially the Londoners wolde he were slayne; 
 and thre partes of the people of Englande saye, that whan ye harde y wordes fyrst by- 
 twene these two erles, that ye shulde haue done otherwyse than ye dyd, and that ye 
 shulde haue broken the quarell, and haue sayd : Sirs, ye are bothe my cosyns and lyeg- 
 men, therfore I commaunde you to kepe the peace fro hensforthe : and shulde haue 
 taken the Erie of Derby by the hande and haue ledde hym into youre chambre, and 
 haue shewed hym some signe of loue ; and bycause ye dyde nat thus, the brute ronneth 
 that ye beare fanour to the erle Marshalles partie, and are agaynst the erle of Derby : 
 sir, consyder well these wordes that we shewe you, for they be trewe: sir, ye had neuer 
 more nede of good counsayle tlian ye haue nowe. Whan the kynge herde these wordes, 
 
 4 Y2 he 
 
716 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 he chaungecl countynauce, the wordes were so quickely spoken ; thervvith the kynge 
 tourned fro them, and leaned out at a wyndowe, and studyed a certayne space, and 
 tlian he tourned agayne to them tliat had spoken to hym, who were the archebysshoppe 
 of yorke, and the Erles of Salisbury and of Huntingdon his bretherne, and thre other 
 knightes of his chanibre ; than he sayde to them: Sirs, I haue well herde you, and if I 
 shulde refuce your counsayle, I were greatly to blame ; wherfore, sirs, consyder what is 
 beste for me to do. Sir, quod one of theym that spake for all, the matter that we haue 
 spoken of is ryght peryllous ; ye muste dissymule the mater if ye wyli haue youre ho- 
 nour saued and to make peace ; and, sir, ye ought rather to entertayne the generaltie of 
 your realme than the ydell wordes of two knyghtes: but, sir, the brute thoroughe out 
 all the realme of Englande is, howe the erle Marshall hathe greatlye trespassed, and 
 hath renewed to many yuell thinges, and daylye reneweth, and the realme taketh all 
 his wordes in vayne, and saith, how that by his ydell wordes he wolde reise a processe 
 agaynst the erle of Derby, and to bringe the lande into trouble : first, they say it were 
 better that he abode the payne, and the erle of Derby to be quyte. Sir, we thynke, 
 that or they shulde arme the to mete togyder, that ye shulde sende to them and cause 
 the to be bounde to abyde youre ordynaunce in this enterprise ; and whan they be 
 surely bounde to abyde youre sentence, than ye maye gyue theym this iudgemente : 
 That within fyftene dayes after, the erle Marshall to auoyde the realme, without any 
 truste euer to retourne agayne; and therle of Derby in lykewyse to auoyde the realme, 
 and to be banysshed for tenne yere ; and whan he shall departe the realme (to please the 
 people withall) release foure yere of the tenne, and so let hym be banysshed for sixe yere 
 without pardone. This is the counsayle, sir, that we wyll gyue you ; for, sir, in no 
 wyse let them be armed one agaynst another, for the inconuenyentes that maye fall 
 therby. The kynge studyed a lytell, and sayde : Sirs, ye counsayle me trewly, and I 
 shall folowe youre counsayle. 
 
 Howe kynge Richarde gaue sentence, wherby he banysshed out of Englande therle of 
 Derby for x. yere, and the erle Marshall for euer. 
 
 CAP. CCXXIX.' 
 
 ANONE after that this cousayle was gyuen to the kynge, he assembled great nombre 
 of prelates and grete lordes of Englande, and they came to hym to Eltha ; there was 
 his two vncles, the duke of Lancastre and the duke of yorke, the erles of Northumber- 
 lande, of Salysbury, and of Huntyngton : than the kynge sente for the erle of Derby 
 and the erle Marshall, and sette eche of them in a seuerall chabre. The kynge shewed 
 howe he wolde be a meane bytwene them, and howe their wordes hadde greatly dis- 
 pleased hym, and that they were suche that ought nat lyghtly to be pardoned, wher- 
 fore he wolde in all poyntes they shulde submytte themselfe, and to abyde his ordy- 
 naunce in that behalfe. Than he ordayned the constable of Englande and foure other 
 great lordes to go to the erle of Derby and to therle Marshall to take their bondes to 
 abyde the kynges ordynaunce. 
 
 These lordes came to the sayd erles, and shewed them the kynges pleasure, and how 
 the kynge wolde take the matter on hym : so they bounde themselfe to abyde the kynges 
 order. Than the kynge sayde : I ordaygne and commaunde that the erle Marshall, 
 
 bycause 
 
 • Chapter CCXXV. "" 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 717 
 
 bycause he hath broua;ht this realme into this trouble, by reason of his wordes, wherin 
 hecanne nat make prof'e, That he ordayne himselfe to auoide this realme of Englande, 
 and goo dwell in what pluce he lyste out therof, and that he be banysshed in suche wyse 
 that he neuer retourne agayne : and also I ordayne, that the erle of Derby our cosyn, 
 bycause he bathe displeased vs, and that he is the chiefe cause of the banysshment of 
 therle Marshall, That within this fyftene dayes he auoyde the realme of Englande, and 
 to be banysshed for tenne yeres without retournynge, excepte we repeale hym agayne, 
 the whiche shall alwayes lye in our pleasure. 
 
 This sentence greatly contented the lordes that were there present, and they sayde: 
 the erle of Derby maye well ynoughe go and sporte hym out of the realme for two or 
 thre yeres, he is yonge ynoughe ; thoughe he haue been sore traueyled in his dayes in 
 farre countreis, as into Pruce," and to the holy Sepulchre, to Cayre,'' and to saynt 
 Katheryns mount : so he may do yet, goo some other voyages to passe the tyme if he 
 lyste ; he knoweth wyll ynoughe whider to go ; he hath two susters, one queue of 
 Spaygne, the other quene of Portugale ; he maye well passe the tyme with them, and 
 also as nowe there is no warre: whan he cometh into Spaygne he maye moue theym to 
 make warrre vpon the Sarazyns, and to make a voyage into Granade, wherby he maye 
 better enploye his tyme than abydynge in Englande, or elles he maye goo into Heynalte 
 to his brother'' and cosyn the Erie of Ostreuaunt, who wyll receyue hym with great 
 ioye and retaygne hym, for he hathe warre with the Fresons ; and in Haynaulte he 
 maye dayly here newes out of Englande and fro his children ; he can natte go amysse goo 
 where he wyll ; and the kynge maye repeale hym agayne by good meanes whan it shall 
 please hym, for he is one of the fayrest floures in his garlande ; he shall nat be longe 
 absente, if the kynge purpose to haue the loue of his people ; but the erle Marshalle 
 is in a farre worse case, for he is banysshed without hope for euer to retourne agayne; 
 and to saye the trouthe, he hath well deserued it, for all this myschiefe is come by hym 
 and by his wordes. Thus dyuers knyghtes and squyers of Englande talked toguyder 
 one with another the same daye that the kynge gaue the sayde iugemet. 
 
 Howe the erle of Derby departed fro London to go into Fraunce, and the erle MarsJiall 
 went into Flamiders and so into Lorabardy. 
 
 CAP. CCXXX." 
 
 WHAN these two Erles sawe what sentence y kynge had gyuen theym, they were 
 ryght sore pensyue, and good cause why. The erle Marshall sore repented hym of 
 that he had said and done, for whan he began the mater he thought otherwyse to haue 
 ben borne out by the kynge than he was : for if he hadde knowen as moche before he 
 wolde neuer haue begon the matter. Whan he sawe there was no remedy, he made 
 hym redy, and made his exchaung fro London to Bruges, and so cae to Calays, where 
 as he had been capitayne, and there toke his leaue and so went to Bruges, and there 
 taryed a fyftene dayes, and than to Gaunt, and so to Maynges,' and finally to Col- 
 loigne. 
 
 Lette vs leaue spekyng of hym, and speke of the erle of Derby, who prepared hyra- 
 selfe in lykewise to departe out of Englande, accordyng to the kynges sentece. 
 
 Whan 
 
 • Prussia. -^ Cairo, = " In arms.'* ■■ Chapter CCXXVI. ' Mechlin. 
 
718 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 Whan his daye of departure aproched he came to Eltham to the kynge, where as the 
 duke of Lacastre his father was, and the duke of yorke with them, the erle of Norihutn- 
 berlande, and sir Henry Percy his sonne, with a great nombre of other kny^htes and 
 squyers of Englande, suciie as loued hym, and were soore displeased of the fortune 
 that iie muste auoyde the reahne. These lordes came thyder to se what ende the kynge 
 wolde make in the mater, of whose comyng the kynge made semblaunt to be right ioy- 
 fuU, and made them great chere, and helde a great court ; also there was the erle of 
 Salisbury, and the erle of Huntyngton, brother to the kyng, who hadde to his wyfe the 
 duke of Lancastres doughter, and suster to the erle of Derby: these two lordes came 
 to therle of Derby ; I knovve nat if they dissymuled or nat: at the erles departynge the 
 kynge humyled hym greatly to his cosyn of Derby, and said : As Godde helpe me, it 
 right greatly displeaseth me the wordes that hath been bytwene you and the Erie Mar- 
 shalle ; but the sentence that I haue gyuen is for the beste, and for to apease therby the 
 people, who greatly murmured on this matter; wherfore, cosyn, yet to ease you som- 
 what of your payne, I release my iudgement fro tenne yere to syxe yere. Cosyn, take 
 this aworthe, and ordayne you therafter. The erle answered and sayd : Sir, I thake 
 your grace, and whan it shall please you ye shall do me more grace. All the lordes 
 that were there were well contented with the kynge as for that tyme. Than euery man 
 departed, and some went to London with the erle of Derby. The Erie made all his 
 prouisyon at Doner to passe to Calays ; and the erle beyng at London or his departure 
 was counsayled by his father for to go streight to the Frenche kynge and to his cosyns 
 in J'raunce ; and accordynge to his fathers counsayle so he dyde, or elles he wolde 
 Iiaue gone to the erle of Ostreuaunt his brother'' and cosyn. Whan the Erie departed 
 fro London, there were in the stretes mo thanne fourtie thousande men, wepyng and 
 cryeng after hym, that it was pytie to here; and soe said : O gentyll erle of Derby, 
 shall we thus leaue you? This realme shall neuer be in ioye tyil ye retourne agayne ; 
 but the daye of retourne is very longe, for enuy, falsehed, and trayson hath putte you 
 out of this realme, where as ye ought to abyde rather tha many other, for ye are of 
 suche lynage, and of so noble blode, that none ought to be compared to you ; and gen- 
 tyll erle, why shalle we leaue you ? ye neuer dyde nor thought yuell. 
 
 : Thus men and women pituously spake : He was nat conueyed out of the cytie with 
 i instrumentes, but with lamentable wepynges ; and some sayd secretelye : Cosyder the 
 order of these people, what displeasure they take for a small occasyon ; whosoeuer wolde 
 styrre the Londoners to ryse agaynst the kyng, he might than go seke further, and flye 
 out of the realme rather than the erle of Derby ; but it is as nowe no tyme, sithe the 
 duke of Lacastre his father suffreth it, Ave must nedes sufTre it. The mayre of Lodon 
 and a great nombre of the chiefe burgesses accompanyed therle of Derby out of the 
 cytie: some rode to Dartforde and some to Douer, and sawe hym take shippyng, and 
 than they retourned: and the erle of Derby, or he came to Calais, he hadde sent a 
 knight and an heraulde to the Frenche kyng, and to his brother the duke of Orlyaunce, 
 and to y kynges vncles, the dukes of Berrey, of Burbon, and of Burgoyn, to knowe the 
 kynges pleasure if he wolde suffre the Erie to abyde at Parys, and to kepe there his 
 house, and to pay for euery thyng that he or his men shulde take. To this request the 
 Frenche kynge and his vncles lightly agreed, and shewed that tliey were right ioyfull 
 of his comynge, and said, howe they were ryght sorie of the erles trouble. These mes- 
 sangers returned to Calais, and founde the erle redy there. The freche kynge sent sir 
 Charles of Hangers to open all the cyties and townes bytwene Calais and Paris, to re- 
 ceyue therle and his copany. Thus the erle of Derby departed fro Calays, and toke 
 the waye to Amyence, and in euery place he was well receyued. 
 
 Howe 
 ^ i. e. In arms. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 719 
 
 Howe the lorde Guilli/am, erle of Oslreuaunt, sente to his cosyn therle of Derby cer- 
 tayne messangers ; and howe therle came to Paris, and hotye he jyas receyued. 
 
 C A P. CCXXXI/ 
 
 THE erle of Ostreuaut beyng at Q_uesnoy, assone as he knewe that his Cosyn the 
 erle of Derby was passed the see, and was come to Calais, he ordayned sir Auncell of 
 Trassagetes'' and sir Fierebras of Vertayne to ride to Calais, and to desyre the erle of 
 Derby to come into Heynaulte to sporte hym and to abyde there a season, promysynge 
 hym to haue good chere. These two knyghtes departed fro Quesnoy, and rode to 
 Cambrey and to Bapames, for they hcrde newes that the erle was departed fro Calais, 
 and hadde taken the >vaye to Aniyece and so to go to Parys. These two knyghtes 
 mette hym by the waye ; they spake with hym and dyde their message, so that the Erie 
 thanked them, and also his cosyn that had sent them to him ; and than he excused hym- 
 selfe, and sayd howe he had made his prouisyon to go into Fraunce as at that tyme to 
 the Frenche kynge and to his cosyns of Fraunce, but he wolde nat renounce the curtesy 
 that his cosyn of Heynalt had shewed hym. Than these two knightes departed and 
 retourned, and shewed therle of Ostreuaunt what they had sene and done: and therle 
 of Derby and his company rode so long that he aproclied nere to Parys. Wha the kyng 
 and the duke of Orlyaunce and his vncles knewe that the erle of Derby came to Paris, 
 he prepared his chabers in his place of saynt Poule ricliely to receyue therle, and caused 
 all lordes to issue out of the cytie to receyue hym, and the kyng taryed at the house of 
 saynt Poule. First mette hym the duke of Berrey and the duke of Orlyauce, and than 
 the duke of Burgoyne and the duke of Burbon, and other noble prelates, lordes, and 
 knightes : at the metyng there was frendiy chere, and so in good order they entred into 
 Paris with great ioye. The same daye one great mysfortune fell : there was a squyer 
 named Boniface mounted on a great coursar, whiche horse rose vpright vpon his hynder 
 fete and fell backewarde, and the squyers hedde lyght vpon the stones, that his hedde 
 clone asonder and so dyed : of whose dethe the duke of Orlyaunce was ryrht sorie, for 
 he loued hym entierly, and so dyde the lorde of Coucy in his dayes, for he brought 
 hym into Frauce out of Lombardy, 
 
 Thus they came to the house of saynt Poule, Avhere the kynge was, who receyued the 
 erle nobly ; and therle was sage and wyse, and knewe moch of that parteyned to ho- 
 nour: he made his reuerece, and acquaynted hym with the kynge after good maner so 
 moche that he greatly pleased the kynge, and for good loue he gaue the erle his deuyse 
 to weare, the whiclie the erle receyued ioyfully. The wordes that were bitwene them 
 I can nat tell, but all was well ; and after takyng of spyce and wyne, the erle toke leaue 
 of the kyng, and than went to the queue in the same house, and she made hym ioyouse 
 chere: than after the erle departed and toke his horse to go to his lodgyng, and so was 
 conueyed thyder. Thus passed the tyme, and the lordes of Fraunce dyde often tymes 
 kepe hym co ipauy, and caused hym to passe y tyme with sportes and otherwyse, to 
 the entent he shulde thynke the season the shorter, bycause he was out of his owne 
 nacion. 
 
 Nowe lette vs leaue spekyng of the erle of Derby, and somwhat speke of the ordy- 
 naunce of the churche of the two popes, Benedic beyng at Auignon, and Bonyface at 
 Rome. 
 
 Howe 
 
 ' Chapter CCXXVH, '' Trassegines. 
 
720 THE CRONYGLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 Howe the trealie that had been at Reynes* bitwene the Frenche kyng arid the kyng of 
 Almayone^ concerm/ng the vnyte of the churche, was folowed; and howe the hys- 
 shoppe of Cabray was sent by the sayd kynge to Rome and to Aiiygnon, to the that 
 wrote themselfe popes, to thetent that they shulde depose theselfe fro their papalytes. 
 and submyt the to the order of these two kynges. 
 
 CAP. CCXXXII/^ 
 
 YE haue herde here before howe }' l^yiig of Ahiiayne,'' and y kyng of Fraunce, and 
 the lordes of thempire and their cousails had ben at the cytie of Reynes,* and there they 
 had dyuers secrete counsayls; and their entencion was to bring the churche into a par- 
 fyte vnite : for to folowe the way that the churche helde as than, the errour was to great; 
 and also ye haue herde howe mayster Peter de Ailly, bysshoppe of Cambrey, was sent 
 in legacion to Rome to speke with pope Boniface : he spedde hym so in his iourney 
 that he came to Foudes,'' and there foiide pope Boniface, and to liym he delyuered his 
 letters of credence, dyrected fro the kynges of Almaygne'' and of Fraunce. The pope 
 receyued them and the bysshoppe right mekelye : the pope knewe well parte of his 
 message : than the bysshoppe declared y cause of his comynge. Whan the pope hadde 
 well herde hym, he sayde: Howe the answere laye nat all onely in hym, but also in all 
 the cardynalles that had chosen hym pope ; but he said, whan he hadde spoken with 
 them by delyberate counsayle, than he wolde make suche an answere that he trusted to 
 content them. This aunswere was suffycient for that tyme. The bysshoppe dyned 
 that daye in the popes palyce, and certayne cardynalles with hym : than after the pope 
 departed fro Foundes** and went to Rome, and there the pope assembled a conuocacion 
 of the cardynalles in his palyce besyde saynt Peters churche: in this consistorie there 
 were none but the pope and his cardynalles ; and there the pope shewed the request 
 that the kynge of Almaygne'' and the Frenche kyng had made hym by the bysshoppe of 
 Cambrey, and there he demaunded cousaile what answere he shuld make. There were 
 thane many reasons alledged, for it semed right contrary to the cardinal les to put downe 
 that they hadde made ; they sayde it shulde be greatly to their shame and rebuke. 
 Than they said to the pope : Holy father, to cause these kynges to be in a good hope 
 y ye wyll obey to the, ye must sowhat dissymule y mater, and saye howe ye wyll gladly 
 obey to all thynge that the kynge of Almaygne,'' the kyng of Hungry, and the kyng of 
 Englande wyll counsayle you vnto: so that he that is in Auignon, who writeth hymselfe 
 pope Benedic, whom the Frenche kyng and the frenchmen vpholde in his errour, that 
 he depose hym of the name of papalyte ; and tha whersoeuer it shall please the sayde 
 kynges to apoynt a coclaue, ye wyll be redy and all your bretherne the cardynalles. 
 This counsayle pleased well pope Boniface. This was the speciall and general aun- 
 swere that the bysshoppe of Cambrey had. And whan the Romayns vnderstode that y 
 kynges of Almaygne"* and of Fraunce had sente to their pope their ambassade to haue 
 him to leaue his papalyte, anone there multiplyed great murmuracion through the cytie 
 of Rome ; and the romayns douted greatly to lese the popes siege, whiche was yerely 
 to them a gret profyte : for all pardons that shulde be two yere after, the vantage therof 
 shulde growe to the cytie of Rome, and agaynst that pardone they had made great pro- 
 uisyon, wherfore they douted lest it shulde haue ben loste, whiche shulde greatly haue 
 ben to their preiudyce. Than the moost notablest persones in Rome assembled togyder, 
 and came to the Pope and shewed hym more signe of loue than euer they hadde done 
 
 before, 
 
 ; Rheims. " Germany. ' Chapter CCXXVIII. " Fondi. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 72 i 
 
 before, and sayd : Holy father, ye are the trevve pope, therfore lese nat your herytagf 
 and patrimony of the churchc, the whiche was saynt Peters: take neuer counsayle t* 
 the contrarye, but abyde styll as pope, for who so euer be agalst you, we shal abyde 
 with you, and ieoparde oure bodyes and goodes to defende you in youre right. The 
 pope aunswered and sayd : My welbeloued chyldren, be of good confort, and be well 
 assured that I wyll abyde as pope, for any treatie of kynge or kynges to the contrary. 
 Thus the Romayns were contented and apeased, and retourned to their houses. The 
 popes answere was alwaycs to the bysshoppe of Cambrey, that wha he parceyued clerely 
 that Benedic deposed hyniselfe, than he said, he wolde be ordred by the sayde kynges. 
 So the bysshoppe retourned and came into Almaygne," and founde the kyng a Coualence,'' 
 and there he shewed y answere that he had at Rome. Than the kyng of Almaygne" 
 sayde: Well, shewe all this to our brother and cosyn the Frenche kynge, and as he 
 ordreth hymselfe, so shall 1 order me, and all the empvre ; but as farre as I can se, he 
 must begyn fyrst ; and whan he hath putte downe his pope, than we shall putte downe 
 ours. Than the bysshoppe departed fro the kyng, and rode tyll he cae to Parys, wher 
 he foude the Frenche kyng, and there the bysshoppe shewed his aunswere whiche 
 Avas kept secrete, tyll the kyng had assembled toguyder more nobre of noble men 
 and prelates of his realme, by whome he wolde be counsayled, Howe he shulde precede 
 further. 
 
 Howe tlic Frenche kyng assebled the prelates and other noble men of his realme, with 
 the Vniuersyte of Paris, to take counsayle howe they shulde order pope Benedic, 
 at Auygnon. 
 
 CAP. CCXXXIII.'^ 
 
 WHAN the frenche kvng had herde the aunswere of pope Ronyface at Rome, and 
 howe the kvnge of Almayne'' in lykewyse aunswered, how that first pope Benedyc 
 iniiste be put downe: that done, than he wolde make a conuocacyon of prelates and 
 noble men of his reaime, and come to Parys. There were certayne prelates in Fraunce, 
 as the archebysshop of Reins,** syr Guy of Roye, and the archebysshoppes of Rone^ and 
 Sens, and the bysshoppes of Parys, of Beauoys, and of Auxer, they had sore susteyned 
 the opynyons of pope Benedyc, at Auygnon, and specyally of Clement, bycause he 
 was auaunced by their meanes ; these syxe prelates were nat called to the kynge in this 
 counsayle, but other prelates and the vnyuersyte of Parys ; and whan the bysshop of 
 Cambray had shewed before them all, howe he had spedde at Rome, and the aunswere 
 that pope Bonyface and his cardynals had made hym, and the aunswere of the kynge 
 of Almayne,'' than they entrecl into counsayle, and it was agreed, y the vnyuersite 
 shulde haue the greatest voyce : than it was determyned by the vnyuersite, that the 
 kyng shulde sende syr Bouciquaut his marshall into the partyes of Auignon, and to do 
 so moche by treatie or otherwyse, that Benedic shulde leaue his papalyte and to ordeyne 
 hymselfe in all poyntes by the kyng and his counsayle, and that the churche in all the 
 lymytacions in the realme of France shulde be as newter, tyll the churche were brought 
 into parfyte vnyte ; and that doone, than euery thynge to returne to the true right. 
 This counsayle was thought good, and was accepted of the kynge and all other. Than 
 
 Vol. II. 4 Z the 
 
 « Germany; '' Constance. "^ Chapter CCXXIX. ° Rheims, 
 
 ' Roueu. 
 
722 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 the marshall of Fraunce, and the bysshop of" Cambray, were ordeyned to go to Auig" 
 non : they departed fro Parys, and rode tyll they came to Lyons, on the ryuer of 
 Rosne, and ther they two departed asodre, for it was ordeyned that the marshall shulde 
 tary there styll tyll he herd tydyngcs fro the bysshoppe, who rode forthe and so came 
 to Auygnon ; there were some of the cardynalles that knewe well wherfore he came, 
 but they dissymuled the mater to kuowe what pope Benedic wolde say. Whan the 
 bysshop of Cambraye had refresshed hym at his lodgynge, and had chaunged his ap- 
 parell, than he wente to the popes palayes : and whan he came in the popes presence he 
 made his reuerence, but nat in such wyse as he ought to haue doone, if he had taken 
 hym as pope, as other men dyd, and yet he made hym bysshoppe of Cambray, but that 
 promocyon he had by the meanes of the lordes of Fraunce. Than the bysshoppe of 
 Cambray, who was well langaged, bothe in laten and in frenche, spake and shewed 
 howe he was sent thyder fro the french kynge, and fro the kynge of Almayne,'' and so 
 beganne his proces : and whan the bysshoppe came to the vtteraunce of the mater, howe 
 the pope shulde resygne and depose hymselfe fro the papall dygnyte, and that he that 
 was at Rome shulde do likewyse. With those wordes the pope beganne to chaunge co- 
 lour, and lyfte vp his voyce, and sayd : 1 haue endured great payne and traueyle for 
 the churche, and by good election 1 was created pope, and nowe to depose myselfe, that 
 shall I neuer do during my lyfe ; and I Avyll that the frenche kynge knowe that for all 
 his ordynauce I wyll do nothynge therafter, but I wyll kepe my name and papalyte tyll 
 I dye. Syr, quod the bysshoppe of Cambray, sauyng your grace, I toke you for more 
 prudent than I nowe fynde you ; fyrste demaude counsayle of your bretherne the car- 
 dynalles, and than make aunswere, for you alone can nat make no resystence agaynst 
 them if they agree to this opynyon, nor ye are nat able to resyste the puyssaunce of the 
 Icynges of Fraunce and Almayne.* Than two cardynalles that were there such as the 
 pope had made before, they parceyuynge the mater nat lykely to do well, rose and sayd 
 to the pope : Holy father, the bysshoppe of Cambray speketh well ; syr, we desyre you 
 do herin after his cousayle. Well, quod the pope, I am contente. So they departed 
 for that tyme, and the bysshop went to his lodgynge, and went nat to se any cardynals, 
 but dyssymuled hymselfe. The nexte day betymes the bell sowned to the consistory, 
 and than there was a conuocacyon of all the cardynalles that were at Auygnon: they all 
 assembled at the palays, and entred into the consistory, and thyder was called the 
 bysshop of Cambraye, who in laten shewed at length his message, and the cause of his 
 comyng thyder. Whan he had sayd, than he was aunswered, howe the pope shulde 
 take counsayle to answere, and in the meane tyme he to departe out of the house, and 
 so he dyd; and in the meane season Benedic and his cardynalles counsayled togyder, 
 and were longe debatynge of the mater: and many thought it herde and a contrary 
 mater to put downe that they had created. Than the cardynall of Amyence spake 
 and sayd : Lordes, whether we wyll or nat, it must behoue vs to obey the Frenche 
 ^y"gS) '*rid the kinge of Almayne,^ sythe they be conioyned togyder, for without 
 the we can nat lyue ; howebeit, we shulde do well ynougli with the kyng of Al- 
 mayne,^ if the frenche kynge wolde take our parte: but it is othervvyse, for he co- 
 maundeth vs to obey, or els he wyll stoppe fro vs the fruites of our benefyces, without 
 the whiche we can nat lyue: trewe it is, holy father, that we haue created you 
 as pope, on y condycion that to your power ye shulde ayde to refourme the churche, 
 and to bring it into parfyte vnyon ; and this ye haue alwayes sayd and mayntayned ; tlier- 
 fore syr, aunswere atemperately, and in suche maner as we may prayse you, for syr, ye 
 ought better to know your owne corage than we. Than dyuers other of the cardynalles 
 sayd: syr, the cardynall of Amyence sayeth well and wysely, wherfore syr, we pray 
 
 you 
 
 * Germany. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 723 
 
 you all in general!, that ye wyll speke, and shewe vs wliat ye wyll do. Than Benedyc 
 aunsweredand said : the vnyon of the churche I desyrc, and I haue taken great payne 
 therin, but syth god of his.deuyne grace hathe prouydcd for nie the papalyte, and that 
 ye haue chosen me therto : as longe as 1 lyue I wyll be pope, and I wyll nat depose my- 
 selfe nouther for kyng, duke, erie, nor other treatie, nor by no processe nor meanes, 
 but y I wyll abyde pope. Than the cardynals rose vp all togyder with great murmur- 
 ynge ; some sayd he had spoken well, and some sayd contrary. Thus they dyffered and 
 were indyscorde ; the most parte departed out of the consystory, and toke no leaue of 
 the pope, and retourned to their lodgynges ; some, suchc as were in this popes fauour, 
 taryed styll with hym. Whan the bysshoppe of Cambray sawe howe they departed In 
 suche maner, he knewe well they acorded nat well, and therwilh auaunced hymselle, 
 and entred into the consystory, and so came to the pope whyle he sale styll in his see, 
 and without doynge of any great reuerence sayde : Syr, gyue me myne aunswere ; sythe 
 ye haue had your counsayle aboute you, ye ought to gyue me myne aunswere that I may 
 retourne. This pope Benedic who was in great dyspleasure for the wordes that the 
 cardynall of Amyeiice had spoken, sayd: Bysshoppe of Cambray, I haue counsayle of 
 dyuers of my bretherne the cardynals, who hath created me into the dignyte papall, and 
 haue receyued all die solempnytyes therto belongyng, and am writen and named pope 
 by all my subgiettes, and as pope I wyll abyde as longe as 1 lyue: 1 wyll nat do the con- 
 trary to dye in the payne, for I haue doone no cause why to lese it: and saye to our 
 Sonne of Fraunce, that hyther vnto I haue taken him as a good catholyke prince, but 
 nowe by synister meanes if he wyll entre into great errour, he wyll repente it ; I praye 
 you to say to hym fro me, that he be well aduysed howe he enclyneth to any thynge 
 that shulde trouble his conscyence. Therwith this Benedic rose out of his chayre, and 
 went into his chambre, and certayne cardynalles with hym, and the bysshoppe of Cam- 
 bray retourned to his lodgynge, and dyned sobrely, and than after toke his horse and 
 passed the bridge of Rone, and came to vile Nefe," and at nyght lay at Baignoulx, 
 whiche partaygned to the realme of Fraunce: and he vnderstode that syr Boucyquaut, 
 marshall of Fraunce, was come to porte saynt Andrewe, a nyne leages fro Auygnon. 
 The nexte day thyder came the bysshoppe of Cambray, and shewed hym the aunswere 
 of Benedic. Whan the marshall vnderstode that this pope Benedic wolde nat obey the 
 kynge his maysters ordynaunce, he sayd to the bysshop: syr, ye are best to retourne 
 into Fraunce, ye haue no more to do here, and I shall execute tliat I am comaunded to 
 do by the kynge and his vncles. The next daye the bysshoppe departed and toke the 
 way to Albenoys, and to Pyne,'' and the marshall set clerkes awarke to write, and sente 
 for knyghtes, squyers, and men of warre, through all the countrey of Viurays, ofVy- 
 uieres, and Auuergne, to Mountpellyer, for he had comyssyon so to do by the knig ; 
 and also he sent to the seneschall of Beaucayre, that he shulde close all the passages as 
 well by the ryuer of Rone as by lande, to the entent that nothynge shulde entre into 
 Auignon ; he wente hymselle to the pownte saynt Esperyte, and closed there the pas- 
 sage ouer the ryuer of Rone, that nothynge shulde entre that way into Auygnon. Thus 
 the marshall dayly gathered men of warre, and many came to serue hym, some for obey- 
 saunce, and some to pyll and robbe theym of Auygnon. There came to hym syr Ray- 
 mondeof Thourayne, and the lorde de la Both, the loide of Tornon, the lorde of Mon- 
 claue, and the lorde Duses, so y the marshall had a great nombre of men- Than the 
 marshall sent an haraulde to defye pope Benedic in his palays, and all the cardynals 
 that wolde take his parte. This was harde tydynges to the cardynals, and to them in the 
 cytie of Auygnon, for they knewe well they coulde nat longe susteyne the warre agaynst 
 the puvssaunce of the Frenche kynge ; than they determyned to go and speake with the 
 
 4 Z 2 P0P«' 
 
 ' ViUeneufc. ' Puy- 
 
724 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 pope, and so they dyd, and shewed hym howe they coulde nat nor wolde nat susteyne 
 the warre agaynst the IVenche kynge : for they sayd they must lyue and haue their mar- 
 chaundyse to go as well by lande as by ryuer. This Benedyc aunswered folysshly and 
 sayd: syrs, your cytie is stronge and well prouyded : I vvyll sende for men of warre to 
 Gennes/ and into other places, and to my sonne the kynge of Aragon, that he come 
 and serue me, Avhiche I am sure he wyll do, for he is bounde therto for two causes, he 
 is of my lygnage, and also he ought to be obeysant to the pope : Sirs, ye are abasshed 
 of to lytell a cause, go your wayes and kepe and defende your towne, and I shall kepe 
 my palays. Other aunswere the cardynals and the men of the cylie coulde nat 
 haue of this Benedyc. So euery man retourned home. This Benedic had of longe 
 tyme purueyed his palays with wyne, corne, larde, oyle, and of all other thinges 
 parteynynge to a fortresse ; and also he was of his person hygh and cruell, and 
 wolde nat be abasshed for a lytell thynge. The marshall of Fraunce departed 
 fro pount saynt Spyrite, and passed with all his company by the towne of Orenge, by 
 consent of the prince of Orenge, and so entred into the countre of Venyce,'' vvhiche 
 was lande parteygnynge to the churche, the whiche anone was ouerrynne: and the 
 men of warre passed at y bridge of Sourgnes," and so they were lordes of all the 
 ryuer; and the marshall taryed in the towne of Sourgnes," with a gret nombre of 
 menne of warre to kepe the towne and passage, and also the garysone of Noues,'' whiche 
 partayned to the pope. Than the marshall went and lodged at saynt Verayne, nere to 
 Auignon, and his men therabout: and dayly came thyder men of warre, so that the cy- 
 tie of Auignon was closed in before and behinde by lande and by the ryuer, so that no- 
 thynge coulde entre nor issue without leaue ; for at the tow ne of None,* without Auyg- 
 non, whiche partayned to the realme of Fraunce, Avas the seneschal 1 of Beaucayre, with 
 fyue hundred men, and kepte the entre on that syde, and the marshall of FraiJce, with 
 two thousande men was on the other syde of Auignon, and he sent to theym of the cytie 
 that without they wolde obey and open their cytie, that he wolde burne all their vynes 
 and houses abrode in the countrey aboute to the ryuer of Dureuse.'' That somonynge 
 greatly abasshed the men and women within the cytie, for their herytages laye without 
 Auignon vnto the ryuer of Dureuse.^ Than they went to counsayle without knowledge 
 of the pope, and they called to their counsayle certayne cardynals, as the cardynall of 
 Amyence, of Poictours, of Newcastell,' of Viuyers, and dyuers other. Than suche 
 as had moste to lose shewed these cardynalles howe the marshall of Fraunce had threten- 
 ed them to brinne their vynes and their howses, and all this had caused the frenche 
 kynge, agaynst whome they coulde nat resyste, for his puyssaunce was so nere them; 
 and all thynges consydred, diey sayde they were better to obey to the frenche kynge, 
 than to holde their paryllous opynyons, for of Benedyc they coulde haue no ayde nor 
 com forte ; and they demaunded of these cardynalles if they wolde ioyne and take their 
 parte. The cardynals said, they were content to take their wayes, for vitayles beganne 
 to fayle theym, and also their benefyces were in the realme of Fraunce, whiche they 
 sayd they wolde nat wyllyngly lese : so they entred into treatie with the marshall of 
 Fraunce, the whiche toke suche effecte, that all the men of warre entred into the cytie 
 of Auignon, and it was apoynted to besiege the palays : their couynaunt was to do no 
 hurte nor dyspleasure to the cardynalles, nor to none of their men, nor to the hole body 
 of the towne. This to do the marshall promysed. So they entred into Auignon, and 
 lodged at their ease and lybertie, and than all the passages as well by lande as by water, 
 were opened, to the entent that all maner of vylayle myght come to the cytie. 
 
 Whan 
 
 ' Genoa. ^ Tiic Venaissin. ' Sorgues. '' ViUeneufe. ' Durance. 
 
 ' Neufchatel. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 725 
 
 Whan he that wrote himselfe pope Benedyc, (beynge closed in his palays), sawe that 
 the cardynals and the men oCthe cytie had made a treatie with the marshal I of Fraunce 
 without his counsayle or aduyse, he was therwith sore dyspleased ; howebeit, he sayd 
 that he woldc nat submytte hymselfe, to dye in the payne, and so he kepte hymselfe 
 close in his palais, which was as stronge a place as any in the worlde, and most easyest 
 to be kepte, so that it be well vytayled. This pope had sent letters to the kyno-e of 
 Aragone instantly to socoure hym in his nede, and to sende him men of warre that he 
 myght be able to resyst the marshall of Fraunce: also he sente the kynge wordc in his 
 letter, that if he coulde get hym thens fro Auignon, he wolde go and kepe his see apos- 
 tolyke in Aragon, at Parpygnon, or at Barcelone. The kynge of Aragon sawe well the 
 popes letters, but he made no force of them, and sayd to his cousayle that were aboute 
 hym: What, wenetli this preest that to susteyne hym and his argunienles, 1 shall enter- 
 pryse to make warre agaynste the frenche kyng to ayde hym? than I might well be re- 
 puted a fole ; Syr, quod his counsayle, ye say trouthe, ye haue no nede to medle in 
 that mater, for syr, ye may be sure the frenche kynge hath suche counsayle aboute hym, 
 y he wolde make no warre agaynst hym without a iuste cause ; lette the clergy alone, for 
 if they purpose to lyue, the prelates must obey the great lordes vnder whome their 
 rentes and reuenues are, they haue longe kept them in peace : and also syr, the frenche 
 kynge had writen to you allredy, desyringe you to determyne you and your countrey to 
 be newter, as he is and wyll be: and syr, ye were beste so to do, for my lady the quene 
 who is the Frenche kynges cosyn germayne, is content so to be, and so is the moste 
 parte of your realme, and the clergy in lykewyse, and specyally Catelone" and Spayne ; 
 and syr, we thynke it is the best opynion, for if all cristen kynges do nat the same, the 
 churche shall neuer come to vnyte by reasone of two popes. Thus the kynge of Ara- 
 gon and his counsayle deuysed togyder, and pope Benedic was styll in his palays, 
 trustynge to haue ayde of the kynge of Aragon, but he was dysceyued; and the marshall 
 of Frauce was within the cytie of Auygnon, and the palays was so kept that none 
 coulde issue out nor entre in : they lyued with that store they had, for of vytayles they 
 had suffycient for two or thre yere, but they lacked woode to make lyre withall, and to 
 sethe their meate, whiche made theym abasshed ; euery weke the marshall herde newes 
 fro the frenche kynge, and the kynge fro hym, and the kynge comaunded hym that he 
 shulde nat departe thens tyll he had atchyued his enterprise. Thus the pope coude nat 
 issue out of y palays, there was suche watche layde on hym. 
 
 The conclusyon was, whan this Benedyc sawe that he was so straytely kepte, and 
 that fyre fayled hym, and other prouysions dayly dyscreased, and sawe that no con- 
 forte nor ayde came to hym fro no parte, at laste he yelded, at the request of certayne 
 of the cardynalles, and the treatie was thus : y he shulde nat departe out of Auignon, 
 tyll there were made an vnyon in the churche : and a certayne garde was sette :iboute 
 hym, and the cardynalles and ryche men of Auignon bounde themselfe to kepe this Be- 
 nedyc so strayte, that they shulde rendre accompte of hym agayne, outher quycke or 
 dede. Suche cardynals as had their benefyces in Fraunce tooke great payne to make 
 this treatie and composycion, for they sayde all with one accorde, that they wolde abyde 
 with the frenche kynge. Thus this busynesse ended at y tyme. and euery man de- 
 parted, and the Marshall went to Parys, and anone after he ordeyned him to go into the 
 realme of Hungery, for the kynge of Hungery had written to the frenche kynge howe 
 Lamorabaquy'' assembled great puyssaunce of men of warre, of turkes, arabyes, tarta- 
 ryes, and suryens, and of dyuers other of his secte, to fyght with hym. The erle of 
 Derby the same season beynge at Paris, in the house of Clyssone, nere to the temple, 
 
 W3S 
 
 ' Catalonia, '" Bajazct. 
 
726 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 was wyllynge to go into Hungery, whiche shulde be the lesse coste to the Frenche 
 kyii^e: lor he iiacl eiiery weke redy payed him fyue hundred crownes of golde, and the 
 erle^thouo^ht hyraselfe moche bounde to the I'renche kynge lor that grace: and whan that 
 tydynires came IVo the kynge of Hungery into Fraunce, the erie of Derby entended well 
 to that mater, and thought in hymselfe that voyage to be ryght honourable for hym to 
 passe his tyme there, wherby he shulde the lightlyer forget the tyme of his trouble: and 
 spake to them of his specyall counsayle, and they counsayled hym to go in that voyage, 
 so that he knewe fyrst the duke of Lancastre, (his fathers), pleasure in that behalfe. 
 Than the erie sent one of his knyghtes, called Dinorth,^ into Englande, to knowe his 
 fathers pleasure. This knyght came into Englande, and founde the duke of Lancastre 
 at a castell, a twenty myle fro London, called Hertforde : there he shewed hym his 
 sonnes entente. And whan the duke vnderstode the mynde of the erie his sonne, and 
 theo-ood wyll that he had to go into Hungery, to passe the tyme of his banysshment, 
 he was ryght well content, and sayd to the knyght: syr, ye be welcome, your Avordes 
 andmy sonnes lettre requyreth counsayle, ye shall rest you here with vs a season, and 
 in the meane whyle we shall take aduyse, and in the whyle ye may go and se my 
 sonnes chyldren, for ye muste beare tydynges of them to their father. Syr, quod 
 the knyght, ye say true. So this knyght, syr Dynorth,^ taryed a season in Eng- 
 lande. 
 
 Nowe had the frenche kinge good occasyon to write to the kynge of Almayne,'' and to 
 his cousayle, in what case he had brought pope Benedic and the cardynalles. The kynge 
 than sent thyder a noble ambassade, as the patryarke of Jherusalem, syr Charles of 
 Hangers, and other knightes, and tliey founde the kynge at Strawbourgh," and dyd 
 their message, wherwith the kynge and his counsayle were well content, and sayd, howe 
 they woldedetermyne on that matter: but they said, they wolde gladly that the kyng of 
 Englande shulde take the same waye, the whiche they feared shulde be herde to do. 
 With this aunswere the ambassadours retourned into Fraunce, and shewed the kynge 
 what they had doone and sene. The frenche kynge than to thentent to bring his pur- 
 pose to passe, sente agayne into Englande to kynge Rycharde, and the messangers 
 shewed the kynge the cause of their comynge. The kynge gaue good herynge to the 
 mater, but as than he had nat the prelates of the realme nor the clergy with hym, nor 
 were nat so plyable to folowe his pleasure, as they in Fraunce to folowe the pleasure of 
 their kynge, and this he shewed to the frenche kynges messangers : howebeit, he sayde 
 he wolde do his deuoyre, and so he dyd. And so the messangers returned into Frauce. 
 And kynge Rycharde on a daye at Westmynster assembled all his prelates and clergy 
 of Englande, and whan they were there y kynge shewed wysely the dyfTerence that was 
 in the churche, and howe the frenche kynge by delyberacyon and aduyse of counsayle, 
 and by consent of the vnyuersite of Parys, and other clerkes, he was determyned to be 
 newter, and in lykewyse so are the kynges of Spaygne, of Scotlande, of Aragone, and 
 of Nauer, and howe that all Almayne,'' Boesme,"' and Italy, were of the same opynyon. 
 In lykewyse the kynge of Englande desyred that his realme shulde folowe the same. 
 Whan the prelates and the clergy, who knewe nothynge why they were sent for, herde 
 that mater, they had great marueyle, and were sore abasshed ; some stode styll and 
 spake no worde, and some began to murmure, and sayde : Our kynge is become frenche, 
 he entendeth to nothynge, but to dyshonour and distroy vs, but he shal nat: Avhat, 
 wolde he bringe vs out of our beleue ? he maye do so moche that he shall haue yuell 
 therof : let vs nat folowe this opynion, sythe the frenche kynge taketh that waye, lette 
 hym holde hymselfe newter, and let vs holde styll our beleue, and lette no man put it 
 
 fro 
 
 > Dymoke ? ^ Germany. "^ Strasburg. •' Bohemia. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 727 
 
 fro vs, without there be greater apparaunce of a surer foundacyon, than we se as yet. 
 Whan kyng Rycharde sawe the dyfference and murmurynge of the clergy, he caused 
 the bysshoppe of London to demaunde of all the clergy what was best to do. They all 
 aunswered that the matter was so great, that therin requyred great counsayle and dely- 
 beracyon : and so they departed, and euery man went to his lodgynge. And whan the 
 londoners knewe the cause of that assemble, and the request that the kynge had made, 
 they were than sore troubled agaynst y kyng, for the people of Englande were so ferme- 
 ly set on the beleuynge on the pope at Rome, that they wolde nat leaue it, and sayde 
 howe that Rycharde of Burdeaulx wolde distroy them all if he be let alone: his herte 
 is so frenche that he canne nat hyde it: but a daye wyll come to paye for all, that he 
 shall repente hym and all suche as gyue hyra suche counsayle. What so euer the kynge 
 sayd to haue his people newter, they wolde in no wyse agree therto. And the frenche 
 kynge was nat well content with his sonne kynge Rycharde, in that he had nat inconty- 
 nent caused his realme to haue been newter; but to saye the trouth, the kynge was nat 
 to blame therin : and also suche accydentes fell soone after, the whiche were so great 
 and horryble that the lyke hath nat ben sene in all this hystorye vpon no kynge crysten, 
 except of noble kynge Peter of Lusygnen, kyng of Cyper and Jherusalem, whome his 
 owne brother and the cypriens martyred. 
 
 Of the aunswere of the Duke of Lancastre to the knyghl sent to hym fro his sonne 
 the erle of Derby, and howe the duke of Lancastre dyed. 
 
 CAP. CCXXXIIII." 
 
 WHAN sir Dinorth,'' whom the erle of Derby had sente into Englande to his father 
 the duke of Lancastre, and had his answere of the duke, and had vysyted all the erles 
 landes, and had sene his chyldren, four sonnes and two doughters, than he toke his 
 leaue and retourned into Fraunce ; his aunswere was, howe that the duke wolde nat 
 counsayle the erle his sonne to go into Hungery: but whan he was wery of beynge in 
 Fraiice, than rather to go into Castell to the kynge there, and to his suster, and if he 
 lyste to go further, than to go and vysite his other suster the queue of Portugale. The 
 erle redde his fathers letters two tymes ouer, and studyed theron a season. And syr 
 Dinorth** shewed him that the physicions and surgyons in Englande, sayd surely, howe 
 that the duke his father had on hym a paryllous sycknesse, whiche shulde be his dethe. 
 These wordesgretly letted the erle to take on hym any maner of voyage, but so taryed 
 styll at Parys, and often tymes he went and sawe the frenche kyng, the duke of Orly- 
 aunce, and the kynges vncles, and alwayes they made hym good chere, so that he was 
 moche bounde to them, and he sayde to the kynge : Syr, ye do me so moche honoure 
 and curtesy, and shewe me so great sygne of loue, that I knowe nat in all my lyfe dayes 
 bowe to deserue it; but if euer I come in Englande my lady y queue your doughter to 
 my power shall haue my seruyce. I thanke you, cosyn, quod the kynge. So it fell 
 that aboule the feest of Crystmasse, duke Johan of Lancastre, who lyued in great dys- 
 pleasure, what bycause the kynge had banysshed his sonne out of the realme for so litell 
 a cause, and also bycause of the yuell gouernynge of the realme, by his nephewe kynge 
 Rycharde: for he sawe well that if he longe perceyuered, and were suffred tocontynewe, 
 the realme was lykely to be vtterly loste. With these ymagynacyons and other, the 
 
 duke 
 
 • Chapter CCXXX. " Dymoke ? 
 
728 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 duke fell sycke, wheron he dyed, whose dethe was greatly sorowed of all his frendes 
 and loners. The kyng by that he shewed, tokc no great care for his dethe, but sone he 
 was forootten. Than certayne of the noblemen of Englande sawe Avell howe the realme 
 feblyssiied, sythe the duke of Lancastre was deed, and the duke of Gloucestre his bro- 
 ther slavne, and the erle of Arundell, and the erle of Derby, banysshed, who ought 
 than to l)e duke of Lancastre by ryght succession. Than some sayde : nowe we shall se 
 what the kyn'^e wyll do : it is tyme nowe y he repeale home agayne his cosyn of Derby, 
 and to pardone hym his yuell wyll, though he haue no cause to be dyspleased with 
 liym: it were tyme he came and entred into his landes as duke of Lancastre. Suche 
 wordes ranne abrode in the realme in dyuers places, and specyally in the cytie of Lon- 
 don, where the erle of Derby was a hundred tymes better beloued thanne the kynge ; 
 howebeit, for all the wordes and murmuryng that the knyg and his counsayle knewe of, 
 yet he dyd nothynge therafter, but clene the contrary ; he was yuell counsayled, for if 
 he had incontynent after the dethe of the duke of Lancastre sente for the erle of Derby, 
 and at his comyno-e haue frendely welcomed hym home, and haue called hym duke of 
 Lancastre, and haue taken hym as greatest personage in Englande nexte hymselfe, and 
 haue sayde howe he wolde be gouerned in all poyntes after his aduyse and counsayle, 
 and to do nothynge without his aduyse, than the kynge had done well, and lykely to 
 haue contynued his estate as kynge of Englande, and had nat receyned the yuell fortune 
 that fell to hym shortly after, as ye shall here aftei'. 
 
 Howe the dethe of the duke of Lacastre ims knowen in Fraunce ; the kyng of Eng- 
 lande wrote in mancr of ioye to the Frenche kynge fherof, and lurote nothyng ther- 
 of to therle of Derby, who ti^as the dnkes sonne. 
 
 CAP. CCXXXV.^ 
 
 TIDYNGES of the duke of Lancasters dethe came into Fraunce, and kyngRycharde 
 of Englade in maner of ioye wrote therof to the frenche kyng, and nat to his cosyn 
 therle of Derby ; howebeit, the erle knewe it as soone as the Frenche kynge, or soner, 
 by suche men as he had in Englande. Than the erle apparelled hym and all his men 
 in biacke, and caused his obsequy to be clone right honorably, at the whiche was the 
 Frenche kyng, and his brother the duke of Orlyaunce, and all f kynges vncles, with a 
 great nombre of prelates and great lordes of Fraunce; for the erle of Derby was wel be- 
 loued with euery ma, and many w^ere right sorie of his trouble, for he was a pleasauntl 
 knight, and an honest person, curtesse and swete, and meke to euery man ; and euery) 
 man that sawe hym, said, howe y kyng of Englande was nat well counsayled, that he. 
 repealed hym nat home agayne : and truely to saye trouthe, if the kynge of Englande 
 had wysely regarded the mater, and had ben well counsayled, the mater had nat tourned 
 agaynst hym as it dyde: for the erle of Derby, after the dethe of his father, was right 
 enherytoure to be duke of Lancastre, and to haue ben the seconde persone of the realme, 
 and by whom all the busynesse of the realme shulde chiefely haue passed. Also the 
 kynge and his counsayle ought to haue consydred, howe often tymes the people of Eng- 
 lande hadde styrred and murmured agaynst hym, and shulde haue knowen howe he was 
 nat very wel beloued of the people, nor of some knightes, and other ; and how that in y 
 duke of Gloucesters dayes, he was often tymes in daunger of his persone ; as whan the 
 
 Londoners 
 
 " Chapter CCXXXI. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 729 
 
 Londoners and the counsaylles of dyuers good townes in Englande cae to hym to EI- 
 tham, and there made tlicir requestes, that all subsidies and aydes gyuen and graunted 
 within twentie yere, shulde haue ben frustrate and fordone: or els they weredetermyned 
 by the consent of the duke of Glouceslre, and other noble men of the realme, to haue 
 'taken the kynge, and to haue sette another to haue reygned in his place, and to haue 
 putte y kyuij; and the queue into a place, and so to haue hadde meate and drinke as long 
 as they hadlyued ; in so mochc that the duke of Gloucester hadde desyred a nephewe 
 of his, Sonne to the doughter of the duke of Clarence, who was called Jolian erle of 
 Marche, that he wokle haue taken on hym the charge and gouernyng of the reahne, 
 and that they woUle haue made hym kyng : but the same erle excused hymselfe honestly 
 therfro. All these thynge^ were apeased and layde downe, by the wyse sadde meanes and 
 prudence of the savde duke of Lancastre, father to this sayd erle of Derby. 
 
 If kyng Richarde had wysely consydred all these maters, he had reigned in gretter 
 prosperite than euer he did before. Kyng Richarde knewe all this well ynough, and 
 so by yuell counsayle the kyuge caused by colour of loue, the duke of Gloucestre to be 
 taken and ledde to Calays, where he \\as strangled and murdered, wherof great brute 
 was throughe out all the realme with great grudge and murmuracyons, so that it was at 
 the poynt to haue deposed the sayde kyng Richarde ; howebeit, the duke of Lancastre, 
 lyke a sage and a prudent price, for all lliat the duke of Gloucestre was his brother, and 
 that the murderyng of hym touclied hym nere to his herte, all thynges consydred, and 
 that he coude nat recouer agayne his brother, wisely and amiably he apeased all these 
 maters, and the kynge his nephue more feared in Englade than he was before. All this 
 the kynge ought to haue consydred, and specially howe therle of Derby was better be| 
 loued with the people, than any other man within the reahre ; all tliese thynges wysely 
 cosidred after tlie dethe of the duke of Lacastre, the kyng shulde haue repealed therle 
 of Derby agayne into the realme : but the kyng had no mynde so to do, for he dyd clene 
 the contrary : lor incontynent he sente his offycers into all the duke of Lacasters landes, 
 and toke the profites therof to hymselfe, and sayd, that as longe as therle of Derby stode 
 as a banysshed man, that he nor none of his shulde receyue any reuenues of any landes 
 within the realme of Englande : and moreouer, (wherof the kyng was greatly blamed of 
 suche as loued the erle and his chyldren), the kyng gaue awaye landes parteynynge to 
 the herytage of the duchy of Lancastre to some of his seruauntes, suche as asked them; 
 for the whiche cause, many knyghtes and other in Englande spake and said: the kyng 
 sheweth well that he oweth no good wyll to his cosyn the erle of Derby, sythe he wyll 
 nat repeale hym home agayne, and sufTre his landes to be gyuen awaye, where as therle 
 and his chyldren shulde be great membres in Englande, and a good stafFe for the kyng 
 to leane by; but he dothe the contrary, for he driueth hym awaye, and so wyll kepe 
 hym in this dailger, and worse if he coude, for he hath taken to hymselfe his heritage, 
 and causeth his offycers to medell with the dukes landes, as thoughe they were his 
 owne ; and if y poore tenauntes complayne of the iniuryes done to them in their lordes 
 absence, they can nat be harde, there is none y wyll do them right. Also it is but a 
 small token of loue, that the kyng beareth to the erle of Derby, and to his chyldren, 
 for their herytage of Lacastre, whiche shulde come to the by right enherytauce, dis- 
 cended fro their grandame the lady Blanche, doughter to duke Henry of Lancastre; 
 the kyng gyueth parte therof away where as it pleaseth hym, and suche landes as shulde 
 fall to them by the right of the lady their mother, who was doughter to the erle of Here- 
 forde, and Northampton, and costable of Englande, the kynge gyueth parte therof at 
 his pleasure : this is to moche done agaist all ryght and reason, and to the displeasure 
 of all llie noble men of Englande ; this can nat longe endure vnamended. Thus the 
 prelates, noble men, and commons in Englade comuned and murmured. 
 
 Vol. II. 5 A In 
 
730 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 In lykewise in y realme of Frace, suche men of honour as herde spekynge of this 
 mater, and hadde sene the erle of Derby at Parys, hadde great marueyle therof, and 
 sayd one to another : as we thynke, the kynge of Englande hath lakenne to great a dis- 
 pleasure with his cosyn the erle of Derby, who is the greattest man in Englad next liym- 
 selfe ; he is a gracious knyght, curtesse, meke, and tretable, and a man good to be 
 spoken vnto. The kyng of Englande knoweth some other thynge by hym than we do, 
 or elles tlie kynge is yuell counsayled ; and it is marueyle, that the Frenche kynge and 
 his brother the duke of Orlyaunce, and the kynges vncles, do nat attemper the mater, 
 for the erle is daylye amonge theym ; they shulde fynde best prouisyon in this case, for 
 the kynge of En2;lande wyll do more for the than for any men, bicause he hath maried 
 the Frenche kynges doughter; but sythe they do notliynge therin, it is best we holde 
 oure peace and lette it passe. As for the Frenche kynge and his brother and his vncles, 
 they thought nothyng but good ; they honoured and loued greatly the erle of Derby, and 
 desyred moche his company, and they sawe well he was a wydower and to marry, and 
 that the duke of Berrey hadde a doughter, a wydowe of two husbandes, she was but 
 yonge, of a xxiii. yere of age, and was named Mary ; her fyrst husbade was Loys of 
 Bloys, who died yonge, and her secode husbande was y lorde Philyppe of Arthoys, 
 erle of Ewe, \vho died in his returne in Hungry, as ye haue herde here before ; this 
 maryage was at a poynt to haue concluded, for they in France knewe well that the duke 
 of Lancastre was a great enherytoure in Englande, and the Frenche kynge was well 
 pleased therwith, bycause his doughter was quene of Englande : for he thought that the 
 company of those two ladyes togyder shulde be great pleasure to the bothe, sythe they 
 were so nere of blode, and therby the two realmes of Fraunce and Englande, shulde be 
 the surer conioyned toguyder in loue and peace, whiche was trewe, if it myght haue 
 been accomplysshed: but kyng Richarde of Englande and his cousayle brake all that 
 mater, for the fortunes of this world whiche are marueylous, nor a thynge that shall be, 
 canne nat be eschewed; the whiche fortune of this kynge Richarde was so marueylous, 
 that it is harde to thynke theron : the kynge myght well haue remedyed the mater if he 
 had wolde, but that that shall be, shal be. I shall shewe you what I Johan Froissarte, 
 auctour of this hystorie, herde whane I was but yonge in Englande, in a place called 
 Bercamstede, whiche as at that tyme parteyned to the price of Wales, father to this 
 sayde kynge Rycharde: it was in the yere of grace, a thousande, thre hundred, thre- 
 score and two f and bycause y same tyme the prince and the princes shulde departe out 
 of Englande to go into Acquitayne to kepe their estate there, Kyng Edwarde his fa- 
 ther, and quene Phillyppe my maistres, and Lyon duke of Clarence, Johan duke of 
 Lancastre, and the lorde Edmonde, who was after Erie of Cambridge, and duke of 
 Yorke, and their chyldren, were come to the said maner place, to se the prince and 
 princes or they departed ; and as than I was of the age of xxiiii. yere, and one of my 
 said lady the queues clerkes of her chambre : and as I satte on a benche I herde a knyght 
 talkyng and deuysinge among dyuers ladyes and damoselles of the Quenes, and sayde 
 to them : There is a booke in this countrey called the Brust,'' and many men saye, it is 
 full of marueylous prophycies: but accordynge to that booke, the realme andcrowne of 
 Englande shulde nat retourne to the price of Wales, nor yet to the duke of Clarence, 
 nor that they shulde be kynges of England, though they were sonnes to kyng Edwarde ; 
 but this knyght sayd, that accordyng to that boke, the crowne of Englande shulde come 
 to the house of Lancastre. The same season whan this knyght spake these wordes, this 
 sayd Hery erle of Derby was nat borne, nor yet seuyn yere alter, but yet in my dayes 
 
 the 
 
 • 1361. '■ This, I apprehend, to be the old Chronicle called " Brut d'Angleterre," originally 
 
 written in French, by Eustace and Wace, and translated by Robert de Brune. For an account of it 
 see Warton's History of English Poetry — Vol. 1. p. 62 et seq. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 731 
 
 the same wordes tooke effecte, for I sawe after, the same Henry erle of Derby kyno-e of 
 Englande. 
 
 Of a Ireatie of a man/age bi/lweiie the erle of Derby and the duke of Berries 
 daughter, and Iioiye Icijng Rycharde of Englande dyde lette it by the erle of 
 Salisbury. 
 
 CAP. CCXXXVI.^ 
 
 AS soone as kyng Rycharde kyng of Englande herde of the treatie of the maryase 
 bytwene the erle of Derby, and the duke of Berryes doughter, and that the parties were 
 nere hade accorded, he toke those newes to great dyspleasure, and sayd to the erle of 
 Salisbury, in whom he had great affyaunce: ye must ordayne you to go into Fraunce 
 with letters of credence, to our father in lawe the Frcnche kynge, and to our frendes his 
 brother and vncles, and shewe them fro vs, that in no wyse they conclude any treatie or 
 alyaunce of maryage with suche a tray tour as is the erle of Derby, who wolde betray his 
 naturall souerayne lorde ; and for the remynaunt of the mater ye are wyse ynough : do 
 so therin that I maye can you thanke, and that the maryage maye be broken. The erle 
 of Salisbury sayde : Sir, I shall da ryght well your comaundement ; but sir, ifitmyo^ht 
 be broken by some other meanes, or by some other persone, I requyre youre grace it 
 maye so be. Sir, quod the kynge, excuse you natte, for I wyll and also I praye you 
 do this message, and whatsoeuer shall fall therof, I shall sustayne you. Well, sir, 
 quod the erle, sitheye comaunde me so specially, and that I se the mater toucheth you 
 nere, I shall do it, thoughe I be lothe therto. Ye shall go, quod the kynge, and make 
 haste, or this alyaunce be concluded. Than the Erie prepared for his departure. 
 The letters of credence written and sealed, he departed fro the kynge, who was at that 
 tyme at Leades, and the Quene also. The erle made haste and came to Doner, and so 
 toke the See, and arryued at Calays, and there founde the erle of Huntyngton, who 
 was capitayne of Calais, and brother to the kynge. The Erie shewed vnto hym all his 
 busynesse, and so taryed nat longe at Calays, but roode to Amyence, and so to Parys, 
 and all they waye that he rode he hadde good chere, and was lodged at the whyte horse ; 
 and whan he had changed him he wente to the kynge and to the quene, and to y other 
 lordes, and delyuered his letters of credence. Whan the kyng had reed the letters, he 
 toke the erle aparte and demaunded what was his credence. The erle at length shewed 
 his charge, and named the Erie of Derby traytour agaynst his naturall lorde. Whan 
 the Frenche kyng herde those wordes, he was in great displeasure, for he loued so the 
 erle of Derby, that he wolde here none yuell spoken of him, and toke the letters of cre- 
 dence agayne to the erle of Salisbury, and sayd : Erie, we beleue you well ynoughe, 
 but our Sonne of Englande is to sore moued agaynst oure cosyn of Derby, and we mar- 
 ueyle greatly that his yuell wyll contyneweth so longe, for we thynke he shulde be the 
 better furnysshed if he were about hym, and to be nexte of his counsayle. Sir, quod 
 the erle of Salisbury, I do but as I am comaunded. That is trewe, quod the kyng, we 
 are nat displeased with you, and paraduenture our sonne of Englande knoweth more 
 than we do ; do your message as ye were charged : and so he dyde, and to the duke of 
 Berrey also. The duke gaue none aunswere therto, but Avente to the kyno- and de- 
 maunded of hym what newes he hadde out of Englande. The kynge shewed hym all, 
 
 5 A 2 as 
 
 • Chapler CCXXXII. 
 
752 THE CRONYGLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 as the erle of Salisburye had sayde. Vpon those newes the kyng and his vncles assem- 
 bled togyder secretely. Than the Frenche kynge sayd : the kynge of Englande by 
 lykelyhode douteth greatly therle of Derby, or elles paradueture he knoweth suche 
 thynges as we knowe nat, nor can nat come to oure knowledge, and we ought rather to 
 owe our fauoure to the kynge of Englande thane to the erle of Derby, sythe the kynge 
 is ioyned with vs by niaryage : and he wyll take it in great disdayne sythe we be en- 
 fourmed of his pleasure, if we shulde do the contrary, and marry the erle of Derby 
 to the countesse of Ewe ; it behoueth vs rather to dissymule and kepe these newes se» 
 Crete, tyll the erle of Salisbury be retouroed. Vpon this poynt the kyng and his vncles 
 rested. 
 
 Whan the erle of Salisbury had done his message, he tooke his leaue and departed. 
 The Frenche kynge was more displeased with his comyng than ioyfuU, for he delyuer- 
 ed agayne the erle of Salysbury his letters of credence, and wolde nat kepe them, he 
 loued so well the erle of Derby, who knewe of the erle of Salysburies beynge at Parys, 
 but he sawe hym nat, for he was departed without spekyng with him, and retourned to 
 Calays, and so into Englande, and shewed the kynge of Englande howe he hadde 
 spedde. Whan the erle of Derby knewe that the erle of Salisbury was departed fro 
 Parys, without spekynge with hym, in his mynde he was soore displeased, and thought 
 the matter went nat well. Than his counsayle sayde to hym: Sir, shortely ye shall 
 parceyue some other maters, that ye haue nat herde of as yet, thoughe it be kepte 
 priuye fro you ; these Frenchmen are wyse and close ■; it maye be so, that the kyng of 
 Englande, and suche as be of his secte are displeased, with that the Frenche kyng maketh 
 you so good chere as he dothe; and paradueture it is spoken in Englande, howe ye 
 shulde mary the duke of Berryes doughter, whiche pleaseth nat the kynge of Englande, 
 and therfore he wyll do what he can to breke that maryage, and if it be so, ye shall 
 shortly here therof. 
 
 Looke, as they ymagined so it was, for within a moneth after the erle of Salisbury 
 was departed fro Parys, suche of therle of Derbies parte as had the treatie of the sayde 
 maryage in hande, they spake agayne of the mater to the duke of Berryes counsayle, 
 who had their charge what they shulde answere ; they sayd: sirs, whan my lorde the 
 erle of Derby is in the kynges presence, and the duke of Orlyaunce and his vncles pre- 
 sente, than lette my lorde the erle of Derby speke hymselfe, for we can saye no more to 
 the mater. Therle of Derby, who thought none yuell, but thought those wordes 
 hadde ben spoken, to the entent to haue proched never to the poynt, for the kynge and 
 his counsayle made hym as good chere thanne, as euer they dyde before: the erle 
 thought to speke in the mater, whan he sawe conuenyent tyme : and on a daye whane 
 he sawe the kyng and the lordes togyder, he began to speke of this maryage. Than the 
 duke of Burgoyne, who hadde the charge to aunswere hym, sayde : Cosyn of Derby, 
 we haue nothynge to do to gyue in maryage oure cosyn to a traytour. With that worde 
 the erle of Derby was greatly abasshed, and changed colour, and sayd: Sir, 1 am here 
 in the kynges presence, I wyll answere to this : I was neuer traytour nor neuer thought 
 trayson, and if there be any persone y wyll charge me with trayson, I am redy to an- 
 swere, nowe or wha it shall please the kynge here beyng present. Nay, cosyn, quod 
 the kyng, I beleue ye shall fynde no man in Fraunce that wyll chalenge youre honoure : 
 for the wordes that myne vncle hath spoken came out of Englande. Than the erle 
 Icneled downe and sayd: Sir, I beleue it well, but god defende me and all my frendes, 
 and confounde all myne ennemyes. The Frenche kynge toke vp the erle and sayd: 
 Cosyn, apeace yourselfe, euery thynge shall tourne to the best; and whaiie euery 
 thynge is agreed and at peace, thaiie we maye well speke and treate of maryage, but 
 
 fvrst 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 733 
 
 fyrst ye must take possession in the duchy of Lancastre, for that is the vsage in 
 Fraunce and in dyuers countreis on this syde the see, that if a lorde shall many by the 
 consent of his soueraygne lorde, he must endowe his wyfe ; and therwith they had 
 spyces and wyne, and cessed of that comunycacion, and euery man departed to their 
 owne lodgynges. 
 
 Whan the erle of Derby was coe to his lodgyng he was sore displeased, and nat with- 
 out a cause ; whan he, who Avas reputed one of the trewest knyghtes of the worlde (in 
 the presece of the frenche kyng, who loued hym well, and had shewed him many cur- 
 tesies) shuld be reputed as a traytour, and that those wordes shulde coe out of Eng- 
 lande, and brought by the erle of Salisbury: he was therwith in a great malencoly. 
 His counsayle apeased hym as well as they coude, and sayd : Sir, he that wyll lyue in 
 this worlde must endure somtyme trouble: confort you for this tyrae and be pacient, 
 and parauenture herafter ye shall haue great ioye and glorie ; and, sir, of al y lordes on 
 this syde the see, the frenche kyng loueth you best ; and we se well he wolde enploye 
 his payne to brlge you to ioye ; and, sir, ye ought to gyue him and his vncles great thake 
 in that they kept this mater secrete tyll the erle of Salisbury was departed. Yea, sirs, 
 quod the erle, I thynke it had ben better it had ben shewed me in his presence, that I 
 myght haue made a sufficiet excuse before y kyng and all the lordes : thus I shall abyde 
 styll in blame tyll the mater be otherwyse declared. Sir, quod they, all trespasses can 
 nat be amended at the fyrst daye. Sir, suffre ; let the tyme ryn ; we beleue your busy- 
 nesse in Englande dothe better than ye be ware of. The loue that is in the hertes of 
 the people in Englande towardes you with their good prayers, by y grace of god, 
 shall shortely delyuer you out of all daungers. This they sayd to recofort their 
 lorde, who was sore disconforted, and their sayeng was soner trewe than they were 
 ware of 
 
 Anone it was knowen in Englande howe therle of Salisbury had ben in Frauce with 
 the frenche kynge and his vncles, and borne letters thyder, conteynyng howe the erle 
 of Derby was falsely periured and a traytour ; of the whiche dyuers noble men and pre- 
 lates were sore troubled, and were nothynge contente with the erle of Salisbury, and 
 said generally that he was soore to blame to take on hym the charge to beare into Fraunce 
 any suche wordes vpon as trewe a man as lyued: a daye wyll come that he shall repent 
 the tyme y euer he spake the worde. Ye maye well knowe the Londoners were greatly 
 displeased, and murmi>red agaynst the kyng and his counsayle, and sayd: A getyll 
 knight erle of Derby, great enuy is there agaynst you: it is nat suflTycient for the kynge 
 and his counsayle to driue you out of the realme, but also to accuse you of trayson, to 
 putte you to the more shame and rebuke. Well, euery thynge muste haue his tourne. 
 Alas, quod the people, what faulte or trespasse hath your children done, that the kynge 
 taketh thus awaye fro the their herytage, whiche ought to be theirs by ryght succes- 
 syon? This thynge can nat longe abyde in this case without chaunge, nor we can nat 
 sufFre it. Thus anone after the retourne of the erle of Salisbury out of Fraunce, kyng 
 Richarde caused a iustes to be cryed and publysshed throughe out his realme, to Scot- 
 lande, to be at Wynsore, of xl. knyghtes and xl. squyers, agaynst all comers, and they 
 to be aparelled ingrene with a whyte faucon, and the quene to be there, well acopanied 
 with ladyes and damosels. This feest thus holden, y quene beyng there i gret noblenes, 
 but there were but fewe lordes or noble men, for mo tha two partes of y lordes and 
 knightes and other of the realme of Englande had 5' kyng in suche hatered, what for the 
 banysshyng of the erle of Derby, and the iniuryes that he had done to his chyldren, 
 and for the dethe of the duke of Gloucestre, who was slayne in the castell of Calais, 
 and for the dethe of the erle of Arudell, who was beheeded at Lodon: the kynrcd of 
 
 these 
 
734 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 these lordes came nat to this feest, nor but fewe other: and at the same feest the kynge 
 ordayned to go into Irelande, to enploy his men in that voyage ; and so he departed, 
 and lefte the Qiiene with her trayne styll at Wyndsore, and the kynge rode to Bristowe, 
 and there made all his prouysion, and he had ten thousande knightes and squiers and 
 ten thousande archers. Whane the Londoners knewe that the kyng was goyng in that 
 voyage they began to murmure, and said amonge themselfe : Nowe gothe Richarde of 
 Burdeaux the waye to Bristowe, and so into yrelande, whiche wyll be to his distruction ; 
 he shall neuer retourne agayne with ioye, no more than dyde kynge Edwarde the se- 
 conde, his great grauntfather, who was folysshely gouerned by to moche beleuyng of 
 the Spesers ; in lykewise Rycharde of Burdeaulx hath beleued so moche yuell coun- 
 sayle, that it can nat be hydden nor sufTred any lengar. 
 
 Howe kynge Richarde ordayned to go into the marchesse of Irelande. 
 
 CAP. CCX.XXVII.^ 
 
 THERE were many knightes and squyers in the kynges company that shulde go 
 with hym into Irelade that were nat cotent with hym, and wente in maner with an yuell 
 wyll, and sayd often tymes one to another: Our kynge gouerneth hymselfe folisshely, 
 and beleueth yuell counsayle. Suche Avordes were so multiplyed, that the lorde Henry 
 Percy and sir Henry his sone spake certayne wordes, whiche came to the kynges know- 
 lege and to his counsayle ; and it was sayd to the kyng : Sir, the wordes ought nat to be 
 suffred, that the erle of Northumberlande and his sone hath spoken, for it is to sette 
 your subiettes agaist you : it must behoue you to correcte all these rebelles one after 
 another, wherby they that be greattest shall doute you, and take ensample. That is 
 trewe, quod the kyng; but than what is beste to do. Sir, quod they, they be nat here 
 with you, but they ought to come ; and whan they be come, call them before you, and 
 than by the erle of Salisbury and by some other, as it shall please you, lette it be re- 
 hersed to them the yuell wordes that they haue spoken against you and your cousayle : 
 tha shall you here what answere they wyll make, and thervpon ye maye take aduyse, 
 wheder ye wyll correcte them by prison or otherwyse. Well, sirs, quod the kynge, ye 
 say well ; this shal be done. The erle of Northumberlande and his sone had good 
 frendes in that armye, so that some of them knewe the kynges entent ; and they sent 
 suche worde to the erle and to his sonne, that they shulde natte come in the kynges pre- 
 sece, nor to go in that iourney ; for they hadde worde that if they dyde, it shulde nat be 
 for their welthe, but to their great domage, for the kynge was sore enformed against 
 them. Whan they had this warnynge, they stopped their comyng to the kyng, and 
 nat without good cause : for they were shewed that and if they came, they shulde be in 
 ieopardye of their lyues. Whan y kynges counsayle sawe that therle and his sone came 
 nat, they sayd to the kyng: Sir, nowe ye may se whyder we dyde enforme you of the 
 trouthe or nat: ye maye se therle and his sonne disdayneth to serue you, for they wyll 
 nat come at youie comaundement, and that shall ye se if ye sende for them. And I 
 shall sende for them, quod the kyng. Than letters were written and sente by notable 
 messangers to therle and to the lorde Henry Percy his son: the content of the letters 
 was, that incontynent without delaye vpon the sight of those letters, that they shulde 
 come to y kyng and do their duetie, as they were bounde to do. These messangers 
 
 iourneyed 
 
 • Chapter CCXXXIII. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 735 
 
 lourneyed so longe, that they came to a fayre castell of the cries, standyng on the fron- 
 ter of Scotlande. The messanger acquyted hym well in doynge of his message, as he 
 was comauded. Therle reed his letters at length, and than shewed them to his sonne ; 
 than they toke aduise to make the messanger good chere, and to write agayn to the 
 kynge in excusynge of themselfes, howe they coulde nat come out of their countrey as 
 at that tyme, and howe that the kyng had men ynowe to acoplysshe his iourney besyde 
 them. The messangers retourned to the kynge, and delyuered the erles lettre. The 
 kynge redde it, the whiche answere was nothynge pleasaunt to the kynge nor to his 
 counsayle ; and thanne for this cause and for other thynges that were layde to the Erles 
 charge and to his sonnes, they were openly banysshed the realme of Englande, tyll y 
 kyng dyd repeale them agayne. This was publysshed throughout all the cyties and 
 good townes of Englande, and specyally in London, wherof the londoners had great 
 marueyle, nor they coulde nat knowe iustly for what cause it was, for the erle and his 
 Sonne were reputed for noble and as valyaunt men as any within the realme. Some 
 sayd : it cometh by some of the kynges counsayle that hateth them, whiche counsayle 
 wyll distroy the kyng at last ; peraduenture the erle and his sonne haue spoken some 
 wordes vpon the kynge and his counsayle, for the yuell gouernynge of the realme, and 
 coulde nat be herde though they said the trouth, and for their true sayeng nowe they be 
 punisshed, but we thinke'herafter they wyll be punysshed y nowe iudge them. Thus 
 the londoners and other spake of this mater. The erle had a brother, a valiaunt knight, 
 sir Thomas percy, who had of a longe tyme done many noble seruyces to the kynge of 
 Englande. Whan the erle knewe that he and his sonne were banysshed the realme, he 
 toke it for an vnreasonable punysshment without cause : than he sente for all his frendes 
 in the countrey, suche as he coulde get togyther, for many of his lygnage were with the 
 kynge to go into Irelande. The erle toke counsayle of them what was best to do sythe 
 the kynge had banysshed hym without cause. Than he was counsayled to sende into 
 the realme of Scotlande, and to desyre the king there that he and his sonne might abyde 
 peasably in Scotlande tyll the kynge of Englande were apeased of his dyspleasure. 
 Thus therle sent to kynge Robert of Scotlande, and the kyng and the erle Archambalt 
 Duglas and the other lordes of Scotlande condiscendyd lyghtly to the erles desyre, and 
 sent the erle worde howe they shulde be gladly receyued, and also if they neded of 
 fyue or syxe hundred speares, if they were signyfied of the tyme, they shulde be redy 
 to serue them. This message pleased greatly the erle and his lygnage, and so the erle 
 taryed styll in his countrey amonge his frendes, for kynge Rycharde and his counsayle 
 had so moche to do in shorte season after, that they had no layser to do any dyspleasure 
 to the erle nor to his sonne, as ye shall here after in this hystory. 
 
 Kinge Rycharde thus beynge aboute Bristowe, than the state generally of all men in 
 Englande began to murmure and to ryse one agaynst another, and mynystrynge ol ius- 
 tyce was dene stopped vp in all courtes of Englande, wherof the valyaunt men aiid 
 prelates, who loued reste and peace, and were glad to paye their duetyes, were greatly 
 abasshed: for there rose in the realme companyes in dyuers rowtes, kepynge the 
 feldes and hygh wayes, so that marchauntes durste nat ryde abrode to exercyse their 
 marchaundyse for doute of robbynge : and no man knewe to whome to coplayne to do 
 them ryght, reasone, and iustyce, whiche thynges were ryght preiudyciall and dys- 
 pleasaunt to the good people of Englande, for it was contrary to their accustomable 
 vsage ; for all people laborers and marchauntes in Englande were wonte to lyue in rest 
 and peace, and to occupy their marchaundyse peasably, and the laborers to labour their 
 landes quyetly ; and than it was contrary, for whan marchauntes rode fro towne to 
 towne with their marchaundyse, and had outher golde or syiuer in their purees, it was 
 feaken fro them, and fro other men, and labourers out of their houses: these compan- 
 
w 
 
 i.UlT. 
 
 
 . IS. aijd iSNxi 
 
 
 i.-. 
 
THE CRONTCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 hskit 1 ; 
 
 /-. 
 
 CAP. ccxxx\Tn. 
 
 THV 
 
 fir 
 
 k^ tcke 2. ihyppe 2.1 h .... ': 
 
 Vol. II. 5 L 
 
738 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 any parell and came to Sluse in Flaunders, and fro thens to Ardenbourge, and so to 
 Gaunte, to Andwarpe," to Athe in Brabant, and to Conde, and so to Valencennes, and 
 there toke his lodgynge at the signe of the Swanne in the market place, and there ta- 
 ryed a thre dayes, and refresshed himselfe ; he rode nat lyke no bysshop, but lyke a 
 monke pylgryme, and dyscouered to no man what he was nor what he entended to do: 
 the fourth day he departed, and toke a man to be his guyde to Parys, sayenge howe he 
 wolde go a pylgrymage to saynt More : he dyd so moch that he came thyder where as 
 the erie of Derby was, at a place called vyncetour'' besyde Parys. Whan the erle of 
 Derby sawe, the bysshop, of Caunterbury comynge to him, his herte and spyrites re- 
 ioysed, and so dyd all suche as were aboute him, for he thought well than to here some 
 newes oute of Englande. The bysshoppe shewed nat as than the cause of his comynge, 
 but dissymuled bycause euery man shulde nat knovve his entent, and therfore to couer 
 his busynesse, he sayd openly, he was come on pylgrymage to saynt Mors. All suche 
 as were aboute the erle thought it had ben so. Whan the bysshop sawe his tyme he 
 toke aparte the erle of Derby alone into a chambre, and closed the dore to them : than 
 the bysshop shewed the erle the debylyte of the reatme of Englande, and of the deso- 
 lacyon therof, and howe iustyce had no place to reygne for faute of a good kinge, and 
 howe certayne valyaunt men and prelates, with the londoners and other in generall, had 
 deuised a remedy, and for that cause he was sente thyder to hym, to desyre him to re- 
 tournc into Englande, and they wolde make hym kynge, bycause y Rycharde of Bur- 
 deaulx had doone and consented to be done so many yuell dedes that all the people so- 
 rowed it, and are redy to ryse agaynst hym ; and therfore, syr, nowe is the tyrae or 
 neuer for you to seke for your delyuerauce and profyte, and for the welth of your chyl- 
 dren : for if ye entende nat to helpe yourselfe and theyra also none other wyll ; for Ry- 
 charde of Burdeaux gyueth to them of his chambre and to other dayly parte of your 
 enherytauceand of your chyldrens, of the whiche many valyaunt men and the londoners 
 were sore dyspleased therwith, if they coude amended it, but they durst neuer speake 
 tyll nowe ; but bycause the kynge hath yuell vsed hymselfe agaynst you and agaynst 
 your vncle the duke of Gloucestre, who was taken by nyght and conueyed to Calays 
 and there murdered, and the erle of Arundell beheeded without tytell of any good rea- 
 son, and the erle of Warwyke exyled, and you banysshed, and thus the realme of Eng- 
 lande is nere dysheryted of all noble men, by whome the realme shulde be susteyned: 
 and also the kynge hath banysshed the erle of Northumberlande and the lorde Percy his 
 Sonne, bycause they spake somewhat agaynst the kynges gouernaunce and his counsayle. 
 Thus they dayly encrease in doynge yuell, and none dare speke agaynst it ; great parte 
 of the realme haue pytie therof, and therfore they desyre you to slepe no lenger, but to 
 take leaue of y frenche kynge and retourne into Englande ; there shall you be receyued 
 with ioye: and all this that I haue sayd they wyll fyrmely vpholde, for they desyre to 
 haue none other kynge but you, ye are so well beloued in the realme. 
 
 Whan the erle had herde the bysshops wordes at length, he was nat hasty in gyuenge 
 of aunswere, but leaned out at a wyndowe lokynge downe into a gardeyne, and studyed 
 a certayne space, and had many imagynacions ; at last he tourned hym to tlie archebys- 
 shop and sayd : Syr, your wordes causeth me to study. Lothe I wolde be to take on me 
 this enterprise, and lothe I wolde be to leaue it, for I knowe well that it wyll be longe 
 or I canne retourne into Englande, without it be by the same meanes as ye haue de- 
 clared. Lothe I wolde be to enclyne to your wordes, for the Frenche kynge here and 
 the frenchmen do to me, and haue done, and wyll do (if I lyst here to tary), all the ho- 
 nour and curtesye that I canne desyre : and if so be by reasone of your wordes, and pro- 
 
 messe 
 
 ' Oudenarde. ^ Hotel de Winchester; latterly called the Bicetre, 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 739 
 
 messe of the londoners, my good frendes, that I shulde apply and agree to their wylles 
 and desyre, and that therby kynge Rycharde shulde be taken and dystroyed, I shulde 
 in that case beare great blame, wherof I wolde be ryght lothe, if any other meanes 
 might be founde. Sir, quod the bysshoppe, I am sent hyther to you in hope of all 
 goodnesse ; call to you your counsayle, and shewe them what I haue sayd, and I shall 
 also shewe them the cause of my comynge, and 1 thynke they wyll nat counsayle you 
 to the contrary. That shall I do, quod the erle, for suche a weyghty mater requyreth 
 counsayle. Than the erle called to hym his counsayle suche as he trusted best. Whan 
 they were before hym, than the erle caused the bysshop to shewe them all the mater, 
 and the cause of his comynge thyder. Than the erle demauded counsayle what was 
 beste for hym to do. They all aunswered with one voyce : syr, god hathe taken pytie 
 of you: howesoeuer ye do, refuse nat this bargayne, for ye shal neuer haue a better: and 
 surely whosoeuer wyll enquyre of your lygnage, and fro whence ye dyscended, ye are 
 of the ryght stocke and generacyon of saynt Edwarde, somtyme kynge of Englande. 
 Syr, thanke the londoners your good frendes, who wyll helpe to delyuer you out ol 
 daunger, and haue pytie on your chyldren,and of the desolacyon of the realme of Eng- 
 lande ; and, syr, remembre well what wroges and iniuryes this Rycharde of Burdeaux 
 hath done to you and dothe dayly ; for whan the maryage bytwene you and the coun- 
 tesse of Ewe was nere at a poynte, dyd nat the erle of Salysbury breke it, and called 
 you traytoure in the presence of the frenche kynge and other lordes ? whiche wordes 
 are nat to be pardoned, but ye ought to desyre howe to be reuenged. Sir, if ye wyll nat 
 helpe yourselfe, who shulde helpe you ? Syr, take good aduyse herin. 
 
 Howe the erle of Derby lake leaue of the frenche kyng, and went to his cosyn the 
 
 duke of Bretaygne. 
 
 CAP. CCXXXIX.' 
 
 WHANNE the erle herde his cousaylours so ernestly counsayle him, his spyrites 
 opened and sayd: Syrs, I wyll do as ye wyll haue me, for to haue your counsayle was 
 the entente that I sent for you. Syr, quod they, ye saye well ; and, syr, we counsayle 
 you trewly to our power, and as the matter requyreth. Than as secretly as they coude 
 they ordeyned for their departure : than it was deuysed howe they might passe the see, 
 or any knowledge therof shulde come into Englande. They deuysed that of two wayes 
 they muste take one : outher to go into Haynalte and into Holande, and there take the 
 see at Dordright, or els to go into Bretaygne to the duke, and there to take the see, and 
 so to lande at Plummouth, or where as god wolde in Englande. All thynges consy- 
 dred, they sayd the best way shulde be by Bretaygne, and than they sayd to the erle : 
 syr, go and take your leaue of the frenche kynge, and thanke hym of the curtesy that 
 he hath shewed vnto you, and take leaue of the duke of Orlyance, and of the kynges 
 vncles and other, and thanke theym all of the good chere they haue made you, and de- 
 syre of the kinge to haue conducte to go into Bretaygne, sayenge that ye wyll go se the 
 duke your cosyn, and to tary there a season with hym. The erle acorded to their coun- 
 sayle, and whan he was redy he wente to Parys to the kynge, as he was acustomed to 
 do, for euer whan he came there was no dore closed agaynst him. At this last tyme he 
 spake wysely to the kynge, and shewed hym howe he wolde go and sporte hym a season 
 in Brctayne, and to se the duke, whome he called his vncle, for he had had to his wyfe 
 
 5 B 2 his 
 
 ! Chapter CCXXXV. 
 
740 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 his fathers suster, doughter to Kynge Edwarde. The frenche kynge thought nothyng but 
 well, and so gaue hym lyghtly leaue. Than the erle desyred to haue conducte to bringe 
 hym thyder. He graunted his desyre. So to make shorte, the Erie ordeyned all his 
 busynesse by great wysdome, and toke his leaue of all the lordes of Fraunce, suche as 
 were there as than, and he gaue great gyftes to the kynges offycers, and to ofiycers of 
 armes, and to mynstrelles ; and in the howse of Clysson he made a supper to all suche 
 as wolde come to hym ; and the nexte daye he toke his horse and departed fro Parys, 
 and issued out at the gate of saynt Jaques, and toke y way to Estampes. A knight 
 of Beawsey^ dyd guyde hym, called syr Guy of Baygneux.'' So longe they rode 
 that they came to Blois, and there they taryed an viii. dayes, for the erle had sente 
 a knyght and his haraulde into Bretayne to sygnyfie the duke of his comynge, as rea- 
 son was. 
 
 Whan duke Johan of Bretaygne knewe that his nephewe the erle of Derby was co- 
 mynge thyder, he was therof ryght ioyfuU, for he loued alwayes the Duke of Lancaster 
 and all his bretherne, and sayde to the knight that brought him worde, who was called 
 Gillyam de la Pierre: Sir, why dothe our nephewe tary by the way, that he cometh nat 
 hyther streyght ? The knyght excused the erle as well as he myght. Well, quod the 
 duke, I sawe no man this seuen yere that I wolde be gladder to se than my nephewe the 
 erle of Derby ; retourne to hym and cause hym to come, for he shall fynde my countrey 
 redy open to receyue hym. Of that aunswere the knyght was gladde, and retourned as 
 shortely as he coulde, and came to Bloys, and shewed the erle and his counsayle the 
 dukes aunswere. The next day they rode forthe, and had payed for euery thynge, and 
 in the erle of Derbyes company was syr Peter of Craon, who was banysshed out of the 
 realme of Fraunce, and all his castelles, rentes, and reuenues seased for the some of a 
 hundred thousande frankes, iudged to the duchesse of Aniou, queue of Napoles, by 
 proces of the lawe. Thus the erle of Derby came to Nauntes, and there founde the 
 duke, who receyued him nobly and all his company. Than syr Guy le Bayneux" re- 
 tourned into Fraunce, and the erle taryed with the duke of Bretaygne, who made hym 
 as good chere as coulde be deuysed ; and all this seasone the bysshoppe of Caunterbury 
 was styll with the erle and his cousayle. The duke spared nothynge vpon the erle nor 
 vpon his men, but shewed them all the loue of the worlde, and yet the duke knewe 
 well the dyspleasure that kynge Rycharde had agaynste the erle, wherof he had pytie. 
 Whan the erle consydred the dukes good wyll and fauoure, he dyscouered to hym parte 
 of his busynesse, as touchynge the duchy of Lancastre, and suche herytages as the 
 duke his father had in possessyon whan he dyed, and desyringe therin to haue the dukes 
 counsayle, sayenge : that he was nat repealed agayne by the kynge, but gyueth dayly 
 away parte of his enherytaunces: wherby he shewed the duke, that many noble men and 
 prelates in Englande were nat well contente with the kynge, and the realme therby in 
 great dyfFerence, in so moche that dyuers noble men and the londoners had sent to hym 
 to haue hym to come into Englande, promysynge that they wolde make his peace with 
 the kynge, and set hym in his herytage. Whan the duke herde that, he sayd : Fayre 
 nephue, where as be many wayes, the best ought to be chosen. By the kynge ye are in 
 a harde case ; ye demaunde counsayle, and I wyll counsayle you to gyue credence to 
 your frendes in Englande ; the londoners are myghty and puyssaunt ; they, and by the 
 ayde of other prelates, lordes, and knyghtes of the realme shall bringe the kynge to 
 agre to their desyres ; and, nephewe, I shall ayde you with shyppes and with men of 
 warre to resyste the daungers vpon the see. Of that offre the erle thanked the duke of 
 Bretayne. 
 
 ' Beauce. I Baveux. — Tolmes. . ' 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 7,41 
 
 Horn the erle of Derby aryued in Englande, and hotye he was receyued of the 
 
 londoners. 
 
 CAP. CCXL.^ 
 
 THUS the duke of Bretaygne and the erle of Derby were louyngely concluded 
 togyder, and the erle taryed there a certayne space, and made as though he wolde liaue 
 taryed styll there, and in the nieane seasone the erle made his prouysyon at Wannes ; 
 and whan all thynge was redy, the duke and the erle came thyder, and whan the wynde 
 serued the erle of Derby and his company tooke the see ; he had with hym ihre 
 shyppes of warre to conducte hvm into Englande, and the further they sayled the 
 better wynde they had, so that within two dayes and two nyghtes they aryued at Plu- 
 mouth in Englande, and issued out of their shyppes, and entred into the towne lytell 
 and lytell. The bayly of Piumouthe, who had charge of the tovvne vnder the kynge, 
 had great marueyle whanne he sawe so moche people and men of warre entre into the 
 towne ; but the bysshop of Caunterbury apeased him, and sayd howe they were menne 
 of warre that wolde do no harme in the realme of Englande, sent thyder by the duke 
 of Bretaygne to serue the kynge and the realme. Therwith the bayly was contente, and 
 the erle of Derby kept hymselfe so priuy in a chaumbre, that none of the towne knewe 
 hym. Than the bysshoppe of Caunterbury wrote letters sygned with his hande to 
 London, sygnyfienge the comynge of the erle of Derby, and sente them by a suffycyent 
 man in post, who tooke fresshe horses by the waye, and came to London the same daye 
 at night, and passed oner the bridge and so came to the mayres lodgynge, who as than 
 was a bedde ; and as sone as the mayre knewe that a messager was come fro the bysshop 
 of Caunterbury, he rose out of his bedde and made the messanger to entre into his 
 chambre, who delyuered hym a lettre fro the bysshoppe of Caunterbury. The mayre 
 redde it and reioysed greatly of those newes, and incontynent he sente of his seruauntes 
 fro house to howse, princypally to suche as were of counsayle of sendynge for the Erie 
 of Derby. They were all gladde of that tydynges, and incontynent there assembled 
 togyther of the moste notablest men of the cytie to the nombre of two hundred, and 
 they spake togyder, and helde no longe counsayle, for the case required it nat, but they 
 sayd : lelte vs apparell ourselfe and go and receyue the duke of Lancastre, sythe we 
 agreed to sende for hym ; the archebysshoppe of Caunterbury hathe well doone his de- 
 uoyre, seynge he hath brought hym into Englande. Than they dyd chose certayne 
 men to go abrode to publysshe the erles comynge to lordes, knyghtes, and squyers, 
 suche as were of their party, and mo than fyue hundred of the londoners tooke their 
 horses, and they had so great desyre to go forthe that they were lothe to tarye one for 
 another. The erle of Derby taryed nat longe at Plummouth, but the nexte daye as 
 soone as their horses were vnshypped they rode towardes London ; and all that season 
 sir Peter of Craon and y bretons were styll with the erle. The mayre of London and 
 they that hadde the gouernyng of the cytie, were the fyrst that mette the erle in the 
 feldes, and humbly receyued him, and euer as they rode forwarde they mette more 
 people. The fyrst daye they cae and laye at Guyldforde, a fyue and twentie myle fro 
 Lodoii : the next day a great nombre of the men, women, and chyldren of London and 
 the clergy came to mete with the erle, they h.id suche desyre to se hym ; and whan 
 they cae into his sight they cried, welcome noble erle of Derby and duke of Lancastre ; 
 
 God 
 
 ' Chapter CCXXXVI. 
 
742 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 God sende you ioye, welthe, and prosperyte. Sithe ye wente out of Englande the 
 realme hath ben in no prosperyte : nowe we truste ye shall bringe vs into a reasonable 
 estate, for we haue lyued in great displeasaunce and desolacyon, by the meanes of 
 Richarde of Burdeaux and his counsayle : and specially he ought moost chefe to be 
 blamed, for a kynge that shulde gouerne a realme and people ought to haue suche dis- 
 crecyon to knowe gode and yuell asondre, otherwise he is nat worthy to gouerne a 
 realme ; and this Rycharde of Burdeaux hath done contrary, whiche shal be well 
 knowen and proued vpon him. With suche wordes and other the people brought the 
 erle to London. The mayre rode cheke and cheke by hym, whiche was great pleasure 
 for the people to se ; and the mayre sometyme sayde to the erle : Sir, beholde howe thei 
 people reioyse of your comyng. That is trewe, quod the erle : and alwayes as he rode 
 he enclyned his heed to the people on euery syde. Thus the erle was brought to his 
 lodgynge, and euery man departed tyll after dyner. Than the mayre and the notable 
 men of the cite, and dyuers other lordes and knyghtes, prelates, bysshoppes, and ab- 
 bottes, suche as were in London cam to se the erle ; also the duchesse of Gloucestre 
 and her two doughters came to se therle, who were his cosyn germayns. Affren' their 
 brother was with kynge Richarde, more for feare thane for loue. With these ladyes 
 was the countesse of Arundell and her chyldren, and also the countesse of Warwyke, 
 with dyuers other ladyes, suche as were at London. The people of London were so 
 ioyfuU of the erles comyng, that there was no more workynge in London that daye than 
 and it had ben Easter daye. 
 
 To come to a conclusyon of this busynesse : The people toke cousayle and aduyse 
 to ryde agaynst the kynge, whom the Londoners named Richard of Burdeaux, kynge 
 •without tytell or honour : for the vyllaynes of London hadde the kyng in suche hate, 
 that it was payne for them to here spekynge of hym, but to his codempnacion and dis- 
 traction : for they hadde treated the erle of Derby to be their kynge, and he was moche 
 ordred by their counsayls. The erle of Derby toke on hym to be kyng, and so to en- 
 dure for euer he and his heyres ; and therto the Londoners dyde swere and scale, and 
 promysed that all the resydue of the realme shulde do the same, so solempnely that 
 there shulde neuer questyon be made therof after ; also they promysed hym to aide and 
 to assyste hym alwayes. These promyses and boundes ones taken and concluded, than 
 it was ordayned that xii. hundred'' men of London, well armed, shulde ryde with the 
 erle towardes Bristowe, and to do so moche, that Richarde of Burdeaux myght be taken 
 and brought to London, and than to take aduyse what shulde be done with hym, and to 
 be iudged by the lawe and by the thre estates of the realme : also it was ordayned (to 
 make the lesse brute and sclaundre), that the men of warre of Bretaygne, suche as were 
 come thyder with the erle, shulde be retourned home agayne, for it was sayde howe 
 they hadde men ynoughe to do their dedes without them ; so that the erle had all the 
 bretons before hym, and thanked them of their seruyce that they hadde done hym, and 
 gaue them great rewardes so that they were well content, and so retourned to Plumouthe 
 to the shyppes and so into Bretaygne. 
 
 Nowe lette vs speke of the erle of Derby, who ordayned to ryde to Bristowe. 
 
 The erle of Derby was cheife of that armye, as reason was, for it touched hym most 
 nerest. Thus he departed fro London, and as he rode, the countrey fell into hym. 
 Tidynges cae into the kynges host of the comyng of the erle of Derby and of the Lon- 
 doners : many knyghtes, squyers, and other knewe it or the kynge hadde knowledge 
 therof, but they durst nat speke therof. Whan the tidynges spredde more abrode, 
 
 suche 
 
 ' Humphrey. " 12,000? 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 743 
 
 suche as were next the kyng were in great feare, for they knewe well the kynge and they 
 bothe were lykely to fall in paryll, bycause they hadde so many ennemyes in the 
 realme ; and suche were tha their ennemyes, that hadde made good face before, for 
 many k'nightes, squyers, and other, suche as hadde serued the kyng before, departed 
 fro the courte without any lycence; some wente home to their owne houses, and some 
 toke the nexte waye they coude streyght to the erle of Derby to serue hym. As soone 
 as Affren' of Gloucestre, and Rycharde, sone to the erle of Arundell, knewe that the 
 Erie of Derby and the Londoners were comynge, they gote their men toguyder and 
 departed, and rode streyght to the erle of Derby, whome they founde beyonde Oxen- 
 forde, at a towne called Soucetour.'' Therle of Derby hadde great ioye whaiie he sawe 
 his cosyns, and demaunded of the state of the kynge, and howe they were departed fro 
 hym. They aunswered and sayde : Sir, at our departynge we spake nat with hym : for 
 as soone as we knewe of your commynge, we lepte on our horses and departed to come 
 to serue you, and to ayde to reuenge the dethe of our fathers, whome Richarde of Bur- 
 deaulx hathe caused to be slayne. Sirs, quod the erle, ye be lyght welcome ; ye shall 
 ayde me and I shall helpe you, for it is behouable that oure cosyn Rycharde of Bur- 
 deaux be brought to London: so haue I promysed to the Londoners, and I wyll kepe 
 my promyse, for therto they wyll ayde me ; and we haue men ynowe to fyght with hym 
 if nede be ; and if he wyll haue batayle he shall haue it. 
 
 Ho]ve tidynges came to kj/ug Richarde of the comynge of the erle of Derby with great 
 
 pHi/ssaunce. 
 
 CAP. CCXLL<= 
 
 IT was sayd to the kynge, whan the mater coude no lengar be hydde : Sir, aduyse 
 you well ; ye haue nede of good counsayle shortely, for the Londoners and other 
 Cometh agaynst you with great puissaunce, and hath made therle of Derby your cosyn 
 their chefe capitayne ; they haue gote hym out of Fraiice : this hath nat been done with- 
 out great treatie. Whan the kynge herde that, he was sore abasshed, and wyste nat 
 what to saye, for all his spyrites trymbled: for tha he saw well the maters were lykely 
 to go yuell agaynst hym, without he coude gette puyssauce to resyst them. Than the 
 kynge sayd : Sirs, make all our men redy, and sende througheout my realme for ayde, 
 for I wyll nat flye before my subiettes. Sir, quod they, the mater gothe yuell, for your 
 men do leaue you and flye awaye ; ye haue loste the one halfe, and all the rest are sore 
 abasshed, and leseth coutynauce. Why ? quod the kyng ; what will ye that I shall 
 do ? Sir, leaue the felde, for ye are nat able to kepe it, and gette you into some stronge 
 castell tyll sir Johan Hoilade your brother come, who is aduertysed of all this mater; 
 and whaiie he is come he shall fynde some remedy, outlier biforce of armes or elles by 
 treatie, at leest to bring you into some better case than ye be in at this present tyrae, 
 for if ye kej:>e the felde, paraduenture some wyll forsake you and go to hym. To this 
 coi^Lsaile the kyng agreed. At that tyme the erle of Salisbury was nat with y kyng ; he 
 was in his countre. Wlian he herde howe the erle of Derby with the Londoners and 
 great puissaunce rode agaynst the kyng, he yniagined that the matter was in paryll for 
 hym and for the kynge, and for suche as the kyng had ben counsayled by; so he sate 
 styll to here other tidynges; also the duke of yorke was nat with the kyng, but his 
 
 sonne 
 
 ' Humphrey. '■> Cirencester. '^ Chapter CCXXXVII. 
 
744 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 Sonne the erle of Rutlande was alwayes with y kyng, for two causes ; the one was, kyns, 
 Richarde loued hyra entierly; and another was, bycause he was constable of En^- 
 lande ; therfore by right he ought to be with the kynge. Whan the kyng had supped, 
 newe tidynges cae agayne to hym, sayeng : Sir, it is tyme to take aduise howe ye wyll 
 order yourselfe ; your puyssauce is nat sufficient agaynst the that cometh agayngt you ; 
 it cannat aueyle you to make batayle agaynst them : it behoueth you to passe this daun- 
 ger by sadde aduyse and good counsayle, and by wysedome apease them that be your 
 yuel willers, as ye haue done or this tyme, and than correcte them after at leysar. 
 There is a castell a xii. niyle hens, called the castell of Flynte, whiche is strono-e ; we 
 counsayle you to go thider, and close you within it tyll ye here other newes fro the erle 
 of Huntyngton your brother, and fro other of your frendes, and sende into Irelande 
 for socours ; and y freche kyng your father in lawe, whan he knoweth of your nede, he 
 wyll conforte you. The kyng folowed that counsayle, and apoynted them that shulde 
 ride with hym to the castell of Flynt ; and he ordayned his cosyn erle of Rutlande to 
 tary styll at Bristowe, and that they shulde be redy to sette forwarde whan he sent to 
 them, and that he was of power to fyght with his enemyes. The nexte day the kynge, 
 with suche as were of his householde, rode to the castell of Flynte, and entred into the 
 castell without makynge any semblaunt to make any warre, but to abide there and to de- 
 fende the castell if they were assayled. 
 
 Howe kyng Richarde yelded himselfe to the erle of Derby to go to London. 
 
 CAP. CCXLI.^ 
 
 THE erle of Derby and the londoners had their spies goyng and comyng, who re- 
 ported to them al y state of the kyng ; and also the erle knewe it by suche knyghtes and 
 squyers as daylye came fro the kynges parte to therle, who had sure knowledge that the 
 king was gone to the castell of Flynt, and had no company with him but such as were 
 of his owne housholde, and semed that he wolde no warre, but to scape that dauger by 
 treatie. Than therle determyned to ryde thyder, and to do so moche to haue y kyng 
 outher biforce or by treatie. Than the erle and all his company rode thyder, and within 
 two myle of the castell they founde a great vyllage ; there the erle taryed and dranke, 
 and determyned in hymselfe to ryde to the castell of Flynt with two hundred horse, 
 and to leaue the rest of his company styll there: and he sayde he wolde do what he 
 coude by fay re treatie to entre into the castell by loue and nat perforce, and to bring 
 out the kynge with fayre wordes, and to assure hym fro all paryll, excepte goynge to 
 London, and to promise hym that he shall haue no hurte of his body, and to be meane 
 for hym to the Londoners, who were nat cotent with hym. Therles deuyse semed good 
 to them that harde it, and they sayd to hym : Sir, beware of dissymulacion : this Ry- 
 charde of Burdeaux muste be taken outher quycke or deed, and all the other traytours 
 that be about hym and of his counsayle, and so to be brought to London and sette in 
 the towre ; the Londoners wyll nat suffre you to do the contrary. Than the erle sayde : 
 Sirs, feare nat, but all that is enterprised shall he accomplysshed ; but if I can gette hym 
 out of the castell with fayre wordes, I wyll do it ; and if I canne nat, I shall sende you 
 worde therof, and than ye shall come and laye siege about the castell, and than we wyll 
 do so moche by force or by assaute, that we wyll haue hym quicke or deed, for the 
 castell is well prignable. To those wordes accorded well y londoners. So the erle de- 
 parted 
 
 ' Chapter CCXXXVIII. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 745 
 
 parted fro the army, and rode with two hudred men to the castell, where us the kyng 
 was amog his men right sore abasshed. The erie came ridyng to the castell gate, 
 whiche was faste closed, as the case requyred : the erle knocked at the gate ; the porters 
 demanded who was tiiere ; the erle answered, I am Henry of Lancastre ; I come to the 
 kynge to demaunde myne herytage of the duchy of Lancastre ; shewe the kynge this fro 
 me. Sir, quod they within, we shall do it. Incontynent they went into the hall and 
 into the dongyon where as the kyng was, and suche knyghtes about hym as had long 
 tyme cousayled hym. Than these newes were shewed to the kyng, and sayd : sir, your 
 cosyn of Derby is at y gate, who demadeth of you to be set in possessyon of y duchy of 
 Lancastre his enherytaunce. The kynge than regarded suche as were aboute hym, and 
 demaunded what was best to do. They said: sir, in this request is none yuell ; ye 
 maye let hym come into you with xii." persons in his company, and here what he wyll 
 saye ; he is your cosyn, and a great lorde of the realme ; he maye well make your peace 
 and he wyll, for he is greatly beloued in the realme, and specially with the Londoners, 
 who sente for hym into Frauce ; they be as nowe y chefe that be agaynst you. Sir, ye 
 must dissymule tyll the mater be apeased, and tyll the erle of Huntyngton your brother 
 be with you ; and it cometh nowe yuell to passe for you that he is at Calais, for there 
 be many nowe in Englande that be rysen agaynst you, that and they knewe that youre 
 brother were aboute you, they wolde sytte styll and durst nat displease you : and yet he 
 hathe to his wyfe the erle of Derbyes suster : by his ineanes we suppose ye shulde come 
 to peace and cocorde. The kyng agreed to those wordes, and said : Go and let hym 
 come in with xii." with hym and no mo. Two knyghtes went downe to the gate, and 
 opyned the wycket and issued out and made reuerence to the erle, and receyued hym 
 with gracious wordes, for they knewe well that they hadde no force to resyst them, and 
 also they knewe well the Londoners were sore displeased Avith the : therfore they spake 
 fayre, and sayde to the erle : Sir, what is your pleasure ? the kyng is at masse ; he hath 
 sente vs hyder to speke with you ? I saye, quod therle, ye knowe well I ought to haue 
 possessyon of the duchy of Lancastre ; I am come in partie for that cause, and also for 
 other thynges that I wolde speke with the kynge of. Sir, quod they, ye be welcome; 
 the kyng wolde be gladde to se you and to here you, and hath commaunded that ye 
 come to hym all onely with xii.* persones. The erle answered : it pleaseth me well : 
 so he entred into the castell with xii." persones, and than the gate closed agayne, and the 
 rest of his copany taryed without. 
 
 Nowe consyder what dauger therle of Derby was in, for the kyng than myght haue 
 slayne hym and suche as were with hym, as easely as a byrde in a cage ; but he feared 
 nat the mater, butboldelye went to the kyng, who chauged colours whan he sawe the 
 erle. Than the erle spake aloude, without makynge of any great honour or reuerence, 
 and sayd : Sir, are ye fastynge ? The kyng answered and sayd yea, why aske you ? It 
 is tyme, quod the erle, that ye had dyned, for ye haue a great iourney to ryde. Why, 
 wheder shulde I ryde, quod the kynge ? Ye must ryde to London, quod therle, wher- 
 fore I counsayle you eate and drinke, that ye maye ryde with the more myrthe. Than 
 the kynge, who was sore troubled in his mynde, and in a maner afrayde of those 
 wordes, sayde : I am nat hungry ; I haue no luste to eate. Than suche as were by, 
 who were as than gladde to flatter therle of Derby, for they sawe well the mater was 
 lyke to go dyuersly, sayde to the kynge : Sir, beleue your cosyn of Lancastre, for he 
 wyll nothyng but good. Than the kyng sayd : well, I am content ; couer the tables. 
 Thanrie the kynge wasshed and satte downe and was serued. Than the erle was de- 
 maunded if he wolde sytte downe : he sayde no, for he was nat fastynge. 
 
 Vol. IL 5 C In 
 
746 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 In the mean season wliyle the kyng satte at dyner, who dyde eate but lytell, his hert 
 was so full that he had no lust to eate, all the countrey about the castell was full of 
 menofwarre: they within the castell myght se them out at the wyndowes, and the 
 ky-nge whan he rose fro the table myght se them hymselfe. Than he demaunded of 
 his cosyn what men they were that appered so many in thej'eldes. Therle aunswered 
 and sayde: the moost parte of the be Londoners. What wolde they haue ? quod the 
 kyng. They wyll haue you, quod therle, and bringe you to London, and putte you 
 into the towre; there is none other remedy, ye can scape none otherwyse. No, quod 
 y kyng, and he was sore afrayde of those wordes, for he knewe well the Lodoners loued 
 hym nat, and sayde: Cosyn, can you nat prouyde for mysuretie? I wyll nat gladly 
 putte me into their hades, for I knowe well they hate me, and haue done long, though 
 I be their kynge. Than therle sayd: Sir, I se none other remedy but to yelde your- 
 selfe as my prisoner ; and whan they knowe that ye be my prisoner they wyll do you 
 no hurte ; but ye must so ordayne you and your copany to ryde to Lodon with me, and 
 to be as my prisoner in the towre of London. The kyng, who sawe hymself in a harde 
 case, all his spyrites were sore abasshed, as he that douted greatly that the londoners 
 Avolde slee hym. Than he yelded hymselfe prisoner to the erle of Derby, and boiide 
 hymselfe, and promysed to do all that he wolde haue hym to do. In lykewise all other 
 knightes, squyers, and oETycers yelded to the erle, to eschewe the dauger and paryll 
 that they were in : and the erle than receyued them as his prisoners, and ordayned in- 
 contynent horses to be sadylled and brought forthe into the courte and the gates opyned, 
 than many men of armes and archers entred ; than the erle of Derby caused a crye to 
 be made : on payne of dethe, no man to be so hardy to take away any thyng within y 
 castell, nor to laye any handes vpon any persone, for all were vnder the erles saue- 
 garde and protection ; whiche crye was kept, no man durst breke it. The erle had the 
 Icyng downe into the courte talkyng toguyder, and caused all the kynges hole hous- 
 holde and estate to go forwarde, as of custome they had done before, without chaugyng 
 or mynisshynge of any thyng. Whyle euery thyng was a preparyng, the kyng and the 
 erle comuned toguyder in the court, and were well regarded by the Londoners : and as 
 It was enformed me, kynge Richarde had a grayhounde called Mathe, who alwayes 
 wayted vpon the kynge, and wolde knowe no man els : for whansoeuer the kyng dyde 
 ryde, he that kept the grayhounde dyde lette hym lose, and he wolde streight rynne to 
 the kynge and fawne vpon hym, and leape with his fore fete vpon the kynges shulders ; 
 and as the kyng and the erle of Derby talked togyder in the courte, the grayhounde, 
 who was wont to lepe vpon the kyng, left the kynge and came to the erle of Derby, duke 
 of Lancastre, and made to hym the same frendly coutinaiice and chere as he was wonte 
 to do to the kyng. The duke, who knewe nat the grayhoude, demaunded of the kyng 
 "what the grayhounde wolde do. Cosyn, quod the kyng, it is a gret good token to you, 
 and an yuell signe to me. Sir, howe know you that ? quod the duke. I knowe it well, 
 quod the kyng: the grayhounde raaketh you chere this day as kynge of Englande, as ye 
 shal be, and I shal be deposed: the grayhoude hath this knowledg'e naturally ; therfore 
 take hym to you, he wyll folowe you and forsake me. The duke vnderstode well those 
 wordes, and cherisshed the grayhounde, who wolde neuer after folowe kyng Richarde, 
 but folowed the duke of Lacastre. 
 
 So euery man lepte a horsbacke and departed fro the castell ofFlynt, and entred into 
 the feldes. Thus duke Henry of Lancastre, who was no more called erle of Derby but 
 duke of Lacastre, rode by the kyng and oftentymes talked togider, and men of warre be- 
 fore and behynde in great nombre, and all suche as were of the kynges courte rode to- 
 guyder in a company. That night they laye about Oxenforde. The duke of Lancastre 
 ledde kyng Richarde by no castelles nor good townes, for feare of styring of the people, 
 
 but 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 747 
 
 but alwayes kepte the feldes. Than the duke gaue lycence to a great nombre of his 
 people to departc, and sayd : Sirs, ye maye departe, for we haue that we desyre ; the 
 kyn<re can nat flye nor scape fro vs : Ave and our owne company shall bring hym to Lon- 
 don, and putte hym in sauegarde in y towre, he and all his are my prisoners, I may 
 brino^e them whider I wyll ; therfore sirs, go your wayes home tyll ye here other 
 newes. They dyde as the duke comaunded the, who toke the way to Wyndsore, and 
 came thyder, and moost parte of the Lodoners retourned to London, and other to their 
 owne places. The duke of Lacastre departed fro Wynsore, and wolde nat ride by Col- 
 broke, but toke the way by Shene, and so cae to dyner to Chersay; y l^'ng had desyred 
 the duke that he shulde nat bringe hym London waye, nor through the cytie, and ther- 
 fore they tooke that waye. As soone as they had the kynge thus in their handes, they\ 
 sente notable persones to the yong queue, who was at Ledes in Kent, and they cae to ' 
 the lady Coucy, who was seconde persone there next to the quene, and sayd to her : 
 Madame, make you redy, for ye must departe hens : and at your departyng make no 
 semblant of displeasure before the quene, but saye howe your husbande hath sent for 
 yo-u, and for your doughter also ; this that we saye, loke that you do accomplysshe on 
 payne of your lyfe, nor axe ye no questyons no further, and ye shal be conueyed to Do- 
 ner, and there haue a shyppe that shall bring you to Boloyne. The lady who douted 
 those wordes, for she knewe well Englysshe men were cruell and hasty, said: sirs, as 
 god wyll I am redy to do as ye wyll haue me. Anone she made her redy, and horses 
 were prouyded for her and for her copany. So all Frenche men and women departed, 
 and they were conueyed to Doner, and at the next tyde they toke shippyng, and had 
 good wynde, and so arryued at Boloyne. 
 
 Of the state of quene Isabell of Englande, and howe she had all newe persones 
 apoynted to zvaj/te vpon her, and liowe kyng Richarde was sette in the towre of 
 London. 
 
 CAP. CCXLIL" 
 
 AS for the state of the quene was so tourned and broken, for there Avas lefte nouther 
 man, Avoman, nor chylde of y nacion of Frace, nor yet of Englande, suche as were 
 in any fauour Avith the kyng: her house was newly furnisshed Avith ladyes and damo- 
 selles, and other offycers and seruauntes; they Avere charged all, that in no Avyse they 
 shuld nat speke of the kynge, nat one to another. Thus the duke of Lacastre departed 
 fro Chertsay, and rode to Shene, and fro thens in the nyght tyme they conueyed the 
 kyng to the tOAvre of Loudon, and suche other knightes and squyers as the kyng Avolde. 
 The nexte mornyng Avhan the Londoners kncAve that the kynge Avas in the towre, they 
 were gretly reioysed, but there was great murmuring among the, bycause the kyng Avas 
 conueyed thyder so secretely ; they were angry that the duke had nat brought hym 
 throughe London openly, nat to haue done him honor, but shame, they hated hym so 
 sore. Beholde the opinyon of comen people, Avha they be vp agaynst their prince or 
 lorde, and specially in Englande ; amonge them there is no remedy, for they are the 
 peryloust people of the worlde, and most outragyoust if they be vp, and specially the 
 Londoners, and in dede they be riche and of a great nombre ; there AAas Avell in Lodon 
 a xxiiii. thousade men in harnesse complete, and a xxx. thousande archers, and they 
 
 5 C 2 Avere 
 
 • Chapter CCXXXIX. 
 
748 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 were hardy and hygli of corage : the more blode they sawe shedde, the lesse they were 
 abasshed. 
 
 Nowe lette vs somwhat speke of the erle of Rutlande, constable of Englande, sonne 
 to the duke of Yorke, who was taryed at Bristowe, and the lorde Speser with hym, who 
 had his suster to wyfe ; whan they knewe y the castell of Flynte was gyuen vp, and the 
 kynge taken and brought to London, thane they thought surely the matters wente nat 
 well for the kynge ; therfore they thought no lengar to tary there, and gaue leaue to al 
 their men of warre to departe, and the erle of Rutlande, and the lorde Spenser, rode 
 toguyder with their owne seruauntes to Hull," in the marchesse of Wales, a fayre maner 
 of the lorde Spensers, and there they taryed tyll they herde other tidynges : and the 
 duke of Yorke laye styll in his castell, and medled with nothynge of the busynesse of 
 Englande: no more he dyde before, he toke euer the tyme aworthe as it came ; howbeit, 
 he was sore displeased in his mynde, to se suche difference within y realme, and by- 
 twene his nephues and blode. 
 
 Nowe let vs retourne to speke of kynge Richarde. 
 
 Whan the duke of Lancastre had set his cosyn kyng Richard in y towre of London,, 
 and certayne of his cousaylours, and had sette sure kepynge on the, the fyrst thyngi 
 than that the duke dyde, he sent for the erle of Warwyke, who was banysshed and co- 
 maunded to lye in the ysle of Wyght, and discharged hym clene therof : and secondly, 
 the duke of Lancastre sent to therle of Northumberlande, and to the lorde Percy his 
 sonne, that they shulde come to hym, and so they dyde: after he enquered and sought 
 out to haue the foure companyons tliat had strangled his vncle the duke of Gloucestre 
 in the castell of Calais ; they were so well sought out, that they were all taken : they 
 were sette in prisone aparte in Lodon. Than the duke of Lancastre and his cousayle 
 toke aduyse what shulde be done with kyng Richarde, beyng in the towre of Lodon, 
 where as kyng Johan of Fraunce was kept, whyle kynge Edwarde wente into the realme 
 of Frauce : than it was thought that king Rycharde shulde be put fro all his royalte and 
 ioy that he hath lyued in, for they sayd, the newes of his takynge shulde sprede abrode 
 into all realmes crystened ; he had been kynge xxii. yere, and as than they determined 
 to kepe him in prisone: than they regarded what case the realme stode in, and dyd put 
 all his dedes in artycles to the nombre of xxviii. Than the duke of Lancastre and his 
 counsayle went to the towre of London, and entred into the chambre where kynge Ry- 
 charde was, and without any reuerence makynge to hym, there was openly redde all the 
 said artycles, to the whiche the kynge made none aunswere, for he sawe well all was 
 true y was layde to his charge, sauynge he sayd, all that I haue doone passed by my 
 counsayle. Than he was demaunded what they were that had gyuen cousayle, and by 
 whome he was most ruled; he named them, in trust therby to haue ben delyuered himselfe 
 m accusynge of them, as he had doone before tyme, trustynge therby to scape, and to 
 bringe them in the daunger and payne, but that was nat the mynde of them that loued 
 hym nat. So as at that tyme they spake no more but departed, and the duke of Lan- 
 castre Avent to his lodgynge, and sulTred the mayre and the men of lawe to procede : they 
 went to y Guyldhall, where as all the maters of llie cytie were determyned, and than 
 moche people assebled there. Whan they sa\Ye the gouernours of the cytie go thyder, 
 they thought some iustice shulde be done, as there was in dede. 1 shall shewe you 
 howe : Fyrste, the artycles that were made agaynst the kynge, the whiche had been 
 redde before hym in the towre, Avere redde agayne there openly ; and it was shewed by 
 hym that redde them, howe the kynge hymselfe denyed none of them, but confessed 
 that he dyd theym by the counsayle of four knightes of his chambre, and howe by their 
 
 counsayle 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 749 
 
 counsayle he had put to delhe the duke of Gloucestre, and the erle of Arudell, sir Tho- 
 mas Corbet, and other^ and howe they had longe encyted the kynge to do those dedes : 
 which dedes they sayd, were nat to>be forgyuen, but demaunded punycion; for by them 
 and their cousayle the iustyce of right was closed vp through all the courtes of Englande, 
 Westmynster, and other, wherby many yuell dedes folowed, and companyes and 
 rovvtes of theues and murderers rose and assembled togyther in dyuers parties of the 
 reahne, and robbed marchauntes by the wayes, and poore men in their houses, by 
 whiche meanes the realme was in great parell to haue ben lost witliout recouery ; and it 
 is to be ymagyned that fynally they wolde haue rendred Calais, or Guysnes, or bothe, 
 into the frenchmennes handes. These wordes thus shewed to the people made many to 
 be abasshed, and many beganne to murmure and sayd : these causes demaunde punycion, 
 that all other may take ensample tlierby, and Rycharde of Burdeaux to be deposed: for 
 he is nat worthy to beare a crowne, but ought to be depriued fro all honour, and to be 
 kept all his lyfe in prison with breed and water. Though some of the villaynes mur- 
 mured, other said on hygh : Sir mayre of London, and ye other that haue iustyce in 
 your handes to mynyster, execute iustyce : for we wyll ye spare no man, for ye se well 
 the case that ye haue shewed vs demaudeth iustyce incotynent, for they are iudges vpon 
 their owne dedes. Thnn the mayre and other of the gouernours of the-lawe went togy- 
 ther into the chambre of iudgement : than these four knyghtes were iudged to dye, and 
 were iudged to be had to the foote of the towre, where as kynge Richarde was, that he 
 might se them drawen alonge by the dyke with horses eche after other, throughe the 
 cytie into chepesyde, and than there heedes stryken of there, and sette vpon London 
 bridge, and there bodyes drawen to the gybet, and there hanged. 
 
 This iudgment gyuen they were delyuered to execucyon, for the mayre of London, 
 and suche as were deputed to the mater, wente fro the Guyldhall to the towre, and toke 
 out the four knyghtes of the kynges, whose names were called sir Bernarde Brokas, syr 
 Marciays, mayster Johii Derby, receyuour of Lyncolne, and mayster Stell, the kynges 
 stewarde ; eche of the were tyed to two horses, in the presence of them that were in the 
 towre, and the kynge myght well se it out at the wyndowes, wherwith he was sore dis- 
 comforted, for all other that were there with the kynge loked to be in the same case, 
 they knewe them of London so crnell. Thus these four knyghtes were drawen one 
 after another alonge through the cyte tyll they came into chepe, and there on a fysshers 
 stall their heedes were stryken of and set vpon London bridge, and their bodyes drawen 
 by the shulders to the gybet, and there hanged vp. This iustyce thus doone, euery 
 man went to their lodgynges. Kynge Rycharde knowyng himself taken, and in the 
 daunger of the londoners, ^vas in great sorowe in his herte, and rekened his puyssaunce 
 nothynge : for he sav.e howe euery man was agaynste hym, and if there were any that 
 ought hym any fauour, it laye nat in their powers to do hym any ayde, nor they durste 
 nat shewe it. Suche as were v/ith the kynge sayde : Syr, we haue but small trust in our 
 lyues as it may well apere ; for whan your cosyn of Lancastre came to the castell of 
 Flynte, and with your oAvne good wyll ye yelded you to hym, and he promysed that 
 you and twelue of yours shulde be his prisoners and haue no hurte, and nowe of those 
 twelue, four be executed shamefully, we are like to passe the same way; the cause is 
 these londoners, who hath caused the duke of Lancastre your cosyn to do this dede, 
 had hym so sore bounde to them that he muste do as they wyll haue hym : god dothe 
 moche for vs, if he suffre that we myght dye here our naturall deth, and nat a shamefull 
 dethe ; it is great pytie to thynke on this. With those wordes kyng Rycharde began 
 tederly to wepe and wringe his handes, and cursed the houre that euer he was borne, 
 rather than to haue suche an ende. Suche as were aboute hym had great pytie, and 
 recomforted hym as well as they might. One of his knyghtes sayd : Syr, it behoueth 
 
 you 
 
750 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 you to take comforte ; we se well, and so do you, that this worlde is nothyng, the for- 
 tunes therof are marueylous, and sonityme tourne as well vpon kinges and princes, as 
 vpon poore men ; the JVenche kynge, whose doughter ye haue maryed, canne nat nowe 
 ayde you, he is to farre of: if ye myght scape this niyschefe by dyssimulacyon, and 
 saue your lyfe and ours, it were a good enterprise : peraduenture within a yere or two 
 there wolde be had some recouery. Why, quod the kynge, what wolde ye that I 
 shulde do ? there is nothynge but I wolde be glad to do it to saue vs therby. Syr, quod 
 the knyght, we se for trouthe that these londoners wyll crowne vour cosyn of Lancas- 
 tre as kyng, and for that entent they sent for hym, and so haue ayded hym and do : it is 
 nat possyble for you to lyue, without ye consent that he be crowned kynge : wherfore 
 syr, we wyll counsayle you, (to the entent to saue your lyfe and ours), that whan your 
 cosyn of Lancastre cometh to you to demaunde any thynge, than Avith swete and treatable 
 wordes say to hym: howe that ye wyll resygne to hym the crowne of Englande, and all 
 the ryght that ye haue in the realme, clerely and purely into his handes, and howe that 
 ye wyll that he be kynge ; therby ye shall greatly apease him and the londoners also ; 
 and desyre hym effectuously to suffre you to lyue and vs also with you, or els euery 
 man a parte, as it shall please him, or els to banisshe vs out of the realme for euer, for 
 he that leseth his lyfe, leseth all. Kynge Rycharde herde those wordes well, and fyxed 
 them surelye in his herte, and sayd he wolde do as they counsayled hym, as he that 
 sawe hymselfe in great daunger : and than he sayd to them that kepte hym, howe he 
 M'olde gladly speke with his cosyn of Lancastre. 
 
 Howe Kynge Rycharde of Englande resigned t/ie crowne and the realme into the 
 handes of the erle of Derby duke of Lancastre. 
 
 CAP. CCXLIIIP 
 
 IT was shewed the duke of Lancastre howe Richarde of Burdeaux desyred to speke 
 Avith hym. The Duke in an euenynge toke a barge and went to the towre by water, and 
 vent to the kynge, who receyued hym curtesly, and humbled hymselfe greatly, as he 
 that sawe hymselfe in great daunger, and sayd : Cosyn of Lancastre, I regarde and con- 
 sydre myne estate, whiche is as nowe but small, I thanke god therof ; as any more to 
 reygne or to gouerne people, or to beare a crowne, I thynke it nat, and as god helpe 
 me I wolde I were deed by a naturall dethe, and that the frenche kinge had agayne his 
 doughter ; we haue had as yet no gret ioy togyder, nor syth I brought her into Eng- 
 lande, I coulde neuer haue the loue of my people as I had before. Cosyn, all thynges 
 cosydred, I knowe well I haue greatly trespassed agaynst you, and agaynst other noble 
 men of my blodde ; by dyuers thynges, I perceyue I shall neuer haue pardone nor come 
 to peace, wherfore with myne owne free and lyberall wyll, I wyll resygne to you the 
 herytage of the Crowne of Englande, and I requyre you take the gyfte therof with the 
 resignacyon. Whan the duke herde that, he sayd : syr, it is conuenyent that parte of 
 the thre estates of the realme be called to these wordes, 'and I haue sent allredy for some 
 noble men, prelates, and counsaylours of the good townes of Englande, and I truste 
 they wyll be here within this thre dayes, sufTycient of them, for you to make a dewe re- 
 sygnacion before them, and by this meanes ye shal greatly apease many men within the 
 realme ; for to withstande suche enormyties and yuels as haue ben vsed in the realme for 
 
 faute 
 
 . . • Chapter CCXL. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 751 
 
 faute of iustyce, who had no phice to reygne, I was sent for fro beyond the see: and the 
 people wolde crowne me, lor the renonie rynneth throu<rh Englande, that I haue more 
 ryght to the crowne than ye haue; for whan our grauntfather kynge Edwarde tlie thyrde 
 dyd chose and make you kynge, the same was as than shewed hym, but he loued so his 
 Sonne the prince, that none coude brcake his purpose nor opinyon, but that you shulde 
 be kynge ; and if ye wolde haue Iblowed the steppes of your father the prince, and haue 
 beleued his counsayle, as a good sonne ought to haue done, ye myght haue ben styll 
 kyng, and haue contynued your estate; but ye haue alwayes clone the contrary, so that 
 the comon renome rynneth through Englande, and in other places, that ye were neuer 
 sonne to the prince of Wales, but rather sonne to a preest or to a chanon ; for I haue 
 lierde of certayne knightes that were in the Princes howse, myne vncle, howe that he 
 knew well that his wyfe had nat truely kepte her maryage ; your mother was cosyn ger- 
 mayne to kynge Edwarde, and the kynge beganne to hate her, bycause she coulde haue 
 nogeneracion ; also she was the kynges gossyp of two chyldren at the fonte:" and she 
 that coulcle well kepe the prince in her bandon by crafle and subtylte, she made the 
 prince to be her husbande, and bycause she coulde haue no chylde, she douted that the 
 prince shulde be deuorsed fro her ; she dyd so moch that she was with chylde with you, 
 and with another before you ; as of the fyrst I can nat tell what to iudge, but as for you. 
 bycause your codicyons haue ben sene contrary fro all nobles and prowes of the prince, 
 therfore it is sayd that ye be rather sonne to a prest or to a chanon, for whan ye were 
 gotten and borne at Burdeaux, there were many yonge preestes in y princes house. 
 This is the brute in this countrey, and your workeshaue well folowed the same, for ye 
 be alwayes enclyned to the pleasure of the frenchmen, and to take with them peace to 
 the confusyon and dyshonoure of the realme of Englande. And bycause myne vncle of 
 Gloucestre, and the erle ofArundell, dyd cousayle you truly and faythfully to kepe 
 the honour of the realme, and to folovve the steppes of your auncestours, ye haue tray- 
 toursly caused them to dye ; as for me I haue taken on me to defende your lyfe as longe 
 as I may for pytie, and I shall pray the londoners and the herytours of them that ye 
 haue slayne and banysshed, to do the same. Cosyn, I thanke you, quod y kynge, I 
 truste more in you than in any other. It is but ryght that ye so shulde do, for if 1 had 
 iiat ben, ye had ben taken by the people and deposed with great confusyon, and slayne, 
 by reasone of your yuell workes. Kynge Rycharde herde well all the dukes wordes, 
 and wyst nat what to saye agaynst it, for he sawe well that force nor argumentes coulde 
 nat aueyle him, but rather mekenesse and humilyte : wherfore he humbled hym, and 
 prayed the duke to saue his lyfe. 
 
 Whan the duke of Lancastre had ben at the towre two houres with kynge Rycharde, 
 and had shewed hym parte of his fautes, than he retourned. And the next day he sent 
 forthe mo comaundements into all parties of the realme, to cause noble men and other 
 to come to London: his vncle the duke of Yorke came to London, and the erle of Rut- 
 lande his sonne, the erle of Northumberlande, and the lorde Thomas Percy his brother; 
 the duke of Lancastre made them good chere : thyder came also great nombre of pre- 
 lates and abbottes. And on a day the duke of Lancastre acompanyed with lordes, dukes^ 
 prelates, erles, barones, and knyghtes, and of the notablest men of London, and of 
 other good townes, rode to the Towre, and there alyghted. Than kynge Rycharde 
 was brought into the hall, aparelled lyke a kynge in his robes of estate, his septer in his 
 hande, and his crowne on his heed: than he stode vp alone, nat holden nor stayed by 
 sio man, and sayde aloude : I haue been kynge of Englande, duke of Acquytany, and 
 
 lorde 
 
 ' The meaning of this passage is, " notwitlistanding she had been the mother of two children by Sir Thomas 
 Holland, which he (King Edward 3d) had stood godfather to." 
 
752 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 lorde of Irelande, aboute xxli. yeres, whiche sygnory, royalte, cepter, crowne, and 
 herytage, I clerely resygne here to my cosyn Henry of Lancastre : and I desyre hym 
 here in this open presence, inentrynge of thesame possessyon, to take this septour: and 
 so delyuered it to the duke, who toke it. Than kynge Rycharde toke the crowne fro 
 his heed with bothe his handes, and set it before hym, andsayd: Fayre cosyn, Henry 
 duke of Lancastre, I gyue and delyuer you this crowne, wherwith I was crowned kyn<r 
 of Englande, and therwith all the right therto dependyng. The duke of Lancastre 
 tooke it, and the archebysshop of Caunterbury toke it out of the dukes handes. This 
 resygnacion thus done, the duke of Lancastre called a notary, and demaunded to haue 
 letters and wytnesse of all the prelates and lordes there beynge present. Than Rycharde 
 of Burdeaux retourned agayne into the chambre fro whence he came. Than the duke 
 of Lancastre and all other lept on their horses, and the crowne and ceptour were put in 
 a cofer, and conueyed to the abbey of Westmynster, and there kept in the treasory. 
 And euery man wente to their lodgynges, and abode tyll the day of parliament and 
 counsayle shulde be at the palays of Westmynster. 
 
 Of the coronacyon of kyng Henry duke of Lancastre, by the consent of the realme, 
 
 and the maner of the feest. 
 
 CAP. CCXLV.' 
 
 IN the yere of our lorde god a thousande, thre hundred, fourscore and nynetene, 
 the last daye of septembre, on a tuysday,'' began a parlyament at Westmynster, holden 
 by Henry duke of Lancastre, at whiche tyme there was assembled prelates and clergy 
 of the realme of Englande a great nombre, and also dukes, erles, and barones, and of 
 euery towne a certayne. Thus the people assembled at Westmynster, there beynge 
 presente the duke of Lancastre ; and there the same duke chalenged the realme of Eng- 
 lande, and desyred to be kynge by thre reasones : Fyrst, by conquest ; secondly, by- 
 cause he was heyre ; and thyrdly, bycause Rycharde of Burdeaux had resygned the 
 realme into his handes by his free wyll, in the presence of certayne dukes, erles, pre- 
 lates, and barones, in the hall within the towre of London. These thre causes shewed, 
 the duke of Lancastre requyred all the people there present, as well one as other, to 
 shewe their myndes and ententes in that behalfe. Than all the people with one voyce 
 sayd, that their wylles was to haue him kynge, and howe they wolde haue none other 
 but hym. Than the duke agayne sayd to the people : Sirs, is this your myndes ? And 
 they all with one voyce sayde : ye, ye. And than the duke sate downe in the syege 
 royall, whiche seate was reysed vp in the hall, and couered with a clothe of estate, so y 
 euery man myght well se hym sytte. And than the people lyfled vp their handes a 
 bygh, promysing hym their faythe and allegyaunce. Thanne the parlyament cocluded, 
 and the day was taken for his coronacyon on saynt Edwardes day, the monday the xiii. 
 day of Octobre : at whiche tyme, the Saturday before his coronacyon, he departed fro 
 Westmynster, and rode to the towre of London with a great nombre ; and that night all 
 suche squyers as shulde be made knyghtes the nexte day, watched, who were to the 
 nombre of xlvi ; euery squier had his owne bayne by himselfe : and the next day the 
 duke of Lancastre made theym all knyghtes at the masse tyme. Than had they longe 
 cotes with strayte sleues, furred w mynyuer lyke prelates, with whyte laces hangynge 
 
 on 
 
 * Chapter CCXLI. '■ Johnes calls it Wednesday, but the Lyons' edition and the Paris edition of 
 
 Galliot du Pre, 1530, agree with Lord Berners. , 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 753 
 
 on their shulders. And after dyner the duke departed fro the towre to Westmynster, 
 and rode all the way bareheeded, and aboute his necke the lyuery of Fraunce ; he was 
 acompanyed with f prince his sonne, and syxe dukes, syxe erles, and xviii. barons, 
 and in all, knys;htes and squyers a nyne hundred horse : than the kynge had on a shorte ^ 
 cote of clothe of golde, after the maner of Almayne," and he was mounted on a ^vhyte 
 courser, and the garter on his left legge. Thus the duke rode through London w-itti a 
 great nombre of lordes, euei-y lordes seruaunt in their maysters lyuerey. All the bur- 
 gesses and lombardes marchauntes in London, and euery craft with their lyuerey and 
 deuyse. Thus he was eonueyed to Westmynster. He v/ns in nombre a syxe thousade 
 horse, and the streates hanged as he passed by : and the same day and the next there 
 were in London rynnynge seuen cundyttes with wyne, whyte and reed. That nyght the 
 duke was bayned, and the next mornynge he was confessed, and herde thre masses as he 
 was acustomed to do, and than all the prelates and clergy came fro Westmynster churche 
 to the palays, to fetche the kynge with procession : and so he went to the churche a pro- 
 cession, and all the lordes with hym in their robes of scarlet, furred with menyuer, 
 barred of their shulders, acordynge to their degrees ; and ouer the kynge was borne a 
 clothe of estate of blewe, with four belles of golde, and it was borne by four burgesses 
 of the portes,'' as Doner, and other; and on euery syde of him he had a sword borne, 
 the one y sworde of the churche, and the other the sworde of iustyce ; the sworde of 
 the church his sonne the prince dyd beare, and the sworde of iustyce therle of Northum- 
 berlande dyd beare, for he was as than constable of Englande, for the erle of Rutlande 
 was deposed fro that ofTyce : and the erle of Westmerlande, who was marshall of Eng- 
 lande, bare the ceptour. Thus they entred into y churche about nyne of the clocke, 
 and in the myddes of the churche there was an hygh scaffolde all couered with reed, and 
 in the myddes therof there was a chayre Royall, couered with clothe of golde : than 
 the kyng satte downe in y chayre and so sate in estate royall, sauynge he had nat on the 
 crowne, but sate bareheeded. Than at four corners of the scaffolde, the archebysshop 
 of Caunterbury shewed vuto the people howe god had sent them a man to be their kyng, 
 and demaunded if they were content that he shulde be consecrated and crowned as their 
 kynge. And they all with one voyce sayd yea, and helde vp their handes, promysynge 
 him faythe and obeysaunce. Than the kynge rose and wente downe the scaffolde to the 
 hygh auter to be sacred, at whiche consecracyon there were two archbysshoppes, and 
 ten bysshops, and before the aulter ther he was dispoyled out of all his vestures of 
 estate, and ther^he was anoynted in vi. places, on the heed, on the brest, and on the 
 two shulders behynde, and on the handes: than a bonet was set on his heed, and whyle 
 he was anoyntynge, the clergy sange the latyny, and suche seruyce as they synge at the 
 halowing of the fonte. Than y kinge was aparelled lyke a prelate of the churche, with 
 a cope of reed sylke, and a payre of spuries, with a poynte without a rowell ; than the 
 sworde of iustyce was drawen out of the shetlie and halowed, and than it was taken to f 
 kyng, who dyd put it agayne into the sheth : than the archebysshop of Caunterbury dyd 
 gyrde y sworde about hym ; than saynt Edwardes crowne was brought forthe (whiche is 
 close aboue) and blessed, and tlian the archebysshop dyd sette it on the kynges heed. 
 After masse the kyng departed out of the churche in the same estate, and went to his 
 palays, and there was a fountayne that ranne by dyuers braunches whyte wyne and 
 reed ; than the kyng entred into the hall, and so into a priuy chamber, and after came 
 out agayne to dyner. At the fyrst table sate the kynge ; at the seconde y fyue peres of 
 the realme; at the thyrde the valyaunt men of London ; at the fourth the newe made 
 knightes; at the fyft the knyghtes and squiers of honour; and by the kyng stode the 
 prince holdynge the sworde of the churche, and on the other syde the Constable with 
 Vol. n. 5 D the 
 
 • Germany. ' The barons or burgesses of the cinque ports still enjoy the right of carrying the 
 
 canopy at a coronation. 
 
754 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 the sworde of iiistyce, and a lytell aboue the marshall with the ceptour, and at y kynges 
 burde sate tvvoarchbysshops, and xvii. bysshoppes ; and in the myddesof the dyner there 
 came in a knight, who was called Dinereth,' all armed vpon a good horse rychely 
 aparelled, and had a knyght before hym bearyng his speare, and his sworde by his syde 
 and his dagger. The knyght toke the kyng a lybell, the whiche was red; therin was 
 conteyned that if there were outher knight, squyer, or any other getylnian, that wolde 
 say that kyng Henry was nat rightfuU Uyng, he was there redy to fyght with him in that: 
 quarell, before the kynge, or where as it shulde please hym to apoynte: that byll was 
 cryed by an haraulde in syxe places of the hall, and in the towne. There was none that 
 Tvolde chalengehym. Whan the kynge haddyned he toke wyne and spyces in the hall, 
 and than went into his chambre. Than euery man departed and went to their lodginges. 
 Thus the day passed of kynge Henryes coronacyon with great ioy and feest, whiche en- 
 dured all the next day. The erle of Salysbury was nat at this solepnyte, for he was in 
 sure prison, and the kinges cousayle, and dyuers other noble men, and the londoners 
 wolde that his heed shulde haue Ijen stryken of openly in chepe : for they said he had 
 "»vell deserued it, for bearynge of letters and credece fro Rycharde of Burdeaux, to the 
 frenche kyng, and there to reporte openly that kynge Henry was a false traytoure, 
 whiche faute they sayd ought nat to be pardoned. Kyng Henry was more gentyll than 
 so, for he had some pytie on hym, for therle excused hym and sayd : that he dyd, was 
 by the kynges comaundement, and by the settyng on of the four knyghtes that were be- 
 heeded. Kinge Henry beleued well the erles wordes, but his coiisayle wolde nat beleue 
 it, but said, and so dyd y londoners, that he shulde dye, bycause he had deserued 
 deth. Thus the erle of Salysbury was in prison in great daunger of his lyfe. And syr 
 Johan Holande erle of Huntyngdon, capytayne of Calais, was well enfourmed of the 
 hole mater, and howe his brother kyng Rychard was taken and in prisone in the towre 
 of London, and had resygned his crowne and all, and howe Henry of Lancastre was 
 kinge of Englande. This erle of Huntyngdon, whatsoeuer dyspleasure he had for 
 the trouble of his brother, yet wysely he consydred the tyme and aduentures, and sawe 
 ■well y he was nat able to withstande all the power and puyssaunce of the realme : also 
 the countesse his wyfe, who was cosyn germayne to kynge Henry, sayd : Syr, it must 
 behoue you to passe your displeasuie pacyently and wysely, and do nat that thynge 
 Avherby ye shall haue domage : for the kyng may do you moche good: and ye se that all 
 the realme enclyneth to hym; if ye shewe any dyspleasure to hym warde, ye are but 
 lost; wherfore syr, I requyre you, and I cousayle you to dyssimule the matter, for as 
 well kynge Henry nowe is your brother, as kyng Richarde was : therfore syr, stycke 
 and leane to him, and ye shall fynde hym your good louer, for there was neuer a rycher 
 kynge in Englaude than he is ; he may do to you and to your chyldren great good. 
 The erle herde well the wordes of his wyfe and beleued her, andenclyned hym to kynge 
 Henry, and offred hym humble obeysaunce, and promysed hym faythe and trouthe. 
 The kyng receyued hym and had great ioy therof, and he dyd so moche with meanes of 
 his iredes, that the erle of Salysbury was taken to grace, and his excusacyons accepted, 
 and was clene pardoned. 
 
 * Dymoke, in which family and name the right of appearing, at a coronation, as champion still exists. 
 
 Hoiy 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 755 
 
 How newes of the taking of bjng Ri/charde was hiowen in Fraunce by the comyng 
 thyder of the ladi/ of Coucy, and horn the frcnche kynge was dyspleased. 
 
 CAP. CCXLVI.' 
 
 WHAN the lady of Coucy was aryued at Bouloyne, she hasted her to go to Parys. 
 Great murmuryno^e there was in Fraunce of the sodayne incidentes y were fallen in Eng- 
 1 ide- they knewe somwhat by marcharues of Bruges, but whan the hidy of Coucy aryued, 
 liian the trouth was knowen ; she went firste to herhusbandes house, as it was reason. 
 Anon the frenche kynge herde worde ho we the lady of Coucy was come to Parys ; than 
 the kyn-e sent for the lorde of Coucy, who had ben all nyght with his wyfe. Whan he 
 was confe the kynge demauded of the state of kynge Rycharde of Englande, and of the 
 quene his doucrhter. The lorde durst nat hyde the trouth fro hym, but shewed hym 
 playnely euery thynge, as his wyfe had shewed hym, whiche newes were sore dysplea- 
 saunt to the frenche kynge, for he knewe well theenglysshmen were sore and harde men 
 to apease ; and so with dvspleasure the frenche kynge retourned agayne mto his olde 
 sicklies of fransey, wherof'the nobles of ^ realme were sore displeased, but they coude 
 nat amende it. Than the duke of Burgoyn said, I thought neuer otherwyse : for it was 
 a maryacre without good reasone, the whiche I sayd playnly ynough whan the mater 
 was fyrst spoke of, but as than I coulde nat be herde : fori knewe well y londoners neuer 
 loued parfytely kynge Rycharde : all this myschefe is engendred by the duke of Glou- 
 cestre, it is tyme nowe to take hede what the englisshmen wyll do; sy the they haue taken 
 their kyng and put him in prison, by all lykelyhode they wyll put hym to dethe for 
 they neue" loued him, bycause he loued no warre, but peace ; they wyll crowne to their 
 kvnae the duke of Lancastre, he shall so bynde hymselfe to them, that whether he wyll 
 or n°at, he shall do all that they wyll ; and sayd moreouer, nowe shall be sene what 
 they of Burdeaux wyll do, for there he was borne, and was well beloued with them, 
 and also with them of Bayon, and of Dax, and in all the lymytes of Burdeloys ; it were 
 £ood that y constable of Frauce, sir Loys of Sanxere, were signyfyed of this mater and 
 that he drewe hym to y fronters there, and with him syr Raynolde of' Barroys, of Bar- 
 reys, and other barones and prelates, and to treate with them and my brother the duke 
 of Berrey, to eo into Poictou, and to drawe to the fronters of Xaintes, of Blaues, and ot 
 mirebell, wherby if they of Burdeaux wyll any thynge entende to our treaties, that they 
 may be receyued, for nowe shall we haue them or neuer. As he deuysed it was or- 
 deyned, the whiche was a substanciall deuyce ; for whan they of Burdeaux of Bayon 
 and of Dax, vnderstode that their kynge Rycharde was taken and sette in the towre ot 
 London, and Duke Henry of Lancastre crowned kyng, they had gret marueyle therot 
 and in the begynnyng wolde nat beleue it, but lytle and lytle Uiey knewe the trouth 
 therof. Than the sa?d thre townes were closed and no man suffred to issue out nor to 
 entre in : they were sore troubled and sorowfull, and specyally the cyt.e of Burdeaux, 
 for kynge Rycharde was norysshed amonge them, therfore they loued hym : and whyle 
 he was kynge, if any of Burdeloys came to hym they were well receyued, and ahvayes 
 nin-e was redy to fulfyll their desyres, wherfore they sayd whan they knewe the 
 trouth: Ah, Richarde, gentle kyng, ye were as noble a man as euer reigned in any 
 ' ° 5 D 2 realme : 
 
 ' rhapter CCXLII " The surname appears omitted here. D. Sauvage conjectures Sir 
 
 Reginald du Roye to be intended ; but Johnes calls him Sir Reginald d hspaigne. 
 
756 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 realme: this trouble y londoneis haue caused, for they coulde neuer loue you, specy- 
 ally sythe ye were alyed by maryage with the frenche kyng ; this myschiefe is so great 
 that we can nat suffre it: they haue holden you kynge this xxii.yere, and now to con- 
 detnpne you to the dethe, for sythe ye be in prison and haue crowned the duke of Lan- 
 castre, they wyll surely put you to deth. So they of Burdeloys made great lamenta- 
 cyons, in so moche that the seneschall of Burdeaux, a ryght valyaunt knyght of Eng- 
 lande, wrote letters, therin conteynynge the wordes and lamentacyons of them of the 
 cytie of BurdeauLx, of Bayon, and of Dax : also lie wrote howe they were nere at the 
 poynte to yelde vp their townes to the frenche kyng. He sent this lettre by a trusty 
 seruaut of his by the see, who had good wynde, and aryued at Cornewayle in Englade, 
 and than he rode so longe that he came to London ; there he foude kynge Henry, and 
 delyuered his letters, Avhich were dyrected to the kynge and to the londoners. They 
 were opened and reed, and the kynge and the londoners toke counsayle vpon that 
 mater. They of London aunswered lyke theym that were nothyng abasshed of that 
 tydynges, but sayde : as for these townes wyll neuer tourne frenche, for they can nat 
 lyue in their daunger, nor they canne nat suffre the extorcyon and pollinge of the 
 frenchmen : for vnder vs they lyue franke and free, and if the frenchemen shulde be 
 lordes oner them, they shulde be taxed and tayled, and retayled two or thre tymes in a 
 yere, the whiche they are nat nowe accustomed vnto, whiche shulde be a harde thyng 
 nowe for them to begynne ; also these thre cyties are closed in roude about with great 
 lordes, who are good englysshe, and longe haue been, as the lorde Pyuiers,' the lorde 
 Musydent, the lorde Duras, the lorde Landuras, the lorde Copane, the lorde Rosem, 
 the lorde Logeren,'' and dyuers other barones and knyghtes, by whome they shulde 
 haue warre at their handes, for they shuld nat issue out of their cities but they shulde 
 be taken. For all the seneschalles wrytynge, we haue no doute y they shulde become 
 frenche; howebeit, good it is to sende thyder some valyaunt wyse man that is beloued 
 amonge theym, some such as hath gouerned there or this, and that is the lorde Thomas 
 Percy. Thus as it was deuysed it was acomplysshed : he was desyred to go thyder, and to 
 take hede of that coutrey. He fulfylled the kynges comaundement, and made hym redy 
 to departe; it was about Christmasse, at whiche tyme the wyndesbe sore and ieoperdous; 
 he toke shyppynge in Cornewayle: he had with him two hundred men ofarmes and 
 four hundred archers, and with hym was his nephue Hugh Hastynges, Thomas Cole- 
 uyll, Gyllyain Lysle, Johan Graily, bastarde sonne to the Captall of Beufz,'' Guillyam 
 Traicton, Johan Danbreticourt, and diuers other, and also the bysshop of London, 
 and mayster Rycharde Doall.'' They taryed tyll it was mydde Marche or they toke 
 the see; and or they came to Burdeaux the duke of Burbon was come to the cytie of 
 Dagen, to treate with theym of Burdeloys ; and he dyd so moche by his fayre wordes 
 and good assuraunce, that the counsayles of Burdeaux, of Bayon, and of Dax, were sent 
 to the cytie of Dagen. The duke receyued them frendly, and gaue them fayre wordes 
 and many promyses, and shewed them that if they wolde turne frenche, and be under 
 the obeysaunce of the frenche kynge, whatsoeuer they wolde demaunde shulde be 
 graunted them, and sealed perpetually to endure. Many thynges they promysed and 
 sware to seale, and to kepe for euer. They aunswered: whan they were retourned 
 agayne into their cyties they wolde shewe all this to the people, and so take counsayle, 
 and than gyue answere. Thus they departed fro Dagen and fro the duke of Burbon, 
 and retourned to their townes, and shewed all this to the people ; but all tourned to 
 nothynge, for the comynaltyes of the sayde cyties consydred the busynesse, and knewe 
 ■well howe the realme of Fraunce was vexed and troubled with tayles and towages and 
 shamful exaccions, all to get money. Than they sayd: if the frenchemen gouerne 
 
 ouer 
 
 • De Pomiers. * De Langurant. f De Bucli. ? Rowhall. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 757 
 
 oner vs, they wyll bringe vs to the same vsage ; yet it is better for vs to be englysshe, 
 for they kepe vs fraiike and lice. If the londoners haue deposed kynge Rycharde and 
 crowned kimre Henry, what is that to vs ? we haue and shall haue alwayes a kynge, 
 and we vnderstande tiiat the bysshop of London and syr Thomas Percy sliortely wyll 
 be here; they shall enf'ourme vs oi' the trouthe ; we haue also more marcliaundyse of 
 woll, wyne, and clothe with the Englysshemen than with the frenchmen: let vs be ware 
 we make no treatie, wherby we shulde repent vs after. Thus the treatie with the 
 frenche veas broken and lefte of. Than anone after, the bysshop of London and y lorde 
 Percy, with their charge of men of warre, aryued at Biirdeaux, wherof moche people 
 were "^reatiy reioysed, and some displeased, suche as had rather haue been frenche than 
 englysshe. All these englysshe lordes were lodged togyther in the abbey of saint An- 
 drewe, and whan they sawe their tyme, they shewed to the people the state of Eng- 
 lande, and y cause why they were sent thyder : and they dyd so moche that euery 
 thynge was apeased both there and in all other places, for harde it was to haue caused 
 them to haue tourned frenche. 
 
 Than it was determyned by the counsayle of Fraunce, sithe the kyng was in syck- 
 nesse by reason of the displeasure that he toke for the deposyng of his sonne in lawe 
 kynge Rycharde, y they shulde sende some notable wyse personage into Englande to 
 knowe the state of the queue. To do this message^ was apoynted syr Charles de la 
 Brethe" and Charles of Hangers, who (as they were comaunded) departed fro Parys and 
 came to Boloygne and there taryed, for they had sent an haraulde to kynge Henry : for 
 without assurauce they durst nat go, for all the truce that was bytwene bothe realmes. 
 Kynge Henry, who thought hym^elfe moche bounde to the Frenche kynge, for the 
 chere that he hadde in Fraunce, toke counsayle and concluded, and so the haraulde was 
 answered, that it was the kynges pleasure that they and their company shulde come into 
 Englande, and to come the streyght way to the kyng, and nat to ryde out of the way 
 without lycence. The haraulde retourned to Boloyne, and shewed what he had done ; 
 wherwith they were content, and so shypped their horses, and toke the see and aryued 
 at Douer, where they founde redy a knyght of the kynges howse, who receyued theym: 
 they had sene hym before with kyng Henry in Fraunce, wherby they were soner 
 aquaynted: so they taryed at Douer tyil their horses were vnshypped, and than they 
 rode to Caunterbury : and wheresoeuer they bayted or lay, their hostes were payed : at 
 laste they came to Eltham, and there they founde kyng Henry and parte of his coun- 
 sayle. The Kinge made them good chere for the loue of the frenche kynge. Than 
 they shewed the kyng the cause of their comynge. The kynge aunswered and sayde : 
 Sirs, ye shal go to London, and there I wyll be within this foure dayes and assemble 
 my counsayle, and than ye shall haue aunswere of your demaunde. That daye they 
 dyned with the kynge, and after dyner they rode to London, and the sayde knyght of 
 the kynges styll with ihem, who sawe them well lodged. The kinge acordyng to his 
 promyse came to Westmynster, and these frenche knyghtes had knowlege of the kynges 
 comynge thyder, and made them redy to go whan they shulde be sent for. The kynge 
 had his counsayle with hym, and than it was deuysed what answere they shulde haue: 
 than they were sent for, and than it was shewed them, that where as they desyred to se 
 the queue, their desyre shulde nat be denyed, so that they wolde swere and promesse 
 that nouther they nor nonne of their menne shulde speke any worde of that was fallen 
 vpon king Rycharde; for it was said to them, that if they dyd, they shulde rynne in 
 great dyspleasure of the people, and be in great parell of their lines. The two knightes 
 sayd they wolde in no wyse breake the ordre that they had sette, but obey their co- 
 
 maundement: 
 
 • D'Albret. 
 
75S THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 iTiaundement : they sayd, whan they had ones sene and spoken with her, than they 
 wolde retouine and departe. Anon after, the erie of Northumberlande brought theym'; 
 to Haueringe of the bowre to the yonge quene, who was there as than, and with her the 
 duches of Irelande, doughter to the lorde Coucy, and y duchesse .of Gloucestre with 
 her doughters, and other ladyes and daraoselles. The quene receyued them swetely,/ 
 and demanded of them howe the frenche kinge her father dyd and the quene heri 
 mother. They sayde, well, and so comuned with her a gret season. They kepte well 
 their promesse, for they spake no worde of kynge Rycharde: than they tooke ieaue of 
 the quene and retourned to London : than shortely after they wente to Eltham to the 
 kynge, and there dyned ; and y kyng gaue them fayre presences and iowelles, and ryght 
 amyably they toke their Ieaue of the kynge, who sayd to them : Syrs, ye may say whan 
 ye come into Fraunce, y the quene of Englande shall h.iue no hurte nor trouble, but 
 shall alwaies kepe her estate as to her belongeth, and shall enioy all her right, for as 
 yet she shall nat knowe the mutacyons of the worlde. Of these wordes spoken of the 
 kynges mouth the two knyghtes Avere well content, and so departed and lay at Dert- 
 forde, and the next day at Osprynge, and so to Caunterbury, and than to Doner: and 
 all their costes and charges commynge and goynge the kynges oflTycers payed. Than 
 they tooke the see, and aryued at Boloyne and so to Parys, and there founde the kyng 
 and the quene, and shewed them all that they had sene and herde. 
 Nowe let vs somwhat speake of Englande. 
 
 Howe cerlayne lordes in Englande rose vp with an army lo haue deli/uered kyng Rycharde, 
 and to haue dy strayed kyng Henry ; and howe they were slayne. 
 
 CAP. CCXLVII." 
 
 DIVERS questyons and argumetes were made in Englande amonge noble men and 
 counsayls of the good townes, y Richarde of Burdeaux was deed and slayne, wherfore 
 men spake no more of hym, for well he had deserued it. To these poyntes kyng 
 Henry answered and sayd : Nay, quod he, I haue pytie of hisdethe; I wyll neuer 
 consent therto: to kepe hym in prisone is suffycient: I haue warrated his lyfe, and I 
 wyll kepe my promyse. Suche as wolde haue had hym deed sayd: Sir, we se well ye 
 haue pytie on hym, but ye do for yourselfe a perylous thyng ; for as long as he is alyue, 
 though he haue willyngly resigned to you the crowne of Englande, and that euery man 
 hath receyued you as kyng, and haue made to you faylhe and homage, yet it can nat 
 be but that there be in the realme some that loued hym, and as yet do, who wolde 
 lightly ryse agaist you, if they might se any lykelyhode of his delyueraunce ; also the 
 Frenche kynge is sore displeased for his trouble ; he wolde soone be reuenged yf he 
 myght, and he is of great puyssaunce, with suche ayde as he maye fynde in Englande. 
 The kynge aunswered and sayde : As longe as I se nat the contrary, or that the Frenche 
 Icyng wyll take no parte agaynst me, I wyll kepe my promyse. This aunswere that the 
 l<ynge made had nere hande haue ben to his owne distructyon. The erle ol Huntyng- 
 ton, sir Johan of Hollande, brother to kyng Richarde, who hadde to wyfe kynge 
 Henryes suster, could nat forgette the aduenture of his brother ; no more coude the 
 erle of Salisbury : and they had at Oxenforde secrete counsayle toguyder, and they de- 
 
 uysecl 
 
 ' Chapter CCXLIII. 
 
THE GRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 759 
 
 xsysed how they might delyuer kynge Richarde out of the towre and distroye kyng 
 Henry, and bring a trouble agayne into the realme. They deuysed to make a iustes of 
 twentie knyghtes and twentie squyers to be holden at Oxenforde, and howe they wolde 
 desyre the kyng to be there priuely : and whyle he shulde be syttynge at the table to 
 slee hym : for they had deuysed to haue hadde men ynowe to haue perfourmed their en- 
 tentes; and they had redy a preest called Maladyn/ who was a syngar in kynge Ry- 
 chardes chapell, to haue putte hym in the kynges appareyle, for he was lyke kynge 
 Rycharde in fauoure ; and than they wolde haue made the people to haue beleued that 
 kynge Richarde hadde been delyuered, and returned into his fyrst state, and thaiie to 
 haue sente worde of their dede to the Frenche kynge, that he shulde incontynent haue 
 sente into Englande some socoure to them by the erie of saynt Poule or by some other. 
 As they had deuysed so they dyde begynne: they caused a feest at Oxenforde to be 
 proclaymed of twentie knyghtes and twentie squyers, well accopanyed with ladyes and 
 damoselles ; they hadde also on their partie the yonge erle of Kente, nephue to sir 
 Johan HoUande, and also another great lorde, the lorde Spensar : and they beleued to 
 haue hadde on their partie the erle Johan of Rutlande, because kynge Henry had put 
 hym out of the offyce of the Costableshyppe of Englande ; but he fayled theym, for 
 some sayde, by hym they were bewrayed. This feest prouyded for, than the erle of 
 Huntyngton came to Wyndsore, where the kynge was, and humbly made his reuerence, 
 as he that thought to haue disceyued the kynge with swete wordes, and to haue gote 
 hym to haue come to this feest : the whiche to do he desyred the kvna effectuouslv, and 
 the kyng, who thought none yuell, graunted hym so to do; wherof the erle was ryght 
 ioyouse, and departed fro the kynge and toke his leaue, and sayde to the Chanon Rob- 
 sarde: Sir, appareyle you to come to our feest ; I promyse the, if I mete the there ia 
 the felde, I sliall liyue the a fayre encountre with my speare. Than sir Johan Robsarde 
 sayd : Sir, if the kyng come to your feest, ye shall nat fayle to fynde me there. Than 
 the erle strake his liande in his, and thanked hym, and so passed forthe. Dyuers 
 knightes and squyers prepared theselfes to be at that feest: all the armorers in London 
 were sette a worke to trymme men in their harnesse for the iustes. Suche as were of 
 the kynges counsayle sayde to hym: Sir, ye haue nothynge to do there; ye shall nat 
 come there by our aduyse: we haue herde certayne wordes in murmuryng, the which 
 are nat very pleasaunt nor agreable: we shall knowe more shortely. The kynge be- 
 leued their counsaile, and so came nat at that feest, nor none of his knyghtes, nor but 
 fewe came thyther of suche as they wolde haue slayne. 
 
 Whan the erle of Salisbury, the erle of Hutyngton, and the erle of Kente, and the 
 lorde Spensar sawe that they hadde fayled of their entente, and that they coude nat haue 
 the kyng as they wolde, than they counsayled toguyder and sayde: Lette vs go to 
 Wynsore and styrre vp the countre, and we shall putte Madalyn^ in estate royall, and 
 ryde with hym, and make the people beleue that it is kynge Rycharde, who is dely- 
 uered out of prisone : all suche as sliall se hym wyll beleue it, and all suche as here 
 therof, and thus we shall distroy our ennemyes. As they deuysed so they dyde, and 
 assembled togyder, so that they were a fyue hundred men one and other : and they dyd 
 putte this Madalyn" in appareyle royall, and made hym to ryde with theym, and so 
 rode towardes Wyndsore, where kynge Henry was. Godde dyde ayde kynge Henry, 
 for tidynges came to hym howe the sayd lordes were comynge with a great nombre to 
 Wynsore to slee hym, and howe they were men ynowe to wynne the castell, and howe 
 they had made Madalyn^ in vesture lyke a kyng to ryde with the, and made the people 
 beleue that kynge Rycharde was delyuered : and moche people beleueth it, and some 
 
 saye 
 
 f Magdalen. 
 
760 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 saye they haue sene him, and beleue verily that it is he ; wherfore, sir, gette you hens 
 incontynent and ryde to Lodon, for they are comyn2;e strey2;ht hyder. 
 
 The kynge beleued their counsayle, and so he and all Ins men lepte on their horses 
 
 and departed fro Wyndsore and rode towardes London : and the kynge was nat farre 
 
 gone but that these lordes came to Wyndsore, and entred in at the gates of the castell, 
 
 for there was none to saye theym naye : thanne they wente sertchynge fro chambre to 
 
 chambre, and in the Chanons houses, wenyng to fynde the kynge, but they fayled. 
 
 Whanne they savve it wolde nat be, they were right sore displeased, and than departed 
 
 fro Wynsore, and lay that nyght at Colebroke ; and they made moche people to go 
 
 with them, what by force and by treatie, sayeng, howe kynge Rycharde was in their 
 
 company: some beleued it and some nat. Kyng Henry, who douted of trayson, hasted 
 
 hym in his iourney, and cae to the towre of London by a secrete waye ; than he went to 
 
 Richarde of Burdeux, and sayd: I haue saued your lyfe w moche payne, and nowe ye 
 
 wolde murder me by your brother and other, but this enterprice shall be yuell for you. 
 
 Richarde of Burdeaux excused hym greatly, and sayd: As God myght helpe hym and 
 
 saue his soule, he knewe nothynge therof, nor he wolde neuer desire other estate than 
 
 he was in. Thus the mater stode. Tha kyng Henry sent for the mayre of London, 
 
 and fo^ other of his speciall frendes, and than he shewed them all the mater as it was. 
 
 The lodoners had great marueyle therof, and said: Sir, ye must sende for your men 
 
 and go agaynst them betymes, or they multiply any further: we haue made you kynge, 
 
 and so ye shall contynue, whosoeuer haue enuy therat. Tha letters were written in 
 
 hast, and messangers sent forthe into all partes: the kyng wrote to his constable, the 
 
 erle of Northumberlade, and to his marshal), the erle of Westmerlade, and to all other 
 
 knyghtes and squyers into Essexe, and into other places where as he thought to 
 
 haue ayde of men: suche as herde therof cae to the kyng as fast as they might. 
 
 Than the eries of Huntyngton and of Salisbury, and other of their affynyte, toke 
 cousayle and aduyse to drawe towardes London : for they sayde it coude nat be none 
 otherwyse but that some of the Londoners loued kynge Rycharde, and all such, they 
 said, wolde coe to take their parte. Than they departed fro Colbrooke, and went and 
 lodged at Braynforde, a seuyn myle fro London ; but there was neuer a lodoner that 
 came to them, but drewe all into their cytie. Whan these lordes sawe that, the nexte 
 mornynge they tooke the way to saynt Albons, and there lodged, and taryed there a 
 day; and fro thens they went to Barcamstede: thus they went about the countre, and 
 styll made to be reported that this Madalyn'' was kyng Richarde, and so came to a good 
 towne called Suscettour,*" where there was a baylye sette there by kynge Henry, who 
 had the kepyng of the towne and the countrey thereabout. Whan these lordes were 
 come to Suscettour,'' they lodged there one nyght in reste and peace, for the bayly was 
 nat strog ynough to fyght with the, therfore he dissymuled as well as he myght: and 
 the nexte mornynge the erle of Salisbury and the lorde Spensar departed fro the erle of 
 Huntyngton and fro the erle of Kent, and sayd howe they wolde ride further to get and 
 to turne mo men to their opinyon, and to go and se the lorde Bercley, and to ryde 
 along by the ryuer of Syuerne. They were yuell counsayled whan they departed one 
 fro another, for they were so moche the weaker. The erle of Huntyngton began to 
 treate with the bayly and with the men of Suscettour,'' and shewed them howe kynge 
 Richarde was delyuered, and howe that the lodoners had delyuered hym, and that he 
 shulde be there within two dayes after. The bayly (who had assembled a good nombre 
 of them of the countrey) sayde: that the contrarye was trewe, and howe that he had 
 such tidynges fro kyng Henry and fro the londouers, that he wolde execute their 
 
 comaundement 
 
 t Magdalen. '' Cirencester. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 76l 
 
 comaundement. Whan therle of Hutyngton Iierde those wordes he chaunged colour, 
 and sawe well he was disceyued: than he entred into his lodging and armed hym, and 
 caused his me to do the same, and thought to coquere those villayns by batayle, and to 
 sette the towne a lyre, therby to abasshe the people. The baylye of the towne on the 
 other parte hasted hym, and assembled all his men in a certayne place, and he was with 
 archers and other a two thousande men, and the lordes had nat past a thre hundred men ; 
 howebeit, they came oute of their lodgynges and began the batayle, and archers shotte 
 on both partes, so that many were hurte. Than the bayly with his great nombre came 
 vpon them without sparynge, for he had speciall comaundement fro kynge Henry, that 
 he shulde outher take the quicke or deed, if he myght ouercome them : so finally the 
 Erles menne were fayne to withdrawe into the houses ; than the bayly and his men en- 
 uyroned their lodgynges on all partes, and specially where the two Erles were, and 
 made there suche assautes that they entred perforce : there were many hurte and slayne: 
 therle of Hutyngton defended hymselfe valyauntly as longe as he myght ; but there 
 were so many agaynst hym, that there he was slayne, and with hym the yonge erle of 
 Kente, for whom great sorowe was made in dyuers partes of Englande: for he was a 
 fayre yonge man, and was there in maner agaynst his wyll, but his vncle and the erle 
 of Salisbury brought hym tlierto. The men of Suscettour," who were fierse agaynst 
 the, strake of their heedes, and sent them by a messanger to the mayre of London, 
 therwith to reioyce the kyng and the londoners. Therle of Salisbury and the lorde 
 Spensar came to a lyke conclusyon, for certayne knightes and squiers of the kynges 
 toke them where they were, and strake of their heedes and sente them to London; and 
 many such as were with them alyed were putte to execucion, bothe knyghtes and 
 squyers. After that the reahna was in good rest and peace. 
 
 Howe the frcnche kyng reysed vp an army to sende vpon the /routers of Englande. 
 
 CAP. CCXLVin." 
 
 WHAN easter was come, the yere of our lorde god M. four hundred, the freche 
 kyng, his brother, his vncles, and his counsaile vnderstode howe certayne Englyssh- 
 men of armes and archers shulde passe the see and come to Calais and to Guynes, to 
 Hames, and to those fronters: than there was a comaundement made throughe Fraunce, 
 that euery knight and squyer shulde be redy to ieape a horsbacke, and to go thider 
 as they shulde be sente ; specially Bolonois and the see syde was well prouyded 
 for. 
 
 The same tyme Johan of Brelayne died, and behynde he lefte twosonnes and a dough- 
 ter: the eldest sone shulde haue maried the frenche kynges secode doughter, for he 
 might nat haue theldest, bycause she was maryed into Englande to kynge Richarde. 
 This treatie of maryage fyrst for the eldest doughter of Fraunce with the heyre of Bre- 
 tayne was cocluded at Tourse in Tourayn, but afterwarde by the kinges cosent and his 
 cousaile, and to thenteiit to marry her the more richely, that mariage was broken with 
 Bretayne, and she maried into Englande: and dyuers lordes in Fraunce said and feared 
 that no good shulde come theroV; but than they concluded for y secode doughter. 
 Than after the dethe of the duke of Bretaine, it was aduised that y duke of Orlyauce, 
 with a certayne nobre of men of warre, shulde drawe to y marches of Bretayne to speke 
 with y bretons, and \V the cousaylours of good townes, to know what they wolde do 
 
 V6l.il 5E with 
 
 ' Cirencester. t Chapter CCXLIV. 
 
7Ci? THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 with their heyre, and to desyre the to delyuer him to be kept in the house of Frai^ice. 
 The duke of Oilyauce dyde acoiding to this deuyse, and with a certayne nobre came 
 to Poulhorson and there rested, and sente vvorde of his comyng to the lordes of Bre- 
 taio-ne. Than prelates, lordes, and cousaylours of liie good townes, in y name of the 
 thre estates of the countre assembled togider, and were determyned what aunswere to 
 make, and so they came to Pounthorson to the Duke of Orlyaunce, and there they^ made 
 their answere all after one sorte, and that was: They said, howe that their yonge lorde 
 and heyre of Bretayne, they wolde kepe hym theselfes in his owne countre. Than the 
 duke of Orlyai^ice, seyng it wolde none otherwise be, he toke bodes of the grettest lordes 
 in Bretayne, suche as had chefe charge of the countre, that they shulde delyuer hym to 
 the freche kyng whan the childe shulde come to his age. These writynges made and 
 sealed, than the duke dep.uted and returned into Fraunce, and shewed the kyng his 
 brother howe he had spedtle. 
 
 It was well knowen in Englande howe the Frenche kyng hadde furnysshed his gary- 
 sons, cyties, good townes, and castels, on the fronters of Picardy and Bolonois, and howe 
 the frenchmen had closed so the passage oner y water of Some, that no marchandyse, 
 corne, nor other thyng shulde nat passe Abuyle, nor y marchautes of Englade, wh» 
 ■were wont to go into Frace with their marchaudise, durst no more coe there, nor the 
 frenche marchautes durste nat come into Englande ; so that the fronters on bothe par- 
 ties were ingret ruyne and desolacion, and yet they made no warre togyder, for they 
 had no comaiidement so to do. Than it was said to kyng Hery : sir, aduyse you well ; 
 it semeth by the Frenchmen they wyll make you warre ; they make great prouisyon for 
 shyppes at Harflewe, and capitayns of their armye is, the erle of saynt Poule and sir 
 Charles de la Breth ;" and it were to suppose, that if the erles of Huntyngton and 
 of Salysbury were alyue, and all suche as be dedde, the Frenchmen than wolde soone 
 passe ouer the see, on trust to haue great alyaunce and ayde in Englande ; but, sir, 
 as longe as Richarde of Burdeaux is alyue, you nor your realme shal be at no suretie. 
 I beleue that ye saye is trewe, quod the kyng; but as for me, I wyll nat cause hym to 
 be slavnc, for I haue so promysed hym, and I wyll kepe my promyse, without I par- 
 ceyue that he worke trayson agaynst me. Well, sir, quod they of his counsaile, it 
 were better for you that he were deed rather than alyue ; for as longe as the frenchemen 
 knowe that he is lyueng, they wyll enforce them to make you warre, and wyll hope 
 alwayes to bring him agayne into his former estate, bycause of his wyfe the Frenche 
 kynges doughter. The kyng gaue none aunswere, but departed fro them, as thaUj. 
 and lefte his counsayle communyng togyder, and the kynge wente and toke a faucon 
 on his hande, and passed ouer that mater» 
 
 Of ihe (let he of ki/ng Ri/charde of Englande ; and lioiue ihe trnse bylwene England 
 and Fraunce was renewed; and also of ike deposicion of pope Benedic at Auignon. 
 
 CAP. CCXLIX.'' 
 
 IT was nat longe after that true tidynges ran thorough London, howe Richarde of 
 Burdeaulx was deed ; but howe he dyed, and by what meanes I coulde nat tell whan I 
 wrote this cronycle : but this kynge Rycharde deed was layde in a lytler and sette in a 
 chayre, couered with blacke Baudkynne, and foure horses all blacke in the chayre, and 
 two men in blacke leadyng the chayre, and four knyghtes all in black folowyng. Thus 
 
 the 
 
 ! D'Albret. » Chapter CCXLV. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 763 
 
 the chare departed fro the towre of London, and was brought along throughe London 
 fayre and softely tyll they came into chepesyde, where as the chefe assembly of London 
 was, and there the chare rested the space of two houres. Tliyder came in and out mo 
 than XX. M. persons, men and women, to se hym where as he layc, his hedde on a blacke 
 quisshen and his visage open. Some had on hym pytie and some none, but sayd he 
 had long ago deserued detlie. Now consider well ye great lordes, kynges, dukes, erles, 
 barons, and prelates, and all men of great lynage and puissaunce; se and bcholde howe 
 the fortunes of this worlde are marueylous, and turne diuersly. This kyng Richarde 
 reigned kynge of Englande xxii. yere in great prosperite, holdyng great estate and sig- 
 norie : there was neuer before any kyng of Englande that spente so inoche in his house 
 as he dyd, by a C M. florens euery yere: fori sir John Froissart, chauon and treasourer 
 of Chinay, knewe it well, for I was in his court more than a quarter of a yere togider, 
 and he made me good chere, bycause that in my youthe I was clerke and seruaunt to the 
 noble kynge Edwarde the thirde his grauntfather, and with my lady Philyp of Hey- 
 nauU, quene of Englande, his grandame ; and whan I departed fro hym it was at Wyn- 
 sore, and at my departynge the kyng sent me by a knight of his, called sir John Golofer, 
 a o-oblet of syluer and gylte, weyeng two marke of siluer, and within it a C. nobles, by 
 the which I am as yet the better, and shal be as long as I lyue ; wherfore I am bounde to 
 praye to God for his soule, and with moche sorowe I write of his dethe ; but because I 
 haue contynued this historie, therfore I write therof to folowe it. In my tyme I haue 
 sene two things ; though they differ, yet they be true. I was in the cytie of Burdeaux, 
 and sytting at the table whan kyng Richarde was borne, the whiche was on a tuisday' 
 about x. of the clocke. The same tyme there came there as I was, sir Richarde Pount- 
 chardon,marshall as than of Acquytayne, and he said to me: Froissart, write and put in 
 memorie that as nowe my lady princesse is brought abeed with a fayre son on this 
 twelfe daye, that is the day of the thre kynges, and he is son to a kynges son, and shall 
 be a kyng. This gentyll knight said trouthe, for he was kynge of Englande xxii. yere : 
 but whan this knyght sayd these wordes, he knewe full lytell what shulde be his conclu- 
 syon. Aud the same tyme that kynge Richarde was borne, his father the prince was in 
 Calyce,'' the whiche kyng Dompeter" had gyuen hym, and he was there to conquere the 
 realme. Upon these thyngs I haue greatlye imagined sythe, for the fyrst yere that I 
 came into Englande into the seruyce of quene Philyppe, kynge Edwarde and the 
 quene and all their chyldren were as than at Barcamstede, a maner of the prince of 
 Wales beyonde London. The kynge and the quene were come thyder to take leaue of 
 their sone the prince and the princesse, who were goyng into Acquitayne ; and there I 
 herde an ancient knyght deuyse amonge the ladyes, and sayde: There is a booke which 
 is called le Brust,'^ and it deuyseth that the prince of Wales, eldest son to the king, nor 
 theduke of Glocestre, shuld neuer be kyng of Englande; but the realme and crowne 
 shuld returne to the house of Lancastre. There I Johan Froissart, auctour of this cro- 
 nycle, consydring all these thynges, I say these two knyghtes, sir Richarde Pountcar- 
 don and sir Bartylmewe of Bruels^ sayd both trouthe, for I sawe, and so dyde all the 
 worlde, Rycharde of Burdeaux xxii. yere kyng of Englande, and after the crowne re- 
 tourned to the house of Lancastre, and that was whan kyng Henry was kyng : the which 
 he had neuer b|n if Richarde of Burdeaux had dalte amyably with hym, for the Lon- 
 doners made hym kyng because they had pytie on hym and on his chyldren. 
 
 Thus whan kynge Richarde had layne two houres in the chare in Chepesyde, than 
 they draue the chayre forwarde : and whan the foure knyghtes that folowed the chare 
 afote were without London, they lept than on their horses, which were there redy for 
 
 5 E 2 them, 
 
 ' Wednesday. ^ Galicia. ' Don Pedro. "" See ante, note, folio 730, 
 
 ' Sir Barlliolomew Bumhersh ? 
 
764 THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 
 
 them, and so they rode tyll they came to a vylIao;e called Langley, a xxx. myle from 
 London, and there this kyng Richarde was buryed ; god haue mercy on his soule. 
 
 Tydinges spredde abrode howe kyng Richarde was deed ; he taryed"" euery daye for 
 it, for euery man myght well consydre that he sliulde neuer come outof prisone alyue. 
 His dethe was long kepte and hydde fro his wyfe. The frenche kynge and his coun- 
 sayle were well enformed of all this, and the knightes and squyers desyred nothyng 
 but the warre, and that they myght ryde vpon the fronters ; hovvebeit, the counsayls, as 
 well of the one realme as of the other, toke their aduyse, and thought it best to vpholde 
 styll the truse that was taken before ; they thought it more profitable than the warre : 
 and a new treatie was deuysed to be in the marches of Calais, bycause the frenche kyno- 
 was nat in good case, nor had nat been sythe he knewe of the trouble that kyng Richarde 
 was in ; and yet his sicknesse doubled whan he knewe that he was deed, so that the 
 duke of Burgoyne had the chefe rule of the realme ; and he came to saynt Omers and 
 to Burbourc, where the duke of Burbone was, and sir Charles de la Brest,'' and Charles 
 of Hangeers, and Johan of Castell Morant ; and of prelates, the patriarke of Jerusalem, 
 and the bysshoppes of Paris and of Beauoyes: and on the Englysshe partie there was 
 the erle of Northumberlande, the erle of Rutlande, the erle of Deuonshyre, and the 
 lorde Henry Percy, the erles sonne, and yuan of Fitzwaren ; and prelates, there were 
 the bysshoppes of Wynchester and of Ely. The frenchemen demaunded to haue agayne 
 delyuered the yong queue of Englande, but the Englysshemen vvolde in no vyyse de- 
 lyuer her, but sayd she shulde lyue styll in Englande vpon her dowrie ; and that 
 though she had lost her husbande, they wolde prouyde for her another, that shulde be 
 fayre, yong, and gentyll, with whom she shuld be belter pleased than with Richard of 
 Burdeaux, for he was olde, and this shuld be the prince of Wales, eldest sone to kyng 
 Henry. To this the Frenchmen wolde nat agre, for they wolde nat consent therto 
 without licence of the kyng her father, who as than was nat in good poynt, for he was 
 larre out of the way; no medysyn coude helpe hym : so that mater was layde aparte, 
 and the treatie of truse went forwarde in suche wyse, that by consent of both parties they 
 sware and were bounde to kepe the truse xxvi. yere more, to the four yeres that it hadi 
 endured, the whiche in all was xxx. yere, accordynge to the fyrst couenant: and vpon 
 this, writinges were made and sealed by procuracyons of bothe kyngs. This done euery 
 man returned to their own countreis. 
 
 I haue nat as yet shewed you what became of therle Marshall, by whom fyrst all 
 these trybulacyons began in the realme of Englande ; but nowe I shall shewe you. He 
 was at Venyce, and whan he knewe that kynge Henry was kynge, and kynge Rycharde 
 taken and deed, he toke therofso great displeysure and sorowe, that he layde hym 
 downe on his bedde and fell in a fransy, and so dyed. Suche mischeuousnesse fell in 
 those dayes vpon great lordes of Englande. 
 
 And in the yere of our lorde god a thousande four hundred, one lesse. Pope Benedic 
 at Auignon, who had ben susteyned long by the Frenchemen, was as than deposed ; and 
 in lykewyse so was the kynge of Almaygne," for his yuell dedes: for the electours of the 
 empyrc and all the dukes and barons of Almaygne" rose agaynst hym, *and sente hym 
 into Boesme,'' where as he was kyng; and they chose another, a valyaunt and a wyse 
 man to be kyng of Almayne,'' and he was one of the Bauyers,^ and was called Robert of 
 Heleberge ;* and he came to Coloygne, where he was crowned with the crowne of Al- 
 mayne,'' for they of Ayes wolde nat open their towne to hym, nor the Duke of Guerles^ 
 
 wolde 
 
 ! " Nothing else bad been expected for some time." '' D'Albret. ' Germany. * Bohemia, 
 
 ! Bavarians. ' Heidelberg. « Gueldres. 
 
THE CRONYCLE OF FROISSART. 765 
 
 wolde nat be vnder his obeysaunce. Tbis newe kyntre of Almaygne^ promysed to brino- 
 the churche to a vnyte and peace; howebeit, the Frenche kyn<re and his counsayle 
 treated with the legeoys, who helde with the Pope at Rhome: and they dyde so uioche 
 by the ineanes of sir Baudwyn of Mount Jardyne, who gouerned a <>;reat parte of the 
 bysshoprike of Liege, who was a knyght of the Frenche kynges ; so I'lat by his ineanes, 
 at the desyre of the frenche kyng, the coimtrcy of Liege tourned to become neuter; so 
 that the Legeois sente to Rome for all the clergy that were there of their countrcy to 
 come by a certayne day, or els to lese all their bencfyces in the countrey. Whan they 
 herde that, they returned fro Rome and came to Liege. And pope Bonyface, who lost 
 moche by that transmutacion, sente a legate into Almaygne" to preche amonge them, to 
 cause them to retourne agayne to his parte; but the legate durst nat passe Coloio^ne, 
 and sent letters to Liege : whanne those letters were reed, the messanger was aunswered, 
 that on payne of drownyng he shulde no more come on suche message; for they sayd, 
 as many messangers as cometh with any suche message shal be drowned in the ryiier of 
 Moeuze. 
 
 FINIS TOTIOUS FROISSART. 
 
 Germany. 
 
 Cijus entiett) tlje tl)irT>e mti faurtlje boHe of sir fofjn JTroissart, of tije cronpcles 
 of englantie, JTraimce, ^papr , portpngalf, g^cotlaiiUe, 93ittapgtie, JFlaunUers, 
 anti otlxr places atriapiipucje : CrauslateTi out of JTrenrlje into mateniall englpsslje, 
 bj) foijan ^Bourrijtcr fenpgbt. lorU ^cnitrs, Tieputie geiierall of tlje !ij)ngf5 tolone of 
 Calais anH inardjes of tljc samr, at tlje I)i)gl)e commauntifmmt of our nwost 
 reDouteti soufraj)ne lortiefepng rpcnrptbe eigljt, tipgof €nglaiiDe antr of JTraunce, 
 auTj bpglje tiefeuUer of ti)e rljristcn faptlje, (Jc. Cije \\)\)itl)t ttoo boUes be conipplrTi 
 into one \)Olume, anti fynpssbeH in tlje sayTi toVone of Calais tbe jr.Tiap of marcbe, in 
 tbe ):bt.prre of our saitr souerapne lorties raigne, 3Jmprinteti at lonlion in JTlete^ 
 strete, bp Eitbartie Ppnson, printer to tlje Upnges nioost noble grace, anti entieU 
 tl)e last Hap of august, ti)e pere of our lorUe goH JJfl.D.jcjcb. 
 
 Cum priuplegio a rege inUulto. 
 
Re-printed by J. M'CREERY, 
 
 Black-Horse-Court, Fleet-Street, London. 
 
 1812. 
 
INDEX. 
 
 The Roman numerals denote the ■volumes — thefgures denote the pages. 
 
 A BENTON (Boynton), Sir Robert, killed at the 
 storming of Berwyke by the Scots, i. 501. 
 
 Aberdeen, the bysshope of. See Dadudane. 
 
 Abreton (Abington), Sir Thomas, taken prisoner by 
 the Scots at the battle of Ottebourge (Otterbourue), 
 ii. 399. 
 
 Abuyle (Abbeville), tlie town of, taken by the French 
 under Sir Guy Chastellou, i. 308. 
 
 Achery on the Esne, the town of, in Picardy, taken 
 by the English under Sir Eustace Dambretycourt, 
 i. 248. 
 
 Acosta, the erle of. See Angouse. 
 
 Acquayre, St. the shrine of, at the Abbey of Saint 
 Waste in Arrasce (Arras), receives an offering of 
 a man of wax, representing Charles the si.xth, 
 king of France, ii. 578. 
 
 Acqueney, the castle of, taken by Sir John de la 
 Ryiier, i. 292. 
 
 Acquitayne, the county of, ceded to Edward the 
 third, king of England, i. '2(iQ. Given to John of 
 Gaunt, duke of Lancastre, by king Richard the 
 second and liis council, ii. 607- The gift re- 
 scinded, 6'24. 
 
 ■ the towns of, send ambassadours to king 
 
 Richard the second in England, to lemonstrate 
 against his gift of the duchy to the duke of Lan- 
 castre, ii. Gl3. Their remonstrance, 615. They 
 succeed in their object, 624. 
 
 Acteon, the story of, related by Froissart to a squyre 
 of the erle of Foyz, ii. 78. 
 
 Acunha, Lorenzo d'. See Coygne, Sir John Law- 
 rence of. 
 
 the Pouvasse d'. See Coygne the Ponasse 
 
 of. 
 
 Adventure of three German knights against a French 
 fqraging party of Mortayne, i. 78. 
 
 Afolege, Sir John of. See Fologe. 
 
 Agace, Gobin. See Grace, Gobyn a. 
 
 Agene, the city and castle of, in the county of Age- 
 noyse, ceded to Edward the third, king of England, 
 i. 156. 
 
 Aguyllon, the castle of, in Gascony, surrenders to 
 the erle of Derby, i. 131. Besieged by the duke 
 of Normandy, 142. The siege abandoned by 
 
 order of Philyp, king of France, 16I. Taken by 
 
 the French under the duke of Anion, 413. 
 Aigle, the castle of 1'. See Egle. 
 Albenes, Sir Syluegretye of, slain by the Portuguese 
 
 under Sir John Fcrrant Portelet, ii. 148. 
 Alenson, the erle of, slain at the battle of Cressy, 
 
 i. 158. 
 the erle of, goes to England as a hostage for 
 
 John, king of France, i. 264. 
 
 John, takes the town of Flauigny, i. 251. 
 
 Alexaundre, the town of, in Lombardy, besieged by 
 the erle of Armynake, ii. 528. The siege raised, 
 531. 
 
 Aljubarota, the town, and battle of. See Juberoth. 
 
 Almare (Anmarle), the erle of, slain at the battle of 
 Cressy, i. 158. 
 
 Almayne (Germany), the king of, attends a great as- 
 sembly at Rcynes (Rheims), with Charles the sixth, 
 king of France, to consult upon means for restoring 
 the peace of the church, ii. 709. Deposed, 764. 
 
 Alnoy (Aulnoy), the town of, in Poyctou, taken by 
 the erle of Derby, i. i63. 
 
 Aloys, the castle of, in Auuergne, taken by Amergot 
 Marcel, i. 546. 
 
 Alquest(Dalkeith), the castle of, taken by king Edward 
 the third, i. 38. 
 
 Alroy (Auray), the battle of, between the erle of 
 Mountfort and Sir Charles of Bloys, i. 299. 
 
 (Auray), the castle of, in Bretayne, taken by Sir 
 
 Charles of Bloys, i. 105. Taken by the erle of 
 Mountfort, 303. Surrenders to the French forces 
 in the interest of Sir Charles of Bloys, 488. 
 
 Alvarez, Don. See Dilguares. 
 
 Amand, St. the town of, taken by the erle of Hey- 
 nault, i. 81. 
 
 Ambreticourt, Sir Eustace, and Sir John. See Dam- 
 bretycourt. 
 
 Ambretycourt, in Heynault, burned by the duke of 
 Normandy, i. 68. 
 
 Amery, the town of, pillaged and burned by the king 
 of Nauer's forces, i. 227. 
 
 Ampostre (Amposta), the Cathelayn of, taken pri- 
 soner at the battle of Poycters, i. 199- Ran- 
 somed, 207- 
 
 Amurath, See Lamorabaquy, the great Turk, 
 
2 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Amyense, the city of, attempted to be taken by the 
 king of Nauer's forces, i. 225. Its suburbs pil- 
 laged and burned by them, 225. 
 
 Ancennis, SirWillyam d'. See Danccnnys. 
 
 Andrehen, the castle of, belonging to the erle of 
 Flaunders, pillaged and burned by the White- 
 hattes under John Lyon, i. 56.3. 
 
 Andrewes, St. the bysshope of, taken prisoner by the 
 English at the battle near Newcastell, i. l66. 
 
 Andwarpe (Oudenarde), the town of, besieged by the 
 men of Gaunt, i. 567. Taken and dismantled, 
 578. Besieged by Philyp Dartuell, 701. Taken 
 by Francis Atreman, 772. Retaken by stratagem 
 by the lorde Destornay, 790. 
 
 Anele, the great, king of Mecte (O'Neal, king of 
 Meath .'') in Ireland, submits himself to king Ri- 
 chard the second, ii. 620. Is knighted by him, 
 622. 
 
 Aufroy (Ansenoy), in Heynault, burned by the duke 
 of Normandy, i. 66. 
 
 Angers, Sir Aubert d'. See Dangyers. 
 
 Angles (Prignano), Bartylmevv, chosen pope by the 
 name of Urbane the sixth, i. 547. 
 
 Angolesme, the town of, taken by the erle of Derby, 
 i. 135. Retaken by the duke of Normandy, 142. 
 Ceded to king Edward the third, 256. Surren- 
 ders a second time to the French, 452. 
 
 Angouse (Acosta), the erle of, with twenty G allies, 
 sails through the Spanish fleet of one hundred sail 
 before Lisbon, captures four, and succours the 
 city, ii. 145. 
 
 Aniche, the town of. See Nyche. 
 
 Aniou and Mayn, the counties of, Edward the third, 
 king of England, renounces his right to them, i. 257. 
 
 . the Duke of, goes to England as an hostage for 
 
 John, king of France, i. 264. Returns to France, 
 277. Collects a force to make war on Edward, 
 prince of Wales, in Acquitayne, 369. Heads an 
 army agaynst Guyen, 413. Breaks up his ex- 
 pedition, 418. Causes the hostages from Duriuall 
 (Derval), to be beheaded, 472. Leads an army 
 into Hygh Gascone, 473. Takes the town of 
 Lourde, 473. Concludes a truce with the duke of 
 Lancastre, 474. Takes Monsac and several other 
 places in hygh Gascone, 475. Makes great pre- 
 paration to besiege Bergerath, 491. Takes Ber- 
 gerath, 495. Takes several other towns, Sec. in 
 hygh Gascone, 496 et seq. Returns to Tholouse, 
 500. Goes to Auygnon to dissuade pope Gregory 
 the eleventh from going to Rome, 509. Collects 
 another army against the English in Gascone, 
 517- Makes war on Bretayne, 544. Receives 
 the territories of tlie queen of Naples as a gift 
 from pope Clement, 551. Is not sent for, on 
 account of his covetousness, by his brother Charles 
 the tifth, king of France, when dying, 599. Seizes 
 the king'a jewels inmiediately on his death, 601. 
 Assumes the titles of king of Cycell, &c. 601. 
 Usurps the government of France as regent during 
 
 the minority of Charles the sixth, 601. Makes 
 preparations to march for Naples, 664. Sets out 
 for Italy, 670. Enters Naples, 671. The Nea- 
 politans refuse to acknowledge him, 791. Dies at 
 a castle near Naples, 79'. Takes Maluoysin, ii. 
 57-* Besieges the castle of Lourde; but being 
 unable to take it, he burns the town and retreats, 
 59 et seq. 
 
 Aniou, the duchess of, queen of Naples, advised on 
 tlie death of her husband, the duke of Aniou, to so- 
 licit the Pope for possession of Prouence, i. 791. 
 Urges her claims to that country, ii. 2. Makes 
 lier public entry into Parys in company with her 
 son Lewes, duke of Aniou, as king of Cycell, Sec. 
 370. Goes with him to Auygnon on a visit to 
 pope Clement, 437. Institutes a suit in the par- 
 liament of Parys against Sir Peter Craon, 636. 
 Obtains judgment against him, 643. 
 
 Lewes, duke of, son of the above, makes his 
 
 public entry into Parys as king of Cycell, See. 370. 
 Takes leave of his mother and the Pope at Auyg- 
 non, and goes to Aragon, 4?7. Marries the 
 daughter of the king of Aragon, 437- Embarks 
 with his queen for Naples, 438. Sends provisions 
 to the French army, under the duke of Bourbon, 
 at the siege of Anfryke, 506. 
 
 Anne, the lady, of Behayne (Bohemia), sets out for 
 England, i. 668. Married to king Richard the 
 second, 669. Dies without issue, ii. 607. 
 
 Anxell, the erle of. See Tello, Don. 
 
 Aragon. -See Peter, king of. 
 
 Archat, the fortress of, stoi-med by the French, under 
 the duke of Burbon, and razed, ii. 5. 
 
 Archeake, taken by the duke of Burbon, ii. 20. 
 
 Arde (Ardres), the town of, in Picardy, attacked in- 
 elfectually by the French forces, i. 377. Surren- 
 ders to the duke of Burgoyne, 486. 
 
 Ardenbourge, the town of, taken by the men of 
 Gaunt, under Francis Atreman, 750. Narrowly 
 escapes being taken by them a second time, ii. Q. 
 
 Arduyche, the castle of, in Picardy, taken by the 
 duke of Burgoyne, i. 486. 
 
 Armayle, the castle of, taken by Espaignollet, ii. 114. 
 Ransomed by the lorde of Armayle, 114. Re- 
 taken by Espaignollet, 1 1 4. 
 
 the lord of, having paid a ransom for his 
 
 castle to Espaignollet, is afterwards taken prisoner 
 in it by him, when he re-enters it by night through 
 a subterraneous passage, ii. 1 14. Ransomed, 1 14. 
 
 Armony (Armenia), the kingdom of, conquered by 
 the Turks, ii. )22. See o/so Lyon, king of Armony. 
 
 Arms of France, motives which induced Edward the 
 third, king of England, to assume them, i. 58. 
 
 Armynake, the erle of, his homage for certain lands 
 in France transferred to Edward the third, king 
 of England, i. 256. Complains to Charles the 
 fifth, king of France, of the Fowage, a tax about 
 to be imposed by the prince of Wales upon himself 
 and other lords in Gascone, 351. 
 
 From tUe raapner in wUicli Froissait oblainctl, and compiled, the materials for his Cionycle, Uis facts are sometimes related 
 
 out of chronolofrisal order. 
 
INDEX. 
 
 Armynake, the erie of, obtains, by the intercession 
 of the princess of Wales, the remission of sixty 
 thousand francs of his ransom of the erle of 
 Foiz, ii. 49. Endeavours to prevail on the com- 
 panions to sell their fortresses, 314. Is thwart- 
 ed in the attempt by the erle of Foiz, 31 6. 
 Leads an army into Lombardy against the duke 
 of Myllayne, 524. Visits pope Clement at Auyg- 
 non, 525. Applies to Sir John Hacton (Hawk- 
 wood) for his assistance, 527. Besieges Alex- 
 aundre, 528. Suddenly loses the use of his limbs, 
 is taken prisoner, and dies, 530. Buried at Ro- 
 days, 531. 
 
 Sir Bernard of, does homage to the king 
 
 of France for his lands, ii. 559- 
 
 Artaveld, Jacob von. See Dartuell, Jaques. 
 
 . Philip von. See Dartuell, Philyp. 
 
 Artes, inHeynault, burned by the duke of Normandy, 
 i. 66. 
 
 Arthoys, Sir Charles of, taken prisoner at the battle 
 of Poycters, i. 202. 
 
 lord Philyp of, erle of Ewe, marries the lady 
 
 Mary of Berry, widow of the lord Loys of Bloys, 
 and is appointed Constable of France, ii. 594. 
 Goes with the expedition under John of Burgoyne 
 against the Turks, 639- Disobeys orders at the 
 battle of Nycopoly, 669. Taken prisoner there 
 by the Turks, 671- Dies at Loge (Haut-loge), in 
 Turkey, 696. 
 
 Sir Robert d', befriends Isabell, queen of 
 
 Edward the second, king of England, after she had 
 been commanded to quit France, i. 7. Is banish- 
 ed, and his countess and two sons imprisoned by 
 king Philyp, 36. Takes refuge in England, and 
 is created erle of Rychemount (Richmond), 37. 
 Encourages king Edward the third to make war 
 against France, 39-4 1 . Sent into Bretayne to aid 
 the countess of Mountfort against Sir Charles of 
 Bloys, 112. Engages Sir Loyes of Spayne at sea, 
 113. Lands in Bretayne, 114. Takes the town 
 of Vannes, 115. Is besieged in it, 115. Is se- 
 verely wounded, and goes to England for surgical 
 aid, 115. Dies of his wounds, 116. 
 
 Arthur, king, his round-table first established at 
 Wyndsore, i. 120. 
 
 ■ Mackemur (Mac Murrough), king of Lyn- 
 
 ster in Ireland, submits himself to king Richard the 
 second, ii. 620. Formerly defeated by the duke 
 of Clarence, 62 1 . Knighted by king Richard, 622. 
 
 Artuell (Martre), inHeynault, burned by the duke of 
 Normandy, i. 66. 
 
 Arundell, the erle of, besieged with king Ed\\ ard the 
 second in Brystowe by queen Isabeli's forces, i. 
 11. Condemned to death and beheaded, 12. 
 
 Richard erle of, neglects his duty before 
 
 St. Malo, i. 526. Commands an armament of 
 observation, ii. 6. Defeats the Flemish fleet under 
 Sir John Bucke, 216. Appointed to the com- 
 mand of a naval expedition, 356. Lands near 
 Rochelle, 374. Defeats the Rochellers in a skir- 
 mish, 376. Lands in Normandy, and over-runs 
 Vol. II. 5 F 
 
 the country, 421. Returns to Hampton (South- 
 ampton), 422. Joins the duke of Gloucestre in 
 his attempts to excite disturbances in England, 
 686. Committed to the Tower, 705. Beheaded 
 in Chepesyde, 707. 
 
 Arundell, Sir John, heads an armament against 
 France, and lands at Chierbourc, i. 518. Sent 
 with a force to the assistance of the duke of Bre- 
 tayne, 574. Perishes in a storm at sea, 574. 
 
 Asolgme, Sir John of, slain at the battle of Juberoth, 
 ii. 154. 
 
 Aspre, the town of, burned by the French, i. 61. 
 
 Assueton (Seton ?), Sir John, a Scots knight, per- 
 forms a gallant deed of arms, i. 417. 
 
 Asti, in Pyemount (Piedmont), besieged by the erle 
 of Armynake, ii. 527. 
 
 Athenes, the duke of, constable of France, slain at 
 the battle of Poycters, i. 200. 
 
 Athenys, the town of, (St. Jean d' Angely ?) See St. 
 John Dangle. 
 
 Athyeu (Attigny on the Aisne), the town of, taken 
 by Sir Eustace Dambretycourt, i. 238. 
 
 Atreman, Francis, a citizen of Gaunt, accompanies 
 the bysshope of Norwich in his wars in Flanders, i. 
 762. Surprises the town of Andwarpe (Oude- 
 narde), 773. Defeats a party of the French near 
 Ardenbourge, ii. 2. Makes an unsuccessful at- 
 tempt to take the town, )0. Takes the town of 
 Dan (Damme), 14. Besieged in it by Charles 
 the sixth, king of France, 15. Escapes with his 
 garrison to Gaunt, 18. Consents to a proposal 
 for peace, 35. Concludes a treaty between the 
 town of Gaunt and the duke of Burgoyne, 38. 
 Murdered at Gaunt, 170. 
 
 Aubencheul, the town of. See Danbecueyll. 
 
 Aubenton, the town of, taken and burned by the 
 erle of Heynault, i. 62. 
 
 Auberoche, the town of, in Pyergourt (Perigord), 
 taken by the erle of Derby, i. 126. Retaken by 
 the duke of Anion, 476-497. 
 
 Aubert (Aubriot), Hugh, Prouost of Parys, impri- 
 soned by king Charles the fifth, liberated by the 
 insurgents of Parys, i. 663. 
 
 Aucer, the erle of, taken prisoner at the battle of 
 Alroy (Auray), i. 300. Imprisoned by the king of 
 France for assisting king Henry of Castyle, 346. 
 
 Audere, Sir John Ferant, promotes the marriage of 
 Ferrande, king of Portyngale, with Elynoure, wife 
 of Sir Laurence of Coygiie, ii. 138. Endeavours 
 to obtain the crown of Portyngale for the king of 
 Castyle, 140. Slain by order of Master Denyce 
 (the (irand Master of Avis), 141. 
 
 Audeley, Sir James, his distinguished bravery at the 
 battle of Poycters, i. 200. Is handsomely re- 
 warded by the prince of Wales, 204, 206. His 
 generosity to his squires, 205. Is appointed Se- 
 neschall of Poyctou, 378. He takes the town of 
 Breuse, 379- His death. 388. 
 
 Sir Peter, makes an ineft'ectual attempt to 
 
 take the town of Chalons, i. 231. His death. 
 238. 
 
INDEX. 
 
 Aufryke (Africa), tlie town of, besieged by the duke 
 of Biirbon, ii. 499. Tlie siege abandoned, 517. 
 
 Aulnoy, in Heynault, burned by the duke of Nor- 
 mandy, i. 6'J. 
 
 Aunay, the castle of. See Dowaye. 
 
 Aurene, the town of, in Galyce, taken by the duke of 
 Lancastre, ii. 2fi2. 
 
 Ausalle, Don John, slain at the battle of Juberoth, 
 ii. 153. 
 
 Ausnes le Sec. See Osmelnall. 
 
 Ausser (Au.xere), the erle of, slain at the battle of 
 Cressy, i. 158. 
 
 Austarde, Vatayre, commands a body of Companions 
 at Rolebosse, i. 280. 
 
 Auterne, Roger d', and Sir Oliver d'. See Dauternc. 
 
 Auuergnc, the lord Berault, daulphyne of, marries 
 the daughter of the erle of Forestes, i. 240. Goes 
 10 England as one of the hostages for John, king 
 of France, 264. Ransomed, 368. 
 
 Ayre, the town of, in Arthoys, besieged by the Flem- 
 ings in the interest of the king of England, i. 172. 
 
 Ayraery, Sir John, taken prisoner by the French, ii. 
 82. Slain at Sanxere, 83. 
 
 B. 
 
 Bacon, a robber in Languedocke, takes the castle of 
 Coubourne, in Eymosyn, and commits other de- 
 predations, i. 177. 
 
 Baghes (Bacliez), Sir Raymon of, takes the castle of 
 Dulcen (Duren), ii. 208. 
 
 Baillou d' Amour, the, a Romance so called, i. 369, 
 7ioie. 
 
 Bajazet. See Lamorabaquy, the great Turk. 
 
 Balaster, Vassyer of Colles, lord of, son of the 
 erle of Namure, slain at the battle of Rauesten, 
 ii. 381. 
 
 Ball, John, a priest, preaches equality to the people 
 of Kent, ii. 640. Imprisoned by the Archbysshope 
 of Canterbury, 641. Liberated, and again preach- 
 ing, his doctrine becomes popular in London, 
 641. Enters London with Wat Tyler and Jack 
 Straw, at the head of a large body of insurgents, 
 645. Taken and beheaded, 652. 
 
 Balon, the castle of, in Auuergne, taken by Amergot 
 Marcel, i. 546. 
 
 Bane, the town of, taken by the English under the 
 Chauon of Robersart, i. 675. 
 
 Bangher, Donnage (Domage Baghor), conducts the 
 combined armies of the duke of Lancastre and 
 the king of Portyngale over the Derne (Duero), 
 ii. 298. Executed for it by the king of Castyle, 
 298. 
 Bannyers, the town of, taken by Henry, king of Cas- 
 tyle, i. 346. 
 Banoy (Bavay), in Heynault, burned by the duke of 
 
 Normandy, i. 66. 
 Bans, Sir Agous des, being besieged in the castle of 
 Ryoll, addresses the erle of Derby, and obtains 
 terms for his garrison, i. 133. 
 Bare, Sir Henry of, taken prisoner by the Turks at 
 the battle of Nycopoly, ii.671. Diesat Venice, 701. 
 
 Bare, Sir Philyp of, slain at the battle of Nycopoly, 
 
 ii. 671. 
 Barfleur, the town of. See Harflewe. 
 Barkley castle, king Edward the second imprisoned 
 
 there, i. 12. 
 Barley (Beaulieu ?), the town of, taken by Rabygoyse 
 
 of Dury and Robyn le Scote, i. 224. 
 Barres, Sir Barroys of, goes, with other French 
 knights, to the assistance of the king of Castyle, ii. 
 158. Enters Coulongne (Corunna), to defend it 
 against the duke of Lancastre, 161. Acquires 
 great wealth by destroying the country before the 
 English, l66. Is sent with a force by the dukes 
 of Burgoyne and Berrey to arrest Sir Olyuer of 
 Clysson at Mount le Heury, 581. Arrests the 
 lorde de la Ryuer, ike. 582. 
 Basse (Bassere), the castle of, besieged by Sir Gual- 
 
 tier Passac, ii. 115. Taken, 117. 
 Basyll, St. the castle of, in Gascone, taken by the erle 
 of Derby, i. 130. Retaken by the duke of Aniou, 
 476, 497. 
 Batefoyle, Sir Seguyn of, chosen commander of a 
 band of freebooters in Gascone, i. 267. Takes 
 the city of Briod, 272. Dies marvelously, 273. 
 — Sir Thomas of, governor of Lynde, pre- 
 pares to deliver die town to the duke of Anion, i. 
 414. Is killed in the attempt, and the town se- 
 cured by the captali of Beufz, 415. 
 Banceen (Bacien), the lord of, slain before St. Va- 
 
 lery, i. 229. 
 Bauier (Bavaria), Aubert, duke of, goes to Cambray, 
 and arranges with the duchess of Brabant the in- 
 ter-marriages of his children with the children of 
 the duke of Burgoyne, i. 793. Orders the duke 
 of Ireland to quit Dordrest, ii. 293. Assembles 
 an army and a large navy to make war on Frese, 
 659- Disbands his army, 663. Succeeds to the 
 possession of Holland, 8tc. by the death of the 
 erle of Bloys, 705. 
 
 (Bavaria), Frederyke duke of, promotes the 
 
 marriage of his niece Isabell with Charles the sixth, 
 king of France, ii. 12. 
 
 (Bavaria), Stephyn duke of, marries his 
 
 daughter Isabell to Charles the sixth, king of 
 F'rance, ii 15. 
 Baylleul, Sir Gawen of, taken prisoner at the battle 
 of Nauaret, i. 341. 
 
 . the lord of, slain in Montays, i. 65. 
 
 Sir Peter of, slaiu in a skirmish with the 
 
 men of Gaunt, ii. 2. 
 
 Sir Robert of, defeats the troops of his bro- 
 
 ther. Sir Willyam Baylleul, at the bridge of Cres- 
 syn, i. 79- 
 
 Sir Willyam of, defeated by his brother in a 
 
 skirmish at the bridge of Cressyn, i. 79- 
 Baynes (Ham), the seignory of, ceded to Edward the 
 
 third, king of England, i. 257. 
 Bayone, the town of, besieged by the king of Cas- 
 tyle, i. 518. Taken by the duke of Lancastre, ii. 
 188. 
 Beamonde, Sir Henry, takes prisoner king Edward 
 
INDEX. 
 
 the second and Sir Hewe Spencer the younger, 
 while endeavouring to escape from Bristowe, i. 
 12. 
 
 Beaucayre, the Seneschall of, taken prisoner at the 
 battle of Montauban, i. 322. 
 
 Beauchampe, Sir John, called the Little, taken pri- 
 soner by the army of the duke of Gloucestre, ii. 
 292. Beheaded at Oxford, 293. 
 
 Beauforde, the cardynall of, elected Pope under the 
 name of Gregory the eleventh, i. 427. 
 
 Beaufort, the castle of, betrayed to the French by the 
 governor, i. 369- 
 
 Roger, lights with the erle of Pembroke in 
 
 Lymoges, and yields himself prisoner to him, i. 
 423. 
 
 Beauieu, the lord Guyssharde of, slain at the battle of 
 Poycters, i. 200. 
 
 Sir Robert of, taken prisoner by the Com- 
 panions, i. 270. 
 
 the lord of, escapes with the French king 
 
 and four other barons after the battle of Cressy, i 
 159. 
 
 Beauieu, Willyam of, taken prisoner by the English 
 garrison of Chierbourg, i. 545. 
 
 Beaulte (Beaute), the lord of, taken prisoner in Mon- 
 tays, i. 65. 
 
 Beaumanoyre, the lord of, endeavours to make peace 
 between the lord John of Mountfort and the lord 
 Charles of Bloys, i. 298. Treacherously arrested 
 with Sir Olyuer of Clysson by the duke of Bre- 
 tayne, ii. 251. Liberated for the purpose of pro- 
 curing Sir Olyuer's ransom, 255. 
 
 Beaumount en Laylloyes, the town of, taken by the 
 erle of Derby, i. 126. 
 
 Beauuosyn (Beauvais), the country of, invaded by the 
 English under king Edward the third, i. 151. 
 
 Beawuoys, the bishop of, dies at Mount le Heury, ii. 
 267. 
 
 Beauuoyse, the chastellan of, taken prisoner by the 
 English at Lyques, i. 477- 
 
 Beauwayes, the cathelayne of, slain, i. 183. 
 
 Bele, John la, his crony cles adopted by Froissart as 
 the foundation of his own, i. 2. 
 
 Bellperche, the town of, taken by the Companions 
 in the interest of the prince of Wales, i. 385. 
 Besieged by the duke of Burbon, 407- Eva- 
 cuated by the garrison and taken by the duke, 
 410. 
 
 Bellville, the lands of, ceded to Edward the third, 
 king of England, i. 256. 
 
 Benedict, pope, preaches before the kings of France, 
 Aragon, Nauer, and Behayne, and exhorts them to 
 a crusade, i. 40. 
 
 pope, elected at Auygnon, ii. 604. Forced 
 
 to resign his dignity by Charles the sixth, king of 
 France, and the emperor of Almayne, 721. De- 
 posed, 764. 
 
 Benon, the town of, taken by the English under the 
 erle of Derby, i. 163. Retaken by storm by Sir 
 Bertram of Clesquy, 455. 
 
 Bercerell (Becherel), the town of, in Bretayne, be- 
 sieged by the French under the lord of Clysson, i. 
 462. Surrenders on terms, 474, 477. 
 
 Bercle (Berkeley), Thomas, lord of, taken prisoner 
 by a squire at the battle of Poycters, i. 20 1 . 
 
 Bergenettes (Bergettes), Sir John of, taken prisoner 
 at the battle of Nauaret, i. 341. 
 
 Berges (Bergues), the town of, turns to the men of 
 Gaunt, i. 698. Surrenders to Charles the sixth, 
 king of France, 730. Surrenders to the bysshope 
 of Norwich, 762. Pillaged and burned by the 
 king of France, 771. 
 
 Bergerath (Beigerac), the town of, taken by the erle 
 of Derby, i. 125. Be-ieged by the duke of Aniou, 
 492. Surrenders, 495. 
 
 Bergues (Barege), Sir Bertrand of, killed at the bat- 
 tle of Juberoth, ii. 106. 
 
 Bernecte, Sir John. .See Varlet. 
 
 Bernoys, Perot le, takes the town of Mountferant by 
 stratagem, ii. 340. Retires with great booty, 345. 
 Takes the field at the request of the erle of Arun- 
 dell, 373. Pillages the town of Selles and the ad- 
 jacent country, 377. 
 
 Berrey, John, duke of, goes to England as a hostage 
 for John king of France, i. 264. Returns to 
 France, 363. Collects a force to make war on 
 the prince of Wales in Acquitayne, 369. Ravages 
 Lymousyn, 414. Takes the town of Lymoges, 
 &c. 419 et seq. Betroths his daughter to the son 
 of the erle of Bloys, 796. Governs Langue- 
 docke, ii. 68. Prevents the sailing of the armament 
 against England, 199. Besieges the castle of Ven- 
 tadore, 334. Endeavours to win over the duke of 
 Bretayne to the French interest, 350. Proposes 
 to marry the daughter of the duke of Lancastre, 
 359. Goes to Bloys to meet the duke of Bre- 
 tayne, 368. Sends to the erle of Foiz to demand 
 his ward, the daughter of the erle of Boulogne, in 
 marriage for his son John of Berrey, 415. Mar- 
 ries her himself, 426. Accompanies the king of 
 France iu his visit to the Pope at Auygnon, 440. 
 The government of Languedocke taken from him, 
 441. The king refuses to be accompanied in his 
 journey by him, 442. Claims the liberation of his 
 treasurer, Betysache, who was under prosecution 
 for extortion and oppression, 451. Privately 
 agrees with the vycount of Chastellon to obtain 
 for him from the king of France the possessions of 
 the erle of Foiz, 548. Is informed of Sir Peter 
 Craon's intention to murder Sir Olyuer of Clysson, 
 and connives at it, 565. Accompanies the king 
 in his expedition against the duke of Bretayne, who 
 protected Sir Peter Craon, 569. Appointed re- 
 gent of France jointly with the duke of Burgoyne 
 during the derangement of king Charles the sixth, 
 577. Determines to disgrace Sir Olyuer of Clys- 
 son, 578. Disapproves of the marriage of the 
 king's daughter to Richard the second, king of 
 England, 626. 
 Jane of Boulogne, duchess of, petitions her 
 
 F2 
 
INDEX. 
 
 husband in behalf of the lord de la Ryuer, ii. 584. 
 Supports the lord de la Ryuer in opposition to die 
 duchess of Burgoyne, 592. 
 
 Berrey, John of. See Mountpensier, the erle of. 
 
 Bersat, the town of, taken by the English, i. 529. 
 
 Bertuell, the castle of, in Poyctou, taken by the duke 
 of Burbon, ii. 21. 
 
 Bertynguinell (Vertigrieul.x), in Heynault, burned by 
 the duke of Normandy, i. fi6. 
 
 Berwyke, the castle of, taken by king Edward the 
 third, i. 39. Taken by the Scots, 501. Stormed 
 and retaken by the erle of Northumberland, 504. 
 
 Besances (Entencar Betanqosr), the town of, surren- 
 ders to the duke of Lancastre, ii. 225. 
 
 Besenghen, the fortress of, in Gascone, taken by the 
 English under Sir Thomas Tryuet, i. 531. 
 
 Bethwyn (Bethune), unsuccessfully besieged by the 
 Flemings, i. 1 68. 
 
 Bette, Sir Symon, a citizen of Gaunt, killed by Phi- 
 lyp Dartuell, for having endeavoured to make 
 peace between that town and the erle of Flaunders, 
 i. 662. 
 
 Betysache, John, treasurer of the duke of Berrey, 
 tried at Besyers for oppression and extortion, ii. 
 450. Voluntarily confesses himself guilty of he- 
 resy, and is burned to death, 453. 
 
 Beufz (Bucli), the. captall of. See Buz. 
 
 Bierne (Berme), Sir Jaques, defeats the armv of the 
 erle of Arniynake before Alexauudre, ii. 531. 
 
 Sir Peter of, his soninabulism, ii. 77. Sepa- 
 rated from his wife by an extraordinary circum- 
 stance, 78. Killed at the battle of Juberoth, 106. 
 
 Bigore, the lands and county of, ceded to Edward the 
 third, king of England, i. 256. 
 
 Blames (Blayes), the town of, besieged by the erle 
 of Derby, i. 135. Surrenders, 135. 
 
 Blanche, daughter of Philyp, king of Nauer, married 
 to Philyp of Valoys, king of France, i. 181. 
 
 Blanche-Tague, the battle of, between king Edward 
 the third and Sir Godmar du Fay, i. 153. 
 
 Blancke (Le Blanc), the castle of, delivered to the 
 duke of Bretayne, in part ransom of Sir Olyuer 
 of Clysson, whom he had treacherously arrested, 
 ii. 255. 
 
 Bisque Berque (Blankenbiirg), the town of, taken 
 by the bysshope of Norwich, i. 762. 
 
 Blandeau (Blonde!), Sir Willyam, taken prisoner by 
 the seneschall of Heynault, i. 67. 
 
 Blanquefort, Sir Henry, of Boesme (Bohemia), bro- 
 ther of the king of Almayne, forcibly marries Mar- 
 garet of Hungary, who had been betrothed to L03 s 
 of Valoys, ii. I9. 
 
 Bleze, Sir Danyell de, taken prisoner in a skirmish 
 at the bridge of Cressyn, i. 79. 
 
 Blondeau, Sir John, surrenders the castle of Roche 
 sur Yon to the duke of Cambridge, i. 387- Put 
 to death in consequence at Angyers, 588. 
 
 Bloys, the county of, the reversion of it sold by the 
 trie Guy of Bloys to the duke of Thouravne, ii. 
 553. 
 
 Bloys tlie lord Charles of, claims the duchy of Bre- 
 tayne, i. 90. Declared by the parliament of Parys 
 the lawful duke of Bretayne, 91. Enters Bretayne 
 with a large force, assisted by the king of France, 
 92. Conquers several towns in the duchy, 92 et 
 seq. Takes his adversary, the erle of Mountfort, 
 prisoner, 93. TakeS the town of Renes, 101. 
 Takes the castle of Alroy, 105. Takes the town 
 ofVannes by storm, 106. Takes the town of Ca- 
 rahes, 108. Obtains possession of the town of 
 Jugon by treachery, 111. Enters into a trlice 
 with the countess of Mountfort, 111. Is besieged in 
 Nantes by king Edward the third, II6. Besieges 
 Rochdaren, 170. Taken prisoner by the forces 
 of the countess of Mouutfort, 171. Sent to Eng- 
 land,' 177. Raises an army to oppose the lord 
 John of Mountfort, 295. Killed at the battle of 
 Alroy, 301. Canonized bv pope Vrbane the fifth, 
 302. 
 
 Bloys, Guy of Chastellon, erle of, goes to England 
 as an hostage for John, king of France, i. 264. 
 Returns to France, 363. Joins the king of France 
 against England, 411. Joins the king again at 
 Arras in a litter, 768. Requests Froissart to write 
 his Cronycle, ii. 43. Visited by king Charles the 
 sixth, 552. Sells the reversion of the county of 
 Bloys, at the king's entreaty, to the duke of Thou- 
 rayne, 553. Dies at Nesues (Avesnes), in Hey- 
 nault, 704. 
 
 Sir John of, bastard son of the lord Charles 
 
 of Bloys, slain with his father at the battle of 
 Alroy, i. 301. 
 
 John of, marries the widow of duke Giiylliam 
 
 of Julyers, ii. 321. His death, 321. 
 
 the erle Loys of, slain at the battle of Cressy, 
 
 i. 158. 
 
 the lord Loys of, son of the erle Guy of Bloys, 
 
 betrothed to the lady Mary of Berrey, i. 796. 
 Married to her, ii. 348. Dies in Heynault, 536. 
 
 Loys of, brother of the erle Guy of Bloys, 
 
 goes to England as a hostage for John, king of 
 France, i. 264. 
 
 Bodenay, the lords of. See Wodney. 
 
 Boesme Launce (Bonne-lance), Sir John, takes pri- 
 soner Geronet of ^landurant and his companious 
 in Auuergne, ii. 337. 
 
 (Brunswick), the duke of, challenges the 
 
 duke of Lancastre to single combat at Parys, i. 
 183. 
 
 Bolayne, the erle of, his character, ii. 69. His 
 daughter, Jane of Bolayne, put under the protec- 
 tion of the erle of Foiz by her mother, 69. She 
 is married to the duke of Berrey, 426. 
 
 • Jane, countess of, married to the duke of 
 
 Normandy, i. 181. 
 
 pety (Bolougne), by Parys, burned by the 
 
 English under king Edward the third, i. 150. 
 
 Bonet, the lord of, dies of fatigue before Aufryke, ii. 
 509. 
 
 Boniface, pope, the ninth, elected by die cardynalls 
 
INDEX. 
 
 of Rome, ii. 400. Rejoices at the derangement 
 of Charles the sixth, king of France, 577 ; and 
 again at his being nearly burned to death, 592. 
 Sends a learned friar to the king to preach to him 
 and counsel him, 592. Declines the invitation of 
 the kings of France and Almayne to resign the pa- 
 pacy, 721. Sends a legate into Almayne to preach 
 in his behalf, 765. 
 
 Bonnes, or Brunes (Burghersh), Sir Bartylmewe de, 
 captured at the battle of Poycters, i. 202. Takes 
 Sir Baudewyn Danekyn prisoner before St. Quin- 
 tyne, 247. Besieges and destroys the castle of 
 Comercy, 2.50. 
 
 Bonual (Bonueval), the castle of, taken by the erle 
 of Derby, i. 12f). 
 
 Boordes, the lord of, killed at the battle of Juberoth, 
 ii. 106. 
 
 Bordes, Sir Willyam of, taken prisoner by the garri- 
 son of Chierbourg, i. 489, 545. 
 
 Bornesell, the lord of, sent by Charles the sixth, king 
 of France, ambassadour to Robert, king of Scot- 
 land, i. 540. Arrested at Sluys by the bayly, and 
 carried before the erle of Flaunders, 541. Re- 
 turns to Parys, 541. Is challenged in the king's 
 presence by Sir John of Guystels, 541. 
 
 Boucyquault, the lord, taken prisoner in Heynault by 
 the seneschal!, i. 67. 
 
 ' the lord of, taken prisoner at Remoren- 
 
 tyne by the prince of Wales, i. 192. Appointed 
 to the command of an expedition against the king 
 of Nauer, 280. Takes the town of Maunte by 
 stratagem, 281. Takes the towne of Meulecke, 
 281. Sent by king Charles the sixth to the duke 
 of Lancastre to learn his reasons for coming into 
 Acquitayne, ii. 6 IS. Accompanies John of Bur- 
 goyne in his expedition against the Turks, 639. 
 Taken prisoner by the Turks at the battle of Ny- 
 copoly, 671. Narrowly escapes being put to 
 death afterwards, 672. Obtains his ransom, 696. 
 Arrives at Venice, 700. Appointed marshall of 
 France, 703. Obliges pope Benedict to submit 
 to the emperour of Almayne and the king of 
 France, 723. Sent to Hungary against the Turks, 
 725. 
 
 BouUe, John, a citizen of Gaunt, appointed one of 
 the captains of the White-hattes in that city, i. 
 566. Put to death by the men of Gaunt, 624. 
 
 Bourbourc, the town of, turns to the men of Gaunt, 
 i. 698. Surrenders to Charles the sixth, king of 
 France, 730. Surrenders to the bysshope of Nor- 
 wich, 760. Besieged and retaken by the king of 
 France, 777. 
 
 Bourchier, Sir John, appointed governor of Gaunt, 
 i. 790. Retires to England, ii. 4?. 
 
 Bourdeaux, the archbysshope of, sent by the duke of 
 Lancastre ambassadour to Aragon, ii. 205. Im- 
 prisoned at Barcelona, 205. Liberated, 207. 
 
 Bourdeill, the town of, besieged by the English under 
 the duke of Cambridge, 37 1 . Taken, 384. 
 
 Bourge, the queues (Bourg la Reine), burned by the 
 English under king Edward the third, i. 150. 
 
 Bourgueuall, the lord of, taken prisoner by the duke 
 of Guerles at the battle of Rauesten, ii. 381. 
 
 Bomkc, the lord of, dies of fatigue before Aufryke, 
 ii. 509. 
 
 Bousquetyne, the vycount of, taken by the English at 
 Bcrgerath, i. 124. 
 
 Boutuylj, the castle of, taken by the French, i. 538. 
 
 Boynton, Sir Robert. See Abenton. 
 
 Boys, Sir Henry of, taken prisoner by the English at 
 the battle of Calais, i. 180. 
 
 Boyse, Peter du (Peter Du Bois), a citizen of Gaunt, 
 chosen one of the commanders of the White-hattes 
 in that city, i. 566. Causes the houses of the gen- 
 try to be destroyed, 580. Narrowly escapes being 
 put to death by the men of Gaunt, 631. Obtains 
 Philyp Dartuell to be appointed governor of 
 Gaunt, 636. Defeated at the passage of Comynes 
 on the Lys with great slaughter, 726. Prevents 
 the town of Bruges from surrendering to the king 
 of France, 73 1 . Retreats to Gaunt after the de- 
 feat of Philyp Dartuell, 740. Encourages the 
 men of Gaunt to withstand the army of the king 
 of France, 743. Causes every one suggesting 
 peace to be killed, ii. 33. Retires into England 
 after a peace being concluded between the men of 
 Gaunt and the erle of Flaunders, 42. Rewarded 
 by king Richard the second, 43. Serves under 
 the erle of Arundell at the destruction of the Fle- 
 mish fleet near Cagaunt, 2 1 6. 
 
 Brabant, the duke of, entertains Sir Robert of Ar- 
 thoys, who was banished France by king Philyp, i. 
 36. His territories invaded and devastated by the 
 French, 36. Assures the king that he will not as- 
 sist king Edward the third of England, 49- Joins 
 the English forces before Cambray, 52. Defies 
 the king of France, 52. Purchases three castles 
 belonging to the duke of Guerles, ii. 322. Ap- 
 pointed chief of the Languefryde, 324. Invades 
 the country of Julyers, 325. Defeated and taken 
 prisoner by the dukes of Julyers and Guerles, 325. 
 Obtains his liberty, 327- His death, 328. 
 
 the duchess of, wife of the above, forms a 
 
 marriage between the children of the houses of 
 Burgoyne and Heynault, i. 792. Causes the 
 daughter of Stephyn, duke of Bauier, to be sent to 
 France to marry king Charles the sixth, ii. 12. 
 Applies to the emperour of Almayne to interest 
 himself in obtaining the liberation of iier husband 
 from the duke of Julyers, 326. Sends ambassa- 
 dours to France to solicit assistance against the 
 duke of Guerles, 330. Besieges the town of 
 Graue, 377. flakes peace with the duke of 
 Guerles, 411. 
 
 Brabanters, the, besiege Graue, ii. 377. Defeated 
 with great slaughter at the battle of Rauesten, 379. 
 Abandon the siege of Graue, 380. Refuse to 
 permit the king of France and his army to march 
 through their country against Guerles, 385. 
 
 Bramble (Bramber), Sir Nicholas, counsels Richard 
 the second, king of England, to exert his authority 
 against his uncles, ii. 288. Taken prisoner ia 
 
INDEX. 
 
 escapinft from the king's army after its defeat by 
 the duke of Gloucestre, 2!>3. IJeheaded, 293. 
 
 Brandon (Brantonie), tlie town of, taken by Sir Ber- 
 tram of Cle.sqny, i. 424. 
 
 Brehappe, the town of, in Turkey, taken and buined 
 by the anny under John of Burgoyne, ii. 647. 
 
 Bresde ( Breda), tiie lands of, exchanged for the town 
 of Graue, ii. ^Jl. 
 
 Bresnie, tiie erie of, goes to England as a hostage for 
 king John of France, i. 264. 
 
 Bresny, Sir Othes of (Sir Otlio of Brunswick), hav- 
 ing made war on the Romans for pope Clement, 
 demands pay of him for his troops, ii. 129. 
 
 Brest, tlie castle of, taken by the erle of Mountfort 
 as duke of Bretayne, i. 87. Besieged by the 
 French under Sir Bertram of Clesquy, 465. The 
 siege turned into a blockade, 465. Relieved by 
 the erle of Salisbury, 467. Besieged by Sir Oly- 
 uer of Clysson, 515. Besieged a second time by 
 him, ii. 1 lo. 
 
 Bresnell, the lord, taken prisoner at the battle of Na- 
 uaret, i. 341. 
 
 Bretayne, the duchy of, adjudged to the lord Charles 
 of Bloys by the parliament of Parys, i. 91. 
 
 the country of, Edward the third, king of 
 
 England, renounces his right to it, i. 257. 
 
 Guy of, son of Sir Charles of Bloys, 
 
 surety in England for his fatiier's ransom, dies 
 there, ii. 211. 
 
 John of, brother of the above, surety in 
 
 England for his father's ransom, obtains his libe- 
 ration after a long imprisonment, ii. 211. Mar- 
 ries the daughter of Sir Olyuer of Clysson, 213. 
 He consents that his son by her shall marry the 
 daughter of the duke of Bretayne, 550. Becomes 
 erle of Ponthieurs, 551. His revenues increased, 
 635. Succeeds by the death of the erle of Bloys 
 to part of his estates, 705. 
 
 John duke of, his death, i. 86. 
 
 the lords of, on the death of their duke. 
 
 John of Mountfort, undertake the wardship of his 
 heir until he should come of age, ii. 762. 
 
 John of Mountfort, duke of, [ for previous 
 
 particulars respecting him, see Mountfort, the lord 
 John of], marries the daughter of the princess of 
 Wales by the lord Thomas Hollande, i. 306. Ap- 
 plies to England for assistance against the king of 
 France, 459. Goes to England on his duchy 
 being invaded by the duke of Burbon, 463. Re- 
 enters Bretayne with an array from England, 47 S. 
 Retakes several towns, &c. 479. Besieges Cam- 
 pelly, 480. Disbands his army and retires to Eng- 
 land, 480. Is entertained in defiance of the 
 French king by the erle of Flaunders, 540. Re- 
 turns to England, 543. Enters Bretayne again, 
 572. Solicits king Richard the second for suc- 
 cours, 584. E.xcuses himself to the erle of Buck- 
 ingham, who had come to his assistance, for not 
 meeting him on his march, 604. Makes peace 
 with the king of France, 6 1 8. Endeavours to 
 mediate a peace between England and France, 
 
 779- Treacherously arrests Sir Olyuer of Clyssod 
 and others in the castle of Ermyne, which causes 
 the French expedition against England to be aban- 
 doned, ii. 250. Liberates Sir Olyuer on ransom 
 and his other prisoners, 255. Required by the 
 king of France to restore the places and money he 
 had received for the ransom of Sir Olyuer of Clys- 
 son, 271. His answer, 272. Secretly allies him- 
 self with the English, 273. Disregards the over- 
 tures of the duke of Berrey to gain him over to 
 the French interest, 350. Enters into an alliance 
 with England, 354 ; and with Nauer, 356. Re- 
 stores the castles of Sir Olyuer of Clysson, 363. 
 Goes to Parys at the entreaty of the dukes of 
 Berrey and Burgoyne, 369. Makes his peace 
 with the king of France, 371. Returns to Bre- 
 tayne, 384. Is invited by the king of France to 
 join him with an army in an expedition against 
 Rome, 520. His opinion of the expedition, 520. 
 Meets the king of France at Thouais, to make an 
 amicable adjustment of the differences existing be- 
 tween them, 546. Agrees to marry his son to the 
 daughter of the king of France, and his daughter 
 to the son of John of Bretayne, 550. Grants an 
 asylum to Sir Peter Craon after his attempt to 
 murder Sir Olyuer of Clysson, 566. Refuses to 
 deliver him up to the king of France, 567. Is en- 
 gaged in a violent war with Sir Olyuer of Clysson, 
 595. Sends commissioners to him to treat for 
 peace, 596. .Entreats him for an interview, and 
 sends his eldest son as an hostage, 634. Makes 
 peace with Sir Olyuer of Clysson, 635. Enter- 
 tains the erle of Derby, and sends assistance with 
 him on his returning to England, 740. His death, 
 761. 
 
 Breth (Broc), the castle of, delivered up to the duke 
 of Bretayne, in part ransom of Sir Olyuer of Clys* 
 son, ii. 255. 
 
 Bretuell, the castle of, besieged and taken by the king 
 of France, i. 189. 
 
 Breuse, the towi of, taken by the English under Sir 
 James Audeley, i. 379. 
 
 Brian, Sir Guy of, defeats a Flemish fleet off the 
 hauyn of Bay, on the coast of Bretayne, i. 435. 
 
 Briese, Sir Loys of, perishes in the expedition against 
 Turkey, ii. 693. 
 
 Brimewe, the lord of, taken prisoner with his two 
 sons by the English, under Sir Thomas Tryuet, i. 
 589. 
 
 Brine of Thomode, king of Thomonde, in Ireland, 
 submits himself to Richard the second, king of 
 England, ii. 620. Is knighted by him, 622. 
 
 Briod (Brioude), the town of, taken by Sir Seguyn of 
 Batefoyle, i. 272. Delivered to the seneschall of 
 Aunergne, ii. 87. 
 
 Briquebeke, the lord of, slain, i. 183. 
 
 Briquet, Sir Robert, slain at Oliuet, ii. 83. 
 
 Bristowe, the city of, besieged by Isabell, queen of 
 king Edward the second, to obtain possession of 
 her husband and the two Sir Hewe Spencers, i. 
 1 1 . Surrenders to her forces, 1 1 . 
 
INDEX. 
 
 Biokas, Sir Beniarde, executed in Loiuioii for Imv- 
 ing counselled king Richard to put the duke of 
 Gloucestre to death, ii. 749- 
 
 Brouiewell (Brudeiiell), Sir Hugh, taken prisoner in 
 Bietayne, i. 47 ' • 
 
 Bruce, the vjcount of, taken prisoner by the prince 
 of Wales, 1. ly.'J. 
 
 Brue de Vaulx (St. Brieu), besieged by the duke 
 of Bretayne, i. 479. 
 
 Bruges, the town of, compelled to an alliance by tlie 
 men of Gaunt, i. 565. '^I'aken by the men of 
 Gaunt, 693. Its gates and walls demolished, 
 698. Submits to the mercy of the king of France 
 after the defeat of the men of Gaunt under Philyp 
 Dartuell, 74*2. 
 
 Brunay ( Brignais), the castle of, taken by the com- 
 panions callnig themselves the Late-comers, i.2CJ8. 
 
 Bruse, Roberf, king of Scotland, conquers Scotland 
 from king Edward the second of England, i. 3. 
 Invades England, 3. Defeats the king and his 
 barons at Esteruelyn, 3- Sends a defiance to king 
 Edward the third, 15. Invades England, 18. 
 His army retreats, 27- His dying request to lord 
 James Duglas, 28. His death, 29. 
 
 Robert, succeeds to the crown of Scotland on 
 
 the death of king David the second, i. 462. En- 
 ters into an alliance with the king of France, 501. 
 Makes preparations to invade England, 501. Ac- 
 knowledges pope Clement, 548. Sends to ex- 
 cuse himself to king Richard the second for the 
 inroads which the Scots, contrary to his orders, 
 had made into England, 786. Included in a truce 
 between France and England, 787. Engages to 
 join the French under Sir John Vien in the inva- 
 sion of England, ii. 8. Arrives at Edenborowe 
 for that purpose, 21. His person and disposition 
 described, 21. Returns into the highlands, 27. 
 Calls a meeting of his nobles respecting a peace, 
 427. 
 Brust, the (Brut d'Angleterre), an old chronicle so 
 called, ii. 730, note. Said to contain a prophecy 
 relative to the succession of the crown of England, 
 730, 763. 
 Bryngoles, the lord of, slain at the battle of Juberoth, 
 
 ii. 154. 
 Bucke, Sir John, commander of the Flemish fleet, 
 defeated and taken prisoner by the English fleet 
 under the erle of Aiundell, i:. 216. Dies in Lou- 
 don, 218. 
 Buckingham, Thomas of Wodstocke, erle of, ap- 
 pouited to the couanand of an army to go to the 
 assistance of tlie duke of Bretayne, i. 585. Arrives 
 at Calais, 585. Marches into France, 586. Burns 
 and despoils die country of Champayne, 590. 
 Over-runs die countries of Gaslenoyes (Gatinois) 
 and Beausc (Beaune), 596. Crosses the Sartre with 
 great difticulty, 601. Arrives at Vannes in Bre- 
 tayne, greatly dissatisfied with the conduct of the 
 duke of Bretayne, 604. Besieges IS antes, 607. 
 Raises the siege of Nantes, Gli. Remonstrates 
 with the duke of Bretayne, for not having joined 
 
 him, 612. Arrives at Vannes, Gl2. Returns to 
 England in disgust, 619. Suspected of favouring 
 the rebellion of Wat Tyler and Jack Straw, 644. 
 Created duke of Glocestre, ii. 200. \^Fur subse- 
 rjiieitl ptii ticu/ars of this prince, see Glocestre, the 
 duke of.] 
 
 Bucy, the lord Symonde of, killed in the palays of 
 Parys, i. 215. 
 
 Budes, Syluester, goes to the relief of Mountpaon, 
 having diawn straws with John of Malestroyt to 
 determine which should go, i. 430. Taken pri- 
 soner there by the duke of Lancastre, 43 1 . Makes 
 war on the Romans on the behalf of pope Cle- 
 ment, 547- Defeated and taken prisoner by Sir 
 John Haconde (Hawkwood), 552. Beheaded at 
 Mascon, 55'2. 
 
 Burt'orce (Beaufort), Sir Robert, taken prisoner in 
 the sea battle oft" Rochelle, i. 442. 
 
 Buffyer, the lord Pyers, taken prisoner at the battle 
 of Poycters, i. 200. Arrests Sir Eustace Dam- 
 bretycourt, who sought an asylum in his castle, 
 427 . Dies of fatigue before Aufryke, ii. 509. 
 
 Burbon, Sir Jaques of, taken prisoner by the English 
 at the battle of Poycters, i. 202. Sent by the 
 king of France to oppose the companions, called 
 the Late-comers, 2r)7. Completely defeated, and 
 with his son severely wounded by them, 270. 
 Their death, 270. 
 
 Loys duke of, goes to England as a hostage 
 
 for John, king of France, i. 264. Returns into 
 France, and obtains Willyani of Wycan to be ap- 
 pointed by the pope bysshope of Wynchestre, 364. 
 Takes the castle of Bellperche, 410. Heads an 
 army into Poyctou and Lymousyn, ii. 4. Takes 
 Mountlewe in Xayntoyne, &c. 5. Besieges Tail- 
 bourcke, 5. Takes Bertuell, and returns to Parys, 
 20. Joins the armament of the king of France 
 against England at Sluys, 191. Appointed to the 
 command of an army, to assist the king of Cas- 
 tyle against the duke of Lancastre, 215. Arrives 
 at Burgus, 309- Returns to France, 3 10. Mag- 
 nificently entertained by the erle of Foiz, 311. 
 Appointed commander in chief of an expedition 
 fitted out by the Genouoys against Barbary, 477. 
 Embarks at Gennes (Genoa), 478. Lands with 
 his army before the town of Aufryke, which he 
 besieges, 499- His army suffers from the heat 
 and insalubrity of the climate, 505. His courage 
 doubted, 505. Abandons the siege apd returns 
 to France, 517. Makes an ineftettual attempt to 
 gain over the towns of Acquitayne during die im- 
 prisonuieul of king Richard the second in the 
 Tower, 756. 
 Peter duke of, slain at die battle of Poycters, 
 
 i. 200. 
 Burgoyne, the country of, over-run and pillaged by the 
 
 Late-comers, i. 267. 
 Philyp duke of, enters into a composition 
 
 \\\l\\ king Edaard the third to spare his duchy in 
 
 marching through France, i. 251. His death, 
 
 181. 
 
10 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Burgopie, the lord Philyp of, erle of Arthoys, mor- 
 tally hurt before Aguyllon, i. 16 1. 
 
 Philyp duke of, (son of John, king of 
 
 France), his creation, i. 290. Sent against the 
 Companions into CaLv (Caux), &c. 291- Takes 
 the castle of Marchrauuyll and several other places, 
 291 et seq. Over-runs great part of the country 
 of Mountbelyart, 292. Takes the town of Cha- 
 ryte, 294. Marries the daughter of the erle of 
 Flaunders, 375. Marches with a large army 
 against the duke of Lancastre at Calais, 389. Re- 
 treats without fighting, 397. Takes the town of 
 Arde and other places, 486. Makes peace be- 
 tween the erle of Flaunders and the men of Gaunt, 
 570. Appointed governor of Picardy, G06. In- 
 stigates the king of France to make war on Flaun- 
 ders, 704. Sends succours to the erle of Flaun- 
 ders to oppose the bysshope of Norwich, 762. 
 Marries his children with the children of the duke 
 of Bauier, 794. Obtains the town of Sluys in 
 exchange for the county of Bethwyn, ii. 16. 
 Makes peace with the men of Gaunt, 38. Go- 
 verns Languedoyle, &,c. 68. Joins the armament 
 of the king of France at Sluys, 191. Sends forces 
 to the assistance of the duchess of Brabant against 
 the duke of Guerles, 335. Goes to Bloys to 
 meet the duke of Bretayne, 369- Accompanies 
 the king of France in his visit to the pope at Auyg- 
 non, 440. Ordered to return, to his great dissa- 
 tisfaction, 442. Accompanies the king in his ex- 
 pedition against the duke of Bretayne, 569- Ap- 
 pointed principal regent of France during the de- 
 rangement of king Charles the sixth, 577. Insults 
 Sir Olyuer of Clysson, the constable of France, 
 580. Arrests several of the king's council, 581. 
 Raises a backe-tayle (reserved-tax), to maintain the 
 state of his son, John of Burgoyne, as commander 
 in chief of an expedition against the Turks, 639. 
 Visits Richard the second, king of England, at Ca- 
 lais, respecting a peace, 657. Reduces his house- 
 hold, &c. to raise the ransom for his son, who was 
 taken prisoner by the Turks, 68 1 . Refuses to as- 
 sist at the council at Keynes for the reunion of the 
 church, 710. 
 
 J ohn of, erle of Neuers, son of the above, 
 
 his marriage, i. 795. Appointed commander in 
 chief of an expedition to assist the king of Hun- 
 gary against the Turks, ii. 637. Crosses the Da- 
 nube with a large force, in company with the king 
 of Hungary, 646. Takes by storm the town of 
 Coniecte, 647- Besieges Nycopoly, 648. De- 
 feated by the Turkish army under Lamorabaquy 
 the great Turk, 668. Taken prisoner, 670. Ob- 
 tains his ransom, 698. Returns to France, 703. 
 
 the duchess of, appointed to attend on the 
 
 person of the queen during the derangement of 
 king Charles the sixth, ii. 578. Instigates the 
 duke her husband against Sir Olyuer of Clysson, 
 578. 
 
 Burle (Burley), Sir Simon, taken prisoner by the 
 French, i. 372. Exchanged, 412. Sent to ne- 
 
 gociate a marriage between king Richard the se- 
 cond and the daughter of Charles of Behayne, em- 
 pcrour of Almayne, 573. Advises the removal 
 of the shrine of St. Thomas a Becket from Can- 
 terbury to Dover Castle, by which he gives great 
 offence, ii. 193, 281. Committed to the Tower 
 by the commissioners of accounts appointed to ex- 
 amine into his conduct during his administration, 
 279. Beheaded, 281. 
 
 Burley, Sir Richard, nephew and heir of the above, 
 dies in Castyle, ii. 281, 306. 
 
 Butler, Sir John, severely wounded and taken pri- 
 soner at Rochprion, i. 107. Condemned by Sir 
 Loyes of Spayne to be beheaded, and rescued by 
 Sir Walter Manny, 109. 
 
 Buz, or Beufz (Buch), the captall of, defeats the 
 atrocious Jaquery of Beauuoysyn with great slaugh- 
 ter, i. 218. Takes the town of Cleremount, in 
 Beauuoysyn, 227. Joins the king of Nauer, 280. 
 Taken prisoner at the battle of Cocherel, in Nor- 
 mandy, 288. Makes peace between the kings of 
 France and Naner, and obtains his liberty, 306. 
 Prevents the town of Lynde from being given up 
 to the French, 414. Taken prisoner by the 
 French at Soubise, 452. Imprisoned in the Tem- 
 ple at Parys, 456. Dies there of chagrin, 485, 
 519. 
 
 Byset, John, captain of the town of Berwyke, shuts 
 up the Scots in the castle of Berwyke, i. 502. 
 Appointed captain of the castle by the erle of 
 Northumberland after he had stormed it. 504. 
 
 Bysshope's Bridge (Pont I'Eveque), the town of, 
 taken by Sir Robert Canoll, i. 417. 
 
 Cadyllac, the town of, taken from the English by the 
 Bretons, i. 498. 
 
 Cagaunt (Cadsand), the island of, taken by the Eng- 
 lish, and the town burned, i. 45. 
 
 Calais, the battle of, between the English and French 
 forces, i. 179. 
 
 the town of, besieged by king Edward the 
 
 third, i. 160. A portion of its inhabitants sent 
 without the walls by the governor, 160. Surren- 
 ders, 175. Its French inhabitants entirely ex- 
 pelled, 176. Repeopled with Englishmen, 176. 
 A plot for its delivery to the French discoveied, 
 ] 78. Ceded to the crown of England, 257- 
 
 Calatraue (Calatrava), the great master of, taken pri- 
 soner at the battle of Nauaret, i. 342. Killed at 
 the battle of Juberoth, ii. 107. 
 
 Calipole (Gallipoli), the town of, taken by the erle of 
 Sauoy, ii. 124. Stormed by the Turks, 124. 
 
 Cambray, the city of, besieged by king Edward the 
 third, i. 51. 
 
 Cambreses, the countiy of, burned by the Heynaul- 
 ters, i. 6S. 
 
 Cambrey, Sir Philyp of, taken prisoner in Bretayne, 
 i. 471. 
 
 Cambridge, the erle of, sent to the assistance of the 
 prince of Wales in Acquitayne, i. 370. Makes 
 
INDEX. 
 
 war in Piergourt, 371. Takes the town of Bour- 
 deill, .'384. Leads a body of troops to the relief 
 of Bellperclie, 408. Returns to England, 429- 
 Appointed to the command of an army to go to 
 the assistance of the kyng of Portyngale against 
 the king of Castyle, 639. -Arrives at Lysbone, 656. 
 Returns with his army dissatisfied with the conduct 
 of the king of Portyngale, ()8'i. ii. 44. Created 
 duke of York, ii. 200. [For subsequent particulars 
 of this prince, see York, the duke of.] 
 
 Campecorentyne (Quimper-Corentin), the town of, 
 in Bretayne, besieged by the lord of Mountfort, i. 
 304. Taken by Sir Bertram of Clesquy, 4(i4. 
 
 Campelly (Quimperle), the town of, in Bretayne, 
 taken by Sir Bertram of Clesquy, i. 4G4. Be- 
 sieged by the duke of Bretayne, 479. Reliev- 
 ed, 480. 
 
 Camponall, Sir CamponcU of, liberated by exchange, 
 i. 406. 
 
 Campremy, the lord of, taken prisoner before Parys, 
 i. 254. 
 
 Candley (Chandler), Sir John, taken prisoner in Bre- 
 tayne, i. 471. 
 
 Cane, the erle of. See Kent. 
 
 the town of, taken by king Edward the third, i. 
 
 149. 
 
 Canency, the lord Gerard of, taken prisoner by Ha- 
 nekyn Francoys, i. 233. 
 
 Canerolles, the castle of, taken by the duke of Bur- 
 goyne, i. 292. Razed to the ground, 292. 
 
 Canoll, Sir Arnolde, Reynold (Sir Cervole), the arch- 
 priest, collects a body of armed men, and pillages 
 Prouence, i. 214. Captured at the battle of 
 Biunay, 270. 
 
 Canolle (Knolles), Sir Robert, commands a body of 
 the Companions in Normandy, i. 21o. Makes an 
 incursion into Berry and Auuergne, 239. Goes 
 to the assistance of the prince of Wales, 379. 
 Appointed Captain of the knights, 8cc. in the ser- 
 vice of the prince of Wales, 379. Goes to Eng- 
 land on the summons of king Edward the third, 
 410. Leads an army into Picardy, 415. Enters 
 into a composition to save the country from being 
 pillaged, 416. Part of his forces defeated at Pont 
 Valont by Sir Bertram of Clesquy, 426. Incurs 
 the displeasure of the king of England, 435. Re- 
 instated in his favour, 435. Appointed governor 
 of Bretayne, 464. Causes four knights and a 
 squire, his prisoners, to be beheaded at Duriuall, 
 472, ii. 57. Goes to Bretayne with the duke, 
 i.572. Takesprisonerthelordof Mauuoysin, 601. 
 
 Caours, the town of, ceded to Edward the third, king 
 of England, i. 256. Turns to the French interest, 
 373. 
 
 — ■ Sir Raoll of, defeats the English under Sir 
 
 Thomas Dagorne in Bretayne, i. J 82. 
 
 Caraches (Carhaix), taken by the erle of Mountfort, 
 as duke of Bretayne, i. 89. Taken by Sir Charles 
 of Blovs, 108. 
 
 Carcasson, the seneschall of, taken prisoner at the 
 battle of Montaubon, i. 322. 
 Vol. IL 5 G 
 
 Carcyllat, the castle of, taken and burned by the Eng- 
 lish under Sir Thomas Tryuet, i. 53 1 . 
 
 Carentyne, or Quarentjne (Carentan), the town of, 
 surrenders to the English, i. 146. Pillaged and 
 burned, and the inhabitants carried off, 147. He- 
 taken by the lord Coucy, 516. 
 
 Carlonet (Carnet Ic Breton), taken prisoner by the 
 English at the bridge of Lussac, i. 404. 
 
 Carmaine, the vycount of, his homage for certain 
 lands in France ceded to Edward the third, king 
 of England, i. 256. 
 
 Carongne, Sir John of, goes abroad, ii. 201. His 
 wile ravished by Jaques le Grys in his absence, 
 202. He returns and appeals to the parliament 
 against Jaques le Grys, 203. Kills Jaques le 
 Grys in a duel ordained by the parliament, 204. 
 Goes to the holy sepulchre, 204. 
 
 Carquesy (Carquefou), the town of, taken by Sir 
 Charles of Bloys, i. 92. 
 
 Cassell, the battle of, between the Flemyngs and 
 Philyp of Valoys, king of France, i. 31. 
 
 • the town of, turns to the men of Gaunt, i. 
 
 698. Surrenders to king Charles the sixth of 
 France, 730. Taken by the byshoppe of Norwich, 
 760. Retaken by the king of France, 768. 
 
 Casseres, the town of, taken by the erle of Foyz, ii. 
 54. 
 
 Castell (du Chatell) Sir Garses of the, takes the castle 
 of Trygalet, ii. 57. 
 
 Morant, Sir John 'of, carries over from Eng- 
 land truces for three years, signed by king Richard 
 the second and his allies, ii. 436. Sent by Charles 
 the sixth, king of France, ambassadour to Lamo- 
 rabaquy, after the battle of Nycopoly, with rich 
 presents, to treat for the ransom of the French pri- 
 soners, 676. His presents detained by the king 
 of Hungary, 678. Fulfils his mission, and returns 
 to France, 682. 
 
 Castenans, Sir John Radigos dc, slain by the Por- 
 tuguese under Sir John Ferrant Portelet, ii. 
 148. 
 
 Castyde, or Christell, Sir Henry, relates to Froissart 
 particulars respecting the expedition of king Ri- 
 chard the second into Ireland, ii. 619- Taken 
 prisoner in Ireland in a singular manner by Brine 
 Costeret, 620. Marries his daughter, 62 1 . Ex- 
 changed for his father-in-law, 62 1 . Appointed by 
 king Richard the second to attend on four Irish 
 kings and teach them good manners, 621. 
 
 Casui^ell, the castle of, in Auueigne, taken by Amer- 
 got Marcell, i. 546. 
 
 Cavendish, John. See Standysshe. 
 
 Caudrer (Caudorier), John, mayor of Rochelle, ob- 
 tains possession of the castle from the English by 
 stratagem, i. 453. 
 
 Caunterbury, Symon, archbysshope of, murdered in 
 the Tower of London by the rabble under Wat 
 Tyler, i. 646. 
 
 the archbysshope of, sent to Bristowe 
 
 by the duke of Glocestre and the Londoners on an 
 embassy to king Richard the second, ii. 293. 
 
12 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Conducts him to London, 294. Sent to France 
 with an apphcation from the Londoners to the erle 
 of Derby to return to England, 737. Conducts 
 the erle to London, 741. 
 
 Caurell (Calverley), Sir Hugh, joins the prince of 
 Wales in Acquitayne with a large body of the Com- 
 panions, i. S70. Appointed governor of Calais, 
 483. Endeavours to dissuade the bysshope of 
 Norwich from making war in Flaunders with the 
 forces under his command, 755, 759, 769- 
 Escapes out of Berges, greatly dissatistied with the 
 issue of tlie bishop's expedition, 77 1. 
 
 Cerbe, a knight so called, beheaded for speaking 
 against king Richard the second, ii. 708. 
 
 Chalon, Sir Loys of, taken prisoner at Brunay by the 
 Companions, called the Late-comers, i. 270. 
 
 Chalons, the bysshop of, slain at tlie battle of Poyc- 
 ters, i. 200. 
 
 the town of, unsuccessfully attacked by Sir 
 
 Peter Audeley, i. 231. 
 
 the vydame of, slain with his two sons at Au- 
 
 benton by the erle of Heynault, i. 62. 
 
 Chambley, Sir Guyuenton of, slain at the battle of 
 Poycters, i. 200. 
 
 Chamount, the hermyte of, taken prisoner at Remo- 
 rentyne by the prince of Wales, i. 191. 
 
 Champayne, Sir Alaine of, dies of fatigue before Au- 
 fryke, ii. 509. 
 
 Chandos, Sir John, receives the lands of St. Sauiour 
 the Vycount as a gift from Edward the third, king 
 of England, i. 263. Goes to France as seneschall 
 over the possessions of the king of England there, 
 266. Appointed constable of Guyene, 274. Sent 
 to the assistance of the lord John of Mountfort in 
 Bretayne, 294. Prevents a peace being negoci- 
 ated between John of Mountfort and Sir Charles 
 of Bloys, 298. Defeats the army of Sir Charles 
 of Bloys at the battle of Alroy, 301. Narrowly 
 escapes death at the battle of Nauaret, 338. Ad- 
 vises the prince of Wales not to persevere in his 
 design of enforcing the fowage, or hearth-tax, and 
 failing to succeed, retires to his country seat, 352. 
 Recalled by the prince, and sent to make war on 
 the French and the lords of Gascone, 365. Takes 
 the town of Tarriers and several others in the 
 Thoulosayn, 372, el serj. Appointed seneschall 
 of Poycton, 388. Invades and pillages the terri- 
 tories of Aniou and Rochchoart, 390. Goes to 
 the relief of the erle of Pembroke, who had re- 
 fused serving with him, and is in danger of being 
 taken prisoner by the French, 393. Mortally 
 wounded in a skirmish at the Bridge of Lussac, 
 403. His death, 404. 
 
 Chapel, Sir GeflFrey of the, dies of fatigue before 
 AutVyke, ii. 509. 
 
 Chargny en Dormoys, the castle of, taken by Sir John 
 Chandos, i. 248. 
 
 Charlemayne, several ancient charters and privileges 
 granted by him, pleaded by divers lords of France 
 in justification of their refusal to transfer their al- 
 legiance to England, i. 265. 
 
 Charles, king of Almaygne (Germany), dissimulates 
 concerning the schism in the papacy, i. 548. His 
 death, 573. 
 
 of Boesme (Bohemia), emperour of Al- 
 
 mayne, collects a large army to make war on the 
 duke of Julyers in the cause of the duchess of Bra- 
 bant, ii. 326. Receives his submission, 327. 
 
 son of the above. See Vincelyns. 
 
 of Luzenbourge (Luxembourg), king of 
 
 Behayne (Bohemia), slain at the battle of Cressy, 
 i. 157. 
 
 the fourth, king of France, takes measures 
 
 to assist his sister Isabell, queen of Edward the 
 second, king of England, against her husband and 
 the Spencers, i. 6. Is prevailed upon by Sir 
 Hewe Spencer to break up the e.xpedition which 
 he had encouraged his sister to raise in France, 7. 
 Commands her to quit the kingdom, 7. His mar- 
 riage, 30. His death, 30. 
 
 the fifth, king of France [for previom parti- 
 
 culars of this monarch, see Normandy, Charles 
 duke of], crowned at Reynes (Rheims), i. 290. 
 Makes peace with the lord John of INIountfort, 
 and acknowledges him lawful duke of Bretayne, i. 
 305. Makes peace with the king of Nauer, 306. 
 Raises an army to make war on Peter, king of 
 Castyle, 308. Is advised to assume the sovereign- 
 ty of Guyen, and to renew the war with England, 
 357, 360. Summonses the prince of Wales to 
 appear before the parliament of Parys and answer 
 the complaints of the lords of Gascone, &c. 361. 
 Makes preparations to renew the war against the 
 English, 363. Gains over several captains of the 
 Companions, 366. Sends ambassadours to Ed- 
 ward the third, king of England, with remon- 
 strances, 966. Sends his defiance to him by a var- 
 let, 366. Prepares an armament for the invasion 
 of England, 386. Breaks up the expedition in 
 consequence of the arrival of the duke of Lancas- 
 tre at Calais, 396. Assembles a large force to 
 make war on Acquitayne, 411. Makes peace 
 with the king of Nauer, 412. Enters into an al- 
 liance with Henry, king of Castyle, 438. Makes 
 peace with the king of Nauer, 462. Sends an 
 army to invade the duchy of Bretajne, 463. 
 His terms for a peace with England, 481. Fits 
 out a fleet for the invasion of England, w hich does 
 considerable mischief, 484. Is informed of the 
 death of king Edward the third, 484. Causes two 
 secretaries of the king of Nauer to be beheaded, 
 486, 513. Commences war against the king of 
 Nauer, 4S6. Strengthens his alliances, 500. In- 
 stigates the king of Scotland to make war on Eng- 
 land, 501. His queen dies in child-bed, 508. 
 He never married afterwards, 508. Refuses to 
 release the king of Nauer's two sons, 512. Seizes 
 the possessions of the king of Nauer in Norman- 
 dy in the name of his two sons, 513. Sends an 
 ambassadoiir to the king of Scotland, 540. His 
 ambassadour detained by the erlt of Flaunders, 
 54 1 . Orders the erle of Flaunders to send the 
 
INDEX. 
 
 IS 
 
 duke of Bretayne out of his dominions, 542. Puts 
 himself under obedience to Clement as the lawful 
 pope, 348. Afflicted with a singular disorder, 599. 
 His last words and advice on his death-bed, 599. 
 Dies at Paris, 601. Interred at St. Denyse, 
 
 Charles tlie sixth, king of France, his birth, i. 360. 
 Crowned at Reynes (Rennes), with great ceremo- 
 ny, 605. Makes peace with the duke of Bre- 
 tayne, 618. Sends an army to the assistance of 
 the king of Castyle, 668. Determines to make 
 war in Flaunders on behalf of the erle, 704. 
 Chooses a flying hart for his device on account oi 
 a dream, 706. Imprisons the bearer of a letter 
 to him from Philyp Dartuell, 707- Endeavours 
 to treat with the Flemings, 711. Collects a large 
 force to reduce them to obedience, 715. Defeats 
 the Flemish army at the bridge of Comynes, 726. 
 Receives the submission of Ipre and several other 
 places, 729 et seq. Defeats the Flemings under 
 Philyp Dartuell with great slaughter, 738. Enters 
 Courtray, 741. Receives the submission of Bru- 
 ges, 741. Returns to France, 745. Makes his 
 entry into Parys, 748. Assembles a large army 
 to oppose the bysshope of Norwich in Flaunders, 
 766. Takes Cassell, 768; and Bourbourc, 777- 
 Returns to Fiance, 778. Enters into a truce with 
 England, 780. Prepares to renew the war, 792, 
 796. Goes to Cambray to the marriage of the 
 children of the dukes of Bauier and Burgoyne, 
 794. Sends Sir Loys of Sanxere to make war in 
 Prouence for the duchess of Anion, ii. 2. Mar- 
 ries the lady Isabell of Bauier (Bavaria), 15. Sets 
 out from Amyence to renew the war in Flaunders, 
 15. Takes the town of Dan, 18. Returns to 
 Parys, 19. Promises to assist Lyon, king of Ar- 
 mony (Armenia), in regaining his kingdom, 129. 
 Makes immense preparations to invade England, 
 167. Promises to assist the king of Castyle after 
 the destruction of England, 173. Joins his arma- 
 ment at Sluys, 191. Puts off his design, and dis- 
 bands his army, 199. Makes preparations to as- 
 sist the king of Castyle, 214. Prepares another 
 armament against England under Sir Olyuer of 
 Clysson, 242. His designs frustrated by the ar- 
 rest of Sir Olyuer by the duke of Bretayne, 254. 
 Receives an insulting defiance from the duke of 
 Guerles, 257. Demands of the duke of Bretayne 
 the restoration of the places and money to Sir 
 Olyuer of Clysson, which he had unjustly obtained 
 for his ransom, 27 1 . Receives a haughty answer 
 from the duke of Bretayne, 272. Promises to 
 assist the duchess of Brabant against the duke of 
 Guerles, 331. Invites the duke of Ireland, who 
 had fled from England, to reside in France, 353. 
 Is visited by the duke of Bretayne, 371. Pre- 
 pares an army to invade Guerles, .17 1, 382, Sends 
 ambassadours to explain his intentions to the king 
 of Alinayne, 383. Receives favourable answers, 
 386. Enters the duchy of Julyers, 389. Receives 
 the submission of the duke of Julyers, 406. Re- 
 
 5G2 
 
 ceives the submission of the duke of Guerles, 411. 
 Returns to France, 411. Takes upon himself the 
 government of his kingdom on coining of age, 414. 
 Sends Sir John Vien to the king of Castyle, to re- 
 monstrate widi him on the marriage of his son 
 with the daughter of the duke of Lancastre, 414. 
 Prepares to visit the erle of Foiz, 422. Enters 
 into a truce with the king of England, 427. Causes 
 die duke of Ireland to quit France, 439. Visits 
 pope Clement at Auygnon, 440. Visits Mouut- 
 pellyer, &c. and receives great complaints in his 
 progress of the oppressions of the dukes of Berrey 
 and Burgoyne, 442 et se(/. Is visited by the erle 
 of Foyz in great splendour at Tholouse, and re- 
 ceives his homage, 455. Travels with great speed 
 from Mountpellyer to Parys for a wager, which 
 he loses, to the duke of Thourayne, 458. Pre- 
 sent ill cognita at the justs near St. Ingylbertes, 
 472. Dissatisfied widi the erle of Ostreuaunt for 
 accepting the order of die garter from die king ot 
 England, 515. Proposes to march to Rome, to 
 restore the union of the church, 520. Receives 
 ambassadours from the king of England, with pro- 
 positions for a peace, 521. On the death of the 
 erle of Foiz, is advised to seize on his territories, 
 540. Sends commissioners to Orthayes to make 
 arrangements for the settlement of the country, 
 540. Meets the duke of Bretayne at Towrs, to 
 make an amicable settlement of the differences be- 
 tween them, 546. Confirms the succession of the 
 viscount of Chastellon to the territories of the erle 
 of Foiz, 548. Agrees to marry his daughter to 
 the son of the duke of Bretayne, 550. Visits the 
 erie of Bloys, 552. Receives the duke of Lan- 
 castre and the other commissioners from the king 
 of England to treat for peace at Aniyense, 555. 
 Not being able to conclude a peace, he enters into 
 a truce for a year, 557. Falls sick, and is carried 
 to Beauuoys for die recovery of his health, 559- 
 Visits Sir Olyuer of Clysson, wiio had been severe- 
 ly wounded, and narrowly escape being assassinated 
 by Sir Peter Craon, 563. Commands the duke 
 of Bretayne, who protects Sir Peter Craon, to de- 
 liver him up, 567. Exchanges the duchy of Or- 
 lyaunce witii the duke of Thourayne for his duchy, 
 569. Leads an army against the duke of Bretayne 
 on his refusing to deliver up Sir Peter Craon, 569- 
 Remains three weeks ill of a fever at Mans, 570. 
 Again requires the duke of Bretayne to surrender 
 Si? Peter Craon, 570. Resumes his march in a 
 high fever, and is suddenly stopped in the forest of 
 Mans, and admonished by a supposed fool to pro- 
 ceed no further, 572. Continuing his march, he 
 becomes deranged, 573. His expedition is in 
 consequence broken up, 574. Removed to the 
 castle ofCrayell, for the benefit of his health, 576. 
 Recovers his senses, 586. Returns to Parys, 589. 
 His life in great danger at a masked dance in 
 Parys, 590. His healdi quite restored, but the 
 government remains with die dukes of Berrey and 
 Burgoyne as regents, 593. Appoints commission- 
 
14 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 ers to negociate a peace with the commissioners of 
 the king of England at Balynghani (Leulinghem), 
 598. Prolongs the truce with England, 602. 
 Relapses into his former malady, fi03. Removed 
 to Crayell, t)0:>. Recovers, 604. Endeavours to 
 settle the affairs of the church, 605. Sends am- 
 bassadours to the duke of Lancastre in Acquitayne 
 to learn his intention in coming into that country, 
 61 J. Receives proposals of marriage for his 
 daughter from the king of England, 6'i4. Sends 
 Robert the Hermit to England to assist in bring- 
 ing about a peace between the two countries, 6'Jy. 
 Liberates the lord de la Ryuer and Sir John Mer- 
 cier, who had been imprisoned by his uncles dur- 
 ing his derangement, 631. Appoints John of 
 Burgoyne, erle of Neuers, son of the duke of Bur- 
 goyne, commander in chief of an expedition to as- 
 sist the king of Hungary against the Turks, 637. 
 Betroths Jiis daughter, tlie lady Isabell, to Richard 
 the second, king of England, 643. Arrives at St. 
 Omer's to meet the king of England, 665. Has 
 an interview with him at Arde, 6()5. Delivers up 
 his daughter to him, 666. Proposes to lead an 
 army into Lombardy against the duke of Mylayne, 
 667. Receives the news of the defeat of the com- 
 bined armies by the Turks at the battle of Nyco- 
 poly, 674. Meets the king of Almayne at Reynes, 
 to confer upon measures for the reunion of the 
 church, 709. Sends ambassadours to pope Boni- 
 face, to acquaint him with the resolutions of the 
 assembly, 720. Sends the same to pope Benedict 
 at Auygnon, 721. Sends to king Richard the 
 second and the king of Almayne, requiring them 
 to enforce pope Boniface to resign, 726. Inform- 
 ed of the imprisonment of king Richard the se- 
 cond in the tower of London, 755. Relapses into 
 his derangement, 755. His council sends Sir 
 Charles Dalbreth, &c. to England, to visit his 
 daughter during the imprisonment of the king, 
 757. 
 Charles, king of Nauer, causes the constable of 
 France to be murdered, i. 1 83. Obtains the par- 
 don of the king of France, 184. Lands with a 
 large army at Chierbourg, 186. Is again pardoned 
 by the kmg of France, 186. Arrested by the king 
 of France, 188. Escapes by stratagem from the 
 castle of Alleres, 215. Appeases the duke of 
 Normandy, 215. Harangues the Parysians, 216. 
 Destroys many of the atrocious Jaquery of Beau- 
 uosyn, 217. Makes peace with the duke of Nor- 
 mandy, 219. Declares war against France, 222. 
 Takes several towns and fortresses in France, 222. 
 Again makes peace with the duke of Normandy, 
 234. Declares war against him, 248. Makes 
 war on France, 280. Makes peace with the king , 
 of France, 306. Enters irito an alliance with 
 Peter, king of Castyle, J 16. Conducts the prince 
 of Wales and Don Peter to Panpylone (Panipe- 
 luna), 327. Dissatisfied with the conduct of the 
 prince's troops, 328. Taken prisoner by Sir 
 Olyuer Manny, 330. Visits and enters into an al- 
 
 liance with the king of England, 376. Makes 
 peace with the khig of France, 412, 462. Ap- 
 plies to Richard the second, king of England, for 
 assistance against the king of France, 487, 514. 
 His queen dies, 5O9. Goes to England, and enters 
 into an alliance with the king, 315. Arrives at 
 Burdeaux, and solicits aid from the English to 
 raise the siege of Panpylone, 530. Concludes a 
 peace with the king of Castyle, 536. Permits the 
 French to pass over his territories, to assist the 
 king of Castyle, ii. 238. His extraordinary death, 
 333. 
 
 Charles, son of the above, marries the daughter of 
 king Henry of Castyle, i. 536. Is crowned king 
 of Nauer, ii. 333. Releases his subjects from the 
 imposition of a grievous tax proposed by his father, 
 333. Returns from France, after failing to per- 
 suade the king to restore his inheritance of Nor- 
 mandy, 8ic. 710. 
 
 of Spayne, erle of Angolen (Angouleme), 
 
 appointed constable of France, i. 182. Marries 
 the daughter of the lord Charles of Bloys, 183. 
 Murdered by order of the king of Nauer, 183. 
 
 Charney, Sir Geffray, endeavours to gain possession 
 of Calais from the English, by bribing the gover- 
 nor. Sir Amery of Pauy, i. 178. Defeated by 
 king Edward the third, and taken prisoner, 180. 
 Embarks for Scotland, to offer his assistance against 
 England, 784. Pillages and burns various parts 
 of Nortlmmberland, 786. Returns, and is in 
 great danger from the Zealanders, 788. Arrives 
 at Edenborowe with the French armament for the 
 invasion of England, ii. 7. 
 
 the lord of, slain at the battle of Poycters, i. 
 
 202. 
 
 Charters of peace — between the kings of England 
 and France, i. 256, 358. Between the duke of 
 Burgoyne and the men of Gaunt, ii. 38. 
 
 Charytie, the town of, on the Loyre, taken by Sir 
 Loys of Nauer, i. 291. Taken by the duke of 
 Burgoyne, 294. Taken a second time by the 
 French, ii. 83. 
 
 Chasteleraut, the town of, taken by the French, i. 
 407. 
 
 Chastellon, Sir Charles of, taken prisoner by the 
 Enghsh at Lyques, i. 477. 
 
 Sir Hewe of, master of the cross-bows of 
 
 France, conquers Poyctou from the English, i. 
 368. Takes Sir Nycholas Louayng prisoner, 368. 
 Taken prisoner at Abbeuille by Sir Nycholas Lo- 
 uayng, 400. Escapes from England, 476. 
 
 — Jaques of, son of the above, forcibly di- 
 vorced during the regency of the dukes of Berrey 
 and Burgoyne from the daughter of the lord de la 
 Ryuer, and forced to marry another, ii. 583. 
 
 the lord of, taken prisoner by the English 
 
 at Bergerath, i. 124. 
 
 (Castillon), the town of, besieged by the 
 
 duke of Anion, i. 495. Surrenders, 497. 
 
 (Chiitel-bon), the vicount of, claims the 
 
 succession of Foiz, ii. 540. Formerly imprisoned 
 
INDEX. 
 
 15 
 
 by the erle of Foiz, 542. His claim confirmed 
 by the king of France, 548. Takes possession of 
 the county as his inheritance, 554. Does homage 
 to the king of France, 589. 
 
 Chastoceaul.\, tlie castle of, taken by Sir Charles of 
 Bloys, i. 92. 
 
 Chatenas, Sir John of, dies of fatigue before Au- 
 fryke, ii. 509. 
 
 Chateau-neuf, Sir .John of. See Newcastell. 
 
 Chaunny, the lord of, taken prisoner with his two 
 sons before Mauconsell, i. 224. 
 
 Chauygny, the lord of, taken prisoner by the prince 
 of Wales, i. 193. Quits the interest of the prince 
 of Wales for that of the king of France, 378. 
 
 the town ol', in Poyctou, taken by Sir 
 
 Bertram of Clesquy, i. 446. 
 
 Cheney, Sir Robert, slain at Oliiiet, ii. 83. 
 
 Chierbourge, the town of, pillaged and burned by the 
 English, i. 14fi. Besieged by Sir Bertram of 
 Clesquy, 487, 527. First built by Julyus Cesar, 
 487. 
 
 Chimay, the town of. See Simay. 
 
 Chyfolignie (Cephalonia), the isle of, its singular go- 
 vernment, manufactures, Stc. ii. 700. 
 
 Civray, the battle of. See Syreth. 
 
 the town of. See Syreth. 
 
 Clarence, Lyonell duke of, when erle of Ulster, ac- 
 companies his father, king Edward the third, into 
 
 ' France, i. 243. Marries the daughter of the lord 
 of Mylayne, 349. His death, 357. Makes war 
 in Ireland, ii. 621. 
 
 Clary, the lord of, killed before Dan, ii. 15. 
 
 the lord of, challenges Sir Peter Courtney to 
 
 do arms, ii. 444. Wounds him, 445. Imprison- 
 ed by the king of France, 446. Liberated, 447. 
 
 Clement the sixth, pope, deprives the Flemings of 
 the rites of the church, i. 63. Sends two cardy- 
 nalls to mediate a truce between France and Eng- 
 land, 1 19- Mediates another truce between these 
 nations, 177. Dies at Auygnon, 183. 
 
 the seventh, pope, elected during the pope- 
 dom of Vrbane the si.xth, which causes a schism in 
 the church, i. 547. Acknowledged by the king 
 of France, &c. 548. Goes to Auygnon, 549. 
 Presents the duke of Anion with the territories of 
 the queen of Naples, which she had given up to 
 his disposal, 551. Visited by Charles the si.xth, 
 king of France, ii. 440. Dies at Auygnon, 604. 
 
 Cleremont, the cardynall of, elected pope under the 
 
 name of Innocent 'the sixth, i. 183. 
 ■ • lord John, slain at the battle of Poycters, 
 
 i. 198. 
 lord Robert of, killed in the palays of 
 
 Parys, i. 215. 
 the town of, in Beauuoysyn, taken by the 
 
 captall of Buz (Buch), i. 227. 
 Ciercttes, the lord of, goes to England as a hostage 
 
 for John, king of France, i. 264. 
 Clergy, the, their manners in the time of Froissart, ii. 
 
 130. 
 C'lerke, Arnolde, one of the commaiidcis of the men 
 
 of Gaunt, defeats a party of the Flemish nobility 
 at Andwarpe, i. 632. Defeated and slain at the 
 Abbey of Chem (Berchem), 633. 
 Clesquy, Sir Bertram of (Sir Bertrand du Guesclin), 
 appointed commander of the French forces in 
 Normandy, i. 280. Assists the lord of Bouce- 
 quaut in the taking of Maunte, &c. 281. Defeats 
 the forces of the king of Nauer at the battle of 
 Cocherell, 285. Obtains possession of the castle 
 of Rolcboyse, 290. Goes to the assistance of Sir 
 Charles of Bloys, 294. Taken prisoner at the 
 battle of Ahoy, 300. Ransomed, 308. Leads 
 an army into Spayne, 308. Appointed constable 
 of Caslyle, 311. (iocs to the assistance of Henry, 
 king of Castyle, against Don Peter and the prince 
 of Wales, 332. Taken prisoner at the battle of 
 Nauaret, 341. Obtains his ransom, 348. Joins 
 king Henry before Toledo, 353. Again appointed 
 constable of Castyle, 357. Joins the duke of 
 Aniou in an expedition against the prince of Wales, 
 413. Invades the country of Lymoges, 419. 
 Takes the town of Yrier, 422. Appointed con- 
 stable of France, 425. Defeats the forces of Sir 
 Robert Canoll (Knolles), at Pont Valont, 426. 
 Takes the city of Duses in Auuergne, 434. Takes 
 the castle of Montmorillon and several other 
 places in Poyctou, 446 et seq. Heads an army 
 against Bretayne, 463. Takes the t«wn of Reynes 
 and several others, 464 et seq. Sent with a large 
 army against the king of Nauer, 486. Makes war 
 on Bretayne, 544. Is displeased by the execution 
 of his cousin, Syluester Budes, 552. Dies at 
 Auuergne, 583. The etymology of his name, ii. 
 269. 
 Clesquy (Guesclin), Sir Olyuer of, taken prisoner by 
 
 the garrison of Chierbourg, i. 487, 528. 
 Clesquyn, Sir Olyuer. See Clysson. 
 St Cloud, tlie town of, burned by the English under 
 king Edward the third, i. 150. 
 
 . the battle of, between the English and the 
 
 Parysians, i. 220. 
 Clysson, Sir Garnyer (Walter) of, slain at Brest by 
 the erle of Mountfort, i. 87. 
 
 the lord of, taken prisoner at Vannes, i. 1 17. 
 
 Exchanged for lord Staftbrde, 120. Beheaded at 
 Parys, 120. 
 
 — Sir Olyuer of, loses an eye at the battle of 
 
 Ahoy, i. 300. Besieges the town of Bercerell, 462. 
 Besieges Roche sur Youe, 465. Takes the town 
 of Dynant, 574. Appointed constable of France, 
 583. Counsels king Charles the sixth to make vi- 
 gorous war in England, ii. 33. Causes four host- 
 ages for the castle of Duriuall to be executed, 57. 
 Besieges Brest, 113. His fleet dispersed by a 
 storm on his voyage to Sluys to join the armament 
 of the king of France, 197. Takes measures for 
 obtaining the liberation of John of Bretayne from 
 England, 211. ISIarries him to his daughter, 213. 
 Makes preparations to invade England, 246. 
 Treacherously arrested by the duke of Bretayne at 
 the castle of Armyne, 250. Obtains lus liberty. 
 
16 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 255. Complains to tlie king of France of the con- 
 duct of the duke of Bretayne, and tenders his re- 
 signation of the office of constable, '256. Retires 
 to Mount le Herry, 257. Takes the towns of St. 
 Malo and St. Mathieu of Fyne Poterne, 358. 
 His castles, delivered to the duke of Bretaync for 
 his ransom, restored to him, 363. Severely wound- 
 ed by Sir Peter Craon, who had intended to mur- 
 der him, 562. Incurs the hatred and suspicions 
 of the dukes of Berrey and Burgoyne on account 
 of his wealth, 568. Insulted by the duke of Bur- 
 goyne, 580. Retires from Parys to avoid the con- 
 sequences of his hatred, 580. Summoned before 
 the parliament of Parys, 585. Does not appear, 
 and is heavily fined and declared to be dispossessed 
 of his office of constable, 585. Refuses to deli- 
 ver up the martell or staff, 595. Wages a violent 
 warfare against the duke of Bretayne, 595. Makes 
 peace with him, 635. 
 
 Cocesy on the Downes, the town of, burned by the 
 English under the erle of Arundell, ii. 218. 
 
 Cocherell, the battle of, in Normandy, between the 
 French and the Naueroyse, i. 285. 
 
 Coin of gold, called Florence of the Lambe, issued 
 in France, and all other coin prohibited, i. 
 185. 
 
 Coloyne, Sir Robert of, slain in a skirmish between 
 Sir Robert of Namure and the French, i. 396. 
 
 Combats. See Deeds of arms. 
 
 Comercy, the castle of, taken and destroyed by Sir 
 Bartylmewe de Bonnes, i. 250. 
 
 Commission of Edward the third, king of England, 
 to his governors and allies in France, requiring 
 them to observe the peace between England and 
 France, i. 261. 
 
 Commissioners sent from England to France to ex- 
 ecute the conditions of peace between the two 
 countries, i. 265. 
 
 appointed, at the request of the Lon- 
 doners, &c. to examine into the management of the 
 finances, &.c. under Richard the second, ii. 277. 
 Commit Sir Symon Burley to the Tower, 279. 
 Condemn him to death, 281. Appoint a new 
 council for the king, 282. 
 
 Companions, the, numerous bands of armed adven- 
 turers, under Sir Robert CanoU and other expert 
 commanders, over-run and pillage various places in 
 France, &c. and hire themselves as mercenaries to 
 the powers at war, i. 214 ef seq. 
 
 Comporsels (Porkers), of Respaile, a set of pillagers 
 so called, commit great depredations in Flaunders, 
 ii. 1. 
 
 Comynges, the lord of. See Goramegynes. 
 
 Concarneau, the town of. See Koucke. 
 
 Conches, the town of, taken by the French under the 
 lord Coucy, i. 516. 
 
 Conclaue of cardynalls at Rome, whilst electing a 
 pope, on the death of Gregory the eleventh, forced 
 by the populace, i. 510. 
 
 Condose (Condom), surrenders to the duke of Aniou, 
 i. 476. 
 
 Conflan, Sir Rafe of, dies of fatigue before Aufryke, 
 ii. 509. 
 
 ConHans, the lord of, killed in the palays of Parys, i. 
 215. 
 
 Conhue, king of Cheueno and Darpe (O'Connor, 
 king of Connaught ?), submits himself to Richard 
 the second, king of England, ii. 620. Knighted 
 by him, 622. 
 
 Couiecte (Nissar), the town of, in Turkey, taken by 
 storm by the combined Christian armies, under 
 the king of Hungary and John of Burgoyne, ii. 
 647. 
 
 Connay, the castle of, in Normandy, besieged by 
 the duke of Burgoyne, i. 292. Surrenders, 293. 
 
 Conquest, the castle of, taken by Sir Charles of Bloys, 
 i. 104. Retaken the next day by Sir Walter Man- 
 ny, 105. 
 
 Constable of France, the, taken prisoner in Cane by 
 king Edward the third, i. 149. 
 
 Constance, the lady, daughter of Peter, king of Cas- 
 tyle, married to the duke of Laucastre, i. 437. 
 
 Constances (Coutances), the battle of, between the 
 forces under the lord Godfrey of Harcourt and the 
 lord Loys of Rauenall, i. 209. 
 
 Constantyne le Noble (Constantinople), the emperour 
 of, subdued by the great Tacon (Cham) of Tarta- 
 rie, ii. 124. Gives his daughter to the Tacon in 
 marriage, 124. 
 
 Conuall, the castle of, in Rabestan, stormed and taken 
 by the French under Sir Gualtier of Passac, ii. 
 118. 
 
 Copeland, John, takes David, king of Scotland, pri- 
 soner at the battle near Newcastell, i. I66. Is 
 rewarded by king Edward the third at Calais, I66. 
 Delivers the king of Scotland to the queen of Eng- 
 land, by order of king Edward, 167. 
 
 Corasse, Raymon lord of, served by a familiar spirit 
 called Orthone, ii. 110. Commtinicates the cir- 
 cumstance to the erle of Foiz, 111. By means of 
 his familiar, gives the erle quick intelligence of 
 events abroad. 111. Frightens Orthone, who en- 
 tirely quits him, 112. His death, 113. 
 
 Corby, Sir Raynalt of, one of the council of Charles 
 the sixth, king of France, advises him to receive 
 the proposal of marriage for his daughter made by 
 Richard the second, king of England, ii. 625. 
 
 Corque (Courch), the town of, in Armony, taken 
 and kept by the Genouoys against the Turks, ii. 
 694. 
 
 Couborne, the castle of, in Lymosyn, taken by Bri- 
 gands, i. 177. 
 
 Coucy, Sir Ingram (Inquerrant), lord of, goes to 
 England as a hostage for John, king of France, i. 
 264. 
 
 the lord of, erle of Soissons, travels to avoid 
 
 taking any part in the wars between the kings of 
 France and England, i. 405. Leads a large army 
 into Austryche (Austria), 481. Returns without 
 having effected any thing, 482. Takes the town 
 of Carentyne, &c. 516. Takes the town of Eu- 
 reux, 522. Appointed to the chief command in 
 
INDEX. 
 
 17 
 
 Picardy, 585. Appeases the insurgents of Parys, 
 664. Endeavours to gain over the duke of Bre- 
 tayne to the French interest, ii. 361. Married to 
 the daughter of the duke of Lorayne, 408. Ac- 
 companies the lord Loys of Aniou, king of Cycell, 
 &c. into Aragon, 437. Refuses to accept the of- 
 6ceof constable of France after the disgrace of Sir 
 Olyuer of Clysson, ,59'}. Goes on a mission to 
 Geane, 638. Goes with the expedition under 
 John of Burgoyne against tlie Turks, 658. De- 
 feats a large Turkish force near Nycopoly, 654. 
 Taken prisoner by the Turks at the battle of Ny- 
 copoly, 671. Dies at Bursa, in Turkey, 693. 
 
 Coucy, the lady, an attendant upon the queen of king 
 Richard the second, sent back to France by the 
 duke of Lancastre after the arrest of the king, ii. 
 747. Informs Charles the sixth of the state of af- 
 fairs in England, 755. 
 
 the lord RaoU of, taken prisoner by the 
 
 prince of Wales near Poycters, i. 193 ; and again at 
 Mauconsell, 224. 
 
 Coudune, the lord Anthony of, taken prisoner before 
 Mauconsell, i. 224. 
 
 Coulongne, the seignory of, ceded to Edward the 
 third, king of England, i. 257- 
 
 Council of state, a new one appointed for king Ri- 
 chard the second, by the commissioners of ac- 
 counts, ii. 282. 
 
 Courase, Sir Raymon of, killed at the battle of Ju- 
 beroth, ii. IO6. 
 
 Courtisyen, the lord of, entertains the English at 
 Gaunt, i. 44 ; which (jffends king Pliilyp, and he 
 causes him to be beheaded by the erle of Flaun- 
 ders, i. 44. 
 
 Courtney, Sir Peter, complains to the countess of St. 
 Poule that no knight in France would do arms 
 with him, ii. 444. Challenged to a deed of arms 
 by the lord Clary, and wounded, 445. 
 
 Sir Philyp, taken prisoner at Pont Valont 
 
 by Sir Bertram of Clesquy, i. 426. 
 
 Courtray, the town of, pillaged of its cattle by the 
 men of Tourney, i. 64. Forms an alliance with 
 the men of Gaunt, 566. Turns to the interest of 
 the erle of Flaunders, 625. Besieged by the men 
 of Gaunt under Peter de Boyse, 631. Returns 
 to the interest of the men of Gaunt, 698. Burned 
 by order of Charles the sixth, king of Fraace, 
 741. 
 
 Courtyse, the castle of, taken by the English under 
 the chanon Robersarde, i. 675. 
 
 Cousay, Sir Ayme of, dies of fatigue before Anfryke, 
 ii. 509. 
 
 Coygne, Sir John Lawrence of (Lorenzo d'Acunha), 
 goes to Castyle, and his wife is married hi his ab- 
 sence by Ferrande, king of Portyngale, ii. 138. 
 Returns to Portyngale, 142. Is captain of Lys- 
 bone, and slain there in a skirmish, 144. 
 
 the Ponase of (Pouvasse d'Acunha), slain at 
 
 the battle of Juberoth, ii. 154. 
 
 Craell, the town of, taken by the king of Nauer, i. 
 223. 
 
 Craon, the lord of, taken prisoner by the prince of 
 Wales at Remorentyne, i. 192. 
 
 Sir Peter, accused of defrauding the king of 
 
 Cycyll, ii. 532. In great favour at the court of 
 France, 532. Betrays the confidence of the duke 
 of Thourayne, 534. Ordered to quit the court, 
 534. Retires into Bretayne, 535. Projects the 
 assassination of Sir Olyuer of Clysson, 560. Way- 
 lays him at Parys, but fails in killing him, 562. 
 Three of his adherents taken and executed, 566. 
 Is protected by the duke of Bretayne, 566. Makes 
 his peace with the kuig of France, 635. Goes to 
 Parys, 636. Prosecuted in the parliament of 
 Parys by the duchess of Aniou, 636. Appointed 
 to receive the English ambassadours, 642. Judg- 
 ment being given against him by the parli;iment, 
 he is ci'mmitted to prison, 643. Obtains his li- 
 berty, 667. Accompanies Henry, erle of Derby, 
 into England, 741. 
 
 Credo, the castle of, in Bretayne, taken by Sir Ber- 
 tram of Clesquy, i. 464. 
 
 Cressy burned by the English, i. 54. 
 
 the battle of, between Edward the third, king 
 
 of England, and Philyp of Valoys, king of FVance, 
 i. 157. The English number the slain after having 
 gained a signal victory, I6O. 
 
 Cressyn (Tressin), the bridge of, ill success of Sir 
 WiJlyam Baylleull in a skirmish near there, i. 79- 
 Tiie French defeated there in a skirmish, 83. 
 
 Creuyn, Roger de, takes measures for procuring peace 
 to the town of Gaunt, ii. 34. 
 
 Crey, Sir John of, dies of fatigue before Aufrvke, ii. 
 509. 
 
 Croquart, a page, turns brigand, his adventures and 
 death, i. 178 et seq. 
 
 Crotay, the town of, taken by king Edward the third, 
 i. 154. Retaken by Sir Hewe of Chastellon, 
 368. 
 
 Crox or Croyse (Croix), Sir Vauflart de la, defeated 
 in a skirmish before Lysle, i. 64 ; and at the bridge 
 of Cressyn, where he is taken prisoner, 79- Put 
 to death at Lysle by order of the king of Fiance, 
 80. 
 
 Croysey (Croisade), a, preached against the Saracens, 
 i. 40 ; also against the Companions, by pope Inno- 
 cent the seventh, 27 1 • One undertaken by king 
 Richard the second against the adherents to pope 
 Clement, 753. 
 
 Culpedup (Copeland), Sir John of, taken prisoner by 
 the Scots at the battle of Ottenbourge, ii. 400. 
 
 Cursone, Sir John, taken prisoner in the sea-fight off 
 Rochelle, i. 442. 
 
 D. 
 
 Dabegny, the lord, escapes with Philyp, king of 
 France, and four other barons, after the battle of 
 Cressy, i. 159' 
 
 Dacenes, the lord of, slain at the battle of Alroy, i. 
 301. 
 
 Dadudane (Aberdeen), the bysshope of, taken pri- 
 
18 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 soner by the English at the battle near Newcastell, 
 i. 166. 
 Dagorne (Dagvvorth), Sir Thomas, sent into Bre- 
 tayne to the assistance of the countess of Mount- 
 fort, i. 122. Taken prisoner before Rochedarien, 
 171. Killed in Bretayne, 182. 
 Dalbreth, the lord Charles, his birth, i. 360. Is 
 granted by king Charles the sixth the arms of 
 France as an augme.itation of his own arms, ii. 
 457- Sent to England to visit Isabell, the queen 
 of Richard the second, during her husband's im- 
 prisonment, 757. 
 
 Sir Perducas, the lord of, is engaged by 
 
 the prince of Wales to assist him with one thousand 
 men in his expedition against Spayne, i. 319. 
 Takes offence at the conduct of the prince, 324. 
 His letter in answer to the prince's, 324. Joins 
 the prince in Nauer, 327. Marries the lady Isa- 
 bell of Burbon, 350. Complains to the king of 
 France of a tax the prince of Wales was about to 
 impose upon himself and the other lords of Gas- 
 cony, Sol. Returns to the interest of the prince 
 of Wales, 380. Receives the investiture of the 
 lands of Chaumont, 708. His death, 709. 
 Dalkeith, the castle of. .See Alquest. 
 Damartyn, the erle of, slain at the battle of Poycters, 
 
 i. 202. 
 Damassene, the castle of, taken by the erle of Derby, 
 
 i. 135. Retaken by the duke of Normandy, 142. 
 Dambretycourt, Sir Eustace, hospitably receives queen 
 Isabell of England after she had Hed from Paiys, 
 i. 8. Strikes the first blow at the battle of Poyc- 
 ters and is taken prisoner, 198. Rescued by his 
 own men, 1 99. Commands in Champayne, 233. 
 Marries the lady Isabell of Julyers, 233. De- 
 feated and taken prisoner at the battle of Nogent, 
 235. Obtains his freedom, and takes several towns 
 in Champayne, 238. Takes the town of Achery 
 on the Esne in Picardy, 248. Commits great de- 
 vastations in Picardy, &,c. 252. Joins the prince 
 of Wales, 376. Made prisoner in Lyniousyu 
 and ransomed, 427. Dies at Carenten in Nor- 
 mandy, 427. 
 
 Sir John, on his return from Galyce 
 
 goes to Paris to perform a deed of arms with the 
 lord Bouciqualt, ii. 308. 
 Dampelen, Sir Loys, taken prisoner in a skirmish at 
 
 the bridge of Cressyn, i. 79. 
 Dampmartyne, the erle of, resists the dukes of Ber- 
 rey and Burgoyne in their attempts to break off the 
 marriage of his daughter with the son of the lord 
 de la Ryuer, ii. 583. 
 Dampmary taken by Sir Eustace Dambretycourt, i. 
 
 239. 
 Dannaument (Dampmaire), captured at the battle of 
 
 Poycters, i. 202. 
 Dancenys (D'Ancennes), Sir Willyam, informs Frois- 
 sart of the etymology of Sir Bertram Clesquy's 
 name, and of the reception of the king of France's 
 messengers by the duke of Bretayne, ii. 270. 
 Danchyn, Peter, takes the town and castle of Ortaise, 
 
 ii. 51. Sells them for eight thousand frankes, 
 52. 
 Dandrehen, Sir Arnolde, taken prisoner at Xaynton, 
 i. 182; and at the battle of Poycters, 198. Ad- 
 vises Henry, king of Castyle, not to hazard a battle 
 with the prince of Wales, 334. Taken prisoner 
 at the battle of Nauaret, 34 1. Becomes super- 
 annuated, 386. 
 Danekyn, Sir Baudewyn, taken prisoner in a skirmish 
 
 near St. Quintyne, i. 247. 
 Danghien, the lord Water, defeats the White-hattes 
 at Chem (Bercheni), i. 633. Takes the town of 
 Grauntniont, in Flaunders, for the erle, 659. Slain 
 before Gaunt, 659. 
 Dangle, Sir Guychart, appointed marsliall of Guyene, 
 i. 274. Sent on a mission by the prince of Wales 
 to pope Vrbane at Rome, and returns to France 
 through Acquitayne in disguise, 366. Created a 
 knight of the garter, 439. Taken by the Spaniards 
 in the sea battle off Rochell, 442. Ransomed, 
 474. Appointed tutor to king Richard the second, 
 483. Created erle of Huntyngdon, 483. Dies 
 at London, 584, 655. 
 Dangyers ( D'Angers), Sir Aubert, drowned on board 
 the French fleet at sea in attempting a feat of agi- 
 lity, ii. 6. 
 Danne (Damme), the town of, forms an alliance with 
 the men of Gaunt, i. 567. Taken by the men of 
 Gaunt, 697. ii. 14. Besieged by the king of 
 France, 15. Taken and binned, 18. 
 Dantoigne, Sir Henry, of Heynault, taken prisoner 
 by the Turks at the battle of Nycopoly, and put to 
 death afterwards, ii. 672. 
 Danycis (Danvilliers), Peter, takes prisoner the cap- 
 tall of Benfz at Soubise, i. 452. Receives a large 
 reward from the French king, 456, 
 Daraynes, Sir Lionel, taken prisoner by the English 
 
 at Lyques, i. 477. 
 Dardenbourg, the town of. See Ardenbourge. 
 Dardenbourke, Jaques, takes measures for procuring 
 
 peace to the men of Ciaunt, ii. 34. 
 Daitmouth, the town of, burned by the French, i. 
 
 484. 
 Dartuell, Jaques (Jacob von Artaveld), a citizen of 
 Gaunt, governs all Flaunders, i. 43. Engages to 
 befriend Edward the tliird, king of England, in his 
 designs against France, 44. Sends ambassadours 
 to king Edward, to invite him over to Flaunders, 
 46. Sends large reinforcements to the erle of 
 Heynault before Thyne Leuesque, 70. Declares 
 at Valencennes the right of Edward the third to the 
 crown of France, 73. Arrives at Tourney with 
 sixty thousand men to assist in the siege, 75. At- 
 tempts to disinherit the erle of Flaunders, and to 
 give the country to the king of England, 136. 
 Murdered at Gaunt, 138. 
 
 (von Artaveld), Philyp, son of the above, ap- 
 
 pointed go\ernor of Gaunt, i. 636. Causes twelve 
 of those who were the occasion of his father's death 
 to be beheaded, 658. Kills Sir Symon Bette, 
 662. Goes to Tourney to treat for peace witii 
 
INDEX. 
 
 19 
 
 the erle of Flaunders, 686. Harangues the peo- 
 ple of Gaunt, touching the erie's terms for peace, 
 689. Leads the men of Gaunt to'attack the erle 
 of Flaunders at Bruges, 69O. Defeats the erle, 
 and takes Bruges, 692. Returns to Gaunt, and 
 lives in great state, 699. Besieges Andwarpe, 
 701, 706. Writes to the king of France to solicit 
 his interference to make peace between the country 
 of Flaunders and the erle, 707. His letters treated 
 with contempt, 707. Imprisons a messenger from 
 the king of France, 712. His answer to the let- 
 ters he had brought him, 712. Takes measures to 
 guard the passes of the country against the army of 
 tlie king of France, 7 1 6. Collects a force after 
 the defeat of Peter de Boyse to oppose the king of 
 FVance in person, 732. Is alarmed the night be- 
 fore the battle of Rosebeque by strange noises, 
 7^3. Defeated and slain at the battle of Rose- 
 beque, 739. 
 
 Dastredare, the erle, slain by the English at the battle 
 near Newcastell, i. 166. 
 
 Dauugour (D'Avaugour), the lord, slain at the battle 
 of Alroy, i. 301. 
 
 Daubecueyll (Aubenchcul), the town of, taken and 
 burned by the erle of Heynault, i. 63. 
 
 Dauberoth, the town of. .See Auberoche. 
 
 Dauterne, Roger, baily of Gaunt, murdered there by 
 the White-hattes, i. 560. 
 
 Sir Olyuer, revenges the death of Roger 
 
 Dauterne by maiming the mariners of Gaunt, i. 
 578. Banished from Flaunders by the erle, 580. 
 
 Dautryche (Utrecht), the town of, taken by the erle 
 of Heynault, i. 138. 
 
 Dautryne, Sir Lyonet (Sir Lionel Daultry), taken 
 prisoner in Bretayne, i. 471. 
 
 David, the second, king of Scotland, marries Johan, 
 sister of Edward the third, king of England, i. 30. 
 Retires to France, 47. Enters into an alliance 
 with king Philyp, 48. Returns, after seven years 
 residence in France, to Scotland, 95. Assembles 
 an army to invade England, 95. Takes and burns 
 the town of Durham, 96. Besieges Werk castle, 
 96. Returns to Scotland, 98. Invades England 
 a second time, 165. Defeated by the queen of 
 England, and taken prisoner near Newcastell, I66. 
 Sent to the Tower of London, 167. Liberated 
 by a treaty of peace, 211. Allies himself to 
 France, S69. Enters into a truce with England, 
 415. His death, 462. 
 
 Dayre, John, a citizen of Calais, his patriotic con- 
 duct during the siege of that city by king Edward 
 the third, i. 175. 
 
 Dayzay, Sir Guy, endeavours to prevent the Compa- 
 nions re-entering France from Castyle, i. 320. 
 Defeated and taken at the battle of Montaubon, 
 3^2. 
 
 Death, miraculous, of an English squire who had 
 committed sacrilege in the church of Ronay in 
 Champayne, i. 237. 
 
 of a sacrilegious Breton in St. 
 
 John's Church at Bourbourc, i. 778. 
 
 Vot, II. 5 H 
 
 Deeds of arms, at Mons, at a noble feast given by 
 the erle of Heynault, i. 85. At London, against 
 all comers, ordained by king Edward the third out 
 of affection for the countess of Salisbury, 111. 
 Before Reyncs, between Sir Nycholas Dagorne, 
 an English knight, and Sir Bertrande of Glesquyre, 
 a French knight, 212. At Auygnon, before John, 
 king of France, between Sir Aymon of Pommiers 
 and Sir Fouques of Archiac, 275. At Noyon, 
 during the siege, by Sir John Assueton singly 
 against several knights, 417- At Tourey and Mar- 
 cheaunoy, before the erle of Buckingham, between 
 Joachym Cathore, an English squire, and Gawen 
 Mychaell, a French squire, 596, 598. At Vannes, 
 before the erle of Buckingham, between several 
 French and English knights and squires, 615 et 
 se(j. At the castle of Josselyn, before Sir Olyuer 
 of Clysson, between Nycholas Clyfforde, an Eng- 
 lish squire, and John Boucmeli, a French squire, 
 620. Before the city of Vale de I^re (Badajos), be- 
 tween Sir Myles Wyndsore, an English knight, and 
 Sir Tristram de Roy, a French knight, 68 1 . At 
 Cambray, before Charles the si.xth and his court, 
 in honour of the marriage of the children of the 
 dukes of Burgoyne and Bauier, 795. At Parjs, 
 before the king and his court, in mortal combat, 
 ordained by the parliament, between Sir John of 
 Carongne and Jaques le Grys, ii. 203. AtBour- 
 deaux, before the senescliall, between the lord of 
 Rouchfoucaulte and Sir Willyam Mountferant, 
 209. At Besances, before the king of Portjiigale 
 and the duke and duchess of Lancastre, between 
 Sir John Hollande and Sir Raynold du Roy, 233. 
 At Moustreau ou faulte yon (Montereau sur 
 Yonne), before the king of France and his nobles, 
 between Sir Thomas Harpyngham and Sir John 
 of Barres, 372. At Bourdeaux, before the duke 
 of Lancastre, between five English knights and irve 
 French knights, 423. At Parys, before the court 
 for four days, in honour of the public entry of Isa- 
 bell of Bauier, queen of Charles the sixth, 435. 
 Near Calais, between the lord of Clary and Sir 
 Peter Courtney, an English knight, 445. Near 
 St. Ingylbertes, for thirty days, at which the king 
 of France is present iu cogtiito, on the challenge 
 of Sir Bouciquaut the younger, Sir Raynolde of 
 Roye, and the lorde of St. Pye against all comers, 
 467. In Smithfield, for three days, against all 
 comers, ordained by king Richard the second, 511. 
 At Wyndsore, before king Richard the second, 
 against all comers, which, on account of his unpo- 
 pularity, is thinly attended, 733. At Oxford, by 
 the erle of Huntyngdon, in furtherance of a plot 
 against king Henry the fourth, 759. 
 
 De la Payx (Diuazzo), the lord Charles, defends the 
 kingdom of Naples against the pretensions of the 
 duke of Aniou, 1. 67 1. Put to death in Hungary, 
 ii. 10. 
 
 Delbarw-yn, the loril, slain at the battle of Rosebeque, 
 i. 738. 
 
 Delle, Sir John, negociates a peace between the 
 
20 
 
 I N D E X. 
 
 men of Gaunt and the duke of Burgoyne, ii. 34. 
 Dendremonde, the town of. See Teremonde. 
 Denoyr, Sir Henry, taken prisoner in the castle of 
 
 Comercy, i. 250. 
 Denyce, St., the town of, pillaged by the troops of 
 the king of Nauer, i. i'Z'Z. 
 
 king of Portyngale. See John (grand master 
 
 of Avis), king, &.C. 
 Deputations from the different towns of England wait 
 on king Richard the second at Wyndsore to lay 
 their grievances before him, and to demand redress, 
 ii. 276. 
 Derby, the erle of, appointed to the command of a 
 large army to go into Gascone, i. 122. Takes 
 Bergerath and several other places in Gascone, 8cc. 
 123 et seq. 
 
 Henry erle of, son of John of Gaunt, duke of 
 
 Lancastre, appointed the lieutenant of his father 
 during his absence in Spayne, ii. 157. His chil- 
 dren, 588. Challenged by the erle marshall of 
 England in the presence of the king, 712. Ba- 
 nished the kingdom, 7 1 6. Arrives at Paris, 719- 
 Goes into mourning for his father's death, 728. 
 [For subsequent particulars of this prince, see Lan- 
 castre, Henry, duke of.] 
 
 mayster John, receyuour of Lyncolue, executed 
 
 in London for having counselled king Richard the 
 second to put to death the duke of Glocestre, ii. 
 749. 
 Dergesy, Sir Lyger, taken prisoner by the French, i. 
 
 613. 
 Derne (la Rue ?), the town of, taken by Sir Hewe 
 
 Chastellon, i. 368. 
 Descoux, hi Heynault, burned by the duke of Nor- 
 mandy, i. 68 
 Despencer, the lord See Spencer. 
 Destomaye, the lord, takes the town of Andwarpe 
 
 Oudenarde, i. 790. 
 Deure, Sir John Radigo. .See Eure. 
 Deureux, Sir John, takes the castle of Duses, in 
 Auuergne, i. 434. Taken prisoner by Sir Ber- 
 tram of Clesquv at the battle of Svreth (Civray), 
 460. 
 Deureux, the countie of, over-riui, and all its castles 
 and fortresses destroyed by Sir Bertram of Clesquy, 
 i. 487. 
 Dilguares (Alvarez), don, brother of the great prior 
 of St. John's, slain at the battle of Jiiberoth, ii. 
 153. 
 Dinereth (Djmoke), a knight, at the coronation of 
 Henry the fourth, king of England, challenges all 
 knights, &c. who would deny the king's right, ii. 
 754. 
 Dissensions at York between the archers of England 
 
 and the Heynaulters, i. 16. 
 Dolyferne, Agadingor, a Sarazyn knight at Aufryke, 
 son to the duke of Olyferne, remarkable for his 
 chivalrous feats, ii. 502. Challenges ten of the 
 French army to a combat with ten Sarazyns, 
 507. 
 
 Dome, the town of, besieged by the English under 
 
 Sir John Chandos, i. 38 1 . 
 Donde ( Dundee), the town of, burned by king Richard 
 
 the second, ii. 28. 
 Dorchies (Orchies), the town of, taken and burned by 
 
 the erle of Heynault, i. 75. 
 Doubles (Doublet), Olyuer, beheaded at Roan, i. 188. 
 Douffrenilyn (Dumfermline), destroyed by king Ed- 
 ward the third, i. 38. 
 Douzanche(Donzack), Sir Raymond of, killed at the 
 
 battle of Juberoth, ii. 106. 
 Dovvaye (Aunay), the castle of, taken by the duke of 
 
 Berrey, i. 454. 
 Dreams, remarkable, of Charles the sixth, king of 
 
 France, i. 705. Of Sir Peter of Bierne, ii. 77. 
 Drewe, the castle of, taken by the duke of Burgoyne, 
 
 i. 292. 
 Driceham (Dixmude), the castle of, taken by the 
 
 bysshop of Norwich, i. 760. Retaken by the king 
 
 of France, 778. 
 Drowe, the town of, surrenders to the duke of Anion, 
 
 i. 476. 
 Duels. See Deeds of arms. 
 Duffle, Sir Henry, killed in Flaunders, i. 717- 
 Duglas, Sir Archambalt, wields an enormous sword, 
 
 and fights with great bravery under Sir Willyam 
 
 Lyndsay against the English, i. 507. Is a bastard, 
 
 ii. 404. 
 lord William (James), departs for the Holy 
 
 Land, to fulfil the request of Robert Bruse, king 
 
 of Scotland, i. 29. Killed in Spayne fighting 
 
 against the Sarazyns, 30. 
 
 James erle of, welcomes the French forces 
 
 at Edenborowe, destined for the invasion of Eng- 
 land, ii. 7. Invades England widi a large force, 
 390. Fights hand to hand with Sir Henry Percy 
 before Newcastell and takes his pennon, 393. 
 Slain at the battle of Ottenbourge (Otterbourne), 
 397. Buried at Nimay (Melrose), 404. 
 the erle John, slain at the battle near New- 
 castell, i. 166. 
 
 lord Willyam, lakes the castle of Edenborowe 
 
 by stratagem, 1 77. Taken prisoner at the battle 
 near Newcasttll, i. 1 66. 
 
 Dulcen (Duren or Durban), the castle of, in Nar- 
 bone, taken by brigands, ii. 206. Retaken by the 
 Aragonese under Sir Raymon of Baghes, 208. 
 
 Dunbar, Patrick erle of. .See Patrys, the erle. 
 
 Dunce (Danube), the river, described, ii. 646. 
 
 Dunkyrke, the town of, surrenders to Charles the 
 sixth, king of France, i. 7.'iO. Retaken by the 
 bysshop of Norwich, 759- 'i'aken a second time 
 by the king of France, 778. 
 
 Duracli, Sir Raymonde, slain at the battle of Jube- 
 roth, ii. 154. 
 
 Duras, the lord Robert of, slain at the battle of 
 Poycters, i. 199. 
 
 the lord, taken prisoner by the French at the 
 
 battle of Yuret, i. 494. Turns to the French 
 interest, 496 ; but quits it afterwards, 496. 
 
INDEX. 
 
 21 
 
 Durus, the town of, taken by storm by the duke of 
 Antou, i. 499. The castle surrenders, and is razed, 
 499. 
 
 Durham, the bysshop of, takes Sir James Lmsay pri- 
 soner, ii. 402. 10. 
 
 the city of, taken and destroyed by the hcots, 
 
 i. 96. 
 
 Duriuall (Derval), the castle of, besieged by Sir Ber- 
 tram of Clesquy, i. 465. Relieved by Sir Robert 
 CanoUe, 468. ' ^ „ , ■ 
 
 Dury, Rabygoyse of, takes the town of Barley, 1. 
 '224. 
 
 Duses, the city of, taken by Sir John Deureux, i. 
 434. Surrenders to Sir Bertram of Clesquy, 
 
 434. 
 Duzesj the crle, taken prisoner by the Companions, 
 
 called the Late-comers, i. 270. 
 Dyenne (Didonne), the castle of, surrenders to Sir 
 
 Bertram of Clesquy, i. 46 1 . 
 Dygares, Don Dygo, brother of the great master of 
 
 Calest'rane, slain at the battle of Juberoth, ii. 
 
 153. . , 
 
 Dyghos (Vigo ?), the town of, in Galyce, taken by the 
 
 forces of the duke of Lancastre, ii. 186. 
 Dygomor (Diego Moro), Sir, killed at the battle of 
 
 Juberoth, ii. 107. 
 Dynan, Sir Charles of, slain at the battle of Alroy, 1. 
 
 301. , . 
 
 Dynant, the town of, in Bretayne, taken by the forces 
 
 of Sir Charles of Bloys, i. 105. Taken by the 
 
 English under king Edward the third, 117. Sur- 
 renders to the lord John of Mountfort, 304. 
 
 Taken by Sir Bertram of Clesquy, 464. Taken 
 
 by Sir Olyuer of Clysson, 574. 
 Dyscouourte, Sir Raynolde, killed by order of the 
 
 duke of Guerles, ii. 328. 
 
 E. 
 
 Ebreton (Emerton), Sir Thomas, taken prisoner m 
 Bretavne, i. 471. 
 
 Edenborowe, the town of, taken by Edward the third, 
 kin'^ of England, i. 38. Retaken by stratagem by 
 Sir°VVillyam Duglas, 77. Its state in Froissart's 
 time, ii. 7. Entirely destroyed by king Richard 
 the second, 27. 
 
 Edward, St. king of England, his arms borne by king 
 Richard the second in his expedition into Ireland, 
 ii. 623. 
 
 the first, king of England, his character and 
 
 successes, i. 3. Dies at Berwyke, 39. His sin- 
 gular request on his death-btd, 40. 
 
 the second, his characler, i. 3. His fannly 
 
 relations, 3. Influenced in his government by Sir 
 Hewe Spencer, 4. Shuts himself up in Bris- 
 towe against the queen and her party, 10. Taken 
 prisoner by them in endeavouring to escape by sea, 
 12. Cintined in Barkely caslle, 12. Publicly 
 deposed and sentenced by the people of England 
 to be imprisoned during his life, 14. His death, 
 
 27. 
 
 . the third, son of the above, when at Valen- 
 
 5 H 2 
 
 ciennes with his mother, queen Isabell, courts Plii- 
 lyppe, the daughter of the erle of Heynault, i. 8. 
 His coronation, 14. Receives a defiance from 
 Robert Bruse, king of Scotland, 15. Leads a 
 large army to oppose the invasion of the Scots, 18. 
 Returns, 26. Marries the lady Philyppe of Hey- 
 nault 27. Enters into a truce with the Scots, 27. 
 Does homage to the king of France for the duchy 
 of Guyen, .'•14. Demands homage of the king of 
 Scotland, 37. Raises an army to invade Scotland, 
 38. Takes Eilenborowe and several other places, 
 38 et sefj. Returns to England, 39. Takes mea- 
 sures to make war on the king of France, 41. So- 
 licits the friendsliip of the Flemings, 43. Passes 
 over to Flaunders, and makes great alliances in the 
 empire, 46. Appointed vicar-general of the em- 
 pire of Almayne (Germany), 47- Sends his defi- 
 ance, with those of his allies, to the king of France, 
 49. Besieges Cambray, 5 1 . Marches into France, 
 53. Returns to Heynault, 58. Returns to Eng- 
 land, 59. Sails with a large armament for Flaun- 
 ders, 72. Defeats the French at sea, 72. Ar- 
 rives at Gaunt, 73. Besieges Tourney, 75. En- 
 ters into a truce with France, and returns to Eng- 
 land, 85. Receives the homage of the lord John 
 of Mountfort for the duihy of Bretayne, 90. 
 Assembles an army to oppose an invasion of the 
 Scots, 94. Concludes a truce with the ScoU, 94. 
 Is enamoured of the countess of Salisbury, 98. 
 Sends a force to the assistance of the lord John of 
 Mountfort, 100. Makes great feasts out of affec- 
 tion for the countess of Salisbury, 111. Sends 
 reinforcements into Bretayne, 112. Determines 
 on the entire conquest of Scotland, 112. Con- 
 cludes a truce with the Scots for two years, 1 12. 
 Heads a large army into Bretayne, 1 16. Besieges 
 the town of Vannes, 1 I6. Besieges and takes se- 
 veral other places, 1 K) et seq. Enters into a truce 
 with the French, 1 19- Visits the countess of Mount- 
 fort at Hanybout, 120. Returns to England, 120. 
 Institutes the order of the garter, 120. ^ Ordains a 
 yearly feast at VVyndsore on St. George's day, 120. 
 Founds the chapel of St. George at Wyndsore, 
 
 120. Sends his defiance t<i the king of France, 
 
 121. Appoints the erle of Derby to the command 
 of an expedition into Gascone, 122. Arrives at 
 Sluse with the prince of Wales, in hopes of getting 
 possession of Flaunders, 1 M. Heads a large arn.y 
 into Normandv. 145. Falls to tiie ground in 
 landing, and hails it as a good token, 14(). Takes 
 the town of Harrtewe (Barfleur), and several 
 others, 146 et seq. Marches towards Parys, de- 
 stroying the country in his way, 148. Distressed 
 to find a passage 'over the Soinine, 152. Con- 
 ducted to one bv a peasant, named Gobyn a Grace 
 (Agace), 153. ' Halts at Cressy, 154. Marshals 
 his°armv, 1 55. Engages the French, under Phi- 
 lyp of Valoys, at Cressy, and totally defeats tliem, 
 157 et seq. Besieges the town of Calais, I60. 
 Solicits the friendship of the Flemings, I68. Re- 
 fuses the French king's iiuimtion to battle, 173. 
 
22 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Obtains possession of Calais, 175. Orders si.x 
 of its principal citizens, who, for the security of 
 the other inhabitants, had generously volunteered 
 to submit themselves to his pleasure, to be put to 
 death, 175. Is dissuaded from his purpose by the 
 queen, 1 76. Orders all the old inhabitants of the 
 town to be expelled, 176. Makes his public entry 
 into Calais, 176. Enters into a truce with the 
 king of France, 177. Returns to England, 177. 
 Arrives at Calais to prevent the treacherous sur- 
 render of the town, which the governor had agreed 
 to sell to the French, 180. Fights there in cog- 
 fiito under the banner of Sir Walter Manny, 180. 
 Is engaged hand to hand with Sir Eustace of Riba- 
 mont, and takes him prisoner, 180. Presents him 
 with a chaplet of pearls in honour of his prowess, 
 131. Concludes a truce with John, king of France, 
 185. Makes an irruption into France, 186. Con- 
 cludes a treaty with David, king of Scotland, and 
 liberates him, 211. Enters into a treaty of peace 
 with John, king of France, his prisoner, 238. 
 Leads a large army into France during the impri- 
 sonment of king John in England, 242. Besieges 
 Reynes (Rheims), 247. Takes the town of Ton- 
 nerre, 251. Enters into a composition with the 
 duke of Burgoyne to spare his duchy, 252. Pro- 
 ceeds towards Parys, destroying the country in his 
 march, 252. Appalled by a sudden tempest, he 
 hastily concludes a peace with the king of France, 
 255. Declines settling a peace concerning the du- 
 chy of Bretayne, 262. Entertains the king of 
 France at Calais, 263. Returns to England, 264. 
 Declines embarking in the crusades, 277. Is vi- 
 sited in London by the king of France, who dies 
 there, 280. Receives a defiance from Charles 
 the fifth, king of France, 367. Sends reinforce- 
 ments into Poyctou, &c. 368. Sends the erle of 
 Cambridge to the assistance of the prince of Wales 
 in Acquitayne, 370. Sends to Brabant and Hey- 
 nault for assistance, 374. Enters into an alliance 
 with the king of Nauer, 376. Sends the duke of 
 Lancastre with an army to Calais, 386. Applies 
 to Sir Robert of Namur for his assistance, 386. 
 Sends letters to the lords and others in Acquitayne, 
 requiring them to retam their allegiance, 406. 
 Sends a large force to make wiir on the king of 
 France, 411. Enters into a truce with the Scots, 
 415. Makes peace with the Flemings, 436. Pre- 
 pares an army to invade France, 439. Solemnly 
 settles the succession to the ciown in case of his 
 death, 456, 482. Sails from Hampton (South- 
 ampton), 456. Is obliged to return by contrary 
 winds, 457. Enters into a truce with the French, 
 480. Dies at Shene, 483. 
 Edward, the black prince of Wales, son of the 
 above, his valour at the battle of Cressy, i. 158. 
 Heads an army into Gascone, 186. Invades the 
 county of Berrey, 190. Takes the town of Re- 
 niorentyne, 192. Defeats and takes prisoner John, 
 king of France, at tlie battle of Poycters, 202, 
 Embarks for England with his prisoner, king John, 
 
 210. Arrives in London, 210. Accompanies the 
 king of England in an expedition against France, 
 242. Sets out for Acquitayne, 274. Gives great 
 entertainments at Angolesme on the birth of his 
 son Edward, 277. Makes preparations, against 
 the advice of his council, to assist Peter (Don 
 Pedro), king of Castyle, 313. Engages twelve 
 thousand of the Companions for his expedition, 
 318. Coins his plate, 319. Promises the king 
 of Mallorques (Majorca), to assist him against the 
 king of Aragon, 323. His letter to the lord Dal- 
 breth, which offends him, 324. Takes the town 
 of Saueter, 330. His letter in answer to one from 
 Henry of Trastamare, king of Castyle, 335. De- 
 feats the army of king Henry at the battle of Na- 
 uaret, 342. Sets out on his return to Acquitayne, 
 displeased with the conduct of Don Peter, 347- 
 Arrives with his army at Burdeaux, 348. Endea- 
 vours to impose the fowage (or a hearth-tax) in 
 Acquitayne, 35 1 . Excites discontent and opposition 
 among the lords, 35 1 . Summoned to appear before 
 the parliament of Parys to answer their complaints, 
 361. His resolute answ^er to the summons, 362. 
 Prepares to make war on France, 364. His 
 health impaired by a sickness taken in Spayne, 364. 
 Recals Sir John Chandos from his retirement, 
 and appoints him to the command of a force 
 against the French and Gascon lords, 365. Re- 
 ceives succours from England under the erles of 
 Cambridge and Pembroke, 371- Prepares to op- 
 pose the dukes of Anion and Berrey, 414. Is dis- 
 abled by his disease to bear fatigue, 420. Takes 
 the town of Lynioges by storm, 422. His sick- 
 ness increases, 424. Gives up the duchy of Ac- 
 quitayne, on the death of his eldest son Edward, to 
 the care of his brother, the duke of Lancastre, 
 and returns to England for the recovery of his 
 health, 429. Dies at Westmynstre, 482. Visits 
 the erle of Armynake at Tarbe, ii. 48. Is visited 
 by the erle of Foiz, 48. Appoints Sir Pyer Er- 
 naulde (Sir Peter Ernaut), governor of Lourde, 49. 
 Threatens to compel the erle of Foiz to hold the 
 country of Bierne of him, 60. 
 
 Egle (I'Aigle), the castle of the, in Angoulinoys (An- 
 goumois), stormed by the French under Sir Wil- 
 lyam of Lynacke, ii. 4. 
 
 Eltham, Sir John of, brother of king Edward the 
 third, created erle of Cornewal, i. 28. 
 
 Enchaunter, an, offers to deliver up the castle of 
 Leufe to the duke of Anion by enchantment, 
 i. 672. Beheaded by order of the erle of Sauoy, 
 673. 
 
 English, the, their .singular opinion respecting their 
 kings, i. 3. Their manners in the time of Frois- 
 sart, ii. 121. 
 
 Enten^a or Betan^os, the town of. See Besances. 
 
 Epernay or Sparney, the town of, pillaged and burn- 
 ed by the king of Nauer's forces, i. 227. Taken 
 by Sir Eustace Dambretycourt, 239. 
 
 Erin. See Here. 
 
 Ernaulde, Sir Pyer (Peter Ernaut), appointed gover- 
 
INDEX. 
 
 as 
 
 nor of Lourde by the prince of Wales, i. 49- 
 Murdered by the erie of Foiz, 66. 
 
 Escandure, the castle of, in Heyiiault, taken by the 
 duke of Normandy and destroyed, i. 67- 
 
 Escarmayne, in Heynault, burned by the duke of 
 Normandy, i. G6. 
 
 Escaudaii, in Heynault, burned by the duke of Nor- 
 mandy, i. 68. 
 
 Espaigouilet of Basque (Espaignolet of Biscay), 
 takes the castle of Armayle, and makes a subterra- 
 neous way from it beyond the walls, ii. 1 14. De- 
 livers it upon ransom to the lord of Armayle, 1 14. 
 Re-enters it at night by the subterraneous passage, 
 and takes him prisoner, 114. Liberates him on 
 ransom, and retains the castle, 114. Taken by 
 Sir Gaultier de Paschac in the castle of Conuall 
 and hanged, 1 If). 
 
 Estampes, the lord d'. See Stampes. 
 
 Estelles le Ventre, burned by the Flemings, i. 172. 
 
 Esturmelyne (Sterling), the castle of, taken by the 
 Scots, i. 94. 
 
 the town and abbey of, burned by the 
 
 English, ii. 28. 
 
 Estynen, in Heynault, burned by the duke of Nor- 
 mandy, i. 66. 
 
 Evan of Wales. See Yuan, Sir, of Wales. 
 
 Eure (Deure), Sir John Radigo of, slain by the 
 Portuguese under Sir John Ferrant Portelet, ii. 
 148. 
 
 Eureux, the country of, burned and pillaged by the 
 English under king Edward the third, i. 130. Sub- 
 dued by the French under Sir Bertram of Cles- 
 quy, 487. 
 
 the city and castle of, taken by stratagem by 
 
 Sir Willyam of Granuyll, i. 212. Besieged by the 
 French under the lord Coucy, 513. Surrenders, 
 " 522. 
 
 Ewe, the erle of. See Arthoys, the lord Philyp of. 
 
 Raffe, erle of, taken prisoner by the English 
 
 under king Edward the third, i. 149. Beheaded 
 at Parys for treason, 182. 
 
 Eustace of St. Peters (Eustace de St. Pierre), a citi- 
 zen of Calais, his patriotic conduct during the siege 
 of that town, i. 175. 
 
 Falquemont, Sir Valeron (Valerian), lorde of, cap- 
 tain of Maubeuge, surprises the duke of Norman- 
 dy's forces at Sels, i. 66. 
 
 Famagousta, the city of. See Samagose. 
 
 Famine. See France, the kingdom of. 
 
 Faucell, John de, a rich citizen of Gaunt, retires 
 from the town after the murder of tlie baily by the 
 White-hattes, i. 50 1 . Dies at Lysle, 634. 
 
 Faulque (Foulkes), Sir Thomas, taken prisoner in 
 Bretayne, i. 47 I. 
 
 Fay, Sir Godmar du, defends the ford of Blanch 
 Taque against king Edward the third and his army, 
 i. 153. Defeated by the English, 153. Narrowly 
 escapes being put to death, l6l. 
 
 Felton, Sir William, killed in Spayne, i. 334. 
 
 Fenestrages, the lord Broquart of, takes the castle of 
 Hans, i. 235. Defeats Sir Eustace Dambrety- 
 tourt at the battle of Nogent and takes him pri- 
 soner, 235. Sends his defiance to the duke of 
 Normandy, and over-runs Champayne, 239. 
 
 Ferande, Sir John, imprisoned by the king of Por- 
 tyngale for accompanying the chanon Robersardc 
 against the Spaniards, i. 676. Liberated, 677. 
 
 Feroull, the town of, taken by the king of Portyngale, 
 ii. 265. 
 
 Ferrande (Ferdinand), king of Portyngale, declares 
 war against John, king of Castyle, i. 637. Ap- 
 plies to England for assistance, 637. Takes the 
 field against the Spaniards, 680. Makes peace 
 with the king of Castyle, 680. Marries his 
 daughter to him, 682. His death, 682. Mar- 
 ries the wife of one of his knights, ii. 138. 
 
 Fighiere, the castle of. See Sighyre. 
 
 Fitzwater, the lord, dies in Castyle, ii. 305. 
 
 Flamant, Nicholas, a draper of Parys, beheaded, i. 
 749. 
 
 Flauigny, the town of, taken by John Aleuson, i. 
 251. 
 
 Flaunders, the country of, endeavoured to be put 
 under the sovereignty of Edward the third, king of 
 England, by Jaques Dartuell, i. 136. The ori- 
 gin of its civil wars, 552. 
 
 the erle of, slain at the battle of Cressy, i. 
 
 158. 
 
 . Loys erle of, betrothed through the con- 
 straint of the Flemings to Isabell, daughter of the 
 king of England, i. l69. Escapes into France, 
 169. Detains an ambassadour from the king of 
 France to the king of Scotland, 540. Carries 
 himself haughtily towards the king upon receiving 
 his remonstrance, 542. Supports the cause of 
 pope Vrbane in his dominions against the Cle- 
 mentists, 548. Endeavours to put down the 
 White-hattes, which had been revived at Gaunt, 
 560. Collects a force to make war on them, 567. 
 Makes peace with them, 570. Comes to GauBt 
 at the entreaty of the inhabitants, 575. Endea- 
 vours to prevail on them to lay aside the White- 
 hattes, 576. Causes John Pruniaux to be be- 
 headed, 580. Goes to Bruges at the request of 
 the inhabitants, 622. Renews the war with the 
 men of Gaunt, 622. Besieges the town, 625. 
 Defeats the men of Gaunt under RafFe de Har- 
 selles, and burns a body of them in the church at 
 Nieule, 629- Besieges again the town of Gaunt, 
 608. Breaks up the siege, 66O. His answer to 
 the request of the men of Gaunt for peace, 686. 
 Defeated by the men of Gaunt at Bruges, 692. 
 Narrowly escapes being taken prisoner, 694. Flies 
 to Lysle in disguise, 697. Applies to the king of 
 France for assistance, 702. Intercedes with the 
 king of France for the town of Bruges, 742. Be- 
 comes an object of hatred to the English, 751. 
 Applies to the duke of Burgoyne for assistance to 
 oppose the bysshop of Norwich, 76O. Dies at St. 
 Omers, 781. The ceremony of his funeral, 781. 
 
24 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Flaunders, the hascU ol^, perishes in the expedition 
 
 against Turkey, ii. C)\)3. 
 Sir Riflart of, slain in a skirmish with the 
 
 men of Gaunt, ii. 2. 
 Flemings, the, under Colen Dannequyn, defeated at 
 
 Cassell by Philyp of Valoys, king of France, i. 
 
 31- 
 
 under Jaqucs Dartuell, promise to assist 
 
 Edward the third, king of England, against France, 
 i. 44. Remain firm to their alliance, notwith- 
 standing the solicitations of the king of France, 
 63. 
 
 under Sir Robert Darthoys, fly in con- 
 fusion and panic from before St. Omer's, i. 
 84. 
 
 refuse to disinherit the erle of Flaunders, 
 
 i. 136. Constrain him to be betrothed to the 
 daughter of the king of England, l69- Besiege 
 the town of Ayre, 172. Defeated by the English 
 in a sea engagement before the hauyn of la Bay, 
 433. Make peace with the king of England, 
 436. 
 
 Foins (Froins), the castle of, taken by the English 
 
 • under Sir John Chandos, i. 382. 
 
 Foiz, Gaston erle of, defeats the atrocious Jaquery of 
 Beauuosyu with great slaughter at Meaul.x, i. 218. 
 His homage for certain lands in France transferred 
 to Edward the third, king of England, 256. Ten- 
 ders his service to the prince of Wales, 326. En- 
 tertains Froissart, and furnishes him with materials 
 for his Cronycle, ii. 44. Visits the prince of 
 Wales at Tarbe, 48. Remits, at the entreaty of 
 the princess of Wales, sixty thousand francs of the 
 ransom of the erle of Armynake, 49. Takes the 
 town of Casseres from the Armynakes, 54. His 
 riches and liberality, 59. Murders Sir Peter Er- 
 naltou ( Ernaut), 66. Refuses to accept the county 
 of Bigore on the condition of holding it of the king 
 of France, 67 ; but accepts the castle of Maluoy- 
 sin, 67. Governs the country of Tholousin, 68. 
 Origin of the wars between him and the Army- 
 nakes, 70. His character and rnanner of life, 
 72-237. Murders his son and heir Gaston, 76. 
 His manner of keeping the feast of St. Nicholas, 
 79 ; and Christmas, 88. Endeavours to dissuade 
 the lords and kniglits of Bierne from joining the 
 king of Castyle against Portyngale, 9 1 . Rapidly 
 and in a secret manner informed of the battle of 
 Juberoth, I09. Favours tlie war of the duke of 
 Lancastre in Aragon, 206. Grants permission to 
 the French army to pass through his territories on 
 their way to Castyle, 231. Magnificently enter- 
 tains the duke of Burbon on his return towards 
 France, 311. Prevents the erle of Armynake 
 from succeeding in his attempt to purchase the 
 forts occupied by the Companions, 3 15. Receives 
 proposals from the duke of Lancastre for the mar- 
 riage of his son, the erle of Derby, with the daugh- 
 ter of the erle of Boulonge, 425. Marries her to 
 the duke of Berrey, 426. Visits the king of 
 France at Tholouse in great splendour, and does 
 
 homage to him for the county of Foiz, 455. Dies 
 suddenly, 536. His funeral, 541. 
 
 Foiz, Sir Jenbayne (Evan) of, bastard son of the 
 above erle of Foiz, on the death of his father seizes 
 his treasure, ii. 537. Retained by Charles the 
 sixth, king of France, as one of the knights of his 
 chamber, 589. Burned to death by accident at a 
 masked dance, 59 1 . 
 
 Folant, the castle of, taken by the English, i. 587. 
 
 Fologe (Afolege), Sir John of, killed at the battle of 
 Juberoth, ii. IO6. 
 
 Fongasse, Laurence, sent arabassadour from John, 
 king of Portyngale, to England, ii. 136. Relatei 
 to the duke of Lancastie the affairs of Portyngale 
 after the return of the erle of Cambridge, 138. 
 
 Forestbertran (Fores. Bertrand), in Heynault, burned 
 by the duke of Normandy, i. 66. 
 
 Forestes, the young erle of, slain by the Companions, 
 called the Late-comers, i. 270. 
 
 Sir Reynolde of, taken prisoner by the Late- 
 comers, i. 270. 
 
 Forget, the castle of, taken by Sir Gaultier of Pas- 
 chac, ii. 1 15. 
 
 Forsathe (Fronsac). in Gascone, taken by the erle of 
 Derby, i. 125. 
 
 Fountayns, the town of, pillaged and burned by the 
 English under king Edward the third, i. 152. 
 
 Fountnay the Countie (le Comte), the castle of, taken 
 by Sir Bertram of Clesquy, i. 455. 
 
 Fountnelles, in Heynault, burned by the duke of 
 Normandy, i. 67. 
 
 Foy, St., the town of, taken by the duke of Aniou, i. 
 495. 
 
 France, the kingdom of, experiences great dearths 
 and famines, i. 183, 223, 226, 228, 244. 
 
 . the cro\\n of, declared by the peers inca- 
 pable of being held by females, i. 31. Edward 
 the third, king of England, renounces his right to 
 it, 257. 
 
 the intended queens of, examined as to their 
 
 capacity for child-bearing, ii. 11. 
 
 the three estates of, settle the government of 
 
 the realm during the imprisonment of king John in 
 England, i. 207. 
 
 the great prior of, slain by the English at 
 
 Cressy, i. 159. 
 
 Francoys, Hanekyn, defeats the erle of Roucy, and 
 takes him prisoner, i. 233. 
 
 Franke, Sir Bertram of, taken prisoner at the battle 
 of Cocherell, i. 289. 
 
 Franuyll, the lord of, taken prisoner at the battle of 
 Ahoy, i. 301. 
 
 Frelanes, in Heynault, burned by the duke of Nor- 
 mandy, i. 66. 
 
 Frelays, Sir John de, a knight of Burgoyne, taken 
 prisoner by three knights of A Imayne (Germany) 
 in a skirmish near Tourney, i. 78. 
 
 Frese (Friezland), invaded by the erle of Ostreuaunt, 
 ii. 661. 
 
 Fresnoy, in Heynault, burned by the duke of Nor- 
 mandy, i. 66. 
 
INDEX. 
 
 25 
 
 Fresnoy, Sir Hubert of (Sir Matthew Trelawney), 
 severely wounded at Rocliprion, i. 107- Con- 
 demned to death by Sir Loys of Spayne, 109. 
 Rescued by Sir Walter Manny, lOy. 
 
 Froissart, Sir John, his Prologue to his Cronycles, 
 i. 1. Undertakes to write his history, witii correc- 
 tions, at the entreaty of Sir Robert of Narnure, 
 lord of Bewfort, 2. Presents a volume of his 
 cronvcles to Phelyppe of Heynault, queen of Eng- 
 lande, '2. Informed by the lord of Destenort 
 (D'Estonnenort) of the miraculous dispersion of a 
 mist by the Oridambe, 733. His reasons for vi- 
 siting the erle of Foiz, ii. 43. Accompanied to 
 Bierne by Sir Espaegne de Lion, who inform^ him 
 of many particulars relative to the wars in Guyen, 
 &c. 50 et seq. Commits to writing every night 
 the information he obtained in the day, 67. Ar- 
 rives at Ortaise, 71- Becomes acquainted with 
 the bastot of Maulyon, 79. His description of 
 the manners of the English and Gascons in his 
 time, 121. Is informed by the nobles of Portyn- 
 gale of the real differences between that kingdom 
 and Castyle, 133. Details the means by which he 
 obtained information for his cronycle, 134. Is 
 informed by Sir Willyam Dancenys of the etymo- 
 logy of Sir Bertram of Clesquy (Guesclin)'s name, 
 the particulars of Sir Oiyuer of Clysson's arrest by 
 the duke of Bretayne, &.c. 269. Returns to 
 France from Ortaise in company with Elinoure of 
 Bolougne, and is present at her marriage with the 
 duke of Berrev, 426. Visits the erle of Bloys in 
 Holland, 428. Returns to Parys to learn the par- 
 ticulars of the truce between England and France, 
 428. Is present at the public entry of Isabell of 
 Bauier (Bavaria), queen of Charles the sixth, into 
 Parys, 429. Goes to Abuyle to learn the parti- 
 culars of the negociation for peace between France 
 and England, 599- Visits England in the reign of 
 king Richard the second, 609. Presents his book 
 of amours and moralytees to the king, 618. Mo- 
 ralizes on the fortunes of that monarch, 763. 
 
 Frossart, D.mne, a monk, his gallant defence of the 
 abbey of St. Amande against the erle of Heynault. 
 i. 81. 
 
 Fumes, tlic town of, surrenders to Charles the sixth, 
 king of France, i. 730. 
 
 Fyennes, the lord Morell, constable of France, re- 
 lieves the city of Amyense, i. 2'.'5. Takes the 
 town of St. Vallery, 229. Is besieged in the 
 castle of Tonnerre by the king of England, 25 1 . 
 
 Fykaole (Fitz-Paul ?), Sir Guylliam, taken prisoner 
 in Seaulle by Sir Willyam Tremoyle, ii. 336. 
 
 G. 
 
 Gabell of salt, the, imposed throughout France, i. 
 
 187. 
 Gacill, Sir Willyam of, dies of fatigue before Au- 
 
 fryke, ii. 509. 
 Galande, the castle of, in Bretayne, taken by Sir 
 
 Bertram of Clesquy, i. 464. 
 Gallipoli, the town of. See Calipole. 
 
 Garde, Sir Guissharde de la, dies of fatigue before 
 Aufryke, ii. 509. 
 
 Gargoll, the lord of, slain at the battle of Alroy i 
 30 1 . ' ' 
 
 Garnat, taken by the duke of Burbone, ii. 20. 
 
 Garreunes, the countess of, and other ladies who at- 
 tended queen Isabell of England into England, 
 dismissed with presents, i. i4. 
 
 Gars, the abbott of, beheaded at Amyens, i. 226. 
 
 Garylz, Sir Willyam (Gomez), taken prisoner at the 
 battle of Nanaret, and beheaded by order of Peter, 
 king of Castyle, i. 344. 
 
 Gascone (Gascony), possessions there ceded to Ed- 
 ward the third, king of England, i. 256. 
 
 Gascons, the, oppose the attempt of the prince of 
 Wales to impose the fowage or hearth-tax in Gas- 
 cone, i. 35 1 et seq. Their character in the time of 
 Froissart, ii. 121. 
 
 Gascoyne, Sir Nycholl, taken prisoner in Bretayne, i. 
 471. 
 
 Gastelayne, Sir Bleres (Alberis), slain before the 
 castle of Varley, ii. 23. 
 
 Gauaches, the town of, taken by the English under 
 Sir John Chandos, i. 382. 
 
 Gaunt, the town of, besieged by the erle of Flaun- 
 ders, i. 625, 658. The siege abandoned, 660. 
 
 the men of, murder Jaques Dartuell (Jacob 
 
 von Artaveld), i. 138. Revive the custom of the 
 White-hattes, and elect John Lyon their captain, 
 556. Apply to the erle of Flaunders to preserve 
 their franchises, 559. Murder the baily of Gaunt, 
 560. Endeavour to make their peace with the 
 erle, 562. March against Bruges and compel it 
 and other towns of Flaunders to an alliance, 564 
 et seq. Choose new leaders after the death of 
 John Lyon, 566. Enter into an alliance with the 
 town of Yper, 566. Besiege Andwarpe (Onde- 
 narde), 567. March to attack the erle of Flaun- 
 ders in Teremonde (Dendremonrle), 568. Make 
 peace with the erle, 570. Take the town of And- 
 warpe, 578. Surrender it to the erle's forces, 
 580. Destroy the houses of the nobility, 580. 
 Put to death John Bulle, one of their commanders, 
 624. Defeated with great slaughter at Nieule, 
 where several hundreds of them are burned in a 
 church, 629. Besiege Courtrey, 632. Greatly 
 distressed for provisions, but relieved by the men 
 of Liege, 684. Defeat the erle of Flaunders at 
 Bruges, 692. Take the town of Bruges and seve- 
 ral others, 693 et seq. Besiege Andwarpe, 701. 
 Endeavour to form an alliance with England, 708. 
 Defeated at the passage of Comynes, under Peter 
 de Boyse, 726. Defeated under Pliilyp Dartuell 
 at the battle of Rosebeque, 739. Take the town 
 of Ardenbourg, 750. Assist the English at the 
 siege of Yper, 762. Included in a truce between 
 France and England, 780. Defeat a party of the 
 French at Ardenbourge, ii 9. Make peace with 
 the duke of Burgoyne, the heir of Flaunders, 38. 
 
 Genesue (Geneva), the cardynall of, elected pope 
 during the life-time of Vrbane the sixth, i, 547. 
 
26 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Geneuoys (Genoese), their manners, commerce, and 
 possessions in the time of Froissart, ii. 122. They 
 raise a large army to invade Barbary, 476. Be- 
 siege the town •( Aufryke, 499- Abandon the 
 siege, 517. Negociate with the lord Coucy re- 
 specting the surrender of their duchy to the duke 
 of Orlyaunce, 638. 
 Gensay, Hogreymen (Hugonin), of, burned to death 
 by accident at a masked dance in Parys, ii. 
 590. 
 Gente, Sir Gylbert (Guisebert), a citizen of Gaunt, 
 killed by Peter de Boyse for having endeavoured 
 to make peace between the town and the erle of 
 Flaunders, i. 662. 
 Genuine (Joinville), the fortress of, taken and pil- 
 laged by the Companions, i. 267. Sold by them, 
 267. 
 Genuyll, the lord of, taken prisoner at the battle of 
 
 Poycters, i. 200. 
 George, St., the chapel of, at Wyndsore, founded by 
 
 king Edward the third, i. 120. 
 Germany. See Almayne. 
 Germayue, St., in laye, the town of, burned by the 
 
 English under king Edward the third, i. 150. 
 Gernos, the lord of, slain at the battle of Yuret, i. 
 
 494. 
 Glocestre, the duke of, [/o;- previous particulars of 
 this prince, see Buckingham, the erle of.] His 
 creation, ii. 200. Confederates with the duke of 
 York and others against king Richard the second 
 and his council, 2*5. Defeats the king's forces 
 under the duke of Ireland near Oxford, 291. 
 Thwarts the king in his intentions of making peace 
 with the king of France, 531. Goes to France 
 with the duke of Lancastre to negociate a peace, 
 598. Wishes king Richard the second to marry 
 his daughter, 6 14. Counsels the king not to listen 
 to the deputies from the towns of Acquitayne, 6l7. 
 Jealous of the duke of Lancastre, 6 18. Disap- 
 proves the intended peace with France, 629. Dis- 
 pleased with the king's marriage, 643. Refuses to 
 acknowledge the duke of Lancastre's third wife, 
 644. Plots the destruction of the king, 682. In- 
 stigates the Londoners to petition for a repeal of 
 the war taxes, 686. Arrested by order of the 
 king, 692. Carried to Calais, 705. Put to death 
 there, 706. 
 Gloucestre, Aftren (Humphrey), duke of, joins the 
 erle of Derby against king Richard the second, ii. 
 743. 
 Gommegynes, in Heynault, burned by the duke of 
 Normandy, i. 66. 
 
 — the lord of, defeated and taken prisoner 
 
 on his way to join Edward the third, king of Eng- 
 land, before Reynes, i. 249. Buys the erle of St. 
 Poule of the squire that took him prisoner, and 
 presents him to the king, 477. Accompanies the 
 erle of Ostreuaunt to the grand entertainment of 
 king Richard the second at London, ii. 51 1. 
 Goy la Forest, the castle of, taken by the erle of 
 Rloimtfort, as duke of Bretayne, i. 89. Taken by 
 
 Sir Walter Manny, 107. Surrenders to Sir Ber- 
 tram of Clesquy, 464. 
 
 Goodman, James, chosen leader of the atrocious 
 Jaquery of Beauuoysin, i. 217. 
 
 Gousalles, Sir Loys of, killed at the battle of Rose- 
 beque, i. 739. 
 
 Goussart, Sir Peter, of Modesque, killed at the battle 
 of Juberoth, ii. 107. 
 
 Don Peter, of Sonuyll (Seville), killed at 
 
 the battle of Juberoth, ii. 107. 
 
 Gowre (Gaure), the county, country and lands of, 
 ceded to Edward the third, king of England, i. 
 256. 
 
 Grace (Agace), Gobina, betrays his knowledge of a 
 ford on the Somme to king Edward the third, and 
 guides the English army over, 153. 
 
 Graily, Sir John, bastard of the captall of Beufz 
 (Buch), relates to Froissart many particulars rela- 
 tive to the affairs of England, Acquitayne, &c. ii. 
 612. 
 
 Graney, Sir Odes of (Odoart de Renty .'), relieves the 
 town of Chalons, i. 232. 
 
 Granuyll (Graville), the young lord of, knighted by 
 Philyp of Nauer, i. 230. 
 
 Sir Willyam of, takes the strong castle and 
 
 city of Eureux by stratagem, i. 212. Taken pri- 
 soner at the battle of Cocherell, 289. 
 
 Gratson (Grandison), Sir Thomas, taken prisoner by 
 Sir Bertram of Clesquy at Pont-Valont, i. 426. 
 
 Graue, the town of, exchanged for the lands of 
 Bresde (Breda), ii. 357- Besieged by the Bra- 
 banters, 357, 377. The siege abandoned, 380. 
 
 Grauell, Sir Guy of, taken prisoner by the French, i. 
 513. 
 
 Grauelynes, the town of, surrenders to Charles the 
 sixth, king of France, i. 730. Taken by the bys- 
 shoppe of Norwich, 755. Retaken by the king of 
 France, 778. 
 
 Grauntmont (Grammont), the town of, in Flaunders, 
 forms an alliance with the men of Gaunt, i. 567. 
 Turns to the interest of the erle of Flaunders, 627. 
 Taken by the men of Gaunt, 627. Stormed and 
 burned by the lord Danghein, 659. 
 
 Grautson, Sir Othes, taken prisoner by the Spaniards 
 in the sea-fight off Rochelle, i. 442. 
 
 Grauylle, the lord of, beheaded at Roan, i. 188. 
 
 Gray, Sir Thomas, taken prisoner by the Scots at 
 the battle of Ottenbourge (Otterbourne), ii. 399- 
 
 Gregory the eleventh, pope, elected at Auygnon, i. 
 427. Endeavours to make peace between the 
 kings of France and England, 472 et seq. Re- 
 moves to Rome, 483, 510. His death, 510. 
 Grimyers (Grimstone), Sir John of, taken prisoner 
 by the Spaniards in the sea-battle off Rochelle, i. 
 442. Ransomed, 474. 
 Grys, Jaques le, ravishes the wife of Sir John Ca- 
 rongne, ii. 20 1 . Killed by him at Parys in a duel 
 ordained by the parliament, 204. 
 Guerles (Gueldres), Raynold (Reginald), erle of, his 
 extravagance, ii. 317. Marries the daughter of 
 Berthault of Malygnes, 320. She dies, and he 
 
INDEX. 
 
 27 
 
 marries Isabell, daughter of Edward the second, 
 king of England, 3G0. 
 
 Gucrles (Gueldres), Sir Edward of, slain at the bat- 
 tle witli the dnke of Brabant, ii. 325. 
 
 the duke of, sends his defiauces as ally of the 
 
 king of England to the king of France, i. .374. 
 Enters into an alliance with England, ii. 257- 
 Sends an insulling deliance to the king of France, 
 257. Endeavours Id obtain possession of the town 
 of Graue and three castles belonging to his duchy, 
 which had been sold to the duke of Brabaut, 328. 
 Visits England, and forms an alliance with king 
 Richard the second, 32L(. Obtains possession of 
 Graue, in exchange for the lands of Bresde (Breda), 
 357. Fails in obtaining assistance from England, 
 378. Defeats the Brabanlers at the bridge of Ra- 
 uesten, 37y. Makes peace with the king of 
 France and the duchess of Brabant, 411. De- 
 feated and taken prisoner in Pruce, 419. Deli- 
 vered by the great niayster of Pruce, 419. Re- 
 turns to Pruce to keep liis faith with his capturer, 
 and obtains his liberty, 420. 
 
 Guerande, the town of, taken by the forces of Sir 
 Charles of Bloys, i. 105. 
 
 Guesclin, Sir Bertratn, and Sir Olyuer of. See 
 Clesquy. 
 
 Guiercy (Guerchy), in Beauuoys, taken and pillaged 
 by the Companions, i. 267. 
 
 Guigante (Guincamp), the town of, taken by Sir 
 Bertram of Clesquy, i. 4G4. 
 
 Guyen, possessions there, ceded to Edward the third, 
 king of England, i. 256. 
 
 Guynes, the county and towns, 8cc. of, ceded to king 
 Edward the third, i. 257. 
 
 the town of, taken by the English, i. 183. 
 
 Guyret, Sir VVillyam, dies of fatigue before Aufryke, 
 ii. 509. 
 
 Guys burned by the English, i. 54. 
 
 Guysighen (Cossington), Sir Thomas of, compelled 
 by the insurgents under Wat Tyler to accompany 
 them to London, i. 642. 
 
 Guystell, the lord of, appeases an insurrection at 
 Bruges against the French troops, ii. 198. 
 
 Gyfford, Sir Gylbert, taken prisoner by Sir Bertram 
 of Clesquy at Pont Valant, i. 426. 
 
 Gygencourt, John of, a noble clerk, who had labour- 
 ed for the reform and union of the church, dies at 
 Parys, ii. 605. 
 
 Gysors, the town of, burned by the English under 
 king Edward the third, i. 150. 
 
 H. 
 
 Haconde orHacton (Hawkwood), Sir John, an Eng- 
 lish commander, achieves numerous deeds of arms, 
 and enters into the service of pope Vrbane, i. 552. 
 Defeats Syluester Bude and takes him prisoner, 
 552.- Invited by the erle of Armynake to join him 
 in his wars in Lombardy, ii. 527. 
 
 Hales, Sir Stephyn of, compelled by the insurgents 
 Vol. II. 5 I 
 
 under Wat Tyler to accompany them to London, 
 i. 642. 
 
 Haluyn, Sir Josse. See Valuin. 
 
 Ham, the seignory of. Sec Baynes. 
 
 Hampton (Southampton), pillaged by the French, i.51 . 
 
 Hanges, Sir Robert of, dies of fatigue before Au- 
 fryke, ii. 509. 
 
 Hanon, the town of, in Heynault, taken and burned, 
 the abbey violated, and the mynster destroyed by 
 the garrison of St. Amande, i. 75. 
 
 Hans, the castle of, in Champaigiie, taken by the king 
 of Nauer's forces, i. 227- Retaken by the French, 
 235. 
 
 Hansame (Hausane), Sir Peter, killed at tiie battle of 
 Juberoth, ii. 106. 
 
 Hanybout (Hennebon), the town of, taken by the erle 
 of Mountfort as duke of Bretayne, i. 88. Be- 
 sieged by the lord Charles of Bloys, 101. The 
 siege raised, 1 10. Taken by Sir Bertram of Cles- 
 quy, 464. 
 
 Harecourt, the erle of, brother of Sir Godfrey, slain 
 at the battle of Cressy, i. 158. 
 
 the erle of, beheaded at Rowan (Rouen), 
 
 i. 188. 
 
 the young erle of, knighted by Philyp of 
 
 Nauer, i. 230. Makes peace widi the duke of 
 Normandy, 234. Marries the daughter of the 
 duke of Burbon, 234. Goes to England as a 
 hostage for John, king of France, i. 264. Returns 
 to France, 363. 
 
 Sir Godfrey of, banished from France, i. 
 
 135. Arrives in England, 144. Accompanies 
 the king of England in an expedition into Norman- 
 dy, 145. Created one of the marshals of his 
 army, 146. Defeats a body of men from Amy- 
 ense on their way to join the king of France, 151. 
 Carries on the war m Normandy in the name of 
 the king of Nauer, 207. Defeated and slain at 
 the battle of Coutances, 210. 
 
 Haren, Sir Martyn, escapes from the battle of Ju- 
 beroth with the rich bassenet of the king of Cas- 
 tyle, ii. 107. Rejoins the king at St. Yrayiie (San- 
 tarem), 109- 
 
 Harflewe (Barfleur), the town of, in Normandy, 
 taken and pillaged, and the inhabitants carried away 
 by the English, i. 146. 
 
 Harlston, Sir John, appointed governor of Chier- 
 bourge, i. 488. Defeats a body of French troops 
 under Sir VVillyam of Bordes, who is taken pri- 
 soner, i. 489- 
 
 Harpe(Harpedon), Sir Hughe, taken prisoner in Bre- 
 tayne, i. 47 1 • 
 
 Harseley, Guylliam, appointed physician to Charles 
 the sixth, king of France, during his derangement, 
 ii. 576. Cures him, 586. Dies at Laon, 587. 
 His character, 587. 
 
 Harselles, Raffe of, chosen one of the commanders 
 of the White-hattes of Gaunt, i. 566. Defeated 
 and slain in an engagement with the erle of Flaun- 
 ders, 629. 
 
^8 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Haiselles, the lord of, slain at Gaunt, i. 790. 
 Hay, Sir Heiirj', taken prisoner by the French before 
 
 Soubise, i. 452. 
 Helchyer, the town of. See Seclyne. 
 Helcon (Holton), Sir Thomas, taken prisoner by the 
 
 Scots at the battle of Ottenbourge, ii. 399. 
 Helly, Sir Jaques of, taken prisoner by the Turks at 
 the battle of Nycopoly, ii. G70. Sent to France 
 on his parole, with information of the defeat of 
 the army of John of Burgoyne, 673. Receives 
 rich presents from the duke of Berrey, 675. Re- 
 turns to Turkey, and is liberated by Lamorabaquy 
 with presents, 676. Goes to France, 68'2. 
 Helman, Sir VVillyani, sent to the Tower of London 
 on a charge of having sold Bourbourc and Graue- 
 lynes to the French, i. 779. 
 Hemon, Sir Willyam, taken prisoner by the English 
 
 at Bersat, i. .529- 
 Hennebreque (Havenkerque), Sir Loys of, slain at 
 
 the battle of Cocherell, i. 289- 
 Henry the fourth, king of England, \J'o}- previous 
 particulars of this prince, see Derby, Henry erle 
 of, and Lancastre, the duke of], crowned at West- 
 niynstre with great ceremony, after having received 
 the resigTiation of king Richard the second, ii. 753. 
 Refuses to cause him to be put to death, 758, 768. 
 In danger of being murdered by the erles of Hun- 
 tyngdon and Salisbury, 759. 
 
 the bastard (of Transtamare), enters Castyle 
 
 with a large army to dethrone his brother Don 
 Peter, i. 309. Acknowledged and crowned king of 
 Castyle by the Spaniards, 310. Takes measures 
 to oppose Don Peter and the prince of Wales, 
 317. His resolute letter to the prince of Wales, 
 329. Defeated at the battle of Nauaret, 338. 
 Escapes to Aragon, S45. Makes war on the 
 prince of Wales in Acquitayne, 346. Makes war 
 on Don Peter, assisted by the king of Aragon, 
 ,'552. Defeats and takes prisoner Don Peter near 
 Montiel, 354. Kills him in a scuffle, 356. Ob- 
 tains the submission of Castyle, 356. Enters into 
 an alliance with the king of France, 438. Cour- 
 teously receives the erle of Pembroke and the other 
 English prisoners taken in the sea battle off Ro- 
 chelle, 446. Makes war on the king of Nauer, 
 487. Concludes a peace with him, 536. His 
 death, 536. 
 
 prince of Galyce, marries the daughter of the 
 
 duke of Lancastre, ii. 424. Crowned ky.ng of 
 Castyle, 524. 
 
 king of Hungary, sends ambassadours to 
 
 Charles the sixth, king of France, for assistance 
 against the Turks under Lamorabaquy (Bajazet), 
 ii. 636. Crosses the Danube with a large army, 
 accompanied by John of Burgoyne and his forces, 
 646. Takes the town of Coniecte by storm, 647- 
 Besieges Nycopoly, 648. Defeated by Lamora- 
 baquy, 669- Escapes after the battle with ditR- 
 culty, 67 1 . Detains the presents sent by the king 
 of France to Lamorabaquy, 677. Allows them 
 to be forwarded, 682. 
 
 Herciers, John Radigo of, slain at the battle of Ju^ 
 
 berolh, ii. 153. 
 Here (Erin), in Heynault, burned by the duke of 
 
 Normandy, i. 68. 
 Hereel, the castle of, taken by the king of Nauer, i. 223. 
 Hewet, Sir Walter, killed in a skirmish in Bretayne, 
 
 i. 471. 
 Heynault, the country of, invaded and pillaged by the 
 French, i. 59, 65. In danger of being pillaged by 
 the Bretons belonging to the army of Charles the 
 si.xth, king of France, 742. 
 
 the lord Antoynge of, taken prisoner at the 
 
 battle of Nauaret, i. 341. 
 
 Sir John of, offers his assistance to Isabell, 
 
 queen of Edward the second, king of England, i. 
 8. Engages a large body of nobles and others iu 
 her cause, and with them escorts her to England, 
 11. Receives large presents, and quits England, 
 14. Returns to England with a numerous force 
 on the invitation of king Edward the third, and as- 
 sists him in the expedition against the Scots, 16. 
 Quits England, 26. Counsels Edward the third 
 to make war on France, 42. His territories in- 
 vaded and devastated by the army of Philyp of 
 Valoys, king of France, 60, 65. Appointed go- 
 vernor of Holande and Zelaude during the absence 
 of the erle his brother in England, 63. Quits the 
 allegiance of England for that of France, 139. 
 Escapes with John, king of France, and four ba- 
 rons, after the battle of Cressy, 1 59- 
 
 Guyllaume erle of, entertains queen Isabell 
 
 of England and her son at Valencyennes, i. 8. 
 His daughter Philyppe married to Edward the 
 third, king of England, 27. His death, 44. 
 
 ■ — Willyam erle of, son of the above, sends his 
 
 defiance to the king of France, i. 6l. Takes the 
 town of Aubenton, &c. 62. Visits England, 63. 
 Almayne (Germany), 69- Returns to Heynault, 
 70. Assembles a large army to raise the siege of 
 Thyne Leuesque, 70. Burns the town of Seclyne, 
 &c. 75. Takes the town of St. Amande, 81. 
 Takes Dautryche (Utrecht), 138. Slain in Friese 
 (Friezland), 139- 
 
 Willyam erle of, married to the youngest 
 
 daughter of Henry, duke of Lancastre, i. 273. 
 
 Willyam of, marries the daughter of the duke 
 
 of Burgoyne, i. 794. 
 
 the erle of. Sec Ostreuaunt, the erle of. 
 
 Margaret duchess of. See Brabant, the du- 
 chess of. 
 Hollande, Sir John of, kills the lord Richarde Staf- 
 forde, ii. 25. Married to Phylyp, daughter of the 
 duke of Lancastre, 157- Appointed constable of 
 the expedition under the duke of Lancastre against 
 Castyle, 157. Engages in a deed of arms with 
 Sir Raynolde du Roy, 23.1. [For subsequent par- 
 ticulars of this iiob/eman, see Huntyngdon, John 
 erle of.] 
 
 . the lord Thomas, his daughter by the 
 
 princess of Wales married to the erle of Mount- 
 fort (duke of Bretayne), i. 306. 
 
INDEX. 
 
 «9 
 
 lloralogc, a cuiious, removed from the town of 
 Courtrc) by order of the duke of Burgojne, and 
 set up in J)yoii, in Burgoyne, i. 745. 
 
 Hostages sent to England for John, king of France, 
 i. 262. 
 
 House, SirBaudrin de la, taken prisoner at the battle 
 of Poycters, i. 200. 
 
 Hoossagre, Sir Saynion (Sir Simon Whitaker), slain 
 in the sea-fight oft' Rochellc, i. 442. 
 
 Hundrey (de la Hourdrie), Sir Robert and Sir Tlio- 
 mas, killed by the townsmen of Ipre, i. 5(i7. 
 
 Huntyngdon, the erle of, [for previous ptntici(/<irs 
 of' this personage, see Dangle, Sir Guychart], his 
 creation, i. 483. Appointed tutor to king Richard 
 the second, 48S. His death, 584, G55. 
 
 . John erle of, [for previous particulars 
 
 of' this personage, see Hollande, Sir John], pro- 
 mises allegiance to king Henry the fourth, ii. 754. 
 Proclaims an entertainment at Oxford, with the 
 view of murdering him, 759- Slain at Suscettour 
 (Cirencester), 761. 
 
 Innocent the sixth, pope, elected at Auygnon, i. 183. 
 Endeavours to make a peace between the kings of 
 France and England and the kings of France and 
 , Nauer, 192. Mediates a truce after the battle of 
 Poycters between France and England, 211; and 
 a treaty for the enlargement of David, king of 
 Scots, 211. Makes a treaty with and largely re- 
 wards Sir Arnolde Canoll, who had pillaged Pro- 
 ixence, 214. Orders a crusade to be preached 
 against the Companions, 271. His death, 273. 
 
 Insurrection in England against king Richard the se- 
 cond under Wat Tyler, &c. i. 641 ; and again 
 against him in favour of the duke of Lancastre, 
 ii. 737. 
 
 in France against Charles the sixth, i. 
 
 m3, 664, 687, 730. 
 
 in Flaundcrs against the erle by the men 
 
 lady Isabel! de Coucy, and marries one of the at- 
 tendants on the queen, 274. Endeavours to coun- 
 teract the measures of the commissioners of ac- 
 counts and the new council of state, 284. Is ap- 
 pointed by the king his lieutenant, 285. Marches 
 iVoni Bristowe towards Loudon, 288. Flies from 
 the head of his army on its being attacked by the 
 Londoners under the duke of Glocestre, and quits 
 the kingdom, 292. Is ordered to leave Dordrest 
 (Dordrecht), 293. Invited to France, 353. Or- 
 dered from thence, 439. Retires to a castle near 
 Louaygne, 439. 
 
 Ireland, the duchess of, wife of the above, on being 
 divoi'ced from her husband, is received by his 
 mother, ii. 283. Accompanies the duke of Lan- 
 castre to Calais, to sec her father the lord Coucy, 
 555. 
 
 Isabcll, daughter of Pliilyp le Bcaw, king of France, 
 and queen to Edward the second of England, de- 
 clared ineligible to the crown of France, i. 4. 
 Incurs the hatred of Sir Hewe Spencer, 4. Flies 
 from England with her son to her brother, Charles 
 the fourth of France, and solicits his advice and 
 assistance, 5. Commanded ,to quit France, 7. 
 Goes to Heynault, 8. Lands in England with a 
 considerable force, and is joined by the English 
 barons, 10. Takes her husband prisoner at Bris- 
 tol, 12. Confines Uun in Barkeley castle, 12. 
 Enters London amidst great rejoicings, 13. Ob- 
 tains the coronation of her son, Edward the third, 
 14. Suspected of being pregnant by Sir Roger 
 Mortymer, 32. Committed to prison by order 
 of the council, 32. Dies in London, 274. 
 
 daughter of Edward the third, king of Eng- 
 land, betrothed to the erle of Flaunders, i. 169- 
 
 the lady, of Bauier (Bavaria), married to 
 
 Charles the sixth, king of France, ii. 15. Makes 
 her public entry into Parys, 429. 
 
 daughter of Charles the sixth, betrothed to 
 
 of Gaunt and of other towns, i. 556 et seq. 
 
 Interview between the king of Portyngale and the 
 duke of Lancastre, ii. 181. 
 
 • between the kings of France and England 
 
 at Arde, ii. 665. 
 
 Ipre, Sir John of, perishes in the expedition against 
 Turkey, ii. 693. 
 
 or Iper (Ypres), the town of. See Yper. 
 
 Ireland, king Richard the second goes there at the 
 head of a large army, ii. 60S. The state of the 
 country, and manners, arid mode of warfare of the 
 natives in Froissart's time, 619- Four of the 
 kings submit themselves to Richard the second, 
 621. 
 
 • the duke of, [ for previous particulars of 
 
 this nobleman, see Oxenforde (Oxford), the erle 
 of], his creation, ii. 200. Influences king Richard 
 the second to liberate John of Bretayne, 213. In- 
 creases the differences between the king and his 
 uncles, 243. Incurs the hatred of the people of 
 England, 274. Obtains a divorce from his wife, the 
 
 5l 2 
 
 Richard the second, king of England, ii. 643. 
 Delivered to him by king Charles at Arde (Ardres), 
 666. Married to him at Calais, 666. 
 Isles, Sir Henry of the, and John his brotlier, 
 taken prisoner by the English at Lyques, i. 
 477. 
 
 J. 
 
 Jafrey (Jaffre), the town and mynster of, taken and 
 burned by the chanon Robersarde, i. 675. 
 
 James, St. of Compostella, in Galyce, the town of, 
 surrenders to the duke of Lancastre, ii. l65. 
 
 James, king of Cypre, interests himself to obtain the 
 liberation of John of Burgoyne and his compa- 
 nions, who were prisoners in Turkey, ii. 693. 
 
 . king of Mallorques (Majorca), applies to the 
 
 prince of Wales for his assistance against the king 
 of Aragon, i. 323. Accompanies the prince and 
 Don Peter into Castyle, 328- Falls sick, and is 
 left behind by the prince of Wales on his quitting 
 Spayne, 347. I'aken prisoner there by king 
 Henry of Castyle, 352. Ransomed by his wife, 
 
30 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 the queen of Naples, and his sister, 436. Makes 
 war on the king of Aragon, 437. Dies in the 
 Vale of Sorey (Soria), 437. 
 James, St. the great prior of, taken prisoner at the 
 
 battle of Nauaret, i. 342. 
 Jaquery, the, an atrocious body of men under this ap- 
 pellation arise in Beauuosyn, i.'2l6. Their dread- 
 ful outrages, 216, &c. A large number of them 
 destroyed by the king of Nauer, 217. Thousands 
 of them slain at Meaul.x by the erle of Foiz and 
 the captoU of Buz (Buch), 218. 
 Jaqucs, St. the great master of, slain at the battle 
 of Juberoth, ii. 153. 
 
 in Galyce, the great niilster of, slain at Vale- 
 
 wyde (Valverde), ii. 155. 
 Jaquet, brother of Peter, king of Cypre, nuuders 
 him in his bed, ii. 123. Taken prisoner by the 
 Genouoys, 123. Crowned king of Cypre, 124. 
 Jaylle, Sir Tristram de la, taken prisoner by the gar- 
 rison of Nantes, i. 61 1. 
 Joel (Jewell), Sir John, slain, ii. 81. 
 Johan, sister of Edward the third, king of England, 
 married to David the second, king of Scotland, i. 30. 
 John, Kon of the erle of Cambridge, marries the lady 
 Beatrice, daughter of the king of Portyngale, i. 
 665. Separated from her, 6S2. Returns to Eng- 
 land with his father, 682. 
 
 (son of Philyp of Valoys), king of Fi'ance [Jor 
 
 previous particulars of this prince, see Normandy, 
 John duke of], his coronation, i. 182. Makes his 
 public entry into Parys, 182. Prevents a combat 
 between the duke of Lancastre and the duke of 
 Boesme (Brunswick), 183. Concludes a truce 
 with Edward the third, king of England, 185. 
 Takes possession of the lands of the king of Nauer 
 in Normandy, 185. Issues a gold coin, called 
 Florence of the lambe, 185. Gives the duchy of 
 Normandy to his eldest son, 186. Obtains a large 
 grant of taxes from his parliament to carry on the 
 wars, 187. Arrests the king of Nauer and others, 
 188. Marches an army against the duke of Lan- 
 castre, 189. Collects an army to oppose the 
 prince of Wales, 192. Defeated and taken pri- 
 soner at the battle of Poycters, 202. Surrenders 
 to the prince of Wales, 203. Embarked for Eng- 
 land, 210. Rides through London, 210. Con- 
 fined in Wyndso) e castle, 211. Enters into a 
 treaty with the king of England and the prince of 
 Wales, 238. The French council refuse to ratify 
 ii, 238. Sent to the Tower of London, 243. 
 Obtains his liberty, and returns to France, 263. 
 Magnificently entertained at Parys, 265. Visits 
 the pope at Auygn m, 273. Puts on the cross, 
 275. Visits Edward the third in England, 278. 
 liis death, 280. Buried at St. Denyce, 283. 
 
 Don, son of Henry of Transtamare, crowned 
 
 king of Castyle, i. 536. Is defied by the king of 
 Portyngale, 637. Takes trie field against the king 
 of Portuigale and the erle of Cambridge, 680. 
 Makes peace with the king of Portyngale, 680. 
 Marries bis daughter, 6d2. Sc?ids hb defiance to 
 
 . the new king of Portyngale, and raises an army to 
 make war on him, ii. 47, 91- Besieges Lysbone, 
 91, 144. Applies to the king of France for assist- 
 ance, 91. Abandons the siege of Lysbone, 93, 
 145. Takes the field against the king of Portyn- 
 gale, 9.6. Defeated with great slaughter at the 
 battle of Juberoth, 103. Enters into a truce with 
 the king of Portyngale, 109. Is joined at Burgus 
 by three hundred French knights, Stc. 153. Ap- 
 plies to France for assistance against the king of 
 Portyngale and the tluke of Lnncastre, 173. G rants 
 permission to the duke of Lancastre to send his 
 men into Castyle to recruit their health, 305. Re- 
 gains possession of Galyce after the departure of 
 the duke of Lancastre, 351. Sends ambassadours 
 to the duke of Lancastre, to demand his daughter 
 for his son Henry, 307- Makes peace with the 
 duke, 421. Marries his son to the lady Katherine 
 of Lancastre, 424. His death, 523. 
 John, Mayster Denyce (grand master of Avis), de- 
 clared king of Portyngale, i. 662, ii. 139. Crowned 
 46, 146. Sends ambassadours to England to so- 
 licit the alliance of Richard the second, 47, 89. 
 Raises an army to make war on the king of Cas- 
 tyle, 97. Defeats him at the battle of Juberoth, 
 103. Enters into a truce with him, 109. Enters 
 Lysbone in triumph, 135. Sends ambassadours 
 to solicit the assistance of the duke of Lancastre 
 and his brodier, 136. His character, 155. Re- 
 ceives favourable answers from England, 156. 
 Writes friendly letters to the duke of Lancastre on 
 his arrival in Galyce, 173. Sends presents of 
 nmles to the duke and duchess and her daughters, 
 178. Has an interview with the duke, 181. 
 Marries the lady Philyp, daughter of the duke of 
 Lancastre, 224. Takes the field against the king 
 of Castyle, 263. Burns the town of St. Yrayne, 
 264. Takes Feroul, 265. Forms a junction with 
 the duke of Lancastre, 297. Dismisses his army, 
 306. 
 
 frere of Roche tayllade, foretels the miseries of 
 
 France, i. 252. Delivers an apologue before the 
 cardynalls concerning the papacy, ii. 131. 
 
 St. Dangle or Athenys (St. Jean d'Angely), the 
 
 town of, taken from the English by the duke of 
 Normandy, i. 141. Surrenders to the erle of 
 Derby, 163. Surrenders to the French, 182. 
 Taken again by the French, 452. 
 John's, St. (Perth), the town of, burned by Richard 
 the second, king of England, ii. 28. 
 
 . Hospital in London, belonging to the 
 
 knights of Rhodes, burned by the insurgents under 
 Wat Tyler, i. 645. 
 
 (t.'e Templars), the lord (the prior) of, 
 
 beheaded by Wat Tyler in the Tower of London, 
 i. 646. 
 
 in Portyngale, the great priour of, slain at 
 
 the battle of Juberoth, ii. 153. 
 Joigny, the erle of, taken prisoner by the prince of 
 Wales, i. 193. Taken prisoner at the battle of 
 Ahoy, i. 300. 
 
INDEX. 
 
 SI 
 
 Joiiiville, tlie fort of. See Gcnuille. 
 
 Jonell (,)c\vul), Sir John, joins the king of Nauer, i. 
 282. Slain at the battle of Cocherell, in Norman- 
 dy, 289. 
 
 Josselyii, the castle of, delivered to the duke of 
 Bretayne in part ransom of Sir Olyner of 
 Clvsson, whom he had treacherously arrested, ii. 
 255. 
 
 Jouer, Juye (Ives), counsels the Fresons how to re- 
 sist the invasion of the duke of Bauier, ii. 061. 
 slain, G(i2. 
 
 .lougowe (Jugon), the town of, taken by the lord 
 Charles of Bloys through treachery, i. 110. Re- 
 taken by the lord John of JNIountfort, 303. Sur- 
 renders to Sir Bertram of Clesquy, 464. Deli- 
 vered u|) to the duke of Bretavnc in ransom of Sir 
 Olyuer Clysson, whom he had treacherously ar- 
 rested, ii. 255. 
 
 Jouy, the erle of, burned to death by accident at a 
 masked dance at Parys, ii. 590. 
 
 Juberoth (Aljubarota), the battle of, between John, 
 king of Castyle, and John, king of Portyugale, ii. 
 103-150. A great battle fought there by Charle- 
 magne, who founds an abbey of black monks on 
 the spot, 151. 
 
 Julyan, St. Sir Loys of, taken prisoner by the Eng- 
 lish at the bridge of St. Lussac, i. 404. Takes the 
 town of Chasteleraut, 407. 
 
 Julyers, Willyam count of, becomes, by marriage, 
 duke of Guerles, ii. 328. 
 
 the duke of, sends his defiance, as an ally of 
 
 the king of England, to the king of France, i. 374. 
 Defeats the duke of Brabant with great slaughter, 
 ii. 325. Makes his peace with the emperour, 326. 
 Makes his submission to the king of France, 406. 
 Mediates peace between the duke of Guerles and 
 the king of France, 409. 
 
 the lady Isabell of, married to the lord Eu- 
 
 I.. 
 
 Lacke, Le, the town of, taken by the erle of Derby, 
 i. 125. 
 
 Laige (Leg), John, a sergeaunt at amies, murdered 
 in the Tower by Wat Tyler's mob, i. 646. 
 
 Lambe, Florence of the, a French coin so called, 
 first issued, i. 185. 
 
 Lamorabaquy (Amurath), lord of Turkey, his charac- 
 ter and power, ii. 124. Purposes to conquer 
 Hungary, 126. Sends anibassadours with a sack 
 of grain, as a similitude of his army, to demand of 
 the erle of Lazaran a passage over his territories, 
 126. Sends an army of si.\ty thousand men against 
 him, 128. 
 
 (Bajazet), the great Turk, raises a large 
 
 army to oppose the king of Hungary and John of 
 Bmgoyne, who had invaded 'J\irkey, ii. 652. 
 Marches for Nycopoly, 653. Defeats the com- 
 bined Christian aiinies with great slaughter, 669. 
 Puts his prisoners, with very few exceptions, to 
 death, 671. A singular instance of his justice, 
 698. His speech to John of Burgoyne on releas- 
 ing him and his other prisoners, ()98. 
 
 Lamulae (Milhaud), the castle of, in Rouergue, taken 
 by Sir Bertram of Clesquy, i. 434. 
 
 Lanache (Lingnach), the lord of, of Bierne, taken 
 prisoner by the Portuguese at the battle of Jube- 
 roth, ii. 103. Killed, 104. 
 
 Lancastre, Thomas erle of, beheaded through the en- 
 mity of Sir Hewe Spencer, i. 5 
 
 Henry erle of, brother of the above, joins 
 
 the party of queen Isabell of England with rein- 
 forcements against king Edward the second and the 
 Spencers, i. 10. Refuses to attend the parlia- 
 ment, 28. Differences adjusted between him and 
 the king, 28. 
 
 the duke of, son of the above, goes 
 
 stace Dambretycourt, i. 233. 
 Justs. See Deeds of arms. . 
 
 K. 
 
 Kent, the erle of, escapes with Isabell, queen of Ed- 
 ward the second of England, into France, i. 5. 
 Counsels king Edward the third in his government, 
 15. Beheaded through the jealousy of Sir Robert 
 Mortymer, 32. 
 
 the erle of, conspires with his uncle, the erle of 
 
 Huntyngdon, to murder king Henry the fourth, 
 ii. 759. Slain at Suscettour (Cirencester), 761. 
 
 Kitiell, Sir Hugh. See Tytiell. 
 
 Knight, an English, his rash adventure before Parys, 
 i. 421. 
 
 Knights of the Garter, the order of the, instituted at 
 AVyndsore by king Edward the third, i. 120. 
 
 Hare, why so called, i. 57. 
 
 Knowles, Sir Robert. See CanoU. 
 
 Koucke (Concarneau), the town of, stormed and taken 
 by Sir Bertram of Clesquy, i. 465. 
 
 to Parys to meet the duke of Boesme (Bruns- 
 wick) in single combat, 183. Arrives in Con- 
 stantyne (the Coutantiu), to assist Philyp of 
 Nauer against John, king of France, i. I89. Takes 
 the town of Vernueyll, 189. Besieges Rennes, 
 212. Leads a large army into Picardy, 243. 
 Persuades the king of England to make peace with 
 the duke of Normandy, 255. Dies, 273. 
 
 — John of Gaunt, duke of, his birth, i. 73. Mar- 
 
 ried to the eldest daughter of Henry, duke of Lan- 
 castre, 27?. Embarks with troops to serve under 
 his brother, the prince of Wales, in Spayne, 323. 
 Leads. a large army into France, 386. Over-runs 
 the country between Calais and Harflewe (Bar- 
 fleur), 399- Returns to England, 400. Appoint- 
 ed governor of Acquitayne by the prince of Wales, 
 428. Takes Mout Paon, 431. Marries the lady 
 Constance, daughter of Don Peter of Castjle, 437. 
 Arrives at Calais with a large army, 468. Marches 
 through France to Bourdeaux, 468 H scq. En- 
 ters into a truce with the French, and returns to 
 England, 474. Appointed regent of England 
 during the minority of king Richard the .=econd, 
 
32 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 48S. Heads au urniy into Bretayne, 488. Be- 
 sieges St. Malo, 488. Lands there with a large 
 army from England, 518. Abandons the siege, 
 527. Learns the particulars of the death of king 
 Henry of Castyle and the coronation of king John 
 from a herald, 540. Sent to treat with the Scots, 
 639. Makes a truce with them, Go'2. Refused 
 admission into Berwyke castle, G52. Retiu-ns into 
 Scotland with the erle of Diiglas, 653. Sent for 
 by king Richard, 054. Quarrels with the erle of 
 Northumberland, 655. Appeased by the king, 
 656. Offended at the intended marringe of lord 
 Willyam of Heynault, and sends messengers there 
 to the duke of Bauier, 794. Commands an army 
 against the Scots, ii. 23. Obtains an army to 
 make war on Castyle, 156. Embarks for Por- 
 tyngale, 157. Forces the French to raise the 
 blockade of Brest, ]60. Arrives at Coulongne 
 (Corunna), l6l. Takes the town of St. James of 
 Compostella and several others in Galyce, 164 el 
 seq. Sends presents of falcons and greyhounds to 
 the kiug of Portyngale, 178. Has an interview 
 with him, 181. Agrees to give him his daughter 
 Philyp in marriage, 182. Makes war on Aragon, 
 205. Marries his daughter, the lady Phylyp, to 
 the king of Portyngale, 224. Takes the town of 
 Besances, 225 et seq. Suffers greatly from the 
 heat of the climate, 296. Forms a junction with 
 the king of Portyngale, 297. Passes the Derne 
 (Duero), 298. Dispirited by the sickness of him- 
 self and army, 300. Disbands his army, 302. 
 Obtains permission from the king of Castyle for 
 theni to recruit their health in his towns, 305. 
 Quits Galyce and returns to Bayon, 314, 352. 
 Applies to England for fresh assistance, 352. 
 Receives a proposal of marriage for his daughter 
 from the duke of Berrey, 360. Betrodis his 
 daughter Katheryne to the prince of Spayne, 414. 
 Makes peace w ith the king of Castyle, 42 1 . Mar- 
 ries his daughter to the prince of Galyce, 424. 
 Goes to France to endeavour to negociate a peace, 
 555, 598. Receives the duchy of Acquitayne as a 
 ^ft from king Richard the second and his council, 
 607. Embarks for Acquitayne, 608. Dispos- 
 sessed of the duchy of Acquitayne by the king, in 
 consequence of the remonstrances of the towns of 
 Acquitayne against the gift, 624. Marries his 
 concubine, 644. His issue by her before marri- 
 age, 644. Withdraws from court, 690. Offended 
 with king Richard for the murder of the duke of 
 Glocestre, 707. Makes peace with him, 708. 
 His death, 728. 
 
 Lancastre, Henry of, bastard son of the above, joins 
 the expedition fitted out by the Genouoys against 
 Barbary, ii. 477. 
 
 Constance duchess of, wife of John of 
 
 Gaunt, accompanies with her daughters the duke to 
 Portyngale, ii. 157. Visits the king and queen of 
 Portyngale, 227. Takes her daughter to Castyle, 
 ajid betroths her to the prince of Galyce, 424. 
 
 Finds the bones of her father, Don Peter, and fias 
 them buried at Ciuyll, 424. 
 
 Lantastre, the duke of, son of John of Gaunt [for 
 previous particulars of this prince, see Derby, 
 Henry erle of] goes into mourning at Parys for 
 his father's death, ii. 728. His hereditary posses- 
 sions seized on the death of his father by king Ri- 
 chard the second, 729- His marriage in France 
 v\ith the lady Mury of Berrey prevented by the in- 
 terference of king Richard, 731. Receives a re- 
 quest by the archbysshope of Caunterbuiy from the 
 people of London to return to England, 738. 
 Quits the court of France, and visits the duke of 
 Bretayne, 740. Lands in England with a large 
 body of men, 741. Welcomed by the mayor and 
 chief citizens of London, 741. Arrives in Lon- 
 don, 742. Assumes the sovereignty at the desire 
 of the Londoners, 742. Sends back the troops 
 of the duke of Bretayne who had accompanied 
 him to England, and marches against the king to 
 Bristowe, 742. Arrives at Flynt castle, takes the 
 king prisoner there, and conducts him to London, 
 746. Imputes bastardy to him, 751. Convokes 
 an assembly of the nobility and others, and accom- 
 panies them to the Tower, to receive the king's 
 resignation of the crown, 751. Holds a parliament 
 and claims the crown, 752. Crowned as Henry 
 the fourth, king of England — tchicli see. 
 
 Landas, the lord of, slain at the battle of Poycters, i. 
 200. 
 
 the town of, taken and burned by the erle of 
 
 Heynault, i. 75. 
 
 Landreches (Landrecy), pillaged by the Almaynes 
 (Germans) of Male Mayson, i. 68. 
 
 Lane, Sir Raymonde of, visits Froissart at his inn at 
 Tourney, ii. 60. 
 
 Langay (Langley), Sir John, taken prisoner by Sir 
 Bertram of Clesquy in the Koucke (Concarneau), 
 i. 465. 
 
 Lango (Langon), the castle of, taken by the erle of 
 Derby, i. 125. Surrenders to the duke of Anion, 476. 
 
 Luiiguedoc, the country of, ceded by Charles the si\th, 
 king of France, to the crown of England in perpe- 
 tuity, ii. 602. 
 
 Langurant, the lord of, taken prisoner by the French 
 at the battle of Yuret, i. 494-. Turns to the French 
 interest, 496. Evinces great bravery at the storm- 
 ing of Duras, 499- Slain near Cadylhatte, 537. 
 
 Lantonne, Sir John, slain in the sea battle off Ro- 
 chelle, i. 442. 
 
 Laon, the city of, si.\ of its principal burgesses be- 
 headed, i. 226. 
 
 ■ the bysshoppe of, escapes from tiie city to the 
 
 king of Nauer, i. 226, 
 
 Laquaire, the town of. See Quayre. 
 
 Late-cotners, numerous bauds of brigands so deno- 
 minated, who with the Companions commit great 
 1 avages in France during the peace w ith England, i. 
 266 et seq. 
 
 Laiibe (Lambe), John, appointed chamberlain to 
 
INDEX. 
 
 33 
 
 Vuan of Wales, i. 519. Assassinates him before 
 Mortaync, ,020. 
 Launoy, John, one of the commanders of the men 
 
 of Gaunt, slain at the church of Nieule, i. 630. 
 Layle (Lisle), the erie of, makes war in Gascone for 
 the king of France, i. 123. His territories invaded 
 by the erIe of Derby, 125. Besieges Aube- 
 roclic, 127- Taken prisoner by the crle of Derby, 
 129. His homage for certain lands in France 
 transferred to Edward the third, king of England, 
 2,0G. 
 Lazaran, the erle of, by a similitude of two thousand 
 capons, expresses his refusal to allow Lamoraba- 
 quy (Amuratli), a passage through his territories, 
 ii. 127. Makes preparations to resist the Turks, 
 127. Destroys thirty thousand of them, 128. 
 Le dos Julyan (Le-dos Jullian), the castle of, taken 
 by the French under Sir Gaultier de Paschac and 
 razed, ii, 120. 
 Lcger, St., the fortress of, taken by the English under 
 .the lord Neuyll, i. 525. 
 
 the lord of, mortally wounded by the 
 
 English near Comynes, and dies at Lysle, i. 
 763. 
 Leon, Sir Henry of, taken prisoner before Vannes, 
 i. 117. Liberated by king Edward the third, 121. 
 Dies at Angyers, 121. 
 
 Sir Espayne, accompanies Froissart to Bierne, 
 
 and relates to him many particulars respecting the 
 wars in Guyen, &c. ii. 51. 
 Lescu, the lord de, taken prisoner by the English at 
 
 Bergerath, i. 124. 
 Lescume, Sir Peter, slain before St. Malo, i. 519. 
 Lesey (Lacy), Sir Stephyn, taken prisoner by the duke 
 
 of Normandy at Athenys, i. 141. 
 Lespare, the lord, taken prisoner by the Spaniards 
 
 in his way from Burdeau.x to England, i. 493. 
 Lespres, the lord of, killed at the battle of Juberoth, 
 
 ii. 106. 
 Letters patent of homage of king Edward the third, 
 as duke of Guyen, to Philyp of Valoys, king of 
 France, i. 35. 
 or charters of the peace before Chartres, be- 
 tween Edward the third, and John, king of France, 
 i. 256, 359. 
 Letter of Edward the third, king of England, into 
 Acquitayne, requiring the barons, &c. to retain 
 their allegiance to him, i. 406. 
 
 the prince of Wales to the lord Dalbreth, 
 
 i. 324. 
 
 i. 324. 
 
 the lord Dalbreth, in answer to the above, 
 
 king Henry of Castyle to Edward, prince 
 
 of Wales, i. 329. 
 the prince of Wales, in answer to the 
 
 above, i. 330. 
 the commissioners of Charles the sixth, 
 
 king of France, to Philyp Dartuell, i. 7 1 1 • 
 Philyp Dartuell, in answer to the above^ 
 
 i. 7i2. 
 
 Letter of Philyp Dartuell to the prouost and citizens 
 
 of Tourney, i. 714. 
 Leufe (del Ovo), the castle of, set by enchantment in 
 the sea, and only to be won by the power of ny- 
 gromancy, i. 67 1 . 
 Lewe, la, the castle of, taken by the erle of Derby i 
 
 125. 
 Leyria, the town of. See Tuy. 
 Liege, the men of, refuse to receive the legate sent 
 into Almayne (Germany), by pope Bonyface, and 
 threaten to drown his messengers, ii. 765. 
 the byssliope of, endeavours to make peace be- 
 tween the erle of Flaunders and the bysshope of 
 Norwich, i. 764. 
 Lignac, Sir Helyon of, sent Uj treat with the duke of 
 Lancastre for the marriage of his daughter to the 
 duke of Berrey, ii. 360. 
 
 Sir William of, takes Sir Thomas Phelton 
 
 prisoner at the battle of Yuret, i. 494. Liberates 
 him on ransom, 496. Storms the castle of the 
 Egle (L'Aigle), ii. 4. Accompanies the duke of 
 Burbone to the assistance of the king of Castyle, 
 215. Arrives at Burgus, 238. Besieges the 
 castle of Vandachore (Ventadour), 334. 
 Line (Luna), the cardynall de la, elected pope at 
 
 Auygnon under the title of Benedict, ii. 604. 
 Linrenghen, Sir Gylberte of, goes to Turkey to nego- 
 ciate the liberation of John of Btirgoyne and the 
 other French prisoners in the hands of the Turks, 
 ii. 695. Dies on his return, 696. 
 Linyer, the lord of, taken prisoner by the duke of 
 Guerles at the battle of Rauesten, ii. 381. Hang- 
 ed, 381. 
 Lobeme (Limonia), the town of, taken by the erle of 
 
 Sauoy, ii. 124. 
 Loe, la, the march of, burned by the Flemings, i. 1 72. 
 Loheac, the lord of, slain at the battle of Alroy, i. 
 
 301. 
 London, the bysshop of, appointed to command an 
 
 expedition against Spayne, &c. i. 753. 
 Londoners, the, entertain queen Isabell of England 
 after she had taken her husband, Edward the se- 
 cond, prisoner, i. 13. Make great rejoicings for 
 the victory of the prince of Wales in Spayne, 345. 
 Dissatisfied with king Richard and his council, ap- 
 ply to the duke of Glocestre to take upon him the 
 government of the realm, ii. 275. Wait upon the 
 king at Wyndsore, to lay their grievances before 
 him, and to demand redress, 276. Prevail upon 
 the king to fix a day to examine into the conduct 
 of those who had had the management of the 
 finances, 277. Defeat the duke of Ireland and 
 the king's forces near Oxford, 291. Make great 
 presents to Isabell, queen of Richard the second, 
 on her arrival in London, 667. Wait upon die 
 king, at the instigation of the duke of Glocestre, 
 to demand the repeal of the taxes which had been 
 imposed to carry on the war with France, 685. 
 Wait on the king, and request him not to give up 
 Calais, 6S7. Take part with the erle of Derby in 
 
34 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 his quarrel with the erle marshall, 715. Rise in 
 favour of the erle of Derby (duke of Lancastre) 
 against Richard the second, 7-i7 ■ Send the arche- 
 bysshoppe of Canterbury to France to bring back 
 the erle of Derby, 737- Welcome his arrival with 
 the mayor at their head, and furnish him with an 
 army against the king, 742. Adopt proceedings 
 against the king and counsellors, 748 et secj. 
 
 Longeble (Langlov), Sir Kafe, taken prisoner by 
 the Scots at the battle of Ottenbourge (Otter- 
 bourne), ii. 39L). 
 
 Lonuall, Sir Willyam of, takes the castle of Mont 
 Paon, i. 429. Surrenders it to the duke of Lan- 
 castre, 431. 
 
 Lorayne, the duke of, slain at the battle of Cressy, i. 
 158. 
 
 Lornich (Lorvich), the town of, taken and burned by 
 the Spaniards, i. 530. 
 
 Lorrys, Sir Launcelotte of, slain by Sir John Cop- 
 lande in a just at Chierbourge, i. 54.5. 
 
 Louayng, Sir Nicolas, governor of Abuylle, taken 
 prisoner by Sir Hevve of Chastillon, i. 368. Takes 
 prisoner Sir Hewe of Chastillon, 400. 
 
 Lourde, the town and castle of, stormed and pillaged 
 by the duke of Aniou, i. 473. The town besieged 
 by him, ii. 59. Taken, 64 ; and bnrned, 65. 
 
 — the garrison of, take several places in France, 
 
 ii. 51 et seq. 
 
 Lourg (Laurche), in Heynault, burned by the duke 
 of Normandy, i. 68. 
 
 Louyers, the town of, taken and pillaged by the Eng- 
 lish under king Edward the third, i. 150. 
 
 Lowe, St., the town of, taken and pillaged by king 
 Edward the third, i. 148. 
 
 Loyes of Valoys, Sir, married by proxy to Margaret, 
 daughter of the king of Hungary, ii. 10. 
 
 . of Spayne, Sn-, raises the siege of Hanybout 
 
 (Hennebon), i. 104. Takes the town of Dynant, 
 &c. 105. Defeated at Camperle (Quimperlee), 
 by Sir Walter Manny, IO6. Demands of Sir 
 Charles of Bloys two knights taken prisoners, in 
 order to behead them, 109. Engages Sir Ro- 
 bert D'Arthoys at sea, 1 13. Lands atGuerande, 
 . 114. 
 
 Lucheu, the town of, burned by the duke of Lan- 
 castre, i. S99. 
 
 Lusenbourge, St. Peter of, cardynall, dies, and his 
 
 body works miracles, ii. 33 1 . 
 Lusignen, the town of, in Poyctou, burned by the erle 
 of Derby, i. l63. Surrenders to the Bretons 
 under Sir Bertram of Clesquy, 461. 
 Lusseborne, Sir John, and all his family, taken pri- 
 soner by the French in the castle of Varley, ii. 
 23. 
 Luzat (Lussac), the town and castle of, taken by Sir 
 
 Bertram of Clesquy, i. 446. 
 Luzemont, the castle of, in Bretayne, stormed by Sir 
 
 Bertram of Clesquy, i. 464. 
 Lybourne, the town of, taken by the erle of Derby, 
 i. 127. 
 
 Lycelle (Cette), the town of, taken and burned by 
 the erle of Heynault, i. 75. 
 
 Lyerbou (Lilburn), Sir John, taken prisoner by 
 the Scots at the battle of Ottenbourge (Otter- 
 bourne), ii. 399. 
 
 Lyeu, Saynt Aniande, in Heynault, burned by the 
 duke of Normandy, i. 68. 
 
 Lymoges, the city and castle of, ceded to Edward the 
 third, king of England, i. 256. Surrenders to the 
 duke of Berrey, i. 419- Taken by storm by the 
 prince of Wales, the inhabitants massacred, and 
 the town burned, i. 423. 
 
 the erle of, his homage for certain lauds iu 
 
 France transferred to the crown of England, i. 
 256. 
 
 Lymosyn, the county of, ceded to Edward the third, 
 king of England, i. 256. 
 
 Sir Raymonde, marshall of the king of 
 
 Castyle, sent by him to appease the inhabitants of 
 St. Yrayne (Santareni), ii. 92. Killed at the battle 
 of Juberoth, 107. 
 
 Lynde, the town of, besieged by the duke of Aniou, 
 i. 414. Delivered by the captall of Buz (Buch), 
 415. 
 
 Lyne, Sir Mores (Sir Manbrun de Linieres), taken 
 prisoner by the French before Soubise, i. 452. 
 Dies at Noye, in Spayne, ii. 306. 
 
 Lynsay, Sir James, takes prisoner Sir Mathew Red- 
 man after the battle of Ottenbourge, ii. 401. 
 Taken prisoner by the bysshop of Durham, 402. 
 
 . Sir Willyam of, with the Scots under his 
 
 command, defeats the English under Sir Thomas 
 Mosegraue, i. 507. 
 
 Lyon, king of Armony (Leo, king of Armenia), arrives 
 in France after losing his kingdom, ii. 1 22. Re- 
 lates particulars of the wars of the Turks, 124. 
 Arrives in England, and endeavours to negociate a 
 peace with France, 1 94. 
 
 Sir Guy of, taken prisoner at the battle of 
 
 Alroy, i. 301. 
 
 • the lord of, slain at the battle of Alroy, i. 
 
 301. 
 
 John, murders a man for the erle of Flounders, 
 
 i. 553. Appointed by the erle to the command of 
 his navy, 553. Offends the erle, who dispossesses 
 him of his command, 554. In resentment against 
 the erle, revives a faction in Gaunt, called the 
 White-hattes, 5b6. Instigates the men of Gaunt 
 to demand of the erle the preservation of their 
 franchises, 557. Pillages and burns the castle of 
 Andrehen, belonging to the erle, 563. Marches 
 against Bruges, 565. Dies at Ardenbourge, 
 566. 
 
 Richard, a rich merchant of London, beheaded 
 
 by Wat Tyler, i. 645. 
 Lys, the river, its course attempted to be turned from 
 
 Gaunt by the men of Bruges, i. b55. 
 Lysbon or Luxbone^Lisbon), the city of, besieged 
 
 by the king of Castyle, ii. 47, 90, 144. The siege 
 
 abandoned, 94, 145. 
 
INDEX. 
 
 35 
 
 Lvsle, Sir Willyam, relates to Froissart many parti- 
 culars relative to the affairs of England, &c. ii. 
 610,612. 
 
 Lystrc, Guillyani, of Stafforde, heads a body of in- 
 surgents iu the rebellion under Wat'Jyler, i. 648. 
 
 M. 
 
 Mac Murrougli, Arthur, king of Lynster. See Ar- 
 thur Mackemur. 
 
 Madalyn (Magdalen), a priest, persuaded by theerle 
 of Huiityngdou and other conspirators against 
 Henry the fourth, king of England, to personate 
 Richard the second, ii. 759- 
 
 Mahewe (Matthews), Gylbert, and his brothers, plot 
 the disgrace of John Lyon with the erle of Flaun- 
 ders, i. 353. Gylbert obtains John Lyon's office, 
 555. They acciinipany the bayly of Gaunt, who 
 is killed, in an attempt to arrest John Lyon, 560. 
 Escape to the erle of Flaunders, AGO. Their 
 houses pillaged, 56 1. 
 
 Makyrell (Maxwell), Sir John, takes Sir Rafe Percy 
 prisoner at the battle of Ottenbourge, ii. 398. 
 
 Malestroyt, the lord of, slain at the battle of Alroy, 
 i. 301. 
 
 Sir Henry of, taken prisoner at the battle 
 
 of Alroy, i. 301. 
 
 Maleuall, Sir Loyes of, turns to the French interest, 
 i. 40h. 
 
 Maio, St., seven Spanish ships burned in the hauyn 
 by the erle of Salisbury, i. 463. Surrenders to 
 Sir Bertram of Clesquy, 464. Besieged by the 
 duke of Lancastre, 488, 519, 522. The siege 
 abandoned, 527. Taken by Sir Olyuer of Clys- 
 son, ii. 358. 
 
 Maluoysin, the castle of, taken by the duke of Aniou, 
 ii. 59- Is given to the erle of Foiz, 67- 
 
 Malygnes (Mechlin), Berthault of, receives proposals 
 of marriage for his daughter from the duke of 
 Guerles, ii. 319- Marries her to the duke on 
 certain conditions, 320. 
 
 Manduraut, the castle of, taken by the erle of Derby, 
 i. 125. 
 
 Manners of the English and Gascons in the time of 
 
 Froissart, ii. 121. 
 Manny, Sir Gyles of, brother of Sir Walter, killed 
 before Cambray, i. 60. 
 
 • the lord of, the manner of his death and 
 
 discovery of his tomb by his son. Sir Walter 
 Manny, i. 132, who causes the body to be re-in- 
 terred at Valencennes, 133. 
 
 • Sir Olyuer of, taken prisoner at the battle of 
 
 Alroy, i. 301. Takes the king of Naiier prisoner, 
 330. Marries, 475. 
 
 Sir Walter, makes the first incursion under 
 
 Foret), 108. Kescues two knights from being put to 
 death by Sir Loves of Spayne, 109- Accompanies 
 theerle of Derby into Gascone, 122. I'rojccts the 
 surprise of the Fren( h aimy besieging Auberochc, 
 128. Finds the sepulchre of his father at Ryoll^ }SQ. 
 Harasses the French before Aguyllon, 143. Ob- 
 tains a safe-conduct from Aguyllon to join king 
 Edward at Calais, U)2. Taken prisoner, and 
 brought to the French king at l^arys, who intends 
 to put him to death, but is dissuaded by the duke 
 of Normandy, 162. Distnissed with presents, 
 l62. Arrives at Calais, and king Edward causes 
 him to return the French king's presents, l62. 
 Generously interfiles with king Edward to save 
 the burgesses of Calais, who had surrendered them- 
 selves to induce the king to spare their fellow- 
 townsmen, 175. Commands at the battle of Ca- 
 lais, and king Edward lights under his banner, 180. 
 Wounded at the battle of Nogent, 236. Fails in 
 persuading the duke of Lancastre to attack the 
 FVench army under the duke of Burgoyne, 397- 
 Surrenders in Aguyllon to the duke of Aniou, 
 [error, see notel, 413 Dies in London, and is 
 buried in the Charter-house, 439- 
 Marant, the castle of, taken by Sir Bertram of Cles- 
 quy, i. 455. 
 Marcell, Amergot, takes the castle of Aloys and other 
 places in Auuergne, i. 546 ef seq. Taken prisoner 
 and ransomed, 546. Takes by surprise the castle 
 of Marquell, 774. Refuses to join Perote le 
 Bernoys in taking Mountferrant, ii. 341. Laments 
 the want of opportunity to pillage, 480. Fortifies 
 himself in the Roche of Vandoys, 48 1 . Besieged 
 by the vycount of Meaulx, 486. Sends to Eng- 
 land to solicit assistance, 486. Secretly quits the 
 fortress to seek for aid, 492. During his absence 
 at Pyergourt his fortress surrenders, 494. Trea- 
 cherously arrested by a relative, to whom he had 
 applied for an asyhni), 496. Set on the pyllory 
 and beheaded at Parys, 497. 
 (Marseilles), the city of, submits to the du- 
 chess of Aniowe, ii. 3. 
 Marche, the erle of, taken prisoner by the English at 
 the battle near Newcastell, i. l66. 
 
 . the erle de la, appointed constable of the 
 
 English army under king Edward the third, i. 243. 
 the erle of, required by the duke of Glo- 
 
 cestre to become king of England instead of Ri- 
 chard the second, ii. 684. Dissimulates and re- 
 tires to Ireland, to avoid further communication 
 with the duke, 685. 
 
 the lord John of Burbon, erle of, commands 
 
 Edward the third, king of England, into France, 
 i. 50. Sent with an English force into Bretayne 
 io the assistaqce of the countess of Mountfort, 
 100. Arrives at Hanybout (Hennebon), 103. 
 Retakes the castle of Conquest, 105. Defeats 
 Sir Loys of Spayne atCamperle (Quimperle^), 106. 
 Takes the castle of Goney la Forest (Goy la 
 Vol. II. 5 K 
 
 an army against Don Peter, king of Castyle, i. 
 308. Joins the duke of Burbone at Nyort, ii. 4. 
 Taken prisoner by the Turks at the battle of Ny- 
 copoly, 67 1 . 
 
 Marchepoys, in Heynault, burned by the duke of Nor- 
 mandy, i. 66. 
 
 Marchienes, the abbey of, taken by the erle of Hey- 
 nault, i. 82. 
 
 Marchranuyll (Marchville), the castle of, taken by the 
 duke of Burgoyne, i. 291. 
 
36 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Marclays, Sir, executed in London for counselling 
 king Richard the second to put to death the duke 
 of Gloucestre, ii. 749. 
 
 Mare, the erle of, slain by the English at the battle 
 near Newcastell, i. 166. 
 
 Marettes, John, unjustly put to death at Parys, i. 
 749. 
 
 Margaret, countess of Heynault, takes possession of 
 the country as her inheritance after the death of erle 
 Willyam, i. 139. 
 
 of Hungary, married by procuration to 
 
 Loys of Valoys, ii. 10. Forcibly married by Sir 
 Henry de Blanquefort, brother of the king of Al- 
 mayne, ii. 19. 
 
 Marie, the castle of, taken by the duke of Berrey, i. 
 454. 
 
 Marneyle, Sir Raymon of, turns to the French inte- 
 rest, i. 406. Taken prisoner by the English, 
 427. Destined to be put to death by king Edward 
 the third, but escapes by the connivance of his 
 keeper, 427. 
 
 Marquayre, St., surrenders to the duke of Aniou, i. 
 476, 497. 
 
 Marquell, the castle of, in Auuergne, taken byAmer- 
 got Marcell, i. 774. 
 
 Marquylles, Sir Richard of, taken prisoner by the 
 English at St. Quyntyn, i. 590. 
 
 Marshall, the erle, of England. See Notynghani, 
 the erle of. 
 
 Marshalse, the, and other prisons in London, broken 
 open and the prisoners liberated by the insurgents 
 under Wat Tyler, i. 645. 
 
 Martell (Marcell), Stephyn, prouost of the merchants 
 of Parys, kills three knights in the apartment of 
 the regent, i. 215. Builds walls round Parys, 
 217. Killed by John Mayllart, while attempting 
 to betray the city to the English and Nauerois, 
 no j_ 
 
 Martheras, the battle of, between a party from the 
 
 French garrisons and a party from Lourde, ii. 
 
 62. 
 Martre, in Heynault. See Artuell, in Heynault. 
 Martyn, St., Jakes of, mortally wounds Sir John 
 
 Chandos at the bridge of Lussac, i. 403. 
 MastuU, the castle of, taken by the French under Sir 
 
 Gaultier of Paschac, ii. 120. 
 Mathe, a grayhound so called, a favourite of Richard 
 
 the second, king of England, quits him and fawns 
 
 upon the duke of Lancastre, ii. 746. 
 Mathevve, St., of Fyne Poterne (St. Mathieu Fin de 
 
 terie), the to\\n of, in Bretayne, surrenders to Sir 
 
 Bertram of Clesquy, i 4()4. Retaken by the duke 
 
 of Bretayne, 479. Retaken by Sir Olyuer of 
 
 Clysson, ii. 358. 
 Mauberen (Maubert), tlie fortress of, taken by the 
 
 English under the lord Neuyll, i. 525. 
 Mauber Fountaynes, the town of, taken and burned 
 
 by the erle of Heynault, i. 62. 
 Maubeu, the lord, beheaded at Roan, i. 188. 
 Mauconsell, the castle of, t;iken by the king of Nauer, 
 
 1. 223. Besieged by the duke of Normandy, 
 
 223. Sold by the garrison, and razed to the 
 ground, 237. 
 
 Maudurant, Geronet, taken prisoner with his men in 
 Auuergne by Sir John Boesme Launce (Bonne- 
 lance), and carried to Mountferant, ii. 337. Ran- 
 somed, 339. Rc-enlers Mountferant in disguise, 
 340. Lets in at night Perot le Beinoys and his 
 company in disguise, 344. 
 
 Maulyon, the bastot of, relates his adventures to 
 Froissart at Ortaise, ii. 79- Taken prisoner by 
 the French, 81. 
 
 (Moron), the town of, taken by the erle of 
 
 Derby, i. 134. Surrenders to the duke of Aniou, 
 476. 
 
 Maunte, the town of, taken by the French under the 
 lord Bouciquant, i. 281. 
 
 Maures (Muros), the town of, in Galyce, surrenders 
 to the duke of Lancastre, ii. 222. 
 
 Mauuoysin, the lord of, taken prisoner by Sir Robert 
 Canoll (KnoUes), i. 601. 
 
 Maxat, St., the town of, in Poyctou, taken by the 
 duke of Berrey, i. 454. 
 
 Mayiorke, or Mallorques (Majorca), the kingdom of, 
 conquered by Peter, king of Aragon, and annexed 
 to his crown, ii. 204. 
 
 Mayllart, John, a citizen of Parys, prevents the city 
 being betrayed by the prouost of the merchants, ii. 
 221 . 
 
 Maystrude (Menstre worth), Sir John, disapproves of 
 the measures of Sir Robert Canoll, i. 425. E.k- 
 ecuted in London, 435. 
 
 ^leaulx, the vycount of, ordered by the king of 
 France to march against Aymergot Marcell, ii. 
 483. Besieges him in the Roche of Vandoys, 
 486. Receives letters from king Richard the se- 
 cond and the duke of Lancastre, requiring him to 
 abandon the siege, 488 ; and from the duke of 
 Berrey, 490. Takes the fortress, 494. 
 
 Melle (Nielle), Sir William of, taken prisoner by the 
 English at Lyques, i. 477 ; and again by them at 
 St. Venaunt, 761. 
 
 Melun, the town of, on the Seyne, besieged by the 
 duke of Normandy, i. 233. 
 
 Melwall, Sir Loys of, taken prisoner at the battle of 
 Poycters, i. 200. 
 
 Mendrich, Sir Dangoues, slain at the battle of Jube- 
 roth, ii. loo. 
 
 Menyuell (Mourville) la gorge, burned by the Fle- 
 mings in the interest of king Edward the third, i. 
 172. 
 
 Mercier, Sir John, one of the ministers of Charles 
 the si.xth, king of France, committed to prison 
 during the regency of the dukes of Berrey and 
 Burgoyue, ii. 581. His property confiscated, 581. 
 Nearly loses his eye-sight through grief, 584. 
 Released from prison, 631. 
 
 Merle, the castle, town, and seignorie of, ceded by 
 France to Edward the third, king of England, i, 
 257. 
 
 Merlo Goussalenas of, slain at the battle of Jube- 
 roth, ii. 154. 
 
INDEX. 
 
 37 
 
 Meslyn, the lytell, chief captain of the Companions 
 ill Luseubuige (Luxembourg), put to death, li. 
 
 323. 
 Mcsuvll (Neville), Sir Will) am, taken prisoner by 
 
 Sir'Bertram of Clesquy at Pout Valout, i. 426. 
 Messyne (Malines), the town of, surrenders to Charles 
 
 the sixth, king of France, i. 730. Surreudtrs again 
 
 to the bysshop of Norwich, 7f»2. 
 Meulecke (Meulan), the town of, taken by the French 
 
 under the lord Boucequaut, i. 281. 
 Mew rous (Melrose), the abbey of, burned by Richard 
 
 the spcond, king of England, ii. 20. 
 MieLx, Dassue Martyne of, slain at the battle of Ju- 
 
 beroth, ii. 154. 
 Vassue (Vasco), Martyne of, and Vassue his 
 
 son, slain at the battle of Juberoth, ii. 154. 
 Milhaud, the castle of. See Laraulae. 
 Miracles performed by a statue of the Virgin, &c. at 
 
 Bourbourc, i. 778 ; and by the body of cardynall 
 
 St. Peter, of Lusenbourge, ii. 331. 
 Miraculous appearances seen by the Sarazyns during 
 
 the siege of Aufryke, ii. 504. 
 Mirpoyse (Mirepoix), the lord of, slain at Bergerath, 
 
 j. 124. 
 Molayne (Manley), the lord, compelled by the insur- 
 gents under Wat Tyler to accompany them to Lon- 
 don, i. 642. 
 Molmeux (Molineaux), the castle of, taken by the 
 
 French under the lord Coucy, i. 51 6. 
 Mommorency, Sir Charles of, taken prisoner at the 
 
 bridge of Cressyn, i. 83. Escapes with the king 
 
 of France and four other barons after the battle of 
 
 Cressy, 1 59- 
 the lord of, goes to England as a hos- 
 tage for John, king of France, i. 264. 
 Mons, the erle of, taken prisoner at the battle of 
 
 Poycters, i. 200. 
 Monsac (Moissac), the town of, in Quercy, taken by 
 
 the English under Sir John Chandos, i. 381. 
 
 Surrenders to the duke of Anion, 4 ! 3, 475. 
 Monstier, Sir Peter of, cardynall of Arras, appointed 
 
 chief of a croysey (croisade), against the Compa- 
 nions in France, i. 272. 
 Monstrell boyuin (Montreuil Bonin), the town of, 
 
 taken by the erle of Derby, i. 163. 
 Montague (Montacute), Sir Willyam, created erle of 
 
 Salisbury by king Edward the third, i. 39. 
 the lord Willyam of, .slain at the battle of 
 
 Poycters, i. 200. 
 Montaubon, the battle of, between Sir Guy Dazay 
 
 and the Companions, i. 321. 
 Montegny, the lord of, taken prisoner by Hanekyn 
 
 Francoys, i. 233. 
 Monteil, the battle of. See Nantueyle. 
 Montendre, the lord of, taken prisoner at the battle 
 
 of Poycters, i. 202. 
 Monteny, in Heyuault, burned by the duke of Nor- 
 mandy, i. 68. 
 Montigny, the lord of, slain before Gaunt, i. 659. 
 Montmorelon, the lord of, taken prisoner at the 
 battle of Moutaubon, i. 322. 
 
 5K 2 
 
 Monyg (Main), in Heynault, burned by the duke of 
 Normandy, i. 67. 
 
 Morayne, the lord of, killed at the battle of Juberoth, 
 ii. 106. 
 
 Morbecke, Sir Denyce, takes prisoner John, king of 
 France, at the battle of Poycters, i. 202. Is re- 
 warded by the prince of Wales, 207. 
 
 More, St., the abbey of, on the Loyre, taken by the 
 English under the erle of Pembroke, i. 398. 
 
 Moret (Moray or Murray), the erle of, taken prisoner 
 by the English before Newcastell, i. 95. Ex- 
 changed for the erle of Salisbury, 100. A second 
 time taken prisoner by the English at the battle 
 near Newcastell, i. l66. 
 
 Morette (Moray), the erle of, counsels Sir Geffray 
 Charny to advise the French to enter England by 
 the way of Scotland, i. 788. Welcomes the ar- 
 rival of the French armament at Edenborowe with 
 the forces for the invasion of England, ii. 7. 
 
 Morlayne, Sir Pyncharde of, and Sir Trystram 
 his brother, die of fatigue before Aufrjke, ii. 
 509. 
 
 Mornay, Sir John of, taken prisoner by the English 
 at St. Quyntines, i. 590. 
 
 Moro, Diego. See Dygomor. 
 
 Mortan, the lord of, slain at the battle of Juberoth, 
 
 ii. 154. 
 Mortayne, Sir John of, slain by the Spaniards in the 
 sea-tight off Rochelle, i. 442. 
 
 . • the town of, in Normandy, taken by Sir 
 
 Bertram of Clesquy, i. 486. 
 
 (Mortain sur Mer), the town of, in Poyc- 
 
 tou, taken by the erle of Derby, i. 163. Besieged 
 by Sir Yuan of Wales, 500, 519- The siege 
 raised by the lord Neiiyll, 524. 
 Mortymer, the castle of, surrenders to Sir Bertram 
 of Clesquy, i. 461. 
 
 Sir Roger, counsels king Edward the third 
 
 in his government, i. 15. Takes bribes of the 
 Scots invaders, 25. Created erle of Marche 
 against the will of the barons, 28. Ignominiously 
 put to death, 32. 
 Mosegraue, Sir Thomas, taken prisoner by the Scots 
 
 under Sir Willyam of Lyndsay, i. 507. 
 Mote, Sir Aubert de la, dies of fatigue before Au- 
 fryke, ii. 509. 
 Moton (New ton), Sir John, governor of Rochester 
 castle, forced by the insurgents under Wat Tyler to 
 accompany them to London, i. 642. Compelled 
 by them to go on an embassy to king Richard the 
 second, 64.3. 
 Mouceaulx (Moncheau), in Heynault, burned by the 
 
 duke of Normandy, i. 67. 
 Moulyne, Sir John de, taken prisoner at Eraenj-n by 
 
 the English, i. 765. 
 Mountbelyert, the erle of, invades the duchy of Bur- 
 
 goyne, i. 292. 
 Mountbourgue, the town of, pillaged and burned by 
 
 the English, i. 146. 
 Mountcombre (Montgomery), the lord of, fights hand 
 to hand with Sir Henry Percy at the battle of Ot- 
 
38 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 tenbourge (Otterbouine), and takes liitji prisoner, 
 
 ii. 399. 
 
 Mountcontour, the castle of, in Poyctou, taken by the 
 English under lord Thomas Percy, i. 433. Re- 
 taken "by Sir Bertram of Clesquy, 447. 
 
 Mountferant, the town of, taken by stratagem by 
 Perot le Bernoys, ii. 340. 
 
 the marqnis of, leads the Companions 
 
 into Lombardy, i- 272. Conquers several places 
 from the lords of Myllayne, '272. 
 
 Mountfort, the erie of, takes measures to secure to 
 himself the duchy of Bretayne after the death of 
 his brother, i. 8£>. Takes the town of Brest and 
 several other places, 87 et seq. Does homage to 
 Edward the third, king of England, for the duchy 
 of Bretayne, 90. Summoned before the parlia- 
 ment of Parys, at the suit of the lord Charles of 
 Bloys, 90. Taken prisoner by the French, 93. 
 Dies in the Loure (Louvre) at Parys, 93. 
 
 . — ■ the lord of, escapes with the French king 
 
 and four other barons from the battle of Cressy, i. 
 159. 
 
 the lord John of, defeats the forces of the 
 
 lord Charles of Bloys at the battle of Alroy, i. 
 299. His behaviour on seeing the body of his 
 adversary, 302. Takes Alroy and other places, 
 303 et seq. Makes peace with the king of France, 
 and is acknowledged duke of Bretayne, 305. [For 
 subsequent particulars of this personage, see Bre- 
 tayne, John duke of.] 
 
 the countess of, carries on the war against 
 
 the lord Charles of Bloys after the capture of her 
 husband, i. 93. Solicits assistance from England 
 100. Besieged by Sir Charles of Bloys in Hany- 
 bout (Hennebon), 101. Displays great courage 
 in the defence of the town, 101. Enters into a 
 truce with the lord Charles of Bloys, and goes to 
 England, 111. Returns to Bretayne with rein- 
 forcements under Sir Robert of Arthoys, 113. 
 Visits king Edward the third at the siege of 
 Vannes, 1 1 6. Is visited by him after his truce 
 with the French, 120. Her forces take Sir 
 Charles of Bloys prisoner at Rochedaren, 171. 
 
 Mountgyse (Montgis), the castle of, taken by the erle 
 of Derby, i. 125. 
 
 Mountioy, the town, burned by the English under 
 king Edward the third, i. 150. 
 
 Mount Jardyne, Sir Baudwyu of, influences the by- 
 shopric of Liege to remain neuter in the affairs of 
 the church, ii. 765. 
 
 Mounikarell, the lord of, taken prisoner by the free- 
 booters of Almay.ie (Germany), ii. 413. 
 
 Mouiitlewe, the castle of, stormed by the French 
 under the duke of Burbone, ii. 5. 
 
 Mouutmorillon, tlie castle of, in Poyctou, taken by 
 Sir Bertram of Clesquy, i. 446. 
 
 Mount Paon, the castle of, surrenders to the French 
 under Sir Willyam Lonuall, i. 429. Retaken by 
 the duke of Lancastre, 431. 
 
 MountpcUyer, the town of, surrenders to the duke of 
 Auiou, i. 413. 
 
 Mouutpellyer, the town and barony of, belonging to 
 the king of Nauer, seized by the French, i. 5 13. 
 
 Mountpensier, the erle of. See Berrey, John of. 
 
 Mountpesance (Monpouillant), the castle of, taken 
 by the erle of Derby, i. 134. 
 
 Mountpyn, the fortress of, taken by Sir Thomas Try- 
 uet, i. 531. 
 
 Mountsangon, the castle of, taken by the king of 
 Nauer's forces, i. 227. 
 
 Mountsegure surrenders to the erle of Derby, i. 130. 
 Taken by the duke of Auiou, 497. 
 
 Mourase, Sir Adam of, slain at the battle of Jube- 
 roth, ii. 154. 
 
 Mucydent, the lord of, killed before Chargny en 
 Dormoys, i. 248. 
 
 the lord of, taken prisoner by the French 
 
 at the battle of Yuret, i. 494. Turns to the 
 French party, 496. Returns to the English inte- 
 rest, 537. 
 
 Muttrel on the see (Montreuil sur Mer), the vyxiount 
 of, his homage for certain lands in France, trans- 
 ferred to Edward the third, king of England, i. 
 256. 
 
 Myllayne, Galeas, erle of Vertues, duke of, his ter- 
 ritories invaded by the erle of Armynake, ii. 525. 
 Reinforces the garrison of Alexaundre, 529. Sends 
 presents to the great Turk, and informs him of the 
 expedition intended against him under John of Bur- 
 goyne, 648. Particulars respecting liis ancestors 
 and family, 649. Sends his defiance to the king 
 of France, 652. 
 
 Myrabell (Mirabeau), the town of, taken by the erle 
 of Derby, i. 163. 
 
 Myremont (Miramont), taken by the erle of Derby, 
 i. 135. Retaken by the duke of Normandy, 
 140. 
 
 Namure, Sir Loyes of, taken prisoner by the duke of 
 
 Julyers, ii. 325. 
 Sir Philyp of, slain at Teremonde (Dendre- 
 
 monde), i. 627. 
 
 Sir Robert of, does homage to Edward the 
 
 third, king of England, before Calais, i. 1 70. Pre- 
 pares to assist him against France, 386. Joins 
 the English forces under the duke of Lancastre 
 before Tornelien, 389. Defeats a party of the 
 French in a skirmish, 39fi. Gives the town of 
 Sluys to the duke of Burgoyne in exchange for the 
 country of Bethune, ii. 16. Taken prisoner by the 
 duke of Julyers, ii. 325. 
 
 Sir Willyam of, taken prisoner by the duke 
 
 of Julyers, ii. 325. 
 
 Nantes, the town of, taken by Sir Charles of Bloyes, 
 i. 92. Besieged by king Edward the third, II6. 
 Surrenders to Sir Bertram of Clesquy, 466. Be- 
 sieged by the erle of Buckingham, 607. 
 
 Nantueyle (Monteil), the battle of, between king 
 Henry of Castyle and Don Peter (Pedro), i. 
 354. 
 
 Naples, the queen of, visits pope Clement, and ro 
 
INDEX. 
 
 39 
 
 lates her grievances, i. 550. Surrenders her do- 
 niinioiis to liim, 550. 
 
 Narbon, the erle of, taken prisoner at the battle of 
 Montaubon, i. 322. 
 
 Naval engagement, before Sluys, between the French 
 and English, i. 72. Ofl" the hauyn of La Bay, in 
 Bretayne, between the English and Flemynges, 
 435. Before KochcUe, between the erle of Fern- 
 broke and the Spaniards, 440, 442. Off Cagant 
 (Cadsaiid), between the erle of Arundell and the 
 Flemynges under Sir John Buck, ii. 216. 
 
 Nauare, the erle of (count of Novaire), constable of 
 Portyngale), slain at the battle of Juberoth, ii. 
 154. The Castellyans at Valewyde (Valverde) de- 
 feated by him, 155. 
 
 Nauaret(Nazaret), the castle of, taken by the French 
 under Sir Gaultyer Paschac, and razed, ii. 120. 
 
 . or Najara, the battle of, between the prince 
 
 of Wales and Henry khig of Castyle, i. 336. 
 
 the town of, taken by the prince of Wales, 
 
 342. 
 
 Nauer, Sir Loyes of, takes the town of Charyte, i. 
 29 1 . Marries the queen of Naples, 306. Dies, 
 306. 
 
 •^-—^ Philyp of, refuses to deliver the possessions 
 of his brother Charles, king of Nauer, in Nor- 
 mandy, to the king of France, and raises an army 
 to defend them, i. 1^9. Makes St. Eureu.\ his 
 head quarters for the war in Normandy, 214. His 
 reasons for declining to visit his brother in Parys, 
 216. Raises an army to raise the siege of St. Va- 
 lery, 229- Makes a rapid retreat before a supe- 
 rior French force, 230. Refuses to accept the 
 peace which had been concluded between his bro- 
 ther and the duke of Normandy, 234. 
 
 Neell, the lord Guy of, marshall of France, defeated 
 and taken prisoner by the English in Xaynton, i. 
 182. Slain, 183. 
 
 the lord Willyam of, taken prisoner at Xayn- 
 ton, i. 182. Slain at the battle of Poycters, 
 200. 
 
 Nendreche, Sir Dangonnes, killed at the battle of 
 Juberoth, ii. 107- 
 
 Neuers, the erle of. Sec Burgoyne, John of. 
 
 Neville, Sir WiUiam. See Mesuyll. 
 
 Neuyll, the lord, raises the siege of Mortayne, i. 524. 
 Takes St. Mauberen, 525. Dismissed from his 
 command in Northumberland, ii. 389. 
 
 Newcastell, the battle near, between the English and 
 Scots, i. 165. 
 
 (Chateau-neuf ), the lorde of, taken pri- 
 soner by the English at Bergerath, i. 124. 
 
 — (Chateau-neuf), Sir John of, taken pri- 
 
 soner by the Scots at the battle of Ottenbonrge 
 (Otterbourne), ii. 405. 
 
 -- of Raudone (Chateau-neuf de Raudon), 
 
 the castle of, in Auuergne, taken by the French 
 under Sir Bertram of Clesquy, who dies before it, 
 i. 583. 
 Newfuylle, in Heynaidt, burned by the duke of Nor- 
 mandy, i. 68. 
 
 Newport, the town of, in Flaunders, taken by the 
 bysshopof Norwich, i. 762. Retaken by the king 
 of France, 778. 
 
 Newton, Sir John. See Moton. 
 
 Nielie, Sir Willyam of. See Melle. 
 
 Nieule(Nivcle), the church of, burned by the erle of 
 Flaunders, with several hundreds of the men of 
 Gaunt in it, i. 629. 
 
 Nissa,'the town of. See Coniectc. 
 
 Nogent, the battle of, between the French under the 
 lord Broquart of Fenestrages and the English under 
 Sir Eustace Dambreticourt, i. 235. 
 
 the fortress of, sold to the bysshop of Troves, 
 
 i. 237. 
 
 Norbernyche (North- Berwick), Sir Willyam of, chap- 
 lain to the erle of Duglas, iights valiantly at the 
 battle of Ottenbourge (Otterbourne), ii. 398. 
 Made Archdeacon of Abredan (Aberdeen), 398. 
 
 Normandy, the duchy of, invaded and devastated by 
 Edward the third,- king of England, i. 145 et seq. 
 The right to it renounced by him, 257. 
 
 John duke of, invades Heynault, and burns 
 
 numerous towns in his progress, i. 65. Besieges 
 Thyne Leuesque, 69. Enters Bretayne with Sir 
 Charles of Bloyes, 92. Leads a large army to 
 oppose Edward the third, king of England, in Bre- 
 tayne, 118. Enters into a truce with him, 119. 
 Leads an army, into Gascone to oppose the erle of 
 Derby, 140. Takes the castle of Myremont and 
 other places, 140 et seq. Besieges Aguyllon, 
 142. Abandons the siege, l6l. Marries Jane, 
 countesse of Bolayne, 181. Crowned king of 
 France, 182. [For subsequent particulars of (his 
 prince, see John, king of France.] 
 
 Charles duke of, appointed regent of 
 
 France during the imprisonment of king John in 
 England, i. 2!0. Quarrels with the prouost of 
 the merchants inhispalays, and three of his knights 
 slain in his presence, 215. Compelled to pardon 
 the offenders, 215. Besieges Parys, 219. Makes 
 peace with the king of Nauer, 219. Re-enters Parys, 
 222. Lays siege to Melune, 233. Collects a 
 force to drive the English out of Champayne, 234. 
 Refuses to ratify the peace concluded between king 
 John and the English, 238. Declines to accept 
 the challenge of Edward the third, king of Eng- 
 land, 253. Endeavours to make peace with him, 
 2S5. Appointed regent on the departure of king 
 John to visit England, 278. Crowned king of 
 France at Reynes, 290. [For subsequent parti- 
 culars of this prince, see Charles the fifth, king of 
 France.] 
 
 Northumberlande, the erle of, his creation, i. 483. 
 Retakes Berwyke castle by storm from the Scots, 
 503. Enters Scotland with a large army, 505. 
 Appointed wardeyn of Northumberlande, &c. 
 639. Enters Scotland with a large force, 784. 
 Banished the realm by king Richard the second, 
 ii. 735. Recalled by the duke of Lancastre, 
 748. 
 
 Norwich, the bysshop of, appointed by pope Vrbane 
 
INDEX. 
 
 commander of a croysey against the Clemcntyns, 
 i. 752. Enters Flaunders, contrary to the advice 
 of Sir Hugh Caurell (Calverley), 754. Takes the 
 town of Grauclyng and other places, 755 et seq. 
 Refuses to let messengers from the erle of Flaun- 
 ders pass to England, 757- Besieges Ipre, 7f)2. 
 Ab^indons the siege, 7^7. Returns to England, 
 767. Badlv received on his return, 778. 
 
 Norwych, John, escapes with his garrison from An- 
 golesme by a device, i. I4'2. 
 
 Notyngham, the erle of, his creation, i. 483. Is 
 erle marshall of England, and arrests the duke of 
 Glocestre by order of king Richard the second, ii. 
 692. Challenges the erle of Derby in the king's 
 presence, 7 12. Banished the kingdom, 716. Dies 
 of grief at Venyce, 764. 
 
 Noyon, the bysshop of, taken prisoner at Mauconsel, 
 i. 224. 
 
 Nyche (Aniche), the town of, in Heynault, burned 
 by the duke of Normandy, i. 68. 
 
 Nycopoly, the town of, in Tmkey, besieged by the 
 king of Hungary and John of Burgoyne, ii. 648. 
 The siege raised by Lamorabaquy (Bajazet), 
 667. 
 
 the battle of, between the combined ar- 
 mies of the king of Hungary and John of Bur- 
 goyne and the great Turk Lamorabaquy (Bajazet), 
 ii. 668. 
 
 Nygret, the village of, pillaged and burned by the 
 English under Sir Thomas Tryuet, i. 534. 
 
 Nygromancer, a, of Toilet (Toledo), occasions Henry, 
 king of Castyle, to abandon the siege of Bayone, 
 i. 518. 
 
 Nygromancers, certain, accuse the duchess of Orly- 
 aunce of having bewitched Charles the sixth, king 
 of France, ii. 680. 
 
 Nyorlh, the town of, stormed by the English, i. 450. 
 Surrenders to Sir Bertram of Clesquy, 4 jO. 
 
 O. 
 
 Obeys, in Heynault, burned by the duke of Norman- 
 dy, i. 66. 
 
 O'Connor, king of Connaught. See Conhue, king 
 of Cheueno and Darpe. 
 
 Ogle, Sir Thomas, taken prisoner by the Scots at 
 the battle of Ottenbouige (Otterbourne), ii. 
 399. 
 
 O'Neal, king of Meath. See Ancle, king of Mecte. 
 
 Orchies, the town of. Sec Dorchies. 
 
 Oriflambe, the, a precious banner sent from heaven, 
 displayed by the king of France at the battle of 
 Rosebeque, in Flaunders, i. 738. 
 
 Origny, saynt Benoyste, burned by the English, i. 
 54. 
 
 Orlyaunce, the duke of [fur previous particulars 
 of this prince, see Thourayne, the duke of], ac- 
 companies Charles the sixth, king of France, in his 
 expedition against the duke of Bretayne, ii. 569. 
 Declines being present at the judgment of the par- 
 
 liament on Sir Olyuer of Clysson, 585. Acci- 
 dentally occasions four knights to be burned to 
 death, and endangers the king's life at a masked' 
 dance in Parys, 590. Opposes the marriage of 
 the king's daughter to Richard the second, king of 
 England, 626. Succeeds to the possession of the 
 county of Bloys, by the death of the erle, 705. 
 
 Orlyaunce, the duchess of, suspected of attempting to 
 poison the dolphyn of France, ii. 651. Suspected 
 of causing the king's illness by enchauntment, 652. 
 Accused of it by certain nygromancers, 680. 
 Leaves Parys in consequence, 680. 
 
 ■ Philyp duke of, son to Philyp, king of 
 
 Fraunce, goes to England as a hostage for king 
 John, i. 264. 
 
 Ormonde, the erle of, induces four kings of Ireland 
 to submit themselves to Richard the second, king 
 of England, at Duuelyn (Dublin), ii. 620. 
 
 Orsell (Worsley), Sir Geffray, taken prisoner by Sir 
 Bertram of Clesquy at Pont Valont, i. 426. 
 
 Ortayse (Ortingas), the town of, taken by Peter Dan- 
 chin, ii. 5'^.. 
 
 Orthone, a familiar spirit, sent by a priest to torment 
 the lorde of Corasse, ii. 110. Agrees to leave the 
 priest and serve the lorde of Cora.sse, 111. Quits 
 his service, 1 12. 
 
 Osmelnall (Ausnes le sec), in HeyiMiult, burned by 
 the duke of Normandy, i. 66. 
 
 Ostrate, Water, takes the castle of Robeboyse, i. 
 248. 
 
 Ostre, the erle of, slain at the battle near Newcastell, 
 i. 166. 
 
 Ostrenan (Ostrevant), the country of, in Heynault, 
 ravaged by the garrison of Dowaye, i. 68. 
 
 Ostreuaunt, tlie erle of, goes to the grand entertain- 
 ment of king Richard the second at London, ii. 
 511. Wins a prize at the justs, 513. Created a 
 knight of the garter, 514. Gives offence to the 
 king of France by his acceptance of that order, 514. 
 Required to do homage to the king of France for 
 the county of Ostreuaunt, 515. Raises an army 
 to invade Frese (Friesland), 640. Invades Frese, 
 iJoH. Disbands his army, 6Q3. Invites the erle 
 of Derby to Heynault after he had been banished 
 from England, 719- 
 
 Ottenbourge (Otterbourne), the battle of, between 
 the Scots and the English, ii. 396. 
 
 Oudenardc, the town of. See Andwarpe. 
 
 Ouen, St. near Parys, the fraternyte of the house of, 
 published, i. 182. 
 
 Ourde, Sir John. See Maystrude (Menstreworth), 
 Sir John. 
 
 Oxenforde* (Oxford), the erle of, advises king Ri- 
 chard the second to distrust the counsels of his 
 uncles, ii. £9. Endeavours to dissuade him from 
 assisting them in their pretensions to the crown 
 of Castyle, 45. Created duke of Irelande, 200. 
 [For subsequent particulars of this nobleman, sec 
 Irelande, the duke of.] 
 
 This noblemau has been eiroueoiisly called " Suflolk" at p. 29 and 30, vol. ii. 
 
INDEX. 
 
 41 
 
 Oxford, the eile of. See Quenfort. 
 Oye, the seignory of, ceded to Edward the third, king 
 of England, i. 257. 
 
 P. 
 Panpylone (Pampehnia), the town of, besieged by 
 the king of Castyle, i. 5 1 8. The siege reHiiquished, 
 532. 
 Parteney, Sir GefFray of, taken prisoner by the Por- 
 tuguese at the battle of Juberoth, ii. 103. Killed, 
 10(i. 
 Parys, the city of, evacuated by Philyp of Valoys, 
 king of France, on the approach of the English 
 army under Edward the third, king of England, i. 
 150. First inclosed with walls, 217- Besieged 
 by the duke of Normandy, 219. A massacre of 
 its inhabitants prevented, 221. They rebel against 
 king Charles the sixtli, on account of the taxes, 8cc. 
 668, 687, 730. The city gates avid chains re- 
 moved, 748. The citizens heavily fined, 749- 
 They make rich piesents to IsabcU of Bauier, 
 queen of Charles the sixth, on her marriage and 
 entry, and to the king and duchess of Tliourayne, 
 ii. 434. 
 Sir John, taken prisoner at the battle of No- 
 gent, i. 236. 
 Paschac, Sir Gaultier of, takes St. Forget and several 
 other places in the Tholousyne, ii. 115 et seq. 
 Accompanies the duke of Burbon in an expedition 
 into Castyle, 215. Obtains leave of the erie of 
 Foyz to pass through his territories with a French 
 army, 2S0. Arrives at Burgus, 238. 
 Past (Passy), the town of, taken by the French under 
 
 the lord of Coucy, i. 516. 
 Patryke's, St. Purgatorie (St. Patrick's Hole), in 
 Ireland, described to Froissart by Sir Willyam 
 Lysle, ii. 610. 
 Patrys, the erle (Patrick, erle of Dunbar?), slain 
 by the English at the battle near Newcastell, i. 
 166. 
 Pauy, Sir Aniery of, a Lombarde, governor of Ca- 
 lais, agrees with Sir GeftVay of Charney to sell him 
 the town, i. 178. Prevented by king Edward the 
 third, 178. 
 Pembroke, the erle of, sent to the assistance of the 
 prince of Wales in Acquitayue, i. 370. Makes 
 war in Pycrgourt, 8cc. 371- Declines serving 
 with Sir JohnChandos in an incursion into Anion, 
 390. Invades Aniou after him, 391. Is surprised 
 by the French on his return, who rol) him of his 
 booty, 39 1 . Narrowly escapes being captured, 
 
 392. Sends to Sir .John Chandos for assistance, 
 
 393. Makes another irruption into Aniou, 398. 
 Succeeds to the estates and property of Sir Walter 
 Manny, 439- Appointed governor of Poictou, 
 439- Defeated and taken prisoner by the Spa- 
 niards at the sea battle off llochelle, 440, 442. 
 Insulted by Yuan of Wales at St. Andrewe, in 
 Gaiyce, 446. Ransomed, 475. Dies at Arras, 475. 
 
 Percy, the lord, dies in Castyle, ii. 306. 
 Percy, lord Henry, appointed commander in chief of 
 the forces in Norlhumberlande, ii. 390. Fights 
 
 hand to hand with the erle Duglas, who takes his 
 pennon, ,393. Taken prisoner at the battle of 
 Ottenbourge, 399. 
 
 Sir Rate, taken prisoner at the battle of Otten- 
 bourge, ii. 398. 
 
 Sir Thomas, appointed seneschall of Poictou, 
 
 i. 405. Takes the castle of Mountcontour, 433. 
 Taken prisoner by the French at Soubyse, 452. 
 Goes to Portyngale as admiral of the navy in the 
 duke of Lancastre's expedition against Castjle, ii. 
 157. Goes ambassadour to Parys with two other 
 nobles to treat for a peace with France, 521. 
 Resigns his office of sovereign squire of the 
 house to king Richard the second, 69O. Sent 
 to Burdeaux to appease the discontents there, 
 756. 
 
 Perriere (Pereyra), Radigos, slain at the battle of Ju- 
 beroth, ii. 154. 
 
 Persement, Sir Digo, killed at llie battle of Juberoth, 
 ii. 107. 
 
 Perth, the town of. See John's, St. 
 
 Pertuey, the lord, taken prisoner at the battle of 
 Poycters, i. 202. 
 
 Pestel (Potel), in Heynault, burned by the duke of 
 Normandy, i. 66. 
 
 Peter, king of Aragon, promises to assist king Henry 
 of Castyle against Dam Peter (Don Pedro) and 
 the prince of Wales, i. 318. His kingdom invaded 
 by the king of Mayllorques (Majorca), 437. His 
 death, ii. 204. 
 
 Dam (Don Pedro the fourth), king of Cas- 
 tyle, reigns with great cruelty, i. 307- Murders 
 his queen, 307. Summoned to appear before 
 pope Vrbane the fifth at Auygnou, 308. Excom- 
 municated, 308. Endeavours to raise a force to 
 oppose his bastard brother Henry and the erle of 
 Marche, 309- Flies to Cologne (Corunna), 309- 
 Sends and afterwards goes to Acquitayne to solicit 
 the assistance of the prince of Wales, 311. Re- 
 enters Spayne, accompanied by the prince and a 
 large force, 330. Defeats the army of king Henry 
 at the battle of Nauaret, 336. Obtains the sub- 
 mission of Castyle, 344. Incurs the displeasure 
 of the prince of Wales, 347. Defeated by king 
 Henry at Nantueyle (Monteil), 354. Taken pri- 
 soner, 355. Killed in a scuffle by his brother, 
 356. His remains disinterred by his daughter 
 Constance, duchess of Lancastre, and buried at 
 Ciuyll (Seville), in great state, ii. 424. 
 
 of Lusiegnen (Lusignan), king of Cypres, takes 
 
 the city of Salate from the Sarazyns, i. 274. Visits 
 pope Vrbane at Auygnon, 275. Visits the empe- 
 rour of Almayne (Germany), at Prague, to exhort 
 him to a crusade against the S.nazyns, 276. Visits 
 king Edward the third at L -ndon for the same 
 purpose, 277 ; and the prince of Wales at Ango- 
 lesme, 277. Returns to Pai7s to the duke of 
 Normandy, and mourns with him the death of kin» 
 John, 283. Murdered by his brother, ii. 123. 
 The inscription on his tomb, 123. 
 Peterson, Sir John, admiral of the Flemish fleet, de- 
 
43 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 feated and taken prisoner by tlie English off the 
 hauyn of Bay, i. 435. 
 
 Phagon, St., the town of, in Spayne, pillaged and 
 burned, ii. 312. 
 
 Phelton, Sir Thomas, causes the lord of Pomiers to 
 be beheaded at Burdeaux, i. 49 1 . Taken prisonci 
 by the French at the battle of Yuret, 494. Ran- 
 somed, 49(>. 
 
 Philyp le Beaw, king of France, his issue, i. 4. 
 
 of Chastaulxe (Chateaux), chief esquyer of 
 
 Sir John of Heynault, presented on his leaving 
 England by king Edward the third with one hun- 
 dred marks yearly rent, i. 14. 
 
 . son of John, king of France, taken prisoner 
 
 with his father by the English at the battle of Poyc- 
 ters and carried to England, i. 204. Created duke 
 of Burgoyne, 290. [For subsequent particulars 
 of this prince, see Burgoyne, Philyp duke of.] 
 
 of Valoys, chosen king of France, to the ex- 
 clusion of Isabell, queen of Edward the second of 
 England, and her issue, i. 4, 30. Makes war on 
 the Flemynges, 3 1 . Banishes Sir Robert of Ar- 
 toyse from France, 36. Puts on the cross, 40. 
 Countermands the preparations for a crusade, 42. 
 Receives a defiance from Edward the third, king 
 of England, and his allies, 49- Takes measures 
 for invading England as soon as the English should 
 enter France, 49. Seizes Pontyeu, 30. Leads 
 an army to oppose the English, 55. Destroys the 
 territories of Sir John of Heynault, 60. Invades 
 Flaunders, 62. Reinforces in person die army of 
 the duke of Normandy, 70. Sends forces into 
 Scotland, to assist the Scots against the English, 
 76. Assembles a large army to raise the siege of 
 Tourney, 77- Enters into a truce with the king 
 of England, 85. Assists the lord Charles of Bloys 
 to recover the duchy of Bretayne from the erle of 
 Mountfort, 92. Assembles an army to oppose the 
 erle of Derby in Gascone, 139. Collects another 
 army to oppose Edward the third in Normandy, 
 147. Leaves Parys on his approach, 150. Halts 
 at Abuyle, 155. Signally defeated at the battle of 
 Cressy, 155. Escapes with only five of his ba- 
 rons, 158. Collects a large army to raise the siege 
 of Calais, 171. Offers battle to the king of Eng- 
 land, 173. Enters into a truce with him, 177. 
 Marries the lady Blanche, daughter of Philyp, king 
 of Nauer, 181. Dies at Nogent, 1 82. 
 
 Philyppe, daughter of Wiilyam erle of Heynault, pre- 
 sented by Froissart with his first written Cronycle, 
 i. 2. Married to Edward the third, king of Eng- 
 land, 27. In the absence of the king, raises an 
 army to o])pose the Scots, l65. Defeats them 
 near Newcastell, l65. Receives the king of Scot- 
 land as her prisouer at York, 167. Obtains from 
 her husband the pardon of six citizens of Calais 
 whom he intended to put to <leath, 176. Enter- 
 tains and liberates them, 17G. Her three last re- 
 quests of king Edward, 395. Her death, 395. 
 
 daughter of the duke of Lancastre, mar- 
 ried to John, king of Portyngale, ii. 224. 
 
 Pierpont, the town of, taken Ly Sir Eustace Dambre- 
 
 tycourt, i. 252. 
 Piquegny, the lord Jolm of, delivers the king of Nauer 
 
 from the castle of Alleres, i. 215. Defeats the 
 
 French before Mauconsell, 223. Forces the 
 
 duke of Normandy to raise the siege, 224. En- 
 deavours to take the town of Amyense, 225. Dies 
 
 at Herreel, 236. 
 Planchyn, Sir Jaques, slain at the battle of Cochereil, 
 
 ii. 81. 
 Playsac, Helyot of, governor of Botuyll, taken by the 
 
 French, i. 538. 
 Plomouth (Plymouth), the town of, burned by the 
 
 French, i. 484. 
 Poc (Poole ?), the town of, in England, burned by 
 
 the French, i. 484. 
 Podich, Egeas Toille of, slain at the battle of Jube- 
 
 roth, ii. 154. 
 PoUe, St. de Lyon (St. Pol de Leon), the town of, 
 
 taken by the duke of Bretayne, i. 479. 
 Pompador, the lord of, taken prisoner at the battle of 
 
 Poycters, i. 200. 
 Pomyers, Sir Aymon of, missing after the battle of 
 
 Cochereil, i. 289. Goes on pilgrimage during the 
 
 wars in Acquitayne, 405. 
 the lord of, beheaded at Burdeaux for trea- 
 son, i. 491. 
 Pondayre, the towre of, taken by the erle of Derby, i. 
 
 125. 
 Pons, the lord of, slain at the battle of Poycters, i. 202. 
 . the lord of, turns to the French interest, i. 432. 
 
 Taken prisoner at Liques, 477. 
 Pont, the lord of, slain at the battle of Alroy ( Auray), 
 
 i. 301. 
 Pontailiyer, Sir Guy of, marshall of Burgoyne, de- 
 feated in a skirmish by the men of Gaunt under 
 
 Francis Atreman, ii. 2. 
 Pont de large. Sir Water de, slain in a skirmish at 
 
 the bridge of Cressyn, i. 79. 
 Ponteau de mere, the fortress of, in Normandy, taken 
 
 by Sir Bertram of Clesquy, i. 486. Razed to the 
 
 ground, 486. 
 Ponthieu, the ei le of, taken prisoner at the battle of 
 
 Poycters, i. 202. 
 the county of, seized by Philyp of Valoys, 
 
 king of France, i. 50. Ceded to Edward the 
 
 third, king of England, 266. 
 Ponynges, the lord, dies in Castyle, ii. 306. 
 Populace, the, of England, rebel against king Richard 
 
 the second, i. 641. Enter London, and conunit 
 
 great outrages, 645 et seq. Dispersed by the king, 
 
 650. _ ■ 
 
 Porccen, Sir John of L.igne, erle of, goes to England 
 
 as a hostage for John, king of France, i. 264. 
 
 Ransomed, 368. 
 Porceyued (Pontevedra), the town of, in Galyce, 
 
 surrenders to the army of the duke of Lancastre, 
 
 ii. 184. 
 Porie Alue, marshall of the host of Portyngale, slain 
 
 at the battle of Juberoth, ii. 154. 
 Porkers of Respaile. See Comporsels. 
 
INDEX. 
 
 43 
 
 Portbeufe, Sir Pyers, captain of Dynant, taken pri- 
 soner by king Edward the third, i. 118. 
 
 Porteke(Portelet), Galoycs, Peter, and Agalype Fer- 
 rant, slain at the battle of Jubcroth, ii. 154. 
 
 Portelet, Sir John Ferrande, informs Froissart of 
 many particulars relative to the affairs of Cas- 
 tyle, Portyngale, &c. ii. 135. Defeats the 
 Spaniards under Sir John Radigos de Castenans, 
 148. 
 
 Portsmouth, the town of, burned by the French, i. 
 484, note. 
 
 Portyngale, the king of, makes war against Henry, 
 king of Castyle, i. 356. Concludes a peace, 
 357. 
 
 the kingdom of, the renewal of its wais 
 
 with Castyle, ii. 137. 
 
 Poulat, the castle of, in Gascone, taken by the Eng- 
 lish under Sir Thomas Tryuet, i. 532. 
 
 Poule, St., the county of, over-ran by the duko of 
 Lancastre, i. 399- 
 
 the erle of, slain at the battle of Cressy, 
 
 i. 158. 
 
 Guy, erle of, killed in the battle between 
 
 the duke of Julyers and the duke of Brabant, ii. 
 325. 
 
 Valeran, erle of, son of the above, relieves 
 
 the city of Amyense, i. 225. Takes the town of 
 St. Vallery, 229. Pursues a large army under 
 Philyp of Nauer, who escapes by a masterly re- 
 treat, 230. Goes to England as a hostage for 
 John, king of France, 264. Taken prisoner near 
 Lyques, and presented by the lord ofGommegynes 
 to king Edward the third, 477. Betrothed to the 
 lady Maude, daughter of the princess of Wales, 
 543. Liberated on ransom, 543. Returns to 
 France to procure it, and is arrested there, 544. 
 Is liberated, returns to England, and marries the 
 lady Maude, 544. Returns to France after the 
 death of king Charles the fifth, 606. Taken pri- 
 soner at the battle between the dukes of Julyers 
 and Brabant, ii. 325. Visits Auygnon at the re- 
 quest of the pope, where the dead body of his bro- 
 ther worked miracles, 332. Goes to the grand 
 entertainment of king Richard the second at Lon- 
 don, 512. Wins a prize at the justs, 515. Sent 
 by the French court to London, with articles for a 
 treaty of peace, 6o6. Appointed to the command 
 of a French army, with which he joins the expedi- 
 tion under the erle of Ostreuaunt at Encuse, in 
 base Frese (Enckhuvsen, in Lower Friezland), 
 659. 
 
 Poycters, the battle of, between John, king of 
 France, and Edward, prince of Wales, i. 197. 
 
 the castle ;md country of, ceded to Edward 
 
 the third, king of England, i. 256. Conquered 
 from the English by Sir Hewe of Chastelon, 
 368. 
 
 — the city of, taken and pillaged by the erle 
 
 of Derby, i. 164. Surrenders to Sir Bertram of 
 Clesquy, 450. 
 Vol. II. 5 L 
 
 Poycters, Sir Charles of, burned to death by accident 
 at a masked dance at Parys, ii. 590. 
 
 Poys, the town and castle of, burned by the English 
 under king Edward the third, i. 151. 
 
 Poytrels, the lord of, slain in a skirmish at Landre- 
 ches, i. 68. 
 
 Picaulx, the lord of, goes to England as a hostage 
 for John, king of France, i. 264. 
 
 Presigny, Sir Reynolde of, put to death, i. 185. 
 
 Prier, the lord of, taken prisoner at the battle of Al- 
 roy, i. 300. 
 
 Prignano. See Angles Bartylmewe. 
 
 Prony ( Prouvy), in Heynault, burned by the duke of 
 Normandy, i. 67. 
 
 Propringne (Poperingae), the town of, turns to the 
 men of Gaunt, i. 698. Surrenders to Charles the 
 sixth, king of France, 730. Surrenders to the 
 bysshop of Norwich, 762. 
 
 Prouost of the merchants of Parys. See Martell, 
 Stephyn. 
 
 Parys. See Aubert (Aubriot), Hugh. 
 
 Prudence (Prudenec), the towre of, surrenders to the 
 duke of Anion, i. 476. 
 
 Pruniaux, John, a citizen of Gaunt, appointed one of 
 the commanders of the White-hattes in that city, i. 
 566. Takes the town of Andwarpe (Oudenarde), 
 578. Banished from Flaunders, 580. Deli- 
 vered up to the erle of Flaunders and beheaded, 
 580. 
 
 Prux (Preux), the castle of, taken by the duke of 
 Burgoyne, i. 292. 
 
 Pulpuron, the castle of besieged by the French under 
 Sir Gaultier of Paschac, ii. 117. Evacuated by 
 the garrison through a subterraneous passage, 117. 
 Taken possession of by the besiegers, 1 18. 
 
 Punache, the town of, taken by the erle of Derby, i. 
 125. 
 
 Purceuaunt Damors (the Poursuivant d'Amour), de- 
 livers up the castle of Beauforte to the French, i. 
 369. 
 
 Pye, St. (Saimpi), the lord of, and two other knights, 
 hold justs near St. Ingylbertes against all comers 
 for thirty days, ii. 467. 
 
 Pyepreux (Perseaux), in Heynault, burned by the 
 duke of Normandy, i. 66. 
 
 Pyergourt (Perigord), the city, town, and castle of, 
 ceded to Edward the third, king of England, i. 
 256. 
 
 . tliecardvDallof, endeavours to makepeace 
 
 between John, king of France, and the prince of 
 Wales, previous to the battle of Poycters, i. 195 
 et seq. Makes peace between the duke of Nor- 
 mandy and the king of Nauer, 234. 
 
 '— the erle of, his homage for certain lands 
 
 in France transferred to Edward the third, king of 
 England, i. 256. He defeats Sir Thomas Wake, 
 the seneshall of Rouerne (Rouuergue), 365. Be- 
 sieges RiamuUc, 372. Takes it, 377. 
 
 Pynon, the lord of, narrowly escapes being taken pri- 
 soner by the Naueroyse, i. 228. Taken prisoner 
 
44 
 
 [ N D E X. 
 
 by the Spaniards in the sea battle off Rochelle, 
 
 442. 
 Pvpfpoix, Sir Willjam of, slain in a skirmish at the 
 
 bridge of Cressyn, i. 79- 
 Pyquegny (Requigny), the lord of, slain in Hainault, 
 
 i. 66. 
 
 Q. 
 
 Quarentyne, the town of. See Carentan, Caren- 
 
 tyne. 
 Quarrel, between the houses of Brabant and Guerles, 
 
 the cause of, explained, ii. 317 et seq. 
 Quayre (Laquaire), the town of, in Turkey, stormed 
 
 and destroyed by John of Burgouie, ii. 647. 
 Queens, three, besieged in the town of Melune, i. 
 
 233. 
 Quenelart, Sir Henry, takes prisoner Sir Eustace 
 
 Dambretycourt at the battle of Nogent, i. 2S6. 
 Quenfort (Oxford), the erle of, taken prisoner in 
 
 Gascone, i. 126. 
 Quesnes, the v7cont of, taken prisoner in Heynault 
 
 by the lord of Falquemont, i. 66. 
 Quimper-Corentin, the town of. See Campecoren- 
 
 tyne. 
 Quimperle, the town of. See Campelly. 
 
 R. 
 
 Radigo, John, cousin to the king of Portyngale, slain 
 
 at the battle of Juberoth, ii. 154. 
 Radwyn, Sir John (Sir Matthew Redman), captain 
 of Berwyke, taken prisoner in Bretayne, i. 471- 
 Refuses the duke of Lancastre entrance into Ber- 
 wyke, 6o2. Escapes from the battle of Otten- 
 bourge, ii. 400. Is pursued and taken prisoner by 
 Sir James Lynsay, 401. 
 Raix, the lord of, taken prisoner at the battle of Al- 
 
 roy, i. 300. 
 Rambalt, Loyes, a captain of the Companions, causes 
 Lymosin, a squire, to be whipped through Brioude 
 for intriguing with his mistress, ii. 85. Is taken 
 prisoner by a stratagem of Lymosin's, 86. Behead- 
 ed by order of the king of France, 86. 
 Ramsey, the lord Alysaunder, who bare the banner of 
 David the second, king of Scotland, slain at the 
 battle near Newcastell, i. l66. 
 
 ■ Alysander, takes the castle of Berwyke, i. 
 
 301. Taken prisoner in the castle by the erle of 
 Northumberlande, 50 i. 
 Rauenall (Reyneval), Sir Loys of, defeats Sir God- 
 fray of Harcourt, who is slain, i. 209. 
 
 the lord Raoll of, taken prisoner at Mau- 
 
 consell, i. 224. 
 — — — the lord of, taken prisoner at the battle of 
 
 Alroy, i. 301. 
 Rauesten, the battle of, between the duke of Guerles 
 
 and the Brabanters, ii. 379. 
 Raymon, Sir Bertram, taken prisoner by the English 
 
 at Bersat, i. 529. 
 Reainuille (Realville), the town of, besieged by the 
 French, j. 372. Taken by storm, 377. 
 
 Rebydewe (Ribadeo), the erle of. See Vyllayns, the 
 
 beguc of. 
 Ree (Rue), Sir John of, taken prisoner by the Por- 
 tuguese at the battle of Juberoth, ii. 103. Killed, 
 106. 
 Remey, St., the bridge and fortress of (Pont de St. 
 Remy), taken from the English by the French, i. 
 368. 
 Remorentvne, the castle of, taken by Edward, prince 
 
 of Wales, i. 191. 
 Renes, the town of, taken by the erle of Mountfort, 
 as duke of Bretayne, i. 88. Surrenders to Sir 
 Charles of Bloys, 101. Besieged by the English, 
 1 16. By the duke of Lancastre, 212. Taken by 
 Sir Bertram of Clesquy, 464. 
 Renty, Sir Odoart de. .See Graney, Sir Odes of. 
 Renyell, Sir Fleton of, killed at the battle of Rose- 
 
 beque, i. 739. 
 Requigny, the lord of. See Pyquegny. 
 Resermant, Sir Peter, slain at the battle of Juberoth, 
 
 ii. 153. 
 Responde, Sir Dyne of, a rich merchant, employed 
 to negociate with Lamorabaquy (Bajazet), for the 
 ransom of John of Burgoyne and his companions, 
 ii. 681,693. 
 Reynes (Rheims), the archebysshop of, takes the 
 castle of Roucy, i. 238. 
 
 the town of, besieged by Edward the third, 
 
 king of England, i. 247. The siege raised, 
 250. 
 Richard, son of Edward, prince of Wales, bom at 
 Burdeaux, i. 325, ii. 763. Declared presumptive 
 heir to the throne of England, i. 456, 482. 
 Crowned king of England on the death of Edward 
 the third, 483. [See the next article.] 
 
 the second, king of England, placed under 
 
 the tuition of Sir Guychart Dangle (erle of Hun- 
 tyngdon), i. 483. Sends an army to the assistance 
 of the king of Nauer, 487. Enters into an alli- 
 ance with him, 515. Forms an alliance with the 
 duke of Bretayne, 572. Sends an army to his as- 
 sistance, 573. Promises assistance to Ferrande, 
 king of Portyngale, against the king of Castyle, 638. 
 Quells the rebellion of the commons under Wat 
 Tyler, 8ic. 649. Makes a tour through several 
 paits of England to punish the hisurgents, 654. 
 Marries the lady Anne of Behayne (Bohemia), 
 668. Sends an army in crusade against the adhe- 
 rents of pope Clement, 753. Heads an army to 
 oppose the irruption of the combined armies of 
 France and Scotland into England, ii. 23. De- 
 stroys the town of Edenborowe, the abbey of 
 Mewrous (Melrose), and several other places in 
 Scotland, 27 et seq. Distrusts his uncle, the duke 
 of Lancastre, and returns to England, 29. Takes 
 measures of defence against invasion, 172. Quar- 
 rels with his uncles, the dukes of York and Glo- 
 cestre, 243. Excites the discontent of the people 
 of England, 243. Retires to Wales, 245. Con- 
 strained by the people to appoint commissioners to 
 
INDEX. 
 
 inquire into the accounts of his confidential minis- 
 ters, 277. Fails in obtaining the liberation of his 
 minister, Sir Symon Bnrle (Burley), from the 
 Tower, 280. I'hreatens to revenge his execu- 
 tion, 282. Retires to Bristowe, 283. Takes 
 measures to counteract the proceedings of the new 
 council which had been appointed for him by the 
 commissioners of accounts, 28i. Sends the duke 
 of Ireland as his lieutenant with a large army to- 
 wards London, 28 j. His troops routed near Ox- 
 ford, 29 1 . Returns to London under the conduct 
 of the archeVjysshop of Caunterbury, 294. As- 
 sembles a parliament to receive the homage of his 
 subjects, 295. Enters into a truce with Charles 
 the sixth, king of France, 427. Gives a grand 
 entertainment and justs at London, 511. Sends 
 commissioners and ambassadours to France to en- 
 deavour to conclude a peace between the two na- 
 tions, 522, 54(i, 555. Prolongs the truce with 
 the French king, G02. Presents the duke of Lan- 
 castre with the duchy of Acquitayne, 607. Heads 
 an army into Ireland, 608. Seeks to marry the 
 lady Isabel), daughter of the king of France, 6 14, 
 618. Is presented by Froissart with a book, 618. 
 Obtains the submission of four Irish kings, 620. 
 Confers on them the honour of knightliood, 622. 
 Rescinds his gift to the duke of Lancastre of the 
 duchy of Acquitayne, 624. Sends ambassadours 
 to France with proposals of marriage for the lady 
 Isabel], 626. Espouses her by proxy, 643. Goes 
 to France to forward the peace, 656. Returns to 
 England, 657- Again visits France, 664. Has 
 an interview with the king of France at Arde (Ar- 
 dres), 665. Receives the lady Isabell from her 
 father, king Charles, in his tent at Arde, 666. 
 Marries her at Calais, 666. Returns with her to 
 England, 666. Becomes unpopular in England, 
 685. Alarmed at the opposition and intrigues of 
 the duke of Glocestre, 687 ; and the coolness of 
 the dukes of Lancastre and York, 688. Is in- 
 formed of the treasonable designs of the duke of 
 Glocestre, 689. Causes him to be arrested, 692, 
 and imprisoned at Calais, where he is put to death, 
 707- Invests the erie of Rutland with the consta- 
 bleship of England, 708. Agrees to the measures 
 of the kings of France and Almayne (Germany) for 
 the re-union of the church, 710. Banishes the 
 erle Marshall for life, and the erle of Derby for 
 six years, 7 1 6. Fails in persuading the clergy of 
 the necessity of uniting against pope Boniface, 
 726. Acquaints the king of France w ith the death 
 of the duke of Lancastre, 728. Seizes the reve- 
 nues of the duchy of Lancastre on the death of the 
 duke, 729. Breaks off a marriage which was in 
 contemplation between the erle of Derby and the 
 daughter of the duke of Berrey, 731. Gives a 
 grand entertainment at Wyndsore, which is thinly 
 attended, 733. Prepares to go with an expedition 
 into Ireland, 734. Banishes the erle of Northum- 
 berland and his son, 735. Rebelled against by the 
 
 5L2 
 
 people of England, who rise in favour of the erle 
 of Derby (duke of Lancastre), 737. Retires to 
 Flynt castle, 744. Surrenders to the erle of 
 Derby, 746. Forsaken by his favourite greyhound, 
 which fawns on the erle, 746. Imprisoned in the 
 Tower of London, 748. Gives up his counsellors 
 in expectation of escaping death, 748. His beha- 
 viour whilst in the Tower, 749. Resigns the 
 crown to the duke of Lancastre, 751. A con- 
 spiracy in his favour formed by the erle of Hun- 
 tyngdon, fee. 759- His death, 76I. His funeral, 
 762. Buried at Langley, 764. 
 
 Richon, Sir Geffray, taken prisoner by the Portu- 
 guese at the battle of Juberoth, ii. 103. After- 
 wards killed, 154. 
 
 Robeboise (Roulleboise sur Seine), the castle of, 
 taken by Water Ostrate, i. 248. Delivered up to 
 Sir Bertram of Clesquy, 290. 
 
 Robersarde, the chanon of, defeats the Naueroyse 
 near Craull (Creil), i. 228. Turns to the English 
 interest, 369. Arrested by the king of France, 
 344. Takes the castle of Sighyre, &,c. and makes 
 war on the Spaniards against the orders of the king 
 of Portyngale, 666, 674. Appeases a mutiny of 
 the troops, 676. Is at the court of king Henry 
 the fourth in London, ii. 759. 
 
 Robert, king of Cicyle, studies the influence of the 
 heavens, and dissuades Philyp, king of France, from 
 giving battle to Edward the third, king of England, 
 i. 57. Endeavours to make peace between the 
 kings of France and England, 73. 
 
 of Heleberge (Heidelberg), crowned empe- 
 
 rour of Almayne (Germany, ii. 764. 
 
 the Hermyte, ordered in a vision to interfere 
 
 in obtaining a peace between France and England, 
 ii. 627. Attends the conferences at Balyngham 
 (Leulinghen), 628. Sent into England, 629, 656. 
 
 Roche, Sir Hugh de la, fights with the erle of Cam- 
 bridge in Lymoges, and yields himself prisoner to 
 him, i. 423. 
 
 Rochechoart or Rochuart, the erle of, taken prisoner 
 at the battle of Poycters, i. 202. Imprisoned by 
 the prince of Wales, 378. Liberated, 388. His 
 lands invaded by Sir JohnChiindos, 390. 
 
 Rochedaren (La Roche-derrien), the town of, surren- 
 ders to the English, i. 170. Besieged by Sir 
 Charles of Bloys, 171. Tlie siege raised, and Sir 
 Charles taken prisoner, 171. The town taken by 
 Sir Bertram of Clesquy, 464. 
 
 Rochefort, the castle of, taken by Sir Gaultier of 
 Paschac, ii. 120. 
 
 .— the lord of, taken prisoner at the battle of 
 
 Alroy, i. 301. 
 
 Rochelle, the town and castle of, ceded to Edward 
 the third, king of England, i. 256. The inhabitants 
 remonstrate against the cession, 266. The town 
 blockaded by the Spaniards and French under 
 Yuan of Wales, 451. The townsmen get posses- 
 sion of the castle by stratagem, and send away the 
 English garrison, 452. Refuse to deliver the town 
 
46 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 to tlie duke of Beney until they gain permission to 
 raze the castle, 454. Obtain great privileges 
 from the French king by charter, and destroy the 
 castle before thev admit the French, 454. 
 
 Rochelle, the great sea-battle off, between the Spa- 
 niards and the English, i. 440. 
 
 Rochemador (Roquemadour), the town of, taken by 
 Sir John Chandos, i. 382. 
 
 Rochemyllone, the castle of, taken by the eric of 
 Derbv, i. 130. 
 
 Roche of Posay, the castle of the, taken by the French 
 under Sir John of Biieil, i. 378. 
 
 of Vandoys, the castle of ihc, possessed by 
 
 Amergot Marcell, ii.48i. Besieg il by the vycount 
 of Meaul.x, 480. Taken, 494. Hazed, 495. 
 
 Rochestre bridge broken down on the expectation of 
 an invasion by the French, ii. 172. 
 
 Roche sur Yone, the castle of, surrenders to the erle 
 of Cambridge, i. 387- Besieged by the French 
 under Sir Olyuer of Clyssou, 465. Surrenders, 
 465. 
 
 Rochetayllade, friar John of. See John of Roche- 
 tayllade, frere. 
 
 Rodaix, the city, town, and castle of, ceded to Edw ard 
 the third, king of England, i. 256. 
 
 Rodes, Sir Thomas of, mortally wounded before 
 Nantes by the French, i. G08. 
 
 Rohan, the erle of, taken prisoner at the battle of 
 Ahoy, i. 301. 
 
 Rolbays, the castle of, in Aragon, taken by the gar- 
 rison of Lourde, ii. 206. 
 
 Romans, the, espouse the interest of pope Vibane 
 against pope Clement, i. 547- H;ive several en- 
 counters with Syhiester Budes, who was sent by 
 Clement to subdue them, 547 et seq. 
 
 Romminy, in Heynault, burned by the duke of Nor- 
 mandy, i. 67. 
 
 Ronay, the town of, taken by the king of Nauer's 
 forces, i. 227. 
 
 Rone (Rouen), the archebysshop of, slain by tlie Eng- 
 lish at Cressy, i. 159. 
 
 the town of, its inhabitants rebel against king 
 
 Charles the sixth, i. 664. 
 
 Rosebeque, the battle of, between Charles the sixth, 
 king of France, and the men of Gaunt under Philyp 
 Dartuell, i. 737. 
 
 Rosen, the lord, taken prisoner by the French at the 
 battle of Yuret, i. 494. Turns to the French in- 
 terest, 496. Quits it afterwards, 496. 
 
 Rosermont, Sir Don Peter of, killed at the battle of 
 Juberoth, ii. 107- 
 
 Roucy, the castle of, in Picardy, taken by Robyn le 
 Stotte, i. 228. Retaken by the archebysshop of 
 . Reynes (Rheims), 238. 
 
 the erle of, taken prisoner with his wife and 
 
 children, i. 228. Ransomed, 228. Taken pri- 
 soner again by Hanekyn Francoys, 233. Regains 
 his town and castle, 238. 
 
 I louergne, the county and country of, ceded to Ed- 
 ward the third, king of England, i, 256. 
 
 Rousell, Don Johan Radigo (Rodrigo), killed at the 
 battle of Juberoth, ii. 107. 
 
 Rouselone, Sir Geffray of, taken prisoner at the battle 
 of CochercU, i. 289- 
 
 Roux, Alayne and Peter, commanders of Venta- 
 doure, treacherously propose terms to the be- 
 siegers of that fortress, ii. 46O. Are circumvented 
 and taken prisoners, 463. Set on the pillory at 
 Parys and beheaded, 466. 
 
 (Roos or Rous ?), Sir Robert de, sent with an 
 
 army by Richard the second, king of England, to 
 the assistance of the king of Nauer, i. 487. 
 
 Rowmorey, the bourge of (the borgne of Rouvroy), 
 taken prisoner at Mauconsell, i. 224. 
 
 Rowtes, a band of armed men so called, make war on 
 Aragon, ii.206. Defeated by Raymond of Baghes, 
 208. 
 
 Roy, the lord of, defeats and takes prisoner the lord 
 of Gommegynes, i. 249- Goes to England as a 
 hostage for king John of France, i. 264. 
 
 Sir Raynold du, engages with Sir John Ho- 
 
 lande in a ileei) of arms, ii. 233. Holds justs with 
 two other knights at St. Ingylbertes, near Calais, 
 against all comers for thirty days, 467- 
 
 Sir John of. See Voy. 
 
 Royx, the castle of, taken by the French under Sir 
 Gaultyer of Pascliar, ii. 120. 
 
 Rue, James of, a squyer and secretary of the king of 
 Nauer, put to death at Parys for treason against 
 the king of France, i. 513. 
 
 Ruelles, liie town of, in Galyce, surrenders to the 
 duke of Lancastre, ii. 174. 
 
 Ruet, the lady Katheryne of, concubyne to John of 
 Gaunt, duke of Lancastre, is married by him after 
 the death of the lady Constance of Spayne, his 
 duchess, ii. 644. 
 
 Ruette (Roelt), in Heynault, burned by the duke of 
 Normandy, i. 68. 
 
 Ruffyn, a Walshman, at the head of a numerous band 
 of desperadoes, pillages various towns and for- 
 tresses in France, i. 214. 
 
 Rutlande, the erle of, son of the duke of York, ap- 
 pointed constable of England by king Richard the 
 second, ii. 708. Retires into Wales on the king's 
 arrest, 748. 
 
 Ruvll, the lord of, taken prisoner at the battle of Al- 
 roy, i- 30 1 . 
 
 Rybadane (Rybadavia), the town of, taken by storm 
 by the duke of Lancastre, ii. 222. 
 
 Rvbemount, Sir Eustace of, fights hand to hand with 
 Edward the third, king of England, who takes him 
 prisoner at the battle of Calais, i. 180. Receives 
 a chaplet of pearls from the king and his liberty, in 
 reward for his prowess, 181. Slain at the battle 
 of Poycters, 200. 
 
 '- — Sir Galahault of, mortally wounded in a 
 
 skirmish widi the English, i. 246. 
 
 Rye, the town of, burned by the French, i. 484. 
 
 Ryeux, the lord of, taken prisoner at the battle of 
 Alroy, i. 301. 
 
INDEX. 
 
 47 
 
 Rygalt, Gyles de Roussy, presented with tlie reil 
 hat in the presence of king John of Paivs, i. 
 182. 
 
 Ryoll ( La Reole), the town of, besieged by the erle 
 of Derby, i- 1'5I. Surrenders, !34. Besieged 
 and taken by tlie duke of Anion, 47^- 
 
 Rys, Sir John of, slain at the battle of Juberoth, ii. 
 154. 
 
 Ryuer (Riviere), the lord de la, takes the castle of 
 Acqueney, i. 29*2. Sent to the duke of Bretayne 
 to endeavour to conciliate him to tiie court of 
 France, ii. 361. Arrested by order of the dukes 
 of Berrey and Burgoyne during their regency, 562. 
 His estates seized, 583. Delivered from prison 
 and his estates restored, 631. 
 
 Sir Guy de la, taken prisoner by the Turks at 
 
 the battle of Nycopoly, ii. 670. 
 
 S. 
 
 Saimpi, the lord of. See Pye, St. 
 
 Saintes, the city and castle of. See Xaintes. 
 
 Salate (Satalee), the city of, taken from the Sarazyns 
 by the king of Cypre, i. 274. 
 
 Salisbury, the erle of, taken prisoner by the garrison 
 of Lyle, i. 64. Exchanged for the erle of Moret 
 (Moray), 100. Heads an expedition into Bre- 
 tayne, 463. Opposes the incursions of the French 
 on the English coast, 484. Sent to France by 
 king Richard the second, to break off the marriage 
 intended between the erle of Derby and the daugh- 
 ter of the duke of Berrey, ii. 731. Impeached 
 and pardoned by king Henry the fourth, 754. Con- 
 spires with the erle of Huntyndon in a plot to mur- 
 der king Henry, 759- Beheaded, 761. 
 
 the countess of, defends Werk castle 
 
 against the Scots, i. 97. Resists with great spirit 
 the dishonourable overtures of king Edward the 
 third, 99. 
 
 Sir John of, taken prisoner by the array of 
 
 the duke of Glocestre, ii. 292. Beheaded at Ox- 
 ford, 293. 
 
 Sale, Sir Robert, capitayne of Norwich, killed 
 by the insurgents during Wat Tyler's rebellion, i. 
 648. 
 
 Salt monopolized in France by the officers of the 
 duke of Normandy to raise pay for the army, i. 
 226. 
 
 Saluace, Don Ange, of Geneiie, slain at the battle of 
 Juberoth, ii. 153. 
 
 Salues, John James of, slain at the battle of Jube- 
 roth, ii. 154. 
 
 Saluest, Sir Guy de la, dies of fatigue before Aufrvke, 
 ii. 509. 
 
 Saluyn, St., the abbey of, in Poyctou, betrayed to the 
 French by a monk, i. 393. 
 
 Sals (Sauche), in Heynault, burned by the duke of 
 Normandy, i. 68. 
 
 Salybers, Sir Peter of, killed at the battle of Jube- 
 roth, ii. 106. 
 
 Samagose (Famagousta), the city of, taken by the 
 Geneuoys, ii. 123. 
 
 Samuers (Famars), in Heynault, burned by the duke 
 of Normandy, i. 66. 
 
 Sanache, Sir Bertram de, dies of fatigue before Au- 
 fryke, ii. 509. 
 
 Sangatcs, the towns, castles, and seignory of, ceded 
 to Edward the third, king of England, i. 257. 
 
 Sanquyll (Saque-viilc), Sir Peter of, taken prisoner 
 at the battle of Cocherell, i. 289. Beheaded at 
 Rone, 290. 
 
 Sansterre, Sir John, a bastard son of the erle of 
 Flaunders, taken prisoner by the English at Eme- 
 nyn, i. 765. 
 
 Sanlarem, the town of. Sec Yrane, St. 
 
 Sanxere, the lord Loys of, appointed marshall of 
 France, i. 386. Defeats the erle of Pembroke, 
 391. Sent into Prouence by king Charles the 
 sixth, to make \\ar there for the duchess of Aniou, 
 ii. 2. Visits the erle of Foiz at Ortayse, 422. 
 Made constable of France, 703. 
 
 Sir Stephyn, dies- of fatigue before Aufryke, 
 
 ii. 509. 
 
 Sarenen, Sir Manaut of, killed at the battle of Jube- 
 roth, ii. 106. 
 
 Saryten, in Heynault, burned by the duke of Nor- 
 mandy, i. 66. 
 
 Sassegynes, Sir Gararde of, suspected of having be- 
 trayed the castle of Escandure, put to death at 
 Mons, i. 68. 
 
 Saueter (Salvatierra), the town of, surrenders to the 
 army under Peter, king of Castyle, and the prince 
 of Wales, i. 331. 
 
 Saulte, the town of, in Gascoyne, besieged by the 
 duke of Aniou, i. 474. 
 
 Saulx, the lord of, slain at the battle of Cocherell, i. 
 289. 
 
 Sauoy, the, in London, John, king of France, lodged 
 there when brought prisoner to England, by the 
 prince of Wales, i. 211. Burned by the insur- 
 gents under Wat Tyler, 648. 
 
 the erle of, dies in Italy, i. 791- 
 
 the erle Couiet (count Verd), of, takes the 
 
 towns of Calipole and Lobeme, ii. 124. 
 
 Ame erle of, married to Boesme (Bona), 
 
 daughter of the duke of Berrey, dies marvelously, 
 ii. 536. 
 
 Sauueterre, the town of, besieged and taken by the 
 duke of Aniou, i. 497. 
 
 Sauyour le Vycount, St., the castle of, sold to the 
 English, i. 210. Besieged by the French, 478. 
 Taken, 480. 
 
 Sayntre, the lord John of, taken prisoner at the battle 
 of Poycters, i. 202. 
 
 Scalet, Sir Lyon, dies of fatigue before Aufryke, ii. 
 509. 
 
 .Scarcity. See France. 
 
 Schisms in the church, which lead to the election of 
 two popes on the death of pope Gregory, how oc- 
 casioned, i. 547, ii. 130. 
 
48 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Scote, or Stotte, Robyn le (Robert Scott), takes the 
 town of Barley, i. 224. Takes the town of Roiicy, 
 228. 
 
 Scots, the, take Berwyke, i. 3. Their character 
 and manners in the time of Froissart, 18. ii. 7. 
 Make a truce witli tlie Enghsh, i. 2". Retake 
 many of their fortresses, and penetrate into Eng- 
 land as far as Durham, 76. Retake Edenborovve, 
 77. Take Estunnelyne (Sterhng) castle, 94. 
 Enter into a truce with the English, 94. Invade 
 England again under king David, 95. Take and 
 bum the town of Durham, 96. Besiege Werk 
 castle, 96. Conclude further truces with the Eng- 
 lish, 99, 112. Defeated by the English at the 
 battle near Newcastell, 165. Make truces with 
 the English, 211, 415, 652. Refuse to abide by 
 the truce which had been agreed upon between the 
 French and English, including their respective al- 
 lies, 785. Invade England, contrary to the orders 
 of king Robert, 786. Enter into a truce with the 
 English, 788. Invade England in concert with a 
 French army under Sir John de Vien, ii. 22. 
 Treat him with much harshness, 30,31. Invade 
 England under the erle of Duglas, 390. Defeat 
 the English at the battle of Ottenbourge (Otter- 
 bourne, 396. 
 
 Seaulle, the town of, in Guerles (Gueldres), taken, 
 pillaged, and burned by the French under Sir Wil- 
 lyam of Tremoyle, ii. 335. 
 
 Seclyne, the town of, burned by the erle of Heynault, 
 i. 75. 
 
 Segart, the castle of, taken by assault by the erle of 
 Derby, i. 131. 
 
 Segny the great and Segny the lytell pillaged and 
 burned by the erle of Heynault, i. 63. 
 
 Segure, John, governor of Nogent, murdered at 
 Troyes, i. 237. 
 
 Belles, the town of, pillaged by Perot le Bernoys, ii. 
 377. 
 
 Semeries, in Heynault, burned by the duke of Nor- 
 mandy, i. 66. 
 
 Senayne (Suntain), in Heynault, burned by the duke 
 of Normandy, i. 68. 
 
 Senerache, the lord of, taken prisoner at the battle of 
 Poycters, i. 200. 
 
 Serole, the erle Don John Alphons, slain at the battle 
 of Juberoth, ii. 153. 
 
 Seton, Sir John. See Assueton. 
 
 Seuere (Sauveur), St., in Lymosyn, taken by the Com- 
 panions in the interest of the prince of Wales, i. 
 385. Taken by Sir Bertram of Clesquy, i. 449- 
 
 Sighyre (Fighiere), the castle of, taken by the English 
 under the chanon Robersarde, i. 666. 
 
 Simay (Chimay), the town of, in Heynault, pillaged 
 by the French, i. 60. 
 
 Sluys, the town of, taken jjy the men of Gaunt, i. 
 697. Exchanged for the country of Bethune, 
 ii. 16. The castle erected, 17. An immense ar- 
 mament for the invasion of England collected 
 there by Charles the sixth, king of France, I68. 
 
 Sluys, the great naval victory of, obtained by king 
 Edward the third over the French fleet, i. 
 72. 
 
 Soissons, the erle of. Sec Coucy, the lord of. 
 
 .Soltier (Sounder), Sir John, bastard brother of Ri- 
 chard the second, king of England, heads a mutiny 
 of the troops under the command of the erle of 
 Cambridge, i. 676. 
 
 Solyere, Sir Reynolde of, slain at the battle of Ju- 
 beroth, ii. 154. 
 
 Soubyse, the castle of, taken by the French under 
 Yuan of Wales, i. 452. 
 
 Southampton, the town of. Sec Hampton. 
 
 Soyre, Sir John de, taken prisoner in a skirmish at 
 the bridge of Cressyn, i. 79- 
 
 Sparuey (Epernay), the town of, pillaged and burned 
 by the king of Nauer's forces, i. 227. 
 
 Spayne, Charles of, appointed constable of France, i. 
 1 82. Murdered by order of king Charles of Ne- 
 iier, 183. 
 
 Ernalton, bourge of, exhibits extraordinary 
 
 strength to the erle of Foiz at Ortayse, ii. 63. 
 
 — Sir Espaynolet of, slain at the battle of Ju 
 
 beroth, ii. 154. 
 
 the lord Martine of, taken prisoner at the 
 
 battle of Nogent, i. 236. 
 
 Spencer, Sir Hewe, the elder, and his son, by their 
 influence over king Edward the second, become 
 masters of the realm of England, i. 4. Besieged 
 with Edward the second in Bristowe, 1 1 . Taken 
 and beheaded, 12. 
 
 Sir Hewe, the younger, directs the govern- 
 ment of king Edward the second, i. 4. Causes 
 the erle of Lancastre and other lords to be be- 
 headed, 5. Frustrates the endeavours of queen 
 Isabell to obtain assistance in France, 7- Besieg- 
 ed in Bristowe with the king by the queen's forces, 
 1 1 . Taken prisoner in endeavouring to escape 
 by sea, 12. Ignoniiuiously put to death at Here- 
 ford, 13. 
 
 Sir Hugh, taken prisoner by Sir Bertram of 
 
 Clesquy at Pont Valont, i. 426. 
 
 (Despencer), the lord, mortally wounded and 
 
 taken prisoner at Vannes, i. 115. 
 
 ( Despencer), the lord, his death, i. 485. 
 
 the lord, conspires with the erle of Huntyng- 
 
 don and others to murder king Henry the fourth, 
 
 li. 759. 
 ■ Sir Thomas, taken prisoner in Bretayne, i. 
 
 47 I . 
 SpjTyt, St., the town of, the bridge of taken 
 
 by the Companions, called the Late-comers, i. 
 
 271. 
 Sresiers, Sir GeftVey, dies of fatigue before Aufryke, 
 
 ii. 509. 
 Stafforde, lord, taken prisoner before Vannes, i. 117. 
 
 Exchanged for the lord Clysson, 120. 
 the lord Richarde (Ralph r), killed by Sir 
 
 John of Holande, ii. 25. 
 Stampes (D'Estampes), the lord John of, goes to 
 
INDEX. 
 
 49 
 
 England as a hostage for John, king of France, 
 i. 264. Sent to endeavour to win over the duke 
 of Bretayne to the Frencli interest, ii. .'549- 
 
 Standysslie (Cavendish ?), Jolni, assists in putting Wat 
 Tyler to death in Sniithfield, i. (j.K). 
 
 Stanfours, Sir Foukes of, dies of fatigue before Au- 
 fryke, ii. 509. 
 
 Staple, Sir Willyam of, dies of fatigue before Au- 
 fryke, ii. 509- 
 
 Slell, mayster, executed in London for having coun- 
 selled king Richard the second to put to death the 
 duke of Glocestre, ii. 749- 
 
 Sterling, the castle of. See Esturmelyne. 
 
 Stouteuill, the lord of, goes to England as a hostage 
 for John, king of France, i. 2()4. 
 
 Strande, Sir John, and his son taken prisoners by the 
 French in Scotland, ii. 22. 
 
 Straw, Jaques, becomes one of the leaders of the po- 
 pulace of England in the rebellion against king Ri- 
 chard and the nobility, i. G41. Taken and be- 
 headed, G52. 
 
 Suffolk, the erle of (his son, see note), taken prisoner 
 by the governor of Lyle, i. 64. 
 
 Surgeres, the town of, taken by the erle of Derby, i. 
 163. Surrenders to Sir Bertram of Clesquy, 
 455. 
 
 Surlant (Sutherland ?), the erle of, slain by the Eng- 
 lish at the battle near Newcastell, i. I66. 
 
 Sury (Stury), Sir Richarde, relates many particulars 
 to Froissart of the affairs of Acquitayne and Eng- 
 land, ii. 615. 
 Syluere, St., the town of, surrenders to the duke of 
 
 Anion, i. 473. 
 Syreth (Civray), the to\\'n of, in Poictou, besieged by 
 Sir Bertram of Clesquy, i. 459. Taken, 460. 
 
 • the battle of, between the French 
 
 under Sir Bertram of Clesquy and the English 
 garrison of the fortress, i. 460. 
 Sys, the erle of, slain by the English at the battle near 
 
 Newcastell, i. 166. 
 Syssome (Sissonne), the town of, taken by the king 
 of Nauer's forces, i. 2.33. 
 
 T. 
 
 Tailebourcke, the town of, taken by the English 
 under the erle of Derby, i. 163. Surrenders to 
 the French, 452. Besieged by the duke of Bur- 
 bone, ii. 6. Taken, 15. 
 
 Talbot, the lord, dies in Spayne, ii. 306. 
 
 Tankernylle (Tancarville), the erle of, taken prisoner 
 by the English luider king Edward the third, i. 
 149- Taken prisoner at the battle of Poycters, 202. 
 
 Tanyboton, the lord of, taken prisoner by the Spa- 
 niards in the sea battle off Rochelle, i. 442. 
 
 Tarbe, the castle and country of, ceded to Edward 
 the third, king of England, i. 256. 
 
 . the city of, put in the possession of the French, 
 
 ii. 50. 
 
 Tarriers, the town of, taken by Sir John Chandos, 
 i. 372. 
 
 Tartaric, grete Tacon (Cham) of, subdues the empe- 
 rour of Constantyne le noble (Constantinople), ii, 
 124. Marries his daughter, 124. 
 Tassegnon, the castle of, in Gascone, taken by Sir 
 Thomas 'i'ryuet, i. 531. Razed by the garrison 
 of Bayoiie, 53 I . 
 Ta.\ upon Income levied throughout France for car- 
 rying on the war, i. 186. 
 Tello, Don, brodier of Henry, king of Castylc, de- 
 feats a body of English troops under Sir Willyam 
 Phelton, i. 333. 
 
 Don. Sec Anxell, therlo of. 
 
 Tempest, a sudden, induces king Edward the third to 
 hasten the conclusion of a peace with the king of 
 France, i. 255. 
 Templars, the great prior of the. See John's, St. 
 Teremonde (Dendremonde), the town of, stormed by 
 
 the men of Gaunt, i. 627. 
 Tertre, Peter of, a clerk, secretary to the king of 
 Nauer, put to death at Parys for treason against 
 the king of France, i. 513. 
 Tetenoyre, Geffray, obtains possession of the castle 
 of Ventadore, in Auuergne, i. 546. Keeps the 
 surrounding country in great dread, 775. Mor- 
 tally wounded, ii. 417. Makes his will, 413. 
 Dies, 418. 
 Tharse, Sir Aymery of, slain by the Spaniards in the 
 
 sea battle off Rochell, i. 442. 
 Thilyers, the castle of, taken by John, king of France, 
 
 i. 189. 
 Tholouse, the archebysshop of, and others preach the 
 right of Charles the fifth, king of France, in the 
 war against England, and gain numerous towns to 
 his interest, i. 373. 
 
 the town of, puts itself and the country of 
 
 Tholousyn under the government of the erle of 
 Foiz, ii. 68. 
 Thomynes (Tonnines), the town of, taken by the erle 
 of Derby, i. 135. Surrenders to the duke of Aniou, 
 413. 
 Thouars, the fee of, ceded to Edward the third, king 
 of England, i. 256. The city surrenders to the 
 French, 457. 
 Thourayne, the county of, king Edward the third re- 
 nounces his right to, i. 257. 
 
 Loys duke of, brother of Charles the sixth, 
 
 king of France, married to Vaientyne, daughter of 
 the duke of Myllayne, ii. 433. Is discovered by 
 her in an intrigue, 533. Buys the reversion of the 
 county of Bloys, 553. Exchanges his duchy of 
 Thouraine with the king for the duchy of Orly- 
 aunce, 569. [For subsequent particulars of this 
 prince, see Orlyaunce, the duke of.] 
 Tliury, the town and castle of, in Albygois, taken by 
 
 the bastot of Maulyon by stratagem, ii. 84. 
 Thyaux (Thyan), in Heynault, burned by the duke of 
 
 Normandy, i. 67- 
 Thyne Leuesque, the town of, besieged by the duke 
 
 of Normandy, i. 69. 
 Tilts. See Deeds of Arms, 
 
jO 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Tonnoric, tlie town of, taken by king Edward the 
 third, i. '251. 
 
 Tonnoyre (Tornniine), tlie crie of, taken prisoner at 
 the battle of Alroy, i. 301. 
 
 Toraguy (Torijiny),"the town of, taken and pillaged 
 by the erle of Arnndcll, ii. 422. 
 
 Touchette, Sir John, .slain in the sea battle off Ko- 
 chelle, i. 442. 
 
 Tourniay (Tonnay), Sir Ayne of, dies of fatigne be- 
 fore Aufryke, ii. 509- 
 
 Tournaments. See Deeds of arms. 
 
 Tourney, the town of, besieged by Edward the 
 third, king of England, i. 75. The siege raised, 
 84. 
 
 the lord of, his rents gathered by the mm 
 
 of Gaunt, i. 780. Vows never to make peace 
 with them, 780. 
 
 Tourrout, the town of, surrenders to Charles the 
 sixth, king of France, i. 730. 
 
 Towre, the lord de la, slain at the battle of Poycters, 
 i. 200. 
 
 Trauehen, the lord Loys of, chief counsellor of the 
 duke of Brabant, goes ambassadour to France to 
 assure the king of the duke's intention not to 
 assist Edward the third, i. 49. Dies of grief on 
 the duke sending his defiance to the French king, 
 52. 
 
 Trayone (Touraine), taken by Sir Eustace Dambre- 
 tycourt, i. 239. 
 
 Trelawney, Sir Matthew of. See Fresnoy, Sir Hu- 
 bert of. 
 
 Tremoyle (Tremouille), Sir Guy of, lord of Sully, 
 taken prisoner by the Turks at the battle of Nyco- 
 polv, dies on his return home, after being ransom- 
 ed,' ii. 699. 
 
 (Tremouille), Sir Willyam of, appointed 
 
 by the duke of Burgoync to command a body of 
 men to assist the duchess of Brabant against the 
 duke of Gucrles, ii. 335. Takes the town and 
 castle of Seaulle, 336. Slain with his son at the 
 battle of Nvcopoly, in Turkey, 6*0. 
 
 Tressin, the bridge of. See Cressyn. 
 
 Triuylyen (Tressillian), Sir Robert, enters London 
 disguised as a spy for the duke of Ireland, ii. 285. 
 Is discovered and executed by order of the duke of 
 Glocestre, 286. 
 
 Troucet (La Troncette), the fortress of, stormed 
 by the French under the duke of Burbone, and 
 razed, ii 5. 
 
 Truces, between the English and the French, i. 85, 
 119, 177, 185,211,474,480,780; ii. 427, 557, 
 588, 602, 764. 
 
 between the English and the Scots, i. 27, 
 
 94, 99, 1 12, 211, 415, 6.Vi, 788. 
 
 between the lord Charles of Bloys and the 
 
 countess of Mountfort, i. 111. 
 
 bctw een the kings of Castyle and Portyngale, 
 
 Truye (Sow), the, a military machine so called, its 
 use, i. 493. 
 
 Try, the town and castle of, in Heynault, taken by 
 the duke of Normandy, i. 67. Retaken, 67. 
 
 Trygalct, the castle of, in Flaunders, taken by Sir 
 Garses of the Castell, ii. 57. Razed, 58. 
 
 Tryuet, Sir Thomas, sent to the assistance of the 
 king of Nauer, i. 530. Takes several places in 
 Gascone, 531 et seq. Marches into Spayne, 534. 
 Returns to England, 539- Defeats the French 
 under lord Coucy near Arras, 589- Takes pri- 
 soners the lord of Brimewe and his two sons, 589. 
 Committed to the Tower of London, 779. Killed 
 by a fall from his horse, ii. 279. 
 
 Turgies, in Heynault, burned by the duke of Nor- 
 mandy, i. 66. 
 
 Turte, the lord of, taken prisoner at Mauconsell, i.224. 
 
 Tuy (Leyria), the town of, besieged by the king of 
 Castyle, ii. 143. 
 
 Tyler, Wat, lieads the populace of England in an ex- 
 tensive insurrection against Richard the second and 
 the nobility, i. 641. Marches with a large force 
 through Canterbury and Rochester to Blackheath, 
 committing great excesses, 642. Deputes a mes- 
 senger to the king, requiring him to come to them, 
 643. Enters London, and sets open the prisons, 
 645. Killed in Smithlield, 650. 
 
 Tytiell (Kitiel), Sir Hugh, slain before Maunte by 
 the French, i. 610. 
 
 U. 
 
 Ubrues (Devereux), Sir John, taken prisoner at the 
 battle of Syreth, i. 460. 
 
 Ubyque (Wight), the isle of, invaded by the French, 
 i. 484. 
 
 Ulster, the erle of. See Clarence, Lyonell duke of. 
 
 Urbane, the fifth, pope, elected at Auygnon, i. 273. 
 Preaches a crusade against the Sarazyns, 275. 
 Excommunicates Dame Peter (Don Pedro), king 
 of Castyle, 308. Absolves the erle of Narbon 
 and others taken at the battle of Montaubon 
 from the payment of ransom, 323. His death, 
 427. 
 
 the sixth, pope, elected at Rome, i. 511. 
 
 Displeases the cardynalls, who choose another 
 pope, 547. Sends bulls to England for the de- 
 struction of the Clementyns, 7j-. Besieged in 
 Peras or Pruce (I'erugia), ii. 130. Escapes to 
 Rome, 130. Dies tliere, 458. 
 
 Utrecht, the city of. See Dautryche. 
 
 V. 
 
 Vai 
 
 ii. 109. 
 Trughen, the castle of, in Flaunders, taken by storm 
 by Sir Olyuer of Clysson, i. 768. 
 
 V. 
 ^'aisnell, Sir Gauues (Guy) of, taken prisoner by the 
 
 English at Lyques, i. 477- 
 Valeonseaux, Mendignes of, slain at the battle of 
 
 Juberoth, ii. 154. 
 Vale, Sir Beaumont de la (De Laval), taken prisoner 
 
 by Sir Guy of Granuyll before Eureux, i. 282. 
 '- the lord de la, ticachcrously arrested vyilh Sir 
 
INDEX. 
 
 51 
 
 Olyuer ofClysson by the duke ofBietayne, ii.2Jl. 
 Dissuades the duke from murdering Sir Olyuer, 
 25'2. 
 
 Valentyne, Sir Raymonde of, slain at the battle of Ju- 
 beroth, ii. 154. 
 
 Sir Stephyn, killed at the battle of Jube- 
 
 roth, ii. 100. 
 
 Valeronceaux, Radigo Radiges of, slain at the battle 
 of Juberolh, ii. 154. 
 
 Valery, St., the castle of, taken by tlie king of Nauer, 
 i. 223. Besieged by the erle of St. Poule, 22fi. 
 Surrenders, 229. Taken by Sir Hewe of Chas- 
 tellon, .'3G8. 
 
 Valoys, the lady Jane (Joan) of, concludes a truce 
 between the kings of France and England, i. 
 84. 
 
 Valuin (Haluin), Sir Josse of, slain before Gaunt, i. 
 626. 
 
 Vandone (Veudome), the erle of, taken prisoner at 
 the battle of Poycters, i. 200. 
 
 Vandos(Vaudcinoiit), the erle of, taken prisoner at the 
 battle of Poycters, i. 200. 
 
 Vannes, the town of, surrenders to tlie erle of Mount- 
 fort, as duke of Bretayne, i. 89. Taken by storm 
 by the lord Charles of Bloys, 106. Retaken by 
 Sir Robert Dartoys, 115. Taken by Sir Olyuer 
 ofClysson, 115. Besieged by king Edward the 
 third, 116. Surrenders to Sir Bertram of Cles- 
 quy, 464. 
 
 Vaquyre (Walker), one of the leaders of the in- 
 surgents in Wat Tyler's rebellion, executed, i. 
 054. 
 
 Vargny, in Heynault, burned by the duke of Nor- 
 mandy, i. 68. 
 
 Varlet (Bernecte), Sir John, slain in a skirmish with 
 the men of Gaunt, ii. 2. 
 
 Varley castle, the castle of Werk, which see. 
 
 Varuge, Sir Bertram of, slain at the battle of Jube- 
 roth, ii. 154. 
 
 Vauclinen, the town of, taken by the duke of Bur- 
 goyne, i. 486. 
 
 Vaylant, the town of, surrenders to Charles the sixth, 
 king of France, i. 730. 
 
 Vedegres (Vcndegysesj, in the Wood, and Vedegres 
 on the Sandes upon the Cynell in Heynault, burn- 
 ed by tile duke of Normandy, i. 66. 
 
 Veleton (Felton), Thomas, an English squire, fights 
 witii extraordinary bravery at the battle of Otten- 
 bourge (Otterbourne), and refusing quarter, is 
 killed, ii.400. 
 
 Venant, St., Sir Alemant of, taken prisoner at the 
 battle of Nauaret, i. 341. 
 
 Venaunt, taken by the English under the bysshop of 
 Norwich, i. 76 1. 
 
 Vendyeull, the lord of, taken prisoner at Mauconsell, 
 i. 224. 
 
 Ventadore, the castle of Mount, in Auuergne, be- 
 trayed to GeftVey Tetenoyre, i. 545. Besieged by 
 the duke of Berrey, ii. 334. Taken by his forces 
 after a remarkable negociation, 465. 
 
 Vol. II. 5M 
 
 Verchyn, SirGararde of, mortally wounded atMoui, 
 i. 85. 
 
 • Sir Loys of, taken prisoner by the English 
 
 at St. Quyntyn, i. 590. 
 Sir Richarde of, steward of Heynault, sur- 
 prises by nigiit the duke of Normandy's forces at 
 Montays, i. (')5. 
 Verd, count. See Sauoy, the erle Couiet of. 
 Vcrgyn (Wargny) the great and Vergyn the lytell, in 
 Heynault, burned by the duke of Normandy, i. 
 66. 
 Verlayne, in Heynault, burned by the duke of Nor- 
 mandy, i. 68. 
 Vernaulx (Vervaux), Sir Amye of, taken prisoner by 
 the erle of Heynault in the abbey of Marchienes, 
 i. 82. 
 Vernon, the town of, burned by the English under 
 
 king Edward the third, i. 150. 
 Vcrnueyll, the town of, taken by tlie duke of Lan- 
 
 castie, i. 189. 
 Versauiit, Lugcres of, slain at the battle of Juberoth, 
 
 ii. 153. 
 Versaux, Sir Marc of, killed at the battle of Jube- 
 roth, ii. 107. 
 Vertigrieulx, in Heynault. See Bertynquinell. 
 Verlus (Visconti), Sir Barnabo, treacherously seized 
 and murdered by his nephew, ii. 3. 
 
 Galeas erle of, murders his uncle, Sir Barnabo 
 
 Vertus, and seizes his estates, ii. 3. Forms an al- 
 liance with the great Turk Lamorabaquy (Bajazet), 
 648. [For other particulars of this personage, 
 see Myllayne, the duke of.] 
 
 the town of, pillaged and burned by the king 
 
 of Nauer's forces, i. 227- Taken by Sir Eustace 
 Dambretycourt, 239- Burned by the erle of 
 Buckingham, 591. 
 Vesy (De Wersy), lord Robert, taken prisoner by the 
 
 English at the battle near Newcastell, i. l66. 
 Vien, Sir John, governor of Calais, sent prisoner to 
 England, i. 176. 
 
 Sir John of, admiral of France, commands an 
 
 expedition to Scotland to invade England, ii. 6. 
 Badly treated by the Scots, 8. Invades England, 
 accompanied by a Scottish army, 22. Returns to 
 France, 32. Sent to the duke of Bretayne, to 
 endeavour to conciliate him to France, 3(il. Sent 
 on an embassy into Castyle, 414, 420. Killed at 
 the battle of Nycopoly, in Turkey, 670. 
 
 (Viana), the tow n of, taken and burned by the 
 
 Spaniards, i. 530. 
 Vienoys, Charles doljjhyn of, invested with the duchy 
 of Normandy, i. 186. [For suhsecjiient particu- 
 lars of this prime, sec Normandy, Charles duke 
 of, and Charles the fifth, king of France.] 
 Viesuile, the lord of, taken prisoner by the free- 
 booters of Almayiie (Germany), ii. 413. 
 Vietat, Alphons, mayster of the navy of Portyii- 
 gale, sent to England with a fleet to convey the 
 duke of Lancastre and his army to Portyngale, n, 
 156. 
 
5i 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Vigo, the towti of. See Dyglios. 
 
 Vimeh lis, emperour, &c. See Wynceslaus. 
 
 Villyers, the begue of, slain at the battle of Nauarct, 
 i. 341. 
 
 Vire, the town of, in Normandy, taken by the Eng- 
 lish, i. 370. 
 
 Volengy, the erle of. See Buckingham, Thomas 
 erle of. 
 
 Voy (Roye), Sir John of, dies at Segbome, in Cas- 
 tyle, ii. 306. 
 
 Vyleclope (Villeclope), the town of, in Galyce, taken 
 by the duke of Lancastre, ii. 17f)- 
 
 Vyle Franche (Ville-franche"), the town of, taken by 
 the erle of Derby, i. 135. T;iken by storm by 
 the duke of Normandy, 1 40. Repossessed by the 
 erle of Derby, 140. Taken by Sir John Chandosj 
 383. 
 
 Vyliayns, the begue of, erle of Rebydewe (Ribadeo), 
 one of the ministers of Charles the sixth, king of 
 France, arrested by order of the dukes of Berrey 
 and Burgoyne during their regency, ii. 581. Libe- 
 rated, 583. 
 
 Vyllers, in Heynault, burned by the duke of Nor- 
 mandy, i. 66. 
 
 Vyrgyn Mary, the, and a great dog miraculously ap- 
 pear to the assistance of the French against the 
 Sarazyus at tlie siege of Aufryke, ii. 504. 
 
 W. 
 
 Wage (Wager), Sir Thomas, and other kniuhts. Sic. 
 condemn Sir Hewe Spencer the elder and the erle 
 of Aiundell to death at Bristowe, i. 12. 
 
 Wake, Sir Thomas, seneschal] of Rouerne (Rou- 
 vergue), defeated by the Gascon lords, i. 365. 
 
 Wales, the seignory of, ceded to Edward the third, 
 king of England, i. 257. 
 
 Walker. See Vaquvre. 
 
 Wall, John. See Ball, John. 
 
 Walsyngham, Sir Willyam, tiikon prisoner by the 
 Scots at the battle of Ottenbourge, ii. 399. 
 
 Walworthe, Sir Nicholas, mayre of London, kills 
 Wat Tyler in Smithfield, i. 650. 
 
 Warennes, John of, resigns his preferments in the 
 church and preaches in favour of pope Benedict, 
 ii. 606. 
 
 Wargyn, in Hejnault. See Vergyn. 
 
 Warre, Sir Pi pyn de la, taken prisoner by the Eng- 
 lish at the battle of Calays, i. 1 SO. 
 
 Wars, the, between France and England, how caused, 
 i. 2. 
 
 Warwyke, the erle of, joins the duke .of Glocestre 
 in his attempts to excite disturbances, ii. 686. 
 Sent to the Tower, 705. Banished to the isle of 
 Wight, 707. Recalled by the duke of Lancastre, 
 748. 
 
 Wenant, St., the lord of, goes to England as a hostage 
 for John, king of France, i. 264. 
 
 Werk castle, belonging to the erle of Salisbury, be- 
 sieged by the Scots, i. 97. Taken by the French 
 and razed, ii. 22. 
 
 Wersy, lord Robert. See Vesy. 
 
 Whitaker, Sir Simon. See Houssagre. 
 
 White-hattes, a desperate faction at Gaunt. [For 
 their proceedings, see Gaunt, men of, and Lyon, 
 John.] 
 
 Wight, the isle of. See Ubygue. 
 
 Wodney (Bodenay), the lord of, taken prisoner at the 
 battle of Poycters, i. 200. 
 
 Worsley, Sir Geffray. See Orsell. 
 
 Wycan (\Vykeham), Sir Willyam, appointed bys- 
 shop of VVynchestre and chancellour of England, 
 i. 364. 
 
 Wyelfranche. See Vyle Franche. 
 
 Wyer, Sir Bacho de la, drowned at the taking of the 
 abbey of Marchiennes, i. 82. 
 
 Wyllemure, Sir John, tights with the duke of Lan- 
 castre jn Lymoges, and yields himself prisoner to 
 him, i. 423. 
 
 Wynceslaus (Vyncelyns) the sixth, emperour of Al- 
 nia}Tie, his election, i. 573. Sends his sister 
 Anne of Behayne (Bohemia) to England, to be 
 married to king Richard the second, 668. Dies 
 at Lusenburgh (Luxembourg), 779. 
 
 Wyndsore castle re-edified by king Edward the third, 
 i. 120. St. George's chapel there built by him, 
 120. John, king of France, and his son, when 
 prisoners in England, reside there, 211. 
 
 Wynguy, the erle of. See Joigny. 
 . Wysant, Jaques and Peter, their patriotic conduct 
 during the siege of Calais, i. 175. 
 
 X. 
 
 Xaintes (Saintes), the city and castle of, taken by the 
 
 French, i. 452. 
 Xaynton (Xaintonge), the lands and county of, ceded 
 
 to Edward the third, king of England, i. 256. 
 . the lord of, taken prisoner at the battle of 
 
 Poycters, i. 202. 
 
 York, Willyam Neuell, archebysshop of, dismissed 
 from his office of lord treasurer, with great dis- 
 grace, by the commissioners of accounts, ii. 282. 
 Retires to a castle in Brabant with the duke of 
 Ireland, 440. 
 
 the duke of, [_/b/- previous partiadars of this 
 
 prince, see Cambridge, the erle of], his creation, 
 ii. 200, Confederates with the duke of Glocestre 
 and others against king Richard the second and his 
 council, 275. Inlluenced in his opinions by the 
 duke of Glocestre, 644. Withdraws from court, 
 690. Retires into Wales on the king's arrest, 
 748. 
 
 the seneschall of, taken prisoner by the Scots 
 
 at the battle of Ottenbourge (Otterbourne), ii. 
 400. 
 
 Yper or Iper (Ypres), the town of, the inhabitants of, 
 enter into an alliance with the men of Gaimt, i. 
 566. Turn to the erle of Flaunders, CCJ. Re- 
 turn to the men of Gaunt, 698. Surrender to 
 
INDEX. 
 
 53 
 
 Charles the sixth, king of France, 729. Besieged 
 by the bysshop of Norwicli, 762. 
 
 Yrane, St. (Santarem), the town of, rebels against tlie 
 king of Castyle, ii. 92. Returns to obedience, 9J. 
 Burned by the king of Portyngale, 264. 
 
 Yriell (Yrier), tlie town of, in Lymoges, taken by Sir 
 Bertram of Clesquy, i. 422. 
 
 Yuan (Evan), Sir, of Wales, his father, Aymon (Ed- 
 mund), prince of Wales, put to death by Edward 
 the third, king of England, who gives the princi- 
 pality to his own son, i. 444. Complains of his 
 injuries to Charles the fifth, king of France, who 
 gives him a naval command, 444. Defeats the 
 English in the island of Gernsay, 444. Sent to 
 Spayne to solicit assistance from king Henry against 
 
 Rochell, 444. Insults the erle of Pembroke at 
 St. Andrewe, in Galyce, 445. Blockades the 
 town of Rochell, 451. Defeats the captall of 
 Beufz (Buch), before Soubyse, 451. Takes the 
 castle of Soubyse, 452. Besieges Mortayne, 500. 
 Assassinated by his chamberlain, James Laube 
 (Lambe), 520. 
 Yuret, the battle of, between the English and the 
 French, i. 494. 
 
 Zerecyell (Zuric-see), the town of, in Zelande, re- 
 fuses to assist in the invasiou of England, ii, 
 
 218. 
 
 J. M'Cieery, Printer, ElackJIorse-Court, 
 rieet.Stree^ Locilon. 
 
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