Ex SItbna 4 JH..I I rirK«i»iifB<|ii I III !!■ I ( fTii i» iriwi iiri -irr in im „ ' T HE Key of Hidory. OR, ps^ moft methodicall Abrido-emerit of the fourc Ferfia.Grcecey and Rome. Bei'4ga generdl dndcQm^endi' eus chronicle fi om the Flood: Digeftcd into thrge bookes. Wbereunto is added a marginall Cronolcgieof eyety Roiiianc Emptroiirs 0 E.aign^jCndof ail thcnioftmeniora- bk perfons a«d accidents. 1 Together with briefe illuflrat^nsf v^pon the more obfcure i jiamCi place S;,and office. The feceni Edit'mi Written by that excellent and mofi leArnsdman I o h S l s i a n. ""l 0 N D O I Printed for Willian% Sbeares, and * and are to be foul|bt his /hop at the great South ^oere of 1^ faalcs (^^M^^(.h ^\6ll» f 1 i he Tranflator to the indijferent Reader. E pr ji/e of Hiftory iri oe- nerall, or this Generall Hi- ftory 5 being but tralatitious , efpecially both rpeaking their ovvne \vorth,maybcc my Apolo- gieibrboth', eythertoex- cufe me from the vfuall en- comions in the preface to moft HiftarieSj or aifmifle mee with Snlitfls fpecch rthage^ "Tis B better concerning I The Jranflator . better to fpcake no-hing, then net- to fpeake'homc. For the firft thereof, O- ceroes^ fine moil- figfiificant, and feucrally volume -wor- thy Epthctes, iTiall fuffice ; IMory is . Times euidence, ■Amiqmties,. Herald, Truths light, n^emorics life,^ Itfis O^'^ijireffe: And for the o- thcr, ^ this Ghronicaii Hi- f^ory. folloi^ing ) be/ides the Authors own admired and' approued knowledge in hiftory the large Com- | nientaries, and explication or the onginail Autliors, fee forth by the accurate inveftigation of two re- iier^nd Diuincs, and a fa- nioos Poet, warrant ir. His maioe drih , as thou may it eaiily pciceiue, was to bee I fuc- . Tn.' Epiftle. fiiccirKfl and clofc, bur with, all pcrlpicLious , by "vvhrch hcc hath made him felfe the Pri/ice of Eptomifis : and by his traafcendent deli- neation of thefonrechicfe Monarchies ch iefe Mo- narch of all Hiftorians in this kind . For hee hath at- tain'd to fuch a height of pcrfedion, that as, Vol^bim would haiie ir , a man may at the firft view, behold the whole body of Hilloryjand euery member fo pour, traied to life, thatfcarcca- j ny aian of cminency, or | ad of €xccUeDcy , eyther in -Church or Common- wealth, is omitttd : being withali fo exadly and me- thodically coucht toge- ther^ that thy eye may run B 2 in T'he Tranfiator in a line , from the begin- ning to the end. Hee hath made it a common Key to eiiery do ore , and a little PcrfpecilL to carry thy fight all the world oner : the worke it felfe , being the " very s^arrcrv and quint tf- fence ( pardon the meta- phors) of all hiftorie. The Gonfideratipn . hereof inui- tcd me ( one moft vnfit; to aduenture the tranfplanta- tion of tliis prctious exo. ticke roote , into our owne foile. - Wherein my care to the •Authoi:s meaning wjs religious , , which ( as I fuppos'd ) would bee the chiefeft thiiDg aym'dat- e» I fpecially in old mans la ft workc ( for hee ended this bookc & his life both ia to the Reader, in one yearc, ) where wee muO: not looke for a Pane- gyricall ftile , or lofty words ( which I might haae perform'd and per- haps with moreeafe) but, as ir is a plaine, f Kile, a nd I methodicall narration befl I fuiting with the - tender ca- 1 paciry of younger I?^c:p-^ efsts^ for whom the Author enrending it, well knowing that ofcentimcs young wits dote more vpon frothy words, then foiid matter. Plainnefleis my ambition, ( clfc needed nor thefe little marginall illuftrations on- ly to facisfie a mcere Eng- glifli Reader, in forae pla- cesj (if thou confidereft not rayreafons) I may feemc to fwcrue from the Au- B 3 thors The Tranjlam thors- meaning. As in the word Cdfar which the Author vfes for Emperour, almofl through- out the bookc. But after Nero I call them all Empe- rors (onely for more plain- nefle ) . becaufe tke hne of the C£firs was extied: in him. Fraf^celczW Gallia^ till about Honor his his time, when < after the French Germms had feated. them, ielues .there) it fell into ■their name. I hauc takea the fame courfe too , ton-., jching other Countries and jCities, till they chang'd their mmcs : except fuch, as iiill ( with very lirtlp al- tci-arionof the ancientidi* oipes)ieteind their names 1 5| to the Reader, as ' Vifofim now Eefanfon, Suefstons no'^^-SoiJJmSj Szc. Some may thinke, that lu. Uti'S Cxfar would haiie foun- ded better then Cams C^far^ ( by which name- the Ali- thor calls him in eueiy phcej becaufe that compci- fetion is more commonly knowne ; but qaeftionlefle the Authors meaning there- in , was to auoyd ali dciibrs- lor wee rcade of more of the Cafars beiides hira, that had the nomen Iulim^% Lu- cim lulim Cafar^ and Sext lulius C^/ir, but neuer any other call'd C^/«^j that euer I heard of For my well-meaning prefumption, in adding the times of each more memor table accident J and of the B 4 . feuerall I The TrdpjUior I ^f I fetierMl raignes of all the I Em|)®r6ui;s 5 1 hope I fhall ffnde. pdrJon^ fith it may fetm for a little Chrono- i iogy. i ! ''Though I cannot bee fo 1 ambitious to de/ire a free- I I d®nie from eucry open- I \ month' d i^r^ei^0 ^ when j i the beft defer uing men ' could neuer yet obraine it • : yet Iboth wifli and intreate :ihat eucry • indiflPerent eye ■p: I woii3d make a charitable: I conrrmdion of , f if ;I may i fo 'all them) tiiy good en-" I deauours , ballancihg all i .veniali errours ; yvith my 1 yo'^ing cxperiv nee ; and in- ^ ! conuenicnce of ftudy^ and I to accept of the Diamond j though riot fet in ic^s dcfcr- i ucd' foilc ; the one may j . ' ■ '^encourage to the Reader encourage , the other can- not daunt mce/or I haiie fet vp my refolution , in old LMimnermm his^ Diftich OhleBes animum,flehs efi morofa legendo^ llle bene de te dicct , ^ iUe male* Farewell TO THE MOST Illuftrious Prince, Eh- rard , "Duke of Wittenberg and LeckyComi'mMum- ' felgan ; lobn S/eidaK -wi{h' eth all health, &c. Herature being the greateji ornament of your dignity^ (Princely E- hcx^xdythe^sigJi it hehiH in- different -^yet that efpectally, which cornfrehends w it the K^cis ofalUges , {kits heft to pur Condition : ^nda- mongft vs thitt pofc([c the name ThcEpiftlc name of chrifi ; the holy | Scriptures fhallenge the j higheft place in this kindcy •mhich both fct forth the cri- ginall efman kwcie jfleiv vs Gods rv ill, and ajfoordvs ma- ny examples both of his mer- ' cj and wrath. Next to them me ought to know , what is deliuered to .memory concer- ning other Nations. For Jcarce can that accident happen, whereof there is not fome patter ne extant, and in formt-r times praclifed. In which be ha If e , thofe that ^ouerne a common-rvealthy haue m - exceeding, 'great hilpe and ftirtherance , i f they mglclf pot this kinde af learning, Nm'that ^^ay is mofl com^modiom ^ which duUdcs the whole conrfc of / The Epiflle this world into fokre XMo- mrchies. As cimceYningthe frfi ^fthemy ive'Wapt hookes c e ff remembrances of all an ti qui' ty hut heewasamofidtli' gent ohferuer of the courfe of timeSyfo as by hiWy onA tnay.. attaine to the orderly knova^ ledge both of perfins ages. . and the times of accidents - complai- ning that Hifiory Jleed in ntede off the L at ine tongue': and alledging , that hee was able to effeSF that , which, euen in this kind of writing alfo, would make Rome -not infgriour /^Greece. So hee writ a Commentary of his Confuljht^ in Grcekc , and hegunne another m Lattne^ as he fayth himfelfe. Tor hee was very deftrous to hdue that ye are , where in he was Cmfull^ celebrated by other mens fennes ; injomuchthat he profcffed, that if they for ^ hare him, .hee would notfor- beare himfelfe , but would write concerning himfelfe. Cms . 1 . TheEpittle i- ddmt . wee mufi feareh out : the beginning, together with ^ the j}rogre(]e and. increafe thereof ^thereby toinMe our films , to compare it mth ' :tho[e marks mdfignes which ' the Scripture hath chalkt out * But becaufe this large argument which wee haue propounded, is various ma- \ ' mfold.and comber fome^ and this field fi exceeding Jpaci. eus not to heegone otter in amy fl^ort time ; fome nearer ivdj mufi be taken , by a me- thfidicall cotirfejor the help ofynnger Students : as for thofe: of deeper experience^ they may well euough by themfelues^as they fay fivim ouer the. whole fireame of] Writers. And fir this end haue I 'vnder takm tJnst^^ k that TheEpiftlc that the Neoteric maj ham a tra[i and fath way leading to their further learning, by n>huhin the meane time, they may trace^as by a Ime till they hee growne rifer fchollers , and come to that prfffciency, as to be able to caft away and defpfe thof^ rudiments. Fcr I hatie net ^^ntthis, that they jhUdbe ! content mth, or conf^e^ themfelues to thefe bounds, mt to gme them a tafr of their future reading: whenl f^i^ngmuited by variety of ,^atter, they may bee more jpurredon, here after to per l^firate the. Authors- and Bookes themfelues, from ^^^'^ce thefe are culled, But thtskmdeoffludie properly appertaining to th.fe fthat iheEpirtlc Are appointed to thegeuern- ment cfa people , as I faid before y ifi^fpofe ( moft NobU Duke) I pall not mifapplie, to jour age and condition^ in Goring vp thofe my all watch workes to your, High- ne[j'e : fo that hy you , and through yoar hands as J may fo fay^ rthe refidue of yonger Students ^may receiue fome fruit thereof ^ if any may redound from thence* And albeit^ thofe mo^^ wor- thy men, your Tutors , lohn Sigifmund and Sebaflian Cox, vfe tljeir befi dili- gence about your inJlruCiion and irudiiten ; yet as m the culture of a little garden . plot^ which we dejtre to hane exquifite and arraiedwith all kind offlowers^m fcorne I not ihcEpiflle not any little plants ^btrbs hrou^it nj-s from another ground '^fo like wife I hope this fmall prefent of mtnc^ -'- fcnttothc manuring of the feed-plot of your learning^ wj II not he inacceptabkf be- ingbutonely cffred vpfor a time:^tiLjoU'j^ and- that rvhich all in ali , het made right njfe of this h ' ' faculty : to Wit ^ ihm rh: namt \ ThcEpiftle nxmcof Godjlwuld bee cele- brated^ ,Ch:t}'chcs Schools tvell ordered, godly teachers ^roiiided for , and a compe- tency allowed for mainte- nance of Schollers, For this duly God chiefly requires at the hands of you Princes ; andashe feuerely punnijheth the ncgdeci there y fo alfi hee remunerates thofe with rmft bountifdl rewards that Jhew themfekes faithfuU S t eward s herein. T hofe ex- amples of your tllufiriom Fathers -pety , confiancy , md firtitude f migbt bce mentioned by name but joH' will reade them in good time hereafter^ imbU:^oned at large^ fhallkmrv the- pro- per ornaments of Noh?l4ty, For hje that is hen.gyie .t9 ^god Xhc Epiitic j good wits^ how can it he hat I hee Jlmild not at one time or other ^ hec rtfajed bj them., with the deftrued fruits of gratitude^ and hee \ celebrated to pofie/itie \ T herefore vriderfiandrng j both the dignity of his I f laces 3 and the charge lay d vpn hrmhy God-^ hee made it his chiefi care to hatie your nnnde tr'ayned vpto ■ godlineffe andlearning^euen from your young and tender ye arcs. And that which is _ the feeling pulfe of (t Fathers IpuejUothtng euer iojd him more^thento fee his ex feci a- tion bettered by pur indu' ftrie.And I doubt not of your oxvne ojoluntar-y popenfion t hat way ( as much as pur Age cm beare ) and your Tu- tors • TheEpiftle 'fvrs their ditigent vigiUn.^ ciev -Wherefore Illufirious Prince , proceed aufpctoujly^ and as pu are borne t$ the gouermment of a Common, wealth, fo furmjhyour felfe with fUch ammunitton^as is both perpetually and will affoord infallible ayde : and not onely extenuate the la- bour 5 which you mufi fome- times vndergoe in gouer^ n:ng an ancient Vrouince, but dfo make it eajie md pkaftnt. From Strashurff^hmri<^ 7 ^^MlS' Stfiii lOJHN StMlDAH of ttie foure chicfei Monarchies. The Key of Hiftory, ThefirftBooke, and prihrn^iil MotiaficKies of Ufi^'perfk^'OWece and "K^me: I muft if)'^ke a iword or two of the great difference, about the compuratidn of yeares from C » the irhe Key Lib.i Moles. the beginning of the world 5 i for the Bebrewes ^ 'Enphms^\ So Anfiin^ Alponfus^ and Mt- rmduU doe exceedingly varx amongft tbemfclues. But bt caufe almoft all the Icarnct men of our times , 4ociia tbi point follow the account c the Hcbrewcs : I alfo (feeing the calclo ftands) will tread in their fteppes. And firft ©f all, that I may come to my pur- pofe^ I meaHethc firft Monar' €hie , ^pafllng by tbofe occur- rcnts which happened in the ■f firft age of all, as alfo the Ear- ration of the Flood^ fithcnce all thofe aic conraincd in ho!v Scnptui f s> an 1 ccanot bee btt-i ter expre i,) i'ie take ftart at that tisne, u hen jhe race o mankinde being reduced to a very fmaU number, bcgunnc ( atter that ihe * mailie mult nude of wafers was againe dif< pt fed, and the earth made di:e} tomcicifeaiicw. Thd timil Lib. I. of Hifiory» j time of the fUtA is referred to i theyeere of the world, i6j6.J and t> i^/^r^«/^/4^thcfeaaenth h Gcn.f. from -<4i/rfw, died at that very time, being yecres of age. ^ Noah {^athufalah his ♦Grandchild by his fonneL^- trGenj. »?^ fpcnc about building of, ihisTowcr.l The Key lib.i. tude qF nsenftill multiplying,) many Were neccflarily infor- Gcdto remoucand fccke out new fcates and Colonies. They before their departure, dcfi- rousj to leauc their pcrpetuall mcmoriall behinde them, did thereupon {^Nimrod being their Chieftaine) beginne to build a Citie, and within thar, a Tower of . cranfcendent height: Arid fbrsetting Gods .j^vratli, which Tiad fo lately .{"wallowed vp the whole feobeofthe carth,& where-" otNoa^ without all doubt, had very much, very often, and diligently preached to them ; intended to extend the fame of their owne names, by vaineglorious and ambitious workes. B ut God herewith offended, made fruftratethefe their enterprifes, fending a- msugft them a confufion of tongues : whereas before that time, there was but one and . the lib.x. cfHifiorj, the fame kindc oflanguagc all the world ouer. Thus being conftrained to furccafe the^r begunneworke, they depart ted into feuerall parts of the world. From this confafionoF tongues, thecitie called iS^^^^, took the name : & fro i time,! mean fro the 1 3 I>ye;er after t he Fiood,ortherabo[its,tlife king-, domeof the ChaUeet^Bahyh'. nians took the beginnings.Thc firft King thereof was Nimiiid^ before fpoken of, who it is written, ruled 55. yccres.The Scripture ftilcs hiin the«raigh tie Hunter, and attributes to him ftrength and puifcee. O- thcrs call him St^turue^ and rc- pcrt, that in the 45.yeerc of hisraign, hefent away ccrtainc Princes of Colonies,, hither and thither, ai yifur^MadAi, Magog, and Mofech, Thofc e- rcded kingdomes after rheir ownc names, as ^y^Jfyria, Me- di^i^M^^^gi ^nd Jkfo/co, the C 4 two e GCH. 10, I Chron i. Mich f. jThe laad of Babyle/s is cailea the land ©f \ Wiites/kac the perfians wercfo 'calledjbuc tbinksthcMi jto be the jnpwXuJks i The Key Lib. 1. Belfts* Ntnui ibe firfi: Mg- of the i Gcn.17. two firft whereof doe wholy belong to Af^ and the third and laft to Afk, and Europe, The Scripture makes mention of this g ^jf^^r,and that »

yldn^imA made it acitie offuf- ficient greatneffe , adorning it with diuers fairc buildings , and inuironing it with a wall Sheefabdued ty£thfopia, and madewarre z\£om India, Her fonne Zameis the fifth King, performed nothing worthy of memoricjbut ^rm^v^ho next Succeeded him, conioynedthe 'BaUrianjQXkd^ Cafpans to his EiRpire. It is writteH,i:hat A- r^iim his fuccdTor was renow- ned for his wit andprowefle, but what he atchieued, is not committed t® writing . The next to hiin Balem, fubdued many Nations^, extending his domi- Lib.l. ' cf 'BiJiory. dominions cuen vnto lud.^a^ and was therefore firtaamed Xerxes, that is, a conqucrour, and triumpher, or warriour. t^rmAtrkes the ninth , was altogether giuen oncrto^rca- fure and idlenefle. There is no- thing wittcn of Bdochfa the tenth, but that hee applied himfclfe to the ftudie ©f footh- {aying and c^iuining. Balens the elcucnthjparalleid5'^;«?/r*=2- mt4^ in renown for his prowess aad militarie induftrie,- and hath the fame, to haue beene highly extolled in Sundry lear- ned Hieiis' wotkes. tAltadei y thctweVfth50f him itis recor- ] dedj that he followed his eafe and tranquiiitie of life, ac- countingit a poynt of folly, to be wearied with multiplicity of labours, and fettered with varietie of eares about inlar- ging the bounds of his king- dome , becaufe it tended nor to the weaie and commoditie of Btloch AltcMs. so Mamtas, The Key Lib. of any men, bat rather to their endammageiiient & feruitude. His fuccclToLir Mamitm tie thirteenth, ftirred vphisfub- icds on fre/hagaine , todiii- genceand induflry in mi'itai y affaires, and his puifTance gaue caufeof lufpitiontothe Sjri. cdemxVt tourttcfith, his ani- ons affb©rd not, arguinti t worth thedifcourfe. Sfh^ms the fifteenth is commended for his great vertuc and wife- dome. There is no mention m writing of any memorable performcdby the fixtccnth. In Sparetus the fe- ucnte^tnh his raigne hifiories rcportjthatwodrous accidents hapnedeuery where. uSfcata. desihe eighteenth brought all vnder his fubiedion. And thus farre the fappofcd Berofus,o?vj\io£Q writings al- moftail men make a doubt & thinke them countejfeit: but of Hi for J. btcaufe wee haiie no other re- cords extant , they foUow this order. Others reckon 20 Kings more together, with SardAna- faiffs, makirg him the eight and rhirtceth King of the Af- fyrUns. This King as withoat all compare the moft cfFemi- nare of them, continual' ylit- tingamongil harlots, (piuning; a d carding wich them, and io totally plunged in voiuptu- oiilheHe , that he would fcarce cucr fhew himfeife in pub- likc. For this cai/fctwo of his \Arhacis of the Medes^2Xitvai' ring their affedlion from liitn, after they had emblazoned his filthinefife and lafciuioufnefle vp and downe amongft the vulgar, madewarre againft him. Hec with his womanifh trOGpeSs hauing fcarce ioyn'd baf^ell (fuehwas his bad ftic- ceffe ) fl«d^t#his palace , a'ld there caufirg a great fire to be made See rheir the end of the Booke> 11 noatchydi- After ic had ilood 1 3 00 years The Key Lib. I' made , threw himfelFc and all his goods into if. I n this deed only, as a ccrtainc writer faith, fbewing himfelfe a man. Af- terwards thefe two rulers di- uided the Monarchy betwixt them, 5?ig-J8- fome gather that hee rurd alfo oasnhs Cl£edfs* Hisfuccef- fbr, Senaehenh kept his Court semcherl^ in the City of ^miuie : Hee made Ez.ekiah Kingof Inda tri- butary to him, and foone after bcficged lerufalem with a mighty Array^and by his Am- , balTadors exhorting the peo- ( . pie to make a reuolt and fcof- fed at their King, who hoped forheipe from his God. But he efcaped not vnpuni/Lt, for God. by his Angeil in one nigjit The Key Lib. i night flew » B ^ooo.of bis men,. as a iict 'e befo, c be had confir- med It to E^schias b bis Pro- pbei: Ifaiah. After- bis returne home J bee was jlame by his owne fonsies.Tili this f imejthe Bahjionians after Sardma^alm his ouertbrow, were infubiec- t i on to t he AffjrUns^ Seiw.chc- , rih^ as we faid before , haumg receiu'd ilich a deftruclion at. lernfalem ^ ai;d nor long after flainc by his owne Tons : there ■ foUov/ed a great change in the ' State of the K ingdomc, w hicb was thendiuided.For the two brothers AiramaUch^ and 5^?- . r^^^y-jV/ho had comiaittcd i he i parricide jBedo Notwithftan- ding they kaied forces, and prepared Armcs againft their 01 other JjfaradoM^ who after ^df/tdon; jjis fathers death had feizcd Kin'J? vpon the Kingdonse ; hauing formerly gouern d the Com- !a.5t. mon-wealth in his fathers 'derodiich p abfence. tMerodach Qom^:- rour .37- fob I. Lib.i. , ofy^M^ »3r nor of Babylon taking hold on this faire occafion/or his own good fuccelfe, reuolted , pro- claiming wai?rc : and hauing by degrees, partly by fauottr,part- ly by force ^ drawne in the neighbouring countries round about him, to his party, and o- uercomc AffarAdon in the is. yeare of his raigtte:anncxed the whole Empire of the j^fyrims to the Bahjlonians,2iU^ raigned q forty yeares after. Many rec- kon, next after him, Ber^mero- dachyZnd Mai'uchad^fioz,^}- the firfi: of that name i but feeing the holy Scripture difeoucrs nothing hereabouts i nor can we ralhiygiue credit toothers, wee'ie ranke that N^tbttchado- nozor whom the. Scripture makes much mention of, next I in order after iJMcrodach. Hee ! therefbie \yiibin few yeeres 1 after his ent! a ice, made warre with 'the ' t^gypiiafis, : and tooke iiom tbtm the whole COUB- deach. Great. crcai. 46. h6 The Key lib. I. csli this the Key of S|7^?,Ic is now call« tutes w^ere fed and fttned : in whofe l^anchc s and boughes, I all manner of tbv/ies dwelt and ! made 20 The Key Lib.!. dach. ferem.ji. Labaffof" inadetlicirnefts.This therefore is the firft Monarchy t as it was exceedingly amplified in this Kings raigne.and hoyfted vp to the \^cry highcft fteppej So alfo it fell away and in his Nephewcs time was quite ex- tinguifced, tuen as Cod had denounced by and o- ther of his Prophets.This iV^ Buchadmb'z.or raigned three & forty year.cs* It would quite the cod if airraortallm^n, e- fpecially Kings and Princes, would readc and diligently con- fider, with how dreadful! a /pedlacle aud example, God (as DafiieiCctsit downe; reuenged his pride : that fo they might the more reuercnce Gods di- uine Maiefty , and perfbrme thatojJicetothe people, w'^^^ is committed to them. His fbn Euihtsrodach fucceedcd him, he raigned ;o. yeare, and his Hicceribr jifar t\mp ycares. LaBafardach , who raigned fcauen » Lib.I. cf mpry. 21 yfcuaen yearcs/uccccded him. After him Balthafar bore rule fiiueycares:Many reckon them after this manner, but the lear- ned of our ti;ne^ omitting two of them, put Balthafar ncxt.af- tcr his h.th^*«.f,C;^?'^earts : Go^ reuealed in more ample man- ner to Daniel , according to hispraycrs in that behaIfe,who made knowne the iameto the 'rophet leremj, forefliewer of the captiiHry : and did not onelyoonfirme the nearnefle of their frecdome, but alfo {hew- ed what time the Meffias ftiouldcome, wTio fliouldfa- tisfie for tlie (inms of men. After D^m/ his death, the Way ofgouernmcnt was com- mitted to his fonne in law Cy- rns, and this is the beginning of the fecond Monarchy ; for now Cjrus alone held in bis^ D ownc 19. Cyrus founchalfe> whcrerup- on they s c.- ceiued hiui,and[ by that po- liciv,iic'^ _ jorthcCi- tie for his fons effeminately, araongil women; who, when they grew into riper yeercs, being cor- rupted by flatteries , for the mbft part abufing their eares ; did , after their Fathers de- ceafc, iadanger one anothers life. Vartffs the ronBe of UyM- pa Cuccecded Camhfes, Cccond Kisg of the *P^x, ta- king his mother, wife, and daughters ; prifoners* Dariuj offered him very large condi- tions^andpart of his kingdome totheriuerof £«p^me>f : but hee refufed both , and ceafed not, till hee had ouerthrownc him Lib.i. of Hiflorj. 37 hiin;for when D arms Ssmxhit hee could liQt make his peace vpon thefe conditions, hee re- nevves the war the third time, and comraing againft him with a moft puiflant Army was the third time oaer- thrownc, aad as he fled , flainc by his owBc men : when, to- gether with him, the Monar- chy of Ptrfta^ which had flood 300. yearcs was cxtinguifhed AlexAn^er by thefe ^mous yi dories, brought vnder his fubiedion almoft all the coun- tries lying Eaflward,tranflated thelmperiallfeatout of AJis^ into Europe, aad founded the third M«narchie.After this, he made warrcs in /«>j;^his end, as I formerly recited V who 'as hec fled from Alexander ^^n^vc^g foalc water polluted with dead corpcs : deny cd that eacr in all his life he drunke a more ple- fantdraughf.forhcneuer drunk when he was atfiirft/ ^^^^^rc - that time. ' - ' After 4* the Key tih,h Ait^v Alexanders AtMhi^iis fpacious 'Empire was diuided amongft his Nobles,?r#/tf«^«;^, Laemed o, Antigonns^ Caffk^der, \ LeonatuSjEumenes^Tython^Ly- fmachuSyAnTifater^Meleagery Se/eaem:butthc cliicfe ©f thofe was Se/effcus^aftciw3irds made King of Syria^zs zMo Ptelsmeus ^^^iyPyAmiganuso? theleflcr -^/?*,aud Cafander of the Ma- c edons & greece , hauing quite cut off all -^/(fA-^^^^r/ alliance. This Lyfmachus is hee, wfeom Alexander hcmg one time an- gry withjcaufed to bee £hut vp w'^ a Lion: but when hehcard how bee had killed the bcaft, highly efteci^jed of himo Now moft grieueus warres , as it is common , arofe betwixt thofe forenamcd fucceflbfs and their fonnes and Nephcwes : for the mipdoricc corrupted w*^ am- bition can admit no ' reft , but plots how to augment its own power,, by committing iniury vpon Lib.l» of Hijfory, vpon other mca. Jkud jJl thefe Countries being moil mifera"* biy afflifted with thoft warrs, by reafon they were continu- al!, by lirtlc and little grew iato rubicd jon to the Romanes^whe cxten GeU'iui \io writes of his Counrrey. , i Th e Key 1 Lib. I. that is in the firftycareof the kmtnth Olympiad^ according toFlmarch^%ndi of Rome built 5 312. when 'as , almoft 400. yearns before, o£nsaf had be- gun bis raigne in " Lamm 'sH- fcrthe Iroim warres ^ which M&merlck to the memory of pofterity : of whofe ° time, as likewife of his p country ,there is no certainty extant ; onely Cicere writesthat many yearcs feefore the building of Eme^ and Romulus, there was fuch amattt Howfocuer,therc isno prophane writing of more an- tiquity then his poem : for as Hor ace hith I ' .■ 1'' t\ . '■. ij^my ^*difi WmUes floHrifhf-ere thofe dMyes, }fhfn Agstmemnon jhin'dy ivhofe bootele§e fr4ife JJfith n'tt ' the ferce "' ' attract one liquid eie : For lafiin^ moht. Ti'ith hUck^whfciirity, ■ In j lib,!. ^fWfi^ry. 45 I I' ll ..'JU .1 - ■ ■! I, I In ignsranee inuelop \ hath their names, |. W Anting an Herald to freclaime their fauses* Ci(^tro alfo fignifies as much, who writes that there was not the trad of an Orator to bee fecne before Homers time Asforthcoriginallofi2fifi#, it was but mcanc and in a ' ' manner coHfffinptible, but bc- I caufc God had fo oriaincd as afterwards it /hall be declared , it grew vp to the height of potency. In their firfi: begin- ning feaucn Kings raigned o- uer them, a44« yeares. And in SfrMtHf 'XmUhs the fixt Kings raignc, Solon and Ti/tftratus fiouriiht in Athens ^ and fytha- gorsd in Italf, is Cfcerfi-wtitcs, At what time tarquinins the ' proud was expcll'd. He writes alfo that in this S^ius Julius his raigne , A thens had then flood about 700 ycarcs. Ha- tting I iheKey Lib.x.t uing cxpeird their Kings, the ; gouernemcnt of their State wastranflated totwoConfols, whofcojiicewas annuall. The fir ft was Lucius Innms BrtitMS, one no leflfe vehement and di^ ligctu about expulfion ot the Ki'.gs,2-id letting vp the liber- ty of his Countrey , then, vi- gilant and valiant ia prtftrua- tion thereof, for when bis Gwne two fonn«e > ^"d Ti&eriusy amongft other No- blemensfonnesof Rome, had coramund together in priuate confultations, about calling in againe of the Tar^usmiikct: the matter was openly dilclo- fed, he put them to open death. Hee alfo abrogated his Col- le^cTar^uimus ^oUatinns his authority, who was his aflbci- atc in expelling o^ the Kings, as alfo coadiutorin his coun- fels. Cicero defends this fad asiuft,and fay th it was nolclfe profitable then honourable to - his lib.X. efWfiory. 47 J^is Country , that thereby both the name of the Tar- quins , and the remembrance of the Kingdome might bee €xtinguillied. But in this vari- able fortune of the Romans^ when all vHetmria had con- Ipiredagainft them, three hun- dred of the » Fabies marched out of the Citie againft the cncmie, and were all flaine, fauingachilde which was left at home,and fo left aliue : who afterwards raifcd the houfe againe : this happened in the thiity three yeere after the ex- pulfion of the Kings. By rea- fonof'the troublefome Ihreof the Comnion-wealth , Ambaf- fadours were Tent into Greece, in the three hundred, ycere after the building of the Citie , to fetch from thence, thehwes, which the Citie of A'>f»e ihould vfe. After their returnc the forme of goncrne- ment of che Conimon-w^ealth, E was qTufianie. 47 rTenne Noblemen Bppoinied togoutrre in U'iati of Coutulf. T/s^ Key Lib.i' our Knight Marftuls at this day was changed, aiid the ■virs were put in autlioritic wit|i the gouernement therof, but this order held not full three yecrest ^ppius CUu- ^////jOneof the Decemvir s^hy his lewdneflfe in violently car- tying away a Virgin, daughter to Lffcius V irginiw, a Citizen o^%ome^tok{uc his luft : gauc occafion to the people wholly to iubuert this order. So the gouernement returned to the Confuls , but thofe two : held it but a few yeeies .* and then twoi Tribunes of the Soldiers were conftitutcd with Confu- lar authoritie: but they before their yccre was out, left off their office, and made roome againeforthe Confuls : and at this time, which was in the three hundrcd& fifteenth yeare of^c^w^'bui't, Luciu: QuimHt Qincinn^tHs the Di;5lator,^cau- fed Qahs SermUmt Ha/a ,ma- ilcr of the Caua^Icry. to kill Lib. I. of Hiji&rj, 48 Spf*rfus (Jl^cliuf,8c alfo pluck c downchishoufe, becaule hcc indeauourcd by bis lauifh libe- laliticofcorncintfeeCitie, to procure the Kingdomc Two yeeres after this, the gouerne- raentwas reduced to the Tri- bunes of the Soldiers, who af- terwards were not bipartite, but more were created at one and the fame time, as the ^co- ble pleafed,and the ftate of the Common-wealth required* This kinde ofgouernment contiuned aimofl: yo.yeercs, and among the reft in thisof- ^'ce,fiourifht Funus Cif»il/u f/m^mom- to none for valom* : who, though hee had done worthy feruice, for the Common-w^cale , yet his in- graiefull country , thruft him oat into banijlimenr, after hce had beene Tribune of the Sol- diers the fourth timc:but after hee had recouered the Citie , out of the hand of the ' Gal/ia e^^w. t Inliabi- j E a Sencn'. A 5« "Xhe Key Lib.i. a He had power rcr- galj^and i was ncuer [ choIen^buF vvhen thc j Coiunjon-' wealth was in greac i danger, I and couM not hold his place abouc ha]f a yecre. 3neo£ fenons^ who had taken ir, and vanquillit the encmie, was re- ftorcdtohis former dignity, and within two yeeres after made^Didator. ' Afew yeeres after this, Marcus Manlins, he that defended the Capitoll againftthe GauUsjbemg fuf- ped:ed of afFeding foueraign- tiCjWas pitcht headlong from the top of the hill Tarfeium^ and a law made , that no man dfffcendingfrom the ftoekc of any Scnatour of the houfe of the Manliei^ fhould bee called CMnrcHs, After this, 0/»/7/«e himfelfe wit- ncffeth. At this time, Cainf Vabrkms Lnfcmus, performed a worthy piece of feruice for the Cdmmon-wealth, who feeing folicited by P^^T-W, to reuolr, contemned his moft ample gifces,and large proffbrs: norondyfo, bat alio fent him backe againe, a ccrtaine cap- tiued Lib.i. of Bifory. 57 ■ ■ — ■ x~ tiued runne-away , who had certified, that hee coiikl take away the Kings life by poifon. Qkero compares him with Aripdes the Athenian. Mt^nni' us Curius De>Jtat^s,gmc Fjr- rhffs an vtter ouerthrow, at his fecond inuafion Italy , and triumphed quer him. This Pyrrhas was the firft that euer j brought Elephants into L»ca- nU. And till this time, (being almoft fiue hundred y cares toutinuancc)che Komans were in warres with the iiihabitan-s o'lItAlj oncly, among^ whom the tatinss^Veiemes, iy£quieSy TalifcUm, Sammtes, Hetruti- •rf,v/,reriftedvery ftoutly,fome. times conquered , fometm^es -conquering t who being at length fubducd , and a peace •fetled ; that moft bloody warre agalnft the Carthaginims -fprung vp ; the oiig'nall of . vvhich City j is by euident tc- ' ftiir.ony, prooueitobce farre more j 58 The Key Uh.i, ■■{tofephus j writes thaci kv/asbuilti within 145 yecics af- ter Solo^ bJe. : Thefira j Tmiklie or Qarthagini' an warre beganne ' more ^ancient then BomcThis warre begunne in the foure hundred eighty fift yeare of Rome built: In whichjthat no- ble aifl, which hath report of performance by Marcm Atti' Urn RegHlHS:^Q£crut8 fingalar commemoration, who, being taken prifoner by theC^r?^^- ginians and fent by them to Kome^io treate of a peace and exchange of prffoners, with condition (except hee preuai- led)toreturne to hisbondage: Hee, when hee came thither' pcrfwadedthe Senate the quit contrary way,& fhewed that it was repugnant to the cuftoe of the Common-wealth ; but yet holdmg ita point of honour, tohouldpromifewithhisenc! my , . returned ro C^haae, whsrc bee Iwas put to death with the moft cruel! kind of punifiimcnt : his eye-fids be- ipg cut 9way, and fo bound t^^t HI .in engine, confamed to Lib.i. ofBipry. 59 to death by waking.. This warre proceeding, the Remans had their firft and fortunate fea- fight in Sicilie, againft Hannoj ^uhlim Dmlliuf Confull : C/- C(?r^> rankes this *DiutliHs,MaH- mm CurmsyaadlCatfis FaMti- usy as alfo AmliHs Calatinus^ Cnetm^QXid. P fib lius, both Sci- pfoeSy AphricanHS, Marcellus,. iind FaBhfs Maximusy within the lift <5f the moft renowned Confulsof ^<7Wf. The yeare fbllowing^ Litciits QorneliH4 5^;>if^ConluIItooke the Hands of Cor^r^and SarAi-^ nU, The [arthdgmatt ^NZxrCy after it had iafted three and. ^^dis twenty yeares,., wasatlaftap- ycares, ^^zitQyQftifttas LuUatiuSy Qa- mlus CercHSy2Lhd. AulHst^m-' /w/,€onfulls.Two yeares be- fore this,, was Emm home^ Hee was cider then Marcus ■ Fortius Cato J ( who cals him :his familiar confort ) by fiue ; yeares, Kwd Rome was now againe 6o The Key Lib J. agdne intrapt with ncwwarrs againft the ^ Faliftians ^ ^ Lj- gHrianSy ^Uljrians, ^ Guiles , ^ Soiesy ^ Infubr'tans, yNhohA" uingat lefiigth oucrcdme, the fccoud Pmicke or Qarthagini" An warre burft forth , in the twenty fourth yearc after the conclufion of peace. Tublius CdrtselifiSSeiphyZndTitus Sem- fronins Lengus, tbea Confiils. j^annihal was Captainc Gene- ral! in this warre , who fack'c the 'City of Sagmtum , and bending his courfe through Spaine towards GaUa^ and from thence to Italy , in three feuerall battels, TiibTicmnm, the Riuer Trebia, and the Lake ThraJimiKe, oner came the Ra- manes. But Offintus fahitts tJM.axlmus being crcated'Di- (flator . and marching forth a- gainft the tn^my^yfHhilla»d dilatory withdrawing fr^m hint J wesk'ned andtooke off the edge of his forct aud fury. | This Cams. bOi Tuf- ■ cpjnt vpon the Sea coaft. cSdauoni- am. now Irance, e B$hctnian^ f of now The fe- cond wai're- which the Carthagini- ans begun, At 3751. I Noyv fn- me. Lib.i. of Hiprj, 6i This was tllat very Fabius^ whofs fame Enttias celebra- tingjfaich thus of him. On^ nians delay, our fafctj hath regained. Cicero accounts him a great Politician, andfaics, thathec could coiiceale , keepe filcnce, diiTemble, inriiarc,and preueiit, his enemies in their confulta- tions. But after this , the Ro- minstzcQmcd a very great ouer* throw at ^G<»»4,whichftruck fuch an horrid feare in the Ci- ty, that many of the abler fort purpofed to flie and forlake the City,but were reanimated and withdrawne from their intents by ^nhlius Oornelms. \^apo' ^uhlitishis foiinc , a magnani- mous yong Gentleman, and then fcarce foure and twenty compleare. The fourth yeare following, CI audits Mar cell tts tooke Sy- racfifa af!er a long continuing (lege. In the facking of ^which / Gity b A townc |of ApuUd in Italy. \ 63. The Key Lib.i /Much Jikc GUE Lord cliiefe lu {lice at this day. our o&cc of Lovd Trcafurer. Citiejthe famous Mathcmati" tiaa Jirchimedes was flaine: wfeo was drawing certainc AftranoEnicall figures in duft, not dreaming of the conqiieft of his countrj'". M^rcellus ha-^ uing notice hereof,, tooke his death wonderfull heauily, and commanded his body to be buried:, not oncly fuffeiing- the Gonguered Gitie to re- maine in iafetie, as Cicero writesjbut alfo left it fo furni- flied, thatit fliould ftandfor a Monument of vid:cry , huma- nity^ and clemency. Moreo- uer, as he fpeakes vpon V erres the^ ?rrf?(3r/:arriuall there 5 in this Yiiftory of v?/(«rr^//«*,thef c Were fewer men , then gods flaine : but Liuie reports, that many abhominable examples of wrath , enuy , and auarice were then and there fjhewed. Cieero when he was ^ Quefior of Sicilia hauing by ifome de- fcription Jfbiind out the place of lib.i. ofmpry. of Archimedes buriall, fl-icwed his tomb to the Senate o^Syra^ cHfa,\ 57 y. aftervvards,though it was quite vvornc out of me- mory, growiKOUcr with briars; and brambles, and vnknowne to the 'very Citizens them- felues. He further repoits that this City of Sjracufa^ was the greateft & moft beautifoll city in Greece^ and that it was Com- paq of foure very great Cities.- the Iflandjwherc was the foun- taine of Arethuft^ hauing great flore of fifh t. AcrAdania where the market place * ^rade , and * Senatehoufe ftood : Ijche^ where the Temple of Fortune ftood xMe/tfolk built laft of all, where the moil fpacious Thea- ter was ere(5led« Moreouer this , of any forraigne Nation, was the lirft , that entred into amity and allegiance with the ie^»?^»j,and was their firfi: pro- uince, as the fame C*V^otefti- fies, H<«»»/^, who fbone after, by decree of the Senate, condu- - fed agamft the Romanes, vn- dertooke this w.a; re as ft were a I ib.i. of Uljlorj\ 1% i; 0- a part of bis inhentage. ; bur > cond time Conlull, at length li^^*^ oncrthrew him ' it battd', ^^^^ ;tooke him, together with his • H^'^Jif^'^^ wire, mother , - and Children, ■ 'xnothcr &- Undled themm triumph, fbr ;<^Widfcn ; 'thiscaufe farnamed cJ^^2i'andthis his opinion carried it , hcc himfeife depar- ting his iifein thctime of this deiberation, hauing attained to the eighty fift yeare of his age. Ctccro rankes him amongft- the ancient Oratori-, and places him next after Marcus C^r* ne/iffs Qethegusy whom Ennins (as Uh.i, of HWory^ (as hee rcpoits^ extolled. Hce I alfo further relates , that there I were a hundred and- fifty of C^z-c^-^ Orations extant, ituft with excellent words and mat- ter : and reprehends rhofe of his time for there too much nicenefle j in ndt diligently erufing them. He compares im with tyfias thie AthcnUti ' Writer. . In t kis third fmieke wafre, fubliHi Scifio t^milUnus , Publius MacedonicM hisfonnc and Puhiim Sajio Afhricmus his nephew by adoption : was at length made Captaine Ge- neral!. Hee, in the fourth ycare of hiswarre , ;beguiine by o- thcrs , after a fl-iarpe fiegc con- tinuing for certainc^ d^yes, tookc the City oi CAHhage, fack't it, burnt itiaad layd it ie- uell with' the groitnd thereup- on gaining his firnamej like-^ deftroj wiic &ikd u^phricaKus , as hee was,that ouerthrew Hannibal^ F 4 as The Key Iib.1 as aforefaid. And this was the ppriod of this moft puiflant .City, which by original! was more ancient then Rome, and for worihineife of Captaines, ; fcarce interiour to it, haumg borne rule farre and *wide .O- cero writes that PukUus Scipo a^terhee had taken Carthage^ reflortd o the Skili/iffSi thofe Enfignes & ornaments which the Qarthagtmans had taken from them fome yeares before: as alio to the v^^r/^wiwes/ hat famous brazen Bull, which is reported to bee PW^r^ the Tyrants whaein hee was wont, forpunifhment, toin- elofe men aliue , and then to fet it One fire. This ^halaru lofl: not his life by tre chery, as many other Tyrants did, but the whole multitude of the Agrigentines fell vpon him. Qicero calls u4fika the tower of all Prouinces. Much about this time, the Komafis made warrc Lib.i, of Hijiery, \19 with the uichaians a certaine ! people of Greece y for of}-iing miury to their Ambafladours. Lficms MtimmiHs ConfuIIj was Captainc'Generall m this i warre, who getting the vppa- 1 hand in battel],- forced all Ar\ chaia to'bee yelded vp to him, and by dercce of the Senate, ; fet fire one 'Ccfinth the <:hiefe City, and vtt eriy fubuerred it : left at any tinie hereafter, be- ing repairedjjt might arife and . liftvp ht^Azgnxit. Mummms hereupon was- fir named A- tbAicHS. Aboiit this time alfo one Viriathus , (who from a- Shepheard grew to bee a Hun- ter, from a Hunter, to a High- ; way-thiefc, and afterward, leader ofaftrong Army ) >kept" the Country of" Lufnania in 'j^Nowpi^i pcffcflion jwhofor foraecer- Jn taine ycares hoMing play with thcii?tfw/3//ej,^drery oft put- ting them to the foile,was at length trecheroufl^ flainc : and F 5 ? fobne- 8o ; '^t' ^'f lib, t foon€afcer32>^<:»»y lumns Bm^ fus fubdued all LufitaniM\ e- uen to the Ocean, in the mcane time the Romam receiued a- great ouerthrowfromtheT^- mmtines a people of Spawe'Sor^ refuliHg to accept of the peace made by Mummiusth^ Con- iulijin regard it was difhonou- rablcjof a new create fublius Scipio iy£milmms Aphricanns^ Confulljcontrafie to the ordi- naric courfe^ and to him com« mit the charge of the vvarre : who marching forrh with an armie, hailing recalled thefol- dicrs,gFO\vnemore effeminate and impatient of labour^ to ob- femanceofll:n.(^militarie dif- ciplinc,after hee had bcfieged tire citie of Nummtia fome certaine daies, tooke and fub- uerted it, in the; foarteeath yeere after, the fubuerfion of Carthage^ ^ndi of 2^(7«^ built, fixe hundred and twenty. O- ^^ertfcals Carthage andiN^w^- Lib. I. ofBiM' 8i tia, the twoterrours 'of the ii^e?w4» Empire. At this time their arofe ari vpi-oareof the bond-flauc^ in Skilte : who hauing gatheied together great forces, were at length with much adocre- prelled by Qc-im f alums the Confull. After this thei^i?- mmi had warre with Ar'^^omi" us in AfiA -.for AndusY^m^ o f PergAmos,' had by his tefta- mcnt made the^^w-w'his heiies, but Arijfomius being allied to hiiii, feized vpcn that part of t/^Jf^, and defrauded the Remans of the benefit of hisTeftament.Him, OHdrcu^s Vefcrna^ CorifuU, vanquifhcd and it length tcoke prifoner; Tlic ycere fellowingV which was the '6x5 .yefere of KSint ■ built; 5^»;*« ' A4^riUnM\i\Xii ''^ . , . , ar-his oWtte ^houft; ' w'as 111 tnc ^^.^^^^^^^ night tiitic'mijrthered by nis nuKibcrcd o-A^ne kin(rolk(rs,as it was fup- j 837 • pofcd.^ ^icremalses relation of'' 8 rh^ Key Lib.] of his moH: fluent eloquence* _ is fidslicy and miregr ity : and A^rices, th.u albeit the whole City vvii plunge d in deprh of forcovv ht- his death , yet no mill opened his mouth about the canfe cher eof.He reports al- ro,that in t his yeare, the funne was twice doiibled. Thus this mofl renowned commander ended his day es,aged 55 yearcs which , as Ocero in a-mofl fvveet fi^ftitious inuention faignes, -^/>^nV^«/ the elder had forewarned him oF. In this age lined Lucilius^TerenceVa- euuiusy AcciHS, Licinius^Cacili^ us*Aframus.Qaius Ldim^ one moft Intimate with Aphiica- nus , calls this Pacuuius his friendjbut Terence his familiar snOiSawf. conforto After this, Fabius d About the Maximus Conlull, inamayne battel!, ouerthfew the nAllo- brcges,*' Aruerni,and g Riitcni, people of Gallia... Atthcfame time, Caius Gracchus, Tri- bune Lib.x# of Hifiorj 85 bune of the fouldiers , an elo- quent man , and defender of the Agrarian law,was flainc at R»ms , his brother Tiberins Gracchus hauing tweliic yeares before loft his life for the like caufe.OV^r« giiies both of them commendations for their elo- quence : and writes, that libe- rws his Orations were not ve-^ ry beautiful! fet forth in words but were acute and full of wife- dome J and Qaius his brothers, were fitteft to bee perufed by thofe of the yonger fort , as feruing not onely to whet on, but alfo to nourifhthc wit, and hec ftiles him the moft witty and moft eloquent of all the Remans, Gracchft^ drcam't that hce heard his brother T«^m«i tel- ling him that hce fliould die of thefame.death \vhdreof he did undz^Cicero reports,he told it to many bcf&rc hce was crea- ted Tcioiinc of the commons. Their ^ he Key Lib.i The warr c wich lu- ■ garih Ring of Nnmidia begun, Amo 3857. Ended, 385?, Their lawes are extant, about prouifionof corne, replantati- on of Colonies , foldiers re- wards for their feruice, go^ iierncmeht of the Proumcc, the people fuftragss abdut ele- dion of K^agiftrates, and of letting to farme King Jftahs his lands, and the country of >^j^^.|After their Tribunician dillcntions followed that wary which the Romans had with lu^HfthaKing of Numidia, It was begunne by Lucins Ca/- fhurnms Bejlia^ CoiafuU; con- tinued by QuintHJ Qasilius MetllHs ,a!,id ended by Quius Marms the Confull, whofer- ucd in the warf es with Fubli ' Hs Seipi9 : For Bacchns Kiag of Manritani I figurtka's confe-^ derate, not willing any longer to viidergoe ' 'the liazard -of warre, ^eliuered vp lugHnha bound/ into SylU^s hands,who was '■ feht oaer to him for that purpole by MariHs, And ar Khis lib.i. ofjiijlory. this ucry time, which was in the fixe hundred forty fe- uenth ycereon-theniar- c hes of ' Infuhia^ , . ' To this fclicitie iucceeded anew tumult 5 -forx, certaine people ol hidie\^ as the Sam 8j Cicero borne 3 8; q Danes, |r Germ ones jVanqui lined by Cuius, M A" tLomha>'de ThcSeciall 8d ihe Key Lib. I Thc'warrc with Mi- picemftes, Lffe^tnims fVCuokc^ from the Romanes. At diuers battels, at length they were reduced to fubiedion. In the necke of this, foliowcs ano- ther mifchiefe , and a dange- rous one to the Common- wealth : for Mitf^ridateSfKin^ o^PontHS y expelled e^HeUed the city , makes relh head againe, and ioynes v/ich (^aius Martus, whovp- 011 that o^-caEon was returned fi om Jfiica, Thus " hauing contraded their forces , they ioyntly be- fiege the City of %ome^ on that fide where the village of Uniculum flood : when many of the City , fhewing them- felues not fo much cowands, as perfidious wretches (no meanes for rcfiftance being left) giuing them entrance, they cake Kom rhe Key Lib.i, they ma le all places flow with blood and deitrudion , and fbithwithreproclaimihg chcm- felues Cenfuls, in that their OhSce, exercife much cruelty : among- -the reft L»«»/ Cinna committed that famous orator lMhychs ^mottiui to the fword.and Cains iJHarius^ did the like for Qtdntns CatPtUa, Lucim SySa hearing of thofe hurly-burlies, hauing in a man- ner rcceuered all that hcc war- red for , concluding a peace with UHithridates returnes into Italy ^. but iMarifu, fcauenth time Confiiil^ dyed before his arriuall. Lucfus Cinna had for his Collegue Cneius^apriHs C^Bo dfi their party : who although they oppofcd 1^7//^ with might and maine, were, together with MArms his fon put to flight : zn6. SyLU being now fole Com- mander, purfued his aduerfa. ties very fliarpely, hung out a writ Lib.i. of Hijiery. writ oF profcriptioii, fels the profcripts goods, and difina- blcd their children of all pri- iiiledge and right of bearing honours in the Common- wealth-: and then making himlelfe Dictator , carried all matters according to his owne will, and cnfringed the Tri- bunes authority .• and when he fold the Citizens goods, de- clared in the publike aflcm- blies, that hee fould nothing | but his owne prey. Briefly*, it came to that paffc, that no man without his confent , could hold either goods , country or life rand with fuch bitter ha- tred was he incenft againfl: ^a- ius MdrtHS, that he caufed the reliqucs of his body to bee fcattcred and ftrewed vp afid downe the riuer " : and " hee himfelfe was the firft of 'any Nobleman of the houfc of the Cemelioes thilt defired to be burnt by fire: it may be fear- ing 1'he 'Key ^ Lib.i. ihg left the fame accidet (hould befall his owne dead body. Cicero relates that Marias was ftroBg and valiant , and con- ftant in his wrath" : but hee taxes of vchemency, and Lucius Cinnd of cruelty. Hie ilirther ftiles Murim the terror of his eHemies, and the hope and help of his Country. SyU'a made foiirc new iawes, againft forgery, parri- cide, murthcr and iniui ies. In the time of his Didlaforfhip, Marcus Ctcero aged 1(5 jcaies^ came iniothe Court, and plea- ded %extus Rofftut his caufe in publike. Before him, thcCe Orators were moft famous, QututHs Catuhs^QaiHs Inlim, f^larcHS Antonms , Lncins QrAffus, la which age, faith Qicert , the Latine tongue was growne to full perfetflion in a manner. This age indeede, wherein CjVtfroliued, did moft of all excdl in learning. For Lib.!. of Hilary ^ 6\ to let paflc fo many aad To \ worthy Orators, there were famous Lawiers, and amongft the reft C^ms ^qmlifis Gallut ^Lftcius LuciliHs Balhus^QMuSy Inventius Sextnsfnpr'ws who V^txtQuintus tJMutius Semo- Uxht* Tonuses Auditors, to whom Ctcero a;(b in his you^ was a retainer- ^uhlmt Serm- us Sulptins was well.neere C'- ceroes equall, bee was Auditor oftheaboue named men: and AhIus Oj[ilinSy ?HhUtts A Iphe- MusV^rut Caius "Xtttts DeQittSy the two Anfidioes^ C^tf^ At- teius FacHvtm , FUums PrtJ- were his fchoilers. At the fame time, with $H/pitWi Eourifht Caifts Trebatms whofe fcholki AmifieHS La- l^eo was. (icero cxtoliingthe dcceafed Sulptms in moft am- ple words , fay th , That if" all who cuer in any age proPcifed the.Iaw in this City, were ga- thered •* CWc'c I-rieft fa- bout the T/;;^ Key Lib,i thcrcd together into one place, they wert not to bee .com- {jared wrth Semius Sulpitius ; tor h€ was cxperiencMin point of equity, as wdl as in llria lavves. Amongft thofe who were profcribcd QumM Smorins wasone,aiiian renown d both f-^^his couragrous valour and experience in mih'tary affaires. Hee begun a moft fierce warre in the further parts of Sfaine, whei-e ouerthrowing certaine Generals, brought nia- ny Cities into fubieaion. ^ Hereupon the ^idzncQ of this warre, was at length com- mitted to Cueius Vsmpems i when after many battels, witli diuerfity of fortune on bofh fides, at length Sertorim Wis treacheroufly flaine and afrer- v^-^iAs Pom^ey , b.eing almoft the tenth yeare after the be- ginning of the warre, recoue- ' xt^ S^mnc. About this tjr>e m ■ ' iiwi »iiiwniiiiii mil iLiiijim_ii_mnLaim-j-j ii i"'" " ' 387©. L^fa,r# of Hiflory^ ^ Nichodemes King of BythinU^ departing this lite , made thc^ ' KofMnes his hcires : But C^/- fynddusKing^Pafftus , who formerly in tfjat faflion be- twixt Mariu/ and, Sj//s had >' ftmckc a league wit la Sen firms, feizing vpos 'Bphinia^ with maiae forces renfiwes the war Againli hitti Lucim Laculltis was lent with ao Army , who when hec wa« ConfuU, had goodfuccc/re in his battels of : norfemen ; and afterwards be- ing Proconful, defeating his forces, and rccoiicring i?y^y&i- nia^ caufed him to retire into ;and there to Mnhri- f d^tes receiuing an ouerthrow I in a maine battell , fled to T*- granes King of Armenia. : yet LucHltis ftill following and puifuing him, in fopie few bat- talies defeated both their for- ces: but the mutinous diflcn- tions among the ibuldiars, by fonje craftily rais!d, hindered him I the Key Lib.l. biHi from fuily finifhing the warrc,and bringing home the m(ht iuccefft and honour of his vK^lory. For within a while aftci LHsuUm being cal~ led home, Cffd-^w^ Pompej was made Capraiae. Generaii in - tfeat W51 re : to which feruicc Matcus OVf'''^ alfo was a mo- .ti6ner,hauiugmade.a very e- legant .Oration to the people in TPomfifes commendation. : Xwr^Z/Af/thusrecaileajheld his triumph neuertbekffe^and be- ftowed a very (umpt uoas ban- quet vpoii the Remans . foone after this , kauing his Oiil ces in the Common wealth , hee liued at hoiT t, privately ftudi- ing Philofopbie, and creded a moft copxOufiy furmll t Li- brary. In his ordinary tab!e, he wa' Cas a: all times eis)vcry fumptuous and magnificent. Cicero ma!>.cs mention of this Library, andfayestbathewas wont to come tfiicher to cull fouh Lib. I. ofHifiory, forth hodkcsxTompey put Mi- ; thridates to flight, and pui fu'd : him very farre.He caus'd King Hgiranes to yedd himfelFc euer into his hands, and Tee- ing him abafed and forlorne in his campe, aduanccd him, as Cicero:wmQs, and placing the *Diadem vpoa his head agdne ' which he had taken fi-om him, '^''^■^^''^ ; vndcr ccrtaine cautions com- manned him to raigne againe At length C^-Uthridatfs being, btfieged hyhis owne fonne Vharnaces flew himfelfe. That warrc which Vompey made a- " gainft the Pyrates ( w^iich was before hee went againft Mi- j th-ridates) wonne him much | ► authoritie. This warre this appcafed, 1. prefently an6ther ciuiil broile is broached : for Lucius Cati- lina with many more, conipi- red the mine of the Common wealth J but by Qteerocs fingu- I lar induflry, (who was then G Con- Ihe Key LibJ. I •Confull ) bis villany was dif- coLieredjhee expelled tlie City^ and hailing gatheped together ccrtaine bands and troopes of •abied fellowcs in Be-truria, was in battaile by Cams Anto- mm Confull OV^ro^j CoUegus oueithrowne and flaine. C^- cero euery wliere amongft his workesj fpeakes much of the feruice which hee then perfor- med for the common-wealth, and makes relation not onely of the firebrands then feene in the night time , the flaming <)f the elements, lightcnings and earthquakes i but aifo ap- plies thole wondrous prodi- gies, which hapned when Lu^ cins C'ottA and Torqmtus were -Cqnfulls , ( being two yeares before his ConfulThip ) to this time : when many Turrets in the Capitol! were ftrucke dovvne,the Images of the gods ouerthrownej the ftatues of the ancient Heroes beat downe the Lib.i. ' cf Hifiory^ 97 the brazen tables of the law melted , as alfo the ftatuc of Romes builder , Romulus in foriBeofan Infant, gaping and fucking at the teats of a woIfc, was finitten. Cicero defcribes CatUines nature and qualities, laics, that there neuer was fuch another Monfteras he v,p- on the face of the Earth, com- pofcdof f«ch contrary different and mutually antipathizing ap- petites and difpofitions of na- ture. In the time o^Ciceroes Gon- flilfliip was Cains O^iauius borne, and !udea made Tribu- tary to the Romanes ^\2ih&i' Cne- Urn Vompey had furprizcd the City of lerufklem. Ihe iifr yeare following : Lucins Vifo and Aulus Gyibinius Confulls, the ^ Heluctians chang id their habitation, and leuying mayne forces intended to palle t,ho- row the Prouincc of Ga/Iia in- to the further parts thereof- G 2 and CaiusOcia- ■s" Now ca] 'ed Svsfit- 98 The Key Lib.i iof Frame betwixt chcR-luer loons': dims inha- biting bout'cKe xiixct Seine and there to feat themfelues in regard oft he fertility of the foile. But Caifis luiius Cafar who \yas fixe yeeres younger then Cicero hauing notice hereof preparing an Armie (the Senate hauing anthoriz'd him ouer that Prouince) marcht thither and in pitcht battell vanquifhed the Enemy and afterwards going out a- gainft Arimifius King of the GermAues , who had annoyed the Country of GallUf Celti- cs, but more e^ecially the ^ Hedmes confederates with the Romanes y ouerthrew him RtBefanfoft, a Towrie vof the 'Sequans , not farre from the Mhyrie.SoQne after he brought the whole Country g{ GnSta in fobieflion to the Romanes and forthwith llriking ouer the fea into Britta'me ^ conque- red it. Cicero reports that C^f^ir writ to him out of Mrittain on the Hh.U of Bijforj, — — — " the firft day of September, and the Letters came to his hands the eight and twentieth day of the fame moneth. When C^e. fkr went into Gallia, Cicero beisg mokfled by Vuhlius QlodiHs Tribune of the Com- mons departed into exile , firft making an Oratioft to the Gentry and commons,where- in he commended his children and family to their care : and within a few moneths after being called backe by the Se- nate , ( with exceeding great made another Oration to the 7^o»s»^;?i?/, wherein he rendred thankcs to his friends. After wards , hce layd the blame on Lucius Fifoy^na Aulus Gabim» Hs Confuls,for his banifliment, and fliewed that by them hcc was betrayed, d&clairaing cer- tainc Orations againft each of rhcm , in one whereof, hee counftird the Senate to take Tatulatien of the people ) from rh Key liib.i from'tBem ttie Proumces of Syria and Macedonia , and not to call backe Caiut € afar , ha- uiiig moft happy fucccflfe in his wanes in Gallia, but to con- tinue his authority : whereby he might fully fiiiiih the warre. Meane while Vtolemy Auletes King of t^gyp (for his floth- fulnsffe and cruelty thruft out of his kingdame) came to Rome^m^ the Senate, at Cneius pompeyes entreatyjteftoiM him hy J^tdasGabimus , expelling Archelaus whom the people had ordained to be their King. At length G^^wW was acT- iudged to pay into the cpm-r mon treafury loooo -Talents, or as fome of our times feppofe, 6oooooo« bccaufe hee bad re- ceiued- fo much from TtolomyT Afid Marcus Cyajfns . ( who had in charge the m^vs:^^\v,^ of the Parthian warre) hauing paft oacrtheKiucrof Eufkra- tes 5 was Gueithrowne , and foone jEiicry Ta- lent a- mounteib to I7f pound ficr- iifig. Lib, i« of Hifterj» foone after flaine at an enter- view, vpon Tmcc This was hCj who was wont to iiy , that no man was rich , except hc« could maiiitaine an * Army at his owne charge- About this time wasP/^^/?»s CUdws flaine by T*V^S Anmo Mih i Qicera defended Miloi^Qn^ms Fompey being then tlie third time and alone Confull) yet at length he was commanded to go into. exile» The warreswith tbeG*2//^j being ended, which was about the eight yeare thereof, that ciuill warre of Caius dtfars, with hisfonne in law Pom^ej/y burll forth. The cecafion whereof was , becaufe Cafar was to be depriu'd of his Con- fuHiiip, except hee would firil diliniffe his forces, and furrcn- der his prouince , but bee vvas aduifedthatit could no wayes ftand with his fafety , to part from his Army.* yet hec con- G 4 defcen- a An Amay confiftcdof £400 f OOtj and 20COO horre. rbeciulll vyarre bc- cwixt c^fir and l>omp begunm 102 The Key Lib. I ^DuYaCC in defccnded vpon condition, that Vowfcjf as well as hee, ih'ould yeeld vp his foreess but when that was rcfufed, march- ing out with his forces with incredible ccleritie, hee left GalliM and came into haly^ where entering into the Coun- try of F/«;»*»m, hctookc ma- ny townes fomc by force, othcrfome bydedition, Vpon notice hereof, Vomfey and the two ConfuIIs Cams Marsellus^ and Lucins Lentnlm fiye from Rome toBrunduJium^z Sea coaft Towne in ^ApuUa: thither marcht Cafir , but before his arriuall,the Confuls had ftruck Ouer the Seas to Duraehwm : artd not long after Ptfzw/jfj fol- lowcs them. Now C Po'4tus, and Jfiica, fet for- ward to5p^»»^,wherehewar- redagamft, andfubdued^fx- tns Vomfeiusi Thus haumg vanquifhedall his aduerfaries, iand fctled a peace' in many Nations farre and wide ; in the fift veare afcer the beginning \ io8 Moaarchie begun by CahiS Caesar An 39i* . being 300. yeeres and odd c after Alexander the Great. lihe Key Liba * Curia'. of his ciuiil warrcs, he returns to ^^fWf-jW here after hec had triumphed ouer Btf^Mne 5 ,hee afluracdthe offred title and authoritiefifperpetuall Bi^a- tor, and fwaied the Senate ae- cordiiig .to his owne wilhhee, in -a manner hauing the fole beftowing ofali honours , and publike offices , conferring them vpon whom he plcalcd, thereby incurring .many mens in will. And naw the ftate of the Common-wealth being alte- red, and the fupreame gouerii- ment thereof reduced to one manS' principalitie, thofe con- fpiracies then in brewing a>. gainft him, , were at Icrgcii, broached-: For, in the fift mo- ueth after his returneto^o^z^', hee was flaine in Tomfej^ *eourt-houfe, on the Ides of March, and by. thofe very men, whom by his late fhewcd kindnefTe, hce had obliged to him j'S'"' I II - ■ - ' - 1 - — Iib.i. ofmpry, 109 him , as alio pardoned them for fcruing againft him in thb . Vmpeiart warre. Tfaofe were UHarc0f, and Becim Brutus , CmmCafiHs, Cnems, lyomtti* Hs COfHS trehn'ms , ^intus InUius Ci7nber,r\VQ oftbe^^r^ uiloes , Cafca, H^/^,and many more- Marcns Antonius tht eofifull, C*/4rjColIegue, in- 6^td,Ocero alfo before the Senate* as guilty of the mur- tber : for that Marcus Brutus prefentiv after C^/^y was flamej (holding vp his dagger on high) ifouted aloud^ and no- miaated him, congratulatmg him for recouerie of their h- bertie. Many report that Cairn Cd- far {"^^'jkc to Marcm Brums in ' The Kej Lib. I, , Cam Cafo): mzde diuers lawes/omewjiereofwhen hee was ConfuU , and other fome wben hec was0idator, which after his name were called the lu/ian lawes .* as , about diftri'- butioii of lands , concerning violence, Maiefty 3 extortion, Prieft-fhips J vfury. Other lawes there were, which goe vnder liis name , but were made by 0£i/ifiius* All com- mend him for bis clemency, anfl Cw?'^' giueshimpraifefor his wit, quickneffe J rcafon, memory, learning proui- : dcnce, diligence .* but hee ftor- medgrieuoufly at his authori- ty, yet fecretly andirt'anEpx- ftle to Atticus^ Thou fhalt per- ceiue, (aith hee, that this king- dome can fcarce hold halfe a yeare together. But in all thole proceedings , Cicero carried himfeife very wauering and inconftantly : for daring the. warrc, hee foHowed Vompcyes.. Lib.i. ofBifiory, in partie, and his campe,although he reprehended his difcouragc ment of minde a»d cowardifc, and in his Epiftles t© bis friends, hcecals Crf/ many yeares elder then hee, as aboucfayd. Cicero dircdlly ducrftiot him- felfe in his owne policies: for when Marcus A ntonius mole- ftcd the Common-wealth, af- ter Cains Qafars death,he with exceeding great prayfes com- mended to the Senate , Cains O^amus , Cafars kinfiaau, a- yong Gentleman of twenty yeares of age, and b^unne t© vrge to haue him created Confull, without any regard had to his age, producing ex- amples of a(acient times, how It Lib. 3. fff Hifiorj, it might be done, and refuting inch obie/,and rLupia. Horace in a moft degant Ode, com- ; forts Vtrgil , lamenting his death. 12)r/^/«/ died in Germit' leaning behinde him tw<5 ^!om^sJjermamcHs zmo9t wor- thy foldier , and^/««W*^tattir flew Afdrnbal, Annibals bro- \ ther, atthc KiuerofZ/f'/rf*- lip on the Alpcs, n f^oitdali- flPeopje - about CO- necre the ■- r Neccbar. Ode 9, H rtm. A 10 I'ofHled, i» honour, as aiuch as Soucraign It this day, t Ot Bifcoy in Spaine. .'f Of 4(^111- Um'iaGal- "Hungers. X InViabi- cing Wen- denfand In fonic parts ^OlSck- ^^Inhabi- , ling neere Lib.s rumy as he was bringing oucr a fiipply of fyrccs^'^^HgHflfis alfo fubdued the c CantabriaJts^ ^ Jlquitanians\ ^V^nfiomansy ^ans^ and inhabitants of the A\pes* It is reported, that he oftci} intended.^ to lay off the J weighty charge of the Em- " pire : but aoainc cenfidering with himfeife that it woald be rallily ^committed to many piens authority , ' ehange^ his mifide. In the thirty third yeareof his. raigBe, deceafed Herod the Great : whom hee, and Marcus Anxonim in the third year^ of their Triumui- ratethad made King of /udtea; and in the eight yeare after his death^5 his fonne and fucccfTor AreheUus was banifbc4 to yienna2i Townein Gal/ik, Itis written, thsxPUauiuf maintained forty foare legions of foldiers in protei^ion of the Prouinces of the Esipire. la ' Iib.». of Hi^oty . 1 2 i- Egypt there were three,as ma- ny in Ht^fame^ and eight 'ui Germany, The yearely expeace ( as many in their computation reckon) amounts to 2100000. Crownes, fo as they may dif- tribute araongft euery legion, 272000. crowncs'yearclyo A legion as they hold confi-fts of <5ooo.foot-men,and 500 horfe- men. OSlauius is very much com- mended for his loue and libe- rality towards men renow- ned for their learning. The raoft famous Poets which then flouriihed, w^v^Yarmsyir- gi[\ Vlot'mt^\dgius , Vufcus^ the two Vifcoes, ^4io^ M^Jfa - Vajthc B.Mies^ Serkius, Fur- nms and Borate , who defired that his workes might haue ap- probation from them^notregar ding other mens cenfures O: the. But the moft fame J s wits o£Rmey flouriflit in a cettanie continuall order from M^^cm \ H a [ 2% 7hesKty Lib. 2* A City of Beticain Tibefhs dx.6. P or tiffs Otto ,.and jiphricanus jthe elder, vntili this time. For this «ge wherein jiuguflns li- ued , was in a manner thelaft that retained that genuine fenf^j and- pure vigom of the Latine tongue; for af-terwards by lit-- •tie and little, it grew more and more corrupt, till k degenera- ted into meere barbariline , which continued cuentill with in our memory. The Poets borne at *Ci'>'i5^«^rf.5 vfedasT^Z/xfayth^a kinde oF grofleand vncouth garbe:but what thinke wee., would hee haueiudgedof them, wholi- ued after him ahoue a hundred y cares, not.onely thole who were bomc and brought vp at Q&rduba^ but thofe of Rome alfo. Now riherius u^u^H^us hh wiuesfonnc, as alfo his Tonne in law , and by adoption, did ( but vtterly againft his will, at leaft wile hee pretended Co being , being with much adoc at lall per i waded to it by the Sena ses I entreaty) take vpon him the i,Empirc,and at his firft entrance vndertooke nothing oF him- fcife alone, but comojunicatcd with the Senate in all matters of importance : notwith/lan- ding within a little while af- : tcr qaitc neglecting the afFair^s oF the comrnon- wealth whol- ly gaue oner himfelFe to his pleafures. In his laigne the P^rf^iW/ bereft him oF - and thd I>acians and' S/irmatUns of j74,the Cer- manes Foraged Gallta : but all thofelofe nothing at all moo- uedhim. Many writers, (and thofe, nuen oFgreatefteeme in poynt oF Diui^ity ) record that in the fifteenth yearc of his raigne our Sauiour lESVS CHRIST was crucified , but Saint Lf*ks writes, that in the lame ycare hcwasbaptiz*d hyhhnB/iftft, H 3 At Chriftcm LukjCap, 1^4 CaJus Call- b tyms in trance: Thff Key Lib. 2 At that time fl©uri£ht thofe Ij&wkT SyMarcffs Coeeius jN^^t- ttay the father and fonnc and CafftHS Longinm^Tiyerins Nero who fb ucd in the warre at A" lexandria yfjith Caius C*P*^i \yasthis 7ibsrius his Father. To him Cdiut Cafar CaliguU- fiiccecdedj the moft wicked fonne and dired monftcr of Germanicus his moll worthy father. Its recorded that 7/- berlus in thofe twenty three yeares which he raigncd , had gathered together an infinite Maffe of gold : which Ca/tg^i- U Out of hand in the very firft ye^ie confumedl. About the fcc6iid yeare of his raigne He- r^d jiffftpa , Herod the Gitit his fonne , heewho beheaded l0h» the Baptift, was fcnt in baniflimcnt tq^Lugdumm : to whorn Herod Agrippa fuccee' ded, who beheaded die ApolVle. After wasflainr, CUudius ory. 1S5 an i^^m'i> lAaSjil. Clandtm his vncle was brought *in. Hee hearing that Br it mine ,M reuqlted-, went thither,, land after 'hee had'fubdned part 'qF the Hand , returned home, ' In his' raigne hapned that Hgr eat' general I deai'tb, which \AgAbMs foretold , as the lEuangelift Saint Ltt](e men- ;tions» f Claudius Nero,t\\is (IduitHs ]}}eye his fucceflbr, openly fignified, A»,i| that at fomecime or other, hte would quite abrogate the or- der of the Senatours. In his raigne Britanie g^ue him a great ouerthrow , marffacring the ^ow/w< Citizens and confe- derates there : the Legions alfo in Armema were compelled to goe reprochfully vndef the yoke : with ittucn dijliculty Syria was held in Gklim re- uolted bythemeanesof liiHus ri»dex Gouernour bf that pro- uincc : as zherm^'ds Sfaifn, Galb^ 6%. Sergins GaWa being theitLfea- m^-j^d^Ty H 4 der Lib* 2. If i 69. der. Andwbiift !ie, was cafting ^0Si||ow ta. rccouci' thole lialfes-.^r^d^sjalting ready his loariacy iDt© ^4//j4, the reft of M% &rcss wbich 1^ dijlpcrfcd In ®tfe prQuiuc«s 3, reljcllcd. Miftf^ies rdatc what a loath* lom^ aad ©utragious Monftcr lies was t and thereupon being condemned by tlie Senatc,as an enemy to the common-wealth, fey -thehelpc of one of hisfcr- uaBts,lice killed himfelfc. Be- fide^ StnecA thcfc Poet* then fioriflied, Vtrpm^ mi Silim It Aliens : thelaft where- of was Confull in the laft yeare QtN^oes rai gne. From that; time the Sutc of the Common wealth was brought to that paffc, that the Creation ofthe Emperours lay within the po- wer of the Armies and I^ions of the Romanes. After tliis manner v/&s.VefpatiaH made Emperour. Bor thofc bands which lay in il///^, VamomaA Lib.a. ff Hijf^rj, Aflcmbling the Senate, hce commended to them Amo^ ninm Vins , who being made Emperor after him,maintain*d peace, ciidcauof ing to obtainc all'mens good will, and by his letters and courteous demca- nyre, kept forrci tie Kings and people within their obedi- ence. In bis time fiouriflht thofe l4wiers,-r^/^/ifr»#«j- Va- lins liuffUnus, "Sfif^dius ferns ^ LuciHiVolHfiits Metimnus, To Antonins ftus his fonne MArcfts AntonmHt furnamed the Pfeilofopher, fucceedcd: Hetooke his*^kinfman LhHhs AaretiHs V cms to be his Aflb-^ ciatc m tht Empire. By. him iiec had happy fucccffc in his wanes inP4r/^M,hce himfelfc looking to the afeires of the Common-wealth at iiojne,and in tjie City : biit foone after "^etus dying he raigned alone 1 " and Afiten'mtts piui, I5ii hntmms ihc Pkilo- fopher Corien calls bim auians I nhabi- a b our Si/if. h VpJJCf 8c iarie Gemmdnt Ht ' Msrjxto in m tumsm.*f. Seftimius i6i Kty Iib.2 and ouercame in his warrea- gainft the ^^rmams , cmer- chrowing alio the f LMArco" -manneSt SitrmAtiaHf, V^ndAlls* mdiQM^dicf, who had iuua- dcd the Pamonia's Fo?, at this time almoft ail the nstions from //Ijricum xo Gai'/sa^ had conlpired againft the name of the M.«mjtKef9 : Qomm^dus tAnnnlnm the mofl: icwd fonne of this moft ■ laudable Prince^ by his. i^jste- nants oucrthfew the* Mecrei. and D/wi/jir/, quieted the "^on. n^Uns,, Ctrm^nle VBritAnit which Countries ca^ off their fubicw*iion i He himfclfe in the sieane while wallowing in all miXiViSJ, of filthineC? cru- eltie. $ip\mmt StuctHS hcd ciuill warrcswith Niger tiA Alhinui who procured and GaIIm tonaiceirctiolt :Qe had g«pd fucceflV in Ihis warres agaxtift the f ^Ai^g/^yanquifhcd the icve ir-'iin jay 7«rdia»tis their Captaine Gc- neralljwhich the Senate (dcar^ inguo good wiil». neither to^ wards iGofdUnus 34 The Ktj lib /ACltie iGardtaHiu. wards CJIfirfJv/aw/a^/ gratified and piWaisned the other enc- mie to ths Gommou-vvealth- He, going about to reiienge this Ua, fir ft made an Oraiion tothc Armie, audthcnfct for- wards towards Rvmf :the Se- »ate vpon notice liej cof pro- daime P*(pie»ns Balhnus tharEtHpcrom'srand to/^s/. was committed the charge of the M'arre againft ' ^^^^f f ^^^-f, who , together With his fonne, wast at the fiegc yA^uilcm, ^aine by , his owJie foldiersas hec fey aflccpe in his Tcnr, After thii, VHpenm and J being both flame In a matinic amongfi thc foldicrs m thc fccond yccre of their ^ raigne, the goperncirscnt of the Empire was committed togordtuHus ayong Gcntlc- man.He in thefourth ycere of his /alg^e, marched throuph M(gfiA and ^hracia again/! the ; Lib.2. ef HiJIorj, AhAgAtn$ King ofth«; jP#r- /4»/, 9nd CQiMp«ll.c4 thc >4fr4- hUm^x.oc^mtxo coiDpofition. He fortified Bmta»h ^ with a wail crofle oucrtwart thcl- land , reaching to the Oe^n on both fides:and bauiRgfiib- duedthofe people that annoy- ed the Country dyed at Torkfi Hisfon At)tom»Hs Majjlanrts QsrdCdlU^ made warre againft the FATthiani and ArtmniMs, trhis wts hec that comman- ded fufinfrntus^ *Gaptainc of theCuardjtobccput todeath, Ftjr refufingto dereiid ht« *fra- tricide. In his time fiouriflit many Lawyers , and rooft of them TttfrnUwut his Auditors fsfkifts fr9Mt« Anth$MSj&4ax'' Mmt lifrmBgfntanHs t,.Africa- Caraea!k^ IGoucrnor Wtbcprc- todan Co- horc. hi$hr*thc^ Gttetius fuccceded him,, who being Cfeated Emperourby the LcgU g\Qn$ o£Mljrmmf and after * ■ — ^ — The Key Lib.2 . wards by c©nfent of the Senatej ? firft of all appcafed the trou- bles in <74///4.Afterwards com- mending the care of the Gom- mon-wealth to the Senate, Hee , together with his fonne , whom hee had made I his Collegae in the Empire, ■ fets forwards (haning 'the Se- t nates confent thereunto ) on , his expedition againft thfe* : ScythidHty who both by fca and land foiTagcd the country ) of 'Thracia and other donaini-' ^ ons of the Empire : from whence f after fome "battels, hauing . got the vpper-hand, and dfawne the enemy into a narrow ftraight place) hcc had returned with complete m^ko- ry, had not GaUus Hoftilianus Gouerriour of the furtheft parts of Myfut, reuealed his> eounfell to the-enemy ; where- vpon it came to pafle , vpon ioyning battcll, tfiat both hee and his iomc (bjr trcchery circum« Lib.2. tfHiJIorj. i$y circtjmuentcd)wcrc (laine. | After this, GaB»s m^^e C^Uuns^ Empcrour by one of the Legir. ^n^^-ti ens, and the remainder of the furuiuingfouldiers, concluded a peace with the Scjthi4f/Sy tQ , the diftionour aid ignominy of the RemMttes^mthat he pro* mifed to pay them tribute, ne- uer heard of before, and alto- gether vnworthy the Maiefty of fo renowned a State. Ihe SeythiMs hereupon grownc ; more fierce, broke the league, ouer-runnc Pard^nia , 1 brace, -Xhejfaljy {Jidacedoma, not re- fting there, but t/^jZaalfoio- uerthrowing and iubucrting very many Cities. At length, many other Countries, after the example of the %cythiAnSy turned enemies to the RomnMSy at?d many rebelled. The thUm broke into Sj/rUy and feizedvpon>^rwf»/><, putting their King ^yrtdates tafiight. And fuch was the infolende The Key lib. j ' " ' " ' j„ . ©f thtScjthi4fis ^ that they threatncil alfo, and were hkdy to hauedonc much mif- chiefe » had not fj£milUnHs^ Goucrnourof Mj$a, vpon the coaft ot encouraging las foiildicrs with faire promi- ft$,atid hope of rewards, giucii them anoacrthrowvandpur- fuing them very fairc , tooke from them their owne Terri- tories : for this caufe the foldi- I crs proclaime him Empcrour : ' and G/Ulm vpor^ notice hereof 'marching ferthtarcfia them, wasflaitsc, together with his ronaeV*dr/^fi/^;yhauitigretled tfi& ' ■•affaires of y^/f^ tefiifned into nmsj Corfu J. Ch^f^^^^y^^}^'*^imams Qmiiiies y we're then all in lying be- ' peace. Afterwards both hce, twixtthc as alfb M-tximmus refighing; ^their Sbueraigiitie,iniieft their Collegues before mentioned, p^-fes v/ith the title of Empcrours : xPeopIeof Conjiamms oh\iZ Gama's^Bn- Sarmatk. 'tmne,t\\tHiffaines ItAlie.znA Lhrntlht" Affrfca, and Galerim^o^Mlyri' L jy^^ ^^y. ■cnm Greece^^XidLAfiiH: Marcel- \pi in Scy Ids wasjthen Bifhop of Rome., - thia. ^ Hvhofe decree;isL extantjprohi. ^^f^^^f^^^ -biting. Biffiops. from calling a j ]^^^^^^ ' ■^y node, without theauthori- I xy of the Sea of Remeyis alfo itf^.yw.f, ■• I 4 to! to;condcnine any BiiLop who fhoiild appe3leto5^ff;» for his fucceflfors, authorized with coequal power, and Protecf^ors of the Common-welth. For hee who damnifies the free- dome and liberties of his Em- pire, ought not to hane the ti- tle of Father of his Gountrey, nor can he ordaine another to fharewith him in equality of authority or preiudicc the fame. Con^tAntine thelmpcrours appoyntment,a moft Populous GounlcU was called and af- fembled at QS^f^^^a City in By^ ■thinU y^-^htv€m theherefic of ^^Arrim^ denying Chrift to be coequal! in fiibftance with- his .father , . was condemrafd. Is recorded that many BiHiOps, not The firft CoUHCClJ of Nice held in A 315. con tinued 3- yeares. 5^ 1 he Key Lib.2 fe Tn mona- ftical man- fcilT'. WO- rricn atti- red in i-acnj X-: not onely out of Eurofe and ^Afia , but alfo out ©F ^gyft ' and LjBU, met together there. Amongft other , one deereej waSjthat through Egjft^Lyhia \ and jthe auncknt cii- ; ft(3mc- £bould bee maintained, that is , all the- Biflicjp-s- there fhould remaine vnder fuperio- rity of the Bifhop of Alexan- . ir'rn^ notwithftanding the v-' furpation and • witmiolding thereof by the Bifhop of i?i9>2^: ; as alfo that the Ghurch of ■ tioch and other Prouinces and Churches fhould each one en- tirely retaiii€ theij" peculiar priuileges. .After this Goun- ceir^ ccrtairie 'lewd opinions ' were vented , ( one Eti^athm^ , being Author) about fliu-nning ; of marriage , about a new and? vmifiiallkii^deofh^bit , abouti forbearance to cate fiefii , and' forfaking propriety of pCffftf-' fions. And h6i-evpan (many husbands procuring a diuotce, and •Iib.2» of TJiJiory. 57 and femaiits leaaing their ma-? iUrs , betaking'-themrelues to this new aiid religious habite, •as they eali it'women likewife taking th-e fame courfe , forft- kiug their husbands : and thofe who fed vpon fleOi,as aifo the Minifters of the Chijrch that were married being publikely contemned, as perfons impure and vnacceptable to God;) a Councell was afTembled at Gangra a towne in Paphlagonia, wherein thofe were condem- ned, who either taught or held that opinion. Conftantine (for rc-eftablifh- ing a peace in the^ Common- wealth j being 'with- moil ge- neral! acclamation;,- confirmed bor h by the Senate and people o^Rm^j turned himfeife who- ly toforraine warres, and after -inany battels ouerthrevv the G othes Sind Sarmatiaifs y then forraging the Countrey of Thracia^ > afterwards - being Urucken 4 ;8 JheKe Lib.3 /"His defire was CO naue it called New Roms, but vfcpre. ixkkd and altered it to csnfian- timpie. g M Rome, but i:iee raigftcd 6 yeares be- fore in Brii tAtm and eiic- where. The land 'yingneere and belon- ging CO Scotland, I Now cal- led iflaijd lying be. yond Scot- kndy as fome fay, others tiithnd. ftruckenin yeares, he proclai- med warre againft the Verjf- ms , wh® waited the Country of M^efofotamm : and in ^0a\ where he was arriued with his Army-(after receipt ofa medi- cine for recoiiery of his health ) breathed his laft, not without tufpitionof poifon. This is he by furnamc, liiled the Great J who named By- K>AnUHm 2i City of T^r/ic- , andliauing gotten the tAl^s , inuaded C74//*^,and intwoyearesfpace won all hisdeceafed brothers dominions % but was flaine wMiin a while after by the treacliery and crafty pealing of j^^?»f«^^«^J.Him,the loul- diers ( beforehand allured and inuieeied with rewards) elec- ted Empcrour. Con^Anmt\:^t onely furuiuing^ brother of the ttirce) Con^antiui cenftntis ^ The fame who WCKC lafcer wards called Goths J 1(50 rhe Key Lib. 3 three, vpon hodce hereof ■( deputing Gallus his ynclts fanne,and fifters husband, hij Vice-gerenr, ouer Aj% ) marr ches with a jfliOHg Army into ha/y^md fb into C<3!///<« where in maine battel] he ouerthiew ■ the Enemy,But Magneatimj^.l' eaping-fends him Ambaffadors to fue for peace. Whofe fuit the Conqueror » rejecting,' -he on afre/h wages batteli again, btit with ill foceeflc : there- vpon fiying to Lyons 3 where perceiuing his owne friends to confpire his deftrud:ipH,and not bauing any corner where to hide himielfe, became his owne executioner. Aftcrwatds C onflmtms commandtd Gallm his Cofin germane, and Vice- gerent for A<:\a asabouefaid, (who abufed his authority and power) t© bee put to death, when he could note- ther wife remedy it. After this he returnes into -4^with in- 1 ib.2. of mftorjx l6i tenttoprofecuce the w^rein Per^a^ which , by realon of Magnentim his fadion aboue- mentioned, he had broken oC And in regard the Germnnes. about this time,making an in- road into ^^//*««, forragedthe Gountrty there, hee adopted his other Cofin germane ( nii- musf^dlmMis brother,and to. him committed the proteilioii Q^GallU. iHlianm (baning had profperous rucceffe in his de- fignes 5 ^^''^^ ^^"^ many battels P^pttenthe vpperhand ) beat backe the Enemy beyond the %hjne, tooke many pi ifonersj andrcfcued many Remdn foul- diers out of prifon, and at' v^r- \ strashurg gcntine almoft quite cut off the iviGima^^ Enemies whole Army. Here., vpon tlie fouldrers proclaimc him not onely C&f^r but alfo AugftJIfiSy and fet a Diadem vpon his head, but againft his will as hee pretended. Eorin his letters to Qanflantms he in demored l62 The Key Lib.2' an.i,!ft 7. deauoured to remoiic 'the en- vied the fad from himfelfe. But Confiantifts hereat gr ie- uoufly offendeii, ccafing his warEc m Verjia^ and liberally & kindely entrcating'his neigh- botiriBg' Nations,:, that they might continue their allegiance fets forward on his iourney to reduce JuHaHm to his duty jbut on the way whilft hee was yer in A/ia\, being tata witb'a fe- uer, ended his life, firft ordai- ning luliannj his fucceflbr. During lulUmts his ratgne the enemies contained them- felues within their owne bounds not raifing any com- motion in any place. Hee him- felfe went out againft the »>,andf0rraging Ajyria{h%- uing put the Enemies forces to flight ) marched forwards as farre as Ctefi^hon. At length returning home with his for- ce5,ithe enemy fet vpon him in the rere,wher?,%feting in the midfl Lib.a. i6i midft of iiis feuldiers an the mayne battalia, heereceiueda wound , whereof , within a while after, heedyed,an eacmy to the name of Chrift. The fouldiers hauing thus loft their Leader , being plunged in great diftrejre,crcate/(!?»?»/,many • Wliofe Epiftles to Ibeodofifts Emperour, arc extant, wherf- inhee partly apologizes for bis , abfence from the Counccls by them conuocated,and intreats ^ them |i Lib.2. ofJJiflerj, 183 them not to bee offended for feflding thither of his Legates; and partly alfo requefts, that they weuld dcfigne fome place in Italy ^ rather then in ^Afia 5 for tne celebrating of CouHccls: bat he ordained no- thing. Whileft thas raged z'p and downe Itdj^ the Gity of Vemte was builded j when many of the abler fort, leaning gunnfobe theadioyning places, betooke builc^». therafeliies to thofc (ea-faads, 430' little Iflelands, and h'illoclces , as into fon:5e harbour. Thus raeane and in a nj^nner defpe- rate and miferable, was the be- ginning of this City, which ./SomeAu now, as we fee, is growne to a ^^^^^ <^^11 wonderfuil greatneffe. They i^^^-^ reckon So^^ Bukes till this fefhis,^l time"; the firft whereof was write of his p Paulftt Anazatm , in the beginning yeare of grace, 7(&(5. being ^^^^^^^ 252. vearcs after the begiA- J niKg or the building of their thcirCity City. After- built^tSt. ; The Key lib.a T Afterwards when Volenti-' nianpis wasflainc, Qenfcricns King of the Yandah , failing ouer withaNauy from Afri- ca into /r4/75 marches with an exceeding great army ( be- ing ayded by ihtHdoores ) to» ■ ' wards Romsy and takes the Ci- ty, in a manner left quite dc- folate : but at the earneft re- queft o^Leo the Bifhop , who alfo , as aforefayd , appeafed ^thild: hee forbore ftre and ' fword : The City-ftckt , c^p- tiaes werotranfported to C<«r- thage in great troepes. The e- nemycs after this, infe&C<2«?- fanU with grieuious outrages, raife C^fUKyN'&la^ Naples, and oth^r Citties i thofe who fur- uiue the fword , they con- demhe to the irons , and grownc rich with the? wcahh of My ^ murnc into ^Z- MArti4ms^m^tt9a.ro£ the Eali , a Prince of a calme na- ture Lib. 3. of Hifiory, 385 ture, inioyed peace : hee was wont tp fey : That it wm mtftt- ^^^g f"^ ^ Prince to m% arme aslo»g as he might Hue i» peace. In his xaigne,, and by, his com- mand , a very great Councell was aflembled at Chakedoti, wherein Eutiches who con- founded the two natures in Chrift, was condemned. There, arnongfl: the refl, it was decreed, that no Clerke, as they call them, {houXd bee admitted to the Churches of two Cities. Plurality of Ji- uings, asjvveetearmeit, was not then heard of, which,no w is growne fo ordinary , as no- thing is more common. And almofl: within our memory, that cuftome^crcpt fin amongft other blemiflies of the Church , that the Pope may conferretwoBifhoprickes vp-, on one man. If now therefore hse would reftorc the cuftome in this behalfe, which was held TJie fourth CouuceJJ [th'ma,- i26 The Key Lib.a I held m tlic next precedent age; Bee fhoiild doe his duty, but feeing that cannot bee, can we (uppofe it cucrto beegran- ted,that matters £hall be amen- , ded according to the holy Scriptures, and decrees of the Apoftles and ^ primitiue timgs? No, they toilc in vaine, that ballance the deed cs of the Po- pes, with the rules of ancient Religion. dying ia the fea- u€nth y eare of his E mpire, L ea (iicceeded him : and Auitus^ (when Ge»fericfts after the ta- king ©f R»f»St was returned in- to ^/r*V/i)fuccccded Vahmi- niams at Rome , . and in the Weft next to him, Majeranui then Seuernt^ and after him, ^/J^^wi«/:aftcr thoft follow- ed others , but nothing cmi- -neist, who perifhed in their mutuall maffacres and treache- ries, and raigacd but a while, iafomnch that now the other Lib. a, ''f Ji*fiory^ pare of the Emp^ire in the Weft, ftood in great dan- ger. Nothing memorable is re- corded Leo the Emperour, but that hee entred into amity and league with tie Cothes^ then w^iiiug llljricum^ and an Epiftle or two of" Leotht Bi- fhopof Rome tohira, are ex- tant. Zena 1 1fauricffj was his fucceffor, Amongft thofe alfo who ruled in Rome , after y**- lentittiaHHs his dtdxhyAuguftU" lus was one,in whofe raigne^ Odeacer with a mayne army of Herulians and Syrians ^cnitoji Pannoniaim^dic&Itaite, takes Orif/i'/, a Nobleman of 'B.cme^ who was fled toFanh with his forces purs him to death, fackes and burnes the Citie : and marching on^ takes in the whole Country as far as Rome, AnguftHlfisd^Kait^ inminde voluntarily rcfigj;es his Em- pire : 0r ' dcfcended from t^ztTheodorieus abouc menti- oned who was ilainein the batteJagaiiifl:A/4.//^Kingof the Hun^es. moacer^uz KHgtaH^2 pcopk ofOermame^ vpourhe 2)^«.^rea. ^e^dcnl thereby to ftrengthen him- We, obliged the Kingsofthe ^^'^^t^f.fo J^i^nbyaffinitie. Whileatfc[e%areswcnt thus- « Pope of of his vi- ftoryas Vema» Und'm 'ihe Key Lib.2. thusiii IMe i great trouble^ were on foot , throughout -^hme Africa^ and Bntame, where at length, the Saxms got the vpperliaiid. Zeno dying at Conliantino'^ hnafmtius fucceeds him. Hee faiioared tKany of tliofc, who ailo wed oiBmyches his o- pinion, wherupon a diflention grew betwixt him and gela^ l^/BiftiOpof R^'w^': who by tedious letters deborts him, as their bookcs haue it , from vndertaking the protedionoF them : for there were ■ two things faith he whereby prin- cipally this world fhould bee- floucrned; the facred authori- tieof Billiops and rcgall po- wer : and io much the more eiiarge lies vpon the Priefts. for that they, cuen for other mew, muft render an account to^the Lord : but he was to go- ncrne for eiuili poli.cie,yet fo, astofeec fubiedtothe Uvm- fters t tib.2« ofBifiorj, [94 ikrsof God,aad to depend vp- pon their iudgements :and fee- ing that Piiefts doe obey the iawes politicalli it is likcwife mft , that hec himfeife Ihould not refufethofc conftitutions, which the S!:cerf'Hien in mat- tcj -s diuine eftabli/L : therefore fichencethjji honour ought to be giuen to all Miniftets of the Church, thccaufe it fcifc re- quires, that to him moft tfpe- cially it {hould bee attributed, whom God by his owne word as alfo the Gonfent of the Churchjwouldhaue to rule o- uer the whole order of Priefts. Lethimkaucoff therefore,and rather heare hiicj an excufer in this lifcjthen finde him an ac- cufer in the other. After this, his decree concerning the holy Bible IS annexed, in which hee grants fupcriority to the Sea of Rome, as they call it, then to Alexandria^^Vi^ the third place to AfJthchia^ L In ns Key i ' I n Anaflatius [bis raigne : SicUie was tolled with trou- bles and hoftilc infurreaiions vvhkh -\vere quenched by the Authors death. ThenaUb the Bunne^ wafted ArmenU^ and ■CappadoCia : the Getcs , M^e- donia , Jhefalie , and Epirus: from both which the Empe- -rourwas enforced to buy his peace by gifts , and no fmali lofles. M»ch about this time , which was in the ycere of Grace, 500. C/odoucffs king thcFrtf»c^,firft ofall imbraced the ;Chriftian -Religion, ha- uing bcene very oft and car- aelily folicitcd thd-eunt©, as alfo to forfake his Idols and fuperilition by his wife -who was of the houfe o^Burgundie, The Councell of Or/^rf«x in bis raignc eftablifhed which con- fifted of thirty three French Bifhops, is extant : wherein a- iuo jgri the reft , it is decreed, i that Lib. 3. 19 ? that if the rauiflaer of a Virgin fhallflietoa Church, though hcc Iiaue offered violence to the r/r^»V, yethcs fiiali not Gome within danger of death : but fliall either bee as a bowd- (laucjorcife redecmc himfelfe froju her . ^ jiftaftAtins flainc -by Ijght- ning, or as the papalfiaw fpcakes, dying vpon an '^erup- tion of his bowels : IuCuhhs fucceedcd, .a man ol: obfcure -parentage, and from a fwine heard made a fouldier , as it is vmtten.. He was atdiflention with- Theodoricus king of the Gothcs, Lord of It^hc, about diucrfitie of Keligion , bur yet they held off troin biowes : yheodpncus dying , AUric^s his Grand-child by his foane fuGCceded , to the great ioy and contentment of the Gothes , lohftthQ firft oft hat name, was then Bifiiop of Rorf:ie . He vjiih other more, was fcnt in Am- L 2 baffage, Inotc!.) I). • nerc niifiakes cho Enipe. rour for Pope A/f<2- //at/fis. 150 rhe Key Lib.t : baffagc , by the aforemeatio* , ned King TheodcrtcHS^ to fonA. fiamino^le I where , as their bookes relate , bee was moft ; honourably entertayned, not oncly by the people , but alfo by the Emperour bimfdfe. For they 3 fay they, were exec- dmgioyous , that it was their fortune, now at length to fee and entcrtaine the bktfed Saint Meters Vicar , as they tearme him, in Greece ; which had ne- uer befallen them before fince Con(iAntines time the Great, and Sjlfieft^n.But it is ftrange, that they {hould prate thus of Syluefier , who earrie not into Greece^ as it is manifeft : For, then when it Was moft be- hoofefuil , as alfo needful] , I meahe at the Councell ' of Vife hee ftirred not , but fent thither his Legates, Vi^or and yincent'.^n^ afterwards as they relate i hee himfelfe aflefnblcd another CounccU at Reme^ wherein lib. i* ofHifiorj, iP5 wherein he confirmed the de- cres tothe Councell of 2\^Vr. where is extant alfo, aconfo- l2torie Bpiftleofthis U^»the firfttothcBifhops of itaite^ wherein hee exhorts ihem, that albeit King Iheohrkns polluted with Arim hereficy threatneddeftrudion to them and to all ItAlie^ytx. they fliouldnoc dcfift from their piij-pof?, bat refolutely .pro-^ ceed. . ' After I/yy/#>r,,his lifters fon luftinunus was made Empe- rour : Hee wholly bent him- felfe to the reftoring ofthe Common-welth, and at his firll: entrance fet ouer tli€ whole charge of gouernmeiit to Behfarius , who by many great battels, oaercamc the Perfians , tranlgrefTing their bounds, and cffring violence to the Romane dominion : fet £rcel//j/ricum , wafted by the GefUss and i?;»/^<«r#<««/.rcdu- I* 3 ced rhe Key Lib. 2 ccd the Farthiahs bting vp in armes , to amity • oumhrew thz^arMls moft powerfuli fGrces ifi €/j the Emperours Lieu- tenant throughout ha/jf,(aher the Gothe/ were cxpuUft , and TmlM dead) held lt4ly fi\mo(\ fixtcene yearcs : afterwards called home by the Empcrour ' from whom receiuing certaine vnwclcome letters, and there- in perceiuing his ingratitude, heenot onely ftaycs IHII , but further for reuenge , ( fending away his Ambaffadours) infti- gates jthe Lomlfardjl then fea- I ted in Fattnoffta , proffering them very large rewards , to depart from Pamonia and come into iMly , the moft pleafant and fruitfull of all Countryes* Thereupon they tooke that part oF I/rf/r, which till this day , retaines the name from them. This In [tine as it 304 Ihe Key Lib.s it-is writtcn^conftitutcd an Ex- ar-ch, Goucrnoiir throughout \tAly.',\{tt was as it were the Eiiiperours Vicar or Deputy His chiefefeat v^^i^lRauennti neglecting Kcme^, aad in each Cicy and towne ordaining: fome Gouernour. The halt. ^» writers report that this new ordinance , was the bane of- Italy yOndi Rome. Narfes (bone after dyed at R<7«?aad inSSeed.cQnfefTes, 'that in the Comicell of Chal- (f^^/(?»,this title and honour was giuen to, bif -ptedeceffors, but inoqcfof thei^ vfed;it. As alfo, he exhorts j/f»i^//'<»i -the Em- perour by hj^leiters, -to re- flraine him, for r hat alft) apper- tained to his authotity, which hee ( in arrogating fuch a kindf ofpawcr} did much impake.^ ; tt if record^ tliat;. the next. ' ak^V Gregory yBoffiface the 1 1 L. obtayried the primacy ft-om ' ffjocas j certaine Edicts and charters being publiHic in that beba'fe. Iri ^hce^i his ra igne the T^gr- fians vcry grievoufiy annoued , the Common wealth : fcizing vpon Afef ^ptamia , aiid jif}- ria Lib.i. ofHifiorj, rM,and marching on euen vn-' to the leffer ^^a\ fuchwas the negligence ofthis Prince. Germany alfo , together with (?/^«?;^y<:/^//oi raged c^^^/j^jfabdued-^^r^?^;^, and gaue the ferfim romc;oucr- throwes.This tJMahomn was by parentage obfcHf but fub- till and aduenturous , as alfb afterwards enriched by mari- age : and by reafon of his pnyat wit carrying great fway fvvay he propounds a new kind oFdoflrine (»corcaron indeed very dtleclable , but for the moft part ridiealoiisand foo- liiti) whereby hec niight Jttore . and more oblige the minds of mcn,and more firmely poiTeffe : himfelfe with foncraigncy . ' * And thbcjghthis Bame might at ^rft banc eafily bcene quen- ched, yet being neglededjJn fhort fpacR grew to a raaine height : and lb from >that time the Maiefty and Empire of ed more and, more, Nations re- iiolting one after another. InH-eracHUs his raigne, tlie fourth Councell oHoIedo was celebrated, where, becaufe mo a part of the ^ Prieds thtou^milSpm^^ didnot e- uery(Sy^(butpneIy'vpon that ' day whieU ■ Wee tali Sunday ) V'fe that pfayet which Chrift himfelfe taught vs : amongft othcJ JiKitters, a reformation ; y therein' 21 Q Cenflantint the III. clian two Cmflans thcU 6 it, d.to% The Key Lib, therein was decreed, as alfo that the jipacalyps o^S. hhn as they fay ihould bee read in the Church,; froia Eafter'^a Whit&ntidc*.. ? , ".yp-;; The Gothes then raigne-d in Hifpam^-Vfhtxi^ksthQSpamards (growne weary, as it is com-: mon, ©f forraign gouLeinrnm) attempting an imiovaripn, this CoLincell vttdei-a feuer^ penalty prohibited'the praais zing of any canfpirac;^ againft theiiKing. or the G*^^*^ |%- tion : and that afc %fe.Kings deceafe, the Stares an^ Ciergie of the whole Nation , ihoiild by c(5m mon confent appoint the fucceffoiv The fame decree vvasalforenued infome other of their aflemblies. The fmg- ing^f the Heprcw AUelu^Ab in the Church, in time of was likewife forbidden, for that it was a time of forrow and not ofreioycing, to He, rAcUut^ (^onfims fucceeded, who Lib. 4, _ ''of iiijiisry . Hi who was his grand'clnid by his fonnc Conflautine, Hee had an infortunate {ca-iighc with theto4c/* was held inhisraigj^ which The fixt couuccl at Confianti- the % t\h.% which confifted oF 150. Bi- ftiops. Wherein, abourthe end thereof, mention is made ( bqt m obfcure words) of thofe Cant;ns ftiled the Apo- ftles. But GraaannsvtcVon^ vp the contrary opinions , for hee auerres,that \ here be thofe that canailir«ic,tbat they '-verc compiled by herttiques,iciec- tcd by thePrimit:ue Church," arid accounted among the .4- pocryphjis. Yet it is written that Ze^herittHt B. of Rome^ in order the fixreenth appro- ued them : as alio , after him, this Connceil before n entio- ned, which ( as they report) was ended in (ujUne the 1 1, his time, Canfiamine the IIII. his fpnnc In briefe, all flotes vpcst^irtcertaine grounds , nei' ther doe they agree in the number of the Cannons, for (bmc hold %q. others 60. o- thers84,in which number in- deed they are extant. Where- ' by ' Lib.i. of Hiflcrj, by it may eafily by coniedured that more were added by de- grees,and afterwards ( though proceedfug from many ) com- prehended vndei- one title. It is written that then alio the Archbidiopof fub- icded himfclfc to the Bifl^op of Rome,vih<:i before thar( bur moft ei]5ecially after the tran- flation thither of the'Exarchy) would yeeld nothiiig at ali to him. To Co^'fiantinff^lnsnKiaHus ^^'J^'^^^m hisfou fiiccetd;d:he by reaPjn '^''^^-'^^ of his nonage and inexperi- ence, mifgouerned the Com- mon-wealth, and breaking the ieagae which his father "had made with the Strax^ens and "Bnlgart^ was brought to that pinch as he him.'elfe was-con- Itrained to lue for pence to boLhofthcm. At length, be- ing thruft out tor his cruclrie, and baniilit With hi<> nox cjr Q'&^Leontisis fuccecdcd, hai-i'ig M bec-ne^ ^95 an. Z3 210 196 an.?. 7hc Key "^lib.* ■beene prifona' two yeaces vp- on fufpitipn of affbding the Eppiii. . In I he time of thoie broiles, the S^ra<.ens iiiuade A frica, but wtTC.witliiintwO ycares after chafed oat thence by Force of amies. The Roman fouluicrs forfaking thqgarrj- fon in fith the Eippe- iDiiE ft^ighted ouer .all aff^ifc^ with negligence and carelefle- nefle, andYcaiing left tbey fliouldagainebec expelled by the S'traz^ant , who were then exceeding .ilrong • create one Jibrrim Einperoiir. He mar- ches with his forces to Cok- fiaminoplej where winning the CitVjtakes LeontiHSyCMts off his Dpfe, cad him into. prifon, and cpnftitutesa new Exarch in iuly^ Ai^d whilfl: all matters werecaried, after this boifte- roii s ma nncr, the 5 arazens lay - inghoid on thisf»t opportuni- ty,mavch out of E^jpt , with an hiige Army : and againe (iii^ priic cfHifiorj, prifc sy^fricd^ and Ljhiay and wclnigh all HiffAine. i{iftiy.t(inus ( hee whom I a- bouc fpoke of, expeld and ban- nffiit by 'LcvWius\ ( by helpe of Jrihellius King of BHfgaria,zt fcngih takes Conftavtine^lt,, and therein Z»«'o»r/W, and'T*- ^irW///,w()mc hee put to death: after which hee raigncd fixe yeares crueHy, prouing alfoin- gratcfull to King TriifcHiaSy and at length ioyning battle with Philippicus ^ardaytcj.to whom the fouldiers had re- ue'tcdj both he and his fonne liheyihs w^ere there flaine. Pope XZonftetntme pronounced this Thiilfpkus ) for difference in ^Religion) a Scbifmarick v/hofe eyes being aftet wards b!uckt ourby his owne fer- uants, Amftattus the I I-w'as -his fucceflbr. Hee fcnta '{Irong Nauie to the Rhcd^t to make warrc with thq S4r4z^»s, conftitu- ai7 cbclLa. gaine, jo6 nng rhcia to be fan-' cd Toand downe the city bount' ia rordsj then iram- Ipiing Ypor. cheir necki and Jaftiy beheading them. Kardan:s J II. an.z. 'A^ifiatiut Che li .71 J M tini; 2l8 The Key I I rhcodqftiis \draniktc- Leo Co/ton, ting an cqckfiafticall perfon Ge!;.^rall thereof:, whom the fouldiers refufing to obey , mutinie arofcsnd oiie Theodo. (ius of ob/cure parentage wss created Empeiour, wo chan- ging the voyage?, marches to Confiantineple, takes the City, and confines Jtiafiajius ( w}>6 jheouerthrew in battai?e)L-o a Monaftery :Jbijt not long after being cxpulfl: by Leo Lietitc- nant ofhis forces, hce alfo be- ■takes himfclfctoa Monafticall h'fe. About this time which was in ihe yeare of Grace 7 1 7» the Moores with their whole powers breake into Spaine, . and subdue it, Kodcrkke being .tircn King of the Hiffaines^ Vv^hom'thc G othes had elcdcd. The S(itas:,en$ in h eo'ts raigne, haning oucrrunne 1brAce,\tz- fiege Confta^tinofle both by Tea and land for three ycarcs fpace ; bnt at length ( being well nigh deftroyed by the plagne) y- Lib< 2. Hijiory, plague) were conftrsined to retire home. ThisZc-awas a mortall aducrfary to Gregory the 1 1 . BifliOp of Rome : and charged his Vicar or Exarch ^ / tdy \ by all meanes to cut nifli off: but i\itLombaYds de- fended the Pope, not for any loue they bare him, but to the end", that fay thcfe difTentions, they mighr enlarge their owne Teritories. 'For vpdn this oc- cafion they furprifcd many townes belonging to the Exac- chy.CertaineGrf this Gtegorits Epiftles to thc -CIeargy and Laity 'of ThHringU^^xt extant, whereby he adrnonifhes them moreand more to encreafe in the knowledge of God : as al- fb to the Saxons ILarpIy de- terring them from worfhip^ ping ofldolls, in which em- ployment hee vfcd on = Boni- f^eehis heipe, whom he bad fent into Germany, The Emperour Leo throwes M 3 ; ail A part of where the City Er- e An Eng" /Thman joi He in- Deuonfhlrc . I i« I ■ ■ - ' M l - II ' 1 |- all ftatiics and Images of Saints ©i^t of Xhurches,and.enipynes the Pppc alfo to doctk: like : but bee not oneiy difobeyes, but alfo dcQQunces fhsrpc pu- ni{h ment.againft]iim perfeuc- , ringin hi s purpofe. To -tcoyhh . foo danfiiwths of that name \cmpntme the V. .filcceeded , fiirnamed • the V.741. CofronymosyQ^ihtinmR^di- tjo^ forth with -a great Najsy againft the ^y^r^^^*/, for reco- il ery of ill t^^jrp^^ vnderftanding by a meflcngcr of the infurredions hatchtdat home, andofe/4'mi'^y^^jthc new eleifted Emperour retires to .Cf »y?rf«/i»f j&/erg, and Er- ph^rd ; and alfo gaue him leaue to goe to Charlem^ineyCharles Marul his fonne,who wasdc- nrou« to haue a CouncelV held 'M4 ^" 222 T^c' Key Lib. 2 in fome City of tlie French Kingdome.' and that hcc might diligently reforme the abufes of the Churcbjbut m©ft efpe- cia%remouc adulterers, and thofe that had many wiues fiom the order of Pricfthood : for fitliencc after ths vnderta- kinglof the holy Mi'niftery ,they ought not to haue or touch fo much as one wife, much Icfle at one and the fame time,tkey fhould haue more, for ^anh vvordsjthat the Bifhop fhould bee tlic husband of one wife, is to bee vndcrilood nor of the time prefcnt, but pafi:,to wit, I that he who defires to bee ad- mitred into the miniiterial] iund:ion, iliould haue no more vviues then one. Tp this Epiftle CharUmaines EdiA ( who ftiles himfelfe Duke of the French ) is an- nexed : wherein hce ordajncs that a Councell /honid be held cuery yeare in his prefence: and and commands that adulterous , Priefts, and whoremongers lliould]bercmoued out of rheir places : and likewifeprojiibirs them from hunting and haw- kiT^,and charges them not to maintaine any whore at home: but conccraing wines not a word. ... Frdm.thjs time Aifulphis King of xht Lomyards requi- red a tribute fr*tti tht Romans iliarply meiiacing them in cafe ef non-payment. Sff^W; the I I. of that namCg then Bifhop of T^^owfjfeeing hec could not ftop his mouth neither with : flatteries nor rewards, foes to j Conjiantine the EmperQur for \ ayde , but no helpe comming from hira^ hec folHcitcs Vifin, lately (as wee below fhall men- tion)made kingofthc^f^rcnch ^ to lend himhi-s hand.Hee mar- , ching with an Army into Italy ■•. ht^zgts^mie , and cpmpells AiJtPil^hus to come 10 compo- ; r he Key Lik^ Lf*tbeIIlI 1/ Agaiuft Uhc Sara- litioii, but tbe Ei!em)'.^.2ft;e; , retiirne hpme, gvowne more kene,againe takes i^niics: whereupoa/'?p///3aginc foiici- ted^ marchesinto italie '^ then at length Aifinlphtis furrenders the Exarchy to Pipw^in which Country thofe Cities are ,aF caiefe account, Rauema,Fa- uemia^C<^fcn;i^ Forlt^ ForUmpo- poli, Bologna^ %SggiO:, pArma, and PUce/itm. It is written that Pipin deli- ucred all this Countrg^ into the Popes hands, though the Enaperour firft required /him to reftore them to him^as be- longicgto the Empire, not to the Church of Rome, To C^njianttne, his fbn Leo the J III. fucceeded : Hec vnr dmooke one only expedition into f^y^m, where di^oai^ted^ he ] etires home, and not long after dyed, of the lame religion with his father, leauing be- hind him his fonne Confiantine the Lib. 2. of Hiflcrj, -lie "-5 the V I . who by reafon of his nonage, not of ability to raigae,his mothet /rc^^ gouer- iKd the Common- wealth, but he waxen warmer in s yeares, depofing his mother, tooke the- Empire vpon bimfelfc^ Vv^ich no lc{f< inlblency then' cruelty: whereupon certaine conlpiracie-s being pra-fVizcd againit: him : he let a maid, a- mongii otbefs.> vpon his vncle N'icephomsy and put out his eyes . And at length he him- {clfc by the meancs of his mo- ther,\vas ferued with the fame lauce,within a while afcer dy- ina,, of griefe i and thereupon tlic f^vay-of gfiueniment retur- ned ' into her-hand s . who afterwards in the-fcu^th yeere of her Empire was depGied and Cent into cxllcjN'tcephorHi vvl\om we before mentioned, was her iiicccfibr. ^ , , In tlie meane tiit'^e^-'whircft matters were tluls turnukuouf- g to yeera of age. rhe Key tib.: ly carycd at C<'»fiantimp{e,th^ name of Charles King of the French, grew famous. For hee hauing finiflied the warre in tAqvycAnia^ at the requeft of AdrUn BiiLop of 3^ oRthe weftjcame to the Gerr \ manes ifor without all doaht^ P»/?m and Charles were Gcr' mams. This wa« in the eight ' hundred and firft yed'c aiier Chrifts birth. NoWjafcer Nicepherfts^ths Emperours of the Eaft were toffcd With continual I wa rrcs for at BvB:.^thc^3u liars often; Incountrcd thcnijthen the'S^-" raz^cKs ifUiing out of Jjfr:c.ty tookethelle of Candie^zs d-.. terwards S>fj/i«?j and made ha- ' uocke 111 Jifia farre and wide- ^' and laCt of all the Turks\ s,pep-,- The Etnperours o? Greece^ from IslicevborHS tO Qonftantine Pako-hgfif thelafl j are recko- ned Nicepho' ■ yus waso- ucicome and Hainc by the Bid'. b/sTcull iTi'id e a dlinkirs bowJe by Criimnus. King of the Bulgars, > I Lib. 3. 22, 0 ; > fome wbercorvvtrc •T.bu'c monrofihorc were • Ami ir^Qctnfiaktine | smcchjis^^hi^ raigije,' the.; Tufk.es from- a bafe original!, j by degrees getting ground ! mprcand more, began to wail j , and daieiy increafiiTg ] their power, at length mad« vp a Monarchy , burno new pr fifth one , but fprputed. out of that part.of-.u-C'Ro7Ka»e- Empire, lying in the Eaft. Of , which Monarchic , Ottoman fjf^^'^lf^ was the head, about the yeare of Chrift, 1500., . Aft€i:w3rdS;jer part of Hungary ^ and feme part of Affrica, - la former times, the Chiir* ches of lerufalem , ^mioeh, Conjiaminople and Rsme^ con- tended amongfl themreliies for primaciej but efpe cially the two laft , as wee formerly ihcwed : but the T*wi deploring thiff: Courageous they arc decde,raythhec,butm regard of the memory of thofe ex- ployts, which they atchicued for the liberty of the Kom^ns and the dignity of the Com- mon-wealth two fierce, and recall all our Councell to their violence. XJhe^end of. the fccond djioki. T^e Key lib.: rOHN SLEID A N of the foure ehiefe Monarchies. ThcKcyofHiftor^. The third Booke. Eforcwcfpeakc I of Charles the (Great, (to who I told you the fw^n— ^ Empire of the Welt was be£aIIen)fomc thing muft bee enfolded CMcernLnl | the G^rw4«^^/rom whom hec derwcs his origioalL Andfirft of Lib.2 . ef Hifiory, ~ — — — ^ — ofallitis manifeft, beyond all (ioubtjthatthe Qcrmanesvtiy oft pafTed ouer the ^hjne^ and :entred the .Galk/t' t xh^iQ to feat themfclucs in regard of ■ the go«dneflc. of the foilc. For _ the TcHthons broke into the " Prouinccof(7rf//M, and were put to flight hyCaitis fj^^i^ us the ConfuII. Afterwarils the Aruernej and Heduies quarrelh'ng about principalis ty , the Germanes ( hired with ■pay from the Aruemes and Seqtt4nes) marched thither at ! iirft indeed but with indiffe- rent forces, bMt increafingby degrees, ihl Arcoutfim their Kings raigne, pofreflTedagood part of the country :but them Qaius Cafar oucrihrew in bat- tell : and feme yeeres after when he made warre againil the ^£^«rtfw, a people of Gal. lU Belgka^ the Germanes 2.- gaine march eacr the ^hyne with intent to beat backc the' beyond ■ 7hf Key Lib. 3: Komm Armic , but were hj' him -dileom.ireci , at the mee- ting of the Riuer MaK^e the Kh'jnc, Many ytcrs follow- ing, they eoniainefe, and the iRZ/f/w: they eafily repelled not onely offred hoftilitifjbut alfb made warrevpon others. Bdides,thc^fwrf» Empire in ^/ta and ^£rk4, daily more and then i-rarir- csri'd in ni Holland V. la and a bout Trim 0 Ot I ulitrs or Gu-licl^e- pParc in Flanders, paftin picardie. q Oi pir my. rifct- of Ptcur^y. 1 be begin ningofthc Trench Kingdomc ia GallU, The Key Lib. 3. and more Aiding away, and the Lomb^ds wafting Italy, they almoft extended their dominions quite through GallU : and after many of their Kings had raigned there in fucceffiuc courfe, ae length the Crowue came to Fifin alfo, and to his Tonne Charles. Charles Martel'Pipms Vzthn; who was not king himfelfe, but ouely one of the Nobles and Gouernour of the Pal: lace, oras they are commonly called, CH'ijors of the houfe : vanquiflied the BauartA-aSj and Sftefiians, For as the writers of the 'Fr?;?, { befides his reprelli- on of the L ombards in Italy the popes rcqueft , as &etwe mentioned) commenced war ' alfoagainft the S^iA-ow/j-and af- terwards againft the ^qm- tmUns^ whofa Chief etaine hee tooke and put to death : not long after , departing his life, \ they fortliwitli rebelled}, and King Qharles his foni3c with much^dijiicuhy and iafinire toiie, at length made an md of / thiat double warre.For he was in armes againft the S^x^ns^ full thirty thrte yeare-s during which lib. of Hiftorj- which warrc, hec made other alio : Bauaria likevvife with their ChcifetaineT<*^/tf, hee brought vnder his lubiedion, and in two expeditions againft the Loj^/^ards, marching into C^mpama , fubdued all halj, and letlcd it with lawes ; and -reduced iato fubied:ion thofe Cities of Gallia, lying vpon the Ocean, which Caius Cafar calls Q/^rmoricay but now goe vnder the name of little Brif- tame , which refufed ar.y lon- ger to pay yearely tribute to the Kings of Fraftce, J n Htf- paine alio whither hee made an expedition w^ith an Army againil the $araz.ens, victory attended him : but in his re- turnee vpon the Vjrene Moun" taincsjby a ftraragcm receiued a e fore ouerthrow from tlie " V^afcoves^ people of ^qni- M'/je * notwithflandingat laft, after eight yearns wane, hee I ouerthrew the Humes , then 1 N » in (V "The Key Lib. 3. ' I* For the otiginajjy iahabired tbc llands Mittorque. V.H. II in polTcflion o^'P^nftoma, and likevvife by his Lieutenants compofed B&hfm/^t. And his Ul\ warre was againft the Da»es or * ATfrn^^w/jihen with a great Nauie forraging the maritime coafts of Germanie, 2nd France. Bythe atchieuc, ment of thofc fo famous ex- ploits, he gained his firname the Great. For, whereas before hinijthc fr^-wf^ Kings onely held that part of G'crwzi*?!*^, ly- ing betwixt SAXonie^ and the Riuer DaMow^ and betwixt the Rhjne, aud tire Riuer SaU to thisbeadded Sueuta, ^ndBa- uaria;zl\ S^xonle^ afterwards both the PAnnoKtas, Dacia, Ifiria* Ireland ^ and the {mid- land Country of ValmAtia : whereas alfo the French Kings had onely that part of Qaliiay lying betwixt the Rhyne and the Riuer Leire^ betwixt the Ocean and the * BaletsriqHe Sea : hce added all uiqii'ttanU* -all lib.,. ofHifiorj. 345 • all the top of the fyrene moun- taines,totbeRiuer \ber ^ and (which fliould hauc bccisc na- me rlfirft) all from the i Alfct to the furthcft part of C(tUbr%A,KvA this doiie,hefcts forward to Rome the fourth time, where hee was proclai- med Emperour. .^^f/sf^w, by L eo the third, and all the peo- ple : after he had rajgned thir- ty three yeares. Thus the K^maae Empire in the Wef^, l ent almoft into ' pecce-meales, cfpecially fr®m thit.time when the Emperours madechoyceof Confta»tinofU for their Court and rets( as appeares out of that which we haue before mentioned , ) was hy the Emperour Charges re- dintigrated, and as it were a ^ new b ody , re-a{fumed beau- ty and feature J after fo many and fo great Prouincs were reduced into one mansprinci. pality. Nj ^ N 244 Ihe. Key jVicephorus the ocher Em- per©m- inrhe Eaft, was much diipleafed herear. but Charles by his humanitic and kinde- ^ncfife, appeafed him, and in- terchanging prefcnts, both themiiuedin amitie: and th*. cerraine bounds of each Em- pire were ftt out. Befides other aflcmblies, he had a Goimcell at %Jx€mes, wherinamongft manyothers_, one decree was, that Bifhop fliould diligenfl/ perufc the h©ly Scriptures, and Prcaeh the Word of God. There was a Councdl alfo iieldat CUeyitz, theyeere before hh death: and others, (bme yceres before, at ToM-rs', Chaatont and ^he , foft awy G^rma»e ;i,duanc;ed to that digilitie, In hi?' time, there were onely one end twenty Mctropolitaije Cifies. as they calkhcmy. throughout hal^, ^ ■ ^AM^f^M4^f^^ Vrjul}. Cra- vi Triers, koaHe^ SsiiSy Mefanfon^ Monfikry lH^erlufty tftid^i^f^Xi, T<»«r/,5nd Burges iwBeirj ■ . hiV^F^ther cotninit. ted the Efiarcij^t'i taken from ftiops of Romes hands, as a- boae 0id, which indeed is fo deliueredto memoric, andit is reported that hee diredly gaueit t© them, but that very many call into queftion. £W4rtff« J one very familiar N 4 \vith I 2^6 ^'Charles. I withy him, an^ his fworhe Scribe, writes , that hcc more deai'cly efteemed of that; Church, which t^icy call St» feters in i^ow^-jthcn aay ether/^ and that a great mafifc of gold, {ilucr,aEid icwels, was tra^af- portcd thither, and vere many gifts fcnt from him to the Popes : for herein hcc vfed ex- traordinary diligence, that by ' his mcnnes and procurcnrient, the Cityo£ Kome might ini©y her ancient authority , ^ndS. Pkers Qhwvch irnghtnot one- ly rcmaine (afe and ftciired vnderhis patr6iiage, but alfo flourifh in wealth abolic other Churches : Thus much onely he writes, but of the donation of To many and fuch potent Cities, within the bounds of the Empire, not a word : nay, it is written , that after h'is fourth comming into haly^ when hee was created Empe- rour,hce oidered not oncly the pub- Lib.l. 247 publike affaires , but alio both .^cGclefiafticalUndpriuate con- | cei niHg the Pope , the City of Rome^ and all Italic, For when ^ hee wasnotyctEmperoar,biit onelyKing ot Francc,\\z\\iu^ vanquiflied 'DeffdermYdD^oi the L ombards , as abouc fayd: hee came to Ronre , and had a CGuncelljin which ( as their booke rehtes)Adrimxhe firft together with the whole Counceil, granted him the right and power of ekaing the Pope 3 as alfo difpofing of the fe Apoftolique , as they teafme it, and confirming Bi- : ftiops. , EginAritit attributes to this i 0/«r/r/,inanyvcrtues worthy ; of a Prince, as, temperance, modefty , frugality , loue to religion, learning, eloquence, and knowledge, notonelyof the Latinc, but alfo ©f the Grcekc tongue : withall , his . . exceeding care and diligence ! 24S' The Key monlyc led hitcoi- map man,fo others in educating and nurturing yp his children to the fame courfe He airo,as it is written, founded the Academic of p*V,as well of his owne accord, as alfb by the inftigation of * Alhintis his Tutor for lear- ning of the arts,as EgiaardHs reports.Kft alfo gaue Germane names tO' the tweiue moneths, and; to the windes, which they now vl!e,whereas before^ that tiHie,as the fame writer relatesjthc Frtf*>, ftirred vpi thofe brbylcs againft him, and} prouokt his fonncs to put in' prafticcthis foimpiousa fa(5^:.. J^^gg^pJ.g^ But being fet at . liberty the vj^^e fixe fixt monetb following , to thei jinonetb great troiitcntmoat of the peo- follavjmg pie; hec recouered his King-; dome and all more* I Beeaafc the place ie«jesj| Ictvs by the way: take a view! of the many Nationall. Synods' held inFr*»rtf J for next after that before mentioned at Ai:c, there 25* thetc.^as another Tr^j iii (^h/it^digne i after that at Rhemcs^ Towrs^Pigian/Paris, . Lyons Jjienn^yAHiniqH^ Vier^ ron^rleans , andmaay more in the fame places , for when the affciires of the Coiinnoa* wealth fo required, the Kings themCelucs conuocatid afweil the States Ecckfiafticail as o- thcrs, for reforming of pub- like enormities. In like man- ner Lewis thetwelthjat hitter caraitj; With IuHhs thefecond afembled a Councell of his owne people atToj^rjandZ./-* oHs^ in tne^ yeare of Grace, i5!0.aHd.i5;ii. Now to the purpofcjLf ft'ar dying was buried M etxj^ and LothartHs ( then vp. in Armes ^ajnft his brothers j fLic<:eed€d which wa^^re at' length -quenched 5. and a new diuifionmadejGfr^^^i^fellto , Lewu^mdi part of France^iiOm > the Hiucr Ma^o to the Rhyae s to to Charles , France , from the . 'Irittijh- Ocean y and. fyrene Mouniaines to. Maze iLotha- r#;^/(befides that he was Em-: perour ) held If^lj , and- the; TohimhisfonneLtfM'^x the I i.fuccecded, who re^refled -^^^^^j^ the Saraz,ens breaking into - Italy, in his raigne amongft others, -^'^A'*^^ the I I. was pope, created ( as their bookes hauc it Jcontrary to the Etnpe- rours affent , by the %omane Nobility jCitizens and Clergy, as they call them, ¥or ^- though tbeEmperours Depu- ties were in the City, yet were they not called to the Eledi- oft : who taking it in ill aad difcontcnted part, receiued their anfwcr , that it was not done in any contempt againft the Eniperoiir : but in caution for future times,, lell that cu- ftomc of expe^ing the Empc- rours P£putifs 3C. the. popes Creation;, Key Lib.j, .Creation , ilionW giow vp m • neceffary^ They cepore tmt with this anfwere,- they were ; > not onely well pleafedjbut alfb ' .in reuerence haiubly (aluted - \ the Pope. Now here we may feeacertaine wonderfull vari- ety and inconflancy in their writings.* for if Lewi^ the I. granted them a free cle^Jiion, I as they boaft, and asit is men- tioned a little aboue,whydid Leyifutthe li. his grand-child take thiisfor an iuiury oiFered hrm ? But howfoeacr - the cafe ftands,tbe title of that de- cree which is in GratUns Qen- ^owxjisjeuidently fal£e/or it is \ attribiitedto (Jrif^^jrjthe IIlI whereas hee departed bis life, twenty and two yeares before Adrian the II . was made: \ Pope. Did hee write a hiftoiy I when hee was dead of thofe, \ things which happened after- \ wards? Nicholoi the I ►Was the next before! ifBipry, before nAdrim, A very long Epiftleofhisto J/ic^^ff/ Em- peroiir of Greece , concercing his power oiier all Charchcs : is extant. For Ignatifts wss remoued from his Bifhopricke at Conftmmofle, and Photitu pIaeed,without the Bifhopof Kofftes confent : as alfo the Images wcrethrowriedowne, Hee therefore with all the vc- hemcncy he coiild cxclaimes -jigainft this. Many of his de- fcreesalfo are extant full of Pa- IpailMarefty* . Charles Yi[i-ig.o^ Fr^ticr, zs iahouefayd T riotwithftanding ;his other cwef Brother Lett^u- Ixhc King 6i (Ser^dmes fefi- ftance) marches in all haft into Itnlte y and is canfecrattdby lobn the eight Pdpe o?^ cme. In his {econd expedltioa into likiy dx the Pope's requ eft , fer ^reprefTiGjnofthe SArAsjens who ';hadaga!rie i«^aded Camfdma : hee dyed at ^ Mautna^His foR Bdld 87 J. # Poifoned by ztde- - 1 LtTVfs the Stammerer 877 m6 di. Charles th 7 coDiming into lior^ irandy hx /iruntphui • Lewis furnamcd cfic Stanmcg- f r^*" was his focceffour, but he I rajgned onely two yeares* j After him the gouernment of the Empire caiiac to Charles the Gr5;f^ ., fon Qf L ^ jpaj King o^ Germany ^ who ( his two brothers Deing.dead}held all Germmy *tiitljy'3i.\\d. ^rmc^^znA fchafed out tht SAr*i^eni^ who iafcftcd : fbr a whik alfo makiDg war againiV theJVar- ma>)*i y a people ofLower Ger- tmnie^ then artnoy i ng Bclgta : at Ie!igth granted the|n , that, partpJ ^ranqey whicb.to this day retfine&their name. Next aftet y&in ^rMfslphHj his bro- thers ft>nne was Emperour, a worthy Prince. He marching into Italy toiet Pope formsfus at liberty from his aduerfaies : takes ijf ;»f,and tookt reiiengc upon the Authors -pf that (edi- tion. la the titn e of his raigne, the Jinnnes being chafed out of Scythia lib.i* ofHifiory, 257 Scjthiii^ breakeinto Panmnia an(i marching into Germanie^ {l/- fome t imes a town^ vponr ihe bankc of the Riuer LMain?, where amongft many otherj cnedeoreewasj that no mart {hoiild fell a burying place for thedcad, and thas no Layman, as they call them, fhould bee^ buried within the Chnich. About this time a mighty vproare burft forth thfoughv out Italy : For Beri;figari(is^h6i certaine other Nobles of Iw//, loadcn with muItipHcity of fauours from Charles the Baldy coiafpired agaiaft, Prame^ at what many b cwixc 'Sui' 258 "^^f Key Lib. 3 what time Charles the ^^-c^ raigacd : but their attempts there, prouingfruftrate, they bciKJ their minds for Italj^ which (by long and mutual] confliifl:, as it is coiiimon)they harraze with mercileflc out rages. At length the vidory falling to Berengarim^ hec got the Kingdomc of I^^/y, where after hee had taken X ^wu iht Emperour he put out his eyes, as hiftories relate. About this time alfo (that no parcel! of ca- lamity might bee wanting)thc Samjcefif f Africans, and Huh^ gars, moftoutragiouflyouer- runne Italy. Thus whilft the ftate of mofl beautifull ReIigioH,vnder the BerengArims, Hngo, kttdolfhui Lothantu^AlherttUy andcer- taine others, was 16 doleful! and mifef able ,~ aud LeffU the Emperour dying i n the time of thofe broilcs ; the Germanes but more efpecially tht Sax^ Lib J* cfHifiorj, 35;^ ons and Francont , proclaime Otho Prince of the Saxons, and Jhftringes Emperour, bur hee, ftruckeniii yearcs, pcrfwades them to take Conrndtu Dake conradeh of FraneoniAywho being crea- 9ii,a?t.7. ted Emperour, ordered all af- faires according to Otltees di- redion.- and loone after O- thoes death, whenhehimlelfe was very dangeroufly ficke- ca!Jiug together his prime Nobility jrequeftted them to 1 acknowledge Otheos fon Hen- ry then abfent, for Einperour. This was that Henry vulgar, ly called Henry the « VMcontr, ^^>'li« Thus, we fee after what man- ncr the Imperiall fplcndo/ fought JBurgundj vnder his I fubiedionjaiS afterward mar- ! ching with a great Army into • i^4/;;',and vanqnifliing the Be- reagartms : there maricd bis fccondwifc Aditheida Lui- ih/dfis his fonue hereat dif- pjeafed , pra^i^es treacherie ; againft him,, hauing Goadiu- ' torseiiery >yherein readinefle to ferue his plots,, and amongft the reft Conraduj Duke of Sue- his fiftcrs hufband. But -his father bcfitging him at, Kaufman, he( firft brought into diftrefle ) humbly cranes and obtaines pardon. Lib.*. of Hiflorj, After this the Hmgars^hz- uing ferraged France , break e into Gejnany in greatermulti- tudes thenar any time before, and eacarppe theinieluej ncere Aufftir^hp^ that place,which takes name from the Riucr Lyehnh^ Emperor marching thither with the Saxons^ Frank/, ^Henians, Sauarians, and after a doubt- full an^ long battle put almoft all the enemies forces to the fwoid-j and caufed Tome of their Chieftaines to bee han- ged. Then u-eturning into Saxony zh^iht hadfetied the affaires there^makes anew ex- pedition into Italy I but be- fore his iouruey conftituted hisfonne Oz-.^routof his place, and ordained ano- ther ? Let him that can recon- cile this. Oth9, by reafon of the new broyks , marches againe into /r/«//,-wherehauingfetIed the affaires, and returning home dyed about the b^inning of May , and was buried at Mai- denBftrg, in the yearc ofGrace, 974. lo regard of Iris noble exployts, and fiirpflfling pro- wefTeHce's ftil'd the Great. ffenrj D. ofBau^tria, rebel- led againft^^/>(7 the IL but the fword reduc'dbim to his^uty Lathartm was then King of Fr4««)'jand EnipcroLir. He, hailing fetled a peace in G^^r- 7ffmy,Aud dravvtie on feme of his adueilaries into amity by, his extraordinary kindntfle, and {ubdaed other foine; maf chcd into Ua/y^ih Ttrct)o- nng .^pui'Uito the Ersjni e, which I be Sdr/t^ns had t aken , Then, after his confccratipii by Ben^dill the VU. Civtdipg away his Aimy into GermaMy He himfelf e, taking his iwr' ney through rhc Seqm»s Countrey came to an, enter- ueivv with Robert tfee Fretich Kiiig, where -a confirmation of amity was eftabljilied on both (ides. This Bmperour was'grcatly loued of the Cler- gie, for hee was very hberali towards them^ ■■li : . After Henries dcceafe^when O 4 . the g He was 1 pioifoncd I by a pai)e I of gloucs ' Igiuen bim ( arorc- fai. His fbn; ^ Henry ef that name the III.' fucceeded him , by confentoF the Eledlorall Princes. Hee fuppreft the Bohmians then rebelfing, and m:ide them tri- butary : re-inthronized Peter King of Hungary ^ once or twice depofd by his owne rubied:s : and quieted the whole Countrey , though not without great lofTe of !fis own men. At this time hapned an ex- ceeding great vproare at Kor/^^ey for Three contended , for the Papacy,aRdwhat they attemp- ted wasaliby finifter prartices thof^ were, BenedsU theJX. SiiusficrthQ III. zn^ Gregory the VI. The EmpcFonr hereupon marehing thith^, haaing all -r Oc5 a T^y^ Key Lib.j a ficge, laken the City . he call: a Synod, and conftitutes Suit- ^fr^^iBiOiop o£ Bamberg Pope who changing his name, was called ClcmentthQ U, from whom, foone after the Pope receiued confecration. Then againe^tfec CitizenJ tooke path not any wayes to middle with the Popes Crea- tion, without the. Emperours aaent. 1/4/7, thus Tee at peace againe, foone after the Empe- rcurs leturne into Germany^ Pope CJemern dyed, and was burycd at ^4w^f/'^i[,,The Em- peror ypon notice hereof ere- ^tCsmoppo BiHiOp olFriJinaen ' Pope. *^ V This was Bamafus the II. whoholdingrhe place buta, dayes, "Leo theIX.:Bi{hooof ' Tt4ll^ iupplied the . deeafeds place. Acertaine .paiceil ofan fcpiltle of his is extant, wberin he faies.itisnotJawfuil for a SiOiop, Prief^orOeacoij, to foi- Lib.;. r of Hiji^ry, 273 orfake his wife for Religion /ake, but it is fit they fl-iould find her with fuch neceffaries as belong to naturall fu Menta- tion : notwithftandingjin cafe llie vfecarnal oopulatioii-jiR cafe not Iawfiili:fithcnce T^«/'{aics lie had^ower nfwelmthe other which place he thusmterprets. " That the Apoftks had their wines alwayes with them for this intcntj that thay fhould be maintained, together with them , by thofc, whom their husbands inftruded, in the Chriftian Religion and faith : and not that they fhould cxer- cifethexDilice of'Wcdl©cke,or lyc together : therefore Saint thought fit to vfe the word Jcadai>oHt ^ and not/7^ with In the yearc 10 $OjLfo go-' ing from Rome , aflembled a Councell of 42. Brll^iops , at Mentz^ wherein the Eaipejof 0te I Co: Ill The Key Lib. 2 fatePrefident He dying with iu three y cares after , G eh char Biiliop of Aifien J by the Empcroui's aflcnt fucceeded him : this was ^iUof the I I Tfee Emperour marchiag. Tiito Italy ^ after he had fctled the affaires there, retunies into gfirmanie comes to treaty with /? insenfed his felU^w Bifhops againfthim,by Wfeome.at engrhhe^wasdepi ued I and though ihortly after i-eftorcd to his place, vet hee long furmuedit not. And the Emperour, (necefffty conftrai- mng bimCfith all in a manner complained ofthc ilateof the Commoo-wealth : rcqisefted Anno Archbifhop of to vndertake the Goucrnc- mcnr. But he, feeing., infolen- cic and iniquitie s bore great rway,excufinghisage and/Ick me ffe, afterwards re%cs VP hiso.lKctohim; Thi?young Emperoiir nowgrown to^wo and twenty, being by nature prone to vice, beganneto in- crcafe hii lafciuioufnefie^ and defpimig his wife kept many Concubines. Tlien rai- fmg Caftles all ouer Sa^Qny, intended to bring them into feruitudc, and reftraiaed rot 278 The Key Lib. 2. feis 0)1icers, who vfed much excefleand infolencic. Herepon the Saxons^ as well the Nobilkie as Clergie, knitting a league, betooke themfeiues to Armes, in vindi- cation oftheirlibcrtie : wbjcb,. after much adoe, and long interecflioris they lay downc againe,he firft fatisfying their demands 3 and making a nar- rowefcape by flight in the night time. Alexander the 11. dying the 'Komam , NobiJitie^ . without the Emperours afTent, fet vp Hildchrand ^ called Gre^- g9ry o^ that name the VI I» The Emperour vpon no- tic€ hereof, expoftulates with thefu by his AmbafiTadours. and withali admoni'fhcs tlie popeto giue himfacisfaons fend their AmbafTadours . for peaee, incamping them- ; ,peroiir fends them anfwer,thar • ©ne way to peace, was to yeeld tbemfelues : fo rhey^ though •feeming ratjier to doe any thing then this^ yet certaine. Princes ( which were fent as Inter ceflbrs and Ambaifadors from the Imperour ) promi- 'fing them [very largely , that , : they fhould not thereby in- curre any indammagement ■ eitherof liberty pr goods rat i . length faifented , ,and the Bi- ihop of LMaide»bnrgh , and , uaria^MagKus Duke o£ Saxo- ny, and Frederkke GorUHt ^Pa- y^/iW, yeelded themfeluesint© his hands, and likcwife, foone . after , many of the reft of the Nobility. ; 184 Jhi Key Lib. 3. The Emperourat iirft com** mits them to.cu|lody,EOt with out fauour : but .afterwards flying from his piotnife, cau- sed thera to be carried into fe- uerall places, how bee it , not long after: hee fet Duke Otho not ouely at liberty , f).u.t aUb intreatcd him very familiarly, but for the reftjboth kept them prifoiaers:and gaue their goods for a prey to, others. Then raifing new Caftles an^ Forts , wholly bends himfelfe againfl the fafety and hberty of the Saxons , and in his ab- fence committed the whole charge of gouernment to tho Duke of BmarU , by pa- rentage defcendcd from the Saxons, After this hee, confti- tatcd aBilliop at Bamlergb^^LS alfo at C«//c^,and an Abbot FuUett. Now a little before this , hee was accufcd to the felling Ecclefiafticall promoti- Lib. 3. of Hijfory, 28. ons.whereupon the Pope, by his Legate, cites, him to make his appearance at ^o/w^-, with- in a ccrtaiqe rime, and to giue his anfwcrein the cauft,But he calls a Synod of Biihpps awd Abbots at mrmes i there it is decraed , that the Pope , for that hee came to the papadc I byfiniftermcaneS;, /houldbec dcpriucd of hisplace^and forth with pubh%es this at Remf^by his Ambaffadors-But the pope pot a whit moued hereatjboth excommunicates him, and al- io moreclpccially the Bifliops o{:Mef}tz.,Vtrccht, and Bam- hr^h^hiumg formerly excom- municated Gcrtaine of his fa- miliar friends,by whofe coim- Lfel'lhee fuppofed him to Ijaue -heene drawne on to this pra- aife. Furthermore, the Prin- ces of Gertnanji deepely C/fen- ded at the Emperours demea- nour and di'polition :,elpedal- ly for thjjt , contrary to his promife H«»7the llIlLcx- jcoramuni-. jcated by V^i. alias Hildtbrand\ an loj6. the Key Lib, 3. - prbmife, bee perfecuted the Saxons with fo obftinate ha- trcdjCOfefpire againft him,aiid fo much the rather,becaufe he was iaterdided the Church, whei'eupen they difmifle the Currendred pnfonerSj(the cu- flodie whereof was commit- ted to them bytheEmps;rour) ludging them not to bee tied to hina^ ir^ any bond of allegi- ance. At the fame tiiiis ccrtaine Nobles in Saxome^{\:m'mg vp, and diavvinj; on others into their paitie,uirprife thofs Ca- , files euery where raired,rome by force and command, other ' Toms by deditienj and dis- • miffe the Garifons in fafetie, £rft binding them by oath, neuer after to beare Armes a- ' The Emperour vpon no- tice hereof, .in fubtk policie^ fets at libertie the, reft of the (imprifoned prihccs, to the \ end, lib.?* of Hifiorj. end that they , returnbig into Saxony ^xm^t^QQ Iiim fait4i- full ^zm\c^ in puni/Ling tile Rebels : for hecfaw there was no other meanes to bring a- bout his wi/hed fucceffe, with more facility, tlien by Kindling faaions aniongft thein, and renting one from another, but the euent was not correfpondent : for they, after their retnnie home, well acquainted with his qualities, with loynt mindes and niight refolued to fight for the com- mon libertie;and J:i\A^Otho alfo , forfaking him , did the like : yet the Emperour was full fraught with good hope, hauing broken through Bobe- mia^ into the Country of C4;w- pama ,aydcd with Bohemian forces : but when hee was cer- tified of the Saxons coniuncli- on, and their Army in icadi- ' ne0e, de/pairing victory, re- tucs. ^ P Then 8g rheXey Uhif Then at Icnrgh the Princes' . o€Gc'^/w^^«ii? , appointing the i day, met together-in greatva- | , bundance, thiiher atfo repaires the Popes Legate, \vho vnfol- tling the caules, ofthc Empe- ; , roars excammanication,, -ex- ■ bprtcd them to create anotha*, ; I which other%{i1'e they were a- i bout to doc of there Ovytie ac- cord : for, making a rehearfall of his life, cuen from his.ffii- der yeares, they pronounced him£<>hecthe bkrnifh, dillio- n0ur, and reproach of the Em- pire ;and decreed-, that (in re- gard he-had afflicled the Com- inoii-wealth with mbft grie- nous calamities) hee iLould bee dcpriucd of his gouerne- ment.Heej brought into fhefe •ftraights, bcganne to depre- cate and entreat by his AmbaP fadours , when after much a- doe this condition waspropo- fed. That hee Iliould Aand to iudgement , and fubied hii» - feife lib.t of Hifiorj. 2 8p fclfe to the popes cognizance, whom they would fend for to ^nf^urge againft the firft day: of February. That hee fliould , procure his[ abfolution within a yeare after the date of the excommunication, wherein if hee fayled, the whole caufe fliould fall difmifTe his,forces: In the meane time hue at %pre^ as a priuate man with a fmali traine : not meddle in any pub- like aifaires , nor afllime the kfafcesy or Imperiall Orna- ments , till the controuerfie were lawfully decided. Hee accepts the conditions, and V/hileft hee liued atSpirej be- thought him-felfs of going downeinto /talj ^ to worke his mature peace with the pope. Taking his icurney to- gether with hi s w i fc and 1 i tt le fonne, through Bfirgundy and Sauoy^'mmc^ fharoe winter, not withont extrcame dijlicul- ty Slid danger of life: at lei gth p a airiues li Bundkj of rods vfcd iti aii- cienc.dmc to be carri- ed before I ilie Romai*, Cor.fuls, Lil>.3 arriucs in hfiUe^ where was kindciy entertained, by the Nobles and Billiops oF that , Country , they thinking t hat bee carae.thithcryincentt with - anger againft the Pope. The Pope intheinterimjat the re- . qaefl of the Germane^nriCts^ bcgini his iourney , comming on Ibme] part , till bee vnder- ftbod of the Emperours ai ri- ] iiall. Whereupon heeflaies to I acquaint himfelfe with the - itateofthe caufe. The Erape- 1 rour fjDrth-with fending a fumptnous Embaffie, wherein were fbme gallant Ladies, a- inongft which , one was ac- counted fome-what too obfe- quioiis to the Pope : jmakes fuite to the Pope for his abfo ' lution: at firft hee feemed very " loath , andfayd' hee could doe nothing therein , except the accufers were prefent : but af- ter much a doe, oucrcoinmed \ at length with intreaties , hee lefii- ' 1 Lib.^. ofHificry^ rcfufed nor. Howbeit the Em- \ perour before hee came into ' tiie Popes prefencej llaied full three dayes in the lower roomes, court yard,and with- out the gates, where rhe Pope then was: being c!ad m meane and fimple apparrcll, without any regall ornaments baire foot, and fafting from mornc ■tanight. The fourth day ha- ulhg admittance , the Pope propounds to himthcfe con- ditions: that bee fliouldftasd to his iudgement, anfwei e the Princes their acculation, and if. conuK^led , leaue his Empire, and neuer afterwards attempt any reuenge : in the meane time Hue as a priuate man,and not meddle in any publike affaires , relcafe his fubiecfls from their loyalty and oath : remoue from him his Coiin- cellors and familiars in cafe hee fhall doeany thmg to the contrary , that benefit now P g .granted r he Key Lib. 5. granted him to become void, and the princes to hane ft ee ii- bertie, prefently thereupon to choofe them another, when the Emp eiouf had approoued of thefe conditions,tne pope faies Mafle,and to purge him. felfc from all pretended crime, lakes the vnleauened bread, which they call the L Bo- ^ , inuoeatiHg fcarefull exe- crations vpon his owne head and eftate,if all thcfe troubles were not wrought by his ad- uerfarics:and then be exhorts- i the Emp8roar(iF he thought the crimes obiefled againil hijti by the princes, were fairb, or any iniury offered him}:Q dce-thelike, and take ibe ®ther part of the confecra- ted breadjbut hee exciifed himfclfe, {hewing that hee could not conueniently doe kj^d the pope vrged him no fjirtber, but eatertained him with a banquet, and.fo cour- tcoufly Lib. I. ' of Hifiory, « 95 teoiifly diCmift bim. The No- bles of 1^4/7 viiderftaading-of thofe proceedings^ were vehe- mently vextjthar hee ihould fubmit himftlfcfo bafdy and ignobly to liiaijwbo by molt lewd pradlices had fct vpo-the pap3cie,who had polluted all places with blood fhed and adultery . In bim ( being the patron of I uftitGjthe Altar and 3ulwarke of lawes} they bad grounded all their hopes, and had not onely contemned the excommvinication,but alfe for his fake affronted the pope in bitter cnmitie: and now, for bim,by this.direftly the moft di/honourable of exainples,to brand the Bmpiie to' all poftc- vixy ywith this fo deepe and indelible 'miaffliqand come in fauour againe with him , the publike enemie both to Church &• Common- wealth, thus', and much mere* after this manner they chafed, and P 4 were- 3^4 "Tie Key Lib. 3. i were minded to tXtdi the Em- Iperour$ little (bnne, carry hina to %ome^mA: depofe the pope. The Emperour here with acquainted, faw no meanes I likelier to pacific thein,then by ! fleeing fiom; the league, and ioyning with tb^m; which fac^ quite contounded the popes plots, inromuch as hcc was inforced to brcake off his intended iourney into Gtrma- »y.AnA which w»s next to be oonCjby his Legates, fignifies to the princes of Germmie , how matkrs il:ood,and withal exhorts ihem to haue a care of , the Common weakh. This I was in the yeere, 1077. They therefore crcas.e doiphusyDukt q£ Sjit^U.yBm'. pei cui-, whom the Arejibilliop . o? Memz^ coiilccrates.. ,r ;Bu^; ffefiry i:et\ixnmg iiritvwixt -the the Common-wealth of the | Empire and the Papacie, and j hewing ^c^t his way with his fword, at ' length , ardues at Rome. I Now from Qmijimiftes^m-ty the Eftipeiours had the coUa- tion of Ecclefiafticall honours a«d dignities but the Popes -gnowne more 'wealthie, at lengtb greatly repined heicar.,; as^ thing vnmcet^. and from; thisfouncaine iHlie-d almoft all ; theiartes BetwijK themi-Now.' this Emperour {landing vpon •his owne right and power, a great tumnlt arofe at ^ome^iw :fo muchas the Emperour rai«- icd vp in the night , was con- ftrained to aidehisowncmen,, whefell by the^word, all the Citieouer. But thefe factious pcrfons oncefnppre/lj betakes , TafM the 1 1, and'ltrfinift ' him not till he had giuen him ' fatisfaftion by entring into -a ♦ Ieague;bat after tbeljmpfrour ] 2p8 Ihe'Key tib.( was returned into Germame, the PQpefiies off from , tfee league, whereto. 'he had fworn in moft facrcd words-, "and ex- communicates the Empcroui, .which ftirred v'p many of the Qermane Princes to rebellion , and amongft the reft , more eQ^ecially the Archbifliop of LMm^^ The Emperour mar- ' chnigdowiieinto f©nds . , his AmbaiFadoursrothePope, ! about apeace.BLit wHleftthe^ matter wes m hand, ;the Pope ! dieszTo him, GeUfita^ the H - . fucceedes. The Emperour, for that he was nor called to. the tled-ion, marches toif^m^^and : ^^ts vp anocher- Gel-afim thus j dep©{ed ^ . excommunicates; both him, asalfo the Pope by i him conftituted s and the Em- ■ perours in regard .-the Popes ^ Legates folicited the Oermanes torcuolt, was conftrained to retire home* But e?f/^y^w dy- ing in the interim, the Romans choofe Uenrj the V* CKCom. municat^/ the li.. : iiiU tf Hijloryi 3PP J chooitCitH^tMiihc II. Hee thiuft bitn out of his place, whom the Emperorin hatred to {:?e. Ernperour. To Heftry the V. Lothariw of the houfe of Saxmy ^ oi^h^ name the JI * fucceeded. Him C9urMmM^i:^t of Sutuia op. pofedj ftormingthat thrAvay of goueinmentj . wa;^ falne againeinto the Saxms hands i who marching into Itnly^. to fettle "himfclfe in that King- dome,) ^N\i\\'k.L()th(ir 'tm in the interim h^AG&mmy^z^)^ de- ftimte of aidejreturfted mHue, and made his^peace wit h the EiHperOLir* Jf7noeenj'th€ 1 1, was then pope oiRome, Him z/4nttcl€tfa reftfted : to whom> becaufe he was defctnded from noble pa- reni:agei/»»<9^^^'»? was forced to yeeld, but imploring the Em- perors aydc.was reitored^ ^' The LMharmll ■ i . 1^ 300 Thff Key Li6.5 .jjhe Emperour returnesins to Germany y wfaere hauing fet- led the afi-aires, hee marches downcsgaine into Italy, with a mighty Arna>%iLLibdue& tQine Cities then m rebdli4?n.,and amongft the reft Ancona jind ^;)c/(f^/, chafed ^o^er King of Skilie out J full a and C^^«^- /?4««4jand f as famefpeakesof him) fcaree any Emp^roi* fince Charles xht Great, atchieued more worthy^ . exploits throHghout /^^/y.k is v/ritten tliat then alfo, theciuili law which as we mentioned,^ was coUcdcd by /»)?ja>^» the Em- perors com mand, hauing beerj borne do wae by .ftormes of warre, was brought to light againe. Conradui D.of Sftema,{hccQt- ded him ; at; what lime H^nry firnamed the,Pr<«?<5f, wasDuke of Bauaria^znd, by niariage with the Empej oiu- L&tharitfs hi« daughter , 0uke of Saxony alfo : UI. 1159- anxtm: of mfiorji ioi alfo: who, affedling the Em- pire, and plotting much mif- chicfe againft the Efnperour , was profcribed and his lands giueu to others. But Duke Henry ^zmns, recoaercd .y^Ar^- «j ; as hee was raardjing into Bauaria, dyed, leaning behind him his fonnc: in fauour of whom, the S^A-fw/ rofe vp in . rebellion againfl: the Empe- rour, and not Co onely, but Welpbe al{b,brother to the de- ceafed Duke H^'^ryjby force of . Armes.G-hallenged 5i/£o"pro- cccd }02 The Key LHj.S iKonJycal. rofa. Frederic^ Barbaroffa ceed aad bold the E:nperoar in play : The King of H^nga- r'fi} too, tooke the lame courfe, Who alfo flood in fear e •f the Bmperour. \\ . At Isngth'the Emperour marching out agairft^thc Sc'.rA- ^9ns,\o9L^is army,and retiirnes home : fiom whence inten- ding to goe downeinto It^l y,; haiiiug all in readineite, dyed at Bamberg* F rederick^ ^harB ox Y\.ed-h€^rd^ Duke of Sueutaj of that name the fiifij iucceeded hira , a man of hc- roicke rpirit- He jin the begin- 'ning. of his i;aigne , made a ;peace among the Princes .of \g^ermmiey and end alt he con-, ftrouerfie about S^xo^y and Ba- ;«'«r/^,after\vards vvitb-a niaine i Army, marches'" downe into ■Jta/y^ fets amul-d vpon the \Ver9nc^s, vvhohad contem- ; ned hm^ : and for example lake hangs fome ©f the chiefe vpou gallowes. He comman- ded Lib.3, ofHiftorj, ded a Court of Guard to bee Kept about him Hcare Flacen. tia yhy ailthe Zeige-Princes of the Einpirc:bcfi€ges MUUine^ rafes Ajia , and layes Deitona leuell with the ground.Going to Kome is confecrated by A* drim the 1 1 1 1, fupprcfles the rebe^ious Citizens , fub- u€rts Spoleti.zn^ ma4ea great {laughter: fubdues the Lorn- bardes and hauing brokea the fiiarcs kid for him by the ^r- r(7» ia bs abfence had ' railed -Ibiiie coxmnotions : and after thathe made the Duke of Bo- -. in the mesne jfpace the Mil. /4«w^., Lib.a of Hiflory. 3It andiseonfccrated hy Honorius the third. Hee fubdued thofe R^bells, which werefpred all oaer /w/;^,and profciibes feme of them. Many whereof fled to %ome^ and implored the Popes aydc. This gaue occafi- onof ' great difcord, for the Emperour to®ke it moft hai- noiifly that his adueriarics fliould hauc their harbour and habitation there. The rancor raging hotter, Hee by eoulent of the Princes, alTignes his Tonne Henrj his lUcccfibur in tlie Empire j and fummons the Princes to a Diet at Cre'> mona'hut being hindered en- trance there, by the Pope, and the LomhAres fa ward on hi^^xpedition into jS/ia % But e Pope whilft : he was abfent: makes warre, • and feizes vpon tA^filia. The ; jEmperour hauing good fuc-' cefTe, rceouered many places,, and amongft the reft Hieruftk- lem X being certified of the ftatcoflr-^Z/jCOiidudiiiga ten yeares truce with theenemy, rcturiie^ with his Ai'ipy, and' jrecQHtrs his owne Goiititi ies. The Pope fortifies hiinftlf cby a new league, with thtfe No- bles of Italy ^o^ whom the Em perour had fetamiild , and then againe exeommnnicates him for entering into truce with the enemy. The Em- perour louiog quietnefle , by his Ambafladours treats for peace, which with much a doe he obtained, and ib hee retur- ned into Germany, But the Pope not able to leaue his old guife, difmantling 'L'/Vfr^f?, a- gaine cxcomumnicafes the Empcrour , who herearincen- fed beyond meafore, pofls into Italy ^in raging and wrathfull manner , and punifhes all the Rebels thoughoiit Jfetruria, Fmbria^ LurK^ardy , and the Cuntrey bordering vpon Po ; whereupon the Pope in- geminates his excommunicat li- on , and coiiioynes in league with^the VenettAns. The Em- 03 peror now* if4 The Key Lib. 5 peroiu' coafti ng tbt oiigh Italy, hauingin a oianiier reduced if all into his fubiedion, layes fiegero Rome, and not long af- ter,Pope Gregory, dyes, hauing fii ft fummoned a Councell ui' his.owne adkereats,ac ^a^en- na, whirhcr notwithftanding ' they could not haue acceffe, aii paflages being blackt vp by the Emperour, infomuch as certaine of them we're taken^ This was the Pope that patclit together the -Decretal! Epiftles, as they call them, which are a great part of the PontificiallLaWjIoaden with, multiplicity of Commenta- ries % wherein it may feeme wounderfuU, that fuch men there fhould bee that will take fo much pain es as to adhere to thofe, not oncly inconuenient, triuiall, fooli/h, but alfo ridicu- lous workcs, as faft as if they |wcre akinde of Oracle-.and jfpcnd all their labour and time ' in Lib, . Uijlory, in interpreting , e^^plaining and garni^itng them : as though th^y were hired to that end, to^efend other mens folly and erroi-,with there bell vigilancy and indnitryjand to loofe the reputation of their ovvnemodefty, in other mens impudency. That decree s which goes yndcr ^YAtUm name, m diuers places, a- mongO: other paffages , hath thefc. The Rule of the Church ot ^^i?W(?,which is the hieffed fojile S. Meters feat miift bee followed. It is not lawful! to hold a Councell without permijTion of thcBifbopof ^ow?. The Lawes of the Church . of %^ome^ arc to be obferued, as pronounced by Teters owne , mouth.' What yoke the Church of i2(7«;(?iEnpofes,though itbeiK)t tolerable, it mti ft be endured. The 3l6 T^he Key Lib.g TheMioifters of the Church ought to vow chaftity, that is they fhould not mary. It is lawfull for him , that ; hath nota wife, to haue a Con- cubine. If the.Pope bee negligent and remiffe in his ojlice, hee may hurt indeede, afwell him- felfc as others : notwithftan- ding hee cannot bee iudged by any man, becaufe hee himfelfe is to be iudge of all men. The Em^crour ought tobe ruled by, and not rule ouer the Pope, All mortall men beiides, may bee iudged by men, but the Pope, Pi-f^rj fucceffour by God alone. It is lawfull for the Pope to releafefubiedsjfrom their loy- alty and oath, whereby they are bound to tneir Prince. InGr0(5ean, or rather fincke, I meane that , part of the papall law, contain ning the fale of benefices as they cal them, and confecrated goods : for who is able to rec- kon vp their deceipts and collulionsjno not they them- felues, that haue bcene fadors many yeares together in this kind of rra?5icke,do fuilciently vnderftand and know all the trickesrwhen new ones are daily inuenred. But this ar- gument requires both another timely aiTd a booke of purpofe : •^<>w therefore let rxtLime to Lib.3 &f Htjlory [1 I As YrUerickexhtV.iri^tvoviT Co alfo Lerpu the IX. King of Vrance iiiuaded 5jr*«,and «/£- gjft with an army, who a[rer wards ° dyed at the fiege> of pr««/i City , iiUhc yeare Qfl Grace, lay©* > i , u i In his r:2dg^€yWHliam Bifliop of 'Farie rayfed a qaeftion a bout EcclefialHcall Benefices : which caufe being publikely difcuftjhisopinion tooke place that it was not lawful! for any ' man to hold more then one ; butit isfufficient to haue Ipo- ken oneiy and writ downe fuch decrees as thofe. - To Gregory, Innocent the III! fucceeded , vporrwhom, as it were by hereditary fuc^elTion theEmperours difpleafttie fell. Whereupon calling a Councell at Lyons, befummons the Em- perour, excommunicates him for not appearing, depriues him of his dignity, exhorting the Piinces of Germame , to choofc 0 Of the : pin AfCiCAi whsrc for- merly Cas lb me fay ) Carrhage 3*2 The Key Libw: manding hi* Code oneJy(jato whichis aboaefaiti the whole |lawvvas fcoRtra. ftcd) to be choofe another ; and this his decree (which amongii o- thers is in priua e) asalfo cer- taineof the Emperours Epi- ftlesjto feuerali Kings are ey- tant, wherein he demonOrates at Iarge,the Popes iniquitie, and his owne innocencie. The Einperour was niinded to goe to Lyons^xnd trie his fortunes:but a new rebcHion breaking forth throughout' /^rf/y,turnes all his forces that ^vay : where ^ good fucceffe faih'ng him, he returning, into Pml- began to languifh, grid at length died.Some fay hcc' was poifoned , others, iban- gltd by his baftard' fonne Manfred, who afterwards 113- At that time liued the fa- mous Lawier, As:.o afcer whom, the whole ftreame of writers followed, who viola- ting that Charpe and feuere- cdidl of the Emperoiir 'i Itefii- Lib.3. efHiJlory %H \ 'man, filled the world \vitb an innumerable copany of books ; from whence wfe muft now feeke thofe points.which thofe Ancients handled moft copi- ouflyand learnedly. For one man compiles ano- thers workes , fo that there is no end or meafure of writing : and all ouerfiowes in contrary opinions, in fo much as the old mans faying may properly take place here ; who hauing asked three Lawyers their ad- he, / am a great dsale further tfi feeke then hf ore, I omit the quiddilles which are daily dt- uifed in abundance- 1- for the Come?Jians fayirig falls right here : that craft flarts one wiif^ chicfe in the necke of ano- ther. CiVf'ri'compIaineSjthat mahy worthy ordinances were fetled by lawes, but thofe for the moft part were corrupted and depraued by Liiwy ef s in- \ •' iientious. 324 -The Key Libj- uentions. What if hee were now lining, atad faw thofe ?)- r^wi^/(?j-of baokes,aBid oar mo. derne gradice, and thatfacred : repofitor^ofthelawes J thus filthily polluted, and miferably contaminated ? Howbeit,as God indeed hath within our meojoryj^ brought all other Arts to light againe , fo hath hee rayfed vp many men, who) being furniilied with the help J of good learningjthinke thofe j p^ines taken in this behalfe, not to be repented of^ being to reftore this fubied moft beau- , tifiill, and altogether neceifary forthefociety of mawkinde \ yea, this gift, euen heauenly, drawne out and conuaied froni the mid-fountainesof Philofo- phyjto it's former fplendor and ecjtiity ; which their endea- uours merit not onely publike commendatiOnjbut aifo remu- neration. , After his deathjthere was a ' ■ vaca--jcy Lib. J. of Hifiory, . yacancic foralmoft aa.yeeres firll one , then another being eled^:ed, who iK>t: withftan- ding,heldnot the fvvayof go- uernement in thofe trouble- Come times.. In the meane time the.Riugdome Naples fell from the Emperour Frede- rickes houfe into the hands of the Vrencb, and afterward s Si- o'AValfo. For the Popes relied vpon the Vrench power, though foone after moft cruel! wartes infu(i;d ^bout thofe Kingdomes betwixt the houfe Q^Arragon and the houfe of Angiers in Trance , but that appcrtaines act to thisplace. When the. Common- wealth had floated in this ftatc, as aforefaid, for fo'many yeers together, Rudelfhtu Hdbs- purgh is created Emperour.He in the be^inmngo? his raigo^ appeafcd. thofe commotions feread throughout Germanise And after fome Diets ended , 3*5 A vacanci in the Enir pirc for thefpace ; of az.yccrs a^^tctF rede ric^c the ll.kis death Au-i.m s 32d The Key lib.?. Empercura daughter was liiar- ricd to King of Ottacars bnne. [ marches out z^dnik Ottdear King of Bohemia , tlicn in re- bellion, whom hee inforced to conditions of peace, which hec notwithftanding(by his wiiies inft igation) not long after, bre«kes, and marching the fe- cond time into AnfirU is flaine in battcll.Ladrflaus Cfi/fmK'mg of Hungary^ aydcd the Empe- roiir Rudolfhm* At length a peace bei^g concluded with xhtBohemians by I- marriage , the Emperour gaue (sAfiflrta , which the King of Bohemtahsid held ma- ny yeares together , to Ali^er^ \ tm his fonne and being hin- j dred by diiiers biifiaefles in 1 .(7^}w^»j, went not downe in- to /^^/f^-jUeither was hee incli- ned much that way hoWibe- uer : for it is reported of him, that hee would fomctimes merrily tell a talc of the Foxe that would not vilit the Lyon, lying connrcrfeitly ficke in a certaine ccrtaine denne, bccaufc heel was aSiigbtedwith thefoot^ ftcps of other bcafts, of which none had returned ; norwith- ftanding hcc (kputeda Gouer- nour in half ♦ in manner of Viec-Emperourtand as it is written-, confirmed the often mentioned Countxey of Fl^ minU^ 3i)dtbc£^^r^^^tothe -Church of Jl^wj^ ; When hee ; ' fawvery/maU v^ofnmoditiy.re- j iturne to bin) from thofe pans: I JFor the Eixipei"OLirs wearied ; with perpetuall diflention ^nd variance «h the Popes , :.he-i came moreremil^S: would the Popes euer bee at; qaiet, tiil they b^iremOued; them forth of the Goafts of . Ita/.y^ ; and therefore in a man- j ner feeltering theinfclues, vn- j der the wings of the French | Kings, and foftering their fe- | aionsby theBilhopsof Gcr- J mmie^ at length effeaedtheir owne wi&eddcfirese , 3j8 TheKey iM.^ r .. - .. - . , • But here by the way let vs j call to minde the interchange- j able courfe of ftates J w hea as they ( who were fecure, had their being 3 and h^d their plate and dignity by fauour of the Emperours) were inri- ched by their goods and libe- ralities, both arrogated domi- nions ouer them, and alfode-' irauded them- of there patri- . mony . For they keeps to them- felues, not onely a good part I of Italy ^ bat haae alfo ftridly j obliged the Kings of Sicily and • Naphs.to their p^ty: which two Kings, both pay "them yearely tributc,and alfo are for* bidden to vndertake the impe- rial! dignity with out their pcr- miffion,aad when they rccciu e poffelTion from them, amongft , othercla^ks j t^atisone part of their oath. . - That memorable maliacre I of the frefinhiy- throughout { \ Sicine , hapned in Rudolph tis | ' the' the Eoiperours time. For they being in pofleilion of that CountryjWhere after fouldiers fafliion, playing many inlblent and ontiagious prankesjwere by fecret confpiracy, after a fignc giuen , all put to the fword,wh«n theBell rungro e- uening prayers. This MalTacre is commonly callodthe Sicili^ »/>«. When the Cai'dinals requi- red the oath of hid, wbicli ^theyfaid was to beegiucn t© die Pope;; heercfufedit, and would Hothaueany fuchkind of oath, to be thereby bound to the Pope: vpoa notice here .of, the Pope; toinlarge his owne power , expound^ that genei'ijyijllbrme of thje oath at large, 14 the Key Xib.j, iTh€ knightf ® cbc Tem- pi e fup- preft krge , apd annexed it totiit relT of his decreed now extant. For he himfeife alfo preferred many" lawes, which retaine their same from him ^ and ate jcallcd t\\& (Clementines, . ' Now alfo thofe Knights cal- led the Temflcrs , being very puifTant, were by the fame vi- oieace put to death , and made , away in diueri' pl^ce^ Fhilif \ the Faire, King France ^hf. /the Pope permifflons feized vpona^rcat ^srt of thdr Re« uenue.s. Soone afters the tiame end memorie of them was • condielnne'd : and by the ■?^^^^T«iiatiorisi-l'Syflod; at Vi- tt/Hd^ thdt ' Jands- ' vrixt ^giben to ihoTe-,' calle^-thfe Ks:^ghts of the KhoMsv i^t'this tink alio . / the Vniuei^tie of C)r/?^»j was Konk fo*.dcd by King Pto/ip, and with a cup Pope (^Lemenn aiithorit ie. Af- of Wincinl tei- the Etnpcrour.iFf/3 de* Jc^,^'^'\;fce^fe and buriaU^f f iAi b^-^ f^gjjoifoiieda's'4civaS'!ftfOngly rufpe- f He was miuuon. I Iib.5. ofBiprj. 534 fufpeaed-.there followed moll bitter contentions about the eleaion : for Frederick^ Arch- duke of ^uflria the Emperoiir ^^\'^ts fonne , an^ le-^i, Duke of- 5/«t-i; and Bng, \ When Chrhs the Faije, i l^ingot Franc i; ^ dying With- Out iliue" male, which was in the ycere, uij.SdrvMrd king of fndand^ - of that name the HI. uemg fonne to Ifahei^^ Kmo Charles his filler, chal- lenged the Kihgdome as due to him j but the Eftates of ^ Yrance , which are called the Teeres, fet the Crownc vpon i'/i';7i/>[ofV^/w:cozengermane to the ; deceafed King [harles excluding not oniely King Ed- ■(vard the lifters fonne, but aifo Sj King ! Key r he Lib. 5. King Charles his p.oftham^'- daughter ; alledging , that the inheritance of that . kingdonie did in no wire appertaine to daughters : liereupon infiied tliat bloody wane fearce yet quenched; . cW/«tbe The beginning oftheEm- nil. 1349J perour Charles the HIT. his ^ji'^t^T. raisne was troublefome, and the Imperiall dignitie wasof- frcd to Edward rhe third King of England: but bee, as it waa reported refufcd it, being hin- dered by the French "\?/ars. After the q'lcnchinE^oFrLUi- dry coaibLiuioi^.s in Gcrtrumy^ the Binperour Charles goes d C'vvne into Udy^ and by con- fcKt of Pops Innocent^ the VI. then being in Fr^nccy'is crow- ned at %cm:^ by fome Cardi- nals^, vpon condition not to ftay any longer, ciib.er at Rome^ or in hahe, >ke rcturncs to Millahe ^ and,gj antcd theof- iTceofpei-pccuailVice. Empe- roiir yub. roue for Lombardicy to tlie houfe of the yifcomts-, who • then bore great fway in Mil- ■ Uine ; inrefped of vvhieh ho- nour, thpy gaue him an huge' mafle of money , and not they onely," but others alio vpon whom hee had beflovved iiny thing : which ad; mnch exte- nuated the Emperoms autho- rity in tliat Counntry. After hi s returne our of Ita" % hee{ammoned a Diet of Princes, and tUere preferred that docree of the Empire, cal- led the ^Golden hnll : laftly, he affignes his fonne fVenceflaus his ilicceflbr in the JEmpire; which, as it is writen , he pro cored with great dulicultie, though with large rewards ; and not long after died* In hisraigne, lohn King of Vrance 'Philip o[F^a/cts his fonne, together Avith his yon- geftfoni^e Pli/tp , afterwards E>uke^ of BurgHPidie , iirnamed S4 the ning the lawes and' ritcf to be- obfemcd inthecJe- ftiono^ihe Erap : as alfo the, dignkic and oHice of each E- icftor,anvkQ of Lithuania or Luten^ was>af- ter King £,£'Ti'?i' his death, crc. ated King of ^olonia^ by coii- feat of the Nobles : This King was great Grand-father to St" gifmund , the inoderue King there, and was the firft that rc- ceiucd Bapiifme, changing his name to P^Udtflms^ Sigifmnnd King of Bunga- r/Vwas ouerthrOwne in battell at Nicofolu by 5<3/^z^f/-Empe- rour of theTurkes,the third of the kalends of O^oier Charles the V I . King of France , fenr a goodly troope of horfe for aydinto Hungary , vndcrcon- ■Aixdi o? lobn ^ f onn e c f Phtli^ \ the bold Duke of Bwgmdy^ which lohn was taken in that , battell,and carried prifoner to ' the Turk e, where hee ftood at ' the next doore to death , but ';yet efcaped, which as ( the 'French Writers relate) happc- S 5 ncd 344 The Key.. Lib.; ■Ined thus: There was a certaine Phiiiognofixer ( one ; of "that packe that proFeffe to know the diipofitions and natures of I men,by their bod}veyeSjCOiin- j tenance an dface}fam'iii3r with, j B aU^et ;\vho viewing the pri- foner , willed and perfwaded the Emperour to difmiffe him in fafety. For hee fliould bee -the man, that alt:er his ret wnc home, fliould kindle a moft violent combuftion , which iliould jfet a good part, eyther ■ 'oEE/iropfff orof the Chriflian. , worJdjOne fire. Vpon this per- fwafion, theTurke difmife him^and the reft of the Nobi- lity , that were prifoners after they hadpayd 20000. crpwnes for their ranfome. ^ j Aft;er his returne into Frrf«rhe head-fpring of the warre betwixt thofe two houfes , which hath fo often broke forth eiier, fi^ce that time, rill within our memorf . Wencejlam.hy reafoa of his negligence growne into con- tempt : the Princes depriue him of the gouernment, and e- ledl T\0ben Dukcof Bauaria, Count ValAtine. He prefently applied himfelfe about refor- mation of WencejldUt\{\s mif- gouernment : and would not rati fie the grant made by him to /o/f»G?^/,?^,bat contriued a new , how to reduce lemhar- ^ into the imperial] domini- ons: for which,and other fuch hkecaufcs, marching downe into Italy ^ the fayd GaU^ bin- clercd lib. 3. dercd^and I'epelled him. Tl)e State of Italy , was in thpfe times very troubIdb)nejChief- ly by the Emperoar Charles ■■ and Wencefims their default, being too indulgent Oner that Nation ; for oucr and befides Galeas lately jnade - Duke of MilUine s The Venetians ^ Vh- rent 'mes^ and G'enowaies n^ade • warre vpon their neighbours : and all right was fway ed by the fwcrd and violence. Futher- more byr^afonof the Popes continuall abfence , notliiRg . bat facVions, and chofe dange- rous ones vfwarmed at Rome. Then alfo^^/if^ Duke of ; iMillaiMe made warre vpen [th^TlorentineSyV^hotO woi-ke their owne reuenge foHcited the Emperour by large proffers to march downe againe into /w//: but when the Emperour ■ was come to Padua , Hee ( at likewife. hated Gakm^ and with- 548 like Key Lib, 5 withall perceiuing that their prouifion was not anfwerable to their great proiniCesJretires into Germanie , cafting off all cai'e of /ifr^jwhore cfta re after wards grew more wcake , by its owne ciuill broyles. Tothe Emperour RoBerty SigifmunA the Empcrour Wen- cefians his brother King of Hungary-%jiCCQ.Qds 3ti his rims- there were three Popes, lohn the XXX in. Gregory the XII. and Benedilt iht X 1 1 J. infomuchas by their fadions, almo'ft alitheprouinces of E» rope,-wtrt 2Lt oddes. For there was not one publike Counceli arany time fince Inmceat the 1 1 1, as their bookes teilifie, being 100* yeares, and the ftate of theCleargy was moft corrupt,a kindc ot bottomlefle fincke of vices and malady, flailing made an inund^ion^ whicbin a manner fcorned to bee ftopped. For Boniface the VIII. Iib.5, of Hijiory. 549 VI 1 1, was Pope in the inte- rim, who took& vpoii , him both the Papall and imperiall authoiity... Then the next af- ter him, ClcmeHt the V . of B ardeafix Phtlif the Faire the French Kings requeft ( forfaking Rome) 1 emoued his Court into fr/«;2(r^ ; and after his death the Cardinals falling into lliarp dilfentions ^mongll themfelues., made a vacancy, fotfome yeares : bat at length hhn the XXII. of ^qui' taine , was created Pope at Lyons* The fifth Pope after, him, which was Gr«'^o>7 the XI . ( whtnrhe Popes had kept their Court in France. . then for 71. yeares. together ) rcturnes to:^ afterwards 'Dukes, how mife- rably was it rent to peeces, and euer iince that time howiittle did k45enefic vs ror;oar, Em- ;8 ., Key Lib.?: Empeiours negkding it in time of rhe warres there , the hoLife of rhe S fort la's difpo- feilfing the Yicomts^ feized^ L vpon it whom afterwards LnviiStXit^lldind Francis the ' X.Kings of France^ excluded; the lattcfr whereof held it for fixe yeeres, till the Emperour ^ C/^^zr/^-i the V.rccouered it. Thus you fee, no reuenues come from any part Italy , for they neither repairc to our I Diets, not contribure any j thing at all toany publike vfe 1 or neceffirie, but what they j doe voluntarily, or in fauour I to the tmperour : onely Ger- j many remaincs, which alwaics I repugned the Romans Empire, I fcarceeuer free from rebellion^ i as before appears,till at length I it was gathered togethsr'by . i the Emperour Charles "the i Great , and reduced into one I body : after which time, when I the power of eMing the Em- 1 perours Lib. 3- ^of Hifivrj, peroursjwas committed tothe» Itauen Elcaors, as we haue for* \ merly flic wed, it became the Eraperours Co.irt and Manfi- on place. And here too wee mult confMer, with what^dif- {icultie this little diaiinitiue bjdy of the Empire, congea- l^d inGertname could incor- porateit feiFcfor v/hen were we euerfree from iarrcs and ciuill broiles ? So now what foeuer goesvndcr the name of the Empire,is included wirhin the bound-s of Germany ^^ot all for- raigne p'.acevS;^ andthofe wirh out the compare thereof, are fallen away, Howbeit we fee there are many , euen within thofe fmail compafi: limits, that fiie backe, and as mnch as they can, withdraw tbemfekie? and their countries fore h of cheiu- rifdi(5lion-of the 'Empire. I pa{le ouer in flieace thofe 1 neighbourifig Kings and c- j 'The Key Lib. 3 catch e^fnatch away, as much as thty . caa from this feeble I . and faplefie little body, which } fcarce cleaues to the bones : i ftriuing to bring that into I their owne dominions, which -belonged to the Common wealth. But to come to an end in Tome time, let vslend our at- j tention to Dt^tmels prophecie, j concerning all that is fpoken. , we haue treated of the Image that NabnchodoHosuar faw in ;his dreame, whereto wee will ' returne againe;but in the inte- tim,take a view of(ome other- places. In his VI I.Chap.he de- fcribes*the foure beafts,which » in a dream he (aw comming out of the Sea : A L yon , a Beare, a .Leopard, and the, fourth and laft, he faies, was terrible and dreadful! to behold. The Ly- on fignilies the kingdome of jlffjria^vhc two wings which ihe had, arc as it were the two mem- Lib. J, of Bijiery, jd'l i members of that Empire, Ion and ^fjria. By the Bcarc is vnder flood the kingdome o£ per/ta, by which Bai^jlon ' was conquered :the three ribs which hee faiesAvere in his mouth betwixt his teeth, arc the three chieFe Kings of that Monarchie, Cyms. Darius and Artaxerxes, who were more famous then the reft,and eate much fiefii as he fpeakes^that iS; brought many nations in- to their iubiedion. The Leopard is AUxatider the GreatjOr the Greeke Em- pire-his foure wings &heads, are the foure kingdomcs which rife out of that Monar- chy, after Alexanders deaths The fourth andlaft Beaft is the RomaKe Empire : the tenne homes are his members or prouinces.fuch as were Syua^ ^gyp AJta, Greece ny^ffriche^ Spawe, Gallia^ Italy , Gcrma- nie^ Brittai»e -Abr all thofe T 2 they The Key lib. they held* Now a ce: taine little.horne^ grew VP. and fliot; forth a- mongft the tfnne homes; whA piackt away three, homes from thofe ten. .'This I notifies the kingdome of^^ " ^ow^fortheTurke, which fromafmall beginmag, bud- din*^ forth ofthe Komatie Mo-, nar^hvjfeized.vpon thrcc'Oi the ch iefeft parts thereoi, E- ^ypt, AjU.gind (jr?^rci»/f/ deferibes the Ramme and the Goat, which the Angel! afterwards plaine- ly interprets, faying, the Ram with two hornesjbctokens the Kings of the and Per/i- a»s:^nd the Goatjthe Creeke Empire, and the great hornc in his forehead, the firft king ofthat Empire:and that fourc T 5 homes * 7hc Key horncs fucceeded after that home was biGkeiijit fignifies faith he,that foure kingdooies? • ftiall rife out of that Empire, but not to bee compared to ~ that firft Kiiig for ftrength andpuiffance. Here we may fee how pro- perly and infallibly the pro- phet ^<«»*Wpor£raies AUxm" ' der the Great, two hundred yetres and more before his raigne. Foritflsall fofall our, . faith hce, that the Goat fhall not touch the earth* that is, he •flionld runne oner nis warres with exceeding celeritie, and no man fhould be able to deli, uer the Ramme out of his hand: for Alexander raigned OHely twelae yeereSjin which VmlQ inch of nme,hee almoft fubdued all Afta^zs wee haue aboue fhewed. And tkough the Medes and -per funs were of incredible ftrength, yet in | three fet battels, Darius u^as I oucf-/ II tm. „ . mm of Hiliory, ouerthrownejand loft his jiFe ! and his Empire both % once. Many write, that when jihxander CTiUnt^tO lernfalemy the High-prieft read that 3lace of Daniel to hi m, which - exceedingly rdoyccd him. Againe, that another home CKould rife from amongil thofe foure hornes,at firft but fmallibut afterwards very pd* ; werfull, which fliould grie-i iioufly oppreffeihe Sanfluary: hereby faith hec, hec foretells thofe moft bitter perfecutions- which the \ewes ftiouid fuffcr vndcr Alefcmder the Great his fuccefTorSjthe Kings o£ E^pt and Sjr//*, betwixt whom the Country of W(?^]ies:For the lewes hmc felt that borne which rofe out of the foure horncs,in Antiochtis Epipha- ] nes King of that moft cruell deftroier. Hither alfo,we imuft apply the eleuenth chapter, wberc- T4 in ... X r he Key lib.^, in hce fpeakes agaiae.of jihx- W^r the Great, ancJ fo copi- oufly and properly, that it may rather fceme an Hiftory^then a Prephefie. Butnow^gamc kt vs rcturhc to NAhtichodonQx^oYs Imag^, whereof, vpon occafion wee ipoke inourfirft boeke j asfor the interpretation thereof, concerning the three iirft Mo- narchies , I will ; nop repeat ir, becaufe it is both per- rpicuoi;s,asairoJnade gQod by the times theijifelu*, onely v/e will fpeake fomething of the fourth , becaufe it both properly appertaines vnto vs, who Hue in it, and is more ex- af^Iy defcribed by i?4«*V/: h phill h ofiroa^ faith he , Tphicb Pinllbreakein peea/ind bring all therejlofthe M9nArchksin fubieBion to it : there needs not , jntfjy words in explanation, j h^^reofj for the matter it fejfe fpaakes, and it manifeflly ap- 1 peares | Lib.?. of HiJ}orj, peares out of the hiftone of t tbofe M6narcbs which wee haile reckoned vp. But the Images feet , and the toes of the teet,arcpartof iron, part of pottei-s clay. As the foot of a mans body is di- mmed intotocs/o the^(?w^w Empire, after it hath for a while continued ft rong, being ; flipporred by iron fcgges, and | incircled the' Whole woiid in j its circumference; fliail fal] | into tees, and that maiTie body fliall bediflblued. This alfo is plainely effect" ed; aad needs no explication: for at this day, what is more d;uided theli the body of that raoft fj^acious Empire ? And though'the cafe thus ftand, yet becaufe the folc of the foot is of iron, the foundation iliall remaine, and rhall neuer bee extinguillicd, but the reliques, title, and d;g- mtie thereof fhallendiite tjil. Chrift aL his comming fliaH kt Tj a 68 IheKey Lib.g ipniod to all hamane things, JLit it is cleai-e as noone day , and beyond all doubt, that it.is now at the lowed ebbc . That goodly tree is fallen , but the root ftickes faft , and remaines yet , no?- hauing any fappe , and therefore viable to grow vp , and increafe againe ; but quite dead and withered , yet no force oFman ihall bee 5 . able vLterly to extirpate this i-oote and foot . foaleof iron nature, but it Jlial] flicke faft, grounded in the earth, till the who;e world iliall be deftroi- ad • Hereof alfo wee haue had- ejfperience. for many haue of- ten attempted the fubuerfion of this fmall and (lender parcel ofthe Empire, as the Pope of RerKe^ and laftly the Turkes : who : though they haue done great matters, andit may bee promife greater to thcmfelues yet they ^^all not make vp fiicha maffie bodie ^ as may hold Lib.3. ofliifiory. bold cojnpaiifon w ich the pu- iflanceof the neither flaallthey fubuert this feed- plot ofthe Empire which re- raaiaestlwughit be both dric and withered : nor can any fifr Monarchic be raiCed. Though Germany onely hath the title andpoflelTion of the Empire, .^ec if it would ioyne hearts and- hands, it might eafil y expel! ail torraign foi-ces^as Ui'any be prooucd p man^- arguments. . The Turkes of late yeetes haue runne in very farrc on; vs,and after the winning oi ^BoT^horos l - m Mogasjm m -Xhr/ice, raged vp anddowne farre and wide in Barqe whofe lEfrritories arc nowdi- redly Wdcring vpon Germa- ay, which feemes expcfed to thtgreatcft danger,- ?^, alio Italy, by reafon ofthe.neare- neffe.Butifweelooke a little nearer into Daniel, it is to bee hoped, The fircight vvherupon no,j>!e ftanfi jn that par diuiding bring not rbcuc] 7 rr.iicjs broad. The Key Lib. 3 hoped, that their power and gieatneffe is now at its full height. For giues. them onely three , homes , as wee haiie before recited , which tfeeynowhaue, being firft of all made Lords of all Afta, then oiCreece and Vnder the name of Greece, may. be corri- prehended ail thofe Countries almoft as farrc'as ScUnonU or Wendenland. And though at thisprefent they arc in pofTef- fionofagoodp^rt ol Hunga- rte^ and be it granted, that fo It may fall our, a$ they may in- fect GermaHie, or other adia- ccnt Countries : yet beca«fe their dosiinions muft be con- fined to cmaine bounds^ and muft not extend m ' <:ompari- fonwith thtRomane^f^tmck as wehaue formerly /hewed !• It IS credible that thofc pro- uinces (hzW not fall into their .ubiejaion, as ihofe three are at this day', greece E^jpt, ardJ iirfitfif I of Hffiory They [hull mAks VfurrB mth the Saints and rAie with extre- mitte ofcraeltie^againjlthe Pro* fgforsof the name efChriJi^aad ibis their furie feall endnre till the end of the rperU as Daniel clearly teftifies. And this is the maine caufe qf his Prophecie, that wee being hereby acimo- niftied and atetainedof /the cahmi ties and mireries of the laft daies*fhouId not bee dele- ft cd in minde, but looke fora freedomeby the .cpmmirrg of Chrift our.Saniour : who will, prcfently, as hee ■ hirafeirc fpeakes, take off thefe affii^^:i- "ons,and tranfport b'S feruants into,a firtne and peaceable Na- tion, and wipe alfeares from their eies - Certaine places in,. 2>^»iV/ doe properly appertaine to the , fwherein their deliue- rance from captiuirie is fore told, and lik-tjvi^c thtxerraine time 571 Thef->. Ihe Key Lib.^ time ( which is there fet down and exprefTed) of the comining of the Mcflias promifed to the Fathers. The reft of his Pro- phecies belong to the worlds lafiageof all, and to thoft; that iliall then line : when alfo that little home, ciW^-. hornets pofteritie , iliali make vvarre with the Saints : and when that ' man of fmne and tvickedneffe [hull bee reitealed and difclofed',w.ho/its in the Temple of Cod, vmming himfelfe as though he were Gad\ fotDamel aHb^prefigjaified his tyrannies , as Pafilm his Epi- ; ftlesexprefly interprets. ' Sathan, whom Chrfft him- felfe cals the Prince of this world, who at all time elfe, butefpeeiaHy in thelaftageof this fading world, /liall rage fhoft of alj, letting loofe the rainesofall his wrarhandfu- rie,andfhallf!:irie vp enemies againd Chrift- who fiiall not onelj^ lib.g. efHifiory, onely tyrannize by force of Annes , but alfo by falfe do- dlrine feduce men into de ceit and errour , infomuch that the very eled £hall fcarceef- cape their fnares Surely this is the very time, which Daniel in his twelfth chapter points at : being fo full I fraught with.aff4i(5li©n andca- lamitie.as neuer was before, or euer {hall be hereafter, For he promifes vs no ioy, but de- nounces moft cruell perfecuti- ons,whenhe faies,that thofe calamities which hee fpeakes ofjfhall indure tii the fcattering oftheperver oftheholji people hee Aceomplijk^d, Therefore Gods feruants fliall bee perfecuted all the world ouer , and the godly {hallbeiifflidlediridiuers pla- ces, -till the end of the world wMeh teftimon y of the Pro- pher/,or rather of - the Angel!, ber^AWes vs. of all hoptu^f rc- conciliation- 7' i Dani air; 374 IheKey Lib.3. r. — — ■ conciliation and aggregation. Foi- he Ipeakes oP a perpetual! fcartering and dilTipation ; and after that diffentions haue ;arifen about doi^rine and Re- Jigion,then at length he men- tron§i the end, when CHRIST himfe'fe iliall appcare." But to cotnfort^cheare vp,anc fufkinetbofc'tbac MI then 'line, prefently after thofemi- feries , he places the refurrec- tien of the dead , which that wemay ftnde toour ioy and coiiifort , wee ought with fcrnent prayers to befcech God, And Chrift himfeife warrants vs for the credence wee Ought to giue to Dantel, r.t4 "^^^^ ^'^ ^^^^ Term on rehearfes a ! J place taken out from thence, and commends it to his ■ Audi- tors. ^ Thus therefere, thefe our times, being the moft mifera- ble, we ought ccnfiderately to ponderate and diligently look ' i:ro lib.:* ofUificrj, 37S into tlii$ prophet, who prea- ches to vs now adingthelaft fcenevponthis worlds ftagc- ^hat we may fortifieour felues botli in time of thifc prcfcnt affiiaions, as alfo againft all imminent ftbrmes and tem- pefls, with true and afibrcd confolation/as^witb accrtaine raiwpire atad bulwarke* The names of thofe Kings of t^^m from AfcAtadci to Sarddm^Alm. which s^eidun meatioQs in* the beginning of his firftBookcjbut I names thcos Belochm* BeHopares, Lmprides. Lmparesl Pannias, Sofamus, lib.3* cfBiftorj- Tmtannes. Teutm, Dcrlii*s* Lacflhenes. pirithidicu* Afira^iapes,. :-f, u i. r }