MASTER 
 
 NEGATIVE 
 NO. 94-821 54 
 
COPYRIGHT STATEMENT 
 
 The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) 
 governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted 
 materials including foreign works under certain conditions. In addition, 
 the United States extends protection to foreign works by means of 
 various international conventions, bilateral agreements, and 
 proclamations. 
 
 Under certain conditions specified in the law, libraries and archives are 
 authorized to furnish a photocopy or other reproduction. One of these 
 specified conditions is that the photocopy or reproduction is not to be 
 "used for any purpose other than private study, scholarship, or research." 
 If a user makes a request for, or later uses, a photocopy or reproduction 
 for purposes in excess of "fair use," that user may be liable for copyright 
 infringement. 
 
 The Columbia University Libraries reserve the right to refuse to accept a 
 copying order if, in its judgement, fulfillment of the order would involve 
 violation of the copyright law. 
 
Author: 
 
 Fraser, Alfred 
 
 Title: 
 
 Rules and regulations 
 governing freight traffic 
 
 Place: 
 
 New York 
 
 Date: 
 
 1892 
 
MASTER NEGATIVE # 
 
 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES 
 PRESERVATION DIVISION 
 
 BIBLIOGRAPHIC MICROFORM TARGET 
 
 ORIGINAL MATERIAL AS FILMED • EXISTING BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD 
 
 fss 
 
 :6.30,64 
 dp 86 
 
 I I, J W IL li U ■ >i^KM" P »»~^ g' 
 
 -t 
 
 Eraser, Alfred L. 
 
 Kules and regulations governing freight traffic ; by Al- 
 fred L. Fraser ... New York [Rochester, N. Y., Press of 
 Gelhaar, Fleming & Fuller] 1892. 
 
 200 p. 23"". 
 
 1. Railroads— Freight. 
 
 Library of Congress 
 
 O 
 
 TF662.F84 
 
 6-28942 
 
 -l^ 
 
 RESTRICTIONS ON USE: 
 
 TECHNICAL MICROFORM DATA 
 
 FILM SIZE: 
 
 33m/v^ 
 
 REDUCTION RATIO: 
 
 . (^■•\ 
 
 DATE FILMED 
 
 =j#i 
 
 IMAGE PLACEMENT: lA (^NA) IB IIB 
 
 INITIALS: 
 
 TRACKING # : 
 
 /MS// 0lZ2i 
 
 FILMED BY PRESERVATION RESOURCES. BETHLEHEM, PA. 
 
> 
 
 CO 
 
 CX) 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 CJI 
 
 CJI 
 
 
 ZI 
 
 3 
 
 
 3 
 
 3 
 
 > 
 
 Q) 
 
 
 OD 
 
 ABC 
 bcdef 
 
 
 0,0 
 
 m 
 
 •S-o 
 
 
 Q-Z! 
 
 — m 
 
 
 CD 
 
 
 
 oq"^ 
 
 3 X 
 
 
 3" I 
 
 Z3 7- 
 
 M 
 
 '=-:^ 
 
 ^ps 
 
 00 
 
 
 
 4^ 
 CJI 
 
 3 ^ 
 
 r-l- Z 
 
 CJ\ 
 
 3 z 
 
 <2 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 
 00^ no 
 
 N C/) 
 
 
 
 C CO 
 
 003: 
 
 
 < — 1 
 
 a>x 
 
 
 X < 
 
 OOM 
 
 
 N < 
 
 
 
 X 
 
 
 
 
 M 
 
 ^h 
 
 o\ 
 
 ^^ 
 
 ^^ 
 
 > 
 
 V 
 
 .*•> 
 
 A^' 
 
 A^' 
 
 
 
 <v? 
 
 ^.. ^« .», 
 
 ^, 
 
 ^, 
 
 s/. 
 
 •y* 
 
 '^ 
 
 ^.« 
 
 
 
 ^^: 
 
 % 
 
 c^ 
 
 Si 
 
 S^'^ 
 
 > 
 
 A 
 
 ^; 
 
 >^ 
 
 ^* 
 
 .^-^ 
 
 10 
 
 O 
 O 
 
 3 
 3 
 
 en 
 
 O 
 
 3 
 3 
 
 V 
 
 rX 
 
 
 \^o 
 
 
 ^^ 
 
 k.o 
 
 .^/ 
 
 > 
 
 J^/ 
 
 % 
 Ar 
 
 ^o 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 o 
 o 
 
 3 
 3 
 
 V 
 
 r^^ 
 
 .1^ 
 
 
 V^ 
 
 & 
 
 f^ 
 
 ^fcP 
 
 f^ 
 
 '^ 
 
 10 
 
 en 
 
 O 
 
 
 U) 
 
 O^ 
 
 c» 
 
 b 
 
 CO 
 
 bo 
 
 ro 
 
 ^CP 
 
 ?CP 
 
 fp 
 
 ?^ 
 
 1.0 mm 
 
 1.5 mm 
 
 2.0 mm 
 
 ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ 
 abcd^fghi|klmnopqrstuvw«y/ 1234567890 
 
 ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ 
 abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzl234567890 
 
 ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ 
 
 abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz 
 
 1234567890 
 
 m 
 
 o 
 "0 E "o 
 
 > C CO 
 I TJ ^ 
 0(/) 5 
 
 m 
 
 ii 
 
 30 
 O 
 
 m 
 
 
 2.5 mm 
 
 ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ 
 
 abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz 
 
 1234567890 
 
 ^..^'"^ 
 
 ** 
 
 V 
 
 
 en 
 
 3 
 3 
 
 I? 
 
 3 ,— 
 
 |o 
 
 >< JO 
 
 IM CO 
 
 ^— ( 
 
 si 
 
 OOM 
 
 ^O 
 
 f^ 
 
 o 
 
 3 
 3 
 
 01 
 
 CT 
 
 Is 
 
 <o 
 
 M CO 
 (T>X 
 
 oorvi 
 
 O 
 
 
 •^ 
 
 '^. 
 
 
 
^ tJ 
 
 I / 
 
 .t*. 
 
^^.M 
 
 M 
 
 ¥^^ 
 
 ^/J9 i^ 
 
 >^ 
 
 'm^^ 
 
 ^^.i^^p; 
 
 '^/^ 
 
 ^'"^^ 
 
 M. 
 
 W^"^ 
 
 A't 
 
 
 /*>. 
 
 » 
 
 ^t>^ 
 
 m"^^^^^ 
 
 '<??^o^ 
 
 s^l 
 
 
 .^^■■ 
 
 '>^^^mt^M'' ''. ^M^^.-^' 
 
 
 W3^^^^''^' 
 
 ^^^^m 
 
 
 
 }i>^ 
 
 >f'. 
 
 «i. «i» -V.ij-j 
 
 ZiJS. 
 
 raoocLUi: ..,>.'iu.>iu. 
 
 *--»£■ .^W -^* •*uB0^ . '-^-atm 
 
 - ^ 
 
 L>J, 
 
 
 ^--^ 
 
 M* 
 
 
 fi^H 
 
 
 >P-5«</ 
 
 ^ 
 
 Tf^J ' 
 
 i .,i., 
 
 
 #= 
 
 
 307i 
 
 Columbia Winibttiitp 
 
 in tte dtp of ^eto l^orfc 
 
 LIBRARY 
 
 N^^i^ 
 
 ^.^ 
 
 f^ 
 
 a^<t^' 
 
 ^^^^^^^%|j|P^ 
 
 ■9^' 
 
 .1 >*- 
 
 ^ 
 
 1 4 
 
 ^if^^l 
 
 School of Business 
 
 ^^-^t. *9K^*^gcr'liW^.. «A 
 
 >:. 
 
 ^*^ :^A'la^ 
 
 ,i.^^<^' Given by 
 
 ' %^ T^** THE 8EHCMAN LIBRART 
 
 ■^^^'^ 
 
 
 ■ft- 
 
 *fe^J 
 
 
 
 iv':^ 
 
 mm 
 
 fi 
 
 i«i> 
 
 •^^ 
 
 ^^y^^ifrM^l^^ 
 
 
 :riM:c/',' 
 
 Ui^W^r: 
 
 
 't^""# 
 
 ^tw!^^^- 
 
 M^^ 
 
 
 'ftc^^^rM^^^S^. 
 
 ^.« 
 
 5?!' 
 
 """i- -: ■ SW-' 
 
 
 %^ 
 
 
 '»so3 
 
 M". 
 
 W- A 
 
 ^■^ 
 
 >^.^^ 
 
 ■ -. v- 
 
 "l--_. 
 
Rules and Regulations 
 
 GOVERNING 
 
 — 11 
 
 — IT 
 
 H 
 
 H 
 
 H 
 
 
 BY 
 
 ALFRED L. ERASER, 
 
 Of the General Freight Department of the New York Central & Hudson River Eail- 
 
 road ; Chief Clerk, General Freight Office, Rome, Watertowa & Ogdensburg 
 
 Railroad, (N. Y. C. & H. R. R. R. Co., Lessee). 
 
 NEW YORK, 
 
 1892. 
 

 
 FROM THE SELIGMAN LIBRARY 
 
 CX)PYBIGHT, 1892, BY ALFRED L. FRASER. 
 
 3 530. (^'^ — 
 F2t 
 
 \ 
 
 , 
 
 
 I 
 
 PRKKACK. 
 
 This work has been prepared after a careful and com- 
 prehensive study of the various details involved in freight 
 transportation and of the rules and regulations of the leading 
 railways of America. It is designed for the information of 
 agents, conductors and other railroad employes, as to gen- 
 eral railway practice in the transaction of business relating to 
 freight traffic, and as an aid to them in the proper perform- 
 ance of their duties. The rules of each particular road are, 
 of course, observed by its employes in preference to any rules 
 conflicting therewith. A L F 
 
 II 
 
 Hi 
 
Press of 
 Gelhaar, Fleming^ & Fuller, 
 Kochester, N. Y. 
 
 TERMS AND CONDITIONS UNDER WHICH PROPERTY IS RECEIVED 
 
 FOR TRANSPORTATION.* 
 
 f . Responsibility assumed for property when receipted for only. 
 
 The railroad company will assume responsibility for 
 property only when receipted for by a duly authorized agent ; 
 and no agent or other employe is authorized to receive or 
 agree to transport any property unless thus receipted for. 
 
 2. Train or time not guaranteed. 
 
 The transportation of freight by any particular train or 
 within any specified time is not guaranteed by the railroad 
 company, and agents have no authority to give receipts or 
 bills of lading containing such a guarantee. 
 
 3. All freight subject to transfer. 
 
 All freight is subject to transfer en route, as the necessity 
 or convenience of the company may require, and agents are 
 not authorized to ^iv^ receipts or bills of lading guaranteeing 
 that property shall go through without transfer. 
 
 4. Responsibility for loss or damage. 
 
 The railroad company will not be responsible for any 
 loss or damage arising from the inherent nature of goods, or 
 occurring from providential or unavoidable causes, or without 
 the negligence or fault of the company or its employes, or 
 which, under the terms and conditions upon which the pro- 
 perty is received for transportation, should be assumed by the 
 shipper, consignor, consignee or owner. 
 
 ♦ In the le^al adjudication of questions as to responsibility, etc., the contract for 
 carnafre and the various attendant circumstances in each particular case are of 
 course, considered, aqJ may qualify general rules adopted by the carrier. The lim'ita 
 tions as to liability, as set forth herein, are as usually provided for by the shinning 
 receipts or bills of lading given for property. snippmg 
 
 I 
 
O TERMS AND CONDITIONS. 
 
 5. Basis of settlement for loss or damage, (sh wot sore. pa« 5.) 
 
 In case any loss of or damage to property occurs for 
 which legal liability attaches to the railroad company, settle- 
 ment will be made therefor in accordance with the actual 
 value or cost of the goods at the time and place of shipment, 
 unless a lower valuation shall have been agreed upon with the 
 shipper and the property consigned and receipted for accord- 
 ingly, when such valuation shall govern. 
 
 # 6. Responsibility for property destined beyond the company's 
 line. 
 
 When freight is destined to a point beyond the railroad 
 company's line and is to be forwarded to destination by a 
 connecting line or carrier, the responsibility of the railroad 
 company shall cease upon delivery of the goods to such line 
 or carrier, and no responsibility shall attach to the railroad 
 company for any loss or damage which may arise from the 
 refusal, failure or inability of the said connecting line or 
 carrier to forward the property after tender of delivery has 
 been made. (See paragraph 20, a.) 
 
 7. Responsibility for freight awaiting removal by consignees. 
 
 Responsibility will be assumed by the railroad company 
 as warehouseman or depositary only, for freight held beyond 
 a reasonable time awaiting removal by the consignees or parties 
 entitled to receive it ; all risk of loss or damage, including 
 loss or damage by fire, must be assumed by the owner of the 
 property, unless such loss or damage be clearly traceable to 
 negligence or default on the part of the railroad company or 
 its employes. 
 
 t 
 
 8. Responsibility for freight on private tracks or sidings, or at 
 stations having no agents. 
 
 Freight will be at the risk of the owners while on private 
 tracks or sidings, or at stations, sidings or platforms where 
 there are no freight agents, whether awaiting, acceptance by 
 the railroad company for transportation, or removal by con- 
 
 TERMS AND CONDITIONS. 7 
 
 signees. Freight delivered at such points will be accounted for 
 as it is weighed or tallied into the cars by the railroad com- 
 pany's agent at point of shipment ; and freight taken from such 
 points will be accounted for as weighed or tallied out at des- 
 tination. (See paragraph 9.) 
 
 9. Responsibility for freight loaded by the shipper. 
 
 When freight is loaded by the shipper, and taken at the 
 shipper's weight or tally, the railroad company will not be 
 responsible for any loss or damage arising from improper 
 packages or improper stowage, nor for any discrepancy in 
 count, measurement, weight or grade, as between the shipper 
 and the consignee, due care having been exercised in trans- 
 porting the property. 
 
 1 0. Cars furnished to shippers subject to their Inspection, etc. 
 
 Cars furnished to shippers for loading with grain, or 
 other freight, are subject to their inspection as to condition, 
 and may be rejected if not found satisfactory ; if accepted and 
 loaded, the contents will be at the risk of the owner as to 
 leakage, discrepancy in quantity, or damage, unless caused 
 by an accident for which the railroad company is responsible. 
 
 1 1 . Freight in open or platform cars taken at risk of owner. 
 
 Freight that is liable to damage from the weather, fire, 
 falling off the cars, or other causes, or to loss by pilferage, 
 will be taken only at the risk of the owner when shipped in 
 open or on platform cars. 
 
 12. Articles not received. 
 
 Bank bills, notes, drafts, deeds, mortgages or other val- 
 uable papers, or writings of any kind, jewels, gold or silver 
 coin, or other articles of great intrinsic or representative 
 value, and not provided for in the classification or by special 
 agreement, will not be received for transportation as freight. 
 Should parties secure the reception of such articles for trans- 
 portation as freight by misrepresentation, or without the 
 
8 
 
 TERMS AND CONDITIONS. 
 
 knowledge of the railroad company, the company will not be 
 responsible for their loss or injury. 
 
 13. Bulk freight taken in carloads only. 
 
 Bulk freight will be taken in'carloads only, unless other- 
 wise provided for in the classification or by special arrange- 
 ment, and it will be at the risk of the owner as to deficiency 
 in weight or measurement, proper care having been exer- 
 cised in transportation. (See paragraph lo). If shipped 
 in bulk in less than carload quantities the minimum carload 
 weight will be charged for. Such freight will not be taken 
 for delivery at stations without sidings. Shippers and con- 
 signees are required to load and unload bulk freight, or 
 assume the cost of loading and unloading, unless otherwise 
 expressly stipulated. (See paragraph 19.) 
 
 14. Explosives and other dangerous articles taken by special 
 
 agreement only. 
 
 Gunpowder, and other explosives and goods of a danger- 
 ous nature, will be taken only by special agreement, and under 
 special conditions made by the railroad company. Any party 
 securing the reception of such goods by misrepresentation, or 
 without the knowledge of the railroad company, will be held 
 responsible for any damage which may arise therefrom. 
 
 15. Articles subject to U. S. revenue tax; empty packages. 
 
 Casks, kegs, or packages containing distilled spirits, malt 
 liquors, or other articles subject to United States revenue 
 tax, will not be received unless they bear the stamps, brands 
 or marks required by law ; and empty casks, kegs, or pack- 
 ages which have contained such articles will not be received 
 unless such stamps, brands, or marks are canceled or 
 removed. 
 
 16. Payment of Charges. Responsibility for back charges. 
 
 All charges, except such as are prepaid, are payable upon 
 delivery of freight to the consignees or parties authorized to 
 receive it. The railroad company will not be responsible for 
 
 TERMS AND CONDITIONS. 9 
 
 the correctness of amounts advanced by it in good faith to 
 other corporations or to individuals as back charges. 
 
 17. Articles on which prepayment is required. Acceptance of 
 
 guarantees. 
 
 Prepayment of charges will be required on all freight 
 destined to stations having no freight agents ; on property 
 which, in the judgment of the railroad company's agent, 
 would not realize a sufficient amount, at forced sale, to cover 
 transportation charges ; on perishable property ; and on all 
 other articles on which prepayment of charges is required by 
 the classification, tariffs, or rules governing their transporta- 
 tion. Agents may accept guarantees in lieu of prepayment of 
 charges only when so provided by the classification or when 
 authorized by the general freight department. 
 
 18. Freight not promptly removed, subject to storage and sale. 
 
 Perishable freight.* 
 
 The railroad company reserves the right to charge stor- 
 age on freight which is not removed from its possession within 
 the prescribed period allowed for its removal after arrival at 
 destination, or to send it to public warehouse for storage at 
 the risk and expense of the owner ; the property to be subject 
 to all charges due thereon, and customary storage and com- 
 mission charges, and sale, if necessary, as provided by law. 
 Perishable freight will be sold or disposed of at the discretion 
 of the company, for account of the owner, when it is not 
 taken away by consignees and there is risk of loss or decay. 
 
 19. The right to charge for detention of cars, or unloading of 
 
 freight, reserved.* 
 
 The right to make the established charge for detention 
 of cars by shippers or consignees beyond the prescribed period 
 allowed for loading or unloading, is reserved by the railroad 
 company; the right to unload freight ''to be unloaded by 
 consignee," and to make a reasonable charge therefor, in case 
 the consignee fails to unload it within the prescribed period 
 allowed for unloading, is also reserved. 
 
 * Shipping- receipts and bills of lading usuallj' contain these provisions. 
 
10 
 
 TERMS AND CONDITIONS. 
 
 SHIPPING ORDERS. 
 
 20. Shipping orders required for all freight. 
 
 Parties offering freight for transportation, must furnish 
 for each consignment, a shipping order, signed by the shipper' 
 givmg a correct list of the articles, with marks, and the name 
 of the consignee and destination of the shipment in full 
 including the State or Territory. The county must be 
 given when there are two or more places of the same name 
 in the same State or Territory. Shipping orders must be 
 in writmg; no property will be forwarded upon verbal 
 orders."^ 
 
 A. Route to be specified. 
 
 When it is desired that property shall be forwarded via 
 any particular line or route, such line or route must be speci- 
 fied in the shipping order, and the goods marked accordingly. 
 
 B. Freight for Interior points. 
 
 When freight is destined to interior points, not on the 
 line of any railroad, the route the shipment is to take and the 
 station where it finally leaves the railroad must be noted on 
 the shipping order by the shipper, and the property marked 
 accordingly. 
 
 C. Freight consigned to "order." 
 
 Shipping orders for freight consigned to -order" should 
 give the name and full address of the party or firm to be 
 notified of arrival at destination. When such shipments are 
 held at destination beyond the customary period allowed for 
 the remova l of freight, pending the surrender of the original 
 
 * It is the custom for the railroad companies to furnish shippers with the neces- 
 sary bhinks for Shipping orders and receipts (unless the use ofTc^ms pr^pai^a Ty 
 themselves shall have l»een authoriml), the receipts, with the except^onTsi^ 1/ 
 beiuK made out by them, as well as the shipping orders. The shipp nrreceipt blank is 
 sometimes used for both the order and the receipt, the forms bein^ made out in dupl ! 
 
 ;r rth^hrs ir """ '^-'^ '""^-"^^^ " ^^^ «^^^-^ -^ '^^ -•- --^-^X 
 
 TERMS AND CONDITIONS. 
 
 I I 
 
 bill of lading, or shipping receipt, properly indorsed,* which 
 will in every c^se be required, they will be subject to demur- 
 rage or storage charges. *' Order" shipments will not be 
 received for delivery at stations having no freight agents. 
 
 D. Freight for the railroad company. 
 
 * Freight for the railroad company must be consigned to 
 the railroad company, in care of the officer or employe to 
 whom delivery is to be made ; regular shipping orders must be 
 furnished and receipts given, the same as for other freight. 
 
 E. Grain. 
 
 Shipping orders for grain must specify the kind of grain, 
 and, when destined to points where grain Is allowed by grade, 
 whether or not it is to be graded. Track delivery for shipments 
 of grain destined to points at which elevators have been estab- 
 lished for their reception and delivery, or the privilege of stop- 
 ping off or milling in transit, will be granted only when authorized 
 by the general freight department. In case shipments are made 
 under such an arrangement, the shipping orders therefor must 
 contain the information necessary for the guidance of agents. 
 
 F. Lumber and coal. 
 
 Shipping orders for lumber should specify the kind of 
 lumber — as hemlock, oak, white pine, etc. ; and for coal, the 
 kind of coal — as anthracite, bituminous, etc. 
 
 C. Ale and beer. Returned packages. 
 
 Shipping orders for consignments of ale and beer must 
 specify the number and size of the packages in detail — as so 
 many eighth-barrels, quarter-barrels, half-barrels, barrels, 
 etc. Empty packages should also be similarly described. 
 When empty packages, such as beer kegs, g^^^ crates, etc., 
 are to be returned to shippers at rates especially provided for 
 returned empties, the shipping orders therefor should specify 
 that they are *• returned," and they should be sent 7^/^ the 
 route over which they were originally received when full. 
 
 *(See parag-raph 254, c-G). Stamped indorsements on "order" bills of lading or 
 shipping reoeiF)ts are not sufficient unless accompanied by the written signature of 
 some one holding a power of attorney, and agents should see that this is undei-stood by 
 those to whom such bills of lading or shipping receipts are issued. 
 
jl 
 
 12 
 
 TERMS AND CONDITIONS. 
 
 TERMS AND CONDITIONS. 
 
 13 
 
 
 |i 
 
 H. Describing freight In shipping orders. Misrepresentation. 
 
 Shipping orders for shipments consisting of a variety of 
 articles or packages, must specify the different items in 
 detail, unless a car be chartered and the railroad com- 
 pany released from all responsibility as to the contents 
 of the car, a distinct agreement to that effect being made 
 between the agent of the railroad company and the ship- 
 per, and the goods consigned and receipted for accordingly. 
 No freight will be receipted for or forwarded as a -lot." The 
 •number of articles comprised in crates, or in bundles tied or 
 wired together, should be shown in the shipping orders there- 
 for, if so put up that they may be checked in handling. Cast- 
 ings and similar articles should be fully described, as -plow 
 castings," -stove castings," etc. When an article is differ- 
 ently classified when differently prepared or packed, the 
 actual character of the article must be specified ; otherwise 
 the highest rate provided for such articles will be charged 
 The contents of all packages should be given in full, as far as 
 practicable; such terms as -mdse.," -merchandise," -sun- 
 dries," - fancy goods, " or -wood in shape," should not be 
 used m describing freight. When it is not practicable to give 
 the names of all the articles contained in a package, the 
 names of the leading articles should be given. Packages' con- 
 taining articles which are differently classified, will be charged 
 for at the rate provided for the article of the highest class 
 included in such packages. If it be discovered before deliv- 
 ery to consignees that the contents of packages or the kind or 
 quantity of freight shipped have been misrepresented or 
 wrongly reported by shippers, thus securing a lower rate, 
 charges will be collected in accordance with the proper classi- 
 fication, rate and quantity. Responsibility will be assumed 
 for property as consigned and receipted for only. 
 
 I. Agreed valuation to be entered on shipping orders. 
 
 When two rates are provided, one being conditioned on 
 the property being taken at an agreed or fixed valuation, the 
 shippers must, if they desire to avail themselves of the lower 
 
 rate, state in their shipping orders the agreed value at which 
 they desire the goods carried ; if this is not done, the higher 
 rate will be charged, on the basis of full value. 
 
 J. Owner's risk." Notations to be made on shipping orders. 
 
 When two rates are provided, the lower rate being con- 
 ditioned on the transportation of the property at the owner's 
 risk, the words -owner's risk," or -owner's risk of break- 
 age," etc., as may be specified by the classification or agree- 
 ment under which the goods are carried, must be noted on 
 the shipping order by the shipper, or the higher rate will be 
 charged. 
 
 K. Releases required. 
 
 When two rates are provided for the transportation of an 
 article, the lower rate being conditioned on a release, the 
 shipper must sign a release, of the form prescribed by the 
 railroad company, or the higher rate will be charged. 
 
 L. Articles provided for " Released " or at "Owner's Risk" only. 
 
 When articles are given in the classification -released" 
 or at - owner's risk " only, and are not otherwise provided 
 for by the rules of the classification, the property, if received 
 for transportation at the carrier's risk, will be charged for in 
 accordance with special instructions issued by the general 
 freight department.* 
 
 M. Guarantees required. 
 
 When freight is to be forwarded, ' ' charges guaranteed, " 
 a guarantee of the form prescribed by the railroad company 
 must be signed by the guarantor. Guarantees of responsible 
 parties only will be accepted. 
 
 WEIGHTS. 
 
 2 I . Weights to be charged for. 
 
 All freight will be charged for at actual gross weight, 
 subject to the prescribed carload minimums, unless otherwise 
 
 * A rate one class higher than the " owner's risk " or " released " rate is usually 
 charged. 
 
14 
 
 TERMS AND CONDITIONS. 
 
 * 
 
 provided for in the established classifications or tariffs, or by 
 special arrangement, without regard to the weight given by 
 shippers and inserted in shipping receipts or bills of lading. 
 On carload shipments, all excess over the prescribed mini- 
 mums will be charged for. 
 
 PREPARING FREIGHT FOR SHIPMENT. 
 
 22. Articles to be properly packed or secured. Subject to 
 
 cooperage, etc. 
 
 All articles designed for shipment must be properly 
 packed in suitable boxe^i, bales, or packages, or secured in 
 such a way as to insure their safe transportation to destina- 
 tion, with the exercise of ordinary care on the part of the 
 carrier. Freight will be subject to charges for any cooper- 
 age, baling or* repacking which may be necessary. 
 
 23. Boots and shoes, hats and caps, etc. 
 
 Cases or packages containing boots and shoes, hats and 
 caps, hosiery, or other articles liable to pilferage or fraudu- 
 lent abstraction, must be strapped with iron and wood, or 
 otherwise securely protected against loss, or the railroad com- 
 pany will not assume responsibility for any diminution of the 
 original contents. 
 
 24. Trunks containing personal effects, etc. 
 
 Trunks containing personal effects and wearing apparel 
 will not be received for transportation as freight unless 
 boxed, except when forming part of a carload shipment 
 of household goods. 
 
 25. Fruit and vegetables. 
 
 Fruit or vegetables in baskets or in open crates, boxes 
 or barrels, must be cc^vered with canvas, or otherwise securely 
 protected against pilferage, or the railroad company will not 
 be responsible therefor. 
 
 26. Liquids. 
 
 Liquids in carboys, bottles, demijohns, jugs, or cans will 
 not be received unless protected by boxes, kegs, jackets or 
 other suitable packages. 
 
 TERMS AND CONDITIONS. 
 
 15 
 
 27. Carriage curtains, cushions, etc. 
 
 , • The railroad company will not be responsible for any 
 loose articles, such as curtains, cushions, etc., belonging to 
 carriages or other vehicles, when shipped unboxed. All 
 loose articles should be boxed by the consignor and shipped 
 separately, no extra charge being made. 
 
 28. Cigars and Cigarettes. 
 
 Cigars and cigarettes must be packed in new cases, and 
 the cases well strapped. 
 
 20. Sewing Machines. 
 
 Sewing machines must be boxed or crated. 
 
 30. Goods in bundles or paper boxes. 
 
 Fine furs in bundles or sacks, goods in paper bundles, 
 and goods in paper boxes will not be received. 
 
 IVIAAKING. 
 
 31. All freight to be marked. 
 
 All freight must be marked with the information neces- 
 sary to carry it to destination and insure its delivery to the 
 proper consignee, the name and address of the consignee 
 being given in full on each article or package, whenever 
 practicable. Any necessary directions as to routing or care 
 in handling, etc., should also be shown. Shipments consist- 
 ing of articles or packages which cannot be marked with the 
 name and address of the consignee in full, must be so marked, 
 numbered, or branded, that they may be readily distinguished 
 from other consignments of a similar nature. Particular 
 attention should be given to cotton, wool, paper stock and 
 rags, flour, dressed hogs, hides, pelts, leather, etc. A card 
 showing the date and point of shipment and name of con- 
 signee and destination in full, should be placed in a conspic- 
 uous place on the inside of every car containing bulk freight. 
 In the case of carload shipments of package freight, two or 
 more packages, placed near the doors of the car should be 
 marked in full, and all should bear distinguishing marks or 
 brands. 
 
i6 
 
 TERMS AND CONDITIONS. 
 
 A. Method of marking. 
 
 Brush and stencil ink or paint, should be used in marking 
 
 n every case where their application is practicable ; stouf 
 
 tags o other suitable means of marking may be employed 
 
 chak h' ";'"^\°' ^ shipment requires it ; paper labels or 
 Chalk should not be used. 
 
 B. Old marks to be obliterated or effaced. 
 
 When property is packed in second-hand boxes, barrels 
 or other packages for transportation, all old marks must b; 
 obliterated or effaced ; shipments must bear but one address 
 (See paragraph 282.) <iuuress. 
 
 C. Articles in Bundles. 
 
 When articles are shipped in bundles, tied or wired 
 ogether, the marking should show the number of articles n 
 the bundles as well as the address. 
 
 D. Order shipments, etc. 
 
 .„ • Y-A '!^' '" "'•'f""' " "'"■'"■■ «r 10 Ih. care o( 
 
 E. Perishable Articles. 
 
 All packages containing fish, poultry, or other perishable 
 articles, must have the character of the freight distinct 
 marked thereon, as well as the name and address of the co„ 
 s.gnee or party to be notified of arrival at destination. 
 F. Fragile Articles. 
 
 .• 1^°''^ °f P^'^'^^g" containing glass or other fragile 
 articles should be marked '.glass." -great care." or " fragife • 
 in large letters, on every side, including the bottom. ' 
 
 C. Butter, cheese and eggs. 
 
 Each package comprised in shipments of butter cheese 
 or eggs, should bear the name and address, or shipping mark 
 
 TERMS AND CONDITIONS. 
 
 17 
 
 H. Household goods, etc. 
 
 Each article or package comprised in shipments of house- 
 hold goods, furniture, etc., must be fully marked, and a 
 complete list of the various articles and packages given in the 
 shipping order furnished by the shipper, unless a car be 
 chartered. 
 
MISCELLANEOUS. 
 
 19 
 
 RULES FOR THE INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE OF AGENTS.^ 
 
 MISCELLANEOUS. 
 
 32. Responsibilities of agents. 
 
 Agents are held responsible for the safety and care of 
 the company's property at their stations; for all freight 
 intrusted to the company for transportation, while in their 
 charge; for the proper transaction of the company's busi- 
 ness ; and for the deportment of employes coming within 
 their jurisdiction. Agents and other employes are expected 
 to deport themselves with uniform civility, extending to all 
 customers, no matter how insignificant their business may be, 
 the most polite and courteous treatment. 
 
 33. Absence from duty. 
 
 Agents must not absent themselves from duty without 
 permission from the superintendent, and employes under the 
 charge of agents must not absent themselves without permis- 
 sion from the agent. If detained from business by sickness, 
 or for any other reason, the superintendent, or the agent, as 
 the case may be, must at once be advised, the reasons for 
 absence being given. 
 
 34. Instructions of superior officers to be connplied with. 
 
 Instructions from superior officers, pertaining to the 
 business of the company, must be strictly complied with. 
 When instructions are not fully understood, or when agents 
 are in doubt as to the proper course to pursue in any case which 
 may arise, the matter should be promptly referred to the 
 official within whose jurisdiction it comes. If it should be 
 found impracticable to carry out instructions which have for 
 any reason been issued, or that the enforcement of any rules 
 which have been adopted would be detrimental to the inter- 
 ests of the company, the facts should at once be reported. 
 
 *The term "aHrent/'as used herein, is inten(le<l to include the atreut and such 
 employes as may come within his jurisdiction in the discharge of their several duties. 
 
 35. Means to be used to advance the interests of the company : 
 needs of patrons to be reported, etc. 
 
 Agents should cultivate a friendly feeling with shippers 
 and consignees, and use every legitimate means to advance 
 the interests and increase the business of the company, keep- 
 ing the general office advised of the needs of the patrons of the 
 road, of any freight which it is thought may be secured and 
 of any special action which may be deemed necessary for the 
 promotion of that end ; of what is being done by compet- 
 ing lines or from competing towns, and of other matters 
 affecting the situation. The general office must at once 
 be advised in case of a violation, or a suspected violation, 
 of existing agreements by competing lines or others. At 
 junction points, the use of the company's warehouses, 
 platforms or tracks, for the purpose of receiving or forward- 
 ing freight coming from or destined to connecting lines, and 
 on which the company performs only a switching service, must 
 not be allowed without special authority. 
 
 36. Complaints. 
 
 Complaints of customers must be promptly attended to, 
 and referred to the proper officer of the company, in case the 
 agent is unable to deal with them in a manner satisfactory to 
 the complainants. 
 
 37. Collecting demurrage or storage charges. Car service 
 
 association rules to be observed. 
 
 In collecting demurrage or storage charges, agents 
 should bear in mind that they are not to work any injustice 
 to the consignee, or do anything that would prejudice the 
 interests of the company. Due allowance should be made 
 where consignees are some distance from the station and do 
 not receive immediate notice of the arrival of goods, and for 
 delays in removal of property necessitated by reason of 
 inclemency of the weather or other unavoidable causes, or 
 the failure of the company to have cars placed for unloading.* 
 
 * Where deraurragre or car service rules are riffidly enforced, ajrents are allowed no 
 discretion m the matter of waiviniif the char^fe made for detention of cars if not 
 unloaded within the prescribed period after beinj^ placed for unloading, and any 
 redress desiml by the consi^fnees or receivei-s of freight must be obtained throutfh 
 
20 RULES FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE OF AGENTS. 
 
 Should consi<^nees think they have reason to complain of 
 storage or demurrage charges collected, they should be 
 requested to send the receipted bill, with a statement of the 
 facts, to the general office for investigation. At stations 
 within the jurisdiction of car service associations, the rules of 
 such associations relative to the collection of demurrage 
 charges will govern, and complaints should be referred to the 
 managers of the associations. 
 
 38. Classification, rates, division^, routing, etc. 
 
 Application should be made to the general freight 
 department for instructions or further information when 
 agents are in doubt as to proper classification, rates, divis- 
 ions, routing, etc., or when special rates are desired. Rates 
 quoted by other lines, or claimed by shippers or others, must 
 not be guaranteed, inserted in shipping receipts or bills of 
 lading, or used in billing, unless authorized by the general 
 office. Where under existing arrangements points are reached 
 via more than one route, shippers should be given such infor- 
 mation as they may require, or as may be necessary, in regard 
 to such routes, and allowed to consign via the particular 
 route they prefer, if any. 
 
 39. Receiving and holding freight for rates or shipping direc- 
 
 tions. 
 
 Shipments destined to points to which through rates are 
 not in force, and on which charges are required to be prepaid, 
 or shipments on which the shippers require a through rate 
 before sending forward, should not be received or receipted 
 for until the necessary information in regard to rates has been 
 obtained.'- (See foot-note, paragraph 196). 
 
 ♦This rule as to tieiKht on which prepayment of charges, etc., is reciuired and 
 which cannot Ixj promptly acceptcnl and forwarded, owinjf to a lack of information as 
 to. the rate, is, sometimr's, under exceptional circumstances, raoditled by aKents, and 
 the shippers aliowe<l to leave the Koods upon their si^ninKa release relieving the'c<»m- 
 pany from all responsibility therefor, either as carrier or warehouseman, the property 
 not beinK rcRularly receipted for and received for transportation until the necessiiry 
 information is obtained; such a practice, however, is objectionable, and should not 
 be allowed. 
 
 MISCELLANEOUS. 
 
 21 
 
 40. Applying for rates. Acceptance or non-acceptance. Record 
 to be kept. 
 
 In making application for rates, the kind and quantity 
 of goods to be shipped, etc., should be stated, and when 
 reduced or special rates are desired, the reasons, or reasons 
 claimed, why such rates should be made, and any other facts 
 which may have a bearing upon the case, should be given. 
 When rates other than tariff are quoted by the general office, 
 agents must reply as to whether or not the rates are accepted. 
 If the rates quoted, whether tariff or special, are not satis- 
 factory, the reasons should be ascertained and the general 
 office advised, so that further action may be taken if deemed 
 necessary or expedient. Quotations will not be considered 
 binding unless promptly accepted. At all stations a rate 
 book should be kept, in which every special rate authorized 
 should be promptly entered, the authority for the rate, 
 date taking effect, time of expiration, and full particulars 
 being shown. The entries in the book and the rate orders 
 should be numbered in correspoYiding consecutive order, and 
 the orders carefully filed away for future reference. 
 
 41. Rates requiring renewal. Changes in rates, etc. 
 
 Agents should see that the general office is advised of 
 rates expiring, in case their renewal is deemed necessary, 
 giving the reasons why such renewal is required. Re^^ular 
 tariff rates must be charged after the expiration of special 
 rates. Shippers and consignees should be kept advised, as 
 far as possible, of changes in rates, classification, tariffs, 
 etc., affecting their interests. 
 
 42. Quoting rates. Divisions not to be given. 
 
 Agents must be particular to quote and use only duly 
 authorized rates. Regular tariff rates must be charged, 
 unless otherwise directed In making special agreements, 
 proper authority must always be consulted. The divisions of 
 through rates, made in connection with other lines, should 
 not be entered on shipping receipts or bills of lading, or 
 
22 
 
 RULES FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE OF AGENTS. 
 
 given to shippers, consignees, or any outside party, unless the 
 giving of such information shall have been directed by the 
 general office. 
 
 43. Inserting rates in shipping receipts or bilis of iading. 
 
 When rates are inserted in shipping receipts or bills of 
 lading, it must be seen that the route via which the ship- 
 ments are consigned, if any, does not conflict with that via 
 which the rates apply, and by which the property is to be 
 forwarded. The points between which rates apply, should 
 in every case be shown, and the rates should be given to the 
 freight station of the carrier only, unless otherwise author- 
 ized. (See paragraphs 42, 44-46). 
 
 44. Extra charges for special delivery, lighterage, transfer- 
 
 ring, cooperage, demurrage, handling, icing, etc. 
 
 When special delivery of freight is desired— that is, 
 delivery at a certain pier or dock, or on a particular siding, 
 etc., agents should ascertain whether such delivery can be 
 made, and, if so, whether there will be any extra charge for 
 lighterage or switching, etc., and be governed accordingly in 
 making quotations, issuing shipping receipts or bills of lading, 
 and in billing. Free lighterage may be granted when author- 
 ized only. It must also be seen that any special charges 
 made for cooperage, demurrage, loading, unloading, transfer- 
 ring or icing freight, or other items to which shipments may 
 be subject in addition to the regular transportation charges, 
 are provided for. 
 
 45. Extra charge for special cars. 
 
 When shippers desire the use of cars provided for special 
 service, such as palace horse cars, heater cars, refrigerator 
 cars, etc., agents must see that any extra charge which may 
 be made for such cars is provided for in making quotations, 
 in issuing shipping receipts or bills of lading, and in billing. 
 
 46. Company's freight. Employes' freight. 
 
 The transportation of freight belonging to or carried for 
 account of the railroad company will be in accordance with 
 special instructions. In case railroad officers or employes 
 
 MISCELLANEOUS. 
 
 23 
 
 desire to have goods for their personal use carried at reduced 
 rates, application should be made to the general office there- 
 for, regular tariff being charged unless a special rate shall 
 have been authorized. 
 
 47. Correspondence. 
 
 Agents must give prompt and careful attention to all 
 communications relating to the business of the company, 
 taking such action as may be necessary, and returning 
 answers, when answers are required, with the least possible 
 delay. If a definite reply cannot be promptly made to a 
 communication, its receipt should be acknowledged and the 
 delay explained. When a second communication .in regard 
 to the same matter is received, it should be replied to, 
 although the first communication may already have been 
 answered, it being taken for granted that the desired infor- 
 mation has not been received by the party to whom the 
 answer was sent. Letters should be made clear and explicit, 
 and at the same time as brief as a proper treatment of the 
 case in hand will admit. Only one subject, as a rule, should 
 be treated of in the same communication. The telegraph 
 should be used only when necessary for the proper protec- 
 tion of the interests of the company. When a letter will 
 answer the purpose as well, the wire should not be used. 
 Telegraphic messages should be made as brief as possible, 
 unnecessary words being omitted. When letters are written 
 or telegrams sent in reply to any communication, reference 
 should be made thereto, the date, etc., being given. In mak- 
 ing requests for copies of circulars, tariffs, special rate orders, 
 etc., the number and date should in every case be given, 
 when known. Communications to which answers are desired 
 should be repeated if not replied to within a reasonable time, 
 and the original communication referred to. 
 
 48. Missing goods; tracers. 
 
 Forwarding agents, upon receipt of notice that goods are 
 missing, should carefully examine their premises and records 
 to ascertain whether the property through error has not been 
 
24 RULES FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE OF AGENTS. 
 
 forwarded, or whether any error in billing or forwarding is 
 apparent, and if so, should see that the necessary steps as to 
 adjustment are taken at once. Where there is any proba- 
 bility of the property wanted having been sent to "a wrong 
 address, the copies of all manifests made for shipments 
 destmed to the point at which the goods are short (and to 
 other pomts when necessary), on the day the missing freight 
 was received for shipment, or on following days, should be 
 examined with a view of ascertaining whether such is the 
 case. If the trouble cannot be thus located and the 
 goods found, or the discrepancy adjusted, the probability of 
 their having been loaded into a wrong car should be con- 
 sidered, and acted upon, it being ascertained what cars 
 were loaded in the same vicinity at or about the time the 
 missing goods are supposed to have been loaded, and these 
 cars traced through to the points at which they were made 
 empty, where there is any possibility of their having con- 
 tained the goods. The wire should be used in tracing perish- 
 able freight, and in other cases when necessary. It is 
 sometimes advisable to notify the shipper when missing goods 
 cannot be found within a reasonable time, in order that the 
 shipment may be duplicated, if necessary, it being arranged 
 that the goods shall be taken back if found, and the presen- 
 tation of a claim avoided if possible. It is usually best, 
 however, that such action be taken only after consultation 
 with, or by the advice of, the g.eneral office. Agents receiv- 
 ing tracers from other agents or from the general office 
 must give them immediate attention, making the necessary 
 e.xamination of their records, warehouses and premises, taking 
 any further action that may be required, and forwarding 
 the tracers with the proper notations, or replying to thf 
 inquiries received, with the least possible delay. 
 
 49. Copying letters, telegrams, manifests, reports, etc. Fur- 
 nishing copies. 
 
 Agents must retain copies (letter press or written) of all 
 
 letters, telegrams, manifests, correction notices, reports, etc., 
 
 originating in their offices and relating to the company's 
 
 MISCELLANEOUS. 
 
 25 
 
 business, and see that they are properly indexed and care- 
 fully preserved for future reference. Care must be exercised 
 to see that letters, telegrams, manifests, etc., are legibly 
 •written and that clear copies are taken, without blurring the 
 original or the copy; impression copies which are not per- 
 fectly legible should be made so by penciling. Particular 
 attention should be given to the securing of goocf copies of 
 manifests when such copies are to be sent to the auditor or 
 to officials of connecting lines. (See paragraph 202). 
 
 6O. Reference to correction notices, reports, issue of dupli- 
 cates, etc., to be noted on station records. 
 
 When correction notices, reports, claims, communica- 
 tions or inquiries relating to shipments forwarded from or 
 received at a station are received or sent, the agent should 
 note full reference thereto on his station records. When 
 duplicate shipping receipts, bills of lading, expense bills, 
 etc., are issued, these facts should also be recorded. This is 
 necessary in order that the duplication of claims may be 
 prevented, the duplication of tracing avoided, etc. 
 
 5 I . Station records, correspondence, etc.; filing. 
 
 Station records, correspondence, circulars, tariffs, special 
 rate orders and instructions should be filed in such a manner 
 that they may be readily referred to. Tariffs, circulars, rate 
 orders, etc., should not be destroyed when they become void, 
 but should be preserved and filed away as part of the station 
 records, the date on which they t)ecome void being noted 
 across the face, with a reference to the circular, tariff or order, 
 if any, by which they are superseded or canceled. All man- 
 ifests received and the entries made therefrom on the station 
 records should be numbered in corresponding consecutive 
 order, and the manifests, unless received at a junction station 
 and destined beyond, should be filed away for future refer- 
 ence, or forwarded to the auditor at the proper time, as may 
 be directed by special instructions. 
 
26 RULES FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE OF AGENTS. 
 
 52. Interstate tariffs, notices, etc., to be posted. State laws 
 
 to be complied with. 
 
 Tariffs, notices of advances or reductions in rates, etc., 
 referring to interstate business, must be duly posted for public 
 inspection, as required by the Interstate Commerce Law and 
 the rulings of the Interstate Commerce Commission. (See 
 Appendix)* The requirements of the laws of the various 
 States relative to the posting of tariffs, etc., must also be 
 complied with. 
 
 53. Businessof the company confidential. Giving information. 
 
 Correspondence to be retained. Furnishing copies of 
 billing. 
 
 The business of the company and the transactions of its 
 customers must be considered strictly confidential. Books, 
 records or correspondence must not be opened to the inspec- 
 tion of the public ; authorized officers or employes of the 
 company only may be allowed access thereto. When parties 
 desire information in regard to their own transactions, it 
 should be promptly and cheerfully given. Applications for 
 special information should be referred to the general office. 
 Correspondence relative to cases of delay, loss, damage, over- 
 charge, etc., should not be given to shippers, consignees or 
 others unless intended expressly for their perusal, but should 
 be retained in the possession of the railroad company. The 
 only papers that may be returned or given to shippers or 
 consignees in case of declension of claims, etc., are those 
 originally furnished by them, not including their own com- 
 munications to the company or its agents. Requests from 
 shippers or consignees, yr the officers or agents of other 
 roads (other than the forwarding or receiving agent directly 
 interested), for copies of manifests or statements of billing, 
 should be referred to the general freight department for 
 authority. 
 
 54. Solicitingsubscrlptlons, furnishing names, etc. 
 
 Agents or other employes of the railroad company are 
 prohibited from using their official positions in replying to 
 applications from outside parties requesting them to solicit 
 
 MISCELLANEOUS. 
 
 '^7 
 
 subscriptions, furnish names of parties with particulars as to 
 their financial standing, etc. ; or in giving any other informa- 
 tion not connected with the company's business and trans- 
 actions in which the applicants are directly interested. Re- 
 quests for the lists of the company's officers or agents should 
 be referred to the general office. 
 
 55. Accounts, etc. 
 
 Accounts must be kept, and returns, and settlements 
 with connecting lines, lighterage or transfer companies, etc., 
 made in accordance with the instructions of the accounting 
 and financial officers of the company. Station records should 
 be written up daily, and the work proved. 
 
 56. Freight forwarded and freight received books. 
 
 Freight forwarded and freight received books should con- 
 tain full and accurate copies of all manifests received or ^^r- 
 warded,* and should show all alterations or corrections made. 
 Any discrepancy which may be discovered or reported by 
 the forwarding or receiving agent as to the quantity or con- 
 dition of freight should also be carefully noted therein, unless 
 a separate book is kept for that purpose. 
 
 57. Cash book. Remittances. 
 
 The cash book should contain an accurate record of all 
 freight moneys received or disbursed, and should at all times 
 show the exact station balance, being fully and promptly 
 written up. Remittances should be made as closely as pos- 
 sible, as directed by the treasurer, and entered in the cash 
 book on the day they are made. 
 
 58. Reports, etc. 
 
 Blanks of the forms prescribed by the railroad company 
 must be used in making reports, etc., the instructions printed 
 thereon or issued in connection therewith being strictly com- 
 plied with. If no business is done, a blank report should be 
 sent at the proper time with a notation to that effect. Re- 
 
 *Un mail}' roads the tissue impression book in which the original manifests are 
 tes ilje record of freight forwarded. 
 
 *Un man}' roads the tissue impression book in 
 cop4ed constitutes ilie record of freight forwarded. 
 
28 RULES FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE OF AGENTS. 
 
 ports should be compared with the station records, to see 
 that they agree, before they are forwarded. In making re- 
 ports of freight on hand (uncollected bills), any special rea- 
 sons for non-delivery known to the agent should be given, 
 where the freight has been held beyond the customary period 
 allowed for its removal. • It should also be stated what action 
 has been taken to secure disposal of the property and collec- 
 tion of charges. 
 
 59. Collection of charges. Receipts to be taken for property. 
 
 Current money, of full value, required. Checks. 
 
 Agents will be held responsible for all losses arising from 
 delivery of freight without the collection of charges, unless 
 the extension of credit shall have been authorized by the 
 treasurer or proper officer of the company ; from the accept- 
 ance of valueless checks or money not of full value ; or from a 
 failure to take proper receipts for property delivered. Agents 
 have a right to require money legally current and of full value 
 in payment of charges. Unless money is known to be good 
 it should not be accepted. Mutilated bills or clipped, 
 punched, worn-smooth or light-weight coin should be refused. 
 When checks are received in payment of charges, agents must 
 know that they are those of responsible parties, requiring 
 their proper certification in case of doubt, and see that they 
 are made payable to the order of the treasurer, or as directed 
 by him. Checks, drafts or notes must not be accepted unless 
 their acceptance shall have been authorized. 
 
 60. Care of money and safes. 
 
 Money should be kept in a private and secure place during 
 the day, and any unremitted amount remaining on hand 
 at the close of the day's business should be taken home by 
 the agent, and carefully taken care of, unless a properly 
 guarded safe or place of deposit is provided. Safes should be 
 placed in locations accessible only to the persons having 
 them in charge or having occasion to use them, and must 
 be kept locked when not in immediate use. 
 
 MISCELLANEOUS. 
 
 29 
 
 61.' Dating stamps. 
 
 Station dating stamps should be kept where they are 
 accessible only to the persons authorized to use them, and 
 under lock and key when not in use. 
 
 62. Warehouses not to be left open. Checking of consignees 
 
 or draymen not to be accepted. 
 
 Agents must not leave their warehouses open unless 
 some one is in charge ; consignees or draymen must not 
 be allowed to remove freight unless delivered to them by an 
 authorized employe of the company, and their checking into 
 or out of the warehouse must not be accepted. 
 
 63. Care of grounds and buildings. 
 
 Agents must keep their station grounds and buildings 
 clean and in proper condition, and their platforms free from 
 ice and snow. The piling of lumber, wood, stone or material 
 of any kind within seven feet of the rails of any track should 
 not be allowed. Loose links or pins, broken material, etc., 
 lying about station yards, must be picked up and put in a 
 safe place, with similar material received from section fore- 
 men, until forwarded to the division master mechanic or 
 such other person as may be designated to receive them. 
 
 64. Freight found on tracks. 
 
 Agents should promptly report to the superintendent and 
 to the general freight department the facts concerning any 
 freight found on the company's tracks, or right of way, and 
 which may have been lost from trains passing over the road. 
 Section foremen are required to turn over to the nearest 
 agent any articles of freight thus found. 
 
 65. Accidents, losses, thefts, etc.; reporting. 
 
 Accidents resulting in loss of or damage to freight must 
 be reported to the superintendent and to the general freight 
 department; also, losses occurring by reason of theft or from 
 other causes. Accidents resulting in damage to the com- 
 pany's cars or equipment only, should be reported to the 
 superintendent. 
 
30 RULES FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE OF AGENTS. 
 
 66. Care of switches; cars left on side tracks, etc. 
 
 Agents must see that the switches at their stations are 
 properly placed and secured, and that they are kept in good 
 working order ; that cars left standing on side tracks are 
 entirely out of the way of passing trains, and that the 
 brakes are properly set. If cars have no brakes, or if the 
 brakes are out of order, the wheels must be blocked. Cars 
 left standing on grades must be coupled together and blocked, 
 in every case. Unauthorized persons must not be allowed 
 to interfere with brakes or cars. 
 
 67. Placing cars and handling freight; agents to give instruc- 
 
 tions. 
 
 Agents must inform conductors, or the engineers or 
 yardmasters in charge of switching engines, where cars are to 
 be placed for loading or unloading, and give them such other 
 directions as may be necessary to secure the proper handling 
 of cars and freight at their stations. Any failure or refusal 
 on the part of conductors, engineers, or yardmasters to 
 properly perform station work should be reported to the 
 superintendent. (See paragraph 355). Cars must not be 
 allowed to stand on the main track to be loaded or unloaded 
 without special permission from the superintendent, and the 
 proper protection of the car in both directions by flagmen. 
 
 68. Weather record to be kept. 
 
 Agents at all stations should keep a daily record of the 
 weather, in a book provided for that purpose, noting whether 
 pleasant, cloudy, light rain or showery, very heavy showers 
 or severe storm of rain or snow, and the temperature. At 
 stations where night men are employed, they should be 
 required to make the necessary entries as to the weather 
 during the night. The record should be made as accurate 
 as possible, so that definite and reliable information on the 
 subject may be furnished when required. 
 
 69. Pencils and stamps, use of. Names of stations and dates ; 
 signatures. 
 
 Pen and ink should invariably be used in filling out and 
 
 signing shipping receipts, bills of lading, expense bills or 
 
 RECEIVING AND RECEIPTING FOR FREIGHT. 
 
 31 
 
 other documents, in making manifests and reports and 
 entries in books, and in conducting correspondence, making 
 notations on tracers, etc. Stamps of no description should 
 be used in signing shipping receipts, bills of lading or expense 
 bills in lieu of pen and ink signatures. The names of stations 
 and the names of agents should be written in full ; station 
 numbers or telegraph calls should not be substituted for the 
 names of stations, nor initials used as signatures. In giving 
 dates, figures should not be used to indicate the month ; the 
 name of the month should be written. 
 
 RECEIVING AND RECEIPTING FOR FREIGHT. 
 
 70. Refusal of shippers to comply with rules and regulations. 
 
 Agents must see that the conditions under which freight 
 is received for transportation are understood, and if the 
 parties offering it for shipment refuse to comply with the rules 
 and regulations of the company relating thereto, they should 
 decline to receive it, and report to the general office, giving a 
 statement of the facts and asking for instructions. 
 
 71. Shipping orders, releases, notations as to responsibility 
 
 etc., to be required Correcting errors. ' 
 
 Agents must require from all parties offering freight for 
 transportation written shipping orders, signed by the ship- 
 pers, giving full particulars of consignment, etc., in accord- 
 ance with paragraph 20,^ and see that releases are signed, 
 or the necessary notations made on the shipping orders by 
 the shippers, if the property is to be forwarded at ' ' Released " 
 or -Owner's risk" rates or at an agreed valuation. f If 
 releases are not signed or notations made, it will be assumed 
 that the property is to be forwarded at the carrier's risk and 
 charged for accordingly. (See paragraph 20, h-l). Trans- 
 fer manife sts, or through billing, as the case may be, will 
 
 * Where freij?ht is forwarded in large lots and delivery to the company extendi 
 m-ermore than one day, separate shipping orders should be required and s^pfrae 
 receipts given for each day's deliveries. separate 
 
 + It should be seen that shippers who are unable to write are rendered the neoes 
 sary assistance in making out shipping orders, etc.; that they are read mer L "he^" 
 before they are signed, and that signatures made by mark (X) are properly attJft^S^ 
 
 ■i- ( 
 
 iNCEi.iai.£ fiMCiL, WHERE VANirOCO FOPWe ARS u#ca) 
 
32 RULES FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE OF AGENTS. 
 
 constitute the authority for forwarding shipments received 
 from other lines. If, in the opinion of the agent, any error 
 has been made by shippers or by other lines in giving ship- 
 ping directions, or in marking, or if further information is 
 necessary in order to secure the proper forwarding of the 
 freight, he should call their attention to the matter in order 
 that they may make any needed corrections. Agents them- 
 selves must not make any change in the shipping directions, 
 nor any change upon a verbal order only. Written authority 
 must be obtained for any changes made. The actual date on 
 which shipments are received must in all cases be shown by the 
 shipping orders or forwarding authority therefor. If the proper 
 date is not given, agents must note or stamp the actual date 
 thereon. The hour and minute the property is received should 
 also be noted on shipping orders, or station records, for future 
 reference. Annual or general releases or guarantees should 
 be arranged in regular order, with the names of the parties 
 by whom they are executed and the date indorsed on the 
 outside, and kept in a secure place, where they will not be 
 lost or destroyed. Shipping orders should be numbered in 
 consecutive order to agree with the corresponding manifests, 
 and carefully filed away, with the names of the shippers and 
 date of shipment noted on the outside. Releases and guar- 
 antees for singl^e shipments should be taken in duplicate, the 
 original being attached to the shipping order and filed with 
 it, and the duplicate attached to and forwarded with the 
 manifest, unless otherwise directed. 
 
 72. Street and number to be given. 
 
 In order that the delivery of freight may be facilitated, 
 especially when destined to large towns, or where the 
 property is of a perishable nature, or consigned to •* order," 
 agents should, when possible, have the street and number, or 
 exact address, to which notice of arrival is to be sent, 
 noted on the shipping order, and manifest accordingly. The 
 freight should also be marked to correspond. 
 
 RECEIVING AND RECEIPTING FOR FREIGHT. 
 
 33 
 
 73. Prepayment or guarantee of charges. 
 
 Agents neglecting to require prepayment or guarantee of 
 charges when called for by the classification or required by 
 special instructions, or accepting without.due authority guar- 
 antees upon which charges cannot be collected, will be held 
 responsible for any loss thereby occasioned to the company. 
 (See paragraph 17). When shipments coming from other 
 Imesare to be forwarded -Charges guaranteed," the guar- 
 antee of such lines should be required, that of the original 
 shipper alone not being accepted.* 
 
 74. " Prepaid " shipments ; accepting and receipting for. 
 
 When shipments consigned -Charges prepaid" to any 
 point are offered by shippers, connecting lines, or any party 
 whatever, agents should require that the money necessary to 
 cover prepayment actually accompany the consignment 
 unless otherwise provided for under existing arrangements. 
 Agents in accepting prepayment must be careful to see that 
 the freight is properly described and the quantity and weight 
 correctly ascertained ; that the proper rates and divisions are 
 used ; and that computations are accurately made ; as they 
 will be held responsible in case the freight is undercharged 
 and the billing afterwards corrected, if the additional amount 
 cannot be collected or the property legally held therefor. 
 When prepayment of charges is made, the weight or number 
 of articles prepaid and the points between which such pre- 
 payment applies, should, in every case, be shown by shipping 
 receipts and bills of lading. Agents must also note the par- 
 ticulars of prepayment on the shipping orders retained, so 
 that the record may be complete. Prepayment of any por- 
 tion of a through rate should not be accepted from shippers ; 
 where prepayment is made under a through rate, it should 
 be through to the point to which the rate applies. 
 
 It IS usually understood that when the manifests or expense bills from connect 
 mg hues bear the notation, - Charges guaranteed,- all charges to destination ar^ 
 guaranteed by such lines. Manifests or expense bills with the notation "Charc-e<5 
 guaranteed by shippers " only, should not be accepted . ' 
 
! I 
 
 34 RULES FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE OF AGENTS. 
 
 75. Freight not worth transportation charges. 
 
 Freight that the agents of the company do not consider 
 worth the transportation charges, at forced sale, must not be 
 received unless the charges are prepaid, or guaranteed by a 
 responsible party. 
 
 76. Advancing charges. 
 
 The cost, or any part of the cost of an article, must in 
 no case be advanced to any party whatever or entered on 
 manifests as advanced charges. Cartage, cooperage, and 
 freight charges, or other charges incidental to transportation, 
 are the only items that may be paid and entered as advanced 
 charges. If, in the agent's judgment, such charges, with 
 charges to destination added, amount to more than the value 
 of the property if sold at forced sale, he must require pre- 
 payment or a satisfactory guarantee covering all charges 
 which are due on the property, and all subsequent .charges, 
 or otherwise decline to receive it. Charges amounting to 
 more than one-third of the value of an article should not 
 ordinarily be advanced. No charges should be advanced on 
 freight when the company performs a switching service only. 
 Advance charges must in no case be paid on perishable 
 property, except to connecting lines, and then only when the 
 collection of all charges is guaranteed by such lines. (See 
 paragraph 7^). When advance charges are paid, they must 
 be entered on the shipping order and on the shipping receipt 
 or bill of lading, and the agent must also take a receipt for 
 the amount, showing what it is for, which he should hold as his 
 voucher for the payment. 
 
 77. "Released" or "Charges guaranteed;'* notations to be 
 made on shipping orders, receipts and bills of lading. 
 Insurance. 
 
 Agents must enter on shipping orders and shipping 
 receipts, or bills of lading, the notation "Released," when 
 shipments are carried under a release, and the notation 
 ♦'Charges guaranteed" when shipments are carried under a 
 guarantee, unless the notations are made by the shippers. 
 
 RECEIVING AND RECEIPTING FOR FREIGHT. 
 
 35 
 
 They must also see that the proper notations ( ' ' Owner's risk, * ' 
 etc., or specifications as to valuation) are made on shipping 
 receipts or bills of lading when property is to be carried at the 
 owner's risk or at an agreed valuation, it being so consigned 
 and the necessary entries made, on the shipping orders by 
 the shippers. (See paragraph 20, h-l). Shipping receipts 
 or bills of lading insuring property against fire, or against 
 marine risks, must not be issued without special authority. 
 
 78. Freight for stations having no agents. 
 
 It should be seen that the shipping receipts or bills of 
 lading given for freight destined for delivery at stations having 
 no freight agents provide that the property shall be at the 
 risk of the owner while at such stations awaiting removal by 
 the consignees. If the shippers decline to have the goods for- 
 warded subject to such a provision, they should be advised 
 that the property will be received and forwarded to the 
 nearest freight station where delivery can be made under 
 the ordinary conditions of transportation if so desired, but 
 that it cannot otherwise be accepted. 
 
 79. Freight loaded by shippers; "Shipper's tally," etc. 
 
 When freight is loaded by the shippers and receipted for 
 as reported by them, the notation - Shipper's tally and load- 
 ing," or ''Shippers weight, tally and loading," as the case 
 may be, must be made on the shipping order and shipping 
 receipt or bill of lading; the necessary notations must be 
 made by agents, unless made by the shippers. 
 
 80. Freight received in rain or snow, etc. 
 
 When freight is received in rain or snow, or wet from 
 recent rain or snow, agents must make notations on shipping 
 orders and shipping receipts or bills of lading accordingly. 
 
 81. Freight loaded in open or on platform cars. 
 
 Property which is liable to loss or damage from the 
 weather, or other causes, must be taken only at the owner's 
 risk when loaded in open or on platform cars. Freight 
 
t 
 
 S6 RULES FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE OF AGENTS. 
 
 of this nature must be loaded on such cars only when 
 requested by the shipper, notations being made on shipping 
 orders and shipping receipts or bills of lading showing that 
 the request was made. 
 
 82. Cars loaded beyond their safe carrying capacity by ship- 
 pers. 
 
 When cars are loaded beyond their safe carrying capac- 
 ity by shippers or owners of freight, they must be required 
 to transfer the property, or such portion of it as may be 
 necessary, to another car, or assume the cost and risk of 
 transfer. Where such transfers are to be made by the rail- 
 road company and the expense charged against the property, 
 the shipping receipts or bills of lading given for the goods 
 should provide therefor ; and notations should also be made 
 on the shipping orders or station records explaining the 
 transaction, so that the record will be complete in case any 
 question should arise as to the charge made for transfer. 
 
 83. Articles to be enumerated. 
 
 When a shipment consists of a variety of articles or 
 packages, the different items must be enumerated in detail in 
 both the shipping order furnished by the shipper and the 
 shipping receipt or bill of lading given for the property. 
 Special attention must be given to shipments of household 
 goods and furniture. (See paragraph 20, h). 
 
 84. Freight to be examined and checked before issuing re- 
 
 ceipts. 
 
 Agents are required to see that all property for which 
 the railroad company is held responsible as to quantity or 
 condition, is carefully checked and examined before receipt- 
 ing therefor, to see that it is in proper shipping condition, 
 and that it agrees with the shipping order or forwarding 
 authority as to the quantity or number of articles or pack- 
 ages, and the kind of freight, and that the marking cor- 
 responds as to consignee, destination, route, if any be 
 specified, distinguishing marks or tags, etc. The simple 
 
 RECEIVING AND RECEIPTING FOR FREIGHT. 
 
 37 
 
 counting of the number of packages or articles without 
 examination as to marks is not sufficient. The attention 
 of the shipper or line offering the freight for transportation 
 should be called to any discrepancy that may be found to 
 exist, in order that the necessary correction may be made 
 before a receipt is given and the goods forwarded. (See para- 
 graph 71.) Care must be taken to see that freight loaded by 
 shippers is properly reported by them as to the quantity and 
 kind of freight, etc. Freight received from other lines must 
 be examined and checked with the transfer or through mani- 
 fests, as the case may be, except when loaded in through 
 cars and forwarded without opportunity for examination or 
 checking. If not checked or transferred, the receipts given 
 for the property must so state, and notations showing the 
 fact must also be. made on the station records and on the 
 manifests. (See paragraph 92). All through cars should be 
 examined with care at junction points,^ in order that any 
 apparent leakages of grain or liquids, or shortages of other 
 freight, or any apparent damage, may be detected and the 
 facts recorded. The contents of cars received from or destined 
 to other lines should in every case, when practicable, be 
 checked by junction agents, if the cars reach them with seals 
 broken, defective or missing, whether the cars are to run 
 through or not, a full record being kept of the particulars. 
 
 85. Freight not to be received unless in good shipping order; 
 damage or shortage to be noted, etc. 
 
 Freight must not be received unless in good shipping 
 condition. (See paragraph 22.) When freight is offered in 
 bad order by shippers, connecting lines, or others, agents 
 should require that it be put in proper order for shipping 
 before receiving it. When packages or freight are damaged 
 or show signs of having been tampered with, or when there 
 is an apparent shortage, the exact condition of the shipment or 
 the extent of the shortage, ascertained by examination and 
 weighing, measuring or counting, as the case may require, 
 must be noted on the shipping orders and station records, 
 
 
Il 
 
 38 RULES FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE OF AGExVTS. 
 
 receipts or bills of lading and manifests. Notations should 
 also be made when the packages containing goods are appar- 
 ently second-hand or show signs of having been recoopered, 
 or when the contents of the packages appear to be in a loose 
 condition. Special attention should be given to freight which 
 IS liable to damage from wet or other causes, or to loss by 
 pilferage. In receiving freight from parties not shipping 
 frequently, especial care should be exercised to see that the 
 goods are properly packed.* 
 
 86. Misrepresentation of contents of packages. 
 
 When agents have any reason to believe that the con- 
 tents of packages are misrepresented in order to avoid the 
 proper classification or to deceive the carrier as to the nature 
 of the freight, they should require an examination of the 
 goods, or some other satisfactory evidence that they are as 
 represented, before receipting therefor. 
 
 87. Returned empty* packages. 
 
 When returned empty packages, such as beer kegs, etc., 
 are offered for shipment, agents must satisfy themselves, 
 before using rates especially provided for returned empties, 
 that they were used when full in the transportation of a 
 regular consignment over the same route by which they are 
 to be returned. If they have reason to believe that the 
 packages when full were forwarded by competing lines or by 
 express, they should make a note to that effect on the ship- 
 ping orders, receipts and manifests, and assess charges in 
 accordance with the regular rates provided for new packages. 
 88. Distilled spirits, malt liquors, etc. 
 
 Care must be taken to see that casks, kegs or packages 
 containing distilled spirits, malt liquors or other articles sub- 
 ject to United States revenue tax, bear the stamps, brands or 
 marks required by law to be placed thereon, and that they 
 
 * In ctuse of doubt as to the proper paekin«: of Kroods, they are sometimes receive<I 
 by aKcnts on condition that the risk shall be assumed by the owner, and the pro|>erty 
 receipted for accordinj^ly, but such a practice is objectionable: all freiifht should I>e 
 properly prepared for shipment. 
 
 RECEIVING AND RECEIPTING FOR FREIGHT. 
 
 39 
 
 are not defaced in handling the property. It must also be 
 seen that the stamps, brands or marks on empty packages 
 •which have contained such articles are completely removed 
 or effaced before receiving them for transportation. Beer 
 stamps should always be found over the spigot hole, and are 
 canceled by having the spigot driven through them. (See 
 Appendix). 
 
 89. Removal of distilled spirits from distilleries, etc. 
 
 The United States revenue law prohibits the removal of 
 any distilled spirits in any cask or package containing more 
 than ten gallons from any premises or building where the 
 same may have been distilled, redistilled, rectified, com- 
 pounded, manufactured, or stored, at any other time than 
 after sunrise and before sunset ; agents must, therefore, be 
 careful not to remove such casks or packages or switch cars 
 loaded therewith from such buildings or premises except 
 within the time specified. 
 
 90. Explosives and dangerous articles. 
 
 Shipments of gunpowder and other dangerous or explo- 
 sive articles, destined to points on other lines, must not be 
 accepted without first ascertaining whether they will be 
 received by such lines ; nor for points on the railroad com- 
 pany's own line, without proper authority. Such articles 
 must in no case be received for transportation by steamers 
 carrying passengers. (See Appendix). 
 
 9 I . Carload shipments, etc., for stations without sidings. 
 
 Carload shipments, or articles so heavy or bulky that 
 they cannot be readily handled and unloaded by trainmen, 
 must not be received for delivery at stations without sidings. 
 When desired by shippers, such freight may be forwarded to 
 the station nearest destination at which there is a siding. 
 92. Shipments coming from or destined to other lines. 
 
 Shipments offered by other lines should not be received 
 or receipted for until regular billing is furnished therefor, 
 except where through billing arrangements are in force and 
 cars are allowed to run through under slip manifests, when 
 
 j(i 
 
40 RULES FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE Ol' AGENTS. 
 
 the regular manifests are for any reason delayed. Ship- 
 ments should not be accepted and forwarded on billing bearing 
 such notations as -Memorandum bill," -Regular bill to 
 follow/-- - Weight and charges to follow," etc., e.xcept where 
 it IS necessary to so forward astray freight, without special 
 authority from the general office. Agents at junction points 
 must keep a record of all shipments received from or delivered 
 to other lines, showing particulars of consignment, giving full 
 reference to billing, date and time of receipt and forwarding or 
 delivery of freight and manifests, car door or other fastenings 
 on arrival and departure, any discrepancy discovered as to the 
 quantity or condition of freight and any corrections or changes 
 made in billing. Manifests should not be accepted from 
 other lines in advance of the freight, except where through 
 billing arrangements are in force and cars are sent through on 
 slip manifests, and the acceptance and forwarding of the 
 regular manifests in advance of the freight authorized. Any 
 refusal or failure on the part of other lines to promptly 
 receive and forward freight, or any delay in furnishing mani- 
 fests, should be reported. Receipts, stating the condition of 
 the freight and the time of its delivery, and receipts showing 
 the date and time of delivery of manifests, should in every 
 case be required for freight or manifests delivered to other lines. 
 
 93. Issuing shipping receipts. Duplicates or copies. 
 
 A separate receipt of the form prescribed or authorized 
 by the railroad company, showing the station at which the 
 goods are received and the actual date of their receipt, filled 
 out and signed in inkf must be given for each and every con- 
 signment received for transportation, and must be signed 
 either by the agent or by a person duly authorized to act for 
 him ; in the latter case, the name of the agent mu.st be used 
 in addition to that of the person actually signing. The sign- 
 ing of receipts by clerks or other employes indiscriminately 
 should no t be permitted. If the receipts cannot for any 
 
 -^iip manife>sts are sometimes designated as ''Memorandum bills" or bear the 
 specification - Ke>rular bill to follow by express train ; " in such ca^s the rules govern- 
 mjr slip manifests ai)ply. H">eru 
 
 i"^ ...-200. 
 
 RECEIVING AND RECEIPTING FOR FREIGHT. 
 
 41 
 
 reason be signed by the agent personally, he should assign 
 the duty to some responsible person. Receipts must not be 
 issued until all the property covered thereby is actually in the 
 possession of the railroad company. Shipping receipts must 
 not be given on blanks furnished by shippers, unless their use 
 shall have been authorized by the general freight department. 
 Duplicate shipping receipts may be issued only when their 
 issue has been authorized by the general freight depart- 
 ment ; copies, however, may be furnished to shippers when 
 necessary, if so marked. The word "Duplicate" must in 
 every case be written, printed or stamped in ink on the face 
 of duplicate receipts, and the fact that a duplicate has been 
 issued should be noted on the shipping order. 
 
 94. Receipts to be compared with shipping orders before 
 signing. 
 
 Before shipping receipts are signed, they must in every 
 case be compared with the shipping orders to see that they 
 agree as to consignee, destination, route, articles shipped, 
 quantity, condition, marks, responsibility, valuation, direc- 
 tions as to grading or not grading, stopping off, notify- 
 ing of arrival, delivery, etc. ; that the receipts as well as the 
 shipping orders are dated in accordance with the actual date 
 of completion of delivery to the company, and that the name 
 of the station at which the goods are received for shipment, 
 and the name of the station at which they will leave the road, 
 are shown. (See paragraph 95). Receipts must not be 
 given bearing any notations which do not appear on the 
 shipping orders. Notations showing that receipts have been 
 issued, must be made on shipping orders by agents at the 
 time of issue. 
 95. Receipts not to be given beyond the company's line. 
 
 Shipping receipts must not be given agreeing to deliver 
 freight at any point beyond the railroad's own line, or at a 
 point not a railroad station or at which delivery cannot be 
 made. When a shipment is destined to a point on or vza a 
 connecting line, the receipt should be given to the junction 
 point or point of delivery to such line only ; through rates, 
 
42 RULES FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE OF AGENTS. 
 
 however, may be inserted if requested by shippers, when such 
 rates are authorized by the general freight department via 
 the route the shipments are to go. 
 
 96. Issuing bUls of lading. 
 
 Agents must not issue bills of lading unless duly author- 
 ized to so issue. If application be made to an agent not 
 having this authority, he should refer the applicant to the 
 general freight department or to an official of the company 
 having the necessary authority. 
 
 97. Blanks to be used. Original receipts to be taken up, etc. 
 
 In issuing bills of lading, blanks of the forms prescribed 
 by the railroad company must be used. Bills of lading may 
 be issued only upon the surrender of the original shipping 
 receipts, with which they must exactly agree as to date and 
 particulars of consignment, articles, marks, etc. All nota- 
 tions, such as "Owner's risk," -Released," -Charges 
 guaranteed," " Shipper s weight and loading," -Shipper's 
 tally," notations as to valuation, condition, etc., which 
 appear on shipping receipts must also be entered on bills of 
 lading when they are issued and the receipts taken up. 
 These notations should be written out in full. More than 
 one consignment should not be included in the same bill of 
 lading, nor shipments made- on different days. If in any 
 case it is absolutely necessary that goods delivered to the 
 company on different days be included in the same bill of 
 lading, they should be entered on the bill of hiding separately 
 and the dates of receipt noted against the corresponding 
 entries. Bills of lading for -part lots " (parts of shipments 
 covered by the same shipping order) should contain a refer- 
 ence to the bills of lading for the balance of the lot. This 
 will also apply to shipping receipts. 
 
 98. Filing original receipts. Issuing duplicate bills of lading, 
 copies, etc. 
 
 Original shipping receipts surrendered at the time of 
 issue of bills of lading, must be filed away and carefully pre- 
 
 RECEIVING AND RECEIPTING FOR FREIGHT. 
 
 43 
 
 served, the fact that a bill of lading has been issued and date 
 of issue being noted thereon, and the rate, if any, and the 
 points between which it applies shown ; if no rate has been 
 inserted, that fact must be noted. This is necessary in order 
 that true copies or exact duplicates may be furnished in case 
 they are wanted at any time. Original bills of lading should 
 be marked -Original;" duplicates, - Duplicate;" triplicates, 
 -Triplicate," etc.^ Copies should be marked -Copy." 
 Copies of bills of lading may be furnished to shippers when 
 necessary, but duplicate bills of lading, etc., may not be 
 issued unless their issue shall have been authorized by the 
 general freight department, t 
 
 99. Bills of lading not to be given beyond delivering station. 
 
 Care must be taken not to give bills of lading calling for 
 delivery at points not railroad stations, or at which delivery 
 cannot be made by the railroad company or its connections. 
 (See paragraphs 43 and 44). 
 
 100. Guaranteeing train, time, or through carriage. 
 
 Shipping receipts or bills of lading must not be given, 
 nor verbal agreements made, guaranteeing transportation by 
 any particular train or delivery within any specified time or 
 
 Exception.— ♦ Bills of lading are sometimes issued in sets of two or three, or 
 more, especially in the case of foreign shipments, each being duly affirmed and of 
 equal validity until one of the set is accomplished, when the others become void, a 
 provision to this effect being contained therein. This is done in order that the 
 bills of lading may be forwarded by different conveyances and delay or accidental 
 loss thus guarded against; or where more than one is necessary in order to meet Cus- 
 toms re<iuirements, etc. The notations "Original, "Duplicate," "Triplicate," etc., are 
 as a rule omitted from such bills of lading, each of the set being considered an 
 original until one is accomplished. 
 
 + In issuing bills of lading in ordinary cases, where shippers desire two or more 
 copies so that one may be sent to the consignee, or to the bank through which collec- 
 tion is to lie made in the case of "order" shipments, and one or more retained as a 
 voucher to show that the shipment has been made, or for other purposes, the first or 
 original should be marked " Original," and the other, or others, " Copy," unless other- 
 wise directed. It has been the practice on many roads to mark the fii-st "Original," 
 the second "Duplicate," etc., but this is now being discontinued and duplicates 
 issued only to take the place of destroyed or lost originals, etc., under authority 
 from the general office. 
 
 A duplicate is, in law, "An original instrument repeated; a document which is 
 the same as another in all essential particulars, and differing from a mere copy in 
 having all the validity of an original."— Bukrill. 
 
m 
 
 44 RULES FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE OF AGENTS. 
 
 for any particular market or event, or that freight shall go 
 through without transfer, but care must be taken to see that 
 goods are forwarded by the first available train and all 
 unnecessary delays or transfers avoided. If in any case it 
 IS desired that special time be made, the general freight 
 department or the official in charge of the movement of 
 freight should be advised. 
 
 101. Inserting or guaranteeing weights, etc. 
 
 When weights are given in shipping receipts or bills of 
 ladmg for any kind of freight, it should always be with the 
 specihcation - Said to weigh," or - Weight subject to correc- 
 tion, unless otherwise directed. Weights must in no case 
 be guaranteed without authority. 
 
 Lumber, grain, potatoes or other freight, loaded by 
 shippers or connecting lines and consigned as so many thou- 
 sand feet, so many bushels, etc., should be receipted for 
 with the specification -More or less." (See also para- 
 graph 79). 
 
 1 02. Inserting number of articles, etc. 
 
 The number of articles or packages comprised in ship- 
 ments should always be inserted in shipping receipts and 
 bills of lading in writing as well as in figures, thus : 
 
 Two (2) printing presses, boxed. 
 
 One (i) box castings. 
 
 The names of the various articles of freight should be 
 written in full. 
 
 103. Car numbers and Initials to be shown. 
 
 When property is loaded before receipts are given the 
 receipts and bills of lading must show the numbers ' and 
 initials of the cars in which it is loaded. 
 
 104. Alterations or erasures to be avoided. 
 
 In filling out shipping receipts or bills of lading, care 
 must be taken to avoid the making of alterations or erasures. 
 
 UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT FREIGHT. 
 
 45 
 
 105. Shipping receipts or bills of lading and manifests to 
 
 agree. 
 
 Shipping receipts or bills of lading must not be given 
 containing any notations which are not to appear on the 
 manifests ; shipping receipts or bills of lading and manifests 
 must agree as to all the particulars of consignment. 
 
 106. inserting rates. 
 
 Especial care must be exercised to see that rates inserted 
 in shipping receipts or bills of lading are correct, and that the 
 points between which they apply are properly shown. (See 
 paragraphs 42-46). 
 
 107. Special charges to be provided for. 
 
 Any special charges which are made in addition to the 
 regular transportation charges, must be provided for in ship- 
 ping receipts and bills of lading. (See paragraphs 44-45). 
 
 108. Advanced charges to be entered. 
 
 Advanced charges and charges prepaid must in every 
 case be entered on shipping receipts and bills of lading. 
 (See paragraphs 73-76). 
 
 UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT FREIGHT.* 
 
 109. Government bills of lading. 
 
 United States Government property must not be received 
 for shipment unless original and duplicate bills of lading, 
 prepared by the Government, are presented therewith. Before 
 signing th6 bills of lading, agents must examine them carefully 
 to see that the freight is properly described, that the weights 
 and rates are correctly shown, and that any extra charges 
 made for switching or other special services are provided for, 
 as collection can be made only in accordance therewith ; if 
 
 *These rules refer to property on which the transportation charges are to be paid 
 by the Government and other goods the transportation of which is taken charge of bv 
 the Quartermaster's Department, U. S. A. The transportation of freight for the 
 various executive departments of the Government is delegated to the Quartermaster's 
 Department under existing regulations. Where freight is shipped by private parties 
 on private (ordinary) bills of lading, consigned to the Government or one of its 
 departments, and all charges prepaid by such parties, the U. S. A. Regulations do not 
 govern the shipment, and no public (Government) bills of lading are necessary 
 
46 RULES FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE OF AGENTS. 
 
 found incorrect, their correction by the issuing or some other 
 competent official, or the preparation of new bills of lading, 
 should be required ; any alterations, erasures or interlinea- 
 tions made must be explained over the signature of the 
 official by whom they are made. The duplicate should be 
 returned to the official by whom the shipment is made, and 
 the original attached to and forwarded with the regular 
 manifest for the goods, a notation being made on the mani- 
 fest showing that it is attached, thus : - Government bill of 
 
 lading No. attached to this manifest." The greatest 
 
 care must be exercised to prevent the loss of Government 
 bills of lading, as their loss would lead to much trouble and 
 delay in collecting charges, their surrender, properly indorsed 
 by the consignee or proper receiving officer, being required by 
 the Government before making payment. If the regular 
 manifests and bills of lading do not accompany the car, but 
 are forwarded under cover, they should be sent by express, 
 if possible. Agents, conductors or yardmasters receiving 
 manifests bearing notations to the effect that Government 
 bills of lading are attached, must be particular to see that 
 they are attached, and that they are not lost while in their 
 charge. 
 
 I 10. Manifesting; rates; preparing goods for shipment, etc. 
 
 Government property must be manifested strictly in 
 accordance with the bills of lading as to consignee, destina- 
 tion, route, articles, marks, weight, etc. Regular tariff rates 
 must be charged, unless otherwise specially directed by the 
 general freight department, and the goods forwarded with 
 charges ^'to collect " unless payment is actually made to the 
 forwarding agent before the property is shipped. Govern- 
 ment property must be sufficiently described in the bills of 
 lading to enable agents to apply the proper classification and 
 rates. The same rules as to packing or preparing for ship- 
 ment and the furnishing of shipping directions apply on 
 
 CARS. 
 
 47 
 
 Government freight as on shipments made by private parties. 
 The goods must also be properly marked. - 
 
 1 1 1. Advancing charges on Government freight. 
 
 Agents at junction points must not accept Government 
 property from connecting lines and advance charges thereon 
 unless accompanied by Government bills of lading covering 
 all advances and the charges through to the point to which 
 transportation is undertaken. 
 
 112. Delivery receipts ; collection of charges. 
 
 When Government shipments reach destination, agents 
 must see that they are properly receipted for, on the back of 
 the original bill of lading, by the Government official 
 or party properly authorized to receive the property, and 
 that such bill of lading, together with the expense bill, is 
 remitted to the auditor or other officer of the company' by 
 whom collection is to be made, in accordance with special 
 instructions. If by the terms of the Government bill of 
 lading the charges are made payable to a line other than the last 
 carrier, the amount should be expensed back on such line, at 
 the point designated, the original Government bill of lading, 
 properly receipted, being attached to the expense manifest! 
 
 CARS. 
 
 I 13. Car reports. 
 
 Reports concerning cars must be made at such times and 
 in such manner as may be directed by the operating depart- 
 ment. 
 
 * U. S. A. R. 1227. " Officers or agents of the Quartermaster's Department ship 
 ping public property or baggrajfe, will mark each box, bale, cask or package with the 
 name and station of the officer to whom it is consigned, and will number them con 
 secutively from one upward . Packages of quartermaster's property should so far as 
 practicable, l)ear consecutive numbei-s, to be preceded or followed by the number 
 given to other classes of property shippcnl at the same time; but no two packages of 
 the same shipment will bear the same number, unless in case of reshipment of pack 
 ages already numbered. When grain, hay and other classes of stores are shipped in 
 large quantities, and in packages of like dimensions and weight, numbering may be 
 omitted. In case of reshipment, stores will be remarked, if necessary bv the nmn^^ 
 re<iuired to reship them." ' "-ut; onicer 
 
 U. S. A. R. 1228. "Officers in turning over property to the Quartermaster's 
 Department for transportation, will plainly mark each box, bale, cask or package with 
 the name of the officer or person to whom it is to be forwarded, its contents weight 
 and ultimate destination ; also with the letters ' C S.' " ' J« . 
 

 
 48 RULES FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE OF AGENTS. 
 
 I 14. Applying for cars. Promising to furnish cars 
 
 Agents having at any time an insufficient supply of cars 
 for load.ng should make application to the official having 
 charge of the distribution of cars for the desired number 
 statmg when they are wanted, the kind of freight to be 
 loaded, and to what points destined. Cars must not be 
 promised for loading at any particular time when they are 
 not at hand. Applicants should be advised that they will be 
 asked for, and furnished if possible. 
 
 IIS. Distribution of cars. 
 
 If at any time there are not a sufficient number of cars 
 available to carry the freight offered for transportation 
 agents should distribute those which they have as fairly as 
 possible among the shippers offering such freight, giving 
 preference to live stock, perishable property, and the ship 
 ments that have been longest waiting. 
 
 116. Foreign or Line cars; loading. 
 
 Foreign or Line cars must not be loaded for stations on 
 or vta a road over which they are not allowed to run or 
 otherwise than in accordance with special directions issued 
 from time to time. When agents are in doubt as to what 
 points such cars may be loaded for, they should apply to the 
 official in charge for the necessary information. In case 
 there are no loads for foreign or Line cars they should be 
 reported for disposition. 
 
 117. Inspection of cars. 
 
 Before loading cars, agents are required to see that they 
 are in proper condition for the reception and safe carrying of 
 the freight which is to go, and that old cards,* seals and 
 marks are removed. Cars which are out of repair or likely ' 
 to become disabled in transit must not be used, but must be 
 properly carded and marked, showing the nature of the 
 defect, and forwarded to the shop for repairs. A record 
 must be kept of the inspection of cars. 
 
 • Home routing cards should not, of coursp, be removed nntn f),„, i, 
 their purpose. "'»*• "^ femoved until they haveservcd 
 
 CARS. 
 
 49 
 
 118. Cars furnished to shippers. 
 
 Agents should call the attention of shippers to the fa-t 
 that It is their duty to examine cars furnished to them to see 
 that they are in proper condition, before loading, and that 
 they must assume any loss or damage which may arise from 
 the use of a defective car. if such car be accepted and loaded 
 Care must be taken by agents, however, to see that proper 
 cars are used. When cars are furnished by a connecting 
 line for a particular order, agents should see that the identi- 
 cal cars thus furnished are tendered to the shipper unless 
 found to be unfit for use, when the line by which they were 
 furnished should be advised. For carioad shipments, cars of 
 sufficient capacity to carry the established carload minimum 
 weight or quantity should be furnished if possible. 
 
 I I 9. Cars for merchandise, flour, butter, etc. 
 
 Merchandise, flour, butter, cheese, eggs, or other arti- 
 cles which are liable to be impregnated or injured thereby 
 must not be loaded in cars containing or which have been 
 used for fertilizers, oil. live stock, lime. etc. Nothing liable 
 to damage from dirt, wet or stain should be loaded in cars 
 which are not perfectly clean and dry. 
 
 120. Tanltage, fertilizers, petroleum, etc. 
 
 Tankage, or fertilizers in bulk, petroleum and its products 
 or other articles which are likely to impregnate cars or injure 
 them for other traffic, must, as far as possible, be loaded in 
 cars especially provided or set apart for the purpose. Petro- 
 leum, etc., in barrels, should be loaded in stock cars when 
 practicable, unless special cars are provided. 
 
 121. Freight liable to damage from water. Grain, etc. Grain 
 doors; material for blocl<ing, etc. 
 
 Freight liable to damage from water must not be loaded 
 in cars with leaky roofs or cars the doors of which cannot be 
 tightly closed. Particular care must be exercised in the 
 selection of cars for grain, feed, or other freight in bulk in 
 

 50 RULES FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE OF AGENTS. 
 
 order that losses by leakage around king-bolts, doors, etc., 
 may be avoided. Inside or grain doors should always be 
 used when cars are loaded with grain or other freight 
 liable to leakage if not thus protected. When cars equipped 
 with such doors are loaded with freight not requiring their 
 use, they must be carefully put back out of the way and 
 secured in their proper places. If agents are not supplied 
 with the lumber necessary for use in making grain doors, or 
 the necessary blocking for other freight, or if there is any 
 question as to who shall furnish the doors or material, they 
 should take the matter up with the superintendent or the 
 general freight department. A record should be kept of all 
 grain doors or dunnage furnished by the company, and 
 reports regularly made to the general freight department 
 where the shipments are destined to points on other lines and 
 the expense is to be prorated. When the material is fur- 
 nished by the company and the expense is to be charged 
 against the property, the amount should be entered on mani- 
 fests and collected from consignees, unless paid by the ship- 
 pers. The number of grain doors, etc., furnished for cars 
 by the company should always be noted on the manifests. 
 
 122. Hay, straw, cotton, etc. 
 
 Hay, straw, cotton, hemp, paper stock, and other 
 inflammable articles, must in no case be loaded in open cars ; 
 good tight box cars only must be used, and the doors, venti- 
 lators and all crevices must be securely closed, to avoid 
 danger of fire from ignition by sparks from locomotives or 
 from other causes. 
 
 123. Apples, vegetables, etc. 
 
 Open or stock cars should not be used for apples, vege- 
 tables, or other freight liable to loss or damage from the 
 weather or by reason of broken packages or pilferage. When 
 the use of such cars is especially requested by shippers, or 
 when they request that the doors of cars containing freight 
 
 CARS. 
 
 51 
 
 be cleated open, they should be advised that this cannot be 
 allowed unless all risk of loss or damage is assumed by the 
 owner, the property being consigned at owner's risk and a 
 notation made on the shipping order showing that the 
 request was made ; and agents must see that the property is 
 receipted for accordingly. 
 
 1 24. Lining cars ; use of stoves. 
 
 The lining of cars to be used for the transportation of 
 perishable property, or the use of stoves therein, should be 
 permitted only when authorized by the general freight depart- 
 ment. Stoves must be placed as far as possible from the 
 sides of the car or anything liable to ignition, and must rest 
 upon metallic stands or legs and be placed in a low box con- 
 taining sand or ashes or have sheet iron, tin or zinc spread 
 underneath ; they must also be well secured, so as to prevent 
 them from shifting or falling over in case of severe shock. 
 The woodwork around the pipes, where they pass out of the 
 car, must be protected by sheet iron, tin or zinc. Cars con- 
 taining fires must be accompanied by men in charge, unless 
 otherwise directed. The transportation of men in charge 
 and the returning of cars, or disposition or returning of stoves 
 or linings not taken by consignees, will be in accordance with 
 the rules of the classification and special instructions. 
 
 125. Refrigerator cars; icing, etc.; use for merchandise. 
 
 Refrigerator cars should be thoroughly cleansed before 
 icing, and care taken to see that the waste pipes are clear, 
 so that the waste water may readily escape, and that they 
 are in perfect order. The ice should be washed before 
 being placed in the boxes, to obviate any danger of obstruc- 
 tion of the waste pipes by sawdust or other foreign matter. 
 In order that the air in refrigerator cars may be kept free 
 from moisture while in transit, it is very essential that the 
 floors be perfectly dry, and it must be seen that the ice is 
 confined to the places provided for it and no portion of it 
 allowed to become scattered over the floor of the car. When 
 
 I 
 
52 
 
 RULES FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE OF AGENTS. 
 
 there is any danger of damage to the contents of refrigerator 
 cars from coming in contact with floors which may be damp, 
 racks or other suitable appHances for preventing the freight 
 from coming in contact therew^ith should be used. At ter- 
 minal or icing stations the cars should be examined to see 
 that they have a proper supply of ice, if loaded with freight 
 which requires icing. A record should be kept of the amount 
 of ice placed in cars at point of shipment or en route, and of 
 the amount remaining therein at each time of examination 
 and on arrival at destination, it being weighed in every 
 case when practicable. The temperature of the cars at 
 each point should also be recorded. When refrigerator 
 cars are to be used for general merchandise, or freight likely 
 to be damaged by wet, any ice, straw or sawdust which they 
 may contain must be removed, and the carsw^ll cleaned and 
 put in proper condition before loading. 
 
 LOADING, HANDLING AND STOWING FREIGHT. 
 
 126. Use of cars. Holding freight for way train. 
 
 Agents must exercise economy in the use of cars, never 
 sending a car away with a small lot of freight which can as well 
 be loaded into cars in a passing train, and readily handled by 
 trainmen. Care must be taken, however, not to hold for 
 loading into passing trains shipments which are so heavy or 
 bulky, or great in quantity, as to preclude careful handling 
 without an undue detention of the train in loading or unload- 
 ing. Such shipments should be loaded by agents in cars 
 which may be cut out and left at the stations to which the 
 freight is destined. 
 
 127. Distribution of lading. 
 
 It must be seen that cars are not loaded beyond their 
 safe carrying capacity ; that the lading is properly distrib- 
 uted over the trucks ; stowed or secured in such a way as to 
 insure its safe carriage ; and so placed as to facilitate unload- 
 ing. The rules of the operating department as to the maxi- 
 
 LOADING, HANDLING AND STOWING FREIGHT. 
 
 53 
 
 mum weights and dimensions to which cars may be loaded 
 must be strictly observed. 
 
 128. Way and through freight. 
 
 Freight for places in different districts, or on different 
 divisions of the railroad company's line, should, as far as 
 practicable, be loaded in separate cars, in order that unnec- 
 essary transfers and delays may be avoided. Freight for 
 way stations should not be loaded in cars containing through 
 freight ; way and through freight should be in separate cars. 
 
 129. Mixed carloads; loading. 
 
 When freight belonging to different parties is loaded in 
 the same car, the goods comprised in each lot must be kept 
 together ; consignments must not be mixed in loading ; and 
 when shipments for different stations are loaded in the same 
 car, the goods for each station must be kept together, and 
 the freight loaded in station order, so that the last lot loaded 
 will be the first to unload, and also, as far as possible, with 
 reference to the side of the car from which it will be 
 unloaded. 
 
 130. Cars destined to elevators. Package freight not to be 
 
 loaded with grain in bulk, etc. 
 
 No freight of any kind must be loaded in cars destined 
 to elevators except such as is taken for elevator delivery. 
 Package freight should not be loaded in cars containing grain, 
 etc., in bulk. 
 
 131. Loading different kinds of grain In same car. Grain in 
 
 sacks. 
 
 Different kinds of grain must not be loaded in the same 
 car unless in sacks, barrels, or other packages. In loading 
 grain in sacks, the sacks should be so placed that the mouths 
 will be toward the middle of the car, especially near the doors, 
 so that loss by leakage may be avoided in case the sacks 
 become untied. 
 
54 RULES FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE OF AGENTS. 
 
 132. Handling and stowing freight. 
 
 Careful attention must be given to the handling and 
 stowing of freight in order that damages arising from break- 
 age, chafing, falling of packages, leakage of liquids, etc., while 
 at stations or in transit, may be avoided. Precautionary 
 marks, such as -Fragile," -Glass," - Handle with care," 
 *' Keep dry," -This side up," etc., should be observed and 
 the goods handled accordingly. The fact that property is 
 '* Released," or taken at -Owner's risk," does not preclude 
 the necessity for proper care and careful handling on the part 
 of the railroad company or its employes. Stoves, stove 
 fixtures, castings, furniture, and other easily broken articles, 
 should be given special attention. When it is necessary to 
 stow articles on top of other freight, the heaviest goods and 
 those which are least liable to be damaged should be loaded 
 first. Carpeting, oilcloths, and other goods should be so 
 loaded that damage may not arise by reason of friction 
 with other articles, the sides of the car, nails, bolts, etc. 
 Freight hooks should not be used in handling bales contain- 
 ing merchandise or goods which might be damaged by their 
 use. Fertilizers or other offensive articles must not be 
 allowed near freight likely to be permeated or injured thereby, 
 in cars or at stations. Casks or packages containing oil, 
 turpentine, or other liquids, must not be placed on top 
 of or near any freight liable to be damaged in case of 
 leakage. In stowing casks or barrels containing molasses, 
 syrups, tar, turpentine, liquors or oils, they should be so 
 placed that they will rest on the bilge, with the bungs upper- 
 most, and should be securely blocked with straw wads or 
 wooden blocks.* Brick or stone blocking should not be used 
 in cars, it being apt to work loose. When practicable, the 
 casks or barrels should be stowed lengthways in the cars. 
 
 *In loadinif carload shipments of petroleum, refined oil, etc., in barrels it is 
 sometimes necessary to place the barrels on end, in order that the prescribed minimum 
 carload weight or quantity may he gotten in the car, an exception being made to 
 the above rule, but such loading should be avoided when possible. Barrels, casks or 
 hogsheads containing molasses, syrup, glucose, or other heavy liquids, should inva- 
 riably be loaded on the bilge. 
 
 LOADING, HANDLING AND STOWING FREIGHT. 
 
 55 
 
 133. Butter, eggs and clieese. 
 
 Butter, eggs and cheese require special care in handling 
 and stowing. Packages containing butter or cheese should 
 be trucked or carried into and out of cars and never rolled, 
 and not stowed so high or in such a way that they will fall 
 and be broken open or the contents damaged. Such pack- 
 ages must not be stowed on top of packages containing eggs. 
 Cases containing eggs should be stowed lengthways in load- 
 ing into cars, and properly secured against shifting. Damage 
 from contact with damp floors should also be guarded against. 
 (See paragraph 125). 
 
 134. Carriages, engines, machinery, fragile articles, etc. 
 
 Agents must see that carriages, engines, etc., loaded on 
 platform cars, and machinery or other articles likely to fall 
 over or be damaged in case of sudden shock in switching, or 
 from other causes, are well blocked or secured before allow- 
 ing cars to leave their stations. Special attention should be 
 given to articles which appear to be - top-heavy " or fragile, 
 to plate-glass, and to acids in carboys, etc. 
 
 135. Articles on platform cars. 
 
 Care must be taken to see that articles loaded on plat- 
 form cars are not of such a height or do not project beyond 
 the ends or sides of the cars to such an extent as to be a 
 source of danger in coupling, passing through tunnels or 
 under bridges, or in passing buildings along the line or 
 other cars. When articles of unusual length, height or bulk 
 are offered, it must be definitely ascertained whether they 
 can be safely taken before receiving them for transportation, 
 the superintendent being conferred with in case of doubt. 
 
 136. Heavy articles; articles requiring more than one car. 
 
 Heavy articles and articles so long as to require two or 
 more platform cars for their transportation, must be so 
 loaded as to secure a proper distribution of the weight over 
 the trucks and avoid the endangering of the safety of the 
 

 56 RULES FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDAI^CE OF AGENTS. 
 
 cars. When the load is so phiced that the wei^^ht rests on 
 but one pair of the trucks of a car, such weight must not 
 exceed one-half the maximum carrying capacity of the car • 
 when resting on both pairs of trucks, the full capacity may 
 be allowed. Long timber, bridge iron, etc., occupying more 
 than one car. must in every case have suitable supporters 
 say SIX mches thick, placed underneath them, so that the 
 vveight may be properly distributed and curves rounded with 
 the least possible friction. 
 
 137. Articles on top of box or stock cars. 
 
 Articles should in no case be loaded on top of box or 
 stock cars, nor shipments so loaded accepted, without special 
 authority. 
 
 138. Lumber, posts, logs, bark, etc. 
 
 When lumber, posts, logs, bark, etc., are loaded on 
 platform cars, the shippers must furnish the necessary stakes 
 unless the cars are already so equipped, of good material,' 
 well htted to the stake irons, and securely bolted on and 
 brace the tops with strong strips of boards, securely nailed 
 on, or with heavy wire. 
 
 139. Agricultural Implements, etc. 
 
 The necessary racks and stakes for platform cars loaded 
 with agricultural implements, farm wagons, etc., must be 
 furnished by the shippers. The loads should be well secured 
 by iron rods passing over them and connecting the upper ends 
 of the stakes in such a way as to prevent spreading. Agents 
 will be governed by special instructions as to charging for the 
 transportation of the racks, and disposing of them after 
 shipments are unloaded, in case they are not taken by con- 
 signees. 
 
 140. Furnishing covers for carriages, etc. 
 
 When covers are required for carriages or other vehicles 
 they must be furnished by the shippers ; if loaded in open 
 or on platform cars, covers of cotton cloth must not be used 
 
 LOADING, HANDLING AND STOWING FREIGHT. 
 
 57 
 
 f 41. Cars loaded by shipp-rs or by other lines; cars over- 
 loaded, etc. 
 
 Agents must give cars loaded by shippers special atten- 
 tion to see that they are not overloaded, and that the lading 
 is so placed that the cars will pass safely over the road. The 
 excess lading of a car found to be dangerously loaded must 
 be transferred to another car, or the entire carload trans- 
 ferred to a car of sufficient capacity to safely carry it, if such 
 a car be available, before sending the shipment forward. 
 Transfers which are rendered necessary through any negli- 
 gence or fault on the part of shippers in loading, must be 
 made by them, or at the risk and expense of the shippers or 
 owners. (See paragraph 82) . All through cars coming from 
 connecting lines should be carefully examined at junction 
 points, and if found to be improperly or unsafely loaded, or 
 unfit to run, they should be refused, and not received until the 
 defect is remedied. • 
 
 142. Bulk freight. 
 
 Bulk freight should be loaded and unloaded directly into 
 and from the cars, unless otherwise directed, and not through 
 the freight house. (See paragraph 13). 
 
 143. Petroleum, etc. 
 
 A separate place, away from all other freight, and out- 
 side of the warehouse, if possible, should be provided for 
 the reception, loading and unloading of petroleum, naphtha, 
 benzine, benzole, gasoline, kerosene oil, and other articles of 
 a similar nature. Freight of this kind should be loaded and 
 unloaded during the daytime only, no lights being allowed 
 near the packages. (See paragraph 146). 
 
 144. Cotton or wool waste, rags, etc. 
 
 Cotton waste, wool waste, paper stock and rags should, 
 when -practicable, be handled at some place outside of the 
 warehouse, or loaded and unloaded directly into and from 
 the cars by shippers and consignees. (See paragraph 146). 
 

 I 
 
 i 
 
 I 
 
 58 RULES FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE OF AGENTS. 
 
 145. Gunpowder and other explosives and dangerous articles. 
 
 Gunpowder and other explosives may be received only 
 at such times and under such conditions as maybe prescribed 
 by the rules of the company. Lights must under no condi- 
 tions be allowed near packages containing such articles. The 
 nature of the contents of packages containing explosives or 
 dangerous articles, must be plainly marked thereon, and the 
 cars in which they are loaded must also bear corresponding 
 cards. 
 
 146. Combustible articles, explosives, etc , not to be held. 
 
 Highly combustible or dangerous articles, explosives, 
 etc., must be forwarded with the least possible delay and 
 consignees notified immediately upon arrival at destination 
 that the property must be at once removed. If such freight 
 is over, unclaimed, uncalled for or refused, or cannot for 
 any reason be promptly disposed of, the general freight 
 department should be advised. 
 
 147. Examining and checi<ing freight at time of loading. 
 
 Agents must see that all freight loaded by them, or 
 under their supervision, is carefully examined and checked 
 with the original shipping orders therefor at the time of load- 
 ing, and the date and time of loading, the result of checking, 
 the number and initials of the cars in which the property is 
 loaded, the car door or other fastenings,* the points to which 
 the cars are carded and the name or initials of the checker 
 entered on the shipping orders for future reference and in 
 order that they may contain the data necessary for use in 
 billing. Shipments coming from other lines, or goods trans- 
 ferred en route, should be checked with the billing under 
 which they are received. 
 
 * It may sometimes be impracticable to enter the car fasteninKS on the shipping- 
 orders, especially at large stations where the duty of sealing or otherwise fastening 
 the cars and the keeping of the necessary record is assigned to someone other than the 
 person under whose direct supervision the property is loaded. In such cases an excep- 
 tion is necessarily made to the above rule. 
 
 SEALING CARS. 
 
 148. Sealing cars at point of loading; at point of unloading. 
 
 Agents must see that car doors are closed and securely 
 fastened and sealed immediately upon the completion of 
 loading. If for any reason a cessation of loading is necessary 
 before the goods are all in the car, the doors should be 
 securely fastened and sealed until the loading can be resumed. 
 When seals are removed for the purpose of unloading freight, 
 the goods should be checked out without intermission, if pos- 
 sible ; if for any reason this cannot be done, the car doors 
 should be securely fastened and sealed until the unloading 
 can be resumed. The contents of cars arriving at destina- 
 tion with seals broken, defective or missing, should at once 
 be examined, and checked if practicable, and the cars resealed 
 if not immediately unloaded or if they are to be turned over 
 to the consignees for unloading. Cars containing bonded 
 freight must bear Customs locks or seals, which must be 
 placed thereon by Customs officers. (See Merchandise in 
 bond). 
 
 149. Conductors to see that cars are properly sealed, etc. 
 
 Conductors must see that the doors of loaded cars to go 
 from sealing stations are properly fastened and sealed before 
 moving them, and that loaded cars taken from non-sealing 
 stations, and any other cars containing freight and discovered 
 with seals broken, defective or missing, are sealed immedi- 
 ately upon arrival at the first sealing station at which a stop 
 is made, keeping a careful watch over the cars in the 
 meantime. 
 
 1 50. Removal of car door fastenings in transit. 
 
 When car door fastenings are broken or removed in tran- 
 sit for the purpose of unloading or transferring freight, repair- 
 ing the cars, or for any other reason, notations should be made 
 on the manifest by the agent or employe in charge, showing 
 the condition of the fastenings when so broken or removed, 
 
 69. 
 
6o RULES FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE OF AGENTS. 
 
 and also the fastenings when the property is again sent for- 
 ward. Customs fastenings placed on cars containing bonded 
 freight may be removed by Customs officers only. (See 
 Merchandise in bond). 
 
 151. At junction points or the end of freight runs. 
 
 At junction points and the end of freight runs all cars 
 should be carefully inspected, and the contents of any cars 
 found with seals broken, defective or missing, examined, and 
 checked if practicable, and the cars resealed if destined 
 beyond or not immediately unloaded. 
 
 152. Record to be l<ept. 
 
 Agents must keep a record of the car door or other fasten- 
 mgs of all cars forwarded from or received at their stations, and 
 of cars in way trains into or from which freight is loaded or 
 unloaded, showing whether sealed, whether locked or cleated, 
 etc. A full and complete record must also be kept of the 
 seahng and car door fastenings of transitory cars or cars 
 discovered with seals broken, defective or missing, and cars 
 sealed awaiting the completion of loading or unloading. Con- 
 ductors' records and reports must show the car door fasten- 
 ings of all loaded cars hauled in their trains— when taken on, 
 during the trip, and when left. Seal records should show the 
 kind of seals on both sides of the car, the marks or impressions 
 which they bear, if any, and any defects or omissions found 
 to exist ; the fastenings of windows, end doors or hatches, 
 which must always be properly secured, must also be noted. 
 When any discrepancy as to the contents or the con- 
 dition of the contents of cars exists, or when the seals are in 
 any way defective, or impressions thereon illegible, the seals 
 should be attached to a tag, giving the date and number of 
 the manifest, station from, number and initials of the car and 
 date received, etc., and carefully preserved, and the facts 
 reported to the superintendent and the general freight depart- 
 ment. All other seals removed from cars, unless of such a 
 
 CARDING CARS. 
 
 6i 
 
 kind as to be destroyed in removing, should be preserved, 
 and disposed of as directed by the superintendent. Agents 
 or yardmasters delivering cars to conductors, and conduc- 
 tors delivering cars to agents or yardmasters, should take 
 their receipts therefor in their books, which should show the 
 seals or other fastenings of the cars when thus delivered. 
 
 153. Care of seaiing tools and seals. 
 
 The greatest care must be exercised to see that sealing 
 tools are kept in proper condition, that good, legible impres- 
 sions are obtained on seals, and that the sealing apparatus or 
 seals are not lost or stolen or allowed to get into the hands of 
 parties not authorized to use them or have them in their 
 custody. 
 
 CARDING CARS. 
 
 154. Cars to be carded at commencement of loading. Empty 
 
 Cars. 
 
 All cars at the commencement of loading should be 
 legibly carded, on both sides, with properly routed cards, 
 showing the date, car number and initials, where from, where 
 to, and the contents. When cars are destined to points 
 reached via two or more routes, the carding must show the 
 particular route by which the cars are to be forwarded. 
 When freight is loaded in way cars, it must be seen that the 
 carding covers the stations to which the goods are destined. 
 Empty cars must also be properly carded when they are to be 
 forwarded to other points. 
 
 n 
 
 I 55. Perishable or " Time " freight. 
 
 Perishable or '* Time" freight cards should be used when 
 cars contain perishable property or freight which it is 
 important should be sent forward with the greatest possible 
 despatch. When practicable, the carding of cars containing 
 such freight should give the names of consignees and ulti- 
 mate destination of the shipments. 
 
I 
 
 62 RULES FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE OF AGENTS. 
 
 156. Explosives, etc. 
 
 Special, large-sized cards should be used for cars con- 
 taining powder or other explosives, or dangerous articles, 
 showing the nature of the goods. 
 
 167. Point to which cars should be carded. 
 
 Cars should be carded to destination when practicable, 
 but must in no case be carded beyond the station to which 
 the freight is manifested or to which they are to go. When 
 cars are forwarded on slip manifests, they should be carded 
 to the point to which they are slipped. Cars containing 
 freight loaded to transfer points for distribution should be 
 carded and slipped to such points. Cars containing ship- 
 ments billed to two or more points and which are to be sent 
 to such points and left for unloading, and not loaded for trans- 
 fer en route, should be carded and slipped to the point where 
 the first shipment is to be unloaded, with notations showing 
 the other points for which they contain freight. When freight 
 is loaded in way cars, it must be seen that the carding covers 
 the stations to which the shipments are to go. Manifests 
 should show the points to which cars are carded. 
 
 158. Cars transferred en route. 
 
 When carload shipments are transferred en route between 
 the stations from and to which a car has been carded, 
 the cards should also be transferred, notations being made 
 thereon showing the transfer and the number and initials 
 of the car into which the freight is reloaded ; or new cards 
 made showing the original car number and initials and the 
 number and initials of the car to which the transfer is made. 
 
 159. Old cards to be removed. 
 
 The cards used in forwarding cars should be immediately 
 removed upon the completion of unloading, or at the time 
 of recarding, when cars are destined beyond the point to 
 
 WEIGHING FREIGHT. 
 
 63 
 
 which they have been carded. In case any discrepan- 
 cies or errors are discovered as to the routing, forwarding or 
 carding of cars, the cards should be carefully preserved for 
 future reference, and the facts reported. 
 
 WEIGHING FREIGHT. 
 
 160. Less carload shipments. 
 
 The correct weight of articles or packages comprised in 
 less than carload shipments must be ascertained by actually 
 weighing them, or one or more of each lot when there are a 
 number of the same kind and size (and the property billed 
 in accordance therewith), unless it is provided that estimated 
 or minimum weights shall apply, or that the freight shall be 
 taken by measurement or at so much per article or package. 
 
 161. Carload shipments, c -^200. 
 
 All carload shipments from stations having track scales 
 should be weighed before being sent forward, and billed in 
 accordance with the actual weight, subject to the prescribed 
 minimums, unless it is provided that an estimated weight 
 shall apply, or that the freight shall be taken by measure- 
 ment or at so much per article or package, or per car, regard- 
 less of weight, the notation ''Weighed at station" 
 
 (giving the name of the station) being made on both slip and 
 regular manifests. If it should not be practicable to weigh 
 carload freight loaded by shippers, such as grain, lumber, etc., 
 by reason of the lack of proper weighing facilities, agents 
 should require the shippers to furnish a statement showing 
 the kind of lumber and number of feet, or kind of grain and 
 number of bushels, etc.. with which the cars are loaded, and 
 the weight must then be computed in accordance with the 
 established standard or estimated weights provided for use 
 in such cases, subject to the prescribed minimums, care 
 being taken to examine the cars to see that the contents are 
 
M ' 
 
 64 RULES FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE OF AGENTS. 
 
 properly reported.-" If, in the judgment of the agent the 
 quantity has been wrongly reported or the freight improperly 
 described, he must make such corrections as may be deemed 
 necessary, being careful not to under-estimate the quantity. 
 (See paragraph 162). 
 
 162. Weighing in transit. *«rAaE2oo 
 
 When carload shipments are not weighed at the for- 
 warding station, notations must be made on slip and regular 
 manifests directing that the cars be weighed at the first 
 weighing station, if any, that they reach, unless otherwise 
 
 directed, thus: -To be weighed at ," naming the 
 
 station. When such shipments are weighed, the agent or 
 weighmaster must make notations on the manifests or attach 
 certificates showing the weighing station, date, and gross, tare, 
 and net weights ; it should also be shown how the tare is 
 arrived at -whether it is actual, estimated or marked. Should 
 there be ice or snow on the cars, or bedding in stock cars,' at 
 the time of weighing, due allowance should be made therefor 
 and shown separately in giving memoranda of weights. A 
 duplicate statement of weighing should also be sent to the 
 receiving agent by train mail. If for any reason a car cannot 
 be weighed at the station designated, the agent or weigh- 
 master should make a notation on the manifest directing that it 
 be weighed at the next weighing station, unless such station is 
 beyond the point to which the car is to be forwarded, and 
 report to the superintendent or proper officer of the company 
 giving a full explanation of the case. Agents and weigh- 
 masters must keep an accurate record of all cars and freight 
 weighed by them. 
 
 ^no^yV]tZZl'l^^^^ ''^'''^' '' '^"^''^ ^^ '''^ «^'P'^^ «"'^ ♦he number of packages is 
 known, it is usually an easy matter to determine the weiirht in th^ ok. »'"*^'^"»*^» •» 
 
 scales, by we.Khin. ..vera, of the paek„.«. or sUar pX ". on^h^^„;^;pTa? 
 form scales with which stations are usually provided or on the J«l« ,.f^L T* ^ 
 The weight Of lumber, «raln, etc.. may bi approxl JteK dt'ermt^d b ^.t'T^ 
 measurement of the Property as found 1., the ear and he a elTe'eth, T " 
 or cubic foot, or the weight per bushel, etc., and fl«urm« on thTt Lis " "^^ "'""" 
 
 WEIGHING FREIGHT. 
 
 65 
 
 163. Freight for prepaid stations. 
 
 In forwarding carload shipments from stations having 
 no track scales to prepaid stations (stations having no freight 
 agents), the actual quantity should be ascertained as nearly 
 as possible and charges collected accordingly. If the prop- 
 erty is to pass a weighing station, a deposit sufficient to 
 cover any undercharge which may be found to exist should 
 be required from the shipper, and the notation -To be 
 
 weighed at and a statement of weights returned to agent 
 
 ^* -; by first train" made on the manifests. Upon 
 
 receipt of the weighing statement, the forwarding agent 
 should correct his records in accordance therewith, issuing 
 the necessary correction notices. 
 
 164. Freight coming from connecting lines. 
 
 Carload shipments coming from connecting lines should 
 be weighed at junction stations, when practicable, or the 
 necessary weighing notations made, the same as though the 
 freight originated on the company's own line, unless they are 
 accompanied by weighers' certificates or the manifests indi- 
 cate that the property has been weighed and the actual 
 weight given, corrections being made in case of undercharge. 
 Care should also be exercised to see that less than carload 
 shipments are not underbilled in weight, the weights being 
 verified in case of doubt. 
 
 166. Manifests to be examined. 
 
 All manifests and slip manifests for carload shipments 
 should be carefully examined by. conductors, and if no weigh- 
 ing statement or other evidence that the cars have been 
 weighed appears thereon, the matter should be brought to 
 the attention of the agent or weighmaster at the next weigh- 
 ing station, who should see that the cars are weighed and the 
 weights reported the same as though originally manifested 
 '♦ To be weighed." A special report should also be made to 
 the general freight department by the agent or weighmaster, 
 
66 RULES FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE OF AGENTS. 
 
 calling attention to the omission of the proper weighing 
 notations by the billing agent. Upon arrival at weighing 
 stations, conductors should furnish agents or weighmasters 
 with a list of the cars to be weighed, and with the other 
 trainmen render the necessary assistance in weighing. Any 
 failure to comply with this rule should be reported to the 
 superintendent. 
 
 166. Weighing at destination. 
 
 Agents receiving shipments which the manifests indicate 
 have not been weighed at point of shipment or in transit, 
 must see that they are weighed, if facilities for weighing 
 are provided, and that any corrections which are neces- 
 sary are made. If there are no facilities for weighing, 
 the agent should examine the freight, ascertain the quantity 
 as nearly as possible, and make the necessary corrections, if 
 in his judgment the shipments have been underbilled. Receiv- 
 ing agents should report to the superintendent any failure to 
 weigh at the proper station shipments which should have 
 been weighed, or which have not been weighed in accordance 
 with weighing instructions. 
 
 CORRECTING WEIGHTS. 
 
 167. Correcting weights. 
 
 When shipments are weighed in transit, or at destina- 
 tion, agents should assess charges in accordance with scale 
 weights, subject to the prescribed minimums, in case of 
 underbilling, the necessary correction notices being issued ; 
 when two or more sets of scale weights are shown, the 
 highest should be used. In the absence of specific instruc- 
 tions, charges should be collected in accordance with billed 
 weights, subject to the prescribed minimums, unless the 
 scale weights be greater, except where shipments are billed 
 with instructions to weigh or where there is an unqucstionabU 
 overcharge. Where shipments have apparently been billed 
 at the actual weight at point of shipment, or at a weight fur- 
 
 MANIFESTING FREIGHT. 
 
 6/ 
 
 nished by the shippers or by connecting lines, the weight 
 should not be reduced without obtaining authority from the 
 billing or forwarding agent. Where there is an apparent 
 error m scale weights, the agent or weighmaster who seems 
 to be at fault should at once be advised and instructions as 
 to making corrections asked for. The weights on which 
 charges are collected should be entered on expense bills. 
 (See paragraph 214). 
 
 MANIFESTING FREIGHT. 
 
 1 68. Separate manifests to be made for different stations and 
 for each loaded car. 
 
 Separate manifests must be made for shipments destined 
 to different stations, and for the contents of each loaded car, 
 except when special permission is given to agents to the con- 
 trary, or where articles are of such a length as to require two 
 or more cars for their transportation. 
 
 169. Nofrelghtto be forwarded without manifests. Slip man- 
 ifests.* 
 
 Freight should in no case be forwarded without mani- 
 fests. When the regular manifests are sent forward by 
 passenger train, slip manifests must accompany the cars. 
 Where slip manifests, are used, the notation, *' Slip-billed," 
 should be made on the regular manifests, and the slip mani- 
 fests carefully preserved and filed away for future reference 
 on arrival at destination or the point to which they are made, 
 after having been compared with the regular manifests in 
 order that transfers, weights, etc., maybe noted, and any 
 necessary corrections made. If practicable, they should be 
 attached t o the corresponding regular manifests and filed 
 
 i..J7^^ ^""""'l^^' ^^'""^ constitute the authority of conductors for taking cars 
 forward where the regular manifests do not accompany them, but are ?oiwart^ 
 under cover dim.t to the station to which they are destined, and which are virions!^ 
 designated as "Slip manifests," "Slip way-bills," "Slip bills," "Running slips ""cir 
 tmiy^T^ manifests^" "Conductors' cards," "Car ticiets," "Con^duXv way- 
 bils, and sometimes " Memorandum way-bills," or " Memorandum bills," are for the 
 sake of uniformity, in this work termed " Slip manifests. " 
 
r 
 
 r 
 
 68 
 
 RULES FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE OF AGENTS. 
 
 MANIFESTING FREIGHT. 
 
 69 
 
 f; 
 
 with them. Slip manifests should be made to the same 
 point to which the cars are carded, and via the same route, 
 and in every case give the forwarding point and date, num- 
 ber and initials of car, contents, name of consignee, and 
 ultimate destination ; and they must agree with the reenlar 
 manifests in all the particulars shown. Any special or 
 necessary directions relative to weighing, icing, grading, 
 delivery, etc., must appear on the slip as well as the regular 
 manifests. Slip manifests should cover one car only ; where 
 two or more cars are covered by the regular manifest, a 
 separate slip should be made for each car. Slip manifests 
 may be used only when their use has been authorized. 
 
 170. ManifestingZauthority. 
 
 Manifests must be made directly from, and strictly in 
 accordance with, the original shipping orders or forwarding 
 authority, which should give all the particulars of consign- 
 ment, and show the numbers and initials of the cars 
 into which the property has been loaded, the record of 
 checking into such cars, the point to which the cars are 
 carded, etc. 
 
 171. Freight from other lines. 
 
 When freight coming from other lines is rebilled, the 
 manifests must be made strictly in accordance with the 
 transfer manifests as to consignee, destination, routing, etc., 
 (unless changes are authorized by such lines — see para- 
 graphs 71 and 172), and should in all cases show the line 
 from which the property is received, and, when practicable, 
 give the original point of shipment and reference to the 
 original or connecting line's billing. (See paragraph 194). 
 
 172. Discrepancies between billing and marking, etc. 
 
 When the billing for freight coming from, or destined 
 to, other lines does not agree with the goods, or with the 
 marking as to consignee, route, destination, or other partic- 
 ulars, authority should be obtained from the billing agent or 
 
 from the line offering the freight, for any necessary correc- 
 tions before sending the property forward. If the freight is 
 perishable, the general freight department should also be 
 advised by wire, unless the matter can be immediately 
 adjusted without recourse to such action.* 
 
 173. Particulars to be given in manifests. "Part lots." 
 
 All the particulars called for by the forms used must be 
 given in making manifests, and also any special directions as 
 to route, in whose care, whom to notify of arrival, icing, 
 grading or not grading, stopping off, delivery, etc., which 
 may appear in shipping orders or in the billing from other 
 lines, or which may be necessary to insure the safe and 
 proper carriage of the property to destination and its delivery 
 to the parties for whom it is intended. Where freight— por- 
 tions of one consignment — is billed on two or more mani- 
 fests, each manifest should give reference to billing for the 
 balance of the consignment. In case it is necessary that 
 lots of two or more cars be kept together, notations should 
 be made on the manifests for each car accordingly. 
 
 I 74. Numbering. 
 
 Manifests should be numbered in consecutive order, in 
 monthly series, beginning at the commencement of each 
 month with No. i, and thereafter advancing one number for 
 each manifest made, the duplication or omission of numbers 
 being carefully avoided. "Line" bills should be numbered 
 in a separate series for each fast freight line. 
 
 175. Dating. 
 
 Manifests should be dated in accordance with the actual 
 date on which shipments are forwarded, the current date 
 being used in billing all freight which is to go forward by 
 trains leaving before midnight. 
 
 ♦ If it is merely a question of routingr and the f reigrht is of such a nature that it 
 cannot safely be held for instructions, it should be sent on in accordance with marks, 
 if practicable to so forward . 
 
70 RULES FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE OF AGENTS. 
 
 176. Billing and receiving station to be shown. Routing. 
 Through billing. Stations having no freight agents. 
 
 Manifests must show the billing station and the point to 
 which they are made, and the route, if the property is con- 
 signed via any particular route, or billed to a point on or via 
 a connecting line, or reached via more than one route. 
 Shipments for points on or via connecting lines must be 
 manifested to the junction point only, unless through billing 
 shall have been authorized. Simply the advice of through 
 rates must not be considered authority for through billing. 
 When through manifests are made, they must show the junc- 
 tion point at which delivery is made to the connecting line. 
 Where through rates are used, it must be seen that the rout- 
 ing does not conflict therewith. Shipments destined to 
 stations having no freight agents should, unless otherwise 
 directed, be billed (charges prepaid) to the first regular freight 
 station beyond, the proper destination of the freight being 
 shown and a notation made to " Stop off." Shipments from 
 stations having no freight agents should be billed from the 
 first regular freight station opposite the direction in which 
 they are to go, or from the nearest regular freight station, as 
 may be directed by special instructions, the point of loading 
 being in every case shown. (See paragraph 351). 
 
 177. Numbers and initials of cars. Platform cars. 
 
 The numbers and initials of the car in which freight is 
 forwarded, must in every case be entered on manifests. The 
 initials must be given in full. Line initials should be given 
 for line cars, as well as the road initials, if any. When a 
 letter or cipher follows or precedes the number of a car, as. 
 for example, 2234A, B4567, or 03650, the letter or cipher 
 should be written as a part of the number. When the cars 
 used are platform cars, the manifests must so specify. Car 
 numbers and initials must be entered on manifests for freight 
 held for loading in passing trains before the departure of 
 such trains from the station, and must also be entered on the 
 station records. 
 
 MANIFESTING FREIGHT. 
 
 71 
 
 178. Transferred shipments. 
 
 Manifests for carload freight should in every case, when 
 the freight has been transferred from another car, show the 
 number and initials of the car from which the freight was 
 thus transferred, and any previous transfers. This will also 
 apply to the excess lading removed, in transit, from cars 
 loaded beyond their safe carrying capacity. It is of the 
 utmost importance that the numbers and initials of the cars 
 in which shipments were originally loaded be shown by the 
 manifests, thus enabling agents, trainmen and consignees to 
 identify consignments. When slip manifests are used, they, 
 also, should show the original car numbers and initials. 
 
 179. "Weight and charges ahead.'* "Property ahead." 
 "Weight and charges to follow." 
 
 In billing freight ''Weight and charges ahead," reference 
 should be given to the original billing ; the proper reference 
 must also be given in bilHng "Property ahead." Shipments 
 should not, when avoidable, be billed ♦♦ Weight and charges 
 to follow." When absolutely necessary to so forward, agents 
 should see that proper billing is furnished as quickly as 
 possible. (See paragraph 92). 
 
 180. Carding notations. Car door or other fastenings. 
 
 Manifests should show the points to which cars are 
 carded, and when necessary, or required by special instruc- 
 tions, the car door or other fastenings. 
 
 181. Giving particulars as to consignor, consignee, destina- 
 tion, routing, delivery, marks, etc. 
 
 Manifests must give the names of consignors and 
 consignees, and the destination of shipments in full, 
 including the name of the State or Territory, and any 
 distinguishing marks or brands the property may bear. 
 When there are two or more places of the same name 
 in the same State or Territory, the county must be 
 given. Where freight is destined to points not railroad 
 stations, or at which delivery cannot be made by the 
 
i 
 
 
 72 
 
 RULES FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE OF AGENTS. 
 
 railroad company, owing to the lack of proper facilities, the 
 manifest should show the point at which railroad delivery is 
 to be made, route, etc., as well as the address of the con- 
 signee. Consignors should be required to furnish the infor- 
 mation necessary to insure the proper forwarding of ship- 
 ments. When the address of a party to be notified of the 
 arrival of a shipment is different from the destination of the 
 freight, the manifest must state distinctly the point at which 
 delivery of the freight is to be made, as well as the address 
 to which the notice is to be sent. If a street and number 
 are given as part of an address, they must invariably 
 appear on the manifest. In giving particulars of consign- 
 ment, the use of such contractions as %. for "Order of," 
 %. for " Care of," %. for " Shipper's order," etc., should be 
 avoided. The correction of shipping orders should be 
 required when such contractions are used therein. 
 
 tt 
 
 182. Order" shipments. 
 
 Manifests for "Order" shipments should give the name 
 and full address of the party to be notified of arrival at desti- 
 nation, in order that prompt delivery may be secured. If for 
 any reason such shipments are manifested without full 
 instructions as to delivery or whom to notify, the forwarding 
 agent should give the matter special attention, and see that 
 the necessary information is obtained with the least possible 
 delay, and advise the agent at destination, and the auditor, 
 by wire, sending the regular correction notices by mail in the 
 usual way. The notation, "This freight must not be deliv- 
 ered without the surrender of the original bill of lading, 
 properly indorsed," should be made on all slip, transfer or 
 regular manifests for ' ' Order ' ' shipments. 
 
 183. Describing freight. Use of abbreviations. 
 
 The terms used in the classification should be adhered 
 to as closely as possible in describing the various articles 
 comprised in shipments, so that it may be known from an 
 
 MANIFESTING FREIGHT. 
 
 73 
 
 examination of the manifests what rates should apply. Such 
 terms as "Mdse.," "Merchandise," "Sundries," "Fancy 
 goods," "Wood in shape," etc., should not be used. When 
 packages contain more than one kind of goods, the names of 
 the leading articles should be given, if impracticable to give 
 all. When a shipment consists of a variety of articles or 
 packages, the various items must be enumerated, and the 
 freight not billed simply as a "Lot." Special attention 
 should be given to shipments of household goods and furni- 
 ture, the various articles being specified in every case, unless 
 a car be chartered by the shipper. In billing bundles con- 
 sisting of two or more articles tied or wired together, or 
 crates containing two or more articles, such as castings, 
 wheels, etc., the manifests should show how many articles 
 are comprised in the bundles or crates, when practicable 
 and when indicated by shipping orders. When freight is in 
 bulk, manifests must so specify. Such abbreviations only as 
 are generally recognized and well understood should be used 
 in billing. Abbreviations should not be used in describing 
 freight ; the names of the articles should be written in full. 
 
 184. Grain. 
 
 Manifests for grain must specify the kind of grain, as 
 wheat, oats, barley, etc. ; a shipment should never be billed 
 simply as " Grain." When grain is destined to points where 
 elevators have been established for its reception and deliv- 
 ery, the manifests niust indicate whether elevator or track 
 delivery is to be made, and when destined to points where 
 grain is allowed by grade, whether or not it is to be graded. 
 (See paragraph 20, e). 
 
 185. Lumber anc^ coal. 
 
 Manifests for lumber must specify the kind of lumber, 
 as hemlock, oak, white pine, etc. ; and for coal, the kind of 
 coal, as anthracite, bituminous, etc. 
 
74 RULES FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE OF AGENTS. 
 
 186. 
 
 Released/' "Owner's risk," Agreed valuation, "Ship- 
 per's tally," etc. 
 
 When property is *♦ Released," or carried at ''Owner's 
 risk," at an agreed valuation, at ''Shipper's tally," or at 
 ••Shipper's weight and tally," etc., notations must be made 
 on manifests accordingly, nothing affecting the rates or the 
 conditions under which the freight is carried being omitted. 
 
 187. Charges guaranteed. 
 
 When charges are guaranteed, notations to that effect 
 must be made on manifests.* 
 
 188. Perishable freight. 
 
 When freight is of a perishable nature, the notation, 
 *• Perishable property," must be made on the inside and out- 
 side of manifests. 
 
 189. Exceptions as to quantity or condition of freight. 
 
 Any exceptions which exist as to the quantity or condi- 
 tion of freight must be shown by the manifests therefor. In 
 rebilling shipments coming from other lines, in case of short- 
 age, charges should be assessed in accordance with the 
 weight or quantity as shown by the billing under which the 
 property is received, and notafions made showing the 
 shortage. 
 
 I90. Freight short between time of receipt and loading. 
 
 When a portion of a shipment checks short between the 
 time of its receipt and loading, or at the time of loading, the 
 quantity actually loaded and forwarded should be manifested, 
 the shortage being treated as apparent only, in billing. The 
 shortage, however, must be reported to the general freight 
 department and every effort made to find the missing 
 
 *Theu8ual notation is^Charsres guaranteed;" the rules of some roads require 
 that the name of the guarantor be given. 
 
 MANIFESTING FREIGHT. 
 
 75 
 
 property. If found, it must be seen that it is forwarded to 
 destination, and billing furnished therefor, showing the 
 proper amount of charges. * 
 
 191. Weights. Kind or size of cars used. 
 
 All freight must, when practicable, be billed at the 
 actual gross weight, subject to the prescribed minimums, 
 except where the classification specifies that an estimated 
 weight shall apply, or when shipments are taken by measure- 
 ment, or at so much per article or per package, or per car, 
 regardless of weight, or at an estimated weight, under existing 
 arrangements. Where the weight shown is that furnished 
 by the shipper, or an estimated or minimum weight, it 
 should be so specified. (See paragraphs 160-167, also 186). 
 When a shipment consists of different classes of freight (not 
 covered by the same rate), the weight and rate applicable to 
 each class must be shown separately. The kind, size or 
 carrying capacity of cars should be given when the rate, or 
 the minimum weight to be charged for, is affected thereby. 
 The weight at which shipments are billed should in every 
 case be entered on the shipping order or station records, it 
 being shown whether the weight is that furnished by the 
 shipper or by a connecting line, an estimated or minimum 
 weight, or a weight arrived at by actually weighing the 
 property. 
 
 * Cases of this kind are sometimes otherwise treated. A prominent Sovfthwc stern 
 line directs its agents as follows : 
 
 " When a shortage appears between date of receipt of property and loading of 
 same at forwarding station, a special report of the fact must be made to the general 
 freight agent, and the missing packages must be way-bi.led without extending weight 
 and charges as though loaded and forwarded, with the explanation, 'Property 
 checked short in loading.' " 
 
 " Agent at destination will, upon receipt of such way-bill, check property over 
 carefully to determine whether shortage is actual or only apparent. If actual, he will 
 then forward the usual short report to both forwarding agent and general freight 
 a^nt.'^ 
 
 " If property is found, it will be delivered upon payment of charges, and a report 
 of the fact must be made to the general freight agent, as short freight received ; if not 
 found, the delivering agent will not include the missing property in the receipt or 
 expense bill, but will consider the shortage as only apparent, occasioned through mis- 
 take at shipping point in receipting for property not actually delivered by shipper. If 
 consignee insists upon making claim for such goods, require the verification of the 
 shortage by his invoice or bills of purchase." 
 
 * I 
 
I!'' 
 
 ^6 RULES FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE OF AGENTS. 
 
 102. Rates. 
 
 All freight must be billed strictly in accordance with the 
 established classification and tariff, unless otherwise author- 
 ized by the general freight department. A greater amount 
 should in no case be charged for the transportation of any 
 shipment than would be charged for a larger quantity, ship- 
 ped under similar conditions. 
 
 Where no rates are provided for stations having no 
 agents, shipments from such points should be billed at the 
 rates in force from the first regular station opposite the 
 direction in which they are to go ; and shipments for such 
 stations at the rates in force to the first regular station 
 beyond. 
 
 Where a shipment billed under a through rate is divided 
 in transit, as in the case of the removal of a part of the 
 lading of a car to another car, the charges should be the 
 same as though the shipment had gone through intact, unless 
 otherwise directed ; and if the weight and charges are all 
 covered by one manifest, the billing for the balance of the 
 lot should give reference thereto, thus: ''Part lot; weight 
 
 and charges covered by manifest. No. , car ," etc. 
 
 Reference ^to the billing for the ''Part lot" should also be 
 noted on the manifest covering the weight and charges. 
 
 193. Authority for rates to be given. 
 
 » 
 
 Rates must invariably be noted on manifests, with the 
 authority therefor. When in accordance with tariff, the 
 number of the tariff should be shown, and when a special 
 rate is used the number of the special rate order should be 
 given or a reference made to the letter or telegram authoriz- 
 ing the rate. Manifests for shipments forwarded free, must 
 show why free. 
 
 194. Through rates and divisions. ^200. 
 
 When through rates are used to or from points on other 
 lines, the route, the points between which the rates apply, 
 
 MANIFESTING FREIGHT. 
 
 77 
 
 and the divisions of such rates must be shown, whether the 
 property is billed through or not. When through manifests 
 are made, the proportions accruing to each road must be 
 shown, as well as the divisions. Arbitraries, bridge tolls, 
 lighterage or transfer charges, etc., to be deducted from 
 through rates before prorating, should always be shown 
 separately on manifests in giving the divisions of the rate. 
 Arbitraries, etc., which are not to be deducted before pro- 
 rating, if entered on manifests, should also be shown sepa- 
 rately. 
 
 195. Freight reshipped or returned. " Astray freight.**; 
 
 Freight which has been manifested as marked or con- 
 signed must not be considered as manifested in error, even 
 though it may not be wanted at the station to which it has 
 been sent, and if ordered returned or sent to another point 
 it should be manifested at the current tariff rate, unless 
 otherwise authorized, the original charges, if any, being 
 added as advanced charges if they are to follow the property. 
 (See paragraphs 279-282). 
 
 The returning or forwarding of ** Astray freight," or 
 freight sent to a wrong destination through an error of the 
 company' s agents or of connecting lines will be in accordance 
 with special instructions. 
 
 196. • Prepaid shipments. 
 
 In billing prepaid shipments especial care should be 
 exercised to see that they are correctly described as to the 
 kind of freight, quantity, etc. ; that the proper amount 
 of charges is assessed ; and that the advanced charges, if 
 any, the local or line charges, the total amount of charges 
 and the amount prepaid, are entered on the manifests in the 
 proper columns and accounted for as directed by the auditor. 
 The word "Prepaid" should be written over the amount 
 entered in the prepaid column. When it is desired to prepay 
 charges through to any point to which through rates are not 
 
IT 
 
 78 RULES FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE OF AGENTS. 
 
 in force, or when such prepayment is required, the agent 
 should apply to the general freight department for informa- 
 tion as to rates and manifest in accordance with the instruc- 
 tions received. (See paragraph 39).* 
 
 197. Computations and footings. Advanced charges. 
 
 Care must be exercised to avoid errors in computations 
 and to see that the various items are entered in the proper 
 columns and that the footings are correctly shown. When 
 shipments are billed subject to advanced charges, such 
 charges must be given in detail, so that they may be readily 
 understood by terminal agents and consignees. When large 
 consignments, received from boats, etc., are forwarded sub- 
 ject to advanced charges, each carload should be charged 
 with its proper proportion of such charges, the total amount 
 not being billed on one carload. 
 
 198. Cooperage, icing, demurrage, storage, transfer or cart- 
 age charges, etc. Charges accruing in transit. 
 
 Cooperage, icing, demurrage, storage, transfer or cart- 
 age charges, or other items other than ordinary transporta- 
 tion charges, and which are to be charged against the 
 property, should be entered on manifests as "Advanced 
 charges," or "Expenses," and notations made showing what 
 the charges are for and the point at which they have accrued, 
 and, if at a junction point or a point on another line, the 
 road by which the service was performed or on which the 
 expense was incurred. If such charges accrue between the 
 billing point and the point to which the property has been 
 manifested , a separate manifest should be made therefor 
 
 * If a through rate cannot be arranged for, as is sometimes the case where there is 
 a cartage or transfer charge which cannot be guaranteed or determined until the 
 shipment reaches the transfer point, the deposit of a sufficient amount to cover all ' 
 probable charges, and the execution of a satisfactory guarantee to make good any 
 additional amount which may be required, should be secured, the freight billed pre- 
 paid as far as possible, and the notation, " Prepay and bill back for amount of charges 
 
 from ^^ — to " (giving the names of the stations) made on the manifest. 
 
 Agents, however, should not so receive and manifest shipments without proner 
 authority. *^ *^ 
 
 MANIFESTING FREIGHT. 
 
 79 
 
 from the station at which they accrue to the destination of 
 the freight, or to the proper junction point if going to 
 another line,* and the agent at the station on which the 
 special manifest is made, (who should see that the additional 
 amount is collected from the consignee or billed on the con- 
 necting line, as the case may require), advised by wire, if 
 necessary, t When special manifests are thus made, they 
 should give full reference to the original manifest ; if the 
 regular manifest is not at hand, reference should be given to 
 the slip manifest accompanying the freight. Reference to 
 the special manifest should also be entered on the original 
 manifest, or, in its absence, on the slip manifest, the addi- 
 tional amount to be collected being shown. Switching, 
 storage, demurrage, or other charges accruing at the final 
 destination of shipments should be accounted for in accord- 
 ance with special instructions. 
 
 199. Manifests made void. " Corrected" manifests. 
 
 When a manifest which has gone forward is canceled 
 and another bill made, the new manifest should bear a new 
 number and give full reference to the original billing and the 
 correction notice making it void. (See paragraph 215). 
 ** Corrected" manifests should not be made without special 
 authority. 
 
 200. Notations. 
 
 Agents should date and sign any notations* made by 
 them on manifests or other papers passing through their 
 hands, writing their names and the names of their stations 
 in full. 
 
 201. Revision of manifests. Filing shipping orders. 
 
 Manifests should in all cases be examined and compared 
 with the shipping orders or forwarding authority by the for- 
 
 ♦The making of these special manifests through to points on other lines is 
 sometimes allowed where through billing arrangements are in force and the freight is 
 so manifested and the original manifests provide for the collection of the additional 
 charges. 
 
 + Advice should invariably be given by wire, where the original manifests have 
 already gone forward. 
 
If 
 
 80 RULES FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE OF AGENTS. 
 
 warding agent before they leave his station, to see that they 
 are correct as to the particulars of consignment, route, rate, 
 divisions, computations, footings, etc., and any necessary 
 revision made. If it should be impossible to do this, the 
 copies retained should be examined before the close of the 
 day's business, and correction notices sent to the auditor 
 and any agents interested, in case any errors have been 
 made. When shipments are billed through to a point on 
 another line, a copy of the correction notice should be sent 
 to the agent at the point to which the manifest is made, as 
 well as the agent at the junction point where delivery is made 
 to the connecting line, and to any others to whom copies 
 of the manifest have been sent. In case corrections increas- 
 ing the amount to be collected from consignees or from a 
 connecting line are necessary, the forwarding agent should 
 at once wire the requisite instructions, the regular correction 
 notices being issued in the usual course, if the correction can 
 be made and the additional amount collected. (See para- 
 graphs 222 and 223). Shipping orders must be filed away, in 
 accordance with paragraph 71, after the manifests have been 
 made and compared therewith. Each day's orders should 
 be fastened together, and the orders for each month tied up 
 in a package and properly labeled. 
 
 202. Copies of manifests. Dupiicate manifests. 
 
 « 
 
 Tissue or written copies of all manifests made must be 
 promptly sent to the auditor. Copies must also be sent to 
 agents at junction points, and to the auditor of each road 
 over which the freight passes, when shipments are billed 
 through to points on other roads, unless otherwise directed. 
 The car numbers and initials must be written in impression 
 copy-books, and on the impression copies sent to the auditor 
 or others, if not entered on the original manifests before the 
 impressions are taken. The car numbers and initials should 
 also be entered on the station records. Copies of manifests 
 must be marked "Copy." This does not apply to tissue 
 
 TRANSMISSION OF MANIFESTS, ETC. 
 
 81 
 
 impressions of original manifests. Duplicate manifests 
 must be promptly furnished by agents in case the original 
 manifests fail to reach destination, and must be marked 
 *' Duplicate." Agents writing copies of manifests, or making 
 duplicate manifests, must use extreme care to make them in 
 all respects true copies of the originals. 
 
 I 
 
 203. TRANSMISSION OF MANIFESTS. AVOIDANCE OF ERRORS IN FOR- 
 WARDING CARS. RECORD TO BE KEPT OF CARS IN TRANSIT, 
 ETC. 
 
 The following rules should be observed by conductors, 
 agents, yardmasters, and others interested, in order that 
 uniformity and certainty in the transmission of manifests may 
 be secured, errors in forwarding cars or freight avoided, and 
 a proper record kept of cars in transit : 
 
 Freight must not be forwarded unless accompanied by 
 proper manifests. In case the regular manifests are for- 
 warded by passenger train, they must be sent in time to 
 reach destination, or if going to a connecting line, the junc- 
 tion point at which delivery is to be made to such line, as 
 soon as or in advance of the freight, and slip manifests must 
 accompany the cars, as directed in paragraph 169. 
 
 A. The conductor on taking charge of his train should 
 record in his book the numbers and markings of the cars, 
 and the car door or other fastenings, as directed in paragraph 
 365. He should then go to the office of the train despatcher, 
 or such place as may be designated, and obtain the manifests 
 for such cars as are to go, and compare them, at the time, 
 with the car numbers and initials, etc., as taken by him, and 
 if any manifests are missing or defective, or if there is any 
 discrepancy as to the number or initials of the cars, or 
 defect or omission as to the fastenings, he should call the 
 attention of the person delivering, or who should deliver the 
 manifests to him, to the fact, and enter the particulars in his 
 book. (See Rule d). 
 

 82 RULES FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE OF AGENTS. 
 
 B. The yardinaster, or other person designated for the 
 duty, should, upon the arrival of the train at any terminal 
 yard where it stops or where it is transferred from one 
 division to another, take the numbers and markings of all the 
 cars, and the car door or other fastenings, entering them in 
 his book. He should then go to the caboose of the train and 
 receive the manifests from the conductor, and, at the time, 
 compare the manifests with the numbers and initials of the 
 cars, etc., as taken by him, requiring from the conductor an 
 explanation as to any missing or defective manifests or dis- 
 crepancy as to the numbers or initials of the cars, or any 
 defect or omission as to the fastenings, and recording the 
 details. Conductors should not leave their trains until the 
 manifests have been checked in their presence. (See Rule d). 
 
 C. Conductors should deliver into the hands of agents 
 the manifests for all cars or freight left at the respective 
 stations, and receive from agents the manifests for all cars 
 or freight to be taken into their trains ; and the manifests 
 should be compared, at the time, by the person to whom 
 they are delivered, with the numbers, initials and fastenings 
 of the cars left or which are to go, and the attention of the 
 conductor or agent, as the case may be, called to any 
 discrepancy, omission or defect found to exist in order that 
 the necessary correction may be made or explanation given, 
 a record being kept of the facts. (See Rule d). 
 
 D. The reason for making any alteration in manifests 
 or slip manifests must be plainly noted thereon, over the 
 signature of the agent, yardmaster or other official making 
 the change. Car numbers or initials must not be changed 
 by conductors, yardmen, or others, without authority from 
 the billing station. 
 
 E. The person who ought last to have had any mani- 
 fest in his possession will be held responsible therefor, unless 
 he shall, at the time, have called the attention of the person 
 
 I 
 
 FORWARDING CARS AND FREIGHT. 
 
 83 
 
 who should have delivered it to him to his failure to so 
 deliver, and recorded the facts. 
 
 F. When cars containing freight for any station are 
 left at another station, the conductor must note the name of 
 the station, date and reason for leaving the car, on the mani- 
 fests therefor, which must be delivered to the agent where 
 the car is left, if at a station having an agent, and accom- 
 pany the freight when again sent forward. The manifests 
 for freight left at stations or sidings where there are no 
 agents must be delivered to the agent at the next regular 
 station beyond, unless otherwise directed, the delivery of the 
 freight, or the facts in regard to its being left, being properly 
 certified to on the face of the manifest. (See paragraph 356). 
 
 FORWARDING CARS AND FREIGHT. 
 
 204. Cars and freight to be given prompt despatch. 
 
 Agents are required to use every effort to secure the 
 prompt despatch of cars and freight and to prevent delays to 
 trains or accidents of any kind. Freight must be loaded and 
 forwarded at the earliest possible moment after delivery to 
 the company ; empty cars which are ordered sent to other 
 points must also be promptly forwarded. 
 
 20s. Refusal of conductors to take freight or cars. Placing 
 cars, etc. 
 
 Agents having freight or cars to go which any conductor 
 refuses to take into his train, should report the facts to the 
 superintendent, if in his judgment the train is not fully 
 loaded, giving the number of the train, names of the con- 
 ductor and the engineer, number of the engine, and the 
 number of jcars in the train. Any refusal or failure on the 
 part of conductors to properly place cars for loading or 
 unloading or perform other work at stations, and any dam- 
 age to, or reckless handling of, freight by trainmen should 
 also be reported. (See paragraph 355). 
 
I 
 
 I 
 
 84 RULES FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE OF AGENTS. 
 206. Freight left In transit. 
 
 Freight for any station which is, for any reason, left at 
 another station, must be sent on to its proper destination 
 with the least possible delay, accompanied by the proper 
 manifests. (See paragraph 203, f). In case the freight 
 cannot be promptly forwarded, the agent at the station 
 where it has been left should notify the forwarding agent and 
 the agent at the station to which the property has been 
 billed, and also the superintendent, of the cause of detention 
 giving reference to billing. If billed to a point on another 
 hne, the junction agent must also be notified. When freight 
 is left by reason of cars being disabled or unfit to run, or 
 through the inability of the engine to haul the cars, the facts 
 should be reported to the superintendent by wire. 
 
 RECORD OF CARS AND MANIFESTS RECEIVED AND FORWARDED. 
 
 207. Record to be kept of time of arrival and forwarding of 
 cars and manifests. Delays, etc. 
 
 At every station car books should be kept in which 
 should be recorded the numbers and initials, car door or 
 other fastenings, and date and time of arrival and departure 
 of all cars received or forwarded, the points to which the 
 cars are carded and slipped (if slip manifests are used), the 
 trains by which they are received or on which they are sent 
 forward, the names of the conductors, and the numbers of 
 the engines hauling the trains. The particulars as to car 
 numbers and initials, fastenings, carding, etc., should be 
 taken directly from the cars at the time they are actually 
 received or forwarded, and the manifest?, or copies of mani- 
 fests retained, compared therewith in order that it may be 
 discovered whether cars have been received or forwarded 
 vyithout manifests, whether cars manifested have been left, 
 or whether any errors have been made in carding, or in giv- 
 ing car numbers and initials or other particulars, the neces- 
 sary steps to correct any mistake or omission being taken at 
 once. The record should contain full particulars as to cars in 
 
 TRANSFERRING FREIGHT. 
 
 85 
 
 local trains in which shipments are forwarded, or in which they 
 are received, the same as though the cars were taken on or 
 left at the recording station. A record must also be kept of 
 the time of receipt and forwarding of manifests. The facts 
 concerning any unusual delay in the receipt or forwarding of 
 freight or manifests should be carefully recorded. Unusual 
 delays in transit should be reported to the general office, 
 with full particulars. 
 
 TRANSFERRING FREIGHT. 
 
 208. Transferring at junction points. 
 
 The transferring at junction points of freight coming 
 from or destined to connecting lines, and the assumption of 
 the risks and expenses thereby incurred, will be in accord- 
 ance with special instructions and the agreements made 
 between the several roads interested. (See paragraph 141). 
 
 209. Cars not allowed to run. 
 
 The contents of cars which are not allowed to run over 
 the route by which the goods are to be forwarded, should be 
 transferred to cars of a kind which can go via such route ; 
 if, however, the freight should be of a fragile nature, or very 
 liable to damage from the weather or other causes in case of 
 transfer, or if the lading of a car would require more than 
 one of the cars available for reloading, the superintendent 
 should be communicated with by wire before taking action, 
 unless the necessary instructions as to such cases have 
 already been received. 
 
 210. Cars dangerously loaded. 
 
 When cars are loaded beyond their safe carrying 
 capacity, or the prescribed maximums, the contents must be 
 transferred to a car of sufficient capacity to safely carry the 
 shipment, if such a car be available ; if a car of sufficient 
 carrying capacity be not available, such part of the lading 
 must be transferred from the original car as will enable it to 
 
86 
 
 RULES FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE OF AGENTS. 
 
 EXAMINATION AND CORRECTION OF MANIFESTS. 
 
 87 
 
 pass over the road in safety. Cars loaded to such a height 
 or width or with articles of such a length as to be a source of 
 danger in passing through tunnels, or under bridges, or by 
 coming in contact with other cars, etc., must not be allowed 
 to go forward until the defect is remedied. 
 211. Cars disabled. 
 
 When cars containing merchandise become disabled, the 
 contents should be immediately transferred, unless the car can 
 be repaired without transfer and sent forward by the same or 
 the next following train. Perishable freight should be trans- 
 ferred at once, and forwarded by the same train that had the 
 disabled car, if possible. Cars containing lumber, coal, pig- 
 iron, or freight of a similar nature, may be detained a reason- 
 able time for repairs, provided the repairs can be made 
 without transfer ; if the repairs cannot be made without 
 unloading the cars, the transfer should be made with the 
 least possible delay. 
 
 212. Record of transfers. Freight to be checked, etc. 
 
 Agents, conductors, and other employes must keep a 
 full and complete record of all transfers made by them or 
 under their supervision, showing the station where the transfer 
 is made, the date and time of transfer, the reason for trans- 
 fer, car number and initials and car door or other fastenings of 
 the car from which the property is unloaded and into which 
 it is reloaded, and any discrepancy discovered as to the 
 quantity or condition of the freight, which must be carefully 
 checked with the manifests. When a transfer is made in 
 transit between the billing point and the station to which the 
 manifest is made, the particulars of transfer and result of 
 checking, etc. , must be noted on the face of the manifest accom- 
 panying the shipment and signed by the agent or employe 
 by whom or under whose supervision the transfer is made. 
 If in any case the regular manifest is not at hand, full mem- 
 oranda of the freight transferred and its condition must be 
 made, the memoranda being preserved as a part of the 
 
 record and a copy attached to and forwarded with the slip 
 manifest accompanying the freight.^ When shipments which 
 have been transferred are rebilled, notations should be made 
 on the manifests showing the original car numbers and 
 initials and intermediate transfers, if any, and any discrep- 
 ancy discovered as to the quantity or condition of the freight. 
 (See paragraphs 178 and 189). 
 
 2 13. Freight loaded by shippers. 
 
 The cost of transferring freight when the transfer is 
 necessitated by reason of the overloading, or improper load- 
 ing, of cars by shippers, should be charged against the 
 property, if the service is performed by the railroad com- 
 pany. (See paragraphs 82 and 198). 
 
 EXAMINATION AND CORRECTION OF MANIFESTS. 
 
 214. Manifests to be examined and corrections promptly 
 made. 
 
 Agents must give all manifests received by them a 
 prompt and careful examination as to the correctness of the 
 description given of the property, weights, classification, 
 rates, divisions, extensions and footings, and correct any 
 errors which may be found to exist, sending notice of such 
 corrections to the forwarding agent, or agent at the junction 
 point if the freight comes from a connecting line, and to the 
 auditor. The examination of manifests must in every case 
 precede the making out of the expense bills, and the sending 
 of notices of arrival, which should give the corrected figures 
 except where the necessary authority for making a correction 
 reducing the amount of charges has not been received, in 
 which case thfe higher figures should be given, in both the 
 notices and the expense bills, and collection made accord- 
 ingly. (See paragraph 226). 
 
 2 15. Correction notices. 
 
 Correction notices should show how the manifests origi- 
 nally read, and how they should read, all the particulars 
 called for by the forms used being given ; they should also 
 
 *N(Oticeof transfer should also l)e sent by train mail tor l)y wire, if nect-ssary). to 
 the station on which the freiKht is slip-billed. 
 
8S 
 
 RULES FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE OF AGENTS. 
 
 bear a notation stating the nature of the correction as 
 "Error m weight," - Error in rate," - Error in extension," 
 etc. The authority for corrected rates should in every case 
 be shown. Correction notices changing the destination of 
 manifests, or canceling manifests, must give the reasons 
 therefor. When freight has been billed twice, reference to 
 correct billing must be given, as well as the billing to be 
 canceled. (See paragraph 233). 
 
 216. Original figures not to be erased. 
 
 The original figures or entries on manifests should never 
 be erased in making corrections, but simply crossed off, and 
 the corrected figures or other changes entered on the face of 
 the manifest in red ink, with notations explaining the cor- 
 rection. 
 
 217. Corrections accepted. 
 
 When agents are advised of errors in billing, they 
 should promptly make the necessary changes in all their 
 records and accounts which are affected thereby, if the cor- 
 rections are accepted, signing and forwarding or returning 
 the correction sheets without delay, in accordance with the 
 instructions of the auditor. 
 
 218, Corrections not accepted. 
 
 If for any reason corrections cannot be made, or if they 
 are considered to have been issued in error, agents should 
 not accept them, but submit them to the auditor for his 
 decision, giving the reasons for non-acceptance. Where 
 exceptions are taken to the decision of the auditor, the 
 matter should be referred to the general freight department 
 for final decision. 
 
 219. Correcting correction notices. 
 
 Agents making alterations in correction notices received 
 by them, should write "Re-corrected," across the face of 
 the notice ; and agents accepting such corrections after they 
 are altered must note on the same. -Re-correction noted." 
 
 EXAMINATION AND CORRECTION OF MANIFESTS. 
 
 89 
 
 220. Notations to be dated and signed. 
 
 Agents must in every case date and sign notations made 
 by them on correction notices. 
 
 221. Correcting rates. 
 
 When shipments are billed otherwise than in accordance 
 with the established classification and tariff, and the authority 
 therefor is not shown, the receiving agent must correct the 
 rate and charges to agree with such classification and tariff, 
 unless he shall have been advised of a special rate which 
 should apply. Agents will be held responsible for any loss 
 occasioned to the railroad company by a neglect or violation 
 of this rule. When shipments are apparently billed at tariff, 
 or a reference is given to a tariff, agents should see that the 
 rate is in accordance with that tariff. If reference is made 
 to a tariff or special rate order which is known not to be in 
 force, the necessary correction must be made. The simple 
 notation "Special" over a special rate is not sufficient ; the 
 number of the special rate order should be given, or a refer- 
 ence made to the letter or telegram authorizing the rate. 
 (See paragraph 193). 
 
 222. Corrections Increasing charges. 
 
 The forwarding agent should at once advise the receiv- 
 ing agent, and any other agent interested, by wire, in case 
 errors in billing are discovered the correction of' whicli 
 requires the collection of an additional amount from another 
 road or from the consignee, sending full particulars by first 
 train. (See paragraph 228). 
 
 223. Correcting prepaid or advanced charges. 
 
 Receiving agents must make no changes in advanced 
 charges, except when they are covered by through rates 
 made in connection with other lines and there is an apparent 
 undercharge, and no changes in prepaid charges, without first 
 obtaining authority from the forwarding agent for such 
 changes. Forwarding agents must make no changes in pre- 
 

 90 
 
 RULES FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE OF AGENTS. 
 
 paid or advanced charges, adding an additional amount to be 
 collected from consignees, after manifests have left their 
 stations, without first ascertaining whether the receiving 
 agent can make the correction and collect the additional 
 amount. Agents receiving requests to add advanced charges, 
 or charges on shipments billed prepaid, should do so, unless 
 they are unable to make collection ; in case the property has 
 been delivered, and they are unable to collect, the fact must 
 be immediately reported to the office from which the request 
 was received, the manifests not being altered. 
 
 224. Undercharges on prepaid shipments. 
 
 Agents receiving manifests for prepaid shipments should 
 see that the charges have been correctly computed, and in 
 case of undercharge endeavor to collect the additional 
 amount from consignees before delivery of the property, 
 taking it for granted that it can be legally held for the charges. 
 (See paragraph 226). 
 
 225. Overcharges on prepaid shipments. 
 
 In case a station is credited with more than the proper 
 amount on a prepaid shipment, the forwarding agent and the 
 auditor should at once be notified and advice as to adjust- 
 ment asked for. Agents must not, without proper authority, 
 refund to consignees any amount which has been prepaid. 
 
 226. Shipments refused on account of charges. 
 
 If consignees positively refuse to receive shipments and 
 pay charges apparently due thereon, presenting prepaid 
 shipping receipts or bills of lading, or claiming that the 
 charges have been prepaid, or that they are in excess of the 
 proper aoKMint, the billing agent and the general office 
 should at once be advised, and instructions asked for, as 
 directed in paragraph 329, the wire being used when the 
 freight is perishable, and in other cases where it is important 
 that prompt delivery be made. 
 
 EXAMINATION AND CORRECTION OF MANIFESTS. 
 
 91 
 
 227. Examination and correction of manifests at junction 
 points. 
 
 All transfer, local or through manifests for shipments 
 coming from or destined to other lines must be carefully 
 examined by agents at junction points and any necessary 
 corrections as to the description of freight, quantity, rates, 
 divisions, computations or footings made, correction notices 
 being sent to the auditor and the connecting line or the for- 
 warding agent. The attention of the connecting line or the 
 forwarding agent, as the case may be, should be called to any 
 apparent error as to route, destination or other particulars 
 of consignment, and written authority obtained for any 
 changes made. Special attention should be given to the 
 routing of shipments when through rates are used. Freight 
 should not be accepted and forwarded under billing contain- 
 ing rates or shipping directions which cannot be carried out. 
 Through billing should not be made or accepted unless such 
 billing has been duly authorized. When through billing ar- 
 rangements are not in force, through bills should be suppressed 
 and the property rebilled. Local billing to junction points 
 should be corrected to through billing, when throush billin<^ 
 arrangements are in force. The date of passing junction 
 stations should in every case be noted or stamped on through 
 manifests, care being taken not to obliterate the entries or 
 figures. When settlements are made with connecting lines 
 on corrected figures, the corrected figures should be entered 
 on the face of the manifests, with notations showing that 
 settlement has been made in accordance therewith, so that 
 receiving agents may be governed accordingly in collecting 
 charges and making reports. 
 
 228. Corrections or corrected manifests increasing charges 
 To collect" on shipments from connecting lines. 
 Supplementary or special manifests. 
 
 Agents at junction points receiving from connecting 
 lines corrections or corrected manifests increasing the charges 
 "To collect" on shipments coming from such lines, after 
 

 92 
 
 RULES FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE OF AGENTS. 
 
 the original manifests have gone forward, should not accept 
 them without first ascertaining whether they can be accepted 
 by the receiving agent and the additional amount collected. 
 Supplementary or special manifests adding charges accruing 
 in transit on shipments originally billed under a through rate, 
 and with no provision for the collection of the additional 
 amounts, should be accepted from connecting lines only with 
 the distinct understanding that they will be withdrawn if col- 
 lection cannot be made from the consignees. Such manifests 
 should in no case be accepted after the original manifests have 
 gone forward, without first ascertaining whether the receiving 
 agent can collect the additional amount. (See paragraphs 
 222 and 223). 
 
 229. Correcting weights, etc. 
 
 It must be seen that shipments are as represented in 
 manifests as to the kind of freight and quantity, in order 
 that any misrepresentation of goods or underbilling in weight, 
 etc., may be detected and corrections made. Special atten- 
 tion must be given to freight which is to be turned over to 
 consignees for unloading. When slip manifests have been 
 used they must be carefully examined on arrival at destina- 
 tion to ascertain whether the goods have been weighed in 
 transit, etc., and any corrections which may be necessary 
 made in the regular manifests. (See paragraphs 160-167). 
 
 230. Amount to be collected in case of an overcharge which 
 
 may be apparent only. 
 
 A less amount of charges than is shown by the billing 
 for a shipment must not be collected from the consignee, 
 unless there is an unquestionable overcharge, such as a 
 bona fide error in weight, rate or calculation. When there 
 is any doubt as to whether there is an overcharge, there 
 being an uncertainty as to the proper description or classifi- 
 cation of the goods or the proper rate or weight to apply, or 
 when a reduction is claimed on a shipment as a " Part lot," 
 etc., the charges should not be reduced without first com- 
 
 UNLOADING FREIGHT. 
 
 93 
 
 municating with the forwarding agent, or obtaining the 
 authority of the auditor or of the general freight department 
 for a change. 
 
 23 f . Amount to be collected in case of apparent undercharge. 
 
 In case of apparent undercharge on a shipment, the 
 proper corrected amount should be collected from the con- 
 signee, unless otherwise directed, even though the necessary 
 correction sheets, etc., have not yet passed between the 
 various stations or lines interested. 
 
 232. Adjustment of debits and credits arising from correc- 
 tions. 
 
 The adjustment of debits and credits between the various 
 stations interested, or with connecting lines, arising from 
 the issuing of corrections, will be in accordance with the 
 instructions of the auditor. Before the passing of debits and 
 credits affecting prepaid or advanced charges, or the charges 
 of Other lines, the authority of the forwarding or receiving 
 agent, as the case may require, must be obtained therefor. 
 (See paragraphs 222, 223 and 228.) 
 
 233. Authority for corrections to be shown. 
 
 When corrections are issued which have been authorized 
 by other agents, the auditor, or by the general freight depart- 
 ment, reference to the authority therefor must be made on 
 the correction sheets ; and when expense manifests are made 
 in adjusting debits and credits necessitated by corrections, 
 reference to the corrections must be noted thereon. 
 
 UNLOADING FREIGHT. 
 
 234. Checking freight at time of unloading. 
 
 All freight for which the railroad company is held 
 responsible as to quantity or- condition must be carefully 
 checked with the manifests when unloading from the cars 
 and examined as to the condition in which it is received, the 
 time of unloading, the car door or other fastenings, the record 
 
s 
 
 94 
 
 RULES FOR INFORMATION AND (GUIDANCE OF AOENTS. 
 
 of checking, any discrepancy or damage found to exist, and 
 the name of the tallyman or checker being noted on the face 
 of the manifest. A record must be kept of the fasten- 
 ings of cars turned over to consignees for unloading, or 
 delivered to connecting lines, the same as in the case of cars 
 unloaded by the company. 
 
 233. Freight unloaded from passing trains. 
 
 Agents must see that all freight unloaded from passing 
 trains is carefully checked and examined, and any existing 
 discrepancy or damage noted on the face of the manifests 
 and signed by the conductor. Agents must verify conductors' 
 checking. The car door fastenings and time of unloading 
 should also be noted on the manifests, and a full record kept, 
 the same as though the cars were left for unloading. 
 
 236. Freight coming from other lines. 
 
 Especial care must be exercised in examining and check- 
 ing freight at junction points, a complete record being kept 
 of the particulars. (See paragraphs <S4, <S5 and 92). Articles 
 which are so broken or damaged as not to be worth the 
 transportation charges, or which would not sell for a suffi- 
 cient amount to pay for transportation, etc., should not be 
 received unless all charges to destination are prepaid or guar- 
 anteed, as directed in paragraphs 75 and 76. 
 
 OVER, SHORT OR DAMAGED FREIGHT. ETC. 
 
 237. Over, short or damage reports. 
 
 When any freight is over, more being received than is 
 entered on manifests, when there is an apparent shortage, or 
 when goods are received in a damaged condition, over, short 
 or damage reports must immediately be sent to the forward- 
 ing agent, or the agent at the junction point, if the freight 
 comes from another line, and to the general office, in accord- 
 ance with special instructions. Separate reports must be 
 made for each consignment affected. When the manifests 
 indicate that the property has been transferred en route 
 between the billing station (or junction point if coming from 
 
 OVER, SHORT OR DAMAGED FREIGHT, ETC. 
 
 95 
 
 another line) and the point at which the discrepancy or 
 damage is discovered, or notice has been received of such a 
 transfer, a copy of the report should also be sent to the point 
 of transfer. If no reports are made of discrepancy or 
 damage, it will be considered that all the goods were received 
 as manifested, and agents will be held responsible therefor, 
 and for the collection of any charges due. Where freight is 
 turned over to the consignees for unloading, any damage or 
 discrepancy reported by them as existing at the time of its 
 receipt and unloading should be reported in the usual way. 
 Any discrepancy or damage claimed as having been found 
 to exist, subsequent to removal, on shipments which have 
 been received and delivered in apparent good order, and so 
 receipted for, should be reported to the general office, and 
 the facts carefully recorded for future reference. A special 
 report must be made to the general office of any shortage 
 discovered or damage occurring to freight at the forwarding 
 station after its receipt or at the receiving station after its 
 arrival, and every effort must be made to trace and find 
 missing property and prevent or lessen damages. (See 
 paragraph 246). 
 
 238. Reports to be made at junction points 
 
 Agents at junction points should promptly report to the 
 general office and to connecting lines all cases of over, short 
 or damage on shipments received from such hnes. All cases 
 of over, short or damage on shipments destined to connect- 
 mg lines should be reported as directed in paragraph 237. 
 
 239. ''Over*' freight forwarded to junction points. 
 
 Agents at junction points receiving freight which has 
 been forwarded to them from stations where it has been 
 found over, should see that it is sent on to its proper desti- 
 nation as quickly as possible, reference to the original billing 
 and the billing under which the property is received being 
 given in manifesting. If the manifests under which the 
 freight is received do not give reference to the original 
 
96 
 
 RULES FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE OF AGENTS. 
 
 billing, and agents are unable to locate it from an examina- 
 tion of the station records and reports, it should be treated 
 as over at the junction point. 
 
 240. Discrepancy in marks, or car numbers or initials. 
 
 Freight which does not agree with manifests as to 
 marks should be treated as '*over freight," and the absence 
 of the freight marked as called for by the manifests, as a 
 shortage ; that is to say, for example, if lo bales of cotton 
 marked "A, B, C," are billed, and lO bales of cotton marked 
 ♦'X, Y, Z," are received, the lo bales marked "X, Y, Z," 
 should be reported over, and the lO bales marked " A, B, C," 
 should be reported short. Where the numbers or initials of 
 the cars in which goods are received do not agree with the 
 car numbers and initials entered on the manifests, and a 
 transfer to the cars in which the freight is received is not 
 shown, the freight received should be considered *'over," 
 and the freight, as called for by the manifests, ♦♦short," 
 and the necessary action taken without delay. 
 
 241. Goods fuily marked and "over'* at destination station. 
 
 Goods fully marked as to consignee and destination and 
 found over at the destination station may, if necessary, be 
 delivered, in accordance with marks, on presentation and 
 surrender of the original shipping receipt or bill of lading, 
 the payment of all probable charges, etc., as directed in 
 paragraph 255. 
 
 242. "Over" freight marked for another station. 
 
 When goods over are marked for, and evidently 
 destined to, another station on the company's line, the 
 receiving agent should at once forward them to the agent at 
 the station for which they are marked, the entry, ♦'If not 
 short trace for billing," being made on the manifest, if refer- 
 ence to the original billing cannot be given, and the usual 
 over reports issued, with notations showing the disposi- 
 tion which has been made of the property. If marked for 
 
 OVER, SHORT OR DAMAGED FREIGHT, ETC. 
 
 97 
 
 a point on or via another line, in addition to making the 
 usual ♦♦over" reports it should at once be ascertained from 
 the agent at the junction station in the direction of apparent 
 destination whether he has any account of the property and 
 can furnish reference to the original billing ; if so, the freight 
 should be promptly forwarded to the junction agent, the 
 billing reference being noted on the manifest. If the junction 
 agent should be unable to locate the original billing, it 
 should be ascertained from the connecting line whether bill- 
 ing is held for the property, the agent having the goods being 
 advised with the least possible delay. 
 
 243. Freight without manifests. 
 
 When freight is received without manifests, the mani- 
 fests being apparently delayed or astray, the receiving agent 
 should at once communicate by wire with the agent at the 
 station from which the goods are supposed to have been 
 forwarded, and the agent at the junction point, if the freight 
 comes from a connecting line, giving full particulars as to the 
 goods and marks, number and initials of the car in which 
 they were received, the train received by, etc., and asking 
 for manifests or orders for disposal. If the receiving agent 
 should be unable to locate the station from which the goods 
 were forwarded from marks on the cars or packages, or 
 otherwise, or does not receive billing or instructions as to 
 disposal within a reasonable time after telegraphing, or is 
 advised that the property belongs at another station, the 
 usual "over" reports should be made, with notations show- 
 ing what action has been taken. 
 
 244. Manifests without freight. 
 
 Agents receiving manifests without freight, should at 
 once communicate with the billing agent, and with the agent 
 at the junction point if coming from a connecting line, by 
 wire, and ask to have the property hurried forward ; and if 
 not promptly received, send the usual ♦♦short" reports. 
 
98 RULES FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE OF AGENTS. 
 
 245, Freight apparently manifested in error. 
 
 When agents receive freight (manifested) which they 
 have reason to believe has been billed and forwarded to their 
 stations in error, they should at once communicate with the 
 billing agent, by wire, and ascertain the correct destination 
 of the shipment, and see that the necessary steps to correct 
 the error, if any, are taken without delay. 
 
 246. Examining and cliecldng freight in case of damage or 
 
 shortage. Repairing paclcages, etc. 
 
 Immediate and careful attention must be given to articles 
 or packages received in ' a damaged condition or showing 
 signs of shortage or of having been tampered with, and the 
 exact nature, extent and cause of any shortage, damage or 
 discrepancy which may exist determined, if possible, before 
 the property passes from the possession of the railroad com- 
 pany, by inspection and weighing, measuring or counting, as 
 the case may require, any difference between the weight or 
 quantity received and the weight or quantity as billed or 
 marked, or any difference between the actual condition of 
 the freight and the condition as indicated by the billing being 
 noted, a record kept of the facts, and a full report made.* 
 (See paragraph 248). 
 
 When it is necessary to examine the contents of pack- 
 ages, the examination should be made in the presence of the 
 consignee, if practicable, and the goods checked with the 
 original invoice, if he has one. If the consignee has no 
 invoice, or if the examination is made while the freight is in 
 transit, accurate memoranda must be made of the contents 
 of the packages and carefully preserved for reference in case 
 a claim is presented. Copies of all invoices used in checking 
 should be retained. When the packages are apparently 
 
 * Where Koods are in loose order, or in packages which are not in good condition 
 or which are apparently second-hand or appear to have l)een re-coopered, it is some- 
 times advisable to weigh them at the time of loading or delivery, as well as at the 
 time they are received from the shipper or from the forwarding station, in order that 
 any pilfering done at stations may be discovered and stei>8 taken to secure the detec- 
 tion and punishment of the thieves, such shipments being much more liable to pilfer- 
 age than others, owing to the fact that the chances of detection are less. 
 
 OVER, SHORT OR DAMAGED FREIGHT, ETC. 
 
 99 
 
 second-hand, or show defective or improper cooperage, the 
 fact must be noted. Particular attention must be given to 
 any packages which have been corded, sealed, or strapped, 
 in order that it may be ascertained whether the fastenings 
 have been disturbed. Conductors and trainmen of trains 
 from which goods are short or received in bad order should 
 be questioned as to the cause of the discrepancy or dam- 
 age, and any information obtained recorded, and given in 
 making reports. Broken or leaky barrels or packages, pack- 
 ages in a loose condition, or damaged freight, should be put 
 in as good order as possible and coopered when necessary to 
 prevent further loss, any expense incurred being charged 
 against the property. 
 
 247. Reports to be made by yard masters. 
 
 Yardmasters must report to the superintendent (who 
 will make the necessary reports to the general freight depart- 
 ment) all cars or freight arriving without the proper manifests 
 or with seals broken, defective or missing, and all cars or 
 freight arriving in a damaged condition or damaged while in 
 their charge, and all cases of apparent loss from theft or 
 other causes. 
 
 248. Reports and notations to be fuli and expiicit. 
 
 All reports and notations as to over, short or damaged 
 freight must be full and explicit as to the number and kind of 
 articles or packages affected, marks, condition, etc.; the 
 use of such terms as " B. O.," ''Bad order," or " Broken," 
 simply, in describing goods which are in bad order is not 
 sufficient ; it should be stated of what the bad order or 
 damage consists — that is, in what way the goods are dam- 
 aged — whether packages have been broken open, etc. ; when 
 the damage appears to have been caused by improper load- 
 ing, or by rough or careless handling, or to have arisen from 
 other causes which can be apparently determined, it should 
 be so stated. Seals and other car door, window or hatch 
 
r 
 
 lOO 
 
 1^ I 
 
 RULES FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE OF AGENTS. 
 
 fastenings should be accurately described in making reports, 
 and the seals preserved for future reference. 
 
 249. Over, short and damage reports to be given prompt 
 attention. 
 
 Agents receiving over, short or damage reports must 
 give them immediate attention, take the necessary action, 
 and see that the proper notations are made and the reports 
 forv^arded to the general office, or to the other agent inter- 
 ested, as the case may be, without delay ; and they must 
 also keep a record of the receipt of such reports and the 
 disposition made of them, showing the station received from, 
 the discrepancy or damage claimed, number of report and 
 date on which returned or forwarded, and to whom, etc. 
 Requests for billing or for proper destination or orders for 
 disposal of shipments must be promptly responded to ; also 
 requests for the hurrying forward of delayed freight. Over 
 freight must be sent on to its proper destination as quickly 
 as possible, if it is ascertained that it does not belong at the 
 station where it is found over, in accordance with instructions 
 for the forwarding of astray freight. (See paragraph 195). 
 
 250. Over or short freight accounted for. 
 
 When freight which has been reported over or short is 
 afterwards accounted for, a report must be promptly sent to 
 the general office and to any agent that may be interested, 
 with a reference to the over or short report relating thereto. 
 (See paragraph 344). 
 
 251. Written reports in addition to reports by wire. 
 
 The usual written reports should in all crises be made 
 when goods are over, short or damaged, in addition to any 
 reports which may be sent by telegraph, the proper notations 
 being made as to what action has been taken. 
 
 252. Perishable freight. 
 
 When perishable freight is refused, over, short or 
 received without a manifest, or it cannot for any other reason 
 be promptly delivered, the receiving agent should imme- 
 
 
 NOTICES OF ARRIVAL. 
 
 lOI 
 
 diately take the matter up by wire with the general office and 
 the billing agent, (or the agent at the station from which the 
 goods are supposed to have been forwarded), giving*the facts 
 and asking for instructions by wire. (See paragraph 275). 
 
 NOTICES OF ARRIVAL.* 
 
 253. Notices of arrival. 
 
 Written advice of the arrival of property should in every 
 case be sent to consignees, or the parties to be notified, as 
 soon as it is received and ready for delivery, unless the goods 
 are called for and delivery made immediately, making the 
 sending of the notices unnecessary. Written notices should 
 be sent, even though a verbal notice may have been given or 
 the goods offered for delivery and been refused. These notices 
 should give reference to manifest number, car number, etc., 
 articles, and amount of charges due, (See paragraph 214), and 
 should be sent to the address indicated by the manifests, 
 regardless of any knowledge the agent may have as to the 
 actual place of business, residence or address of the con- 
 signee or party to be notified ; if, however, the actual 
 address is known to be different from that shown by the 
 manifests, a notice should also be sent to that address. 
 If one notice does not have the desired effect, others 
 should be sent. The notices should be deposited in the 
 post office or delivered by messenger, the date they are 
 sent being entered in the freight received book, or in a book 
 provided for the purpose ; and the agent or party mailing or 
 delivering them should write his name or initials opposite 
 each entry so that he can testify as to the fact of the mailing 
 or delivery if called upon to do so. Messengers delivering 
 notices should take receipts therefor from the parties noti- 
 fied, showing the time of delivery. A record must also be 
 kept of the exact time of mailing notices. Directories 
 should be examined, where there are directories, to ascertain 
 
 *The sending: of these notices is for the carrier's convenience— to insure the 
 prompt movement of freight and prevent accumulation in its warehouses or cars. 
 No obligation to send such notices is acknowledged by the carrier. 
 
102 RULES FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE OF AGENTS. 
 
 the correct address of the consignees or parties to be notified 
 of the arrival of freight, when a street and number are not 
 given as a part of the address, and if found a notice should 
 be sent to that address in addition to the one sent to the 
 address given in the manifest. When notices are returned 
 by the post office authorities by reason of their not having 
 been called for or because of inability to find the party to 
 whom they are addressed, the billing as well as the goods 
 should be examined to see if any error has been made in the 
 address ; if so, another should be sent at once. If it is found 
 that no error has been made and the correct address cannot 
 be ascertained in any way, the notice should be filed for 
 future reference, with the envelope attached or a notation 
 showing thaf it has been returned. If it is found in examin- 
 ing freight at the time of unloading, or subsequently* that 
 there is a discrepancy between the address as billed and as 
 marked on the goods, the billing agent should at once be 
 advised and the correct address ascertained. 
 
 DELIVERY OF FREIGHT. 
 
 254. Delivering freight. 
 
 The following rules should be observed by agents in 
 delivering freight : 
 
 A. When consigned to a certain party, deliver the 
 freight to that party only, or upon his written order. 
 
 B. When consigned to one party "In care of" a 
 second party, deliver the freight to the second party only, or 
 upon his written order. "'^ 
 
 C. When consigned to one party, "Notify" a second 
 party, notify the second party, but deliver the freight only 
 upon the presentation and surrender of the original shipping 
 receipt or bill of lading, properly indorsed by the first party. 
 
 *Thl8 is in accordance with general railway practice. The rules of some com- 
 panies allow delivery to be made to either party, or upon the written order of either. 
 
 DELIVERY OF FREIGHT. 
 
 103 
 
 D. When consigned simply "To Order, "or "To Order 
 of Shipper," deliver the freight only upon the presentation 
 and surrender of the original shipping receipt or bill of 
 lading, properly indorsed by the party to whom it was 
 issued. 
 
 E. When consigned "To Order" of a certain party, 
 deliver the freight only upon the presentation and surrender 
 of the original shipping receipt or bill of lading, properly 
 indorsed by the party to whose order the property is con- 
 signed. 
 
 F. When consigned simply ' * To Order, " or " To Order 
 of Shipper," "Notify" a certain party, notify the said party, 
 but deliver the freight only upon the presentation and sur- 
 render of the original shipping receipt or bill of lading, 
 properly indorsed by the party to whom it was issued. 
 
 C. When consigned ' ' To Order " of one party, * ' Notify" 
 a second party, notify the second party, but deliver the 
 freight only upon the presentation and surrender of the 
 original shipping receipt or bill of lading, properly indorsed 
 by' the first party. 
 
 H. When consigned to the express company, or to the 
 care of the express company, deliver only to their agent, or 
 upon his written order. 
 
 I. Retain and carefully preserve the original shipping 
 receipts or bills of lading and written orders called for in 
 all of the foregoing cases as authority for the delivery 
 of the property, noting across the face of the shipping 
 receipts or bills of lading the fact that delivery has been 
 made and the date of delivery, and signing the notation.* 
 
 J. Allow no freight to be removed from the warehouse 
 or premises of the railroad company until all the charges due 
 thereon have been paid (unless the extension of credit shall 
 
 * Requests from conslgrnees or others for the return of bills of lading or shipping" 
 receipts for use in the substantiation of claims, or for other purposes, should be 
 referred to the general freight department. 
 
104 RULES FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE OF AGENTS. 
 
 have been authorized) and the property receipted for by the 
 consignee or party duly authorized to receive it. DeHver no 
 part of a consignment until the charges upon the entire ship- 
 ment are paid. (See paragraph 265). 
 
 255. Freight not duly accounted for, "over," etc. 
 
 Over freight, astray freight forwarded from other sta- 
 tions v^^here it has been found over, or freight received 
 on memorandum or slip manifests or v^ith weight and charges 
 to follow, should not be delivered to consignees until the 
 weight and charges are properly accounted for, except in 
 urgent cases or where damages are likely to arise if delivery 
 is delayed, when the surrender of the original shipping receipt 
 or bill of lading covering the property, bearing the necessary 
 indorsements, the payment of a sufficient amount to cover all 
 probable charges, and the execution of a satisfactory guar- 
 antee to make good any additional charges which may be 
 found to exist against the goods, should be required. (See 
 paragraph 256). If the necessary documents cannot be 
 obtained, or if agents are unable to deal satisfactorily with a 
 case, the general freight department should at once be wired 
 for instructions. When freight is received on memorandum 
 or slip manifests or as ''astray freight," etc., and the 
 charges are not duly accounted for, the necessary billing 
 should be asked for at once. 
 
 256. Identification required. Delivery where the original ship- 
 ping receipt or bill of lading cannot be produced, etc. 
 
 No property, however small its apparent value may be, 
 should be delivered without some reasonable evidence that 
 the party claiming it is entitled to receive it ; when neces- 
 sary, the identification of strangers by some person who is 
 well known should be required— the person identifying, to 
 sign the receipt with the party receiving the freight. Property 
 should not be delivered to strangers who assume to be of the 
 same name and the same business as well known persons or 
 firms (or in other business) until their right to receive the 
 
 DELIVERY OF FREIGHT. 
 
 105 
 
 goods is properly established, the shipper being communi- 
 cated with, if necessary, either directly or through the for- 
 warding agent, or the general freight department asked for 
 instructions. When there is any doubt as to the right of 
 parties to receive goods claimed by them, they should be 
 required to execute a bond to the railroad company, with one 
 or more well known and responsible parties as surety, for 
 double the value of the property. Such a bond should in 
 every case be required where the original shipping receipts or 
 bills of lading (the surrender of which is required before 
 making delivery of "order" shipments) are claimed to have 
 been destroyed, lost or miscarried. Deliveries of this kind, 
 however, should not be made without first communicating 
 with the general freight department. 
 
 257. Delivery to draymen and others. 
 
 Consignees desiring to have their goods delivered to 
 draymen, or to any party other than themselves, should be 
 required to furnish a written order authorizing such delivery. 
 When general orders are given, covering all consignments, 
 their renewal should be required at least once a year. A 
 renewal should also be required in case of a change of firm. 
 All delivery orders and delivery receipts must be carefully 
 preserved, and filed in such a way that they may be readily 
 referred to if wanted. 
 
 258. Shipments for other lines, etc. 
 
 Shipments destined to other lines must be receipted for 
 by such lines, or by their authorized agents. Receipts from 
 draymen or expressmen transferring goods from one depot to 
 another are not sufficient, unless such draymen or expressmen 
 are authorized by the lines to which the shipments are 
 destined to receive and receipt for the property, and a 
 written order to that effect furnished. This will also apply 
 to shipments which are turned over to "outside" ferry or 
 lighterage companies, etc. , for delivery. 
 
I06 RULES FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE OF AGENTS. 
 
 250. Shipments for the railroad company. 
 
 Shipments for the railroad company must be receipted 
 for by the officer or employe to whose care they are consigned, 
 or who is authorized to receive them. 
 
 260. Delivery receipts. Allowing examination of property, etc. 
 
 Delivery receipts should show the station at which deliv- 
 ery is made, and the date and exact time of delivery, give 
 full reference to billing, the name and address of consignees, 
 articles, marks, weight, charges, etc., as shown by the cor- 
 responding expense bills, and state the condition of the 
 goods when delivered. The employe under whose supervis- 
 ion delivery is made, should initial the receipts, or write his 
 name thereon, in the margin, in order that he may testify to 
 the delivery, if necessary. When packages are apparently 
 in good condition, consignees should not be allowed to open 
 them or unpack the goods before taking delivery ^nd receipt- 
 ing therefor. Where carload shipments are loaded by con- 
 signors or shippers and are to be unloaded by consignees, it 
 is usually required that the property be receipted for before 
 breaking bulk, and before removing seals if the car and seals 
 are in apparent good order.* It is sometimes advisable, 
 however, as in the case of perishable freight which has 
 been long on the way, or where it is probable that a loss 
 or damage has occurred, that the car be opened and the con- 
 tents examined in the presence of the agent before the 
 property is receipted for. Receipts should be obtained for 
 cars placed on private tracks or sidings for unloading at the 
 time they are thus placed, if practicable, unless receipted 
 for before being placed; •' order" shipments should not be 
 placed on such tracks or sidings until the original shipping 
 receipts or bills of lading therefor, properly indorsed, have 
 been surrendered. (See paragraph 254, c-o.) Where any 
 loss or damage is claimed by consignees at the time cars are 
 
 * If any controversy should arise as to breakinR seals and examinlnir property, the 
 matter should at once be referred to the ijeneral freight department and a ruling 
 obtained. 
 
 DELIVERY OF FREIGHT. 
 
 107 
 
 opened and property removed by them, agents should give 
 the matter a prompt investigation, enter the facts on the 
 station records, and see that the necessary reports are made, 
 as directed in paragraph 237. 
 
 261. Freight delivered at stations having no agents. 
 
 Agents receiving manifests for freight delivered at points 
 where there are no freight agents, must see that delivery is 
 properly certified to by conductors, on the face of the mani- 
 fests. (See paragraph 356). 
 
 262. Checking freight at time of delivery. 
 
 All property for which the railroad company is held 
 responsible as to quantity or condition must be carefully 
 checked with the expense bills when delivery is made. If a 
 discrepancy is discovered, the manifests should be referred 
 to, to ascertain whether they bear notations showing that 
 it existed at the time of unloading ; if not, notations 
 must be made on the manifests showing how the property 
 checked out to the consignee or party to whom delivery 
 is made, and reports sent in the usual way. It must be 
 seen that the freight agrees with the expense bills, and 
 also with the shipping receipts or bills of lading when they 
 are required or are at hand at the time of delivery, as to 
 marks. Damaged freight, or freight showing signs of short- 
 age, or of having been tampered with, must in no case be 
 delivered until it has been properly examined. 
 
 263. Expense bills. Particulars to be given. 
 
 Expense bills should be dated in accordance with the 
 date on which they are made out, and be made clear and 
 explicit, showing the station at which the property is deliv- 
 ered, date of payment of charges as directed in paragraph 
 271, the billing station (and the original point of shipment if 
 other than the billing station), date and number of manifest, 
 number and initials of car in which the freight was for- 
 warded from the billing station, original car number and 
 
w 
 
 tl 
 
 1 08 RULES FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE OF AGENTS. 
 
 initials in case of transfer at or beyond the billing station, 
 and intermediate transfers, if any, the name and address of 
 the consignee, articles and marks, weight and charges, and 
 any further particulars called for by the forms used. 'The 
 names of consignors should be given when required by 
 special instructions. The particulars contained in expense 
 bills should be taken directly from the manifests, after their 
 correction, if corrections be necessary. (See paragraph 214). 
 Where manifests bear notations affecting the rates or condi- 
 tions under which the property is carried, such as "Owner's 
 risk," "Released," etc., these entries should also be made 
 on the expense bills and delivery receipts. Expense bills 
 and delivery receipts should be numbered in consecutive 
 order, each bill bearing the same number as its corresponding 
 receipt, and the numbers entered on the station records 
 against the entries to which they refer. 
 
 264. "Order" shipments. Notations referring to loss, dam- 
 age, or shortage; division of rates. Weights. 
 
 The notation, "This freight must not be delivered with- 
 out the surrender of the original bill of lading, properly 
 indorsed," should be made on all delivery receipts and 
 expense bills for "order" shipments. Notations referring to 
 loss, damage or shortage, or divisions of through rates should 
 not be made on expense bills rendered to consignees ; the 
 charges on shipments coming from connecting lines, billed 
 at a through rate, should be extended at the through rate, 
 without showing the divisions, the original charges, if any, 
 beyond the point from which the through rate is made, being 
 added as advanced charges. The weight shown in expense 
 bills should be that on which the charges are collected. 
 
 269. Collection of charges in case of shortage. 
 
 When part of a consignment is "short," all the freight 
 billed not being received, the expense bill and receipt should 
 be made out for the entire consignment, a notation showing 
 the shortage being made on the receipt. In case consignees 
 
 DELIVERY OF FREIGHT. 
 
 109 
 
 refuse to pay the charges on the whole consignment when a por- 
 tion of it is short, the expense bill and receipt may be made 
 out for the goods received, subject to their proportion of the 
 charges, as near as it can be determined, notations being 
 made on the receipt showing the amount paid and explaining 
 the transaction in full. Agents should avoid making such 
 settlements when it is possible to collect the entire amount 
 of charges, and thus avoid complicated accounts. If the 
 goods short are not found, or if it is ascertained that they 
 were billed in error and should be short, the charges paid 
 thereon can be refunded in due course. The foregoing has 
 reference to shipments for which the railroad company is 
 held responsible as to quantity. When a shortage of bulk 
 grain or other freight loaded by the shipper or taken at the 
 risk of the owner as to shortage is claimed, the payment of 
 the full amount of charges should be required, unless other- 
 wise directed, the matter being referred to the general freight 
 department, in case of controversy. 
 
 266. Goods short and afterwards received. 
 
 When goods short from a consignment are afterwards 
 received, the expense bills and delivery receipts must give 
 reference to billing for the shipment of which it is a part. 
 Reference to delivery of the goods short should also be 
 noted on the original delivery receipts, and other station 
 records. (See paragraph 344). 
 
 267. "Part lots." 
 
 Expense bills and delivery receipts for parts of consign- 
 ments or "part lots" should contain a reference to the 
 billing for the balance of the shipment. 
 
 268. Prepaid shipments. 
 
 When charges are prepaid in full, the rate and the 
 amount of charges should not be shown in expense bills ren- 
 dered to consignees ; the word " Prepaid " should be inserted 
 in the charges column ; when the charges shown by mani- 
 
-g^ 
 
 I lO RULES FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE OF AGENTS. 
 
 fests are partly prepaid and partly "to collect," the total 
 amount of charges, amount prepaid, and amount due, should 
 be shown. 
 
 260. Demurrage, storage, cartage, etc. 
 
 Demurrage, or car service,* storage, cartage, or other 
 charges other than the regular transportation charges, and 
 which are to be collected from consignees, should be shown 
 as separate items in expense bills. 
 
 270. Separate expense bills and delivery receipts for each 
 
 consignment. 
 
 Separate expense bills must be made and separate 
 receipts taken for each and every consignment ; even though 
 there may be two or more shipments for the same consignee, 
 from the same station, on the same day and in the same car, 
 they must be treated separately, if so billed. 
 
 271. Receipting expense bills. 
 
 Expense bills must in no case be receipted until all the 
 charges covered thereby are actually paid. The date of pay- 
 ment must in every case be shown, it being written or 
 stamped on the expense bill at the time. 
 
 272. Furnishing duplicate expense bills. 
 
 Duplicate expense bills, or copies of expense bills, must 
 in no case be furnished to consignees or , others without 
 authority from the general freight department. Duplicates 
 should be issued only when the originals have been lost or 
 destroyed. The word *♦ Duplicate" must in every instance 
 be noted across the face of duplicates, and copies must be 
 marked ** Copy." 
 
 273. Furnishing expense bill blanlts. 
 
 Expense bill blanks must not be furnished to private 
 individuals or firms, or to any outside parties. 
 
 ♦Sepunitc bills are sometimes made for switchinjf, <lemurru)fe or car Hcrvice 
 charges accruing on shipments at destination. 
 
 FREIGHT UNCLAIMED, UNCALLED FOR OR REFUSED. 
 274. Efforts to be made to secure delivery of property. 
 
 Every exertion should be made to secure the prompt 
 removal of property after arrival at destination. Where con- 
 signees are unknown and cannot be found through the usual 
 post office notices or inquiries of persons likely to be ac- 
 quainted with the inhabitants of the place ; where property 
 remains on hand beyond a reasonable time unclaimed or 
 uncalled for ; or where shipments are refused for reasons 
 other than alleged shortage, damage or overcharge, the facts 
 should be reported to the billing agent* and instructions as to 
 disposal asked for, and a copy of the report sent to the 
 general office. In case the freight is refused, the reasons for 
 refusal, obtained from the consignees in writing if possible, 
 should be given. Cases of refusal of freight on account of 
 alleged shortage, damage or overcharge, should be treated as 
 directed in paragraph 329. The name and proper address 
 of the consignees, when known, should always be given in 
 making reports. If the consignees are not known, it should 
 be so stated. 
 
 When shipments going over more than one line are 
 refused by any carrier en route, and they cannot therefore be 
 forwarded, the facts should at once be reported to the billing 
 agent, and the general office also advised, t 
 
 275. Perishable freight. 
 
 When the consignees of perishable freight cannot be 
 found, or they refuse to accept the property, or it remains on 
 hand beyond a reasonable time unclaimed or uncalled for, 
 the billing agent and the general office should be promptly 
 advised by wire, and instructions asked for, failing to 
 
 ♦Where shipments are billed from points on other lines, these reports should be 
 made to the billing station direct, or throujrh the junction agents, as the rules of the 
 company may require. In many caj-es much delay may l)e avoided by reporting direct. 
 
 + Where freight is thus refused on account of nou-prefiaymcnt of charges, or by 
 reason of the nature of the goods, and in other cases where the circumstances require 
 it, the consignee should also be advised and requested to take such action as may be 
 necessary in the premises, and notified that the property is being held at the rislt of 
 the owner, the company having performed its duty as a common carrier. 
 
 ni 
 
.y_ 
 
 I 12 
 
 FREIGHT UNCLAIMED, UNCALLED FOR OR REFUSED. 
 
 h 
 
 receive which, the agent should dispose of the goods 
 to the best advantage possible, for account of the owner, 
 after consulting with some judicious person in the trade, if 
 practicable, as to the best manner of so doing, remitting the 
 proceeds of the sale in the usual way, as directed by the 
 treasurer, and making a full report to the general freight 
 department. Agents must not allow perishable property to 
 become worthless on their hands. Freight, which it is nec- 
 essary to sell, should not be sold to the consignee for less 
 than the invoice price. (See paragraph 329). When the 
 charges on property sold are guaranteed and a sufficient 
 amount is not realized from the sale to satisfy the charges, 
 the balance should be expensed back on the billing station, 
 or the junction station if coming from a connecting line, 
 after first obtaining the authority of the agent at such station 
 for so doing. If this cannot be done, application should be 
 made to the general office for relief from the amount of 
 charges due. (See paragraph 342). 
 
 276. Action to be taken by billing or forwarding agents. 
 
 Upon receipt of advice that freight is unclaimed, uncalled 
 for or refused, billing or forwarding agents should, unless it 
 be found from the station records, which must be carefully 
 examined, that an error has been made in billing which can 
 be corrected and the matter thereby adjusted, at once notify 
 the consignors, asking for instructions for disposal, and when 
 such instructions are received, see that the receiving agent or 
 the proper office is advised or the necessary action taken 
 without delay. (See paragraph 379). Consignors must also 
 be notified upon receipt of advice that goods have been put 
 in store. (See paragraph 283). 
 
 277. Failure to obtain orders for disposal. 
 
 Agents failing to receive a satisfactory response within a 
 reasonable period to their requests for instructions as to dis- 
 posal of unclaimed, uncalled for or refused freight, should 
 report fully to the general office, stating what steps have . 
 
 STOPPING DELIVERY, CHANGING CONSIGNMENT, ETC. I I 3 
 
 been taken in the matter and asking for instructions. Agents 
 must notify all offices interested, when unclaimed, uncalled 
 for or refused freight has been disposed of. 
 
 STOPPING delivery; CHANGING CONSIGNEE OR DESTINATION; 
 RETURNING OR RESHIPPING FREIGHT, ETC. 
 
 278. Stopping delivery of freight to consignees. 
 
 Agents receiving notice to stop delivery of freight to 
 consignees, should hold the property, or take immediate 
 steps to have it held, subject to the order of the general 
 freight department, the general freight department being 
 advised by wire and the necessary papers procured and 
 promptly forwarded, as directed in paragraph 279. If the 
 papers cannot be procured, the reason should be given. 
 
 279. Changing consignee or destination; returning freight. 
 
 Further directions as to stopping delivery, etc. 
 
 Goods should be considered the property of the con- 
 signee after delivery to the railroad company for transporta- 
 tion and the issuing of receipts, and no change should 
 thereafter be made as to consignee or destination, unless 
 authorized by the general freight department or required by 
 due legal process. When shippers request that goods be 
 returned, that a change be made as to consignee or destina- 
 tion, or that delivery to consignee be stopped, agents should 
 require the surrender of the original shipping receipt or bill 
 of lading, and, when necessary, the execution of a bond of 
 indemnity, and forward all papers, together with a full state- 
 ment of the facts, to the general office for action or approval. 
 Bonds of indemnity should be required where the original 
 shipping receipts or bills of lading cannot be produced, 
 or where it is desired that delivery to consignees be 
 stopped, and in other cases when called for by special 
 instructions. Requests from other agents or from connecting 
 lines that goods be withheld from consignees, that property 
 
r 
 
 I 14 RULES FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE OF AGENTS. 
 
 be returned, or that a change be made as to consignee or 
 destination (unless simply to correct a clerical error in billing, 
 for which the authority of the billing agent is sufficient), 
 should also be referred to the general office. Where it is 
 necessary to send freight to another station owing to its 
 having been wrongly billed, it should be manifested in 
 accordance with special instructions as to the forwarding of 
 freight sent to a wrong destination through an error of the 
 company's agent or of a connecting line, as the case may be. 
 Freight which has been sent to a place where it is not 
 wanted, through an error of shippers, or by their direc- 
 tions, must not be considered "astray freight," and it must 
 be billed at the current rate, unless otherwise directed, if 
 returned or sent on to another station. (See paragraph 195). 
 
 280. Returning or reshipping freight at request of consignees. 
 
 Freight should not be returned to the shippers, or 
 reshipped, at the request of consignees, unless they first pay 
 all charges due thereon, accept delivery, receipting for the 
 property in the usual way, and furnish a regular shipping 
 order consigning the goods to the party to whom they are to 
 go, making it in iill respects a new shipment. The charges 
 on the original shipment must not be manifested as advanced 
 charges and the property returned or reshipped subject 
 thereto, without authority from the general office and the 
 procuring of a satisfactory guarantee for the prompt payment 
 of all charges on arrival at destination. The destination of 
 freight must not be changed in transit at the request of con- 
 signees without authority from the general freight department. 
 
 281. Authority for returning shipments or forwarding to 
 another destination to be shown. Routing. 
 
 The authority for returning shipments or forwarding 
 them to another destination should, in every case, be noted 
 on or attached to the manifests. When goods are returned 
 to the shippers, care should be taken to examine the original 
 billing and send the property 7>ia the same route over which 
 
 FREIGHT STORED.— SEIZED UNDER LEGAL PROCESS. II 5 
 
 it was received, unless otherwise directed, if practicable to so 
 send. Goods ordered sent to another destination should be 
 forwarded by the most feasible route, in the absence of 
 specific directions. 
 
 282. Marking goods returned or reshipped. 
 
 When goods are returned to shippers or forwarded to 
 another destination, they should be marked anew, the origi- 
 nal address being crossed off, but not completely erased. 
 
 283. FREIGHT PUT IN STORE. 
 
 When goods are put in store, the billing agent should be 
 notified, the reason for storing the property being stated and 
 the name of the warehouse given. When consignees can be 
 reached, they should always be notified of the company's 
 intention of putting goods in store, or charging storage, 
 before taking such action.^ When consignees do not use due 
 diligence in the removal of property, the general freight 
 department should be advised. 
 
 284. GOODS SEIZED UNDER LEGAL PROCESS- 
 
 When any freight in the possession of the railroad com- 
 pany is seized under a writ of attachment or replevin, or 
 other legal process, by a sheriff or other officer having proper 
 authority, the agent should secure a copy of the writ from 
 the officer making the seizure, and at once notify the con- 
 signee, consignor, and all parties interested, in order that 
 they may take such action as they may deem proper for the 
 protection of their rights ; all charges due should be collected 
 and a receipt taken for the property from the officer making 
 the seizure, before allowing the goods to be removed from 
 the company's possession. If there should be any question 
 or controversy as to the right of the officer to take possession 
 of the property, or any doubt as to the proper course to 
 
 ♦Notices of arrival usually contain a clause to the effect that if protKjrty is not 
 reuiovea within a specified period, Keuerally twenty-four or fortv-eiffht houi-s it will 
 be stored at the risk and exjKMise of the owner. 
 
! I' 
 
 I 1 6 RULES FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE OF AGENTS. 
 
 pursue, the facts should be immediately telegraphed to the 
 nearest attorney of the company. All cases of seizure of 
 freight under legal process must also be reported to the 
 general freight department by wire, full particulars being 
 forwarded by first mail. 
 
 TRANSPORTATION OF MERCHANDISE IN BOND BETWEEN PORTS 
 
 IN THE UNITED STATES. 
 
 285. By whom carried, etc. 
 
 Merchandise in bond may be carried only by duly bonded 
 common carriers, over such routes as may be designated by 
 the Secretary of the Treasury, and under such conditions as 
 are prescribed by the laws relating thereto and the regula- 
 tions of the Treasury Department. 
 
 286. Entry and transfer from vessel or warehouse, etc. 
 
 The proper entry of goods intended for transportation in 
 bond having been made by the owner, agent or consignee, a 
 delivery permit and directions as to the lading of the prop- 
 erty will be issued by the Collector to the Customs Inspector 
 under whose supervision the shipment is to be made, the 
 transfer from the importing vessel or bonded warehouse to 
 the vessel, car or vehicle of transportation, being made at the 
 expense of the owner, by Customs draymen or lightermen 
 designated by the Collector in the delivery permit ; and the 
 Customs Inspector in charge will take a receipt for the goods 
 on the back of the entry, which receipt must be signed by 
 the duly authorized agent of the common carrier. 
 
 287. Customs manifests. 
 
 In addition to the regular railroad manifests, separate 
 Customs manifests* in triplicate must be prepared by the 
 carrier's agent for each car used for the transportation of 
 merchandise in bond, and certified by the Customs Inspector 
 
 * DeaiRnated as "Carrier's SjM'rial ManilVsta" in Treasury Department Ke^ula- 
 
 tions. 
 
 MERCHANDISE IN BOND, ETC. 
 
 I I 
 
 supervising the shipment, one copy being returned to the 
 carrier and the others retained by the Customs authorities 
 for use at the port of shipment and port of destination. If 
 the route is such that a transshipment is required, a fourth 
 copy of the manifest must be prepared, and certified in the 
 same manner. 
 
 288. Car door fastenings, etc. 
 
 The doors or openings of cars containing merchandise 
 in bond must be secured by such locks, seals or other fasten- 
 ings as may be prescribed by the Secretary of the Treasury, 
 which are to be placed thereon by Customs officers and 
 described in the certificate of lading entered on the manifests. 
 Any unauthorized person removing, injuring, breaking or 
 defacing Customs locks or seals is liable to imprisonment. *t 
 
 * " Any person maliciously opening, breaking, or entering, by any means what- 
 ever, any car, vessel, vehicle, warehouse, or package containing any such merchandise 
 so delivered for transportation, or removing, injuring, breaking, or defacing any 
 lock or seal placed upon such car, vessel, vehicle, warehouse^ or package, or aiding, 
 abetting, or encouraging any other person or persons so to remove, break, injure or 
 deface such locks or seals, or to open, break or enter, such car, vessel, or vehicle, with 
 intent to remove or cause to be removed unlawfully any merchandise therein, or in 
 any manner to injure or defraud the United States ; and any person receiving any 
 merchandise unlawfully removed from any such car. vessel, or vehicle, knowing it to 
 have been so unlawfully removed, shall be guilty of felony, and in addition to any 
 penalties heretofore prescribed shall be punishable by imprisonment for not less than 
 six months nor more than two years."— Sec. 3998, R. S. 
 
 " No railway-car or engine or other vehicle, or team, used by any person or cor- 
 poration, as common carriers, in the transaction of their business as such common 
 carriers, shall be subject to forfeiture by force of the provisions of this title [Title 
 xxxiv, 2517-3129] unless it shall appear that the owner, superintendent, or agent of 
 the owner in charge thereof at the time of such unlawful importation or transportation 
 thereon or thereby was a consenting party, or privy to such illegal importation or 
 transportation "—Sec. 3063, R. S. 
 
 + Transit seals, placed upon cars containing goods not in bond, passing from one 
 point in the United States to another through Canadian territory, may be removed by 
 the carrier at any time after the cars have again reached the United States and been 
 passed by the Customs authorities, the seals then having served their purpose— the 
 prevention of the substitution of goods while the car is passing through foreign ter- 
 ritory. These seals, which are placed upon the cars at the frontier port of exit from 
 the United States, by the Customs authorities, have distinctly imprinted thereon the 
 words, " In Transit." Delay in making delivery at destination sometimes arises through 
 the supposed requirement that " In Transit " seals be removed by Customs officers 
 only, as in the case of bonded freight. Customs seals, placed on cars containing 
 freight in bond, bear the words, "In Bond," and in addition the cars are required to 
 be carded, as described in paragraph 291. 
 
I l8 RULES FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE OF AGENTS. 
 
 289. Record to be kept of car door fastenings. 
 
 Agents must keep a record of all Customs locks or seals 
 placed on cars at their stations, showing lock number and 
 register number, giving a full description of seals, etc. The 
 only cases in which the placing of Customs fastenings upon 
 car doors may be omitted, are where appraised goods are 
 corded and sealed by Customs officers and their transporta- 
 tion under the railroad company's seals authorized, or where 
 the goods are of such a nature that they cannot be loaded in 
 cars which can be sealed. (See paragraph 290.) 
 
 290. Articles on platform or flat cars. 
 
 Dutiable merchandise in bulk, transported on platform or 
 flat cars, must be weighed by a United States Weigher before 
 shipment, and the ascertained weight noted on the Customs 
 manifests, the entry at the port of destination being made 
 for the full quantity thus ascertained. ' Such freight may be 
 transported on cars of this kind only when it is impracticable 
 to load in cars which can be locked or sealed. 
 
 291. Carding cars. 
 
 Cars containing appraised merchandise in bond must be 
 carded at the port of shipment with red cards, 3J by 4.^ 
 inches in size, with the following words printed thereon, in 
 black letters, in the following order : 
 
 UNITED STATES CUSTOMS. 
 
 BONDED MERCHANDISE. 
 APPRAISED. 
 
 Prom 
 
 Departure. Date 18 
 
 To. 
 
 Arrival. Date , 
 
 18 
 
 Notice.— Seals to be removed from this car by Customs officers 
 only. Penalty for violating this rule is imprisonment. 
 
 MERCHANDISE IN BOND, ETC. 
 
 119 
 
 Cars containing unappraised merchandise in bond must 
 be carded at the port of shipment with yellow cards, 6 by 6 
 inches in size, bearing the following inscription : 
 
 UNITED STATES CUSTOMS. 
 
 UNAPPRAISED MERCHANDISE IN BOND. 
 
 From 
 
 Forwarded 18 
 
 To. 
 
 Arrived is 
 
 Notice.— Seals are to be removed from this car by Customs officers 
 only. Any unauthorized person who wilfully breaks, cuts or removes 
 these seals is liable to a fine of $1,000, or imprisonment not exceeding- 
 five years, or both. 
 
 These cards, as described above, which must be fur- 
 nished by the carrier, are required to be placed in close 
 proximity to the doors or openings on which the Customs 
 locks or seals are placed. If the cards become detached and 
 lost in transit, the conductor, agent or other employe of the 
 carrier in charge should see that they are replaced with the 
 least possible delay. 
 
 292. Customs manifests to accompany cars. 
 
 Conductors or agents accepting cars containing bonded 
 merchandise must see that each car is accompanied by a 
 separate Customs manifest, properly certified, in accordance 
 with paragraph 287, which must always be in their posses- 
 sion while the cars are in their charge, being attached to and 
 transmitted with the regular or slip manifests of the railroad 
 company, which must bear notations showing that they are 
 attached. In delivering the manifests to others, receipts 
 must be taken therefor. 
 
I 
 
 •f 
 
 I 20 RULES FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE OF AGENTS. 
 
 293. Examination of car door fastenings, etc. 
 
 Conductors or agents on taking charge of cars contain- 
 ing bonded merchandise must give them a careful examina- 
 tion to determine whether or not the seals or locks are 
 intact and in accordance with the Customs manifests. In 
 case the locks or seals are broken or show signs of having 
 been tampered with, or if there is any discrepancy, the facts 
 should at once be reported to the superintendent, in order 
 that he may notify the nearest Customs officer and have the 
 goods examined, the result noted on the Customs manifest, 
 and the cars resealed or relocked by such officer. Shipments 
 in bond, offered by other lines, should not be received if it is 
 found that there is any discrepancy as to the condition or the 
 description of the fastenings of the cars until the necessary 
 action relative to the examination of the goods, etc., has 
 been taken by such lines. It should also be seen that the 
 cars bear the necessary cards. 
 
 294. Transferring. 
 
 When it is necessary to transfer the contents of cars 
 containing bonded merchandise by reason of the cars having 
 become disabled, or for any other cause, the seals or locks 
 must be removed by a Customs officer, who will supervise the 
 transfer, fasten the cars in which the goods are reloaded, and 
 certify to the facts on the Customs manifest. In case there is 
 no Customs officer at the point where the transfer is to be 
 made, the conductor or agent in charge should at once com- 
 municate with the superintendent, by wire, in order that the 
 attendance of the proper official may be arranged for. If, 
 however, a fire or other accident occurs on the road, the 
 nature of which requires immediate action in order to save 
 the goods, and it is impossible to secure the attendance of a 
 Customs officer, the locks or seals may be removed from the 
 car by the conductor, agent or wreckmaster in charge and 
 the contents transferred to another car or to a suitable place 
 of safe-keeping, the condition of the fastenings, lock number 
 
 MERCHANDISE IN BOND, ETC. 
 
 121 
 
 and register number, or the kind of seals and impressions 
 thereon, the condition of the goods, (which must be carefully 
 examined and checked), and any discrepancy found to exist, 
 being noted on the Customs manifest and an affidavit made 
 by the person removing the fastenings and supervising the 
 transfer, stating the circumstances under which the fasten- 
 ings were removed and giving the full particulars, which 
 affidavit, together with the broken locks or seals, must 
 accompany the Customs manifests to the port of destina- 
 tion, unless otherwise directed by the Customs authorities, 
 the attendance of a Customs officer being secured to give 
 such directions as may be necessary, examine the goods, 
 certify to his finding on the Customs manifest, and fasten the 
 car in which the property is reloaded, when it may again be 
 sent forward, the goods being carefully guarded in the 
 meantime.^ 
 
 295. Loading free and bonded goods in same car. 
 
 Free goods may be placed in the same car with goods 
 in bond when such goods are destined to the same point, or 
 where the free goods are destined to a port or place beyond 
 the destination of the bonded freight, but not otherwise ; the 
 cars to be fastened and carded in accordance with para- 
 graphs 288 and 291. • 
 
 296. Arrival at destination or port of entry. Delivery. 
 
 On the arrival of bonded freight at destination or the 
 proper port of entry, the conductor or agent should report to 
 the Collector the fact that the goods have arrived, and 
 deliver to him the Customs manifest in order that he may 
 compare it with the manifest and other documents forwarded 
 to him by the Customs officials at port of shipment, have the 
 car door fastenings examined by an Inspector, and take such 
 further action as may be necessary. The fact that freight is 
 
 * Thesecurintf of the attendance of a Customs officer should in no case be omitted 
 except where the Customs authorities rule, on being: notified of the facts, that the 
 property may be sent on to the port of destination or to a point where there is a Customs 
 olflcer without such special attendance. 
 
I 22 RULES FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE OF AGENTS. 
 
 in bond and placed in charge of the Customs authorities does 
 not affect the railroad company's lien for freight charges, and 
 the importer or consignee cannot obtain possession of the 
 property until the freight charges have been paid or secured 
 provided the Customs authorities have been duly notified in 
 writing, of the existence of the lien. 
 
 "**'■ ""cJsTomschr"''"" "'""o""" "»"<» to be Shown. 
 \/UStom8 charges. 
 
 All receipts, manifests, expense bills, or other papers in 
 connection with bonded freight, should be marked -In 
 Bond." Care must be taken in manifesting to see that 
 all private marks, numbers or brands which the property 
 may bear are given, as well as the name and address 
 of the consignee. Customs charges (not duties) paid by the 
 railroad company should, unless otherwise directed, be entered 
 on the railroad manifests and collected from consignees. 
 
 CANADIAN MERCHANDISE IN TRANSIT THROUGH THE 
 UNITED STATES. (Treasury Reoulat.onsO 
 
 "CIRCULAR. 
 
 MODIFYINC; DEPARTMENT REGULATIONS OP MARCH 30. 1875 GOVERN- 
 
 7iiz::zT:r::r °*' ^^'^^■^"'^ MKHCHANt,isE%rouoH 
 
 1884. 
 
 Department No. 68. 
 
 Socretarj's Office— (S. A.) 
 
 IVas/iington, D. C, May 2, 1884. 
 ' ' To Collectors and other Officers of the Customs : 
 
 "The following regulations of the Canadian Government 
 governing the transportation of merchandise in transit through 
 the territory of the United States, having been submitted by 
 the British Minister, through the Department of State for the 
 consideration and approval of this Department, and' having 
 been so approved, are published for the information of cus- 
 toms officers : 
 
 MERCHANDISE IN BOND, ETC. 
 
 123 
 
 treasury 'b^x>axim^xKi^ 
 
 Regulations for the transportation of goods in transit through 
 
 the United States. \ 
 
 "I. Goods of domestic origin, duty paid or free of duty, 
 may be transported from one port to another of Canada over 
 the territory of the United States, with the consent of the 
 proper United States authorities, by routes duly designated 
 and bonded for such purpose. 
 
 "Cars must be specially appropriated for such transpor- 
 tation, placed under customs lock, and sealed by an officer 
 of the customs at the port of departure in Canada, and 
 remain thus fastened and sealed until they shall have passed 
 through such foreign territory and again arrived in Canada, 
 when all goods of domestic origin, duty paid or free, may be 
 released from further customs surveillance. 
 
 '• Railroad-iron, sugar and molasses in hogsheads, and all 
 other merchandise in bulk, which is incapable of being put 
 in locked cars, may be transported on platform-cars, duly 
 corded and sealed. 
 
 *' 2. Imported goods in bond may be transported in like 
 manner, under the usual transportation entry and bond. 
 
 "3. The owner or shipper must, before the merchandise 
 is laden, present to the Collector at the port of departure 
 manifests, in triplicate, for each car, subscribed by the proper 
 agent of the railroad or other company, which shall be pre- 
 pared by the said company at the port of departure, and 
 shall contain a particular description of the merchandise by 
 packages, marks, numbers, and contents ; the ports of desti- 
 nation, to whom consigned, and the route over which the 
 transportation is to be made, distinguishing articles that are 
 of native from those of foreign growth, production, or manu- 
 facture, and those free of duty or duty paid from goods in 
 bond subject to duty. The manifest shall be in the follow- 
 ing form : 
 
fl 
 
 I 24 RULES FOR INFORMATION ikND GUIDANCE 
 
 OF AGENTS. 
 
 (form.) 
 .S>vV,/ Ma>,i/.s/ of Merchandise in transit tl.ronsh the 
 
 United States. 
 
 Port of 
 
 -. 1 8- 
 
 ♦ ' We certify that the following described merchandise has 
 
 been laden on car No. , of the . railroad, at 
 
 for transportation to , across forei^^n territory, by way 
 
 of , and that said car has been duly secured with 
 
 customs seal (or) lock : 
 
 Marks. 
 
 NumlK'rs. 
 
 PHcktiKt's. 
 
 CONTENTS. 
 
 Articles. Free or In bond. 
 
 Consitrnor. 
 
 Consitfnee 
 
 A^enl of Railroad Company. 
 
 [SEAL.] 
 
 -, Collcctcyr. 
 
 Laniliug Waiter. 
 
 "4. The landing waiter, charged with the lading and 
 seahng of cars, shall see that manifests are provided for each 
 car. and that they are correct by an actual comparison with 
 the lading. He shall then seal the car. certify each of the 
 triplicate manifests, deliver one to the conductor of the car 
 and immediately return the other two to the custom-house' 
 One of such manifests shall be filed at the custom-house, and 
 the other, verified by the signature and official seal of the 
 Collector, forwarded by the first mail to the Collector of the 
 port of entry where the car is expected to re-enter Canada. 
 Care will be taken to score with lines the blank portion of 
 each manifest, so that no additional articles can be interpo- 
 lated after signin^^ 
 
 MERCHANDISE IN BOND, ETC. 
 
 125 
 
 " 5. On arrival at the frontier port of exit from Canada, 
 the manifest accompanying the car shall be presented to the 
 Collector, who shall cause the fastenings and seals of the car 
 to be examined, and if they appear intact he shall so certify, 
 with the date on the manifest, and return the same to the 
 conductor. 
 
 "6. On arrival at the first port in Canada after the 
 transit, a careful examination must be made of the seals and 
 other fastenings, and the seals having been removed, the 
 contents of the cars shall be unladen and carefully compared 
 with the manifest received from the port of departure, as 
 well as with the copy accompanying the goods, except as 
 hereinafter provided. 
 
 ' ' If the car arrived at such port before the manifest sent 
 by mail, the contents of the car will be compared with the 
 manifest accompanying it, and that manifest, with the copy 
 subsequently received by mail. 
 
 "If found correct, the merchandise will, if in bond, be 
 forwarded to its destination to be rewarehoused in like man- 
 ner as other goods transported in bond, or if not in bond, 
 delivered to the consignee. The officer who compares the 
 manifest with the merchandise will certify the result on the 
 back of one of the manifests, and the Collector will return 
 the other with a similar certificate to the Collector from 
 whom it issued. 
 
 '* If the merchandise does not correspond with the mani- 
 fest, if the seals be lost or broken, or if the packages, cars, 
 or seals appear to have been tampered with, the goods will 
 be detained, if the circumstances justify it, for seizure and 
 condemnation. In ordinary cases a comparison by marks 
 and numbers will be sufficient, but if there be any well- 
 grounded suspicion of fraud, the examination will extend to 
 the contents of packages. 
 
 ♦'7. Cars may pass to a port of destination not on the 
 frontier without being unladen or opened, if a careful exami- 
 
it IBM- |. 
 
 Ir li 
 
 I 26 RULES FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE OF AGENTS 
 
 iom, for i„.,ruc,i„„. ' '" "" =«"■■»"«»»' «' Cu- 
 
 States: customs officers of the United 
 
 United^l'T '?/■■'"" '^'""•^" ^"'^'^ ^* ^ f'-°"tier port of the 
 or to'rr„ 'tt,"7"'7'' ^^"^'''^" seals, Lanifes 
 
 Shan he «,edwith the CoC:!" ^T^^^-J^lr^i^ 
 there is no reason to doubt thut th^ r ' " 
 
 ....en,e„, „, ,h. cent;,' „,' 'h. tr""!:!"''."' " ''" 
 
 copy wi„ b, d.„ver.d ,„ ,k. cordJCor":, the „:* """ °" 
 
 the manifest. If the seals are found to be intact and h 
 .s no reasonable ..ound for suspicion that such seals h " 
 been tampered with .„ ..„,,, he shall perm t he a to ^ 
 orw r, , ^^^^ ^^^^ the'mani est o oicf 
 
 and file the manifest or invoice in his office. ' 
 
 •' If the seals are broken on arrival at the port of exit 
 
 MERCHANDISE IN BOND, ETC. 
 
 127 
 
 CANADIAN REGULATIONS REGARDING TRANSPORTATION 
 
 OF DUTIABLE GOODS IN OR THROUGH CANADA. 
 
 (Effective May 1st, 1883.) 
 
 (( 
 
 ORDKR IN COUNCIL. 
 
 REGULATIONS RESPECTING TRANSPORTING, MANIFESTING AND REPORT- 
 ING DUTIABLE GOODS BY RAILWAY IN OR THROUGH CANADA. 
 
 "I. All goods removed in Bond ex-warehouse under 
 Removal Entry when the transportation is intended to be 
 partly through a foreign country shall be manifested to the 
 Customs Port of destination in Canada, and one copy shall 
 be forwarded by mail to the Frontier port of exit to be there 
 recorded and remailed without delay to the port of desti- 
 nation. 
 
 •• 2. All goods exported in Bond, ex-warehouse or other- 
 wise, shall be manifested to the Frontier port of exit, from 
 Canada, but the foreign port of destination shall be recorded 
 on the face of the manifest. 
 
 *'3. All goods forwarded from one port in Canada to 
 another, under Frontier or general bond, shall be forwarded 
 under manifest. 
 
 "4. All goods received at Frontier ports, to be forwarded 
 under bond to other ports in Canada, shall be forwarded to 
 the ports of destination under manifest. 
 
 '•5. Manifests shall be in such form as maybe prescribed 
 by the Minister of Customs, who shall also direct the infor- 
 mation to be given therein. 
 
 * * 6. Manifests shall be made in triplicate for each car, one 
 copy to be attached to the way bill and forwarded therewith 
 to the Customs port of destination, one to be forwarded to 
 the same port by mail or first train, and the third copy to be 
 retained on file at the sending port, provided that instead of 
 a third copy of separate car manifest a general or train mani- 
 fest may be substituted, to be kept on file at the sending 
 port. 
 
128 RULES FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE OF AGENTS. 
 
 Which' Lv'Lrt;;:rthTL"ira:; '-''-'' *° -^• 
 
 CustotVoffi " "''P' '" ^'^^ P'^^^"« °f - Canadian 
 Customs Officer, except as hereinafter provided. 
 
 " 8. In the case of accidents between stations, where an 
 
 officer cannot be procured to supervise the transfe , the con" 
 
 ductor shall rnake and subscribe to a declaration to h effect 
 
 hat he goods described in the manifest have been trans 
 
 erred under his supervision from the wrecked or damaged 
 
 car, giving the No., etc., to car No.- using the forms pro 
 
 d^ittr "^'^^"°" ^° '^ ^°— -• '^ -^ -rbiKTo- 
 
 "9- A separate consecutive number must be given at 
 sending ports to manifests for each port of destination ; where 
 there ,s more than one station at such ports, under charge of 
 different officers, from which manifests may be forwarded 
 the ser,es o numbers at each station to be kept distinct by 
 
 station at which such manifests are made. Manifests of 
 foreign goods in transit through Canada must be separately 
 recorded at^the ports of entrance and departure. 
 
 '•10. Duplicate and triplicate manifests must be com- 
 pared w.th the original and with the way bill, before being 
 forwarded ; and the way bill numbers must be shewn on h! 
 manifest. 
 
 - 1 1. Manifests are to be recorded at the receiving ports 
 with consecutive numbers in the order of their arrival with 
 ships or other Reports Inwards, and the sending port num 
 bers also recorded. When the packages are all checked o"t 
 of the cars the manifests are to be receipted and one copy 
 returned to the sending port, the receiving port number anj 
 the entry or re-manifest number and stamp of the port being 
 
 MERCHANDISE IN BOND, ETC. 
 
 129 
 
 first placed thereon, with overs and shorts, if any, marked on 
 both copies. All manifests received are to be returned to 
 sending port within thirty days from date of reception as 
 . above, but if any goods received have not been entered the 
 item must be marked with the number of the unclaimed list 
 or the page of the book in which account of the unclaimed 
 goods is kept. 
 
 '* 12. Transit manifests are to be cancelled at the frontier 
 port of exit by the officer whose duty it is to see that the cars 
 have passed out* with unbroken seals, and, if any seals are 
 found broken or the car bears evidence of having been tam- 
 pered with in Canada, the officer shall satisfy himself as to 
 the correctness of the contents by a comparison of the pack- 
 ages with the manifest. 
 
 "13. Manifests must be legibly filled in with ink ; in no 
 case is a pencil of any kind to be used for the purpose. 
 
 * ' 1 4. Excise goods when removed or exported by Railway 
 under Customs supervision must be manifested in same man- 
 ner as Customs goods, but such excise goods must be delivered 
 to the Customs Officer by the proper Officer of Excise with a 
 removal entry or warrant, otherwise they are not to be taken 
 
 charge of by Customs Officers. 
 
 • 
 
 * * 1 5 . Enquiries as to goods short received should be made 
 by officers of both receiving and sending ports, as both are 
 responsible for the due discharge of all goods called for by 
 manifest. 
 
 *' 16. Should receipted manifests not be received within 
 30 days after the forwarding of the goods, the Collector of 
 the sending port will cause a copy of the missing manifest to 
 be sent to the port in arrear, with request that it may be 
 returned with receipt or explanation. 
 
 "17. Each Canadian Railway Company, before being • 
 permitted to manifest goods in bond, shall enter into a gen- 
 eral bond to be duly executed in the penal sum of eighty 
 
I 30 RULES FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE OF AGENTS. 
 
 thousand dollars conditional for the due and faithful produc- 
 tion at the respective ports of destination in Canada of all 
 packages passing over such road under manifest, and for the 
 general compliance with the Customs laws and regulations 
 governmg such traffic. 
 
 'M8. All Railway Companies shall provide secure and 
 commodious sufferance warehouses, and other necessary 
 premises, in connection with their stations at every Customs 
 port or out-port, for landing, storing, transferring, delivering 
 and forwardmg bonded goods ; also, suitable office accom- 
 modation, with fuel and light, for the Officers of Customs 
 appointed to attend such stations. All such premises to be 
 made secure to the satisfaction of the Collector or proper 
 Officer of Customs. 
 
 "19. Loading, transferring or landing bonded goods 
 before or after regular Customs hours, or on Sundays or legal 
 holidays, shall only be permitted upon application to the Col- 
 lector or proper Officer of Customs, and Railway Companies 
 shall pay such sum or sums for the extra services of Officers 
 either weekly or monthly, appointed to attend to such duty to 
 the Collector of the port, as may be considered fair and reason- 
 able ; but no such money shall be paid by any Railway Com- 
 pany to any Officer of Customs, except through the Collector 
 of the port, who will in every case give his receipt for the same. 
 
 "20. All goods under bond, in charge of any Railway 
 should have preference over other goods, and be promptly 
 landed in presence of the Officers of Customs in attendance. 
 
 *'2i. Such locks, seals or other fastenings for freight cars 
 as may be approved by the Minister of Customs shall be pro- 
 vided by the Customs Department, and furnished for use of 
 Railway Companies at their expense. 
 
 ''22. All former Regulations inconsistent with the fore- 
 going are hereby cancelled. 
 
 "PRIVY COUNCIL. 
 
 "Ottawa, 19th March, 1883." 
 
 LIVE STOCK. 
 
 297. Conditions under which carried. 
 
 Live stock is carried under special contract only, and 
 must in all cases be "released," unless otherwise author- 
 ized by the general freight or live stock department. 
 
 298. Responsibility for loss or damage. 
 
 The railroad company will not assume responsibility 
 for any damage that animals may do to themselves or to 
 each other ; nor for injury or loss resulting from the over- 
 loading of cars, excessive crowding, exhaustion, suffocation, 
 heat or cold, or which may arise from delay to trains ; nor 
 for stock escaping, unless properly secured when placed in 
 the car. 
 
 299. Owners to load, unload and care for, etc. 
 
 The owners are required to load and unload live stock 
 and care for it while at stations and en route, at their own 
 risk and expense, with such assistance from the agents of 
 the railroad company as they may be able to render. The 
 expense of feeding and watering, if advanced by the railroad 
 company, must be paid by the owner or consignee upon 
 delivery of the stock at destination, in addition to transpor- 
 tation charges. Agents should see that parties offering stock 
 for shipment understand that the responsibility of the rail- 
 road company does not begin until the animals are placed in 
 the car, and that it is to cease upon the arrival of the car at 
 its destination, or upon its delivery to a connecting line. 
 Care must be taken to see that men in charge have proper 
 facilities for taking care of stock while at stations and in 
 transit. 
 
 300. Time not guaranteed. 
 
 The agents of the railroad company are not authorized 
 to agree that live stock shall be forwarded by any particular 
 train, or that delivery shall be made within any specified 
 
 131 
 

 132 RULES FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE OF AGENTS. 
 
 time, or in time for any particular market or event or to 
 sign receipts or contracts containing such a guarantee ; nor 
 will the railroad company assume responsibility for any loss or 
 damage which may arise by reason of the refusal, failure or 
 inability of a connecting line to receive or forward stock after 
 tender of delivery has been made. 
 
 30 i. Execution of contracts. * 
 
 Live stock contracts should be executed in duplicate both 
 copies being made out in the same manner, signed by the 
 agent of the railroad company and by the owner of the 
 stock, or his authorized agent, and properly witnessed. One 
 copy should be marked -Original" and the other -Dupli- 
 cate," the original being retained on file by the agent of the 
 railroad company, unless otherwise directed, and the dupli- 
 cate given to the shipper or the man in charge. Contracts 
 should not be issued beyond the company's own line unless 
 the issuing of joint contracts in connection with other lines 
 be authorized. • 
 
 302. Not to be receipted for until loaded. 
 
 Live stock must not be receipted for, or contracts signed, 
 until the loading has been completed. 
 
 303. Receiving late In week. 
 
 Where regular Sunday running arrangements are not in 
 effect, agents should not receive live stock for shipment so late 
 in the week that it cannot go through to its ultimate desti- 
 nation before Sunday, except when the stock is in charge of 
 the owner or his agent, and he fully understands that the car 
 may necessarily lie over short of destination during that day 
 Before live stock is loaded it must be known that the train 
 on which it is designed to forward the car will stop at the 
 ^^^^^^" ^Q ^hich it is to be forwarded, and if necessary in 
 
 *On some roads the live atock contract answers the purpose of both a bill of 
 
 adingrand a release; on other roads, regular shipping receipt^ o^WlIs of lading -^ 
 
 ssued With the necessary notations as to valuation, etc., andin add „„ ti^'^Lr 
 
 tion of a contract (or release) is required. «uuii-ic>n uic execu- 
 
 LIVE STOCK. 
 
 133 
 
 order to insure its being taken, the train despatcher should 
 be advised by wire that it is to go. If it is found that a ship- 
 ment will probably arrive at destination at night, or at an 
 unusual hour, the agent should be advised, so that there may 
 be some one in attendance to make delivery. 
 
 304. Valuable race-horses, etc. 
 
 Very valuable race-horses, stallions or other high-priced 
 animals should not be accepted for shipment without first 
 communicating with the general office. 
 
 306. Fancy stock. Live poultry. * 
 
 Very valuable calves, sheep, lambs, hogs or other fancy 
 stock, requiring more than ordinary care, should be shipped 
 in cages or crates, or boxed. Agents should recommend the 
 forwarding of such stock by express. When animals are 
 shipped in boxes or other enclosures it should be seen that 
 the boxes, etc., are of suitable size, well ventilated, and ■ 
 otherwise comfortable, and that the necessary provision is 
 made by the shipper or owner for food and water while in 
 transit ; this will also apply to shipments of live poultry. En- 
 closures must be large enough to enable animals or fowls to 
 stand erect. 
 
 306. Vicious or spirited animals. 
 
 Animals which are known to be vicious or so spirited 
 that they cannot safely be placed alongside of other stock, 
 should not be received for transportation unless a special 
 arrangement be made for space. 
 
 307. Use of entire car required. 
 
 When the owners or men in charge of live stock request 
 the use of an entire car for a shipment, or a shipment is 
 loaded in such a way or is of such a peculiar nature that the 
 use of an entire car is required, the carload charge should be 
 made, even though there may be but one animal to go. 
 Where cattle, hogs or other stock are so heavy or so fat as 
 
I 34 RULES FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE OF AGENTS. 
 
 to require extra space for their transportation, the carload 
 charge should be made for every car occupied, without 
 regard to the number of animals loaded therein. 
 
 308. Cars not to be overloaded. 
 
 Agents should carefully estimate the average weight of 
 animals offered for shipment in carloads, and see that not 
 more than the proper number are loaded in each car. When 
 double-deck cars are used, it must be seen that the weight is 
 properly distributed and not too great a load placed upon the 
 upper deck. - 
 
 309. Men in charge. 
 
 Live stock should not be received for transportation 
 unless accompanied by a competent person in charge, except 
 when otherwise authorized. The transportation of men in 
 charge of and accompanying live stock, will be in accordance 
 with special instructions and the rules of the classification. 
 
 310. Marking. 
 
 When live stock from more than one shipper or for 
 more than one consignee is loaded in the same car, or in a 
 way car, each animal should bear a distinguishing mark.* 
 
 311. Examination of cars. 
 
 Cars which are to be used for live stock should be care- 
 fully examined by agents before loading, or before they are 
 assigned to shippers for loading, to see that they are in safe 
 running condition, that there are no protruding nails or spikes ; 
 that there are no loose boards or broken slats; and that 
 the floors, doors and fastenings are in good order. When 
 necessary, as a precaution against escape, strong boards 
 should be nailed across the inside of doorways, to a proper 
 
 * A tag securely fastened to the halter, will be sufflcient for horses or mules. Upon 
 cattle or small stock, one or more initial letters should be marked upon the side of 
 each head of stock. Upon calves the marks should be clipped or shaved. Correspond- 
 ing: initials should be placed opposite the name of consigrnee on the way bill or mani- 
 fest, so as to insure correct and prompt delivery at point of destination.— Oi»ctol 
 Classification. 
 
 LIVE STOCK. 
 
 135 
 
 height, and sufficiently close together to prevent the stock 
 from getting through them. After loading and before 
 departure from the station, the cars must be examined and 
 care taken to see that the cross bars are properly placed, and 
 that the doors are securely fastened. Live stock should not 
 be loaded in cars which have been used for the transporta- 
 tion of lime or salt in bulk, unless the cars shall first have 
 been thoroughly cleaned. 
 
 3 1 2. Loading different kinds of stock in same car. 
 
 Different kinds of live stock must not be loaded in the 
 same car unless separated by substantial partitions, erected 
 at the risk and expense of the owner. Hogs or sheep must 
 in no case be loaded under cattle. 
 
 313. Doubie-deckingor partitioning cars. 
 
 The double-decking of single deck cars must not be 
 allowed without special permission ; and the expense, and 
 the risk of any damage that may result from defective con- 
 struction or by reason of the animals being overcrowded or 
 heated in consequence of the double-decking, must be 
 assumed by the owner of the stock ; the same charge should 
 be made for such cars as for regular double-deck cars, unless 
 otherwise provided. The assumption by owners of the risk 
 and expense of double-decking or partitioning cars should in 
 every case be noted on receipts, contracts and manifests. 
 
 3 1 4. Partitions and decks to be properly constructed. 
 
 Agents must see that the partitions and decks placed in 
 cars are properly and safely constructed, and in such a way 
 as not to interfere with the movement of the car doors or the 
 loading and unloading of the stock. 
 
 3 1 0. Loading in cars containing merchandise. 
 
 Live stock must not be loaded in a car with merchan- 
 dise, or goods of any kind, unless separated from it by a sub- 
 stantial partition, or otherwise so secured as to admit of no 
 
 JL 
 
I 36 RULES FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE OF AGENTS. 
 
 possible damage to either from contact with the other. When 
 in less than carloads, all animals should be properly tied or 
 secured, whether there is any merchandise in the car or not, 
 and agents will be held strictly accountable for any neglect 
 of this precaution. 
 
 316. Assisting in ioadingand unloading; oountinganimals. 
 
 Agents must render shippers, under their direction, all 
 the assistance they reasonably can in loading and unloading 
 live stock, see that the cars are not overloaded or excessively 
 crowded, and, as far as practicable, ascertain by actual count 
 the number of animals loaded in each car. 
 
 3 1 7. Numberof animals to be shown by receipts, contracts, etc. 
 
 The number of animals and kind of Hve stock loaded in 
 each car should be entered on receipts, contracts and mani- 
 , fests ; when shipments are in carloads or when it is imprac- 
 ticable to ascertain the number by actual count, the shipper 
 should be required to state the number and it should be 
 entered with the specification "More or less, shipper's 
 count." It should also be shown whether single or double- 
 deck cars are used. 
 
 318. Names of consignors and consignees to be given. 
 
 The full names of both consignors and consignees of 
 live stock should in every case be shown in receipts, con- 
 tracts and manifests ; initials only are not sufficient. 
 
 310. Valuation. 
 
 The maximum valuation under which live stock is car- 
 ried and upon which the rates are based, must be noted 
 upon receipts, contracts and manifests. 
 
 320. Marks to be entered on receipts, contracts and manifests. 
 
 Any distinguishing marks which stock may bear should 
 be entered upon receipts, contracts and manifests. 
 
 321. Advanced charges. 
 
 Charges advanced upon shipments of live stock must be 
 entered upon receipts, contracts and manifests. 
 
 LIVE STOCK. 
 
 137 
 
 322. Notations. 
 
 The notation " Live stock " should be made on the out- 
 side of live stock manifests, in red ink. 
 
 323. Timeof loading to be shown. 
 
 The time of loading should be entered on the outside of 
 live stock manifests by forwarding agents, and when the stock 
 is unloaded at any station in transit for rest, water and feed- 
 ing, the agent at such station should note under the original 
 notation the time of reloading. Live stock must not be 
 allowed to remain in the cars for a longer period than pro- 
 vided for by law* without being unloaded for rest, water and 
 feeding ; when stock is delivered to other lines at junction 
 points without passing through stock-yards, or unloading 
 from cars, agents should note on the transfer manifests 
 the time of loading as shown by the last notation on the 
 manifests. Regular manifests must in every case accompany 
 shipments of live stock. 
 
 324. Stock transferred or unloaded In transit. 
 
 When live stock is transferred in transit for any purpose, 
 agents should see that a notation is made on the contract in 
 the possession of the party in charge, and on the manifest, 
 showing the time, place and cause of transfer. One or more 
 animals should not be taken out of one carload of live stock 
 and placed in another car, unless both carloads are shipped 
 by and consigned to the same party, and, in the latter case, 
 when such a transfer is made, a notation should be made on 
 the contract and manifest, explaining the transaction. Stock 
 unloaded en route, for rest, water and feeding, should, when 
 practicable, be reloaded in the same cars from which un- 
 loaded. 
 
 325. Expense of feeding and watering. 
 
 Where the expense of feeding and watering stock in 
 transit is advanced by the railroad company, a separate 
 
 ♦ See Appendix. 
 
i 
 
 h i 
 
 I 
 
 I 38 RULES FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE OF AGENTS. 
 
 manifest, giving car number, initials, and full particulars 
 should be n^ade therefor to the point at which collection 1 
 • Z^l '"^J^- ^"'^.the amount (with a reference to the mani- 
 fest by wh,ch .t ,s covered) entered in red ink on the origi- 
 
 r, h u k" '^' '•''P'"'"*' *° "^'^'^ 'he additional mani- 
 fest should be attached. 
 
 326. Animals left in transit. 
 
 When crippled or dead animals are unloaded and left in 
 ransit notations should be made on the contract and on the 
 
 sto'c? T Tf^""'' '" *"''' showing the number, and kind of 
 stock, why left, name of station, and date, so that the short- 
 age may be properly accounted for on arrival at destina- 
 lon. An.mals should not, when avoidable, be unloaded 
 from cars except at destination or at the regular stock-yards 
 designated by the company. . ^ 
 
 327. Hay, straw, etc., loading in cars containing stock. 
 
 The loading in open stock cars of hay, straw, or other ' 
 combust^le articles for feed or bedding for live stock while in 
 transit should m no case be allowed, and when put in box cars 
 all risk of damage to stock which may arise from the burn- 
 ing of such material or from fire traceable to such loading 
 must be assumed by the shipper or the owner of the stock 
 Sand, sawdust or tan should be used for bedding. 
 
 328. Delivery. Discrepancies. Steele refused or uncalled for 
 
 Cars containing live stock should be placed for unload- 
 ing as quickly as possible after arrival at destination, and the 
 shipments checked with the manifests at the time of unload 
 ing. the animals being carefully counted and examined and 
 any discrepancy or damage discovered promptly reported to 
 the forwarding agent and the general office. When more 
 animals are received than billed, the surplus number should 
 be retained until instructions are received as to disposition 
 When animals are thus retained, or when shipments are 
 refused or uncalled for by consignees, or cannot for any other 
 
 LIVE STOCK. 
 
 139 
 
 reason be delivered, they should be carefully cared for until 
 delivery can be made or instructions are received as to further 
 disposition, any expense incurred being charged against the 
 property. If agents have not the proper facilities for taking 
 care of the stock they should not allow it to suffer damage 
 from the lack of proper attention, but should have it taken 
 care of by some responsible party, who should be instructed 
 to make delivery only upon the payment of all charges, in- 
 cluding the charge of the care-taker, and the presentation of 
 a written order from the railroad company for such deliv- 
 ery, and the signing of a proper receipt for the property. 
 Cattle, sheep, hogs or calves which are so injured as to be 
 worthless except for the butcher or market-man, and which 
 are not taken charge of by consignees or their represent- 
 atives, should be sold to the best advantage possible, and 
 the proceeds remitted as directed by the treasurer, a full 
 report being made to the general office. Dead animals not 
 taken by consignees should also be disposed of. Consignees 
 should, if possible, in every case be induced to accept injured 
 animals, when they may present claim if they consider the 
 railroad company liable, a claim being in no way invalidated 
 by the receiving of their property. (See paragraph 329). 
 All cases of refusal of stock, or of stock remaining on hand 
 uncalled for, should at once be reported to the billing agent 
 and the general office by wire, and instructions asked for. 
 
 1 
 
 i\ 
 
 h 
 
 1 
 
i i) 
 
 CLAIMS. 
 
 328. Refusal or consignees to receive property clalmln.. « 
 
 Charge, deficiency or damage. °'"'*1'''""""'"8 «>»•'- 
 
 When consignees refuse to pay charges and receive 
 freight on arrival at destination, on account of alleged oTr 
 charge, deficiency or damage, seemingly forgetting or not" 
 fully understanding that the property is their own. anStha 
 
 tTonTnd th ' f "''°" l^' ""''' °' '^' goods at destina- 
 lon and the allowance of a reasonable time for removal and 
 
 that the recewmg of their property would in no wayta^ 
 
 date ,,.„, ,he agent should explain the matter to them o 
 
 hat they may act understandingly. accept the freight and 
 
 save ,t from any damage which may occur after t!nd'er "f 
 
 clZl\lV:r "^'^ '"' '°' "^''^'^ ^'^^ -"-^d company 
 
 the"; risk ad "'P^""''^- ^"^ '^°- "^-"g P"t in store at 
 their risk and expense ; and advise them that the railroad 
 
 company will under no circumstances pay for the good and 
 re a.„ them, but that, when the property's taken away th^y 
 may present cla.m. which will be forwarded to the general 
 office without delay and adjudged in accordance w'h the 
 merits of the case ; agents, however, must not admi that 
 the company ,s liable, or promise the payment of dai^s 
 without authority from the general office.'as it is only af'T a 
 proper investigation that the facts can be fully determined 
 and the position of the company definitely ascerta ned if 
 consignees persist in their refusal of the property the receiv 
 mg agent should take charge of it and at one; report th." 
 facts to the billing station and the general office g""^:;' i' 
 erence to billing, the reasons assigned by consignees Tor 
 refusal and the actual condition of the goods, if rmled 
 and asking that orders for disposal . be furnished. The name 
 and address of the consignees should in every case be gJven 
 In reporting to the general office, the value of the goods 
 
 140 
 
 CLAIMS. 
 
 141 
 
 should be stated, estimates being procured from competent 
 parties as to their value in case of damage (if the actual value 
 cannot be ascertained), and the actual extent of the damage. 
 
 330. Examination and report to be made in case of damage 
 
 or shortage. 
 
 When articles or packages show any signs of damage or 
 shortage, or of having been tampered with, a prompt and 
 careful examination must be made and all the facts in con- 
 nection with the case determined as accurately as possible, a 
 full report being made and a record kept for reference in the 
 event of the presentation of claim, as directed in para- 
 graph 246. 
 
 331. Preparation of clalnns. 
 
 When claims are presented to agents, they should receive 
 and prepare them for examination, procuring from the claim- 
 ants such papers as may be required (see paragraphs 335-342), 
 together with a statement of the facts upon which the claims 
 are based, attaching copies of manifests or statements of bill- 
 ing to or from their stations, as the case may be, and sub- 
 mitting them to the general office with as complete informa- 
 tion as possible as to all the particulars having a bearing 
 upon the case. If the original shipping receipts or bills of 
 lading, expense bills, etc., cannot be furnished, the reason 
 must be given. When copies of original invoices are to accom- 
 pany claims, in lieu of the originals, they should be exam- 
 ined and compared with the originals by the agent of the 
 railroad company, and certified to by him if found correct. 
 Where the invoices, or certified copies, deemed necessary for 
 the proper determination of a claim cannot be furnished, the 
 agent should, if practicable, examine the accounts of the 
 claimants and certify to his finding as to the correctness of 
 the bill. If not fully satisfied as to the correctness of a bill, 
 the agent should require that the claim be supported by 
 affidavits. 
 
■'I ' i 
 
 1 42 RULES FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE OF AGENTS. 
 332. Unjust clarms, etc. 
 
 It is the duty of agents to discourage the presentation of 
 claims known to be unjust, or which are founded upon a mis- 
 conception of the duties and responsibilities of the railroad 
 company as a common carrier, or of the conditions under 
 which the freight is received for transportation, thus saving 
 the claimants disappointment and the general office unnec 
 essary labor. 
 
 333. Correction of overcharges by agents. 
 
 Overcharges owing to errors in billing, should be cor- 
 rected by agents, if possible, in accordance with the instruc- 
 tions of the auditor, the necessary correction notices, etc 
 being sent and the matter thus adjusted without recourse to 
 the presentation of a claim by the consignee or shipper. 
 When overcharges are thus adjusted after the charges on a 
 shipment have been paid, the excess bemg refunded, the pro- 
 duction of the original expense bill should be required and 
 the date and the amount of the refund, and to whom paid 
 noted across its face in red ink and signed by the agent A 
 receipt should also be taken for the amount refunded, and 
 the particulars entered on the station records. In case an 
 agent IS unable to refund an overcharge owing to the fact 
 that the original expense bill cannot be produced, or by rea- 
 son of the party entitled to the refund not being found or 
 failing to claim the amount, remittance should be made to 
 the treasurer, and a report made to the auditor. 
 334. Claims presented by shippers. 
 
 Claims presented by shippers, or for account of any one 
 other than the consignee, should be accompanied by the 
 original shipping receipt or bill of lading, the original expense 
 bill and, (unless otherwise arranged), by a statement in 
 writing, signed by the consignee, releasing his claim in favor 
 of the party by whom or for whose account it is presented 
 he consignee being considered the owner of the property as 
 tar as the carrier is concerned. 
 
 CLAIMS. 
 
 143 
 
 335. Rebate or overcharge in rate. 
 
 Claims for rebate or overcharge in rate should be accom- 
 panied by the original shipping receipts or bills of lading, 
 copies of manifests or statements of billing, original expense 
 bills, and bills for the amounts claimed, with a reference to 
 the tariff or special arrangement upon which the claims are 
 based. If based on an error in the description of the con- 
 tents of packages, the original invoices, or certified copies, 
 or other proper certificates as to the actual contents, must 
 be furnished. 
 
 336. Overcharge in weight, count or measurement. 
 
 Claims for overcharge in weight, count or measurement 
 should be accompanied by the original shipping receipts or 
 bills of lading, copies of manifests or statements of billing, 
 original expense bills, bills for the amounts claimed, and cer- 
 tificates of the actual weight or quantity, the original in- 
 voices or certified copies being attached when they have a 
 bearing upon the case. When shipments are apparently 
 overcharged in weight, or an overcharge in weight is claimed 
 by the consignees, agents should, if practicable, weigh the 
 property, so that they may be able to certify to the actual 
 weight. 
 
 337. Total loss or damage. 
 
 Claims for total loss of shipments received by the rail- 
 road company for transportation but never delivered to the 
 consignees, or for shipments damaged to such an extent as to 
 be worthless, should be accompanied by the original shipping 
 receipts or bills of lading, the original invoices, or certified 
 copies, copies of manifests or statements of billing (if mani- 
 fested), bills for the amounts claimed, copies of "short" 
 or '* damage" reports, and a full explanation of the case. 
 
 338. Partial loss or damage. 
 
 Claims for partial loss or damage, apparent upon deliv- 
 ery of property to the consignees, should be accompanied by 
 
i^ 
 
 III; 
 
 144 RULES FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE OF AGENTS. 
 
 the original shipping receipts or bills of lading, the original 
 invoices, or certified copies, copies of manifests or statements 
 of bilhng, original expense bills, bills for the amounts claimed 
 and copies of -loss" or -damage" reports. Affidavits 
 will also be required when deemed necessary for the proper 
 adjustment of the loss or damage sustained. 
 
 339. Concealed loss or damage. 
 
 Claims for concealed loss or damage, the property hav- 
 ing been delivered to the consignees in apparent good order, 
 will not be considered unless made immediately upon the 
 discovery of the loss or damage, and supported by affidavits 
 of the shippers and consignees as to the quantity, condition 
 and value of the goods when delivered to the railroad com- 
 pany for transportation and when first examined by the con- 
 signees. Such claims must also be accompanied by the or- 
 igmal shipping receipts or bills of lading, copies of manifests 
 or statements of billing, original expense bills, bills for the 
 amounts claimed, the original invoices, or certified copies ; 
 and when necessary, by certified estimates of two disinter- 
 ested persons as to the extent of the loss or damage. 
 
 340. Loss by leakage. 
 
 Claims for loss by leakage should in every case be accom- 
 panied by the original shipping receipts or bills of lading the 
 original invoices, or certified copies, copies of manifests or 
 statements of billing, copies of ♦ ' short "or - damage ' ' reports 
 if such reports have been issued, original expense bills, guag- 
 ers' certificates prior to shipment and upon receipt by con- 
 signees, and bills for the amounts claimed. 
 
 341. Switching, drayage, transfer or lighterage, dockage 
 handling, cooperage or dunnage, etc. ' 
 
 Claims for switching, drayage, transfer or lighterage. 
 
 dockage, handling, cooperage, dunnage, etc.. should be 
 
 accompanied by copies of manifests, or statements of billing 
 
 showing dates and numbers of manifests, numbers and initials 
 
 CLAIMS. 
 
 M5 
 
 of cars, weights, etc. ; by the original expense bills or 
 receipted vouchers, where the amounts claimed have been 
 actually paid out ; and, when necessary, by the original 
 shipping receipts or bills of lading. 
 
 342. Relief from charges. 
 
 Agents standing charged with freight or other charges on 
 goods which have been lost en routes or damaged to such an 
 extent as to be worthless, or upon other shipments on which 
 collection cannot for any reason be made, should, after a 
 reasonable time has elapsed, make application to the general 
 office for relief, the application being accompanied by copy of 
 manifest, original expense bill, original shipping receipt or bill 
 of lading if possible, and an explanation of the causes requir- 
 ing such relief. When goods are short or damaged, a copy of 
 the ''short" or "damage" report should also be attached. 
 If the property is on hand, the reasons for non-delivery 
 should be given, and orders for disposal asked for. The 
 post-office address of the consignee, when known, should in 
 every case be given. 
 
 343. Guaranteed shipments. 
 
 Where shipments on which the charges are guaranteed 
 are refused, or are not promptly taken and the charges paid, 
 the receiving agent should communicate with the billing agent, 
 or the agent at the junction point, if the freight comes from a 
 connecting line, asking for authority to expense back the 
 amount of charges due and that orders for disposal of the 
 property be furnished. If this authority is not received and 
 the charges still remain unpaid, application should be made 
 to the general office for relief, in the usual way. Forward- 
 ing agents, when notified of the non-payment of charges on 
 guaranteed shipments, should at once call upon the guar- 
 antors for the amount due, and advise the office from which 
 the notice is received, as to adjustment. In case payment is 
 refused, the facts should be communicated to the general 
 office without delay. 
 
\^ J, 
 
 I 
 
 146 RULES FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE OF AGENTS. 
 
 344. Freight short and afterwards received. 
 
 When property "short" is afterwards received, the 
 genera] office should at once be advised, with reference to 
 claim, if a claim has been presented. 
 
 345. Record to be kept of claims, etc. 
 
 When agents receive from the general office papers re- 
 ferring to any claim on shipments forwarded from or received 
 at their stations, or are advised that such a claim has been 
 made, they should enter the claim number on their manifests, 
 or tissue impression book, or the proper station record,' 
 against the shipment to which the claim relates. If it is in 
 any case found that a previous claim has been made on the 
 same shipment, the general office should be advised. 
 
 346. Notations on envelopes enclosing claims. 
 
 In enclosing claims to the general office, the notation 
 "Overcharge," "Rebate," or "Loss and Damage," etc., 
 as the case may be, should be made on the outside of the 
 envelope. 
 
 RULES FOR THE INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE OF FREIGHT 
 
 CONDUCTORS. 
 
 MISCELLANEOUS. 
 
 347. Responsibilities of freight conductors. 
 
 Freight conductors are held responsible for the proper 
 management of their trains and for the safe-keeping and 
 proper handling of all freight while in their charge. 
 
 348. Articles not to be taken charge of. 
 
 Freight conductors or other freight employes are not 
 authorized to take charge of bank bills, notes, drafts, or other 
 valuable papers, jewels, gold or silver coin, or other articles 
 which are not received for transportation as freight. 
 
 349. Moving cars. Car door fastenings. Making up trains, etc. 
 
 Loaded cars which are ready to go, or empties which 
 are to be moved, should never be left if the engine can safely 
 haul them. If compelled to leave them, the facts should be 
 reported to the superintendent. All cars taken into the train 
 should be examined to see that they are in proper condition, 
 and that all doors are securely fastened, before leaving the 
 station, special attention being given to cars containing live 
 stock. Loaded cars taken from non-sealing stations must 
 be sealed at the first sealing station at which a stop is made. 
 (See paragraph 149). Cars which are taken on or offered 
 for movement as "empty," must be examined to see that 
 they are empty, and if they contain freight, a manifest must 
 be procured therefor, or the goods unloaded, before taking 
 the cars forward. In making up trains, cars containing live 
 stock should be placed next to and ahead of the caboose, or 
 in that part of the train which will insure the most careful 
 usage and the avoidance of unnecessary switching. Cars 
 containing oil, hay, cotton, powder, or other inflammable or 
 
 147 
 
fill 
 
 II 
 
 I' 
 
 III 
 
 i 
 
 148 
 
 RULES FOR GUIDANCE OF CONDUCTORS. 
 
 explosive articles, should be placed as far from the engine as 
 practicable. Freight cars fitted up with air-brakes should be 
 placed in the forward part of trains, and care taken to see 
 that connections are properly made, and that the brakes are 
 in working order. When trains are made up partly of freight 
 and partly of passenger cars, the passenger equipment should 
 be hauled in the rear part of the train. ^ Cars that are loaded 
 beyond the prescribed maximums as to weight or dimensions, 
 or loaded in an unsafe manner, should not be taken forward 
 until the defect is remedied. All cases of improper or unsafe 
 loading by agents or failure to furnish proper manifests, 
 should be reported to the superintendent. Cars having drop 
 bottoms should not be taken from stations unless the bottom 
 doors are securely fastened. Cars that have been put out 
 at stations or sidings and evidently neglected, should be 
 reported. 
 
 360. Manifests to accompany freight. 
 
 Freight must not be taken from any station where there 
 
 is a freight agent without the proper manifests therefor 
 
 (See paragraph 351). Separate manifests, or slip manifests, 
 
 must accompany each loaded car. unless otherwise directed! 
 
 Manifests, or slip manifests, should in no case be accepted 
 
 unless accompanied by the proper cars or freight. The 
 
 attention of the agent, yardmaster or other person from 
 
 whom the manifests are received should be called to any 
 
 discrepancy as to car numbers or initials or other particulars, 
 
 in order that the necessary correction may be made or 
 
 explanation given, a record being kept of the facts. Cars 
 
 should not be moved under manifests or slip manifests giving 
 
 car numbers or initials which do not agree with the numbers 
 
 or initials of the cars which are to go. or under manifests or 
 
 slip manif ests containing altered car numbers or initials, 
 
 * 1° the state of New York, the law makes the following provision : "A person 
 being an officer or employe of a railway company, who knowingly places, drectsT 
 suffers a freight, lumber, merchandise or oil car to be placed in rear of a car used 
 for the conveyance of passengers in a railway train is guilty of a misdemeanor " 
 Chap. 367, of the Laws of 1889, amended ; Section 422 of the Penal Code, "'^^™^""°'^- 
 
 MISCELLANEOUS. 
 
 149 
 
 unless the reason for the change be noted thereon over the 
 signature of the yardmaster or other official making the 
 alteration. (See paragraph 203 a-f). Conductors should 
 fill in their train numbers, dates, etc., and their own names, 
 on manifests, or slip manifests, in the places provided for the 
 purpose. 
 
 351. Freight from stations having no freight agents. 
 
 When freight is taken from a station or siding where 
 there is no freight agent, without a manifest, it must be 
 reported at the first billing station beyond, where a manifest 
 must be made showing the point at which the property was 
 loaded, as well as the station from which it is billed. Such 
 freight may be taken upon receipt of notice that it is ready 
 to go forward and the furnishing of the necessary shipping 
 orders by the shippers, which must be delivered to the agent 
 at the station where the manifest is to be made, and retained 
 by him as his authority for billing and the issuing of shipping 
 receipts or bills of lading. 
 
 352. Examining manifests. 
 
 Upon taking charge of their trains and upon taking on 
 any cars or freight in transit, conductors should examine the 
 manifests or slip manifests therefor, in order that any special 
 directions in regard to weighing, stopping off, delivery, etc. , 
 may be noted, and also to see that the destination indorsed 
 on the back of the manifests is the same as that given within. 
 When there is a difference in the destination shown, the 
 goods should be delivered in accordance with the destination 
 given on the inside of the manifests, unless otherwise directed. 
 Cases of this kind should be reported to the superintendent, 
 and notations should also be made on the manifests calling 
 attention to the discrepancy. When cars are to be weighed 
 en routCy the attention of the agent or weighmaster at the 
 weighing station should be called to the fact, and any neces- 
 sary assistance rendered. (See paragraph 165). 
 
 '1 
 
 B ;' 
 
II 
 
 ■■I 
 
 ^1.^ 
 
 150 
 
 RULES FOR GUIDANCE OF CONDUCTORS. 
 
 353. Transferring freight. 
 
 Conductors should deliver at destination, or at the end 
 of their freight runs, if going beyond, all freight taken into 
 their trains, except when the engines are unable to haul it or 
 the cars are unfit to run, or where the time and facilities for 
 transfer, when a transfer is necessary, cannot be secured. 
 When freight is transferred from one car to another, the 
 number and initials of the car into which the property is 
 reloaded must be noted on the manifest ; also the place 
 where the transfer is made, the date, the condition of the 
 freight, and any discrepancy found to exist as to the quan- 
 tity, the goods being carefully checked with the manifests. 
 If the regular manifests are not at hand, full memoranda of 
 the freight and its condition should be made and attached to 
 the slip manifest. Conductors must keep a complete record 
 of all transfers made under their supervision. 
 
 ■ 
 
 354. Care of freight; ioading, handiing, etc. 
 
 Car doors must be kept closed and securely fastened, 
 except when goods are being loaded or unloaded, and no 
 unauthorized person permitted to enter the cars or handle 
 manifests or freight. Freight must be handled with care, 
 and every effort made to prevent loss or damage. In loading, 
 different consignments should be kept separate and the goods 
 stowed in such a way as to facilitate unloading and obviate 
 damage from chafing of bales, from leakage of liquids, or from 
 other causes. When goods are unloaded, it must be seen 
 that any articles remaining in the car are so placed as to 
 prevent damage by falling, etc. Employes in delivering to 
 each other packages or boxes containing glass or fragile 
 articles, should call attention to the nature of the contents. 
 When property bears cautionary marks, such as "With 
 care," -Fragile," -This side up," "Keep dry." etc., it 
 should be handled accordingly. 
 
 MISCELLANEOUS. 
 
 151 
 
 355. Checlcing freight in ioading or unloading. Deiivery, plac- 
 ing cars, etc. 
 
 All freight taken into or unloaded from cars in their 
 trains should be carefully examined by conductors and 
 checked with the manifests in the presence of the agent, or 
 his representative, if at a station having an agent, and any 
 discrepancy or damage found to exist, and the cause, when 
 known, noted on the face of the manifests. Conductors 
 should in every case sign their notations. Agents should 
 call out the marks and contents of packages when they are 
 • being loaded, and conductors when they are being unloaded. 
 Freight unloaded from cars in way trains must be delivered 
 on the freight-house platform, or at such other reasonable and 
 proper place as the agent may designate. In doing work at 
 stations, the wishes of the agent as to the placing of cars, 
 etc. . should be complied with. Should the agent's requests 
 be unreasonable, the facts should be reported to the superin- 
 tendent, controversy with the agent being avoided. In 
 switching cars at stations and in yards, where it is necessary 
 to disturb cars that are being loaded or unloaded, great care 
 must be taken to warn all persons in the vicinity of the same, 
 and give them an opportunity to get away and out of danger 
 before the cars are moved. When cars are thus moved, they 
 should be returned to the same position in which they are 
 found, or placed in an equally convenient and satisfactory 
 place for loading or unloading. 
 
 356. Delivery of freight for stations having no agents. 
 
 All freight left at stations having no freight agents should 
 be carefully examined and checked, and delivery certified to 
 on the face of the manifests by conductors, the condition of 
 the freight and any discrepancy as to quantity being noted, 
 and the notations dated and signed in the usual way. When 
 cars are left at such stations and it is impracticable to check 
 the contents, the notation -Car set out and freight not 
 checked," and the car door fastenings, should be entered on 
 the face of the manifests. The manifests must be left with 
 
 r, 
 
«, 
 
 I 
 
 ! 
 
 152 
 
 RULES FOR GUIDANCE OF CONDUCTORS. 
 
 the agent at the next regular station, by whom they will be 
 duly accounted for. Nothing except carload shipments and 
 freight which is not liable to loss or damage should be deliv- 
 ered at stations where there are no freight agents, unless the 
 consignee or some duly authorized party is present to receive 
 and receipt for the property — if the consignee or his repre- 
 sentative is not present, the property should be carried to the 
 next station where there is a freight agent, who should at 
 once notify the consignee that he holds the goods for delivery 
 and also report any loss or damage noted by conductors, the 
 same as though the goods were for his own station. The 
 receipts taken by conductors should be delivered to the agent 
 at the station where the manifests are left. * 
 
 357. Over, short, or damaged freight. 
 
 Conductors should record in their car books and note on 
 their trip reports, the facts in regard to any freight over or 
 short, or any leakage of liquids, leakage of grain, etc., com- 
 ing under their notice, and any known damage resulting to 
 cars or their contents from rough handling or from any cause 
 whatever, the point being shown at which the discrepancy 
 was ascertained or at which the damage occurred or was dis- 
 covered. Receiving agents should be furnished all the 
 information possible in regard to over, short, or damaged 
 freight. 
 
 368. Freight over for stations having no agents. 
 
 Freight not covered by manifests should not be unloaded 
 at a station where there is no agent ; any freight which may 
 be over for such stations should be delivered at the next reg- 
 ular station, and reported by the agent. 
 
 359. Overfreight marked, not marked, etc. 
 
 Conductors finding any freight over, which is marked 
 for a station included in their run, should unload it at the 
 
 * Receipts tor freight delivered to conslif uees by conductors, are sometimea taken 
 on the face of the manifests. 
 
 MISCELLANEOUS. 
 
 153 
 
 station for which it is marked (if a regular freight station), 
 if discovered in time ; if not discovered until after passing 
 the proper station, it should be left at the first regular 
 station reached and the facts of the case stated to the agent, 
 who will make the necessary reports and attend to the return- 
 ing of the freight to its proper destination. When articles 
 found over are not marked, or are marked for a station 
 beyond the conductor s run, he should call the attention of 
 the agent or yardmaster at the end of the run to the matter 
 in order that he may make the proper reports, take charge of 
 the property, and take any further action that may be 
 necessary. 
 
 360. Freight carried past destination. 
 
 When freight is carried past its proper destination, it 
 should be left at the first regular station reached after the 
 discovery of the error, a full explanation of the case being 
 made to the agent, who will see that the property is returned 
 with the least possible delay, and the necessary reports made. 
 
 361. Correspondence. 
 
 Correspondence in regard to freight over, short, or dam- 
 aged, or other matters pertaining to the business of the com- 
 pany, must be given prompt attention. 
 
 362. Cars left at stations or on sidings. 
 
 Conductors must see that cars left at stations or on 
 sidings are clear of the main track, and that the brakes are 
 set, and the cars blocked when necessary. Cars left on a 
 grade should be coupled together, and the wheels blocked, 
 in addition to the setting of the brakes. 
 
 363. Cars disabled. 
 
 When it becomes necessary for a conductor to cut a 
 loaded car out of his train short of destination by reason of 
 its having become disabled, or for any other cause, he should 
 in every case leave the car, together with the manifests for 
 
 i] 
 
 
154 
 
 RULES FOR GUIDANCE OF CONDUCTOR. 
 
 MISCELLANEOUS. 
 
 
 % 
 
 the freight contained therein, in charge of an agent, if pos- 
 sible. When such cars are left at stations or sidings where 
 there are no agents, the conductor must see that the doors 
 are properly fastened, and that notations showing when, 
 where and why left, and the car door or other fastenings, are 
 made on the manifests, which must be delivered to the agent 
 at the next regular station. No merchandise or light articles 
 should be thus left if it is possible to transfer to another car 
 without too much delay ; when merchandise cannot be trans- 
 ferred, it should be left in charge of a brakeman or other em- 
 ploye until arrangements can be made for transfer. Any car 
 deemed unsafe for hauling and which cannot be repaired on 
 the spot, should be moved with the greatest care to the near- 
 est station or siding, and there left, the facts being immedi- 
 ately reported to the superintendent by telegraph. The 
 number and initials of the car, where from, its contents, and 
 destination, should in every case be given. When cars are 
 in bad order, the words -Bad order " should be written in 
 chalk on both sides of the car, and the nature of the defect 
 specified, thus, "Broken bumper," etc., or as the case may 
 be, the defective part being marked with a cross ; cards pro- 
 vided for cars out of repair should also be placed on the cars, 
 if such cards are at hand. 
 
 364. Delays and accidents. 
 
 All detentions to trains containing live stock, perishable 
 property, or freight which may be affected by delay, and all 
 accidents resulting in damage to rolling stock or damage to 
 or loss of freight must immediately be reported to the superin- 
 tendent, who will make the necessary reports to the general 
 freight department. In case of wreck of loaded cars, the 
 manifests for the freight should be handed to the superin- 
 tendent or his representative in charge, who will see that 
 they are sent on to destination with the property, (or without 
 it, if destroyed), with the proper notations. 
 
 155 
 
 365. Records and reports. 
 
 Conductors' records and reports should give the number 
 of the engine hauling the train, the actual time of leaving 
 the starting point, actual time of arrival at and departure 
 from stations or sidings where cars are taken on or left, or at 
 which the train stops, and the actual time of arrival at desti- 
 nation, and show the number, initials, kind, number of 
 wheels and car door or other fastenings of each car moved 
 and the points between which it is moved, and whether 
 loaded or empty. The engine and car numbers, initials, etc., 
 should be recorded by conductors in their car books and 
 entered on their reports on assuming charge of their trains, 
 or at the time the cars are taken on, the particulars being 
 ascertained from a personal examination of the engine and 
 cars as they stand in the train (commencing with the engine), 
 or at the time they are offered for movement, and not taken 
 from station yard lists, from the manifests, or from memo- 
 randa made by others. Agents should be notified of all 
 empty or loaded cars taken from or left at their stations 
 or moved from or left at switches or sidings under their 
 charge. In case cars are handled at night, and there is no 
 one in attendance, the necessary memoranda as to the move- 
 ment of cars should be left for the information of the agent. 
 The numbers and initials of all cars must be given in full. 
 When cars in ' * line" service bear f he name or initials of a road, 
 as well as of the line, both th^road and line initials should be 
 given. Where the numbers of cars have a cipher or letter 
 prefixed or affixed, as 05600, B3400, or 4700E, the cipher or 
 letter should be considered a part of the number, and never 
 omitted. Express, baggage, mail or passenger cars forwarded 
 on freight trains must be reported the same as other cars. 
 '* Dead" engines and tenders hauled on their own wheels, 
 should be treated the same as cars, and reported accordingly, 
 being specified as engines and tenders. 
 
il 
 
 156 
 
 RULES FOR GUIDANCE OF CONDUCTOR. 
 
 366. Care of live stock. 
 
 Conductors should be courteous and obliging to stock- 
 men, and render them all the assistance possible in taking 
 proper care of shipments en route. Men in charge should be 
 notified when stops are to be made which will give them an 
 opportunity to look after their stock. Every attention should 
 be given to stock in case of accident. When animals get 
 down, they should be gotten up, if possible, and care taken 
 to prevent them from getting injured. 
 
 367. Unloading for rest, water and feeding. 
 
 Before accepting live stock manifests it should be seen 
 that the time of loading has been properly noted thereon. 
 Stock must not be confined in the cars for a longer period 
 than provided for by law without unloading for rest, water 
 and feeding. (See paragraph 323). 
 
 368. Men in charge. 
 
 The passes of men in charge of live stock, when such 
 passes are used, must be examined to see that they are 
 properly made out and signed by a duly authorized official ; 
 and they must be taken up at the end of the trip, and 
 accounted for, as directed by special instructions. Where 
 . the authority for carrying men in charge is given in the mani- 
 fests or live stock contracts, it must be seen that such 
 persons only as are designafed therein are carried under that 
 authority. ^ 
 
 APPBNDIX. 
 
 THE ACT TO REGULATE COMMERCE. 
 
 As amended March 2, 1889, and February 10, 1891. 
 
 Carriers and Be it enacted by the Senate and House of liepresentatives of 
 transportation ., tt • i o ^ 
 
 subject to the the United States of America in Congress assembled, That the 
 act. . . 
 
 provisions of this act shall apply to any common carrier or 
 
 carriers engaged in the transportation of passengers or property wholly by 
 railroad, or partly by railroad and partly by water when both are used, 
 under a common control, management, or arrangement for a continuous 
 carriage or shipment from one State or Territory of the United States, or 
 the District of Columbia, to any other State or Territory of the United 
 States, or the District of Columbia, or from any place in the United 
 States to an adjacent foreign country or from any place in the United 
 States through a foreign country to any other place in the United States, 
 and also to the transportation in like manner of property shipped from 
 any place in the United States to a foreign country and carried from 
 such place to a port of transshipment, or shipped from a foreign country 
 to any place in the United States and carried to such place from a port of 
 entry either in the United States or an adjacent foreign country : Pro- 
 vided, however, That the provisions of this act shall not apply to the 
 transportation of passengers or projxirty, or to the receiving, delivering, 
 storage, or handling of property, wholly within one State, and not ship- 
 ped to or from a foreign country from or to any State or Territory as 
 aforesaid. 
 
 What the The term "Railroad" as used in this act shall include 
 terms *'rail- ,, , . , , . 
 
 road" a n d all bridges and ferries used or operated in connection with 
 "trans port a- m j j 
 
 tion " include, any railroad, and also all the roads in use by any corpora- 
 tion operating a railroad, whether owned or operated under a contract, 
 agreement, or lease; and the term " transportation " shall include all 
 
 instrumentalities of shipment or carriage. 
 
 157 
 
158 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 THE ACT TO REGULATE COMMERCE. 
 
 159 
 
 (I 
 
 
 Cham's to ix" All char^'es made for any s.u'vicro rondert^d or to be rend- 
 ered in the ti-anspDi-tution of passengers or property as 
 aforesaid, or in connection therewith, or for the receiving, delivering, 
 storage, or handling of such projK^rty, shall l)e reasonable and just ; and 
 every unjust and unreasonable charge for such service is prohibited and 
 declared to be unlawful. 
 
 orYi" i " ^ t i'^*^" ^^^' ^' "^^^^ ^^ ^"^ common carrier subject to the provis- 
 lorbidden. ions of this act shall, directly or indirectly, by any special 
 rate, rebate, drawback, or other device, charge, demand, collect, or 
 receive from any person or persons a greater or less compensation for 
 any service rendered, or to be rendered, in the transportation of passen- 
 gers or property, subject to the provisions of this act, than it charges, 
 demands, collects, or receives from any other person or persons for doing 
 for him or them a like and conterajjoraneous service in the transporta- 
 tion of a like kind of traffic under substantially similar circumstances 
 and conditions, such common carrier shall be deemed guilty of unjust 
 discrimination, which is hereby prohibited and declared to be unlawful. 
 
 ^ Undue or un- Sec. 3. That it shall be unlawful for any common carrier 
 
 preference or subject to the provisions of this act to make or ffive anv 
 aavuntage for- ° ^ 
 
 bidden. undue or unreasonable pi-eference or advantage to any 
 
 particular person, company, firm, corporation, or locality, or any par- 
 ticular desci-iption of traffic, in any respect whatsoever, or to subject any 
 particular person, company, firm, corporation, or locality, or any par- 
 ticular description of traffic, to any undue or unreasonable prejudice or 
 disadvantage in any respect whatever. 
 
 inferehaiSe*^of ^^^^''^ common carrier subject to the provisions of this 
 traffic. act shall, according to their respective powers, afford all 
 
 reasonable, pro^)er, and equal facilities for the interchange of traffic 
 between their respective lines, and for the receiving, forwarding and 
 delivering of passengers and property to and from their several lines and 
 those connecting therewith, and shall not discriminate in their rates 
 and charges between such connecting lines ; but this shall not be con- 
 strued as requiring any such common carrier to give the use of its tracks 
 or terminal facilities to another carrier engaged in like business. 
 
 shor^thaui^n? ^^'^' ^* "^^^^ ^^ ^^^^^ ^^ unlawful for any common carrier 
 visions. subject to the provisions of this act to charge or receive 
 
 any greater compensation in the aggregate for the transportation of 
 
 passengers or of like kind of property, under substantially similar cir- 
 cumstances and conditions, for a shorter than for a longer distance over 
 the same line, in the same direction, the shorter being included within 
 the longer distance ; but this shall not be construed as authorizing any 
 common carrier within the terms of this act to charge and receive as 
 great compensation for a shorter as for a longer distance : Provided^ 
 however, That upon application to the Commission appointed under the 
 provisions of this act, such common carrier may, in special cases, after 
 investigation by the Commission, be authorized to charge less for longer 
 than for shorter distances for the transportation of passengers or prop- 
 erty ; and the Commission may from time to time prescribe the extent 
 to which such designated common carrier may be relieved from the 
 operation of this feection of this act. 
 
 Pooling' of Sec. 5. That it shall be unlawful for any common carrier 
 fi-elKbts and , . . 
 
 division of subject to the provisions of this act to enter into any con- 
 Burning's for- 
 bidden, tract, agreement, or combination with any other common 
 
 carrier or carriers for the pooling of freights of different and competing 
 
 railroads, or to divide between them the aggregate or net proceeds of 
 
 the earnings of siich railroads, or any portion thereof: and in any case 
 
 of an agreement for the pooling of freights as aforesaid, each day of its 
 
 continuance shall be deemed a separate offense. 
 
 Printing and Sec. 6. {As amended). That every common carrier subject 
 posting "f , ., . . f ... . , 1, 
 
 schedules of to the provisions of this act shall print and keep open to 
 
 and charges. ' public inspection schedules showing the rates and fares 
 and chai'ges for the transportation of passengers and property which any 
 such common carrier has established and which are in force at the time 
 upon its route. The schedules printed as aforesaid by any such common 
 carrier shall plainly state the places upon its railroad between which 
 property and passengers will be carried, and shall contain the classifica- 
 tion of freight in force, and shall also state separately the terminal 
 charges and any rules or regulations which in anywise change, affect, or 
 determine any part or the aggregate of such aforesaid rates and fares 
 and charges. Such schedules shall be plainly printed in large type, and 
 copies for the use of thfi public shall be posted in two public and conspic- 
 uous places, in every depot, station, or office of such carrier where 
 passengers or freight, respectively, are received for transportation, in 
 such form that they shall be accessible to the public and can be conven- 
 iently inspected. 
 
i6o 
 
 ni\i 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 P o s 'ui"f "o? ^"^ common carrier subject to the provisions of this act 
 mSlonnviKhf receiving freight in the United States to be carried through 
 SKh'i''foroiKn ^ ^'"''''^° country to any place in the United States shall 
 country. also in like manner print and keep open to public inspec- 
 
 tion, at every depot or office where such freight is received for ship- 
 mens, schedules showing the through rates established and charged by 
 such common carrier to all points in the United States beyond the 
 foreign country to which it accepts freight for shipment ; and any 
 freight shipped from the United States through a foreign country into 
 the United States, the through rate on which shall not have been made 
 public as required by this act, shall, before it is admitted into the 
 United States from said foreign country, be subject to customs duties as 
 if said freight were of foreign production ; and any law in conflict with 
 this section is hereby repealed. 
 
 PuT.lic illico ^"^ ^d^'^nce shall be ma^e in the rates, fares, and charges 
 rafes'^yS^^'b" "^^'""^ ^^^^ ^^^"^ established and published as aforesaid by 
 given. any common carrier in compliance with the requirements 
 
 of this section, except after ten days' public notice, which shall plainly 
 state the changes proposed to be made in the schedule then in force, and 
 the time when the increased rates, fares, or charges will go into effect; 
 and the proposed changes shall be shown by printing new schedules, or 
 shall be plainly indicated upon the schedules in force at the time and 
 kept open to public inspection. Reductions in such published rates, 
 pJblfc^ no?S ^''''''^' '''* charges shall only be made after three days' 
 ?ate'i"''to "bS P''^;''^^"'*^ P"^^i*^ notice, to be given in the same manner that 
 teiven. notice of an advance in rates must be given. 
 
 rafesnot tob2 ^""^ "^^'^^ any such common carrier shall hare estab- 
 deviated from. Hshed and published rates, fares, and charges in compli- 
 ance with the provisions of this section, it shall be unlawful for such 
 common carrier to charge, demand, collect, or receive from any person 
 or persons a greater or less compensation for the transportation of 
 passengers or property, or for any service in connection therewitli, than 
 is specified in such published schedule of rates, fares, and charges as 
 may at the time be in force. 
 
 schedules oJ ^'^^''^ '''''"°'''" ''*^"^'* '"^J^^* ^ ^^^ provisions of this 
 rates,fare8,ancl ^^ shall file with the Commission hereinafter urovidftd 
 
 ttled with Com- ^^^ ^^P^®« ^^ i<^8 schedules of rates, fares, and charges which 
 mission. have been established and published in compliance with the 
 
 THE ACT TO REGULATE COMMERCE. 
 
 I6l 
 
 requirements of this section, and shall promptly notify said Commission 
 
 of all changes made in the same. Every such common carrier shall also 
 
 Copies of con- file with said Commission copies of all contracts, agree- 
 tracts and 
 agreements to ments, or arrangements with other common carriers in 
 
 be filed with , . 
 
 Commission. relation to any traffic affected by the provisions of this act 
 
 to which it may be a party. And in cases where passengers and freight 
 
 pass over continuous lines or routes operated by more than one common 
 
 carrier, and the several common carriers operating such lines or routes 
 
 Joint tariffs establish joint tariffs of rates or fares or charges for such 
 to be filed with . 
 
 Commission, continuous lines or routes, copies of such joint tariffs shall 
 
 also, in like manner, be filed with said Commission. Such joint rates, 
 
 fares, and charges on such continuous lines so filed as aforesaid shall be 
 
 Commission *to ^^de public by such common carriers when directed by 
 
 licity" ^" ^ s^i^ Commission, in so far as may, in the judgment of the 
 
 Commission,. be deemed practicable; and said Commission shall from 
 
 time to time prescribe the measure of publicity which shall be given to 
 
 such rates, fares, and charges, or to such part of them as it may deem it 
 
 practicable for such common carriers to publish, and the places in which 
 
 they shall be published. 
 
 Tendaj's'no- No advance shall be made in joint rates, fares,and charges, 
 tice to Com- , ...... 
 
 mission of ad- shown upon joint tariffs, except after ten days' notice 
 
 rat°e8!fire8and ^ ^^® Commission, which shall plainly state the changes pro- 
 cliarges. posed to be made in the schedule then in force, and the time 
 
 when the increased rates, fares, or charges will go into effect. No reduc- 
 tion shall be made in joint rates, fares, and charges, except after 
 
 Three days' three days' notice, to be given to the Commission as is 
 notice to Com- ^ ■> o 
 
 mission of re- above provided in the case of an advance of joint rates. 
 
 d u c t i o n in . 
 
 joint rates, The Commission may make public such proposed advances, 
 
 charges. ^^ such reductions, in such manner as may, in its judg- 
 
 Co^^nJis^ion ^o *^®"*' ^ deemed practicable, and may prescribe from time 
 
 make advances to time the measure of publicity which common carriers 
 •or reductions 
 public. shall give to advances or reductions in joint tariffs. 
 
 Joint rates. It shall be unlawful for any common carrier, party to anj?^ 
 
 f&.l!*(58 fl.Ild 
 
 charges'not to joint tariff, to charge, demand, collect, or receive from any 
 
 bedeviated 
 
 from. person or persons a greater or less compensation for the 
 
 transportation of persons or property, or for any services in connection 
 
 therewith, between any points as to which a joint rate, fare, or charge 
 
 i . 
 
 I'. 
 I'' 
 
 k 
 
1 62 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 is named thereon than is specified in the schedule filed with the Com- 
 mission in force at the time. 
 
 mayTcL'Jlbo . ^'"' ^""""'^^'O" "nay determine and prescribe the form 
 .'1^0"/ mt™ '" "^""^ '»>« s«hed"leH required by this section to be Icept 
 
 ules of rates, r^n^n ♦« .,> i !• • . " "^ "'" ^^ 
 
 ^ ^^ J open to public inspection shall be prepared and arranged 
 
 '• find iiiiiv <.Vian<f^ ♦u.v r # 
 
 fares, 
 charges 
 
 and may chancre the form from time to time as shall b^ 
 found expedient. 
 
 mS^'inr 'or ^^ ^"^ '"""^ ''''°'™"" ^^^''^^'^ «^^^'^ "«^^««t or refuse to file 
 o'r "'''u*^b iVs h ^' P"^^^*"^ ^^^ schedules or taritTs of rates, fares, and charges 
 r'ate^s^fares, ^« P'"ovided in this section, or any part of the same, such 
 uud .har^es. eommon carrier shall, in addition to other penalties herein 
 prescribed, be subject to a writ of mandamus, to be issued by any circuit 
 court of the United States, in the judicial district wherein the principal 
 office of said common carrier is situated, or wherein such offense may be 
 committed, and if such common carrier be a foreign corporation in the ju- 
 dicial circuit wherein such common carrier accepts traffic and has an agent 
 to perform such service, to compel compliance with the aforesaid provis- 
 ions of this section ; and such writ shall issue in the name of the people 
 of the United States, at the relation of the Commissioners appointed 
 under the provisions of this act; and the failure to comply with its 
 requirements shall be punishable as and for a contempt : and the said 
 Commissioners, as complainants, may also apply, in any such circuit 
 court of the United Suites, for a writ of injunction against such common 
 carrier, to restrain such common carrier from receiving or transporting 
 property among the several States and Territories of the United States, 
 or between the United States and adjacent foreign countries, or between 
 ports of transshipment and of entry and the several States and Terri- 
 tories of the United States, as mentioned in the first section of this act, 
 until such common carrier shall have complied with the aforesaid pro- 
 visions of this section of this act. 
 
 c^?i°uTe''o? ^^^' ^' ^^^^ '^ ^^^^^ ^"^ unlawful for any common carrier 
 freight is not subject to the provisions of this act to enter into anv com- 
 to be unneces- u:„ot;,,„ „ * i. 
 sariiy inter- '^^^ai'i^n. Contract, or agreement, expressed or implied, to 
 
 rupted. prevent, by change of time schedule, carriage in different 
 
 cars, or by other means or devices, the carriage of freights from being 
 
 continuous from the place of shipment to the place of destination ; and no 
 
 THE ACT TO REGULATE COMMERCE. 
 
 163 
 
 break of bulk, stoppage, or interruption made by such common carrier 
 shall prevent the carriage of freights from being and being treated as one 
 continuous carriage from the place of shipment to the place of destination, 
 unless such break, stoppage, or interruption was made in good faith for 
 some necessary purpose, and without any intent to avoid or unneces- 
 sarily interrupt such continuous carriage or to evade any of the 
 provisions of this act. 
 
 
 -I 
 
 Liability of Sec. 8. That in case any common carrier subject to the 
 
 common car- .. #.!.• ..ini .ij -^ 
 
 riei-8 for dam- provisions 01 this act shall do, cause to be done, or permit 
 
 aKca. ^ ^^ done any act, matter, or thing in this act prohibited 
 
 or declared to be unlawful, or shall omit to do any act, matter, or thing in 
 this act required to be done, such common carrier shall be liable to the 
 person or persons injured thereby for the full amount of damages sus- 
 tained in consequence of any such violation of the provisions of this act, 
 together with a reasonable counsel or attorney's fee, to be fixed by the 
 court in every case of recovery, which attorney's fee shall be taxed and 
 collected as part of the costs in the case. 
 
 Persons- SfJC. 9. That any person or persons claiming to be dam- 
 
 claimiuK: to l>e -, , . v,- * ^ i.i- • • * 
 
 damaged may aged by any common carrier subject to the provisions of 
 
 complain to ^^-^^ g^^ ^^^y either make eomplaiijt to the Commission as 
 Commission or •' f •• 
 
 bring suit in hereinafter provided for, or may bring suit in his or their 
 United States ^ » j fe 
 
 courts. own behalf for the recovery of the damages for which such 
 
 common carrier may be liable under the provisions of this act, in any district 
 or circuit court of the United States of competent jurisdiction ; but such 
 person or persons shall not have the right to pursue both of said remedies, 
 and must in each case elect which one of the two methods of procedure 
 herein provided for he or they will adopt. In any such action brought 
 
 OflBcei-s, etc., for recovery of damages the court before which the same 
 
 of defendant ,„, ,. , j-^^wt- 
 
 may be com- shall be pending may compel any director, officer, receiver, 
 
 tify. trustee, or agent of the corporation or company defendant 
 
 in such suit to attend, appear and testify in such case, and may compel 
 
 the production of the books and papers of such corporation or company 
 
 party to any such suit ; the claim that any such testimony or evidence 
 
 may tend to criminate the person giving such evidence shall not excuse 
 
 such witness from testifying, but such evidence or testimony shall not 
 
 be used against such person on the trial of any criminal proceeding. 
 
H 
 
 164 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 viSonf of ^^^' ^^' ^^^ (iriiernkd.) That any common carrier subject 
 their'offlJeraS ^'' ^^^ Provisions of this act, or, whenever such common 
 SSS" imprSS! ''*''"®'* ^^ * corporation, any director or officer thereof, or 
 ment. any receiver, trustee, lessee, agent, or person, acting for or 
 
 employed by such corporation, who, alone or with any other corporation, 
 company, person, or party, shall willfully do or cause to be done, or 
 shall willingly suffer or permit to be done, any act, matter, or thing 
 in this act prohibited or declared to be unlawful, or who shall aid or 
 abet therein, or shall willfully omit oi- fail to do any act, matter, 
 or thing in this act required to be done, or shall cause or willingly 
 suffer or permit any act, matter, or thing so directed or required by this 
 act to be done not to be so done, or shall aid or abet any such omission 
 or failure, or shall be guilty of any infraction of this act, or shall aid or 
 abet therein, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and shall, upon 
 conviction thereof in any district court of the United States within the 
 jurisdiction of which such offense was committed, be subject to a fine of 
 not to exceed five thousand dollars for each offense : Provided, That if 
 the offense for which any person shall be convicted as aforesaid shall be 
 an unlawful discrimination in rates, fares, or charges, for the transpor- 
 tation of passengers or property, such person shall, in addition to the 
 fine hereinbefore provided for, be liable to imprisonment in the peniten- 
 tiary for a term of not exceeding two years, or both such fine and 
 imprisonment, in the discretion of the court. 
 
 faf^TiVn n K** "^"^ common carrier subject to the provisionsof this act, 
 fhelroffiee^T; ""'*' whenever such common carrier is a corporation, any 
 
 agfl" impSson' ''^''^'* '''* ^^^'"^ ^^^^•^^^' ^^ ^">^ I^«^««" ^^^''^S ^or or em- 
 meut. ployed by such corporation, who, by means of false billing, 
 
 false classification, false weighing, or false report of weight, or by any 
 other device or means, shall knowingly and willfully assist, or shall 
 willingly suffer or permit any person or persons to obtain transportation 
 for property at le^ than the regular rates then established and in force 
 on the line of transix)rtation of such common carrier, shall be deemed 
 guilty of a misdemeanor, and shall, upon conviction thereof in any court 
 of the United States of competent jurisdiction within the district in 
 which such offense was committed, be subject to a fine of not exceeding 
 five thousand dollars, or imprisonment in the penitentiary for a term of 
 not exceeding two years, or both, in the discretion of the court, for each 
 offense. 
 
 THE ACT TO REGULATE COMMERCE. 
 
 165 
 
 Penalties for Any person and any officer or agent of any corporation 
 
 false billing, ,. .#^ ^i.- 
 
 etc., by ship- or company who shall deliver property for transportation 
 pens and other . , . , . . * .1 • 4. 
 
 persons : Fine to any common carrier subject to the provisions of tnis act, 
 and imprison- , , . . la- 
 
 ment, or for whom as consignor or consignee any such carrier 
 
 shall transport property, who shall knowingly and willfully, by false bill- 
 ing, false classification, false weighing, false representation of the con- 
 tents of the package, or false report of weight, or by any other device or 
 means, whether with or without the consent or connivance of the carrier, 
 its agent or agents, obtain transportation for such property at less than 
 the regular rates then established and in force on the line of transpor- 
 tation, shall be deemed guilty of fraud, which is hereby declared to be 
 a misdemeanor, and shall, upon conviction thereof in any court of the 
 United States of competent jurisdiction within the district in which such 
 offense was committed, be subject for each offense to a fine of not exceed- 
 ing five thousand dollars or imprisonment in the penitentiary for a term 
 of not exceeding two years, or both, in the discretion of the court. 
 
 inducfrlff^com- ^^ ^"^ ^"^^ person, or any officer or agent of any such 
 ™ di8cr?minate corporation or company, shall, by payment of money or 
 and"1mp'ri8on^ other thing of value, solicitation, or otherwise, induce any 
 liabHi^V ^with common carrier subject to the provisions of this act, or any 
 damatrS*^ ^°^ of its officers or agents, to discriminate unjustly in his, its, 
 or their favor as against any other consignor or consignee in the trans- 
 portation of property, or shall aid or abet any common carrier in any 
 such unjust discrimination, such person or such officer or agent of such 
 corporation or company shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and 
 shall, upon conviction thereof in any court of the United States of com- 
 petent jurisdiction within the district in which such offense was com- 
 mitted, be subject to a fine of not exceeding five thousand dollars, or 
 imprisonment in the penitentiary for a term not exceeding two years, or 
 both, in the discretion of the court, for each offense ; and such person, 
 corporation, or company shall also, together with said common carrier, 
 be liable, jointly or severally, in an action on the case to be brought by 
 any consignor or consignee discriminated against in any court of the 
 United States of competent jurisdiction for all damages caused by or 
 resulting therefrom. 
 
 Sec. 11. That a Commission is hereby created and established to be 
 
 U 
 
 
 If 
 f 
 
 h 
 
 Vri-" 
 
Mt 
 
 1 66 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 Com^mVr^cc ^"«^" »« ^^e Inter-State Commerce Commission, which 
 eS-"how' apl '^^^^ ^ composed of five Commissioners, who shall be 
 pointed. appointed by the President, by and with the advice and 
 
 consent of the Senate. The Commissioners first appointed under this 
 CoTnmiSi«ne''r8' ^^ '^'''^^ continue in oflico for the term of two, three, four, 
 • five, and six years, respectively, from the first day of Jan- 
 uary, anno Domini eigrhteen hundred and eij^hty-seven, the term of each 
 to be designated by the President ; but their successors shall be appointed 
 for terms of six years, except that any person chosen to fill a vacancy 
 shall be appointed only for the unexpired time of the Commissioner 
 whom he shall succeed. Any Commissioner may be removed by the 
 President for inefficiency, negrlect of duty, or malfeasance in office. Not 
 more than three of the Commissioners shall be appointed from the same 
 political party. No person in the employ of or holding any official rela- 
 tion to any common carrier subject to the provisions of this act, or own- 
 ing stock or bonds thereof, or who is in any manner pecuniarily inter- 
 ested therein, shall ent^r upon the duties of or hold such office. Said 
 Commissioners shall not engage in any other business, vocation, or 
 employment. No vacancy in the Commission shall impair the right of 
 the remaining Commissioners to exercise all the powers of the Commis- 
 sion. 
 
 Com"r^t^ion "to ^^^^' ^- ^^^ amended.) That the Commission hereby cre- 
 ffiessofcir" ^^^^ *^^^^^ ^^'^^^ authority to inquire into the management 
 ^•*'''«- of the business of all common carriers subject to the pro- 
 
 visions of this act, and shall keep itself informed as to the manner and 
 method in which the same is conducted, and shall have the ri<.ht to 
 obtain from such common carriers full and complete information "neces- 
 sary to enable the Commission to perform the duties and carry out the 
 reyi^i?;Tto ^^J^^^^ ^«^ ^^^^^'h it was created ; and the Commission is 
 pml Ksions ^of ^^^^^^ authorized and required to execute and enforce the 
 the act. provisions of this act; and, upon the request of the Com- 
 
 mission, it shall be the duty of any district attorney of the United 
 States to whom the Commission may apply to institute in the proper 
 court and to prosecute under the direction of the Attorney-General 
 Proceedings, of the United States all necessary proceedings for the 
 enforcement of the provisions of this act and for the punishment of all 
 
 pro^ctltio^r' '^''''^*'^"' ^^^"^^f' ^"^ ^h« «««t« and expenses of such 
 prosecution shall be paid out of the appropriation for the 
 
 THE ACT TO REGULATE COMMERCE. 
 
 167 
 
 expenses of the courts of the United States ; and for the purposes of this 
 CtmfnJ^fSion °o ^^^ ^^^ Commission shall have power to require, by sub- 
 daictf and"t^"' ^^'^^' ^^® attendance and testimony of witnesses and the 
 
 ilT"'^' ^I '^'^- P^'oduction of all books, papers, tariffs, contracts, agree- 
 nesses and pro- x 1 ? i ■> & 
 
 doeum^'t "^ ™®^^s, and documents relating to any matter under 
 
 evidence. investigation. 
 
 Attendance Such attendance of witnesses, and the production of such 
 fn"the"uDited ^^^"'"^"^ary evidence, may be required from any place in 
 states. the United States, at any designated place of hearing. 
 
 iJ^uhp^n^'^s- ^"^ ^" ^^^® o^ disobedience to a subpoena the Commission,' 
 mfs^iom ^""' ^^ a"y party to the proceeding before the Commission, 
 may invoke the aid of any court of the United States in requiring the 
 attendance and testimony of witnesses and the production of books, 
 papers, and documents under the provisions of this section. 
 
 Power of U. And any of the circuit courts of the United States within 
 courts to order ^^^ jurisdiction of which such inquiry is carried on may, 
 wifn'i^s^tifap- ^" ^^^ ^^ contumacy or refusal to obey a subpoena issued 
 
 pear and testi- to any common carrier subject to the provisions of this 
 
 fy or punish ^ 
 
 for contempt, act, or other person, issue an order requiring such common 
 
 carrier or other person to appear before said Commission (and produce 
 books and papers if so ordered) and give evidence touching the matter 
 in question ; and any failure to obey such order of the court may be 
 Testimony of punished by such court as a contempt thereof. The claim 
 to ^be^^^usTd ^^at any such testimony or evidence may tend to criminate 
 cHmhmi 'pro" ^^^ person giving such evidence shall not excuse such 
 cee inff. witness from testifying; but such evidence or testimony 
 
 shall not be used against such person on the trial of any criminal pro- 
 ceeding. • 
 
 Testimony by "^^^ testimony of any witness may be taken, at the 
 eposi ion. instance of a party in any proceeding or investigation 
 depending before the Commission, by deposition, at any time after a 
 cause or proceeding is at issue on petition and answer. The Commission 
 may also order testimony to be taken by deposition in any proceeding or 
 investigation pending before it, at any stage of such proceeding or 
 investigation. Such depositions may be taken before any judge of any 
 court of the United States, or any commissioner of a circuit, or any 
 clerk of a district or circuit court, or any chancellor, justice, or 
 

 ■i 3 
 
 1 68 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 judgre of a supreme or superior court, mayor or chief magistrate 
 of a city, judge of a county court, or court of common pleas of any 
 of the United States, or any notary public, not being of counsel or 
 attorney to either of the parties nor interested in the event of the 
 proceeding or investigation. Reasonable notice must first be given 
 in writing by the party or his attorney proposing to take such deposi- 
 tion to the opposite party or his attorney of record, as either may be 
 nearest, which notice shall state the name of the witness and the time 
 and place of the taking of his deposition. Any person may be compelled 
 
 miVb?^com!^'' *^^^*' ^"*^ ^^P^"^' ^"^ ^« P^*««^"^-« a documentary 
 pelir^uS T. ^^i^«"««' i'^ the same manner as witnesses may be com- 
 pose, pelled to appear and testify and produce documentary 
 evidence before the Commission as hereinbefore provided. 
 
 r>e positions, 
 how taken. 
 
 Every person deposing as herein provided shall be cau- 
 tioned and sworn (or affirm, if he so request) to testify the 
 whole truth, and shall be carefully examined. His testimony shall be 
 reduced to writing by the magistrate taking the deposition, or under 
 his direction, and shall, after it has been reduced U) writing, be sub- 
 scribed by the deponent. 
 
 howT^e?Tn " "" '''^"'''' ''^''^^ testimony may be desired to be taken 
 foreign coun" ^^ deposition l)e in a foreign country, the deposition may 
 tries. be taken before an officer or person designated by the 
 
 Commission, or agreed upon by the parties by stipulation in writing, to 
 
 Filing of de- ^ ^^®^ ^^^^ t^® Commission. All de[)ositions must be 
 positions. promptly filed with the Commission. 
 
 poHU'^wu: Witnesses whose depositions are taken pursuant to 
 nosses. this act, and the magistrate or other officer taking the 
 
 same, shall severally be entitled to the same fees as are paid for like 
 services in the courts of fho United States. 
 
 Sec. 13. That any person, firm, corporation, or association, or any 
 mercantile, agricultural, or manufacturing society, or any body politic, 
 
 Complaints ^r municipal organization complaining of anythine- done 
 toCommission. «„^'*4.^ai., , "wuo 
 
 How and by ^r omitted to be done by any common carrier subject to the 
 wnora made. • • * ^^ . «- »v/ 
 
 provisions of this act in contravention of the provisions 
 thereof, may apply to said Commission by petition, which shall briefly 
 state the facts ; whereui>on a statement of the charges thus made shall 
 
 THE ACT TO REGULATE COMMERCE. 
 
 169 
 
 be forwarded by the Commission to such common carrier, who shall be 
 
 called upon to satisfy the complaint or to answer the same in writing 
 
 within a reasonable time, to be specified by the Commission. If such 
 
 Reparation common carrier, within the time specified shall make 
 
 fore investiga- reparation for the injury alleged to have been done, said 
 
 carrier shall be relieved of liability to the complainant 
 
 only for the particular violation of law thus complained of. If such 
 
 carrier shall not satisfy the complaint within the time specified, or 
 
 there shall appear to be any reasonable ground for investigating said 
 
 Investiga- complaint, it shall be the duty of the Commission to inves- 
 tions by the 
 Commission, tigate the matters complained of in such manner and by 
 
 such means as it shall deem proper. 
 
 Said Commission shall in like manner investigate any complaint 
 forwarded by the railroad commissioner or railroad commission of any 
 State or Territory, at the request of such commissioner or commission, 
 and may institute any inquiry on its own motion in the same manner and 
 to the same effect as though complaint had been made. 
 
 No complaint shall at any time be dismissed because of the absence 
 of direct damage to the complainant. 
 
 Findings of jjvm 
 
 Co m m i 8 s i o n SEC. 14. (As amended. ) That whenever an investigation 
 o r i tu ft f fl. c i 6 
 
 evidence in shall be made by said Commission, it shall be its duty to 
 judicial pro- , . ... 
 
 ceedings. make a report in writing in respect thereto, which shall in- 
 
 clude the findings of fact upon which the conclusions of the Commission 
 are based, together with its recommendation as to what reparation, if 
 any, should be made by the common carrier to any party or parties who 
 may be found to have been injured ; and such findings so made shall there- 
 after, in all judicial proceedings, be deemed prima facie evidence as to 
 each and every fact found. 
 
 All reports of investigations made by the Commission shall be entered 
 of record, and a copy thereof shall be furnished to the party who may 
 have complained, and to any common carrier that may have been 
 complained of. 
 
 Reports and The Commission may provide for the publication of its re- 
 declsions. Au- . j -, • • • v * a , , 
 
 thorized publi- ports and decisions in such form and manner as may be best 
 cationtobe 
 competent evi- adapted for public information and use, and such authorized 
 
 publications shall be competent evidence of the reports and 
 
 I 
 
 I' 
 
 s 4 
 
I70 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 If I 
 
 i; 
 
 decisions of the Commission therein contained, in all courts of the 
 and'^^dlstniT- ^""'^^ ^^*^^^'' ^"^ ^^ *h« «^^eral States, without any 
 r^porTsoTcoml ^"'*^^' ^"^^ ^" authentication thereof. The Commission 
 
 Tnnua"' re rt""^^ *^'*'' ""^"^^ ^'^ ^ ^""^^"^ ^'''* *'^'*^-^ distribution its 
 
 Sec. 15. That if in any case in which an investigation shall be made 
 by said Commission it shall be made Uy appear to the satisfaction of the 
 Commission, either by the testimony of witnesses or other evidence, that 
 anything has been done or omitted to be done in violation of the pro- 
 visions of this act, or of any law cognizable by said Commission, by any 
 common carrier, or that any injury or damage has been sustained by the 
 party or parties complaining, or by other parties aggrieved in con- 
 sequence of any such violation, it shall be the duty of the Commission to 
 forthwith cause a copy of its report in respect thereto to be delivered to 
 such common carrier, together with a notice to said common carrier to 
 common %ar- ^®^«« «"^ Resist from such violation, or to make reparation 
 fJ-om WolSio'S ^""^ ^^^ ^"J"^3^ so found to have been done, or both, within 
 of act. a reasonable time, to be specified by the Commission ; and 
 
 if, within the time specified, it shall be made to appear to the Com- 
 mission that such common carrier has ceased from such violation of law 
 
 Comphance „„n ^ „ j .. - v/x *«»», 
 
 with notice to ^nd has made reparation for the injury found to have been 
 C6as6 from /i-._ • ,. . 
 
 violation of ^o°e, m compliance with the report and notice of the Com- 
 ae t. Repara- ,^ • • . , ■«^v7iu 
 tion. mission, or to the satisfaction of the party complaining, a 
 statement to that effect shall be entered of record by the Commission, 
 and the said common carrier shall thereupon be relieved from further 
 liability or penalty for such particular violation of law. 
 
 Petit ion to 0^,^ lo / ^ ^ •. v 
 
 United States ^EC. 16. {As amended.) That whenever anv common 
 courts in cases „„„ • j « , . v.v^xxiujl;u 
 
 of disobedience carrier, as defined in and subject to the provisions of this 
 Commission.** ^-^t, shall violate, or refuse or neglect to obey or perform 
 any lawful order or requirement of the Commission created by this act, 
 not founded upon a controversy requiring a trial by jury, as provided by 
 the seventh amendment to the Constitution of the United States, it shall 
 be lawful for the Commission, or for any company or person interested 
 in such order or requirement, to apply in a summary way, by petition, 
 to the circuit court of the United States sitting in equity in the judicial 
 district in which the common carrier complained of has its principal 
 office, or in which the violation or disobedience of such order or require- 
 ment shall happen, alleging such violation or disobedience, as the case 
 
 THE ACT TO REGULATE COMMERCE. 
 
 171 
 
 may be ; and the said court shall have power to hear and determine the 
 matter, on such short notice to the common carrier complained of as the 
 court shall deem reasonable ; and such notice may be served on such 
 common carrier, his or its officers, agents, or servants in such manner as 
 United Vtates ^^® court shall direct ; and said court shall proceed to hear 
 and^dlte°rmfne ^^^ determine the matter speedily as a court of equity, and 
 bedlence. ^^'^' without the formal pleadings and proceedings applicable to 
 ordinary suits in equity, but in such manner as to do justice in the 
 premises ; and to this end such court shall have power, if it think fit, to 
 direct and prosecute in such mode and by such persons as it may appoint, 
 all such inquiries as the court may think needful to enable it to form a 
 just judgment in the matter of such petition ; and on such hearing the 
 findings of fact in the report of said Commission shall be prima facie 
 evidence of the matters therein stated ; and if it be made to appear to 
 such court, on such hearing or on report of any such person or persons, 
 that the lawful order or requirement of said Commission drawn in 
 question has been violated or disobeyed, it shall be lawful for such court 
 j un'cUon o^r *^ issue a writ of injunction or other proper process, manda- 
 HK^ains^t^af-- ^^^ ^^ Otherwise, to restrain such common carrier from 
 di8S)ed?eSce?^ further continuing such violation or disobedience of such 
 order or requirement of said Commission, and enjoining obedience to the 
 same ; and in case of any disobedience of any such writ of injunction or 
 other proper process, mandatory or otherwise, it shall be lawful for such 
 for^ refusai^to court to issue writs of attachment, or any other process of 
 ?i!jKinctioi^ ol s^id court incident or applicable to writs of injunction or 
 pro^t'ei:^ fS^ other proper process, mandatory or otherwise, against such 
 common carrier, and if a corporation, against one or more of the direct- 
 ors, officers, or agents of the same, or against any owner, lessee, trustee, 
 receiver, or other person failing to obey such writ of injunction or other 
 proper process, mandatory or otherwise ; and said court may, if it shall 
 think fit, make an order directing such common carrier or other person 
 so disobeying such writ of injunction or other proper process, mandatory 
 or otherwise, to pay such sum of money, not exceeding for each carrier 
 or person in default the sum of five hundred dollars for every day, after 
 a day to be named in the order, that such carrier or other person shall 
 fail to obey such injunction or other proper process, mandatory or other- 
 wise ; and such moneys shall be payable as the court shall direct, either 
 to the party complaining or into court, to abide the ultimate decision of 
 the court, or into the Treasury ; and payment thereof may, without 
 
!72 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 THE ACT TO REGULATE COMMERCE. 
 
 II m 
 
 t 
 
 prejudice to any other mode of recovering the same, be enforced by 
 attachment or order in the nature of a writ of execution, in like manner 
 IpVeau'^tr ^^^ ^^^° recovered by a final decree in personam in such 
 of ^[h™tFS *^^"^*' ^^^" *^® subject in dispute shall be of the value 
 
 of the United * ♦ *. ' 
 
 ^^ ^^^ thousand dollars or more, either party to such pro- 
 
 States. 
 
 ceeding before said court may appeal to the Supreme Court of the United 
 States, under the same regulations now provided by law in respect of 
 security for such appeal ; but such appeal shall not operate to stay or 
 supersede the order of the court or the execution of any writ or process 
 thereon ; and such court may, in every such matter, order the payment 
 of such costs and counsel fees as shall be deemed reasonable. Whenever 
 any such petition shall be filed or presented by the Commission it shall 
 be the duty of the district attorney, under the direction of the Attorney- 
 General of the United States, to prosecute the same ; and the costs and 
 expenses of such prosecution shall be paid out of the appropriation for 
 the expenses of the courts of the United States. 
 
 If the matters involved in any such order or requirement of said 
 Commission are founded upon a controversy requiring a trial by jury as 
 provided by the seventh amendment to the Qonstitution of the United 
 States, and any such common carrier shall violate or refuse or neglect 
 to obey or perform the same, after notice given by said Commission as 
 provided in the fifteenth section of this act, it shall be lawful for any 
 company or person interested in such order or requirement to apply in a 
 
 U^i^'ci H'tSt'^ '"^""^"^ ^*y ^y P«^i^i«" ^« the circuit court of the United 
 SHSoVe'SI! States sitting a^ a court of law in the judicial district in 
 ITfun'sn^- "'^'''^ ^^^ ^^'"^^" c^^Pl^ined of has its principal office, or 
 essary. in which the violation or disobedience of such order or 
 
 requirement shall happen, alleging such violation or disobedience as 
 the case may be; and said court shall by its order then fix a time Ind 
 place for the trial of said cause, which shall not be less than twenty nor 
 more than forty days from the time said order is made, and it shall be 
 the duty of the marshal of the district in which said proceeding is 
 pending to forthwith serve a copy of said petition, and of said order 
 upon each of the defendants, and it shall be the duty of the defendants 
 to file their answers to said petition within ten days after the service of 
 the same upon them as aforesaid. At the trial the findings of fact of 
 said Commission as set forth in this report shall be prima facie evidence 
 of the matters therein stated, and if either party shall demand a 
 
 173 
 
 Trial by jury, jury or shall omit to waive a jury the court shall, by its 
 order, direct the marshal forthwith to summon a jury to try the cause : 
 
 Trial by ^"^ if all the parties shall waive a jury in writing, then 
 
 the court shall try the issues in said cause and render its 
 
 judgment thereon. If the subject in dispute shall be of the value of two 
 
 Appeals to thousand dollars or more either party may appeal to the 
 SupremeCour^ g^p^^^^ ^^^^.^ ^^ ^^^ United States, under the regulations 
 States. now provided by law in respect to security for such appeal : 
 
 but such appeal must be taken within twenty days from the day of the 
 rendition of the judgment of said circuit court. If the judgment of the 
 circuit court shall be in favor of the party complaining, he or they shall 
 
 Counsel or be entitled to recover a reasonable counsel or attornev's 
 attorney' 8, , 
 
 fees. fee, to be fixed by the court, which shall be collected as 
 
 part of the costs in the case. For the purposes of this act, excepting its 
 
 penal provisions, the circuit courts of the United States shall be deemed 
 
 to be always in session. 
 
 Sec. 17. [As amended.) That the Commission may conduct its pro- 
 ceedings in such a manner as will best conduce to the proper dispatch of 
 cim^mlrlfl business and to the ends of Justice. A majority of the 
 ForS^f'pricel Commission shall constitute a quorum for the transaction 
 dure. of business, but no Commissioner shall participate in any 
 
 hearing or proceeding in which he has any pecuniary interest. Said 
 Commission may, from time to time, make or amend such general rules or 
 orders as may be requisite for the order and regulation of proceedings 
 before it, including forms of notices and the service thereof, which shall 
 conform, as nearly as may be, to those in use in the courts of the United 
 States. Any party may appear before said Commission and be heard, in 
 person or by attorney. Every vote and official act of the Commission 
 shall be entered of record, and its proceedings shall be public upon the 
 request of either party interested. Said Comission shall have an official 
 Official seal, seal, which shall be judicially noticed. Either of the 
 members of the Commission may administer oaths and affirmations, and 
 sign subpoenas. 
 
 Salaries of 
 Commission- 
 
 Sec. 18. {As amended.) That each Commissioner shall 
 
 ers, receive an annual salary of seven thousand five hundred 
 
 dollars, payable in the same manner as the judges of the courts of the 
 
 Secretary United States. The Commission shall appoint a secretary, 
 —how appoint- , , ,, . , , . , 
 
 ed; salary. who shall receive an annual salary of three thousand five 
 

 174 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 hundred dollars, payable in like manner. The Commission shall have 
 authority to employ and fix the compensation of such other employees as it 
 may find necessiiry to the proper performance of its duties. Until otherwise 
 
 supp^ie^' *°^ provided by law, the Commission may hire suitable offices 
 for its use, and shall have authority to procure all neces- 
 
 ^^it nesses' ^ary office supplies. Witnesses summoned before the Com- 
 ^- mission shall be paid the same fees and mileage that are 
 
 paid witnesses in the courts of the United States. 
 
 th!itrmmi'J "^^ ^^ the expenses of the Commission, including all 
 8ion-how paid, necessary expenses for transportation incurred by the Com- 
 missioners, or their employees under their orders, in making any investi- 
 gation, or upon official business in any other places than in the city of 
 Washington, shall be allowed and paid on the presentation of itemized 
 vouchers therefor approved by the chairman of the Commission. 
 
 fl r;'"ST"t he ^*''^- ^'- '^^^^ '^^ principal office of the Commission 
 Commissiou. shall be in the city of Washington, where its general 
 sessions shall be held ; but whenever the convenience of the public or 
 th?"t'om m is' *^^ P^''*^^^ "^^y be promoted or delay or expense prevented 
 «ion. thereby, the Commission may hold special sessions in any 
 
 part of the United States. It may, by one or more of the Commissioners 
 prosecute any inquiry necessary to its duties, in any part of the United 
 States, into any matter or question of fact pertaining to the business of 
 any common carrier subject to the provisions of this act. 
 
 jec?^^\r act- ^^''- '^- '^^^^ '^" Commission is hereby authorized to 
 
 Turannuafre' '^"^""'^ ^"""^^ '^^'*' ^"'''^ ^^^ ^^'"^^^ ^^^^^^"-^ subject to 
 ports to Com- ^^^ Provisions of this act, to fix the time and prescribe the 
 mission. manner in which such reports shall be made, and to require 
 
 from such carriers specific answers to all questions upon which the Com- 
 mission may need information. Such annual reports shall show in detail 
 the amount of capital stock issued, the amounts paid therefor, and the 
 manner of payment for the same ; the dividends paid, the surplus fund 
 If any, and the number of stockholders ; the funded and floating debtJ 
 and the interest paid thereon ; the cost and value of the carrier's prop- 
 erty, franchises, and equipments; the number of employees and the 
 salaries paid each cla^s ; the amounts expended for improvements each 
 year, how expended, and the character of such improvements ; the earn- 
 ings and receipts from each branch of business and from all sources • the 
 
 
 THE ACT TO REGULATE COMMERCE. 
 
 175 
 
 >1 
 
 operating and other expenses ; the balances of profit and loss ; and a 
 complete exhibit of the financial operations of the carrier each year, 
 including an annual balance-sheet. Such reports shall also contain such 
 information in relation to rates or regulations concerning fares or 
 freights, or agreements, arrangements, or contracts with other common 
 carriers, as the Commission may require ; and the said Commission may, 
 within its discretion, for the purpose of enabling it the better to carry 
 may ^resSibe ^"^ *^® purposes of this act, prescribe (if in the opinion of 
 
 methods of the Commission it is practicable to prescribe such unifor- 
 keeping ac- * 
 
 counts. mity and methods of keeping accounts) a period of time 
 
 within which all common carriers subject to the provisions of this act 
 shall have, as near as may be, a uniform system of accounts, and the 
 manner in which such accounts shall be kept. 
 
 Annual re- SEC. 21. (As amended.) That the Commission shall, on 
 
 portu of the ^j. ^fop^ ^he first day of December in each year, make a 
 Commission to '^ J t ""^^ «* 
 
 CoDKress. report, which shall be transmitted to Congress, and copies 
 
 of which shall be distributed as are the other reports transmitted to 
 Congress. This report shall contain such information and data collected 
 by the Commission as may be considered of value in the determination 
 of questions connected with the regulation of commerce, together with 
 such recommendations as to additional legislation relating thereto as the 
 Commission may deem necessary ; and the names and compensation of 
 the persons employed by said Commission. 
 
 Pei-sons and SEC. 22. {As amended). That nothing in this act shall 
 property that ^ ^. . ^ , ,,. 
 
 may be carried prevent the carriage, storage, or handling of property free 
 
 rates. or at reduced- rates for the United States. State, or muni- 
 
 cipal governments, or for charitable purposes, or to or from fairs and 
 
 expositions for exhibition thereat, or the free carriage of destitute and 
 
 homeless persons transported by charitable societies, and the necessary 
 
 Mileage, ex- agents employed in such transportation, or the issuance 
 cu rsion, or . 
 
 commutation of mileage, excursion, or commutation passenger tickets; 
 
 tickets. nothing in this act shall be construed to prohibit any com- 
 
 mon carrier from giving reduced rates to ministers of religion, or to 
 municipal governments for the transportation of indigent persons, or to 
 inmates of the National Homes or State Homes for Disabled Volunteer 
 Soldiers, and of Soldiers' and Sailors' Orphan Homes, including those 
 about to enter and these returning home after discharge, under arrange- 
 
 », 
 1 1 
 
 l|; 
 
176 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 ments with the boards of managers of said homes ; nothing in this act 
 shall be construed to prevent railroads from giving free carriage to their 
 own officers and employees, or to prevent the principal officers of any 
 f r^ee' frlSs*! ''^'^''''^^ company or companies from exchanging passes or 
 SfflclVJ''SnS ^'"'^''^^ ^'^^ ''^^^'' ^•«il»'o*^d companies for their officers and 
 . mnfoad^^m! employees; and nothing in this actcontained shall in any way 
 Tending liti- *^"^S:e or alter the remedies now existing at common law 
 f ffec'ied^by ""'' ^^ Statute, but the provisions of this act are in addition 
 act. to such remedies : Provided, That no pending litigation 
 
 shall in any way be aflFected by this act. 
 
 Jurisdiction . tlj^ ,. , ^, 
 
 5.L«F ° ^ ^ ^^ ^ "" section). That the circuit and district courts of the 
 ouiijcs courts TT 'A. J rj. 
 
 of^rcmirtor' t>tates shall have jurisdiction upon the relation of 
 
 rammaidVi''' ""^ P"™"" '"' Persons, Hrm, or corporation, alleging such 
 on "t°e?SaM ''''''''"*'° ^^ * common carrier, of any of the provisions of 
 furSshPn/o? ""* ""* '■° "'''°'' *'° '*' * '"??'«•"<">•■ ""d all acts amenda- 
 ??a'L.po«St?on '""^^ "'«'"«"f' as prevents the relator from having int«r- 
 racilities. °° 8tat« traffic moved by said common carrier at the same 
 rates a« are charged, or upon terms or conditions as favorable as those 
 given by said common carrier for like traffic under similar conditions to 
 any other shipper, to issue a writ or writs of mandamus against said 
 common carrier, commanding such common carrier to move and trans- 
 port the traffic, or to furnish cars or other facilities for transportation 
 or the party applying for the writ: Provim, That if any question of 
 fact as to the proper compensation to the common carrier for the service 
 to be enforced by the writ is raised by the pleadings, the writ of peremp- 
 tory mandamus may issue, notwithstanding such question of fact is 
 undetermined, upon such terms as to security, payment of money into 
 the court, or otherwise, as the court may think proper, pending the 
 determination of the question of fact : ProtiVJed, That the remedy hereby 
 given by writ of mandamus shall be cumulative, and shall not be held to 
 exclude or interfere with other remedies provided by this act or the act 
 to which it is a supplement. 
 
 EXTRACTS FROM THE 
 RBYISHD STATUTES OF THE UNITED STATES 
 
 RelatlYe to Distilled Spirits and Fermented Liquors. 
 
 Sec. 3.320 R. S. Whenever any cask or package of rectified spirits 
 containing five wine-gallons or more is filled for shipment, sale, or de- 
 livery, on the premises of any rectifier who has paid the special tax re- 
 quired by law, it shall be the duty of the United States ganger to gauge 
 and inspect the same, and to place thereon an engraved stamp, signed 
 by the collector of the district and the said ganger, which shall state 
 the date when affixed, and the number of proof-gallons, and shall be as 
 follows : 
 
 STAMP FOR RECTIFIED SPIRITS No 
 
 Issued by collector district, State of 
 
 rectifier of spirits in the district, State of 
 
 18...., proof-gallons. 
 
 United States Ganger. 
 
 Sec. 3324 R. S. Every person who empties or draws off, or causes to 
 be emptied or drawn off, any distilled spirits from a cask or package 
 bearing any mark, brand, or stamp, required by law, shall, at the time of 
 emptying such cask or package, efface and obliterate said mark, stamp, 
 or brand. Every such cask or package from which said mark, brand, or 
 stamp is not .effaced and obliterated as herein required, shall be forfeited 
 to the United States, and may be seized by any officer of Internal revenue 
 wherever found. And every railroad company or other transportation 
 company, or person who receives or transports, or has In possession with 
 intent to transport, or with intent to cause or procure to be transported, 
 any such empty cask or package, or any part thereof, having thereon 
 any brand, mark, or stamp, required by law to be placed on any cask or 
 package containing distilled spirits, shall forfeit three hundred dollars 
 for each such cask or package, or any part thereof, so received or trans- 
 ported, or .had In possession with the Intent aforesaid ; and every boat, 
 railroad-car, cart, dray, wagon, or other vehicle, and all horses and other 
 animals used In carrying or transporting the same, shall be forfeited to 
 the United States. Every person who falls to efface and obliterate said 
 mark, stamp, or brand, at the time of emptying such cask or package, or 
 
 177 
 
178 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 any part thereof, with the intent aforesaid, or who transports the same 
 or knowingly aids or assists therein, or who removes any stamp provided 
 by law from any cask or package containing, or which had contained 
 distilled spirits, without defacing and destroying the same at the time of 
 such removal, or who aids or assists therein, or who has in his possession 
 any such stamp so removed as aforesaid, or has in his possession 
 any canceled stamp, or any stamp which has been used, or which pur- 
 ports to have been used, upon any cask or package of distilled spirits, 
 shall be deemed guilty of a felony, and shall be fined not less than five 
 hundred dollars nor more than ten thousand dollars, and imprisoned not 
 less than one year nor more than five years. 
 
 Sec. 3327 R. S. No person shall remove any distilled spirits at any 
 other time than after sun-rising and before sun-setting in any cask or 
 package containing more than ten gallons from any premises or building 
 in which the same may have been distilled, redistilled, rectified, com- 
 pounded, manufactured, or stored ; and every person who violates this 
 provision shall be liable to a penalty of one hundred dollars for each cask, 
 barrel, or package of spirits so removed; and said spirits, together with any 
 vessel containing the same, and any horse, cart, boat, or other conveyance 
 used in the removal thereof, shall be forfeited to the United States. 
 
 Sec. 3339 R. S. There shall be paid on all beer, lager beer, ale, porter, 
 and other similar fermented liquors, brewed or manufactured and sold, 
 or removed for consumption or sale, within the United States, by what^ 
 ever name such liquors may be called, a tax of one dollar for every 
 barrel containing not more than thirty-one .gallons ; and at a like rate 
 for any other quantity or for any fractional part of a barrel. 
 
 In estimating and computing such tax, the fractional parts of a barrel 
 shall be halves, thirds, quarters, sixths, and eighths; and any fractional 
 part of a barrel containing less than one-eighth shall be accounted one- 
 eighth ; more than one-eighth, and not more than one-sixth, shall be ac- 
 counted one-sixth ; more than one-sixth, and not more than one-fourth, 
 shall be accounted one-fourth ; more than one-fourth, and not more than 
 one-third, shall be accounted one-third ; more than one-third, and 
 not more than one-half, shall be accounted one-half; more than one-half, 
 and not more than one barrel, shall be accounted one barrel ; and more . 
 than one barrel, and not more than sixty-three gallons, shall be accounted 
 two barrels, or a hogshead. 
 
 IMPORTED LIQUORS. 
 
 179 
 
 Sec. 3342, R. S., as amended by Act of March 3, 1875 (18 Stat, 484). That 
 every brewer shall obtain, from the collector of the district in which his 
 brewery or brewery-warehouse is situated, and not otherwise unless such 
 collector shall fail to furnish same upon application to him, the proper 
 stamps, and shall affix upon the spigot-hole in the head of every hogs- 
 head, barrel, keg, or other receptacle in which any fermented liquor is 
 contained, when sold or removed from such brewery or warehouse (ex- 
 cept in case of removal under permit,) a stamp denoting the amount of 
 the tax required upon such fermented liquor, which stamp shall be de- 
 stroyed by driving through the same the faucet through which the 
 liquor is to be withdrawn, or an air-faucet of equal size, at the time the 
 vessel is tapped, in case the vessel is tapped through the spigot-hole 
 (of which there shall be but two, one in the head and one in the side,) 
 and shall, also, at the time of affixing such stamp, cancel the same by 
 writing or imprinting thereon the name of the person, firm, or corpora- 
 tion by whom such liquor was made, or the initial letters thereof, and 
 the date when canceled. 
 
 Sec. 3343, R. S. Whenever any brewer, cartman, agent for trans- 
 portation, or other person, sells, removes, receives, or purchases, or in any 
 way aids in the sale, removal, receipt, or purchase, of any fermented 
 liquor contained in any hogshead, barrel, keg, or other vessel from any 
 brewery or brewery warehouse, upon which the stamp, or permit, in case, 
 of removal, required by law, has not been affixed, with knowledge that 
 it is such, or on which a stamp, or permit, in case of removal, once can- 
 celed is used a second time, he shall be fined one hundred dollars and 
 imprisoned for not more than one year. 
 
 imPORTCD I^IQUORS. . 
 
 ^ Packages containing imported liquors must bear such stamps, brands, 
 or marks, as are required by law and by the regulations of the Treasury 
 Department. The stamps, brands, or marks, on empty packages w^hich 
 have contained imported liquors must be obliterated or effaced at the 
 time the liquors are drawn oflf, the same as in the case of domestic dis- 
 tilled spirits. (20 Stal., 327 ; 21 Stat., 145). 
 
 Merchandise must be transiwrtcd in bond in the original packages in 
 which imported (Art. 721 General Treasury Regulations and R. S. 2980 
 and 3,000). 
 
 I 
 
i8o 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 ¥ 
 
 Unless entered for immediate transi)ortation without appraisement, 
 imported liquors are gauged and the casks, vessels or cases branded or 
 otherwise marked at the port of ori^^inal landing before removal from 
 wharf. (R. S. 2882 and 2884, and 20 Stat. ;}42, section 11). 
 
 Internal revenue skimps are not pla<3ed on imported liquors; and 
 the practice of stamping with Internal Revenue stamps spirits and 
 liquors reimported under the provisions of Sec. 2500, R. S., was discon- 
 tinued by Treasury Department decision of Oct. 19, 1881. (Synopsis 5029). 
 
 In the case of withdrawal for transportation customs stamps are not 
 affixed by the United States Gauger until the arrival of the liquors at 
 the port of destination or on withdrawal for consumption. (Synopsis De- 
 cisions 4281 and 9099). 
 
 EXTRACTS FROM THE 
 REVISED STATUTES OF THE UNITED STATES 
 
 Relative to Transportation ol Live Stock. 
 
 Sec. 4380, R. S. No railroad company within the United States whose 
 road forms any part of a line of road over which cattle, sheep, swine, or 
 other animals are conveyed from one State to another, or the owners or 
 masters of steam, sailing, or other vessels carrying or transporting cat- 
 tle, sheep, swine, or other animals from one State to another, shall con- 
 fine the same in cars, boats, or vessels of any description, for a longer 
 period than twenty eight consecutive hours without unloading the same 
 for rest, water and feeding, for a period of at least five consecutive 
 hours, unless prevented from so unloading by storm or other accidental 
 causes. In estimating such confinement the time during which the 
 animals have been confined without such rest on connecting roads from 
 which they are received shall be included, it being the intent of this 
 section to prohibit their continuous confinement beyond the period of 
 twenty-eight hours, except upon contingencies hereinbefore stated. 
 
 Sec. 4387, R. S. Animals so loaded shall be properly fed and watered 
 during such rest by the owner or person having the custody thereof, or in 
 case of his default in so doing, then by the railroad company or owners 
 or masters of boats or vessels transporting the same at the expense of 
 the owner or jxirson in custody thereof ; and such company, owners, or 
 masters shall in such case have a lien upon such animals for food, care 
 
 EXTRACTS FROM REVISED STATUTES. 
 
 I8l 
 
 and custody furnished, and shall not be liable for any detention of such 
 animals. 
 
 Sec. 4388, R. S. Any company, owner, or custodian of such animals 
 who knowingly and willingly fails to comply with the provisions of the 
 two preceding sections, shall, for every such failure, be liable for and 
 forfeit and pay a penalty of not less than one-hundred nor more than five- 
 hundred dollars. But when animals are carried in cars, boats or other 
 vessels in which they can and do have proper food, water, space, and 
 opportunity to rest, the provisions in regard to their being unloaded 
 shall not apply. 
 
 EXTRACTS FROM THE 
 REVISED STATUTES OF THE UNITED STATES 
 
 Governing Steamboat Service. 
 
 *Sec. 4278, R. S. It shall not be lawful to transport, carry, or convey, 
 ship, deliver on board, or cause to be delivered on board, the substance, or 
 article known or designated as nitro-glycerine, or glynoin oil, nitroleum 
 or blasting oil, or nitrated oil, or powder mixed with any such oil, or 
 fibre saturated with any such article or substance, upon or in any vessel 
 or vehicle used or employed in transporting passengers by land or 
 water. * * * * 
 
 *Sec. 4279, R. S. It shall not be lawful to ship, send, or forward any 
 quantity of the substances or articles named in the preceding section, or to 
 transport, convey, or carry the same by vessel or vehicle of any descrip- 
 tion upon land or water, unless the same shall be securely inclosed, de- 
 posited, or packed in a metallic vessel surrounded by plaster of Paris, or 
 other material that will be non-explosive when saturated with such oil 
 or substance, and separate from all other substances, and the outside of 
 the package containing the same be marked, printed, or labeled in a 
 conspicuous manner with the words " Nitro-glycerine— dangerous." 
 
 *Sec. 4472, R. S. No loose hay, loose cotton, or loose hemp, camphene, 
 nitro-glycerine, naphtha, benzine, benzole, coal oil, crude or refined petro- 
 leum,or other like explosive burning fluids,or like dangerous articles shall 
 be carried as freight or used as stores on any steamer carrying passengers 
 * * nor shall gunpowder be carried on any such vessel except under 
 
l82 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 special licenses ; nor shall oil of vitriol, nitric or other chemical acids be 
 carried on such steamers except on the decks or guards thereof, or in 
 such other safe part of the vessel as shall be prescribed by the inspectors. 
 
 * * Oil or spirits of turpentine may be carried on such steam- ' 
 ers when put up in good metallic vessels, or casks or barrels, well and 
 securely bound with iron and stowed in a secured part of the vessel ; and 
 friction matches may be carried on such steamers when securely packed 
 in strong, tight chests or boxes, the covers of which shall be well secured 
 by locks, screws, or other reliable fastenings, and stowed in a safe part 
 of the vessel at a secure distance from any fire or heat. 
 *****»***♦» 
 
 *Sec. 4475, R. S. All gunpowder, nitro-glycerine, caraphene, naphtha, 
 benzine, benzole, coal-oil, crude or refined petroleum, oil of vitriol, nitric 
 or other chemical acids, oil or spirits of turpentine, friction matches, and 
 all other articles of like character, when packed or put up for shipment, 
 shall be securely packed, and put separately from each other and from 
 all other articles ; and the package, box, cask, or other vessel containing 
 the same shall be distinctly marked on the outside, with the name or 
 description of the article contained therein. 
 
 *Sec. 4476, R. S. Every person who packs or puts up, or causes to be 
 packed or put up for shipment, any gunpowder, nitro-glycerine, camphene, 
 naphtha, benzine, benzole, coal-oil, crude or refined petroleum, oil of vit- 
 riol, nitric or other chemical acids, oil or spirits of turpentine, friction 
 matches, or other articles of like character otherwise than as directed 
 by the preceding section, or who knowingly ships orattempts toship the 
 same, or deliver the same to any such vessel as stores, unless duly packed 
 and marked, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and punished by 
 fine not exceeding two thousand dollars, or imprisonment not exceeding 
 eighteen months, or both ; one-half of the fine to go the informer, and 
 the articles to be liable to seizure and forfeiture. 
 
 *Sec. 6353, R. S. Every person who knowingly transports or delivers, 
 or causes to be delivered, nitro-glycerine, nitroleum or blasting-oil, or 
 nitrated oil, or powder mixed with any such oil, or fibre saturated with 
 any such substance or article on board any vessel or vehicle whatever, 
 employed in conveying passengers by land or water between any place 
 in a foreign country and any place within the United States, or between 
 a place in one State, Territory or district of the United States, and a 
 
 EXTRACTS FROM REVISED STATUTES. 
 
 183 
 
 place in any other State, Territory or district thereof, shall be punished 
 by a fine of not less than one thousand dollars nor more than ten thousand 
 dollars ; one-half to the use of the informer. 
 
 *Sec. 5354, R. S. When the death of any person is caused by the explo- 
 sion of any quantity of such articles, or either of them, while the same is 
 being placed upon any vessel or vehicle, to be transported in violation of 
 the preceding section, or while the same is being so transported, or 
 while the same is being removed from such vessel or vehicle, every per- 
 son who knowingly placed or aided, or permitted the placing of such 
 articles upon such vessel or vehicle, to be so transported, is guilty of man- 
 slaughter, and shall suffer imprisonment for a period of not less than two 
 years. 
 
 *Sec. 5355, R. S. Every person who knowingly ships, sends or forwards 
 any quantity of the articles mentioned in section fifty-three hundred and 
 fifty-three, or who transports the same by any mode of conveyance upon 
 land or water, between any of the places specified in that section, unless 
 such articles be securely enclosed, deposited, or packed in a metallic 
 vessel, surrounded by plaster of Paris, or other non-explosive material 
 when saturated with such oil, and separated from all other substances, 
 and the outside of the packages to be marked, printed or labeled in a 
 conspicuous manner with the words " NlTRO-GLYCERlNE, DANGEROUS,'' 
 shall be punished by a fine of not less than one thousand nor more than 
 five thousand dollars ; one-half to the use of the informer. 
 
INDEX. 
 
 A Ku • *.' Paragraph. 
 
 ADDreviations not to be used for names of stations or agents 69 
 
 use of in describing freight iqo 133 
 
 " use of for " Care of," *' Order of," etc V. "' 181 
 
 Absence from duty 30 
 
 Accidents, thefts, losses, etc., reporting ok 
 
 Accounts, etc kc 
 
 Advancing charges "6 i 1 1 
 
 Agents, responsibilities of ........*.*.'.* * ii 
 
 Articles found on tracks, etc * '. 63 64 
 
 Astray freight, forwarding, rates on, etc. i 95 249 281 
 
 Buildings, grounds, switches, etc., care of !.'!.*...!.. .63,66 
 
 Carding Cars. 
 
 All cars to be properly carded at commencement of loading 154 
 
 Discrepancies between carding and billing * "159 
 
 Explosives and dangerous articles !!.!!!!.!... 156 
 
 Freight transferred en route 158 
 
 Merchandise in bond 
 
 291 
 
 Notations to be made on shipping orders and manifests.*.'.*.". .*. 157. 180 
 
 Old cards 117 159 
 
 l*erishable or time freight .................'..".'.'.'. '155 
 
 Point to which cars should be carded ........................[,., 157 
 
 Slip manifests and carding to agree i«q 
 
 Way cars i ^* .'.*!.*!!!."]!!!!..'!!*.!! 154 
 
 Cars. 
 
 it 
 
 4( 
 
 Applying for. Promising ^^ 
 
 Arriving with seals broken, defective or missing. 143 
 
 Dangerously loaded 210 
 
 Disabled or delayed in transit V. '.'.*.*.'.'.'.'.'.''.'.*. 206', *2Yl' 363 
 
 Distribution of U^ 
 
 Economy to be exercised in use of 126 
 
 For freight liable to damage from water 121 
 
 *' grain, feed and other freight in bulk 121 
 
 hay, straw, cotton and other inflammable articles. 122 
 
 livestock 312 
 
 merchandise, flour, butter, cheese, eggs, etc! 119 
 
 tankage, fertilizers, petroleum, etc 1 20 
 
 Foreign or line, loading . . ' * Jjg 
 
 Furnished to shippers 10 118 
 
 Inspection of '.*.*.*.V.".*.'.'.'.'.'.V.*.*1*0,* il?' 118 141 
 
 Left m transit or at stations having no agents. . . .' .'263F, 206! 356! 363 
 
 Lieft standing on side tracks, etc 66 362 
 
 Lining cars ; use of stoves, etc. ; men in charge . .'."..'.'.'.*. * 124 
 
 Not to be loaded beyond safe carrying capacity 127 
 
 Open or stock, use of for apples, vegetables, etc ! 123 
 
 Out of repair |V-' "o^jo 
 
 Overloaded, receipting for, etc! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! ' 82 
 
 Placing for competing lines at junction poiritsVetc! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! *35 
 
 loading or unloading (57 * 995 
 
 Record to be kept of numbers and initials -^no '^okl n 
 
 time of receipt and forwarding 207 
 
 INDEX. 185 
 
 Paragraph, 
 Cars — continued. 
 
 Refrigerator, cleaning, icing, etc 125 
 
 Refused by conductors 205 
 
 Reports 113 
 
 Special (refrigerator, heater, horse, etc.,) use of 45 
 
 Unauthorized persons not to be allowed to interfere with .66 
 
 Car service association rules to be observed 37 
 
 Cash book. Remittances 57 
 
 Changing destination or consignee 279-282 
 
 Checks, drafts, or notes, receiving in payment of charges, etc 59 
 
 Circulars, tariffs, etc., filing, posting, etc 51, 52 
 
 Claims. 
 
 Basis of settlement for loss or damage 5 
 
 * Correction of overcharges by agents 333 
 
 Correspondence, tracers, etc., giving to consignees or shippers, . . ,53 
 
 Declension of; returning papers 53 
 
 Duplication of to be prevented ; record to be kept 50, 345 
 
 Examination of freight in case of damage or shortage, etc 246, 330 
 
 For loss by leakage 340 
 
 *' " or damage, concealed 339 
 
 " " *' " partial 338 
 
 " " " "• total 337 
 
 " overcharge in rate 335 
 
 " " " weight, count or measurement 336 
 
 *' rebate 335 
 
 " relief from charges 342 
 
 *' " " " on guaranteed shipments 343 
 
 *' switching, drayage, transfer, lighterage, dockage, hand- 
 ling, cooperage, dunnage, etc 341 
 
 Freight short and afterwards received 344 
 
 Notations on envelopes enclosing claims 346 
 
 Preparation for examination, etc 331 
 
 Presented by shippers or parties other than consignees 334 
 
 Refusal of consignees to receive property, claiming overcharge, 
 
 deficiency or damage 329 
 
 Unjust claims 332 
 
 Classification — instructions to be asked for in case of doubt 38 
 
 Collection of Charges. 
 
 Agents held responsible for , 59 
 
 Demurrage or storage charges . . * 37, 44 
 
 Freight not to be delivered before payment of charges 254j 
 
 In case of controversy 226 
 
 " " " an overcharge which may be apparent only 230 
 
 " " *' apparent undercharge 231 
 
 '* " '* shortage 265, 342 
 
 On freight destined to other lines 55 
 
 " " not duly accounted for, over, astray, etc 255 
 
 '* Government freight 112 
 
 *' guaranteed shipments, etc 343 
 
 " perishable freight sold for less than amount of charges 275, 342 
 
 Company's business and transactions of customers confidential 53 
 
 Competitors, doings of to be reported ; allowing use of company's 
 
 facilities by 35 
 
 Complaints of patrons 36. 
 
1 86 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 
 (I 
 
 (( 
 
 u 
 
 Paragraph. 
 
 Conductors. 
 
 Altering- manifests or slip manifests 350 
 
 Articles not to be taken charge of by 348 
 
 Care of freight, stowing, handling, etc Iib4 
 
 Car door fastenings, examination of 349 
 
 Cars disabled or out of repair 363 
 
 forwarded as ''empty" 349 
 
 improperly or unsafely loaded 349 
 
 left at stations or on sidings 362, 363 
 
 not to be left when possible to take forward ;U9 
 
 Correspondence 361 
 
 Delays and accidents 364 
 
 Delivery, checking and examining freight delivery 355, 356 
 
 Discrepancies as to car numbers or initials, etc 350 
 
 Entering name, and number of train, on manifests 350 
 
 Examining manifests 352 
 
 Failure of agents to furnish manifests 349, 350 
 
 Freight carried past destination 360 
 
 " for stations having no freight agents 356 
 
 ** from *' " " " " ...351 
 
 *' left in transit 363 
 
 '* over, short or damaged . . 357-360 
 
 Live stock, care of 366 
 
 men in charge of 368 
 
 not to be confined in cars beyond period prescribed 
 
 by law 367 
 
 Makihg up trains. Moving cars 349 
 
 Manifests or slip manifests to accompany freight 350 
 
 Placing cars for loading or unloading, etc 67, 205 
 
 Refusal to take cars or freight 67, 205 
 
 Reporting neglected or forgotten cars 349 
 
 Reports and records 203a, 365 
 
 Responsibilities of conductors 347 
 
 Sealing cars 349 
 
 Transferring freight 212, 353, 363 
 
 Transmission of manifests 203 
 
 Correspondence, Etc. 
 
 Books, etc., not to be opened to public inspection 53 
 
 Communications to treat of but one subject : delays in an- 
 swering, etc 47 
 
 Copies of correspondence, corrections, reports, etc., to be kept 49 
 
 Copies of manifests, etc., furnishing 49, 50, 202 
 
 Dates, writing ()9 
 
 Filing correspondence, station records, etc 51 
 
 Not to be handed to shippers or consignees 53 
 
 Pen and ink to be used {See also Adcknda, page 200) 69 
 
 Record to be kept of reports, tracers, claims, issue of duplicate 
 
 shipping receipts, duplicate expense bills, etc 50, 249 
 
 Requests for copies of tariffs, circulars, rate orders, etc 47 
 
 Tracers 48, 243, 244, 249 
 
 Use of telegraph 47 
 
 Credit, giving 59 
 
 Dating stamps, care of 61 
 
 Delivery of Freight. 
 
 Allowing consignees to examine contents of packages or break 
 
 car seals before making deliverv 260 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 187 
 
 Paragraph. 
 Delivery of Yrieigut— continued. 
 
 Bills of lading or shipping receipts to be retained 254i 
 
 Bonds of indemnity to be required in doubtful cases, etc 256 
 
 Charges to be paid and property receipted for before re- 
 moval 59, 254j 
 
 Checking and examining freight 62, 262, 356 
 
 Date and time of delivery, receipts to show, etc 260 
 
 Delivering straight consignments 254a 
 
 freight consigned to one party "In care of" an- 
 other 254b 
 
 freight consigned to one party * 'Notify" another 254c 
 
 " " "To order" or "To order of 
 
 shipper " 254d 
 
 freight consigned *' To order " of a certain party 254e 
 
 (( 
 
 
 (4 
 
 t( 
 
 (k 
 
 U 
 
 u 
 
 or "To order of 
 
 44 
 
 44 
 
 (4 
 (4 
 
 t( 
 
 shipper," " Notify " a certain party 254 F 
 
 freight consigned " To order " of one party, 
 
 " Notify " another party 254G 
 
 freight consigned to express company 254H 
 
 for stations having no agents 261, 356 
 
 in bond — See Merchandise in bond. 
 
 " lighterage free, etc 44 
 
 over or not duly accounted for 241, 255 
 
 to connecting lines, ferry or lighterage 
 
 companies, etc 258 
 
 freight to draymen or others 257, 258 
 
 ' ' parties other than original consignees, etc. , 279 
 
 " strangers; identification required 256 
 
 way freight 235, 355, 356 
 
 Delivery orders; renewal, etc 254, 257, 258 
 
 receipts 260, 270 
 
 Expense bills ; particulars to be given 263 
 
 Advanced charges 264 
 
 Cartage, storage, demurrage, icing charges, etc 269 
 
 Dating and receipting 263, 271 
 
 Divisions of through rates not to be shown 264 
 
 Duplicate expense bills, or copies. Furnishing blanks 50, 272, 273 
 
 Freight to be checked with expense bills 262 
 
 Goods short and afterwards received 263 
 
 In case of shortage 265 
 
 Notations referring to damage or shortage 264 
 
 Numbering 263 
 
 " Part lots " 267 
 
 Prepaid shipments 268 
 
 Separate expense bills to be made for each consignment 270 
 
 Weights 264 
 
 Special directions, when necessary, to be noted on manifests. .169, 173 
 Stopping delivery 278, 279 
 
 Demurrage or car service charges, etc 19, 37, 198 
 
 Describing freight; use of terms "Mdse.," "Fancy goods," 
 
 etc 20h, 83, 102, 183 
 
 Distilled spirits and malt liquors to bear U. S. revenue stamps, etc. .15, 88 
 
 removal from distilleries, etc 89 
 
 stamps, etc. on empty packages 
 to be removed or effaced 88 
 
 (4 
 14 
 
 4( 
 4( 
 
 4( 
 (( 
 
 4( 
 44 
 
 44 
 (4 
 
i88 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Paragraph. 
 
 Divisions of rates ; instructions to be asked in case of doubt 38 
 
 *' " " not to be given to siiippers or consignees 42, 264 
 
 Dunnage 121 
 
 Duplication of claims, tracing, etc., prevention of 50, 345 
 
 Engineers and conductors to comply with agents' instructions as 
 
 to station work 67, 205 
 
 Examination and Correction of Manifests. 
 
 Adjustment of debits and credits 232 
 
 All manifests to be examined by forwarding and receiving 
 
 All manifests to be examined at junction points 227, 228 
 
 Amount to be collected in case of an overcharge which may 
 
 be apparent only 230 
 
 Amount to be collected in case of an apparent undercharge 231 
 
 Authority for corrections to be shown 215, 233 
 
 Canceling or changing destination of manifests 199, 215 
 
 Changing consignee or destination 279. 282 
 
 Correcting advanced charges 222, 223, 228G 
 
 charges on refused shipments 226 
 
 " "to collect " 222, 228 
 
 errors as to consignee or destination 279 
 
 " " shipping directions, route, marking, 
 
 etc 71,84,172, 227, 240 
 
 overcharges on "prepaid " shipments 225 
 
 prepaid charges 223-226 
 
 rates 221 
 
 undercharges on ' ' prepaid " shipments 224 
 
 weights 167, 229 
 
 Correction notices, accepted 217 
 
 copies to be retained 49 
 
 correcting 219 
 
 issuing 201, 214 
 
 not accepted 218 
 
 notations to be dated and signed 220 
 
 original figures not to be erased 216 
 
 particulars to be given in 215 
 
 record to be kept of 49, 50, 56 
 
 (( 
 
 (( 
 
 ii 
 
 ii 
 
 4( 
 (( 
 
 n 
 
 (( 
 
 .1 
 
 u 
 i( 
 
 Explosives or Other Dangerous Articles. 
 
 Carding cars containing 156 
 
 Forwarding, delivering, etc 146 
 
 Loading, stowing, etc 143-145 
 
 Marking 145 
 
 Over or uncalled for 146 
 
 Receiving 14, 90, 145 
 
 Separate place to be provided for; lights not to be allowed 
 
 near 143, 145 
 
 Forwarding Cars and Freight. 
 
 Prompt dispatch to be given 100, 204 
 
 Record to be kept of time of arrival and departure 207 
 
 Refusal of conductors to take cars or freight 205 
 
 Freight billed as marked or consigned, but not wanted 195 
 
 " to wrong consignee or destination 195,279 
 
 left in transit 203f, 206, 363 
 
 ti 
 
 INDEX. 189 
 
 Paragraph. 
 
 Freight put in store 283 
 
 " seized under legal process •.•"•. ^^^ 
 
 *' stopping delivery of, changing consignee or destination,^ 
 
 reshipping, returning, etc 195, 278-282 
 
 Freight Unclaimed, Uncalled for or Refused. 
 
 Action to be taken by billing or forwarding agents 276 
 
 '* " '* receiving agents 274,275,277 
 
 Combustible or dangerous articles 146 
 
 Failure to receive orders for disposal 275, 277 
 
 Notice to be given of disposal 277 
 
 Perishable freight ^. • .275 
 
 Putting in store 18, 276, 283 
 
 Refusal on account of alleged loss, damage or overcharge — 274, 329 
 " " "■ '* charges 226 
 
 Bhirnishing lists of compan3''s officers or agents 54 
 
 " " " names, with particulars as to financial standing, 
 
 etc 54 
 
 Government freight, advancing charges on Ill 
 
 *' " delivery of, and collection of charges 112 
 
 ** *' preparing for shipment 110 
 
 " " receiving ; Government bills of lading 109 
 
 Grain doors, use of ; material for, etc 121 
 
 '* graded or not graded ; elevator or track delivery ; 
 
 stopping off or milling in transit, etc 20e, 94, 184 
 
 " weights, receipting for 101 
 
 Guarantee or prepayment, articles required on 17, 76, 76 
 
 " neglect to require. Agents held responsible 73 
 
 ** on freight coming from other lines 73 
 
 Guarantees, acceptance of in lieu of prepayment 17 
 
 " and releases, execution of, etc. ; filing 20m, 71, 73 
 
 " collection of charges under 73, 343 
 
 Holding freight for rates or shipping orders 89 
 
 Icing cars — examination of iced cars, etc 125, 169 
 
 " charges if any to be provided for in receipts, etc 44 
 
 " '' entering on manifests and expense bills 198,269 
 
 Inspection of books, papers, etc., allowing 53 
 
 Instructions of superior officers to be complied with 34 
 
 " to be asked for in case of doubt 34, 38 
 
 Insurance, issuing shipping receipts or bills of lading covering 77 
 
 Laws, interstate and state to be complied with 52 
 
 Lighterage ; providing for extra charges ; free lighterage, etc 44, 194 
 
 Live Stock. 
 
 Advanced charges on 321, 325 
 
 Animals to be tied or secured when in less than carloads 315 
 
 Cars not to be overloaded 308 
 
 Conditions under which carried 297 
 
 Contracts, execution of 301 
 
 Counting number of animals; entering on receipts, con- 
 tracts, etc 316, 317 
 
 Delivery; discrepancies; stock refused or uncalled for 328 
 
 Double-decking or partitioning cars 313, 314 
 
 Examining cars 311 
 
 Expense of feeding and watering 325 
 
 Giving preference in case of scarcity of cars 115 
 
 Hay, straw, etc., loading in cars containing stock 327 
 
190 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 191 
 
 <ii • 
 
 TO, .' -, Paragraph. 
 
 Live Stock— continued. 
 
 Leaving animals in transit 326 
 
 Loading, unloading and caring for 299, 316, 324 
 
 " different kinds of stock in same car 312 
 
 '* in cars containing merchandise 315 
 
 Marking ; marks to be entered on receipts, contracts and 
 
 manifests 310, 320 
 
 Men in charge 309 
 
 Names of consignors and consignees to be given in full 318 
 
 Notation " Live Stock " to be made on outside of manifests a .322 
 
 Not to be confined in cars beyond period prescribed by law 323 
 
 Receipting for; not to be receipted for until loaded 301, 302 
 
 Receiving for shipment on Saturdays, etc 303 
 
 Responsibility for loss or damage 298, 299 
 
 Time of loading to be shown 323 
 
 Time, ti*ain or market not guaranteed 300 
 
 Removing from cars in transit 324 
 
 Use of entire car required 307 
 
 Valuable race horses, etc., fancy stock, poultry 304, 305 
 
 Valuation 319 
 
 Vicious or spirited animals 306 
 
 Loading, Handling and Stowing Freight. 
 
 Agricultural implements, etc 139 
 
 Apples, vegetables, etc. in open or stock cars 123 
 
 Articles on platform cars 134-136-138, 140 
 
 '' " top of box or stock cars 137 
 
 Brick or stone blocking not to be used 132 
 
 Bulky or heavy articles. Articles requiring more than one 
 
 car 126, 135, 136 
 
 Butter, eggs and cheese 133 
 
 Carboys, etc., containing liquids 26, 134 
 
 Care to be exercised ; precautionary marks to be observed 132 
 
 Carpeting, oilcloth, etc. ; goods in bales; casks or barrels 132 
 
 Carriages, engines, machinery, etc 134 
 
 Cars, examination and selection of— See Cars. 
 
 Cars loaded by shippers or by other lines 141 
 
 Cars not to be overloaded .^ 127 
 
 Charges, if any, made for loading, to be provided for 44 
 
 Cleating car doors open 1 23 
 
 Combustible articles 122, 146 
 
 Cotton, hay, straw, cotton waste, rags, etc 122, 144 
 
 Defects in loading, remedying 134, 114 
 
 Distilled spirits, malt liquors, etc 88, 89 
 
 Distribution of cars 115 
 
 of lading 127, 136 
 
 Economy to be exercised in use of cars 126 
 
 Examining and checking freight 147, 355 
 
 Explosives and other dangerous articles 143-146 
 
 Fertilizers and other offensive articles 120, 132 
 
 Foreign or line cars 116 
 
 Fragile or easily broken articles, glass, stoves, furniture, 
 
 etc 132, 134 
 
 Freight for places in different districts or on different 
 
 divisions 128 
 
 Freight hooks, use of 1,32 
 
 in bulk 13,121, 142 
 
 4k 
 
 Paragraph* 
 
 Loading, Handling and Stowing Freight— continued. 
 
 Freight liable to damage from water 121 
 
 Furnishing covers for carriages, etc 140 
 
 " stakes or racks for platform cars 138, 139 
 
 *' grain doors or material for blocking, etc 121 
 
 Grain, feed, etc 121, 130, 131 
 
 Holding freight for loading in way train 126 
 
 Lining cars ; use of stoves, etc 124 
 
 Loading car on main track • 67 
 
 Loading package freight in cars containing freight in bulk 
 
 or destined to elevator 130 
 
 Lumber, posts, etc., on platform cars 138 
 
 Merchandise, etc 119, 125, 132 
 
 Mixed carloads ; different shipments in same car 129 
 
 Notations to be made on shipping orders, etc 147 
 
 Oil. turpentine or other liquids 132, 143 
 
 Refrigerator cars 125 
 
 Released, or " owner's risk " shipments 132 
 
 Tankage or fertilizers in bulk, petroleum, etc 120 
 
 Through and way freight to be in separate cars 128 
 
 Time of loading, recording 147 
 
 Manifesting Freight, Etc. 
 
 Abbreviations, use of 181, 183 
 
 Advanced charges 197 
 
 Address of party to be notified to be given 181, 182 
 
 Agreed valuation * 186 
 
 Altering manifests or slip manifests in transit 203d 
 
 Articles in bundles or crates 183 
 
 Astray freight 195, 249 
 
 Authority for rates to be shown 193 
 
 Billing as a " lot " 183 
 
 authority HO, 171 
 
 Bridge tolls, etc 194 
 
 Bulk freight .^ .183 
 
 Carding notations, etc 157, 180 
 
 • Car numbers and initials, etc 1*^7, 178 
 
 Cars to be kept together ^ 173 
 
 Charges accruing in transit ' 198 
 
 Computations and footings 197 
 
 Consignments billed on two or more manifests 173 
 
 Contractions ' 'c/o. ' 'and "0/0. " use of, for ' 'Care of , " and "Order of ". 181 
 
 Cooperage, icing, cartage, storage, demurrage, etc 198 
 
 Copies of manifests, making and furnishing 49, 53, 202 
 
 Copying in freight forwarded and freight received books 56 
 
 " Corrected '' manifests: manifests made void 199 
 
 Dating 69, 175 
 
 Describing freight 183 
 
 Distinguishing marks or brands 181 
 
 Duplicate manifests 53, 202 
 
 Errors, corrections of— See Examination and correction of 
 manifests. 
 
 Exceptions as to quantity or condition of freight 189 
 
 Freight for interior points 181 
 
 '' forwarded from or destined to stations having no agents. 176 
 
 '* from other lines 92, 171, 172 
 
 " loaded by shippers 186 
 
H i 
 
 |i « 
 
 192 INDEX. 
 
 Manifesting Freight, Etc.— continued. Paragraph. 
 
 Freight not to be forwarded unless manifested 169 
 
 " reshipped or returned 1*95 281 
 
 " to he stopped oftin transit— (See Addenda, page hoo)^ 
 
 Goods short between time of receipt and loading 190 
 
 " " from other lines .189 
 
 Grain .].!!..*.'..*..*. 184 
 
 " doors, dunnage, etc 121 
 
 Government freight 110 
 
 Household goods, furniture, etc 183 
 
 Kind, size or carrying capacity of cars ....... 191 "" 
 
 Long articles, requiring more than one car 168 169 
 
 Lumber and coal ' Ig5 
 
 Name of consignee and destination, State or Territory and county 181 
 
 Notations 200 
 
 Numbering \^.. ...... ..[.......... .. 174 
 
 Numbers and initials of cars 177 178 
 
 *' Order'' shipments .'.182 
 
 Particulars of consignment to be given 17.S 
 
 *' Part lots " i v.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'. 173 
 
 Perishable freight ...ISS 
 
 Prepaid shipments .*!!...!..*!... 1 96 
 
 *' Property ahead " .................[[... 179 
 
 Hates 192-] 96 
 
 "Released," " owner's risk," " agreed valuation," "shipper's 
 
 tally," etc f ; 186 
 
 Revision of manifests ; filing shipping orders 201 
 
 Routing 38 j^g 281 
 
 Seals or other car door fastenings ......' .'.180 
 
 Separate manifests for each loaded car and for shipments des- 
 tined to different stations 168 169 
 
 Shipments divided in transit '.192 
 
 Slip manifests ...!.!.... 169 
 
 Special directions as to grading, stopping off, sending notice, 
 
 delivery, etc , 169, 173 
 
 Stations from which and to which billed to be shown 176 
 
 Through billing ne, 194, 227 
 
 " rates and divisions, transfer charges, etc 194 
 
 Transferred shipments 173 212 
 
 "Weight and charges ahead" or "Weight and charges to 
 
 follow," etc 92, 179 
 
 Weights, entering on manifests .'.191 
 
 Manifests, canceling or changing destination of. "Corrected" 
 
 manifests 199. 215 
 
 comparing with car numbers and initials 203A-C 
 
 *' delayed or missing 243, 249 
 
 " for freight left in transit or at stations having no agents 203f, 363 
 
 " furnishing copies or statements for billing 49, 53, 202 
 
 " received ; numbering, filing, etc 51 
 
 ** record to be kept of time of receipt and forwarding 207 
 
 " transmission of; sending by passenger train, etc. . . 169, 203, 207 
 
 Marking Freight. 
 
 All freight to be marked. Method of marking 31, 31a 
 
 Articles in bundles or crates 3ic 
 
 Butter, eggs and cheese 31g 
 
 Carload shipments 31 
 
 INDEJi. 193 
 
 Paragraph. 
 
 Marking Frkigkt— continued. 
 
 Correcting errors or discrepancies 71, 84, 172, 240 
 
 Cotton, etc 31 
 
 Explosives and other dangerous articles 145 
 
 Fragile or easily broken articles, etc 3lF 
 
 Goods returned or reshipped 282 
 
 Government freight 110 
 
 Household goods, furniture, etc 31h 
 
 Old marks to be obliterated or effaced 3lB 
 
 " " u t« removed from cars before loading 117 
 
 "Order " shipments, etc 3lD 
 
 Perishable freight 3lE 
 
 Precautionary marks 31, 3lF, 132 
 
 Means to be used to advance the interests of the company 35 
 
 Memorandum bills, etc 92 
 
 Merchandise in Bond, Etc. 
 
 Articles on platform or flat cars 290 
 
 Canadian merchandise in transit through the United States 
 
 pages 122-126 
 
 Carding cars 291 
 
 Car door fastenings ; record to be kept, etc 288, 289 
 
 " " examination of 293 
 
 " " removal of 288 
 
 *' " " " in case of accident 294 
 
 Conditions under which carried 285 
 
 Customs manifests to accompany cars 287, 292 
 
 Delivery, etc 296 
 
 Entry and transfer from vessel or warehouse, etc 286 
 
 Loading free and bonded goods in same car 295 
 
 Papers to be marked ' ' In bond " 299 
 
 Sealing or locking cars 288 
 
 Transferring 294 
 
 Transportation of dutiable goods in or through Canada, pages . 127-130 
 
 Misrepresentation of freight 20h, 86 
 
 Money and safes, care of 60 
 
 " legally current and of full value required; mutilated coin, etc. .59 
 " record to be kept of receipts and disbursements. Remittances. 57 
 
 Needs of patrons to be reported 35 
 
 Notations "Owner's risk," "Released," "Shipper's tally," 
 
 " Charges guaranteed," etc., to be written in full 97 
 
 Notations to be dated and signed. To be full and explicit. . .200, 220, 248 
 
 Notices of arrival 253 
 
 Oil, kerosene, naptha, benzole, benzine, etc., carding cars containing. 156 
 
 * * cars for 120 
 
 " " not to be used for merchandise, etc 119 
 
 " forwarding, removal of, etc.; over, unclaimed or uncalled for 146 
 
 " handling, stowing, loading, etc 132, 143 
 
 " receiving 14, 90 
 
 " to be kept separate from other goods ; lights not to be allowed 
 
 near 143 
 
 " to be properly marked, etc 145 
 
 Old cards, seals and marks to be removed from cars 117, 159 
 
 " marks on packages to be obliterated or effaced 3lB, 282 
 
 ^' Order " shipments, delivery of 20c, 254c-G 
 
 *' *♦ manifesting 182 
 
194 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Paragraph. 
 
 *' Order "' shipments, marking 31d 
 
 name and address of party to be notified to 
 
 be given 20c, 182 
 
 notations on manifests and expense bills 182, 264 
 
 not received for stations having no freight agents. 20c 
 receiving ; shipping orders for, etc 20c 
 
 «44 
 
 (t 
 
 it 
 
 H 
 
 it 
 
 u 
 
 Over, Short or Damaged Freight, Etc. 
 
 Combustible or dangerous articles , 
 
 Discrepancies adjusted 
 
 discovered between time of arrival and deli very. 237, 
 
 " *' " receipt and loading 
 
 Discrepancy in marks, or in car numbers or initials 
 
 Examining and checking freight in case of apparent shortage 
 
 or damage 
 
 Freight apparently manifested in error 
 
 " found on tracks 
 
 over and marked for another station 
 
 " " " station at which found 
 
 " at junction points 238, 
 
 " delivery of 241, 
 
 short from other lines ; manifesting 
 
 without manifests 
 
 Making reports 237, 238, 247, 
 
 Manifests without freight 
 
 Over or short freight accounted for, etc 
 
 Perishable freight 252, 
 
 Record to be kept of discrepancies 56, 92, 
 
 Reports, copies and record to be kept of 49, 
 
 " to receive prompt attention 
 
 Tracers, etc 
 
 Written reports to be made in addition to reports by wire 
 
 Paper stock, cars for, handling, etc.; not promptly removed, 122, 144, 
 Pencils not to be used in lieu of pen and in k 
 
 
 146 
 250 
 262 
 237 
 240 
 
 246 
 245 
 .64 
 242 
 241 
 239 
 255 
 189 
 243 
 248 
 244 
 250 
 275 
 249 
 249 
 249 
 .48 
 251 
 
 146 
 .69 
 
 Perishable Freight. 
 
 Address of party to be notified of arrival to be given 72 
 
 Carding 155 
 
 Charges to be prepaid or guaranteed 17, 73 
 
 Collecting charges on 275 
 
 Furnishing cars for 1 15 
 
 Lining cars; use of stoves 124 
 
 Manifesting 188 
 
 Marking 3lE 
 
 Over, short, or received without manifests 252 
 
 Selling 18, 275 
 
 Tracers 48 
 
 Transferring 209, 211 
 
 Unclaimed, uncalled for or refused , 275 
 
 Piling lumber or other material near tracks 63 
 
 Posting tariffs, notices, etc 52 
 
 Prepaid Shipments. 
 
 Accepting and receipting for 39, 74, 108 
 
 Arriving with charges 226 
 
 Articles on which prepayment is required 17, 75, 76 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 19S 
 
 Paragraph. 
 
 Prepaid Shipments. — continued. 
 
 Correcting charges on 223, 226 
 
 Expense bills for 268 
 
 Manifesting 196 
 
 Money to accompany 74 
 
 Neglect to require prepayment or guarantee 73 
 
 Overcharges on. (See also Claims) 225 
 
 Undercharges on 224 
 
 Preparing Freight for Shipment. 
 
 All articles to be properly packed or secured 22 
 
 Articles subject to peculation, etc 23 
 
 Carriage covers, furnishing, etc . . .' 140 
 
 " curtains, cushions, etc 27 
 
 Cigars and cigarettes 28 
 
 Cooperage, freight subject to, 22, 246 
 
 Fine furs in bundles or sacks 30 
 
 Fruit and vegetables 25, 123 
 
 Goods in paper bundles or boxes 30 
 
 Government freight 110 
 
 Liquids in carboys, bottles, etc 26 
 
 Sewing machines 29 
 
 Trunks containing personal effects, etc 24 
 
 Racks used on platform cars 139 
 
 Rate orders ; entering particulars in -rate books 40 
 
 '' " filing ; orders made void 51 
 
 Rates. 
 
 Advances and reductions in rates ; posting tariffs, notices, etc. . . .52 
 
 Advising customers of changes in 41 
 
 Agreed valuation. . ., 20l, 71 
 
 Applying for. Advising of acceptance or non-acceptance 40 
 
 Articles of different classes in same package 20h 
 
 Articles provided for "released" or at "owner's risk*' only 20l 
 
 Astray freight 195 
 
 Authority for rates to be entered on manifests 193 
 
 Carrier's risk 20L, 71 
 
 Company's freight ; employes' freight. . . : 46 
 
 Correcting 221 
 
 Divisions not to be given in quoting rates or in expense bills.. 42, 264 
 
 Emptv packages returned • 87 
 
 Entering on manifests (See Addenda, page 200.) 192-194 
 
 Extra charges to be provided for 44, 45 
 
 Freight for points to which through rates are not in force 39, 196 
 
 " "or from stations having no freight agents 192 
 
 ** misrepresented i'^^ 
 
 " returned or reshipped 195, 275 
 
 Government freight ^^^ 
 
 Greater charge not to be made for smaller quantity 192 
 
 "Owner's risk" 20j, 71 
 
 Points between which rates apply to be shown 43, 194 
 
 Quoting i-ates. Inserting in shipping receipts or bills of 
 
 lading 38. 42-46. 95, 98, 106, 107 
 
 Rates claimed by shippers or others, but not authorized 38 
 
 Rates quoted by other lines 38 
 
 ' 'Released" 20k, 71 
 
 Renewal of rates "^^ 
 
196 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 197' 
 
 ' 
 
 ' 
 
 JEIates — continued. 
 
 Routing, correction of errors or discrepancies in 71, 172, 227 
 
 Shipments transferred or divided in transit 192 
 
 Special rates, record to be kept of 40 
 
 Tariff to be charged unless otherwise authorized .41, 42 
 
 Through rates and" divisions, entering on manifests— (See 
 
 Addenda^ page 200) 194 
 
 '* *' ^* routing not to conflict 43,227 
 
 Two rates provided 20I-K 
 
 Receiving and Receipting for Freight. 
 
 Shipping orders, shipping receipts, and bills of lading. 
 
 Advancing charges 76, 108, 111 
 
 Ale and beer. Empty packages 20g 
 
 Altering shipping receipts or bills of lading 104 
 
 Articles not received 12 
 
 *' of different classes in same package 20h 
 
 " unusual length, height, width or weight 135 
 
 " provided for '* released " or at owner's risk only 20l 
 
 " subject to U. S. revenue tax 15 
 
 Assisting shippers in making out shipping orders— $ee foot- 
 note, paragraph 71. 
 
 Bills of lading, issuing 96 
 
 " " *' not to be given beyond delivering station 99 
 
 " " " to agree with original shipping receipts 97 
 
 Car numbers and initials 103 
 
 Cars loaded beyond safe carrying capacity 82 
 
 Changing shipping directions or marks, etc 71, 84, 172, 227 
 
 Charges advanced 108 
 
 '' guaranteed, etc 73, 77^ 97 
 
 Condition of freight, discrepancies, etc 84, 85 
 
 Correcting errors in shipping directions, routing, marking, 
 
 etc 71, 84, 172, 227 
 
 Date and time of receipt of freight, recording 71, 92 
 
 Dating shipping receipts and bills of lading 93, 94, 97 
 
 Describing freight. Articles to be enumerated 20h, 83, 102 
 
 Distilled spirits, malt liquors, etc 88, 89 
 
 Duplicate or triplicate receipts or bills of lading, copies, etc. 50, 93, 98 
 Examining and checking freight. Record to be kept. . .62, 84, So, 92 
 
 Explosives and other dangerous articles 14, 90 
 
 Extra charges for special delivery, icing, cooperage, demur- 
 rage, etc 44, 107 
 
 Extra charge for use of special cars (refrigerator, heater, 
 
 horse, etc.) 45, 107 
 
 Forms to be used for shipping receipts and bills of lading 93, 97 
 
 Freight coming from other lines 71, 84, &3, 92 
 
 '* consigned to order 2()C, 182 
 
 ** for interior points 20b 
 
 " " railroad company. Employes' freight 20d, 46 
 
 " " stations having no freight agents 17, 78 
 
 " '* " without sidings 91 
 
 " In bulk 13 
 
 " loaded by shippers 79, 82, 97 
 
 " " in open or on platform cars 81,123 
 
 ** not to be received and held for shipping orders or rates. .39 
 
 " not worth transportation charges 75 
 
 " offered in bad order 85 
 
 ■** received in rain or snow, etc 80 
 
 it 
 (( 
 (i 
 
 Paragraph. 
 
 Receiving and Receipting for Freight, Etc.— continued. 
 
 Freight returned or reshipped, etc 279-282 
 
 taken at an agreed valuation 20i, 71, 77, 97 
 
 '' " owner's risk 20j, 71, 77, 97 
 
 *' " released " or "charges guaranteed ''20k-m, 71, 77, 97 
 
 to be examined and checked before issuing receipts 84 
 
 •* to be stopped off in transit {See Addenda, page 200). 
 
 Government property 109-112 
 
 Grain 20e, 94, lOl 
 
 Guarantees 20 m, 71, 73 
 
 Household goods, furniture, etc 30h 
 
 Indorsements on bills of lading, etc 254C-G 
 
 '' stamped — See foot-note, paragraph 20c 
 
 Insuring against fire or marine risks 77 
 
 Lighterage, etc 44 
 
 Lumber and coal 20 F 
 
 Manifests and receipts or bills of lading to agree 105 
 
 Misrepresentation of freight 86 
 
 Name and address of consignee or party to be notified to be 
 
 given in full 20, 72, 181 
 
 Notations to appear on both shipping orders and receipts 94 
 
 Numbering and filing shipping orders 71, 201 
 
 Original shipping receipts to be surrendered upon issue of 
 
 bills of lading, etc 97, 98 
 
 " Part lots '' 97 
 
 Prepayment or guarantee of charges required 73 
 
 Prepaid shipments 74 
 
 Rates 38, 42-46, 95, 106, 107 
 
 Receipts not to be issued before property is received 93 
 
 '* "• guarantee delivery beyond company's line 95 
 
 " to be compared with shipping orders 94 
 
 Refusal of shippers to comply with rules and regulations 70 
 
 Requiring surrender of original shipping receipts or bills of 
 
 lading before delivery oT freight 254, 255 
 
 Requiring surrender of original shipping receipts or bills of , 
 
 lading where delivefy is to be stopped or freight returned 
 
 or reshipped, etc 279 
 
 Returned empty packages 20 G, 87 
 
 Returning shipping receipts or bills of lading to consignees, 
 
 etc. — See foot-note, paragraph 254 1 
 
 Routing 20 A, 38 
 
 Separate receipts or bills of lading for each consignment 93 
 
 " " " •' "■ shipments made on dif- 
 ferent days 97 
 
 " Shipper's tally," etc 79, 97 
 
 Shipping orders, releases, etc.; verbal orders not sufficient. . .20a-m, 71 
 
 *• receipts, issuing [See Addenda, page 200) 93 
 
 Freight coming from other lines 71, 171, 172 
 
 Signing shipping receipts or bills of lading 69, 93 
 
 State or Territory to be given ; street and number 20, 72, 181 
 
 Time, train or through carriage not to be guaranteed 100 
 
 Weight, guaranteeing 101 
 
 " or quantity, entering 101, 102 
 
 Record of cars and manifests received and forwarded 92, 207 
 
 Records, allowing examination of 53 
 
 filing 51 
 
 keeping 55-58 
 
 
198 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 If 
 
 
 Paragraph. 
 
 Refusal or failure of connecting lines to receive and forward 
 
 freight g 92 
 
 " of conductors to take cars or freight V. ...... ..(oi 205 
 
 Re paring packages containing freight ' 246 
 
 Reports, etc '..'.'.'.'.'.'.'.id] 58/ 248 
 
 *' written in addition to telegraphic 251 
 
 Returning car linings, stoves, etc ...]2-i 
 
 '' reshipping or changing destination of freight 195, 278^282 
 
 Route, entering on manifests 175 
 
 " marking to show 31 
 
 ;; selection of. V. V. V.V. V;.20aV38 
 
 specifying in shipping orders, etc 20a, b 
 
 Routing, correction of errors in 71 34 170 227 
 
 '' instructions to be asked for in case of doubt .T.T38 
 
 not to conflict with rating 43^ 176 227 
 
 returned shipments ,' , _ .'.281 
 
 ' • empty packages 2OG 
 
 Sealing Cars ; Examination of Seals, Etc. 
 
 At point of loading and unloading 143 
 
 Care of sealing apparatus and seals 153 
 
 Cars containing freight in bond— See Merchandise in bond. 
 
 " found with seals broken, missing or defective 148, 149, 151 
 
 " from non-sealing stations 149 
 
 Examination at junction points 151 
 
 " " receiving stations 148, 234. 2.3;) 
 
 *' by conductors and in transit 149, 152 
 
 Old seals 117, 152 
 
 Record to be kept 92, 152, 365 
 
 Removing car door fastenings in transit .' '. 150 
 
 " " " " case of bonded freight 288,294 
 
 Second-hand packages ; old marks to be obliterated or efl'aced 31b 
 
 " or re-coopered packages, record to be kept of, etc 85, 246 
 
 Settlements with connecting lines, lighterage or transfer com- 
 panies, etc 55 
 
 Soliciting subscriptions, furnishing names, etc 54 
 
 Stopping delivery of freight to consignees 278, 279 
 
 Storage or demurrage charges, collection of, etc 18, 19, 37, 198, 269 
 
 Storing freight, notice to be given, etc 18, 276, 283 
 
 Switching cars for other lines ;j5 
 
 " charges, collecting and accounting for 198 
 
 ** *' providing for 44 
 
 Terms and Conditions Under Which Freight is Received for 
 Transportation. 
 
 Articles not received 12 
 
 on which prepayment is required. Acceptance of 
 
 guarantees 17 
 
 subject to U. S. Revenue Tax, etc 15 
 
 Explosives and other dangerous articles 14 
 
 Freight awaiting removal by consignees 7 
 
 destined beyond company's line 6 
 
 in bulk * ] 13 
 
 loaded by shippers. Cars furnished 9, 10 
 
 " in open or on platform cars 11 
 
 not promptly removed. Detention of cars 18, 19 
 
 on private tracks or sidings or at stations having no agents. 8 
 
 a 
 
 (I 
 
 
 INDEX. 199 
 
 Paragraph. 
 
 Terms and Conditions— contini^ed. 
 
 Marking freight 31A-H 
 
 Payment of charges. Back charges 16 
 
 Preparing freight for shipment 22-30 
 
 Responsibility assumed for property when receipted for only 1 
 
 ** for loss or damage. Basis of settlement 4, 5 
 
 Shipping orders, releases, guarantees, etc 20 A-M 
 
 Train, time or through carriage not guaranteed 2, 3 
 
 Weights 21 
 
 Time, special, desired ; general office to be advised 100 
 
 Tracers 43 
 
 Transferring Freight. 
 
 Carding freight transferred en route 158 
 
 Cars dangerously loaded 210 
 
 '' disabled 21I 
 
 " not allowed to run 209 
 
 " overloaded by shippers 82, 141, 213 
 
 Checking and examining freight when transferring 84,' 212 
 
 Fragile articles, goods liable to damage from the weather, etc. . .209 
 
 Freight coming from or destined to other lines 208 
 
 Lack of cars of sufficient cnrrying capacity for reloading 209 
 
 Merchandise, lumber, coal, pig-iron, etc 211 
 
 in bond— See Merchandise in bond. 
 
 Perishable freight 211 
 
 Record to Ije liept of transfers 212 
 
 Transfers to be shown by manifests, etc 178, 212, 263 
 
 Unloading Freight. 
 
 Freight in bulk 13^ 142 
 
 Time of. to be recorded : '. 234 
 
 Special charges, if any, to be provided for 44 
 
 Goods to be examined and checked 234 
 
 " unloaded from passing trains 235 
 
 Property coming from other lines 236 
 
 U. S. revenue stamps, use of, cancellation, etc 15, 88 
 
 Warehouses or depots not to be left open without some one in charge 62 
 
 Weather record, keeping gg 
 
 Weighing Freight.— (5e€ Corrigenda, page 200). 
 
 Carload shipments 1(51 
 
 Less carload shipments . . .*. 160 
 
 Correcting errors 167 229 
 
 Examining manifests and slip manifests 165 
 
 Freight coming from other lines 164 
 
 " for prepaid stations 163 
 
 Two or more sets of weights 167 
 
 Weighing at destination 166 
 
 ' ' in transit 162 
 
 '' Weight and charges ahead " or ** to follow "—billing or accepting 
 
 billing 92, 179 
 
 Weight not to be guaranteed lOl 
 
 Weights to be charged for 21, 167, 191 
 
 m\ 
 
tt .^ 
 
 s 
 
 AF'F'ENDIX. 
 
 Page. 
 
 Extracts from Revised Statutes relative to distilled spirits, etc 177-179 
 ^^44 4* a n " " transportation of live 
 
 , 180, 181 
 
 ^' from ReVised Statutes' governing" steamiwat service . . . -^^^'^^ 
 
 Imported liquors 157-176 
 
 The Act to Regulate Commerce ^^ 
 
 ADDENDA. 
 
 satisfactorily guaranteed, 
 may be made. 
 
 of the roads interested. 
 
 CORRIGENDA. 
 
 S^pifedrand the property billed in accordance with the actual weight, etc. 
 
 iSI statioSHf any, en route thus : ' To be weighed at-' etc. 
 
 200 
 
 i " 
 
 
 Osgoodby's Phonetic Shorthand : 
 
 A Method for Self-Instruction. By William W. Osgoodby, Thirty-one Tears 
 Official Stenographer of the New York Supreme Court. 
 
 The rianual.— This work has been lately revised and enlarged, and 
 greatly improved, and is offered with the assurance that it contains 
 the simplest presentation of Phonetic Shorthand yet published. The 
 plan of the book is entirely different from that of any which has 
 preceded it. The rules are progressively arranged, and have abso- 
 lutely no exceptions ; and the unnecessary and perplexing divisions 
 of the subject into corresponding and reporting styles has been 
 abandoned. Each rule has copious illustrations by which the student 
 at once understands its practical application. The rules for Phrasing 
 are simple, and the phrase-signs resulting from their use brief and 
 legible. The Manual contains over forty pages of engraved Short- 
 hand. Price, $1.50. 
 
 The Speed-Book.— This unique book furnishes drill practice for speed, 
 supplementary to the Manual, taking up one principle at a time, and 
 a student who faithfully follows the directions given, cannot fail to 
 become an expert writer. Price, $1.50. 
 
 The Reader is handsomely engraved, and is attractive on account of its 
 matter. It contains the whole of the celebrated Moon Hoax of 
 Richard Adams Locke, which so surprised and delighted the world 
 half a century ago. Price, $1.50. 
 
 Dictionary of Word-forms and Phrase-signs (engraved).— This is not 
 a mere book of reference, like those heretofore published, but is so 
 arranged, and its contents are such, that students who wish to make 
 themselves masters of this useful art will find it invaluable. Price 
 $2.00. ' 
 
 Compendium, f9r the Vest PocA:e«.— Containing illustrations of all the 
 principles of Phonetic Shorthand, with key ; classified lists of Word- 
 Signs and Contractions ; rules of Stenotypy ; etc. Price, 50 cents. 
 
 Instruction by Mail.— The most thorough and complete instruction by 
 mail will be given to students who for any reason are not able to 
 attend a school of shorthand. The entire cost (besides postage) is 
 Ten Dollars, entitling the student to copies of the Manual, Speed- - 
 Book and Reader, free. Remittances must be made by draft on New 
 York, or by postal or express order, made payable to 
 
 W. W. OSGOODBY, Rochester, N. Y., U. 5. A. 
 
 COMMENDATIONS. 
 
 Superadded to his altogether exceptional practical experience, the auth#r has 
 brought to the preparation of the work an intelligence not often to be found in 
 writers of this class of books. The result has been that we have in this system a method 
 of Shorthand that is now coming generally to be conceded as the best extant In 
 point of celerity, brevity, legibility and simplicity it has no equal. The generalization 
 of the prmciples of the art, as they have been formulated in the rules of this method, 
 show a thoroughness of comprehension on the part of the author that entitles him to 
 the student's unquestioning confidence.— T/ie Railway Seamn. 
 
 Osgoodby's system numbers among its writers some of the best reporters in the 
 Eastern States. His Manual is widely known, and is rapidly gaining favor in the 
 hands of successful students.— T/ie Phonographic World. 
 
 One of the beat methods of Shorthand Reporting that we know of.— Phonoaravhic 
 Monthly. 
 
 A most excellent Speed-Book— his latest addition to the text-bookte of his splendid 
 
 system.— National Stenographer, Chicago. 
 
 A complete Manual, admirably arranged and typographically excellent.— S7u>rt- 
 hand Review. 
 
 I have examined the books you sent me, with great interest, and think you have 
 greatly improved and simpified the Pitman system.— Prof. Peter T. Austen. Ph D . 
 F. C. S., of the Faculty of Rutger's College. 
 
 Like all your other work, able and sincere.— Pro/. F. O. Morris. 
 
ffe' 
 
 
 f^ 
 
 ^Vf\ 
 
 'ii^ 
 
 \^ 
 
 % 
 
 "* ferity* 
 
 A^f 
 
 ■MiSL-^ 
 
 s^^ 
 
 .%■ 
 
 
 L,. .*. 
 
 "^'vV'^i? 
 
 -tn^ 
 
 ^i*^«^ 
 
 ' I 
 
 '/If^'^ffi 
 
 
 
 '«^^Ai:= 
 
 /i'''t^ 
 
 '^ 
 
 ^'^V"^^' 
 
 f^ 
 
 «^A* 
 
 ,^^ 
 
 A^ 
 
 ■-^^ V 
 
 -D 
 
 ,^if; 
 
 ^;^i^ 
 
 ■W' 
 
 &*g.^'V 
 
 ^^ 
 
 i3j> 
 
 i'w 
 
 m 
 
 '^ 
 
 M^'^ 
 
 ^. 
 
 '^^ 
 
 ^ 
 
END OF 
 TITLE