Magna Britannia Notitia: ftefent Utate : ;• 0 1 -': V . Gr&atJfeitain; •With diverfe. R EMA R K S UPON The Ancient State thereof By John Chamberlayne, Efq;. ] The Thirty-feventli Edition of the South Part, called England-, and the Sixteenth of the North Part, called Scotland. | A Compleat Lift of their Royal Highnefles the Prince and I Princefsof Wales ’s Hoi^iold; as alfo thofe of their I Royal Highnefles the Duke of Cumberland, thePrincefs Amelia , and the Princefs Caroline. In Two Parts. SUifhlfiis SBajcftp’js IRopal ^ibilcge. - Taribm fe Legibus ambie Inviffce Gentes ceterna in Fct-iera mittent. c /ros, Ruwlufve fitat $ nullo difirimm habebo. LONDON: Printed for S. B i rt, T. Longman and T. S H b w i l, A. Mt u a r, J. and R. To n s o n and S. D r a p e r, C. Bathurst, G.Hawkins, E.Withers, B.Dod, J. W a r d, and M. Co ope r. M dcc XLVili. Moft Excellent MAJESTY, GEORGE II. By the Grace of G o d v o F Great-Britain , France , and Ireland\ K I N G, Defender of the FAITH, Duke of Brunswick-Lunenburgh, Elector of Hanover, Arch-Treasurer and Elector of the Sacred Roman EMPIRE. This Thirty-seventh Edition Of the pvfent State of Great-Britain, Is Moll Humbly Dedicated. contents: PART I. BOOK I. A Defcription of the Southern Part of Great- , Britain, called ENGLAND. , HAP. I. Of the Name, Climate, Di- menftons, and Diviftons of England] Page x Chap. II. Of the Bijhopricks of Eng¬ land, 3 Chap. III. Defcription of the feveral Counties of England, / 5 Chap. IV. ‘Of its Air, Soil, and Commodities, 30 Chap. V. Of its Inhabitants, their Number, Lan- ' guage, Character, 33 Chap. VI. Of Religion, *35 Chap. VII. Of Trade, 38 B O 0 K II. G O V E R N M: E N T; Chap. I. Of the. ^Government 0/ Englan291 Chap. 1 Ill; Of its Air, Soil, and Commodities,- , .3 3 j ChSp. IV. 0 / its ‘Inhabitants, their Number, Lan- • gbSge and Charafterj f , . ; .334 Chap. V. Of the Religion 0/Scotland, . * 1337 Chap. VI. Of Trade, ..... 345 : B O O K II. ... ' r;“ GOVE R N M E N .T-: tf r . Chap. I .Of the Government of Scotland in gene¬ ral,, . „ • ' Chap..; II. Of the King of Scotland,; andtherein of bis\Na»ie>i> Title, Perfori, Office, Suprepmcjf afifi Sovereignty, Power ’-and-Prerogative, . Strength, Patrimony, Arms and Refp&if*"' Chap. III. 0 / the Government of the Church, of: Scotland, . : ,35* Chap; IV. Of the Civil Government of Scotland 1 ;' 1 and firft, of the Great Officers of the State and the Crown, as they food before and ftnce the late happy Union, 372 Chap. V. Of particular Governments ; and firfl, of tbc Ecclefiaftical, Civil and Military Government ■ of the King’s Houfhold in Scotland, 377 Chap. The C O N T E N T S. Chap. VI. Of the Civil Government of Scotland in ■ the refpellive Courts of judicature, 381 B 0 O K III. . , . Of Manners, Cuftoms, Laws, lAc. Chap. I. Of Religious Manners, viz, of the Clergy* their Names, Orders, Privileges,. Revenues\alfo, of Diffenters from the Eftablijhed Church, ' 397 Chap, II. Of the Scotilh Computation, Numbering* Weights, Meafures, Money, . • 400.' Chap. III. Of the Commons of Scotland; and there¬ in of the Knights of the fhiftle, of Bannerets, Ba¬ ronets, -Knights, Lairds,- Scholars, Gentlemen, Landed Men, Citizens, Burghers, &c. 401 Chap. IV. Of the Women, Children and Servants in Scotland, . . • 404 Chap. V. Of the Laws of Scotland, 406 Chap, VI,. Of the Diet, Attire, Recreations, and ' Buildings of the Scots, 414* Chap. YU. Of Punijbmcnts in Scotland, "416 . Chap. VIII. Of Societies injlituted in Scotland /er the Advancement of Religion, whether incorporated or voluntary, ■ . •418' Chap. \X. : Of . Schools, and other Benefallions for Studies in Scotland, 419' Chap. X. Of the City of Edinburgh, - 421 The Contents of the General Lists of all the Offices and Officers employed in the feveral Branches of his Majefty’s Government in South and Nortb-Britain. ENGLISH LISTS. LIST of the Peers and Peerejfes, Pagej' A Lift of the Commons, 9 Ah Alphabetical Lift of theHoufe of Commons, 20 Names of the Archbijbops and Bi/hops, 25 A Lift of the Deans, ibid. A Lift of Prebends in the King’s Gift, 26 A Lift of the Convocation, — 27 An Alphabetical Lift of the Baronets in England, 32 A Scheme of the Stalls of the Knights of the Garter , 47 A Lift of the Knights of the Bath, • 48 The Earl-Marjhal of England, (Ac. 49 A Lift of the moft Honourable Privy-Council, 50 Secretaries of State and their Officers, 51 A Lift of the Cuftodes Rotulorum, 53 Lord-Lieutenants in England and Wales, 55 His Majefty’s Minifters in the Southern Provinces,. 56 His Majefty’s Minifters in the Northern Provinces, 57 Foreign Minifters in the Southern Province, ibid. Foreign Minifters in the Northern Province, 58 Confuls of the Southern Province, ibid. Agents for the Plantations, ' ' - 59 Lords Commijftoners for Trade and Plantations, • ibid. Lord Privy-Seal’s Office, 60 Governors and Officers in the Weft-Indies, ibid. Lords Commijftoners cf the Treafury, and all their Subor¬ dinate Officers, 1 - 63 A Lift of the Officers,of the General Poft-Office, 68 The Officers, of the Penny-Poll, 70 A Lift'of the Commijftoners of Excife, ■ '75 Commijftoners of the Cuftoms, and their Officers, . 82 The Commijftoners for the Duties on Salt, ■■'■■■ 99 Commijftoners and other Officers for Stamp Duties,. 102 King’s Officers and Servants under the Lord-Chamberlain, .IPS An Account of his Majefty’s Chapel Royal, ■■ 115 The C O N T E N T S..^ Hu Majefty's Houjhold Officer] and .Servants,’ Under the Lord Steward, , ,' . , t Page 1x9 His Majejly’s Ba'nd of Gentlemen-Penfioners, r V .. 126 The Officers of his Majefty's Went, 132 Mafter of the Great IVdrdrpbe, and his Officers, 133 A Lift of the feveral'Officers, and one hundred Yeomen of the - . Guardof his Majefty's Body} ' 134 Lift of the Officers and Servants of his Majejly's Stables, 136 ■ 'Cfommijfmers And other Officers of his Majefty’s Board oj - Works, ,v . 138 ■Commijfioners for executing'the Office of Lord High-Ad- ; miral of Great-Britain and Ireland, . 140 A Lift of the Flag-Officers of his Majefty's Fleet , 141 A General Lift of the Captains of his Majefty's Fleet ,, with the Dates of their frjl Commiffion ,, , . . - '.142 4 General Lift of the Lieutenants of his Majefty's. Fleet, " with the Dates of their firft Commiffion, 130 His Majefty's Ships and Jyffiels, 'ivitb their. Number of Men v > and Guns, , ' .. , 165 Commffioners andother Officers of theffiayy., . ,174 Commijfioners for mistuallinghis Mafefty 'j Navy, ... 176 Treafurer of the Navy-Office,, , . 177 Military Branch of r&’Ordnance, , .....178 •The EJlabliJhment of the Civil Branch of his.JMdjefty's Office • V - Ordnance, - ... 182 .Officers, Petty-Officers, at Greenwich-Hofpital, \ i 8(5 .Commijfioners of Chelfea-Hofpital, and their Officers, . ,191 lomas’r Hofpital in Southwark, . ,193 St.' George’* Hojpital, at Hy&cftftk Corner, ibid; ■Tfrel Infirmary in Petty-France, Weftininffer, • .195 The Hofpital founded by Thomas Guy,,Eft-, ibid. London-Hofpital, «r Infirmary, • 196 Hoe Officers s/ St. Bartholomew’r Hofpital, .. 197. the Officers of S Hofpital, . , "... . . , . 198 ,Governors of the ' Charter-Houfe, '• 199 A Lift of the Royal Society, 200 A Catalogue of the Fellows, Candidates, and Licentiates, of . the Royal College of Phyficians, 208 Colleges, Founders, &c. of Oxon, 211 Colleges, Founders, See. ^Cambridge, 215 EccUfiaftical Government of Weftminfter, 217 Deputy-Lieutenants of Middlefex, 219 Militia of the Tower Hamlets, 221 Governors, Sic. of Queen hmc’sBounty, 225 The C ; 0 N T E N T S. Commifftoners aniOfficers for regulating and licencing Hack- ney-Coaches and Hackney-Chairs, Page 226 €'omthilftoners and, other Officers, fir Wine-Licences, ibid. Commiffiotterr and 1 other . Officers, off the Duty arifmg from Hawkers, Pedlars, and Petty-Chapmen, 227 Officers of the Court in Dodtors-Commons, ; 228 Government of the City of London, Eccleftajlical, Civile : and.Military. 230 fhe Deputies and Common-Council of London, . 23s Lieutenancy of the City of London, 239 The Militia of the City of London, 241 Lifts'of General and Field-Officers, with the Dates of . their Commiffms, — Governor and Staff-Officers of -Gibraltar, Governor and Staff-Officers of Minorca, Office of Paymafter-General of the Land Forces, 244 263 ibid. 264 ibid. 265 Staff-Officers in Great-Britain, _ TJ Officers and Servants attending the Prince of Wales, 273 Officers and Servants.attending the Princefs of Wales, . 278 Eftablijhment of his Royal Highnefs the Duke, V 280 Eftablijbment of Princeffes Amelia. and Caroline, 281 Governor and Directors of the South-Sea Company , 282 Governors and Directors of the. Bank, 283 DireRors of the African Company , 284 Directors of the Eaft-India Company , ibid. Court of Chancery, 285 Kihg’s-Bench, 289 Court of Common-Pleas, 291 The Court of Exchequer, . 293 Serjeants at Law ’, 29s Names of the Officers if the Dutchy of Lahcafter, , 290 Of the Marffial’s-Court, ' . 297 Hojpital fir enpofed and defined young Children, 298 the Places where the feveral Offices are kept, 299 The Consent's of the SCOTISH LIST. T HENobility of Scotland * and fecond Titles, Page i A Lift of. the. Knights-.of the Thiftle, ■ ' 4 The Officers of State, • 5 The Commiftioners: of the Treafury, ibid; Barons of the Court of Exchequer, ibid. The Lords of Seffions, ■ 6 A Lift of thePr'offtbrs in the feveral Univerfities, - 7 The Juficiary and Officers under them, 26 Officers of the Admiralty, ■ , . ibid. ■ LordPrivy-Seatand hh Officers, 27. The: Officers of the Chancery, .. ' ibid. The Lord Reg ft er and his Officers , . . , ■ . ibid; The Officers of the Crown, 28 Tfo Officers ft, the King's Houjhold, ''; ibid.' TheHeretable Keepers of his Majefty’s Palaces, . -ibid. Officers of the King’s Works, • 29 Officers of ' the Wardrobe, .. . - • ■•... ' ibid.' TheLordJAm, and the reft of the Heraulds, &c. ibid.' TheSheriffs i»-Nqrth-Bjitaih, 3& Stuartrles and BaUaries in Nbrth-Britain, ’31- The Royal Burrows, &c. - ibid. The Members'of the GeneralAJfembly, 32 Officers of the Chapel-feoyal, . _ 40 Phyftciasis in Ordinary, and other Officers, - ibid.. The King’s School in Edinburgh, , ! 41 fbe Office of the Bank, . ’ ^ ibid. The. Merchant Company at Edinburgh, * > • 43' 1 7 ^ General Pof-Office at Edinburgh, ' '44’ Conmijfmers, and other Officers of the Cufioms, . . .-.. ibid.’ A Lift of the Facukf oft Adyocates', •,, v v. 53. ALft of the Members of the Society for improving Arts and ■ 'Sciences, kc."A Vs- . .' . 57 Writers to his Mftefty'j Signet ,:....... r.i. Officers of his Majeftfs Stamp-Duties , ‘ 60 The Officers of the Mint, 61 Commiftioners and other Officers of the Exclfe, ibid. Lords and others Commiftioners of Police, 63 Lord Lieutenants in North-Britain, ibid. The Baronets in Scotlaad, 64 A DESCRIPTION OF Great-Britain; And First Of the Southern Part of it, CALL’D ENGLAND. C H A P< I. Of the Name, Climate, Dimenftons, andDivifionsof ENGLAND. .] H E whole Hand of Great-Britain was jEaaTBBdlB called anciently Albion ; which Appel- " OkI leffiil ^ on retained ia Scotland by aBBJ Ej|| the' Defendants of the ancient Celts* ^ who Hill call Scotland, Alban, and the Scots, Albanacb. Afterwards, as ap¬ pears in the Time of Lucretius and Julius Gafar, this Hand was called BRITANNIA, from Britb, which in the old Britijh Tohgtie fignifies Painted (for the fame 1 ' Reafon that the Extra-Provincial Britains were afterwards called Pills, from their retaining the ancient Cuftom of painting their Skins); but about 800 Years after the Incarnation of Cbrijl (by a ipecial Edift of King Egbert, who was defcended froni the Angles, a People of the Lower Saxony, in whofe Poffeffion the greateft Part of this Country then was) the South Part was called Angle, or Englelond, or as we now pronounce it; England. Climate.] It is fituated between the Degrees 17 and 22 of Longitude, p. e . fuppofing the firft Meridian to be fixed at the Book I. B Azores; 2 €fie l^icfent State Parti. Azores; but London, jn all our late Maps, ismade the fird Me¬ ridian] as are Britany and Normandy in France, and between 50 ana 56 of Northern Latitude, as are Flanders, Zealand, Hol¬ land, Lower Saxony and Denmark, advantageoufly for Traf- fick to all Parts of the World. The longed Day in the mod Northern Parts is 17 Hours 30 Minutes, and the lliorted Day in the mod Southern Parts is al- mod 8 Hours. ©imenfionSu.] It is in Shape Triangular, the longed Side from Berwick .North, to. the- Lani’s End South-Wed, 386 Miles; from Berwick, to Sandwich, S. S. f E. about z8o Miles; ftom Sandwich. E. to.the Land’s-End W. by. S. 279 Miles. And the Perpendicular from Berwick to Portfmouth, N. and S. 320 Miles: Contains, by Computation, 39,038,500 Acres, 1,175,93.1 Houfcs; is almod ten times as big as the United Netherlands, live times as big as the Spani/h Netherlands, lefs than Italy by almod one Half, and, in Comparifon with France, is as 30 to 82. The Yearly Rent of all die Lands in England and Wales is computed at 7,500,000 Pounds, befides the Rent-of Houfes. [The Rents of' England, if all the Lands were taxed to the height, would be Ten Millions, becaufe the Land-Tax at 4 s. in the Pound (which is a fifth Part of the Whole) makes Two Millions: But as four Tenths of the Lands are fuppofed to be taxed at half the Value, we therefore add Four Millions more, and then the Rents of all the Lands of England mud amount to Fourteen Millions, which is almod Double what Mr. Chamber- layn fuppofed them to be.] i©ibiItOW.] The whole Provincial Britain, which took in Eng¬ land and the Low-Lands'of Scotland ns far as Grahm's Dike, was, in the Time of the Romans', divided into Britannia Prima, Bri¬ tannia Secunda, and Maxima C/efarienJis. The fird of thefe con¬ tained the South Part of England ; the fecond all that Weftern Part now called Wales ; and the third; the NorthernPart beyond ‘Trent ; and, by a late Divifion, into Britannia Prima, Britannia Secunda,. Fla-via Cesfarienjis, Maxima C Tart I. Chief Seats are Chatfwprth and Hardwick, the Duke of Devon- Jhire’s ',, Belvoir Cafile, Duke of Rutland's ; Brethy, Earl of Cheferjeld'.s, Sutton, .late■ Ear] of Scarf dale' s; S tamely, the Lord James Cavendijh's ; Kedlejlon, Sir f. Cur Jon's ; Walton , Sir Jonathan Jeukinfen's; Calke, Sir John Harper's ; Balfover- Cajile, Mr. Farr's ; Longford, Mr. Cook's; Me/hern, Mr. Cole's, Among the Wonders of this Shire, Buxton Wtil has two Springs, one of hot, and the other of cold Water: The Peak is famous for its three ftrange Caves of prodigious Shapes and Dimenfi- ons, called the Devil's-Arfe, Elden-Hole, and Poole s-Hole, which has been plumbed, to the Depth of 800 fathom, and yet no Bottom found. ©cbonfliire,. In the Diocefe of Exeter, 200 Miles in Circumference, con¬ tains about 1,920,000 Acres, and 56,310 Houfes. The Air fharp and healthful, the Soil hilly, woody and barren, but manured with Earth fetch’d from the Sea-fide: Its Rivers, 'lamer, Turridge, Ex, ‘Taw and Dart. The Men are ttroBg and aflive : Its Commodities are Corn, Cattle, Wool, Sea-Filh and Fowl, -Kcrfies, Serges and Bone-lace, befides the Produflion of its Mines, Lead and Tin, and fome Quantities of Silver and Load-Hone formerly on Dartmore Rocks. It has divers excellent Harbours for the Navy-Royal, as Dartmouth, Plymouth and 0- thers. It contains 394 Parilhes, and 32 Towns: The chief Town is Exeter, a very large well built City, 138 Miles from London ; a- Bifhop’s See; hath a noble Cathedral Church, and had a (Irong Cattle:. It hath a good Trade for Serges efpecially, in which they deal for 10,000/. a Week. Its chief Seats are Haytbri, Lord' Walpole's ; Culliton, Sir William Yonge's ; Pou- dram Cajile, Sir William Courtney's, Bart.; Shute, Sir William Pole's ; Pallimore, Sir John Bampfylde's ; Ape, Lady Drake's ; Calomh and Ackland, Sir Thomas Ackland’s; Werrington, Sir William Mortice's-, Pyne, Sir Henry Northcote's, Bait. ■ ©o?fetfl»re, Is in the Diocefe of BriJIol, 150 Miles in Circumference, con¬ tains about 772,000 Acres, and 21,944 Houfes; a pleafant .Country, the Air healthy, the Soil rich‘both in Pallurage and Corn-fields; the Rivers Stowre, Frame, See. famed for Tenches. Its Commodities are Com, Cattle, Wool, Filh, Fowl, Hemp and Free-Hone, with fonie .Marble. In the Ifleof Purbeck is Marble and Tobac'co-Pipe-Cjay, worth at London 30 s. a Tun: It hath 248 Parilhes', and 19 Towns; the Shire-Town is Dor- chefler, rioted for a fine Situation, 112 Poll Miles from London ; Shaftjhury for. its fine Profpeft and Market ; Sberbum for the curious Workmanlhip of its Church; Bridport for Hemp and Cables; Pool is well built and rich. The chief Seats are Win- burn St. Giles, the Earl of Shaftfbury's ; Sherbourn, Lord Dig: by' s; Puddle-Town, Lord Walpole's ; Critchell, Sir William^ Na - Bqokl. ofipR'EAT-jBiRi'tAiiN. n ■tier's; Eafbiiry,'Mi.. Dodi’tgton'sz Gharborough, Mr. Drax's ; Chettle, Mr. Chaffin's; Kingfton, Mr. Pitt' s j Mclburym&Stinsr ford. Col Homer's; Litchett wiWoolveton, Col. Trencbard's; Lu/lwortb Caftle, .Mr. Weld's.-, Smedmore, ;Mr. iClavell’s; King- (Ion-Hall, Mi. Banks'?-, High-Hall, Mi. Pitch's; Bryanfione, Mr. Forman's- Portland \s an Hie near .this-.County, eminent for its Quarries of durable J?ree-ltone. ©uftjam, In the Diocefe of Durham, 107 Miles in Circumference, con¬ tains about 610,poo Acres, and 15,984 Houfes; is a County Palatine, the Royalty thereof belonging to the Bifhop, there¬ fore it is called The Rijhoprick of Durham. The Air is iharp, the Soil diverfe, the.Soitth rich, the Wed rocky and maorifh: ’Tis very rich in Coal-pits j hath fome lead and Iron Mines, not without Silver in the Weft Parts. The Rivers in it .are Tine, Ware, Derwent, Tees. It hath ,118 Parifhes, and 6 Towns. The City of Durham is 230 Miles from London, the Bifhop’s See, whofe Palace is a fine Caftle: Bifhop-Awkland is alfo noted for its Caftle and good Air, belonging likewife .to the Bifhop. Darlington for three Pits near it, caufed by an Earthquake in 1179, called Hell-kettles. The chief Seats are Lumley-Caftle, Earl of Scarborough's ; Ravenfwortb Caftle, Sir Henry Lyddafs, Bart.Mr. Bowes's? Baby Cajilei Mi..fane's. ©r£T> In London Diocefe, 146 Miles in Circumference, contains about 1,240,000 Acres, and 34,819 Houfes:-Its Air tempe¬ rate, but towards the. Sea and Thames moift and aguifh. TI16 Soil in fome Places is fo rich, that after 3 Years tearing Saf¬ fron, it will bear good Barley for almoft 20 Years together without dunging. Its Rivers are Thames, Stowre, Coin, Chel- mer. Lea, Crouch, Boding. At Stratford by Bow is a Bridge; the firft of Stone in England. This County has abundance of Corn, Cattle, Wood, Saffron, Fowl and Fifh: ’Tis noted like¬ wife for Cloths, Stuffs and Hops. Here are 41; Parilhes and 21 Towns: Themoft noted are Colchejler, which has a great Trade for White Bays and Oifters, and is remarkable for the many Roman Antiquities found there j Chelmsford is the County Town j Harwich is noted for its Harbour, neareft of any to Holland, and for a petrifying Spring near it; Walden for Saffron. Here, over-againft Gravefend in Kent, Hands Tilbury-Port, a flrong Block-houfe upon the Thames. Its chief Seats are Havering, Duke of Ancafler's; Leigh Priory, Duke of Man- chejler's ; St. Ofyth, Earl of Rochfords j Audley-End, Earl of Suffolk's; Moulfam-Hall, Earl of Fitzwalter's; Shortgrove, Earl of Toad’s j Wanfied, Earl Tilney's; Tofts, Lotd Barring¬ ton's ; Thorndon, near Brentwood, Lord Petre’s; Hill Hall, Sir Edward Smith's ; Felix Hall, late Sir Anthony-Thomas Abdy's ; Albyns, Sir Robert Abdy's 5 Little Leighs Hall, Sir George Alleyn's} Giddy-Hall , Sir John Eyles's j Copt Half, Mr. Conyer's j 12 tfcfje $*efent State Parti. New-Hall, Mr. Ohnius' s; Hallingbury Hall, Mr. Houblsn's; March, Mr. Mildmay' s. • ©louceSerfliire, In Gloueefer Diocefe, 138 Miles in Circumference, contains about 800,000 Acres, 26,764 Houfes; the Air fweet, the Soil fruitful. Its Rivers Severn, Wye, Stroud, Jfis, Avon. Its chief Commodities are Com, Wool, Iron and Steel, Timber, Bacon, Syder and Salmon: Its Manufaflure, Cloathing, the Trade of which amounts to 500,000/. per Annum, for which the Sheep of Cot/wold have fo fine a Wool, that the Spanijh Strain ftis laid) ,came from a Prefent of Edward I. made of thefe Sheep to Alphonfo King of Spain. Here are 280 Parilhes, and 26 Towns: The City of Gloucefer, 81 Miles from London, is a County of it felf, a Biftiop’s See, and hath a fine Cathedral Church. In this County likewife Hands Part of Briftol, one of the largefl and beft trading Cities of England, which is a County of it felf, and contains above 5000 Houfes; Stroud is noted for fair Buildings, and dying of Scarlet; Tewksjbury for Woollen Manufactory and Milliard Balls. Near Briftol is a Place called St. Vincent's Rock, where are Plenty of hard tranfparent Stones, refembling Diamonds, which fome take to be Fluores, or Spars: At the Bottom thereof is a hot medicinal Well. Its chief Seats are Badmington,. the Duke of Beaufort's ; Berkley Cajlle, Earl of Berkley's ; Camden Houfe, Earl of Gainfiorough's ; Courfe-Court, Earl of Coventry's ; Stowel, Earl of Stafford’s ; at Cirencejler, lsx&Bathurfis-, High-Meadows, Lord Gage's; Barrington, Lord Talbot's ; Kenuford, Lord Weymouth's ; Barr's Court, Sir John Newton's, Bar. Rendcomb apd Elfmore, Sir John Guife's ; Sher¬ burne, Sir John Dutton's ; Durham, Mr. Blaithwait’s; Fairford, Mr. Lamb's ; Stoke, Mr. Berkley's ; King's Wejlon, Mr. Sotfth- welFs ; Sifton-Houfe, Mr. Trotman's. ^antorpmpflnre. In the Diocefe of Winchefter, 100 Miles in Circuit, contains about 1,312,500 Acres, and 26,851 Houfes; the Air temperate, the Soil rich. Here is plenty of Corn, Cattle, Wool, Wood, Iron, Honey and Bacon. Its Rivers Stowre, Avon, Itching, &c. Its chief Manufactures are Kerfies and Stuffs. Here are 253 Parilhes and 16 Towns; the Shire-Town (tho’ it be a County of it felf) is Southampton, a good Port, 60 Miles from London. Winchefier is a confiderable City, 54 Miles from Lon¬ don, the Afiize-Town : It has a fine Cathedral Church, a noble College and Free-School, which hath a Warden, 10 Fellows, 2 School-Mailers, and 70 Scholars, richly endowed; likewife here is a Palace begun by King Charles II. which he did not finilh. Portfmouth is a fortified Town and Harbour, and Royal Arfenal; Weymouth a fine .Harbour. The chief Seats "are Hack- wood and Abbot-Stone, the Duke of Bolton's ; S>uickfett, Earl of Salijbury' S; Rochborn-Houfe, Earl of Sbaftejbury' s; Famborough- Place, Earl of Anglcfea's ; Eadfworih, Lord Dinners ; Whor- Book I. Of G R ea't-B RITAIN. 13 wtt. Lord Delanuar's; near Southampton, the late Earl of Peter- borough's; Down-Hufband, Lord Lymmington's• Chiltan-Cando- ver Sir Robert Worfeley's, Bar.; Mottisfont and Nekton-Berry, Sir 'Richard Mill's ; the Grange, Mr. Henley's ; Stratfield-Sea, Mr. Pitt’s-, Hertnaid, Mr. Jervis's; Kelfey, Mr. Pointer's} fhroekill, Mr. Malay’s; Moyle’s Court, Mr. Life's. South of this'County, and belonging to it, lies the Iile of Wight, 60 Miles in Circumference ; its Militia the belt difcipli- ned in England; plentiful in Corn, Cattle, Filh, Hares, Conies and wild Fowl. Its Wool is next in finenefs to that of Cotfwold. It has 36 Parilhes, and 3 Towns; I. Newport, large and popu¬ lous ; Cowes and Carijbrook are two Places near it, fortified each with a Caftle j fo is, 2. Sanham, and 3. Yarmouth. Spitbead, between Portfmoutb and the Ifle of Wight, is a Road where the Navy Royal frequently rendezvous; and fo alfo is St. Helen's, about two Leagues beyond the other, nearer the Ifland. The chief Seat, Appledaor-Court, Sir Robert Worjlefs, Bart. |gertfojtifl)ire. Is in the Diocefe of London and Lincoln, 130 Miles in Cir¬ cumference, contains about 451,000 Acres, and 16,569 Houfes. The Air is fweet and healthful, the Soil for the moll part Gravel and Chalk, but fruitful enough in Corn and Wood; of which it is faid. That they who buy a Seat in Hertfordjhire, pay 2 Years Purthafe for the Air. Its Rivers, Coin and Lea. Its chief Commodities are Wheat, Barley and Malt. It has 120 Parilhes and 18 Towns. The Shire-Town is Hertford, 20 Miles from London ; Barnet was noted for Medicinal Waters; Barhbamjlead for its ancient Caftle, chief Place of Refidence for¬ merly of the Dukes of Corn-voal-, Hitcbin for its School; Ware for a Canal, which furnilhes London with New-River-Water. Its chief Seats are, Holywell, the Dutchels Dowager of Marl¬ borough's-, Hatfield, the Earl of Salijburys ; Cajhiobury, Earl of Efex's ; Coley-Green and Hurtingfordbury, Earl Camper's ; Langley, Lord Raymond’s; Garhambery, Lord Grimfon's ; ham¬ mer. Sir Samuel Garrard’s, Bart.; the Hoo, late Sir Hariy O Rente's, Bart, now Mrs. Brand's ; Titenhanger, Sir Harry-Pope Blunt's; Beachwood, Sir ‘Thomas Seabright's ; Offey, Sir Henry Penrice's ; Bell-Bar, Lz&yJekylTs; Northall, Sir William Leman's; Gubbins, Sir Jeremy Sambroke's ; Balls, Governour Harrifan's; Cognedge, Mr. Jennings's ; Moort-Park, Mr. Eyle's; Apfton-Hall Mr. Freman's; Bennington, Mr. Cafar's; Blakefware, Mr. Plummer's; Knebworth, Mrs. Robinfon's; Widgell-Hall, Mr. Gulf otis; Ware-Park, Mr. Byde’s ; Tring, Mr. Gore’s ; Penly, Mr. Harcourt's ; Briggins, Mr. Chefer's; at Berkhamfead Mag- m, Mr. Roper's. prcfojDfliire, In the Diocefe of Hereford, 102 Miles in Circumference, con¬ tains about 660,000 Acres, and 15,000 Houfes. The Air is j^od, the Soil exceeding fruitful. Its Rivers are Wye, Arrow, 14 ®&e#iefent 8>tate Ta'rti. Lug, Frame. This-County exceeds in four Things, Wheat, Wood; Wool and 1 Water, in which laft Salmons are plentiful. Itisfamous forSyder, efpecially Red-llreak. It hath 176 Pa- rifhes, and 8'Towns, the moll noted is the City of Hereford, the Shire-Town^ a Biihop’s See; 105 Miles from London. Here is the Biihop’s Palace, a Cathedral Church, College and H'ofpital; Leominjler noted for Bread; and Wool equal to any in England ; Kyneton for narrow Cloths. At Marclay-Hill was that notable Earthquake in 1571. Chief Seats are Brampton-Bryan, Earl of Oxford's ; Shopton-Court, Lord Bateman's ; Hampton-Court, Vif- countefs Coningjhy's; Crofs-Cajlle, Sir Arthur Crofts's; Burhope, Sir fobs Dinelys ;• Newport and Stole,. Mr. Foley's ; Heyuiood, Mr. Auditor' Harley's; Mockas-Court Mr. Cornwall’s.. - funtingDonffjire, Is'in Lincoln Diocefe, 67. Miles in Circumference, contains, about 240,000 Acres, and 8,217 Houfes. The Air is diverfe, for the moll part moiil. It is generally of a fertile Soil; in for¬ mer Times very woody. Its chief River Oufe, and diverfe lef- fer. Its chief Commodities are Corn and Cattle.' It contains 79 Pariihes, and 6 Towns. The Shire and Affize-Town is Hun¬ tingdon, jo Miles from London , having a good Free-School: St. hies and St. Neots, eminent for Markets and Fairs, and for their neighbouring Medicinal Waters; Godmanchejler for good Huf- bandmen. Its chief Seats, Kimbolton-Cajlle, Duke of Manchc- Jler’s; Hinchinbroke, the 2 ,ax\ o( Sandwich's; Great Geddihg, Earl of Roclingbam's ; Long-Omerton, Earl of Lincoln's ; Bugden, Bilhop of Lincoln’s-, Stoughton, late Sir Baldwin Conyer's. ftcnt. Has in it the Diocefes of Canterbury and Rochejler, 162 Miles in Circumference. The People of it boaft they never were Bondmen, i. e. never held their Land in Villainage ; contains about 1,248,000 Acres, and 39,240 Houfes, It was formerly a Kingdom of it felf. It is accommodated with two great Ri¬ vers, ‘Thames and Medway, befides the Stowre, Darent, and other lefler ones. Its chief Commodities are Corn, Cattle, Fruit, efpecially Pippins and Cherries, Woad and Madder for Dyers, Hops, Wood, Flax, Saintfoyn, Samphire; near Deal, Fowl and Fife. The Medway yields Precedence to no River, except the Thames, for choice!! Salmon; and Fordwicb Trouts, near Canterbury, are incredibly large. The Hies of Vianet and Shtppy are well ftored with Sheep and Corn. It contains 408 Pariihes, and 30 Towns. The City of Canterbury is the Arch- biihop’s See, and a County of it felf, 44 Miles from London: Its Cathedral Church is one of the finelt in England, formerly noted for its rich Window (deilroyed in the Civil Wars) and Tomb of Thomas a Becket. Here is a Dean and 12 Prebenda¬ ries, a Free-School of Royal Foundation, andfeveral Hofpitals: This City is partly inhabited by the Defeendants of Walloons. Rochejler is a City and Biihop’s See, 27 Miles from London, Book I. Of Gr e a t-Brit a in. 15 noted for its Cathedral Church and fiately Stone-Bridge, the fe- cond for Magnificence in England, built by Sir Robert Knolls in the Reign of Henry I V. At Chatham is a Station for the Navy- Royal, and one of 'the bell Docks in the Kingdom. Maidfione is the County-Town, noted for Thread-and Hops; Dimes- for its Caltle and Peer; Feverjham for its Trade by Hoys-to London; Tunbridge for its Medicinal Waters; If yet, its Free-School; Se- venoak, its Free-School and Hofpital; Dover, Hythe, Rumney and Sandwich are four of the Cinque-Ports, the fifth Hafihgs ; and two of their Appendages, Winchelfea and Rye, are in Suf- ■ [ex. Thefe Towns have all great and diflinfl Privileges} their I Burgeffes are called Barons of the Cinque-Ports. In the Procef- I fion of a Coronation they fupport the Canopies over the King • 1 and Queen, and afterwards have on that Day a Table at the King’s Right-Hand, and have the Canopy for their Fee. Chief Seats, are Greenwich , a Palace-Royal, of which more when we come to the Account of Hofpitals: Know!, the Duke of Dor- fet's ; Eajlwell, the Earl of Winchelfia's ; Heatbjicld, the Earl of Thasiet' s; Penjbnrjl, the Earl of Lciceficr' s; Chevening, Earl Stanhope's; Mereworth-Cafile, Earl of WeflmorlantTs ; Walder- Jhire, Earl of Rockingham's ; Fair-Lawn, Lord Vane's ; Leeds- Cajile, Lord Fairfax's ; Surrenden, Sir Edward Deering’s ; on Blackheath, Sir Gregory Page’s; Merjham, Sir Windham Knateh- lulPs; Leeds-Abby, late Sir Roger Meredith's ; Sutton, Sir Ed¬ ward Filmer's ; on Barham Downs, Sir Bazil DixwelPs j. Chil- ham Cajile, Mr. Cclebrooke's ; Squirrels, Mr. Ward's, The Pri¬ vileges of Gavel-kind, belonging to this Country are threefold ; 1. The Heirs Male fhare all the Lands alike. 2. The Heir is at 15 at full Age to fell or alienate. 3. Though the Father were convifledof Treafon, yet the Son enjoys his Inheritance: Hence that Proverb, The Father to the Bough, and the Son to the Plough. Thefe three Privileges, granted and confirmed to them by #r/- liam the Conqueror, are denominated Gavel-kind. ftancafijire, Is m the Diocefe of Chefier, 170 Miles in Circumference, contains about i,r jo,ooo Acres, and 40,200 Houfes; a County Palatine. The Air is ferene and lharp, the Soil diverfe'j the moorilh Part is not very fruitful; but this County is ftored with all Sorts of Provifions; the Rivers Merfeys Ribdle, Lon, Irk and Lrwel. The Inhabitants are healthful, the Men are ftrong, the Women beautiful. The chief Commodities are Oats, Cat¬ tle, Oxen efpecially, thofe of this County and Somcrfetjhire are the ftatelieft in England-, Fowl, Fife, particularly Chart; Pit- coals (which lerve not only for Fuel, but to make curious Uten- lis "ttle inferior to Jet) and Flax. The chief ManufaSures are Woollen Cloths, Cottons and'Ticken. Hete are 60 Parilhes and 26 Towns. The Shire-Town is Lancafier, 187 Miles from London; Leverpool is a Sea-Port Town, and of late much en¬ larged and frequented: Manchefier is a Town of. great Trade i6 . €6e Piefent State Part i. for Woollen and Linnen Manufactures. Wigan has near it a fulphureous boiling Well. Chief Seats are Stoney-Hurfl, Duke of Norfolk's ; AJhton- Hall, Duke of Hamilton's ; Knowfiey , the Earl of Derby's; Dunkeyhalgh, Lord Pitre's ; Haigh, Sir Roger Braidjhaigh's, Bart. [In this Lordihip are the fineit Works of Coals, called Camel, in England, greatly admired for its Heat and Brightnefs, with which abundance of Curiofities are made.] Hough-End, Sir John Bland's ; Heaton, Sir Edward Egerton's-, Latham, Thomas Bootle's, Efq;. 3UiceQer(lure, . Is in Lincoln Diocefe, 96 Miles in Circumference, contains about 560,000 Acres, and 18,700 Houfes. The Air is mild and healthy, the County champaign, the Soil diverfe, very rich in Paltures; it abounds likewife with Peafe and Beans to a Pro¬ verb, Leicefierjhire Bean-Belly-, Wood, Pit-coal, and Wool oil the largell Sheep in England. Its Rivers Stowre, Reek and Swift. It has 200 Parilhes and iz Towns 5 Leicejler the chief Town, 80 Miles from London. AJhby de-la-Zouch is noted for its fine Tower. Its chief Seats are Garenton, Duke of Mon- tagu's ; Ajhby-de-la-Zoucb and Dunnington-Park, Earl of Hunt¬ ingdon's ; Stanton-Harold, Earl of Ferrer s's j Stanton-Brudenell , Earl of Cardigan's j Slapelford, Earl of Harborough's ; Broad- gate, Earl of Stamford's 5 Bofworth, Sir Walflan Dixie's ; Stan¬ ford, Sir Thomas Caw's; Kirkby-Mallory, Sir Edward Noel’s. ftincolnfljire, Is in the Diocefe of Lincoln, 180 Miles in Circumference, contains about 1,740,300 Acres, and 40,590 Houfes, divided into three Parts, Holland, Lindfey and Kef even. The Air on the South and Eaft Parts is thick and foggy, and the Soil fenny and rich : The Well and Northern Parts are pleafant and fer¬ tile. The Rivers Weland, Trent, Humber, Nen, Wythcm. The chief Commodities are fat Cattle, Wool, Horfes, Fifh and Fowl in great Plenty. It contains 630 Parifhes and 35 Towns. Lincoln is the Shire-Town, the- Bilhop’s See, a County of it felf, 104 Miles from London. Wainfleet is noted for its School; Bofon for its Port and Harbour, and Tower, one of thefinell in : England-, Grantham for its Steeple; Bourn and Walcot for Mineral j Waters. The chief Seats are Belwir-Cafle, Duke of Rutland's-, Grimfihorp and Earjly, Duke of Ancafer's ; Belton, Lord Tyr- comet s; Notion, Sir William Ellis's ; Doddington, late Sir Ed¬ ward Huffs, Bart.; Gunby, late Sir William Mafenbeard'v, Gainjborougb, Sir Willoughby Hickman's; Stanfield, Sir John Tyr- whit's; Afwarby, Sir Francis Whichcote's ; Normanby, Me. Shef¬ field’s-, Ornjly, Mr. Mafenbeardts ; Thorefby, Captain Wood's-, Harrington, Mr. Amcourt's. 3!fle of fJBan, Lying Wellward of Lancajhire and Cumberland, about 29 Miles long, and’9 broad, is a Principality held lately, by the Earl of Derby of the' Crown of England. The Duke of Athol is now in Poffeflion of it. The Proprietor was anciently called BookI. of Great-Britain. 17 of England, is nominated by the Lord of the Ifle, confirmed by the King, and confecrated by the Archbifhop of York; but. not holding his Temporalities immediately of the King, is net Lord of Parliament. The Air is cold, the Soil indifferent fruitful. Here is plenty of Oats, Cattle, Fifh, and Fowl. It has 17 Pa¬ ri fhes, 2 Cattles, and 5 Towns. Its Government is peculiar. Spitfolefe);, Is in thefiiocefeof London, 81 Miles in Circumference j con-, taining about 247,000 Acres, and about 130,000 Houfes, inclu¬ ding London arAWefmin/ler. It has afweet andwholefome Air, S and fertile Soil, much improved by Compoft brought from i London. Its River Thames and Colne ; its Commodities Cattle, ! Corn, and Fruit; has 73 Parifhes and 4 Towns, befides London ' and Weflminfler, of which fee more hereafter. Its Palaces are - Hampton-Court, a molt magnificent Struflure, Part of which ' King William pulled down, and" re-edify’d with great Magnifi¬ cence and State ; Kenfington, late the Seat of the Earl of Not¬ tingham, bought by King William, gready enlarged for his Refi- dence in the Winter, and no lefs improved by her late Majefty ,* and great Additions made to the Gardens by his prefent Majefty, a Fourth of Hide-Park being taken into them. St. James's and So- merfet-Houfe. Its chief Seats are Sion-Houje, and Northumberland- Houfe, the Duke ofSomerfet's ; Montagu-Houje, the Duke of Mon¬ tagu's ; Southampton-Houfe, the Duke of Bedford's ; Berhley-Houfe, the Duke of De-vonjhire's ; Cannons, the Duke of Chandos' s; Marlorougb-Houfe, the Dutchefs Dowager of Marlborough's; Chif- •wick and Sutton-Court, Earl of Burlington's ; Bujhy-Park, Earl of Halifax's ; Ha(enton, Earl of Holdernefs ; Cranford, Earl of Berkley's ; Bellfife, Earl of Chefterfield's; at Chifwick, late Earl of Wilmington's ; Holland - Houfe, Earl of Ailsbury's -; Han-worth, Lord Vere Beauclerk' s; Kemptcn-Park, Sir John Chardins's ; at Harrow, Sir John Rvjbout's; Harfield, Sir Ed¬ ward Neavdigate's; .at Sunbury, Sir Roger Hudfon's, and Mr. Turner's; Bujh-Hill, Sir Jeremy-Vanacker Sambreok's; Bucking¬ ham-Houfe, Mr. Sheffield's ; at Chifwick, Henry Barker's, Efq; Gunneijbury, Mr. Purnefe' s; Davoley, Mr. Stephenfon's ; Forty- Hill, Mr. Bretons-, Holland-Houfe, Mr. Edwards's. $onmout!)iIjire, Is in the Diocefe of Landaff, 80 Miles in Circumference ; contains about 340,000 Acres, and 6,490 Houfes. The Air healthful and temperate, the Soil hilly and woody, yet very fertile. Its Rivers Monow, Wye, XJJk, Rumney. its chief Com¬ modities, Cattle and Corn. It has 127 Parifhes and 7 Towns, Monmouth, the Shire-Town, is 100 Miles from London, a fair, large, and well built-Town. Its chief Seats Troy-Houfe, the Duke of Beaufort's ; Tredegar, late Sir William Morgan's ; Pont-pool, Mr. Hanburf s. c C&e fiefent State Parti, 18 Is in Norwich Diocefe, 140 Miles'in Circumfefence: contains about 1,148,000 Acres, and 47,180 Houfes. TheAir is iharp, the Soil diverfe, partly clayifb, and partly fandy : The Spring and Harveft are here not very forward. Its Rivers Oufe, fra- vem Yare and Frin. The Commodities are Corn, Wool, Co- nies, Honey, Saffron, of which the beft is about Walfmgham; and on the Sea-coails are abundance of Herrings. Jet and Am¬ ber are fometimes found on the Shore. Its chief Manufaflures are Woollen and Worded Stuffs, which are faid to have that Name from Worjlcd, a Town in this County, and Stockings. It has 660Parifhes, and 31 Towns; Norwich the Shire -1 own, co Miles from London, a Bifhop’s See, contains about 7000 Houfes and 30,000 Souls, is eminent for Norwich Stuff; made there, of which they vend yearly to the Value of 100,000/. There is a Cathedral Church, and theBifhops Palace. There is an Hofpital for 100 poor Men and Women; fair Cloifters, and a fine Market-Crofs. Yarmouth is a beautiful Town, and hath an excellent Harbour ; Lynn is a fair Town, and wealthy. Chief Seats are Norwich Palace, Duke of No.-folk's ; Pajlon- Hall, late Earl of Yarmouth's ; Stifcay and Raynkam, Lord Town/hend' s; B tickling, Lord Hobart's ; Holkham, Lord Lovel's \ Houghton, Earl of Orford' s; Melton Conjlabk, Sir Jacob AJh- ley's ; Garboldijham, Sir Edmund Bacon s ; Kirby Bedon, Sir ‘Thomas Bemey' s, Oxborougb, Sir Henry Bedingfield's ; Hunjlan- ton. Sir Thomas L'EJlrange's; Nar/ord, Sir Andrew Fountain's ; Ramworth-Hall, Col. Sidney's. jRojtyafflptonlljire, Is in the Diocefe of Peterborough, 120 Miles in Circumfe¬ rence ; contains about 1550,000 Acres, and 24,808 Houfes. The Air is healthful, the Soil is rich in Tillage and Paflure, and claim; the Honour of having more Noblemens Seats in it than any County in England: The Gentry likewife are numerous. Its Rivers, Nen, Weland, and Oufe. Its chief Commodities, Corn, Cattle, and Salt-petre. It has 326 Parilhes, and n.Towns; the Shire-Town, Northampton, 55 Miles from London. Peter¬ borough is a Bifhop’s See. The chief Seats are Boughton, Duke of Montagu's ; Altbrop, Duke of Marlborough's ; Burleigh, Earl of Exeter's ; CaJlle-AJhby, Earl of Northampton's ; Eajion, Earl of Pomfret's; Eafton Maudit, Earl of Suffex's; Dean, Earl of Cardigan's ; Rockingham, Earl of Rockingham's ; Kirby, Lord Hatton's ; Drayton, Lady Betty Jermain's; Finedon, Sir John Dolben's; Farlhingoe, Sir Edward Egerton's ; Culworth, Sir John D'Anver s's; Brampton, Sir William Norwich's ; Kelmarjb, Mr. Hanbury’s. ijiojtljumbeclano, Is in the Diocefe of Durham, 155 Miles in Circumference contains about 1,370,000 Acres, and 22,741 Houfes; of t fharpand piercing Air; the Soil is rough, hilly, and hard to Book!. $ GreAt-Britain.' ig be manured, but ’lis daily improved. Its Rivers are Tweed and tltie.' Its chief Commodities are Lead, Sea-coal, Filh and Fowl. It is divided into 46 Parilhes, which are large, having many of them Chapels of Eale, 11 Towns ; the chief is New- caflle upon line, 212 Miles from London: It furnilhes moft of the Sea-port Towns of England with Coal, efpecially London, with about 600,000 Chaldrons a Year. The Southern Part of the County, round a Market-Town called Hexham, is from thence named Hexhamjhire. Berwick is a great ftrong Town and Ifland on the Scots Side of the River Tweed. 'Near ahd belonging to this County are diverfe Iflands; the three moft noted are Croket, Fan:, and Holy-Ifiand. Its chief Seats, Alnwick-Cafile, Duke of Somer- fet's; Morfetb-Cafile, Earl of Carlijle; BelJ.eg, Sir William Mid¬ dleton's ; Gibjide, Mr. Bovses's ; Elfwick, Mr. Jenifon's, Is in Fork Dioeefe, 90 Miles' iri Circumference; contains about 566,000'Acres, and 17,554 Houfes; has a wholelbme Air, and different fort of Soil: The South-Eaft Part is fertile. the Wettern >v,oody. Its Rivers, Trent, Iddle, &c. The chief Commodities here are Corn, Malt, Liquorice, Pit coal, Wood, Filh and Fowl. It hath 168 Parilhes and 9 Towns: The Shire-Town is’ Nottingham, 96 Miles from London, a large well-built To\yn, hath a fine Market-place. Mansfield is of Note for Malt, Work/op for Liquorice; Newark upon Trent drives a confiderable Trade. Noble Families are here very numerous; their chief Seats are Nottingham-Cafile, Houghton, and Welbeck-Abbey, the Duke of Newcafile' s; Workfop, Duke of Norfolk's ; Thorsby and Holmes-Pierre-Pont, Duke of King- fion's; WoollatonHall, Lord Middleton's ; Newjlead-Abbey, Lord Byron's; Warjhop, Lord Willoughbfs of Parham; Rujford, Sir George SaviP s; Bunny, Sir Thomas Parkyns's ; Kelham, Mr. Manners's. Is in the Dioeefe of Ox/ora, 130 Miles in Circumferences contains about 534,000 Acres, and 19,000 Houfes. The Air is fweet and healthful; the Soil is fertile in Corn and Fruits, and rich in Paftures. Its Rivers Thames, and thofe two. Tame and lfis, from whence the other has its Names, befides the Cbatwell, Windrujh, and Evenload. Its chief Commodities, Corn, Malt, Cattle, Fruit. It has 280 Parilhes, and 15 Towns, the chief is the City of Oxford, 47 Miles from London, one of the two nobleff Univerfities in the World; of which fee more hereafter. Woodfiock is noted for its Park, walled in, faid to be the oldeft in England; Tame for its Free-School; Henly for Malt; Whitney tor Blankets, Free-School, and Library. The rich and fine Town of Banbury for Cheefe ; Burford for Saddles. Its principal Seats are Woodfiock, once a Palace Royal, now the Dutchefs Dowager of Marlborough's : A ftately Fabrick is now erefted near the old Palace, called Blenheim - Cafile, in Memory of that moft fignal Viftory gained over the French, c t dug; 20 Cfje ptffent &tate Parti. Aug. 2, 1704., at Blenheim neat Hochfiat, in the Upper Palatinate, on the Banks of the Danube -, Hethrop, Earl of Shrewsbury s; Ditchley, Earl of Lichfield 1 s; Cornbury, Earl of Clarendon s; Pycott, Earl of Abingdon's-, Sherburne, Earl of Macclesfield’s; Stanton Harcourt, Lord Harcourt’s; Caverjham, Lord Cada- gods; Water-fiock, late Sir Henry AJhurfi's; 'Northrook, Sir “James Da/hWood’s ; Chiflehampton, Sir John D'oyley's ; Sarf- don, late Sir Robert Walter's; Walton, Sir Robert JeniinJon's; Ambroefden, Sir Edward Turner's; Kidlington, Sir Charles Browne's; in which Gardens was an old Font, wherein Ed¬ ward the Confejfor is faid to have been Baptized, being brought thither from an old decayed Chapel at Jfiip, the Birth-place of that Religious Prince, where it had been put to an indecent Ufe, as well as the Chapel. Camden's Brit. Edit. Nov. ; Wood-Perry, late Mr. Mofs's. Eutlanofljire, Is in the Diocefeof Peterborough, 40 Miles in Circumference; containsabout 110,000 Acres, and 3263 Houfes; hathahealth- ful Air, and fertile Soil; and the moft Parks, for its Propor¬ tion of Land, of any Shire in England. Its Rivers are Weland and Wafih ; its chief Commodities are Corn, Cattle, Wool, and Wood. .It hath 48 Parilhes and 2 Towns: Oakham, the Aflize-Town, 74 Miles from London, in whofe Precinft there is this Ctiftom, that if any Nobleman enter it, he forfeits a Shoe from his Horfe,unlefs he redeems it with Money; the other Town is Uppingham; both have Free Schools and Hofpitals. Its chief Seats are Burleigh on the Hill, the Earl of Wincheljea's j Martinfihorp, the Earl of Denbigh's; Exton-Brook, Earl of Gainjborough's; Ajhton, Earl of Cardigan's ; Normanton, Sir John Heathcote's. S^rojiRiire, Is in the Diocefe of Hereford, and of Coventry and Lichfield, 134 Miles in Circumference; contains about 890,000 Acres, and 23,284 Houles: The Air is wholefome, the Soil fruitful,, though hilly and mountainous towards the South and Welt Parts; the Inhabitants healthy: Old Parr, of this County, lived 152 Years, and died Anno 1634. The Rivers Severn, Culm, Rea, Roden, feme. Tern. Its Commodities are Wheat, Barley, Cat¬ tle, Wood, Iron, Pitcoal. It has 170 Parilhes and 1; Towns. The Shire-Town is Shrewjbury, 124 Miles from London, a large, neat, populous Town. Ludlow is likewife well built. At Pitch- ford is a bituminous Well. This being a Frontier .County to Wales, had the mod Cafties of any in England, which are now the Houfes of Nobility and Gentry. The chief are, High- Ercal, Earl of Bradford’s; Oakley-Park, Lord Herbert of Cber- Sury; Haughton, Sir Hugh Brigge's ; Watlejlorough, Sir Ed¬ ward Leighton's; Longner, Sir Richard Corbet's; Cond, Mr. CrefiwclPs; Walht, Mr. Wallcot's; Stoie-Cajile, Ms.. Bald¬ win's ; Henly, Mr. Powis's. Stomeffcd* 21 Book I. of Great-Britain. J&otnerfctfijire, Is in theDiocefe of Bath and Welts, 150 Miles in Circumfe¬ rence; contains about 1,075,000 Acres, and 44,686 Houfes; has diverfe forts of Air and Soil; but for the molt part this County is very rich in Soil and Pallurage. Its Rivers, Severn, Avon, From, Parret, Torr and Tone. Its chief Commodities are Com, Cattle, Lead, Woad for Dyers, and Brijlol Stones. Mendip Hills were found rich heretofore in Lead, now in Lapis Calaminar'u, and for a large Cave, called Ockie-Hole, with a petrifying Water in it. '1 he Oxen in this County vie with Lancajbire for the faired in England. Its chief Manu¬ factures are Cloth and Serges. At Chedder are the bed and larged Cheefes of England, made by the joint Stock of the whole Pariih. It has 385 Pariihes and 30 Towns, the chief Brijlol, Part of which ftands in this County, and Part in Glou- cefterjhtre: Bath, a City eminent for its hot Baths, fovereign in Paifies, Gouts, Rheumatifms,. Weakneis of Nerves, and all fcrophulous Didempers, 94 Miles from London: Wells, a City’ noted for its Cathedral Church; the Streets well built and populous. Thefe two Cities jointly gave a Title to the Bi- ihoprick: Taunton for Cloth, in making of which, 8,500 Perfons are here Weekly employed ; Glajjfenhury for its ancient Abbey; Bijbofs-Cue for red Bolus found there; S/autpn-Drew, for a Circular Monument of Stones, llchejler likewife for An ' tiquity; Bruton for its fine Church, Free-School, and Hofpital. Chief Seats are Hinton St. George, Earl Powlet' s; Ham-Houfc, Lord Sitwell's; Nettlecomb, Sir John Trevelyan's ; Orchard • Wyndham, Sir William Wyndham's; Ford-Abbey, Mr. Gwyn’s ; Orchard-Portman, Mr. Postman's ; Fairfield, Mr. Palmer's. j&taffogcflnre. Is in the Diocefeof Coventry and Lichfield, 141 Miles in Cir¬ cumference ; contains about 810,000. Acres, and 23,747 Houfes. .The Air is iharp and healthful, the Soil diverfe. Its Rivers Trent, Churnet, -Dove, Blithe, Line, Tean, Sow, Pink, Mani¬ fold. Its'chief natural Commodities are Copper, Lead, Iron, Alahafter about Cafile-Hay, and Pit-coal, of which they make curious poliflied Utenfils. Its mod confiderable Manufafture are Nails and Utenfils of Iron. It has 150 Pariihes and 18 Towns; the mod eminent are Stafford, the Shire and Alfize-Town, well built, has a Free-School, 106 Miles from London. The City of Lichfield, 94 Miles from London, jointly with Coventry, gives a Title to the Biihoprick ; it hath a fine Cathedral Church, and Burton a famous Bridge. The chief Seats are Beaudefert, Earl of Uxbridge's ; Chartley-Cafile, Lord Ferrari' s; Drayton, Lord Paget's; Trentham, Lord Gower's; DudleyCafile, Lord Dud¬ ley's; Tixall, Lord Afion's; Ingftree, Lord Chctwind's; Oak¬ ley, Sir Philip Cheiwood' s; Wrine Hill, Sir Edward Egerton's ; patejhul. Sir John Afiley's; Pillalon, Sir Edward Littleton's ; ! Wolefiey, Sir Charles Wolfelefs; Keel-Hall, Mx.Sneyd’s ; Qkeover, Mr. Okeover's, C 3 SwffoUi. 22 j&tlffbllt, . j Is intheDiocefeof Norwich, 165 Miles in Circumference; | contains about 995,000 Acres, and. 34,422 Houfes. Its Air ex- ceeding good, except towards the Sea ; its Soil various; its Ri- | vers, Stcwre, Breton, Dehen, Blithe, Orwell, Sec. Its chief Com- | modifies are Butter, exceeding good, and Cheefe in greatPlenty; F its Manufaflure, Woollen and Linnen Cloth. , It hath 575 Pa- | rilhe=, and 30 Towns; the chief Ipfwich, 55 Miles from London, p large and cleanly, hath a Free-School and Library ; St. Ed- | mondfbury, noted for its Free-School, and the majeftick Ruins | of its magnificent Abbey; Beetles, a fair Town on the Wa- f. venny, and Buddefdale Free-School of good Foundation; Had-, j 1 ; leigh, Lavenham and Milden-Hall have fine Churches. This [■ County hath above 40 Parks. Its chief Seats are Ewflon-Hall, p Duke of Grafton's ; lehworth, Earl of BrijioF s; EJlon, Earl of [1 Rockford's i Broom-Hall and Culford-Hall, Lord Cornwallis's ; f Milden-Hall, Sir Thomas Hanmer's ; Ketton and Brightwell, Sir I Samuel Bamadifton's; Long Milford, Sir Cordel Firebrafs's ; | Bering feet, Sir Edmund Bacon's ; Pakenham, late Sir Wil- | Ham Spring's ; Benhall, Mr. TjrelP s; Glemham - Hall, Mr. 1 North's. ' ' i §urtp. Is in the Diocefe of Winchefer, 112 Miles in Circumference; contains about 592,000 Acres, and 34,218 Houfes. The Air is ; fweet; the Soil not very fertile towards the Middle, being of j ,a deep Sand, efpecially about Efher and Red-Hill, but rich | in the Skirts. Its Rivers, Thames, Mole, which runs under i Ground 2 Miles, and Wandle Way. Its Commodities, Com, Box, Walnuts, and near Rigate Fuller’s Earth; it is worth 4 d. per Bulhel at the Pit. It has i4oParilhes, and 9 Towns; the chief- eft are the Borough of Southwark, containing above 10.000 Houfes j Guilford, or Guildeford, 25 Miles from London. King- fion has a fine Bridge. Its Palaces are that of his Majefty’sat Richmond, and thofe of the Archbilhop of Canterbury's at Lambeth and Croydon. Near the latter is a Free-School and Hofpital, founded by Archbilhop Whitgift ; alfo Oatlands, Earl of Lincoln's, where is a Park, fine Gardens, and the Iongelt Terras-Walk in England, Here is Banfead-Downs, much fre¬ quented for Hunting and Racing. Chief Seats are Clermont, Duke of Newcafle's ; Wimbleton, Dutchefs of Marlborough's ; at Richmond, Earl Cholmondeley's ; Weybridge, Earl of Port- more's ; Albury, Earl of Aylesfords ; Great Rockham, Earl of Effingham's ; Eajl-Clanden, Lord Onfcw's ; Ockham, Lord King's ; at Epfom, Lord Guilfords ; at Woodcote, Lord Bal¬ timore's ; Peterjham, Lord Harrington's ; New-Park, Lord Walpole's ; AJhted, Lord Berkfhire's ; Eatterfca, Lord Boling- bioke's ; Beddingtcn, Sir Backet Car end s; Wotton, Sir John Evelyn's; Sir Matthew LeckePs, at Richmond; Wimbleton,' Sir Theodore J anffen's ; Row-Hampton, Mr. Clarke's; Ca- ft.alter., Mr. Scawcn's; Feleham, Mr. Revel's; FJher-Plad, Book I. Of G R E A T-B R I T AIN. 23 Mr. Pelham's ; at Rygate, Mr. Par/on's; at Byfleet, Brig. Cornwall's. At Epfom are celebrated Medicinal Waters; ib jikewife at Dulwich, where is a College and Hofpital for a Ma- fter, 4 Fellows, and 12 poor Men and Women, and as many poor Boys, a Chaplain, School-Mailer, and Ulher. At Non-, fuch is a Vein of Earth fit to make Crucibles. SuOfE^, Is in the Diocefe of Chkhefler, 158 Miles in Circumference; contains about 1,140,000 Acres,and 21,537Houfes. The South Downs, which lie parallel to the Sea, are dry, bear good Grafs, and are pleafant ; the 'Low Lands, or Wild of Suffex, bear Oats incredibly ; the Soil rich and deep; the Forelts barren, and towards the Eafl, full of Iron-Oar. Its Manufactures are Call-Iron of all forts, for which there are many great Forges in the Eallern Wild towards Kent. It has diverfe Rivers, but the moll confiderable is Arm. Its Commodities Com, Cat¬ tle, Malt, Wool, Wood, Iron, Chalk, Glafs, Filh and Fowl; among which the delicate Wheat-Ear Bird is faid to be pe¬ culiar to this County. A Suffex Carp, and Arundel Mullet, a CUchefler Lobller, an Amerley Trout, are famous. Here are 312 Parilhes, and 16 Towns; the chief is Chkhefler, a Bifhop’s See, 50 Miles from London-, hath a fine Cathedral Church; Lewes is a large Town, where the Affizes are gene¬ rally held. Chief Seats are Petworth, Duke of Somerfet's ; Haland and Bijbopftone, the Duke of Newcaftle's ; Artmdel- Caflle, Duke of Norfolk' s ; Stoneland and Buckhurft, Duke of Dorfet' s ; Goodwood, Duke of Richmond's ; Stanflead, Earl of Scarborough's-, Eajlborne Place, late Earl of Wilmington's; Hal- naher, the Earl of Derby's ; AJhburnham, the Earl of AJhburn- ham's; Up-Park, Earl of Tankerville's ; Cowdry, Lord Mon¬ tagu’s -, Firle, Sir William Gage’s ; Battle-Abbey, Sir Thomas Webjler's; Ratton, Sir Walter Parker's 5 Michel-Grove, Sir John Shelly's ; Parham, Sir Cecil Bijhop's ; Hurfmonceaux, Mr. Nay¬ lor's ; Den, Mr. E-versfield's ; Stammer, Mr. Pelham's ; Slaugh- (im, late Mr. Morton's. Itartoicftfljire, Is in the Diocefe of Worcefter, and of Lichfield and Coventry, no Miles in Circumference; contains about 670,000 Acres, and 21,973 Houfes. The Air is excellent, the Soil rich. Its principal River is Avon. Its Commodities Com, Malt, Wool, Wood, Iron, Coal, and Cheefe.' The Medicinal Water of Newnham is purgative with Salt, and aflringent with Sugar. It hath 158 Parilhes, and 17 Towns; the Chief is the fair and large City of Coventry, a County of itfelf, 74 Miles from Lon¬ don ; Warwick, the Shire and Afiize-Town, 68 Miles from Lon¬ don, hath a Free-School for Youth, and fome Hofpitals for poor Men, Women, and Children. Within two Miles of this Town is a fait and frefh Spring, within an Ell of one another; Birmingham is noted for curious Manufactures in Steel, Pollef- C 4 • wpttk . 24 €fje p^fent State Part I. ’worth for its School. Chief Seats are Famworth-Caflle, Earl of Ferrer's; Newenbam-Paddox, Earl of Denbigh's ; Compton in the Hole, Earl of Northampton's ; Hewel-Grange, Earl of Pit- mouth's ; Ettington, Earl of Ferrer's; Cafle-Bromwich, Vif- count Hereford's; Stonley, Lord Leigh's; Ragby and. Popham, Lord Conway's; Warwick Cajlle, Lord Brook's; Colejhill, Lord Digby's ; Newhold-Hall, Sir Francis Skipwith's; Arbury, Sir Edward Newdigate's; Famworth, Mr. Archers; Rugby, Mr. Conway's; Bagington, Ur.Bromley's. JEleffmojdanB, Is in the Diocefe of Chefter and Carlijle, i to Miles in Circum¬ ference; contains about 510,000 Acres, and 6,501 Houles. The Air is lharp, the Soil not very good, mountainous and moory. The North Parts are bell. Rivers, Eden, Can, Eamon, Lon. Its .chief Commodities and Manufafture is Cloth Here is 26 Parilhes and 8 Towns; the chief are Kendal, 202 Miles from London ; a rich populous Town, has a Free-School well endowed, and drives a great Trade in Woollen-Cloth, Cottons, Druggets, Serges, Hats and Stockings. Kirby-Lattfdal is a large Town, has a fair Church, Stone-Bridge, and a good Trade for Cloth. Appleby has a Free-School and Hofpital. Chief Seats, Pendragon- Cajlle, Earl of Fhanet' s ; Beltham-Cajile, Earl of Derby's ; Applcby-Cajlle, Earl of Fhanet' s ; Ltmither-Hall, Lord Lonf- dale's ; Rydall, Sir George Flemings ; at White-haven, Sir James Lbwther's. JIUiltlTjtre, Is in the Diocefe of Salijbury, 128 Miles in Circumference; contains about 876,060 Acres, and 27,093 Houfes; a plea- fant and' healthful Air and Soil. The Men are warlike and hardy: Its Rivers, Ifis, Kennet, Avon, Willy and Nadde. Its chief Commodities are Sheep, Wool, Wood, and choice Rab¬ bits of Auburn-Chafe. Near Market-Lavington is Knot-Grafs, ordinarily 15, fometimes 20 Foot long; its long Knots will fat Swine. The Woollen Manufaflure of this County is very great. It has 304 Parilhes and 23 Towns, beftdes the City of Salijbury, 70 Miles from London, which has one of the finelt Cathedral Churches in the World, founded by Richard Poor, Bilhop of Sarum, in the Year 1216. It has as many Doors as Months, Windows as Days, and Pillars as Hours in the Year. Its Steeple is the highell Spire of England. Moil of the Streets of this City have Rivulets running all along thro’ them. Near it is the famed Wonder of Stonehenge; the flrange Caves be¬ tween Luckington and Badmington are fuppofed to have been the Tombs of fome great Warriors. ' Hendon and Chippenham have great Markets. Its chief Seats are Fokenham, Duke of Somerfet's; Eduington, Duke of Bolton's ; Wilton, Earl of Pem¬ broke's; Fyljhead, Earl of Godolphin's-, Longleat, the Lord Wey¬ mouth's ; Lidiard-Fregofe, Lord St. John's ; War dour-Cafle, Lotd Arundel's of Wardour; Maiden-Bradley, Sir Edward Seymour's; Staudlinch, Sir Peter Vandeput'%; Longford, Sir Jacob Def- bottverie's } BookI. of Great-Britain. 25 hauverie's ; Stourton-Cajlle, Mr. Hoar's ; Maiington, Mr.Drax's ; Barrford, Mr. Duncomb's ; Compton, Mr. Nor they's. ®logcefferfl)ire. Is in Worcejter Diocefe,130 Miles in Circumference; contains about 540,000 Acres, and 20,634 Houfes. The Air fweet, the Soil rich for Tillage and Pafturage, efpecially'jhe Vale of Evefiam- Its Rivers, Severn, Avon, Team, &c. Its Commo- dites, Lampreys, Cheefe, Cyder, Perry, Cherries, Salt, _ Here are 152 Parilhes and- it Towns; the chief is the City of Worccjler, 86 Miles from London, a Bilhop’s See;' has a fine Cathedral Church, a great Cloth-Trade. Stowerbridge is noted for its Free-School, and Library, and Iron and Glafs-Works, and Kidderminjler for Stuffs, and Droilvikh for itsSalt Springs. The chief Seats are, Grafton, Earl of Sbrevojburf s; Crome, Earl of Coventry's ; Great Whitley, Lord Foley's ; Lenchvoich, Lord Craven's; Ombcrfly, Lord Sandy's ; Wejlviood, Sir Her- bert-Perrot Paline ton's ; Hagley, Sir Thomas Lyttleton's ; Soding- ton. Sir Edward Blount's. Is in York Diocefe, 360 Miles in Circumference; contains about 3,770,000 Acres, and 106,151 Houfes. The Airdiverfe, the Soil generally rich. ’Tis divided into three Divifions, ancient¬ ly called Ttthings (i. e. Third Parts) now corruptly Ridings, Eaft, North, and Wefl, which is the largefl. Its Rivers, Hum¬ ber (the Conflux of the following. Are, Culder, Dun, Derwent, , Nile, Oufe, Swall-Youre Warf) and Tees. Its Commodities Corn, Cattle, fine Horfes, Allom, Jet, Lime, Filh, Her¬ rings near Scarborough ; Iron about Sheffield ; Goats at Sttreby. Its Manufadtures, Cloth, Stockings, Knives, and Spurs. In the Nortb-Riding is a Trad! of Land, called Ricbmondjbire, whofe Hills afford Lead, Copper, and Pitcoal: Its chief Town Richmond. Here is in all 563 Parifh-Churches, with ' many Chapels of Eafe, and 49 Towns. The Shire-Town, York, 150 Miles from London, is reputed to be the fecond City of Eng¬ land, large, the Buildings old, and 'the Streets narrow, though there's now built there one of the finell Rooms in England for an Affiembly - Room, by Subfcription of the neighbouring Gentlemen, and is computed coll upwards of 10,000 /. This City hath in the Middle of it a noble Stone-bridge over the Ri¬ ver Oufe, confilling principally of one huge Arch: It isinclofed with a flrong Wall, contains 32 Churches and Chapels, where¬ of 28 are (till in Ufe ; jias a magnificent Cathedral Church, and is an Archbilhop’s $de. This City is governed by a Mayor, who has the Title of Lord, which no other Mayor has but he of London. Hull, otherwife called Kingjlon upon Hull, has been one of the flrongeil Fortreffes of England, but now of little or no Strength, there being no Guns mounted at the Fort, which' daily runs to Decay. Sheffield is noted for Smiths Trade; Rotleram for three Schools, firfl for Languages, fecond for Mufick,. 26 C&e Went State Part i. Mufick, third for Writing; Knarejborough for four medicinal Springs of different Operations; one of which, called the Drop- ping-Well, is the moft famous of all the petrifying Springs in England-, Dancafter for knit Waiftcoats, Gloves and Stockings ; Leeds for Clothiers; Sberborn for its Free-School; Pontefra3,\ Knarejborough, and Ripley for Liquorice; Rippon for Clothiers and Spur-makers. Borough-Bridge has near it four huge Pyrami- dal-ftones (called by the Vulgar, The Demits Arrows) a Monu¬ ment of Antiquity. Here are many excellent Harbours, as Scarborough, famous likewife for its medicinal Spaw-Waters j Burlington, Sec. Chief Seats are, Mulgrave-Cajile, late Duke of Bud’s ; Sheffield Matmor, Duke of Norfolk's-, Kiveton, Duke of Leeds-, Cajlle-Howard, the Earl of Carlijle's-, Stainjborough ahd Wentworth-Cajlle, the Earl of Strafford’s; Londejburgh, the Earl of Burlington's ; Hornby-Cajile, Earl of Holdcrnejs's ; Went- worth-Houfe , Earl Malton’s-, Snaith-Hall, Lord Downs' s; Temple-New[am. Lord Irwyn's ; LeadJlone-HaH, Lady Betlj Nailing's ; Newby, Sit Edward Blacket's-, Conftable - Burton, Sir' Marmduke Wymil's -, Great Ribjlon, Sir Henry ’Goodrich's ;. Sprotborough, late Sir Godfrey Copely's j Angleby Manner, Sit j William Foulis's ; Acklam, Sir William Huffier s ; Swillington Sir William Lowther's ; Boynton, Sir William Strickland's Scampjlon, Sit William St. faintin' s ; Wheatly, Sir G. Cooke's . Albrough, Sir Roger Beckwith's -, Calverley, Sir Walter Calmer- ley's-, Noflel, Sir Rowland Wynne's-, Nun-Appleton-Eall, Sit William Milner's-, Kirkleatham, Mr. Turner's ; Whixley, Mr.. Tancred's; GiJborough,Mr. Chaloner's ; Hemjley, Mr. Duncomb's; pear Beverley, Mr. Bradjhaw's. Wa lz sis generally divided into twelve Counties. ainglefep, T Sin the Diocefe of Bangor, 60 Miles in Circumference; X contains about 200,000 Acres, and 1840 Houfes; an IW encompafTed with the lrijh Sea on all Sides but the South Eaft, where it is parted from Caernarvon by the River Menta. liu> Ifland was anciently called Infula Opaca, from the great Quan¬ tity of Wood with which it was overgrown; but it is now ft bare, efpecially in the Northern and Wellern Parts, that ve iew Trees can be feen fit either for Timber or Shelter. -■ principal Commodities are Corn, Cattle, Fifh. and Fowl 1 , has 74 Parilhes, and 2 Towns; the chief Beaumns, from London, well built, and a good Harbour for Ships. Chid Seat, Lord Bulkelefs, near Beaumaris. 23?ertnoibfl)ire,. Is in Landaff Diocefe, 106 Miles in Circumference s contain! ■ about 620,000 Acres, and 5,934 Houfes. Its Mountains art barren, but its Valleys are very fruitful. Its principal Com¬ modities are Corn, Cattle, Fifh, and fome Otter-Fur hadi'fjTParilhes^and 4Towns; the chief Brecknock, 124 M* 3 t BookI. of Great-Britain, 27 from London at tHe Meeting of the Rivers Hodney and VJk. It is a well-built Town, where the Affizes are kept, and hath a good Trade for Cloathine. Its chief Seats are Crikhowil-Cajtle and fretawre-CaJlle, Duke of Beaufort's. Cariiigahfljire. Is in the Diocefe of St. David's, 94 Miles in Circumference ; i contains about 520,000 Acres, and 3,163 Houfes; a plentiful ! Country, and noted for its Lead and Silver Mines: It hath 77 ; Parifhes, and 4 Towns. The Shire and Affize-Town, Cardigan, i i s pleafantly feated on the River fyfvye, over which it has a fair [ Stone-bridge? It has a large populous Town, walled about, and fortified with aCaftle; hath a fair Church, and is 148 Miles from London. Chief Seats Peterwell, Mr. Lloyd’s ; Nanteos, Mr.Powell's; Gagarthen, Mr. Pryfc's. Caermartljenfljire, Is in the Diocefe of St. David's, 102 Miles in Circumference; contains about 760,000 Acres, and 5,352 Houfes; not fo moun¬ tainous as other Countries in Wales; abounds with Corn, Grafs, Cattle, Salmon, Wcod, Pit-coal, and the bed Lead. Here are 87 Parifhes, and 8 Towns. The Shire and Affize-Town is Caer- marthen, upon the River Towy, with a large Bridge. Here is a Mayor, two Sheriffs, and Aldermen, all in Scarlet Gowns, with other Enfigns of State, 178 ;Miles from London. At Cajlle- Kareg are vaft Caverns, fuppofed to have been Copper-Mines of the Romans. Its chief Seats are Golden-Grove and Emlyn. Duke of Bolton's; Edinsford, Sir Nicb. Williams's ; Newton, Sir John Prise's ; Aberglafney, Mr. Gwynn's. Caernarbonfliire, Is in the Diocefe of Bangor, 95 Miles in Circumference; con¬ tains about 370,000 Acres, and 2,765 Houfes ; is very ftrong by Nature, with fpiry Hills, the higheft in all Wales ; plentiful in Cattle, Fowl, Fifh, and Wood. It has 68 Parifhes and 6 Towns, all Havens. Caernatvon is the County-Town, 180 Miles from London. Chief Seats Bodvyan, Sir ‘Ihomas Wynn's ; Madrin, Mr. BodvelPs. ©enbigljfiiire, Is moftly in the Diocefe of St. AJapb ; but the Vale of Clywd js all, or moll of it, in Bangor Diocefe, and Denbigh itfelf is in that of St. Afapb. And here it may not be improper to ob- ferve, that the Reafon why the Jurifdiftions of theBifhops of St. Afapb and Bangor are fo intermixed, is fuppofed to be, becaufe the former was Biftiop in the Dominions of the Princes. of North-Wales, and the latter in thofe of the Princes of Powis- Land. This County is 116 Miles in Circumference, and con- tains about 410,000 Acres, and 6,398 Houfes. The Eaft Part, is naturally fruitful, and the Weft improved with the Afhes of- burnt Turf. The Inhabitants are chearful and long lived. Here is plenty of Rye or Amel-Corn, Goats and Sheep, and good Quantity of Lead-Oar in many Parts of this County. It hath 57 Parilhes and 4 Towns, one of which is Denbigh, which hath 2 & Cfie U&efent State Part I. a molt impregnable Caftle. This is a Town of good Trade for Tanners and Glovers. Wrexham, the biggeft Town in North- Wales, has a neat Church and lofty Steeple. The , Chief Seat is Llevienny, Sir Robert-Salujbury Cotton's ; Winflay, Sir Watkin Wil¬ liams's-, Chirk-Caf le, Mr. Myddleton's; Llannogh, Mr. Davies's. . tflintfljire, Is moftly in the Diocefe of St. Afaph, and the reft in Chefter. It is 40 Miles in Circumference; contains about 160,000 Acres, and 3,150 Hordes. Its Valleys are very fruitful, and its Inhabi- S ts long liv'd. The chief Commodities are Cattle, Butter, Cheefe, -coal, Lead, Mill-ftones and Honey, with which they make good Store of Methegiin. It has 28 Pariihes and 3 Towns. the Shire-Town, is fo fmall, that it hath not a Market. St.Afaph is an ancient Epifcopal See, upon the River Elwy, 159 Miles from London. Caervoys is the chief Market-town in the County, every Village being well fu.nilhed of itsfelf. Chief Seats, Mojiyn, Sir Roger Moyflyn's, near which are the famous Coal-pits of that Place, which go a great way to fupply Dublin with Coal; Ha- fi)ire, Is in three Diocefes; New Town, Pool, Llanvellin, and Ma¬ chynlleth, are in S/. Afaph-, Llandylos in Bangor; but the Town of Montgomery is in Hereford. It is 94 Miles in'Circumference; contains about 560,000 Acres, and 5,660 Houfes, delightful with many Hills and fruitful Valleys, breeds very good Horfes, and Plenty of Goats. It hath 47 Pariihes and 6 Towns. Montgomery, the Shire-Town, 120 Miles from London, is pleafantly feated, and t kl. of Great-Br i taxn.’ 29 (rong Caftle. Its chief Seats are PowisCaJlle,t nd Buttington- ' Hall, Marquifs of Powis's; Vapor, Lord Hereford's ; Llymore Lodge and LlyJJin, Lord Herbert's of Cherbury's ; Lloydierd, Mr. Wynne's ; and Garib, Sir Charles Lloyd's.- ^ratyofeetyire. Is in the Diocefe of St:David's,^ Miles in Circumference; contains about 420,000 Acres, and 4,329 Houfes. The Eaft Part is very pleafant, and the whole County plentiful in all Neceflaries for Life. Part of it is inhabited by Flemings, placed hereby Hen. I. Their Country is called Little England beyond Wales. Here is Plenty of Filh, Fowl, Pit-coal, and Marl. It has 45 Parifhes and 9 Towns; Pembroke the Shire-Town, 195 Miles from London, is well inhabited byGentlemenandTradefmen, fortified withaWall and ltrong Caftle. St. David's the Epifcopal See: An ancient Seat in it, Piftott-Cajlle, belonging to Sir John Phillips ; Oriel- ton, Sir Arthur Ovsen's ; Pendergrafs, Sir Lhomas Stepney's; S/e- ~ hitch and Colby, Mr. Bar levs’s ; Stacpole-Court, Mr. Campbells. In thisShine.is alfo contained the Town and County of Haverford- Wejl, and Milford-Haven, the Iargeft and moft capacious Harbour in the Kingdom. Is in the Diocefe of Herefordjhire, 90 Miles in Circumference ; contains about 310,000 Acres, and 3,158 Houfes ;.hath great Varieties of Air and Soil, ftored with Woods, Rivers, and. Meres. Its chief Commodities are Cheefe and Horfes. It hath 52 Parilhes and 4 Towns. Radnor is the Shire-Town, 119 Miles from Lon¬ don, hath a Caftle. Prefiigne is a large well-built Town, where the Aflizes are held, 116 Miles from London. Chief Seats, Hamage- Crange, Sir William Fowler's; Mac/yllwicb, Sir Humphty He- worth's ; Artlis and Harpton, Mr. Mamas Lewis's. There are in all, in England and Wales together, 25 Cities, 750 great Towns, called Market-Towns, 9,913 Parilhes, fome of 40 or 50 Miles Circuit, 61 Forefts, and about 300 Parks. It appears from the Obfervatipns and Calculations of the late George King, Efq; publilhed by Dr. D'Avenant, that the Rents of the Lands, by the Produce of the late Taxes, feem to be near 10 Millions per Annum; and that the Houfes. (not let with the Lands) amount to z Millions per Annum: And all other Hereditaments to about 2 Millions more; in all 14 Mil¬ lions : So that the People, and Territories of the King of Eng¬ land alone, may be valued for Wealth and Strength at above one Half of tliofe of France. And fince the whole annual Ex¬ pence of the King of England's Subjefts is about 50 Millions [The annual Income I fuppofe is meant here inftead of the an¬ nual Expence, and no body ever yet fuppofedour whole an¬ nual Income to amount to more than 32,000,000.- I hope our Expences don’t much exceed our Income at prefent] it will re¬ quire but an 8th Part thereof to maintain 100,000 Foot, 30,000 Horfe, 40,000 Seamen, and to defray all other Charges, of the Government Ordinary and Extraordinary. [But if our an¬ nual Intereft of 50,000,000 /. in which the Ration is indebted, amount} mounts to 5,000,000 per Annum in Time of Peace, and if we ihould be obliged to enter into War, which would coil 6 or 7 Millions more annually, in all n or i z,000,000 per Annum, how long would the Nation be able to maintain fuch a War, when her whole Income amounts to no moi;e than 32 Millions per Annum; 30 Millions whereof are fuppofed to be expended annually in maintaining the People; whether in tljis Cafe we Ihould not run out 10 Millions every Year beyond our Income ? j England, without Wales, is divided into 6 Circuits, allotted to the 12 Judges to hold Aflizes twice a Year. It is alfo di¬ vided by the King’s Juliices in Eyre of the Forells, and by the Kings of Arms, into North and South; that is, all Counties upon the North and South-Jide of Trent. CHAP. IY. Of it* Air, Soil and CohmOditi es. 2Jtr,]'Tr 1 H E Air is far more mild and temperate, if net X more healthy, than any Part of the Continent un¬ der the fame Climate. - Byreafonof the warm Vapours of the Sea on every fide, and the very frequent Winds from the huge Wellern Ocean, the Cold in Winter is oftentimes lefs iharp than in fome Parts of France and Italy, which yet are feated far more Southerly : ■ And the Heat in Summer is lefs fcorching than in fome Parts of the Continent that lie much more Northward. ' Soil.] It is bieffed with a very fertile wholefome Soil, wa¬ tered abundantly with Springs and Streams, and in diverfe Parts with great Navigable Rivers; and feveral of late Years have been made fo. It hath few barren Mountains and craggy Rocks, but generally pleafant Hills, rifing with eafy Afcents and fruitful Valleys, apt for Corn, Grafs, or Wood. CommoOitiefi.] As it is divided by theSeafrom the reft of the World, foit may, without the Afliftance of any other Part of the World, more eafdy fubfift than any of its neighbouring Countries. Firft, For wholefome fubftantial Food (as well as Delicates) there is Plenty of Fowl, Fifli, aud Flefh of all forts. England likewife abounds with Wheat, Barley, Rye, Pulfe, Beans, and Oats, with excellent Butter and Cheefe, Honey, Saffron, and many other choice Commodities for Food, Me¬ dicine and Pleafure. The Fields are fufficiently full of every thing the Earth pro¬ duces for the Ufe of Life. For Drinks, we abound with Beer, Ale, Cyder, Perry, Methe- glin and Mede, Brandy made either of Malt or Apples, &c. Here is great Plenty of excellent Fruit of all forts; but in Orchards and Gardens, you have Apples, Pears, Plums, Cher¬ ries, Peaches, Apricots, Nedtarines, Strawberries, &c. Variety of all forts, and in as great Perfedtion as any of the faid Fruits, efpecially Pears, are' found in the Kingdom of France. Th$. |VokI. OfGREAT-BRITAIN. 3 t The Kitchen-Garden affords us as great Plenty, of alt forts of Herbs and Roots, and they come to as great Maturity, as any .of the lame Species in our neighbouring Nations. It is endlefs to reckon up the Varieties of the Flower-Gar¬ dens : From all Quarters and Climates curious Plants have been brought, efpeqially of late Years, into England,: And in the Phyfick-Gardenat- Cbelfea, we may at once fee Specimens of every known Sort of the whole Vegetable Kingdom, that ' at Oxford not being kept up in the Manner it ought. Now of all thefe Things there is fuch a conftant Continu¬ ance, by reafon of the Clemency of the Climate, that fcarce the lead Famine, which frequenteth other Countries, hath been felt in England thefe 400 Years. Then for Raiment, England produceth generally very line Wool, which makes our Cloth more lading than other Coun¬ try Cloth, and better conditioned againft Wind and Weather; and in fuch Abundance, that not only all forts, from the high- eft to the lowed, are cloathed therewith ; but fo much hath been heretofore tranfported beyond the Seas, that in Honour of the Englijh Wool, which then brought fuch Plenty of Gold into the Territories of Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy (where the Staple of Englijh Wool was in thofe Days kept) he inftituted that famous Military Order of the Golden Fleece, after the Englijh Garter, the nobleft Order of Knighthood in Europe. This Abundance and Cheapnefs of Wool in England pro¬ ceeds not only from the Goodnefs of the Soil, but alfo from a Freedom from Wolves, and from exceffive Heats and Colds, which in other Countries create Charge and conftant guarding their Sheep, and houfing them by Night, and fometimes by Day alfo ; and if the Woollen Manufaflory had proper Encou¬ ragement, and Running of Wool prevented, it would be ofvaft Service to the Nation: And for advancing the Manufactures of Cloth, that neceffary Earth, called Fullers-Earth, is no where elfe produced in that Abundance and Excellency as in England. It wants not Linnen for all Ufes, at leaft not Ground to pro¬ duce Flax and Hemp, and fine Paper made of Linnen, although there hath been much Linnen imported with much Paper, to the Shame and Damage of the Nation : But there are lately- many Paper-mills erefted, and tolerable fine Paper made in feveral Places of England. Befides, there is in England great Plenty of excellent Lea¬ ther for all forts of Ufes j infomuch, that the pooreft People in England wear good Shoes of Leather; whereas in our neighbouring Countries, the Poor generally wear either Shoes of Wood, or none at all. For Building, it wants not Timber, nor Iron, Stone nor Slate, nor Ardoife, or blue Slate, Brick nor Tiles, Marble nor Alabafter, Mortar or Lime, Lead nor Glafs. For Firing, either Wood, Sea-coal, or Pit-coal, is almolt every where to be had at reafenable Rates, and alfo Turf For 32 tElje latent (State Parc i. For Shipping, no where better Oak, no where fuch Knee-Tim¬ ber, as they call it, for which four Forefts are eminent and con¬ venient likewife for Portage, viz. New-Fore]} in Hamplhirejv&x the Sea, Sherwood on the 'Trent, Dean on the Severn, and Wind- for-ForeJhsezs the Thames. Wehavelikewife great Store of Iron. For War, for Coach an &.Waggon, for Travelling, Hunting and Racing, no where greater Plenty of Horfes, tho’ your New-Eng- land Pads are efteemed as the fwifteft Pacers j alfo for Plough and Pack-Carriage; infomuch as Mules, and Affes,fo generally made ule of in France, Italy and Spain, are utterly defpifed in England. Here are Dogs of all Sorts, Sizes and Ufes, as Maftiffs, Grey¬ hounds, Spaniels for Land and Water, Hounds for Stag, Buck, Fox, Hare and Otter, Lurchers, Setting-dogs, &c. The Bear and Bull-dog Maftiffs feem to be the boldeft and llrongeft Creatures of their Size in the World; one of them will encoun¬ ter fingly a Lion, Bear, Bull, or any Creature they are fet upon, and not give over to the laft Breath of Life. Our Game- Cocks likewife are fo ftout and hardy, that if two of them are well matched, they both become dying Conquerors by flaying one another; but it is well known both of Englijh Cocks and Dogs, that if they are carried into another Country, after fome considerable Time they degenerate. Moreover, England produceth, befides a mighty Quantity of Tin, Lead and Iron,, fome Brafs and Copperas, Copper, and Lapis Calaminaris to make Brafs; much Allum, Salt, Hops, Liquorice, Wax, Tallow, Coney-fors, Salt-petre, Madder, and Woad for Dying; all Sorts of Glafs, Flax, Hemp, £sV. and diverfe other beneficial Commodities. It wants not Mines of Silver in Wales, Cornwall, Lanca/hire, and the Bilhoprick of Durham, which yield ordinarily fix or eight Ounces per Cent, but moft of thefe lying deep, are hard to come unto, and Workmen dear. It wants not Hot Baths, as in Somerfetjhire, Derby/hire, and other Places, abound in Medicinal Springs, working either by Stool or Urine, as at Tunbridge, Epfom, Scarborough, Afirop, Alton, Barnet, North-Hall, Dullidge, IJlington, Sellenge, Cob- ham, Shooter's-Hill, Richmond and Hampjiead. [Of late Years the Holt Water has been much ufed: At Otters-Pool near Wa¬ terford in Hertfordjhire is an excellent Cold. Bath, which has done great Good to Perfons afflifted with the Rheumatifm, Scorbutick, Leprofy, and other Humours,] Tho’ fome Countries excel England in fuch Things, yet gene¬ rally there is no one Country which hath greater Abundance of all things neceflary for Mans Life, and more efpecially for all kind of Food; infomuch that it hath been judged, that there is yearly as much Flelh and Beer confirmed in England, by over- plentiful Tables, as would ferve three times the Number of Peo¬ ple. Add to all this, that being encompaffed with the Sea, and well furhilhed with Ships, and abundance of commodious and excellent Havens and Ports, it excels for Safety and Security all the neigbouring Countries. CHAP; ^Book l. of Great-BritaIN. 33 CHAP. V. Of its Inhabitants, their Nuttier, Lan¬ guage, and Character. - ^Inhabitant#,] sp H E firft Inhabitants in England were BrU J JL tons, defended from the Gauls, whofe Language was once almoft the fame; fubdued after by the Ro¬ mans, who, by reafon of their Troubles nearer Home, werfl •contained to abandon this Country about 400 Years after Chrift; whereupon the Extra-Provincial Britons (then called Pills from retaining the Cuftom of painting their Bodies,- once in common to the Inhabitants of the whole Ifland) invading the Britons, they called to their Aid the Saxons; who calling away the Pills, foon made themfelves Mailers of the Britons. But thefe, not able to endure the heavy Yoke of the Saxons, after many Battles and Attempts to recover their loft Liberties and Country, retired, or were driven, feme of them into Bretaigne . in France, but moll of them into the two utmoft nveftern barren and mountainous Parts of this Country, called afterwards by the Saxons, Walijhland, as the Germans Hill call Italy, Weijh- lani, becaufe inhabited by the Cifalpine Gauls, and' the French call our Country of Britain, Le Pais tie Galles. The Saxons, folely poffeffed of all the bell Parts of this Ifle, were for a long Time infefted, and for fome Time almoft l'ub- dued by the Danes, and afterwards wholly by the Normans, who drove not out the Saxons, but mixed with them ; fo that the Eng- lijh Blood at this Day is a Mixture chiefly of Norman and Saxon, notwithdutaTindlureof Danijh, Roman, and Britijh Blood. ijiumber Of 3 !nl]abifant#.] T° gi ve the Reader ah exadt Account of the Number of People in England, will be very dif¬ ficult ; but a near Conjedlure may be thus made. England contains, according to the Calculation of Mr. Hough¬ ton, in his Account of the Acres and Houfes, with the propor¬ tional Tax of each County of England and Wales, printed Anno 1693, 1,175,951 Houfes. Now allowing to each Houfe, one . with another, 6Perfons, there will be found in all 7,055,706 Souls, and amongft them 1,000,000 of Fighting-men. All the' Souls in France are computed at 13,500,000, or at the moll 15,000,000, of which 270,000 are Churchmen, belides Nuns; the Clergy of England are not 15,000. SCTjeiC language.] The Englijh Tongue is a Mixture, chiefly of the old Saxon (a Dialed! of the Teutonic a-) and the old Norman (which was Part French, Part Danijh) with a large Mix¬ ture of the Britijh, Roman, and Danijh Languages. The Names of Shires, Cities, Towns aiid Villages, Places, and Men in England , are generally Saxon j and 16 are ireft Nouns Appellative, and a great Part of the Verbs. In French, or rather Noman, are written fome old Statutes, and many old Books and Reports of the Common Laws, .and D • learned 24 tEfje pyjfcttt'Sitiate Wrt Ti learned by young Students thereof ’; the. Reports and Law-Books of late Date-are all in Englijb, and,, by a late Aft of Parlia¬ ment, the Proceedings, and Pleadings are to be fo: In Parlia¬ ment the Aflent or Diffent to Bills' made by the King, Lords, or Commons,-’is in French: Almoft all our Terms in Cookery, Dicing, Dancing, Singing, Hetaldry, & c. are Hill French. - Character.] The Natives of England are-generally of a mid¬ dle Stature: They are fair, efpecially the Women :,The Men are ftrong, couragious, warlike, refolute, enterprizing, liberal to Prodigality, open-hearted, eafy to be provoked, .yet, , when exafpcrated, ftomachful ’till Satisfaftion be given, and then eafy to be reconciled; fumptucus and fplendid, great Lovers of Hofpitality, magnanimous, beneficent, and learned; They are thought to be inauftrious (the Mechanicks being of all Nations the greateft. Improvers) but want Caution, Sufpicion, Craft, Obfequioufnefs, and, which is. moft of all to be deplored. Con¬ tent : Yet thefe Wants are fupplied by many eminent Qualifica¬ tions, as Dexterity, Sagacity, Eloquence, Fidelity, Friendihip, Publick-fpiritednefs. The Daringnefs of. the Soldier, the Profoundnefs of the Scho¬ lar, the Magnificence ,of the Gentry, and the Robuilnefs of the Labourer, are not furpaffed, if equalled, by any People in the World. . The Women are not without Vanity, Pretenfions to Satire, Railery, and the like; , which Vices they have (sorrowed from their Neighbours the French: But no Women out-do them in Modefty, Patience, Charity, providential Care, Temperance, Wit, good Humour, Cleanlinefs, and that which crowns all the reit, is the Sincerity and Zeal of religious Devotion. Good Nature is a Qualification peculiar to the Englijb, fo pe¬ culiar, that, as a noble Writer obferves, there is no Word for -it in any other Language. The Inhabitants are generally of folid Parts, apprehenfive and fagacious; fuccefsfiil in finding out new Difcoveries, but moll of all in improving of old, efpecially Mechanicks; there being few Curiofities of Art brought over from beyond Sea, but are here improved to a greater Height. Here are the bell Clocks, Watches, Locks, Barometers, Thermometers, Air-pumps, &c. in the World. The late Queen Mary had a Clock made by Mr. Watfon, late of Coven¬ try, worth a thoufand Pounds, in which are all the Motions of the Celeftial Bodies; [and of late Years, Mr. Pinchbeck has made feveral Mufical, and other fine Clocks, which he has fold at 1000 Guineas.] Locks are here made of Iron and Brafs, of fifty Pounds a Lock; Watches fo curious, that one Part of the Movement of a Repeating-Watch comes to ten Pounds, which makes them ordinarily fifty or fixty Pounds a Watch 5 and yet thefe prove profitable Merchandize when we fend them into foreign Countries; fo valuable and fo inimitable is the Work. Book I. ilf GkEXf-BKlf'Aiw: 3J Carious Telefcopes, Microfcopes, Perfpeftives, Mirrors, Spheres, Globes, Charts, Maps, and all forts of Mathematical Inftru- ments, Dials, Balances, Sea-Compaffes, &c. The late great Improvement in making Glafs; of polilhing the Infides of great Iron-Guns 5 of weighing up Ships that are funk to the Bottom of the Sea; in Fiihwg, as they call it, for Money, loft it may he too Years ago; and many other noble Inventions and Im¬ provements, as weaving Silk-Stockings, Mills of Copper, Gun¬ powder, polilhing Glafs, &c. Mortlake Tapeftry, Earthen-ware of fnlham, Speaking-Trumpets, making of Luftring, Engines for railing of Glafs, Ipinning of Glafs, cutting of Tobacco, printing Stuffs, Linnen, Paper, making Damalk Linnen, wa¬ tering Silks, the Way of feparating Gold from Silver, Bolting- inills, Lanthoms of diverfe Sorts, Cane-Chairs, making Horn- Ware, .{iff. All thefe Inftances Ihew how excellently the Eng- ilfi Nation is turned for all manner of mechanical Arts. The common People will endure long and hard Labour; info- much that after 1 z Hours hard Work,they will go in the Evening to Foot-ball, Cricket, Prifon-bars, Wreftling, Cudgel-playing, or fome fuchi like vehement Exercife for their Recreation. They are as long liv’d generally as the People of any Nation in the World, In the Reign of King James the Firlt, 8 old Men danced a Morice-dance, all living in one Manour in the Weft of England, whofe Ages put together made 800 Years j and in the Year 163;, died old Parr, aged 152: And in the Year 1671, died lienr/ Jenkins of Torkjbire, aged 168 Years. But on the other Side, by reafon of Intemperance, there is no Part of the World wherein People are more fubje£t to die fuddenly. CHAP. VI. Of Religion. /"''Hriftianity was very early planted in England j but when or V/ by whom, ’ is very uncertain; probably in the latter End of the lirft, or the Beginning of the fecond Century. In 'Tertullian' s Time, even that Part of Britain which did not own the Roman Yoke, fubmitted to the Name of Chrift. Three Britifi Bilhops of Caerleon, as it is fuppofed, of London, and of York, fubfcribed the Canons of the Council of Ales, A. C. 314. Under them were, as is laid, 25 other Bilhops; which Number of Bilhops (confidering that the Province then reached as far as Grahme'i Dike) was much the fame as there are now. The Britijb Church, upon the Invafionof the Saxons, was, 1 with its People, driven into the Weftern Parts, as Wales, Glou‘ iefterjhire, Smtrfitjbire, Deuonjhire, and CerrMal, where it D 2 continued. 3 6 dtiQC . Parti. continued. When Augu/line the Monk converted Ethelbert, King of Kent, and his People to Chriftianity, A. C. 596, by Order of his Mailer, Pope Gregory the Great, he laboured to bring the Britijh Bilhops to acknowledge the Pope’s Authority, and him as their Archbilhop. This when they refufed to do, the Saxons, at his Inftigation, fell upon 1200 Monks and Priefts of the Britijh Nation, and killed them. The Saxons, and after them the Normans, owned five Popes Authority; and after King John had bafely fubjected his Crown to the Pope, the better thereby to free himfelf from his too pow¬ erful Barons, England was, ’till the Reformation, one of the tameft Countries that anywhere fubmitted to the Roman Yoke. Our Parliaments indeed did many times exert themfelves vigor- oufly; but Hill the Papal Yoke lay heavy upon the Shoulders of the whole Nation: But in Henry the Eighth’s Time, when Luther's Preaching had alarmed the greateft Part of the King¬ doms of the North, and infpired them with almoft an univerfal Confent to fet their Confciences free at once from the Romijh Tyranny, EngIand]oin'& in with the general Torrent. Henry VIII. himfelf being enraged at Pope Clement Vllth’s Ufage of him in the Matter of his Divorce from Queen Catherine, abo- lilhed the Pope’s Supremacy, and feized upon all the Monafte- ries and other religious Houfes in England, and divided their Lands amongft the Nobility and Gentry of the Kingdom ; but in other Articles of Religion he continued a Papill: So that the Reformation went on but lamely in his Time. Under his Son Edward VI. it gained more Ground; and the Superftitions of Popery were almoft entirely abolifhed. Queen Mary, who reign¬ ed but five Years, brought Popery in again: But the bloody Executions of above 500 Proteftants in her Time, who were burned for their Faith, did fo alienate the People’s Affedtion from her, that Queen Elizabeth, who fucceeded her, found it no difficult Matter to fettle the Reformation again upon that Foot on which it flill continues. Bifhops were then confecrated by other Bifhops, whofe Succef- fion was unqueftionable from the firft Planters of Chriftianity among us, and placed in every See where there had been Bilhops formerly. Articles of Religion were appointed, which dill are required- to be fubferibed and affented to by every Man that takes any Ecclefiallical Preferment in our Church ; and a Li¬ turgy was enadled to be obferved in performing Divine Service in the Etglijh Tongue: Afterwards, in King James's Time, a Book of Canons was alfo fet forth, by which the Difcipline of the Church of England was fettled. And from all thefe any Man may frame an Idea of our Church. And tho’ there be feveral other Perfuafions in this Nation that differ from the Church of England, as eftablifhed by Law, tnd who were liable to fome Inconveniences becaufe of their Perfuafions, ’till of late, fuch as Prejlyterians, hdependants, 2 and f) Book I. Of GreAt-Britain. 37 and AnalaptiJh, neverthelefs, fince the Revolution, all his Ma- iefty’s Protellant Subjefts diifenting from the Church of Eng¬ land, are, by an Aft in the Firft of King William and Queen Mary, exempted from the Penalties of certain Laws therein mentioned: So that no Man is to be molefted upon account of his Religion, that takes the Oath of Allegiance to his prefent Majefty, [and the Oath of Abjuration, required by an Aft of 13 Will • III. and confirmed by feveral fnbfequcnt Afts, with fome fmall Alterations: Inftead of which Oath and De¬ claration, the Quakers folemn Affirmation of the like Tenor is accepted; and by an Aft of 8 Geo. I. Cap. 6. they were in¬ dulged fo far, as to have the Name of God ftruck out of their Affirmation and Declaration. But in Cafe of Life and Death, they mull: fwear, or can’t be Witneffes] and fubferibes the De¬ claration enjoined in an Aft of 30 Car. II. entituled, An AB to prevent Papifis from fitting in either Boufe of Parliament, when tendered to them. There is alfo a Toleration granted to the Quakers, who fcruple the taking of an Oath ; and the Declaration every fuch Pcrfon ffiall make and fubferibe, is as follows: I A. b. tio fincerelp p?otnife ana folemnlp Declare before (SoD anD tlje ®lo?tD, fljat 31 toill be SCuie ana Jfaitlj* fui fo King george: ^nD 3 foletnnip p?ofrfe anD Declare, ttjat 31 Do from tup ifjeart abljo?, betc& anD re* nounce, a;ff Impious! ann heretical, fljat Damnable Wot* trine anD 3&ofifion, JJTljat ^incest (grcomtminicaten 0 ? ©epjibeD bp flje i&ope, 0 ? anp 2lutljo?itp from tljr &re of Rome, map beBepofcn, op SjBurtljerfO bp flicir jstib jm, op anp otljer tofjafforbcr: AnD 31 Do Dfelarr , Hint no jfo;cign $?ince, $crfon, Vitiate, #fatc, op If ctr>i< fate, fjatij, 0 ? ougljt to ijaDe anp $otoer, 3|urifri£tion J $uperio?ifp, ^re^minener, 0? Autljo?itp, (£rcle£afii* cal oj spiritual, toitljin tljljer jlRealm, ■ And they muft fubferibe a Profeflion of their. Chriftian Belief in thefe Words: T A. B. $?ofefa! ffaitlj in < 25 oD flje Jfafljer, an» in leftist 1 €lj?iff ijist (gternal £on, tlje true trengtl)/] And let our Sovereign be confidered abltraftly as King only of England, which is like a huge Fortrefs, or a garrifon’d Town, fenced not only with Itrong Works, and a wide and deep Ditch, the Sea, but guarded alfo with excellent Out-works, the flrongeft and belt built Ships of War in the World: It is fo abundantly furnilhed with Men and Horfet, with Viftuals and Ammunitions, with Cloaths and Money, that if all the Potentates of Europe fhould confpire (which God forbid!) they could hardly conquer it, provided it be at Unity in itfelf. This for the Dcfenfvc Strength of the King of England ; now for the ojfenfive. How formidable mull: He be to the World, when they lhall underftand that a King of England is well able, whenever he is willing, to raife of Englifh Foot two Hundred Thoufand, and of Englijh Horfe fifty Thoufand (for fo many, during the Civil Wars, were computed to be in Arms on both Sides.) And when they fhall conftder the Valiant and Martial Spirit of the Englijh, their Natural Agility of Body, their Patience, Hardinefs and Stedfaflnefs is fuch, and their Fear of Death fo little, that no Neighbour-Nation, upon equal Number .and Terms, fcarce ever beat them, either at Sea or 5 Land; BookII. Of Great-Britain. 51 Land; when they fhall confider, that for' Tranfporting of an Army, the King of England hath at Command two Hun¬ dred excellent Ships of War, and can hire two Hundred ftout Englijh Merchant-Ships, little inferior to Ships of War; that he can foon Man the fame with the beft Sea-Soldiers in the whole World; and that for maintaining fuch a mighty Fleet, fuffi- cient Money, for a competent Time, may be raifed only by a Land-Tax. ^atrimon)’.] All other Lands in England being held now of fome Superior, depend mediately or immediately on the Crown ; fo that the King is Lord Paramount, Supreme Land¬ lord of all the Lands of England; and all landed Men are me¬ diately or immediately his Tenants by feme Tenure or other 5 but the Lands poffefs’d by the Crown being held of none, can cfckat to none, and are now made unalienable ; though they have been (by Time, the Gift and Bounty of our Kings, and fome Neceffities for the Prefervation of the Weal Pub- lick) much alienated: However, there is yet left many Parks, Capes, or Palaces, and Farefis, Bill belonging to the King, to receive and divert him, when he fhall pleafe in his Royal Pro- grefs to vifit thofe Parts. The certain Revenues of the King of England were anciently enough to difcharge all the ordinary Expehces of the Crown, without any Tax or ImpoB upon the Subjeft. Upon the happy Reiteration of King Charles the Second, the Lords and Commons affembled in Parliament, finding the Crown-Revenues much alienated, and the Crown- Charges exceedingly encreafed, by reafon of the late vaft Augmentation of the Revenues, and Strength by Sea and Land of our two next Neighbour Nations abroad, did unanimoufly conclude, That for the Peace and Security, for the Wealth and Honour of the King and Kingdom, it would be neceffary to fettle upon his Majelly a yearly Revenue of twelve Hun¬ dred Thoufand Pounds; and, accordingly, with the King’s Confent, at the humble Rcquefi: of the Lords and Commons, there was eftablilhed by Impofls upon imported and exported Goods, upon Liquors drank in England, and upon Fire- Hearths, fo much as was judged would bring up the former impaired Crown-Revenues to the faid Sum. But the Impoft upon Fire-Hearths, the late King William and Queen Mary, of ever bleffed Memory, were gracioufly pleafed by Aft of Par¬ liament to remit. At the Death of King Charles II. the Re¬ venue amounted to about 1,800,000 /. per Annum ; and in King James the Second’s Reign, in the Time of Peace, if was raifed to 2,000,000 /. yearly. [Thefe have ever fince the laft Peace been raifed to three Millions annually and upwards for the Service of the Government, beftdes near three Millions more to difcharge the Intereft of a Debt of fifty Millions contrafted'by the late War, and the Revenues of all the Lands of England E 2 do 52 e latent atate Part i. do not amonnt to fifteen Millions fir Jim.'] Notwithftanding which, the whole yearly Revenues of the King of England was not then above the tenth Part of the Revenues of his Kingdom ; whereas the King of France hath yearly above one hundred and eighty Millions of Limns, which is above twelve Millions of Pounds Sterling, a fourth Part of the whole Re¬ venue of France, and the publick Revenue of the United Nether¬ lands, coming all out of the Subjects Purfcs, is above fix Mil¬ lions of Pounds Sterling. The ordinary Charge of the Government, or Civil Lift, as it is now called, was, upon her late Majefty’s Acceflion to the Crown, fettled by Parliament at 700,000 l. per Annum, upon the belt Funds in England: [The Civil Lift Revenue is now encreafed to one Million per Annum at leaft.] And the Crown of England hefore the long, but neceffary War, was as little in Debt as perhaps any State of fo great a Confideration in the World. KcCpCtt,] In Confideration of thefe, and other tranfcendent Excellencies, no King in Chrifiendom, nor other Potentate, receives from his Subjects more Reverence, Honour, and Refpeft, than the King of England. All his People at their firft Ad- dreffes kneel to him: He is at all Times ferved upon the Knee: All Perfons (not the Prince, or other Heir apparent excepted) Hand bare in the Prefence of the King, and in the Prefence- Chamber, though in the King’s. Abfence. Any Thing or A£l done in the King’s Prefence, is prefumed to be void of all Deceit and evil Meaning j and therefore a Fine levied in the King’s Court, where the King is prefumed to be prefeni, doth bind a Feme Covert, amarried Woman, and others, whom ordinarily the Law doth difable to tranfaft. The King’s only Teftimony of any thing done in his Pre¬ fence, is of as high a Nature and Credit as any Record; and in all Writs fent forth for the Difpatch of Juftice, he ufeth no ether Witnefs but himfelf 1 viz. Tefie meipfo. Ilrnw.] I £ > s the common Tradition, that after the Conqueft the Kings of England bare Two Leopards, borne firft by the Conqueror, as Duke of Normandy (and it is remarkable that they belong to his prefent Majefty, as he is Duke of Brunfwick) ’till the Time of Henry II. who in Right of his Mother annexed her Paternal Coat, the Lion of Aquitain, which being of the lame Field, Metal, and Form with the Leopards, from thence forward they were jointly marlhalled in one Shield, and blazoned Three Lions, as at prefent. King Edvorrd III. in Right of his Mother claiming the Crown of France, with the Arms of England quartered the Arms of France, which then were Azure, Semee de Flower-de- luces, On afterwards changed to Three Flower-de-Luces ; whereupon Henry V. of England caufed the Englijb Arms to be changed likewife. King James, upon the Union of England. Book II. of Great-Britain. 53 and Scotland, caufed the Arms of France and England to be quarter’d with Scotland and Ireland, and thus blazoned : ^ In the firft Place, Azure, Three Flower-de-Luces, Or, the Regal Arms of France quartered with the Imperial Enfigns of England, which are Gules, Three Lions Paffant Guardant in Pale, Or. In the fecond Place, Or, within a Double Trejfure, Counter-flower d Lys, Gules, a Lion Rampant of the Second, for the Royal Arms of Scotland. In the third Place, Azure, an Irijh Harp, Or, flringed, Argent, for the Royal Enfigns of Ire¬ land. In the fourth Place, as in the firft; all within the Gar¬ ter, the chief Enfign of that molt Honourable Order: AJiove the fame, an Helmet, anfwerable to his Majefty’s Sovereign Jurifdiftion ; upon the fame a rich Mantle of Cloth of Gold doubled, Ermin, adorn’d with an Imperial Crown, and fur mount¬ ed for a Crefl, by a Lion Paffant Guardant, Crowned with the like ; fupported by a Lion Rampant Guardant, Or, Crowned as the former, and an Unicorn, Argent, Gorged with a Crown, thereto a Chain aflix'd, palling between his Fore-legs, and re¬ flexed ever his Back, Or ; both Handing upon a Compartment placed underneath, and in the Table of the Compartment his Majefty’s Royal Motto, Dieu & Mon Droit. The Arms of France were placed firft, for that France is the greater Kingdom; and becaufe from the firft bearing, thofe Flowers have been always Enfigns of a Kingdom; whereas the Arms of England were originally of Dukedoms, as aforefaid. The Blazon of the Arms of Great-Britain fince the Union is as follows: Quarterly of Four : In the firft Quarter, Gules, Three Lions . Paffant Guardant, Or, Impaling, Or, a Lion Rampant within a double Trejfure Flory, Counterflory, Gules, Great-Britain. z. A- sure, Three Flower-de-luces, Or, France, 3. Azure, a Harp, Or, fringed Argent, Ireland. The Fourth as the Firft. The Motto upon the Garter, Honi foit qui malypenfe ; that is, Shame be to him, that evil thinketh of it, was firft given by King Edward III. the Founder of that Order ; and that none might believe his Defign therein was any other than juft and honourable, he caufed thofe Words to be wrought in every Garter that he bellowed: Whereof more in the Chapter of the Knights of the Garter. The Motto, Dieu & Mon Droit ; that is, God and my Right, was firft given by Richard I. to intimate, that .the King of England holdeth his Empire not in VafTalage of ainy mortal Man, but of God qnly; and afterwards taken up by Edw. III. when he firft claimed the Kingdom of France. The Device of a Portcullis of a Caftle, yet to be feen in many Places, was the Badge, or Cognizance, of the Houfe of Lancafler. The White Rofe was the ancient Bearing of the Houfe of York, apd the Red Rofe that of Lancafler. The Thiflle belongs to Scotland. £ 3 CHAP. 54 C&e f le&itt State Part i CHAP. III. C/S uccession to the Crown of England, and of the King’s Minority, Incapacity, and Abfcnce. T H E King of England hath Right to the Crown by Inhe¬ ritance, and the Laws and Cultoms of England. Upon the Death of the King, the next of Kindred, bom of Parents in lawful Wedlock, though born out of the Dominions of England, or bom of Parents not Subjefts of England (as by Law and many Examples in the Englifr Hiftories it doth mani- felily appear) is immediately King, before any Proclamation, Coronation, Publication, or Confent of Peers and People. The Crown of England from the Father to the Son, and his Heirs for want of Sons, to the eldeft Daughter and her Heirs; and for want of a Daughter, to the Brother and his Heirs ; and for want of a Brother, to the Siller and her Heirs. The Salijtte Law, or rather Cultom of France, hath here no Force. Formerly at the Death of every King, not only the Offi¬ cers of the Court, but all Commiffions Civil and Military expired; but now they are to continue in Force fix Months longer. ^ino^itp. If the King be likely to leave his Crown to an Infant, he doth ufually by Teftament appoint the Perfon or Perfons that lhall have the Tuition of him } fometimes, for want of fuch Appoinment, a fit Perfon of the Nobility or Bilhops is made, choice of by the three States affembled in the Name of the Infant King, who, by Nature and Alliance, hath moll Interell in the Prelervation of the Life and Authority of the Infant, and to whom leaft Benefit can accrue by his Death or Diminution; as the Uncle by the Mother’s Side, if the Crown come by the Father, and fo vice verfa, is made Pro- teflor: So during the Minority of Edward IV. his Uncle by the Mother’s Side, the Duke of Earnerfet, had the Tuition of him, and was call’d ProteSor: And when this Rule hath not been obferv’d (as in the Minority of Edward V.) it hath prov’d of ill Conference. Ibftnce*] Book II. of Great-Britain. 55 aibfcnce.] If the King was abfent upon any foreign Expe¬ dition, or otherwife, the Cuftom was to conllitute a Vicegerent by Commiffion under the Great Sea], giving him feveral Titles and Powers, according as the Neceflity of Affairs have required; fometimes he hath been call’d Lord-Warden, or Lord-Keeper of the Kingdom, and therewith had the general Power of a King, as was praffifed during the Abfence of Edward I, II, III, and of Henry V. Of later Times, the King has appointed Regents, or Lords Juflices, who are commonly the Great Offi¬ cers of State. flncaparitp.] If the King of England be Non compos mentis, or, by reafon ot an incurable Difeafe, Weaknefs, or old Age, becomes uncapable of Governing, then is made a Regent, Pro¬ testor, or Guardian, to govern. CHAP. IV. Of the prefent King of Great-Britain, fir. H IS Majefly now reigning, is GEORGE II. by the. Grace of G o D of Great-Britain, France , and Ireland, King, fs 'c. Defender of the Faith; eldeft Son of his late moft Sacred Majeily King GEORGE I. He was proclaimed King of Great-Britain, June 15, 1727. Born in the Palace of Harenbaufen in Hammer, the 30th Day of OSlober, 1683. On the 23d of Augufi, 1705, He married the Princefs Wilbelmina-Dorotbea-Cbarlotte of Brandenburgh- Anfpach, late Queen Confort of Great-Britain, by whom he has two Sons and five Daughters, viz. His Royal Highnefs Frederick-Lewis, Prince of Wales, Sec. bom at Hammer Ja¬ nuary 20, ryof-. Prince William-Augujius, born at London April 15, 1721. Her Royal Highnefs Princefs Anne (married to his Serene Highnefs the Prince of Orange)\sam 0 Holer 22, 1709. Princefs Amelia-Sophia-Eleanora, born May 30, 17*1. Princefs Elizabeth Carolina, born May 30, 1713, Princefs Maria (married to his Serene Highnefs the Prince of Heffe Caff el) born February 22,172-f. And the Princefs Louifa, (married to the Prince Royal of Denmark ) born December 7, 1724. Of the Qjj e e n of England when fhe is Confort only , not Regent. T H E Word Queen comes from the Saxon Cmien, fignifying a, Woman, as alfo a Wife, and feems to be applied, in Procefs. of Time, by our Anceftors, to the King's Wife, as Hlafdig, or Lady, afterwards was, and as Madam, or Madamoifelle, is ufed % 4 : not* 56 Clje p?efent State Parti, now in France, to fignify the Wife and Daughter of the Pukt of Orleans, where the one is the firft Lady, and the other the firft Gentlewoman, becaufe (he was the chiefeft Woman, 01 Wife, in the Kingdom ; juft as we now fay, the Town, or tht City, fox London, &c. .She hath as high Prerogatives, Dignity, and State, during the Life of the King, as any Queen in Europe. 3 &?erogatitoe«] From Saxon Time the 2>uecn-ConJbrt ol .England, tho’ (he be an Alien born, and tho’ during the Life of the King (he be Feme Covert, as our Law fpeaks, yet with¬ out any Aft of Parliament for Naturalization, or Letters Patents for Denization, (he may purchafe Lands in Fee-Simple, make Leafes and Grants in her own Name, without the King; hath Power to Give, to Sue, to Contrail, as a Feme-Sole ; may receive by Gift from her Huiband, which no other Feme-Covert may do. She may Prefent by herfelf to a Spiritual Benefice ; and in a Pfuare Impedit brought by her, Plenarty, by the Prefentation of another, is no more a Bar againft her, than it is againft the King. She (hall not be Amerced'A (he be Nonfuited in any Aftion.&r. Of latter Times (he hath had as large Dower as any Queen in Chrjftendom; hath her Royal Court apart, as Officers, (Sc. The Queen may not be Impleaded ’till firft Petitioned ; if (he be Plaintiff, the Summons in the Procefs need not to have the Solemnity of fifteen Days, l£c. She is reputed the Second Perfion in the Kingdom. The Law fetteth fo high a Value upon Her, as to make it Jligh-Treafim to confpire her Death, or to violate her Chaftity. Her Officers, as Attorney and Sollicitor, have Refpeft above others, and Place within the Bar with the King’s Council. The like Honour, Reverence and Refpell that is due to the King, is exhibited to the Queen both by Subjefts and Fo¬ reigners, and alfo to the Queen -Dowager, or Widow-Queen; nor does (he, like other Subjefts, lofe her Dignity, tho' (he (hould marry a private Gentleman: Thus Queen Catherine, Widow to King Henry the Fifth, being married to Owen ap Theodoret, Rfqj did maintain her Aftion as Queen of England: Much lefs doth a Queen by Inheritance, or a Queen-Sovereign of England follow her Huflmnd’s Condition, or is fubjeft, as other Queens, but is Sovereign to her own Huiband, as Queen Mary was to King Philip, unlefs it be otherwife mutually a- greed on in Parliament, as in the Cafe of the late King William and Queen Mary, of Glorious Memory. *' CHAP. 57 Jookll. of Great-Brit AIN. I CHAP. V. \0f the Sons and Daughters of England. T H E Children of the King of England are called the Sons and Daughters of England, becaufe all the Subjects of ! England have a fpecial Intereft in them. fljl&eff *3cm.] The Eldeji Son of the King was fometimet ! ftiled, in the Saxon Times, Clito, quafi JO.vloc, illufris: And fo i likewife Mtheling or Atheling, which is a Patronymic of the | Saxon Word Athel, Nobilis. As Eadgaring was the Son of Ead- I gar, fo Ethcling, the Son of a Nobleman, was afterwards ufed j only for the King’s Eldeji Son. He is born Duke of Cormual ; i and as to that Dutchy, and all the Lands, Honours, Rents, and | great Revenues belonging thereunto, he is upon his Birth-Day ; prefumed, and by Law taken, to be of full Age ; fo that he may that Day fue for the Livery of the faid Dukedom, and ought of Right to obtain the fame, as if he had been full 21 Years of Age. Afterwards he is created Prince of Wtiles whofe Inaiefiture was formerly performed by Impofition of a Cap of State and Coronet on his Head, as a Token of Principality, and putting into his Hand a Verge of Gold, the Emblem of Go¬ vernment, and a 'Ring of Gold on his Finger, to intimate that he mull be a Hulband to his Country, and Father of her Chil¬ dren. Alfo to him is given and granted Letters Patent to hold the faid Principality to him and his Heirs, Kings of England; by which Words the Separation of this Principality is for ever avoided: His Mantle which he wears in Parliament is once more doubled, or hath one Guard more than a Dube's; his Coronet is of Crojfes and Flower-de-luces, and his Cap of State Indented . Since the happy Reftauration of King Charles the Second, it was folemnly ordered, that the Son and Heir Apparent of the Crown of England ihall ufe and bear his Coronet of Crojfes and Flower-de-luces with one Arch, and in the Midft a Ball and Crofs, as hath the Royal Diadem. That the Duke of : Torb, and all the immediate Sons and Brothers of the Kings of England, ihall ufe and bear their Coronets compofed of Crojfes and Flower-de-luces only; but all their Sons re- fpeftively, having the Title of Dubes, ihall bear and ufe fuch Coronets as other Dubes who are not of the Royal Family. From the Day of his Birth he is commonly ililed The Prince of Wales, a Title iiril given by King Edward the Firft to his eldeft Son ; for the Weljh Nation, ’till that Time, unwilling to iuhmit to the Yoke of Strangers, that King fo ordered, that his. 58 Cfje pjefent State Part i, Queen was delivered of her firft Child in Caernarvon Cajile in Wales. The Prince hath ever fince been ftiled Prince of Wales, Duke of Aquitain and Cornwal, and Earl of Chefler and Flint ; which Earldoms are always conferred upon him by Tetters Patent. Since the Union of England and Scotland, his Title hath been Magna; Britannia Priuccps, but more ordinarily the Prince of Wales. The King of England's, eldeft Son (fo long as. Normandy remained in their Hands) was always ftiled Duke of Nor¬ mandy. Anciently the Arms of the Princes of Wales, whilft they were Sovereigns, bore quarterly. Gules and Or, four Lions paj- fant guar dan t countercbanged. The Arms of the Prince of Wales at this Day differ from thofe of the King only by Addition of a Label of three Points, charged with nine Forteaux j and the Device of the Prince is a Coronet beautified with three Ojlricb Feathers, infcribed with Ich Diett, which in the German Language ftgnifies, I feme. This Device was born at the Battle of Creffy, by John King of Bohemia, forming there under the French King, and there flain by Edward the Black Prince ; fince worn by the Princes of Wales, and by the Vulgar called the Prince's Arms. ©ignitiEF.] The Prince, in our Law, is reputed as the fame Perfon with the King, and fo declared by a Statute of Henry the Eighth. He hath certain Privileges above other Perfons. To imagine the Death of the Prince, or to violate the Wife of the Prince, is made High Freafon. He can retain and qualify as many Chaplains as he fhall pleafe. Yet, as the Prince in Nature is a diftindl Perfon from the King, fo in Law alfo, in fome Cafes, he is a Subjell, holdeth his Principalities and Seignories of the King, giveth the fame Refpedt to the King as other Subjefk do. SK.ebCHUfjS'.] The Revenues belonging to the Prince, fince much of the Lands and Demefnes in Comwal have been ali¬ enated, are efpecially out of the Fin Mines in that Dutchy, which with all other Profits thereof amount yearly to the Sum of 14,000 /. 2. The Revenue of the prefent Prince, as eftablifhed by Adi of Parliament, amounts to 100,000 /. per Annum, clear of all Deductions whatever. The Revenues of the Principality of Wales, Purveyed three hundred Years ago, was above 4,680 l. yearly ; a rich Eftate, according to the Value of Money in thofe Days. 'Till the Prince came to be fourteen Years old, all Things belonging to the Principality of Wales were wont to be difpofed of by Commiflioners, confining of l'ome principal Perfons of the. Clergy and Nobility. Fh [Book II. Of Great-Britain. 59 j&Cadets, or Young Children of the Royal [ Family. ; CaflCt#.] The Cadets, or young Sons of England, are | created (not torn) Duxes or Earls of England, of what Places ! or Titles the King pleafeth. They have no certain Appenages, as in France, but only what the good Pleafure of the King bellows upon them. All the King’s Sons are by their Birth Counfellors of State, that fo they may grow up in the weighty Affairs of the King¬ dom. The Daughters of England are ftiled Princeffes, the Eldeft of which to violate unmarried, is High-Trcafon at this Day. To all the King’s Children belong the Title of Royal High- nefs ; all Subjefts are to be uncovered in their Prefence ; to ineel when they are admitted to kifs their Hands; and at Table, they are, out of the King's Prefence, ferved on the Knee. The Children, the Brothers, and Sifters of the King, being Plaintiffs, the Summons in the Procefs need not have the So¬ lemnity of Fifteen Days, as in the Cafe of other Subjefls. All the Sons, Grandfons, Brothers, Uncles, and Nephews of the King are by St at. 3 Hen. VIII. to precede others in England. It is true, the Word Grand/on is not there in terminis, but its underltood, as Sir Edward Coke holds, by Nephew, which in Latin being Nepos, dignifies alfo and chiefly a Grandfon. The Natural or Illegitimate Sons and Daughters of the King bear what Sirname the King pleafeth to give them; and for Arms, the Arms of England, with a Bafton, or a Bordure Gar - imne, or fome Mark of Illegitimate, C H A P. 6o Clje Piefcnt State Parti, C H A P. VI. Of the feveral Atts of Succession, h wbitb the moft Serene Houfe of Hanover is called to the Succejfton of the Crown of Great-Britain, (Ac. U PON the Death of his Highnefs the Duke of Gloucefter , Anno 1700, his late MajeftyKine William having re¬ commended in his Speech to bpth Houles of Parliament the Succefiion to the Crown in the Proteftant Line, in cafe of the Death of his faid Majefty, after the Deceafe of her Royal S hnefs the Princefs Anne of Denmark without Iffue of their es j the Parliament thereupon, in the fame Seflion, pafs'd an Aft, Entituled, An All for the further Limitation of thi Crown, and letter fecuring the Rights and Liberties of the Sub¬ ject ; whereby it is Enadled, That the moft Excellent Princefs Sophia, EleSrefs and Dutch¬ efs Dowager of Hanover, Daughter to the moft Excellent Prin¬ cefs Elizabeth, Sftiecn of Bohemia, Eldeft Daughter of King James I. of happy Memory, he, and is hereby declared to be tin next in Succejfton in the Proteftant Line to the Imperial Cronin and Dignity of the Realms s/England, France Ireland, with the Dominions and Territories thereunto belonging, after his Ma¬ jefty, and the Princefs Anne of Denmark; and in Default of Iffue of his Majefty and the faid Princefs Anne refpeRively to the Crown and Regal Government of the faid Kingdoms ^Eng¬ land, France, and Ireland, lAc.Jkall be and remain, and con¬ tinue to the moft Excellent Princefs Sophia, and the Heirs of her Body, being Proteftants, Sec. Soon after his late Majelly’s Acceflion to the Throne, She was pleafed to order the Princefs Sophia to be prayed for in the Prayers of the Royal Family: And the more firmly to fecure the Succefiion in the Proteftant Line, did, in the Parliament holden in the Fourth and Fifth Years of her Reign, give the Royal AlTent to two farther Acts j viz. One, For Naturalizing the faid Princefs Sophia, and the IJfue of her Body : And the other. An Alt for the greater Security of her Majefty's Perfm and Government, and of the Succejfton of the Crown of England in the Proteftant Line. And by the Treaty of Union between the two Kingdoms, the Proteftant Succefiion in the moft Serene Houfe of Hanover, to the Imperial Crown of Great-Britain, &c. was made a Fun¬ damental fart of our prefent moft happy Conftitution. CHAP. [Book II. Of Great-Britain. : CHAP. VII. Of Ecclesiastical Government, T H E Government of England under the King, is Ecclefi- afical, Civil, and Military-, of which three great Heads of Government in their Order. The Chriftian Faith being preached in England, Biihops were confecrated, and the Number of them encreafed by Degrees in Proportion to the Growth of the Gofpel. They had, like all other Biihops of the Chriftian Church, a Pre-eminence over the Clergy within certain Precinfls, and in Procefs of Time their Seats were all placed in the molt oonfiderable Towns within their Jurifdiftion, purfuant to a Canon made for that Purpofe. Afterwards, the Biihops being neceffitated to meet about pub- lick Affairs of the Church, at Confecrations, Confultations for Remedy of general Diforders, for Audiences Judicial, when the Adtion of any Bilhop Ihould be called in Queftion, or Appeals from Biihops, our Anceftors (according to other Chri¬ ftian Churches, even before the firft Nicene Council) had one to be the Chief in Authority over the reft, from thence named Archiepifcopus, Arch, or Chief Bilhop ; whereof we have two in England, called Primates, Metropolitans, or Archhijhops ; that is, Chief-Bijhops, the one of Canterbury, the other of Tori; each of which have, befides their peculiar Diocefe, a Province confiding of feveral Diocefes; and by Grants of fe- veral Kings, they have each certain Privileges, Liberties, and Immunities in their own States. Under thefe two Archbilhops are 24 Bilhopricks, whereof z« are reckon’d in the Province of Canterbury, and three in the Province of Tori, befides the Bilhoprick of ho dor and Man; all which have the Title of Lords, by reafon of their Baronies an¬ nexed to the Bilhopricks j and have Precedence immediately af¬ ter Vifcounts, hoth in Parliament, and in other Affemblies. _ The FunBion of an Englifh Bilhop confifts in what he may aft, either by his Epifcopal Order, or by his Epifcopal JurifdiBion. By his Epifcopal Order he may Ordain Deacons and Priefis ; he may dedicate Churches and Burial-places ; may adminitter the Rites and Ceremonies of Confirmation ; and without a Bilhop none of thefe may be done. Of which Offices the Power of Ordination has been ever fince the Apoftle’s Times underftood to be infeparable from the Office of a Bilhop. The JurifdiBion of a Bilhop is either Ordinary or Delegated j his Ordinary JurifdiBion is what by the Law of the Land be¬ longs to each Bilhop in his own Diocefe; the Delegated, is what 62 Cfje l&efettt State Parti, what the King is pleated to confer upon him, not as a Bilhop, but as he is a Subjeft, and a considerable Member of the Kingdom. In the Ordinary Jurifdiltion of a Bilhop, as a Bifhop, may be confidered either the Jurifdiftion itfelf, or what is inflated in him by the Law of the Land, for the better Execution of that Jurifdiflion. The Jurifdiflion it felf is eftablifhed partly by Statute Law, as to Licenfe Phyficians, Surgeons, and School-Majlers, to unite and . confolidate fmall Parijbes, [ N. B. That iso Bifhop a England has this laji Power noun but the Bifhop of Norwich, and that only within a certain Dijlance ; and he alone has fuel a Power, by Virtue of which an Incumbent can take a third Lin¬ ing by an Arcbiepifcopal, or Royal Difpenfation; otherassife in ani other Diocefe, he that has t-vso Biasings, cum Cura Animarum, ii a Pluralifi, by a Statute of 21 Hen. VIII.] to aflift the Ciaiil Magiflrates in Execution of fome Statutes concerning Ecchft- aflical Affairs; to compel the Payment of Tenths and Subfs- dies due from the Clergy formerly to the Crown, now given for die Augmentation of lmalier Benefices : Partly by Common Law, as upon the King’s Writ, to certify the Judges touching Legitimate and Illegitimate Births and Marriages: And partly by Common and Ecclefiafiical Laois together-, a! to caufe Wills of the Deceafed to be proved; to grant M- minijlration of Goods to fuch as die inteftate ; to give Order for the gathering and preferving of peri/hable Goods, where none is willing to adminifter; to caufe Account to be given 0! Adminif rations ; to collate Benefices; to grant Inftitutions to Benefices upon Prefentations of other Patrons; to command Indudlion to be given; to order the collefting and preferr¬ ing the Profits of vacant Benefices for the Ufe of the Succeffors ; to defend the Franchifes and Liberties of the Church ; to vifit their particular Diocefe once in three Years, and therein to enquire of the Manners, Carriage, Delinquen¬ cies of Minifters, of Church-Wardens, of the reft of the Parilhioners, and amongft them, efpecially of thofe that pro- fefs themfelves Phyficians, Surgeons, School-Mafters, Mid¬ wives ; of Wardens of Hofpitals, how they perform their fe- veral Duties and Trufts; alfo of all other profefiing Chrifti- anity, and offending either againft Piety, as by Blafphemy, Idolatry, Superftition, Perjury, Herefy, Errors againft the Thirty-nine Articles, Schifm, Conventicles, Abfence from Divine Service, .unlawful Abfence from the Sacraments, Dila¬ pidations of Buildings or Goods belonging to the Church, Simony, S’ c. or by offending againft Sobriety, as by Drun¬ kenness, Inceft,. Adultery, Fornication, filthy Speech, tempt¬ ing of any one’s Chaftity, Clandeftine Marriages, as for want of thrice publilhing the Banns, the Want of Parents Con- Book II. Of Great-Britain. 63 fent, the Want of Witnelfes, which muft be above two, or marrying in a private Place, in an undue Time, before, Eight in the Morning, and after Twelve of the Clock in the Day. 31rct)4£5i(l)0psi. ] There are two Archiepifcopal Sees in England, Canterbury and York, to which all the Bifiiopricks in England and Wales are fubjeft. Both were founded in the Saxon Times in the Metropolis of the fcveral Kingdoms ; Canterbury in the Head City of Kent, and York in the Capital of the Kingdom of the Northumbrians. The Rights, Powers, and Privileges are now diftindtly known, and the See of Can¬ terbury has the undifputed Pre eminence, which was long dif- puted by the Archbilhops of York. Canterbury.] Giraldus Camlrenfts writes. That the Arch- bilhop of Canterbury anciently had Primacy as well over all Ireland as England, and the Irijh Bifhops received their Confecrations from him ; for Ireland had no other Arch- bilhop until the Year ii{*. He was therefore fometimes called Alterius orbis Papa, & orbis Britannici Pontifex : He was fo highly refpefled Abroad, that in General Councils he was placed before all other Archbilhops, at the Pope’s Right- Foot. He was at Home fo highly honoured by the King of England, that he was accounted the fecond Perfon in the Kingdom, and named and ranked even before the Princes of the Blood. He is Primus Par Regni, the firft Peer of England, and next to the Royal Family, to procede not only all Dukes, but all the Great Officers of the Crown. He is ftiled Primate of all England, and Metropolitan. At the folemn Coronation of King Charles II. it was ex¬ prefly ordered, in doing Homage to the King, that according to ancient Cuftom, the Archbilhops and Bilhops Ihould precede even the Duke of York, and all the Lay-Lords.' He is ftiled by the King, in his Writs direftcd to him, Dei Gratia Archiepijcopus Cantuarienfis, and writes himfelf Di-vina h ovidentia ; whereas other Bifhops write Divina PcrmiJJtone. To Crown the King belongs to him ; and it hath been re- folved, that wherefoever the Court lhall happen to be, the King and Queen are Speciales domejiici Parochiani Domini Arch. Cant. The Bilhop of London is his Provincial Dean, the Bifhop of Wincbejier his Sub-Dean, the Bifhop of Lincoln his Chancellor, and the Bilhop of Rocbejler his Chaplain. In writing and fpeaking to him is given the Title of Grace, as is to all Dukes, and Mojl Reverend Father in God. He hath by Common Law within his own Province, the Power, of Probate of all Teftaments, and granting Letters of Adminijiration, where the Party dying had Bona Notabilia, that l S ’ j' 6 ^ 0UIK * S worth or above, out of the Diocefe wherein he died: or ten Pounds worth within the Diocefe of London ; 64 Cfie patent ®tate Pawl, or if the Party dying be a Bilhop, though he hath no Goads out of the Diocefe where he died : Alfo to grant Adminiftration of the Goods and Chattels of all fuch as die inteftate without his Province. ' By Stat. 25 Hen. VIII. he hath the Honour and Power to grant Licences and Difpenfations in all Cafes heretofore fued for in the Court of Rome, not repugnant to the Law of God, or the King’s Prerogative ; as to allow a Clerk to hold a Be- fice in Commendam or Trufi ; to allow a Son, contrary to the Canons, to fucceed his Father immediately in a Benefice; to allow a Clerk rightly qualified to hold two Benefices with Cure of Souls; to difpenfe with Irregularity contracted with¬ out a Man’s own Default, as by DefeCt of Body or Birth, or by accidental killing of a Man, &c. to take off the Guilt of Simony ; to allow a beneficed Clerk, for certain Caufes, to be Non-refident for fome Time; to conftitute Publick Nota¬ ries, whqfe finglc Teltimony is as good as the Teftimohics of any two other Perfons. All which aforementioned Licences, Difpenfations, IA c. thefaid Archbifhop grants by himfelf, or by his Deputy, called the Majler of Faculties, in all his Majefty’s Dominions, except Scotland and Ireland . He hath alfo the Power to grant Literas tuitorias, whereby any one that brings his Appeal, may profecute the fame without any Moleftation ; to bellow one Dignity, Prebend, or Living, in any Diocefe within his Province, otherwife in the Gift of the Bilhop there¬ of, which-foever he lhall choofe; which is therefore called the Archbilhop’s Option, upon every Creation there of a new Bilhop. He hath a Prerogative to confecrate a Bilhop (though it mud be done in the Prefence, and with the Afliltance of two other Bilhops); to call Provincial Synods according to the King’s Writ always direfted to him; to be Prefident of thofe Synods or Convocations; to vifit the whole Province ; to appoint a Guar¬ dian of the Spiritualities during the Vacancy of any Bilhoprick within his Province, whereby all the Epifcopal Rights of that Diocefe belong to him, and all Ecclefiallical Jurifdidlions, as Vifitations, Ir.ftitutions, fcfr. TheArchbilhopmay retain andqualify eight Chaplains, which is two more than any Duke by Statute is allowed to do. The Archbilhop of Canterbury hath moreover the Power to hold diverfe Courts of Judicature for deciding of Differences in Ecclefiallical Affairs; as his Court of Arches, his Court of Audience, his Prerogative Court , and his Court of Peculiars; all which lhall be handled particularly. Thefe and other Prerogatives and Privileges, the Wifdom of our firft Reformers thought fit to be retained, and ad¬ ded to the chief Perfon (under the King) of the Church of England, ISoffcO Book'll. of G REA T-B RI T AI N. 6$ S ,] The next Perfon in the Church of England, is the iop of York, who was anciently alfo of very high Re¬ pute in this Nation, and has under his Province feveral Bi- ihopricks in the North of England, and the Bifhoprick of So- ‘ dor and Man. He hath kill the Place and Precedence of all Dukes not of the Royal Blood, and of all great Officers of State, except only the Lord Chancellor; hath the Title of Grace, and Moft Reve¬ rend Father in God ; hath the Honour to crown the Queen- Confort, and to be her perpetual Chaplain. He is alfo Ailed Primate of England, and Metropolitan, and hath under him the Bilhopricks of York, Durham, Carli/le, Chefler, and that of So dor and Man ; only Durham hath a pe-. culiar Jurifdidion, and in many Things is wholly exempted from the Jurifdiction of the Archbilhop. He had the Rights of a Count Palatine over Hexamfhire in Northumberland; may qualify alfo eight Chaplains, and hath within his Province diverfe others of the ’fore-mentioned Pre¬ rogatives and Priveleges, which the Archbilhop of Canterbu¬ ry hath within his own Province. 33i(!)OJl0.] The next in Place among the Clergy of Eng¬ land, are the Bilhops, fo call’d frofi the Saxon Word Bifcop, and that from the Greek, 'Enuruomt, which properly dignifies an Overfeer. All the Bilhops of England are Barons and Peers of the Realm; they are Barons by a three-fold Manner (which cannot be faid of the Lay-Lords) they are Feudal, in regard of Lands and Ba. ronies annexed to their Bifliopricks; they are Barons by Writ, being fummoned by the King’s Writ to Parliament; and they are created Barons by Patent, which by their Confecration is always exhibited to the Archbilhop. They have the Prece¬ dence of all Temporal Barons under Vifcounts: In Parlia¬ ment have Place in the Upper Hottfe in a double Capacity,' not only as Barons, but as Bilhops; they have the Title of Lords, and Right Reverend Fathers in God. All Bilhops in England have one or two tranfcendent Privi¬ leges, which feem almoft Regal j as in their own Court to judge and pafs Sentence alone by tnemfelves, without any Colleague or AlTelTor; which is not done in. other of the King’s Courts; for the Bilhops Courts (though held by the King’s Authority, Virtute Magiftratus fui, and though all Jurifdi&ion in England is infeparably annexed to the Crown, yet) are not accounted to be properly the King’s Courts, and therefore the Bilhops lent out Writs in their own Names, Tejle the Bilhop, and not in the King’s Name, as all the King's Courts, properly fo called, do. Moreover, Bilhops have- this other tranfcendent Privilege, to depute their Authority to another, as the King doth, either to tlteir Bi/hops Suffagrans, to their Chancellors, to their Com- F mijfaries, 66 €fje piefent ©tate Part I. miffaries, or other Officers, which none of the King’s Judges may do. All Bifhops have one Privilege above and beyond all Lay Lords ; viz. That in whatfoever Chriftian Prince’s Dominions they come, their Epifcopal Dignity and Degree is acknow¬ ledged ; and they may, quatenus Bt/hops, confer Orders, &c. Whereas no Lay-Baron, Vifcount, Marquis, nor Duke, is in Law acknowledged fuch out of the Dominions of the Prince who conferred thofe Honours. Upon fevere Penalty, by our Laws, no Man may.raife Re¬ ports, whereby Scandal may arife to the Perfon of any Bifhop, or Debate and Difcord between them and the Commons of England. In Civil Trials, where any Bifhop is Plaintiff or Defendant, the Bifhop may, as well as any Lay-Lord, challenge the Array, if one Knight at leaf! be not returned, of the Jury, and it fhall be allowed unto hint as a Privilege due to his Peerage. Since the Reformation, the Englijh Proteftant Bifhops have been fo conflantly loyal and true to the Crown, and fo free from all Capital Crimes, that there is yet no Precedent in England, unlefs we reckon Archbifhop Laud’s Cafe ; to : be fo, for their Manner of Trial for Life.. Primo Eliz. Chap. 2. it is exprefly declared, That all Lords of Parliament (without any Exception of Lords Spiritual) fhould be tried in that Particular by their Peers. The Bifhops of England enjoy at this Day many other Privi¬ leges, as, Freedom from Arrcfts, Outlawries, Diftrefs per Equi- taturam, or a. Journey. Every Bifhop may, by Statute Law, qualify as many Chap¬ lains as a Duke; viz. Six. The Law of England attributeth fo very much to a Bijhop, that not only in the Trial of Bajlardy, the Bifhop’s Certificate fhall fuffice, but alfo in the Trial of Herefy, which touches a Man’s Life ; and made the Offences of Parricide and Epifcopa- cide equal; viz. Petit-Treafon. Next to the two Archbifhops of England, the Bilhop of Lon¬ don amongft all the Eifnops hath the Pre-emmence. Epifcopus Lmdiuenfs (faith an ancient Record) fpeciali quandam dignitatt ceteris anteponendus, quia ecclefies Qantuarienfes Decanus ejl Pro- vincialis. Being Bifhop over the Imperial and Capital City of England, it'is by a Statute of later Times exprefly provided, that he fhould have the Preference and Precedence of all the Bifhops of England. Next anongft thofe of the Epifcopal College, is the Bifhop of Durham, within die Province of York, who hath been a Count Palatine fix or feven hundred Years: Wherefore the Common Seal of the Bifhoprick hath been a lone Time an Armed .... Knight Bookil. of Great-Britain. 67 Knight holding in one Hand a naked Sword, and in the other a Church. He hath, alfo at this Day' the Earldom of Sadberg, annexed tong ago to the Bilhoprick by the King. In the fifth Place,' by Virtue of the forementioned Statute, is the Bilhop of Winchcfier, reputed anciently Earl of Southamp¬ ton, arid fo Hik'd in the Statutes of the Honourable Order of the Garter, by Henry VIII. .though foon after that Earldom was otherwife difpofed of. He is Sub-Dean of the Province of Canterbury, and in the Vacancy of the See of London, executes the Archbilhop’f Mandates for ,Convocation, lAc. which Office belongs to the Bilhop of Lincoln, as Chancellor of the Province, in the' Vacancy of both thofe. other Sees of London and Win- chef, eri" ' ' .. After thefe five aforenamed, all. the other Bilhops take Place according to the Seniority of their Confecration, . Next follow Sujfragan-Bi/hops, Deans, Arch-deacons, Preben¬ daries, ReBors, seadFicars ; to whom belong diyerfe confider- able Privileges'. For Paling the Bilhop of fome Part of his Burden, as the Number of. Chriflians waxed great, of the Diocefe was large, there was ordained, in the Primitive Times, Chorepifcopi, Suf¬ fragans, 1 or Sitbfidiary Bifop's. '• . Sujfrdgan-Bijhops, by an Ad. of Parliament pf Henry VIII. Hill iii Force, are to ,be only of .thefe Towns following : The Stffragan-Bijbop for ^he Diocefe of Canterbury mull be at Dover only for York, at Nottingham and’ Hull-, for London, at Cofchefler ; for Durham, at Berwick; for Winchcfier, at Guil¬ ford, Southampton, and in the Jfic of Wight; fop Lincoln, at Bed¬ ford, Leicefter, Grantham , and Huntingdon ; ■ for .Norwich, at Thftford and Ipfwich ; {or Sa/ijbury, at Shaft/bury, Melton and. Marlborough; for BathendWells, at Taunton-, lot Hereford, at Bridgenortb j'fo'r Coventry and Lichfield, at Shreiijbury ; for Ely, at Cambridge ; for Exeter, at St. Germans ; for Carlijle, at Pen¬ rith. Thcic only to be the Secs of Bijhops-Stffragans, and no more Suffragans allowed than fo many to each Diocefe as above-mentioned. In publick Alfemblies they were to take Place next after the Temporal Peers of the Realm. In every Cathedral-Church in England there are a certain Number'of Prebendaries, as Canons, and over them a Dean, in I.atin Decanus, from tAr.a. ; becaufe anciently fet over ten Ca¬ nons at the leaft; who is fometimes fliled Alter Epifcopi Oculns (the other being the Arch-deacon, who, tho’ a Prejbytcr hini- fielf, is'fo named, for his Charge over the Deacons) who are to be guided and direfled by him under the Bilhop. 5beail and Chapter.] The Dean and fome of the Prebends are, upon the' Bilhop’s Summons) to affilt him in Ordinations, in Deprivations ab Officio Bcneficio, in ConJimnations of ob- F 2 llinate 68 C(jep?efent State Parti. ftinate Hereticks, in the great Excommunications, and in fuch like weighty Affairs in the Church. Deans of the old Foundations, founded before the Sup- prefiion of Monafteries, are brought to their Dignities much like Bilhops; the King firft fending forth his Letter MiJJime to the Chapter; they elcfling, and the King granting his Royal Affent, the Bifliop confirms him, and gives his Mandate to inftal him. Deans of the new Foundations (upon Suppreflion of Abbies, or Priories, transformed by Henry VIII. into Dean and Chap¬ ter) are by a fhorter Courfe inflalled by Virtue of the King’s Lettcrs-Patents, without either Eleflion or Confirmation. In mod of the old Foundations the Prebendaries are of two Sorts; fome are Canons, or Refidentiaries, who, with their own Dean, make. one Body, or College, or- Corporation: Thefe are what they call the lefler Chapter ; and fome are Minor Prebendaries, who have each his own feparate Eflate, or Corpfe: They are not obliged to Refidence, only to preach upon certain Days; they have a Stall in the Choir, but no Vote in the leffer Chapter, the greater Chapter being made up of all the Prebendaries of all Sorts. Nate, That the Canons in thefe old Foundations cannot regularly be made fo, unlefs they are firft Miner Prebendaries. A Prebend is properly the Portion which every Prebendary of a Collegiate of Cathedral Church receiveth in the Right of his Place for his Maintenance, quafifars milfortio prasbenda. 3lrcijDeaCOn0.] Next in the Government of the Englijh Church may be reckoned Archdeacons, whereof there are fixty in all England: Their Office is to vifit two Years in three, and to enquire into Reparations and Moveables belonging to Churches, to reform Abufes in Ecdefiaftical Matters, and to bring the more weighty Affairs before the Bifhop of the Dio- cefe: Moreover, the Office of an Archdeacon is, upon the Bifhop’s Mandate, to induft Clerks into their Benefices, and thereby to give them PofTeffion of all the Profits belonging thereto. Many Archdeacons, and fome Prebendaries, in old Founda¬ tions, have by Prescriptions their Courts and Officials as Bi/hops have: Whereof more hereafter. v Iftural^cane.] After the Archdeacons are the Archiprejby - ters, or Rural Deans, fo called perhaps at firft for their Over¬ fight of ten Parifh-Priefts, but now feldom created or ufed. or JRcttO?®] Next are to be confidered the Priefts of every particular Parilh, who are commonly called the Reiiors, unlefs the Predial Tithes are impropriated, and then they are Ailed Vicars, quaji mice fungentes ReSorum. Their Office is to take Care of all the Parilhioners Souls; to ehaftife BookII. Of Great-Britain. 69 the Ignorant, reduce the Straying, confirm the Wavering, convince the Obftinate, reprehend the Wicked, confute Schifi-, maticks, reconcile Differences among Neighbours; to read’ duly Divine Service; to adminifter the Holy Sacraments, and to Preach, if the Bifhop fhall think fit; to Vifit the Sick; to Marry; to Bury; to render publick Thanks after Child-bearing; to keep a Regifter of all the Marriages, Chriftenings, and Burials that fhall happen within the Parifh. Laftly, Deacons, whofe Office was to take Care of the Poor, is now to Baptize, read in the Church, affift the Prieft at the Lord’s Supper, by giving the Cup only, Isc. In England are two Archbijhops, twenty-four Bijhops, no Suffragan Bijhops at prefent, twenty-fix Deans of Cathedral and Collegiate Churches, fixty Archdeacons, 544 Prebendaries, many Rural-Deans, and about 9,700 Retlors and Vicars, befides Cu¬ rates, who, for certain Stipends, affift fuch ReSors and Vicars that have the Care of more Churches than one. Note, That although the Gift of the higher Dignities of the Church of England, as Bijhopricks and molt Deaneries, are only in the King, in whom is alio the Donation of molt of the belt Prebends and Canonicates, and of feveral great, and very many fmall Parfonagcs and Vicarages, which are under the Vifitation of the Bijhops and Archbijhops; yet there are fome Donatives and Free-Chapels which are fubjeft to the Vifitation only of the Lord Chancellor, and wholly exempted from the Jurifdidtion of any Bijhop. Next are the Church-Wardens, whofe Office is to fee that the Church be in good Repair, fitly adorned, and nothing want¬ ing for Divine Service, Sacrament and Sermons j that the Church-yard be fufficiently bounded or enclofed; that there be an exaft Terrier of the Glebe-Land ; to enquire after, to admonilh and to prefent to the Bilhop fcandalous Livers ; to colled! the Charity of Parilhioners; to declare and to execute the Orders of the Bijhop. The Church-Wardens are eledted eve¬ ry Eafier-Week, ufually by the Parfon and Parilhioners, if they fo agree j if not, then one by the Parfon, and the other by the Parilhioners. There are alfo in greater Parilhes joined with the Church- Wardens, refits Synodales, anciently called Synods-Men, now corruptly Sides-Men, who are to affift the Church-Wardens in Enquiries into the Manner of inordinate Livers, and in pre- fenting Offenders at Vifitations. Laftly, the Sacrifian,' corruptly called the Sexton, or Clerk, who is ordinarily to be chofen by the Parfon only; he ought to be twenty Years old, or above, of good Life, that can read, write, and fing: His Office is to ferve at Church the Priefi, Curate, and Church-Wardens. F j Note, 70 C6e p^fettt State, Part i. ■ Note, Where the Office of the Clerk and Sexton are diftinft, the Minilter choofes the former, the People the latter. CHAP. vm. Of Ecclesiastical Courts of England and jirft of the Convocation. F O R the Church’s Legijlative Power, or the making of Ec- clejiajlical Laws, and confulting for the more weighty Af¬ fairs of the. Church, the King, by the Advice of his Privy- Council, as often as he calls a Parliament, convokes a Na¬ tional Synod, commonly called the Convocation ; which is fum- moned in Manner following: ' The King direfteth his Writ to the Archbilhop of each Pro¬ vince, requiring him to fummon all Bijhops, Deans, Archdeacons, Cathedral and Collegiate Churches, &c. according to their belt Difcretion and Judgment, affigning them the Time and Place in the faid Writ-,; whereupon the Archbilhop of Canterbury direfts his Mandate to the Bilhop of London, as his Dean-Pro¬ vincial ; firlt citing, him peremptorily, and then willing him in like Manner to cite all the Bijhops, Deans, Arch-deacons, Cathe¬ dral and Collegiate Churches, and all the Clergy of his Province, to fuch a .Place and fuch a Day prefixed in the Writ; but direfting withal, that one ProBor font for each Cathedral a/id Collegiate Church, and two for the Body of the Inferior Clergy of each Diocefe, may fuffice. The Bilhop of London accord¬ ingly direfts his Letters to the Bilhop of every Diocefe of the Province, citing them in like Manner to appear, and to ad- monilh the Deans and Archdeacons to appear perfonalty, and the Cathedrals, Collegiate Churches, and Inferior Clergy of the Diocefe, to fend their ProBors to the Place, and at the Day appointed ; to certify alfo to the Archbilhop the Names of all fo fummoned by them. The Place where the Convocation of the Clergy in the Pro¬ vince of Canterbury hath ufua'lly been held, is St. Paul's Church in London, from, whence they are, by the Archbilhop, pro¬ rogued or adjourned to Wejhninjlcr, where the Bilhops alfem- bled in the Chapel of Henry VII. and the lower Houfe in the Jerufalem-Chamber. [They have of late been adjourned to the Chapter-Houfe in St. PauT s Church-Yard ; but I think they have not been allowed-to fit and do Bufinefs above once fmee the Reign of Queen Anne ; fo that this Part of our Conffitution- Is in a manner loll.] \ .The Higher Houfe of Convocation, in the Province of Canter¬ bury, confilfs of 22 Billiops, whereof the Archbilhop. is Prefi- dent, fitting in a Chair at the upper End of a great Table, and the Bilhops cn each Side, of the fame Table, all at the Book II. of Grhat-Britain. 71 Opening of a Convocation, in their fcarlet Robes and Hoods, the Archbifhop’s Hood furr’d with Emin, the Bifliops with Minever, The Lower Houfe confifts of all the Deans, Archdeacons, one Proftor for every Chapter, and two Proftors for all the Clergy of each Diocefe, in all 166 Perfons, -viz. 22 Deans, 24 Prebendaries, 54 Archdeacons, and 44 Clerks, rcprefent- ing the Diocefan Clergy. The firft Day, both Houfes being affembled, the Archbilhop prefides at the Head of the Clergy of his Province ; and the Lower Clergy being required by the moll- Reverend, choofe them a Prolocutor, or Speaker; which done, they prefent him to the Upper Houfe by one or two of the Members, whereof one makes a Speech in Latin, and then the eledled Perfon makes another Speech in Latin. Laftly, the Archbilhop an- fwers it in the fame Language, and with the Confcnt of the Bifliops, approves of the Perfon. The major Vote in each Houfe prevails. All the Members of both Houfes of Convocation have the fame Privileges for themfelves and menial Servants as the Members of Parliament have, and that by Statute. The Archbilhop of York at the fame Time may hold at York a Convocation of all his Province in like Manner; and, by con- ftant Correfpondence, debate and conclude of the fame Mat¬ ters as are debated and concluded by the Provincial Synod of Canterbury : But the Northern Province is by no means ty’d down by what the Southern Province does; nor are they ob¬ liged to debate upon any thing but what the Southern Province has before determined. All Suffragaii-Bijbops and Deans, Archdeacons, Prebendaries, ReSors, and Vicars, have Privileges, fome by themfelves, others by Proxy, or by Reprefentatives, to fit and vote in the Lower Houfe of Convocation. Court e/D elegates. F O R Civil Affairs, that concern the Church, the higheft Court is now the Court of Delegates', for the Jurifdiflion whereof it was provided, 25 Henry VIII. That it fhall be lawful for any Subjedt of England, in cafe of Defedt of Ju- ftice in the Courts of the Archbilhop of Canterbury, to appeal to the King’s Majefty in his Courts of Chancery ; and that up¬ on fuch Appeal, a Commiflion under the Great-Seal fliall be directed to.certain Perfons particularly defign’d for that Bufi- nefs; fo -that from the higheft Court of the Archbilhop' of Canterbury there lies an Appeal to this Court of Delegates ; and beyond this to none other, except to the Houfe of Lords. F 4 To 72 c&e PiCfettt State Part I. To this Court belongs a Handing Regifler, and the Court ij kept in the Common Hall, in the Afternoon, the next Day after the Prerogative. The Citations and Decrees here run in the King’s Name. From this Court lies no Appeal in the common Courfe : But the King, of his meer Prerogative Royal, may, and many times doth, grant a Commijjion of Review under the Broad-Seal. In this College alfo ufually refides the Vicar-General belong¬ ing to the Archbifhop of Canterbury ; who, as he is a Primate, hath the Guardianfhip of the Spiritualities of every Bilhop within his Province, during the Vacancy, and executes all Epifcopal Power and Jurifdiftion by his Vicar-General. The Archbilhop of York hath the like Power in his Province, Note, That either of the Archbifhops, and every Bifhop, Archdeacon, and Dean and Chapter throughout both Provinces of Canterbury and York, hath a particular Eccleftaflical Jurif- diftion, and an EccJefiaflical Court thereto belonging, where¬ of there is a Judge, which, for the moll Part, is one of the Doflors of the Civil-Law, alfo a Regiller and Proflors exer- cent in the fame; and that before the Vicar-General and Chancellors of the Bifhops are triable all Eccleiiaftical Caufes within their refpeftive Diccefes, except Letters of Requeft be granted by the Diocefan-Bifhop, or Ordinary of the Place, to the Party, to fue in the Court of Arches, which is ordinary. Note alfo. That the Vicar-Generals and Chancellors are ap¬ pointed by the refpedtive Archbilhops and Bifhops, by Letters Patents under their Seal, and confirmed by the Dean and Chapter of the refpeftive Cathedrals. In like manner, Note, That every Vice-Admiral hath the Power of keeping Courts within his Jurifdiftion, touching fuch Affairs as belong to the fame. Note, That the Civil-Law Terms begin and end not much different from the Terms at Wefiminjier, and in every Term there are fcveral Court-Days in every of thefe Courts, which for the moll part are fixed and known by the preceding Holy- days, Saints-days, and the rejl are appointed ad arbitrium Judicis. Next to the Court of Delegates are the Courts of the Arch- bifhop of Canterbury, where any Eccleftaflical Suits between, any Pcrfons within his Province, may (waving all inferior Courts) be decided. Court- of Arches. A Mengit them, the higheft Court is the Court of Arches, fo called from the Arched Church and Tower of St. Mary- le-Bow in London, where this Court was wont to be held ; the Judge .Book II. oT'Great-Bflitain. 73 Judge whereof is called Dean of the Arches, having JurifdiSi- on over a Deanery confiding of 13 Parities within London, exempt from the Jurifdi&ion of the Bilhop of London.- Hi¬ ther are directed the Appeals in Ecclefiaftical Matters within the Province of Canterbury. To this Court belongs diverfe Advocates, all Doftors of the Civil-Law, 2 Regifters, and 34 Proftors. The Judge of. this Court fitteth alone, without any Afleffors; and heareth and determined all Caufes, without any Jury of 12 Men, as is neceffary in Common-Law Courts. To this Court belonged an A 8 uary,zRegfter, and a Beadle. The Office of the ARuary is to attend the Court, fet down the Judge’s Decrees, regifter the Afts of the Court, and fend them in Books to the Regiftry. The Office of the Regifter of the Court is by himfelf, or Deputy, to attend the Court, receive all Libels, or Bills, Alle¬ gations and Exhibits of Witneffes, file all Sentences, and keep de Records of de Court. The Beadle attends the Court, carried a Mace before de Judge, and calls the Perfons cited to appear. Thofe that are allowed to be Advocates, and plead in this Court, are all to be Doftors of the Civil-Law in one of the Univerfities of England ; who, upon their Petition to deArch- bilhop of Canterbury, and his Fiat obtained, are admitted by the Judge of this Court, upon condition not to Praftife for one whole Year after fuch Admittance. The Manner of their Admittance is thus: The two Senior Advocates in their Scarlet Robes, wid the Mace before them, conduit him up to the Court with three low Reverences, and prefent him wid a ihort Latin Speech, and the Refcript of de Archbiffiop; then the Oaths of Allegiance, Supremacy, and fome other preferibed in the Statute of the Arches, being taken, he is admitted by the Judges, and a Place and Seat in the Court affigned unto him, either a dextris, or Jiniflris, which he is al¬ ways to keep when he pleads. The Judge and all de Advocates in dis Court always wear their Scarlet Robes, with Hoods lined with Taffety, if they be of Oxford, or white Miniver Fur, if of Cambridge, and all¬ round black Velvet Caps; and the Proftors wear, or ought to wear, Hoods lined with Lamb-Skin, if not Graduates; but if Graduates, Hoods proper to the Degree. According to the Statutes of this Court, all Arguments made by Advocates, and all Petitions made by the Prodtors, are to be in de Latin Tongue. All Procefs of this Court runs in the Name of the Judge, thus, L. L. D. Alma Curia Cant, de Arcubus Loud. Ofjicialis Principalis, and returnable before him, heretofore in Bow Church, now in de Common-Hall at Doftors-Cummons. Ths 74 Picfcnt State Part i. The Places and Offices belonging to this Court are all in the Gift of the Archbilhop of Canterbury, whofe Court it is. Court of Audience. T HE Court of Audience is wherever the Archbilhop avocattt a Caufe to his own Hearing, and meddleth with any Dif¬ ference between Parties concerning Elections and Confecratim of Bilhops, Admiffion and Inllitution into Benefices, difpenfing with Banns of Matrimony, &C. Prerogative Court. H E next Court is called the Prerogative Court, which judg- eth Eftates fallen by Will, or by Intellates; fo called, be- caufe the Archbilhop, Jure Prerogative fua, hath this Power throughout his whole Province, where the Party at the Time throughout his whole of Death had 5 1 . or above in feveral Diocefes: And thefe Courts hath alfo the Archbilhop of Tori. ■ The Judge of this Court’s Title, is Curie Prerogative Cost. Magifter, Cujios, Jive ComthiJJarius. All Citations and Decrees run in the Name of the Arch- bilhop. This Court is kept in the fame Common-Hall in the After¬ noon, next Day after the. Arches, and was heretofore held in the Confiftory of St. Paul’s. , The Judge is attended by the Regiller and his Deputy, who lets.down the Decrees and Afts of the Court, and keeps the Records; all original Wills and Teltaments of Parties dying, having Bona Notabilia, Sec. The Place is commonly called the Prerogative-Office, now kept in Doftors-Cominons near St. Pash Church-yard; where, for a moderate Fee, one may fearchfor, and have a Copy of any fuch Tellament made fince the Rebel¬ lion of if at Tyler and Jack Strain, by whom many Records and Writings in feveral Places of London were then burnt and deliroyed. Under the Regiller are fix Clerks, Severally appoint¬ ed for fuch and fuch refpeftive Counties. The Places belonging to : this Court are likewife in the Gift of the Archbilhop of Canterbury. Court of Peculiars. T Aftly,-the Court of Peculiars, which dealeth in certain Pit' JLrf. riftes lying in feveral.Diocefes, and exempt from the Ju- rifdi£lion..of the Bilhops of tliofe Diocefts, and are peculiar Book II. Of Gre at-B r itain. 75 ly belonging to the Archbifhop of Ccmterbuty, in whpfe Pro. vince there are 57 fuch Peculiars. ' . Bis ho p’s- Court. B Efides thefe Courts, ferving for the whole Province, ever/ Bilhop hath his Court held in the Cathedral of his Dio- cefe, over which he hath a Chancellor,- termed anciently Ec- ckfiajiicus, & Epifcopi Ecdictts, the Church-Lawyer, who be¬ ing (killed in Civil and Canon-Lavs, fits there as a Judge ; and if his Diocefe. be large, he hath in fome more remote Place a Commiffary, whofe Authority is only in fome certain Place of the Diocefe, and fome certain Caufes limited to him by the Bifiop in his CommiJJion ; and thefe are called Confifiory- Ceitris. ; Archdeacon’s Court. M Oreover, the Archdeacon hath his.Court and Jurifdiftion, where fmaller Differences arifing within his Limits are pleaded. Alfo the Dean and Chapter have a Court, and take Cognizance of Caufes happening in Places belonging to the Cathedral. Laftly, There are certain Peculiar JurifdiSions belonging to fome certain Parijhes, efpecially in fome Prebendal-Churches, where the Corpfes -of fome Prebends in old Foundations are fituated, the Inhabitants whereof are exempt fometimes from the Archdeacon’s Jurifdiftion, and fometimes from the Bi- (hop’s, are fubjefted to their refpeftive Prebendaries. Causes belonging to Ecclefiaftical Courts. C Aufes belonging to Ecclefiafiical Courts, are Blafphemy, A* ■pofiacy from Christianity, Herej/y,' Scbifm, [As to Herefy and Schifm, they have not "been permitted to take Cognizance 1 of thefe Matters for many Years.] Ordinations, hftitution of \ Chrks to Benefices, Celebration of Divine Services, Rights of Ma- j trimouy, Divorces, General Bafiardy, Tythes, Oblations, Obventi- I OHS, Mortuaries, Dilapidations, Reparation of Churches, Probate | of Wills, Adminifiratioh, Simony, Incefi, Fornication, Adulteries, Sollicitaticns of Cbadity, Penfions, Procurations, &c. The Cog¬ nizance whereof belongs not to the Common-Law of England. The Laws and Conftitutions whereby the Ecclejiajlical Go¬ vernment doth (land, and the Church of England is governed, are full General Canons made by General Councils ; alfo the Ar- bitria Sar.Oonari Pafrunc,' the Opinioh of Fathers, the grave Decrees of.feveral holy Bifixps of Rome in its purer Times, 76 tity fjefetit atate Parti 'which the Kings of England, from Time to Time, have ad¬ mitted. Next, our own Conjlitutions made anciently in feveral Pro¬ vincial Synods, either by the Legates Otho and Otkbon, fent from Rome, or by feveral Archbifhops of Canterbury ; all which are by 2; Hen. VIII. of Force in England, fo far as they arc not repugnant to the Laws and Cuitoms of England, or the King’s Prerogative : Then the Canons made in Convocation, of later Times, as frimo Jacobi, and confirmed by his Royal An. thority: Alfo in fome Statutes enabled by Parliament, touching Ecclefiaftical Affairs: And, laftly, diverfe Cuftoms not written, but yet in Ufe beyond the Memory of Man: And where thefe fail, the 'Civil-Law takes Place. The Manner of Trials by thefe Laws and Cuftoms are dif¬ ferent from the Trials at Common-Law, and are briefly thus: Firft goes forth a Citation, then a Libet and Anfwer ; then by Proofs, Witnejfes and Preemptions the Matters are argued pro and con, and the Canon sxi&Civil-Law quoted; then, without any Jury, the definitive Sentence of the Judge paffeth, and, upon that. Execution. And this is the Manner of trying £r- clejiajiical Civil Caufes ; but Ecclefsajiical Criminal Caufes are tried by Way of Aceufation or Denunciation: The firft, when fome one takes upon him to prove the Crime; the fecond, when the Church-Wardens prefent, and are not bound to prove, becaufe it is prefumed they do it without any Malice, and that the Crime is notorious. Of Punijhmtnts inflifted upon Offenders'by thefe Spiritual or Ecclefiaftical-Courts, according to the aforefaid Laws and Ail- thorities, fee Boob III. Ttt. Pumjbment. Before William the Conqueror there were no Ecclefiaftical Courts, properly fo called in England ; for anciently the Bi- fhops fat in Judgment together with the Secular Judges on the fame Tribunal. CHAP. IX. Of tbs Civil Government of England; andfrffi of the Great Officers of the Crown. N Ext to the King and Princes of the Blood, are reckoned the Great Officers of the Crown, whereof there are Nine! the Lord High-Steward of England, the Lord High-Chancellor, the Lord High-Treafurer, the Lord Prejident of the King's Coun¬ cil, the Lord Privy-Seal, the Lord Great Chamberlain, the Lori High-Conffiable, the Earl-Marjhal, and the Lord High-Admiral, 78 tie J&efent Stated" Parti defiaftical Benefices in the' King’s Gift under 20/. yearly.'® the King’s Books; and : for this, and other Caufes, he was for. jnerly often a Clergyman.- fj[)atf)v] His Oath is to do Right to all manner of People poor and rich, after the Laws and Cuftoms of the Realm, and truly to counfel the King; to keep fecret the King’s Counfel, nci fuffer, fo far as he ' may, the Right of the Crown to be di- miniffi’d, hfc. This high Office is in France, durante mM- but here 'tis durante bene placito Regis. jjjalatp.] The Salary from the King was 848/ per Anm », Slid' when the Star-Chamber was up, lool.per Annum men for his'Attendance there: The Whole is now above 7000 /. [01 Kte Years few have "accepted this Office without receiviim large Sum from the Crown on their Entrance upon it, and: Penfion of four or. five Thoufand Pounds, a Year for Life 01 their being difiniffed -froni this high Station. They are ufualij continued in it about'feven Years.] " ‘ • Creation.] The Lord-Chancellor &xAp ihE Lord-Keeper u the fanie* in' Authority, Power; and Precedence,' yet they tt in Patent,- in Height and Favour of theKihgythe Keepers m created-pfr Tradiitdnem ma'gni Sigilli’Jibl per pkninum’Rqa, ahd ; by taking an Oath only 5 the Lord-ChaifeeWr hath bob a Patent, 1 '' / '■ " " ! ' ,J ; V'. ; • ?l0?0s3?rf aftlteri] The third great Officer'of the' Crownii the -Lwd High-Treafttrer p/;England, who;'receives this higli Office by'a Delivery 1 of'a Staff to. him by .the King, and hoidi it durante bene placito Regis’. • * ‘. -Anciently he received'this Dignity by.‘th'e"Delivery pf tit Golden'Keys of theTreafuiy. [Sjnce the, Resolution this Of fice.'hath generally been Under the Managem'dht'bf feveral C® miffibneis, called Lords of the Trbafiify; as"if is at prefent.] j^atil,] His Oath .is little different from, that of tbefirf Chancellor. '■ ( f 25 fftcf.] He M RmfeBus JErarii, a Lord'by his Office, under whpie Charge and Government' is all the King’s Re¬ venue kept in the Exchequer. He hath alfo the Check 0! all the Officers any way employed in colledtittg Tmpojls, C:/ tome, Tributes, or other Revenues belonging to the Crown: Hi hath the Gift of all the Officers of the Cuftoihs ii) all thc Pbtti of England. He hath the Nomination of the Efche'atbnsjti every Const)’] and in fome Cafes, by Statute, is to appoints Meafurerfor 't Length and Breadth of Cloths. .. . Hp, with others joined fn Commiffioh \yith him, orwitM letteth Ledfes of all the Lands belonging to.the Crown. giveth-Warrants to certain Perfons of Quality, to have tw Wine Cujiom-free. - ; The" ancient annual Salary of the Lord High-Tr'eafur" 1 England, was in all 383/. 7/, 8 d. but the law Salary was 800 - per Annum . Book II. Of t-B r i t a i n, 79 The fourth great Officer named in th« Statute 31 Hen. VIIL is the Lord-Prefident of the King’s Privy- Council; an Officer as ancient as King Join's Time, and w*s ufually called Confiliarius Cafitalis. His Office is to attend upon the King, to propofe Buiinefs at Council-Table, and then to report to die King feveral Tranfa&ions there. It hath been always granted by Letters under the Great-Seal, durante beni flacito. ■ The fifth great Officer is the Lord- Privy-Seal, who is a Lord by his Office, under whole Hands pafs all Charters and'Grants of the King, and Pardons ligned by the King, before they come to the Great-Seal of England ; alfo diverfe other Matters, as for the Payment of Money, Ife. which do not pafs by the Great-Seal. He is, by his Place, of the. King's Privy-Council, and be- fides his Oath of trivy-Counfellan, talces a particular Oath as Lord-Privy-Seal.": ~ ■ His Salary is 1500 Lfer Annum. His Place, according to Statute,, is next to the Lord-Prefident af thqKing’s Council. • *• ISigditp.] This.great Officer is mentioned in the Statute of 2 Richard II. and .then rankal among the .chie f Perfons of the Realm. . • ' : "" r . Cfiamberlain.] The fixth great- Officer of the Crown is the Lord Great-^hamherlain of England, . .an Officer of great Antiquity, to whom belongs Lively and Lodging in the King’s Court, and certain Fees due from each Archbiihop, orBifliop, when they do their Homage, or Fealty to the King, and from all the Peers of the' Realm at their Creadon, or dping. their Homage or Fealty; and at the Coronation of every King, he is to have 40 Ells of Crimfon Velvet' for his oWn Robes; and Dn the Coronation-Day, before the King rifeth, to bring his Shirt, Coif, arid Wearing-Cloths ; and after the King is by him apparelled and gone forth, to have his Bed and all the Furniture. of his Bed-Chamber for his Fees, and all the King’s Night-Af- W, and to carry at the Coronation the Coif Gloves arid Lin- im to be ufed by the King upon that Occafion; alfo the Sward md Scabbard, and the Gold to be offered by the King, and the Robe-Royal and Crown, and to undrefs and attire the King with the Robes Royal, and to ferve the King that Day before and af-. ter Dinner with Water to walh his Hands, and to have the Ba- fcn and Towels for his Fees, &c. Moreover, to this Great Officer belongs the Care of pro-- tiding all Things in the Houfe of Lords in the Time of Patlia - ’oent; and to that End he hath an Appartment near the Lords Houfe. . : '• _To him belongeth the Government of the whole Palace of '- Wtfiminjier. .He ajfo, ; iffueth out his Warrants for the prepa-' : Wg, fitting, and furnilfcing* of Wefiminfier-Hall again!! Coro, 86 €&e parent ®iate. Parti, nations an& 2 Wa/r of Peers in Parliament-tune: The Gentkmu. . Ufeerof the Black-Red, the Yeoman-UJher, oxiA Door-keepers a 3 under his Command. He difpofeth of-the Sword of State to what Lord he pH feth, to be carried before the King when he tomes to the Pjj. liament, and goes on the Right-hand of the&ararinexttotls King’s. Perfon, and the Lord-Marjhal on. the Left. Upon all folemn Occafions, the Keys of Wejiminjier-E^ and the Keys of the Court of Wards sni Court of Rtquejis » delivered to him. - . . ' This Honour was long enjoy’d by the Earls of Oxford, fra the Time of Henry I. by an EJiate Tail, or Inheritance ; buts the two laft Coronations, by the Earls of ; Lindjey, and thatb an EJiate or Inheritance from a Daughter 'ahd.Heir-GeMrJ claimed and controverted: But by a late Aft He is riot to lusS Precedence of Dukes, .but according to his Creation. |j Ccnffable.] The feventh Great Officey is 1 , the LordHiJ ~ Conjlable of England, fo called frorii Contes Staluli, whole Pot | er and .Jurifdiftion was-anciently fo great, that after the Dead | of Edward Bagot, or Stafford Dake of Buckingham 1521, aci 3 the-laft High-Conftahle of England, it was ; thought too grtt \ for. anySubjeft: Butfince, upon Occafion of Coronation, ad } at folemn Trials by Combat (as that which was intended bt- \ tween ,%-and RamfeyJ 163.1,-was made Robert Earl of tiiufy g there is created fro ilia vice, a Lord High-Conjiable. His Pot-1 er and jurifdiftion is the fame with the Earl-Marjhal, will ’ whom he fits Judge in the Marjbats Court, and takes Placed l the Earl-Marjhal. ^ ( ■ ©ari^ardial.] The eighth Great Officer of the Cnm a is the Earl-Marjhal of England: In French, Marefch'al, ad \ rifed by them to fignify indifferently that great Military Offia, j as well as a Smith or Farrier ; but their Etymologies, according j to the feveral Senfes, are different. Marefchal, when it figri lies a General of an Army, is derived from Mare, a Froili Word, denoting Great and Honourable, and Scale, aSerM When it fienifies a Farrier, it comes from Mare, a Horfe, ad Scale, as above. He is an Earl, fome fay, by his Office whereby he taketh, as the Conjlable doth. Cognizance of al Matters of War and Arms, determineth Contrails touching Deeds of Arms out of the Realm upon Land, and Matters con¬ cerning Wars within the Realm, which cannot be determine by Common-Law 3 and in thefe Matters he is commonly guide! by the Civil-Law. Note, That anciently he had feveral Courts under him, bH hath now only the Marjhalfta. This Office is of great Antiquity in England, and ancient? of greater Power than now [though of late he has held feven Courts at DeHers-Cernmem, to enquire into the Right few Book II. Of G RE A T-B R ! T AIN. $jf People had alTumed of bearing Arms.] and has been long here¬ ditary in the Houfe of Norfolk: For the firft Duke of So- merfet of theprefent Family, wasEarl-Marlhalin 1553. admiral.] The Ninth and laft great Officer of the Crown, is the Lord High-Admiral of England* ■ t The Learned du Frefne fays, this Word was borrowed from the Saracens, firft by the Sicilians, and afterwards by other Chriftian Nations. The Patent of the Lord-Admiral did anciently run thus: Anglia, Hibernia, (A Aquitania Magnus Admirallus ; but at prefent thus j Magna Britannia, (A Hibernia, ac Dominiorum & Infularum earundem. Villa Calefite IA Marchiarum cjufdcm, Nermandia, Gafconia, (A Aquitania, Magnus Admirallus & Prafeftus Generalis Claffis IA Marium diliorum regnorum. To the Lord High-Admiral of England is by the King en- trufted the Management of all Maritime Affairs, as well in re- fpeft of Jurifdiflion as Protection. [This Office alfo is ufually in Commiffion. At prefent the Commiffioners are ftiled Lords of the Admiralty.] He is that High Officer, or Magiftrate, to whom is committed the Government of the King’s Navy, with Power of Deeifion in all Cafes Maritime, as well Civil as Criminal; of all Things done upon or beyond the Sea in any Part of the World; all Things done upon the Sea-Coaft, in all Ports and Havens, and upon all Rivers below the firft. Bridge next towards the Sea. The Lord-Admiral hath a Power to commiffionate a Vice- Admiral, a Rear-Admiral, and all Sea-Captains; all Deputies for particular Coafs ; Coroners to view dead Bodies found on the Sea-Coafts, or at Sea; Commiffioners or Judges for exerci- hng Jufice in the Court of Admiralty, to imprifon, releafe, lAc. He hath fometimes a Commiffion to bellow Knighthood on fuch as ihall deferve it at Sea. To the Lord High-Admiral belongs, by Law and Cuftom, all Penalties and Amerciaments of all Tranfgreffors at Sea, on the Sea-ihore; in Ports, and from the firft Bridge on Rivers to-_ wards the Sea ; alfo the Goods of Pirates, Felons, or Capital Faulters, Condemn’d, Out-law’d, or Homed. Moreover, all Waifs, Stray-Goods, Wrecks of Sea, Deodands, a Share of all lawful Prizes, Logon, Flotfon and Jetfon, as our Lawyers term it; that is. Goods lying in the Sea on Ground, Goods floating on the Sea, and Goods call away by the Sea on the Shore, not granted to Lords of Manours adjoining to the Sea; All great Fifties, as Sea-Hogs, and other Fifties of extraordinary Bignefs, called Royal-Fijhes, except only Whales and Sturgeons. •C HAP. pi f&efent (State Paul. ch ap. x. Of the P rivy Cou n cil. T HE Primum Mobile of the Civil Government of England, from whence all the inferior Orbs derive their Motion, is that Noble, Honourable, and Reverend Affembly, called the Privy-Council, which is a. Court of great Antiquity and Honour. The primitive and ordinary Way of Government in England, was by the King and his Privy-Council-, and all our Kings have acted much by it, determining Controverfies of great Importance, fometimes touching Lands and Rights between Party and Party, whereof there are very many Precedents; and the Judges of England, in i'ome difficult Cafes, were not wont to give Judgment until they had firlt confulted the King or his Privy-Council. Moreover, the Lords and Commons alfembled in Parliament, have oftentimes left Matters of high Moment to the King and his Privy-Council, as by long Experi¬ ence better able to judge of, and by Secrecy and Expedition better able to tranfaft fome State-Affairs than all the Lords and Commons together. At prefent the King and his Privy-Council take cognizance of few or no Matters that may well be determin’d by the known ' Laws and ordinary Courts of Juftice, but only confult for the publick Good, Honour, Defence, Safety, and Benefit of the Realm, not meddling with Matters that concern Freeholds, bat Matters of Complaint, and fudden Emergencies. [Ireland and the Plantations are ftiU very much under the Influence of the Privy-Council,] A Privy-Counfellor, though but a Gentleman, (hall have Precedence of all Knights Baronets, and younger Sons of all Barons and Vifcounts. The Subftance of their Oath is. That they (hall, according to their Power and Difcretion, truly, juftly, and evenly coun- fel and advife the King in all Matters to be treated in his Majefty’s Council; That they {hall keep fecret the King’s Counfel, fsV. By Forde’of this Oath, and the Cullom of the Kingdom of England, a Privy-Counfellor is made without any Patent or Grant, and to continue only during the Life of the King that makes him, nor fo long, unlefs the King pleafeth. The King, with the Advice of his Privy-Council, doth pub- liflj Proclamations’ binding to the Subjeft, provided they are not contrary to Statute or Common-Law, but in Execution of them. The Members of this moll Honourable Council are fuch as the King of his own free Will and meer Motion lhall pleafe Book II. of G&eat-Britain. ,83 to choofe, and are commonly Men of the highell Rank, emi¬ nent forEftates, Wifdom, Courage, Integrity, ds ’c. They are all to wait on his Majefty, and at Council-Board to fu in their Order b^fe-headed, when his Majefty prefides. At all Debates the loweft delivers his Opinion firft, and the King laft of all declares his Judgment, and thereby determines the Matter of Debate. A Council is .feldom or never held without the Prefence of one of the Secretaries of State ; of whofe Office and Dignity, much more cpnfiderable in England than in other Nations, take here this brief Account. §>fcretaf ie 0 Of jadatN] The King of England had anci¬ ently but one Secretary of State, until about the End of Henry the Eighth’s Reign, it was thought fit, that weighty and important Office ihould be difeharged by two Perfons, both of equal Authority, and both ftilea Principal Secretaries of State. In thofe Days, and fome while after, they fat not at Council-Board, but having prepared their Bufmefs.in A Room adjoining to the Council-Chamber, they came in, and Hood on either Hand of the King; and nothing was de¬ bated at the Table until the Secretaries had gone through with their Propofals. But Queen Elizabeth feldom coming to Council, that Method was altered, and the Secretaries took their Places as Privy-Counfellors, which Dignity they have retained and enjoyed ever ftnee; and a Council b feldom or never held without the Prefence of one of them at the leaft, Their,Employment bang,of extraordinary Trail and Mul¬ tiplicity, .renders them moil conftderable in the Eyes of the King, upon whom they attend every Day, as Occafion re¬ quires; and of the Subjedt alfo, whofe Requefts and De¬ fires are for the moil part lodged in their Hands, to be re- prefented to the King, and always to make Difpatches there¬ upon, according to his Majefty’s Anfwers and Directi¬ ons. The Correfpondence with all Parts of Great-Britain is, with¬ out Diltindtion, managed by either of the Secretaries, relating to the Church, the Army, the Militia, Grants, Pardons, Dif- penfations, dsV. But as for the Foreign Affairs, all the Nati¬ ons which have Intercourfe of Bulinefs with Great-Britain , are by them divided into two Provinces, the Northern, and Sou¬ thern ; of which the Northern is ufually under the Junior Se¬ cretary, and contains Scandinavia, &c. The Southern under the Senior, and contains Flanders, France, &c. They have this fpecial Honour, that if either of them be a P««», he taketh Place, arid hath the Precedence of all other Perfons of the fame Degree,, tho’ otherwife by their Crea¬ tion fome of them might have Right to precede him; and a Qz Knight. 84 ftfjel&efent State Parti, Knight, in like manner, if he hath no other Qualification; but f above the Degree of a 'Baron, then he takes Place only ac¬ cording to the Seniority of his Creation. 'They have their feveral Lodgings appointed them in all the King’s Houfes, as well for their own Accommodation, as fe their Office, and thofe that attend upon it. They have alii) Board-Wages. Their fettled Allowance from the King, in Salary and Pea- fion, is 2000 /. Sterling per Annnm to each of them. The Secretaries and Clerks, whom they employ unfa them, are wholly at their own. Choice, and have no Dt- pendance upon any other Power or Perfon befides then- felves. The Secretaries of State have the Cuftody of that Seal o! the King, which is properly called the Signet; the Ufe and Application whereof gives Denomination to an Office, con- ftantly attending the Court, called the Signet-Office, wherein here: are four Clerks, who wait alternately by Months, an! prepare fuch Things as are to pafs the Signet, in order to tit Privy-Seal, or Great-Seal. Thefe have no Fee from the King, but only Diet, which it Penfion is 200 /. yearly. Their Office is in White-Hall. Thtj wait by Months, each of them three Months in a Year. Oas of them always attends the Court wherefoever it remove, and, by Warrant from the King, prepares fuch Bills or Lit¬ ters for the King to fign, as not being Matter of-Law, ait by any Warrants direfted to them to prepare. In their Offitt all Grants either prepared by the King’s learned Council)! Law, or by themlelves, for , the King’s Hand, when M are returned, and there tranfcribed again, and that Tranfcrip! is carried to one of the Principal' Secretaries of State, am feal’d, and then it is called a Signet, which is direfted 0 the Lord Privy-Seal, and is his Warrant for iffiiirig out) Privy-Seal upon it 5 yet Privy-Seals for Money do now al¬ ways begin in the Treafury, from whence the firft Warrant iflues counter-figned by the Lord-Treafurer: But whett tfe Nature of the Grant requires the paffing the Great-Seal, to the Privy-Seal is an Authority to the Lord Chancellor to pal the Great-Seal; as the Signet was to the Lord Privy-Seal, it affix that Seal to the Grant. But in all three Offices, & Signet, Privy-Seal, and Great-Seal, the Grant is tranfcribed- 1 So all which paffes from the King hath thefe feveral Waysd being confidered before perfefted. There are alfo four Clerks of the Privy-Seal. More of their Office is to be feen in Stat. 27 of Hen. Vltt worthy to be noted. Moreover, depending on the Secretaries of State is an an¬ cient Office called thzPaper-Office, the Keeper whereof BookII. Of Great-Britain. 8 $ in his Charge all the publick Papers, Writings, Matters of State, and Council j all Letters, Intelligences, Negotiations pf the King’s Publick Minifters abroad, and generally all the Papers and Difpatches that pafs through the Offices of the two Secretaries of State, which are, or ought to be, from Time to Time, tranfmmed into this Office, and here remain difpofed by,way of a Library, within his Majefly’s Palace of White-Hall. CHAP. XI. 0//^ Parliament 0 / ENGLAND, and therein of the Perfons fummoning, the Man¬ ner of the Summons, the Perfons fummoned , their Privileges, the Place and Manner of .Sitting, the Pacing of Bills in either Houfe, the Pajfmg of ARs of Parliament, .of Adjourning, Proroguing, and Diffolving of Parliaments, &c. B Efore the Conqueft, the Great Council of the King con- lifting only of the Great Men of the Kingdom, was called Magnatum Conventus, or elfe Praiatarum Procerumque Conci¬ lium, and by the Saxons, in'their own Tongue, Wittena- Gtmot, the Council, or Affembly of the Sages, and, Micel- iGemot, the Great Affembly.- After the Conqueft, about die .Beginning of King Edward I..Tome fay, in the Time of Hen. I. it was called by the French Word^ Parlementum, from Par¬ ser, to talk together, ftill confining (as diverfe great Authors only of the Great Men of the Nation, until the Reign- 01 Henry IIL The Commons alfo were called to "fit in'Par- ihament; for diverfe Authors prefume to lay, the fifft Wrjts to be found in Records, Tent forth to fummon them, bear Date 49 Henry III. above 400 Years ago. Yet fome-Anti- quanes are of Opinion, that long before, nothing of Mo-' raent, wherein the Lives or Eftates of the Common People of ngland were concerned, ever paffed without their common None but the King hath Authority to fummon a Pariia- mrat i in the King’s Abfence out of the Realm, the Cups T'"> in the King’s Name, doth fummon a Parliament; and C S do!h tfe n |me Min0rity : Within ^ the FMr 86 Cfjel^efent &tate Parti! No Parliament can begin without the King’s Prefence, either in Perfon, or by Reprefentation in Commiffion. When the King of England is with his Parliament in Tim- ? of Peace, he is then faid to be in the Height of his Royal Dig. nity, as well as when he is at the Head of his Army inline; of War: There is then fcarce any thing that the King cannoti do ; his Power cannot be confined for Caufes or Perfons within; any Bounds. A Parliament is fummon’d in Manner following: Fifty Dan at leafl before the Parliament doth affemble, the King iffues oin his Writ, Cum Advifamenio Conftlii fui; and the Warrant is,, Per ipfum Regem & Confilium. The King’s Writ (which is a Ihort Letter, orEpiftle) is di- reeled and fent to every particular Perfon of the Lords Spiritual and Temporal, commanding the Lords Spiritual in Fide fef Di. leSione, and the Lords Temporal, per Fidem Allegiantm, to appear at a certain Time and Place to treat and give their Advice in feme certain important Affairs concerning theChurtl and State, &c. . ... Other Writs are fent to the Sheriff of each County to fummoi the People to eleft two Knights for each County, two Citizens for each City, and one or two Burgeffes for each Borough, at cording to Statute, Charter, or Cuftom. In thefe Elections anciently all the People had their Votes, and moft Votes carried it; but for avoiding of Tumults and Trouble, it was enafted by Henry VI. That none Ihould have any Suffrages in the Eleftion of Knight of the Shire, but fuels as were Freeholders, did refide in the County, and had yearly Revenue; 401. (which, ’till the Difcovery of the Gold and Sil¬ ver in America, was more than zo/. is now) yet there was then, as now, this Deleft or Abfurdity, That whereas all Englifi- men, who have confiderable Eftates, ought not to be taxed without their own Confent in Parliament, by themfelves, or by tjheir Reprefentative; Copyholders in England, whereof there are fome who have 1000 /. a Year, have no Voice in the Elefti- of Knights of the Shire. The Perfons elefted for each County are to be Milites Ft- tallies, or at leaft Efquires, or Gentlemen fit to be made Knights, as it is in the Statute of Henry VI. They ought to be native EngUJhmen, or at leaft fuch as have been Naturalized by Aft of Parliament; no Alien, or Denizen, none of the iz Judges, no Sheriff of a County, no Ecclefiaftical Perfon, may be chofen a Parliament-Man to ferve for any County, City, or Borough. To the Legality of Sitting in either Houfe of Parliament, it is abfolutely neceffary, that a Man Ihould be of full Age, that is, zt Years old at leaft. All Members of Parliament, both Lords and Commons, that they may attend the publick Service of their Country, are privileged", with their Menial Servants attending on their Perfons, Book II. Of G r e a t-B r i t a i n. 87 Perfons, together with all their neceffary Goods brought along with them, from all Attachments and Imprifonments for Debts, Trefpaffes, Account or Covenant, all the Time that they are on the Way to the Place of Parliament, all the Time of the Seflion, and all the Time they are on their Way home again, Eundo, Morando, ad propria Redeundo (for fo were the old Words); but they are not privileged from Arreft for Treafon, Felony, or Breach of the Peace. The Place of Meeting of this High and Honourable AT fembly, is in whatfoever City, Town, or Houfe the King pleafeth; but of later Times it hath ufually been held at the King’s ancient Palace at Wejlminjier ; all the Lords in a fair Room by themfelves, and the Commons not far from them in another fair Room, which was heretofore the Chapel of St. Stephen. The Manner of Sitting in the Lords House/.! thus: The King, as oft as he comes (which hath ufually been only at the Opening of Parliaments, or at the Faffing of Bills, or at folemn Debates, as fome Kings, and particularly her late Ma- jelly, have frequently done) is placed at the upper End of the Room, in a Chair of State, having a Cloth of State over his Head, under which, on either Hand, are none but the King’s Children. On the King’s Right-hand is a Seat for the Prince of Wales. On the King’s Left-hand is a Seat for the Duke of York. On the King’s Right-hand, and next the Wall, are placed on a Form, firft the King’s Vicar-General in Caufes Ecdefiaftick, in cafe his Majefty fhall, as Henry VIII. did, create any fuch; I and then next to him, on the fame Form, the Two Arch, bifhops'i below thefe, on another Form, the Bilhops of Lon¬ 'S don, Durham, and Win chef er ; then all the reft of the Bilhops fit according to the Priority of their Confecration. On the King’s Left-hand, upon Forms are placed the Lord Chancellor, Treafurer, Prefident of the King's Council, and Lord Privy-Seal ; if they are Barons, above all Dukes, except ; thofe of the Royal Family. j On the fame Side fit the Dukes, Marquijfcs, and Earls, ac- : cording to their Creations. Upon the firft Form a-crofs the Houfe, below the Wool- Sacks, fit the Vifcounts, and upon the next Form the Barons, all in Order. The Qreat-Chamherlain, the Conftable, the Marjhal, the Lord Admiral, the Great Majler, or Lord-Steviari, the King’s Cham¬ berlain, fit above all other of the fame Degree of Nobility with themfelves, by an Aft of Parliament in Rot. Pari. 3 Hen¬ ry VIII. N. 10. and the chief Secretary, being a Baron, fhall fit above all Bams, who have none of the aforementioned Q 4 Offices». 88 fc&efiefent State Parti. Offices; and if he be a Bijhop, above all other Bijhops not having any of the faid Offices. The reft of. the Peers fit according to the Order of their Creation. Of late the Lord Chancellor, or Keeper, if the King be pre- fent, ftands behind the Cloth of State, otherwife fits on the firft Wool-Sack, thwart the Chair of State, his Great Seal and Mace by him : He is Lord-Speaker of the Lords Honfe. Upon other Wool-Sacks fit the Judges, the King’s Council at Law, and the Majlers of Chancery: Thefe being not Barons, have no Suffrage in Parliament, only fit to give their Advice when it is required. The Reafon why thefe Sages are placed upon Wool-Sacks may probably be, to mind them of the great Im¬ portance of Wool and Sheep to this Nation. The Clerk of the Crown, and Clerk of the Parliament, where¬ of the former is concerned in all Writs of Parliament, and Pardons in Parliament; the other records all Things done in Parliament, and keepeth the Records of the fame, fit. on a Form behind a Table. Without the Bar of the Lords Hoiift fits the King’s firft Gentleman-UJher, called the Black-Rod, from a black Staff he carries in his Hand; under whom is a Yeoman- Ufher, that waits at the Door within, a Crier without, and a Serjeant at Mace always attending the Lord Chancellor. When the King is prefent with the Crown on his Head, none of the Lords are covered. The Judges ftand ’till the King gives them Leave to fit. When the King is abfent, the Lords at their Entrance do Re¬ verence to the Chair of State, as is, or ihouldbe done, by all that enter into the King’s PrefencetChamber. The Judges then may fit, but may not be covered ’till the Chancellor, or Keeper, fignify to them the Leave of the Lords. The King's Council, and Mafters of Chancery, fit alfo, but may not be covered at .all. The Commons fit in their Houfe promilcuoufly, only the Speaker hath a Chair, or Seat, fixed towards the upper End thereof; and the Clerk, with his Affiilant, fits near him at the Table, juft below the Speaker's Chair. The Members of the Houfe of Commons never had any Robes, as the Lords ever, had, except the Speaker and Clerks, who always in the Houfe wear Gowns, as Profeffors of the Law in Term-time do ; and the fonr Members of the City of London, the firft Day of every new Parliament wear Scarlet-Gowns, and fit altogether on the Right-hand of the Chair, next, to the Speaker. The Time of Sitting in Parliament is upon any Day in the Morning ; only upon tome high Feftivals, or Faft-Days, and Sundays, it hath not been ufual to affemble, but upon the moft urgent Occafions. The Speaker always adjourns the Houfe to Nine of the Clock in ihe Morning of Tuch.Day a Book II. Of Great-Britain. ,89 the Houfe agrees to adjourn to j though the Houfe feldom meets ’till Twelve. Upon the Day prefix’d by the King in the Writ of Summons, the King comes in Perfon ; if to Weftminjler, where Paha- ments of late Years have conftantly been held, at his Arrival there, twenty-one Great Guns on the other Side of the River of ‘Thames are difcharged, as they are again at his Majefty’s Return from the Houfe of Lords; in the Room next to which, called the Prince’s Chamber, the King puts on his Crown and Robes, and from thence is condu&ed into the Houfe of Lords by the Lord Great-Chamberlain ; where being feated with his Crown on his Head, and cloathed in his Royal Robes, he fends for the Commons by the Gentleman-Ulher of the Black-Rod, who at the Bar of the Houfe makes a Bow, and advancing a few Steps, a Second and a Third, faying, Gentlemen of the Houfe of Commons, the King commands this Honourable Houfe to at¬ tend him immediately in the Houfe of Peers ; and then retiring backwards, bowing, withdraws; and the Commons forth¬ with attending his Majefty in the Houfe of Lords, are, in the King’s Name, by the Lord-Chancellor, or Keeper, com¬ manded to choofc them a Speaker. Whereupon they return¬ ing to their own Houfe, make Choice of one of their own Members, whom afterwards, upon another Day appointed, they prefent to the King-; and if approved of by his Majefty fit¬ ting on the Throne, all the Lords Spiritual and Temporal being in their Robes of Scarlet, he petitions his Majefty, That the Commons may have, during their Sitting, free Accefs to his Majejiy, Freedom of Speech in their own Houfe, and Freedom fnm Arrejls. After which the King makes his Speech in both Houfes, the whole Houfe of Commons being prefumed to be at the Bar of the Houfe of Lords. The Manner of choofing the Speaker is. That any Member of the Houfe, Handing up in his Place, and making a Ihort in- trodudlory Speech, moves, that fuch a Member of the Houfe • as he then names, may take the Chair ; and being feconded in that Motion by feme other Member of the Houfe, if no Con- teil happen, they lead the Perfon fo named from his Seat to ■ the Bar of the Houfe, from whence they condufl: him, bow¬ ing thrice, up the Houfe to the Chair; where being placed, he Hands up, and returns his Thanks to the Houfe for the Ho¬ nour they have done him, and modeftly acknowledges his Ina¬ bility to perform fuch a Truft, defires the Houfe would make Choice of feme more able Perfon; which being difapproved, he fubmits to their Pleafure; and after receiving the Direc¬ tions of the Houfe, about the ufual Requefts to be made at his appearing before the King, adjourns to the Day appointed 'Or that Purpofe ; which being come, the Ufeer of the Blach- ttod being lent again for the Commons, alters his Stile, and addrcffes himfelf to the Speaker: But if a Cornell happens about 90 tate Parti. King and Queen at Court, in their Diverfions, Progrefles, and on all emergent Occafions: Six of thefe Gentlemen are conftantly appointed by the Lord-Chamberlam, with a Noble¬ man, and the Mafter of the Ceremonies, to accompany all foreign Ambaffadors from crown’d Heads in their publick En¬ tries, and to their Audiences. At every Coronation, two of thefe Gentlemen, in Ducal Robes, perfonate the Dukes of Aquitain and Normandy. At all publick Solemnities they are^ appointed their Stations by the Heralds, to go next to the Privy-Counfellors (not Peers); and whenever the King is pleafed to go to the Parliament by Water, two of this Society have Place in the fame Barge, and likewife kneel upon the fecond Step of the Throne, where no other Officers are allow¬ ed to interpofe before them. As a particular Mark of Royal Favour and Truft, thefe Gentlemen are impowered to execute the King’s Verbal Commands, without producing any written Orders; their Perfons and Charafters being fufficient Autho¬ rity. For Example, in King Henry the Eighth’s Time, Cardi¬ nal Wolfey was arrefted for High-Treafon by a Gentleman of the Privy-Chamber without any written Order; the Cardinal obeyed, faying, His Perfon was a fufficient Warrant, after the faid Cardinal had refufed to fubmit to the Arreft by a great Lord, and an Order in Writing. Gentlemen Cup-Bearers, four. Gentlemen Carvers, four. Gentlemen Sewers, four. Thefe were very ancient Officers' of the Crown, and their i Places honourable, and for that Reafon they precede many other Officers of Note, which now have large Salaries, with conli- derable Perquifites. At the Coronations three Earls put in their Claims to officiate in their Places of Cup-Bearer, Carver, and Sewer ; there is likewife one of each Office who are Affillants to the Noblemen for that Day, and alfo have Rank in the Cavalcide, &c. Gentlemen-Ufhers of his Majefty’s moft Honourable Privy- Chamber were alfo four. They have the Power of commanding all Officers under them in the Privy-Lodgings (the Bed-chamber excepted) anti the Honour of leading the Queen in the Abfence of the Lord- Chamberlain and Vice-Chamberlain. They alfo attend in.tie Clofetat the Chapel, where no other Gendeman-Ulher waits. In the Prefence-Chamber there are i Gentlemen-Ufiers daily Waiters in Ordinary, four ; of whom the firft hath that cons¬ iderable OStes.oiBIack-Rod, and in Time of Parliament is to ■attend every Day the Lord’s-Houfe, and is alfo UJher of-the moft Noble Order of the Garter. In the Houfe of Lords he hath a Seat within the Bar ; and when the King will command ■ the Houfe of Commons to attend him in the Houfe of Lords, he always fends the Black-Rod, who is fo called from a Bhd- Book II. Of G R e a t-B r i t a i n. 103 Staff which, he tears in his Hand. To his Cultody, alfo are Delinquents committed by the Lords; and he is employed in fitting up the-Lord’s Houfe, before the fitting of the Parlia¬ ment, and afterward, for introducing Lords into that' Houfe. The Office of thefe Gentlemen-UJhers is to wait in the Pre¬ fence-Chamber, and to attend next the King’s' Perfon ; and af¬ ter the Lord-Chamberlain, and the Vice-Chamberlain, to or¬ der all Affairs, and all Under-Officers above Stairs are to obey them. Next are Gentlemen-UJhers Quarter-Waiters in Ordinary, in number Eight. . 1 Thefe wait alfo in the Prefence-Chamber, and' are to give Directions in the Abfence of the Gentlemen-UJhers Daily-Wait¬ ers (to whom they are fubordinate, and as it were Deputies) to the Grooms and Pages, and other Under-Officers, who are to attend in all Offices next below the faid Quarter- Waiters. Gentlemen of the Bed-Chamber are Eleven ; whereof the firlt is Groom of' the Stole, that is (according to the Signification of the Word in Greek,- from whence the Latins, and thence the Italian and French derive it) Groom or Servant of the Long-Robe or VeAment, he having the Office and Honour to prefent and put on his Majefty’s fir ft Garment or Shirt every Morning, and to order' the Things of the Bed-Chamber. His Salary is 966/. 13 s. \d. The Gentlemen of the Bed-Chamber confift ' ufually of the Prime Nobility of England, vyhofe Office in general is, each one in his Turn, to wait one Week in the King’s Bed-Chamber, there to lie by the King on a Pallat-Bed all Night; and in the Abfence of the Groom of the Stole, to fupply his Place. Moreover, they wait upon the King when he eats in private ; for then the Cup-Bearers, Carvers and Sewers do not wait. This High Office, in the Reign of a Queen, as in her late Majefty’s, is performed by Ladies, as alfo that of the Grooms of the Bed-Chamber, who are called Bed-Chamber-Women, and were five in Number Pages of the Back-Stairs, Six. • • Mailer of the Great Wardrobe, Deputy and Clerk. Next is the Mailer of the Robes; whofe Office is to order all his Majefty’s Robes; as thofeof his Coronation, of St. George's . Fealt, and of Parliament; alfo of all his Majelly’s Wearing- Apparel, of his Collar of SS’s, George and Garter, befet with Diamonds and Pearls. The King hath (befides the Great Wardrobe) diverfe Stand¬ ing Wardrobes at White-Hall, Kenjhigton, Windfor, Hampton- Court, the Power of London, Sc c. whereof there are diverfe Officers. The Removing Wardrobe, which always attends upon the Perfon of the King, Queen, and the Children, attends alfo H 4 upon. io4 Cfoe Piefettt §>tate Parti. upon Ambafladors, upon Ghriftenings, Mafques, Plays, & c . and is at the Command of the Lord-Chamberlain, . who hath the dilpofing of vacant Places. Here are fix Officers ; One Yeoman of the Removing Wardrobe. Two Grooms of the Wardrobe. Three Pages of the Wardrobe. Under the Mailer of the Robes is One Clerk of the Robes and Wardrobes. One Yeoman. Three Grooms, One Page. One Brulher. One Sempflrefs. Body Laundrefs. Stancher. Keeper of the Wardrobe at White-Hall. Keeper of the Standing Wad- robe at Kenjington. Neceffary Women. Treafurer of the Chamber. Comptroller of the Chamber, Auditor of the Chamber. Mailer of the Jewel-Houfe. Other Officers, Four. gaffer of % Ceremonies] The Office of Majier of tk Ceremonies was inftituted by King James I. for the more ho¬ nourable Reception of Ambafladors and Strangers of Quality. The Badge of his Office is a Chain of Gold with a Medal, ha¬ ving on the one Side, under the Crown of England, an Em¬ blem of Peace, with King James’s Motto, Beati Pacifici s and on the other, an Emblem of War, with Dieu 13 Mon Droit. Under the faid Majier of the Ceremonies is an Affiltant, or Deputy; which Office is held during the King’s Pleafure. tjfftatD#,] Among his Majelty’s Servants in Ordinary, are to be reckoned The Heralds. more concerning thefe in the College of Heralds, in the Supplement about the City of London.] ^oom^o^tcr,] The Office of Groom-Porter, is to fee the King’s Lodging furnilhed with Tables, Chairs, Stools, Firing; to provide Cards, Dice, isc. to decide Difputes arifing at Cards, Dice, Bowlings, fcfr. fjDaffer OftljeJtmltf.] Whofe office is to order all Things concerning Comedies and Mafques at Court. The reft of the Menial Servants under thefeveral great Offi¬ cers of his Majefty’s Houlhold, are found in their refpective Lifts at the End of the Book. Some of thefe Officers are not fubordinate to any other Of¬ ficer, but are immediately dependant on the King; as Mailer of the Great Wardrobe, and the like. In the Court olYAng James I. there was many more Officers ; and to feveral Officers there belonged many more Perfons, which King Charles I. King Charles II. and King James II. much lefiened, and the late King much more, Upon BookII. Of Greai-Britain. 105 Upon the King are alfo attending^ in his Court, the Lords of the Privy-Council, the Reverend Judges, Mailers of Chan¬ cery, the Learned College of Civilians, Clerks of the Signet, Clerks of the Council, Keeper of the Paper-Office, or Papers of State, £5V. Of the Military Government of the King's Court. tl)t ©cntlemen^ldtnffonertf* . A T Home, within the King's Houfe, it is thought fit, that the King’s Perfon ihould have a Guard both, above and below Stairs. In the Prefence-Chamber therefore wait the Honourable Band of Gentlemen -Pen/toners, firit inilituted by King Henry VH. Their Office is to attend the King’s Perfon with their Pole- Axes to and from Chapel-Royal, and to receive him in the Prefence - Chamber, or coming out of his Privy-Lodging; as alfo at Great Solemnities, as Coronations, St. George'% feajl, Publick Audiences of Ambajfadors, at the King’s going to Par¬ liament, and at their Funerals. They are .40 in Number, and each obliged to keep three double Horfes and a Servant, who is likewife to be armed, and fo are properly a Troop of Guards, and have accordingly been muttered by their own Officers; but this laft Part of the Duty, to which they are fworn, the King doth diipenfe'withal during Pleafure. i They have ever been commanded by a Nobleman, or a Knight of the moft Noble Order of the Garter, as their Cap¬ tain ; they have a Lieutenant; a Standard-Bearer, and a Clerk of the Cheque. A Gentleman Harbinger to provide Lodging for: them, and to alfift the Clerk of the Cheque in his Abfence, as his Deputy. All the Band and Officers are fworn by the .Clerk of the Cheque '(except the Captain) for which he hath a Fee of 5 /. 10 s. The Band wait half at a Time quarterly, but onChriJlmas- day, Eajler-day, Whitfunday, All-Saints, St. George's Feajl, the Coronation-days, and on extraordinary Occafions, they are all obliged to give their Attendance, under the Penalty of the Cheque. They have the Honour likewife to carry up the King’s Din¬ ner on the Days of his Coronation, and at St. George's feaft ; at which Times his Majefty ufually confers the Honour of Knighthood on two fuch Gentlemen of the Band, that the Captain doth prefent. Their ordinary Arms are gilt Pole Ajtes. Their io6 Cl)ep?eftnt fttate Parti. . Their Arms on Horfe-back in Time of War, are Curafe Arms, with Sword and Piftols. They have not appeared arm¬ ed, either in this or any other manner in the Army, in the Me¬ mory of Man. Their Standard borne in Time of War, is A Cro/s, Gules, is * Field, Argent. Of the Y e om en of the Guard. ' A Gain, in the firft Room above Stairs, called the Guard- Chamber, attend the Yemen of the Guard of his Majejlp Body ; whereof there were wont to be zjo Men of the bell Quality under, the Gentry, and of larger Stature than ordi¬ nary (for every one of them was to be fix Foot high). Of later Times they were reduced to 170 ; but at prefent there are na more than 100. Thefe wear Scarlet Coats down to the Knee, and Scarlet Breeches, both richly guarded with black Velvet, and rich Badges upon their Coats, before and behind: More¬ over, black Velvet round broad-crown’d Caps (according to the Mode ufed in the Reign of Henry VIII.) with Ribbonds of the King’s Colour: One Half of them formerly bore in their Hands Harquebuzes (but ever fince the Reign of King Willim the Harquebuzes have been difufed) and the other Half, Parti- Bans, with large Swords by their Sides. They have Wages and Diet allowed them. Their Office is to wait upon the King in his Handing Houfes, 36 by Day, and 18 to watch by Night; about the City, to wait upon the King’s Perfon abroad by Wa¬ ter,, or Land. Of the T. r o.op s of the Houjhold. T HE Guards 'of Hor'fe, which the Spaniards call Guarks de a Cavallo the French, Gardes du Corps the German, Leibgardy; and we, Life-Cuard; that is, the Guards of tie King’s Body, confitl of 724 Horfemen, Officers included, well arm’d and equipp’d. They are divided into four Troops. To each Troop of Guards there is now added by Kftablilh- ment a Troop of Grenadiers, confiding of 44 Men, Officers included. 1 Each of thefe 4 Troops, are divided into 4 Squadrons, or Divifions;. Two of which, confiding of 100 Gentlemen, and commanded by one principal commiffion’d Officer, two Briga¬ diers, and two Sub-Brigadiers, : with two Trumpets, mount tie Guard one Day in fix, and are relieved in their Turns. Their Duty is always, by Parties from the Guard,, to attend thePer- lon of the King wherefoever he goes near Home; but if oat of Town, he is attended by. Detachments out of the four Troops- Book II. flf.'!S»EAT-BR.ITA IN. 107 Befides this, there is a more ftridl Duty and Attendance weekly on the King's Ferfbn oh Foot, wherefpeyer he walk?, from his Rifing to.his going to Bed; and this is performed by one of the four Captains, who always waits immediately next to the King's own Perfon, before all others, carrying in his Hand an Ebony Staff, or Truncheon, with, a gold Head, en¬ graven with his Majefty’s Cypher and Crown: Near him alfo attends another principal pommiffion’d. Officer, with an Ebony Staff and Silver Head, who is ready to relieve the Captain on Occafions, and at the fame Time alfo two Brigadiers, having likewife Ebony Staves, headed with Ivory,' and engraven as the others. ' ■ One Divifion of Grenadiers mounts with a Divifion of the Troops to which-theyrbelong jjthey go oufpn fmall Parties from the Guard, perform' Centinel Duty on Foot, and attend the King alfo on Foot, when he walks.abroad, and always march with great Detachments. ' As to the Precedency pf the refpeflive Officers of the King’s Guards of Horfe, by their Commiffions the Captains always command as eldeft Colonels of Horfe ; the Cornets and Guir dons, as eldeft Majors - of Horfe; - the Quarter-Mailers, as youngeft Captains of-Horfe; and amongft themfelves, every Officer according to the Date pf his C.ommiffion when on De¬ tachments, but not when the four Troops march with their Co-: lours; for then the Officer of the eldeft Troop commands thofe of equal Rank wirh him in the others, tho’ their Commiffions be of elder Date. Next immediately after the four Troops of Guards his Majelly’s Regimeptof Horfe takes Place, and the Colonel of it is to have Precedency after the Captains of the Guards, and before all other Colonels of Horfe, whatfoever Change may be of the Colonel; and all the Officers thereof, in their proper Degree, are to take Place according to the Dates of their Com- As to the Foot, the Jffjrj-’s own Regiment of Guards takes Place of all other Regiments, and the Colonel, thereof is al¬ ways to precede as the firft Colonel. The Coldftream Regiment takes the next Place, arid then all other Colonels, according to the Dates of their Cdmniiffions. [The firft Regiment of Guards confifts of three Battalions; the fecond, or Coldftream Regi¬ ment, of two Battalions; befides which there is now a third Re¬ giment of Scots Guards, confiftihgof two Battalions.] All other Regiments of Horfe or Foot, hot of the Guards, tak¬ ing Place according-to their refpeftiveSeniorities from the Time they were firft raifed ; and no Regiment lofes its Precedency by the Death, - or Removal of its Colonel. Of ; io8 tSDfie Parent dtate Parti. Of Offemces committed within the Verge of tk King*j Court. T H E King’s PalaCe-Royal is exempted from all Jurifdiftion of' Any Court, Civil, or Ecclefiaftical, but only of the Lord-Steward, and, in his Abfence, of the Treafurer and Comptroller of the King’s Houfhold, with the Steward of the Marjhalfea, who may, by Virtue of their Office, without Corn- million, hear and determine all Treafons, Mijprijion of Tree- fins. Murders, Manjlaughters, Breaches of the Peace, &C. com¬ mitted within the King’s Court, or Palace, or within zoo Foot of the outward Gate. [But there is no Inllance of any Trial before thefe Officers forTreafon or Felony in the Memory of Man.] . If any Man prefume to ftrike another within the Palau where the King’s Royal Perfon refideth, and by fuch a Stroke only draw Blood, his Right-hand lhall be ftruck off, and he committed to perpetual Imprifonment, and fined. By the an¬ cient Laws of England, only Striking in the King’s Court ™ puniihed with Death and Lofs of Goods. - To make the deeper Impreffion and Terror in Mens Minds for Striking in the King’s Court, it hath been ordered. That the Punilhment for Striking Ihould be executed with great So¬ lemnity and Ceremony. In brief thus: Punifijment fo? Striking in tlje fcing’* Court* The Serjeant of the King’s Wood-yard brings to the Place qf Execution a fquare Block, a Beetle, Staple and Cords to fallen the Hand thereto; the Yeoman of the Scullery provides a great Fire of Coals by the Block, where the Searing-Irons, brought by the chief Farrier, are to be ready for the chief Surgeon to nfe; Vinegar and cold Water, brought by the Groom of the Saucery ; the chief, Officers alfo of the Cellar and Pantry are to be ready,, one with a Cup of red Wine, and the other with a Manchet, to offer the Criminal. The Serjeant of the Eony is to bring Linnen to wind about, and wrap the Arm; the Ta¬ man of the Poultry a Cock to lay to it; the Yeoman of the Chandlery feared Cloths; the Majler-Cook a lharp Dreffer- Knife, which at' the Place pf Execution is to be held upright by the Serjeant of the Harder, ’till Execution be perform’d by an Offi¬ cer appointed, thereunto. After all, the Criminal lhall be im- prifon’d during Life,'and fin’d and ranfom’d at the King s Will. [None have been puniihed in this Manner for many Years for Striking in the Court.] Book II. Of <*R e a t-B RITAIN. 109 CHAP. XIII. Of the Civil Government of England in the re * . fpeftive Courts of Judicature: And firfl, of the Court of Juftice call'd the KlNG’s-BENCH. F OR.the Execution of Laws, after the Houfeof Lords in Parliament, the highell Court in England at Common- Law is the King's-Bench; fo called, becaufe anciently the So¬ vereign fometimes fat there in Perfon on a high Bench, and his Judges on a low Bench at his Feet, to whom the Judicature be¬ longs in his Abfeiice, or, perhaps, becaufe this Court determines Pleas between the Crown and the Subjeft. In this Court are handled the Pleas of the Crown, allThings that concern the Lofs of Life or Member of anySubjeft; for then the King is concerned, becaufe the Life and Limbs of the Subject belong only to the King. Here are handled all Trea- fons, felonies. Breach of Peace, Opprejfm, Mifgovernment, Sec. This Court moreover hath Power to examine and correfl Er¬ rors in Failo and in Jure of all the Judges and Juftices of England in their Judgments and Proceedings ,• and this, not only in Pleas of the Crown, but in all Pleas, real, perform!, and mixed, except only in the Exchequer. In this High Court fit commonly four grave Reverend Judges, whereof the firll is ililed the Lord Cbief-Juftice of the King's-Bench, [he is alfo ftiled Lord Chief-Juftice of England, or, by way of Eminence, the Lord Chief-Juftice] and is created not by Patent, but by a ihort Writ thus: A. B. Militi falutem. Sciatis quod cmftituimus vos JuJiieiarum noftrum Capitalem, ad placita coram nobis tenenda, quamdiu te bene gejferis. Tejle me- ipfoapudVle&m. The reft of the Judges of the King's-Bench did formerly hold their Places by Letters Patent in thefe Words; Rex omnibus ad quos pmfentes lit era perojenerint, falutem. Sciatis quod conftitui- mus dileBum & fidelem A. B. Militem, unum Jufticiariorum, ad Placita corant nobis tenenda, durante bene placito noftro. Tejle, k c. But fince the Revolution, their Tenure is like the former. Thefe Judges, and all the Officers belonging to this Court, have all Salaries from the King, and the Chief of them have Robes and Liveries put of the Great Wardrobe. [In the Reign of King George I. the Salaries of the Chief-Juftices and Chief Baron were advanced to 2000/. each, and thofeof the Puifne Judges to 1500/. each ] This Court may grant Prohibitions to keep other Courts, both Ecclefiaftical and Temporal, within their Bounds and due Jurifdiction. i i© State * Part I. The Jurifdi&ion of this Court is general, and extended to all England; for the Law prefames that the Sovereign is always * -None may be Judges in this Court, uhlefs he be a Serjeant of the Degree of the Coif ; that is, a Serjeant at Law; who, upon taking this high Degree, is obliged to wear a Lawn-Coif Un TL h Juriflaion oHhis Lord Chief-Ju/lice is very great over all England; and even in Parliament-time, the Lords fome- times waving their own Power, have directed him to fend his Secondly, Of the High-Court of Chancery. N Ext to the King s-Bench in Wefiminfier-Hall is wifely pla- ced this High-Court, to mitigate the Rigour of the other. It is Curia Cancellaria; becaufe, as fome think, the Judge of this Court fat anciently intra Cancellos, or Lathes, as the Eaft End of our Churches, being feparated per Cancellos from the Body of the Church, as peculiarly belonging to the Prieft, were thence called Chancels. This Court is the Officina Juflitia, the Womb of all our fun¬ damental Laws, the Fountain of all our Proceedings in Law; the Original of all other Courts. It is as ancient as the Cimlii] of the Nation, though perhaps by another Name. This' Court proceeds either ordinarily, according to the Laws, Statutes and Cuftoms of the Nation, and in Latin grant¬ ing our Writs Mandatory and Remedial, Writs of Grace; or elfe according to Equity andConfcience, and by EnglifhM'. So that the Chancery hath two.Courts in one; the Equitable Part is by Bills, Anfwers, and Decrees, to examine Frauds, Combinations, Trull, fecret Ufes, fcfr. to moderate the Ri¬ gour of the Laws, and refcue Men out of the Hands of their Oppreffors; to relieve a Man, efpecially in three Things, nit. againft Cheats, unfortunate Accidents, and Breaches of Trad. Out of this Court are iffued Writs, or Summons, for Par¬ liaments and Convocations, Edicts, Proclamations, Charters, Protections, Safe-Condufts, Writs of Moderata Mifericordia, when any Perfon hath been amerced too high, and for a rea- fonable Tart of Goods for Widows and Orphans, Patents for Sheriffs, Writs of Certiorari, to remove Records and falfe Judg¬ ments in inferior Courts, Writs of Audita Querela, and Stir! facias. Here are fealed and enrolled Letters-Patents, Trea¬ ties 1 and Leagues with foreign Princes, Deeds between Party and Party, touching their Lands and Ellates, or Purchafen taking Recognizances, and making of Extents upon Statutes and Recognizances for Payment of Money, or fecurmg » Contrafts, Writs Remedial or Majelterial, Commiffions ot Appeal, Oyer and Terminer, See. The Court of Common-El^ Book IL Ofi GREAT-BRITAIN. Ill which are betwixt Subjedt and Subjedl, hath its Original and Commiffion from the Chancery, and cannot hold Pleas with- ° For the Latin Part of this Court, are the 24 Curfitors ; and for the Englijh Part, are the 6 Clerks. The Court of Equity, that proceeds not according to Law, is no Court of Record, and therefore binds only the Perfon, his Lands or Goods. Ctjaticelloj,] The Judge of this Court is the Lord-Chan^ cellor, or Lord-Keeper of the Great-Seal of England. He is here the foie Judge; whereas in other Courts there are three or four Judges: But he may, and doth often, in Cafes of great¬ er Weight and Difficulty, call fome of the other Judges to his Affiltance; and therefore it is faid, this Office may be difcharged by one that is no profeffed Lawyer, as it was almoft always an¬ ciently. Anciently the Lord-Chancellor had fometimes his Vice-Chan¬ cellor, commonly called Keefer of the Great-Seal j but fince Queen Elizabeth's Time they hardly differ in any thing but Name. The Chancellor is faid to be Keeper of the King’s Confci- ence, to judge fccundum Equum & Eonum, according to Equity and Conference ; he is to moderate the axpi£oi!xai(w, the exadh Rigour and Letter of the Law, whereunto other Judges are Aridity tied. The Manner of proceeding in this Court, is much like that in the Courts of the Civil-Law; the Addons by Bill or Plaint; i the Witneffes examined in private; the Decrees in Englijh or ; Latin, not in French ; no Jury of twelve Men, but all Sen- | tenoes given by the Judge of the Court. gaffers: Of Cfiancerp.] The Chancellor, or Lord-Keep- I er, hath twelve Affillants, anciently called Clerici, Clerks, or Magifiri Cancellation, becaufe they were ufually in Holy Or¬ ders, and Dodtors of Laws; for Matter and Dodtor were anci¬ ently the fame, as at this Day a Dodtor in the Arts is called Magifier in Artibus ; and fometimes they were called Coadju¬ tors: But now all Matters in Chancery mutt be Gentlemen at the Bar. Staffer of tljf jlRoIi#.] The firft of thefe is the Mafter of \tbe Rolls; in Latin Sacrorum Scriniorunt Magijler, (A Rotulorulrs Cups, five Prafeffus, fo called from the Chapel wherein the [Rolls are kept. It is a Place of great Dignity, and is in the jGift of the King, either for Life, or during Pleafure; and this Officer hath jure Officii, the Gift of thefe conttderable Offices of tlie Six Clerks in Chancery ; hath the keeping of the Rolls; hath all the Houfe of the Converted-Jenvs, now called the Rolls 3 P*d in theAbfence of the Chancellor, hears Caufes there, and 'makes Orders by Virtue of a Commiffion, with two Matters, Jure Officii. tia tE&C parent State Parti. . When he fits in the Lords Houfe in Parliament, he fits next to the Lord Chief-Juftice of England, upon the Second Wool- Sack. This Court is always open, whereas all the others are Ihut but only in Term-Time j fo that if any Man be wrongfully im- prifoned in the Vacation-Time out of the Term, the Lord- Chancellor may grant his Writ of Habeas Corpus, and do him Juftice, according to Law: So likewife may this Court grant Prohibitions in Time of Vacation as well as in Term-Time. The Salary of the Matters in Chancery is too /. to each of them, paid out of the Exchequer quarterly, befides Robe- Money. Thefe Matters do fit at Wejiminfter-Hall, with the Lord-Chancellor, or Keeper, three at a time in Term-Time, and two at a time.out of Term, when the Lord-Keeper fits to hear Caufes at his own Houfe. And to thefe Matters the Lord-Keeper does often refer the further Hearing of many Caufes: [Matters of Account are referred to the Matters, and other Things of fmall Moment, but never the Merits of the Caufe.] They have alfo a publick Office, where one or more of them do conftantly attend to take Affidavits. The Houfe, founded at firft for the Concerted Jews, was, after their Expulfion out of England, annexed for ever to the Office of Matter of the Rolls, where he hath the Cuftody of ail the Charters, Patents, Commiffions, Deeds, Recognizances, •which being made up in Rolls of Parchment, give Occafionfot that Name. Atprefent there are kept all the Rolls fince the Beginning of Richard III. the reft are kept in the Tower of London. In his Gift are, befides the Six-Clerks-Ofjice, the Offices of the Examiners, three Clerks of the Petty-Bag, and the fix Clerks of the Rolls-Cbapel, where the Rolls are kept. ■ Clerk Of tlje Croton.] Next is the Clerk of the Crown. This Office is of high Importance j he is either by himfelf, or Deputy, continually to attend the Lord-Chancellor, or Lord- Keeper, for fpecial Matters of State, and hath a Place in tie Higher Houfe of Parliament: He makes all Writs for Eleflion of Members of Parliament fitting in the Parliament, upon Warrant direfted to him upon the Death or Removal of any Member, and alfo Commiffioners of Oyer and Terminer, Goal- Delivery, Commiffions of Peace, and many other Commiffions diftributing Juftice to the King’s Subjedts: Which Office has been fometimes executed by a Deputy. Protonotary of this Court.'] This Office is chiefly to expedite Commiffions for Embaffies. it is executed by a Deputy. Clerk of the Hamper, or Hanaper, fometime (tiled Warden of the Hanaper, whole Office is -to receive all Money due for the Seals of Charters, Patents, Commiffions and Writs, to attend the Keeper of the Seal daily in Term-Time, and at Book II. of Great-Britain. 113 all Times of Sealing, with Leather-Bags now (but anciently, probably, with Hampers), wherein are put allfealed Charters, Patents, and the like, and then thofe Bags are delivered to the Comptroller of the Hamper. Six-Clerks are Officers of great Account, next in Degree to the Twelve Mailers in Chancery, whofe Office is to inroll Com- miffions. Pardons, Patents, Warrants, fsV. that are paffed the Great Seal. They were anciently Clerici, and afterwards for¬ feited their Places if they did marry, ’till by Aft of Parliament, in the Time of Henry VIII. they were allowed to take Wives. They are alfo Attorneys for Plaintiffs and Defendants in Caufes depending in this Court. Under the fore-named Six-Clerks, there are Sixty other Clerks, •viz. Ten to each of the Six-Clerks, and who, with their Under Clerks, difpatch the Bufmefs of that Of¬ fice. Examiners in Chancery there are two. Their Office is to examine Perfons on their Oaths, in any Suit on both Sides. Glerks of the Petty-Bag in Chancery are Three. They are un¬ der the Mailer of tire Rolls : Their Office is to make all Patents for Cultomers, Comptrollers, all Conge cTEfire's, iirft Sum¬ mons of Nobility, Clergy,: Knights, Citizens, and Burgeffes to Parliament, fsV. The Subpoena Office is to iffue out Writs to. fummon Perfons to appear in Chancery. ; . , Clerk of the Patents, or Letters-Patents, under, the Great- Seal of England. , . . . The Principal Regifier of the Court of Cba/icery, Clerk of the Reports, Keeper of the Old Book* and of one of the Entry-Books. ; The Office for Filing all Affiiamits in the fame Court'of Chancery, is an Office granted by Letters-Patent. Curfttors-Office in the Chancery, is to make put Original Writs: They were anciently called Clerici Premium Je Curfu : Of thefe there are Twenty-four, whereof each one hath cer¬ tain Counties and Cities allotted to him, for which they make i out fuch Original Writs as are required. Thefe Clerks are a ' Corporation of themfelves, who execute thefe Offices by themfelves, or by their Deputy. . ‘ ’ From this High Court are alfo iffued out Commiffions for Charitable Ufes throughout England, where there is .Occafton i to enquire of any Abufes or Frauds in what has been given I for the Belief of Aged, Impotent, and Poor People -, Main¬ tenance of Sick and Maimed Soldiers or Mariners j Schools ! of Learning, or Free-Schools,. or Scholars in Univeriities ; ! Repair of Bridges, Ports, Havens, Caufeways, Churches, | Sea-Banks, or High-ways s Education or Preferment of Or* [ P«ans j Belief, Stock, or Maintenance of Houfes of Cor- | redlion; Marriage of poor Maids j Supportation, Aid, or Help 11 4 €f)e fje&nt State Part i. of young Tradefmen, Handi'crafts-Men, or Perfons decayed; Relief or Redemption of Prifoners or Captives. Alienation-Office. T Here is alfo an Office called the Alienation-Office, where. unto all Writs of Covenants and Entry, whereupon Fines are levied, and Recoveries differed, are carried to have Fines for Alienation fet and paid thereupon. This, Office is executed by three Commiffioners. In all are counted feventy-two Officers under the Lord-Chat- cellar or Lord-Keeper . thirdly of the Court of Common-Pleas. T HE next Court for Execution of Laws, is the Couh cl Common-Pleas, fo called, becaufe there are debated the ufual Pleas between Subjeft and Subject. By the Statute of Magna Chart a it was ordained. That this Court ihould not be Ambulatory, but be held at a certain Place; and that had been ever fince in Weftninfter-Bail. None bot Serjeants at Lam may plead in this Court j audio many of them as the King ihaE appoint, are bound by Oathto affift all that have any Caufe depending in that Court. This Court may grant Prohibitions, as the Court of the King's-Beneb doth. The Chief Judge in this Court is called. The Lari Chitf- 2 ice of tbt Common-Pleas, or of the Common-Bench: He eth his Place by Letters-Patent, juamdiu fe bene gefferit ; and fo do the other Inferior Judges of this Court, whereof there are commonly three. In this Court all Civil Caufes, Real and Perfonal, are ufually tried according to the drift Rules of Law. Real Aftions are pleadable in no other Court, nor Pices levied, or Recoveries fullered; but only at this Court at Vtj mnfter, at a Judge’s Chamber, at the Affizes, or by fpeail Commiffion out ofChaneety. The King allows to the Lord Chief-JMce of this Courts Fee, Reward, Robes, and two Tuns of Wine, as is done» the Lord Chief-Jvftice of the other Bench; alfo to the other Judges of this Court, and to four Serjeants is allowed Fees, Reward, and Robes to each one. Then there is an Officer called Ci if os Brevium, the bj 'Clerk of the Court, whole Office is to receive and keep a • Writs returnable in that Court, to receive of the Protommi all Records of NifiPrius, called Pojlea's. He holds* his PbJ BookII. Of Griat-Britain. tig by Patent from the King, and hath the Gift of the fecond Protonotary's Place, and of the Clerk of the Juries. There are three Protonotaries, a Word Compounded of Greek and Latin, and dignify the firft Notaries. They are Chief Clerks of this Court, and by their Office are to enter and inrol all Declarations, Pleadings (which the Fi/azers did formerly pro- mifcuoufly do) Affixes, Judgments, and Aflions j and to make put Judicial Writs, {jfr. for all Etiglijh Counties except Mon¬ mouth. Thefe confiderable Offices are in the Hands of three Perfons, in whofe Offices all the Attorneys of the Court of Common-Fleas do enter .their Caufes: Each of the laid Proto- notaries hath a Secondary, ; whofe Office is to draw up the Rules of Court, and to do other Matters relating to the Bufmefs of .the Court. Thefe Secondaries are commonly the ancienteft and the ableft Clerks or Attorneys of the Court. The Cbiro- grapher is an Officer who ingroileth Fines acknowledged, &c. He holdeth his Place alio by Patent. In this Office there are feveral Clerks, who have their feveral Counties allotted them, and for which they are to ingrofs the Fines levied of Lands in their refpeftive Divifions. The Regifier of the Fine-Office, which Office is the only pro¬ per Place for fearching for Fines; they are not perfeft ’till they are brought thither and recorded. A Clerk of the Proclamations. m All thffie Protonetaries and Chirographer afore-mentioned, fit in the Court, covered widi black round Caps, according to the Mode immediately before-the Invention of Hats, which was fmce the Beginning of the .Reign of Queen Elizabeth. More* over, they are all fworn, and have their Offices for Life, as a Freehold. There are in this Court Three Officers unfworn, and hold their Places durante ben) placito. i. One Clerk of the Treafury, who hath the Charge of keep¬ ing the Records of this Court, and makes out all Records of Fiji prius, and diverfe.ojther things. This Office is in the Gift of the Lord Chief-Juftice of this Court. a. The Clerk of the InrpUments of Fines and Recoveries is, by Statute, under the three Puifne Judges of this Court, and removeable at their Pleasure. Note, That the InroUment of the Fines and Recoveries,otzny Part thereof, by St at. 23 Eliza¬ beth, Cap. 3. is of good Force and Validity in Law, to all Intents and Purpofes, for fo much of any of them foinroH’d, as the fame being extant and remaining, were, or ought, by law to be: The general Neglett whereof in this Kingdom hath occafioned many Law-Suits, and hath proved, in Procefs of Time, exceeding dangerous to many Mens Eftates. 3- The Clerk of the Outlawries, who maketh out the Writs of Capias ut legatum (after the Parties are returned Out-law d) in the Name of the King’s Attorney, whofe Deputy he is pro Itmpore. I 2 There 116 State Part I. There are five Clerks or Officers more. 1. Clerk of the King's Silver, unto whom every Fine.at final Agreement upon Sale of Land is brought, after it hath been with the Cujlos Brevium, and who makes an Entry of what Money is to be paid for the King’s Ufe, executed by a Deputy. 2. Clerk of the Warrants, executed by a Deputy, who on- treth all Warrants of Attorney for Plaintiff and Defendant, and inrolleth all Deeds acknowledged before any of. the Judges of this Court. 3. Clerk of the Juries, who makes out the Writs called Ha¬ beas Corpus, and Difiringas Juratomm, for Appearance of the Jury, either in this Court, or at the Affizes in the Country, by his Deputy, 4. Clerk of the Ffains, or .Excufes for lawful Caufe of Abience. 5. Clerk of the Superfedeas, which is held by Patent. Bat before King James the Firft’s Time the Writs of Superfedm were made by the Exigetster. . . , In this Court are alfo Filazers for the feveral Counties of England, fo called from the French, Fill, a Thread, becaufe they file their Writs; Thefe make out all Procefs upon Original Writs, and do many other things too long to be here fet down. "Of thefe there are 'Fourteen ; the laft of which is Protonotaij, Filazer, and Exigenter of Monmouth, by Patent; the reft are in the Gift of the Lord Chief-Juftice of this Court, and hold for Life. There are alfo four Exigenters, whofe Office is to" make all Exigents and Proclamations in all Aflions, where Procef6 of Outlawry do lie. This Writ is called an Exigent, becaufe it txaSeth the Party; that is, requireth his Appearance to an- Twer the Law, and lies againft a Tranfgreffor of the Law, that cannot be found, nor any of his Goods within the County : So that after-Summons by the Sheriff at five feveral County- Courts, if he appears not, he is Out-lavs'd. Thefe are all. in the Gift of the Lord Chief-JuJUce of this Court, and are for Life. There are alfo belonging to this Court four Criers and a Porter. Fourthly BookII. of Great.Britain. ii f Fourthly , Of the Court of Exch eqjj e r. T he next Court for Execution of Laws, is the Exchequer, fo called, as fome think, from a Chequer-wrought Carpet covering the great Table in that Court (as the Court of Greeu- Cloth in the King’s Houfe is fo called from the Green-Carpet) or elfe from the French Word Eftchiquier, a Chefs Board; be- caufe the Accomptants in that Office were wont to ufe fuch Boards in their Calculation. Here are tried all Caufes which belong to the King’s Treafury, or Revenue, as touching Ac- compts, Dijburfements, Cufioms, and all Fines impofed upon any Man. In this Court may fit, The Lord-freafurer, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, the Lord Chief-Baron, and three other learned Judges, called Barons of the Exchequer ; alfo one other Curfitor-Baron. The firlt of the five is the principal Judge of this Court, and anftvers the Bar of the Barrifters, who direft their Speech to him; takes Recognizances for the King’s Debts, &c. It is an Office of high Honour and Profit: He is ftiled Lord Chief Ba¬ rm ; is created by Letters-Patent, to hold this Dignity quamdiu fe line gefferit. He alone, without the other Barons, fits at Guild-Hall in the Afternoon in Term-Time, upon Niji prim in- Union; takes Audits, Accompts,' Recognizances, Prefentations of Offices, and many other Things of Importance. In the Ab- fence of the Lord Chief-Baron, the other three Barons fupply his Place according to their Seniority; but the fifth is faid to be the Curfstor of the Court, and admmiilers the Oath to the She¬ riffs, Under-Sheriffs, Bailiffs, Searchers, Surveyors, &c. of the Cujlom-Houfe ; but is no Judge. In the Exchequer are held two Courts, one of Lanss, another of Equity. All Judicial Proceedings according to Lam, are coram Ba- nnilus j but the Court of Equity held in the Exchequer-Cham¬ ber, is coram Thefaurario, Cancellario, & Baronibus. This Court had its Beginning prime Phil. & Mar. The Authority of this Court is of Original Jurifdiflion, with-' out any Commiifion. Note alfo. That all the other fore-mentioned Courts were not inftituted by any Statute or .Written-Law, but have their Original from the ancient Cuftom of the Kingdom. For a long Time after the Conqueft there fat in the Exchequer noth Spiritual and Temporal Barons of the - Realm ; and in latter Times there fat in their Places others that were no Peers of the Realm, yet lliled Barons, becaufe Barons ufed to fit there. ' i n 8 €&e|&etimt State Parti, All the twelve Judges belonging to the High Tribunals fit in Robes and Caps like Doctors. Officers belonging to the Court of E x c h e qju e r. arfje Bang’* IRmembgancer’ii Office. A fter the Lord-Treafurer, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, and the Barons of the Exchequer afore-mentioned, the next Officer is the King's Remembrancer ; in whofe Office are eight fwom Clerks, whereof two are Secondaries. In this Office are entered the States of all the Accompts con¬ cerning the King’s Revenue, for Cuftoms, Excife, Subfidies, and all Aids granted to the King in Parliament, and all other Accompts of what Nature foever, except Sheriffs and Bail® Accompts; and alfo Accompts for Monies imprefted to any Perfon to perform Service for the King, concerning the King’s Revenue, either certain or cafualj all Securities, either by Bondi or Recognizances, to the King’s Majefty by Accomptants and Officers, for faithful exerdfing of their Offices} and many of his Debts are token here: All Proceedings upon any Statute by Information for Cuftom, Excifes, or any other Penal Law: AU Proceedings upon the faid Bonds, or Recognizances, or any other Bonds taken in the King’s Name by Officers ap¬ pointed thereunto under the Great-Seal of England, and trait- nutted hither for Recovery thereof, are properly in this Offit, from whence iffueth forth Procefs, to caufe all Accomptants to come in and attempt. In the Court of Exchequer; there being a Court of Equity, all Proceedings touching the fame are in this Office, with many other Things concerning the King’s Revenue. This Office is in the King’s Gift. ®fie JMjteS&eafutet’iai ftemembjancet’ff JSDffice. Next is the Lord-Treafurerh Remembrancer ; whofe Office is to make Procefs againft all Sheriffs, Receivers, Bailiffs, &t. fa their Accompts, and many other Things of Moment, as Epa> Rules, &c. All Charters and Letters-Patent, whereupon any Rents are referved to the King, are tranferibed and fent into this Office by the Clerk of the Petty-Bag, to the end fuch Monies^ are thereby payable to his Majefty, maybe tranfinitted to « Clerk of the Pipe, and Procefs made to recover the fame by« : Comptroller of the Pipe. Out of this Office Procefs iffues to lW the 20 l. per Month due from Popifh Recufants, when convicted; and alfo to feize the Two Thirds of their Lands, when ScheMii thereof are made by the Clerk of the Pipe, and tranfnutw hither. Oat of this Office Procefs is alfo made to levy t£! King’s Fee-Fam-Rents, Icq. ^ BookII. Of Qreat-Britain. i 19 When the Auditors of the Revenue have made Schedules, of fuch Arrears, and tranfmitted them to the Remembrancer, the States of all Impreft Accompts, and other great Accompts, and all other. Accompts whatfoever, are alfo entered in this Office, as well as in'the Office of the King's Remembrancer. In this Office there were heretofore twelve lworn Clerks, whereof the two firft were called Secondaries, This is alfo in the King’s Gift. All Accompts which pafs the Remembrancer s-Office, are brought to the Office of the Clerk of the Pipe, and remain there, to the end that if there be, any determined Debt due by any Accomptant, or any other Perfon in any fuch Accompt, the fame may be drawn down into the great Roll of the Pipe, or the Pipes thereof, and by the Comptroller of the Pipe taken into his Roll, •verbatim, with the great Roll 5 and Procefs may be made by him for the Recovery thereof by a Writ,, called the Summons of the Pipe, which is in the nature of a Levare facias. And if upon Summons of the Pipe, a Nichil be returned by the Sheriff, then a Schedule is made of fuch Debts as are Ni- chilld, and fent to the Treafurer's Remembrancer, who makes a long Writ, and annexes the fame to it; which Writ is a Capias Fieri Facias & Extendi Facias. All Tallies which vouch the Payments contained,in fuch Ac¬ compts, are examined and allowed by the chief Secondary in the Pipe, and remain for ever after in this Office. All Accompts of Sheriffs and Bailiffs are made up by the Clerk of the Pipe, and he gives them, and all the other Ac- comptants before-mentioned, their Quietus eft, in cafe their’ Accompts be even. The Clerk of the Pipe makes Leafes of the King’s Lands, and extended Lands, when he is warranted fo to do by the hrd-Trcafurer and Chancellor of the Exchequer, or Lords Com• miffioners of the Treafury. And thefe Leafes are fometimes direfled to be made under the Great-Seal, but for the moll part pafs the Exchequer. He hath under him eight Attorneys, where¬ of the two firft are Secondaries. Comptroller Of tlje Jdipe,] He writeth in his Roll all that is in the great Roll; and nothing entered into the great Roll can be difcharged without his Privity. And if Nichils be returned, fuch Schedules are made to the Treafurer's Remembrancer as be¬ fore is mentioned. He writeth out the Summons twice every Year to the High- Sheriffs, to levy the Debts charg’d in the great Roll of the Pipe. Clerk Of ttje Jdleafl.] In his Office all the Officers of the Exchequer, and other privileged Perfons, as Debtors to the King, &c. are to have their Privilege to plead, and be im¬ pleaded, as to all Matters at the Common-Law : And the Pro¬ ceedings are accordingly by Declarations, Pleas, and Trials, i2o Cfie Went State Part i. as at the Common-Law, becaufe they fhould not be drawn out of their own Court, where Attendance is required. In this Office there are four fwom Attorneys. JFojeign SDppofer.] His Office is to oppofe all Sheriffs upon the Schedules of the Green-Wax. Clerk Of the C5ffreat0*] His Office is to receive every Term the Efireats, or Extrafts, out of the Office of the Rt- membrancer of the lord-Treafurer, and to write them out, to be levied for the King; alfo to make Schedules for fuch Sums as are to be difcharged. 3uDitO?0 of tije^lrnpjeff,] Audit the great Accompts of the King’s Cuftoms, Wardrobe, Mint, Firft-Fraits and Tenths, Naval and Military Expence, Monies imprefted, (s’c. ataoitojffof tt)e JRebenUe,] are Seven. Thefe Audit all Accompts of the King’s Revenue and Tax# given by Aft of Parliament. There are alfo feveral Receivers of the King’s Revenue, ari- fing from Lands and Rents, whofe Accompts the Auditors do make up yearly. ftememhancer of tfje JFirB^ruitjet,] takes all Compo- fitions for Firft-Fruits and Tenths, and makes Procefs again! fuch as pay not the fame. Auditor of the Firft-Fruits. Receiver of the Revenue of the Firft-Fruits. The Bilhops wereColleftors qf the Tenths, and accompted annually for the fame; but this is altered by Aft of Parliament, and an Officer appointed, with the Title of Colleftop-Generpl. ©eputp*<£l)amforlain0.] There are alfo two other con- fiderable Officers, called Deputy-Chamberlains , in whofe Office at Wejlminjler are preferved all the Counterfoils of the Tallies (whereof more anon) fo exaftly ranked by Months and Yean, that they may prefently be found out, to be joined with their refpeftive Stock or Tally, when thereunto required; which being done, and proved true, they deliver the fame, attefted for a lawful Tally, to the Clerk of the Pipe, to be allowed in the great Roll : But in cafe any Corruption hath been ufed, the fame is eafily and foon difcovered, and the Offender feverely pit- nifhed by Fine and Imprifonment. UDtljer Officers.] There are moreover diverfe other Offi¬ cers, as Clerk of the Parcels, Clerk of the Nicbils, the Mar- Jhal, the chief Ufher of the Exchequer, whofe Office is an Office of Inheritance, four Vnder-Vjhers and fix MeJJengers, whofe Offices are all in the Gift of the Chief-Uffier. He is alfo by In¬ heritance Proclamator of the Court of Common-Pleas, and hath the Gift of all the VJbers alfo. ' ' ' 0 / BookII. of Greai-Britain. 121 Of the other Part of the Exch eque r 5 called by feme the Lower Exc.heq.uer, where the King's Revenue is received and dijburfed. T HE principal Officer is die Lord-Treafurer, Supremus MrariiAnglici Sftesflor ; Or, TribunusAErariusMaximus. There is one Secretary. ' . . Next Officer is the Chancellor of the 'Exchequer, who is alfo an Officer of great Account and Authority; he hath a principal Power not only in the Exchequer-Court, but alfo here in the managing and difpofirig of the King’s Revenue: He hath alfo the Cuftody of the Exchequer-Seal. He fits in the Court above all the Barons of the Exchequer, and has a Comptrolment over the Lord-Treafurer's Rolls. He hath the Gift of the Comptroller of the Pipe, and of the Clerk of the Pleas, alfo of the Clerk of the Nichils, and of the Seal of the Court. He is moreover an Vnder-Treafurer, and hath the Gift of the two Praifers of the Court.. ; Then there are two Chamberlains of the Exchequer, in whofe ; Cuftody are many ancient Records, Leagues, and Treaties j with foreign Princes, the Standards of Monies, Weights and [ Meafures, thofe ancient famous Books called Dooms-day-Bom i j (which is in two Volumes) and the Black-Book of the Exchequer, | whereof the former is Liber Cenfualis totius Anglic, the Tax- Book of all England, made by William the Conqueror, where¬ in is deferib’d all the Lands of England, except the Counties of Cumberland, Wejimorland, Northumberland, and the Biihoprick of Durham, which might probably have been entered in a third Volume, now loft, with a true Value, and’their Owners Names: It was fix Years in making, •vie. from the 14th to the 20th Year of that King, and called at firft Rotulus Wintonice, hut fince named Dooms-Day-Book, becaufe therein was fet down an exaft Aecount not only of all the Cities, Towns, and Vil¬ lages of England, bat the Number of Families, of Men, Sol¬ diers, and Hulbandmen, Bondmen, Servants, Cattle; how much Money, what Rent, how much Meadow, Pafture, Wood, Tillage, Common, Marlh, Heath, every one poffeffed: And when any one was cited, or any Difference arofe about thofe Things, and Taxes, (Ac. there was no Place for deny¬ ing or deceiving the King when this Book was opened. This Book is kept under three Locks and Keys, not to be looked into under 6 s. 8 d. and for every Line tranferibed is to be paid 4 d. Next is the Auditor of the Receipts of the Exchequer-, whofe Office is to file the Bills of the Tellers, whereby they charge themfelves with all Money received; and to draw all Orders to i22 €fje l&efent State Parti. be figned by the Lord High-Treafurer, having a Warrant from him firft fo to do, for ifluing forth all Monies by Virtue of Privy-Seals, which are recorded by the Clerk of the Pells, and entred in the Office of the faid Auditor,anA lodged in his Office. He alfo by Warrant of the Lord-Treafurer makes Debentures to the feveral Perfons who have Fees, Annuities, or Penfions l; Letters-Patent from the King, out of the Exchequer, and direfti them for Payment to the Tellers. He receives every Day tie State of the Accompt of each Teller ; and alfo weekly certifies the Whole to the Lord High-Treafurer, or Lords Commijfmm, who immediately prefent foe Eftimate, or Balance to the King, He makes half-yearly, at Michaelmas and Lady-dag, a Book called a Declaration, which contains a methodical Abilradof all Accompts and Payments made in foe preceding half Year, and delivers one of them to foe Lord-Treafurer, and anotheiu the Chancellor of the Exchequer. By him are kept the feveni Regifters appointed for paying all Perfons in Courfe, upon ft- veral Branches of the King’s Revenue. He is Scriptor-Uh rum, hath five Clerks to manage the whole Ellate of Monte received, difburfed, and remaining. Next thefe are four Tellers. Their Office is to receive all Monies due to the King, as! thereupon to throw down a Bill through a Pipe into foe Wf- Court, where it is received by the Auditors Clerk, who then attends to write the Words of the faid Bill upon a Tally, ail then delivers the fame to be entred by foe Clerk of the Ptlli, or his Under-Clerk, who there attends to enter it into his Boo'ci then the Tally is cloven by foe two Deputy-Chamberlain, who have their Seals; and while the Senior-Deputy reads ok Part, foe Junior examines foe other Part with the other Wo Clerk Of tl)E ^elisi.] His Office is to enter the Teller's 1 on a Parchment Skin (in Latin Pellis, whence this Office M its Name) and all Receipts and Payments for the King, tel what Caufe, or by whomfoever, and is in Nature of a Coflf troller; hath four Clerks, whereof one is for the JhtroituiM another for foe Exit us. In the Tally-Court fit the Deputies of the two ChamberlaieJ who cleave foe Tallies, and examine each Piece a-part; A foe Tally-Cutter attends there. A Tally in the Exchequer, from the French Verb Tailltr, ai the Italian Tagliare, to cut, is a very ancient and mod certais Way of avoiding all Cozenage in the King’s Revenue, the H no where elfe in Chrijlendom ; and is after this Manner: He that pays or lends the King any Monies, receives f» his Acquittance, or Acknowledgement, a Tally, which is 1 Stick with Words written on it on both Sides, containing th Acquittance proper to exprefs what the Monies received is fai which'being cloven afunder by the Deputy-Chamberldns , «• Book II. of Great-Britain. 123 Part thereof, called the Stock, is delivered to the Party that pays the Money, and the other Part, called Counter-foci, or Counter¬ foil, remains with them, who afterwards deliver it over to the other Deputies, to be kept ’till it be called for, and joined tvith the Stock j after which they fend it by an Officer of their own to the Pipe, to be applied to the Difcharge of the Accomptant. This moft ancient Way of Jlriking of Hallies, hath been found by long Experience to be absolutely the belt Way that ever was invented ; for it is morally impofiible fo to falfify or counter¬ feit a Hally, but that upon rejoining it with the Counterfoil, it will be obvious to every Eye, either in the Notches, or in the Cleaving, in the Length, or in the Breadth, in the natural Growth, or in the Shape of the Counterfoil. Other Officers in the Receipt of the Exchequer, are the UJhers of the Receipt, a Hally-Cutter, and four Meffengers of the Receipt. The Ufher’s Duty is to take Care to fecure the Exchequer by Day and by Night, and all the Avenues leading to the fame, and to furnifh aU Neceffaries, as Books, Papers, (Ac. fhe Court of the Dutch y-C hamber of Lancafter, at Weftminfter. T I-II S Court takes Cognizance of all Caufes that any way concern the Revenue belonging to that Dutchy, which hath been annexed to the Crown ever fmce Henry the Fourth’s Time. The chief Judge of this Court is the Chancellor of the Dutchy, who is affifted by the Attorney of the Dutchy. There are diverfe other Officers of this Court, as may be feen among the Lifts. All die fore-mentioned Courts of Judicature at W s •ftminf.er are opened four Times a Year, called the Four Herns ; viz. SfemS.] Eajler-Hcrm, which beginneth always the feven- tcenth Day after Eajler, and lafteth twcnty-feven Days. Hrhity-Herm, beginneth the fifth Day after Hrinity-Suniay, and lafteth twenty Days. Michaelnms-Herm began heretofore a little after that Feafl; but now, by a late Statute, begins the 23d of Oflober, and lafteth thirty-feven Days. Laftly, Hilary-Herm begins now ten Days after St. Hilary, or the 23d of January, and lafteth twenty-one Days. Affvz.es are held twice a Year, namely, after the End of Hilary- hrm, and after the End of Hriuity-Hem ; the twelve Judges, two by two, ride feveral Circuits, and at the principal Town of every County, fit to hear and determine all Caufes of leffer Moment, both civil and criminal; a moft excellent wife Con- ftitution, begun by King Henry II. Anno 1716, who at firft •divided i24 €foe #?efetit ®tate Parti, divided England into fix Circuits (not the feme that are now) and to each Circuit allotted three Judges. Wales alfo is divided into two Circuits, North and South-Wales ; for which are aifigned in like manner two Serjeants at Law for each Circuit. Thefe Judges give Judgment of the Pleas of the'Crown, and all Common-Pleas, within thofe Counties, difpatching ordinarily, in two or three Days all Controver- fies in a County, that are grown to Iflue in the afore-men¬ tioned Courts at London, between Plaintiffs and Defendants, and that by their Peers, a Jury of twelve Men, ex vicinitatt, out of the Neighbourhood whereabout the Bufinefs lies; fo that twice a Year, in England and Wales, Juftice may be feid to be rightly and fpeedily adminiftred, even at our own Doors. Of the Government ^Counties, &c. H Aving given a brief Account of the Civil Government of all England in. general, we lhall next defcribe the parti¬ cular Government of Counties, Hundreds, Cities, Boroughs and Villages. 3luflicfjj Of tf)(! J063Cg,] For the Civil Government of all Counties, the King makes Choice of feme of the Nobility, Clergy, Gentry, Lawyers, Men of Worth and Parts, [Men of very mean Fortunes and Talents have within our Memory been made Juftices of the Peace, and the Legiflature has in alate Seffions of Parliament, thought fit to fix too /. per Am. as a Qualification for a Juftice] who have their ufual Refidence in the County, fo many as his Majefty pleafeth, to keep the Peace of the County; and thefe, by Commiffion under the Great-Seal, are called Juftices of the Peace, atfirftftiledffar- dens of the Peace ; and fuch of them whom the King doth more particularly confide in, or refpeft, are called Juftices of th Quorum, from thefe Words in the Commiffion, Quorum A. B. unum ejfe volumus; that is, fome Bufinefs of more Importance may not be tranfafled without the Prefence or Concurrence of one of them. One of the principal Juftices of Peace and Quorum, is by the King made Cuftos Rotulorum, fo called, becaufe he hath the Cuftody of the Rolls, or Records of the Seffions, and is to bring them to each Quarter-Seffions. The Original of Juftices of the Peace, is from the fourth Year of Edward the Third. Their Office is to call before them, examine, and commit to Prifon, all Thieves, Murderers, wandring Rogues, thofe that hold Confpiracies, Riots, and almoft all other flrfr juents, that may occafion the Breach of Peace and Quiet to the King’s Subjedls; to commit all fuch to Prifon, as either cannot. Book II. of Great-Britain. 125 cannot, or by Law are not to be bailed; that is, cannot be fet at Liberty by Sureties (taken for their Appearance at a Place and Time certain) and to fee them brought forth in diie Time to Triad. [They are alfo impowered to pit many Laws and Statutes in Execution, and aft in a Judicial Capacity, as in Cafes relating to the Poor; the Prefervation of the fame ; the Repairs of High-ways ; the Punifhment of Vagrants and other diffolute and diforderly Perfons.] filuarter^effionsu] EveryQuarter, or three Months, the Juftices meet alternately at the Shire, and other chief Towns in their refpeftive Counties, which are accordingly appointed by the Cuftos Rotulorm, and there the Grand Inqueft, or Jury of the County, is fummonedto appear, who upon Oath are to enquire of all Traitors, Hereticks, Thieves, Murderers, Mo¬ ney-Coiners, Rioters, c. Thofe that appear to be guilty are by the faid Juftices committed to Prifon, to be tried at the next A (fees, when the Judges go their Circuits afore-mentioned. j&fjerifi#,] For the Execution of Laws in every County, except Cumberland, Westmorland, mi Durham, the King eveiy Michaelmas-Term nominates for each County a Sheriff, focall- | ed from the Saxon Scyre-Gerefra, Prcejofitus, or PrafeSus Co - ) mtotus, a Governour or Guardian of the County; for the j Words of the Patent are, Commffmus tibi cujlodiam Cmitaius tipi de N. and he is properly §>u#ftor Provinces, he that ga- j thereth up and accounteth to the King for the Profits of the Shire that come to the Exchequer, but call’d in our Law-Latin Viu-Comes. Th ^Sheriff's Office is to execute the King’s Mandates, and all Writs direfted to him out of the King’s Court; toimpannel j Juries; to bring Caufes and Criminals to Trial; to fed the Sen- | *”“s both in civil and criminal Affairs executed; to wait on ;uard the Itinerant Judges twice a Year, fo long as they me within the County, which at the Aflizesis perform’d great Pomp, Splendor, and Feaftings. In order to the r executing of his Office, the Sheriff hath attendant his r-Sherlff, diverfe Clerks, Stewards of Courts, Bailiffs of beds, Confiables, Goalers, Serjeants, or Beadles, befides a nt Train of Servants in rich Liveries, all on Horfe-back, 2 Reception of the Judges. fore 9 Edward II. he was chofen as Knights of the Shire but to avoid Tumults it is now thus: 'ery Year, about the . Beginning of November, the Judges rant nominate fix fit Men of each County; that is, Knights ■quires of good Eftates. [It is very common of late Years “put on rich Yeomen or Farmers.] Out of thefe the Lord- ■wncellor, Treafurer, Privy-Counfellors, and twelve Judges, memble in the Exchequer-Chamber, and make choice of three, ? B Wch the King himfelf after choofeth one to be Sheriff fot ®atYear only, though heretofore it was for many Years, and 126 p^efeut $>tate Part 1 fometimes Hereditary 5 as the Cliffords , who by their Defcem from Robert ie Pipont, were Sheriffs Hereditary of the Count) of Wefimorland, by Charter from King John, as the Earl ol Thanet is at this Day. Furthermore, the Sheriff %-Offce is to colleft all public!: Profits, Cuftoms, Taxes [He does not concern himfelf witl the Land-Tax, or any Parliamentary Taxes] of the County, all Fines, Diftreffes and Amerciaments, and to brine them into the King’s Exchequer, or Treafury at London, or ellewhere, as the King lhall appoint: To fupprefs Riots, execute Writ, fecure Prifoners, diftrain for Debts, attend the Judges, fee tie Execution of Malefactors, proteft them from the Infults ol By-ftanders, return Knights for Parliament, &e. The Sheriff of each County hath a double Function: PM, Minijlerial, to execute all Proceffes and Precepts of the Contis of Law, and to make .Returns of the fame. Secondly, Juik'd, whereby he hath Authority to hold two feveral Courts of di- ftinct Nature, the one called the Sheriff’s Turn, which he hold- eth in feveral Places in the County, enquiring of all criminal Offences againft the Common-Law, not prohibited by anj Statute. [There is no fuch Court as a Sheriffs Turn, held at this Day, or has been for many Years ,paft ; ] The other, called the County-Court, wherein he hears and determines Civil Cauls of the County under Forty Shillings, which anciently was 1 confiderable Sum ; fo that by the great Fall of Monies now, the Sheriffs Authority in that Part is much diminifhed. No Suit begins, and no Procefs is ferved, but by him j nc Execution of the Law but by him. Laftly, he is the chiel Confervator of the Peace in the whole County. Every County being fubdivided into Hundred (fo called at firft, either for containing an hundred Houfes, 0 an hundred Men bound to find Arms) or Wapentakes, fo calls from touching a Weapon when they fwore Allegiance, as tin Manner at this Day is in Sweden at their folemn Wedding; for the chief Witneffes to lay all their Hands upon a Launce or Pike. Every fuch Wapentake, or Hundred, hath common! a Bailiff, a very ancient Officer, but now of fmall A« thority, liglpConttablC.] Alfo Officers, called High-Cmfolk Cuftodes Pads, firft ordained by the Statute of Wincbifr 13 Edw. I. for the Confervation of Peace, and View of A mour: They difperfe Warrants and Orders of the Juftices c the Peace to each Petty-Conftable. €o?onerj8.] There are alfo in every County two Office called Coroners, whofe Office is to enquire by a Jury of N«8‘ hours, how, and by whom any Perfon came by a violet Death, and to enter the fame upon Record, which is Matt criminal, and a Plea of the Crown, and thence they are caffi Cnvsners, or Coroners . , Book'll, of Great-Britain. 127 , They are chofen by the Freeholders of the County, by Vir¬ tue of a Writ out of the Chancery. They were anciently Men of Eftates, Birth, and Honour; and therefore in the Reign of Edward III. a Merchant being chofen a Coroner, was removed, quia communes Mercator fait; whereas he ought to have been a Gentleman, and no Tradefman. Clerk Of tf)E Market] Every County alfo hath an Officer called Clerk of the Market , whofe Office is to keep a Standard of all Weights and Meafures exaflly agreeing with the King’s Standard kept in the Exchequer, and to fee that none other be ufed in the fame County, to feal all Weights and Meafures made exaftly by the Standard in his Cuftody, and to bum fuch as are otherwife. He hath a Court, and may keep and hold a Plea therein. Of tbs C i v i l Government of Cities, Boroughs, or Towns Corporate, and Villages. ^apoj ant) Stoermttn E VERY City of England, bytheir Charters or Privileges, granted by feveral Kings, is a little Commonwealth apart, governed not as the Cities of France and Spain, by a Noble¬ man placed there by the King, but wholly by themfelves. They choofe among themfelves their own Governour. In Cities a Mayor is chofen commonly out of Twelve Aldermen. In fome other Corporations a Bailiff is chofen out of a certain • Number of Burgeffes. Citizens are not taxed but by the Officers of their own Cor¬ poration, every Trade having fome of their own always of the Council, to fee that nothing be enafted contrary to their Profit. Every City, by Charter of the King, hath Haute, moyenne, fe' hqffi Jufiice, a Jurifdiftion among themfelves, to judge in all Matters Criminal and Civil, only with this Rellraint, That all Civil Caufes may be removed from their Courts to the higher Courts at Wejlminfter : Nor have they any Cognizance of Capital Offences. The Mayor of the City is the King’s Lieutenant, and with the Aldermen and Common-Council (as it were, King, Lords, Md Commons in Parliament) can make Laws, called By-Laws, for the Government of the City. He is for his Time (which is but for one Year) as it were a Judge, to determine Matters, and to mitigate the Rigour of Bojougl)#.] The Government of Boroughs (that is to fay ‘Mi of them as are incorporated, for many of them are not) js much after the fame manner: In fome there is a Major ; 111 ot ^ er s one or two Bailiffs ; in others die chief Magiltrate Book II. of Great-Britain. 129 Befides his Majefty’s Guards afore-mentioned of Horfe, there are two Regiments of Foot-Guards; the firli: confifting of twenty-eight Companies, of eighty-two Men in each. Offi¬ cers included; the Second, called the Coldfiream Regiment, confifting of Eighteen Companies of eighty-two Men in each. Officers included. [And there is of late added a third Regi¬ ment of Scots Foot-Guards, confifting of 18 Companies of feventy-one Private Men in each Company.] The firft General Officer is the Pay-Mafter-General of all the Land-Forces, who is alfo Surveyor of the Guards. An Auditor of the Mufter-Rolls. A Clerk of the Books, who have feveral Clerks under them. The next is the Commiffary-General, who has under him & Deputy commiffioned by the King. There are Eight JDeputy-Commiffaries, who have their Commiffions from the Commiffary-General; and the feveral Counties in England and Wales are divided into Eight Circuits, and each Commiffary is to take care to mufter all fuch Forces as at any time comes into his Circuit. Immediately after each Muller is taken, the faid Deputy-Commiffaries make, a Re¬ turn of all their Rolls upon Oath to the Deputy-Commiffary- General, who keeps one Roll of each Troop and Company, as a Record in his Office; and another Roll is delivered to the Pay-Mafter-General upon Oath, and figned by the Commif¬ fary who' mutters them, and figned alio by two Commiffion- Officers of each Troop or Company, and the Mayor, or Chief Magiftrate, where each Troop or Company quarter's. Thefe have their diftindt Circuits in the Country, for mutter¬ ing the Forces which lie in feveral Garrifons. The next is the Secretary of War, who has two chief Clerks'; the laft of which is Mefl'engerto the Secretary. The next is the Judge-Advocate. The Ghirurgeon-General of all hisMaj'efty’s Forces. Of the Standing Militia, cr 'Train'd-Bands. B Elide the ’formentioned Forces there is a Standing Militia by Land of all' England, fettled in the King, to he go- i verned, and ordered, and enlarged from time to time as his jMajefty fhail f ee Occafion. They are at prefent computed to ihe near 200,000 Horfe and Foot. For the Management of thefe Handing Land-Forces, the King himfelf makes choice of diverfe of the principal Peers, land by Commiffion creates them Lord-Lieutenants of the fe¬ deral Counties of England, with Power to arm, array, and form into Companies,' Troops and Regiments, to condufl. and employ (upon Occafion of Rebellion or Invafion) the K Men 130 State Patti. Men fo armed within the Counties and Places for which the faid Lords are commiffionated, or in any other County, as the King (hall give Order, to give Commiffions to Colonels, or other commiffionated 'Officers, to prefent to the King the Names of the Deputy-Lieutenants, who have, in the Abfence of the Lord-Lieutenant, the fame Power (and thefe are to be of the prime Gentry of the County) to charge any Perfon in the County with Horfe, Horfe-men, and Arms, or Foot- Soldiers and Arms, within the faid County, proportionably to their Eftates, on condition, that no Perfon be charged with Horfe unlefs he hath 300 Pounds yearly Revenue, or 60c Pounds perfonal Eftate ; nor with a Foot-Soldier, unlefs he hath 50 Pounds yearly Revenue,or 6000 Pounds Perfonal Eftate: Thofe that have meaner Eftates are to join Two or Three 1 gether to find a Horfe and Horfe-man, or a Foot-Soldier. The ’fore-mentioned Horfe and Foot are to mufter once twice a Year, and each Horfe-man, during the Time of the Mufter, to be allowed him, from whom he ferves, 2 s. a Da and each Foot-Soldier 12 d. a Day. For furnifliing Ammunition, and other Neceflaries, t Lord-Lieutenant or Deputy-Lieutenant may levy every Yea one fourth Part (if they judge it expedient) of each Man’s Pro¬ portion in the Tax of 70,000 /. a Month, upon the who! Kingdom ; and in cafe of marching againft an Enemy, the have Power to caufe every Man, fo charged, to allow tad Soldier one Month’s Pay, which the King is after to repay, before they may be charged with another Month’s Pay. Thefe are to be commanded only within the Kingdom, f the Security of the King and Kingdom. [The Militia, exce thofe in and about London, are feldom raifed or muttered late Years, and very little depended on.] Subfcrvient in the Standing Militia to the Lord-Lieuteni and Deputy-Lieutenant aTe the Juftices of the Peace of evei County, who, upon all Occafions, according to the Ordersof their Superiors, are to fend their Warrants to the High-Con- ftable of the Hundred, or Petty-Conftable of the Parifli, tfr. 3 c f aeons.] For the better fccuring of the Kingdom fern Foreign Invalicn, befides the Ships of War (whereof moi anon) there were, upon certain eminent Places of all Partsof England, high Poles erected, whereon were faftned Pitch-in nils, to be fired by Night, and a Smoakmade by Day, therei to give Notice, in a few Hours, to the whole Kingdom, oftl approaching Invafions. Thefe are called Beacons, from tl Saxon Word Beacon, of Beaatim, to beckon, or (hew by Sign. BookII. Of Great-Britain. 131 Of the prefent Maritime Power belonging to the Crown of Great-Britain. T H E Kingdom of Great-Britain being on all Sides furro’und- ed by the Sea, there will always be a Neceffity of Mari¬ time Forces; and as Neighbours grow potent at Sea, the Kings' of this Nation will be neceffitated to augment their Maritime Forces proportionably. To the Crown of Great-Britain belongs the Dominion of all the Narrow Seas round about the whole Hand of Great-Britain, and by ancient Right thereof it hath had Poffeffion in all Times. Firft, the Aborigines, or ancient Britons, were poffeffed there¬ of, as Mr. Selden makes appear, and in their Right the Ro¬ mans held it: Then the Saxons haying gotten Poffeffion of England, kept that Dominion ; their King Edgar, amongft his Royal Titles, called himfelf Sovereign of the Narrow Seas. Afterwards the Normans poffeffing England, claimed, and quietly poffeffed the fame Dominion ; in Teftimony whereof the Swedes, Danes, Hans-Towns, Hollanders, Zealanders, &c. were wont to a(k Leave to pafs the BritiJhSeas, and to take Licences to fifh therein, and to this Day do ftrike Sail to all the Ships of War belonging to the King, as oft as they pafs by any of them, thereby to exprefs that they acknowledge the Sovereignty of the BritiJhSeas to belong to this Nation, ac¬ cording to an Ordinance made at Hafiings in Sujfex. by John. King of England, about Four hundred and Fifty Years ago. [Notwithftanding our boafted Dominion of the Narrow Seas, ■ the Dutch take our Herrings on the very Coaft of Britain, of which they make Lome Millions of Money annually* -without fo much as afking Leave: Nay, they difperfe tfie’ Shoals of Fifh, and ditturb our Filheries in fuch a.Manner, that we make little or no Advantage of them.] IWy VIII. in the Fifth Year of his Reign, built a Ship, then accounted the biggeft that ever had been feen in England, and named it Henry Grace de Dieu, or the Great Henry ; it was loooTuhs. . In the Eighth Year of King James l. was built by the Lon- doners a Ship of i zoo Tun, ana called 'The Traders Incretyk; which being loft in the Eaft-Indies, King James caufed ano* ther to be built of 1400 Tuns ; which being given to Prince ’ was him named The Prince. We have now many brave Firft and Second Rate Ships; *nd even our Third Rates are now built fo large andftrong, “at they may engage fingly with a Firft Rate Ship of any other Nation : See the Lift of the Royal Navy. [Mr - Burchet , . K 2 Secretary 'i 3 2 . Cte l^efent fttate, . Parti. Secretary to the Admiralty, in his Preface to his Naval Hiflory fays, “ Well may the Englijh be called Lords of the Britijh “Seas, lince the Royal Navy of England confifts of 7 Men « of War of 100 Guns, 13 of 90, i6of 80, Z3 of 70, 19 of «t fi 0> 47 of 50 (that is, 125 of the Line of Battle) befides 23 “ of 40, 9 of 30, and 25 of 20; in all 182.”] ' The Charges of Building a Ship of the Firft Rate, together with Guns, Tackle, and Rigging (befides ViQualling (doth ordinarily amount to about 60,000 /. Thofe of lower Rates ^ That the Reader may have a more perfeft Idea of the Pro¬ digious Size of a Firft Rate Britijh Man of War, let him take the following Account, as we received it from the Gentleman that built the Royal Sovereign ; viz. The Royal Sovereign, built at Woolviich by Mr. Fijher Hard¬ ing, Matter Shipwright of his Majefty’s Yard at Deptford, was ^_ /right of his Majefty’s Yard at Deptford, launched the 25 th of July, 1701, and is of the following Di- The Length of the Taffarel to the Head —— 210 Foot. The Guns ■ - * . 110 The Men, full Compliment - - 1250 The Breadth —--—- 59 Foot. The Tuns.-*-■ ———2000 The full Tread --- 1$ Foot. The Draught of Water — » ■■■■ . — ■ ■ 22 Foot. . The Cloaths - ■ ... ■ ■ 10,544 Yards. The Main-Sail in Length • —- 54 F'ards. ' Ditto in Depth —— — -- t6 Foot 6 Inches. The Main-Maft in Length «■ *■ — — 39 Yards. The Diameter of Ditto . ■ . — - 38 Inches. The Weight of the Anchor —-82 C. 1 3, 14/f. The Cable in Length -H-200 Yards. The Diameter of Ditto -- - — 22 Inches. . To Man the Navy Royal of Great-Britain requires about Thirty-fix Thoufand Mariners. [In the prefent War there are afluajly railed 40,doo Men to Man the Royal Navy, and the Firft and Second Rates are fcarce ever all of them in Com- mifiion at once.] The Lord Htgh-Admiral hath under him many Officers of high andlow Condition ; fome at Sea, others at Land; fome of a Military, fome of Civil Capacity j fome Judicial, others Minifterial. So that the Dominion and Jurifdiftion of the Sea may juftly be. ftiled another Commonviealth, at Kingdom, apart; the Lord High-Admiral of Great-Britain may fitly he ftiled, or at leaft reputed, as a Vice-Roy of the- Maritime Kingdom of Great-Britain. Boot II. OfGREAT-BRITAIN. 133 The Lord High-Admiral of Great-Britain doth, by Virtue of his Place, appoint in diverfe Parts of the Kingdom his feve- ral Vice-Admirals, with their Judges and Marihals, by Patent under the Great-Seal of the High-Court of Admiralty. Thefe Vice-Admirals and Judges do exercife Jurifdi&ion in Maritime Affairs within their feveral Limits 5 and in cafe any Perfonbe aggrieved by any Sentence or Interlocutory Decree, that has the Force of a Definitive Sentence, he may appeal to the High- Court of Admiralty. Court of Itomiraltp. For tranfafling of Maritime Affairs, the Lord High-Admiral hath Courts of his own, whereof that at London is the Princi¬ pal or Supreme, where all Procefs and Proceedings runs in his Name, and not in the King’s, as it doth in all Common-Law Courts. In this Court, ufually called the Court of Admiralty, he hath a Lieutenant, called Judge of the Admiralty, who is commonly fojne learned Doftor of the Civil-Law. ' The Proceedings in this Court, in all Civil Matters, is ac¬ cording to the Civil-Law, becaufe the Sea is without the Limits of the Common-Law, but under the Admiral’s Jurifdiflion 5 ,therefore the Civil-Law only is made ufe of. King Edward the Third, who firft erefted this Court of Admiralty, as fome hold, made at Ipuecnlorough, 1 375, very excellent Conftitutions concerning Maritime Affairs, and many Statutes and Ordinances have been made by other Princes and People; as a t-Rome, Pifa, Genoa, Marfeillss, Barcellona, and Mejfina. The Cuftoms and former Decrees of the Englijh Court of Admiralty are there of Force for deciding of Controverfies. Under this Court there is alfo a Court of Equity for determining Differences between Merchants. - In Criminal Affairs, which is commonly about Piracy, the Proceeding in this ■ Court was by Accufation and Information, according to the Civil-Law, by a Man’s own Confeflion, or Eye-witneffes, by which any one was to be proved guilty be¬ fore he could be condemned ; but that being found inconve¬ nient, there were two Statutes made by Henry VIIL that Criminal Affairs fhould be tried by Witneffes and a Jury, and this by a fpecial Commiflion of the King to the Lord-Admiral, wherein fome of the Judges of the Realm are ever Commif- fioners, and the Trial, according to the Laws of England, di- refted by thofe Statutes. Between the Common-Law of England and the Admiralty there feems to be Dimfum Imperium ; for in the Sea, fo far as the Low-water Mark is obferved, that is counted Infra Cor- ■K .3 ptfs i 3 4 ttpefent e>tate Parti. pia Comitaius adjacentis, and Caufes thence arifrng are deter¬ minable by the Common Laws; yet when, the Sea is full, the Admiral hath Jurifdidlion there alfo (fo long as the Sea flows) over Matters done between the Low-water Mark and the Land, as appears in Sir Henry Conjlable't Cafe, 5 Report Coke, f. 107. For Regulating and Ordering his Majelty’s Navies, Ships or War, and Forces by Sea, fee thofe excellent Articles and Orders in Stat. 13 Car. II. cap. 9. Of the Navy-Office, where the whole Bufi . nefs concerning the 'King's NAVY-ROYAL T HE Management of the Navy-Royal under the Lord HIGH-ADMIRAL of Great-Britain, is entrufted with the principal Officers and Commiflioners of the Navy. The Principal Officers fir South-Britain are Pour. SEtfafum.] Whofe Office is to receive out of the Exche¬ quer by Warrant from the- Lord-Treafurer, or Lords-Comijfi- oners executing that, Place, and to pay all Charges of the Navy, by-Warrant from the principal Officers of the Navy; for which heformerly had a Salary of 220 /. 13 s. 4 d. per An¬ num, befides 3 d. per Pound out of all Monies paid by him; but hath now an honourable Allowance certain from his Ma- jefty in Lieu theref, vix. ,2000 /. per Annum, and 800 /. per Annum more for his Inftruments. Comptroller.] The fecond is the Comptroller of the Navj, whofeOffice is to attend and comptrol all Payments of Wa- t es; to know the Market: Rates of all Stores belonging to hipping; to examine and audit all Treafurers, Victuallers, and Store-keepers Accompts, 1 stc. His Salary is 500 /. yearly. J&tirfoepoj.] The third is the Surveyor of the Navy, whofe Office is generally to know the State of all Stores, and fee,the Wants fupply’d; to furvey the Hulls, Malts and Yards, and efliniate tne Value of Repairs by Indenture; to charge all Boatfwains and Caipenters; of his Majefty’s Navy with what Stores they received ; and at the End of each Voyage, to Hate and audit their Accompts.- His Salary is 500 /. ftr Annum.] , , Clcrtt# Of tl)e Jltt#.] The fourth is Clerk of the ASs,mtk Office is to record all Orders, Contrails, Bills, Warrants, and other Bufmeffes tranfaded by the principal Officers and Com- miflioners of the Navy, at the Salary of 500 /. per Aom¬ in Time of War there is an Extraordinary Clerk of this kind, by reafon of the Multiplicity of Buftnefs. *35 Book II. Of Great-Britain. SClje CommiffionerjS of tlje $ab}\ The Firlt executes that Part of the Comptroller of the Na¬ vy’s Duty which relates to the comptrolling of the Viftuallers AccOmpts. His Salary is 500 l.fer Annum. The Second executes another Part of the faid Comptroller’s Duty, relating to the Comptrol of the Accompts of the Store-keepers of the feveral Yards. His Salary is 500 l. per Annum. The Third refides at Portfmouth, and has the Care of ma¬ naging the Navy at that Port. His Salary is 500 /. per Annum. The Fourth refides at Chatham, and has the fame Charge of Affairs in the King’s Yard there. His Salary is 500 /. per Annum. A Fifth refides at Plymouth, and difcharges the like Employ there. There are other Commiffioners at large, the Number more orlefs, according to the Exigences of publick Affairs. The principal Officers and Commiffioners do hold their Offices by Patent under, the Great-Seal: And fince the great Increafe of his Majelty’s Navy, have feveral Clerks under them, with Salaries allowed by the King for the Difpatch of the Bufinefs of the Navy, under their refpe&ive Managements. Commiffioners: fo? Hiaualling tlje jRabp. The Victualling of his Majelty’s Navy, hath formerly been undertaken by Contraft, but is now managed by Commiffi¬ oners, who keep their Office on 1 'owcr-Hill, within the Parifh of St. Botolph Aldgatc ; and thefe have their Agents alfo at Chatham, Portfmouth, Plymouth, and other convenient Ports in Great-Britain and Ireland. J 0 ar 00 .] There are belonging to his Majelty’s Navy fix great Yards, viz. Chatham, Deptford, Woolwich, Portfmouth, Ihirenefs and Plymouth, where his Majefty’s Royal Snips are ' laid up in Harbour j which Yards.are fitted with feveral Docks, Wharfs, Launches, and Graving-Places for the Building, Re¬ pairing and Cleaning of his Majefly’s Ships; and therein are lodged great Quantities of Timber, Mails, Planks, Anchors, and other Materials. There are alfo convenient Store-houfes in each Yard, in which are laid up vafl Qunntities of Cables, Rigging, Sails, Blocks, and all other Sorts of Stores needful for his Majefly’s Navy-Royal. The King hath alfo another Yard at Harwich, which is chiefly made ufe of in the Times of fome great Sea-War; and there arc alfo Officers to take Care of the Storc-IIoufes there. K 4 In 136 C&e Ipiefetit 8>tate Part i. In the afore-mentioned Yards his Majefty hath diverfe great Rope-Yards, as at Woolwich, Chatham, Portfmouth, &c. wherein are made Cables, and all Sorts of Cordage for his faid Navy. All the faid Officers, and whole Navy-Office, are governed by the Lord High-Admiral. All the other Officers, as well thofe in the feveral- Yards as thofe belonging to any of his Majefty’s Ships, hold their Places by Warrant from the Lord High-Admiral durante kni flacito. 31 geat’ff Charge of tlje $abp, 't'he ordinary Charge of his Majelly’s Navy for the Year in Time of Peace, continuing in Harbour, is fo well regulated, that it amounts to fcarce 130,000 /. befides all Charges of Building of Ships, &c. [But this Charge is much encreafedat prefent, as appears by Page 132.J And befides the fetting forth . of Fleets, which even at the Time when we had only a War with Algiers, amounted at lead to 300,000 /. per Annum, as may b e ' eafily computed by the Number of Men at Sea in Pay, which were at feweft fuppofed to be 6ooo, and are always' reckoned to Hand the King in 4 /. per Mettfem each Man, including all Charges, as Victuals, Wages, Wear and. Tear, &c. Of the Royal Hofpital at Greenwich for difaild Seamen. G reenwich Hofpital, built upon the South Side of the River Thames, not much farther diftant from London- Bridge Eaftward than Cbelfea - Hofpital is Weftward, doth as much excel the latter in Magnificence, Strength, and Ufe- fulnefs, as it doth in its Capacioufnefs, being defigned for about 1500 Seamen. The great Court to the River is one hundred and twenty Yards in'Length, and ninety Yards in Breadth, flanked on each Side by a Range of Stone-building, near one hundred Yards in Length, which, for Regularity of Architefiure, and Exa&nefs of Workmanlhip, may vie with any in Europt ; that upon the Weft having, been defigned as part of a Palace for King Charles the Second. Parallel to thefe, upon the Eaft and Welt, are other Ranges of Building of the fame Extent, making two Courts, of about twenty Yards wide, between thefe and the ’fore-mentioned. The Ends of thefe Buildings facing the River, form rnoft beautiful Pavilions of Stone-Work of near fixty Yards in T"" ' Length, Book II. Of Great-Britain. .137 Leneth, on each Side of the great Court, which makes the whole-Extent of Building to the North about two hundred ^The Facades of thefe Buildings to the River, as well as the Portico’s in the Middle of their Eaft and Weft Fronts, confift of a noble Difpofition of Corinthian Architeflure, form¬ ed upon eight Columns, and as many Pilafters on each Side, of near twelve Yards in Height, crowned with a very- rich Entablature, which furrounds the Building ; upon which, at each Extremity, there is raifed a well-proportioned Attic and Balluftrade. - The Body of thefe Fabricks is of Ruftick-work of Portland Stone, admirably fixed to the. ornamental Parts of the Struc- ^Before the Pavilions lies the Stone-wharf to the River, of more than three hundred Yards in Length, in the Middle of which are very handfome Stairs to the Hofpital, as well as others at each End for the Service of the Town. At the South End of the great Court, upon a fmall Afcent, is a Piazza, running Southward one hundred and fifty Yards in Length, and forty Yards in Breadth, having on each Side a Collonade with Doric Pillars, one hundred and fifty Yards in Extent, with an Entablature and Balluftrade j making a Communication in the Dry between the Buildings adjoin¬ ing. Thefe Collonades lead to the Veftibules of the Hall on the Weft-Side, and of the Chapel on the Eaft-Side, over each of which rife's a noble Cupola of about twelve Yards in Dia¬ meter,. and more than forty Yards in Height. . The Cieling of the great Hall, about thirty-feven Yards long, and five Yards broad, has been very finely painted by our famous Countryman Sir Jamey Thornhill, in Honour 'of the Founders, King William and Queen Mary, of BlefTed and Immortal Methory, with a vaft Variety of Hiftorical Figures, chiefly refpefling Navigation ; and the Oificers Hall, which is laid open to the other by one great Arch, making about ftxteen Yards in Length, and twelve in Breadth, is now paint¬ ed both upon the Cieling and Sides by the fame Hand, in Me¬ mory of the Benefa&ions of the late Queen Anne and King George I. And as thefe Pieces are very juftly efteemed in¬ ferior to none in Europe of the like Dimenfions, for Corredt- aefs of Defign and Beauty of Painting, fo they produce a conftant Income from the Generofity of Perfons who go to fee the Hofpital, which is very charitably applied to the Mainte¬ nance and Mathematical Education of the Sons of as many Sailors as can be fupported by it. The Collonades before-mentioned, make Returns towards the Eaft and Weft, as well facing the River to the North, as the Park to the South j fo that nothing can bd*conceived more magnificent 138 C&e $ gfetit State Part i. magnificent in ArchiteQure,’ dan the Profpefl this Hofpital affordsfrom the River, extending it felf two hundred Yards, in Front, and in Depth' near two hundred and twenty Yards, all of the moft beautiful Stohe-Work. The View through the Piazza is doled by a noble Houfe belonging to the Crown, which by the Royal Favour has hitherto been always the Go- vernour’s Habitation, (but is now given to his Royal HighneG the Duke of Cumberland) feated at the Foot of the Park, above four hundred Yards dillant from the River; but the moj agreeable Terminations of the Whole, are the Plantations aind rifing Ground of the Park itfelf, which, at the Interval of lefs than half a Mile, is near as high as the Top of tie Cupola. On the Flanks of this Hofpital, to the Eaft and Well, are very handfome Dormitories, or Wards, for the Sailors, of more than two hundred Yards Extent from North to South, with proper Entrances from the Town in the Intervals of tie Buildings. THE Book HI. Of Great-Britain. 139 THE GREJT-BRITJIN. Book III. Part I. Of the Manners, Cuftoms, Laws, &c. of that Part of Great-Britain call’d Engia nd. C H A P. I. Of Religious Manners, viz. of the Clergy; thei? Names, Orders , Privileges, Revenues , Magnifi¬ cence, &c. tflamcfi.l H E Clergy were fo called, becaufe HHn fl|ll| for altho’ all Cbrijiians may be lliled |ai|| Gad's Portion as well as Gods Ser- plpJ pfSp wants j yet among Chriftians, thofe Perfons whom God hath fet. apart, and feparated from common Ufe to his Service, to be as it were Hs Domeftick Servants, are more peculiarly the Lord’s Por¬ tion : And therefore from the firlt Age of Chriftianity, the Perfons fo fet apart, have been called Clerici, Clerks, or Clergy, •SDjfitrSu] The Clergy of the Church of England are com¬ ped of three Orders, Bijhops, Priejts and Diatom, Bijbpps in England are made in this manner: When 140 Cbe l!»ttt fttatc Parti, When any Bijhop's See becomes vacant, the Dean and Chap-' ter of that Cathedral giving Notice thereof to the King, and humbly requefting/ that his Majefty will give them Leave to choofe another j the King hereupon grants to the Dean Ms Conge $ EJlire, which in French (wherein it was anciently perm’d) fignifies Leave to cleS. Then the Dean futntnons a Chapter, or Affiembly, of the Prebendaries, who are bound to eledl the Perfon recommended by the Kings Letters under Pain of a Pmmunire. The Elediion is then certified to tie Party eledled, and if he accepts it, it is certified to the King and the Archbifhop of the Province; whereupon the King gives his Royal Affent under the Great-Seal of England, which is exhibited to the Archbifhop of the Province, with Command to Confirm ( and Confecrate him.. Hereunto the Archbifhop fubfcribes fiat Conjirmatio, and gives Commiflion, under Ms Archiepifcopal Seal, to his Vicar-General, to perform all the Adis required for perfedting the Confirmation of the Eledled Brfhop. The Vicar-General then, in the Name of the Archbifhop, fends forth a Citation, fiimmoning all Oppofers of the fail Elediion, or Perfon eledled, to appear at a certain Time and Place, efpecially affigned, to make their Objedlions. This is done by an Officer of the Arches, ufually at Bovs-Chmh in Cheapfide, London, by Proclamation three times, and then affixing the faid Citation to the Church-Door, for all People to read, the faid Officer returns an autlientick Certificate there¬ of to the Archbifhop and Vicar-General. At the Day and Place affigned for the Appearance of the Oppofers, the Vicar-. General fits: 'Then the Prodtor for the faid Dean and Chapter exhibits the Royal Affent, and the Commiflion of the Arch¬ bifhop ; which being read and accepted by the Vicar-General, the Prodlor exhibits the Proxy from the Dean and Chapter, and then prefents the Eledled Bifhop, and returns the Citation, and defires the Oppofers to be publickly called three times: Which being done accordingly, he accufeth their Contumacy; and, for Penalty thereof, defires that the Bufinefs may.proceed; which the Vicar-General, in a Schedule by him read and filb- feribed, doth order. Next the Prodlor giving a fummary Pe¬ tition, wherein is deduced the whole Procefs of Elediion and Confent, defires a Time to be affigned to prove it; which the Vicar-General admits and decrees. After which the Prodlor exhibits the Royal Affent, with the Eledled Bifhop’s Affent, and the Certificate to the Archbifhop, and defires a Term pre- fently to be affigned to hear final Sentence ; which the Vicar- General decrees. Then the Prodtor defires that all Oppofcn ihould again be called; which being thrice publickly done, and none appearing, or oppofing, they are pronounced Con¬ tumacious, and a Decree made to proceed to Sentence, m Book III. of Great-Britain. 141 Schedule read and iubfcribed by the laid Vicar-General. Then the Eleft Perfon takes the Oaths of Supremacy, Simony and Canonical Obedience. Next, the Judge of the Arches reads and fubfcribes the Sen- tenet •, after which ufually there is an Entertainment made for the Officers and others there prefent. After the Confirmation, then, according to the King’s Man- iate, is the folemn Confecration of the Elefted Biihop; which is done by the Archbiihop, with the Affiftance of two other Bifhops. Next goes forth a Mandate from the Archbiihop to the Arch* deacon of his Diocefe, to inftal the Biihop elefted, and con¬ firmed, and confecrated: Which Inftalment is almoft after the fame Manner in all Cathedrals, and is ufually thus: Upon any Day, between the Hours of Nine and Eleven, in the Prefence of a Publick Notary, the Biihop Eleft, or his Proxy, which is moll ufual, is introduced into the Cathedral-Church by the Archdeacon of Canterbury, by whom, or his Proxy, all the Bilhops of that Province are inftalled: And firft he declares his AJfent to the King's Supremacy, and fwears. That unlels he be otherwife difpenfed with, he will be Refident according to the Cullom of that Cathedral, and obferve the Cuftoms of the faid Church, and caufe others to obferve the fame. Then the Arch¬ deacon, with the Petty - Canons and Officers of the Church, accompany the Biihop up to the Choir, and there place him in the Seat prepared for the Bilhops, between the Altar and the Right-fide of the Choir; and then the Archdeacon pronounces thefe Words in Latin ; Ego, authoritate mihi commiffa, inducts Id inthronizo Referendum in Chrifio Patrem Dominum, N. N. Epifcopm, {s’ Dominus cujlodiat fuum introitum & exitum ex hoc nunc, & infeculum. Amen. Then the Sub-Dean and the Petty-Canons fmg the Te Dettm ; mean while the Biihop is again condufted from his own Place to the Dean’s Seat, and there, in token of taking real Pof- felfion, he Hands ’till Te Deum is ended, together with/ other Prayers, the Archdeacon reading fome Verficles ; as, 0 Lord, Janie this thy Servant N. our Bijhop (the People an¬ gering) And fend him Health from thy Holy Place, Sec. Then he Archdeacon reads a (hort Collett for the Biihop by Name. After Prayers the Biihop is condufted into the Chapter-Houfe, md there placed on a high Seat. Then the Archdeacon and 'll the Prebendaries and Officers of the Church come before he Biihop, and acknowledge Canonical Obedience to him. finally, the Publick Notary is by the Archdeacon required to nake an Inllrument, declaring the whole Matter of Faft in his Affair. Then the faid Biihop is introduced into the King’s Prefence, 0 ™ his Homage for his Temporalities, or Barony, by kneel- n g down, and putting his Hands between the Hands of the King, i42. C&e fgfeitt atate Parti. King, fitting in a Chair of State, and by taking of a folem Oath, To be True and Faithful to his Majefty^ (which Oath ii lead to. him by one of the Principal Secretaries of State) and that he holds his Temporalities of him. Laftly, the New Bifhop compounds for the Firil-Fruits ofhis Biihoprick; that is, agrees for his firft Year’s Profits, to be pail to the Corporation for Augmenting the Benefices of the Poor Chy within three Years. The Tranflation of a Bifhop from one Bifhoprick to another, differs only in this from the Manner of making a Bifhop, that there is no Confecration. The Tranflation of a Bifhop to be Archbifhop, differs only in the Commiffion, which is directed by his Majefty to four or more Bifhops to confirm him. None may by the Canons be admitted a Bifhop ’till he is H thirty Years old. The Ordination of Priefts and Deacons is four times a Year; upon the feveral Sundays in the Emler-Weels, or the Qualm Tempera, as the Canonifts call them, in which the Church pots up folemn Prayers, with Faffing, to implore a Bleffingfron God upon the Bifhops in the Performance of that great Work No Ordination can be performed but by a Bifhop lawfully con- fecrated by another Bifhop. None is to be ordained Priefi ’till he be twenty-four Years of Age j nor a Deacon, ’till he is at leaft twenty-three current. How a Clergyman becomes fettled in a Living. Upon the Vacancy of a Church, the Clergyman defiring to fucceed, having obtained the Confent of the Patron lawfully and honourably, he muff get a Prefentation Sign’d and Seal'd by him in this, or fome fuch like Form. Form of a Prefentation to a Li vi n g. R EnserendoinChrifio Patri & Domino, H. Dimna Pemifi'A I. Epi/copo ejufque micario in Spiritualibusgenerali, A. 8 Armiger indubitatus PatnmusEcclefite Parochialis de C. in C®' tatu D. Salutem in Dominofempiternam. Ad E cclefiam de C .ft* diSam mefira Dicecefeos tnodo per mortem [if void by the Dole of the laft Incumbent; or modoper Refignationem, ‘ if by Refigm- tion; or, per Cejfionem, if by taking a fecond Living witW Qualification; or, per Deprimationem, if by Deprivation] E.F. ultimi incumbentes ibidem jam macantem, & ad meam dwelt nem plena jure fpeSantem ; dilellum mihi in Chrifio, G. H. Cky cum in Artibus Magifirum Paternitati aiefira prafento hunil^j fupplicans quaienus prafatum, G. H. ad di&am Ecclefiam ok 1 }) tore, eurnque Reftorem [if it be a Redtor; or Vicarim, if ‘ Vicarage] tjufdem Ecclefue infiituere cum fuis juribus, U } t,h } Book III. Of Great-Britain. 143 ninth univerfs, cateraque expedire, & feragere qua veftro in bac farte incumbmt Officio paftorali, dignemini cumfavore. In turn rei teftimonium his prafentibus figillum meum appofui. Da¬ tum die .... Annoque Regui Domini noftri Georgii, Dei Gra¬ tia, Magna Britannia, Francis, & Hibernia, Regi, Fidei Defenforis, &C. Annoque Domini .... Which Prefentation the Clerk prefented muft carry to the Bilhop of that Diocefe in which the Church is, or to his Vicar- General: Or if the Bifhoprick be vacant, to the Guardian of the Spiritualities: And he muft carry with him, and exhibit, if required, Letters-Teftimonial, either from the Matter and Fellows of the College where he laft refided, or under theHands and Seals of three, at leaft. Reverend Divines, who knew him well for three Years laft paft, and can give a good Account of his Virtue, Uniformity and Learning, in this, or fome fuch life Form. Form of a TESTIMONIAL. C U M antiquus & probatus Ecclefia Anglicana mo:Jit, uf qui ad literarum Jludium vita probitatem adjunxerint, pub¬ lico hominum fide dignorum teflimonio honeftarentur ; nos, quorum nmina infra fcripta flint, tefiamur, perquam eruditum & de- Icclinn nobis in Chrijlo, A. B. in Artibus Magijirum per triermium. proximo elapfum affiduam Officio fuo operam dediffe, vitamque, fcf mores fms pie fobrie inftituijfe ; dignumque judicamus qui ad quidlibet munus in Ecclejia promoveatur, quam de eo opinionem mictpimus eandem apud omnes libere prof femur. In cujus ret ttjlimonium figilla noftra prafentibus appofuimus. Dat. die .... Anno Dorn . Such a Teftimonial as this is always indifpenfably required before Holy Orders are .conferred; and the Bilhop demands it even from a Prieft,- before he admits him to a Benefice. Note, That if any one living in a certain Diocefe, and not in either of the two Univerfities, go to the Bilhop of another Diocefe for Orders, he muft have Letters Demijfory from the Bilhop of that Diocefe where he laft refided,- to the other Bi- fhop j and fo he ought to have, if he goes for a Living. Note alfo, That the Prefentation muft be tendered to the Bi- fiiop within 182 Days after the Living is vacant, elfeitlapfes to the Bilhop; and if the Bilhop then doth not collate in naif a Year more, it lapfcs to the Archbilhop; and if the Archbilhop doth not collate in half a Year more, it lapfes the King; and the next Prefentation continues fo, ’till the hang (if the Living be zo /. per Annum in the Valuation- "°™> ,or the Lord-Chancellor, if under 20/.) prefents, be it "hen it will; for, Nullum tempus ucurrit Regi. After this, the J44 €5e pjefent 8>tate Parti, Perfon to be admitted is examined; and if he be found duly qualified, the Bilhop, or his Surrogate, militates him in thefe or other Words; Injtiluto te ReSorem Ecclefia Patrochialis 1 .y habere Caram Animarntn, & accipe Curam tuamiS And before he be militated, he mull fubfcribe to this Decla¬ ration following: 1 A. B. do declare , That no Foreign Prince, Perfon, Prikh, State or Potentate, hath, or ought to have, anyJurifdiSm , Power, Superiority, Pre-eminence, or Authority, Eccleftafi'ml er Spiritual, within this Realm: And that 1 will conform It the Liturgy of the Church of England, as it is now by Law ejh- blijhed. Then a Mandate is.iffued out, under the Bilhop’s Seal, to the Archdeacon of the Place, who himfelf, or by feme Clergy- man whom he lhall appoint, is to Indudl the Clerk into his Living; which is done by Delivery of the Bell-rope: And then the new militated Clerk being left alone in theChurchj he tolls the Bell; and now he is Indudled. Within two Months after this he mull, in the faid Church during Divine Service [i.e. after fome Part of the Church Service, and before the Whole is finilhed) read the XXXIX Articles of Religion, and declare aloud'his unfeigned Affect and m wel minuere pnefumpferit, noficat fe ad tribunal Cbrifii rat' 0 -t* redditurum .; He that ffiall' add to our.Donation, may the Al¬ mighty God encresfe his happy Days j but if any one Ihah Book'III. Of Great-B ritain. 147 sreliime to Change or diminilh it, let him know, that he muft give an Account thereof at the Tribunal of Chrift. This folemn Sanction was afterwards confirmed by diyerfe A£ls in following Reigns, as of Edmund, Edgar, Etheldred, Alfred, and William the Conqueror ; fo that the Clergy of Eng¬ land (whether they have Jus Di-vinum or no) have an an- cientcr Right, by Common Law, to their Tithes, than any Lay-Subjeft can ihew for his Lands in Fee-fimple. William the Conqueror, at his coming into England, found the Bilhopricks then in being fo richly endowed with Lands, that he eredted them all into Baronies, and every Barony then confifted of Thirteen Knights Fees at leaft. • The Revenues of the' Bilhopricks are very much impaired fincethe Reformation; for the Great Men, in the beginning of Queen Elizabeth's Reign, forced the Bilhops of many Sees to furrender many of their bell Manours, and in lieu of them to accept appropriate Tithes, and in fome Places no Compenfation at all. By this Means fome Seer-were ex¬ ceedingly impoveriihed, as' Exeter and Landaff, and others Very much hurt. Whenever Bilhops go through Dio'cefes upon Epifcopal Vi- fitations, all the Clergy ate obliged to pay them certain Pro¬ curations, to enable them to bear that Expence: But then thofe Procuratious are never paid, unlefs a Bilhop vifits either byhimfelf or his Proxy. ' ; Tenths and Firft-Fruits were anciently paid, as is believed, to the feveral. Diocefans, as was continued to the Bilhop of Eenmch ’till Henry V 111 . deprived him thereof, and the Pope of all the reft.. Moreover, all Cathedral Churches were by diverfe Kings and Nobles richly fumilhed with Lands, for the plentiful Maintenance of a Dean, and a certain Number of Prebendaries.' The Revenues of the inferior Clergy in England are ge* nerally very finall," and infufficient; ne'ar a third Part of the bell Benefices in England being anciently, by the Pope's Grant, appropriated to Monajleries towards their Maintenance, were, | upon the Diffolution of Monajleries, made Lay-Fees. Befides what hath been taken by fecret or indirect Means, through [Corrupt Compofitions, Compacts, and Cuftoms in many Pa- [nlbes, there are alfo very many large Eftates’ wholly exempt I from paying Tithes, as Lands belonging to Monafteries, of which about i go were dilfolved in Henry the VHIth’s Time, of between too and 3500 /. per Annum Value a-piece ; which, at a Medium of 1500 1 . per Annum each, amounts to 285,000 /. yir Annum Tithe-free, befides all the lelfer Priories, Abbies, and Monafteries. Such has been the unhappy Condition of the Englijh Clergy, from the Reformation down to thefe prefcnt Times, ’till it Ipieafed the late Queen ANNE , of bleffed Memory, to take L 2 the 148 C&e latent State Part i. .the fame into.her Princely Confideration j and having in the firft Place remitted all the Arrears-of Tenths due from fmall Livings, not exceeding 30 l.per Annum, to fignify to the Com- mons in Parliament aflembled,, That to the End a Fund might be fettled for the Augmentation of the Maintenance of. the Poor Clergy, file would make a Grant of her whole Revenue of Firft-Fruite and Tenths: [Bat one Man holding two Livings, befides, perhaps, a Deanary or. Prebendary, is yery hard on the Clergy' in general.] Of which fee more in Chap. IX. con- cernirtg Societies for Advancement of Religion, &c: ■■ During the Vacancy of a .See, or when the Bilhop .is employed by the King in publick Negotiations beyond Sea,' the Law pro¬ vides an Officer in his Place, to 'whom Prefentations, may be made, and bywhonjInftitutions, Admiffions, &c. maybe given; which Officer is called Guardian of the Spiritualities. The Office is fometimes executed by the Archbifhop of the Province; or his Vicar-General; or the Dean and Chapter of the vacant See. i&apittjff*] The Papifts are not very numerous. They abound chiefly in Lancajhire, Staffordjhire and SuJ/ex. . In the Trading Towns, if we except London, there are very, few, and their Numbers, in the.Country would be much lefs, if they were not fupported by fo many Gentlemen of their Party,: who have not yet,been brought to renounce the Errors of their .Fore-Fa¬ thers, They, are generally very, zealous in their Way, and very intent upon gaining Profelytes; for which Reafon it has been thought advifeable to check their Progrefs by feveral Pe¬ nal Laws, fome made formerly, others fince the Revolotim ; and yet, though they are, not openly and diredtly tolerated, they enjoy, through the Gentlpnefs of the Englijh Government, greater Freedom than is allowed tp any Proteftants in any ft- man Catholick Countries ip Europe, , though thofe. Proteftants ' have never been convifted of Pradtices tending to overthrow the Conftitutions under which they have lived, which has been but too often experienced of the P.apijls amOngft ourfelves. The other Dif enters who are tolerated by Law in Enght, may be reduced into four Claffes, Prejbyterians, Independents, Anahaptijls, (or as they call themfelves, Baptifis) and Hhahri. i^e0bj>tenane and iflnOepenDmts.] How widely foever thefe formerly differed among. themfelves, yet there is now very little Difference between them. In the Do&rinal Parts of Chriftianity they agree with the Church of England, as her Dodlrines are fet down in the XXXIX Articles.: The Differ¬ ences lie in the outward Adminiftration of Ecclefiaftical Go¬ vernment, who lhall appoint the Governors of the Church, F what Sub-ordination there lhall be or not be. between them- The Prtjlyterians allow of no Sub-ordination in the Pern® 'of their Minifters; but then they teach, that every Minara ought alfo to be obedient to the Clafs under which he m and that Clafs to a Synod Provincial, National or OecimW CBl ’ Book III. Of GREAT-BRiTAIN. 149 and that the Power-of Ordination ought to refidein the Clafs; and that- none ought to adminifier the Sacraments that are not ordained by the Impofition of Hands of other Minifters. In the Government of. the Church, they call in Lay-Elders; and for the taking Care of the Poor, they make ufe of Deacons. This, which is the Difcipline of the Kirk of Scotland, where, alfo a fuller Account lhall be given of it, has been very little nfed lince the Reiteration of King Charles II. in England. Jnabaptite.] The great conftituent Doftrine of thefeMen, is their entire difallowing of Infant-Baptifm j and in the Bap- tifm of Adults, they conllantly making ufe of Dipping. In appointing Pallors, fome of them ufe Impofition of Hands. Some, though not many of them, fcruple the Lawfiilnefs of paying Tithes, and fome obferve the JevtiJh Sabbath. The Number of thefe, as diftinft from the former, is compara¬ tively very fmall, moll of them being lifted under the former Denominations. fflua6er0.] Thefe are a diftinft Body from all the other Diffenters, dilagreeing in Doftrine and Praftice from all alike, and teaching, in truth, a diftinft Religion from every other Body of the Chrillians throughout the World. Their Adver- faries have of late Years charged them with a Denial of all the Fundamentals of Chriftianity. They are a diftinft Politi- ' cal Body, governed with great Regularity by Laws and Rules of their, own making: And in their outward Deportment, they ftudy to appear as contrary to the reft of Mankind as they poffiblycan. For their Faith, the faireft Account we can take pf it will be from an Apology which Robert Barclay, one of their own Body, prefented to King Charles II. In this there is no Mention of & Trinity of Berfons in the God- led", nothings/ the Incantation of J efts Chrift, and of his being aftually thereupon God Man, of the Plenary SatisfaBion : ’which be gave to the Divine Juftice for the Sins of Men by hit Death ; of his Afcenfion into Heaven with the fame Body with ; which he appeared to St. Thomas after his Refurreftion ; of his conftant htercejfm at the Right-hand of the Father for all Manlind; nor of the RefurreBion of the Body. ’ Thefe Articles the Quakers have been charged with deny-, ling, before the Writing of Robert Barclay's Apology, and more jvigouroully fince. In Defence for Themfelves they fay. That ; they own /Fr Three that hare Record in Heaven, ijohn v. 7. But the Terms, Perfon anct Trinity they rejeft, as not fpiritual j and they fay farther. That the Word Perfon is too grofs to exprefs ftch an Union. They refufe therefore to fubferibe the Nicene I and Manafan Creeds ; and they feem to accufe the Doftrines therein contained of Polytheifm. As to the Doftrine of the In- drntion, as the Church of England holdeth it, they are not L j ' ■ 4 * a /'. rp €&e Pefent State Part j, dear. They keep to ho Scripture-Phrafes, and own, that the God-head dwelt bodily in Jefus: But whether they mean any more thereby, than the Light, which they call the Chrifl •within, dwelt in the Man Jefus Chrifl fully, and was given ta him without Meafure, is uncertain: For when they have been charged with affirming, ‘That there is no other Chrifl but •what is-within them, they reply thus: “ When we fay, there is n» “ other Chrift than what is within us, we fay true, becaufe “ Chrift, as God, cannot be divided 5 and the Meafure, orMa- “ nifeftation of the Spirit of Chrift in us, is not another, bat “ a Manifeftation of the fame Chrifl which did in Fulnefs,and “ Bodily, dwell in the Man Jefus." They never fpeak of the Hypoftatical Union of the two Natures, Divine and Human, in the Perfon of Jefus Chrifl. Some of them have been charged with allegorizing away the whole Hiflory of the Crucifixion of Jefus Chrifl at Jerufalem, and of his Refur- reftion and Afcenfion ; but this their Vindicators deny, and many of them have been very explicit in their "Acknowledg¬ ment of the Reality of that Hiftory; though they utterly de¬ ny, “ That the outward Perfon who fuffer’d his Body to he “ crucified by the Jews without the Gates of Jerufalem, is “ properly the Son of God.” It will not be difficult to coM how far they agree with the Church of England in the DoSrht of the full and fufficient Oblation and Satisfaction which Jefus Chrifl made for the Sins of all Mankind at his Death. As to. the Refurreliion of the Body, what they pofitively mean by it, they have never yet explained: Negatively they affert. That the fame Natural and Fleflly Body, which was here upon Earth, flail not rife ; and in that they, are very explicit, and pretend to prove their AfTertion from St. Ftsuh Account of tie Refurreflion. • A famous Leader of this Sett was one George Fox, a Journey¬ man Shoe-maker of Manchefler, who firft preach’d up thefe Doftrines at Derby, in the Year 16 ;o. He was a very illiterate Man, and fo continued to his Dying-day. At firft he was followed by feveral Mechanicks and Women in the North of England, who were accufed of Blafphemy', and himfelf was try’d for it at Laticafier, and acquitted. By Degrees they got Southward; and they are now reckoned to be above 50,000 in Great-Britain. For the firft ten Years after their Appearance, many of them in their Meetings were feized with fuch Grange Shakings and Convulftons, that they appeared to bepoffeffedi but thefe Motions have been long difufed : But from thence they had the Name of Quakers, which they have never taken to themfeives, but have affumed the Title of 1 8 | 2 +| 480 1 ii 3 1 j 1 1 20 ■ Note, That although the Apothecaries make up their Me¬ dicines by Troy-Weight, they buy their Drugs by Avoirdupiil; Weight. The Goldfmiths reckon 24 Grains make a Penny-Weight, 20 Penny-Weight 1 Ounce, 12 Ounces 1 Pound. Sp that tta? Bpoklll. OrG&EAT.BRITAIN. itf. ft i Pint. Gr. 1 1 | U [' i4P l576« I 'I 20 I 480 - ' I » I M By Avoirdupois- Weight are all other Things weighed, a$ Mer- cer y and Grocery-Ware, Metals, Wood, Tallow and theljke, which they account thus; 16 Drams make an Ounce; 16 Oun¬ ces aPound; 28 Pounds a Quarter; 4 Quarters a Hundred j 20 Hundred a Ton: So that there is in , fan. Hun. 2 >r. Pound. Ounces. Drams. The Troy Ounce is more than the Avoirdupois Ounce ; for 51 Ounces Troy are equal to 56 Ounces Avoirdupois. But the Avoirdupois Pound is more than the Troy Pound ; fo$ 14 Pounds Avoirdupois are equal to 17 Pounds Troy Weight. Note, That Bakers, who live in Corporation-Towns, make their Bread by. Troy. Weight; but they who live not in Corpora¬ tions, are to make it Avoirdupois Weight-, for Freemen are al¬ lowed 3 d. in the Bulhel more for Profit than thofe that are not free. , For Inllance, When the current Market-Price of middling Wheat is 4 s. per bulhel, a Freeman-Baker mull make a Penny Wheaten Loaf to weigh 11 Ounces Troy Weight, and three. Half-penny White-Loaves the like Weight; but they that are. notFree-men, muft make it as heavy as when theMarket-prkq is but 4r. 9 d. per Bulhel; and when itis ;s. per Bulhel, they mull out-weigh the Freeman’s Penny-loaf by ten Drams, and make their Houlhold Penny-loaf a Pound, or fixteen Ounces, Avoirdupois, and fourteen Drams. flS)fafuretf,l Meafures are either Applicative or Receptive. The fmalleil Applicative Meafure is a Barley-Corn, where¬ of three in Length make a Finger’s Breadth, or Inch-, four Inches make a Hand -, three Hands a Foot-, one Foot and a half makes a Cubit j two Cubits a Yard-, in a Yard are fixteen Nails *■ one Yard and a Quarter makes an Ell ; a Dutch Ell, or Stick, by which Tapeftry is meafured, is but ^ of a Yard ; five Foot. makes a Geometrical Pace; fix Foot a Fathom; fixteen Foot and. a half makes a Perch, Pole, or Rod-, but there are other cullo- maiy Perches, or Poles, via., eighteen Feet for Fens and Wood- •■■■' ..lands 156 €te Went fttate . Pani; land; twenty-one for Foreji, Lancajhire and Irijh Meafure, and j8-| Scotch: Forty Perch make a Furlongs eight Furlongs, 8r 320 Perches, make an Englijh Mile, which, according to tie Statute of 11 Hen. VII. ought to be 1760 Yards, 5280 Foot, that is 280, Foot more than the Italian Mile; 60 Miles (more exactly fixty-nine EhgUfi Whts and a half) make a Degree; and' 360 foch Degrees, or 24,840 Miles, compafs the whole Globe of the Earth. ' Horfes are meafured by the Hand, which is 4 Inches. For meafuring of Lari in England, forty Perches in Length, and four in Breadth, make an Acre of Land, focalled fromthe German Word Acker, and that from the Latin Word Ago-, thirty Acres ordinary make a Yard-Land ; an hundred Acres are accounted an Hide of Land; and fix hundred and fort/ Acres a Mile fijuare. ' A. fable of Long-Meafure. Bat Book III. oTG r e at-B ritain. 157 But in this, and alfo in fome Weights ana Meafures, the Cuftoffl of the Place is otherwife, which mull be regarded. In France, about Paris, 12 Inches make a Foot, 22 Foot-makes a Perch, and 100 Perches make an Arpent. Of Timber, '43 Foot folid make a Ton, and 53 Foot a Load. Receptive Meafure is two-fold; firft, of Liquid, or Moilt Things j fecondly, of Dry Things. The ordinary fmalleft receptive Meafure is called a Pint ; 2 Pints make a Quart-, 2 Quarts make a Pottle ; 2 Pottles niake a Gallon ; a Gallon of Beer, or the Meafure containing 282 fo¬ lid Inches, and holds of Rain-water 10 Pounds, 3 Ounces ,555 Avoirdupois ; 8 Gallons a Firkin of Ale; 2 fuch Firkins make a Kilderkin ; and 2 Kilderkins, or 32 Gallons, make a Barrel of Ale; and 12 Barrels a Laft ; 9 Gallons a Firkin of Beer; two fuch Firkins, or 18 Gallons, make a Kilderkin ; two fuch Kilderkins, or thirty-fix Gallons, make a Barrel of Beer; one Barrel and half,, or 54 Gallons, makes a Hopjbead ; 2 Hoglheads make a -Pipe or Butt; and 2 Pipes a 7#*; "cbnfift ing of 1728 Pints or Pounds; a Barrel of Butter or Soap is die fame with a Barrel of Ale. The EngliJh Wine Meafures are fmaller than thofe of Ale and Beer, and hold Proportion as about 4 to 5. So that 4 Gal¬ lons of Beer-Meafure are almoft 5 Gallons of Wine-Meafure, and. each Gallon' of Wine is 231 Cubical Inches, 8 Pounds, 1 Ounce, and n Drams Avoirdupois of Rain-Water. Of thefe Gallons a Runlet of Wine holds 18 ; half a Hogfhead 31 Gal¬ lons and a half; a Fierce of Wine holds 42 Gallons; a Hopjheai 63 Gallons; a Punchion 84Gallons '-,2 Pipe or Butt holds 126 ; and a Tun 252 Gallons, or.2016 Pints. To meafure dry Things, as Corn orGrain, there is firft the Gallon, which is bigger than the Wine-Gallon, and lefs than the Ale or Beer-Gallon, containing 2724 Cubical Inches, and 0 Pounds 13 Ounces, -12 Drams and a half of Avoirdupois Weight: Two of. thefe. Gallons make a Peck; four Pecks a Buhel-, four Bufhels the Comb or Cumock; two Curnocks make a Quarter, Seam, or Ruff ; and ten Quarters a Laft, which con- tains J120 Pints, and fo many Pounds Troy Weight; fo that a Garrifon of 5000 Men, allowing each but a Pound of Bread fir diem, will confume near a Laft, or 80 Bulhels, every Day ; wd 250 Men in. a Ship will drink a Tun of Beer in two Days, allowing each Man about a Pottle per Diem. ■ Meal is weighed as Corn, but the common Repute is, that j Gallon of Wheaten Meal weighs 7 Pounds Avoirdupois, and i Pounds, 6 Ounces, 4 Penny-weight Troy ; fo a Bufhel 56 rounds Avoirdupois, and 68-Pounds, 1 Ounce, 12 Penny-weight (ry. All other Grain, and fo likewife Salt, Linie, Coals, ouow this Meafure, which is called Wincbejler-Meafure. But to, that where Sea-Coal and Salt are meafured with this Buihel, . tu pgfent State Parti. Buihei, then they are heaped, or elfe there is allowed live Itriked Pecks to the Bilihel, and this is called Wdter-Meafure. 36 Bulhels are a Chaldron of Coals 1 and on Ship-board they allow 21 Chaldrons to the Score. Sj?0ncp»3 At firft all Nations bartered and exchanged one Commodity for another; but that being found troublefome, by a kind of Cuftom, good Liking, or Ufage, amongft all Civi- lized Nations, Silver and Gold, as molt'portable, pliable, and beautiful, and lefs fubjeft to Ruft, have been, as early as tie Days of Abraham, chofen to be the Inftruments of Exchange and Eftimation of all Things, and were at firft paid only by Weight, ’till, in Procefs of Time, the Way of Coining ot Stamping Monty was found out When Julius Cafar firft entered this Wand, the Britons ufed Brafs Money, and alfo Rings of Iron inftead of Money. And afterwards diverfe of their Kings and Queens coined Money of other Metals, of all which there are feveral Specimens yet re¬ maining in the Cabinets of the Curious; not to mention tie Roman Money, which by the great Quantities continually founds feems to have been of common Ufe. In the Time of King Richard I. Money coined in the Parts of Germany being for its Purity highly efteemed, fome of thole Eajlerlings were fent for over, and employed in out Mint, and from thence our Money was called Eafterling, ot Sterling Money, as fome think (as the firft Gold coined in England was by King Edward III. and thofe Pieces called fib- rentes, becaufe Florentines were the firft Coiners thereof); tho’ others fay of the Saxon Word Ster, Rule or Standard, front Steoran, to fleer, guide, govern; and a third Opinion is, that It is fo called from the Stars on the Saxon Pennies. Vid.-Chm. PrecioJ. p. 42, and 47. Wilber.] King Ednxard I. fince the Norman Conqueil, eftablifhed a certain Standard for Si her Coin in this Man¬ ner : 24 Grains make one Penny Sterling, 20 Penny-weight one Ounce, and 12 Ounces, or 5660 Grains make a Pm! Sterling, confifting of 20 r. Of thefe 12 Ounces, n Ounce two Penny-weight of Sterling was to be of fine Silver, and the Weight of 18 d. Sterling in Alloy the Minter added; fo that anciently a Pound Sterling was a Pound Troy Weight! whereas now a Pound Sterling is but the third Part of a Pot® ‘Troy. We had no Silver Money in the Saxon Times bigger than a Penny, nor after the Conqueil ’till Edward III. who abouttne Year 1351, coined Grojfe, i. e. Groats, or great-Pieces, which went for 4 d. a-piece ; and fo the Matter flood, ’till the -Reig 0 of Henry VII. who ih the Year 1504, firft coined Silver Piece* of 12/ Value, which we call Shillings. The Pound Weight Troy of Silver, fince theReign of Qi"® Elizabeth, hath been current at 62;. and the feveral Book HI- Of Great-Britain. t 5 g Coins now current in England, are the Crowns, or p. which is alfo the Ounce Troy, the Half-Crowns, Shillings, Six-pence* Four-pence, Three-pence, Two-pence, and one Penny. For the Coinage there was allowed zr. in the Pound Troy of Silver ; fo that the Merchant who brought in the Bullion, rece : "ed only .60 s. ft each, which made the Ounce to be juft rj. But by an Aft of Parliament, 1665, for Encouragement of Coinage, the Charge of Coinage was defrayed byanlm- pofition on Brandy, and nothing payable by the Bringer in of the Bullion ; fo that the Merchant receives 6 is. for every Troy of Bullion. Of later Time, in relation to the Ncceflity of the Poor, and Exchange of great Money, a fmall Piece of Copper, ailed a Farthing, or fourth Part of a Penny, hath been permitted to be coined ; and fo likewife an Half-penny, or Piece of two Farthings; but no Man is inforced to receive them in Pay for Rent or Debt above a Shilling; which can’e be affirmed of any other State or Nation in the Ghriftian World; in all which there are feveral forts of Copper Money as current with them for any Payment as the pureft Gold or Silver. The Pound Weight, or twelve Ounces Troy, of Gold, is divided into twenty-four Parts, which are called Carrots: So that each Carrot is Ten-penny Weight Troy, or half an Ounce; and this Cairat is divided into four Parts, which are called Carrat-Grains ; fo that the Carrot-Grain is 2 if. Weight and an half, or fixty ordinary Grains ; and the Carrot- Grain is divided into diverfe Parts; the Standard of Crown Gold is twenty-two Carrots of fine Gold, and two Carrots of Alloy in the Pound Weight Troy ; the Alloy of feme Gold Coins is all Silver, as the Guinea Gold, and fome all Copper, which renders the Gold Coins fome more white, fome more yellow. In England, at prefent, the Pound Weight Troy of Gold is cut into forty-four Parts and a half; each Part is to pafs for 2oj. and the half Part for 10 s. Yet now, by the Scarcity of Gold imported, each of the faid Tarts is current at 1 /, is. There are alfo coined fome Pieces of 40 s. and fome 100 s. which hold proportionably in Weight and Finenefs to the 20 r. Piece. ■ ' [ The Standard of Sterling Silver in England is eleven Ounces and 2 d. Weight of fine Silver, and 18 d. Weight of Alloy of Popper out of the Fire, and fo proportionably; fo that twelve Gunces of pure Silver, without any Alloy, is worth j/. 4*. ,6 and an Ounce is worth cu. yd. ol. but with Alloy is worth i“ ut 3/. and the Ouhce 5 s. The Spanijh, French and Flemijh Gold, is almoft of equal 'finenefs with the... L The Fnglijk Silver Money hath lefs of Alloy than the FrftwA l 6 o C&e lIMtot ®tate ' Parti, The Mowers divide the Pound Weight into twelve Ounce Troy. K Ounce \ Penny-weight/ The/ Grain rJle \Mite l Droite, C Perit . The Proportion of Gold to Silver in England, is as One to Fourteen, and about one Third; that is to fay, one Ounce of I Gold is worth in Silver fourteen Ounces, and about one Third, or 3 /. 14X. 2 d. of Englijb Money. . Since the Reiteration of . his lateMajelly King Charles tl.e Second, the Coining, and Stamping of Money by Hammers hath been laid afide, and all ftamped by a Mill, or Screw; whereby it comes to pafs, that our new Coins for Neatnef;, Gracefulnefs, and Security from Counterfeiting,' furpafs all the moft excellent Coins, not only of the Romans, but of all the Modem Nations of die World. But we muft not on this Subject forget, that fince the late Happy Revolution, the Silver Coin of this Kingdom wash miferably debafed by Clipping, that it was a Prejudice to all Trade, and indeed a! Scandal to the Nation. '' . “ It will (fays the excellent Author of the Chronical Prttli- “ fans) be much for the Honour of the late King Willim's “. Reign, to have remedied the greateft Abufe of Money that “ was ever known in England, at a Time of the greatel “ Danger and Expence, ,• with very little Grievance of the “ People. But, fure, it is better to prevent a moderate “ Mifchief, than to redrefs a great one ; and perhaps i 1 “ Proclamation of three or four Lines, forbidding any clipped “ Money to be received into the King’s Exchequer in i6qo, “ would have prevented the Clipping and Spoiling five Mil; “ lions. CHAP. III. Of Names > Titles of Honour , Privileges , &c. ■ <2nsli(I) iilamejs. N Omina, quaft Notamina, Names were firft impofed on Met for Dillinftion fake; by the Jews at theirCircumcifiom by the Romans at the Ninth Day after their Birth; and by the Chrijtians at their Bapdfm; of fuch Signification, for then® part, that might denote the future good Hope, or good Wl 6 of .Parents towards Children. Book III. Of GfcEAf-BRiiAtN. i 6 i The Englijh Names at Baptifm are generally either Saxon and Norman, as Robert, Richard, Henry, Williatn, Edward^ Edmond, Edwin, Gilbert, Walter, Leonard, &c. which are all very fignificative j or elfe (efpecially in latter Ages) out of the Old and New Teftament, Abraham, Ifaac, Jacob, John, Thomas, James, &c. or fometimes the Mother’s Sirname, efpecially if ftie has been an Heirefs, or of Superior Birth or Quality to her Hulband, and rarely two Chriftian Names, which yet is ufual in other Countries, efpecially in Germany. 5&ir*$ame0.] Names fuperadded to the Chriftian Names, the French call Sir-names (i. e.) Super Nomina. The Hebrews, Greeks, and moft other Nations had no Sir- names fixed to their Families, as in thefe Days, but counted thus: For Example, among the Hebrews, Melchi Ben Addi, Addi Ben Cafam, &c. So the Britons, Hugh ap Q-wen, ap Owen ap Rhefe. So the Irijh, Neal mac Con, Con mac Dermoti, &c. As Chriftian Names were firft given for Diftin&ion of Per- fons, fo Sir-names for Diftindlion of Families. About Anno iooo the French Nation began to take Sir- names with De prefixed of a Place, and Le prefixed for fom« other Qualifications, as at this Day is their ufual Manner. The Englijh alfo took to themfelves Sir-names, but not gene¬ rally among the common People ’till after the Reign of Ed¬ ward the Firft. Great Offices of Honour have brought diverfe Sir-names, as Edward Fita-Theobald being long ago made Butler of Ire¬ land, the Duke of. Ormond and his Anceftors defending from him, took the Sirname of Butler. . So John Count TankerniUe of Normandy being made' Chamberlain to the King of Eng¬ land, about 400 Years ago, his Defendants of Sherbom-Cajlle in Oxfordjhire, lately extinft, and of Prefibitry, Maugerbury, and Oddington in Gloucefierjhire, from whom the Author of this Book was defended, bear Hill the fame Coat of Arms, by the Name of Chamberlayne. As firft, for Sir-names the Englijh Gentry took the Name of their Birth-place, or Habitation, as Thomas of Afton, or Eajl-Town, John of Sutton, or South-Town, Henry of Watton, or Wood-Town ; and as they altered their Habitation, fo they altered their Sir-names. After, when they became Lords of ?laces, they called themfelves Thomas AJlon of Afion, John Sutton of Sutton, Henry Wotton of Wotton. The Saxons Common People (as do the Generality of the Dstch, Germans, Danes, IJlanders, and Swedes, to this Day) for iur-names, added their Father’s Name with fon at the End thereof, as Thomas Johnfon, Robert Richard/on ; and fometimes Mother's Name in like manner, as Bettifon, Nelfon, and mrgetfon ; they alfo oft took their Father’s Nick-name, or Ab¬ breviation with Addition of s, as Gibs the Nick-name, or Ab¬ breviation of Hobs of Robert, Nicks of Nicholas, Bates 162 Cfje piefcnt ®tate Part I. of Bartholomew, Sams of Samuel, Hodges of .Rwrr, Sanders of Alexander, and thence alfo Gibfon, Hobfon, Nickfon, Baffin, Samfon, Hodfon, Saunderfon, and Hutchenfon, &c. Many were alfo firnamed from their Trade, as Smith, Joiner, Wea¬ ver, Walker (that is Fuller in Old Englijh, and Goff, that is Smith in Welch, &c.) or from their Offices, as Porter, Stew¬ ard, Shepherd, Carter, Spencer (that is. Steward) Cook, Sutler, Kemp (that is, in Old Englijh, Soldier) or from the Place of Abode, as Underwood, Underhill; alfo Atwood, At¬ well, Athill, which three laft are fhrunk into Wood; Wells, Hill-, or from their Colour, or Complexion, as Fairfax, that is, Fairlocks ; Pigot, that is. Speckled -, Blunt, or Blund, that is, Flaxen-hair: So (tom Birds, as Arundel, that is, Swatlm ; Corbet, that is, Raven -, Wren, Finch, Woodcock, &c. So from Bealls, as Lamb, Fox, Moyle, that, is, Mule: From Colours, as, Black, White, Brown, Red, Green -, from the Wind, as EaJI, Weft, North, and South : Sometimes from Saints, as St. John, St. George, St. Leger, St. Amand, Seymour, (/. e. St. Maur),kt. The Normans, at their firft coming into England, brought Surnames for many of their Gentry, with De prefixed, as thi French do generally at this Day, and their Chriftian Names were generally Scandic, they being originally defcended from Norway, inhabited by the Progeny of & Old Scandltns and fome, forabount 200 Years after theConqueft, took for Sir- names their Father’s Chriftian Name, with Fitss, or Fils, pre¬ fixed, as Robert Fitz-Williams, Henry Fitz-Gerald, which is as much as Williamfon, Gerardfon, See. The Brit011s, or Weljh, more lately refined, did not take Sir- names ’till of late Years, and that for the moft part, only by leaving out a in ap, as annexing to p their Father’s Chriftian Name; as inllead of Evan ap Rice, now Evan Price , foinftead of ap Howel, Powel ; ap Rsigh,Pugb-,ap Rogers, Progers, &c. The moft ancient Families, and the beft Account for Sir- names in England, are either thofe that are taken from Places in Normandy, and thereabouts in France, and from fome other Tranfmarine Countries, or elfe from Places in England and Scotland, as Evereux, Chaworth, Nevil, Montagu, Na- hun, Biron, Bruges, Clifford, Berkley, Anvers, Arcy, Sturton, Morley, Courtney, See. which anciently had all De prefixed, but of latter Times generally neglefled, or made one Word; as Devereux, Danvers, Darcy, See. unlefs we Ihould more efteem thofe whofe Anceftors were of great Account here.be- fore the Norman Conqueft, and their Pofterity have Hill ft ou ‘ rilhed ever lince, as Arden, AJhburnham, &c: Titles of Honour , and Degrees of Nobility. PI E Nobility of England are called the Peertsgt A of England, becaufe they are all Pares Rtg n ‘1 that is, Nobilitate Pares, though gradu Imparts. e TDfgjetf*] BbofcIII. (if GreAt-Br iTAiN. i63 IBffljectf.] The Degrees of the Engli/h Nobilily, are only jive, Duke, Marquifs, Earl, Vifeount, and Baron. ©UBfi] A Duke, in Latin, Dux j a ducendo 5 in High-Datcbi Btrifig, which alfo fieniftes the Leader of an Army; Noble¬ men being anciently either Generals and Leaders of Armies in Time of War, or Wardens of Marches and Govemours of Provinces in Time of Peace, afterwards made fo for Term of Life ; then held by Lands arid Fees; at length Hereditary and'Titular. A Duke is at this Day created by Patent ; anciently by Cin- flurt of Sword, Mantle of State, Impofition of a Cap and Coronet of Gold on'his Head, and a Verge of Gold put into his Hand. His Mantle is guarded with four Guards. His Title is Grace. His Coronet hath only Leaves without Pearls. farqtlife.] Marcbio, a Marquifs, was firft fo called from Ik Government of Marches and' Frontier Countries. A Marquifs is created by Patent; anciently by Cinfture of Sword, a Mantle of State, Impofition of a Cap of Honour, with a Coronet, and Delivery of a Charter or Patent. His Mantle is double Ermin, three Doublings and an half. His Title is Moji Noble. _ _ : His Coronet hath Pearls and Strawberry-Leaves intermixed round of equal Height. CarljBf.] Earls, anciently called Comites, becaufe they were wont ainitari Regem, to wait upon the King for Counfel and Advice. The Germans call them Graves, as Landgrave, Mar- imi, Palfgrave, Rheingrave; the Saxons, Eartdormen, unlefs that Title might 'be more properly applied to our Dukes; the Dam, Eorlas; and' the Englijh, Earls. They had anciently, for the Support of their State, the third Penny out of the She¬ a's Court, iffuing out of the Pleas of the Shire, whereof they had their Title; but now it is othenvife: For whereas heretofore Comes and Comitates were Correlatives, and there was no Comes, or Earl, but had a County or Shire for his Earldom, of latter Years the Number of the Earls encreafing, and no more Counties left, diveffe made choice of fome emi- #cn t Part of a County, as Lindfey, Holland, Cleveland, Cra- ™>; fome of aleffer Part, as Stafford, a'Wapentake in York* &c. Others have chofen for their Title fome eminent Town, as Marlborough, Exeter, Bridgwater, Brijiol, &c. And we of late have taken for their Title the Name of a fmall their own Seat, or Park, ifc. as Qodolpbin, Bolton, warmth)!, Mulgrave, Danby, Wharton, Cholmondeley.. An Earl is created by Patent. All the Earls of England are local, or denominated from j e Shire, Town, or Place, except three, whereof one is “monal, as th vEarl-Marjhal of England, who-is not only Ho- M 2 norary. 164 E&efiefetitState . Parti, norary, as all the reft, but alfo Officiary. The others are No¬ minal, viz. Earl Rivers, and Earl Pou/et, who take their De- nomination from illuftrious Families, as the reft do from font noted Place. An Earl’s Mantle hath three Doublings of Emin. 1 His Title is Right Honourable. His Coronet hath the Pearls raifed upon Points, and Lawn low between. ©ifCOUnt.] Viceconies, qttafi Vice Comitis gubernatum Ci- mitatum. Vi/counts are ftiled by the King Confanguinei nojiri. On Coufins; and his Title is' Right Honourable. A Vijcount is made by Patent, as an Earl is. His Mantlelhath two Doublings and an half of plain white Fur ; his Coronet only pearled with a Row of Pearls, without certain Number, ■ clofe to the Chaplet. 3Baron.] In the Laws of the Longabaris, and of the Kir- mans, this Word was ufed for Var, as at this Day, Bam, or, Varan, in the Spanijh Tongue, is ufed for the fame; fo that Baron is Vir, Vir Notabilis & Principalis. So the chief Burgelfes of London anciently, and ilill thofe of the Cinque-Ports, are called Barons. Barons in the Beginning of the Reign of Henry III, tvete not of fo much Repute as afterwards, when that King, after that "great Rebellion was fupprelTed, called by Writ onto Parliament only fuch Great Men as had continued loyal. The Earl Palatines, and Earl Marches of England, had anciently alfo their Barons under them. In Cheshire there art yet fuch Barons: But as no Bifhop but thofe that hold immedi¬ ately of the King are Peers of the Realm (for the Bifhop ofSi- der and Man holding immediately of the Earl of Derby is no Peer of England) To no Barons but thofe that hold immedi¬ ately of the King are Peers of the Realm. Barons are fometimes made by Writ, being thereby called to fit in the higher Houfe of Parliament; but moil ufually by Patent. A Baron’s Title is Right Honourable. . He hath two Guards, or Doublings, on his Mantle. His Coronet hath fix Pearls upon the Circle, given to tbit Degree by King Charles II. AH the forementioned 'Degrees have Title of Lord, ft® the Saxon Word Hlaford, Danisms. All the Lords of England, both Spiritual and Temporal,as Feudataries to the King, and in their Creation, and alfo ® their Succeffion, do fwear an Oath of Fealty, and do Homage to the King their Sovereign, and pay certain Duties, as Si{® and Symbols of their Subjedtion to their Prince. Book III. Of Great-Britain. 165 All Honours of England are givenby the King, who is the foie Fountain of Honour. The Laws of England prohibit all Subjefts of the Realm to receive any Hereditary Tide of Honour, or Dignity, of the Gift of any Foreign Prince, or Emperor, without the Con- lent of their own Sovereign. None of thefe Honours bellowed by the King on a Fami¬ ly can be loft, but by want of Iffue Male, nor then neither, if the Patent extends to Iffue Female, as fometimes it doth, or elfe by fome heinous Crime, and then that Family cannot be reftored to their Blood by Parliament. The Nobility of England have in all Times enjoyed many confiderable Privileges. All the Peers of the Realm being looked on as the King’s Hereditary conllant Counfellors, their Perfons out of Par¬ liament-time are privileged (as others in Parliament - time) from all Arrefts, unlefs for Treafons, Felony, or Breach of Peace, Condemnation in Parliament, or Contempt to the King. No Supplicatime can be granted againft them; no Capita or Exigent fued out againft them for Aftions .of Debt or Trefpafs j no EJfoin lies againft any Peer of the Realm. In Criminal Caufes, Treafon, or Felony, they cannot be tried by any other Jury, but by a Jury of Peers of the Realm, who are not, as other Juries, to be put to their Oath, but their Ver- dift given in upon their Honour fufEceth. In Civil Caufes they are not to be impannell’d upon any Jury, nor upon any In- queils ie faSo, though in a Matter between two Peers. In cafe any Peer be returned upon any fuch Jury, there is a fpecial Writ for his Difcharge. They are upon no Cafe to be bound to their good Beha¬ viour, nor put to fivesr they will not break the Peace, but only to promife it upon their Honour, which was ever account¬ ed fo Sacred, as upon no Terms to be violated. Every Peer of the Realm called to Parliament hath the Privilege in his lawful Abfencc to conftitutc a Proxy to vote for him, which none of the Commons may do. The Title of Lord is due to all Barons, and to none other befides Bilhops, and fome Great Officers of the Kingdom. Only of Courtefy the Title of Lord is given to all the Sons of Dukes and Marquijfes, and to the eldeft Sons of Earls, and none under. Ah Banns of England are exempted from all Attendance at Mtriff’s Tourns, or any Letts, where others are obliged to lie Oath of Allegiance. A hccr can’t be outlawed in any Civil Aftion, becaufe he can t be arrefted by any Capias ; and by the fame Reafon ® e re lies no Attachment againft him. 1.66 Wp l^feut $tafce Pan I. A Peer mute upon his Trial, lhall be convift, butnotpreffed to Death, as a Commoner is; and when under Sentence of Death, it has been cultomary only to behead them. - For the fuppreflmg of Riots and Routs, the Sheriff may raifethe PofeComitatur, that is,all able Men are to aflill him . t yet may not the Sheriff command the Perfon of any Peer of the Realm to attend that Service. In any Civil Trial where a Peer of the Realm is Plaintiff or Defendant, there mull: be returned of the Jury at leaft. one Knight, otherwife the Array may be qualhed by Challenge. The Laws of England are fo tender of the Honour, Credit, Reputation, and Perfons of Noblemen, that there is a Statute on purpofe to hinder all Offence by falfe Reports, whereby any Scandal to their Perfons may arife, or Debate and Dif- cord between them and the Commons: And becaufe it is to defend not only Lay-Lords, but Bifhops, and all Great Officers pf the ‘Realm, it is called Scandalum Magnatm. TheHoufesof Peers can’t, in fome Cafes, as in Search for •prohibited Books, &c. be entered by Officers of Juftice with¬ out a -Warrant under the King’s own Hand, and the Hands of Six -of his Privy-Council, whereof four to be Peers of the Realm. No Peer can be afleffed towards the Standing Militia but by fix or more of themfelves. The Law allowing any one of the Commonalty, being ar¬ raigned for Felony or Treafon in favorem vitee, to challenge thirty-five of his Jury, without (hewing Caufe, and others by (hewing Caufe ; yet allows not a Peer of the Realm to chal¬ lenge any of his Jury, or put any of them to their Oath, the Daw prefuming, that they being all Peers of the Realm, and judging upon their Honour, cannot be guilty of Faljhood, fa¬ vour, or Malice. All Peers of the Realm have a Privilege of qualifying ac£r ‘ tain Number of Chaplains, who after a Difpenfation from the Archbifliop, if to him itfeems good, and the fame ratified un¬ der the Great-Seal of England, may hold Plurality of Benefices »vithin fuch a Diftance, with Cure of Souls. In this Manner every Duke piay qualify Six Chaplains, every Marquis andEad five apiece, every Vifcount four, and every Baron three. In Cafe of Amercements of the Peers of the Realm upon Non-fuits,- or other Judgments, a Duke is to be amerced only ten Pounds, and all under, only five Pounds; and this to be done by their Peers, according to Magna Charla ; altho’ it h often done now by the King’s Juflices inftead of their Peers, particularly by the Barons of the Exchequer, becaufe formerly there fat no other in that Court but Barons of England ; and now the ufual Amercement of a Duke is ico Pounds, and ot a Baron, not lefs than 5 Pounds. Only Book III. flf Great-Britain. 167 Only it was once indulged by Queen Mary the Firft, for fome eminent Services performed by Henry Ratcliff, Earl of Sufex, that (by Patent) he might at any time be covered in her Prefence ; but, perhaps, in Imitation of the like Liberty allowed by King Philip, her Hufoand, and other Kings of Spain, at this Day, to fome of the jirincipal Nobility there, called Grandees of Spain. If an Appeal of Murder, or Felony, be fued by any com¬ mon Perfon againft a Peer of the Realm, he (hall be tried by Commoners, and not by Peers, as was the Cafe of Fines, Lord Dacres, faith Guillim. ^ecenence.] Touching the Places or Precedencies amongft the Nobility of England, it is to be obferved,. that after & King and Princes of the Blood, viz. the Sons, Grandfons, Brothers, Uncles, or Nephews of the King, and no farther, and after the two Archbiihops, Dukes amongft the Nobility- have the firft. Place ; then Marquiffes, Dukes eldeft Sons, Earls, Marquiffes eldeft Sons, Dukes younger Sons, Vifcounts, Earls eldeft Sons, Earls younger Sons, Vifcounts eldeft Sons, Barons eldeft Sons, Knights of the Garter, quatenus tales, Privy-Counfellors, Chancellor and Under-Treafurer of the Ex¬ chequer, Chancellor of the Dutchy, Lord Chief-Juftice of the King’s-Bench, Mafter of the Rolls!, Lord Chief-Juftice of the Common-Pleas, Lord Chief-Baron of the Exchequer, other judges and Barons of the Degree of the Coif of the faid Courts, Bannerets made under the King’s Banner or Standard difplayed in an Army Royal in open War and the King per- fonally prefent ; Vifcounts younger Sons, Barons youngerSons, Baronets, Mailers in Chancery, Knights Bannerets of a mean Creation, Knights of the Bath, Knights Batchelors, Colonels, Serjeants at Law, Dodtors, Efquires, Lieutenant-Colonels, Majors, Captains, Gentlemen, lAc. Moreover obferve, that all Nobles of the fame Degree take Place according to the Seniority of their Creation. The Lord-Chancellor, the Lord-Treafurer, Lord-Prefident of the King’s Council, Lord Privy-Seal, thefe being Barons, or above, (hall in Parliament fit above all Dukes, except the Son, Brother or Nephew of the King. The Lord High-Steward of England is not here named, be- caufe it was intended that he (hould not continue beyond the Occafion for which he Ihould be made. Next hath Place the Lord Great-Chamberlain of England, men the Lord High-Conftable, the Earl-Marfhal, the Lord High-Admiral, Lord Steward of the King’s Houlhold, Lord Chamberlain of the King’s Houlhold j thefe (hall fit after the Lord Privy-Seal, above all of their Degree only. And if “e King’s principal Secretary of State be a Baron, he takes ™ ce °f all Barons that are not of the Offices before-men- M 4 tioned; i68 C6e pjefent State Parti. tionedj but if he be aVifcount, or of higher Degree, he (half take Place only according to his Degree. Alfo, if the King’s Secretary be a Biihop, as anciently was ufual, he takes Place next to the Biihop of Wincbefter, before all other Bifhops that have none'of the Offices aforefaid. All Dukes, Marquiffes, Earls, Vifcounts, and Barons, not ■ having any of the faid Offices, lhall take Place according to jhe Seniority of their Creation. gjtate.] There are certain Marks of State belonging to each Degree among the Nobility, which they may pra&ife or not prafme at Plealure. ©tike*] The firft Duke in England, after the Entrance of the Norntan Race, was Edward the Black Prince, created Duke of Cornwal in the nth of Edward III. A Duke may have, in all Places out of the King’s Prefence, a Cloth of State hanging down within half a Yard of the Ground; fo may his Dutchefs, and her Train borne up by a Baronefs} and noEatl is to walh with a Duke, without the Duke’s Permiffion. 95arqUife.] Robert deVere, Earl of Oxford, in the 8th of Richard the Second, was created Marquifs of Dublin-, and was . the firft Marquifs that any of our Kings created. A Marquifs may have a Cloth of State reaching within a Yard of the Ground, and {hat in all Places out of the Prefence of the King, or a Duke; and hi? Marchionefs to have her Train borne by a Knight’s Wife, out of the Prefence of her Superi¬ ors, and in their Prefence by a Gentlewoman: And noVifcount is to walh with a Marquifs, but athisPleafure. Carl.] Earl was the molt eminent Dignity in England from William I. ’till Edward III. when the Black Prince was created Duke of Cornwal: And thofe which in ancient Times were cre¬ ated Counts, or Earls, were of the Blood Royal; for which Reafon our Monarchs, even to this Day call them, in all pub- lick Writings, our moft dear Coufin. They anciently did, and ftill may, ufe the Stile of Nos. Hugh Lupus, Son of the Vif- count Averenches in Normandy, by his Wife, William the Firft’s Sifter, was the firft Hereditary Earl of England, created by his Uncle William I. Earl of Chefier. An Earl may alfo have a Cloth of State without Pendants, but only Fringe; and a Countefs may have her Train borne by an Efquire’s Wife out of the Prefence of her Superiors, and in their Prefence by a Gentleman. mifcount] Vifcount is a Title of Honour never heard of in England ’till Henry Vlth’s Days; for the firft Vifcount that ever fat in Parliament by that Name, was John Beatontnl, who in the 18th of Henry VI. was created Vifcount. A Vif¬ count may have a Cover of Effayholden under his Cup while he drinks, but no Effay taken as Dukes, Marquiffes and Earn may have, and may have a Travers inhisownHoufe; and a Vifcoimtefs m,a_v have her Gown borne up by a Woman, Book III. of G R E A T-B RI T AIN. 169 oat of the Prefence of her Superiors, and in their Prefence by a Man. Baton.] Barons include the whole Nobility of England, and were called ly Writ of Summons to Parliament: Before they were created by Letters Patents; RicbardJX. created John Beau- mnt of Holt-Cajile, Baron of Kideminjler, who was the firft Baron made by Letters Patents. A Baron may alfo have the Cover of his Cup holden underneath whilft he drinks ; and a Baronefs may have her Gown borne up by a Man in the Pre¬ fence of a Vifcountefs. Ail Nephews and Grandfons of a King are bom as Arch- Dukes, and have Title of Highnefs ; their Caps of State in¬ dented. All Dukes eldeft Sons are-bom and haveTitle of .Marquifles, and the younger as Lords, with the Addition of their Cbriftian Names, as Lord Thomas, Lord John, he. A Marquifs’s eldeft Son is called Lord of a Place, and by the Courtefy of England, Earl, and is to go as an Earl, but fhall give Place to an Earl j and the younger Sons Lords; as. Lord Timas, Lord John, &c. An Earl’s eldeft Son is born as a Vifcount, and lhall go as a Vifcount, fo their younger Sons fhall go before all Baronets: And an Earl’s eldeft Son is called Lord of a Place, and all his Daughters Ladies; but his youngeft Sons not Lords. A Vifcount’s eldeft Son is no Lord, nor his Daughters La¬ dies ; and therefore the eldeft Son and the eldeft Daughter of the firft Vifcount of England, is faid to be the firll Gentleman and Gentlewoman without Title in England-, yet a Vifcount’s eldeft Son is faid to be born as a Baron. A Nobleman, whether Englijb or Foreign, who hath his Title of Nobility only from a foreign Monarch or State, though he comes into England by the King’s fafe Conduct, and though the King ftile him by his Title of Dignity, yet in all our Law- Proceedings no notice is taken of his Nobility. AW alfi. That the higheft and loweft Degrees of Nobility- are univerfally acknowledged; for a Knight, Englijb or Fo- nigmr, is a Knight in all Nations. Alfo, if the Emperor or any Foreign King come into this Realm by fafe Conduft, as he ought (for a King or Abfolute Prince, though he be in league, may not enter this Land without Licence) in this Cafe he lhall here fue, and be ufed by the Name of Emperor or i?’, or clfe the Writ fhall abate. Guillim, p. 17. Menue.] The Weight and intrinfick Value of a Pound ilf'J‘"S was anciently Three Pounds of our prefent Money j >ae p. 156.) and it appears from the then Price of all Things, p a Pound Sterling then was equivalent to Nine or Ten ounds Sterling now [Vide Chron. Pret.) So that twenty Pounds iw t ' n ^d, which was a Knight’s Fee, would be about ' 0 hundred now. A Baron was to have thirteen Knights I'JO 'Ctel^e&ntdtfitc Parti, Pees, and one Third, which amounted to about 267 Pounds then,' or 2670 Pounds now j and an Earl twenty Knight’s Fees; a Duke forty; and in cafe of Decay of their Rwenues, that their Honours could not decently be maintmjttd(as thefc man Senators were in fuch Cafes removed fronrthe Senate) fo fometimes fome Englijh Barons have not been admitted to fni n the higher Houfe of Parliament, though they kept the Name and Title, or Dignity dill. The Engli/h Nobility for Valour, Wifdom, Integrity and Honour, hath in all former Ages been equal; to any in Chrifiendom. CHAP. IV. Of the Commons of England, and therein 1} Baronets , Knights, Efquires, Gentlemen, Yeotm , Citizens, Handicrafts, &c. T HE Law of England, contrary to the Laws and Cuftoms of other Countries, calleth none Noble under a Bam ; fo that not only all Baronets, all forts of Knights, all Efquires and Gentlemen, but alfo the Sons of the Nobility, are by out Law reckoned amongft the Commons of England j as in Rm there was a middle Rank, inter Senatores £jf Plebem, namely, the Ordo Equeftris-, fo in other Chriftian Kingdoms they are Riled Nobiles Minores. The lower Nobility then of England confifts of Bamili, Knights, Efquires, and Gentlemen. Baronet*.] The next Degree to Barons, are Baronets, which is the loweft Degree of Honour that is Hereditary: They are conftituted in the room of the ancient Vahiafors, between tie Barons of England and the Orders of Knights. Now this Ho¬ nour was firft inflituted by King James I. Anno 1611. given by Patent to a Man and the Heirs Male of his own Body law¬ fully begotten; for which each one is obliged to pay into the Exchequer as much as will, for three Years at 8 d. per il”, pay 30 Foot-Soldiers to ferve in the Province of Vlfter in In¬ land i which Sum amounts to 1095 1 . which is now always re¬ mitted. Baronets have Precedence before all Knights, except Knights of the Garter, Knights who are Privy-Counfellors, or Knights Bannerets, made under the King’s Banner or Standard djfphj'- ed in an Army Royal in open War, and the King perfonally prefent. Baronets and their eldeR Sons, being of full Age, may cla ® Knighthood. BaretiH Book III. Of G;r f A T-fi R .TT AIN. 171 ftaronets have theprivilege to bear in,a,Canton t of their,Coat of Arms, or in a whole Efcutcheon, theArtnsof XJlfter,, via. a Field Argent, aHandGules. Alfo in the King’s Armies, rohave,a Placein the Grofs near the King’s Standard, with fome Particulars for their Funerals. The .whole Number of Baronets in England were not to ex¬ ceed two Hundred at one and the fame Time ; 'but now their Numheris without Limitation: Their Qualifications are. That they be of good Reputation, and .defended of a Grandfather, at leaft by the Father’s Side, that bore Arms, and have alfo a yearly Revenue of 1000 /. per Annumde.claro. They take Place according to the Priority of the Date of their Patents, The Title is Sir, granted to Baronets by a peculiar Claufe in their Patent of Creation, though they be not dubhed Knights; and their Wives are Ladies. No Honour is ever to be created between Baronets and Barons. The firil Baronet that was created was Sir Nicholas Bacon of Suffolk, whofe Succeflor is -therefore ftiled Primus Baronetorum Anglia. |yiiRf)t.] The Word Knight is derived from the German Word Knecht, dignifying originally a Lujiy Servitor} afterwards commonly uled for a Soldier, or Man of War. A Knight-is at this Day expreffed in Latin, French, Sfanijh, Mian, and alfo in the High and Low Dutch Tongues, by a Word that properly fignifies an Horfeman, becaufe they were wont to ferve on Horfeback: Yet our Common-Law ftiles them Milites, Soldiers, becaufe they commonly held Lands in Knights Service, to ferve the King in his Wars as Soldiers. The Honour of Knighthood is commonly given for fome per- fonalDefert, and therefore dies with the Perfon defervirig, and defcends not to his Son. &mgt)f£ pf tije d&arter.] In England there are feveral forts of Knights, whereof the Chiefeftare thofe of the-Order of St. George, commonly called, Knights of the Garter. This Order is efteemed the mod Honourable, and moll An¬ cient of any Lay-Order now in Ufe in Gbriftendom: It began, as appears in the Statutes pf this Order, in 1550, 50 Years before the Inftitution of the French Order of St. Michael by lewis II. 80 Years before the Order of the Golden Fleect was inftituted by Philip the Good of Burgundy ; 190 Years be¬ fore King James V. refined the Order of St. Andrevo in Scotland j and 209 Years before the King of Denmark began die Order of the Elephant; and the 23d Year of the Warlike and Puifiant King Edouard III. who triumphed feveral times over France and Scotland, who kept Prifoners at one Time in England King John of France, and King David of Scot- W j and who, by his Son Edouard the Black Prince, expelled •be Rebels of Cafile, and inthroned Don- Pedro their lawful 172 ®{je pjefeitt State Parti. King. He that did thefe Mighty and Glorious Exploits, was the Founder of the Mofi Noble Order of the Garter. It was face commonly called. The Order of the Garter, b caufe this only Part of die whole Habit of the Order was made choice of at firft to be conftantly wom. The Motto of the Order is, Honi foit qui maly penfi, i. e , Shame be to him who thinks ill of it. TheReafon why this Motto was put in French was, becaufe then the King of England being poffeffed of a great Pan of France, not only our Laws, Pleadings and Sermons were in French, but that was the ordinary Language in the Court of England. It appears by ancient Writings, that this Honourable Com. pany is a College, or Corporation, having a Great Seal be¬ longing to it, and a Little Seal: It confifts of the Sovereign, who is always the King of England, and of twenty-live Com¬ panions, called Knights of the Garter; of a Dean and twelve Canons, befides Petty-Canons, Vergers, and other inferior Officers, and of twenty-fix poor Knights, who have no other Maintenance but the Allowance of this College, which ir given them in refpeft of their Prayers for the Welfare of the Sovereign and Companions, and as a Reward for Military Service. The Society is enfituled to St. George, who hath been ac¬ counted (as St. Dennis is of France, St. Andrew of ScoiU, St. Patrick of Ireland, St. fames of Spain, &c.) the Tutelar Saint Patron of England, and of this Order in particular. There be alfo certain Officers belonging to this Office, as the Prelate of the Garter, the Bilhop of Winchefier, which Office is fettled on that Bifhoprick : A Chancellor of the Garter, the Bilhop of Salijbury, which Office did anciently belong to the Bilhop of Salijbury, and was by King Charles II. re-annexed to that See: A Regifter, Dean of Windfor ; which Office be¬ longs to the Deanry.: The principal King at Arms, called Gar¬ ter, whofe chief Funflion is to manage and marlhal their So¬ lemnities at their Inftallation and Feafts: Lalbly, the UJhtr tf the Garter, Ulher of the Black-Rod. The College is feated in the Caftle of Windfor, with the Chapel of St. George, there erefted by Edward HI. and the Chapter-Houfe. The Order of the Garter was wont to be bellowed upon the moll excellent and renowned Perfons for Honour and Virtue; and with it a blue Garter deck’d with Gold, Pearls, and precious Stones, and a Buckle of Gold to be wom daily on the left Leg ; alfo at high Feafts they are to wear a Sur- coat, a Mantle, a high black Velvet Cap, a Collar of SS's, eompofed of Rofes enamelled red, with a Garter enamelled blue, with the ufual Motto in Letters of Gold, and between Book III. Of Great-Britain. 173 each of thefe Garters, a Knot with Taffels of Gold, together with other (lately and magnificent Apparel. They are not to be feen abroad without their Garter upon their left-Leg, upon Pain of paying 6 s. id. to the Regifter ; only in taking a Journey, a blue Ribbon under the Boot doth Mice. On the Left-fide of the Bread, upon a Cloak, Coat, or Riding-Caffock in all Places of Affembly, when', they wear not their Robes, they are to wear that Ornament and Imbellifh- ment now worn, and called the Star, or. rather the Sun in its Glory, of Silver Embroidery ; and they ordinarily wear the Piflure of St.. George, enamelled upon Gold, and befet with Diamonds, at the End of a blue Ribbon that erodes their Bodies from the left Shoulder. The greateft Monarchs of Chriftendam have been enrolled, and have taken it for an Honour to be of this Order. There have been of this Order, fince the. Inditution, eight Emperors, twenty-feven, or twenty-eight, Foreign Kings, be- fides many Sovereign Princes, &c. None can be of this mod Honourable Order that have been convicted of Herefy, of Treafon, or of Cowardife. Kite, That anciently Kings and Princes were placed accord¬ ing to their Creation, but now thofe only are placed according to their Degrees. See more of this Noble Order in the Inditution,; Laws and Ceremonies of the Noble Order of the Garter, written by Elias AJhmle, Efq; Folio. femgl)t0*&anneret0.] In the next Place are Knights- Bannerets, Equites Vexilliferi, anciently made only in the Field in Time of War ; an high Honour, now obfolete, there;being at this Time none of this Order in England. Thefe may bear their Arms with Supporters, and none under this Degree. . . ftnigljt# Of ttje ISatl).] Knights of the Bath, fo called.of their Bathing, ufed before they were created. The fird of this Sort were made by Henry IV. Anno 1399, who preparing for. his Coronation, made forty-fix Knights at the ‘Tower that were hathed, though Bathing was ufed in making Knights-Batchelors long before that Time in France, and probably in England.. See Selden’j Tit. of Hon'. p. 2.c. 5. § %\and 45. They were afterwards made at the Coronation of a King or Queen, or Coronation of a Prince of Wales, or Duke of the Royal Blood. They wear a Scarlet Ribbon Belt-wife. They were made with much Ceremony, too long to be deferibed here. See at large- in Dngdale 's Defcription of Warwickjhire. (.This Order was revived by King George I. on the. feven- teenth of June 1723, when 18 Noblemen, and as many Com-, moners of the fird Rank were Mailed Knights of the Or¬ der I 174 pefent State Part i. der with 'great Ceremony at Weftminfter. [See the Lift of the Knights of the Bath at the End of this Part.] =KniSi)t0=>10atd)ElO?0v] Other Knights, called Equites Au- tati, for the gilt Spars ufually pat upon them, and Knights- Batchelars: Thefe were anciently made : by girding witlv the Sword and gilt Spurs; and this Honour was bellowed only upon Sword-men for their Military Service, or upon Children who came of Noble and Puiflant Parentage, to encourage them when they grew up to do like their Anceftors. This' was reputed an excellent and glorious Degree, and a noble Reward for couragious Perfons: But of late being made more common, and bellowed upon Gown-men, contrary to the Nature of the Thing (as Degrees in the Uhiverfities are fometimes bellowed on Sword-men) it is become of much left Reputation in England than it hath been, altho’ it be dill ac¬ counted an honourable Degree both in England and Foreign Countries; yet amonglt Gown-men, it is given only to Lawyers and-Phyficians, and- fometimes to Artifts, as Painters, Mathe¬ maticians, &c. Thefe are now made'with no other Ceremony but Kneeling down, the King, with a drawn Sword, lightly touching them on the Shoulder; after which-the King heretofore faid in French, Seis Chevalier au Nam de Dieu, and-then, Advance Chevalier. Knights have the Title of Sir, as Sir A. B. Knight, which is very ancient. When a Knight-is to fuffer Death for any foul Crime, his Military Girdle is firll to be ungirt, his Sword taken away, his Spurs cut off with an- Hatchet, his Gauntlet' pluck’d' off, and his Coat of Arms reverfed. €fquire0.] Next among the lower Nobility are Efquires, fo called from the French Word Efcuiers, Scntigeri, becaufe they were wont to bear before the Prince in War, or before the better Sort of Nobility, a Shield, Lance, or other Weapon, and there¬ fore they are called Armigeri. Of this Title are firll all Vifcounts and Barons eldelf Sons, and all Vifcounts and Barons younger Sons; and, by the Com¬ mon-Law of England, all the Sons of Earls, Marquilfes add Dukes are-Efquires, and no more. Next are the Efquiresjof the King’s Body, mentioned among the Officers of the Kill’s Court: After thefe are reckoned the eldeft Sons of younger Cons of Barons, and of all Noblemen of higher Degree ; then Knights eldeft Sons, and their eldeft Sons for ever. Next, Efquires created- by the King, by putting about their Neck a Collar of SS’s,. and bellowing on them a Pair of Silver-Spurs. Laftly, Diverfe that are in fuperior publick Office for King or State, are reputed Efquires, or equal to Efquires, as Serjeants of the feveral Offices in the King’s Court, and other Officers ot Rank and -Quality; fo Jullices of the Peace, Mayors of Towns, Counfellors at Law, Batchelors of Divinity, Law, or Phyftck! the’ none of them are really fo. " Book III. Of Gre a r-B r. it a i n. 17 5 In the laft Place,, among the lower Nobility are accounted the Gentry of England, that have no other Title, but are de- Icendedof ancient Families that have always borne a Coat of 1 i Arms. This kind of Honour is derived from the Teutonic an & Gothic Nations to the reft of Chrijiendom, and was: never known in any Country where the Teutonic and Gothic Cuftoms were un¬ known, as in Afta, Africa and America. A Gentleman is properly one whofe Anceftors have been Freemen, and have owed no. Obedience to any Man Befides their natural Prince;. fo, that in Propriety of Speech no Man is a Gentleman who is not bom fo: Biit: in England, the Kang being properly the Fountain of all! Honour, he can' make a Gentleman by Charter, or by bellowing an honourable Employ* ment upon him. The Title of Gentleman in England, (as of the Cavalier in France, Italy, and Spain) is not aifdain’d by any Nobleman. All Noblemen are Gentlemen, though all. Gentlemen- are not Noblemen, Guillm is of Opinion, that if a Gentleman be bound air Apprentice to a Merchant, or other Trade, he hath not there¬ by loll his Degree of Gentility. And therefore the Gentry and Nobility of England have not difdain’d fo to difpofe of their younger Children. j Privileges to the Lower Nobilily ; T HE lower Nobility of England have fewer, or lels Privi¬ leges than thofe in other Monarchies. Some few Privileges belong to Knights, quatenus Knights. Knights are excufed from Attendance at Court-Leets. Knights, by Magna Charta, Cap. 21, are fo freed; that' no Demefn Cart of theirs be taken. The Son and Brother of a Knight, by Statute-Law,, are ca¬ pacitated to hold more than one Benefice with Cure of Souls. Some Privileges alfo belong to Gentlemen. If a Capias go againll A. B. Yeoman, and if the SherilF md.B. Gentleman, anAflion of falfe Imprifonment lieth againll the Sheriff. Colonels are Honourable, and by the Law of Arms ought precede Jimple Knights; fo are all General Officers, as Matter of the Artillery, Quarter-Mafter-General, £3 ’c. AH higher Officers in the King’s Court, or State, ancf all iu n D M Law P rece< l c Efquires. All Batchelors of Divinity, Law’ and Phyfiek, all Doftors Arts, commonly called Matters of Arts, all Barrifters in ? i °f Courts, all Captains, and other Military Officers “ nave the King’s Commiffions, diverfe other Officers in the 3 s ™ulhold, (Ac. may equal, if not precede. Gentlemen 1 “ave none of thefe Qualifications, In 176 €6e Went State Parti, In. England, Gentry (as in Germany, all Nobility) and Ann are held in Gavel-kind, defending to all the Sons alike, only the eldeft Son beareth Arms without Difference, which tie younger may not. Of the lower Nobility in England, the Number is fo great, that there are reckoned at preient above 500 Baronets note than , the firft intended Number j that is, in all above 700, who are poffefTed one with another of about 1000/. a Year in Lands. Of Knights, above 1400, who, one with another, may have about 800 /. in Lands a Year.' Of Efquires and Gentlemen above 6000, each one poffefs’d, one with another, of about 400 /. a Year in Lands, amounting in all to about a third Part of the yearly Revenue of all England ; beftdes younger Brothers, whole Number may amount to above 16,000 in all England, who have fmall Mates in Land, bat are commonly bred up in Divinity, Law, Phyfick, Court and Military Employments. All in England are accounted Gentlemen who maintain themfelves without manual Labour, and then well may thole (be their Pedigree what it will) who have 6, 8, and 10,coo/, a Year in Lands, and diverfe Merchants who have 100,000/ or 200,000 /. in Goods and Effefts, ftile themfelves Gentle- fBeomen.] Next to the lower Nobility, and the firft Degree of the Commons, or Plebeians, are the Freeholders in EngU, ufually called Yemen, from the Saxon Gemtene, in Engliji, Common. In the King’s Court it ftgnifies an Officer which isia a middle Place between a Sergeant and a Groom. In many Cafes, the Law of England hath conceived a better Opinion of the Yeomanry that occupy Lands, than of Tradef- meh, Artificers, or Labourers. Hufbandry hath in no Age rendered a Gentleman ignoble, nor incapable of Places of Honour. Of the Freeholders of England there are more in Number, and Richer than in any Country of the like Extent in h- rope; 40 or 50 /. a Year a-piece is very ordinary, 100 /. and 200 /. a Year in fome Countries is not rare; fometimes in Kent and the Wild of Sufex, 5 or 600 /. per Amm, and 3 or ^000 1. Stock. By the Statute of England, certain Immunities are given to they hold Lands and Tenements inheritable by a perpetual Right to them and their Heirs for ever, there are in very great Number of Copy-holders, who hold Land within fome Manours only by Copy of Court-Roll of the faid Ms- nour, (Ac. and have Jus perpetuum IA utile Dominium, though not Allodium iA direSum Dominium, which Freeholders msy Book III. of G r e a t-B r i t a i n. ] 77 Among th e Commons of England, in the next Place are reckoned Tradesmen; among whom Merchants of Foreign TrafHck have, for their great Benefit to the Publick, and tor their Endowments and gdnerous Living, been of belt Repute in England-, where, as well as in Italy, to become a Merchant of Foreign Commerce, hath been allowed no Difparagement to a Gentleman born, efpecially to a younger Brother. Amonglt Tradefmen, in the firft Place are Wholefale-men; then Retailers; laltly, Mechanicks, or Handicrafts - men ; Thefe are capable of bearing,fome Sway or Office in Cities and Towns Corporate. . The lower Members, the Feet of the Body Politick, are the Day-Labourers, who by their large Wages and Cheapnefs of , all Neceffaries, enjoy better Dwellings, Diet and Apparel in Ingland, than the' Hufbandmen or Farmers do in moft other I Countries. [The Wages of Day-Labourers being but eight or ten Pence a Day in Counties diftant from London, thofe find k 6 ^ am ^ es ^ ^ very difficult frequently to Liberties and Prop e r t i es* A S the Clergy and Nobility have certain Privileges peculiar Xi to themfelves, fo they have Liberties and Properties com¬ mon to the Commonalty of England. The Commons of England for Hereditary Fundamental Liberties and Properties, are bell, above, and beyond the Subjefls ot any Monarch or State in the World. firft, No Freeman of England can be imprifoned, or other- wife reftrained, without Caufe Ihewn, for which by the Law he ought to be fo imprifoned. Secondly, To him that is imprifoned may not be denied a Writ of Habeas Corpus, if it be defired, which brings them Speedily to their Trial. . • Thirdly, If no Caufe of Imprifonment be alledged, and tne fame be returned upon an Habeas Corpus, the Prifoner mull be fet at Liberty. Fourthly, No Soldiers can be quartered in the Houfe of any Freeman (unlefs he be a Viftualler, or fell Brandy and other urong Liquors by Retail) in Time of Peace, without his Will, though they pay for their Quarters; nor in Time of War, un- lefs the Enemy be in the Country'. Fifthly, Every Freeman hath fuch a full andabfolute Pro¬ priety in his Goods, that no Taxes, Loans, or Benevolences ordinarily and legally can be impofed upon them, without-. If 0wn *“ on f ent > by their Reprefentative in Parliament. Moreover, they have fuch an abfolute Power, that they can (vu t * lc 3 r b ave bow they pleafe, even from their own Children, and to them in what Inequality they will, without N (hewing i 7 8 C&e pjcftnt State Patti. (hewing any Caufe; which other Nations governed by tit Civil-Law can’t do. Sixthly, No Freeman can be tried but by his Peers, nor condemned, but by the Laws of the Land, or by an Ad of Parliament. Seventhly, No Freeman may be fined for any Crime, but according to the Merit of the Offence; always fafao fili m u. nemento fuo, in fuch manner, that he may continue and go oj in his Calling. Briefly, If it be confidered only, that they are fubjefttoto Laws but what they make themfelves, and pray the King and the Lords to confent unto, their Liberties and Properties mull be acknowledged to be far above that of the Subjedb of any of our Neighbour-Nations. CHAP. V. Of the Women, Children, and Servants in England, T ouching the Women of England, there are diverfe things confiderable in the Englijh Laws and Cuftoms: Women in England, with all their moveable Goods, fo foon as they are married, are wholly in potefiate Viri, at the Will and Diipofi- tion of the Hufband. If any Goods or Chattels be given to a Femme Covert (/. t.J to a married Woman, they all immediately become her Huf- band’s: She can’t let, fet, fell, give away, or alienate any thing without her Hufband’s Confent. Her very neceffary Apparel, by the Law, is not hers in Property; if (he hath any Tenure at all, it is in Capite j thatis, (he holds it of, and by her Hulband, who is Caput Mulieris, All the Chattels perfonal the Wife had at the Marriage ate fo much her Hufband’s, that,.after his Death they (hall not return to his Wife, but go to the Executor, or Adminiftrator of the Hulband, as his other Goods and Chattels, except only her Paraphema, or Prater Dotalia, which are her necefcj Apparel, which, with the Confent of her Hulband, (he may devife by Will, not otherwife by our Law, becaufe the Pro¬ perty and Poffeffion even of the Paraphema are in him. The Wife can make no Contraft without her Hulbaco' Confent; and in all Law-Matters, fine viro refpondere nwp4> can’t reply without her Hulband. The Law of England fuppofes in the Hulband the Pow« over his Wife as over his Child or Servant, and therefore te muff anfwer for his Wife’s Fault: If (he wrong another')/ her Tongue, or by Trefpafs, hemuft make Satisfaftion. _ So the Law makes it as high a Crime, and allots the fan« .Punilhment to a Woman that lhall kill her Hulband, a® 10 3 Book III. Of Great-Britain. 179 Woman that ffiall kill her Father or Mailer 5 and that is Petit- Treafoiij to be burnt alive. The Woman upon Marriage lofeth not only the Power over her Perfon, and her Will, and the Property of her Goods, but her very Name; for, ever after lhe ufeth her Hulband’s | Sir-name, and her own is wholly laid afide ; which is not ob- i ferved in France and other Countries, where the Wife feb- ! fcribes her felf by her Paternal Name ; as if Sufammh, the 1 Daughter of R. Clifford, be married to E. Chamberlayne, lhe. either writes her lelf Sufamah Clifford, or elfe Sufanr.ab-Clfford Chantkrlayne. Notwithftanding all which, their Condition de faBo is thd bell of the World: For, fuch is the good Nature of Englijh - m towards their Wives, fuch is the Tendernefs and Relpedl, giving them the uppermoll Place at Table and elfewhere, the Right-hand every, where, and putting them upon no Drudgery and Hardlhip, that they are, generally fpeaking, the moll happy Women in the World, Befides, in feme things the Laws of England are above other Nations fo favourable to that Sex, as if Women had vo¬ ted at the making of them. If a Wife bring forth a Child during her Hulband’s long Abfence, tho’itbe for feme Years, yet if he lived all the time inter tjuatmr Maria, within this Iftand, he mull Father that Child; and if that Child be her firll-born Son, he lhall inherit . that Hulband’s Ellate, if intailed, or left without Will. If a Wife bring forth a Child begotten by a former Hulband, or by any other before Marriage, but bom after the Marriage with another Man; this latter mull own the Child, and that Child lhall be his Heir at Law. The Wife after her Hulhand’s Death, having no Jointure fettled before Marriage, may challenge the third Part of his yearly Rents of Land during her Life ; and within the City of Lmdm, a third Part of all her Hulband’s Moveables for ever. [This laltClaufe is altered by the Statute of 2 Geo. I. Cap. 18. which impowers Freemen to difpofe of their Perfonal Eftates by Will as they think lit.] As the Wife doth participate of her Hufband’s Name, fo likewife of his Condition: If he be a Duke, lhe is a Dutchefs; if he be a Knight, lhe is a Lady; if he of an Alien be made a Denifon, lhe is ipjb faBo fo too. If a Freeman marry a Bond¬ woman, lhe is alfo free during the Coverture; whereof alio it is laid as before, Uxor fulget radiis Mdriti. All Women in England are comprifed under Noble or Ig¬ noble. Noble Women are fo three manner of ways; by Creation, oy Defcent, and by Marriage. The King, the Fountain of Honour, may, and often hath treated Women to be BaronclTes, Countelfes, Dutcheffes, and the like. N't As 180 Cfje P?cfent ®tate Patti, As' by Richard the Second’s Creation, Margaret Counted of Norfolk was made Dutchefs of Norfolk for Lifej fo A m Beley nc, afterwards Wife to Hemy VIII. was made Marchio- nefs of Pembroke ; the Lady Mary Compton, in King Jam-, the Firft’s Time, was made Countefs of Buckingham for Life; the faid King James made the Lady Finch Vifcountefs of Maidftone, and afterwards Countefs of Winchelfea, to her, and her Heirs Male of her Body, with afpecial Claufe, that fuch her Heirs Male fhould have Voice and Place • in Parliament, fcf inter alios Vicecomites & ante Barones, ut Vicecomites Mail- flone. By Defcent all thofe Women are Noble to whom Lands holden by fuch Dignity do defcend as Heirs. By Marriage all Women are Noble who take to their Hof- bands any Baron or Peer of the Realm ; but if afterwards they marry to Men not Noble, in the S'enfe of the Law they lofe their former Dignity, and follow the Condition of their latter Hufband j for, eodem modo dijfohitur earum Nobililas, quo conjiituitur. But Women Noble by Creation, or De¬ ment, or Birth - right, remain Noble, though they many Huibands under their Degree; for fuch Nobility is accounted CharaSer indelebilis. Here note, that by the Courtefy of England, a Woman Noble only by Marriage, always retain- eth her Nobility; and fa the Widow of a Knight, married to an inferior Perfon, retaineth, by Courtefy, the Title and Name gotten by her former Hufband j but if the King’s Daughter marry a Duke or an Earl, ilia femper dicitur Rigalis, as well by Law as Courtefy. Note alfi. That any Woman who is Noble by Birth, if fhe be married to a Baron, takes Place according to the Degree of her Hufband, tho’ - fhe be a Duke’s Daughter : But if fhe marry to one under thofe of the higher Nobility, or to a Knight or Gentleman, then, by Courtefy, Place is given ac¬ cording to her Birth, and not her Hufband’s. Noble Women, in the Eye of the Law, are Peers of the Realm, and are to be tried by their Peers, and to enjoy mol other Privileges, Honour and Refpeft, as their Hufhandsi only they can’t, in the Opinion of fome great Lawyers, maintain an aftion upon the Statute de Scanda/o Magmli, the Makers of that Statute meaning-only to provide in that Cafe for the Great Men, and not for the Women, as the Words of that Statute feem to import: Likewife if any of the King's Servants within his Check-Roll, fhall confpire the Death of any Noble Woman, this were not Felony, as it’is if the like Conspiracy be againft a Nobleman. None of the Wife’s Dignities can come by Marriage to their Hufbands, although all their Goods and Chattels do ; only the Wife’s Dignities with the Lands are to to defcend to her nert Heir: Yet is the Courtefy of England fuch, that as the W Book III. Of Great-Britain. 181 for iter Dowry hath the ihird Part of her Hufband’s Lands during her Life, fothe Hulband, for the Dignity of his Sex, and for getting his Wife with Child, (which mail appear by be¬ ing bora alive) lhallhave all his Wife’s Lands for his Dowry (if it may be io called) during his Life : But if a Foreign Lady or Gentlewoman marry an Englijh Man, and Ihe herfelf be not denized, Ihe is barred all Privileges and Titles due to her Hulband, nor can ihe claim any Dowry by the Laws of England. The Wife in England is accounted fo much one with her Hulband, that ihe can’t be produced as Witnefs-for or againft her Hulband, unlefs in Criminal Cafes, where herfelf is con¬ cerned, as in Affaults, Rapes, £3V. ' If an Englijh Woman marry a French, Spanijb, or other Fo- ; reign Duke, though he be made a Denizen, yet ihe ihall not I bear his Title and Dignity in'legal Proceedings. The like if Ihe marry an lrijh Peer, by reafon fuchhn one's ! Hulband is not a Peer in England by Law. Children. T H E Condition of Children in England is different from thofe in our neigbouring Countries. As Hulbands have a more abfolute Authority over their Wives and their Eftates, fo Fathers have a more abfolute Au¬ thority over their Children. Fathers may give all their Eftates unintailed from their own Children, and ail to any one Child, and none to the reft. Children, by the Common-Law of England, are, at certain Ages, enabled to perform certain Aits. A Son at the Age of 14 may choofe his Guardian, may. confent to Marriage. At zi he is (aid to be at full. Age; may then make any Contrail; may pafs not only Goods, hut Lands by Will, and is of Age to fit in either .Houfe of Parliament j which in other Countries may not be done ’till the Annus Confifientice, the Age of twenty-five. ■ A Daughter at tz is able to confent to Matrimony j and if at that Age Ihe diffent not, Ihe is bound for ever. At zt Ihe is enabled to contrail or alienate her Lands by. The eldeft Son commonly inherits all Lands; and to the younger Children are difpofed Goods and Chattels; and be- Edes," they are carefully educated in fome Profeflion or Trade. [In fome Places, as in Kent, hy the Cuftomof Gay el-kind, the Lands are equally divided among the Sons ; and mothers*, the youngeftinherits all the Lands by a Cuftom called Borough - S ' N3 182 tep^feiit State Parti, if there he ho Son, the Lands as well as Goods are equally divided among the Daughters; yet in feme Manours, as that of Bray in Berkjhire, the eldeil Daughter fuccepds, like the eldeil Son, to the whole Inheritance. Of Servants. S Ervants in the Saxon Times were properly Slaves, and very many Inila'nces of their Manumiflions are Hill extant, with the Forms by which their Mailers fet them free. Now Slavery is entirely taken away, and every Servant, Man or Woman, . excepting Apprentices, who are but for a Term of Years, are properly hired Servants. Ordinary Servants are hired com- monly for one Year, at the End whereof they might be free, giving Warning three Months before, and may place them- felves with other Mailers; only it is accounted difeourteous and unfriendly to take another Man’s Servant before Lave given by his former Mailer; and unlawful (the Penalty being five Pounds) to take a Servant without Certificate of hii Diligence, and of his Faithfulnefs in his Service to his former. [This Adi of 5 Eliz. tap. 4. here referred to, relates only to Servants in Hufeandry, and feme few Traders, and that only where the Wages ate fixed by the Quarter-Seffions in each County, which is fcarce ever done at prefent. Servants hav¬ ing ferved the Time they contrafled for, are at Liberty to go where they pleafe, and any Man may hire them. They are fcarce under any Government, but the Peils ofevery Family.] All Servants are fubjedt to be corredted by. their Mate, or Miilreffes 5 and Refinance in a Servant is punilhed with a fevere Penalty : But for a Servant to take away the Life of hii Mailer or Miilrefs, is accounted a Crime next to High-Trea- fen, and called Petit-Treafon, and hath a peculiar Capital Puniihment. Foreign Slaves in England there are none fince Chrillianity prevailed. A Foreign Slave brought into England, is, upon landing, ipfofa 8 o, free from Slavery, but not from ordinary Service. [He is not at Liberty to go into the Service of ano¬ ther, nor can he demand Wages like another Servant, but remains his Mailer’s Property, notwithilanding his being brought into England .] . Some Lands in England were holden in Villenage, to do feme particular Services to the Lord of the Manour; and foci Tenants may be called the Lord’s Servants; but this kind of Tenure is in a manner out of ufe. CH Aft Book III. Of GRE AT-BRITAIN. 183 CHAP. VI. Of ALaws of England. ij» H E particular Latvs now in Ufe, are the Of this Law and the Canon-Law, Ufe is made in all Ecclefiaftical Courts of Bilhops, Archdeacons, Vicars-General, Chancellors, and Commiffaries. So this Law is made ufe of in the Court of Admiralty. Moreover, Ufe is made of the Civil-Law in the Court of the: Earl-Marlhal. Of this Law much Ufe is made in Treaties' with Foreign Potentates, where many Points are to be determined and concluded, according to the Direction of this moil excellent and generally approved Law; and for this Caufe Foreign Princes take efpecial Care to choofe fuch Perfons for their Ambaffadors as are ikilled in the Civil-Law; and this Po¬ licy was heretofore duly obferved by our Englijh Princes, with very good Succefs. Laltly, The two Univerfities of England ferve themfelves of the Civil-Law ; for by their Pri¬ vileges, no Student is to be fued at Common-Law, but in the Vice-Chancellor’s Court, for Debts, Accompts, Injuries, fife Canon * Jlato.] The Canons of many ancient General Councils, of many National and Provincial Engli/h Synods, beiides diverfe Decrees of theBiihop of Rome, and Judgments of ancient Fathers, had been received by the Church of Eng¬ land, and incorporated into the Body of the Canon-Law, by which fhe always proceeded in the Exercife of her Jurifdidli- »n, and doth Hill, by Virtue of the Statute 25 Henry VIII. fofaras the faid Canons and Conftitutions are not repugnant to the Holy Scripture, to the King’s Prerogative, or the Laws, Statutes, and Cuiloms of this Realm. CommtJnsiato.] The Common-Law of England is a Com¬ pendium of the bell and moll ancient Saxon Laws, firil made by Etbelbert the firil Chrillian King. Venerable Bede fays, thefe Laws were made according to the Example of the Romans Hh'p'piiottpa jeptate, with the Thought or Advice of his wife Men, and the King commanded them to be wrote and pub- lilhed in Englijh, , King Alfred indeed is called Magma Juris Anglicans Condi- ter, the Great Founder of the Englijh Laws; but not that they were firil made in his Reign, for there were Saxon Laws then in being, which had been made for above three hundred Years before his Reign; but the Meaning was this only, that he being the Firil foie Monarch after the Heptarchy, colledted the Bubilance of the Laws of all the former Saxon Kings, from N 4 King 184 t£{je pjefeitt State Parti; King Ethellerl to his Time, who were Kings only of Part of the Land, into one Body, and fo formed one entire Codtx , or Book of Laws. Now this Codex being made up of fuch Variety of different Laws, enaftedby the feveral Saxon King reigning over diftinft Parts of the 'Kingdom, being now re¬ duced into one Body, and made to extend equally to the whole Nation, it was very proper to call it the Common-Law of England: Which Jus Commune, Jus Publicum, or Coitimh- Law, was foon after called in Saxon the Folc pijhe, or People's Right; and it is not very unlikely, but that this Colleftion of Laws, thus made by King Alfred, and fet down in one Codex, might be the fame with the Dom - tec, or Dome- book, which is referred to in all the fubfequent Laws of the Saxon Kings, and was the Book of Laws or Statute-Bool! that they determined Caufes by ; for before the King’s Reign, that is King Alfred's, I no where find any mention made either of Folc-Right or Dome-Book; but in the next Reign you find King Edward the Eldeft, commanding all his Judges to give jujht Domap, right or juft’ Judgment to all the People of England, to the bell of their Skill and Underftanding, yjuhieon paepe Bom-bec pcanb, as it Hands in the Dome-Book, or Book of Laws; and further commands, that nothing make them -afraid to declare and adminifter Folc-Right, that is, the Common-Law of England, to all his loving bubjefls, Thefe Laws indeed were not much obferved in the Reigns of Horald the Firft, and Hardicanute, becaufe they were Ufurpers of the Danijb Race, and their Reigns very fhort, both of them not exceeding feven Years. But in the Time of Edward the Corifeffor, 'he being of the Saxon Race, all thefe Laws were' again received and reftored : And out of thofe Laws, then extant, Edward the Confeffor made a Col- ledlion, as Alfred did before him; and then ordering thofe to be obferved which were neglefted in the fhort Reigns of Harold and Hardicanute, he may well enough be called the Rejlorer of the Englifh Laws. And as thofe Laws were then called the Folc-Right, and really were the Common- Law of England, fo the prefent Common-Law is in Sob- fiance the feme, though it hath undergone diverfe Altera¬ tions. ; The Normans, who invaded the Saxons, did not fo much alter the Subftance, as the Names of Things: And notwith- ftanding the pretended Conqueft of William I. thefe Laws of good King Edward were not abolifhed by him; for when King William publifhed thofe Laws, 'he exprefly mentions them to be Edward the Confeffor’s Laws, publfhed them as fuch, confirms and proclaims them to be the Laws of Sot- knd, and took an Oath to keep them inviolable, as the M- Book III. of G^bat-Britain. 185 ly and pious Kings of England, his Anceftors, had done before him. From this Original it is that our Common-Law came, and from it pur Common-Law Judges fetch that excellent Ufage of determining Caufes according to the fettled and. eftablifhed Rules of Law, and have afted up to this Rule for above Eight hundred Years together, and, to their great Honour, continue fo to do to this very Day. Belides the Common-Law of England in general, there are, in diverfe Parts of England, Cuftoms and Common Ufage, which have the Force of Common-Law among fhofe People to whofe Property they belong, as Borough-Englijh, a Cuftom fo called, becaufe not in Ufe QUt of England, where the youngell Son, or for want of Sons, the youngeft Brother is t to inherit; being prefumed that in Boroughs, or Trading j Towns, the eldelt Sons might - probably have learned their Father’s Trade, and that the youngeft would always be leaft able to keep himfelf. Gavel-kind, of which fee Page 1 c, in Kent, &c. £(atuteEato.] Where the Common-Lavs is filent, there we have excellent Statute-Laws made by the feveral Kings of Eng- | land, by and with the Advice and Confent of all the Lords Spi- | ritual and Temporal, and of all the Commons of England, by their Reprefentativcs in Parliament, whereunto the Englijh eafi- ly fubmit, as made at thejr own' earneft Defire and Requeft, and yet too.much negleft them. All Trials of Common and Statute-Law are tried 'by a Jury of Twelve Men ; which is thus: The Sheriff fummons’s Twenty-four Men, Houlholders, out of the Neighbourhood of that Place where the Matter contefted lies; Twelve of whom are chofqn to try the Caufe. [By the Statute of 3 Georg. II. Cop. 25. the Sheriff is obliged, in Civil Caufes, to return a Number of Jurors, not leis than 48, and not exceeding 72 whofe Names being written in diftinft Papers of equal Size, are to be roll’d up and put into a Box or Glafs, and when a Caufe is to be tried, drawn by an indifferent Perfon in open Court, ’till twelve are drawn (not challenged and fet afide) ; and fuch twelve Perfons firft drawn, and appearing, are to be the Jury to fry the Caufe: But this Method of drawing Juries is unhappily refrained to Civil Caufes, and not extended to Cri- mal Proceedings,] The Lawyers on both Sides plead in open Court before the judges: Thefe Twelve Men Handing near, may “tar all that is faid and produced on either Part, and may afk what Queftions they pleafe of the Witneffes. When all the "itneffcs are examined, and all Pleadings are over, one of - the Judges briefly recapitulates all that has paft, putting the wtlvt Men in mind of what has been alledged, anddefend- M on cither Side, and informing them what Points are ac¬ cording to Law, and what not; after which, this Jury of I 186 < 2 P&e l&efeitt State Parti, Twelve Men are bid to retire by themfelves, an Officer being charged with them, to fee that they have neither Meat, Drink, Fire, nor Candle, that they niay the fooner conclude their Opinions, which muft be all unanimous. When they are agreed, they come back into Court, and defiring their Fori- man (i. e.) the firft upon the Lift, may fpeakfor them; he declares in two or three Words the Opinion of all the Jury, all being of one Mind, or elfe to be remanded back to their Con¬ finement, and according to their Judgment the Sentence pads finally. No.te, the Returns of Verdidts are bound up to Forms adapted to the Nature of the Caufe: As in Criminal Caufes, Guilty, or Not Guilty; in Civil ‘ Aftions, Finding for tk Plaintiff, ox for the Defendant, &c. This is the uncontrollable Property of every free-born Subjeft of England, to be tried by his Peers, and that not only in Matters of Claim and Propriety between Subjedt and Subject, but in all Criminal Cales too at the King’s Suit. [A Prifonermay challenge 35 of the Juries peremptorily in High-Treafon, and as many more as he can ihew juft Caufe of Challenge againft. In Felony, the Prifoner may challenge Twenty peremptorily 5 the fame in Petit-Treafon.] peculiar anl) Bp their Purfe or Eftate, not diverted by other extravagant ExpeucKi will give them Leave to remember them. . Book III. Of G r e a t-B r it a i n. 191 Of Pmijhments, and firft Ecclesiastical. A nD Firft, of.thofe relating to Ecclefiaftical Difdpline, which when iriflifted'upon fcandalous, notorious and contumacious Offenders, proceeds in this Manner: Firft, The Party delinquent is admoniihed; then if he refufes to anfwer, or otherwife to fatisfy the Court, he is excommuni¬ cated, or excluded from the Church j or if not from the Church, yet from the Communion of the Lord’s-Supper; is [ difabled to be Plaintiff in a Suit of Law, &c. This Power of Excommunication the Biihop may delegate to any grave Prieft with the Chancellor. k Beftdes the general Cenfure of the Church, which refpedts Church-Communion, there is another which touches the Body of the Delinquent, called Publick Penance, when any .one is compelled to confefs in Publick his Fault, and to bewail it be¬ fore the whole Congregation in the Church; which is done in this Manner: The Delinquent is to ftand in the Church-Porch upon fome Sunday, bare-head and bare-foot, in a white Sheet, and a white Rod in his Hand, there bewailing himfelf, and begging everyone that paffes by to pray for him j then to enter the Church, falling down and killing the Ground; then in tha Middle of the Church is he, or lhe, eminently placed in the Sight of all the People, and over-againft the Minifter, who declares the Foulnefs of his Crime, odious to God, and fcan¬ dalous to the Congregation, £s ’c. Ncte, That it is ordained by the Canons of the Church of England, that in cafe the Crime be not notorious and publick, the forenamed Penance may, at the Party’s Requeft, be com¬ muted into a pecuniary Mulft for the Poor of the Parilh, or fome pious Ufes, which is more ufually done. There, remains one more Punilhment, or Ecclefiaftical Cen¬ tre) which touches the Body, and that is denial of Chriftian Burial, which is inflifted, not in poenam mrtuorum, but in ter- nrem T A IN. I95 Scolding Women are to be fet in a Trebucbet, commonly call¬ ed 3 Cucking-Stool, probably from the French Cosine, and the , Gernin Stull, the Quean's Chair , placed over fome deep Wa¬ ter, into which they are let down, and plunged under Water thrice, to cool their Choler and Heat. Other Mifdemeanors are commonly punifhed with Imprifon- ments, or Fines, and fometimes with both. As for Breaking on the Wheel, and other like torturing [Deaths, common in other Chriftian Countries,- the Eng lift look upon them as too cruel to be ufed by the Profeffors of Chriftianity. CHAP. IX. Of Societies inftituted in England for thi Advancement of Religion, whether Incorporated or Voluntary. I N the former Chapters, the coercive Methods ufed by the Government to regulate the Manners of the Nation, have been accounted for. There are, befides thofe, fome volun¬ tary ones j a brief Account whereof feems proper to be added in this Place; and that is of the feveral Societies that have been letup of late Years for the moft effectual Promoting of God’s Wtrjhip, the Reformation of Manners, and the Propagating of Chriftian Knowledge both in this Nation and in Foreign Parts; which are known by the Names of Religious Societies. Ihe Societies for Reformation of Manners i The Society for the Propagation of the Gofpel in Foreign Parts-, and The Society for Promoting Chriftian Knowledge. 1. The Religious Societies are fo called, becaufe the particular End and Defign of them is to improve themfelves and others in the Knowledge of our moft holy Religion; and to animate One another in the ferious Practice of it. They were begun in Loudon about the Year 1678, by a few ferious young Men of the Communion of the Church of Eng- W;'who, by the Advice and Direction of their Spiritual Guides, agreed to meet together frequently for Religious Con¬ ference, and by Prayer and Pfalmody to edify one another. The Experience they hereby gained of the Blcffednefs of Re¬ ligion, and Value of Souls,- foon animated their Endeavours 10 gain others to join with them; whereby they grew and en- treafed, and New Societies were formed by the Pattern of the Old; So that there are now above forty diftinft Bodies of went within the Compafs of the Bills of Mortality, befides di- tarfb others in diftant Parts of the Nation. Thofe that compofe thefe Societies . are Members of the Ghrcbof England-, and,- in all Matters of Doubt and Difficulty, 0 a oblige 196 €&e Piefettt State Parti, oblige themfelves to confultthe eftallijhed Minijlry: They re. ceive the Holy Sacrament at leaf! once a Month, and take aj convenient Opportunities of attending the Service of God in Publick ; have fet up Publick Prayers in many Churches of the City; procured the Adminiftration of the Sacrament eveij Holy Day, and maintain Le£tures upon the Holy Sacrament of the Lord’s-Supper, almoft every Lord’s-Day Evening, in fome one or more Churches. They indultrioufly apply themfelves to the relieving poo. Families and Orphans, fetting Prifoners at Liberty, follicit- ing Charities for the pious Education of poor Children, vi- fiting and comforting thofe that are fick and in Prifon, ad reclaiming the Vicious and Diffolute; in promoting CiriJIk Conference, Decency in God's Worlhip, Family Religion , ad the Catechizing of young and ignorant People. They have been inftrumental in bringing feveral Quakers and EnthulMi- cal Perfons to Baptifm, and a fober Mind ; reconciling feveral Dijenters to the Communion of the Church of England, ad preferving many unfieady and wavering Perfons from Poftr). 2. Societies for Reformation of Manners j fo called from tie particular End and Defign of them, which is to reform tie Manners of the People, by putting in Execution the Laws a- gainft Immorality and Prophanenefs. They were begun in London, about the Time of the fee lution, by five or fix private Gentlemen of the Communios of the Church of England ; and, by the Acceflion of many virtuous Perfons of the too various Denominations of Pn- tejlants among us, are now become confiderable both for their Number and Intereft. Gf thefe, • 1. There is a large Body compofed of Perfons of Emi- nency in the Law, Members of Parliament, Juilices of tie Peace, and confiderable Citizens of London, who frequently meet to confult of the bell Methods for carrying on the Bs- finefs of Reformation, according to the Eftablijbed Laws, and to advife and affiil others that are already engaged, or willing to join, in the fame Defign.By this Body the neceffary Charge of this Defign is defrayed, and no Contributions taken of any but their own Members: By their Endeavours feveral Tta- fands of Offenders in London and Wefminfter have been con- victed of Swearing, Drunhnnefs, and Prophanation of the Lorh- Day, and punifhed accordingly. 2. A fecond Body, confifting of about 50 Perfons, Tradef- men and others, have more efpecially applied themfelves to theSuppreffionof Lewdnefs, by bringing the Offenders to le¬ gal Punifhment, and have actually fuppreffed above 500 oil- orderly Houfes, and convifted fome Thoufands of lewd Pet- fons, befides Swearers, Drunkards, and Profaners of tkLirlt Day, &c. as appears by their feveral printed Lifts of Offend- Book III. Of G R E A T-B RIT AIN. 197 A third is of Conftables, of which fort of Officers Care is taken to form yearly a new Body in London, who meet to confider of the moft effe&ual Way to difcharge their Oaths, to communicate the Difficulties they meet with, and to con- fult of proper Remedies. Thefe divide themfelves in the fe- veral Parts of the City, for the more regular Infpeflion of diforderly Houfes, feizing of Drunkards and Swearers in the Streets and Markets, and carrying them before the Magi- llrates. A fourth is fuch as give Informations to the Magiftrate of filch Breach of the Laws as above-mentioned. There are eight other regulated and mixed Bodies of Houfe- keepers and Officers in the leveral Quarters of London, Weftmin- fcr, and Southwark, who differ in their Conflitution from thefe : before-mentioned, but generally agree in the Methods of in- fpefling the Behaviour of Conftables and other Officers, whom they all'o affift in fearching diforderly Houfes, feizing Offenders, and giving Informations. Several Societies of this kind are fet up at Brijiol, Canterbury, Hull, Nottingham, and other diftant Parts of the Kingdom ; and of late Years the like Defigns have been carried on in Ireland, and in feveral of his Majefty’s Provinces in Arne- 3. The Society for the Propagation of the Gofpcl in Foreign Parts. That a Maintenance tor an Orthodox Clergy might he fecured, and other Provifion made for the Propagation of the Gofpel in the Plantations, Colonies, and FaRories beyond the Seas, the late King, by his Letters Patent, dated June 16, 1701, did incorporate the moft Reverend Fathers in God Thomas, Lord Archbifhop of Canterbury, and John, Lord Archbifhop of York, the Right Reverend Father in God, Henry, the Lord Bifhop of London, and feveral others of the Lords the Bifhops, of the Nobility, Gentiy ifnd Clergy, to the Number of about Ninety, therein particular}' named, hy the Name of The Society for the Propagation of the Gofpel in Foreign Parts, who by that Name were to plead' and be impleaded; to have perpetual Succefhon, with Privilege-to pur- chafe Two Thoufand Pounds per Annum Inheritance, and Ehates for Lives or Years, Goods-and Chattels of any Value, to have a Common Seal, and to meet yearly on the third Fri- <% in February, to choofe a Prefident, Vice-Prefident, and Officers for the Year enfuing, and on the third Friday in every Month, or oftner, if need be, to tranfafl Bufinefs, and to depute fit Perfons to take Subfcriptions, and colled Money contributed for the Purpofes aforefaid ; and of all Monies re¬ ceived and laid out, to give Account yearly to the Lord-Chan- tuhr, or Keeper, the two Lord Chief-J'uftices, or any two of 'J9 8 %%t Parent Parti, This Society ordinarily meets every Month, according toth t Direction of the Charter, and hath a handing Committee to prepare Bufinefs for the Monthly Meeting: The former at ,St. Martini Library; the latter at St. PauFs Chapter-Hoiife. Of the above-mentioned Society there has been a very ftl Account given tinder the Title of An Account of the Foundath of the Society for the Propagation of the Gofpel in Foreign Parit, with their Proceedings and Succefs. 4. The Society for promoting Chriftiati Knowledge, whofe Ori¬ ginal Defigns were to propagate Religion in the Plantations, to fccure the pious and ufeful Education of the Poor here atHome, ■ and to reclaim thofe that err in the Fundamentals of Chriffi- &nity. Ic was begun in London in March 169!, byfomePerfonsof ' Honour and Quality, who held their hated Meetings forthefe Purpofes, regulating themfelves by the Laws of the Land, and Canons of the Church. In the Year 1701, a Reverend Member of the Society, by his indefatigable Endeavours for promoting that Branch of tit 'Society’s Defign which concerned the Plantations, procured above eight hundred Pounds among his Acquaintance, aswell out of the Society as in it, and tranfmitted the fame to tie Plantations, in Libraries, Bibles, Common-Prayer-Books, Ca- techifms, and other Books proper to cultivate a Senfe of Re¬ ligion among the Britijh Subjefls in America: And by his In- tereh and great Application, fecured a tolerable Maintenance for fcveral Minihers to he employed in the Plantations, when by the eameh Solicitations of the fame Divine, at the Re- ' queft of the Society, the late King William was pleafed, by Royal Charter, to eflablifh the Society for the Propagation if lit 'Gofpel in Foreign Parts, incorporating by Name all the then Members of the Society for Propagating, fince called, fir ?n- noting Chrijiian Knowledge, with diverfe others, of the fid! Rank for Quality, both in Church and State ; thereby ditto¬ ing this Society from the further Purfuit of this Branch of their Original Defign. Upon this Eftablifhment the Society, in their voluntary Ca¬ pacity of doing good, were fo fuccefsfully engaged in fettingnp Charity-Schools, and difperfing Religious Books and Cate- chifms, &c. among the Poor at Home, that they did not thick fit to diffolve themfelves, but appointing new Officers to fapply the Place of thofe that were taken into the Service of the Cor¬ poration-Society, to fubfift. The Religious Societies in and about London, at that Time, ' don ; and all Mayors of Cities for the Time being. And by ftew Letters-Patent, dated the cth of March 1713, for Pf •'■■■■■ J venW Book III. Of Great-Britain. 201 venting the Delay and Obftruftion of the Bufinefs of the faid Corporation, her late Majefty was pleafed to encreafe the Number of the faid Governors, by adding all the Officers of the Board of Green-Cloth; all the Queen’s Serjeants and Council learned in the Law j and the Four Clerks in Ordinary of the Privy-Council. The firft Thing the Governors did, after opening their Commiffion, was to confider the State of the Revenue of Firft-Fruits and Tenths, and of the Conditions and Numbers of poor Livings to which the Royal Bounty was to extend, viz. to all under 80 /. per Annum, which, upon Enquiry, appear to be more than 5000 in Number. Thefe Revenues of the Firll-Fruits and Tenths (when this Corporation was firft eftablilhed) being for the tnoft part anti¬ cipated by diverfe Grants for Lives and Years, no Diftribution could be made for many Years j but fince the Expiration of fe- veral of thofe Grants, there has been a confiderable Diftributi¬ on yearly, whereby about 304 Livings were augmented with the Royal Bounty at zoo/, each before Chriftmas 1720, and 53 two fucceeding Years (whereof about 300 in Number have each received the like Sum from private Contributions) j which is very confiderable, if it be obferved, that by reafon of the Grants and Incumbrances before-mentioned, no Augmenta¬ tions were made before November 1714. But the faid Gover¬ nors will now be enabled to continue their Augmentations yearly, to the Number of ;o or 60 fmall Livings at leaft. Befides thefe Helps to the Clergy, there is a Society, whofe Province is in a more peculiar Manner to affift their Widows and Children, and that is the Society of the Sons of the Clergy, incorporated by King Charles II. July 1, 1678, by the Name of tljed&obernwjB! of tije Cliaritp fo? belief of ttjc jdooj CftiSOtOB! anb Cl)ilO?e« of ®lenrp*men. Several Hundreds of Widows and Children of the Clergy have yearly received great Relief from this charitable Foundation, the Number of which in the Year 1713, was 449, and the Sums diftributed among them, amounted to io;o l. nr. There is a Branch of this Society at Chefter, firft promoted in the Year 1700, which deferves to be taken Notice of here, as worthy to be imitated in other Places. The Clergy of the Arch-Deaconry of Chefter, at the Defire of the Right Reverend Dr. Stratford, then Bilhop of Chefter, and Dr. Entwijle, then Arch-Deacon, contented to meet at Warrington in that County, for this Relief of Widows and Orphans of Clergy-Men. They have ever fince continued to meet there, on the firft Thurfday in June annually. They walk in a Body to the Church, the Bilhop being ufually at the Head of them, where they hear divine Service and a Sermon : Thence they return to a Houfe where they dine. After Dinner a Colleftion is made, every one putting fecretly into a Box, prepared for that Purpofe, what Money he thinks fit, which generally amounts to about 60 or 202 Cljc p^fent fttatc Partj, 70/. which by five Stewards is diftributed to fuch Widen and Children of Clergy-men as they think proper Obje&of Charity. This : Society in Chejhire is now become a Memb., of the Corporation of the Sons of the Clergy in London, by an Inftrument regularly executed, and is made capable of enjoy© the fame Privileges and Advantages with them. s ’Till the Reformation, there was no fettled Allowance fa the Poor in England-, the Care of providing for them lay up the Religious Houfes, which were very numerous, and maty of them very well endowed. But whether they were fuel bountiful Difpenfers of their Charities, as that the Poor lad no Reafon to complain of them, may be very juftly quefti. oned: This is certain, that the Care of providing for them, was one of the earlieft and chiefeft Concerns of our firft Re- formers, after they had attained a tolerable Degree of Settle¬ ment. For in the Year 1551, Dr. Ridley, Bilhop of London, having preached upon this Subjedt before King Edward VI. the Eg was fo moved with the Sermon, that he commanded that good Biihop and Sir Richard Dahhs, then Lord-Mayor of Lmh, and others, to confider how the Neceflities of the Poor of that City might be bell fupplied, and to lay their Schemes before him. Thefe Commiffioners accordingly divided the Poor into thefe fourClafies. I. Orphans and Infants. at. Sick and Wounded. 3. Idle Per fins and Vagabonds. 4. Decayed Houjholders. For the three lirft of thefe, the King himfelf made the fol¬ lowing Provifions. To the Orphans and Infants he gave Grey-Friars, now called ChriJPs-Hofpital in London. For the Sick and Wounded, the Hofpitals of St. Thoms and St. Bartholomew were fet by. For Idle Vagabonds , that they might be put to Work, aid receive Correftion for their Mifcarriages, he gave his own Pa¬ lace of Bridewell, which his Father had rebuilt fome Years be¬ fore for the Reception of the Emperor Charles V. He fumilhed jt alfo with Goods from the Savoy, and licenfed it to purchafe Lands in Mortmain, to the Value of 4000 Marks per dimes. That Licence was figned but two Days before that excellent Prince died, who thanked God that his Life was {pared long enough to make an End of that good Work. The poor Houjholders were fupplied by voluntary Contribu¬ tions, raifed and diftributed as they faw proper, from Houfeto Houfe. Succeeding Generations have not been wanting to build upon King Edward Vlth’s Foundation. Queen Book III. Of Great-Britain. 203 Queen Elizabeth appointed Owrfeersfor the Poor by A3 of Parliament, who are a Sort of Lay-Deacons in every Parifh, who are bound to take Care of the Poor, and are irapowered, by the fame Authority, to raife Sums of Money fufficient to jjjppiy their Wants. See the 43d of the faid Queen. CHAP. X. Of the City of LONDON. L ONDON] being the Seat of the Englijh Empire, and the chiefeft Town of Trade in the World, the largeft and mod populous, the faired and mod opulent City at this Day in all Europe, perhaps in the whole World, furpafling, as fome learned Men have conjectured, even Paris and Rome put together, it will.not, I hope, feem impertinent to give a par¬ ticular Account thereof. $ame ana SLntiqUifp.] London, fo called, as fome con¬ jecture, from Llong-din, or Dinas, the Britijh Word, fignify- ihg, in the Saxon Tongue, Shift on, or Town of Ships, was built certainly in the Roman Times, and that very early: For, in Nero's Time, when Boadicea rofe againd Suetonius Paulinus the Roman Lieutenant, Londinum, as Tacitus calls it, was very famous for its Trade and Commerce. Situation,] In the mod excellent Situation of London, the Wifdom of our Ancedors is very confpipuous and admirable: It is feated upon a gentle rifing Bank,'in a wholfome Soil, mixed with Gravel and Sand, upon the famous and navigable River Thames, at a Place where it is cad into aCrefcent, that fo each Part of the City might enjoy the Benefit of the River, and yet not be far didant one from the other, about 60 Miles from the Sea, in an excellent Air upon the North-fide of, the River (for the Villages feated on the South-fide are noted to he more unhealthy, in regard of the Vapours drawn upon them by the Sun) defended by gentle Hills from the North and South Winds. It lies in 51 Degrees, 30 Minutes, Northern Latitude. The Highways leading from all Parts to this noble City, are large, dreight, fmooth and fair, no Mountains nor Rocks, no Marlhes nor Lakes to hinder Carriages and Paffengers; fo that Corn may eafily be brought, and Cattle commodioully driven unto it by Land ; and thofe heavy, though necelfary. Commodities, Hay and Fuel, are more cheaply conveyed by "Water. The City of London is fupplied with Coals from Newa/lle, which Trade employs many Hundreds of Ships, and Thoufands of Seamen, who are reputed the ableft and nardieil Men we have. In a Word,' all the Bkfiiiigs of Land 204 C&e pefent State Parti, and Sea, by the Benefit of Shipping, may be faid to be here more ealily enjoyed than in any City of the World. Sj 9 agnitUDe»] The City of London, with that of Wejltth- Jler, and the Borough of Southwark ( which being contiguous to one another, feem to make indeed but one City, and ac¬ cordingly fhall be fo confidered when we fpeak of Building fcfr.) is of a vaft Extention : From Lime-Houfe, meafured to tie End of Tothil, or Tuttle-Street, from Eajl to Wifi, it is above 7500 Geometrical Paces, that is, above feven Englijh Miles and'an half. [The Length of the Town is not more than fix Miles: The Royal Exchange Hands about the Middle, and it is not more than three Mile* from thence either to the Eof or Wefi End of it, taking in the Winding of the Streets; and if we meafure in a direft Line, it is not fo much by half a Mile either Way.] The Number of Houfes is computed to be about 120,003 at prefent, and allowing 8 and £ to a Houfe, this makes tic Inhabitants fomething more than a Million: [Thofe that cal¬ culate the Number by the Weekly Bills, make them fomething lefs than a Million: If we compute them therefore at a Million of Souls, we come pretty near the Truth.] And from tie farther End of Blackman-ftreet in Southwark to the End of St. Leonard Shoreditch, is 2500 Paces, or two Miles and an Half. In this great City the Streets, Lanes, Alleys are in Num¬ ber above 5000, and yet fome of them above half a meafured Mile in Length. Dwelling-Houfes before the late dreadful Fire, were computed only within the Walls above 15,000, and that is now accounted but a feventh Part of the whole City, as may appear by the Weekly Bills of Mortality. The Num¬ ber of Houfes at prefent may in all Probability be at lead 150,000, efpecially if we include all the new Streets, Lanes, . Alleys, Courts, fsfr. built within twenty or thirty Years la# paft, on the North and- North-Weft Parts of this vaft Town; fuch as all thofe about Grays - Inn, Lamb's-Conduit ■ Fiilir, Bloomjbury ; all thofe in the upper Liberties of Wefimhfin and the moft furprizing of all, thofe about Grofvenor-Sqnon , Hanouier-Square, bigger than moft of the great Towns in Eel- land, and fprung out of the Ground in fo fliort a Time, asu almoft fufHcient literally to defeat the old Adage, Rome not built in a Day dumber Of Inhabitant#.] That the Reader may the better guefs at the Number of Inhabitants, or human Souls, with¬ in this great City, he mull know, that in one Year there v.'® computed to be eaten in London, when it was lefs by two Third-', 67,500 Beefs, ten times as many Sheep, befides abundance of Calves, Lambs, Swine, all forts of Poultry, Fowl, FA Roots, Milk, &c. Alfo that every Year, to fupply London Newcafile Coal, there is brought into the River of Thames above 400,000 Chaldrons, and every Chaldron is 36 Bulhels. Book III. Of Great-Britain. 205 Again, the Number of Inhabitants may be guefs’d at'by the Burials in London, which in ordinary Years, when’ there is no Peltilence, amount of late to about 25,000 in a Year. , in HonDon in a gear.] The Total of Strong Beer and Ale is 1,189,481 ^Barrels. The Total of Small-Beer is 740,846 Barrels. > The lowed Price of Itrong Beer, or Ale, is 18 s. per Bar¬ rel, thehigheft 2 /. 1 os. The Small not amended with Itrong, is ufually fold at about 7 or 8 s. a Barrel: If the Cuftomers come to the Brew- Houfes, ’tis fold the cheaper ; if the Brewers carry it to their Cuftomers, ’tis fold the dearer. Note, what is brewed by private Perfons is not included in the Account above, which, without doubt, is a very confi- derable Quantity, tho’ ’tis difficult to make any near Com¬ putation. The Quantity of Beer or Ale exported, is not very great; hut ’tis far exceeded by the Quantities brought to London from Oxford, Lincoln, Nottingham, Derby, Lichfield, Burton and feveral other Places in Stajfordjhire, Yorhjhire, Wales, Sec. The Excife only of Beer and Ale for the City of London (tho* it be a very moderate Impofition] was -not long ago farmed, or rented, of the Crown at far above 120,000 Pounds a Year. In a Word, the Author of the Map of London, publilhed Anrn 1684, reckons in this vail: City 1,200,000 Souls; but the more accurate Sir William Petty counts but 115,846 Families, and 695,076 Souls, [The Numbers of Houfes and People are vaftiy encreafed fince Sir William Petty wrote] which is, as he computes it, more than are in Paris, Rome, and Rouen ; more than in Paris and Amficrdam ; more than in Amfterdam , Venice, Rome, Dublin, Brijlol, and Lyons ; as many as in both the Provinces of Holland and Weft-Friezland. < I iSibfr Of SnjamfS.] The River whereon is feated this great City, for its Breadth, Depth, gentle even Courfe, extra¬ ordinary wholefome Water, and Tides, is more commodious for Navigation than perhaps any other River in the World ; the Sea flows gently up this River 70 Miles; that is, almoft to Richmond, 8 or 9 Miles above London by Land, and 14 by Water. Boats- are drawn about 200 Miles to Oxford, and higher many Miles. I It is High-water at this City as often as the Moon comes to jthe North-Eajl and South-Weft. Points of Heaven, the one in jour Hemifphere, and the other in the other Hemifphere. The [htgheft Tides are about a Land-Flood, the Wind North-Weft, jjj f h e Equinoctial, and the Moon at full: When thefe four jCaufes concur, which is very rare, then the Thames fwelts in “me Places over its Banks, and Weftminfter is a little enda-, ^ J g«l in its Cellars, but not in its Chambers and upper i ' Rooms, 206 fcfje l^icfent State Part i. Rooms, as the City of Rome is fometimes by the overflowing of the Tyler, and Paris by the Seyne. This River opening Eajlwards towards Germany and France is much more advantageous for the Trade of thofe Countries’ than any other Rimer of England, to fay nothing of the Varie- ty of excellent Fiih in this River, and above all, of the incom- parable Salmon ; the fruitful Soil, the pleafant rich Meadows, and innumerable ftately Palaces on both Sides thereof; in a Word, the Thames feems to be the very radical Moifture of this City, and in fome Senfe the natural Heat too 5 for almoft all the Fuel for Firing is'brought up this River from Nemicaftk, Scotland, Kent, E/ex, &c. or elfe down the River, from Sum. Middlefex, Berk/ire, &c. From this River the City, by Water-Engines, is in many Places fupplied with excellent wholefome Water 5 alfo from almoft twenty Conduits of pure Spring-water, and fo com- modioufly placed, that they ferve all the chiefeft Parts of this City; and, moreover, by a New River, brought at a vail Charge, and excellent Skill, by Sir Hugh Middleton, from A- •well and Chadiuell, two Springs near Ware in Hertfordjhire, from whence, in a turning and winding Courfe, it runs 60 Miles before it reaches this City: In fome Places the Channel is neceflarily zo Foot deep; in other Places it is carried over Valleys more than 20 Foot high, above Ground, in open Troughs: Over this New River are made 800 Bridges, fome of Stone, fome of Brick, and fome of Wood. This great Work was begun in 1608, and finifhed in five Years ; it ferves in the higheft Places of London the lower Rooms, and in the lower Parts, the higheft Rooms: Moveover, this City is fo fituated,. that in all Parts, though on the higheft Ground, it is abun¬ dantly ferved with Pump-water, and thofe Pumps in many Places not fix Foot deep in the Ground. [Grofiienor and Ham¬ mer Buildings are fupply’d with Water from a fine Refervoir in Hide-Park, to which the Water is brought from the Tbami by Cuts made between the Grounds belonging to Wa¬ ter-works, and from thence convey’d in Pipes to the faid Refervoir.] SCtaBE,] The vaft Traffick and Commerce whereby this City floufiihes, may be gueffed at chiefly by the Cuftoms which are paid for all Merchandize imported or exported, which in. the Port of London only, without computing the Cuftoms of other Cities, did lately amount to 330,000 Pounds a Year, and thofe of all England befides, to above three times that Sum, and are now above 1,300,000 /. a Year, at a Medium, in Time of War: And next, by the infinite Number of Ships, which, by their Mails, refemble a Foreft, as they lie along the Thoms , befides many that are fent forth every Year, to carry and fetch Commodities to and from all Parts of, the known Worlds whereby it comes to pafs, that no fmall Number of Merchants Book III. of G R E A T-B RI T AIN. 207 of London Lt Wealth, for (lately Houfes within the City for Winter, and without for Summer; for rich Furniture,-plentiful Tables, and honourable Living; for great Eftates in Money and land, &c. excel fome Princes in diverfe of our neighbouring Nations. Of the G 0 v e R N m E N t of the City of London.. T H E Government of this City, confidering the Greatnefs and Populoufoefs thereof, is admirable.' CcCleGatfical(Etobemment.] The Eccleffajlical Government is by a Bifhop, who is fubjeft to the Archbifhop of Canter- bur}: The See of London, fince its Foundation by the Saxon Converts, foon after Auguftine the Monk’s coming hither, has been conftantly governed by an uninterrupted Succeflion of Biihops for above 1 iooYears: In which Space there are reckoned 92 Biihops of London. To this Cathedral alfo belongs a Dean, three Refidentiaries, a Treafurer, Chancellor, Precentor, and thirty Prebendaries. For the Ecclefiaftical Government of the feveral Parilhes, there are placed many excellent Divines, that have the Cure of Souls, a Reftor or Vicar for every Pariih ; and thefe have for a long Time had the moil excellent Way of Sermonizing in Cbijlendom ; infomuch as diverfe Divines of foreign 'Refomei Churches have come hither on purpofe to learn their Manner of Pulpit-Oratory. For maintaining thefe Minillers, with their Families, there is, jn almoft every Pariih, a Parfonage or Vi- carage-Houfe, and in moll a competent Allowance in Tithes: But fince the great Fire, there is an Allowance fettled by A£t of Parliament in thofe Parilhes which were burnt down, upon every Reftor or Vicar ; by which Aft none of them have le£ fettled than 100 /. or more-than zoo /. per Annum : And to fave Building, Churches being rather too thick before the Fire, by the fame Adi of Parliament, two Parilhes, where the old Churches were burnt, have now but one Church and one Mi¬ nuter between them : So that there are not much above, half fo “ a ny Churches in the City as were formerly. Cibil ©Obcrnmeilt.] The Civil Government is not (as at Paris, Rome, Madrid, Vienna, and other Capital Cities) in fome Nobleman, or Lawyer, who is fet over the City by the King, as Supreme Governour j or as it was in the Time of the Sax- when he was called the Portgerefa, that is. Cups or Guardian ; and fometimes Provoft of London. But after the coming in of the Normans . the chief Magiftrate was called Bal- Ipus from the French Word Bailler, Tradere, Committere, that 'Ifommijfarius, or one that hath Commilfion to govern others. J here were fometimes two Bailiffs of London, ’till King Ri- fuwv/the Firlt, Anno 1189, changed the Name of Bailiff into 2o 8 C&epjefent 3 >tate Parti. (Elfttion.] He is ufually chofen on Mi- thaelmas-Uay by the Livery-Men, or Members of the feveral Companies within the faid City out of the 26 Aldermen, aII Perfonsof great Wealth and Efteem : In which Election the Senior Alderman, that hath not been Mayor, hath ufually tie Precedence; yet in this Particular the faid Eledtors fometimes take a Liberty. Jjijff aiUtfjO^itp.] His Authority reaches not only over this great City, and Part of the Suburbs, but alfo on the famous River of Thames : Ealhvard, as far as Yendale or Yenleet, and the Mouth of the River Medway ; and Weftward, as far as Cokey-Ditch, above Stains-Bridge. He hath a Privilege, by Charter, to hunt in Middlefex, EJfex, and Surry; and for this Purpofe is always maintained a Kennel of Hounds, as aforementioned. He hath Power to punilh or correft all that fhall annoy the Stream, Banks, or Fiih j and for that End be yearly keeps feveral Courts in the Counties adjacent to the Thames, for Confervation of the River, and Punilhment of Offenders ; only the Strength and Safety of the River againib an Invafion, and fecuring Merchandizing and Navigation, by Block-Houfes, Forts and Cattles, is the immediate Care of the King. &021) ©apo?0 Court# of luOicature.] To the Lord- Mayor ana City of London belong divers Courts of Judicature of high Importance. The highft and moft ancient Court, is that called the HuJI- ings, from the DaniJh-Hus-ding, i. e. Domus Judidi, which pre- ferves the Laws, Rights, Franchifes, and Cuftoms of the City. There is alfo a Court of Requejl, or C 'onfcience; fo called, becaufe meddling with nothing above 40 s. Value. There the Oath of the Creditor himfelf is accepted. The Court of the Lord-Mayor and Aldermen, where alfo the Recorder and Sheriffs, who are Aldermen, or elfe ufually chofen. upon the next Vacancy, fit: Two Courts of the Sheriffs. The'Court of the City Orphans, whereof the Lord-Mayor and Aldermen have the Cuftody. The Court of Common-Council, confiding (as the Parliament of Great-Britain) of’two Houfes; one for the Lord-Mayor and Aldermen, and the other for the Commoners; in which Courts are made all By-Laws, which bind all the Citizens of London: For every Man, either by himfelf, or by his Reprefen- tative, gives his Affent thereunto ; wherein confifts the great Happinefs of the Bnglijh Subjefls, above all the Subjects of any other Prince in the World, that neither in Laws, nor By-Laws, neither in Taxes, nor Impofts, any Man is bound but by his own Confent. There Book III. Of G R e at-B r i t a i n. .209 There is another Court of the Chamberlain of the City, to whom belongs the Receipts of the Rents, and Revenues of the City; and to his Court belongs the Bufinefs of Apprentices; over whom he hath a great Authority. To the Lord-Mayor alfo belongs the Courts of Coroner and Efcheater ; and another Court for the Confervation bf the River of Thames Laftly, the Court of Goal-Delivery, held ufually eight Times a Year at the Old-Bailey, both for the City and Middle/ex, for the Trial of Criminals, whereof the Lord-Mayor is the Chief There are other Courts, called Wardmotes, or the Meeting of Wards, whereof there are z6 in the whole City; in which Court Enquiry is made into all Things that can conduce to' the Regulating and Well-governing of the City; alfo the Court of Balmote, of Alfembly of every Guild or Fraternity,' for re-’ gulating what belongs to each Company in particular. . I|i3 §}tate,] His State and Magnificence is remarkable wheii he appears abroad, which in former Times was moftly oii Horfe-back, with rich Caparifon, himfelf always in long Robes, fometimes of Scarlet Cloth richly fiirr’d, and fome- times Purple, and over his Robes a Hood of black Velvet, which, fome fay, is a Badge of a Baron of the Realm, with a great Chain of Gold about his Neck,, or Collar of SS’s, with a great rich'Jewel pendent thereon, with many Officers, walking before and. on all Sides of him ; but more especially on the 29th of OSaber, when he goes to Wejlminfier in his Barge, accompanied with all the Aldermen, all his Officers; all the feveral Companies; or Corporations, in their feveral ilately Barges, with their Arms, Colours and Streamers; and having there in the BwcA^aer-Chamber taken his folemn Oath to be true to the King, returns in like Manner to the Hall of his own Company, or to Guild-Hall (that is, the great Com¬ mon-Hall of Guilds, or incorporated Fraternities) where is prepared for him and his Brethren a moil: fumptuous Dinner; to which many of the great Lord? and Ladies, all the Judges 0? the Land, and oftentimes-the Lords of his Majefty’s molt Honourable Privy-Council; alfo foreign Ambafladors are in¬ vited; and our Kings and Queens have often been pleafed to honour the Feaft with their Prefence. This great Magillrate,- upon the Death of the King, is faid to be prime Perion of England; and therefore when King James I. was-invited to tome and take the Crown of England, Robert Lee, then Lord- Mayorof Loudon, fubfcribed in the iirll 'Place before all the great Officers of the Crown and all the Nobility, r T 1 ?. Mayor of London, tho’ always a Citizen, hath been of iuch high Repute and Eiteem, that in all Writing and Speak- w g-to him, the Title of Lord is prefixed,, which is given to r -one others, but either to Noblemen, to Bilhops, Judges, and 2io C&e p^fettt atate Parti, of later Time, to the Mayor of York, or to fome of the high, eft Officers of the Realm: He is alfo, for his great Dignity ufually Knighted by the King before the Year of his Mayoral! ty be expired. The Lord.Mayor, on the Day of the Corona¬ tion, claims to be Chief Butler, and to bear the Cup amort the higheft Nobles of the Kingdom, which ferve on that Day in their Offices. His Table is, and alfo the Table of each Sheriff, fuch, that it is not only open all the Year to all Comers, Strangers, and Others, that are of any confiderable Quality, but fo well ftj. nilhed, that it is fuppofed to be always fit to receive the great- eft Subjeft of England, or of other Potentate : Nay, it is re- corded, that a Lord-Mayor of London hath feafted four Kings at once at his Table. Alfo for the Grandeur of the Lord-Mayor, there is allow- ed above 1000 1. a Year for his Sword-bearer’s Table in the Houfe of the Lord-Mayor. His Domeftick Attendance is very Honourable: He hath . four Officers that wait on him, who are reputed Efquires by their Places 5 that is. The Sword-bearer. The Common-Hunt, who keepeth a good Kennel of Hounds for the Lord-Mayor’s Recreation abroad. The Common-Crier. , The Water-Bailiff. J&Ijeriff#.] The two Sheriffs of this City are alfo Sherifis of the County of Middlefex, and are annually chofen by the Citizens of London from among themfelves, in the Guild-Hall, upon Midfummer Day ; a high Privilege, among many others, anciently granted to this City by feveral Kings and Queens of this Kingdom j but they are not fwom ’till Micbaelmas-Eve, and are foon after prefented at the Exchequer, to be allowed by the Barons, and fwom : After which they enter upon their Office., If either of the Perfons fo chofen refitfe to hold, he incurs a Penalty or Fine, of 400 /. unlefs he will fwear he is not worth 10,000 l. [’Tis lately raifed to 15,000 /.] atsecmen.] The 26 Aldermen prefide over the z6 Wards of the City : When any of thefe die, the Wardmote return two, and the Lord-Mayor and Aldermen choofe one out of the moft fubftantial Men of the City: If any fo chofen refufe to hold, he is ufually fined joo /. All the Aldermen that have been Lord-Mayors, and the three eldeft Aldermen that have not yet arrived to that honourable Eftate, are by their Charter J uftices of the Peace of this City. [His prefent Majeity hath lately made all the Aldermen Julb'ces of the Peace, who fit by Rotation one at a time every Day in Guildhall.-] ■ Stje SCUJelbe Companif#.] The Traders of London are divided into Companies, or Corporations, and are fo many Bodies Book III. Of Great-Britain. 211 Bodies Politick : Of thefe there are r z, called the chief Com¬ panies ; and he that is chofen Lord-Mayor, moll be free of one of thefe Companies; which are, I. Mercers, 5. Goldfmiths, g. Salters, z. Grocers, 6. Skinners, 10. Ironmongers, 3. Drapers, 7. Merchant-Tailors, 11. Vintners, 4. Fijhmongers, 8. Haberdajbcrs, iz. Clothviorkcrs. All thefe 1 z Companies have llately Halls. And if it happen that the Lord-Mayor EIe6l is of any other Company, he prefently removes to one of the Twelve. It hath been the Cuftom of fome of our Kings to honour fome of thefe Companies, by taking their Freedom thereof; as his late Majefty King William was pleafed to be made free of the Drapers Company, one of his Predeceffors of the Grocers, Sec. Each Company, or Myftery, hath a Mailer annually chofen from among themfelves, and hath other fubordinate Go¬ vernors, called Wardens, or Affiilants: Thefe do exa&ly cor- refpond to the general Government of the City, by a Lord- Mayor and Common-Council, who are felefted out of thefe feveral Companies ; fo excellent an Harmony there is in that Government. There are befides 74 other Companies,- or Corporations, all enjoying large Privileges, by Royal Charters granted unto them, and moil of them fair Halls to meet in. Of the Government of the City a/Westminster. T H E Goverment of the City of WESTMINSTER is diftinft from that of London, tho’ both Cities and their Liberties are contiguous; for they have neither Mayor, She¬ riff, nor Aldermen: But initead of a Lord-Mayor, they have an High-Steward, who is ufually one of the prime Nobility. The High-Steward of Wejlminfter is chofen by the Dean and Chapter, and holds this high Office durante vita. The Nature of his Office is not much unlike the Chancellorlhip of an Uni- The Dean and Chapter here are inveiled with Ecclefiailical and Civil Jurifdiftion, as the Vice-Chancellor is in an Univer- %; and not only within the City of Wejlminfter, but within the Precinfls of St. Martin’s-le-Grand, near Cheapjide, London ; and in fome Towns of Effex, exempted as well from the Jurif¬ diftion of the Bifhop of London, as from that of the Arch- bifliop of Canterbury. The Under-Steward of Weftminfter 'is likewife an Officer of great Note, and initead of a Sheriff, he holds this honourable Office durante ‘vita. The High-Bailiff is an Officer of Honour and Profit, named by the Dean, and confirmed by the High-Steward s he holds likewife for Life. P 2 Thi» 2i2 Clje latent State Pant This City hath two Precinfts; in each a Burgefs is annually choien out of the wealthieft Citizens, by the reft of the Bur- geffes, who reprefent Aldermen. , • For Ecclefiaftical'Caufes, as Probate of Wills, it hath a Royal Jurifdiflion, under a Commiffary; from whom no Appeal muft be, only to the King, in his High Court of Chancery. &OUtt)toiirfe] was granted by Letters-Patent of EdwariVl to be counted as one of the Wards of London, by the Name of Bridge-Ward without, and is governed by one of the 26 Alder¬ men of London. ’Tis vaftly large, rich, and populous ; a great Part of it hath been burnt down fome Years fince the great Fire of London ; But all thofe Ruins are now beautifully -repaired. Citp SCraineO»53an5fi,] At the Time of the Happy Re- ftauration of King Charles the Second, there were in LmJm and Liberties, fix Regiments of Trained-Bands, and fix Regiments of Auxiliaries, and one Regiment of Horfe ; bat in cafe of Need, it is certain, that in London, and within the Liberty, there may in few Days be raifed 40,000 Men, befides Southwark, One Regiment of Trained-Bands 1500 Men ; the Hamlets of the Tower Two Regiments, in all 3000 Men; then Hollourn Regiment, and Wejlminjler Regi¬ ment 2000 each; and in cafe of Neceflity they can raife 20,000 more. 3!rti(l£rp Company. ] Befides thefe Trained-Bands and Auxiliary Men, there is the Artillery Company, which is a Nur- fery of Soldiers, and hath been fo above 60 Years. This Company confifts of 600 Men. Their Officers are,’ a Leader, two Lieutenants, two Enfigns, two Serjeants, a Provoft-Mar- fhal, three Gentlemen of Arms, &c. They have alfo a Court- Marfhal, confiding of a Prefident and 24 Members of the Company. On the fecond Tuefday. in February is a general Rendezvous every Year. $ublicfe SuilDtngsQ in this Noble City are very many and magnificent, thofe mod efpecially that are confecrated to the Worfhip of GodFor, befides the Royal Chapels of White-hall and St. James's, that fpacious one of Guild-Hall, and many others, there are 135 Parifh-Churches, befides Chapels, and new Churches. To begin with that celebrated j Piece of Architecture, the Cathedral Church of St. Paul: It was firft founded by Seghert, a Saxon King, Anno 610, in a Place, faith Mr. Selden, where had flood a Temple of Diana. But the Commentator on Antonias's Itinerary, fuppofes our Anti¬ quary not to be in earneft, when he fays, London was called Lhan D.iea, i. e. The Temple o/"Diana. Afterwards it was en¬ larged by Erienwald, the fourth Bifhop of this See. The greateftPart was deftroyed by Fire, 108S, in a general Con¬ flagration of almjft the whole City, and rebuilt by Mauri- Book III. of Great-Britain, 213 tiui, the 35th Bilhop, but not finilhed ’till 1221. It was 690 Foot long, that is 20 more than St. Peter's in Rome. The Jfew, or Body, of the Church, 102 Foot high, 130 broad ; j ; ts Area 3 Acres and a Half; its Tower in the Middle (for it was built as other Cathedrals, crofs-wife) 520 Foot high, be- iides a Bowl of Copper gilt, 9 Foot in Compafs j on which was a Crofs 15 Foot and a half high; and on that an Eagle- Cod of Copper guilt, 4 Foot long. It is now rebuilt with greater Solidity, Magnificence and Splendor, by the late moil renowned Architect Sir Chrijiopher IVrtn. The next is that ancient ftately Abby-Church of Wefimin- Jkr, founded before the Norman Conqueft by the pious King Edward the Confejfor, and molt richly endowed ; afterwards rebuilt from the Ground by King Henry III. with that rare Architecture now feen, wherein are the moil magnificent j Tombs and Monuments of our Kings and Queens, of our mated Nobles and famous Worthies of England. To the Ealt End of which is added a Chapel of King Henry VII. ! which, for the moil admirable artificial Work without and I within, for a Monument of maffy Brafs, moil curioufly wrought, and other Maiter-pieces of Art, is fcarce to be parallel’d in the World. - Thcfe are the two Mother-Churches of London and Weflmin- fir ; but it would be endlefs to fpeak particularly of all other' Churches of great Remark; as Bow-Church in Cheap-fide, whofe coltly Tower, for Solidity, Beauty, and a Ring of Dells, is rivaled by none but St. Brides. The fpacious Church' of Covent-Garden hath not one Pillar in it befides thofemag- nifcent ones of its Portico; the Roof of which being fiat and plain, is yet fubftantially fupported by mylterious Work- manlhip. The Amplitude and Statelinefs of diverfe other Churches is very wonderful; as Chrijl's-Church, St. Andrew's- Bolhmrn, St. Lawrence's, where there are two celebrated ■ Weekly Leisures, St. MichaeV s Cornhill, St.. Margaret's, St.',- James's, and St. June's Wejlminjler; St. Brides, where the Hofpital, or Spittal-Sermons in Eafter-Week have been com¬ monly held; St. Margaret's Weftminfier, where the Sermons ore on all folemn Occafions preached before the Honourable Houfe of Commons. [There are many of the newly erected jo Churches, which exceed any other Pariih-Churches of Lon-, •hi, in the Beauty of thgir Architecture and Dimenfions.] P 3 Palaces 214 fjcfent ®tate Patti. Palaces and Houfes belonging to the Crow n. N EAR to the Abby-Church of Wejlminpr flood the Royal Palace and ufual Place of Refidence for the Kings of England, who ordinarily held their Parliament and all their Courts of Judicature in their Dwelling-Houfes (as was done st Paris by the Kings of France, in the JJle de Nope Dame, and is at this Day at Madrid by the King of Spain) and many times fat themfelves in the faid Courts of Judicature, as they do Dill fometimes in their Court of Parliament. A great Part of this fpacious Palace was in the Time of Henry VIII. deftroyed by Eire; what remaineth hath been ftill employed for the Ufe of the Lords and Commons affembled in Parliament, for the chief Courts of Judicature, and for the King’s Treafury. The Great Hall, where the Great Courts of King's-Bench, Comma- Pleas, and Chancery are kept, fome fay was built by William Rufus ; others, by Richard I. or II. which, for all its Dimen- ions, is not to be equall’d by any Hall in Chripndom, It is, including the Walls, juft 300 Foot long, and 100 broad; the Height proportionable to its other ample Diroenfions, and the Roof of Trijh Oak. . Cottonian ftifyarp.] This Library was placed by Sir h- here Cotton in his Houfe at Wejlminpr, where it flood in the Room which is thought to have been Edward the Confeffors Oratory, all the while that Cotton-Houfe was in the Poffeffioj of that worthy Family, which it was ’till very lately, when Sir join Cotton (Great Grandfon of Sir Robert ) fold the Honfe to the late Queen, to be a Repofitory of her Library, along with that which formerly belong’d to his Anceftors. After which Alienation, the Books were removed into a more con¬ venient Room (the former being very damp) and Cotton Hoofs was wholly fet a-part for the Ufe of the King’s Library, Keeper, who has there the Royal and the Cotton Libraries immediately under his Eye ; of which laft Collection, in its' Kind the moft excellent that is in England, I lhall give this fhort Account. [This Library was lately kept in a Houfe at Wejlminpr, purchafed by the Crown of the Lord AJkbm- ham, where there happenfng a Fire in the Year 1735, the Books were fome of them damaged : It was removed from thence to the new Dormitory belonging to Weflminpr-Sdiool, and is iince removed to the old Dormitory, where it is to remain ’till a commodious Room is built affigned for its Reception.] This noble Library conflfts wholly of Manujcripts, and as they are now bound up together, are not above a fhoufanl. The Subject chiefly aimed at by Sir Robert Cotton, was the Hipry of England, whereunto he was naturally inclined, and in which he came to be a great Mailer ; and confequendy his Collections lean’d principally that way 5 though he feems ■ 3 ta Book III. Of Great-Britain. 215 to have been ready either to buy or receive any other Curiofity which had no relation to his main Defign. By a continual Purfuit of this Defign, he gathered together j molt prodigious Colleftion j nay, it feemed as if Things had fallen out on purpofe to enrich his Library. He lived at a Time when there were many noble Books yet remaining in Private Hands, which had been taken from the Monafteries at their Diffolution, and from our Vniverfities and Colleges, &c. at their Vifttation. He lived alfo at a Time when diverfe ftudious and learned Men died, who made it their chief Bufinefs to fcrape up the fhattered Remains of our Monallical Libraries, and either by Legacy or Purehafe, he became Mailer of all which he thought valuable in their Studies. By this Means hefaved fo many Books, Charters, &c. which had formerly been fearched out of Holes and Corners by the famous Jofceline, Noel, Allen,- Lambard, Bowyer, Effing, Camden , and very : many others: And as his Intent was publicly known, fo thofe who fought after his Favour (as well as his Money) knew no better Way of obtaining it, than by bring¬ ing unto him fome one or other Piece of Antiquity. His Colledlions being (by many confiderable Acceflions) grown very numerous, were confecrated to Pofterity in the Place I mentioned before, he having repaired it, and taken fufficient Precautions againll Fire, which has hitherto been the common Deftroyer of almoft all the celebrated Libraries of former Ages. The Books are not fet out for Oftentation, dr a pompous Shew, but fo put together as to be of greateft Ufe to the Student: And very many Trafts being bound up in one Cover, the Value of his Books encreafed as he leflened the Number of his Volumes. I have before faid, That .his main Defign was the Hifiory of England; but in relation to the Whole, his Books may be ranked under thefe Heads: I. Hiftories and Chronicles, written on that Subjeft Ex frofeffo, together with other lhorter Annals, which ferved as Attendants on larger Pieces. II. Regiller-Books of the Monafteries, with their Hiftories, Annals, Benefaftion-Books, and infinite other Matters. III. Original Charters and Inftruments of our Kings, Queens, Biihops, Nobility, &c. IV. Original Letters of our Kings, Queens, Royal Family, « other Sovereign Princes, other Nobility, eminent Scholars, 2X6 &f>e P?CfCltt State Part I. V. Original Inftrudtions to Ambaffadors, (Ac. Petition^ Treaties, and Tranfadlions between England arid t(iofe 'oil® Kingdoms and Republicks'it had any Concern with. VI. Originals and Tranfcripts of our publick Records. VII. Genealogies and other Treatifes and Memoirs relating (o all the Bufinefs of Heraldry, Church Hifory of England from the Beginning of Chriftianity here to theTime of KingJWj,. efpecially about theTime of the Diffolution of Abbies, aid lie Reformation by King Henry VIII. and Edw. VI. VIH. Remains of the Learning and Piety of our.Sara An- ceftors, in Books as well Saxon as Latin. In Saxon are many S ironicles in England, Laws of the Saxon Kings, Books of omilies, Pieces of the Holy Scriptures, Prayers, Tranflatiom of many Latin Authors, Tranfcripts of Charters, and many Originals, Gloffaries, &c. of all which (and of thofe in out other .Englijb Libraries) a Catalogue bath been publijhei with furprifwg Accuracy and Diligence, by the ingenious Mr. Hum- ‘ phrey Wanley, whereby we are now apprized of the Treafms of that bind, of which we are fill pojfefsd; as that grtot Critick of the Northern Languages, the late Dr. Hicks, hi \ taifgbt us in his Thefaurus Linguarum Septentrionalium, it apply them to the befl Advantage. In Latin are diverfe ancient and curious Manutcripts, fuch as Books of the Holy Scripture, Prayer-Books, &c. belonging to our Kings, or other eminent Peribnages, Canons of the Councils, ancient Rituals, Lire and Paffions of the Saints, &c. IX. Diverfe excellent Manufcript Hiftories of other Nations, either in Latin, or iri their refpective Languages. X. Other Books, curipus in themfelves, tho’ not appertain¬ ing to the'Hiftory or Affairs in England: Such as the Frag¬ ments of the Gofpels in Greek, written all with Letters of Gold and Silver, which are thought to be the aided Pieces of ■ Writing in England. The Book of Gcncfis in Greek, being reputed to be the oldelt and mo ft magnificent Copy in the World. TheSamaritan Pentateuch, andniany other curious Oriental Authors. , ■ Sir Robert Cotton hadalfo a due Regard to Decency in the Difpofition of his Manufcripts ; placing the Head,of one of the twelve Roman Carfars over every Sett of Shelves, which giyes the Name to that Sett, adding the Heads of Cleopatra and Fauftina after Domitian : So that there are fourteen fuch Setts. Befides the Heads, which feem to be copied from the Antique Statues, it is adorned with Piftures, viz. of Sir Hu¬ bert Cotton, Sir Thomas and Sir John ) Judge Dodderidge, Sir Henry Spcltnan, Mr. Thomas Allen, John Buchanan, Mr. Cam¬ den, Sir William Dttgdale, Dr. Thomas James, Mr. Wiliam 1 m- 3ookIII. Of Great-Britain. 217 lari and Mr. John Speed; not to mention the old Altar- Piece, anciently belonging to St. Bartholomew's Hofpital, with other ancient, and fome choice Pidtures in the Houle. To make his Library a compleat Magazine of Antiquities, ' Sir Robert Cotton procured, alfo many of the Roman Lares and tutelar Gods, Weapons, &c. and a very line Sett of Coins, imw, Rritijb and Saxon ; a Guefs at which may be made by a View of Speed's Chronicle, wherein all the Coins and Seals were cut from the Originals, Hill extant in this fmall, but noble Library. As this valuable Library has received much Damage by the late Fire, a new Catalogue has been fince printed of all the valuable Manufcripts that now remain there. Of the Tower of London. F O R the Security and Defence of this famous City and River, there have been anciently diverfe Fortrelfes j but that called the Tower of London hath been eminent above all others: It is not only a Fort, or Citadel, to defend and com¬ mand both City and River, but a Royal Palace likewife, where our Kings, with their Courts, have fometimes lodged ; a Royal Arfenal, where are Arms and Ammunition for 60,000 Soldiers; the Treafury for the Jewels and Ornaments of the HUfi Crown ; the great Mint for coining of Gold and'Silver; the great Archive ; where are conferved all t the ancient Re¬ cords of the Courts of Wefiminfter, &c. the chief Prifon for the fafe Cuftody of great Perfons that are Criminals, in Matters of State : In the midft of it, the great white Square Tower was built by William the Conqueror. Within the Tower is one Parochial Church and a Royal Chapel, called Co;Jar's Chapel; but is now out of Ufe: The Church is called 5. Petri ad Vincula infra Turrim, exempt from all Ecclefiaftical Jurifdiftion of the Archbifhop, and is a Dona¬ tive bellowed by the King without Inftitution and Induffion. . <£o!Ufal)le Of -tljEHTotoCr.] The Tower of London, ’till the Beginning of Queen Elizabeth's Reign, was governed by a Conftahle, and fometimes by a Cufos Thera,and, in his Abfence, by a Lieutenant, or Deputy: They had the Government of the Tower fometimes during Life, fometimes Durante bene flarito; were Privy-Counfellors, and had their Refidence in the Royal Palace within the Tower, and fometimes had the Cuftody of the Armories, Stores, and Viftuals. lieutenant.] The next Officer in Command, is the chief Governor, or Lieutenant, of the Tower : He is, by Vertue of his Office, to be in Commiffion of the Peace for the Counties of Mddlcfex, Kent, and Surry, and is to act under and be jubordinate to the Conftable for the' Time being in all Filings touching the Execution of the faid Office of Confta- blej and, firing his Abfer.ee, to do, perform, and execute 2i8 €§e patent State > Parti. all Powers and Authorities, A£fe, Matters, and Things what- fcever, relating to the Execution of the Office of Conftable, m as ample Manner as if the Conftable were perfonally p re ! fcnt. He hath, for the Execution of his Office, a Salary of 200/. fir Annum, with all the Fees and Perquifites which Sir John Robinfon, or any other of his Predeceffors, ever had. He hath, as appurtenant to his Office, by Grants of diverfe of the former Kings of England, the Privileges of taking Unm lagmam, two Gallons and a Pint, ante malum £sf retro, be¬ fore and behind the Mali} and a certain Quantity out of every Boat laden with Lobfters and Oyfters, or any other Shell-fifh, which paffeth by the Tower, and takes Double the Quantity.out of every Alien’s Boat to what betakes out of the Natives. Every Perfon of the Quality of a Duke, being fent Prifoner to the Tower, pays zoo /. as his Fee. Every Ba¬ ron under the Degree of a Duke 100 /. and every Commoner 50/. He hath alfo a further Perquifite, the Difpofal of die 40 Yeomen-Warders Places as they die off. Under the Command of the Conftable (and, in his Abfence, of the Lieutenant) are the Gentleman-Porter, the Phylician, the 40 Yeoman-Warders, and the Gunner of the Tower. C&entleniatHdOJteh] The Gentleman-Porter, who holds his Place by Patent, hath Charge of the Gates, to lock up and open, and to deliver the Keys to the Conftable, and in his Abfence to the Lieutenant every Night, and to receive them of him in the Morning: He commands the Warders that are upon the Day’s Wait, and at the Entrance of a Prifoner hath for his Fee Vejiimenta Superiora, or elfe a Compofition for the fame, which is ufually 40 /. for a Peer, and 5 /. a-piece for others. Note, That the ancient Allowance from the King to a Duke, Prifoner in the Tower, was 12/. a Week, now but 4/. the like to aMarquifs; to other Lords anciently 10/. a Week, row 2 /. 4 r. 5 d. to Knights and Gentlemen heretofore 4/ a Week, now a 1. and 4 d. to indigent Prifoners now to s. ptt Week. Court of JRkO^OO-I In the Tower is an ancient Court of Record, held every Monday by Prefcription, for the Liberty of the Tower, of Debt, Trefpafs, and other Aftions of any Sum E r or lefler, whereof you may read in the 4th of Elk. s the ancient Liberty of the Tower, which adjoins to it, the old Artillery-Garden by Spital-Fields, and the Little-Mine- tries, are within the Tower-Liberty. The Gentleman-Porter of the Tower, for the Time being, hath the fame Power and Au¬ thority in the faid Liberty, as Sheriffs within their refpe&ve Counties; and he conftitueth Bailiffs thereof, to execute all fuch Procefs and Warrants as are direfled to them by the Stew¬ ards of the Court, and hath all Efcheats, Deadends, and-Goods of all Felons de fe. atarDftf. Book III. of Great-B ritain. 219 SSfltflfl#*] The Yeomen-Warders of the Tower are 40 in Number, who are accounted- the King’s Domeftick Servants* jnd are fwom by the Lord-Chamberlain of his Majefty’s Houlhold, or by the Clerk of the Checque : Their Duty is to attend Prifoners of State, and to wait at the Gates: Ten of them are ufually upon the Day’s Wait, to take an Account of all Perfons that come into the Tower, to enter their Names, and the Names of the Perfons they go to, in a Book, to be perufed by the Canftable, or Lieutenants. Two of them are upon the Watch every Night. SClie flDf&e atm Keeper of the Rccoms in tlje 2 Totoer.l The Office of his Majefty’s Records, kept in the Tower of Lon¬ don, is of very venerable Antiquity, and the Keeper and De¬ puty of the fame dignified with fpecial Truft. This Officer is firft recommended by the Maffiier of the Ms to the King ; and if he be found fitly qualified to execute that great Truft, he is admitted and fwom by the faid Mailer, and afterwards confirmed by the King’s Letters-Patent. It was before the taking away the Court of Wards of great Profit, but now not near fo confiderable.. As the Chapel of the Rolls in Qhancery-Lane, and Petty-Bag- Office, do fill with Records out of other Offices, they are tranf- mitted into the 'Tower, after fome Years; for it hath been the Wildom and Care of former Ages, to fend the Records of the: feveral Courts to the Tower, for their Prefervation and Safety, not only as a Policy jf State, but the particular Intereft of all Men having Eftates requiring it; there being many Prece¬ dents for it remaining in the Records of the Tower, and a particular Form of a Writ, to fend the Records in the Chapel of the Rolls to the Tower of London. The Records of the Tower, amongft other Things, contain the Foundation of Abbies, and other Religious Houfes; and. the Records in the Rolls contain the Diffolution of thofe Ab¬ bies, and the Donation of the Land of which many Families arenowpofleffed ; and if thofe Records were all in one Place, the People might have Accefs unto them all under one and the fame Search and Charge, which would be a great Eafe and Benefit to the People, and Safety to the Records of this Nation. Befides, the Records at the Rolls being joined to thofe in the Tower, will make a perfefl: Continuance of all the anci¬ ent Rights of the Englijb Nation, which are now fet forth in, the Records of the Tower ; whereof thefe following are a few pews, or Particulars, of them. Content# 220 • C&e Patent State Part i. ContcnfcS'Of fomc of tip -Keco$tf. The Leagues of foreign Princes, and the Treaties with them. All the Atchievements of this Nation in France, and other foreign Parts. ^ / • The Original of the Laws that have been enadted or re¬ corded, until the Reign of Richard III. TheEftablilhmentof Ireland in Laws and Dominions. The Dominion of the Britjh Seas, totally excluding both the French and Hollandert to filh therein without Licence from England, proved by Records before the Con'queft. The Intereft of the IJle of Man, and the IJles of Jcrfif, Gusrnfey, Stark, and Aldernay; which four laft are the remain¬ ing Part of the Norman PolTeffion. The Title of the Realm of France, and how obtained; And all that the Engs and Princes of this Land have, until that Time, done abroad, or granted, or confirmed unto their Subjefts at home or abroad. Tenures of all the Lands in England; Extents or Surveys of Manours and Lands; Inquifitions foji morion, of infinite Ad¬ vantage upon Trials of Intereft orDefcent. Liberties and Privileges granted to Cities and Towns cor¬ porate, or to private Men, at Court-Leets, Waifs, Eltrays, Markets, Fairs, Free-Warren, Felons Goods, or what elfe could come to the Town, or pafs out of it^ Several Writs, Pleadings, and Proceedings as well in Chan¬ cery as in all the Courts of Common-Law and Exchequer. Infpextntus's and Enrolments of Charters and Deeds made and done before the Conqueft; Deeds or Contra&s between Party and Party; and the juft Eftablilhments of all the Offices in the Nation. The Metes and Bounds of alltheForefts in England, with the feveral refpedlivc Rights of the Inhabitants therein to Common of-Failure, fjV. Befides many other Privileges ' and Evidences, which are too long to be here repeated or inferted; And are therefore in the Petition of the Commons of Eng¬ land in Parliament, Anno 46 Edward III. Numb. 34. laid to ■ be the perpetual Evidence of every Man’s Right, and the Re¬ cords of this Nation, without which no Story of the Nation can be written or proved. Thefe Records are repofited within a certain Place, or Tower, called Wakefield-Tower, adjoiningto the Bloody-Tower. Near Traitor’s Gate there is another Place, called Julius Cctfar'% Chapel, in the white Tower: The going up to this Chapel is in Cold-Harlour, 84 Steps up, with 6 or 8 great Pillars on each Side; and at the upper End thereof there was a Marble Altar, which gas demolilhed in the Civil War, There Book ill. Of Great-Britain. 221 There are many Cart-Loads of Records lying in this Place, oat of which Mr. Prymie, late Keeper of the fame, with inde¬ xible Labour collected and printed many of publick Utility, Anno 1659, 1660, 1662, 1664, in three feveralVo- iinnes .’ the fecond beginning Prim Regis Johannis ; for before* that Time there was no Rolls, but only Chart# Miana, or ancient Tranfcripts, made and done before aid iinc’e the Conqueil, until the Beginning of King John. There follows his Son Henry III. where the firft Office, fofi »rf«, begins; then there is Edw. I. II. and III. Rich. II. Bnny IV. Henry V. Henry VI. and Edw. IV. and Inquifrtions, pjl mortem, of Richard III. who reigned only three Years. The Rolls of that King are in the Chapel of the Rolls in Ckmry-Lane. [Hie federal ®ar&0 on tljc idjiclj contain tlje Jitawtis.] The Rolls of the Tower are varioufly diilinguiffied, viz. Ro- tili Patentium, Chartarum, Parliamentorum, Claufarum, Pinium, Salia, Vafconire, Fraud#, Hiberni#, Wallite, Normanni#, Ale- mmice, Oblatce, Liberate, Extralhe, Perambulationss Forejl#, Sm/sg. Rotul. Marefchal. Rome, de Treugis, Chart, {s’ Patent, fed. in fartibus tranfmarinis. Patent, de Domibus Judarorum, jntiBion, de pardonation, de Subjidiis, Viagiis, Sec. Stapulce, cum altis aliis, which are lately depifted upon the Outfide of every Frefs in the Repofitory belonging to each King’s Reign; and very eafily to be brought forth for the Ufe of the Client by Tables of Orders hanging up in the faid Office, and fubferibed hy the Keeper thereof. 'The fame is to be kept open, and conftantly attended for all Reforters thereto, from the Hours of 7 to 11 of the Clock in the Morning; and from 1 to r in the Afternoon, every Day of the Week, except in the Months of December, January and February ; and in them from 8 ’till 11 in the Morning, and from 1 ’till 4 in the Afternoon, except on Holy-Days, pablick Falls, and Thankfgiving-Days, and Times of great Dffice Of flDjtinanre.] Within the Tower is kept the Of- f- ce of his Majelty’s Ordnance, having the Superintendence, Ordering and Difpofing as well of the Grand Magazine in the Tb-iue/-, as at Woolwich, Chatham, Port/mouth, Upnor-Cajlle, Pljmutb, Hull, Berwick and elfewhere; wherein generally, in Times of Peace, there is Powder to the Quantity of about 14 on 5000 Barrels, with Arms for Horfe and Foot, Ordnance, “hot, and other Stores proportionable, as well for Sea as land, lodged in their feveral Store-houfes apart, with great Order and Care, for the better preferving, and more fpeedy Difpatch in delivering out the fame, as the King’s Occafion 222 Cfie p*efent Sitate Part i, fhall require; which may not only defend England, but u formidable to all our Neighbours. It is under the Gqv W i - ment in chief of the Matter of the Ordnance, who is coo! monly a Perfon of great Eminence and Integrity. TheChief Officers belonging to the Artillery are, fhe Majler of the Ordnance, | Clerk of the Ordnance, fhe Lieutenant-General, I Keeper of the Stores, Surveyor. | Clerk of the Deliveries, and the freafurer and Pay-Mafer, who all hold their Places by Patent under the Great-Seal. Of the M i n t. M oreover, in the fewer is kept the Office of the Mint; al¬ though the King hath Power to fetup a Mint in any other Place of this Kingdom. The Mint is a Corporation confining of the Warden, Matter, Workers, Moniers, &c. ’Twas to fettled by Charter of King Edward III. and confirmed by the feveral Kings fince. SRatfienOf tlje SKint.] In this Office are diverfePerfons of Quality and Worth, whereof the Principal is called the War¬ den and Keeper of the Exchange and Mint ; whofe Office is to receive the Silver and Gold brought in by the Merchants, Goldfmiths, or others, to pay them for it, and to overfee all the reft. The Fee 400 1 . per Annum. \ anti JMOitktr.] Next is the Mafter and Worked his Majefty’s Money of Gold and Silver, who receives the Bul¬ lion from the Warden, caufes it to be melted, delivers it to the Moniers; and when it is minted, receives it again from them. His Allowance formerly was not any Set-Fee, but according to the Pound Weight, as by an Indenture under the Great- Seal appeared. The Fee is now 500 /. per Annum. , Comptroller,] The third Office is the Comptroller, who fees that the Money be all made according to the juft Affize; to overfee the Officers, and comptrol them if the Money be not as it ought to be. His Fee is 300 /. per Annum. JMTajteipaCer.] The fourth is the AJfay-MaJier, who tries the Bullion, and iees that it be according to the Standard; whofe Fee is 230 /. per Annum. 31 SJOitO? 0 .] The fifth are the Auditors, to take theAccompts, and make them up. Their Fee is 20 1 . per Annum each. Sucbepoj of tlje ipelting.] Thelixth is the Surveyor d the Melting, who is to fee the Bullion call out, and not to be altered after it is delivered to the Melter; which is, after the Affay-Mafter hath made Trial thereof. The Fee 160 /• l tr gookIII- of Great-Britain. 223 Thefe Officers and Moniers of the Mint, have always been exempted from all publick Offices by Charter, gt. £at[)erineSu] Near the Tower is St. Catherines, an Hofotal, which hath a Royal Jurifdiftion for Ecclefiaftical Caies and Probate of Wills: The Matter of it has a confider- dle Revenue, and is ufually a Perfonof Quality: It hath alfa aCommiffary, from whom, if any will appeal, it mutt be to the Eng in his Court of Chancery only ; who thereupon iffueth oataCommiffion under the Great-Seal, as'in Appeals from tie Arches or Prerogatives. The like Jurifdiftion hath the Tower and Liberties, the Reftor of the Church being Commiffary. • WHITEHALL. T HE next Royal Palace of Note is Whitehall, belonging heretofore, to Cardinal Wolfe), feated between the Thames and a moft delectable and fpacious Park, foil of great Va¬ rieties. This Palace before the Fire happened, and con- fnmed the greateft Part of it, was incredibly large and commo¬ dious; but the nobleft Room in it, and which efcaped the faid Fire, is the Great Chamber, called the Banquetting-Hrmfe, bill by the famous Inigo Jones ; the like whereof, for Spa- doafnefs, Beauty, and exaft Proportion, no Room in Europe can parallel 5 the Ceiling .whereof was painted all by the Hand of the famous Sir Peter-Paul Rubens ; it is now converted in- toa Chapel. This hath been the moft conftant Place of R«- fidence of the Kings and Queens of England fince Henry the VUIth’s Time ’till the Fire, which happened in the Reign of King William III. In the Strand are two other Palaces belonging to the Crown. The; Savoy, a vaft Building, hrft ereftedall of Stone by htir Earl of Savoy and Richmond, Uncle to Eleanor, Wife to our King Henry III. who after purchafed the fame for her Son Edmund, Duke of Lancafler. Here are the Remains of a Ecclefiaftical College, or Hofpital, now confifting only of a Matter, called the Matter of the Savoy, which Place is now Want ; four Brothers, who are all Clergymen, and four poor Sifters. In this Houfe is an ancient Chapel, now ufed B the Parifh-Church of St. Mary Savoy ; but the greateft Part of it is turned intoaPrifon for Soldiers that defert, and for a Garrifon. The other is called Somerfet-Houfe, built by Edward, Duke of *■Uncle to King Edward VI. a beautiful and covenient qr 224 €&e Piefent State Parti Of the Cuftom-Houfe, Admiralty, N OT far below the famous Bridge of London, is placed tie Cujiom-Houfe, where is received and managed all tie Impofitions laid on Merchandize imported and exported from this City. In this Office are employed a great Number of Officers, whereof diverfe are of confiderable Quality and Ability. As firft, the Commiffioners, who have the whole Charge and Management of all his Majefty’s Cultoms (the Puij. Farms excepted) in all the Ports of .England j and likewife the Overlight of all Officers thereunto belonging. The prefent Commiffioners are Nine, and are allowed by the King a Salary of xooo l. each per Annum. The Commiffioners, and feveral of the chief Officers; hold their Places by Patent from the King; and the other Officers are appointed by Warrant from the Lord High-Treafurer, the Particulars of which we refer you to at the latter End of this Work. The Houfe where this great Office was formerly kept, being dellroyed by the late dreadful Fire, is now rebuilt in a much i more magnificent, uniform, and commodious Manner, by King Charles the Second, andcoft io,ooo/. the building. The General Poll-Office is a noble Stru&ure, built by the late Sir Robert Viner in Lombard-ftreet, and purchafed by King Charles II. The Admiralty-Office is a large new-built Houfe over again!! Whitehall. . GUILD-HJLLi I S the Great Court of Judicature for the City of lomhn ; a Itately Building, richly adorned with Tapeftry, Picture;, fcfr. Here are kept the Mayer’s Court, the Sheriff’s Court, and here the Judges fit upon Nifi Prius, &c. Belonging hereto is a fine Chapel for the Ufe of the Lord-Mayor and Court of Aldermen, unlefs upon Sunday/ and great Solemnities, when they go in their Formalities to St. Paul’s Church. Pablick SCHOOLS ^COLLEGES. T H E firft is ®lfliminCer?§cl)OOl.] There are two School- mailers of that renowned School and College belonging to the Abby of Weftminfter: Ten Officers are belonging to the College, and Forty Scholars, commonly called Kings Scholars^ who being chofcn out of the School, and put into Book III. of Gkeat-Britain. 225 the College, are there maintained ; and as they are fitted for theUniverfity, are elefted yearly away, and placed with cori- fiderable Allowances in Chriji-Church, Oxford, and Trinity- Cdlege, Cambridge, which are very different in their Duration, the former being for Life, the latter for a certain Time. To the Church of Weftminfttr belongs likewife a fair publick Li- braty, free for all Strangers in Termrtimeu St. PAUUs SCHOOL. B Efides, there are in London diverfe endowed Schools, which in other Countries would be fliled Colleges ; as St. Paul's School, founded r 51 z, by John Collet, Dodlor of Disunity, and .Dean of St. Paul's, for 153 Children to be taught there Gratis ; for which Purpofe he appointed a Matter, a Sub-Matter, or Ulher, and a Chaplain, with large Stipends forever; commit¬ ting the Overfight thereof to the Matter, Wardens, ^ndAffift- ants of the Mercers in London ; for his Father, Henry Collet , feme time Lord-Mayor of London, was of the Mercers Com¬ ply. This famous School, fituated in Paul's Church-Yard\ was burnt down 1666 ; and is now re-edify’d in a far more magnificent, commodious, and beautiful Manner. MERCHANT-TJTL.ORS SCHOOL. N EXT is that eminent School near Canon-Jlreet, built by Sir Tho. White, Alderman and Merchant-Paylor of London t the Noble Founder of St. John Baptifi College in Oxon. Here are 300 Scholars taught; 100 gratis ; 100 at 2 s. 6 d. a Quar¬ ter; and too at 5 s. a Quarter. To this School belongs 37 Fellowlhips in the faid College at Oxon; to which Scholars are from hence yearly eledled as Places become vacant. One Side of it Hands upon great Stone Pillars, in a large Court paved with Free-Stone. It hath a very fine Library belonging to it, and a large Houle for the Matter, with Apartments for each of the three Ufhers. At Mercers-Chapel in Cheapjide is an excellent School, be¬ longing to the moft Beneficent and Worlhipful Company of Mercsrs. Belonging to Chrijl's-Hofpital is another famous Grammar Free-School. And near St. Martinis Church, in the Liberties of Wejlmin- ftr, is a very good Free-School, and an excellent Publick Li¬ brary; both of them, in the late Times of Popery, for the Security and Honour of the Proteftant Religion, founded by the moft Reverend Dr. Team fin, late Lord Archbifhop of Canterbury. Q That 226 C&eWettt&tate Parti. That at Ratcliff was founded by Nicholas Gibfon, Grocer of London, who built there an Alms-Houfe for 14 poor aged People. Of the COLLEGES in'LO^HOK \ T H E famous City of London may not unfitly be ftiled an TJniverfity ; for therein are taught all Liberal Arts and Sciences; not only Divinity, Civil Law, and Phyfick, which in other Univerfities are ufual, are read here, but alfo the Muni¬ cipal or Common-Law of the Nation is here taught,' and Degrees taken therein ; which can be faid in no other Nation: Moreover, all Sorts of Languages, Geography, Hydrography, the Art of Navigation; the Arts of Fortification, Anatomy,. Surgery, Chymijlry, Calligraphy, Brachigraphy, or Short-Hand ; the Arts of Riding, Fencing, Dancing Art-Military, Fire- Works, Limning, Painting, Enamelling, Sculpture, Architelture,- Heraldry ; all Sorts of Mufick; Arithmetic/, Geometry, AJlro- nomy, Grammar, 'Rhetoric/:, Poetry, and any other Thing that may any way contribute to the Accomplilhment of an ingenious Nobleman, or Gentleman. Sion-College, or the College of the London-CIergy. T HIS Houfe, fituate in the Parilh of St. Alphage, within Cripple-gate, has been a Religious Houfe Time out of Mind; fometimes under the Denomination of a Priory, or College ; fometimes under that of a Spittal, or Hofpital, as at its Mo- lution, 31 Henry VIII. it was called Elfying-Spittal, from William Eljying, Mercer, who founded it Anno 1329,3 Edvilll. ’Tis now, and has been fince 6 Car. I. a Complication of both : ’Tis a College for the Ufe of all the London Minifters, jReftors, Vicars, Lecturers, and Curates, canonically inftituted and indufted, or that have Licence to preach within the City of London, from the Lord Bilhop of that Diocefe, who were incorporated by King Charles I. 1631, under the Name of the Prcfidcnt and Fellows o/'Sion-College, within the Cityof London, at the Prayer, of Dr. Thomas White, Vicar of St. Dunftms in the Weft, and one of the Refidentiaries of the Cathedral Church of St. Paul. ’Tis an Hofpital likewife for ten poor Men, and ten poor Women (the former within, the latter without the Gates of the Houfe); whereof four are to be nominated by the City of Briftol, where Dr. White was born ; eight by the Mer¬ chant-Taylor'& Company; fix by the Parilh of St. Dunjlath in the Weft, where he was Miuifter 49 Years; and two by St. Gre¬ gory's near St. Paul’s, where he lived above 20 Years, unlefs any of his poor Kindred appear, who are always iirlt to be confidered by the Electors, the Prefident, two Deans, and four - Jfftftmtt, Book III. of Great-Britain. . 227' jffants, who are annually chofen out of the RcBors and }’icars of London, as Governors of this College and Bofpita!, libjeft to the yifitation of the Lord Bijhop of London. And that no Helps might be wanting for promoting thefe e us Intentions of the Founder, another London Minijier y fupply’d, at 2C00 /. Charge,what he either overlook’d, or could not fultai.ij Mr. John Simpfon, Re£lor of St. Olave' s aHart-Jlreet, and one of Dr. White's Executors, built here a Italy Library, for the Clergy of the City principally, but not excluding other Students, who have the free Ufe of it under certain RefiriFtions, which are printed and hung up in that fair Room, not inferior to many of the bell Libraries in either of our two famous Vniverfities. This Library was at firll well Hocked by the generous Muni¬ ficence of its Founder, and other yearly Benefaflors; fuch were tie Right Honourable Sir PaulBayning, Vifcount Sudbury, his Tifcsmtefs, Sir Paul Pindar, Sir Georgy Croke, Elizabeth Vifcountefs Camden, Brion Walton, Lord Bifhop of Chejler, fe- veral Aldermen of London, with moll of the Clergy thereof; atlength it was fo augmented, that the Books belonging to the Cathedral at St. Paul's, which were carried firll to Camden- Hmfe, and thence brought hither 1647, that foon after, Anno 1656, the then Library-Keeper, Mr. Spencer, publilhed a large Catalogue of them in Quarto, under this Title, Catalogus Uni- wfalis Librorum omnium in Bibliotheca Collegij Sioiiij apud bdmenfes, &c. Befides the Library, there has been built by the Contribu- tions of the Fellows of this College, and what they could pro¬ cure of well-difpofed Perfons, a Hall well finilhed, a Houfe adjoining to it, called the Prejident's Lodgings, with feveral Clambers defigned for Students, and are generally filled with Rkijiers of the neighbouring Parilhes, who cannot well be letter fitted any where, or at more reafonable Rates, ’till tlcir Parfonage-Houfes return into their own PolTelfion. 0 / the Commiffion for Building Fifty New Churches. TT having been obferved, That the great Number of Diflenta i ers in and about London and Wefiminjier, did in part pro¬ ceed from the late prodigious Increafe of the Buildings and In¬ stants, without any proportionable Provifion being made w the Cure of Souls; fome of the Parilh-Churchcs in the out -arts of thofe Cities being not able to contain a third or fourth f3 rt of their Parilhioners. . ™d it being farther certain, that -the Growth of Popery jjrcrj' much owing to the exorbitant Extent and Compafs of anihes, whereby the Millionaires of that Church may keep “Mifelves concealed from the Knowledge of the MiniHer of Q.2 the Cfje pefent State Parti. the Parifh, and pervert and feduce feveral of his Flock, -with- out the leaft Notice taken thereof: The only proper Expedi¬ ent which could be thought upon for redrefling fuch great In- conveniencies and growing Mifchiefs, was to build as many New Churches as the Neccffity of. the Cafe required; or at leaft fo many as might alleviate the Evils of which we com¬ plained, and to make them Parochial, with all the necelfiry Privileges for the regular Adminiftration of the Worlhip of the Church of England, under the Jurifdidlion of the proper Diocefan. And accordingly an Aft of Parliament was procu¬ red in the Ninth Year of the late QuCen, of pious Memory, en- tituled, An Aftfor granting to her Majejly federal Duties uftn Coals, for Building Fifty New Churches in and about the Cities ef London and Weftminfter, and Suburbs thereof, and other Pur- pofes therein mentioned: Whereby it is Enafted, That all forts of Coals and Culm, brought into the Port of the City of lm- don, do, from the 14th of May 1716, to the 29th of September next following, pay two Shillings per Chaldron, or Tun ; and from and after the 28th of September 1716, to the 28thof Sep¬ tember 1724, three Shillings per Chaldron, or Tun : And that the Sums of Money hence collefted, be paid into the Exche¬ quer, and appropriated for Building Fifty New Churches of Stone and other proper Materials, with Towers or Steeples to each of them ; and for purchafing of Sites of Churches and Church-Yards, and Burying-PIaces in, or near the Cities of London and Weftminfer, or the Suburbs thereof; and for making fuch Chapels or Churches as were already built, j and capable thereof, Parilh-Churches ; and for purchafing Houfes for the Habitations of the Minifters of the faid Parilhes. Of thefe ’Fifty New Churches, One was ordered to be erefted in the Parifh of Eajl-Greenwich in Kent ; and Six Thoufand Pounds per Annum moreover appropriated totvards the fulfill¬ ing Greenwich-Hofpital, and the Chapel thereunto belonging; and Four Thoufand Pounds per Annum towards the Repairing and Finifhing the Collegiate Church of St. Peters PFeftminf.tr. And for the better Beginning, Carrying on, and Effefting fo Religious a Work, it was farther provided by the faid AS, That upon the Credit thereof, Money fhould be borrowed at Six per Cent. Tax-free ; and that the Intereft due before the 14th of May 1716, fhould be fatisfied out of any Monies com¬ ing into the Exchequer on the Credit aforefaid. ' Now it is reprefented in this Aft, That all this was in Puriu- arice of her Majejly's Pious and Gracious Intentions to increafe the Number of Churches in or near the populous Cities of London and Wejlminjler, for the better Inftruftion of all Perfons inhabiting, or who fhall inhabit, in the feveral Parifhes where the fame fhall be built, in the true Chriftian Religion, as it is now profefTed in the Church of England, and eftablifhed by the Laws of this Realm: And therefore to make her faid Inf en ' Book III. Of Great-Britain. 229 tions effe&ed, lhe had Power alfo hereby to nominate and ap¬ point fuch Perfons as file fhall think fit, to be C'ommjflioners for the Services therein mentioned. And accordingly a Com- miffion, by the late Queen’s Letters-Patent, bearing Date the One and Twentieth Day of September, in the Tenth Year of her Reign, was iffued out to the Two Archbifhops, Five Bi- Ihops, and other eminent Divines, and to feveral of the Mi- nillersof State, Principal Nobility, Gentry and Citizens, with fuch Power and Authority to them therein granted, as in the (aid Aft are exprelfed. But thisCommifiion expiring on the 24th of December 1 yn ; upon their Reprefentation made to the Queen, under their Hands and Seals, fix Days before the faid Expiration, That hav¬ ing applied themfelves to the Execution of the Powers there¬ in contained, they could not within the Time limited perfeft what was by the faid Act intended : Hereupon an Act was S ured the next Seflion, for enlarging the Time given to the Commiffioners, and for giving them alfo farther Powers, for efFefting a Workfo much for the Honour of God. In which Aft they are authorized and empowered to pur- chafe Lands; to limit the Bounds of the New Parifties; to raife Money by Loan at Six per Cent. Tax-free ; to enquire of the Right of Patronage, and to contrail with the Patrons, and with the Guardians of Infants; to appoint the firft Parith-Offi- cers, and, with the Confcnt of the Bishop, to name a conve¬ nient Number of fufficient Inhabitants in each faid New Pariih, to be the Vellry-Men of fuch New Parifn, who fhall exercife the like Powers and Authority, for Ordering and Regulating the Affairs of the fame with tliofe of the prefent Pariih out of which this is taken. There is alfo a particular Treafurcr, or Treafurers, appoint¬ ed to iffue Money for Buildings and Payments of Officers, and for recompenfing fuch Perfons as (hall be neceffarily employ¬ ed under them, for their Labour and Pains : Which Treaiitrer is not of the Number of the Commiffioners, but is immedi¬ ately appointed by the Crown, and is accountable in the Ex¬ chequer for the Monies by him received from Time to Time, and muft give fuch fufficient Security as the Lord High-Trea- fer (hall approve of. There is to be a Redlor of every New Church and Parifh to be made and conftituted, and a perpetual Succeffion of Rcftors there, to have the Cure of the Souls of the Inhabitants of fuch New Parifh ; and the prefent Morning Preacher of any Cha¬ pel made Parochial, if he (hall have officiated there for the Space of one Month next before the Confccration thereof, is appointed to be firft Rcflor of fuch New Church and Parifh, without any Admiffion, Inftitution, or Induction to the fame: And in every other New Church and Pariih, the firft Reftor is to be nominated and appointed by the Crown, and this even 0^3 before '236 tpc p2efeitt'g>tate - Part I. before an Agreement and Settlement can be made concerning the Patronage thereof, which is to be examined and approved in the High-Court of Chancery : And as well the firft as all the other fucceeding Reftors, are to be prefentedandin- ftituted, and alio indufted, as all other Reftors and Vicars are; and are obliged to obferve and perform all other Matters, for the Qualifying and Entitling themfelves thereto, as other Reftors ought to do. But then the-prefent Reftors, or Vicars, are not by this Divi- fion and Separation of the Pariihes deprived of any Tithes, Dues or Profits to them belonging, nor even the Succeffors of them, ’till fuch Agreements, or Settlements, for the more effeftual dividing any. fuch Parilh be made, and take Effefl, And it is alfo provided, that this (hould not prejudice or alter the Property or Intereft of any Proprietor, or to any Chapel made Parochial. And it being farther provided in this Aft, that it lhall and may be lawful to and for his Majelly, at any time before the 29th of September 1712, to nominate Commiffioners £0 execute the Powers granted by this and the former Aft, as her Ma¬ jelly lhall think fit; and that from fuch Appointment fq ■made, the Powers granted to the Commiffioners in the faid former Letters-Patentlhalldetermine: Accordingly a Commiffion by her Majefty’s Patent, bearing Date the 27th of Septem¬ ber 1712, was 'iffued out to feveral of the Lords the Bilhops, and others. Soon after his late Majelly’s Acceffion to the Throne, ano¬ ther Aft paffed in Parliament, among other Things, tp enable his Majelly, by Letters-Patent under the Great-Seal of Great- Britain, to appoint fuch Perfons as his Majelly (hould think fit to be Commiffioners; and that any Five or more of them fhould have Power to execute all Matters and Things appoint¬ ed to be done in the afore-recited Afts: And accordingly a Commiffion by his Majelly’s Letters-Patent was iffued, bear¬ ing Date the Second of December 1715, whereby Sixty Lords and others were appointed Commiffioners, whofe Names the Reader will find amongll the Lifts, (s'c. [In purfuance of thefe and fome fubfequent Accounts, the following Churches have been built, mi*. St.Anne's, Lime-houfc, Cbri/l-Church Spittal-fields, St. George's Bloomjbury, St. George's in the Eafi, St. George’s Hammer-Square, St. John at Wapping, St. Pant's Shadwell, St. Mary of Stratford, Bow, -the New Church at Deptford ,—the New Church in Old-Jlreet ,-the New Church in the Strand, St. George's-^ueen-Square Chapel con- verteed into a Parilh-Church, St. Mary Woolnoth in Lombard- Jireet, and St. Giles's in the Field's, of whjph the two laft are old Churches rebuilt. Book III. Of G^'e at-Bri'tain. 231 Thefe new Churches are molt of them elegant Buildings, far exceeding other Parifh-Churches in their Beauty and Dimen jjons, and are endow’d to the Amount of about 200 1 . per Ann. each Part thereof arifing from the Profits of Lands purchafed with Money appropriated by Parliament for endowing the faid New Churches, and the Refidue arifing out of the Bu¬ rial Fees, which are now fettled on the Church-Wardens, &c. of the refpeclive Parifhes, part of them for the Maintenance of the Minifter, and the Refidue for the Ufe of the feveral New Parifhes.] Doctors-Commons, or the College of Civilians. A Ltho’ Degrees in the Civil-Law may be taken only in Ox¬ ford and Cambridge, and the Theory is bell there to be acquired, yet the Praftice thereof is moil: of all in London, where a College was long fince purchafed by Dr. Henry Harvey, Dean of the Arches, for the Profeifors of the Civil-Law in this City, and where commonly refide the Judge of the Arches Court of Canterbury, the Judge of the Admiralty, and the Judge of .the Prerogative Court of Canterbury, with diverfe other eminent Civilians, who there living (for Diet and Lodg¬ ing) in a Collegiate Manner, and commoning together, it was known by the Name of Doliors-Commons, and flood near St. PauFs, in the Pariih of St. Bennet PauFs Wharf j which Buildings being utterly confirm'd by the late dreadful Fire, they all refided at Exeter-Houfe in the Strand until the Year 1672, when they returned to their former Place, rebuilt in a very fplendid and convenient Manner at the proper Coll and Charges of the faid Doftors. The Terms begin, and the general Arches Court-Days are as follow: S. Michaelis. .Pafch. 13 Oflob. Crajlino Anita. Martini Edmundi Andreis Sfuind. Pafch . 2. SeJJio. 12 Nov. 3. SeJJio. 21 Nov. Crajlino Afcenf. S. Hilarij. Trinit. Cajlino Woljlani, 20 Jan. Pauli. Blafij. 4 Feb. Crajlino Trin. lit 4. Seffio, met Crafino, D. Jo¬ in every Term there is a By-day, called Dies Extraordina¬ ry except Eajler- Term, Q_4 Of 232 C&epiefent; State : Parti, Of PROCTORS. T HE Prodtors, or Procurators, belonging to the afore-men¬ tioned Courts of the Arclibifhcp of Canterbury, are 34 in Number: Their Office is to exhibit their Proxies for their Cli¬ ents, and make themfelves Parties for their Clients; to draw up Ads and Pleadings inCaufesj to produce the Witneffes; prepare Caufes for Sentence, and attend the Advocates with their Proceedings. Thefe are admitted by the Archbiffiop’s Fiat, introduced by the two_ Senior Prodtors, and are allowed to pradtife immedi¬ ately after their Admiffion. They wear black Robes, and Hoods lined with white Furs, taking the Oaths of Allegiance and Supremacy. ' As for what relates to the Ecclefiaftical Courts kept at Dodlors-Commons, fee more Chap. IX. of the Second Book. The High Court 'of A D MIRAL T T of ENGLAND. F OR the Decifionof Maritime Controverfres, Trial of Ma- lefadtors, and the like, there is a High Court of Admiral¬ ty kept here. There is a Judge thereof, whofe Title is Stiprema Curiee ■ Aimiralitatis Anglien locum tenons Judex, five Ps-asfidtns. The Writs and Decrees run in the Name of the Lord High-Ad¬ miral, or Lords Commiffioners executing that Office, and are diredted to all Vice-Admirals, JuJlices of the Peace, May¬ ors, Sheriffs, Bailiffs, Conjiables, Marjhals, and others, Offers and.Minifiers of our Sovereign Lord the King, as well within Liberties as without. To this Court belongs a Regifier, and his Deputy, and a Marjhal-Getieral, who attends the Court, and carries a Silver Oar before the Judge, whereon are the Arms of the King, and the Lord High-Admiral. The LordHigh-Admiral hath here his Advocate and Proto, and all other Advocates and Prodtors are prefented by them, and admitted by the Judge. This Court is held on the fame Day with the Arches, but in the Afternoon; and heretofore at St. Margaret's Hill in South- war l, but now in the fame Common-Hall at Dbffors-Comtnms; but the Admiralty Seffions is Hill held for the Trial of Male- fadtors, and Crimes committed at- Sea, at the ancient Plate aforefaid, or at theO/dBailey. The Places and Offices belonging to this Court are in the Difpofal of the Lord High-Admiral. 0 / Book III. Of Great-Britain. 233/ ' 0/ the College of Physicians in London. A Mongft other excellent Inftitutions in the City of London, there is a College, or Corporation, of Phyficians, who by Charters and Afts of Parliament of Henry VIII. and fince his Reign, have certain Privileges, whereby no Man, though a Graduate in Phyfick of Oxford or Cambridge, may, without Licence under the faid College-Seal, prafiife Phyfick in London, or within feven Miles of the City (nor in ‘any other Part of England, in cafe he hath not taken any Degree in Oxford and Cambridge) ; whereby alfo they can adminifter an OatK, fine and imprifon any Offenders in that, and diverfe other Particulars.; can make By-Laws, purchafe Lands, &c. whereby they have Authority to fearch all the Shops of Apothecaries in and about London, to fee if their Drugs and Compofitions -are wholefome and well made ; whereby they are freed from all troublefome Offices, ns to ferve upon Juries, to be Con- Sable, to keep Watch and Ward, to bear Arms, to provide Arms or Ammunition, fsV. Any Member of that College may practife Surgery, if he pleafe, not only in London, but in any Part of England. This Society had anciently a College in Knight-Rider-Street, the Gift of Dr. Linacre, Phyfician to King Henry the VUIth. Since which a Houfe and Ground was purchafed by the So¬ ciety of Phyficians, at the- End of Amen-fireet, whereon the famous Dr. Harvey, 1652, did ereft, at his own proper Charge, a magnificent Structure, both for a Library and a publick Hall, for the meeting of ■ the feveral Members of the Society; endowed the fame with his whole Inheritance, which he refigned up while he was yet living and in Health ; Part of which he affigned for an Anniverfary Oration, to commemorate all their Benefactors, to exhort others to fol¬ low their Examples, and to provide a plentiful Dinner for the worthy Company. Anno 1666, this goodly Edifice could not efcape the Fury of that dreadful Fire ; and that Ground being but a Leafe, the prefent Fellows of this College purchafed with their own Mo¬ nies a fair Piece of Ground in Warnuick-lane, whereon they have raifed a very magnificent Edifice. The College has lately built at their own Charge a very noble Apartment for the containing an excellent Library of ' Books, given them partly by the late Marquifs of Dorchefier, "'bo was pleafed to do the College the Honour to be admitted Mow among them,- and chiefly by that Eminent Profeffor Sir Theodore Mayerne, Kt. fide. ‘ The fourCenfors of the College have, by their Charters, Au¬ thority to furvey, corredt and govern all Phyficians, or others that ihall pradtife Phyfick in London, or within feven Miles of the fame, to fine, amerce, and imprifon any of them, as thev Ihall fee Caufe. 1 The Number of Fellows was only Thirty before the R e . ftauration of King Charles II. But that King confidering the Increafe of London fince the firft Incorporation of the Col¬ lege by King Henry VIII. thought fit to encreafe the Num- *ber of Fellows to Forty ; and upon the fame Account, King James II. taking into Confideration the farther vatt Encreafe of Buildings of late Years, was pleafed, in the new Char¬ ter, to appoint the Number of Fellows to be farther en¬ larged, fo as they Ihall not exceed Fourfcore, referving tohim- felf the Power of placing or difplacing any Fellows for the future. Befides the worthy Perfons mentioned in the Lift, there are diverfe Phyficians that have good Pradtice in London, al¬ though they never had any Licence, which is connived at by the College. And yet by the Law of England, if one who is no Phyfician or Surgeon, or not exprefly allowed to pradtife, ihall take upon him a Cure, and his Patient die under his Hand, this is Felony in thePerfon prefuming fo to do; but the Reputation which the Difpcnfaries have got, will foon put an End to thefe and all other unfair Pradtitioners. The College having frequently prefled its Members to the Generous and Charitable Cure of- their lick poor Neighbours, and the meaner Houfe-keepers and Servants, not only to recommend, themfelves by this Service to the Publick, but to improve' their Knowledge of Difeafes, and their Reputa¬ tion by 'their Succefs, made a Subfeription to the Number of Forty-two, Anno 1696, to contribute to the neceflary Charge thereof, and accomplilh the generous Charity to the Sick Pior. Grefham-College, or the College for Liberal Arts and Sciences. W ithin the Walls of London is alfo feated a College built by the aforementioned worthy Perfon Sit Thomas Grejham, and endowed in Manner following. After he had built the Royal-Exchange, he gave of the Revenue thereof the one Moiety to the Mayor and Commonalty of London, and their Succefforsi Book III- Of G r e a T'B r i t a i n. 2 25 Succeffors ; and the other Moiety to the Company of. Mercers, j„ Troll, that the Mayor and Aldermen Ihould find in all Time to come four able Perfons to read within this College Divinity , Geometry, Agronomy, and Mujtck, and to allow each of them, befides fair Lodgings, 50/. a Year; and that the Company of Mercers Ihould find three more able Men to read Civil-Law, Phyjick and Rhetorick, and to allow to each one of them, befides fair Lodgings, ;o /. a Year; and thatthefe jeveral Lefturers Ihould read in Term-time, every Day in the Week (except Sundays) at Morning in Latin, and After¬ coon the fame in Englijh ; the Mufick-Lefture to be read only in higlijh. In this College, from the Time of their Incorporation 'till the Year 171Z, when they purchafed a Honfein Crane- Cart, Flect-Jlneet, did meet the Fellows of the Royal-Society, fo much famed throughout the World: Concerning which the Reader may take this brief .Account, extradled in part out of that excellent Hiftory of the laid Society, written by ■ Dr. Thomas Sprat, late Bilhop of Rochefter, and Dean of Wtpiinjler. . firfi domination of tije Stopal^ocietp.] The firflAf- tembly which laid the Foundation of this Royal-Society, was tune Years before the happy Reftauration of King Charles II. it Waiham College in Oxford, in the Lodgings of Dr. Wilkins, late Lord Bilhop of Chefter. Afterwards, about the Year 1658, many of them living in Mm, had a Meeting at Grejham-College ; at length his Ma- - jelly took Notice thereof, and was gracioully pleafedfo far to favour and encourage it, as to grant a large Charter, bearing Date the 22d of April 1663, whereby they were made a Cor¬ poration, to confift of a Prefident, of a Council, and of Fel¬ lows, for promoting the Knowledge of Natural Things and Ufe- fil Arts, by Experiments. Sljanncr of (Electing; tfdlotofL] Their Manner of Ekaing ttlims is according to the Venetian Way, by Balloting. Each Fellow at his Admiflion, fubferibes this Promife following, lliot he will endeavour to promote the Good of the Royal-So- ®t)’ of London, for the Improvement of Natural Knowledge. ™er this he may at any Time free himfelf from this Obli- jjon, only by fignifying under his Hand to the Prefident, that Wefires to withdraw from the Society. Mrip Charges anD admittance.] When any one is ad- ™tted, he pays to the Treafurer only 40s. and then 13 s . a Qrarter fo long as he continues a Member of the Society. SCIjeit Befign.] The Defegn of the Royal-Society is, in brief, to make faithful Records of all the Works of Nature, or of Art, which can come within their Reach; fo that the prefent an d Pofterity may be able to put a Mark on the Errors Mich have been lengthened by long Prefcription, to reltore Truths 236 Cfje l^efettt ©tate Part 1, Truths that have been negledled; to pu(h on thofe which ate already known to more various Ufes; to make the Way more paffable to what remains unrevealed, (s’ c. experiments; roatie bpfljcj&orietp.] The then, fince their firft Initiation, have made a vail Number of Experiments in almolt all the Works of Nature; they hare made particular Enquiries into very many Things of the Hea¬ vens as well as of the Earth, Eclipfes, Comets, Meteors, Mims, Plants, Animals, Earthquakes, Fiery Eruptions, Inundations, hakes. Mountains, Damps, Subterraneous Fires, Tides, Current: and Depths of the Sea, and many other Things : They have compofed many excellent Ihort Hiltories of Nature, of Arts, MantifaBures, &c. whereof fome are extreme curious; In a Word, the Difcoveries and Inventions made, Ihould we fay but by fome few Perfons of this Society', if well confidered, feem to furpafs the Works of many foregoing Ages. lobantage# ano bp it.] They have mightily im¬ proved Naval, Civil, and Military Architecture; they have ad¬ vanced the Art, Condufl, and Security of Navigation; they have not only put this Kingdom upon Planting Wnods, Grew, Orchards ,' Vineyards, Ever-greens, butalfo Ireland, Scotland, Nenss-England, Virginia, Jamaica and Barbados. All our Plan¬ tations begin to feel the Influences of this Society; they have awakened the whole Civilized, Letter’d, and Intelligent World, fo that in all Countries they begin to be much more intent upon Experimental Knowledge and Pradtical Studies, upon New Inventions and Difcoveries, which the Authors of them always recommended to this Society to be exa¬ mined, approved, or correfted : So that if any of the prefent Englijh Nation be fo blind as not to fee the Ufefulnels of this Society, Pollerity will, to their Shame, acknow¬ ledge it with Gratitude, as Foreigners already do from all Parts. To conclude; They have regillered Experiments, Hiltories, Relations, Obfervations, (Ac. reduced them into one com¬ mon Stock, and laid fome part of them up in publick Re- gifters, to be nakedly tranfmitted to the next Generation of Men, and fo to all Pollerity ; hereby laying a folid Ground¬ work for a vail Pile of Experiments, to be continually aug¬ mented through all future Ages. 2 CTI)£tr iLtbiarp.] Moreover, the Royal-Society, for the Advancement of this noble Defign, have begun a Libra¬ ry, to confiil only of fuch Autiiors as may. be ferviceable to that Defign ; towards which the late Earl-Marfnal of E'g- land did bellow on the Society the whole Norfolcian Libra¬ ry, with a free Permiflion of changing fuch Books as were not proper for their Work; whereby in a Ihort Time they will be able to Ihew a compleat Colledtion of all that .ha® Book HI. of Great-Britain.’ 237 publifhed in Ancient -and .Modem Languages, which ei¬ ther regard the Productions of Nature, or the Effedts of all Miami Arts. %[)i iiepoftto^p.] The free and bountiful Gift of Daniel Okal, Efq; wherein are to be feen many Thoufands of great Rarities, fetched (fome of them) from the fartheft Corners of the habitable World; as Beads, Birds, Filhes, Serpents, Flies, Shells, Feathers, Seeds, Minerals, Earths, fome Things petri- fd, others ajjified. Mummies, Gums, &c. diverfe of which have been fince added by other worthy Members of that Socie¬ ty, and by other ingenious Perfons ; and, in a Ihort Time, is like to be (if not already) one of the largeft and molt curious Cohesions of the Works of Nature in the World. 311)SiE Coat Of SlCrtTS.] The Coat of Arms granted by his Majelly King Charles to the Royal-Society, is an Efqttcheon, with three Lions of England In Chief; intimating, that the Society is Royal ; the Crejl is an Eagle, and the Supporters Hunting-Hounds, Emblems of the quickeft Sight and Smelling, to fignify the Sagacity employed in penetrating and fearching after the Works of Nature. The Motto, Nullius in verba, to tcllify their Refolution not to be enflaved by any of the greatefi: Authority in their Enquiries after Nature. Uimn Of Election.] Of the Members of the Council, Eleven are to be continued for the next Year, and Ten more to be aided to that Number, all to be chofen yearly upon the 30th of Immlier, being the Feaft of St. Andrew, in the Morning ; after which Eleftion they all dine together. Of the College of Heralds. N OT far from the College of DoElors-Commons flood the Collette of Heralds; that is, of fuch as are to be MefTengers of War and Peace, that are fkilful in Defcents, Pedigrees, and Coats of Anns; an ancient Houfe, built by Uomas Stanley, Earl of Derby, who marry’d Margaret, Countcfs of Richmond, Mother of King Henry VII. And the Duke of Norfolk having in lieu thereof exchanged Lands "ith the Crown, he procured the fame to be bellowed by Queen Mary on the King’s Heralds and Purfuivants at Arms for ever, to the end that they and their Succeflors might dwell together (if they fo pleafed) and affcmble, confer, and agree for the good Government of their Faculty, and that their Re¬ cords might be there fafely preferved, &c. which is now har.d- fomely re-built. They were made a College, or Corporation, by Charter of k' n g Richard III. and by him had feveral Privileges granted 238 €(je patent State Parti, unto them ; as to be free from Subfidies, Tolls, and all trou- blefome Offices of the Kingdom. Afterwards another Charter of Privileges was granted unto the faid Society by King Edward VI. in the third Year of his Reign. Of this Collegiate Society are firft. Three ftiled Reges Armorum Anglicorum, King of Arms. Six Heralds at Arms, and four P-urfuivants at Arms. 3 &ing 0 at 3 rm 0 .] Amongft the Kings at Arms, the Firft and Principal is called Garter, inftituted by Henry V. whole Office is to attend the Knights of the Garter at their Solemni¬ ties, and to marlhal the Solemnities at the Funerals of all the higher Nobility of England, to advertife thofe that are chofen of their new Eleftion, call on them to be Mailed at Winifi, to caufe their Arms to be hung over their Seats there, to carry the Garters to Kings and Princes beyond the Seas j for which ■ Purpofe he was wont to be joined in Commiffion with fome principal Peer of the Realm, &c. (Elarencieu*,] The next is Clarencieux, fo called from the Duke of Clarence, to whom he firft belonged; for Lionel, third Son to Edward III. marrying the Daughter and Heir of the Earl of Uljler in Ireland, had with her the Honour of Clare in the County of Thomond: Whereupon he was after- wards created Duke of Clarence, or the Territory about Clare, which Dukedom efeheating to King Edward IV. by the Death of his Brother George, Duke of Clarence, he made this Herald, who properly belonged to that Duke, a King at Arms, and named him Clarencieux in French, and Claremus in Latin. His Office is to marlhal and difpofc of the Funerals of the lower Nobility, as Baronets, Knights, Efquires, and ' Gentlemen, on the South-fide of the Trent, and therefore fometimes called Surrey, or Southroy. [ Gloucefter, King of Arms, and alfo Bath, King of Arms, inftituted Anno 1726, when the Order of the Knights of the Bath was reviv’d.] The third King at Arms is Homy, or Horthroy, whofe Office is to do the like on all the North-fide of the Trent. The two laft are called Provincial Heralds, Englandbemg by them divided into two Provinces. Thefe, by Charter, have Power to vifit Noblemens Fami¬ lies, to fet down their Pedigrees, to diftinguilh their Arms, to appoint Men their Arms, or Enfigns, and, with Garter, to di- reft the Heralds. Note, That hy the Union-Treaty, Lion, King at Arms fir Scotland (of whom fee more hereafter in the State of Scot¬ land) is the Second King at Arms of Great-Britain, and takes Place immediately after Garter. ftrato* Book III. Of G R E A T-B R. I T A IN. 239 Strait 1 #*] The fix Heralds, anciently and properly belong¬ ing to dukes, have been fometimes named Dukes at Arms, and are thus called and ranked : 1. Smerfet, I 4. York, 2. Cbefter, ' 5. Windsor, 3. Richmond, J 6. Lancajler. Their Office is to wait at Court, attend publick Solemnities, proclaim Warand Peace, lAc. thence perhaps named Heralds, from two German Words, Here, Helt, or Held ; that is, the dm]S Champion, to denounce War, or offer Peace, as the Fe- ciales of the Romans did; and from thence probably Seven Da¬ mp Kings, and fome Kings of Norway and Sweden, and fome of England before the Conqueft, have had the Name of Harold or Herald. $urfuii)anf#*] Of thefe Heralds, in England, there were anciently many, and fo likewife of Pur/uhauts, whereof at prefent there are but Four, thus nam’d, 1. Eluemantle, I 3. Rouge-Dragon, 2. Rouge-Croix, J 4. Portcullice.. from fuch Badges heretofore worn by them, as ’tis thought. The Service of thefe and of the Heralds, and of the whole College, is ufed in Marfhalling and Ordering Coronations, Marriages, Chriflcnings, Funerals, Interviews, Feaft of Kings and Princes, Cavalcades, Shews, Jufts, Tournaments, Com- bats before the Conftable and Marihal, (Ac. Alfo they take Core of the Coats of Arms, and of the Genealogies of the Nobility and Gentry. Creation Of tljr iking# at frm#.] Anciently the Kings at Arms were created, and folemnly crowned, by the Kings of inland themfeives; and the Heralds and Purfuivants had tar Creation from the King’s Hand; but of latter Times, the farl-iVIarflial hath had a fpecial Commiffion for every particu- hr Creation, to do all that was done before by the King. For the Creating and Crowding of Garter King at Arms , •here is firft to be provided a Sword and Book, whereon to ol:e a folemn Oath; then a Gold Crown, a Collar of SS’s, a Howl of Wine, which Bowl was heretofore the Fee of the r «-created Kingj alfo a Coat of Arms of Velvet, richly wbroidered, and a Jewel, or Badge of Gold, enamelled in a Gold Chain. His Creation is on this Manner: Firft, he kneels tan before the Earl-Marlhal, and laying his Hand on the “°<>k and Sword, another King at Arms reads the Oath ; "licit being taken, and the Book and Sword, next are read Lettcrs-Patent of his Office; during which the Earl- •darlhal pours the Wine on his Head, gives him the Name 240 C(je piefent&tate Parti. of Garter ; then puts on him the Coat of Arms and Collar of SS’s, and the Crown on his Head. . The other Kings at Arms are created by Letters-Patent, a Book, a Sword, &t. as Garter, and with almoft the fa® Ceremonies. Creation of tlje ij|cral0jef.] A Herald at Arms is alfocre.' ated with the like Ceremony, except the Coronet and Jewel, only his Coat of Arms muft be Sattin, embroidered and en- riched with Gold, and muft be brought in with two Heralds, as the Kings at Arms are by two Kings at Arms, and to fwear in folemn Manner to be true to the King; to be ferviceable to all Chriftians; to be fecret and fober; to be more ready to commend than to blame; to be humble, lowly, &c. The greateft Part of this College is, fince the late dreadful Fire, re-built; and the Library is now kept there, being upon St. Bennet's-Hill, 'near Dollars- Commons, London ; where are fome Officers at Arms always attending, to fatisfy Comers touching Defcents, Pedigrees, Coats of Arms, tsfc. - All the Members ‘of this College being the King’s fwom Servants in Ordinary, the Reader may find a Lift of their Names among the Officers of the Houffiold. Inns of Court, or Colleges of Common-Lawyers. T HE Colleges of Municipal, or Common-Law, Profeflbrs and Students, are fourteen, called ftill Inns, the old Etig- lijh Word for Houfes of Noblemen, or Biffiops, or Men of extraordinary Note, and which is of the fame Signification with the French Word Hotel. There are two Inns of Serjeants, Four Inns of Court, Eight Inns of Chancery. 31 nnfl of Court.] The Inns of Court were fo named, as fome think, becaufe the Students therein are to ferve the Courts of Judicature; or elfe, becaufe anciently thefe Colleges re¬ ceived only the Sons of Noblemen, and better Sorts of Gentle¬ men, as Fortefcue affirmeth. Of thefe there are Four. 3/t)C SCtoO SFcmplC#.] Heretofore the Dwelling of the Knights-Templers, and purchafed by fome Profeffors of the Common-Law above 300 Years ago. They are called tie Inner mi Middle-Temple, in relation to Efex-Hon/e, which was Part of the Houfe of the Knights-Templers, and called the Outer-Temple, becaufe it is feated without Temple-Bar. JWncoln’^ JtooklN. of Great-Britain. 241 jS.inc0ln’^3imi, ant) ©?ap’ 0 #Jinn.] The two other Inns of Court are Lincoln's-Im, belonging anciently to the Earls of Limb, and Gray’s-Inn, formerly belonging to the noble Fa¬ mily of the Grays. Thefe Societies are i)0 Corporation, nor have any Judicial Power over their Members, but have certain Orders among themfelvcs, which have, byCohfent, the Force of Laws: For lighter Offences, they are only excOmmoned, or put out of Commons, not to eat with the reft; and for greater Offences, they lofe their Chambers, and are expelled the College ; and being expelled, they are never received by any of the three other Societies. There are no Lands or Revenues belonging to thefe Socie¬ ties, which being no Corporations, are not enabled to pur- chafe ; nor have they any thing for defraying the Charges of the Houfe, but what is paid at Admittance, and other Dues for their Chambers. The whole Company of Gentlemen in each Society may be divided into four Parts, Benchers, Utter - krriprs, Inner-Barrijlers, and Students. Sender#.] Benchers are the Seniors, to whom is commit¬ ted the Government and Ordering of the whole Houfe; and out of thefe is chofen yearly a Treafurer, who receiveth, dilburfeth, and accounteth for all Monies belonging to the Houfe. [There are no Mootings or Readings imthe Inns of Court or Qrntry at this Day.] INNS of CHAN CERT. T HE Inns of Chancery were probably fo named, becaufe there dwelt fuch Clerks as did chiefly ftudy the forming of Writs, which regularly appertained to the Curfitors that are Officers of Chancery. The firll of thefe is called Thaws-Inn, begun in the Reign of Edward III. and fince purchafed by the Society of Lincoln s-Inn ; then New-Inn-, Clement's-Inn, Clif- /ir/s -Inn, anciently the Houfe of the Lord Clifford-, Staple - fw, belonging to the Merchants of the Staple; and Lion's- 1% anciently a common Inn, with the Sign of the Lion InivaPs-Inn, and Bernards-Itin. Thefe were heretofore preparatory Colleges for younger Stu- and many, were entered here, before they were admitted »to thu Inns of Court. Now they are for the moll part takeh up by Attornies, Sol- luffs, and Clerh, who have their Chambers apart, and their Ketata very eafy Rate in a Hall together, where they are obliged to appear in grave long Robes, and black round knit 242 €6e$$imt State Parti. S>erjeanW*31nn.] Laftly, There are two more Colleges, called Sefjeants-lnn, where the Common-Law Student, whea he is arrived to the higheft Degree, hath his Lodging and Diet. They are called Servient es ad Legem, Serjeants at Law and are as Doctors in the Civil-Law, only thefe have hereto¬ fore been reputed more noble and honourable ; Doftoris min appcllatio eft Magifterij. Servientis vero Minifterij. ■ To arrive to this high Degree, take this brief Account, degree® bp totjicl) ttjep rife.] The young Student in tie Common-Law is admitted to be of one of the Four lm if Court, where he is called a Moot-Wan ; and after about feven Years Study, is chofen an Utter-Earri(ler ; and is then in a Ca¬ pacity to be made a Serjeant at La-jj, when his Majefty lhall be pleas’d to call him, which is in this Manner: Sserjeanttf at ?lato,] When the Number of Serjeants is fmall, the Lord Chief-Jultice of the Common-Pleas, by the Ad¬ vice and Confent of other the Judges, makes Choice of Six or Eight, more or lefs, of the moft grave and learned of tie Inns of Court, and prefents their Names to the Lord-Cian- cellor, or Lord -Keeper, who fends, by the King’s Writ, to each of them to appear on fuch a Day before the King, to •receive the State and Degree of a Serjeant at Lavs. At theap- pointed Time, they being habited in Robes of two Coloan, mist. Brown and Blue, come accompanied with the Students of the Inns of Court, and attended by a Train of Servants and Retainers, in certain peculiar Cloth Liveries, to Weftnmftr- Hall ; there in Publick they take a folemn Oath, and are cloathed with certain Robes and Coifs, without which they may be feen no more in Publick. After this they fealt the great Perfons of the Nation in a very magnificent and princely Manner ; give Gold Rings to the Princes of the Blood, Arch- bilhops, Chancellor, Treafurer, to the Value of 40 s. each Ring; to Earls and Eilhops. Rings of zo s. to other great Offi¬ cers, to Barons, &c. Rings of lefs Value, befides a great Number of Rings to private Friends. Out of thefe are chofen all the Judges of the King’s-Bench and Common-Pleas; whereof every Judge doth always wear the white Linnen Coif, which he had as a principal Badge of a Serjeant, and which he had ever the Privilege to wear at all Times, even in the King’s Prefence, and while he fpeaks'to the King; though anciently it wa6 not permitted to any Sub- je£t to be fo much as capp’d in the Prefence of the Krug of England. ' 3 UbS® matte.] When any of the afore-mentioned Judges j are wanting, the King, by the Advice of his Council, makes choice of one of thefe Seijeants at Law to fupply his Place, and’ conftitutes him by Letters-Patent, fealed by the Chancellor, who fitting in the Middle of the reft of the Judges in open Court, by a fet Speech, declares to the Serjeant (who u^n Book ill. Of Great-Britain. . 243 ' this Occafion is brought in) the King’s Pleafure, and to the People the King’s Goodnefs, in providing the Bench with fuch able honeft Men, as that Juftice may be done expeditely and impartially to all his Subjefts; and caufes the faid Letters-Pa- tent to be read; and being departed, the Chief- juftice places the faid Serjeant on the Bench junior of all the reft; and having taken his • Oath well and truly to ferve the King, and all his People, in the Office of Juftice, to take no Reward, to do equal and fpeedy Juftice to all, &c. he fets hitnfelf to the Execution of his Charge. And now in fome Things his former Habit of a Serjeant is altered; his long Robe and Cap, his Hood and Coif are the fame; but there is befides, a Cloak put over him, and dofed on his right Shoulder, and his Caputium is lined with Minever, or de Miiiuto mario, diverfe fmall Pieces of white rich Fur: But the Two Lord Chief-Juftices, and the Lord Chief-Baron, have their Hood, Sleeves and Collars turned up with Ermin. Note, That out of the Serjeants afore-mentioned the King by Writ ufually calls fome to be of his Council at Law, allowing each one Wadage, Feodage, Vflurage, and Legardage: Thefe fit within the Bar in all Courts at Weftmiiifter, except in the Coart of Common-Pleas, where all fit without the Bar. HOSPITALS. itftfa the Colleges, properly fo _ called , there are in this City many richly endowed Hofpitals, Alms-Houfes, Work-Houfes, and Houfes of Correction. 'Tbs mo Ft noted are , Su t t 0 n’j Hofpital , or the Charter-Houfe. A Little without the Walls Hands this College, or Collegiate Houfe, called anciently the Cbartreu/e, now corruptly the Charter-Houfe, it being heretofore a Convent of Carthufian hloitk, in French, des Chartreux, This College, now called taw’s Hofpital, confifts of a Matter, who. is a Governor, 1 Chaplain, and feveral other Officers; alfo a Matter- and Ulher to indraft 40 Scholars; befides 80 decayed Gentlemen, Soldiers and Merchants, who have all a plentiful Maintenance of Diet, Lodging, Cloaths, Phyfick, fsV. and live altogether ln a Collegiate Manner, with much Cleannefs and Neatnefs; Md the 40 Scholars have not only Neceftkries whilft they Jr e here taught, but if they become fit for the U niverfities, tore is alfo unto each one, out of the yearly Revenues of R a this 244 ifOtlJEf»] The defigned Brevity of this Treatife will not let me give a very particular Account of all the Prifons in and jtait this City. Two of the aforefaid Gates, viz. Newgate and Luigate, being flrongly built, are Prifons, the firft; chiefly for heinous Malefaftors, as Traitors, Murderers, Felons, and the like, who are tried at the Seflions-houfe in the Old-Bai- hj, hard by; apd the other only for Debtors, who are Free¬ men of Loudon. The King's-Bcnch Prifon in Southwark is one of the greateft for Debtors in England. Not far from it is the Ihrjhalfea, a Prifon belonging to the Court of the Knight- Marflial of the King's-Court. The Fleet, near Fleet-Market, is a great Prifon likewife for Debtors 5 fo are the two Comp¬ lin, belonging more peculiarly to the City. The New-Pri- [m at Whife-Cha^el, the Gate-Houfe at Wijlminjler, and others, would take up too much Room to be defcribed here; but ochhave their diftindt Privileges and Conveniences, accord¬ ing to the Circumftances of the Debtor, which is the Reafon why he fo oft removes himfelf from one to the other by Writs of Habeas Corpus. lonflon*B?itlge.] The next Thing remarkable in the City of London may be the Bridge ; which, for admirable Work- manlhip, for Vaftnefs of Foundation, for all Dimenfions, and for folid Houfes, and rich Shops built thereon, furpaf- feth all others in Europe: It has nineteen Arches, founded in a deep broad River, and, fome fay, on a foftouzy Ground, 800 Foot in Length, 60 Foot high, and 30 broad; hath a. Draw-bridge almolt in the Middle, and 20 Foot between each Arch. It was begun by King Henry II. and finifhed Anno 1209, in the Reign of King John . The Building of this Bridge of London was an exceeding difficult and coftly Piece of Work ; and to thofe that con- fider the conftant great Flux and Reflux at that Place, it feems almoft impoflible to be done again: The Charge of beeping it in Repair is fo great, that it hath been thought fit by our Anceffors to have a large Houfe, a vaft Revenue in lands and Houfes, and diverfe confiderable Officers, &c. to be fet apart for the conftant Care and Repair thereof; the Principal whereof are the two Bridge-mafters, ohofen out of the Body of the Liveries upon Midfuminer-Day, after the She¬ riffs and Chamberlain. Sl)t KopaUEjfCljaUge] is, next to be confidered, as the tohleft Building of that Uie in the World. The former Burfe began to be erefted in the Year 1566, juft 100 Years before it was burnt: It was built at the Colt and Charges of a noble Merchant, Sir Thomas Grejham, and opened in a folemn Manner, by a Herald and Sound of Trumpet, in the Prefence, and by the fpecial Command of Queen Elizabeth, proclaimed and named the Royal-Exchange. h was built of Brick, and yet was the molt fplendid Burfe z$o Cfje pefettt §>tate Parti, (all Things confidered) that was then in Europe: Before the Building whereof, the Burfe for Merchants was kept in L m . lard-fireet. Now it is built within and without of the ’fore-mentioned excellent Stone, with curious and admirable Architefture, efpecially for a Front, high Turrret, or Steeple, wherein are an harmonious Chime of twelve Bells, and for Arch-work, it furpaffeth all other Burfes. Quantum lenta folent inter viberna cuprejji. It was built quadrangular, with a large Court, wherein the Merchants may affemble, and the greatellPart, in cafe of Rain, or hot Sun-lhine, .'may be Iheltered in Side-Galleries, or Por¬ tico's. The whole Fabrick coll ;o,ooo /. whereof one half was diiburfed by the Chamber of London, or Corporation of the City, and the other half by the Company of Mercers; and to re-imburfe themfelves, there is let-to Hire 190 Shops above Stairs, at 20 /. yearly Rent each, and 30 l. Fine, beftdes the feveral Shops below, on the Eaft and Well Sides, and the huge vaulted Cellars under Ground j fo that it is the richell Piece of Ground perhaps in the whole World ; for, according to exadl Dimenfions, the Ground whereupon this goodly Fa- brick is erefted, is but 171 Foot from North to South, and 203 Toot from Eail to Well; fo that it is but very little more than three Quarters of an Acre of Ground, and will produce above 4.000 /. yearly Rent. [The Shops in the Galleries about the Exchange moll' of them Hand empty at prefent, which very much leffens the Revenue; and indeed the .City hath not long Time to difpute paying the Salaries left by Sir Thomas Grifim to the Members of Grejham-College .] In the midll of this great Quadrangle Hands that exquifite Statue of his late Majelly King Charles II. eredted at the Charge of the Society of Merchant Adventurers of ’ England: ’Tis done with great Beauty and Spirit, in the ancient Roman Habit of their. Cafars, with a Wreath of Lawrel on his Head, Handing upon a Pedeltal.feven Foot high; on three Sides where¬ of are curioully cut, on three Efcutcheons, Firil, the Arm! of England and ^France quartered : Secondly, of Scothml: Thirdly, of Ireland,, each fupported by a Cupid: And on the fourth Side is the following Infcription : Carolo 11 . Cafari Britannico, . Patrice Patri, Begum Optimo, Clementijftmo, Auguftijfimo, Generis Humani Deliciis, Utriufque fortunes ViSori, Pads Europa Arbitro, Marium Domino ac Vindici, Sccietas Mercatorum Advmtur. Anglia, . . ' gw Book III. of Great-Britain. 251 Shite per CCCC jamprope Annas Regia benignitate prope floret, Fiiiei Internet at a iA'Gratitudinis aterna. Hoc Teflimonitm ' Venerabunda po/uit. ' - Anno falutis Humana M DC LXXX 1 V. The Whole is made of white Marble, fomewhat bigger than the Life, and is the Workmanfhip of the famous Carver and Statuary, Mr. Grinlin Gibbons. And as before the dreadful Fire there were all around the Quadrangle of this Royal-Exchange the Statues of all the So¬ vereign Princes of this Kingdom fince the Norman Conquelf, fo now, by the Care and Coil of the City-Companies, moil of thofe Niches are again filled with the like curious Statues in Marble or Alabafter, and the reft are daily defigned. Statue at CIjarinsroffl *] There are other Statues wor¬ dy to be taken Notice of, particularly that at Charing-Crafsi of King Charles the Firft on Horfeback, bigger than the Life, done in Brafs, Handing on a high Pedeftal of white Marbfe, curioufl/ adorned with Trophies of War, and all compaffed. about with Iron-Rails. It was done by an admirable Artift, LsSmr, who made that magnificent Brazen Monument in King Hairy the Seventh’s Chapel for the Duke of Bucking-. tot, that was murdered by Felton. In the midft of the great Court at White-Hall is a noble Statue in Brafs of King James the Second, upon a Pedeftal of Marble, with this Infcription : JACOBUS SECUNDUS DEI GRATIA, ANGLIC, SCOTIjE, FRANCIS, ET HIBERNIAi REX, FI DEI DEFENSOR, 1686. SEIje Monument.] Not far from the Bridge is the fatal Place were the dreadful Fire afore-mentioned firft began; tear which isnowerefted (as was ordered by an Aft of Par¬ liament immediately after the Fire) a Pillar in perpetual Me¬ mory thereof. It is of the Tufcan Order, 202 Foot high from. the Superficies of the Ground, and 15 Foot Diameter, all of ™d Portland Stone, with a fair Stair-cafe in the Middle of black Marble, with an Iron Balcony on theTop (not unlike We two ancient white Marble Pillars at Rome, erefted in Honour of the Emperors Trajan and M. Antoninus, thofe ex¬ cellent Princes, which were there built above 1500 Years ago, Mdare ftill Handing entire.) The Pedeftal of this our Pillar !s alfo all of Portland Stone, and is zi Foot fquare, and 40. 252 t£&e parent atate Parti. Foot high; the Front whereof is curioufly adorned with inge¬ nious Emblems in Baffo-Relitvo, the Work of that admirable Sculptor and Carver in Stone, Mr. Gabriel Cibber, another Praxiteles; and on die Sides thereof are thefe following incom¬ parable Inscriptions. - Che one Side, Anna Chrijl't CI3DCLXVI, Die IV Nonas Seplembris, bine in Orientem pedum CCII intervallo (qua eft huju/ce Colmtuc Altitude) erupit de media nolle Incendium, quod, vento fpirantt, hauftt etiam longingua, & partes per omnespopulabundum,fereba- lur cum impetus fragoreincredibili, XXCIX Templa, Portas, Pratorium, Aides publieas, Ptochetrophia, Scholas, Bibliothecas, Infularum magnum Numerum, Domum CCIOOoo oo oo GC, vices CD abfumftt, de XXVI Regionibus XV funditisS delimit, alias VIII laceras & femiuftas reliquit. Vrbis Cadaver ad CDXXXVI jugera hinc ab areeper Jamijis ripant ad Templario-, rmfanm , illinc ab Euro aquilonali porta fecundmnmros adfojfx Fletana caput porrexit: Adverfus opes tiviumlA fortunasinfe- ftum, erga vitas inocuum: ut per omnia referret fupremam Warn Mundi Exuftionem. Velox Clades fait: Exiguum tempus tandem vidit Civitatm ftorentiJjSmamfA nullant. Tertiodie, cum jam plane eviccrat bumana conftlia 13 fuljiiia mnia, ccclitus, ut par eft credere, jujfus, ftetit fatalis ignis IS quaqua verjum elangnit. [Sed Furor Papifticus, qui tarn dira patravit, mndum reftingaitur.] Which laft Words wereerafedat King James's Accceffion to the Crown, and reinfcribed foon after the Revolution. On the other Side is, CAROLUS II. C. Mart. F. Mag. Brit. Franc. 13 Hib. hx, Fid. D. Princefs Clementijjimus, miferatus lulluofam rerum fa- e)em,plurima, fumantibusjam turn Ruinis, in folatium Civimtf llrbis fine Omamentum, providit, Tributum remifit, preces orii- tsis 13 populi bmdinenfis retulit ad Regni Senatum ; qui continue decrevit uti publica opera pecunia publica, ex veffigali car ^”j s fofftlis oriundd in meliorem fos-mam reftituer entur, utique Aau Sacrce fjf D. Pauli Templum, afundammtts omni Magnificentia txtruerentur ; Pontes, Porte, Carceres novifi erent, emundarentur Aln/ei, Vici ad regulam refponderent, Clivi complanarentur, aperi- rentur Angsportus, Fora <3 Macella in Areas fepofetas elimi- narentur. Cenfiuit etiam uti finguhe domis muris intergeristii con- tluderentur , wsivetfia in frontem pari altitudine confurgerent, cm- nefque parietes faxo quadrate aut coAo latere folidarentur: Uti- que nemini literet altra ftpetmium trdificanda immoral t i ad bee. Book III. Of Great-Britain. 253 determines orituras, lege lata pracidit,adjecit quoquefutpli- tiones annuas & adeeternam pofterorm memortam H. C. r. t. “fefiinatur undique, rejsirgit Loniinnm, majori celerilate a* (tlJdore incertum. Unum irienmum elfolvit quod feculi opus credebalur. Over the Door, on the Eaft Side, is the following Infcripfion. Incepta Richards Ford, Equ. Fracture Land. . A. D. CIODCLXXI. PerduBa altius Georgia. Waterman, Ep. P. T. Rolerto Han/on, Eq■ P■ F. Gulielmo-Hooker, Eq. P.V. Roberta Finer, Eq. P. F. Jafepha Sheldon, Eq. P.F. PerfeBa Thomas Davis, Eq. Free. Urb, Anna Dam. MDCLXXVII. About the Plinth of the lower Pedeftal is this following In- feription in Englijb. ‘Ihis Pillar via! fet up in perpetual Remembrance of the mop dreadful Burning this Prateflant City, begun and carried on by the treachery and Malice of the Popifi FaBion, in the Beginning of September, in the Tear of our Lord 1666. In order to the car¬ rying on their horrid Plot for extirpating the Protefant Religion and old Englifh Liberty, and introducing Popery and Slavery. Rote, That this Infcription was erafed by King James upon his Acceflion to the Crown ; but re-infcribed'prefently after the Happy Revolution, in fuch deep Charafters as are not eafily te be blotted out. Companies Dfall*.] To fpeak now particularly oMlie many noble Stru&ures belonging to, and built atrihe foie Charges, of each Guild, or incorporated Fraternity in this great City, would take up too much Place in this little Book: Thefe are built like the Houfes of the Nobility, with gallant Frontifpieces, ftately Courts, fpacious Rooms ; the Hall efpecially, from which the whole is named, is not only ample enough to entertain, at a Time of Feafting, all of the Livery in each Company, be they one ; two or three Hun¬ dred, but many of them are fit to receive a Crowned Head, with all its Nobles, thofe of each of the twelve Companies efpecially; 254 €&e piefcnt State Part i. efpecially j and in fome one oF thefe Halls, as that of Mir- chant-Taylors, the Annual Fellivals of the moll fplendid Socie¬ ties are celebrated, as of the Artillery - Company, the nioft Glorious j and the Sons of the Clergy, the moil Beneficent that this City can boalt of. One of thefe twelve Palaces (as - .I may call them) the Lord-Mayor for the Time being tifually makes the Place of his Reiidence, with all his Fa¬ mily and his Officers; there he ufually entertains all Foreign Princes and Ambaffadors. The Company of Mercers , be- fides their Hall, have a fumptuous and fpacious Chapel for Divine Service, which every Lords-Day, during the moll populous Seafons of the Year, is fupplied by felefil Preach¬ ers. To the Drapers-Hall belongs a large and well-kept Garden, with "Bowers for Retirement to itudy, but is open to all People of genteel Appearance : And indeed, each Hall hath fome or other particular Excellency. ^Fountain#,] l- come n °W to confider the publick Foun¬ tains and Aqueihtlis, which are many and fumptuous, afford¬ ing moil excellent and wholefome Waters; to omit thofeof Crowder's-Well in Jewin-freet, that of Tower-Hill, and others of peculiar Virtues as well as general Ufe, fome of the moil eminent are thefe: Statue of ttje ftins in gJtocfcef^atket.] The mA l wrought Conduit in the Market-Place, at the Weit-End of Lombardfreet, whereupon is placed a large Statue of King . Charles the Second on Horfeback, trampling upon an Enemy, at the foie Coil and Charges of that worthy Citizen and Al. derman of London ,' Sir Robert Viner, Knight and Baronet. [’Tis now taken down, with all Stocks-Market, to make room for erefting a Manfion-Houfe for the Lord-Mayor.] fountain in Ring’s^quare,] The Defignalfo of tkt .Fountain in the Middle of King' s-Square, m Soho-Fields : Build¬ ings, deferves Obfervation; where, on a high Pedellal, 15 King Charles's Statue, and at, his Feet lie the Reprefentations of the four principal Rivers of England, pouring out their Waters into the Ciftem, m. Thames, Trent, Humber and Severn,- with lnfcriptions under each. • . There is an excellent and plentiful Fountain likewile at Aldgate, with many others of lefs Note in and about the City. Nor mull we pafs by without notable Remark, fteet’T&itd}.] The mighty chargeable and beautiful Work, rendering Navigable the Fleet-Brook, or Ditch, from the River Thames to Holboxrn-Bridge ; the curious Stone-Bridges over .’it, the many huge Vaults on each fide thereof, to treafur? up Newcajlle Codls for the Ufe of the Poor. [It is now mollly h» d ■up, and turn’d into a Market of great Bufinefs.] Obfervable likewife are the many fair and commodious pla¬ ces of publick Sale and Markets: Blackwell-Hall, a Place Fadlors for Woollen-Cloth: This is a large fumptuous Building. Book III. iJf G r e a t-B r i t a i n. 255 joining to Guild-Hall, to which Cloth is fent, asto a pablicfc Fair or Market, from all Parts of the Kingdom, and is under the Direction of the Governors of Chriji's-Hojpital. gmitllficlB-] A vaft' weekly Market on Mondays and Tridays for Horfes and all Sorts of live Cattle ; where the' an¬ nual Fair is likewife kept, beginning on St. Bartholomew' s- Day, and lading three Days. [It is computed. that there are one Thoufand Oxen fold every Week in this Market, and a proportionable Number of Sheep ] CeaD£n*©aIl.] A noble ancient Building, where are great Markets for Hides and Leather, for Flelh, Poultry, Filh, ahdall forts of Edibles. Qucen-Hithe, Bear-Key, great Markets for Grain of all Sorts. All along the Thames Side, on both Sides, are Wholefale-Traders forTimber, Stone, and Coals, and all man¬ ner of Fuel; the Stocks-Market, Milk-Jlreet, Newgate, Clare, Covent-Garden, Bloomjbury, Hungerford, St. James's, Wejlmin- jltr Markets, fs fc. are Places of Note, commodioufly fituated and built: [There are fome other Markets of late eredled near Homer-Buildings, SpittaUFields, &c ] There are diverfe other Exchanges likewife befides the Royal-Exchange, where all Attire for Ladies and Gentlemen are fold; as thofe ftately Buildings called the New-Exchange and Eexter-Exchange, both in the Strand. [The former is entirely pulled down, and feveral good Houfes for Tradefmen eredted in its Head.] Mate IStlilDingSu] In this City, and Parts adjacent, of late Years efpecially, are generally very fair and Aately ; but within the City, the fpacious Houfes of Noblemen and Mer¬ chants, and many of the fumptuous Taverns, are hidden to Strangers, by reafon. they are generally built backwards, that fo the whole Boom towards the Street might be referved for Tradefmens Shops. If they had been all built towards the Street, as in other Countries, no foreign City would, even in this Particular furpafs London. Yet if a Stranger lhould view the feveral magnificent Piazza's, or open Places, which we call Squares (for which the Cities in Italy are fo highly efteem- ed) the feveral ftreight and fpacious Streets, the many curious and uniform Piles of new Buildings and Streets, and the many Palaces of Noblemen, they will find it equal to, if not fur¬ pafs, moft of what they have feen abroad. 2Lrm0 of tlje Citp of ftonOon.] The Ams of the City of London are Argent a Croft Gules, with the Sword of St. Paul, not the Dagger of William Walworth, as fome have conceited; for this Coat belonged to the City before Walworth fietv Wat. Tyler the Rebel, as learned Antiquaries affirm. • Of 256 Of the King’s Great Wardrobe; tltsaWiquitM T HIS Office was ufually kept within the City, near Pal die Wharf, in an ancient Houfe built by Sir John Beau, champ. Son to Guy de.Beauchamp, Earl of Warwick, and after¬ wards fold to King Edward the Third. The Matter, or Keeper, of the Great Wardrobe, is an Of¬ ficer of great Antiquity and Dignity. High Privileges and Immunities were conferred on him by Henry the Sixth, and confirmed by his Succeffors: King Jams the Firft enlarged the fame, and ordained, that this great Of¬ fice fhould be an Incorporation, or Body Politick, for ever. Several filing* furnifljeD from thence.] This Office is to make Provifions for Coronations, Marriages and Funerals of the Royal Family ; to fiimifh the Court with Beds, Hang¬ ings, Cloths of Eftate, Carpets, and other Neceflaries ; to ftr- nifh Houfes for Ambafladors, at their firft Arrival here ; Pre- Tents for foreign Princes and Ambafladors; Cloths of Eftate, and other Furniture for the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, and alibis Majefty’s Ambafladors abroad; to provide all Robes for foreign Knights of the Garter, Robes for the Knights of the Garter at Home, and Robes and all other Furniture for the Officers of the Garter 5 Coats for Kings, Heralds, and Purfuivants at Arms; Robes for the Lord-Treafurer, Under-Treafurer. and Chancellor of the Exchequer, &c. Livery for the Lord-Cham¬ berlain, Grooms of his Majefty’s Privy-Chamber, Officers of his Majefty’s Robes, and diverfe others his Majefty’s Servants; rich Liveries for the two Lords Chief-Juftices; all the Barons of the Exchequer-, diverfe Officers in thofe Courts; all Liveries for his Majefty’s Servants, as Yeomen of the Guard, and War¬ ders of the Tower, Trumpeters, Kettle-Drummers, Drummers and Fifes; the Meflengers, and all belonging to the Stables, as Coachmen, Footmen, Littermen, Poftilions and Grooms, (sc. All Coaches, Chariots, Harnefles, Saddles, Bits, Bridles, &c. The King’s Watermen, .Game-keepers, &c. as alfo all rich embroider’d Tilts, and other Furniture for the Barges; Fur¬ niture for all Royal Yatchs; Furniture for Courts of Arraign¬ ment of Peers, and very many other Services. To defray all the’forementioned Charges, ordinarily there was expended formerly above 49,000 /. but now much lefs, befide all Extraordinaries, as Coronations, Funerals, &c. The faid Houfe, near, Puddle- Wharf, was lo'ng ago annex¬ ed for ever to the Matter of this Office j but the Office is kept at prefent in Great Queen-Street. The Chief Officers under the Mafter, are a Deputy, and a Clerk of the faid Wardrobe. But thofe Officers had fair Dwelling Houfes, which were alfo confumed by the Fire. Belong- Book III- Of G ft e A f-E R i T AIN. zffif Belonging to this Office are diverfe Tradeimeri, Artificers and others, to the Number of at lead; 60, all (worn Servants to the ICingt ....... There are two principal Clerks afting in the Office above. Of the Excise-Off i ce. T HE Office for Receipt of a Ca'nftderable Branch of thd King’s Revenue, is the Excife-Office, which is at prefent under an abfolute Management for his Majefty by Commiffi-. oners, in Number Nine; who purfuant to feveral.Adts of Parliament; receive the Produdt of the.Excife of. Beer, Aid and other Liquors, Malt, Hops, Candles, Soap, Paper, Cal- licoesj Gold and Silver Wire;. Starch, Hides and Skins, Vel- lom and Parchment, Silver Plate Wrought; Coffee, Tea and Chocolate, and diftilled Liquors, collefted all over Englandy and pay it into the Exchequer .- They have idoo /. Sdlary each fir Annum*, and are obliged by Oath to take nb Fee nor Re¬ ward but from the King only.' ..... From the aforenamed Com'miffioners there' lies an Appeal toothers, called the Commiffioners of Appeal, who are. Five* and by His Majefty are allowed 200 /. Salary each per Annumy Of the Office of Post-Master General. T HIS Office is now in the Hands of the King, and is exa . cuted by Two Poft-Mafters General. His Majefty keeps one Grand, of General Office, in the City of London, from whence Letters and Pacquets are difpatch’d; Every Monday to France, Italy, Spain, Flanders, Germany, Sweden, Denmark, Kent, and the Downs. Every Tue/day to the United Netherlands, Germany , Swede- hod, Denmark, and to all Parts of England, Scotland, and' Ireland. Every Wednefday to Kent only, and the Downs. Every Thurjday to France, Spain, Italy , and all Parts of Inland and Scotland. Every Friday to the Spanijh and United Netherlands, Ger¬ many, Sweden, Denmark, and to Kent and the Downs. Every Saturday to all Parts of England, Scotland, and Ireland. The Poll goes alfo every Day to thofe Places where the Court refutes, as alfo to the ufual Stations and Rendezvous of his Majefty’s Fleet, as the Downs, Spithead, and to Tun- hiige, during the Seafon for drinking the Waters, &c. And the Anfwers of the faid Leters and Pacquets are re- wived in the faid Office in due Courfe, and from thence difperfed and delivered, according to their refpeftive Direfti- ons. with all Expedition. S Froirt 258 C&e picfeitt State Part t. From all Parts of England and Scotland, except Wales, every Monday, Wednefdayi and Friday. From Wales every Monday and Friday ; and from Kent and the Downs every Day. This laid Office is managed by a Deputy, and other Offi- cers, to the Number of 77 Perfons, who give their actual At¬ tendance refpeftively in the Difpatch of Bufmefs. Upon this grand Office depends 182 Deputy-Pod-Maftersin England and Scotland, moll of which keep regular Offices in their Stages, and Sub-Poft-Maders in their Branches: Andalfo in Ireland another General Office for that Kingdom, which is kept in Dublin, confiding of t8 like Officers, and 45 Deputy- Poft-Maders. His Majefty keeps condantly for the Tranfport of the laid Letters and Pacquets in Times of Peace, / France, 3 Pacquet-Boats. to* and ^ HollanJ> 3 Pacquet-Boats. Ireland, , 3 Pacquet-Boats. And at Deal, 2 Pacquet-Boats for the Downs. Not to mention the extraordinary Pacquet-Boats in Time of War with France and Spain, as to Lijbon in Portugal, to the Leeward Ifiands, Idle. All which Officers, Pod-Maders, and Pacquet-Boats are maintained at his Majefiy’s own Charge. And as the Mader-piece of all thofe good Regulations eda- Wilhed by the Pod-Maders'-General, for the better Govern¬ ment of the laid Office, they have annex’d, and appropriated the Market-Towns of England fo well to the refpeflive Poll- ages, that there' is no confiderable Market-Town but hath an eafy and certain Conveyance for the Letters thereof to and from the faid grand Office, in the due Courfe of the Mails Tho’ the Number of Letters miffive in England were not at all confiderable in our Ancedors Days, yet it is now fo prodigioufly great {fmee the meaned People have generally learnt to write) that this Revenue amounts to about 110,000/. a Year. Ctjargr,] A Letter containing a whole Sheet of Paper is convey’d 80 Miles- for 3 d. and two Sheets 6 d. and an Ounce of Letters but r s. and above 80 Miles a fingle Letter is 4^- a double Letter 8 d. and an Ounce is.^d. and that in fo Ihort a Time, by Night as well as by Day, that every 24 Hours the Pod goes 120 Miles; and in five or fix Days an Anfwer to a Letter may be had from a Place 300 Miles didant from the Writer. _ Moreover, if any Gentleman defires to ride Pod to any prin¬ cipal Town in England, Poft-Horfes are always in readinefs [taking j Book III. Of G R H A T-B RI T A IN. 2 ft | /taking no Horfe without the Confeht of- his Owner) which,, in, j J,ther King’s Reigns, was not duly obferved, and only 3 i. is demanded for every Englijh Mile j and for every Stage to th4 Poll-Boy 4 d. for conducing. Befides this excellent Convenience of conveying Letters and Men on Horfe-back, there is of late an admirable Commodi- otifnefs both for Men and Women of better Quality to travel from London to almoft any Town of England, and to. almollall the Villages near this great City; and that is, by Stage-Coach¬ es, wherein one may be tranfported to any Place, Iheltered froni foul Weather and foul Ways; and this not only at a low Price, as about a Shilling for every five Miles; but with fuch Speed, as that the Polls in fome foreign Countries make notmofeMdes in a Day; for the Stage-Coaches, called Flying Qoaches, make to or 60 Miles in a Day, as from London Xq Oxford, or Cam¬ bridge) fometimes 70, 80, and too Mile's, as to Soatbamptoni Bury, Cirmefter, Norwich, &C; Of the Penn y-Post.; M oreover, to the great Benefit of this City, and Places ad¬ jacent, there is eftablilhed another Poll; called the Penny- fijl, whereby, for one Penny, any Letter or Parcel not ex¬ ceeding fixteen Ounces Weight,' or ten Pounds Value, is moll fpeedily and fafely conveyed to and from all Parts within the Ills of Mortality to moll Towns within feven Miles round Ion- im, not conveniently ferved by the General Poll. .-»• The Profits of this as well as of all other lawful Carriage of letters belonging to his Majelty, are fettled on him by Aft of Parliament, and managed for him by a Comptroller. And for the better carrying on this ufeful Defign, there are fix General Offices kept at a convenient Dillance from one another; at all which Officers do conflantly attend from Morning until Night, every Day, Sunday's only eXcetited. , . , And a farther Convenience of this Oflice is, that whatsoever Letters come from all Parts of the World, by the General Poll, duelled to Perfons in any of thofe Country Towns to which the Penny-Poll does go, they are delivered, by the Melfengeri thereof, the fame Day they come to London ; and the Anfwers, being left at their Receiving-Houfes; are by them fafely tarried every Night to the Office in lombard-jiretH Of Coachmen, Carmen, and Watermens Rates. : T Conveniency of Hackney-Coaches; Carts and Boats A * n and about London is very great: But Coachmen, Car- men > a nd Watermen; being for the'mod part rude, exalting,. S 2 and t 6 o Cfie Picfeitt ®tate Parti. and qu'arrelfome, it may not be amifs to put down here thofe Rates which they may demand, and beyond which no body h obliged to pay them. Rates c/C oachmen, according to an Ail of Parliament, 14 Car. II. j . I Fora whole Day in and about London vcA'Weftmin- 7 JUr, reckoning 12 Hours to the Day - — J 10 oa By the Hour; for the firft Hour ■■ — - -- 0106 Every Hour after the firft' ■ — ■■ ——• 0100 N. B. They are obliged to carry you at this Rate any where within 10 Miles 01 London. From any of the Inns of Court, or thereabouts, to any Part of St. James's, or Wejlminfter (except be¬ yond Tuttle-fireet) or from any of thofe Places to any of the Inns of Court, or thereabout, —— —— From any of the Inns of Court to the Royal Exchange, or 00 From any of the Inns of Court to the Tower, Bijhopf- 7 , gate-flreet, Aldgate, or any Places thereabout, — J 1 06 And the like Rates from and to any Places of the like Di- fiance. By an Aft made 8 Anna, it is provided, That no Perfon (hall be obliged to pay above i j. for the Ufe of a Hackney-Coach for any Diftance (not particularly fet down in the faid M) fo as the fame do not exceed one Mile and four Furlongs; nor above i s. and 6 d. for any Diftance being above one Mile and four Furlongs, and not exceeding two Miles. The fame Rates are confirmed by a late Aft of Parliament, under the Penalty of 40 s. See Stat. 5 and 6 W. and M. Cap. 16. Rates of Carmen, as fettled at a General Quarter' ■ Seffions. From .any Wharf between the Tower and London-"] Bridge, to Tower-flreet, Grace-Churcb-ftr Church-ftreet, Bijhopfgate-freet within, f Places of like Diftance up the Hill, v' ’ Weight, not exceeding 20 hundred W And for every hundred Weight above 20 hundred, 00 oi Sea-Coals a Load, i. e. half a Chaldron, or an 1 M hundred of Fagots, - - . ■ _ _J From any of the aforefaid Wharfs to Broad-freet, ") lothlury, Old-Jury, Bafpjhaw, Coleman-ftreet, Iron- ( Q2 0 (J Hanger-lane, Aldermanbury, and Places of like Di- f ftorw-.. .1. nr.:A. I J Coals, fiance, the aforefaid Weight, Book III. of Great-Britain.’ 261 Coals, or Fagots, -— — ■' --0104 From any of the faid Wharfs to Smithfield-Bar, 1 UslhurT.- Bar,Tcmp/e-BarorWke diitance, like Weight, J °3 °4 And where the Weight from 18 to 20 hundred pays is. id. from 14 to 18 hundred pays but 1 s. rod; and where from 18 to to hundred pays ts.bd. from 14 to 18 hundred pays but 2 s. And where from 18 to zopays 21.2 a. from 8 to 14 hun¬ dred pays but 1 s. bd; and where from 18 to 20 pays 2 s. bd. from 8 to 14 hundred pays but 1 s. bd. There are other Par¬ ticulars hated, but according to thefe Proportions. Note, That for the ’foregoing Rates, the Carmen are to help, as much as they can, to load and unload their Carts. All Merchants, or others, may choofe what Cart they pleafe, except fuch as hand for Wharf-Work, Tackle-Work, Crane- Work, Shop and Merchants Houfes, which are to be taken in Turn. Every licenfed Carman is to have a Piece of Brafs fixed upon his Cart, with a certain Number, which is regiftred in Chift's-Hofpttal. So that if any Carman offend, the Perfon grieved may repair every Tuejday at two 0’ Clock in the After¬ noon to ChrjTs-Hofpital, the Court then fitting, and telling the Number, the Carman’s Name will be found out, and be punifhed. tlx Rates or Fares of Watermen, as they were fei forth ky the Lord-Mayor and Court of Aldermen. From London to Lime-Houfe, New Crane, \ 5 ldv.-el.Poci, Bell-Wharf, Ratcliff-Crofs, J To Wapping-Dock, Wapping New and! tapping Old-Stairs, tiro Hermitage, Rather- V b’ttb-Chur ch-Stairs, and Rotherhith-Stairs, J From St. Olwve's to Rotherhith-Chdrch- J Stairs and Rotherhith- Stairs, - j From Billingfgate and St. Olave's, to St. J Saviour's Mill,-. —— J ^AU the Stairs between London-Bridge and | From either Side above London-Bridge to \ Lmbeth and Faux- Hall, _ J From White-Hall to Lambeth and Vaux-Hall, From Temple, Dorfet, Black-Friars- Stairs, ? ®&PauPs-Wharf to Lambeth, -J OvertheWater, between London-Bridge and I Ime-Houfe,or London-Bridge and Vaux-Hall, J S 3 Q A R *§2 ' Parti. OARS. " Grave fend, » . ■ — Graife, or Greenbive, — ■ .. _ Furfi'eet, or Eriff, --- -- Woolwich, _ _____ Blackmail, - - . Greenwich, or Deptford, _ _. _ Lhelfea, Eatterfea, Wandfworth, _ Putney, Fulham , Barn-Elms, _ _ Hammerfmith, Chefwick, Mortlach, - Brentford, IJleworth, Richmond, Jviickenham, -. —: ._ Hampton-Court, — _____ __ Hampton-To’wn, Sunbury and Walton - Wybridge and Chertfey, - Windfor, ■ —. __ Whole Fare. "S: pmy. s. d- s. d. 46 O c 4 c 0 ? 3 0 ? 1 2 0 0.! 16 i 0 3 3 6 l ; 1 0 9 too 1 c 1 c <4 cl 2! Rates-p carrying Goods in the Jilt-Boat between Gravefend and London. A half Firkin, - A whole Firkin, A Hogihead, ____ ; A hundred Weight ofS theefe, Iron, or anyC c heavy Goods, -3 A Sack of Salt, or Corn, t An ordinary Cheft, or ? Trunk, --J 0 An ordinary Hamper, — 0 The Hire of the whole 1 Tilt-Boat, Every Angle Perfon in J , the ordinary Paffage, J 0 . Wat e*man ta h«s and demands more than thefe Rates prifonment 0 ^ ^ SW1Iin g s > and fuffer haif a Year’s Im- And if he refufe to carry any Paffenger or Goods at thefe Kates, upon Complaint made to the Lord-Mayor and Court of Aldermen, he fhall be fufpended from his Employ for twelve CHAP. Book III. Of Great-Bri tain. 263 CHAP. XL Of the two UNIVERSITIES. U fUfeerGty Of fDyfO^S.] Oxford, quafi Omford, lfidis Vadum, the Name of the chief River whereon it is feat- ed. It lies in 51 Degrees 42 Minutes Latitude, and about 22 Degrees Longitude, in a very healthful Country, enjoying all the Benefits of a clear and wholefome Air, at the Meeting of two clear Rivers, which render its Situation fo very plcafant, that it has. been fometimes called Bellojitum, i. e. Bellafis, or Beaulieu. Cliancello? Of fiDyfoja,] Over the Univerfity, next under the King, is placed the aforementioned Magiftrate, called the Chancellor, who is ufually one of the higheft Prelates,, or of the prime Nobility, and neareft in Favour with the Sovereign Prince, eledled by the Students themfelves in Convocation, to continue durante jpapO?.] By Charter of Edward III. the Mayor of Oxford is to obey the Orders of the Vice-Chancellor, and to he in Subjeftion to him. The Mayor, with the chief Burgeffes in Oxford, and alfo the High-Sheriff of Oxfordjhire, every Year, in a folemn Manner, take an Oath, given by the Vice-Chancellor, to obferve and conferve the Rights, Privileges, and Liberties of the Univer¬ sity of Oxford. And every Year, on St. Scholafiice's Day, being the Tenth Day of February, a certain Number of the principal Burgeffes publickly and folemnly do pay each one a Penny, in Token of their Submiffion to the Orders and Rights of the Univerfity. The Occafion of which Cuftom and Offering was a bar¬ barous and bloody Outrage committed by the Citizens in the Reign of Edward III. againft the Perfons and Goods of feve- ral innocent Scholars, which drew a great and juft Amerce¬ ment upon the Criminals: The City pretended they were not able to pay tills Fine, without their utter Ruin, and did humbly pray, and at laft obtained a Mitigation from the Univerfity. An annual Payment of 100 Marks was then accepted: And this, by the farther Favour of the Univerfity, was changed in¬ to a fmall yearly Acknowledgment, miz. That the Mayor, and 62 fuch Townfmen as had been fworn that Year to pre- ferve the Privileges of the Univerfity, fhould yearly, upon St. SebolaJHcd's Day, repair to St. Mary s Church, and fhould then and there offer fixty-three Pence, in Memory of that bar¬ barous Murder of fixty-three innocent Scholars in the Reign of King Edward, as aforefaid. No Victuals to be taken by the King’s Purveyors within five Miles of Oxford, unlefs the King himfelf comes thither. King James the Firft honoured both Univerfities with the Privileges of fending each two Burgeffes to Parliament. No Student of Oxford may be fued at-Common-Law for Debts, Accompts, Contradls, Injuries, &c. but only in the Court of the Vice-Chancellor, who has a Power to determine Caufes, to Imprifon, as' aforefaid, to allot Corporal Punifh- ment, to Excommunicate, to Sufpend, and toBanifh. College* anD Hall*.] • Anciently in Oxford (as now in Uyden, and many other Univerfities beyond the Seas) the Students, without any Diftinftion of Habit, lived in Citizens Houfes, and had Meeting-Places to hear Leftures and Difputes: After that there were diverfe Houfes for Students only, -to live together in Society (as now in the Inns of Court and of Chancery in London) and thofe Places were called either 1 ms, from the Saxon, or Hofiels from the French, and at prefent are named Halls, where every Student lived wholly upon his own Charge, s66 €&e IPiefettt State Parti; Charge, until diverfe bountiful Patrons of Learning, in their great Wifdom,. thought bell to fettle for ever plentiful Re¬ venues in Lands and Haufes, to maintain in Diet, Cloaths, and Books, fuch Students as, by Merit and Worth, Ihould from Time to Time be chofen, and to fettle large Salaries for Profeffore to inftruft them, and for a Head to govern them, according to certain Statutes and Ordinances made by the faid Patrons, or Founders j and thefe are called Colleges; whereof the firft thw endowed in Europe, were Univerfity, Baliol and Merton Col¬ leges in Oxford, and St. Peters in Cambridge, all made Col¬ leges in the 13th Century, although Univerfity-College hath been reckoned a Place for Students ever fmee the Year 872, by the Royal Bounty of our ’forefaid Saxon King Alfred, and was anciently called Magna Aula Univerfttatis, as fince Uni- verftty-College, where were diverfe Profeifors, and all the Li¬ beral Sciences read. . Of fuch endowed Colleges there are in Oxford Nineteen; and of Halls (where, with the like Difcipline, Students live upon their own Means, only excepting fome certain Exhibi¬ tions, or annual Penfions, annexed to fome one or two of them) there are Six. [See the Lift of the faid Colleges mid Halls, as alfo of their Founders and Governors, &C. at the End of ttis Treaty's .] Thefe Colleges have, within their own Walls, Leftarcs, Deputations, all Profeffions and Liberal Sciences read and taught; and in fome of them Leftures for all Comers, and large Salaries for the Readers; infomuch that they feem ft) many compleat Univerfities, and are not inferior to fome in out Neighbour Countries. ■ The whole Number of'Studbnts in Oxford, that live upon the Revenues of the Colleges, are about tooo ; and of other Studdnts about twice as many. There were anciently in this Univerfity, before the founding of Colleges, 200 Hofpitia Studioforum, Inns, Hoftcls, or Hulls; as Richardus Armachanus writes, there were 30,000 Stu¬ dents ; and twenty Miles round Oxford were by the Kings of England let apart for Provifton of Viftuals for this Univer¬ fity. 2 Tf)e ©ifcipline] of thefe Colleges and Halls is very exact. Firft, AH that intend to take their, firft Degree, that of Batchelor of Arts, are to take their Diet and Lodging, and have a Tutor conflantly in fome College or Hall ; then they are to perform all Exercifes, to be fubjeft to all Statutes, and to the Head of the Houfe. They are never to be feen abroad out of their Chambers, much lefs.out of their Colleges, without their Caps and Gowns; an excellent Order, and no where obferved in foreign Parts but in Salamancha, Alcala de Heisares, callea ip Latin, Complutum, and the reft of the Univerfities Of Spam, and in Conimbra and Evora in Portugal. Their Gowns areal! Book III. Of Great-Britain. 267 to be black, only the Sons of the higher Nobility are herein indulged; for they may wear rich flowered Silk Gowns, and a]] Do&ors Scarlet Robes. The Degrees taken in the Univerfity are only two, of Batchelor and Mafter (for fo they were anciently called, as well in Divinity, Law, and Phyfick, as in the Arts). At prefent the Degrees in thofe three Profeflions are called Batche¬ rs and DoSlcrs, only in the Arts, Batchelors and Majiers. ©t ditt] Every Year at the Aft, or Time of com pier ting the Degree of Mafter, both in the three Profeflions and Arts (which is always the Monday after the Seventh of July) there are, unlcfs fome extraordinary Occafion hinders, great Solem¬ nities, not only for publick Exercifes, but Feaftings. In thefe three Profeflions, and in the'Arts, there proceed Mailers and Doftors yearly about 150 j and every Lent about 200 Batchelors of Arts. Batchelors of 3rto, ana Staffer# of Urtjs,] To take the Degree of Batchelor of Arts is required Four Years,- and Three Years more to be Mafter of Arts, generally fpeaking; . %l\t JFour JEerniJS.] The Yearis divided into Four Terms; the Firft begins the 10 th of Ogober, and ends the 17 th of De- ctmltr, and is called Michaelmas Term. The Second, called Hilaty, or Lent-Term, begins the 14th of January, and ends the Saturday before Palm-Sunday. The Third, called Eajler-Term, begins the 10th Day of Eajler, and ends the Tburfday before Whitfunday. The Fourth is called Trinity-Term, beginning the Wednefday after Trinity-Sunday, and ends after the Aft, fooner or later, as the Vice-Chancellor, or Convocation, think con¬ venient. iBortOi of ©ibinitp.] To take the Degree of DoSlor of Divinity, the Student muft neceflarily'firft have taken the De¬ gree of Mafter of Arts, and then after feven Years more he is capable of being Batchelor of Divinity, and then four Years is requifite before the Degree of DoSlor can be compleated. ©OtlOJ Of JLati).] To take the Degree of DoSlor of Law, the more ordinary Way is this: After feven Years Handing in the Univerfity, and the Performance of all Exercifes re¬ quired, a Perfon is capable of taking the Degree of Batchelor in that Facility, and then in five Years more of Doftor in the fame. . Or otherwife, in three Years after taking the Degree of Mafter of Arts, he may take the Degree of Batchelor in Law, and in four Years more of L. L. D. according to the Method and Time limited in taking the Degrees of Batchelor ahd DoSlor in Plyfick. „ Magnificence Of .Ipjcfo^o.] The Firft Pullick Library in 9 x f°ra was fet up in Durham:Hall (where Trinity-College now flands) by Richard of Bury, or Richard Aungerville, .who was Lord- 268 €&e Parent ®tate Parti. Lord-Treafurer of England and Bilhop of Durham in the Tim: of King Edward III. About the Year 1367, another Library built by Thomas Cobham, Bifliop of Worcejler, upon the old Congregation-Houfe adjoining to St. Mary's Church, began to be furnilh’d wiili'Defe and Books, and was mightily encreafed by the Bounty of the Fonnder, King Henry IV. all his Sons, and others of the No¬ bles Spiritual and Temporal, ’till about the Year 14S0, this Library was brought into a new one, which it pleafed that molt Noble Prince, Humphrey Duke of Gloitcefer, to ereft upon the Divinity-School, that he had juft before built for theUfeof the Univerfity, and furnilhed it with thofe Manufcripts which he, at any Rates, got out of Foreign Parts (chiefly from ha¬ lf) and prefented the Univerfity with, at two Donations; the Names of which Books, together with his Letters which he fent along with them, are ftill extant in the Archives of the Univerfity. This Library was firft opened A. D. 1480, but within 80 Years more was utterly deftroyed by the Commiflion- ners who were appointed by Edward VI. to Vijit the Univer¬ fity, in order to purge it clean from Popery, to eftablilh Learn¬ ing in it, and to encourage Learned Mai. This was the State of Things when Sir Thomas Eodley con- fidered the Damage which Learning had fuftained, and the great Ufe that a publick Library would be of to the Students. Si? Thomas had all the Qualities of a Mecanas 5 he was an ex¬ cellent Scholar himfelf, a Lover of Learning in others, and Mailer of a very plentiful Eftate. After mature Delibera¬ tion, he defired Leave of the Univerfity to furnilh Duke Humphrey’s Library once more with Defies, Seats and Books, at his own Colls and Charges; which being gain’d, he acquit¬ ted himfelf in all Points Beyond their Expeftation. He pro¬ cur’d Benefaflions from very many of the Nobility and Gen¬ try, both in Books and Money; he fent over Men on purpofe to buy Books in France, Italy, Spain and Germany j he perfuaded his learned Friends to repofe their ancient Manufcripts there, as in a Place wherein they would be fafe, at leail ’till another general Revolution. The Library was open’d on the 8th of November, 1602, the Vice-Chancellor, and the whole Univerfity coming thither in their Formalities; and this Day ftill continues to be the Vifitation-Day, when the Curators (who are the Vice- Chancellor, the King’s Profeffors of Divinity, Law and Phy- fck, of the Hebrew and Greek Tongues, with the two Proftors) infpedt the Library, and call over all the Books. Nor was his Care for the future State and Prefervation of it lefs than it ought to be; for after the Univerfity had built the Publick Schools juft by the Library, up two Stories high, hehim- felf, at his own Charge, raifed a Gallery all round a Story higher, to the Intent that when the New Part of the Library ihoald be filled with Books, they might go on to furnilh thefe Galleries Book III. Of Great-Britain. 269 Galleries alfo. Befides this, he made an Agreement with the . Stationers Company in London, to give one Copy to the Libra- sy of every Book which they fhould print from thenceforward} which Agreement they obferved very well, ’till about the Yea* 1640. And, laftly, by his Will he left a confiderable Eiftate to the Univerfity in Land and Money, for Salaries to the Officers, for keeping the Fabrick in Repair,, and for buying new Books. But this is now fallen mifcrably fhort. Sir Ihotnas Botlley died January z8,1612, after he had made ft Statutes for the Government of the Place, and they had teen confirmed in Convocation, and he declared by the Univer¬ fity to be the Founder of the Library; but with him the Genius of the Place did not feem to fall, fince thepe are now in it more than double or treble the Number of Books that were there at his Death. The World has had feveral printed Catalogues of the Books in the Bodleian Library. That of the printed Books publifhed by Dr. Hyde, was in the Year 1674: Since which Time there have come in fo many Thoufands more, that a new Catalogue was compofed by the learned Dr. Huifon, the late Libraiy- keeper. As to the Manufcripts, an Account of them alfo was publifhed about ten Years ago: Since which Time the Univer¬ fity has bought all the Manufcripts of the deceafed Dr. Edward Barnard, with fuch of his printed Books as were fit for the Li¬ brary. Upon the whole, this Library is much larger than that of any Univerfity in Europe i nay, it exceeds thofe of all the Sovereigns in Europe, except the Emperor's and the French King’s, which are both of them older by almoft an hundred Years. Thefe, as does the Vatican in Rome, the Medietas at Florence, and Beffarions at Venice, exceed the Bodleian in Greek Manufcripts, which yet out-does them in all Oriental Manu- feripts: And as for Printed Books, no Italian Library is fo celebrated as the Ambrojtan at Milan, though it is much infe¬ rior to the Bodleian ; as is that likewife at Wolfenluttel, both in Manufcripts and Printed Books, though we fhould even al¬ low the Account given of it by Coringius. % Befides the Bodleian Library, there are fome others veiled in the Univerfity, as the Savilian by the Geometry-School, and the AJbmolean by the Mufieum; both which are replenifhed with Manufcripts proper to their Places. The fludious Scholar has not only the Benefit of the above- mentioned Libraries, but of the Infpeftion of two large Coi¬ tions of Coins, one in the Mufieum, and the other in the Galleries of the Bodleian Library, which is the moll confider¬ able, and whereof great Part was given by Archbifhop Laud, Thefe Galleries are replenifhed with the Piftures of the Found- ers of the Celleges, and of other Learned Men : And here is * great Colleftion of ancient Infcriptions and Marbles, moft 679 - Went State £ ai tiv of them formerly Part of. the Arundelian Colleftion; the rej given firice by Mr. Selden and Sir George Wheeler. But as if all thefe Books were not fufEcient for the Studious, and,-in order to keep the Scholars as much'within .Doers as poffible, the Univerfity has encouraged Private Libraries whereof every College has one, as alfo fome of the Halls! Amonglt the reft, thofe of Magdalen, Corpus Chrifii, Merton Baliol, St.John's, and Netv-College, excel both in Mfanufcripts and Printed Books; Lincoln, Jefits, and Univerfity Colleges) have leffer Libraries of both Kinds. Chrifi-Church, Trinity , and Queen's, confift moftly of Printed Books: The Cafe of which laft mention’d Library is a ftately Fabrick lately erefled, and the Infide almoft fill’d with Books. 2 £f|fatre.] To fpeak of the curious Architeflure, and vali Charge of the New Theatre, the Model whereof was contriv’d by the moll ingenious Sir Chrifiopher Wren, at the foie Coll and Charges of the moll Reverend Father in God Gilbert, late Archbifhop of Canterbury, for the Ufe of Scholiaftick Ex- ercifes. To fpeak of the beautiful folid Stone Buildings, Cha¬ pels, Halls, large Revenues, admirable Difcipline of feverf Colleges, excellent Accommodation for young Noblemen and Gentlemen, Helps and Allowances for poor Scholars, &c. Would require another Volume ; only of the Phyfick-Garden take this lhort Account. Among the feveral noble Strudlures and great Conveniencies of Learning, wherewith this famous Univerfity is adorned, that of the Phyfick-Garden, commodioufly placed by the Ri-. ver Charviell, claims not the leaf! Place; Founded, Built, and the Donation thereof made to the Univerfity in the Year,i632, by the munificent Benefaftion of Henry IT Anver: , Earl of Danby, then living at his Houfe at Cornbury; who purdiafmg Five Acres of Ground, South of St. Mary Magtfaleris Col¬ lege, erefled about the Square thereof moft ftately Walls and Gates; which Walls are 14 Foot high, of the bell fquared and polifh’d Stone, the like not to be elfewhere feen; and one Gate thereof to the Expence of 5 or 6000 A on the Front of which is this Infcription to be feen : Glorlee DeiQptimi Maxinti, Honori Caroli Regis, inUfumAca ■ dtmia fcf Reipublias 1632. Henricus Comes Danby. And endow’d the fame with an annual Revenue to Perpetuity, for the Maintenance and Keeping of the fame, arid its great Variety of Plants, whereof it now contains many Thoufands for the Ufe and Honour of the Univerfity; ferving not only for Ornament and Delight, and the pleafant Walking and Di- : verfions of the Academical Students, arid all Strangers and Travellers, but of great Ufe alfo, as is eafily found among all Perfons defirous to improve their Botanical Inclinations and Studies, Book III. of Great-Britain.' 271 Studies, and for the pleafant Contemplation and Experience of peietative Philofophy, for which is here fiippofed to be as good Convenience as in any Place of Europe (if notthebeft) as alfo, for the Service of all Medicinal PraSitioners, fupplyirig the, Pbyficians, Apothecaries, and who elfe lhall have Occafion for Things of that Nature, with what is right and true, frelh and good, for the Service and Life of Man. The newly erefted Mufasum in Oxford cannot well be paffed over without fome brief Account thereof. The MUSxE UM, a large and ftately Pile of fquared Stone, was built at the Charge of the Univerfity, who found fuch a Building neceffary, in order to the promoting and car¬ rying on with greater Eafe and Succefs feveral Parts of ufeful and carious Learning, for which it is excellently well contrived and defigned. It borders upon the Weft End of the Theatre, having a very magnificent Portal on that Side, fuftained by Pillars of the Co¬ rinthian Order, with feveral curious Frizes, and other artificial Erabellilhments; the Front, about 60 Foot, is to the Street Northward, where is this Ir.fcription over the Entrance in gilt Characters, Mafatum AJbmohsanum, Schola Natttralis Hiftoriee,- Ojpcina Cbjmica. The firft Foundation was laid on the 14th of April, 1679, and was happily finiflied on the 20th of March, 1683; at which Time a rich and noble Collection of Curiofities was prefented to the Univerfity by that excellent and publick- Ipirited Gentleman, Elias AJhrnle, Efq; and the fame Day there depofited, and afterwards digefted, and put into a juft Series and Order by the great Care and Diligence of the learned hhirt Plot, DoCtor of Laws, who, at the worthy Donor’s Re¬ quell, was entrufted with the Cuftody of the Mtifaum. The Univerfity of Oxford has alfo been lately adorned with very beautiful and magnificent Buildings, among which the Clarrntion 3&jtinting«!!?0Uf£ deferves particularly to be taken Notice of, as being a Work far furpafling any thing of that kind in any Part of the World. * This magnificent Structure is fituated parallel to the Schools, at the Diftance of an hundred Feet from the North Side. On the Weft is the Theatre, and on the Eajl a Palifade running from one Building to the other j fo that thefe three Buildings, with the Palifade, form a fpacious Court, or Quadrangle, ^ich is very handfomely paved. The Building contains in Length 115 Feet, and in Breadth 01, befides the fpacious Portico breaking forward in the North Front, fupported by four detached Columns, four Feet in Dia¬ meter, of the Doric Order. In the Height of it are two Sto¬ nes above the Cellars, ,.and a third in the Entablature, which runs round the Building, and which is lighted througli the Frizes or the Order. On the Tops of the South-Eaji and iVcft Pied- ments are the Tunnels of all the Chimneys, the Smoak of 272 fklatentState . Parti, which paffes through large hollow Vafes, fo that there is no Appearance of a Chimney-Stack in all the Building. The Top of it is adorned with the Nine Mufes, in very beautiful-Fi¬ gures caft in Lead, of extraordinary Weight, and admirable Proportion. Calliope Bands on the middle Pedeilal, over the Portico, and holds in her Right Hand Homer and Virgil, and on her Left Arm a Garland of Bays. On the two other Pedeftals on each Side of her are placed Clio and Polyhymnia ; the former on the Eaft, holding Thucydides, and the latter a Scrowl in her Hand, on which is written Suadere. On the right Side of the South Piedment Bands Euterpe playing on the Pipe; and on the left Terpfichore oh the Lute. Urania and Erato are fixed, one on the South-Eaji, and the other on the North-Eaji Comer ; Urania looks upwards with a Coronet of Stars on her Head, and holds a Globe in one Hand, and a Pair of Compaffes in the other; Erato has in one Hand an Harp, and reaches the other down to Cupid, who is placed by her Side. On the North and South-Weft Corners Band the Figures of Thalia and Melptmmi the firft is put in a comick Pofture with a majellick Counte¬ nance, and holds in her Right Hand a Sword. The principal Entrance to this Building is under the Portico before-mentioned, to which you afcend by eight 'Steps, and pafs through an Iron Gate of admirable Work, opening into a handfome Vault, or Arch, of the Depth of the Building, which leads into the paved Court, and in a direft Line into the En¬ trance of the Schools. This Vault divides the Building into two equal Parts; that on the Eaft Side is wholly appropriated to the Printing of Bibles and Common-Prayer-Books of all Sorts, and the other to the Printing of Books in the learned Languages j from whence the . World is fupplied with fuch curious Editions of all Sorts of Au¬ thors, as for Neatnefs and ExaCtnefs are not out-done by any Prefs in Europe, The Room on the South Side, next to the Theatre, is re- ferved to the Delegates, for the Direction of Bufinefs, and is curioufly wainfcoted with the beB Flanders-Oak, richly beauti¬ fied with fluted Pilaflers, and other proper Ornaments of the Corinthian Order. Over theChimney hangs an excellentPifture of Queen Anne, at full Length, done after an Original Painting of Sir Godfrey Kneller's: It was given to this Room by Gtorff Clark, Efq; DoCtor of Laws, and Fellow of All-Souls-Cdligi ) to whofe Skill in Architecture is owing much of the Beauty of this admirable Building. On the Floor over the Vault are two Rooms, one of which is an Office for the Letter-Founder, fcr- nifhed with Furnaces, Punchions, Matrices, Moulds, and all other Materials fuited to that ingenious Art; the other with Rolling-Preffes for Printing -the Oxford-Almanacks, and other Sculptures proper for the Ornament of Books. *74 die lp?ef£llt mm Part ?. of four Steps from the Area into that Arcade, which is fcvei- teen Foot broad, and of the fame Height ; to which Height this fourth Side of the Quadrangle is now advanced, and the whole Doric Entablature finilhed. The whole Square was defigned by the Reverend Dr. Eary Aldrich, late Dean of this- Church, and is efteemed a regular and compleat Piece of Architefture by all who have feenit, Natives and Foreigners. The firll and principal Benefa&or to this Building, was Dr. Anthony Ratcliff, formerly Student, and afterward Canon of this College; who by his laft Will and Tellament gave for this Ufe near 3000 /. Sir Edward Hannes, Kr. formerly Student of this Houfe, and Phyftcian to her late, Majefty Queen Amt, gave for the fame Ufe a Legacy of 1000/. The Right Ho¬ nourable Charles Lord Somerfet, Brother to the late Duke of Beaufort, gave a Legacy of 500 /. Jams Nssrborougb, Efq; Brother to Sir John Narborough, a Legacy of the fame Value. ■ The Reverend Dr. South, late Canon of this College, and Pre¬ bendary of Weftminfter, gave alfo, for the carrying on of this Building, a Legacy of 500 /. befides 100 1 . which he had in his Life-time given to this Ufe, and other Legacies to this College for other pious Purpofes. Befides the Donations which have been mentioned, there have been many other confiderable Sums contributed by the Dean and Canons, by feveral of the Students, and by many of the Nobility and Gentry, Bilhops and Clergy, who have had their Education in this Houfe; and even fome, who have not been Members of it, have been fo much taken with the Beauty of this Building, as to forward it by their generous Be¬ nefactions. A perfeft Lift of thefe feveral Donations will be . fairly engrafted in a Book of Vellom, and repoftted in the Li¬ brary, when built, for perpetuating the Memory of the Bene, faftors. Befides the Benefaftions to the Univerfity, feveral very libe¬ ral ones have been made to particular Colleges ; among which the following deferve a Place here. Colonel Cbriftopher Codrington, late Governor-General of the leeward-ljlands, among other Things in has Will, dated the Twcnty-fecond of February, tyof-, bequeathed as follows: TMPRIM 1 S, I give my nearefl Kinfman, Lieutenant-Cohml Jl WiUiam Codrington, all my Eftate h and about Doddington aforefaid, provided, and upon Condition, that he pay to All-Souls College in Oxford, Ten Thoufand Pounds Sterling in Manner fit- sewing; viz. Two Thoufand Pounds within one Tear after my Deceafe, and the Sum of Two Thoufand Pounds yearly afterward:, until the Sum of Ten Thoufand Pounds be paid. Book III. Of Great^BritaIN, 27 § Ik appoint that Six Fhoufand Founds thereof he Upended in the Building of the Library for the Vfe of the faid College ; tend that the remaining Foilr thoufand Founds be laid out in Books to furnijb thefame. , ‘ , ,, Item, 1 give and bequeath unto the faid College ky Libraryi kw in the Cdjlody of Mr. John Cafwell in Oxford. ' Colonel William Codringtm was appointed Exeiutor Of th>S Will. With this Legacy, to llhsj§ 0 til& there is added a inoft magnificent Library. Againlt the Entrance, in a Nich, is the Statue of the.noble Bertefaftor; jufl over the Foundation-Stone. Undef- the Statue is an Infcription, reciting his JCihdnefs and Geiiferofity to the College, and his other perfonal Virtues, which he, as it were; forbid to be mentioned on a Moniimetit. The Library is in Length, within the Walls, two hundred Feet; in Breadth thirty-two Feet and an half j iti Height forty Feet. It is lighted with eleven large Windows to the Souths and a Window at the Bajl and Wejl End, of feyenteen Feet wide each. The whole is a moll beautiful Gothic Work; fd built in Conformity to the Chapel. , The Benefaflor’s Body having been jiampoufly buried before h Barbados, Was yet, according to his Will,', brought over, and depofited in the College-Chapel on June the 20th, 17164 It was received with great Refpcdt, at the College Gates, by all the Societyj together with the Executor, and the General’s neareft Relations; and at laying it into the Vault, a Latin Speech was made by Mr. Co/er, Univerfity-Orator (at that Time one of the Fellows) which is- fince printed, with that of Mr. Young, fpoken the next Dhy. On which Day the firft Stone of the Library was laid with great Ceremony by the Exe¬ cutor, in the Frefence of the fame Perfons; Mr. Vice-Chancel¬ lor, the Lord-Bifhop of Brijldi, and fevetal other eminent Members of the Univerfity being invited to the Solemnity by the Warden and Fellows. On the Black Marble-Stone, lying oft the Body, is cut CODRINGTON} and the Infcription on the Foundation- Stone was this, xj° Kal. Jul. MDCCXVIjalia flint Fundameuta Bibliotheca Chichleio Codringtoniana: AChriJlophdro Codrington Arm. Fundatce PrafentibLs Wilhelmo Codrington Arm. Harede ex Tejlamer.te Johanne & Wilhelmo Codrington Cbrijiophori Confangnineis: Una turn Bernardo Gardiner. Cuftode, Sociifque Collegij quamplurimis: Perorante Edvardo Young, Sot. This ayb Cljepjefatt State Parti; This College-Chapel has-likewife received a Very beautiful Addition lately, being adorned with a magnificent Altar-Piece of Marble; rich Furniture for the Communion-Table, of Crim- fon-Velvet, trimmed with Gold Lace , and Fringe;,Books Candlefticks, &c. the Gift of George Clark, Efq; LL. D. late¬ ly one of the Fellows, and one of theBurgeffes for theUniver- fity (who, by Will, left his fine Houfe for the Wardens of All- Souls for ever to refide in;) as likewife with a cloath’d Refur- reftion Piece, painted at the Eajl End by the famous Sir Jams Thornhill, at the Expence of Henry Portman, Efq; and with a very coftly Ceiling, given by the Honourable Doddington Grevilli, Efq; one of the Fellows of the College. Other Ornamental Additions were made therein, to which the Reverend Mr. Webb, lately Fellow, was a Benefaftor, the Society being at rhe reft of the Charge. in UniberfitpoColIege alfo > P url ’ uaTlt w the will of the famous Dr. Radcliffe (who was ftrft entered in that Houfe, and remained there feveral Years a Member of that Foundation) is now finifted another very beautiful Northern Front, down to Logic-Lane, with a Tower in the Middle, of free fquare Stone, anfwerable to that before erefted ; and the Matter’s old lodg¬ ings being ruinous, new ones are now more commodioufly built for him therein, and Chambers for the Doftors, two Phy/ick- Fellows, after their Return from their five Years Travel, all the Provifion of Salary and Chambers ceafing abfolutely, as to them, at the end of every ten Years; the whole being now call¬ ed Radcliffe'- s Place. Dr. John Radcliffe, in his Will, dated 13 September, 1714, beneath as follows ; I Give and devife my Manour of Linton, and all other my hails and Hereditaments in Yorkihire,a»*> my Executors herein af¬ ter-named, and their -Heirs, upon Trujl, to pay thereout yearly Six Hundred [So it is in the Original] to two Perfoiis, tobechofenott' ?» ca fi °f th ‘ P ecea f e of a »y one of more of them, puli pin tv:o or more Perfons of good Repute -with the Survivors of them in their Trufi, lyfuch Conveyances at Counti l learned in the Law Jhcill advife ; and fo from Time to Time, if need be, that my Will may be the better and snore furely performed. My Living in Hamplhire *, as often as it Jhall be void, 'andall other Livings that Jhall be purchafed by me out of my Efiate, 1 278 C&el&efent State p^i. Will, theft in tbefirft Place they may be befiowed on a Membtnf tJnivcrfity-College; and' if tbeyjbould be deficient there, th a to a Fellow of Lincoln-College; and after that they barn preact (d two or more laudable Sermons at St. Mary’/, the Per fins that are to be prefentedfrom Time to Time, are to be nominatedby tht Y-ice Chancellor and the two Di-vinity-Profeffbrs, the Mafier »/ ' Univerfity-College, and the ReSlor of Lincoln-College, for tbf lime being, or the major Part of them. The Executors of this Will are, The Honourable William Bromley, Efq; Sir George Beaumont, Bart. j Thomas Sclaler, of Gray's-lnn, Efq; and Mr. Anthony Keck, in Fleet-fireet, London, to whofe Difcre- ‘ tion the Surplufage of this Ellate is left to be applyld [0 charitable Ufes. Jhirfuant to the Dolor’s Will, two Travelling-Fellows are appointed. ! The Right Reverend the Lord Crew, lateBilhopof Durban , was pleafed in a moil bountiful Manner to fettle on Lincoln Col lege, fq as to take Place in his Life-time; mix. I. His Lordfhip added Twenty Pounds fa-Annum to the Headlhig, and Ten Pounds per Annum to each of the twelve Fel- lowlhips, forever. II. His Lordlhip made an Augmentation of Ten Pounds Annum a-piece for ever to the Curates of four Churches belong¬ ing to the faid College ; mix. All-Saints and St. Michael'm Ox¬ ford, ‘Twyford in Buckinghamjhirc, and Comb in Oxfordjhire. III. His Lordlhip made up the Bible-Clerk’s Place, andEight Scholarlhips, belonging to the faid College, Ten Pounds fir Annum each, forever, which before were very mean. All the aboye-mentionld Charities to take Place from 2 Uf- chaelmas, 1717'. ■ IV. His Lordlhip fettled Twenty Pounds per Annum a-piece on Twelve Exhibitioners; which took Place ffom Lady-kt, tyiS.. Of C A M B R l p G E. XT7HAT hath been faid of OXFORD, the like maybe VV iliid of her Sifter CAMS RIDGE, which for Antiqui¬ ties, gracious Privileges, beautiful Colleges, good Difcipline, Number of Students, plentiful Revenues, and all other Things neccffary for Advancement of Learning, may challenge Equa¬ lity with any other Uniyerfity of the Chrillian World. The Book III. Of Great-Britain. 279 TheUniverfity of Cambridge, in fome few Particulars, differs from that of Oxford. Jflje Chancellor] The Chancellor of Cambridge is not fa durante Vita, but may be eledled every three Years, aut ma¬ ture in eodem Officio durante tacito Confenfu Senatus Cantabr. He hath under him a Commiffary, who holds a Court of Re-' cord of Civil Caufes for all priviledg’d Perfons and Scholars under the Degree of Mailer of Arts, where all Caufes are tried and determined by the Civil and Statute-Laws, and by the Cudomsof the Univerfity. They have alfo a High-Steward, chofen by the Senate, and holding by Patent from the Univerfity. [On the 3d of November, annually, the Vice-Chancellor lays down his Office, and the Prodtors take his Place. Then two ’ Perfons are nominated by the Heads, and one of them is cho- fen Vice-Chancellor for the Year enfuing, by the Body of the Univerfity, an the 4th of November.% Here note. That the Halls at Cambridge are endowed and privileged as the Colleges, and differ only in Name. $JOttO£ 0 ,] The two Prodtors are chofen every Year, as at Oxford, according to the Cycle of Colleges and Halls. There are chofen after the fame manner, Two, called ’Iox¬ en, who with the Prodtors have Care of Weights and Mea- fures, as Clerks of the Market. Eegitffr.j] The Cujlos Archivorsem, or Univerfity-Regifter.- There are alfo Three Efqnire-Beadles, One Yeoman-Beadle, and a Library-Keeper. ftytbilfgfSu] This Univerfity, for the Encouragement of Students, hath alfo diverfe Privileges, Rights and Liberties, granted by feveral Kings of England, which every Michaelmas- Bay the Mayor of the Town of Cambridge, at the Entrance into his Office, takes a folemn Oath before the Vice-Chancellor,: to obfcrve and conferve, according to the Purport of the faid Grants. The Regius Profeffiors of Divinity, Lavs, and Phyficb, are obliged to moderate at every Dodlor’s and Batchelor’s Adi in their feveral Faculties, and to determine upon the Queftions. the Exereife required for every Degree. F IRST, it is required of every one that takes the Degree of Batchelor of Arts, that he be refident in the Univerfity twelve Terms, and in his laft Year to keep two Philofothy-AHs ('■ f.) that he defend three Queftions in Natural Philofophy, Matbematicks, or Etbicks, and anfwer the Objedtions of three kveral Opponents at two feveral Times} and that he alfo op? pofe three Times. After which he is to be examined by the Mailer-and Fellows of his College, who (if they find no Ob- T 4 jedliop jeftion againit him) give him Leave to feek his Degree in Schools; where he is to fit three Days, and to be examined by two Mailers of Art, who are appointed by the Univerfity for thatPurpofe, and >by any other Regent that will take the Trou. ble upon him; after which he puts up a Petition to the Senate, That he may be admitted to the,faid Degree; which is teal (over three times, in the Caput Senatus, once in the Non-Regent- ilou.fi, and once in the Regent-Houfe ; and if the faid Petition be allowed of by all, he is admitted to his Degree by the Vice. Chancellor. No Man caii be admitted to the Degree of Majler of Arti, '’till three Years after he has taken the Degree of Batchelor of Arts ; during which Time he is obliged three feveral Times to maintain two Philofophical Queltions in the publick Schools, and to anfwer fuch Objedtions as lhall be urged againit him by a Mailer of Arts: fie mull likewife keep two Adis in the Batchelors Schools, and declaim once. When this is done, and three Years expired, he mull firfl have the Confent of the Mailer and major Part of the Fellows of his College (which is requifite to all Degrees) and then yifit every Dodtor and Regent that is refidpnt in the Univerfity; then put up a Petition to the Senate, which is read at two feveral Congregations to the Cs- put Senat. Regents and Non- Regents ; afterwards' (if it be not irejedled) he is admitted to the Degree of Majier of Arts, which i compleated on the firlh fuefday in July. [Ail Graces that are to be propofedto the Senate, muIlM pals the Caput, i. e. mull be propofed by the Vice-Chancel¬ lor to fiye Perfpns, viz. a PoSlor of Divinity ; a Doilor of %'avj ; a ’Potior of Phyftcl j a Majler of Arts of the Non-Rt- gents, and a Majier of Arts of the Regents. Thefe conftitute ■the Caput, and are appointed annually to confider and deter¬ mine what Graces are proper to be brought before the Body of the Univerfity; and every one of this Caput hath a negative Voice.] ’ It is required, that a Man be feven Years Majler of Arts be¬ fore he takes the Degree of Batchelor of Divinity: In order to which he is obliged; during that Time, to oppofe a Batchelor of Divinity twice; to keep one Divinity-Ait; to preach once in Latin, and' once in Englife, before the 'Univerfity; after which he may he admitted to the faid Degree. To the taking of the Degree of Doclorof Divinity, that the Commencer hath been four Years Batchelor of Divinity; that he Oppofe twice, and Refpond once in the Divinity-School; that he Preach at Sf Mary's once in Latin, and once in Eng- Life: Moreover, he is obliged, under the Penalty of Forty Shillings, to propofe a Quellion in the publick Schools within a Year after he hath taken the faid Degree, and-to determine upon the fame. . - Book III. of Great-Britain. a8f But in feveral Colleges the Gremials are difpenfed with from taking their Batchelor of Divinity’s Degree, if they keep a Divinity- Aft when it comes to their Turn, it is fufficient; and as for thofe that are not Gremials, they need only go out fir/altua, &c. _ _ • Any one who makes the Civil-Law his chief Study from the Time of his firft Admiffion into the Univerfity, may be ad¬ mitted to the Degree of Batchelor of Law at the End of fix Years, provided^he keep one Law-Aft in the pubh'ck Schools, where he is to anfwer fuch Objeftions as the Profeffor lhall urge againlt his Questions. A Batchelor of Arts may be admitted to the faid Degree in four Years after the taking of his Degree of Batchelor of Arts, if he performs the like Exercife. • . After a Man has been five Years Batchelor of Law, or feven Years Mafier of Arts, he may be Doflor of Law, provided he keep two Law-Afts, and oppofe once. No one can be admitted Batchelor in Phyfick ’till the 6th Year after his Admiffion, and he has kept one Phyfick-Aft, re- fponding to the Profeffor, or fome other Doftor, and oppofed once: After which, if he keeps two Phyfick-Afts, and oppofe once, he may commence Doftor at the End of five Years. A Mailer of Arts mull ftay feven Years, and perform the like Exercife, before he pan be admitted to the faid Degree. The Reafon of which, though not exprefs’d in the Statute, feems to be this; That they who take the Degree ol'Mafier of Arts, are not fiipppfed to have apply’d themfelves much to the Study of Phyfick before the taking their faid Degree; and therefore it is reafonable they ftay longer, before they are admitted to the higheft Degree in that Faculty, than they jvho have taken a Degree in it before.' The Exercifes performed every Term are, Every Monday, Tuefiay, Wtdnefday, Thurfday and Friday, in Term-Time, or at leaft within a little after the Beginning of the Term, there are Philofophical Deputations in (he Sophi- flers Schools, from One to Three in the Afternoon. Every Wcdnefday and Friday there are publick Deputations in the Batchelor of Arts Schools, upon fpme Philofophical or Po¬ etical Queftions ; and Declamations in the fame Place upon' Saturdays ; all performed by Settlor Batchelors, (»'. e.) thofe of the third Year. - " Every Monday,. Tuefday, Wednefday and Thurfday, between pf. Hou y s °f Nine and Eleven in the Morning, are held Philofophical Deputations between a Mafier and Batchelor of 282; C&e Went fctate Parti. Four in the Afternoon, -between a Maftcr of Arts, of feme cos- fiderable Standing, who is Refpondent, and three others who oppofe him. The fixth Thurfday in every Term, a Batchelor of Law or Mafier of Arts proTeffmg the CivilLaav, is obliged to keeps Law-AH, refponding to two Opponents; . Publick Deputations in Phyfick are performed in like Man-- ner the ninth Thurfday in every Term. Note', That befides thefe Exercifes required by Statutes, there are feveral. others performed after the fame Manner by thofe that take Degrees in the feveral Faculties. Befides all this, there is Exercife performed every Day is ‘Term-Time, either by the Fellows or the Scholars of every par- ticular College in their refpedlive Colleges. SCIjE S^MlJff.} In Cambridge the Lent-Term begins the 13th of January, and ends the Friday before Palm-Sunday. Eajler- Ternt begins the Wednefday after EaJkr-iVeek, and ends the Friday after Commencement-which is always the M Tuefday in July. Michaelmas-Term begins the 10th of OBohr, ana ends the 1.6th of December. Commencement.] The firfl Tuefday of July is always Dies Comitionm, there called the Commencement 5 wherein the Meftrs of Arts and the Doltors of all Faculties eompleat their Degrees refpeflively, as the Batchelors of Arts do theirs ia Lent, beginning on AJh-Wednefday. As to that Part of Government in this Univerfity, whereby there is put a Stop to extravagant Living, the Vice-Chancellor. Sometimes vifits the Taverns and other publick Houfes in his own Perfon; but the Proftors do it very frequently, and have Power not only to ptiniih offending Scholars bv pecuniary Mulfts, or carry them to the Talbooth at his Pleafure, but alfo. to fine aB fuch publick Houfes as entertain Scholars at unfea- fonable Hours, that is, after Eight in Winter, or Nine in Summer; by which Time they ought to be all in their refpeflive Colleges. For at thofe Times the Gates are lock’d, and the Dean of each College vifits every particular Chamber in the fame, to fee if any Scholars be wanting, that there may be Care taken both for difcovering and reforming all Sorts of Diforders. Cambridge lies 52 Degrees and 20 Minutes Northern Lati¬ tude. .Both thefe Univerfities are placed two ihort Days Journey from the Capital City of London, and about the fame Diftance from each outer. „ . [In the Univerfity of Cambridge r6 Colleges and Halls, 16 Mailers, 406 Fellowfiiips, about 662 Sdiolarfliips, zjb Ex¬ hibitions : The whole Number of Mailers, Fellows, Scholars, Exhibitioners, and other Students in this Univerfity, are about 1 joa The moil magnificent Buildings here are King's-Ct/lcgt Book III. of Great 4 Sritain. 283 Chapel, the New Building in the fame College, the Senate* 'llaufe, and Trinity-Library. jQng's-College Chapel is the fined Piece of Gothic Architec¬ ture now remaining on the Face of the Earth, three hundred and four Feet in Length, feventy-three broad from Outfide to putfide, and ninety-one Foot in Height to the Battlement*, and yet has not one Pillar in it. It is built of good durable Stone, having twelve large Windows on each fide exquifitely painted, and the Carving and Workmanfhip of the numerous Stalls equalling, if not exceeding, any thing of. the Kind. This coniKtutes one Side of a large Square. The New Build* jng at King's, which runs from the Weft-End of the Chapel, a little detached from it to the Southward, makes another Side of the Square. This Stru&ure, containing fpacious Cham¬ bers and Apartments for the Fellows and Students, is built of white hewn Stone, and is two hundred and thirty-fix Feet jn Length, and forty-fix Feet in Breadth, being one of the moll regular and beautiful Pieces of Modern Architefture in Europe. ' Trinity-Library Hands upon Pillars, that form a fine Piazza in the Inner Court of Trinity-College. It is built of hewn Stone, and is one hundred and ninety Feet in Length, and forty Broad; but this is further defcribed hereafter among the libraries. The New Senate-Houfe (which with the Schools, the Uni- verfity-Library, and fome other Buildings intended to be erefted oppoiite to it, will form a handfome Square) is one hundred and one Feet in Length, and forty-two in Breadth, built with hewn Stone, and adorned with fluted Pillars, Tri¬ angular Pediment, and other Ornaments fuitable to 'fuch an Edifice. Nor mull Clare-Hall be omitted, whofe elegant Buildings, beautiful Walks, Vifto’s, and natural Canal, formed by toe Eiver, maketh it one of the moft delightful' Abodes of the Mufes. And as the Struftures already mentioned are admired for their Beauty, St. Jobns-College is no lefs confiderable on ac¬ count of the Number of Students, and the Strifinefs of the Pifcipline obferved here, the Groves and Gardens belonging to it, alfo with its Situation on the River, render it exceeding pleafant. ' Hilaries.] After what has been faid of the Oxford Libra- tics, it may not be amifs to fay fomething concerning thofe in C famous Univerfity, fo far as is confiftent with our intended ity. And M of the _ Sniberlitp^Hib^arp.] In which, among other valuable nooks, there is a Gregory’s Pajloral Care in Saxon, admirably 'veil written, and a large Part of the Septuagint, in very anci- P*t Greek Letters. This Library contains about 14000 Books ) n all. Amongft thefe may be reckoned the ancient Monu¬ ments 284 €fje pjefettt State Parti, mentsof the Church of the Walienfes, or Vaudois, brought by Sir Samuel Moreland from Piedmont, and given here; as alio that moft ancient Copy of the Four Go/pels and the Alls, taken out of the Monaftery of St. Ireneeus at Lyons, A. D, 1562, and prefented to this Univerfity by Theodore Beza, A.D. 15S1, This Book is written in Greek and Latin, not long after the Alexandrian Manufcript in his Majelty’s Library; and though it differs in fome Places from the newer Copies, it is faid to agree very well with lrenreus and other ancient Fathers. [King George I. added to thefe a very valuable Colleflion of Books and Manufcripts, confiding of thirty thoufand Volumes and upwards, which he purchafed of the Executors of the Right Reverend Dr. More, late Bifhop of Fly, for the Sum of Si? Thoufand Guineas, and'made a Prefent of them to this Univer- lity. The fame King, in the Year 1724, founded a ProfelTorihip of-modern Hiftorv and Languages in this Univerfity, and ano¬ ther at Oxford, afligning to each of the ProfelTors a Salary of 400 /. per Annum, either of the faid ProfelTors being obliged to maintain two Perfons qualified to teach the faid Languages ; who were to inllruft 20 Scholars Gratis, to be nominated by the Crown in each Univerfity. Notwithftanding which, there has been very little Progrefs made in Modern Hiftory and Lan. guages; and it is apprehended that as well the Salaries as the Exercifes will be difcontinued.] Every College and Hall in Cambridge hath its Library like as in Oxford, and excelling in the fame Kinds of Books, manii- fcript and printed. We need not tell oyer the Names of each College,’in order to enumerate their Libraries, though fome of them well dcferve to be particularly mentioned; •viz. ajrinitpjColleg^llif^arp,] which is the moll magnifi¬ cent Building of its Kind in the three Kingdoms, and is daily more and more furnilhed with Variety of good Books; not to mention the great Number of choice Manufcripts which are here preferved; amongll which, the Codex Holmimfu, containing a great Part of Origen's Works in Greek ; the Epiftles of St, Paul, fuppofed to be writ by Venerable Felt ; Eadwin's Pfalterium Triplex (being the molt valuable La¬ tin Pfalter in England] ought to be particularly mentioned. But in lBenncWCollegfcllUb^arp] there is a moll valuable Col- leftion of Manufcripts, and ancient Printed Books, given by Matthew Parker, Lord Archbilhop of Canterbury, in the Time of Elizabeth. Thefe Books were collefted out of the Remains of the old Abbey-Libraries, and from thofe be¬ longing to Colleges and Cathedral-Churches, and do chiefly re¬ late to the Hiftory of England, as may eafily be feen by the continual References which thofe that write on this Subject do make to it: Nor is this Colledtion cleftitute of Writing 1 , Jo* III. Of Gr^at-S rit/Lin; ' 285 or molt valuable Books in other Faculties; as witnefs the Fear Gofpels, and Juventus, both in Capital Letters, Claudius Frtkter in Matthrsum, D. Ambrofe Hexamertm, and Origines in Lucam, both in Lombardick Letters, befides Numbers of other fcarce Manufcripts. &f. 31o!jtt’;6*<£OlIege=5G.ib?arj>] was chiefly founded by. Archbifliop Williams, Keeper of the Great-Seal of England in King James the Firft’s Time, and a Man of a Noble Spirit. The Cafe is very large and beautiful, and the Collection, as to Printed Books, the fecond or third in Cambridge. It has late¬ ly received a great Augmentation by the Acceflion of the Li¬ brary of Dr. Gunning, late Bifhop of Ely, who gave it to that' College: And fo alio ©numuelc=CoIlege*3!Uf>?arp] has lately received another valuable Collection of curious Books by the Deceafe of Arch- bilhop Sancroft. And here the Reader may pleafe.to obferve,- that all the Libraries in Oxford are S/K^/ag-Libraries; and : ihofe of Cambridge (except that of King's-College) are Lending-' j Libraries; that is, he that is qualified may borrow out of it any Eook he wants. CHAP. XIII. Of the reft of his Majefty’s Dominions, &c. Of Jerse y and GuBRNSir. T HE next, and neareft, are his Majefty’s two fmall Iflands of Jet-fey and Guernfey, lying near the Coaft of France, with two leffer, Aldemay and Serle, being the only Remains of the Dukedom of Normandy now in his Majefty’s Poffeflion j in both of which the Freticb Tongue is generally retained! lerftp.] Jerfey, the biggeft of the wo, though not above 40 Miles in Circumference, is a moil fertile Soil, producing all Kinds of Grain, and feveral Sorts of good Fruit, efpecially Apples, of which they make great Quantities of Syder. ’Tis well flock’d with Cattle, particularly Sheep, fumiihing the In¬ habitants with great Store of fine Wool, which employs moil of the Poor in making Stockings, which in Time of Peace were chiefly fent over into France ,' their neareft Market. This is one of the prettieft Iflands under the Proteftion of the King of Great-Britain; but for a long and particular Defcrip- don of it fee Mr. Fuller's late admirable Account of this Ifland. N . . Cibil ©obernmfnt] For the Civil Government- of this Ifland, the principal Magiftrate is the Bailiff, who is of Royal Nomination, and with Twelve Jurors, chofen by the People, i adminiflers i 86 ©Ije pjefent £>tate Part i, adminiflers Juflice, and determines all Caufcs within the fa mt Treafon only excepted. Appeals may be brought before the Council-Board in Matters of Civil Property above the Value of 360 Livres Foumois. There are here feveral Seigneuries, or Royal Fiefs, the chief whereof is St. Ouen. Ouernfe?.] The Ifland of Guenifey lying about 20 Miles diftant from, the former,.is well defended with Rocks, as that allb is,, and is not much lefs in Space, but is fomewhat inferior in the Richnefs of the Soil, which has this rare Quality, that it nouriihes no venomous Creature in it. Both of them are fumiihed with great Variety of Filh. There are Ten Parities in the Ifland, the firfl: of which is St. Peter Port, which is a very convenient and fafe Harbour for Shipping. Upon the Pi tr ■ which is curioufly paved, is the ufual Walk of the Inhabitant! of the Town. There are two Royal Fiefs, or Seigneuries, in this Ifland, held of the Crown in Fealty and Homage, mix. Anncville, In- Madam ePAimeville, Relift of Charles Andros, Efq; late Lieu¬ tenant-Bailiff ; and Summares by the late Sir Edmond Anini: Since the late Revolution, and in Time of War, there has been generally a Regiment of Foot quartered in the two Jflands. The Civil Government is like that of Jerfey, managed by a Bailiff of Royal Nomination, and Twelve Jurors of popular Eleftion; and the Inhabitants have the fame Liberty of Ap¬ peal to the King and Council. 'The End of the First Part. 1287] DESCRIPTION O F SCO f LAND In General. BOOK I. CHAP. I. Its Names, Climate, Dimenfms, and Diviftons. iHame,] HE ancient Monks, who relilh’d no Antiquities but what were fabulous, de- faHn HSH r ‘ vc c ^ e Name from one Scuta, H||i Daughter of Pharaoh, King of Egypt, I feajffi fj krelg married to Gathelus, Son of Cecrops, King of Ahem. It is mod probable tint Scot and Scythian are derivable from the fame Root, from Something analogous to the Saxon Scytan, which fignifies to fioot, in which Exercife all thefe Northern Nations were excel- ^nt. Some Critickshave endeavoured to trace the Name very high'. a 88 Cfcjpprentdtate Parti, high, by reading Scotobrigaates in Seneca , where the (W . have S cutabrigantes i Scoticas Pruinas in the Head of Scjihi :i ■Prxinas, in fome Verfes of the Poet Floras to the Emperor hi Brian ; and Seottodeni, for Ottodeni, a People in Britain m a tioned by Ptolemy. But thefe Conjeflures are no fufHcietj Ground forHiilory: And the earlieft Author that we know of who exprefly named'the Scots, was Porphyry the Philofopher, a the third Century. The Name appears to have been unknost .to the more ancient Greeks and Romans, who fpoke oftls 'Country by tire Names of Jerne and Hibernia ; which thty fuppofed to be a large feparate Ifland, frtuate to the North rf Britain; though there is only a Peninfula formed by the tm Friths of Forth and C/)de, which reach far into the Country, tit ■one from the Eaft, and the other from the Weft. They were therefore miftaken in thinking it a different Ifland, but ’tis cer¬ tain that under thefe Names they meant it only, witnefs Streh .and Me/a the two moft ancient general Geographers now ex¬ tant ; who moll evidently place their J erne and Hibernia at tie •North of Britain, which Strabo makes Ihorter than it is, evea no longer than to reach to thefe Friths, on that Account. Nor can there be any Author produced, who plainly appears to de- frnn any other Country by thefe Words, except perhaps Juki Cm far, until the Romans had advanced fo far in Britain as to fee their Miflake, which was about the Time of Veftajm: After which indeed they gave thefe Names to Ireland, which they faw to be a diftinft Ifland to the Weft. As to Cmfar, wlo places his Hibernia to the Weft from Britain, it.muft be noted, that he entirely inverts the true Situation of Britain, malting it to lie from Eaft to Weft inftead of South and North, fo that he ■inult have made his Hibernia Weft from it, though.he had -meant our Country, as moft probably he did. And it is not of great Moment that he places an Ifland Mona in the Middle be¬ twixt them ,* for neither is it certain what Ifland he meant, nor, if it were, is it to be expefted that we fhould be able to account for his Inconliftency, or Miftake, about a fmall Ifland which he never faw, when he is fo very far wrong with refpeft to the greateft Ifland in Europe, to which he had made two Expedi¬ tions. As the old Greeks and Romans knew r.ot the Names of Sett ■or Scotland, fo neither did the People themfelves j and therefore may feem lefs interefted either in the Origin or Etymology ® the Appellation, which was firll given them by Foreigners, in the fame Manner as People and Countries in America have Names arbitrarily impofed upon them by- the Europeans. The Word is none of their ancient Language, nor ever adopted into it to this Day. They call themfelves Albinich, and their Country Amr, which is a conliderable Argument for their great Antiquity; for Pliny tells us, lib. 4. cap. 30. that Britain had been called d- hion, by which Name it is indeed deferibed by feveral ancient Authors yet extant. So it feems moie reafonable to feek ® Book I. Of GREAT-BRIT AiN. 289 firil Inhabitants among thofe who retain the ancient Name, than', as is generally done, among the Progenitors of the Weljh 'in Rutland, who call themfelves by no Name that refembles either Jllim or Britannia. From this alfo it feenis probable, that the Scots, Bid!, and South Britons, were not'altogether the fame People, as fome imagine, fince neither did they call themfelves by one general Name, nor had the fame (Moms and Language.' Indeed that the Bids were of the fame People with‘ the South Britons is generally agreed, both becaufe fuch Words of their Language, as are preferred, are ufed in Wales to this Day, and that they painted their Bodies in like. Manner as the South Bri¬ tons &L Yea their Name Bids, being unqueftionably k Ro- mn Word, leaves no Reafon to doubt but it was given by the Romans to thofe unconquered Britons who .llill kept up their old Cuiloms, which their Countrymen under the Reman Yoke had abandoned, to take up with thofe, of their new Mailers. Oh the.contrary, the Scots mull be judged to have been a different People; for neither is their Language the" fame with th e Weljh, nor did they paint their Bodies: If they had, the Romans would have comprehended them alfo under the Name . Bids. As to the Language, we are told however, that a vail Number of the primitive Words in the Weljh and old Scotijh, are either the lame or of great Affinity; whence it may well be fuppofed that they have been the fame Two Thoufand Years ago, and confequently the People the fame too. But furely, though a vail: many Latin Words be Greek, or plainly derived from the Greek, it will not be allowed that Greeks and Romans were not very dif¬ ferent People. Befides, ’tis pretty certain that the Scotijh and Weljh Languages were at lealt very near as different 1300 or or 1400 Years ago as they are at prefent: For, as the Weljh,- Cornijh- Language, and that of the People of Bretagne in Trance is the fame, differing only in DiaJeQ, though they have had little or no Communication for fo long Time ; fo the like obtains among the Inhabitants of the Wellem Side of Scotland,- the lrijh, and Inhabitants of the IJle of Man. Each of the for¬ mer three underhand one another pretty well reciprocally among themfelves, and fo do the latter three; but none of the three former can underftand, or be underitood by any of the others: But furely had the Language been the fame 1400 Years ago, a feljhman in the North of England would at this Day under¬ hand his next Neighbours in the South-Well of Scotland better than the People of Bretagne in France. Nor is, it incenfiflent, that the Scots and Britons ffiould have had different Languages, though both came originally from Gaul, as ’tis generally agreed they did; for Julius Crefar and Jmmian Marcellin, who well, hnew, inform us that there were three different Languages ip that large Country. Upon die whole, it would feemthat the Scots had been the hittlabbitasts of Britain, who in after Times had been over- U powejed 290 t:&e PfeCeiit &tate Partn, powered by another People rulhing in upon them from the Con. tinent; and in like Manner as the Britons were afterward re¬ duced by the Saxons to Weft-of England-, that is, to the worft and moll inacceflible Places, when their Spirits were broken by their Slavery to the Romans fo it would feem that they had firft treated the Scots, by compdlingi.them to take up with the Weflem Coaftof Scotland and tlie tfiles, and fome of them to' go' over into Ireland, for there is no Probability that it was planted from any other Place than Britain. Certain it is that the Scots poffeffed.thefe Places,: and them only in the Times of the Romans, where ’ti? not probable that they had fettled by Force, becaufe Conquerors are always obferved to fettle in the bell Parts of a Country. The whole Eaitern Side of Scotlhl was inhabited by the Bias, who kept up a pretty potent King, dom there to the Year 838, when they were totally fubduedhy the Scots under King Kenneth Mac-dipin, who thus became the . firft Monarch of all Scotland. The Kingdom was after this di- vided into four large Diflricis for Adminiliration of Juflice, \ Kairnbjtlg, Colonel Buchan's i Dalgetry, Earl.of Errol's; Mm: Eari of Aboin'si ■.Mud’wal/,%6rd Fra fees'-, Pi!>nedett'n,S\tdltx under Seton'.s, .Bart. Cragywar, Sirs William Forbes's \ ’FiriittM Forbes's, Bart. Munimtjk, Forbes's, Bart,' Cetjilc-Forbis, L® Forbes's-, Srathcs, Sir Thomas Burnetof Leys, Bart. Frendrauft Bpofc I- flfGREAT-BRITAIN. Lord Vifcount Fiendraught' s Earl of Dumfrlitig'st 7yn, ; Philprth, Lord Saltoun's ; fyw*, Hugh Frajier’s, Efq;. 2. Shire of IJlire, Derives its Name from Aire, the Head Burgh of the Shire; wliidi is a little Mart, .arid 4 vyell known Port upon a River of the fame Name, fituate in a' fandy Plain, yet has pleafant arid fruitful Fields, with Greens, which afford s pleafant Profpeft both Winter arid Summer, The Country generally produces vood Store of Corn apd Grafsis very populous, and the In¬ habitants are exceeding jnduftrious; • Between the Town and the Sea Cromwell built a Citadel, which was welj fortified with a Mi and a Stone Wall; it' was demolilhed at the Reftoration, arid now only fome Houles are Handing, and fpme Angles of the Ramparts. By the King’s Patent, Aire is'the Sheriff’? Seat, and has a Country of 32 Miles Extent under its jurifdiftion. This Country contains the three great Bailleries of Scotland, Carrick, Lit, and Cunningham■ Carrick is a Country fruitful in Paf- tures, and abundantly furriilhed with Commodities By Sea and Land. Robert Bruce,'the famous King of Scotland, was Earl of Carrick. Kyle is a plentiful Country, arid well inhabited, it is divided into King's?Kyle, and Kyle-Stuart: Of the firft the Catnpbels of Loudon were the Heritable Sheriffs; of'the other, the Wallaces of Craigie ; but both the Sherifflhips are^now unit¬ ed in the Earl of Loudon. The Earl of CaJJtlis is Heritable Bailiff of Carrick, and the Earl of Eglington of Cunningham, Cunningham fignjfips th e King's Habitation; whence we may guels at the Beauty pf its Situation. Not far from Ardrajfan in this Country, is Larges, imbrued with the Blood of the Norwe¬ gians, by King Alexander HI. Loudon.is fituate in Cunningham, and in that Diltrift is the Seat of the Earl of Louden. The Earl of Stairs, amf the V/allaces, famous formerly for their Bravery in Defence of their Country’s Liberty, have their Seats in Kyle. Upon the Water of Aire there are many pleafant Seats, encom- paffed with Woods arid Groves, and the River abounds with Salmon and Trout. At the Place where the little River of Kyle falls into the Water of 'Aire, Hands Sundroun, the Seat of the Lord- Cathcart. Two Miles North of Aire Town Hands Kimaje, which always was, and is, a Place of Retirement for LeprousPerfons: AMile beyond that is M/tnSon-CdJile, aplea- fant Seat belonging to William Bailie, Efq;. About two Miles tom hence in the Sea, lies Lady-ljle, where is great Plenty of Rabbits and Fowl, but there are no Inhabitants. Other Seats'in the Shire pf iJlinLj CaJJtlis, Earl of CaJJt'lis'sy KgUngton, Earl of Eglington'sr, Kilburn and Rcrwalhn, Earl of Glafctnv’s; Leifnoris, the Countefs of Dumfries's ; Kilburny, Vifcount Gat-nock's ; the Cove, Sir Archibald Kennedy's of Col- lenti l Craigy, Sir fhemas Wallace's, Bart. Kilkarrcn, S\x James ■ ■ , U 3 Ter - 294 Elje patent ©tate Part'll, Fergufoi: s, Eart. Auchins, Earl of DtindohalF S-; Garment Maim; Sir Thomas Kennedy's ; Stair, EarTof Stair's ; • Bargany, Lord Bargany s ; Blairquhan, Sir AdelmWhitfqris, Bart. Kilmarnock gives the Title of Earl of Kilmarnock to the Family of Beyl, which is an antient Family in Scotland ’, Ouchehrcc, S\x John Cockratt's; and Hazelhead, Francis Montgomery, Efq; This Sheriffihip is in the King’s-Gift. 3 - Shire of Slrgpfe, ■ '■ ' : Comprehends Argyle, 'Lorn, Kintyre, Cowal,Knapdalc, and the Weft IJles Ctf ljlay, Jura, Mill, Ilcollimkil, Wyfl, fereff, Coll, and Lifmore. Here' the Dukes of: Argylechwe Jura h- galidi The Family of the Camplelsf op which they are the Head, have great Authority 'and Intereft over this whokrShire. Of old, the Repreferitatives of thisTamily.-were Juftices-Gene- ralof .Scotland’, and as yet retain the Power ofjjtifticiaries of this Shire, and are Heritable Great-Maftersof the- King’s. Houf- hold. This Country had formerly two Sheriffdoms,. Afgyle and lariat, but now they are united’into one, which 5 comprehends Kintyre, Knapdale, AJkeodniJh, and Ccrwal, in which-is:I)«M« l formerly the Bilhop of Argyle' s Seat, Lorn, and ethers already named. It joins to Ferthjhire >sn the. Ball, on the North-Ealt to Loquhaier, on the North-Weft to the IJles, and on the South to the Irijh Sea. It is about Sixfcore Miles in Length, and. in Breadth Forty Miles. The Sea, in many Places, "runs a great Way up into the Land, in long Bays,- which they, call Loujc. The Tract properly called Argyle, lies between Lochfyne, where¬ in is a great Herring-Filhery. and Loch-aw, a Frelh-water Lech, 24 Miles long, and one broad. The whole Shire is-mountain- ■ ous, and the Inhabitants, whofpeak Irijb, i. e, the ancient So- tijh, live chiefly by Hunting and Fiihing. Lorn lies fomctvhat higher towards the North, a Country producing the belt Barley; divided by Loch-Levin, a vail Lake, upon which hands Birgr mim, a Caltle, wherein the Courts of Juftice were anciently kept. ' Its Stewards in' the lall Age were the lords of Lorn, but by a Female Heir it came to the Earl of Argyle, • whole el deft Sons, before they were made Dukes, were Vifcounts Lorn Kintyre, the Sduthermoft Divifron of this . Shire, - is above 3c Miles long, and S or 9 broad; it is a Country very fruitful, art well inhabited both by Low-Landers and High-Landers. Camp heltdn, a Royal Burgh, is in this Divifion, where is a fafe Har hour for Ships, having an Hand in the Mouth of the Bay. > The chiefeft Royal Burgh in the whole Shire is Inveraray, thi -Seat of the Duke of Argyle It- Hands in Lornt and is com mended for a very beautiful Place, being adorned with a largi Caltle, and fine Parks, and- feated upon Lochfyne, a River s Jarge as the Thames. " The Duke of Argyle is Hereditary Sheriff Othe: BookI. Of Great-Britain. 295 Other Scats in 3 lrgple(l)ire.] Lodgaer, Sir James Campled s of Aujiinbreck-Cajlk ; Kilchurn, Earl of Braid-Allin's; the Caftle Dunftaff, formerly a Seat of the Kings, where many Utifi King 5 are bury’d: It now belongs to'the Duke of jrgle, and is governed by an Heritable Captain under his Grace. ' , 4. Shire of Bamff, Isfo denominated from Bamff, a. Burgh-Royal, feated at the Mouth of'Doverne, in the Boyne, where the Sheriff holds his Courts. The adjacent Country is very fertile, and the Salmon- Fifhing very advantageous. In Length, from Weft to Eaft, it. is about 32 Miles, and the Breadth about 30. In Batyenie is found.the Stone of which Allom is made; and,in the Countiy of Byni, great Quarries of fpotted Marble have been lately dis¬ covered. The Countiy is generally well furnifhed with Grafs and Corn, and comprehends^ that Part of Buchan which lies. North of the River Eugie, .with the Countries .of Strathdovern, Bsync, Enzie, Slratbawn, and Behenie. Bamff fhews the Kuins-of an old Caftle, near which is the Abby of Deer, which appertained, to the Cijtertian Monks, and was founded by Wil- ■ Ham Cumin, Earl of Buchan.. , Seats in ©amfffljire.] Gerdon-Cajlle, Duke of Gordon's ; Cullen and Dejkford, Earl oiFinldieAm Iiidruer, Lord Banff’s ; Berlenboync, Sir James Abercrmby's ; Forglain, Sir Alexander Ogilvy' s; Pittendrich, Lord Qlipbant's ; Cajlle-Grant, the Laird of Grant's; Bracco, Duff's. 3. Shire of BcrtotCft* This Sheriffdom is divided into three Parts, the Merfe, Lam- uummre, and Lauderdale-, it is about 20 Miles in Length, and 14 in Breadth. The Merfe, or Merch, is fo called from its Si¬ tuation, it being a March or Border Country between Scotland and England. , Formerly this Country lay open to all the In¬ roads made by both Nations upon one auother. Upon the Union of the Crowns, they felt the, Bieilings of Peace, and by the Union of the Kingdoms, they, with the reft of the Border¬ ers, are fecured for ever with the reft of the JJland. In this fmali Tradt there are feveral notable Towns. Lauder, a Royal- Burgh and Seat of the Commiffariot. Greenloax, a Burgh'of Regality, and chief Burgh of the Shire, belonging to the Earl of Marcbmont. Coclburn-Patb t a Poft-Stage belonging to Sir James Hall of Dunglafs. Coldjiream-Town, once a Monaftery, now belonging to the Earl of Hume and Haddington. Dunce, a Burgh of Barony, the beft Market for Cattle “in all Scotland. Aymouth, a famous Sea-port Town, and more famous for being the firft Title of the Duke of Marlborough. Coldington, once s famous Nunnery, and afterwards a Priory. Humc-Cajlle and Fajl-Cajlle, are both Seats belonging to the Earls of Iitmic, who are Hereditary Sheriffs of this County. U 4 Other 296 mt - Part IL Other Seats in 3 E ErtcicfefiurE.] Lnuder-Cajlle, the Earl of Lauderdale's ; ■ Pol’warth-Cxjllc, Earl of Marcbmont's ; Blada. der, Sir John Hum's ; Mellorjlon , George Baillie, 'of Jensifusmd; Allenbank, Sir Robert Stuart's ; Eirfel, Earl of Hum's. 6. Shire of ISUtlje, or ISttfe, or Boot, . A fmall Ifiand near the Coaft of Argyle, about 10 Miles long and one broad, is fo called from Bute, a Religious Houfe found¬ ed by one Brcniamis ; it is a Shrievalty by it felf, andhasaShe- riff of the Family op the Stuarts, who has under his Jurifdiflion the Ifland of Glotta, or Arran; the Earldom whereof is en¬ joyed by the Family of th e Hamilton's, of which the Duke of Hamilton is now - the Head. In the Ifland of Bute Hands the Caltle of Rotbefay, which gives the Title of Duke to the eldeft Son of the King of .Scotland, who is born Prince of’ Scotland, Duke "of Rotbefay, and High-Steward of Scotland, ever face King Robert II f. invefted his eldeft Son DaviAvAA that Tide, who was the fall in Scotland that was honoured with the Stile of Duke. Both thefe Iflands are tolerably fertile, and their Pro¬ duce is of the fame Nature with that of the other Wejlern If aids. Stuart Earl of Bute is the’chief Proprietor and Heritable-Coro¬ ner of that Ifland ; Rofa is his Seat. ■ Gallantlne has another Seat at Keames, and Stuart of 'Afog another. Near "&/c are two fmall Iflands, called Great and Little Cumbrays , the Pro¬ perty of the Earl of Glafgow. Arran is bigger than Bute, 24 Miles from South to North, and feven Miles from Eaft to Well. It almoft all belongs to the Duke of Hamilton, who has a plea- fant Summer Seat at Brodick-Cafile, and a Foreft in the Ifland, in which are ufually about 400 Head of Deer. The People, who fpeak all lrip, are Protefiants, and are Hill compofed of feveral Tribes or Clans. The moll ancient are 'Mac-Lewis (/. e. Sons of Lewis ) who own themfelves to be of French Parentage. In Englijh they are called Fullerton, and are Lairds of Kiri- Michael, where they refide. There are alfo feveral otherfmaller Iflands in the fame Bay, under^the Jurifdiflion of the Sheriff of Bute. By the Aft of Union of Scotland and England, Bute is joined with Caithncfs in fending Reprefentatives to the Parliament of Great-Britain, and the fall Turn is adjudged to Bute. Stuart, Earl of Bute, is Hereditary Sheriff. ' 7. Shire ofCaitljMTsf, Lies far North, butting upon, the Eaftern and Northern Sea, full ef Creeks and Inlets from the Sea, which runs in tmy Places far within the Land. IVeel, a Royal Burgh, is the Re- fidence of the Sheriff, or his Officer. The Inhabitants of this Province, who are but few, fubfift chiefly upon Grazing and -Railing, of Cattle, Oats, and Barley, andFilhing. Girnego, the Seat of the Earl of Caithnefs, is the principal Seat in theCoun-. ; fey. The Earl of Braid-Albin is Hereditary Sheriff. ' ■ ■ - • .Other Book I. 0f -Cm AT-3B81T Ahi. 297 Other Seats in Cait!jncfg(|)ire.] ‘Iburfo-Cafiki “Earl of • Caitbnefs's ; Dunrobiti, Earl of Sutherland's-, Dunbcath, Sir William Sinclair s of May; Skclbo, Lord Dujfus' s; Murkle, Earl of Caitbnefs' s. . 8. Shire of Clackmannan, Is Part of Fife, fo called from Clackmannan the Head Burgh } it is bounded to the North by the Orchill-liills, to the South,by the Frith, or Forth, to the Eaft by Part of Perthjhirs, and to the Weft by Part of Steriingjhire, It is about 8Milesin L?ngth, and 6 in Breadth, where broadell. The Country is plain, , and Soil fertile: Moll of it is lit for Pallure; what is below the Or- chill-ttilh bears Corn very well. About Alloway and Clack¬ mannan they have great Store of Coal-Pit?; the Coal whereof, with their Salt,. they export, in good '.Quantities. Bruce of Clackmannan is.Hereditary Sheriff of this little Shire. Scats in ClaC&mannatlCjttt,] Alloway, late Earl of MW?, a very beautiful and pleafant beat; Kennet, Colonel James Bruce's ; Mmflri, Ja. Halburns ; Pillibody, Alexander Abtr- amby's; Ullicutri, Sir Robert Stuart's, Bart. Lord of the'Seflion ; Sanckic, Sis John Shaw'soi Greenock ; Forth, George Gordon's. 9. shire of Cromarty, Is denominated from Cromarty, a Royal Burgh, {landing up*, on the Frith of Cromarty, which is 15 Miles long, and ity many Places 2 Miles'broad: The Entrance of the Frith is narrow, yet when once in, it is very fafe and eafy. The Waters of. Cornel are famous for the Pearls found in them. Earl of Cromarty is Sheriff and Proprietor of great Part of this Country, and refides at Tarbat. This Shire comprehends Part, of Rofs, lying upon the South Side of Cromarty Frith i it is in Length 50, and in Breadth 30 Miles. The Straths, or Vallies, upon the VVater- fides, are full of Wood, particularly upon, the Carron, rhe Wa¬ ters of Braan, and near Alferig, are great Woods of Fir, and on the Hills great Store of all Sorts of Game, Seats in CCOttnCtpilliCp.] Cromarty Caflle, Sir Keneth Mac- lame's ; Cajlle-Leod, New-Tarbat, Caftle-Uavm, all' three the Earl of Cromarty's, whofe Refidence is at Farhat, which gives Title to his eldeft Son -, Craighoufe, Hugh Rofs’s of KHFavock. 10. Shire of ©umbjiton, or Dumbarton, - So called from Dunbarton, a Burgh-Royal, and chief Town of the Shire, which comprehends all Lenox, bounded on the South with the River Clyde and its Forth on the Weft by Loch- Img, and a Water of the fame Name, which falleth into it j.on the North by the Granjbain Hills,' and on the Eaft by the River , Flam, which divides it from Steriingjhire. In Length it is about 24 Miles, and in Breadth-about 20; the lower Part is very fertile in Com; the higher is hilly, moorilh, and.more fit for 3 Pafture. 298 C&cj&efent ©tatfc Part n. Failure. Here are loughs both of fait’ and frelh Water. The greateft of the frelh Water loughs, is Lough-Loman, 24 Miles in Length, and-8 in Breadth, where broadeft, and where mr- joweft, but 2. It is furrounded with Hills on all Sides, except the South, aiid is foil of Hands, fome of which are cultivated and inhabited; the Country is well furniflied with Gentlemens Houfes: Here is Kilpatrick, a Regality belonging to the Lord Blantyre. The Town of Dumbarton is fituated in a Plain on' the Bank Of the River Levin, near the Place where it comes into Clyde, slittle below the Caftle, excellently fortified by Nature, and owing little to Art. The Privileges of this Town were pro¬ cured by one of the Countefles of Lenox: The Situation of the Country is very extraordinary, for where the Waters of Clyde and Levin meet, there is a Plain extended the length of a Mile, atthe Foot of the neighbouring Hills: And in the Angle, where the Rivers meet, there rifes a Rock with two Tops, the higher of which looks to the Weft, with a Watch-Toweron the Top of it, having a large Profpeil on all Sides: The other be¬ ing a little one, lies to the Eaft. Betwixt theie two Tops are Steps, hewn out of the Rock, in which but one Perfon can pals at aTime to the upper Part of the Caftle. To'the South it hath a little Defcent, which embraces the plain Ground, fo enclofed by Art and Nature, that it fornilhes Room for feveral Houfes and Gardens. The Harbour is fecured by a Fort: The Circum¬ ference of the Caftle is but fmall, and yet at the Top is a Lake, and feveral other Springs: In this Caftle his Majefty keeps a Garrifon, and the Earl of Hay is the Governor. The Houfe of Lenox were of a long Time Hereditary Sheriff; of this Shire: When the Houfe was extinft by the Death of Charles Duke of Lenox, in > 672, his Eilate in Scotland fell to the King by Succeflion, who gave it to Charles Lenox his Natu¬ ral Son, whom he created Duke of Lenox. Seats in glumbartonfijire .]' Ro/e-Neath, Duke of Argyll's; Rofe-Dtte, Calhun's of Lufs ; Ardulaple, Mocanlaf s. Now the Duke of Montrofs is Hereditary Sheriff of Lemxfiirc. Ard-Cafjc, Sir Evan Macanlefs. 1 j. The Shire of ©umfrei#, with the Stewarty of aimianDale* ^umfreietfjire comprehends Atmandale and Nidifdale, and takes its Name from Dumfreis the chief Burgh in the Country: It’s boanded on the Weft with Galloway and Kyle; on the Ball with Solway Frith and the Merches of Scotland and England-, on the North with Part of Clidifdale , Tnveeddale , and Te-vht- dak ; and on the South with the lrifi Sea. From Weft to South ’tis about 50 Miles long, and in Breadth about 34. The Inhabitants are a flout 'warlike People; and before the King¬ doms were united, they were looked upon as the Bulwark of the Kingdom. The Soil is generally not fo good for' Corn as Paftu- Book I. OfGREAT-BRlTAIlL - 2 $: rage; fo that they deal moftly 'in Cowsartd Sheep, which turn ; to copfiderable Profit. . Annandale runs in a ftreight Line from Well: to Eaft. Locbmaban, a Royal Burgh in-it, is fituate upott theSouth-fideof the River Annan, in the-Middle ofthcCoun- ny ; near the Source of which River is, Moffat j famous efor, its Medicinal Well. Annandale is a, Stuarty. within .(he ,Sheriffdom , - of Dmfreis, of which the Marquifs of Annattd^h is Hereditary Steward. Between Annandale and EJkiale isWachffdak^mMn, of the fame Nature... as the former.- The, ‘molt caneje^ Monu¬ ment thereabouts.is in St.^a/i’s Church. -.-Near,:this!?&ce the People have a Way-of making,Salt of Sea-fand, findjShg-Salt is,- fotnewhat bitterilh, which probably proceeds from ths^Nitre con¬ tained in it,. -.Another Part-.pf Dumfr-eiffAre i^idifdale, ea- , compaffed with a-Ridge of-Hills pn all Sides, j Undivided inta' the Querward, containing the.farhhes.in thfi?rejfbytery of Pen-, put; and the Neathtward, pontajning,tj?pfeig^he Prelhytery of Dutrfreiu , ,jHere ,i i'i>rpmlanrig, aSej# pf the Duke of Queenf- ,. isi/s^ which is yery;magmficent,: and adorned with ftately A- venues, Gardens^jan^Terras-Walks. The Streets in Dumfreis are iar£e, and the .Church and, Caftle very ftately. The Tide ; flowii)g:up.to.theT,own, makes a Harbour for the Convenient/- of-Trade ;-here- is-jdfo.ian Exchange for the Merchants:: .The Duke of Sheenjhuty -is Hereditary Sheriff of this Country. ,; Seats in ainnattiWif'] Wefler-Hall, Sir John JohnJlon's ;< Ltither-Hall , ‘Mr. Robert Johnfion's; Lockwood, Marquifs of . Annandale's j Clojkburn , Sir Thomas Kilpatrick's ; Apple-Gritb,- Jar dens ; Kelhead, Sir William Douglafs's ; Springkelt, Sir Pa¬ trick Maxwell's ; Hcnumains, Sir John Camber's ; Cajlle-Milk, ■ Sir John Douglasls. izi Shire of (gainliurgl), or^fe?Lotl)ian, Commonly called Mid-Lothian, is the principal Shire of Scotland; in Length 20 or 21 Miles, in fome Places 16 or 17 broad, and in other Places not above 5 or 6. tin the Eaft-fide it’s bounded with Eajl-Lothian, or the Sheriffdom of Hadding¬ ton, 13 Miles together; on the South-Eaft Side with the Baillery of Lauderdale, for about 4; on the South with the.Sheriffdoms of Twecddale and Selkirk, for about 13 Miles; on the South- Weft wiih the Sheriffdom of Lanerick, for 6 or 7 Miles; and on the Weft, for two Miles, by the faid Sheriffdom ; on the North-Weft with Wejl-Lotbian, or the Sheriffdom of Linlitb- £rao, for 14 Miles; and on the North with the Frith Or Forth , for the Space of 8 Miles. This Traft of Land-is abundantly, furniihed with all Neceffaries, producing a great deal of Corn of all Sorts, and affording good Pafture for Cattle;, It. has, much Coal and Lime-ftone, as alfo a fort of foft black Marble;, and fome few Miles from Edinburgh,- near the Water of Leith,-Acey have a Copper-Mine. The Sheriffdom is ; in the King’s (Aft :, And as this Country has at prefent feveral cqnfiderablp^m^ "whereof 3 €6e patent State Part ir. whereof Hawthornden is famous for its Caves hewn out of the Rock, and Rofin for the great (lately Chapel, fo it produces fome Remains of Antiquity; for near the Town of Grawmond, where Salmon and feveral other Fifh are taken, many Stones have been dug up with Roman Infcriptions: Alfo in the Ground? of Inglij'town, belonging to Hugh Wallace ,■ were found two Stones, Parts of a Pillar, upon one of which is a Lawrel-Crown, upon the other, the longeft of the two, there is on each Side the Roman Securis. The Name of the Emperor is broken off; but by the Progrefs of the Roman Arms, defcribed by Tacitus, it cannot have been fet up before the Time of 'Julius Agriala, who conquered this Country for Domitian. Thefe Stones are to be feen in Sir Robert Sibbald’s Garden at Edinburgh. Seats in Hoty-rood-Houfi, the King’s; Dal¬ keith, Dutchefs of Buccleugb's ; Newbottle, Marquifs of Lotli- an' s ; Dalhufy, Earl of Dalhufy s ; Rcfcheny, Earl of Raft- terry's; Borthwiek, once Lord Barthvdctil, now Sir Jama Dalrymple's ; Rofiline, Sinclair's, defcended from Sinclair, Earl of Orkney; Cranjloun, once Lord Cranjloun's, now John Dalrymple's; Cranjloun Mac-Gill, Vifcount Oxen fori s ; Prt. fioun-Hall, Mr. Roderick Mackenzie's; Smetiim, Sir James Ri- ehardfon's; Royjioun, Earl of Cromarty's ; Barntoun, Earl of Ruthgleas's ; Haltoitn, Earl of Lauderdale's ; Colder, Lord forpichen's ; Arnijioun, Mr. Robert Duttdafs's, late a Lord of the Seflion; Pinkie, Marquifs of Tweeddale's ; Collington, Sir James Fowlis's; Bemingeon, Sir Robert Chiefly's; Melvil-Cafile, Lord Rofs's; Inch, Sir Alexander Gillmore’s; Priejlfeld, Sir James Dick's } Dredon, George Lockhart's of Carmuath ; Cat¬ tery, Sir Robert Dickfon's ; Sanghton-Hall, Sir James Bairds ; Cogar, Sir Andrew Morton's, Bart. Bnughton-Houfe, lately Lord Ballenden's, now Sis David Dalrymple's, Bart. Stone-Hill, Sir William Sharp's s Goodtrees, Sir James Stewart's ; Gilmcrten, Sir William Barr's ; Dean, Sir Patrick Hijbel's ; Sanchtouchtl, Sir James Bairis ; Grantor, Sir William Paterfm's, Bart. Cramond, Lord Charles Kerr's ; another Cramond, Sir John Inglis's, Bart. Cambo, Mr, Meinzie's ; CUfton-Hall, Sir George .Wifeheart's, Bart, 13. Shire of (Elgin, Takes its Name from Elgin, a Royal Burgh, where are the Ruins of an ancient Caftlc, and one of the moll ilately Churches' in Scotland: It comprehends Part of Murray. The Shire of Elgin is bounded upon the North by the Frith, and the River Nefs, which feparates it from Invernefjhire: To the Ealt it’s fe- parated from Bamffjhire by the River Spey: To the South it hath Badenoch, and to the Weft, Part of Loquhaber. The whole Country of Murray, of which this Shire is a Part, is above 30 Miles long, and 20 broad. The Air is very whole- fbrae, and the Winter mild; The Low Country has. very much Book I. of Great-B R i tAin.' Jtnj Corn, which is food ripe j but the High Country is fitter fot Failure. Here are many great Woods of Fir, and other Tree?, io Miles long, with fome large Woods of Oak. Elgin gives the Honour Of Earl to James Bruce, Earl of AHJhury. Kinrofs is very near Elgin, and gives the Title of Baron to the Earls of that Name: Sir James Dunbar of Wejljield, is Heritable She¬ riff of Elgin. Seats in ( 5 rlginfi)iff*l Tomway, a fiately old Callle, former¬ ly the Seat of Ranulpb Earl of Murray, and now belonging to the Earl of the fame Name; Brody, Brody's; Forres-Cajlle, Dunbars of Wefif.eld, who is Hereditary Conllable of it; Mrnrtmn, Sir James Calder's ; Gerdonfown, Sir ■■■ ■< Gordons ; Elgin-Houfe, Lord Dane’s; Inncs, Sir Henry Lines's ; Mbis, Earl of Rothes's. - ’ - 13. Shire of jfife, An excellent Country, wedged in by the Forth and the Tay, (hoots out far to the Eaft. It abounds with Com and Pafture ; in fome Places with Lead Oar and Coal; the Seas yield great • Quantities of Fifh, as well Shell-Filh as others.. Near the Forth is the Town of Culrofs, near that is Kincardine; in the fame Comity is Dumferling, once a famous Monallery, built by Xing Malcolm III. who was there interred. Upon the fame Shore (lands Dyfcrt. Here alio is St. Andrew's, once the See of the Primate and Metropolitan of all Scotland ; and here is CtFwpcr, a Royal Burgh, where the Sheriff fitteth to adminiller Juftice; upon which Account this Shire is called fometimes the Shire of Cowper. The Hereditary Sheriffdom of this Shire is in theHoufe of Rothes, the Heirs-Male of which Family failing in the Perfon of John Lejhy, the late Duke of Rothes, his el¬ ded Daughter Margaret, Countefs of Rothes, being married to Charles Hamilton, Earl of Haddington, had John Lord Lejley, Earl of Rothes, who fucceeded his Mother to the Earldom of Rothes, and the Privileges thereunto belonging. Seats in Jfifefljfrg.] Weems, Earl oh Weems's ; Lejley, Earl of Rothes's ; 'Mel-vin, Earl of Melvin's ; Balgony, Earl of Levin's ; Denihirjle, Earl of Murray's ; Raeth, Lord Raeth's, i. e. Earl oi Melvin's Son ; Balcarras, Earl of Balcarras's; Kelley, Earl of Kelley's ; Anjlruther, Sir John Anflruthcr's of that Ilk; Pit- fttrrel. Sir Peter Hacked s, Bart. Balcajky, Sir Robert Anjlfu- tier's; Cambo, Sir Alexander Are fin's, Lyon King at Arms; hertail and Lochor, Sir John Malcohn's; Struthers, Earl of Crawford's; Craig-Hall, Sir Thomas Hope's, Bart. Balcolmie,' Sir William Hope's, Bart. Falkland, an ancient Seat of the Earl, of Fife, now a Stewarry belonging to the Crown, of which the Duke of Athol is Heritable Keeper; Leuchers, Earl of Soutbefa's. 15. Shireef ^0?far, oraingUtf* This Sheriffdom comprehends Angus, bounded on the South with the Ocean, and on the Frith of Tay. Upon the Well and North; 302 : € 8 e|^efent &tate Pauir, North-Weftj^tlVdiViddd from Perthpire'by^ a Line'27.Miles long'} towhrds^theNorth, the Ridgi c t>fBeuebinnen Mountain! parts it frorii the Brae of Marre ; and to the Eaft it is feparated iron*the ; M^»fj by : the River Tarf, and a'Line drawn from it to the River' North-EJke, ■ which to its Mouth continues to divide this' Shire ffdnr the Mernes. ’Tis in.Length about 28 Miles, and 'in Breadth about 20. Here are feveral Quarries of Free- fto«e,i'and much Slate, with both which they drive a good Trade. Near the Caftle of Inner- Markie are Lead Mines, and they find great Plenty of Iroii-Ore near the Wood of Dalh'gnt. The ; higher Ground, called the Brae, abounds with Red Deer, Fallow- Deer, Roebucks and Fowls j and their Salmon Trade lums.'to a good Account: , Near the Taj’s Mouth is Dundee, a Town Well frequented, driving a good Foreign Trade, well built; and having an Hofpital for the Poor. The Conftable of this Town, by a peculiar Privilege, was formerly Standard- bearer to the King of Scotland. Brechin is a confiderable Mar¬ ket-Town for Salmon, Ho'rfes, Oxen and Sheep: It has a Hate- ly Bridge over the River South-EJke, and is famous for a memo¬ rable Slaughter of the Danes not far from it. In this Country it was that the General of the Danes was killed by the Valiant Keith, who thereupon was advanced to great Honours by King Malcolm II. who was in Perfon at that Battle. Upon the Ge¬ neral’s Grave there was a high Stone eredled, Hill called Camus's Crop ; and about 10 Miles diftant from this, is a Crofs eredled over the Sepulchre of fome of the Danes that were killed there; Both of thefe have fome Antique Pidtures and Letters, upon them. Aberbrothock, corruptly Arlroth, is a Royal Burgh, hath an Harbour for Ships, and an Abby endowed formerly with am¬ ple Revenues, confecrated to the Honour of Thomas of Bechet, by King William I. of Scotland, the Founder, who lies buried there under a ftately Monument. The Sheriffdom is in the King’s Difpofal. Seats in jjfojfarfljire.] Hetherwick, John Scot's, Efq; Her- naupeld, Robert Taylor's, Efq; Fullerton, John Fullerton of Kin- aber, Efq; Pitarrow, Sir David Carmgy's ; Achter-Hcufe, Pa¬ trick Lyons, Efq; Lethem, Sir James Wood 's of Boditoun i Mon- trap, Earl of Middleton's and Rojpe, Scot's of Rojpe; Glomis, Earl of Strathmore' s; Panmure and Brochin, Earl of Panmure' s; Kinaird, Earl of South-Ep's ; Ethic, Earl of Nortb-Eft'M Co- riflon, Stuart's of G.uerntully ; h-verchartie, John Ogilvj, Efq; Blaclnep, Sir Alexander Waderbourn, Bart. 16. Shire of IjjaDflington, or Cotiffublei'i’, Contains Eaf-Lothian,, which, like the reft of Lothian, is a very fine Country. The chief Towns are Dunbar, once a Place of great'Strength; ' remarkable of late for the Vidtory ob¬ tained by Cromwell againft King Charles II. and the Scots who allifted . him, September 3, 1650. Haddington ,' a Royal Burgh. Book I. Of Greater i tain. 303 which gives the Name to this Shire. The Sheriffdom of this Shire is at the King’s Difpofal, and is now poffefled by the Mar- • quits of'Twecddale. Seats in Ba 05 ingt 0 n[J)itf.] Tantallan and North-Berviick, Sir Hugh Dalrymple' s, Bart. Lord Prefident of the Seflion ; Dire- him, William Nejbet's-, Yejler, Marqnifs of Tnveeddale's ; Setoutt and Wintoim, Ear! of Wintoun'si K// 7 V formerly Earl Man- fcbal'i, now Mr. Hepbourtis-, Salton,,i. e. Soutizton, formerly the Seat of the Lord Sowiliz, afterwards of Abernetby, Lord of Saltern, and now Mr. Fletcher's, ; Byars, Earl of Hopton's -,Foux- tain-Eall, Sir John Lauder's, Bart. Pencaitland , 'James Hamil¬ ton's-, Gilmerton, Sir Francis Kinolch's, Bart. Prefton-Grange, William Morrijon's; Lochend, George Warrender's ; Elphinjtoun . late Lord Elphinjtoun's, now Lord Primrofe's; Laddingtox, Lord Blaintire's; Dunglafs, ■ Sir James Hall's-, Orminfion, Adam Cockhurn's, late Lord Juftice Clerk-, Stevenfon, Sir Robert Sin¬ clairs of Stpvinjlon ; Tinningham, Earl of Haddington's ; Brox- muth, Duke of Roxburgh's-,-Nenvbaith, Sir William Baird's; Wbittingbam, Vifcount King flans; Bancrifi^ Lord Bibanks ; Beil, Lord Belli awn's ; Gosford, Sir Peter-Hatket Wederbourn's, 'Bart. Belganun, Sir George Swittie's. 17. shire of flntjernefe, Comprehends a Part of Murray, Loquhaber, Badinocb, and fome other little Countries; ’tis bounded on the South by the Brae of Marre and Athol -, on the Weil by the Wellera Sea; oh the North by Rofs, and on theEafl by Murray-Frith. The Length of Loquhaber from Inverlocbie to Imernejs, in a flreight Line, is 50 Miles. It has Plenty of Iron Ore, great Woods Of Fir, with fome large ones of Oak. In-vernefs is the Head Town, where the Sheriff keeps his Court j it is commodioufly feated upon Loughncfs, which renders it convenient, for Trade. The Lough is 24 Miles long; the Water thereof is almofc always warm, and all the Year long is never fo cold as to freeze ; nay, in the fharpeft Winter, if Cakes of Ice are thrown into it, they will be quickly thawed by the Warmth of its Waters. Bade- mh, which is Part of this Shire, abounds with Deer, and many other Conveniencies; and Loquhaber is a very pleafant Country, and for Multitude of Fiih, both fait and frelh, fcarc'e any Country in Scotland can compare with it. Badenoch, Loquhaber, and Marre, take up all the Breadth of Sceiland between the Deucalidonian Sea and the German Ocean. The Sheriffiliip,is at the King’s Difpofal. ' Seats of ^U^EEUefiSfljire.] Ruthven, Duke of Gordon's; Caltle of Lvvernefe, the King’s.; and the Duke of Gordon Heri¬ table Keeper; Lof Sterlingjhirtv and to the Wejl with Part of Clydefdale. It is in Length u Miles, and in Breadth about Nine. It affords.great Plenty of Coal, Lime-bone,, and white Salt; and in the. Reign of Ring James VI. a Silver Mine was found there, out of which® great Quantity of Silver was extracted. The Town of Linlid- BookI. of Great-Britain. 307 mw is a Royal Burgh well built, and accommodated with Foun¬ tains that fiipply the Inhabitants with Water, and with a ftately totvh-Hotife'foj- the Meeting of: the Gentry and Citizens: But jtsgreateft Ornament is the King's Houfe, which hands upon a rifmg Ground, that funs almoft into the Middle of the Lougbj and looks like an Amphitheatre, with fomething like Terrace- Walks, and a Defccnt from them; but upon the Top, where the Caftle hands, it is a Plain. The Court has Apartments like Towers upon the four Corners, and in the midllof it isahately Fountain, adorned with feveral curious Statues, the Water whereof rifcs to a good Height. The Levijlones, Earls of this Place, are Hereditary Keepers of the Cable, Hereditary Bailiffs of the King’s Bailiffry, and Hereditary Conhables of the King’s Cable of blacknefi. Near the Palace, upon a Level with it* Hands the Church, a curious Building of fine Stone. Torpichen, which lies South' of Linlithgow, was once thcRefidence of the Knights of Malta, but now gives the Title of Lord to the Chief cf the Name of Sandiiands. Near the Kipps, South ftom Linlithgow, there is an ancient Altar of great unpolilhed Stone; (commonly called Arthur's Oven, and thought b^ the Lcjraed to be the TempIe of Terminus, built by the Romans) leaning on one another in fuch a Manner, that they mutually fapport, and are fupported by each other. Near this Altar are feveral great Stones, fet in a Circle; and upon two adjacent Hills are Remains of old Camps, with great Heaps of Stones and ancient Graves. Hereabouts is alfo Levingjlon, the ancient -Seat of the Lord Levingfion, and now of Sir James Cunning- horn, Bart. Some Miles alfo to the Weft of Queen's-Ferry, cn the Sea-Coaft, is Ahereorn- Caftle, near which Place, as Bede tells us, the Roman Wall began: One may trace it along toward CariJJtn, where a figured Stone is to be feen, and fome ancient Medals were found. ' About a Mile South of Cariiden ,. there is i'Village which hill keeps the Remains of the Old Wall, and is called from it Wall-Town. From the Name of the artificial Mount call up there, one would believe if to be the very Place which Bede calls Penwall-Town. The Track of the Wall ap¬ pears in feveral Places between this and Kenncil,- and from thence to Falhirh; but of this Wall more hereafter. Charles Hdc, Earl of Hsptoun, is Hereditary Sheriff of- this Shire ; which Right he enjoys, as Proprietor of the Barony of Ahereorn. Scats in l.inltt£!pteu}irE.] R/artef/j-Caftie, the King’s; the Earl of Buchan prefent Governor; Palace of Linlithgow, the King's, and the late Earl cf Linlithgow Heritable Keeper; Kirnel, Duke of Hamilton's ; Ahcrcorm, now Hcptoun-Heufe, Htiihtpc, and Nidary, Earl of Hcftoim' s; Craigihall, Mar- tpils of Annandale's ; Caridden, Earl of Dalhoufte's ; Caftle of fcfyehcufe, Earl of Linlithgow's ; Kiikhill, Earl of Buchan's; "jidewn, Earl of Stairs's ; Dundafs, Dunda/s's of that Hk ; hr,m, Sir Thomas Dahid's, Bart. LinjingJion, Sir James C.un- jo8 ' $?efciit ©tate Pawn, ■ninpbam's. Eart. Dalrnem and Barnbougle, Earl of Rifeblrrbi 6 22. Shire of iliairn, :.'-v ’ ; gq called' from Nairn, a Royal-Burgh,' fituate' upon’ the Coal! of. Murray Frith, where the Water of Nairn runneth into the- Sea, ft tprapfehends the Weft Part of Ma/rayf where the Ait is very wholefome, and the Winter mild. The lower Part of the Country bears much Com, which is foon ripe, : but the high Country is'fitter for Failure.. There are many great. Woods of Fir, and Other Trees in this Country. Sir Hugh Camgbd of {ladiil is Hereditary Sheriff. .Seats in jUaimfljirE.] Kirlra-vock and Gedda, Ro/ds, Efq; Calder, Ariherfecr, and Moynejs, Sir Hugh CampbePs of Callerj Claaia, Rofs's, Efq;- Penick, or Green!:all, Bredis of that 111 ;; Beth, Hunibars, Efq;. Lochloy, Hay's, Efq; Kinjlain, Sulks- fand s, Efq; Budzct, Mr. IVilIiom Dallas, Writer to the Signet. 23. Shiieof^cebies, or2PS»fe&ale. To which the Royal Burgh Peebles gives the Name. Tt is fOatedin.a pieafant Plain on the Side of the Tweed? over which is buiit a. flately Bridge of five Arches, and lias a fine Church; This Shire is o.thervvile called Tweeddak, from the.River Tvicaii;. which rifir.g at a Place called Tweed's Croft, runs Eaft-the whole Length of the Shire, and for the melt Part with a rapid Stream, It Abounded' on the Etifi with .Etrick Forefl,- on the ScarAwith Part of the Foreit of St.-Motf Rough and Annaud'aU, on the If if with the Overward of Clydcfdale,. and on the North with'Frit of Ctildermt»>, the Head of Norih-Ejk and Mid-Lothian. In Length it is 26 Miles, and where it’s broadefl does not.exceed 16fin' which. Compafs are 17 Pariihes that make up a' Prelbytery, call¬ ed the Prelbytery of Pallet ': The Country is generally iwellcd with Hills, many of which are green and graffy, with plcafaM 'and fertile Vallics between, well watered and adorned with Gentlemens Hoafes. Their Grain is generally Oats and Briley; and as for Planting, they make but little Ufe of it, cxceptaboit the Iloufcs of tits Gentry. There are in it fome Remains of Antiquity; the Place called Randall's Trenches, • feems to have been a Roman Camp ; and a Caufeway leads from it half a Mile together, to the Town of The Earl of March', Brothel to the'late Duke of ^utettjlmy, 'is Hereditary Sheriff. ' ■ Seats in 3 f 5 ri ; b!cH)ll'l\] Nidpalh, Ear! of March's-, Tracer, Earl of Trdquci, h ; Hawick, Cardan, saAPvJfo, Sir Jamil Rtf- mith's of Dawitk, Bart. Blackbarror.y, now HarnhaH, Sir r.li *• tender Murray's, bait- Eurghtoun-Hiufc, Sir David Murray’;! Bait. " 2.'. Shire of So'called from Pt'r.< , who is ufually called Shei iff of Ti-viotdale, fs Hereditary She riff. In this Shire are three Pr'Jlytena, Jedburgh, Kclfo, ar.d Md 'rajs. After ThiotdalMc&hwsLiddifdale, where is ahigh Profpec $n micient Hermitage, now a very Prong Caflle belonging 6 the Hffburus. Fjld.Je and Eujdale, which are alfo reckoned Pat of Roxkxrg'lhirc, have little in them worthy of Obfervation. Seats in 'Hcxfclimljflurc.l The Flores and' Friars and Eel) daso, the Duke of R.xlurgb'l-, Branxdin, Duke of BkccIiutRs C t u ’ l Book I; Of G^ E A T-B R IiT AI N. 313 Grating, Lord Cranjlouii s; Ftrniberjf, i Lord Jedburgh’ s; Lin- tiumlie, Duke of Dcuglafs's; Cavers, Dcuglafs's, Efqjwho is Heritable Sheriff of the Shire. Siitehel, Six John Pringle, Bart. Mnrlefiild, Sir William Bennet' s of Grulhet, Bart. Riddel, Sir Wolttr Pw/dW’sof that Ilk, Bait. Ancram, Sir John Sait's, Bart. Stcb, Sir Gilbert Eliot's of Stabs, Bart.‘M'«/o, Sir Gilbert Eliot’s, jart. a Lord of the'Seffons; Newton, Sir James Don's, Bart. longNtwtotr, Sir Patrick Scot's, Bart. Rutherford, Sit Altxati- itr Don's, Bart. Gala, Sir James Scot's,. Bart. . 18. Shire of ^Elftirk, Is otherwife called the Sheriffdom of the Foreft oFEutrid, be- eSafe it was formerly almoft wholly covered with Woods, which were once well Hocked with Red and Fallow Deer, but now are in a great meafure deftroyed. It'is properly Part of Temetdale ; on the North it is partly bounded by Tweeddale, and partly by the Regality of Stow in Midlothian ; on the Eaft and South by the reft of the Tewotda/e, and partly by Annandale, The Fi¬ gure of this Shire is very near a Square, whofe Side is about 16 Miles long. The Inhabitants have generally firong Bodies, are fober, frugal in their Diet, and maintain themfelves by railing and feeding of Cattle, in which they have a good Trade with England for their Wool, Sheep and Cows: Murray of Philips Irngh, Efq; is Hereditary'Sheriff. Seats in ^Elltivkfi)irE.] Bangingfiaw, Murray's of Philip- brngh, Efq; Headjhaw, Sir Gilbert Elliot's of Minto, a Lord of the SeffiOns; Newark, the Duke of Buccleugh's, 29. Shire of Stirling, or j&tribelitig, Otherwife called Stirlingjhirc, is encompaffed to the W e ft with Dmlartonjbire, to the hall with Linlithgowjhire, to the South with Clidijdale, and the North with the Forth, and the River of Forth: Where it is longed; it is about 20 Miles, and where broadeH, 12 Miles over. The South Part is high, hilly, fome- what moorilh, and fit for Paflure; but that Part which lies upon the Forth is very fertile, and abounds with Coal. Stirling is a Royal Burgh, where the Courts are kept.' At the Head of the Town Hands a well fortified Cattle belonging to the Crown, of which the late Earl of Marre was Heritable Governor. Not far from the Church are the Houfes of the Duke of Argyle, arid the lateEarl of Marre, which .are large and noble Buildings. Kilfytb is a Burgh of Barony. Falkirk, famous for a Battle between the Ingtijb and Sects in the Year 1298, is another Burgh of Barony, well built, upon a rifing Ground, much beautified with Buildings by the firft Earl of .Calendar, Brother to the Earl of Linlithgow, whofe Name is Leraingfoitc. Elphinjlone, anciently called Earth- berg ; but fince Elphitijlonwcii. Eajl-Lothian paffed from thisFa. niily, ithasbeen.calied by the Name of Elphinjlone, and been the Refidence o’f.the Lord of that.Name, adorned with a large Wood of Firs; (Ac. with feveral, .other Seats. Near Stirling f#ds the Abby pf Camlnijkeneth, ' \vhich belonged formerly to the Augufine 3*4 /€Ije0iefent @tatc Pa« i| Augujline Monks, and was founded by King David I. i Emmstl was a Nunnery of the CIJicrcian Order, founded' by MalcclmV! and l&nds upon Evan Water. The Heir of'Levingfione, now Ea t i of Linlithgow and Calendar, is Hereditary Sheriff of this Shire. . Other.Seats in Sjfirllllfrfljire.] Stirling-Caftle, the King’s, whereof John Earl of Rothes is Governor; Calender, late Ear'l of Linlithgow's ; Elpbinficmt, Lord Elphin/hmis; Mugdcckwi Buchannen, Quite of Mor.trofs's Gurgen nock, Sir James Carp, bell’s of Arhtnlafs, Bart. Glero, Sir Mungo Sterling's, Bart, Bannockburn, Sir Hugh Paterfin's, Bart. Karfe, Sir Alexander Hope's, 3'art. Steams, Sir William Bruce's, Bart. Toiwoodhead and Lethem, Lord Fcrrejhr ’Si Abbacy of Gambuficnr.cth, Sir John Arejhn of Alba ; Woadfide, Sir Harry Rolld s; Gilliam and Kil/ytb, the late Vifcount of Kilfyth' s. 30. The Shire of j»UfljtTiailD, which takes in ^iMtljliatan alfo, ■ Is one of the mod Northerly Shires of Scotland, much,£tter for Pailure than Corn: It abounds with Hills of White Marble, ibutitisof little Ute to the Inhabitants, and Ids to others, for •want of Convenience of Exportation. The Gordons, Earls of Sutherland, got this .Country eredled into a Sheriffdom in 1633, to be Heritable to their own Family, who have likewife Juflici- ary and Admiralty jurifdidtion. Ivloft of the Heritors of this •Shire hold of the Earls. The Earls, for fome Time pall, have re-affumed their ancient Name of SutberlaiA. This Shire is 5; Miles long from Eaft to Well, and 22 Miles .broad from North to South. Dunrobin is the chief Seat Of the Earl of Sutherland, and Dornock in this Country is a Royal Eurglt, fometime the See .of the Bifliop of Caithnefs. Seats in gjutljfrlanDtirir?.] Cailleof Dunrobin and Hermif- .daie, Earl of Sutherland's; Uppart, Sir William Gordon's of Dalfolly, Bart. Clpte, Sutherland's, Efqj Sielbo, the late.Lord Duffas'sr, Si.ibo, Gray's, El’q; Ptilcrajjle, Murray's, Efo; Eah, S\vyobn Gordin's of Embo, Bart; Eviliock,. Sutherland's, % Dtirnefs and -Tear/jV, the Lord Rat's. 31. Shi.e of SiatOUll, ' So called from Wigtain, .the chief Burgh in the Country, where the.Courts for rhe Adminiftration of julliccare held* and which gives Title to the Flemmings, Earls of Wigtoun ; compre¬ hends the Welt Part of GaU.oviay. Galloway is a hilly Country, titter for breeding Cattle than bearing Corn. The Inhabitants follow Fi!hing, as well in the Sea, as in the Rivers and Loughs, that lie every where under the Hills; in which, abou tSeptemkr, they catch an incredible Number of excellent Eels,'by which they are no left Gainers than by their little 1-Jorfes, which for the Compaflnefs of their Bodies, and Hardinefs in enduring La¬ bour, arc frequently bought up in England. Galloway had an¬ ciently its own Princes and Lords, but now is an Earldom in the BookI. Bf Great-Britain. 315 c -i v of Aie Stuarts. Sir — Agnew, of Locbstaw, is Here- S Sheriff of the. Shire of Wigtoun. , Seats in ©istounfljire.] Caf e Kennedy and Corfcreugh Earl of Stain's ; Martin and Monteith, Sir Alexander Maxwelhoi Mmteitb, Bart. Glaffartoun and Clay, the Earl of Galloway’ s; Gothland, Mac Dougals, Efq; Mocrum, Sir James Dumbar's, Bart. Sorbic, Col. Stuart's; Park, Sir Charles Hays, Bart. . Befides thefe 31 Sheriffdoms, which fent Members to Parlia¬ ment under that Denomination, there are two Stuartries that dif¬ fer from the Shires only by the Tide of the chief Officer, who in the one is called Sheriff, in the other Stuart: Thefe are Kir- -*** 0 **- ,»» W8l)t . - . This Stuartry takes its Name from Kircudbright, a Port-Town and good Harbour in Galloway, fituate upon the River Dee; a Town which lies as conveniendy for Trade as any one upon that Coaffi The Earls of Nithifdale are Heritable Sheriffs of this , Seats in &ircU 3 bZtgllt.] Callle of Charlies, Eari of Gallo¬ n's; Caitle of farreagles, Earl of Nitbi/dale'ss Callle - of Kenmnre, Vifcount of Kenmure's; Orchardtoun, Sir George Max- well's, Bart. 2. ©jhnep, jContains the Ifles of Orkney and Schctland. Thefe. Hlands were long fubjeft to the Kings of Norway. The laft Seffion of the Scotijh Parliament reftored the prefent Earl of Morton to the Crown Rents, formerly enjoyed by his Anceltors, but ftill re¬ deemable by the Crown for the Sum of ; and ;during his Poffeflion, he is obliged to'pay yearly to his Majeily’s-Trea¬ sury 500 /. Sterling. The Earl of Moreton names the Stuart of Orkney and Schctland-, the King has only the Bifhop’s Rents in thofe Ifles. 1 1 - ' Seats in fiDjfcnep andgicljetlant).] The Callle of Kirkwal, Palace of Brifay, and the Callle of Nautland, the Earl of More- ton's; Burray and Cura, Sir James Stewart 'sof Burray, Bart. Eglejhaw, Sir Alex. Dottglafs’s; Gairfey, Sir William Craigie's. Thefe Shires and Stuartries which are here ranged, were call¬ ed over in the Rolls of Parliament before the Union> in the fol¬ lowing Orders: Members. 1 T? Dinburgh 2 H* Haddington 3 Berwick 4 Roxburgh 5 Selkirk 6 Peebles 7 Laneik 4 8 Dumfreis 4 9 Wigtown 4 11 Dumbarton 2 12 Bufe 2 13 Renfrew 4 14 Sniveling Members. 3 3 JS 3*6 ^&e0iefeltt State »7. Kincardine 18 Aberdeen >9 Invcmefc 20 Naim zi Cromeitie 24. Forfar 25 Bamff 'zS Kircudbright ■Members. 27 Sutherland- 28 Caithneis, 29 Agin 30 Orkney 31 Clackmannan. 32 Rofs 33 Kinro& Partfl, Me.brbip, The Royal Burghs which fent Commiilioners to Parliament, werethefe: Members. E Dinburgb Perth Dundee Linlithgow St. Andrews Glafgow Aire Haddington Dvfert Kirkaldie Cowper Anftruther EaGsr Dumfries Inverneis Borat-Mand Kinghern Breichen Irwin Jedburgh dbright Dumferling ' Rttenweem Selkirk Dumbarton Renfrew Dumbar Lanerk Aberbrothock Bamff Withem Forfar Rothefay Naim Forrefs Rutheiglin North Berwick Anllruther Weller • Cullen Lawder Kin tore ■ Annan Lochmaban Sanquhar New Gdloway Kilrenny Fortrofe Dingwall Dornock Queensferry Inverrary Inverurie Week Kirkwall . Inverberry Stranraver Campbeltown Peebles Book !, of Great-Britain. jijr By the Articles of the Union this Number was retrenched, and now the Shires and Stuartries return 30 Members, e..every Shire or Stuartiy one Member a-piece, except Bute and Caith- ]ufi, which return one, and Bute is to choofe firft; Naim and Crmirty one, Nairn having the firft Turn; Clackmannan and K'mtfs one, Clackmannan choofing firft. The Burghs alfo which fend (6 Members to the Britijh Parli¬ ament, are now divided into the following Clafles: Edinburgh, one; Kirkwall, Week, Dorstock, Dingwall and Tayne, one: Fortnfe, Jmsernefs, Nairn and Forrefs, one; Elgin, Cullen, Bamff, Inverury, and Kintore, one; Aberdeen, In/verberry, Mcntm/e, Aberbrothick, and Breichen, one; Forfar, Perth, Dun¬ dee, Cctipar, and St. Andrews, one; Crail, Kclrenny, Anjlru - iberEafier, Anfiruther Wejler, and Piitenweem, one; Dyfert, Kirkaldy, Kinghom, and Burnt-ljland, one; Inntrkething, Dum- ferling, fueenferry, Culrofs, and Stirling, one; Glajgow, Renfrew, Rutherglen, and Dumbarton, one ; Haddington, Dun- leirr. North Berwick, Lauder, and Jedburgh, one; Selkirk, Peebles, Linlithgow, and Lanerk, one; Dtorfreis, Sanquhar, Arnrn, Lochmaban, and Kircudbright, one; Wigioun , New Galloway, Stranraytr, and Wbitebern, one; Aire, Irwhi, Pvjibefay, Catnpletoun, and Itinerary, one. The Ellefiern Hies of grcoflans, Thefe Blands (called by the Ancients Hebrides, or AElud,e) which are very many, and feveral very large and well inhabited, have been known to the World little more than by Name, ’.till very lately. Mr. Martin obferves, that before him they never had been defcribed by any Man that was a Native of the Coun¬ try, or had been in all of them: But his Care and Pains has removed that Defeft, and we now, by his Means, know as much of them as of any other Part of .his Majefty’s Dominions,. From him therefore I ihall borrow what I have to fay of' them, and (hall keep to his Method in the naming of them, beginning firft with thofe that lie moft Northerly, and fo coming .down to the South. ' I. Lewis, by the Iflanders called The Long IJland, is t oo Mile* long from N. to S. and from 3 to 14 broad from E. to"W. It belongs to the Shire of Rofs, and was once in the Diocefe of the If a. It does not all go by one Name. The Northern Part, which keeps the Name of Lewis, is but 36 Miles long, and io, in fome Places 12, Miles broad; it reaches from the North of Bowlinghcad to the South of Hafftnefs ; the Soil generally fandy, and fruitful in Barley, Oats and Rye; it bears alfo Flax and Hemp: With their Oats diftilled the Natives make Ufpsc- bough, which by frequent Diftillations becomes excefiively ftrong. There are many convenient Harbours in the Bland,'which abound with Cod, Ling, Herring, and a great Variety of Oi- fiers, Cockles, Mufcles, Limpets, and other forts of Shell-Fifh. Whales they have in great Numbers, and of feveral ' Sorts; the 318 €|je Piefott ©ffttr ^art ir, lefier theyeat, and find them toleiabfy wholefoiBeJ 'They have Cows, Horfes, : Sheep, Goats, and Hogs; their'Beef' is but very tender. Deer are plentiful in the Chafe of Ofinidul, which' is i 5 Miles round. The frelh Water Lakes With which the diland abounds, affords Trouts, Eels, and Salmons ; every Lake has a River of its own which runs from thence into the Sea, which in Summer-time are ilored with Salmon. The Southern Part is named Harries, which for Soil and Commodities is much the fame with Lewis. The Shore on the Wejl-ftde of the Maud is flored with great Variety of curious Shells finely ilreaked with beautiful Colours. The Ground in Bernera, a fmall bland be¬ longing to Harries, is fo kindly, that when manured with Sea¬ weed, which is the great Manure of thofe Iflands, Barley will yield 20, fometimesjo Fold Increafe. Lewis belongs to the Earl of Seaforth, and Harries to the Laird of Maccleod. There are great Numbers of fmall Iflands which depend upon Lewis and Harries, which adjoin to them feverally. , II. North-Viji, about 9 Miles long from North to South, and 30 Miles in Circumference. The Wejl-fuie k arrable, and ex¬ ceedingly fruitful, efpecially in Barley: It produces alfo Plenty of black-Cattle and Sheep. It has an excellent Harbour called Lochmaddy, in which incredible Quantities of Herrings have been taken within the laft ;o Years. Four hundred Sail of Ships have been loaded with Herrings in one Seafon. In King Charles the FirJl’s Time, a Magazine for Fiihingwas here begun anderefled, but the Civil Wars put an End to that Defign. Other'Filh and Fowl are here much the fame with thofe of the other North- Wefiem Iflands, It has feveral fmall Iflands that belong io it. The Proprietor is Sir Daniel Mac Donald of Slate. The Inha¬ bitants of Lewis, Harries, and Nonh-Vifia are all Proteftants. III. Bcrera, a fmall bland very near North-Vijia, ispoffelTed by Mr; John Mac Lean. IV. Benhecula, 2 Miles South of North-Viji, is nearly round 3 Miles in Diameter, and about 10 in Circumference. Soil and Produce the fame as North-Viji ; Proprietor- Randal Mac Da- maid'. Inhabitants all Papiils. V. South-Vift, z Miles South of Benhecssla ; 21 Miles long, 2nd. 3, in fome Places 4, Miles broad. Soil fruitful, and pro¬ duces Barley, Rye and Oats plentifully. Lakes full of Trouts and Eels. Inhabitants healthy: One Man lately lived 13d -Years, and retained his Underilanding. The lrijh Tongue is here fpoken in great Perfeffion. Alan Mac Donald of Moydart, de¬ scended from Mac Donald, once King of thefe Iflands, is Pro¬ prietor. He, and moil of the Inhabitants are Papiils. VI. Barry, 2 Leagues and an half South-Wcji of Seuth-Vijl, 5 Miles long, 3 broad fin all Reipedis, like die Iflands which lie North of it. This, with feveral fmaller Iflands which lie near it, belong to Mac Neil, who pretends to be the 34th of that '.Name by lineal Defcent. He holds his Lands in Vaflalage of Book! oI.-Great-Britajm. 0319 Sir -.Donald Mac Donald of.^flff, AO,-whom ; he pays4o/.,5f«r.r ptrJm«m, and a Hawk, ifdefired. He and his Tenants m;e all Papifts; they pay great Reverence to St. Ban, who ; is,- as they fuppofe, their Tutelar Saint. All thofe Elands; lie in a, Roy/ Southwards emt of the other, from Lewis down-to Barry. ■ , VII. Between Harries and P.ofs lies Sky, the fecond for. Big- nefs of all the Weftem Iflands. It is 40 Miles long, , and in fome Places 30, in others 20 Miles broad, and near too Miles in Cir¬ cumference. It belongs to the Shire of Invernefs, from which in the South it is not above 3 Leagues diilant, and at the Terry not a Mile broad: It is navigable by the largeft Ships of War; the Current there is fo-violent, that no Veflel is, able to fail a- gainft it, though the Wind-prove never fo fair, fo that the Tide mull always be obferved.. The Way of Ferrying Cows in the narrow Ferry, called the Kyle, where the laid Tide is fo-rapid, is thus: They tie a With about the Cow’s lower Jaw,, and fo- bind ; of them together; after which, a Man in the End of-a Boat holds the With that ties the foremoft, and fo. ro\vs over, carrying in the Space of a few Hours,, at low. Water, 3 or 400 Cows. The Soil is fruitful enough in the flat Grounds, and pro- duces thofe Species of Corn and Cattle plentifully, which are to be found in the other Wejlern Iflands. Herring, Cod,and,Ling, are common upon their Coafts, and. the Herring in great Abun¬ dance ; they have many and convenient Warbours for the taking, of them. The Country is populous, the People haridfome, and very healthy. It is divided into 3 Parts, poflefled by 3 different Proprietors. Sir Donald Mae Donald, Bart, fil'd of his Name, either in the Ifles or Continent, defeended from Summerfed , Thane of Argylc,. whofe San Donald ftiled himfelf Kin? of the ■lf.es, poffefles the. Southern Part, which is called Slate, with-,a S Part of the Northern ; The Strath belongs to Mac Kinnon , of an ancient Tribe.' The North-Weft is poflefled by Mac Lied, Head alfo of another ancient Family, who derives from Ltoi, the Black Prince of Man. Almofi: all the Inliabitants of .%are ProteAants; none-of them poflefs any Land. VIII. and IX. Bute and Arran both belonging to the Shire of Bate, have been mentioned already- X. Iftcfay is a. large Rock, S. W'. of Arran 6 Leagues, be¬ longing to the Earl of Cajfelts, who receives, by the Produce of Hogs, Fowl, Down and Fifli, about ico Marks Scots yearly from this fmail Spot of Ground. XI. Gigay lies Weft of Cantire, 4 Miles long, one broad, be¬ longs to the Shire of Argyle. Soil good for Failure and Arable. Mac Neils are Proprietors; Inhabitants Protellants: Near it is Caray, a little Ifiand about a Mile round, belonging to Mac -lifer of Lergy m Cantire, of the Tribe of Mac Donald. , ; . XIL To the N. W. of Cantire lies Jura, 24 Miles long, and 6 or 7. Miles broad, belonging to the Duke of Argyle, pnd is fart of the Shire of Argyle .. The Ground, is fruitful, .and lies 320 Cffe parent State : P*rtii, high, elpedallytowardstheMiddle, where two very high Mom- tains, called 1be Paps of Jura, are noted Sea-Marks tor a very great Way. This-is efteemed the wholefomeft Spot of Grou’nd belonging to the Ifle of Great-Britain. From March, to Sif. tmber the Air is perfedtly pure. No Epidemical Difeafearc ever knowii here'; Gouts,- Agues, Confumptions, Palfies, Le¬ thargies, Rickets, Coughs, ari very rarely heard of; and Madjejs has never been obferved in this Jfland. When Mr .Martin War there, no Woman had died in Child-bed among them for 35 Years. It is no Wonder then that they live to a very great Age. Gillour Mac Crain (who died about ;8 Years ago) kept 180 Cbrifmaffes in his own Houfe: A Woman in Scoria, a fmail Ifland juft by, lived 140 Years; and to live go or 100 Years, was not rare. The Inhabitants, who fpeak lrijh, and wear die Plaid and Bonnet with the other Iflanders, are Proteftants. . XIII. About a Mile S. W. of Jura lies IJla, or lta, now re¬ markable for givingthe Title of Earl to Lm&Archibald Campiil, Brother to the Duke of Argyll: From 5. to N. it is 24 Miles long, and from E. to W. 18. In the Center of this Ifland is Loch Finlagan, in which lies Finlagan Ifland, formerly theReli- - denee of the Mac Donalds, Kings of the Ifles, the Mns of whofe Houfes are Hill vifible. 1 his Ifland belongs to Gilbert Campbsl of Calder, Efquire,- The Country is indifferently fruit¬ ful; it lies lower than Jura, and confequently wetter and more unwholefome. The Inhabitants are Proteftants. XIV, XV. Two Leagues N. of 11a lies Or on fay, which is feparated from Collonfay only by Tide of Flood. Qronfay is about 4 Miles in Circumference; boil dry and fandy, yet fruitful in Com and Grafs. It has a Church, Chapel and Monafieryt built, as it is faid, by Columba. . Proprietor, Mac Duff. Cil- lonfay is from E. to If. 4 Miles long, and above a Mile overt Soil not fo fruitful as Oronfay; Cattle fmail; Inhabitants Pro¬ teftants. Proprietor, Duke of Argyll. XVI. Weft of Loquhabar lies Mull, 24 Miles long from Eaft to Weft, and about that Breadth from North to South. It belongs to the Shire of Argyle. The Mac Leans- were for¬ merly Proprietors of thegreateft Part of the. Ifland, and upon the Forfeiture of Sir John Mac Lean, the Duke of Argyll -got it for a Debt owing him by that Family. The Soil) is generally fruitful, fit for Pafture and Corn. Inhabitants,?«• teftants. ' . _ ■■, XVII. Jona, an. Ifle renowned for being the Habitation of St. Columba, that great Apoftle of the Northern Pills, is a fmail Ifland about 2 Miles long, and one Mile over, lyiilg to ' the Weft of Mull. The lrijh call it J. Columbia, i. e. the Bland of Columba the Monk. Here is St. Mary's Church, formerly the Cathedral of the Bifhop of the Iftes, a very beautiful, though not a very large Building. St. Columbia planted here 9 Monattety and a Nunnery, which continued ’till the Re¬ formation, Book I. of'G r i at-Bri t ai ; n . 321 function. This Ifland was a'nciendy'-tfie'Biiryiflgipfacff^df the Kings of Scotland, Norway and Ireland, .ahd of all'the Heads of Tribes in the Ifles and Continent. __ ;;'' ; -; XVIII. Eight Leagues to the U'ejl of Jona, lies Tyre-tf, aft Bland about 5 Miles long from S. E. to N. W. Tl|[e S6il'is;ex- ttaordinary fruitful, but lying lew, the People' are ! not very healthy. Inhabitants Protellants; and, as Part ofMac Lean's Ellate, it now belongs to the Duke of Argyll. ‘ ' ' XIX. Coll lies half a League J?. N. E. of Tyre-ty. It is 10 Miles long, and 3 broad. They have a Notion here, that fyn-ty breeds more Women than Men, and Coll took Men tlian Women j that fo thefe two Elands' may people one another without the Affiftance of their Neighbours. Mac Lean of Coll is Proprietor. Inhabitants Protellants. XX. Rum lies 4 Leagues South of Shy. It is 5 Miles long from S. to N. and 3 from S. to W. Country Fruitful, efpeci- ,illy in Filh and Fowl. Mac Lean of Coll is Proprietor. In¬ habitants Protellants. m.South-Wefi of Rum lies Mac, a fmall Ifland; 4 Miles about, which has nothing particular different from its Neigh-' XXII. Haifa Mile from Rum lies Canny, 2 Miles long; from South to North, and a Mile from Eajf to Wejl. Ih the North End of this Ifland there is a Hill that diforders the Needle to that Degree, that when Mr. Martin laid the Compafs ’ on’ a flony Ground near it, he found, that after the Needle had turned round fwiftly feveral times, at laft it fettled' due Eaji: Man Mac Donald is Proprietor. Inhabitants Papilfe. ' XXIII. Egg lies South of Shy 4 Leagues, 3 Miles long,'if Mile broad, and about 9 Miles round. Soil indifferent good for Mure and Tillage. Inhabitants Papifls, and bigotted in’ their Way. Proprietors Alan Mac Donald of Moydart,' aid Man Mac Donald of Moron. 1 ' XXIV. The remote!! of all the N. V/. Iflands of Scotland is St\ Kilda, or Hirt. It is faced all round with a lteep' Rock, 1 except a Bay at Soutb-Eaft, which is not' a Harbour fit for a Veffel, fo that there is no landing but in a Calm, and that by- dimbing. The Soil is not unfruitful, efpecially of Barley, which is the largeft in the Wcftern Ifles. There ape about 2 f families in the Ifland, who live chiefly upon Filh and Fowl,' and the Eggs of their Sea-Fowl, of which they have incredi¬ ble Quantities. The Inhabitants, who are Protellants, are a very fincere kind of People, feparated from the World, of which they know little, and fee lefs; truly religious, arid every Way what we may imagine the Inhabitants’of the old World to have been before the Arts of Luxury got footing among!! Mankind. They pay a fmall Homage to the Mac -Leads, a Cadet of which Family comes fometimes to receive his TrE bate, which is paid in Down, Wool,- Butter, Cheefe. Cows; Y Horfes, 322 %% e Recent &tate Part u, Horfes, Fowl, Oil and Barley. Money they have none, no' do they know the Ufe of it. The Number of the People in thefe Iflands are computed, at 48,000. The natural Ports which they abound with, and the great, and indeed the almoft incredible Quantity of Her¬ ring, Cod and Ling, with which their Coaft fwarm, toge¬ ther with the Fertility of the Soil of moll of them, and the Indnitry and natural Sagacity of the Inhabitants, are great Encouragements to fet up a Filhery among them. The bleJTed Union which the late Queen’s Reign produced, will, without doubt, be felt among thole innocent and diligent People in a lhort Time; and' fir.ce they only want to be fet at work, we ought not to think fo ill of the prefent Generation, as to imagine that they will negledl to do it. One wonderful Qualification that fome of thefe Slanders are pofleffed of, ought not to be over-looked : It is too weil attelled to be called in queftion, though if it were not fo, no Man with- Out Folly could believe it; that is, the Second Sight. It is a Faculty of feeing abfent Perfons and Things to come, reprefented to their Imaginations as if they were adliially via¬ ble and prefent. Thus if a Man is to die, his Image Stall appear in its natural and didindt Shape in a Shroud, to one that perhaps never faw his Face; and fome Time after the Man whole Image fo appears (hall die. This Quality of Second Sigbtedncfs is not Hereditary, the Perfon who has it cannot exert it at Pleafurc, nor can he communicate it to another, but it comes of itfelf, and -exercifes it felf wholly againll the Will; and often, efpecially in young Seers, to the great Trouble and Confternation of thofe whom it polTef fes. Obfervation teaches you to judge of thofe Vifions; and they are fearce ever known to fail. The Iflands of Orkney, or the Orcades. T HIS Colleflion of Illands in our Tongue is called the Illes of Orkney, and by the Latins, both ancient and 'modern, Orcades. They lie in Longitude z2d. nm. Lati¬ tude 59 d. 2 m. The longed Day is 18 Hours, and fome odd Minutes: The Winters, as in mod fmall Iflands, and indeed always near the Sea, are generally more fubjeft to Rain than Snow: The Frofl and Snow does not continue long, but the Wind is very boiflerous; and it rains fometimes not by Drops, but by Spouts of Water, as if the whole Clouds fell at once. 3&igf)flatlD jfriflj.] which divides the Southermod Illands from Caithnefs, is in Breadth about 1 z Miles. The illands of Orkney are z6 in Number, which are inhabited; -viz. Scath Ronalfay, Suvinna, Hey and Waes, Burra, Lantbolm. Flota, Faira, Causa, Gramfcye , Pomona, or Mainland, Coppinfye, y Sbapofiye, Book I. Of Great-Britain. 323 Sbapinfije, Damfeg, Inhallo-Stronfa, ■ Papa-Stronfa, Sanda, jVsrfi Ronaljha, Eda Roiifa, Wjre, Gairfa, Eglejha, North faira, Wejlra, Papa Wejlra ,; the reft of the Iflands are called Holm (Holm in the old Norwegian lignifying an Ifland) and are only for Failure; all of them being feparated one from another by fome narrow Straights. The People in thefe lands are generally Civil, Sagacious, Circumfpeft, Pioufly inclined, and given to Hofpitality. The Women in thefe' 'lands are very handfeme, and bring forth Children at a very great Age. One Margery Bitr.hijier, in the Parilh of Ewe, was, in the Year 1683, brought to Bed of a Male Child in the 63 d Year of her Age. By reafon of the Temperance of their Diet, and Wholfomenefs of the Air, the People ufually live very long. Their Difeafes are th.e Scurvy, Agues, Con- fmptims, &c. All fpeak Englifi after the Scots Way, with as good an Accent as any in the Kingdom; only fome of the common People fpeak a Language among themfelves, which they call Norns, i. e. Narrecua, or the Norwegian Tongue, which they learnt from their :firft Planters the Norwegians, ivho peopled thefe Hinds about the Time that they made their other Settlements in Great-B■ itain and Ireland; that is, the old Danjh Tongue, which is ftill fpoken in great Per¬ fection in Ijcland, and was fpoken by the Danes that invaded Britain in the 9th, 10th, and nth Centuries. Their Corn- Land is every where enclofed, and without thefe Enclofures, their Sheep and Swine, and molt of their Cattle go loofe, without a Herdfman to keep them. The only remarkable Town in all this Country is Kirkwall, a lloyal Borough long pcffefs’d by the Norwegians: It is built upon a plpafant Oy/e, or Inlet of the Sea, near the Middle of the main Land; its Streets are narrow; It is about a Mile in Length, hav. ing a very fttfc Harbour and Road for Ships. Here is the Scat of JuJlice: The Steward, Sheriff, and Commiffnry, do all keep their feveral Courts in this Place. Here is a publick School for the teaching of Grammar, endowed with a com¬ petent Salary: and at the North-End of the Town is a Fort' built by the Englijh during CromwelPs Ufurpation, ditch’d a- haut with a Breaft-work, and other Fortifications, on which they have fome Cannon planted for the Defence of the Har¬ bour. This Town had been erefted into a free Borough in the Time of the Norwegians ; And, Anno i486. King James the Third gave them a Charter of Privileges, which was con- iifmed by King Charles the Second, Anno 1662, and by the Parliament at Edinburgh 1670. The Cathedral Church dedi¬ cated to St. Magnus, a Danijh Saint, Hands in Kirkwall ; it was founded by Holland, Earl of Orkney, but it has been en¬ larged by fome of the pious Bifhops of that See It is a beautiful and ftatefy Structure, longer than that of Giles's at Edinburgh. The Steeple is very high, and has a Set of as tu- Y 2 nable 324 Cfjc ©tate Part 11. liable Cells .as any Cathedral of the Kingdom.-. ! L’efides a Ca¬ thedral, there are. 31 Churches more in this'.Country, .and . above jco ancient Chapels. The Chrijiian. Faith. was "greatly promoted in this Country about the Beginning of.the..;th Century, Ettgenitts II. being then King of Scotland, at which . Time Palladia s was fent by Pope Celejfin fo convert that ' Kingdom. .... 1 he .firft Planters and PoffeiTors of this Country were the Piiis, as. the Generality of our Hifcorians affirm, who call Ork¬ ney, Antiquum Piclorum Regatta: And thefe- Verfes of the J?oet CUmmati , Oroides i hcaluit Piclorum Sanguine 7,huh, do evidently (hew, that the PiSs at that Time were the Pcf- feffors and Inhabitants of thefe Northern IJlnnds. This Country was anciently govern’d by Kings, after the Manner of the Pis?:, and other Nations; but by the Injury of- Time, and Carelethefs of Writers, only two of them are men¬ tion’d : One was Belus King of Orkney, whom Hoiingjhtal calls Ehuius, and Bccd-itu, Bairn. The other King of Orhij was called Garni; he reigned in the Time oi'Caraclam, King of the Eritsns Thele lilands continued, in .all probi- bility,'under the Government of their own Princes ’till the utter Subverfion of that Kingdom, A. D. 839,' when Ken¬ neth 11. that Martial King of Sects, fubdued thefe Jfles, and added them to his other Dominions. But in the Year 1099, the Norwegians, poffeffed themfelves of this Country, and held it 164 Yearsj and then King Magnus of Norway fold it all again' to King. Alexander of Scotland, for 4000 Marks Sterling, and 100 Marks a Year. Orkney being thus recover’d from the Danes and Norwegians, it continued ever after an¬ nexed to the Crown of Sen. land. King Alexander giving the. Property of it to a Nobleman, firnamed Speir, Ear! of Cailb-: nefs, whofc Son, Magnus Speir, Earl of CaithnsJ.i, Orbuy and Scotland, was in great heputc in the Days of King Ribert Bruce; but he dying without Heirs Male, his Daughter Eliza¬ beth Speir fucceeuing him in the Eilate, was marry’d to Sir V/illiam Sinclair, who was ittccceded by his Son Robert Sinclair, who being forefaultcd for Non pompcarcnce to the . Parlia¬ ment, the Earldom of Orkney and Lordffiip of Schetland. was again annexed,to the Crown, and fo continued ’til! .the Reigs of Queen Mary, who conferred it upon James Hepburn/, Earl of Bothwc’l; ar.d in order to make him her Hufband, crea¬ ted him Duke of Orkney ; but he dying as bafely as he lived, after ten Years Imprifonment in Denmark, tire Lord Robrt Stuart, Natural Son of King James V.. was made Earl of Orkney, in Agnjt 1581 j and he being beheaded, and his Son Book I. : cf Or eat-BritAin. 325 hanged, Orkney had fevera! Governors ’till the Year 1647, ac which Time William Douglas, Earl oh Mcritw, procured a Wad- fet, or Mortgage of this Country 1 from King Clfailes 1: To him fucceeded his don Robe, t Dniglat, Earl of Nloreton, Anno 1649, who was fucceeded by his Son Robert: from whom CM»«yand Schetlaitd being redeemed, 1669, were ail re-annexed to the Crown, except the Bilhop’s Intcreft.. But the laid Country, by the Union-Parliament, was diffolved from the Crown, and her late Majetly 'thereupon granted" the fame to the then Earl of Morctw, for Payment of the yearly Sum of 500/. and appointed him Stewart and Jufticier within the Bounds thereof. Under the Stewarts are fome judges of this Creation and Appointment, called Bailiffs; In every Parifh and Ifle, there is 0:1c. Their' Office is to overfee the Manners of tire Inhabitants 1 to bold Courts, and to determine in Civil Matters, -to >the Value of 10 /. Scots (16 s. 8 d. Englijh) ; but if the Matter be above, it is referred to the Stewart, of his Deputy; Under, and fubfer-; rient to thofe Bailiffs, are fix or feven of; the moll hoaeft and intelligent Persons within the Parifh, call’d La-xbrightmen. Thefe in their refpeftive Bounds, have the Cverfight of the People, in manner of Conlhblcs, and they ■ inform the Bailiffs of' fuch Enormites as occafionally happen, which the Bailiffs pnnifli according to the Importance and Circumflances of the Kaultj and if it be above his Limits, or the Extent of his Power, he fends the Delinquent to the Seat of Jujlice, which is held by the. Stewart, or his Deputy. Thefe Laxurightmcn have a Privilege inherent to their Office, by the Cuftom of the Country, which is not ufual elfewhcre; wnich is,'if there be any Suspicion of Theft, they cake fome of their Neighbours with them, during the Silence of the Night, and make Search for the Theft,,which is called Ranfacking, from Ranfaka, which is to make Enquiry, in the ancient Danijh: They fearcli every Houle they come to, and if the.Theft be found, they feize him upon whom it is found, and bring him to tile Seat of Jujlice. The IJles of Schetland. T H E Kies of Schetland being Part of the Stewartry of Orkney, are governed either by the Stewart, or his De¬ puty. They are placed by Ptolemy in the 63d Degree from die Equinoctial, between Scotland and Korxvay. The nearelj; Part of the files of Schetland, is about 80 Miles from Ork- wy. and the Sea between them is very turbulent and ftormy. ihofe that are properly called Hies, are in Number ab^ut 46, with 10 Holmes and 30 Rocks; all which are ranked under the general Nam: of Schetland, though each of them, oas its particular Name. About z6 of them only are inha¬ led; others, though large enough, are only made-trie of to feed Cuttle. Many ofCthe Gentry of the Country have come ' --.V-., : from 326 €lje Piefent ©tate Part II. from Scotland ar.d fettled here; but the common People, that a; e Natives, are defeended fiom the Norwegians, and fpealca corrupt Dialed of the Norwegian Tongue. They are generally healthy, commonly living to five, fix, or fevenfeore Years of Age. There are many Obelifks Hill handing, and many old Fabricks, which are faid to. have been built by the Puts : They are in the Fafhion of Pyramids^ with a winding Fait of Stairs within the 1 op. * Under them they, had i. ells all vaulted over, and from the Top .of them they made a Sign by Fire, when they apprehended any imminent Danger. Tie Ciround is clean, and. tire Soil naturally inclines to a fandy Clay. The Produce of the Country is chiefly Fifli,. Butter, Oil, Wool, Feathers,. Beef,. Tallow, Hides, Stuff, Stockings, Woollen Gloves and Garters. There has been at one Time in Braffay- Sound, 1500 Sail of Hollanders employed about that profitable Filhery which they make about the Scotch Iflands. After Para, an Ifland lying in the Midway between Orhef and Schetland, the firll Ifland that appears is called Mainland, as being the largeft: It is about 60 Miles in Length, and 16 or 18 where broadeft. In Schetland they have one Prelbytety, which afiembies at Scalloway. The Thule of the Ancients, as deftrikd if Sir Robert Sibbald. • Though the Ancients were at Variance about the particular Situation of Thule, yet they all agreed, that it was fomewhere towards the North : Many' make it to be one of the Brilifi Iflands; and as Conradus Celtes faid long, ago, it was eri- compafs’d with the Ifles of Orkney, fo I have alfo taken the Liberty to fubjoin it to them. Bochart obferves, that Tkk ip the Syriac, or Chaldee, which is a Dialed! of the Phrcri- dans, fignifies Darkncfs: And the Ancients had a mighty Notion of the Darknefs of the Regions farthelt North. Tint the Phoenicians failed far beyond the Mediterranean is indif- putable. It is probable, therefore, that when they came to Coaits where Fogs were thick, and Nights were long, they might call them by one general Name, Thule: Which Name the Greeks, and from them the Romans, not under- itanding, applied, to fome Ifland in the molt Northerly Part of Britain. That the Roman Thule mud be placed there, will appear evidently frqm what follows. What Cmfar obferv- ed of the Ancient Britons, that they painted their Bodies blue, and fought in hooked Chariots, Silius Italics af¬ firms of the Inhabitants of i Thule ; and. it is plain, the Poet could fpeak only of tfiofe whom the Romans fought with m his Time. , 3 . Cten&l BookI. Of Great-Britain. 32^- Carules baud alittr cum dimicat incola Thules Agmina falcifcro circumycnit aSa Covina. Pliny was of the fame Opinion, for he treats of Thule in the fame Chapter with the Sritijh Illes; and Tacitus, in his Life of slmala, fays, that when the Roman Navy failed about Sri- ' tain, defpe.Ta eft & Thule ; they faw Thule as they failed by the Or cades. Sir Robert Sibbald thinks, that Ireland was the firft of the Bri- tijh Illes that was called Thule , as being the firft remarkable Illand that the Carthaginians met with in their Courfe from Cadin, fteering to the North, and alfo becaufe Statius calls it Refptria (or YVellern) Thule. But if, Ireland was called fo, that is not the Thule which is mentioned by the Roman Wri¬ ters ; for the Romans never carried their Arms into Ireland; and therefore what they fay muft refer to fome Britijh Nor¬ thern Ille, which they invaded under Agricola, and which was then poflelfed by the PiSs; whom Statius the Poet, who was contemporary with Domilian, calls Caledonians. Claudian does yet more particularly give the Name of Thule to the North Part of Britain, when he fpeaks of the great Exploits done there by Theodoftus, Father of Theodoftus the Emperor, and Grandfather of Arcadius and Honorius,. whom he makes to conquer the Scots, and the Inhabitants of Thule, in a cold frolly Country, and the Moors in a fcorching one; where, by e g the Moors and Britons as the remote!! People then 1 in their feveral Parts, he clearly demonftrates, that Slide muft be fomewhere near the North Parts of the Ifle of Britain, then inhabited by the Pills and Scots. Cltudian’s Words are thele : Ilk Caledoniis foftuit qui caftra pruinis Maduerunt Saxone fufo Orcades, incaluit PICTORUM SANGUINE THULE, Seolorum cnmulos flevit Glacialis Jems. In Caledonian Frofts his Tents he pitch’d. When Or buy Illes he dy’d with Saxon Gore; Then THULE with the PiSiJh Blood grew hot, , Icy Strathem bemoan’d huge Heaps of Scots. Jerne here is Strathem, i. e. the Valley of Em ; and had its Name from Ireland, or Erin, from whence thefe Scots nme. Juvenal alfo calls it by the fame Name, when he %s, Anna quod ultra Litora Juvernes promovimus, in which he alludes to Agricola’s Conquefts ; as he does alfo to that " great General’s Care to inftrudt the Britons in the Roman'’ Alts, in this Verfe, De condueenda loquitur jam Rhetors Thule ;' Y 4 Which Cfie $2efent-&t&tev< Part iir Which laft Verfe demonllrates that Thule belong’d to Britain, and tho’ it: was far North,, whence it is called Ultima, jet it could not be beyond that Iiland, becaufe the Romans never carried- their Arms any farther, Jerne therefore lying upbn the Weft-Coaft, Thule feems to be upon the Eailern, and it raoft 'probably what is now. called Eajl-Refs, Sutherland ml Cciithnefs<; for there the Pills, or as Silius Italian calls'them, the blue Inhabitants of Thule, were anciently fettled, when the Southern Countries became Part of the Roman Province, Before that Time the Britons were all Pills, that is, were all painted,: and the Brigantes were blue in terra’s Time. We are fare Thule lies far North, Theodoftus was there '; ; and as he killed the Scots in Jcrne, fo he killed the Pills in Thule. ■ Now Claudian's Jerne is not Ireland, becaufe we have no- Account that the/Remans ever carried their Arms into -Ireland, mt were any Roman Antiquities ever found there. : Beiidet, the thick Woods in. Caithnefs would appear very dark to Navigat tors, and fo. might well deferve the Name of Thule-, though we rather, think that the Phoenician Thule ms Ireland, which was anciently , very woody, and confequently very foggy; and that the Romans afterwards applied that Name, which they did not thoroughly underhand, to the Pildjh Coalls, meaning thereby only an Iiland, or rather Peninftla, that was very far North, as the firft Thule was deferibed to be, The Ancient Norwegians, who failed round Britain; and were Lords of: the North and Weft Iiles for fome Time, called the! Weliern Hands liar, or Thile, but which of them-we know not. Of this Snorris Sturlifon, the Iflandilh Hillorian of Noiway, who lived ;oo Years ago, is a certain- Evidence.- For in his Account of Magnus Olafson, King of Norway's Ex¬ pedition in the Year 1095, Awards the Britijh Ides, he fays. That King Magnus went with a mighty Fleet weftward to the Ifles of Orkney, which he conquered, and placed a Viceroy over them. Then he went to the Southern Jfles, i. e. the Hebrides, which lie S. W. of Orkney , where he wafted, and burned, and forced-.the Inhabitants to fly,'fome into Scotland, and fome into Ireland: That he particularly landed in Jena, where he fuffered no Man to hurt the People, of the Church; and from thence went to the Iiland Thik, and from thence to Satires t Mulls, plundering boththe. Scotch and Iri/h Co.ifo all along as he went. This fhews what Opinion the Ancient Danes had of the Situation of Thule: And that one of the Weftern Iilands was fo called, is unqueftionable. But Part of -Norway is alfo called, Thule mark. -Were there not there¬ fore,anciently, more Regions towards the North, than one cpllcd by that Name?- It is moil probable there-were; And one, may fafely. affirm, that Juvenal, Statius, and Claudius, went no. farther than the North-B iv/j® Coalls for tlieir T!>A whsrefoaver they placed it. look I. flf G R E A T-B RIT AI N.' the Roman WALL in Scotland. The fiift Occalion of building the Roman Wall, which now »oes by the Name of Grahme’s-Dyle, was given by Julius "jhnola, to exclude the Scetijb Highlanders ; for the Wall be¬ ing built upon that Illhmus, or Neck of Land, betwixt the River Forth and Clyde, which is not above 16 Miles over, the Enemy was by this Means removed as it were into another Bland: But here we mull not imagine that this Wall was built by Agricola, fmce it is affirmed by no Hiftorian. He contented himfelf only with placing Garrifons at convenient Ditonces, that his Forces might eafily draw together upon the firfl Apprehenfion of Danger. The Garrifons probably fettled by him (for thofe upon the Wall mull neceffarily have been fettled by others) were, i. Curia Damniorum, which the Neighbours at this Day call Camelon j where the Remains of the Fortification are yet . to be feen, and a Roman Military Way begins there, and runs to the South. Here alfo they difcover old Vaults, and meet with Reman Coins. The fe- cond feems to have been about fix Miles diftant to the North-weft, where the Town of Sterling now Hands} for be- fides that the Narrownefs of the River Forth, which, has now a Bridge over it in this Place, required a Garrifon there; there is upon a Rock an ancient Infcription, intimating, that a Le¬ gion once kept Garrifon there. The Third Garrifon was plactd about eight Miles N. E. from the Second, where Reman Medals, have been found, and net far from it runs a Roman Military Way. . The fourth feems to be that which Belt calls Guidi, now called Kirkintilloch , fituale upon the Wall, where are Hill to be feen the Ruins of great Forti¬ fications, and near it feveral Infcriptions have been found. The fifth was where the Town of Paijly is now feated. The fixth was the moll remote to the: Weft, called at this Day Rmlartan, conveniently fitnated in a Point, where the Le~ I m runneth into the Clyde', but if this Conveniency was | sot a fufficient Teftimony, the Infcriptions. that are found, in the Neighbourhood, would put it beyond all difpute. The placing thele Garrifons- was probably, the Occafion of build¬ ing the Wall afterward , along this Traft; but in building they took the direfteft Line, which muft be the Caufe why tome of the- Garrifons are at a Dillance from it. It feems alfo to have been built at feveral Times, and by different Perfons, as the Situation of the Ground required for- repel¬ ling the Enemy, and covering the Provincial Britons again!! their Invafions. The Wall firft began where the River Forth was narrow, and fo was carried along the Neck of Land- between the Frith of Clyde and Forth, but afterwards was earned farther Baft, The Pexvahel, ar Pexueltuin, where Bede. 33 f> . • • ©fie P?cfeut &tate Partii, Be/e fays it began, is at this Day called Walltoun, where tfe,, is an artificial Mount dik’d about; but the Manner oftk e Wall is bell underftood by Mr. Pont' s Defcription in Dr. Gil ■fin's (now Bilhop of London) Tranflation of Cambden's Bri¬ tannia, p. 959. Firft, there appears a Ditch of 12 Foat wide before the Wall, towards the Enemy’s Country; tic Wall itfelf is ten Foot thick, but it is not known how high it was.at firft; there is a paved Way at the Foot of the five Foot broad, Watch-Towers within Call of one another* where Centinels kept Watch Day and Night, a Court of Guard to lodge a fufficient Number of Soldiers again! all fudden Alarms, and a Void within for the Soldiers lodrina, Betides 'tliefe, there are along the Wall great and nolle Forts, ftrongiy intrench’d, and though within the -Wall, able to receive a whole Army together. The Forts which re¬ mained in Mr. Font's Time, who traced them all, were thefe, one at Langtoun, a Mile Eaft of Falkirk ; one juft at Rouinlm Burnhead; one at Wefter-Goosiden, about St. Helen's Chapel; one at the Croykill ; a very great one at the Top of the Bat- bill-, one at Atchindcvy ; one at Kirkintilloch, or Katrfm- collocb ; one at Eaft-Calder; one at Hilltoun-Calder; one at Balmudy ; one at Simerjlone, and over Kilvin River, and Carrjloun ; one at Atermynie ; one at Balcajlle, over-agaiul Banhill ; one at Kaellyhe, over-againft Cray-Hill; one at the Roch-hill, over-againft "the Weft-Wood ; a large one at Bankyir, over.againft Caftle-Cairy ; one at Dumbafe In the Ruins of that at ftankyir was found a large Iron Shovel, or fome In- llrument refembling it, fo weighty, that it could hardly be lifted by one-Man. At the lame Fort alfo were difeovered fe- veral Sepulchres cover’d with large rough Stones;. and at Dm- Chroc-Chyr, by Mony-Abroch, were formerly large Buildings. The Length of the Wall was 56 Scotch Miles, beginning be¬ tween Queen's- Ferry and Abercorn ; it rang’d along Weft by the Grange and Kineil, to Iuncrc-ving, fo on to Falkirk, from whence it proceeded diredtly to the Foreft of Cumemald ; next it ran to the great Fore at the Banhill, where have been found feveral Stones, fome with Piftures engraven upon them, and with Infcriptions. From whence it went to the Peel of Kir- lintilloch, the greateft Fort of all, and fo Weftward to Dun¬ barton, with a great Ditch upon the North-fide of the Wall all along. It had a(fo many fquare Fortifications in Form 6- Roman Camps. CHAP. BookI. of Great-Britain. $$| CHAP. m. Of Us Air, Soil, and Commodities. jOTWas not without Reafon, that Ctefar laid of Bn, tain in general, Caelum Gallico ternperatim ; for even in the moft Northern Parts of the Iflaad, the Air is generally fcrene, feldom clouded by Mills, or Fogs, more- niild and temperate than in the Continent under the fame Climate, by reafon of the warm Vapours from the Sea upon all Sides; and for the fame Reafon, the continual Breezes of die Wind caufe the Heats in Summer to be no ways torching. The conftant Winds purify the Air, and keep it always inMo- lion; fo that it is feldom known,, that an Epidemical Diltemper, i rages in the Country. jSOil.] The Country is for the mod part hilly and moun¬ tainous, there being but few Plains, and they of no great Extent; and thofe they have are generally by the Sea-iide, from whence the Ground rifes fenfibly, the farther in the Country the higher; fo that the greateft Hills are in the Middle of the Kingdom. The Quality of the Soil, compared with that of England, is, take it altogether, not fo good. Tis commonly more fit for Pafture than Com, and for that Purpofe is very well watered. Where the Surface is leaneft, there are found Metals and Minerals, and confidera- b!e Quantities of Lead are yearly exported: There is alfo Plenty of other good Ores, if the Inhabitants would be per- fuaded to take Pains to work them. In a great Part of tlur Inland-Country, efpecially where it lies upon fome of the Friths, the Soil is very good, and there grow all the Sorts of Grain that are to be found in the South Parts of Britain In- the Low Grounds they have Stare of Peafe and Beans, which, for the Strength of their Nourifhment are much ufed by the Labouring People. In the Skirts of the Country, which are not fo fit for Grain, there grow great Woods of Timber to a rail Bignefs, efpecially Eir-Trees, which thrive bell, in rocky and mountainous Countries. Springs of Medicinal Waters ate common enough; no Country is better provided with. Filh, which would turn to a good Account, if their Fifheries "’ere managed to the bcfl Advantage: Befides Shoals of fmal- kr Whales, the Porpus and the Meer Swine are frequently ken upon their Coalls: And the great Whales of the Baleen , or Whalebone Kind, and thofe of the Spcrrna Ceti Kind, are call now and then upon feveral Parts of the Shore. The Hills, efpecially upon the Skirts of the Country-, breed; abundance of Cows, which not only afford Store of Butter Cheefe for the Ufe of the Inhabitants, liut conftderable Profit, W r €i)ep?efettt Me ■*' Part if- Profit, by vending their Hides and Tallow, and by the great' Numbers that are fold into England. The Size of: their to-sj Sind Sheep, as"in all cold Regions, is but final!, but the Flefli of- fcoth is exceedingdeliciQus, and very p.ourilhing. . The Highlands breed great Flocks of Goats, with Store of Deer, art'd abundance of Rabbets. '.Commoaitiffi.] Itaboundswith all Nccefiaries of Life'; am} irirefpe&of folid wiiolefomeFood, Hands in need of nofAffilkcte from its Neighbours. There is very great Plenty of Cows, Oses, Sheep, "Goats, Conies; and, in th'e North, of Red and Fallon-. Deer ; of Wild and Tame Fowl, fiich as Partridges, Sea-Plowis; Pewets, Woodcocks, Dotterels, Snipes, Plovers, Quails, • Larks, Herons,, fcfr of Hens, Ducks, Geele, Turkies, Pigeons, CSV. .For Fijh, no Country exceeds it for extraordinary Plenty of Salmon, befides Trouts, Carps, Pikes, Eels, and other River- Fifli;" Herrings they-have in fuch abundance, that the ZW drive a .confiderable Trade in foreign Parts with the Herring! they take in the Northern Seas, Oylters,- Cockles, Lobfteis,. Cod, Ling,' Scatcs, Turbots, Mackrels, and - Whitings, with other Sorts of excellent Sea-Filh, they have in great Abun¬ dance. . ' Beer and Ale in Scotland is very good, and the -Scotch are not Ignorant of the Art of Diltilling Brandy and". Ufquebacgh to: peatPerfeflion. Gardens for the Ufe of the Kitchin are not wanting; Or¬ chards for Fruit are common, and for the molt part the Peart are better than the Apples; yet here they have die Rennet: and the Golden Pippin in great Perfection; and the Houles 1 of the Nobility and Gentry are adorn’d with Flower Gardens, and Wall-Fruit, better than one would expeft to find fo fir North. For all thofe Fruits which can be ripen’d in the Sum¬ mer Months, fuch as Melons, Figs, Apricocks, and Peaches, ate' produced in' their Gardens, with their true and natural Flavour, and Talte. The Woods, which are very large, fome of them above tea Miles long, do not only abound with Timber-Trees, efpecially Oaks,'Firs, and Birch, but alfo with great Variety, of Phyftcal Herbs, and Plants. - For Cloathing, Scotland knows no want of very fine Wool, of which they make very good Stuffs and Broad-Cloth for the bet ¬ ter Sort, and Freezes for the Country People, to defend them in'- their Work from the Cold. Befides, of their Wool, and by their ■ Dexterity in Knitting, they make the fineft Woriled-Stockihgsin the World ; fome of them exceeding thofe of Jerfcy and Gutm-h fey, which they fell for a greater Price than Silk. Some are foli at 30 a a Pair. Book I. uf ; G R EA T-? R1 T-^.I f. .There is alfo great Plenty of Hemp and Flax; their Lines ^Chtb is inferior to few for its Goodnefs, and the Manufactory of it, by Exportation into other Countries, is verybeneficiarto the 1 . Inhabitants. ' ‘ T leather drefs’d in Scotland Is good ; though it is not fo nicely ! ireffed as in feveral Places in England: It is thinner than ours, iby reafon of the hard Feeding of their Cattle, yet it is ftrong' and durable; but not very plentiful, becaufe not fo generally worn in Breeches, Doublets and Aprons, Boots and Shoes, among the common People;..and befides, they find it turns to as good, and much quicker Account, to fell their Hides raw to the Fnglijh. Fo; Building they want .no Timber, though' it' is not fo much ufed in this Country as in others for that Purpofe; be- cnife they have great Variety of excellent. Stones, fuch as Sand-Stone, Marble, Alabalter and Slate, with abundance of Chalk and Lime-Hone. For Firing, they have Sea Coal, or Pit-Coal, and the lalt in great Perfcffion almoft every where, at a very Email Price; and where that is wanting, there is in fome Places Wood, and in others great Plenty of Turf and Peat. For Shipping, which has been too long neglefted, the Woods and Forefts of- Scotland yield very good Oaks, fit for Beamt, Plank, or Knee Timber; Firs fit for Malls and Yards; and the Ground affords Hemp for Cordage. The Scotch Horfes are generally final!, but fo well made, that they are very fit for Labour, or Travelling; there are alfo fane of a large Breed in the Hands of the Nobility and Gentry. They have alfo Dogs of all Sorts and Sizes, and for Befides great Quantities of Lead, Iron, Bra/s, arid Copped Orr, and Lapis Calaminaris, which is the chief Ingredient' in makingBrafe, there are feveral rich Silver Mines in Scotland-, fo, that in refpeft of them only, Scotland is faid to be richer under Ground than above: Nay, James Atkin fin,. 'Affay- Maller of the Mint at Edinburgh, hr the Reign of James VI. dbres us, that Natural, or Native Gold' was to be found in feveral Places in this Country; as on .Mine oh Crawford Moor and Friar'Moor in CljdeJdale ; .two on Robburt Moor ahd Man- mk Moor in Nidi/dale; three on GlangabarWatter in IrJerldnd, in the Foreft of Altine, and in many other Combes, or Valleys, his commonly found, fays he, after great Rains, link’d fait jo.the Sappare- Stone, juft as Lead-Oar and White-Spar grow lometimes together. This is certain, that one Cornelius, a Herman, who in that Time was by Patent created Superior M: the Gold Mines of the King- of Scots, difeovered Gold Mines at Crawford John, and in 30 Days Time brought'into tne King’s Mint at Edinburgh, 80 Pounds Troy Weight of Na- “ G oW, which was worth 4300/. Sterling. $34 . €fje pjefent State Pattir' • Bcfides Grain, and other Commodities already mentioned the Merchants export Marble, Alabailer, Linnen and Woollen Cioth, Freezes, Plaids, Plaiding-Stuffs, Stockings, Malt, Hops Meal, Hides, Rabbets, and Hare-Skins, Filh, Eggs, Oaker’ Coals, and Salt. To conclude; though fome Countries may pride themfelves in being richer, their Seas being better na¬ vigated, and their Lands more fertile, yet Scotland wants no¬ thing that is nsceffaty for the Life of Man, and what Ihould put Life into future Endeavours. The Country is capable of great Improvements, and having many fafe and convenient Pom and Havens, if encouraged, it cannot long want a profitable Trade by Sea; which concurring with a prudent and induftrions Management of the Inland Trade and Manufaflories, cannot fail ot making that Part of Great-Britain much richer, and, confequently, much more confiderable than it is at prefent, or indeed, than ever it was.' G H A P. IV. 0 / its Inhabitants, their Number, Language, mi Chara#er. Inhabitant*] 1A thing the Roman Empire, the North-h- I i Jlern Prtrt of Scotland, which was free, Was inhabited chiefly by the Pills, who in all Probability were' Britons, that ftill retained theCuftonvof painting their Bodies, I fay chiefly, becaufe it is molt probable, that the Scots came thither very early out of Ireland, efpeciaily into the ll'eji Hitt- lands, though perhaps, not in great Numbers. Afterwards came in the Saxons, and then the Danes, who were long Ma¬ ilers of the Orcadcs, which have been claimed by the Kings of Denmark, as Part of the Kingdom of Norway, till very lately! fo • that the prefent Inhabitants of Scotland are a Mixture of Piets, i. e. ancient Britons, of Scots, i. e. ancient hip ; of Saxons, and of Danes j of Romans, ’tis probable, there may be fome few, but fo blended with other Nations, that ’tis impoflibie, either by Names, or any other Mark, to diftin- guifli any Families at this Day, and afeertain their Defat from the Roman Stock. Wi\eit dumber.] Though Scotland be without Compan¬ ion more barren than any Parts of England, yet for want of Trade, and thofe other Encouragements which naturally bring People together, and keep them together when once they are gathered, it is certain that ’tis much thinner of People t™ otherwife it need be, or than England is. A Million and. halt of People is the moll that has been reckoned; though smW Sook l. of GrEAT-BrITAIN. 335 ■ilhing Trade and Hulbandry were encouraged as far is 'they night, it would maintain above double their Number. '■ . |pt)Eir language*] The Inhabitants of the Southern Pro- rinccs fpeak Englijh, varied only in Pronunciation :' Their '• Language approaches indeed nearer to the Do.ne-So.xon in ma¬ ny of its peculiar Words, than any other Dialed! of the Eng- lip Tongue, and for- that Reafon, thofe Writings which are Itrue Scctijh, fuch as Gaweri Douglas's Tranflation of f’irgiPs JEms; The Cherry and the Sloe, a Poem fo called ; and others, are very ufeful to thofe that are curious in fearching out tire Originals of our own Language. The Highlanders fpeak a fort of Irijh, which they call Albanach, and which they have both from the ancient Scots, who came out of Ireland, and from the Pills, who were originally Bi items: For the Britifi, which is now preferved in Wales, and the Irijh, were both dif¬ ferent Dialefts of the ancient Celtic ; from which, and from the ancient Gothic, almoft all the Languages of the Northern and the North-Wepm Nations of Europe are derived. In the decodes the Old Norwegian Tongue, ipoken Hill in tolerable Purity in I/eland, is preferved. Their Court-Rolls, Records, and Proceedings in Law, have been written for feveral Ages in lath, of which the Scotijb Lawyers are, generally fpeak- ing, great Mailers. Sir John Skene affigns the Reafons of their Laws being written m Latin to their having been drawn up by the Roman Clergy, who always endeavoured to keep the People in Ignorance, which is one of the great Pillars of the Pope’s Authority; though the truer Reafon feems to be, hecaufe the Civil Law, which was always the Common Law of Sudani, was written in that Language. There are alfo in the Saiifi Tongue more French Words than in thp Englijh, which has been occafioned by the long and frequent Intercourfes which the Scots have had with France. ®l)iiratrcr.] The Air being very' ferene, and the Climate temperate in Scotland, the Natives partake accordingly of both. They have clear Underftandings, are fagacious, quick at find¬ ing out their Interelf, and diligent in purfuing it. Abroad in foreign Countries, whither Necefiity or Curiolky often drives them; they are induftrious, frugal, and very dextrous in ac¬ commodating themfelves to the Manners of the People with whom they live. The Gentlemen are well bred, and as gene¬ rally learned as in any other Country in’ Europe. The Women °f Condition are handfome, fruitful, and model!, and very careful in that which is their great Bufinefs, viz. managing their Families, and educating their Children. The People w generally religious, and very zealous in adhering to that w which they profefs. They are very temperate in eating ™ drinking,'even in Countries where Luxury and Excefs in u°th is too much praftifed : Zealous Lovers of their Country, ■sough very willing to fettle abroad when they have any Oppor- 336 €lje pjefeitt State Partn. Opportunity of doing fo: Fearle(3 of Danger, and patient to endt® the Hardfhips and Fatigues of War. In a Word, they are a People who have always been tenacious of their Liberty, and whom no Threatning, nor any Prpfpedl of Advantage could make to yield to Conquerors, though more rich and powerfd than themfelves. The Scots, efpecially the ljlanders, are generally longer lived than in the more Southern Para of the World; a Man being fcarce thought old at 80; feveral living to above 100, in their J!lands to 140; and at that Age able to gain their Bread by their Labour: All which is aferibed to their Temperance and frugal Way of- Living, beiag utter Strangers to the Luxury of wealthier Nations; bur, of late, exceffive Drinking prevails in fomeDr¬ ees ; and the main Ambition of dome Country Gentlemen is, to be reckoned Good Fellows. flames.] In the South Parts of Scotland, where the Ink- hitants are defeended chiefly from the Saxons and Danes, their ’Names agree with thofe of England, both Chriflian and Sir- names. Chriftian Names common, are, James, John, Jk mas, Alexander, David, William, Robert, Charles, Colin ufcl among the Campbels ; Norman and Gilbert derived from the Danes, Archibald, Sc c. Sirnames among the Lowlanders are ■either local, as Douglas, Camphel, Hamilton, Smith, Maml, Daltymple, Spotfweod, Lejly, Zindtfay, Murray, Leith, 4c. or derived from their Parents, as Davidfon, Fergnfm, Hmtterfm Ycmgfon, Adamfon, Anderfin, Paterfon, j. e. Patridfm, Johnfin {which in Scotland is ufually written Johnfim, as if it were local) (Ac. or from Offices or Trades, as Sturt, Fletcher, CM, Baity, Falconer, Jujlice, &C. Saxon and Damp Names they have feveral, Sibbald (i. e. fo bald, the bold conta¬ gious Man) Btrick, which gives Title to the Earl al Dumkr- ton's eldeftSon, from Heyduck, a famous Nero of the North Clogie, which Bill fignifies Wife in Danijh, Graham, Danifn Gram Demjfhr, i.e. Judge; Cunningham, or Kunninghan, which in Danijh is the King’s Helmet. Bruce, Danijh ; Brufi, Bailee, Danijh ; Hrollatig, Grerr, Logy (Logs Norwegian, Flam) &c. The Highlanders, who are the old Scots and Fids blended together, keep their old Scotjh Names pretty entire, as Mal¬ colm, Duncan, Donald, Murdoc , Kennedy, &c. and thofe that begin with Mac, i. e. Son, are numerous; as Mac Katoj, Mack Kay, Mac Lead, Mac Lean, Mac Pberjon, Mac ChU, Mac Gill, Mac Dougal, Mac Guffoc, &c. Where Mac TkzN is the Son of Kennedy, or Kennet ; Mac Lend is the Son of the People, for that Lend fignifies in Saxon ; Mac Pherfin, die Son of a Prieft; Mac Guffoc, the Son of Guffoc; Mac Gill, the Son of Gilbert. How lar an Enquiry into the Etymology of the Sirnames of the Inhabitants of Great-Britain may go. to determine the Nation from whence every Family fp«ng> is a Subjeft well worth the Pains of a fkilful and judicious An- tiquary. Book I. Of Greater i tain.' 337 tiquary. This is certain, it can never be done well without a •competent Knowledge of the Celtic!. and Gothick Languages, and of the feveral Dialefts which have been form’d in thefe fyrthem and North-Weftern Parts of the World, from thefe two great Originals. CHAP. V. Of the Religion of Scotland. T HE Chriftian Religion was, without all Controverfy* preached very early in Scotland ; but how foon we do not certainly know. Titrtullian fays, Chriftianity was preached in the Britijh Hands ih Places where the Remans never came; whether he meant Ireland, or the North of Scotland, is uncer¬ tain. King Donald the Firft, who is faid to have begun his Reign in the Year 199, is alfo faid to have defired Preachers from P. Victor, who went into Scotland, and planted Chrifti¬ anity in that Country. Thefe Preachers are laid to have lived in Purity, without any Epifcopal Government; nor is any Bilhop faid to have come into Scotland before Pal/adiiis, who was fent by Pope Celejline to convert the Scots, in. the Year 431. [But this does not prove that Prelbytery or Cal- vinifm was the Religion of Scotland originally, any more than that it was originally the Religion of all the Engljjb Plan¬ tations in America, whither no Biihops have been yet . fent, and yet they are moft of them, and have been from the firft Plantation, under Epifcopal Government, fubjeff in Spiri¬ tuals to the Bilhop of London, and their Priefts epifcopally ordained, as thofe no doubt were who firft planted Chriftianity in Scotland; becaufe all the Churches of Chrifteridom were then ' governed by Biihops.] I This however is certain, that from the Fifth and Sixth Cen- tuiy, down to the Sixteenth, the'Government of the Church i pf Scotland has been by Biihops; and that it was alter’d in 1 Queen Marfs Time, and fince, every Body, knows; but per¬ haps the Steps by which that Alteration was effedted, may not he fo generally known. The Nature of my Deftgn will not let me run out far into Particulars'; ’but a fliort Account of what was done in Scotland, relating'to Religion, from the Year 1362, to the Re-eftablilhment of Epifcopacy'in that Kingdom, by King James VI. in 1603, will make what I (hall hereafter fay concerning the Kirk of Scotland better under- In the Reformation of England, under King Edward VI. the Biihops generally joined, and that was attended with a per¬ fect Acquieicence in their Government, the Lawfulnefs of which was never queftioned all'that Reign. Whether fome teremonies and Veftmcnts lho'uld be retained, was debated; Z but 33 8 €&e $#fent state Part II. but Hooper, Bilhop of Gloucejler, who fcrupled the Ufe of the Epifcopal Robes, at laft complied. The Exiles in Queen Mary's Time refumed thofe Debates at Frankfort and Genma, in which lafl Place was the famous John Knox, who joined with thofe that oppofed the Ufe of Ceremonies. Queen May dying, her Sifter, Queen Elizabeth, continued Epifcopacy, and the Ceremonies now retained in our Church; foon after the Scotijh Reformation follow’d, in which Knox was the chief Agent. By his Perfuafion the Ceremonies were by general Confent laid afide, and in the Confeffson of Faith, which he of¬ fer’d to be confirm’d in Parliament, 1567, Chap. xxi. is this Claufe ; That as Ceremonies are but Temporal, fo may and ought they to be changed, when they rather fofter Superfition, than edify the Kirk ufing the fame. And by the Sixth aft of that Parlia¬ ment it is enafled, That the Mixijlers of the Blejfei Eatangelifi if Jefus Chrift, whom God of his Mercy hath now raifed up anrngf us, or hereafter fall raife, agreeing with them that now Imin the Adminiflration of the Sacraments, and the People of thii Realm profefftng Jefus Chrift, &c. according to the ConfeJJion if the Faith, are declared to be the only true and holy Kirk of thii Realm. So far the Aft of Parliament. [Every Body knows, that at the Reformation Prelhytety or Calvinifm was introduced into Scotland by open Rebellion.] The Bilhops in that Parliament generally adhering to Po¬ pery', and refufing to fign the Confeflion of Faith, were laid afide, but in their Head Superintendants were appointed in fome Diftrifts, differing both in Number and Bounds from the Bilhops and their Diocefes. Other Perfons alfo having Com- miffions from the Kirk, executed particular Parts of the Minifle- rial Function committed to them. From thefe Commiffionen Appeals lay to Provincial Synods, or National or General Affemblies, as appears by Adi Vllch of that Parliament. Two Bilhops turned Proteftants, and they were continued in their Bifhopricks and Dignity; namely, Bothwel, Bifhop of Orbit], and Gordon, Bilhop of Galloway. Bothwel afterwards was de- pofed for marrying the Queen to the Earl of Bothwel, but was reftored again, and being an eminent Lawyer, continued long a Lord of the Seflion, and is marked in the Rolls of Parlia¬ ment as a Bilhop ; Gordon foon fell off to Queen Mary, and probably relapfed to Popery. Of the Abbots, fome turned Proteftants, the Abbacies of others were given to Laymen in Commcndam, and they, under the Name of Commendators, fat in Parliament, and made up the firft State of the Clergy, and had the Adminiftration of their Titles and Temporal Baronies. The Scots Church at this Time owned the Church of England for their Brethren, and Pallors and Guides of Chrift’s Flock, as appears by a Letter from the General Affembly of Scotland to the Englijh Bilhops, dated December 27th, 1556. It is fubferibed thus; The Superintendants, Miniftcrs, and Conmiffmiers within Book I.. Of Great-Britain. 339 tk Realm of Scotland, to their Brethrc:: the Bijhops and Paftors cf England, who heme renounced the Roman Antlchiijl, and loprofefs with them the Lord Jefts in Sincerity, with the lncreaft if the Holy Spirit. During this Time, the Queen, who was a Papift, and her Popilh Servants, hindered the Ratification of the Afle for Re¬ formation, and the Great Men that had Grants of the Church- Lands were unwilling that the Miniiiers Maintenance ftiould be fettled; and this increafed Divifions in the Kingdom. A Book of Dilcipline was drawn up, and figned by many of the Nobility, which was never ratified in Parliament. The Mini¬ fies however fat flill, out of Fear of bringing in Popery again; and keeping well with the Body of the Nobility, Gen¬ try, and People, waited for more favourable Times, which Times foon happened. For the Murder of King Henry ; the Acquittal of the Earl of Botbwcl upon the not proving cf the Libel; the denying to the Earl of Lenox, the murdeted King’s Father, a competent Time to make good his Accuiution ; Botlmel' s hafiy Divorce from his own Lady, and yet more hally Marriage with the Queen, and his inducing the Nobility to fubfcribe Bonds, declaring their Approbation of that Marri¬ age, put every thing into a Flame; the Queen was forced to quit her Army, and leave Bothwel to drift for himfelf; and focn after die refigned her Crown to her Son, and the Nobility and Great Men engaged themfelves under a Bond to crown the Child, and to Hand by him. This was done in 1567, and ■ Papifts as well as Proteftants figoed the Eond. This Affocia- tion did not indeed long continue in its full Strength; for be¬ fore the Meeting of the Parliament in December 1567, fome fell off, and after the Queen’s Efcape from Locbdevin, many eminent Men of both Religions joined to her. In this Time the Affembly met, and pafs’d feveral Acts relating to the Church, Univerfities, Colleges, Schools, and Patrimony of the Church, to which they affigned the Thirds of great Benefices, and fome linall ones: Thefe Thirds were ill paid in many Places, and abfolutely denied to be colledled in others. ' At lad a fort of a Form of Policy was fett’ed for the Government of twelve Perfons, half Laity, and half Clergy, which Form approached nearly to the Epilcopal Government. Hamilton, the Popilh Archbilhop of St. Andrews, dying by the Hand of Juftice, Mr. John Dundas was nominated in his Place ; Mr. Robert Boyd was made Archbilhop of Glafgow, Mr. fames Baton Bilhop of Dunkeld, and Mr. Andrew Graham Bifhop of Dunblane. 'Phis was done in Purfuance of the Conclufions that were made in the Affembly that was held at Perth, Augujl 1572. Some of the old Superintendants remained within the Bounds firft af- Cgned them, and the chief Power remained in the General Affembly, who depofed and reftored iVlinillers as they faw goodj as appears by their depofing and reftoring Bilhop Both * 34° %\)t patent State Part 11. •wel. This Power of depofing Minifters was neither granted to- Superintendants, nor to the newly nominated Bilhops. The Earl of Moreton, the next Regent, had been Chancellor of Scotland during the three former Regencies, and fome time under Queen Mary; he was acceptable to Queen Elizabeth, which facilitated his being chofen. But the Church, which expefied to have its Maintenance increafed under his Govern¬ ment, mifs’d its Aim, and was deprived of the Thirds of the Benefices that it had formerly enjoy’d, and was forced to de¬ pend upon the Court for all it received. This made the Minifters join with the Queen’s Friends, and others that envy’d the -Re¬ gent’s Greatnefs; and the Affembly, in the Year 157;, reftrained and leffened the Power which was given to the Bilhops in the Year 1571. Boyd, Archbifhop of Glafgom, and fome other Bilhops and Superintendants, were prefent at that Alfembly. The Bilhops were commanded to betake themfelves to particular Cures, and Baton, Bilhop of Dtmkcld, was deprived for Mifdemeanors. Upon the Death of Archbifhop Dundafs, the Regent nominated Mr. Patrick Adamfin to fucceed him in the See of St. Andrew, but he being defied without the Confent of the Affembly, was prohibited to exercife any Part of his Jurifdiftion, till he fhould be authorized thereunto. The Nobility alfo uniting againft the Earl of Moreton, he laid down, and the King took upon him the Government. In 137S, the Affembly prefented to the Parliament a Draught of Ecclefialtical Polity, for fetting up an exafi Pattern of Prefbyterian Government. It was referred to a Committee, and was not agreed to in all its Articles, but was generally put in Execution by the Authority of the Affembly. In 1580, the Lord Aubigne, a Papift, Coufin-German to the King’s Father, came out of France into Scotland, where the King foon created him firlt Earl, then Duke of Lenox. This difgulted the Kirk exceedingly. The King alfo in Council fufpended feveral Ec- clefiallical Cenfures and Excommunications; many Priells alfo and Jefuits, and others who were relapfcd to Popery, flocked into the Kingdom. Lenox indeed publickly renounced Popery, but the Sufpicions concerning his Religion Hill continued; efpecially after fome Difpetffations from Rome had been inter¬ cepted, giving a Liberty to Papifls to fwear and fubferibe the Confeflion of Faith to be drawn up, in which all the Corrup¬ tions of the Church of Rome in Faith and Rites were particu¬ larly abjured, with a Declaration, that that Declaration was made without any mental Refervation or Equivocation whatfo- ever. This was fwom to by the King, the Council, and the Court; and this is the Declaration which was afterwards renew¬ ed in the Year 1683, by the Name of the NATIONAL COVENANT. The next Year the Great Men contrived to cut off the Earl of Moreton, upon an Accufation of being Mil and Part in the Murder of King Henry (King James VPs > Father) Book I. cf Great-Britain* 341 Father) leaving the Church to fecure themfelves in an Mem" blj at Dundee, where the Office of a Biffiop, as it was then ufed, was condemned, and the Biffiops commanded to defift from the Exercife of their Epifcopal Functions,, till they were re-admit- ed by the Affembly, upon Pain of Excommunication. In the Parliament of 1584, the King’s Declaration concerning the Treafonablenefs of the Surprize at Ruthven was ratified, his Authority over all Perfons in all Caufes confirmed, and the de¬ clining the Judgment of his Majefly and Council declared to be Treafon. ’This is faid to be the firlt Time in which the King’s Supremacy was enafted by the Parliament in Scotland. But all thefe Meafures were overturned by the Pacification which was made in the Year 1585 ; and in 1588, feveral No¬ blemen and others were forefaulted for their being concerned in the Spanijh Invafion. In 1592, Prefbytery was fully fettled and eftabliffied by Aft of Parliament. In that Aft it was de¬ clared, That the Kirk might lawfully hold and keep general Affemblies, once a Year at leaft, provided that either the King's Majefly, or a Commiffioner by him appointed, were prefent at every Affembly, and that before it was diffolved, they nominated and appointed Time and Place where the next General Affembly fhould be kept and held, as it ufed to be in former Times. In the fame Aft was a Claufe refeinding the Aft of 1584, which granted Commiffions to Biffiops and other Judges to proceed in Ecclefiaftical Caufes, ordaining all Mentations to be direfted to the particular Prefbyteries, and requiring that all Matters and Caufes Ecclefiaftical within their Bounds, be tried according to the Difcipline of the Kirk. All this while, the Patrimony of the Church was quite ruined; for in 1578, the Temporalities of Benefices were annexed to the Crown; which at firft pleafed the Church, becaufe they thought the Church-Lands were fafeft in the King’s Hands; but they were foon granted away, and even a great Part of the Tythes, which were thought a Sufficient Maintenance for the Clergy, were leflened by long Leafes for fmall Refervations. They had indeed fome Relief by an Aft in 1592, by which it was forbidden to ereft Kirk-Lands and Tythes into Temporal Lord- fhips j and the Aft which fixed the Stipends o.f the Minifters was confirmed. In 1603, King James VI. fucceeded to the Crown of England, vacant by Queen Elizabeth's Death. Being- then free from the Influence [What is here called Influence, ought to be termed hue, for the King was in a manner Prifoner to the Kirk till he afeended the Throne of England ; and was compelled to pafs all the Afts mentioned for the Eftabliffiment of their AW] of the Kiri, refolved to introduce Epifcopacy into Scot- hnd again 3 and accordingly he nominated Biffiops into every 342 €&e p?efettt ©tate Part ii, s ee, and by his Commiflioners to the General Aflembly, he procur’d their Meetings to be continued beyond the Year, from July 1604, to July 1605; and then the Commiflioners of the Church were order’d to defert the Diet, and make no Indidi. on of another Aflembly, till the King fhould be acquainted with it. Accordingly, the King’s Commiflioner having inti¬ mated his Pleafure to the Aflembly, a few met in the Year 160;, at Aberdeen, and they by Warrant from the Privy-Coun¬ cil were difcharged'by the King’s Commiflioner for meeting in an Aflembly, and he commanded the Aflembly to be dif- folv’d : But thofe that were met, chofe Mr. John Forks frli for their Moderator, and then continued the Aflembly to Stf- tembir following. Upon this thefe Minifters were denounced Rebels, and cited to appear before the Privy-Council, who imprifoned them. But they perfifted in what they had done, and declin’d the King’s Authority as incompetent in that Mat¬ ter, appealing to a General Aflembly as the only proper Judges. [Whether an Englijb Convocation that Ihould have afted at tiiis rate, wou’d not have been Ail’d Rebels?] Here¬ upon they were try’d for Treafon upon the Statute of 1584, which eftablifh’d the King’s Supremacy in Caufes EcdeMi- cal. They defended themfclves upon the Statute of 1592, which gives the Kirk a Right of keeping General Aflembliis, Six of the Miniflers were found guilty of Treafon, and their Sentence of Death was turned into Banifhment. In the Parlia. meat held 1606, the Temporalities of the Bifhops were re- Aor’d, and the King’s Supremacy again aflerted. The Gene¬ ral Aflembly which met that Year, appointed conftant Mo¬ derators in every Prefbytery, and Bifhops for the Time being, to moderate in Synods of the Diocefes, only accountable to the Ge¬ neral Aflemblies. The Ellablifhment of the Church by conftant Moderators, which was made by this General Aflembly, having a great Refemblance to the ftrft Settlement of Superintendants at the Be¬ ginning of the Reformation, might have proved a lafting Settle¬ ment, if the Minifters had not entertained a Sufpicion, that this was only a Cover to introduce fuch Dioccfan Epifcopacy as was in Ufe in the Church of England, which indeed was fhortly after done. For as yet, though King James VI. had filled up the Sees, the Bifhops had no Confecration, nor indeed Ordination from any other Bifhops; and the Difcipline of 1592 wis flill on Foot. In i6to a General Aflembly met at Glafgmu, in which Arch- bbhop Spotfuscod was elefled to prcftde : There the Kings -Prerogative in calling of General Aflemblies was acknowledg¬ ed, Synods were order’d to be kept half yearly, and the Arch- bifhops or Bifhops of the Diocefes were dircfted to prefide in them ; the Jurifdiftion of the Church was wholly committed to their Care; and Minifters at their Admifhon were com¬ manded BookI. of Great-Britain. 343 nanded t8 fwear Obedience to their Ordinaries. This Af- fembly was ratified in Parliament 1612 ; and the Aft of Par¬ liament in 1592 refcinded, fo far as it was inconfiftent with this new Aft. Archbilhop Spotfivood, and the Bifhops of $richen and Galloway were called to Court after the Affembly was up, to be confecrated in England, there not being a fuf- feient Number of Bifhops in Scotland to do that Bufinefs Canonically, fo that upon their Return they might confecrate the reft. To Ihun the Queftion of Primacy, a Commiffion was direfted to the Bifhops of London, Ely, and Bath and Wills, who confecrated them in the Chapel at London-Houje, on the Twenty-firft of 0Sober 1610. The fame Year a High Commiffion was appointed in Matters Ecclefiaflical; one Ar¬ ticle of whofe Inllruftion was, That Ordination of Minifters' fhould only be by Bifhops, affifted by two or three Prefby- ters; and another. That General Affemblies fhould always be called by the King, who fhould be fupplicated for that Purpofe, and that no Minifters fhould be prefent but thofe that were defied by the reft, and that they, the Bifhops, Deans, and Arch¬ deacons, fhould in all Time coming conftitute the General Af¬ femblies. In 1614, Archbilhop Spctfmood profecuted one Ogilvy ajefuir, who was executed for his treafonable Pofitions, and in¬ deed that Archbilhop was always zealous againft Papifts. In i6ij. upon Archbilhop Cladjlone's Death, he was tranflated to St. Andrew's. King James began now to be in earneft with the Primate to eflablifh a Liturgy, and a Book of Canons for the Church of Stodand, by his Royal Authority and the High Commiffion. He defired likewife, that thefe five Articles might be puffed into a Law. I. That the Lord’s Supper fhould be received kneeling. II. That fick Petfons might receive it at home. III. That Baptifm might be adminiftred, in cafe of Necefiity, in pri¬ vate Houfes. IV. That Chrijhnas-day, Good-Friday, Eajler- %, Afccnfion-Day, and Whitjunday, fhould be religioully ob- ferved. V. That Children, well inftrufted in the Principles of Chriftianity, fhould be Confirmed by the Bifliop. And in 1617, he called a Parliament at Edinburgh, where thefe and other Matters, Civil and Ecclefiaflical, were to be fettled. Among the Articles, the King got this to pafs, That whatfoe-ver Conclu - /)« was taken by his Majejly, with Advice of the Archbijhops and Bijhops, and a competent Number of the Minifers, in Matters of internal Policy, the fame Jhouid have the Power and Strength of on Ecclefiaflical Law. Being confident, after that, of Succefs, they called an Affembly in 1618, at Perth, in which thofe five Articles were paffed, which from that Affembly were after¬ wards called the five Articles of Perth. They did not pafs however very eafily ; for feveral Minifters complained, that many of their Number were kept back by Banifhment and Confinement, and that many Noblemen, Gentlemen, and Z 4 fome 344 €&e pjefatt ^tate Part II. feme Minillers, were admitted without legal Commiflions, and font gained by an Augmentation of their Stipends, and others fright¬ ened by the Menaces of the Court. Thefe Articles, thus palled, were publilhed in all Churches, and authorized by the Privy-Council ; many Minillers and Congregations refufing to comply, were called before the High Commifiion, and being enjoined Obedience, declined that Court, as not legally conllituted by an Aft of Aflembly, or Parliament; whereupon feveral were confined, fufpended, ar.d deprived. In Edinburgh the Minillers being changed, Obedience was pretty generally given: But few Citizens, except thofe that were in publick Places, would comply with the Kneeling at the Communion; for which feveral of them were banifhed the City, and confined to certain Places, Thefe Men alledged in their Vindication, that thofe Articles had been condemned by former Alfemblies, that had been ratified in Par¬ liament. In i6zi, the Aflembly of Perth had its proper Ratification in Parliament, but not without Complaints of undue Prariices, and particularly, that Popilh Lords voted by Proxy, who could neither fit, nor vote in Perfon. In 162;, King James VI. died, He was fucceeded by his Son King Charles I. who furrendered all the Tythes in his Hands to the Church, and was faid to defign a Revocation of all Erec¬ tions of Kirk-Lands into Lay-Baronies, with an Intention of bellowing them upon Churchmen, that they, as Abbots and Priors, might vote in Parliament. This dilpleafed the Peers and Barons, who had Interell in thofe Lands and Tythes, ex¬ ceedingly, and put them upon countenancing the difaffefled Minillers, and others, who did not like the Ecclefialtical Go¬ vernment : [This was really the Occafion of the Rebellion in Scotland, in the Reign of King Charles I.] This appeared vifibly in 1633, when the King held a Parliament himfelf: For when he urged, that the Ratification of his Royal Prerogative, and his Right of appointing the Apparel of Churchmen, might pafs by the fame Vote, fome eminent Members agreed to the Claufe of the Prerogative, but diflented to that of Churchmen’s Ap¬ parel, as being apprehenfive that it would bring on the Englfi Surplice. This moved the King fo much, that he called for the Rolls of the Members, and faid, he would mark the Votes ot thofe that Ihould diffent from his Prerogative. The Vote being then competently Hated, twenty-fix confiderable Members dif- fented, who afterwards were very forward in the following un¬ happy Wars. This is a Ihort, and a faithful Account of the Government of the Church of Scotland till the Year 1638, when King Charles I. laboured to introduce the Englijh Liturgy in Sal- land, but without Succefs. The Oppofition made to that At¬ tempt, Book I. OfGREAT-BRITAIN: 345 ttmpt ended in the Abolition of Epifcopacy, and the Re- cBabldhment of Prefbytery [by Rebellion] as it was fettled in 1 rg2. So it continued till 1662, when King Charles II. redored Epifcopacy. The Methods by which the Church and etate were managed in Scotland, in his and his Brother’s Reigns, unfortunately tended to encreafe the Alienations of the People'againft that Government, or rather againft the Men who had exercifed it among them. The Prefbyterians therefore, in 1689, laid hold of that Opportunity, and prevailed upon King William and Queen Mary to edablifh their Church- Government once more by Law ; which Edablifhment itill continues. C H A P. VI. Of TRADE. I Have already (hewed in feveral Counties of Scotland what Plenty there are of Commodities fit for Exportation, as Lorn, Cattle, Hides, Wool, Hemp, Flax, Linnen, Worded, Stuffs, Timber, Tin, Lead, Copper, Allum, Hops, Fifli, Salt, (jr. befides other Commodities that the Inland Parts afford in great Plenty, and would turn to great Account, if improved to the bed Advantage: But their Fifhing is the Branch of Trade which may be carried on with more Eafeand Profit in their own Seas, than can be done by any Foreign Nation whatfoever; by reafon of the Conveniency and Plenty of their Loughs and Harbours, which are dored with almod infi¬ nite Numbers of Fifh : They lie very conveniently for a Trade with Denmark, Sweden, Hamburgh, Holland, Ireland, and Trance ; Spain, which is the bed Market in the World for Fifh, as the Hollanders experience, is not above ten Days Sail¬ ing from them with a favourable Wind. Many of the Na¬ tives of Scotland have not yet arrived to a fufficient Skill in Agriculture ; for which Caufe many Trafts of rich Land lie neglefled, or at lead but meanly improved, to what they might be; and this is the more to be regretted, becaufe there are many Parcels of rich Ground both in Scotland and the Wands, which, if cultivated, would maintain treble the Number of the prefent Inhabitants, and encreafe and pre- ferve their Cattle; many of which, through the Scarcity of Hay and Straw', die in the Winter and Spring for want of 1 Fodder. It has been long obferved, that the Idands of Scotland, efpe- cially the Weftern, lie more conveniently for carrying on, and winging the Fifliing Trade to Perfedtion, than any other Parts of 34 6 €ljep?efeitt^tate Partu K. Charles I. firft began the Experiment, as I mentioned be fore, in Conjunction with a Company of Merchants; foi that Defign mifcarried by the Civil War, which nnliL i broke out at that Time. The next Attempt was made by E Charles II. who alfo joined with fome Merchants, and tbi fucceeded well for a Time. Mr. Martin affures us, from fab as faw the Filh that were catched by that Company, that tie* were reputed the belt in Europe of their Kind, and accordingly fetched a greater Price; but this Defign was ruined thus. Tie King having Occafion for Money, was advifed to withdraw tint which was employed in the Filhery; at which the Merchants being difplealed, and difagreeing likewife among themfelves, they alfo withdrew their Money, and that Defign Iras never been re¬ newed lince that Time. But the Revival of this Undertaking will, in all Probability, be one of the Bleffings which this Illand will reap by the late happy Union. What can’t Englijh Money, and Scotijh Induiby effeft! The fettling a Filhery in thofe Parts, will raife a Nurfery cf flout and able Seamen in a very Ihort Time, to ferve the Govern¬ ment on all Occalions. A new Colony need not be planted to, for the Inhabitants of the Wefiern Illes are reckoned to be about 50,000; many of whom have no Employment, and are gene¬ rally dextrous at the Oar, and only want to be fumilhed will proper Materials for the Filhing Trade, which would encourage the fetting up other Manufactories. The Commodioufnel's and Safety of the numerous Bays and Harbours in thofe Hies, feemas if Nature had defigned them for promoting Trade. They hive fuch abundance of Turf and Peat for Fuel, as would furniih Salt- Pans with Fire all the Year round. The Coaft of each KM affords many thoufand Loads of Sea-ware, which, if preferved, might be fuccefsfully ufed for making Glafs, and likewife Kty for Soap. Several of the Iflands afford great Quantities of line Clay; which, if improved, might turn to good Account in making Earthen-Ware of all Sorts. Cod and Ling, as well as leffer Filh, are to be had on the Coafls of the leffer as well as tie greater Iflands; and what has been faid of the Wejlcn Hies, may be faid likewife of the Ifles of Orkney and Scbethmi. THE O F SCOTLAND. BOOK II. GOVERNMENT. CHAP. 1. Of ike Government of S C O T L A N D in general, l^fl£jOnarchy being the moil ancient Government HifflPl in the World, and moll agreeable to the Peo- WjsytM |k pie of Scotland, it has continued under that jj»!MI Form ever fince it became a diilinft King- dom from South-Britain. It has enjoyed the fame Advantages which have diilinguilhed the ->fjh Monarchy, that it has never been enllaved to the Wjlland Pleafure of Arbitrary and Tyrannical Sovereigns. It '■Mi Hereditary, the Crown" defending from the Father to the 348 €lje latent §>tate Partii. the Son, and to his Heirs ; and for want of Sons, to the eldett Daughter and her Heirs; for want of Daughters, to the Bro- ther and his Heirs; and for Want or Incapacity of a Brother to the Sifter and her Heirs. When the next Heir was under Age, or incapable of Government, the next of the Line to made King, who enjoyed the Crown during his Life; but it did not go to his Sons, but to the Heirs of the former Xing, provided they were of Age, and capable of the Adminiftratioj. In thofe Days Superftition had not blinded Men’s Eyes, or di¬ verted them of Reafon fo far as to think that there was any thing divine or facred in any Race of Mankind which to tx traduce, and propagated from Father to Son in the or¬ dinary Way of Generation. Whatever was facred in King, the ancient Scots aliened it belonged to his Office, and that being derived from the People, they never dreamt it came fan Heaven, as After-Ages did, being deluded by Remijh Pried- craft, whereby every civil Inftitutioh, nay, ever Lands, Per- fons, and whatever the Prieft pleafed, was made facred; aid thefe Artifices the Church of Rome borrowed from the Egjftim and Eajiern Countries, which were ever prone to Idolatry, and fertile in Flattery, as we fee from the facred and pro¬ fane Writers. The Salique Law, or Cuftom of France, Teritj, and other barbarous Countries, have no Force here. It was alfo an independent Monarchy, owning no Subjedlion to tie Pope, or to any other Potentate in the World; nor did tie Subjefts pay Allegiance to any Prince but their own Native So- ' vereign. It is true indeed, the Original of Government in Stilled, is a Point that has been much debated by fome of their ora Hiftorians, who to this Day reprefent it very differently; fome are fo indulgent to the People’s Claim of Right, that ’tis so Wonder to fee their Followers carry it very high on that Side, and derive it exprelly from the People ; who when they were under a neceffary Conllraint by reafon of Wars, transferred their Power to Fergus Son of Eric, and created him their ] firft King: But on the other hand, -fuch Conclufions were drawn from thofe Principles, as were prejudicial to the Right of Princes in general, as well as the Monarchy of Scotland u particular; and this orcafioned a fevere Aft of Parliament againfl: the Slanderers of the King, his Progenitors, and the Ertates of the Kingdom, in the Reign of King Jam VI. The Terror of this Statute, feconded by the Arguments ot great and learned Men, prevailed for fome time ; but within half an Age, the Republicans, or rather the Oppofers ot the Power which the Kings of Scotland had formerly claune, were as rife as ever, and their Libels againft the Monarchy as numerous; but they were fo effeflually oppofed by Argu¬ ments from Antiquity, Law, and the Reafons alledgea a ' gainft them, that they have almoft totally difappeared » look I. Of Great-Bai* ain’. J49' ke prefent Age, the Men of which have univerfally con- ! m n’d fuch Opinions, and now by joining with the Englijk | fettling the Succeflion upon the next Proteftant Heir, have eclared, that they are refolved to maintain that Succeflion,: uder which they have been fo long, and fo profperoufly CHAP. II. 3/ the King of Scotland ; and therein, of his Name, ‘Title, Per fin. Office, Supremacy, and So¬ vereignty, Power and Prerogative, Dominions, Strength, Patrimony, Arms and RefpeS. game,] TT' H E Name of King is contradted from Coning, or Cyning, an ancient Saxon Word, derived horn Knowledge or Ability to do Bufinefs, which is the loblelt Part of Government; the Surname of the Scotifh Kings for 300 Years was Stuart, upon the Account of an Office given to Walter, Father of Robert II. King of Scot- hi, from whom the Kings and Queens of that Race are defcended. He was Grand Senefchat, or High-Steovard, or Sltmrt, of Scotland,, which (as other great Offices) became from a Perfonal Title to be ufed as a Surname of the Kings of S« Ami, and of many illuftrious Families defcended from them, litlf.] The Scots Kings generally took the fame Title as lie higlijh: King Edgar of England ftiled himfelf Bnfdeus, ad fo did King Edgar of Scotland, King John of England dunged the Singular Number into the Plural in all publick Mruments; and foon after King Alexander II. of Scotland did the fame. The common Compellation of the Scotijh hings, was Dominus Rex, and fometimes IllujlriJJimus Do/ni- bigeus, and about King James the Third’s Time, Meticen- &imus. In fpeaking to them they were called Grace, High- up, and at laih Majejly : But their Titles have varied in fome Reigns; for King William I. had the Title of Defender p&e Church given him by the then reigning Pope; as that of Protector of the Chrifian Faith was afterwards conferred (® King James IV. and there was no continued one pecu- I to them except that of. By the Grace of God, King of Scot- tad, England, France and Ireland ; which, till abrogated ?)' the late Union of the Two Crowns, would otherwife »«ve endured to Perpetuity. The King’s only Teliimony 01 any thing done in his Prelence, is of as high a Nature and t-redibility as any Record, and in all his Writs and other ••Wpatches of that Kind, he ufes no other Witnefs but himfelf. 35° .Cfjepjefentgitate Partiil As to what relates to the $erfen, SDffice, $Ot)erticmfJ i&otoer, or ^erogatibe, airroje, 'fcsv.ofthe&v, theiaSF Happy Union of the Two Kingdoms has rendered them one asjl the fame almoft in England and Scotland-, and therefore we! leave, for Brevity, to refer the Reader to what has been I upon the fame Subjefl in the Account of England. ^Dominion#.] The ancient Dominions of the Kings 0 f| Scotland, confidered as an Independant Country divided fromP England, extended over all that Traft of Land which reachesl from the River Tweed tg Carhoom, as has been already de- fcribed; encompaffed on the Weft by the lrijh Sga, on tie' North by the Deucaledonian, on the Eaft by the German Otm; together with all the Iilands that encompafs it to the Weft and to the North, which are of a confiderable Extent, and would lei of vail Advantage to the Inhabitants of Great-Britain, if they were improved as far as they are capable of Improve-1 fBtrengtl),] The great Power and Strength of Sink! may be feen by the Wars which for fo many fucceffive Ags they waged with the Romans, Saxons, Danes, and Englifi ; bit though all the Subjedts of Scotland be obliged to aft the Mo¬ narch in his Wars, yet a greater Enlargement of Power ra added to that Foundation by Two Adis of Parliament. Tie Kingdom of Scotland offering the King to raife an Army of 20,000 Foot, and 2000 Horfe, and to furniih them with 40 Days Provifions, to march into any Part of Scotland, fig- land, and Ireland, or to be employed in any other Service: And thefe Forces, by another Adi, were obliged to pay Obedience to all fuch Orders as Ihould be given them by Mr Majefty’s Privy-Council. And as they were thus ilrong by Land, their Naval Strength would foon have equalled it, were there a fuitable Fund adapted to that Service, Ike they have all the neceffary Materials for Shipping growing in their own Country, and Men and Provifions in great Plenty. fJatrimOnV.] The King’s ancient Revenue conftfted chiefly in Crown Lands, which could not be alienated but by Afl o( Parliament, and in the Wards and Marriages of thofe that held any thing of the Crown ; but of late Years molt of the former have been given away, and moil of the Tenures of the latter changed, though there has been no general Law for taking away the Wards. The Revenues at this Day are raifed and eftimated as follows: The Excife of Ale and Beer is 2 d. Sterling1 l■ ^ per Scots Gallon, now farm’d at 35,000/. ( 3(J coco Sterling, but if exafted in the fame Manner f ‘ ‘ ns in England, may amount to J Tbs I t kI. of Great-Britain.' fit Caftoms have been let at 34,000 /. Sterl.T l. s. d. 4.J lately, in Time of War, for 28,500 /. / with this Condition, that upon the Peace* 50,000 48,000 00 00 fettled at- -—— 5 The whole u 0,000 00 00 The Enfigns Armorial of Anne, late Queen of Mani, before the Union, were, Or, a Lion Rampant, Gules, Aimed and Langued, Azure, with a double Treffure, Flowered and Counterflowered with Flowers-de-Lys of the Second, en¬ circled with the Order of Scotland, the fame being compofed of hi and Tbijlles, having the Image of St. Andrew with his Ciofs on his Bread; above the Shield a Helmet, anfwerable to his prefent Majedy’s High Quality and Jurifdidtion, with a Mantle, Or, doubled, Ermine, adorned with an Imperial Crown, beautified with Croffes Patee and Fltrwers-de-Lys, fiirmounted on the Top, for his Majedy’s Cred, with a Lion Stjiant, full-faced, Gules, Crowned, Or, holding in his Dtx- ttr Paw a naked Sword Proper, and-, in the Sinijler a Scepter, loth erected Pale-ways, fupported by two Unicorns, Argent, Crown’d with Imperial, and Gorged with open Crowns, to the lall Chains affixed, palling between their Fore-legs, and rcHexed over their Backs, Or: He on the Dexter, embracing and bearing up a Banner of Cloth of Gold, charged with the %al Arms of Scotland ; and he on the Sinijler, another Ban¬ ner, Azure, charged with St. Andrew's Crofs, Argent, both (landing on a Compartment placed underneath, from which Hue two Ibifiles, one towards each Side of the Efcutcheon, and for his iVlajedy’s Motto, in a Scroll above all, In Defence; ®d under, in the Table of the Compartment, Nemo me impune The Royal Badges and Ordinary. Symbols of the Kingdom of •tiilond are, A Ihijlle of Gold Crowned. The White Crofs of St. Andrew in a blue Field, the Standard waring, 352 C5e p?efeitt State Partir. As to the Succeffion to the Crown of Scotland, Name, Title Genealogy, &c. of the prefent Sovereign, Account of tie Princes of the Blood, &c. the Reader is defired to confolt tie State of England upon the faid feveral Heads. CHAP. III. Of the Government of the Church of Scotland. T H E Government of the Church of Scotland is Prelbyte- rian, i. e. Kirk-Sejions, Prejlytcries, Provincial Symii, and General Jffemblies. Thefe Ecclefiaftical Judicatures are com- pofed of Deacons, Ruling Elders, and Minifters, who are all re¬ puted as Ecclefialticks in that Church. ©Eaton#.] A Deacon is a Man of good Charafter for Man¬ ners and Undemanding, who having a Competency in the World, is chofen by the Kirk-Seffion in every Parifli, approved by the Congregation, and fet apart by the Minifter folemnly before tie Congregation, after a Sermon and Prayer for the Occafion, for his Office, which is during Life, unlefs he mifbehaves himfelf in the Performance of his Duty. His Bufinefs is to colledl the Offerings for the Poor at tie Church Doors, when there is a Sermon, which is the only publick Way in Scotland of providing for the Poor: To en¬ quire into the Neceffities of the Parilhioners, to vifit and take an Account of the Condition of poor fick People: To ac¬ quaint the Kirk-Seffion with their Cafe; and to diftribute to them as the Kirk-Seffion ffiall appoint; to affift at the Com¬ munion ; to attend the Minifter and Elders in the Vifitation and Examination of his particular Diftridt: In Kirk-Seffions le has no Vote, only may give his Advice, if alked, except in Mat¬ ters relating to the Poor : Nor has he any Stipend from tie Pariffi. IRltling (JHtiet#,] A Ruling Elder fhould be a Man of a fpotlefs Charadter, and of the principal Quality and Intereft in lit Parilh.' But no Perfons of Quality ever fit in any Ecclefiaftical Ju¬ dicatories, unlefs they be Ruling Elders, their Quality otherwiie giving them no Title to a Vote in thofe Courts. He is chofen out of the Parilh by the Kirk-Seffion. The Con¬ gregation approves of their Choice, after a Scrutiny full made into his Life and Manners: The Minifter ordains him before tm Congregation, after Sermon and Prayer on purpofe: His Office is for Life, in cafe of no Mifdemeanor on his Part. His Bufinefs is to affift the Minifter in Overfeeing and Cor¬ recting the Manners of the People: To attend him in Vifitmg and Catechifing his own Diftrift in the Parilh: In praying w® the Sick: In private Admonitions, and at the Communion- Book II. Of Great-Britain. 353 Table : He is a Member of the Kirk-Seffions, in which he has a Vote in all Bufinefs, and may be chofen to affift in any other Church Judicatories, and in all Matters of Government and Dif- tipline, has an equal Vote with the Minifter. . finifftrtf, or JDjmcljing JD’EJlbpterAj Their Office in- dades the Offices of .Deacons and Ruling Elders. Befides, they only can Preach, Adminifter the Sacraments, Catechife, Pronounce Church Cenfures, Ordain Deacons and Ruling Elders, affift kt the Impofition of Hands upon other M millers; and moderate dr pre- lide in all Ecclefiaftical Judicatories. Befides the Mihifter’s Qualifications of Life and Manners, of which fdvere Scrutinies are always made, he ought to be compe¬ tently learned in the Scriptures, the Learned Languages, and all' forts'of Divinity. The Presbytery always tries him before he can klicenfed to preach, in order to obtain a Call to be a Minifter of any Parifh ; and ufually in Scotland, all their Minifters have lad Acadcmick Education, and have commenced Matters in Arts. None are ordained till they have obtained a Call to' a particular flock, which when obtained, they cannot defert without the Au¬ thority of a Presbytery, or fome fuperior Judicatory. Pluralities, Curacies, and Non-Refidencies, are not pradifed in Sr otiaiid: To be guilty of the laft, merits Depofition. When a Parilh wants a Minifter, the Heretors arid Elders, and in Royal Burghs the Magiftrates, and Kirk-Seffion, and Heretors, choofe a Probationer, i. e. one liccnfed by a Presbytery formerly to preach, or an ordained Minifter, whom they pleafe, to be their Pallor. Him they propofe to the Presbytery, defiring them to appoint one of their Number to preach and prefide among them: When the Call is to be figned in a publick Meeting, the Ikribn to be called is then named to the Congregation, who ap • prove, or difapprove, with giving Reafons, of which the Presby- tSry is the Final Judge. If the Call be agreed to by the Congregation, the Minifter prefent attefts it by his Subfcription in their Prefence, and then reports it to the Presbytery, who acquaint the Perfon concerned writ it as foon as p'offible. If the Call is accepted, and the Per- fOn not ordained, he again undergoes the fame Trial which he w when he was made Probationer. If in' the Trial he fatisfies tse Presbytery, they then iflue out an Edid, i. c. an Order, that all who can objed aught againft this Nominee, ihould appear be¬ fore the Presbytery, there to make good their Allegations. If the Objedions are of Weight, or even doubtful, the Ordi¬ nation is fufpended,' till a more perfed Trial, otherwife they pro¬ sed to Ordination. Upon the Ordination-Day, a Fail is ftridly kept ttf implore uods Bleffing upon the Work they are about: The Moderator peaches upon the Nature and Dignity of the Minifterial Office; I examines the Perfon to be ordained, of his Faith and Aflent, 51!: Doctrine and Difcipline of the Kirk, of the Motives of A a hi# 354 flje IP^efent §tate Parts, liis coining into the Miniftry, and whether by any indirect Means lie has obtained that Call; of his Refolution to do his Duty faith, fully in that Station, and to. obey the feveral Judicatories of the Church in the Lord. Upon his anfwering to the Moderator’s Satisfadlion, the Parilhioners are called upon to ratify their Choice ty lifting up of their Hands. When that is done, the Moderator goes from the Pulpit into the Middle of the Church, and there he and the other Minifters then prefent, lay their Hands upon the Head of the Perfon that is to be ordained, and fo ordain him Minifter of the Gofpel, and Pallor of that Congregation. The Ordination being over, the Elders, Heritors, and chief Parilhioners, take their Minilter by the Hand. If the Nominee had been or¬ dained before, he is only recommended to the People with a Ratable Sermon and Prayers by the Moderator, and the People take him by the Hand. A Parilh is bound to nominate in fix Months after a Vacancy, othenvile the Presbytery fills the Place jure devalues ; but that Privilege does not hold in Royal Burghs. The Stipend for Minifters, at the very loweft, Ihould, by A8 of Parliament, be eight Chalders of Viftual, or eight hundred Merks Scots; and the Stipend of the Minifters of Edinburgh was, till of late, 2500 Merks; but now it is enadted by the Town- Council of that City, that none, who (hall hereafter become Mi- nifter there, (hall have more than 2000 Merks, or 111 /. is. 2 L Sterling. A Minifter that enters upon his Charge before Whitfunday , lias on that Day a Right to the whole Year’s Stipend. If he enters between Whitfunday and Michaelmas, he has half, and his Pre- deceffor, if tranflated, or depofed, has the other half. But if his Predeceflor ferves till after Michaelmas , he hath the whole of that Year’s Stipend. The Widow, Children, and neareft Kin to the Defunft have a. Right by Aft of Parliament to an Annate, i.e. half a Year's Stipend over and above what was due for his Incumbency. So ex. gr. if he dies between Whitfunday and Michaelmas, half is due for Incumbency, and half for Annate. If after Michnelm , there is a whole Year’s Stipend for Incumbency, and half the next Year’s Stipend for Annate j the Annate is equally divided between Widow and Children, and in Default of both it goes to the neareft Kin. It is liable to pay no Debts, and cannot be de¬ viled by the Incumbent's Will or Affignation. • &irk read and examined, and altered, , if Need be, and then ap¬ proved finally by the Houfe. Then the Moderator figns it in rheir Prefence, and delivers it to the Commiflioner, who fends it “ !a 'y to his Majelty. Though the Bufinefs is ufually done by Committees, yet any Member may propofe what he pleafes in Alfembly. When a Motion is made, or any Bufinefs is bought in by a Committee, the Moderator names two dr three of the molt eminent Members to fpeak to it; after whom any Member may fpeak that pleafes. When the Debate is over, it. u put to the Vote, and carried, Agree, or Di/agree, bytheMa- Onty, * ' 6 ' Aa 3 Matters 35 8 €fje Piefcnt State Part ji, Matters of great Weight, that bind the whole Church, are Sit brought in by way of Overtures, and then debated in Houfe ; after which, if approved, they are tranfmitted to ev Presbytery in Scotland, who return their Anfwers by their Co*, miflioners to the next Affembly, who, according as they foj them approved by the Presbyteries, pafs them into Aftsof fembly, or rejeft them. Once every Affembly a Dyet is appointed, to infpeft the A™ of the Provincial Synods, as they had before infpeded the?* ceedings of the Presbyteries. Before they arife, they nomin a.Standing Commiffion of Minifters and Ruling Elders, chofem of every Synod to attend the Affairs of the Church till the n Affembly meets. Of thefe twenty-one is a Quorum, of wh fifteen mull be Minifters. The Moderator of the Affembliest derates in the Commiffion, if prefent. They are obliged to the firft Week of every Quarter all Parliament-time, [but in there are no Parliaments,] and as often elfe as they (hall think fit. They have the Power of an Affembly in all Matters referred to them from it; regularly they can adl in nothing but what is recommended from the Affembly, but then that Recommenda¬ tion often includes a General Claufe, empowering them to aft in every thing that may be for the Good of the Church. They ai accountable to the next General Affembly, and therefore keep Regifter of their Proceedings. When the Affembly are to rife, the Moderator tells them, that it is Time to diffolve themfelves, and appoint another Affembly in the Name of their Mafter, the Lord Jefus Chrijl: Then he fpeaks to the Commiflioner in the Name of the Affembly, who returns an Anfwer, and then diffolves them in the King’s Name, and fixes Time and Place of the New Affembly, which is ate; to be within a Year and a Day after the Diffolution of the oldoi The Moderator then prays, and the Affembly lings a Plaint, af which the Moderator bleffes them, and they arife. idarocfttai tfijaminationtf and Catecljifing.] Before e« Communion the Minifler vifits and examines every Family in hi Parilh, once at leall; of this, the Lord’s-Day preceding. Not is given, that every Diftrid may know when he intends to v them. He is accompanied with the Ruling Elder and Deacon pf the particular Diftrift, and carries a Regifter Book with him, in which the Names of all the examinable Perfons are entered. When he comes into any Family, he alks what Addition or Di¬ minution there is fince he was there laft: If any Addition, he de¬ fires the New-comer to produce his Teftimonial of Life and Man¬ ners from the laft Place of his Abode, without which, by feveral Affembly-Ads, no Man can be admitted as a Member of any Congregation. Upon producing fuch a Certificate, his Name b regiftered: Upon failing, he is commanded to procure one, elfe he can be no Member of that Kirk To live fix Weeks in a Parilh makes a Man a Parilhioner, after which, if he leaves it, he Book n. of Great-Britain. 359 mult get a Certificate of his good Behaviour, figned by the Mi- jjjet, or Kirk-Seflion Clerk, in the Name, and with the Con- fent of the Kirk-Seflion. If the New-comer only removes from another Family in the Parifh, his Name is transferred in the Re- rilier (or, as they call it, the Examination-Book) to its proper place. Then he marks the Children, and enters them in his Examination-Book, if they are of a fit Age. He then exhorts every one to a drift Obfervance of their refpeftive Duties, and particularly to Family-Prayer, Reading the Scriptures, and Sing¬ ing of Pfalms. To omit Family Prayer is efteemed very fcanda- ioas; and the Omiflion of it is often punilhed with Excommuni¬ cation. At parting the Minifter ufually prays with every Family. Vifitation being over, the Minifter gives Notice when he will examine the Perfons marked in his Book'. Every Diftrift comes to Church by themfelves at the Time appointed, and the Mini- 8», accompanied with the Elder and Deacon of that Diftrift, examines them in order as they ftand in the Examination-Book. He examines them out of the Shorter Catechifm, and if the Perfon anfwers, he catechifes upon thefe Queftions, and inftrufts them in what is difficult. He marks alfo at every one’s Name how they afar. Adults, who have been often examined, are not catechi- fed, when they are found to be fufficiently knowing; this Exer- cife being chiefly intended for Children and ignorant Perfons. $;eacl)tng and ^ublick Every Lord’s Day there ispublick Worlhip twice in every Parilh-Church in Scotland-, the Method of which is this: In the Morning, about Ten o’Clock, the Congregation meets, aid when the Minifter is come, a Pfalm is fung, which is read and tuned by the Precentor ; after which, the Minifter prays, and then reads a Chapter or two out of the Bible, which he expounds for about half an Hour; this is called LeSluring ; then another Pfalm is fung, and then another Prayer; after which Sermon be¬ gins, which ended, there is another Prayer, and another Pfalm, and then all is concluded with the Minifter’s Blefling. Service is ufually done by a Quarter after Twelve. In the Afternoon they meet about Two: The Order is the fame as in the Morning; only there is no LeBttring. The Afternoon Sermon ought to be about fome Queftion in the Shorter Catechifm. In moll of the Royal Burghs and Towns there is once a Week a Week-day Sermon befides: In Villages only once a Fortnight, and in fome Places only in Summer-time. They ufe no Inftrumen- tal Mufick, nor have they any Forms of Prayer: But in the Di~ the Lord’s-Prayer is recommended to be ufed, and general Wes are there fet down for Prayer, Preaching, Singing, and Adminiflration of the Sacraments. Baptifm.] This Sacrament is adminiftred by none but the Minifter, who does it by fprinkling only, not Immevfion; whe¬ ther it be adminiftred at Church or at home, there is always a Sermon before it. The Father, if he lies under no publick A a 4 Scandal, 36ft. €&e Relent ^tate . Part n, Scandal, and in his Abfence, Lome reputable Neighbours prefer the Infant to the Minifter, who a(ks the Parent, if he delirestle Child fhall be received into the vifible Church, and receive tie Signs and Seals of the Covenant of Grace by Baptifm ? Uponhh anfwering Yea, the Minifter difcourfes concerning the Nature of Baptifm, commands the Parent and the Congregation to flick to their Baptifmal Vows, bids the Parent educate his Child in tie Fear, Nurture, and Admonition of the Lord, and adhere to tie Proteftant Religion as contained in die Scriptures, the Cmfijia of Faith, and the Shorter and Larger Catechifm. This being promifed by the Parent or Prefenter, the Minifter craves a Bid- Ping upon the Ordinance, and fprinkles a little Water on the Child’s Face, in the Name of the Father, the Son, and of the Helj Gkjl. 3 LorD'£«j 9 U!>per«] Some Time before the Lord’s Supper is adminiftred, the Congregation is to have Notice of it from tie Pulpit. The Week before, the Kirk-Sefiion meets, and dram up a Lift of all the Communicants in the Parifti, according to tie Miniftcr’s Examination-Book, and the Teilimany of the Elders and’Deacons. According to this Lift, Tickets are given out to the Elders to give to the Communicants, if required : The Mi¬ nifter and Elders give Tickets alfo to Strangers, who bring fnffi- cient Teftimonials; and none are ever allowed to communicate without fuch Tickets, which are produced at the Table. Thofe that never received, are inftrufled by the Minifter, feverally and by themfeives, in the Nature of the Sacraments, and taught what is the proper Preparation thereunto. ' The Communion is always celebrated upon the Lord’s Day: The Wednefday or TkurJ'day before there is a lolemn Fall, and on the Saturday there are two preparatory Sermons. On Sunk] Morning, after Singing and Prayer as ulual, the Minifter of lie Parifh preaches a fuitable Sermon ; and when the ordinary V.’or- fhip is ended, lie, in the Name of jefus Chrift, forbids the Un¬ worthy to approach, and invites the Penitent to come and receise the Sacrament. Then he goes into the Body of the Churcl, where one or two Tables, according to its Widcnefs, are placed, reaching from one End to the other, covered with a white Lin- nen Cloth, and Seats on both Sides for the Communicants. The Minifter places himfelf at the Middle or End of the Table, on which the Elements are placed. After a fhort Difcourfe, he reads the Inftitution, and blefles the Elements. Then lie breaks the Bread, and diftributes it and the Wine to thofe that are next him, who tranfmit them to their Neighbours; the Elders and Deacons attending to ferve, and to fee that Tilings are done decently and in Order. Wliilii thefe receive, the Minifters difcourfe concern¬ ing the Nature of this Sacrament. When the firlt Company has received, they withdraw, and others take their Places; and whilll the Companies are fitting, a t’falm is fting, and fo they contnm e till all Lave communicated. The Minifter then returns to^ the Pulpit, ar.d difcourfes concerning tire particular Cafes cfCom- Book II. of Great-Britain.' 361 nunicants; and with- Thankfgiving and Singing of Pfalms'the Morning Service is concluded. Then the Congregation are dif- jiilTed for an Hour, and fo meet again, when they have the ufual Afternoon-Worfiiip ; and on Monday about Nine o’Clock in the Morning, there is publick Worfiiip and two Sermons, which dole the whole. . . On thefe Occaiions the Parilh-Minifter is aififted by two or three of his Neighbours, and feldom preaches oftener than the Morning of the Sacrament-Day. There are no private Com¬ munions allowed in Scotland. ■ No Holy-days are obferved in Scotland befides the Lord’s-day, which is obferved with great Exadlnefs. Fails and Thankfgivings they likewife obferve j in the appointing of which, though they attribute a Power to the Church, yet they generally have the Santtion.of his Majelly’s Privy-Council, that they may be the more religiouily kept. SartiagCfl.] Marriage is folemnized by the Minifter. None can’marry that are nearer than Coufin-Germans; and prohibited Degrees in Blood, hold alfo in Affinity. ■ Banns are always allied three feveral Lord’s-days in Churches where both Parties live, before Marriage can be contrafted; and the Minifter that marries any Perfons, ought to.have fufficient Proof that Banns have been already proclaimed. The Form of Matrimony is not unlike that ufed in the Church of England. The Minifter firft prays, then difcourfes upon the , Initiation, Ufe and Ends of Marriage, ar.d the Duty either Party owes to other; after that he afks the Congregation if they have aught to objeft, and charges the Perfons to be married, to declare before the Great God, if they knovv of any legal Impediment v.hy they Ihould not be lawfully married. • If no Impediment he acknowledged, the Minifter commands them to join Hands, the Man faying, I A, do take thee B, to be my married Wife; and I til, in the Prefence of God, and before thefe his People, promife to It a loving and faithful Hujband unto thee, until God fhall fepa- ratc us by Death. Amd the Woman faying, / A, do take thee B, . Is be my married Ettjband; and 1 do, in the Prefence of God, and before thefe his People, promife to be a loving, faithful, and obe¬ dient Wife unto thee, until Godfhall feparate us by Death. Then the Minifter pronounces them to be Man and Wife, and concludes all with a Prayer. ^’Obationcr.] No Man can lawfully preach in Scotland, un- lefs he be licenfed by a Presbytery fo to do: And fuch Licence they rarely give to a Student in Divinity, unlefs he has firft been admitted to Trials. When a Student in Divinity brings a Certificate from a Pro- feffor in an Univerfity, of his having performed his Exercifes to Approbation, and of his Manners, he is immediately tried by the Presbytery. Other.yife, if he has not ftudied at an Univerfity, 362 €&epjeretttS>ttftt Partii. they appoint a Committee to try him before they try him by them, felves. The Trials of Probationers are Private before a Presbytery, and Publick before a Congregation, the Presbytery being prefert The private Trials are a Homily or two, and an Exegefu, a Theological Subjett is given in to the Presbytery in Thefes, aid the Probationer anfwers any Objettion which any MiniHer in lit Presbytery makes againft thofe Thefes. They examine in tlie languages, and in Eccleftaltical Hillory, and they put what Ej. tempore Queftions to him they pleafe. The publick Trials are a Popular Sermon, and an Exercife and Addition, i.e. a Ten is handled half an Hour logically and critically, and for half an Hour more pradtically. If in all thefe he approves himfelf to tie Satisfaftion of the Presbytery, he figns the Confejjion of Faith, and owns the Prelhyterian Government to be the only Governmit of the Church within Scotland, and promifes Obedience to tie Judicatories of the Kirk; after which the Presbyteiy give him a Licence to preach. Though a Probationer may immediately after his Licence accept a Call to be a Minifter of a Pariih, yet it is ufual to flay a Year before he is ordained, and in the mean time he can only preach and pray; but has no publick Maintenance, nor can he adminiHer any Sacrament. , $?0teffant ©iffentertf*] They are chiefly the Epifcopalkm, The reft for Numbers and Intereft are very inconfiderable. Thefe are either Lay or Ecclefiaftical. Lay Epifcopalians enjoy al the fame civil Privileges with the eilablilhed Church: They are under no Reftridtions, are obliged to no Tells; but are employed in all Places of Trull, either Civil or Military, only taking tie Oaths to the Government. Epifcopal Minifiers, fince the abolilhing Epifcopal Govern, m'ent in Scotland, were for fome Time paft liable to feveral Penal Laws, and were frequently difturbed and interrupted in their he- ligious Aflemblies, and their Minifiers profecuted for reading the Englijh Service in their Congregations, and for adminillring the Sacraments according to the Form and Manner prefcribed in the Liturgy of the Church of England; which the Parliament of Great-Britain taking into their ferious Confideration, to prevent fuch Diforders, and preferve the publick Peace, in the tenth Year of the Reign of her late Majefty Queen Anne , Enaffed, That for the Time to come, it lhall be free and lawful for all thofe of the Epifcopal Communion, in that Part of Great-Britain called Scot¬ land, to meet and aflemble for the Exercife of Divine Worlhip. to be performed after their Manner, by Pallors ordained by a Protejiant Bifiop , and to ufe in their Congregations-the Lime of the Church of England, without any Let, Hindrance or Di- ftu'rbance from any Perfon whatfoever, in any Town or Phre £ > except Parilh-Churches, within the Extent and Jurifdiciion of that Part of Great-Britain called Scotland ; and alfo to baptise Chu- [Book II. Of Great-Britain.' 363 Acs, and folemnize Marriages, under certain Reftriftions, Limi¬ tations and Qualifications, in the faid Aft mentioned, and required. Ri/e the Aft. ietijoo Of IMcipline.] The Difcipline of the Church is lezulated by two AJfemhly A3s s one dated April 4, 1705 ; in which it is Enafted, That in Cafes of grofs Scandal, where the Peifons guilty appear oftner than once before the Congregation, the Kirk-Seffion mall declare to them, that they are unworthy of the Communion, or command them, penitent or not, to appear in Publick, to be rebuked for their Sin, according to St. Paul's Command, 1 Tim. v. 20. After fuch Rebuke, the Minillers and Elders Ml inftruft them in the Heinoufiiefs of their Sins; and when they are fatisfied that thefe Offenders are truly penitent, Ihall admit them to a publick Profeflion of their Repentance, in order to Abfolution. If they continue impenitent, the Kirk-Sef- Con Ihall confult its own Prefbytery, who, if they fee Caufe, (hall command the Sentence oflejfer Excommunication to be denounced againft them before the Congregation, which fhall continue till the Seffions are fatisfied of their Amendment. And this Sentence, istobe intimated the Lord’s-Day next before the Adminillration of the Sacrament. The other AJfemlly-Aft bears Date April 18 , 1717. In that the whole Form of Procefs, with relation to Scandals , Cenfures, and dhfolutions, is fet down. Nothing Ihall be efteemed fcanialous, but what is accounted fo by the Word of God, or by fome Aft of univerfal Cuftom of the Church of Scotland agreeable thereunto. If a Scandal is not no¬ tified in five Years, it fhall not be revived fo as to form a Procefs there anent, unlefs it becomes again flagrant; but in fuch Cafes theConfciences of the Offenders ought to be dealt with in private, to bring them to a Senfe of their Sin and Duty. All Church Judicatories have Power to convene, examine, and cenfure every Perfon within their own Pounds, in all Ecclefiaftical Caufes cognizable before every fdch Judicatory. Perfons living without the Bounds of any Judicatory, fhall not, for Order-fake, be cited by them, but they fhall defire the Ju¬ dicatory, under whom fuch Perfons live, to caufe him to appear before the Judicatory, before whom the Caufe is to be examined. Minillers are not fubjeft to their own Kirk-Sejftons, but to the fuperior Judicatories of the Church. When Scandals arife, the Minifler Ought firft to be confulted, that fo private Admonition may be ufed according to St. Matthew, xviii. 15. in order to gain the Offender, and fo prevent the fpreading of the Scandal, by which he may be hardened, and Religion difhonoured. In Caufes where Perfons or Parties are concerned, the Court Mull firft give them a legal and timely Citation in Writing, fetting forth the Caufes, either at the Inftance of the Complainant, or by Order of the Court. If the Perfon refides in the Parilh, forty-, eight 364 €lje $?efettt ©tate Partii. eight Hours Notice is fufficient, and then the Officer muft certify his proper Execution of the Summons, by calling the Party at his Door. This the Prefbyteries and the Superior Judicatories are very carefully to obferve. No Man is to be declared contumacious till he has been three times cited, either perfonally, or at his Dwelling-houfe, if the Caufe be tried at the firft Inllance. But if it be in the Cafe of a Reference or Appeal, where the Perfon had aftually appeared already before an inferior Court, a Citation apui dfta to appear before his Superior, is fufficient if it be minuted ; and ifinllruft. ed, infers Contumacy if not obeyed. Though in thefe Cafes a Man may forthwith be denounced contumacious upon his Non-appearance, and not producing any Relevant, {i. e. fufficient Excufe) yet the Court is advifed to examine and try the Caufe, either by WitnefTes upon Oath, or otherwife, before they pronounce the Perfon cited contumacious. If the Party appear, the Moderator is to acquaint him with the Caufe, and to give him, if defired, a Note of the Caufe, and the WitnefTes that are to be made ufe of. In Proceffes, where there is no formal Complainant, there is no need of Accufers or Informers, but the Party cited is peremp¬ torily to anfwer the Queftions put to him by the Court; but then if he be acquitted, the Court, whether he require it or not, ought to cenfure the Informers for Calumny or Impudence. ' When WitnefTes are to be examined, the Defender ought to have a Lift of their Names fome Time before his Appearance, or then at leaft. They ought alfo to have timely Notice, that they may appear and give theirEvidence. Upon their Refufal to ap¬ pear after three Summons, they may be proceeded againft as contumacious, and Application may be made to the Civil Ma- giftratc to oblige them to appear. Before the WitnefTes can be judicially examined, the Party ac- cufed is to be called, and the Relevancy of the Libel {/■ e. what he can objedc in his own Vindication) difcufled. if the Court thinks the Objections to be relevant, the WitnefTes are to be call. An Informer may be Witnefs where he does not formally com¬ plain for his own Intereft, or where there are no pregnant Pre- fumpdons of Malice in the Accufation, WitnefTes, even where there is no relevant Objection, mull purge themfelves of Malice, Bribe, good Deed done or to be done, and partial Counfel. WitnefTes are to be fworn and examined before the Moderator, and the Perfon accufed; and if he appears, the Perfon may defue to have the WitnefTes crofs-examined, when they have given in all their Evidence. Before the Proof is made, the Perfon accufed may offer Ground; of Exculpation i. e.. may bring WitnefTes to deal’ his Innocence, which, if he infills upon, muft be allowed. If the Excnlpatm be fully proved, ex. gr. if the Libel be fpecial as to Time and Book II. Of Great-Britain. $65 Place, and he can evidently prove himfelf to have been other¬ where at that Time, lie mufl be acquitted. But after Depoft- tions are once taken, there is no room for Exculpation. Witnefles mufl: fubfcribe all their Depofitions either at length, jf they can write, and if they cannot, the Moderator fubfcribes for them. Depofitions being taken, the Parties withdraw, and the Matter is calmly debated by the Prefbytery alone by themfelves. Fugitives, whilflProcefs is depending, mufl firft be cited to ap¬ pear Irom the Pulpits of their proper Parilhes, then from the Pul¬ pits in every Parifh in the Prefbytery: If they do not at laft ap¬ pear, they are to be declared Fugitives from Church Difcipline, and that Declaration mufl be intimated in all the Bounds of the Presbytery; and Procefs is to flop till Notice can be got of thofe Perfons. In cafes of Drunkennefs, Difobrdience to Parents, Sahbaih- irteimg, Swearing, Curfmg, Scolding, Fighting, Lying, Cheat- iif, or Stealing, the Perfons guilty are ordinarily admonifhed in private only, for the firft Offence. For the fecond Offence they ought to be judicially rebuked by the Sefiion, and on Promife of Amendment, there they are to Hop. If no Amendment follows, the Kirk-Sejpon ought to pro¬ ceed to the Sentence of Lejfer Excommunication, under which the cafured Perfons are to lie till Amendment appears. Jfthe guilty Perfon lying under this Sentence neglefts to take, it of, arid ftill relapfes into the Vices for which he is cenfured, it may be conftrufted to be fuch a Degree of Contumacy as may merit the greater Excommunication, which may accordingly b'c irffSed or not, as fhall be judged convenient. In cafes of Uncleannefs, where there is no Child, the Kirk- feliion ought to be very cautious how they admit a publick Pro- cels without good Warrant, unlefs the Scandal be very flagrant. If a married Woman, whofe Husband has been known to have been abfent longer than Women go with Child, be with Child, it may give Ground for the Kirk-Scffion to proceed againft her ; but then, in fuch cafe, they ought to aft prudentially, and to en¬ quire into her former and prefent Fame. If an unmarried Woman be with Child, the Kirk-Sejfton ought to proceed againft her; and if (lie will not declare the Father, tney may pronounce her contumacious. If fhe does declare the lather, the Seffton may deal With him privately, if they judge it •or Edification, to bring him to an Acknowledgment of his '-rime. When the delated Father, i. e. the Man whom the Woman toirgcth, appears, he is examined, and if he denies, is confront- jo with the Woman, and treated with Mcekncfs privately, to “totg Inin to' confefs: If he perfifls, the Prefumptions are care- tuny weighed; and if he cannot clear himfelf, the Court are to exhort ium to be publickly rebuked' therefne. If he will no: fitbmit 36$ €fje parent Part ii. fubmit to that, it is advifed that a Narrative of the Cafe belaid before the Congregation, and that Procefs fhould flop without proceeding to higher Excommunication. But if he requires ib he may purge lumfelf by Oath, of his not having any canid Knowledge with the Woman who accufes him; and this Oath the Presbytery may admit, if they (hall judge it to be for Edfa. tion, and removing of the Scandal. But the Presbytery are ad. vifed to aft with great Caution in this Matter, and never to prefs any Man to take fuch an Oath, and never to accept it, bat (vita Frefumptions create fuch Jealoufy, that nothing lefs than die Man’s Oath of Purgation (hall remove the Scandal, and even then, the Selfion is never to give this Oath, but by Advice of die Presbytery. This Oath may be taken before either the Kirk-Selfions, die Presbytery, or the Congregation, as the Presbytery lhall deter¬ mine : And if it be taken before the Selfion of Presbytery, tie Congregation muft be publickly acquainted with it, that fo tie Perfon accufed may be declared free from the alledged Scandal. | When this is done, the Woman is to be prefs’4 to declare tie true Father; and if Ihe will name nobody elfe, (he is to be cen- fured according to the Quality of her Offence, without naming the Perfon whom Ihe before delated. If a Woman with Child declares Ihe knows not the Father, fat was forced in a lonely Place, her former Behaviour muft be exa¬ mined, and if her Character has been clear, Ihe may, by the Con- lent of the Presbytery, clear herfelf as if Ihe were upon Oath; if fhe owns Ihe was not forced,- but knows not whether the Man was married or unmarried, Ihe lhall be cenfured as in cafe of Adultery. If a Perfon voluntarily confeffes Uncleannefs, where there is no Child, the Selfion mull: proceed warily, and examine the Pie- fumptions carefully, and enquire whether any By-End might not move the Perfon to make that Confelfion. And if there appear no Grounds for the Confelfion, the Perfon confelfing is to be cen¬ fured for defaming himfelf, and llandering his Neighbour; and the Civil Magiftrate is further to be dcfired to proceed again!! him according to Law. ' When the Perfons concerned in an Accufation of Uncleannefs live in different Parilhes, Cenfures are to be palled where the Wo¬ man lives, or where the Scandal is notorious. If the Scandal is committed where neither Party refides, as at a Fair, or Market, Procefs is to go out where the Perfons abide, unlefs that be at a great Diftance, and' the Scandal be greateftin the Place where it was committed. The Selfion where the Scandal is committed, are to acquaint the Selfion where the Parties refide of the Procefs, and they are obliged to require the Parties to appear before that Selfion where that Scandal is to be tried-. Book II. Of Great-Britain. 367 If the Cenfuie of Lejfer Excommunication be inflidled upon a Man in a foreign Seflion, where he does not live, it is enough, to upon Notice, which muft always be given, the Cenfure be intimated in his own Parilh. If a Man be abfolved in a foreign Seffion, he muft bring a Teftimonial of his Abfolution, and caufe it to be intimated in the Congregation where he lives, if the Scandal has been alfo flagrant toe: Otherwife Intimation to the Seffion will be fufficient. All Perfons that think themfelves injured by a Sentence of a Kirk-Siffmi, may appeal to the Presbytery'of the Bounds: But llismult be done when Sentence is pafs’d; the Appellant muft give in his Appeal with his Reafons to the Clerk of the Seffion, to within ten Days to the Presbytery: If at the Time of hear¬ ing, the Appellant fails, the Appeal ipfo faSo becomes null, ai the Appellant is to be proceeded againft as contumacious by tl t Kirk-SeJJion. If the Matter oPthe Appeal be of fuch a Nature as would in Code of Difcipline have come to the Presbytery before it could have been finally determined, they taay, to lave them¬ felves Time, fall immediately upon the Merits of the Cade, without concerning themfelves whether the Appeal be rightly nude or not. But if it is a Caufe determinable by a Kirk-SeJJion, and they lave proceeded regularly, the Presbytery ought not to accept of tie Appeal. If the Presbytery refufe the Appeal, and find that the Appel¬ lant was too blame to make his Appeal, they are to inflift fome Cenfure upon him as a Punifhment for making that unneceflary Appeal, and to fend him back to the Kirk-SeJJion , that he may abide by what they do, or have done already. If they accept the Appeal, and in the Courfe of the Procefs find the Appellant cenfurable, let the Cenfure of the original Scandal be what it will, yet he ought to be cenfured for appeal¬ ing, either before the Kirk-Sejton , or the Congregation he be¬ longs to, that fo Presbyteries may not be burthened with — if the Presbytery find that the Kirk-SeJJion have wronged tie Appellant, either by encreafing the Scandal, or cenfuring without Caufe, they are to acquit the Appellant, and to take care' that his Innocence be cleared in the Place where he has been injured. But this is to be done with great Prudence, that fo whilft they clear the Innocent, they may not weaken the Authority of the Kirk-Sejfwn with their Congregation, if they can help it. Upon fuch an Emergency, the Presbytery may give the Kirk- Inltruftions, and private Admonitions, and may vifit their Rcgificr. . 1 he fame Method is to be ufed in Appeals from Presbyteries to -ynods, and from Synods to Affemblies. 368 Clje $?cfent State Part it . An Appeal being made, the Execution of the Sentence appealed from, is to flop till the Matter be difcufled by the Court appealed to, or till they throw it out. Cafes of Inceft, Adultery, Relapfe in Fornication, Murder Atheifm, Idolatry, Witchcraft, Charming, Herefy, or Error publickly vented, Schifm, and fome others, though they properly begin at the Kirk-Sejjwn, yet are not determined there. Buttle KirhSrjjion, if they find Ground for a Procefs, perfuade these- cufed Perfon to fatisfy the Church by Confeffion, which when done, they fend an Extraft of what they have done to the Pref. bytery. If there be no Confeffion, the Kiyk-SeJJion are not to examine into the Merits of the Caufe till the Presbytery commands it. When by the Presbytery’s Order they examine the Matter, their Examinations are to be laid before the Presbytery; who then may inflidt what Cenfure they pleafe. ' If the Perfons accufed acknowledge their Faults, and exprefs Sorrow for their Offence before the Presbytery’, they are then to determine the Cenfure, and to appoint Time and Place in which they are to profefs their Repentance, which ought to be where the Procefs began that Scandal there given may be removed: Or elfe they may remit them to the Seffion, to receive Orders from them. Scandals ought to be removed in the Congregations where they have been moil flagrant. But though the Kirk-Scjjion may h: applied to for a Relaxation, yet no Abfolution ought in thefe Cafes to be granted, but by Advice and Order of the Presbytery. Proceffes againft Minifters begin always before their Presby¬ teries, and never before the Kirk-SrJJioh of their own Parilhes. Presbyteries are carefully to coniider how Complaints arife againft Minifters, and they ought not to receive any Informations, sinlefs either the Informer engages under his Hand to make the Libel good, on Pain of being cenfured otherwife as a Slanderer, or the publick Cry be fo great, that they are obliged to begin the Procefs without any particular Accufer. When a Procefs is to be begun, the. Presbytery are firft to con¬ iider the Libel, and the Witneffes who are to prove it r then they muft cite the Peifon accufed, either perfonally, or at his Dwell- ing-Houfe; and they are to allow him ten Days at leal! tojuilily himfelf. When the Day of Trial comes,' if he appears, they are to read the Libel to him, and he is exhorted to give in_ his Anfwer, which the Presbytery is to difeufs. If they find Caute to infift, they are to admoniih him to glorify God by an ingemons Confeffion. If he confeffes, and the Matter be grofs, and fuch as ought to be cenfured in another Man, let him appear never fo penitent, the Presbytery are inflantly to deprive him, and to ap¬ point him a Time in which he is publickly to profefs his Repent- ance before his own Congregation. Book II. Of Great-Britain. 36^ But if he abfents, he is to be cited again by his own Church ivhen the Congregation is met, and then if he continues contuma¬ cious, and makes no relevant Excufe, he is to be holden as con- feffed, and to be depofed and cenfured iniiantly with the Leffer Ixnmmmcatm. And if Hill he appears not, the Judicatory may proceed to Greater Excommunication, if they fee Caufe. If he appears, and denies the Faft, the Presbytery are to examine the Witneffes, and to hear what he can object againft their Depofrtions. He may hear the Examination, and cro'.'s in¬ terrogate, but with Modelly: The Reputation of the Witneffes ought alfo to be enquired into; and then if the Judicatory thinks the Scandal is fufliciently proved, they are to proceed to Depri- ration, as above. If the Accufation relate to Praftices deltruftive of the Peace and Unity of the Church, or to falfe Doftrine, the Presbytery are diligently to enquire into the Underllanding and Knowledge of the Witneffes: If the Errors be not grofs, and not pertinacioully adhered to, they ought mildly to endeavour to reclaim without cutting off, and if the Matter will admit of Delay, they may ad- vife with their Synod, or the General Affembly. When Complaints are made for many fmall Things, fuch as Arts of Negligence, and the like put together, the Presbytery are to vifit that Parilh presbyterially, and there enquire whether any of tliefe Things were committed before their lad Vifitation ; and if they were, whether Information was then made of them ; and if no Information was then made, why if was made now ? But if the Offences were committed fince the laid Vifitation, then the Presbytery is to enquire whether the Minilter has been ac¬ quainted with them, and whether he has given Offence that Way, fmee he knew Offence had been taken. They fhould enquire alfo, whether any Neighbour Minillers had been prudently and privately informed of thefe Offences before they came to be fo many and fo publiclc, and they are to judge accordingly. If upon Trial it be found that thefe Offences have proceeded from Infirmity, or Paffion, they are with all pofftble Circumfpcc- tion to endeavour to fatisfy and reclaim both Minifter and People, and do away the Offence. ■ When a Minifter is depofed, the Sentence ought to be intima¬ ted in the Congregation, and the Church declared vacant; and they ought to put another Minifter into it forthwith, it being almoft impoflible that he fhould do any good there for the future. Nor is he again to be reftored to the Exercife of his Miniftry, till he has given full and long Proofs of the Sincerity of his Re¬ pentance. The laft Sentence which the Church inflifls upon the moft ob> ffinate Offenders, is the Greater Excommunication: That is, the Expulfion of the Offender from the Communion of the Faithful, 2 debarring him from all the Privileges of Church Memberfhip, M in the Words of the Apoftle, a Delivery of him over to Satan. £ b This 37° Cfje Jp?Efcnt €>tate Part n. This .Sentence is ordinarily executed upon none but thofe that obflinately continue in manifeft Contumacy, unlefs where the Scandal is notorious and horrible, and that to (hew the Church’s Abhorrence of fuch Wickednefs. In ordinary Cafes the Lejfer Excommunication only is infiifled •' and then before the Kirk-Sejpon executes it, they lay a full yl count of the Caufe in Writing before the Presbytery, that they may be thoroughly apprifed of the whole Matter. If the Pref. bytery finds that the Kirk-Sejpon has proceeded regularly, and that the Lejfer Excommunication is not fufficient, they cite the fcandalous Perfonby their own Officer. If he appears, and denies the Accufation, they examine Witneffes, as in other Cafes. If he appears not, and contemns the Citation, they order him to he cited three Times, and after that, another Time out of the Pulpit; and Intimation is made that the Judicatory will proceed and enquire into the Caufe, even though the Delinquent be abfent. When this is done, the Miniller of the Parilh where the fcan¬ dalous Perfon lives, does by the Presbytery’s Order acquaint the Congregation with the Steps which the KirbScJfun and the Pref- bytery have taken in that Affair, and with the Offenders Contu¬ macy ; and (if prefent) the Miniller admonifhes him to repent and fubmit to the Church-Difcipline, threatening him othenvife with Excommunication. This Admonition is to be repeated thee times, and the Presbytery are to meet between every Admonition. If he Hill continues obltinate, the Presbytery commands publick Prayers to be put up for him three feveral Sabbath-Days, the Presbytery alfo meeting between each publick Prayer, both to (hew their Tendemefs towards their relapfed Brother, and to ilrike a Terror of this dreadful Sentence into the People. If then after all this the Offender continues (bill impenitent, the Presbytery paffes Sentence, and commands the Miniller to publilh it upon fome Sunday which they (hall name. When tie Day comes, the Miniller either in a Sermon on Purpofe, or after Sermon, acquaints the People with the whole Procefs, and de¬ fires them to join with him in Prayer, that God would blefs bis own Ordinance for their Edification, and for the reclaiming tie obftinate Sinner. He then, with great Gravity and Authority, pronounces the Cenfure in the Name and by the Power of oar Lord and Mailer Jefus Chrilt. But if any Time before the Sen¬ tence paffes, the Offender exprefies Signs of Repentance, tie Miniller may delay to pronounce Sentence, and lay this Matter before the Presbytery, who may proceed farther as they lhall lee Caufe. Sentence being palled, the People are exhorted not to hold unnecelfary Communication with this Man, though Excommu¬ nication diffolves no civil or natural Rights, nor does it exempt from the Duties belonging to them. Book II. of Gr e at-Br i ta i n; 3 yi If when all this is done, it be found ineffeftual for the Pur- pofes thereby intended, the Civil M agitate ought to be defired to ufe his coercive Power to fupprefs all fuch Offences, and to vindicate the Difcipline of the Church from Contempt. . The End of Church-Cenfures being the Repentance of the Sinner, if he (hews real Signs of godly Sorrow j and if, upon Application to the Prejbytery firft made, they give a Warrant for his Abfolution, he is to be brought before the Congregation, and there confefs his Sin, and, exprefs his Sorrow for it. This is to be repeated as often as the Prejbytery and Kirk-Sejjton fhall judge convenient When the Congregation is thus fatisfied of his Repentance, the Minifter is, in a Prayer with the Congrega¬ tion, to defire our Lord Jefus Chrift, who has inftituted the Or¬ dinance of Excommunication, t. e. of Binding and Loofing the Sins of Men upon Earth, with a Promife of ratifying above the rightful Sentence that fhall be paired here below, to accept of this Man’s Repentance, to forgive his former DhTobedience, and to affift him with his Spirit, that he may never again relapfe into the like Offences. And then Prayer being ended, he pro¬ nounces the Sentence of Abfolution, by which he wholly takes of the former Sentence, and receives him into the Communion of the Church, and the free Ufe of all the Ordinances of Chrift. Sentence being paffed, the Minifter exhorts him as a Brother to Perfeverance in his godly Refolution, the Elders embrace him, and the Congregation thence-forward communicate with him as a Member of their own Body; and where-ever the Sentence of Excommunication had been publifhed, the Sentence of Abfolu- - tion is alfo exprefly intimated. In all Matters of Church-Difcipline, there never is one Penny of Fee or Reward required or taken: Citations, Examinations, Cenfures and Abfolutions, are never experifive in the leaf): to the Delinquent, nor have any Members of any Ecclefiaftical Judi¬ catory in Scotland any manner of Gain thereby: Nor is there any civil Penalty incurred by being cenfured by the Church, all the fevere Laws againft excommunicated Perfons, formerly in Force, having been repealed fince the happy Revolution. Burials,] The Church of Scotland ufes neither Funeral Sermons, or any publick Prayers at the Burial of their Dead. CHAP. Book II. of Great-Britain. 373!, 5,0?D*Cl)SltlCjlU$.] The firfi Officer of State was the Lord' Efi-Lbancellor, who by venue of his Office was Prefident of all Courts whereof he was a Member, except the Exchequer, Vifa the fhefaurer was prefent. This Office was a Place of great Truft and Honour, for the Ck«cilie r took Place next to the Princes of the Blond: He was Kupr of the Great-Sea! of the Kingdom, upon which was en- mventhe King’s Image on Horfe-back, and on the Reverfe tie Royal Arms. He had always attending him two Gentlemen, who rode in the Coach with him, and walked bare-headed be¬ fore him that bore the Badges of his Office. The M Atten¬ dant who walked next him, carried a large Crimfon Velvet Purfe, having the Royal Arms in very rich Embroidery of Gold and Silver, and from thence was called the Purfe-bearer. The fetond, who carried a large mafly Silver Mace, finely gilded, i and from thence was called Mace-Bearer. And both thel’e had conftderable Allowances for their Fees. The Chancellor had tie Power of Calling and Adjourning the Dyet of Privy-Coun¬ cil, and in the Interval of an Adjournment, if Occafion required, could convene the Privy-Council. Sometimes this Office wap granted during Life, fometimes only during Pleafure. TheG«a/-6W, whereof the Lord-Chancellor vies Keeper, be¬ ing only appended to fuch Writs as were difpatched and regif- tered at the Chancellary, it may not be improper to give a ihort View thereof. Of old the Dues of this Office belonged to the Chancellor, and ' the Director of Chancellary was his Clerk, but now the DireSlor is appointed by the King, and has his Commiffion under the Gnat-Seal, and aRighttotheProfitsoftheOffice. The DireSlor and his Deputies caufe to be writ and regiiter’d all Charters, Pa¬ llet! of Dignities, Gifts of Offices, Remiffions, Legitimations, foth-Brieves, Prefentations, CommiJJions for Brieves, Retours, Precepts thereon, and all other Writs of whatfoever Nature and Quality, the fame which by Law, Cuftom, or Warrant of the King, are appointed to pat's the Great-Seal, or Tejlimonial there, oft commonly called the Quarter-Seal The DjreSar has the Cnflody of this Quarter-Seal, and appends it to fuch Writs which pafs under it. In all Writs extended in the Chancellary, the Direltor and his Deputies do obferve a certain Formula, which they keep in Record by them, and is called the Order of the Chancellary. ftOdtblHjefaurer.] The fecond Officer of State was the lord High-Phefaurer, Comptroller, Collector, and Recei-ver-Gene- which was an Officer of great Honour and Profit. He took Place of all the Nobility, and, as the Badge of his Office, car- ^ " a White Rod in his Hand, and had a Mace carry’d before i»in, and was Prefident of the Exchequer, though the Chancellor "«e prefent. 374 Clje patent state Part ir, $>?ib^£eat.] The third Officer of State was the h Privy-Seal: He is rank’d before the Nobility, next and inn diately after the Prejident of the Privy-Council: He has theCu- ftody of the Privy-Seal, which is appended to all Charters that pafs the Great-Seal; for the Precept thatpaffes the Prhj-Stol is the Warrant for the Great-Seal. The Privy-Seal is alfo ap¬ pended to Seal-Writings which pafs no other Seals, fuch as Gifti of Efcheat, Ward, Non-Entry, Marriages, and of feveral Office, As the DireSor of the Chancery writes and extends all Writs that pafs under the Great-Seal, fo there is alfo one Commloi ated by the King, to be Writer and Clerk to the Priny-Su who writes and regifters all Writs that pafs that Seal. Of oil, they were not regittered ’till after fealing, but now they aren giftered before fealing. JLOgft Secretary.] The Fourth Officer of State was the Ini Secretary, who took Place of all of his Rank; that is, if he was Duke, of all Dukes; if Marquifs, of all Marquiffes, ail lb forth; and whatever his Quality were, he took Place of tie four leffier Officers of State . 3L0£& slRtgifier.] The Fifth Officer of State was the lit Pegijler, who is Clerk to the Parliament, Convention, ‘Ihifotq Exchequer and Seffion, and Keeper of all the Publick Record) Regifters and Rolls. He hath Power to conftitute Deputies ii all thefe Offices; and likewife has the Power of appointin; Clerks for Regiftration of Seifmes and Admiffions of Notars. All which being Lucrative Offices, he receives large Compofitioj when any Vacancy falls; for albeit, he has only his own 06c during the King’s Pleafure, yet he has Power to grant Dftlit *M»-during Life. All the Clerks of Scotland are appointed to tranfmit the ti¬ gs ft ers of their refpeftive Courts to this Regifter, and the Ms their Protocols. All the Regifters are kept in two lower Root in the Parliament-Houfe, where the Regifter keeps fome unit him, daily attending ; and the Records are fo orderly difpofd that, upon Demand, the Liedges can have a View of any Writ which the Law requires neceflarily to be regifter’d, or whit Parties for the Security have thought fit to record; and naf alfo have Extra&s, which is of unexpreffible Advantage to the Liedges for Security of their Eftates. atofodtate.] The Sixth Officer of State was the Ift Advocate-, he is always a Perfon chofen by the King, moll emi¬ nent for Eloquence and Knowledge of the Laws; for to him be¬ longs the giving the King and his Minifters Advice in making and executing laws. He is to defend the King’s Right and Intereft in.all publick Meetings by Law and Reafon. He is d* Purfuer of all capital Crimes before the Jufticiary, and likewife concurs in all Purfuits before Sovereign Courts for Breaches of the Peace; and alfo in all Matters Civil, wherein the King 01 his Donator has Intereft: But he intents no Procefles of T' a ' 35$ C&epjefeitt State Parti), whereof the Majler of Requefts was one, now confounded will the Secretary; and fo the 2 'reafurer is now come into the Pl ar , of the Comptroller. ' Suffer Of tty i|0U®0lD.] This is a Place of great Dignify in Scotland, and by Inheritance belongs to the Duke of Amir, and as a Badge of his Office he carries a Button covered With Crimfon Velvet, powder’d with Gold ThilUes, adorn’d with Imperial Crowns. This Office appears to be the fame with the Dapifer or Senefcballus, who was Dominus Domi Regis, and at terwards was called Senefcballus Scotia. And after the SenefckU, came to the Crown, thefe Officers were called Magijlri Hofpnii Regis. itog’0 3S®er.] This Office is equivalent to that of Mailer of the Ceremonies of England, for he was anciently the Intro- dudtor of Ambaffadors tq the Kings of Scotland-, he alfoat¬ tended the King or his High-Commijftoner, and by vertue of his Office rid in the folemn Cavalcade to Parliament: ’Tis an old Office, and b.elongs Heritably tq the Family of the Cockkm \ of Langton. ^eralD’jS HDffiCC.] The firft Conftitution of this Office was certainly defign’d to reward, with Coat-Armour, and proper Badges .of Honour, fuch as had done great Service to their Prince and Country, the King at Arms being the competent Judge of the Bearer’s Merit. The Title of King at Arms is Lion, fo called from the Royal Bearing of Scotland. He holds his Office by Patent under the Great-Seal; and there are con- fiderable Fees belonging to it: He attended formerly on the Parliament, aflifted on Coronations, and ftill walks or rides in Proceffions and Cavalcades: He is at all folemn Proclamations, and wears on thofe Occafions a rich Coat of Arms, ar.d fome- times a long Crimfon Robe; and at Coronations he wore a Crown gilt: He has a rich Foot-Mantle, and fuitableHorfe- •Ornaments at Cavalcades, and Batroon Semee of Thirties: Hers Principal Herald of the Order of St. Andrew, or the ThiJIle, and wears the Order in Gold about his Neck, hanging down on his Bread: He has Power to give, and difference Arms; he admits all the Heralds, Purfuivanls and Mejfcngers at Arm ; and of old admitted both Macers and Trumpets: He holds tw» folemn Head Courts in the Year, on the 6th of May, and the 6th of November, when all Mejfengers are obliged to appear be¬ fore him, and at other Times as often as he has Occafion to call one: He has one or more Deputies, who ordinarily lit with himthe Heralds alfo fit and vote; but though the furfit- and Tuto- ries, and to revife and compound them in the fame Manner as was done by the Lord High-Treafurer, Commiffioners of the Treafury, and Court of Exchequer in Scotland before the Union, and to receive Refignations in his Majefty’s Name in die Ex- chequer at the Time of the Union, and to appoint Officers, ® was in Ufe to be done before. All Serjeants at Law, Bafflibrs at Law of five Years Handing in any of the four Inns of Court 0 England, or fuch Perfons as fiiall be Advocates in the College 0 /aftice in Scotland for five Years, are qualified to be suw®,®' Book II. Of Gr e at-Br i t ain.’ 387 rons of this Court. Their Commiffions are SJuamdiu fe bene ftjfmnt. gctje Court Of iDmiralt))] Is as ancient as in moft other Kingdoms of Europe: And the Office of Lord High-Admiral of Scotland has been ufually intruded with Perfons of the greateft Quality in the Nation. But concerning the Antiquity and Method of Proceedings of this Court, there are unhappily veiyfmall Accounts remaining: For the Records of the Court being carried up to London by the Ufaper Cromwell, after the Reiteration of King Charles the Second, when they were fent back again to Edinburgh, the Ship (in which they, with other ancient Writings were lodged) perilhed in the Voyage 5 fo that though the Scotijb Lawyers mention in their Books very ancient Records of the Admiralty Court, yet there are none now extant older than 1511 j when Mom Hepboum, Earl of Botbnuel, was created Lord High-Ad¬ miral of Scotland: He was fuCceeded by Francis Earl of Both- ml t and there are two Books extant of Records in his Time, one from 1547 to 1559 ; and the other from 1559 fo 1561, in which the whole Tranfe&ions of the Admiralty, and the Sen¬ tences both Civil and Criminal pronounced during thofe Years are contained. In the Year 1603, Loicmick Duke of Lenox, Coufin to King Jams VI. was created Heritable Lord High-Admiral of Scot¬ ian!, which Office continued in his Family till the Death of Charles Duke of Lenox, who died in the Year 1672. That He¬ ritable Office devolved thereby to King Charles II. as his next Heir, who conveyed it to Charles Duke of Lenox, his Natural Son, Heritable as before, with a Refervation of a Term for Life to James Duke of York j which he retained till the Revolution. In 1693, WilliamTiake of Hamilton was made Lord High-Ad¬ miral of Scotland, including the Dies of Orkney and Sehetland ; and after his Death, the Admiralty was managed by Commiffion- te, till King James Vllth’s Death. Upon which Charles Duke of Lenox was qualified as Lord High-Admiral of Scotland-, and upon his Refignation of his heritable Offices into her Majcfly’s Hands, David Earl of Weems was made Lord High-Admiral of fotland, with an Exemption of the Ifles of Orkney and Sehetland, in which Poll he continued till the Union. The Court of Admiralty in Scotland is by a particular A£l of Parliament (AS 16. Pari. 3 Car. II.) declared to be a fupreme Court, in all Caufes competent to its own Jurifdiftion; and the lord High-Admiral is declared to be the King's Lieutenant and Jultice-General upon the Seas, and in all Ports, Harbours, and Creeks of the fame, and upon frelh Waters and navigable Rivers, ™ow the firft Bridge, or within Flood-mark. So that nothing competent to his Jurifdiftion can be meddled with in the M In- dance, but by the Lord High-Admiral, and the Judges of his wort, Sentences palled in all inferior Courts of Admiralty, may 388 €lje Latent §>tate Partii; be brought again before his Court, but n» Advocation lies from it to the Lords of the Seflion, or any other Judicatory, unlefs ia Cafes not Maritime. No Sufpenfion, or other Stop to the De. crcets of the Admiralty can be paffed, except by the whole Lonh in prafentia, in Time of Seflion, and by three Lords met toge¬ ther for that End in Vacation Time. And if they find that this Sufpenfion was unjultly procured, they may give Damages to the Perfons aggrieved, over and above the Expence of their Plea before the I.ords of the Seflion. The Admiralty Court may alfo review their own Adis, wherein they are controulableby no other Court; and in this Power they are veiled by that Adi of Parlia¬ ment in the Admiralty Court of Scotland, by the XIXth Article of the Union, only fubjedt to fuch Regulations and Alterations as the Parliament of Great-Britain fliall think fit. The Caufes competent to the Admiralty Court of Scotland, are thefe among others: Revealing the King’s Secret over Sea in Time of War; Caufes relating to Pirates and their Abettors, Out- traders and Refetters ; fortifying the King’s Enemies, and harm¬ ing his Friends; breaking of the Admiral’s Arreftments and At¬ tachments, and refilling his Precepts; feizing prohibited and tin- cuftomed Goods imported or exported; punilhing Forellalleis, Regraters, and Dearthers of Com, Fifh and Drink; Fire-wood carried over Sea; pleading before another Court in Matters be¬ longing to their Jurifdidlion; determining in other Courts there¬ upon ; procuring Pafles and Certificates in Maritime Caufes, other than from the Admiral ; exporting beyond Sea, Traitors, Re¬ bels, Rogues and Fugitives from Juftice; hiring and freighting foreign Ships, when their own would have done; throwing Sana or Ballad into Harbotlrs or Channels,, whereby they may he choaked ; Ship-wrights or Boat-makers extorting upon the Sub- jefls; taking away of Buoys, or cutting of Cables; ufing filfe Weights and Meafures at Sea ; committing Murder within the Jurifliflion' of the Court; not appearing at the Muflers in Time of War, which the Admiral has Power of appointing at Plea- fore, at which all Inhabitants within a Mile of the Coal! are obliged to appear, under what Penalties he thinks fit. Punilk ments of Offences committed within his Jurifdidlion by Marinin, the Amercements of which fell to him ; as do alfo Wafts, Strays, and Deodanas, and Wrecks, befides his Share of lawful Prizes, Lagan, Flotfon, and Jetfon, and all Royal Fifhes. In fhort, all Maritime Caufes are triable only before this Judge (for the Ad¬ miral never judges in Perfon) who is therefore ltiled Judex So- prtmus Curiae Admiralitatis Scotia. Caufes are tried in that Court by the Civil Law (which is pro¬ perly in fuch Cafes the Common Law of Scotland) in which alfo they are affided, for deciding of particular Cafes, by the Laws of Oleron, Wijly, and the Hanfe Fomins, and the later Conffitutions of Anifieriam , and other Towns of Holland. BookII. of Great-Britain. 389 Alexander. Boyne of Logie is Secretaiy to the Earl of Weems, Lo rt ) Vice-Admiral and Agent for the Trade of Scotland-, but tuny Noblemen and Gentlemen.are conftituted Admirals-Depute of fcveral Places in the Country by his Lordlhip,' and are fre¬ quently changed at his Pleafure j and generally the Magiftrates of Sea-Coalt Towns are appointed Deputy-Admirals within their o\m Precincts; and fuch Englijb Men of War as come up the Mb, for guarding and fecuring the Coails, receive their Orders from the Lord Provoft of Edinburgh. The Judge’s Salary is too/. Sterling a Year by Aft of Parlia¬ ment ; and for every Decree which he pronounces, whether Con- Imnator or Ahfolvilor, he has a Fee, as the Lords of Seflion and Judiciary anciently had, before their Salaries were afcertained upon appropriated Funds. The Judge alfo has Fees for all Paffes and Safe-condufts granted to Ships, and a Gold Penny for every newShip, or new Mailer of a Ship within Scotland. The Clerks have the Dues of all Summons of Precepts and of all Extrafts of Decrees, and Afts of Sentences that are paffed in that Court. Attendant upon the above-mentioned. Courts, efpecially on the Lords of the Seflion, is the College of Advocates; of which take the following Account. Of the College or Faculty of Advocates. a Of allocates.] Immediately after the Inftitbtion in, a certain Number of Perfons, of the belt Repu¬ tation, Knowledge and Experience, were appointed to plead in ail Aftions before that Court, who were called General Procura- im of the Council or Advocates. Their Number was at firlt but ten; and when any were wanting, the Number was to be fup- plied by Advice of the Lords of Seflion: But in Procefs of Time, Bulinefs increafmg, the Number of Advocates increafed likewife ; fo that now their Number is 180. Of thefe 140 conftantly at¬ tend the Houle; many of the reft are Gentlemen of good Eftates, « 4 o entered into that Body with no other View than the Honour of being Members of it. The whole Society goes commonly under the Name of The Faculty of Advocates. They meet every Year the firlt Tuefday in January, at which Time they choofe their an¬ nual Officers, namely, the Dean, freafurer, Clerks, Private and Publick Examinators, and a Curator of their Library. The Dean's Oflice is to prefide in all their Meetings j and upon any extraordinary Occafion, when the Faculty cannot be con- vei| ed, he aflumes to himfelf a certain Number of the molt in- teliigent and experienced of the Faculty as a Council, to look "ter the Interefls and Concerns of the Society. Though his Of- w >s annual, yet the fame Perfon is ufually eledted again, and is Jat dy changed. 390 CIjelMefent State Part n. The Treafurer has the Cufiody and Management o£ their Stock which arifeth from the Dues pad by fuch as are admitted into tic Society, and he is frequently continued for feveral Years. The Clerks are two of their own Number, who attend their Meetings by Turns, and take Minutes of their Proceedings, and give out Extrafls of the Orders of the Faculty under their Hand; they are not frequently changed. The Manner of Admiffion into this Society, is by a Trial in the Civil Law, and fometimes, tho’ rarely, by a Trial in. the Scots Law. The Perfon defiring to be admitted, having upon a Petition obtained from the Lords a Recommendation, or ita mit to the Dean of the Faculty, he giveth a Remit to the private Examihators, who are chofen annually, and fwom to be faith ful in their Office. They are nine in Number, and after their Eleftion they divide the Body of the Civil Law into nine Parts, each taking one; and having appointed a Dyet for Examination, where feven at leaft mull be prefent, they all of them examine the Candidate ; and thereafter the Quellion being put. Qualify, Yea, or No, they give their. Opinion by Balloting; upon which the Candidate is either admitted, by figning his Petition, or remitted to his Studies. After the private Trial, the Can¬ didates being recommended by the primate Exaainalon, the Dean affigns him a Title of the Civil Law for the SabjeS of his Thefes. And having obtained a Dyet, i. e. a fet Day for his publick Trial, he diftributes his Thefes among' the Ahrnles eight Days before; and on the Day appointed, the Faculty be¬ ing met to the Number of 25 (which is a in all their Meetings, except in the extraordinary Difpofal of Money, and then the faid Quorum is enlarged to 45): Three at lead of the 15 publick Examinators, chofen annually for that End, difpute againft the Candidate’s Thefes, and afterwards the Faculty give their Opinion by Balloting as in the private Trial ; and if he is found qualified, the Dean is defired to affign him a Law, for the Subjeft of his Speech before the Lords. For which End, having a Day allowed him, he appears in the Inner Seffion-Houfe, and j it allowed to Band in one of the Lord's Places covered, while he makes his Harangue; after which he is admitted by taking j of the Oaths to.the Government, and one to be faithful in his j Office. j For the Ufe of the Society, the Faculty has a very valuable Library of Books, firfl founded about the Year 1680. It was at firft intended for a Library of Books in the Civil Law chiefly: But that End being in a great Meafure obtained by a very large Colleftion made of that Kind, they began to furnifh their Li¬ brary with Books of all Kinds of Literature, and of late have made a confiderable Colleflion of MSS. relating chiefly to the Hiflory of the Bland; and have purchaled a carious Collcftion of Greek, Roman, Saxon and Scoti/h Medals, which the inge¬ nious Mr. fames Sutherland had with great Labour collefled, Book II- flf Great-Bkitain. 391 together with feveral Pieces of'Roman Antiquities, and a very B |!e Colleflion of Books relating to both: All which are de¬ rated in their Library, which is kept under the Outer Seflion-. ftoofe. The Charge of this Library is committed to one or more, and at prefent to three of their Number, who have a Deputy, that gives conllant Attendance in the Library at certain Hours. 6 Beiides the Keepers, there are three Curators of the Library, oae of which goes off yearly, and his Place is fupplied at the yearly Meeting. Their Office is to infpedl the State of the Li¬ brary from Time to Time, and to give Direftions for purchafing fach Books as they judge proper, and to review and approve the Accounts of them when bought. The Tacuhy of Advocates enjoy a great many valuable Privi¬ leges in common with the reft of the College of Juftice ; but have, by the late Treaty of Union, this fpecial Privilege, that hereafter none (hall be named by his Majefty or his Royal Suc- ceffors to be Ordinary Lords of Seffion, but fuch who have been Advocates or principal Clerks of Seffion for the Space of fee Years, or who have been Writers to the Signet for the Space of ten Years, having two Years before their Nomination to be a Lord, undergone a private and publick Trial on the Civil lam before the Faculty of Advocates, and have by them been found qualified for the faid Office. By a late Aft of the faid Faculty, Mr. William Forbes, one of the Advocates, being au¬ thorized by the Lords of the Seffion, is to write the Decifions of every Seffion during the fucceeding Vacation, under the Title of the Journal of the Seffion, Sc c. for which he has a Salary frtun the Faculty; and the faid Journal is to be lodged in the Faculty's Library, for the Ufe of the Lawyers before another Seffion begins, Ihe Court of Chancery. The Court of Chancery, with the Proceeding therein, is fup- pofed to be one of the Englijh Cuftoms which were brought Home by King James I. who Hved in an eafy and honourable Confinement there for fome Years in the Beginning of his Reign j fo that we are not to expeft any Records of that of a more ancient Date than the faid Period; yet fome Authors af¬ firm, that there was a Chancery before James I. but own that it was much improved and enlarged by him after his Return from Writers to the Signet. There is at prefent about one Hundred ordinary Writers to «ie Signet, who only can fubfcribe all Writs that ordinarily pafs C c 4 the 392 Clje $? : cfeut PartII;i the Signet : Of whichNumber about Thirty- are Commiffionesl to the Society, appointed by the Lords Secretaries; for managiJ the Affairs of the Society, and for judging and- trying offthti Abufes and'Mifdemeanors of the Members thereof, and puni&l ing Delinquents according to the Degrees of their Offence, eveal to the Depriving them of their Office as Writers to the Signet. Of the aforefaid Number of Commiffioners, five, with one of the Keepers, are a Quorum ; and they are appointed by the Sc. cretaries of State at their Pleafure. Intrant Writers to the Si;, net obtain firft a Commiffion from the Secretaries, and then ap¬ ply by Bill to the Keepers and Commiffioners, reprefenting after what Manner they have qualified themfelves for being Writers to the Signet, and craved to be tried. Upon which a Com- mittee is appointed to examine them, who make a Report to the Keepers and'Commiffioners; and if they be found qualified, they are admitted, and have an Aft of Admiffion delivered to them: They take an Oath h Fideli, and fign the Rules aid Contiitution of the Society, which they are bound punftually to obferve. Of the Government ^/Counties, j&lKtifftf and j&tuatfS*] In every County or Shire in Sal- land , anciently the chief Magiftrate was the Sheriff, who was the ordinary Judge in all Caufes Civil and Criminal within his Jurifdiftion, fubjeft only to the JuJliciary, before the Inffitu- tion of the College of Juftice; he is Hill ordinary Judge in leffer Caufes, but the greater ones are referved to the Juflidty by Statute. The Sentences which the Sheriffs give, may he reduced or fufpended by the Lords of the Seflion, who can’alfo call before them any Proceffes depending before a -Sheriff. Queftions-concerning Marches, and Controverfies arifing'there anent between Neighbours, are cognizable properly before him. All Breves and Precepts out of the Chancery are direfted to him for infeoffing Heirs in Lands held by their Predeceffots: And there are feveral fmall Dues belonging to the Crown, which they are obliged to pay into tire Exchequer. Mofl Sheriffdoms were anciently Heritable, and many are fo ffill.- The Office was never Annual; fometimes for Life; ufually, when not Heritable, j only durante hene plcicito of the Sovereign. Some JuriMioas are called Stuarties, and the Stuart has the fame Power in them as the Sheriff has in his Shire. Two of thefe Stuarties, Kir■ j endbright and Orkney, fend Members to Parliament. In Kyle, fome Part of the Propriety of the Great Stuart of Scotland, who was always the King’s Eldeft Son, was erefted into a Stuart, t>f itfelf. The Stuariy of Annandale was the Property of Beta i and Mac Duff's Mate in Fife, is called the Stuarty of Fife- Courts Of IRegalifr.l Befides thefe Courts there are other Coqrts of Regality, where, by Vcrtue of a Royal J un .®^y I Book II. OfGREAT-BRTTAIN. 393 • veiled in the Lord of the Regality; .they have many Immuni- Land Privileges. Thefe anciently belonged to the Ecclefi- allicks, and .were appropriated to fuch Lands as they were pof- tfed of in Property and Superiority: But of late many great Men have thofe Regalities granted to them. Bat thefe Burghs of Regalities being no Edate, nor having the Power of Pit and Gallows, they only try Caufes arifing in their own Liberties. Here are alfo Baron-Conrts; every. Baron that holds a Barony of the King, has fuch a Court, in which leffer Caufes are tried, a»d they can fine and didrain j anciently they could judge Caufes of Life and Death, but now they have loll that Power: However, they are admitted by fome learned Men of the Law to be Courts of Record. dommiffariefii.] Here arelikewife Courts, called the Com- mjfaritt, anfwerable to thofe of the Englijh Diocefan Chan¬ cellors, the highed of which is kept at Edinburgh ; wherein, before four Judges, Adtions are pleaded concerning Matters relating to Wills and Teftaments; the Right of Patronage to Ecclefiaftical Benefices, Tithes, Divorces, and Ecclefiadical Caufes of that Nature; but in almod all other Parts of the Kingdom there fits but one Judge on thefe Caufes. The Commiffaries in thefe Courts were formerly nominated by the Archbifhop of St. Andrew's. In criminal Caufes the King’s Chief-Juftice holds his Courts generally at Edinburgh; which Office was formerly executed by the Earls ef Argyle, once Hereditary Juftice-General of all Sutlani (the Ifles of Orkney and Schetland excepted) j but now the criminal Jurifdidlion of the Duke of that Name does only extend to his own Lands. In the faid Court the Defendant is likewife permitted, even in Cafe of High-Treafon, to retain an Advocate to plead for him. Moreover, in Criminal Matters, Jujlices are fometimes ap-, pointed by the King’s Commiffion, for deciding this or that par¬ ticular Caufe. • ||ullicE0 Of tl)C fSoaCC*] Thefe have been of a long (land¬ ing in Scotland, but under feveral Regulations: the lad rendered the Commiffion of the Peace wholly ineffedtual, vies. That they were not to take Cognizance of Riots till 15 Days after the Faft. This Adi of Parliament was procured by the Great Men , in Favour of themfelves, who had mod of the Sheriffs Courts and Regalities in their own Hands, and thereby kept the Com¬ mons .in a condant Dependance on them. The only Check they had upon them, were the Parliament and Council ; but the Seat of thefe being transferred by the Union, the Parlia¬ ment of Great-Britain has redored the fifteen Days to the Juf- tices of Peace, that the Heritable Offices may not be arbitrary and without Controul; and that the Commons may have fome Share in the Policy and Publick Government, as they have in Smtb-Britaiie. Conner#.] $94 €&e State Part it (EO^OnfMb] Thd Coroners Inquefts are very' anaen't -tU. Office being largely prefcribed in the Laws attributed' to S| Malcolm ll. where all Matters are laid to be cognizable by thsl which are Breaches of the King’s Peace; and they are reauhtdl to have Cletks to regifter Depofidons and Matters ofFa^yl well as Verdidts of Jurors: But atprefent this Office is inbe-l fuetude,'-except in fome particular Places, where the Gswanl prelent all MaleMors, and take them to andfrom Prilon. - 1 Of the; Government of Royal Boroughs , Free htm\ . poratmSi and Villages. 1 JRtpl 33 o^OUgf) 0 ,J Are Corporations made fo for the . Ad¬ vantage, of Trade, by Charters granted by feveral Kings of Scotland at feveral Times, which Corporations have a Privilege of fending Commiffioners to reprefent them in Parliament. Thefe Boroughs kmu all- their particular Privileges bythm- felves; and in general, they have all of them within their re fpeftlve Bounds, foie Power of Trade and Merchandize; «• clufive of all others: They can keep Courts, have the jurifdic- tion of Sheriffs, andean make By-Laws for the: Government of their Borough, and the Regulation of their Trade: A&ioisaifo between Burgeffes are ordinarily decided by their proper Ma- giftrates. 1 The Guild is a Society of Merchants who ate Freemen Borough: Every Royal Borough has a Dean of Guild, wl next Magiilrate to the Bailiffs ; he judges Controverfies between .1 Merchants concerning Trade, Difputes between Inhabitant! I concerning Buildings, Lights,- Water-Courfes, and other Nui- P fances; calls Courts at which all the Brethren of the Guild aie 1 bound to- give Attendance, manages tire common Stock of the Guild, and amerces and. collecb all Fines. ■ The Royal Boroughs are not only fevefal diffinft Corpora¬ tions, but they are alfo one entire'Body, govern’d by, ana ac¬ countable to one general Court. This Court was anciently called the Court of four Boroughs, and was yearly held to treat and determine concerning Matters relating to the common Ad¬ vantage of all the Burghs. The Four Boroughs which com¬ peted this Court, were Edinburgh, Stirling, Roxburgh mi Ber¬ wick ; but when the two Jail were fallen into the Hands of the Englijh, Lithgow and hanerk were put into their Places, but with a Saving for Roxburgh and Berwick, whenfoever they fbould be recovered to their ancient Allegiance. But this Court not being fufficient to anfwer the Neceffities of the Royal Boroughe in general, in King James Illd’s Time, ’ Ann. Dorn. 1487, all the Boroughs were impowered to tend Commiffioners to a Yearly Convention of their own, which was then appointed to meet at lnnerjkeithing, wherein, they were to confult S I. Of Great-B:r^t ; ^n. $9$ oncerning ,Matter) belqngiRgitflB.th^commflft^Ifere Boroughs : But there are no Records of thefeConven-. er than 1.552* when a Convention: of; Borougho^sltA b. .Thefe Meetings made Ms Sat the. Good .of their, hich were as binding'as ASs of Parliament, 1 ; upon all f of the Burghs which they did concern. .. . old Borough Laws no Man could,be-fent a Conmnffi- „ .parliament, or to any Convention or Meeting of- Boroughs^ tot he were a Merchant or Trafficker, free of, and redding iithe Borough which he was to reprefent. But in i6g9 the Sirkgbs made an A& to capacitate the fame Man to be .their ciunmiffioner in Parliament, and in the Convention of Boroughs [uliich he could not regularly be before) and likewife to capaci- ate'any Man having Heritage or Intereft in, any. Burgh,. or who night lot or, win in theConcerns ofthatBorough, tobecho- as aCommilfioner to reprefent it. ' ThePowerof th e Convention of Boroughs is;vety great.; All Cifesof Trade and Government within any Borough are there decidable: Differences between Bargh-otA Burgh are there de- tennined: They canUnlaw any Burgh, or Burgefs, that fhalj ddbbey them: They determine the Eleftions of Magiftrates and Councils: They fine Delinquents, and thofe that are dif- obedient to their Decrees: They judge Mifdemeanors of their Citfirvators and FaSors abroad: They appoint Commiffioners to vifit the Burghs, and to make Reports to the Convention, that they may determine what is proper. In 1691 there was a Ge¬ neral Vifitation of all the Royal Burghs in Scotland, and the Commiffioners were ordered to enquire into the State of each S , as to their real and cafual Rents and Revenues; their and Shipping, and the Conftitution of their Prifons and publick Works; their Harbours and Bulwarks, the Condition of their Heufes, and the-Manageffient of their common Stock: And this Commilfion was faithfully executed, by which Means the Convention was fully-appriz’d of all that concerned the Bo- mtghs in general, and: weiy'Borough in'{articular. They have made Laws relating to Shipping, to Mailers and Owners of Ships, to Mariners and Merchants, by whom they were freighted; to Manufaflures, fuch as Plaiding, Linnen, Yam, &c. To the Curing and Packing of Fifh, Salmons, Her¬ rings, b'c. To the Importing and Exporting feveral Commo¬ dities, The Trade between Scotland and the Netherlands, is fubjeS to their Regulation: They fix the Staplefort, which was for- merly at Dort, and is now at Camphere. Their Confervalor is indeed nominated by the Crown, but then the Convention re- ^ his Powers, approves his Deputies, and appoints his Sa- b that in Truth the whole Staple trade is fubjeded to their Management. They have alfo an Agent, and two Clerks. Lad 39$ Patent State Partir. Laft of all, they have fent, upon Occafion, Commiffiontts from the .whole Body 5 into J>a»«, England, Denmark, snip. land, td negotiate Matters relating to their Body, to complajj of Grievances, and the like j and this too they have done with; in thefefew Years. The Convention of Boroughs generally jj zt, Edinburgh, and they never remove fromthence unlefiUt has bien. agreed in Convention, and another Place appointed ® Parpofe. It is ufually fummoned by the Provoft of EMunh' who Blues out his Letters 1 for that Purpofe, and who upon L Emergen^ may fummon a Convention fro renata. :.... • , 8 CoUm»€OUncil.] The Town-Council meet once dr twice a Week, to confider and deliberate about the Affairs of their la. corporation, and have their feveral diftindt Courts for admit- Bring juftice in different Affairs j but their Magiftrates, by their Fundamental Rights, continue in their Offices but oneTeart tho’ fometimes by Court Favour, and the private Intereil of fome Citizens, they continue longer. But all thefe:-inferior Judges and Magiftrates, tho’ they have their own Laws and Cuftoms to rule by, yet all their Decifions and Determinations center in the Common, Civil, and Municipal Law, by which the Sovereign Judicatures proceed, which gives a Check to any Irregularities that thofe may at any Time commit in their re- fpective Jurifdiftions. THE f zefcnt g&tate OF SCOTLAND. BOOK III. Of Manners, Cuftoms, Laws, &*c. C H A P. I. Of Religious Manners, .viz. of the Clergy, their Names, Orders, Privileges, Revenues: Alfi of Nijfenters from the Eftabliftid Church. $«,] ROM the Beginning of Chriftianity the Minifters of GOD in his Church have Wi KBeSI* been call’d the Clergy, from the Greek peculiarly GotTs Inheritance ; forfo that Greek Word metaphorically fignify’d. ™m thence came the Word Clerk, which has fince been taken into other Profeflions; for which Reafon, Churchmen 398 €8e parent State Pactii, in Scotland have been dually called Minijltrs of God’s Ud Word and Sacrament. J As long as Epifajpacy continuedin Scotland, all the Panft'- Priefts received Orders from Bilhops only, who were affiled by Pbelbyters. Now fincC the Eftabliflimenf of Preflyuntm Churd .Government, that is not required, but Mead of Epitaph Or¬ dination j they receive Ordination by folemn Prayer and fifty fition of Hands from the Prelbyteiy. How a Clergyman becomes fettled in a Living . ' The Crown, the Nobility, andGentiy, by the ancient Laws and Conftitutions of Scotland, had the Right of prefendng Mi- nillers to Livings in . their Gift, to the Biihop of the Diocefi for Inftitntion and Indudtion; but upon the Abolition of Efi/topmy, Lay-Patronages were taken away by Aft of Parliament, and in cafe of a Vacancy in any Church, the Right of Prefertatm was fettled in the Heritors of the faid Pariih (being Protefianli ) and the Ruling Elders: Eut that Method being found prejudicial to the Rights of Lay-Patrons in difpoling thereof, and for otto Reafons affigned, the Parliament of Great-Britain, in the roth Year of the Reign of her late Majeiiy Queen Anne, EttaSti, That from and after the firft Day of May, 1712, it Hull and Snay be lawful for her Majelly, her Heirs and Succeffors, and for every other Perfon or Perfons who have Right to any Patro¬ nage or Patronages of any Church or Churches whatfoeyer (who have not made and fubfcribed a formal Renunciation thereof under their Hands) to prefent a qualified Minifter or Minifiers to any Church or Churches, whereof they are Patrons, which fliall at any Time after the faid firft Day of May happen to, be vacant j and the Prelbyteiy of the refpedtive Bounds (hall, and is obliged to receive and admit the Minifter fo prefented ,ac : cordisgly, any Thing in any Other Adi to the contrary notwith- Handing. Oath of Allegiance. I A. B. da jtncerely Promife and Smear, that l mill h Tajik feel, and beat true Allegiance to bis Majejiy King GEORGE. So help me God. The Affurance, I A. B. do its the Sincerity of my Heart AJfcrt, Ackomhtyt end Declare, That bis Majefty King George is the only lamp' and undoubted Sovereign of this Realm, at well de Jure, that >•'> if Right, King, arde Radio, that is, in the Poffcjf.on and Exfr cifeof the Government; And therefore do fmcersly and failbfi^) Book HI. of Great-Britain.' J99 jrtmjt and engage, that I will with Heart and Hand, Lifeand Gxls maintain and defend bis Majeftfs Title.and Government add the Pretended Prince of Wales, and , his Adherents, , and dlAr Enemies, who either by open or Secret Attempts. Jhalldif mi or difiaiet his Majefy in the Pojfeffion or Fxercife thereof. MtlCfiWof the Clergy.] The Privileges of the Scotch Clergy fince the Reformation, are as confiderable as in any other Proteftant Kingdom or State, in relation both to their Perfons and Eftatss; for the Law has provided, that foch as fliall be found guilty of A {faulting the Lives of Minifters, of rob¬ bing their Houfes, or aftually attempting the fame, {hall be pnnilhed by Death, and Efcheat of Moveables. And that this Law may be the better executed, five Hundred Marks Reward hallowed to the Difcoverer, and three Hundred Marls to the Apprehender of the aforefaid Criminals, to be paid out of his Majefty’s Treafury. And for their better Accommodation, they ate provided with convenient Manfes (i. e. Parjonage- Hmf/s) ; and where they are not fitting, the Heritors of the Pa- rift (hall build compleat Manfes for them, not exceeding 1000L nor under 500 Marls Value; StbeUUElJ of the Cltrgy,] At the (irft Plantation of Chrifti- anity, People were fo liberal in their Donations to the Church, that in a few Ages afterwards it grew very rich; but it was fo impoverilhed by the Romijh Clergy in latter Days, by letting bug Leafes, and corrupt Gompofitions, and frequent Alienati¬ ons of their Rights, that had not K. James VI. took fome Care m recovering and reftoring fome fmall Part of her former vaft Revenues, this Church had been the pooreft in the World. However, the Ecclefiaftical Revenues are not fo contemptible as many would render them, if one corifiders the Plenty of the Country in which they live; and that the Law has provided a- gatnil Pluralities ; and that every Parip-Church, andfuch Bounds oifiall le found to he a fujjicient and competent Parijb, pall have their own Pajior, with a Sufficient and reafonalle Stipend, accord¬ ingly the State and Ability of the Place', and he exempted from (tying Tcynds (i. e. Tenths ). And as a farther Addition to their Maintenance, every Minifter has Fewel, Foggage, Fail!, and umhts allow’d them (except Minifters in Burghs that have no Right to Glebes) with Grafs for one Horfe and two Cows to be defign’dj and if there be no Kirk-Land near the Manfe, or .the, ™ e be arrable, then the Heritors pay the Minifter twenty rounds yearly for their Grafs. And when the Right of Teynds Was fettled upon the Lay-Patrons, Care was taken by the Go- 'cement, that the Teynds fliould be burdened with the Minifter’s Stipend, and with a proportionable Augmentation for the future, p t le Rents of Lands encreafcd. In the Provifion made for the ‘onchial Clergy in Scotland, one Tiling is very commendable, ™ c “ is > throughout the whole Country there are fcarce any '400: C&e Piefcitt §>tatfc : Part 1L an y Benefices worth lefs than 50 /• Sterling per Annum, which in that Country is a good Maintenance. And this Equality in' tW Pivifions, at lead the bringing of the fmaller Benefices to tint Value, is chiefly owing to the Care and Piety of King Charles I. CHAP. II. Of the Scotilh Computation , Numbering , Weigh, Meafures, Money. Scotiflj Computation,]Tf* HE Scots ufe the fame Coni- ■ putationsof Tears, andMonths, and Pays, as the Euglijb in their Vulgar Account, beginning and ending their Portions of Time alike with them. dcotiflj Numbering.] vide Cnglano. tERriotjtS and fpafuroff.] The Goldfimths of Edinburgh di. vide their Ounces into fixteen Props, and their Drops into thirty- fix Grains, twenty-feven of their Grains making the Engiijhttmp W Tbe Stone-weight is 16 Pounds, and the Pound 16 Ounces frog; the Pint 3 Pounds and 7 Ounces ‘Try of clear Water of the River Leith ; and the Firlot of Linlithgow, which is the Standard, contains Thirty-.one Pints Stirling Jug, for the mea- Turing of Wheat, Rye, Meal, Beans, white Salt, Malt, Beer, and Oats; and ’twas ordered by Parliament, that thefe Standard be kept, two Fir lots of Linlithgow, the Stone-weight at Lome, the Ell at Edinburgh, and the Pint at Stirling, and that thele be the univerfal refpedlive Meafures. The Applicative Meaftres are the Scotch Ell, containing 37 Inches, and the Foot meafures 12 of thefe Inches; the Standard whereof is alfo kept at Edinhrgp, and all Glafiers, Mafons, and other Workmen, work by it. But fince the Union, all Weights and Meafures are alike throughout the whole united Kingdoms; namely, thofe which are "'"''era* blifhed in England ; but then the Burghs in Scotland, the keeping of the Standards of Weights and Meafures formerly in Ufe there, did of fpecial Right belong, keep t * ie ^ t .™ t " r r which have been fent down to them from the Standards Kept 1 Scotland anciently confided in then Stocks of Cattle, and not of Money; though it is not to doubted that thefe Parts of Great-Britain have a jl J'k®§ ■ v tained their Commerce in the fame Methods and Faihio thofe that are more fouthem. So that the Value of . the Prices of Goods, were at a Par among tnefeveral which anciently inhabited this Ifland Of tins we, early Inllance in the Laws of King Malcolm, II. wheie> ■ Book HI. Of Great-Britain. . 401 C 'lti, or young Heifer, was valued at Thirty-pence ; the very Price that was let on an Ox. in fome of our Saxon Laws, which are fuppofed to be enadted about the fame Time. King Rot ft II. who began to reign Anno 1371, was the firft who had Gold coined in Scotland, at which Time the proportional Value betwixt Gold and Silver was as one to eleven. In the Time of King James II. it fell under that of one to ten; and in ihe fucceeding Reigns it was generally as one to ten and a half, • till the Reign of King James VI. when it came to be as one to twelve t and in our Days ’tis as one to fifteen. Whence it appears, that the Value of Gold has been always rifing. In ancient times the Pound of Silver by Tale was in Scotland, as well as in France and England, a Pound Weight; and the Mark of Gold or Silver eight Ounces Troy Weight. King Robert Bruce firft diminifhed Ms Coin by making one Pound one Shilling out of the Pound Weight. King James I. made out of it x /. 17 s. 6 d. James If. 3/. or. ifd. James III. 7/. James V. 9/. izs. During the Minority of Queen Mary the Coin came to be diminifhed near a- half, viz. to have 18/. in the Pound Weight. And from the Coronation ofKing James VI. Anno 1567 to the Year 1600, it was reduced to the half of that again, •viz. to have 36 /. coined out of a Pound Weight, and that is very near the Rate it Hands at to this Day. Moll of the Gold and Silver Coins are to be fan engraven in James Attderfin's Diplomata & Numifmata See - lie, with an Explanation and Tables of them in the Preface. All the current Money of that Kingdom was, by the Articles of the Union, called in, and ordered to be reduced to the Englijh Stand- fid, that fo there may not be different Species of Money current in Great-Britain, there is the lefs need to be particular in fpe- cif/ing of them : Thofe that are curious in thofe Matters, may recur to that excellent Book, where they will find abundance of Salisfaftion. As to what relates to the Nobility of Scotland, and their dif¬ ferent Degrees, their Privilege, Precedence, See. fee the fame in England • - CHAP. III. 0 / tk Commons of Scotland, and therein of Knights of the Thijile, of Bannerets, Baronets, Knights', Uirds, Scholars, Gentlemen , Landed-Men, Citi¬ zens, Burghers, &c. Of tlje SCljjg(eJ A • M 0 N G the Nobles of a lower . Degree, are Knights, who were Jottnerly made here with greater Solemnity than any where elf® ® by taking an 1 Oath, and being proclaimed publicity D d by 402 . €$e-$it&n£ State Part U. by the Herald, of whom the molt Honourable are the KruVhts j of the Tbijlle. The Noble Order of Knights of the fhijile was, as we ate told, firft erefled by King Achaius ,, but growing into Defuetude | by Length of Time, was revived by King James VII. But his Misfortunes preventing the Completion of that Matter, it was reftored by the late Queen Anne. The Collar of the Order is compofed of Phi flies, interwoven and linked with Sprigs of Leaves of Rue all of Gold, having thereunto pendant on a Blue Bundle, the Image of St. Andrew, his Veilure of Cloth of Gold, with the! white Crofs of his Martyrdom on his Brcaft, and in a Circle in¬ tervening, the Figure beautified with Pearls: The Infcription is, Memo me imfune laciffet, tho’ fome think it Ihould be Bern m imfune lacejflt, in the prefent Tenfe, as all other, Motto’s are ; but though the prefent Time makes more the Nature of the Thing, yet the Future is more Threatning, and exprefles mote of Courage:, And this Phi file is chofen not for its Nature, but j for its Aptnefs to exprefs this EffeCt of Courage. j The ordinary and common Badge worn by the Knights of this I Noble Order, is a Green Ribbon, whereat hangs a %'tjllt jjfl Gold, crowned with an Imperial Crown, within a Circle alfo of! •Gold,' bearing the aforefaid Motto, Nemo me imfune lacejflt. I Upon the Fealt of St. Andrew, being the 30th Bay of h'«- member, the Knights folemnly meet in the Cathedral Church of the Town of St. Andrew, to celebrate their Feaft: During the j Solemnity they are richly Apparel’d; and being formerly all Lords of Parliament, they wear their Parliament Robes, having fixed on their left Shoulders in Azure Bundle, on which is em¬ broidered St. Andrew's Crofs, Argent, environed in the Centre ! with a Crown, beautified with Flovier-de-Lys, Or. Bannerets,] Knights and Bannerets are created under the Royal Standard, in the King’s Army, and in the Field of Battle, the King himfelf being prefent, and that Honour to continue during the Banneret’s Life only: They have Precedency before all of the fame Order, whole Patents are of a pofterior Date. King Charles I. did by his Letters Patents ordain that the ] Wives of thefe Knights, and their Heirs Male fhould have the Precedency as well after as before the Deaths of their Hulhands, if they Ihould happen to furvive, before the Wives of all thofe of whom the Knights Baronets, and their Heirs Male had the j Precedency, and even before the Wives of Knights Baronets. Baronet.] The Orderof Baronet in Scotland was firft erefled for advancing the Plantation of Noma Scotia in America , and for fettling a Colony there, to which the Aid of thefe Knights wi appropriated: This Order was defignedby King James Vi. be¬ fore hisDeath, but was not adually founded ’till the Time or King Charles I. [A. D. 1621;.) who difpofed to each of theie . Knights a certain Portion of Land in Nova Scotia ; and for tntu 1 1 further Encouragement, did conflitute and ordain that Heria® 404 €Se Relent &tate Partjf, London, that is to fay, Provofts in Scotland, ought to take Pla« of all Knights Batchelors every where, becauie they have tea the King’s Lieutenants. The Members of Courts take Place according to the Prece¬ dency of the Courts where they ferve. In Families likewife, the Chief of the Family takes Place of any Gentleman of the Family; and though it is generally be- lieved th2t Gentlemen have no Precedency among one ano¬ ther, yet Reafon and Difcretion allow, that a Gentleman of three Generations ought to give Place to a Gentleman of ten, if there is not a great Difparity between their Fortunes; and that for the fame Reafon, that a Gentleman of three Genera- tions claims Precedency from an ordinary Land-man, who has but newly acquired his Lands. CHAP. IV. Of the Women , Children, and Servants in Scotland. T H E Women in Scotland have as greatPrivileges as in any other Nation. I fhall begin withtheir Precedency. Wo¬ men before their Marriage have Precedency by their Father's Title; but there is this Difference betwixt them and the Male Children, that the fame Precedency is due to all the Daughters that is due to the Elded, though it is not fo among Sons. During Marriage, the Wife regularly participates of the Con¬ dition of her Hulband by the Civil Law and Law of Nations; for fince fhe is to be Sharer in his Misfortunes, the Law thought it juft that (lie fhould participate of his Advantages. In From the Wives of thofe who have Dignity by their Office, enjoy the fame Precedency with their Hufbands, together with a Commu¬ nication of their Title ; and therefore they fay, Madam la Chat- ccliere. Madam la Prejidtnte ; but it is not fo in Scotland, where Offices are believed to be bellowed on Hufbands upon a perfo- nal Account, which is not communicable to their Wives; and yet in fomc temporary Dignities, fuch as that of Knights Bat¬ chelors, the Wife participates of the Hufband il s Tide and Pre¬ cedency, though this proceeded originally rather from Courtefy than Law: For by the Heralds Records of old, a Knight’s Wile enjoyed only his Honours during the Spoufals, and were not in Law to be called Dame Jlice, or Dame Catherine, &c. when once the Marriage was diffolved. By the Law of Scotland alfo, if a Woman have Precedency by her Birth or Defcent, fhe ftill retains the fame, tho’ fhe mar¬ ry a Perfon of inferior Dignity ; but it is obfervable, that if the Book III. Of Great-Britain. 405 Daughter of a Nobleman marry another Nobieman, lhe lofes lie Precedency due to her Birth, tho’ (he does not lofe it by narrying a Gentleman j the Reafon whereof is, becaufe by uairyinga Nobieman die receives a Feudal Dignity, which fup- mlfe the firft. r If a mean Woman marries a Nobleman who has been de¬ railed by Forfeiture or otherwife, (he (till retains the Privilege iae to her by her Hufband, for Crimes are only perfonal. The Ladies of the Queen’s Privy-Chamber, tho’ the Queen is y, in the Time of Mourning, take their Place as if the Queen was living, 'till the Funerals are ended ; and the Queen’s Women of the Bed-chamber at the Funeral, go before Coun¬ ties Women, without Prejudice to the Countefles Women thereafter. The Wives and Daughters of all Dukes, Marquiffes, and Earls, fcfr. take Place in this Order, The Wives of Dukes of the The Wives of the elded: Sons Blood Royal. of Barons. The Wives of other Dukes. The Daughters of Barons. The Wives of the Elded Sons The Wives of Knight Banne- ofDukes of the Blood Royal. rets. The Daughters of the Dukes The Wives of the younger Sons of the Blood Royal. ' . of Lords. The Wives of Marquiffes. The Wives of Knight Baro- The Wives of the elded Sons nets, of Dukes. The Wives of the elded Sons The Daughters of Dukes. of Bannerets. Countefles. The Daughters of Bannerets. The Wives of the elded Sons The Wives of Knight Batche; of Marquiffes. lors. The Daughters of Marquiffes. The Wives of the elded Sons The Wives of the younger of Baronets. Sons of Dukes. The Daughters of Knight Ba- The Wives of the elded Sons ronets. of Earls. The Wives of the elded Sons of Daughters of Earls. Knight Batchelors. I Jk Wives of Vifcounts. The Daughters of Knight Bat- The Wives of the younger chelors. Sons of Marquiffes. The Queen’s Maids of Ho- The Wives of Barons that are nour. called Lords. The Wives of Lairds. The Wives of the elded Sons The Daughters of Lairds: of Vifcounts. The Wives of Gentlemen. •he Daughters of Vifcounts. The Daughters of Gentlemen.' •he Wives of the younger The Wives of Citizens. ■ Sons of Earls. The Wives of Burgcffes. D d 3 Clje patent State Part if; jjetbanf#.] Servants are diftinguilhed into a two-fold ft. parity in Scotland: The firft are fuch as hold Lands of their Lords in perpetual Vaflalage, and fo they and their Pofierity are in this Manner Servants to the Lords for ever, in Tilling and Hufbanding their Lands, and returning the Profits of then to the Proprietor, and with fuch Allowance for their Mainte¬ nance as their Lords are pleafed to allow them. The other are hired Servants of both Sexes, under certain annual Wages, and for a Time agreed upon, who are not to leave their Service at their own Pleafure; for, if only hired from Martinmas to Whit- funtide, they may be detained by their Mailers, or compelled by a juftice of the Peace to flay with them for the fame Hire, from iVbitfunday to Martinmas, unlefs the Servant can verify to the Juilice of the Peace, or Conltable of the Bounds; that he it hired to another Matter: And a Juftice of the Peace may com¬ pel a Servant running away, to return to his Matter, or pun! CHAP. V. Of the Laws of Scotland. T 5 Efore the Reign of King Malcolm, who for his great Head 11 was called Canmore, and was contemporary with K. Wil¬ liam L. of England, the SrvArhad no Sorts of written Laws: The King gave Judgment fiom fome little Mount where he could be moft conveniently heard and feen by the Parties con¬ cerned !. which for that Reafon-was commonly known by the Name of the Mute-bill-, and all emergent Controverfies of an inferior Nature, and in Common-Pleas, were ended by a Jury of Seven, Nine,. Eleven, or Thirteen, or, as was moll tM Fifteen honeft Men in the Neighbourhood. Thefe were the ordinary Judges of Law and Fadl, and the Majority of their Votes yvas always acquiefced in, as a definitive and final Sen¬ tence. . The. firft authentick Body of Laws of the Kingdom of Sts!- land ,.if even that may be juftly efieemedfo, is the Regiamm- jejlatem, fo called from the two initial Words of the Book, or as it. is commonly called, fhe Majejly ; the Compiler whereof declares, that King David I. put him upon making that Col- leftion, and that it was taken out of a vaft Number of old Lay/ Books, as a Manual of, the moft common Praflice of the then Courts of .Judicature, a great Part of which is borrow j from the Civil Law. ‘ , ,. Cifaii JLato.] The Civil Law, flriftly fo called, is the Rae ] ftf.ajl Proceedings in Scotland, where the Statute hawisdeK j jjoofcHL of Great-Britain. 407 iipe; Upon the Civil Law the folemn Judgments in Law Cafes juve been collefted, which are called Pratiques, a Word of the fame Import with that of Reports in England. There is'a C er Harmony betwixt the Laws of England and Scotland one would imagine: For the Ails of Sedermit are the fame Kith the Rules of Court in England: The Scotijh Proclamations revive obfolete Statutes, and fo do the Englijh: The Scotijh letters of Advocation are all one with the Prohibitions in Eng- jsnl: Both Nations agree in their Practice in the Jecret Ex¬ amination of married Women, in palling of Fines 5 and the Jts PtliSce, i. e. the Scotijh forces, and the Englijh Thirds ate the fame. The Scotijh Wadfets and Remerfions, anfwer to the Englijh Mortgages and Defeazances; their Poinding of Goods after Litters of Horning, differs not from the Englijh Executions upon an Outlawry: Nor does the King’s Remilfion in Scotland free from AJfything, any more than his Pardon in England fore- dofes an Appeal. SPimicipalJUto,] The Municipal Law confifls either of Ms of Parliament, or of the Cullom and Pradices of the Col¬ lege of Jallice, which in Cafes not otherwife adjudged, have the forces of Afts of Parliaments; and when neither of thefe contradicts, the Civil Law is of Force, which in Truth is the Csswim Law of Scotland. jfOJttt JLato#.] Foreft Laws were defigned for the good Go¬ vernment of the King’s Forells, Parks, Woods, and Chafes; toprevent Pajluring in Forells by fuch as have no Right to it, or without Licence from the Comptrollers or Keepers, who if they Merit, are to forfeit that Office, and the Offender’s Chat¬ ties to,beefeheated to the King; alfo to punilh Fellers of the King’s Woods, Slayers of Deer or Wild Fowl therein, with Bow, Gan, Dog, Hawk, or other Engine, or thofe that ihoot with any Gun therein, or in the Night, within a Mile thereof, or flay any Deer ftraying in Time of Storm, under the Penalty of having all their Goods efeheated; to prevent Hunting or Hawi¬ ng within fix Miles of the King’s Woods, Parks, Chafes, and Palaces, under the Penalty of 100 1. half to the King, and half to the Delator [i. e. Informer); which Penalties the Keepers of Forells, and others having Right thereto by their Infeoffments, have Power to infli& upon Tranfgreffors, after Trial and Con- viftion by an Inquelt. Kegiffei’S.] The Law of Scotland is eafy and regular, by teafon of publick Regilters, of which there are two Sorts, for recording Conveyances of the Lands and Poffeffions of private Subjefts; whereof one is General, and fixed at Edinburgh, for theUfeof the whole Kingdom, the other is more particular in « feveral Shires, Stuarties. and Regalities; they were firft eltablilhed by Aft of Parliament in the Reign of K. James II. face which Time they are the belt Repofitorics of Records re- “tmg to Civil Rights of the Subjefts; which are fo full, that D d 4 Titles 4o 8 €fje patent ©tate Partiii Titles are much more eafily underltood, than can be done with; out them; for by this Means Men are not cheated in purchafiw and conveying Eftates; which may appear by the following Inftances. No Man can have a Right to any Eftate, but by his being Seized of it, and that muft be Regiitered' within fixty Days, 0 ! I therwife it is of noEffeft; by which means all fecret Convey, ances are cut off; for if no Seizing be paffed upon them, or if they be not entered in the Regifter, which every one is at Li- berty to fearch, the Conveyance is of no Force. Secondly, All Bonds have a Claufe in them for inferting them in the publick Regifiers ; and they being regiftred, without any further Aftion, by a Charge of fix Days the Debtor mud make Payment, otherwife Writs, called Letters of Horning, Cofiin and Poinding, are given out; by the firft of which the Party is under Outlawry and Rebellion, and forfeits to the King his Per- fonal Eftate; and if he continue a Year under it, the Life hit of his Real Eftate, in which the Creditor is preferred fork Intercft, and the reft goes into (he Exchequer. By the Letters of Caption the Debtor is feized and put into Prifon, nor is his Houfe a Place of Security, but may be fearched for him. By the Letters of Poinding, the Debtor’s Goods may be dijlromi wherever they can be found. A third Inlcance is, that any Creditor may ferve a Writ on his Debtors, called Letters of Inhibition, which hinders him from making any Difpofition of his Goods or Eftate, ’till the ■ Creditor is fatisfied, and all is Null and to no Effeift that he doth afterwards, if thefe Letters be returned Regiftred within Twen¬ ty-one Days after they are ferved, otherwife they are of no Force. Inlhort, all Reverjions, Regrejfes, Bands wAWrilsh making the fame, JJfignations thereto, Difcharges thereof, Re¬ nunciation of Woodfets, Grants of Redemption, and all Mni- ments of Seizing are to be regiftred to the General Regiftry, to be appointed by the Clerk Regijler at Edinburgh, or in parti¬ cular Regiflers for that Purpofe, within threefcore Days after Date of them; and ExtraSs out of the faid Regifter mate Faith in all Cafes, except in the Cafe of Improbation: And if . any of the faid Writs lhall not be Regiftrate, they are Null in Prejudice of a third Party; but not againft the Maker thereof and his Heirs. This Regiftration is annexed to the Clerk Rtf- Jler's Office, and is to be made by him or his Deputies within 48 Hours after the Receipts of the Writs, under Pain of Depri¬ vation of the Clerk of his Place and Office of Notary; who are alfo to deliver back the Writs, marked with the Day, Month, Year and Leaf of the Regiftration, for which he is to receive Twenty-fix Shillings and Eight Pence for his Fee, and then they are delivered to the Clerk Regifter, to be Patent, ana Ex¬ traSs' thereof given to the Proprietors: Which Law now ex¬ tends to all Lands in Burghs and their Liberties, and the Town- Book HI. Of Q R E ATr^RI T AIN. v 409 Cfoks are to keep a feveral Book for their Regillrations, de¬ pending only on the Magijlrates, sxii not the Clerk-Regijhr. M Letters of Homing,. Inhibitions, InlerdtBims, Seajins and Imtrfions, are all to be regiltredj the firft within 15 Days, the faond and third within 40 Days, and thetwo'M within 60 Pays, or elfe they are Ntdl and of no Effefb. All Charters and ptiei Writs paffing the Great-Seal and Privy-Seal, mull be re¬ ared by the Writers thereto, in the Regifters thereof, and no Jidtr mull append the Seal to any Writ, before he receives a Certificate that the Mruraents are regiilred. U fieri View of the Ms of Parliament of Great- 1 Britain that have made any Alteration in the Laws if Scotland, from the Union of the two King - km, Anno 1707. gnion of tlje ttoo KingHomjff.] By $ a. R. cap. s. it ivas enabled, That the Kingdoms of England and Scotland (honld be united into one Kingdom, by the Name of Great- Britain ; the faid Union to commence on the ill of May, 1707. parliament.] That the faid united Kingdom Ihould be re- prefented by one Parliament. SEraDe,] That the Subjefls of the united Kingdom fhould lave free Trade to all Places belonging to either: That the Succeflion of the Crown be fetded in the Protellant Branches cf the Houfe of Hanover, as it Hands limited in England. <£ycift£g The united Kingdoms to be liable to the fame Excife. JLaUtJ» 2 Ta]C.] That when 1,997,763/. 8r. 4 upe? 4i2 €Ije $>?efent §>tate Pattii, . Superior and ffiMalV.] iGeo.cap.20. An Aft for en : couraging all Superiors, Vaffals, Landlords and Tenants who continue loyal to King George. Cfeifimasf Vacation.] t Geo. cap. 28. An Aft to take away the Yule Vacance, or Cbrijlmas Vacation. oiantJriSi'aj. - .] t Geo. cap. $1. An Aft for railing by a Land. Tax in England, 1,993,157/. 5 s. gd. and in Scotland, 47,950/. is. 2d. SttaintlfC of the gcotifl) 3 lop 0 .] 1 Geo. cap. 32. An Aft to attaint John Earl of Mar, William Murrey, Efq; called Marquis of Tullihariine, James , Earl of Linlithgow, and Jams Drummond, Efqt called Lord Drummond. . pgljlaRDerS DifarmcD.] I Geo. cap. 34. An Aft for mote efieflually fecuring the Peace of the Highlands.-By this Ad the Highlanders were difarraed-but the Aft was not to extend to Noblemen or Commoners having the yearly Income of 400 /. Scots, or who are otherwife qualified to vote at Elefti- ons of Parliament-men. fHaffats lit oHigeo to perfonal attenDance.] After the ' Frftof Jugujl, 1717, the annual Value of the Services, called Perfonal Attendance, Hoiling, Hunting, Watching and Ward¬ ing, ihall be paid in Money annually, and in fuch Services be required in Kind. ■ ©quiPaleilt-] 5 Gra. 1. raf..20. An Aft for fettling certain yearly Funds, payable out of the Revenues of Scotland, to fa- tisfy publicfc Debts in Scotland, and other Ufes mentioned in the Treaty of Union, and to difcharge the Equivalents claimed on behalf of Scotland, and for obviating future Difputes con-. cerningit: The Sum of 10,000/. to be one yearly Fund, 2000 1 . to be another yearly Fund for the Purpofes of this Aft, to continue for ever, fubjeft however to Redemption. €tbil?li 2 of^rotlant).] The laid Funds to be payable Out of the Excife and Cuiloms of Scotland, the Charges of the Civil Lift there being firft paid. If the Produce ot the Excife, (s’c. Ihall be deficient, to be made good out of the Revenues of Scotland. i&pppefop of Webt 0 Uncopopteu.] The King im- powered to Incorporate the Proprietors of 248,550/. 9 >■ oo.r on whom the abovefaid Annuities are fettled, when of it: The laid Sum to be the [oint Stock of the Company, and every one to have a Share in the Annuity in Proportion to his Debt, fiQimeS and 95 anufiltturifJj.] The annual Sum « 2000/. to be applied to the Encouragement of _the Filhery ana ether Manufafturies in Scotland, the faid Annuities to be in lieu of all liquivolents claim’d by Scotland. fiDati)#.] 5 Geo. 1. cap. 29. An Aft for making more effec¬ tual the Laws appointing the Oaths for the Security of the Go¬ vernment, to be taken by Minifters and Preachers in Churches and Meeting-Houfes in Scotland. Book III. Of Great-Britain. 413 Ififflltoap#-] 5 Geo - ca f- 3°. An Aft for making the,Laws more effectual for repairing Highways, Bridges and Ferries in Sf iiCE0 of $ea«.] Thejullices of Peace and Commiffi- oneri of the Supply in every County, are hereby impowered to order the Highways to be repaired in the fame Manner as in gooltcn 95amtfatturif0-] 6 Geo. cap. 13. An Aft for re¬ lating the W oollen Manufafturies in Scotland. JIieraOT »J 8 Geo. cap. 28. An Aft for fupplying the Records burnt at Aberdeen. Spiffs and jHonjUrOJff to JRegiffcr.] 9 Geo. cap. 24. An Aft to oblige Papiits and Nonjurors toRegiiler their Ellates in Scotland. 10 Geo. cap. 10. An Aft to explain the faid Aft to oblige Pa- pills to Regilter their Ellates. aioollen ^itnufatturies'.] to Geo. cap. 18. An Aft to ex¬ plain and amend the Aft for regulating Woollen Manufafturies in Scotland. LojUtf of 1 o Geo. cap. 1 q. An Aft to explain the Law concerning the Trial and Admiffion of Lords of Seffion in Scotland. SBillt illtt.] 11 Geo. cap. 8.. The Duties on Malt in Scotland fettled at 3 d. the Bulhel, being half the Duty paid in England. ifiglllanterg oifarmeii-] 11 Geo. cap. 26. An Aft for the more effeftual difarming the Highlanders. Bail.] Enafted, that double Bail betaken in Criminal Cafes. Capital and Co?po?al iBimiflimtnW ] No Capital or Corporal Punilhment to be executed to the South of the Frith, within 30 Days after Sentence, nor any North of the Frith , within lefs than 40 Days after Sentence. Lord-Lieutenants, i 5 c. impower’d by this Aft to fummon the Clans to deliver in their Arms. Limicil Sijaiiufatturics.] 13 Geo. cap. 26. An Aft for re¬ gulating the Linnen Manufafturies in Scotland. jfifljme# and aBanufattiirie#.] r 3 Geo. 1. cap. 26. An Aft for encouraging the Filheries and other Manufafturies and Improvements in Scotland. This Aft recites that the annual Sum of 2000 /. had not then teen applied to the Improvement of the Filheries and Manufac¬ tories in Scotland, as former Afts required : And grants that her Majelty be impowered to fettle aPlan for the Improvement of the faid Filheries and Manufafturies, and to appoint Trullees for putting the fame in Execution. iMlal grtojcjeu] 2 Geo. II. cap. 32. An Aft to encourage the Importation of Malls, Yards and Bowfprits from Scotland. Co,!pO?al $unilf)ment 0 .] 3 Geo. II. cap. 32. An Aft for enabling the Judges of the Court of Seffion in Scotland to adjourn the faid Court, and to limit the Time for the Execution of Sen- AH €&e parent ©tate Part u. tences, importing Corporal Punilhments in that KinvdJ Ctjrifimasf ffilacation ] The Judges of the Court of w fion are hereby impowered to adjourn their Seffions between li* 15th of December and the 15th of January, for any Space Time not exceeding ten Days; fo that they may itill have YuleVacance, or Chrijlmas Vacation, if their Judges fee & I Co?pO?at JdltntdjmEn^] Further Enafted, That it« be lawful for the Magiltrates and Courts of Judicature, to putiu Execution any Sentence importing Corporal Punifhment, left thy, Death or Difmembring, in any Part of Scotland, South of the Frith, within eight Days after it is pronounced; and to tie Northward of the Frith, within ten Days after it is pronounce) lunges map refpite tgymition.] And the judges of tie Court 0? Judiciary, or any of them, are authorized, upon Ac. plication to them, to delay Execution, if they think proper, for thirty Days, to the end Application may be made for Relief againft any hard or unjuft Sentence. CHAP. VI, - Of the Diet, Attire, Recreations, and Buildings of the Scots. ©iet.rpH E Diet of the Scots is agreeable to their Elba and Qualities: No People eat better, or have- greater Varities of Flelh, Filh, wild and tame Fowl, than the Scots Nobility and Gentry in their own Country, where they can furnifh their Tables with Ten Dilhes cheaper than the Englijh can provide Three of the fame Kinds; and of their Wines, the French themfelves did not before the Union drink better, and at very eafy Rates. The Tradefmen, Farmers and common Peo¬ ple, are not fuch exceffive Devourers of Flip as Men of the fame Rank are in England: Milk-meats and Oatmeal feveral Ways prepared, and Cale and Roots drelied in feveral Mannas, is the conltant Diet of the poor People (for Roajl-meat is feldom had but on Gaudy-days ) and with this kind of Food they enjoy a better State of Health than their more Southern Neighbours, who fare higher. aittire ] Anciently, all Degrees of Men and Women were determined in Scotland by the Sumptuary Laws of the Kingdom. None might wear Silk or coftly furring, except Knights and Barons of Two Hundred Mark yearly, and their eldeil Sons without Licenfe from the King, nor no other Fcrfons wearBroi dery. Pearls or Bullion; and bv a fpecial Aft of Parliament made in the Reign of King James II. no W, tocome to Kiri or Merest with their Faces Muj Book III. of Great-Britain. 415. 0 f the Efcheat of die Coutchy. The: folemn Apparel, or. Man¬ na of Arrayments for Members of Parliament, for Speakers, for Ma’if rates o( Burghs, Lords of Seffion, and other inferior Wro, were appointed by the King. And all Kirk-men [i. e. Minhters) were ordered to wear Black; and by the Aft of j ra le, in the Reign of IC. Charles II. Men and Women were prohibited from wearing any Cloaths trimmed with Gold and J ,ktr Buttons, Laces, Embroidery, Fringes, or Filigrane, Silks or Stuffs wherein was either Silver or Gold-Thread, upon Pain of Forfeiting the Cloaths and Five hundred Marks of Fine, toties mtitt: Which has been carefully obferved, and at prefent no¬ thing is worn but decent plain Cloth, or Stuff by Men of the bed Quality of this Country, except Military Officers, that are-pri¬ vileged in Time of Service to wear Laced Liveries, and out of Strobe, ’till they have worn them out. The meaner Sort in the Lowlands are habited like the Bnglijh, except their Bonnets aid Plaids, which they wear different from the Highlanders, who are conilant in dieir Cloathing in Plaids, which are only one Piece of 7 or 8 Yards long, with which they cover their whole Bodies from Neck to Knee, excepting the Right Arm, which they manage fo artificially, as to fupply the Defefl; of Drawers and Breeches ; they cover their Heads with Fhrurn Dps, Blue, Grey, or fad Colour, as the Buyer pleafes. itafationfi!.] Not to mention Hunting, Hawking, Setting, Horfe-racing, Filhing, Fowling, Courfing, Bowling, and fuch Manly Sports, proper only to the Nobility, Gentry, and their Attendants, the Sports called Foot-Ball playing, and Golf, were the ufual Recreations of the Common People, to which they were fo addified, that there was no lefs than three Afts of Par¬ liament in fo many feveral Reigns to difcharge the Ufe of them, under the Penalty of 50 Shillings to the Lord of the Land, or to the Sheriff in his Negledt; which being of no Advantage to the Publick, theWifdom of the State Enafted, That Wheaping Showing ihould fucceed in the Head of them, and be kept four Times a Year in every Shire, and fo likewife in the Boroughs; all Men being fufficiently Harnaffed and Armed, and Buts (or, as they call them, Bow-Marks ) fet up for Shooting in every Pa- rifli, with the Ufe of Guns and Fire-Arms; that fo the King’s, Luges might be ready and fit for War upon eight Days Warning. This was defigned to inftruft the Standing Militia of the Kingdom. Suifoitigsu] If we may judge of the Statelinefs, Grandeur, ad Beauty of the Publick Buildings in Scotland by their prefent Ruins, we muff needs conclude that they were Magnificent Structures. Moll of the Cathedral and Collegiate Churches were, and thofe that remain are, of Free-ftone, with which this Country abounds ; and fo were the Ahhies, Convents, and Mo¬ nkeries, which the Rabble, in the Beginning of the Reforma- ■tim, razed from the very Foundation, and converted the Stones tsd other ufeful Materials to the building of Houfes and Cities, which 4i6 Ctje l&efent State Partn, which in many Places are covered with Slate. The Houfes 5 f the Nobility and Gentry are alfo built with Free-llone, @4 well-fiirniihed, agreeable to their Qualities. ’ CHAP. VII. Of Punijhments in Scotland. A Mong the Crimes that in the Laws of Scotland are called Capital, High-Treafon is the firft: And for the Punifhment of that and other Capital Crimes, there is a late Aft of the Par¬ liament of Great-Britain, Amo feptimo Anns. Regina, enti- tuled, An A£l for improving the Union of the Em: Kingdm ; which llatutes and appoints the Method and Manner of Proceed¬ ings in the Trial of fuch Criminals. Now, RigbEmfm con- fifts in Confpiring, Plotting, Contriving and Intending the Death and Deftruftion of the King or Queen, or any bodily Harm tending thereto, or any Reftraint upon their Perfons; ot to Deprive, Depofe, or to Sufpend them from the Stile, Honour, or Kingly Name, of this, or any other his Majefty’s Domini¬ ons ; or to Sufpend him from the Exercife of his Government; or to levy War, or to take up Arms againft him, or any Com- miffionate by him; or to entice Strangers, or others, to invade any of his Dominions; and by Writing, Printing, or other ma¬ licious and advifed Speaking, exprefs or declare fuch other Trea- fonable Intentions: And the Offenders are pnnilhed as Traitor's, with Death, Lofs of Honour to their Pofterities, and their whole Eftates forfeited to the Crown. They are put to Death in- the fame Manner as in England, by Drawing, flawing, Quartering of Men, and Burning of Women: But Nollim are generally Beheaded, not with an Ax as in England, or a Sword, as in Holland-, but by dn fnftrument called aMoida; which is a broad Piece of Iron about a Foot Square, very Jharp j at the lower Part, and loaded above with fuch a Weight of Lead that is fcarce to be lifted. At the Time of Exemtim it is pulled up to the Top of a narrow Wooden Frame, about 10 Foot high, and as broad as the Engine, with Mouldings on each Side for the Maiden to Hide in: About four Foot from the Ground, a Convenience is made for the Prifoner to lay his Neck, with a kind of aBarfo fattened as to keep him from Birring: Upon a Sign given, the Maiden is let loofe, and in a Moment feparates the Head from the Body. The Scots have a Tradition, that the firft Inventor of this Machine was the firft that fuffeted by it. Bringing in of any Kind of Poifon into the Realm, thro’ which Man or Woman may take any bodily Harm, for any Manner of Ufe, is alfo Ereafon ; and fo is declining the King’s Authority, Book III. c£ Great-Britain. 41^ 11 impugning the Authority and Dignity of the States in Par- fi„B»/:°Accufing another calumnioufly of Treafiu, is Treafon -,' ndif the Perfon accufed be acquit, the Accufer mull fnffer as a Jrai/if- Murder and Slaughter of a Perfon under the Trull, ; re dit, Alfurance, and Power of the Slayer, is alfo Treafin, and punilhable as fuch. [Thefe Offences are not Treafon at this Day, a s appears by an Att made fince tile Union.] {’Men upon the High-way, Breakers of Houfes, Re-fetters of ftnwi, or Intcrcommuners with them to that Effedl, and Pray¬ er; of Black Mall, are guilty of Felony, and punilhable with Cbnfifcation of Goods and Death: But Stealers of Wood, Break- in if Hedges, Dykes, Fences, and Stealers of Fruit, Honet, of fjS out of Ponds or Loibs, are punilhed with Pains Pecunial, not exceeding Forty Pounds Scots. And if Children under Age com¬ mit any of thefe Things, their Fathers or Mailers are to pay ip. 4/ or one Mark Scots, for every fragle Offence; orelfe deliver them to the Judge to be' whipped. But fuch as fell the Goods of Thieves of Clans, that dare not come to Market in tie Lowlands themfelves, are punilhed with Banilhment and Efcheat of Moveables, Half to the King, and the Other Half to the Apprehender. Firffrs of hjlruments, Falfe-Witneffes, or Men guilty of Suh- imtim, and their Accomplices, are punilhed by piercing their Firsts, Forfeiture of Goods and Chattels, and Infamy: And hither at the Judge’s Difcretion. But it is to be obferved, although the Lords of Seffion punifh' title Crimes ad Arhitrium, yet the Juflices punilh them with Death. Extortioners, or Takers, or Makers of Bargains, for greater ; Interell and Profit for the Loan of Money, than at the Rate of Ftn Pounds, or Five Bols Visual per Cent. for the Year, in cafe’ that be the prefent legal Interell, forfeit the Principal Money, and all their Moveables. The Party is to pay it; and for the' Ufury, if he reveals it, is difcharged of the Debt; and if ano¬ ther reveal it, he has a Right to the Sum; and the Receiver or' Contraftor for the laid Ufury, (hall ufe the Principal. Pmjlallers of Markets, or Regraters, that buy any Merchan¬ dize or Vidlual by Land or Water, before it is prefented in the' Market, or in the Market before lawful Time of Day, are pu- nilhed by Imprifonment, and a Fine of Forty Pounds Scots for' tie firll Fault; for the fecond, an Hundred Marks ; and for the' third, Lofs of Moveables. AH Judges and Officers, whom it concerns, upon any bodily Hurt done, or Slaughter committed, upon Complaint, are dili- Spitfy to enquire, if the Deed was done on Forethought, Felony, “ through Chaud Mella, i, e. upon a Rencounter in a Pajftoh ; upon the former, the Trefpajfer is incontinently imprifoned,- Mdhis Life and GcorA at the King’s Will; but if the Faflis found to be done thro’ Chaud Mella, upon Trial he is acquitted. 4 i 3 %\)z pgefent State Part E Fonfauliure of P erfms convifted for Life Majeflie, or Tm/m of any Kind, are punilhed by the King’s feizing all Lands hold- en of himfelf, and their Lives are at the King’s Will. ; Confijfwi extorted from fufpefled Criminals in Scotland, is by I an Inftrument called the Boot, made of 4 Pieces of narrow Boards nailed together, of a competent Length for the Leg; in which they put the Leg of the Party, which they wedge tight on all Sides, as Occafion requires, according to the Notoriety of the fuppofed Crime. Something alfo they have like it for the Thumb, which they call the Thumbkhts, for lefs fufpedled Of. fences. [Torture is abolilhed fince the Union, by an Ad of Parliament.] CHAP. VIII, Of Societies inftituted in Scotland, for tie Advmct- ment of Religion, whether incorporated or volun¬ tary. V |' HE late Queen’s Majefly underftanding the charitable In- clinations of many of her Subjefis, fir raifmg a mlmtarj Contribution towards the further promoting Chrijiian Kmmhdgi, and the Increafe of Piety and Virtue within Scotland, efpetiallj n the Highlands, Illands, and remote Corners thereof, where Error,' Idolatry, Superflit ion, and Ignorance do moflly abound-, did, firlf, by her Royal Proclamation, dated Auguft 18, 1709, approve and recommend the aforefaid charitable Lefignj and afterwards granted her Letters Patent for incorporating the Sulfirihrs aid Contributors to this Pious Defgn into a Body Politick, by the Rant of%\)t gwietp in Scotland ft? y?opagating Cijrifiian jitnCtoltDge ; granting them full Power to receive Subfcripimi, Mortifications. Donations , Legacies, Sums of Money, Lunds, Gods end Gear, and therewith to ereft and maintain Schools to teeth lo read, efpeciatty the Holy Scriptures , and other good andpiousBnhi end alfo to teach Writing, Arithmetick, and fuels like Degrees if Knowledge in the Highlands, Hands, and remote Corners (/Scot¬ land ; appointing them a general Meeting Quarterly at Edin¬ burgh, in the Town-Hall, the faHTburfday of January, Marti, June, and November, Yearly, and oftner when and where the. Society lhall think meet: Nine of their Humber to be a I with Power, by Plurality of Voices, to eleft a PrefeJent, a Im- Jitrer, a Secretary or Clerk, and other Officers; all which are obliged to take an Oath de fideli-Adminiftralione Officij ; with feveral other Rights, Privileges and Immunities for the better and more orderly carrying on this Good Deftgu. . Thefe Letters Patent bear Date the zethof May, 1709. And. to do Juftice to the General Affembly of the Church of Scotland, 420 %\)Z p^fent ©tnte Partii, School-Makers are obliged to take the Oath of Allegiance , to fubferibe the Confejfton of Faith, and mull fubmit to a Trial from the Prejhytery of the Bounds. iButfar#.] For a continual Supply of Minifters in the Kirk of Scotland, it was ordained by the General Afembly fitting at Edinburgh, A. D. 1645, That a Number of pious Youths, of good Expedlations and approved Abilities, Ihould be chofen’ I and fent Burfars, jx Exhibitioners, to the Unhcrfsties, by the feveral Prejbyteries of Scotland, every Prejhytery confiding of 12 Kirks, being required to fend and maintain one Bur jar year¬ ly at the Univerjity; and where the Prejbyteries are fewer in Number, they are to join with other Prejbyteries to makeup the Number: And the Overplus of the Number to be ordered and difpofed by the Prefyteries and Synods ; and their Books to bear Record thereof, Thefe Burfars are to be allowed for their Maintenance 100 1. Scots per Annum at lead, which is to be taken out of the Kirk Penalties; and the faid Maintenance to be colledted by the Moderator of every Prejhytery, by equal di¬ vided Portions; the one half to be brought in at the Winter Synod, and given to the Burfars, and the other half at tie Summer Synod, to be fent unto them. The Time of the Bur- Jars Continuance at the Vhiver[sty is not to exceed four Years; if before that Time any of thefe Burfars Ihould be removed by Death, or be called to a particular Charge, another is to fuc- ceed in his Room. All Burfars of Theology are obliged to bring fufficient Teltimonies from the Univerfities where they are bred, of their Proficiency and good Behaviour, and be alfo ready to give a Proof of their Labours at the feveral Synods, if it ikll be jequired: And if they are found deficient, their Exhibitions are taken away, and given to others. Befides Burfars from Prejbyteries, there are alfo Others main¬ tained by Noblemen and Gentlemen, Minifters and others who have left great Sams of Money for that End; the Intereft where¬ of is applied to maintain poor StudentsAnd by a Gift of King William III. diverfe Students have confiderable Allowances to fludy beyond Seas; which Gift is charged upon the Revenues of the late Bilhops. ' ■ In the Year 1578, the Town of Edinburgh founded their high School, by Warrant and Encouragement from the Royal Bounty of lihgjames VI. whence it took the Name of the King’s School: It has a Matter, four Ulhers, a Writing-Mailer and a Janitor ; all which are provided with fixed competent Salaries, except the Writing-Mailer, whofe Benefit iscafual. It hath a publick Library, eredled by the Authority of the Town-Coun¬ cil, Anno 658, principally confiding of Latin and Gretk Clw® Authors. CHAP. Book III. Of GreatvBritain. 5$2I'. C H A P. X. Of the City of Edinburgh. . ©Di’n&Ufgb*] TT Dinburgh is the Metropolis of Scotland, for- I j merly the Royal Seat, and far furpaffeth all oiler Cities of North-Briiain in the.Statelinefs of its Churches,. tie Beauty and Neatnefs of its publick and primate Buildings, lie Largenefs of its Circumference, and in the Number and Wealth of its Inhabitants. Very many of the Houfes are parted into diverfe Tenements, and they very often have as many Lmlhrds as Stories, having no Dependence upon one another, living that they are built upon one and the fame Foundation. and Sintiquitl’.] By the moll: ancient Inhabitants it Hcalled Dun Eden; by the Latins, Edinodunum •, and by their irnn Ancellors, Edinburgh ; all which fignify a Town upon a Hill, or rather the City of the Edeni, built upon a Hill. The Urn were thofe whom Ptolemy called Ottodeni; which Word, afome learned Men think, was miftaken for Scottodeni-, the two firll Letters Sc. being through Halle of the Copiers omitted. hinny calls this Place Cajlntm alatum, the winged Cajlle, not from the Greek Way of Building mentioned by Vitruvius, lit from the very Nature of the Place; for, befides the Lake' on both Sides, there are two Hills near the Rock on which the Caltle (lands, which fomething refembles Wings, as may be eafi- Iy perceived, if one goes to the City from the South-EaH by the Sea-lide; for then thofe Rocks appear like Wings flretched forth, and the Rock on which the Caftle Hands, like the Head of a Bird with a Tuft. This feems to be the true Reafon of tie Name. Situation.] The Hill on which the City Hands, hath upon tie North-fide a Handing Pool, commonly called the North- Mr, upon the South-lide there was formerly another Handing ™l, called the South-Loch, as appears by fome Leafes of Houfes in St. Ninian's-Ro-w, which were let with the Privilege. Oi a Boat annexed. Thefe two Lochs or Lakes bounded the City upon thofe two Sides, as the North-Loch does at prefent on t»eNorth; but the South-Loch was drained above ioo Years and upon its Banks are built two feveral Ranges of Houfes, “tween which is a Street called the Cow-gate, built upon the wound which was once covered with Water. A great Part of Jy City hands upon an Afcent; and it is very probable, that the tsille was the Caufe of building the City ; for HrH the Neigh¬ bors having built a few Houfes near the CaHle, others followed t“ir Rxample, that they might be defended by it from the In« fa of their Enemies. Ibis City is inclofcd with fomething, which feems to have . eei1 an Roman Wall on every Side except the North, where Ub 1:CUre d by the It has fix Gates* two to the Eajl, two 422, . .C$e$#rent State , Part II, to the Seuth, one to the Weft, and another lately built to the North. One of the Gates to the Baft is called the Netherkt which was magnificently rebuilt in 1616, and adorned with Towers on both. Sides, and is the chief Gate of the City, Tie other Gate to the Eaft is called the Cow-Gate, from which there’s an Entry into the Nether-ft net,- which runs the Length of the whole City, ana is fometimes called the Cow-gdtiftmi, The Eaftermoft of' the Gates to the South is called the Pj//,,.; " Bow-Port, from the Suburbs called the Potter-Row: The Wtf. emoft of thefe is called the Society-Port, properly the BnocmA Port■ In that Place is a great fquare Court, with Building round about it, to the very Walls of the City. The WeftGatA at the other End of the City lying beneath the Cafile, affords as I Entrance from the Suburb of the lame Name. The North-Gait , I which was laft made, at the lower End of the North-Loth , isj two-fold, the Inner and Outer Port, through which there is an. Entry into the City from the Suburb, called the Mutters-Hil There are two Sheets extending the Length of the whole Tom The chief Street, which is called the High-Street, is one of the broadefi: Streets in Europe-, from it run many Lanes or Winds, as the Scots call them, on both Sides. The Nether or Lem- Street has alfo many Winds running to the South. . In the very Middle of the City is a Cathedral Church, called St. Giles's; fo large, that it is divided into three Places for preach¬ ing, every one of which is appropriated to a diftinct Pariih. It is built of hewn Stone, beautified with Pillars and Arches of the fame. In theMiddle it forms a perfeft Crofs, by four Parts of this Church meeting together, which lupport a llately high Tower, with a Top of curious Workmanlhip, reprefenting ai Imperial Crown, Belides this Cathedral Church, there are in the City, The South Church, called the Grey-Friars Church, tylich frauds in the Middle of the common Burying-Place. Many Tombs and Monuments furround the Church, and among which, that of Sir George Mackenzie appears like a Maufolamm. There is alfo a Church of fquare hewn Stone with a Tower, built Anno 1641, which is called the Trone-Church. The Collegiate Church of the Sacred Trinity was built by Maty of Guelders, King "James lid’s Queen, where alfo flit te interred. The Lady Yfter's Church was built by the Lady Yfier, who alfo left a Sum of Money for maintaining a gobd able Man to preach and perform Divine Service therein. Befides thefe Churches, there are two Chapels in the City, St. Mary Magdalen's in the Cow-Gate, and St. Marys in AWrfo" Wind. *, . There is another Chapel of the fame Name at the Foot of j the Canon-Gate ; as likewife feveral Meeting-Houfes lately built both in the City and Suburbs. Book HI. Of GREAT-BftlTAIN. 42$ Within thefe 20 Years has been built a very beautiful Church about the Middle of the Canon-Gate, on the North-fide, and a confiderable Piece of Ground inclofed for a Church-yard, by a Legacy left by Sir no. Moodie of Sachton-Hall for that Purpofe. Near the Cathedral Church is the Parliament-Houfe, where the Eilates of the Kingdom formerly fat. It Hands in a great Court, wherein is a handfome Figure of King Charles II. on Horfeback: The Court is a-bounded on the North by the Church jtfelf: The Wejt-fide is inclofed by the Council-Houfe, where the fm-Council affembles: The South is bounded by the SeJJion- ttw/e, where the Judges and Lords of Seffion fit; in the upper Part of this Building are the Privy-Council and Exchequer-Cham¬ bers. The reft of the South and Eaft-fide of this Court is in¬ clofed with the upper and lower Exchange, and with a,Row of very ilately Buildings. About 40 Years ago, the Magiftrates of Edinburgh, at a vaft Expence, brought one of the bell Springs in Scotland into the City by Leaden Pipes, from a Hill above three Miles diftant from it; and have erefted very ftately Fountains in the Middle of the High-Street, to ferve the Town with Water. Btinft Of jscotlant).] At the Foot of a Clofe, on the North Side of the Land-Market, is the Bank of Scotland, which was erected jry Aft of Parliament, 169J. Their chief Bufinefs and Defign is to make Payments, and lend Money at an eafy Intereft. The Office is managed by a Governour, a Deputy-Governour, and 24 Directors; whereof 12 are ordinary, and 12 extraordi¬ nary. The whole Managers meet only once a Quarter, the r 2 ordinary Directors meet the firft Tuefday in every Month j which Meetings are termed Toe Court of Directors. The ordinary Di- reflors are fubdivided into 4 Claffes or Sub-Committees, who attend by Turns Weekly every ordinary Day, except Saturday; The Directors perform all Matters of Moment by Balloting. The principal Officers of the Bank are, 1. A Trea/urer, who has convenient Lodgings in the Office, under whom are three M/crr. 2. A Secretary. 3. An Accomptant. The annual Eleftions are in March; and the firft Court of General Direc- imh holden the firft fhurfday in April. 3 irJ The great Breadth of the High-Street, and the many lanes which lie on each Side of it, from North to South, and which fend up the Air as it were in Pipes into the High-Street j and the Nearnefs of the two Hills, called Neil's Craigs, on the North, Sarijlmry Craigs on the South, do all contribute to the Town’s being very airy; which conduces not a little to the ■ Wiolefomnefs of it; infomuch, that it was never heard that the Plague raged in Edinburgh, except it was brought thither by wfedted Merchandizes: Which Purity of the Air is daily en- creafed by bringing in the Water above-mentioned, which, as it has been ordered by a wife Aft of Council, deanfes the City worn Naftinefs. Without the Walls of the City are the Suburbs, aiong which, that which lies from the Nitbtx-hvs to the/%, E e 4 called 'm €|je PjeCent ^tate Part ir; called the Canon-Gate, has the Preeminence; it is adorned with, goodly Buildings and fine Gardens. On the South Side is a very fine Hcufe belonging to the Earl of Murray, with veiy pleafent Gardens adjoining tout. At the lower End of this Suburb is the Abby of Holy-Rood-Hou/e, founded by King David I. the Monks of the Order of St. Angufiin, which was formerly confumed by Fire, all but the Church, in which feveral qf the Scotijh Kings and Queens are interred.. On the North-fide of the City, in a pleafant Valley, is the Fkfick-Garden, of which the ingenious and learned Boltuijl Mr. James Sutherland was Overfeer, who was placed there by the excellent Founder Sir Andrew Balfour ; and who, hy his in¬ defatigable Lnduftry, has brought together fo many Plants, thatit tvas in 30 Years Time one of the belt flocked Gardens mEmft, ipagnitllSf,] The Number of Inhabitants increaling in Edinburgh from what they, were of Old, the City is now flretch- ea forth to the very Foot of the.Afcent to the Eafi:; fo that lie City and Suburbs of the Canon-Gate, and the King’s Palace, is jn Length an entire Scotch Mile: In Breadth, including lie Suburbs, half a Scotch Mile, and in Circumference three Milts. jfrifl), jrirtfj, or Above the Mouth of the River Tyne, upon the Doubling of the Shore, is a noble Ann of tie Sea, well furniflied with Hands; and by the Influx of many Rivers, and the Sea-Tides, is dilated to a great Breadth. M- py calls it Bodcria ; ’Tacitus, Bodotria ; the Scots, the Firlb or Frith; the Bnglijh, Edinhorotigb Fiith. BuilDittffS.] Befides the Cathedral and the other Churches, Chapels and Hofpitals, with the Parliament-Houfe al¬ ready defcribed, and the Colleges, which tvill be accounted for ivhen we come to the Univerfity, there is i ftrong Caflle, called by the Scots the Maiden■ Cape , bccaufe the Daughters of tie Fiflijh Kings were faid to have been taught here the Ufe ol their Needles. It is fituare at the Head of die Town, on the Weft, where the Hill rifes into a large Top. It is properly a Citadel, for it both hangs over and commands the Tosvn. The Rock on which it is fituated, is, upon the South, Well and North, inaccefiiblc. The Entiance mto the Caftle is from the 1 Town. The chief Defence on this Side, is the round Battuy, at the Foot whereof is a defigned Outwork, which is yet fcarce brought to a.Condition of Defence; but will add very much to the Strength of it when finiflied. In the Caflle alfo is a Royal Palace, built of fquare Stone, where the Regalia of the King¬ dom are kept. An Account whereof, I prelume, will not dif- pleafe the Reader, though it occafion fome fmall Digreffion- r The Imperial Crown of Scotland is of pure Gold, enriched with many precious Stones, Diamonds, Pearls, and curious En- amellings: Its Parts and Specifick Form are thefe:. Prim ** compofed of a large broad Curl or Fillet, which goes round the Head, adorned with Twenty-two large precious Stones, «• 'Topazps, Amethyils, Garnets, Emeraulds, Rubies, and Hyi- Book III. Of Great-Britain. ' 42 '$ rm-hs in Collets of Gold of various Forms, and with curious Enamellings: And betwixt each of thefe Collets of Stones, are interpofed great Oriental Pearls, one of which is wanting. 2. A- bov/the great Circle there is another fmall one formed with Twenty Points, adorned with the like Number of Diamonds and Saphires alternately; and the Points are topped with as nany great Pearls, after which Form are the Coronets of our Lords barons. 3. The upper Circle is relative, or heightned with ten Crolfes Flore'e, each being adorned in the Centre with a >reat Diamond betwixt four great Pearls placed in Crofs, ten, one and one: But fonie of the Pearls are wanting; and the Number extent upon the upper Part of the Crown, befides what are in the under Circle, and in the Crofs Patee, are Fifty- one ; and thefe Croffes Floree are interchanged with other ten high Fleurs de Lys, alternative with the aforefaid great Pearls below, - which top the Points of the fecond fmall Circle. Note, This is faid to be the ancient Form of the Crown .of Scotland fince the League made betwixt Achaius King of Scots, and Ckrlts the Great of France: The Specifick Form of this Crown differing from other imperial Crowns, in that it is heightened with Croffes Floree alternatively with Flairs de Lys, and that of Inland with Croffes Patee alternatively with Fleurs de Lys. The Crown of Scotland, fince King James VI. went to Eng¬ land, has been ignorantly reprefented by Herald-Painters, En¬ gravers, and other Tradefmen, after the Form of the Crown of bjfmd, with Croffes Patee; whereas there is not one but that which tops the Mond, but all Croffes Floree, fuch as we fee in our old Coins, and thofe which top our old Churches. Thefe Crowns were not anciently arched or clofe. Charles the Eighth of France is faid to be the firft in France who took a clofe Crown, ss appears by his Medals coined in the Year 1495, being defign*- ed laferator Orientis. Edward the Fifth of England, in the Year 1483, carried a clofe Crown, as isobferved by, Selden: And the Scotch Crown is arched thus: 4. From the upper Cir¬ cle proceed four Arches, adorned with Enamelled Figures, which meet and clofe at the Top, furmounted with a Mond of Gold,, or Celeilial Globe, Enamelled Blue Semee, Or, powdered with Stars, Croffed and Enamelled with a large Crofs Patee, adorned in the Extremities with a great Pearl; (fuch a Crofs tops the Church of Holy-Rood-Houfe) and cantoned with other four in the Angles. In the Centre of the Crofs Patee, there is a fquare Amethyil, which points the Fore-part of the Crown; and be¬ hind, or on the other Side, is a great Pearl, and below it, on the Foot of the Palar Part of the Crofs, are thefe Charaflers, 7 -R- 5. By which it feems that King James V. was the firlh that clofed the Crown with Arches, and topped it with a Mond or Crofs Patee. But it is evident, Primo, that the Money and Medals coined in the Reigns of King James III. and IV. have n clofe Crown; and it is no lefs clear, that the Arches of the Crown were not put there front the Beginning, or at the making 426 €&e piefcnt Paftir, ©f the Crown J becaufe, Prim, they are tacked by Tacks of Cold to the ancient Crown. 2. The Workmanlhip of tfe Arch is not fo good, and there is a finall Diftinftion in Finejtfj betwixt the firft and lad: the latter being of fuperfoe Gold and the other not fo exaSly to that Standard; Trial thereof Las been made. 3. The Tire or Bonnet of the Crown was of Purple Velvet; but in the Year i68y, it got a Cape of Crim. ion Velvet, adorned as before, with four Plates of Gold richly I wrought and enamelled, and on each of them a great Pearl half I an Inch in Diameter, which appears between the four Arches, and the Bonnet is turned up with Ermine 5 upon the lowed Cir¬ cle of the Crown, immediately above the Ermine, there are eight fmall Holes, difpofed two and two together on the four Quarters of the Crown, in the middle Space betwixt the Archer, to which they have laced or tied Diamonds or precious Stones, The Crown is nine Inches broad in Diameter, being Twenty, {even Inches about; and in Height, from under the Circle to the Top of the Crofs Patee, fix Inches and a half: It always Sands on a fquare Culhion of Crimfon Velvet, adorned with Fringes, and four Taflals of Gold Thread hanging down at each Corner. The Sceptre: The Stalk or Stem of the Sceptre being Silver double over Gilt, is two Foot in Length, of Hexagon Form, with three Buttons or Knots anfwering thereto: Betwixt the M Button and thefecondis the Handle, of Hexagon Form, furling in the Middle, and plain: Betwixt the iecond Button and the third there are three Sides engraven; on that under the Virgin Mary, one of the Statues that are on the Top of the Stalk, " the Letter J ; upon the fecond Side, nnder St. Jams, is ti Letter R ; and on the third, under St. Andrew, is the Figure 5. The Side betwixt 7 and R, is engraven with fourteen Fleurs it lys, and on the Side betwixt the Figure ; and the Letter J, a" ten Thillles continued from one Stem from the third Button the Capital. The three Sides under the Statues are plain, and on the other three are antique Engravings; visa. Sacramental Cups, antique Medufa's Heads, and Rullion Foliages. Upon the Top of the Stalk is an antique Capital of Leaves embolied; upon the Abacus whereof arifes round the prolonged Stem, fa- rounded with three Statues. Firft, that of the Bleffed Virgin, crowned with an open Crown, holding in her Right Arm 0 U BLESSED SAVIOUR, and in her left Hand a Mond ei figned with a Crofs. Next to her, on her Right Hand, Hands the Statue of St. Andrew in an Apoftolical Garment, and on his Head a Bonnet, like a Scot's Bonnet, holding in his Right Hand a Crofs, or Saltire, a Part whereof is broke off; and in his left, elevate, a Book open, on the Bleffed Virgin’s Left Hand- On St. Andrew's Right Hand ftands another Statue, feeming reprefent St. James, with the like Apoftolical Garment, and hanging Neck fuperadded thereto, and upon his Head a little Hat like to the Roman Pihm: In his Right Hand, half ele- Book III* of Great-Britain. 4^ " a Book open; and in his Left, a Paftorjd Staff, the Head •broke off; and above each Statue, being two Inches and an half excepting the Virgin, which is little lefs, the finilhing of a Qitlkk Niche. Betwixt each Statue arifes in a Rullion, in Form of a Dolphin, very diftinit, in Length four Inches, Foliage alonir the Body, their Heads upwards, and affronted inward ; and the Turning of their Tails ending in a Rofe or Cinque-Foil outward. Above thefe Rullions and Statues Hands another Hex- ,m Button, or Knot, with Oak Leaves under every Corner, and above it a Chryltal Globe of two Inches and a quarter Dia- iseter; within three Bars jointed above, where it is furmounted with fix Rullions: And here again with an Oval Globe topped with an Oriental Pearl, half an Inch Diameter, the whole Scep¬ tre in Length is Thirty-four Inches. The Sword is in Length five Foot; the Handle and Pommel are of Silver over gilt, in length fixteen Inches: The Pommel around, and fomewhat flat on the two Sides; on the Middle of each there is of Emboffed Work a Garland, and in the Cen¬ tre there have been two enamelled Plates, which are broke off. TheTraverfeor Crofs of the Sword being of Silver over gilt, is in Length feventeen Inches and a Half: Its Form is like two Dolphins, the Heads joining, and their Tails end into Acorns: The Shell is hanging downward; the Point of the Sword formed like an Efcalop flourilhed, or rather like a great Oak Leaf. On the Blade of the Sword are indented with Gold thefe Letters, Julius II. P. The Scabbard is of Crimfon Velvet^ covered with Silver, gilded and wrought in Pbilagrain Work in¬ to Branches of the Oak-tree Leaves and Acorns; on . the Scab, bard are placed four round Plates of Silver over gilt, two of them near to the Crampet are enamelled with Blue, and thereon in Golden Charaiters, Julius II. Pout. Max. P. C. At tire Mouth of the Scabbard, oppofite to the Neck, is a large fquare Plate of Silver enamelled. Purple, into a Cartouch, Jzure, an Oak-tree eradicated and fruited, Or. And above the Cartouch the Papal Enfign, viz. Two Keys in Saltire Adofce, their Bowls formed like Rofes, or Cinquefoils, tied with Trappings and Taffels Hanging down at each Side of the Cartouch. Above the Keys is the Papal Tiar, environed with three Crowns, with two Labels turned up, adorned with Crolfes. Pope Julius II. who gave this Sword to King James IV. had for his Armorial Fi¬ gures, an Oak-tree fruited; which is the Reafon the Sword is adorned with fuch Figures, a Hill, and a Star; which Figures I find not on any Part of the Sword; if they have been on the two enamelled Plates, which are loft off from the Pommel, I know not: But it is certain this Pope had fuch Figures, as appears by thefe Verfes made by Valloline, a famous Italian Poet; as the fame are mentioned by Hermanns Hermes, a Oman Writer, who gives us thefe Lines found in the Mo- nallery. #8: piefettt S>tate Parti* - Shiemis, Mans, fiella, formant tua Stemmata Prince}! Hifque trilus tr'mum jlat Diadema tuum. e [uta Nanis Petri, mediis notfleSitur Utidis, Motts teget a vento, Stellaque ir.onjirat iter , This Account was copied from the Principal Inventory. - This Caftle is the chief Magazine for the Arms and Aimm- nitiftn of the Nation ; and'has a moll pleafant Profpeft into tie neighbouring Fields and the Forth, from whence it is fainted by fuch Ships of War as come to Anchor in Leith Road ; and per¬ haps the Romans could not have found a better Place for a For- tification. The Governours of this Fortrefs, fince the Reiterati¬ on of King Charles III were the Earl of Middleton, the Dukes of Lauderdale, Qucenjbury, and Gordon. After the Acceffion of K. William and Q_Mary to the Throne of Scotland, the Earl of Leaser, was chief Commander of Edinburgh Callle, which Government was continued-to him by her late Majelly. The Royal Palace, which Hands where Holy-Rood Abby for¬ merly Hood, has its Name from thence: It has four Courts; the.outer Court, which is as big as all the reft, has four principal Entries, belides feveral Inlets into the adjacent Gardens, three of which are on the Weft, and the other on the Eajl-Side. The Entry of the Palace is adorned with noble Pillars of Stone, and a fine Cupola made like a Crown above it. The Fore-part of the Palace is terminated by four high Towers, two of which toward the North were erefted by King Janies V. and the red by King Charles II. TheFabrick of the inner Court is very, ftately, with Pillars round it, all of Stone. From thefe Piazzas there are PaiTages to the feveral Appartments, which are truly Royal and Magnificent: But above all, the Long Galley is re¬ markable, being adorned with the Pictures of all the Kings of Scotland, from Fergus II. downwards. The Palace on all Hands is bounded with lovely Gardens. On the South-Side lies the King’s Park, which is llored with great Variety of Medicinal Plants. Here is alfo an admirable Fountain, which, through Conduits, ferves the whole Houfe. Of the Government of the City of Edinburgh. The Ecclejiafiical Government of Edinburgh is according to the Prejbyterian Difcipline, as has been already difeourfed ffl the Chapter of Church-Government. They affemble orderly in .the Church, and Notice is taken of all that are abfent, and if, without lawful Caufe, upon Proof, are punifliabie as Propna- ners of the Sabbath. No Sports or Recreations, not fo niuth as Walking in the Fields, is tolerated on that Dayf Bur™ 3 at Edinburgh, and generally through the Kingdom, are performed without any Ceremony of Words, only the Bodies are decently . attended to the Grave by all that pleafe to go; of which toy Book III. Of GsEATrBRITAIN. 42£ 'have Notice by the ringing of a Hand-bell through the Street L the Crier, who fays, All Brethren and Stjiers, / let you to 'L 'that there is a Brother - or Sifter - departed at WiMtafure of Almighty God, &c. and then gives Notice when, he or fire is to be interred. This is all' the Invitation. And. when the dead Corpfe is filently laid in the Grave, the Funeral lifts are ended, and the Company retire every one to their fe-, vend Habitations. CiblKSobernment,] The Government of Edinburgh is in oeneral much the fame with that of moll; of the other- Royal hrihs, of which it is the chiefeft, though in moll Burghs there are Tome Variation from the Government of the reft. The Magiftrates and Council of the good Town of Edinburgh, as it k peculiarly called, are a Provoft, four Bailiffs, a Dean of Guild, a Trcafurer, fix Deacons of Crafts, and two Craftfmen. This Council governs the Town, and no others are allowed to b* prefent with them, except in extraordinary Cafes, in which the fourteen Deacons of Crafts may be convened. Some of thefe extraordinary Cafes are Eleftions of Magiftrates, who are "all annual, and ufually chofen about Michaelmas, fetting of Fines,. or any other manner of Tacks, giving of Benefices, or other Offices of Burgh, building of publick Works, and difpofmg of tie common Stock above fuch a Sum. _ The Powers and Privileges of the City of Edinburgh are very' confiderable; but what they anciently were, is not diftindlly known, moll of the. ancient Charters of that City being loft through the Calamities of the Times. In general, it is certain, that their Privileges and Rights were at leaft as extenfive as the Privileges and Rights of any other Royal Burgh in the King¬ dom. Edinburgh was one of the four Burghs that affifted die Chamberlain in the falling of Dooms; and when Berwick and Roxburgh were in the Hands of the Englijh, King David IJL in the Parliament of Perth, 1384, joined Linlithgowzsri Lanerk to Edinburgh and Sterling, in the room of Berwick and Rox¬ burgh ; and in King James the lid’s Time, the good Town of Edinburgh obtained a Charter, by which the Court of the four Burghs, which gave Rife to the Convention of the Burghs, fhould always in Time coming be held at Edinburgh, as the Convention of Burghs has been ufually held fince. The Magiftracy of Edinburgh have the entire Jurifdiction of Sheriffs within the City, and without the City, from Inchbuck- liebrae Eaft, to Cramond-Water Weft, and as far to the South ' as the Mid-water of the Forth reaches towards the North. The troveft is principal Sheriff, the Bailiffs are jointly and feverally his Deputies. All Efcheats of Perfons guilty of Crimes that, have been convened before them as Sheriffs, fall to them, as alfo the Efcheats of all,who have been put to the Horn within their Bounds; as alfo the Efcheats of their own Inhabitants, convidt of any Crime before any other Judge of the Kingdom. They ate Juftices of the Peace, and Coroners alfo within their own 43$ €6c ^?efeirt ©fclte Part if Bounds, and have Rights of Admiralty over the Coails of ty own Sheriffdom. ' The Lord Provojl of Edinburgh, as he is always Riled, calls the Convention of Burghs by his own MiJJives: And in the la. tervals of Conventions, if there is a Fear of any Infradlion of the Privileges of the Burgh, the Magiftracy of Edinburgh have a Right to take Notice of it, and to prevent any Encroachments upon their. Privileges, which may pais by private Giants funep’. titiouflyobtained from the Sovereign. The Power of gathering and regulating the Militia of fie Town, lies within it felf, and they are exempt from quartering of any Soldiers, except what belong to themfelves, without their own Leave, upon any Occaiion. The Towns of Leith and .Newhaven are under their Jurifdi&ion: And as to their Power, whatfoever is neceffaiy for the Confervation of the Peace, or Prefervation and Encouragement,of Trade, is lodged in the Hands of the Lord Provoft and the Council of the City. When K. Henry VI. of England was in Exile in Scotland, ia Edward IV’s Time, he fray’d long in Edinburgh, where he was vety kindly entertained; in Confideration whereof, he gave them, a Grant, the Original of which is ffill extant among the Records of that City, impowering the Merchants pf that City to trade and traffick within the Kingdom of England, and to | pay no other Duties for Importing or Exporting any Commodi¬ ties than what the Citizens of the City of London would be obliged to pay in fuch Cafes; and granting to them the fame Franchifes and Privileges which the Citizens of London do any where enjoy throughout that whole Kingdom. The Lord Provoll is Right Honourable by his Office, and the Council take the Title of Honourable. Of the Royal College of Phyftcians in Edinburgh. I That Edinburgh might want no Accommodation for Men of Letters, King Charles II. ere&ed a College of Phyficians in j Edinburgh, giving them, by Patent under the Great Seal, an ample Jurifdi&ion within this City and the Liberties thereof, commanding the Courts of Jufticc to affiil them in the Execution of their Orders. They have the foie Faculty of profeffing Pny- lick. They hold Conferences once a Month for the Improve¬ ment of Medicine, and they have begun to ereft a Library. This College confifts of aPrefident, twoCerifors, a Secretary) and the ordinary Society of Fellows, who upon St. Andrew s Day, if it fall on a ‘Ihurfday , or if not, the ffrft <[bur(dhy after, ele& feven Counfellors, who choofe the Prelident and the other. Officers for the enfuing Year. By their .Charter the Prefident ana Cenfors have Power to convene before them' all Perfons that prefume to pra&ife Phyfick within the City of Edinburgh, or the Liberties thereof, without the Licence of the College, ana Book III. of Great-Britain. 4,3.1; o fine them in five Pounds Sterling. They arealfo impowered to vifit Apothecaries Shops, and examine themfelves; with fa vetal other Rights and Privileges. Of the College of Heralds. The principal Officer in the Scotijh Court of Honour, is Lion at Arms, who has fix Heralds, fix Purfuivants, and a great Number of Meflengers at Arms under him. He is obliged to. hoidtwo peremptory Courts in the Year at Edinburgh, on the. 6th of May, and 6th of November, and to. call Officers of Arms and their Cautioners before him upon Complaint ; and if found. culpable upon Trial, to deprive and fine them and their Cauti¬ oners. Lion and his Brethren the Heralds have Power to vifit the Arms of Noblemen and Gentlemen, and to dillinguiih them with Differences, and to regifter them in their Books, as alfo to inhibit fuch as bear Arms, as by the Law of Arms ought not to bear them, under the Pain of Efcheating the Thing to the King whereon the Arms are found, and loot. Scots to "lion and his Brethren, or of Imprifonment during Lion's Pleafnre. And, by Advice of the Lords of the Seffion, all Magiftrates, as required;. W 1 concur with Lion to execute the Statutes in his Favour, un¬ der the Pain of Rebellion, with Certification, that Letters may be direfbed againft them ftmpliciter. Lion {os matriculating the Arms of Noblemen, is to have 20 Marks, of Knights and Ba¬ rons 10 Marks, and of all others that have a Right to bear . Arms, ; Marks. Lion and his Brethren are alfo the Judges of the Malverfation of Meflengers, whofe Bufmefs is to execute Summons and Letters of Diligence for Civil Debt, Real or Per¬ iod, The laft Step of Perfonal Diligence is called a Caption, which is a Warrant to feize the Debtor’s Perfon: In the Execu¬ tion whereof, he toucheth. the Party to be taken with his Rod or iff which is one of the Badges of his Office. They are called Mejfengers at Arms, from the Imprefs of the King’s Arms ®™ lr ®az°n, which is a Piece of Brafs or Silver fixed upon the Meffenger’s Bread, to difeover his Warrant and Authority Wien he difeharges the Duty of his Office: And the refilling him "Win, is a Crime, in the Law of Scotland, called Deforcement. Hofpitals. f If 1 j 0 /UMPlftlU] Heriofs Hofpital is a publick School, tended by George Heriot-, Jeweller to King James VI. defeend- l»m the Family of Trebourn; who after he had loff two Sons J>pwreckgoingfrom Scotland to London, and dying without „ ue ’ , ' ' 5 > 1624. I e fc in Legacy to this Hofpital, ndred Tboujand Pounds Scots Money, that Youth might be maintained therein, and inftrufled in Arts and Sciences ’till - they e of mature Age, and left the City of- Edinburgh his Exccu- 432 P?2fcnt 0tate Part If; tqrs.. It is properly a Nurfeiy for Boys, in which the Citizenj'. Children who are poor, are brought up under die Tutelage of' aGovernour; who, according to the Conftitution of the Fount der, is to live ftngle. If the Boys prove Scholars, they are fenf to the College, and have an Exhibition of 7 /. Sterling per Annua-, and if put to Trades, have r 1 l. Sterling to bind them Appren¬ tices, and furniih them with NecelTaries. They have likewifea Chaplain to inllrua them in die Grounds of Learning, ’till they are fitted for the publick Schools and Colleges. The Fabrick of this Hofpital is very fiately, and the Statue of the Founder is erefted upon the Inner Frontijpiece. Round about the Houfe aw- very pleafant Gardens, adorned with large Walks and delightful Greens. St. 3 Tf)Otna 0 ’&] Near the Collegiate Church of the Sami ‘trinity is St. Thomas's Hofpital, in which the poorer Sort of In- habitants, both Men and Women, are liberally maintained, aid have their own proper Chaplain. There was a Maiden-Hofpital, founded and liberally endowed: here in the Year 1702, for the Relief and Education of young Girls, by fome of the Merchant Company, who were much en¬ couraged thereto by Mary Erjkin, Relift of James Hairt, Drug- gift in Edinburgh ; who not only purchafed convenient Lodgings, with pleafant large Yards, and other Accommodations for the. Hofpital, but alfoleft them a confiderable Sum of Money. The Work has been confiderably advanced by Mortification and Do¬ nations from other Perfons, both in Town and Country s and out of a virtuous Emulation, the Tradefmen or Artificers of Edinburgh have inllantly founded and endowed another Mafia- Hofpital. ' , Houfe of CorreSHon. Over-againft the Collegiate Church of the Sacred Trinity's the Houfe of Correction, commonly called Paul’s Work, in which' there are diverfe Manufaftories of Linnen, Wool, and Silk;. where diffolute Perfons are forced to earn their Living by their Labour. Vhe Bafie. The Baffe is a little Ifland-within the Forth, about a Mile diftant from the Shore. The Profpefts of it, as reprefented in Sletter's Theatrum Scotice, will fufficiently lhew the Difficulty of Accefs to it. Upon the Top of this Ifland is a Spring, which - fiimilhes the Garrifon with Water, and there is alfo Paftungefot 20 or 30 Sheep. ’Tis alfo famous for the great Flocks of Fowls, which refort thither in the Months of May and June, the Sur¬ face of it being almoft covered with Neds, Eggs, and young' Birds. The moft delicious among thefe different Sorts, are Book III. Of Gre at-Br itain. 433. J ohndGiefi and Kettle Waike. There is only one Bland mors in the Weft at Scotland, called Aiifey, where thefe Gee/e do breed; and from thefe two Places the Country is furnilhed with them during the Months of July and Augujl. This Ifland of the fop was an ancient Pofleftion of the Family of Lauder, and in the Reign of King Charles 11 . it was bought of them, 'and tm- nexed to the Crown. ThisGarrifon is commanded and kept by an Eniign, a Ser¬ jeant, a Corporal, and Soldiers; whofe Pay is as follows. The Enfign’s per Diem, is The Seijeant, - — The Corporal, - The Soldiers are taken out of his MajeftyY Regiment of Guards, and paid with them, with an Allowance of 2 d. Sterling to each of them, which drakes their Pay. qd. per diem. The Town Company of Edinburgh is atprefent commanded by Two Cal:tain-Lieutenants, lately chofen, who have each 4 5 tulingper Diem for their Pay. Here it may not be amifs juft to mention fome of the Caftles, »f Scotland: The Three chiefeft of which, are Edinburgh, Dumbarton, and Sterling Cafties. The moft conftderable after thefe Three, are If and Donnand Caftle, (landing on a Rock, which is a Pe- ninfula on the Weft-fide of Kintail in the Shire of Raft j it has a Garrifon of the King’s Forces. hmefs Caftle Hands on a Hill in the Town and Shire of 7 s. mils. The Duke of Gordon is Heritable Keeper of it, and there is a Garrifon in it. The Caftle'of Blacknefs in the Shire of Galloway has a Gar. rifon. The Caftle of Dunjlafage on the Weft-Coaft of Lorn. The Duke of Argyle is Heritable Keeper of it. All thefe above belong to his Majefty. The Caille.of Glengary in the Shire of Iwvcrncfs, has a Garri- lon, and it is the Property of Alexander Mac-Dcnald of Glengary. The Caftle of D wart, pofleffed by the Duke of Argyle, and la that Shire has a Garrifon. Caftle 'Tyrom in Moydort, on the Weft-Coaft.over-againft Mull-' Garrifon, and is the Property of Alexander Mac-Do*. The Mount-Fort in Scalloway, is a large Rock about 12 Paces !, l ' le Ground. It is capacious for Muttering a Regiment of p 1 There are fome Houfes within'it. There are 38 Iron • Ulls on the Wall, and it commands Brrjla-Sound in Schetland, F f Univer- 1 . s. d. $34 Cfje $tatf Part Ii Univerfuies of Scotland. The Ur.lverfttiesm Scotland are Four; St. Andrews, GlaJ, jj* ( Aberdeen, and Edinburgh. . In . defcribing thefe Umvcrfniti, I Jliall premife fpme few particular '1 flings concerning the Foun- dation of eveiy Univerfsty by itfelf, and then I (hall give an Account of. tiie.Difcipline and Method of Study ufed in the Vniverfity of Edinburgh ,.which will be fufficient.to give the Englijb Reader a full View of all the red. 3n)e JUwtaGtp of S?t. Was founded by Bilhop Henry Wardlow, A. D. 1412, and endowed with very ample Privileges. The Archbifhops of St. Andrew's were formerly Chancellors _ of that Univerfity, bat how it is governed by a ReSor, who is yearly-chofen, and hat the fame Authority with the Vice-Chancellors' of Oxford and Cambridge, and, by the Statutes of the- Univerfity, ought to be one of the Principals of the Colleges. A Profeffcr of Mathe-, maticks was lately added to this Univerfity. It has three Coh j leges, St. Salvator s, St. Leonard's, and St. Mary's College. St. Salvator’s, commonly called the Old College, was founded b/ "James Kennedy, ■ Archbifhop of St. Andrew's, who built tie | Edifice, together with a Church, wherein he has @ curious Mo- iiument. He furnilhed it with coftly Ornaments, and endowed it with a fufficient Revenue for the Maintenance of a 1 ’rovoll, Mailers-and'Profeffors. At the firft Foundation it was endowed with, a DoSor, a Batchelor, and a Licentiate in Divinity, Four j Profelfors of Philofophy, and Eight Poor Scholars, called Bttrjon, who are- here inftrudted Gratis. Dr. Skene, late Principal of this College, repaired and augmented it, and alfo founded a Li¬ brary, which.is now well furnilhed with Books. St. Leonard's College was founded by John Hepburn, f rior of S\. Andrew's, A.D. 1524, who endowed it with a Maintenance for a Principal or Warden, who is always to be a DoSor of Dr aiinity, four Profeffors of .Pbilofcphy, called Rtgents, and eight poor Scholars. Sir John Scot added aProfeffor.of PhilolopW 1 . a liberal Maintenance, and augmented the Library with the Gift of feveral confiderable Volumes; which was iir.ee increafed by the munificent Colleftion of Books left to it by Sir John D'd --| ierburn .,. St. -Mary's, or New College, was founded by James Rcais’i Archbillibpof St. Andrew's , A.D.' 1536, and endowed withio .Maintenance for two.Profelfors, who are to be Dqftors of ;vjnity: iOnp, 0 ed Principal Profrffor of Theology! theotH only Profcjfor of Theology ... To. thefe was lately, added a ft? - ■ feffor of. Matbematich ; for. the Improvement of wjucB.Sc#®!** the firft ..Profellbr, Mr. James Gregory, procured an OF/trty Book ill. GR e at-Br i t a i n. 435 /srt to be eredted in the College-Garden, furnifhed with many Mathematical Instruments. No Pbilofiphy is taught in this College. . , 2 % Bnitorfifp of (SSlafgoto, 5Was founded by Archbiihop Turnbull, and by Pope Nicholas V. endowed with the Privileges of a Univerfity after the Man¬ ner of Bo'ttouia. It had originally confiderable Revenues for thfe Maintenance of a RcSor, a Dean of Faculty, a Principal or Warden to teach Divinity, and three Profeffors to teach Philofo- fij. The Privileges of this Univerfity were confirmed by King JaatsU, III, IV, and V. and by Queen Mary ; and yet it was almoll deferted, if King fames VI. in his Minority had not granted it a new Charter, bellowed the Tythes of the Church of Gwen upon it, and countenanced it by Adis of Royal Bounty and Munificence, A. D. 1577. But that was not all, for in the Year 1617, he eftablilhed 12 Perfons in the College, tik. a Principal, three Profeffors of Philofopbi, called Regents, four Bar fans, an Oeconomus, or a Provider, a 'Principal Servant, a Janitor, and a Cook. K. Charles ratified all its ancient Privi¬ lege!, and gave Money to repair the Fabrick. i The like did King Charles If. at the Requell of the Ellate's of Parliament. The Archbifhops of GlaJ'gtm were formerly perpetual Chancel¬ lors of this Univerfity; but now it is governed by a Redlor, who is the chief Magiiirate of the Place under the King, and is an¬ nually elefled. The Coliege is feparated from the reft of the Town by an exceeding high Wall, the Precinfts whereof are en¬ larged and adorned by the Care and prudent Adminiftration of the then Principal, Dr. Fall, lately Precentor of York. The College is one uniform Square well built; has a little Chapel, feveral Schools, a Common Hall, a well digefted Library, and behind the College a large Garden furrounded with a high WalL SljeflKniberfifp.of itoroeeiL '' In the Reign of K. Alexander II. A. D. 1213, here was & Studmm Generale in Collegia Canonicorum, with three Profeffors, badors of Divinity, and of the Canon and Civil Laws, and many learned Menflourilhed therein. ' ''' K. James IV. and William Ilphinfion, Bifhop of Aberdeen, procured from Pope Alexander V 1 . the Privilege of an Uni-ver- m to Aberdeen, A. D. 1494, which is endowed with as ample Privileges as any Univerfity in Cbrijlendcm, and the Foundation ts conformable to that of the Univerfities of Paris and Bondriia, 1 Oxford and Cambridge, becaufe there were Wars at tha Time between England and Scotland. .the Bifhops of Aberdeen were’ formerly perpetual Chancel- lrl this Univerfity; had Power to vifit in their ciwri PerfoM, F f z and 43* CUe^fentaate Partly. and, reform Abufes; and .-even when .they werg hflt-.Docloi5..of-; Divinity themielves, had Authority to confer that; Degree.on. others. The Office of Vice-Chancellor -was then,'lodged°in- the Official ,pr Commiffary of Aberdeen; but now it is governed by a Redlor annually chofen, who, with the Affiitance ofhis fout Afleffors,-takes Cognizance of Abufes, &c. in that Univerfity,- Ih this Univerfity are two Colleges, one .-in Old sheriff. founded by Bilhop William Elphinfton, A. D. t;oo, which u called 7 he King's College, from K. James IV. who affumed the Patronage of it. It is featedon the South-fide of the Tow, and forNeatnefs and Statelinefs far exceeds the reft,.of'the" ^ Houfesj one Side is covered with Slate, and the other with Lead. This College has a Principal, a Profeffor of Divinity, a j Profeffor of Civil Law, a Profeffor of Phyfick, a Sub-Principal/- who is alfo a Profeffor of Philofophy, three other Profeffors of Pliilofophy, and a Profeffor of Languages. - ..In.New Aberdeen is a College, called the Marefchalm An-- demy, founded by George Keith, Earl-Marefchal of Sailed, A. D. 1693, which the City of Aberdeen has very much adorn¬ ed with, feveral'additional Buildings, beftdes adding -a Primary,' Profeifor, called The Principal. It has four Profeffors yf PH. lofophy, one of Divinity, and one of Mathematicks. Here ii al¬ fo a famous Library, founded by the Citizens; fupplied with; Books by the-Bentfactions of ieveral learned Men, ana well fur-, nilhed with Mathematical Itillruments. This College with that in the' Old Town makes one Univerfity,- called The Uniwrjit)if King Charles II. Hfije SUnitarfitp of CDihburglj, Was. founded by King James VI. A. D. 1580, who endow¬ ed it with as ample Privileges as any Univerfity in Europe. The Magitlrates of Edinburgh are Curators, and the Provo/l is dm-, eelior. The Buildings are rather convenient than line; they have a Common-Hall, Schools for every Profeffion, two Libraries, ■a Printing-Hotife, and a good many Chambers, in which tte Students may lie. if they pleafe. The Students do not cat in common,- and at Edinburgh they have no dillindh Habit, as they have in other Univerfities of Scotland, where the'Students went ’Red Gowns. No Tejl or Subfcription is offered to a Student at his Admiffion, but every Man is free to come that will. In this Univerfity are taught Divinity, Phihfophy, h'olfofr ticks, Ecclejiajlical Hijlory, the Eajlirn Languages, Oratiri, ] Humanity, Roman Hijlory, and Greek ; for all which there is a Profffr, and a Principal that overfees them -all, and -prefides .'among them when they meet as a Faculty. Every one of their Profeffors-, and all Officers in the Univerfity, fwear to acinswefy gibe. Government as nenv eRalPiJhed, Civil and Eccltjiojliedi they fubferibe to the Confffon of Faith, and declare their Coa- Book III. of GR^AT-BRilTXiN, 437. family to the Kirk-Government, and that they timer voillp di- <01 or indireftly, endeavour the Subverfon ofthe fame. ftom June 20, to Oflober zo, is a Vacation of all -ProfeJJions lut Humanity, and from Augujl 1, to OSoberi', for'that 'too. iill the Profefors are paid by-their Pupils, except thofe of Di- ■ vkil) and Ecclejiaftical Uiftory, who for that Reafon have larger Salaries than the reft. - The Principal confers all Degrees; reads a ; Leflure in Di- vieilf in the Common-Hall once a Week, at which Students and frtfiffon conftantly attend. He prefides at Examinations and' Trials of Students, and takes an Account of their Behaviour;- in Ihort, it is his Bufinefs to overfee all the Members of the Uni-' veriity: He has no Money from the Scholars, but has a Salary from the City, and good Lodgings within the Uniyerfity. ■ ■ The Students in Divinity are divided into four or five Gaffes," according to their Number. They meet once a Week, tocon- ferabout their Studies, and to give each other an Account of what they have read, and what Obfervatiohs they have made upon their Reading. The Profejfor attends every Day in the Week but Saturday. On Mondays the Exercifes are in Englijh,- which are a Homily, or PraSical Difcourf, a Prejbyterial Ex- mifi, or an Exercife and Addition, i. e. when one Student- handles the Text critically, folves its Doubts, and Paraphrases it atlall; after which another Student opens its Doflrines, and con- fas them with proper Reafons: Thefe Exercifes are tolaft but half an Hour a-pieceand laft of all a Leflure, in which a Portion of Scripture is paraphraftically and praflically explained. OnTuefday either the Profejfor reads a Latin Leflure in Divinity, or elfe they have a Collatio Dogmatical; the Manner of which is this: On the Tuefday preceding, the Profejfor gives the S ta¬ ints a Queftion, upon which they, are to anfwer the Queftions that ihall be propofed ; which they do thus: The Profejfor be- , gins with Hating the Queftion hiftorically, and then defires any one Student to give an Account of the various Opinions about it; afks another which is the right Side of the Queftion ? Speaks to a Third to prove it; and commands a Fourth to de¬ fend it againft his Objeflions; after which the Profejfor deter¬ mines upon the Whole. This is all done in Latin. . Wednefday is appointed for Students newly entered, who are examined upon kme little Syftem which is put into their Hands; fuch as the. Cmffjfm of Faith, Marcij Medulli, Pamus upon Urfn's Cate- chiiins, and the like. Thurfday is fet apart for Divinity Depu¬ tations. They are opened by a Pcfttion, which , they call an Lxtgefs, in which the Queftion is fully and clearly ftated by the Refpondent, who is then oppofed by two or three other Students in their Turns,; during which Time, the Profejfor moderates, and folves the Difficulties which the Refpondent cannot over- tome. On Friday a Queftion, in ,Church- Hiftory is debated, . or tte there is a Scriptural Conference, in which Queftions of Senfe' i er 43 B A €Ijc ^isfent 'Partif or Hiftory, or'anyoiher Difficulties obferved In £ Chapter of the Bible, propofed the Friday preceding by the Pidfiffifr,. are’ anfweedby th ^.Students', as the Profeffor (ball propofe themj- S all which Difficulties thfc Profeffor is obliged to clear fully after' the Student! have given their judgments. ;: -■ Ja Philo fopby there are four Regents or Prof effort j they teach Pbilofiphy and Greek. Every Regent has his Clafs; which Claffes are divided according to the Years that, the Students hive been entered in the Univerfity. The Students' now do every Year change the Regent as well as their School; for one of the; four Profeffors of Pbilofiphy is eflabliihed conllant Profeflbr of Greek, under whofe Tuition the Students continue the firitYear, Thefecond Year they learn Logick and Metaphyftcks fromano ; ther Profeflbr; and the third Year they come under the lnfpec- tion of a third Profeflbr, who teaches Natural Pbilofiphy. The fourth Regent has no fixed Clafs, but reads publick Leftures of Mathcmaticks, Moral Pbilofiphy, and Natural Religion', to all that pleale to come and hear him. This is the New Schmid teaching in the College of Edinburgh ; but the Phihfopliy Fro- feflors in the other Colleges are not yet moulded into this Faftioa: But at St ; Andrew's afid Glafgonv they have already a fixed aid conllant Profeflbr of Greek. The firit Year the Students,vh are called Bajans, are taught only Greek. The next Year they change the School, but not their Regent; they are then called die Semi-Clafs. That Year they learn Logick, and every Dry readfome Greek. Th e Profeffor, as he is now called, iMrates fome printed Syllem of Logick, and makes them difpute upon a Logical Quellion. This Year every Student is oblged to recite an Oration publickly before his Profeflbr. The third Year, without changing their Profeflbr, they remove into another School, where, under the Name of Batchelors , they fludy Hi- taphyfichs and Etbicks. The Metapbtjtcks which are read to them are ufually T>e Erie's, or Le Clere's. In Etbicks, befides feme fliort Account of the Pallions and Virtues thereunto belonging, they read Pufendorf de Officio Nominis IN Civil, and Grotm it Jure Belli & Pads, arid they have frequent Deputations upon Quefuons arifing in thefe Sciences. The fourth Year, retaining' flill the fame Profeflbr, they are taught Natural Pbilofiphy. U Clere's Phyficks is the Book chiefly received; then alfo they read Greek: This is the IaftYear, after which they go out Mafiers of Arts ; and for that Reafon this is caiied the Mtrff- j trandCldfi. Every Student at his Entrance gives bis Regent* Premium, which is not fettled, only never lefs than a Guinea's given any Body ; and this is his Tuition Money'for one whole Year. , About the ioth of December, every Year, there arePnpuciC Examinations of all the Clafles. The Semi-Claft is examined foil. They are examined by'the Principal and every ProfelTo;, but their own, in the Studies proper to every.Clafs. This isper- formed in the Common-Nail. £ vel Y 44° • W P^efeht State Partii, The Profeffor of Humanity, Roman Hijlory, and Oraf* teaches from OAoler i. to Augu(l i, is paid by his Scholar;, jJ the Prof effort of Philofopby are, and convenes them at the Times. Students ufually flay two Years in this Clafs before tie; learn Greek. • The Profeffor of the Eajlern Languages reads once aWeel in the Common-Hall, and convenes his Scholars every Day.. There is a new Profeflion eredted in the Univerfity of ft. lurgb, for the Law of Nature and Nations: The Salary if 150/. Sterling per Annum. Any Member of the Univerfity may fludy in the Library Gratis, and may, for paying a Crown, have Leave to borrow any Book out of it. Every Monday Adorning, from Seven to Nine, the Prolife explains the Confsffon of Faith, or fome fhort Syftem of Din. nity to his Clafs. During the Seffions of the Univerfity (/, r, in Term-time, as we call it in England) the great Bell rings at Nine at Night, and by Ten the Gates are fhut, after which none can have Accefs. FINIS. '(:!• fa.*- LIS T Of all the Offices and Officers IN NORTH-BRITAIN , or Scotland. PART'D. NUMBER I. ^ Nobility of Scotland, and their Second Titles. Dukes 10. Their eldeft Sons. 'AMES Hamilton, Duke'i ^Hamilton, and Duke s/> Marquis s/’CIydefdale. Brandon in England. ) Francis Scot, Duke ofl „ . . , Buccleugh. J \Earhf Dalkeith. . atles Lenox, Duke nf Lenox, and\ v , , *>* if R'chmond in England, \ Earl * March ‘ A f Cofmo- . %l)t J&efent.State. Partij. Cofmo-Gegrge , Gordon, Duke of) Gordon ,-•:■[ j Charles Douglafs,- Duke of Qiieenf-T -.i ‘ h^-.diTd^Dnh -Of Dover /» Erig-|^W?>Drdmlarii^ Archibald Campbell, Duke of Argyle, Marquifs of Um '' Arch. Douglafs,b/-Doaglal,. - -EarhJfiml *■ James Murray, Duke of Athol, and),, ; Lori Strange in England, J Mw i- Tribbairden, Wiliam Grahame, Duke o/Montrofs, WGrahame Robert Ker, Duke of Roxburgh, • Marquifs o/Beaumont. MARQUISSES 3. Their elded $&. John Hay, Marquifs of Tweeddale, Lord Yfier, William-Henry Ker, Marquifs of Lo-"" George Johnllon, Marquifs of Ann-tm j EARLS 54. Their eldeil John Lindfay, Earl of Crawford, Mary Hay, Comtefs of Errol, Lora nay. William Sutherland, Earl of Suther-} ... , land - • ■ t Zon/ Strathnaver. John Lefly, Earl of Rothes, * Lord Lefly.- - James Douglafs, Earl of Morton, iWAberdour. David Erlkin, Earl of Buchan, Lord Cardros. Wfc c*** gi„- John Kennedy, Earl of Caflils, John Sinclair, Earl of Caithnefs, James Stuart, Earl of Murray, William Hume, Earl of Hume, . Charles Fleming, Earl of Wigton, Thomas I,yon, Earl of Strathmore, Lora uiamm , Thomas Hamilton, Earl o/\Aberrcone, Zs>v/Paiiley. -. Alexander Erlkin, Earl of Kellie, Zwv/Pittenween. Thomas Hamilton, Earl of Madding- j ^Bining James Stewart, Earl of Galloway, Lord Gairles. John Maitland, Earl of 1 Lauderdale, Lord Maitland. -.George Hay, Earl of Kinnoul, IWDupplin. James Campbell, Earl of Lowdon, Lord Maudlin. William Crighton, Earl of Dumfries, Lord Crighton. —Alexander, Earl of Sterling, Lord Alexander. Char! Lord Lindfay. Lord Hay. Zorn'Kennedy. Lord Berrendale. Lord Doun. Lord Dunglafs. Lord Fleming. Lord Glammis. puua of GrE AT-Br ITAlrf. ,3 Charles Bruce, Earl of Elgin, and 1 g rllce ^ Kinlofs. Lhf Aylelbury in England,. J Chari’S Stewart, 0 /Traquair, , __ Lord Linton. ?f Weems */Weems, Lord Ekho. SJfRamfty. Earl of Dalhoufie, Lord Ramfay. [iira es Ogilvy, £nr/ of Fmlator and < ud Delk f or a. SeafieU, ' Alexander Lefly, Earl of Leven and | ior ^ Balgonie. LySalmaih, £W of Dyfert, Lord Huntingtoure. John Hamilton, Earl of Selkirk and 1 Lord Caire DavidCarnegy, Earl of Northeik, Lord Rofehill. William Bruce, Earl of Kincardm, James Lindfay, Earl of, Balcaras, Charles Gordon, Earl of Aboyn, Wm. Cochran, Earl of Dundonald, George, Earl of Dumbartan, John Keith, Earl of Kintcre, John Campbell, Earl of Breadalbane, Wm. Gordon, Eat l of Aberdeen, John Murray, Earl of Dunmore, Lad} Ann Hamilton, C. of Orkney, Wm. Douglas, Earl of tVlarch, Hugh Hume, Earl of Marchmont James Carmichael, Earl of Hyndford, John Dalrymple, Earl of Stair, James Primrofe, Earl of Rofeberry, David Boyle, Earl of Glafgow, Charles Collier, Earl of Portmore, John Stewart, Earl of Bute, John Hope, Earl of Hoptoun, Henry Scot, Earl of Delorain, Lord Bruce. Lord Cummerland. Lord Glenlivet. Lord Cochran. Isrr/Inverury. Lord Glenorchie. Lord Haddo. Lord Fincaftle. Lord Kirkwall. Lord Nidpath. Lord Polwarth. , Lord Carmichael. Lord Dalrymple, Lord Dalmeny. Lord Boyle. Lord Millington. Lord Mountlluart. Lord Hope. Lord Hermitage. VISCOUNTS. 9. Lueius-Hcnry Cary, Vifcount \ Falkland, David Murray, V. Stormont, John Arbuthnet, V. Arbuthnet, Robert Mac Gill, V. Oxcnford, Arthur Ingram, Vif Irwin, • Peregrin Olborn, V. Dunblain, Charles Graham, V. Prefton. James Drummond, V . Stra- ; thallan, Patrick Crawford, Vif. Gar- | nock. BARQNS «'€ijc4®|efenf®tate^' Jijpi mIB AlR O N S' 3 i y James Forbes, lor/Forbesf’ Alexander Frafer, L. Salton, JoKS Gray, Char. Cathcart,.Z. Gathcart, ; GriDouglaspiMordington, Hugh Setnple; A; Semple, 1 ] -Elphingilon, L. Elphing- dton,V', :• Francis Olrphantf.i.. Oliphant, Henry Borthwick," L. Borth- ' wickf' , - If George iZ.'Hofs,' ■ James Somervel, L. Somervel, ids, L. Torphi- Francis-Napier, £, Napier, Thomas Fairfax, L. Umeiffli, Alexander Lefly, L. Lihdores, -—--Stesyart, l. Blantyre, James Crafllton, L. Cranfton, George Mackay,'A. Rae, ft' Win'. Forrelterr L. Forreller^ George Ogilvy; ArBamff,..; I John Colvil.'T'.'Colvil-s/.G'i!. | ' rofs, --Murray, L. Eliliai, David Falconerj . Lri Hit- kerton, John Hamilton,'£: BelhV»eni Robert.Rollo,- irRollo, James Ruthven, L Ruthvra, Rutherford, alias Durie, l. ; iRutherford, John Bellenden, L. Eelbdtn, : William Leflie,, £<»'«'Neipvsri;, , Charles Kinnaird,'A. KimtaM. ' N E R II. _ A List of the Knights Brethren of the moft Am! vv; ^latidwoft IsoMe°Ordef of tb'e Thtflle* 1 George !!.- King of Great-Britain, Sovereign. F rancis, Duke.of Hue-, cleugh. „ . Cnarles, Ear! s/TankerVille. ' , Charles, Earl of Portmore. ' •;ja'me?,vtDA^/’Athbi. ; William, Maryuifs ofAjsii liiam . ,! fi »/ • James, Earl of Morton. j: John,' Earl of Bute. John, Earl of Hyndford. Augullus, Earl of Berkley. Lionel, Earl of Difert. James, Earlof’Mnmysrs.' Cofmo, Duke ofGoidon ,:' fiopHII, $• N U M:B'M III. „,,•/ \ , r „ 5 the Officers of . State. . ■ ; ,, lJ;c - { ,, Msl A Acbil.aU, Dukevof^gjiAr, Keeper of the Seatnfedin'Placi . of the GreatrSeal ; Salary 3000/.. per Annum jin ’ ■fiats, .D uke of Athol, Lord Privy-Seal,: Sal.^obo UferdAnsi. ■ William ,.■ Marquifs of Lothian,. Lord Regifter 5 Salary.fi 2pO#i fir Annum. . William Grant-, Efq; Lord Advocate j Salary 100 61 . per, Atm. hhevs Butcher, Efq; Lord juljdce.Clerk; ^ak.^aoi.'perAnn. Privy-Council. -•See the Englifh iLj ftsi NUMBER IV. 'BbeCommiJftoners of f,he Treafury. : See tie EnglHh lifis. N U : M B E R V. Barons of the Court of Exchequer. "jOHNJdle, Efq; Lord Chief-Baron; Salary. 1500/. ftt ^ Varnll^’ ? Barons; Salary 500/. fit . I Annum J? I Edward Min, Efq; - IOOO/. King's Remembrancer- WiHiatti fSteuart, Efq; Salary 500/,, per Annum, • . Attorneys of the Court. Jems Stewart, ... — — ,1 Gent. Salary loL ftr An*. Jtbn Vicaridge, • , —. • J. each. •, ■’ Jams Btrisford Meriot, — "] ’lifsiffif’■ A~ I 1 No May. Surge hglis, — — — J ‘Ireaftirers Remembrancer. Wpill Boiler and George Clark, Efqrs; Salary 200 /. Ur Ann. Ups Williamfon, Clerk. . A 3 . Citric £ <£■ Pinlioo Clerlfof the Pipes ■■ ■ -'.i;:- ■;:■ .• Jhirems Fletcher, Salary 20 /. per'Ahnum. John Forhes, Deputy. f ,..... . 1 Auditorsof the Revenue. Sir James Dalrymple , Bart.;. Auditor-General; Salary 1 1200/ .per Annum. . s ■ . y*&» Philip, Efq; Deputy-Auditor; Salary 200 l.perAmm. V '^tSiiM'Veugetl , 1 Auditor’s' Clerk. .. r. John Dundas, Prefenter of Signatures; Salary 52/. 15y hi. per Annum. James Leflie,. Eft#. Kang’s Sollicitor to the Court; Salary fof' himfelf and Clerk, 140/.! [ter Annum. ' ‘ Mi. William Montgomery, MarAial; Salary Sol per Annum. Janes Callender, Examiner to the Court; Salary 50/. per Am. William Kelfi, Clerk to the Port-Bonds in the Exchequer; Sad lary 40 pir Aniium. * rohitChalmer, - 1 M acers' of the Exchequer, jZ£t- $ *»>■«*!* Lot& .Bepehdin, Hereditary-Ufher; Salary 211 /. 16 s. per Am. Anhihhri tddp Dfciraty-tHhef hiid Serjeant at ’A’rms; 'Silaiy tool, per Annum- , The.Hosourable Sir. James Gordon, Bart. Secretary to hi; ft'gln , nefs the Prince of Wales for Scots Affairs.- •• JbhnRofs, f Meflengef; Salary hi. t^s.'fi. per Annum. . Daniel Wilfon, Door-keeper, Salary 1; /. per Aiinum. Clement Poriig;.'Ditlot-r-Z --15 l per Annum: - William Kelfi, Keeper of; the Regiiler of Refignation in the ...fixth«quer,;aSi%(Sl. per Annum. ' , .All:: Wbitefird, Efq;- Receiver-General of his Majeily’s Land- Rents and Cafualties, and Pay-mafter of his Majelty's Civij *‘Mablilh’mhh t'i ; for himieif and Clerks 650/. per.Anmm.- ■ " for jus Majefly’s’Charities and Bounties to fuch indigent P«r- fons as iliall’be approved by the Barons of the" Exchequer,sc be diflributed Quarteriy, 2000/ per Annum. ' For Beadmens Gowlis, and- diliributive : Charity bn his Majefty > Birthday, io8/. 6r. Si.' yearly. N U MB.E.R ; VI...; The Lords, of .Seffioih : Book; fiti of ij r David Erfkine of Dun,... <; .,, ls vV. u.' Andrew Fletcher v/.Miltoun, Irt j#/fe Clerk, Sir Gilbert Eliot of Minto, Bart. Hr Hugh Dalrymp! e of Dram- jlfr Patrick Campbell of Monzie, }h. John Pringle of Haining, ■ llr. Alex. Frazer of Stricken, ilfr, Pat. Gran to/ - Elchies, jij r ; John .Sinclair of Murkle, . , Alexander, Earl of Leven, . , Sir James Ferguffon of Kilkerran, fart. ' ; Mr. Robert Duadafs of Armftoun, Vacant. Archibald Dak of Argyle, John Marrufs of Tweed dale, Thomas Gibfone,..CW of bis Majejly'si itt; Salary 40/. per Annum. te S^z£f': CM - • }•**»**-*.«* Ur. Andrew Marjoribanks, Writer of Hornings at bis Majefy'i Inflame-, Salary 50/. per Annum. - .- Thomas Graham, . —— ... 1 .. •. Alexander Mitchell, . ——■ ' •. IMattrit SaIaiJMe&.^ Francis Gibb, »■■■ — . . f Annum each. FrancisGibfon, — 1 —■ .. . ."L J . Kenneth M‘]£enaie, ■ ■ ' ' — w \Houfe-h(persi Salary.4/.' . William Dundas, - - —• J 3 s. fd.per.Atm. eich^ Salary, ^col. ptr Am/a; epc|i. \ . a- , f Extraordinary Lords, ’tubs give their.Opinion, ani ttotein allCaufes nuitb the "other Lords. ProceJ/et before the Sejft, N U M B E R. VII. : - A L j s t of the frofeffors in the feveral Univerfitia of North-Britain; &c.~' . ‘The Umver/tiyof'h: Andrews. Office-BearerA in the Xhiioierfity. H I S . Highnefs William Duke . of Cumberland, Chattetllor of the Vr.iverftty, and Cor.fervator of its Privileges,,- . " tiki. % Cfje patent §tate p arl n. Mr. William Young, Vice-Chancellor. Mr. Thomas Tullidepb, Reftor. The Old or St. Salvator’/, Co/ledge. Mr. William Young, Provoft. Mr. Henry Ram/ay, - 1 Mr. James Duncan, -— $■ Profeffors of Philofophv. Mr. John Young, ——- } Mr. James Kemp, Profeffor of Greek. Mr. William Vilant, Profeffor of Humanity. The New, or St. Mary’/ C '.olledge. Mr. 'Murifon, Principal, and firft Profeffor of Divinity. Mr. Andrew Shaw, Profeffor of Divinity. Mr. Archibald Campbell, Profeffor of Church-Hillory. Mr. Profeffor of Hebrew and drient-,1 La. guages. . - St, Leonard’/ College. Mr. Thomas ?«/// Profeffors of Philofopliy. }At.~David Young —— ; — J Mr, Francis Pringle, Principal Profeffor of Greek. Mr. Ninian Young, Profeffor of Humanity. Mr. David Gregory, Regius Profeffor of Mathematicks. ir. Thomas Simpfon, Chanios Profeffor of Anatomy and Medi- i cine.. - Mr. James Angus, Keeper of the Univerfity’s Library. Mr* Alexander Mac Cylloch, Arch-Beadle. - £3* Their Salaries are but /mail. An Account of the Univerfity of Glafgow. ‘ j T HE Univerfity of Glafgow was erefted by a Build Pope Nicholas V. dated ytimo Calendas Januarii, A.J>. jact, at the Defire of King James II. of Scotland-, Br. W* Ham Turnbull, Jiifhpp of Glafgow, fupplyipg the whole Charges of the Foundation. By the Pope’s faid Bull, he and Jus owed- fors in the Bilhoprick of Glafgow, were conftitutcd Chancel- 'lors of the Univerfity, with all the fame Powers enjoy d t/ the ReSors dial Cancellarij of the Univerfity of Bmmi- And there was erefted, “ Studium generale in Tbtlogta,]u‘ “ Canonico fcf Civili, Artibus, atqtte quavis alia lictta hid¬ es fate." And all Powers, Privileges, Exemptions, ani J > a ' munities which had at any Time been granted by bo ' } J to the Univerfity of Eonqnia, are granted to the Unite ) of Glafgow. ■ ' n * . The faid mod Reverend Prelate likewifc procured a °ter, under the Great-Seal of Scotland, of moil ample W .leges to this Univerfity, from King James II. dated atW.r'| jjooklil. of 1 G?r e , '' 9'' ! foil, 1453. The Bilhopairo^\dthf;Conieii£\orBie'B'eaiv-' Jnd Chapter gave;, the Univerfity another Charter, of Privileges,- - under their Seal, '1 Dec. 1453. All . which) Charters were con- jjpjtii by Charters from fucceeding Kings and Archbijhdps.'; 1 TheUnive.iity was atfirft ppm; pied of the Clergy' 0 of'th'e : Cathedral, and the neighbouring Country; among wfibm were' 1 Mr. Patrick lath, then Chancellor of the Diocefe,''afterwards''' Chancellor of S;o f land,..s.ud Mr. David Cadzow, or Kago,' Piscentor ot the Cathedral, who was the firlt Reftbr. and-af- 5 tenvards a great Benefaftor to the Univerfity. ■ Mr. Wiilmm was fiift Dean of the Faculty of Arts, theil Redfor of,' this Un.verfity, andatlaft Biihop of Aberdeen, and Founder of- v that Univerfity. The Abbot of Kilwinning, and fome Of his •; Monks, with thofe of the Abbey of Melrofs, were Members of: this Univerfity at its firft Foundation. In. the Year 1447,' we fad matriculated into the Univerfity, “ Andrews Stuart, Subde- “ mrarGlafguenfis Fratcr SereniJJimi Regis Scotbruffir Jacobi. “ Stmidi:" V-" ■' t There is in the Records of this Univerfity Hill extant the ori-; ginal Reflor’s Book,’ in Vellum, containing a regular Journal of. all Proceedings in the Univerfity-Cohgregatipns, from the Foun¬ dation to very near the Time of thedteformation, with the .ori-. ginalSubfixptionsof the Members. At the Reformation, 1560, when all Revenues of the Church and Religious Houfes were feized,. and the Popijh Clergy turned oat, the Members of this Univerfity fled to France or Flanders, the Buildings werenegledied, and' the greateft Part of the-Sala- ries of Mailers and Scholars were' taken away. Queen Mary, by her Letters jto the Lords of .Council and Seflion, dated 13 J‘b 'S 6 3 . granted again, “fob 5 the-Maintenance of:Scholars [.“ (called Burfars here), certain Lands and Annuities formerly “belonging to the Predicant-Friars at G lafgow, together with “ their'Church.’and Dwellings.” . Some few Years after, they • alfoobtaineda Grant of all the Lands,; Houles, Annuities, &c. which had formerly belonged to. any Chapels, Averages, Pfe- “Maries in any Churches or Monafteries founded in Glafgmu’. - King James VI. of Scotland, by his Charter dated at Ualktith, the 1 3th of July 1577, confirming the , former Do¬ rati 0 *, granted to. the College erefted in, the Univerfity, the Tythesof the 'Parlfli. of Goyan, for maintaining ’the' Principal; Regents, Burfars, or. Scholars, and Servants: This Charter was ratified in his next Parliament. Alfo, the faid. King, - with ; Advice and Confent of Parliament, by an A'ft dated the 28th 1 l n . e grafits to the faid College, the whole'Tytiles of UieParilhes of Renfrew and Kilbride, referving Stipends to the Mimllcrs. '. ' • •• By feveral other generous Donations the Funds of 1 this- Col- \.W "'em augmented: 'The;.Rev,.Mr. Zacbarids'Boyd gave ™>ve 1600 A Sterling before the Civil-Wars ; by ’which, 4 and CMl^cfent ©tate Part n. and fame other Fends, were purchafed the .Tithes of three other Parilhes, William,, late Earl of Dundonald, gave Lands worth about 60 /. Sterling per Annum, for Maintenance of Bur- fars in Phiiofophy and Theology. The late Anne, Dutchefs of Hamilton, gave 1000 /. Sterling, for Maintenance of three Students of Theology. This Fund is now augmented, by cate, ful Management, near to 1500 /. Capital. The late King William, of glorious Memory, gave to the College a Grant of 300/. Sterling per Annum, out of the Rents of the Archbilhoprick, for feveral Purpofes about the College, and among others, 70/. Sterling per Annum, for maintaining four Students in Theology. The late Queen Anne, upon Re- prefentation made to her, That the Scotch Parliament, before j the Union, had refolved to give fome Augmentation to thefo/r4 Univerfitiesand Colleges, gave a Grant of 210/. Sterlings Annum to each of' them during her Life. This has been con¬ tinued by King George I. and his prefent Majelty. King. George I. alfo gave a very handfome Fund for a Profefforlhip of. Ecclefiaftical Hiftory. Before the Revolution, Mr. John Snell devifed to Balk! College in Oxford, certain Lands for Maintenance of Said Students: Thefe Lands now maintain four Scholars at 40/. per Annum each for eleven Years: And upon the Death of his Daughter, two other Scholarlhips will be added. Thefe Scho¬ lars are limited to be of Scotch Parents, born in Scotland, and to have ftudied two Years in Gla/gow ; referring to this College the Right of nominating them to the Matter and Fellows of j Baliol \ The late Rev. Dr. Daniel Williams devifed, for the Mainte¬ nance of Students in Theology, certain Lands to this College, ! the Value of which is not yet fully afeertained. His Grace the Duke of Chandes gave 500 /. Sterling to this Univerfity, which is employed towards building a Library,- which is a very beautiful Structure. John On , of Barro-v.feld, Efq; late Rector, gave 500/. Sterling for a Fund ; the Intercft of which is yearly to be added to the former Fund, for buying Books. The late Principal, the Rev. Mr. John Stirling, left 163 /. Sterling to the fame Purpofe. The Univerfity-Officers are the Chancellor, who is elected for Life. The Power of the Chancellor is chiefly in confering Academical Honours, The Retlor, who is elected annually in Comitiis, where all the matriculated Members have Votes, his Power is near to that of the Vice-Chancellor in Oxford, being the chief Magifirate in the Univerfity. The Dean of the Faculty', who is elected annually by the Univerfity Meeting, or the ' Scnatus Acalmicus, compofed1 ot the Rector and ali the Regents and Profeflors. , His Buflnefs is [Jjok HI. OfGREAT-BRITAIN. II nreJide in all Affairs of Literature, and publick Examinations. ?he Chancellor has alfo the Power, in his /tbfence, to nomi- L a Vice-Chancellor. The Profeffors are thirteen, and, by a late Statute, .take Place according to the Seniority of their Admiffion, except the Principal and the Second Profeffor of Theology, who are al¬ ways ranked firft. _ , There are befrdes, upon the Foundation, and upon Funds fee added, a Library-Keeper, a Bedellus, about 30 Burfaries c f one fort or other, and a Janitor, befrde inferior Servants. In this Univerfity there is only one College. The Pro- felTors are all elefled by the Faculty, or Scnatus Acadmkus , except the Principal, and thofe of Ecciefiaftical Hiftory and The Buildings of this College are much better than thofe of any College in Scotland: They confift of three Squares, two old ones, and one lately built, but not yet finifhcd. The old Buildings in Queen Mary's, or King James Vi’s Days, have probably been feparated from the Town by a high Wall;' but now the College fronts the principal old Street of Glafgnv. The old Front to the Street, which is a very ftately Edifice, three Stories high, and about 130 Feet in length, was built in the Year 165 3, together with the greateft Part of the Outer- Square or Court, and the South-fide of the Inner-Square or Court; but the other Sides of the Inner-Court are much older. The lateft built Part of tliefe three Sides is above an hundred Years old, of hewn Stone, all three Stories high, and more de- : cent than mofc Buildings of that Time. The Outer-Court is about eighty-five Feet in Breadth, and fifty in Depth, in the Area within the Buildings The inner old Court is about eighty-five Feet in Breadth, and near a hundred Feet in Depth, within the Build¬ ings. To the Front is added Street-wards on the South-fide, the Principal’s Houfe, large and convenient. To the North-fide is built the New Court, not yet finiflted, in which there are at pre- fent fix very large and convenient Houfes for the Profeffors. The Area of this Court, -within the Buildings, is about ftxty five Feet in Breadth, and about a hundred and eighty in Depth, retiring farther back from the Street than the Depth of both the old Courts. There is lately built the Duke of Cbamtos's Library, on the S. E. Comer of the old Square, quite feparated from all the other Buildings, and fronting to the Gardens; it is fixty Feet long, thirty-eight wide, and thirty-three Feet high to the Cor¬ nice. The whole Fabrick of the three Courts Hands upon an Area of two hundred and feventy Feet towards the Street, and as much in Depth, Behind the Buildings is a fpacious Garden, of near nine Englijb Acres, inclofed with a Wall of hewn Stone, about eight Foot high, and laid out into very beautiful Walks, adorned with Hedges: Adjacent to this is a decent Phyfick-Gar- In the Buildings are nine large Houfes for the Profeffors; iz fcfc'ftefent State Partn, a Univerfity-Hall, very fpacious, and well finifhed; a Common; Hall; two Libraries, and fix convenient Schools orChamhcrsfe teaching, with about forty large Chambers for Lodgings to tfe Students, a Printing-houfe, and publick Kitchen. The Toweror Steeple Handing between the two old Courts, is tolerably beaati -1 ful and ftately, being about eighty Feet high of Stone-wort" be-fide the Roof or Spire. ’ 1 The Library is a pretty large Collodion of Books, about® thoufand Volumes. In this College there is a curious Colleflion of Stones with Raman Infcriptions, found in the Raman Wall near Glafm , moll of which are printed in fome late Colledions of the Britijk Antiquities. TheCourfeof teaching is this: Each Profeffor is confinedin his Teaching to one Bufinefs or Science ; and all Students ia any Science are taught by its proper Profelfor: So that each Scho¬ lar often attends two or three Ledures of different ProfelTors du¬ ring the fame Seflion. The Seflion or Term begins the 10th Day of Oltokr, and continues, without Interruption, to the Middle of June, and then one long Vacation of near four Months. During the whole Seflion of eight Months, there are fcarce 12 Holidays. When a Scholar enters, he is fuppofed to have read only the ordinary Latin School-Books, and the Greek Grammar, and the Gofpels, He enters under the immediate Care of the Pro- feffor of Humanity, and is taught three Hours each Day in Horace, Juvenal, Livy, Cicero, Sec. and during the M Year he ordinarily attends to the Greek Leffons an Hour at leaft each Day. The. fecond Year he enters the Greek Clafs, called Bajm, from the French, Bas-gcns (this having formerly been, the young- eft Chi's). Here they are taught two Hours every Day in ffe- | mer, Theocritus, Euripides, Sophocles, Demojlbencs, Jrijhtlc's Poetich, Longinus, Sec. and continue one Hour each Day to at¬ tend the Profelfor of Latin. The third Year they read two Hours each Day Logicls, Mi- taphyficks, and Pncumaticks, with the Profeffor of thefe Branches of Philofiphy ; and this Year begin the Study of Geomeliy, be¬ ing taught an Hour each Day by the Profelfor of Matbcmticki, and many attend alfo the Greek Leflures. The fourth Year they are taught two Hours each Day by the Profeffor of Moral Philofiphy, who reads either in. Greek or Latin fome ancient or modern Book of Etbicis or Politicks ; and this Year the Scholars continue'to attend the Leffons of Geometry, and perhaps attend a Lefture of Humanity. The fifth Year they are taught' two Hours at leaft by the Profeflor ot batm-al Pbihfipby, as that Science is improved by Sir Ifaac Nevjton, arid attend two Hours in the Week a Courfe of fSxperiments. Some continue to attend Leffons of Math- Book III. Of Great-Britain. . 13 m tkh, or the Leffons of the Lavs of Nature and Nations, or 0 f Greek, or Latin. At the End of this Year, thofe who de¬ mand are qualified, are admitted to the Degree of Arts, called here that of Mafter, which here requires only four Years Hand¬ ing, as the Batchelors Degree in Oxford. And all who have lludied ’ well the Latin Tongue at School, and have got the Rudiments 'of the Greek, are admitted to enter as of the Bajar. Ciafs! nay, many enter the Logick Clafs. , During the three Years of Pbilojopby, the Scholars have fre¬ quent Exercifes in Declaiming and Difputing, both in the fe- veral Claffes, and in the Common-Hall: And, about the loth of December, there is a publick Examination of all the Under Graduates, which continues a Fortnight or three Weeks, three Days each Week at lead. After this Standing in the College, Scholars attend, as they are inclined'for the Bufinefs of their Lives, either the Leffons of Divinity an Hour each Day, and along with them ftudy Hdrew, and other Oriental Languages, or Ecclefafical Hiforj, with the feveral Profeffors, who teach each an Hour every Day; or Rudy Law or Fbyfick under the feveral Profeffors, who are obliged at lead to teaeh four Hours in the Week fuch Scholars as apply to them. The Scotch Clergy; iince the Eflablilhment of Prefbytery, have not applied to the Scotch Univerfities for Degrees in Di~ mity: But before the Revolution the fame Degrees were con¬ ferred in divinity as are now in Oxford and Cambridge: And the Scotch Colleges confer thefe Degrees on Divines of other Countries, who apply for them, having lludied in Scotland, but not upon lefs Standing than in Oxford. Degrees in Phyfick and Ldnu are frequently confered here as. in other Univerfities. . The Scholars in Glafgcm all wear red Gowns while they are Under-Graduates; and the Profeffors wear black Gowns, like thofe of Dofiors of Civil Lain. A List of Officers of the Univerfity of Glafgovv. Office-Bearers. Chancellor, His Grace William Duke of Montrofe. Vice-Chancellor, Mr. Neil Campbel. Mor, Mr. George Bogle. Dean of Faculty, Mr. William Leechman. Profeffors. Campbell, Principal of the College; and firll Pro- feltorof Vieology. Mr. *4 €Ije parent ©fate Part n, Mr. William Leechman, fecond Profeffor of Divinity, Mr. John Lowdoun, eldeft Profeffor of Pbilofophy. Mr. Alexander Dunlop, Profeffor of Greek, Mr. George Roffe, Profeffor of Humanity. Mr. ■ ■ Dunlop, Profeffor of Oriental Languages, Mr. Robert Simfon, Profeffor of Mathematich. Mr. William Forbes, Profeffor of Laws. Dr. John JohnJloun, Profeffor of Medicine. Dr. Robert Hamilton, Profeffor of Anatomy and Botany. Mr. William Atiderfon, Profeffor of Ecclefiaflical Hijhn. Mr. Francis Hutcbejon, Profeffor of Etbichs 'and Moral Phils fopby. Mr. Robert Dick, Profeffor of Natural Pbilo/ophy. j Mr. James Moor, Bibliothecary. j Dugald Weir, Bedelius. Collin Campbell, Janitor. David Holms, Chamberlain. ; John Donaldfon, Scavenger. An Account of the Univerfity and King’s College of Aberdeen. ■It is certain, that the Canons of the Cathedral Church of Aberdeen publicity taught and profeffed not only Theology and the Canon-Lavs, but alfo Grammar, Pbilofophy and the other Liberal Arts, during fome Centuries after A.D. 1125, in the Reign of David the firlt King of Scots ; yet the firft Ereftion of the Univerfity of Alberdeen, by publick Authority, was not before A. D. 1494. At which Time James IV. King of Seels procured from Pope Alexander VI. a Bull, dated 4 Id. Fib. of the ’forefaid Year, erecting in the City of Old Aberdeen an Univerfity [ Univerfitas Studii generalis ] wherein Theology, the Cation and Civil Lavas, Medicine, Pbilofophy, and all other Li¬ beral Arts and Sciences fhould be publickly taught and pro¬ feffed ; allowing both Profeffors and Students in ample Form, all the Privileges, Liberties, Immunities, and Exemptions en¬ joyed by any Univerfity v/hatfoever, particularly the Univerfities of Paris and Bononia: All which Privileges the King himfelf confirmed by his Royal Authority, allowing this Univerfity all the Powers and Liberties which the moll Chriftian Freed’ Kings had conferred on the Univerfity of Paris, or his Royal Progenitors King James I. and II. on the Univerfities of St. Andrew's and Glafgow. , The renowned Bilhop Elpbinjlan eltabliflied Dotes ana Profeffors in the feveral Faculties, Mailers and Students to the Number, at firft, of fix and thirty, which he afterwards en¬ larged to two and forty. Thefe Perfons founded, were i- F° ut 4 Dotes; Book III. Of G R E A T-B R I t AIN. 15 Poflors ; the firft, Doftor of Theology, who is Principal of the whole College; the'fecond, Doftor of Cation-Law, the third, of Civil-Law, and the fourth, of Medicine. 2. Eight Mafters if irts, of which, the firft was Sub-Principal; the fecond, Hu- rsniy Profeffor; the other fix, Students of Theology, out of which were chofen the Regents, who, together with the Sub- Principal, were to tewdaPhilofophy, and Pas. Arts. 3. Three, Batchelors, Students of the Laws, two of the Civil-Law, and one of the Canon. 4. Thirteen Students of Philojophy and rfr/i- y Eight Prebendary-Priefts [Sacerdetcs Prtsbendari'{\ the firft: whereof was Cantor ; the fecond, Sachrift; the other fix were called Capcllani Chori; one of which was Organift. 6. Six Singing Boys [ fex Pu'endi Choreales ] who were to be put with the ’forefaid Priefts at Divine Service, at all Hours, in the College-Chapel. For the Accommodation of all thofe founded Members, the faid Bifliop Elphinjlon, moftly on his own -Charges, built a (lately College, confining of an entire Court, containing an handfome Chapel richly furnilhed, a lofcy Steeple with a noble Ccpk in Form of an Imperial Crown, fupported with arched Pillars rifing crofs-wife from the Battlement, and a Set of fine large Bells; alfo large publick Halls, and convenient Apart- tnents for the Principal, Sub-Principal, Regents, Students of Tlxskiy and Philofophy, to whom only he afligned Lodgings within the Gates of the College. To the other Mafters, viz. the Canonilt, Civile!!, Mediciner and Grammarian, with their Students, he cattfed to be built without the College, but within the Precinft of the Univerfity, feparate Manfes, with Gardens, and other Conveniencies, where the faid Profeffors were to have all their Loftons, and, together with their Students, to live collegiately. He appointed alfo Chambers for the eight Preben¬ dary-Chaplains, and fix Singing-Boys, without the College. He aligned alfo to each of thefe founded Members, out of the Revenues gifted or procured by the King and himfelf, feveral diilinft Salaries, fufficient at that Time, corifidering the Value of Money then, though now finall and inconfiderable. But a full Hiftory of all thofe founded Members, their Of¬ fices, Manfions and Provifions, as alfo of the whole ancient Foundation and Conllitution of this Univerfity (digefted by the confummate Eilhop Elphinjlon, &c. publiihed by Bilhop Gavin Dunbar) compared with the new Foundation, made about the Time of the Reformation, together with an Ac¬ count of all the learned Men, in the feveral Frofeflions, who have flourilhed there, and of all thofe Gentlemen educated there, who have diftinguiflied themfelves in the Common¬ wealth of Letters, or have been advanced to eminent Offices in Church or State, likewife of all the Benefaftors ancient and modern, is expefted from one of the Profeffors of the faid Uni¬ verfity, who hath, with great Labour, thefe feveral Years by¬ gone. 16 CMiefettt State Partii. gone, compiled an Account of all thofe Particulars from origi. nal Rights, Kings Charters, Chartularies, Records, and other authentick Papers, yet extant in the Charter-Cheft and Library of Klng’s-Couege. Befides feveral obvious Ufes of fuch aPer- formance, ’tis humbly conceived, tllat it might contribute much to fet in Light that Branch of Scotijh Hiftory, viz. The an. cient Conftitution of their Univerfities, which was almoll buried in Oblivion about the Time of the Reformation, and yet con- tinu'es fo; the Univerfities of St. Andrew ,and Glafgovi having at that Time, or afterwards, loft the greateft Part of their original Papers, whereas the Univerlity of Aberdeen has theirt HisMajefty’s Marifcbal College and Univerfity of Aberlm was founded the 2d of April, 1593, by George Earl Marifcbsl-, which Foundation was confirmed by the King and Parliament the 2d of July thereafter, as likewife by King Charles II. and his Parliament, Anno 1661. By both which Afts of Parlia- rnent the Earl MarifchaFs Foundation-Charter of the laid College is ratified and confirmed, and all the Freedoms, Liber- ties, and Jurifdiftion, that to any Free College within this Realm by Law and Practice is known to appertain, are by the Authority of King and Parliament conferred and difponed to the faid College: So that it is a diftinft Univerfity from the other College, in the neighbouring Village, commonly called the King’s College, or old College of Aberdeen. Both Colleges were united, and called the Carolinel Jniverfity by King Cbarlnl. who inthelaft Parliament hejd by him in Scotland, declared them one Univerfity, under that,Name, and bellowed on them the Revenues of the Biihoprick of Aberdeen; but all this was reverfed at the Reiteration of King Charles II. At firft the Marifcbal College confifted of a Chancellor, Rec¬ tor, Dean of Faculty, four AfTeffors to the Re£tor, the Princi¬ pal, and three Regents, for teaching the Languages and Philo- fophy, fix Burfars, one OEconomus, or Butler, and: a Cook. The Chancellor,. Reftor, Dean of Faculty, and AfTeffors, are Annual Magiilrates of the Univerfity, chofen by the Students, with Concurrence of the Principal and other Mailers. The Dean of Faculty only is chofen by the Reftor, Principal, Mai¬ lers, and Minifters of Aberdeen, called Parfon of St. Nichdtn, The Eleftion of thefe Magiilrates is on the, ill of Marm , Befides thefe extrinfick Members, the College now confifb of a Principal, a Profeffor of Divinity, a Profeffor of Medi¬ cine, Mathematicks, three Profeffors of Philofophy, one ot Greek, and a, Profeffor of Oriental Languages, which Pr°* feffor was lately founded by the late Rev. Mr. Gilbert RM- fay, Minifter of the Gofpel in 1 Barbados, who likewife pro¬ vided 1 j /. per Annum to each of four Burfars in Pbilofoftyt and *5 /. per Annum to each of two Burfars in Divinity, J* BodkUI. cf Gre at-Britain. ij . ilsfaid Univerfity, a Library-Keeper, a Porter,' and a Servant There are a great many other Burfars in his Majelly’s Marif- tkl College: The molt confiderable were founded by Irvjiieot, Brum, Efq; Furnerhall , ar.d the late Bilhop of Samm, Dr. G; 7 - itrt Burnet, and Mr. William Larimer. , The Earl Marifcbal, Founder of the faid College, bellowed for the Maintenance of the Principal; three Regents, lAc. fe- veral Lands, with the Grey-Friar Convent, &c. which had ken given to him by the Provoll, Baillies, Council and Com¬ munity of Aberdeen, to be .annexed to the College, as the Afts of Parliament, above-mentioned, more fully bear. But Earl Mari/M's Donation out of his own Lands, to the fix Burfars, did not take place. The Principal ProfeiTors of Medicine, Philofophy, and Greek, are now prefented to the relpeftive Offices by his Majefty, fines the ForCinlture of the Earl Marifcbal. The Magiftrates and Town-Council, as Patrons, prefent the Profeffor of Divinity; which Office was firft founded by one Mr .Bat.Copland. The Library of this College, as well as a Salary for a Keeper, W'M founded by Mr. Fhomas Reid, Secretary to King James VI. for the Latin Tongue.. The Buildings confift of two Courts, the old adjacent to the I Grq-Friars Church, and where the Schools for Teaching are, ismade up of low Buildings, and in very bad Repair, being very old, and the Society having but a pitiful Fund either to repair or keep them in Repair. The new Buildings, which were begun aid tarried on by Contributions and Gifts from the Community of Aberdeen, Noblemen and Gentlemen who had been educated atthe College, are not, for want of Money, yet fully finifhed. The Houfe is upwards of one Hundred and Twenty Foot long, with a Plat-form at one End, defigned for an Obfervatory: It confilb of a Common School, or Hall, in which publick Pray- tts are faid, Examinations, Orations, and Commencements are; “la:. A large Hall, for Meetings of the Univerfity, in which Mineral good Eiftures of the Benefadtors and ProfeiTors: In fj^wd Floor is the Library, in which are a good many valu- able Manufcripts, and bell Editions of Greek and Latin Au- •keSnid^ 16 *^ e ^ u '^ n § 33 ma< k U P of the Chambers for 5,^7 is a.Room well furnilhed with Inllruments, &c. where e read publick Leftures for Natural and Experimental Philofo : f ^Experiments performed. Students ^ r °f e ® ,rs wear hlack Cloth Gowns. The liiw\a U ^'*k Occafions, the Sacrift, or Firft Beadle, carries a 't“S haver Mace gilt before the Members of the Univerfity. 18 C&efofettt State Partn, The Principal and Profeffors, befideswhat they have bv the foil Foundation, have out of the Exchequer 105/. Sterling di. vided amongft diem yearly; but yet their Salaries are very mm and trifling. Thfe Seffion of the College is only for fix Months. The Arms or Seal of the Univerfity bears Quarterly the pa¬ ternal Coat of the noble Family of Marijchal, the firft Founder, and the Arms of the Town of Aberdeen, with a Laurel furrow’, ing the Shield, with a Sun for the Creft, and the Motto Lvcto, A List of the prefent Members of the Univirfij and King’s College in Aberdeen. Archibald Duke of Argyll, Chakceli Annual Payments. Mr. John Paten, of GrandUm, Reftor. Mr. Geo. Chalmers, Principal, S. Th. & Art., —106 02 Mr. John LumiJdon, S. Th. P.' Mr. Charles 'Hamilton-Gordon, Advocate, Jur. Civ. P. Dr. James Gregory, Med. P. ! ^ . Mr. Alexander Barnet, Sub- ‘ Principal, P. P. Mr. Thomas Gordon, Humanity . Profeffor, . Mr. Alexander Rait, P. P. Mr. John Chalmers, P. P. > each Mr. John Bradfut, G. P. Mr, George Gordon, Profeffor } of Oriental Languages, 4c 14 ot T |l S 3 06 ioi| Note, 1. The Profeffions of Canon-Law, Civil-Law, and Me¬ dicine, which had been laid afide about the Time of the Re¬ formation, were reltored by Patrick Forbes, Bilhop of Aki- ieen, and Chancellor of the Univerfity, about Anno 1630; as alfo the Office of the Cantor, or Profeffion of Mufick, about the lame Time. . 2. The Profeffion of Oriental Languages was inmtated by the Chancellor and Mailers of the Univerfity, Aw 1624, aw endowed by King William, Anno 1698, with a Fund of 66/. Book III. Of Great-Bkitain; igj An Account of the Univerjity of Edinburgh. The Univerfity of Edinburgh was founded by IQng James VI. jj D. 1582. This Ereflion was thereafter ratified in feveral Parliaments, and laft of all by the Union Aft, 1706. The Royal Founder endowed his own Univerfity with as ample Pri- rilcgesas any other in his Dominions enjoyed. The Magiftrates and. Town-Council of Edinburgh are perpetual Curators, and tie Lord Provoll of the City for the Time is Chancellor of the Univerfity. At the firil Inftitution, the Faculty confided of a Principal, who was alfo Profeifor of Divinity, and four ProfeiTors of Phi- ' lofophy, to whom foon after was added a Profeifor of Huma¬ nity and Rhetorick ; and thefe five were commonly called Re- j ^ As the Reputation of the Univerfity,' and Number of the J Students increafed, feveral new Profeflions were inftituted and I endowed, partly by the Royal Bounty, and partly by the Cu¬ rators of the Univerfity, aflifted therein by the liberal Dona- . dons and Mortifications of many of the Nobility, Gentry, Clergy, and Citizens, who either had their Education in the Univerfity, or were zealous to promote Learning there. Out of thefe Benefaflions likewife Funds were allotted for many Stholarlhips or Burfaries, and a publick Library was founded, and, by degrees, well furnilhed with ufeful and curious Books. The College-Buildings are rather convenient than magnificent. The Principal and Ordinary Profeifor of Divinity have each a commodious Dwelling, disjoined from the other Building, and furrounded with Gardens. There are befides an Univerfity* Hall, which ferves alfo as a Muja-um or Repofitory; a Common- Hall; Schools for every Profeifion j a fpacious Publick Library; too other Libraries, one Theological, the other Phyfiological, aPrinting-Houfe, and a good many Chambers in which Stu¬ dents may lodge if theypleafe: But in this Univerfity the Stu¬ dents are not confined to lodge within the College, to eat at a Common Table, or to wear any diltinguiihing Habit, and no “ required of them, ’till they are to take Degrees, when my engage to adhere to the Protejiant Religion, to honour the Univerfity, and promote ufeful Learning. , The Principal is always Firft Profeffor of Divinity-: By hi* Office he prefides in the Meetings of the Faculties, or Senatus diadcmkus, confers all Degrees in the Prefence and by the Ap¬ pointment of the Faculties, appoints the publick Exercifes, vifit* theCIaffes, and takes an Account of the Behaviour of the Students. The ProfeiTors of Divinity, Ecclefiaftick Hiftory, and Ori- ®al Language are obliged by the Conilitution to teach pub- Wuym the Univerfity, and to inilruft all Students, who attend B 2 theif 20 €fr $^(cttt Ijfrite - Part in their Schools, in their feveral Profeffions, without any Premia,.: "The Ordinary Profeffor of Divinity attends in the School five "Days of the Week, reads Lefturcs of Divini'tv, (■■■ plains-tome Svftem. appoints Exercifes to the Students, propois ' Quefrions, and folves Difficulties. liie Regius Profeffor Of Divinity has for his pauiculir Pat vince Church Hiiiory, on which he has publick Difcourfcsdunw theSeffion. ' ° The Profeffor of Oriental Languages is employed in irihufi- ing the Students of Divinity in the Hebrew, Syriack, efc Of the five Regents there are three Prcfeffors of Philcfothv, a Profeffor of Greek, and a Profeffor of humanity. The Humanity is the firft or lowed Clafs, in which a CW,-» of the heft: Reman Authors is explained and illulirated, and the Youth exercifed in Writing, Latin and Englifn. In the Bttjan, or Greek Clafs, the Youth are taught the Prin¬ ciples of that Language, and brought to expiain Greek Autos:;, and to make Verfions from the Latin into Greek. Such as have already fome Knowledge of the Language are attended bv the Profeffor at other Hours, and affifted in reading the bell Greek Orators, Hiftorisns, Poets, Philofophers and Phyficians. The Courfe of Philofophy is divided amongft the three ftffors, each adhering to that Branch to which he has named, while the Students annually rife from one Profeffor School to another. One of thefe Profeffors has for his proper Bufinefs in the Uni- veriity, the teaching of Logick and Metaphyficks, which em¬ ploys the firft Year of Philofophical Studies. To the Share of another Profeffor falls the teaching Pneuma- ticks and Ethicks; he alfo reads Leisures of Political Philofo¬ phy, and Natural Religion. The third reaches the Principles of Natural Philofophy, scD Courfe of Mechanical, Statical, Hydroftatical, and OpticalFx- rcrimer.ts; for which Purpofe the Univerfity is provided with a very good Apparatus of Machines and Inft.-uments. Tire Seff.on-Tin.e, or Term, for thefe Gaffes, and generally for the other Prcfcff-nrts, commences the ioth of October, and ends about the middle of June, in which "Lime there are very Jew and -Store Interruptions: The Meetings are every Day of the Week, for three Days thrice, and in the reft twice; hut at the Beginning, and towards the Ending of the S; Eon, the Af¬ ternoon Mectin-s are difeontinaed. • The Profeffor of Matheraotkks ufually tenches three ClaiTes, cud foT.ctimes four, according to the Number of Years that his Scholars apply l*e;r.Ic’ves to that Study. ■ Twildes th-.t, one os t.voof thrfe Gaffes era forr.ctimcs fubdividrd, by reaion of the Book 111. of G R E A T * B R1 t AI N. 21 non-Law ; the third of the Municipal or Common-Law. The foil of thefe Profeffors were eftablifhed and liberally endowed k the late QueenAnne, and is'in the Gift of the Crown; the other two, as alfo a Profeffion of Univerfal Hiftory, and Roman Antiquities, were fettled and endowed by A& of Parliament, by which ’ds appointed, That upon a Vacancy in any of thefe Profeffions, the Faculty of Advocates (hall nominate two Per- fons whom they judge qualified for the Office, and the Town- Council of Edinburgh is to choofe one of thefe for the Profef- forlhip. Thefe ProfelTors regularly begin their private Leffoijs about the beginning of November. There is a Ptofeffor of Anatomy, and four Profeffors of Phy- Cck in the Univerfity, who concert among themfelves the moft proper Order and Method of teaching the Science, and yearly te-ch a Compleat Courfe of Phyfick in all its Branches, beginning about the middle of Odobtr. Curing the Seffion, or Term-Time, the Principal has fome Latin Difcourfes in the Common-Hall, where all the Profeffors anti Students are convened j afterwards the Profeffors in their Turn harangue in Publick every V/ednefiay ’till May, when the publick Examinations and Deputations begin. Towards the End of the Seifions is the ufual Time for taking Degrees in Arts. Upon Application,the Principal fummons a Meeting of the Fa¬ culties, to whom the Promoter reports the Names and Standing of the Candidates: Examinators are appointed to make Trials of their Qualifications, and to report at next Meetings. If the Candidates are approved, they have it in their Option to be ad¬ mitted in a Publick and folemn Manner, or in any private Way: If the firll is chofen, fome one or more of the Candidates mull publilh a Differtation or Thefis on fopie Subject in Philofophy. Upon the Day appointed, all the Profeffors and Students are convened in the Common-Hall, and all the Magiilrates of the City, and Perlons of Note and Learning are invited to be pre- fent. After publick Prayers and Speeches by fome of the Can¬ didates, the Difputation begins. Some of the Candidates, or others prefent, are at Liberty to propofe Objeftions againft the Thefis, which are anfwered by one of the Defendants: The Promoter moderates in the Difpute, and determines upon Quefti- ons. After this, the Opinion of the Profeffors being alked, the- Principal proceeds to the Solemnity of admitting the Candidates to the Degree of Majler of Arts. But this publick Solemnity is of late rarely chofen: So if the Examinators find the Candidates qualified, the Faculty acquiefce in their Report, and the Princi¬ pal confers the Degree in their Prefence. The Degree of Nodar of Divinity or Laws, is fcarce ever 'ought for by Scots Divines or Lawyers: But when Perfonsof other Countries apply to this Univerfity, it has been often con- ^ P erlons applying were of known Abilities, an citabliihed Character, and (Efficient Undemanding, after being B 3 admitted 22 C 6 e piefettt ®tatr Pauli, admitted Mafer of Arts. Bat as the Privileges of a Boats« Phyfck are of mote Importance to the Publick, and that Deo® is often follicited, this Univeriity is in a particular Manner can. tious to whom it is, bellowed: Therefore no Perfon.can obtain the Degree of DoSor of Phyfck, unlels he previa ufly apply t 0 one of the Profeffors of Phyfck, who is Promoter for the Timet who 'enquires into the Time and Manner of his Studies: If f! is fatisfied therewith, he prefents him t^ a Meeting of the Fa- culties, to make known his Requell to Be admitted upon Trial); . The Faculty generally grant the Requeil, and remit the Candi¬ date to the Profeffors of Phyfuk, who appoint him fetch Fxami- aations and Exercifes as they think neceffary: If thefe Trials fatisfy the Profeffors of the Perfon’s Sufficiency, they make their Report accordingly to the Meeting of the Faculties, by whofe Appointment the Candidate is required to. publifh a Differtation on fome Subjeft relating to Medicine •, and upon a Day appointed he is to anfwer the Objections and Arguments that (hall be pro. poled againlt it by at lead two of the Profeffors of Median, in a Meeting of the Faculties. Which being done, and Opinions afked, if there is no Objection, the Candidate takes and fob. feribes an Oath, and is admitted to the Degree of Boii, if Medicine. The frefent Profeffors in the Univerftty of Edin¬ burgh are, The Rev. Dr. William Wijbeart, eleCled, Principal and frit Profeffor; of Divinity. ' The Rev. Mr. John Gqwiie, Ordinary Profeffor of Divinity. Mr. Patrick Cuming, Regius Profeffor of Divinity and Church Hittory. Dr. John Stewart, •-T Mr. William > Cleghorn, -V Profeffors of Philofophy, Mr. John Stevenfen, •-J Mr. Robert Hunter, Profeffor of Greek. Mr. George Stewart , Profeffor of Humanity. Mr. Matthew Stewart, Profeffor ef Mathematicks. Mr. J times Abertromhy, Profeffor^ of the Law of Nature and Nations. Mr. John Ere fine', Profeffor of the Municipal Law. Mr. Kennet M'ker.zie, Profeffor of Civil and Canon-Law. Mr. Charles Mackie, Profeffor of Univerfal Hiftory. Mr. Alexander Monro, Profeffor of Anatomy. Dr. John Rutherford, Df. Andrew St. Clair, Dr. Andrew Plummer, Dr. Rebert Whi e, The Rev. Mr. William _^Profeffors of Phyfick. Dawl'on, .Profeffor of Oriental Lai Book III. of Great-Britain. 23 Ur. Un Alfion, ProfelTor of Botany. Mr JilertHenderfon, Secretary and Library-Keeper. h List of the Royal College of Phyficians at Edin¬ burgh. Fellows. p r . John Chrk, Prefident and Council. Icimmt. David CeMurtt. lint Lewis, "J §^£«rj C0UnCil - U'illm Perm-field. Jilt Rutherford, M. P. Edinb. Cenfor. Ik.,h Alfion, Reg. Prof. Bo¬ tin. Council and Secretary. fo Andrew St. Clair, King’s Phyficinn, M. P. in College of Eeiint. Council. /.drew Plummer, Prof. Med. kChem. in College of Edinb. Cenfor. i )muDundas. iaenier Cuningham. dim Murray. J'in Taylor. JM Pringle, King’s Phyfici- an in the Army. J oh, Baird. David Fouls, Treafurer. Robert Whytt. Stuart Threipland. John Cochrane. • Honorary Fellows. Sir Hans Sloane, Bart. Dr. Alexander Ruffe!. David Balfour. John Jobnjioune, M. P. in College of Gla/gow. Thomas Simfon, M. P. in Univ. of St. Andrews. Licentiates. John Drummond. James Houjlon. William Graeme. William Maefarlan. Alexander Martin. David Horfcburgh. George Young. John Bofwall. After the Revolution fevcral Attempts were made by the Royal College of Phyficians at Edinburgh, for railing a Stock to tact an Infirmary, or Hofpital, for Sick Poor; all which did "lifgive until the Year 172;, when the Proprietors of the Fifli- tty-Company rcfolved upon a Diffolution and a Divifion of their remaining Stock At which Time the Gentlemen of the Royal College of Phyficians, with the Concurrence of feveral other charitable and well difpofed Gentlemen, particularly of the Cor- foration of Chirurgeon-Apothecaries in. Edinburgh, fet about the procuring Subfcriptions from the Proprietors of the Fifhery- Company, affigning their Shares in the Dividend of that Stock, rateilablilhing the defigned Infirmary. And at the fame Time ••any others, not of the Filhery-Company, did fubl'cribe for cer- Um Donations, all to be paid as foon as a certain Sum was B 4 iigned jjgokHjll. Of Great-Britain. 2$ W James Donaldfon, - "1 ■ Mr .JobuBiffet, - — lAffeffors. James Ogshse - C j^jr Alexander Thomfen , — J Mr. John OJlurn, Principal, 70/. _ j) r- ,___Profeffor of Divinity, vacant, 20/. Pr. James Gordon, M. P. 11 /. ,2r. 2 d. \ Mr. John Stewart, Profeffor of Mathcmaticks, 52 /. Mr. David Vtruer, Profeffor of Philofophy, ~ Mr. David Fordyce, Profeffor of Philofophy, Mr. James Skeen, Profeffor of Philofophy, Mr. Usamas Blackwell, Profeffor of Greek, Dr. James Donaldfon, • Profeffor of Oriental Languages, 50/. fir Annum. Library-Keeper, 14 1 . %s.fer Annum. Mr. John Miln, Profeffor of Humanity, Refior of the Gram¬ mar School, 30 /. Three Ulhers under him, 10/, each per Annum. \ > 34/. each. Belt, That there is a Mortification by King William of 300/. fir Annum to. each of the four Univerfities out of the late Mop’s Rents, which is diftributed among!! feveral of the Regents and Profeffors, according to theirGrants. This Univerfity has the fame Privileges by their Foundation, that were granted to -the Univerfity of Old Aberdeen, or any other Univerfity in -Scotland, or Abroad, particularly Paris and Somnia. There is alfo the Inftitutes of the Civil-Law taught by the faid Mr. David Verner in the faid Univerfity. Such of the Students as incline, are inftrudied in Hiftory, and perfefted in the Knowledge of the Clalfick Authors; and there is lately .a very good Set of Mathematical Inflruments belonging to the (aid Univerfity. There is lately erefled at Aberdeen an Hofpital for poor Boys, a handfome Stone-Building, with fine Gardens round it. One Robert Gordon, of an ancient honourable Family, andbred a Merchant, left upwards of Ten Thoufand founds Sterling for beginning and carrying on this Work, .defiring it might be called by his Name: But at the fame Time, if any other fhould add about Three Thoufand Pounds more, his Name , fhould be ufed like- tvife. The Magiflrates, Town-Council, and the four Miniflers of Aberdeen are Patrons and Governors of this Hofpital, who have Power to appoint aTreafurer, and. all other Officers and Servants, according to the Will.of the Founder, whole Statue is to be fet above the principal Entry of the Houfe. N U M- zb €&ep?efent State Partn, NUMBER VIII. He JuJticiary and Officers under them. A Rchibald, Duke of Argyll, Lord-Juftice General; Seder} , 2000 A per Annum, andfor going the Circuit yearly, 200/, Mr. Andrew Fletcher, of Milton, Lord JuJiice Clerk-, Selerj 400/. per Annum, and for going the Circuit yearly 100 /. Mr- David Erlkine of Dun, "J Sir Gilbert Elliot of Minto, I Sal. 100/. per Annum tad, Mr. Alex. Frazer s/Strichen, > and ibi like Sumfor gomgtk Mr. Pat. Grant ^Elchies, . Circuit yearly. Mr. Char. Erilcine 0/Tinwall, J John Davidfon, Clerk of the Jufice Court, Salary tool, per Annum. j —— Scot, ofEinsm, Heretahle Conner of Scotland., I Robert Leith, Deputy Clerk, at 40 /. per Annum. ! Thomas Lelly, - r ) | Robert Biylbane, - IMacers -, Sal. 10 1 . per Ann.wti. j ’Archibald Murdoch, — J ] John Dalgleilh, Dempfler, 5 /. per Annum. 1 When two Lords go each Circuit, they have 100 /. each, and when only one Lord makes a Circuit, he has 180 1 . N. B. At going each of thefe three Circuits, there is an Advo¬ cate Depute, at 50/. one Clerk at 30/. one Macer at 10/. and two Trumpets, at 1 ol. each for their Charges. NUMBER IX. .Officers of the Admiralty. E AR L of Findlaterre, Lori Vice-Admiral o/Scotland ; Sol 1000 /. per Annum. Mr. James Graham, of Airth, Judge of the High Court if miralty. Mr. Hugh Forbes, Advocate, Procurator Fifcal. Mr. Archibald Inglis, Advocate Clerk. Alexander Jolly, Clerk Deputy. James Lindfay, ■ ■ ■■-« George Wood, —- James Thompfon, ■ «> ■ ■ — > Mactrs of Admiralty. N U M- Book III. of Great-Britain. 27 NUMB E R X. Lord Privy-Seal, and his Officers. J AMES Duke of Athol, Lord Privy-Seal-, Sal. 3000/. per Annum. Archibald Stewart, his Deputy. ■ David Kinloch, Writer to the Privy-Seal. NUMBER XI. the Officers of the. Chancery. A Rchibald, Duke of Argyll, Keefer of the Great-Seal of Scotland ; Salary 3000/. per Annum. Ur. Archibald Campbell, Deputy Keeper. Ur. Robert Kerr, Diredor of the Chancellary; Salary 25 /. per Annum. Alexander Campbell, his Deputy. ' ; ■ NUMBER Bt the Lord Regifter and his Officers. W illiam, Marquifs of Lothian, Lord Clerk Regifter 5 Sal. 1200/. per Annum. Mr. Hugh Forbes, Advocate Mr. William Kilpatrick, Mr. William Hall, Advocate, Mr. John Murray, Advocate, Mr. Thomas Gibfon, Ilfr. James Juftice, Advocate, Sir Philip Anllruther, Advoc. Mr. David Anllruther, Charles Inglis, '_ John Forbes, - David Bruce, —— y J°hn Maule, Advocate Clerk to the Regifter of the Seam Robert Nafmith, Advocate Clerk to the Admiftion of Notars. Williar 'Principal Clerks of Seffton. Joint Principal Clerks to til Bills. ' Under Clerks to the Bills. :«6e Went State William Douglafs, jun. of Cavers, Efj; Keeper of the Rmjk r of the Hunting !; Salary zo l. per Annum.. Thomas Hay, : •-rrr-T Alexander Keith, » ■ . ■■■- — I George Livingfloun, -I Matthew Brown, ■■ 1 J \ John Corfe, -- WnMepersoftheR^f John Alexander, —-• £ Zrtitfe" NUMBER XIII. . f be Officers of the Crown.- Qimtefspf£'j-ro/,..or her Deputy, High-Conilable. High-Mafefchal, William.Keith.' John, Earl of Kinton, Knight-Marefchal ■, Salary 400 /. fir NUMBE R XIV. --fbe Officers of ibe King’s Houjhold. A Rcliiald, .Duke of Argyll, Heretable Mailer of the King’s Jf\ Houlhold in Scotland ; Salary 2000 /. per Annum. Sir Alexander., Cocklurn of Langteun , .Heretable Uiher; Salary z to l. per Annum. Sir John Anfiruther of that Ilk, Heretable Carver. NUMBER XV. fbe Heretable Keepers of bis Majejiy’s Palaces of North-Britain. J AMES Buktoi Hamilton, Heretable Keeper of the;Paia ce of Holyrood-Houfr, Salary 46/. per Annum. ‘John Pitcairn, XJnderrKeeper, Salary jo/, per Annum. , John Rolertfin ,. Porter, Salary j 7 /. 15 s. 6 / per Annup. • James Duke , mufk, R.E. t , VI. Provincial SjWa/Qrby, i. Prejlytery of Lewis. . Prejb\tcry of Uift. 22. Prejlytery of Gairloch. V. Provincial Synod ^Suther¬ land and Caithnefs. 23. Brcjbytery of Dornoch. Mr. Witi amScobie, 1 . '•■■Hugh ‘ Slither- C Mini ft. laud, . y • Bait lie Andrew Macculloch. R.E. . Burgh of Dornoch! Baillie —— Suiherland. 24. Prfyiay 0/Tongue. Mr. W alter Ro'ls, 1 Murdoch M e y Minin. . Donald, J ^e -V«V- .Mr --George Mackay 27. Prrfylery of Cairilon. 28. Prrjlyiery of North Ifo, 29. Prrjlyiery of Zetland. Mir. Mat. Moncrieff,) ... Thomas Miller, John Craigie, j Deputy o/Zetland,0, Mr. 30. Prejlytery'of Edit "* James Walker, ^ Tho. Pitcairn, Pat. Gumming, Jam. Stevenfon,' Rob. Wallace, - James Glafgow,. 1 Robert JJundas; • L. Arnifton, Alex. Nilbet of\ Northfield, ( John' Dickie of ,| Corftorphin-hill., Book III. Ct Q REiAtKBjUT^IN. 35 C*> '^Edinburgh- . 34. Prtjbyterycf Dalkeith. fohnCoutts, Efji ’Lard Era- Mr . ( James Baton,.- } ‘ ' ■ '■ David Lindfay, £ Mini/}. George tanglands, Conveener. Patrick Simfon, ) Robert.-Dundas,. bis Majejl/s Vniwrfity of Edinburgh. SalUciior, R. E; Ur. John Gowdie, T. P. 3;. Prrjbytery of Hadington. Church of Campvere. Mr. Matth. Simfon, -) Mr. James Yair, M. John Cumming, t Minifi. Archibald M c Aulay, Lord Con- Edw. Steedman,} - fimator. George Brown Advocate, R. E. fij. Dundas, Efq j Robert Ramfay Blackcraig, Ad- Burgh of Northbervick Mr. Robert Swinton,Me«A- Alexander Fergnfon of Craig- daroch, Efq; R.E. * 41. Prejbytery of Erfilton. Mr. Tohn Bell, 1 Eur S h «/ Sanquhar, JamesEindfay, } MM fl- M '- William Olive? s/.Hok Robert Kennedy Advocate. „ „ R. E. 47- Prejbytery of Dumfrits. Mr. John Scott, } Wm. Irvine, t Midi Tho Hamilton,) Charles Erlkine of Tinwald, Efq-,.R.E. Burgh of Lawder. 42. Prejbytery^ of Selkirk. Tho. Bofton, 3 Andrew Pringle Advocate, R.E. Baillie Junes Gilchrift. Burgh of Selkirk. Dr. Andrew Plnmmer. X. Provincial Synod of Gal- IX. Provincial Synod of Dm.-. 48. Prejbytery of Kircudbright. fries. 43. Prejbytery of Annan. Mr. James Hunter, 1 .. ’ Walter. Cook, ] M,n ^ John .Payne of Braikin- what, R. E. Mr. G. Gartfilhore, 1 Andrew Boyd, > Misif. Peter Yorkilon;) William Mac Millan if Barwhinnock, R. E. Burgh of Anna 44. Prejbytery of Langholm. Mr. Alex. Meckle, 1 . James M c Gar- £ Minif. Mr. Edward Boyd, 1 ., Andrew Adair, Dr. Alexander Martin, R.E. roch. 43. Prfbytery of Lochmaben. Mr. Andrew Clark, 1 John Allan, >MimJl. John Nimmo, J Burgh of Wigtown. . William Hamilton of Craich* Burgh of Whithonl. Anth. Macmillan, Jatt Buillit. 5 a ‘ XI, Provincial Synod of Glaf- gow and Air. ji. Prejhytery of Air, |,Vr. John Hunter, ' John Steil, fei Robert Fiiher, John Adams, I Ci U Dalrymple of Glenmoor, J/r.Alexan. Bofwel Advocate, jppokin. pf t GR e a t-Bri tain. 37 Major John Roberton of Ear- nock, R.E. 50. Prejlytery o/Stranrawer. John Gray, Surgeon,R. E, James Porteous, i Mini/}. Patrick Scott, 3 &>Jam: Lockhart, Bart. R. E. ?}' npleo/l Mvel p- E ‘ 56. Prejlytery o/GlafgOW.' Mr. James Rob, J John Warren, > Mini ft. James Stirling, 3 Baillie Richard Allan, R. E. Burgh of Glafgow. ProvoJl.L awrence Dinwiddie. College of Glafgow. Principal Neil Campbell. Burgh of Rutherglen. Burgh of Air. I Hr. William Wallace Advocate. ;2. Prejlytery of Irvine, lifr.- Janies Sempill, 1 Alex. Fergufon, C Mini]}. -- --• Lawrence Hill, 3 Patrick Boyle Advocate, 57- Prejlytery of Dumbarton. •Minift. Burgh of Irvine. J,fr ' Wm. Warner of Ardeer. Prejlytery of Paidey. David Turnet,") Pat. Maxwell, / John Fleming, f' John Warner,' J p Warn G/antl Advocate, l „ 1 Arch. Campbell f ^ <>f Ellerdie, J; Is Renf rew. \- 11 William Somerville. fti-IST'* Mr. Joh.Edmonflon,"! Geo. Sinclair, I ... Duricafi Macfar- f ¥ m fi' lane,, J James'Smollett Advocate, R.E. Burgh of Dumbarton, Mr., George Smollett, Advo- XII. Provincial Synod of Ar- - gyll. 58. Prejlytery of Dunoon. Mr. Robert Glen, ) ... .. Alex. Lamont,, Sir James Campbell, Bart, R.E. C 3 ;s9j - cyy r -Prrfiytcry of EJntyie. xm W‘-*rrjujnrjryj JV1I1V/46. -y- - y Mr,,Jphn Macvicar, \ ,,. .. Mr. Wm.Campbeli,. _ Jam es Stewart, ) !/ ■ Dan.Macqueen, j Mini/ ■ 60. Prefytiiy..i>/ Inverary. Wml'Bennet, J Thomas Dundas if Fit. ga(k, R.E. Burgh of Stirling Burgh of. Inverary. Capt. John Campbell 11 6l. Prefiytery of I.orn. Mr. John iVlacvane,: I Al. Macfarlane, J Duke of Argyll, R. E. 66. Prefiytery o/Auchteraider. Mr. And. Ramfay, \ Henry Lundie, H&/. Rob. Menzies, J Charles,Campbellj/Lodi. land, R.E. / . 62.' Prefiytery of IV Mr. Al. MacTavilh, ) ... .. John Mac Lean, iaeftpr Mac Lean of Toi- XIV. ProvincialSy/iodcf Fife, ‘loifli, R.E. 67. Prefiytery of Dumbiaie, Mri John Smith, J...... And. Turnbull, V Francis Lord Napier, R.E. XIII., .Provincial Synod of Perth and Stirling. 63. Prcjbftcry of Dunkeld. Mr. AdamFergufon,! jsar H* John Dowglas, J Duke of Atho'e, John Campbell Y'cunger, of Achalkder, R. E. - 68. Prefiytery o/DwlentSal' Mr. Jam. Thomfon, I - Rob. Steedman, James Bathgate,) Capt. Charles Gr$ig in Inver- keithing, R. E. ' Burgh of Dunfermiing. Burgh of Culrols. 64. Prefiytery of Perth. Mr. — Cpvingtree, 1 Charles Phut, / ... .„ ■ David Black, \&"*■ ' David IWair> . ,1 . Robert Craigie, Efi; Lord Advocate, Mr. Belfches of In- r.ennay. Burgh of Inverkeithing. John Cuningham. ... m-' 69. Prefiytery of Kirkcaldy. Mr. Robert Speirs, George Kay, >Mimfr David Rintoul, ) . John Dundas .of Welle;- bogie, R. E. Burgh of Perth. Burgh «/'Kirkcaldy. Dr, Robert Kay. Book III. Of Gre a ; t-B.r i t a i n. 3$ Burgh ’ fe^ij^’Anftruther-Ealier. Bulth of Kinghorn. 1 5^^/Anftruther-^efter. John Piinton 1 Baxter w Edin- . burgh. ; ' Burgh of Kflrenny. Burgh of Bnmtifland. . Hr. Robert Angus of Balgow- XV. Provincial Synod of An- "iiie. gus and Mearns. ‘70 .Pnfiyttry of Cowpar.. Mr. Win. rhomfon.l Jolias Walker, J Alexander Earl efl Lwen. ( d r —Macgill of Rah. f *" , keilor, J Burgh of Cowpar. Hi Hon. Mr. James Lellie, one of' the Commijfariei of Edinburgh. 7z. Pr'ejbytery of Meegle. - Mr. Lawr. Brown, 1 Dav. Thomfon, i Mini ft. JohnKer, J JamesCrichton, Merchant - in Cowpar, R. E. \ , Tho. Barker, John Donaldfon of Inve- rechty, R. E. Burgh of Forfar. .. / St. Andrews. -. Jam.Haddow, "J Principal; I Arch.Campbell, 1 ... And.Shaw.T.P. James Cliddif- dale, John Wilfon, Wri- tir in St. An- Pffl/AeRob.Waddel, ! R. E. Burgh of St. Andrews. 74! Prejlytcry of Dundee. Mr. Tho. Randal, 1 • - David Scott, > Mini ft. James Playfair, J; John Halibiii;tonj Mer- i chant, R.E.. Burgh of Dundee. Baillie -.—Haliburton. /?• Mr. Baillie James Doig,' R. E. Prcjleiery of Aberbrothock. Uinift. Pnktrfity of St Andrews, ‘h. Thomas Tillideph. Burgh of Pittenwaem. Burgh of Crail. Burgh gp Aberbrothock. Sir James Stuart 0/Good trees, Bart. • George Aitkin, > Minift. James Weems, \ \ C ;4 J . - J Mr, #4 Cfje Piefettt Pariit Mr. John Pilmore, Merchant 77. Prefbytery of Fordun. in Montrofe,;- R, JS. • Mr. Jam.Honniman, 1 Burgh of Brechin.' David Born, \Umi William Bell, $ 1 James Burnet s/Montbod. do Advocate, R. I, Burgh of Montrofg. ; furgh of Bervie. Alexander Arbuthnot, Efj; a Commtffimtr of tbeCufmi. NUMBER XXIII, Officers of the Chapel Royal. M R. William Gufihart, 1 Their Fees, the Profs if lit j : Mr. NeiiCampbell, > Deanry, about 200 1. junks, obert Wallace, ) among them. Nir. Neil Mac Viccar, NBas.orCtx-, Salary 41/. 13 r. yd. per Mi. perJmml Mr. John Lumifden, Salary —- — 50 Mr. James Wetherfpoons, . . - JO Mr. Thomas Tulideff, ■ • ■ ■ —— — 40 ,NUMBER XXIV. Thyftcians in Ordinary, and other Officers. TV > U Dr. A lir. Andrew ^Phyftcia •Phyficians in Ordinary, l. John Rutherford^. Dr. Andrew St. Clair, r. Andrew Plummer, Dr. James Lidderdale, Apothecary and Druggift; Salary 40 1 per Annum, vacant. Mr. Charles Alfion, iW.D. his Majelly’s Botanift and Keeper of the Phyfick-Garden ; Salary 50/. per Atmum. Mr. James Abercromby of Gla/augh,]\m. hisMajelty’s Limner: Salary 100/. per Annum. Sir James Ho/burn, hisMajeily’s Under-Falconer; Salary50A ■- per Annum. , Mr. Archibald Mac Aulay, Confervator of the Privileges 01 Scotland in the Nethes lands, 200 1. per Annum. \ Robert Freebairn, Richard Watkins, James Blair, and J‘■ 1 Nairn, his Majefty’s Printers. ■ num- 8o4in. OfiGiRE AT-tBr it ain^ 41 NUMBER XXV. fbe King's School in Edinburgh. M R. John Lees, Refior. Mr. James Gibb, . Mr. John Rae, Mt. James Anderfon, ^Mailers. NUMBER XXVI. The Office of the Bank , 1741. The Bank of Scotland was eftabliflied by AS of Parliament, 1 iJuly, 1695. The Management thereof is committed to. a Governor, a Deputy, and 25 DireSors. Thofe at prefent are, rj' H E mojl Honourable John Marquis of Tweeddale, Go- Mr. Alexander Arbuthnot, Merchant, Deputy Governor. Ordinary DireSors. . Mr. Charles Binning, Advocate. Thomas Fairholm, Merchant. Thomas Gibfon, one of the Depute. Clerks of SeJJion, John Hay, Writer to the Signet. Sir John Inglis of Cramond, Bart. John Inglis, Robert Marjoribanks, Llh&r b '' Andrew Marjoribanks, James Marjoribanks, Mr. Robert Pringle, Charles St. Clair, Peter Wedderbum, Extraordinary DireSors. ffiw. Mr. William Carmichael, 7 , Mr. William Hall, ^Advocates. Robert Craigie, Lord Advocate. Adam Fairholm of Greenhill. Archibald Arbuthnot, ") James Gordon, •John Nairn, | Accomp tout's Ajjifantt. & C&e patent %>tm Wt i fl Mr. John Mackenzie, Writer to the Signet. ' J Dr. James Dundas. . ? Dr. Andrew St. Clair. ■ ■ - Officers. Mr.’ David Scott, Treafurtr. David Spence, Secretary. James Spence, Secretary Deputy. George Falconar, Accomptant. ‘ Charles Stephan, J James Stephan, J Ac ' Andrew Bonar, } - Thomas Stewart, fellers. Officers of .the Royal Bank, ■Dumont Hotham,£/ ?i one of tie Commijfmers if iti I 1 Cujlom, Governor. fit Right Hon. Andrew Fletcher, 9/Milton, Lor/julii a a r i Deputy-Governor. ' Ordinary Dire&ors. ' Mr. Patrick Campbell/ Monzie, one of the Senators ofth «. legeeffujtice. George Drummond, J Richard Dowdefwel!, I . John Philp, VEfqmres. James Nimmo, J Alexander Sharp; Merchant. John Couts, Lord Provoji of Edinburgh. . ' Mr. JohnHamilton, Writer tothe Signet. William Alexander, Merchant. Extraordinary Dire&ors. ; -1 ’ Vhc Right Hon.George .LordRah. Mr. Charles Areikine, 1 : William Grant, f Advocate* ' : ! Thomas Dundas of Fingalk. George Buchan, Efq-, . William Forbes, Writer to the Sir net, William Kier. ' ■ Hugh Hathorn and James Mansfield, Merchants.. Officers. “ : ! Alan Whiteford, Eftp Fir/} Cajhicr. '■■■• :i •' Mr. John Campbell, Second Cajhicr. • John Graham, Secretary. iBookIH. ofG reat-Britain. 43 | jf. •'Wjffiam Pi ' Alexander tones, fas. . 1 / • .. Robert Selkirk, ' ’ ' ' > Idlers. > Alexander Innes, jun. ) - ’ . James Lyon, Porter . . , ...•/ . NUMBER XXVII- / " fbi Merchant Company at Edinburgh. R, Thomas Young, Majier, ASSISTANTS. Thomas Fairholm, John Hope, Robert Baillie," John Halyburton, fen. George Gray, William Dowglas, Patrick Arthur, Archibald Angus, - Mark Sandilands^ William;Graham, ", Baillie James Stuart, John Haliburton, jin. Alexander Scott, .Treafure Robert Rofs, Clerk. At EDI N B U R G Hi The Maiden Hofpitalfoanded by the Company if Merchants m Edinburgh, and Mary Erjkine, in the Year 1695* ■,for main¬ taining and educating the Female Children and Grand-Children of decayed Merchants, and other Female Children, prefented-by their refpeflive Patrons.’ : ■■ ■ Patrons are intituled to a Right of prefenting a Girl, .qualified as above, upon paying 166/: rj s. ad. and have a Power of prefenting any Girl upon paying 200 /. Sterling. The Girls are received betwixt the Age of feven and eleven Tears, and go out when they are feventeen Years compleat. They are taught to read and write Englilli, to Cypher, and Spinning and Sewing of all Sorts, Paftry, and every Thing that may qualify, them for Service, or for teaching Gentlemens Chil¬ dren in the Country feveral Parts of neceffary Education; There is in this Year, 1748, about 60 Girls in the faid Hof- pital, and the prefent Governors are as follow, mis. ■ Thomas Ybung, Prafes. Mr. Thomas Fairholm, .. I Mr. William Hogg, James Stuart, , Walter Hogg, John Halyburton, | Archibald Angus, ■ 44 C&e Piefettt §>tnte Part u. Mn Charles Binning,, ■ ' | Mr. John Brand, Dr. William Cochrane, | Alexander Scott, Mr. George Gray, .1 William Graham. Mr. B. David Inglis, Robert Forreller, Thomas Trotter, James Grant, Hugh Hathoni, George Logan, William Robertfoi Hugh Blair, William Tod, jun. Ereafurer. Robert Rofs, Clerk, I > Old Magifrates. \ Mimferl. NUMBER XXVIII. The General Pojl-Office at Edinburgh. A lexander Hamilton of Innerwick, Efq; PoJl-maprCtr.tnl in Scotland. - . j Mr. ..John Inglis, Accomptant. Alexander Bennet, Secretary to the Pojl-majler. Walter Foggo, Principal Clerk. Francis Scott, Second Clerk. Bennet, Clerks AJfft ant. \ Sydferf, Apprehender of Private Letter-Canins, George-Grant, Clerk to the Irilh Correfpondenti. Three Letter-Carriers. NUMBER XXIX. The. Commiffioners, Officers, and others belonging in His Majejlfs Cttftoms in North'-Britain. General-Officers. Commiffioners of the Citpm and Salt-Duties, each §001. per Annum. Jofeph Tuder, Efq; Secretary, ] for kimfelf and Clerks, J James Murray, Efq; Receiver-General, . More to him for Clerks. ;r Aamitn 1. §oo Cbambre Lewis, Efq ; Affifant Comptroller-General , 1 eL-Li 1 J IlichardSwainfton, Efq', . - 1 -- ' r:> % Ues Hamilton, AfftfldnrSollicitor; — Les Armour, AJftjlant Sollicilor, - w-“ 5 . ’ lSS ; sk* I ***?«? f ,h Charles Sinclair, Infpe9or of Securities, limes Haliburton, InfpeBor of Seizures, - 1 ' J ' V'i', George Montgomery,- -Regifter of Seizures,’' ' ' . — George CruiUhank, Examiner of the Out-Ports, -- n , Alex Brown \ Re & er °/ North-Britilh Ships, and! S,r J5r0Wn ’ { InfpeBor of the Coaf Eufinefi, | ~i William Rowly, Houfe-keeper, - ---- - Wiliam Dow, Mejfenger, --- JohnEuart, Watchman, - - —~t — — - : Fourteen Land-Carriage Waiters, Alexander Legrand, ColieBor, for hitnfelf and derk ,. - Robert Fullerton, Comptroller, for hhnfelf and Clerk, — William Towry, Land-Surveyor, -- —. i .»- <• James Paterfon, Tide Surveyor, ——^— • — Alexander Hume, . ") Hugh Craford, 7 • > George Ramlay, > Land-Waiters and Searchers,' (, David Kyle,- - . - l • ; ’•<» Alexander Carmichael, J JobnNorris, ). > , Adam Hendry, J Coaf-Waiters, each -; William Towry , Sworn jippraifer, ' .■- r'f James Rannie, Cooper, - ' '-ue ■ . ' ■ Twelve Tide-vyaiters, each —■——r 1 '-' Six Boatmen, each " ' - ? - ' ——-- Two Weighing Porters, each v , -—- W'ffiam Callellaw, ColleBor, LiunleyThorefby, Comptroller, $ ^ttp^fentfeiatey .r- "J4mes Reid, Land-waiter and Searcher, James M c Gill, Tide-Surveyor, . .TarTide-waiters, each" , i, each - . _ Idjrffoiupanjer; GeotgeCheap, ColleSor, ._ -:■■■■ William Lem, Comptroller, -- - ' lewis Hay,, LandeSurveyor, ■ >■ ... mvy t l^Cuiioc 0 h n , , \ Lani - waiiersa >^SeanUr^Mb. 25 Eight Tide-waiters, each , - 20 - Bojougforoimef*. , Robert Middleton, E/ r , ColleSor, ' - '' ■ ■ ■ ■' 60 James Patullo, Comptroller, “ ' __ ■ - _ , Q CblinMackenzie, Land-Surveyor, -' '' ■ •' V 0 Jdliah Limbert, Tide-Surveyor. ' ■ ■ • ___ . m John M c Fun, 1. ,f - 3 James Liddel, J Lm « J »>«tters and Searchers, each' 25 Eighteen Tide-waiters, each - 26 Two Boat-men, each _______ __ 15 r-; fiimiwferrp; • Jdugli M c Cal Kim, Tide-Surveyor, , ■ _—_> .-0 , Four Boat-men, each • 1 " - ""'V 3110 . 1 . Walter Grofett, ColleSor, - - ■ - -. jo Robert Colhoun, Comptroller, ■ . 20 James Grahame, .Surveyor, ^ .10 Charles Nieifon, >Land-vsartenand Searchers-, each. ;o Six Tide-waiters, each _ --„■ — 20 Two Boat-men, each ■ -. ij 6 - - Ifcir&alo?. 1 > - " Robert Hay, ColleSor, ... _^_—- ■ =60 Sir Michael Balfour, Comptroller, ,-- -7 -49 Thomas Denny, Lcirid-Sitrveydri ‘ : - - - -■-.-.49 ■' • J ': John 'BookIII. 4 7 . S -y\ , per Annum l. I Eleven Tide-waiters, each ^ ;; 1 ,^ ;.:• Twe Boatmen, each — »■ . .... • . ■ ; JokM'Nachtan, ColleSor, —:-- - John Skinner, Comptroller, . — . . - - . 20 SamuelPleydell, Land-Surveyor, -•- , . . . , 0 ; • Four Land-waiters and Searcher?, each ■■ .i—- • Nine Tide-waiters, each . — - 'j® *'One Tide-Surveyor, fix Boatmen/' • liuntjfe, Archibald Young, Colleger, Robert Smyth, Comptroller, , Samuel Lowdon, Land and Tide-Surveyor, Lawrence Gib, Tidy-Surveyor at Broughty, John Orrok, Land-waiter and Searcher, 'SevenTide-waiters, each ■— — .FourBoatmen, -each —... ., , Z S ° '"35 i&urfij. Gideon Schaw, ColleSor, - - - - Walter Miller, Comptroller, .. ' Alexander Moodie, Surveyor and Land-waiter, Four Tide-waiters, each — ' ' —a. jo 20 $ontrcfe. Alexander M'ih, Surveyor, ~ ' / ~ ' Al'MHerdman, Land-waiter and Searcher, Right Tide-waiters, .each — ColleSor Skinner. Comth .aHjErncm. JanesOgilvie, ColleSir, .. - A^xander Middleton, Comptroller, - MiesGellie. Laxd-Svrvtyor. — LheophilusOgilvie, Tide-Surveyor, George Lobban. J r f *«ejt Skinner; f Land-waiters, ft 5 ° - 3 P - - 3 ? - : -35 Eighteen each • Adam Baxter, Cooper, — ? 'Two Boatmen, each — John Bailie, Surveyor-Central, - AlexanderColvil, -ColleBcr, '-z > John Grant, Comptroller, . .. . ^ James Sutherland, Land-Surveyor, ._— Edward Townfon, 1 , . “ James Monro, J Land-waiters and Search c "Nineteen Tide ; waiters, each ■ • - • ’ ■ ' Two Boatmen, each ;; ; tfojtrofe and Cromarty. • Roderick Dingwall, Tide-Surveyor, \, __ ! Four Boatmen, each ___ , , _ e Henrv LiddeJ, Comptroller, fwald,. Comptroller,. Murray, Land-Surveyor, ^Mowat, Land-waiter, Two Tide-waiters, each William Smith, ColleBcr, ‘ Thomas Rendal,, Comptroller, Andrew Young, Surveyor and Searcher, John Baikie, LaAA-waiter, —; " ‘Two Tide-waiters, each — John Campbell,- ColleBor, Alexander Monro, Comptroller ,. Surveyor and Land-waiter, vacant, ; -.four Tide-waiters, each — look IN. of GREAt-BRlTAiN; ; tfojk&lilliam, 1 ferJmmm .7. William Covan, Colleftor, ■ -.• ■' ■ ' 2; Robert Livingfton, Comptroller, --=— . ■ . - - ' 20 John M c Phail, Surveyor and Land-voaiter, — • ■ - - 20 Three Tide waiters, each': —-- -■ ■ ■ i 2 ^cljetlant)* John Craigie, Colic ft or, --- ~-- 40 ■William Irvin, Comptroller,: -- —m 30 Henry Rofe, Surveyor, -- - ■ — - 36 William Henderfon, Land-voaiter, - ■ - v 25 Two Tide-waiters, each - 15 fl&lafgotah > Surveyors, each David Blair, Colleftor, — — Thomas Kennawie, Comptroller , Decan Mac Gibbon, Alexander Dalmahoy, Ten Land-Carriage Waiters, each .— -■ < &o?t*<5Hafgoto. i Surveyor-General aver fen Re -1 and Viftuals from Ireland, J williamFleming, .g/y; Surveyor-General, —— . r Emanuel Walker, Colleftor, - i .. — , ■ ■ 5 Laurence Craigie, Deputy-Colleftor, ' •. Alexander Kinloch, Comptroller, ' - —• — ■ 1 James Scot, Deputy Comptroller, ' William Ogilvic, Land-Surveyor, ■ . —. i Janies Fullerton, Tide-Surveyor, —-■ <—— ' Archibald Buchanan, Land and Tide-Surveyor at Greenock, William Burton, Cliriftophcr Whittingdali Robert Forreft, John Dennifton, James Tenneut, Robert Cordon, ' ' 'J* 0 Thirty-feven Tide-waiters, each hour Boat-men, each _ Two Weighing-Porters, each. 'iband-vlaiters, each - *5 ©reehoclj. |p €&ePiefent &t$e . Pami ©reencck ■William Stuart, Surveyor-General. Six Boat-men, each - ■ ■■ ~ ' per Annum | 3rbin$. Laurence Nugent, Colleger, - _____ James'Cunninghame, Colleger, ——. __, Thomas Boyd, Land-Surveyor, - . \ — Charles Hamilton, 1 T , .. , „ , Alexander Blair, j Land-voters and Searcher,, each - Ten Tide-waiters, each -. _ ___ • Andrew Cranford, Tide-Surveyor, -- Four Boat-men, each — — — John Fairlie, Colleger, ■ • . ■■ , Roger Kerr, Comptroller, —— . —- - Richard Adderton, Land and Tide-Surveyor. ■ ■ • Alexander Farquharj \ ^-v,aiter S and Searchers, mb-, Eight Tide-waiters, each — . —— Edward Bruce, Colleger, ■ — 40 Alexander Cuninghame, Deputy-Colleger, — — 30 Charles'lames. Comptroller, — _ — 35 William Mac Dowell, Deputy-Comptroller, — - 2 ° John Neilfon, Land and Tide-Surveyor. ■ ■ — — 35 Thomas. Naifmith, Ldnd-viaitir and Searcher, -- 2 ; 1 Nine Tide-waiters, each .. 15 JLojfjrpan* Four Boat-men, each . ■ . ——* 'i fl&igtoun,. William Hamilton, Colleger, — ■—• 4° David Agnew, Comptroller, -.— — ! 5 John Smith, Surveyor and Land-voaiter, >■ 1 — 3® Six Tide-waiters, each — '5 - - ifo&k lll. of "ft ©lljitljdrn* per Annum U Henry Mac Culloch* Tide>Surveyor, ' 40 Six Boat-men, each ■ : —— -. ‘ >S CatnpMfoun. ThomasFrafer, ColleBor, leach — *— -id Daniel Farquharfon, Comptroller, j 3 John Buchanan, Surveyor and Land-waiter, each ^ — 25 Ten Tide-waiters, each ■ ■ *4 Ten Boat-men, each -- ■- »4 lE»uttifrK 04 John Young, ColleBor, -* * 11 5 ® William Corbet, Comptroller, -7-7*" —— 4 ° John Dalyell, Deputy-ColleBor, Kirkndbright, —— 25 William Martin, Deputy-Comptroller, — ". - _ ' 20 Francis Patoun, Land-Surveyor., 1 1 1 ; '* ‘ . 4 0 Janies Reid, Land-waiter and Searcher, — s - - 2; Leonard Freeman, ditto, and to take Care of the Boat, - 20 William Craik, Surveyor-General, ■ — — - too Bryce Blair, f Survtyori-Generalfrom Sark- 7 100 David Maxwell, \ foot to the River Dee, J . ja Nine Tide-waiters, each — — 1 —■ • *— 15 Four Boatmen, each- — —, — — 15 ll, B. There are only three Sloops employed in the Service of the Revenue, under the Management of the Commiffioners oftheCuftoms in Scotland; the iLftabliflunent for each Sloop, has follows, viz. per Annum l. s. d. To theCommander, ~ — — ,50 00 do To the Mate' — — — 25. 00,00 To eleven Men, at 15 l. per Annum each —“ 165 00 Oo To a Boy per Annum — — 6 ..Go 00 Viftualling 14 Men. at 6 d. per Diem each 127 15 00. Wear andTear, per Annum — 80 .00 . 00 PJWj employed iff the Salt ‘■'Duties in North- Britain. per Annum l. “round Pargiter, E/qy Comptroller-General, -100 vhambre Lewis, Affifianl, or firft Clerk, - . a? D» Jofeph, f 6c f^llt State .-Part II, per Annua I, Jofeph Tuder, E/j; Secretary, Sollicitor, Examiner, See., ko Sir Robert Dickfon, Supermfir-General, - jjo James'Armour, AJffant Sollicitor, — — • William Nelthorp, Clerk to the Secretary, -• ■William Bowles, Agent at the Treafury, . ——- 40 ‘Chambre Lewis, Storekeeper, . - - ■ ■ io William Rowley, Houfekeeper, — i 0 John Stanfield, Mejfeiiger, -—— — 10 ^effon^an#. George; Cheap, Colledor, •- ■ - — 30 ^.Charles. Miller, Sqpervijor, —;--—■ . 50 ’ Ten Officers, each » ■■ - ■■■ — 25 Fourteen Watchmen, each »■■■ ■ - ■ 15 r - Bo?rotoSonel& Robert Middleton, Collelior, -—- — 39 ,'James Skinner, .fia/OTT/Sr, .. 50 ,john Cranford,.^ 5 /?a;rf Super-vifor. Five Officers,.each — -■ 24 Seven Watchmen, each - ■■ 15! 3liloa* Walter Grofet, ColleBor, ■ — ■ » 3« -John Rennald, Supervifor, - ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ . ■ "— » 5 ° Ten Officers, each . - . 2; • Ten Watchmen, each . . >5 ftirfcatoiv I Robert Hay, Colledor, ■ — — — 3 s j JohnDurham, Supervifor, ——-S°j '• • Eight Officers, each :-- —-• . z 5 ■ c Ten Watchmen/ each, --- >5 ’ .. . UIrbing* . - . ' Laurence Nugent, Colledor, —— — 5 Thomas Boyd, Supervifor, < — •— .5 Two Officers;'each; .. — . — , —' *5 One Watchman, — — — ’> Book lir. of Great-Britain. jj atire John Fairlie, ColleSor, i - Roger Kerr, - Supemifor, •— Two Officers, each - Two‘Watchmen, each' Campb8lfotinand|liap, Thomas Frafer, Coilc 3 or, Daniel Farquharfon, Supervifo Two Officers, each One, Watchman, — j&tranraer» ' Edward Bruce, Colleger, . —— "• - — - 5 Charles Innes, Supermifor, ■ ■ . 1 * «. 5 NUMBER XXX.;' ■ A Li s t of. Jhe Faculty of Advocates, 1744. S IR William Cockburn,' Mr. James Graham, Senior, Bart. 1685 : Judgeof the High-Court of Mr. John Fairholm, 1692 Admiralty, Dean of Fa¬ rthest Craig, ciilty , Mr Alexander Anllruther, i John Pringle s/'Haining, Mr. Alex. Abercromby, 1604. i now one of the Senators of ' JohrtBelfches,/**. the College of JuJlice, Mm. Mr. William Carmichael, ‘ Thomas Halyburton, 1695 David Erlkine^Dun, now Mr. James Colvill, ' 1696 : one of the Senators of the William Forbes, Profeforl College of JuJlice, ' 1698 of Civil-Law in the Uni-' James Bofwel;’ • 734 Patrick Rofs, James Geddes, James Carnegie, John Erlkine, jun. James Ogilvie, Charles Mac Dowal, George Brown, James Dundas, Robert Kennedy, William Wallace, James Fergulfon, jun. James Erlkine, jun. john Rutherford, George Middleton, Sir James Stewart, Bart. 173; Mr. John Dalrymple, fen. William Scot, jun. Charles Gordon, Sir Michael Stewart, Bert. Mr, William Croffe, Adam Drutpinopd, 1736 Andrew Pringle, . DavicTMoncrieffe, Andrew Mitchel, j, m . ■ Adam Inglis, \Hon. Mr. William Frafer Hon, Mr. Geo. Mackay, I Mr. John Carmichael, James Burnet, John Gordon, John Stuart jun. William Law, ■ James Veitch, ,,,} Robert Dundas, jun. $,J. licitor-Qeneral, James Dunbar, John Cunningham, James Ofwald, Charles Campbell,- James Philip, William Binnins, William Mure, Will Binning, jun. 1740 James Livingfione, 1741 Robert Hepburn, John Dalrymple, jun. Thomas Miller, 1742 James Anderfon, ' William Cumming, David Dalrymple, Robert Bruce, John Craigie, James Montgomery,' 1743 John Callendar, 1 Archibald Duff, Alexander Madeod, Lewis Dowglas, ' Robert Welwood, ■ James Erlkine, Terliui, Gilbert Elliot, John Swinton, Ja/r. Robert Macqueen, 1744 Robert Dick, Patrick Macdowal, Francis Garden, ' John Grant. Book III. of Great-Britain. $7 Officers of the Faculty of Advocates for the Year 1744 - . , ttnfcpbcr Rhodes, Efq; f t* Annum, zu ch AtxanderUdny, Efq; J William Williams, Efq; Auditor, by Patent for Life, for him- felf and Clerks 310/. per Annum. He adts by a Deputy. Mr. George Frazer, Deputy Auditor. Stijilm Penny, Efq; Comptroller, for himfelf and Clerks, 500 1 . /»' Annua, hhr Wedderbum, Efq; Secretary, Clerk of the Securities, and Correfpondent; for himfelf and Clerks, 340 1. per Ann. Jam Nimao, Efq; Calhier, for himfelf and Clerks, 450 1 . per Annum. W Haldane, Efq; Sollicitor, for himfelf and Clerks, 180/. f'r Annum. f arns Hamilton, Efq; Affillant Sollicitor, Sal. 80/. per Ann. filliont Bowles, Efq; Agent at London, ;o /. per Annum. M’. Robert Forrefi, Accomptant General for the Duties of Ex- c*,Sal. i2o l. per Ann. Mr .John Dickie, Accomptant General for the other Duties; *1.100/. per Atm. Mr . Book III. Of Great-Brit ain. 63 Officers in the'Countiy. Three General Supervifors each 150/. per Annum: f 10 at —90 /. per Amt. each. Thirteen Colleftors, whereof < 1 at-70 /. per Ann. ■ _ ( 2 at -:—6 $ l. per Ann. each., Twenty-nine Supervifor, j 24 at ; -65 l. per Ann. each. whereof, [ [Jt ——60/. per Ann. each. Three Hundred and twenty-four Gaugers, at 35 /. per Antrim Ten Collectors Clerks, at 30/. per Annum each. Eleven Supernumeraries, at 2;■/. per Annum each. TenAffiftant Gaugers, VcM* - 2 J l l t” Ann. teach. whereof. 7 3 3 - ^ 1 . per Ann. each. NUMBER XXXVI. A LIST of the Lords and Others , Commijfmers of Police. VM.Earhf Sutherland, 1200/. J John Earl of Hopton, 1 } 8 °°'-“*- Janies herd Somerville, J Alexander Lord Garlies, 1 Sir John Anftruther, Bart. I , , Mungo Haldane, Ef r , f 4 °° A each. Thomas Grant, Efq; J Mr. Alexander Lind, Advocate, Accomptant. George Carre, Advocate, Secretary. David Warrender, Deputy. NUMBER XXXVII. A LIST of the Lord-Lieutenants in North- Britain. M ID-Lothian, Earl of I March, Earl of Marchmont. Lauderdale. Selkirk, Duke of Roxburgh. Wlt-Lothian, Earl of Hopton. I Dumfries and Kircudbright, Welt-Lpthian, { Duke of Queenlberry. Galloway, r M ' Cfjel&efeftt State Galloway, Earl of Stair. Cliddifdale, Earl of Selkirk. Renfrew, Lard Rq(s. Aire, Earl of Loudoun. Sterling and Clackmannan, Earl of Buchan. Perth, Earl of Brodalbin. Fife and Kinrofe, E. of Rothes. , Angus, Duke if Douglals. Invernefs, Lord Lovat. Rofs, Charles Rofs, Efq; C'romartie, Hugh Rob, jun. Efq; Pattll, Murray, Alex. Brodie, £/» Caithnefs, Earl of Sutherland Nairn, Hugh Rofs, f n . fy. i Sutherland, Ear/s/ SutherlSj Orkney and Zetland, Earl), Morton. 1 Dunbarton, Duke of Montiod Aberdeen, Earl of Rflthes. Kinkardin, Sir Peter Frazier. Roxburgh, Duke r/Roxbureh, Tvveeddale, Earl of Match. NUMBER XXXVIII. The Baronets'in Scotland, Alphabetically digejld, with the Dates of their Creation. W illiam Alexander of Menflrie, 21 May, 1625, Saiife Earl Arthur Achefon of Glencairn, 1 Jan. 1628. John A mot of that Ilk, 27 July , 1629. ■ James Agnew of Lochnaw, 28 July, 1629. James Abercrombie of Birkenboig- Robert Ahftruther of- Wrae, 28 Nov. 1694. John Anftruther of that Ilk. Thomas Burnet 0/Leyes, \ April, 1626.. JohnBInccadere/Tulliallan, 28 July, 1626. Michael Bruce s/ Stenhoufe, 29 Septemb. 1628. James Balfour of Denmiln--1631. James Brown of Barbados,' 17 Feb. 1664. Extlr.El. William Bruce s/Balcalkie,’21 Off. 1688. William Bennet of Grubbet, 18 Nov. 1670. George Bennet in the Prom, of Fife, 28 July 1671. Extinlt- John Baird of Newbith, 4 Feb. 16S0. Alexander Bannerman 0} Eliick, 2S Deccmb. 1682. Alexander Barclay of Towie, 22 March, 1686. .. Alexander Brown of Collloun, 16 Feb. 1686. ‘ Robert Baird of Sauchton-Hail, 21 Feb. 1695. • ■ • C. • ■ 7 ■ • John Campbel of Glenorchie, 29 May, 1625. S.E; ■ , James Colquhoun. alias Grant of Grant W.Xufs, 30 J«t> ,6z S- - ' * . William Book III. of GR E A T 7 BkiTAm 45 y ? William Cunningham of Cunningham-head, 4 July, 1627.’ $ V Alexander Cockboum of Langtoun, 21 Novemb. 1627. ^ Colin Campbel of Lundie, 31 Decemb. 1627. Extinll. James Campbel of Auchinbreck, 1 Jan. 1628. Donald Campbel of Ardnamurchan, 12 Jan. 1628. David Cunningham of Robertland, 2; Novetnb. 1630. Wm. Baillie, alias Carmichael, of Lamingtoun, 17 July, 1628. James Carmichael 0/ that Ilk, - S. E. James Carnegie o/Pittarrow, 20 Feb. 1663. James Chalmers, Son to Cults, 24 Novemb. 1664. William Cunningham of Caprinton, 21 Sept. 1669. David Cunningham of Corlhil, 26 Feb. 1672. James Campbel of Ardkinlafs, 23 March, 1679. John Clerk of Pennicook, 24 March, 1679. Thomas Calder of Muirtoun, 5 November, |6S6. ( William Cockburn of that Ilk, 24 May, 1671. James Campbel of Aberuchyl. Robert Cunningham of Auchinharvie, 3 Augufi, 1673. Alexander Cumming of Culter, 28 Feb. 169;. James Cunningham of Milncraig, 3 Feb. 1702. John Cathcart of Carletoun, 30 Nov. 1703. Robert Douglafs of Glenbervie, 28 May, 1625. William Dick of Braid, Extinll. James Dalrymple of Stair, 2 June, 1664. Scots Earl. David Dunbar cfBaldoon, 13 OSober, 1664. Extinll. Robert Dalziel of Glenae, 11 April, 1666. S.E. Attainted. Alexander Don of Newtoun, 7 June, 1667. John Douglafs of Kelhead, 26 Feb. 1668. Alexander Dalmahoy of that Ilk, 12 Decemb. 1679. Jsn'.es Dalziel of Pinns, November, 1685. George Dunbar of Mochrum, 29 March, 1694. William Dunbar of Dum, 29 Feb. 1698. John Dalrymple of Killock, 28 April, 1698. Hugh Dalrymple, alias Hamilton, o/North-Berwick, 2nAp. ifigg, James Dalrymple of Hales, 8 May, 1700. William Dunbar of Hemprigs, 10 April, 1701. James Sutherland, alias Dumbar, of Hemprigs, 21 Dec. 1706. William Dick of Preltfield, 2 March, 1677. Robert Dickfon of Carberry, 1 March, 1695. Gilbert Eliot of Stobs, 3^.1666. Gilbert Eliot n/Minto, 19 April, 1700. >mes Elphing(l oun of Logie, 2 Decemb. iyo John Erfkine o/ 1 Alva, 30 April, 1666. Char ‘« Erlkin of Cambo, 20 Anguft, 1666. .66 tljei^fcnt ©tate Part 11 . GeorgeForreller of Caftorphin, i 7 Ncv. i6 2 r. S' £ ’ : ' » . William Forbes of Monimulk, 30 Match, 162'-. ■■■■■■'• Arthur Forbes of Cattle Forbes, 29 Sept, i6z 8. 3 7. : .£ 1 Arthur Forbes of Craigivar, 20 April, 1630. ’ ■ Alexander Foulis ?/Coliingtoun, rjunc, 1634. William Fleming 0/Ferm, 23 Sept. 1661. Archibald Primrofe, alias Foulis, r/Dunipace, ir Scbt. ,66, Alexander Falconer of Glenarquhar, 30 March, 1670 ‘Ben* Alexander Fraser of Doors, 2 Auzufl, 16;;. Exiinli ' James Ferguffon of Kiikeixan, 30 Nov. 1 705'. Alexander Forbes of Foveran, iq April, 1700 Robert Gordon of Gordondoun, 28 11 %. 1627. Alexander Gordon of Clunie, 3 July, 1625. Extin} 7. James Gordon?/ Lefmoir, 2 Sept. 1/23. Wiiliam Grahame of Bracco, iSSef. 162,'. Extinll. John Gordon o/Haddo, 18 June, 1631. S. E. Robert Gordon of Lochinvar, 1 May, 1626. S. V. Andrew Gilmoire of- -16 Auguft, 1663. Extinct. William Grahame of Gartmore, 28 June, 1667. Charles Gilmoire®/ Craigmiller’ 1 Fcb."ifa%. Robert Grierfon of Lag, 28 March, 1683.' John Gordon of Park, 21 Auguft, 4686.'. James Graunt, Advocate. ExtinQ.. Thomas Gibfon, Son to Sir John Gibfon of Aldiilonn, 1-0: William Gordon of Dalphollie, 8 Feb. 1704. " Archibald Grant?/ Cullen, 7 Dec. 170c. ' Fhomas Gordon of -29 July, 1706. John Gordon of Embo.' James Gray, Efj ; 3 March, 1707. H, John-Hope Bruce of Kinrofs, 19 Feb. 1628. Francis hamiltoun of Killoch, 20 Sept. 1628. ExtinS. Patrick Hume of Pohvorth, S. E, Thomas Hay of Park, 26 Auguft, 1663. K‘ n Hendcrfon e/ Fordel, 15 July, 1664. « »u - T t j6 March, 1667. Robert Hay of Lenplum, 2b March, 1667. Alexander Hamiltoun of Haggs, n Feb. 167c. Extinli. John Houllon of that Ilk, 28 Feb. 1668. Peter Hacket ?/Pitferren, 23 Jan. 1671. Alexander Hope of Carfe, 30 May, \ ' 74 s ' I deucy in the-Year 1628. . J Alexander Murray of Melgum, 29 Jan. 1704. Exlinlt. | N. . Archibald Napier of Merchiftouu. 2 March, 1627. S. L. John Nicholfon of Lefwade, 27 July, 1629. Thomas Nicholfon s/ - Carnoch, 16 Jan. 1637. Extinll. Henry Nilbet of Dean,. 2 Dec. 1669. William Nicholfon of Kcinney, 13 April, 1700. John Nicholfon of Tullicultry, Extinll. William Naim of Dunfinnen, 31 March, r 7041 James Nafiuith of Davick, 31 July, 1706. O. David OgHvi vof Innerquharty, 29 Sept. 1626. George Ogilvie of Carnoullie, 24 Jpril, 1626. George Ogilviec/ Bamf, 30 July. 1627. S.L. James Oliphant of Newtoun, zX July, 1629. George Ogilvie of Barras, 5 July, 1662. Alexander Qgilvie-eyf Forglen,. 25 JWy,. 1701. j Book HI. Cf GRE AT-BR I TAI N, 6$ t :(loim of Airdry, ziFeb. i6?8. ? Prefton of Valieyfield, 13 March,. 1637 . riuirofe of Chelter, 5 Aug, 1651. Now Earl o/Rofs* iPurves of Purvelhall, $ July, 166;. Pringle of Stitchel, 5 Jan, 1683. 'aterl'on of Bannockburn, 6 March, 1686. rterfono/Grantoun, 28 July, 1687. Pollook of that Ilk, 30 AW. 1703. R. Alexander Ramfay 5/ Balmain,'3 Sept. 1685. Walter Riddle o/rto Ilk, 4 May, 1628. lobn Richardfon of Pencaitland, 13 Nov. 1630. Extiv.B. John Ramfay 0/ Whitehill, 2 June, 1665. FrancisRuthveno/ Reidcaltle, 11 July, 1666. ExtinB, Gilbert Ramfay of Bamf, 3 DecemL 1666. Andrew Ramfay of Abbotlhall, 23 June, 1669. ExtinB. Jariies Rochead of Innerlieth, 4 June, 1704. Alexander Reid o/ - Barra, 30 Nov. 1703. S. Alexander Strachan of Tliomtoun, 21 May, 162;. James Stuart of Bute, 28 March, 1627. now an Earl. Join Sinclair of Kinnaird. James Sibbald of Rankeiller, 24 April, 1630. ExtinB-. John Sinclair of Dumbeath, and! , ■—Sinclair of Cainfbay, J / '• 3 • Jo. Skeen of Currihill. Robert Sinclair 5/ Stevinfon. 18 June, 1636. Walter Seatoun of Abercorn, 3 June, 1663. George Seatoun of Garletoun, 9 Dec. 1664. John Sinclair c/'Lonformacus, 10 Dec. 1664. James Stirling of Glorat, 30 April, 1666. Henry Stirling 0/ Ardoch, 2 May, 1666. Francis Scot of Thirlftane, 22 Augufi, 1666. Lord Napier- Michael Stuart of Blackhall, 27 March, 1667. Archibald Stuart of Calllemilk, 2% Feb. 1668. Robert Seatoun, Son to the Lord Wintoun, 24 Jan. 1671. Patrick Scot of Ancrum, 27 OBob. 167a. Charles Stuart, 2d Son to the Earl o/Murray, 23 Sept. 1681. 5 . E. Junes Sharp of Scotfcraig, 2\April, 1683. Thomas Stuart of Blair, 2 Jan. 1683. William Seatoun of Pitmedden, it Dec. 1683. Thomas Strachan o/Tnchtuthel, 8 May, 1687, John Stuart of Allanbank, 15 Augvfi, 1687. James Stuart«/Burrow, 4 Nov. 1687. Thomas IK< Will Robert Stuart of Tillicutiy, 24 ^4 1 $^ T. David Threapland ,/ Fingalk, 10 AW. 1687. John Weems of that Ilk, 28 7 %, ,62 c. 5. £ Heniy Wardlaw^Pittrevie, S March, ,6,,. ■ James Wood*/ Bonningtoun, ,, l6 g & Thomas WallaceyCraigie. 8 Afori, ,670. p/ f ° r «' r f B,ackw00d * 21 AW - >694. £*/&* Peter Wedderburn of Gosford, pDec. 1I7 John Whitefoord of Blairquhan, 30 Dec. ,70, Alexander Wedderburn of Blacknefi, q Aur James Weems of Bogie,2 2 OSob. lnlf S Wilbam Stewart, alia; Wifhart, 177^ ,- 0 6. FINIS. i" A G EN ERA L L I S T, OR CATALOGUE, Of an the Offices and Officers EMPLOY’D In the feveral Branches of His M a j e s t y’s Government Ecclefiaftical, Civil, Mili¬ tary, &c. I. In South-Britain,\ or England\ II. In North-Britain , or Scotland\ AND The Subordinate Offices and Officers placed under the Grand Offices to whofe Dir region and Difpofal they immediately appertain. LONDON: Printed in the Year MDCCXLVIII. ALU ¥ of all the- Peer s an& Peers sses of that'Part-of Grcat>Britain called England. H ISRoyalHighnefs Frederick-Lewis, Prince c^Great-Btii tain; EleBoral PnVf^BrarifwicKJ^unenbutgh; Pfiiierof Wales, Duke y Cornwall oW Rothfay; Duke: o/Glbuffeftef ml Edinburgh, Mar quit of the Ip c/Ely, iW o/Cheiter; Car- nth, anil Elthain, Vifcount of Launcerton in the County of Cbrn- wall, and Baron of Renfrew smiSnaudon, Lord'of the lues, ■ and Steward o/Scotland. Hi Royal Highncfi William-Augultus, Duke of Cumberland, Marquifs of Barkhamllead' in- the County of Hertford; Earl' of Kennington in- Surrey, Vifcount o/Trematoh ; i» oft? Cdunty’qf Cornwall, Baron of the Jjle of Alderney, firft' and principal Cixptimott of the mojl Honourable Order of the.Bttt\i\ The fhhmd.ftitle of Dukes, &c. or Ti- Griat Officers, who precede 1 DU K E Si ties given by Cour- tefy to their tldeffi Sons; Dr. Thomas Herring Lord Archlijhop of\ Canterbury, Lord Primate of all England. J Philip Yorke, Lord Hardwicke, Lord High- j Chancellor of Great-Britain. 5 Dr. Matthew Hutton, Arcbhifhop of York, ) Cord Primate cf England. J John Earl Gower, Lord Privy-Seal. ■ — FifcountTientbam. DUKES. 4 Cfje piefcnf State Part n, DUKES. Edward Howard, Duke of Norfolk, Earl- ' Marjhal,Hereditary Marfhal o/England, William Cavendilh, Duke of Devonfhire, . Lord Steward of his Majefty's Houfhold. Charles Fitz-Roy, Duke of Grafton , Lord- Chamberlain of the King's Hiujbold. Charles Seymour, Duke of Somerfet. _ v _ William Fitz-Roy, Duke of Cleveland and > Earl of Chichir | Southampton. | and Southampton, Charles Lenox, Duke of Richmond. ■ Earl 0/March. Charles Noel Somerfet, Duke of Beaufort. Mara, s/Worrier. Charles Beauclerk, Duke of St. Alban’s. Earl0**' - r - ' Charles Powlet, Duke o/Bolton. Thomas Ofborne, Duke of Leeds. John Ruffel, Duke of Bedford. Charles Spencer, Duke of Marlborough. ‘ John Manners, Duke of Rutland. John Montagu, Duke of Montagu. • James Hamilton, Duke of Hamilton and Brandon. • Charles Douglas, Duke of Dover and \ Queenlbury. j Peregrine Bertie, Duke of Ancailer and Kellevan. Evelin Pierrepqnt, Duke o/Kingflon. t Thomas-Holles Pelham, Duke of Newcallle. Marquifs Clare. William Bentinck, Duke ^Portland. . Marq. o/Titchfield. Robert Montagu, Duke of Mancheller. Vif count Mandeville. Henry Brydges, Duke of Chandos. Marq. o/Carnarvon, John Egerton, Duke of Bridgewater. Marq. o/Brackley, MARCIUISSES. William Herbert, Marquifs of Powis. Lard Powis. Thomas Watfon Wentworth, Marquifs of ) Rockingham. >. Earl of Burford. Marq. o/Wincheller. Afonv/Caermarilien, Marq. of TaviM. Marq. e/'Blandford, Marq. of Granby. M.e/Mountheracr,' £ Marq. e/Clydefdale. Marq. Beverley. Marq. of Lindfey. Marq. of DoAhi EAR^ Book III. Of Great-Britain. 5 EARLS. George Talbot, £*»>•/o/Shrewfbury. . Lord Fumival. Eduard Stanley, Earl of Derby. Lord Strange, Francis Hallings, Earl of Huntingdon. . Lord Haftings. Henry Herbert, Earl of Pembroke and 7 WHertet Montgomery. j Henry Clinton, Earl of Lincoln. Lord Clinton. Henry-Bowes Howard, Earl of Suffolk J ^ Andover> and Berklhire. J James Cecil, Earl of Salifbury. Lord Cranborn. Brownlow Cecil, Earl of Exeter. Lord Burghley. James Compton, Earl o/Northampton. Lord Compton. Edward Rich, Earl of Warwick and Hoi -1 £ orji Ripll land. J William Fielding, Earl of Denbigh. Lord Fielding. John Fane, Earl «/Weltmoreland. Lord Defpencer. ! Charles Mordaunt, Earl of Peterborough 1 w Mordaunt . ; and Monmouth. J Harry Grey, Earl of Stamford. Ld. Grey o/Grooby. : Daniel Fipch, Earl of Winchelfea ^ MaidRone. Nottingham. J PMipi-Donner Stanhope, of Chelter -1 Uri Stanhope _ Sackville Tufcon, Earl o/Thanet. Lord Clifford John Montagu, Earl of Sandwich. Lord Hinchinbrook, H ch£ de ’ ^ ° /Claiend0n md R °' J Uri Cornbury. Anne-Holles Capel, Earl of Effex. Lord Malden. George Brudenel, Earl of Cardigan. Lord Brudenel. Richard Annelley, Earl of Anglefey. Lord Annefley. Henry Howard, Earl of Carliile. Lord Morpeth. Francis Scott, Earl of Doncailer. Lord Tindal. Richard Boyle, Earl o/Burlington. J L ’Lanetoo^ Anthony-Alhley Cooper, Earl of Shaftlbury. Lord Aihley. George-Henry Lee, fa?-/o/Litchfield. ' Lord Quarendon. John Robarts, Lari of Radnor. Lord Bodmyn. Augnfhis Berkley, Lari of Berkley. W Dudley. Lord Norreys. . Lord Campdetk Lord D’arcy. nymooth. ’ ' °^\ ^ ari Windfor. Matthias-StaffordHoward,Ear/o/Stafford. Lord Stafford, homas Ltunley, Earl o/Scarborough. Lord Lumley. A 3 George; ..ruougnoy Bertie, Earl of Abingdo “Ptift Noel, Earl of Gainlborough. Robert D’arcy, Wo/Holdemel. Other-Lewis-Windfor Hickman. Ea 6 %\ } z piefetit Btate Part n, George Booth, Earl 0/Warrington. Lord Delamere. Richard Newport, Earl of Bradford. Lord Newport. WMenry^enftein, EarlofR och- William-Ann Kan Keppel, Earlof Mse- ,? ^ ^ William Coventry, Earl of Coventry. Lord Deerhutd William yiBiers, Earl of Jerfey. . Lord Villiers. Henry H’Auverquerque, Earl ^Grantham. Lord Bollon. John Potilet, -Earl 0/Poulet. Lord Henton. Francis jGadolphin, »/Godolphin. Vi fount Rialton. George .Cholmondeley, Earl of Cholnifn- J Edward Harley, Earlof Oxioriaxd Mor- 7 t . rr , timer. J ey. Robert.Shirley, Earl'of Ferrers. Lord Tamwortfi. Williap \Kentwort(i, Earl of Stafford. lord Wentworth. William Le'gg, EarLof Dartmouth^ Lord Lewifham. Henry 'Paget, Earlof Uxbridge. Lord Paget. Charles Rennet, Far/v/Tankerville. LordQISmm. Heneage Finch, Far/o/'Aylesford. Lord Guemfey. . ]6im%hiyey,-Ear/ofBiillo]. Lord’Bum/.' John Carteret, Earl Granville.- Vifcount Carteret. George-’Dunk Montagu, Earl off! allifax. Lord Snnbury. George-AugntlusYelverton, EarlofSuttex. Lord L-ongueville. William Covyper, JWCowper. Lord FoidmA. Philip'Stanhope, Earl Sfanhope. ior/Elvallon. Philip ,'Sherrard, Earl of Hamotoagh. Lord Sherrard. George Parker, Earlof Macclesfield. Lord Parker. Thomas 'Farmer, Earl yPom&et, alias \ . , w Pontefrafi.' ' ' ' \ Lori Lempller. William jfimjiam, Earl Graham. Lord Graham. Robert Ker, Earlier. Lord in. James Walclegraye/ Earl Waldegrave. Lord Chewton. Benj^run .Mildmay, Earl Fitzwalter. Lord Harwich. John Alhbmoh'am, Frf/t/.^’Alhburnham. Lord St. AJapk T r ofin&£*' tt ’ | Lwi Robert 'Walpole, Earl of Orford. Fife. Walpole. William Stanhope, Earl o/ 1 Harrington. Fife. PeterlHain. William'Eultenw, Earl of Bath-' Fife. Pulteney. ■ John'Wallqp, of Portfniouth, Fife. Lymiigtoit. Thomas Coke, Earl of likelier. Flfc. £o£e. , Hugh Fortefcue, Earl Clinton. Lord Fortefcue. FrancistGreyille, Earl Brooke. --- John Hohartj E^rl’of Buckinghamihire. IWHobart. Wdliam'Fitzwilliam, JW/Fitewilfiam. Fif Milton. 7 Book III. Of GREAT-BRITAIN. VISCOUNT'S. Price Devereux, Fj/f. Hereford. William Hatton, Vifi. Hatton l HenrvBrowne, Vifi. Montacute. Henry Lowther, Vifi. Lonfdale, Richard Fiennes, Vifi. Say and John' St. John, Vifi: St. .John. Sea j e Richard'Temple,^ Cobham. Thomas Bellafyfe, Vifi. Falcon- Hugh Bofcaweo.Fr/c.Falmouth. b£f? Simon Harcourt, Fii/r.Harcourt. Charles Townfhend, Vifiount George Byng, Vifi. Torrington. Townlhend. James Fitz-gerald.F^.Leinller. Tho Thynne, Fr/e. Weymouth. JacobBouverie, fl/f.Folkdlcme. George Nevil, lord Aberga- John Ward, ZWWard. : venny. Marmaduk* Langdak, . lord James Touchet, lord Audley, Langdale. [Earl of Caftlehaven.) John Berkeley, Lord Berkeley Algernoon Seymour, [Earl of «/" Stratton. Hertford) Lord Piercy. Charles Cornwallis, LtrdCom- John Well, Lord De la War. wallis. ferdinando-Dudley Lea, Lord John Arundel, Lord Arundel of Dudley. “ Trerice. Charles Stourton.WStonrton. Fulwar Craven, Lord Craven, Richard Verney, Lord Wil- Hugh Clifford, Lord Clifford Steve, ciunbe. Note, That the following Perfom are Peerefles of the Rtelm!, their own R,ght, either by Creation orDefcent. ™ MARCHIONESS. Jeminia Campbell, Marchmefi Grey. • . ' :;,; V COUNTESSES. ^I'? re L c 0 ? ing ' by > Countefs Coriinglby. Melafinah Sdiuylenberg, CountefrofW-iVmfcam Amelia-Sophia de Walmodeh,. Countefs 0/Yarmouth. BARONESS, Margaret Thanet, Lady Clifford, C 1%1 ° ft % Hmfe °f Lor ^ A Wcy Cowper Efa- ■Affijlanl-Clerk, William Merrill, Ef r , P ^ G^hll\m ar t a TnM ls ' WiIliam Merrill, Efo; num- 9 Book III. of Great-Britai NUMBER II. H L I S f of the Knights, Commiflioners of Shires, Citizens and Burgeffes, fummoned to met at Weftminfter, the i %th of Auguft, 1747. BEDFORDSHIRE 4. Borough of Great-Marlow. 01R Danvers Olborne, Burt. William Ockenden Efq; S Thomas Alfton, Ef r , Merr ‘ ck Borrelj,A/ ?; k -' ff. _ c VvAtnA Jowx of Bedford. Thomas Gore, Efq; JohnOffley, Efq; BERKSHIRE 9. Penyllon Powney, Efq; Henry Pye, jun. Ejq; Borough of Reading. John Conyers, Efq-, Richard Nevil Aldworth, Efq-, Borough ^Abingdon. John Moreton, Efq; Borough of New-Windfor. Rt. Hon. Henry Fox, Efq-, Rt. Hon. Lord Geo. Beauderk.. Borough of Wallingford. Jofeph Townlhend, Efq-, Richard Tonfon, Efq-, BU C KS 14. Hon. Sir William Stanhope. Richard Lowndes, Efq; Borough of Buckingham, George Grenville, Efq-, Richard Grenville, Efq-, Borough of Chepping-Wicomb'. Edmund Waller, fen. Efq-, Edmund Waller, jun. Efq; Borough of Aylelbury. Rt.Hon. Earl of Inchiquin of the Kingdom of Ireland. Edward Willes, Efq ; Borough of Wendover. John Hampden, Efq; Rt. Hon. Ralph Verney, Earl Verney in the Kingdom of Ireland. — Borough o/Agmondefham. Sir Henry Marlhall, Knt. William Drake, Efq-, CAMBRIDGESHIRE 6. Hon. Philip Yorke, Efq; Soame Jenyns, Efq; Unvverfity of Cambridge. Hon. Thomas Townfhend, Efq-, Hon. Edward Finch, Efq; town of Cambridge. . Rt. Hon. Lord Vifc. Dupplin. Samuel Shepheard, Efq; CHESHIRE 4. Charles Cholmondely, Efq; John Crewe, jun, Efq; , City of Cheiter. Sir Robert Grofvenor, Burt. Philip Henry Warburton, Efq;- CORNWALL 44. Sir Coventry Carew, Bart. Sir John Molefworth, Bart. Borough o/Dunhivid, alias' Launcefton. Sir William Morrice, Bart. Sir John St. Aubin, Bart. Borough Borough of Leflcard, or Lifkerret. Part II Charles Trelawny, Efq; George Lee, Efq; Borough of Leftwithiel. Hon. Richard Edgcumbe, Efq; James-Edward Colleton, Efq; Borough of Tr,uro. Hon. Edward Bofcawen, Efq; Hon. John Bofcawen, Efq; Boroughjf St. Maws. Rt. Hon. Lord Sundon. Robert Nuee ~ Borough.of Bodmin .' trough,of \ Sir William Irby, nuri. John Laroch, Efq; Borough of :He!fton. Francis Godolphin, Efq; John Evelyn, Efq; .Borough c/’SaltaQi. . u uj. oauain Thomas Corbet, Efq; Stamp. Broqklbamk, Efq; *-». uj .v_imieuord. Rt. Hon. Earl of London- , derry. Samuel Martin, Efq; John Frederick, Efq: William Noel, Efq; Borough e/Grampound, viT*' ij^George-Bentinke. i nomas Hawkins, Efq; - - tin*, Efq; Borough of Eafflow. John Bailer, Efq; Franks Galhry, Efq; Borough -of Penryn. Hon. Geqrge ltofcawen, Efq; Hon. Hemy .Conway, Efq; sgtaSffip William Trevahiqn, Efg; Tho:^^ Hon. Horatio Walpole, E/Jj Borough o/Newport. Hon. Nicholas Beibert, Ef„; Thomas Buty, Efq; Borough of St. Germans. Richard Elliot, Efq; Thomas Potter, Efq; it. Mich Borough of St. Michael. Thomas Clarke, Efq; Albert Nelbitt, Efq; CUMBERLAND6. Sir James Lowther, Bart. Sir J. Pennington, Bart. City if Garliile. Ho*. Charles Howard. Efq; John Stanwix, Efq; Borough of Cockermouth. John Mordaunt, Efq; Rt. Hon. William Finch, Efq; . DERBYSHIRE 4. Rt. Hon, Marq. o/’Hartington.' Sir Nath. Curzon, Bart. Borough of Derby. Rt. Hon, Lotd Vifc. Ducannon. Hon. John Stanhope, Efq; DEVONSHIRE 26. Sir William Courtney, Bari. Sir R. Warwick Rampfyld,#. City of Exeter. Humphry Sydenham,, E/2 John Tqckfield, Efq; Borough ofAMoast John Harris,-^, John Arfcott, Efq; ■ Borough (/"Tiverton. Sir Dudley Rider, Kut. Colonel Cunningham. . Borough o/'Clifton-Dartmouth- Rt. Hon. Walter Cm. Efq; John Jefferies, Efq; Borough Book HI. Of Great Borough o/Oakhampton. . Thomas Pitt, Efqi n Lyttelton,//?; , m gb c/Hontton. j/.Hw.S/rWmYounge.ftwf. lohn Heath, Efq; Borough of E lymouth. ft. Ron. lord Vere Beauclerk. Arthur Stert, Efq; Borough of licerealtton. Sir William Morden Harbord. Sir Francis Henry Drake, Bt. Borough of Riyjnpton. George Treby, Efqi William Baker, Efq; Borough of Totnefs. Sir John Strange. Charles Taylor, Efqi Borough o/Barnftaple. Sir BouchierW ray, Bart. Thomas Benfon, Efqi Borough of Taviftocke. Thomas Brand, Efqi Sir Richard Wrottefley. DORSETSHIRE 20. George Chafin, Efqi George Pitt, Efqi Tmn e/Poole. Jofeph Gulftori, jun. Efqi George Trenched, Efqi Borough s/Dorchefter. Nathanael Gundry, Efqi' John Browne, Efqi Borough n/Lyme-Regis. John Scrope, Efqi Henry-Holt Henly, Efqi Borough and Town of Wey¬ mouth. Welbore Ellis, Efqi Richard Plumer, Efqi Borough of Melcomb-Regis. George Doddingtbn, £/y; Edm. Hungate Beaghatn, Efqi Borough o/’Bridport. James Grenville, Efqi John Frederick Finney, Efqi ■Britain. h Borough of Shafton, alias Shaftlbury. Cuthbert Ellifon, Efqi William Beckford, Efq; Borough of Wareham. John Pitt, Efqi R. Banks Hodgkinfon, Efqi Borough of Corfcaftle. Henry Bankes, Efqi John Bond, Efqi DURHAM 4. George Bowes, Efqi Hon. Henry Vane, Efqi City of Durham. Henry Lambton, Efqi John Tempeft, Efqi EBOR.i.f. YORKSHIRE 30. Rt. Hon. Sir Conyers D’Arcy. Sir Miles Stapylton, Bart. City of York. William Thornton, Efqi George Fox, Efqi Town of Kinglton upon Hull. Rt.Htm. Lord Robert Manners. Thomas Carter, Efq; Borough u/ Knarefhorough. Sir Henry Slingfby, Bart. Hon. Richard Arundel, Efq ; Borough 0/Scarborough. Edwin Lafcelles, Efqi Roger Handafyd, Efqi Borough of Ripon. William Aifiabie, Efqi Sir Charles Vernon. Borough of Richmond. JohnYorke, Efqi Rt. flw.William, Elof Ancram. Borough of Heydon. JohnSavile, Efqi Luke Robinfon, Efqi Borough «/ Boroughbridge. Hon. William Murray, Efq; Rt. Hon. Francis Scot, Earl of Dalkeith. Borough of Malton. Hon. Henry Finch, Efqi John Moftyn> Efq; ^ 12 Borough o/ThirlL Frederick Frankland, Efq; Thomas Frankland, Efq; Borough of Aldborough. Andrew Wilkinfon, Efq-, Nath. Newnham,yV«. Efq j Borough of Beverly . ., Charles Pelham, £/ ? , &W of tit rtfor &r William Codrington, F % , Norhnrnp v, Borough of Queenborough, Richard Evans, Efo; Borough of Hunting Edward Montagu, Efq; ■Kellond Courtenay, Efq; KENT ,o. Sir Edward Deering, *,,/. Sir Roger Twyfden, Bart. City of Canterbuiy. Thomas Bell, Efq; ' ' Matthew Robiijfon, jun. Eh: City of Rocheller. Sir Chaloner Ogle, Knt. i nomas Uielter, Efq; Norborne Berkley, Efq; trough o/'Tewklbury uorougo of lewklbury. Rt Hon.LordVifi. Gagei William Dowdefwell, Efq; Borough of Cirenceller. Hon. Henry Bathurh, Efq; Thomas Mailer, jun. Efq; C//y of Glouceller. John Selwyn, feu. Efq; ' Remain gat).■’ ’ - Borough OJ yueentx Richard Evans, Efq; Thomas Newnham, Efq; Borough of, Maidllone. Wm HorfemondenTurner, Efq i Hon. Major Robert Fairfax. LANCASHIRE 14. Rt. Hon. Lord Strange. Richard Shuttleworth, Efq; Borough of Lancafler. . ucis Reynolds. Eh-. J—.. jcn. ttjq; i\ii.iiaru onuttiewortn, 1 Benjamin Bathurll, Efq; Borough of Lancafl .HEREFORDSHIRE 8 p? acis J ^ noIds > M> fiiSSg*- • EsaSaj Book III. Of Great-Britain. 13 MONMOUTHSHIRE 3. Borough of Wigan. Richard Clayton, Efq; His. Richard Barry, Efq; . BoroughofCl ithero. Sir Nathanael Curzon; Bart. Thomas Lifter, Efq; Borough of Newton. Peter Legh, Efq; Sir Thomas Grey Egerton, Bt. LEICESTERSHIRE 4. Edward Smith, Efq 5 Wiightfon Mundy, Efq; Borough of Leicelter. James Wigley, Efq; George Wright, Efq;. LINCOLNSHIRE iz. Robert Vyner, Efq; Thomas Whichcot, Efq; City of Lincoln. Charles Monfon, Efq; Coninglby Sibthorpe, Efq; Borough of Stamford. John Proby, jun.. Efq; Robert Barber, Efq; Borough of Grantham. Bt. Hon. Marquis of Granby. Sir John Cuff:, -Bart. Borough c/Boilon. Bt. Hon. Lord V ere Bertie. John Michell, Efq; Borough of Great Grimfby. William. Locke, Efq; John Gore, Efq; MIDDLESEX 8. Sir Hugh Smithfon, Bart. Sir W. Beauchamp Proftor, Bt, City of Weftminfter. Bt. Hon. Lord Vifc. Trentham. Hon. Sir Peter Warren. City of London. Sir John Barnard. S’r William Calvert. Shnglby Bethell, Efq; Mfhen Theo. Janffen, Efq; William Morgan, Efq; Capel Hanbury, Efq; Borough of Monmouth. Fulke Grevile, Efq; NORFOLK 12. Armine Wodehoufe, Efq; Hon. George Townlhend, Efq; City of Norwich. Rt. Hon. HoratioWalpole, Efq; Rt. Hon. Lord Hobart. Town of Lynn-Regis, or King’s-Lynn. Sir John Turner, Bart. Horatio Walpole, Jan. Efq; Town of Great Yarmouth. Hon. Edward Walpole, Efq; Hon. Charles Townlhend, Efq; Borough o/Thetford. Charles Fitzroy, Efq; Rt. Hon. Lord Henry Beauclerk. Borough of Caftle-Rifing.. Rt. Hon. Lord Luxborough. Thomas Howard, Efq; NORTHAMPTONSHIRE* Thomas Cartwright, Efq; Sir Edmund Ilham, Bart . Town of Northampton. Hon. George Compton, Efq; George Montague, Efq; City of Peterborough. Hon. Edward Wortley, Efq; Matthew Lamb, Efq; Borough of Brackly. Hon. Sewallis Shirley, Efq; Richard Lyttelton, Efq, Borough of Higham Ferrers. John Hill, Efq; NORTHUMBERLAND 8. Sir William Middleton, Bart. John Fenwick, Efq; Town o/Newcaftle upon Tyne. Walter Calverly Blacket, Efq; Matthew Ridley, Efq; Town i4 Cfjepefent &eate Totok o/B erwick upon Tweed. St. Hon. Li. Vifc. Barrington. Thomas Watfon, Efq; Borough of Morpeth. St. Hon-. Li. Vifi. Limerick. Robert CM, Efq; NOTTINGHAMSHIRE 8. St. Hon. Li Robert Sutton. John Thomhagh, Efq; Town 0/Nottingham. Sir Charles Sedley, Bart. St. Hon. Li. Vifc. Howe. Borough of End Retford. John White, Efq; William Mellilh, Efq; . Partfl, Borough of Wenlock. Brook foreller,: Efq; Ifaac-Hawldns. Brown, Efq; Borough of Bilhop’s Caille, 1 Samuel Child,: Efq; John Robinfon Lytton,. Efq; I SOMERSETSHIRE Thomas Prnwfe, Efq; Sir Cha Keymeys Tynte, Bait. City of Briltol. St. Hon. Edw. Southwell, Eft; Robert Hobbrn, Efq; Borough of Taunton. Sir Charles' Wyndham, Bart Borough u/Newark upon Trent; Robert Webb, Efq ; St. Hon. Li. Will. Manners. c _ BormghofJtnkMa. Job Staunton Charleton, Elq; OX O N 9. Sir James Dafhwood, Bart. Norrys Bertie, Efq; Unherftty of Oxford. St. Hon. Li. Vifc. Combaiy. Peregrine Palmer, Efq; City of Oxford. Thomas Rowney. Philip Herbert, Efq; Boroughtf New Woodftock. St. Hon. Li. Vifc. Bateman. Hon. John Trevor, Efq; Borough of Banbury. JohnWilles, Efq; RUTLANDSHIRE 2. Hon. James Noel, Efq; St. Hon. Li Burghley. SALOP 12. Sir John Aftjey, Bart. Richard Lyfter, Efq; Town of Shrewlbury. fir Richard Corbet. Bart. William Kinafton, Efq; . Borough of Ludlow. Sir William Corbett, Bart. Efts. Richard Herbert, Efq; ——- Borough of Bruges, aliasBridg- Anthony-Langley Swymmer, north. 17 r ~ Hon. Sir Tho. Whitmore. Francis Fane, Efq; Thomas Lockyer. Efq; Borough of M ilborne Port, Thomas Medlvcott. Efq; Charles Churchil, Efq; City of Wells; Hon George Hamilton, Efq; Francis Gwyn, Efq;. Borough of Bridgwater. St. Hon. George BubDoding- ton. Efq: Hon. Peregrine Poulett, Efq; City of Bath. St. Hon. Geo. Wadb, Efq; Robert Henley, Efq; Borough of Minehead. Percy Wyndham Obrian, Efq; Charles Whitworth, Efq; SOUTHAMPTON, or HAMPSHIRE 26. St. Hon. Li. Har. Pbwlett. Francis Whittled, Efq; City o/Winchefter. Hon. George Bridges, Efq; Henry Penton, Elq; Town ^ Southampton. Peter Delme, Efq; Bookfll* of Great-Britain. i gown of Portfmouth. SUFFOLK 16. „„ Borough of Newport. s " Corde11 F ' reW *”♦' Thomas-Lee Dwnmer, Efq; fan. Caff. Bluett Wallop. Borough of Yarmouth. Henry Holmes, Efq; Thomas Holmes, Efq; Borough of Newtowne. Sir John Barrington, Bart'.- Maurice Bockland, Efq; Borough o/Lymington. Henry Burrard, Efq; Ben. Charles Powlett. Borough' of Ipfwich-. Edward Vernon, Efqj Samuel Kent, Efq; Borough of Dunwich. . Hon. Sir George 1 Downing, Bf. Miles Bame, Efq; Borough of Orford. Hon. Henry Legge, Efq; Hon. John-Waldgrave, Eft; Borough of Aldborcugh. trn uianes William-Wyndham Afhe, Efq; Borough s/Chriftchurch Twyne- Philip Fonnereau, Efq; ham. m Borough of Sudbary. Thomas Fonnereau, Efq; Richard'Rigby, Efq; Borough of Eye. Edw. Hooper, jun. Efq Hon. Char. Armand ^Borough of Andover. ^ 0 | er Towkthend Efq; h.Eou.LordFifc.Lymmgm. Edw. Cornwall* Efq; John Pollen, Efq; Borourhof Bury St. Edmund’s Borough of Whitchurch. John Selwynian. Efq; As, Charles Wallop, Efq; Borough o/Petersfield. John Jolliffe, Efq; ’ Rl. Hon. Will.Cqnolly, Efq; Borough of Stockbridge. Daniel Boone, Efq; William Chetwynd, fun. Efq; Rt. Hon. Li. Fife. Peteriham. Hon. Felton Hervey. SURRY 14. Borough of Gatton. George Newland, Efq; PaulHumphrys, Efq; Borough of Haflemere. STAFFORDSHI.RE.io% James Oglethorpe, Efq; Sir Walter Wagttaffe Bagot, Bt. Peter Burrell; Efq; Em. Will. Levefon Gori, Efq; Borough of Blechingly. City «/. Litchfield. Sir Kenrick Clayton, Bart. As.Rich.Levefon Gower, Efq; William Clayton, Efq; Thomas Anfon, Efq; Borough of Ryegafe. Borough of Stafford; Charles Cocks, Efq; William Chetwynd, Efq; Hon. Charles Yorke, Efq; John Robins, Efq; Borough of Guildford.. Borough o/Tamwortb. Richard Onflow, Efq; ®* of Rumney. . Sir Francis Dalhwood, Bart. Henry Furnefe, Efq; Port of Hyeth. William Glanville, Efq; ’Thomas Hales, Efq; 5 ovm and Port of Rye. Pi. Hon. Sir John Norris. ■ Phillips Gybbon, Efq; Levin and Port of Winchelfea Hon. John MOrdaunt. Thomas Orby Hunter, Efq; I Lewi and Port of Seaford. h Hon. William Pitt, Efq; William Hay, Efq; SWALE S-, 24. County of ANGLESEA 2, ^Nicholas Bayley, Bart. Borough of Beaumaris. Rt. Hon. Fife. Bulkeley. County of BR EGON z. Thomas Morgan, Efq; fawn of Brecon. Bon. John Talbot, Efq; County 0/ CARDIGAN 2. John Lloyd, Efq'; Town of Cardigan; John Symmons, Efq; County c/CARMARTHEN 2. .John Vaughan, Efq; Town of Carmarthen. Thomas Matthews, Efq; County 0/CARNARVON 2, William Bodvill, Efq; Town of Carnarvon. Sir Thomas Wynne, Bart. County of DENBIGH 2. 5 rr Wat. Williams Wynn, Bart. town of Denbigh. Richard Myddleton, Efq; County of F LIN T 2. Sir Thomas Molly n. Town of Flint. Kyffin Williams, Efq; County of GLAMORGAN 3, Charles Edwin, Efq; Town of Cardiff. Herbert Mackworth, Efq; County ^MERIONETH 1. William Vaughan, Efq; County 0/MONTGOMERY2. Edward Kynafton, Efq; Town of Montgomery. Henry Herbert, Efq; County of PEMBROKE 3 ’ William Owen, Efq; Town o/Haverfordweft. William Edwards, Efq; Lewis BarlOW, Efq; B County €&e pjefent Estate fartit County ^"RADNOR 2. Sir Humphrey Howorth. Town of Radnor. Thomas Lewis, Efq; SCOTLAND, 4 j. Shire e/ABERDEEN. Andrew Mitchell, Efq; Shire of AIR. Patrick Crawfurd, Efq; Share of A R G Y L E. Sir Duncan Campbell. • Shire of BAMF. James Abercromby, Efq; Shire ^BERWICK. . Hon. Al. Hume Campbell, Efq; Shirt c/BUTE and CATH- •NESS. James Stewart Mackenzie, Efq ; Shins of CLACMANNAN and KINROSS. Thomas Erlkine, Efq; shire of DUMBARTON. Mon. John Campbell, fen. Efq; Shire of KINCARDIN. Sir James Carnegie, Bart. Stotwty e/KIRKUD. : BRIGHT. John Mackye, Efq; Shire of LA N~ERK. Sir James Hamilton, Bart. Shire of LINLITHGOW. Hon. Charles-Hope Weir, Efq; Shires NAIRN ad CROMARTIE. John Campbell, Efq; Shirt 0/ORKNEY mi ZETLAND. James Halyburton, Efq; Shire of PEEBLES. John Dickfon, Efq; Shirt of PERTH. Rt. Hon. Lord John Murray. Shireof RENFREW. Williqm Muir, Efq; Shire of ROSS. \ Rt. Hon. Kenneth Madceraif Shirt of DUMFRIES. Rt.Hm. Lord Charles Douglas. Shire of EDINBURGH. Sir Charles Gilmour, Bart. Shire of ELGIN, tr - MURRAY. Sir Ludovick Grant, Bart. ; ..Shire of FI F E-. Janies Ofwald, Efq; Shire of FORFAR. Rt. Hon. Earl Panmure.. Shire of HADDINGTON. Sir Hugh Dalrymple, Bart; Shire ^/INVERNESS. Normand Mae-leod, Efq; Efq; Shire of ROXBURGH.' Walter Scot, Efq; Shireof SELKIRK- John Murray, fin. Efq; Shirt of STIRLING. Capt. James Campbell, Shire of SUTHERLAND. Cepe. George Mackay. Shire c/WIGTOUN, John Stewart,- Efq; ROYAL BURGHS. City ^Edinburgh. James Ker, Efq; BookUL Of Great-Britain. J9 Jirimll, WM, Dornoch, Burghs of Innerhithen, Dura- Dingwall? Taine. ferr/dine, Sfueensferry, Cul- Sir Harry Monroe, Bart. rofs, Stirling, Burghs of Inwernefs, Fortrofe, CajW. George Haldane.. Nairn, Forrefs. Glafgow, Renfrew, Reeglen, Alex. Brodie o/Brodie, Efq; Dumbarton. {trglis of Elgin, Cullen, Banff, John Campbell, Efq; Entire, Inverurie. Haddington, Dunbar, North Fin. William Grant, Efq; Berwick, Lauder, Jedburgh.' grirgha of Aberdeen, Inyerber- Andrew Fletcher, jun. Efq; '' r ' Burghs of Linlithgow, Selkirk, Lanerk, Peebles. Lawrence Dundafs, Efq; Burghs of Dumfries, Sanquhar, Annan, Lochmaben, Kirkud- brigbt. \ Sir James Johnfon, Bart. Wigtown, New Galloway, Stranrauer, Whithorn. Ir ™ itt > ^thefay, Camf. born, Burntijland. • beltrnn, Inverary. Lint. Gen. James St. Clair, Charles Erfkine, Efq; CM of the Hnife of Commons; -- Dyfon, Efq-, Clerk Affiant, -—— John Read, B/j; Serjeant at Arms, —— Wentworth Odiam, Efq; . B it NUMB- *4 , • frbmcbfi. S*^ 0 "- sssg^ raSb*. * ‘ NottinghamTo. Wt-WliUMMm Pariu |;S, J °>. “ Sftet Whitchurch. Sn’- Ge ‘rSeAug.LudgerlhalI, Shfl ’.' c 0 '" 35 ’ Lewis > Suffer, f^ herd > Sa ™e'» Cambridge, To fhi*y,Seawailis, Brackley,' s& vcr! t' ? ich ' L ^k Shuttleworth, James, Prefton, • gga* sir* S-y£ S ypU Srruthfon, Sir Hugh, Middlcfc* Southwell, Hon, Edw.Briftol, ’ Stanhope, H. Sir Wm. Bucks, sssfSc^aa SST£““ a^ D fSt-j* Sag" W'f 0 ]'- 1 ™ 0 N -Gallaway>r. Wmer’lnt 0 ^ ifir Sr"' Kw.t„.{a“| Turner, W. Horfcm. Maidftone ir». Twyfden, Sir Roger Kent. ’ K ®‘ £”% Sir Charles . Somtrfetfc Vane, Hon. Henry Durham, ^ Vmmh 3 ”’ 75““ Meri01 “tUlitt 1 Vaughan John CaermarthJ* Verney,Earlof Wendover Vernon, Hon. Edw. Ipfwich, ’ Vernon, Sir Charles Rinnnn v„.r, Taylor, Charles Totnefs ” 6 "’ I Kr; Thornton, William York H?£e^ SSssawsL T^n t’ H - Geo - No *lk, Tfacy, Robert Worceft... istl ||« 5 j vemon, Hon. Edw. Ipfwich, , Vernon'Th Charl£S Si?P° n , TorM. Vernon, Thomas Worceller, Yillers, Hon, Tho. . TanWrth, Vyner Robert Lincolnlhire, « 8 ?,S 2 & 2 S‘*** Walpole, R. H. Hor. Norwich, Walpole, Herat,oy«n. Lynn, Regis, Wa „ PO e ’S° n -rf dW - **“•«&* Wa pole, Hon HoratioCallington, » N. Charles Whitchurch, aUop, H. Capt. Ble. Newport, Hants Warburton, Sir Ph. Chellcr, S ^ Peter Weftminiter, S Th° ma s Berw. onTwteJ, Webb Robert Taunton,' f •»ir e ?« er * ■'^ rtlur Bridgnorth, Webfter, Whiflier Grinftead, Safer, ™VT“ St. Albans, Heitf. S?- 11 ™ Lincolnlhire. Whjthed, Francis Hamplhire, White, John , Retf or d Hotting. WhtemoreHSirT. Bridgnorth,Sale, Whitworth, Charles Minehead, • Way, James Leicefter, Flbraham Ran: Appleby, Wilfon, Edward ™ n Wiilps, John WilJes, Edward Williams, Kyffin Willy, William Devizes, Wi Sn Ed^f" Alboro ' Yori Weftmoreiand, Banbury, Orfori •Ayleibury, wiilanlon, Ai. „,„„ r0 „ Wilfon, Edward Wellm'crelar . Winnington, Francis Droitwich, Woodhoufe, Arm Norfolk, Wortley, Hon.Edward Petcrboroug Wray, Sir Bouchier Bamftable, Wright, George . Leicefter, Wrottefly, Sir Rich. Taviftock, Wyndham, SirCha. Taunton, Wynn, Sir Wat.Wm. Denbighflifie Wynn, Sir Thomas ..Carnarvon, Vonge, R.H. SirWm. Honiton, Dei Vorke. Hon phi:- r I Tr, oirWm. Honiton, I Hon. Philip Cambridge ^ or | ce » Hon. Charles Rygate, lYorJce, Tohn ' Richmond, Y [Yor&c, John I Volmg«, Hitch Book III. Of Gre at-Britain. fi» . NU MBER IV. ' -> fke NAMES of the Archbisho p s 'miz Bishops. ' . . D R. Thomas Herring, Lord Arehlijhop ^Canterbury. ..... Dr. Matthew Hutton, Lord Archbijhop of York. ■ - jjr. Edmund Gibfon, Lord Bijhop of London. .. Dr. Edward Chandler, Lord Bijhop of Durham. . -i Dr. Benjamin Hoadly, Lord Bijhop o/Winchefter, • ., ’ Dr. Jofeph Wilcox, Lord Bijhop of Rocheiter. ..... Dr. Richard Smallbroke, Lord Bijhop o/Litchfield and Coventry.- Dr. Samuel Peploe, Lord. Bijhop^ of Chefter. Dr. Thomas Sherlock, Lord Bijhop a/Sarum. . - ,... ; Dr. Martin Benion, Lord Bijhop o/GlouceRer. : Dr. Thomas Seeker, Lord Bijhop of Orfoi4. • ; Dr. Ifaac Maddox, Lord Bijhop a/Worcefter. : Dr. Jofeph Butler, Lord Bijhop o/Briltol. ■' ,j Dr. Matthias Mawfon, Lord Bijhop'of Chicheller...... „ ■ Dr. John Gilbert, Lord Bijhop oj LlandafF. • Dr. Edward Willes, Lord Bijhop a/ - Bath and Wells. ■ v ■ - - Dr. Thomas Gooche, Lord Bijhop of Ely; •. Dr. John Thomas, Lord Bijhop of Lincoln. . .. . ' Dr. Richard Trevor, Lord Bijhop of St. David’s. _ . : Dr. Samuel Lille, Lord Bijhop a/Norwich.. .. .... Lord james Beauclerc, Lord Bijhop of Hereford. ; Dr. George Lavington, Lord Bijhop 0/Exeter. ..- Dr. Richard Ofbaldiflon, lord Bijhop of Caflifle. .. - Dr. John Thomas, Lord Bijhop of Peterborough. Dr. Zachary Pearce, Lord Bijhop of Bangor. • • ■. Dr. Rohert-Hay Drummond, Lord Bijhop of St.Afaph. Dr. Thomas Wilfon, Bijhop ^Soder and Man. _ . NUMBER V. A L I S T of all the D i A n s. r\R. John Lynch, Dean Canterbury. 1_/ Mr. Fountain, Dean if York. , Dr. Jofeph Butler, Dean of St. Paul's. Dr. Cowper, Dean of Durham. Dr. Penyfton Booth, Dean of Wuii.hr. Pr. hdartin, Dean of Worcefter. ; a* title latent ©tate Part II, Dr. Samuel Crefwick, Dean of Bath and Wells. Dr. John Conybeare, Dean of Chrift-Church. Dr. John Clark, Dean of Sarum. Dr. Robert Lamb, Dean of Peterborough. Dr. Peter Allix, Dean of Ely. Dr. Thomas Cheney, Dean o/Wincheller. Dr. George, Dean of Lincoln. Dr. John Newcombe, Dean of Rocheller. Dr. Robert Bolton, Dean of Carlifle. Mr. Edward CrelTet, Dean ^Hereford. Dr. Thomas Chamberlayne, Dean of Brillol. Dr. William Holmes, Dean of Exeter. Dr. Thomas Brooke, Dean of Chelter. Dr. William Alhbumham, Dean of Chicliefter. Dr. Peter Maurice, Dean of Bangor. Mr. JohmEvans, Arch-Deacon of Llandaff. Dr. Daniel Newcomb, Dean of Glouceiler. Dr. Powel, Dean of St. Afaph. JWr. John Adinbroke, M. A. Dean of Litchfield. Mr. Jofeph Hill, Pracentor of St. David’s. Dr. Jofeph Wilcox, Dean of Weltminfter. Dr. Thomas Bullock, Dean of Norwich. NUMBER VI. A LIST of the Prebends in his Majeftfs Gift. Preb endaries o/Weftminfter. f \R.Tho. Manningham. XJ Mr* George Ingram. Dr. -Scawen Kenrick. Dr. Wilh'am Hay ter. Dr. JohnNicoll. Dr. Richard Bullock. Mr. John. Hume. , Dr. JohnHeylyn. Dr. — Crane. Dr. Thomas Wilfon. Mr; William Friend. Dr. John Taylor. Prebendaries of Windfor. Dr. John Pelling. Mr. James Barclay. Dr. —r— Martyn. Mr.,— : —Lowe. Mr. George Stephens. Dr. Richard Wilmot. Mr.. John Ewer. . Mr. William Burchet. Mr. Richard Terrick. Mr. William Gibfon. Mr. —,— Haynes. Mr.-Cornwallis. Prebendaries Mr. Thomas Inett. Dr. Thomas Jenner. Dr. Philip Smaliridge. Mr. Bernard Wilfon. Mr. Edwin Sandys. of Worcefter. Mr. Richard Meadowcowrt. Mr. Edward Stillingfleet. Mr. Samuel Holcombe. Mr. Robert Eden. Cartons 0ook III Of Great-Britaijj; Canons of Chrift-Church. d 7John Gilbert, LordBiJbop Di\ Robert Friend. of Llandaff. Dr. John Fanlhaw, Dr Philip Barton. Dr. Paul Forefter, Dr. Richard Trevor. Dr. Hunt. Dr. David Gregory. Dr, Thomas Tanner. Dr. Samuel Holcombe. Dr. William Ayerft. Dr. Young. Dr. Geakie. Dr. Dawnay. Dr. John Potter. PrsbendarUt of Canterbury. Mr. Griffith. Dr. Shuckford. Dr. Stedman. Mr. Deeds. Mr. Walwyn* NUMBER VII. A LIST of the Members of the Lower Houf® of Convocation, as returned in 1747. Canterbury TOHN Lynch, D. D. Dean. J Samuel Lord Biffiop of St. Afaph, Archdeacon of Canterbury , Samuel Holcombe, D D. one of the J p wa6r for the Chapter. Prebendanes of the laid Church. 1 r Thomas Rymer D. D. I Pro£lors for the Clergy. Edward Lunn, A. M. J ° idonaon: The Right Reverend Jofeph, Lord Bilhop of Brifiol, Dean. Edward Cobden, D. D. Archdeacon of London. William Gibfon, A, M. Archdeacon of EJfex. Fifield Allen, D. D. Archdeacon of Middlefex. Thomas Cartwright, D. D. Archdeacon of Cohhejlir. John Cole, A. M. Archdeacon of St. Albans. Samuel Baker, D. D. Prpftor for the Chapter. "rc“S D A D M. ■ {**»*»<**: BefiminSer. The Right Reverend Jofeph, Lord Bilhop of Rmbejler, Dean.' Scawen Kendrick, D. D. Archdeacon. John Nicoll, D. D. Proftot for the Chapter, •, . 28 €&e l&etent &tate Panii. aiincljeffer. , Zachary Pearce, D.D; Dean, (nowLd. Biihop of Bangor eleft) Robert Eden, B, D. Archdeacon of Winchejler. Richard Forney, A. M. Archdeacon of Sumy. ^“raa , {**»«» 4.0*,. JHlojceffer. Edmund Marten, -Clerk, Doftor of Laws, Dean. John Tottie, A. M. Archdeacon of Worcifter. Richard Meadowcourt, A. M. one of 1 the Prebendaries of die Laid Cathe- S Prottor for the Chapter, dral Church, J ■ fita^ta. LL. D. fproaorafctfe 0*,. .. Bat& and Hell*. Samuel Crefwicke, D. D. Dean. George Shakerley, Clerk, A. M. Archdeacon of Wells. George Atwood, Cleric, B. D. Archdeacon of Taunton. Francis Squire, Clerk, A. M. Archdeacon of Bath. Timothy Collins, derlc, A. M. Sub^p^ the Chapter . fcSS,. C S, fl ik J.I 40 - 4 . 4 . 0 *, ^Lincoln. Thomas Cheney, D. D. Dean. George Reynolds, LL. D,. Archdeacon of Lincoln. David Trimnell, D. D. Archdeacon of Leicejlet. The Hon. William Carmichael, LL. D. Archdeacon of Buds, Timothy Neve, D. D. Archdeacon of Huntingdon. Squire Payne, A. M. Archdeacon of Stow. John;Taylor, A- M. Archdeacon of Bedford. Charles Reynolds,’ D. D, Chancel¬ lor of the faid Church. Decimus Reynolds, A. M,. Preben¬ dary of the faid Church. Stephen Alhton, A. M, John Barton, A. M; ' >Proftors for the Chapter. ■Iproftors for the Clergy. JRotljtfier, John Newcombe, D. D. Dean. John’Denne, D. D; Archdeacon oLRocheJier. wS S&i * 1 }»-«* 4 T 4 .. 0 W 4 }r»e»-4,4,c taB r. Book III. Of Great-Britatn. 29 fierefo#,. Edward Creffet, Clerk, A. M. Dean. Robert Breton, Clerk,- A. M, Archdeaconof Hereford. Fcrerton Leigh, Clerk, LL. D. Archdeacon of Salop. Samuel Croxall, Clerk, D. D. Pfoftor for the Chapter. SsKSk'SftSi. V *** f0,: -ditdjfieto and Cobentcp, . John Addenbrook, Clerk, A. M. Dean. Penifton Booth, D. D. Dean of Wtndfor and Woolvtrhamptan. . Thomas Craddock, Clerk, A. M. Proftor for the Chapter of Wwlwrbampton. ' ■' - Henry Rider, Clerk, A. M. Archdeacon of Derby. Tames Brooks, Clerk, A. M. Archdeacon o( Stafford. . Thomas Smalbroke, Clerk, A. M. Archdeacon of Coventry. . William Vyfe, Clerk, A. M. Archdeacon of Salop. Samuel Smalbroke, Clerk, A- M'. Proftor for the Chapter. Samuel Poole, Clerk, A. M - lp ro ftors jfor the Clergy. Richard Levett, Clerk, A. M. 5- 1 67 (gyrtec, William Holmes, D. D. Dean. . • The Right Reverend George, Lord Bifhop of Exeter, Archr deacon of Exeter. lohn Pleech, Mailer of Arts, Archdeacon of Cornwall. George Baker, A. M. Archdeacon of Totnefs. William Hole, B. D. Chanter and t Proftor for the Chapter; Canon Refidentiary, 1 William Waddon, A. M. fProftors for the Clergy. Thomas Mornfon, A. M. J f&etertojoujifh ) No Return made, occa* V honed by the Death of J . theBilhop. Stalteburp* John Clarke, D. D. Dean. Archdeacon of Berks, 1 Archdeacon of Wilts, V not returned. Archdeacon of Sarum, } William Dean, Jonathan Waterman, | Proftors for the Clergy. 3° CSefrefetttgjtate Partii, ©ip. Peter Allix,D, D. Dean. - Pobert Eyton, D. D. Archdeacon of Ely. jRalph Perkins, Doto of Laws,' Proto for the Chapter.- John Perkins, B. D. ) Johp.Micklcburgh, B. D. jProftors for the Clergy, O’0, Jofeph Hill, Precentor. ■Richard Davies, Archdeacon of St. David's. Rice Williams, Archdeacon of Caermartheh. Edward Yardley, Archdeacon of Cardigan. Thomas Payne, Archdeacon of Brecon. James Tunftal, D. D. Proto for the Chapter. James Philipps, D. D. r Thomas Williams, A. M. J Protos for the Clergy, _ ©louceffer* Darnel Newcombe, D. D. Dean William Geelrie, D. D. Archdeacon of Gloucejler. Anthony Ellys, D. D. one of the ' ■ Proto for the Chapter. rreDenaaries, Theophilus Leigh, D. D.' S Thomas-Chamberlayne Coxe, A. M. J ProQors for the Clergy. John Conybeare, D. D. Dean. John Potter, D. D. Archdeacon of Oxford. Pluhp Barton, Doto of Laws, and - Canon of the laid Church t Proto for the Chapter, William Walker, Do to of Law, * William Bertie, B. D. | Proftors for the Clergy. William Powell, D. D. Dean ^ John Tanner, Clerk, A. M. one of ) ; the Prebendaries of the far'd Church I Proflor for th* Chapter, William Wynne. Clerk- A TUT 1 reuenaanes or tile laid Church 1JOttor 1 Wi iam Wynne, Clerk, A. M. William Worthington, Clerk A M Proa ° ri for the Clergy. Thomas Bullock, D. D. Dean. 11 “ D rl D - Anhdeacdi of Norwiti ilfh»d D ' A «Weaeon of Norfolk. K ^ arren - D- D. Archdeacon of Suffolk. Titus Weft, Clerk, - |Protos for th# Clfrgy. IPaitgoj. Book III. OfGREAT-B*ItAI* 31 JSanSo*. Peter Maurice, D. D. Dean. Archdeacon of Banger, | Archdeacon of Anglefea, j v8c * w > Hush Wynne, LL. D. Archdeacon of Merioneth. Hugh Hughes, Clerk, A. M. Prodlor for the Chapter. SiffiOL Thomas Chamberlayne, D. D. Dean. Edward Hammond, A. M. Archdeacon of Dorfet. Jofeph Cafberd, Clerk, A; M. Proflor for the Chapter. John Walker Clerk, A. M. J p ^ f tht Ctwgr . Richard Blackmore, A. M. J 67 v C&icfjeiler. William Alhbumham, A. M, Dean. Thomas Ball, A. M. Archdeacon of Chichejier. Edmund Bateman, D. D. Archdeacon of Lewes. Jphn Blacklhell, LL. D. Profior for the Chapter. Thomas Hutchinfon, D. D. ? Proflors for the Cleify. Charles Liddell, LL. B. J ' ilantiaff. John Evans, Clerk, A. M. Archdeacon of Llaniajf. Robert Gilbert, Cleric, A M. Chan-Ip^ for £kChapBr . cellor of the faid Church, J Henry Johnfon, Clerk, LL. D. Chan-1 cellor of the Diocefe and Precen-l p ^ for ^ Qagr , tor of the faid Church, f ^iHiam Harris, Clerk, A. M. J Henry Major, N.P. Clerk « Aftuary. . N U ME- Clje Piefcttt fcutii, NUMBER VIII, jfn Alphabetical Lift of the Baronets in England,/* the ftrft Creation of that Dignity . A Stotij Walter i6t i, B. B. Andrew, Henry-27, a Appleton, Roger extinft. Aftley. Richard Jug. 13,1662 Ayloffe, William Anderfon, Stephen June 13, Armine, Will. ex. Nov* 28, 1664 1619. Aucher, Anthony July 7, i665 Afton, Ralph 22 June 1620,ex. ex. Afhby.Francis i%June 1622,ex. Allen, Thoiiiasfrf.7.1672,01, Alhby, Anthony ex. July 3. Anderton, Francis OS. 8, t677 Afhfield, John ex.y»/27,1626. Alilon, jofeph Jan. 20,1681 Aylefbury. Tho. ex. April 19. Alhnrft,Henry July 21,1688,ex. Alhton, Thomas ex. July 25, Ayfchombe, Oliver' May 28, 1628. 1696, e; Anderfon, John ex. January Anguilh, alias Allen, Richard 3, 1628. Dee. 14. 1699 . Afton,- William ex. May 30, Abercrombie, James March 21, 1629. 1706, ex. . Alleyn, Edward June 24. Auilin, John Nov. 1714, ex. Abdy, Thomas July 7, 1641. Armytage, Samuel July 4,173s Andrew,William Decentb. it. Armitage, Francis Dee. 15, ex. B. Aftley, Ifaac ex. January 21. T) Aeon, Nicholas 1611 Alilon, Thomas June 30, I) Booth, George E. I, 1643. . Barrington, Francis Anderfon, Henry July 3,1644. Berkely, Henry E. E. Acland, H. January 31, 1678, Bellafyfe, Henry E. V. With a /pecial Clau/e of Pro- Brudene], Thomas E. £■ ceJency from the Date of the Bendiih, Thomas ex. Writ 1644. Baker, Henry ex. Afton, Edward Jan. 17. Bayning, Paul E. V, ex, Abdy, Robert June 9, 1660 Blackiton, Thomas ex.M/iy Adams, Thomas— 13 1615 Atkins, Richard—13 Allen, Thomas ex_14 Abdy, John——22 Aftley, Jacob-2; Auften, Robert July 1 o Aubrey, John- 23 Alhton, Ralph Ang. \, Aih, Jofeph Sept. 19, ex. Anderfon, Edmund Dec. 1 _ - -„ Afttburnham, Denny May 10, Bellingham, Henry ex. May$o 1661 Bifhopp, Boynton, Mat. May 2;, 1618 Burdet, Thomas Feb. 25 Beaumont, Thomas Sept. 16, l.V. 16.9 Bamberg, William ex. Dec. 1 Boteler, John ex. April 12, 1620 Berney, Richard May ; Biggs, Thomas ex. May 26 Book III. of Great-Britain. 33 RilhoDP. Tliomas 24 July, Bowyer,' William-25 , 6 “ _ ^ Barkley, Maurice I. V. July 2 September Bufwell, George 7, e Boothby, William- •i i Barker, John March vy Bright, John - - ■ - 16, ex. Button, William March 18 ex. Brown, Richard-22, ex. Bedell, Capel June 3,1662,ex. Bovey, Ralph Jug. 30, ex. Burton, Thomas July 22 Bowyer, John Sept, u, ex, Barkham, Edward June 28, Beal, John Off. 16, ex. ,62-, ex. Boothby, Thomas November 9, Beaumont, John June 29,1626. ex. J * Backhoufe, William ibid. ex. Bennet, Thomas-22, ex. Buck, John Dec. 12 [Brown, Robert e; IBrereton, William March it i Bridges, Giles E. D. May 17, Beddingfield, Henry Ja | i6; , 7 PMitmnnf Thom*. V. Bagot, Harvey May 30 j Brown,*'Ambrofe July 7, ex. 1 Benet, Simon July 17, ex. Bowyer, Thomas July 23, ex. Bacon, Butts-29 Bolles.John-24, 1628, ex. Beaumont, Richard Juguft 19, Boteler, William July 3, 1641 Batnpfield, Thomas—15 Butgoyne, John- Beaumont, Thomas Feb. 21 Broughton, Brian March 10 Bromfield, John-20, ex. Brook, Rob. May 21, 1661,ex. Barkham, Edw. July 21, ex. Banks, John Augufi 22, ex. Bickley, Francis Sept. 30 Bacon, Nicholas Feb. 7, ex. ' Braham, Richard April 16, 1662, cx. Bernard, Robert July 1 y • Brook, Henry Dec. 12 Brownlowe, John-26, ex. Erograve, Tho. March 18, ex. Brownlowe, William I. V. 27 Barnardifton, Thomas Apr. 7. Broughton, William 4 Briggs, Morton_12 Barnardifton, Sam. May 18, ex. Bindlofs, Robert-16, ex. Bellot," John June 30, ex. Borlafe, John May 4, 1642, ex. Barnham, Rob. Jug. 15, ex. Blackftone, Ralph July 30, ex. Bateman, Thomas^. -• :d, Thomas Jug. 30 Blount, Walter Offober ; Badd, Thomas Feb. 29, ex. Bale, John Nov. 9, 1643, ex. Butler, John Dec. 7, ex. Eathurft, Edward-9 Bard, Henry /. V. Offober 8, 1644 de Boreel, William March 21 Browne, Richard September 1 . 1649, ex. Bond, Thomas 1658 Brown, Henry ibid. 1664, e Biddulph, Theophilus Nov. 2, 1664 Brown, John May 16, 1665 Burdet, Francis July 25 Barker, AbelSr/tf. 9, ex. Bettenfon, Richard February 6, 1669 Bridgman, Orlando.Ofloi. 12, 1673 Blacket, William Dec. 12 Barker, William March 29, 1676 1660 Orlando June 7, Brooks, John Jaw 13 Barlow, 34- ’€&e Patent State Pan u, Barlow, John July 12,1677 Chudleigh, George Amutl ,' Eowyer, James May 18, 1678 Cottington, Francis E j with Remainder to Goring of February 16, ex ' ' „ Corbet, John July 4, 1625 e- Bradihaigh, Roger November 17, Curwen, Patricius March u * *679 1626, ex. Biount, Thomas-Pope Janu~ Cornwallis, Frederick E i 1 ^16 ' May 4,1627.' ‘ Beckwith, Roger April 15,1681 Crane, Robert—u ex Banbury, Thomas >,* 39, ex. Colepepper, William-, 7l C! Blacker, William January 23 Carleton, John—28, ex. Bi 84 rk'", ^ , Crowe, Sackvile July 8 ex. B oys Charles Apnl 15, ,686 Corbet, John Sept, ro, ,627 Blackham, Richard April ,3, Conyers, John Jul/ H , ,fas 1696, ex. Colepepper, Will. Sept. 20, «. Buckworth, John Apr. ,697 Cole, Nicholas March , Brown, William.ZW£. 14, ,64.0 ex' ' 1 1650, ex. . _ *±. Brown, Robert February 24, Cave, Thomas June 30, 1641 , Cotton, John July 14 „ , Chicheiler, John Autujl 1 Bovene, Will,am February ,9, Carew, Richard— q 7 1 ?’/ - f/ CafUeton, William-9 Bectt, Julius JAoventb. ,714 Cholmondelej ~ Byng, George Novemb. E. F. Curfon, John 1715 Bufwell, Eufebius o/Cliplknm Northamptonlhire, ex Bridges, Brook Blackwell, Lambert Blount, John 7 Juriti Brown, Robert Mar. 1, 73f C. /^Lifton, Gervafe ,6n Cope, Anthony Conllable, William, ex. Cotton, Robert Cholmondeley, Robert, ex, Carr, Edward, ex. Clarke, Simon, May 1,16,7 wy 1,1017 Cordell, Robert-: Cheller, Anthony March 23, Covert, John July 2, Coke, Edward, Dec. 30, ex. Cunningham, David Jamm 2,, ex. Corbet, Vincent-29, a Cowper, V'illiam E. B. Mer.\ Corbet, Edw. June ,0, 1642’ Conftable, Philip July 20 Chamberlain, Tho. Febr. 4 Crane, Richard March 2c, ex. Carteret,Geo. Mavg, 1645,1:1 Charecton, Edw. March 6, ex. Cutties, William April 2, 1652, ex. - Cullum, Tho. June ,,, 1660 Cutts, John,— -- “ v Cordell, Roberl 1619 Chaloner, William, Juh 21 1620, ex. J y Clare, Henry July 27, ex. Colbrand, John Dec. 2 ,, 16 Conway, Henry,—25, ex. Carpentier, A. Marigny, 165?, Cutler, John Ntrv. 9, ,660, ex. 1 Colleton, John Air. 18 Couileeae, Peter m, ?T Curfon, Book IIL Of Great-Britain. 3$ Curfon, Thomas-30 Coleby, Thomas June 21, ex. Cropley, John May 7, ix. Chapman, William June 27 Crook, George-10, ex. Codrington, William Apr. 21, Chcrnock, John—21 1731 Craven, Anthony June 4, ex. Clayton, William Jan. 3,173! Clavering, John-S Cullen, Abraham——17, ex. D. Copely, Godfrey ibid. ex. T'^Evereux, Edward E. V. Clarke, Clement—18 i6n Carew, Thomas Augujl 2 Dormer, Robert E. E. June Coriton, John Febr. 27 10, 1615 [Cocks, Richard/j&n 7, 1662 Dryden, Erafmus November 16, Can, Robert September 13 1619 [Cob, Thomas December 2 Delves, Thomas May 8, 1681., Cook,Will. June 29, 1663, ex. ex. [Campbell, Thomas Febr. 12, ex. Darnel, Tho. September 6, ex. Cookes, William, ex. Darrell, John June 13,1622,ext. Crifpe, Nicholas April 14, Drake, Francis Augujl 2 1665, ex. Deering, Edrv, Feb. x4x626 Carteret, Philip June 4, Drury, Drue May 7,1627, ex. 1670 , E. B. ‘ Dyer, Lodowick June 8, ex. Chater, William June 28, Dixwell, Eafil February \ 8, ex. 1671, ex, Dillington, Robert September- 6,, Croft, Herbert None, i 8, ibid. 162s, ex. Clarges, Walter CW.26, 1677 Ducy, Robert I. V. November Coldon, Robert March 29, 28, 1629, ex. 1677, ex. ' Dalfton, William Februaiy 13, Cud, Richard September 29 1640 Curll,Walter June 22,16b8,c.v. D’Ewes, Simond:,?/^ 1 e, 1641, Child, Jofias July 18, ex. ex. ■Chute, George "September 16, Drake, William-17, cx. 1684., far. Davie, John September 9 [Child, John Fib. 5, i6St- Dawney, Chriftopher/. V.May Compton, Will. May 6/1686 19, 1642 . Charlton, Job-12 Denny, William June 3, ex. Colt, Henry-Button March 2, D’Anvers, Samuel March 21 1692 Draper, Thomas June 9, 1660, Clark, Samuel July 2', 169S ex. Chetwood, John April 11, Dixwell, Bafil--19 1700 D’arcy, Thomas-20, ex. Cairncs, Alexander May 6, Dixey, Wolftan July 14 1708, ex. Dudley, William Augujl 1 Calvcrley, Walter-1711 Drake, John-31, ex. C'rofs, Thomas July 13, 1713 Dicer, kobert March 18, ex. Cepe, Jonathan March j ,4713 Derham, Tho. June 8,i66i,c,v. Carew, Nich. March —1714 Duke, Edward 7 «/y 17, ex. Chaplin, Robert Sept. 19,171 j, Dormer, John- -2%, ex. [*•, Duncomb, Francis Febr. 4, e.v. Chardin, John May 28 Daws, John 3 W 4,1693, ex. C 2 Downine.^ gowning, George July i D’Oyley, William July 29 Dukenfield, Robert June it €(je $?efent €>tate Part ij Edwards, Francis April 21! 1678, ‘withaClaufeofM cedency from 1644.' I Evelyn, Edward February J 1682, ex. ’ Edwards, James Dec. 7,1691 Elwill, John Aug. 2;, 1709 Evelyn, John Aug. 6,1713 Eyles, Fraricis Dec. 1, 1714 Elton, Abraham Nov. 1717 F. Diggs, Maurice March 6, ex. D’Oyley, John July 7, 1666 'Dike, Tho. March 3, 1676 Dutton, Ralph June 20, 1678 Dyer, William July 6 Davers, Rob. May 12, (682 Dalhwood, Robert September 16, 4684 Davies, George January 11, 1685, ex. Duck, John March 19,i684,ex. __ Duddlefton, John January 14, *jtton, Edw. 2,1617, 1691 Fouiis, David Febr. 6,1619 Denton, Edmund May 1 2, Forfter, Claud March 7, ex. 1692. ex. Forfter, Humphrey' May: Polben, Gilbert^, t, 1704 1620, ex. Dalhwood, Francis' June 28, Frier, Edward July 11, ex. i 707 ' Felon, Henry July 20, ex, | Dixwell, William June 1 r, Filher, Robert Dec. 7,1622, ex, 1716, ex. ’ Filher, Tho. July 19,1627/4 Putree, Dennis June iq, 1716, Fowler, Tho, May 21,1628,ex. ' - •' ' ‘ Fenwick, John F inch, Moyle E. E. 1611 Fleetwood, Richard P’Aeth, Thomas July 1716 Decker, Matthew July 20 Drury, Tho. Feb. 16,163®- E Ngleiield, Francis 1611 ElTex, William, ex. Egerton, Rowland April 1617 Eftcourt, Giles March ' 1626, 1 Ferrers, Henry Dec. 19, ex. Fletcher, Henry February 19, 1640, ex. Farmer, William E. E. Sept. 5, 1645 Forefler, Richard—1649, ex. Fanlliaw, Richard Sept. 3, 1639, Finch, Heneage, E. E. June 1, 1663 Franklin, Richard 0<7. l6,ex, Foot, Thomas AW. Everard, Richard Jan. 22,1628 Fetherftone, Henry Dec. 4, ex. Earl, Richard July 2, 1629, ex. Fagg, John-11 Every, Simon May 26, 1641 ' Frankland, William ■— 1 Eidrad, River Jan. 29, ex. Fettiplace, John March 3c, Enyon, James Apr. 9,1642, ex. 1661, ex. Evelyn, John Nay 29,1660,ex. Fowel, Edmund April 30, ex. F.lweys, Jervafe June 22 Forfter, Reginald July 21, ex. Ellis, Thomas -— 30, ex. Freifendorf, J. Fred. OBobcr 4, Ernly, Walter Febr. 2, ex. ‘ ex, Eden, Rober t Neman. 12 ,1672 Full, Edward Augujl 21> 1662 Book Ilf. of G^eat-Britain. 37 Forcefcu, Edmund March 31, Gel!, John Jan. 29, ex. 1664, ex- Golding, Edward Sept. 27, ex. Fortefcue, Peter January 29, Gould, Nich.^W 13,1660, ex 1666, ex. Green, Edw. July zb, ex. Filmer, Robert Deadlier Grelham, Marmaduke July 23 Gifford, Henry New. 21, ex. * Gardner, Will. Dectmber 30 Gifford, - Thomas March 4, ex. Gawdy, Char. Apr. , 1674 Fitch, Tho. Sept. 7, 1688. ex. Farrington, Richard Dec. 17, [ 1697, ex. : Firebrace, Bafil July 28, 169S. Godolphin, Will. Apr. 29, Fowler, William November 1, Glinne, Will. May 20 1704 Guife, Chrif. July 10 Fleming, William OSober 4, Gage, Edw. July 15,1662 Garrard; Jacob Augujl 16; ex. Furnefe, Henry June 27,1707, Freke, Ralph May 25, 1713 Fryer, John Decern. 1713 Fellow'es, John ex. Frederick, John June 3, 1723 Fermor, Henry May 4, 1723, Gans, Corn, June 29, 1612,.... :ith Remainder to Charles Guldeford, Robert February 4, Graham, Richard Nov. Gawdy, Will, July 13,1663; ex Green, Will. Nov. 2, 1664, ex Glean, Peter Mar. 6, f 665, ex. Gerrard, Gilbert November 17 .666, e; Eversfield, jun. Efq, Farnaby, Ch, July 21, 1726 1685 Germainfc, John March 2;, 1698, ex. Goodere, Edw. Dec .;, 1707, ex, Gough, Henry April 6, 172S H Oughton, Richard i6it Hobart, Henry E. £.■ Harrington, James ex, Huffey, Edward ex. I f'* Erard, Thomas r 6u VJ Grefely, George Goilwick, William Gorges, Edward, I. B. Grimllon, Harbottle, ex. Grey, William E. E. and B. 1 June 13.1619 Gerard,Gilbert 13,1620, Hales, Edward ex. Holt, Thomas Gower, Thomas June 2, E. B. Harvey; William, E. and /. B. Gerrard, John February 16, May 31, 1619, ex. 1621 Hicks, William July 2i Grofvenor, Richard Febr. 25 Hartop, Edward December 3 Gage, John March 26, 1622, Hicks,Baptift E.KJuly 1,162a l V. Hanmer, John July 8, ex. Goring, William May 14, ex. Hewet, John Oticher 11, 1621 Griffith, Hen. June 1,1627 . Hide, Nicholas Nov. 8, ex. Graham, Richard S. V. March Hotham, John January y 29, 1629 Hajelrig, Tho. July ai, 1622 Grenvile, Richard/fyr;79,1630, Herbert, Piercy E. M. Nov. 16 ex. Harris, Thomas Dec. 22, ex. Goodrick, John Aug. 14,1641 Harris, Tho. Apr. 12,1623, ex. Gurney, Richard Dec. 14, ex. Harpur, Henry Sept. 8, 1626 C 3 Heale, 38 €U patient @tate ' Part & Heale, Thomas May 28, 1627, ex. Holland, John June 1162$, g atton, Thomas July 3,1641 are, Ralph Ja/y 23. Heyman, Henry Auguji 12 Holford Richard December 15 Hamilton, John May n, 1642, Harris, Arthur Dec. 1,1673 Head, Richard Aug. 19, 1676 Holkins, Bennet Dec. ig Hawkefworth, Walter Dec. 6, Humble, William March 17 1686, ex. Hodges, William March 31, 1697, ex. Halford, William 1706, cx. Humphreys, William AW. 30, Hampfon, Thomas June 3 Hardres, Richard ibid. Hungate, Philip Aug. 13 Halton, William Sept. 10 Hene, Henry OBober 1, ex. Hunloke, Henry Feb. 28 Haggerllon, Thomas Auguji 1643 Hickman, Willoughby, Nov. Hulfe, Edward Feb. 16 Hawley, Fran. / B. March 14 How, George-Grubham June 20, 1660, ex. Humble, William Jme 21, ex. Hildyard, Robert June 25 Holies, Francis E. B .—27 Henley, Andrew-30, ex. Hudfon, Henry July 3, ex. Herbert, Thomas ibid. ex. Hales, Robert-12 Harby, Job-—>17. ex. Hewet, Thomas I. V .—19 Honywood, Edward ibid. Hales, John Aug. 28. How, John Sept. 2Z, ex. Herbert, Matth. Dec. 18, ex. Huband, John Feb. 2, 1660, Hill, Rowland January 20, 1.724 Heathcote, GilbertJtfKMjy 17, 1732 Heathcote, William Aug. 16, 1733 173* J Ernegan, Henry OBober 16, 1621 Ilham, John May 30,1624 Jenoure, Kenelm July 30,16B Jacques, John Sept. 2, ex. Ingleby, Will. May 17, 1642 Jones, Henry July 15, 1643, Juxon, William Dec. 28, ey. Jackfon, John January 7, ex. Jenkinfon, Robert May 18, 1661 Ingoldlby, Henry Aug. 30, tx. Jaion, Robert Sept. 3, ex. Jacob, John Jan. n. 1664 Jocelyn, Robert Jaw 8, 1663 . Hendley, Walter Apr. 8,1661, Jefferies, George, E. B. Nov. 7, Hoffey, Charles July zi, ex. James, Cane June2%, 1682,07 Hooke,Thomas July 22, 1662, Jenkinfon, Paul December i]i ex. 1685, ear. Heron, Cuthbert Ntvtmber 30 Irby, Edward April 13,1704 Holman, John June 4, 1663, janffen, Sir Theodore Haft* Hoby, Edw.July it, 1666 75 K. Ballings, Richard May 7,1667, 17"Nevet, Ph. 16 u, ex. ex. Kniveton, William, ex- Henham, Will. May 20, ibid. Kemp, Geo. Feb. 5,1636, ex. ' r " Kirle, Book III. of Great-Britain. 39 Erie, John May 17, 1627, ex. Leonard, Stephen Aug. 1 5, ex. Knatchbull, Norton Augufi 4, Littleton, Adam Off. 14, ex. 164.1 Liddel; Thomas Nav. 2, E. B. Kay, John Feb. 4 , Lowday; Richard — 26, ex. Kcrap, Robert March 13 Lucas, Jervafe May 20, 1644,. Knoueys, Henry may u, 1 042 Kemys, Nicholas May 13, ex. Keate, Jonathan June 12, 1660 Kriightley, John. Aug. 30, ex. Keyt, John Dec. 22 Killegretv, William ibid. ex. Kenrick, William March 29, Eneller, Sir Godfrey; ex. \ T Eake; Francis £. E,. 16 it j \_j Leigh, Thomas, E. B. • Lee, Henry E. E. Lucy, Richard March li, , 1617 Lyttelton; Thomas July 15, 1 1618 Leigh, Francis E. E. Decem- Lee, Humphrey May 3,' 1620, Leventhorpe, John May 30, Littleton, Edward June 2ij 1627 Livefay, Michael July 11, cx. Lewes, William September 14, 1628 Lawrence, John OB. 9, ex. Luchin, William March 2, 1628, I. V. L’Eftrange, Nicholas June 1, 1629 Lumlcy, Martin January 8, 1640 Langley, William May 29, 1641 Lawiey, Thomas Aug. i 4 Lowther, Cbriftopher June i i, ‘ 6 t* Langham; John June 7,166# - Lear, Peter July 2 Leiccller, Peter Aug. to Lee, Thomas — 16, cx: Lewis, John Off. 13, ex. Legard, John Dec. 29 Lane, Richard I: E. Feb. 9 Long, Walter March z6, i66t Lloyd, Charles May 10 Luckin, William Nov. 15, ex. Lloyd, John Feb. 28, ex. Lort, Roger July 1;, 1662, ex: Long, Robert Sept. 1 Leeke, Francis Decmbcr 154 1663, ex. Lorrayne, Thomas Sepi. 27. 1664 Lefnan,- William March 3, ex. '■ Lawfon, John July 6, 1663 Langhorn, William Au?. 28, 1668, cx. Lear, Thomas Aug. 2,1683, ex: 'Lawfon, Wilfred March 31, 1688, cx. Leighton, Edward March 2, 1692 Lowther, William June 13, 1697 Lloyd, Charles Apr. t, 1699 Lambert, John ftir. 16, 1709 Lake, Bibey Aug. 17, 1711 Lowther, William Dec. 1714 Lade, John March 11,173? Remainder to John-Whit- horne Lade, M. JYJOlineux, Richard, I. Y. Maniel, Thomas E. B. Mufgrave, Richard Monfon, Thomas E. B. Molineux, John C + Mordaant 4 ° Mordaunt, L’Eftrange Morrifon, Charles, etc. Monins, William, ex. Mifdmay, Thomas, ex ..' Maynard, William, E. E Morton, George -March )6i8, ex. Mackworth, €5 e ipjefcttt State Part ri, Muddiford, Thomas March i, Moor, George July 26, i66j, Martin, , Roger March 2?, ’ 166.7 ’ ■ Moyllon, Edw. April 28, ihii Thomas June Martin, Cornelius March 2 j, 619 , . 1674, ex. Mill, John Dec. 31, 1610 More, Edward Nov. 22,1675 Malham, William Decemb. 20, . Maddox, Benj. March 11, ex. 1621, E.B* Marrow, .Samuel July 16, Manfel, Francis, Jan. 4, ex. 1679, ex. Moody, Henry March xt, ex. Middlyton, Hugh December 6, Meredith, William Auguji 13, 1622 Middleton, Hugh OSober 1622, ex. Moor, Henry May it, 1627 Maples, Thomas~30, ex. Mannock, Francis June 1 Mofely, Edward July 20,1640. Manoy, John7«nf 29,1641, ex. Maulever, Thomas Jug. 2, ex. Meiix, John Dec. 11, ex. . Morgan, Ed. May 12,1642, ex. Moor, Foynings—18, ex. Middleton, Geo.. June 24, ex. Markham, Robert Aug. 15 de Merces, Anthony 1660, ex. Middleton, Tho. July 4, ex. Morland, Samuel—18, ex. Maffingberd, Henry Auguji 22, Maynard, William Felruar} 1 Morden, John September 20, 1688, ex. V Molefworth, Henry July 10, .1686, ex. Maunfel, Edward February 22, . 1696 Moyer, Samuel March 2;, 1701, ex. c Miller, Tho. 03 . 20,170;, ex. Milner, William Febr. 1706 r Mofely, Ofwald 18 June, 6 Georgii Mitchell, John June 14, 1724 N. N Oel Edward E. E. 161 r Napier,. alias, Naper, alias Sandy, R-obt. Sept. 24, Mottet, Giles AW. 16, ex. Newton, Adain^r 2,1620, ex. Manwaring, Thomas—22 Norton,. Richard May 2$, Monoux, Humphrey ^. 4 1722, ex. Marwopd, George—31, ex. Nightingale, Thomas Sept. 1, Morgan, Thomas Feb. 7. . 1628, ex- [ Modyford, James-18, ex. Napper,Gerard June 15,1641, Morrice, William, April to, ex. 1 -1661 Northcote, John July 16, ex. Milbahkj Mark Auguji 7' , Norwich, John —- 24 Matthews, Philip June 1;, Nichols, Francis-28, ex- 1662,' ex. .. North, Henry June 14,1660, Middleton, William OSnler 24, ex. , ■ ; . Maiiham, John Auguji.- 11, Noel, Verney July 6, E.B. :i66pi .ex: Newton, John Auguji 1 6 , ex. , Newton, Book III. of Great-Bbitain. ‘4* Newton, Robert "January 25, Portman, John November 25, ex. . 1612, ex. Napier, alias Sandy, John Puckering, Thomas . Perlhal, John, e.. Philips, Thomas February 6, 1619, '«• ■ Packington, John June 22, Marri 4, 1. Nevil, Thomas May zj, 1661, Norton, Thomas July 23, ear. Nelthorpe, John May 10, 1666 Nevil, Edward February 24, 1674, ear. _ .. . Newdigate, Richard July 24, Philips, John November . 9. 1677 fowel, ■ Edward .January to, Napier, Robert February 25, ex. . Pride'aux, Edmund 17^ .1622 Playters, Tho.13,1623 Pollard, Lewis .May 31, 1727, Pennyman,. William May. 6, 1628, « ' 1681 Narborough, John Nov. 15, 1688, ex. Norris, Williarq December 3, 1698, ex. Newman, Richard December 19, 1699, ex • • _ , de Neufville, Robert March Price, John Augujl ig 18, 1709 . Pile, Francis September 12, Pole, John ibid. O. Powel, Thomas January 31, , 1628, ear. O Sbome, Edward E. D. Pye, Edm. Apr. 27,1641, ex. : July 12,1630 Pailon, Will. £. E. Jase 8 Owen, Hugh Augufi 11, 1641 Palgrave, John—24,' ear. O-Neal, Brian November 13, Prat, Henry July 28, ex. i '643 Prioe, Richard Augufi to, ear. Orby, Thomas 1658, ear. Potts, John'— 14, ex. Oldfield, Anthony Augufi 6, Pettus, Thomas September 22. 1660, ear, Pl&yter, Edw. Jane 28,1942, ear. Olborn, John February u Pate, John 03 . 28,164.3, ex. Olbaldellon, LittletOn July 25, Prefton, John April 1,1644, ear. 1 664 Preftwich, Thomas — 2c, ex. \ Oglander, William December Palmer, Geof. June. 7, «66o ■ a, r66? Oxenden Henry May 8, 1678 Oughton, .Adolphus Aug. 27, >7>8, ear. Peyton, John Dec: 1 Pickering, Henry Jan. 2, ear. > Plumer, Walter January 4, 1660, ear." . . Powel, William—. 23, ex. . Parfons, ■ William April 9, i66t P Elham,Thomas t6n, E.D. Powel, Nathan May to, ibid. Peyton, John Parker, Philip, July 16 rope, William 1 . E. ear, Proby, Thomas March 7, ese. feytpn, Samuel, Jtyniiton, Thomas Wtftt State Pmjj, Rufhwel, Rich. Auer, - , 2 . Rufhwel, Rich, jbf, X2 / Tyc, John 3 *,. , 3, 16 6 4 , 7amar J Put, i ho. July 20, i66l, ex. " Peyton, Algemoon March 21 Parker, Robert May 22, 1674 Pennington, William June 21 167' May to. ,g; ueo. may to. 1 Robettfon, Alexander Feb 1676, ex, Roberts, John Feb. a ,: j6Se>K ’ i\ooerts, John Feb. 2,-1680 /,■ Poole, James IV^. 8, ,677 . R °^ 8l ™ omas ^ Park ns. Thomas mZ iL. n.,’ , l 1 ' **' L • 8£”' gysjf* jv.% Pinfent, William ^.13,1687; ?£ ’ J ° hn Nowmhlr Powel, Thomas 7 ^ 19, ,698, Robinfon, William Feb. *s> *732 Peachy, Henty Mar. 21,173® Plyne, Charles 6 a. 31, ,737 , John Pel. 21, 1698 any Thomas March ty ^Hirely.Ceo. p. p. i6„ Stradling John « St. John, John E. V. Idgeway, Thomas LE. Shelley” jJhn ' m, Francis £. £. Jan S ™Tl J ° hn * * 7 * «S Rohertt TiTo r ,• Seymour, Edward i. h °- 7 "§2,1620,•«. Savile, Georefc Robarts, Richard P.p.74 , 3j Savj]e) H g ^ _. z, r , ' St. Pan] n.l E» y ers, John July io , Ruffel, Will. March 1626 Rud, Rice Dee. 8, ,628, ex Ruffe), William J* B . ,q, ** Rous, Tho. 74 23, ,641, ex Rhodes, Francis Augujf 14 ex Raney, John December 22, ,* St. Paul, George ex. Spencer Thomas Sidley, William ex. Saunderfon, Nicholas 1 . V. Sandys, Miles ex. Salisbury, Henry Nwem. 16/ :' Scudamore, John 1 . V. June JUIUI uecember Read, John March ,6, to ' " S£: as; 6 ',,"? IS ;"?!\ s t "•?« tainfe., J«h, 7™.=, ,6fo *tP “” ri "• Spencer, John Merck 14, ,6.6. Rous, John Augufi 37 Rokebv W W- a i m \ S< '*• Sti £ T,10mas 4 ^ 2 '. 16*7 Kokeby Wul.am J^.j^^ Skeffin— vrlev’uJt ‘ **mia to. jan. Read, Compton March Richard. Thomas— 20, ex ----- -ngton, Will .l.V.myt Stiles, Humphrey-20, Stewkley, Hugh June 9, ex. rXT % fi°mas- 20, Stewklev, Hugh June t Raftout, James jttfr'ry, i 66 i Stanley, Edward 4 . E. - Stonehonfe, Book III. Of GR£4 .t-Sri x.^lg, 0 Stonehoufe, William May 7, Stapleton-, Miles March 26, ex. 1628 Savile, John July 24. i66'6, it. Slinglby, Anthony OB. 23 Slayning, Nicholas January Stonehoufe, James June 1 1, ex. 164b «• St.Barbe, John December 30, Sydenham, John July 28, ex. 1663, ex - Strickland, William-30 Selby, George March 3, ex. Spring, William Augujl 11 Smith, Robert March 30,1666, Stanford, Thomas — 1 %. ex. ex. Springnel, Richard—14, ex. Shaw, John April Stmt, Denner March 5, ex. Swan, William March 1, ex, St. Quintin, William — 8 -Shirley, Anthony—6, ex. Spencer, Brocket September 26, Scroop, Carr Jamean 1?, 1642, ex. . • 1666, m;. : ' Smith, William—27, ex. Stonhoufe, George May Scudamore, John July 23,1644, 1670, With a Clauje of Free- ex. ceiency frpm 1628 SlinglBy, Arthur OSober 9, Skipwith, Full'war Jan. 25 1657, ex. Sabin, John March 22, ex. Speke, Hugh June 12,1660, ex. St. Awbin, John- December if* Swale, Solomon—— zt 1671 , Stapleton, Henry-22 Sherard, Jolm May 25,1674. Stanley, Thomas-25 Samwell, Thomas December . 1 Shuckburgh, John—26 22, 167; Steward, Nicholas—27 Standilh, Richard February Sclater, Thomas July 2;, ex. 1676 Stapely, John-28,**. Simeon, James OSober 18, Smithfon, Hugh Augufi 2 .' 1677 Smith, Thomas — 16 Skipwith, Thomas- July'zjp St. George, Oliver Sept. V. 1678 Swinburn, John September 27, Snowe, Jeremiah January 25, 1660 ex. Stiddolph, Richard December Stapleton, William- December 24, ex. zo, 1679 Springe, Herbert January 8, Sas Van Bofdb, Gellebrand Staughton, Nicholas—29, ex. Seymour, Henry July 4,1681. Smith, Edward February 28 Slinglby, Robt. March 16, ex. Smith, Edward March 20 Smith, William May 10,. 1661, Stanley, William jape ., Silyard, John-18 , ex.' Smith, Thomas, Nov, 28 Sadlier, Edwin Dec. 3, ex. Southcote, George January 24,. Sheers, George OSober 16, 1684, ex. Sandys, Richard Dec. 13, eft. Soame, William February 3, i68f, Sudbary, John June 23, 16S5, ex. Sherburp, Nicholas February 4, Speelman, Corn. September 9, 44 Wwttto’-Btfat! Part It Stych, William OSobtr 8, 1687, ex. Smith, John April 20, 1694 Stanley, John April 18, 1699, ex. Sidney, Charles July 10, 1702 Smith, James December 1,1714 St. John, Francis September 10, 1715 Sloane, Ham April 3, 171^ Saunderfon, William June 19 T. Thomas, William July 2 ,; 1660, ex. 1 ' Trott, John 0 abler u, ts , Trevfllian, George Janum 24, 1661 Tankard, Thomas Nov. 16; 1662 Tuke, Samuel March «> 1664, ex. ' 31 Temped, John May 2 ; 1 Tucker, Giles July 1, ex. Taylor, Thomas January iJ, T Almaih, Lionel S. E. .6.1 Tracy, Paul ex. Trelham, Lewis ex. Tirwhit, Philip Throckmorton, William ex. Tufton, John E. E. Twifden, William Temple, Thomas E. V. Townihend, Roger E. V. April 16, 1617 Tryon, Samuel March 28, 1620, ex. Titchboume, Benjamin March 14 Thonrhurd, Gifford November 12, 1622, ex. Temped, Nicholas Dec. 23, Tirrel, Edward Odder 3, 1627 , Trelawny, John July 1, 1628 Twefleton, George April 2, 1629, Thynne, Henry-Freder. E. V. July .5 ,64. Trevor, Tho. Auguji 11, ex. 'ftfton, Humphrey December Tyrrell, Philip July 20, i66j, Temple, William Jan. 31,^. Twifden, Thomas June n. 1666 . Tyrrel, John OSloler 22 Top, Francis July. 25,1668,(2 Thompfon, John Decerning 1673, ex. Tynte, Halfwell January 26 Tulpe, Richard April 23,167;, Thornhill, Timothy Dectdil 24, 1682, ex. Thomas, John December 24 1694 Tichburne, Henry July 12, 1697, 7 . V. Tipping, Thomas March 24 Thornycroft, Jolm Aitgujl 11, 1701, ex. Thorold, Geo. Sept. 9, 1709, Tench, Filher Aug.-Z, 1715,«• Turner, Charles April 27,1727 Turner, Edward Auguji 24 >733 24, ex. Trollop, Thomas Febr. Thomas, Edw. March 3, ex. Thorold, William Auguji 25, 1642 Throckmorton, Robert Septem¬ ber 1 Thorold, Robert June 14, 1644, ex. 1 X T Avafor, Charles 1611, «• Y Villars, William Julp% 1619, ex. Vincent, Francis July 1620 iBook 111. OfjGjiEAT-B^iTAiN. 45 Van Loor, Peter 0 October 3, Waftneys, Hardolph Defent- 1628, ex. hr, |8, ex. Vavafor, Thomas OSoler 24, Wingfield, Anthony May 27, 1628 ‘627, ex. ' : Vavafor, Charles, Jaw 22, Wrey, Will. June 30, (628 ! 631, eat. Wifeman, Will. Aug. 25, Valkenburg, Matthew July 20, Wolfey, Robert Nov. 24 ' 1642, ex. Wifeman, Richard December. Vavafor, William July 17, 18, ex'. ' 1643, «. ' Whitmpre, Thomas June 28, Vivian, Richard February iz, M641, ex. 1644 Wolrich, Thomas Aug. 2, e X . Von-Colfter, Will. — 28, ex. Windham, Hugh Aug. 4, ex. Pe Vic, Henry September 3, Walter, William-—16, ix.‘' 1640, ex. Willis, Thomas />EfE«ifr 15, De la Val, Ralph June 29, ex. 1660, ex. Williams, Edmund April 19, Vernon, Henry July 23, ex. r642, ex. Verney, Ralph I. V. Marchi6, Williams, John—22, ex. Viner, Thomas June 11,1666, Wimour, George—2.9, ix, ex. Williams, Trevor May 14 Viner, Robt. May 10,1666, ex. Willamfon, Thomas June 3 ■ Virus, alias White, Ignatius Widrington, William -E. JB. June 29, 1677, ex. •' . • July, 9 Vandarbrand, Peter June 9, Widrington, Edvyard Augufi 8, 1699, ex.ex. Van Acker, Nicholas Jur.u- Wroteily, Walter— 30 ary 31, 1700, 703 . ’ ’ Williams, Nicholas July 29, . * 7°7 Warrender, George June z, 1715 Wyche, Cyril .December 20, 1729 Wynne, George Aug. 9, 1731 , lb Y Elverton, Wilh’am May 31, 1620, ex. . - -. . Young, Richard March 26, Windham, Francis November 162 7, ex. Yelverton, Chriflopher E.E. June 10, 164, Young, John Sept. 26, 1664 Yeomans, John January 12, 1664 Yeomans, Robert December 31, r66> Williams, Thomas November *, 1674, Willoughby, Francis April 7, .1677, ex. Whartpn, George Dec. 19,«. Walker, George January 18, i6 7 g, -• NUM- ^ook III. GREA’r-BliTAis. 47 NUMBER IX. JSC HEME of the Stalls 0/Windfor of the Knights Companions of the Mofi Noble Order of the Garter , as they now Jlanif. ■ Prince of j Prince of Wales. J Orange. Duke of Somerfet. j Void. Void. ; Void. y Duke of Dorfet. Duke of Montagu. Duke of Newcaffle. Duke of Grafton. Duke of Bolton. Duke ^ Rutland. Duke of Richmond. . Void. Earl of Chefterfield. Earl of Burlington. Duke of Devonfhire. j Void. Foid. \ Void. Duke of St. Albans, Duke o/'Marlborough. Duke of Kingdom Duke of Portland. Officers belonging 1 r to the fqid OxAtt. The Right Reverend Father in God Dr. Benjamin Boadly, Lor# ' Bifhop of Wincbrfter, Prelate. The Right Reverend Father in God Dr. Thomas Sherlock, Bifhop of Salijbury, Chancellor. The Reverend Dr. Penifton Booth, Dean of Windfor, Regifter. J john Anjlis, Efq; Garter Principal King of Arms. Bon. Henry BalUndine, Efq; Ufher of the Black-Rod. Sir William Saunderfon, Bart, his Deputy. N O M* 4* ;$fce jftetfent State Partii, N U MB E R X. A L IS f of the Knights Companions of the Mtj! ' Honour able Order Of the Bath, as feated in this Stalls, as they now ft and. __._—___L__ On tbt Kigbt Hand. On the. Left Hand. i Tk ftoherefgn. I. Tbt Duke. Grand Majler. . Earl of Albemarle.. . Earl of Pomfret. Earl of Cholmondeley. Lord Delawar. Lord Clinton... Earl of Orford. ' > Sir William: Stanhope. , Sir Conyers Darcy! Earl of Scarborough. Sir Paul Methnen. Void. Earl of Buckinghaniihire. Sir Robert Clifton. Sir William Yonge. Lord Monfon. . Marquis of Rockingham. Earl of Leicefter. Earl'of Inchequin. Vifiount Tyrconnell.. ' Duke.of Chandos. Void. Sir George Downing. , Sir Thomas Robirifbh. Sir Philip Honeywood. I.-/ . ' Void* ■ Sir John Cope. < Sir John Ligonier. Vifcount Fitzwilliams. Sir, Thomas Whitmore. Sir Henry Calthorpe. Sir William Morden Harbord. Sir Charles-Hanbury Williams. Void. Void. Book iil. Of Great-Britain* Principal OFFICERS:. Bilhop of Rochejler, Dean of this Order. .-— Woodley, Efq; Bath King of Arms. John Anjlis, Efq; Gehealogift. Charles Friwin, Gentleman-Ulher. ..-- Cokaine, Secretary. -:— Newton, Regifter. Henry Foulks, Meffenger; NUMBER XI. fbe Earl-Marflial and Hereditary Earl-Marflial pf England, with the Deputy-Marlkal (appointed by the King) and the Officers under Ms Jmfdittibn. H IS Grace Edward Duke of Norfolk, EarUMarflial and Hereditary Earl-Marihal of England. The Right^Honourable ‘Thomas, Earl of Effingham, His Deputy. KIN G S of A R M S. , John Anjlis, Efq; Garter Principal King df Arm's. Stephen-Martin Leake, Efq; Clarencieux King of Arms; John Cheale, Efq; Norroy King of Arms. HERALDS. John Warlurton, Efq; Somerfet. fames Lane', Efq; Richmonds Charles Townley, Efq; York. Francis Hucbenfn, Efq; Chefter. Thomas Thornbt ny, Efq; Windfor. Thomas Browne, Efq; Lancafter, HERALD Extraordinary. John Dttgdale, Efq; Mowbray. PURSUIVANTS; Peter Toms, GeUt. Portcullis. John Pomfret, Gent. Rouge- Arthur Shepherd, Gent. Rouge- '•' Ctoix. Dragon. John Piste, Gent. Bluemantle/ N U M- D jo €&e p?efeitt State : Part 11, : N U MBER XII. Ah I S T of all the. Lords and others , of his " Mdjefty’s tnoft' Honotirable Privy-Council. T T 1 6 Royal Highnefs Fre- X \derick Prince of Wales. His Royal Highnefs the Duke of Cumberland. nomas. Lord Archbilhop of Canterbury. Philip, Lord Hardwick Lord High Chancellor of Great- Britain. Matthew, Lord Archbifnop of ' York. Lionel Cranjield, Duke aiDor- Jet, Lord Prefident. John Earl Gower, Lord Keep¬ er of the Privy Seal. William, • Duke of Devonfhire, Lord-Steward of his Maje- fty’s Houlhold. C/w/fJ,Duke of Grafton, Lord- Chamberlain. Charles, Duke of Somerfet. Charles, Duke of Richmond, Mailer of the Horfe. Charles, Duke of Bolton. John, Duke of Bedford, One of his Majelly’s Principal Se¬ cretaries of State. John, Duke of Rutland.'' Charles K Duke of Fhtcenjiury r and Dealer. Archibald, _Duke of Argyl. James, Duke of A/hell. John, Duke of Montagu, Ma¬ iler-General of the Ordnance. Peregrine, Duke olAncaJler and Zi/ftiai/jLord-Great-Cham- berlain. nomas, Duke of Ncwcaftle, one of his MajellyY Prin¬ cipal Secretaries of State. -John, Marquis of Tnveeddale. Henry, Earl of Pembroke and Montgomery, Groom of the Stole. Philip, Earl of Cbcfterfleld. Daniel, Earl of Winchelfea and Nottingham. Richard, Earl of Burlington. William, Earl of Coventry. Henry, Earl of Grantham. William, Earl of Jerfey. Francis, Earl Godolphin. George, Earl Chohnondeley. John, Earl Granville. Benjamin, Earl Fitzwaltsr, Treafurer of his Majelly’s Houlhold. William, Earl of Harrington, ' I.ord Lieutenant of Ireland. William, Earl of Bath. John, Earl of Buckinghasnjhirt. Henry, Vifcount Lonfdale. Richard, Vifcount Gobbam. Edmund, Lord Bilhopof London. John, Lord Delaviar. Charles, Lord Cornwallis, Con- llable of the Tower of London. Allen, Lord Batkurjl. John, Lord Monfon. ■ Richard, Lord Edgcumbe, Chan¬ cellor of the Dutchy of Lan- . Samuel, Lord Sartdys. Arthur Onflow, Efq; Speaker of the Houfe of Commons. Sir Conyers D'arcy, Comptroller ofhis Majelly’s Houlhold, William Finch, Efq; Vice- Chamberlain of his Majelly’s Houlhold. Hint Bookili. OfGREAT-BRITAIN. 51 Henry Pelbam, Efq: Chancellor Horatio Walpole, Efq; ana Under-Treafurer of the Stephen P&yntz, Efq; Exchequer, anil Firft Com- Sir William Tonge, Bart, miffioner of the Treafury. Sir John North. Sir William tee, Knt. LoM George #Wf, Efq; Lieutendnt- Chief-Juftice of the Court of General of the Ordnance. King’s-Bench. Sir John Rujhout; Bart. William Fortefciie, Efq; Mailer George Dodington, Efq; of the Rolls. W’ilUain pin, Efq; Haymaker Sir John Wille's, Knt: Lord General of the Forces. Chief-Juftice of the Court of Henry Fox', Efqj Secretary at Common-Pleas., War. Sir Paul Methuen; Knight of the Bath. Clerks of the Council In Ordinary; James Vernon ; F/tuple Statty an, Walter Cary, William Sharpe', . Clerks of tli'e Council iii Extraordinary. Gilbert Weft, Henry Fane, William Blair, Francis Vernon ; Philip Sharped Philip Sharpe, Efq; Keeper of the Council-Records. Keepers of the Council-Chamber. Mr. John Spencer. Mr. John Scott. Charles Dickenfon, Office-keeper. NUMBER till. Secretaries of State; and their Officers. T HE moil Noble Thomas Holies; Duke, of Ncwcajile, Secretary of State for the Northern Province. MfPw Stone lEfqfs. Under-Secretaries.' Hornets Ramldcn. \ ? D 2 John ZH P^eteot; $tatt Part II, John Layrent, Efq; Firft Clerk, Mr. Jofeph Stepney, 1 Mr. Fran. Howard Hutchenfin, j Mr. Hugh-Valence Jones,' . I Mr. Michael-Peter Morin, VClerks Mr. James Rimers, f Mr. Richard Shudwell, I Mr. Philip Palfe, I Mr. James Wallace, Mr. Alexander Ward, Mr. Jofeph Nolle, 3 Mrs. Mary Graham, Office-Cleaner, J | Chamber-keepers. Clerks. ^ } E( ,„ Jofpk Richardfon, Efq; Firft Clerk. Mr. James Payxant, ** Mr. George Brown, Mr. William Harling, Mr. Francis Wace, Mr.- Henricks, Mr. William Duck', Law-Clerk, Lovell Stanhope, Efq; Mrs. Elizabeth Turfcry, Office-Cleaner. Clerks of the Signet. Charles JJelafaye, \ vr Edward Wefton, • 5 ^ ' Jofeph Moyle ,. Efq; William Blair, Efq; Mr. Hains, ) t- Mr. George Brown, ^Deputies. Mr. Thomas Richardfon, Office-Keeper. Andrew Stone, and Thomas Ramfden Efqrs, Keepers of the Papers and Records of State. Decipherers. The Reverend Dr. Edward M'illes, Bifliop of Bath and Wales. Sir Thomas Brand, Einbeliilher. Writer Book III. ' of Gre at-Brit ain. Writer of the Gazettee. EifojardWeJloti, Efq; 300 1 . per Annum. Minna Stone, lifq; Latin Secretary, zoo/, per Annum. NUMBER XIV. A LIST of ths Cuftodes Rotulorum in Eng¬ land and Wales. B Buck: Edford, _ Berks, jacks, . Cambridge, Chefter, Cornwall, Cumberland, Derby, Devon, \ Dorfet, ''Durham, Effex, Gloucefter, Hereford, Hertford, Huntingdon, Kent, Lancafter, Leiceller, Lincoln, Middlefex, Monmouth, Norfolk, Northampton, Northumberland, Nottingham, Oxford, - John, Duke of Bedford. . -— Giarles, Duke of St. Alban’sl ’ - C harles, Duke of Marlborough. —— Henry, Earl of Lincoln. — — George, Earl o/'Chohnondeley. — — Richard; ZW Edgcumbe, .. Henry, Vifcount Lonfdale. . -- William, Duke (j/Devonlhire, -- Robert, Earl of Otford. - Anthony, £ar/o/Shaftelbury. -f. . Bifbop of Durham. -- Benjamin, /ar/Fitzwalter. __ Augullus, Earl of Berkeley. _ Sir Charles-Hanbury Williams. _William, Earl Cowpef. _. Robert, Duke (jfManchefter. { Lionel Cranfield, Duke of t) or- . fet - -■- John, Duke of Rutland. 1 --- Peregrine, Duke of Ana Iter. -- Thomas, Duke of Newcaftle. -— Thomas Morgan, Efq-, -John, Earl of Buckinghamlh. ■ — John, Duke of Montagu. - Charles, Earl o/Tankerviile. ■ - Tholtias, Duke of Newcaftle. ■ Charles* Duke of Matlborough. D 3 Rutland, €&e pefent atate partii. Rutland, ■■ . Salop, »—. - . Somerfet, - . Southampton, Sfisilord;. . _____—, Suffolk, '' - — Surry, —-i- Suffex, — Warwick, ■-. 'Weftmoreland, - Wilt's, . ---- Worcellerfhire/ " — <5 ) Eaf-Riding, -- ; — %\WefRiding, — — tS j North-Riding, ^ —-- Henry-Arthur, lord Herbert,' John, Earl Poulet. Charles, Duke of Bolton. John, Earl Gower. Charles, Duke of Grafton. Richard, Lord Onflow. Algernoon, Earl of Hertford, John, Duke of Montagu. Henry; Vifcount Lonfdale. Algernoon, Earl of Hertford. William, Earl of Coventry. Henry, Vifcount Irwin. Tho. Marquis of Rockingham, Dittp. • < • • WALES . Anglefey,. Brecon, Cardigan, Caermarthen, Caernarvon,' Denbigh, Flint, Glamorgau, Merioneth, Montgomery, Pembroke, .' Radnor, . Hayerford-Wfft, —--- Owen Meyricke, Efq-, —Thomas Morgan, Efq; ——-Thomas Johns, Efq-, • - Sir William Yonge, Bart. { Si>'^ Robert-Saluftmry' Cotton, ————— Charles Duke ^Bolton. _C William Vaughan, of Corfe- " ~i gedol, Efq; ' .. --' Henry-Arthur, Lord Herbert, . ; Sir Arthur Owen, Bart. . .TT— William Perry, Efq j ——— Sir Arthur Owen, Bart , N U M- Book III. Of.GREAT-B RI TAIN. each iooo /. per Annum', 500/. per Annuls. 6o CN feefettt State Partii. lAr-lJraelBudfitt, Mr. Richard Roger},?}' ' 1 Mr.' William CterdpioV, , Mr. Gabriel Mathias, Mr. John Tutte, Mr. Edward Sedgwick, Mr. Silas Bradbury, Mr. Richard Willis, Chamber-keeper and Affiflant-MefTenger. Mr. John Wilfon, Mefienger aftd Affiftant Chamber-Keeper. Mr. Giles Grijjin, Porter. Mrs. Bridget Griffin, NeceiTary-Woman. NUMBER XXIII. Lord, Privy-Seai’j Office. "IOHN, Lord Gower, Lord Privy-Seal. Robert Tothill, Efq; ' 1 The Honourable John Caulfield, Efq; f r , , Uomas Ratcliff, Efq; f Uert “' Thomas Wilfon, Efq; J ‘Thomas Ricbardfon, Office-keeper. NUMBER XXIV. Gov mors and Officers in the Weft-Indies. T T Oratio Walpole, Efq; Auditor-General of the Plantations. JAM: A 1C A. Edward Trelawney, Efq; Governor. Andrew Stone, Efq; Regifler. John-Anthony Balaguier, Efq; Secretary. Peter Forbes, Efq; PrOvott-Marfhul. -Efq; Naval-Officer.,-;.. Nathaniel Cooper, the Younger, Efq; Vendue, Matter. , Robert Penny, Efq; Attorney-General. Book III. of Great-Britain. dj _ ( C ' er * c Crown and Peace, and Chief ' l Clerk of the Supreme Court. . Murray Crimblt, Receiver of all Duties and Impofitions, Anthony Wheelock, Efq; Clerk of the Markets. BARBADOES. Henry Grenville, Efq; Governor. Anthony Cracberode, FIq\ Regifter. Andrew Stone, Efq; Secretary. Alexander Burnet, Elq; Clerk of the Markets. Jonathan Blenman, Efq; Attorney-General. George Paxton, Efq; Treafurer. John Cornelius, Efq; Naval Officer. Thomas and Francis Reynolds, Provoft-Marlhal. Charles Huggins, Clerk and Remembrancer. William Rawlins, ■ Regifter of the Admiralty. LEEWARD-ISLANDS. Colonel William Matthew, Governor. Gilbert Fleming, Efq; Lieutenant-General of the faid Iflands. Lieutenant-Governor of St.ChiiJlopher's Lord Hawley, Lieutenant-Governor of Antegoa. Lieutenapt-Governor of Nevis. Lieut. Col. Robert Carpenter, Lieutenant-Governor of Montferrat. Wavel Smith, and Samite Cujl, Efqrs. Secretary and Clerk of the Crown. William Floyer, Efq; Clerk of the Naval Office in the Leeward- ljlands. William JanJfen, Efq; Provoft-Marlhal of the Leewards-IJlands. B AH AM A-1S L AN DS. John Tinker, Efq; Governor. . Thomas Granger, Efq; Chief Juflice. BERMUDA. William Popple, Efq; Governor. George Tucker, Efq; Secretary and Provoft-Marlhal. ' ' SOUTH-CAROLINA. James Oglethcrf, Efq; General and Commander in. Chief of the Forces there and in Georgia. James Glen, Efq; Governor. ', Colonel Bull, Lieutenant-Governor. v -— Abercromhy, Efq; Attorney-General. John Hanurton, Efq; Secretary and Treafurer. ’ George Morley, Efq; Provoft-Marflial. Mattric 6i Pat ft Maurice Lewis, Efq; Mailer in Chancery. William Mackay, Clerk of the Markets at Cbarles-Town. Benjamin Wbiidcre, Efq; Chief-Jliftice. Apjley Brett, Efq; Naval Officer, Childermer Croft, Clerk of the Affembly. Nathaniel Crottenion, Tendue-Mafter. James Wright, Remembrancer; Clfcrk of the Pleas and EilrearV of the Court Of Exchequer. NO RTH-CA RO LINA , Gabriel jobnfon, Efq; Governor; Enoch Hall, Efq; Chief-JuftiCe. Nathaniel Rice. Efq; Secretary. Jobe Montgomery, Efq; Attorney-General. VIRGIN U. Earl of Albemarle, Governor. Sir William Gooch, Lieutenant-GbVefnot. William Adair, Efq; Secretary. Peyton Randolph, Efq; Attorney-General. EihuardTrederuf, Efq; Naval-Officer of James River, JohnCouraud, Efq; Naval-Officer of York River. P E NSYLV AN 1 A, A Proprietary Government. MARYLAND. Lord Baltimore, Proprietor and Governor. Samuel Ogle, Efq; Deputy Governor. N E W-Y 0 R K. ! George Clinton, Efq; Governor. George Clark, Efq; Lieutenant-Governor. George Clark, Efq; Secretary. James Delaney, Efq; Chief-Juftice. Richard Bradley, Efq; Attorney-General. Philip LivingJ!on, Efq; Town-Clerk, Clerk of the Peach, sne • Clerk of the Common-Pleas, in the County and City, of Albany, and Secretary to the Commiliioners for Indian Affairs. N EW-J E R S E Y. Jonathan Belcher, Elq; Governor. Hon. John Hamilton, Efq; Prefideut. Robert lattice, Efq; Governor. Chrijlofher Coates, Gent. Secretary. .Jofph Warrel, Efq; Attorney-General. R HO Dfr Book III. Of G R R AvT-rB it I T A IN. gj rHOD E-TS L A N D and P R 0 VID E N C E- ' PLANTATION. Governor and'Company of the Tilhnd, and of Providence. The Governor is chofen annually by the People. Leonard Lockman, Efq; Naval-Officer. CONNECTICUT. Governor and Company, Ditto. MAS SAC HUS ETTs-BAY. William Shirley, Efq; Governor. Lieutenant-Governor. JoJiah Willard, Efq; Secretary. N E W-HA MP S H IR E. Penning Wentworth, Efq; Governor. N 0 V A-S C 0 T I A. Richard Philips, Efq; Governor. Lieutenant-Governor. NEWFOUNDLAND. Prefent Governor and Commander in Chief. . The Commander in Chief of his Majefty’s Ships of War for the Time being, which go annually to protect the Filhery, and hath a Commiffion to be Governor during his Stay. Otho Hamilton, Efq, Lieutenant Governor of Placentia. Ditto, Fort,Major. NUMBER XXV.' A LIS? of the Lords Commiffioners for executing the Office of Treafurer of the Exchequer; and other Offices. Commiffioners for executing the Office of Lord High-Treafurer. T il E Right Houourable Henry Pelham, Efq; The Honourable George Lyitkton, Efq; The Honourable Henry L.gge, Efq; The Honourab ; e John Cnmgbell, Efq; The Honourable George Grenville, Ef<|; J Chancellor $4 Clje patent State Part ii. Chancellor and Under-Treafurer of the Exchequer. The Right Honourable Henry Peibam, Efqj His Secretary ^as Chancellor, Jamei Weft, Efq'; Secretaries of the Treafury. John Scrope, Efq; James Weft, Efq;' Chief-Clerks. Hynry Kelfall, Efq; Thomas Bowen, Efq; William Lowndes, Efq; Henry Pane, Efq; Edward Welfter, Peter Lebeup, Cbriftopher Lowe, Charles Lowndes, John Beresford, Edward Burnaby, Other Clerks. ‘Thomas Pratl, William Davis, Thomas De Grey, Thomas Tomkins, Milward Rowe > John Mills. Keeper of the Treafury-Books and Papers. Henry Pane, Efq; ' Clerks who make up Accounts of the Publick Revenue f Clerks to the Secretary, jo Mr. Richard Robin/on, j 30 Mr. John lfinay, a Supernumeraiy, at 3 s- per Dim. Clerks of the Roads, £s*f. t «“■ {Esaftash . jast - S'S'! Book III. of Great-B RI TAIN. 69 Srijlol Road, /. Mr. John Sawtell, —• .— 60 _ Mr. William Boulton, his Affiftant, ~ «■ ,tn j f-Mr .John Stubbs, - : -- Yarmouth Road, | Mr Cotsfird} his Affi(lant> __ ;0 „ , ( Mr. Samuel Potts, ——— — - 60 Kent Road, | M r . David Brown, his Affiftant, 50 Clerk of the By-Nights, Mr. Robert Saxby, —— 60 Window-Man, Mr. John Green, —- ■—■ 60 To overlook the Franks? Mr. Robert Par fins, J , • and mif-fent Letters, ( Mr. John Barber, \ ’ Window-Man for the By-Days, Mr. Samil Leigh, -■ 50 Chamber-keeper to the Poft-Mafter General, Mr. Bartbo- \ ^ lomew Francis, • ■ ■ — ■ — « J Court-Poft, Henry Penton, Efq; at per Diem, —■ * Houfe-keeper, Mrs. Mary Braund, . — 40 .... . CMr .John Wakeling, ) _ Tr „ Mail-makers, | Matthew Brittingham. J 5 SORTERS. fer Ann. I. per Ann. 1 . Mr.Jamcs-Samutl Reimayne 50 Mr. John Sthejier - 50 Mr .Jacob Jackfon - 50 Mr. John Majkall — 50 Mr. James Pack - 50 Mr. John Flower — jo Mr . Charles Crefwell, — 50 Mr .John Gib/on - 50 Mr. Robert Bigg - 40 Mr. Jacob Shann - 40 Six Supernumerary Sorters, 11 ^ _____ 1 ° J eac ^- One Facer of Letters, at 25 1 . per Annum. Sixty-feven Inland Letter-Carriers, to diftribute the Letters, at 11 s. per Week; one of which takes Care of the Unknown and Uncertain Letters. Eight Foreign Letter-Carriers, one of which takes Care of the Unknown and Uncertain Letters, and has an Addition to his Salary. Infpeftor of the Letter-Carriers, Mr. J oft ah Mitchell — 60 Foreign Office. 41 Comptroller, John Daye, Efq; _ — —■ 1 JO Alphabet-keeper, Mr. Jof Bell, jun. — too Secretary, John It Febure, Efq; — —• 5 o CLERKS. Mr. John Calcott - 50 Mr. Anthony Todd - JO Mr. Charles Lee - 50 Mr. James Holcombe —, 50 Mr. George Kelfall — 50 Mr. Thomas Jackfon - 40 Manager of the Packet-Boats at the Brill, Mr. William Fan Almbnde — 1 E 3 120 Four S'S'! yo Cfic ®tatg fart If, Four Porters, at r z s. per Week. "John Wright , Henry Brown, Abraham Dangrel, john.Cfllinridge. Watchman, William Eeeutt, ... Two Supernumerary Porters at izj. per Week. NUMBER XXVR. the Officers of. the Penny-Pofh per Ann. /, R ichard. Frankland, Efq; Comptroller, — — 200 Edward Parfins, Efq; CoIIeiftor, — ~ 76 Kobirt Cruttendon, Efq; Accomptant, - ■■■ — - 70 Andrew Scott, Comptroller’s Clerk, ’ -- —■ 30; The Chief-Officein St. ChriRophcr's Alley.. per Week, ;, Mr. JoJhua Baler, Head-Sorter, —- -—— 1; Mr. 'John Scrogham, Mi. James Chandler, i Sub-Sorters . The Office at St. Pauls. Mr. Charles Holland, Head-Sorter, — Mr. Wiiliam Lane, Sub-Sorter, --— The Temple Office, Mr. John Noel, Sorter, -- ’Mr. Thomas Pandoll, Sub-Sorter, -—- The Wejlminjler Office. Mr. Nathaniel Sachemerel, Sorter, - Mi, WUliamCunde, " { Sub-Sorters, Mr. John Exon, i The Office in Southwark. Mr. Michael Wilde, Head-Sorter, • - Mr. William Jones, Sub-Sorter, The Office at the Hermitage. Mr. Ebenezer Sachem ere]. Sorter, ' —-— Mr. Peter Barling, Sub-Sorter, - Meffengers or Runners, 5^. 7i Book III. of Great-Britain. Jn Advertifement from the General Penny-Post- Office, Jhewing the Names and Places of the Six Offices , whence Country Letters and Parcels are daily convey’d. General Penny-Poft-Office is kept in St. Chritlopher’s Chttrcb- Yard in Threadneedle-ftreet, near Stocks-Market j which cal- leSs, delivers, and conveys Letters and Parcels to and from the Places following and adjacent. i A Lderfbrook i f \ Averyhatch 3 Bromley in Middlefex 1 Bulh-Hill 2 Cambridge-Heath i Chigwell and Row i Chingford i Crahbrook 2 Dallton l Edmonton i Green-man 1 Green-ftreet 2 Hackney 3 Hagerlton i Ham Eaft 3 Hoxton i Jenkins 1 Alford 2 Kingfland i Laytonilone i Loughton-Hall i Low-Layton 1 Loxford 2 Mile-End and Green 2 Newington Stoke and Green 3 Oldford 1 Palmers-Green 2 Plaiftow in Effex N° i Riple-Side i Ruckolds i Southgate 1 Stanford-Hiil 2 Stepney r Snareibreak 3 Stratford I Tottenham i Tottenham-High-Crofs l Valentines I Upton I Walthamltow t Wanlted 1 Winchmore-HiH i Woodford r Woodford-Row and Bridge. St. Paul’s Office is kept in Queen’s-Head-Alley, in Pa- ter-nofter-Row; which col¬ ic Bs and delivers Letters and Parcels to and from the Places following and adjacent. 3 Black-Mary’s Hole 3 Baarded-River 3 Canbury-Houfe 3 Cold-Bath ' 3 Copenhagen 3 .Frog-lane 3 Holloway Upper and Lower 3 Iflington 3 Mount-Mill E 4 3 Sk 72 N° 3 Sir John Oldcaftle’i 3 Torrington-Iane 3 Wood’s-Clofe P?efent state N° Part U, Bollow-lane Bolton-Houfe Brentford Old mi New Brentford-End Brent’s Cow-houfe Temple Office/j kept Chichefier-Rents, in chan- \ Brook Green cery-Lane; which colleBs z Broom-Houfes and defers Letters and Par- z Brompton-Park and from the Places z Blind-lane Houfe fillctmng and adj, 2 Battle-Bridge 1 Bone-Gate 2 Brill i Coleharbour I Coney-hatch ' j Ealt- Barnet i Finchley 1 Frog-lane 2 Hampllead 2 Highgate 1 Hornfey 2 Kentilh-Town 1 Muffel-Hill 2 Pancrafs 2 Pindar of Wakefield i South-Green l Totteridge l Whetllone i Wood-green i Burrows i Caltlebear 1 Child’s Hill 2 Corney-Houle 1 Cow-houfe Farm 2 Chelfea Great and Little 2 Chelfea College and Com. and Fields 2 Chifwick 2 Counters-Bridge 2 Crab-tree Houfe 1 Dowel-ltreet 2 Daw’s-lane I Dollars-Hill t Ealing Great and Little 1 Ealing-lane 2 Earl’s-Court 1 Ford-hook 2 Frog-lane 1 Fryers Place 2 Fulham 2 Fulham-Fields ; C£u * e P* 2 Gagglcgoofe-Green Charing-Lrofs wh,ch col- Houfe fell a ’ !d , C ° nvry3 2 Gibb’s-Green f mtbe a pf ft -° ° ni 2 Grove - H °»fe f fdfa ent eif ° l l '‘ £axd 1 The Green Man * Uxbridge 3 AberyFarm i Afion Ecft and Weft 1 Afton-Wells 2 Barry’s Walk 1 Bale-watering 2 Black-lands 2 Bloody-Bridge 2 Bluncot-lane I Gunnerlberiy i Gutters-Hedge ' 2 Hammerfmith i Hanger-Lane and HilJ i The Haven,. i Hendon 1 The Hide 2 Hog-lane J Hoildon-Green Book III. of Great-Britain. 1 neywuu- . 2 Hurhcon-ri 1 Kiibom 2 Kenfington 1 Kenfmgton-Gore I Kenfington Gravel-Pits Weltbum-green Weltfield Well-end Wilfdon-green Wind-mill-lane. 73 2 Knightfuridge , i Laurence-llreet 1 Leafing Green 2 Lime-Kilns 2 London-ftile , Lord-Mayor’s Banquetting- Houfe I Maddox-lane i Marybone and Park i Malha-Mapes and Madia- Brands i Kill-Hill 1 Neefdon 3 Neat-houfes 2 Norman’s Lands 2 North-end i North-highway l Notting-hills Southwark Office is kept in Green-Dragon-Court, near St. Mary Overy’s Churchy f which collects, delivers, and conveys Letters and Parcels to and from the Places fol¬ lowing and adjacent. 1 Balam 2 Barn-Elms 2 Barns Town 2 Batterfea, and 2 Batterfea-Ryes 2 Black-heath 2 Brillow-Caufeway i Brocldey Upper and Lower 1 Burnt-alh 2 Camberwell 1 Paddington and Green 2 Paddingwick-Greeh 3 Pimlico 2 Porfer’s-Crofs 1 Page’s-ftreet 2 Parfon’s-Green 2 Sandy-end l Shephard’s-bulh l Shercick-green 1 Shoot-up-hill 2 Sion-hill 2 Sion-houfe 2 Sion-lane 1 St. John’s Wood 2 Stamford-brook 2 Starch-green 2 Strand on the Green 2 Sutton - Court and Little- Sutton 1 Charlton 2 Clapham and Common 3 Cole-Harbour 2 Deptford Upper and Lower i Dulwich and Common i Eltham 1 Gammon-Mill 2 Garret’s-green 2 Greenwich 3 Grange 2 Grove-llreet 1 Ireland-green 2 Kennington 2 KewfflidGrcen i Knight’s-Hill 3 Lambeth 3 Lambeth-Marfii i Lee I Lewilham 1 Tatnam-Court 2 Turnham-Green t Tyburn Road and Houfe a Walham-green 2 Lime-Kilns 2 Long-barn 2 Long-hedge 2 Loughberry-Houfe - I Mar. 74 Cfie parent State Part n, N° N° 1 Martin-Abby and Mill 2 Stockwell 2 Marlh-Gate 2 Stretham 2 Mitcham 1 Tooting Upper and Lowsr 2 Mortlack 3 Vauxhall . 2 Moi 4 .cn 2 Wallworth 1 Motingham ' 2 Wandfworth Common 2 Newington-Butts 1 Wimbieton 2 New-Crofs 1 VVoolwich 2 Nine-Elms 1 Norwood Hermitage Office is kfi 2'PeckhamTown WRye in Queen’s-ftreet, oa Little- 2 Pigg’s Marlh ■. - Tower-Hill, ’which colltSt 1 Plomftead and delivers Letters,andPar- 2 Putney-Heath W Green cels to and from the Float 2 Red-Houfe following and adjacent. 1 Ricklemarfii 2 Roehampton 3 Blackwall 3 Rotherhith 3 Hie of Dogs 1 Roufa-Green 3 King David’s Fort 2 Sheen Eaft'- 3 Lime-houfe aWHoIe . 1 Sidnam 3 Poplar 2 South-Lambeth 3 Radcliff 2 Stangate 3 Stepney and Caufeway. . N. B Whereas this Office hath fuffered many Impofitions and Abufes by Money faid to be fent by this Conveyance: In order to prevent which, Notice is given in this Advertifement, That unlefs any Parcel or Parcels of Money be brought to one of die Six Offices above-mentioned, and there feen and entered by a proper Officer, the Office will in no wife make good any fuch Parcel of Money, if it Ihould happen to mifcarfy by any Accident whatfoever. As to other Parcels, It is defired that the real Value may be mentioned at the Bottom of the Direction. Note, To the Places mark’d N° 1, Letters and Parcels are con¬ vey’d once a Day j N° 2, twice a Day ,• N° 3, three times a Day. ' - And confidering fevernl of thefe Places are remote, it is defir’d, That you put in your Letters and Parcels before Six of the Clock over Night, at the Receiving-Houfes, from whence they will be collefted and brought into the proper Offices; otherwife divers of the Country-Meffengers going on their Walks by Six of the Clock next Morning, they may lofe a Day’s Time in the Deli¬ very : But for thofe Places that are nearer, Letters are collefled and delivered two or three times a Day, as above fpecified. ■ All General Poll-Letters, both Foreign and Domeltick, di- redled to the Places above-mentioned, not being Poll-Towns, are convey'd from the aforelaid Offices every Day at Twelve of the *5ook III. of Great-Britain. 75 Clock; and Anfwers being put into the Receiving-Houfes in the Country Towns, will next Night be fafely convey’d to the Gene, ,al Poll-Office, an Officer being appointed for thatPnrpofe. NUMBER XXVIII. 4 LI ST of the Commiffioners of bis Majefiy's " Revenue of Excise, &c. and other Officers em¬ ploy’d in the faid Revenues, with their refpellive Salaries.' ' Commiffioners of Exofe. John Towle, Efq; Jams Tenon, Efq; ■' hhrt Eyre, Efq; ’ r Hon. Horatio Townjhend, Efq; )-each I ooo /. per Annum. William Burton, Efq; ' ’ I Jth Orlehar, Efq; | tyujline Earle, Efq; • J. David Papillon, Efq; J Commiffioners of Appeals. Humphrey Towle, Efq; "J Sir Moore Molyneux, Hint. / John Paul Yvounett, Efq; ^each 200 /. per Annum. ■ Edwyn Coney, Efq; I Edward Montagu, Efq; Jj Etndal Martyn, Efq; Secretary to the Commiffioners of Excife, 540/ per'Annum. Wham Selnx : in, Efq; Sollicitor, for himfelf and Clerk, 610/. per Annum, ffitton Perkins, Efq; Regiller to the Commiffioners of Excife, 350 /. per Annum. . Robert Prichard, Clerk to ditto, 80/. per Annum, pumas Hawes, Efq; Regiller to the Commiffioners of Appeals, tool, per Annum,. Jofeph Winder, \ Meffenger,. and Door-keeper, 'Mn Aditrley, J each 40 /. per Annum. Wham Pinney, Efq; Correfpondent to the Comftnffidners of Excife, 220 /. per Annum. John W.urdour, Elq; Clerk to the Securities, 200 1 . per Annum'. • ' John 76 $ gitate Part Si Henry Mafterrstait, Clerk of the Diaries, 80 /. per Annum. Louis. Ratlane, Affiftant to ditto, $0 1 . per Annum. Grofvenor Bedford, Store-keeper, 120 /. per Annum. ■ }<**■»*»• , Packer in the Store-keeper’s Office, ;o/. p lf Annum. Bemy Needier, General Accomptant of Excife, 260 1 . per Ann. George Williams, Clerk for entering the Bills of Exchange, 100/. per Annum. Edward filer, Accomptant for the London Diftiliery, 150 l.perJit, Herbert Reader, Affiftant to ditto, 50/. per Annum. Francis Flight, Affiftant to ditto, 50 /. per Annum. Henry Forrejler, 120 /. per Ann .'} Accomptants for the Inks Francis Marjhall, Sol. per Ann. J Brewery, John Johnfon, 80 l. per Ann. 7 As Excife Accomptant, and for ‘ ' A J the Weekly Diftribution. 1 Accomptants for Excife, each / .to l. per Annum, and Mum V> Haldane, 20 /. per Ann. for I Civil-Lift Tax on Salaries, J at 6 d. per Pound. , 30 /. per Ann. MungoHaldane, fbomas Young, fhomas Stephenfon, Robert Simon, Homos Rumfey, Malt and Hops. Jbomas Smith, General-Accomptant for the faid Duties, 250 A per Annum. Stiilingfleet Dumford, Accomptant for Malt, 80/. per Annum. Robert Bonell, "J John Whaley, I Affiftant Accomptants for Malt, Jtfiah Shaw, f each 70 I. per Annum. Charles Miller, . J Nath. Simon, Accomptant for Hops and Coaches, go /. per Ann, Edward.Sandby, Affiftant to the Excife and Malt General-At comptant, 50 /. per Annum. New 'Duties. Daniel Sbepley, General-Aceomptant for the Duties on Candles, Soap, Paper, Callkoes, Gold and Silver Wire, and Starch, 200 /. per Annum. , 20 1 . per Ann. £ for Bank of charity. Henry Rolinfin, pliant-Accomptant for Candles in Town, 70/. . . . .mm Book III. of Great-Britain.' 77 filliM William, ditto, for Soap, Paper, Callicoev Wire and Starch in Town, 70 l. per Annum. Siljhne Bruere, ditto, for Country Callicoes, Wire and SttKh, pi. per Annum. Jwtban Green, ditto, for Country Soap, 70 A per Annum. SmuiI Marrioi, ditto, for Country Paper, jo l. per Annum. U’xard Read, Clerk of the Entries for the faid Duties, and fta Silver-Plate wrought, 65 A per Ann,. Hides, Plate, Coffee, Tea, and Chocolate. Uirt Matthews, General-Accomptant for the faid Duties, zoo/. fir Ann. ftrrii Williams, 80 A per Ann. ") Affiflant-Accomptants for Duty William Colcick, 70 A I on Hides and Skins, Vellum Richard Paton, 50/. I and Parchment, Silver-Plate Robert Payment, 50 A [ wrought in Town, Coffee^ John Morris, 50 A 1 Tea and Chocolate, Town Cbrippber Baldwin, 50 A J and Country: Gorge S/;dr, Efq; Comptroller of Excife, &c. for himfelf, exclufire of his Clerks, 77; A per Ann. John Windham, Efq; his Deputy, 400/. per Ann. Gorge Bruere, for entering the Bills of Exchange, &e. rzo A ptr Annum. Tbmas Cooper, 120 A per Ann. Gilbirt Ford, 40 A Edward Par Jons, 60 1 . Richard Par/ons, 80 A hnfitr Ford, 60 A Jtbn Raymond, 40 A on Malt. Tbmas Turner, on Candles and Victuallers in Town, 65 A per Aim. John Sydenham, on Hops and Candles in the Conntiy, 60 A per Ann. ion Excife. Samuel Grandfield, Gorge How, Jtbn Bruere, Bichlas Penfound, Giles Keith, J For Soap, Paper, Gallkoes.Wii* > and Starch, Town and Coun- 3 try, each 60 A per Am. { For Hides and Skins, Velliini and Parchment, in Town and Country, each 60 A per Ann. mert Ford, tor Coffee and Tea, 50 A per Ann. Thomas Conway, for Silver Plate wrought, 30 A per Ann. William Pojw/z:,Elq; Ca(hier,or Receiver-General of Excife, for himfelf and Clerks, 1980 A per Ann. Edwo-r Spear, tool, per Aesji. J Montage, 80 A Daniel Cctterill, 80 A ^Tellers, or Deputy-Receivers. j Clerks, ^Bill-men, eadh 40/. p tr dni, 7 s €&e i?efeitt State Party, Richard Wotton, per Ann. tool."} Edward NickJon, 60 V. ' lAffiftant and Nofarv^PuNM Thomas Butler ,40 /. * rlirt*. 1 • c * ; 'Benjamin Slim/, 40 /. Edward Feamley, Reger Church, Michael Ardouin, CbH^herWywl, Efq; Comptroller of the Calh, for himfelf Thomas Wallis, and ? tr- 01 , John Bidgood, jHis Clerks, Sir Bajtl Dixwell, Bart. Auditor of Excife, &c. for himfelf and • Clerks, 1030’/. for Ann. Robert Thompfon, Efq; Auditor of Hides, Coffee, Tea and Cho-- colate, for himfelf and Deputy, 300 /. per Ann. i General Examiners of the E*, William Wehb, I cife and Malt-Officers Coin- Richard Noble, ( try Books, each too/. p, Robert Thomlinfin, Affiflant to the General Examiners for forting the Books, 30/. ter Annum. Richard Piie, Chief Examiner of Town-Officers Books for it*. tdwBrewery, 80 /. per Ann. Thomas Henftridge, ) Affiftant-Examiners of the laid Thomas Finlon.u, J Books, each 60 /. per Am. John Draper, 190 /. fern's f Excife, Hides, Plate, Coffee, Benjamin Hutchins, 145 /. William Colebrook, 145 /. William Bell, 14$ l. . Thomas Arnold, 125 /. John Oxnard, Benjamin Marks, James Lampriere, HughNoien, Willhm Barker, George Knight, Thomas Applebury, Daniel Neale, Henry Hartwell, John Scholey, JVilliam Jobfon, Nathaniel Clark, Tea and Viftuallers. Candles, Coffee, &c. Excife, Coffee, Tea, lie. Soap only. Coffee, Tea, (Ac. Twelve Surveyors in theiswW | Breweiy, each 80 l.perM Twenty* look 1 H. of! G re at-Brit a i n. 79 fwenty-fix principal Officers, eacK6o/. per Ann. forty-nine Officers, each 52/. fir Ann. fifty Affiftants, each at 40/. fir Ann. Diftillery. r““* ? General-Surveyors of the Di- Si* Surveyors in the London Diftillery, each 60 l. per Ann: Forty-fix Officers in ditto, each 50 1 . per Ann. Twelve Affiftants in'ditto, each 40/ per Ann. Four Surveyors in the Brandy, each 60 l.per Ann. "Forty Officers, each 50 l. per Ann. Affiftants. each 40 l.per Ann. Ive Watermen, each 30 /. per Ann. i Thirty-fix Tidefmen, at 31. per Diem when on Duty. Surge Pratt, Colleftorof the Duties on imported Excifeable Li¬ quors at the Port of London, 120/, per Ann. hands Palmer, Port-Surveyor for the Diftillery, Malt, Coffee, Tea, and Chocolate, 90 l. per Ann. Daniil Clark, Land-Surveyor of imported Liquors, 80 l.per Ann. William Cundell, ? Port-Gaugers, each tot. per tour surveyors in tne Branny, i Forty Offi Nine Affit Twelve V Thirty-fix Tide-Surveyors, each 60 l.per William Roberts , Thomas Marjhall, \ Land-Waiters, each 50 l.per Thomas Fea, * " John Parry, ' John Par/on, James Treuder, William Scott , _ MertMott, Warehoufe,keeper,.at 60/. per Ann. John Keith, Examiner of the London Diftillery Officers Books, 80 1 . per Ann. Eighteen Permit-Writers in Excife, Coffee, Tea, (Ac. each 60 1 . fer Ann. Thomas Gurney, Chief Examiner of the Permits, 80 1 . per Ann. ■ Five Affiftants to ditto, at 60 /. per Ann. Eight Surveyors in the Soap, Candles and Plate, each at 70/. per Annum. ■ - Fifty-one Officers in Candles and Soap, at 50 /. per Ann. each. Thirty-four Affiftants in Candles and Soap, at 40 l.per Ann. Mr. George Roberts ,‘ Chief Ezaminer in the faid Duties, 80/. per Three Three AflHtatrtt. to,ditto, eadrs ;/,/«• Ann., ... TwoCalli^%^ej?oi^jeach.6iw./rr Ann. y . ( J Three Offi£ef|ittthe iaiillifties, One Officer iri'Papaf,’j'o?../V^ ! ?' - -v > - , . ; Two One ABlftant in ditto, at 40/. per Ann. ‘ - n - Four Officersin Starch, each 52/. per Ann. Six'Offiifers'in Hides, each 50/.' per Ann.' One Affiftant inat 40/: per. Ann. JobnGale, Surveyor for Goldand Silver Wire, and Wrought. Plate,- joleper Aim., .' . Siephen-Nowdrd,• Surveyor' of Hides, 80/. per Ann. John Marriott, Examiner.of Town-Officers Books ferHid^ Jt' "tffifetAm.''' 'Coffee, ,Tea, and Chocolate. Jobs Gough, Efq; Infpeftor-General of the faid Duties, joo/. per Aim. : ' - '* Jobn.Brahnhiry, Regifter of the Chocolate Starnps, 80/. per Am. John Dak, ^Stamper of Labels for the Chocolate, folperM Three Raiders for;fixing on the faid Labels, each ;o/. per Ann. Edward Hall, 7 Surveyors of the Coffee Roail- Samuel Gihfon, J ing-houfes,each Soli per Am. Six Clerks of die Roafting-houfes, each 60/. per Ann. - f.u 7 Surveyors of the Warehoufc Six Warehoufe-keepers, each 60/. per Ann. John Colemn, Warehoufe-keeper of Condemned Goods at the Excife-Office, epol.perAnn. Six Lockers at tho Tea Warehoufes, each 3 0/. per Ann: ) 70/. per Ann. Twenty-one Officers, each 50/. per Ann. Six Permit Writers, each 60 1 . per Ann. One ditto, at 50/. per Ann. Three Houfe-keepers at the Roafting-houfes, each 33/. ptrM Eleven Coffee-Roaftere, each 40/. per Ann. at'76/. per Ann. Six Meflengers, each 50/. per Ann. Mrs. Anne Cavendijh, Houfe-keeper of the Excife T Office, 2C0/. per Ann. Mn. Elizabeth Lucas, Deputy Houfe-keeper, 120 1 . per Am. Mitch. Newman, Sol. per Ann. i Door-kepers to the Conunif- Eic.Nailing [worth (sol. per Ann. I fioners of Exdfe. .. Strew 4 Book III. Of G REA t -Bri tain. 8 i Smitl Rolls Porter at the Excife-Office, at 40/. fir Ann. Fi?e Watchmen at the Excife-Office, each 40/. pin Asm. nyiiam Hall, Yard-keeper and Fire-maker, ipl.ftr Arm. f,Habib Gwicbild, Stable-keeper, 50/. fir Amt. Fillim Poyniz, Efq; 400/. annual Rent paid to him for the Ex¬ cife-Office. ■ ' « There are49 Colleflors in the feveral Counties in'England at i Salary of izol. fir Ann. each, and one a Supernumerary, at 80 1. yrMbefides an Allowance for Riding-Charges; and 1 go Super- dor;, who are fetover, arid do infpedt the feveral Officers in the County, at a Salary of 90/. fir Ann. befides an Allowance of Riding-Charges. Moil Colleflors have a Clerk and Supernumerary Officer in tvery Collection. ' ; There are common Officers employ’d in the feveral Parts of Ireland, about 2300. . R. B. Three Pencfe'in the Pound is paid for Charity by.all Officers of Excife, Clerks, (Ac. which are put into their Places by tkeCommiffioners; by which Means 14 or 1 ;oo/. are raifed every Year, which Money is applied for the Support of old decay’d of difabled Officers of Excife who have ferved upwards offevenYears; anil they are allowed ftrAnn.viz. •In Accomptant-General, AColieftor,-- A Clerk,-r— - A Supervifor,- This Charity is remitted to them gratis, wherever they are; they are paid half-yearly. F NUMB-, 8* uhtt: • .i -n.; k?. ' Jfc-U^ B“E :: It ;/{XXD£ : • • - A L IS f of the Commiffioners, Officers, aniothtrs <3/^, Cu ftom- Ho.ufe. GK!»ERAI.-OfFICERS. . Commijjioners for the. Management of t he Cuftoms in ■■■ - ~ England* to nfide in London. S IR John Evelyn, Bare. Bryan Fairfax± :ES(]i ' ' nr RohertBaylis,Knt.'- Richard Chandler, Efq; WardelL-Gtorge Wtfihy, Efq; - Beaumont Hat ham, Efq; ■ Samuel Mead, Efq; Gatiynn Vaughan, Efq; each per Ann. William Levirtz, Efq; ... P. Secretary, William Wood, Efq; for himfelf. andClerks, —r • ~'! .. • . Clerk for the Weftern Ports and' Plantations, John Fremantle,' ■ - Efq;-' —--- ^ For the Northern Ports, Henry Horn age, Efq; ——— P. Sollicitor for London and; the Wellern; Ports; ' „ George Medealf, Efq; ' • ■ ~ P. Sollicitor for the Northern Ports, Eduard Wyatt, Kfq; - Sollicitor for Bonds and Criminal Profecutions, Henry Symon, HXs# -- P. Receiver-General, Roger Tonxvjhend, Efq; • His Affiilanr, ~— — A Chief Teller, ..-. .- Another Teller,- i.- ., Two Clerks to get Bills accepted,—- . ' Another Clerk, — ■ ' ———• Pay maker of die Incidents, William? Leach, ■■ ■ ■ 5 A Meffenger,-, -- Sal. per Anrr. t. t. dk p, Comptroller upon the Mies^atfil Piyftienjs oE 1 the' Receiver-General, Augufiut V. 400 0 6 Sch'utz, Efq;... 1 J Tfrree. Clerks,. ' 180 o o P, ComptroUer r Genml of H th'ii Accompts of .the,? ... "J v 'Cuftoitiv Aoiert' 'JF’or)J»/;' ; Elrq;''J 100(5 0 0 ■Mr. William'-Parfoni, and Mr. i William Erawn.joiotAffiftantSj J * 5 ° 0 0 .Four Clerks*-jinn n « P, InfpeSot of the Out-Port Collectors Accompts, \ . ‘ John Robert, -i—J « FourCIerks, .... j .,. .j P, Infpeftor-General of the Exports and Im -1 ports Henry Pelham^ Efq; fbt > 78b himfelf and Clerks, -- J His Affiftant, John Oxenford, ■ ■ 120 P. RcgiSer-General of all Ships belonging, to T • > ' Great-Britain, John EeforJall,> ‘ joo Efqt '-— . yv .Five Clerks, —- » .196 P. Surveyor of the Out-Ports, .Rich. Moreton, Efq; ’; 36,6 ’ P.Infpeftor ofProfecutions, Stephen Poyntz ,., Hfqj He has 1 s. per Pound of \yhk is paid, into the Exchequer.— -~ Examiner of the Out-Port Books, 'if ‘ ‘ ; Jahn.Grefwifke ,, Efq;; ..I- „ _ Edouard' Williams, ... j»too/. Benjamin Martin, l Henry Saxby, .J. Examiner of the- Sufficiency of Officers' Securities, and tofollicits the Ray-, ment of Debts Handing out'in' the.Plantation Receipt; Mr; Okveit* M. Snuiny; ———' ,P o 9 o 6 , 6 9 6 Jarveyor-General of the Riding-Officers,.. ap V pointed for the, Guard of Kent, John > 2CO 0 0 Collier, Efq;-- t .) Ditto for Suffix, William Bat tine, Efq;'--— 250 0 o For a Clerk, - . . ——— - 40 o 3 To William Battine, Elq;an Addition for exO traordinary Services, In infpe£ting.;the> top 0 o For a Clerk,. ——— 30 o 0 F 2 ’ Surveyor- g| €fje0iefent$tatt ^ Fart n. \ .. A .,-.,, .jv Sal .per Atm. /. ,, g Surveyor-General of &«/; and , Dorfet, Pufey} . .fimke, Efq; J ioo 0 0 - For a Clerk,' - . 30 0 0 Surveyor-General of the. Supervifors and Riding-1 Offi«ereintheGouhtiesof£^fxMid'S^ ! ’-t 256 0 0 folk, John Cornelius, Efq;.-J ■ ' : ■ Port ofh O N D 0;N! Officer! forming in loth the Inward and Outward Bufmtfs. P. Comptroller, Ford Sr. John, .befides Fees,< 255 0 0 Four Deputies *—■■■ . ■■ ——. 40 0 0 P. Surveyor-General . . —*-— George Lewis'Coke,ityjm& John Fanfruw,' E(<{}— 500 0 0 A Deputy " \ — ‘ — - P; Comptroller of the Cloth and Petty-Cuftoms, both Inward and Outward, Jofeph Maddy and Ralph flhorogood, Efqrs. befides Fees • --- A Deputy • —- Viewer andEjamiher-of Tobacco, both Inward ) ■; 0 andOutward; -JSi/w. Mam, -- J Land-Carriage-Surveyor, Caleb Horner, ■ ■ 60 . 6 0 Seventeen Land-Carriage Men, each —~ 35 la 0 Surveyor of the Coaft-Waiters, Brown Berne y, --^ 60 0A0 Eighteen Coaft-Waiters, each ——■—• 400:0 Sollicitor of the Coaft-Bonds, Hugh Tomlins, Efq; — 50 0 d Clerk of Coaft-Bufinefs,and to make oiit ' Bills of Store, John Player,—-^;—' 1 ' Six Pair of Oars for the Coaft-Wailerij Out-Warehouses, , , s! For Eaft India Goods prohibited fo It w>r)i here. - Two Warehoufe-keepers, each . — , _ • too 0 0 Two Comptroller*, each ' ** 0 Book III. . 85 , - SsS. .per Am. 1. s. £• ' \ , For Pepper. - '' " 5 ffarehoufe-keeper, Robert Anderfon_ t bo, o 0 j\ Comptroller, Richard Ofwald, ■ —— 50' 9 o For. Coffee, Tea, cvr/zCocba-Nats/ ' Six Warehoufe-keepers, each . r—r ['to Twenty-live Weighing Porters, each, •— 35 Iifpeftor of the Delivery of Unrated Eajl-India 1 Goods, Chrijlopber Clayton, . -. J I N WA R D S. P. CoMor, Robert Mam, Efqj— —r- 466 13 4 ScvenDeputies, andfevenClerks under them,—400 o o Examiner of the Duty on Wine, William Adams, - 40 o © Examinor of the Duties on other- Goods, Hugh} g Q Q Q Grainger, ■ ■ ■ ' ; 1 ■ ,$ r' ' ■ Copying-Clerk of the Warrants, and to deliver ? them to the Land-waiters, Ifaac Sampfon, | 40 ° 0 Affiant to the Clerk of the Ships Entries, Michael j . Humor, --- — - S f, Regifier of the Warrants has 2 d. per War-1 rant Fee, Samuel Long , Efq; 1 1 j P. Cullomer of Petty Cufloms Inward, Stephen 1 5 g Four Jerqaers, each, - ■ ■ - ■ — i°o 0 0 Clerks, ■■■ —-— -—.110 o o Nine Land-Surveyors, each,—-r . 11 ■ ?oo o o Affiant Surveyor of Paper, Thomas Jehyll, " -too o o Affiftant-Surveyor of.Baggage, John Shortis, —. i;p . o o Surveyor of the Keys, F. Ford. .. . . -T . r * 9 ° 0 0 P. Nineteen King’s Waiters, each(befidesFees) ..,^52 o o Thirty-One Land-Waiters, each, - go o o & additional Land-Waiters, each, ... 60 o o Eight Tide-Surveyors, each, '.h ■ : 60 o o Eighty Tidefmen, .each, • ■ - i -“, — 40 o o One Hundred and twenty Tidefmen, each, 35 0 ° . Eight Pair of Oars attending the Tide-Survey -1 g 0 ^ 0 ors, each,. -- J Clerk to the Tide-Surveyors, and to fet thel Weighing Porters to Work, William >5000 ■ Gould. " ——— '; —) Segifier of Ships in this Office, John Woolly — ' 50 o o F 3 Tvw _ Sal. per Jinn. Two Watojnauto appnd fueh Land-Waiters as I *Se ^qppNii^^ li& > |i)b % lMiveiy '#Tii& r Comptroller of the (aid Duty, Robert Simpfon,- i' : .; out war ds:, P. CoMtor, Thomas Day, Efqjbefides Fees, —— 276 1 Three Depnties, - ■■ —j. ■ Five; Clerks, —_ -.-j ' - Copying Clerk Outward, William Briggs, 30 < P. Cuftomer of the Great Culloms on Wool ahd ) ’ .. Leather exported, Henry Lewis, E(qj< V to < befides Fees, ' __«-.• : | 5 P. ComptroUer of the Great Culloms on Wool andLeather exported, Francis Guyben, befides Fees, - ■, f. Cullomer of the Cloth, and Petty Culloms} Pee^^^' H e ' ,r J Water land, befides > 50 1 P. Chief Searchers, ThmasUti Howard, and? John Seffe, Gent, befides Fees, — f 120 { Five Under Searchers, befides Fees, each: 12 1 Five more Searcheps,,,each, ——— 60 < i wo Watermen attending them, each, . 30 < . .Su^eyor of the Sealers, Wikrtl V' ' rorfter, x^ijo ( ■ Two Watermfh'attending him, eac£, r — ; "60 '< Ptgifiero^eCertificateCo^etSjJ^BOa-rB/ir^V^.g-^ r ool"? V. bon, > jq 1 Book III ;U0E : «I N. 87 Other: " Wareho'ufe-keeper for.the Commiffion-; ers,' John Redman I f. ' • Warehoufe-keeper Tor the'ColleQor,' Richard Needham ;. - ■■■' Surveyor of the Eajl-lndia Warehp.ufes, fraw;> JaeKfon, Efq; : —- His Affiftant, John Bainbrigg . » Surveyor of the Aft of Navigation, Stephen Scott — Two Watermen to attend him, each,— Inlpeflors of the River, four, each, — -7—- Two Pair of Oars, " i,i P, Uiher of the -Cuilom-houfe, John Norrii, Efq; 6 < Elizabeth Pigot, Houfe-keeper, • 'too < For two Door-keepers and MeiTengers ——— 66 < For 6 Under.Meffengers at p i. per- jinn. •: Two Appraifers, Mr. John BenJon,md Francis \ 'Jackfon, each - - J : ■ Cooper /. per Week-r— -—. . Forty-two Watchmen, pack befides Night-^ g Eighteen Soon-tenders, each,, ——— 1 t6 •< Other Preventive Officers in the River. , , ■ jit Deptford. " ' . Eitiard'Spinhi- — .• - , 40 O’ 0 Two Watermen; each, '"‘'-f-r—' ■ 30 0 o ' •; ' ' • jit Blackwall. , n ‘ Surveyor ] John Butts,'’ '".•.'ry’V -rrrv:i^®' Q..° A Waiter and Searcher. • , j~~- — 4° 0 0 Two Watermeri,*~each,"- . . .. 3° 0 o .Tr Greenwich. Surveyor, Robert Gateti .wa o . » . f Jaa»;tv.-J ■ :‘.’6d. ; o ; -.b A Pair of Oars 4 — ■-—*—60 o o At Batkin. Surveyor, Henry Hopkins, -— 4 ° 0 .. a Two Watermen, each, — — 3° 0 0 . . F 4 88 Ciepjtfeitt imeft -v, .:■£ Sal. per Ann, Wilhav\ Tdylor’stAMdtnas^arfmii ' - ‘ --- Four- V^iferineh,:'eacli3;- : in;«(.-:^ >.r,-..>VV ' ..A Purfleet.' ‘ :V ' i George Walker, —_ irAm,. Two Watermen, each. JParirj.JIl i- i. i Itff Erith. Surveyor, ’Bartholomew Haddock . . Two-Watermen, each, —, • * At Gravefend. F. Two Searchers (befides Fees) each, v Another Searcher ' ...... . Four Watermen, each,. - ■■ ■ ~ A Smack, Commander Charles Brady For Mariners and Viftualljng - At Leigh. Surveyor ,lfaacPryer - - Four Watermen, each, —. ' . u At Shobury. Waiter and Searcher,- Arden , Salley' — N.B, There are in this Port of London, -befides the above, mentioned eftablifh’d Perfons, a great Number of .Men, who "art i^der Security for the . faithful’ Difcharge of -their.Duty. and are paid only when they a«.employ’d, either as extraordinary Fideftncn, Weighing Porters, or Watchmen ,• a feteA Number pf whom are ufuajly called Preferable Men, who are always en d firil after the; FJabli(h’d..M“- — 1 *--■* ploy’d vacancy in thb Eftablilhineiit. Men, • and. ftand. faireft for any . Ptiieni Officers of the Cuftoms in tbeOifpPerts. V? Lip dre\appointed fo allp torts in tbr japie Counties for-, which they;afe here hitniioiiti, •at oj/ictate by Deputies. . •— .. ; s' :: • . Sal. per Ann. ~ 7 . ,sAl __ • _ jffiUtbcOtCll* > -\ % jfamts Qfqp, Gent.^C.uJlomer ' -7 . 7 v 0 j Peter Gilbert, Comptroller _ . tS 6 8 , and Henry Harris^ ^eaiejbers ’ -r— io o • £ft Jehn Sapikn, Comptroller.^ —-UwitfJUsUvH* Daniel Stow, jun. Searcher v ' - - Book III. 89 • ' ‘ . Sal. per Am. 1 . s. d. Southampton. Ckrlts Whitmore, Cuftomer Inwards’andOutwanls-i.i zjr.vfiV g [fyard and William Jafper, Comptrollers; -each rm 0 0 6 Claries Clutterbuck, Searcher : q ,•■■■ . »’ 1000 i&Obl. Ralham'el Bond, Efq; Coftomer . —;—..48,o'er, O Mm Smith, Comptroller . . —-- 10 6 0 Warren Lijle, Searcher l&lpmouth- Jibn Cooke, Cuftomer J - - — Gor£f Marjhall, Comptroller . v -— St,roe Powlctt, Efq; Searcher . HartII, ... v; idi Sal. per Am. /, ,. i •- Gbajrletjturmf, Eiq.-Guftonier ;o: . >fiVt;6i Wiiliam)Sowyer,Comptn))kx:0 Julius Cafar, Efqj Searcher, Jsy^v . • ...... $08on. ■ iTr/y?>-fl* ; T'iu£//,..Culloiner .■■■■■ '" ■ V— ^ ,31 16 g i^BriJC^KiWif^Conptwiler — -— • 12 9 2 SamueliCodding'ton, Searcher ^jvtl U.O’O R'ulardConfet, alias. Ml, m^Tronm Reft, .. Coftdriiers, each.. DuncanCmpbell,. jp o' 0 13 4 - ... j,. . 12 01 iSefecafile.-. , . Horatio *twuJhend,R£ap Cuilomer Inwards — .. 27 ;- e 0 Sir WiliUtf'Williamfon, .and ftosiae Stowe, Cpf-,>,£r ■■ .0 # . .20 0 0 is Outwards, each William Sharpe, MeUelfGrabam , ■ : ' %&>«*• lull Neal/on, Cnilomer ' MmSr />*rr?Gomptrtller ’ &• Join Sledding, Searcher -—- ^ EdWtrdHutchinfm, Gtmomer . Daniil Draperi Comptroller William Tate, Searcher • «’. ; —? Johfit&amdtGn -Cnfiomer " 6"8 WiUim GiU,“t3wFrancis Htrbert, CompfirolftS 1 ^ id u 'd' 0 Sir Hugh Briggs, Searched:?.' iU: 1,——. ^ 3 6 8 Oth&^&Wers of tbe"Cuftoms fpribtj(fut^orPj^tii . bol¬%ji miflimri , -fri*- & Treajtiry. - ' ‘ 1 ' "' ;• ^‘ $ •sir^m®g|i^.v Vnmas Ollvei CoBefior.~ . y.y ’ >.'• 50 ’ P ■ 0 . . Surveyor, Searcher, and foiiriihisKOfficeB. one ) . . 0 witliandther:i w :D' hix l\*rMr± M^cO o' o jo?,- ' $etarfl)am« EdwardBeckwith, Colleadfeirifn' ff ' —■ -r , ... 60 ® Wiih otjfc^lj Officers, thei^Sa^,^pn?..)yidi?laiwl ,-V'; a > other, ataounts,to- .i W >' .^sSOfisIH/ ow” I ■ • | 00 k l ;jn.' Sal. per Atm. m S. d. ftlliamSenry Solly,■(. . i Surveyor, and'Eleven other 0 £ i Carr, Colleflor, forMo s Slayton, Tide-Surveyor - Riding-Officers, Tidefmen, and-Ba : Salaries amount ta fcobir. Chripphtr Gunman, Colleflor- ' ' ‘ •Vi-jd;* Surveyor, Land-waitpr, Riding-Ollicere, T> 4 # •• men arid Boatmen, their Salaries are '---- - jtpg, plajnWardroper, ColleOdt"^'60 The Salaries of the -Deputy-Comptroller, arid;V r Twenty other Officers, cometo ' J' 20 ^ 0 '; fih Pflbant, Colleflor, 4;/. per, Ann.aB&Y - \ three other Officers, amount to ' J' 2 * 0 3 rtW«i. 'dBm Gnome, Colleflor, ^o /. per Ann; andtvvo.) . : ' other Officers, amount to -———»v ‘' 1 ' J :^ 10 . ■ Jg^bra. ' Jams Hurdle, Colleflor : . y.fa,. A fairer, Searches Comptroller, twoBpatinen,)^ and four Riding-Officers, comes fo —— J. f? 6 ,. 1 TthichEl&r, •job, Till, Colleflor' —-—/. . —a. , : 6o' TwentyfubordinateOfficers'-- - v. ,, —- 1272, ■ "'J0o?tfinoutb' v s -■ “/ William Cooley, Colleflor and. Cuilomer, whohas f" . .for hitqfelf.and Clerks... ■■■:}■{l* \ n " . f,?'.® 0 . Siirveyqr, LMdwaitere, and otiter'Cfficws, deh.iVjlo- ■ 'Salarimcbmeto /ff-^»». ii'w ' ' j’JSt* n mmas Sherer, Colleflor ■■ ■ ... fAo Twelve other Officers, with ; ffijeeQ^pore belong-) o0 ' ng to the Caljbot Sloop •• '*- 6 j 880 ■ t \ -.y : .48fOOte. f ;oi* us-jk william Milner, Colleflor, .for Jumfelf and Clerk «— 1 70 Seventeen other Officers ydn Read, Colleflor lJft Fifteen other! Officers, with eleveri Men belong-!- 1 7S °. 6 o 90 o o O 0 ,0 0 4 o 92 • €-5c'P?efent@tiJte "fart-ii. .; • i-'S .' Sal. per Ann. 1. , ■ j gKifptmm^. RiebardiJorJaii, Collefioi^fOrhimfelf and Clerfc V’ "(fo ■ 0 o Fourteen OtherOfficers ■ — a>:ii0 4 «"o n %m- ■ ^ohtiNevsell, Colle&or, forhimfelf and Clerk —■ ' 70 0 0 Fifteen other Officers ^ ■■■'lin.Wiv.o 0 , <6cet*r; Jofiph Crew, Colleftor, for himfelf ■ go 0 0 For a Clerk - - - - ; 20 0 0 Forty-eight other Officers > -*•• ■ ■ 160 0 0 - -v , ©artmoutf). • ■ William Co-well, ColleQor, forhimfelf and Clerks So 0 0 Twenty-four other Officers — — ' 755 0 0 . Greenhill Darracott, Colleflor, for himfelf and Clerk 120 6 0 Fifty-four other Officers < ' ■ — 1715 . 0 0 . '■ Slooe. Nicholas Z)yrr, ColIeftor >- -- ■■ ■ —- ' 60 0 0 five other Officers —— . 185' 0 0 tfotofjv Charles Lamb ,.Colleflor - — 60 0 0 Twelve other Officers " '■ ■■ - - — ■ ifio 0 q iFa|moutf>. William Pye, ColleSor, for himfelf and Clerk —— 70 0 0 Twenty-four other Officers : ^tnr?n- . - Anlrofe Thmpfon, Colle&or Si* inferior Officer * Officers Thomas Quart TwoTidSms 40 0 0 • > 5 ?;° e SCruroe. ) . . — 40 p 0 Waiter - • • . .~ - - -8p' d 1 p ■ ' 5 ' ' . fctofcb. ' Henry Tremmbeere, CoHeflor, for himfelf and Clerk 60 0 0 Two other Officers •■■■ ' ■ ' ■ ' —- : ' 5 0 :’ 0 0 iBenjancf. Charles Vyvyan, CoOeSor -HKyn v . ' i..., . ,6o„o. 0 Tw^ity^fther Officers —• -■ - ' . ''''sW>;‘ 0 “ 0 : ;i ' ' " '"'.SSfcStetfv.. •. ‘"’"'.V- Richard Harry, CoOedor »f‘ ,v t >.. — 3 P 0 0 Six Other Officers ^ n William Phillips, Collector - ;■ ' QiDH Picbard Parmintjp, Colleflor^f Twenty-fye othej Officers . __ — 78^ 0 i 1 ' himfelf and Clerk too,. 0 BoofcUi; R^AIN. 93 Sal. fy Asm. I. t. d.' yog Bayntun,., Colleflor,- forthimfelfand Clerk.?,. Vfo.-.fb » 6 four other Officers - . . . -"- -- »■■■ ' " ■ ^t 5 oa?b.» 3 *‘ Jllfratomb. JihFtJJi, fen. Colleflor . " , ■ ■ ■:'■■■. . 4o :,o--'b Fourother Officers, and a Smack —--iO 487., 13 :.9 pntijcaP- ftaai Blake, Cudomer, for himfelf.and two Clerks V- 36 -. 0. o Nine other Officers r — 1 — . - —— • at$' 0 , 0 ®#iDgetoatrt. %k Harvey, Colleflor, for himfelf and Clerk ■ 70 O o . .... i 5 ?ittoU, . Jirmiah Burroughs, Efq; Colleflor, for him-) „• „ felfand Clerks* . . $ 6 3 ° 0 0 One hundred and five other Officers and a Smack— 2757. '__n. o William Bell, jun. Colledlpr. ... . Befides the Patent-Officers, who aft for their), , ,., v Patent-Salary-and Fees , —.. —— Fivf other Officers ■ , ■■ ' ■■■... —' 186'0 o Cbepflfdto- Francis Davis, Colleflor ' 30. .0 O Three Officers • - ■ < ■, - '75' do Cam®.' ,... ImllinTrabcrn, Colleflor ■ 30 9 0 Seven Officers ■ — - " i t 2 6 o fttoattfe?,. William Shewn, jun. Colleflor, for himfelf and Clerk 7,0,,0 ,0 Twenty-four other Officers 479 6 0 fPilf 0?C . . > y-- r ,/\ Matthew Lord, Colleflor ■ • . it , - 100 0 .0 . Thirty-three other Officers hkiard Dalton, Colleflor Three Officers jHanriij?., John Vaughan, Colleflor Two Officers Ikaas Baughs, Colleflor five Officers .Caroigair. Charles Malden, Colleflor Eight'Officers _ joh Kirby, CbHeflor Thirteen other Officers Colc!)# r a; ; 0 .0 ' 7J o o 40 0 o - 7° o o '4' . 250 0 o \ ]8o " o '. o‘ 270-o ’ o pClSiCf)' 94 i mm . 1 ■>!*** “**•■ lk ‘ i Griffith Z>1. ^ L_ , d 0 Seven Officers — ' _ Eight Officers.j^—_ ^~ ni | S o 0 Jfibn.Burgh, Colletor _- CO 0 len Officers ; 2 oo' o I 9 o,-..o.o ^tochtpn. Booklll. of• n. 95 • ... ,Sal. per Ann. 1 . s. d. u ., , ■CollefldrfOrhimfelf arid Clerk —' 6o ' Ci ‘ o - ’ 60 ' 275 q 0 Comptroller of the, CtiftomSj Gbaflei Sban .-, A . j- ...... jofiph Burrovi, Collector, for himfelf and Clerks.. 90 0,0 Thirty-one other Officers, ;. . • —- - "i 965 0 o ftancaffec. Mwqrd Hornby, Colleftor - ' 60 q o Thirteen other Officers . . , — —— ■ : 283-' 0 o and Boulton- , William Whitefiie. ColleQor ;- :3p- 0 0 Five other Officers' - . ~ . f- *r- - . 73 o 0 fUiwpool-. John Colquitt, Colleftor, for himfelf and-Clerks ,27,0 o o Fifty-four fubordinate Officers., / *995'" 6" ,! o ■ Cftefier. ; William Farrell^ Colleflor " . . — — ^ p 'o Twenty-orie ffiborffinate Officejs- —• 54b’:‘b o' 7 *»■*» -■ Elizabeth Rimer, , , Surveyor ■• Tork River, Rich ^/rr. ^l^r; in keep a Boa Rappbannock - River, James Reid, CoHeftor, tol keepaBoat— 'T — ~ j South Potomock, William’Fairfax, ColleSbr, to# ’ kdepifioat 1 1 • - -j Gaptr.Charles, James Mitchell; Surveyor, to fur-1 ^ the Eaftern Shores isi . Virginia and > ' Maryland to AeSeaboard . - ■ -v A Accomack and Northampton Counties, 'George Fair -1 fax Colle&of, to keep a Boat .-Vy ' ; j ^arplatiB. North Potomock, William, Deacon, Colleflor to 1 , keep a Boat _. ■ \ c Patuxent, Benedia C«/w^‘CoIleSorJto ke^pa Boat Annapolis, Benjamin Tajker,. Sprveyor - | "" Pocomtck, Edvi. Chamlers, Colle&or, to keep aBoai Edmond Hough, Riding Surveyor, to. do Duty on T both Sides the River ’"t Williamftead, Perfon ferving Surveyor- - < Bahama and Saffajras, Benjamin Talker, .jun.T Riding Surveyor. • ’ f Wiccomoco and Munin, Michael Nta,cnamara,S\smyo Delaviar Bay.'.Periqnferving Surveyor — i* vr^&nfiiiianta. • Philadelphia, Grojvtmr Bedford, Efq; CoMor ') per Patent —- _ _ ’ J And to keep a Boat - 1 Nevicafile, William Till, Coilefior, to keep a Boat Lewis —RichardMetcalfe, Colleftor tokeep a Boat , '• '* < ,40'd 0 •40 0 e J 100 0 01 • 45 A 0 40 0 0 86 0 0 80 0 0 jo 0 0 40 0 ,Q 6o"o ! ,o ; 80 ,d ;,o 60 0 0 . ,.i6o. vQ..0 A6o'!‘:d l, 0 ::SS 0.0 50 ‘0 O' : 4 ? 0 0 S59, 9 « 160- 6 0 80 :o 0 90 0 0 go 0 0 Willitm Btokifii. ' & J , Sal. , per Am. 1 . s. d. 11’ilHaa Sully, Comptroller, '&lk6foj&i%bi!adtl-y ' . tUa,. keep/a Journal #itjy $*?••••« ; letter,. figirAccompts andDifpatdtesWith Kiirtf,'V' So o' o and to go quarterly to Newcaftle, 8nd Lewis to 1 examine and' fign thofe Collefion Accompts. J * . - ••*•. ©att-ilerftp.: M firth-imloy, John Barheric, Collector —- 40. o- 0 hMngttn (to refide jt Cohenfey) W.Frafer, Colleflor 40 0 0 Aud to refide at Bridlingtm,:CbatltrReai, Colleftor 30 O o inltlati Lenneiy, < Mat Ellijion, . Comptroller -—— : ——" j j o.. ■ o . Connetticut. J ’em Union, Jofeph Hull, .Colleftor -—. 80 .Q. O ; , T , jBeto» w.yo-. o, r .'o Simula, John Pigot, .Collector ..... .. ■■ • no o o Jamaica,Hubert TaJJell, . Colleftor, is allowed one ? Third,of what hecollefts, ihftead of a Salary $ MatDimuiJdie, Efe; SurveyorGeneral ofthe") , 'Siuthirn Part of . the Continent oU America 1 viz. South and North Carolina, jJifginia,Mdry- Iani, Penfilviiida, Bahama-jjianisscii.JSm 6 iea, JiljgyV ,.At 29a, r £)v»r, for himfelf ;> ~ 3 Gsf 1 *• u ' For a Clerk 1 ' ■■ For a Boat and four Boatmen" V Ihmas Lechmere, Efq; Surveyor General dfthe Northern Part of, .the Cohtmpnt of America,' 9? A Year's Mabliffimentoflbh Officers of the Cuft m in Barbw^-'y^/^l&Mrtblfla&ds, for tht\ 4 f per pent. . N. B 7 too Officers in the Leeward Iflands are paid there tut ij ; the 4-fper Cent.- - " ; 1 - Salary per Atm, l. s . i . - ■ ■ 33arbaBoe0., : Bridge-Town, William Pater fin, Efq; Surveyor-) , General, forhimfelf —- ' J 400 0 For a Clerk. - - .— . - ^"v ~, 1 50 0 Vacant ■ - - —, Receiver and Colleftor, 250 0 ArthurJVptmi Comptroller If— ...120 0 William Rawlins and Geo. Ma.vtsiell, Searchers; each, 7; 0 Four Waiters,- ’ —H—, | ' ' 200 0 Four Watermen; ,——' . - --- ' , ,10; 0 St. OJlih's, Thomas Fenwick, Colleftor and Searcher; . 62 10 tide, Anthony TaRogue, Coll. Waiter and Searcher, §7 10 ^fights,.mi Bays aA]¢,ChriJ!opherGraven; Coll. 53 '2; 6] Richard Nichl/on. Waiter and Searcher, — , 53 2 Two Watermen, —- — 1 —■ 4315 JWiH- James Brelner, Colleftor, ■'->-*- .ijq-.opi Somers Payne, Comptroller, ’ - Vacant Four Waiters,- — —— Two Negroes to attend the Scale,. > - Five Waiters, — ■■ - ■. ; SntiBua> John Banifier, Colleftor, .-- Samuel Grunbill, Comptroller, — -L JcemeiScott, Searcher, ; ; Nine Waiters, each —r. ' ' ^• \ ^ $ountfmak Htnry CleJand f Colleftor* . — Vacant -r — -, Searcher, -r 37 0 —7 16,17 -5 93 l S — r 50 p < r . 4<> ' 7. . “ 60 0 '35 0 — t 49 10 Three Waiteip,., t • . •: Old Road, Vacant —--, Colleftor,-- — 150,0 Drewry Ottley, . Comptroller, — — 50 o.: : BaJfeterre, Henry Bromcker, Colleftor, - - ... 80 - Efqrs, e ■Jlm.Ety, 'otsn Fere, I. Churchill, J each '5C0 Comptroller, for himfelf t 350 ..1 Gelrge Brown, Deputy." . . f~r . . tr*.: 1.' . .. : mflBnoK '|:^? S! '■' Eiger Mainwaring, Efq; Cafhire, for himfelf J ’ Q and Clerks . y’.-' 1 " 1 . liter White, ' t Clerks 'Alexander Rennald,* •• •• ’jams Campbell, Biliman —- ’ • _ . , , , . Plilif-Elias Peltier,M# Secretary —. ..... . Ttoo; 0 MiltsGreembM,'RSs&ant Secretary . r-' .... 6a, o. o "jams Crept, Efqj Accomptant-General — 20P o 0 Mites Greenwood, Clerk’ to theAccomptant-General 40 o. o WilliamDent, Sollicitor ’■ -?•„ -f\. Ip .° 0 -<9 Ditto, for, and irrefpe£t of the Charge he is at l ^ .■<, . ^ iti maintaining and keeping an able Clerk v ,. . Milts Greenwood, CoiretpqK^at and Examiner 1 ' l6o 0 ^ of the Delivery dnd Scdte Books’; >' . i; , v ., A .... Francis Toplady-,- Qtfk of the Securities ’ ’ 59/,? <9 Ditto, Chief Accomptant ■ ' r —< . ,, l ?9 L °i.-i9 Ditto, for his Seiyice in ^mining^d faking J ' " j, up the Accounts of thd'dfffiiery ' -’ **•'/..A-;- ,,/g, Thomas Hughon, Accomptant - ; ?° °.. ®. ‘Ditto, for Jiis Service in preparing- and ftating'l. ' the Accompts of the Fimehv 0 '’ • ’ ■■■ ' ■ " I %iny Folkes, Accomptant ! V sparing-and ft l^hmas Mathewir^^i Clerk’to the AccomptantS-6o .0 ’ Thomas' iK/z Affiftint Clerk to the Ac- n ^ , - 0 ioo Mt tatr . , ,.$si2r\p fer Annum. l. i Catherine Lloyd, Houfekeeper, for herrelf and ServaDts ioo ,;o ,:o James Robertfm } Sjore-keeper.^Ierjc#the A :g ;t«? rityand Diaries 1 " --— • V'vK w John Elliot, Clerk to the CoiTefpandent — 60 o 0 JobnJohhfin, Clerk to tke'Affiftanf l §esre.tary■*,>. o-,sd oii'Jb John Miller, Door-keeper.,. v . —v ‘••'■■’40 io:.'o John Bamfield, Meffenger 111 ■ ■ ■ : - 40 0 0 Thomas Iwic, Porter - -■ —* - jo 0 0 John Stalker , Watchman r^r,, , A ; 20. 0., e James Stalker, Watchman r - " ' ■ ' “ ‘A . ' • 20 0 .0 Jlenjamin Davis, .Colleflor at the Port of London -! x \ 60 -,o rfo RicbardToiler, Affiftant Searcher fit the Port Edouard Watfon, ( Surveyors at the Port of , ... EichardBeauchamp,\ .. London, each- - ' t. 0 . c John Randall, (Boatmen, atthbPort of Lgn- ' . William Mafia, \ don, each r j .? Henry Prince, Clerk for die Salt Duties-at DaS-^ . .. lin, for- tranfcribing the.Accounts'of Englijb { Salt imported into, and exported from Ire¬ land, which are tranfffiitted to this Office,land ' ( ’7. Officer for preventing Frauds on theCoaffofl " f ' The EJlaiHJhment in /fe CountryA^ Colleflors, viz. Two at 120/. fer Annum each. 1 ' 'h : i - ' <■ One'at tool, fer AtMum, and an .Ailowamce of^tA j/ 5 (ot riding Charges for himfelf and Clerk/ ''\ . , .^ - jfc-i l Two at tool, fer Annum, and 30/. for' l&afrahd.Hbrfp, eacfon live at-100/. ftr-Jimm each. , •. c . adV One at 80 1. fer Annum, and allowed as'Riding Officer^jo/,,,7 One at 70 1 . fer Annum, and allbwed for! Clefk,/fbr ail Omift and for Horfe-hire, 22/. ' ■ One at 70 1 . fer Annum, and for. riding 'Charges, ‘ 20 1 , : Two at 70/ fer Annum each. • V •; u wyni One'at 64 2. fer Annum,’ and allowed for a'CJerkA jisi? One at hoi. fer Annum, and'^o/^for'.^n^S^^jg t ^igBi' and 13/. forfurveyihg the bordering'Officers/ , One at 40 2 . fer Annum. ,J ;*• 1 ^ _ ' G : \ . ■, 3 One at'4/. fer Annum! \ - y.ain One Sub-ColleSor at 66/. fer Atmufn,‘.ikctA. 'io //fora Horfe. Clerks to'the Cofleftbrsj ' V V A °' ; il ' m Three at ■ jolfer Aatmiitlhr ^ S Fiveat2o7i-;^r^#»*>« : eS«&’ : ' ft, Book III. gt&'Oi^tyih^'iN. ioi •-vf.:.',-. 'mv.! . Twoat8o/. ^^Aaw/ah^ib?.’fof’aHoffe; eicfc’. Five at 80 /. p'er Annum each.'; :n OSxetf;%iz J . ' ’‘'p' Three at'jo/./o - 'i(^TOa«»’each; !l: ''' K '’ :!5 0 1 • ■Aw'.u v One hundred and thirteen' at 40 /. per Wiium each. ‘ Five at 31/. per Annum ench. , ' Fourteen at 30/. per Annum each. Fight at 25 /. per Annum each. " ... .." ‘' Seven at 20/. per Annum each. , • . Oiieati; l. per T Anniim.- : V Eighteen at 10 1 : per Annum eich.' • Four at; /. per Annum each.’ - „ . ' , Nine at 2I. per Arman each. 1 v - JV 1 . . ■ . Supernumerary Officers, 'Efqrs. each 400 0 0 JphH P(umpire, I ' John Barnard, J .. . Secretary, Wadham Wyndbam, Efqj '' '' ■ 300' 0.0 Receiver, William Poole, Efq; . —— 500 q q Comptroller, . Morgan Fane, TLfqi —^ 400 Secret, ill Clerk, Thomas Porter, . ' 136 o‘o ad Clerk, Robert Dyer. ~r— 70 0 q, 3d Clerk, John Brettell,. igarh ^ 0 ’’0 4th Clerk, Samel Jefe, f 63 ®' 60 0 ° 3th Clerk, William Thifsletots, s . ~r~" ; Receiv. rft Clerk, John Carr. «-•;— iop ' tf-o. 1 4th Clerk, Francis Fludyer,' — — j'o 0 0 Compt. rft Clerk, .Wiiliam Comyns, -r.-r . ,Y.vJ0PePch,:ioi6P; 1 ?.!^' 4th Clerk, . Pbilip : Rajleigb, ), , m: ,:v.inn . SoIIicitor, 7 Henry. Crtinuys, Efqj Clerk of the Sccu-'') ■'pf.fi""”' [. 0fa^^Ai7?iP(i(KiT)kiN. 103 . ,'Sal. per Ann: -, -jT s. d'. fejilter of;Wa^-pc‘. >u y.ilv. -..1 lantsfor Stamp,- >WilliamBambton, JLt to ditto,/ John Hudfon,,, — Teller of Stamps*;. William Wright, - Affiant to ditto, James .Hamilton, , IVarehoufe-keeper 1 of Unftt. Parch- > Charles Marjhall, ment and Paper,. } , Affiant to ditto, Robert Craig, • — ffarehoufe-keeper 7 i • . .. ofStamptParch-V John ‘knells, —— ment and Paper, j Affiant to ditto, John Cooi, —; Packer, Repps Borland, Infpe£t cs of Courts and Corporad- [Thomas Steel, ok, and Riding [John Beck, Surveyors, J Benj. Brombead, Infpeftor and Sur-I veyor of Courts/ 1 and Corporati- \rWilliam Hopkins... ons within they Bills of,Mortal. J. Affiant to ditto, John Stapleton, Houle-k$?peri_ John Carr, — fJiftribato'r for Union, >each 80 0 1 S o 0 1 70 O O: ■ SO, 0 Or 100 0 I John Hudfon, r — John Sutherland,. —'; DeputySuperviforf 1 . , ,,.,v , V J of ditto, < ; > ‘Thomas Eger ton, j —00 0 Andas Stamper, 150) -tHrfy-ttise Lewis Nicholls, . • " - .,^ i ,Jphn.Hillyard, . s, 4 -tJIenrJh'CaliteD,- : ^MndWAdd, . ~ tl, ' T5 •••'•• Peter Berrey, John Hudfon, James Atwood, Johni Warren.- William Harris, - George Morris, . John Boyden, . \ JohiitHoward,-.- "o, ,■ -• John Topley, ___ j william Palmer, Edsyard Starling, Matthew WatfbivMj , fJb&Etetett, h :r. t &z ’fcrdiriatiidfrBabber) It- n .- hafdfott,;; f>Si William Willatt, Willliam Shaw, Sff : ®°>? fon fl --VnrXX- PfielThpmfon, Ethel. Whitfmafh, . Thomas.Cuff, Wdh^n.Aytft , :; v yincen.Litchfield, . Val Kmght. ., . William Dudfield, Will. Rimmer, William Saunders ' James Bqume, John Hicks. . John Harris, >each - Rolling-Prcfs Prin- (John Denton^' P ‘~ ***' ters »( 3 ), < Join Shelvqeie, . . I George Rohfon, , (Thomas Dolley, , 1 Layers and Takers of i Edw. Burroughs , Paper off, on, and J Thomas Howard, « from the Rolling^ James Sherriff. Prefles, (7) I JpbnTbompjon, I Thomas Game. . . . . _ L James Fell, ■ , Welters of Paper for f ™.... . the Rolling-Preffes \ l U lham J>‘‘? les > (2) ° \GeorgeWilfon, . Thomas Coiuper, Chamher-Iteeper, Luke Alien, _ Meffenger, ' George Reyndldfon, Porter,' ‘" Francis Watchmen, (2) Pntring- C : lerk of. ’' i CardsandDice, j7 ‘hn Georg Searchers and Sur-, veyors pf'rCards< and Dice, . ;(8) " ‘ Marker of Dice, 1 Gab- Alters, RiehardFroJl, , Thomas .Williams, ^ | Edward Evans. | Thomas Higginfon, I .Abraham Walton, I. . ... {John Arnold, > each John-Growder, I Uugh miiip, | ■{: Alexander Brodie, j ■ Venders’of Caids,^G!a/i Dice, ! phlets, _ l-tdpibH ; 50 0 t 40 0 c 40 0 0 30' 0 0 .40 o >o 30 0 0 50 0 0 umantmpitto,,,,.:^ Walker --^ Mpeaars r ;of pamf-f -v . ■■■ U M- pHH. n. joy .■■iwi \MWf rnmm N U' 1 ^ 1 ;B ; ;E^ X x 30 I.-“^ja^ (k King’s ; ati#'Servants in Ordiaa^p^ rpHE moll Noble Charles Gentlemen of rie^^wy^- 1 Fitz-Roy, B. of Grafton, Chamber. Lord Chamberlain. ; The Hon. William Finch, Hfq; Sir William Dudley, Bart. t Vice-Chamberlain. • Thomas Brocas, Eiq; The Hon. Col. fames, Pelham, Benjamin Moyer, Efqr . - Secretary. •>, Henry Streatfield, Efq; Ckrhi Maddoehs, Efq; De- Jofeph-Wjndhkm, Efq; puty-Secretary. j •, Robert Hales,; Efq; 1 Mr. Robert Griffin, Firft Clerk. Gideon Harvey, : Efq; ‘ ■ Mr. CbarlesSiijt, Second Clerk.- - William Foreller, Efq; - ; William Burgefs, Office-keeper. ' Sir John Werden, Bart* : JohnMatth'ews, Efq; • Us of His Majefty’r Bed- Sir Ojeorge-Bridg. Skipwith, Chamber. Bait..- ; . Henry Greafwould, Efq; hr! of Pembroke, Groom of Jeremy Sambroke, Efq; tk-Stole. — John Crew, Efq; ‘ fsc/i/Dunmore. Charles Hayes, Efq;. lirl of Lincoln. - - •. Sir ThomasRead, Bart..- Earl of Albemarle. / Thomas Uvedale, Efq; - far/Cowper, v . Mofes Raper, Efq; . y; WPauie’t. ’ Nathaniel Hickman, Efq; Uri Yifcount Harcourt. John Tiyon, Efq; Me of Mancheller. . Humphry Brent,-Efq; -; lari Waldegrave. Richard Jackfon, Efq; Mi of St Albans. ; ' Hitch Young, Efq; far/a/Rochford. . S/rjohn Smith, Bart. % - hri Vifcount Faiconberg. Robert ;, Bpfvile, .Efq;.. „ , V/a/Hoidernefs.- > Thomhf Clark, Efq, . . : : iJqhn’COke.-Efq;- Grooms of the Bedchamber. . V Likletoft-Pointz Meynell, Efq; Bartholomew Clarke,. $fqj , Sir Robert Rich, Bart. - /Edward Oonyers,Efq;.; 0 . ^ 'ff, Son. John Campbell. -, ■ '' &rTkomasCiaY^Baft; ,; 7 ^''' B>n. Col. Waldegrave. - John FredericIcVBift.' 1 ;:'' Hon. Col. Cornwallis. William Sheppard,EfqF“'j. ri i ;! + Co/. Mollyn. . FH Hon. Edvyard 'Fiftth. «y- ' r -IJailiel'lfqughftWj, Efq;' I5&r ^ ■ John Clavering, Efq ;" ’ Charles' Lockier/Eft^ 5 : Co/ow/William Herbert, HenryMditon,Efq;"' • 'V” Sop /, per Ann, each, , Chriffopher Jeaffrefon, Efq; Xif .; • v VT Humphry Humphry Sturt, Efq; Sir Arthur Haflerigg. -Bart f - Robert Apreece, Eft}; Peter Cartwright, Efq; Carew-Harvey Mildmay, Efq; , Samuel Clerk, Efq; Thomas Shallcrofe, Efq; William Stanley, Efq; Richard Dalton, Efq; John Stones; Efq; , Thonas.OrbyHunter, Efq; Charles Sheffield,'Efq; Pierce Starkie, Efe; wimam l aomplbn, Efq; John Burnaby, Efq; Sir Henry,Harper, Bart. Thomas Noel, Efq; Sir Henry Gough, Bart. Samuel Strode, Efq; Timothy Earl, Efq; 1 ** 4m- each, t '- l ' r Camimi'. - GentlensterSevpers, John Hodges,.Efq; , c t-j n Mounier, Efq;.' v, Stephen to™.....,, Francis Wace, Efq; Edward Whitehoufe, Efq- 33?. 6 s. 8 d, per dm, Gentlemen-UJherj' ofthe Priy. Richard Whitworth; Efq;' >v‘ Robert Hemington, Efq; John Cope, Efq; i ' Sir Francis Gierke. ■ zml, per 'Ami; each/ GentkmehUJbers,Daily ' Waiters. Hon. Henry Bellanden, Efr, Blaci-Rod, Henry de Sauniers, - ! ■■■:'■ Sir Edmund Bacon, Bari. l^O’l. fer Aon. tathi Sir Thomas Brand; Knt. m'f E mbeltifier of Litters to tht Eafiern Princes, (so L per Ann. AJJtJlant-Gentieman-Vjhtp. . Everard Buckwortjb Elq;'. , , 4 - 66/. 13 f. ,4^- Grooms of the Prhrj-Chcmbtri ThomasBrereton. Efq; John TiUmqglr/Elq; 1 Robert Tripp, Efq; John Carthewf Efq;’ 33* f jptr'ifefc’ cat Wentworth 1 Odiarne, Efq; Charles Colhtjs, Efq;{ ‘ t Jum Tryij}er,;Efq;.? 11 Edward CapeI,‘E(q;_‘ ' ! ; ’ 'iyl. ptr 4nn. eat Gentlemen-VJhers, -‘Qiiarterlj Waiters in Ordinary^ '■ ' LaWrencpWiight,Efq; gcofciii. 3 »ain. ft* RobertTnpp,.Ejq; , George Bbdens, Efq; taes Eckerfale, Efq; Charles Maddockes,'Elq; • G,A. Cook, Efq; Jofeph Hudfon, Efq; ' ■ 50 /,'fer Ann, each;' . Pages of the Bedrtihaakr. Mr. Abfalom Evans; ~ 11 Mr. Hen. Mich. Evans. 1 •••'- Mr. Robert Matthifon. Mr. Williaro-Ann DeGrave. Mr. John Little. Mr. Thomas Place. - ■ Mr. Hugh Henry. Mr.Simonity Vincent. . • .; Mr. Charles Cromp. Mr. Michael Nevill. Mr, John Humphries, Mr. John Dollingnon. Mr. Benjamin Phillips. Mr. Thomas Matthews. . 38/. 15 /. id.terJtm.eich. hits of the Prefence-Chamher. Officers in tie-Remaning '’ - ’ Wardrobe. James Calthorpe, Efq; ' 'i.jo.A ftr'Jmsj Paid'Whichot, Efq r > Edw. Williams;,ESj;-'{ . 130 /. ferJnnu each. ThomasFilher f Efq; : T ' : . Geo.Bridbeck, E% y.Pngu. Robert Griffin, Efq; J ' 100 /. fer Amt. eaclu Mr. John Collyer. StanJi Wardroh-hefers. Mr. Francis .Shaw. • .. ... ■ q Mr. William Mofely. 4 * St. JamesM, Thomas Sann^ Mr. Samuel Hurft. ders, Efq;: i to l. per Ann. zsl.per Ann.c ach.- At windfor-Caftle, Mr. : Ni¬ cholas Mzm.yfscil.pirAn*. Gmm of the Great Chamber. '• At Hampton-Court, and Keep¬ er of the pri’vpte fodginpsy.' Mr. Peter Jenkinfon. . -Mr. John Turner, 200/. per Mr. John Dupuis. - Ann. Mr. Charles Harrifon. : ’ At Kenfingtofl.'M^ JaneKeea, Mr. Thomas Symons. too/, per Ann. , Mr. William Chambers. ' At Whitehall, andClerk of the. Mr. John Monk.: .Remtevirlg-WardrobefAailhiH Mr. Hugh Steel. - Ryder»Etqj 160 l.per Am* L Mr. John Baker. • ■ ! l Wardrobe-keeper, audi Keeper of Mr. Edward More.. ■ the Royal Apartment at. SO-: Mr.SamuelBlackwta.' ' ' FT- 7 ? .merfet -JHbSfcf . 46l.'per Ann. : eaeh. .Grofvenor, too l, per Ann, -Coffier^earers.. ...I ’ MafieroftheRolts.\ Mn John Geree. Auguftus Schutz;El^f r .: . ■■■■'• Mr.FrancisJEopJadyjot'.* James Mndan^Efai^Msatt.--. •- ill 7 /: 6 d. f 'er 'Antt,:ti&, Mp. PwielTyrelJ, Page. ' ’ Mil VUM^rirAte' '; ••« „ , - Edward Horner, Efqj 1 ':' : WjD,am SmeJt. . . Thomas Coke, Efq; fcdiWJ.WdtewMqr. James Hugonin, Elqr 1 - Joh»,Malket; 0«-i; v Henry Adam. Efq; 1 . . . • ‘ Jof. Smith, Efq; • !", ■ LaunfrefsoftheBodj-Linnen. JohnMafon, Efq; ' I; ,y Mrs. Margaret Purcel. /}t»A tV <■ lie ;• V, „ Slr l eant ai Arm >. &'/*&£ill Smtfin/Si duo, ,n >imLperAnn. . Jephfon, fifoi Siarcbet. drtto. - - ■ A., P Storeber, Atto, . -. , Serjeant at Ami attend LordXrealhrtf M&Sk ^"Kenfington, Sarah Pritr Allen, Bart. Serjeant at Arms attending fa ' tr J • i"-,' ' Houfe of ■ Commons, mUt Treafurerofthe Chamber. worth Odiam, Efy Hon. Richard Arendell, Efq; Serjeant at AmifSrjbiCSni n „ 4&91- 9 ‘‘ per Ann^ London. ‘ Depot} r, Mr. Ant. Pollett, jim. . • s-. Peter Perry, Efiu Cotnptrollerof theChambtr, - * , _. - - ; - Groom-Porter, Charles-tj&ioy Twwias Jones,'Efq; ^ ^ Efq; jyoA ptrtftpC : niqj j;o/. per m. otljOffite. \a Thomas Ball, *50/. Mafter of the Jewel-Ojjic _ , ,<0 . dq-.*« i.'-si 1 1 d. per.Am.- r.j - Vacant.,. ! Colley Cibber, Efq; Tott-hm] _ ~ **at,.iool. I nomas Duieley,', Efq; ; Yeoman*- Hiftoriographer in t .Qrdin'crt,, ' iob'kAS'iupfcAnnA Jenkin-lhomasPhilIim,'i|i! idYeoman, Af^iRqbertlylathew., zoo/. per4m-\ '[ William Cbwper, Elqikmgil- 1 :4«v:perf:Anijr. .Harhingtr^f 1 . Ulr .Jtobert Mathew, Clerk, -41 ... -iT i.'-ii-'-fijt. <%.8 d.perJbm. Mejfengers of the^Gfsat-Chem ^irQgfn^nt.Qowerel,. IGpC . .-.(s George Cowell.*' ’ "i«V r ' Charles Cotterel; Efq; : A00.“ John Bowie. ^ iiN Booklll. oe-G^Mil^fT^iN. Joto Money/'.' 1 ''.'. '' J^eadu Chrillian Kuoni. ,. , Meffer^frsMtendfngtbeCban- JokBill. cellor'of'.the Exchequers -v- jamis Brettall., , . Peter Hili. '.‘ ."v Thomas Learmeth::/. RobertMarter. Mejfenger ofthe Great Ward- JndeStorer.'*' , robe, Mr. Richard Port., . John Over. Miffeng&to Sten^-i^tai- jamesWebfer. Chancellorf Mr, John Graw- RichardPrichard. ‘ v / ford.” ’ 'v;!'>'J' Mr. John Barnard. Mr. John Shore. Mr. James La Setre. Mr. William ;Gorbet/. .-i ■ Mr. John Jones. ,, J'. Mr. Thomas Rawlins.- 1 ' 1 Mr. Henry Buigefi. /, Mr..Michael Felting., , ‘ : ,, Mri Ferdinando Norton. Mr.Thomas jackfdn.' i! Mr. Thomas Vincent. . Mr. Arthur Bradley. ■/ Mr. James Williams. Mr.-Talbot Young. , ' Mr/George Paitt.:■? / /, A ' Mr. Jofeph Abington, fat- ‘ Mr. John Lynei-,, Mr. > John Gregory. Mr.-Thomas jones,;/-' T Mr.i Valentitle Snow: Mr/Jbfli&ThoinpiSn/^'^-' - Mr.jGeorge^Mpmh:™'-^' • Mr^ Edyyard iGlbhi.' t 0 ‘ ( ’ y -^0 defer Injirimeht-Keeper, Afr/William Ndrtoo, x 40£ fen Ann. , Mruirieni*-Maker} Mr. ‘Mm Wallh.,. Organ-Maker,Mr. Chriltopher. Shtiderjjrair. ‘. wl *v ,•.. . Compofer (i lo €&eppmf «Mdte -s Jipjftjj. Cetnfbjertf tie jMttfickfor the .^Q^-ReyatiyDrfGxten'. Gutter v - Wardrobe, Mr. four, Mr. AyljfFe,. >: Taylor of the Robes, George Ciimll, Mr.ThomasTownfend, Rdtell. ...... c v ,aoo l. per Ann. x Keefer ef ibeQrcbardGetit;tu W «f the- Wardrobe, Mr. Channel-Row, Mrs. Dunch. Henry Williams., , Majler of theMechanicks, John 1 tifir -,of,the Privy-Chamber, Smith, Efq;. . • Mr.. Gerrard Howard, 19 A Dijliller, Mr. Charles Collins. 11 i, g i. fer Atm.. ■ r ■ - Pin-maker, Ifaac Peach,. j -.. SirjuBiirSkitmer. Charles JW.CoiinnUn,: Jfcr (tinier in Enamel, Mr. Andreas Jen, Chief-Jiep.ee in- Ejre jfcniy Groth:. ■ of all his-. Mayeftfs.For^, ijiUir, Mr. Melchipr Wagner. Chafes, . Paris, and War- firfumsyMty Will.. Winkle, ' ruts, on the'South Side of ■ WMo.HenryCoulthuril;. Trent.. ... faith-maker, r Mr. Benjamin . . .. Efq; Steward Gray, ,i ;o l. per Ann. ofalltbe Lordjbips, Manors, lid-maker, Mr. Francis Ro- .. Lands,. Tenements, and Ht- Jjjnfon. r. reditaments to the'Manor, of iumjotofthe Pifiures, Vacant. Windfor, and Ctjile- if 200 /. fer Ann. Y , Wjndfot belongingfand of imped Painter, .--iWilJiain all tbt. Courts of Records in ...Kent, Efq; 200/. pfr.A.nn. the fame, 'dud Clerk. to tie liiifmith, Mr. Tho. Minors. Conftable of the faiiCafilt, Jtmlir,. Mr.-. and Keeper of the Seed of;iHk. Bsslfdler, Bookbinder* ...and faid Courts. . .Stationer', Mr. Edward Cattle, Earl of Orford, .Mdfte'rcf’tbe WMr. William. Churchill. Ilarrierf ahd Pox-ftoethds, John Thornhill, EfqySerjeant . 2000 i.perAnn. . Painter of all. bis Majefty’s Duke of St. Alban’s, Governor Works, &c.., . of Windfor-Caftle, Ctmfia- jok .Piiie, Gent, ,Cbitf. En- . lie and Keeper of tWPiu-P, . graver of Seals, Stamps, See, For efts , and Warrsns there, Mejtit-Bricklqyer of, all ibis and Lieutenant of thefaid ihjtjifs Buildings, MraEJit- CaftleSpnd Foreftt..., ■ ■■ -. ooft, ,vyV ,. .N George Berkely, Efq; Mafter, foptr of bis Majeftfis .Library, . Keeper and. Governor..of .St. Vacant. ' Catnerin'eVwarMe'Towtt. dftrograpber,. Edward.IMsy; WPara iKin^cot,,Efq; ?Mdfter ' -.M! 1 . a. , orGoniesmir of tbe tib/pftai of vardtner _«. New-Foreft, in jhe.County of Southampton. Francis Burton, Efq; Recei-yer- Geriiraldf all 'Monies'which : are,: orfiall.be deduSed upon the td. in the PoundTax. TM Robe' and: Charles Pe- tres,- Efqrs. Clerks of the Houfiold, as well vbithin Li- Earl i Woodward, or Woodwind,f his Majejifs'Woods -hfl Uunttes y Northampton and Rutland. ■ Walter Warburton. Gent. Cm. John King, Efq; Out-Ranger tsf his Majejifs Forefi ■ of . Windfor, .6oo 7 . per Anns Mr. Robert Nun, Porter of the ■ . ..Outward Port of his Ma- . jelly's Cajlle of Windfor,- in .. the County, of Berks, 25 /. per Ann. . Charles, Duke of Grafton, his ' hiojefif s - GaineiKieper' at York. .. : . Newmarket; and Ranger of Mu John Ellis, Keeper oftk\ Whittlewood-Foreft,’ in'the 'Lions,\ LioheJfes,- : and 1 ■ County of Northampton. 1 ' pards in'the Tower.' of Holdemefi, Bailiff if Franchife and Libert) if Richmond in the'Ctrnj,f York, and Steward-of- tit faid Liberty, andStemrl of the Forefi gf Richmond, and Mafitr-Keeper, or Chitf Keeper of the faid Forefi if . Richmond,' as alfd-GenjlS or Keeper a/’Middlehain- Cattle' in the faid.Couhtp if _ in Hyett,;Efq; Conflable Tho. Warburton, Efq; CJan- and Keeper of the'Cajlle of '■ ■ teller and Chamberlain of &t\ • 'Glouceffef. M'/--.- -■ • V Counties‘of-Angfelea,- &r- i John Stanifoithj Efq; Recei- narvon, and Merioneth, in ver-General of the Land-Re- -'North-Wales.'- ‘ ;l •w.-i-fT. venues, and. other the Rents Mr. William Jelf, Keefir of tit ‘and- Revenues’of the Crown Gawle, call rfMaGaWleabove vsithin the Counties of York, " ■” ’ ” "" ' Durham, and Northumber- . land, and • Archdeaconry of Richmond, and yLancafier, Wettmdreland, and Cumber¬ land, iSoiyper Ann: Earl of Cardigan;' Warden and . '■ Chi/fJrnRirr the W ood, within -the Forefi if Dean yin the CWfyGIoi- cefter, and oneofthe'Ridinp Forejlers, and Aleconner inlit faid Forefi, and Keeptrof lit ; Gawle under theWood,sWd- in the faid Forefi. ■ Chief-Jufiice - in 'Byte of all Thomas ■ Vifcount Weyinoath, his MajefifisForefis, Parks, Keeper of his Majejifs Pori, ...,-nrr « •• - a//W Hyde-Park. - Chafes and Warrens North of . Trent. .. .. Tho. Meredith, Efq; Ketfertf John Millet, Eiq; Receiver- ■ the Original Seal'for the Cofa • General of the Crown within ties of Denbigh-WMotitgo- the Counties y-Effoc; Hert- • i mery 'in the Princifalitjfif ford, and Middlefex, and ’Wales.-cOtnmon/ycklledCm- •rCity y London, asalfo with- • berlain, or Curfitor. ' in the Counties of Norfolk John Jjopk'III. xij John Williams, Efq; Attorney- . ‘ General of, .Denbigh and ...Montgomery'.' ! l,if Gnmille,Bailiff,of Jerfey. Monk de Saumerez, ■ Bailiffof. , Gucmfey.. ... .. ,. Thomas Rous, Efq; Prothono- , tar) and Cleri of. the Crown . in the Counties of Carmarthen, Pembroke, Cardigan, and Icnn o/Haverford-Weft,flW ■■'Borough a/CaermaKhen. Henry Penton, Efq; Carrier of ■. alibis Majcfyls. Letters and Difpatches between bis Court, ■ on Palace of Refdessce,and the ..frjl Pojlage, or Pofi-Offce, 600 1. per Ann. ■ . •Thomas ViJ'count Weymouth, Chief Ranger and Keeper of - Si. Janie’s Park. Henry Finch, Efq; Surveyor of ■■ Ms Majefifs tybrks. Thomas Walker, Efq; Survey¬ or General ff his Majefys .Honours, Cajiles, LordjUps, ■ forefts. Chafes', Parks,Lands, •• Woods, &c. in. England and Wales. 1 . . Thomas Ripley,.. Efq;, Comp- i trailer of, bis Majefly'sWorks. Bake of Newcaftle, Steward, \ Keeper and Guardian of hist .Majejly's Eoref 0/Sherwood, .■■and the Park 0/Pole wood, in ■ the County ,«/ Nottingham. It. Hon. Lady. Cath. Pelham, Hot/e-keeper of Greenwich- Palace,and Keeper of the Park there. Jhe Hon. John. Spencer, Efq; Keeper o/Windfor Gi-eat and [ LittlePark. ... Duke of Ancader, Keeper of - Waltham Eoref.- ■■.. John' Turner., and Mrs. Mary ■ 'Ti.y\os, Keepers o/Hampton- Court. . ■Col.;. Schu&,:. Warden ■ of... .the ' . Stanneries,. ~ Richard Arundel, Efq; Survcy- ■ or.oftbcGardens arid.Water- ,.1 Works. .•. /. John, Dap of Montagu, jdafler .I’.of. Geddington Cbace,. and- Wor den, of the Wf Bailywic'k ■ in the. Eoref of Rockingham, in rirCoirarys/lNorthampton. John, Earl of Weitmoreland, Warden, of the Eaf.Baily- miici'in the Eoref. of Rpck.- ingharn, in the County of Northampton ; .andhe, and Brownlow, Earl .of. -Exeter, Chief Rangers of tidefaid. Raft . Bailyvnck ; andLord Vifcount Hatton, and . Lady Goring, Chief Rangers of. tbe\ Wejl Bailywick.in the /aid. ForcJl. Duke of. Grafton,. Warden and Chief -Ranger of Whittlewood Eoref.in Northamptonfhire. George, 'Earl of, Hallifax, . Warden and Chief Ranger o f Salcey Eoref, in the Counties of Northampton asiRucks; and Chief Ranger-of Bufhy Park, iti the CountyofMid- . dlefex. ..... I". Earl of: Gainfhorough, War¬ den and ■ ' Chief .Ranger, of Eoref in the County of Rutland, Ralph Jennifon,Efq;ll&/?^oA//'e . Buck-hounds, 2341 1. per Ann. An Alloviance of zo/. per. Ann. . to. the Gentlemen of his Majc- fy's Chapel,in lieu ofg peer. An. Allowance.of tpl.per Ann. in, lieu of the like AHoytsancc formerly made upon great:Fe- . fiivals to his Majejly's. Ser¬ vants, the Kings■ eit Arms, , Heralds, Purfuivants, Sec. ■To the Dean of the Chapel for . 24. Preachers at Whitehall, . . h ... . .y iwho ii4 gitatef. . . 206.0, o faid Chapels-Royal, J TheRev. Mr. Edward Pondage, M. A.asSub -1 0 TheRev. Mr. Higget, M. A. as Conftffor, or t /.• ^ Hoaihold Chaplain, . —- j lo 0 The Priefts and Gentlemen in Ordinary, withtheir refpe&ive Months of Waiting, for which they have each ofthett'a Salary dill.per Anno viz. , ■ , Priefts in Ordinary. The Reverend Samuel Cbittle, The Rev. Ed. Pordagej M< A, M. A. The Rev. Mr. Baity, ' The Rev. Mr. Edward Lloyd, The Rev. John Smith', The Reverend Thomas Baker, The R ev. Jobn Higgett,’ M. A- The Rev. William Pinckneys The Reverend Mr. Evans. The Rev. Mr. Fitzberbert; Maurice Green, Doctor of Mafick, Organiil and Compofer, Mr .Boyce, Compofer, ’ . Mr .Trfroor, Organift. Gentlemen in Ordinary. Mr. Bernard Gates. Mr. George Laye. Mr William Perry. ^a.Jobn Mafon. Mr. David Cberiton. Mr. Prince Gregory. 7 dilot Youngc. Mr. Francis Rowe. Mr. Mints. Mr. Wafs. Mr. Ladd. Mr. Vandernar.. Mr‘Denham. Mr. Savage. Mr. Barrow. Officers ii 6 €I)e^cftRt®tate ; Parti), Officers of the Veftry in Daily Waiting throughout th - Sal. per AnnF- 'Jonathan Smith, Efq; Seijeant ■ Jonathan Smith, Efq; Clerk of the Cheque ' ‘ Mr. Thontat Langhorne, Yeoman • - ■ ... . , Mr. Richard Norton, Groom i William Bailey, Deputy Groom ■To’the Seijeant of the Veftry, for wafting Sur-) plices, (Sc. ■ -. J { To Ditto, for Whitehall - —- Eftablifhment for the Children of his'Majefty’s Chapel Royal. Sal. per Ann. 1. s. I Mr. Bernard Gates,. Matter, to board, (Sc. .-240 0 0 Item, Mr. Bernard Gates, to teach, (Sc. -. 2q 0 0 Hugh Cox, John Bufvctll, William Shatter, Thomas Dupuis, - James Abington, Lutenift to attend c Samuel Champnes, William Monk, Richard Randall, Thomas Houghton, Jofeph Waller. and at all other! Times when any of the Royal Family are pre-. fent, Serjeant Shore - Violift, to attend in the fame ' manner, Mr. Jel- Eell-ringer, to, attend daily, Mr. John Hening- Organ-blower, ditto, Mr. John Ray - Preacher appointed by the Dean to preach at St. James's Chapel during the Abfence of the Court, at one Guinea per Sermon, the Reverend Ed¬ ouard Pordage, M. A.. - ■ Reader appointed for thefaid Time, the Reverend „ Mr. Higgct, a fix’d Salary - The Right Reverend-Dr .-Jofeph Sutler, Bifhop Of Bripl: His Deputy in May, June, July, and Augufl, Mr.-— In September, Oeiober, November,- and December, .the Honoiffl’ h\noAi.TcomJhcnd. ' In January, February, March, and April, Mr. Head. j 0O k HI. 117 Chaplains in Ordinal? to his Majesty, 1747. January, Dr. Hayter, fir. Slewing, D Galley, 1 Mr. derrick. February. Mr. Williams, Dr. Chamberlayne, Mr, Bijcow, Mr. Friend. March. Dr. Barton, Dr. Maurice, Mr. Tottie, Mr. Cornwallis. April.. Dr. Shuckford, Dr. Bullock, Dr. Pyle, Dr. Whaley. Dr. Blomer, Df. Gearge, >' Dr. Berney, ■Dr. Fame. Auguft. Mr . Kilner, Dr. Steadman. Dr. Reg ■Dr. Conifer; Dr. Bucily, Dr. Johnfon, • Mr. Bradfhaigh. October. Regis, Dr. Holmes, Dr. Briggs, Mr. Medluatt. November, May. Dr. Croxall, Dr. drummond, Mr. Caltlrofe, Dr. Hume. June. Dr. Young, Dr. Bearcroft , Mr. Sleech. Dr. Nicolls, Mr. Marriott, - Dr. Potter. December.’, Dr. Cohden, Dr. Richardfon, Dr. %/ft. Dr. Lyttleion. Mi. Hart, Clofet-Keeper » ■ — • To him for waihing the Chaplains Surplices, and other Neceffaries for the Clofet - Table Coverer to the Chaplains, Mr. Nathaniel Grow, at is. per Diem ■ ■■ ■ Lord Almoner to his Majesty. The moll Reverend Lord Bifhop of Sarum. The Reverend Dr. Thomas Wilfon, Sub-Almoner. H 3 WHITE- • 50 o © ; *» S 6 *i8 CBepjefent State ^rtiij WHITEHALL-Chivi l . MrfWsif , , Salaries per Aim. 1. , ttoi?amts:Ricbardfa . } Reading-Chaplains, each 80 < JWr. Merlin, Chapel-Keeper, — ■ to , Mu Philip Bennet, Clofet-Keeper, 5 W; 5 . The Chaplains at Whitehall are twenty-fourin Number being Fellows of- Colleges in the two tlniverfities, and are flowed 30 /. per Annum' each, for preaching one Month in FRENCH-Ch Anthony. Aufere, D. D. J Mr. John Menard, »Chaplain-Preachers, each 160 c JWr. Peter Rockb!a 076 5 4 107 17 6 1092 26 100. o- o " 4003 0'.' -O 4 H: 6 ? 66 13 s .44 6 8 . '. 453,13,; .4 accomptlng-.lgouft. • Yeomen, each ■ Grooms, each Sacfcville Bale, , Arch. Campbell, 1 John Staples, 2 Samuel Shaw, . Edmund Stone, hejjenger, John Wynn, } Chamber- 1 Edw.Billinghurft, J Keepers, J Eiiz, Fox, Neceffury-Woman, 5 o o 2 13 4 2 13 4 73 o o 54 15 o 37 6 8 20 o 0 0 20 #? •aPait^ Sa \.prfAm. Thomas Holland; #/}'; Clerk, . Robert Streatiield, Teaman, William Collins, Anthony Buckner, Wages. ' < Boari-Wafii : ,6 '3 4 ^Gr«s®r,.e«fA 213 JJantrp. ,73 6 8 43 'o ’o' Paul Lingen, Gent, and Yeoman, John HumRon, Yeoman of the j l| 8 it 8 * 48 It io 5 48 n 10I Mouth to the Queen ■ ■ - J . Mich. Heathcote, \ r , Stephen Reynolds, grooms, each 2 13 4 37 6 8' ■ SButterp. Peter Campbell, Gent. - H ‘ 8 i| 48 Vi.iof John Turner, Yeoman. —- Charles Hayes, "J . 5 ° 6 45 0 o" Thomas Lowe, 1 ;> • : , George Pafchall, j ‘Grooms, each 2 >3 4 37 6 i Youngejl Groom, J Cellar. Samuel Towers, Gent. andYeoman, 11 8 >! '48 ti -io| fcctenS } reomen ’ each William Smith, "j 3 0 43 ° 0 David M unroe, 1 ~ , Samuel Clark, grooms, each 2 '3 4 37 6. § , ‘ Toangefi Groom, J James Cockburne/AT^r of the ) Store-Cellar, -- \ .. Spicerp. William Baglhaw, Efj; Clerk, 16 . Confeitionarp. John Eraeneau, l v ‘ 'e Andrew ferre, Reamer, each . \ •Richard Robinfon, Gromit, —■ 2 * CWrp,- William Beger, Gent', andYeomah, 'll 8 ■ 48 II io| 37 6 8. 43 ° » 37 6 8; james iwereauji, / ~ . J^naehan^ayner, ? *3 pjok.ui. sfcMmt&ii 5f $1 n kauiiCjefiL , ' ' - Wafe'e. JSal. fer.'Aitmim, 1 . s. J. Dorothy Philips,' Laundrefs of We \. - Jolle and HoufholdLinnen. - J ■ i&ing’j® #$>p 4 fcitcipn. James Eckerfall, Efq-, Chief Clerk, 44 6 8 Edward Arnold, Efq-, fecdnd Clerk, 11 18 if Charles Brexton, Efq-, } . ■ a j X jirfl Mafler-Cook , J * Henry Lyon, Efq-, fe- 7 _ ■ g 1 _ tied Mafier-Cook, J * Claude Arnaud, Efq-, Mafler-Cook. ■ s-.» John Ayres, "1 Henry Evans, ... . . " Daniel Dirfant,- Women, each 500- Anthony Frolling, J Edward Richardlon, _ Hubert-William I Chambers, I Thomas Griffith, 3 Grooms, each 2 13 4 Joleph Godding, 1' Charles Wefton, I Charles Jordan, Warn Waller, Xoungejl, J CharksPeddy, [children, 1 David Rred, > ± r 200 William Withers, f cb * James Barbu, I Lewis Catour, John Hobbs, YSfourers, \ t 4 Q - Q Nicholas Crouch, J each, J ‘ Samuel Edmonds, } Jofeph Eatwell, (Tumiroaches, \ ' ___ Edward Green, f each J Griffith Garnon, J Edward Prlllen, Door-Keeper, *" . ’■ Vincent Bene, Soil-Carrier, , — flluera'iff William Calhourae, fen. Yeoman 7 • v n of the Mouth, - - } , S.. 6 ° Emanuel Hicks, Yeoman, —^ 56b * 141 Board-Waotr. I s. d. 160 o o :v- >3811101 138 II 10| IOO II lof si ■*>'& 5 5 0 b! 47 6 6| 30 o o 30 .,6...o' 20 o o is 0 0 . 55 0 « Alexan- 5 I** C1 Wag m" t . , „ _ SaL perfAtat. Jpl. s Alexander Labelle, Grcom, James Goodwin John Reeves, .Brighton Caster, Samuel Collins, John Wheeler, J£uc, Norton, • / Tumhroacbes , 1 Charles Wefton, > . > > Robert Crayford, William Thomas, Door-keeper , Randolph Manikin, Soil-tanier, Board-Wag l- >■ I .• 47 ‘6 s ioufljolfcftifoljm. William Ward, E/jr-MaJlcr-Cook, 1 1 '8 ier, 1 int, ( v lton,., 0 > n r ebfter, J Mark Verdier, Leopold Bunt, Thomas Bplton,. Nicholaswebfter, John Baytes, Richard Davis, Edward Moon, George Erancis, Benjamin Brown, Thomas Barret, .'Maurice Roberts, 'tForrefilr Ford, ^Thomas Stoke, ^William Monk, rDaniel Hellaker, ; "ICliff'Page, ' John Rofe, j .Thomas Norman, Door-keeper, William Thomas, Soil-carrieri ' Groom;, each z- 13 4 Children, 1 ■ each C 2 0 0 ' 5 ! 0 0. 47 f> 8 38 o.o ■ 28 0 0 7 urnlrdaches, j 30 ( JohnWhildon, ' John Everit, ^Yeomen, each 5 0 o' O' 0 Thomas-Jones, ... John White, . ..■^Grooms, each 2 13 4 37 6 8 JohnBott, ’ - 3 Icatfrp. ■ RobertWilmot,'£/J; Serjeant," It ••••8 • ,J -'h8'it Henry Powell, Ejj-, foie Cl er i r 613 — 1 , , 3< 6’ ( Jofepb $ok?HI. IS$ Wages. Board-Wages. Sal. per'Ann-. s. d. 1 . s. d. #>« 3&oulterp. * ■ -| ' ; John Skinner, Bfq\ Clerk, - 6:J3 4 . ., 73 .. .6 . $ v George Ackers, Yeoman, - *6 o o 45.0.9' Thomas Webiter, 1 , Lqvis-Aogullus Blon- ^Grooms,'each 3 i 13 4 ■ 37 9 * dean, } , SralBing^oufe- Hugh Parry, Yeoman, —— 500 45 o O ££“•, l^aflrp- John Smith, Yeoman, • —— 5 , 0 o 45 0 0 ]«--* *;» ♦ '»“ William Roberts, Child, — 2 . o .0 33 00 Edward Hodfall, Sqlfqrj-Man, ■ —■—38 o o Jof. Hill, Burner, - " 3 °.'° ° ftculirtp. Yeomen, each' 500 45 0 0 4 “ ^ 6 *' Page/,each 20 o 33 0 0: . CA/Afrw, Mfi a o *o 33' 0 0 Pan-keepers, \ ___ , 0 0 0 . ■ “>‘h. J ■ J William Thomas, Pewter-Scourer, - - 4° 0 ® Sarah Allen, Servant, -- 3* .17 6 HooDrgaro - 1 Edward Parfona, £/« C/w*, • r— 6 13 4 73 OQ Sackville Bale, Yeoman, ■ —r 5 0 0 4S ISB25- *'V» 4 37 *» ' '•/:? Jfartmgerjff. William Poppleton, Thomas Blackman, ' James Cockburne, William Waters, Robert Chambers, Thomas Winwood, William Humphreys, William Taylor, William Rice, Robert Emms, John Wynn, benjamin Bucknall, Ilaac Tunks, tkt €WW0nt^>tdie' Mn 1 $ap6infierff. Wages, Baari-Wam ' Sal .'per Amt. 1. s. d. /, ,‘i Charles Gibbon, Gent. Htrhihgir, 11 8 ' ’ Robert Parfons ■) Thomas Stones, JohnTyler,. Hinry Bright, Lewis-Augullus_ , dealt, J ’arfons ") Stones, | |ht, 1 ugullus Blon -1 .each 506 45 i Ilmoner, John Eddows, Yeoman,-' - j o Thomas Turner,- Groom-, »■. ■_ 2 3Do?terjS at tlje jir Philip Meadows, Knight-Marjhal ,. 1 r. John North, Thomas Cartwright, Edward Huddle, James Calfe, Edward Lynn, Peter Gwynn, ^ MarfhaFs Men, each Board Wager. 26. o o — JO o t Merge.. Robert White, Coroner, . - 61,3.4. . 2 J G. f Jegon Wellard, Clerk, • — m- 6 13 4- ■ ?3 6 8 Junes Sayer, Cock and Crier, - r~— 20 o t? 35jeatt»bearer. Chriftopher Pferinger 4 0 mtine*lBo#er0. H— Molely Bennet, Keeper of the \ ■ Park-Gale at Kenfington, f Henry Godd, for keeping Fire Buckets in Repair, Clift Page, Turncock at Kenfington, — Thomas Rickfoh, Bell-ringer at Kenfington, Charles Parratt, Watchman at St. James’s, , Cleaner of the Sejs-Pools, , — Clark Wincheiier, for feeding and breeding 1 Pheafants at Hampton-Court, J Robert Packer, Cijlern-Cleaner, . t— 26 00 O 0 Q 27 O Q - 30 O O 25 O O ' '** 0 ° 27 7 6 ,io 0 0 Sable 3Dec&crjff. Claude Schultz, to the Lords of the Bed-Chamber, — 26 6 o George Turner, to 'the Ladies of the Bed-Chamber, 20V :b . 0 JonathanRayner,r« the King's Gentlrmcn-Waiters, t3 5'. o James Butcher, to the Officers of the Guard, —■■ 18 5 ' o Nathaniel Grove, :to the Chaplains, - - - " -' - A'S : 5 o ib-riirfituuqaD ■'■■[’ *i?K sm j-, ■ <«\/ .*,•!«womf wi;> '^'■Sdltrbf'tribejffi'tify (ifs^th/iBoard of G'feen-Cioih. 1 ’; Sfrl“jfoiin Skinn?r, ■• Mr. PhilipParfons,i t , fyjj.TilomasSalter, : !*- fofbe Chief Clerk of tie Kitchen,- James Davifon. fi tbi Second Clerk of the Kitchen, Charles Cary. To tbtdlrk of the Spicery, Edward Sailer. ■ $urtepo#r. ■ jhjbmongers, Mary Broughton, Jeffe Turner, , His MAJESTY’S Honour die Band \j i-o i Gentlemen-Penfioners. ’ , . Bali:\hif'‘nripnal';Iiifti^itioa^ Nature',,. J)efi^, an|[ L C^^vf ibis’^dnibunible Band,; .^lhot; bh; moxe: j ( repscfcnttd,' 'thahw'the followingLetter frhm.Lord.C^^flB^^to King James, before he came into England, upon the Death of Queen Elizabeth. „ Mojl Mighty and mojl Gracious Liege and Sovereign, “ A Mong many other Honours and Duties which I do owe “ £\ unto the Memory of my late deceafed Sovereign, “ this is not the lead j that it pleafed Her Majelty, upon the “ Deceafe of my Lord and Father, and who alfo enjoyed the " 3 Bookrflll. of "ia* '■fame honourable Office, to grace me with the Captaiofliip of 'i her Band of.jGentlemen^e^oners ;^w ; hich -Pla<».,?ni JDigmty ''I have,' to ‘this^prefent, enjoy’d:' For the' furtherCpbtinpaqcj: « whereof, I humbly defire'to bnderftand youf NEjelty’s-'ljirec^ « (jon, and withal ! do think it a Mztter agreeable -to myDufyand " Allegiance, plainly and truly to inform your Majefty of the lo- 11 Jitution, Nature, Quality, and Service of this honourable^ Band, ii They are, in all, fifty Gentlemen,’ befides myfelf, Lieutenant, 11 Standard-Bearer, Clerk of the Checque, and Gentleman Har- n binger, chofen out of the belt and ancienteft Families of Eng- " ktd, and fome of,them Sons to Earls, Barons,. Knights, and 'I Efquires, Men thereunto efpecially recommended fpr their Wor- “ thinefs and Sufficiency, without any Stain or Taint of DiiW, “hour, or Difparagement in Blood. Her Majeily, and'other' « Princes, her Predeceffors, haye found 'great Ufc of.'their Ser-' ii vice, as well in the Guard ahd Defence of foeir 'Royd Perfon^ “asalfo infundry other important Employments, as 'jweUCnriJ ‘“as Military, at Home and Abroad ;' infomuch as it hath ferved ‘■themalways as aNurfery, to breed up Deputiesbf “ Ambiffadofs into foreign Parts, CounfeUors of State, jCajp&ms “ of the Guard, Governors of Places, and Comman'ders in the “ Wars, both by Land and Sea: Withal, I cannot omit to fig- “ niiy to your Majeily their Alacrity and Affedtion. wherewith, “ upon the Deceafe of her Highnefs, they did embrace your “ Majelly’s Title and Caufe; infomuch, that upon f 'iny Motion, “ they did moft willingly offer themfelves to a ftrong and fettled “ Combination, by folemn Oath and Vow, to defend and profit-, " cute your Majefty’s lawful Right and Title by themfeiyqs, their “ Friends, Allies’, and Followers (being no contemptible 'Portion - “ of this Kingdom) to the laft Drop of their Blood, and againft “all Impugners whatfoever: With which humble.and dutiful “ Defires of theirs to ferve your Majeily, I thought'it my Part , “ and Duty to acquaint you, and withal humbly defire to know “ your Majelly’s Pleafure and Refolution as concerning rhetn. I " have caufed them to remain all about the Court, with their 11 Rories, Armour, and Men, to attend the Body of our late “ Royal Miftrefs; and being generally all defirous to waif upon “ your Majeily at your Entry into this Kingdom, as thofe that “ would be loth to'be fecond to any in all obfequiqqs,arid fer- ‘ viceable Duties to your Majefty, wherein I humbly, dejire. your ‘ Majelly’sfurtherDireQion. . ... ‘ And even defire Almighty God, &c. Book III. 'izg ,i. To make their Mutter in fuch Harnefs, and other Habi¬ liments of War, and upon fuch Horfes, as lhali be their own proper Goods. , . - , v - . , ... . : 12. Not! to toper with any other Man's Servants in'iieu- of is own, but with fuch only as Ihall be retained with himfelf as ferve the King. , :■■■■'( -Vs 1h Articles, Rules, and Ordinances, made by Kim Henry VIH. King Charles I. King Charles H. and . Bag James IL contain, . .., I. That the Band of Penfioners are the King’s nearett Guard, and are to have daily;Accefc into his Prefence-Chamber. : , II. That none be admitted into the. Band but the Sons of ;lioblemen, Gentlemen of Blood,, and of the beft Families of the (Kingdom; or Perfons, whq by their Yalour and good Conduit in the Wars, have diiftinguilh’d thenifelves as Commiffion-Officers ;in the Army, and ; who Ihall, for the Term of fix Months at jeaff, have ferved at, their own proper Colls, as,Gentlemen at Arms, or Penfioners Extraordinary in the Band. ' i ' i . ? III. That none that is or fhall be a Servant, or.retaiiied to,any Perfon or Perfons whatever, by Oath,. Badge, Promife, or otlier- ■wife, but to the King, Ihall be of the Band. IV. That the Gentlemen-Penfioners in Ordinary, and theGen- itlemen at Arms, or Penfioners Extraordinary of the Band, Ihall be advanc'd to be Commiffion-Officers in the. Army, preferably to all .other Perfons whatfoever. - , " V. That fuch of the Gentlemen as Ihall not be difpenfed with, fliall he. in, the .King’s Prefence-Chamber' every Holiday',' by Nine o’clock in the Forenoon, and every other Day by .Ten' jPClock,- with their . Axes ready, to know what lhall . be com¬ manded them.. , 1 , . ' ' v VI. In, the King’s Progrefs, or other Remove, or wheif he tides, the Gentlemen ihall keep fuch. Places as Ihall be appointed for them. '' ' '■ \[ " VII, They Ihall at all Times be obedient to their Officers, and Ihall perform all fuch Services, as well in the King’s Cham- oer, as in all other Places where it Ihall be the King’s Pleafure to be ferved by them. V 1 IL If any Gentleman-Penfioner jn Ordinary fail in his At¬ tendance, he. Ihall be checqued for the firtt: Default, with the Lofs of three Days Wages; for the fecond Default with the Lofs of fe Days Wages; and for the third Default, with the Lofs of “teen Days Wages. . ./.V.' .' IX. Every Gentleman-Penfioner in Ordinary Ihall have his Axe ootne after him, by a fufficient Man, to the Place where.hfe ought of Duty to bear it himfelf, under the King’s Difp.leafure, and Pe- folty.of the Checque. ' ’ I X. Every 130 €lje#?efetit &fMt , Part II, X. Every Gentleman-Penfioner in Ordinary fhall, whenever he is requir’d, upon fourteen Days Notice to be given him by the Captain, or other commanding Officer of the Band, fufficientlv fbmifli and provide himfelf with three great Horfes, proper Anns and Furniture for himfelf-and two Servants; and every Gentle, man at Arms, or Penftoner Extraordinary, ihall furniih and pro- vide himfelf with one great Horfe, with proper Arms and Fumi- ture, to ferve die King wherever he Ihall be commanded, under the Penalty of forfeiting ten.Days Wages for the, firft Default, a Month’s Wages for the fecond Default j and for the third De- fault, to be clearly expulfed and pnt out of the Place of a Gen- tlejnan-Penfioner. XI. The Captain and other Officers of the Band are always to forefee, that there Ihall not be abfent. at any one Time above hi the Band, and that the other half be, at all Times, in fuch Readi- nefs, that when Warning Ihall be given them by their Officer;, they do repair to the Court, and give fuch Attendance as (hall be required of them. XII. The whole Band are to attend at the four principal Fealls of the Year, viz. Cbrijlmas, Eafier, Whitfuntide, and All-Halim, St. George's Feaft, and the Anniverfary of the King’s Coronation, under Penalty of the Checque. XIII. The accuilom’d Oath is to be taken by every Gentle- man-Penfioner at his Admiffion into the Band. XIV. The Habits and Arms of the Gentlemen ihall be fuchai the King or the Captain ihall appoint. XV. The Band is to be Muller’d, Trained and Exercifed in Military Difcipline, every Quarter, or Monthly< or as often as tie Captain, Lieutenant, or Standard-Bearer ihall think it necedary. Originally the Gentlemen-Penfioners had but 50/. a Year Sa¬ lary, and a Table was allowed them at Court; but in the Time of King James, their Table was taken away, and in lieu there¬ of .they had daily Board-Wages allowed them, amounting to 50/. a Year, which made their Salaries too A a Year, as at prefent. 4 Book III. Of Gii eat-Britain. 13 f A US T of the Offices. and. Band of Gentlemen- Penfioners. The Right Honourable the Earl of Buckingham Cant#*. Sir William Wynne, Knt. Lieutenant. ' P *' The Honourable Harbottle Grimfion, Efq; Standard-Bearer Gurge Turner, Efq; Clerk of the Cheque. ' Sir Andrew Cbadwicke, Knt. Omge Maddifon, ' Henry Allen, William Houghton, htyb Ihorovjgood, Own Jones, Mur Afgill, William Hojkins, Michael Garnault Jihn Blaguey, Jtln Emrr.erfon, mSmitb, Ihmas Pennyng, Witliam Tatam, Jihn Ferrett, William Baker, lAltltgmm Nicholas, Oirrard Hatley, Francis Paddey* Jhlhompfon, Samel Adeline, SAfiury Cade, Efq; Pay-Mailer. Ba t> Gentleman-Harbinger. m.Ikmas Duncomb, Ax-Keeper and Meflenger, Henry LonglanA, Thomas Langley. ■ John Mijl, Mark Cbarouneau, William Tooke, Jofepb Wife, Philip Legge, Richard Wodl, Jonathan George, Jofepb Keeling, David Reid, Edward Combes, Peter Parquot, John Feajl, Robert England, William Deacle, Richard Brown. N U M* i3* Clie^efcnt State Part ii. NUMBER XXXVI. The Officers of His Majefif s Mint. S I R Andrew Fcuntaine, Knt. Warddn. William Cbetw/nd, Efq; Mailer and Worker. The Right Honourable Henry Lord Aylmer, Comptroller. Hopton Haynes, Efq; His Majefly’s Aflay-Malter. John Phillips, Efq; Weigher and Teller. George Selwyn, Efq; Surveyor of the Meltings, and Clerk of the Thomas Hill, Efq; King’s Clerk, and Clerk of the Papers. Mr. Richard Morgan, Gent. Deputy-Warden. Henry Vander Efch,. Efq; Deputy-Mailer and Worker, and Par- Mr. Antonie Pallet, Deputy-Comptroller. , ' Jofepb AJhton, Efq; Deputy to the Warden for profecuting Clip¬ pers and Coiners. Mr. Jofeph Haywood, Maller-Melter. Mr. Jofeph Harris, the Mailer’s Aflay-Mailer. ' Mr. John Tanner, ill 1 Mr. John-Ralpb Ochs, 2d > Engravers, Mr. J ames-Anthony DaJJier, 3d y Mr. - Sand ell. Deputy to the Weigher and Teller. Mr. — 1 Baffet, Deputy to the Surveyor of the Meltings, and Clerk of the Irons. Mr.- Porter, Deputy to the King’s Clerk, and Clerk of the Papers. Mr. John Beresford, Clerk to the Warden. Mr-- fud ,™’} Clerks t0 ^ Mailer. Mr. John Sandall, Porter. Mr. Ruben Fletcher, Dye-Forger. Mr. William Vaughan, Surveyor of the Prefs. Keeper of the Records in the Tower. David Polhill, Efq; George Holmes, Efq; Chief Clerk. N U M; Book III. Of Great-BritAin. 133 N U MBER XXXVII. Mofier of the Great Wardrobe, and his Officers. J OHN Duke of Montague, Matter, 2000 /. ter Ann. nomas Dummer, Efq; Deputy. 'jsh Halls, Efq; Comptroller. [hmas-Lte Dummer, Efq; Clerk of the Wardrobe. Harjhall Ryder, Efq; Clerk of the Robes and Wardrobes m Urnas Dummer, jun. and James Chamherlaone, Clerks in tie Wardrobe. * William Rea/on, Upholfterer, Ibmas Burfoot, Packer. hbtrl Car, and ’Thomas Bell, Mercers. hands Green, Embroiderer. Enamel Haye, Taylor. David Forfar, Hatter. Hm Williams, Joiner and .Chair-maker. John Mallory, Go]d-Laceman. htyejl Hey, Silk-Laceman. Uward Smith, Coffer maker. Stijamin Goodifon, Cabinet-maker. nhr Barbar, Stationer. Fhhard Cooke, Linnen-draper. Hamah Dodfon, Glover. Jth Ellys, Yeoman Arras-worker. John Grant, Herald-Painter. S Hawkins, Pike-maker. t Child, Belt-maker. homes and Mary Williams, Feather-dreffers. ! ' imam Portal, Store-keeper. Jam Bat/on, Setjeant-Skinner. ! toward Port, Meffenger. *. ktntia Gar lick, Sempllrefs and Houfe maid. Bnan Philipfin, Porter. 1 Galloway, Running-Porter. Hr,mas Paris, Hotter. wfaimab Pearce. Cap and Bonnet-maker. 13 N U M- 134 €&e patent ©titte Eatt ii; NUMBER XXXVIII. A LIST of the feveral Officers, and one HmirtA Yeomen of the Guard of his Majefty ’s Body. T H E Right Honourable Pugh Lord Yifcount ) Falmouth, Captain • ■ J 1UD0 0 0 Edward Legrand, Efqj .» . Lieutenant, 500' q 0 Savile Cockayne, Cuft. Efq; -- Enjign 300 0 0 Ditto — ■ ■■ - ■ ■■ Clerk of the Cheque. 150 0 0 Peter Fenoulhet, Efq; "j George Nelthorpe, Efq; J Richard Hufley, Efq; of the Temple, Secretary Robert Janaway, VJher, Thomas Syms, Richard Walker, William Johnfon, John Body, James Arrow, David Nell, Thomas Finch, John Broughton, Jofeph Coggin, Andrew Eales, Richard Vaughan. Samuel Spencer, VJher, Edward King, Jacob Coles, John Kenedy, John Fitzwalter, John Clarke, John Burchall, John Flower, Henry Petkin, William Perkins, Edward Parance, John Lloyd. 3 - James Coppin, VJher, John Wilkinfon, Peter Lawrence, Thomas Wale, William Cooke, Thomas Hoare, John Bateman, Anthony Hayes, David Richards, John Addifon, William Smart, William Kite. 4. Nicholas Gurr, VJher, John Ireland, • William Moodie, Thomas Lowe, Henry Street, Robert Blakely, Peter Campbell, Charles Speed, William Bartee, John Book III. Of Great-B Rtf vT A I N. 135 lota Butt, William Fryer, William Todkill, Thomas 1 Sparrow, Ufier, Hugh Marihall, Richard Marfh, ! Samuel Hurft, Peter Johnfon, William Laberan, Thomas Tweedy, John Tupman, William Baker, John Hooker, Thomas Shipway, Francis Jackfon, ' 6 - : William Coats, Ujher . John Faulkner, John Cookfon, Richard Miles, Samuel Hutchins, George Bambrough, John Haynes, Walter Carter, Samuel Clarke, James Bourne, Jofeph Walton, William Jones. George Dearden, Ujher, Charles Headen, Richard Webb, Edward Talbot, Thomas Cooke, Jofeph Blackman, Richard Morris, William Higgs, Thomas Reefe, ' Alexander Sunderland, Anthony Bufdieck, Jofeph Kendrick. ames Goodfriend, Ujher, jofeph Shephard, John Smith, ; Charles Manche, Jolm Scott, Richard Stephens, Francis Stockton, John Mitchell, Thomas Aylwin, ‘ John Clary, Robert Whitehead, Robert Harris. To each of thefe Yeomen, 39/. 1 tr. 3 d. per Annum. To each of the Ufliers, 10/. 0 o, per Annum more. Thomas Sparrow, *) William Coats, | Nicholas Gurr, I Yeoman Hangers, at to/, per Annum Thomas Cooke, I each. John Broughton, 1 Alexander Sunderland, J James Coppin, 1 Yeomen Bedgoers, at 10/. per Annum William Cooke, J each. Thefe four fuperaiiuated Men have 25/. per Annum each, inftead of Clothes. George Walker, Francis Dawes, John Flower, Daniel Teefs. Chamber-Keepers, Firemakers, and Mejfengtrs. Sarah Goddin, James Whitehead. >36 ' Cfief^cfeiit mm i^d; '■ " N U M B: E R XXXIX.; A LIST of the Officers and Servdnis of bis Ma- ... Jeffs Stables, viz. , Master of the Horse, : •-•*» =• Salaries per. Ann. /. ,, HAR LES Duke of Richmond, Lenox, and } Aubigny y , __*- - _r 1200 I , ■ Gentleman of tie Hcrfe, ' . Honourable William Keppell, Efq; —_ -.-g , Avenai- and Clerk-Marlhal, Edm. Char. Blomberg, EfqjzSo < f Edm. Charles Blomberg , Efq:_ ■ \ Colthrop Clayton, Efq; 7 ' - ' ) William Elliot, Efq; 1 1 John Mordaunt, Efq; I ‘Thomas Worjley, Efq; 1 L George Bridges BrudenellfTaf C William Tryon, Efq; "J Pages Of Ho-J Charles Knollis, Elq; * nour, Y Hon, GeorgeWeJl, Efq; (.Thomas Brudenell, Efq; Equeries oftheJ Solomnn Durell, Efq; V Crown Stable, ( Wm. Frederick StPaul,m ; \ each 2 S 6 < Serjeant of the Carriages, Henry Fojier - ■ Yeoman Of the Carriaoet a*.. Equerries, >each 300 1 [►each 260 1 Yeoman of the Carriages* BaptiJl^May, >—_ ?g < lor of the Highways, Edward Cole, Efq; _ 82 t Surveyor. 1* ' Supervifor^ u. c nignways, ssa-ward Cole, Efq; . Riding Surveyor, Thomas Bo-wen, Efq; _Li YeOmenRiden; i Michael Burton, .J , ■ ' (Francis Sandos, J ?ach 130 c Clerk of the Avery, Solomon Stevenfin, Efq; —_, 2 r c Clerk of the Stables, James Adami Gent —\ Store-Keeper, O-wenMacS-winy .Efq; — 0 t < Efquqe Sadler, Henry Godde, l ■ 93 Yeoman Sadler, Ed-ward Trenwith r :. • ■ . If, , Seijeantfarrier, William Merrick, -V.i . , MarlhalFarrier,' Ditto, . — h Purveyors, and f Ricba r d Buckner ,.. . . ) 3 Gramtors. \WiUiantClayton, " f each ,8 8 < Riding Purveyor, EdwardSedg-wick, Efq; 1 _.200 e B«k0I* ' .1 Sal. per Ann. 1 . t. | Somerfet-Houfe, I ,| Samuel Thornley, v at St. I . | James's,. | Sable-keepers, ■{ John Hobbs, it Kenjirigton, ^each 36 ( | Henry Cbelton, at Hampton- J Court, [John Turner, at Newmar- ■ t fa. . ; ’ Alexander Bofs, Stephen Crow, William Colei . William Darlington,' David Cocks, ■ . Twelve Foot- 1 George Fotbergill, each 53 1 men. I Henry Forbes, ‘ I Anthony Midkurjf,-- - .. . .. .. \ John Cliff, , : I George Payne, . Francis Marjh, ■ IPeterMarJhall, i.. C Bernard Mowinckle, Body-" | y Coachman, FourCoachmen,< Oake, -each 65 T Edward Holloway, (.John Sandufin. . I { George Kilburne, Thomas Brooke, John Pecey. I William Howcrofi , ) William King, ’’ J John Creucher, (_William Harratt, 'Chrift.Bayesi 1 - Tho.HorJemani X Hump. Curtss, V^Horfe f ' | Will. Matey, \ | W.Collinridge, 2 V' J |: Tbo. Fowcather, IJofephBudd. . Hobby- 138 TO pjefent £>tate Sal. per Ann. C George Hailes, \ ' Hobby-Grooms, ^'William Lucas, Veach Ijobn Wilkinfon, ; ) ; Bottle-Groom ‘Thomas Cape, -- - Gentleman-Armourer, j James Barbar,. . . Page of the Back-Stairs, Crufcophilus Chitty, — Porter of the Mews, Euan Bowen, . - Meffenger, ———Sweet, -— ‘Thomas Panton, Efq; for keeping fix Running-) . Horfes at Newmarket, ——— J At Hampton-Court, ( Thomas Smith, > , two Studd-Grooms | Cuthbert Slott, J i jafper Smith, T James Gregory, I Matthew Robinfon, f John Coats, J NUMBER XL. Commiffioners of his Majeftfs. Board of Works, mi all the Officers thereunto belonging. T VLB.Hon.Hen. Finch, Surveyor of his Majefty’sWorks, Thomas Ripley, Efq; Comptroller and Surveyor of hisMa- jeity’s private Roads. . William Kent, Efq; Mafter-Mafon. Henry Flitcroft, Efq; Mailer-Carpenter. Denzil Onflowe, Efq; Paymailer. Ifaac Ware, Efq; Secretary. Clerks. ’John Strouhridge,B(s\yC]akfC.\etk of theWorks.andGlerklngrofa Thomas Kynafion, Clerk of the Works of the Tower and Denwl• Houfe. . * - JohnVardy, ditto at Whitehall, St. James's, Wefimin/ier. . Henry Stallard, ditto, at Richmond' and Kew. 1 Thomas Du Bijfon, ditto at Winchefler. Ambrofe Payne, ditto at Newmarket. Stephen Wright, ditto at Hampton-Court, Henry Joyncs, ditto at Kenfmgton. Richard Biggs, ditto at Windfor-Cafile. : James Payne, ditto at the Mews. Roger Morris, ditto at Richmond-New-Lodge. William Robinfon, ditto at Greenwich-Palace. Ifaac Ware, Clerk to the Board, and Clerk-Itinerant. •. Thorns Kynafion, Clerk to the Comptroller and Faymafier. Book-Ill. of n. 135 /< Artificers by Patent. , fiiiiiW Hewlett and Jofeph Pratt * Mallef;Bricklayers. •jtr.11 Richards, Mailer-Carver. : - ■ jithrd Minns, Maller-Glafier. '' ^ VaSmallwell, Mailer-Joiner. ' " ■ if/juraMj-Seijeant-Painter. to rgeWorral, Maller-Plailterer. JikDtaiall, Seijeant-Plumber, and Keeper of the Waters" at Hampton-Court. JJjmj and Robert Hardy. Purveyors. Other Artificers. flmy and Richard Stenton, Bricklayers at the Tower, Menus and Jt In Barnard, Carpenter at the Tower, Menus, andaf Windfor. Jsk Philips, Carpenter at Whitehall, St. James's, Wefiminfier, wiKenfington. * . i . Mans Rice, Carpenter at Hampton-Court. William Fenner, .Carpenter, at Windfor. ■ lihn Davis, Clockmaker. Widow Newjham and George'Ragg, Engine-makers. heard Philips, Engine-keeper at Whitehall, dories Mafon, Engine-keeper at St., James’s. Urn Mills, Taker-care of the Water-Engine at Windfor, that fupplies the Caftle with Water. Clarlts Came, Glazierat St. James's, Hampton-Court,Kenfir.gtrm, Richmond and*j&xt\ Inland Davis, Glazier at. Windfor. Gurge Marfden, Joiner at St. James's and Hampton-Court . , Surge Dixon, Joiner at Windfor. Hinry Keene, Joiner at the Mews. Jams Arronu, Joiner at Richmond. 7 f®“ Hall, Joiner at Greenwich. Kip Rind, and Richard Molineux, Iron-mongers. mkas Rat ter fin. Mat-layer and Turner. hirers Jelfe, Mafon. thoms Windfor, Mafon at Windfor. mmasAhhot, Painter atiJrVWrfand Menu. mmas Phillips, Paviour. Oirge Wefton, Plaifterer at Dcnmark-houk. mas Clark, Plaifterer at St. James's and Hampton-Court. . James Holmes, Plumber at Windfor. Jofepb Kelharh, Pump-maker. . fjarnin Holmes and Thomas '«FW,BIackfiniths. John Davis, Blackfmith at Windfor, ' ' Kard Hughs, Slater. ‘. Mmas Walker, Tinman. ■ John Penyer, Office-keeper. €&e Patent &tate Officers belonging to bit Majejlfs Royal Gardens. Hon. Thomas Harvey, Efq; Superintendant of his Majelty’s Gar dens and Waters. { Samuel Mil-ward, for St. James's and J&, fington. George Lo-we, for Bampton-Couri. a Thomas Greening, for Richmond. John Kent, for Windjor and Nevimarht /, NUMBER XLI. Lords Commiffioners for executing the Office of Lm High-Admiral of Great-Britain and Ireland, witb the Principal Officers under them , &c. Lord Fere Beauclerk. George Lord Anfon, William Vifcount Barrington, Welbore Ellis, Efq; John Stanhope, Efq; Thomas Corhet, Efq; ) John Cleveland, Efq; J Anthony Ryan, Efq; Sollicitor - Clerks. Andrew Ram, —— J. Milnes, - J. A. Borradale, — G. A. Burehtt, — — C. Fearue, — E. Philips, — — T. R. Blankley, — - Salary per Annum. 1 . s. Secretaries, each— 800 g Extraordinary Clerks. y each, per Annum. • — 5° Book III. of Great-Britain. 141 , Aifiilants to ditto. Salary per Ann. 1 . s. d. fjedy, '- 40 O o g Meats, Porter, -■ 30 0 0 lathitl Further, Houfe-keeper, — —. — 40 0 o lliitletbjohnfon, Neceffary Woman, -- 25 o o Three Watchmen, each fir Ann. — — 20 o o Gardiners, per Ann. —— — — 30 o o mZ,JS 5 T of the Flag-Officers of bis Majefifs 1 Fleet. talG H T Hon. Sir John Norris, Admiral of the Fleet. NUMBER XLII. Sir Chalmer Ogle, Jamis Stuart, Efq; Hon. George Clinton, William Rowley, Efq; William Martin, Efq; Ifaac Townjend, Efq; lord Fere Reauelerk, Lord Anfon, ^. ferry Mayne, Elq; 1 ^ Peter IFarren, Knight VVice Admirals of the White. of the Bath, 3 Hon. John Byng, Vice Admiral of the Blue. I Admirals of the White. ^Admirals of the Blue. | Vice Admirals of the,'Red. Henry Ofiorn, Efq; ^ nomas Smith, Efq; C Rear Admirals of the Red. thomas Griffin, Efq; 3 . Sir Edward Hawke, Knt. 1 William Chambers, Efq; f Rear Adm!raIs of the White ' Charles Knowles, Efq; J Hon. IdwfrdBoJcawen, } Rear AdmiraIs of the BIue - A 142 C&ew&tt State Part NUMBER XLIII. A General L IS t of the Captains of His Maft^ Fleet, with the Dates of their firft CommiJJm Captains ,from which they are allowed to takefcj NAME'S. TJ Ichard Haddock JY, Bennet Allen' ■— Richard Hughes — Charles Smith — Humphry Pudner ■ - Robert Harland *- Walter Piggot - James Gunman — Charles Brown —— Thomas Jacob Philip Vanbrugh - John Fletcher - . Sir Edward Blacket, Bart. Robert Harward Tyrwit Cayley - Edward Falkingham Francis Hume — Alexander Geddes Thomas Willyams Francis Blake Delaval William Davies » ■ ■■■ • Humphry Orme — John Weller — Matthew Confett . - Samuel Brathwait — Francis Danfays -- Samuel Mead ■- William Miller — William-Henry Fleming Ifrael Sparks —:— Cornelius Mitchell John Wingate ~— William Party — JohhTowry —— Edmund Williams John Durell - - James Compton *— Nicholas Robinfon —— 27 Feb. - 19 April - zZfan. — a; Jan. - 26 July -- 9 April 't 'April J - 18 April : >?)> — 7 Nov. ... m — 2 April m —- 2'Nov- 1 W - 1 ,.Dec ' 7 ! _ 8 May >75 look III. Of Or NAMES. fhomas Trefufis rioinas Fox — - jjicourt Mailer ' Wes Watfon igbyDent topleWeft ieoige Pocock llomas Cooper Ion. George Townfhend iinund Strange [ohnWynnel leter Lawrence bes Rycaut fames Lloyd lavage Moilyn ’mnpis Holburne ienry Harrifon idward Peyton fames Rentone Iobert Allen ■ Fhomas Cotes — rVaiiam Lille alatthew Michell rbomasLimeburner Iobert Pett f — bad. Thompfon •— Fhomas Frankland lany Powlett -harles Wager Purvis l.H.L. Mon. Bertie ’eter Olbom bloraon Gideon — Iobert Maynard toger Martin harry Norris lenjamin Young Ifa Holcombe licbard Hughes — Ion. George Murray licbard Edwards h William Hewett, Bart, -barles Colby ■■ ■ ..^.a iatbaniel Watfon — ■ lenry Swayfland - h'vid'Cheap -_ f®. John Hamilton — ^Ward Herbert —— ; a,t-Britain. 145 SENIORITY. 144 NAMES. John Brett —— Thomas Brodrick — Daniel Hore — — ■ Thomas Pye —— —— Henry Godfalve — — Henry Ward . — . • — Henry Dennis — Benjamin Fenwick €&* Patent State • ■ :SE N10 R}<[p — 2$.March — 25 March '• ; ,jl, — .0 April: U .,'*, - 13 April'. . -,74, —> 1J May ' 8 Jme> George Cockbume-- 11 June Thninae Tnrtw _ _ — - ■ Thomas Tncker — Charles Hardy ■ ■■ ■ — . Sheldrake Laton -— Rt. Hon. George Earl of Northeik Rupert Waring —— Hon. Henry Aylmer — Charles Saunders . — — Robert Young *— JofephHamar — John Lovett — Frederick Rogers Thomas Lake — Hori. George Dawnay — Charles Steevens John Pritchard Phillip Durell ■ — Charles Holmes __ Elliot Smith 1 — Samuel Cornilh — Sir Charles Molloy -- Philip Carteret •— Thorpe Fowke - Francis Geary -- John Crookihanks m James Hodfoll ._ Smith Callis —_ John Wickham , Geprge-Brydges Rodney Robert Erikine Merrick de L’Angle William Burnaby .William Fielding ' Edward Dodd Samuel Goddard John Pitman. Peter Toms Richard Watkins Thomas Sturton .7 J°b : 25 Aug: s& : . 18 Sept. 26 Sept: 1 03 . 2 Dec . rM 1 ■ 8 Feb. ’ ■ 24 Feb’. ■ 28 March 8 Jan. 11 Jew. c Feb. 6 Feb : 20 Feb. 25 Feb. 12 March 6 April 10 May 24 May yo June i July 2^ July - 9 Augufi - 1 Nw; 9 Nm: 1 13 Nov. 13 Niro. 9 Dec. ■ 11 Jan. ■ Zf-Ja*. Polycarpus Book III. of Great- . NAMES. Polycarpus Taylor Janes Young William Marfh -■ •. Edward Pratten. 'Britain. . 145 .v- senior nr. William Boys John Watkins • . - Arthur Scott /Warwick Calmady Peircy Brett ■ Charles Powjett Charles Catford John Moore , ' Richard Tyrrell JohnSimcoe, Richard Chadwick Frederick Comewall Rt, Hon. Alexander Lord Colvill Rt. Hon. Lord T. Bertie James Douglas Thomas Hanway George Elliot Thomas Harrifon Edward Spragge Edmond Toll . . Richard Collins Thomas Mogg Blnmfield Bariadall Ormond Torrifon ■John Bentley ■William Gordon Hon. George, Edgcumbe Robert Swanton ■Thomas Somers Lachlin Leflie ■James Olborne ■William Parry ■John Hardy Richard Haddock John Bowdler Patrick 0 Hara Coningiby Norbury _ , Hon. Auguftus Keppel John Amherft. Hon. Wilb'am Farmor, .Edward Rich >74+ >744 >74+ >744 >74+ >74+ >74+ >74+ >74+ »7++ >74+ >7++ >74+ >74+ >74+ >74+ >74+ >7++ >7+4 >74+ 1744 .. >74+ if&Ki! 22 Fa. 17$ 9 Mari£ L ^}- ijh 9 Mfircf 1 --- } z Jtril ' ', 74 ', lzJ /r tl '745 1 *745 2 3%V : ' .»745 27 May ■ \u, 28 May 1745 '*745 1 #; II! 12 M.;’ *74! IJ 7 f .1745 20 7 bA’. ' Zljuly • izAtg. 146 , p? §tate n ' 0 \$JMES. ,, jENIORlTr Richara'Jafw" '** “ Hein. 1 Arch.lStuih'; ” ' Etlrhund Homo . Arthur Forr& C' RtthSrd Tiddemkn ' Robert Hughes' Hugh Bonfoy'-",' Ttijidthy Nucella . Robert Jefferj* jibh; Williaei; Montagu* Arthur Garduies' Lionel Damet johtiLloyd Robert Man - " . Clark Gayton; Roger Adams. ■ Thomas Stanhope John Hume . {£07 Rofewell Juftinian Nutt'.'.' JohniOrme Samuel Mailterfon John Hill Henry Colby Henry Dyve William Bladwell. John Barker Richard Spry. Thomas Noel John Weller ; John; Fowler Lircius OBrien Thomas Finiher Hon. Williarh Bateman John Montagu Abel Smith V ,; Cotton Dent'- ; Charles Knovvlet WSfiam Hatindft Thoinas Craven- Thomas Allifoin,'; Robert Harldhd _• Edward Falkmgliatn Thoinas Innes Jehus Henry Porter Hon! Richard IJowe Andrews Jelfe iffiA 14 Anil 174? Waflungle" ' ' ' ft 4 ME. S. Walhingfoir Sferfejr ' — Samuel Faulknor — John Douglas' ’ / High Pigot. - - JolianLegge ., v ; Moiineux Shuldliam — Robert Wellard. — James Webb..' ; ; — Ahthony Kerly, • - Henry Huilh — John Cokburrie. ' ~ Joleph Knight' — Thomas Knowler OBrien Dudley. John-Vaughan',; —- JohhLIoyd Charles Proby ~ Robert D John Reynolds' Frederick Hyde' Hugh Pallifer *' Charles Wray . 3m. John Byron Hm. Aug. John-Hetvey. George Mackenzie Mathew Bartott Peter Parker Patrick Baud' Richard Gwynn ft». Samuel i&mhgton • Mariot Arbuthnot' Riotien Roddam’• Sateiiel MarlMl. William Cuft ; '• William Brett .. Robert Afkew . William Saltern Willett Matthew King; “ Thomas HowfHuchenfon John Campbell ' ' Chrtflopher Hill - James Gambler Michael Everitt William Lloyd', ' : - Jtmfes Scott'' ’''yV 1 - RTA1N. 47 _ - : sE ^ mR { irr. ' • ^Afkft /1746 -— 21 v ■ ‘ ; 1746 iltfli -- ItMity • ... 1746; - 31 Wary - ..,746 -- 2 S Jm, e iW -- 2 . :v'« l 7 # - ,2 Jf . » - ‘9 J“b .J' 74 & - 3«3ty 174$ “ 11 . ,1746 - 1 . 74 ®. - u Aug... . 4 746' *- 4 ;•.'. 1746’ ——- > 7 5f /»-’ 1.746 -—< 6 OS . ; 174(5 -- 2 3 ft"ftijftS — 30 05 .. . . . '1746 —n fc. " 1746 •— 2c Nov. " " . a745 — 9^-: «74f - ■ a 5 7 «»....1746 —— 2^an. 1746 -- - 6 ¥f y ;*747 -- 27 i%; .. .1747 - 2 7 A%.. .. >747 ' 2 9 *%, ; • W ——• ii.June ,1747 — 9^;; ^>747 — >8 • - «747 - 18 s *7-4.7 -- 214«f.;,,, ,1747 — JisU. — 23^ .*747 - 2 3 ^- ; > 74 f . — 5 ^*: 1747 “ 5 £ ,f - ■, ■ * 747 — 23 •; j.747 ~ 12 7 ?»., t 747 i# ^6f#ieTcnf®tatev MASfRRS and C 0 MMAlf-DE R S. : - NMMES. I A Avid Ur'ry I 1 John Boyce SirGe orge Stewart, Bart. Richard Thomas John.Dumarefq Ralph Archbould John'Cooke.-, joho Beft . - ! James Gafcoigne L’Elirange MOrdaunt John'Strutt .'■■■ IfaacBarnard - — ■ Silvelter Kennedy. .- John Will yams''. .. — ’jrkpmas Pellatt ’ _ — Abraham Gould . james Broadley' ; Chriflopher Middleton Charles Wimbleton '. James Newnam [■. John : James Gaches. John Opie ‘‘ —■ Arthur Upton. Willjam Parkinfon john Willfon/ . Abraham Duncomb Thomas Hemming Fyfield Coe. William Drake •. . Henry Marfh’. . Edward Clark 7 David Brodie ' ' - Matthew Buckle James Campbell •: . William Thomas Edyrard Keller, ’ Thomas Hill - , - John Loving • ' — John Armiger; • • : ' - William Kinfe/V : Thomas Cleland George Tindal , 4 03 . ■ 8 Nov. >. ■ n> ; : ijan) '• rijan. SNoai .. 5 Mr/ 2bSipt. 1710 ■mi ■ 1728 ; ' *735 >735 I March- 1735 1 March 1739 — z8 April ' ‘1740' 1 - rtjuly "-*■ 1 *749 > 740 ' — 5 March, 1740 —— 5 March 1740 — *3 April 1 1741 — 29 ilfey 1741. — 6 June : > 74 ! —' 1 Sept. 4741 — 18 Jan:' 1741 — 10 Feb. V1741 11 March 1741 — 16 May 1743 -1 iM«f- '..>7.43 — 18 0743 — 6 March 1743 — 14 April >744 >744 - 16 July r- 4 Stpt. - n03. — — 20 Ndii. — T 2}. Nov. >744 — — 12 Jan. 1744 “7. — 28 Jan> .1744 — 13 Feb. 1744 — 20 M; ' v >744 — 11 Mqrth, >74 . I a March- ■ 1744 Book III. flf Great-] NAMES. Jk Richard Barry ’ Thomas Blofs — ThoraasDove'- — Richard Carteret — •Philip Tom . — Richard Farilh — Charles Brown — Thomas Knackllon — .Thomas Latham — Nathaniel Stephens — John Hyde ■— Edmund Townley — Charles Upton — Thomas Wells - — Jofeph Soanes — Jonathan Ruflel — JohnRowzier — . Henry Barnfley — — - Atnbrofe Seccombe —— a Parker — Fortefcue Warren Belitha — Stephen Colby — John Knight ■ - — Peter Robertfon ' " — Leonard Marfhall Edward Jekyll Leonard Bellamy William Pettigrew William Brown EliasBate . ~~ John Store ■ — Gilbert Yotmg . Robert Grant ■ John Legge - Carr Scrope John Evans job Veale Mark Millbank Jervis Maplefden William Prefton *74 5 *745 *745 *745 *745 *74? *745 ’ *745 ■Britain. 149 SENioRirr. \ —M April' — — l8Jl/ay — i 8 May — *9 ^ —•• 19 June — 2 $ June — *2 July , /TJ , ~ \\ ^ ■* 1745 — 2 ‘ 74 t *745 — 26 Augufi - — 26 Augufl — 30 Aug. — 27 Sept. ■ — 3 Dee. — 27 Decl — 2 7 Dec. — 10 Jan. ' “ *3 .Jan. — 28 Jan, - 150 QM apiitcii, • 1 ■ a ~WMt E S. - - is & SEiNIO R in ■Wn HoHw/aHi. . William Hottwrae • --— zt AMD ,.,^21 .Edward Barbar JdtaHale>; • — ' 18 •«■:!?« Edward Cridcttt ; George Vachell .James Hackman Richard Edwards ; {Charles Balfour • -Vincent Pearie, . Robert Wilfon {Thomas Hatibuty 'Thomas Saumarez Matthew Whitwell •Edward Vernon John Ballett -George Hndfon Edward Le-Crafs « if ■' -W - 5 W _■— — - II Sept; . - -- Sept: , :,1 7 » - 23 Q»;.. - 23 Nw. ; ,747 - 5 P«. 1747 - r8 ?«*• > 74 ? —* *6Feh.‘ : 1747 - 24^. 174/ N U M B E R XLIV. ; 'AGeneraJbfS T of the Lieutenants ofbisMajejjfs .; Fleetywitb the bates of tbeir jirji Commifim. ' fiTllKam Cut —. ;:,W GegigeCrowe — Henry Powgr-N SirThomaifJLpnguevilfe, Bart. William Mabbot ,-To1in Market^ . .William EUwker . .HenryOlborne .Matthew Fbrtefcue — .Richard Stevens .John Weargit ■ Nathaniel Qrris, /Roach FauHmor .Charles fjrcfc‘% .{John Warden 7 ! . Wiiliam'Reed !' _ xAlexanderilfiEchell Thomas'J3edforil —— ll May. . 1^9 —— l March li: -- 14 Dec. ■) : • 1-170? - iJum -»70J - I y April. -': ■ .:i"M -r— l 6 05 . . J/ll — 26 03 . ' •: -1714 —— 6 June • . :: 1719 - . 4 ?April: ip — - 12 April: . .. IJM - zq Maf-.i -up - Z^yJrtKt' . irJljW - zo&as wT.oip —^ .aasgrwK Kisil-ifrf - 2%'oa. n imp - ibja *. -1! 1717 - 14 Junci^A - 15 JtMti- '5 •••1731 Willi® Booklll. ysjrt ■; :. o', mi. ME S. ,?, a V-.S.BjKl 0 R ITT. filliam-Henijr.Mafelwy - - 3 $?&/IioH r#H* •William Colliks :. • • - - - - -$. 3 &ttk 'John Watfon,'. . .. —- : ■ 2 M&chxhvMlZ George Grant .. . — * tyfrfk &?rv9^S3 . -William Gallbway ——- 2 M«rcb\ y i\ Hugh Forbes ; ■■■ ■■ ■ - 13 March;, ,17.33 -Robert Kerr ... -■ ■■■■■■■ lo Marcb [■■■■. Robert Robertfon ■- $'May ? .1735 Henry Page — 23 June ■ .1735 E i Monyp'enny — 17 05. 1735 le Williams — 27 July 1736 James Kinkaid — ^ojiily 1736 ■John Brand' -- 1 A P*l’, 1737 ■ Thomas Griffin — 26 April -*:•■*.-*•737 William Baker — \Mayl.. -173S Thomas Baker • —— 23 A&j>' .• ..-. J :l738 Jonathan Williams — 29 Nov,\: • .1738 Abraham North — 2\Eeb. - ' 1738 Thomas Ruffin ■— 2 April- ' 1739 George Hill . — 25 Jml tt-v-<789 Henry Angel —— 2$ June 1739 Hanover Heme • - — 3 7«/y. 1739 William Powlett — ^ 2 July 1739 Alexander Innes ■ — .26 July 1739 Charles Davids - — 14 Aug. ■ 1739 John Eeles . — 1.4 Aug. ,, 1739 Nicholas Cooper ' r — 31 17.39 Robert Baynes" ■. p.Aug,: v.a R739 John Brown. — 31 Aug. 1739 [Irancis Arundell . — Si 3 ihigcV}\ 7*739 Richard Davis — 3 i Augi i \/ ?739 George Ryalll — 31 ^pr a *<”1739 ;Richard Matthew ' • w . ti'-Sephr.vr 1 •’ 1739 "John Sbirel-v'. » — io.SepM *739 John Donkley' • — 12 Q5^iulv . .1739 Peter Cowe-7 .. - —1.1 AWv! 1739 Sjmpfon Salt' . — — 16'NevPS'j yi.’17-39 Edward Robinfon -- -- — 4'D^h. v/sjli;:i739 eBeft Mihell. . ■ — 4 Bros?. harr-’-f 7:39 Mer Hebden — 22 Juft:?.- ■<> :: i739 "Robert Coleman . — 5 &£l H«:iU739 Thomas TrenWith • — te Jrfc'sl *117.39 ■ William Hackman, fen. — li Feb. fi wr.i'j 19 -George Ireland 0. •- — 25 FefctcW M739 [■Arthur Vaughan — 1 Mdr'tb- 4739 John Neale John Batkock' — \Mafib ~ 4 739 '■ X 4 Samuel .m State Part il ::n\^..E Satpuel Graves Charles Greenwood Robeyt Mafon / 7 William Long;', James Strahan' Roger Jones , , Samuel Pitchford Penhallow Cuming . John Williams William Beale William Manwaring ■ Robert Taylor. . Francis Wyatt Robert Arnott. James Wager jofeph Roberts 'ftp. .Woolley Pickering William Mantell JoHnMoore Humphrey Rawlings Eber Elwall ' ? William Cooper . James Cumming John Bray, fen. •. Richard Blighe Edward Hughes William Leaver Thomas Smith, fen. James Donaldfon George Durell Francis Steward , Alexander Bruce . Francis Nicliolls John Rankin’ John Tubman Charles Baker Sampel Coachman Jofin Saunders. James,' Burcheg.... Michael Taylor. . Thpmas CroffeJ .. Ric'hiird Kenipenfelt . Johp Bifliop',.-- ', James. Hobbs.'' Jamps; Randell ' ...' ’ * Jamps'iCooke,' S ENIO R IJf ■ 3 Mare6 « ■ 4 Manb;^ - 4 March . .' 17.™ - $ March : mm,. - 4 March r .^ - 4 Marebl. : lyin’ 4 March'' ■ if $ - 4 March \ , 739 - 4 March. 17.3^ ■ \.March' ryjj • 13 March 1735; • 4 April 1740; ■ «o April . : 1740 ■ 2l A ril - X 1V> ZMay -,740 8 ^ *740 '740 ’ *740 - 1740 :174m * 74 t>- ■ 1740, ■ 1740 : :174b' •: *749 * 74 ° . .,I 7 .J0 • * 740 . ,■1740' a: 1746; ’■ *740! 8 May ’ 2 May 2 May. June 1740; ' ; '* '740; '740; J74 9 : *74°) Book SI. OfGjlEAT-SRITAlN. I53 • • •. = NAMES. SEitlORITr. 'loBsLafinbjr'AH , - Jacob Read frauds Saunders - ■ t David Edwards' f Edward Mountford John Hanlon v' William Mawmah Wiliam Griffith . • Thomas Fol ey,/ea. William Cowan Thomas Hankerfoa JohnClark- John Moodie James-John Purcell Richard Brown . James Hume : Cornelius Smelt Wiliam Burr Wheeler Hoult. John Hatch Edward Medley Robert Craig hul Lovelace WIiam Chads Thomas Frafer Peter-Franklin Brooking Thomas Churchill Wiliam Stewart > John Roberts I William Bennett Mark Tiddeman James Ericks Pierpoint Walton Thomas Oakley ■ Jofeph Willis Samuel Powell • Reginall Cock - ■. William Jacobs Robert Middleton JohnSelden -i.. John Lacey >■ ■ Alexander.BIyth . Thomas Andrews John Dennis Robert Miller Alexander M'Cartie Salkeld-Johji Proflor 2 Feb. ’ 2 Feb. 2 Feb. 2 Feb. 2 Feb. 2 Feb. 2 Feb. 21 Feb. 21 Feb : 21 Feb. 21 Feb. 21 Feb. 21 Feb. 21 .Feb. 21 Feb. 21 Feb. 21 Feb. 21 Feb. 24 Feb. 27 Feb. 6 March 6 March 6 March 13 March 13 March 17 March 20 March 26 March 27 March 27 March 27 March 4 April 13 April 13 April 13 April 13 April r3 April 13 April t4 April 14' April 17 April 21 April- 25 April 27 April 29 April *74° 1740 ‘74? ‘74° ‘74° ‘74° ‘74® 1740 1740 •74° ‘74° ‘74° ‘74° ‘74° *74° ‘74° ‘74° ‘74° ‘74° ‘74° '‘74° 1740 ‘74° ‘74° *74° 1740 '74° *74° '■‘74° ‘74* « 74 ‘ ‘74‘ 1741 >74‘ '74* *74' '74* *74' 174.x *74* *74' *74' ■ *74', *74* '74' 1741 *74' 354 ©tatfco 't D1 & 0 \NJ.ME S. • 5 r, 'Jl .F M m „ ^£N1 qri t1 - 6 Mg* s;.^ _ l 1 ^- r;- *» - 3 9:^ : .174 - * 9 % • . 74 -- 3°% t?< -- 30% 174, — ^jum-... ,;J! - 12 Jmc .. 1 ?4 -, - i87««. - 2 +^"* e - :, 74' - 26 Ju ne , 174 , - 26 y«Sf . , w — St — - 33 ' : 3 %»/?: -174 - ~a J 21 Jug. •James ] -Phineas Seymour •Benjamin i.oung: ^Anthony Atldnlon ■William Smith John Jenny; Thomas Halli • ^.uuiiias xi&uum- : ;Ambrofe Cramer Bodk^II. m. H‘A ME S. SENIOR ITT. . SFeh.rA 5311741 - 16 Fd: ■■■■':■...* ;*74I ■ . — 2oFek'< raKiayft —— ZfriSfc-rii-s-tiyft ■ z j • 1 1,741 — 27 Feb.- : 1741 — - — n March .1-741 - ■ ■ 12 MarrA *741 ■ -. - 16 March 1741 —— 16 March .1741 — 16 March .1,741 — 17 March .,i 11741 Jtotander Will? .William CoaM _ .Alexander Gordon William Johnfon Thomas Trevethick .John Carkett ; William Thompfon William Holmes .Edmund Hunt ijohn Brewfe iGtoige Blanckley -Edward Gafcoigne John Smith (1/) iWilliam Norton Thomas Winter Thomas Sliford -Robert Bollard Henry Trant (Charles Gugelman fekiel Cofentine iRichard Norbury ijohn Gardiner (Francis Davis John Dnnkley' i Cheney Hurt iHenry-John-Philips (John Armilrong John Botterell George Darby . 'Richard Bargua . Henry Cliriftian Henry Rofe .William Birch -Charles Hardy. ■- James Grant -', .Littleton Hill' PadOarry: Charles Chafimore ijofepk Bucknkll ■James Kirk: \ t ; Thomas Manning -'John Falkinghkm ■JohnGuilliatd;, -j ' Ftederick Booth: -V:.;/ 3 — 18 March - ijfi — 30 March 1742 — 3 Aptil - — 7 April — 17 April — \j April — 23 April —— 20 April — -■ 25 May — 26 May — 28 May — 29 May ’ - I June — 2 July — 22 July — 6 Aug. - 23 Aug. - 4 Sept, — 24 Sept. 1 03 . 1 03 . — 14.O8. —— 16 OB. . - 27 08 . .» 5 Nov. s — , 9 Nov.. - - 13 Nov.- - 22 Nov.': — *r 7 *»- - 29 Jan. — 4 Feb. ; - 20 :Fehi v , T _ —- 4 March : .- .1742 - ■ - 17 March •-.13742 Nicholas 1742 *74* *74* ‘*74* 1742 .174* *74* 1742 .1742 *74* *74* *74* 174* *74* 1742 1742 *74* *74* *74* *74* ■ *74* *74* '• ‘*74* *74* "*74* -‘*74* ; ,1742 •*74* ■ >74* ’ ‘74 2 *74* ?$ 6 ;€&e patent State Part id i N A M E S. Nicholas Trefillian .Swift Brackley- Hamilton Gore William Newfon •David Hay • ^Charles Lloyd JetemiahHanner . Wefton Varlp Benjamin Wells John Bladen Thomas Prefcott Jofeph Peyton Francis Clerke Charles Lucas • Thomas Symmers Jofeph Gage GeoigeBlyke • — Thbmas Graves ■ Benjamin Marlow Thomas Chriftian Matthew Moore Charles Loeffs John Hufley John Bray, jun. John Faulknor Francis Burllem. ' Chirles Hawkins - Thomas .Evans- William Williams, jun. William Langdon Thomas Owen Benjamin Heron Daniel Jarvis ' Richard Higgs . ■ John Lockhart ■ John Skyrme ' jofeph Carew Richard Tckle • James Sayerv ' George Allan.'■ William,Cock . John Crifpo- / ■. • Janies Mackie John Lind '- v . ■ • • Charles-Cathcart Grant - Janies Allan William-Ley Rooke - ' 3 ‘ *743 ;:*743 —• 24 Aug. — 28 Aug. — 28 Aug. — 17 Sept: — ijSept. — 2 $Sept. — 2$ Sept — 31 Sept. — 3 OR.-> — 3 oa. t — 7 oa. ,1743 — 10 oa. , : 1743 — 21 OR. : ■ ;v *743 — 3 AW.-. 1743 — 16 Nov:--- -1743 - 7 Die.- - . 1743 19 Deri • . 1743 •; *743 — 23 Dec. — 24 Def: r — 26 Die,.:: 1 i'.»743 — 29 Dec. -A r-. *743 — 4 Jun, ' 1*743 — 12 : : • *743 — 14 Jam ': 1743 Book III. of GREAT-BfciTAtN. h MAM ES. S EM 10 RH Richard Hiride - 4 - 1 14 JanV-' “ ' ' — 18 Jab. '' n -i; — AW Ijohh Ballard John Popk ins . Richard Robarts 1 | Nicholas Vincent Michael Kearny. John Young, fen. J MewTatori 1 : janes Cuningham (1 Jl) Join Carey ' George Gayton. ; Owen Edwards • James Jones' ' >. Matthew Wallis William Meldnun • Francis Olborne William Dumarefque (Mlopher Coles Robert Farmar ■ Alexander Skene Richard Clements Arthur Haven John Aikenhead : Henry Byng mies Worth ‘ rtomas Jones. ■ to Carteret ■ Idward Ham tobert Tilliard' ; Rilliam Underdown iharles Claus'- ' ohnMoutray ■ ’ '• muel Gibbs Ward Pafcoe ■ Ward Kyrby • Ward Manley fairy Cowel fhotnas Barker ■ Villiam Goollrey dward Thornbury [«|hony Fortye I WtamMoonA - storage Sellers' ~ : . .rancis Richards * George Peari. i6o %%z State Part B NAMES. S EN iORir William Lowfeld . - Jama Orroic John Rous Humphrey Gillbee James Stevens William Philips Peter Brown Robert Hathorn Thomas Imrie George Balfour BonGardr *.™v.oidner Samuel Taylor James Munro Charles Roome Tames Watfon William M'CIeverty John Murray' Jofeph Salmon Robert Brent Boyle Hyde John Ball Thomas Skone George Stancombe Benjamin Jenkins Charles Henly John Green Taylor Penny Jofliua Wheldon John Mathifon William Pratt • Francis Swainfion William Hayman Thomas Francis Samuel M'Kinley Dan. Molx. Cook John Rogers Hilton Crif. W ^«»on Crif. Wybergh John Brock ‘ Philip Worth John Angier William Greenwood Thomas Morfe. John Archer.' Hon. James Wemys Edward Hoop'er David Pryce JohnThan^ «9 June- >9 June «..7 unt. HJune 24 June - July — -- 7 July - 8 July - nJuf - nJ uly — J3 July - asr - 13 July - rtjuly 19 J“h 20 July 21 Tufy : 2$ July 2$ July il 7 4 6 Aug. 9 4 ug. 17 Aug. 20 Aug. 21 Aug. 26 Aug. 27 Aug. . 27 Aug. 27 Aug. 29 Aug. 29 Aug. 2 Sept. 3 Sept ., 4 Sept. 7 Sept. 17 Sept. 23 Sept. 26 Sept. 28 Sept. . 30 Sept. 1 03 . |opk III. G$eat- ! names'. John Atkins. * Payne . - for Wills tain Neilfon Win Young. jun., fod Millet ■ • Henry Moyle . . Wien Hammiefc _ . Riftard Sloper . jfcnry Speke . . gaiiy Smith , • /. . Jftles Middleton jfoeiv Dilhington jjsqmas Ewljank fhn Jarvis Hurt , I TAIN.' 1.6/ SENIORITY /hriilopher-Ba Job? How. John Atkinipn . Thomas Taylor , jqlqih Frame Alexander Balfour jtldevvay Sheward .flic. Hen. -Pafcal William Hewett Hpipphrey Sainthill ijugh JVIackay - .Sabine Deacon fharles Stuart John Spiller fatrjck Mouat targe Wood. .' John Barges ifflam Shunnuf JofephMyres jjdiyell Lyon John Rawlinfon John Hall . John King. Janies Innes John Hawford Hard Vavafot fiasid I.vell " - - S&viSg — 2 6 ian. , 174,5 - - nZ a ”‘ y ' 13$ i6z fcfje Patent State fen name Alexander Bfedner Probert Morgan Walter Stirling Thomas Cobby" Robert Carew' William Kite., Roger Edwards V/ffliam Pevey Arthur Grigg Samuel Baker Mark Robinfon Lewis Davies . Robert Stewart David' Boog Robert Mortimer Griffith Collins. David Meredith John Evans i Patrick Young : Henry Parkin . Richard Bond " William Hall~. Jphn Woodward, George Dunn ThOmas Munden Thomas Whitton Francis Tucker . - George Newton James Froude Henry Philips .. James Chads John Partington George Mathews James Owre liaac Covell Johjt Motley John Lenderick. Thomas Smith, jun. Nathaniel Scarlett William Skyes. John Skinner John Hickes Samuel Griffies Samuel Hood •John Smith, (24) : SENlditm. iifeS i- Mer'ch i ':. 7 Marik-i fiml 1. March l 7 March- 20 March '. y>Marche nnoj io March , im 2 April' h0:.- i7 ^j 2 April . 3 April * ¥n : ■ 17 46. 11 Apnk i. 17; 11 April '■ . 14 April • ^ ij H Apr il 1741 •7 April ■ .i ?? « April • 174'S: 30 April : 1746 .2 May - 3 % • 14. Maf- 174 ^ 16 May • !? 4 6 nMay -> 7 , 4.6 17 Maf - 174s HMay : *74? 21 ■Map'"'. ' 1745 3 June ■■■■■ 4 ; : : i'746 ■; mf 4 >« ; " ■ # 6 June ' V'W 7 J ime ■ : i 0 9 June- -• ^Phf 10 June to ; ‘ > 74 6 ; .*h! Book III. of CitEAT : NAMES. Brook Kelfaliv\ John MilligenA' m ■• - (yiopher O’Brien .- - Join Deards ; •- George Healey ? ' • Retry Baker. . ' ifilker Bridges .■ flam Mackenzie - Robert Jofelyn , : —. filward Pike-.' v.\ .. - Solomon Hawks -. Robert Routh.. Rickard Williams -.- jghn Elphinflon ., .- .flam Martin - fans Croucher -. — Wiliam Jurd; • — Nathaniel Allen . — Charles Mackie — Junes Lincolne . . . Thomas Parke ; Junes Shirley.. ,• - hrarael Grape-,, . George Hamilton. : •William Philips : . . Richard Burrows - --. '®l«Bale ; . .. JohnNuttall-; r.‘. • : - ;M;ew Cook;A ForbeiPatterlon fonder Hood — James Buchan .... jtoid Young • John Hamilton • Junes Thorp- . (Adam Scott. . •: . •William Milton , |mcsCuningham (2a ) ■ Thomas Moore Pert Mann febert Bond . Sfonas Gardiner pomas Rodd . §|fphen Sargent . Brjtain. i 6 $ S E NloAlir. - 27 JuW}h Hoiyfi — — s July : " s: » 74 6 — 7 %iy - — 17 July?,'?- 1 — aiM •.:.-m8 — 30 July < -. r^is. — 3 ° July - " > 1746 - 7 Aug. - - ‘ • V746. —- >5 ' d n; i'746 — 23 Aug: ~ 1746 — *9 for* : .1746 — l VAug: ■ ■} -tf& — 3°4r*"f «74§ — i6 5 f/r;- r'746 — pSept. .1746 — 4 03:' i. ;i74§ "ZZ 7 oa: •: 1/46 _ 9 0s. *746 - 2f05i •’■ • '. -31748 _ 25^-;;.: cc.l^is 27 O&i : •• 1746 5 Nev. 174S • - 8JVW. ' ,'746 — 13 Noi/iov'i. 14 NovJ:i iyiS — / r 7 4 js - 2 Ifc&fi.V.ri •. - 3 1 Dec. 1746 7 Jan. ■ 1746 \ > 7 4 6 A * 74.6 *7.4*5 : *746 '■ 1746 r *746 - 1746 : I746 1746 ' • I Jan ‘ - 13 Jan. - 10 Feb. - 16 Feb. —— 6 March - - 6 March - 13 March — 19 March - 24 March 1746 — 30 March- *747 164 . Paeftnt %mt Paitii. SE NlORIJil .NAMES. Samuel Uvedale - - Robert Andrews . William Oiborne Edward Leightop Robert Lambert Jolh\ia Rowley William Barker Johp Brookes (Charles Bawdert Thomas Willis- WilliamRobinfon Battifon Okely Jofeph Mead James Sandilands George Ellery Tho. Peter Crooke = Sampel Short .. JampsCombs George Douthwaite James Doake Walker Farr. •' • Thqmas Harrifon (George Allwright . Ale*. Schomberg • Richard Pike. John Seward Peter Vancourt .Thomas Bilhop Thomas Piggott Richard Lowndes ■■ James Smith, (id\ - - 19 May mi n , —; . 14 ™ ■ mi •—; 10 J™ ■:■■■■ mi. 12 June 1,7,, — Ilf = s» - II July ■. - 18 July . . m -21 July , ;.I 74 , —- 19 Am. ; ■ 1747 - 19 Aug.- •; 174; - 11 Sat.. .... i 747 - 9 Nov. . i 747 — 21 Nov.- - - — 23 Nov .. : — 23 None.. - 24 Nov. — 28 Nov. — 3 Dec ; -- 7 Dec. - 11 353 1286 1278 1 35 ° 1567 H 1367 - 1572 —i 1283 650 Lj tinm'X. Compliment of k a* third Rates. ' '’ Norfolk'! Ruffell ' ~ Shrewibury — : ; Torbay;, — 1 35® (, w • 1280 Buckingham —! Captain • — Elizabeth — Effex - Edinburgh — Prince Frederick - Grafton: — Hampton Court — Ipfwich — Kent — ■ 1230 1147 1128 1230 1224 Monmouth — Nafiau - Northumberland —. Royal Oak —' Orford' ....■ -Princeffa ■«—> Revenge —— Sterling Cattle —^ 1226' 1119 - 1225 *.*3:3 1283 1142 1 *39 1128 «2ZS i 1221 ; 1299 1224 IO99 I709 1*58 Yarmouth • 650 460 | Fourth Rates. Princefi Amelia —i- 1353' t J — 1401 — *305 Eancaiter Somerfet : ' Intrepide —, Anfon — Augutta .<~- Canterbury — Jtoadnougkt — 965 i°93. 4.60 ■1 460 • 420 ■' 380 : jbok'.q III. Gibraltar ',_ Greyhound — Garland, building Glafgow ' ‘ 504 Grand Turk - 366 Invemefs _, 354. Kennington ___ lowelloBe _a Livdy I __ ■ j* \ — = lyme ■; Margate; _I Mercury s Nightingale _ 522. Pioenix 17® -CBI Sixth Rails. Fhoaiix —- tie Part n. Shotehaa; — Squirrel. ; - - - Staford ■ . ■ Scarborough — * Soiebay —' 4 Tartar — 4 Tiyton ■— c Unicom — } WincheHea —— 4 Wager - 5 Qgcenborotigh <— j Royal Caroline — Rippon’s Frixe - 4*81! — 304 >i .45 — ; 5 «SJ ' Jjook:-III. H. 17I. Tunnage .j Compliment.ofMen. ■ 271 ~| Highejl. I Lower. 1 Carriage. TjZ Bind Vulture Tryal Jamaica Albany BHcovery ' tannage, Compliment of Men. Carris Otter — -- 247' Swallow >■ .t tiighejl. Lower. Swift -tv- .203] Spence "’ -——1 207 | SfcU=rs si ' too ...80 Saltalh — 248 Wolf - ; -i — 246 J 267 *7* $ ' Pink. 15+ ; 2a Yachts. Charlotte ; Dublin . . Fubbs. : i— Katharine \ - Maiy i . Wilfiaro and Maiy 148 j 50 - 164 f ^ 40 IS* J 1 ... Bolton. . Chatham Drake 161, 164 -4 is*. Small Yachts. 4* Qtkenbbroijgh r—| 46 ; 7 j S! &■ j j Yranfpoik Lion Nahjr ! Rjtaoath Supply Woolwich . tmty> Lklll. of GreAt-BritAin. 17^ Fotreller — Haling ~ Wove —-, Unity — ■ Cilloden — tends Water-Boat. Maty Smack — tenefs Long-Boat r Bnoy-Boat —1 Unity. — Bitty. — ■r Bogs. . Lighters. Hulks. t-Caftle - > Panther _ Salilbury _ f Snccefs ' _ Sterling-Catlle — Winchefter Xanoiith - 3Sr " r 3+ ■$ "A :s ■ . a fee - 547 H38 7 kl * rj to - N U^- 174 ®$e #?efeitt State ’-Partd A L I S T of the CommiffmerSt and other ,Ojfb of the Navy. ■ /T' HE Right Honourable George Dodiingm, Efqs Trei P- furer, 2ooo/. perAnmtm. — - < Richard Haddock, Efq; Comptroller, 1 Sir JacekAtkiuorth, Knt and Jofeph - Allen, Efq; Joint-Surveyors, Daniel Divert, Efq; Clerk of the Afis, William Corbett, Efq; Comptroller of , . V I;'tKe’iySurer’s Accom'pts, _ jRobert Ojbom, Efq; ‘Comptroller of thel ' E^ard^Miingham^xanderGeddes, 1 -P* *«■ and John Riffel, Efqrs.Priicipal Of- - ficers, . ~ — - - (i Charles Brown, Efq; at Chatham and - -. s :■ Sbeernefs, ~ . .. -■ : „ „ ; ■Richard Hughes, Efq; at Portfmutb, • '!t ■Philip VanbrughfRie^ at Plymouth, —• . . ',.s $homasTrtfuJis,'E{q}.ax. Port-Maben, — !..» ■William-Davies, Td&pi tit. Deptford Mi . V; : J . Woolwich, ,--.!c TbemasWyndkam, Efqj Paymader tothe - . ■ - J ■ ; Treafurer of the Navy, - J- Sir Heart Penriee, ’Pteiidenf and judge of the High-Court (i '■ . Admiralty, Salary 400/rprr Ann Jim Peace,-and Sop/in^fi William Bell, Nathaniel Hills, Charles Allixi and Efyptrefu), ■Efqra.Commiffipnersfor Sick and Hurt Seamen j Salary, .Be//at 400/. thfc reft at 300/. per Ann. f If <• c : ; r ,-AiHftanttotheSurveyorof'tlie Nayyi,;' Mr. Charles Burly, Affirtarit - to the Clerk of die Ails, Salary 300 /. per Annum. Mr. Turner, FirftClerk to the ComptroIler of the Navy, Salary 200/. per Ana: " Kegi^er and Signer.of.the Contraflers Bills, Mt.'Bajnard, Salary „ * ioo l. per Ana.. ' / ■ ■■; "v: Chief Clerk'in the Ticket-Office, Jofeph. Roffingtcn, M$ ^: ’ 200 /.' per Ann. :.x> Houfe-keeper/Mrs. Yard, Sol. per Am. *76 .?i:. Sal. per Am. /.' / Pierfon Lock, Mafler-Shipwright. r : ■■ . ~ ■ ' ■ 200 0 n John Lock, j Affiftants to 1 thi Mailer Ship-1 William guckuall, J wright, each > j 100 0 o F-LYM 0 U Til; PbiUtponBcrwmU, Clerk of the Cheque, —. James Fletcher, .Store-keeper, —r—■ , Mafter-Attehdant — ■ ' Benjamin Slade, Ma^erT.Shipjvr^ght,,, ,•. —— John Trevaniar, •Glerk of the 'Sur^ey,' v; — 1 — 'Thomas Hayikins, Miilant tothe Rafter-Shipwright, 150 AS 0 *5° •So X N U Mi B E R XLVII, Commifftoners /arVi&uallirig His Majeftfs Navy. Ty ichariHall, Efq; IJiiac Wallace,’Eic^i : -r Francis remoH,E(qr ~ • f ;.eacn. - 4 William Jenkins’, Elqs ' j • - :- : Tjnvit Cayley, Efq; J v •\ •- • Sillptr /n*. 1. s. 1 Eemy Pelham,^-, Secretly . . .. - joo’oo pent. Skat, E(qi_foxXilK ,mo -o :« James Lovelace,Bi qj Accomptant fofStores :—rao o < Jatqettighbald, Eft;.£alhier ..j ■ ,.150 0 * Mr., jaw* Wood, JClerk ofithe .Cutfingjfoofe; 80 o..a James Butcher, Mailer-Cooper — A So 0 0 Clerk .of the Ila^eJto\iIe t-t-?- 80 0 0 John Ktlfall, Clerk of the Brewhoufe - -... .« 60 0 0 FramisElUt, Hoy-taker 60 0 • Book III. Of 6 R E A T"- if r'1 1A I N. iff N il k B J Ef R XLVIII. Treafurer of the Navy's Office. , Salaries per Ann. 1 . j r PReafurer of the Navy, Right Hon. George ) | . Doddington, Efqj . , u-. . f. j 2000 Par-Mailer, Thomas Wyndbam, Eiq; —— r 00 f'Mr. Jdhn Hooke, , . _ ’go . j Mr. Robert,Hajle-wood - 8o I I Mr. William Barber - 40 Clerks under the J Mr. George Stanford . — 86 "" Pay-Mailer, ) "Mr. Thomas Vaughan - 40 ' Mr. William Vincent- - 40 I Mr. Wyndbam Demeryll \ — 40 . l,Mr. james Uubbald, jun. . 40 Extraordinary > Mr. William-Oakeley . — ;0 I Clerks, J Mr. William Glas/ord — e 0 Cafhier and Accomptant, John Tucker, Efq; . 4 o 0 rMr. John Barber _ 80 Clerks under the \ Mr. Adam Gellicoe - _80 Calhier and Ac- < Mr. John Cbitty _ 80 comptant, I Mr. John Slade. . _ 40 LMr. George Swajfield __ 40 Extraordinary Clerk, Mr. Henry Middleton, — r 0 Caller of the ViSualling, James Hubbald, Efq; , j 0 Clerks to the Calhier f M r ' Lynch — 70 for the ViSualJ™ 1, Pet f r P ‘?V - S°' riiog, • J Mr. John Mien ——• 40 », ■ ' LMr. Robert Radcliffe ■ - 40 JjnVffindell, MelTenger, at is. 8d. per diem to j Jhmas Wheeler, Porter, : --at . s. per diem. ■ - ,8 "Me Andrews, Door-keeper to the Pay-Room 20 e fWSfttf, Barge-Mailer - 6 c ^Mary Vaughan, Houfe-keeper .... , . 43 g M NUM- f68jl|efcnt9>t9tt! U?artD, N U M B E R XLIX. Military Branch of the Ordnance. ENGINEERS. Sohxks fer Am. l.; ,,, jQHief Engineer, nomas lajcelles, Efq;' —— JO i i 7 ;.j C Thomas Armjlrong, 1 Chief Engineer at J&J*:' Directors, j William Skinner, . each;— j6j 0 (_ Johr.-Henry Bajiide, y Chief Eng. ttLaifis^, ]'!■" „ m , S[ Leonard Bickerjiaff, ! William Cuningham, Engineers in Archibald Patoun, , ' Ordinary. ' Leonard Smelt, each — .182 10 George-Augufius Elliot, . John Armjirong, J William Cowley, - Ram-William Horneck, Engineers Ex- David Watfon, , traordinary. ' Charles Rivers, 1 ,eac “ “ I0 9 10 "James Rramham, .John Hardejly, • f Matthew Dixon, William Green, , J John Archer, ■ weorge Wejton, J i Not yet fixed on. >each — ?4 ij look ill. of txR E At-&R IT'AlNi 179 Mejlers of /itfRoyal Academy for Artillery at v Woolwich. Sal. /er Ann. 1. i. i. Chief Mailer . - - - zoo 0 o tad Mailer, ' » ■ —> -- 100 o o Allant and Clerk, - — 100 o o French Mailer,; —' - ^ 40 o o Drawing-Mailer, ---- —— 54 .15 o Engineer, Richard King,' • 100 d 0 Bombardiers, ' } each “ ^ 10 0 Chief-Petardier, George Mufgrave,' — 54 15 0 NO RTH-B kit AIN. Bombardiers, | ^IJaacJackjtn’ | zs - t er eac h 36 10 0 Extraordinary Allowances by Bill and Debenture. ■ Sail fer Ann. 1 . s, d. Superintendent of all his Majelly's Founderies, 1 ' bands Eylei, Efqs \ ,00 o O Millant-Surveyor for Artillery, Lieutenant-Ge- ? 9 serai Albert Borgard, -——- J 2 + 3 0 8 Military Branch of Gibraltar. Chief Engineer, James-Mmtrefir, . 365 o o Engineer, Vacant, ■- — 54 15 o ! Captain, — 182 10 o . . I I n ■ e J. Lieutenant < J _^ (.3-3' Ma ' Of > for diem each. 100 winiv ! Thtee,Sejjeants, 2 s. per diem each. Three Coirpoials, i i. id. pxr #Vm'eacli.- . TwelveBombardiers, is. 8af.p«i each 36 10 o (_John Dixon J Officers at Woolwich, ; Campbell, Store-keeper ' - - 160 0 0 c Ml Campbell, Clerk of the Survey — ) JohnTwiniboe, Clerk of the .Checque— > each 54 15 o 0 James Delejlang, Clerk of the FounderyJ Inordinary Clerks, '^tlCafell * £each - 36 fo ' o t William Fdlket } ' M 4 Officers ' ' y : . S& Je'r Aim. Officersat Chatham, ' \. ' George Mujgrave, Storekeeper— GhdrJesPetty^ Clerk; ofthe Survey— John Coclburn, Clerk ofthe Checque— Officers at Plymouth, ' William Redfton, Store-keeper ——— ——- i 2 o o Nicholas Mercator, Clerk of tUe Checque——54 ,j » Richard Williams, -—-■ 1 1 ■ 730 oj Officers at Sheernefs, : Thomas Baker, Store-keeper —— .... y . William Saltonftall, Clerk of the Checque— --n : 15 "0 Extraordinary Clerk,' Charles Dcwnman — — 36 10. ‘ Officers at Vi Upnor, ■John Turner, Store-keeper - , John Williams, Clerk of the Survey — Store-keeper at Berwick—Ralph Wallis - Hull ■ ■ - William Shirman — Greenwich— Psndennis • Cheller - —Thomas Pumis— Jerfey - Richard Pearce -—40. c John Sewell - . ■ ——40 0 John Le Hardy -——-40 c -James leMerchanf --'40 C ■Edward Car/i/le - ; —; 30 .C David Lyon——— 91! \ -Robert Farrell - 52 2 Tort-William -j- Alexander Muir ■ — 40, 0 Meffenger ofthe Office— William Severn — -60 c Furbilher of fmall Anns — Thomas Hatcher - 80 c At a vH^JamesT 1 }?™” Bar ^ r -—— 60 0 Windfer | *5 J Purveyor for Ships—-- Robert Bennet ■ . ——40 0 Praughtfman ' —- John-Peter Defmaretz—lOO X AffillantAWs-r- : William Brafter -J4 ij Barrack-mallerat tixTowerfieorge. Holmes __— 40 e Armourer —7—r James Cooptr —--26 e Thirty Labourers' at-therms wer, each'. ——- 26' 0 pklH. flfG rea^Brit^im. i8$ Civil Brand of Gibraltar ■' flerkof the Suflty* jmnti nayy ' ' 1 Clerk of theChecque, Cbarlte Gordon ff. each per Diem. aetkof‘theWwte, v ‘ 7 z.i: .., . Cooper, y. Mafon, 31. 5 S.n, ■ Two Armourers,, y. each' Smithy y. ' ' Pdrt-Mahon Civil Government!. Store-keeper, Robert Boyd, 182/. 10 1. ftr Ann. Clerk of the Survey, Richard Dixon, 4 s. Clerk of the Checque, Rich. Edgecombe, y. Clerk of the Worla, Harry hmefi, ’4*. Two Extraordinary Clerks, 2 s. each Wheeler, 3/. \ptr Diem. Carpenter, y. id. ' Mafon, y. Cooper, y. Armourer, y. Placentia. Store-keeper, William Saunderfon, 3;."} Two Mafons, at 3*. each " I Carpenter, y, ' I Two Smiths, 3/. «irh ! lieutenant," y " yper Diem. Serjeant, 2r. I Two Bombardiers, at u. 2 d. each | .Seventeen Gunners, at ir. 4 d. : J Annapolis-Royal Store-keeper, Edward How, 3/. Two Carpenters, at 21. 6d. each '■‘Von, a. id. ' r t Smith; 2i. idi lieutenant, y, Serjeant, 2s. . ■ Two Bombardiers, at it. 2 d. each, nee Gunners, at u. yl. each ; A I pn MatrojTes, at 1 1. each. -' - yper Diem. . Earls of NUMBER LI. A LIST of the Officers, Petty-0fficers, andStr- vants belonging to bis, Majefiy's Royal-Hofpital at Greenwich. GOVERNORS. ' H I S Royal Highnefs the Prince of Walts. . . 1 ' ? Lord Chancellor or Keeper, now, and for the Time Ink Lord Prefident, : . . . 6 j£d SteZfdf’ -now, and for the Time being, j Lord Chamberlain, , ■ , ] ; f His Majelly’s Principal Secretary of Soke of NewcaJIle — « State, and the Secretary of Sate; I for the Time being. , I '.Somer/et, f i Rutland, Dukes of ■■ '■ ■■ Montagu, Atholl, Montrofe, ‘ ' Burlington, : T' 'i Grantham, Godotybitf, Gholmondelty. ’ ' , r One of his MajeflyVPrinci' ■ »****»■ __ i ass/* (_ for the Time being; Earl Granville. Lord VifcountCoWaw. The Chancellor of the Exchequer, ' The Treafurer of his Maiefty’s Houfhold, Chief-J oftice of the King’s-Bench, Commiflioners of the Admiralty, High-Admiral, Commiflioners of the Treafury, Lieutenant-General of theOrdnance Matter ofthe: Rolls, Chief-Juftice of the Common-Pleas, Chief-Baron of the Exchequer,, The juftices of the King’s Bench,, Tire Juilicesof the Common-Pleas, The. ferons of the Exchequer, now, and for the Time bt- ing. ; , « ; now, and for.;the r Time being. Book III. of Gre at-Britain. The Attorney and Sollicitor-Generai, The Secretary to the Commiffioners of the Admiralty, ■. s : :fi The Secretary to the Commiffioners of the Treafury, . > r - The Flag-Officers of the Fleet,' . The Commiffioners of the Navy, The Judge of the Admiralty, The Lord-Mayor, and three Senior Alder¬ men of the City of London, The Mailer, and the five Elder-Brethren . ofTrinity-Houfe, The Governor, Deputy-Governor, and Treafurer of Greenwich Hofpital, The Surveyor-General of the Works, J Sir Edward Bellamy, William Baxter, Sir John Ihompfon, Charles Vanbrugh, isUalthinu Decker, Jofeph Bell, Rlilip Gibbon, Efqj Edward Vernon, William Fawkener, Efq; 0 F F IC E R S of theHoufe. Governor and his Clerk vacant. Captain Charles Smith, Lieutenant Governor. James Gunman, Efqj Treafurer. ^Captains. £ Chaplains. Robert Man Ik Lawrence t-r—— HmyPcwer ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ William Carr — m dhxander Barclay , -- IfaacPmer■ hitbelai Tindall — Mr. Campbell — David Cociburne, Phyfician. William Bell, Steward. Ifaac Rider, Surgeon. John Maule, Clerk of the Checque. William Corbett, Efq; Secretary. Richard Hos-ne, his Clerk. Hon. Heneage Legge f Efq; Auditor. Sickles Durrani, Mailer Brewer, : . -r—— ntnrjBlakey, Difpenfer, — ■■ RdvtardGrace, his Affiilant, , •" jr. m Pftty PJSftff *fi'$tmants;.v., ... ’ Thomas Cele,Co 6 k .■' • c ' HenrjfPilder ■ -/ * - ' »J) Thmaj Robinfan v- id (Mates. ' - i'.'i ' —— jd) . >« BMfty. Barber. FrancisRogert, Butler. Ethi/ard Griffith*.' Scullery-Man. JacoS Strolger, his Mate* JtAmWdA, Porter. " ^ Penfioners, -;—- - - - — Petty-Oflicers. —-— ' ■ ~i " |, Nurife » 5$ jS# ~n. "~T|j Which niakes the NumJje? bom —— | 0 jj The Officer* are not added in the'Number born, becaofetitj receive for Table is. i i. per Dim. The Treafurer hat 200 1 -per Jnnm, and theTreafurer’iCM jo 7 . per Annum. Thomas Ripley, Efq; Suryeyorof the Works, andMr.Twi Store-keeper. ! , The Steward is allowed two Clerks, whofe Bufinefs is to pa. vide the Penfioners with Provifion daily, to receive'anddem oat all manner of Houfe-Stores, to keep a'Muftef-Bookoft| Entries and Difcharges of Menj and to makeup the MootU; Accompts, &c. . Mr. John- Mauls is Clerk of the Checqae, and' afloWtdji Clerk, Who is to infpeft iiitff all the Stores and Provifion^ a to their Goodnefs, acting to Contrail ; to fi^i' and e*a6iffi all AcCornpts before they are Drdiight to the Board Of DirifioB;. ; The Surgeon is allow’d two Affiftarits, and a Sefvan't.\ ;' ‘ Therg are Commiffioners or Direflors : ’thatmeet'onceiiitn Days, or oftner, as Occafion requires, appointed by the toil (Of the Admiralty 5 and evfryDireftori befori- his Admittance produces hjs Warrant from the "Admiralty'; whofe' Naics at prefix’d to the following Lift, viz. ifti -Anbfkaiisiltim, Governor/ William Fawlener, Blip ‘ CbarlefSihitb, Lieutenant-Go- William Baxter , Efq;J' . v ■ vemor. - Vice-Admiral Vermin. 7 ameiGimkatt , Efij; Ttedforef; ‘ Thomas Ripley, * Elq.' Sir iduisorel Bellamy. ' •' Riibard'mrloss, Efijf ' Sir JibsiTbompfen. Dr. David Cockhurtte. : Book III. Of Gre at-Britain. 189 h»i Spilman, Elq; William Yotutge, Efq; 1 ','illiaitt Allix, Efq. Capt. Francis Danfays. fi.wi; Corbett, Efqj Hon. Heneage Legge, Efq; liltr Burrell, Efq; Jofepb Maddy, Efq! Capt. Robert Man. Capt. Thomas Lawrence. BlzMlIiam Plumptre, Efq; Geo. Jennings, Efq; Capt. William Parry. William Corbett , Efq; Pay-mailer to the Treafurer. of the Plavy, is Secretary to this Board, and allow'd too/, per Amedr. Hi Clerk 40/. per Annum. There is a Council once a Week for the Government of the Houle, conftituted by the Lords of the Admiralty, where arc ptefent the Officers of the Hofpital, to affilt in all Complaints, hid to punilh thofe that have behaved themfelves in a diforderiy Manner, and broke through the Rules of the Hofpital. The Matron is to take care, of .the Mens Linden,- to fee it mended, and deliver it,to the -Landry-man once a.Week to be rite); to fee-the Nurfes clean the Wards.- Eight of the Nutfes are called Infirmary-Nurfes, who are to tend -the lick and difableS ! eamen. The Diet for the lick Men is Eggs, Butter, Siigar, Currants, Hite, Oatmeal, Tripe, Milk,'Mutton, Veal, Bread, and Beer. . The Penfioners are all cloathed in Blue, and .are, allowed Linnen, Stockings, Shoes, and Twelve-pence per Week for Ne- telries ; out of which Number of Penfioners, there are 36 Boatfwains, which are dillinguilhed by having Gold Lace upon ’.heir Cloaths, and broad Gold Lace upon their Hats; they are allowed is. 6 d. per Man a Week ; their Bufinefs is to take Care of the Wards, and to fee that the Men do their Duty; and if they fee any Mifdemeanors, to complain to the Lieutenant-Go¬ vernor, in order to be brought to Council, and likewife to com- our.d the Watch upon their Guard. There are 72 Boatfwains Mates, which have a narrow Edging upon their Hats, to be town from the private Penfioners, and have is, 6 d. per Man a V.eek j they are appointed to affilt the Boatfwains. The Diet and Allowance for a Man per Diem, is thus: Sunday they have one Pound of Mntton, Beef, or Pork, one Pound of ; a Quarter of a Pound of Cheefe, and two Quarts of Beer: . ■ Tuefday , and Tburfday the fame. Wednefday they have | Ksfe-Porridge, one Ounce of Butter, half a Pound of Cheefe, [ °ce. Pound of Bread, two Quarts of Beer. Friday the fame. There are 100 Boys, the Sons of difabled Seamen, who are 1 jj^tsined with the Money arifing by Ihewing the Hofpital and P‘ n g in Ae Hall, fcrV. They wear blue Cloaths as the Pen- p ” er :> and have the fame Allowance as the Boys at Ciniji-Church twpital; They are taken in between eleven and thirteen Years of 5 igo C&e|&etent ©tate PartE of Age, and not continued longer than three Years j and go 0t | to Captains of Men of War, and Merchant-Men. This Charity was eftablifhed by the Lord Aylmer. The Manner of their going to Chapel upon a Holy-k^ Firft, the Teacher of . the Mathematich, walks before, the Boys follow two and two after him, with the Mathematical ] n . fouments in their Hands. In the next place, the Porter with his Staff walks before the Lieutenant-Governor, Captain and Chaplains; then Mow the Boatfwains, and Boatfwains Mato, with the Colours and Halberts; after them the Drums beating, then the Penfioners two and two. The Manner of their Dining on a Holiday .. .’ They have upon thofe Days double Allowance of Meat, aid two Quarts of Ale. When they are at Dinner, the Lieutenant- Governor, with the Captain and other Officers of the Hobfe, go in and drink the King’s Health, {Mufick playing while they are at Dinner) when they drink, the Drums beat, and the Min give three' Huzza’s; fo likewife the. fame at the Healths of tie Prince and Princeffes, and all the Royal Family, the Lordsofthe Admiralty, and the Governors. The Boys have Roaft-Eeef and Ale. Note, That no Papift is allowed die Charity of the Hofpltal. NUM- Book III. of Great-Britain. Igi NUMB E R LII. ' . T V i Li st of the Commifioners for the Government of the Royal-Hofpital at Chelfea, and the ,Out- . Pmfwners thereunto belonging. - 1 ! •- T HE Prefident of the Council, now and for. the Time being. ,, ... Tie Firft Commiffioner of the Treafury, or the High Commiffi- on'ers of the Tieafury, for the Time being. TkPrincipal Secretaries of State for the Time being. Tk Paymafter-General of the Land-Forces, for the Time being. ' ... Tie Secretary at War for the Time being. ( Tie two Comptrollers of the Accomjpts of the Army, for the Time being. " . Tie Governor and Lieutenant-Governor of the Royal Hofpitat Vi Chelfea, for the Time being. • . .: Sa per Ann. I. s. el. Governor, the Hon. Sir Robert Rich -- 5 lieutenant Governor, the Hon. Colonel Thomas J Horton ■— - - - — - , j 2 More by King’s Warrant -2 Major, the Hon .Lancelot Story, Efqs — — ill Chaplain, Rev. Mr. Green ._ ?d Chaplain, Rev. Mr. Lome - Plytdan, Dr. Monfey . -, Secretary and Regifter, Peregrine Fury, Efqj - heputy-Treafurer, John Wynn, Efqj - Comptroller, Edward Eyre, Efqj —— - Steward, Henry Harris, Efq; -. - %on, William Chefelden, Efq; -- Apotliecary, Mr. Daniel Graham - . Uerk of the Works, Mr. John Lane - 'Yhitfter, Mr. Rodolphus Hugonar __ Mffl-Sf mmants, who befides their refieShe Salaries a, Diet. • allowed Adjutant, Capt. Thomas Stuart ■ ■ . 1 60 o o ^-Lighter, Ms. John Bird _-20 o o goon s Mate, Ur. Alexander Reid, jun.-20 o o s Deputy, Mr. John Thomas -20 o o Comptroller Sal. fer Ann. /, ,, j Matter-Cook, Mr. 0 . : „ 7T ......... ftcprid Cook, Ti&e Unittfceoolcsirieh' ’ Mailer-Butler, lilt. JohnWilton Under-Butler, Mr. ThomasSymons toher. Mr. JohnHeftier, __ \,m.RWeriPb;ii;y — ■ — 1 "Ml 'Mr;. Wimsas h Uiher 61 is Holmes., . —- ClSial-k’ieper and’ Turncock)" Mr ;' Robert Breit —— Gardener, Mr. Richard Jennim Meffijgger^ Mr. Thomas Minn 20 0 C Organiit, Mr .Barnafy Gunn. — Organ-Ripaiier, Mr. (Herrard Smith - Clock-Repairer, Mr. Thomas Fitter ■ Engine-Repairer, Mr. John Gray • • » Cbeljea Tithes, &c. Rev. Mr. Aylfmore- - Kenfington ditto. Rev. Mf.^—_ Houfe-keeper, Mi f.VtrepaApley _ _ . Twenty-four Matrons,'at fer Annum each 26 Officers, at jr. 6d. fer Week, for 52 We&»- 1 ;' and one Day ..... . \ - 34 Light-Horfe-men, at 2r. foV the lame Time'^-1775 'f 32 Serjeants, at 2». for the fame Time-—— J 66 JL 7 .. ® 48 Corporals andDrummers, at i oubrum) chang’d every three Yeai? j Ten going out yearly, and as many eleded in their room at the annual General Court, and with twelve 'Almoners chofen Quarterly, who weekly take in.the Sick mid Wounded,, and djf- charge fuch as are cured, and incurable. ' ' , ' Tie Reverend Mr. Wingfield-, M. A. Hofpitalier,or Chaplain. ' ' Dr. Ball, 1 Dr .Liatherland, tPhylicianS. Dr. heme, \ Mr. 7 ahnGirle, 1 fa. Thomas Baker, t Surgeons., lb. Jofefb Paul, J Mr. Puree, Apothecary. One Cook, one Butler, who hath alfo the,Cart of the BrtW- lonfej two Porters, four Beadles, ts’c. fe Pierce, Matron, under whom are fixteen Sillers, who take care of fo many feveral Wards, 'with Nurfes, Helpers, Watch, ers, &c. attending on the Poor. ■ • ■ , . • Mr. Welch, Steward. Mr. Mcrfe,C\sik and RegiAer. NUMBER LIV. St. George’s Hofpitak at Hyde-Park Corner. fJ^Rcya. Highnsfs Frederick, Prince of Wales, Pre* ^ on ‘ HiK P> ^ Hardwick, Lord High- “| Vice- Uuncellorof Great-Britairs, > Prefi. “C Rt. Rev. Benjamin, Lord Biihop of Winchejlsr, j dents. l&efent &tate ’^Phyficians. m = Dr.' David Rofs, Dr. Benjamin Headley, Phyfic his Majeily’s Houihold, I, Dr. Ambrofe Dtrw/on, J Dr. John-Thcmas Ball, Serjeant "I Surgeon to his Majeity, j Part II, William Chefelden, Efq; Surgeon t Principal Surgeons. Cie^-a-Hofpital, John Pam-let, Efq; Surgeon-General I to the Army, J David Middleton , Efq; Director of] his Majeily’s Hofpitals in Flanders, C-tfar Ham kins, Efq; Serjeant-Sur- ' geoh to his Majeily’s Houihold, | William Brbmfe/i, Efq; Sutgeon to ^Surgeons in Ordinary, his Royal Highnefs the Prince of j Wales, arid Demonilrator of Ana¬ tomy at Surgeon s-Hall ; and | Mr. William Hewitt, J Daniel Graham, Efq; Apothecary to'] Cbelfea- College, John Allen, Efq; Apothecary to his ^ Msjelly’s Houfhold, Mr. Andrew Mitcbel, Mr. ‘[homes Graham, Phar. Reg. Mr. yames Frazer, Mr. Theodore Edgar, Mr. Richard Rcnxden Baynham, Mr. George Payne, and Mr. James Bromjeld, Apothecaries, who attend by Rotation, as Vifitors to fee the HoufeApo- thecaries take due Care * ► of the Patients and Me- j dicines, and that they j arte difperifed according to the Prefcriptioni of ■ the-Phyficidns. Jofefb Hudfon,E[q, r Mr .Richard Affinm-all, {Treafuiea- The Reverend Mr. Hugh Frazer, Chaplain. Mr. Charles Trefry, Apothecary. Mr. Hugh Say, Clerk. Mr. William Dunbar, MeiTenger. Mrs. Sarah Ftlofs, Matron. And by tKefe Gentlemen all the Books of Accompts and Mi¬ nutes are kept and enter’d; and thefe, together with the abort- named Apothecaries, are all Governors, and ferve gratis. Rj- Bodklll. Of?GREAT^Bj0TiAI»N; lgp ft, #. The Phyficians vifit the Patients three times a Week, ad the Surgeons attend daily. ■ NUMBER LV. fk Infirmary in Petty : France, Wcftminfter; n IGHT Hon. the Earl of Arran, Prefident. Sir John Crajfie, Bart. Vice.PreGdent.' . Rer Mr. Pe»S r f Hayward, Treafurer. Dr Mlbraham, 1 Dr .Hawley, ^PhyficianJ. Df .Barker, J . Mr. Pyle, : ' ' Mr, Pfie, jun. Mr. Hiatbfeld, Affiftapt-Surgeon. Mr, %tr, Apothecary in the Houfe. Mrs, Gregory, Matron. NUMBER LVI. fhiHefpitol founded at the foie Coft and Charge .*/, Thomas Guy, Efp C.IR Edward £fuf/e,Bart. Prefident. 0 Dr. Benjamin Avery, Treafurer. ty.john Oldfield, V hr. Matthew Clark, > Dr. hake, j Mr. Samuil Sharp, Mr, John Belcher, V Warner, \ fostele, Apothecary. ' * ™r. Mr. Finch, Chaplain. Mr. Neale, Clerk. . ' Mr. Greta, Steward. ^-Charles Parker, Accomptant. MR. /few Rrjiney, Matron. Phyficians. burgeons. N 2 N U M- i96 C&e^efettt State Part n. NUMBER LVII. n'e LONDON-INFIRMARY ' in Prefcot-Street, Goodman’s-Fields.. r ;; : : ■ ?:, A Ufeful Undertaking, for. the Relief of all fick and difeafid Perfons, and particularly Manufadlurers, Seamen in Mer¬ chants Service, and their.Wives and Children. Begun in the Year 1740, and fince, by the Beneficence of divers Perfons, increafed fo as to extend its Benefits to near fix thoufand poo? Objedts.a Year. The Charafteriftic of this Charity, is the rid- million and Difmillion of Patients every Day, withoiit Feeor Reward; who, during their Stay there, are provided with'all. Conveniences, and, in cafe of Death, buried at the Expence of the Charity. The Qualification of a Governor, is by a'Bene- faftion of thirty Guineas at once, or Five Guineas yearly. Tie Government hereof is under the Direction of, ' His Grace the Duke of Richmond, Lenox, and Aulkm, PRESIDENT. }v».r«sd-..■ ■ Peter Mail man, Efq; Treafurer. And a Committee of thirteen, who attend for one .Quarter, with fuch .other Governors as pleafe to come, and whofe Pto- ce^iftgs are reported to a General Quarterly Court. n . OFFICERS. Rev. Mr. Matthew Audley, Chaplain. ■■■ Dr. John Andree, Phyfician in Ordinary. Dr. John Caningham, Phyfician Extraordinary. Dr. James Hibbins, Affiflant-Phyfician. Mr. John Harrifon, Surgeon in Ordinary. Mr. Henry Dodfon, Affiltant-Surgeon. ■ • William Petty, Efiu 1 „ „ ' Mr. Walter Jones, £ Surgeons Extraordinary. ‘Thomas Mainvmring, Efq; Surveyor. Mr. Richard Neals, Secretary'. Mr. Fhomas Shields, Apothecary. Mr. Benjamin Gifford, Steward. Mr. P. H. Robin/on, Receiver. Mrs. Elixabcth.Broad ,-.,;t •:.' . 1 -• Mrs, Mary Gony, J Matrons * Book' III. of G'reat-Br-itain. 197 NUMBE R LVIII. J 'he Officers of St. Bartholomew’* Hefpital | Weji-Smithjield, London, was founded b y Rnyhere, in the Reign of King Henry I. Anno Dom. noz. After the Diffolution of Abbies and Monafleries, refounded by Kingffan? VIII. Anno Dom. 1564- ' -■' i ' In which Hofpital, with two others, one at Kingjland, and the other call’d the Lock in Southwark, being both under the Charge of St. Bartholomew's Hofpital, there are about 400 Patients, Men and Women, daily relieved with Lodging, Diet, Phyfick, forne- toring Sick and Wounded Seamen, Soldiers, and others, to their Health and Limbs. ; The faid Hofpital is governed by a Pre¬ sent, Treafurer, and feveral Governors, out of which annually Committees are defied for the good ordering of the Affairs of that Houle, (Be. ; Auditors of the general Accompt. • . - Auditors of the Renter-Accompt. Viewers of the Revenues belonging to the faid Hofpital, - Overfeers of the Goods and Utenfils of the faid Hofpital. • Almoners to buy Proviftons and Neceffaries for the Patients. The Treafurer, Almoners, and divers Governors, meet twice 2 Week within the faid Hofpital, to fee that good Rule and Gd- rernment be kept in that Houfe, and to difcharge fuch poor dif- tafed Perfons as are cured, and admit others in their room. Sir Henry Marflall, Knt. Alderman, Prefident. Sandfird, Efq; Treafurer. The Rev. Mr. John Banfon, M. A. Vicar and Hofpitaller, Mr. John Barberry, Apothecary. Mr. John Freh, ] Mr. James Phillips, J. Surgeons. Mr. Edward Nourfi, 1 Mr -John Crane, * ■' Mr. Piercy Pott, Mr- Manaton, Mr. John Freke, M-Jofeph Webb, Mr. Edward Nourfe, j Mr. Jcfeph Webh, Surgeon and Guide to KingJIand Hofpital. Ti’ n ^ mxn Jhend, Surgeon and Guide to the Lock Hofpital. if K«»erend Mr. Mead, Chaplain to King Baud Hofpital. ■■ ■Reverend Mr. Williams, Chaplain to the Lock Hofpital. [N 3 OFFICERS and all ot L and neceffary f< A Aidant-Surgeons. I Surgeons for cutting for the Stone. 19 ? i&e . . .Part ii, • QFfIC E~RS. Mr. William Tims, Clerk. Mr. Nathaniel Woolfreys, Steward, JAt.Niehols, Refiter, Mrs. Hide, Matron. Mrs. Field, Cook. . Mr, Cluttrbutk, Porter, Four Beadles, N'UMBE R UX. ChriftV ffofpitak S fK 'Join Barnard, Knt, and Alderman, Prdident. Philip Scartb, Efq; Treafurer. Dr. Rabinfon, Phyfician. ■ Mr. Price Holloway, Surgeon, Mr. Rohartii Apothecary, Mr. John Keely, Renter. Mr. JohnYeo, Clerk, Mr- Jah Bqvidfn, Wardrobe Keeper. ^SCHOOL,MASTERS. V ' The Reverend Mr, Stawtll Htatherfy, Upper Grapfmar-’Mal# and Catechift. Mr. Thomas Smith, Writirig.Mafler. The Reverend Mr. Peter Richardfin, Under Grammar-Mate, Mr. James Hodgfin, Mailer of the Royal Mathematical Sets* Mr, John Younv, Mufick-Mafter. 1 ■ Mr. Edward Lent, Drawing-Matter £=£££%? Mr. Join Ajhton, Steward, Mrs. Anne Cafiell, 'Matron. y . Mrs. Su/anna Lucas, ScHooUMiftrbfi to the $tls s A Porter, and four Beadles. A Cook. , Twelve Nurfes. . A Si&-Wdfd ffijrie. ! Book.III. of Greater i tain. 199 ; The Number of Children of KiBg^ b^ar/rrild’s new Founda¬ tion in this Holgital. that arp.yearly. educated in the Art ofNa- , vigation, is Forty; whereof .Tenure pit out every Year Appren¬ tices to the Praftice of it, according to that King’s Defign in his gracious Mitution. {]. B. Several Children in the faid Hofpital are qualified for the Univeriity, and maintained there for feven Years 7 by the faid Hofpital, who alfo give them Money to take their Degrees qf Bat¬ chelors and Mailers of Arts, and pay all the Chaiges of fitting thppj out for the Univeriity, and the Fees for fettling them there: NUMBER LX. IL 1ST of tbe Governors' of Sutton’* Hofpital, tailed theZhax«.x-Hmk,.appo}nted by Adi of .Par¬ liament. fpHE King, Duke afNewcafile, i Prince of Wales, Exl of-Pembroke, ' . . Archbifliop of Canterbury Earlof Dartmouth, v , s i; ( Lord Chancellor Hardaticke, Bifhop nfLondm, Earlof Harrington, . Lord Chief-Jtiftice Lee, Duke of Dorfet, The Right Hon. HenryPelbam, Duke of Grafton, Efq; • Duke of Somerfel, Nicholas Mann, Efq; Mailer of, Duke of Richmond, the Houfe. Duke of Devonjhirt, Philip Biarcroft, D. D. Preacher. •-- Meimoth, Efq; Regifter. Juhn-Spencer Colepepper, Efq; Receiver. William .Folkes, Efq; Steward and Council: .. James Hotchkiss A. M. School-Mailer. - John Nicholls, B.D. , Reader., , .v . .. Uiher. ■ ■ John-Chrifioph.Pepufch, M.D. Organiil. .. . v Mraham Hall, M. D. Phyfician. ■^.. Mr. MarkHawkins, Surgeon. ’. v Mr..— -Fotherhy,. . .Auditor; ; . Mr. John Martians, " Apothecary.. • N 4- N U Mr 2 < ©fie petcnt State s ftirtjij 7’.- N UtM.B E R LXI. ” ' A LIST of tb( Royal Society; -1748. ■ . TTIS Sacred Majesty, KING 'GEORGE if. p ata( HisSacred Majefty Francis, Emperor qf Germany. ■' His Royal Highnefs thePrince. His Moil Serene Highnefs Charles, Margrave of Baden Dour-: lach. His Moll Serene Highnefs Francis, Duke of Modena, His Moll Serene Highnefs William, Prince of Grange. The Moll Serene Peter Grimani, Duke of Venice.- i ! His Highnefs Ferdinand, Prince of Lobkowitz. 3 'be Prefent Council. Martin Folkes, Efq; Prefident. ! Richard Mead, M.D. Med% James Burrow, Efq; Cromwell Mortimer, M. D, Lord Charles Cavendilh. Seer. Sir James Creed, Knt. • Charles, Duke of Richmond, Peter Davall, Efq; Seer. . Sir Hans Sloane, Bart; Med, Sir John Evelyn, Bart - Reg. George Holmes, Efq; Charles Stanhope, Efq; William Jones, Efq; Mr. William Watfon. ' Charles Lyttelton, L.L.D.. James Weft, Efq; Treafurer.-i George, Earl of Macclesfield, Thomas Wilbraham, L. L. D Nicholas Mann, Efq; Daniel Wray, Efq; This Council it to it continued till St. AndrewYDqy, 1748,- Swithin Adee, M. D. Edmund Allen, Efq;- Mr. Jofeph Ames. George, Lord Anfon. Mr. William Arderon, Jofeph Andrews, Efq; The Hoit Rich. Aremdell, Efq; Samuel,; Lord Bifhop of St, Jol^’tbell.-D. D. Sir Jofeph Ayloffe, Bart, Mr, Henry Baker. • Charles, Lord Baltimore. ; John Bamber;-M,:D. - •>** Zachary, Lord Biihop of Ban¬ gor, ■ - g^ward Baity, fi« ’ 1 ' William, Earl of Bath. Thomas Bates, Efq; : ^ , The Hon. Benj. Bathurft. Efq;; John-Thomas Batt, M. D. William Battie.M. D. • Mr. Thomas Bays, Mr. John Belchier. ■ ■ The Hon. Will. Bentinek, E^l Herman Bernard, M. D; , John-POter Bernard, A. Ml John de Befie; Efq;' , Mr. Silvanus Bevan, i ’ " Thomas Birch, A.. M. Jonathan Blackwell, ; Efq; Francis Blake; Efq;", . . Nathaniel BlifsLM; A.'Geo?/ fts "- JJooHlI. Of'Gli'B'A' William Bogdani, Efq; Benjamin Bofanquet, M. A. Walter Bowman.-'Efq; 1 Mr. Zabdiel Boylfton. James Bradley, D. D.Attr. Reg. William Briltow, Efq; Richard Brocklelby, M. D. Littleton Brown, A.M. William Browne,'M. D. William Brownrigg, M. D. Francis, Duke of Buccleugh. Henry David, Earl of Buchan. John Byrom, A. M. Charles, Lord Cadogan. Colin Campbell, Mr. George Campbell, Andrew Cantwell, M. D. (Jeorge, Lord Carpenter. , John, Lord Vifc. Calllemain. Jacob de Caflro Sarmento,M,D, Mr. Mark Catefby. lord James Cavendilh, Mr. John Chandler, Charles Chauncy, M. D. Martin Clare,-A."M. Samuel Clarke, Efq; Mr. Samuel Clarke. The Hon. Sir John Clerk, Bart. Robert, Lord Bifljop of Clogher. Henry, Lord Colerane. Mr. Peter Collinfon. JohnColfon, A.M. Math. Pr, L «C.; Mr. Benjamin Cook. Wes da Cofta, Efq } Mr. Emanuel Mendes da Coila. WiHtam, Earl Cqwper. J?»n, Earl of Craufurd. Sir Alexander Cuming, Bart. Sirjofeph Danvers, Bart , Wrancis Dafhwood, Bart. ' Momon Dayrolle, Efq; . b®on Degge, Efq; :. Charles Delafaye, Efq; *n,LordDelawarr. " , 'ylham Dixon, Efq; ^•Francis Drake. W Dudley, Efq;' R 1TA1N. 201 Mr. William Dugood, ■ Thomas-Lee Qummer, Efq; David Durandj- A. M.- Francis-Philip Duval, M. D. . John, Earl ofEgmdnt. Mr. John Ellicott., Anthony Ellys, D. D. Mr. Njcb. Facio Duillier. • William Fauquier, Efq; ■ Mr. Jonathan Fawconer. ■: ■ William Fellows, Efq; . The Hon. Henry Finch, Efq; William Folkes, Efq; ■ 1 ■ Charles Frederick, Efq; :• <■•.■■ ■ Mr. John Freke.. >• .■ I William Freman, Efq; ;■ Joint Fuller, Efq; Rofe Fuller, M. D. Thomas, Lord Vifcount Gafee. James Gibbs, Efq;- • Mr. Moreton Gilks. .:. - . { Mr. George Graham, r Richard Graham, Efq; Mr. John Gray; Lieut. Gen. JohnGuife. George Hadley, Efq; . Stephen Hales, D. D. t • Fayrer Hall, Efq; The Hon. Charles Hamilton, Efq; ... * The Hon. John Hamilton, Efq; William Hanbury, Efq;, Edward Harrington, M. D, William, Earl of Harrington. : David HartIey„A. Mi Richard Haflell, Efq; , James Hawley, M. D. .. George Heijthcote. Efq; . .. /• Samuel Hidkman, Efq; ; Thomas Hill, Efq; . v " Benjamin Hoadiy, M. D. Med. ' Reg.,ad F@m. . . Robert Hoblyn, Elq; , . . Mr. James Hodgfon,. SchoL Reg. Math. Prtecept. ,,r Edward Hody, M. D. ... . 5.' Peter Holford, Efq; -, v Benjamin HollOwayv.L.L. B;3 The so* €#e?f icfent mm Panu The Hon; Charles .HopeWfor, Charles Mafon.B, D. , ., . 1; - Hon. William-Math^w, fefot' John, Earl of. Hoptoun. Mr. John Maud'' 5 Mr. JamesHorne Samuel MeadyEfq; Thomas,.Hunt, D. D. Hebr. John Merrill, Pr. Qxon. John Huxham, M. D. Theodore Jacobfen, Efq; Walter Jeffreys, Efq; Roger Jones.M. D. Jolhua Iremonger, Efq;' James Jurin.iyi.D. James Juftice,: Efq; Benjamin Keene, Efq; Henry Kelfali, Efq; Gilbert Kennedy, M. D. Gowin Knight, >M. 8. Ralph Knight, Efq; £ i Sfe s fS’ ;E, « i Thomas KJites, A.M.- Mr. PhilipMiUer. , Jeremiah' Milles, D.D. Edward MiHs, Efq; Edward MilvyardjM. D.- Andrew Mitchell, Efq;. Mr. Abraham' Zollman - PERSONS of other NATIONS. ^S Cyriactrs AWers, Chlrurg. Reg. Banova. 'J Os. Francifcus Algarotti, Venetus. ' Allamand, Lugduno-Batav Ds. J. Gul. Alruz, M.D. Hamverienffs D.\ Nicolaus Michael D’Aragona, Primps CafTan Ds.'Stephanus Evodius AiTemanni, Arcbiepifcop At,™,* c • *“• * *«•* Zfyz l’5. Ds. Jobus Bailer, M. D. Zeelar.dus. Ds. H. Berenger de Beaufain, Gaiks. Ds. Louis de Beaufort, Lipfmfis. Ds. Jac. Barth. Beccari, M. D. Pbilofcpb. Med Prof r„„,„ Ds. Bernhardus Belidor, Prof. Math. Fern,f. ‘ f Ds. Matthias Belius, Pannonius, Soc. Reg. Bird. Soc. Ds. Johannes Bemoulh, Prof. Math. Baf.l. Reg. Sc. Acad. Parif. Ds. Nicolaus Bernoulli, Prof. J. V RaUlta- Ds. --- de Boffrand, Parif. * ** * St - “'»»• K* H fc Ds. Carolus Bonetus, Gencvenfs. Ds. Ludovic Frid. Bonetus, Senator Gmmcnfis. Ds. Joh. Phthppus Breynius, M. D. Gedan. Os. Jofeph. Laurent. Bruni, M. D. Taurinenfu. Bt p— de Buffon > Re S- St. Acad. Parif. Soc. Herd R. Ds. Wilhehnus Buys, Btlga, Ds. Petrus Andreas Capelio,' Nob. Vent/. Ds. Mauntms Ant. Cappeler, M. D. Lucerncnf. Da. Joh. Bapt. Carbone, AJlronn,. UliJJipo,,. Ds. SebahianJofeph. de Carvalho e Mello, Reg. Luft. 'a Cenfi Ds. Johannes Cailillioneus, J.C. Laufan Ds. Claud. Nic. Ie Cat. M. D. Anat. Pnf. Rothmag. Ds^Gafpar Cerate, Prior Ord. S. Suph.lA Pifan. Urn. Pm. Ds Jofephus Ceryi, M. D. Arcbiat. Reg. & R. A, Med. Hip. Book HI. Of Or e A. IN. 205 ft Antonius Coccfciis, Magellan. CoHMeR. Pier; tic.-it ft, Antonius de Comitibus, Nob. Venetus. ft. Johannes Crivelli, Cleric. Regular,.Soipmafc. Venet.f ...v ft Andreas Hen. de Cronhelm, Hanov. ...... Ds. Conradus Det. a Dehn, S. Rom. Imp. Comet. Qri. Pan.' ftpes. /.'■ ft, Antonius Deidier, Rques. M. D. Prof.Chem.Monfp. ft, Geo, Petrus Domcke, Halenfu. Di. Job. Gabriel Eoppelmayer, Prof. Matbem. Noriberg, ■ ,/ Di. Hen. Franck le Dran,. Reg. Academ. Cbirurg. Parif. Soc ;,,'' . Ds. Leonha'rdus Euler, Berolinenfs-. Di, Petrus Nicolaus Filenius,, Ling. Or- Prof. Reg. if Ord-Acad. Miinf. _ . . i ■ . ■* Di, Joh. Benj. Fifcher, Riga-Limonus. Di. Wicardel de .Fleury, Eques Sabaudut. , . Di. Bemhardus de Fontenelle, Reg. Scient. Acad. Parif Soc, Ds, Cbeleilinus Galliani,. Arcbiep,PbeffaldA Capell Maj.Reg. faf. . . ^ • Di. Laurentius Garcin, M.D. Novocafro-Hehet. Di. Ren. Jac., de Garengeot, Cbirurg. Pariftenf. . : Di. Claud. Jofeph. GeofFroy, Reg. Scient. Acad. Parif. Sec. Di. Chriitian Lud. Gerilen, Prof. Math. Giejfen. Di.Michel-Angelus Giacomelli, Pifloienfs... Di Ludovicus Godin, Afiron. Reg. Scient. Acad. Parif. See ,. Di. Anton. Francifcus Gorius, Prof, public. Hiftor. Florent. Ds. Johan. Paulus Grand-Jean de Fouchy^^ff. Sc. Acad. Par• k. ferpet. Ds, de la Grive, Academ■ Artium Parif Sec. Di. Johan. Paulus de Gua, Reg. Sc. Acad. Parif. Soc. : ® s .---Guyon , Parif. ®i. Albertus Haller, M. D. Archiat. .Reg. Med. Prof. Getting. Di. Hen. Lud. du Hamel du Monceau, Neutica Ittfp. Gem R. S. A. Par. S. ". .. Ds. Joh. Henric. Hampe,. M. D. Naffom. Med. Princip'tjfe Wallia. Ds. — -de Hardenberg, Hamm. ..! Ds, Laurentius Heifter,. Prof. AnatomMed. Helmftad. “. Johannes Helot, Reg. Acad- Scient!Parif. Soc. ft. Henrietta Henrickfen, RegiD.aniie aSecret. Ds.Joh. Hen. ii Heucher, Med.Reg.Polon: . Ds. Tycho Hoflinan, Cancei/aria Reg. Dan. Secret*. “. Sam, Ghriflianus Holmanus, Prof. Getting. J. Aug, Hugo, Med. Reg. tianov. Ds. Francifcus Jacquicr, Ord.. Min. Roma, Math Prof ■ «• Johannes .Jallabe.rt, V.f)., M..Pbilof.& Mat.Pr , Gettev. f y j att ' ca ’ Puds Mutin- Med. & Prtf Med. Ds- jof. Nicola del’jtile. Prof Afr, Petropol. R> Scient. Ac. Parif. Soc, ..t.ir.. Ds. 2oft tlfjt - JQ Ds. Antonius de Juieii*. AM>; tttaii:ty$ : ^:®fl&ScfAf Parif S • -‘ -; ,-..-,'i ..E- .a.'jnA - :■;■,•,•)'?. ,n Ds. Bemardus dejdijieu, M: D, Brian. Pnf, Reg.&RiSc.A, Pari/.S. •- Ds. Petrus Rinokius, M, A. Nameg. Ds. Philippus Kinflty, Cancell, fummus Regiti Bohemia, Ds..ChriftbSriedusKiichiu?, Afiton. Reg. Berolinl 1 f! Ds. Jac. Theodor. Klein, Reif Qedak a Secret. • 'i Ds. Samod KIingenftierna, Prof. Giametr. Vffal. Ds. Jabnmctde Lange. SfKQ -jbMti.. ; Ds. Joh. Nathaniel Lieberkuhn, M. D. Site. Reg. Beni. Sec. Ds. joh. Georgius Liebknechti S,S. fhtoleg. Pref. Giejtkf-'. Ds. Johannes Lieutaud, M.D: Med. Prof. Reg. Ajuiifextik. Ds. jStipiD Maflei, NcMUt Venunfu. Ds. Joh. Jac. Dortous de Mairan, Reg. Sciint, Ac. Par. Sec. Ds. Antonius Adam de Manlberg, Hanov. Ds.Joh.Jac. Matinoni, Aftr, Prof; Piena. Ds. Petr. Ludov. de Maupertuis, Reg. Sclent. Acad. Bird, Praf. &c. ' Ds. Didaciis de Mendopa, Cor.teReal. Reg. Ac. Lufit. Sat. " • Ds. . — le Mbnnier, Aftron. Reg. Sclent. Acad:parif Sec. Ds. ■ • le Monnier.Jwr. M. D. Parif, ’ D.s. Jofephus de Montagni, Pref. Metapbjjtc, in-Acfd. Laufant. Ds. CatoIus Baro de Monteftpiieu, PrafPorliam. African. Dj. - Secondatde-Mopttfquieu, Bkrdegalenfis . Ds. Salvator-Morand, Reg. Sc: At. Par.&rttropoL (A Inf. Be- non. Sac. Ds. Jo. Bap: Moreagnij M. D.Praf. Anat. Patav. R. S. Acid. Par!/. Sec. ■ ■ ■ • ‘ JT Ds. Ger. Fred. Muller, Prof. Hift. lAAcad. Petropolit. Sec. Ds. lord. Antonius Muratpri, BiMiatb. Due Muiinent. Ds. Petrus Van.Muffehenbroek, Ml D. Pref. Math. (A Aften, Lugd.Bat. Ds. Philippus. Naudeus, Prof. Matbem. in Col. Reg. Joachim- , ftdbli &<■ Ds. Ludo*icus. delaNauze, Reg. Infeript. & Hunt. Lit. Acid. Parif.Soe. Ds.AntoniusMarchioNicolinus, Nib.Flerentinui. Ds.. JoK. Antonius Nollfct; Stient. Ac, Parif. Rxfer Cnrfter. Ds. Jofephus-dd 'Fluids. M. &.Pref. Med. Rome, Regi Archiat. T ; Ds. Johannes Pafleri, Pifaurenfs. . Ds. Johan. Cbriftoph. Bepufch. Mkf. Doffor. Ds. J. Ludovicus Petit, Reg. Sclent. Acad. Parif. Soc. Ds. -r — Phitfchner, Gonfil. Jntimue Magn.Buc. Etmritf. . Ds. Joh. Patricius Piers de Girardin, Parif. Ds- ■ ■ ~ Pitot, Reg. Scientiar. Acad, Parif. Sec. Ds. Johannes Poleni, Prof. AJlr. Patau. of , 2GW . ft.-Benedia.de Moura Portugal", VMpo^k " ° ^ 1 “r * R ~- * fe ** Di DidacHS de Revillas, Abba, HUronytp. &St. AkxiiinAvm Ds. Falcus Matchio Rinuccinus, Nob. Florentine ?Sr? c S' “*-.?• 7**. ««>/. p„, Di. Abbas de Sallier, Panfienfts. . J Di. Mattbsus Sarayva;. MtdUus Bra/tlimHi Ds. Samuel Scheurer, P. P. Ben,. * Is. Joh. Dan. Sdiopflin, Prof. Hift. Aremin SSt****** *-**&**.m.*ii* Di, Godofredus Sellius, J. U. D. Prof Hal* ' Dj. Jacobus Serenius, M. A: Sutcus. ’ ' " ■ ■ D> STm ***** Math - Prof. Di^Hen. Fnd. Lib. Baro de Sohlewhal, Ord. EhpbLiniN^, “• SoperviUe, U .ft ***.^' Di. Carolus Taglini, Pbilofopb,p„f. Pi fa. j. A rahamus Wembley, Genojfa J ft. ChnRoph. Jacobus Trew, M D. Noriler^nP, I ron, -SMI, r,,,,,,. titsfe vh ft , l “ us Aroiiet de Voltaire; tfafai, <$fe W ' a ”» >*■ Lf Of U.A: i t ®" 1 »** >•„/. shi 11A N l' M-- ..??? .... ... ■ ,siKD.»dj«&\ya £&r ACATALQ GU.Z' jii' F,llw s „cgJ and Lfayiates, •p\R. RICHARD TYSON; Rrefid^* JL/ D« Grace.- Charles, ■■ .-a. Hit Grace, John, DtifeapMontagu.V -'■. ■'■''■'■■ '• Sir Hans Sloane, Baronet; Med; Rig 1 ; £hel0’\- ' ^ Dr. Thomas Crowe, ThrcgmoriAiflrtei. ai-cA-K Dr. John Gardiner, £/*' Dr.Wmiam Waky, > Eliff^Gen , ard-flrett, St. Antit't. ‘ v ”1 Dr. Noelififoxolme, Sunburr,*Middlefex. : m,:.v! A Dr. Ralph Bourchier, Ormondrfrett. ■ S-s. W:.«T r.x-'H ;U Dr. William Browne, King'e-LyhniNotfclfc^ s*&W vl Dr. Edward Wilmot, JIM Reg. Jerniyri-ftreet: Dr. John Bamber, Mincing-lane. Dr. Cromwell Mortimer, 0een',-fquare,Holboum. Dr. JohnConingham, Elea. & Confer, Bartlet's-Buildingt. £: ¥ Dr. John Newington, Gr*oiwir£. . - ■; d Dr. Matthew Lee, Law-Eayton, EJfex. > -r-r, -..l Dr. Frank NichgHs, Lipcoln's-Inn-Fieldt., ,.'i,, ‘ ; T,i Dr. Pelham Joftiilon., CAaftr), Wefiemnfier. 3 /V. Abraham Hall, Charter-Houfe-Squart. • ,-u. iotfil. 0^&i§ i-f'| J N Dr. Matthew Clarke, Mincit!g-{ani, Dr. Robert Hopwood* Mancbifter. J)j Benjamin Mej. Rtg.^d.EakiUam^ Dr. Thomas Reeve, Throgmertm-ftreet. Dr. Ambrofe Dawfon, Bond-fireet. ^.Samuel HorfmanrW«4 Haitcn-Gardei. Dr. Jofeph Letheriand, Aldcrmanlnry. . > ■' Dr. Charles Cotes, CharlcY-ftrett, St 7ami*'< ’ Dr. William Battie, Cenfir, Great-RulfelMJi^' d v - Dr. RuiTel Plumptre, ^ dr. Charles Chauncy, Auftin-Friars. dr. Thomas Adams, Bow-lape ’ 11 Dr. William Heberden, Cambridge. candidates. Dr. Chriftopher Packe, Canterbury, n t a Li » c °I»'f-Irm-Fields. ir. William Mufliet, Hay-market. licentiates. klfeyT^ " .SamaelPye, Mile-End, * J ™ fcl„ hn ^ 0n ’ College-hill. Dr war ^ l UC f> Bur y-peet. ■ Wlim tlark, Bradford^ Wiltfifre. 209 Hio Dr. Peter Shaw, Dowr-ftnei. , ^ Dr. Michael Connel, Burlingtut-JImt. ‘ 1 ’ v ‘ Dr. Theophilq$ ; tqbb, Bagnio-jQmrt, Newgatttyitt. Dr. Edward iiMy^Na’ie^r-Jlwtf.by-Harieiitr^uart: Dr. John Andree, dujlin-friars. Mr. Benjamin Bofanquet, Bread Jirtet. x®«jGW»g(3 , ile;“:so"n ;;V; \:vIJI ’ L 5 ir&V£.S#// 0 jr,Kt.J . Otrfui \Ricb.Fox,L.?sisy-\ A UriJIi, ( Seal,& B. of Wine, f^' 6 ] Chrijj-Cb, King Htnry VIII. 1549 VmiVy, Sir T&omat Pofe % 1555* $/ j B i n (Sir TfoemtWbite,'] ^vlifdKSS;} ,ss7 > Jifii. . Queen Elisabeth. 1571, Magdalen, ■ Dr. Breton, Ma. |Dr.if/j 4 ,Mafter. Dr. Wyntle, War. 5 Dr. Bdgcumbe, l Reiter. \f)t/Hedges, Prov. Dr. Smith, Prov. |Dr.PW/ f War. 8] Dr. Ijbam, Reft. \Dt.Nihlct, Ward. 40 3oj Dr.y«o»r,Prefid. 20 22 Dr. Mather,?ttfu 01! Dr. Conyhear/Do. 1212. Dr. Huddaferi,?. 50 Dr. Holmes, Prefi. 1913 Dr. Pardo, Prin. . Waibaits, a i2 College ^Fou^ders,^.,- V (Nic.Wadbam,E( V 1 lfioQ - ^““' InndD^fifsWi: P 609 .5] Is^vilinn Pm&nx.. :_ i Aftronotm. ^ Pr. Bradley, Mr .Blip,. Rev. Dr. Hunt, jsavilian Profeffors in j Hfironop. Pralefior in Arabick. Reader in Anitotny. 5 Header in Anatomy. 1 Praleftor ofHl/lory. ' NhturdlPhilofobhv. Prieleftorin Chtniijhy. * , Univerfity Orator, i ' . Pneleftnr.i'n Mkldt Dr. Frehvtn, Dr. Jofifh .Brown, Dr. Thomas Hughes, Dr. lijle, ..... U,.Jhoma, Cawley,' PneMtorlin Moial PhiUph r - MuHwphryOMn Keeper'dfthe^*/ OT ^M; Mr. FrancnWtfe, of Tnn. Coll. Cuflos Arlh'mfuri. 'ft 1 ! Mr. Spence, ; l King’s Profefforof Modern Hlf. Dr. Sikhortt, ' PrSfofSj"' ' Mr. Lowtb, Profeffor of Poetry. Profeffor of Mujick. . - UN IV ER SIT r-OFFICERS. Mr. Henry Fi/her, Univerfity-Regifier, - Mr. Robert Eaton, of Phyfick and Arts. 1 tSSTfir* ^fqdre-Beadles. Mr. William Sbenoin, of Phy’fick and ArtO ..... . . .. , Wr. Htrtry Church, Virger. ‘ 0 3 ScarletrGoion Day; in the Univer/ity of Oxon. /^IrqjqiciCon.drNewrYeat’s Day. Vj Epiphany, or Twelfth-Day. Purification; w Candlemas-Day. Annunciation, or Lady r Day f .Serara# at New-College. Affenljfln; »r Holy-Tnurf 0 ay. Reftoration of King Charles II. or the jgth of May. ■" ' Jailer-Day, Whit-Sunday, Chriftmas-Day. Trinity-Sunday, Sermon at New-College. Friday, Saturday,-Sunday,^.Monday and Tuefday Mining he Aft-Time, at Sfrmpn, Congregation, or Convocation. All-Saints. The Fifth of November. All Pidjlicj: Thankfgiving-Days. Habit-Days in the Vniverftty of Oxford. The Day the Judges come to Town, Mr. Vice-Chancellor Heads of Houfes and Proftors meet at St. Mary's, and. the go to wait on the Judges in their Formalities. • AWLatin Sermons. Morning Sermons in Term-Time. AllSermons at Su Peter's, in Lent. Congregation and Convocation-Day;. Scholaflica, being the 10th oi February. The Day after Michaelmas, when the Mayor and Butgcjfo aj (worn at St. Mary's by the Senior Proftor. Book III. • Ol GREA.T-?»,ITtAIN. NUMBER LXIV. Ill ST of the Colleges , Halls, Hatties of the Founders, Tears when Founded, Numher'of.Felldivs end Scholars'of the Foundations,with Jbe.'0ft»t Heads of the-Colleges and Halls,and: the. Magtfir.aieu end other Officers in the Timer City - ihftColl. ■■ King Henry VI. 1441 58*21 Dr. George, <■" “ } '«*» 63 * C./%, j 1 1496 4. D ,. 4 >m,VU. { Margaret Co. of) WrAoi. & Drr£)v ( 15°5 > 5 5 f Or. Rook, Ma.. . Mother of King ( 1508 sy 115 Dr. Ntwcme, Henry VII. J Mailer. 56 Dr. Rook, Ma. 1 5 Dr. Nmcme, Mailer. „ K [Chan.ofJWWj „ „ „ l^iyColl. K. Henry VIII. 15466c 7c Dr. Smith, Ma. howl. \%Wal.Milimay,'l % H 5 c Dr. Richard/on, ’ wige, (Ch.oftheExch. J 5 4 Matter.-^ h-Zoll. Ico'of ‘sufex’ \ 1598 13 3 C Dr ‘ Paril > Ma> The Number of die Univerlity at this Tune is about 1486 . O A. t-ambridge. W?p HK& £V^ a ^ N ^¥!'* High-SteWaiir , ' - ! w { aru i — er . of s J“%-Ce%>, ^Vice-Chancellor. Mr. Southernwood, of King’s College, ) „ Mr. Ridlingtoh of Trinity-Hall 6 VPnSors. Will»m^e.,M. Mr. Barford of King's-College, M J ~ Mr.Rofs c/St. Jobn's-Co%e^ C Pice-ProBort. Jlfr. WraggV Emanuei-CoHege, 1 „ : ' ' ■ , ' Mr: Courtaife fl/Clare-Hall, - ^Scrutators, Mr. May of Queens-College, j _ Mr. Goodrich ^Caius-Coirege, f Taxers, Profejfors in the Univerjitp h D R. Wbgley, fKtgi ! «j,profa|'or of Divinity.. ,, r >f: iWWi ffirgarei, Reader of Divinity. JJr. iValhr, CafudlicalPjofeilbr, Dt.Dickins, Regius ProfelTor ofLaw, 11 . } IDt. Plumpirte, Regius ProfelTor of Phi fick. ' Dr. Bouquet, Hebrew ProfelTor. Mr. Fraigneau, of Trinity-College, Greek ProfelTor. Mr. MathemaiicafftofelTof. ■ ' ! - Mr. Chapfelow, Arabick. ProfelTor, : Pr. Smith, FvMw of Aftrbnomy and Experimental PhilofopK *——— Gibfon, M. D. of Jefus College, Anatomy ProfelTor. l h . aU [ t J r ?'” er ’ M ' A ' Profeffor of Modern Hillory. • 5 F? Bwkfor. Mr. John Martin, Profelfor of Botany. • v * , toph^’ — ^ki e> bPoothuariian Ljeflurer of Philo: Mr. Garnett, fen. of Sidney College, Lady Margaret'i Preacher. Mr. Youngs of Trinity College, Publick Orator. . • Vr.Middleton, Protobtbhothec. Dr- Pane, of Triptty College, Bibliotbec. Dr: Taylor, of St. John'} College, Regiller. A Philofophy A LSgick A Mathematical ARhetorick- Mp, Simpfon, Mr. Burrougb, Mr.Burr^ Mr. '■rLefturtr, annually • r • chofen. Yeoman-Beadle. • jrEfijuirt num- |pjcp Of S *£4 i n. Ztyi 'k-U'-’M B E R' jixy; ' '■■': Ec C L E SI AST I'C A.L GOV E.RN Mf'ilT 1 Weftminfter.' c - v>. Dean a»4 Prebendaries of Weftminfterr ; R'Jofepb Wilcoch, Bean oiWefiaihfir, and Lord Jf&hop. Prebendaries. - . ,f : / Dr, Thomas Manningham, Dr. JohnHuthe, M-. George Ingram/ ' Dr, JohnHeylyn, ‘ Dr. Scawen Kenridc, Afr. Hay Drummond, Dr. Thomas Hayter, DriThomas Wilfon, ’ -i ; ' j Dr. John Nicoll, > ■ Jlfc William Freind, r: • i Dr. Richard Bullock, Dr. John Taylor, huktr-General, Owen Davis, Efq; '' "— ChfttrCleri, Daniel Gell, Efq; Majkrs of Weftminfter-SchooL ' : - Dr. John Nicoll, Dr; James JobHon. , ; v ’ Affijlant-Mafers. Mr. Vincent Bourne, Mr. Franklyn, ;- ■ Mr. Pierfon Lloyd, • Mr. Powell. ' - v' ' . Ur. William Hemington, ' ■ J ■ Cl V ft Gov E R N M E-N T, • • v? C Buries Earl of Arrant Lord High, Steward of the City? mid Liberty of Weftniinfier. . . ■ /.Hugh Watfon, Efq-, Deputy-Steward, \>.Ci X- Peter Leigh, Efc High-Bailiff, ' ^ f Samuel Baldwin, Gent. Deputy-Bailiff, --,. v r;r Daniel Game, Gent. High-Conffabie, V : ; John Feary, Clerk of the Court. ■ 'j v j i, Roger P JaSn'j. 9 ^ Burgeffes. "I" " ‘ '. ' BUR. BURGJJ SS S. ;J S Sf S.TJ Iff $' St. Margaret's. Cap. Thomas Skelton, C^pi NieholasSpehar, Mr. William Goff. . ' „ , St, PaiiT, Covent-GarHeui '■ Mr. James Gordon, , ; Mr. SamuelBarJcer. St. Jnn\ ■ - J»fr. Thomas Hamley Mr. John Hodfon, ^.MonkSaviUe, ; 3t. Martin's. I^m.,' : . Jfr,. WiUiam Edwards, M-. William O«oq, i-.. L .v- St. Clement's. " . !’ Mr. George Francis. St : James's. Mr. Thomas Clarke, Mr _ Joh R : ■- ... u 5t. George Hanover-Square. Mr. William Shakelpear, , v ReSdftS $lfr K^H aio ' tt Com ’ sodl alib a' Court of Vy m:b Eriifi;^ a ' : A LIS - LieutiMii;jin0i fife Gw^iThomas. -Holies, Duke .^^Kewtcafe))^ Lord Lieutenant vf tie-County of Middiefexif \ ■ Tp H E RighrHoiipurable'Lord Charles Cavensti/h, | The Right Honourable Henry lord Vifcount iV»/n?«, The Right Honourable John tori Vilcbunt Chetvmi, The Right H&nburaBle Grtrj'r Lord Carpenter}- ■ ». v :£ -A The Right Honourable Wiltissm.L ord Suasion, The Right Honourable John Lord Vifcount Pereival, The Right Honourable/fewy Pelham, Efq; ’ .*/•; " ;t ‘l Sir John Rulhout, " Sir Thomas Clarges, Sir Robert Gfofvenor, Sir Hugh Smithfon, Sir, Roger Newdigate, Sir John Crofr, ' ' " : ’ Sir PeterVandeput, Sir Jofeph Aylofle Hoaldine, 8 ir John Heathcote, , Sir william Heathaote. K N I C H T S. Sir Robert Willmot, Sir John Gonfon, Charles Edwin, James Pe|ham, Gyles Earl, George Vaughan, "iam-Rawlinfon Earl, ' Gideon Harvey George Harrifon, James Cblebrook, »Cartwright, WliamSlogne,' :-. r .. JahnLa Roche, Charles Pplhm/ Chiles’Lsckyer, Robert Tothill, Richard Onflow, : John NichoH; • Charles Oatway/ Francis'Wdoliailbi^ John Elliot,' 1 Edward Aflie, ' ; ; James Weft, ; J; Thomas Walker, 1 Pl)ilipRpillon^ L ’ -Edward Barker, 1 Charles Crofs, Jofeph Hucks, WpW Sharp?, Gregory Beake, John Edwards, ofHighgat , State ,2 r T ’^r P e '« Elers, tt George Abbott, James Eckerfall, Peter Elers, John Ludbey, Frazer Honywood, John Nicholl, of Page-Strm Thomas Inwood, Wiliam Pritchard Afhuriy, Samuel Heathrate, George Howard, Charles Palmer, of Pinner, James Theobalds, Thomas Fothergill, Samuel Tuffhell, Thomas Smith, Robert Paul, Horatio Townlhend, Henry Fumefe, Thomas Clarges, Thomas Burdus, Efq-, Peter Storer, Efq. —-Lieutenant Colonel. Arthur Collins, Efq; Major. John Ellut, Ef q; Lieutenant-Colonel, Robert Riggs, Efq; Major. Red Regiment of WeflmMtr. “-— - Colonel, aaailTuffhell, Efq; Lieutenant-Colonel, Paul Delamme, Efq; Major. Pettr Forbes, Efq; Muller-Maller. NUM- lok^ill. Of 0’*% I H. number jlxvil,;.;,:: H list of the'Names of the Right: Honourable the Lord-Lieutenant^ with thet Honourable J&fc Peputy-Lieutenantse/ the Militia. pf'We.’Tow^ Hamlets, with , 'the;. Field - Officers*. Uaptams* Lieutenants and Enfigns; as alfofheStrfim^f sach Company, and Bringers-upc/ thf faid'Wf- litia i with the Secretary, Mufter-mafter, 5 Sur¬ geon, and Clerk thereunto .belonging.. TakenLOh the Twenty-Fourth dif Decemberrfu ;dw Ytar '' 'fcit j&efent §>tati Edward Bader, Efq; Receiver pfthe Tenth$. v \ n 11 William De Griy, Eiiq; 'Comptroller of the,,6irilrFruits aid Tenths, 150 1 . per Annum. ",,7 William Uavmtr, Efq; Deputy-Remembrancer Of theFirfl-Fruife ■ . ^ SwomClerks. . , ' NUMB E R LXIX. The Commiffioners and Officers/%, gpol:,p,er-Am mm t,. ; Mr. Henry Boucher, Secfetary and Accomptant. Mr. Thomas Mills; Cailiier. * Steyan Thurlby, Efq-, Regiller; 'Mt William Bennett, )#»7 Clerk of the Bonds. - Mr. John Nicholfon, Sollicitor. look lit 0f G R E A f -B RIT 4 1 Si Mr. John Penfon, Mr. Henry Boucher* Mr. Samuel feunbru ' Mr. John Roberts, Mr. William Seime^ Mr. Sackvile Olive. iMdTengersjn Ordinary. Mr, oacKvuc wiivc. i Mrs. Elizabeth Hafwell, Office-k< w: NUMBER LXXt. fk Commifliohers and other QB$ex% of the Duty arifrng from' Hawkers, Pedlars, and Petty- Chapmcn. , ■ 1 COMMISSIONERS. JIlliam.Luke, Efq; 1 v , Robert Bland, Efj} >eaeh tool. per Ainu- James Turner, Efq-, 3 Mr. Matt. Snow, Comptroller, J. , , . - Mr.Richard Tucker, Calhier, 100 '• Mr. Anthony Cratchrode, Sollicitor, jp /. per Amu ^’wSHenians, jaerH each fo/. pfr^nn, . Riding-Surveyors. Mr. Michael Bailey, ** Mr. John Brown,, . Mr. Thomas Meyfey,' Mr. George Marks,. Mr. Robert Glynne, , Vesch tool, per Ami. Mr. John Heavemng, ■ Mr, Robert Holdman, Mt Jeremiah Lloyd, Mr. John Jackfon, Mr, John Tidy, Surveyors at London'. ' Mr. Edward Twill, / V Mr. Edward Barnet, ( , . ' . Mr. Richard Pnoh >each ^ol.perAnn. Mr. Richard Ham* » y' r. William Arnoll, Office-kaperand Mdflfenger, at opt. fir Ann. 228 €&e,|>2efcnt State Parin, NUMBER LXXII. Officers of the Court in DoftorVCommons.' : D R. John Bettefworth, Official Principal of the Arches:! Courtof Canterbury, Commiffary of the Peculiars of the] Deanaries~of the Arches London, of Shoreham and CnjJa\ Mailer-keeper, or Commiffary of the Perogative-Court ofCa- terbury, and Official of the Archdeaconry of Bucks. ■ Sir Henry Ptwice, Kt. Judge of tlie High-Court of Admiralty of England, Chancellor of the Diocefs of Gloucrjler, and Official of the Archdeaconry of Middlefex. Dr. George Paul, his Majefly’s Advocate-General, Vicar-Gene¬ ral to the Archbifhop of Canterbury, Commiffary of the Pecu¬ liar and exempt Jurifdiftion of St. Catherines- near the Top of London, Official of the Archdeaconry of St. Allans, and Regiller of the Faculties. 1 ■. Dr. William Strahan, Official of the Archdeaconry of Ctldtpr, and Advocate to the Admiralty.. Dr. Charles Pinfold, Commiffary of the Dean and Chapters Wejlminjler, and Official of the Archdeaconry of Surry. ' Sir Edmund Ipam, Bart. Dr. George Lee. . . Dr. Thomas Walker. Dr. Ednvard Simpfin, Chancellor of London, Judge of'flu* • Cinque Ports, Official of the Archdeaconries of CanterlmM and Roche for. .Dr. Charles Pinfold, jun. Commiffary of Surry. Dr. Robert Chapman. Dr. Arthur Collier, Commiffary and Official of the Archdeaconry of Huntingdon. Dr. Robert Dole. ’ . ■ Dr. Thomas Salijbury, Chancellor of St. Afaph, and Coniraiiijl of the Dean and Chapter of St. Pauh. ' " Dr. Jofph Smith. Dr. William Wall. Dr. John Taylor, Chancellor of Lincoln. Dr. George Hay. Dr. Robert Jehner. . . . Dr . -Andrew Coltee Dsicarel. , ... ... i Dr. Richard Smallbrooie; Chancellor of; Liichfeli and Dr. Dennis Clarke. Dr. Francis Topbam, Mailer of the Faculties;- i John Bette fourth, Batchelor of Laws, Commiffary of Middlefex, and Barking. " REG! :s § ft s n M i a 6 (5-^ <5 S' is s is £si »3» dr pufent state nun. NUMPER LXX1JI. Government of the City of LONDON, MfMi, oal. Civil and Military. . Pcc'tfsiASTICA'L GOVERNMENT. * I "HE Right Reverend ED MV St), Lord Bifbop of JL Lmckm. ., ‘ Dr. Jofepb Butler (Bilhop of Bfifiot) Dean of St. PaxPs. Dr. Samuel Baker, 1 Dr. john Tjiomas (Bp. of Peterborongh,)^ Canon Refidentiaiici, Dr. Cobden, S Mr. William Gifcfpn, ( Dr. Francis Allhy Y Dr. Tho. Cartwright,:) Dr. Aftry, Treafurer, Dr. Booth, Chancellor, Mr. Edmund Gibfon, Pracentor. ' • P R E B $ N D A R 1 E S. S London,’ , Sdlek Colchefter.. Walker, ■ Oxgate, . Brifcoe, Ealdftreet, Cobden, Cadington Minor, Baker, Eaidland, • Bader, Dean, Pprtpool, Aftry, Hpxton, Wilfon, finlbury, jackfon, Cadington.Major, Pelling, ‘‘ Tottenhall,. Edm.Gibfon, ‘Ganders, Smith, . Newington, Allen, ‘ / ' Pancrafs, . Grpy, ' i: ' •' 'Mora, Walker Ward, Mapelbury, Cartwright, BrowhfWobd,”-: Jackfon, ' Wenlpcks&fnj Unwin, . BroOm(btflyj' , V;: Thomas Church, ChiiWick, ’: £ i‘ 1 ; .. . Bulkely,. ‘ " Sneadng,; Archer, .• 9 c. K :n ^oiRpgmerej’-':"'-'^. ' 1 ''' . Tbmlinfpp, (dead).Chamijerlain^jiod, - J H^iefton,'. Bpok|II. Of GRjEAT-BR ITAIN. 231 Dr.Hvilcox, 'tt&orn,^ ' , ]) r . John Hume, Weldland, Mr. Jofeph Butler,Iflington, Dr. Marten, ' ' WiUdeh, : Mr. Spateman, Reculverland, Dr, Heylin, • - NefcOn, Stanley, Twyford, ' ' " Dr. Thomas/(Bp. of Peterbo- per ^ Dr. Salilbury, Cominiffary to the Dean and'Chapter,. 12 Minor Canons,. , • 6 Lay-Vicars, 10 Chorifters, ’ =' . 4 Virgers, ' Hon, John TalbOt. Efq; Steward of the Courts, Marlh Dickenfon, Efq; Sollicitor, Edward Gilbert, Efq; Principal Regifter, Mr. Leaver, Deputy Regifter for Leafes,. Mr. Searl, Deputy Regifter for Ecclefiaftical Preferments, ———Flitcroft, Efq; Surveyor of St.- Paul’s, ' Valens Comyn, Efq; Clerk of the Works, JamesComyn, Efq; Receiver, . St. Paul's, The Rev. Mr. William Rayner, Subdean, fen. The Rev. Mr. Dechair fen. Cardinal, The Rev. Mr. Hilman jun. Cardinal, The Rev. Mr. Lloyd, The Rev. Mr. Cooke, "=■•■■■■ TJie Rev. Mr. Warnford, The Rev. Mri Pinkney, -r TheRev. Mr/ Pearfe, The Rev. Mri"Eyam, TheRev. Mr. Fitzlierbert, ^ The Rev. Mr. flailey, The Rev. My. Wight, _ Dr. Maurice.GreenJ Organift. • Vicars.QoraU & . Dr. Greene,; " : "J rr.W rtfli,*.’ •.] Mr. Rowe, . 3 . ■ Mr. CherritQn, V .yi v> Mr. Wafs;‘r.';';:.;'-; _ <..< Mr. Paildon,' 1 '"' , • ;»-i.*,-,. ;t,» Mr: Savage,", , f/rptrS ,ff Savage, iUmanpr/rid Mailer of the Choullers. 1 tp tike Patent State Part ii, C I V I L G OVERN MEN T, ' ■ . Above the CHAIR. 'TP H E Right Honourable Sir Robert Ladbroke, Knt,' Lord-- X Mayor -:- ..Caftle-Baynatd. Sir Robert Bcylii, Kpt. ——-- — • Bread-lira, John Stray, Efq; Recorder. Below the C H A I R, iir George Champion, Knt. ■ 1 - ■■ Bridge viilim. Sir Jofeph Hankej, Knt. William Baker, Efq; George Arnold, Efq; — Sir William Calvert, Knt. . Sir Samuel Pennant, Knt. ■ Join Blackford, Eft}} Francis Cakaytu, Efq; — Thomas Winterbotiom, Efq; . Robert Aljop, Efq; — Crifpe Gafcoyne, Efq; Edward Davies, Efq; Edward Ironftde, Efq; Thomas Ransslinfon, Efq; Sir William Smith, Knt. William Whitaker, Efq; Langbom. -i—r Baffilbaiv, — ■ —- Cheap, — Ponfoken, Bifhoplgate. Cripplpgate within and withal. Coleman-ilreet. — Vintiy. Queenbitke. Cordwaiw. Broad-firftt - Aldgate. Lime-fireet. soa&i** Sir John Bofworth, KnU Chamberlain. Thomas Garrard, Efq; Common-Serjeant. jilih Man, Efq; Town-Clerk. Sir John Bofei'orth, Knt. Receiver-General of tlie Lan^Tax for. the City of London and Wejiminjler, $nd • Cc™* «' Middlefex. _ ' if ’ Judges of the Sheriffs C Thomas Uajfel, Efq; j Cpqrt,; ' '"\William Monton, Efq; Two Prothonotaries. ward and Northward, juft about lit. Richard Pats, . r , r and near London. Vacant. -■ •• li =!• • .4 Vi ' Gotoher for London. WilTtam-Stewart, Efq^CIdrk- John King, Efq; . i of the Papers «.the ?*«%-.. . . . .’"• r vGbmpter. ,• - Mr. Hugh Man-lot,’ Auditor.' mmcakWilUJbe;^, Clerk Mr. JSsCrumfe, Clerk of the of the Papers at Wood-Jireet- Compter. Four Clerk-Sitters at the Poultry- Compter. . Mr. Peter Bur ton. l 4 r. James Moist, . llr. William Steward,’ Four Clerk-Sitters at Wood- /«rt-Compter. Mr. George Crew,. „ , Mr. Thomas Sheppard, Mr. William Cahert, ' . ' lit. Richard Bnfi, Fanner of the Markets, the City of London. Chamber. • ; ... Mr. John Smith, Cleric to the Comm iffionersof Sewers. ‘ Mr. Johs PHe]!, Cksk ofthe Court of Conscience. Mr. JoJias Contife, MtlWillm Reynolds, Beadles of the fame Court. Mr. John Merman, Keeper of Newgate. . Mr. John Davis, Keeper of Ludgate.' Mr, George MaJon, Keeper of the iWty-Compter. Mr. James Lemon, Keeper of Wood-Jireet-Qomptet. Mr. George Dance, Clerk of tie City-Works. SOUTHWARK. Richard Romman, Efq; ju(lite Coroners for Middlefex. ,M i Wright' of Better-land, E% . John King, Efqj' , Thefe twp djvide the Conn- _ ty, the, forrjief. haying Weft- William Moreton, Efq; Steward ward and 'Northward of Lin- of the Borough. don, and v ,j|(e ; [latter; Eaftward, William Stetkard) Efq; _ "” and fome’ other,Parts Wpl^- pf the Borough. •for the Borough. Jaf Pickering, Efq; Clerk Comptroller of the Bridge- N umI'e r jlmpleat LIST of the Deputies and Com Council-Men of the City of Im&txi, chof 11/0/December (fang St. Thofpas’j Da the Tear 1747? _ v . • , ■' 7/Wr * Mark denote tbt New Members D 1 Jofeph annerfgate 8. Ichard Bayley, Deputy Samuel &atps jofeph Rofe John Underwood • Samuel Ballard, Deputy Robert Henlhavy Richard Reily . ’Robert Evans,. ; . Sisgate 6. Thomas Harrifon, Deputy (Mopher Fullagar John Hall Jofeph Sdbbs John Hill ’Thomas Cockfedge. - . ? 5 affifl)aj» 4. , William Coulthurft,.D${(fy Francis Cooper^ . Samuel Fludyer ’ ' Samuel Ellis. Sillingfgaje 10. Zstg*!* Edward Robinfon John Cheney Henry Cowling ? John Willett S Penfax \ ' ■ • und Stevens Robert Roffiter. JGitljopfgate 14 Thomas long. Deputy George WyWe Jonathan Medley' ' William Cramond Samuel Vickers William Munday Henry Hajl Jo hn Tuff William Huliey ^ Richard. Chapman John Holland, Deputy John Forty Uppington Bracee Jpta^than Farr, v Sjeaiffttet i* Robert Cz&y.Deptiiy J ohn Sedgwick' • J,? ames Budgett William Woolley John Tod Richard Witts Henry Spencer John Fawcett Thomas Smith ; * Jonathan Barnard * John Jenner William Williams. Benjamin Tyfon, Deputy Cornelius Herbert * .Richard Waikden James Hodge* ■ Major-Cores Child * Cornelius Owen Ambrofe Hammond John Goodyer Thomas Gillmdre‘- Chrillopher Taylor John Loveday StephenCooper Jofeph Gonfon ■ George Bafkervill Thomas Pritchard. ■ John Clarke, Deputy . John Cotterel i. Jonathan Ware Thomas Warren; . Samuel Guillum Timothy Helmiley Robert Bilhop, E/gi: • John Weare i ■ • ' William Whitaker William Chapman. CanDletoick 8. Samuel Ofborne, Deputy George Middleton' Peter Thomas, gfe. Richard Speed ' . tJ / Samuel Gordon 7 : •RobertKite . /Jjv George Hoare ' William Tyfon.. r - CafflebapnarD io. Wiliiam Hunt, Deputy Benjamin Crook ; ' Nathaniel Naih * John Willis ? RobertTerritt * William’Hipper Robert Willifs ' William Gyles Anthony Lucas, Efgy. Cfpp i 2 . John Skinner, E/fa Detuh ’■ Samuel Sedgwick Robert Waite Charles Worrall Thomas Wilfcinfon John Watfon Samuel Bridgman ’ LeonardPead • Thomas Nalh Thomas Jones ' Thomas Burfoot * Thomas ChelTgn. ColrmanllKft 6. John Lloyd,. Deputy Thomas Peftill- . Richard Stratton • Hemy Pointer William Kemp William Hay ter. Co#toainet s, John Dayc, Efq ; Deputy George Dealtty- ' Percival Pqtts f , William Caldwall ‘ ‘ ... Joiiah Colebrook " 1 ' ;■ Joiiah Colvill . , William Reynolds . Richard Blunt. . Co;n[)iH fi. Bourchier Cleeve, Deputt William Meadows ' James Walton Francis Ellis .■"•■ ■■■■■■■ • Thomas Cogan. ' k * George Sherwin: Crijjyto 'Book III. of Grrat- 6 r-itaim. '237 CripplCflatc within^ 8.. ^atingjon ^ut 16: Thomas Elton* Deputy v Richard Molineux ■ John Knight. Peter Moulfon . Robert Elliot George Stead ■ Hollis Bull. James Mount. ' St .Sepulchre's. . ■ Robert Gamon .. ., Cadwallader Coker Charles-TaylorBallard y. William Savage , John King John Hughes. St. Andrew Holbcurn. ; Crippiegate without 4. John Wallington, Deputy WilliamCooper Samuel Mackley ./ Oliver Hunt. gDotogate 8. Thomas Curryer, Deputy Peter Hambly •William Watts Richard Swithin •William Shemelt, William Stephenfon John Abbington Ihriftopher Robinfon. Chriftopher Horfiiaile, Deputy Thomas Nalh, jun. ■ St. Dunftan Weft. ’ ’ > J John Child, Deputy William Hart Samuel Cranmer. St. Bride\ Samuel Rutter -. Charles Gardner John Sibthorpe. ‘ St. Martin's Ludgate. ~ Richard Nutt John Barton. / Jfacingbon within 17. Richard Sclater, Deputy Thomas Parr Robert Stringer James Price Michael Martindale Jenner Swaine JLangbojn 10. William Barton, Deputy Charles Afgill JohnTownfend James Anderton jofeph Baxter John Brown Edward Newman Henry Siffion •Maurice Griffith George Harrifon Samuel Seawell * John Paterfon * Thomas Rodbard * Thomas Smith, Daniel Taylor John Springett. ^Litneffreet 4 - Giles Vincent, Deputy. Samuel Southoufe John Fleetwood George Mafon. jonathsnGrSBger, NUMBER LXXV. ■ ' ■ ' • %■ ly" iifi Military Go_VERM;M.|^5g A IJSt of bis Majejlfs Commifionersof (be’fleu- money for the City of London, by Common w£r the Great-Seal of G reat-Briiitin. . T H it Right Honourable Sir Robert Lkd- broke. Km. Lori Mayor, end tie Lord-Mayor and Al¬ dermen for the Time being .' John Stracy, Efq-, Recorder, and the Recorder for the Time king. ' Baronets. Sir John Heathcote Sir Kenrick Clayton Sir Francis Hafkins-Eyles Stiles. Knights. Sir William Jolliffe Sir James Creed Sir Charles Egleton Sir Thomas Hankey, Esquires. Thomas Alhhurft William Alexander Jofeph Bell Jofeph Beachcroft Bryan Benfon John Badcock Humphry Bell James Brooke John Bance Nathaniel Brafley Williani Bowles Meyrick Burrell Samuel Baker William Braund John Brillow Daniel Booth ’ James Budgett -Edward Browne John Blofs ' Clement Bellamy AJathews Beachcroft 1 J : £ Richard Coope James Colebrooke - Delillers CarbonneT f ■ 'J Thomas Corbett ; h Robert Cady v ! f ; Richard ChiTwell John Coggs ; - Richard Chattncy George Champioit - * v ;£ John Cox ; ; Theodore Cock ' ‘ ' Windmills Criimpton James Carter ": V - Richard Clay -- < ^1 William Chafe Daniel Collyejr ,vk>; John Daye Thomas Dine] Charles Eyre Hemy-Samuel Eyre John Edwards Zachary Foxall • WiUiam Fawkener Samuel Fludyer Robert Fotherby John Green ' John Grant Harry Gough Daniel Gwilt Valentine Grimilead Francis Hole Richard Hodgfon Henry Herring William Hulfe Nathaniel Higmore Wilh'am Hunt-' H° State uPiutai Miles Halfey Richard Jackfod Clayton Kieiirick Samuel Kent . Matthew Kenrick JohnRnaptoh ■ - ' Robert Lovick John Lancafhite Henry'Lafcelles David Lequefne James Lock Benjamin Longuett Daniel Midwinter Thomas Martin RogerMamvaring Robert Marih Georee Martin . William Marih Matthew Martin Cornelius Mafon Richard Martin Samuel Newey Nathaniel Newnham, St/t. Nathaniel Newnham, Jun. Samuel Nicholfon John Ogilvie James Porten William Poyntz Nathaniel Primatt John Paine .. Arthur Radclifle Edward Raddiffe Thomas Rous , Thomas Ridge. ' Richaird Ricaids Benjamin,Robiiifon . . Robert Southivood Samuel Smith .V i Charles Savage William Selwin JohnSkey <• Alexander Sheafe- Thomas Salter ! Edward Saunderfon Thomas Sikes Samuel Tatem Horatio Townfend William Townfend Thomas Thomas Jacob Tonfon ' Peter Thomas Robert Thornton Noah Timer John Wowen Jofiah Wordfworth William Willey Arthur Walter Jofeph Williams John Young Hitch Young. Edward Groie, Clerk. John Shipfton, Muftr-Mafur. Paul Ferris, Mejfengtr. NUM- Bdbk III. Of G=RE4i?|Bifci^Aj(N. NUMBER LXXVI. A LIST of the Commiffton-Officers in .the Six Re- imnts of Militia of the City 0/London, 174$; • I. The Red Regiment.’ • ' ■ ' • '•Tf r ffis „ Robert 4 Capt. William Harris, juni ,1 Bayhs, Knt. Cal, - 5 Capt. John Dewilde. J 2 John Hawkins, % Lrnte- 6 Capt. James Tomkins, Pen nanl Colonel. . 7 Capt. Peter-Duthoite. 3 James Carrington, E/ r , Ma- g Capt. John Gibfon. L I EUf E NA N TS. ' William Harris,/ra. Capt. L' 5 William Jojinfoh. : John Mock. 6 James Tomkins, 3 John Speed. - Tomkins, ~,jun. , 7 Jeremiah JJatley.,. , 8 Benjamin Bjacketen, ENSIGNS. .. t Robert Rutty. J Morgan Bates;. 1 Janies Hornby. 6 Jofeph Johnfon. 3 Jofeph Lowe. 7 John Renfhall. 4 John Bates. 8 John Painter. IL The Green Regiment. 1 The Hon. Sir Edward Bel- j Capt. Jofeph Hickman, taiy, Knt. Col. . 6 Capt. Benjamin Cole. •' 2 Henry Tame, Efq;,Lt. Col. 7 Capt. William Howes. 3 John Major, Efq; Major. . 8 Capt. James Miller. 4 Capt. John Marchant.. lieutenants. 1 Lewis Davis, Capt. Lieut. 2 William Seager. 3 William Parfons. 4 Henry Hemrick 5 Charles Blackmore. : 6 John Powell. 7 William Jackfon. 8 Peter Stutzer. 1 William Lovelace. 2 Harris North. 3 ■ 4 Richard How. .• ENSIGNS. . 5 Robert Herne.' 6. Benjamin Cole. 7 •• Ml/- 8 John Rymer. III. 2,42 •:: Cije ^eCent State' . Part II. III. The Yellow Regiment, t The Hon.' Sir John Thomp- 5 Capt. Edward North. Ton, Kr.t. Col. 6 Capt. Francis Nixon. 2 Anthony Seal, Efq; Lt. Col. 7 Capt. Benjamin Ingram. 3 Thomas Rutty, Efqj Major. 8. Capt. John Furnilh. 4 Capt. George Pinckney. LIEUTENANTS, s John Barwick, Capt. Lieut. 5 Nehemiah White. 3 William White. 4 John Midgett. 1 Richard Peake. 2 Thomas Purfield. 3 Daniel Jennings. 4 John Fairchild. 6 John Lind. 7 Lindfey Bull. 8 Jofiah Cope. ENSIGNS. 3 James Byfeld. 6 James Young. 7 Francis Burford. IV. The White Regiment. 1 The Hon. Sir George Cham- 3 Capt. Samuel Wilis, pion, Knt. Col. 6 Capt. Edward Wolhlonecrsti 2 Richard Martin, Efq; L' Col. 7 Captain William Cinrke 3 Co'es Chi d, Efq; Major. S Captain Peter Same)'. 4 Capt. Ofinond Cooke. L I EU T E N A N T S. 1 John Walker, Capt. Lieut. 5 Gilbert Cample!!. 2 n*u r ' e! R °S ers ’ 6 Chriftopher Rundle. 3 Robert Green. 7 Henry Caftle. 4 George Price. g Malcn Victor. 1 James Walker. 3 Henry Wards!! 4 Alexander Webb. ENSIGNS. 6 W'illiam Poyne . 7 William Bonham. 8 Peter Poe. V. The Blue Regiment. r .TheHpn SirJofephHankey,. ; Capt. John Day. writ. Co!., .j 6 Capt. Thomas Pancbo’jrr.r. 2 John Gittrns, Efq; L' Col. 7 Capt. Thomas Jeffrey s. ; Sarr.ue, Palmer, Efq; Major. S Capt. Edward Davies. 4 Capt. Thomas Fowler, /«. LI 3E^arfFiHCh. r ;.V,;,-;. . , 7 -Richwl^ttfc^ ^ .no! ^ThbmasFDwlp,j|«»^' ; ^ 8■ Kam^Vi fagg. n r ‘ ’(am™ >■ ENSIQNS. ' J 1 ° 1 Charles Applebee. •'• 5 Riithard Simplon 2 John Cox. •'" : 6 John!Tate. v-,,-;. 3 Samuel Lahgfdalfe Palmer - 7 George Lotte 4 John Hatt : 8 Matthew ft&M.-iriViW \ VI. The Orange RegifttnL i The Hfln. Viliam Baker, 5 Capt. 7 Efq; Col. 6 Capo. William fiowiek"". 4 Richard RifcaWs, Efq;L l 2 3 4 Col. 7 Capt. John Wijkihs ■ 3 William LUcfe, Efq; Major. 8 Capt. John FareST : " r ■ A 4 Capt. David Hannott. ; ,. eieU'Te n a m s: . '".; 7 <* ,■ i JofephHimti Capt. Lieut. 5 Jp&phHptvie,, - a Samuel Broadhmft. .. 6 Francis Hemfworth. 3 John Ward. ' 7 Beiijamin Rackibwv. . . 4 Stephen Pans. 8 Thomas Ribright.. v ' 1 Thomas Howett. 2 John Saville. •; 3 John Spiller. • . 4 Peter Hannott. E.N S 1 G NS. . v; • 5 William Whaley. 7 Robert Willis. . 8 Philip Stanley.. NUMBER LXXVIi; LIST of General Field-Officers, with the Dalit - 'of their Commmijfms. v ; Captain-General. ' 1 .; JJIS Royal Highness the Duke 7 March Field-Marflial. Lord VifcountCobham Generals of Horfe Sir Philip Honywood (Lord Mark Kerr Foot < Robert Dakell f'Gervais Parker" Horfe J Earl of 'Hartford I'Sir Robert Rrdi 18 March 174I Thomas Pauton . George Preilon Albert Boigard William Barrell Baron de St- Hipolite Earl of Weilmoreland Sir Daniel O’Carrol Sir John Amot ; - j • William Hargrave Henry Cornwall Henry Harrifon Thomas Howard Sir John . Cope John Jones Richard Philipps Roger Handafyd HeniwHawley LordTyrawley Duke of Bolton Charles Otway Phineas Bowles - Lord Cadogan Sir Philip Honywood .—. ■ t feh ‘ Lord Mark Kerr —— 2 Feh * ; 4 Odder. Vi Dec.. \: 18 July ■; 25 Jprilp.i 2 S' April , 27 May 27 May 30 May 31 Mgy ,' 5 ■: 22 June 3 : 4 s* 27 Septr.-r: 1 077 . .. 4 oa: 4 Oa.■- 4 Oil. 4 oa: • 4 Oa: : - ; 4 Oa :' 4 oa- : 4 oa. . 4 Oa. .. 4 oa. 4 oar 20 Nov. iiadA ijra] “"•'’‘hifiti 174*1 • r W 4 |: ’ 1 ? 4 t Li, 74 ? >? 4 t > 743 ' :,l 743 ! 1743 *743 ,' 743 : it -Nov. *9 Ndjh. 7 Fel¬ ly Feb. 9 Aprii 9 *743 *743 ■Mti -* 74 ; 174; Jams B&bHII. Of James Abercrombie:' . : . --.' Lord Vifcount Bury. : . . ... . Henry Holmes ... Sir Andrew Agnew. : - Robert Napier ■. - Richard Lyttjeton'' - - Alexander Dury. ' ——_. Francis Leighton — Hedivorth Lariibton Charles Fiizroy. - - - ,.-- . Lord Robert Manners --- JohnMoftyn . .-- John Scott • ; . — ■ _ Toby Rocayrol, Brevet ■ . - Edward Pool - John Waldegrave - urjftiN. 2 'j.g. 16 Aprils iTsuigly^r- wl? C Tru’ ‘ 9 i us ' W ,ft Troop Horfc Guard, William Pinfold, . 23 Dec. 1717 OfFarrell’s " : ‘ ;' ? Ward Whitworth, , J anl 7,$ z d Reg. liragoon Guards, John Parfons, 87^1721 2d Reg. Foot Guards - Alexander Gordon, 28 Feb. I72J Wardour’s ' ’ Wfem Bellenden, 3 Apr. fyi t Late third' Troop HoHe Guards. ." Ward Legg „ • 5 Apr. 1 7 zi 2 d Reg. 'Foot'Guards • - a le w-H y ’n 3° % a - 1 734 1 ft Reg. FootGuards; - fcMiamPearce, 1 Irwin’s. -• : - S m Y r, S h ,V :. 7 J-“b *737 Hamilton’s^ .. M7 Lani 2 1!onlere > 9 Z u7 J 1 737 3d Troop Horde Guards. |terRe„ovard,. : _ ,o Ma, 1738.Browned - ' . ' Banicl Degennes,-, '' William Lethulliere, Richard Hemmihgton, Thomas Corbet, -.' * Rhilip Robert', ' William Erfkine^‘ Jibes Paterlon, - 7 Janes Cunningham,' Ceorge Wallh, " : Chides Croibyj ' Rstegrine-Tho, ijopibn, Edward Tyrrell,.’ ' RPeter Halkett, pnHorfemari ^ , ’.. N ^iieifaul,.Y' V. t8 Jug. 1739 De Graiigjues’s.'- 'i . 7 No- v.1739 zd'Reg/ Fopt' Guafds/ ' 3 AiSzJ 1740 ill Reg. FootGuards. : S.“‘2J.740 2d Reg. Foot Guards”" ' 13 /«»•'• 74r 2d Troop Horfe Guards. 21 7?”' , 74t Cope’s. . 24 Jan. 174I Cornwall’s. : - 7 2d 7 a »i*74l Lord.George &iuclerk’s. 26 Jan.\fo~ Powletts, 'J ■ 29 Jaii.i 74^ Kennedy’s, 1 ^ ■ ! 3o.7‘ , «- , 74t Fuller’s. J 1 ; td-vi.' lijan. ijtf Wynyards; - V; 1 Feb. i 7 4§- Lee’s. ' ' ’ ' 2 Feh: 174I Warburtdri’s ' 7' l : ‘ r 1 3 R 2.j74? Mordaunt’s/' s ';j : E^Watd Matting ' J^hflAldercorir, .> RJeLGuyDickens; Ejdjwd Carr, •■. , v Benriet Noel; r Hug^Macquire,-, Alexander Duroure, John Leighton, . .... Charles WhitefoVd,. . Jagieslnnes, John Ramfey, ; Theodore Dury,... Robert Caiherwood, Samuel Gumley,... J ohn Sabine, ;■ . biiathan Driver,. Nathaniel Mitchell, . Mitchel Doyne, Lord Gfiulftone, Lord Charles Hay, GeorgeRofcawen, George Stanhope, " • Etirldf Effingham,- > Lord George' BCtitick, 'Andrew Robinfon, Philip Hollywood; William Kingfley, William Barrard : • • James Durand,-' - Paul Mafcareen, George Howard,’ ’ • Hrtm &tate v jPartu, . i-Feb.. 174? Wolfe’s. sM; 174? Hargrave’s. -.. ~ 6 Feb. 1 Lafcelles’s. / , * 7 ^- « 74 ? ill Reg. Foot Guards 10 ' 74 ? zd Reg. Foot Guards.' ' 15 fw, 174? Bruce’s.. .. i-j:JpK. 1741 Ancram’s.. . z. 4 - Apr.. *741 Frafer’s. . . T : 27 Apr. 1741 Cockran’s; ■ . 28 Apr. 1741 Guife’s. 12 Mar. 174I St. Clair’s. ■ , . ■ 30 Mar. 1742 Poole’s. - 31.Mar.1742 Battereau’s. • 22 ^1742 1 ft Reg. Foot .Guards. 1 22.Apr. 1.742 1 ft Reg. Foot Guards. «5 May 1742 Kerr’s. .. 22Sepr..1.742 Churchill’s.: ', 3 Apr. 1743 Reade’s. .. I . b Apr. 1743 1 ft Reg. Foot Guards. 7 Apr. 1743 r ft Reg. Foot Guards. 9 Apr. 1743 ift Reg. Foot Guards. 10 Apr. 1743 Conway’s. • 11 Air. 1743 ad Troop Horfe Guards, 12 Apr. 1743 ift Reg. Foot Guards. - 9 J*»er 743 3d Reg. Foot Guards. • 2 3 'J 1743 Bland’s. ' | z8 Aug. 1743 3d Reg. Foot Guards. 25 Dec. 1743 Trelawny’s. : . - 20 Feb. 174I ill Reg. Foot Guards, i • 1.7Afom74.3 Philipps’s. ; 1 \ . 2 Apn 1744 Lieut. General Thomas Lord Robert;Bertie, Thomas Coka^rie, • Alexander HCrdi), Robert Rich,' Francis Ofrbay, ‘ ' Sir Jdhh' Whitefoord, Thomas Dunbar, Jojm Campbell; Jafpar Clayton, ' - ‘ William Whitmore, Charles Gordoif; Charles Powletr, ■ James Cotes, • Charles Jenkinfon, Edward Legafd,' • Daniel, Webb; 1 •• - JofoffcMeley, Edward Cornwallis, ' Howard’s. • -. t i Apr. 1744 2 d Reg. Foot Guards, 29 May. 1744 Pulteney’s. ' 20 Jam 744 Oglethorpe’s; . ■ 24 Juw 744 Barrell’s. - 9 Mar. 174* Wade’s. •. ' 19 Mar.174? Rothes’s. 19 Mar. 174? Folliot’s. ■ z; Apr. 1743 Loudoun’s, i May 1743 Colonel Murray’s; 1 May-iyjj jdReg. Foot'Guards. i May 1745 Laforey’s,. - • 1 May 1745 Agnew’s. ', ; J May 1745 Richbell’s.- . ■- ■ ;' 27 May 1 745 Royal Reg. ofHi Guaids; '27 May 1745 Beauclerk’s. ■ 27 May i'745 Sir John Ligonier-d. 27 May 1745 Skelton’s.- 27 May 1745 Sackville’s. William BopkJII. of: Q &EA X AjN. 2j.g William Peter, ■- v-M -if May 1745 4 th Troop HdrfcGtijifcg Francis Hildefley, v 27 May 1745 lft Reg- Foot Guards, John Lowry, • i: zjMaj r 74 f jd Reg. KootGuatfe T Charles Perry,- 1 •• -•• •• z^Mayi-j^ 2d Reg. Foot GuirdS;^ JuliusGsefar, - ' »■ 27 May 174; 2d Reg. Foot Guards. - ■ Lord Cathcart, ' 27 ^7174;. 3d Reg. Foot Gurflfc-v : Lord Charles Manners, 27 May 1745. 3d Reg. Foot GuSrd£ v Joleph York, * 27 May 1745.2d Reg, Foot Guards. tS William Tennifonj- 1-Jam 74; Otway's. , Philip Ghenevix, * * xjunei 745- Bowles’s.. Thomas Butler, 1 i 7 «#«i 745. By Brevet.: • ..'J Bolder Hutchinfor), ■ 22 Torrington’s. Henry Ravenhillj ‘ zijuneiy^ Frampton’s. John Aiabin, \ ■; zijunny^. St. George’s. ;b,' John Bell, ; ' 22 7««ei74S Harrifon’s. John Monroe, . 7 July 174; Lord John Murray’s, C> John Fitzwilliams, 23 July 1745 ill Reg.. Foot Guards. - Robert Anftruther, 3d July 1745 Anftruther’s. - r . -i' William Acourt, 7 Aug. 1 745 2d Reg. Foot Guards. - Charles Montagu, - • xiAug. 1743’ Rockland’S. Robert Ellifon, ■ -■ ■■ "i SeptAy^- Shirley’s.- - : •:;«.!,bi William Strode, zoSept. 1745 3d Reg. Foot Guilds; 7 Lord Lindores, 20 &//. 1743 3d Reg. F’oot Guards. ' Earl of Lauderdale, 20 Sept. 1745 Handafyd’s. • John Steuart, • 1 Oil. 1745 Deputy Quarter'-Mailer General. ■■ .b Mathew Sewell, - - Thomas Brudenell, Vifcount Malpas, ■ John Creed, Earl of Scarborough, ■ •- John Mordaunt, - ■' Gilbert Vane, ; Richard Herbert,' •' •- Alexander Vanderduflen, 1 Samuel Mitchell, 2 \ John Parker, 2 Ea'rl of dlehcairh'e,-; 2( John Forbes, ;■ £ If. 1745 Granby’s. : ‘3. 1745’ Edgcumbe’s. 3 . 1745 Falmouth’s; ■ 3 .1745 Gower’s. -1 ; 5 .1745 Halifax's. ; - * 3 .1745 Late Harcourt’s, tfladi Major • tV Bari-dPsi March 26; 1748,-L.'L S..174; Major to Richbell’s. 3. 1745 Montagu’s Ordnance/. ; 3. 1745 Earl of Cholmortdeley’6.. 3. 1745- Montagu’s Carabinier’s. 3. 174; Ancaflers. ■ > ; r ■. ■. ■ 3. 1745 ’ Kingllon’s; •- 3. i 743 Berkeley’s. - 1 7 ; 1745 : Lord Herbef Fit- ■■■; 3. 1745 By Brevet. 3: 1745 ill Reg. Foot Guards. w.1745 ill Reg. Foot Guards. • • w: 1.74s' Major to Powletl’d; - ■ re. 1743 Deputy Quarter-Mailer ■ General. - . •c. 1747 ill Reg. Foot Guards:: David J 0 “?fM#|P?il I-/ f) • nJ‘*i 7 il 2& Re*. g^SIipS^; ?£ f h r “ gha ”’ *S 1 74| Pemnure’s. Tl^l C f r /‘ ’ 1:^46 .ftRcg-Dragoon.G^ l i‘ 4 r, / | 7+6 ill Reg. Foot Gaadf : ,6 %• *746 Qs arter M after- Gw^i ;. • ' : on the Expedition uni , , General St.Clair.i 3 Q 4 '< 1746 ift Troop of HorfeGiK nadier Giiaids, 1. iMay 1746 Bragg’s. j~\ j - i-a A% 1746 Holmes’s*:-: . . 1 imothj Jofeph Hudfon, Hemy Er&ine, John Duvernet, George Joycelyn Peter Denial ft*®#*"** -e ; n 1746 Holmes’s*:. Mark Anthoijy&urin,-; 24 Aug. 1746 Hawley’s.,' ' t^r C ° j : ? ! ; « *%• 1 746 Campbell’s.. George Lord Forbes, ' 1 Janies Lockhart, ' Archibald Douglaifs, Sfeifigton Talbot, Robert Armiger, Court Knivet, . . 11 OS. 1746 Fowke’s. 2 Feb.- 174! Johnfon’s.- ‘a Feb.tiAk a £It l r | e u^ D0 !"' gah &-\j% CraXdV Archi^ peuglafe, - 4 ,7 4 | Richbell's. ;j -*»• »74y Dai*wns..' . .i-c.v - 7 \Rr^. 174.5. I ft Reg. Foot Guards.;-: rwhiLTcTu ' r • 9 ^f‘« 74 y 3 d Reg. Fobt.Guards*;: k!S** ^-’ „ - '747 3d Reg. FootGuards*': 11, ,8 ^-'74 3d Reg. Foot Guards*A; §n dh»faH°dgfon. #r . zM-ij# ,ft Re g. EootGbafc: WsWhite; .28 7^**1747 Tyratciy^B.; j l '5TeiG- , i74| Blakeney’s. .Iv PeppereU's.::i-.. V. Eveiyh ; vhadwick.e, i v 1: 16 TebAi4 His RoyaErHighneLtfe . Duke’s Dracnons. , 7 ’&&t, 74 » 2d Reg:'Fiopt Guardi JoSa^ktf - ~ £g. m^74{ Folliot’s: J-.usd .*sdj Mwatd Sandfordy y • ;v iffefr (743 ill Reg. FqotGuanfen if UUi .j v ,»-y iror 174* uc i\.ez. rooujuanw. WilhanaBrowne; . - ift Reg. FoolG^it)s .'4 James Halyburton,,; - ; MWrfc-Jytf 3 d Reg. FootGuaHsJA ‘ WlebA. 74I ill Reg. n!; 'T. C3 - 7 «t> jollanMac ; Ga%^;;^^ fZjr “Majojefc '•• vM rFr ;.;vcC JiunesAgnew,; ,<>■* Thomas Weldon,: ;..- Paul MaUde,/;- Jsdwatd Browne,... ; Ghriftopher Glarjges, 1 Jahr. Adams,; 1 - ; Armand Du Peron, . . Daniel Picquiere,'.; 7 . Charles Otway,.,'. i Marcus Smith,'... JohniSeve'rn,;. William Rufane, Jphn Chambre,'. Richard Bowles, James Forreftcr; Robert Abbott,, Stephen Otway. John Caulhflcj, Thomas Mathews, John Ball, ., Joleph Prefton, •• Charles Clarke, Peter Chaban, Edward Wills, George Gray, ,, . Charles-William.Tonyn. Richard Bendifli,. Newton Barton, . . . Charleton Leighton, Henry Gore, . Sir James Chamberlayne, Richard Madan,. ,. . , Charles Rainsford, 4 Jpr.- iiis cope’s. .v ; • ~ : ::p 30 ^.1736 Wardour’s.- .1; 7 .; 12 July 1737 De Grangues’s. v . 10 May 1738 Browne’s, jSfp/,,1739 Mordaunt’s; (■ ; •••; i Dec. 1739 Handafyd’s, 4 Feb.ru;4% Wynyard’s, .■ ,,r . Irwyn’s. ' A l,j 9 fti. 174I 2d Reg. Dragoon Guardst 13 Feb.Xj4 1 Hargrave’s.. ' . ." - 21 Feb. i 74H LafcelleV. , . , ’ zqjlpr. 1741 Ancram’s. 1; . 3 May 1741 Blakeney’s, 7 * 7 '■ ; - 13 A/«r.i 74y Hamilton’s. •.7 .' . 20 Apr. .1742 St. Clair. , . .. 24 Apt-. 1742 4th Troop of H. Guards. 19 Apr. 1742 Read’s. . . J , 7 . 23 Die. 1743 Trelawny’s.. 14 JI&71744 Frafer’s. , 1 7.W1744 3d Reg, Dragoon Guards. i'J u b 1744Biigb’s. ... 31 Aug .1744 zd Troop, of H. Guards, 31 Mug. 1744 .Cobham’s. . . . 7 V 9 Mar, 174-J 3d Troop of KL Guards, 19 Mar, i74f ill Troop of. H. Guards ■ V)Mar.i;4\ Rothes’s.. 1 Jlfoyj.745 Cornwall’s. ; .■ 1 May.t74j Bland’s/ ’ 77,7 7 • T dlday '174; Laforey’s. 77.7 1 May, 1745 ?d Troop of; H. Guards. 1 May 174; Royal Reg. of H, Guards. 27 [May 2745 Sir John tigqnierls'; *?J%J 74 S Ma j° r of London. 27-May, 1743 Sackville’s. - 0li ■ ?7 Ailay 1743 Lord HenryBeauderk’s, 27 A%i74s Johnfon’s., : ; . 7 J 27 A%.r74j. Hawley’s, ^ 7 ‘ 11 Jutti. 1743 Otway’s.'.," .,‘ 7 V,, ,l juni 1745 Bowles’s,' 7j7 fifrPiefeitt S>tat£ Partit '* 2?7»« i' 74J Colonel % JohnlReMi '/ - 2? June 1745 TornngttmV::;. ; Robert.'BeB, - , : . 22 Ju/tt ijtf Harrifdn’s... 1 Thomas Erie, /•■;■' 22 <745 St. George's. William Mackenzie, r^ymvj^ LoudounV s .^ ' Beiijfflnfii Rudyferd, ,26 July 1745 Fowke’s, : " .; William Horton, • 30 July 1745 Oglethorpe’s Marmaduke Sowle, • 15 ^aj.1745 Bockland’s. James Mac Donald, 1 Seft. 1745 Churchill’s. James Johnfon, . 20 Sept. 1745 4th Troop of H. Guards; John MomppiTon, 27 Sipt: 174; Bedford’s. • : Francis' Grant; ^ / ' 1 'Oil. 1745 Lord John Murray's! ' Charles-Henry Colins;' 4 Oil. 1745 Lord Herbert’s. . ; 1 James Burleigh',. ' ,' 4 Oa. 1745 FaldnoothV.'-‘ William Johnfton, ' ,'4 Oa. 1 745 Berkeley’s. Montagu Wilmot, 4 0 . . Edward Stillingfleet, . 20 Mar.1. fat Frampton’sl- William Gardiner, 23 Afi. \71Js Kerr’s.' William Twifden, ^o 'Jprl 1746 1 ft Troop of HorfeGrt- ....... ; nadierGukrds. John Idttlehales, ' .30'^.^746 Shirley’s. Sir Wtljlam' Boothbey, .»2 May t ,746 Kennedy’s. WiUiamirbwney " . 12 flfey v i'746 Holmes’s.' ■ 1 ■ George Moncriefe, ' ■ ajdfoy'T 746 Anftruther’s. William Thompfon, 24^. 1746 ill Reg. Dragoon Guards. John.Crolbie, , 25 ^.'17746 Campbell’s; 1 '." -'/ '; Carbline-Fredenck Scott, 30 ^.1746 Guife’s. ' 1 Hugh Scott, ' 2 2 Mow: i 746 Fullar’s: , Bigoe Armftrong, ■ .. t z.'1^1746 Folliofs.. I: ' ! ' , William Markham,-, . 1746 Poole’s. '" ’ ''. 1 James Adolphus Dickeh- 2-Feb. 174}'Dejean’s i. ibnUughton, . 6 Book HI. z Cyras Trapbaufl,. ..-- 3 Feb. 174i.Lt. Gen Tho Hnn/ j. sss^RiK Ifeg^ws CharlesLiandafyd,. zfiMar. 1747CWarrell’s, ' %$/: > 747 Conway’s,’ -V 2 /«/y,t 747 Pulteney’s,; Henry Rich, Charles Handafyd, David Douglafs, Ralph Burton, Charles Lawrence, John Craufuid, ' Robert Douglafi, Sir. Geo. Suttee, Hamilton Lambert, Robert Dalrymple, Thomas Young Richard Field, Edward Momby, William Robinfon, 1 Charles Moreton, ! John Barnard, Thomas Gage, Cea'll Forrelter, r“747Leighton’s,. ,, 1 17 , u! y 1 747 Fleming’s, • 2b Aug. 1747 St. Clair’s, i9$ept. 1747 Naizorr’s, 5 0^. 1747 Bragg’s, V 28 Nov. 1747 Tyrawly’s, ; | Dee. 1747 Skelton’s, 16 Feb. 174-JDalzell’s, 22 Feb. i74-|PJulke’5, ' r ‘ 23 Feb. 174! Lee’s, CadwaHader Blayney, ' ’« M Souvay enCe;BreV '1 '74? In the Eaft Indies, SeWa, ^goons. 1 ’ 9 4''- >748 til Troop of H. GJuards* earrifin,^ Land Forces for the Year 1 74S. Numbers. HO RSE. Pay of Troqps ■, 1 and Regiments - rp_. for 366 Days. Total. 1 occonu ditto • • LRoyal Regiment of Guards 335 DRAG oo Ns ’ :* oj J Third ditto ; ; (.Royal Regmcnt of- Dragtsi /. r.' <7. 16958 • 16958 10900 14- 10772 12 36ns T- 9>7®7 ,f 29958 17;6 “ - > 96 | 4 J* 4 ,; - ' 9,684 .14 ' ,^?3 ,5 •• ' 2 3'6$3,. 5. : .23683 5 . Num- F Earl of Rothes' i t «; 538 ■ F. Sir John Qofe'9 ■% :> .18 S. B. Lord V\(c.Cobham's ’A, S. B. Lord Mark Kerr'* s 435 JO. Colonel Naisut£i .,-. t 43 r /.His Royal Highriefc ) 4 ,, the Dske’s., f_ FOOT. . f ill Reg. of F. Guards 250? ^ i Second ditto ,1866; «o I Third ditto 1866 F Fitft Bat. of Lt. G.l ' St. Clair's S 977 F. Second ditto. ur 7 5 . B. Lt. Gen. Thomas 1 Houiarifs Regiment J 977 Jtfl B, Lieut; G. Barrels- gyy $.- 2 L. Lieut. General Guife's 815 i F. Ljeut. General Wolfe 's or, 7 5 . B .'Colonel Borland's 077 ' JV. B. Lieut. General Skel -) • ton 's f 977 F. Lieut. Gen. Pultensf s 077 N. B. Col. Herbert's |i S S. B. Lieut. G. Harrifon 's 815 N.B. Lieut. G. Handafyi s 81 c AT. F Colonel Folliot's 815 F. L.flforgeBtquc/erk's qyy F. L.,George Sackvillt's g \yy F:' Lieut. G- CampljeWs 977 . F. Lieut. Gen. Flujke 's 077 K: B. Eail of 'Ancram's' 8,5 F Earl of Panmure's 077 N. B. Lkui. G. B/dieiiey's 815 F. Lieut. Gen. Bert’s 1 077 F Ld. Henry Beaitflerk'i 977' & 1 . Colonel Ltigkfcn's qyy ' F. Lieut. G. Johnfon's nyy f S. B. Mai. G'. Chobmohdelif s 077 5 S. B. Maj. Gen. Fleming'* 577 F. Colonel Dejean's 077 F Lord Jeb^MartiJsuio Bpbk III. orp:R,EA!if-kp^|^Li N . ?JS 7 ' \r \, Pay of Trootts Tot8L F. Colonel Lei's • 977 18 in'-Xf' 1 U. Colonel Murray', ft. 2 g . j • r . * M. Colonel Lafctlle’s 815 ' * 5,2 .ri f. Colonel' Conway's 977- • •' •*? ' M COM Bateau', 20 $ { ^ JY- F. Earl of Loudon's 1045 , QI2 5 ,, . E.I. Twelve Independent) „ 9 Companies ' 5 ' 3 s * 23716 16’ ' 4 °i*S 774506 Ji6 , INVALIDS.. . S.i. Col. #Wow’s Reg. (t{ . 00 ,- ,, ' " ' ’ > . S. 5 . 25 Independ. Com. 130b . 2IIII .5. ■ ...V „ Garrifons, with Fire and > ,8l S*—— 32c8o 2- Candle J 37029 9 9 * • Contingencies , QaQn ■■■'; .• , - Forrage and Waggon Mo-') 3 • ?ey to the Battalions J. >3j86 86' i ■ in Flanders. ' \ ' —■—-—Soair .0 — «°4»; tg 3 * •267376 15 9 1 w 49939 *267376 ij 9f ft' TkTr 00 P s Regiments Lettewd, */ e . N.B - - Nmb-Britam. *•"- -Flanders. -Eaji Indies. 1 ,, . > - cf hit Majcjifs p me! j n ^ Plants:... Minorca and Gibraltar, /cr tie Tear ^ . Numbers. Pay ; %*• 36$ . Total ^nthe P LA R T AT 10 N S. . . .. 4 *. f- , r ^ Providence. 't #MWW: **« jjfc, h • . f uc , S?4 6 , j^7 1 - .v ,i , &&e#?efent Staler* /XwJki Brought over .. 45 s 9 83557 i 9^ ' Ga’rrifons at Anapolis Rpy-'l al, Canfi, PlaceitticrV 2878.8.9^, sai St. John , 3 - 1 . t Officers of the Garrifon I .• wVn : at Rattan. i ' v At Cape Bretqn, n - „ ■ • Col. Shirley's Regiment 1144 2° 3 , .u, 8E&&fe- ■'% 5S : _ J^. !9 ,J2i2 7ms . Officers of the Garrifon !> . at Lowjbourg. J ' ..»03416- In Minorca. Major Gen. WynyartT s Reg. 815 Colonel OffarrePs : 815 Lieut. Gen. Anflruther's 815 Colonel Kennedy 815 (Officers of the Garrifon. 15259 15259 i'5259 15259 3 3 ■3 : - \ 3 ~~ 61036 12 6700 .8 9 In Gibraltar. „ Brig.Gen.Fowl’s Reg. 815’ * 5*59 Lieut. Gen. Hargrave’s 815 15+23 V . Lord Tyrawiley's 815 i 5 z S 9 3 " Major Gen, Reai$ 81.5. 15259 3 - , : is ,■ 3260-^— ' : 6i-20I 6 Officers.qr the Garrifon. . 3759 7 Provifions for Lieut. G$n.T * • .Philipp's Regiment in ■Garrifon at Annapolis Royal, Canfi and Pla¬ centia, deducing four Pence per Dion Out of the Subfi&mce' bf' each. Non-Comir 4 iffion Officer and private Min towards that Eiperia. Remains to be Hewn By : the Government. .. 2839 7 11 9 : ’ Norn-; I Provifions for the feverall Reg u . at Gibraltar . J Provilions for Maj. Gen. i Oikthorf s Regiment* - ■ at Georgia. ■ 3 ’ IPiavifions for the Inde- 1 pendent Companies at > ■ Providence. 3 IProviGons for the Com-,/ I panics at Rattan. J ■Provilions for the Reg**.-j-- T at -Cafe Breton. } t Total largeofTenReg".' Marines, Anno 1748. . Gen. CburchiWs (cl. Holme's ———• lordVifc. Torringti p)l. Cochran's —— M, Lsforty's —■ | lieat. Gen. Cornwall's I Jordan's - — ■ ■ I Jajor Gen: Pavj/elt's j . no Agnew 's J Total of Marines 11550 t nce to the Ten Co-1 Isin lieu of Cloath- / , ipg to make their per-> fonal Pay goo/, perf Ann. about 300/. each. J ' Cloathingthe Ten Re-1 I Marines / I and Charges attending f l“tingendes, ' J Numbers.'' Pay of Troops • Total. ■' and Regiments for'366. Days ' ' .*■/•/. 4 i. a ■ 24000 *445 10 .456 s 4161 579°* , * 11 350634 14 t| each. 17185 16 94 eatii. 17i«s8 7 n 3tat^ ! iMffi fbe CB^'^ye^a^itiii'GeMeralStaff-Offictrs , v ' the Hofpitals' for his Mojejlfs LaH^'forces] Anno 1 748., . .' ’ .; Gepetal aiidGtifi^ral Staff-Officers ,- 4390713 5 GificeK.i9,F 5 tpe ; Hijfpitals • . —~ ' 626715 foraee.fct the General'and-Staff-Officers in — 1 *»' FkXs.: . - - ;, -- ■ ] ■ £ 538.61 3. Lift of his Majeflfs Forces,in Ireland.’ ■ • h o r s e... Colonel .ysi/i Brown's Regiment. -MajarGeneral Thomas Bligh's. , ,i Lieutenant General Phineas Bowie's.: - DRAGOONS. LotiMolefworth's . . ■ Lieutenant General Richard St. George's. Major General Henry Degrangve' s. Major General John Mordaum's. F O O T. Lieutehant General Alexander Irvins, Lieutenant General Charles Otway's. Colonel Edward Poole's. Colonel Jolm Battirau's^ Book lit. of: Lijl of the Cover no Callhot Cal Carline, Edinburgh Caftlc, Gravcfend and Tilbury Jo%, handguard Fort, St. Maws, ' Pcndennis, Hurft Caftle, Plymouth, Portland Caftle,- ■ Portfmouth, . South-Sca Caftle,. Shcernefs, Stilly Iflands, Sarborough Caftle, Sterling Caftle, Tynmouth, Cpnor, r "tt William, Windfor, Yarmouth, J i'"/Wight, Sandown Yarmouth Caftle, ' and Lieutenant- Governors in Great-Bdtain C Governor,. , \ fixm/st Heater, \. • t Lieutenant-Goverhbty Colonel (rt'ee • 1 ** ’• . s l ; VGovernor,- - ■-Lieut. GeW/off*;-•- L Lieutenant-Governor, Lieut. Gen. Howard J-Governor, ‘ * Earl of Chokondele,'. < Lieut. offWCaftle,. Lord John Seville - (.Deputy Lieut, ditto. Thomas. Halts,- s Governor, JohsstosU( Cajjiiit ,. {.Lieutenant-Governor, ' ' • ' Governor, Thomas Panton, J Governor , . Lord Mark Kerr, 1 Lieutenant-Governor, Lieut. Gem Prefix ‘ V Governor, ^ • 2 Lieutcnant-Governbr, Sir M<, Lambert, - J Governor, ■ • ■ Cbarlet Straban. Ef q: . • L Lieutenant-Governor, C Governor, , Maj. Cen. JVW l Lieutenant-Governor, Lieut. Gen. Jones V Governor, ' Lieut. Gen. UamL; ~ /Djputy-Governor, Major Grant* V Governor, t Lieutenant-Governor, Colonel Beake> ~ 5 Governor, Lieut. Coli. Cracbrode," t Lieutenant-Governor, Hayes, • Captain, Col. Duroure . C Governor, Genera! Barrel!, ' L Lieutenant-Governor, Col. Houghton. ■ Governor, ' Lieut. Gen. Hufc, y Governor, John Earl of Dssmire. I Lieutenant-Governor, George Gibbon. Governor, S ; Wiliam, . C Governor, . Lieut. Gen. Honyiotod. l Lieutenant-Governor, Deputy-Governor, Capt. Smith. y Governor, Lieut. Gen.Hufie,' ‘ < Lieutenant-Gotenor,- -Capt, Evans, ■■ J Governor, • Earlo (Godpltbin, L Lieutenant-Governor, Gapt. Godclpbiir, ■ — Governor, ' - : • Thomas IKE, Efq. . ' ' y Governor, Earl of Loudoun. t Lieutenant-Governor, Goll. Abercrombie, J Governor, Earl of Hertford. I Lieutenant-Governor, V'nry Villen, Efu: pConftablc, Lord Cornwallis. t Deputy, f&, '■ t Deputy-Governor, y Governor, , unite ot St. Albs t Lieutenant-Governor, Capt. Oliver. Governor, Col. Tnmther.d. V Governor, , Earl of Per,[mouth, t Lieutenant-Covernor, — Baivlsi, Captain, Captain, - David Wertdey. Lord H. Pavilet, Major White. Maj. Gen. Guife. . Lieut. Gen. Eland. Alexander Campbell. Duke of St. Albans. "mi Ciiinbrook Caftle,{ifsggjbn^/f f. : * • Cows Caftle) • / Captain, Col. G, Howard,. r .* a.LXe ' m ’“'*-* '■’^Cowncfr, Lieut. Gen. JMk l Depmy.Gowriior, Major Gqfttf., £ r/ ^be Charge of bis MajejlfsGarrifon'sb - •• - r v tw..BE~RH r J c K. ■ ■ • tt k-S al .per Dim. I /; The'wholePayjpr ■ amounts to (including } ’ that of tHe'Governor of the Town and Caftle), ,j And jfomhe .Support of his Barony, as Governor 1 i\- of; the Laid Town , . . J TVthe Lieutenant-Governor — — For the Pay of Blackneft Caitle, including i6<. ? io 5 ' “TT. .'l 10 5 ,Scawriughipa{&§i-': wivrfr■i.v; ;; y.y, r~ ' Sterling, induding.toj.the,Go.wrnpr s; ,t6/ ? ,5^. ? ./ .fryy 1, . and Lieutenant-Governor,-amounts to ••.pp,) ^ ■ Titmduth Cdftlepi oonfiftlng only.of'^Go.veraor I and Lieutiiunt-'.GovernQr, amounts topp,. J .> tv-r- Itookiii. ‘Tower of LONDON. > • iSal t yper-Diem, . 1. r. }. To the Conilable and Chief Governor . ■ ‘ f — ; 3 14. g| Lieutenant' -7 > A, . v V'\* I® 4 ' Deputy-Lieutenant ■- > ;••— » -• ~ 'i 0 0 Chaplain, . --— . ' 06$ Tower-Major ' ■■ -— b to o Surgeon. ' ,''!r—— 'O va-."® Metier-Gunner.. .— '' o ; *!-o • Four other Gunners, 1 s. each " -—^—>— o 4 0 Gentleman-Porter - . ■ ■ — ; 6< 4. ■ 7^- Forty Yeomen Warders, i s. 2d, each • ■ 1 :i v6 ,18 Pbylician ■ —— - ' •' o io -.b Apothecary ' ~ — - --- o a 6| Gentleman Goaler ' ■ o g tb Water-Pumper - —— o O pf Yeoman-Porter, for Oil and Candle for the Gates o ■ b io~ Scavenger — vr ■■■ - -——— ' o, 0 4 Clock-keeper and Bell-ringer ■■■ " ■ ■- o o aj Repairs, Intelligence, and fweeping the Chimneys q .-,.tv jf Fuel for the Warderp - t- ' — q 0.4* Total — to 7 ncluding Upnor, Ctdiamuood, an(J ^ M. 34 •7 9t : *4 o n 10^ a 6 Vpmr Callle, Gillingham Fort William Witidfor Latlle, including to th? Governor:}/. Jjh of Wight, comprifing Sahdtpun Fort, Yarmouth! ’ Caftle, Carijlrcok Cattle, and Cowes Cattle, in- * eluding to the Governor 1 /. 7 s. /fed. _ To the ^ Lieutfnapt-Governor 1 /. The wholeis . Surveyor of the Guardi being the Perfon who. looks after the Repairs" of the Horfe-Guards in:j and about St. James's Park apd the Tilt-yard „ To St, James's Park Gunners, 15 t.6d. with the' Allowances to the Fire-mailer, to the Grena : diets, to th? fifejjengers of the ; Seflretaryv:to the Forces arid' ' Payipaftpr-Generafc .»'■ the' : Drum-MajortGeneral, to the ProyoQ-Mailer- General and his Men; to the ^arrack-Mafter^J* .,j 4; General in North-Britain, anil the' ; Batfack- ‘ Mailer in the Siivoy\ to 'tHe'Suig^orof the Town and Cafilejof Inverhtfs, and’ the Bar- . rack of Berifera, KiUicbuimah, and Rival of| fattened, in all ter Diem — ' 1 . R? RefHs c> •' •' '." f - fir Ann. 1 . j. j Vpr Berwick -■ *—?■■■»■ — • '^oo.ft.a 6 Blacknefs Caftle —-r- — 10 o ' o Galjhot Caftle : ~~ —• — 10 o . 0 , Carlijle ■ -1 . • ■ 1 361ft o Gbefier ., —. — ■ 30, '0 0 ( iinque-Ports <— ■ — -*• 18 0 .0 Dumbarton Caftle . —r ; " -30 ;0-of Dartmouth ■ - . - ■ — 18 5. 0 Edinburgh Caftle ... .. — . s- 20 o.'-o Gravefend and Tilbury . — -r-. 73 0'0 XSttcrnfey, •«- 1 — . . ;. — • 40 0 tf #*//, and the Blockhoufe . . —— - . 337 q a ; tinrjl. Caftle ~ — 18 0 0 jtrfty IfliUld -r -- - "- . — ■ . 63 00 Bandguard Fott, —, . . — ■— 18• ’0 .0 St. Maws *>- — , — .10 0 0 Pendennis - 1 ■ ■ — 1800 flymouth . 9 > 0 0 Si-.-Nicholas Ifland, and Mount Batten — 3600 Portland Caftle ■ 10 0 0 Portfmouth — — 500 0 0 Inverneft, and Fcrt.-George ^ — 140 0 .8 Sbeernefs 91 0 0 Stilly Ifland -' -r ' . -r-' 18 0 0 Scarborough Caftle — — —; >0 ° ? Sterling Caftle . ^ . 20 0 9 IFinmiuth Caftle .77 . ..“7 .?* 0 ® Tower of London. . 'V '■ n— - •' *r ~ I2 7 P- : ° IW — - — 20 0 8 Fort-William, /or. Frigates,’ Boats, and Bedding, ) 0 . l0 , 0- Fire and Candle'.s : —" — ) ’ • Wind/or t ‘ -- v- r ; . ' , --— . ... -9 Nortb;Ygrmouib > .:'t 'n‘ : ' " '.’ i ' ..10 P 1 JJle 0/Wight ... /' -r-i-;; , ... • - . 54 P 0 FortheBorfe-Guards, in theSvhole ..•««*., , 35 .?-,® For the Toot-Guards, id the whole” 450 1 ..S for the Guards ttof dq'iDuty « and } . 0 .,q 7 thp CSjhnohgatd::;.'.! . - S .. To the Barracks in the Savoy, including-.Af -1 ,, 0 p.q ■ {endanpe, jndaUp^W Incidents rr’.A- J 7 '" : ■ -• r Tma!- 552 ? 5 3 ..•-7P- ■ •-' ji U Book III. OfGREATrBRIT AIN. 263. NUMBER LXXVIII. Governor and Staff Officers of bis Majeftfs Garri- fon of Gibraltar. per Dim, /. J, L ieutenant-General William Hargrave,. Governor. 200 Lieutenant- } Go.’.™- — -5 ' 00 John Hampden, Efq ; Commiffary-Gcneral of Stores 1 and l’roviiions, for himfelf and Clerks j 1 10 0 Mr. Jeffery Skins Chaplain to the Governor 0 6 8 John timing, Elq, Secretary to the Governor — o 10 o ll’iliiam HolLvay, Efq; Deputy-Judge-Advocate, ) and Commiifary of the Mullers . — - J 0 10 0 U'iiiiam Claimhau, Efq; Town Major —— 050 John Tyrell, Town-Adjutant —— 030 Mr. Jama Penman, Surgeon-Major ■ ■ ■ 0100 Mr. I hn Srocmnd li'AHnm Dinannell, Mates o ; o Join Peck, Erovoft-Marlha! —u— 0 4 o Mr. John lhminui Graves, Signal-man - Cl o Mr. Uemy Iranian, Turnkey - o 1 o Total-7 8 NUMBER LXXIX. Governor and other Staff-Officers of bis Garrifon of Minorca. per Diem, J AMES Lord Tyrawlev, Governor Lieutenant-General Elakcn y, l.ieat. Governor i-ordVifcount Iruin, Commiliary-General of Stores and 1’rovifions - - James Auchmu’ty, Chaplain to the Governor iimrgi Memer'uf ( Joint-Secretaries to the Go- 1h ophiiui Baneon ( ^ vernor ] Sir Anihny ll\ftcemb, Bart Dcputy-Judge-Advo* cate, ,md CominilTary of the Mullers- S h>rt Prumpion, Captain of the l’orts Har-vty, Provoft-Marlhal ——— J'.rn Cajlil.o, Signal Man ■■■ Moncrief, Fort-Major of Fort St. Anne _ ^fsil'akeman. Adjutant to ditto --- Cockerell, Surgeon — ,anit/ Cairell, Mate to ditto v 1 '-■* Majeftfs N U M- 4$* Wpllftttf l fat-SP JuIfiER LXXX. ; Office of Paymafter General of ibefavd-Forcei. ■< RE Rj|ht- Honourable William Pitt, Efq; Paymallth James Grenpill,‘E 6 ii Deputy. 1 pefigrihe Furjj, Efq; Jofepb, Jndrews, Efqj- . .i T George -Albot, Efq; • Anthony Satuiwr,- Efq; , ., - Mf, Humfrey portman,. Gent, Hit. Robert. Rdndoll, ,G$nt. ■ Mr, Edward Wheeler,Sltsst. . ; : . " Mr' Jdh, Mill, Gent . . ■ Mr. 'Join Heffe, Gent . Mr, William Jackfin ». Chamber-keeper and Meffenger, , Miy . .. JJeputy-Meffengef. • ;\ Mrs. Mary Hunt, Neceffary-Woman. . ■ - N U.M BEK LXXXI. . ' i- . - War-Office. . . ^T* H E Right Hpnourable Henry Pox, Secretary at War, \ -I EdwardEloyd, Efq; Deputy Secretary, ■ TlJomtts S&crnvin, Efq; Eirlt Clerk. Mr. Gilbert Elliot, Mr. J.obn Cdlctdfii Mr. John Btidd, M|. James Reynolds,- Mr. JohnCh'/spstsaA, . Mr James tilake, Mr. Daniel DpifVifnay, Mr. Harman 'leeer, Mf. Jobit Orgate, Mf. Fkautis Matthews Mr. John Daws, Mf. Robert Pierce, w. Bell Lloyd, ■ Mf. Join Woohombc, . „ . . . Paymafter of WidQWs Ppnfiom, Edswarf St, Hill, Efq; Mr. Thomas Machin, Houfe-keeper. Mif, Charles WhiffitSy-UtKe^et, , >. Clerks. N 0M- &poju& " N Jlil B E R 1», Salaries per Dtti»\?4i * it'i T HE Right HonourableJF/ 7 /W1 Payroalfer General, > i. 'i ,£/%* The Right Honourable Henry Ftp, Secretary to > * * .. the Forces. - - ' ■* ■■■ - ■■ — ' ' ■ Sir Philip Meadows, and the Lord -Vifcount Middle-^ ton, Comptrollers of the Accompts of the Army, > Ihmas Gore, Efq; Commil&ry General of the) . • • • > Mullers, forhimfelf and tWo CIerks ■ ' ■ « ’ •' j * ■ •*:. o 10 o' JohnWi,, V f ‘ src SC' K*» •— ••• Jhmas Ckolwici, J William Crudge, Efq; CoramifTary at SciUy, —— 0 2 [It - Chiles Lc'Giyt, CommilTary' at Guernfey and ] Q h ^ %aai Morgan,F5 q£ Judge-Advocate-General, and ) for his Clerk and Deputy at Jerfeyisxi Guernfey y ° 10 Charles Ingram, Adjutant-General - ■ •; ■ -t o 0 Lieut. General Bland , Quarter-Mailer-General —- I o o Dr. Edward Wilmot, Phyfician-General — o io 6 . -, Surgeon General i—- ~— o to O : George Gamier, Efq; Apothecary-General —©io o'.- —- 1 —■—-, Efq; Secretary to the Comptrollers.) of the Accompts of the Army > —-- ; ' I Lieut. General Bland, General and Commander in ] Chief in Nortb-Britain , —-- > Hk Aid-lie Camp and Secretary ■ . .. . Major General jojbua Guejl, as Brigadier to the ] , v .-.VI ■Forces in Nortb-Britain i - ' > J ^ ?f Lieutenant Colonel Clayton, Major of Brigade —• V O ld ;d' f Wp fyfyr, Efq; Secretary to die Forces in North- 1 vAA jj - Mm -: ■ — \ * 0 -V- : . AvU .Asifc O id © s ] i ! 4 > # Sal. fir Din Charlu fhft Weir,- Commiflary of the: Mullers iq j . :-ltirtbSriiain, ■ -—7- — *fc’ I of the Court-Martials in f ■ ■ AVe/rib-Britain. \ . . -—- J Colonel Tkimtltfcellei, Peputy-Quarter-Meller- ? fpbn^RaJeiti Marihal to the Horie and Gre? > ‘ •‘tr—/ •;-r—r-.r-j - Mr.' Jbmit Hayward, Provoll to the three Regi- J toents.of,Fopt : .Giiards -1-J M&;7ji«riaK/,. Surveyor of the Guards -- M ujtba Surveyor of the Barracks In the| Mr J^^^ir'(/i»,;Fireniafter to the,(Srenadiers ~-* Mr . Charles Wjiijfbn, Meffenger to the Secretary Y‘ rn tie Loreto . ...—— . . . »*- J Mr^lfttiiatn f^ckfis ,.Meffenger to.the Paymaller- Mti Jal}iL;,Clothier,. Drum-Major-General. —— Mr. Ciri/ofher Predbam, Provoft-Marlhal-General Major General "jifiua Guejl, Barrack-Maller-Ge-). flerali it Britain ' - - -J 'Timas Sbtrwin, Efq; Barrack-mafter to the.Wov Fait three Men attending the Judge-Adyocate-Ge- ? neral, each «—- —<— -J Arts'll; i /• '■ "i 0 10 0 ■°yi .o' ° 7 6 o.to 0 0 7 . 0 0. 3 3 f Three Aid-de-Campsto Ms- Majefy. L&d Vifctinnt Bury, Ijord jlobfrt Manners, Colonel Mofiyn, Sal. fir Ann. : | each 200 0 0 fin Account of the Pay allowed toeveryColnmiJfton .. and- Non-Cbmmijioti His Majefty’s.. Forcesrrifjis^two XrqogfdoffHtAfe? Guards, and two ’Troops ofHgrfe Grenadier. Guardi i . excepted ). with ' the Neat- Pay allowed ' to each ifK them-per- Day,' after the.feveral p^uftkjafmaef. i for Poundage, Hofpifal, Agency, and-Off-feefyn-' ings. ■ ■ ■ •.( ■ - : ' Full Pay ’ Neat Pay , per Diem; per Diem. ' HORSE. I. I. . . . — o 6 .8 o 6 3 Adjutant -•-050 o ^ 8| . Surgeon- - —-■ - — 0 6 o' ,0;; j. '7§ l j FOOT GUARDS. Colonel and Captain , -- Lieutenant-Colonel and Captain Major and Captain Captain ■- lieutenant . -- Enfign, ■■■ .. ! — Chaplain -- Adjutant -- Quarter-Mailer - ,$rgeon — :'ori\ 1l g68 €5e^ic&»tatate' ;fa#g FOOT. C#!«wel,a«^C*pt?in —— 1 4 1 IieutenantColoneland Captain — p 17 Major'and Captain ’ - " "• Captain •' " ' Quartet-Mailer HORSE, Xfftie-Drubuner Choral ' —— Tfomjfiter -> -- PritateMan —— DftAGOON Quarter-Mailer SAjeant C&rpoAl ' Drummer Hautbois PSivitcMah FOOT GUARDS, tttonper Major 16 11 6 - Ri?ate* Man foot. Corporal 1 *-• 010 o 0 3 Drummer ;, - * - Q I « D o 6 Pritate Man "• — *“ 0 08 .^wrW«».i; Jns Non.Commi(Hon Officers Men/, have' no Deductions made out of . th „ ei Z.{ ^ ■ Poundage/, Hofpital,. and Agency, that being taken out Of their gtofs Off-reekonings. . ■ fbePay of/tb'e 'Two Imps ef Horfe Guards, end • 5f wo fmps ff. Horfe GrenadienGuards. ;• J.;, fsT^Fajrj . ■ . . 1 . pe'rtolemT - pef ifieoi^ HORSE GUARDS. 1. s- . i. 1. j. Colonel and Captain ' ' 1160 1 14 i-t Lieutenant-Colonel ant} Captain 130 l j t g| Major and Cornet f ‘ ' 1 20 1 , 0 io| Major and Guidon , ——-- 100 0 18 n| Captain and Exempt . > ‘ •• ■ - O 13 .00 12 jJ Lieutenant and Brigadier o 10 o 0 9 5J Cornet and Sub-Brigadier -— ; — o 5 o o 4 8| Chaplain ———— o O' 8 o 0 3 J Lieutenant and Adjutant o 7 0 06 7I Surgeon ' ■ - — - '0,80 O 7 6| '•HORSE GRENADIER. 1 GUARDS. 1 . Colonel and Captain t, io ; O ■. t ' 8 5J Lieutenant Colonel, and Lieutenant 1 .2 6 1 1 - i|‘ Major - 1, o o O tj 9J Cihptain and Lieuteuant -—0 17 ' o o i;.ii§ Guidon and Captain / ■ o 16 o 0,15 | Sub-Lieutenant 1 — \-o . 10 o o 9 4J Chaplain ■ ■ — o 6 8 .06 3 Lieutenant and Adjutant —— 0 7066 6 £ Surgeon -r-— .■ o. 8,0 o 7 6 % N. B. The private Gentlemen of the Two Troops of Horfe Guards, have each of them 4*. a: Day, -which isfef ; Week, 1 1 . S s. od. Vi?.. - Subfiftence per Week, 0-19-6, - ^ Orderly Money, 0 bo 6 Cloathing, O o 6 > O For Remounting, . o 02 o - Tie Total t 08 o . £fyx$ a !'i e >°f an. BoHatidMct- ' Holland Mo- peyin^.2 ney for 27 c •'. Days.; Days; j ' Guild. St. d. , Guilds Sli d. ThePayofthe General Officers;. 2481 toj ',16248 '-ffii The Pay of fix Regiments ofFoot‘80667 2 z . , 528177 10 si The Pay of the Officers and V j r ■; 1 others belonging to the Trains 3271 160 2142 a 100 o£ Artillery ) Guilders 86420 9 t '565848 4 4 Which Sum of 565848 Guil. 4■ to. 4. d. reduced into Sterling at 10. Guil. 10. St. to the found is A ,.d. 53890 6 i Levy Money for 3372 Men at 36 Crowns each, current Money of Hdland is ion60 Crowns, and at 50 Stivers to the . Crown makes 252900 Guild. Which reduced into Sterling at 7 10. Guild. 16 St. is_ L £ 23+!,<5 13 4 1 £. 77306-19:8$ One ijfc. -;^ an»W}utiii|> , ■ 386 S5 \ 9 *. forthtAiiiM Sbbfidydfiio^ocp: Crowns Bank Money, payahj* - for thefe Troojis, purfuant to Treaty, at' 53 Stivers per .^Croyifn*piajtes 375^03 Qailders. ■ , . j j c Whieredf robe paidby Great- , .Britain .— _.' r . Wh*cK$ deduced: into Sterling 9 \ at \X).Guiyert i(sStivert tQ> - tie Pound • 3 ■ — -v-. 1913* 171 _...... Total£5779* .75}- Book III. Of ; GR?AT 0 |I^AlN. .273 NUMBER LXXXIII.. ALIS Tof his Royal Highness tht .Prince of Wales’s Officers and Servants. His Royal Highness’s Council and Commiffione'rs of Revenue ,1 Sal. per Ann.' 1 . <■ a C Hancellor and Keeper of the 7 Patent Fee, Great Seal, Sir Tho. Booth , Knt. J Salary Groom of the Stole, Henry Duke of) Cbandos, . - f Mailer of the Horfe, Charles Earl of ( Middle/ex - Xreafurer and Repver-General, iho\ Earl of Scarborough, - Secretary and. Keeper of h^Royalip^ ^ 66 , Hmhnef* Priw-Sea . and SealforVo_;_ „ Z Highnefs’s Privy-Seal, and Seal 1 for' his Council, Henry Drax, Efq; Cofferer, Lord Charles Baltimore.' ~ Auditor General,, Charles Montagu, Efq; Surveyor-General, Charles Lord Bal¬ timore, — — Attorney-General, Hon. 'Henry Ba- tkurji, Efq; Sollicitor-General, Paul Jodrell, Efq; Patent Fee 44 0 Salary > 1000 0 Patent Fee 100 o Salary . 1600 > Salary Patent Fee Salary Patent Fee j Salary 1 Patent Fee ' Salary Patent Fee J Salary C Patent Fee | Salary 640 i 66 ij Officers, Clerks, and Servants attending them. . Sal. per Ann' Clerk of the Council, Robert Andrews, Efq; 60 0 6 Remembrancer to the Council, John Sanderfon, Efq; 10- o o Engrolfer to the Great Seal, Mr. Robert Fawcett , — IS o o Keeper of the Council-Chamber, Mr. Richard Bur- 7 . J2 £ ro-w, by Patent, 2 s. (sd.perDieml ; 3^ Meffengers attending the \ Mr. William Irons, 7 h Council, \ Mr. Daniel Tate, ) Peputy-Cofferer, the Hon. George Hamilton, Efq; 300 0 0 In the Treafurer's Office. Mr. Edward Godfrey, fill! Clerk, --* *4°, 0 0 Mr. Henry Herbert , fecond Clerk, ■ ■— 80 0> o Uilfad!! Fountain, } Meffengers, each — 7* iS 4 S dr. 2 7 4 ,tk patent State Part n. Sal . per'Am. St the Secretary's Office, Rev. Cufper Wetjlein, M. A. Under-Secretary, Mr. John Simons, Cleric of the Privy-Seal, and j , Council-Seal, arid firft Clerk to the Secretary ( Mr. Nicholls, Second Clerk, ' '-:- Council learned in the taw, two vacant, each <• Officers of the Dutchy of Cornwall. Lord Warden of the Stannaries, "J and Steward of the Dutchy in (Antient Salary, S3 6 8 Cornwall and De•/,; Efq; --:- J Lordfliip of Kirton in Lindfey, Com' Lincoln, the ) Sight Hon. Thomas Earl of Scarborough, J 11 10 0 200 1 6,8 , 6 i 1 6 8 5 o' 0 6 13 .4 Book III. Of GreaT-Britain. zf 5 Officers and Servants of bis Royal Highness’s Groom of the Stole, Henry, Duke of Chandos, -1 ^ [Francis, Lord North and~| Guildford, _ Gentlemen ] Charles, Duke'of Queenjberry | of the Bed-^ and Dover, K ea ch 6o 0 d < chamber, j William, Earl of Inchiquitt, I I Arthur, Lord Vifcount Do- ’ [_ neraile, J Mailer of the Robes, John Schutx, Efqj [John Evelyn, Efq; Grooms of \i a r sl ftp Bp j j Ihomas Bludvsorth, Efq; chamberj Edmund Thomas, bL \ Henry Oxenden, Efq; (_ Daniel Boone, Elq;, { William Reynolds, John Barnard, Fennel Hawkins, Frederick Pavonarius, 'I heir Servant, Henry Vogler, _ Clerk of the Clofet, Francis Ayfcough, D. D. Phyficians (Matthew Lee, Efq; ' —_ in Ordinary,' { Edward Wilmot, Efq; -- , co 0 a . Surgeons 5 Mr. Cafar Hawkins, ) , 8 1 I Mr . Fennel Hawkins, J. «ch too o o Gentleman-Ulher of the Privy-Chamber, ) Edmund Bramfion, Efq; ._ j 1 S° P 0 Gentlemen-Uihers, (Edmund Bramjlon, Efq; _ I r 0 0 o Daily-Waiters, , ( William Wentworth, Efq; ;ro o o t Theodore Smith, Efq; ") - Gentlemen-Uihers, ) John Barnard, Efq; I , <„/ . i. V eachioo o o £ each 8o o o each 400 o o ’ each’ 180 ■So vjvuucmcn-urners, j Joan tsamard, Elq; | Quarterly-Waiters,^ Wenman Roberts, Efq; I C Timothy Carr, Efq; Pages of the Pre- {DavidEvans, \ fence, \ John Niven, , r reoman of the Robes, Frederick Pavonarius, ' — 7 o o ~ - ' Viliam Reynolds, ■ - ioo o Neceffary.Woman, Margaret Palman, — 80 o Muiick and InUrument-Keeper, Thomas Vincent, — 60 0 Chapel-Keeper, John Edwards, -. - 10 ' 0 P ar ge-Mallef, John Garrett, _ — 30 0 ■Jofipb 2>tatC M ' 1 Part II Sal .per. Ann. I. s. i JofephTomhnfon, , William H,liter, George Dennis, . Richard Webb, , . Bartholomew Nutt, j ' ' John "Philipps, . > ; ‘ Thomas Taylor, Watermen, •< Jo/eph Cowden, Veach ■? ? » William College, ■ John By, , John Randall, ' R ichard Love, Michael Maynard, Anthony Bouch .. ~ [jjohn Tomlins, Library-Keeper, .Vacant, ,' ■ ■ too o » Principal Painter,] John -Ellys, Efq; -— -- Apothecary, Mr.’ John Gowland, . ■ Officers and Servants under the DireSion of tk Matter of the Horfe. Mailer of the H6rfe>, Charles Earl of Midilifex, . Riding Equerry, Solomon Durell, Efqj —- Pages of Ho -5 ^ ? Clerk of the Stables, William Hojkins, Efqj , ~ Furveyor of the Stables, Vacant, , - ; Mailer of the Dogs and Guns, Vacant, — r l&Zwz- 1 Coachman, . I , | John teuton, . f j Thomas Tapper, \ f 7-Thomas Crofts,^ ^ . f James Hamilton, . _ A Thomas, Blackbostrne, . I J Robert Walker,. , ( ■ P0ftlll0BS ’ . . i William Maddox, I John Colcibeen, I '■Thomas Movce. ' •* Book,m. AIN. .* ' >J * "* Sal. per Ann. A Chaifeman, j ohm Htime, -r—rr- -53 Affiants to the f Thomas Helme, ' .^ch 24 Chaifeman, William Hornby, ~ John Atkinfon , . , ’ John Stevens, ■ Helpers in the! Thomas Hughes, 1 - , Stables- Charles Godbold, William Bellamy';. ’ Brian Catril, . 1 'Paul Stone, ' ' ‘ . Michael Nicholfen, ; . , Richard Holies, ' . - Grooms in the J pbili Granger, ' '> each S3 Stables, A Ca/wV > Charles Point, Jofeph Smith, j - . ■ [ Francis Wybrtfw,. < ' ■{ Thomas Edwards, /' 1 John-Conrad Fulling J • Samuel Clayton ,. Richard Weaver, David Robert;, . Williaht Mulcajler, . . , Footmen RichardChapman, ' > each 4« Charles Cato, Frederick Shlagel, • William White, Willinm Mayne, , . James Dell, | ‘ Frederick Maffing, . "Hugh Cotton, , J ‘ Farrier, John Humphrys . - . ■’-!' . Officers of .His Royal Highnefs’j,Fa»«‘/y MaTO ' zWer tbe.Treafurer .. Mailer of the Houlhould, Thomas, Lord Vifci Gage, 8oo o o Conjptroler of die Hoitfhold, Robert Nugent," Efq; ^6,00 ,0 0 Clerks of the Hoof- t Charles Hamilton; Efq; 7 .v tnQ _ hold, •. { Sir John Cufi, Bart. J 5 Clerk of the Kitchen, John Grdw. Efq; — ' ZOO O O Affiant to the Clerk of the Kitche'n,' r 20 O O Yeoman of the Pantry and Ewyjl'illiam Wejfpbal, IJO O 0. Groom of the iantry and Ewry, Thomas Brown, —— 30 . o ; O Affiftant iii the gantry and Ewry, David Knight —— 30 O O Yeoman of the Cellar, Mr. Thomas Stillingfleet, — 20P. O 9 Groom of the Cellar. Robert Brett ' ' «’ 40 o 0 S 3 “ Affiftant *7 $ • $?efcnt @>tate Part ii, Sal .per Ann. 1. i. I- f each— Affiltent ill the Cellar , Henry Schenhmeyer, Mafter-Cook, JofifhHarper Reynolds, Yeomen-Cooks, Groom-Cooks, . 1 John Durant, V ' arh — 1 Charles Prefton f eadl i&s,, i“ i - Scowerer, Morgan Williams, - Soil'Carrier,Cltfr/« Anthony, ■- . f EdwardCaires, 1 Turnbroaches,. < Humph. Pritchard, > each——20 o o 17 ’ ' 1 Soakers, ' r-JO o o -40 0 0 — 30 0 c 30 0 c ("James Moncrief, j ' X John Wall, i • ,, «"£££; }-*—>• t RichardHiU, 3 - Boys in the Kitchen, Yeoman of the Scullery, John Barkley - Groom of the Scullery, Richard Hall, - —— 40 0 u Affiftant in the Scullery, Mary Walker, -— ,20 00 Table-Laundrefs, KatharineGynandir -—loo s o T KS ”“”1 *■*«>*- '* -5 • Superintendent of the Dwell- "k ^ ing-Houfes, and Ihfpeftor > Sir William Irby, Bt. 300 0 0 of the Bills relating thereto, J Wardrobe-keeper, Mr. George Cure, ■ ■■ 50 0 0 Uoufe-keeper in London,Mrs-Katharine Walking flaw, 200 0 0 Porter there, Ihomas Murray, — — 50 0 .0 Watchmen there, j j^nMr,} ~ 2 5 0 0 Watchman at leicejler-Houfe Gate, Thomas Paine, , 30 0 O' Under-Houfekeeper at the T .Gafden-Houfe in , St. > Mr. William Reynolds, 140 0 0 James's-Park, J Watchmen, there, \lf^ n Ha &’ 1 each —. si t o' o» gaasg» «} m..... «... Undet-Houfe-keepefat Durdanes, Henry Higher,—}00 0 0 Watchman thefe, Jofeph Spaers, 2 5 0 0 lOjjetrs and. Servants belonging to Her' Royal Htghnefs the ' . PrineeJs of Wales. . Vice-Chamberlain, Sir William Irby, Bart. S- 00 .,-a.i Book III. Of Great:-Britain. 27.9 Sal. per Ann. 1. si , ,,, _ i t Grace Countefs of T,‘;cooo o Miftrefs of th© Robes, Middlefez, ' J- j W, ' { Anne.VikountefsIrnvin, ^ Lady Charlotte, Edwin, j , - Char.Vik.Torrington, ( , '• Countefsof Scarborough, p a ™4 00 0 o Charlotte,Vik. Howe, j )' Eliz. C. of Berkley,, j '- , f Charlotte Hives, -i 1 Elizabeth Granville, ,i . , I Catherine Nevill, ! (_ Mary Bridget Mojiyn, j f Mary Evelyn, . ./ \ Margaret Clavering, j h-Lyk*™. • • "“V j ( EhomasOJbertMordaunt, ?eacKtoo - o o Pages of Honour, | Robert Parkhu-,% Efq; $ , Secretary, James Crejfet, Efq; --:——' 3 00 P Gentleman-Ulher of the } Canon Orme, Efq; 150 0 0 Privy-Chamber, ■ ) Gentlemen-Ufhers, C Gar ton Orme, Efq; ? , • Daily-Waiters, ( IVilliait Hawley, Efq; J 5 f John Maitland, Efq; 1 GentlemenUlhers,) Francis Hi/deJlej, Efq; L ac hioo 0 0 Quarterly Waiters, ] AndrevsRohnfon, Elq; f {_ James Stratton, Efq; . J Pages of the Pre- \ Ca fpar Uicolay, l each 80 0 o fence, \ John Duill, ’ J. { John Palman, , 1 Charles Lattman, >each 120 o O George Angel, f Ernejl Earner, J Their Servant, John Edwards, - - 20 0 0 Laundrefs ,Margaret Winter, _ 12 7 ? ,9 Keeperof theRobes, andHead-dreffer, SophiaRitzau, 127 o.' o, Neceffary-Woman, Mary Allevsay, - 80 0 O' Dreffers to the Lady dagujla, ' , " ; Mrs .Louife Pauline De Chains \ each r T"*> 0 0 Mrs. Adaliza ‘Goodrich.' S' ' Praceptor to Prince George, Francis Ayfcough,p. D. 500 ,0. 0 - BO o Page of tke Prefence to Prince George, George Smith, 50 0 ,0 . S 4 ' NU'M- NyU;M,B EjR: LXXXiy,. Sht Eftablijhment of His-Royal Highnefi the Duke, ' Bedchainber, is of' the \ q chamber,!.^ each 400 c ; per Annum, 1. 1 'T*‘HE Right Honourable Stephen Poyntx, \ Efq^Comptroller ■ — . J Chamberlain, William-Wjndham AJhe, Efq; — r : Secretary, Sir Everard Fav/kener,jK nt. — . r : , / T , -V, f William Earl oft t Ancram, 1 Lords ,of-the ) Lord Vifc; Charles Lord Cathcart, J Hon. Felton Harvey^ Efq; 1 Colonel Mellioniere, >each 400 .c ^Colonel Fitzwilliam. j Matter of the Horfe, Hon. John Bofcawen, Elq; . „ ' ( Hon. Bleuet Wallop, Efq; ) , Equerries, \ 'p ea „ Pcyntz> H j each 300 e -Pages of Ho- (Matter Howard, l , _ pour, Uk William Rufell, Bart. J eaC " 100 c Sempftrefs and Laundrefs, Mrs. Ann Kemp, — 300 c ■' ■ V f Peter Longue/, ,"J : L ‘ ' (.Mr .rappee, . J ■each Jo o) o es ;0f the ( Mr. Edmund Cooper, f Prefence, \ Mr. John Helnuke, Phyiician, Dr. John Pringle, - - Surgeon, John Andrews, Efq; . - ‘'Limner,' Mr. Maurier, —- Twelve Footmen, ‘ '•> \ .<_ ■ ■ V Clerk ,of. the Stables, Ur, Ford, — . Four Coachmen, . -- ' Two ^oftillions,. £ John Hopkins, 'Grponis, < Jofeph Hind, / Barnet Smith, a With many more Servants in LiveVy, 1 J" Bdok III. otOKEAT^i^tfiN. 2B1 NUMBER LXXXVi. thiPfiahUJhment of their Royal Highnefes thePrlncefs Amelia and the Prince/s Caroline. : per Annum, l. f.‘_; d. >each ■ 300 < >each 100 1 „ . , C Lady Ifabella Finch, Ladies of the 1 Harriot Campbell, Bedchamber j, mt Montagu, Robert Dinghy, E(q; -- Granger, Efq; Captain Bradjbdigh, Captain Bateman, - 1 ^- ■ Williamfon, Efq; J Page to Princefs Amelia, Mailer Batman, — , Page to Princefs Caroline, Mailer j Howard, — 100 { Mrs. Elizabeth Robthorn, V . Mrs. Frances Ruffell, ' I •• Mrs. Catherine Swinton, , f. Mrs. Middleton, , J , ' Laundreffes, Sophia, and Catherine lletling,' each 70 . H !« 'Neceffary-Woman, Mrs. Morton, Privy-Purfe, Mr. Brinks, • — i Mr. Emefi Hetlin', Mr. John Hutchins, Mr. James Shaw, Mr. John Eller, .Mulick-Mafter, Mr. Handel, — -Dancing-Maker, Mr. Gleaser, ' Porter of the Back-Stairs, Mr. Cha. Hamilton, Table-Keeper to the Pages of the Back-Stairs, 1 ■ Mr. Colebatch, . ———' J Clerk of the Stables, Henry. Reickenberg, c ““”. l-*' Hunting-Groom, Benjamin Godin, • - Hobby-Groom, John Taylor, ’ Six Footmen, — - —— each Ttyo Poftillions, ...- each flight Helpers, . . T -~ — each 0 o 0 0 1 ^each 40 « o° itf' o o'o N UM- 282 Wit ^efettt State .r Part n, | NUMBER LXXVI. A LIST of the Names of the Governor, Sub- governor, Deputy-Governor, and Directors of The Governor and Company of Merchants of Great-Britain, Trading to the South-Seas, and' other Parts of America, for the Encouraging the Fifhery, 1748. The KING’S' Moft Excellent Majefty, Governor. , Peter Burreli., Efq; Sub-Govemor. John Bristow, Efq; Deputy Governor. n DIREGTO R S. J OfephAdyns, Efq; Sydenham Malthus, Efq; Bichard Baker, Efq; Henry Muilman, Efq; Thomas Le Blanc, Efq; Nathaniel Paice, Efq; John Coke, Efq; . John Phillipfon, Efq; ^Jonathan Collyer, Efq; Sainuel Smith, Efq; < ■ John Edwards, E(q; John Wenham, Efq; Sir Charles Egleton, Knt. Robert Wylde, Efq; Jofeph.Fawthrop, Efq; Samuel Craghead,.Efq; Jofeph Gulfton, jun. Efq; Francis Fauquier, Efq; - Richard Jackfon, Efq; , Francis Galhry, Efq; . \Geprge Jennings, Efq; Richard Hall, Efq;. Thomas Lane, Efq; Jofiah Hardy, Efq; James Lock, Efq; . Richard Salway, Efq; Robert Lovick, Efq; Thomas Swayne, Efq; Roger lyiainwaring, Efq; John Warde, Efq; Transfer Days pf South-Sea Stock, Mondays, Wednefdays and Fridays. Transfer Days of. Old Annuities, Mondays, Wednefdays and Transfer Says pf New Annuities, Futfdays, Fburfdays and Sa- Pividends on Stock and New Annuities payable Midfmmer and . fdhryfimas ; and, on Old Annuities, Lady-bay and Michaelmas. N U M- Book HI. Of G r EA T -f:B fell T AIN. 283 N U M B E R LXXXVII. JlLIST of the Names of the Governor* De¬ puty Governor, and Direftprs of the Bank of England, for the Year i-j/fi .' Benjamin Loncuett, Efq; Governor. . William Hunt, Efq; Deputy-Governor. . . DIRECTORS. S IR,Edward Bellamy, Knt. AlexanderSheafe, Efq; and Alderman. Sir John Thompfon, Knt. and Bryan Benfon, Efq; - Alderman. Stamp Brooldbank, Efq; Peter Thomas, Efq; John Bance, Efq; Thomas Whately, Elq; Matthews Eeachcroft, Efq; Merrik Burrell, Efq; Thomas Cooke, Efq; Richard Chifwell, jun. Efq; William Fawkener, Efq; Benjamin Lethieullier, Efq; •' Robert Nettleton, Efq; . James Lever, Efq; Charles Palmer, Efq; Theophilns Salwey, Efq; . ‘ Matthew Raper, Efq; ’j ohn South, Efq; Charles Savage, Efq; Godfrey Thornton, Efq; Robert 1 Salulbuiy, Efq; John Weyland, Efq; Transfer Days of Bank Stock are Tuefdays, Wednefdays, Fri- Jys and Saturdays. , Ditto—3 per Cent.— 1726. Transfer, ‘Tuefdays and Fridays. 1731 Ditto. Wednefdays and Saturdays. I 74 2 ) 1743 >■ Ditto. Mondays and Thrfdays. ■ *744Y . , N U M- #4 C&r Piefent State la iiPaftt N. U)M B E R . LX^Xym. A LI Sf of the Court of Afliftahtsc/ the Royal African Company .of England, ,1748. The King’s moft Excellent Majefty, Governo! Sir Atwul L a k e ,.Bart. Sub-Governor; ’ ‘!, Charles Hayes, Efq; Deputy-Govemos.. S OlomOn Alhley, Efq; Francis Boteler, Efq; Thomas Bradihaw, Efq; . EdwardBulilrode, Efq; J ohn Cale, Efq,, . ames Dargent, Efq; ames EckerfalJ, Efq; Villiam Finch, Efq; . Edward Gouge, Efq; John Hickman, Efq; Andrew Hopegood, Efq; Francis Hopegood, Efq; Samueljones, Efq; Bibye Lake, Efq; Charles Lloyd, Efq; William Moreland, Efq; Benjamin Periam, Efq;. 1 * Sir WillianrSimnderfon, Bail Honorat Smith, Efq; . " ' George Speke, Efq; ' • John Tillon, Efq; V ! 1 Philip Trahern, Efq;" Hon. John Vaiighan, Efq; Philip Wilkmfon, Elq; NUMBER LXXXIX. A { LIS T of L^ Direftors of 'the. United. Cmpia of Merchants of England, Trading to• the M Indies, elected for the Tear '■"> ‘ 1 ."vOdding Braddyll, Efq;' Michael Impey, Efq; ‘ 1 # William Baker, Efq; Aid. ' Stephen Law, Efq; William Braiind, Efq; . ■ William'Mabbott, Efq; , Riehard Benyon, Efq;' ; Nathaniel Newnham, jun. Elj: ■; Robert Bootle, Eft}; '; 5 -- ’•‘ Henry Plant; Efq» Chriftopher Burrow, Efq; Thomas Phipps, Efq;' Richard Chauncy, Efq; William Rider, Efq; Roger Drake, Efq;.- -Aj , ■ A - Thomas Rous, Efq; Samuel Feake, Efq; , i r ; ,,, William Steele, Efq; Harry Gough, Efq; f . . ,, Whichcqtt,Turner, Efq; Robert Hudfon, Efq; f! .William,Willy, P.iq; Alexander Hume, Eifp ' •'James'Winter, Efq;" . Transfer Days of India Stock, every Day but Saurk]. fcok HI. . ; 2% ' ' ' N : U' M B E R XC. Court of C H AN C E R Y. ' ■; ^ L ORD High Chancellor, Philip Lord Hardwick, 2100/. per Jim. ,, v' His Secretary, Hatton Perkins, Efq; ! " r ' Mailer of the'Rolls, , Right Hon. William Forte/cue, Efq; His Secretary, Charles Deaves, Efqs Deputy Secretary, Thomas Brown, Efq; . Secretary of the Caufes, by Confeiit, at the Rolls, Thomas 7^4 Efq; The Tweirve Mafttrs in Chancery art, ; - '"•'•>]' J Rt. Horn-Will. Fortefcue, Efq; Samuel'Burroughs, Elqs; ''i '4 Robert Holford, Efq; Anthony Allen, Efq; v William Kinafton, Efq; ' William Spicer, Efq; ; •; Thomas Bennet,-Efq; Richard Edwards, Efq; ’ms*- Francis Eld; Efq; Edmund Sawyer, Efq; " Mark Thurlton, Efq; who is Henry Montague, Efq; • alfo Accomptant-General. - iT -t Secretary of the Petitions, Hutton Perkins, Efq; ' i r , r i Purfe-Bearer, the Hon. Mr. York. Deputy Purfe-Bearer, Mr. Hayward. ' . Secretary of Bankrupts, Philip-Carterpt Webb, Efq; -of Prefehtations, Michael Leheup, Efq; ' —:—of Commiffions of the Peace, Gabriel Mallett, Efq; — — ■■of the Decrees and Injundlions, and Clerk oftheDocquefs, James Bernard, Efq; : : i; Secretary of Lunaticks, Laurence Cottam, Gen., Clerk of the Briefs, -Charles Wellard, Efq; Receiver of the Fines, Robert Salkeld, Efq;,, •.; , Clerk of the Cuflodies of Lunaticks (a Patent Place for fcifilj the Hon. and Rev. George Talbot. - 1 " . His Deputy, Charles-Henry Talbot, Efq; Clerk in Common to the Mahers in Chancery, Thomas Leech, Geut. ., - Gentleman of the Chamber. Mr. Lloyd. . Mr. Thomas Lambe. Secretary of Appeals, Robert Wellwatd, Efq; Serjeant at Arms/ Richard Jephfon, $fq; Uiher of the Court. *86 : ■ m# Piefent State; jPartij. Six Clerks in Chancery .' Thomas Bridges, Efq; Samuel Reynardfon, Efq-' John Collins, Efq; Ifaac Whittington, Efq- -Spooner, Efq; William Midford, Efq/ . Principal Clerk} of the Crown. . The Hon. Charles York, Efq; The Horn John York Efq- Their Deputy, " . Charier Frewen, Efq;’ . ■ Prothonotaiy of the Court, Matthew Snow, Efq; - .Clerks of the Hanaper. ' Duke of Chandos, ' Edw. Pudfey, Efq; Warden of the Fleet, John Eyles, Efq; Two Examiners. Arthur Trevor, Efq; Edward Northey, Efq; • Examining Clerks;- - Mr. William Rawlins, Mr. John Peck, Mr. John Nourfe, , Mr. Barnabas Richards, Mr. John Turner, ' Mr. Jofiah Shaw. Copying Clerks in the Examining-Office. Mr. Peter Bennet, Mr. Richard Butler, Mr. Thomas Cheyne, Mr. Jofias Burgis, Mr. Tamerlane Guillim, Mr. Francis Stephens, Mr. Roger Griffith, Mr. Richard Maxwell. Three Clerks of the Petty-Bag. Richard Alhton, Efq; Thomas Ganiull, Efq; . Charles Frewen, Efq; Proprietors of the Supbana-Office. Pauncefort Green, Gent... John Bell, Gent. / Thomas Head, Gent. Their Deputy, Mr. Abraham Hancock. The Regifter-Office. Principal Regifter, Charles, Duke of ,St. Alban’s. ’ ■ Deputy Regiflets. , Richard Rainsford, Efq; . George Edwards, Efq;, RollsrRegiftrs. Richard Howard, Efq; William Bowyear, Efq; James Scott, Efq; Clerk of the Reports and Cuftody of tj» Entry-Boob. . . Intuit. A Book III. of GR E A t-BR1TA I N. 487 Entering Clerks at the Regifters-Office. Francis Bowyaer, Efq; John Cole, Efq; • Regifter of the Affidavits, Jeremian Sambroke, Efq; Deputy Clerk ditto, ——Holdfworth, Clerk of the Patents, Charles Cocks, Efq; Ulher of the Rolls, Nicholas Dennys, Efq; His Deputy, Charles Gold, Gent. <- 1 Clerk of the Chapel of the Rolls, Mr. William Rooke. - Gentleman of the Chamber at the Rolls. Edward Carpenter, Efq; Crier, of the Court, John Acroyd, Gent. Court-Keeper, Thomas Scorey. TipM to the Lord Chancellor, James Adlam. Tipitap to. the Mailer of the Rolls, Johanna Harbine. The Names of the prefent Corporation of Curfitors. Thomas Barnes, Efq; Principal, , | Affiilants. Robert Woodford, Richard Fijkin, John Smith, Samuel Hetheringtori, Andrew Swift, Robert Buxton, • John Popham, • Hon. Peter King, John Browne, John Putland, John Brewiler, Eennet Garrard, Cornelius Burg,. William King, Stephen Beckingham, Peter Sykes, John Whitehead, ' . Alienatian-Ojjict. Sir William Aihburnham, Bart.} Hill Muffenden, Efq; i Commiffioners, 40 /. each Tain, Cornelius Caley, Efq; J Their Deputies. Hired Staples, Efq; Richard Newton. Jjhn Spelmah, Efq; p "in Chancery, William Freeman, Efq; 20/. eachl’erm. eceiver. Sir William Aihburnham, each Term 40 . ri! 1 Endorfements, Mr. Theoph. Newman, each Term c/. wk of the Entries, each Term 5// A £88 §titte A LIST of tbe.CommiJJIoners of Bankrupt) appoinlti L ,1. •' prefent Lord Chancellor, • ^ ‘ ■ I. VI. Roger Coninglby, Efq; Robert Salkedl, Efq;.. Richard Davies, Efq; Richard Wood, Gent. . Thomas Life, Gent, f II. Thomas Lane, Efq; ohnProbyn, Efq; . ohn Welles, Gent. Alex.Hamilton,Gent, Henry Clive, Gent, IIL John Webber, Efq; Thomas Walker, Efq; Thomas Hutches, Efq; Thomas Owens, Gent. Charles Owen, Gent. . Francis Capper, Efq; William MiTdmay, Efq; Samuel Baldwin, Gent. Darell Short, Gent. Carleton Hayward,_GeM. VII: JohnMafon, Efq; •John Locker, Efq; Gilbert Jodrell, Gent. RichardWoplfe,. Gent. . John Lucas, Gent. VIII. Thomas Burrell, Efq; Efred Staples, Efq; John Way, Efq; ! John Whitehead, Gent. Edward Woodcock, Gent. rv, John Roberts, Efq; Thomas Brooke, Efq; Tho. Coventry, Efq; James Mead, Gent.’ John Grubb, Gent, William Freeman^ Efq; Peter Holford, Efq;' ; ' Thomas Butler, -Gent. •; • Charles Scrafe,. Gent.' | John Pye, Gent.* . - I v. A.. John-Tracy Atkins; Efq; Solloiit Emlyn, Efq; ; " William Melmoth, Efq; . Mat, Kenrick. Efq; ’’ j ohn Seare, Efq; Francis Rock, Efq; i rancis Warden,'Gent. . William Selwin,. Efq; ! Fountayne-WentworthOlbalde- Thomas Clendon. Gent. I fton,,Gent. I Book HI. ^f#REA*$KJTAI^. *|§? : N U- M B E R XCI. 1 KIN G'S BENCH.' Q [R William Lee, Knt. Lord Chief-Juftice. J Salary 4000/. per Ann. ‘[bereft of the fudges. Sir Martin Wright, knt.' Sir Thomas Dennifon, / Sir Michael' Roller, 1 Sal. i^ool.perJm. each. Crown-Office .. Clerk of the Crown, James .Burroughs, Efq; Secondary, Henry Mafterman, Efqt .. . .... - CLERKS „ Mr. Henry Athorpe,.Clerk of ‘ . . ....... the Rules. '' . . . • Mr. John Matthews, , ■ Mr. Richard Rofe, ‘ Mr. Henry Waldron, ' Mr. Edmund Webb, - ’ , Mr. John Bach, ■ Mr. William Hughes. J. . A Lift of the feveral Officers on, the Plea Side. ™ ( William Lee, and Chief Clerks for Inrolling Pleas, | j 0 j^ Antonie, Efq: Secondary, Samuel Clarke, Efq; . Clerk of the.Rules, Mr.Cpwper. BnWHrw Clerks of the Papers, Mr. Edward Benton, and Mr. Robert New- Clerk oftheDockets, Mr. Martin Lantrow. Signer of the Writs, Mr. John Hawley. Clerk of the Declarations, Mr. Ralph Day. Clerk of the Bails, Mr. Charles Haddock. Marihal, Mr. Alhton. _ • , T , r Cellos Brevium, Bevetlham Filmer and Theodore Johnfon, Kg Clerk of the inward Treafury, William Tullie, Efq; Clerks of the EfrtrSj/Mr Sadkeld aid Mr. Whiteij Deputy-Marlhal, far. Beardmore. . Signer of the Bills'of Middlefex, Mr. Marlhal. ■ v- Fllaze'rs of the federal Counties. .. >j ' For the Cityof Briftol, Mr. James Mead. For the' County of Derby, Mr.’ Fdr the County of Devon, and City of Exeter; Mr; Marta 'Lantrow.•.. • ' ! ' ; For the Counties of Effex and Monmonth, Mr. Theodore Jokfon, For the County and City of Gloucefter, Mr. For the County of Lincoln,,Mi:.-. For the County of Suffex, Mr, John Frewen., , . - ; All the other Counties in England are claimed,by Mr. Thomai Vaughan. Receiver-General and. Comptroller of the Profits arifing by the Seals of-the CoiurtS^of . 'Kuiig’s-Bench and Common-Plea!, William, Duke of Cleveland. ' ' , . : His Grace’s Deputy, Robert Atkinfon, Efq;- - Clerk of the Affizeof the Home-Circuit, Jerome Knap, Efq;' --—-Midland-Circuit, John Blencowe, Efq; ■ , .? . ■ Norfolk-Circuit, Roger Jenyhs, Eft -- ;——— — JVorthem-Circuit,-Knotsford, Efq; --Oxford-Circuit, ThomasMulfo.jim.Efq; i ..-Wellem-Circuit,MaddoxHawkins,Efqi Book’ III. Rjtf'A I N. Court of COM MO N- PLEAS. ' L ORD Chief-Juiiice, Sir John Willes, Knt. Salary 2000 /. ‘per Annum, ' The other;Judges* ' ,, , Sir Timas 'Burnet, Sir Timas Abney, Knt. VSalary I500/. per Asm, each. Sir Fhomas'Birch. , .\J ' * Cuftos Brevkm Office. Cullos Brevium, Earl of Lichfield, 600/ p& Am, His Deputy,- Walter Baynes, Efq^; Prothonotaries. Chief Prothpnotary, George Cooke, Efq; - His Secondary, Henry Father gill, Efq; Second Prothonotary, Henry Pacry, Efq;, His Secondary, Henry Fay-amor, Efq; Third Prothonotary, Thomas Borett, Efq; His Secondary, Henry Barnes, Efq; . Warden of the Fleet,' John Eyles,. Efq; • Three Clerks of the Judgments, one under each Prothonotary. Mr. Wakelin, Mr. Newfrne. • Mr .-Jhomas Buckle, ... ^ Three Clerks of the Dockets, one under jeach Prothonotary. Mr. Wakelin, Mr. Rchinfon. , Mr. Buckle, Chifographer’s Office. Mailer, James Colebrooke, jun. Efq; Secondary, Jofeph Bifcoe,. Efq; 1. Clerks of the Office. , Mr. Richard Campion, ■ Mr. Peter Storer, Mr. lfaac le Gay, Mr. barrel Hawley, Mr, Francis Fawvert, •Mr. Jofeph Holland, Mr. Elijha BiJioe, Mr. Richard Garon, Mr, Dorrel Hawley, Regifter and Clerk of Proclamations. T 2 ,. Chief 20? T ;trijic ^i^fent ^tatig Chief Clerk Of tlfe Treatury'oT th'I Court ibomai Maidjione, Efq; fart II, , ( . .. ^Under-Clerks of die Treafmy. • *• • Mx'.Mpmqs_Maidjlone, ■ .Mr . John Stubbs. • . , 1 ilti.JohnfalboY, . .... - 1 Treafury-Keeper of the Court pi Common-Pleas,'life' %i, Stubbs ' ' ' Clerk‘of the Inrollments'of Writs for Fines'and\Ktcov$ii; Mr. Henry Barnes.. .y , _ , \ His Deputy,’ JWf. Wiliipm^obidfin. ' ,7 ' Clerk of. the .VKarrantsi : InrbllrnehtS, and Ellreats in thU Gotainoi' ?kts, Edinard Eyrei' ' ■ ' His Deputy, Mi.'Benjamin Spat His Deputy, Mrl Benjamin Sparrow. ' ■' Clerk-of the Juries, Edward Buljirode, Efq; His Deputy, HughWillidm Pritchard, Gent. Clerkof theMoigns; Nlr.JIhomas.Ciendon.- ■. -,/> Clerk 'of the King’s Silver-Cilice, William Dave, Efq; Clerk of the Errors, Gabriel John/on, Efq; Clerk of j^'doUinnie^ Mr.Wa/reville. . 7 > Clerk'of the Seal-Office, Me. Walker. Clerkof the Jurats, Mx.Windham. Ckrk of the Superiedeas, Mr. Morns. S - ~ f Clerk of the Jurats, .Mr. Cecil. v Mr. Dighton. Mr. Ward of Staples-Inn.- Mr. Cotton. Mr. Eaton. Exigenter, Francis- KeyteDighton, Efq; His Deputy, Nathaniel Lott. A Lift of; she Philaiers'of the Court of 'Comaen-Pleaslmpiiij Counties (^longing to each refpeftive PhilaM7 ^ Efex and Heiifore#irib',.W'.frifBam,Bvpc $.. { ',','q Warwick/hire, Leic^fffiire,^Notpnghpmjl/ire,\,Pjri}J^k^^ of Coventry, and Town*’and 1 Coanty roif' Whitelock. • ..,.7 '.Vt,' „ Bedfirdfhire, Berkjhire, Buckingh r dt^^rerA^^OiJor^irt,:M; Harper. ' ' '' J '“ i.7.V . -.y. Shropjhire, Staffordjhiri, NorthamptonJhire r RutlandJhirt and U| of Lichfield, Mr. John Bi/coel] ' ‘ Hampjhire, WiltjlArt, andthe Town of'Siulhampion^MuMijl^ ■ -#r. 7 , ’ ■ ; p ';: Dorjljtjhire, Sopicr/tt/Lire ,, City, of Bzijfpl an^.^p^h oji^i jlf jpnn.marttn. ; , .. y r ■ y Dd^kri-iM l '\ If 1:4, - - SC& : B00k.III n: .; ; ^ SMk, Mr. Cmrtr. tH..«.s^.a£ v>aii\ jkrfolk and City of Norfwicp, IVIr. George: t Greene. Ysrkjhire, City ofTV*, and Town of Hull; Mr. ,Bibye La/et.^,. Northumberland^ Wejlmore)an3, ’Cumberland, d£dct Barons, Sal. i;oo/. per Atm. each. Ventage Legg, Efq; J ' •.<;■ • Curiitor-Baron, Edouard Barker, Efq;-,., , , .-u s ;» The King’s Remembrancer’s Office. ■■■ Samel, Lord Majham, King’s Remembrancer. t if , \Charles Taylor, Efq; Deputy. \ James Pearfe, Efq; Firft Secondary.... ■: . , , ' \George Arhuthnott, Efq; Second Secondary., .■ .p,-^ -[t 1 The other Six SwofnClerks. • Mr. Henry Prd, , , . ,..,■■> tflfr QbarJuEyrt,j, ) 0 r,; 5 /•. Mr. Thomas Gregg, , ' ./ Mr. Richardtywf, f\ Mr. John Thompfon, V_ ' ThefiSixBi-yafant. 7 , Clerk of the Port-Bonds ,’MPjdhriThomffoiir l ■' Clerk of the Duplicates, Mr. Rowland Simon. C ■, George Gordon^ Regifier." . ' ~ MC '“'" J ‘ ’’ ‘ The Lord-Treafurer’s Remembrancer’s Offide.T 1 WilBd&'toillijbfJSqi' Reiwmbniri&ff 1 1 Robert Harbor, Efq; Deputy., ^ William Mlanfon, Efq; Ftrtt Secondary, Henry,B'onfeld, Efqj Second SecjbhdMT' 1 ,!V" Mi'. Wslliatn'iiickedfoi, Siwoni^Clerk and PKlazer.. . ; ^ Wfof the Erropjin^the Clian^ber^ ■ Gs^^‘ fobert Armourer, Bagman. * T 3 Pipe- / Pipe-Office. -i" Clerk of the. Pipe, Henry-Holt Henly, Efq; Deputy,' Robert Gardiner, Efq; , . V Secondary, William Wrtghtfin, Efq; < .Eight Sworn Cfcrks. ’■ Frauds Bradshaw, Efq; Mr. Whitehead, Mr? Cramer, - ... . Mr. Winter, Mr. Ilarr,by, ’ Mr. Denton, Mr. Maidjlone, , Mr. Gent. Comptroller of the Pipe, Hon. Horatio Walpole, jun; Hfter and Examiner of the Court of Exchequer, Mr. Scrim Office ofPleas. Hon. Edward-Walpole, Efq; Mailer. William Hall, Efq; Deputy. Attorneys. Mr. Richard Mdrriot, Mr. Daniel Dandy, Mr. Thomas Lloyd, ' Mr. Thomas Franck, i And Eight Side r Clerks. , Foreign Oppoifer, ,; William Hammond, Efq; Clerk of the Extracts, John Cook, Efq; Surveyor of the Green-Wax, Nath. Booth, ,Efq; r . Clerk of the Nichils, Mr. Huxley, William Aijlahie, Efq? Auditor of the Impreit. James Ihomas, Efq; his Deputy. , William BenJon, Efq; 'Auditor of the Impreft. , l ; Edward Bangham, Efq; his Deputy. Remembrancer of the Firft-Fruits and Tenths. Charles, Duke of Grafton. ■ j William Hanmer, Efq; Deputy. Treafurer, Jeffrey Elwes, Efq; Comptroller, William Degray, Efq; Receiver of the Firft-Fruits, George Turner, Efq; Receiver of the Tenths, Charles Pilfworth, Efq; ' Sollicitor, James Henderfor, Gent. _ Chief Ulherofthe Court of Exchequer, and hereditary Ptodaimtor ., • of the Court of Common-P.eas, Hon. Horatio. Walpole, Hp . Auditors of the Land-Revenue, Land-Tax, and Window-Taw, •viz. For the Counties of Lincoln, Nottingham, Chefier, d Derby, Chdhles'Shelly,'ESq ;• Forhll the other Counties in England, William Lowndes, W for Life. For the;Principality op Walesl Thomas Farrington, , Efq; , Officers accountable before the faid Auditors,, Henry Legge,,Eiq-, Surveyor-General of his Majelly’s. Woods, Fsj rells. Parks and Chaces,' North and South ,Sides o f Trent, \ Woodward of NewForeff, Jofeph Hinxman, Efq;, Woodward tsPWhittlewood, and Saulcey FoK&s,John Warner,W -1 Receivers-General of his Majelly’s 1 Land-Revenue. i i John Mills, Efq; i forLife JohnStamforth, Efqi J ' John Duncombe, Efq; John Lucas, Efq; Jams Pitt, Efq; .? , ; ' Mfi Alexander Rennali, Mfi Edward EAiitjp 1c d Mi.-JdkG'ilhanr,n . V vi Mr. John Mafort, .vu'hni N U M B. XCIV. ^ > = SERJEJNfS at Law..., AtthewSkinner, Efq; Premier. , : v Sir Samuel Prime, King's Seijeant. John Belfield, Efq; William-Hay wad, Efq;. : Jofeph Girdler, Efq; Thomas Barnardilton, Efq; Thomas Huffey, Efq; Edward Boode, Efq; Abraham Gapper, Efq; Edward Willes, Efq; King’sSerj. • William Wynne, Efq; Edward Eyre, Elq;. John Agar, Efq; David Poole, Efq; - Richard Draper, Efq; ir : His Majelly’s Council Learned.in the Law, . ' . Sir Dudley Rider, Knt. His Majejlys Attorney-General. Hon. William Murray, Efq; Sollicitor General. . • John Anglionby, Efq; Hon. John Finch, Efq; Alexander : HuBie.CambeII, Efq; Hon. John Trevor, Efq; John Brown, Efq; Francis Fane, Efq; Sir Richard Lloyd,. Knt. Henry Bathurft, Efq; Attorney- Thomas Clarke, Efq; v General to the Prince. Nathaniel Guridry, Efq; . Paul Jodrill, Efq; Sollicitor-Ge- William Noell, Efq; neral to ditto. Sydney-StafFord Smith, Efq;: Sir John Strange, Knt. Henry Banks, Efq; ' 1 : Robert Pauncefort, Efq; His Majelly’s Jullices of the,Grand Seffions for the feveral Counties' vi Wales, during Life.- L .. Chef JuJlice of Chefler) Matthew Skinner. F.'fn- .Montgomery, Flint, a DenbighSA/Vw. Brecknock, Glamorgan, a Radnor Shires. Matthew Skinner, Efq;' v : Hon. John, Talbot, Efq;'' Richard Carter, Efq'; ' n: William Harvey;'-Efqi' -c Caermarthen,Pembroke,a«/l:. John Pollen, Efq; 1 ’ ) Cardigan Shires. J- Hon. John^Trevori Efq;< 5 -,; Caernarvon, MerionethSArw, I 'Rogers Holland, Efq; - and Anglefey; ■ f John Pollen, Efq;.: • V 4 . N U M- a# JPartHj N-'tJM BER : XCV. I ’he Names of the Officer* in the Court -of the Dutch. Chamber of Lancafter. TJ Icbart, Lord Ea'gmmbe, Chancellor. Edward Wittes, r Efq; Servant at L^w, Attorncy-GeneraU JobnJolliffe, Efq; Recciver-Geheral. ;n \ William Raft, Efq; Auditor on the South Side of Trent. ■ Peregrine Fury, Efq; Auditor on the North Side; ■ i v v,. : Sa-.Jobn'Siatham', Knt. Surrey or'General ol the Land« on tie North Side of Trent. ■ i, . > . . . , Robert Sberard, Efq; Sutveyor bh the South Side. Robert Fenwick, ' Efq; King’s Serjeantat Law, within the Dutchy 'cA-hanedfterP--. 1 ' ' jy < j r .:tl Cafel Payne, Efq;oiie of his Majeily’s Learned Council,un u.; Henry Hanks, Efq; another of his Majefty’s Learned Council. Peter Obaffely ji'Elqi 'CIerk of'-the Council, and Keeper of the Records.—- .-.-i Mr. 7«ji)»'^e^,'D<:putyClerkand Regiilerofhis Majefty’s Court of the Dutchy-Chamber of \Lancafter‘.' • • .■• < ■> Mr. ‘Thomas Afotem and Mr. Edmund Burton, the two Attorneys of A the Laid Court. ‘ . > ■ -s J';' 1 Mr. JihhWolfe ,Secretary to the -Chancellor. ,n Mr. Benjamin Arnold, Ufher and Meffenger. ,u!i :n Officers in the Court of. Chancery, held at Preflon in the Conti Palatine of ‘LanCafler. - Chancellor, Richard, Lord Edgcumbe . Vice-Chancellor; < John Ford,i Efq;^• King’s Attorney, Robert Fexwick, Efq; Chief Clerk, Regifter, and Examiner, Nicholas Woofiy*, Geite My .Thomas' StarFey, 1 — Mr; Henry Smith, I Mr. William Sbawe, ' VCle'rks and CurfitOTJ-, y, Mr. JohsStoeke, . I Mr. Japes Majfon, ' r.nj . Prot&oiiotatfoPbarles Bowle4/Efq; ^ .-. 1,1 HisDeputy,, ^Oamds'Fojfer, Efq; , . ..A . Clerk of the Cioim, ‘Francis Reynolds, Efq; ,’V:.'v U Clerk of the Peace, William Kenyon, Efq; Book III, NUMBER XCVi. Of the Marflial’s-Court. The Judges Court. T H E Lord-Steward of his Majefty’s Houlhold for the 11168 being (his Grace' the Duke jrf Devostfhire,) . The Knight-Marlhal of hisMajefty’s Houflioid for the Tim* being (Sir Philip Meadows, Knt.) . And the Steward of the Court, who rouft be a BarrifteratLjW [Sidncy-StaffordSmith, Efq;) - ' Deputy-steward, John Cay, Efq; , In this Court, in Civil Aflions, both the Plaintiff and Defen- ■ dantmuftbebelonging tohisMajetty’sHoulhold. i . .. ' Qf-the Cairt'of‘his Majefty's Palace at Weftminfter, tailed tit . Palace-Court, held in Southwark, the Jurifdiflion ofwbich extends twel ve Miles round, front the /aid Palace at Weltmin j her, the City of London only excepted. . > ' ' There are the fame Judges, Counsellors, and Attorneys as in the Marfhal’s.Court; but in this CourE.neither the Plaintiff nor Defendant muftbeof, .or belonging,to his Majefty’s Houlhold. ' . , , Prothonotary, Richard Bulfrode, Efq; Secondary and Deputy Prothonotary, Edward Gilhourtte, Gent. Counfellors belonging to the Court. ! y.tate : ^Mi. The Court nSfSieilMchyCof'iawc/cr is kept nearthe lower . Exchequer, in Wefiminfier-Hall. , The Offices belonging to thit Court are kept in the old Baild- :•-5:U .- Admiralty Office, agatnft Scotiand-Yard. CofiimiJary-GeneraPs Office, at ghefiorfe-Gnards. Office of Payrmafter-General ofjhe. Guardsjsai..(dai;rifoni i at die Horfe-Giards. Judge* Advocate's Office, at the 6me Place. Office of t \^.;Comftrailers, of .'the Army : Accojnp& in Prhy Garden. ^PUj-Office, in Crutchid-Frieri. _ , , Paf-aaSer's OSice of the Navy, in Broad-fteef, , rkl . Fi£luafting(^ci',\6niiitle-Tower-hiiL Office of Ordnance, in th v Tmxei;.-, Office of ..the, Governors of j}ie late Queen's pom®, ofthePotr Clergf, th£ new Buildings 'adjoining to tW Banqueting. Jitu/e in Whitehall. tank of England Offae. m Threadneed{e-Jlreet. . South-Sea Monte, in ditto ! ! : Eaf-India Office, at the Eafl-Indip. Royal African Company’s Office, Sion College, near the North-fide df London-Wall ,-by Ctifpkgaie. The College of Pbyficians, in War/wick-Lane. Doflor's-Cemmons, in the Pariihof St. Bennet Paul's Wharf, where are held theHighCourtof Admiralty, the High-Court of belegatet, the Arches Court tA,Canterbury, and the Pan¬ gel ive Court of Canterbury: ~ ” EerahPi t Office, in \Dodor's-Gbmmm, ■ The Royal 'Society Offices andCRepofitory, in Crane-Court,Fliel- fireet. Genera l-Pof Office, in Lombard fireet There are Six Penm'rP.offf&iqti i;the chiefefl is m.Tfyeailnefdli- freet; Weftmtnfer Office, near Chartng Crofs ; Southwark Office, near St. -Maty Overy's^ Church ; St. Pauls Office, in Pater-nofer,-mq QfRce, in Chancery Lam., and Her-, utitage Offite; On LitfltTc'iver-HUl, - ;r.» . Houfe, J in Leaden-hall. 5 freet. iMumim while,ti? ZJSMbw&e printing s Inrthe HOUSE of COMMONS. ' - Town of Cambridge.. ^ .- -• Fir Samuel Shepheard, Chriftopher.jeffreafon, ' - Cornwall. ‘ Hr Coventry Carew, v Bart .—James Bulle’r, E/q; '■ « Callington.. ■ v. if Thomas Coppletfon, E/q ;—Edmund Bacon," Efq} "" J ‘ Huntington; ■ . - x . • Keltond Courtnay, E/q ;—William Montague; E/qi * v ” v Northamptonfhire. Thomas Cartwright, E/qi —Valentine Knightley, E/q; . ' Northumberland. •'■■■' n - John Fenwick, Efq-,—Lord Offulftone. Bath. ■ General Wade ,—General Ligonier. Eye- Roger Townlhend, F/j;—Nicholas Harding,' Efq; ■- . Weltbuiy. . John Bance, E/q;— Matthew Mechel, E/q-, Paul Methuen, E/q -,—Chancy Townfend, £/j;- Montgomery. -V ; Henry Herbert, E/q -,—William Herbert, E/q; V,. ddd to the Knightt of the Bath. Sir Peter Warren. . ... .. * ... ./ Sir Edward Hawke. la the Secretary't Office. Richard Aldworth, Efq-, Undersecretary in the Southern Province. Lift of Deant. Dr. Littleton, Dean of Exeter. In the Board of Worh* Henry Flitcroft, E/q-, Mafter Mafia. , Mr. Oram, Mafter Carpenter ,