South America 
 Mission 
 
 METHODIST EPISCOPAL 
 CHURCH 
 
 Uainaf 
 
Digitized by the Internet Archive 
 in 2017 with funding from 
 Columbia University Libraries 
 
 https://archive.org/details/aroundacrosssoutOOcarr_0 
 
H. K. CARROLL, LL.D. 
 

 Around and Across 
 South America 
 
 Viewing the 
 
 Mission of the Methodist Episcopal 
 Church 
 
 By 
 
 H. K. CARROLL, LI,.D. 
 
 First Assistant Corresponding Secretary 
 
 THE MISSIONARY SOCIETY 
 OF THE METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH 
 
 OPEN DOOR EMERGENCY COMMISSION 
 150 Fifth Avenue, New York 
 
 PRICE, TEN CENTS 
 
Edited by 
 
 CHARLES H. MORGAN 
 
AROUND AND ACROSS 
 SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 THE TOUR IN OUTLINE 
 
 tour and observations, account of which 
 given in the following pages, were under- 
 ken in response to the instructions of the 
 jard of Managers of the Missionary Society 
 the Methodist Episcopal Church to make 
 a thorough inspection of its mission fields in 
 South Ame-iica, The time was opportune. South America, 
 next to Africa the earliest field of missionary operations by 
 our church, was entered in 1836. The years of comparatively 
 slow development permitted in 1893 the organization 
 Time of all our work on the continent as the South Amer- 
 
 Opportune ica Conference. In 1897 the portion on the Pacific 
 coast was given separate organization. But by the 
 General Conference of 1904 the field was reorganized, so that 
 the South America Conference should include the republics 
 of Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay, and Brazil ; the Andes 
 Conference, the republics of Chile and Bolivia; and the North 
 Andes Mission, the northern part of the continent. Bishop 
 Thomas B. Neely also became the first resident bishop, and 
 it was in company with him in his entrance upon his work 
 in South America and presidency at the sessions of the Mission 
 and two Conferences named that my tour of inspection was 
 made. 
 
 I left New York December 28, 1904, with Bishop and 
 Mrs. Neely and their niece, by the steamer Seguranca, and 
 after an uneventful voyage of seven days landed at Colon 
 
 5 
 
January 4, 190.5. I visited the Isthmus of Panama and 
 studied conditions along the line of the canal, with the view 
 to the establishment of missions in the new repul)lic; spent 
 some days in Lima and Callao, attending the first 
 Stages of annual meeting of North Andes ^Mission and inspect- 
 
 Tour ing our work in Peru; attended the first meeting of 
 
 Andes Conference at Coquimbo, Chile, and visited 
 other points in that republic, including Iquique, Antofaga.sta, 
 Serena, Valparaiso, Santiago, Concepcion, Temuco, and Vic- 
 
 CASCADnS, CHAGRES RIVER, I'AXAMA 
 
 toria, and inspected our church and school properties. My 
 tour of the West Coast completed, I crossed the Andes, start- 
 ing from Santiago, and visited Mendoza, Mercedes, Buenos 
 Ayres, La Plata, Lomas, and Rosario, in Argentina, and 
 Montevideo, in Uruguay, where the South America Confer- 
 ence met in annual session March 22. From Montevideo 
 the return voyage was by steamer to Rio Janeiro, where 
 G 
 
SOUTH AMERICA — ROUTE OF OR. CARROLL 
 
lour days were spent, and direct from Rio Janeiro, by the 
 steamer Byron, reaching New York April 19, 1905. The tour 
 occupied nearly four months, or, more exactly one hundred 
 and twelve days, of which fifty-two were spent at sea. In all 
 I traveled about 15,000 miles. The ocean voyage was free 
 from storms and high winds, and my journe 3 's on land were 
 marred by no accidents, illness, or disagreeable occurrences. 
 
 MEN AND THINGS ON THE ISTHMUS 
 
 The isthmus is not particularly picturesque. I, oft}" hills 
 lie to the north and the south of the Canal Zone and at the 
 Pacific entrance, with one, Culebra, about three hundred feet 
 high in the path of the canal. Where the railroad crosses, 
 following the course of the canal, the country lies low. 
 Isthmus mostly, and much of it is swampy. The cocoanut 
 Described and other palms flourish, and the banana greedily 
 drinks in the moisture and glories in the heat. It 
 would seem that sugar cane, cacao, and other tropical pro- 
 ductions would flourish if enterprising men would give them 
 the chance. 
 
 The railroad is a little less than forty-eight miles in length. 
 It is said to have cost an immense sum when it was built, 
 some fifty years ago, largely by American capital. It is a 
 single-track road, five feet gauge, with first-class and second- 
 class cars. The best trains make the trip from ocean 
 Railroad to ocean in about two hours. It has been a paying in- 
 vestment from the beginning. The employees, except 
 conductors and engineers, are colored men, largely from Ja- 
 maica. Great numbers of these West Indian negroes are on 
 the isthmus, and they form two thirds or more of the popu- 
 lation of Colon. They generally speak English. 
 Nation’s Recent It is wonderful how Uncle Sam is spreading 
 Record himself in these recent years, and how well known 
 
 he is in the wide, wide world. Here he is in the 
 Isthmus of Panama, two thousand miles south of Chicago, 
 running a railroad, digging a canal, and caring for 
 the health of Panamanians. You see his flag on one 
 of his war vessels when you disembark at Colon ; you see 
 
 8 
 
it in tlie Canal Zone, ten miles wide, as yon cross tlie isthmus, 
 and you see it on another war vessel in the Pacific as you 
 leave Panama. And the finest building in Panama is not 
 the cathedral, nor the palace of the president of 
 The Governor the repul)lic, but the big four-story, clean-looking 
 General edifice occupied by General Davis and other offi- 
 
 cers of the canal. It is something in tliese days 
 to be one of Uncle Sam’s numerous children. 
 
 But is it not strange that the United States should begin 
 the greate.st undertaking of modern times Iry making war on 
 
 HOSITI AL .-vr COLON 
 
 moscpiitoes? AA'hen the I.sthmian Railroad was built, more 
 than half a century ago, there was a frigid ful loss of human 
 life. The sacrifice, it is commonly said, was a man for every 
 railroad tie. While it is true the French Canal Coin- 
 War on pany did not fight the mosquitoes, they did make 
 
 M osquitoes generous provision for the health of their employees. 
 
 We want to guard against malaria and pernicious 
 fevers, and especially again.st the dread scourge, yellow fever. 
 Bacteriological research has shown that the cause of these 
 diseases is a minute germ, a bacillus, and these bacilli are 
 
 9 
 
curried about by a I'einale inos(juito of the genus known as 
 “ anoplieles.” W'e are making war on the mosfiuito, and 
 taking sanitary measures to make the istlimus a healthy 
 place to live and work, and put an end to Yellow Jack.” 
 This is according to the latest science, and it not only has the 
 support of a sound pliilosophy, but is grandly philanthropic 
 
 Cn.KBR.C CCT, T>AN.\.MA CANAL 
 Old Freiu li at work 
 
 Uncle Sam is trying to inculcate cleanliness. Every 
 passenger receives a circular advising certain precautions foi’ 
 the preservation of the health, one of which is always 
 Physical and to sleep under a mosquito canopy, which the hotels 
 
 Moral Clean- provide for every bed. The governor of the Canal 
 
 liness Zone is also solicitous for the morals of the Zone, 
 
 anti has forbidden the sale of tickets of the Panama 
 
 lottery therein. The lottery company, which has its office 
 in the episcopal palace building, contends that the treaty 
 
 to 
 
gives tlie goveriHjr no autliority to prohil.)it the sale of its 
 tickets, but the United States jiuige here has decided that 
 it does, and an appeal to the United States Supreme Court has 
 resulted in sustaining his decision. Isn’t it fine to belong to 
 a nation which believes that cleanliness is akin to godliness, 
 and that morality partakes of godliness? 
 
 But some one will ask: “ Isn’t the United States doing any- 
 thing but ‘cleaning up’ the zone? Isn’t it doing any digging?” 
 Well, yes. I was pri\-ileged with Bishop Neely to have an 
 invitation, with the memlrers of the Pan-American 
 Powerful Medical Congress, meeting early in ,Ianuary, in Pan- 
 Machines ania, to go on an excursion to the ileep cut at Cule- 
 
 at Work lira, about half an hour’s ride l)y train from Panama. 
 
 'We watched a dredge operating on one of the slojies, 
 smoothing them off rapidly, and loading the clay in cars. But 
 wliat most of the company were specially intere.sted in was an 
 American machine loading broken rocks, and they could not 
 withhold hearty applause at some of the wonderful feats of 
 the powerful machine. After it was announced that twenty 
 of these dredges had been ordered, a doctor of the party 
 said: “I have been skeptical as to this canal, but I am so 
 no longer. I believe it will be built.” 
 
 The canal will be much larger than the French jilan called 
 for. It will have thirty-five feet of water iirstead of twenty- 
 nine. It will be one hundred and fifty feet wide at the 
 bottom instead of seventy-five, and the sides will proli- 
 Features alily be built of ma.sonry. It will cost hundreds of 
 of Canal millions, Imt it will pay, and it will be a great boon to 
 floating commerce. 
 
 Colon lies low and is wet and warm ; Panama is cquallv 
 hot, but the climate is drier and free from the heavy .storms 
 which break occasionally on the Atlantic side. Pan- 
 Isthmian ama is a typical Spanish-American city. Its streets 
 Cities and are narrow, uneven, and dusty ; its buildings of a 
 People uniform .shape, order, and color; its plazas well kept, 
 with plants and royal ]ialms offering bright oases of 
 green in the desert of brick and mortar ; its population 
 more cosmopolitan than one would expect. English is as 
 
 11 
 
coniinon as tlie S])anisli. The Tanania Herald is bilingual. 
 Hut tliougli clerks and caliiiuai ahuo.st invariably speak the 
 tongue ol' tlie Americans and many citizens of the United 
 States are residents here, the American s])irit is lacking. There 
 is no enterprise, no progre.ssiveness. The people are willing 
 
 Tim ('.\Tm:i)ii.\i., 
 
 enougli to have prosperity, but somebody else mu.st Iiring it. 
 Tliey are keen to jirofit by the increased demand for prop- 
 erty, which is scarce ; but they will hohl on to ecclesiastical 
 and other ruins, as they have ilone for half a century or more, 
 and ask exorbitant jirices for them, in.steail of rebuilding 
 
them and offering them for rent or for sale. . They had a 
 tramway in Panama, but they got rid of it, and take cabs 
 over the coljblestone streets to the depot and pay fifty cents 
 native money, when they miglit ride smoothly and cheaply 
 in a trolley. Part of the track .still remains. An.ericans must 
 come to the isthmus and teach these easy-going jieople how 
 to mend their ways, so that the stay of the tr.-n'eler in Panama 
 will l)e less of a horror and more of a pleasure. 
 
 The Panamanians also need to learn better ways in morals 
 ami religion. On the west sitle of the chief plaza .stamls the 
 cathedral; on the north side is the palace of the bishop. 
 Under the epi.sco])al residence is the Panama lottery. 
 Lax Everyliody patronizes it, and the church, I am told. 
 
 Morals profits by the business. The jiriests arc well-dressed, 
 fine-looking men, dignified in bearing, and in ajipearance 
 more intellectual than those of the W'est Indies; but in mor- 
 als they are said to be far below grade. The assistant to 
 the bishop lives openly, a respectable, and intelligent resident 
 told me, witli the woman who has liorne children to him. 
 What of the influence of the church wlien its priests set such 
 examples? 
 
 The week spent on the Isthmus of Panama was chiefly 
 occupied with ascertaining what oiiportunities there might be 
 for missionary work there. Ur. I\'ood had been in the city 
 of Panama for many weeks, and gave us much 
 Missionary help in our search for property. The chief places 
 Opportunities along the line of the canal are the city of Panama, 
 on the Pacific, ju.st outside the Canal Zone; Colon, 
 on the Atlantic; Culebra, where the deeji cut in the canal is 
 to be made, and wliere four hundred or five hundred ma- 
 rines are encamped, ami Ancon, the headipiarters of the 
 canal government, near Panama. Besides tlie marines and 
 officers and engineers at Canpi Elliott, for whom there is no 
 Protestant service, there are at Ancon and in Panama hun- 
 dreds of Americans, nearly all connected with the canal, with 
 no Protestant pastor to care for them. 
 
 In Colon there is an Anglican and a Wesleyan cliapel, in 
 charge of colored pastors from Jamaica, and a po.st of the 
 
 13 
 
Salvation Army. TIio liisliop and mysell' concur in tlie 
 judgment tliat we liav(> no call to enter Colon, whose popu- 
 lation, numhei'ing two or three thousand, is 
 Religious Work chiefly colored. A reading room and occasional 
 at Colon services would he a boon to the officers and 
 
 men .stationed there. 
 
 Panama, the important city of the Isthmus, has an Angli- 
 can and a Wesleyan clia])el for the colored people, luit no 
 other Protestant churches. Among its twenty thousand in- 
 habitants are many Americans and others who speak English. 
 The Spanish-speaking majority, seeing that American influ- 
 ence must ]iredominate, are alive to the imjxjrtaTice of having 
 their children educated in American scliools; and as a means 
 of reaching the higher classes, whose religious prej- 
 Beginnings udices are .strong, we deemed it important to open 
 at Panama a school in the city, and Brother "Shmee and wife 
 who are teachers of experience with a fair knowl- 
 edge of the Spanisli language, were appointed I)y Bishop 
 Neely for that purjiose. They iirrlved in Panama in April, 
 IhO.i, and opened a school. Services in .Spanish and En- 
 glish were inaugurated by Dr. AVoorl at the end of April. 
 The selection of one or two missionaries to preach in iSjianish 
 in Panama and in English in Ancon and ('ulel)ra is in the 
 bishojr’s jilan, and with the approval of the Board of .Mana- 
 gers, it is ho])ed may be ]iromptly made so as to relieve Dr. 
 AVood and allow him to I’eturn to his work in Peru. 
 
 INTO AND OUT OF ECUADOR AND PERU 
 From Panama to Callao, Pent, is a journey of about nine 
 days. ( )n the way we stoi)ped a day or so at C;uaya(|uil, 
 Ecuador. Some of our former missionaries, under Dr. 
 AVood’s superintendence, have been teachers in government 
 Normal Schools at (juito and Cuenca, and their 
 Prospects in names have appeared among the ajipointments of 
 Ecuador the Lima District. Brother Trigoyen, an ordained 
 
 deacon, a colporteur of the American Bible Society, 
 has reported small companies of evangelical believers at 
 Guayaquil and other places as one of the results of his work, 
 
 H 
 
I)ut we have no organized clmrcli in Ecuador. The new presi- 
 dent, though a Liberal, is not believed to po.ssess the firmness 
 of his immediate predecessors in keeping down the active 
 spirit of persecution by the priests, and outbreaks such as 
 have occurred at Quito and C'uenca within recent years might 
 have serious consequences both for those engaged in the 
 Normal Schools and for Brother Irigoyen, whose new appoint- 
 ment is as pastor in Guayaquil and vicinity. It is no doubt 
 
 COAST IXDIA.VS or PKRr 
 
 however, our duty to begin direct and open evangelistic work 
 in Ecuador, where Methodists as Bible colporteurs have 
 prepared the way for the organization of congregations. 
 
 The long coast line of Peru is repellent. Bare, barren 
 shores, without tree or plant or lilade of grass, unblessed by 
 drop of rain, stretch interminably along the thirteen hundred 
 miles from Ecuador to Chile, and rise into hills and mountains 
 which stand as grim, silent sentinels of inhospitality. 
 Coast and But lying between these and the great Andean range 
 Mountains are valleys and plants which burst into bloom when 
 
 of Peru the cool water of the mountain streams is spread 
 
 over them, and sugar cane and even rice are pro- 
 duced in large quantities. The mountains are rich in mines 
 of silver and gold and copper, and American engineering 
 skill has built a railroad to them, one hundred and thirty-eight 
 
 15 
 
miles from Callao, climhing where it is possible to climb, 
 tunneling where the grades are too stee]-) and a circuit could 
 not lie made, up and u]i and up, through seventy-eight tun- 
 nels, until a height of sixteen thousand feet is attained — the 
 highest railroad in the world. 
 
 oricurAs i.v ck.meteuv 
 With cniidle aiui lioly water 
 
 Here you see the curious llamas, the mountain camels. 
 They are beasts of burden and carry sacks of ore from mine 
 to railroad. They are patient and carry without complaint 
 a hundred pounds. Beyond that their strength does not 
 enable them to go and they cannot be made to carry. They 
 
 !'•> 
 
are driven \vith,~sling and stone, the weapon David used 
 against Goliath. In the inoimtains also are the Quichuas, 
 descendants of the Incas. They are fanatical Catho- 
 Llamas, lies, but are l)y no means inacce.ssil)le to the gospel. 
 
 Quichuas It is to be hoped that our missionaries and native min- 
 
 i.sters may be happy instruments of their conversion. 
 
 The journey from Callao, the port, to Lima, the capital of 
 Peru, may be made either by electric or steam power. The 
 electric cars are large, comfortable, swift, and cheap, and 
 run at short intervals until midnight. For a fare 
 From Coast of ten cents you can make the trip in half an 
 
 to Capital hour, passing through a level country, marked here 
 
 and there witli huge mounds, the tomljs of ancient 
 Incas. Thougli rain never falls on this plain, you will see flour- 
 ishing vineyards and fields of maize, ke])t green by irrigation. 
 
 Here was laid, in 
 greed and blood, 
 the foundation of 
 an empire of 
 Spanish republics. 
 
 Conquerors H o w d i f- 
 Pilgrim ferent the 
 Fathers scenes at- 
 tending the 
 Pilgrims as they 
 landed at Plymouth 
 Rock and l^egan the 
 work of building the 
 mightiest state on 
 the American con- 
 tinent ! 
 
 The Pilgrims were religious; so were the Spanish conciuerors. 
 Lima bears witness still to their zeal for the church. The 
 president of the lower House of Congress sits at the table, 
 when he presides, around which gathered the inquisitors of the 
 Holy Office three centuries ago to try and condemn heretics. 
 The bells of seventy-eight churches speak daily of the thought 
 and care of state .and people for the outward rites and cere- 
 
monies and symbols of religion. Seventy-eight churches for 
 one hundred and twenty thousand peojde, and many of the 
 edifices immense in extent, and most of them in good con- 
 dition. The interior of the archbishop’s cathedral 
 Zealous but has mucli to delight the eye. The stalls of the 
 
 Superstitious choirand tlie chairs of the Pope’s delegate, the 
 
 archbishop, and his coadjutors are of magnificently 
 carved wood, the pillars around the altar are covered with gold, 
 and the vaulted roofs are decorated with the metal which in- 
 spired the heroic deeds of the Spanish conquerors. The air is 
 
 THE CWTHEDKAl,. PEKC 
 
 laden with incense, and convenient benches call the worshiper 
 to his knees. Surely this is the house of God, the very gate of 
 heaven to awaiting souls. Alas! There is that whicli pleases the 
 eye and delights the ear, but the soul is not touched by the fire 
 of God. .^11 1 lie honors of worship go to the Virgin Mary. iMiss 
 Elsie Wood tells me of a church in Cuzco which liears this in- 
 scription over its doors; “ Come, ye heavy laden, unto ^lary.” 
 
 18 
 
What is being done in Peru to disseminate a living and 
 I'niitful I'aitli is being done almost solely by tlie Methodist 
 Episcopal (''hurch. The Anglican Cliurch has a chapel in 
 Callao and another in Lima. The former 
 Peru’s Protes- is practically aljandoned, and we hold English 
 tant Field ser\’ices and Sunday school in it. We have 
 
 congregations in Lima and Callao, and it was 
 my good fortune to see the three — two Spanish and one En- 
 glish. We have, including two which may be said to l)elong 
 
 X.VTIVE I'HHISTl.AX F.iMII.V 
 
 to the M'oman’s Foreign IMi.ssioi'.arv Society, six .scliof)ls in 
 Callao, the newe.st being a kindergarten taught l)y .Mrs. 
 Foreman. There is also a school in Tarma. a considerable 
 town northea.st of Lima. The American Hilde Society has 
 colporteurs in Peru and Ecuador, and they pre]>are the way 
 for scliools and evangelists. It was a ] 1 ri^■ilege to attend a 
 love fea.st in Callao ami hear glad testimonials of men and 
 women as to the power of the gospel to save and to keep. 
 There was some hesitation due to the presence of a stranger, 
 but more than a dozen spoke or offei'ed prayer. 
 
 Dr. Wood, a veteran in the service of the Missionary Society 
 of thirty-five years, laid tlie foundations of our work 
 Dr. Wood’s in Peru in 1891. Since then he and liis faithful wife 
 
 Work have toiled with heroic endurance, unfaltering com- 
 
age, and a faith that nothing conld overcome, and two of tlieir 
 daugliters have joyfully taken up the w'ork which has so 
 much of trial and discouragement. 
 
 Bishop Neely held the first session of North Andes 
 Mission jMission and the hrethren of the Mission, foreign and 
 Session native, separated with new courage and a larger hope. 
 
 Evangelize, organize, develop the native ministry, were 
 the watclnvords of the Conference. 
 
 i(jri(,iri-: cou-kck— (co-euuc.^tion'.vi,) 
 
 CHILEAN PORTS AND PEOPLE 
 
 I'h’om Callao down the Pacific coast the journey is leisurely. 
 The managers of the steamship seem to forget that they have 
 passengers who may be in a hurry, and only to remember 
 that theie is freight to be delivered and received at short 
 intervals on the rugged and barren coast. Always the land 
 
 20 
 
presents the same uninviting aspc'ct of red, barren lulls and 
 mountains and treeless valleys. The rains of heaven fall not 
 at all, either on the just or on the unjust, and our last glimj)ses 
 of Peru and the first of Chile are of a country dead indeed to 
 vegetation. A great business in nitrates, or saJilre, 
 Chile’s Rain- as the natives call it, has developed, and makes 
 
 less Coast Iquiciue and other cities in the raiidess region 
 
 what they are. New deposits are being discovered 
 elsewhere, and the shipments from Iquique are less than 
 they used to be ; but a trust or association regulates the out- 
 put everywhere, and keeps prices unil'orm and profitable. 
 
 COOKIXG CI..\SS, AVKHK'.A.N COI.I.EGK. ((l.XCI-.l 'CION 
 
 Chile is undoubtedly the longe.st and narrowest republic 
 in the world. It has a coa.st line of three thousand miles, and 
 its greatest width scarcely exceeds two hundred miles. Hot 
 and dusty in these thousands of miles of thirsty 
 Long, Nar- land? Most of it. Unendurable? Xo. C)n the 
 
 row Republic shady side of the street or under a roof, at night, 
 
 when the stars are blazing as they never blaze in 
 northern skies, it is cool — muy fresco, as the natives say. 
 Keep out of the sun and you can be comfortable day or night, 
 
 21 
 
so far as the weather is concerned. Dust you must expect and 
 perhaps Ret used to. In some places it is kept down a little 
 l)y street sprinkling; hut it is always ready to rise when 
 stirred hy the feet of horses or cattle. On lioard ship the 
 
 THE .\LHA.MI!li.\, S.\.\T].\(;() 
 After the AlhanOira in Spam 
 
 weather is delightful, and only delightful. Not too hot 
 by day, it is cool enough for wraps at night. The southern 
 trade wind never fails to blow when you are twenty-four or 
 thirty-six hours out of Panama, going south. A cool current 
 
flows along the coast northward and moderates the tropical 
 climate to a wonderful degree. 
 
 Chile is ready for the gospel — more ready fo receive than 
 the church of Christ is to give. That fact I have seen demon- 
 strated. At Antofagasta and Co(juimbo I saw congregations 
 of converts from out the whited sepulcher of Ca- 
 Welcomefor tholicism. At Valparaiso I saw congregations of 
 
 Saving Truth three hundred to four liundrcd, mostly converts, 
 on two successive 
 week-day evenings, gathered 
 to listen to the story, ever 
 old, but new and fresh and 
 delightful to them. At San- 
 tiago I saw on Sunday even- 
 ing in our new church, a few 
 blocks from Santiago College, 
 a crowded house of artisans, 
 laborers, and their families. 
 
 They heard from Idishop 
 Neely’s lips and heart the 
 doctrine of the world’s re- 
 demption by the sacrifice of 
 Jesus Chri.st. Every sign of 
 favor was shown, and when 
 the invitation was given to 
 come and bow at the altar 
 and have their sins washed 
 away by the sprinkling of the 
 atonement, scores came with- 
 out delay. They knelt at the altar, as many as could reach 
 it, and in the sjrace in front, and at benches on either sitle, and 
 prayed most earnestly for themselves, while Dr. Hoover and 
 Brothers Arms and Vanegas prayed in succession for them. 
 Members of the church knelt with the seekers and tried to 
 show them the way to Christ. At Concepcion a week later 
 the same scene gladdened our hearts. The liishop’s strong 
 and searching sermon was blessed by the Holy Cho.st, and 
 many came forward and earnestly cried unto God for mercy, 
 
 23 
 
and obtained it. I saw full houses on week nights in Te- 
 inuco and in Victoria, come together not only to hear and 
 welcome bishop and secretary, but to show their interest in 
 evangelical religion. 
 
 These people have the same experiences, the same tempta- 
 tions, the same victories, and the same aspirations as the 
 devout in the United States. They get tired of the useless, 
 wicked lives they lead, and are hungry for the true 
 Spiritual lircad of the gospel. ( )ne of those who knelt at the 
 Needs like chancel rail in Santiago was asked why he had come. 
 
 Ours “( ), I have come,” he said, “ because I am tired of lie- 
 
 ing a useless drunken fellow.” Another’s tears of 
 penitence rained upon God’s altar. Both te.stified with 
 joy that their supplications had been answered. For 
 bread the priests have been git'ing them stones, for fishes 
 serpents. 
 
 What kind of C'hristians do these converts make? In the 
 main, they persevere. Few ever return to the old life or the 
 old church. Most of them have much to learn, and they 
 don’t learn it all at once. But the process of education 
 Genuine goes on steadily and encouragingly. If couples have 
 
 Converts been living together out of wedlock, they seek honest 
 
 marriage the first thing. They give up liquor and 
 gambling and profanity, and with liquor they generally give 
 up tobacco also. They are more diligent in business, and 
 more provident of their earnings. Their efforts to l^e clean, 
 physically and morally, to hat'e decent homes, to be indus- 
 trious and honest in their business, to learn their duties as 
 parents and citizens, always tell in their favor. They be- 
 come more prosperous, get more work and more remunera- 
 tive work, and their employers are delighted with their 
 trustworthiness. These evangelical Christians are, therefore, 
 constantly rising in the scale of civilization. Pure religion 
 lifts them out of the degraded life into which the Roman 
 system had caused or at least permitted them to fall. Prot- 
 estant natives can thus get positions more readily, particu- 
 larly responsible positions, than Catholic natives. A 
 non-Protestant employer in Concepcion says Protestants 
 
 •24 
 
are trustworthy; lie was never deceived in any of his Prot- 
 estant employees hut once. 
 
 What wonderful men have lieen called to leadership in our 
 South America fields! John Dempster, William Goodfellow, 
 Henry (1. Jackson, Thomas B. ^^'ood, Charles W. Drees, John 
 F. Thomson, Ira H. La Fetra, all of whom save the 
 Missionary first two are still on this side of the dark stream — 
 Leaders men of consecration and devotion and intellectual 
 
 power. The name of that evangelistic and mi.ssion- 
 ary apostle, William Taylor, must ever he associated with 
 tlie heg'innings of our missions on the West Coast of South 
 
 I. 
 
 America, and it was he who called to the work inaugurated 
 hy him, hoth educational and evangeli.stic, the man who was 
 more completely to organize it, to shape its policies, direct 
 its energies, and carry its burdens. That man was Ira H. 
 La Fetra, whose mind and heart and soul are wrought into 
 our colleges and churches as those of no other man. He and 
 
his wife luive laid wide and enduring foundations for the fu- 
 ture of vital Christianity in all the southern portion of the 
 West Coast. 
 
 Methodism has a grand field in Chile, particularly in south- 
 ern Chile. We could make wonderful advances if we had 
 fifteen or twenty thousand dollars more annually, all to lie 
 devoted to evangeli.stic work. Our schools are doing 
 Calls to well ; they ha\’e prepared the way for the churches ami a 
 Advance .strong native mini.stry. The four college.s — oneforf)oys 
 and girls in Icpuque, one for girls in Santiago, and one 
 for hoys and one for girls in 
 Concepcion — are widely known 
 and have had an immeastiral)le 
 influence in softeinngthe prt'j- 
 udices of cvcit the most de- 
 voted Catholics. .\11 exceiit 
 one of the colleges were self- 
 supporting in 1904, jiaying all 
 expenses except transit of 
 teachers, with a handsome sur- 
 plus to spare. The college 
 properties, well situated and 
 entirely free from del)t, excei)t 
 the mortgage on the vSantiago 
 College for the Ijeneht of the 
 {)ress, are in good condition. 
 
 A strengtheiung of tlie teach- 
 ing corps, and additional facilities for growth in the two Con- 
 cepcion colleges, better church l)uildings, and an increase in 
 the force of missionaries of two or three energetic evangelistic 
 workers for special work in Santiago, Valparaiso, and Con- 
 cepcion are the mo.st pressing immediate needs. 
 
 THE CONTEST OF FALSE AND TRUE 
 STANDARDS 
 
 Irreverence for sacred things is a marked characteristic 
 of the people of this country, even of those whose devotion is 
 unejuestioned. Sacred names and terms are used in a way 
 
 .\J.\KI.\li .MKTIIOIIIST ITl.l'ITS 
 IN CHILE 
 
tliat seems hlasplie- 
 mous t-o a visitor I'rom 
 tlic North. Supensti- 
 tioiis regard 
 Irreverence for tlie cross 
 and makes it a 
 
 Superstition common ob- 
 ject. On every 
 liill or mountain toj) 
 overlooking a village, 
 town , or city t he sacred 
 emhlem appears, that 
 all “may he under the 
 cro.ss.” 
 
 .\s to morals, one 
 cannot truly describe 
 the condition of the 
 masses witli- 
 Low Morality out seennng 
 and to deal in 
 
 the Lottery wholesalede- 
 traction. 
 They are frightfully 
 low, and the priests 
 di.sgrace their holy call- 
 ing byscandalous lives, 
 and are patterns of 
 vice more often than 
 examples of purity. 
 The lottery every- 
 where flouri.shes, and 
 is used by the church 
 itself, as witness ad- 
 vertisements to raise 
 funds for pious pur- 
 poses. 
 
 The forms of the 
 church are observed. 
 
 28 
 
mass is celebrated, prayers are said, rites performed, particu- 
 larly those of baptism and absolution, the confessional is 
 maintained, and religion is duly honored by the state; the 
 church pervades tlie state and the state pervades 
 Form without the cliurcli, and the republics are nominally Chris- 
 Substance tian; luit t hough the peoide may honor God with 
 
 their lips their hearts are far from him, and their 
 lives tlo not correspond with their profession. I am referring 
 how to the church as a whole. I would not say there are not 
 
 F.Wn.TIES (IK THE TWO .MET 1 1 OH 1ST ( 'o I.EEO ES. ( '(I N( ' E l>( TO.M 
 
 exceptions, perhaps many, where the heart ami life are en- 
 gaged; but that the rule is as above stated one who sees, 
 hears, and observes cannot long deny. Many lives seem not 
 to be touched by the church at all, except at two points: 
 the beginning and the end. Every infant must be baptized. 
 At death, also, the aid of the church is reque.sted. A man 
 may have led an evil life, been a scoffer, and neglected all 
 his religious duties: but when he comes to his last hour, the 
 
 i9 
 
priest is called in to hear his confession and to give him abs('- 
 lution. Tluis a life may compass all that is evil, and the 
 record be wiped out by the final act of a priest. As the 
 church does not excommunicate except for denial of the 
 faitli or of its own autliority, it is easy to see how men may 
 feel free and even encouraged to follow the bent of their 
 evil natures. 
 
 TO.Mli UF BE]iX.\KIlU (j'HiGOIXS, S-\XTI.\GO 
 A Liberator of (.'bile 
 
 The Scriptures would show men the folly and danger of 
 sucli a course, Init the church is not a friend to tlie free use of 
 the Scriptures. Comparatively few of the priests, it is said, 
 own a Ihble. They know their mi.ssal and by it 
 Bible Kept from know something of the Word of God, but are ig- 
 the People norant of much scriptural history and teaching. 
 
 They do not wish members of their flock to 
 have the good Book or read it, and for instances where 
 it has been di.scovered in Catholic homes, confiscated, and 
 publicly burned one need not go far into the past. Colpor- 
 
 30 
 
teurs of tlio American Bilile Society are persecuted at the 
 instance of the priests, and in some cases driveai out of cities 
 and towns I:)y the public authorities. Everybody remembers 
 how Penzotti was imprisoned in Callao eight months for the 
 crime of selling Bil.)les. The prison where he suffered was 
 pointed out to me at the foot of the Calle Colon. Christian 
 countries are these, or so they are called, and the church 
 which donnnates them calls itself Chri.stian, and yet the 
 Christian Bible is treated as something dangerous to the 
 Christian faith and, therefore, to be deined l.o the faithful! 
 
 KIIOXTIEK CH.M'EL XE.M{ VICT(lin.\ 
 
 Desjute the priests the Scriptures find their way through 
 faithful coljiorteurs into many Catholic families, and are read, 
 too, with much intere.st and rarely, it is believed, without 
 some profit. Sometimes the purchaser (they are 
 Colporteurs and never given away) reports to the priest, and is 
 
 the Scriptures ordered to give up the l:)Ook as an improper 
 
 one. Generally the latter is not informed. 
 Whenever the book is sold it is accompaided with a testi- 
 mony as to its value in making men and women better Chris- 
 tians. Not a few have been led to a better life by it, and, 
 forsaking the Roman Church, die without the presence of a 
 
 31 
 
priest, believing in salvation by Christ only. Of this fact 
 we may be fully convinced: there are no countries needing 
 the pure gospel more sorely than these, and Protestantism, 
 with its free Bible, must furnish it, or it will not be had at all. 
 
 .MOUNT .VC()XC.\(:U A, AM>E.S li.^NOE 
 Higliest summit feet) in the western hemisphere 
 
 CONDITIONS IN THE PLATA COUNTRIES 
 
 The journey across the .Vndes from Santiago had little in 
 it of peril or hardshij), and the disagreeable features, if such 
 there were, can with difficulty be recalled, they were so com- 
 pletely swallowed up liy the continuous delights of the 
 Over the ever-changing scenery, always lieautiful, often wonder- 
 Andes ful, and at times truly majestic. Leaving Santiago on 
 Friday moi'ning, we were in Mendoza, on the eastern side 
 of the Andes, Saturday evening, a little after seven o'clock, 
 having made the entire journey l\v rail, excepting about 
 
 32 
 
twenty-nine miles, including the climli over the pass, some 
 thirteen thousand feet above the level of the sea, which was 
 accomplished in a coach. Tunnels are being bored through 
 the mountains, and in a year or two the rail route will be 
 complete, and express trains are expected to make the dis- 
 tance between ^'alparaiso, on the Pacific, ami Buenos Ayres, 
 on the Atlantic — some nine hundred miles or more — in forty- 
 four hours, so that the bishop at Buenos Ayres will l)e able to 
 reach any of our churches in South Chile, except at Punta 
 -Arenas, in less tlian three days. 
 
 wirii s.\i)iii.Kii.\(:s IX ak<ik.\'ii.\.\ 
 
 When you descend the eastern slope of the Andes you 
 descend to the broad pampas, or pi'airies, wliich stretch 
 from Alendoza, at the foot of the great continental range, to 
 Buenos Ayres, on the Bio Plata. It is not an inspiring 
 Pampas of landscape for the jaded traveler who has ju.st come 
 Argentina down from the glories of the mountain tops, and if it 
 is hot and dry he will be sensible of little else than 
 the heat and dust. It is a journey of twenty-four hours on 
 trains as well appointed as those we are accustomed to in the 
 
United States. The eye soon wearies of the vast unending 
 stretches of level gra.ss land, with here and there a clump of 
 trees, partly hiding the home of the owner of an entnncia, or 
 ranch. Tins graceful fasliion gives the landscape its most 
 pleasing feature. Droves of fine, large cattle, sleek horses, 
 and prosperous sheep roam over these unfenced pa.stures, and 
 are greater sources of [trofit even than the wondei'ful crops 
 of wheat which are raised. Argentina, the .statistician tells 
 us, is fifth in importance of the wheat-exporting countries. 
 On these farms much machinery is used, such as mowers. 
 
 TKACHEIiS .AND STCIIEXTS, THEOLOGIC.M. SCHOOL, MERCEOES, ItllU 
 1. Dr. Samuel W. Siberts; 2. Dr. Clmiies'W. Drees 
 
 reapers, and threshers, and tliis machinery is nearly all 
 American, as it is found to be cheapest and best. 
 
 The train stops frequently, but there are no large towns 
 until you come to Mercedes, fifty or sixty miles from 
 Suburban Buenos Ayres. As you approach the great city 3’ou 
 
 Beauty miss the beautiful bunches of pampas grass, with 
 
 their yellow and white plumes bowing low in gra- 
 cious acknowledgment to the passing train, but you see evi- 
 dences of a higher cultivation, and that the American fa.shion 
 
 34 
 
HOOl,, HUMNOS A \ Hi;?- 
 
olitains of beautiful suf)url)an homes, witli smooth mown 
 lawns, stately trees, and blooming shrubberies. Wealth is 
 rapidly accumulating in Argentina, and Buenos Ayres is the 
 center of it. 
 
 The greate.st city of the southern continent, indeed of the 
 southern hemisphere, lies in a fiend of the river as a child 
 lies in the bend of its mother’s arms. It has, therefore, a 
 most remarkable .stretch of river front. It is fan-shaped, 
 Buenos and has a line opporttuuty to spread out toward the north 
 
 Ayres and east. It is not an old tyjucal Spanish town, with 
 
 narrow streets ami adobe houses of a uniform a])]H'arante. 
 It is a foreign city, totalh' unlike the old iSpanish town of 
 C’ordoba, where foreign fashions have not yet intruded. It is 
 laid out with taste and skill ami with an eye to beauty and 
 comfort. It has, of course, the Spanish plaza — that is a part 
 of its inheritance; but it has beautiful parks and Irroad, 
 shady avenues — these are a part of its acquirements. Sar- 
 miento was President of the republic some years ago. He had 
 representerl his country at \\'asliington for some years, and 
 while still .Mini.ster was elected President. He had been 
 intimate with and greatly admired Horace i\Iann, and he 
 tried to introduce some of his ideas into the public schools of 
 Buenos Ayres. 
 
 Buenos .\vres has about a million souls, and it is growing 
 I'apidly. It is ;dl bustle ami energy and enterprise. The 
 young American from New York, Chicago, or Denver feels 
 at home there. He never complains that it is slow. 
 Growth and He likes the present and views the future with en- 
 
 Enterprise thusiasm. He will tell you of the big buildings, 
 
 including the finest press building in the world, the 
 large banks, the fine stores, and the high-class hotels and 
 restaurants as though he were glorying in the greatness of 
 an American city. Counting heads, Argentinas are in the 
 majority, Init measuring influence — in creating, planning, 
 pushing, and bringing to pa.ss — they fall far short. Foreigners 
 are the bankers, the importers and e.xporters, the manu- 
 facturers, the managers of railroads and steamships and tram- 
 ways, the heads of notable enterprises, the educators, the 
 
 30 
 
farmers, the jihysicians, tlie arcliitects, the hiiilders, those to 
 whom great trusts and responsihilities are confided. 
 
 Growing out of the old Spanish-American spirit, Buenos 
 Ayres is growing into tlie modern progressive spirit of Eng- 
 land, Germany, and the United States. It has 
 Demands a broken with the old ideas of municipal, mercantile, 
 New Reli- and imlustrial life and formed a new model for old, 
 
 gious Basis staid, and conservative South America. In religion 
 
 and in morals, however, it is media?val. The Church 
 of Rome is one and the same there as elsewhere, with a stand- 
 ard too low morally for commercial, financial, and industri;d 
 interests. 
 
 OK.ANOES. VII.I.E'IA, V 
 
 The people of the Plata countries are dill’ereni from tliose 
 of the We.st Coa.st. You notice a difference in the garl) of 
 the women. In Santiago, the most modern in spirit of the 
 Pacific coa.st cities, native women almo.st invariably 
 Sections wear the mnnto, the black heatlgear so characteristic 
 Compared of the Latin .\merican, on the street, and especially 
 in the churches. In Buenos Ayres and in Montevideo 
 you will hardly see one, except on the servant class. 
 
 The people of the two coasts in one other thing arc not 
 unlike: they liave deep-seated religious prejudices. Personal 
 contact of missionary, preacher, and layman counts for much 
 in countries like South .\merica in preparing hearts, sealed 
 by prejudice, for the reception of the gospel; and per- 
 
 37 
 
soiial acniiaintanco also does much for the evangelist in 
 showing him tender hearts and good impulses and even 
 living consciences under exteriors which give no hint of them 
 to strangers. Taking them in the mass, the ob- 
 Personal server would be likely to conclude that these 
 
 Contact and people, so badly schooled in religion, have no con- 
 
 Conscience science. If this were so, how would you explain 
 
 a case like this? A Frenchman, a maker of wine, be- 
 came interested in our services and sought to pray for salva- 
 tion. He said every time he kneeled down for this purpose he 
 was somehow so hindered that his efforts were abortive. He 
 could not formulate his petitions. Soinetliing kept saying to 
 him, “What alrout your wine; what about your wine?” This 
 ([iiestion was always dominant. It persisted so that he could 
 not pray. He could not understand it. “ My wiye is all right,” 
 he would reply. “ It is good, pure wine; there is nothing the 
 matter with it.” But he could not pray and he could not get 
 away from the (jiiestion, “ What about your wine?” Finally, 
 in desperation he seized an ax and knocking in the heads of his 
 casks let the wine run away. The moment he had done so his 
 tongue was loosen erl and he fell on his knees in the vault, 
 and instantly his prayer was heard and he was happily con- 
 verted. He had never doubted that it was entirely proper to 
 make, sell, and drink wine. How did he come by so tender 
 a conscience? 
 
 Our missions are well and widely planted in Argentina, 
 Uruguay, and Paraguay, and are conducted in four languages 
 — Sijanish, English, German, and Italian. In Buenos Ayres 
 the ma.sses are still Catholic by preference, the 
 Mission Work small minority Protestant. The Church of Eng- 
 on East Coast land, the Scottish Presbyterian, the Baptists, and 
 our own church form the bulk of the Protestant 
 element. Our First Church, commonly called the American 
 Church, has a fine property, valued at §125,000 (gold), in the 
 heart of the business section, and a splendid congregation. 
 Among its members are both Americans and Englishmen, 
 and it is a power for good. It is loyal to the Missionary 
 Society and to the cause of missions, remembering gratefully 
 
 3S 
 
FIRST METHODIST El'ISCO I' A L CHURCH, HUENOS AYRES 
 
those early days when tlie Missionary Society sent John 
 Dempster, AMlliain (loodfellow, and generous funds to assist it. 
 
 The Second Church, occupying a fine commodious building 
 on our Junin property, is a strong and prosperous l:)ody of 
 Spanish-speaking people, and has on occasion the largest 
 Protestant congregation in the city. ( )ur other four 
 Circle of churches are well di.stributed and are doing good work. 
 Churches Two of them occupy rented halls. These should have 
 property of their own, and one other should have a 
 better property. Tlie Ifoca Mission, with its excellent day 
 school and Sjianish and Enghsli congregations, is a popular 
 
 M( H<)l.-\s I.dWi; INSTi rn ION, M latI KDKS 
 
 forward mo^•enlent in a crowded section where it is ac- 
 complishing great gooel. 
 
 llosario, the second largest city in Argentina, over two 
 hundred miles from Buenos Ayres, Avhere we have two con- 
 gregations, English and .Sjeanish, and two projierties; IMen- 
 doza, in the far west of the republic, wliere our 
 Other Argen- jiastor jireaches in English, S]tanish, and German; 
 tinian Cities ^Mercedes, the seat of the Nicholas Lowe Institution ; 
 
 and l.a Plata, close to Buenos .-Vyres, and Cerdoba, 
 in tlie north, and Bahia Blanca, in the south, are the chief or 
 strategic points of our INIission. 
 
 The heart of Argentina is Buenos Ayres. There we should 
 
 40 
 
plant IMethodism more widely and strongly. Fifteen or 
 twenty congregations at the very least should be our im- 
 mediate aim, if we mean to take the city, this great, growing, 
 prosperous, cosmopolitan city; and if we do not 
 Aim for Stra- mean to take it wliy are we there, with better 
 tegic Center, opportunities than any other denomination ? 
 Montevideo Bisliop Xeely has planned the removal of the 
 theological school from Mercedes to Buenos Ayres, 
 and for some provision for a moderate course of theological 
 training at points on the West Coast. 
 
 What Buenos Ayres is to Argentina, IVIontevideo is to 
 Uruguay — the heart and soul. It is a beautiful city of 
 21.5,000 population, built partly on sea and partly on river. 
 Uruguayans are a restless people politically, not content to 
 
 University building in the foreground 
 
 allow many administrations to serve out their term of 
 office. In the la.st seventy years they have started forty- 
 three revolutions, losing, as will be observed, some op- 
 portunities. Like Argentina, this Oriental Republic, as it 
 calls itself, has learned the lesson of tolerance, and the laws 
 give protection even to Protestant churches and worshipers. 
 
 In the capita] we have English and Spanish congrega* 
 Central tions. Our old property, now surrounded by dens of 
 
 Church vice, might have served the purpose of both bodies of 
 
 worshipers for years to come but for the bad character- of 
 the neighborhood. The new location is admirable, on the 
 top of a hill, overshadowing a large Jesuit church and mon- 
 astery and being as near the proposed new Congressional 
 
 41 
 
building as the Idbrarv building is in Washington to the 
 Capitol. The Spanish brethren wanted an impressive build- 
 ing, and they have it. The great brick .structure towers high 
 above surrounding objects. It is a nolde building, and puts 
 Methodism, as it were, on a public pinnacle in Montevideo. 
 Those who would see the notable buildings of the city must 
 not neglect the Central Methodi.st Episcopal Church. 
 
 The Conference met in the basement, the American seats 
 and the electric lights having been put in the night before, and 
 Wednesday evening the opening was celebrated, an enthusias- 
 tic, cheering audience of at least 800 being present. 
 Basement After speeches by Bishop Neely and Dr. J. F. Thomson, 
 
 Opened a collection was taken to meet Bishop McCabe’s 
 
 generous proposition to provide the last -52,000 of the 
 debt, and 1650 was contributed. 
 
 Our educational work in South America Conference is un- 
 que.stionably helpful in breaking down the prejudice of Cath- 
 olic parents and in training boys and girls for high usefulness. 
 
 The moral and spiritual education imparted is of 
 Educational inestimable value, whether the graduate continues 
 Work in connection with the Church of Rome or becomes 
 
 a member of our church. The policy of Catholicism, 
 which is in some things very wise, is to get control and keep 
 control of the children. Boys and girls who pass through 
 our schools invariably become better Christians even if not 
 better Catholics, as the priest understands the term. Our 
 day schools in Buenos Ayres, Bahia Blanca, and other centers, 
 our Nicholas Lowe Institution in Mercedes, the women’s schools 
 in Buenos Ayres under Miss Le Huray, and in Rosario under 
 Miss Swaney, and our North American Academy in Monte- 
 video under Miss Long, and the girls’ school in the same city 
 under Miss Hewitt, are wellsprings of wholesome influence in 
 a thirsty land. They have my most hearty indorsement. 
 The e.xtension of their beneficent work is the extension of the 
 gospel. The gospel is taught in these institutions, and it is 
 lived, and the Bible is read and explained, and scholars come 
 to respect it as the Word of God. 
 
 Our North American Academy for boys has had a wonder- 
 
 42 
 
CENTRAL METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHPIICH, MOXTKVIDEC 
 
ful success. When Miss Long took it up in 1900 it was 
 scarcely more than a name. She began with nine boys and 
 nothing of much value in the way of furniture and 
 Academy books. Rent was paid from the appropriation. All 
 for Boys the rest this remarkable woman has got somehow from 
 the school itself. In 190.3-04 she had eighty-six pupils; 
 in 1904-0.5 she opened with one hundred. The academy now 
 occupies three adjoining buildings, for which 11,320 (gold) 
 is paid in rent. Another year she would need another building. 
 Meantime a splendid property well situated and in every way 
 suited to the scliool’s needs has been offered, and she has 
 taken tlie responsibility of securing it. It cost originally 
 S40,000 (gold). She gets it for $12,000, and so good a bargain 
 is it regarded that a bank offered to loan her the full pur- 
 chase price and as much more as might be necessary to adapt 
 it to the use of the academy. Miss Long spent some time in 
 the LTnited States on furlough, during the earlier part of 1905, 
 and raised a part of the amount needed to secure this most 
 desirable property, and she should be relieved of the burden of 
 carrying anj" of it at the high rate of interest that obtains 
 in South America. It would be difficult to estimate the power 
 of fruitful influence which promises to go forth from this 
 school, and gifts for its buildings will mean much for the 
 future of a whole nation. 
 
 Whatever Catholics may think of our church in Uruguay, 
 they have a high admiration for this school and Miss Hewitt’s 
 school, not simply because of the mental training they give 
 the boys and girls, but because of the moral influence 
 Winning they exert. Catholic parents recently came to see Miss 
 
 Approval Long about sending their boy. They said, “Is this a 
 
 Protestant school?” She answered, “ Yes.” “Well, we 
 can’t have our boy taught heresies.” Miss Long explained 
 that the teachin was based entirely on the Scriptures. The 
 great aim was to induce the boys to avoid sins of lying, 
 swearing, and the vices and to teach them to live clean, moral 
 lives. She added, “ Consult parents who have had boys here 
 a year or two, and see what they have to say.” They did so, 
 and a day or two later came bringing their boy. An Italian 
 
 44 
 
physician living outside of Montevideo came with his wife and 
 boy. He said: ‘‘I don’t want my boy to go to the Catholic 
 Church and I don’t want him trained in that faith. i\Iy wife 
 is a Catholic, Imt I am not. I am not anything; but I would 
 like my f)oy to go to the Protestant Church. When I lived here 
 years ago there was a Protestant minister named Wood. I 
 want my lioy to go to the church in which he preached.” 
 Mi.ss Long informed liim that the C'entral Methodist Church, in 
 which Dr. M’ood preached, was the church which thebo5'sof the 
 sclmol attended, and the father and mother went away content. 
 
 Miss Long has a temperance organization among the boys, 
 with pledges of abstinence from all intoxicants, including 
 wine and cider, for one month, for six months, for a year, and 
 for life; also a pledge to abstain from tobacco. 
 Temperance Many hoys take the pledge for a short period, then 
 
 Training renew it and graduate into the ranks of the total 
 
 abstainers for life. IMany of the larger boys are in 
 this class. At the monthly meeting of the temperance 
 organization the question is asked, “Who has violated his 
 pledge?” and the boy who has done so is expected to rise. 
 ( )ne boy rose at the meeting which I attended. Miss Long 
 afterward told me the hi, story of the case. The l^oy came to 
 her that morning crying, and said to Miss Long, “ I have 
 broken my pledge.” Asked how he came to do so, he said: 
 “Last night we were invited out to dinner. They had straw- 
 berries. I am very fond of strawberries, and ate two before 
 I discovered that they had wine on them. I am very sorry, 
 Mi.ss Long. I didn’t eat any more. I wouldn’s have eaten any 
 if I had known there was wine on them.” 
 
 The little fellows are being trained to be clean and manly. 
 Is there any better busness than 
 
 “the savin’ of a little child 
 And bringin’ him to his own”? 
 
 A PARTING GLIMPSE AT BRAZIL 
 
 Our work in southern Brazil was turned over to the Meth- 
 odist Episcopal Church, South, a few years ago, and we have 
 only one Portuguese mission, that at Para, on the Amazon, 
 
 40 
 
NORTH AMKUK’AN A('AI>K>!V. .MONTEVIDEO 
 Miss Stolhi C. Lolita, M.l)., Princiiml, in ceiitn- 
 
where brave Brother Justus H. Nelson labors faithfully on, 
 refusing to abandon his j^ost. Four days were spent in Rio 
 Janeiro, the capital of the inunense republic which 
 Brazil and embraces so much of the area of the southern 
 
 its Capital continent. If there is a more beautiful harbor than 
 
 that of Rio Janeiro I have not seen it. Built on 
 almost as many hills as Rome, the city itself lies in the embrace 
 
 MdXr.MKNT or GKXEll.VL (illt.tAO. I'A1,.\CE SOU.\UE. I> A K A , BRAZIL 
 
 of mountains made glorious liy rich tropical verdure. Its long 
 arcades of majestic royal palms are worth a journey of thou- 
 sands of miles to see. But the Brazilian capital, rich be3mnd 
 comparison with its natural glories, is a Portuguese cbys 
 second in po]Hilation among the cities of South America. 
 
'■,w ''\>.;.:^;05''^ .*rV^< ■h'VW-'p :” ■ ' ;; ■'■> .^s I *;i' !^■',v^> /r. 
 
 •■’f ' '‘'.'-‘i S''*4''''V- Tc '" •’• ' ’/**•. '•>’*1 ^ ' -‘' i"; P 'V; '• '.t- '1. S 
 
 ■':V: i'’ 'V,',-‘: S' ;^'''' ;,','1 * ■: 
 
 ' '^i;v TS';i; ‘i ,^-i^ '■ ' 
 
 , '* .'' ' ’:~;''Yy;-!' ' •- 
 
 w:'';Y'.rYj;.YS-Yv- 
 tj'YYift:''’*'' 
 
 ; j'w', -. • , y ,-5 w ' ■ ' - • ' ' f ‘ 
 
 'S'. .•'f-'-S-Y' ♦ \y::y ■ 'i 
 VV^:'C'p.^Kfs'.'':V ’ 
 
 X'.. i‘ *\. ; li ■ 
 
 ■I ■' ■- -i' ,, : \ 1 /,'■ •' .'i 
 
 Y'‘ ., ''SI ;i' f f’ 
 
 ■-:■* Y*: ,'r :.‘;:.;S'!* 
 
 ,i . 
 
 ' ’■ , ■' ^ .;v'’ * i '-i'' ' i' ■ ■'■■■' ',» 
 
 ■ '‘i ' 
 
 V'-' \-'''- '/M,- 5’' •' V. ^ ■ ; .' r ^'- 
 
 . y ^ ' Ai' 
 
 >■»'' ;> . ■ " 1 *^- ' *.. ; • ji'r 
 
 IVyYf ■vVy,;j-Y-'y' ' ' ' ■''' ’■*'■' ■'■ "•■' '''' ’■ 
 
 'I' ',■'; . . 
 
 ::P;:P:Ap^''AMAAAj -jS; A' /s; . ' , ;■ 
 
 ('a/'i Y . V'-i ■'•:■./■■ "■■’: ,:' :Y;Y;. Yv-'S;, . , ■ y" , -, ’ -•; ; i ■ 
 
 ‘♦•Y.. S . . '-'T-S''. . , .'i,' , '/ i'Y V. • lA /'A'' 
 
 ii « s 5- 
 
 • . Y"'-'- I'' Yr'SS . rf’vA':- .! 
 
 ' 7 '' ' ■ Y ; Y-.l '; ■' ' ;.: I s" 
 
 >:,;S'nAYA ^ A Y 
 
 -',' '' 'S' :. “ 'A'l; S' "■ :l::' :■'' . :■ ;■ 'S)!,/ f -.f : Y . ■■:<; ' YI'::A A; ^ S 
 
 lA ■ ' A''*r'As‘*\::;.;'S-v-;^AYvA'v;AYA^A'Y ;S-'A/'S ’''‘SAA':' AA.SA ‘fAV''’'Ai P 
 A ■SYVrAA;,Y|fe^^ lA's, AA v 'SAA|sp|^,r'PA a 
 
 ''AA'A/A'AMaE;^^^ :As,-. . 'A ' < r 
 
 >*. A,:plg^A; A' 
 
 A ::AAA' :•-, r^AA;AlA;A»ipA ,:,Pf ^ ,? .A:,AAAiA 
 
 fcfiS -'.mA