Avery Arc hitectural and Fine Arts Library Gift of Seymour B. Durst Old York Lihr \m YONKERS v MT. VERNON, THEIR POINTS of INTEREST AND THEIR REPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS MEN, ILLUSTRATED. NEWARK, N. J. MERCANTILE PUBLISHING COMPANY. 1892. Sok^S Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2013 http://archive.org/details/yonkersmtvernontOOunse ; Yonkers is rich in historical interest, its settlement r^' /^^l^ u •' dating back to the 17th century, when the active trading instincts of the Dutch impelled them to seek opportunities in the new world. Situated upon the east bank of the Hudson, about 18 miles above the mouth of that noble river, it is admirably located for residence, commercial and manufac- turing purposes Its beautifully wooded hills and dales, contrasting so markedly with the forbidding steeps of the opposite shore, appealed even to the phlegmatic crew of the " Half Moon," commanded by that ambi- tious explorer, Henry Hudson, on its first voyage up the noble stream in search of a western passage to China. It was not long after his visit that the Dutch pushed their way into the territory opened by Hudson's discoveries. On his return to Holland in 1609, he gave the great East India Company, in whose interest his explorations were made, a stirring account of the harbor and the country on the river's banks. The Company, however, took little interest in his reports, bi • a number of Dutch merchants, anxious to take advantage of the possibilities for trade presented by this new country, petitioned the government of Holland to send trading vessels thither. No attention was paid to their request and private enterprise then took the matter in hand. By 1614 a lively fur trade with the natives was in progress. This aroused the cupidity of the Government, and on March 27th, 16 14, it offered to grant exclusive rights and privileges to any company that would undertake to carry on special commerce with the Manhattan Indians, then in possession of the New Netherlands. A com- pany was promptly formed, two vessels were equipped and sent out on an exploring expedition, and their commanders returned with a very enthusiastic description of their trip. The company promptly filed a map of the country, applied for and obtained the promised grant. This was the New Nether- 4 YONKERS AND IPS POINTS OF INTEREST, lands Company, and their charter entitled them to a vast extent of territory in and about what we know now as New York City. The earliest preserved record of the conveyance of lands to white people by the Indians refers to a tract in the present County of Westchester, which was known by the Indians as Kekeshick, and until 1872 this section of land was included within the limits of Yonkers, but is now part of Kingsbridge in New York City. The deeds for the sale of other portions of Westchester County by the Indians have been lost. One of the first individual white owners of land in this part of the country was Adriaen Van der Donck, who in 1646 secured from the Dutch West India Company, to whom it was originally sold by the Indians, a manorial site, covering all of the land on which now stands the city of Yonkcr<. ( )ne of the Post Office Luilding. historians of Westchester County asserts that Van der Donck obtained his title to the land by purchase from Tackarew, Chief of the Weckquaskeck Indians, who occupied this portion of the country at the time of the Dutch invasion. The Indians called the place " Napperhaem " meaning " the rapid water settlement," because of its location on the banks of the Napperhan, then a beautiful swift flowing stream. Officially its designation after Van der Donck's accession the title was Colendonck, or the Colony of Donck, while to the colonists it became known as De Jonkheer's land, Jonkheer or young gentleman, b*ing the title applied to the eldest son in a Dutch family. This name, as applied to Van der Donck's estate, eventually degenerated, colloquially, into Jonker's, passing into Younckers, Younkers and finally Yonkers, which was the English rendition of the Dutch term. The early history of Yonkers is full of interest, but our space will not admit of more than passing mention of some of its most marked phases. Adriaen Van der Donck was an ambitious, progressive man, and he kept the government of Hol- land busy during the nine years of his incumbency of the proud position of Lord of Colendonck, in at- tending to his petitions for power to do this, that or the other thing, for the improvement of his prop- erty. In these days he would have been known as a " hustler." His deep interest in the welfare of Younker's land, and his activity in securing every possible advantage for it, resulted in a magnificent es- tate, which, however, he did not live long to enjoy. He died in 1655 while still a young man, leaving the property to his wife. Nine years later, or in March 1664, the Dutch possessions in America passed into YONKERS AND ITS POINTS OF INTEREST. 5 the control of the English, being patented to the Duke of York and Albany, and English colonists soon began to invade the Dutch settlements. The widow of Van der Donck married Hugh O'Neil, of Pa- tuxent, Maryland, and went to that place to live. She subsequently sold the estate in portions to various Englishmen. Among these was Elias Doughty, who in 1677 was "invested in the sole ownership of the tract now covered by Yonkers" by Hugh O'Neil and Mary his wife. He in turn sold the lower portion of the tract, or that part which appears to have included the village of " Yonkheer's," to William Bolty or Betts, George Tippetts and Joseph Hadley. North Broadway. In 1694 began a new era in the history of Yonkers, when Frederick Philipse, a wealthy merchant of New York City, had conveyed to him the land covering the site of the present City, and to which he gave the name of Philipsburg His residence was established at the Manor House, which is still stand- ing and is now used as the City Hall of Yonkers. Col. Philipse, the son of the merchant above named, succeeded to the ownership, and the lands remained in his possession until 1779, when they were confiscated by the State, because the Colonel, a prisoner of war at that time, broke his military parole. After this the estate was sold and conveyed by Isaac Stoutenburg and Philip Van Cortlandt, Com- missioners of Forfeitures, to fifty-eight different persons. Up to the time Van der Donck's widow sold her property in " De Yonkheer's" land, there were probably few white settlers in that part of the country, outside of the village occupied by the depend- ents of Van der Donck. These included the operatives of the mill erected by the Lord of Colenc >nck, and from which Nepperhan obtained the name of the Saw-Mill River. The population increased by very slow degrees from that time, there being but 2,517 souls, all told, in the town of Yonkers in 1846, two hun- dred years after the date of its first settlement. In 1875 the total population amounted to 17,232 ; in 1880, to 18,924, but the census returns ten years later showed a population of 31,945. Until 1779, when tne prooerty was confiscated, Yonkers and "Mile Square" constituted the township, within the Manor of Phillipsburg. Mile Square is a famous tract which, according to tradition, was given by Frederick Philipse to his daughter Annetje, as a dower portion, upon her marriage. The township as it now exists was organized in 1788, at that time the name Yonkers being given to it officially by the Legislature of New York State, to distinguish it from nineteen other towns comprising the County of Westchester. YONKERS AND ITS POINTS OF INTEREST. THE REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD. During the War of the Revolution, Westchester County was the scene of great activity, both armies at various times gaining decided advantages here. The topography of the country is particularly adapted to stragetic manoeuvres, and the best possible use was made of this fact by the opposing Generals. Yon- kers and its immediate surroundings, while not the scene of active hostilities, on many occasions was nevertheless an important point, and the fortunes of war placed it first in the hands of one and then of The Hudson, Opposite Yonkers. the other of the contending forces, the change of occupants occurring several times. Mile Square, on account of its sheltered position and proximity to the water, was a favorite camping ground with both armies during the time of their occupancy of the position. Many of the apple trees which served as hitching posts for the troopers' horses are still standing. The famous American Rifle Corps was stationed here in 1776 and from here crossed the Bronx river to worry the flank of the British army while on its way to White Plains. After the battle at the last named place, the victorious British returned to Mile Square. The country round about abounds in places and houses made famous by events occurring during the revolutionary period. An old tavern on the road between Mile Square and the village of Yonkers that was, is pointed out as the hostelry of a Frenchman named Gainos who supplied the American forces with good cheer during the time they occupied Mile Square. He was afterward killed, and it is a common superstition of the neighborhood, that his ghost is to be seen on the anniversary 01 his death, wandering about the old house. Yonkers at present is a large and prosperous city, situated on the east shore of the broad Hudson immediately above the northern boundary of New York City. It occupies one of the finest positions, geo- graphically, in the vicinity of the Metropolis, its proximity to which gives it great commercial advan- tages. On the north it is bounded by Greenburgh, and on the east by East Chester, or rather the Bronx river. It has a frontage of nearly eight miles on the Hudson, and extends back from the river an average of three miles. It was incorporated as a town on April 12th, 1855, its area at that time covering one and a half miles on the river front by half a mile in width. The act to incorporate was amended in 1857, and again in i860, 1868 and 187 1, on each of which occasions the township limits were increased. YONKERS AND ITS POINTS OF INTEREST. 7 EDUCATIONAL. In point of educational facilities and the excellence of its schools Yonkers is not surpassed by any city of equal size in the United States. The public school system was inaugurated over one hundred years ago, the first school house being located on Tuckahoe road. The course of instruction was ex- tremely rudimentary. To quote from the historical address of Trustee Rudolf Eickemeyer, delivered at the dedication of the High School, " from this tiny shoot, planted a hundred years ago, has grown, under the care of the people, a sturdy Westchester oak, with eight mighty branches. Yet the growth in size is not by any means the most important growth. As the little hamlet of a hundred years ago grew into a New High School and Library Building. village and the village into a city of 32,000 inhabitants, the three R's no longer satisfied the wants of the people. Better schools and better methods were called for and introduced, and the consolidation of all our schools was but the natural result." When the old school district was divided into two distinct dis- tricts it was done because it was believed that the first covered too much ground for intelligent super- vision. So the old district was split into two, and a separate Board of Education was provided for each. Mr. J. A. Nichols had charge of one district, known as No. 2, and under his supervision it had grown from 400 pupils to 1,350 at the time when the consolidation was effected. The other distric No. 6. under the care of Mr. Thomas Moore, had 792 pupils enrolled when the schools were reunited. At this time there were five separate School Boards in the city, each of which had charge of a school house. The consolidation was not effected without difficulty, each of the School Boards objecting to plans for a union proposed by the others. Finally a bill was drafted which met with general approval, and on July 12th, t88i, it was enacted by the Legislature, and under its provisions a Board of Education was appointed to take charge of all the schools. Mr. J. A. Nichols was retained as Superintendent, and the work of har- monizing the varying courses of instruction was begun and pushed to completion, the result being a sys- tem of great effectiveness. The best methods of instruction were sought out, investigated and applied, the result being the adoption of the natural method of developing the mentality of the child. The co- education of the sexes was introduced in all grades. The Kindergarten system was made part of the 8 YONKERS AND ITS POINTS OF INTEREST. primary course, and a central school was formed of the higher classes from each of the other schools. Out of this central school developed the fine High school cf which Yonkers is justly proud. Since the present Board of Education came into office, with the new order of things, three new school buildings have been erected in addition to the High School. To quote again from Mr. Eicke- meyer's address : "In all its work in the erection of buildings, the Board has followed the best example in school architecture found in the country. The older buildings, too, have had due consideration, and many improvements in their sanitary condition have been introduced." Frederic Shonnard, President of the Board of Education, said in his address on the same occasion j " Notwithstanding these improve- ments, and the addition of a High School course, the greatly increased efficiency of the corps of teachers the great advances made in music and drawing and the establishment of the Public Library of nearly 9,000 volumes, the financial management of the board has been so prudent and conservative that the cost per pupil of supervision and instruction has not increased above what it was under the old district system, when the taxpayers voted for each annual budget. The district reports of schools Nos 2 and 6 f for the years 1877, 1878 and 1879, show an average annual cost per pupil of $22.30, while the average cost for the year 1890 is $22.25." The High School and Library building was erected in 1890 and formally dedicated on the 8th of November of that year, in the presence of a large audience, composed of Yonkers' leading citizens. The building is a handsome and imposing structure, built on the most approved plan of school architecture. The architect was Warren R. Briggs, of Bridgeport, Connecticut, whose vast and special experience in the problem of school building insured a perfect example of such work to the people of Yonkers. The Public Library, which occupies one portion of the building, is greatly appreciated by the citizens, which statement is attested by the fact that the number of those who make use of it averages, daily, one hundred and twenty-five, while for the year 1890, about thirty-five thousand people availed themselves of the privileges it offers. In spite of the limited means of the Board for purchasing new books, it has gotten together a library of nearly 9,000 volumes, including the representative books of every age and nation. As it is intended for the general public, few if any professional works on theology, medicine or law are included in the collection, but here are to be found books suited to all other classes and occupations, from the student to the farmer, the mechanic to the merchant. THE WATER SUPPLY. Yonkers has a highly efficient service of exceptionally pure water. The report of the Water Commissioners for the fiscal year ending November 30th, 1890, showed that there were over thirty-eight miles ot mains laid in 107 streets. The average daily consumption was 2,176,396 gallons. The total expense of furnishing this supply was $26,132.29, or $926.20 less than in the previous year. It is proposed to make extensive additions to the service by establishing a distributing reservoir with from ten days to two weeks capacity, duplicate supply and force mains, and another pumping engine. It is estimated that the entire cost will not exceed $195,000. The City is growing so rapidly that the present facilities for supplying water are scarcely adequate to the demands made upon them. In the report for 1890 , reference has been made to the fact that applications had been received for the extension of distributing mains in the out- lying districts now but little built up, but indicating that there will be an increased demand upon the resources of the Water Department in the near future. When the time comes ample provisions will no doubt have been made to meet the requirements of the new consumers. SEWERAGE. In a city situated as is Yonkers, on hilly ground, in fact, a succession of ridges, gradually rising in altitude as the series recedes from the river, the problems making the question of sewerage such a serious matter with towns built on a plain, did not have to be taken into consideration when the question of sup- plying sewers for the city was under discussion. The natural drainage to the Hudson is so perfect that it was only necessary to follow nature's own plan, and the result is that Yonkers has a sewerage sys- tem that is not surpassed in efficiency and completeness by that of any other city in the Union. YONKERS AND ITS POINTS OF INTEREST. 9 RAILROAD FACILITIES. As a place of residence, Yonkers is not surpassed in desirability by any other town in the near neighborhood of New York City. Its fine location, salubrious climate and the beauty of the country in which it is situated, combined with its ready accessibility to the great Metropolis, all assist in making just what is wanted by those who desire to combine in their homes the healthful and invigorating in- fluence of the country with the conveniences and comforts of the City, and at the same time reach their New York offices quickly and conveniently. In the latter respect the railroad facilities offered by Yonkers are unsurpassed. Not only has it ready communication with the City of New York through the many trains of the New York Central and Hudson River Railroad, but it is directly connected by the New York and Northern Railroad with the The Getty House, Banks and Northern Depot. elevated railway system that insures rapid transportation to all parts of New York. Those who have the leisure to travel by water are afforded the opportunity by the various local steamboat lines and the magnificient floating palaces of the Albany Day Line of Steamers. The first surface railroad was projected in 1864. On January 2ist'of that year, a meeting of the Directors of the u New York and Yonkers Railroad Company," was held at the Getty House, to discuss the question of establishing a line of horse cars within the limits of Yonkers. Plans were perfected and immediate preparations were made to take the necessary steps to put the road into operation. Consent was obtained from the town authorities to lay tracks from the Hudson River Railroad station, through Main, Mechanic (now New Main), and Spring Streets, and South Broadway to Kingsbridge, thence up North Broadway to the north line of Yonkers. A single track with the necessary turnouts, was laid southerly to Moshulu and northerly to LaKe Avenue, and in October of the same year cars began running. The road was operated for nineteen months at a great loss, the receipts being only $10,676, while the expen- ditures ran up to $21,975. For the first ten months the fare was ten cents over any part of the road, but even at that rate it could not be made to pay. At that time the population of Yonkers was but 13,000, and it must have required much faith in future possibilities to have induced the New York and Yonkers Railroad Company to lay out $79,817 on TO YONKERS AND ITS POINTS OF INTEREST the road bed equipment and station for their road. They were not altogether disheartened by the result of the first year and a half of their experience, and on December 21st, 1865, the Boara of Directors held a meeting for the purpose of reorganizing the company and issuing new stock. The attempt was not a success, and street railroad interests in the town languished during the next twenty years. In January, 1886, anew company was organized and incorporated. Being composed of energetic business men they soon got their project under way, and on February 14th, 1887, the new road was opened to travel, so that Yon- kerrs is now supplied with an efficient horse railway service, which is capable of extension as the demands for transit facilities within the city limits increases, as in a town of such rapid growth as Yonkers is sure to be experienced in the near future. Already this probable contingency is being taken cognizance of, and a company has been organized for the purpose of equipping and operating a line of electric cars. As, however, there has been much opposition raised by property holders along the proposed route to the em- ployment of electricity as a motive power of street conveyances, the project for the present remains in abeyance. St. Joseph Hospital. The New York and Northern Railroad completed its line to Yonkers in 1888, and the road was in operation in April of that year. The terminus in Yonkers for the first year was a shed-like structure that had been erected to temporarily accommodate the arriving and departing passengers, and afford storage room for cars, etc. The present handsome, commodious depot was completed in April, 1889. YONKERS AS A MANUFACTURING CENTRE. The location of Yonkers, its proximity to New York, and its extensive water front upon one of the greatest rivers of the world, admirably fits it for a manufacturing centre. Naturally, therefore, its manu- facturing enterprises are great and varied, employing in combination a vast capital, and affording the means of employment to thousands of the residents of the city. Among the flourishing enterprises located here are a flouring mill of large capacity, sugar refinery, carpet mills, breweries, elevator works (the latter being the largest of its kind in the country), morocco works, agricultural implement factory, stair build- ers, sash, door and blind makers, wood working establishments, and factories where are produced general machinery, carriages, men's wear, rubber goods, iron castings, silk and wool extracts, beside many minor industries. YONKERS AND ITS POINTS OF INTEREST CITY GOVERNMENT. Yonkers became a city on the first day of June, 1872, at which time its population was 17,200. It was divided into four wards, and a board of officers was constituted, consisting of a Mayor, City Clerk and Common Council, the latter composed of eight aldermen. The first Mayor was James G. Courter, William Doty being elected to the office of City Clerk. The first President of the Common Council was Ethan Flagg. Under the township form of government the metropolitan police patroled Yonkers and had full jurisdiction over all matters pertaining to the duties of a police department. In The Manor House, Erected in 1682. (Now Occupied by City Government.) Since this photograph was taken, the Soldiers' Monument has been erected on the Lawn. 187 1, however, it was given a police force of its own, by an Act of the New York State Legislature. A Board of Police Commissioners was appointed, and the first members of this Board were Charles Dusen- berry, R. W. Cobb, Joseph Reene and Dennis McGrath. In 1873 an Act was passed authorizing a water supply for the City of Yonkers, and the service was inaugurated the following year. The City is lighted by gas and electricity. In 1868 the old Philipse Manor House was purchased by the town to be used for public purposes. It was put to a very practical use, being, as before stated, occupied bv the City Government. Very few alterations have been made in the ancient structure, and only such as were absolutely necessary to fit it for its new duties. The Council room is in what was the attic, in the north end of the house. The City Court occupies the apartments that were us^d as kitchen and dining room. The Water Commissioner's office is located in the the principal chamber, while a large room at th e western end is used by the engineers of the Water Department. The Mayor's office and the City Clerk's room occupy the old parlor. On the first floor the City Treasurer, Receiver of Taxes and Board of Assessors find office accommodations in the former drawing and sitting rooms. Beside the officers above enumerated, there is a Board of Excise, Board of Health and Board of Education. There is also a Board of. Fire Commissioners. Yonkers as yet has no paid fire department, but the volunteer brigade is a very efficient organization. 12 YONKERS AND ITS POINTS OF INTEREST. YONKERS' PART IN THE CIVIL WAR. The first call for troops to aid in putting down the great rebellion, found the patri- otic citizens of Yonkers ready and anxious to do their duty. The prominent men of the place, includ- ing John T. Waring, the then President of the village, were earnest in the support of the Union, and it did not take them long to show in a substantial way that Yonkers was heart and soul in the cause of pre- serving that Union. A town meeting was hastily called, and the invitation for volunteers was promptly accepted by seventy-five men, who in a short time were on their way to the front, as the first company from Yonkers. They were commanded by Captain John Smith, a fitting namesake of the hardy old ex- plorer whose name and exploits are so closely identified with the early history of one of the seceding States — Virginia. This company was followed by others, and during the four years succeeding the people of Yonkers again and again displayed their loyalty and patriotism by furnishing means and men to assist in prosecuting the war. On land and sea the services and lives of these men were given freely in the defence of the principles laid down by the constitution of the United States. The people of Yonkers have reason to feel proud of their achievements, their patriotism, and their sacrifices. It was fitting that a memorial as enduring as the Union they fought to preserve should be erected in their honor, to perpet- uate the remembrance of their bravery and to serve as an object lesson to teach succeeding generations the nobleness and dignity of public duty unselfishly performed, and how much they owe to the self-sac- rificing performance of such a duty by the men whose deeds the monument commemorates. THE SOLDIERS' AND SAILORS' MONUMENT. The project of erecting a monument to the soldiers and sailors of Yonkers was taken in hand by a committee consisting of Charles E. Gorton, President ; John C. Shotts and Galusha B. Balch, Vice-Pres- idents ; E. Alexander Houston, Secretary ; John W. Oliver, Treasurer ; J. Irving Burns, William L. Heermance, Charles R. Otis, Joseph F. Daly, James Stewart, S. Francis Quick, William F. Lawrence, F>dward Underhill, Matt. H. Ellis, J. G. P. Holden, James Millward, James V. Lawrence, William Allen Butler, J. Harvey Bell, Ethelbert Belknap, Frederic Shonnard, Stephen H. Thayer, Edward A. Quick, Augustus Kipp, Charles E. Allison A. O. Kirkwood, William Welsh, Walter Thomas, William F. Moller and James Sheriden. Subscription blanks were circulated, and the responses were prompt and liberal. In a short time enough of the fund had been raised to warrant the beginning of the work of erecting the shaft, and very soon afterward the entire sum needed — $13,000 — had been subscribed. The dedication and unveiling of the monument took place on Thursday, September 17th, 1891, amid a great concourse of people, and with grand military and civic ceremonies. As was said by the Hon. Orlando B. Potter, the orator of the day, at the opening of his address, " it was most fitting that this dedication should occur on the anniversary of the battle of Antietam, the first great battle in which the Confederate Army of In- vasion was defeated and driven back, and by which it was made certain that at whatever sacrifice of life and treasure the American Union must and would be preserved." The monument is a handsome shaft of polished Barre Granite, surmounted by a granite statue of a Union standard bearer in the attitude of protecting the flag from the enemy. This shaft, which is com- posed of one stone, is two feet, nine inches square at the base, two feet, three inches square at the top, and sixteen feet, three inches high. Surmounting the pediment cap, on each of the four sides, is a bronze statue. That on the east side represents the infantry. The navy is represented on the west side, the artillery on the north and the cavalry on the south. Under each of these statues, on the four sides below, are engraved, in the order above named, the following inscriptions : " Patriotism. To Honor tne Men of Yonkers Who Fought to Save the Union, 1861-1865" ; "Courage. The Union must and shall be Preserved — Jackson"; "Endurance. The Union is the Palladium of Our Safety and Prosperity" ; "Valor. My Paramount Object is to Save the Union — Lincoln." On the four sides of the base are these inscriptions : " Slavery Abolished "; " The Union Saved "; " Credit Maintained "; " Let Us Have Peace — Grant." The monument is nine feet square at the base and forty-six feet high. It is a grand and YONKERS AND ITS POINTS OF INTEREST 3 noble work of the sculptor's art, and as it stands before the old Manor Hall — itself a monument com- memorating events in the history of Yonkers two hundred years before — the aim of the Association to whose zeal and patriotism the people of the city are indebted for this beautiful shaft — their belief that it will impress upon the beholder the value of the Union, and inspire patriotic instincts is fulfilled. THE HEWSPAPERS. Yonkers is well supplied with newspapers, there being two dailies and several good weekly publi- cations. The oldest paper is the Yonkers Gazette, which was established in 1852, by Thomas Towndrow, who at that time was the Westchester correspondent of a number of New York city papers. He gave it the name of the Yonkers Herald, and published it weekly. He was associated with Thomas Smith, a Getty Square, Looking North. printer, but after some disagreement which occurred soon after the partnership was formed, Mr. Town- drow withdrew. Mr. Smith continued the publication of the paper until 1864, when it was purchased by the Yonkers Democratic Publishing Association. Mr. E. K. Oimstead and Mr. J. G. P. Holden edited it jointly for a time. Then Mr. Oimstead went to New York to assume a position on the editorial staff of the Journal of Commerce. The name of the paper was changed from the Herald to the Gazette in 1864, and has since been under the able editorial management of Mr. Holden. He secured a controlling inter- est in the stock in 1866, and shortly afterward purchased the remainder. The paper is widely known not only in this immediate vicinity, but all over the United States, being frequently quoted by other journals. It is fearless and independent, with a leaning to the Democratic side in politics. Mr. Thomas C. Cornell, to whose suggestion the Herald, afterward the Gazette, owed its birth, he having by a chance observation impelled Mr. Towndrow to establish that paper, soon lost his interest in the journal owing to its political views being at variance with his own. He was, therefore, moved to em- bark in the newspaper business with a view to furnishing the Whig element of the town with a mouth 14 YQATJCEICS AND ITS POINTS OF INTEREST piece. In 1856, in conjunction with Jeremiah H. Stedwell, of the law firm of Stedwell & Mann, and others started ihe Examiner. Matthew F. Rowe, a Poughkeepsie journalist was, through the influence of Mr. Stedwell, engaged to edit the new paper. The first issue appeared in 1856, and was continued under the editorial management of Mr. Rowe until the early sixties, when it and the Clarion, which was started in 1 86 1 , was purchased by Everett Clapp, Justus Lawrence, G. Hilton Scribner and others, and were combined under the name of the Statesman. These gentlemen soon tired apparently of their journalistic venture, for we find that in 1864 Messrs Lawrence and Rowe became the proprietors, and five years later the last named gentleman was vested with the sole ownership. He conducted the paper with rare skill and success until 1881, when the property was purchased by the Yonkers Publishing Company. Mr. Oli- ver, who for some years had been associated with Mr. Rowe in the editorial direction of the paper, as- Yonkers Club House. sumed full editorial charge, and also controlled the publication department. The Statesman was con- verted into a daily on November 10th, 1883, and is one of the most progressive and brightest of the daily papers published in the near vicinity of New York City. It has an Associated Press franchise, and beside giving full and complete accounts of the local happenings, it gives the cream of all the news of this country and of Europe. In politics it is Republican, but it is independent in all matters directly affecting the people, and its denunciation of wrong doing in public places is outspoken and emphatic, whether the evil be in the party which it generally supports, or in the opposition. The other daily news- paper is the Herald, which was established in 1889. Although it took a name which has several times figured in connection with unsuccessful ventures, it is in no danger of being classed with them. It is ably edited, newsy and progressive, with substantial backing and a highly efficient editorial and repor- torial force. It is Democratic in principles, but like its local contemporaries, is independent of all party affiliation, its object being to give all the news and uphold the interests of the people against any rings or cliques. YONKERS AND ITS POINTS OF INTEREST. t 5 PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS AND CHURCHES. Yonkers has seventeen churches, including all denominations. Many of the church edifices are magnificent structures, handsome examples of architectural art. There are numbers of public institu- tions of the charitable order, and these are most ably managed and are equipped with working staffs, the efficiency of the individual members of which is of a very high order. Prominent among these is The Baptist Church. the St. John's Riverside Hospital, to which is attached a free dispensary, where the services of specialists are daily at the disposal of the indigent. Among other institutions that should be mentioned is the Nursery and Home, on Palisade Avenue, near Ashburton Street, of which Mrs. Harriet G. McDonald is Treasurer, and the St. Joseph Hospital. t6 YONKRRS AND ITS POINTS OF INTEREST Of the churches, St. John's Episcopal, which is one of the oldest as well as handsomest in the county, was founded by the Hon. Frederick Philipse, who was speaker of the Assembly in New York province from 1721 to 1728, although it was not until 1752, one year after his death, that the building was begun, according to the terms of his will, he having bequeathed the sum of ^400 for the purpose. The original structure, with the exception of the walls and tower, was destroyed by an accidental fire near the end of the last century. Daring the Revolutionary War, the communion service was carried to New York for safe keeping, and was never returned. The first rector of the parish was Rev. John liar- tow, who received his license from the Bishop of London in 1702. In 1708 there were only 250 people living in Yonkers, according to a letter written at that time by the Rector. During the Revolution the Church was used alternately by the Americans and British as a hospital, whereby it suffered much damage. In 1886 the present handsome structure was erected, and the present Rector is Rev. Alexander B. Carver. The First Dutch Reformed Church was built on a portion of the estate of Lemuel Wells, in 1844. Rev. V. M. Hulbert was the first installed pastor. Although the church was not erected until a com- paratively late date the records show that there was a Dutch Reformed congregation in the village as early as 1784. It was called the Reformed Dutch Churc h at the Lower M ills, in the manor of Philipsborough, and was incorporated September 8th, 1786. In 1828 the Methodist Episcopal Church was organized and bore the name of Christ Church. The first trustees were Joseph Oakley, Frederick Shonnard, Thomas Griffen and David Oakley. The introduction of Methodism in Yonkers is believed to date from 1771, although this point cannot be defi- nitely determined. The list of the younger churches, in the order of their organization is as follows : St. Mary's Roman Catholic, 1848 ; Mount Olivet, now Warburton Avenue Baptist, 1849 ; First Presbyterian, 1852 ; Westminster Presbyterian, 1858; St. Paul's Episcopal, 1858 ; Hope Unitarian, 1858; Central Metho- dist Episcopal, 1870; African M. E. Zion, 1871 ; St. Joseph's Roman Catholic, 1871 ; Christ Protestant Episcopal, 1872; St. John's German Evangelical Lutheran, 1873; Messiah Baptist, (colored), 1874 ; Daysp ring Presbyterian, 1879, and German Methodist Episcopal. The Right Rev. Monsignor Pr< ston, then the Rev. Thomas S. Preston, was the first resident pas- tor of the Roman Catholic Church in Yonkers, having received his appointment in the Summer of 1851, shortly after he was ordained. YONKERS BUSINESS NOTICES, SCHLUETER BROTHERS, Importers and Dealers in Fine China, Glass, Art Pottery, Lamp and Silverware, 38 Warburton Avenue, Opposite Music Hall, Yonkers, N. Y. (Telephone Call 108 B). As a general thing by far the best results are attained by dealing with specialists, for they are sure to be thoroughly well acquainted with the class of goods they handle, they carry a much larger and more desirable assortment than any general dealer, and they are in a position to quote as low prices as can be named on equally desirable articles. Proof of all these assertions may be obtained by visiting the establishment carried on by Messrs. Schlueter Brothers at No. 38 Warburton Avenue, op- posite Music Hall, for they are importers of and dealers in fine china, glass, art pottery, lamp and silverware, making specialties of these goods and offering induce- ments unequaled elsewhere. It would be impossible to give an idea of their stock by any verbal description, and it should be examined by everyone interested in such articles, and especially by everyone who contem- plates placing an order, for the firm not only cater to the most fastidious tastes, but handle all standard grades, and offer unsurpassed value in each of the many varieties of goods they have in stock. Some of the styles are controlled by them exclusively, and the very latest novelties are always on hand to choose from. The store is connected by telephone call 108 B, and orders so sent are assured immediate and careful attention, while prompt and courteous service U guaranteed to every caller, employment being given to four assistants. The firm is made up of Messrs. Gustavus and John Schlueter, both of whom are natives of Germany, and very widely known here, they having carried on their present busi- ness since 1876. TIMOTHY RYAN, Nurseryman, Seedsman and Florist, store, 57}£ Warburton Avenue, Yonkers, N. Y. Landscape Gardening and Horticultural Architecture a specialty. Grounds laid out and-Greenhouses erected and heated in the most approved manner. Originator and sole operator of the Heat Reservoir — a truly scientific principle by which means all former lost heat through the chimney is utilized ; all coal thoroughly consumed; giving a steady heat day and night, lasting twelve to eighteen hours without renewal ; doing away with all danger of fire, and a saving of 20 per cent, in labor and fuel. Can be applied to any boiler. In use for the past five years at 99 Park Avenue, on Hitching's boilers. Economic, safe, durable, cheap. The older residents of Yonkers will remember the important part which Mr. Timothy Ryan played in laying out the grounds of our oldest estates, not only in this city, but within its in; - mediate surroundings. We take pleasure in citing to Mr. Ryan's credit his years of patient labors in laying out the grounds of the Lillianthal estate in this city. We need only mention this to establish his repu- tation as an horticultural architect of unsurpassed ability and knowledge, and it is but fair to award true merit wherever it is found. Much of the surrounding beauty which characterizes the residences of our fair city is therefore due to the skill and thorough botanical knowledge which the gentleman in question possesses. Mr. Ryan established his business twenty years ago, and has always succeeded in winning high praise both from his customers and horticultural societies, the American Institute having awarded him a beautiful silver cup for the exhibition of the four best varieties of hot house grapes. The New York and Brooklyn Horticultural Societies also both awarded Mr Ryan medals fV e the first domestic grown pineapple exhibited at their fairs the same year. Other testimonials of high praise we could cite, but these will suffice to illustrate what we wish to bring out, viz : the fact that Mr. Ryan knows his busi- ness and deservedly receives the liberal patronage and encouragement of many of our wealthiest residents. He has eleven greenhouses, and employs from fifteen to thirty men, according to the seasons. Nursery stock, seeds, and cut flowers are carried in great abundance and variety at all times, and all orders receive prompt and painstaking attention. Mr. Ryan has been a resi- dent of this city for upwards of thirty-six years, and is considered as one of our most esteemed business men and citizens, REPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS MEN OE YONKERS. L. J. SCHLESINGER, Graduate of New York College of Pharmacy, Chemist and Apothecary, Dealer in Drugs, Toilet and Fancy Articles, Perfunn ss, etc., Physicians' Prescriptions Carefully Attended to at all hours. Telephone connection, No. 102. Ashburton Avenue and Summit Street, Yonkers, N. Y. No man can be engaged in any particular line of business for several years without becoming comparatively expert and well informed in it, and particularly is this the case with one who is well fitted naturally to conduct such an enterprise as he has chosen, and who has made a care- ful study of the theory, as well as had a large experience in the practice of the line of trade with which he is iden- tified. Mr. L. J. Schlesinger, who is a graduate of the New York College of Pharmacy, needs no introduction to the residents of Yonkers, for he has carried on a first- class pharmacy in this vicinity since 1882, and it is a very significant fact that those who are most thoroughly familiar with his business methods speak in the warmest terms of the advantages of trading wilh him, and "prac- tice what they preach" by giving him their exclusive patronage in the purchase of drugs, toilet and fancy ar- ticles, etc. The premises occupied by Mr. Schlesinger are located at the junction of Ashburton avenue and Summit street, and are fitted up in the most approved style, the stock carried including drugs, medicines and chemicals of all descriptions, and every facility is at hand to aid in the compounding of physicians' prescrip- tions or family recipes. Three competent and courteous clerks are employed, and this establishment is noted for the accuracy and prompt manner in which all orders and patrons are served. Physicians' prescriptions will be carefully attended to at all hours, and orders by tel- ephone No. 102 will be immediately filled, pure and fresh ingredients only being used, and no exorbitant prices are charged. Mr. Schlesinger is secretary of the Yonkers Bowling Association. He is also proprietor of Schlesinger's Boneseted Tar Balsam for coughs and colds, prepared only at Schlesinger's pharmacy. 20S Ashburton avenue. Down-town agencies: Wray's phar- macies, Getty square and Riverdale avenue. For sale at Van Houten's pharmacy, New Main street, and Johnson's pharmacy. Nepperhan avenue. ESTATE OF EDWARD CORNELL, Fur- nishing Undertakers, and Embalmers, and Livery Sta- ble Keepers, Nos. 147, 149 and 151 New Main Street. Yonkers, N. Y. The citizens of Yonkers will remember the late Edward Connell. He had been an honored member of this community for many years, and at many an hour of bereavement his sympathetic tenderness had been felt in spite of the hard, cold duties his profession called upon him to perform. It is not within our province, however, to eulogize the memory of Mr. Con- nell, much as we feel that it should be done, still we can- not refrain from casually making mention of the founder of the enterprise which we herewith chronicle in our work. Mr. Connell founded the enterprise in question in the year 1870. Thus we see that it has been almost twenty-two years before the public, and we need not say that its deceased founder had brought it to the highest degree of success attainable in this business. It is now under the ownership of the estate of the deceased, and efficiently managed by Mr. J. H. Curran, well known to our people in this city. Mr. Curran wishes to announce that the business, as in the past, will continue to meet the demands of mortality. Embalming is made a specialty, and a well equipped livery stable will furnish horses and carriages at all hours and for all purposes, especially for funerals, weddings, etc., etc. The estate owns a handsome white hearse and have twelve horses. WILLIAM H. McVICAK, Manufacturer of (Jalvanized Iron Comic*--, Mouldings. Fimals, etc.. Slate and Tin Roofing. Hoofs Repaired and Painted. Pange and Heater Work. Gas Fitting and Jobbing of all Kinds. No. 8 Main Street, near Getty Square, Yonkers, N. Y. The enterprise conducted by Mr. William Mc- Vicar in our city was founded by him in the year The gentleman in question is a native of New York, but is very well known in this section. He learned his trade of master mechanic in the business, and as he proved to be an apt pupil, has heroine skilled himself, lb- has a model shop at No. :{ Main street, eqirpped with all the latest new and improved machinery, to execute all kinds of sheet metal work. M«*. McVicar is an extensive galvanized iron and oopper cornice manufacturer, his work in this line being pronounced the height of per- fection. Mouldings and rinials of all designs are also turned out by him, and both slate and tin roofing an carefully executed in a woi kinanlike manner. Mr. Mr- Vicar's shop is 2ox?o feet in dimension and is admirably adapted for the purposes to which it is put. Hetwe* n five and ten expei ieneed mechanic an- afforded employ- ment and all commissions are promptly filled. Plumb- ing and gas fitting come in for a large share of attention and repair work of all kind in tin, iron, copper and other metals is a specialty. Mr. McVicar is highly esteemed and deserves the liberal encouragement ac- corded him. J. O'CONNELL. Wholesale and Retail Gro- cer, No. 131 Main Street, Yonker«, N. Y. There are enough grocery stores in Yonkers to supply the demand of a city much greater in population than ours is, and we really wonder how they all exist. The better class of gro- ceries, however, by carrying the best goods and ouoting low prices manage to succeed, and if Mr. O'Connell had not more than held his own in the four years he has been in business in this line, we fear he would have given it up. We are therefore led to infer that his is one of the first class establishments we speak about, and in truth, it is, for Mr. O'Connell has spared no pains to make his store look attractive, and carrv the best of everything in Flour. Teas, Coffees, Sugars. Spices, Canned Goods, etc., etc., ever since he started in business. He employs three competent and polite clerks, and personally superintends all filling of orders and sees that they are promptly delivered. As to the prices quoted, none in town can compare favorably with them. L. J. KELLY, Harness Manufacturer and Dealer in Trunks, Satchels and Traveling Bags, No. 70 Main Street, Yonkers, N. Y. The business which Mr. Kelly carries on in our city was founded by him in the year 1S66, thus we see that it is twenty-five years old. There are not many live men in our city who have carr'ed on a business as many consecutive years as this. It is therefore clearly demonstrated that Mr. Kelly is well- versed in the harness making business, and that he must in this long period of time have succeeded in establish- ing a good business, and he indeed has. Mr. Kelly is a thorough mechanic and whatever he does in the harness line is sure to be done well. He makes harness to order and always has some on hand which he offers for sale at living and reasonable prices. He makes a specialty of repairing as well, and is moderate in charging. In con- nection with, his harness business he carries a full line of horse furnishing goods, such as whips, robes, pads, combs, etc., etc. He also handles trunks, satchels, valises, traveling bags, etc. He has one of the best lines of these goods in the city. He employs two assistants and is pre- pared to execute all work entrusted to his care at short notice. We take pleasure ; n recommending his store. REPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS MEN OE YONKERS. 19 JOHN BUCHANAN, (late with Lord & Taylor, Broadway and 20th St.), Practical Upholsterer, 60 N. Broadway, Yonkers, N. Y. Furniture Re-Uphol- stced, Covered and Repa ; red, Curtains Hung, Poles and Shades put up, Carpets, Oil Cloths and Mattings Fitted and Laid, Slip Covers Cut and Made, Mattresses Made Over. One of the best and most favorably known of our Yonkers business men is Mr. John Buchanan, whose es- tablishment is located at No. 60 North Broadway, and it would be surprising if he were not well known, for he is a practical upholsterer, and has carried on business for himself here in Yonkers since 18S9, and was formerly with Messrs. Lord & Taylor, seven years in the carpet department. His attention is devoted principally to upho'stering, and fitting and laying carpets,in which he has built up a steadily increasing trade. Mr. Buchanan is a native of Scotland, and is very well known through- out Yonkers and vicinity. He occupies premises at No. 60 North Broadway, and gives employment to three competent assistants. Furniture will be re-upholstered, covered and repaired, curtains hung, poles and shades put up, carpets, oil cloths and matting fitted and laid ; also slip covers cut and made, while the prices will be found to be low in the extreme for durable work and first-class material. No similar house in this vicinity can offer more pronounced inducements in its special line than can the one under notice. Mr. Buchanan's experience enables him to protect the interests of his customers, and guarantee that all repairing, etc., done at his establishment shall be both neat and durable. Specialties in carpet fitting and laying. C. B. CAKLING, Bicycles and Small Ma- chinery repaired, Skates ground, 62 North Broadway, Yonkers, N. Y. The inventors and engineers of the present day receive, and deserve great credit for the many wonderful mechanical contrivances they originate and perfect, but while duly commending their enterprise and ingenuity, the public shou 1 d not forget to give a fair share of the cudit to the machinists whose skill enables these inventions to be properly manufactured. Inven- tors of half a century or so ago were greatly hindered by the inaccuracy of the machinists of that day. Mr. C. B. Carliug, of Yonkers, has won a high reputation for the uniform accuracy and general excellence of his work since he began operations here in 1889, and has built up a large and increasing machine jobbing and repairing business. Mr. Carling is a native of Yonkers, and very well known throughout this vicinity. He is a skilled mechanic, and employs only competent assistants, thus being in a position to fill all orders in a satisfactory manner, at short notice, especially as his shop is equipped with improved machinery. Bicycles and small machinery will be repaired in a most satisfactory man- ner, at short notice ; also skates ground to order. The premises occupied by Mr. Carling are located at No. 62 North Broadway, and cover an area of 20 by 40 feet, where every facility is at hand to do machinery repair- ing of all kinds at reasonable rates, carefully chosen stock being used, and satisfaction being guaranteed in every instance. LOUIS SCHMITZ, Confectioner, 103 Main Street, Yonkers, N. Y. This business was started in 1880, by Mr. Charles Phieffer, who was succeeded by the present proprietor, Mr. Louis Schmitz, in 1887. Among the many confectioners in this community there is not one who has served his patrons more satisfactorily than Mr. Schmitz. He has shown ingenuity and tact in dis- charging the difficult duties of his profession, and has striven zealously and intelligently to anticipate and fully provide for the wants of his patrons. The combination of ability and experience which Mr. Schmitz brings to bear upon the direction of his business renders him able to guarantee satisfaction to his customers, and to pro- vide 1 he best possible service at the least expense. The premises occupied are 15x60 feetin dimensions, and con- tain every necessary requisite in the carrying on of such an enterprise, and the confectionery manufactured here will bear comparison with any o'her maker in this vicin- ity, bothas to the quality and price. These goods are sold at moderate prices, and an extensive retail business is done in this department. Three competent assistants are employed, and orders are given prompt and careful attention. Mr. Schmitz is a native of Brooklyn, New York, and he deserves the reputation he has gained for his energetic business methods. Ice cream and con- fectionery are served for parties, balls, receptions and church festivals. JOHN STAHL, Jr., Druggist, No.T S. Broad- way. Opposite Getty House, Yonkers,'N. Y. Although Mr. Stahl has just opened a new pharmacy in Yonkers, with- in the past few months, it does not follow that he is a novice at the business, for the public will remember his having been identified with the Mitchell Pharmacy for the past ten years. He had in fact been acting manager for the past few years, and acquired ihat thorough knowl- edge of the pharmaceutical profession which nothing but actual and practical experience can bring about. Mr. Stahl is a graduate of the class of '87, College of Phar- macy, New York City. We feel sure of voicing the sen- timents of hundreds of Mr. Stahl's past patrons and friends when we say that we wish him success, and in this connection we earnestly invite the public to patron- ize this store. Mr. Stahl's drugs and medicines are all fresh and pure, as well as the fine stock of druggist's run- dries, toilet articles, perfumeries, etc., etc. The store is very attractively fitted up. A costly and beautiful soda water fountain is an attractive feature. M. BASHFOKD, Carriage Maker and Builder, Nos. 104 and 106 Main Street. Yonkers, N. Y. Repair- ing neatly and promptly done. This prosperous and well known establishment is the oldest of its kind now standing in Westchester County. It was originally founded about seventy-five years ago by Mr. James Bashford, when many of what are now streets in Yonk- ers were at that time mere footpaths. Mr. Bashford died in 1880 at a ripe old age, having lived an honored and esteemed member of the community. His successor was his son, Mr. John Bashford, who also died in 1889. Since this event the enterprise has been conducted in an able manner by John Bashford's sons. Moore and John C. and Edward V. Basr.ford, under the firm name of M. Bashford. This firm is as noteworthy for the superior work which it turns out as it is for its vener- able age, and we wish to recommend it very highly to the readers of our work. The factory is located at Nos. 104 and 1 06 Main street, Yonkers, and takes up three floors each 50x100 feet in dimension*. The 5,000 square feet of flooring which this takes up are utilized to their fullest capacity and are divided off into an office, carriage re- pository, blacksmith's shop, varnish room, carpenter's shop, trimming room and lumber yard. Carriages of every description are built to order from the seasoned wood to the varnish room. Twelve skilled workmen are employed, two of whom have been with the house for thirty-five years. The old " homestead"' stands back of the repository, and is a "landmark "in history. To those who are looking for fine work and soundly con- structed vehicles we advise calling at this old reliable carriage factory and repository. 20 REPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS MEN OE YONKERS. H. L. HUNTINGTON, Piano Dealer, No. ]5 Riverdale A venue, Yonkers, N. Y. In this article we wish to point out to our music loving readers an estab lishment in our city where pianos of recognized high grade and excellence may lie procured at as low rales as can be quoted by any concern in the business which re- ceives its instruments direct from the factory where they are manufactured. We have special reference to the ware rooms and store conducted by Mr. H. L. Huntington, who has now been identified w ith the piano line in our midst for nearly four years. Mr. Hunting- ton inaugurated his enterprise here with a determina- tion of proving to the public that lie could furnish the most celebrated pianos at a much less cost than New York dealers are able to quote. This is explained when we consider the fact that the latter have enormously high rents to pay, and that they, to meet this heavy expense, are forced to charge the purchaser extra to "get even." Not only this, for in purchasing an instru- ment m New York City, the purchaser is also taxed for freight also, while Mr. Huntington, who receives his instruments direct from the manufacturers, is able to sell an instrument at surprisingly much more reasonable terms. If our readers will but pause to consider, and examine into the truth of what we say, when about to select and purchase a piano, they will see that we have pointed out to them a way in which to save from twenty-five to fifty dollars on a good instrument. Dur- ing his business career in our midst Mr. Huntington has sold pianos to hundreds of our wealthier citizens who understand perfectly well what we have set forth. Now, then, is it not fair to presume that these men, who could well afford to pay the difference, would do so if there was any advantage to be gained by purchasing in New York ? Certainly, but there being no advantage to be gained, and, in fact, the advantage being in favor of buying "at home," they patronize Mr. Huntington, who prides himself upon carrying the celebrated Hardmao piano, so sweet in tone, susceptible to the touch, rich in volume and in beauty of design and finish. There is no instrument on the market to-day so universally recognized as being worthy of high praise. 1. It is the most durable piano made. 2. It improves under usage. 3. It has more volume of tone than any other instru- ment. 4. It stands in tune longer than any other piano. 5. It is the only piano with the new patent harp-stop. 6. It is the only piano with the new metal key support. 7. It is unequaled in action. 8. It leads all others among the best people. 9. It is the handsomest piano made. 10. And, most important of all, it is sold at an honest price. C. E. YEKKS, Dealer in Rubber Stamps of Every Description and Window Screens and Doors, 55 Main Street, Yonkers, N. Y. It is but within a ' com- paratively few years that rubber stamps have come into use, and our readers have no idea of the many and vari- ous purposes to which they are put. It is, however, true that the rubber stamp business is an important one to be engaged in and one which is now found in almost every city in the Americas and Europe. Every office should have its own stamp. The convenience of one is never truly appreciated until one has been purchased and put into actual use. It is estimated. that there are 300,000 rubber stamps in use to-day in New York City alone. This figure demonstrates clearly the greit advantage it is to have one of these useful articles. Mr. C. E. Yerks is agent for these goods in Yonkers, at No. 55 Main Street, and is prepared to take orders at low rates. He has an office 18x30 feet in dimensions and well stocked with stamps of all sorts and sizes. They are within the means of all. Mr. Yerks also manufactures window screens and doors to order at moderate rates. A LliKIiT SIEVERS, Design- and Maker of Fine Furniture, No. 58 North Broadway, Yonkers, N. Y. Special attention paid to Restoring and Renovating of Antique Furniture. The day when every parlor was furnished after a stereotyped model has gone In ne ver to return, and every attempt is now being made to secure a pleasing individuality, thus affording an excellent op- portunity for the display of taste in selection and arrangement. By utilizing the opportunities now pre- sented in this town it is possible to furnish a parlor or even a whole house handsomely at a comparatively moderate expense, and one of the best wa> s to accom- plish this desirable result is to place an order with Mr. Albert Sievers, who is a designer and maker of fine fur- niture, aud whose place of business is at 58 North Broadway. Mr. Sievers is a native of Germany, and has been identified with his present line of business here in Yonkers since 18SH. The premises are centrally lo- cated, and in addition to the designing and making of furniture Mr. Sievers pays special attention to restoring aud renovating antique furniture, the best work being done at very reasonable prices. Two competent assist- ants are constantly employed, customers being assured prompt and courteous attention at all times. Mr. Sie- vers' business is increasing steadily, and it is pleasant to note a success so honestly won. MAHONY, the Hatter and Gents' Furnisher, 28 North Broadway, Yonkers, N. Y. It is safe to assume that there is not a resident of Yonkers of adult age who does not know of "Mahony the hatter," for Mr. Mahony is a native of Yonkers, has carried on opera- tions as a hatter and gents' furnisher for more than ten years, (having begun in 1880), and is one of those active and enterprising business men who keep themselves prominently before the public by the simple but by no means easy process of furnishing first-class goods at bot- tom prices. Mr. Mahony caters expressly to that very numerous class who wish to dress correctly, and will be- grudge no reasonable expense in order to do so, but will not pay fancv prices, and his stock always includes the latest novelties in hats, neckwear, gentlemen's hosiery, underwear, dress shirts, outing shirts, etc., together with an exceptionally complete assortment of canes and umbrellas. Employment is given to three competent assistants, and callers are assured prompt and polite at- tention, while in view of the reputaion of the establish- ment it seems almost unnecessary to add that every ar- ticle is sure to prove precisely as represented. JOHN" EMBREE & SON, Dealers in Fine Family Groceries and Provisions, 130 Nepperhan Ave- nue, Yonkers, N. Y. Among the attractive and impor- tant mercantile establishments which line this avenue will be found that of Messrs. John Embree & Son, dealers in choice family groceries and provisions. The Messrs. Embree founded their enterprise in the year 1878. Both gentlemen are natives of Yonkers, and consequently well known in this vicinity. They are well-known successful and reliable business men, and esteemed members of the community. Their business is increasing every day, and it is found necessary to re- tain the services of three experienced salesmen to successfully dispatch the daily routine work attendant upon filling the orders of patrons. Their store is heavily stocked with flour, teas, coffees, spices, canned goods, sugars, and all the goods that go toward making up a first-class grocery store. It is 41x50 feet in dimensons, and every inch of available space is utilized to its fullest capacity. In fact, were we to name a half dozen of the leading and best grocery establishments in Yonkers, we would surely include that conducted by Mr. John Embree & Son. Orders are called for and delivered free of charge. REPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS MEN OF YONKERS. 21 ISAAC S. LAWRENCE, Horse Shoeing Establishment. All Work Guaranteed and Promptly and Neatly Executed, Interfering and Forging Pre- vented, 47 North broa lway, Yonkers, N. Y. A horse is something more than a machine, and even if he were a machine, and a strong one. too, he would be very apt to break down at times under the abuse to which he is subjected. Probably more suffering and injury to horses is caused by defective shoeing than by any other one thing, and no horse owner can afford to let his ani- mal be shod by a man who is not thoroughly experi- enced and competent in every respect. Try it yourself. Put on a pair of shoes unfitted to your feet, too small or too larg^, or having nails that penetrate your skin ; go out on to the cobble stones and drag a carriage or wagon after you, and see whether you can stand it or not. Horses shoes should be a protection; in too many cases they are positive injury. Hunt up a skillful horse shoer. It is well worth your while, for it may save you the price of a valuable animal, to say nothing of the humanity which should make every man worthy the name hate to see a dumb bea«t suffer. We can help you in your search, for we can direct you to No. 47 North Broadway, where you will find the establishment con- ducted by Mr. Isaac S. Lawrence. This business was originally founded in 1865, by Mr. H. H. Lawrence, the firm being changed in 1870 to H. H. Lawrence & Son, and was so continued until 1880, when Mr. Isaac S. Lawrence, the present proprietor, assumed the entire management of affairs. He controls one of the best ap- pointed horse shoeing establishments in Yonkers. Em- ployment is given to only careful and efficient assistants. A large business is done, and all work guaranteed promptly and neatly executed. Great care is taken to prevent interfering and forging, as the hoofs of each animal are carefully fitted. TERRACE CITY MARKET, 156 River- dale Avenue, Yonkers, N. Y. Choice Family Market- ing, Pork Products, Sea Food, etc.. etc. John P. Lewis Prop. Mr. John P. Lewis' establishment, known as the " Terrace City Market " was established in the year 1887, by Mr. Thomas A. Daly, and came into the pres- ent proprietor's hands in the year 1890. Mr. Lewis is a native of Yonkers and has bos s of friends in this city who were pleased to see him branch into business for himself. They gave his enterprise their heartiest sup- port, and he has endeavored to serve his friends to the best of hU ability. How well he has succeeded in doing this is evidenced by the fact that he is doing a splendid business whi^h seems to increase every day. This proves that Mr. Lewis serves good meat to the public, and in fact, his beef, veal, lamb, mutton, pork, hams, bacon and other meats are the best procurable upon the market and he or she must indeed be hard to suit if his meats are not liked. Carrying the choicest of every- thing, Mr. Lewis yet is moderate in his prices, hoping in this way to build up a still larger trade than he already has. He respectfully solicits the patronage of our readers, and we hope they will accord Mr. Lewis a share of it. FREY'S Yonkers Steam Cleaning and Dye- ing Establishment, 129 New Main Street, Yonkers, N. Y. Branches, No. 70 6th Avenue, also No. 8849th Ave- nue, between 57th and 58th Sts., New York City. Ladies' and Gentlemen's Garments Cleaned and Dyed without being taken apart. All kinds of Flannels, Blankets, Lace Curtains and Carpets Cleaned by a New Process. Orders received by mail. Mr. Frey was born in Ger- many, and founded his extensive steam cleaning and dyeing enterprise in the year i860, in New York. As may be seen from the heading of our article he not only con- ducts an enterprise in Yonkers, but two branches in New York City. In Yonkers he retains five experienced assistants in the business to look after his interests. These are invariably courteous and obliging at all times and all orders will receive prompt attention. The premises occupied in our city are 30x60 feet in dimen- sions, and are equipped with all the facilities and mechanical devices to successfully carry on the business. Cleaning and dyeing are performed in all their branches ; silk, cotton, woolen and lace goods of all kinds being handled. Wool, broche and crepe shawls, geut'emen's garments, rugs, piano and table covers are cleaned in a superior manner, while woolen and silk goods, moreen, satin and damask, and ribbon are dyed in the most satisfactory and pleasing manner. The prices are very reasonable. Those who have such work to be executed would do well to take it to Mr. Frey's establishment, either here or in New York. Mr. Frey has a wagon which calls for and delivers orders all over Westchester County. J. P. STEWART, Contractor, Carpenter and Builder. Shop, No. 2 Woodworth Avenue, Yonkers, New York. Mr. Stewart originally inaugurated his business in 1880, in company with a Mr. Edmunds, but in 1885 he assumed full control of the enterprise and has since suc- cessfully carried it on alone. Mr. Stewart is a native of Yonkers aud has spent the greater portion of his life here at home, so that he has hosts of friends both busi- ness aud social. He employs from fifteeu to twenty-five skilled mechanics. His shop is 25x75 feet in dimensions and occupies two floors. It is equipped with machinery of the best make and contains aU the usual necessary facilities and apparatus to successfully carry on building operations. Mr. Stewart has built up many fine residences in this town, and all proclaim his works as thorough ir every detail. Parties contemplating building should place themselves in direct communication with him. We are pleased to recommend his services to our readers, as Mr. Stewart is an exemplary business man of integrity and ability. EDWARD A. SWITZER, Carriage and Wagon Maker and General Blacksmith, Carriage Paint- ing aud Trimming, Jobbing promptly attended to, 54 Main street, Yonkers, N. Y. Among the well conduct- ed and prosperous enterprises of this busy city will be found that of Mr. Edward A. Switzer, manufacturer of vehicles of all kinds, general blacksmith, carriage painter and trimmer. Mr. Switzer is a mechanic of no mean ability, andhas bad years of experience . s a prac- tical carriage and wagon builder, founding his present enterprise in 1885. He is prepared to build vehicles of all kinds to order, and we cari assure our readers that if they give Mr. Switzer an order for a carriage or wagon, that he will build it to their entire satisfaction in a thor- oughly constructed and workmanlike manner. Compe- tent workmen are engaged to help Mr. Switzer, for his business is large and increasing. The premises utilized are 25x125 feet in dimensions. As we have said, car- riage painting and trimming are also done. Mr. Switzer, while executing the finest of work, does not charge exorbitant prices for it. He only asks to be allowed to retain a living marginal profit. Try it and see. 22 REPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS MEN OF YONKERS I). W. GUMMING, Practical AwniDg Mak- er, Awnings, Tents, Flags and Window Shades Of all kinds, Awning Attaching nts of Every Description in Stock, Out of Town Orders Promptly attended to, No. IK Main Street, Yonkers, N. Y. It is a good policy to patronize a home establishment whenever possible, and especially so when anything in the line of awning and cabinet making or upholstery work is desired, for such articles are intended to be used for years, and it is but common sense to obtain them of somebody whom you know to be reliable, and who guarantees his goods to prove as represented, and has the name of carrying out his guarantee to the letter. Such a man is Mr. D. W. Camming, who is a native of Keyport, N. J., and has carried on his present line of business in Yoakeil since 1885. The premises made use of are located at No. 114 Main Street, covering an area of some 1,000 square feet. Besides giving special attention to awning mak- ing, Mr. Cumming is extensively engaged in cabinet making and upholstery work. Carpets will be cut, sewed, altered and laid: Mattresses made and remade: al- so awnings, tents, flags and window shades of all kinds made to order; awning attachments of every descrip- tion are kept constantly in stock, and, in fact, every facility is at hand to enable all work in either awning or cabinet making, and upholstery to be executed in the most satisfactory manner. Out of town orders are promptly attended to, while the prices charged are the lowest, consistent with the employment of first- class labor, and the use of the best material. A. A. HUGHES, Successor to EL S. White, Dealer in Hardware, House Furnishing Goods, Stoves and Heaters. Plumbing, Gas Fitting and Tin Rooling. Licensed to introduce city water, 10 Palisade Ave- nue, Yonkers, N. Y. Experienced housekeepers do not need to be told that a so-called " cheap " stove is dear at any price, for they have had an op- portunity to find out that the waste of fuel and of time brought about by such a stove soon amounts to more than the cost of a first-class article. Not that we advo- cate paying fancy prices for stoves, but there is such a thing as wasting five dollars to save one, and this is done t»y those who look only at the first cost of a range or heating stove, without regard to its economy or durability. Many improvements have been made of late years, and to surely " get the best" place your orders with such a dealer as Mr. A. A. Hughes. The store comprises two floors, each covering an area of 1320 square feet, being very conveniently located at No. 10 Palisade Avenue. An extensive tinning and plumbing business is done, requiring the services of nine assist- ants. Every order is assured immediate and careful attention. Mr. Hughes is able to quote the lowest mar- ket rates in every department ot his business and to guarantee every article sold to prove just as represented in every respect. THE YONKERS HAT MANUFACTUR- ingCo., Yonkers, N. Y. 'The enterprise conducted by the Yonkers Hat Manufacturing Company holds the leading position among the representative under- takings of this section, and deserves much more ex- tended mention than the limitations of space allow us to give it. It was inaugurated in 1883, and the officers of the company are Messrs. William H. Belknap, Presi- dent ; Ethel bert Belknap, Treasurer, and William R. Mott, Secretary, the trustees being Messrs. L. E. Bel- knap, James Stewart, Jr., and W. H. Belknap. All the gentlemen mentioned are natives of either New York or Connecticut, and are too widely known in business and social circles to call for extended personal mention. The Company operate a very huge and • Ihn.-ni plant, the premises made use of comprisi'".' lour buildings from two to three stories in height and var\ing in di- mensions from HIOxM) to 25.x H(j feet. They contain a most elaborate plant of the latest improve I machinery, driven by a 1<»<) horse engine, employment being gi\ safe to say that when Mr. Longbotham cannot supply a certain artie'e in the line of fish, it is not to be had in the Yonkers market, and it is also safe to assert that at 110 establishment in the town is better value given for money received. CITY STEAM LAEXDKY, Cor. Paligade Avenue and Elm Street, Yonkers, N. Y. P. N. Jacobus, Proprietor. We sometimes hear people say they can't afford to send their clothes to a public laundry, but in the majority of such cases if the matter were accurately figured out it would be found that as a matter of fact they can't afford to have their washing done at home, if they did but know it. Everybody knows how "wash day" upsets the average family, making a vast amount of extra work, causing ever}' one to feel uncomfortable, and filling the house with steam and bad odors: and many know that physicians trace many a serious case of sick- ness to this "economical'' practice, which thus saves laundry bills, and gives the doctors a chance to make a dollar. Those who patronize a laundry have one solid satisfaction at all events — they know just what this washing is going to cost them, and that is much more than can be said of those who consume fuel, and hire help to expose their families to sickness, and after all don't attain such satisfactory results as are assured to all sending their goods to a first class public establish- ment, as for instance the City Steam Laundry, located corner of Palisade Avenue and Elm Street. Mr. P. N. Jacobus, the present proprietor, succeeded Mr. G. E. Kenochan, in 1889. The gentleman in question is a native of Newton, N. J., and has many friends in this city. The premises in use are 50x50 feet in size and are equipped with the latest improved apparatus, which not only insures the work thoroughly done, but enables Mr. Jacobus to quote very low rates. No defective work is knowingly allowed to leave the laundry. Employment is given to twelve competent assistants, and the largest orders can be executed at very short notice when the occasion requires. REPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS MEN OF YONKERS. 3 J YONKERS PAINTING & DECORATING Co., Fine and Ordinary Paper Hangings, from Selected Designs, Paints, Oils. Varnishes, Dry Colors, Etc., Re- lief Decorations and Room Mouldings, Oil-Stucco and Intericr Decorations a specialty, Agents for Caiman's Elastic Spar Varnish, 23 Warburton Avenue, Yonkers, N. Y. Everybody kuovvs how much well painted houses and signs add to the appearance of any city or town, and it is a safe rule to judge of the prosperity and intel- ligence of a community by the degree of care exercised in keeping its buildings up to the standard. Intelligent people know that paint is at least as useful as it is orna- mental, and that the surest way to keep a house in sound condition is to see that its wood-work is well protected by paint at all times. In this connection we may fit- tingly call attention to the facilities possessed by the Yonkers Painting and Decorating Co. , in the execution of all orders for house, sign and ornamental pointing of all kinds, for such work is done the most cheaply where it is done the most skillfully. The Yonkers Painting and Decorating Company employ twenty skilled assist- ants, and the results attained will bear the closest exam- ination, and the most severe comparison with the work of any competent painters, for they use good stock, spare no pains to apply it to the best advantage, and make no exorbitant charge*, their terms being as low as is consistent with the methods employed. The Yonkers Painting and Decorating Co. was established in 1889, the individual members being Messrs. Louis Jungman. Charles Swedberg, Michael J. Sullivan and William Reed. The premises utilized by these gentle- men are located at No. 23 Warburton Avenue, and con- tain a large and varied stock of fine and ordinary paper hangings, paints, oils, varnishes, dry colors, etc., as well as relief decorations and room mouldings. Oil-stucco and interior decorations being made a specialty. We have no hesitation in assuring complete satisfaction to all who may avail themselves of the service of the com- pany under consideration, both as regards the quality of the work and the rost of the goods dealt in. All work entrusted into tiie care of this company is executed un- der the personal supervision of one of the members of the firm, which is a guarantee of its fine work and finish, only skilled workmen being employed. The firm can refer patrons to a list of prominent residences in this city in which it has executed truly artistic work. HENRY V. DOYLE, Upholsterer, Furni- ture repaired and finished, Carpets* and Mattings cut, fitted and laid, Hair Mattresses made over, steamed and purified by the use of the latest and most approved New Machinery. Feather Beds and Pillows made and Moths destroyed by Steam, 47 Dock Street, Yonkers, N. Y. Mr. Henry V. Doyle is a native of Yonkers, and has car- ried on his present business here since 1884. He is an upholsterer, and is fully competent to undertake the up- holstering, repairing and finishing of furniture in the latest and most approved style. He is a'so prepared to execute orders for cutting, fitting and layiug carpets, mattings, etc., at short notice and at very reasonable rates ; in fact, his prices for all work in every depart- ment of his business are as low as the lowest. Mr. Doyle's shop is located at No. 47 Dock street, and is of the dimensions of 28x20 feet. Employment is given to four thoroughly competent assistants, and all work en- trusted to Mr. Doyle is assured execution that will prove entirely satisfactory to customers. A specialty is made of making over, steaming and purifying hair mattresses, in a superior manner, with the usage of the steam pro- cess, and Mr. Doyle is ready to give the closest atten- tion to all orders left at his shop, and to guarantee that no misrepresentation will be made in any respect. WASHINGTON MARKET, Hartshorn & Ingham, Dealers in Beef, Veal, Mutton, Lamb and Pork, also Poultry, Game and Fish, 20-22 North Broad- way, Yonkers, N. Y. Fruits and Vegetables of all kinds in their season. Riverdale customers serv* d by wagon daily. Telephone call 66. The enterprise con- ducted by Messrs. Hartshorn & Ingham, and known as the "Washington Market," is well worthy of interest and inspection, as there is not a similar establishment in this town ; more entirely reliable or more capable of serving the public to the host advantage. Operations were begun here by the firm in question in 1884. The firm is composed of Mr. F. O. Hartshorn and Mr. W. H. Ingham. Both gentlemen are natives of New York State, and they are very well known in this section. The premises occupied are located at Nos. 20 and 22 North Broadway, and are 50x80 feet in size, and contain a fine stock of meats, comprising beef, veal, mutton, lamb and p^rk, and also poultry, game and fish, fruits and vegetables are also carried, end a fine variety is offered in their season. Employment is given to 15 assistants and customers may depend upon receiving prompt attention, and of having orders filled and de- livered promptly. Only choice articles are offered, and they may be had at prices that will compare favorably with the lowest market rates. H. P>. JONES, Commission Merchant, Yonk- ers, N. Y. Butter and Eggs a specialty. Mr. H. B. Jones is a native of Pennsylvania, and is veiy generally known in business and social circles throughout this section, he having carried on operations here for nearly thirty years. During the first quarter-centui he was in the grocery trade, but since 1888 he has carried on a wholesale commission business in country produce, making a leading specialty of butter and eggs. The premises utilized by him comprise two floors, each 25x 50 feet in dimensions, and always contain a very heavy and complete stock, which is constantly being renewed; Mr. Jones being thus in a position to fill all orders with- out delay, and to furnish goods of standard merit at the lowest market rates. His promptness in making re- turns especially commends h'm to producers, and the care he shows in protecting their interests has given him a standing among them which enables him to choose from the most advantageous sources of supply, and cater successfully to the most critical trade, especially as regards butter and eggs. REPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS A/EN OE YONKERS CITIZENS' NATIONAL BAKE, Getty- Square, Yonkers, N. Y. The Citizen* National Bank has made a record since its incorporation in 1873, that makes its name serin singularh app opriate, for the bank has been nianngod on broad .ni l liberal principles from the very fiist.the interests of the citizens as a whole being thereby greatly promoted, while those of the bank have also been greatly advanced by the popu- lar Confidence and. good will which such ;i policy is sure to'create. Not that the principles of management have been or are lax in the least. On the contrary, the Citi- zens' National Hank adheres strictly to conservative methods, never going outside the bounds of purely legi'imate banking, and al ways placing the maintenance of the absolute solvency of the institution far beyond any other consideration, but the management is pro- gressive as well as c >mervative and offers a service ad- mirably adapted to the demands of the present day, comprehensive in its scope and prompt and efficient in its action. The hank has a capital of $100,000, and a surplus of $50,000, and its financial condition is excel- lent, the assets being even more remarkable for their favorable cha-aeter than for their large comparative amount. But after all. the standing of no institution, and particularly of no financial institution, can be accurately judged if the important factor of who is identified with it is left out of the reckoning, and it is a noteworthy and gratifying fact that the favorable im- pression made by the sound financial condition of this bank is greatly deepened by the individual standing of the officers and directors, as all well informed readers will agree after examining the following list: President, C. K. Warms; Vice-President. Peter J. Kiting: Cashier, J. H. Keehr; Directors. C. R. Dusenbury, Henry \\. Hicks, Charles K. Waring. E. J. Elting. Peter .1. Biting, H. J. Andrns, Isaac M. Dyckman, William Fred. Law- rence. Andrew Devo, Joseph A. Lockwood, Jacob Lefevre, John H. Keeler, Fred. Van Storch. The bank- ing rooms are located in Getty Square, and are very completely fitted up. the equipment including a tire and burglar proof vault, the advantages of which are not confined to the bank, as it contains safe deposit boxes which are rented to responsible parties at moder- ate rates, and which afford an absolutely secure place of deposit for jewelry and gems, as well as for bonds, deeds, wills and other valuable papers. The bank re- cently purchased at a cost of $32,500, 27^x100 feet of the Getty House building, which forms its present quarters. GEORGE ERLING, Confectionery, Ice Cream, Ice Cream Soda, etc, 42 Warburton Avenne, Vonkers, N. Y. Families and Parties supplied at Short notice. This establishment, which ranks among the leading enterprises of its kind in this section of Yonkers, is one of the most popular. Confectionery of all kinds, also ice cream, ice cream soda, etc. Mr. George Eriing, the proprietor, established the business in 1S88, and to his superior skill, able management and untiring in- dustry is due, in a great measnre. the progress and suc- cess which has been attained during its career. A large and varied stock is bandied, including confectionery of all kinds, also ice cream, soda, etc., which are sold at wholesale to families and parties, as well as at retail. The premises utilized are 25x75 feet in dimensions, and are located at No. 42 Warburton Avenue. They are eligibly located and filled with as reliable a stock as can be found in any similar establishment. Mr. Erling is a native of this town. He is enterprising and energetic, and his business standing and general reputation, as well as the liberal manner in which the business is conducted is a subject of the most favorable comment. Three compe- tent assistants are required to attend to the numerous orders received. JAMES STANDLY, Practical Boittthoer Lame and interfering horses paid speci"! attention to, No. 40 Main Street. Yonkers, N. Y. The horseshoeing establishment conducted bv Mr. Standly at the above- address was founded by him in the year 1890. Although of but comparatively short standing, it has already gained a reputation for turning out the best work in town, at least charges. There are men who pretend thev ku«,w how to shoe a horse properly, when, if the truth were known, they know little or nothing about it. We know how it is ourselves ; for instance, supposing we were asked to draw a heavily loaded wagon over cobble stones with too small or too large, ill-fitting shoes, with, perchance, a sharp nail or two sticking into our feet, how would we like it? The case is just the same with the poor dumb beast, and many a horse has suffered and died from the excruciating agony endured from im- proper shoeing. Take your horses to men whom vou are sure know their business, then, and you will stand a show of keeping them longer. Mr. Standly is a man we can recommend to you. lie has had a life experience of actual practice and study on this subject, and can teach many who pretend to know more about horse- shoing than he does. W. II. GrARRI80N, Jewelry k Diamonds, Watch .Maker. r>.V_, Warburton Avenue. Yonkers, X. Y. It is perfectly natural, of course, that buyers of jewelry should give the preference to old established houses when placing their orders, for it it is obvious that great frauds an- possible in the handling of silch articles, and although the integrity of comparatively new concerns may not !»•■ questioned in the slightest degree, still such linns can certainly offer no greater advantage than can those of long standing, and the probability is they offer less. Then again, a jeweler who has long carried on business in one community gets to know the tastes of the people so thoroughly that his stock contains few, if any, articles which will not be thought desirable, where- as a dealer who has not had the opportunity to acquire this knowledge will, of necessity, encumber his premises with goods for which there is practically no local de- mand. A good idea of what we mean by "the first men- tioned stock may be gained by visiiing the store of Mr. W. H. Garrison, at No. 5 V , Warburton Avenue, for the gentleman carries a very large and varied assortment, and has an experience extending over many years to guide him in catering to Yonkers' patrons. Mr. Garri- son, who is a native of Yonkers, is a thoroughly practi- cal watch and clock maker, and has been identified with his present establishment since 1883. The stock com- prises the very latest novelties in jewelry, diamonds and watches. Mr. Garrison makes a specialty of making old fashioned "stair" clocks, now so fashionable in the honies of the wealthy. These are also repaired and thoroughly overhauled when in need of it, at reasonable rates. MAY'S OPERA CIGAR STORE, 36 War- burton Avenue, Yonkers. N. Y. There is but one sure way of distinguishing a good cigar, and that is to smoke it, for in spite of the claims of self-styled "ex- perts," we question if there be a man living who can in- fallibly judge by any other means. Examination will tell whether a cigar is well made or not, and whether it is well seasoned or not, but beyond this, it avails but little, and, therefore, the smoker has one surety that he will not be imposed upon, and that is the reputation of the dealer from whom he buys. Mr. C. F. May has long had the name of selling thoroughly satisfactory cigars at moderate prices and this name is so well de- served that we feel that we can do our readers no greater service than to call their attention to this gentleman's REPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS MEN OF YONKERS. 33 establishment at 36 Warburton avenue, for here may be found a remarkably complete assortment of cigars, to- bacco, and smokers' articles of all kinds, and the prices are as satisfactory as the goods themselves. The store is 12x50 feet in dimensions, and though Mr. May only took control of this enterprise in 1890, it is an old estab- lished and well known business, the present proprietor having succeeded Mr. John C. Dannerlein. Employment is given to two assistants, and callers are assured prompt aud polite attention. Mr. May is a native of New York City. PARK HILL LIVERY AND BOARDING Stables, 336 S. Broadway, Junction of Main Street, Yonkers, N. Y. Telephone Call, 355. Dudley F. Val- entine, Proprietor. The enterprise which Mr. Dudley F. Valentine conducts in our city, was established by him in October, 1890, and although it is of but compar- atively recent origin, it enjoys a standing and patronage worthy of houses of much longer establishment in Yon- kers. Mr. Valentine is well prepared to meet the de- mands of the public, for he owns sixteen valuable horses, which he lets at very reasonable terms. Coaches and carriages of every description also abound at his stables, and vehicles are furnished for all occasions. Boarders are taken and given the same care which the proprietor's horses receive. Mr. Valentine offers special inducements in this connection, and respectfully invites the attention of horse owners who want to board out their animals. Mr. Nathaniel Valentine, father of the proprietor of this enterprise, is the well known real estate owner of that name in our city. He sold the tract upon which is being built the seminary. We know Mr. Dudley Valentine's stables to be a first-class estab- lishment of its kind, and hope our readers will patron- ize it. ROBERT HARPER, Plumbing and Gas Fitting. City Water introduced. No. 36 S. Broadway, Yonkers, N. Y. Telephone 314 A. Mr. Robert Harper founded his business in the year 1861, and its subse- quent prosperous growth is indicative of an active, able, and popular management. The premises occupied em- brace an area of 35x7.5 feet, and are heavily stocked with everything pertaining to the trade. The work executed by Mr. Harper and his force of from fifteen to twenty men is said to be excellency itself, and we do not hesi- tate to believe the saying, for we know Mr.Harperto be a skilled and practical sanitary plumber and general mechanic. He was born in England, but has resiHed in this country the greater part of his life. He is always open to engagements and contracts, and furnishes esti- mates or plans free of charge. He has put in the plumbing, gas fitting and steam heating apparatus in many of the finest business blocks and private resi- dences in Yonkers. Architects and contractors seek his services, and we advise our readers to do likewise when they decide to build. Repairing and jobbing are done in a neat and prompt way, and all charges are moderate and based on the usage of good material and the em- ployment of skilled labor. M. T. BURNS & CO., Mouldings, No. 38 Nepperlian Street, Yonkers, N. Y. This business was started in the year 1889, arj d- it has succeeded to a degree hardly anticipated by the gentlemen in ques'ion them- selves. They employ about six men. The shop com- prises two floors, each 25x50 feet in dimensions, so that 2, 5oo square feet of flooring is available, and these are utilized to their fullest capacity. The machinery used in the works is of the latest and most improved make and order, and turns out work which no one can criti- cise. None but skilled hands manipulate the machin- ery, so all work is properly executed.. Messrs. Burns and Croft attend to all proceedings in person, and thus doubly insure the turning out of the best finished mouldings. These are made after any pattern desired, for the firm have all sorts of knives, and should a job come in which requires a special knife, there are men here who are capable of grinding their own knives to any shape. To our readers interested in mouldings we recommend the firm of Burns & Co. Estimates cheer- fully furnished and a large stock continually on hand. The " Company" in the above firm name is Mr. William Croft. Both of the members are natives of our city, and highly esteemed citizens and business men. Fine Footwear, EEEE GUINZBURG, No. 12 N. BROADWAY, YONKERS, N. Y. There is no single article of dress which the average person exercises more care in choosing than that of foot- wear, and there is excellent reason for this, for not only one's personal appearance, but one's- comfort, also, is largely dependent upon the boots or shoes worn. Those who have made a study of the matter assert that no two individuals' feet are exactly alike, there being cer- tain peculiarities of shape in every instance, the same as there are certain peculiarities of feature, which ren- der every individual distinguishable from his fellows, and as this is the case it is evident that the only way to properly cater to all tastes and all requirements is to carry so large a stock that the most varying demands can be satisfied. In this connection we may properly call at- tention to the assortment offered by Mr. L. Guinzberg at No. 12 N. Broadway, for this is complete in every department. Thepremists occupied are 52x55 feet in dime n ions, and fine foot-wear of all kinds, combining quality, ease and comfort can always be found here. Employment is afforded five efficient assistants, and prompt and courteous attention is assured to all, bottom prices being quoted on all the goods dealt in. This en- terprise was established in 1890. JEFFEKSON MARKET, L. Busch, Pro- prietor. 124 New Main Street, Yonkers, N. Y. Orders Called for and Promptly Delivered. The Jefferson Mar- ket in this city was founded in 1889 by Messrs. Busch & Bescher. In 1891, however, the present p~ >prietor assumed entire control, and the business is increasing every day. The services of three assistants are necessi- tated to execute the regular daily business of the mar- ket, and delivery teams patrol tne territory calling for and delivering orders. The prompt service of this mar- ket and the extremely low prices which are quoted on the best meat are the features which have had most to do with the high degree of success Mr. Busch has met with, The choicest cuts of beef, veal, mutton and lamb are constantly on hand, preserved with the greatest of care, a spacious ice box being used for this purpose. The store is 25x50 feet in dimensions and is always well kept and clean. Mr. Busch is a native of New York, and has hosts of both social and business friends here and in the city. We invite the readers of this work to place their meat orders with the Jefferson Market, 34 REPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS MEN OF YONKERS. KRED J. MAXEY, Superintendent of the Singer Sewing Machine Company for Westchester County, New York. Office and Warerooms. No. 18 South Broadway, Yonkers, N. Y. It may not be known to some of our readers, that Mr. Singer, the inventor of the world renowned sewing machine which hears his name, was a resident of our own city when he invented it ; yet such was the case, and our citizens should be proud to boast that Yonkers cradled what to-day is one of the most gigantic manufacturing enterprises of the world. It is an acknowledged fact that the great inventor was obliged to borrow forty dollars to build his first machine, and some of our older residents well remember Mr. Singer's familiar face about town. To- day the Singer Sewing Machine Company have large factories at Elizabethport, N. J., Cairo, 111., South Bend, Ind., Kilbowie (near Glasgow), Scotland, Vienna, Aus- tria, and Montreal, Canada. One million sewing machines are annually produced of about fifty different varieties, being manufactured to cover every known work where sewing is needed, both in the manufactur- ing industries and domestic arts. It is estimated that nearly 10,000 hands are employed in the factories and nearly 50,000 canvassers employed in all parts of the world. This gives an idea of the immensity of this company and its correspondingly great reliability. The machine in question is without a peer, and it is a well known fact to those who are posted upon such matters, that in Yonkers and its suburbs especially, three-fourths of the sewing machines used, both for family and fac- tory purposes, are ** Singers." All orders taken by canvassers in Westchester County pass through the hands and inspection of Mr. Fred J. Maxey, General Superintendent for this county. This gentleman has been in the sewing machine business eleven years, and has been with the " Singer " as superintendent for seven years. All who have ever had dealings with either him or his agents will testify that in every instance the machine sold has proved to be just as represented, the best in the world. We counsel such as have not bought this indespen sable household article yet to do so at their earliest opportunity. In so doing they will save time and money, and the eye-sight of over-worked wives, mothers or sisters. T. R. HEINRICHS, Real Estate and Fire In- surance, Room 2, Post Office Building, Yonkers, N. Y. This ably conducted and popular real estate and fire in- surance agency was established and is conducted by Mr. T. R. Heinrichs, one of the most popular and es- teemed young business men of Yonkers, who has a thorough and practical experience in the details of in- surance and enjoys a widely extended, liberal and in- fluential patronage, which has been secured by reason of upright dealings which have governed his transac tionR with all classes of customers. He is prepared to quote lowest rates on dwellings, stores, hotels, churches, mills, factories and stocks of merchandise, household effects, etc. Further reason of his success has been that he represents only solid and honorably managed companies that afford every safe-guard to poiicy holders, and invariably promptly meet all claims. His list comprises the following powerful and reliable corpora- tions, viz : Franklin Fire Insurance Company, of Phila- delphia, Pa., Hamburg-Bremen Fire Insurance Com- pany, of Hamburg, Germany, Glens Falls Fire Insur- ance Company, of Glens Falls, N. Y., Agricultural Insurance Company, of Watertown, N. Y., and others. Mr. Heinrichs also assumes the entire charge of estates, collecting rents, securing responsible tenants, effecting repairs in the most judicious manner and permanently maintain : ng all properties placed in his hands at the highest standard of productive efficiency, ADAM KIRCH DTP, CARPENTER & BUILDER, ELM STREET, COPCUTT'S STONE MILL, YONKERS, N. Y. Mr. Kirchoff founded his present enterprise in com- pany with Mr. Theodore Van Dusen, in the year 1881. In 1888, however, the latter gentleman retired from the firm, and Mr. Kirchoff has since ably conducted it alone. He makes a specialty of " Queen Anne " houses, still private residences of all styles of architecture are also undertaken by him. The Post Office building and the Washburn building, in our city, were erected by him. Anybody at all familiar wiih the building frater- nity in Yonkers will rank Mr. Kirchotr among the A-l builders. Estimates are cheerfully furnished both on job and contract work. Mr. Kirchoff employs from fifteen to fifty skilled workmen, according to the contracts under way. We cheerfully recommend his services to the public. JOHN EYLERS, First-Class Meat Market, Choice Family Groceries, Wines. Liquors and Cigars, Riverdale Avenue and Prospect Street, Yonkers, N. Y. Telephone 2-i2. One of the neatest, best ordered and managed meat markets and grocery stores in Yonkers, is the well known and deservedly popular establishment conducted by Mr. John Eylers. He founded it in the year 1874, and its popularity and fast growth has been something remarkable. The store is 50x50 feet in dimensions (or 2.500 square feet), and is nicely fitted up, clean, neat and excellently kept in every respect. A large and first-class stock of both groceries and pro- visions is always carried, including choice S ate and Western beef, prime Canada mutt< n, lamb. veal and pork, also selected Philadelphia poultry, game of all kinds in their season, hams, bacon, salt and smoked meats, sausages, bolognas, lard and groceries also in full assort- ment and stock. Eight efficient clerks are employed and lowest prices prevail. We invite the readers of this work topitronize such a model establishment. Mr. Eylers is President of the Yonkers Bowling Association. W. BEUTLER, Dealer in Dry Goods, No- tions, Ladie=»' and Gents' Furnishing Goods and German Woolen Knitting Yarn, 46 Riverdale Avenue, Yonkers, N. Y. There is not a family in Yonkers but what is mor-. or less interested in the subject of dry goods, notions and ladies' and gents' fnrnishings; we, all of us, need some article found represented in one of these de- partments, and we should know where to get what we •want at the cheapest price, and at the same time secure the best there can be had. To those who do not already know that the establishment which Mr. William Beutler conducts is the best place to go to, we wish to volunteer the information that such is the fact. Mr. Beutler inaugurated his enterprise nearly twelve years ago, and has learned that the only way to succeed in his business is to offer the public goods of true worth at lowest price. He has followed out this policy, and to-day enjoys a large and steadily increasing patronage, which requires the assistance of four clerks. These are always ready to furnish information and polite attention to all who visit the store, whether they buy or not. The premises utilized are 20x50 feet in dimensions, and contain an exceptionally fine and varied assortment of goods in both ladies' and gents' furnishings, dry goods and notions. Your patronage is respectfully solicited. REPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS MEN OP YONKERS. 55 CHESTER W. NEWMAN, Real Estate and Fire Insurance, 34 Warburton Avenue, Yonkers, N. Y. There are many real Estate and Fire Insurance Agents in Yonkers, and it may be said that in no line of busi- ness is more enterprise aud activity shown ; and no class of men are more devoted to the interests of the com- munity, or more ready to cooperate in the furtherance of any well advised movement, hiving for its object the advancement of the public welfare. Among those giv- ing their attention to Real Estate and Insurance matters in our city, mention should be made of Mr. Chester W. Newman, having an office at No. 34 Warburton avenue. Mr. Newman is an ative of this S.ate, and f junded his present business in 1887. He is prepared to discharge all the duties incidental to the conduce of a first-class, real estate office, including the collection of rents and the assumption of the entire charge of property of non- residents, and those who do not wish to have the cares and annoyances inseparable from active management. Fire insurance will be effected at short notice, and at the most favorable rates, Mr. Newman representing such standard companies as the following : Springfield Fire Insurance Co., New York ; Germania Fire Insurance Co., New York ; NationalFire Insurance Co., Hartford; Phoenix Fire Insurance Co., Hartford ; Manchester Fire Assurance Co. of England ; Metropolitan Plate Glass Co., New York. FOX'S House Furnishing Goods Store, 139 New Main Street, is the place to go when in need of Housekeeping Articles. Some time ago the house re- ferred to in this article issued a circular to the public, and it was entitled as follows, viz: "Our Promises Fulfilled and Our Expectaions Realized." The circular set forth that when the above referred to establishment was opened for the first time to the public the manage- ment had assured its new friends, the people of Yon- kers, that it would sell at such low prices that they would have no necessity of going to New York to pur- chase house furnishing goods in the future. At the time it made such bold promises, the management expected as a result, to have a fair share of the trade of this com- munity, unless it had a better liking for New York than for its pocketbook. We are pleased to chronicle in our work that the expectations of said management were fully realized, and that it found the people of Yonkers and vicinity to be as wise and economizing as any other community, as is evident every day by the purchases they make at its store and by the assurances which many give it that they do sell cheaper than they can buy in New York. With these assurances, Mr. Fox, proprietor of the establishment in question, doubled the capacity of his shelf room in order to display a portion of the necessities for housekeeping, such as coal hods, fire shovels, furnace scoops and pokers, stove pokers, lifters, pipe, elbows, rings, dampers, stove platforms, zinc, ash sieves, ash and garbage cans, kerosene oil cans and a thousand other things in china, crockery, tinware, ironware and woodenware, all cf which you are cordially invited to inspect, without absolutely being expected to purchase, and satisfy yourself that Fox's house furnishing goods store at No. i39 New Main Street, is the place to go to when in need of housefurnishings. SICKLEY & DUBOIS, New York Bakery, Bread, Cakes and Pies, Wedding Cakes and all kinds of Fancy Cakes a specialty, No. 135 Main Street, Yonkers, N . Y. The largest bakery in Yonkers is the one con- ducted by the gentlemen whose names appear in the heading of this sketch. The enteprise was established in the year 1887 by Mr. M. E. Sickley, and in 1889 the E resent firm, composed of Messrs. S, W. Sickley and J. «. Dubois assumed control. Both gentlemen are natives of Yonkers, and are well and favorably known in this vicinity as business men and citizens of push, energy and strict integrity. Their large and ever in- creasing business warrants the employment of ten men. The produ tion of this bakery in brea-1, cake and pies cannot be excelled, if even equalled. None but the very best fl >ur, sugars and other ingredients are used in the baking, and as only skilled bakers are employed it is not to be wondered at that good results are attained. Join the long list of regular patrons which this model bakery has and be satisfied with your cake, pie and daily bread, both in quality and price. BYRON BARKER, Artist Photographer, No. 49 Warburton Avenue, next door to the Theatre Entrance, Yonkers, N. Y. The illustrations of Yonkers in the historical sketch were taken by Mr. Barker. Of this able artist's work, however, we wish to say more, for in compiling this book on Yonkers, we have aimed at giving credit to true merit wherever we have found it. Speaking more particularly of the photograph- ers in this city, therefore, we are pleased to credit Mr. Barker with the foremost prominence in the ranks of those engaged in his profession. Having devoted his entire lifetime in this branch, it is not surprising that Mr. Barker should have acquired the high degree of per- fection we attribute to his abilities. Those who have lived in Yonkers for the past quarter of a century or more will remember Mr. Barker as in what was Mr. H. S. Wyer's studio at No. 16 North Broadway, in this city. Here Mr. Barker learned his profession, and all who knew Mr. Wyer are aware that he was an artist who made his mark while in our midst. Mr. Wyer is now residing in Nantucket, Mass. Young Barker remained eleven years with the gentleman in question, going to Iowa with him for a year, " viewing.'' In company with Mr. Herbert Y. Skinner. Mr. Barker bought out Mr. Wyer in the year 1888, and a year later he became sole proprietor of the establishment. In January of 1890 Mr. Barker sailed for Habana, Cuba, to perfect himself in his art, in the world-renowned studio of the celebrated photo-artist Signor A. Zendequi & Co. Having now attained the highest degree of training and perfection in photography, Mr. Barker returned to this, his native town, and opened his present studio. It is 50x100 feet in dimensions, is lighted by electricity, and covers two floors, twelve elaborately furnished rooms being utilized. Mr. Barker purchased the best pharaphernalia used in the profess on, and fitted up his studio with a view of furnishing every convenience to facilitate operations and assure the ease and comfort of his patrons. It required a great outlay of money, but as this outlay was spent in the right direction, it has built up for Mr. Barker a busi- ness second to none in our city. WM. H. ANDERSON, Manufacturer of Fine Harness, Yonkers, N. Y. Everybody knows that 11 practice makes perfect,'' and as Mr. Anderson has been engaged in the manufacture of harness for many years he certainly ought to be reasonably perfect by this time As a matter of fact, he has the reputation of producing harness that has but few equals and no superiors in the market, and although he does not advertise to sell a first-class harness at less than the cost of the stock used in its manufacture, it is conceded by practical men that no concern in the State gives more genuine value for money received. He has every facility at hand for the doing of custom work in a uniformly superior manner and at short notice. Experienced workmen are employed, and no fancy prices are quoted, while the goods are in every instance guaranteed to prove just as repre- sented. REPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS MEN OF YONKERS. JOHN J". DEVITT, ^PRODUCE DEHLER.i*- Warburton Avenue, Yonkers, N. Y. Commission Merchandise, Fruits, Eggs, Butter, Grain, Farm Produce, Etc. Lowest Market Prices Quoted. JOHN J. UEYITT, Warburtnn Ave., near Car. Main St. THOMAS A. WALSH, Druggist and Phar- macist, Getty Square, Yonkers, N. Y. This popular pharmacy occupies the most prominent and central posi- tion in the business portion of Yonkers, and has but re- cently been entirely renovated inside and out. The inter- ior forms the most spacious pharmacy in the city, as well as the most attractive. Special attention has been paid in the arrangement of the laboratory, with a view of pro- viding every facility to successfully carry on the busi- ness of compounding prescriptions. A French plate glass three feet wide by six long, facing the prescrip- tion desk, reflects the entire interior of the store, and a large portion of Getty Square. No less brilliant is the large soda water fountain, a feature in itself, as it is the largest and handsomest one in Yonkers. Considerable money was expended to bring about these desirable re- sults, and Mr. Walsh has wished, from the first, to give the public a model pharmacy, and a visit to the store will show how well he has succeeded. An able corps of assistants render prompt and courteous attention to patrons, and as the clerical force are all well versed in their calling, the chance of mistakes occurring are re- duced to a minimum. Mr. Walsh manufactures a cough mixture known as " Walsh's Wild Cherry, Honey and Tar. : ' This mixture has been very successfully used by hundreds of Yonkers' families. It is positively guaranteed to cure all coughs and colds, and at this sea- Bon of the year should be in very home. ARCHIBALD & CO., 18 Main Street, - - Yonkers. N Y. DEALERS EH COAL AND WOOD, Also Hardwood Lumber and Timber, Sewer Pipe, Etc . ARCHIBALD DOCK, FOOT OF ASH BURTON STREET, YONKERS, N. Y. REPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS. MEN OR YONRERS. 3; B- M. FOGARTY, Dry Goods & Notions, 13 MAIN STREET, Yonkers, N. Y. This is an opportune time to give a history of this house. Away back in 1876 B. M. Fogarty hired a small store on Varick street, New York City, with a capital of $500, but a large amount of experience gained in the service of such houses as Lord & Taylor, James Hearns, Sr., etc. Just three years after opening business B. M. Fogarty took stock, and, presto, had a clear, clean stock of goods wonh #20,000. Years passed, and many a New York belle got all the fixings necessary to her makeup at our well arranged store. Time and time again customers rode down in the Sixth avenue cars away past Macy's, and the pleasure of those days never will be forgotten. In the year 1881, with the keen eye of business, B. M. Fogarty opened a branch store at Far Rockaway, and the success of the undertak- ing is well known. Among our patrons at above place we are proud to mention : Mrs. Russell Sage, Mrs. F. B. Lord, Mrs. D. Lord, Jr.. Mrs. D. Lord, Sr., Mrs. Sheever, Mrs. Conden, Mrs. W. H. Nelson, Mrs. A. Nelson, Mrs. L. Nelson, Mrs. Burrell, Mrs. Hinckley and Mrs. Heirn- ley, Mrs. Moffet, Mrs. Wm. Brown, Mrs. H. W. Beek- man, Mrs. F. G. Brown. Miss Whittord, Mrs. G. C. Rand, Mrs. Bracker, Mrs. S. B. Brown, Mrs. Thos. F. Gilroy, Mrs. Aurbach, Mrs. E. C. LaMontague, Mrs. Dr. Curtis, Mrs. Minturn, and hundreds of others, all of whom we strove to please, and all will, we are sure, tes- tify to our ability to do so. To the lad es of Yonkers we wish to say a visit to our store would give us pleasure, and as we can cater to all the wants of the dress maker, and keep a good stock of notions, it will save you trouble and expense to do your shopping at our store. At a great cost we have fitted up a nice retiring room for ladies only, in connection with the store. Our store is cool and pleasant ; situated in the Statesman building, ventilated on both sides, east and west, customers have pronounced it cool and delightful. Among some Yonk- ers ladies who were at one time patrons of ours we are pleased to mention Mrs. Jaffrey, Mrs. Farley Clark, Jr., Mrs. Conway, Miss Upham and others. Since opening in Yonkers we have done well. We find that low prices lead, and as we never want to be undersold it is our wish that if any article in the store strikes you as being high priced just do us the favor to say so. We propose not to be undersold, and at the same time we will try to give the best value possible. We have come to Yonkers to stay, and ask the patronage ef the people of Yonkers to help us do so. In 1890 we closed up all other branches of the business, and joined fortunes with the people of Yonkers. As soon as possible we will get up a catalogue of prices, and send them to you, and promise our best service in the future. Our long experience, and facili- ties of buying from manufacturers at home, and im- porters who own factories abroad, t lable us to transact a first class business. 1876, New York ; 1881, Far Rock- away ; 1890, Yonkers, and we hope if at any time we make a mistake you will tell us of it. We want your confidence ; we want your friendship ; we know our business, and won't spare our best energy in your ser- vice, and ask you to accept che freedom of our store. Respectfully, B. M. Fogarty. New Patent Steam Camet Hi AND FEATHER RENOVATING WORKS, 20 Riverdale Avenue, Near Hudson Street. YONKERS, N. Y. And 3473 Third Ave., near 167th St., New York. TELEPHONE CAUL. 270 YONKERS. ESTABLISHED 1887. Having added the newest and most approved machinery to my works, I am now prepared to execute all work in the above line in the best possible manner. I have several machines adapted to different kinds of work, and can handle the heaviest or lightest fabrics without injury. The atten- tion of the public is directed to the following statements, as they relate to one of the greatest inventions of the age. Economy, neatness and dispatch. Old carpets made to look nearly as good as new by the latest im- proved machinery. By this method of cleaning carpets they are uniformly beaten their entire length and breadth by revolving flexible whips, which will not ir jure the finest fabric, yet thoroughly expel all the dust and moths. The dust and dirt as fast'as beaten out of the fabric, are removed from the compartments where the carpets are beaten, by an exhaust fan, which also removes and carries out of the room any moth or larvae which may be beaten out of the carpet with the dust and dirt, so that there is no possibility of their settling back on the carpet. That carpets should be cleaned, no one will deny, as thorough cleansing not only adds tenfold to the wear of the carpet, but also produces health in the household. The sanitary advantages alone are worth the price charged. The carpets should be sent to those who have a thorough knowledge of the business gained only by experience and who have the requisite machinery and compounds for executing the work, and who are at the same time reliable. Save your beds and preserve your health. Having introduced into my building a steam feather, hair and furniture renovator, acknowledged to be the best in use f r the purpose of disinfecting all moth and vermin and their larvae, I am now prepared to make contracts for disinfecting everything in the way of bed- ding and furniture. No injury to the finest material ; furs, piano covers, draperies, and hangings of all kinds. This is the only renovator of its kind in the city, and having been thoroughly tested by physicians and house- keepers, is pronounced by them to be unsur -issed in doing the work. It only needs a trial to make it fully understood and popular. This process not only purifies and renovates, but also destroys all moths and worms, and the liability thereto, and removes the disagreeable odor so common to new feathers and animal mat- ter contained in the quills. Beds are therefore made wholesome, preventing diseases ; the feathers are re- lieved from their matted condition, thereby increasing their bulk nearly to one-half, and rendering them light and lively, clean and healthy. The introduction of superheated steam is, in my judgment, the only effec- tual method of ridding feathers, hair, and furniture of moths, and I guarantee to accomplish this result with- out injury to the most delicate fabric. My arrange- ments are such that I can renovate beds and return them the same day, thereby saving all inconvenience. 3S REPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS MEN OE YONKERS. "BELL & CABLE, Livery and Boarding Sta- bles, Opposite N. Y. & N. R. R. Depot, Nos. 12 and 14 Hudson Street, Yonkers, N. Y. Telephone Call 289. Horses and Carriages at all Hours, Day or Night. A representative establishment in its special line of enterprise is that of Bell & Cable's livery stables. Mr. S. T. Bell was born in Ulster County, New York, and Mr. George A. Cable was born in the nut-meg State, (Connecticut). Their enterprise was originally founded in the year 1883 by the firm of De Witt & Eddy, the present proprietor succeeding in the year 1889. The extensive premises used as the sta- bles are comprised in two floors which are 50x100 feet in dimensions, thus furnishing 10,000 square feet of available flooring, which are utilized to their fullest capacity. The firm find it necessary to retain the servi- ces of ten men the year round to successfully carry on thf-ir large and increasing business. Twenty-five horses are kept for livery purposes and a great number of boarders are accommodated. Those who board their horses elsewhere and are not satisfied with the way they are treated would do well to place them at Bell & Cable's, where they receive humane treatment with the best of feed. Their livery horses are all good roadsters, and any sort o*f a vehicle, buggy, carriage, phaeton, sur- rey, dog-cart or wagon will be furnished at the option of the customer. AttT DYEING AND SCOU RING W ( )RKS, 120 Main Street, Yonkers, N. Y.,550 Eighth Ave., bet. 37th and 33th Streets, New York. Chr. Imandt. Cur- tains Refinished by loaandc's Method, Patented June 4, 1839. Bacteria or disease germ and its growth. The perspiration leaving the body is animal matter, for as we all know, should we not change underclothing we would be infested with such, but with that we are not through with the bacteria, for the perspiration like steam, arises through the underclothing into the outer clothing, an I with the action of the air will ferment and breed bacteria or disease germ, so that if left undisturbed will increase manifold, hence disease. Our scientist* and chemists are incessantly laboring against bacteria, knowing it is the foundation of most all diseases, as Prof. Koch is laboring on consumption, treating it limply as bacteria, ko that it we wear disease breeding clothing we must give up to the deadly germ. Tne proprietors of the Art Dyeing and Scouring Works, having given this subject careful study, are prepared to clean and disinfect wearing apparel, blankets, etc., without injur- ing the fabric; they are also the inventors of Imandt's method of cleaning and refinishing lace curtains, p it- ented June 4th, 1889, and January 10th, 1890. The factory is at 190 Main Street, Yonkers: New York office, 500 Eighth Avenue, New York City. JAMES STANLEY, Practical Horseshoer, Lame and Interfering Horses pa d special attention to, No. 40 Main Street, Yonkers, N. Y. The horseshoe- ing establishment conducted by Mr Stanley at the above address was founded by him in the year 1890. Although of but comparatively short standing it has already gained a reputation for turning out the best work in town, at least charges. There are men who pretend thev know how to shoe a horse properly, when if the truth were known, they know little or nothing about it. We know how it is ourselves ; for instance, supposing we were asked to draw a heavily loaded wagon over cobble stones, with too small or too large, ill-fitting shoes, with perchance, a sharp nail or two sticking into our feet, how would we like it? The case is just the same with the poor dumb beast, and many a horse has suffered and died frooithe excruciating agony endured from improper shoeing. Take your horses to men whom you are sure know their business, then, and you will stand a show of keeping them longer. Mr. Stanley is a man we can rec- ommend to you. He has a life experience of actual practice and study on this subject, and can teach many who pretend to know more about horseshoeing than he does. Historical Sketch of Mt, Vernon. One of the most beautiful residence places among the suburbs of New York city, is to be found in that section of Westchester county which embraces the town of East Chester, and more particularly the village of Mt. Vernon. General Washington passing through this district shortly after his inauguration as the first President of the United States, pronounced it the stoniest — thereby implying the most barren — country he had ever visited. Could Washington return now and visit the spot which he so tersel> condemned nearly a hundred years ago he would be astounded by the vast improvement wrought by the hand of man. In place of poor pastures and rock dotted fields he would find handsome villa plots, with beautiful undulating lawns, fertile garden spots, and, above all, a town aspiring almost to the dignity of a city, throbbing with the life of trade, with the hopes, the ambitions, the enterprise, of a cultured, pro- gressive community. Naturally the history of Mt. Vernon is largely bound up in that of th.e township of East Chester, of which to-day it forms the major part. This township, which was at first known as Hutchinson's, is bounded on the east by the towns of Pelham and New Rochelle, from which it is separated by the Hutchinson river and East Chester creek. On the west is the township of Yonkers across the Bronx river, while the town of Scarsdale lies to the north, New York city, or that part of it included in the old Westchester township, together with Black Dog Creek, forms the southern boundary. The tow. ship is about seven miles long and from a«mile to a little over two miles in breadth. As before intimated a large part of this territory is now covered by the village of Mt. Vernon. The situation is particularly attractive, the ground forming a succession of ridges, separated by beautiful valleys, being, in fact, a continuation of the geographical conformation of the country occupied by the neighboring city of Yonkers. Prior to 1664 the possibilities of this section of the country were not understood or appreciated by the white people who were already settling on the fertile lands bordering the Hudson river, and it was left to the undisturbed and uncoveted proprietorship of the native Indians. Thomas Pell, who had been instrumental in opening up to the white race other sections of what is now included in the comprehen- sive title of Westchester County, and who was a resident of Fairfield County, in Connecticut, purchased a tract of land in the section we know now as East Chester in that year, but history is silent as to the -JO MT. VERNON AND ITS POINTS OF INTEREST. price he paid the Aborigines for it. In view of the great enhancement of property values there in re- cent years it would be interesting to know what price the Indians placed upon the land they turned over to him, but it is safe to say that at a time when vast territories, the value of which reaches into the millions, were sold for a few bright beads, a golden trinket, or a keg of rum, the purchase price did not represent a very extravagant sum Pell appears to have been what in this Nineteenth Century is known as a land boomer, and it was not long after he had closed his deal with the Indians, that a colony of people from his own home, Fairfield, was installed in the neighborhood of his property. It has been intimated that the motive that induced these Fairfield people to seek their new abode was not remotely connected with the idea or intention of strengthening the right of the "Colony of Connecticut to juris- diction over territory including the county or district of Westchester, in the Province of New York. However that may have been the immigrants found it necessary to strengthen their individual hold upon their property in East Chester. This they accomplished by propitiating the natives with money and First Street to Station. gifts of various sorts, and by securing from Richard Nichols, the then Royal Governor of the Province of New York, a patent of their rights in the * plantations.' " This first settlement was known as "ye ten farms, or East Chester," and when the above men- tioned patent was granted it was commanded that the town should thereafter be known by the latter name, and thus it is called to the present day. Various privileges were allowed to the colonists upon their taking possession, among which was the right accorded to each man, to appropriate the meadow land " most convenient" to his other property, this being done in recognition of the fact that there was so much undesirable land of this character and so little that afforded good pasturage, that unless some such discrimination were made a few would get all that was desirable. In spite of this, sales and ex- changes were frequent, and as in all communities, the thrifty and farseeing became possessed in time of MT. VERNON AND ITS POINTS OF INTEREST. 41 the best pieces of land. The stony formation of the ground being particularly favorable to the propo- gation of rattlesnakes, these dangerous reptiles were abundant ; so much so that it was found expedient to set aside one day every Spring " to be improved for the destroieng of rattelsnacks." What a change ! The rocky pastures, boggy lands and snake infested fens have given way to well- graded streets, beautiful avenues, picturesque driveways, wide spreading lawns and villas of charming designs. HOW IT WAS ORGANIZED. The village of Mt. Vernon was incorporated as such in December, 1853, and was the outcome of a desire on the part of a body of men who wished to have a distinctive home-spot. The Home Industrial Association, of New York City, was formed in 1850, and was composed mainly of laboring men and mechanics of the higher grade, self-supporting, industrious and far-seeing. At the head of this association was Mr. John Stevens, who, by lectures and personal canvassing, awakened an interest in the project. He was elected president of the association, and continued as such during its existence. At the time the Home Industrial Association begun building operations it numbered 1,000 members, who had paid into the general fund sums ranging from twenty-five to seventy-five dollars, and with the capital so obtained some 375 acres of land were purchased in the township of East Chester, which property is now located Fourth Avenue, Between First 4 and Second Streets, Looking South. within the present limits of the village of Mount Vernon. John Stevens and Horace Greeley, the founder of the New York Tribune, were nominated for the office of purchasing trustee, Mr. Stevens receiving a majority of the votes. In his hands was placed a check dated Nov. 1, 1850, for $3,400, which he paid over, as part of the purchase price, .to the owners of the land upon which the village was to be built. Various names were proposed for the settlement, among those suggested being : " Rising Sun," 4 Pales- tine," "Stevensville," "Columbia," "Washington," " New Washington," ' New Amsterdam," "Little New York," 44 Enterprise," " Industrial," "Youngfield," " Homesville," and " Monticello." The latter was adopted as the title of the settlement, but this name was subsequently changed to " Monticello City." When the members of the association visited. the locality to inspect the land they had purchased, Horace Greely delivered an address which aroused a great deal of enthusiasm. This was in November, 1850, and MT. VERNON AND ITS POINTS OF INTEREST. toward the end of December of the same year, it was found that in consequence of "postal difficulties" it would be necessary to adopt some other name than that at first chosen. u Fleetwood," u Mt. Ver- non " and " Fairchester " were recommended, Mt. Vernon being finally chosen and officially adopted on January I, 1851. The projectors of this new village believed in ample roadways, and we find in their constitution that streets measuring sixty feet in width from line to line, the sidewalks being twelve feet wide, were made obligatory. The plan of streets which still governs all transfers of property in that section of the village in which lies the original purchase of the association, was drawn up in 1851. The individual mem- bers were given deeds for the lot or parcel of ground purchased by them respectively on the 1st of November, in the year above named. These deeds were executed by John Stevens, as trustee, and numbered exactly 1,000. What is now known as the " Stevens Mansion," a fine old residence at the corner of 6th avenue and 4th street, was purchased by the trustee. It was then called the " Purdy Fourth Avenue and Second Street, Looking North. Mansion," and was the most valuable house located on the property. As early as October 7, 1852, three or four hundred houses had been erected, or were in process of erection, upon the land owned by the association, notwithstanding the fact that the Home Industrial Association had been practically dissolved. Mr. Stevens was presented, as a mark of esteem, with a gold watch and chain, paid for out of funds sub- scribed voluntarily, and this watch is now in the possession of his son. The last report made by the Secretary of the association showed that the sum of $106,859 na -d been paid in to the Treasury, this sum having been received in dues paid by the members of the organization, and from sales of property owned by it. All but $25,000 of this amount represents the original cost of the property purchased by the association, and the necessary expenses attending the conduct of its business. The small balance referred to above was expended in grading and draining the property. MT. VERNON AND ITS POINTS OF INTEREST. 43 THE GROWTH OF THE VILLAGE. At the time of its incorporation, in 1853, the village had a population of 1,370. The village was governed by a Board of Trustees, of which Joseph S. Gregory was the first President. He only served from March, 1854, to July of the same year, when he resigned and was succeeded by Thomas Jones. The earlier Presidents were appointed by the Board, but in 1863, under the amended charter the office became an elective one. The first President under the new system was David Quackenbush, his term of service lasting for one year. In 1870 the charter was again amended, increasing the term of the President's office from one to two years, and Edward Martin, who was serving at that time, was re-elected. Since 1870 no change has been made in the system of selecting public officials. Fourth Avenue and Second Street, Looking South. The founders of Mt. Vernon builded better than they knew. To their early efforts must be ascribed the beautiful dwelling place which now contains the beautiful homes of hundreds of New York's successful business men, who have found in Mt. Vernon what its projectors planned, a charming and refined retreat. If there is any suburban spot where can be found the repose of rural life, combined with the advantages of city life, that spot is certainly Mt. Vernon. It possesses marked natural opportuni- ties, and is linked to the Great Metropolis by a railway service which is not excelled by that possessed by any other community in the United States. Mt. Vernon's progress in the past decade has been a marvelous and a healthy one. It is in no sense a " boom-town." Its present property-owners are conservative and united in a desire to make the village all that good, government and straightforward citizenship can procure. The people who administer its affairs are ably seconded by the residents, so that the best interests of the community are subserved. 44 MT. VERNON AND ITS POINTS OP INTEREST. An indication of its growth is afforded by a comparison of the census of 1883 and 1890. Ten years ago Mt. Vernon possessed but t,i6i inhabitants, now its population is 13,000. The village has been stretching out and taking in adjacent settlements, and its authorities are now discussing a proposition to annex other districts in the township, and it is also under consideration to apply for a city charter. The local Board of Trade has been active in this matter, and recently appointed a committee to consider an exten- sion of the village boundery lines, with a view to taking in a considerable portion of the adjacent territory. It is proposed to place the Greater Mt. Vernon under a form of city government. While this plan has not as yet been approved by the majority of those interested directly, the movement has already assumed such shape that it seems inevitable that in course of time, if not in the immediate future, Mt. Vernon will become a city. Many of its most conservative residents expect an early fulfillment of this promise- MOUHT "VERHON'S CHURCHES, SCHOOLS AND SOCIETIES. In the possession of churches, schools and public institutions Mt. Vernon is especially happy. But ten years ago the records show there were only "four churches and a few private schools." At the present time there are upwards of twelve churches, including the principal denominations. Most admirable is the school system. It is, of course, under the jurisdiction of the Township of East Chester, but as Mt. Vernon, by reason of its wealth and population, constitutes the major part of the township, its schools reflect the refinement and culture of the people of the " Mount." In the vil- lage of Mt. Vernon are two school districts known as No. 4 and No. 5. The former contains four schools, and the latter one. There is one other school in the Chester Hill district. This is an independent school district. It may, perhaps, be considered unfortunate, or at least undesirable, that the different school districts should be under the administration of independent boards, and there is in the community a growing feeling that the public schools of the place should be under the management of one general Board of Education. School Dis- trict No. 4 includes the larger part of the village. It has two grammar and three primary schools. School No. 1 is of an advanced grade, the curriculum of the higher classes being the same as that pur- sued in the first year of an academic course. An investigation of the system pursued in these schools leads to the conclusion that the very best methods are employed ; that the corps of teachers is all that could be desired ; that the pupils are apt, bright and healthy looking ; that they are not pushed beyond their natural mental abilities ; that promotions are made carefully ; that the best and most sensible of modern hygienic and sanitary systems are employed ; that light and ventilation are carefully attended to; in fact, that the administrations of the schools of Mt. Vernon have left nothing undone that will con- tribute to the welfare of its school children. In School District No. 5, some of the foreign languages are taught, and while this is not attempted in the larger district (No. 4), much attention is there given to the teaching of vocal music, in which the pupils are well advanced. Attached to School No. 1, in the 4th District, is a public library containing 4.58 > volumes, consisting chiefly of standard literature. Regarding the character of the educational facilities of Mt. Vernon a few words from the report of the Trustees for the year ending October 1, 1891, will give the reader a clear conception of its high degree of excellence : " The schools of our district have prospered during the year. Teachers have thoroughly performed their arduous duties, and the consequent effects may be seen in the degree of culture, as also the order and decorum observed by scholars. * * * We have been favored with excellent teachers. Each not only eminently qualified for imparting instruction, but carrying into the work a full sense of the responsible nature of their duties,inculcating by kindness in methods of discipline, and high moral example a regard for noble ambition and true principles in the minds of their pupils. We should accord them great praise. * * * Our schools are over-crowded with pupils. We started this month with 103 new scholars — at the lowest rate per capita as cost of teaching — and we have the lowest average cost $3,545 — you will perceive that increase of pupils demands an ad- dition to our financial budget of $3,500, for the tuition of those extra scholars. Money expended judiciously for educational purposes is wisely utilized." MT. VERNON AND ITS POINTS OF INTEREST. 45 Mt. Vernon possesses a large number of social and religious organizations, including a nourishing branch of the Women's Christian Temperance Union. There is also a Young Men's Christian Associa- tion, which has a large membership. The Association has a fine hall in Fourth avenue, which is equipped and governed in a manner to attract the youth of the place, and induce them to take advan- tage of the opportunities for improvement it offers. Connected with the Physical Department, in which classes for instruction are held on several evenings each week, is a fine gymnasium and a bowling alley, in which young men can find plenty of healthful and improving recreation. The Young Men's Catholic Association is also a vigorous institution that is well patronized by the youth of that faith, and affords them many opportunities for intellectual and physical culture. The Free Masons, Odd Fellows and other Fourth Avenue, Between First and Second Streets, Looking North. fraternal and benevolent societies are well represented. In the National Guard of the State of New York Mt. Vernon is represented by the Eleventh Separate Company of infantry. The village contains a number of banks and banking institutions, among which may be mentioned the National Bank of Mt. Vernon, the National Bank of New Rochelle, the East Chester Savings Bank, and the People's Bank of Mount Vernon. CHESTER HILL. One of the finest spots within the limits of the village of Mt. Vernon, is Chester Hill, which district was annexed about two years afied as in fact it is with accommodations pro- vided. The scale of prices is moderate, collars and cuffs, 2 rents, shirts, 10 cents ; family washing at reasonable prices. Lace curtains refinished equal to new, and all goods are called for and delivered free. BECK'S MT. VERNON HOTEL, Opposite New Haven Railroad Station, on the European plan, in connection with Beck's celebrated Rye Beach Hotel. The building now known as "Beck's Mt. Vernon Hotel " has been utilized for hotel purposes for about thirty-five years, and was quite widely and favorably known before Messrs. S D. Beck and Reuben Withers, the present propr etors, assumed possession, but since it passed under their control the hotel has become more popular than ever before, and this is not to be wondered at, for Mr. Beck, especially, has been a hotel keeper for many years, is thoroughly familiar with the public wants, and knows how to supply those wants satisfac- torily and to the best possible advantage. It is very doubtful if there are any among our readers residing within twenty or thirty miles of Mt. Vernon, who have not heard of "Beck's Rye Beach Hotel,'' for this is one of the most celebrated and popular summer hotels in this region, and, if possible, its popularity is increasing- yearly. It is located about twelve miles from Mt Ver- non. The building occupied at Mt. Vernon is opposite the New Haven Railroad station, and is spacious and well arranged. It is carried on on the European plan, and the charges are very reasonable. The house will accom- modate fifty guests very comfortably. The manager is Mr. Reuben Withers, and the promptness of the service, the careful consideration shown for the comfort of guests, the "well-kept" appearance of the premises, and other significant signs all combine to show that Mr. Withers is "the right man in the right place." J. H. McMANNUS, Golden Rooms Billiard Parlors and Bowling Alleys, No. 51 4th Avenue, Mt. Vernon, N. Y. There is but little use of our saying that the enterprise conducted by Mr. J. H. McMannus is the most popular one of its kind in this se -tion of Mt. Ver- non, for the facts are very generally known, and there are few, if any people, wiio are at all acquainted in this section, but what have remarked the popularity gained by its proprietor. The enterprise in question was estab- lished in 1890, therefore its great popularity is already established. Mr. McMannus is a native of this State, and occupies two floors. 30x60 feet at No. 51 4th Ave- nue, carrying on a billiard parlor and bowling alley, both being mce'y fitted up, and where these who are fond of these quiet games can have all the pleasure and amusement they desire. Prompt and courteous atten- tion is extended every caller, and as the place is con- veniently located, we can give those in search of such, no better counsel than to visit this popular and favorite establishment. A. H. SCRIVEN, Grocer, 65 Fourth Avenue, near Second S reet, Mt. Vernon, N. Y. Fine Teas, Coffees, Spices and General Groceries, Mr, A. H. Scri v 2n is a na- tive of this State and has carried, on the enterprise with which he is now identified for about three years. The premises utilized and located at No. 65 Fourth >venue comprises one floor 25x62 feet in dimensions, and a large and desirable stock is carried, giving evidence of care- ful and skillful selection in every department and com- prising staple and fancy groceries of every description, especially adapted to family use. Particular attention is given to the handling of fine teas, coffees, spices, etc., and the most fastidious will here find goods that will prove altogether satisfactory. No fancy prices are quoted in this department either, and indeed Mr. Scriven makes a practice of furnishing all the com- modities which he deals in at the lowest market rates. Orders will be promptly and accurately filled and callers may safely depend upon receiving immediate and courteous attention. A'AVVvV .SV'W 1 ATIVE BUSINESS MEN OF M T. VERNON. EDWIN J. LUCAS, KEAL ESTATE and INSURANCE, Depot Place, Corner 3d Avenue. Opp. New Haven R. R. Station, MT. VERNON, N. Y. LOTS. On Chester Hill, and all Over Mt. Vernon, 50x100, or Larger, $750, upward. HOUSES. In all parts, $2,500, upward to $40,000. All Impf©¥iminf§ ©f Citj* Gas, Water, Sewers, Flagged Walks, Electric Lights, Free Mail Delivery. REPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS MEN OE MT. VERNON. 55 H. & C. PRUSER. Dealers in Coal and Wood, Office 16 West First Street, Mt. Vernon, N. Y. Coal Elevator and Yard, East Chester^ N. Y. The Messrs. Preiser inaugurated this enterprise in 1886, and by hard and persistent work, and strict attention to business, have succeeded in building up the largest coal and wood trade in Mt. Vernon. Owing to the rapid increase of their business, requiring additional accommodations, they have recently erected the finest coal elevator and pockets between New York and Bridgeport. It is located on Lockwood's dock in East Chester, adjacent to the bridge which spans the creek on the old Boston turnpike — the premises utilized measuring 150 feet on the road, and 50 on the water front. The elevator is a model of perfection, and combines all the advantages for handling a large amount of coal at a time, the building and machinery costing nearly $8,000. The capacity of the pockets are 2,500 tons, which are divided into four large compart- ments for the different sizes of coal— broken, egg, stove and chestnut. An endless chain carries the coal from the vessel to the cupola of the elevator. A large steam en- gine furnishes the power for the elevator, which is so constructed that several thousand dollars are saved an- nually in the handling. As the coal passes through the building in the troughs the different sizes fall through openings into their respective bins, from whence it is dropped into wagons for delivery, after passing over screens, which thorough'y cleans it from dust, etc. The Messrs. Pruser receive large consignments of cord wood from Virginia, which will be furnished to families in any desired quantity, and at low prices. JOHN LAU, 28 Mt. Yernon Avenue, Mt. Vernon, N. Y. Boots and Shoes. Although there are many purchasers of boots and shoes who pride themselves on their experience in judging the quality of such goods from merely superficial examination, there are also many who recogni se the fact that but little real dependence can be placed upon the results of such examination, the real assurance held by the retail buyer against deception being that afforded by the character of the concern with whom he deals. The old proverb assures us that "A good name is better than great riches," and a business firm is very apt to realize that in the long run a good name is essential to the building up of a permanent trade of any magnitude. The popularity of the establishment con- ducted by Mr. John Lau is of course due, to some extent, to the enterprise he shows in offering the latest fashion- able novelties, etc., but it is principally owing to the fact that the community know that whatever represen- tations are made here may be relied upon. This busi- ness was founded in 1874 by the present proprietor, and the store occupied at 28 Mt. Vernon Avenue contains a large and varied stock of foot-wear. Repairing a specialty. JOHN THURTON^ Wholesale Dealer in General Produce, Potatoes, Onions, Choice Vegetables, etc. Foreign and Domestic Fruits of all Kinds in their Season. Garden and Green-Houses at East Yonkers. Fresh Long Island Produce Direct from the Farm. Orders Solicited and Promptly Filled. Telephone Call, 13 Mt. Vernon. First Street, Between 5th and 6th Ave- nues, near New Haven D-pot, Mount Vernon, N. Y. The handling of general produce is one of the most important businesses carried on in this section of the State, so that a leading enterprise of this kind is of course entitled to especially prominent mention in a re- view of Mt. Vernon's representative business undertak- ings, and there is no question as to the leading position held by the enterprise carried on by Mr. John Thurton, wholesale dealer in general produce, potatoes, onions, choice vegetables, foreign and domestic fruits of all kinds in their season, etc. Mr. Thurton utilizes a spacious, well-equipped and well-kept store, located on First street, between 5th and 6th avenues, near New Haven Depot, and carries a very heavy and complete stock at all times. His garden and green-houses are at East Yonkers, and fresh Long Island produce is re- ceived direct from the farm, it being generally conceded by consumers and the trade that Mr. Thurton's produce is unsurpassed, if indeed it is equalled in quality by that of any other dealer located in this vicinity. Orders are solicited and will be promptly filled ; the store being connected by telephone (call No. 18 Mt. Vernon), and employment being given to eight assistants, while four wagons are utilized. JAMES L. REYNOLDS, Choice Marketing, Fourth Avenue, Mount Vernon, Railroad Avenue, White Plains. It is all very well to argue that meat is by no means essential to health, and that a person can work hard and thrive on a diet composed exclusively of vegetables, cereals, etc., but the great majority of us can't consider anything a "square meal," unless it in- cludes meat in abundance, and when we are really hungry meat is the only thing that will actually satisfy us. Even assuming that one may thrive on a strictly vegetable diet, that is no reason why we should give up the en- joyment of meat eating, for little, if any, money would be saved by so doing, and the enjoyment lost could not be gained so cheaply in any other way. Of course, in order to really enjoy meat, it must, be of good quality, and one sure way to get such is to buy at James L. Rey- nolds' market, for he makes a specialty of meats and fish, and offers kinds suited to the most critical taste. He orcupies a spacious meat market located on Fourth avenue, and carries a full assortment of choice market- ing, together with poultry and game in season. The lowest market rates are quoted at all times, and the stock is sufficiently varied and complete to admit of all tastes and all purses being suited. This enterprise ,as founded in 1878, by W. M. Reynolds & Co., they being succeeded by the present proprietor in 1891. It is the fin- est market, and has the largest trade of any in this Coun- ty. Employment is given some seventeen assistants, and a branch store is at White Plains, on Railroad avenue. FRANK BUTLER, Dealer in Food Spec- ialties. Meats, Poultry, Game, etc. Fine Fruit, Veget- ables and Canned Goods. 58 First Street, Between 6th and 7th Avenues, Mt. Vernon, N. Y. An accommodat- ing spirit and a determination to do the fair thing in every transaction are powerful aids to success in ever business enterprise, and they have not failed to exercise their usual effect in the case of Mr. Frank Sutler, who carries on business at No. 58 First street, I it^een 6th and 7th avenues. Business was started here by W. I. Butler in 1860, who was succeeded by the present pro- prietor in 1891. This gentleman is a native of England, and is well known in this community as an enterprising and reputable merchant, who neglects no honorable means to extend his business operations. The store occu- pied is of the dimensions of 18x35 feet, and he claims to have one of the best stocks of meats, poultry, game, etc., fine fruits, vegetables and canned goods in Mount Vernon, and certainly the assortment he exhibits of these goods is admirable, not only for its completeness, but also for the standard character of the articles com- posing it. Two to four competent assistants are given employment, and everything is so arranged as to permit of prompt and accurate filling of orders, and low prices are quoted all round. 5* REPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS MEN OE MT VERNON EUGENE B. BARGUET, Stationer, No, &% S. Fourth Avenue, Mt. Vernon, N. Y. Daily and Week'y Papers, Hooks and Music. The business carried on by Mr. K itrene B. Barguet, at No. 62 Fourth Avenue, was founded in 1881. He deals in stationery, books and music, etc., etc., besides th-i daily and weekly news- papers. The very latest novelties in fashionable station- ery are always to be found at this estab ishment, to- gether with a complete line of commercial etationery. blank books, etc. All the leading mag «zines are also placed on sale at the earliest possible time afier publi- cation, and subscriptions will be received at publisher's rates, both for periodicals and newspapers. Novels and other books are dealt in quite extensively, he being pre- pared to furnish any boot at short notice, at the regular retail price. Pens, pencils, and writing materials of all kinds, both plain and ornamental, are carried in stock. Seven delivery clerks are employed, so all patrons re- ceive prompt attention. ROBERT J. & FRED. VICKERY, (Succes- sors to A. B. Marsh), Livery and Boarding Stable, Third Avenue, near First Street, Mount Vernon. N. Y. Tele- phone Call, 33. Horses and Carriages To Let at All Hours. Picnic and Excursion Wagons Furnished. The premises utilized by Messrs. Robert J. and Fred. Vickery, on Third avenue, near Second .street, have been used for stable purposes for many years, having been started in 18S0, by Mr. A. B. Marsh ; these stables ranking with the oldest establishments in the town. The present pro- prietors are natives of this State, and have a lar^e circle of friends in Mount Vernon and wcinity. They have from the very first made a practice of using their custo- mers well, and as a natural consequence their reputation for fair dealing is of the very best. The premises made use of comprise a building 50x105 feet in dimensions, and are very conveniently fitted up. Messrs. Vickery do an extensive livery and boarding busiutss, and employ four competent assistants. They are prepared to fur- nish first class horses and carriages at all hours, and to supply picnic and excursion wagons, and at rates that can but prove entirely satisfactory to every reasonable patron. Horses boarded here are assured the best of care, and an abundance of suitable food, while the stalls are roomy and well ventilated, there being room for some twenty- five horses. I). 0. B RODERICK, Meat Market, 74 Souih 4th Avenue, Mt. Vernon, N. Y. No review of tie- mercantile enterprises of Mt. Vernoo which omitted to make prominent mention of the leading meat markets would be regarded as complete, for not only are thes-^ important in and for themselves, but also because of the fact that they make the town much more desirable as a place of residence than would otherwise be possible, insomuch as they tend to rehire the expense and increase the enjoyment of living by furnishing nourishing and palatable food at the very lowest rates. Not one of these estab ishments is more wortt y of commendation and patronage than that of which Mr D. C. Broderick is the proprietor, for he caters to all classes of -rade, and has an unsurpassed reputation for giving full value for money received. He 1- a native of Connecticut, and began this enterprli^ in 1MH. 'Filestore, which i- lHxlH feet in dimen ions, is located at No. 74 South 4th Avenue, and is large enough to accommodate an assortment of fresh and salt meats, vegetables, etc., and such other commodities as are usually found in a meat market, and ali g'KMls are sold on their merits and at the lowest prices. I t