THINGS AS THEY ARE; 
 
 A Ed IB IH USA 
 
 In 1819. 
 
 BY AN EMIGRANT, 
 
 MANCHESTER: 
 
 
 ALL 
 
 THE Author, by J. Wroe, Observer Ohice 
 her Booksellers ,in Town and Country. 
 
 1819. 
 
THINGS AS THEY ARE, $c. 
 
 At the present awful crisis, when the inevitable 
 concomitants of Tyranny and Despotism, Misery 
 and Want, are with ruthless hand driving thou¬ 
 sands of their hapless victims to seek for that sub¬ 
 sistence in a foreign clime which they can no longer 
 obtain in the land of their nativityit would be 
 well for those who have formed ,the intention of 
 emiorating to America, under an' idea of saving 
 what little is left to them by an upstart merciless 
 .-junto, {who under a pretext of governing the 
 people, draw' from them the hard earned fruits of 
 of their industry , with a rapacity not exceeded by 
 the fabled Vampyre in its thirst after blood) to 
 pause, and after having obtained what information 
 they can upon the subject, seriously to consider 
 the matter .before they take so important astep. 
 
 The w riter of this pamphlet is no timid alarmist—.- 
 though an Englishman and a lover of the land that 
 gave him birth, he would for eyer renounce his 
 country if he thought it enslaved beyond the power 
 of redemption where liherty is, there is my 
 country!” and I doubt not, but ere long .my coun¬ 
 try will be the land of libeFty. Love of liberty, 
 and hatred of slavery, arc indelibly implanted in 
 the human mind—,-and.past experience has shewn 
 us, that there is no sacrifice too great for men to 
 make, to obtain the one, and free themselves from 
 the other ; life without .liberty is not w orth possess¬ 
 ing, and, 
 
 Were Paradise itself my prison 
 
 Still would 1 loDg to leap the crystal walls. 
 
 Discontent, wretchedness, and want, amongst 
 the people, are the inevitable consequences of 
 corruption and despotism in the rulers; while hap¬ 
 piness and content in a nation are certain marks of 
 
4 
 
 equitable laws, and of a wise and just govern¬ 
 ment. 
 
 The truth of these axioms is evident, and 
 ought to be had in lasting remembrance by every 
 Englishman ; but nevertheless embarrassment and 
 distress may for a time exist m a country under 
 a good government; and though under the 
 guidance of wise rulers, and possessing just and 
 equitable laws, it may possess many local disad¬ 
 vantages ; how far these remarks will apply to the 
 United States of America, thousands of our poor 
 expatriated countrymen, who are now lamenting 
 in hopeless agony that ever they crossed the 
 Atlantic for the shores of America can fully deter¬ 
 mine ; they can give a decided affirmative to them ; 
 and could teil their fellow countrymen what addi¬ 
 tional cause they have to curse and execrate the 
 self-elected tyrants, whom the British people, in 
 
 a fit of cowardly apathy, have in a dastardly man¬ 
 ner, sufl'ered to trample on the sacred rights of 
 man; and reduced them to a worse than Egyptian 
 -bondage. 
 
 The United States of America are unquestionably 
 governed by just and equal laws, administered 
 wisely and impartially, by reason of which the 
 Americans enjoy more of political, civil, and reli¬ 
 gious iiberty, than any other people in the world ; 
 the just reward of that noble spirit, which animated 
 them to throw' off the yoke of despots, and assert 
 their inalienable rights ; at once a proud example 
 and a reproach to Europe; teaching, “ that for 
 men to love liberty it is sufficient that they know 
 it; that for a nation to be free, it is sufficient that 
 they will it* 5 . 
 
 Although good government and wise laws are 
 indispensably requisite to the happiness of a 
 people, it is quite possible, and is very frequently 
 * the case, that from political changes and a variety 
 of events which the womb of time keeps continu¬ 
 ally producing; they may be reduced from a state 
 
5 
 
 of prosperity to difficulty and distress. As a striking- 
 proof of the truth of this assertion, let us look at 
 the United States of America, which, during the 
 last thirty years has trebled its population; has ac¬ 
 quired a commercial navy which can vie with any 
 in the world, and has arisen to a considerable de¬ 
 gree of opulence; but which is at present in a 
 dreadful labyrinth of commercial embarrassment; 
 and general distress; originating however from 
 very different causes to which the embarrassment 
 and distresses, under which the English nation are 
 now groaning, are to be attributed. 
 
 It is highly necessary that this distinction should 
 not be lost sight of; for I am well aware that the 
 harpies of despotism will catch at the distress 
 which exists in America, with as much pleasure 
 and avidity as an attorney at a commission of 
 bankruptcy, or Castlereagh and Co. at a plot, and 
 that they will endeavour, by sophistry and lies, to 
 persuade the people of England, that the distress 
 and misery which they labour under is only tempo¬ 
 rary and of a local nature—that it is not the effect 
 of bloody and unecessary wars—of profligate ex¬ 
 penditure of the public money to pensioners and, 
 boroughmongers, to bribe them to vote supplies— 
 and in paying an immense standing army to col¬ 
 lect ihe taxes thus illegally imposed at the point of 
 the bayonet. I know they will endeavour to 
 persuade the people, that their distress does not 
 originate in these things. Oh! no, say they; look at 
 America, your boasted land of liberty, where they 
 have no king nor any taxes—she is as much dis¬ 
 tressed as you are;—but it is now too late to preach 
 up this doctrine, nor will the people of England 
 believe it;—no, no, oppression and misery they 
 have been long too intimately acquainted with, 
 so that they know all about it, and are not to be 
 duped in such a manner. 
 
 It is much to be regretted, that men eminent for 
 talent and ability, who have gone from England to 
 
6 
 
 America, have not taken upon themselves the trou¬ 
 ble of giving to the British public a fair and impar¬ 
 tial account of the United States; instead of this, 
 there have been publications describing America in 
 a very partial light; the writers of which, generally, 
 have left this country predetermined to like 
 America; and as they have previous to their de¬ 
 parture been loud in its praise, they have deter¬ 
 mined not to express their disappointment when 
 they arrived there, for fear, perhaps, of the rail¬ 
 lery of their friends 5 —many of these writers have 
 
 acted like a courtier at a levee, or a sycophant in 
 the closet of a Prince; because they found a good 
 government, they could not see any defects in the 
 country or its climate, but with one dash of the pen 
 made it into a paradise; because the laws were 
 equitable and just, they have deceived people 
 into a belief, that the Americans themselves were 
 equitable and just also; because they found very 
 little expence on the part of the government, and 
 
 f ivernment in possession of ample funds to meet 
 e expenditure with very little taxation, they took 
 it for granted that the Americans were equally 
 economical and abounded with money; the very 
 reverse of which is a fact. 
 
 Far be it from me to arraign the motives of those 
 who have thus written, or to suppose they were 
 actuated by a wish to deceive ; they have given a 
 statement of their own success in the particular 
 sphere in which they have themselves moved, 
 without (in many instances) once looking out of it. 
 A person has done well in his own pursuits of life, 
 (he writes his friends to that effect) and for 
 ought he knows or cares, every one else may be 
 doing the same. Mr. Cobbett has come in for 
 more than a common share of blame on this sub¬ 
 ject, and his condnct has been strongly denounced; 
 but there are many men when they have entered 
 into speculations which have turned out unsuccess¬ 
 ful, instead of placing their disappointment to their 
 
1 
 
 own want of prudence and fore-thought , are weak 
 enough to try to shuffle it off themselves, and lay it 
 upon any one next them—without suspecting 
 Mr. Cobbett of any improper motives, I must say, 
 that, by his writings, he has been the cause of thou¬ 
 sands of individuals emigrating to America, who 
 will regret to the day of their death that ever they 
 did so. Mr. Cobbett is a man of superior talents, 
 he is a man much looked up to by the people of 
 England, they know him competent to give them 
 the best of information, they expected it from him, 
 and they had a right to do so—they are disap¬ 
 pointed ; and though, perhaps, Mr. Cobbett is not 
 deserving of reprobation, for misrepresenting the 
 state of America, at the different periods in which 
 he wrote, he has certainly recently withheld much 
 important information respecting it, which, in con¬ 
 sequence of the great declension of American 
 commerce, and the magnitude of emigration from 
 Britain to America during the last two years, many 
 
 people are of opinion that Mr. Cobbett ought to 
 have published. 
 
 But of all writers on the subject of emigration to 
 America, Mr. Birkbeck’s publications have done 
 the most mischief. I can allow for the warmth of 
 feeling in a man, who after having had a flattering 
 account given him of a place, and who, in the 
 warmth of imagination, has added a number of ideal 
 beauties of his own, w hen he finds himself deceived 
 and completely disappointed; he will give way to 
 the irritation of his mind, and, in the heat of his 
 resentment, impute motives to the person by whom 
 he has been deceived that do not injustice belong 
 to him. Hence it is that the name of Mr. Birkbeck 
 is execrated by hundreds of emigrants, who have 
 unfortunately been deceived by his writings— 
 though I have no doubt, but Mr. B. his equally 
 deceived himself. But it must be admitted, that 
 this is no consolation, to hundreds, of individuals, 
 who, after struggling for years.to support a family. 
 
s 
 
 have been compelled, by the iron hand of oppres¬ 
 sion, to break up their little establishments, which 
 was severing the link that bound them to every 
 thing near and dear to them, vainly to seek that 
 comfort in America which the delusive accounts of 
 Mr. Birkbeck had given them reason to hope were 
 to be found ;—some of them have left the cottage 
 in which they first drew breath, and in which the 
 days of childhood and of boyish pleasure were 
 passed, and which, in their exile, often recalls to 
 them the recollection of enjoyments and fond 
 endearments, experienced by them in happier days, 
 but now, alas! departed, never to return ; perhaps 
 liave left a father or a mother, infirm and destitute, 
 to hasten to a premature grave, perhaps to end 
 their days in a work-house; many have parted with 
 their relatives arid friends never to see them more, 
 in fact, have tom asunder every earthly tie to begin 
 the world anew, and to endeavour to procure a 
 subsistence amid the wilds and forests of Ajmerica, 
 exchanging the social intercourse of relatives and 
 neighbours, for the solemn, gloomy monotony of a 
 boundless wilderness;—and the temperate salubri¬ 
 ous climate of Great Britain, for a pestilential atmos¬ 
 phere, the standard heat of which in the Northern 
 and Western States, in summer, is by Fahrenheit’s 
 thermometer, from 84 to 96 degrees, and the cold 
 in winter is so intense, that the thermometer is seve¬ 
 ral degrees below Zero; extremes never known in 
 this country, and which prove so fatal to British 
 constitutions, that during the last summer, hundreds 
 who were in health in the morning, have been 
 interred before night, and in New York, Baltimore, 
 and other cities in the Union, a dozen people have 
 been known to drop down dead in the streets in one 
 day, occasioned principally by drinking cold water 
 at the pump when overheated, which is not at all 
 surprising, for during the past summer, the thermo 
 meter has stood in the shade frequently as high as 
 102 and 104 degrees. 
 
9 
 
 As a proof that Mr. Birkbeck has not realized the 
 golden hopes he anticipated, 1 am acquainted with 
 a'young man, a native of Derbyshire, who, among 
 many others, charmed with the flattering prospect 
 held out by Mr. B. left England and proceeded to 
 join him upon his tract of land in the Illionois terri¬ 
 tory, which after enduring great privations (in 
 travelling through forests impervious to the sun’s rays, 
 and uninhabited, save by bears, wolves, serpents, 
 &c.; without food, except sometimes, after 40 hours 
 fasting, a squirrel, which he had no means of cook- \ 
 ing, and no guide but a pocketcbmpass) he atlength 
 
 reached in the last week in February,1819, expecting 
 
 to find that Mr. B. had carried into effect the im¬ 
 provements uponhis land, which he proposed in his 
 celebrated letters from the Illionois,published inl817, 
 and that he had realized the. profits which he had so 
 confidently anticipated in the same letters; but to 
 his disappointment and surprize, he found that in¬ 
 stead of 100 acres of land that were to be planted 
 with Indian corn in 1818, and then to be put into 
 wheat in 1819, and another 100 acres again into 
 corn, that he had only broke up 40 acres on the 
 whole tract.; that he had not planted a single rood 
 with any thing, and that he had not a fruit tree 
 upon it; Mr. B. was confused at the interrogatories 
 put to him, and said that he had been disap¬ 
 pointed !—thus after having travelled upwards of 
 , five thousand miles in search of a farm, my acquain¬ 
 tance was glad to remeasure his steps back again 
 into Derbyshire, without taking one, and he has 
 left hundreds behind him who rvould be glad to do 
 the same if they could. 
 
 Since the commencement of the French Revo¬ 
 lution, and the increase of taxes attendant upon, 
 the sanguinary wars which followed that event, for 
 the purpose of reinstating the Bourbons upon the 
 throne of France, and extinguishing the light of 
 truth which that memorable event had shed upon the 
 political horizon of England, the burthens and 
 
10 
 
 privations of the people have kept rapidly increas¬ 
 ing, and have caused during the last 25 years, a tide 
 of emigration to the United States, unprecedented 
 in the annals of history. During the early part of 
 this period, when the influx of commerce into the 
 ports of America m consequence of the war, was so 
 astonishing, and the population of the country so 
 thin, that emigration was a great acquisition both 
 of strength, wealth and talent, and the emigrant 
 found no difficulty in obtaining a much more easy 
 subsistence there than in England; for while the 
 powers of Europe were in league against France, 
 with a view to restore tyranny and the divine rights 
 of Kings, the wise and politic government of 
 America remained neutral, and like the fox in the 
 fable, while the lion and the tiger were contending for 
 the prey, ran off with it; while Great Britain was 
 exhausting her finances and injuring her commerce; 
 America was gathering strength like a giant, and a 
 commercial navy, surpassed by none in the world, 
 covered the face of the ocean with the rapidity of 
 magic; the commerce of the world was conveyed 
 into her ports and from thence found its way to 
 every part of Europe; during this contention Ame¬ 
 rica became the carriers of the world, and Franee 
 for 25 years had millions of capital floating upon 
 American bottoms protected by their neutral flag, 
 and bidding defiance to the boasted navy of England. 
 
 This amazing influx of commerce into the United 
 States found employment for all classes of people ; 
 no matter how many emigrants arrived, when a ship 
 came in from Europe, tradesmen of all descriptions 
 flocked on board to enquire for hands; all kinds of 
 labour were well paid; a porter on the wharfs could 
 get two dollars per day ; the farmers and planters 
 too, were reaping aricli harvest; flour, rice, tobacco, 
 and all kinds of produce were sold at enormous 
 prices; in fact, France, was actually subsisted by- 
 America during her revolutionary war with England 
 and her allies, and during the war which England 
 
11 
 
 carried on in Spain and Portugal, the purchases of 
 Hour &c. by the British Government from the 
 IJnited States, were to a very large amount. 
 
 It is Dot then so much to be wondered at that 
 during this state of European warfare, with all 
 these advantages on her side, that America should 
 start as it were into greatness ail of a sudden, nor 
 is it at all surprising that with such a commerce, 
 and with such ample means of providing employ¬ 
 ment, thai such numbers of emigrants should flock 
 over and do well in the United States. But it is 
 often with nations as with individuals; prosperity 
 is too frequently productive of evil to them; this 
 flourishing state of things has been productive of 
 luxury and dissipation to an enormous extent; and 
 by exciting the cupidity of many, it led to a most 
 enormous and daring stretch of speculation amongst 
 the mercantile part of the community, which has 
 produced and encouraged an issue of paper money 
 in America, which, considering her means, is not to 
 be equalled, no, not by all the bankers in England, 
 with the shop in Threadneedle-street at their bead ; 
 America is now suffering severely on account of this 
 amongst other causes, and she is not yet at the 
 worst. 
 
 The French revolution has been productive of 
 events the most astonishing. America owed her sud¬ 
 den aggrandizement to that event, it wasone of those 
 fortunate circumstances which the chapter of acci¬ 
 dents turned up for her ; her prosperity continued 
 as long as Bonaparte retained his power, but the 
 battle of Waterloo gave a death blow at once to 
 Bonaparte and the commerce of the United States; 
 no sooner was legitimacy restored, and Louis the 
 desired placed on the throne of France, than the 
 channels of American commerce were dried up and 
 fresh ones opened—instead of France employing 
 American vessels and American seamen she sent out 
 her own vessels and her own men; the Dutch have 
 done the same, and every other maritime power in 
 Europe. 
 
12 
 
 America has also lost another profitable source 
 of traffic in the direct communication existing be¬ 
 tween England and the Continent of Europe:— 
 during the prohibitory decrees of Bonaparte, arti¬ 
 cles of British manufacture, we were obliged to be 
 first sent out to America, and from thence re-ex¬ 
 ported to Europe, by which the Americans made a 
 considerable profit independent of finding employ¬ 
 ment for her shipping and seamen. 
 
 In consequence of this new order of things, Ame¬ 
 rica has lost the greater part of her commerce, nor 
 is it very probable that she will ever regain it: it 
 arose out of peculiar circumstances, and was by no 
 means a natural state of things; when taken in a 
 national point of view it was only a sort of mush¬ 
 room greatness: quick in its growth, but of short 
 duration; from the v ery nature of things America 
 must be an agricultural rather than a manufacturing 
 or commercial country; she must build fewer ships 
 and cultivate more small farms for the employment 
 of the excess of her population, which the tide of 
 events by depriving her of her commerce has thrown 
 idle upon her hands; she must lay aside the luxury 
 and dissipation which prosperity has introduced, 
 and adopt a system of economy; had there been 
 no increase of population in America since 1S13, 
 she could not have found employment at this time 
 for the numbers she then had; is it to be wondered 
 at that there should be great distress when it is com¬ 
 puted that since 1813 there has been an increase of 
 population to the amount of two millions of souls, 
 and it is a fact that upwards of eleven hundred 
 emigrants landed in three days in the port of Phila¬ 
 delphia alone in the month of July last: aud there 
 are numbers of hands who are, and have been , 
 during the past summer working on the roads for 
 121 Cents per day, (about 7d. sterling) under a 
 burning sun, the thermometer sometimes as high 
 as 102 degrees. 
 
 Those who are lucky enough to find employment 
 in half a dozen cases out of ten, cannot get their 
 
13 
 
 wages when they have earned them; but sometimes 
 lose the whole of what they have been labouring 
 for months ; some rather than lose all take goods 
 and hawk them about for sale, and are almost always 
 obliged to sell them to loss; this is the case in 
 all trades, cabinet-makers, tailors, shoe-makers, &c. 
 are all in the same predicament. 
 
 The price paid by mechanics for board and lodg¬ 
 ing is from 34 to 4 dollars per week or from 15s. 9d. 
 to 18s. sterling, I know of none lower. Provisions are 
 somewhat cheaper than in England, but house rent 
 is universally above twice as dear; and fire-wood full 
 four times as high in price as coals are in Lancashire, 
 spirits, tea, tobacco, &c. are not one fifth the price 
 they are here, but this is rather a disadvantage than 
 
 a benefit from the immoderate use that is made of 
 
 them. 
 
 The currency of the United States is at this mo¬ 
 ment the most depreciated of any in the world, 
 specie you seldom see; all is paper, in notes of one, 
 two, three, five, &c. dollars, and the swarms of 
 banks and bill brokers is truly amazing; I have 
 myself now in my possession a note for 6j cents, 
 (about three-pence sterling) which I took in change 
 for postage at the Baltimore Post Office in the 
 month of March last, which notes are regularly 
 issued. 
 
 I here subjoin a table of discounts on bank notes 
 taken from the Baltimore American of the 17th of 
 August, 1819. 
 
 RATES OF DISCOUNT. 
 
 Bank of the United States and branches Par. 
 
 Banks in the S;ale of Massachusets, from - - 2 to 6 per cent- 
 
 Bo do Connecticut ... - 5 
 
 Do do New York - - - - 2j IS 
 
 New York, Citv Banks Par. 
 
 New York, Exchange Bank 35 
 T)o do Belaware ----- ll 10 
 
 Laurel Bank, Delaware ; 60 
 
14 
 
 Backs in the district of Columbia, -viz. Wash¬ 
 ington, Georgetown, &c.. 1 per cent 
 
 Mechanics Bank at Alexandria .20 
 
 Franklin do do - - - - - 60 
 
 Banks in the state of Virginia.2 10 
 
 Do do South Carolina ... 5 6 
 
 Do do Georgia ... 7 8 
 
 Do do Kentucky and Tennessee 10 25 
 
 Do do .Ohio 10, 20,25, 40 and 50 per cent. 
 
 Here is a pretty statement $ this is a depreciated 
 currency with a witness; it is quite unnecessary to 
 say any thing farther upon the state of America, 
 the above list speaks volumes; here are the fruits 
 of the greedy and ruinous speculations entered 
 into during the French war, to satisfy the cravings 
 of rapacious avarice, and to pamper swollen up 
 pride and dissipation. 
 
 The reader will perceive, by the above list, that 
 the notesof the Exchange Bank of New York, are 
 at a discount of 35 per cent.; (that is, you may 
 receive 65 cents instead of 100, the number of 
 cents contained in a dollar, for which amount the 
 notes are drawn;) this said Bank is kept by a man 
 of the name of Jacob Barker, who, notwithstand¬ 
 ing the insolvent state of his Bank, has the impu¬ 
 dence to offer himself as a candidate to represent 
 the state in the legislature! 
 
 With regard to the manners and dispositions of 
 the Americans, I shall say but little, for I cannot 
 say much to their advantage; the following quota¬ 
 tion from the pen of the able biographer of Dr. 
 Priestley, though a severe, is yet but too correct a 
 picture. He says, “ America it is true has produced 
 a Franklin, but undoubtedly that philosopher ac¬ 
 quired much of his knowledge in Europe ; and if 
 we may judge of the intellects of his countrymen 
 by their literary productions, they are the most 
 phlegmatic people upon earth; in the little arts of 
 cunning and commercial address, however, they are 
 more than a match for even European Jews”. 
 
 The Americans are indolent in the extreme .; 
 
15 
 
 they read but little, and are consequently ignorant 
 and ill-informed, except upon quibbling points of 
 
 law, in which they are continually engaged with 
 each other ; there are more pettyfogging lawyers 
 in the United States of America, than in any other 
 country in the world; towards England and English¬ 
 men they bear the most deep rooted antipathy, 
 which even finds its way into their courts of law, as 
 too many Englishmen can fully testify ; but they 
 are in some measure excusable on this head, when 
 the conduct of the British Government towards 
 them is taken into consideration. 
 
 The present overburthened state of population 
 in all the cities throughout the Union, has already 
 produced great distress, and in consequence.of the 
 depreciated state of the currency which is daily 
 getting worse ; the great numberof failures amongst 
 the banks, which rapidly decreases the quantity of 
 the circulating medium; I am decidedly of opinion, 
 that the distress experienced in 1816 and 1817 in 
 England, will be surpassed in America the ensuing 
 winter; in August last, in New York alone, there 
 were 500 shoe-makers out of employ, and an 
 equal proportion of hands in almost every other 
 branch of business; what is to become of them 
 in a country where there are no poor laws; and 
 where, during a 5 months’ winter, the thermometer 
 is several degrees below' Zero for weeks together, 
 an extremity of colii never known in this country, 
 and where fuel is excessively dear, God only 
 knows;—as many as can get back to England, 
 although they know that they are quitting starva¬ 
 tion, to encounter misery and oppression, are coming 
 over again. 
 
 The ship Magnet of and from New York (in 
 which the writer of this was a passenger) which 
 arrived in Liverpool, on the 27th of Septembei. 
 brought, back 16-1 British emigrants, a pretty striking 
 proof of the situation of America. 
 
 No man knows what England is till he has been 
 
16 
 
 out of it; it is without question, the loveliest 
 spot on the face of the earth; and shall this 
 far famed Isle of Albion, so long renowned for all 
 that is virtuous, patriotic and noble, be the inhe¬ 
 ritance of pusillanimous cowards, and dastardly 1 
 slaves? shall it become a den of monsters, despots 
 and tyrants ? rather let the lightnings of Heaven 
 sever it from this globe, and hurl it into everlasting 
 chaos;—Shade of Hampden, spirit of Sidney, oh! 
 avert it; let not the land which has drank of your 
 precious blood, ever be pressed but by the foot¬ 
 steps of freemen; let it ever be the happy home of 
 the brave and the free, and the everlasting tomb of 
 tyrants and despots—to those of my countrymen 
 who may have formed the resolution of emigrating 
 from it: I would say, “ they know hot what they 
 
 do,”—a nobler duty calls upon you to stay and join 
 heart and hand, firmly determined to enjoy the 
 rights, the inalienable everlasting rights of Men, 
 which, in consequence of your shameful, guilty 
 apathy, a few insignificant despots who are but 
 pigmies in. strength, though giants in guilt, are 
 witholding from you;—you have the richest prize 
 to contend for, that the world can afford,, or that 
 a beneficent God can give. The highly/avoured 
 island of 'Albion, and that island free; for such a 
 prize, he that will not conteffl to. life’s last gasp, 
 deserves to live the veriest slave alive; the exe¬ 
 crations of all good men will for ever attend him ; 
 and the curse of his children’s children will rest 
 upon his memory'.—Britons, be temperate but firm, 
 and you will soon enjoy touch more comfortable 
 homes, and happier firesides in your native land, 
 than any you can go in quest of—your country 
 wants ypur assistance, it would be cowardly to run 
 away. 
 
 Manchester, 1 6th October, 1819' 
 
 , ; Prided b} J. Wroe, IS, Market-sired,. Manchester.