Pani INSTITUTE of PACIFIC RELATIONS Honolulu, Hawaii June 30—July 14, 19, / M'- i ( o / i to / ^ * iBR*Pv IC ; ~ * * ' • « i J / **■*9 « ; « * ■—4- * ■ A 4 A N : ? l, 'A—." r \' / ' * y opk •a • Published by the Institute of Pacific Relations Address all communications to the Institute of Pacific Relations, P. O. Box 1561, Honolulu, T. H. A to ■ & s f * INSTITUTE OF PACIFIC RELATIONS ASSEMBLED AT HONOLULU This photograph shows the members, associate members and clerical staffs of the Institute assembled on the steps of Pauahi hall, Punahou (Oahu College). Oahu College is the oldest educational institution of academy rank west of the Rocky Mountains. The ample campus and buildings gave the Institute unusual facilities for its sessions. OFFICERS OF THE FIRST INSTITUTE Chairman: Ray Lyman Wilbur, Continental United States Vice-Chairman: Frank C. Atherton, Hawaii Executive Secretaries: J. Merle Davis, Continental United States; Charles F. Loomis, Hawaii Treasurer: L. Tenney Peck, Hawaii Executive Committee Ray Lyman Wilbur, Chairman L. Tenney Peck, Treasurer F. C. Atherton George H. Blakeslee Conrado Benitez L. N. Chang Hugh Cynn J. B. Gow H. Duncan Hall John Nelson S. Saito M. Sawayanagi S. T. Wen George G. Wilson J. Merle Davis, Executive Secretary Charles F. Loomis, Executive Secretary Riley H. Allen, Chairman J. B. Gow Alfred Holman Y. Ichihashi J. W. Jenks John Nelson Publicity Committee S. H. Roberts Chester H. Rowell Wm. Allen White Ray Lyman Wilbur Hin Wong M. Zumoto Program Committee George H. Blakeslee, Chairman Jay A. Urice, Assistant to Chairman Romanzo Adams Stanley Brent L. N. Chang L. T. Chen J. B. Condliffe D. J. Fleming T. Harada H. Duncan Hall Philin Jaisohn S. C. Lee K. C. Leebrick Y. Tsurumi G. R. Weaver, Secretary Findings and Publication Committee H. E. Gregory, Chairman C. C. Batchelder Miss M. L. Bollert Ta Chen Philip Jaisohn E. J. Stuckey K. Takayanagi A. Varney Miss Mary E. Woolley Y. C. James Yen Permanent A. L. Dean, Chairman F. C. Atherton S. N. Au-Young Conrado B’enitez J. B. Condliffe George W. Cowen Organization Committee Hugh Cynn K. Ibuka J. W. Jenks Miss Y. T. Law Mrs. Parker S. Maddux M. Zumoto Spiritual Emphasis Committee (to arrange for Daily Meditation) G. R. Weaver, Chairman D. J. Fleming L. N. Chang M. Sawayanagi Committee on Downtown Addresses K. C. Leebrick, Chairman Riley H. Allen L. R. Killam 3 COMMITTEE ON PRELIMINARY ARRANGEMENTS Central Executive Committee, Honolulu, Hawaii Walter F. Frear Frank C. Atherton, Chairman Arthur L. Dean, Vice-Chairman L. Tenney Peck, Treasurer Charles F. Loomis, Secretary Romanzo Adams Robbins B. Anderson Akaiko Akana Riley H. Allen Clarence H. Cooke James D. Dole Herbert E. Gregory Tasuku Harada Albert F. Judd S. C. Lee John Waterhouse Galen R. Weaver Charles Wong Y. C. Yang Mrs. I. M. Cox Grace Channon Mrs. K. W. Eddy Australia A. Jamieson, T. Thomas, F. D. Trainor Canada Harry Ballantyne, Edwin G. Baker, D. L. S. Klinck China S. C. Chu, John Y. Lee, David Yui Japan H. Nagao, G. S. Phelps, S. Saito Korea Hugh Cynn, William Nash, T. H. Yun New Zealand H. W. Kersley, C. M. Luke, A. Varney Philippines Manuel Camus, E. S. Turner, T. R. Yangco Continental United States Ray Lyman Wilbur, Chairman C. C. Batchelder Geo. H. Blakeslee Fletcher S. Brockman Edward C. Carter Henry P. Fairchild W. Cameron Forbes Harry A. Garfield Mihvard W. Martin Jerome D. Greene Geo. A. Plimpton G. A. Johnston Ross James M. Speers Geo. G.. Wilson E. Stanley Glines 4 THE FIRST INSTITUTE In June of 1925 the Institute of Pacific Relations was called “an adventure in friendship.” Now, a few months later, it is an “adventure” no longer. For “adventure” de¬ notes something in the nature of the untried, the experimental, even the doubtful. And the Institute of Pacific Relations is not an experiment now. It has been tried. The doubt has been cleared away. The adventure into a field that was new and largely unknown has been emphatically successful. The next step is to carry on. The first Institute was a beginning. Its logical outcome is a permanent work whose scope and very definite value are outlined in the following pages. Out in the Pacific, geographically almost at the center of that vast area, has been established a center from w'hich may radiate not only friendship but very definite and practical work to bring to the hundreds of millions of people around the Pacific authentic and helpful information about each other. In nine countries whose shores are washed by this mightiest of oceans, men and women are today working with new hope for peaceful settlement of some of the gravest questions that confront the world. FROM NINE COUNTRIES The Institute of Pacific Relations was in session at Honolulu, capital city of the American territory of Hawaii, from June 30 to July 14. One hundred and eleven active members attended. They came from nine countries. They brought with them considerable skepticism about the practical results possible to such a gathering. They realized it was experimental, and to some of them the difficulties seemed insurmountable. They expected, perhaps, a few per¬ functory addresses, some platitudes of goodwill, some rather dry papers on rather dry subjects, and discussions from which all the really controversial factors in the Pacific would be carefully and effectively barred. They went away, back to their countries, with entirely different feelings. They had had two weeks of the frankest, most refreshing exchange of thought and opinion possible to conceive. With utmost freedom of comment, and yet with entire courtesy and friendliness, they had talked about the very things which are most troubling the people of the Pacific today. It did not end in talk. This Institute, by its recognition of certain vital Pacific problems, is charting the way to avoid some perilous rocks, reefs and shoals. OUTGROWTH OF MOVEMENT FIVE YEARS AGO A brief word about the background of the Institute, so that its work may be better understood. As far back as 1920, it was proposed in Honolulu that an international confer¬ ence of Y. M. C. A. representatives, from Pacific countries, should be held in Hono¬ lulu. Several countries were quickly interested, but soon it appeared that this project was not broad enough, and it was expanded. An international Christian conference was then proposed. This, too, it appeared, could not fu’ly meet the situation presented by many Pacific problems which require the co-operation of all religions and of all men and women of good-will and scientific knowledge. Steadily the whole plan broadened and deepened, until the program was evolved of a gather¬ ing of men and women representing science and business and other spheres as well as the religious, educational and cultural. The plan of a great meeting—great in numbers—was considered and abandoned. Clearly, what was wanted was a conference in which small group meetings could be held, in which the entire body should not be so large as to be unwieldly, in which the most intimate discussion could be developed. Another thing needed was the attendance of people who were experts in various lines and could give authentic, detailed and up-to-the-minute information on actual conditions in Pacific countries. 5 Australian Group. Canadian Group. 6 Thus by the spring of 1925 the conference plan was well defined—a rather small but well-balanced and well-informed group from each country; an organization and agenda that would encourage freedom of discussion and yet would limit its range within practical bounds; and physical facilities that would enable such a conference to run smoothly and with maximum efficiency in all the numberless routine details. NON-GOVERNMENTAL AND NON-OFFICIAL It was under this plan that the Institute convened on June 30. It was non-gov¬ ernmental, non-political, non-sectarian,—entirely unofficial. The members were chosen in various countries as individuals, not as delegates from any organization of any kind. Some of them hold official positions at home, many are prominent in various fields of activity, but in coming to Honolulu they came as individuals with¬ out obligation to represent any organization, creed, political faith or government. This fact was instrumental in promoting the notable freedom of discussion. With this general view of the Institute of Pacific Relations as it convened on a June day in the picturesque and beautiful sea-city of Honolulu, the following facts, told briefly, will give an idea of the important new contribution to Pacific amity, indeed, to world-peace, that is now being developed. WHERE HELD The Institute of Pacific Relations was held at Honolulu, Hawaii, U. S. A. from June 30 to July 14, inclusive. The entire “plant” of Oahu college—campus buildings and other facilities—was put at the disposal of the Institute and virtually all of the visiting members and associates were housed in the college dormitories. All regular meetings of the Institute were held in one of the college buildings. ORGANIZATION Organization was effected on the afternoon of June 30 following the addresses of welcome and response. Dr. Ray Lyman Wilbur, president of Leland-Stanford Uni¬ versity, California, was elected chairman. Mr. Frank C. Atherton of Honolulu was e’ected vice-chairman. Mr. J. Merle Davis and Mr. Charles F. Loomis were elected executive secretaries. Mr. L. Tenney Peck, president of the First National Bank of Honolulu, who had previously served as treasurer of the central committee in Honolulu, was continued as treasurer of the Institute. Various officers and attaches connected with the preliminary arrangements carried on under the auspices of the central committee, were also continued. ATTENDANCE There were 111 active members and 31 associate members. Active members had full privileges of participation, voice and vote. Associate members had privileges of attendance at all sessions but not of voice or vote. PREPARATION AND LOCAL ARRANGEMENTS In preparation for the Institute, committees in Pacific countries had been at work for six months, and in some cases longer, on bibliographies, agenda, addresses, papers, statistics and other material. In Honolulu the central committee had organized a competent clerical staff and clerical facilities, as well as prepared the physical facilities of Oahu College to house the Institute. Business offices were set up at Oahu College and committees on program, entertainment, transportation, publicity, etc. had been functioning for several weeks prior to the opening of the Institute. 7 Chinese Group. Group from Japan. 8 PROGRAM CARRIED OUT The program was carried out in four main divisions, as follows: (a) Round tables. Fairly small groups of members organized for the purposes of general discussion of specific subjects, each round table with a leader and sec¬ retary, the more important round tables with stenographic service. Round table leaders served to direct and stimulate discussion but purposely avoided monopoliz¬ ing it. (b) Forums. General meetings of the entire membership of the Institute, either for the transaction of Institute business or for general discussion. Most of these forums were held early in the morning, allowing for reports to the whole member¬ ship from round tables of the day before. (c) Lectures and addresses at the place of the Institute. Each evening there were given several lectures and addresses on Institute subjects, open to the public. Considerable interest was manifested by the Honolulu public in these addresses. Effort was made to co-ordinate these open programs with the closed programs at the round tables and forums. (d) Lectures and addresses elsewhere than at the place of the Institute. Down¬ town halls and auditoriums were utilized for members of the Institute to speak to public audiences. While no effort was made to confine the topics of these speeches to Institute topics, the general subject matter of the downtown addresses was about the same as those at the Institute. Oahu College, the site of the Institute, is about two miles from the business center of Honolulu. The downtown addresses were regularly scheduled for each afternoon in the two weeks of the conference, and many other addresses were given downtown or in churches or school halls in the evening or at other times. The following is a sample program for one day: 9 to 11 A.M. Round Table Discussions Table No. 1—“Advantages and Disadvantages of Industrialization.” Led by Dr. K. C. Leebrick, Hawaii. Table Nos. 2 and 3—“Functions of Government in Relation to Industrial Devel¬ opment”; “International Aspects of Industrialization.” Leaders—Dr. W. W. Wil¬ loughby, Continental U. S.; T. Z. Koo, China. Table No. 4—“Methods of Industrialization.” Leader—Prof. J. B. Condliffe, New Zealand. 2 to 4 P.M. General Forum Statements on Immigration Policies by representatives "of various groups. Discussion. 4 P.M. Public address at Library of Hawaii—“Chinese Philosophy of Life,” by T. Z. Koo, Secretary, World’s Christian Student Federation, Geneva, Switzerland; dele¬ gate from China to the Opium conference. Public cordially invited to this address. C. A. Wong, of Honolulu, to preside. 7:45—9 P.M. Round Table Discussions General Topic: “Immigration in the Pacific.” Table No. 5—“Racial Aspects of Immigration in the Pacific.” Leader—Dr. George Grafton Wilson, Continental U. S. Table No. 6—“Legal and Political Aspects.” Leader—H. Duncan Hall of Australia. Table No. 7—“Cultural and Religious Aspects.” Leader—S. C. Lee of Honolulu (Chinese group). Table No. 8—“Economic Aspects.” Leader—Y. Tsurumi, Japan. 9 New Zealand Group. 10 Another typical program was: 9:00—10:30 A.M. General Forum Reports from the Round Tables considering: Extraterritoriality, Customs Con¬ trol, Tariff Revision and Foreign Loans, Treatment of Resident Aliens. 10:45—12:15 P.M. Round Table No. 1. Fundamentals of Immigration Policies. Chairman: Stanley Brent of Canada. Round Table No. 2. National Economic and Commercial Policies. Chairman: Y. Tsurumi of Japan. Round Table No. 3. Standards of Living in the Pacific. Chairman: J. B 1 . Cond- liffe of New Zealand. 4 P.M. Address upon Australia—Library of Hawaii—J. T. Massey of Australia. 7:45 P.M. Address (open to the public). General subject: Co-operation between the Countries of the Pacific: Along Legal and Political Lines—H. Duncan Hall, Dept, of History, Uni¬ versity of Sydney. Along Educational Lines—Mary E. Woolley, President, Mount Holyoke College, South Hadley, Massachusetts. • Along Scientific Lines—Herbert E. Gregory, Director, Bishop Museum, Hono¬ lulu. PUBLICITY PROGRAM AND CO-OPERATION Since it was desired to promote the fullest and frankest discussion at the Institute, the round table meetings and forums were closed to all but members and associates, and no detailed report of discussions or transactions at these closed meetings was given out for publication. The chairman of the publicity committee, who was an associate member of the Institute, served also as publicity manager. He is the editor of one of the Honolulu daily newspapers, and has charge of all publicity given out to newspapers, reporters, special writers, correspondents, etc. Excellent co-operation was experienced from the local newspapers and from the visiting correspondents, from newspapers and news agencies elsewhere, and the publicity plan as set up worked out effectively. FINDINGS AND PUBLICATIONS The Institute decided definitely not to pass resolutions obligating or suggesting action by any body, organization, society or government. The sole resolution passed was a vote of thanks to the people of Hawaii for their reception and enter¬ tainment. As the Institute endeavored to ascertain facts rather than to formulate policies which some other organization or persons would be urged to follow, it purposely avoided such resolutions. The chief publication of the Institute is a volume, now ready, containing a number of the principal addresses at the Institute, list of members, history of the Institute, and other informative material, and summaries of the round table and forum discussions. This volume is a record of the Institute rather than a statement of its “finding,” as the Institute did not endeavor to summarize the facts developed into any set of brief conclusions. 11 Group from the Philippines. Group from the United States. WHAT IT COST AND HOW IT WAS FINANCED The budget of the Institute of Pacific Relations was $75,000. Of this $25,700 was raised in Hawaii; $21,825 in the mainland of the United States (the mainland of the United States pledged $25,000 and expects to raise this amount before the end of 1925); the remaining $25,000 was raised in the other countries which participated in the Institute. The donors from the United States included the following: John D. Rockefeller, Jr., $10,000; World Peace Foundation, $5,000; Bernard M. Baruch, $1,000; Lee Higginson Co., $1,000; Wallace M. Alexander, $1,000; Alva B. Johnson, International General Electric, Seattle Committee, Thos. W. Lamont, Mrs. Emmons Blaine, Beatty B. Williams, Henry B. Robinson, Reuben B. Hale. Friends in China who contributed included the following: Chincheng Bank, Bank of Communication, Shanghai Chamber of Commerce, Admiral Tsai Tingkan, Hon. Shen Jui Lin, Commercial Press, Hon. Yish Rung Cho, Mr. Hsu Ching Yu. Japan contributed about $11,500, but the names of the individual contributors are not available at this writing. Other substantial amounts were raised in other countries. DIFFICULTIES AND PROBLEMS The chief difficulties which faced the Institute were: 1. Racial differences, i. e. those problems arising from differences in language, culture, points of view, and nationality. 2. Distance. Hawaii is almost in the center of the Pacific Ocean and each visiting delegate from the mainland United States had to travel at least 2,100 miles by water, while those from the Orient or Antipodes had to take more time and come even further. 3. Problems of agenda. It was impossible to outline definitely the program until the members of the Institute were actually on the ground. One result of this, was the impossibility of determining the speakers and subjects for the program until a day or so, or even less, before the time scheduled. A good part of the pro¬ gram was thus arranged within twenty-four to thirty-six hours before it was to be carried out. In practice, however, this often appeared to be a decided advantage as promoting freedom and informality of discussion, as well as co-ordination with the developing program. ACCOMPLISHMENTS The chief accomplishments, as enumerated by members near or after the close of the Institute, included the following: 1. Proof that such an Institute can be held, both physically and financially. The members were successfully gathered together from all around the Pacific; the program was carried out with almost no variation from schedule; the vast volume of clerical work was performed and, in brief, the job was done on schedule time. 2. Bringing people of various races together harmoniously. The Institute was notable for the frankness and comrades,hip engendered. This free exchange of thought and opinion and obvious ripening of acquaintanceship into friendship, progressed steadily from the opening day. 3. Inspiring the members each to return to his or her country enthusiastic over such a method of promoting international understanding. 4. Creating on the part of the local public a strong interest in and enthusiasm for the purposes and ideals of the Institute. This was evident in the large attend¬ ance at all public meetings and in the many evidences of public interest which came to all members of the Institute. 4. Wide publicity given, and still to be given, to the Institute. Various, great news agencies, such as the Associated Press, the United Press and others, 13 each day carried to tlieir hundreds of client newspapers news by wireless in considerable detail of the program and plans of the Institute. Various newspapers had correspondents at Honolulu and one newspaper, the Chicago Daily News, sent a special writer from Chicago to Honolulu particularly to cover the Institute pro¬ ceedings. The volume of publicity developed during and after the period of the Institute was very large, and much is still being developed. 5. It is believed that various governments around the Pacific were much im¬ pressed with this proof that an international gathering can meet and discuss delicate questions without irritation or unfortunate complications. 6. Plans were enthusiastically adopted for a permanent Institute. PLANS FOR A PERMANENT INSTITUTE An organizing committee of five—Mr. Frank C. Atherton, of Honolulu, Hawaii; Mr. Y. Tsurumi, of Japan; Mr. John Ne’son, of Canada; Dr. S. T. Wen, of China; Dr. Ray Lyman Wilbur, of Continental United States—was appointed and author¬ ized to proceed with the plans for the permanent Institute. This Institute will meet periodically, probably every two years, in one of the Pacific countries. It has been tentatively decided and is virtually certain that the 1927 meeting will again be held at Honolulu. Inasmuch as the Institute is still in a formative stage, and it is desired to set its character a little more definitely and permanently in the light of previous experience and favorable conditions at Honolulu. A budget of $75,000 annually has been estimated as adequate. This would include the organizing expenses in the various countries, as well as the maintenance of a central office in Honolulu. MEMBERSHIP AND REPRESENTATION The permanent Institute will have a membership from the leading Pacific countries. Representation will, as in the case of the first Innstitute, be by individuals rather than by delegates from organizations. The temporary organizing committee will designate an individual in each Pacific country to serve as a nucleus to build up the membership in that country. Prior to each conference there will be extensive research work undertaken. The experience of the 1925 Institute points the way for effective development of future agenda. The permanent Institute will be financed, it is expected, by gifts from indi¬ viduals, societies, foundations, etc., and, as in the case of the first Institute, these will be given without any obligation to governments, politics or sectarianism of any kind. GENERAL INFORMATION The central committee at Honolulu was authorized by the Institute to carry forward until the end of 1925, when it is expected the organizing committee will have perfected the plan of future organization. The central committee maintains at Honolulu a central office with an executive secretary in charge. Information on any subject with which the Institute is concerned will be cheerfully given. All communications should be addressed to the Institute of Pacific Relations, P. O. Box 1561, Honolulu, T. H. 14 MEMBERS INSTITUTE OF PACIFIC RELATIONS JUNE 30 —JULY 14, 1925 HONOLULU, HAWAII MEMBERS Dr. Romanzo Adams, professor of economics, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii. Rev. Akaiko Akana, pastor of Kawaiahao Church, Honolulu; P. O. Box 237. Frank C. Atherton, vice-president and general manager Castle & Cooke; former president Honolulu Chamber of Commerce; chair¬ man of Central Executive Committee in charge of local arrange¬ ments for Institute; Castle & Cooke, Ltd., Honolulu, Hawaii. Mrs. Frank C. Atherton, Honolulu. S. N. Au-young, lawyer, legal advisor; director of the Chinese Gov¬ ernment Bureau of Economic Information, Shanghai. China. Charles C. Batchelder, expert on Pacific commerce; former U. S. trade commissioner in India; former under-secretary of the interior of the Philippines; lecturer; Washington, D. C.; address, 36 Gram- mercy Park, New York City. American Conrado Benitez, attorney; Manila, Philippine Islands, former tech¬ nical advisor Philippines Mission to the United States; address. Roxas Building, Manila, Philippine Islands. Philippine Dr. George H. Blakeslee, professor of history and international rela¬ tions at Clark University, and leader of the “round table” on Pacific problems at the Williamstown. Massachusetts, Institute of Politics; address, Clark University. Worcester, Mass. American Miss M. L. Bollert, dean of women. The University of British Colum¬ bia; member of the National Council of Education: address, The University of British Columbia. Vancouver. B. C., Canada. Canadian Stanley Brent. National Council secretary of the Y. M. C. A. of West¬ ern Canada; address, Y. M. C. A., Vancouver, B. C. Canadian Fletcher S. Brockman, associate general secretary of international committee of the Y. M. C. A., New York City; address, 347 Madison Avenue, New York City. American Dr. J. MacMillan Brown, ethnologist; chancellor New Zealand Univer¬ sity; Christchurch, New Zealand. New Zealand Fred E. Brown, graduate University of Melbourne; address, Oberlin Theological Seminary, Oberlin, Ohio; residence, Camberwell, Mel¬ bourne, Australia. Australian George R. Carter, businessman, former governor of the Territory of Hawaii; address, 472 Judd Street, Honolulu. Hawaii A. C. Caughey, businessman, Auckland, New Zealand. New Zealand Dr. L. N. Chang, attorney and counsellor of law, Hankow, China. Chinese Miss Grace Channon, general secretary Y. W. C. A., Honolulu. Hawaii Dr. Ta Chen, professor of sociology, Tsinghua College; address, Tsing- hua College, Peking, China. Chinese GROUP Hawaii Hawaii Hawaii Hawaii Chinese 15 MEMBERS GROUP L. T. Chen, secretary of the city division of the National Committee of Y. M. C. A. for China; address, 20 Museum Road, Shanghai, China. Chinese Dr. Norman F. Coleman, president of Reed College, Portland, Oregon; leader of the Loyal Legion of Loggers and Lumbermen; address, Reed College, Portland, Oregon. American J. B. Condiiffe, professor of economics, Canterbury College, University of New Zealand; address, Canterbury College, Christchurch, New Zealand. New Zealand George H. Cowan, K. C., lawyer; Vancouver, B. C.; address, 4870 Osier Avenue, Vancouver, B. C. Canadian Mrs. I. M. Cox, secretary Honolulu Academy of Arts; Honolulu, Hawaii; 919 12th Avenue, Honolulu. Hawaii Hugh Cynn, general secretary of the Y. M. C. A. for Korea; address Central Y. M. C. A., Seoul, Korea. Korean Frederick M. Davenport, member of Congress, professor of law and politics, Hamilton College, New York; Clinton, New York. American Dr. Arthur L. Dean, president University of Hawaii; vice-chairman of central executive committee, Honolulu. Hawaii Miss Mary Dingman, industrial secretary for the World’s Committee of the Y. W. C. A.; address, 34 Baker Street, London, England. American Charles H. Fahs, librarian, Missions Research Library; editor, Atlas of Missions, geographer; 25 Madison Avenue, New York. American Hon. Wallace R. Farrington, Governor, Territory of Hawaii. Hawaii Mrs. Wallace R. Farrington, Honolulu. Hawaii Dr. Daniel J. Fleming, professor of missions in Union Theological Seminary, New York; address, Union Theological Seminary, 3041 Broadway, New York. American Mrs. Percival Foster, field secretary Dominion Council Y. W. C. A., Toronto, Canada; address, 34 Dunvegan Road, Toronto, Canada. Canadian Walter F. Frear, attorney, former governor and former supreme court justice, Honolulu, Hawaii; local address, Stangenwald Building, Honolulu. Hawaii W. D. M. Glaister, solicitor; Auckland, New Zealand. New Zealand George Gleason, secretary Y. M. C. A., Los Angeles; formerly in Y. M. C. A. in Japan; with the Y. M. C. A. in Siberia during the World War; address, 715 So. Hope Street, Los Angeles. American J. B. Gow, member of legislative council of New Zealand; at Welling¬ ton; residence, Opotiki, New Zealand. New Zealand Dr. Herbert H. Gowen, Orientalist; professor of Oriental languages and literature, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; address, 505 22nd Ave. N. E., Seattle, Wash. American Dr. Herbert E. Gregory, director Bishop Museum, Honolulu; professor of geology, Yale; chairman committee on Pacific Investigations, National Research Council; local address, c/o Bishop Museum. Hawaii H. Duncan Hall, department of history, University of Sydney; tutorial lecturer in international relations, Sydney, N. S. W.; address, Moree Street, Gordon, Sydney, Australia. Australian Dr. T. Harada, professor of Japanese language and history; University of Hawaii; local address, 1728 Rocky Hill, Honolulu. Japanese Alfred Holman, editor San Francisco Bulletin, San Francisco, Cali¬ fornia; address, San Francisco Bulletin, S. F., Cal. American Harry N. Holmes, travelling secretary federal council of Churches of Christ in America; former Y. M. C. A., secretary in New Zealand; 105 East 22nd St., New York City. New Zealand Dr. Stanley K. Hornbeck, political economist and lecturer on Far East, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts; addresses, c/o American Legation, Peking, China; and Cosmos Club, Washing¬ ton, D. C. American 16 MEMBERS GROUP Dr. Paul Hutchinson, managing editor, The Christian Century, Chicago; former editor and author in China; address, 440 South Dearborn Street, Chicago, Illinois. American Dr. Kajinosuke Ibuka, president emeritus of Meiji Gakuin (college) and chairman of the national committee of the Y. M. C. A. for Japan; address, 346 Sankocho, Shiba, Tokyo, Japan. Japanese Mrs. K. Ibuka, B. S., chairman, National Committee Japanese Y. W. C. A.; Director W. C. T. U. of Japan, Manager Women’s Col¬ lege, Kobe; address 346 Sankocho, Shiba, Tokyo, Japan. Japanese Dr. Yamato Ichihashi, professor of Japanese history and government, Stanford University, California; address, Stanford University. Japanese Akira Ishii, former vice-president of the Nippon Yusen Kaisha Steam¬ ship Company; address, 157 Kogai-Cho, Azabu-ku, Tokyo, Japan. Japanese Philip Jaisohn, businessman; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; address, Lincoln & Gayley Streets, Media, Pennsylvania. Korean Dr. Jeremiah W. Jenks, political economist; professor of government and public administration, director of division of Oriental com¬ merce and politics, New York University; President, Alexander Hamilton Institute; address, 13 Astor Place, New York City. American Kiichi Kansaki, dean of the College of Commerce of the Kwansei Gakuin (college); former general secretary of the Japanese asso¬ ciation in America; Kobe, Japan; address, Kwansei Gakuin, Kobe, Japan. Japanese H. W. Kersley, director James Smith, Ltd., soft goods store; chairman Y. M. C. A. National Committee for New Zealand; address, Wel¬ lington, New Zealand. New Zealand Chong C. Kim, professor, Po-Sung College, Seoul, Korea. Korean Yang S. Kim, editor of the Chosen (daily paper), Seoul, Korea. Korean T. Komatsu, manager of the Toyo Kisen Kaisha (steamship company), San Francisco, Calif.; address c/o T. K. K., San Francisco, Calif. Japanese T. Z. Koo, secretary World’s Christian Student Federation, Geneva, Switzerland; delegate at Geneva Opium Conference; address, 20 Museum Rd., Shanghai, China. Chinese Miss Yau Tsit Law, general secretary Y. W. C. A., Canton, China; address, 38 Paak Hok Tung, Canton, China. Chinese S. C. Lee, professor of Chinese, University of Hawaii; Honolulu. Chinese Dr. K. C. Leebrick, professor history and political science, University of Hawaii. Hawaii Dr. S. Gale Lowrie, professor of political science. University of Cin¬ cinnati; former lecturer and advisor, Tsinghua College, Peking, China; address, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio. American C. M. Luke, ex-member of the legislative council of New Zealand; Wel¬ lington, New Zealand. New Zealand K. F. Lum, secretary of Chinese work, Nuuanu Y. M. C. A., Honolulu, Hawaii. Chinese Robert Newton Lynch, vice-president and manager San Francisco Chamber of Commerce, San Francisco, California; address, P. O. Box 126, Los Altos, California. American Mrs. Parker S. Maddux, former president San Francisco Center League of Women Voters; political and social worker; address, 2868 Val¬ lejo Street, San Francisco, Calif. American J. T. Massey, general secretary Adelaide, Australia, Y. M. C. A. Australian Miss Janet Mitchell, assistant secretary Council of Victorian League of Nations Union, and organizing secretary of education depart¬ ment, Y. W. C. A., of Melbourne; address, 572 St. Vulda Road, Melbourne, Australia. Australian John Nelson, editor and writer; Vancouver, B. C.; address, 2566 York Street, Vancouver. Canadian 17 MEMBERS GROUP S. Niwa, general secretary Japanese Y. M. C. A. in Korea; Seoul, Korea. Japanese Dr. Robert E. Park, sociologist, professor of sociology, University of Chicago; research director, Survey of Race Relations, Pacific Coast; Chicago, Illinois. American Mrs. R. Pearson, member New Zealand field committee Y. W. C. A.; address, 208 The Terrace, Wellington, New Zealand. New Zealand G. Sidney Phelps, senior secretary for Japan for the International Com¬ mittee Y. M. C. A., chief of the Y. M. C. A. in Siberia during the World War; address: 10 Omote Sarugaku-cho, Kanda, Tokyo, Japan. Japanese Rt. Hon. Lord Radstock; Woolston, Hampshire, England. At Large Dr. Frank Rawlinson, editor Chinese Recorder, Shanghai, and China Mission year books; director of Chinese studies for Shanghai municipal council; address, Chinese Recorder, Missions Building, Shanghai, China. American Edgar M. Robinson, World’s Committee Y. M. C. A., Geneva, Switzer¬ land. At Large Stephen Henry Roberts, lecturer in modern history and race problems, University of Melbourne; Melbourne, Australia. Australian Chester H. Rowell, publicist, former president and general manager of the Fresno Republican, California; writer on political and social subjects; 1204 Tamalpais Road, Berkeley, California. American Newton W. Rowell, lawyer; president of Executive Council of Dom¬ inion of Canada cabinet during World War; Toronto, Canada. Canadian S. Saito, general secretary Tokyo Y. M. C. A., Tokyo, Japan. Japanese Dr. T. Sato, Director, Sato Institute of Scientific Research; lecturer, Tohoku Imperial University; address, Ochiai, Tokyo, Japan. Japanese Dr. M. Sawayanagi, member of the Japanese House of Peers; former vice-minister Department of Education; President of Japan Educa¬ tional Association; former president of Kyoto Imperial University; address, Takada-Machi, Tokyo, Japan. Japanese Paul Scharrenberg, secretary treasurer California State Federation of Labor, 525 Market street, San Francisco, California. American Dr. Henry B. Schwartz, supervisor of foreign language schools, de¬ partment of public instruction, Honolulu, Hawaii; local address, same. Hawaii Dr. E. J. Stuckey, medical missionary, formerly with Peking Union Medical College, China; address, 50 Elphin Grove, Melbourne, Australia. Australian Chin Woo Song, editor of the Dong-a Illba (daily paper), Seoul, Korea. Korean Y. Takaki, professor at College of Law, Tokyo Imperial University, Tokyo, Japan; address, 3321 Nakano, Tokyo. Japanese Kenzo Takayanagi, professor at College of Law, Tokyo Imperial Uni¬ versity; address, 450, Sankocho, Shiba, Tokyo, Japan. Japanese Mrs. K. Takayanagi, address same as above. Japanese Dr. Alva W. Taylor, secretary board of Temperance and Social Welfare, Disciples of Christ; address, 821 Occidental Building, Indiana¬ polis, Indiana. American Hugh Tennent, Henry Davis Audit Company, Honolulu, Hawaii. New Zealand Dr. Payson J. Treat, professor of history Stanford University, Cali¬ fornia. American Yusuke Tsurumi, former counsellor Imperial Government Railways, Japan; 53 Sangenya Azabu, Tokyo, Japan Japanese Mrs. Yusuke Tsurumi, address, 53 Sangenya,, Azabu, Tokyo, Japan. Japanese Uck Kyum Yu, dean of the Chosen Christian College, and professor of laws; Seoul, Korea; address, 107 Chai-Dong, Seoul, Korea. Korean A. Varney, general secretary National Committee of Y. M. C. A. for New Zealand; address, Muritai, Wellington, New Zealand. New Zealand 18 MEMBERS GROUP Mrs. Maki Vories, member Omi-Hachiman Mission; principal, Seiyu- en Kindergarten; Hachiman, Omi, Japan. Japanese Miss C. N. Wang, dean and acting principal of the Tsung-Hua Girls’ School, Soochuow, China; address (mai 1 ) c/o Dr. C. C. Wang, Michael Reese Hospital, 29th St. and Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois, U. S. A. Chinese Dr. S. T. Wen, former commissioner of foreign affairs at Kiangsu, China, and recently commissioner of foreign affairs and superintendent of customs, Shanghai, China; delegate to Washington Conference, 1922; address, 87 Rue Masseret, French Town, Shanghai, China. Chinese William Allen White, editor Emporia, Kansas, Gazette; author and speaker on political, economic and social subjects; Emporia, Kansas. American Dr. Ray Lyman Wilbur, president Stanford University; former presi¬ dent American Medical Association; Stanford University, Cali¬ fornia. American D. R. Williams, attorney and judge; Philippine Islands; member Philippine Judiciary; address, 446 Mills Building, San Francisco, California. Philippine Miss Elsie Wilcox, commissioner of public instruction for Kauai; Lihue, Kauai, Hawaii. Hawaii Dr. George Grafton Wilson, publicist, professor of international law, Harvard University; Cambridge, Mass. American Dr. W. W. Willoughby, professor of political science. Johns Hopkins University; former advisor to Chinese government; address, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland. American Charles Wong, manager Chinese-American Bank, Ltd.; Honolulu. Hawaii Hin Wong, journalist and editor; correspondent for Reuter’s and other news agencies, Canton, China; address, Chinese Y. M. C. A., Hongkong, China. Chinese Dr. Mary E. Woolley, president Mount Holyoke College, South Hadley, Mass. American James Y. C. Yen, general director for National Association of the Mass Education Movement; address, 22 Shih-pu-ma-ta-chieh, Peking, China. Chinese Major Frank Young, president of the National Council of the Y.M.C.A. of England; East Sussex, England; Major Roya 1 Artillery (retired list); address, c/o Y. M. C. A. National Council, Tottenham Court Road, London, W. C., England. At Large M. Zumoto, editor Herald of Asia Japan; journalist; ex-M. P., Tokyo, Japan; address, The Herald of Asia, Hibiya Park, Tokyo, Japan. Japanese ASSOCIATE MEMBERS GROUP Riley H. Allen, editor Honolulu Star-Bulletin; Honolulu, Hawaii. Hawaii Miss Mary I. Bentley, general secretary, Y. W. C. A ; student secretary to India; address, 620 Sutter Street, San Francisco, California. American Carroll Binder, special staff correspondent Chicago Daily News; Chicago, Illinois. American H. O. Beyer, professor University of Philippines, Manila, Philippine Islands. Philippine Miss Mary Catton, director Hospital Social Service, Honolulu; address, 2236 Vancouver Highway, Hono ulu, Hawaii. Hawaii C. Montague Cooke, Bishop Museum; Honolulu. Hawaii Dr. James E. Crowther, University Methodist Church. Seattle, Wash¬ ington. American A. C. Elkinton, Philadelphia Quartz Company, Berkeley, California. American James L. Gardiner, student Pomona College, California; address, Box 104, Route 1, Fullerton, California. American 19 ASSOCIATE MEMBERS GROUP Edward S. Handy, ethnologist, Bishop Museum; address, Bishop Museum, Honolulu. Hawaii Arthur A. Hauck, president Oahu College; address, Punahou School, Honolulu. Hawaii Paul Huston, student Purdue University; 3946 Guilford Avenue, Indian¬ apolis, Indiana. American Albert F. Judd, lawyer; former territorial senator; address, c/o Bank of Hawaii, Honolulu. Hawaii L. R. Killam, executive secretary Nuuanu Y. M. C. A., Honolulu, Hawaii. Hawaii Mrs. S. C. Lee, 1709 S. Beretania Street, Honolulu, Hawaii. Chinese Miss Elizabeth Livermore, 1023 Vallejo St., San Francisco, Calif. American Wm. K. Luke, businessman, Shanghai, China. Chinese Paige Monteagle, lawyer; unofficial observer of League of Nations; address, 2516 Pacific Avenue, San Francisco, California. American Mrs. Elizabeth K. Owen, assistant professor economics, Mi’ls College, Oakland, California. American L. Tenney Peck, president First National Bank, Honolu’u, Hawaii. Hawaii Chi Sung Pill, Nuuanu Y. M. C. A., Honolulu, Hawaii. Korean Miss Laura Pratt, student University of Hawaii; address Nuuanu Ave. and Judd, Honolulu, Hawaii. Hawaii Dr. C. E. Rugh, Professor of Education, University of California, Berkeley, California. American Miss Maud Russell, student secretary Y. W. C. A. in China for the American Committee; address 1 Young Allen Court, Shanghai, China. American George Sakamaki, student, University of Hawaii, Honolulu. Hawaii Norman C. Schenck, field secretary Hawaiian EvangeMcal Association, Honolulu. Hawaii David Tokimasa, student, University of Hawaii, Honolulu. Hawaii John D. Tomlinson, student, Northwestern University; address, 2600 Orrington Avenue, Evanston, Illinois. American Albert G. Virtue, lawyer, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada. Canadian W. M. Vories, founder Omi-Hachiman Mission, Hachiman, Japan; address, Hachiman, Omi, Japan. Japanese Andrew Westervelt, student, Oberlin College; address, 2963 Kalakaua Avenue, Hono’ulu. Hawaii Hiss Helen Yun. student; care Y. M. C. A., Seoul, Korea, Korean SECRETARIAT GROUP J. Merle Davis, executive secretary of the Institute; address, Institute of Pacific Relations, Honolulu. American Charles F. Loomis, executive secretary of the Institute; address, Institute of Pacific Relations, Honolulu. Hawaii Jay A. Urice, assistant to the chairman of the Program Committee, New York City; address 347 Madison Avenue, New York. American Riley H. Allen, director of publicity, Honolulu. Galen R. Weaver, editorial section; address, Mission Memorial Build¬ ing, Honolulu, Hawaii. Hawaii Mrs. Katherine Eddy, official hostess, Honolulu. American 20