mmmm I ♦ t 1 y # 4 V * 2p / i .k 1 3j£! •? 1 ? 'f <1 ai ■A 'i \ ^ 5 «a t* i 4 Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2020 with funding from Columbia University Libraries https://archive.org/details/lowcostofdignityOOplat The J^w Qost of T)ignity and ‘beauty T he purpose of this book is to show you by actual pictures and figures that the small extra cost of glazing homes with Plate Glass enhances their dignity, adds to their beauty, and actually achieves an economy both for the present and the future which will recommend the use of Plate Glass as a wise investment. PI afe G1 ass M^aiiuifaciuir ers of Anoerica * “Figures used in this booklet, showing comparison of cost of ^ polished plate glass and window glass are based on the prices current at the time the booklet J was printed September, 1925.” A V I '^His booklet tells its story largely by pictures. As you turn its pages, note the air of distinction which Plate Glass adds. Re¬ member, that what you build today, you are building for to¬ morrow. “Other times, other manners,” will enact their own judg¬ ment. The air of worth and distinction which Plate Glass gives to a building, no matter how new or how old it may be, unerringly reflects the wisdom of the builder. Could any more enduring sense of beauty be bequeathed to future generations? Think, too, of the practical points of glazing with Plate Glass. If a house is in the city and built close to the street, it keeps out noise and insures quiet rooms. This same non-conducting quality of sound applies equally to heat and cold. Plate Glass keeps in the one, keeps out the other. You are actually saving coal bills for your clients when you glaze with Plate Glass. Because of its high tensile strength, Plate Glass does not break easily. In any case it does not shatter and fly about. Plate Glass is easily cleaned, because of its smooth, even surfaces. This fact — its parallel, highly polished surfaces — is the secret, ultimately, of the beauty and dignity of Plate Glass. It has no uneven places. No hollows, no bumps, as in ordinary window glass. Plate Glass is therefore free from annoying distortions. You see clearly through Plate Glass. Think how livable a house becomes when every window serves to frame a crystal-clear picture of the trees, the lawn, the garden, the drive beyond! WM. M. HALL RESIDENCE Kansas City, Mo. All exterior openings are glazed with Plate Glass at a cost of $183.00 If glazed with D. S. A. - - - - - - - - 166.00 Difference -------$ 17.00 11. J. HAYES RESIDENCE N. Negley and Elgin Aves., Pittsburgh, P.\. Glazed with Polished Plate Glass Glazed with Window Glass - - . - $262.00 125.00 Difference - - - - - - - $137.00 W. C. PRICE RESIDENCE SCR.\NTON, Pa. Glazed with Plate Glass ------- - $133.00 Glazed with Double Strength 40.00 Difference - - - - $ 93.00 RESIDENCE, HARWOOD J. GILBERT Saginaw, Mich. Cost of glazing with Polished Plate Glass - - - - $348.00 Cost of glazing with D. S. A. Window Glass - - - - 178.00 Difference $170.00 CHARLES B. VAN DUSEN RESIDENCE Palmer Woods, Detroit, Michigan Alvin E. Harley, Architect, Detroit, Michigan Plate glass used in all exterior openings, except ribbed glass in basement windows, at a cost of ----- - If glazed with D. S. A. - Difference ------- $949.00 591.00 $358.00 .lOIlN SOLLER, JR., RESIDENCE Davenport, Iowa All exterior openings are glazed with Plate Glass at a cost of $259.00 If D. S. A. were used the cost would be - - - - - 194.00 Difference -------$ 65.00 CHESTER L. FORDNEY RESIDENCE Saginaw, Mich. Glazed with Polished Plate, front and two sides - - . $340.00 If D. S. A. were used - -- -- -- - 146.00 Difference ------- $194.00 C. J. FRANKS RESIDENCE PNirlawn, Ohio indows and doors in front rooms glazed with Plate Gla.ss; all other windows and doors, D. S. A. Cost glazed as above - -- -- -- - $195.00 Cost if all windows glazed with D. S. A. - - - - - 178.00 Difference $ 17.00 F. E. NIEDRINGHAUS RESIDENCE St. Louis T. L. Johnson, Architect Front and side elevations glazed with Plate Glass; balance with D. S. A. Cost glazed as above $199.00 Cost if glazed with D. S. A. - - - - - - - 85.00 Difference ------- $114.00 DON S. HANNAFORD RESIDENCE Saginaw, Mich. Glazed with Plate Glass ------- Glazed with D. S. A. Difference ------ $184.00 - $ 24.00 * C. D. FORESTER RESIDENCE Toledo, Ohio All exterior openinfjs are glazed with Plate Glass Cost glazed as above - -- -- -- - $504.00 Cost if glazed with D. S. A. - - - - - - - 240.00 Difference ------- $264.00 MIC C. A. PERSONS’ MESIDENCE Elyhia, Ohio .\11 windows shown on front elevation Plate Glass; all other windows and doors D. A. (ilass Cost glazed as alxjve - -- -- -- - $122.00 Cost if glazed with D. S. A. - - - - - - - 120.00 Difference -------$ 2.00 RESIDENCE, C. WEBER Fort Thomas, Ky. Difference in cost between Polished Plate Glass and D. S. A. A. Window Glass - $73.00 n 1 * 1 Vv<<. * GEO. FLEISCHMAN RESIDENCE Toledo, Ohio All exterior openings are glazed with Plate Glass with the excep¬ tion of the basement, which is glazed with D. S. A. at a cost of $112.00 If glazed throughout with D. S. A. - - - - - - 70.00 Difference 42.00 RESIDENCE, BEN N. NEAMAN 5600 Darlington Rd., Pittsburgh, Pa. Cost of glazing with Polished Plate Glass Cost of glazing with D. S. Window Glass Difference - $119.00 49.00 $ 70.00 AIR. S. REINTHAL RESIDENCE Cleveland, Ohio Chas. R. Greco, Architect Master portion of house glazed with Plate Glass. Service portion, garage and basement D. A. Glass Cost glazed as above $304.00 Cost if glazed with D. S. A. - - - - - - - 286.00 Difference ^ 18.00 RESIDENCE, MR. OSCAR LEVINE Avondale, Cincinnati, Ohio Difference in cost between Polished Plate Glass and D. S. A. A. Window Glass - $ 112.00 JAMES P. CUMMISKEY RESIDENCE Hamilton Rlvd. and Palmek Park, Detroit, Michigan John W. Case, Architect, Detroit, Michigan Plate glass used in all exterior openings, except Florentine glass in basement windows, at cost of ----- - $274.00 If glazed with D. S. A. - - - - - - - - 149.00 Difference ------- $125.00 A. F. STEINER RESIDENCE 905 Balfour Road, Grosse Pte. Park, Detroit, iMichigan Richard H. Marr, Architect, Detroit, Michigan Plate glass used in all exterior openings, including plate glass in lead bars, at a cost of------- - $355.00 If glazed with D. S. A. - - - - - - - - 164.00 Difference ------- $191.00 \V. G. SOULE RESIDENCE Newton, Mass. All exterior openings are glazed with Plate Glass at a cost of - If D. S. A. were used - $315.00 1.50.00 1 Difference ------- $165.00 * IIablen E. Shimmin, Architect, Cleveland, Ohio Glazed with Polished Plate Glass Glazed with D. S. A. Window Glass $650.00 500.00 Difference - $150.00 CHARLES J. WERNER, JR., RESIDENCE South Side of Arden Park between Brush and Oakland Ayes., Detroit, Mich. J. P. JoGERST, Architect, Detroit, Michigan Plate glass used in all exterior openings, except D. S. A. in base¬ ment, kitchen, attic and back bedrooms, at cost of - - - $202.00 If D. S. A. quality sheet glass had been substituted for the exte¬ rior openings, the price would have been . . - - 108.00 Difference $ 94.00 GEO. W. HALE RESIDENCE Cleveland, Ohio H. T. Jeffrey, Architect Front and two sides glazed with Plate Glass; all sash shown to be cut up glazed with Plate Glass in lead lines — all windows and doors on rear elevation glazed with D. S. A. Glass Cost glazed as above - $1,287.00 Cost if all windows glazed with D. S. A. - - - - - 1,086.00 Difference 201.00 F. A. IIELIABUSCII RESIDENCE Hyde Park, Cincinnati, Ohio All exterior openings glazed with Plate Glass at a cost of - If D. S. A. had been used ------ Difference ------ $191.00 65.00 $126.00 I r Glazed with Plate Glass Glazed with Double Strength MR. JOSEPH A. BAUER St. Louis, Mo. Di§erence MR. M Glazed with Plate Glass Glazed with Double Strength St. Louis, Mo. Difference MR. W. A Glazed with Plate Glass • Glazed with Double Strength J. HOGAN FULLERTON St. Louis, Mo. Difference - - . . , 4 WM. H. BARKHORN RESIDENCE Maplewood. N. J. John A. Waferunc, Architect All exlerior openings glazed with Plate Glass at a cost of - If glazed with D. S. A.. 1241.60 140.00 * 101.60 * 267.20 145.00 *122.20 * 190.40 133.00 * 57.40 * 330.00 170.00 .* 160.00 i y jaaBfgai'jJ P MR. LEO G. HADLEY, JR. St. Louis, Mo, Glazrd with Plal« Glass Glazed with Double Strength Terence 6 N. W. FAULKS RESIDENCE Newark, N. J. W. W. Faulks, Archiuct All exterior openings glazed with Plate Glass at a cost of If glazed throughout with D. S. A. • Difference . . . , 7 MR. W. A. HOOBLER St. Louis, Mo. Glazed with Plate Glass ...... Glazed with Double Strength • « Difference .... « MR. A. R. HAAGSMA St. Louis, Mo, Glazed with Plate Glass. Glazed with Double Strength. 1221.60 126.00 Difference .$ 95.60 B. D. HORTON RESIDENCE 17711 Hamilton Ave., Detroit, Michigan Smith, Hinchman & Grylls, Architects, Detroit, Michigan Plate glass used in all exterior openings, except D. S. A. quality sheet glass in basement windows, at cost of - - $237.00 If D. S. A. quality sheet glass had been substituted for the exte¬ rior openings, the price would have been, if glazed with D.S. A. 117.00 Difference ------- $120.00 HERSEY HOUSE Needham, Mass. All exterior openings are glazed with Plate Glass at a cost of $90.00 If D. S. A. were used the cost would be - - - - - 79.00 Difference ------- $11.00 JOHN B. KEYES RESIDENCE Quincy, Mass. All exterior openings are glazed with Plate Glass at a cost of $93.00 If D. S. A. were used - -- -- -- - 71.00 Difference ------- ,$22.00 MB. EABL C. GREENLAND RESIDENCE Elyria, Ohio Five front windows are glazed with Plate Glass; all other windows D. S. A. Glass Cost glazed as alxive - -- -- -- - $123.00 Cost of all windows glazed with D. S. A. - - - - 112.00 Difference -------$ 11.00 I I 1 1 I ! Harlen E. Shimmin, Architect, Cleveland, Ohio Glazed with Polished Plate Glass ----- Glazed with D. S. A. Window Glass - . - - Difference ------ $425.00 373.00 $ .52.00 MR. W. C. CAINE RESIDENCE Cleveland, Ohio Meade & Hamilton, Architects All exterior openings glazed with Plate Glass, except basement, attic and service portions of house, which are glazed with D. A. Cost glazed as above - -- -- -- - $1,285.00 Cost if glazed with D. S. A. - - - - - - - 1,000.00 Difference - - - - - - - $ 285.00 MW. V. W. McCORiVIlCK RESIDENCE Grand Rapids, Mich. Mr. Alexander McColl, Architect Front and both side elevations glazed with Plate Glass. Rear elevation with D. S. A. at a cost of . . . . . $66.00 If glazed with D. S. A. - - - - - - - - 42.00 Difference ------- $24.00 IIarlen E. Shimmin, Architect, Cleveland, Ohio Glazed with Polished Plate Glass Glazed with D. S. A. W indow Glass Difference - $538.00 452.00 $ 86.00 0. F. SCUDDER RESIDENCE University City, Mo. T. L. Johnson, Architect Front and side elevations glazed with Plate Glass; balance with D. S. A. Cost glazed as above - - $217.00 Cost if glazed with D. S. A. - - - - - - - 91.00 Difference - $ 126.00 Harlen E. Shimmin, Architect, Cleveland, Ohio Glazed with Polished Plate Glass Glazed with D. S. A. Window Glass Difference - .$614.00 512.00 $ 102.00 IIarlen E. Shimmin, Architect, Cleveland, Ohio Glazed with Polished Plate Glass Glazed with D. S. A. Window Glass Difference - $302.00 215.00 $ 87.00 CARSON RESIDENCE Chestnut and Irwin Road, Edgeworth, Pa. H. D. Gilchrist, Architect Glazed with Polished Plate Glass ------ $196.00 Glazed with Window Glass ------- 85.00 Difference ------- $111.00 MR. ROBERT J. CREHORE RESIDENCE Elyria, Ohio R. C. Hunter & Bro., ArchUecls Front windows and doors Plate Glass; all other glass D. S. A. Cost glazed as above - 81.00 Cost if all windows glazed with D. S. A. - - - - - 80.00 Difference 1.00 i 1 i RESIDENCE, MR. W. BURKAMP Fort Thomas, Ky. Difference in cost between Polished Plate Glass and D. S. A. A. Window Glass - $100.00 II. \V. BRADY RESIDENCE Saginaw, Mich. Glazed with Polished Plate, front and two sides If D. S. A. had been used - . _ _ . Difference - - - - . $157.00 116.00 $ 41.00 IIaulen E. Shimmin, Architect, Cleveland, Ohio Glazed with Polished Plate Glass - - . . _ Glazed with D. S. A. Window Glass . . . . Difference ------ $815.00 627.00 $188.00 I I j i IIarlen E. Shimmiiv, Architecl, Cleveland, Ohio Glazed with Polished Plate Glass ------ $657.00 Glazed with D. S. A. Window Glass ----- 535.00 Difference ------- $122.00 GEO. C. STEWART RESIDENCE Butler, Pa. J. Walter Ketterer, Archilecl Glazed with Polished Plate Gla.ss If Window Glass were used Difference - $323.00 264.00 $ 59.00 MARCUS AARON RESIDENCE Aylesboho Ave. and W ightman St., Pittsbuhgh, Pa. Glazed with Polished Plate (ilass ------ .$.306.00 Glazed with Window Glass ------- 200.00 Difference ------- $306.00 $199.00 61.00 $13.3.00 R. G. CAREW RESIDENCE Hyde Pabk, Cincinnati, Ohio All exterior openings are glazed with Plate Glass at a cost of If D. S. A. had been used ------- Difference ------- DR. LOGAN CLENDENNING RESIDENCE Kansas City, Mo. Russel G. Wolcott, Architect All exterior openings are glazed with Plate Glass at a cost of $326.00 If D. S. A. were used 269.00 Difference - $ . 57.00 GEO. J. KIERLER RESIDENCE Toledo, Ohio All exterior openings glazed with Plate Glass at a cost of If glazed with D. S. A. - Difference ----- - $162.00 105.00 - $ 57.00 United States Government Specification FOR PLATE GLASS FOR GLAZING PURPOSES Classification Polished Plate Glass — Second silvering quality — Glazing quality Definitions of the General Classes of Polished Plate Glass Plate Glass. Transparent, flat, relatively thin glass having plane polished surfaces and showing no distortion of vision when viewing objects through it at any angle. Plate Glass is made at present by casting and rolling large sheets periodically or by rolling a continuous sheet. The sheets are then ground and polished. Detailed Specifications of Polished Plate Glass General Principles Involved in Grading Glass All flat glass contains some imperfections and the principle employed in grading is to exclude all defects that would be objectionable in a given grade. This is difficult to do since there are no sharp lines of demarcation between grades, and experienced inspectors will differ in judgment as the quality of the glass approaches the limits of the grades. Small lights must be quite free from imperfections as compared with larger ones, and the center of any sheet should be clear, whereas the edges may con¬ tain more pronounced defects. Method of Examination. The method of examination is described in these specifications in order to make the results more uniform, and defines the condition under which glass should be examined because the distance from the glass, the angle between the glass and the line of sight, and the intensity of light all affect the visi¬ bility of imperfections. These specifications should be interpreted by examining the glass in the following manner, with reference to the definitions of defects listed in the glossary: The glass should be examined when placed in a position similar to that of a glazed light with the observer’s eye on a level with the center of the sheet, and look¬ ing through the glass from a distance of about 36 inches into the light from a clear sky without any sun or any close background. The visibility of waves, lines or cords depends chiefly upon the angle of ob¬ servation, and the intensity of these defects can be classified on this basis. The values given for angles are the angles the line of sight makes with the sheet of glass when in a vertical position. Slight movement of the head horizontally through an angle of two or three degrees will make waves or lines more perceptible. Acceptance or Rejection. Acceptance or rejection of a shipment or delivery shall be based on an examination of the following quantities: For orders of 100 lights or less, all shall be examined; for orders of 101 to 500 lights at least 50% shall be examined; for orders of 501 or more lights at least 25% shall be examined. Boxes shall be selected from the shipment at random. If not more than 10% of the lights examined are below quality, the shipment shall be accepted provided the lights below the specified grade are not distinctly below the upper limit of the next lower grade. If, however, an entire shipment of 500 lights or more is examined, not more than 5% may be below quality. Specifications for Polished Plate Glass Sizes and Thickness. The standard of thicknesses of plate glass shall be yi, 3 ^, yi, y2, yi, i? ibi and inches. Sheets are available ]4, inch thick in sizes having a maximum area of 250 square feet. Glass of d^-inch thickness may be furnished having almost any desired dimension under the following maximums: 120 inches x 280 inches, 144 inches x 260 inches, 160 inches x 240 inches. The standard stock thickness for glazing purposes is inch, but this may vary between ^ inch and 3 ^ inch, although 4 ^-inch and 3 ^-inch glass are carried in stock in the larger cities. Tolerances in Thickness. The maximum and minimum thicknesses allowed shall not be more than the given thickness plus or minus one-half the difference between the standard thicknesses, although for f/ 4 -inch glass occasional plates as thick as 3 ^ inch are supplied. The general variation in thickness should not be more than inch for individual lights under 10 square feet, in thickness up to inch. The variation in lights over yi, inch in thickness should not exceed one-half the total tolerance for that thickness. Tolerances in Dimensions. Variation from dimensions ordered shall not be more than inch per yi inch of thickness. Grades. Plate glass shall be furnished for glazing purposes in one of two grades as specified. These grades will be known as second silvering and glazing qualities. Second silvering quality is invariably used where the highest standard of glazing is required and imperfections are discoverable only on close inspection. This quality is rarely sold for glazing purposes in sizes over 20 square feet. Glazing quality represents the usual selection of plate glass supplied when quality is not otherwise definitely specified. As allowable tolerances in quality must vary considerably with size of sheet required, different specifications will apply in each of the following four divisions according to size; Division I. Sheets up to and including 10 square feet in area; Division II. Sheets having an area greater than 10 square feet but not greater than 25 square feet; Division III. Sheets having an area greater than 25 square feet, but not greater than 75 square feet; Division IV. Sheets having an area greater than 75 square feet. DIVISION I Sizes Up to and Including 10 Square Feet Second Silvering Quality. This glass shall not contain any major defects. The central area of this glass may contain only well scattered seeds. Ream, skim, short finish, and scratches which cannot be removed by buffing, are not permissible. The edges may contain coarse seeds, but none shall be larger than ^ inch in diameter. Glazing Quality. The central area of this quality may contain numerous scat¬ tered seed, including an occasional coarse seed, but no heavy seed. Small bubbles may occur on the edge. Stones, large bubbles, skim, ream, or long or heavy scratches are not permissible. Faint strings in the corners or upper edge of the light are per¬ missible. The polish shall not show areas of short finish. DIVISION II Sizes From 10 Square Feet to 25 Square Feet, Inclusive Second Silvering Quality. The central area of this quality may contain more numerous fine seed than the small sizes and an occasional coarse seed. The edges may contain occasional small bubbles and fine strings. No heavy defects or scratches which cannot be removed by buffing are permissible. The polish must be good and free from visible short finish. Glazing Quality. The central area may contain small bubbles and fine strings or ream which do not give visible distortion when looking straight through the glass, but no long or heavy scratches. The edges may contain bubbles over ^ inch, visible scratches shorter than 10 inches, small areas of ream, strings, and small stones not larger than inch, but these defects should not be grouped nor interfere with the vision. The polish over the central area should be good, but patches of light short finish may be present about the edges. General. None of the above grades or sizes may contain any heavy or long lines, streaks of ream, any bubbles larger than inch, visible poor polish, open bubbles, areas of skim, or stones over inch in diameter. DIVISION III Sizes From 25 Square Feet to 75 Square Feet Glazing Quality. Lights of this size may contain numerous visible and larger imperfections not allowed in the smaller lights. But these must not be grouped or so prominent that they noticeably interfere with the vision. The central area of the plate shall be free from these larger defects. The sheets may contain seed of any size, but not heavy seed except in relatively small patches on the outer border of the sheet, occasional bubbles up to yi inch in the center and up to inch on the borders, strings, ream and skim in very limited areas if not causing a deformation of objects viewed through the plate, occasional scratches and small stones under inch. Heavy ream, heavy cords, bubbles larger than ^ inch in diameter, stones larger than inch in diameter, large fire cracks, areas of unpolished glass, easily visible poor polish, large open bubbles, or sand holes, are not permitted. The large defects should be confined to the upper edge and upper corners of the sheet, the lower and central areas to be relatively free from major defects. DIVISION IV Sizes Greater Than 75 Square Feet Sheets larger than 75 square feet may contain defects of almost any kind except that they must not show large areas of heavy seed or bubbles, nor have any defects which will cause spontaneous breakage, such as skim or large stones (F^-inch diam.) or show any areas of unpolished glass. Glossary of terms used in these Specifications The following terms shall be used in specifications: Plate Glass Seeds, short finish, skim, strings, scratches, bubbles, open bubbles, ream, stones, fire cracks, sand holes. Bubbles. Gas inclusions in any rolled glass. These inclusions are practically always spherical and brilliant in appearance. The term applies to all such inclusions larger than inch in diameter. The term small bubbles (commonly known as boil) refers to sizes between - 3 ^ inch and ^ inch. Seeds. Minute bubbles less than inch in diameter. Fine seeds are visible only on close inspection, usually appearing as small specks and are an inherent defect in the best quality of plate glass. Seed about ^ inch to inch in diameter are usually considered as coarse seed. Open Bubbles. Bubbles which have been broken into by grinding, leaving a hemispherical hole in the glass surface. Skim. Streaks of dense seed with accompanying small bubbles. Strings. Wavy, transparent lines appearing as though a thread of glass had been incorporated into the sheet. Cords. Heavy strings incorporated in the sheet, occurring without any regularity of direction, and appearing to be of considerable thickness rather than on the surface. Ream. An area of unhomogeneous glass incorporated in the sheet producing a wavy appearance. Scratches. Any marking or tearing of the surface appearing as though it had been done by either a sharp or rough instrument. Scratches occur on sheet glass in all degrees from various accidental causes. Short Finish. Insufficient polish or lack of brilliancy; improperly finished surface which has the appearance of being slightly pitted and wavy when the surface is viewed in reflected light. These indentations, which are slight, have a polished rather than a ground surface, but the general effect is a slight dulling of the surface. Poor polish is usually caused by improper grinding. Stones. Any opaque or partially melted particle of rock, clay or batch ingredient imbedded in the glass. Fire Cracks. Small cracks penetrating the surface of the sheet. Usually in the shape of short-hooked crescents. Caused by sudden heating or chilling of the surface. Sand Holes. Rough spots on the polished surface produced during coarse grind¬ ing which fine grinding did not later remove; due, to some extent, to coarse grains of grinding sand becoming mixed with finer grades. Central Area of Sheet. This term is used with slightly different interpretation with reference to plate or window glass. In plate glass the central area is considered to form an oval or circle centered on the sheet whose axes or diameters do not exceed 80% of the over-all dimension. This allows a fairly large area at the corners, which may have imperfections not allowed in the central area. > u. er I .» ‘V *1 ‘ •*, \ \ r I ■i • * ii ( I • ^ ■■V.* ^ » » i*. ■M I* ♦ I N 4 a ?fvprv rrRrSrf;