MASTER NEGATIVE NO. 94-821 41 COPYRIGHT STATEMENT The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted materials including foreign works under certain conditions. In addition, the United States extends protection to foreign works by means of various international conventions, bilateral agreements, and proclamations. Under certain conditions specified in the law, libraries and archives are authorized to furnish a photocopy or other reproduction. One of these specified conditions is that the photocopy or reproduction is not to be "used for any purpose other than private study, scholarship, or research." If a user makes a request for, or later uses, a photocopy or reproduction for purposes in excess of "fair use," that user may be liable for copyright infringement. The Columbia University Libraries reserve the right to refuse to accept a copying order if, in its judgement, fulfillment of the order would involve violation of the copyright law. Author: Powell, George Henry Title: Powell's practical advertiser Place : New York Date: 1908 MASTER NEGATIVE # 4 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES PRESERVATION DIVISION BIBLIOGRAPHIC MICROFORM TARGET ORIGINAL MATERIAL AS FILMED - EXISTING BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD rw BUSINESS 253 * P873 i^fPSl I Powell, George Henry. Powell 's practical advertiser ; a practical work for ad- vertising writers and business men, with instruction on planning, preparing, placing and managing modern pub- licity, bv George H. Powell. AVith cyclopedia of over one thousand useful advertisements. New York, G. H. Pow- ell, 1^. 1908. 229 p. front, (port.) illus. 31 Advertising. cm Library of Congress Copyright A 119741 n --.*-' HF5823.P88 5—20420 RESTRICTIONS ON USE: TECHNICAL MICROFORM DATA FILM SIZE: ^^ Jilij^ REDUCTION RATIO: lip IMAGE PLACEMENT: lA % IB IIB DATE FILMED: (r,-^"^-^^\ TRACKING # : M^f/ 0/S- (a) 00 O 3 3 0) O >> -.m 3 I §5 M CO ^< ooisi o ^4r^, e^ 00 4^ (J1 CJl 3 3 3 3 > o> DD O > S,o o m ??.o Q-3 Zm CD O OQ X 3 X 1— • ^ f , 5c: M CZ:-yr KLMN Dpqrsti 00 (Jl CT) ;lmn kImn ^ o ^ o n 5 "0 go GO'S ^ •-•—I o < H $ cz o^x X < oorsi N < o X M o. lO o o ^. * 'V? > o i 3 ^, III a?- o o 3 3 .*** .<^1^ ^ >. V <^^^. r.<^ ?^ fp .^o^ 1^ Is IS Is a » Ig to In 2.0 mm oacoErGHijKiMftorgosiumiiir; mcJIKWlllliliiinillllli »lu»«i >t I ?i4!.t 7g«l ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ abcdetghiiklmnopqrsfuvwxyz 1234567890 ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ abcdefghiiklmnopqrstuvwxyz 12345678^0 ?

C CO X u ^ 0(/) 5 m o m 2.5 mm ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ abcdefghiiklmnopqrstuvwxyz 1234567890 ..^^ •'>= ¥o g^ « ^ 3 3 IN) 3 3 CT IS %^ io ^5 01 s> •§.0 Is s| |i Is «< a) 'sJ-< OOISI s ui 3 3 > CD o m Oq'X ■^^^ cri3 z ^ o o °° o "D $ C X < Nl < X IM ■*#► ^Z^- ^/^^^>% ^/^> $: ^^^ WMt^!^- ^f ™-^^ Columbia ®nftif rsfftp THE LIBRARIES GRADUATE SCH(X)L OF BUSINESS LIBRARY POWELL'S PRACTICAL ADVERTISER A Practical Work for Advertising Writers and Business Men, with Instruction on Planning, Preparing, Placing and Managing Modern Publicity By GEORGE H. POWELL WITH CYCLOPEDIA OF OVER ONE THOUSAND USEFUL ADVERTISEMENTS 1908 GEORGE H. POWELL NEW YORK INTENTIONAL SECOND EXPOSURE POWELL'S PRACTICAL ADVERTISER A Practical Work for Advertising Writers and Business Men, with Instruction on Planning, Preparing, Placing and Managing Modern Publicity By GEORGE H. POWELL WITH CYCLOPEDIA OF OVER ONE THOUSAND . USEFUL ADVERTISEMENTS 1 90S GEORGE H. POWELL NEW YORK eMBMl 'J ij^XV^-'^-*-*^ ,\y^Ulo dvyriflll, 1905 By GEORGE H. POWELL Entered at Stalionert' Hall, Looiioa ^ ^ ! THE GENESEE PRESS I THE POST EXPRESS • PRINTTNC COMWNYH ROCHLSTtU NEW YORK By Way of Introduction. HURING my professional career as an advertising expert, covering more than fifteen years, including nearly five as an instructor through the Powell Correspondence System, I have had the widest opportunity for noting some of the most marvelous advertising successes, together with the more numerous heartrending failures, and this book will give its readers the benefit so far as a book can. It has been estimated that over sixty, some say seventy, per cent, of all advertising is practically so much money wasted, simply because of the dense ignorance of the vast majority of business men, when it comes to profitable publicity. In any event, however, there is not a shadow of doubt that millions of dollars are yearly dissipated in advertising with no more practical return than would result from dumping these vast sums of good American money into a giant bon-fire. Many of the most successful advertisers — men who have accumulated vast fortunes by doing the right thing most of the time — emphatically declare that advertising is a gamble, even under the most favorable conditions. They do not mean, of course, that it is doubtful as to the real efficacy of the right sort of advertising, but that practically every advertiser is apt to commit a serious blunder now and then, and that it is far from being an exact science. Without argument at this time, I will only say that the errors in judgment into which a thoroughly experienced advertiser will plunge will be those which no human expertness can avoid, since they must result from contact with unseen and unavoidable stumbling blocks. These obstructions to continual success are to be located in the mysteries of periodical circu- lation, which may deceive any man, in National or local events which for the time being kill reading interest, and in the fickleness of human nature. As for certainty, I do know that with ability to prepare good advertising copv, plus sufficient business judgment, failures will be few and far between — and no more frequent than in any other business walk. Of course, the shore of the stream is strewn with wrecks from every line of endeavor, and mortal man will never be wholly immune from error and self-deception. The biggest winners may make failures, based on a more glaring disregard of fact and reason than any financially weak advertiser would be guilty of— but greater successes hide all discredit, while the one slight mis-slep of a weak beginner may end in blasted hopes and public contempt. How important, therefore, that a practical advertising knowledge be obtained by those who aspire to greater business achievement and wealth — by those who are now circumscribed simply because they are ignorant as to the forward and backward movements of the advertising lever that opens and shuts financial valves at just the right time and puts the pressure where it belongs, and without an appreciable loss of power. To pry into the workings, therefore, has been my task. In the preparation of this work I have not once lost sight of the practical side, and in con- sequence I feel sure that there isn't a dry page from cover to cover. I have taken up the advertising problem along lines wholly difl^erent from those employed by others, and with what success, I leave to others to say. My only regret is that I could not, try as I would, reduce the size of the book, both in the dimension of the pages and their number, but that finely adjusted balance between too much and too little seemed to halt at the last folio of this work, and I feel sure every business man and advertising student will agree that Powell's Practical Advertiser is altogether the greatest guide and elbow book imaginable. ^o ^^ f::. I What Advertising Has Accomplished One cannot investigate the marvelous growth of advertising without arriving at one conclus- ion, namely — that it pays thousands of advertisers. No other reasoning is possible, since they would not continue to spend the enormous sums of money entailed, unless there was a resulting profit. A firm of active young men started a retail drug store in the basement of a New York build- ing, and in a few months had an established trade that was the envy of many an older concern. The show window was always full of attractions; fresh window cards compelled the attention of the regular passer-by, who soon learned that he or she could profit by the brief injunctions. The firms ad's were always brief, but chatty, and worth the minute or two spent in their perusal. These bright fellows simply kept interest hot and they are to-day, about six years after establish- ing, more than well off. A young bank clerk in Rochester, N. Y., invented a new scheme in the shape of a practical amateur camera, and from small beginnings he has built up a mighty industry. Every time you see an ad. for the Kodak, upon which fortunes have been expended for publicity, just remember that George Eastman would never have been worth his millions without the constant expenditure of thousands of dollars for telling picture lovers about the superiority of the little machine which really was responsible for the revolution in camera construction. Naturally advertising without intelligent business co-operation must be dissipated and wasted; but the man who will bank entirely on a given quantity of newspaper, magazine or other form of publicity, and without either skill in the preparation of copy or nervous energy enough to find out something about the drift of events and competition, and who makes no effort to guide his period- ical space somewhat in accordance with results, deserves no sympathy. Advertising has built in a few months a host of paying mail order businesses, and it behooves the new comer to find out the principles that make success possible. Advertising has turned a 20 per cent, profit on medicines and specialties inside of sixty days, and it has likewise created established businesses for wide-awake, hustling store keepers all over the country, instead of compelling them to wait years. Business sense plus knowing WHAT to advertise have naturally had something to do with it. The manufacturers of a trade-marked shoe for women, at the urgent suggestion of their wide- awake salesmen, who found such chilly receptions among dealers, began advertising in the Ladies' Home Journal of September, 1903, using a four-inch copy for four months. A good catalogue was also mailed to a very large list of dealers throughout the country. The second cover of the catalogue had the four-inch ad. reproduced, with the timely admonition that it would be read in a million homes. To-day these manufacturers are considering plans for a larger factory. The day has practically passed when a business policy can be maintained on " letting well enough alone." Investigate the causes of many failures, and you will too often find that aggressive advertising competitors got their " established " businesses away. The most difficult form of advertising is, perhaps, for some staple, whose superior merits call for constant reiteration for a long time before the public wake up and purchase in sufficient quan- tity to make the enterprise a great winner. But modern methods and skill have rendered it practically unnecessary to squander fortunes in advertising before even paying expenses, and as merchants and manufacturers continue to learn more and more about the great basic principles which make advertising success possible, we may expect still greater marvelous achievements all along the line. And in this connection it will be well to bear in mind that in countless instances advertising has paid from 10 to 100 per cent. PER MONTH in net profits. Anything short of a Kim- berly mining claim seems uninteresting in comparison. f Types and Their Use Enormous Strides in Type Founding, Study of Effects, Origin of Point System, Measurements and Scales. Since the days of Gutenberg, Faust and Schoeffer, the three men credited by history with being responsible for the early development of the movable type about 1436, the art of type founding has been revolutionized many times. From the days of hand moulds to the era of casting machines operated by the hand wheel is a long span ; but from the latter to the perfected power machine of 1905, is a mere step. Within ten years, though, the entire operation of the type casting machine has become almost human in its action, and in its present state it will doubtless remain for all time, with possible minor alterations to suit conditions not yet born. The perfection of this machine has had a wonderful effect on printing and advertising, because it has reduced foundry cost to a minimum and made possible the bringing out of a hundred new styles of type as against one in the old days. But the perfected type caster cannot alone share all the glory of enabling founders to add greater quantities of new styles. The process of making the matrix by machinery has been perfected, so that time, expense and tedious delay have been reduced in a marvelous degree. A dozen or more years ago the matrix could only be produced after all the letters and characters had first been cut on so many separate steel punches. To-day an entire series is cut by machinery in a twentieth of the time formerly required. While the cost of type to the printer has not been materially reduced, yet the founders have broadened their policy and gone to enormous added expense in bringing out hundreds of new styles— a constant stream of beautiful effects that are the wonder and admiration of advertisers and lovers of art. The life of a new style of type, too, is often problematical, since only " standard " faces can be sure of permanency. Often a new series will be short lived, and the sales almost fail to meet the expense necessary to bring it out. To-day the very best artists in the world are sought, and it is nothing uncommon for one of these world celebrities to receive I3000 for merely designing one complete alphabet of a brand new type style ! With all this great work on the part of artists and type founders there now seems no reason or excuse for the printer getting along with old selections, or in the advertiser letting him do so. Proper typography is a most important part of advertising, and were it better understood there would be less advertising failures by fifty per cent., at least. A Study of Type Effects. The first thing to understand is that no printer or advertising man in the world knows about or ever saw, a hundredth of the type styles, that have been produced up to date. More than that, it isn't necessary. Memorizing names is about as useless as committing all the words in the dictionary. The new ad. writer merely gets posted on the late, up-to-date, and the more common standard types.' The type founders will continue to turn out new creations in bewildering confusion, and their specimen sheets can be procured at any time. I have reproduced herewith certain standard specimens of type, together with some of the very latest art creations, which are more, even, than is necessary for the study of type. ■ 7 8 POWELL'S PRACTICAL ADVERTISER. Remember, too, that each ad. writer has his own favorite styles, and if possible he will stick to them. A large selection is wholly unnecessary, since many styles are so nearly alike that it would be folly to attempt to use everything. Very few styles, therefore, need be relied on at one time. The ad. writer will need to know that certain classes of types are indispensable, and I therefore suggest the following : Old Style Roman. —The best all-round type for text matter, Caslon, the name of the style in which this text is printed, is good for books, yet it takes more space for small ads. than some other Old Styles. It is pretty safe, however, to mark your copy " O. S. Roman " for the text, giving size if necessary, and trusting to the printer having a proper Old Style, as he is pretty sure to have. Each founder makes from four to ten different Old Styles, which only vary to a limited extent. The body of this book is 12 point Caslon made by the American Type Founders Co., while in the specimen pages following it will be noted that the 12 point Caslon of the Inland Type Foundry has a slightly larger face on same body. One founder — I don't know which one — is sure it adheres to the old Caslon standard, while the other departs from it. Unfortunately for exactness, William Caslon's period of usefulness was in force about 1693, so we can't prove anything by him. Incidentally, it will be well to note that types are named after distinguished men who have at one time or another been leaders in type making and printing. All the names of "ye olde" masters of by-gone days have been honored, and there not being enough new men worthy of enduring type-name honors, it has become necessary to give such modern titles as Roycroft, Cheltenham, Avil, Charter Oak, etc. Modified Old Style. — A good type like Avil or Cheltenham is a sort of compromise between the regular Old Style Roman and what printers call a "job letter," which is nothing more nor less than a display face, as represented by the more rugged Roycroft, etc. Many ad. writers have their text matter set in these heavy job types, and as a result the appearance is clumsy and black. Avil and Cheltenham are fully as heavy as any text matter needs, except in street car cards, etc., when a 48 or 60 point heavy faced type in lower case will be all right. But in advertisement text use the Old Style Romans, Avil, etc. Display Job Faces. — I am an apostle of exceedingly limited display, because it looks better, and the contrast is sharper and more readable than is possible where every other line is displayed. The reader will observe that the best department store ads. now use as a rule only one style of display, although several sizes of the series may be utilized. The point to remember is this : With a good Old Style Roman for text matter or even Modern Roman if preferred for daily papers, and say Winchell or Condensed Winchell for the displays, the ad. writer need not call on the printer for another style. Very simple, isn't it ? and not only this, but remember that when a newspaper seems to be using Winchell to death in much of its customers' advertisements, then it is about time to insist on something that everybody else hasn't used — Powell, Ben Franklin, Roycroft, or one of the new styles that are constantly coming out, and which are just as suitable. The Emphasis of Typofiraphical Effects. I take very little stock in modern deductions that have to do with so-called scienrific explanations for certain ads. being winners while others are losers. A great deal has been published about the " psychology " of advertising, and while some of its reasonings seem consistent, yet other explanations are more nearly correct, besides being simpler and more readily understood. In another part of this work I shall discuss more fully this matter, and I merely allude to it TYPES AND THEIR USE. 9 here, as having a slight bearing on the point. I now wish to take up the importance of typog- raphy in making an ad. conspicuous among its fellows by contrast. Every well displayed line that stands out alone and says something of interest is mighty useful in attracting the reader's attention. Every striking border that is used with good effect adds wonderfully to the possibility of being seen. Therefore, a careful study of typographical possibilities is of paramount importance, since half the pulling power of a transient or occasional ad. may depend on just how inviting the announcement appears. The ad. writer should study the various type and border specimens, and numerous talks with his printer will be of value. Often the latter will have something new, and if progressive he can be induced to buy new faces. When a new and desirable type is bought, make use of it before it becomes ancient history. Remember that your advertising, both ads. and printed literature, is likely to be seen by possible customers, who are also interested in new effects. I recall that my first new border design that I used in magazine ads. was so unique that business men and advertisers all over the country had their printers trying to buy it, but only one type founder could supply the informa- tion because I had a private matrix made for my exclusive use at an expense of about $50.00, and no one else could buy this particular border. The emphasis of this typographical effect was marked, and especially as at that time borders were seldom used, and what did exist were of the most inconspicuous sort. Certain department stores have had type of original design made for their exclusive use, and it shows the value properiy placed on exclusiveness. An important advertiser in almost any city can induce the daily papers to buy type for his exclusive use, or if not wholly, he can at least have it exclusive so far as competitors or other large advertisers are concerned. The main thing, however, is to first attain typographical perfection and then have as few other ads. as possible set in the same styles. The small advertiser can often afford to buy for his own use one or two new styles with the understanding that they are to be used on no other ad. Say you run a five-inch single column ad. and want the text set in 12 point Avil, with the display in 24 point Avil, using a three line paragraph set in the latter, which gives an exceedingly simple, chaste effect. The cost of these two sizes in sufficient quantity would not exceed $10.00 and think what you would get, especially if you ran an outline illustration over the paragraph in 24 point. Avil above 10 point is a splendid letter for text in ads., but it is rather too ornate below this size. Cheltenham or regular Old Style Roman in 6 or 8 point will be much more effecrive. These expressions on exclusiveness are not so pertinent in National or Magazine Adver- tising, because for their use the advertiser usually has an artist make some new monthly or weekly design, for the purpose of having a plate or engraving that is beyond imitation or duplicarion by others. In printed literature, exclusiveness in type is of less importance, because good composition, good paper and good press work result in a product that will secure the recipient's attention. The printers of America are progressing, and many of them are conducing veritable art shops, and employing printers of marked ability, but they are in a vast minority, and advertisers owe it to themselves to insist on modern effects. One of the most famous type founders in the country recently said to me, "We are paying out big money every month getting up high class effects in printed specimens of our new styles simply for educating the printers. The great majority of them seem be as desritute of ideas as' they were a dozen years ago.'* ! 10 POWELL'S PRACTICAL ADVERTISER. Therefore, the ad. writer and advertiser must lay out the plans for effective advertising, just as the architect must plan the home, if striking effects are wanted. And lastly, under this head, I will again remind ad. writers that the type founders, whose productions are herewith shown, will from time to time be glad to send them new specimen sheets. Orifiin of the Point System. While no particular reason attaches to the name a type series may have — it being given simply as a person or a street is given a name to distinguish it from others — yet the sizes such as lo point, 12 point, etc., do possess characteristics that the ad. writer should know about. For one thing this knowledge will set the mind at rest as to "what it all means," and for another thing it will show how type making has at last reached a scientific standard. First closely examine the table below, which gives the names of the old bodies and their new designation by points : The American Point System. 3 yi Point Brilliant. 4j4 " Diamond. 5 «* Pearl. S}i " Agate. 6 •' Nonpareil. 7 •• Minion. 8 V «' Brevier. 9 " Bourgeois. 10 " Long Primer. 11 •« Small Pica. 1 2 Point . . . . . .Pica. 30 Point . . . . . . 5-li 14 •' ... . . . English or z-linc \! inion 32 <( ...4-1 i> •• ... . . . 3 -line Pearl. 36 < « ...3-l> 16 •• . . . . , . 2 -line Brevier. 40 < ( . . . 2-li 18 •• ... . . . Great Primer. 42 i f ...7-li 20 " ... . . Paragon or 2 -line Long 44 << ...4-li Primer. 48 << ...4-l> 22 " ... 2-line Small Pica. 54 << ...9-1 24 •« ... . . . 2 -line Pica. 60 « t ...5-1 28 " ... , . . 2-Iine English. 7» << ...6-1 ne Nonpareil. nc Brevier. ne Great Primer. ne Paragon. ne Nonpareil. ne Small Pica. ne Pica. ne Nonpareil. ne Pica. ne Pica. Just what connection the old names for sizes had is not clear, but a more important feature is the fact that in the old days the various type founders, although using the same designations from Brilliant up, did not make type of a uniform standard body. This slight variation caused printers much trouble and annoyance, where two or more different products were combined in composition. The Boston Type Foundry, for example, did not agree with the Dickinson Foundry, a Pica body of the former being fuller than that of the latter. Compositors were, therefore, obliged to build up with thin card board or paper strips so the matter could be locked up securely for the press. Many conferences between the various type founders in all parts of the country — practically all varying in most of the body standards — accomplished little. Each claimed that his standard was the real thing, and therefore he couldn't change, but was perfectly willing that the others should adopt his scale. iiiiiiii The above shows the actual depth of the principal type bodies. The nicks are for the printer's guidance in type setting — they always face out when propcriy composed. The variations in number of nicks are merely to show at a glance type of same «ize, but belonging to different styles. The «♦ shoulders" show by the octagonal cut-offs. TYPES AND THEIR USE. 11 There was no real reason for any such self-congratulation, since not one of these worthies had any scientific standard at all. Great Primer was about a stiff cardboard shy of three Nonpareils, so the compositor couldn't set even one founder's type without more or less patching of the combined larger sizes. One day after the great Chicago fire had laid in ruins the founders' plants, Marder, Luse & Co. then determined to begin all over by creating a " Multiple Standard," whereby the glaring inaccuracies would be overcome. Great Primer was made larger— an exact 3-line Nonpareil. In fact every size, practically, was carefully graded on this plan. It was several years after this, however, before the other founders got together and finally adopted the present Point System. Marder, Luse & Co. had in reality done this, although adhering to the old size names. To-day, the Point System is supreme and a fixture. As to the basis of point science, it probably has no more significance than the fact that a beginning must be made somewhere and Pica, the famous old size, was selected for the making of unit points. The new system was not absolutely perfect in theory though, since from time immemorial the basis of the advertising measure has been « fourteen Agate lines to the inch." With 72 points for I inch (6 Pica or 12 Nonpareil lines), and the old Agate being converted into s'A point, it is evident that to-day fourteen lines of the latter equal 77 points, or five points more than one inch. This really does not affect the science and utility of the present Point Svstem, yet it does mean that the Newspaper using the Modern Agate, now called s'A point, and calling fourteen such lines one inch, will give slightly more than one full inch of space. Of course, all this has to do only with depth of body, and in measuring down the column, line by line. The width of a column is not involved. Syi point type (old agate) is used by most daily papers for classified ads, viz.: With the regular display advertising, not "classified," fourteen divisions to the inch is the rule. An ad. occu- pying one inch is, therefore, charged 1 14.00 if the rate is li.oo per line; $28.00 for a two-inch ad. at the same rate, etc. The publishers' advertising rules of fourteen lines to the inch for measuring regular display or general advertising, must necessarily ignore fourteen lines of the new 5 li point agate. Since "classified " advertising is charged so much per "count" agate line, it follows that the point system gives the classified advertiser a fraction over the inch. Count lines mean the lines are counted line for line and not measured. See classified ad. above, and note that the fourteen lines are more than one inch deep. A Look at Type Anatomy. A mere glance at this illustration will make the whole thing clear. A type may be marked 72 point, and yet the student may be confused because the face of the letters seems to be less. The mistake is in thinking that the face of the type shows the full size, but the number of points refers only to the type body as a whole, and not merely the printing face. Note in the word " Hyloj " herewith illustrated that the lower case « y " projects downward below the bottom of the cap "H."" This compels the latter letter to occupy less than the full depth of the type body as shown • therefore, where there is lower case with caps in any series the face of most of the caps will not show the full point body— and the point size refers only to the body on which the printing face IS cast. ^ ° F.\MIL\ lonvinK rily must hoH this woek. re- (?nr- riKlit cabinet Krnnd I'iano. in perfect conditiim 08 now la-it November ; beautiful carved riiii- hosrany case, without mar or blemiHh ; very HWiet tone and Hympathetic aofion ; rttudeni'« practice rnuffler;alllateHtimprovenicntH: fully warranted for ten years by maker; must be se-n to l>e ap- preciated, as piano Hpeaks for itself; will aacri- lice for less than on»"-third, »17j. including Ktool, for quick cash, as must be Hold immediately be- fore leaviiiK; a grand chance for any one desirinB beautiful Instrument. Call residence, » West 4."ith, near .lih a v. 12 POWELL'S PRACTICAL ADVERTISER. A brief understanding of certain type characteristics may prove of interest, althor'^h not of any real value, perhaps, as all the ad. writer needs to know, technically, is enough about styles and sizes to be able to select suitable display and text type and mark same for the printer's guidance. Lon^ Letters, so called, fill the full depth of the body, and are both ascending and descend- ing, such as Q and J. Short Letters have the face cast on the middle of the body (founders call it the " shank), such as a, c, m, n, o, etc. Ascending Letters are all the caps of Roman and Italic, and most of the display or job styles — also the lower case b, d, f, h, i, k, I, etc. Descending Letters are g, p, q and y. A Font or Fount means a complete assortment of one size of type; for example, lo point Roycroft. This and all display or job types come with a properly apportioned number of each letter of the alphabet and punctuation marks or points, and usually figures. A Roman series contains the complete characters, many of which are useful only in books, etc., where reference marks are needed ; viz.: CAPITALS, SMALL CAPITALS, lower case, figures i, 2, 3, etc., punctuation points, the comma (,), semi-colon (;), colon (:), period or full-point (.), interrogation (?) and mark of admira- tion or exclamation (!), apostrophe ('), brackets [], parenthesis ( ), hyphen (-), dash ( — ). The references are the asterisk (*), dagger (f), double dagger ({), section (§), parallel (||), paragraph (^). Roman type also can be furnished with accented letters, which are seldom used. Display or job type does not require more than the regular punctuation points and figures, yet modern artists often design new styles with original, though unclassified, characters, such as a lower case i with two dots in Winchell, etc. The word "font" refers to a display or job assortment of type and a small assortment of Roman. The word " fount " alludes to a large assortment of Roman, usually several hundred pounds. " Font," however, is the term generally used. The Type Measure — Ai.l%W.MIMIJijJIJJIJ ft 'I ^ . I ! I M 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 11 III I m 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 M MM -2 - - The illustration herewith shown needs little explanation. Measure from top of first type line to the bottom of last line — always down the column. To find the total lines in a page, find the number of lines in one column and then multiply by the number of columns on the page. Column Widths. The regular, standard newspaper column is 13 ems Pica (12 pt.), or 2% inches, in width. The Saturday Evening Post, Ladies' Home Journal, Leslie's Weekly and many of the National weeklies are i^H ems Pica (12 point) or 2^^ inches in width. Magazine columns are generally 16 ems Pica (12 point) or 2 5^ inches in width. Ad. writers will note that there is no single standard width, each publication adopting what- ever suits its own notion. In making Electrotypes of ads. intended for many publications, as is customary with large National advertisers, it is considered best to divide widths into classes as follows : Daily and country weekly papers should have ads. set about 2}i inches wide, as a few publishers use a narrower measure than this; for double column ads. in this class, 4^/^ inches wide will be safe. National publications of the Saturday Evening Post class usually have wider columns than dailies and ordinary weeklies, and the copy furnished is generally diflferent. Of course, the narrower measure can be run in the Post class, but if the space used is of respectable size, it is best to TYPES AND THEIR USE. 13 prepare especially. Double column Post standard is about 4% inches in width. Magazines are practically all al.ke-2S^ single column width and sH inches for full page width of two columns. Lertam publications may at times call for special widths. It seems hardly necessary to say that the reason why the double column width is greater proportionately than the single, is owing to the fact that a column rule or blank space divides the two columns, and consequently this is included in the wider measure. The Meaninii of "Ems Pica." A Pica (12 point) "Em" represents a square of this size body, and if a measure is 13 ems It, of course, means that thirteen of these just fill one line. The square "Em quad" or blank type IS the standard, and not the space of the capital M, as is often supposed. Many a capital M IS not on a square body, as is the case in Roman type, but the name " M quad" was given because the capital Roman "M" was almost square. The ad. writer should note that a column width may be 13 ems Pica, but alone it has no particular significance. For example, suppose 8-point Roman is being set 13 ems Pica (12 point) wide. Now there would be a greater number of 8 point ems than 13— in fact ig^. Practically nothing is to be gained in giving here elaborate tables of use only to the printer Certain facts, however, will be instructive. While the advertiser who wants to estimate the cost of a book or pamphlet will save himself much worry by submitting his work to one or more printers for " estimates," yet some idea as to the basis of figuring may prove interesting. There is, however, no sense in wasting time getting up these estimates yourself, when a pretty complete business-printing education gained through years ot experience is necessary. ^ Two or more printers will never fail to protect you on price. Competition is too keen, and besides, after all, they make prices— not you. Cost of "Straight" Composition Without Display. Advertisements and regular display type composition are not subject to any set scale of prices Besides publishers naturally charge nothing for putting their advertisers' announcements in type But in book work the printer generally charges the straight composition, or text matter, at so much per 1,000 ems" of the body of the type used. The following table gives the number of ems in the various sizes of type, on a basis of i- ems Pica (12 point) width. Printers charge from 50c. to 70c. per 1,000 ems of plain tvpe composition. ^ • ^ Table of Estimates. Showing the number of ems of the different sizes of newspaper type in a line, the number of lines necessary to make 1 000 ems and the length m mches ; the number of ems in the regular lengths of columns, and the number ofTeads?equirTd There are 66 13-em 2-pomt leads m one pound. 'cijuirca. 1 acre Estimated on Width of Standard Column, 1 3 Ems Pica. Number ems in line Number lines in 1,000 ems .... Number inches in 1,000 ems 4-Column Folio or Quarto \ / 5-Colunin Folio or Quartol Number ems) 6-Column Folio or Quarto [ in column 7-Column Folio or Quarto) 8-Column Folio, number ems in column 9-Column Folio, number ems in column 2-Pomt Leads in 1,000 ems of leaded matter Weight of 2-Point Leads in 1,000 ems of leaded matter Weight of 2-Point Leads needed to lead 1,000 ems of solid matter S}i Point I 14 POWELL'S PRACTICAL ADVERTISER. Wo ds 10 Words to 1 Sq. In. Sq. In. 1 8 Point, solid . 7 9 Point, leaded . 21 14 Point, solid . 1 1 8 Point, solid . . 3» I a Point, solid . . 14 8 Point, leaded . . 23 12 Point, leaded 1 1 7 Point, solid . l8 1 1 Point, solid . . 17 7 Point, leaded . 17 11 Point, leaded . >4 6 Point, solid . 47 10 Point, solid . . 21 6 Point, leaded . 34 lo Point, leaded • 16 5 Point, solid . . 69 9 Point, solid . 28 5 Point, leaded . • 50 " Leaded," as here used, means an opening of lines with z-point leads. Number of Words Required to Fill Given Space. Ad. writers are often puzzled to decide how much can be written and got into a certain amount of type space. The best way is to get at the approximate number of square inches to be allotted to the body or text, and then a glance at the following table will practically settle the matter. This applies only to regular Roman body matter, and not to heavier-faced type like Chelten- ham or other styles of varying thickness. In estimating on the latter it is always safe to count the number of words in a square inch. Number of Words, Approximately, Per Square Inch. In determining the square inches, no absolute ex- actness is necessary. Often a fractional part of an inch may bother, especially where the space is com- paratively small, and in such case always underestimate rather than write too much. The table just given is based on matter calling for a limited number of para- graphs. In matter like the chatty style where there is much paragraphing it is safe to deduct from 10 to 25 per cent, of the wording so as to not be under the necessity of re-writing copy after it is once in type. Booklet and other work generally require some additional matter being written, if the rule of not over-writing is observed. This is also no uncommon occurrence in large ads., and the largest department stores generally have their own composing room, so that their large copy goes to the several newspapers complete, and it is often given them so late that there is no time left for " fixing." Of course display composition cannot be figured except by general average, which is com- paratively easy, at so much per hour — say 60c. How to Ascertain the Quantity of Body Type Required. To ascertain the quantity of plain type required for any class of composition — newspapers, magazines or other work, find the number of square inches to be filled, and divide the same by 4, and the quotient will be the approximate weight in pounds. As it is impossible to set the cases of type entirely clear — or "skin it" — it is advisable to allow from 25 per cent, to large fonts, and even more to small ones, for "dead matter." For example: 72 square inches of space require 18 lbs. of body type, any size, to fill. When sold by the pound nothing less than 25 lbs. is put up at the pound price, and this would be more than ample for the 72 square inches. As most ad. work has much paragraphing, it is safe to figure without much extra allowance. One-fourth of the total square inches is, therefore, a good net basis. About Estimates. As stated, publishers charge nothing extra for putting ads. in type, and in booklet and job work the printer figures prices to include composition, press work, binding, etc., therefore the table of estimates, price of composition, etc., are hardly practical from the ad. writer's standpoint, but as many are anxious for these details, I have included them herewith. My advice to the ad. writer is to get the printer to do all figuring. A booklet dummy, for example, tcan show the cut arrangement, table or rule work, etc., which is not to be plain composition. TYPES AND THEIR USE. 15 Price List of Job Display Type of One Body and Face, Ordered at One Time. In Fonts of 23 and 50 Pounds, Per Pound : Price List of Type. fn fl'"'''lTu''''° ^f'" '^"'' ^^^^«'«^"^^"f^ «-t "P in exclusive type may not always be able toget the publisher to buy a certain style for their sole use. In this event, it may be well to buy the type. For example, a druggist may be using a six- mch single column space, and want the body or text, occupying say four inches, to be set in 12 point Avil.' A small regular font, or possibly two fonts, may be ample, but if the text space is more— 60 or 70 inches- then the type should be purchased in quantity by the pound. The accompanying table gives the price, although it may change from time to time. Sizes larger than 30 point, minimum quantity, 50 pounds. In quantities of 100 pounds and over, job type 5-Point, . S^ -Point, 6- Point, . 7- Point, . 8-Point, . 9- Point, . lo-Point, . 1 1 -Point, . I 2- Point, . . . $1 80 . . I . . I ■ 44 .16 . . I .00 .90 .80 • 74 .70 .66 1 4- Point, 16-Point, 1 8- Point, 20- Point, 24- Point, 30-Point, 36-Point, 42- Point, Larger, . ^0.62 .60 .60 .60 .56 .56 .56 •54 ■54 and job type figures are sold at reduced prices. The cost of Roman type is less per pound, as follows : ^""^ce List of Roman Body Type and Spaces. BODY. 5 -Point . V'l- -Point 6- Point . 7 -Point . 8 -Point . psr pound 25 pounds ' 500 pounds to 1 to 500 pounds 1000 pounds $t.20 $1.15 •74 .72 .64 .62 .56 •54 .52 .50 1000 pounds and over $1.10 .71 .61 •53 •49 BODV. 9-Point . lo-Point . I I -Point. . I 2. Point. . 14-Pt. to 24-Pt. 25 pounds to 500 pounds 500 pounds 1000 to pounds and 1000 pounds over inclusive $0.48 .46 •44 .42 .40 Jo.46 •44 •42 .40 .40 $0.45 •43 •4i .40 .40 30 Point and larger, at Job-type prices. Spaces and quads for all sizes larger than 24 Point, 40 cents per pound. Special prices on quantities of 2000 pounds and over. Roman and German body type is put up in fonts of 25 pounds, and multiples of 25 pounds. Italics and some specially condensed faces cost even more. Founders will quote on request. Table of Standard Sizes of Newspapers. co^.Jt\'f:::V?j!;:. "'"'" '"^ or newspapers adopted by the auxiliary or <^ patent inside" printers. The width of Size of Paper. 5-Column Folio 6-Column Folio 7-Column Folio 8-Column Folio 9-Column Folio 4-Column Quarto 5 -Column Quarto 6-Column Quarto 7-Column Quarto 20 X 26 inches 22 X 3 I inches 24 X 35 inches 26 X 40 inches 28 X 44 inches 22 X 31 inches 26 X 40 inches 30 X 44 inches 35 X 48 inches Column Rule. '934 213^ 2334 26 •3M •734 213/ nches nches nches nches nches nches nches nches nches The column rule, multiplied by 14 lines per inch, gives number of lines per column. Cyclopedia of Advertising and Printing Technique. Useful to Those Who Want to Know the Little Details, = Whether Important or Otherwise. Ad. or Adv. — Advertisement. Ascending Letters — Letters ascending into the upper shoulder, viz.: b, d, 1, etc. Advertising Agent — Often called ••broker." One who places advertising contracts with the publisher. He is a sort of a middle man who brings advertisers and publishers together, and is allowed a commission by publishers, varying from lo to 25 per cent. Large publishers will allow no commission to any agent who is not "recognized" by a publishers' association, or who does not have at least three clients' advertising to care for. Some large advertising agents employ many ad. writers for the benefit of their patrons. Advertising Solicitor — One who canvasses for a pub- lisher or advertising agency. He or she is paid either a stated salary or commission. The solicitor of a representative agency generally gets about one-third the profit charged customers — 5 per cent, where the agency does business on a 1 5 per cent, basis, etc. Advertising Manager — One who is employed to write, place and manage the publicity of the large advertiser. This term also applies to those who have charge of the advertising solicitors of a publication, and of all details, such as cor- respondence, rate making, etc. Bastard Type — Type with a face larger or smaller than its regular body ; as 6 point on 8 point body, or vice versa. Break Line — A short line that doesn't fill full width of measure. Blank Space — Usually refers to the white space between display lines, cuts, etc. The printer arranges it without instruction, unless the ad. writer wishes to produce some particular effect by an abnormal use of blank or white space, in which case he gives explicit directions by arrangement on his •• lay out," See "White Line." Brass Rule — Thin strips of brass, type high, having single, wave or double lines cut on the face. Fancy effects, like a border, are also occasionally produced. Booklet — Applied to small pamphlets with paper covers. Often a modified catalogue. Sec •• Primer." Body Type — Applied to type used for the text of an ad., such as Roman, either Old Style or Modern. Chelten- ham, Avil, etc., are also called body type when used for that purpose. Cancelled Figures — Figures cast with a line across the face. Casting Off — Estimating how many pages a certain amount of copy will make in type. Clean Proof — One with few errors. Close Matter — Mostly solid matter with few break lines. Corrections — The alterations or errors marked on a proof. Cut-in Letter — A larger type than the body type, usually an initial letter, adjusted at beginning of the first paragraph of a chapter. 16 Coated Book — The finest finished paper for half-tone or very high grade printing. Cut-in Note — A note of one or more lines, generally set smaller than the text matter, and justified into the side of a page. Column Width — Applies in general to column width. As there are several widths, this term means little, each pub- lisher setting the ads. according to his measure. Chase — An iron frame, less than type high, in which forms of type are locked before printing, electrotyping, etc. See •* Imposing." Change of Copy — New copy to replace old ad. Caps — Capital letters. Circulation — Relates to the number of copies of the publication that are printed and circulated. Where news dealers are privileged to return unsold magazines, papers, etc., they must be deducted before an honest statement can be given. Caption — The display or title proper belonging to an illustration or text. Card — Refers to small ads. that have little, if anything, save name, business and address of some professional man, who may be bound by certain ethics to nothing more — physicians for example ; also refers to street car cards, con- taining ads. See •• Mailing Card." Composition — The setting of type into words, and arranging the same into lines. Printers' ink rollers also are made from a glue, molasses and glycerine ** composition." Cur — An illustration of any kind. Catch Line — Not display as is sometimes thought, but words which connect two larger display lines, viz. : Grand Picnic "of the" Home Guard. See "Display." Composing Stick — A steel instrument for type setting. Catch Phrase — A term applied to catchy words that have a happy connection with a title, viz.: Kodak Cameras — •• You press the button, we do the rest." This is prob- ably the most famous catch prase ever coined. Other good ones, Victor Bicyles ••make the pace;" Van Houten's Cocoa, "best and goes farthest." D— Daily. Descending Letters — Letters that go down into the shoulders of the body ; as g, j, p, etc. Devil — Errand boy of a printing office. Dead Matter — Set type that is not to be again used. Distributinc — Returning types to their various boxes. Display — Setting copy in job or display faces, such as Ben Franklin, Roycroft, etc. Caps of Roman spaced out is also sometimes called displaying. Drive Out — To force out a word in a line by extra spacing between words. This is sometimes advisable where two or three lines have divided words, which show hyphens (-) massed together. See ••Keep in." cyclopedia of advertising and printing technique. V Dished— A defect in electrotyped plates, or the center of a letter being lower than its edges. rcf.^^T^T'' °u ' ^'*?rT'''^'' P=*«" ^° =» ^°™- Also reersto half a sheet of book paper, 19x25 inches, folded into I 2 leaves or 24 pages. DuMMY—Applied to a blank booklet or pamphlet, usually trimmed the actual size of prospective work. Should be to the printer what an architect's plans are to the builder. Proofs of all engravings and illustrations should be pasted in and the display heads ought to be pen or pencil lettered to mdicate approximate location, etc. A dummy is practically a book ••layout." See •« Lay Out." F^^caiiy columns!"" ^°'-""''-^''«" "« '« occupy two single DEscRiPTiON-That part of an ad. which relates to description of goods. Double Leaded— Type spaced out between the lines by use of two 2-point leads instead of one lead. Em — The square body of a type. En — Half the dimensions of the «'em." n,„ ^7\P^f-The 2d, 4th, 6th, or any even-numbered page of a book. Electro or Electrotype-A duplicate printing plate, type high, made by first taking a wax impression of type or cut matter which is later treated to a process which pro- duces a thin copper film in the wax mould. This film is removed from the wax and is called a ••Shell," which is filled with a cheap white metal. The printing contact being on his ranforced copper surface, it matters little about the quality of the ••filler," which merely gives strength. An Electro is distmguished from an original copper plate by the fact that the latter is soiid copper, while the former shows the white metal backing. Good Electrotypes are generally good tor 50,000 to 100,000 impressions. Etching— An engraving made from a sketch by the photo process-usually on zinc, although copper gives a finer print- ing surface and costs more. Where a plate is to be made from a pen-and-ink drawing and a photo or brush drawing one way ,s to make a zinc etching and a half-tone separately ' afterwards inserting the latter into the blank space left vacan't m the etching. A better job, however, is produced by making both the etching and half-tone on one copperplate, which is called a •• combination." See " Half-Tone." E. O. D.— Means an ad. is to run every other day. E. O. W.— Means every other week. Folio— Two pages to a form. Also refers to the running numbers of the pages in books. Form— The page or type matter when imposed in a chase for printing or electrotyping. FAT—Poetry and leaded type matter which is rapidly set, owing to the large amount of blank space which the compositor fills up with quads and spaces. Fat Face— Type that is broad stemmed. Foot NoTE-Matter usually set in type smaller than the text and placed at the bottom of the page with a reference mark. _ _ Flat Rate— Applies to publications having one adver- tising rate, without discounts for larger space or long time contracts. = r b """= Foul Proof— One with many errors marked in it. Foreign AovERTisiNG-The ad. of a concern located in some p ace other than the one where the publication is issued Generally understood to be a general advertiser not doing a local business. * Full Face_A type of bolder face than Roman. An old series ,s called ••Full Face," which is practically a very heavy, black edition of Roman, yet now seldom used, the more modern display styles taking its place. Font or Fount— A complete assortment of type. I.^ ^^f"V7j^ ^''''' °' '^°^*'° "»>'' ^«h "«^<: »"d head ledges for^ holding type when composed. The compositor dumps his composing stick on the galley. .alle?''"7/r'''~^ proof taken of the type when on the galley and before it is ••made up" into pages or "locked up m the chase for printing. This enables the printer to correct errors without loss of time. Get In — To set type close. Hanging Indention— Where successive lines are set-in an •• em or more beyond the first line, just as this explanation of the hanging indention is set. I do not hke this as a rule as well as the regular paragraph. Hell— A printing office receptacle, usually an old box Trown '''°™ °"'' ^'""'"'^ '"'^ ^'°'''" '>P' "'^ ^"^ "^ Heading— Refers to the display at head of ad. photograph or brush drawing. A half tone can also be made from a pen sketch. Handling an Account— An advertising agency term referring to doing business for the advertiser. ^ ^ ' ' chase**''°'"'°~'^'''"^'"^ '"'^ ^"^^""^ "P ' ^°™ ^^'yP* »" * Imprint— The name of printer or publisher appended to jobs or title pages. Also means name and addre« of the advertiser at bottom of the ad. Inferior LETTERs-Small letters cast near the bottom of the body, as a. b, c, etc. See •• Superior Letters. ' ' Insert_A printed sheet or sheets mserted between the regular pages of a publication or book. Colored inserts from two pages up m a magazine are like preferred position on account of greater prominence. Publishers quote special prices on such advertising. ^ ^ Indention -A blank space at beginning of paragraph usually an •• em " quad. See •• Han^ng Indention.'' iNTRODucTioN-The first text matter in an ad. which is couched in a more or less earnest or flowery stvle to interest readers and get them to read the description and other features. Justifying— Spacing out lines accurately, so each is practically the same width, otherwise the printer could not exert an equal locking pressure in the chase. Keep In— To crowd in as many words as possible in the ime, by thm spacing between words. See ••Drive Out." Leaders— ( )— Dots or hyphens placed at inter- vals of one or more ems to guide the eye across a wide open space, usually to figures. ^ ,n^ ^'^''JT^u '" ''"P' °^ '""'' "'' '" ^'''"O"^ thicknesses and quad high to separate lines of type. The thickness usually used is 2 pomt, formerly called •• six-to-Pica." Lean — Close and solid matter. Lean TypE—Light, thin-faced type. Ligatures or Ix,gotypes_Two or more letters cast on the same shank, as fF, ffi, x, ce, etc. Lower CASE—Small letters accompanying caps. Also re- fers to a type case in which these letters are kept • ••! r " on copy means lower case. Lay OuT-The "dummy" plan of an ad., which shows the prmter just the style wanted. 18 POWELL'S PRACTICAL ADVERTISER. Matter — Composed type. MEASURE--In composition a term that refers to width of a column or page. The type measure, however, is not a term but an instrument for measuring an ad. "down the column. ' ' Make-up — To arrange the lines of matter or ads. into pages. Ms. OR Mss. — Manuscript. Making Ready — Preparing a form on the press for printing. Modern Roman— Roman type a trifle heavier in face than "Old Style" and stiffer looking, used chiefly by daily, weekly and monthly publications where great wear is desirable without regard to appearance. This paragraph is set in Modern Roman, and its contrast to the Caslon Old Style is marked. Mailing Card — These vary in size and are often elabo- rately printed in colors. A mailing card may be only a copy of an ad. or it may take the form of a series of chatty argu- ments set in large Old Style — from 12 to 24 point size, with illustrations, etc. Nicks — Hollows cast in the front of a type to show the compositor how to place it in his stick. Type styles differ- ing but little are cast with nicks of different size to facilitate distribution and prevent mixing. Octavo or 8vo. — Eight pages to a form. Also refers to half a sheet of book paper, 19x25, folded into eight leaves or sixteen p>ages. Other designations of book making are : iSmofor 36 pages; 2 4mo for 48 pages. Only one side of the sheet at a time is printed in fine work. Odd Page or Folio— The ist, 3d and all uneven- numbered pages. Off Its Feet — When matter does not stand upright, it shows half of the letters only, the other half of the face not printing. Old Style Roman — Thus named because type of this character is modeled after ideas and styles originated by the old masters of printing hundreds of years ago. Of course, the present letters are vastly more perfect in contour and symmetry than was possible in the days of Caxton, Caslon, Schoeffer and other early founders. No study of type anatomy is complete without noting the graceful tapering of Old Stvle Roman in comparison with Modern Roman, Open Matter — Type widely leaded or containing numerous break-lines. Out — An omission marked in a proof. Objectionable Copy — An ad. that comes under a class refused by certain publications ; viz., a beer ad. intended for the Ladies' Home Journal. Pi — Type mixed up promiscuously. Point System — The new system of units based on 72 points to the inch. Preferred Position — Special location of ads. where more readers are likely to see them. This location may be next to reading, a certain cover or other page. By " full position" is understood *«top of column, next to pure reading matter." Plates — Refers to process engravings, electrotypes and •tcreotypes for printing. See "Plate Matter." Patent Insides and Outsides — Refers to partly printed newspapers. Numerous companies in Boston, New York, Chicago, and other great cities furnish hundreds of small country publishers with any standard size of newspaper from a five-column folio (four pages) up to eight columns ; and ■Iso quarto, or eight-page papers, of from four to six columns. The plan is this: these •« co-operative " pub- lishers in their city plants set up stories, poetry and an interesting assortment of miscellaneous articles of interest, and these they make up and print on the first and fourth pages, leaving the second and third pages blank. The country publisher who receives this service sets up the local news for his two or more pages, and as soon as his weekly or month- ly stock of •• ready-print" arrives he proceeds to print his side. Country publishers pay a low rate for the service, which is really better and cheaper than is possible in print- ing "all at home." Of course, this only refers to papers of comparatively small circulation. The co-operative pub- lishers reserve a column or two for ads. which make the low rate possible. The New York Newspaper Union is one of the leading patent inside publishers. See *' Plate Matter." Plate Matter — Many publishers object to "ready- prints," owing to the fact that a large amount of advertising, etc., disarranges the make-up to some extent. Others, too, dislike the name of using "patents" and unquestionably a weekly of substantial circulation and advertising patronage can do better with ready-made plate matter as furnished by the American Press Association, New York. This com- pany sets up the matter the same as the co-operative pub- lishers, but instead of printing, it makes stereotype plates and forwards them to publishers at the rate of $1.00 per six columns of ordinary matter, each 20^ inches in length. Specially illustrated matter ranges from $1.50 to $2.00 per six columns. These plates are thin, and are to be mounted on metal bases which the Association has previously furnished to fit any column length. A saw readily cuts the plate matter to any size, as frequently the publisher wishes to run half a column of plate with the same amount of his own type. This service is very complete, and is a big saving in compo- The large quantity of matter set up affords almost sition. endless selection, and the merchant who issues a store paper should bear this in mind. If a local newspaper office does his printing, the probability is that the use of this plate matter will cost nothing after the publisher has first used it in his periodical. As a repetition of old matter is not very interesting, my advice is for the advertiser to buy new plates, especially of the comic illustrated sort. Specimen pages are sent out by the Association. Primer — A sort of small booklet designed to instruct the reader regarding the elements of superiority of a given product. Any article like a lamp chimney, camera, soap or other product that has really special points of superiority, can derive good from a properly written primer, which should be small size, say 2 ^ or 3 inches wide by 4 or 4^^ inches in depth, and of not more than eight pages set in i2-point Old Style Roman if possible. Illustrauons in out- line, a strong laid or semi-rough white paper, and a rough mustard colored cover with a brief title in type make a good combinadon. Real information in the "chatty" style should be given. The Primer calls for more facts and less "hot air," and above all brevity is the thing to strive for. Illustrations should only be used to instruct. Print Paper — The cheapest kind, and used by most daily papers. Wood pulp is the base. Quad— A low square blank type, used to indent the first line of a paragraph or fill up blank spaces. Quarto — Four pages to a form. A half sheet of book paper, 19x2;, folded into four leaves or eight pages. See Duodecimo, Folio, Octavo, i8mo. Rat — A scab printer, who is said to be "ratting" when working in a non-union office where there is a strike. Ream — Twenty quires of paper, or 480 sheets. Reams of flat paper, best grades, arc now generally put up 500 sheets to the ream. CYCLOPEDIA OF ADVERTISING AND PRINTING TECHNIQUE. 19 ' I References— Letters or characters serving to direct the reader s attention to notes at the foot of the page. Reading Matter— That which comprises the main por- tion or substance of the ad. or type matter, and being dis- tinct from the display. See "Text." Register— To cause the pages in a sheet to print pre- cisely back to back. In a book, where one page shows irrcgulariy in this respect, it is said to be " out of register " and indicates poor press work. In color work the register must be perfect. * Revised Proof— The last proof, after corrections have t>een made. Reprint CoPY—Copy which consists of printed matter. Running Tijle or Head— The title of the book or subject matter placed at the top of the pages. The left hand running title is usually the name of the book— the right hand the name of the chapter head, as may be noted in this book. Run-In— Where the compositor has made a short line and then started a new paragraph, and it is desired to com- bine into one paragraph only, the term "run-in" refers to taking as many words of the new paragraph line as are needed, and filling out the last break line. This necessi- tates the alteration of every other line in the paragraph. Set Off— Newly printed sheets piled up on the press table sometimes by their weight slightly transfer some of the print to the blank side of the adjoining sheets. This is called "set off" or "offset," and usually results from too much ink and lack of care. Fine booklet and other work often require the "slip sheeting" of common paper between every printed sheet. Standing Matter— Ads. and jobs that are to be laid aside for further printing. Shank— The metal body upon which the face of the letter is cast. Shoulder— The blank surface of the shank of a type not covered by the face of the letter. . ^ Side Heads— Display or titles, generally larger or heavier than the text matter, set at side of latter. Spaces—Low blank types used to separate words, and less than an "em " or "en " quad. , Slug— A thick lead, generally from 6 point up. Where great blank space is to be filled, large semi-hollow quads and metaj furniture arc used. S. C. — Means small caps of Roman. Solid — Unleaded type. Stet — Written on a proof, it means that the word or letter erroneously struck out shall remain— no attention to be given supposed correction. Superior Letters— Letters of small face, cast near the top of the line, *' ». etc. Stereotype— A duplicate plate of all white metal, used by daily papers mostly, where quick work is essenual. In- ferior to the electrotype and much cheaper. S. 8. & C— Book paper with a better surface than machine finished and which is " super sized and calendered." Short &— Printers call the character (&) the " short and. It IS wrong to use it save in firm and corporation names and titles. Table Work— Matter consisting partly of rules and figures and charged for at greatly increased rates over plain composition. Take— Large ads. and book matter are usually divided into several portions, so several compositors can work on it and shorten the time. Each dius gets his "take" of the copy, »>. '^"J— The reading part of an ad. See " Reading Matter." ^ u ^' /"ir:^^^*^" ^° '" advertising order, which authorizes the publisher to run an ad. "till forbid." Upper Case— Capital letters accompanying a lower case font of type. Also refers to a type case in which these Cap letters are kept. The upper case rests on a frame in front ot the compositor, and directly below it rests the lower case which accounts for the names. The lower case is lower and nearer the compositor, since not one cap letter is used to forty of the lower case. Wrong Font (marked w. f. on proof)— Means wrong style or size of letter. * White Line— A blank line of quads. See "Blank Space." A. A choice selection from the latest productions of the leading J|^ ^ American type foundries, and especially adapted to advertising In studying the use of type— especially display or job faces— it must be borne in mind that the ad. writer only aims to familiarize himself with some of the more desirable styles, and nothing could be farther from the truth than that it is necessary to be posted on all that has been manu- factured within the last fifty years. It is no sign of inferior ability to be obliged to confess that you don't know the name of any particular style or size. With these reassuring remarks, let us begin a brief study of those features really essential. Enough has already been said to settle the fact that Old Style Roman is a much cleaner and more artistic body or text type in comparison with Modern Roman, especially for advertisements and all booklet and miscellaneous printed matter. I shall only draw attention here to a few specific uses that the ad. writer ought to know. A four page circular, 8x12, looks well set either in i4p., i6p., i8p. or 2op., Caslon— using caps and lowercase, of course. And this, too, without display, save occasional head or sub-head lines. The latter can be larger sizes of Caslon, or it will be perfectly proper to employ any regular display like Winchell, Ben Franklin, etc. Avil or Cheltenham would look well. Imagine a mailing card with one or two strong dis- plays that mean something in combination with i8p. or 24p., Avil, using the larger sizes where the text is not too long. In selecting new type faces bear in mind that the more artistic a type is, the more likely it is that the smaller sizes— 6p. to 8p.— will not show up so clearly as a plain Old Style Roman. For advertisements, therefore, I prefer 6p. of the latter to Avil, but in the larger sizes, Avil has vastly more "character." 6p. Avil, however, makes a fine type in very artistic booklet work, in foot notes or as an explanatory paragraph in connection with illustrations. Its use should be limited. In the matter of display styles, it is all a question of individual preference. Observe Hearst is a sort of modified Avil ; note the cap E, H, etc., and it will be seen that the idea is practically the same. Cap C shows the greatest dissimilarity. Hearst is useful where Avil would fill too little in width, and the former has a heavier face. MacFarland is heavier than Caslon, but bears a sort of cousinship to it. These characteristics, or resemblances, will be found more or less constantly, especially among rival founders. A certain style will be brought out, and immediately catch the public fancy, and forthwith other founders will' get up about the same thing under another name. Printers, there- fore, dislike to buy much conflicting type. Compare Winchell with John Hancock for weight, although one is not a steal from the other. Look for characteristics among all the styles. In determining display these specimen pages will also be of great assistance. Counting a line of letters will get pretty near wording possibility. It will be easy also to ascertain the number of words in one or more square inches of such types as Caslon, Avil, etc., these specimens here shown being sufficiently extensive for this purpose. For Roman, either Old Style or Modern, consult table giving possible number of words per square inch for all sizes. The borders shown herewith will suggest themselves in many ways, and while one should aim to use them sparingly, yet so many chaste border effects are possible, that every ad. writer needs to study their possibilities. Note 36 point border No. 3628 around the page of Caslon. The ample white margin between type and border is particulariy efficacious. It will be of interest to compare Border No. 2407 surrounding Avil specimens with that used in certain Victor ads. The latter was my own creation — the former an imitation. < I INLAND ^ TYPE ^ FOUNDRY CASLON OLD STYLE SERIES THE CENUINt FACE-REPRODUCED BY PERMISSION OF THE CASLON LETTER FOUNDRY. LONDON Saint Louis New York Chicago Buffalo 4s 3A, 9ia.40 18-Polnt Border No. 1868-Font of 24 Inchea, »1.00 Ta-Polnt Csslon Old Styla U O. $4.86. O. »8.66 MODE Raised 8-Potnt Osslon Old Styla 48a ISA, $2.26 L. C. $1.26. C.$1.00 INLAND TYPE PLEASES the workman, the proprietor and the customer. It is seldom they are pleased in any other one thing. Standard Line Unit Set Type delights all. It satis- fies the customer and makes him come back ; it satisfies the 12-PolDt Caslon Old Btyle Saa 16A. $2.80 L. C.$ 1.46. 0.$ 1.36 ONE HUNDRED per cent per annum in dividends is what Inland type will pay you. It will enable you to do additional work without increa la-Polnt Caslon Old Style aoa lOA. $3.20 L. c. $i.eo.o. $i.eo YOU CAN'T afford to buy any other than Inland Type because of its superior labor ea SA, $e.oo 42-Polnt Caslon O. S. L. C. $2.80. C. $3 20 INDUCES Best Makes 7a 4A. $6.00 36-Polnt Caslon O. 8. L. C. $2.36, C. $2 68 TRUE LINE Better Goods 8a 4A, $4.SO so- Point Caslon C. B. L. O. $2.30 C. $2 CO SURE MONEY Inland Products 12a eA, $3.60 94-Point Caslon O. 8. L- C. $1.90, C. $1 80 REDUCES LABOR Standard Line Type 6-Polnt Caslon Old Style eOa22A. $2.00 L. C. $1.15, C. $0.86 IF YOU USE INLAND TYPE YOU will please your customer better than if you use the other kind — hence, more trade. If you use Inland type you will keep your composition expenses con- siderably lower than if you use the other kind— hence, ereater profits. If you use Inland type you will please your compf. lO-Polnt Caslon Old Style 44a leA. $2.60 L. C. $1.4U, C. $1.10 TIME-SAVING TYPE All that the name implies. Often it amounts to fifty per cent. The Inland's representatives are at all times pleased to demon- strate. A trial convinces 14-Polnt Caslon Old Styla 2aa 14A, $3.00 L. C. $1.60, C. $1.60 NO ONE WHO has not kept track of the time saved by using Inland type in time-table tariff and all kinds of folder work, etc laaSA, $3.ao ao-Polnt Caalon O. B. L. O. $1.70. C. $l.eO 20a 9A. $3.20 18-Polnt Caslon O. 8. L. C. $1.70, C. $1.60 SIMPLE TYPE FACES UP-TO-DATE PRINTERS Conducive of Highest Art Inland's Standard Line Type S* SA. $8.00 64-Point Caslon Old Style I<. O. $8.70. C. $6.ao BOUND Extracts SI TT TXTT AXTr^ Saint Louis AA Z TYPE CASLON OLD STYLE SERIES -^^nir JJ A6 FOUN D R Y the genuine FACE-REP«0DUCED lY fE«MIMION OF THE CASLON LETTER FOUNDRY. LONDON Buffalo (W IS-Polnt Border No. 43— Font ot Inches, 40o ' Ancient The only other particulars regarding the ^ , , J use of movable type by the Chinese (apart MetnodS f^^^ those now being made from molds) Retained are taken from a letter sent to the North China Daily News by Rev. A. Elwin of the church missionary society, wherein he gives an account of a visit paid to an old Chinese printing establishment, in a place called Wangdofang, in the Chuki district, about sixty miles directly south of Hangchow. The printing was being temporarily carried on in the large ancestral temple wnich is connected with the village. In the large central hall of the temple were placed about twenty ordinary tables. On the tables the cases of type were spread out very much after the home methods, but, of course, taking up much more room. When Mr. Elwin [U-Point] THE inside of this block was hollowed out to a depth of say one-quar- ter inch, and this depression was still farther hollowed out into erooves three-quarters inch deep. The block which Mr. Elwin saw had twenty- nine of these grooves, each groove being filled to the depth of about one-quarter inch with ordinary thick clay. With his copy before him, armed with a small pair of iron pinchers, the man began his work, character after charac- ter being transferred from the case and firmly pressed [12-PoinlJ \ LL was now ready for the printer. /"A He, having received the form, carefully brushed the ink over the type. He then took a sheet of paper, laid it on the job and pressed it down all over so that it might be brought in contact with every charac- ter. He then removed the sheet and examined each character; some were not quite straight and these were care- fully adjusted with the pinchers. So far as Mr. Elwin could see, the type was never touched with the fingers. After sufficient copies had been struck of!, the type was distributed, each character being returned to its par- ticular box. The type in the form was of three sizes, but, instead of being adjusted by spaces, each charac- ter was kept in position entirely by the clay upon which it stood. The characters were square, and made of llO-Point] 80-Polnt Border Mo. seaS-Font of IB iacbea, $1.00 22 4< 4 ^ 4- 4 4- ^^ ^ ^.^ 4> -f 4» -I* -!< -f 4> 'f 4- -f 4 4. -f 4. 4. 4. ** INLAND c • T JL 4. TYPE AVIL SERIES Ne-JvtT t 4, FOUNDRY 0R,G,N*t Cfcicafo T* •» Buffalo f,f^ 4'4'4'4'4'4'4'4'444'4>4'4.4.4>4>4.4'4-*.*4,4,4;i, 18-PolntBorderNo. 1846-Fontofa4uioheB.»1.0o" "" * '* * * » 3f 4a 3A, $9.26 _ eO-Polnt AvU ^ ^ RECORD Break L. O. S3.36, C. tS-QO er 42a 20A, $2.60 lO-Point AtII L. O. $1.30. C. »1.20 9a 6A, $6.00 Se-Polnt Avll L. C. (2.35, C. S2.6S THE WIDE-AWAKE ADVERTIS- ing man is becoming more and more con- vmced fliat a distinctive style of display lefter is as essential to flie effectiveness of his advertising as is a distinctive style for its headings to a newspaper. Quite a num- ber of large firms follow fliis plan; ofliers are gefting in line. The idea is a good one. Anyfliing which adds to flie aftractiveness »" material in your ottier work, aa .t .. all rejular, and you do not require apecal hgurea. .pecal leader., apecal juslifiera or apecal anytfcin* el«i Witt Inland type. B"t fl... ia no. .uch a bitf advantage a. it would ■t tr.t appear. Why? Becau«! you will never loae &e iob. It will coat 4e oflier lellow. not equipped wiO. Inland type, more 10 turn out a.e work Aan you charge die cu.tomer. and yet you make a larger profit dian Oie old way. Inland type i. adapted lor any prmting. In accuracy, durability and .tyle it baa no rival 4a 3A. $ia.a6 L.O. $1.60.0. $1.60 SMALLER SIZES OF THIS AVIL SERIES Are Adapted to Stylish Work on Laid Book Papers ^^ '«^- *=^«° "-Point AVU L. o. $1.40. O. $1.40 INCREASING DEMAND FOR VIRILE TYPE FACES Brought on file Production of flie Most Handsome Avil Se ^^^ 7a-Polnt AvU HOME Install Jeries I.. O. $4.00. O. $7.06 83 Saint Louis MM 8 'type avil series "dTor J! II FOUNDRY OWGINAt Buffafo M la-Point Border No. 44 — Font ol O Inches, 40o. ;^m?mmmrmfmr?mmmmmm??wmr??w4 Ancient The only oflier particulars regarding flie use of mov- w 1 1 able type by flie Chinese (apart from fliose now being ^letnodS ^^^^ £^^^ molds) are taken from a lefter sent to flie Ketamed Norfli China Daily News by Rev. A. Elwin of flie -^v^-WTTT-wr ^jljuj-ch missionary society, wherein he gives an ac- count of a visit paid to an old Chinese printing establishment, in a place called Wangdofand, in {he Chuki district, about sixty miles directly soulh of Hangchow. The printing was being temporardy carried on in flie large ancestral temple which is connected wifli the village. In flie large central hall ot flie temple were placed about twenty ordinary tables. On {he tables {he cases of type were spread out very much after {he home mefliods, but, of course, takmg up much more room. When Mr. Elwin entered {he hall one man was engaged in sefting up {he type, ano{her was printing. The man set- ting up {he type stood before a table upon which was what may be (a> INLAND Saint Louis "* TYPE A VIL SERIES Ne^fer FOUNDRY Tl..^. ^^"^ Chicago ORIGINAL [14-Pa;«t] THE inside of fliis block was hollowed out to a depfli of say one-quarter inch, and mis de- pression was still farther hollowed out into grooves about fliree-quar- ters inch deep. The block which Mr. Elwin saw had twenty-nine of fliese grooves, each groove being filled to die depfli of about one- quarter inch with ordinary Aick clay. Wifli his copy before him. armed wifli a small pair of iron pinchers, flie man began his work, character after character being transferred from flie case and firmly pressed into flie clay. When me form was complete a flat board was placed on top and ^e characters (12-Poail] ALL was now ready for me printer. He, having received flie form, ^ carefullv brushed Ae ink over flie type. He men took a sheet of paper, laid it on flie job and pressed it down all over so Aat it might be brought in contact wifli every character. He men removed flie sheet and examined each character; some were not quite straight and fiiese were carefully adjusted wifli flie pinchers. So far as Mr. Elwin could see. flie type was never touched wim file fingers. After sufficient copies had been struck off, the type was distributed, each character being returned to its particular box. The type in the form was of fliree sizes, but. instead of being adjusted by spaces, each character was kept in position entirely by ffie clay upon which it stood. The characters were square, and made of some hard wood. The men told Mr. Elwin fliat (10-Po.nt] ^muiummiumiuiumiaiuiuiumiuium^ 24 Point Border No. 3407— Font ot 84 laobea. 91.60 u as, ANCIENT The only oflier particu- METHODS lars regarding flie use of RETAINED movable type by ^eChi- nese (apart from those now being made from molds) are taken from a letter sent to flie Norfli China Daily News by Rev. A. Elwin of flie church missionary society, wherein he gives an account of a visit paid to an [24-Pomt] ON tiie tables flie cases of type were spread out very much after flie home mefliods, hut, of course, taking up much more room. When Mr. Elwm entered flie hall one man was engaged in setting up flie type, anoflier was printing. The man setting up flie type stood hefore a tahfe upon in setting up {he type, anoflier was printing man setting up {he type stood hefore a tahft cx^^xx which was what may he called a Chinese ''chase." It was a solid hlock of hardwood, about twenty- two inches long by fifteen inches broad and perhaps three inches deep. The inside of fliis block was hollowed out to a depfli of say one-quarter inch, and {his depression was still farflier hollowed out [18-Po.nt] # i I aoPolat Border No. a006-Font of 18 Inohes. »1.60 ^^ ^^ ^^ ^F^ jWJ 't^pe* WINCHEll SERIES 'S? JJ AA FOUNDRY PATENT PENDING B„K.lo (^(,| lea 8A. $S.a5 18-Point a4-Point Border No. 43 — Font of O inchea. OOc. L. o. $1.06. c. 9i.eo aaa laA. sa.oo 14-Potnt L. O. 91.ee. C. 91.46 THE AIM OF A GOOD A display type bearing . J . . X . .i i> the Essential Strong & Legible Advertisement is to Pro- characteristics is Here Shown duce a Lasting Impress Manufactured by the Inland la-Polnt 14A. 93.76 L. C. 91.40. O. 91.se COPY THAT HAS AN ATTRACTIVE property as its main feature has caused many an advertiser to drink a deep and bitter drautiht from the cup of disap- pointment. Attract- iveness is really Oa OA. 9S.60 34-Polnt L. o. 9i.ao: o. 91.0O WINCHELL Is the Strongest Oa 4A. 94.36 ao-Potnt U O. $3.30: O. 91.05 LETTER FOR Chaste Effects lO-Potnt SOa lOA. 93.60 L. C. 9136. O. 91.36 COPY THAT HAS AN ATTRACTIVE PROP- erty as its main feat- ure has caused many an advertiser to drink a deep and bitter drauiiht from the cup of disappointment. Attractiveness is not necessarily a virtue e-Polnt 4aa 30A. 93.00 L,. O. 91.10. O. 90.80 COPY THAT HAS AN ATTBACTIVE PBOPER. ty as its main feature has caused many an ad- vertiser to drinli a deep and bitter draught from the cup of disappoint- ment. Attractiveness is not necessarily a virtue in advertising. It de- pends. If effectiveness be combined with at- tractiveness, then the combination and the result Is sure to be a happy one. There are thousands of people In fla SA, 96.00 SOPoint L. O. 9a.46. C. 93.66 IN AD-WORK Has Didnity $4 4a SA. 97.60 48-Point L. O. 93.86. O. 94.06 SIMPLicity 4a SA. 9ia.06 OO-Polnt 8-Polnt Sfla 30A, 93.36 L. C. 91.16. C. 91. lO COPY THAT HAS AN ATTRACTIVE property as Its main feature has caused many an advertiser to drink a deep and bitter drauflht from the cup of dlsap« polntment. Attract* Iveness Is not the sole consideration In advertlslnfj. It depends, if effect- Iveness Is so com- V. C. 94.66. C. 97.60 INIMITable 4a SA. 916.78 7a-Folnt U O. 96.06, O. 98.80 PRODuction ^4.4.a^a|,4.4.^4aa|aa|.4.^a|a4.^4.4.4.^^^^^^^^^^^ T INLAND ^^mTwvw^»T^w.,^ — " CONDENSED WINCHELL SERIES t INLAND T TYPE J FOUNDRY la-Polnt Border No. 12e4-Font of 24 Inches. 91. DO ■EGISTEIED-PATENT PENDING SAINT LOnS 4? NEW YORK 4* CHICAGO «^ BITFALO J^, 13a 7A. 93.60 a4-Polnt L. C. 91.76, C. 91.75 liUWDENSED WINCHELL IS PEERLESS .., Construction of Magazine and Newspaper Ad-Work 4a BA, 9Q .ao ao-pomt j PROSPero n a. 93.76, o. 9e.o6 US 8a 6A, 94.0O 80-Polnt L. C. 92.00, C. 92.00 8-Point 60a34A. 92.26 L. C. 91.36. C. 91.00 THEBE SEEMS TO BE A DECIDED TENDENCY AMONG MAGAZINE AD- vertisers to print not only lon^ adver- tisements, but lonf-winded ones. The amoant oi matter that can be printed on a pa^e ol a standard magazine in the reading column is about 800 or 1000 words. Some of the display ads printed nowadays contain 500 words, with an illustration, catchlines. address, etc., and there are any nun- ber that run over 300 words. Lon^ magazine advertisements are justified on the theory, now accepted as an advertising truth, that people have leisure when they read ma^azinei. U O. 90.06. O. 910.76 INLAND'S TYPE PRODUCTS The Standard of the Universe 4a SA. 917.40 Good AD Typ ^t^TJ^^r'' ^^, ir°r - P- •--• O. •1.35 sea 20A. 92.60 .^zf. . . ., . e L. o. 91.30. c. 9i.ao iiicepuon nas always with perfect casting machines, perfect molds, well- 4a 8A, 913.86 ^^ ^^^^^ i^^p^^ ^^^^^ - - I" C. 94.90. O. 97.06 For BEST Work e-Polnt 66a SOA. 92.00 li. O. 91.06. O. 90.06 ?J5I!"^J?*JIST' '•'HEN SOMEONE OFFEBS YOU nPE CAST ON A SO-tULLED LINING syslem olber than STANDAID LINE fiod oul whereia 11 differs ind compire (be feces, Sltadird Line wis Ibe first ind still is tbe ■est system. Lnlike its imililors, it bis nerer keen allf red. Wberever tbe imitslioos differ it IS because tbey bave been cbao^ed to fit the faces already io tbe market. Tbese, bein^ cat OD tbe old metbod, are too small. If you want Ibe largest face wbicb caa properly be put OD Ibe body— and wbo does nol7— you must buy Standard Lioe, invented and made by tbe Inland Type Foundry. We do not object Io Ibe foundries whiib first belittled tbe laliod ini- laliai its sytems wilbonl due credit. Soae of SSa 14A, 93.00 14-PoInt I.. O. 91.00. C. 91.40 PRACTICAL DEMONSTRATIONS OF THE ECONOMY OF Inland Type Shown by the Increasing Army of Prosperous 4a 3A, 96.26 4a-Polnf i^ . ^° ^°'°* L- O. 93.40, O. 98.86 Neat HEAD Type ea 4A, 94.36 Se-Polnt r,. O. 91.06. O. 93.30 30a lOA, $3 18-Polnt L. C. 91.70. C. 91.66 Distinct & NEAT ™ ^^^ oFscBENnFicALLY rt ' t I I I I I I I I iTTTiii I I I I I T t I t I Saint Louis |(|1 BLANCHARD SERIES --- JJ r I I I I I I I T )(tt INLAND Utt FOUNDRY ORIGINAL Buffalo ! I I I I I I I IIIItllT I I I I I I I I I I I I ' • ' ' ' a4-PolDt Border No. 44— Font of a inches, 60c. 4s 3A. $8.75 48-Polnt L. C. «3.60. C. $6.2S Remnant SALE, 18a lOA. $3.00 14-Polnt L. C. $1.46. C. $1.6S PERSONAL MEMOIRS OF CAPTAIN PAUL JONES The Unconquerable Seaman of the Revolutionary War 6-Polnt SOalOA.$a.OO L.C.$1.00,C.$1.00 THIS SERIES OF TYPE HAS GAINED A Popu- larity among advertisers far beyond the most san- guine expectations of the manufacturer. It can be found in practical use in the advertising columns of every magazine and nevirspaper of prominence in the country, and stands unsurpassed as a letter of strong and legible charac- teristics. Its rugged out- lines make it peculiarly adaptable to newspaper and other ^vorh printed on a roush grade of paper. 4a SA. $18.00 8a SA. $3.60 a4-Point L. O. $1.75. C. $1.75 INLAND TYPE Most Popular 6a 3A. $6.00 Se-PolDt L. C. $2.26. C. $2.75 ORIGinate 72-Polnt 8-Polnt 28al6A.$2.25 L.C.$1.15,C.$1.10 THE. INLAND TYPE. FOUNDRY ENJOYS a most novel position in the advertising field today. We have been engaged many years in constructing an assort- ment of type calculat- ed to be of special use to advertisers, and our success is proven by the nun^erous invita- tions of our type that competitors have $35 L. O. $7.00, O. $11.00 Old TIMES 10-point 24al4A.$a.60 L.C.$1.26,C.$1.2e THE INLAND'S ASSORTMENT of type for adver- tising purposes is far in advance of that produced by any other type foundry in exist- ence and is being 4a 3A. $14.00 0a 4A. $4.30 30- Point L. O. $2.00. C. $2.30 ROSE 6 Bro. 12a 7A, $3.a0 IS-Polnt I,.0. $l.aO. O. $1.00 Expert Designers of CATALOGS $75 aO-Polnt 12-Polnt 20al4A,$2.80 L.C.$1.35.C.$1.46 BLANCHARD TYPE IS THE, ideal advertis- ing letter and is appropriate & harmonious in every class of worK which L. C. $6.76, O. $8.26 RICH Prints 28 '• f »»«f»^»« f »>< 4 »' ^^^ j ^ j | l, j^„ j^, ,|, J^ ^ j ^ j^ ^JSmt INLAND SAINT louis . jlL. T foVndry condensed BLANCHARD Zr T ao-Polnt Border No. 3091— Font of 18 inches, $1.60 40a 25A. $2.26 8-Polnt L C. $1.10. C. $1.16 32a 20A. $2.60 lO-Polat I. O $1 86 $1 06 ONE or THE ADVANTAGES OF POINT SET TYPE WHICH MUST THP KEEN COMPFTITinN WHIfH ARTATMC IK Zl ITrr. l\ ''' T'l!! '''\'T.''' ''' EVERY BRANcWthTp™ time tables and other tabular work on the one h«,d hannoniz- haS produced the Unfortunate result that the .ng with po.nt.body bras, rules and leads, and on the other per- printer, in purchasing material. tOO often looks only at the first cost when placing orders. Unfortunate, because there is as great differ* ence in the various qualities of type as in the various grades of paper, ink, or printing itself, and the cheapest mitting tight justification in narrow columns, which was heretofore an impossibility. This not only saves time in the composing room, but also in the pressroom, as it renders spaces and quads less liable to work up. As as consequence there are fewer stops to push 5a 4A. $7.26 48-Point L. C. $3.30, C. $3.96 1 8-Point iealOA,$3.20 I..C.$l.e6.C.$1.66 PRODUCT of the Inland Famous for Advertising 36-Polnt 7» 6A, $6.00 L. C. $2.40, C. $2.0O NEAT Catalog Letter CHOICE Character 4a 8 A, $13.00 72-Polnt L. C. $6.26. C. $7.76 FINE Effects 4a 3A, $g.60 eo-Polnt L. C. $3.90. C. $6.70 12-Polnt 30al8A,$2.80 L.C.$1.40,C.$1.40 ON ACCOUNT OF OUR METHODS OF making and fitting matrices, and supe- rior casting machines, we are able to guarantee the perfectness of our type in respect to its height, which the pressman appreciates MODE Bizarre 24-Polnt 12a7A.$3.80 L.C.$1.76.C.$1.76 SUPERB Typograph Products 90-Polnt aa6A, $4.30 L. C. $2.16. C. $2.16 BEARS the Close Scrutiny $348 a-Polnt t4a2eA. $2.00 L. O. $1.00, C. $1.00 WHILE IN THE LAST DECADE GREAT IMPROVE- MENTS HAVE BEEN MADE IN THE DURABILITY and accuracy ol (ype, many of (he foundries limit their competition to price alone, (be result being an interior article which is dear at any price. A lew dollars saved by purchasing type which is not ol the very best often involves a loss of many bun- dred times the amount. Numerous printers will testily that in accuracy Inland type is superior. 14-PolDt aeaieA,$3.00 L.C.$1.60.C.$1.60 WE SELL EVERY- THING THAT IS required in the printshop, includ- ing cases, stands, cabi- nets and other wood goods, furniture, leads, slugs, inks, quoins and all sorts of supplies for 29 ■I aoKsap "V^^P "VM^ 'ttrf^ "V^^T ^M^ ^^u^ ^i^p ^w^^» ^^^P ^^^^ ^^flr ^^tfP ^ftAT ^MBP ^fttfP ^l^flr ^M^ ^ftAT IfMir It^Of Saint Louis ilM BLAJVCHARD ITALIC "--/-^ Y V^^ ^^^^ "V^^ ^^^^ ^^^ "V^^r ^^^* ^^^^ V^^r ^^^^ '^M^ ^M^ YM^ ^^^p ^^^^ "VM^ ^M^ "VMf ^W^ ^M^ # INLAND TYPE ^ FOUNDRY a4-PolDt Bordar No. 24eS-Foilt of 24 Incbes. $1.00 lO- Point 9e*14A.«2.60 L.C.«1.2S.C.$l.aO yILL OUK TYPE IS CAST ON THE nebJ and improved Standard Line sys' tenit including Ital- ic, Roman, Gothic and Various other job faces, hence all faces on each body line With one another. Uhe jn- perior advantages of this system are so many that it Would be difficult to mention all of them, but among others are: ^hat it is now practicable to line any Italic 4m BM.. 910.75 6a SA. $A.0O Se-Polnt L. o. ta-ao. o. •2.80 VERsatile 4a 3A. 98.76 48-PolDt L. O. 9S.40. C. 96.86 PROofs Oa 4A. 94.aO 90 Point L. o. 92.00. o. 9a.ao -/f « TISTIC UffpeCreation Ta-I>olat 8-PolDt a8aioA.9a.a6 L.0.91. 10,0.91.16 jill ouk type is cast on the new and improved Standard Line System, including Romans, Italics, Gothics and Various other job* bing faces, therefore alt faces on each body line Vith one another. The superior advantages of this system are so many that it Would be difficult to mention all of them, but among others are: That it is noU) practice able to line any Italic or Full-face With Roman; to use heaVy job tetter, figures or any character With a different face on Ik O. 90.aO. C. 910.46 PUN Soaps Ba SA. 93.6O 34- Point L. C. 91.76, O. 91.70 laa 8A. 93.20 18- Point L. O. 91.60. O. 91.70 INDIVIDUAL ^^Jr?£r. nJ'if^^r. __ _, , Designers ana Jnakers Neat typography of Art Booi^iets $23 4«aA. 9is.ae OO-Polnt L. C. 96.10. C. 98.16 ^he 'BEST la-Polnt a4a 14A. 92.80 L C 91.36. C. 91.46 32a lOA, 92.0O 0-Polnt L. O. 91.00, O. 91.0O 18a lOA. 9S.OO 14-Polnt L. C. 91.46. C. 91.66 jiLL OUR TYPE IS CAST ON the NEW and improved Stand' ard Line System, in- eluding Romans, Italics, Various other jobbing fa ALL OUR TYPE IS CAST OS THE NEW STANVARV LINE SYSTEM. including Romans, Italics, Gothics and Various other jobbing faces, therefore all faces on each body line perfectly Gothics O ces, hence ALL OUK TYPE IS CAST ON the nets) and improved Standard Lining System, including Romans, Italics, Gothics and Various t DORSEY SERIES Saint.Louis ^flfv New York A Chicago '^' Buffalo k^ la-Polnt Border No. 1891 -Font of 24 inches, 91.26 ■ i i i I T INLAND TYPE A FOUNDRY PATENT PENDING 8a 4A. 94.26 80-Polnt L. O 92.30. C. 91.06 OaSA. $5.00 L>. C. 92.46, O. 92.66 ADVERTISER PREMIUMS Desires Legible for Standard 4a 3A, 9ia.ao so- Point L. C. 94.70, C. 97.eO PRINT Cards 16a 8A, 93.36 18-Polnt L,. O. 91.70, O. 91.66 aaa lOA, 93.00 14-Point CLEAN TYPE FACES standard line type is Beeet Clean Arl-AA/nrk a Time and Labor Saver and oegei <^iean Aa-WOrK the Most Popular Ever $ 1 35 4a 8A, 97.6O 48-Potnt L. c. 92.90, C. 94.eO NOTE DESIGNS Shown by Inland 38a 20A, 92.00 e-polnt L. O. 91.06. C. 90.96 AN APPROPRIATE LETTER FOR ART CATALOGUES AND Booklets Which Readily Commends Itself to the Contioisseur Manufactured Only by the Inland Type Foundry Saint Louis 36a I8A. 92.26 S-Polnt L. O. 91.16. C. 91. lO THE DORSEY SERIES IS NOT ONLY VALUABLE Display Type But Has Equal Merits as Body Letter It is Used by John Wanamaker, Philadelphia $9.47 4a SA, 916. eo 7a-Polnt I<. C. 96.96. C. 99.66 ENGRavers aea 14A. 92.76 la-Point L. O. 9I.40. O. 91.36 A STRONG AND SIMPLE LETTER Creates a Strong and Dignified Ad 30al6A. 92.60 lO-Polnt L. C. 91.30. 91.20 INLAND TYPE IS SUPERIOR TO ALL Others for Advertising Distinctiveness lOa 6 A, 93.60 34-Polnt »V^'V -WW^. -m-; .-». —^ 1-0.91.86.0. 91.86 THE PRODUCTS OF THE INLAND Type Foundry Superior to All Others I 81 ^^^y ^^^^ '^^v "^^cr ^^^' '^^^ ^Mf iMsr "^u^ "^usr "^i^fir ifMir ^M)r iMf '^(Mr isktt itMf ^Msr ^^flr ^ftAr Saint Louis immk BLAJSfCHARD ITALIC "-/•* 5? •w^^ ^^^^ ^^L^ '^^CT' ^-%^^ ^■%^^ ^^tf" ^MST ^^AT ^M^ ^M^ "VMSf "VM^ ^^«tf> ^MSr 'VM^ "V^V "V^^ '^M^ ^^^ # INLAND TYPE ^ FOUNDRY a4-PotDt Border No. a4g6-Font ot 24 Inches, SI. 60 lO- Point aeal4A.«2.60 L.C.tl.36.C.$l.a0 jlLL OUK TYPE IS CAST ON THE new and improved Standard Line sys" tern, including ItaU ic, Roman, Gothic and Various other job faces, hence alt faces on each body tine With one another. Ghe SU' perior advantages of this system are so many that it Woutd be difficult to mention alt of them, but among others are: Uhat it is now practicable to tine any Italic 4s 9A. $16.75 6a SA. $fi.OO Se-Polnt L. o. «a.ao. c. $a.ao VERsatile 4a SA. $8.75 48-Poiot L. O. $S.40. O. $5.36 PROofs 6a 4A. $4.30 SO Point I., c. $a.oo. c. $a.30 JlR TJSTIC UypeCreation 7a-I>otait 8-Point S8alflA.$a.a5 L.C.$1.10.0.$1.16 jtLL OUK TYPE IS CAST ON THE NEW and improved Standard Line System, including Romans, Italics, Gothics and Various other job- bing faces, therefore alt faces on each body tine tcith one another. The superior advantages of this system are so many that it Woutd be difficult to mention att of them, but among others are: That it is now practic- able to line any Italic or Full-face With Roman: to use heaVy job letter, figures or any character With a different face on L. O. $O.SO. C. $10.40 PUN Soaps Oa 5A. $3.60 a4-Polnt L. O. $1.75, O. $1.76 laa 8A. $3.aO 18-Polnt L. O. $1.50. C. $1.70 INDIVIDUAL jlLDEN & EILEIK. __ _, , Designers and J\Iakers Neat ot^pograpni; of Art 'BootOets $23 4a 3A. $13.26 SO-Polnt L. C. $5.10. C. $8.16 ^he 'BEST 12- Point L. C $1.36. C. $1.46 Saa 16A. $a.oo a4a I4A. $3.80 jlLL OUR TYPE IS CAST ON the NEW and improved Stand' ard Line System, in' eluding Romans, Italics, Gothics & Various other jobbing faces, hence e-Polnt L. o. $i.oo. O. $1.0O 18a lOA, $3.00 14-Folnt L. C. $1.46. C. $1.66 ALL OUR TYPE IS CAST ON THE NEW STANJ>ARD LINE SYSTEM, including Romans, Italics. Gothics and Various other Jobbing faces, therefore all faces on each bodtf line perfectiv ALL OUKTYPE IS CAST ON the new and improved Standard Lining System^ including Romans, Italics, Gothics and Various "f" INLAND ^^.„^„, _ Saintiouis .L 4. TYPE DORSEY SERIES '''" ^"^ I ^FOUNDRY paxJpe™,^^^^^ '^^^ ^ 18-Polnt Border No. 1881-Font of 24 Inches. $1.26 ■ i i i I I 9a 4A, $4.26 80-Polnt L. C $2.30. C. $1.96 0a3A. $5.00 L. O. $2.45, C. $2.66 ADVERTISER PREMIUMS Desires Legible for Standard 4s SA. $12.20 60Polnt Z^ O. $4.70. O. $7.60 PRINT Cards 16a 8A, $3.26 18-Polnt L. O. $1.70. C. $1.56 aaa lOA, $3.00 14-Polnt CLEAN TYPE FACES standard line type is Beeet Clean Ad-AVnrk a Time and Labor Saver and xjcgei K^man aq w orK the Most Popular Ever $ 1 35 4a SA, $7.60 48-Polnt i>. c. $a.90, c. $4.eo NOTE DESIGNS Shown by Inland 38a20A,$2.00 e-Polnt L. O. $1.06, C. $0.96 AN APPROPRIATE LETTER FOR ART CATALOGUES AND Booklets Which Readily Commends Itself to the Connoisseur Manufactured Only by the Inland Type Foundry Saint Louis 36a 18A. $2.26 8-Polnt L. C. $1.16. C. $1.10 THE DORSEY SERIES IS NOT ONLY VALUABLE Display Type But Has Equal Merits as Body Letter It is Used by John Wanamaker, Philadelphia $9.47 4a 3A. $16. eo 7aPolnt L. C. $6.96, C. $9.06 ENGRavers aea 14A, $2.76 12-Folnt L. C. $1.40. C. $1.36 A STRONG AND SIMPLE LETTER Creates a Strong and Dignified Ad 30a 16 A, $2.60 lO-Polnt L. O. $1.30. $1.20 INLAND TYPE IS SUPERIOR TO ALL Others for Advertising Distinctiveness lOa 6A. $3.60 a4-Polnt «V^-W -v-^-^ -■ ^ L.C. $1.86, C. $1.66 THE PRODUCTS OF THE INLAND Type Foundry Superior to All Others u .<^j» ^Sf ^^r ^^e ^^r stf tttf tttf tttf ttcr set IMt see Stf ^MC 3MC 3MC 3MC IMC ^iC JMC .^K JMC HiC JMC JMC INLAND TYPE FOUNDRY HEARST SERIES PATENT PENDING ^SZ x^£^ ^^-#^ ^v^^ -^A^r ^kcr "^Atfr ^Mlf tt^ iMf ^Mf )Mf IMC ^MC SM£ tttf 3Mf 3Atf iMC SMC IMC SMC IMC ^MC .ttiC .IMC Saint Louis New York ^jjik Chicago vll^ Buffalo Mk 4s 3A. 98.SO 18-Polnt Border No. 1896-Font of 24 luohes, $1.26 48-Folnt L. O. S3.60, O. $6.00 FINEST Effects a6a 16 A. $2.60 lO-Point L. C. 91.26. C. (1.26 22a 16 A. $2.80 12-Poliit L. C. •1.40, C. »1.40 INDISPENSABLE IN ART BOOKLETS STRONG AND GRACEFUL TYPE Especially AvaUable for Catalog Work Pleasing to Discriminating Patrons A letter at once Cast on Inland's both legible and e.4A.c4.ao ao^pomt l c. «2.io. o. $2.20 Standard Lining attractive to the reader fy of great advertising value to the advertiser owing to its force 4s 3A. $17.00 NEW DESIGN in Advertising 7a-Polnt System, making it a time saver for the printer and also giving a superbly clear L. O. •7.00. C. 910.00 REIS ^y Com Oa 5A. $3.50 e-Polnt S4a 20A. S2.00 L. C. 91.00. C. 91.00 SOME ADVANTAGES OF POINT-SET TYPE One of the advantages of point-set type -which must not be overlooked is its great adaptability for time- tables and other tabular work, on the one hand harmonizing with point- body brass rules and leads, and on the other permitting tight and perfect justification in narrow columns, -which -was for- merly an impossibility. This not only saves time in the 24 Point L C 91.76. C. 91.76 STRONG TYPES Attract Business cut features. They are design, as 'well as strong a value to the advertiser 4a 3 A. 913.30 00- Point 8-Polnt aoa 18A. 92.26 L. C. 91.16, C. 91 10 INLAND TYPE THE WORLD STANDARD The tyjje products of the Inland are uni- versally admitted to be the standard of the -w^orld and inimitable for their scientifically accurate and cleanly unique and original in and legible, and possess unapproached by others L. O. 96.60. C. 97.8O CHOICE Face 14a 8A. 93.20 18-Point L. C. 91.70 C. 91.6O I8a 12A. 93.00 14-Polnt L. O. 91. 60. O. 91.60 TO PLEASE THE EYE THE HEARST series has is One of the Aims of Gained an Enviable Record a fifood Ad among lead- "^ r^ , 6a 3A. 96.00 30-Polnt L C. 92.26. C. 92.76 and easily TI^PI'CT^/^T^T\71^ ^^^ advertis- gained by XDJl 1?*JD\^ JL 1 V JC ers.Marshall the use of ^.^ J A ^^^^^4-4^ ^^^^^ ^ ^^• Hearst $2 BTiCi J\TllSllC always use it 32 (^ 'Vi^J" HEARST ITALIC SERIES ^"-» JJ AA FOUNDRY i....v.o.x,n,x,„ <^Mcago W PATENT PENDINQ Buffalo AA 18-Polnt Border Ho. 42— Font of 6 Inches, 40c. 7a 4A. 96.00 86- Point BUSINESS BUILDING L.. o. 9a.40. o. 9a.so lO-PoJnt 3aal0A,92.6O L.0.91.26,0.9l.26 Hearst 12-Polnt 80al6A.92.80 L.C.9I.46.C.91.86 loUNDky''''''Z^ ^^WV€./OC. J.V^U.l/%^ ^ VERSATILE & FOUNDRY was the FORGEFUI TYPF originator of Stand- faceeminentl fU Zt f''"^ ^1'^- ^^^ ^r^' now acknowledged ted for use in magazine and '2^ J high the greatest innovation by the printer, the grade advertising, as well as for art advertising expert & the advertiser as well catalogues, brochures, booklet. Mars 4»8A. 916.00 7a-Poliit It. O. 96.60, C. 9S.SO ^RTS Best 8-Polnt 88a20A,92.a6 I..C.91.10,0.91.1S THE VALUE OF AM AD- VERTISEMENT LIES IN an ingenious combination of impressive typography and impressive copy. No one will see such an advertise- ment without reading it and no one who reads it and is interested in the use of the goods exploited will fail to be impressed by the argu- ment presented. The most attractive typographic work is attained by using Inland 4a SA. 911.86 lOa 4A. 94.30 30-Polnt L. o. 92.40, c. 91. eo MODERNIZE Your Ad-Work laa 6A, 93.60 a4-Pou>t L. C. 91.eo. C. 91.80 SHEKELS MADE With Inland Types e- Point 42aaaA,9a.oo i..o.9i.oo,c.9i.oo THE CHIEF AIM OF A TRADE JOUR\AL ADVERTISEMENT is to be impresswe. Yet. at a rule, even the best of such adver- tisements are somewhat lacking in impressiveness. The design may be exceedingk- attractive, tchile the copy fails utterly to back up the design. Or the copy may be strong, but presented in such a manner as to lose its force. It must be remembered that attract- iveness is of little value without substance ; nor are real facts im- pressive unless they are attract- ively presented. Better results are obtainable with Inland Type L. o. 94.ao, c. 97.oe "^P-^ ^^ _^ ^—^ OO-Polnt L.0.94.a0,C SHO W Qards a4a laA. 98.00 14-Polnt li, O. 91.66, O. 91.46 18a SA, 9S.aO 18-Polnt L. O. 91.70, C. 91.60 eOMPETITORS KNOW THE MARKED SFMRI ANfiF Merits of Inland Type and try to Z £^7. , '^^j**f ^-^-^^ ^ duplicate them but such attempts ^^ froaucts Of Engravers always result in ludicrous failure Possible witfl This $760 4a SA. 97.36 ^o „ . SUPERB Letters U O. 93.76. O. •44M> S3 ■ ll w^jY »ivTr\ Saint Louis ^^ MM TYPE MACFARLAND SERIES "cW.^ M UU FOUNDRY cut by permission of Genzsch4Heysh Buffalo MM (to 4A. «6.00 Se-Polnt 18-Polot Border No. 44— Font of e Inches, 40o. L. c. aa.afi, o. aa.TB iob 6a. «s.60 a4-Polnt L. O. ai.TO. C. $1.76 EDITIONS ^J^NOWLEDGE T-k. - . rx • Essential to buccessrul Rich in Design Business Ventures 6-Polnt 48aaaA.«a.OO L.C.<1.06.C.$0.96 IF YOU WILL NOTE OUR TYPE carefully you will see that no letters are loo large or too small, too light or too heavy. They are just as they should be, uailorm and accurate. 4s 3A. aie.ao 6a 4A. •7.3S 48-Polnt h. o. •a.ao. o. 64.86 IN Land 84-Point 8-Polnt 44aaoA.$a.a6 L.cai.is.oai.io THE MOST IMPORTANT feature of Inland Type is its accuracy. Accuracy of face gives style and beauty to the work and invariably pleases L. o. $0.4o. c ae.oo HANDsome 14-PoUit 18 Point a4a laA.aa.OO I,.C.«1.60.0.61.60 6a 3A. 69.00 NOTORIOUS Among Particular Advertisers 64-Polnt LEGible L. O. $3.76. O. 66.36 aOal0A.$3 ao L O $1.60.C.$1.70 HARMONY Produced With MacFarland *m aA, 613.00 7a-Polnt L. O. 64.eO. O. 68. lO Plain TYPE 14» 7A. 63.30 aO-Polnt L. O. 61.06. O. 61.66 0«4A. 64.30 80-Potnt L. o. aa.as. o. aa.oe USEFUL DESIGNS FINANCED '"Tntir ?vTr '„r "^ Modern Print $5 Inland Type Foundry lO-Polnt «- on 36aieA.«a.60 L.C.61.40.C.61.10 Oa aA. »o.oo STANDARD LINE Unit Set Type is Slogan of the Inland 1 a-PoInt 4a-Polnt L. O. $3.86, O. $8.16 83* 16A.$2.80 L.C.$1.46,0.$1.86 UNIT Set 4* SA. 60.76 0O-Polnt A NOTABLE Production Admired Wherever Used L. O. $3.60, C. $6.16 GRACE Galore 34 ON UNIVERSAL LINE NICKEL-ALLOY METAL THIRTEEN SIZES. POINT SET ^ Powell KEYSTONE TYPE FOUNDRY, PHILADELPHIA and NEW YORK 22 A 44 a 6-Point $2.00 THE MAJORITY OF PRINTERS HAVE CONCEDED MANY MERITS IN THE KEYSTONES PRODUCTS Few lack accurate information on the subject. If theae few could step into the Foundry and see the vast quantities of type and material that printers are ordering, they would soon come to the conclusion that Universal Line. Nickel-Alloy. Point Set Type is the best type made— and it is. One of the principal qualifications of good type is durability or staying power of the metal from which the type is cast 1234567890 20 A 40 a 8-Point $2.25 WITHOUT WEARING QUALITIES. FACES WILL ROUND AND BECOME VERY BOLD Nickel-Alloy has proven its value to all printers who have used it. and they state that it is the best type metal they have ever used; and substantiate the fact by their many orders for Keystone Type cast on Universal Line, a time-saver all the time 16 A 30 a 10-Point $2.50 THERE ARE NO AIR-HOLES IN NICKEL- ALLOY METAL TYPE No effort or expense was spared to make our type metal the best possible to attain, and it requires no learned sage to tell us that we have succeeded ISA 28a 12-Point $2.75 DON'T W^AIT UNTIL YOU LOSE THE BEST PATRONS Order Powell Series and you can keep them with you always, and it attracts new ones as well $ 1 23 12 A 24 a 14-Point $3.00 A TYPE THAT CATCHES THE EYE IS VALUABLE Advertisers desire type that can be easily read, this Series is adapted for Display Work 9 A 18 a 18-Point $3.25 OLD LFNE SYSTEM CAN NEVER LAST Make your Job Office pay, use Universal Line RrNKLETS, PES roNT, »1.*r) 6 A 10 a 24-Point $3.50 USEFUL JOB SERIES Attractive Results 123 5A 9a 30- Point $4.25 NEAT DESIGNS Producecl in Color 4A 7a 36-Point $5.00 FTNE PRINTS Series of Po"well 3A 6a 42-Point $6.25 BOY FIRED Hit the Mark 3A 6a 48-Poin< $7.50 RED Chiefs 3A 4a 60- Point $10.00 Sick PIG 3A 4a 72- Point $14.00 Flashed f 36 rc^ "•^3 THE CHARTER OAK SERIES OF TYPE = tl§adm in the Followina Ten Umaful SIxmm, of Nlekml-Allof, on Vnivanal Line and Point Set =^=^= BY THE KEYSTONE TYPE FOUNDRY, PHILADELPHiA AND NEW YORK 90TH CENTURr SOKDER, PkDT ONC, PER FONT, tl.iO 6-Point VCRY F£W STVLCS OF TVPC IkKE SO WCLL IkOlkPTEO TO GENERAL DISPLAY WORK AS THIS BOLD SERIES Theme Italic Lettere will attract attention in Job Work as well aa in Advertimementa, and with proper care will laet you many years am they arm aamt from our Celebrated Nickel-Alloy Typm Metal; a hard, tough metal Invented and made only by the Keymtoua Type Foundry 5123456 8-Point IN MANY JOBS BORDERS 4M0 ORNAlttElVTS ARE NECESSARY TO IMPROVE APPEARANCE Many styles of Type and Border do not look well together, due care should be exercised In the selection of material for the different Grades of Printing you desire to undertake lO-Point UNIVERSAL UNE AND POII TYPE SAVES MUCH USEFUi The time wasted cutting cai and paper would amount to valuable hours in a very shi Thin Space Cases filled wh 14-Point TYPE n/IADE ON THIi intakes the Justlficath and many styles may used in the same line SI 234567 89i 24-Point THE PRICES 6-Point. 15 A 25 a, $2.00 8-Pomt, 12 A 20 a, 2.25 10-Point, 10 A 18 a, 2.50 12-Point, 9 A 16 a. 2.80 14-Point, 7 A 12 a, 3.00 18-Point, 6 A 9 a, 3.20 24-Point. 5 A 7 a, 4.00 30- Point. 4 A 6 a. 5.30 36-Point. 3 A 5 a. 6.40 48- Point. 3 A 5 a. 10.00 Complete Serlem, 541.45 The Charter Oak figures are two- thirds set. a feature that will be found advanta- geous to printers in general. \ 12-Point ORDINAL SERIES USED THE SUES AND PRICES miy one of our Numerous Modern or Old Styles and fs of Body Type $12345 18- Point L-ALLOY lUETAL all Type, Botder iitts of our make $1234567890 24-Point FINEST GRJiDES OF PRINTING Produced from these Bold Series 30- Point OISPLA V JOB FA VORITES Best new Series Advertised 36-Point ITAUC BOLD SERIES Cover Printed in Blue & 48-Point ■ Best of PRINTS i 2j^ lOJ m I^^BI Ben. Franklin Series UNIVERSAL LINE OF NICKE L-ALLOY Twelve Sizes. Point Set I I THE KEYSTONE TYPE FOUNDRY. PHILADELPHIA and NEW YORK | ^^^ 6-POINT PRIMITIVE BORDcR, PER FONT OF ft FEET, tl.fto R 22 A 44 a 6-Point $2.00 LIKE BEN. FRANKLIN. THIS POPULAR SERIES IS WELL KNOWN AND LIKED BY ALL WHO SEE IT Can be used with desirable results on almost every Grade of Printingf and is very attractive for display work as it has a bold, clear face without appearing' clumsy, and when used in colors with the Ben. Franklin Open very neat effects are produced that will please the most skeptical eye. and is also very satisfactory to the Particular Customer who takes a Pride in his Office Stationery and other Work S1234S67890 20 A 40 a 8-Point $2.25 WHEN HIS FATHER SAW HIS READINESS IN LEARNING. HE SENT HIM TO SCHOOL He intended to educate him for the Ministery. and was accordingly placed, at the age of eight yean, at a Grammar School, where, in less than a year, he was advanced, and would have been still further promoted the coming term had he gone to school 16 A 34 a 10-Point $2.50 FRANKLIN HELPED HIS FATHER IN HIS BUSINESS MAKING SOAPS And Tallow Candles, he was employed cutting wicks, filling candle moulds and running errands, but he did not like this new job and wanted to go to Sea 15 A 28 a 12-Point $2.75 BEN. WAS APPRENTICED TO HIS ELDER BROTHER JAMES Who was a printer atid published New England Courant. the fourth Newspaper in America 123456789 12A 24a 14-Point $3.00 THE BROTHERS FAILED TO GET ALONG WELL After some time, when Ben. was Seventeen Years of age he ran away to Philadelphia 9A 16a 18-Point $3.25 FRANCE PAID HIM GREATEST HONOR Carried by the Queen's own Litter to the Sea 5A 10a 24-Point 13.50 CLEAR AND NEAT For Effective Displ&y Net Profit $123,456789 5A 8a 30-Point $4.25 SLY OLD MONK Is Taken Captive 4A 6a 36-Point $5.00 RISING TIDE O'er the Beach 3A 4a 48-Point $7.50 TRIBE IN Dress Suit 3A 4a 60-Point $11.50 NO Pink 3A 4a 72-Point $14.90 Rushed 87 •$• •f" •^ ^i(ivfr.ifyTy^ ft^'W^ ■'t^t^u^ i^-k:fd^f(^^:Mtiti't:ffJvf^ii:k^ The Cardinal Series 24A 46a « •-Point noo HE CELEBRATED Nickel- AUoy Type Metal will be found to outwear that of any other type made. In our own, as well as in foreign countries, wherever Keystone Tyi»e has been put to the test, it has always been found to retain the sharp outline of the character much longer than type cast from any other metal. It must therefore be apparent that Keystone Type possesses a two-fold virtue — strength and durability. Do you use up-to- date. Point Set type made on Universal Line of Nickel-Alloy metal? The many advantages to be derived by using this new combination will unquestionably prove to all the type-users that everything said concerning Universal Line and Point Set is positively the same as represented and now that it is becoming more popular every day, further introduction is almost unnecessary. One can readily see the old system of cutting cardboard and pai>er for justification is a thing of the past, and Point Body, Point Line and Point Set has become the standard of the day m Made of Nickel -Alloy Type Metal OB Universal Line and Point Set By the Keystone Type Foundry Philadelphia and New York • -POINT RuNNtWQ MOROCR »»0. IK, PtH rOWT or 8 rffT, fl.SO :^l^;pi^:ip^V¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥^¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥--if EIIIIBIIIISIIISIIIHIIIH I I ■ 38 ■ilA 44a 8-P(ilNT f!.25 IT IS A RARE OCCURRENCE TO FIND ANY TYPE FACE THAT IS EQUALLY OF VALUE For both Job and Book Composition — That suits either the Brochure and Catalogue or the highest class of the Office Stationery, and is especially adapted for neat work •MA 3«a U)-Pl)IXT rj..-H) SUCH SERIES IS OF GREAT VALUE And it doesn't take a practical printer very long to see the Cardinal Series in this light as it is suitable for all classes of Printing iti A :«! a li-I'iPiXT ♦•i.: THERE ARE OTHER THINGS That make this Series popular; it's made of Nickel-Alloy Metal and cast on the Universal Line System I4A 2lia 14 Point t:i.ui THE PRINTERS' FAVORITE Type for Neat and Attractive Work that pleases 1234567890 10 A 211 a |H I'diN r f:!.!-. MANY TYPE SERIES Found in Modern Shops 6 A 12a 24-PiiisT t^i.rto The County FAIR fiA 10 a lUt-PolNT »1.'. HORSE to Ride 5A 8a :t«-PMiNT $5.U) Tracks FINE 5a 8 A 42. Point K..2.5 DAN Patch 4 A 7 A 4»- Point ♦T.rio Meat PIE t; I'oi'ir HbNxiNG ao«ne'« no. ■/''< Ptn m-^T or a rfCT %< 40 m 1 ■ i ■ MM 16 A 32 a 10-Point $2.50 HAVE YOUR CASES FILLED WITH Type cast from the Celebrated Nickel- Alloy Metal, the best type made 25,687 15 A 30 a 12-Point $2.75 USE LAUREATE TYPE SERIES On Universal Line and Point Set 12 A 24 a 14- Point $3.00 NICKEL«ALLOY METAL Type will stand hard usage 9A 18a 18-Point $3.25 THEATRE REPORT Shows its Profits $753 5A 10a 24- Point $3.50 Landing BOAT 5A 9a 30-Point $4.25 TRICK Maker 3A 6a 36- Point $5.00 New IDEA 3A 5a 48-Point $7.50 HIS Belt 3A 4a 60- Point $11.20 United 3A 4a 72-Point $14.70 Metal 11-POINT nUNNING BORDER NO. *ti, PER FONT OF 4 FEET, $).40 ^r •#• 24 A 44 a 6- Point $2.00 It is not growing tike a tree In bulk, doth make man better be. Or standing long an oak. three hundred year To fall a log at last, dry, bald and tear. A lily of a day Is fairer far in May. Although it fall and die that night It was the plant and flower of light I 'Ben JonsoB' Jk The Laureate Series Made of Nickel-Alloy Type Metal on Universal Line and Point Set By the Keystone Type Foundry Philadelphia and New York 22 A 40 a 8-Point $2.25 A sweet attractive kind of grace. A full assurance given by looks. Continual comfort in a face. The lineaments of Gospel books — I trow that countenance cannot lye Whose thoughts are legible in the eye. "Spenser* t-POtNT RUMNINO BORDCH MO. t«« PCR FONT or ft FEET, ftt.&O jgigBBIgSSgigiHgiBMygggJgaglBgiaseoqtaEgii^i^^ 39 I f i . John Hancock Series of Type MADE IN THIRTEEN SIZES ON UNIVERSAL LINE, POINT SET. OF CELEBRATED NICKEL-ALLOY METAL 20A 3Sa 6-Point $2.00 PERSISTANT ADVERTISING IS SURE TO ATTAIN MOST PROFITABLE RESULTS When bold face type used Jadicionsly IB an attractively displayed advertlse- ■Mnt It Is booad to catch tlie eye of an ordinary reader and create praise and conuacnt from the observer tl2S.45C.789 18 A 32 a S-Point $2.25 THIS HANDSOME SERIES, MADE IN THIRTEEN DIFFERENT SIZES Of NIckel-AUoy Type Metal on Universal Line, a combination that guarantees usefulness as well as longevity of tlie laces ISA 30 a 10- Point $2.50 DISCARD YOUR OLD AND OBSOLETE TYPE FACES Re-Stock your plant with new and up-to-date laces tbat are dividend payers 14 A 28 a 12-Point $2.75 HARMONY OF DESIGN Is essential in iob-work as ivell as ads. along with the paper 12345678 12 A 22) 14-Point 13.00 LEADS AND SLUGS Are necessary in all print-shops; be sure you have sufficient 9 A 16 a 18-Point $3.25 NICKEL-ALLOY TYPE Stands the Impression 6A 10] 24- Point $3.50 BOLD TYPE PAYS Profits $123,456.78 5A 8a 30-Point $4.25 FISH CAUGHT Shad and Pike 4A 6a 36-Point $5.00 NEW Shade 3A 6a 42-Poiat $6.25 Road CAR 3A 5a 48-Pomt $7.50 TIE Held 3A 5a 60-Point $11.30 Earthen JUG 3 A 4 a 72-Point $13.85 OLD Match THE KEYSTONE TYPE FOUNDRY PHILADELPHIA AND NEW YORK It-POINT RUNNina lOIIDEK NO. IfS, HH rONT Or 4 F(IT, tt.4 John Hancock Extended Made In twelve sizes on Universal Line, Point Set, of NIckel-Allov Type IVfletal 7A 14a 14-Point $3.00 Nickel -A.llo>^ IVfetal 5 A 10 a 18-Point $3.25 POINT BODY A.nd Point Set 3A 6a 24-Point $3.50 SXAMDIISJG On tlie ]_.lrie 3A 5a 30-Point $4.55 Notice TS 3A 5a 36-Point $6.55 3A4a 42-Point $8.20 JVIodel 3A 4a 48-Point 3A 4a 60-Point 15 A 28 a 6-Point $2.00 AlV UP-TO-DATE EXTENDED LETTER IS «JUST THE THING Printers are looking for sucti, to complete ttieir office. The •John Hancock Extended Type Series can be used In any Uob or Ne^vspaper Ad., wherever an extended letter Is required 14 A 24 a 8-Point $2.25 A. uy ttie latest type series, and It will aid your business and Insure profits 9 A 18 a 12-Point $2.75 AND BORDERS Are mostly used to improYe ttie neat and catetiy appearance 3^9 $11.25 $17.35 Best FIT KEYSTOIME TYRE EOUIMDR =^=== Plilladelptila and NeiA^ York ^=^== 1S-P0INT nuNNINO BORDEN NO 1447. rCR FONT OF 4 FCCT, •1.40 X 41 NIAGARA SERIES Mkkd- Alloy Type Metal, Universal Line, Point Body and Point Set THE KEYSTONE TYPE FOUNDRY PHILADELPHIA : NEW YORK PRtSTO BOnOCN. PSR FONT. %I 00 6-Point MOST SUCCESSFUL FKIMTERS USE ITALIC DISPLAY LETTERS ON UmVERSAL LIHE. FOIMT SET, OF HICKEL. ALLOY METAL Many valuable hours were losi bf the old sysfem, adlusling with strips of paper or cardboard. The new system, Unirersal Line, is used by many printers and publishers tor its labor-saving and also 10-Point A LETTER FOR GENERAL USE IH\ TYPOGRAPHY, BRINGS GOOD RE Prinfers making a small investment Niagara Series, will positively accom 14-Point THE FALL COMES DOW A FEARFUL RUSH AND A of 162 feet, and after star river. Beautiful scenerie 8-Point A SUMMERNIGHT'S FESTIVAL FOR THE BENEFIT OF THE POOR WILL BE HELD AT NIAGARA FALLS PARK On this occasion the falls and the park will be decorated and the Buffalo Brass Band will play the best selections THE PRICES 6- Point, 8-Point. 10-Point. 12-Point. 14-Point, 18- Point, 24-Point, 30-Point. 36-Point. 48-Point, 60-Point. 72-Point, 28A 52a. $2.00 25A46», 2.25 22A38», 2.50 20A34a. 2.80 ISA 26a, 3.00 12A18a, 3.20 8A12a, 3.50 7A10a. 4.30 5A 9a. 5.50 5A 7a, 8.50 4 A 6 a. 12.00 4 A 5a. 14.25 Complete Series, S63.i0 12-Point CRT STORY ABOUT THE WELL NIAGARA RIVER AND FALLS ted on the northern part of the r, running down to 125^567890 18-Point f/JVG UP THE LAKE fing against the tide )s out tlie sailor and 24- Point AN ITALIC LETTER Mractive in Display 30- Point 36-Point Leading STORE I Timber FAIR 48-Point WINTER Residence 60-Point Best of PRINTS 72-Point MADE Profits 4S MODERN LINING ROMAN No. 510 8 POINT LININO ROMAN NO 610 After speech and »fter writinjf. which had been the glow growth of the Ages, the art of printing should be regarded as next in importance. It has been called the "art preservative." the "nurse and preserver of all the arts," while other expressions in similar vein have been applied to it. and surely, if it had no other claim to our gratitude it would be worthy of all honor. To preserve for posterity the records of the past, the discoveries of science, the imagination of genius, the greatest thoughts of the greatest minds, nothing could more properly claim our consideration and our re- spect. But printing has done more than this. Besides being a preserver of human thought and the record of human action . it ha.s benn an instructor and a civil- izer of the human race. While it disseminated knowl- edge more widely and more rapidly than the hand of the scribe. It was al.so more reliable and accurate, for it multiplied copies which were exactly alike, and did not sufTer from changes and errors in copying, which were only too numerous in the manu.script*. no mat- ter how conscientious and devoted the scribe might be. And he was not always overscrupulous in adher- ing to the text i/a turn oj a letter or an imerted line might hdp his doctrine or theory. The multiplication q/ printed Lowrr omie • to i. 15^ <<>>■ 8 POINT LININO ROMAN NO SIC After speecli and after writing, which ha i, I^H «mii 6 POINT POPULAR AND PROFITABLE ADVERTISEMENTS Intelligent advertisers always select the sheet which CIRCULATES among their distinctive line of customers 9 POINT ARTISTIC BIRTHDAY INVITATIONS Our designs have set the standard for the most dainty effects at reasonable prices 11 POINT HARVEST PEOPLE SHOUTING Greatest crops for many years and the prices rapidly soaring upward 8 POINT SOME REM.\RKABLE PECXXIARITIES Man is a nomad. In his natural state he is HAMPERED by the conventionalities of society 10 POINT EXHIBIT MENTAL ENDURANCE Health is the soul that animates all of the enjoyments which this life affords la POINT MODERN SCHOOL BOARDS Teaching methods changed with BETTER results in the aggregate Specimens are partly opened with t point leads After speech and after writing, which had been the slow growth of the ages, the art of printing should be regarded as next in importance. It has been called the "art preservative," the "nurse and pre- server of all the arts," while other expres- sions in similar vein have been applied to it, and surely, if it had no other claim to our gratitude it would be worthy of all honor. To preserve for posterity the re- cords of the past, the discoveries of science, the iniiigination of genius, the greatest thoughts of the greatest minds, nothing could more properly claim our consider- ation and our respect. But printing has done more than this. Besides being a Lower e*M * to i. IS enu B POINT umiio Roman no sio After speech and after writing, which had been the slow growth of the ages, the art of printing should be regarded as next in importance. It haa been called the ' 'art preservative" the ' 'nurse and preserver of all the arts," while other expressions in similar vein have been applied to it, and surely, if it had no other claim to our gratitude, it would be worthy of all honor. To preserve for posterity the records of the past, the discoveries of science, the im- agination of genius and the greatest thoughts of the greater mimls, nothing could viore properly claim our respect and Lower csae a to i, la S-S eas 10 POINT LININO ROMAN NO 510 AMERICAN TYPE FOUNDERS COMPANY. 48 I CHELTENHAM OLDSTYLE SERIES DESIGNED. CUT AND CAST ON THE AMERICAN UNE. PATENT APPUED FOR AND REGISTERED BY THE AMERICAN TYPE FOUNDERS CO. •P»*'»t 20 A $0.90 40afO.S5 *l.:.-i DESIGNATE THE UNES OF PRINTING FOR WHICH THE JENSON Oldftyle is adapted and you have named tiw cla« of work for Wluch the Chekenluin type ii available. And yet i* an enbrely difterenl letter, a* much ■o as the Jenson OldAyle is from the DeVinne 11 Point 15 A $1.15 30 a $1.10 $-i.i:. AMERICAN TYPE FOUNDERS COMPANY Leader of Fashions for Printing World Everything necessary for full equipment of printeiy '■-I'""'t 15 A $1.25 SO* $1.25 $2.50 GUTENBERG. ROYCROFT & CHAUCER Standard and classic publications are Now obtainable from this well-known company M Point 12 A $1.45 24 a $1.30 *i.T:. SEVENTH ANNUAL EXHIBITION Lovers of Art invited to attend Raphael Arties Club on Mora Street 8 I'">"1 IS A $l.tX» .•Wb$100 $2.00 THE CHELTENHAM OLDSTYLE BIDS FAIR TO RIVAL IN Popularity the juflly famous Jenson Oldilyle, the Continued use of which is simply marvelous : this is not surprising 10 Point 16 A $1.10 32 a $1.05 $2.15 READING IS MADE REAL PLEASURE IF THE Cheltenham Old^le type is used to convey Favorite author's expressions or thoughts to the mind 18 Point 10 A $1.05 18 a $1.35 $3.00 ELECTRIC JOB PRINTING Dividend Paying Types Cheltenham Old^yle Charadler 24 Point T A $1.90 12 a $1.60 $.3.50 MODERN FASHIONS New Usable Faces Fine American Quality 30 Point e A $2.50 9 a $1.75 $4.25 LEGIBLE FIGURE Plain Readable United $498 States The Cheltenham Old^yle is an excellent body type for magazines, trade papers, educational and religious periodicals, also for booklets, folders and other literature devoted to advertising. The eye is not wearied by prolonged reading of Cheltenham print, be- cause the type, though thin and compa HANDSOME RETURN Secure Investments Quickly Bring Dividends 80 Point 3 A $4.86 4 a $3.15 $8.00 STRONG MERITS Unique in Charadler 72 Point 3 A $8.40 4 a $4.10 $I0.S0 CREST HOUSE Resorts 46 CHELTENHAM ITALIC SERIES DESIGNED. CUT AND CAST AMERICAN LINE. PA TENT AND REGISTRA TION APPLIED FOR. 1 904. BY AMERICAN TYPE FOUNDERS CO. 6 Point Special Characters put up with font 20A 40m 12.00 •PROPHECIES :KADE SOME VIME JIGO IN REGARD TO THIS Letter nol only have been fuUu TiealUeJ bul Seen our MotI Sanguine Sxpedatiom haoe been Qttatly SxatJed 10 Point Special Characters put up with font 16A 32a 12.50 DESIRABLE TWENTIETH CENTURY TYPE Enhancing the Chances of the Art Preservative of Arts Be^nd Computation U Botot Special Characters put up with font 14A 28a S2.75 BEAUTIFUL HARMONIOUS LEADEN thought t^essengers Conveying the Jldoertiser' s Inducements 14 Pknnt Special Characters put up with font 12A 22a $3.25 PRINTERS BEST FURNISHER Houses Situated Everywhere American Type Founders Company 8 Point Special Characters put up with font 18A 36a 12.25 THIS FINE SERIES MAKES THE SUPERIOR PRINTING Indispensable for Modern Books or Magazines Eoually Appropriate for Either Story or Dismay Column 11 Point Special Characters put up with font 16A 30a $2.76 PRESENTED VO iSMPLOYING ^PRINTERS ^commended to Professional Craftsmen ^veryfwhere for Engaging ^erit Cheltenham Italic Special Characters JlST>SGM3^'PQu1i'GV& £1 h rj V w \f These Special CharaQers, in sizes larger than 14 Point, are fonted and priced by themselves, and only sent when ordered. In 14 Point and smaller, the\f are put up and sold with the fonts. 18 Point Special Characters SO. 75 per font lOA 16a $3.25 "PROMPT "DIVIDENDS jiND "BUSINESS PROSPERITY Used Extensively iy Successful "Discerning o^asters throughout business Circles M Point Special Characters $0.85 per font 6A 10a $8.60 DISTINCTIVE TYPOGRAPHICAL RESULTS Attract Constant Unchanging Customers so Point Special Characters $1.00 per font 5A 9a $4.25 SOMETHING 'PRINTERS T>ESIRED ^Modern jlrtislic 'Printing liesults S6 Point Special Characters $1.10 per font 6A 7a $5.25 DESIGNER FOR PUBLISHER Numbering 1234567890 40 CHELTENHAM ITALIC SERIES DESIGNED. CUT AND CAST AMERICAN LINE. PATENT AND REGISTRATION APPLIED FOR. 1904. BY AMERICAN TYPE FOUNDERS CO. 42 Point Special Characters $1.25 per font 4A 7a $6.25 HANDSOME RESER VES Being the Famous Letter Cheltenham Italic 48Ftoint Special Characters $1.60 per font 4A te $7.B0 DUMBER T>ESIRING T^rinting ^Machinery 60 Point Spadal Characters $2.00 per font 8 A 6* $10.00 MODERN FA CES Legible and Stylish T2 Point Special Characters $2.50 per font SA 4a $13.50 "PRIZE MUST ylnswer Question 47 The Roycroft Series DasisiMd. Cut an4 Cast on the American Line. Patent Applied for and Registere d by American Type Founders Company SPmnt 15AS0.90 30 a $1.10 S2.00 DiSTINCTIVE CHARACTERS PRODUCE THE CUDAN Striking Qualities of Mercantfle Printorial Worii and Should Receive tlie Greatest Consideration from Master Printers 18 Point 10 Point 12Atl.06 24 a $1.20 $2.26 GRACEFUL AND ATTRACTIVE DESIGN Elssential in Producing the Finest Magazines Receiving Many Compliments from Readers 10 A $1.16 20 a $1.36 $2.60 7 A $1.46 12 a $1.65 18.00 12 Point MODERN CHARACTERS exhibition of many publishers Handsome Beautiful Stylish Fmely Printed Books by Noted Authors 24 Point 5 A $1.75 8 a $1.50 $3.26 30 Point 4 A $1.90 7 a $1.85 $3 7S ENCHANT MAIDEN DESIRING QUICK Original Householder Printorial Fashions 12 Point 8A$3.10 6a$2.40 $SM jg Poi„t 4 A $2.60 6 a $2.26 $4.75 HOME SITE NIGHT MUSIC Right Design Earliest Season 48 Point SAtS.76 6 a $3.00 $6.75 FINER. GOWNS MADE Desirable 2 6 Charader s eOPkMnt S A $5.66 4a$3.85 $9.50 SPRING MODISTE Easter Hats Ruined The Roycroft Series Designed, Cut and Cast on the American Une. Patent Applied for and Registered by American Type Founders Company 72 Point 8 A $7.25 4 a $4.75 $12.00 PRODUCTIONS Liberal Discount 96 Point 8 A $10.00 3 a $6.00 $16.00 CHARMED North Stand 120 Point S A $13.20 3 a $7.80 $2L00 48 Merchant 48 i WAYSIDE BANDS AND BORDERS ARE PATENT AND REGISTRATION APPLIED FOR BY AMERICAN TYPE FOUNDERS CO. Wav^iht porbersi Jf umis;!) berp strong contrasJW of color, often requireb to gibe life to tfje uniformity of plain tppe; tfje tppe map be clear anb pleas;ing, pet it^ qualitp can be bastlp intensiif ieb bf tfje proper placing of contrasting color, or iti effect fjeigfjteneb by a s(pot of i)armoniou£( s(ugges(tion. 3n siupplping tf)e printer toitfj tfje besit material for probucing tfje greatest barietp of color re£(ult£f tfte^apsiibesierieggtanbsJalone anb gibe tfje mos(t usief ul asisiort^ ment eber offereb to tfje trabe. tlTfjesie Panbfl( anb Ornaments; are mabe in tppesi h^ American tlTppe Jfounbersf Co., anb for siale at eacl) of tfjeir branches; anb hv all tije s>pecial bealerss in trabe centers^ of tfje toorlb. ^enb pour orbersJ to tfje spelling place tfjat i^ neares(t to pou, in orber tfjat pou map secure tlje taviit^t s1)ipment of t\)t goobs;. 36 POINT WAYSIOC BORDCn NO. 473. 18 INCHES SLSO A WORD ABOUT WAYSIDE BORDERS AND ORNAMENTS f 480 DELROSE PLACE HARMON'S MANCHESTER. N. H. MODERN PRINTING SHOP • 44 72 ^^P ^^^^^^^ The printer who has a good assortment of the Wayside Bands and Ornaments, in connection with American Line tyjje, has the best means of producing attractive and up-to-date work. Used intelligently and with a little artistic judgment, they mark the difference between the common- place and the distinctive. There is not another collection of typographic decora- tions that can equal them for effectiveness, and are so suggestive to the compositor. ANNOUNCEMENT HVRD'S •SB *0< m- I8>- •433« ■ eo< HATS • 4ISI 75« 50 WAYSIDE BANDS AND BORDERS ARE PATENT AND REGISTRATION APPLIED FOR BY AMERICAN TYPE FOUNDERS CO. FARMING HIGHLY DEVELOPED BY THE AGRICULTURAL DEPARTMENT 48 POINT WAV8I0E BOROCR NO. 017 13 INOHE* •I.SO RELIABLE DATA FROM SOME EXPERIMENTS CONDUCTED UNDER THE PERSONAL SUPERVISION OF THE AGRICULTURE DEPT. COPYRIGHTED BY HON. NATHAN HARMON BATH, ME. KEPT IN STOCK AND FOR SALE AT ALL SALESROOMS OF THE ORIGINAL DESIGNER AND SOLE MANUFACTURER AMERICAN TYPE FOUNDERS CO. ra POINT wAvsioc BonotR no. eo4 90 inohis sa.oo 7a POINT WAYSIDE BOROER HO BIO la INCHES Sa.OO ;^2 i^^^«S g9Ii 01 73 POINT WAYSIDE BORDER NO. B34 BO INCHES SS-OO •. • Se POINT WAYSIDE BAND NO. 481. IS INCHES •3.00 BROCHURE 51 SPECIMENS or NEWSPAPE.R DORDE.RS A SHOWING or ATTRACTIVE BORDERS FOR THE NEWSPAPER AND MAGAZINE AD COLUMNS 18 POINT ART BORDER NO. 24. 60 IHCHBS. $3 00 la POIKT NrWSPAPXR BORDKR NO 78 48 INCHM. •! 60 Ll THESE BORDERS ARE CAST ON SIX POINT AND MULTIPLES THEREOF AND CAN BE PUT TOGETHER IN VERY QUICK TIME. 18 POINT ART BORDIR HO 18 60 IMCHia »» 00 Made by AMERICAN TYPE FOUNDERS COMPANY. Originator 8i (f Advertisement Construction in General Winning Principles, Laws of Contrast, Style, Sym- metry, Classes of Readers, Laying out Advertisini^, Proof Reading and Specific Talks on Cause and Effect Much has been written on the thousand-and-one points bearing on the scientific construction of advertisements, but so far as my observation has led, I have never seen the component parts properly divided and considered in sequence. Books by the score have been published— some m series— but aside from a little wholesome, well-meaning talk that may tend to set the reader to thinking, almost nothing has been accomplished in a practical sense. I say this without any desire to criticise others, but to make plain my endeavor m the preparation of this work, which is a practical condensation of material that ordinarily should make four or five volumes instead of only one, and in this " boiling down " I believe I have made it just so much easier for the average busy man to strengthen himself and gain a larger measure of skill than would otherwise be possible. Of course, the best plan includes not only a thorough digestion of this book, but also a complete course of study and practice through my correspondence instruction system. The principal reason why business men, as well as the young man or woman desinng to adopt advertising as a means of livelihood, can achieve far greater results by becoming my students, is due to the fact that I am in constant personal touch with them at every stage, thereby correctmg those misconceptions which otherwise are apt to creep in, and to the further fact that the competent expert understands what particular practice each individual requires. This book, while not a main part of the Powell System, nevertheless supplies a vast fund of necessary knowledge that does not properly belong in true correspondence instruction, and it is invaluable to the person who cannot spend time as a student, as well as for those who can. With this digression we will begin the study of principles governing successful ad. construction. To begin with, three land-marks stand out prominently — First, — Something that appeals to the reader. Second, — Saving of price. Third, — Renewed acquaintance. Investigate all successful advertisements and you will find that they embody one, if not all, of the above, and I believe they rank in importance as placed. People will buy that which profoundly impresses itself as a useful necessity, or as a luxury that will add to comfort and enjoyment. After this — and especially when competition has brought several merchants or manufacturers into the market— comes price saving. The American Republic is a nation of Yankee traders, and this spirit pervades all classes — from the experienced woman shopper to the millionaire who tries to get an " inside " figure on an automobile or yacht. Department stores in the great cities long ago found out the secret, and thousands of dealers have made money through this knowledge. Then comes the selling power of the "old familiar" announcement that keeps telling new facts and reminding you of old ones. In these appeals should be considered typographical appearance for catching the wary reader's 54 POWELL'S PRACTICAL ADVERTISER. attention, style of writing to insure a reading of the ad., followed by numerous other factors. As rapidly as possible we will consider those that are doubly worthy. What Convinces. Sincerity, either real or apparent, is always a strong card. I recall the case of an Ohio man who, several years ago, asked my opinion as to the cause of his failure. He was advertising free samples of a product, and when sending the inquirer as per request he made a special offer of ^5, representing that this was "just what it cost" and adding that it was done to "introduce" the article into that particular locality. I told him that if he must lie to at least do it in a more artistic way — tell a story that is believable ; and good solid truth is always best. If you don't get the reader's confidence and then interest him or her, you would better try some other occupation. The American people do not like to be humbugged, Barnum or anyone else to the contrary, notwithstanding. Much has been written about style in writing, and it is a fact that the ad. writer who acquires the art of saying things in a pithy, pointed way will sell the most goods. Heaviness is always to be avoided, and perhaps the explanation of a famous editor is just as applicable in the construction of an ad. as in editorial work. He said, " I try to write so the reader will be sorry that I didn't say more." Of course, he realized that the purely exhaustive effort defeats the purpose. The rule should be to practice condensadon in every possible way. Many a buyer has paid a glowing tribute to the advertiser in these words, " your ads. and literature have such a true ring that I gave you the preference." No rule can be laid down for the acquirement of this style; indeed, I may say that sincerity and enthusiasm in regard to the things you advertise, plus conscientious practice in ad. wriring, will contribute largely to the formation of a "style" that will be peculiarly your own. Don't be nervous because you fail to jump to National prominence in a month as a wonderful " style " developer. Just keep at it, and be satisfied to turn out better than average copy for some time. " Plugging away " will have its eflrect sooner or later. When you detect the ear-marks of extraordinary genius in the vast quantities of advertisements, aim to digest the main points of superiority. This book will be very beneficial in this respect. And above all remember that what convinces is, first, an apparent knowledge of facts and conditions, and second, skill in presentation. When you generalize, be as " chatty " as possible, but don't aim to be funny. Two Glasses of Readers. The great periodical-reading public is divided into two classes — those who read ads. more or less regulariy, and those who don't. As advertising grows better the latter class diminish, yet to-day it is not uncommon to hear a person say, " Oh, I never read ads. — don't take any stock in them." This is the one great reason why certain publications fail as advertising mediums — because the preponderance of their readers seldom read ads. Doubtless, the greatest ad. readers are patrons of the live local periodicals, the popular magazines. National weeklies and the country mail order monthlies. Confusion of Many Thinfis. The average reader does not care as a rule to analyze too deeply the points in an ad. He is, however, greatly interested in the eflforts of the ad. writer who does it for him. A great error is in introducing in an ad. many obscure points, each lacking in proper treatment. This fault is due mostly to attempting to crowd into a given space too many ideas. In a large department store ad. this is seldom seen, as each section is usually a complete small ad. in itself, but in general or special work a few strong points are too often sacrificed for mere flowery eflrect. Be careful to avoid confusion by introducing features and failing to make clear the points that are vital. A ADVERTISEMENT CONSTRUCTION IN GENERAL. 55 page magazine ad. set mostly in 6p. or 8p. type to admit the mention of a dozen "features" is too often a drain on the advertiser's bank balance. Those who adopt this method usually try to catalog in one ad. about everything that was ever thought of concerning the goodness of the advertised product. It's a mistake. Form and Symmetry. A careful study of those advertisements which seem to possess marked characteristics is very important. Young ad. writers will be benefited by going through the current magazines and clipping whatever ads. loom up as delightfully conspicuous. A great deal of the ad. work is along standard lines and is not worthy of scrap book distinction, but now and then a real gem will be found. A well balanced ad. is almost invariably one having few characteristics, for the reason that many features in one effort are likely to defeat the purpose. If there be a strong background with pen-lettered title or display, with or without illustration, the balance of the ad. should be plain text type. To introduce additional " features" in the latter, in shape of more type display or other unique ideas that, alone, would be catchy, is almost invariably disappointing. Striking simplicity, after all, should be the thing most eagerly sought after. Laws of Contrast in Attractinii Attention. The believer in the "psychology of advertising" has given us many fine theories for his faith, but since psychology is soul science it is difficult to properly connect it with the influence an adver- tisement exerts. One of these theories, if I remember correctly, was published a few years ago, and it was based on the superiority of the black background over the ordinary black type effect, the latter of course meaning a white ground — or blank space. Examples were produced to prove the conclusion, but the professor who oflfered the discovery had overlooked other important bearings — chiefly the laws of contrast, which always affect prominence and the possibility of anything being quickly seen. A small boy in company with several men may be the most conspicuous of the lot ; a white geranium in the center of a bed of deep red ones may force its individuality before any one of its host of gaudy mates is even noticed, and the same is true of a mass of advertisements. Let every ad. have a black ground, and a simple type and outline effect like any one of those shown from Nos. I to 19 in the Cyclopedia of Ads. in the latter part of this book, will be the center of attraction. Naturally where a magazine ad. of sufficient size can have a special design with black back- ground without crowding out the necessary text, it will attract attention much quicker than a mere type ad. with or without illustration, unless the latter is particularly chaste and has a good, promi- nent display head that alone is sufficient to arrest the casual reader's attention. Once that attention is arrested, then the text must do the rest. Don't pin your faith to black backgrounds or any single style, but strive to employ a choice adaptation of all the best things that go to make up ad. prominence and readability. Always remember that many a customer has been made because an ad. caught the hasty reader's eye, and the display or first line or two of text compelled him to read every word. I will here relate an incident connected with the publication of the booklet " New York 1 626- 1 901," which I prepared for a large realty corporation, my charge being |ioo.cx> a day for the two days' labor involved. The cover design was printed in deep green ink on a green cover a trifle lighter in shade, and it gave a very strong effect, although the background, as will be noted by reference to the department on Booklet and Catalog Writing, is white — the reverse of the " psychology " contention. This booklet was printed in Buffalo, and the morning I received the first few advance copies by mail I took them with me to a bank, and as I stood in line an elderly 56 POWELL'S PRACTICAL ADVERTISER. gentleman tapped me gently on the back and inquired: "Can you tell me where I could get one of those very attractive booklets I accidentally caught sight of over your shoulder?" He after- wards informed me that it was the best real estate argument he had ever read, and the most interesting. A New York printer who occasionally dabbles in real estate had one of these same booklets sent him, and long after making my acquaintance he acknowledged that he couldn't resist looking mside after seeing so original and effective a cover, and that the first two paragraphs of the text caused him to neglect an important rush of business until he had devoured the last page. And this is the true secret— first catch your man's attention, and have the text so absolutely free from dryness and commonplace nothings that he will be almost compelled to take in all the points. The Importance of Frequent Paragraphs. Paragraphs are "relief stations" which rest the eye and enable it to start fresh on the next reading journey. Few ad. writers appreciate or understand the importance of making a long text a series of talks, instead of having a solid mass that requires the most undivided attention to avoid losing the thread. Another argument in favor of frequent paragraphing is the fact that the casual reader often plunges right into the middle of the chatty text at the beginning of a new paragraph, and the interest thus aroused generally results in the whole ad. being carefully perused. This is impos- sible where the text is unrelieved by break line or paragraph indention. In the small classified ad., of but few lines, this breaking up of the text is wholly unnecessary, as the eye performs its task in very brief time. Purely descriptive matter, too, when short, re- quires little or no paragraphing. Relief is a potent word in good ad. writing because it makes reading a pleasure and introduces variety that holds the interest. Carrying this principle still further, we find ads. like specimens from Nos. i to i8 of the Cyclopedia, in the latter part of this book, highly interesting and easily read, because of variety in the illustrative and the conversational text, which is carried to the limit in paragraphing. In booklet writing, about three or four times as many paragraphs as are usually arranged for, would improve the interest a hundred per cent. Note in the department " Booklet and Catalog Writing," the reproduction of " New York 1626-1901;" and then compare the paragraphing feature with almost any other booklet efl^ort that you may have handy. Then glance at the text in specimen No. 9, and see how interestingly the story is told, due in no small degree to frequent paragraphs and legible type which prevent any straining effort. No matter how expert one may become, his or her work will be badly handicapped without more or less resort to paragraph relief. Indeed, no great skill is possible without it. After an ad. writer has achieved a certain degree of proficiency one of the best practices pos- sible is to find a long-strung-out text, and re-write it in the chatty, conversational style, which compels substituting snappy business statements in place of unnecessary and cumbersome word- ing. This pruning process, too, makes room for the white space. The wider the measure, the less we can paragraph, because the unique method of expression that properly goes with much paragraphing is too short for extreme width, like the introduction of a large department store, perhaps. But the ad. writer should give much study to the number of words usually written in a para- graph intended for single as well as for double columns. Then, again, remember that an i 8 point text type may produce the proper efl^ect in say a four- column measure, where 12 point would leave too much break at the end of each line. ADVERTISEMENT CONSTRUCTION IN GENERAL. 57 Without using much more space in considering the great value of frequent paragraphing, I will only add that the seeker after perfection should aim to have not more than one successive new paragraph end in a single short line. Have a paragraph of two or more full lines follow the single break line paragraph, and then the next paragraph may be another one-line break. This applies mostly to ads. larger than four or five inches single column, set in 12 point. In the latter, good results are often obtained from a quick swing, as will be seen in such retail ads. as are reproduced in the Cyclopedia, notably those of Rogers, Peet & Co. Double column ads. will not admit of this extremeness. Getting Material. Advertisers who employ ad. writers naturally have to supply the material for the copy. Certain business men erroneously suppose that in order to write to best advantage, or even at all, it is necessary for the writer to know all about a business, and that on this account the specialist not in a firm's employ is incompetent. It is true that good ad. work can only result from a knowledge of what should be written, but any expert once given the facts in the case quickly knows what should be used and what should not. A manufacturer of oil tells the ad. writer that his goods are best, will lubricate the most, etc. He has some printed matter, perhaps, and quantities of testimonials, reports of tests, and a car load of other rich material for working up. The ad. man knows nothing at all about oil, except that it is used for many things, but as he makes a study of the subject with the enthusiastic manufacturer he soon sees possibilities, and they multiply rapidly. With this ammunition he proceeds to lay out a series of ads., each taking up one or two points, perhaps, and giving in a readable style those facts that his trained mind knows will interest buyers. The expert ad. writer, in a word, knows what to do with that rich mine of " data " that the average business man doesn't know how to separate, write entertainingly about, and clothe in suit- able typographical and illustrative habiliment. The expert ad. writer is not unlike the physician — he can prescribe the proper treatment without necessarily being obliged to contract all diseases for the sake of knowing everything from the patient's standpoint. In department stores the advertising manager gets his daily material from the various depart- ment heads, who, of course, make known facts and prices. Small retail advertisers who use ad. writers handling several other customers' work, often give out the data at one time for a week's ads. — Shirts on Monday, Suits Tuesday, Shoes Wednesday, and so on. The ad. man then goes back to his office and lays out the copy along these lines and provides everything in shape of ideas for illustrations, and superintends the artist who draws them, securing plates, and in fact taking the entire work oflT the busy business man's hands. The latter may see the copy and cut ideas, and make suggestions or not as he sees fit, but he is relieved of all bother after originally telling what he wants advertised. Why Competition Stimulates Trade. While it is true that a brand new advertising proposition often returns its greatest profits while it occupies the field alone, yet it will be found that such a condition is mainly due to the transient nature of the scheme, which can only be short-lived at best. In the broad sense competitive advertising is a good thing, because of the greater amount of public education. For example, a country mail order paper that carries but one cheap watch ad. will pay that particular advertiser a smaller profit, if indeed any profit, than it would were a dozen competitors 58 POWELL'S PRACTICAL ADVERTISER. using its columns regularly. Readers may ridicule the single advertiser, who claims to sell a ^lO.OO watch for $3.95, but when a number of other dealers advertise similarly a certain legitimacy seems to obtam, and all reap their share of the profits resulting from this combined educational force. The one thmg to remember in this connection, however, is that while sensible competition is beneficial, yet a slavish copy of another man's advertising and scheme generally fails. There is hardly a business that does not require more or less constant changes or additions, and the mere copyist generally hasn't brains enough to enable him to analyze his own business, let alone that of his competitor. Local stores always do more business when a healthy advertising competition exists, and the only exception is where a dealer runs badly prepared copy that tells little or nothing, while his competitors employ those who are experts in ad. construction, and consequently secure interest — and trade. Let the advertiser think less about "ruinous competition," and more about doing better advertising. How to Answer Your Competitor. * One word answers the query as to how an advertiser can reply to a competitor without loss of dignity— DON'T. At least don't attempt any direct answer by use of a competitor's name, or by thinly veiled attacks. People buy goods and not grievances, and they are apt to think mighty little of the fellow who goes out of his way to sling mud at a competitor. There is no selling value in an abusive tirade. What the public wants is particulars concern- ing your business or product— not a free admission to the washing of dirty linen. There are, however, methods that may be employed in exploiting your goods to the detriment of inferior competition, but at best it is a game to be played with great discretipn. If you can write an ad. that will cause the other fellow to attack you, and thereby succeed in getting him into a trap that will apparently justify your making an indirect and final reply, you will achieve considerable reputation as an advertising expert, even though your efforts fail to bring new business, for it is safe to say that smartness in closing up the mouthings of a rival doesn't usually move merchandise or create a new demand. In this connection, I recall an effort of mine, dating back about fourteen years, while advertis- ing manager for one of the largest bicycle manufacturers in America. As many recall, rampant rivalry of those days brought about strained eflForts for impressing the public. Salaried riders were openly and secretly employed to make records and it was common for an advertiser to publish a list of machines that his own had defeated in some contest. Occasionally some indirect allusion in an ad. would rouse a competitor's ire, for it is human nature to resent, in a measure, misrepresentation and untruthfulness. Something of this nature crept into the local advertising of the Warwick Cycle Co., and the President of my company directed me to "go for them hard." Here was, indeed, a nice little problem. The Warwick output of the previous year had been, to say the least, unfortunate in mishap and break-down, but as I have said, direct attack was wholly out ot the question, and no allusion would have been made had these makers attended strictly to their own affairs. To make relations more strained the head of the Warwick company had several years previously been employed by my company, and when he left to go in for himself he had unfortunately incurred considerable Victor displeasure. A careful survey of the proposition ended in the following ad., which occupied generous space in the leading city dailies : ADVERTISEMENT CONSTRUCTION IN GENERAL 59 Bicycling Advice Free. Spring here, snow gone, roads getting into condition — a world of meaning to bicyclers. How are you fixed to enjoy it ? No wheel ? That's bad. You need a little money and good advice to start you right. We give the latter gratis — worth dollars if you heed it. Don't buy a bicycle because some anxious dealer or maker tells you it's the " highest grade," "the best," etc. IS IT.? That's the question. Learn something from the riders of the wheel you think of buying. Ask how they liked last year's model. Inquire how cheaply you could buy one now. Lots of 'em that never trod the earth — new '90 models — go begging at 3 50 apiece. A dead failure, weren't they ? Can makers of bad bicycles in 1890 jump to perfection in 1891, phoenix-like, at a bound, in the space of but few months ? What bosh ! Who believes it ? What reason have you to believe that the '91 models of such makers are "highest grade" when similar claims were made for what they now admit " weren't quite right " ? Was Rome built in a week ? It takes a whole season — all of that — to test the merits of a new bicycle. Rough roads, hard usage, and varying conditions tell the story. Don't buy experiments. Wait till they are tried. Speaking of the really highest grade bicycle, there's one make that carries weight in the cycling worid, one name that stands for Best, Thoroughness, Advancement, Brains, Skill, Enterprise— for all that makes one bicycle the favorite throughout America. You know the name — VICTOR. Every man, woman, and child within fifty miles of Springfield knows it. Never is the word " best " used in connection with a bicycle without they apply Victor to that best. Ten years a leader, and never sold for less than schedule price. Ridden and indorsed by thousands all over the land. Always the best. Ask Victor riders and get an art catalog. OVERMAN WHEEL CO., SPRINGFIELD BRANCH, 128 WASHINGTON STREET. It may be well to note that the Warwick product had been sold at cut prices, especially as the season waned, which was an unpardonable sin from the high grade maker's standpoint. The word "perfection," although brought in without the use of a cap P, had a deep significance, Warwick Perfection Bicycle being the 1891 name. The effect, therefore, was reasonably direct and yet personalities had been kept out. This effort quickly brought out a "reply" from the Warwick ad. room headed, "It's a Hit Bird That Flutters," and it was extremely flat and foolish. I had sprung the trap and the next day the following ad. appeared : 44 A Guilty Conscience Needs No Accuser/' Second grade bicycle makers are no rarity — the woods are full of 'em. They are generally distinguished by poor wheels, bad records, and over-sensitiveness. When riders are given advice for separating the chafl^from the wheat — poor bicycles from the good — the frightened maker cries out like the guilty schoolboy, " Please, sir, 'tain't me." "A guilty conscience needs no accuser," for it can no more withstand the light of investigation than a butterfly could endure the blows of a steam hammer. Beware of the maker who is haunted by honest words — of the one who is ever ready to "put on the coat" of disapprobation. Buy a Victor, which is made in the largest and finest bicycle plant in America devoted exclu- 60 POWELL'S PRACTICAL ADVERTISER sively to the production of high grade machines. Night and day the hum goes on, week in and week out, stoppmg only for Sundays. Have you sent for our art catalogue? SPRINGFIELD BRANCH. OVERMAN WHEEL CO., 128 WORTHINQTON STREET. It is needless to say that this permanently stopped further Warwick reply. It is also need- less to say that I would not mention this incident in this book, only for the fact that the Warwick Wheel ceased to exist years ago. • At this time, it seems to me that this sort of advertising was justified, since direct personali- ities were eliminated, and more than that, a damper was effectually put on misleading statements and inferences. The student will find considerable food for reflection in the two Victor ads. in question, especially as they have that "ring" and "swing" which do much to keep the reader interested. The first one is a pretty good argument in favor of Victor Superiority, and would not be construed as an attack on any particular make of wheel. The second ad. would have been less appreciated save for the Warwick people "putting the coat on" and "butting in." In all my experience, I have never had another opportunity in which such tactics seemed permissible, and it is a good thing that such conditions are infrequent. One source of aggravation is through the efl=brts of competitors who persistently copy your ideas, both in business and advertising. For example, I originated some two or three years ago a two-page reading ad., with an emblematical heading and other characteristic features, such as "by George H. Powell," a unique arrangement of testimonials, portraits, etc., etc. Early in 1905 a competitor began a slavish copy of this particular style, and while it of course is a public admission of my originality, yet I felt justified in incorporating in some of my ads. the following as a closing paragraph, which would raise in the reader's mind serious doubt as to the usefulness of a correspondence school that saw the necessity of copying the efl^orts of a competing teacher: "Look over my signed ads. and advertising methods of the past two or three years and compare with the frantic attempts of the last remaining imitators to copy my style, arrangement and expressions. The Powell System has driven about the last unworthy course to the wall." Again, no names are mentioned, and the strength of this paragraph lies in its truth about the alleged ofl="ense which the doubting reader can easily confirm. Otherwise the unsupported statement would become mere wind, and do more harm than good, probably. And finally, above all things, keep personalities entirely out of your advertising, and never make a leader of your competitor's trickiness or inferiority. Make it a sort of clincher in support of good business talk, in the wind up. Layin|{ Out the Ad. The diagram, specimen No. i, shows how the ad. writer prepares his ad. plan for the printer. This enables him to show the latter just what style and shape is desired. Of course, where an ad. consists only of a design, as commonly used in general advertising, with a blank space for the text type, no lay out is needed and it is only necessary to mark No. i in the blank of proof, and make a corresponding number on a sheet where there is plenty of room for writing. To lay out an advertisement measure oflfthe exact size with a ruler, and then fill in roughly with a pen the important display lines as shown. No need to imitate any size or style of type or ADVERTISEMENT CONSTRUCTION IN GENERAL 61 l2|o Border A 36 b Gothic Joh n Jones ^ Co. lien's Correct Dress Tor Social Tunctfons ^ Are You Ready forThe Morse Show! S 2^|o DgV. DcV 12 |o Gothic The Smartest Assortment ¥^ Specimen No. 1. border. The small body part should, if necessary, be written on a separate sheet of paper where there is plenty of room, viz., for the spaces Nos. i and 2. To know how much space you have for wording find some ad. in a paper that has about the size type you want, and then count the words you can get in a given space and write accordingly, or consult table on page 14. If you have a proof of the cut or cuts to go in an ad., paste where you want to show, or mark off the space, and the printer will understand when you hand him the cuts; but if more than one cut, mark the description for identification. Proof Reading. Specimen No. 1 shows the marks employed by proof readers in correcting errors of compo- sition, and the explanations are so clear and the applications so direct that nothing additional is needed. It may be well to state, however, that while these marks are 99 per cent, standard, yet there are variations in other systems, in unimportant detail. Any printer will understand any mark in use. 62 POWELL'S PRACTICAL ADVERTISER Proof Reader's Correction Marks, with All Necessary Explanations. The student in proof reading should practice these marks by looking over and marking proofs full of errors. Practice is the only thing that will make perfect, and if the reader can obtain extra copies of proofs from some printer it will be well worth the trouble. Students of the Powell Correspondence System of Instruction are furnished with error sheets for correction. *a/ Tropgh seveiyi differing opinions exist as to Ahe individual by w^om the art of printing was '^ first discovered; yet all authorities concur in admitting Peter Schoeffer to be the person ' ^^ ^ who invented cast metal types, having learned ^' ^ tiie art of of cutting the letters from the Gu- »:/ tenbergs/ he is also supposed to have been *# the first whoengraved on copper plates. The''/-/ ^ following testimony is preseved in the family %/ »^ by l/jo.l^Fred. I^Faustus. ^'of ^Ascheffenburg: »°nA'Peter Schoeffer. of Gemsheim. perceiving '^^^ "V his maste r Fausts design, and being himself " '^ "^/desirous ^ ^ ardently) to improve the art, found out (by the good providence of God) the method of cutting (mwM^) the characters ";«J^ in a matrix, that the letters might easily be ''/ singly castj instead of bieng cut. He pri- "^ •*1 vately cut matricesl (or the whole alphabet: ,j Faust was so pleased with the contrivan -^at he promised ^eter to give him \ug^n\y "««/ daughter Christina in marriage^Tpromise 3 /^T , w hich he soon after performed. yC ^ 1* """T^ T ~^ — ~ -y^^ «» ar tg^l but there were manv^fficulties at first *^ '" with these tetters, as^diere had been before ^ ._^ ^ith _ wooden oneX the metal bemg too soft i r^ / to support th^rce of the impression: but-^'^'^ this defecT was soon remedied, by mixing ^ with the metal which sufficit-mly 'Vi. 'O yened it/ /eYUi^ ca^ ydofn rAe^e nia/u'ce^^ ^ta Specimen Xo. 2 Explanation of the Corrections. A wrong letter in a word is noted by drawing a short perw pendicular line through it. and making another short line in the margin, behind which the right letter is placed. (See No i ) So with whole words also, a line being drawn across the wronif word and the right one written in the margin opposite. A turned letter is noted by drawing a line through it and writing the mark No. 2 in the margin. If letters or words require to be altered to make them more conspicuous, a parallel line or lines must be made underneath he word or letter,-viz. for capitals, three lines; small capi- tals, two lines; and Italic, one line; and. in the margin oppo- site the. line where the alteration occurs, Caps, Small Caps, or ital. must be written. (See No. 3.) When letters or words are set double, or are required to be taken out, a line is drawn through the superfluous word or letter and the mark No. 4 placed opposite in the margin Where the punctuation requires alteration, the correct point should be wntten in the margin. (eclinen No. 22. « 1^ i 76 POWELL'S PRACTICAL ADVERTISER. Thisfineold ColoniaJ Home with 16 rooms, two iij.-to-k at our store. The display consists of all the popu- lar styles, colors, and figures. Space is too limited to describe all, but will mention just a few. Midget Ties in all colors. Some are light body effects with beautiful shades in red and green. These come in 27, 28 and 29 inch lengths at only 25c. We also have a full line of four-in- hands to suitany desired taste, includ- ing the famous Windsor Tie. Sale price 50c. Don't miss this sale. Penn (& Bottenfield, 138 S. Main St. Bell Phone 107 Specimen No. 25. Nobody can safely say just what kind of weather— and walking— we're going to have during the next couple of weeks. Safe guess it won't be of the sum- mery kind — This is New England, you know. So long as you keep your feet dry and warm, it won't matter much. Have you seen the new Fall and Winter weights in Millord Shoes ? Same as summer price — $3. THE MILFORD SHOE SHOP, 35 Church St., New Haven, Conn. ABOVE RE-WRITTEN. No knowinsf what sort of walking weather we're going to have the next two weeks. Probably not the tropical kind— here in New England. So long as you keep your feet dry and warm, the weath- er won't matter much. We want you to see our new Mllford shoes in Fall and Win- ter weights. And Summer price rules — $3.00. Specimen No. 24. Choice Neckwear. as- Seldom such a grand sortment of Neckwear — All popular styles, colors and figures. Sample hints : Midget Ties, especially at- tractive in light body effects and beautiful shades — green and red predominating — All lengths, 25c. — easily worth 50c. Windsor Ties, the newest creation in Four-in-hands, 50c. Others get $1.00. A regular necktie carnival for all Washington. Specimen No. 26. Practical Su^destions. The beginner in retail adver- tising should study the various divisions and practice writing them. Practice faithfully and don't expect to become pro- ficient by merely making spas- modic attempts when copy must be rushed to the pub- lisher. One secret as to why stu- dents in the Powell System of Correspondence Instruction make such substantial progress is because they are given practical ad. writing to do, and my constant revision of their work keeps them working along the right lines. While this system is beyond question the best in existence, yet many business men feel that they haven't the time to devote to such wide-range practice, and consequently they must rely wholly on such help as this book affords. In such cases I recommend the reader to re-write such advertising as is in his line, and try to do so in the way I have advocated. For example, the retail shoe dealer will find that by care- fully clipping out of the vari- ous publications the host of shoe ads., good and otherwise, he will secure a collection that can be valuable as specimens for alteration. One ad. may wholly lack description and contain twice as much matter as is useful as an introductory feature. Now re-write and supply the necessary descrip- tion. Another ad. may be padded to fill a given space, and a PREPARATION OF LOCAL AND RETAIL ADVERTISING 77 THE NORTH AMERICAS. PHILA DELP HIA. FRTDAV r»8«r »•*'"*•' i THK JOHN WAWAMAKER STORE UVarfcfT toJjr: 'jiii. Store OPEN Tonight— Closed store u^i:^ ,on.g„.-..u«« TOMORROW at 7-COSED ALL DAY Christmas Monday-On TUESDAY S.30 Closing Resumed Scan Your List Again^WhatJsForgotten? C Hatv You Forgotten ' T'/^'V'QP Siill Good Slock l\J 1 i\t tuoJaw ihjn jnywhrrf ehf. \ No trash that we are trying to iiel^ rid ol by ruttinc prices. 1 No un-wanted toys thai must be got rid o! somehow-in the last rush. ^<)(fl• ye^tmrnl. . An\ dumanJ. mounled or anmoanted. may fc inipected qmttlly amiiy Irtm the holidiiy biullr in lite Etelasite Diumond Room. Fbr Selecting DIAMONDS The PIANO STORE Breaks ALL Records American i-'ub skates- a special purchase bnnus these low prices; , j status AU-ildmp ikales— II 8lup«l u.tl. SI -23 £. pair IrlHil t^ tUn 9.| I 9* 10 ' I l.ick.>-plMc4. S I ..^O • pair Irom S2.S0 . *if*s • Sv^. in NKli.l.piwwl, eirh.^ I'lV.. 5 1 .75 • pair trom t3 in ».r.. ii'S 9'.. Nav.na ikMeft. iii.k.l-rrl.trd, SI.7S • pair troni A4.7ft. ri.m«mi On Wednesday the sales were more than double those of any previous December day since its organiza- tion. This probably means thai they were lour limes greater than in any other piano sure m this city. It is a spontaneous endorsement not only ol our system, but ol the insirumenls that we represent. 1 And It IS the endorsemem ol the best class ol buyers —those whO!.e opinion is most valuable— as is proved by the lact that nearly all the insirumenls sold » ere ol the better grades. It proves also the wisdom ol our policy nl bringing the highest grade instruments within the reach c! the music- ally intelligent and ambitious, regardless ol their linan- MORE AUTOPIASOS Among the many interesting events in the whirl ol yesterday » great business was the ulc o' (i i r ,1 olu/naaiM m lifirea m.ru/i-j- each to nn independent buyer. Addi- Wional sales during the day nearly e.vhaustcd our stock, ibut this morning we received a lew more— the manulac- lurers having lavored us beyond our expectations and C, Hiiir )oil Forgotten \ iwe liar' to be able lo.lill orders lor another day. *-fc I ! This marvelous instrument seems to lascinate every- N E W PIANOS Plenty ol all styles ol Chiiicr/nc fitnoi except Oujrier I Crands. which are all gone : but we have a lew ol the new ••/n/unt • Grands m sloe k. Probably enough Campbells ji l/sis, SIO down and S6 a month. Enough Cramers al f.'.'i. Merrilh at J.'<5, and EBifrmiii at t}00 to S4iO. Toici short as usual. AKerlm Piaao-Playtrt,, we leaf nol more than enough lor one day more. | USED PIANOS ' A lew that arc unusually good, and bargains at Ihe ^ prices. Ainong them are; I slKininspi upright, urlcinally S373. now SIBO. 1 S«-tiumBlC.i">..rt !A Man.'^ THE HAT STORa |t'sacoc*d Lishion. ^*iih Minie p'^'w ple. lo fitve rr£uUf ly lo a rrri.-»in m.ia 4nr.ir to ihcmK ctiih Chrtsimas. a bne silk hat. We know a areat many people"* M/es. or exrhainge can rcadiiy be madr next week >.» k.tri S^. »(>. Kno« «^ »«. (>)v« *a'> $a St>. %9- SWr "MfArr hat l^ttt, %Min ltnr4.Sn SB ftlO^ 51;: SIS turmt'n. ttnc prR». n«rm tirint%. tlG 50 It 1175. BUI Pt*^y hs:^. %3 S3 *a4 $3 .'sO h>A««— lot ».'. lH«rkn «rf rt rmfraoll Perfumes? oueen Mary" Toilet Wat**rs and Ext rjcts- Boxed Rea4y ro pack and deliver a big Qujiniity by lomorrow evening. Uu'r'a.two tXiltlvf Ml fi'irv hu\. small »i>« Kttfin't r.n« boMlr. 3'X . !•%■• Uoiil««. SOc. i 't'^mf, rmi bom-j. 25* t<. >.' « burtl*. x^.^rt fMM'f^**' pj'liac**. 15c. 23c: botM*. S^.^Oc- (Ct-nterol Moid 'one who hears if. Price only S4R5. which is 5300 to S400 less than you ran buy anything that even approxi- mates to it elsewhere. .TM,ar.™>., ct^rxn^i .•r^it TERMS Any piano— new or used— may be paid lor in monthly n payments !rom S6 up. The evening is a good Ume lo' UMBRELLAS? select a piano — not so much noise and conlusion. We, can deliver pianos up to the last mmute-^for Chnstmas. rld in Terry robes. Dviii« his largest Amenran customer, we quite nalurally secure advani.ices m prices. S.T S.->. SO. S650. S8 SS 50 Sin. $13 SO. SIS. (Chestnut slri-ei) C. Ha\>e You Forgnileit, NECKTIES?-25c to 54 At Market street a great vanetyat 25c. Al both ends oi store a Iresh callcc. lion at SOc. At Chestnut street, the lini;U irom Ihe best makers. SI to S4. C Hair )f)u For'^otten. SOME S6.S0 and S7.50 Grades lor S3 The men's handles are buck horn. Cape horn, ivory and natural wood silver trimmr*d--all mounted on a line quality ol Levantine silk. ! For Your Wife?-Stin Time ' We'll save your minulesand let Ihe; A late shipment Irom Bellast «r*; ^oats do Ihe talking today-only say- , ...vcd only yesterday, bringing a thou- ^^^ ^^^^ ^^^^ down to Ihe 525 electric • C H.itr \ou Forcoiien \^^'^ **«^^" plain white hemstitched I 5^, ^oais the same patterns areused[ r 'handkerchiefs for women, ranging in . ._ — »-. «<..!.« ...... i.i.i« price Irom X2^/ir to 30Ci We will put them in Christmas boxes lor you. il desired, to be sent by mail. Still plrniy ot iMnd-rmbf jtdrr^ frtfth hand- krrrhl«t« lit wom*n. from 25<: 10 7S< r«h. Hand-emt>(i>t llmpany. by Ida «. M , H'onim wfto uant to tuy for men can , get: I plain whtle hemWHched liandherctiieta lor; 13-M and 3.V. I Mand-embt ordered inmala. 2Ac mnd 50c. lAiair n-»««ll I FWel'K tMltukMo < MS Vjn. ttrrtttt *••! lai^'t., t. «iann (olta*. ktv«< r Ml ao. Vrtv littM OualHr n kVKltiMii M«rni cullai.2'i &itfM-*i»*< ■•.rk-** 2 tkrtlom ar wh'i *t minh Eye Over This List : r Itvr >rar» Under Ute Flag by Winlietd * Scon Srrhley. %3. ■ Ttte Road m Twflcany. t>y Maunca Hawtai. 2 . voU ft6. Trvc Tar Batrv and Oti er fttiymea ol ifrwrle Kemut. •» Joel Char»dler Ham*. S2 ' ' —^ A ^I C* 1~\ird/' |tr«H(* O Lile and Correspondence '-i Johrt thike. Lord] tvOCKci . Still • widely \aried rhoire among mahogany work tables, wriiing desks, library and par- C Hair You FornoUeti >»al |»rkM« 72 tttrtim* ^m*. *, >•« a muoon •!■*•«•. SM .•H*ti'tt*».%mO. IVrnnl II ■ t CtvMnwt WrrMI C Have You Forgotten Silk Stockings? STEAMER ST. PAUL Just Lands! I a SPECIAL SHIPMENT It was a hard race, but the St. Paul _ got here in time— the stockings are " I 'shown lor the Ursl this morning. C Half You ForPoHctV forU-omm- o/^v i-xc mmtr- *■ ^ Pi.ei. ,..*«->(»,««......« d«.«.r»mt.w«»»-4 HUA yjv rUKfc. i M«-k...i»iiitf .oataw-., tw b»»i «»« ••«f Fresh Candy? Plenty ol every sort today and all ol it Ireshly made— rA^ tinest quality and widest jsiortmeni of t^Oc candiei in the city, boxed under your directions in pretty packages tied with colored ribbon*. The moft astoniihingty good S-pound toMct of candy ftv $i and SI.2S: same quality all through Irom the top to the ^ . vMairiAMr I S J Xerk a •Tnlr nil lAit-Cl-r bMtom. Mtkta MnlHM* Ul«»« r^fvuuK M>«e4 r«it«i«* bralaie^ tl. rui •rt'jiii 2Sr and 30r>fuaMie«. >l | M>«p«banMif>«a»4ia'i4t«<1 IriMi il 3i j Cm»dK4 hmiu **9m Pan%. a S-pouitd bo«. •I.50. ; Tke iMU^t l'kt.tfn*% mtiv*lty In* Ck'i%im»t trirt, , eir CANDY CHAINS. 4 >ard> lone, green. , «ni(a. ptnk arM] lavcndir-Sc each. iB«»ainafUt j Q^ Hair You Forgotten \ GIRLS' Siorm COATS or JACKETS? U » more than a lu. hy tui rt « hich ^r1r^B« u«. luu two daya balor* ' CPnetma*. rkirtf-'ir i^tI a«4-i^«a tm a d ara* | OMU fa' H re ia)*a'-«i4 gtttt, M t».»0 imtltmd . fnm ear awe ttart— a taw warm Mack kcratr ^kaia lor SS-were ft7 SO. 14. 16. 18 year*. tt««^0'd»ov' Ciivxnui ••rvtil I Christmas I fL Hatv You Forgotten Women's VVealheralls— Mackintoshes-SHAWLS? IN WtATHER^LLS. hve especially preny MvtF« M'li^ a^ many advance »4ea» tar spring tn \ them a« powible. ' ' Cravenetie-SI'T SIS. >20. S21 artd »35. | j MACKINTOSHtS are neaity boxed and guar- anteed a» to color and wear. S4. ft4 50. S5. | CkddrfHt maikiiria,ln, SI 83.S3.ft4 and ftS. KNITTED 5HA\\LS have aomc aurprtsaal among them lor Chn«ma» atwippert. S»lt. dainis . mar ^|rte- woven hirtda in Mack. ' while and gray. T.'Sr tr> S3. SO. { Hand-knu shoulder capra. pink, whua andj blue. ftl. crimv>n TSc. fftn(»>eiiw>' CViinui slreMl I C //fliv You Forgotten DoAvn Quilts?— PEOPLE Have Asked Us to Make These SPECIAL PATTERNS-$5 They wanted colored figures (most- ly pink and bluet on white grounds. C Hai'C You Forgotten ' backs o! plain pink and blue to match ' —so we had a quantity made up ini our own laciory. | They are excellent sateen, tilled wiih best white goose-down. 6x6 tt..5S. It is this caretui attention to the wants of our customers that has in- creased our down quitt business thiS; year lar beyond all past records. I Dumaa' Parte, by Franrla Mihoun. ftt.OO. | t Lifa and Timea ol Thomaa Jelleraon. by | |T»»oma» E Wat*on. S2 50. i I Thr Lace ftook. hy Hudaon Moore. %H. I 1 HtMorlc Oteaa ol America, by £li»abcih Mc- ICIelian. SIO. Ltle ol Thomas Hart Beni>w. by William M. | | iMetg*. S2. I I Mra. MaybrHrk'a Own S»«o. "My FIRa«r», | Loai Veara.' ftl.20. A CWIrctive SaMar Claua. by Ja m aa Rilev. SI. [ The Battad n( Reading r.n«l. toy C. 3 3. SI. in Love « Garden, b* Jnh»» C*Htl CUy.ft2.20 I The CVhedraU nl ^oolhrrn FrarKe. by Fran- I jciaMiM-un. Sl.&O. Reminiar^nce ol Peace and War. fcy Mra. Roger A- Pryor. »2. Roma Bcaia by Maud Howe S2 50. Shakeapcare's Trwn and Timea. by ^Vard. »2 50. Lenera ol John Ru»kin to Charles LImM Nm- ton. i vol*-. S4. lBa«k S|«'«. TlurieentTi Miwfl lor tables, arm-chairs, lorkers. etc. The kinds thai by their beauty a* well as their usefulness are sure to delight those to whom they are pre- sented. Among them are: • ....«t«rit nl rtiflpi o«k «(-v r>i I )bM t*^*w». S tw»ifa'm»»«n« mt* la(|e Bwt»*a* ara»«« M *•. fHIM-T* uo ■« » I ■ S aMHNM •• ■*■■<■ «•«». f»a*i«ea"» *»«• •• riir«i. ia-« »« :;o n aeft. I*. lwl(«e ■e'"'* «*■! m sr««n i itn. W iO fThwe lw«) For men — %2 T5 piafh and .rt-.. r* ratten l*r«aiHj aeivMf 4A>»;« J »«•«) J' Women'i "5c stockings for SOc— j | Prrtty black hale unh dainty clocks Ol Mlk | embroidery. Bf>xe« lor the asking. I j tClwttimaiboMh A'tadal I DRESS PATTERNS? j Scarcely a moment to wait— pick out the pattern you like best and it ia ; there, done up in a box and the right number o( yards. i fO yards nf g.ngham, $t. iOy^rdt at tftf ff'eaU tn tffing pmnt*»t,iUS. I 10 ym*4t ff trertMtkrt. f ' H. . Wota ditli p^tfrrat. l^SO fo $6. I II you hunt through the store you cant bnd anything more useful. I C Hair You Forgotten A Framed Picture? 11 it'a tuat a imie ChnHmaa tememhrance you want lo arrtd there a a table In Ihr water- color room Itlled wnh pKTurea ol arkgela. Madon- naa and acripiutal aubtect*. in gih metal and gun-metal Iramra. 75c to S4.23. 1 I In an adioinii\g room are carbon phota«rapha of sreal mtfitKiana. poet*, and copies ol the "Old , MaMera." in oak Irame*. 10xl2 Inchea. lor SOc, al»o great compoaer*. wHh a few bar* ol thair ' l>ew krtown muktc. in oak liames. SxlO lo.. 3Sc.j A iKtie larger, but not too large to carry with; I you if you wiah. Cibaon pttrturea. printed on r*ce ' , paper and Itemed in oak. S2 50. [ Chriaiy 'a colored prinu inoak liamcs.Sl.50. i I Underwood'a colored prints, in oak. SI .50. I Pyro-etched and colored ptacque*. SI-SO arad S2.ft0. (Third Door. Market atreetl C Hafc You Forgotten The Automobile I^Wner . citv* him anmechmg lor ht« aulomobtir- a KK o| to<>ls. an ammeter, a apect^- cmeiet or some other arreaaorv. Thai hundreds of such gillm ate being bt ay*» m ab> l ei» lirat floor. Markai aireM. I (TKir. iKwi Tl«il...ll> Mr.mi | I I C, Have You Forgotten Eiderdown WRAPPERS? C Have You Forgotten A Table-Cover SCARF or MAT? The mats were nuu!e last sununvr , at odd times, and on that account area Q. Haiv You Forgotten^ third less m pnce. Boys' Clothing? | FIVE SMALL ODD LOTS Veo' little pnces— some reduced T»bU matt, rtKMtd oftet. ot rKh green and re4 valour, with burtH ;eaUMr applied decoration t^ .n aiaf*irt*<. SOc l« tn e>— m ii i %Z I* ia>n ai*nw«*i II La'a*' ■a**«»** tit TaMt ». >^rti ai varona valout. averaging i Is SILK pr SATCCN G. Hi3\t You Forgotten, Petticoats? ' ftMK s>r>«« texna w> >au • Ml e ear le S«e» Mw L'ltw F i>-li, U tm 117.30 1 ••••• i*t«i a lake* aetofai ' C Have You Forgotten i;roT;o^V Neckfixings? Snt or 7St will buy the dairuiaa son ol HUM I beaded stork* with open lace labs. The maktr'a I wiAd-up. or prices would never be an small for tOt and lit Ihe last ol Ihe 2Sc embroid- ered top rollers and pleated collar and cuM sets. iSem* patlcaly Ircsh— some m need ol presatr>4. %3.7$~rtflmrly IS mnd IS iO Made ol plal rippM aidardown. tnmmed wKh band* ol satin. ibecMia nc«>. titai csHerri ) hall, some more. Pertjapi iusi the suit or garmenl you are looking lor lo supply a lasi-tiour (ill. j «T ■■ \/ r. is Mil./ inil*. JJ SO-ol WW S«-50 tort wfcjdi %i. Have You Forgotten wihav.tmn niiintasiM. { Something fora Horsemanj , „.;;.:::rrr,.«''^' •*•"" "■ " ' or Horsewoman? ; 1 -» dom»u-brtMr4 tmiu. «- worth sr soarM' Crepi and a^irt-matty akchisiv* aptMnii , Sa.50. | «Mi,henchesiwofkmansh.p. M « '••n- Snrtolk ta-r.. w-wtth straight mn* - I bloomer irouscra— worth SO SO arwj ST SO. K> pair *4d 'rvateri. JSr -ware B5c— «ll wool, ' pUk s«wc«. iCnueaot. Market su««U ) 1 ■f»pt. SI 2StoS20 iiratght and laiA mrkipi. 75c to S2S. ijatrd Oeee, Waal d pNraliarw* W .1^ Arab.«n ••» •»«*.«•• •! TS «• t2 "ft W .>*• tntint l>Mt>*' evr«'*t«*f«t.ar« »l 50 S\l t »•>*!. SI TSMiSASO 2*3 kataaiMtn ■«•**(* pi aw ea t S3 TS*i>ie SO Jute velour. in lloral and Oriarual destgna* 1 vardsaHftM S3 TS It vara* Musr* M 2 r«>e« aato'* SH Verofva velour. tor attinc-roofli — I yare aavere SI ) ' >•'«• aawais. fC Leather lor hall or 4en— P\*Hi «kinB. f**«**4. S3 I SI lS4.M». Oe >. »aa iW ai, fas i— law Specimen Page Advertisement Showing the Inland Type Foundry's Dorsey Series Used for Text and Display in Combination with MacFarland Italic. Si)eciinen No. 27. 78 POWELL'S PRACTICAL ADVERTISER. I fMV TMKTWflPQi wt nouMfOits Mommo itak. simmt. apwi t% mm. An Entire Page of Extraordina Values-Every One a Feature ESTABLISHED lASS E NEW YORK STC ARECOPD OF FIFTY- ONE YEARS A5 INDIANA'S GREATEST STORE F»EXXIS DRY GOODS CO. teM»^ If Vm Cm>^ Indiana's Representative Sliowing of | Editorial comment Millinery ~ I»qu iMlt wr* deiiint m ipr^nt mtUinrry of th« qtulity tKst Itai niMit this ^Ifmnmtm to PDfMl«r Hsn ih*l potina ■ di«iinctiv* tan« («r «bo«* any. a^int tfcov* in rht Sum Pric#t not n*w *h« tti» halt tir worth. Suppc"** ^» com* Moiidav »m4 m«kf ■ ttlacnoA from th«>« Mtrtcttv* wi«nm««a. ■■ kM. M ita WW ■ Untrtmmec] Hats Arc Special A ^""^ lMft«« of Iftsiw hats ■• Ihaf vwy u-ile Tiunmisr ^LOwiMt mm h*t TaiwMitt* • '•WUld-tbn •>• timam camrtn Una •n«i., ,i ,_ ,„„„ „, , ,, „ „ ^^ ..^ |^ Al M J»-L«. km «,!, fMi .i dMIk. Mot «» •.".■^Sr-v ■"•" **"" "*,'"* •■'~ "* •*— • " V«.t-(», l« ««H« BM III* MMnI « MWwu** M iiilwiaii 04 Craw to mm. 4i«* immM Ann «■ iMMh vr M MtU TallW AIM g** liW Mj ri««M ta« wkM» Wibtoi Mha ■ .._ — V«M tmit Waal CaaMv Aialm BcaatUnl Black Goods -_ J!.5? ^i^ • to*M fBX'.r-j natoriaia >• f'.rt ftra ik*ra ai avarlal prtiMa fc*" ! '! ! >•»«• itoM* u •••> t«r 9*9n oaa m ka.« a fetaa» *«aa ■• (Mr nc AaoUifr Ibimv al Uils iaf WM<» ••» •< avaff «av. tar a« i ^ (Ma «■<■■> «a«a m Tim t«v i •••Ma* a •>••« «Mi .* awa w iai* ■ ' Ctt. Naw lar a Tluac Day*' Special Sale Women's Spring Suits W» pUce on ale Mondiy o»ct J.000 iprinf niiti ■■ all the bvotiie matfrub and colon, beautilully uiloKd and in every ie<|^l handioRie and denrable larmenu at tnoch leti ihin they are really wonli. Such eacelleiKr in ftyle « rarely offered at luch low pncea tMa cwly la the NMao. You »ill be wiw to leiie the aapartaaiiy. ElM MM* m»at o( fiaa ca««wl ar kavMrik hihM MMa ir nria "n t. r*'-- .— .T-^.: 110.00 ■ n il ii*«it iii»t i i»i»««ieMia»p<,> CI^SA .r*r~T'$6o.oo »^»;' Wasli Goods Assortment Cv«rT jmiraMr w»a»» •nd pritttiRa i» ti«r« t» « t}ro«4 «SMnin«lll of colors. ChooM row uMiMt •kirmuu aa^ Hh iMt 1»oai ihew^ '"T.* *•'!?""'**'' "*•'* " till — ■!■< ••Uabh bWe. xrr lliMr |ad KIky. .>iii |iu »>«dii>iit a»« 1 1 1 twl m Hiip. .my ..w nd »J< by .i aA— ••ir. iirirt OvC iiBiiia]Oiacta«iit.aenba«iWam»v. aOTidiaaaderW- tt/?^ 4e... •tla»rlH<«>jak.WckKc«tei^»MKilNK.H ZdCy MC ~ 75c wdh. myrll*. -39c HnsaM adl » JKha •!«• ca ClHiifc i«Mb«4 tpMya. In«a MnfeaOasM. Mllndclni Lwinwi liMM 3t iwfeM wid*. fifty dU i«m.da>i.inwB.aUliil ■ran Lan Hoewk n aeha aUt la latl Uaa. aa. wmn aid pay baaftna aUacia to ikiMaiiM «d lak MMk a nid . . ' . •ttt aartananl t^-**— ^ 25c Mwaal ai« tarlae tkadaa airli laal aMftialdnad mgh ■ Oarjw rt iildrt i laii.< i»< ZSfC As Uaaaval Sale NcgBgae Ribbons a Fourth to a HaU 1Mb iprrtal »ai» trf >tttBr*m ovrnnrk i» (■■■r»ai»;4 > kt'.* oapartd- ■Mf IV !«■ ta tor to a aaM** oT rHMwM to* afiisa Mut ».M»r»ar ■la tow w otomaa mm. «**»• t^ at i«aa UMa aaw n » nriw^i im Hraa Iw ti* k«M» af titoaa of i«a ««» Ml mm «mm Baiar;!** 5*5 • "'*"'".,"" S IS^-i-'"^ mJ'"'"' M*Jic MVM a«a CMWIDL amu. -."^aJIri ,MMIB MwT't'^lll-'^it^l.' Md Maunk • ««ka k iv-IW^ aUI*. r ■.urv' ''?££%.' If' ''*''■<'*' * "•* * ""'■arj'Hiai •a«MM> Ml iv«i«.«>iaa, 9*m M*Ma'na«K Kt'ivk** n*r i> Midi MM r-i^Bvo M Murk. «t>M«_ Manta. <>«-• ■■eSMa' .a^ '-air.* Sa. a M»*. 1^ .wm niiiii. um. » !«*sr. aiiMi'i M t-MM *>a« to M« ■'■'■^" t 'fca*** «. m^ Sdacl Vaiv WkHe VaMca Natv ' ' ~s **• '"^ — •">» ■— jjj > »•--•■ *■'— ••^jap www •• . . toe •— ~ rrr M« Cliiria Cabinets Somp plac« to ihow off the Uncy China ts ihv detire of every wonun— mayhap it'ia beau- tiful dinner let that k twrknJ Hmy m ■ aidi- A Qua* CahJMl b Km tfe« Omib Cot nary CT'' bMM:«aMiiMtt0fW ', r rMcM bayOM tar h ItRla M tlS «D Md from th« br «My fMm «• About tt|e Ne^v Gloves Wa ftax-af ...a mwM atoM« tUvum tototf T»» •toM'iMrM bM baM aato« . • . tor^aed- to<*<-*te 4 ato** sMbartM fba* aa. p-mmm « la. Mat aa>Mi»(to*T t-- -- !J^^JT:!SLT~ ?*'?!^ "'*• •"■•■J** ■ ■»■■« »»tB» aa^ ^rwrt f.* Fan* Mmj ^ ia«to nMlainl *«e-liMnw(v M> l iba «>>.« a.va«a«. ^„ «,, »n|a.r rri^a M^.»t„ *. >wl«4 ••ntft aM ab*h »iMr tkr.iwch hot baa>lk m4 tba rrrmb aMb"w brhm vuu an ibiw f to au caaara iaiiMt. V rtaap. |iaft>*.|«» *,«* l» r J» a aair Crna TW>.: ri*«»tom U Taara ■to«n, 'aal Ttrnth ka«- atib »M|m» i aab a>k« «Mw. « |m» at« L Iciaa* I'lrtt an wton. MiriH vaabMM a** tw««* aaaltoaal aarwitaobto mt* aivara iwto aa* bMaaaa iIm* Mr k. *aaba4 mn^ tm* UmM .aMr aad «.aa A .aMtoJ snwwtob al WtoMa? h •Mt V«m pual kbcka, • tmr. t%.m La VIda Corsets Extraordtnary Undanvcar Valaca •to*a* f.rm ■tna Hirhaitoa rtbW4 i>«4>H«ata ibM ar* tb* ■ ClWtoa ar tba *a*U* i7j» >OTm.afl>totobar* pica ag— Travelfna Accc s sotte s Hs vuti >m.i« iL«r t^ J., 1,^,, ,,p,^aw a»aaa to )«ai • fa* w wi ti * ¥*■ ••« *'*'*ii «>va( at-f •in «w htogl^ OW tnto* •ato. bb««v JMM .4 ---46-' •a« a ■»• Mt •! CT-:^Xr J fto« (■■•'•• lbha>if*. ranVF kM4 (trnm If n««W« Ifaiait. wNb ba*«r i-am-r ••raaa, MMto !• to M toefeaa Specimen No. 28. proper reconstruction will save half, and it will be discovered, undoubtedly, that ninety per cent, of this interesting collection will bear cutting down and the addition of illustrative ideas. In specimen No. 24, I have reproduced a very good shoe ad., but a careful inspection of the re-written effort, directly underneath, will show how the original may be shortened and made even PREPARATION OF RETAIL AND LOCAL ADVERTISING 79 TKM CHICAOO StWDAT TRIBtW¥i JUWE a. 1904. Mt*^. i*»** llr*M A wrciAt. ^A m^U-tllm^ t^^mm mmm fnv *•'* •• *^ r««a*i w*m—- iwm. MMkft *-r »^A»/tf tm^td m 1 **<■• •*' ^•" "•'" *" li Jierby Day millinery The new jlltce Roosevelt kat rHF tkMittt «a(/ wf/ /ksrmimf modtit cf ike /ortk fur Of^r Par- M»1Y fgcimir.-* Mtylrt art tmtre- dufe^ for tkii rrrml—^i ttmrti fmt Md»p*ati9mt cf /•■ami f^rtrmtU. n* Ahf JTiwtraf* f*»* ««-r«Vi/ l»rt, »i.-l • «v' **>* ftr m ^ fd* rt»:tfr tf fUrtf Ur»^i, ttrwmt^ tttr^. §3 tmJ U. Chic veils and neck^vear COKRECT veilf ror D«fhy Dby— Chitiiilljf lic«. chiffon ■nd 1 wide vanetv ol nets in new colon >nd dctigna calora and daaifaa. 29*. Special ibowinf o£ the new Fasso corset models Tktr^ if«^. Stmit $tr»A New effects in linen suitings NEW fancy weavet in Itnen* for thirtwaret »uit»— all the cor>Ve»t. •mirtent colon, while, onbleachrd and natural linen khades. net. voile, bourelte and cr»*h eflecl*. Firmly woven. It Iaiinder4 pcrfefily. open-me«:hed; il i* one ol ibe most popuUr summer lahrtri. at. per "yard. 15*. Pr.aM4 In.* wm» ttf*' «•••• m« a-«Kl«» •• M.n •^■-•c «*Mll* •< ^ *•* «^-. •>• X J ▼ ■«*-t ••( «^ -■>.•• B*ttn* r*l>r.K B*-f'M aai Annual sale of ribbons An offering of unparalleled values /..„ ir»e. Aax ./-.*t THE ribbon sale opens its second week wtth added at- tractmns. Frenh shipmenu hare been plated on saic —the choicest weaves* at strikingly low pno^s. Ipwal *%»—!, tw^*t»mi >•■>•> nw»» »t i«W» •• la*. *»« Mfaw ttteaw all »lh. t^cb Mhot u*w% •»>#• aX biatk. lO* Itk plars aad tan«v laHeia nbbo*, \% iikeh»«, ai 9*. 19c fcfl' n>>''<'V taffrta nbbea. tH n . arwral pattrrnt. 19*. Uc laary aat.n iafl<-ia nbbes. &H lacbra. U«-si -•av«». 29* 19c tmportad black US'U nbbo^ IM »■., aod feank. 29«. Mc naporir4 WacJi ia««U nbbM. 9 mchc*, kxh luiiaf . 30*. ftOc imTMnftl blvh iillMa nbbon. 5H mchet *>dc. ai 99* Wc !»«p» ^!^boB. latMi patietnt. weawa aad colort, ai 39*. BBt •■rluitv* ltaa«:tr aad laacjr ribboat, lart* aaaoiim^vt. ai 43*. N7««itT aatt ribboB9,7H tsclwa •las 'S ach ta.lvia. 79*. \7r. ipoot al all Mib No. 1 babv nbbon. ■:! colftr*. at 7*. Fancy leather wrist bags /•TM /are, itmH H FRENCH (Bade b«ga* bigfa colon; fancy fran-metaJ and jcwcVed frames — Derby T)ay novelties— be h» to match, new style harness buckle, at «.»0. 9. 90. 7 90. and «.Ni Ansa bafa. walma of a*al fr^n Inrlwr. ir-ib c%aiD taa4tr. 29*. Clearance sale of tailored suits Costumes for Derby Day reduced THH entire stock of co^tames and kbiu is tacladed la thii late BeautiittI creatiofts m alks. voiles, crepet. chiffon*, nctf and laces in the most popolar colors all elabocaiely tnmtned i—m^0^.tmm-mmf $25 $35 $50 $65 $75 $100 *>(« rw M/ Mm nmf, tkmt^tm #Maa« Price reductsoot ia raiti B»Srial— » r^si ta« el *«i«mi-i raaaboat a»4 ims lai«ta aaili at aaUaaf^toM? pcica n4«xinM, ma4a «f votWi. toiSM* •. a».liat«. chavtoW ■•< ««»m^ i««»»utoi naMtia:*— na«v •k tkMi aai . Ium4. worth Iroai SrS o «M. |>n(«« at 19.79 m4 IS.TS. Jto Skirt tad coat dcmnacc ■•J 'f) rs />M^ *f4wr «a^(«t^ rB*<*M« >Svn, T* aw « 'ifr r««/r. ^««y..'a/A a^ /Mary f^ri r»ait Hfi Sim Mtf »M/ rf«Mi /^ niB^r* wo**. 91 10 9* S 10 asd f 10 «>«rn €«••« al 3.99. Il^ aa^ H? •Mta al 4-79. S^k or bnll«bitM aktnvaiat »u>U. 7.30. Smart footw^ear styles for the Derby ■'HE most tomptete showing ol smart summer footwear ftw Derby Day. Mary no*. ' clttet exdosive al Vandcl's. Dluchcr. Gibson aad nbbon ttes. r*** /»•. i«» «>m K** toaSw W t^«B>aa> aiMn nMWi aai ii>t » » btawa — i »<> as w an. mnilllT Wmwas pataat l>aiS»i.p>t>M k.J aM %l'. k.4 omlaid*. R ■■« tiO ««la»a. l.*9 a»4 I.2S. Trefousse kid gloves for the Derby TpREFOUSSE bid (lovssi fault- ^ kM in fit. toft thin and pli- able, in the tTM>«t delicate shades —the perfect finish for a baadsome Derby Day costamc. T _,j- TilTr— IT jTn — --■-■" ■■•>■ TmImim iM t-Mtm. m •«• aai ». U>m*a « teM-tobda ailfe Isaa toitta, «iaoi> )««(th. I.U ta •« KarOTf «aabi« rlk asr* "•- EwTPi« ■•wfida r t*«it» rar^a. ■ tiw1aaa4. TW pn e«a an- ta wt •1 ptopnWT-a to t h. ««l»a «t iba •lib* hai l-wf •OU14 »«f.ta M* e«*«L. ] -g^ '?fH"°» lo a»BJwy i*wt» uWas -^ ao. «ataM. h»« 75 »•« """Aj '"•■"•JO ioo..:MZn W.Jk.^*'* U»»lk.**' I«..lk.~*' IMulk,"*' «S<«lk.*'»' S.I In order to tottain fb« llrtWBt mi the mIc w« hive included many «*■ wt pre- noatly ibown. There ore boMre^ o< *e«fth. (rom »» to I'P >arn the new fiwea. vhtch is the correct color lor cht Derby. Irooi }.90toH. Otbafi op to IM. SpSMkl- H(hi aai *ark. plaia vmt tnwmai. 79*. All Orie nt al rugs in ouf magnificent stock. — the choicest »pccimen» from Turkey. Peraia and India — at radically reduced pricei Special sale of shirtwaist suits, ♦S TTie new handkerchief linen waists. 3.50 E have bought se.enl thogtand s^iftwant lutts. m lawn and pniE- ham. In a numbef o( attractive iVilcv Irom a manolacterer who lound It nece^ary u> dapocc ol Ibem at a low— powlively worth 4.iO and 6. US — but rtKlacrd to tS. n^^atm. jm. .mm W^ /^TTJ' Wabw ■(«•*» |*^MM -:». •«< vMb ^c H.«*»-r,S»* iiaM •»>«, im)* m ^A tf, M Mta Mm M^ b»>a u4 M*r w? ■"«••« i*a« taba ai J.WV iBportast al« ^ ncfflic«c« a»d houac foww Clearance bale o( the finest dtmtty snd Uwn negltcee^ kimonos sad honse gownv made in the latest tashioo and tnmiaed with laca. fancy braid and ribbon, at half regular pncet. n AfMf trwm, 0t$l 9S Ami/ /#»W mt i f9 tK Awty vrrmfftri, t.$Sf ■ « i»MW #«*«i. t U. •< SMi-r»ah«. JPi aiima- »a«n* -ooivn M^* al tert r«-r«ta •• bm- tiar* leawa a' ••* Black goods specially priced REDUCTION sate ol hish-grmda eadMi*« b4sck ik«ss (oods — extreme Pans novctttcs; odd lotv hall p i s cas ar>d dress patterns of nik and wool crrpca. eolMones. p**- sdtncs. votlps. aiMl other lastcrUla, 1 90 to 11 «aJocs at 91. BsseMrnt; All-wool vaOaa, *S wrhas, cetort. crab* — i kUck. 30*. Tan lace lisle stockings. 50* LL the new shadcsofunaodchampipK. in silk andltste thread hosury: embrwdervd. Uce openwarkor pnrtrd. oa) lot ol taa lace hosiery. (uU Uc« or laca aaUs, SO^ n •* 1 as wto KlMMatati ai •••. * Isat black, aapaual varaa. I.IO Till a notion sale of great importance to dressmakers caid home seamstresses " spectal offer* qufted below are selected Irpm a vast stf>cW. ['ntcs in many instances e no more than wholesale. Qaick scmce and easy selection is assured. f^' /— iM.Ti w-afc-a a-toa. hwN bdaa.pariaa. I H ■«• ««ktv A tm-r* >t«-r* ■ _ *H M ^cbn. sa- lt*. rttaJa H« I iat.. *t. p«. St. Ha I. fi. 1 1*. Na ». 4aa- iaS;S*. IM Na 4a l*«. hbd m aMto an fnmn, ipwtol a< r*- mim niisa. aU — *to«a pat apaai al^. t^M a>a« toll too ««n tpaiUt aa^at IV* ■r iilwil alpMi ihin bnii. Vfi fttcm. aa, •• iMMi •kUn* * l«lt v«k kaaa »a»aaraar». S*. lisc* ■*«T^ica4 wd* MMMTMn >» n*M*. **- • pat fca«* wpparMn han atact^ >• calan I S* aaia.t •iH*i M'k. S»*. Clearance sale c/ laces, silk chiffons and robes for the Derby THOUSANDS of yards of V«nt«e appliqoes. medallions snd bsnds. ia white, cream and two-toned eflects; also beasnlul Uce sad bsttfts combiosticos Al pnces thai f jngr (rom one-third to one half the intrinsic valoe of the goods. The best pstterna o( the season st pnces which set a new standard. /w« #— , i^ .«— t Lotl-30t Uh»-4S« LoiS-SB* U« 4-I.2S U* 9-2.96 ««ia as « aoa "p"* -» •• «■ . •-* •» - St •«• a» «• •«* •» '• « Special aale af ^iflon. all nlk. iotit>l« wiiik. is bUck. craan. ^A* «kiu aad itoaity all tolofs — aacaeitoaal rshsa aU pa« rari. **^^ Kobes for the Derby (fob» toom. ftft *w> A tlasfsfioa ol ibc ftassi ssi »o»t AasirsMa to<* a>»* rlaboratrt* rtntwokdaraJ Im«b robaa al (raai cOBcaasiossjn pnee- >aMOa*to(S.sa SUtaaaiBM* . iPKialStS. liBaaMwn •vrr-nMh** !■> Datbr Oar ■ 5IIHU! Annual sterling silver sale THE J«M «il*«wi« sato aoT. pa*»*i all aatirioatxMS. Soto* li»aa *«va a»li o«t coeipl*!*- ly. OlNriS. fccw«w». bav* ht»a a4d«4, aai iba aiaoilawat saw cqitalt (bai ot last weak- kMit lai&MrtMsjs *• nn% bHT M Ml mS tIS. atoM>«i>« %^ Ma taii (taM aSr ou*. •! Mm aeo •■ •»»«. 505? 33X% 25% Discount sale of rare artware cut glass, clocks and china ^ 50% •■ -^ ••■ 5«*r»t I ttfaa sad bwaii . RcT*) D«ul- iral Crn»« Detbr, Coalpeat. Wadfwooa. ate •*'*aaa 'aaaa. i\orT ■■aiaturam. L(w'>eva •nan**!. ctci>*ova«, Eaftiifc aatTica ptaie*. bo«i!loa aMa 15%^ off Hswtfsad tbisa aad a:' a»as a<«ck d«To*BirA ai«B*t«aia fnanrrat. rwi**aaa ck.na. alt. ^'tMial a/t e*aa«. fttk and fatti* art*. Rn»al V I* a a a aarviM ptaua. plaqaaa. pottrn>. ale 'V\^ oCrickcwtfUaa. ^1^ /O Maitwooi laapa* latiiaiafat aad paaatula. platad i ■lattnc IsMpa. ••?■ ssd Aaaitcka. ceckM aod ffaO* MStbla pa4asts)a. ate 10% t katik*. aJw Half price sale of fine lace curtains T HE hca*y selling of Uce curtains Ust month left manv odd lou and ate to be discoonnacd— alt are to be dosed oot at hsU poce. some patterns that ■#w.ii lars. Furs lU^td aW inturtd. R*p^n aw/a l> t»m/90^ttw mttA tig . Sjieelmeii No. 29. Stronger. Of course, the re-written ad. occupies a little more actual space in larger type — 12 point Old Style — but by counting the words the "boiling down" will be noted. Practice like this, even though it is not an improvement, is what is necessary, and the Cyclo- pedia in the back of this book can be drawn on for material and data. 4* Introductions. 4» A Little "Hot Air" So Called, Judiciously Introduced Before Getting Down to the Real Business Facts, Stimulates Interest. The value of the introduction feature in a large department store ad. — or most any ad. of size, for that matter — is unquestioned, providing it does not extend throughout the whole effort. A good introduction in a large retail ad. is indispensable, because it is a sort of declaration of principles, and generalizes pleasantly on the strong features of the event. The ad. writer, how- ever, should not depend on the introductory features at the expense of the news, facts and money-saving proposition. The small ad. of say five or six inches single column should not as a rule devote more than about two inches to introduction — then give the facts. The following pages will furnish good study, and while of course they can be modified or copied with slight changes to suit the occasion, yet it is best to catch the drift and originate some- thing new. Practice writing introductions until you are expert in it. Other stores and manufacturers wonder how we can make such an offering as fills our counters this week. Trade experts can analyze this Sale as our public can not. They realize that everything we offer is fine, perfect, staple goods, that there is no real trade reason for reducing the prices, and are amazed that we have succeeded in presenting such an offering for this annual event with trade conditions so much against us. New fashionable fabrics and furnishings at prices that com- pare favorably with what you would have to pay for out of date, shopworn goods and bankrupt stock. Give us a chance to show you what a little money can do. Its purchasing possibilities in our store will surprise you. The prices we quote are only a few among many equally low. Remember that satisfaction goes with every purchase or sale. Put us to the test We don't believe in cutting prices and we don't have to cut ours. We make them right at the start, and this makes the goods move. If any line shows inclination to stay with us — something that very rarely happens — we know that the price is not to blame, and that the goods must go. When this decision is reached it is not a matter of price cut- ting, but of price obliteration. Cost is not considered in the matter at all. We simply wipe out old prices, and make new ones that will compel the goods to start. A glove on the hand is worth two in the box. This is peculiarly applicable to these gloves for women. Put the glove on and you can tell the value at once. Never mind who made them. The light weight kid is soft and pliable, insuring a good, comfortable fit. 80 Our long experience ought to count for something. We have made a careful study of the wants and wishes of our patrons, and believe that we can satisfy every taste and meet every requirement. Wc have always succeeded in pleasing our customers, and are better prepared than ever before to give them perfect satisfaction. If you have never traded with us give us a call. We believe we can suit you too. Our competitors look and wonder and do not know what to think of it, as it is a known fact to them that we sell our goods as cheap as they can buy them. If you find anything wrong about the goods you purchase from us bring them back without a moment's hesitation, you will find us more eager to meet mistakes than you are to dis- cern them. Satisfaction every time or no sale. Annual November Book Sale. — An event brimful of interest to book lovers. Anticipate your Christmas wants and save. For a number of years, it's been our custom to conduct a book sale. This year we're better prepared than ever before to furnish books to meet almost every requirement at most liberal price concessions. We have a broader, more comprehensive book stock than ever before. Eye strain is conducive to many diseases of the all- important organ ; nay, even acts detrimental to the other parts of the body. How important then it is that your glasses are fitted perfectly. It has been our specialty for thirty years. Have you any use for a good chopping axe ? If so, here's the place you can get the best that are made. AH kinds, single or double britted. INTRODUCTIONS. 81 If you want to save money, you can't afford to miss the opportunities ofi^ered at our sale. If you need the goods or are likely to need them during the next year, you will make big interest on your money by buying more. Before you send your money to the mail order houses give us a chance to show you what we can do. We believe we can give you better satisfaction than you can get if you trade with strangers ; we are sure we can give you better value for your money. Not the cheapest, but the best, is the motto of this store, and we aim to live up to it. You will find no cheap trash here, but we sell reliable goods at wonderfully low prices. No one handles. We have no get rich schemes to offer you. We are not running a gift enterprise and we give you no chances in a lottery. But we are selling reliable goods — goods that you need every day, at prices that will save you money on every article you buy. For some to buy Christmas gifts ? Not a bit of it. Now it just the time to make your selections before the prettiest things are gone. Everything is fresh and bright now and nothing has been injured in the slightest degree by handling. Another advantage of buying early is that you avoid the crush and compression usually inseparable from holiday buying. A boy's physical development depends a good deal on the kind of clothing he wears. It should be all wool to ward off rheumatism ; perfectly cut and fitted to give his limbs free play and make him grow up straight ; of a thick- ness suited to the temperature to keep away colds. We don't want to spend much time in praising our goods. We want you to come and see them and form your own opinion. We feel sure you will be perfectly satisfied with both the quality and the price. Sneezing yet ? Well, you will be shortly if you are not now. Remedy ? our men's medium weight under- wear. Of course it isn't safe to risk thin underwear these days, too many sudden changes in the weather. Ferns, as graceful decorations as nature ever produced ; and palms of all sizes, from tall, stately fellows to wee but ambitious ones. Such is my special offering this week. Specially fine specimens specially low priced. A good set of teeth gives expression to the mouth. Per- haps you need a set, but dread having old teeth extracted. Our new botanical discovery applied to the gums prevents any pain whatever. Will extract your teeth in the morning and have the new set ready at night. They will fit or you need not take them. Did it ever occur to you that there must be a reason why so many people recommend our health and accident policies. It's this way. We pay all claims promptly and without any fiiss. Call at our office and get list of 5 3 claims paid within the month. Cheaper than rent ! Yes, cheaper than rent is our plan of building or buying a home for you. Besides you can build just to suit yourself. If you own a lot we require 20 per cent, down, and if we buy a lot and build for you we require 2 5 per cent. down. In either case balance at the rate of $8.00 monthly for each thousand dollars wc invest for you, and in a few years jou own your own house and the landlord does not. Don't that beat paying rent ? Come and talk. One thousand boys wanted to put their feet into one thous- and pairs of our boys' fall and winter shoes. Good boys or bad boys — either will do. Neither are we particular about the size, for we have all sizes. We have the shoes to please the boys, and to please pa who settles the bill. Furs for Fashionable Folks — not a single piece of any kind did we carry over from last season. No '• moth ball" odor in this fur department of ours. Absolutely new, fresh, clean, stylish and beautiful pieces is the only sort that can gain admission here. The gathering as it is has entailed much thought, worry and extensive work. Every garment is made from the most carefully selected skins. No seconds arc con- sidered when we go out in the fur hunt. You should be just as carefiil when you go out to buy. It is hard to tell sometimes what kind of affelt is back of the fur. You have to depend largely upon the veracity of the merchant. You will hear the truth, the whole truth and nothing but the truth when he talks to you. Just because most folks look down on it, a small boy's hat is about the most important part of his get up. Instead of the time-worn styles everyone knows by heart, wc pick out the best straws and shapes and have them trimmed in designs of our own selection — that's how we've so many un- usual and pretty things among the Jack Tar straws, doth tans and automobile caps we're showing boys this spring. For with hats, as with furnishings and shoes, only the best is fit to put alongside our high-class boys' clothing. Our fiirniture buver is a most particular man when it comes to suiting him on the mattress question. We don't know how many scores of sample mattresses have been sub- mitted to our inspection and discarded as not up to the mark. Sure it is that a mattress must be well made and above all stuffed with a sanitary filling before it is accepted as fit for our customers. If you rip open the mattress on which you are sleeping you may find some puzzling stock inside — but here you will know just what you are buying for the knife goes in the seam and the customer is made thoroughly aware of the contents. 82 POWELL'S PRACTICAL ADVERTISER. Don't bite off wire with your teeth, pull up tacks with a table knife, open fruit cans with a screw driver, split wood with a butcher knife, sharpen your knife on a crock or borrow your neighbor's shovel or spade. Last but not least don't lose sight of the fact that we carry in stock every conceivable kind of tools that are used in the kitchen, shop, field or garden. Why delay your visit to the store ? Good bar- gains await your coming, and you will find them here when- ever you come. But some of the best may be gone before you get here if you linger too long. What would Thanksgiving be without a turkey ? and what would the best turkey be without our cranberry sauce ? \^'e can supply you the turkey — a partly Thanksgiving bird — if you send in your order in time, but don't delay or you may be too late. We don't furnish the sauce but we can supply the materials — genuine Cape Cod cranberries and the best refined sugar. We have lots of things too that you will want for the Thanksgiving feast. Annual Thanksgiving Offering — Splendid preparations have been made for our Thanksgiving sales — our buyers for months have been looking ahead to this period and their pur- chases of high grade dependable merchandise have been very extensive. Great saving opportunities are offered shoppers owing to shrewd buying and an accurate judgment of the people's needs. If you buy an article here and find it in any way unsatis- factory bring it back and get your money. Don't want your money unless you are satisfied and you have your money's worth. This is not sentiment — it's business. It pays us to treat you right. Fall clothes for men arriving — coming in fast — yes, and going out too, for already a good many men have liked the new styles so well that they have bought their autumn suit. TTie make room season is again here. Our fall line is beginning to arrive. The heavy suits and overcoats take up much space. We have to make this space now. We have quite a few single suits of lots of summer and medium weight left. These we must clear out regardless of the season's sell- ing price. We wish to emphasize an advantageous feature which marks our peculiar selling organization. It is nothing more or less than the agreeable manner in which our salespeople wait upon a customer. Giving the smallest transaction the same careful attention and interest given a purchase reach- ing into the hundreds. This plan, which is carried out all over the house, greatly enhances the pleasure of shopping. It seemed that people were just waiting for such a store as ours, where they could find everything good to eat offered so attractively and so reasonably as to make purchasing a pleasure rather than a monotonous duty. From the very beginning of our business wc have laid great stress on courtesy to our customers. We did this simply because it was right and their due, but the result has been a phenomenal increase of trade. It seems that our people appreciate being treated with politeness, and have rewarded us far more than we ever expected possible. We do not deserve much credit for being nice to our customers for it seems we have the very best class of trade that any store in the city ever had, and being nice to nice people is indeed easy. It is more profitable to retain an old customer than to look for a new one. If your treatment at our hands is not perfectly satisfactory, let us know and we will correct it. If it is satisfactory, give us the pleasure of serving you again. The mill end sale is swinging along like a great Ocean liner on a record breaking voyage. Previous records began to go the first thing on the first day. There were more people here, they bought more, they were better satisfied. No sale of the past can show such a record. We try to make friends with our customers. Transient trade is all right, we want that, but steady custom is the foun- dation of business; that is what we are working tor — the year round trade. We are making prices that will attract you and we guarantee a treatment that will hold you. Housefurnishings by mail. We would like to see every one of our customers face to face. But it is not always possible. The next best thing is to shake hands with them through the mail bag. We have taken great pains to so arrange our mail order department that correspondence shall be very prompt, very accurate and very plain. The illus- trations and samples we send are exact. The descriptions are definite and in no case overdrawn. If you will just drop us a hint of what you need, or what you may need, we will do all the work and take just as much pains as — yes, a little more pains than if you were visiting us in person. Are you ready for business correspondence ? We've been busy all summer making tons of paper and millions of envelopes. The kinds business men need for their letters. Good stationery is a help to business in convenience and as an advertisement. Preaching the Practical — Our ads. are our business ser- mons. Through them we preach the principles of practical economy. The world is made up mainly of practical people. People who have a just regard for the value of a dollar and its purchasing power. Money honestly and economically spent is money satisfactorily spent. As exam- ple is better than precept, so is practice better than preaching. Read what this store preaches and profit by what it prac- tices. A happy thought for a jewelry introduction — " Happy is the bride that the sun bursts on." INTRODUCTIONS. 83 It is never any trouble to show goods. We realize that you are not going to buy certainly unless you see the goods, not hesitate at any time to let it be known what you are looking for and we'll get it if we do not have it on hand. We make no bones about giving you credit. It's free to everybody. We sell clothing on credit because we found that thousands like to buy in that way. You're welcome, too. Dress well on easy terms by means of our simple credit system. You have no objectionable questions or inquiries to meet. You receive the same courteous treatment as though you were a cash customer. Our prices are lower than those the ordinary tailor is forced to ask you, because our clothing business is on such a gigantic scale that we can produce a perfect fitting, best quality suit at a much lower cost than that charged by the tailor who sells only, say, one dozen suits a week. We shall not devise systems to ensure honest goods and then forget to deal honestly with words in advertising them. No juggling here ; everything is marked in plain figures. It is to those who have shuffled ofF their mortal coil of single blessedness that we address ourselves to-day. It is to their sense of the economical, their appreciation of the ele- gant and good things in housefurnishings that we wish to appeal. We know that we are in a position to help you materially on the economical side, and a casual glimpse into our great store, filled to its utmost capacity with good equip- ment for your new home, will convince you that we pos- sess the elegant and substantial things. Young man, if you've just been married, or are just about to be, come in and look around a bit. Bring the girl with you, for it's a ten to one shot that she's a better idea of what's wanted in the newly made nest than you have — and any way what's to be bought. Bring her in, we say, and let some of our salespeople go through the building and show you how cheaply a house can be furnished throughout from this store. A difference with a distinction — when a man gets the best of a bargain the world laughs with him, but when the bargain gets the best of it the world laughs at him. Many bargains are not mentioned in print. Just as the pages of a newspaper cannot possibly chronicle all the inter- esting news of the day, so our daily news can never give you more than an imperfect idea of the bargains our store affords. We have perfect confidence in our new goods and believe they will bear the most rigid inspection. We have much pleasure therefore in asking you to examine them care- fully, for we are assured they will stand the test with regard to both style and quality and there is no need of mentioning the prices. They speak for themselves. We don't talk much about our goods ; we don't have to — they speak for themselves. All they want is a chance. Come and see them and compare quality and prices with any of the much vaunted goods offered you elsewhere. Everything fi-esh and good — everything neat and clean. Fair prices, courteous attention, prompt delivery. These arc the leading characteristics of every department in our store. Everything the market afi"ords that is worth having can found here at its proper season. We are always up to the minute in getting seasonable goods, and sometimes we are able to force the market a little. When you buy anything of us — no matter whether it is big or little — you may rest assured that it will be delivered at the time promised. We are proud of our reputation for promptness, and our delivery system is as near perfection as possible. We make a specialty of showing the new styles first — you have heard that from your neighbors — and if you doubt it, satisfy yourself by calling. Everything in fine fettle — we're ready — yes, splendidly ready — with one of the grandest expositions of bright new merchandise it has ever been our pleasure to announce, and we extend you an invitation to attend our annual fall opening in our new store. You will find us prepared to fit you out from top to toe with the most beautiful creations of the mas- ter minds of the world of fashion. European ingenuity and American skill have combined to make this an event that will long be remembered by our city folk and the lessons in econ- omy which we shall teach here during the coming week will be both pleasing and convincing. You'll come, of course you'll come — and marvel at the immensity of the display made possible by our far reaching influence on both sides of the Atlantic, and not the least important feature of this great fiinction is our invariable policy of selling on a margin of profit or close to cost to prove that shopping here is always profitable. We have a lot of odds and ends that we are tired of seeing around and they take up room that we need for new goods. We have marked them at prices that we think will make you glad to take them out of our way. Remember that they are not old, shop-worn goods, but broken lots of the lines we are selling every day. Come and see them anyway. Some of our patrons are bound to get bargains, for it is against our rule to carry any stock to another season. Friday — Bargain Day — Set apart by us as the greatest money saving day of the week. judging by public appreci- ation of its advantages it promises to be the busiest day of the week. It won't take long before *♦ Bargain Friday " will be synonymous of money saving. A Miss-Fit and a Miss-Hit — Miss the fit you Mbs the hit — Miss the Miss. Hit the fit your fit for a hit — make a hit with the Miss. We make the fit. 84 POWELL'S PRACTICAL ADVERTISER. These are busy days for Santa Claus. He has to be everywhere at once, peeking around corners to see who are the good girls and boys ; trying to find out what everybody wants, so that he can make everybody happy on Christmas morning. Then he has to come to our store and get every- thing ready to fill the shoes and stockings on Christmas morning. But Santa Claus and everyone else finds us won- derfully helpful in getting things for Christmas. Here are the broadest, choicest stock of holiday goods to be found any- where, a safe, convenient, comfortable store, efficient and couneous salespeople. Low prices here don't mean cheap goods — not a bit of it. We use the term "low prices" in the comparative sense only. Some goods are too cheap for us to handle — others too dear - in neither case do you receive proper return for money expended. You can shop here with the full assurance that you are getting one hundred cents worth of value for every dollar spent. We put a hat on you — if it doesn't wear well it's a hat on us. A good book is always an acceptable present and we have a large number designed expressly for this holiday trade. They represent the highest attainments of the bookmakers* art — and some of them are marvels of cheapness, when their quality is taken into consideration. They cater to all tastes, and if you are in doubt about what you shall give a friend, you will cenainly be able to find something satisfactory among them. The beauty of a charge account ! During the holiday season, with its beautiful custom of gift giving, there are added demands on the family purse, and a charge account be- comes not only a convenience but in many instances a necessity. The beauty of it — you can make your purchases and pay for them at your leisure. When you buy what's best, you buy but seldom; when you buy what's cheap, you're bu\ing all the time. A dining room in Sharaton style offers a beautiful treat- ment where lightness and grace of design are the required features. In the long, low sideboard with its graceful tapering legs, the round dining table, the cabinet for china or glass, with its quaint mullioneJ windows, with chairs all conforming in beautifully selected mahogany relieved by fine lines of inlay. The original feeling in this classical Eng- lish style is adhered to in every line of these reproductions. Here's a mine of wonderful values — a bargain mine that will yield up its treasures this week according as you dig more or less deeply. A wave of underpricing has swept over the entire store. Every department is affected. We' ve gone through the entire house and made up a list of specials that will stand without precedent or parallel. We want you to frequent our store on your shopping tours. Come in, look around and get suggestions for Christmas. If you find any old, antiquated stuff here, we will give it to you. Of course you want to shop in the coolest store in town these sultry days — a store where there is a shady reading room, a dainty restaurant where appetizing dishes are served at moderate prices. The store of summer com- fort and pleasure — that's ours. This store is the store for bargains, no matter where you go, from one end of the city to the other. Can't find a place to suit you as well as this good, old reliable grocery, where every article, big or little, is priced so low that it defies all competition. Come here to-morrow and try us. Bring a few dollars and leave an order. Wc save your monev. When our store is thronged from morning till late at night with eager customers, it is impossible to give each buyer the prompt attention which we desire to accord to all. Our staff is large and anxious to please, but has its limitations. Patrons who are not compelled to defer their shopping to the last will benefit themselves and confer a favor on us by coming early. The wise people who do their Christmas shopping early are becoming more numerous every year, but there are still enough procrastinators to make a rush inevitable at the last. You will save yourself a lot of annoyance and stand a much better chance of being suited by joining the ranks of the early buyers. A Ticker that Ticks — What is the use of having a watch if it fails you just when it is important that you know the correct time ? We have dependable watches — the best American and Swiss makes and they keep correct time to the fraction of a second. All styles and kinds of solid and gold filled now ready. We will sell you a high grade watch at as low a price as can be obtained in this or any other city. Wc take pleasure in showing these fine goods to all comers. Real Fur Bargains — It is not the lowest prices that tell of the best fur values. A difference of a dollar or so in the price of a garment is not a matter for serious consideration. It is the quality of the skins from which they arc made and the thoroughness of the furriers that made them up that gives the real value. One unqualified guarantee covers all these points — you know our furs are right or they would not be here. Fresh meats — by all means fresh — that's what you want. That's what we sell. Our market is fast becom- ing the popular meat market of the city. Drop in and see us. You'll then sec why it is. Phrases and Expressions A Over 1000 selections which enable the ad. writer to quickly A Ip drasp the ri^ht word or phrase, when the brain is sluddish. v^ This list, alphabetically arranged, is just as valuable to the ad. writer as is a dictionary to the purely literary man. Anyone who writes ads. will at times be at a loss to give the proper expres- sions, and this mammoth list will then prove a gold mine. You may find it hard to start your introductory pithily — here is your help. You may feel the need of a few connecting words that have "the swing" and lead up to the ordinary descriptive matter — these phrases and expressions will put you at ease and smooth out the wrinkles on your forehead. Read them over and practice connecting them in whatever work you have in mind. A bargain that's a credit to the word. A mighty movement in excellent goods. A timely tip. Attractive exhibits. All records broken. Always on the alert. •^ style to fit every fancy. A triumph of worthy goods. A great truth quickly told. Alluring advantages. A winning proposition. A little money goes a great way. A business proposition pure and simple. An old house with new values. A spring freshet of attractiveness, A poor article is no bargain at any price. Anytime is a good time — now is the accepted time. A bargain menu for hungry shoppers. All flow — no ebb. An era of economy. Alive to trade conditions. An investment that pays. A mere promise gets these. An appeal to taste and economy. A vesting investment. A combination of profit. A trial proves the worth. A top notcher for the money. A medley of merit. Always the best for the least money. Always ahead of the line — right up to this evening. A pleased customer pleases us. A trumpet call for bargain seekers. A policy whose alphabet spells success. A revelation in delightful cookery. A full value for an empty pocketbook. Advance styles without advanced prices. A single fact outweighs a thousand claims. Always think before you act — but don't think too long A halo of satisfaction. A money saving triumph. A banquet feast of bargain splendors. A litde higher in price but cheaper in the end. A story worth telling. All we ask is comparison. A busy corner in a busy store. A bristling armament of bargains. Aggressive methods win. A chance for saving. An honest word of honest goods. A host of incomparable bargains. All people who buy want the best. Appropriate goods at appropriate prices. Another dip in prices. Attractions in merchandise. A mere suggestion often aids a purchaser. A mint of hints. A harvest of furniture fancies. A few words but they mean everything. A masterpiece of wise business forethought. Astonishing buying chances. A dull thud in prices makes a lively week in our trade. An overworked dollar. A matchless out-pouring of values. A header in headgear. A little money well spent, works wonders. A soft touch on the contents of your purse. A pound of fact is worth an ocean of fancies. Admirable array of new goods. A specialty with us — not a side issue. A prescription for a languishing counter. Ardent copiers take the cue. A china chance. A store full of quick movement. As rare as the prices we give them. Absolute economies here shown. A store where confidence dwells eternal. All that's latest — all that's good. W 86 POWELL'S PRACTICAL ADVERTISER. A little nonsense is like our product — relished by the best of men. Admire and study during this opening. A sale of little things. Annual public benefit sale. A quality store. A chance that will impress a multitude. A little publicity goes a long way. A goodly collection of correct styles. An impressive sale will be in full swing. A soft feather pillow absorbs the cares of the day. A difference with a distinction. An eye-opening sale begins to-morrow. Alluring arravs. A daring cut in prices all along the line. A purchasing chance that few will miss. Advantages that will appeal to any shopper. A flurry in shirt waist prices. Advertising by us is reliable advertising. A palate pleasing variety of eatables. A mine of stirring bargains. At these prices the goods will go quickly. A lesson in price cutting. A price that would please you. Attempts at word painting are now futile. A bunch of prices. A patron gained by quality remains one. An irresistible series of specials await you. Accuracy our motto. An opportunity worth taking advantage of. A clean sweep with low prices. Benefit of bigness. Bargain facts. Big banner bargains. Better times mean better goods. Bargain bulletin. Bargains — not remnants. Big store filled with little prices. Broken sets at broken prices. Bright goods at bright prices. Bigger, brighter, better bargains. Beautiful effects from beautiful goods. Best made for best trade. Better a little more quality and less quantity. Beware of shoes where wear is not. Because they fit well — they wear well. Big prices are on vacation. Best goods for best buyers. Be in the swim. Bring your small change. Big bargains in bristle goods. Balance the goods with the price. Bargain Friday possibilities. Bargains are the accidents of a great business. Buying centre of the masses. Bargains beckon you. Barely able to hang on is the dealer who persists in clinging to old methods. Business is bulky, but under the spur of necessity it will move at its accustomed pace. Better than gold dollars at fifty cents. Big results from small beginnings is the only name for the kind of investment we offer. Better goods same money — same goods less money. Be fair to yourself. Best leaves no room for improvement. Boundless profusion of ndw and nobby. Buyers busily buying big bargains. Bargains not found every day. Bargains for thrifty shoppers. Be wise — shop here. Buy where it is cheapest and best. Cash is King. Cash is economy. Cash here is mighty. Continued underselling. Condition and necessity. Clink of dollars saved. Credit for those who ask it. Credit here is at your disposal. Cash is the axle grease of business, •vlutch the mighty dollar. Consider well, then decide rightly. Comparison price sale. Come back again trade makers. Coin can be made (because saved). Correct styles at correct prices. Can you resist this great temptation f Calcium light of common sense. Cash alone is King. Can you meet or match these values ? Convincing economy. Chance of the season. Come, consider, criticise and compare. Combination that unlocks the pocket book. Credit here nicely suits small earnings. Common sense commands. Contemplate the full force of this event. Cash prices on cash bought goods. Cut prices are here bidding for business. Correct effects arc not accidental. Care was given to each and every detail. Convincing facts of convincing goods. Credit us with enterprise during this sale. Credit business at cash prices. Canny readers will be prompt purchasers. Clock prices cut in half. Come to look and you will remain to buy. Caught in the price maelstrom. Criticism is welcomed by us from everybody. Cool A. M.'s and P. M.'s mean light overcoats. Costs but little, but worth much. PHRASES AND EXPRESSIONS. 87 Conquering defiance sale — Invincible bargain leadership. Calculated to take your breath away. Come to us when you want a heaping money's worth. Chilly winds cannot keep the people away from our tremen- dous sale. Cash or credit ? In either case you get great value. Comfort at any price. Clip this out or make a money-saving memo. Change in style — change in prices. Clipped prices and the highest grades for you. •• Cold wave " coal. Cheap is a term that applies only to our prices. Credit — denied to none — offered to all. Care was exercised in writing these statements. Comparisons and calculations concerning cash and credit. Competitors watch our ads. with absorbing interest. Count it good if sells it. Coupled here are high qualities and low prices. Consistency is the gem of all business propositions. Competition is active, but we more than meet it. Cooking comfort at small cost. Comparison throws into bold relief our offerings. Common sense versus false economy. Careful readers will respond to these suggestions. Confidence begets credit — credit creates prosperity. Cheapness in prices only — excellence in qualities. Cash buying means saving. Clear statements made our advertising interesting. Call around and see us. Careful attention is paid to quality. Candid statements that leave lasting impressions. Can you beat our prices ? Cash accounts. Come to us. Dull months turned to busy ones. Double earnings — double saving. Desirable goods. Dollars do double duty. Dollars of value for dimes in cash. Dainty needs for dainty people. Don't look wise and make a fool of yourself. Distincdy different — prices popular. Drives in prices worthy attention. Deliciousness for those who love good things. Depreciation in price only. Down go prices, but up go values. Day dawn for careful buyers. Digging for dollars is what everybody is doing. Did you ever see such an opportunity ? Daily hints for daily needs. Dollar in merchandise for dimes in cash. Do you wish the best at the least cost ? Do you like blimt truth or fairy stories ? Don't throw away the knowledge of "buying facts." During this sale money will be mighty. Don't drink in all the bargain nonsense. Don't keep her waiting when you can buy for nothing down. Delicious confections at pleasing prices. Dead dollars are the ones you hide away. Don't be behind the times. Day by day we offer superlative values. Did you ever see anything like ours ? Desirable goods at more desirable prices. Decision is necessary for time is limited. Dress well on easy terms. Don't put off — bargains fly. Dashing styles. Earners will appreciate the power of their money here. Expend your money here where it will bring its utmost. Expansion is the order of the day and we are expanding. Excel them .? Impossible ! Equal them ? Try ! Investi- gate them. Eye openers in necessities. Eager buyers' opportunity. Exciting and startling sale. Early season goods at late season prices. Extraordinary goods — extraordinary prices. Every point a good point. Every inch a bicycle. Every stitch a bargain. Economy that is economy. Every value tested. Every saving counts. Everyday advantages. Early buying is easy buying. Economy is the easy chair of old age. Eighty per cent, of the profit is yours. Everything from everywhere. Every article bought is money saved. Entering upon prosperity is easy — if you have the key — here it is. Everything goes, it is astonishing how a leader takes everything with it. Everythmg high class but the price. Every department greets you with right goods. Examine at your leisure — buy at your pleasure. Early comers get best bargains. Every article guaranteed. Endless array of new styles. Easy to dress well at our price. Every day something new. Favorite wear for fashionable folks. Funeral of profits. Famous values are these. Friend of the people. For purse wbe buyers. Figure what you can save. Facts and figures. Fame came in the wake of worth. Free, quick, rapid sellers. Filled with selling points. 88 POWELL'S PRACTICAL ADVERTISER. Fancy goods at plain figures. Fat facts for slim pocketbooks. Flawless and fashionable features. Foremost among them all. From head to foot we clothe the man, clothe him rightly, clothe him cheaply. Fairest of all the Autumn openings. Fits and misfits. Facts not fakes. Features worth reading about are these. Fit well, feel well, look well. Frost nipped prices. Foolish is he who advertises untruthfully. For that baby. Fair prices and good quality. Frank statements of fearless price cutting. Friday — bargain day. Full satisfaction guaranteed. Follow the crowd and you will come to us. Fine feathers make fine birds. Fmish fit and fashion in our garments. Fads and fancies of the hour are displayed. Frigid facts. Forceiul figures. Fashion's behests were religiously followed. Figures do not lie. Facts worth noting. Fancies and whims are more than anticipated. Fascinating features. Finding a bargain is like finding anything else — it makes the finder happy. Fetching features to fetch business of much magnitude. Face gladdening shares. For your foot's sake, lend us your cars. Fashionable effects lighten up this great stock. First impressions are always the strongest. For your stomach's sake. Fashion evolves many new ideas — to be shown here. Fine furnishings for fastidious fellows. For the particular man. Great merit b our best salesman. Gigantic movement of supreme importance. Good merchandise. Gems of the season. Good things for those who think of good goods. Goodness of our offerings. Goods it pays to buy. Give a thought to this opportunity. Good teeth mean good health. Great buying chances now presented. Greater and grander than ever. Goods for the many — not for the few. Great business is inevitable during this sale. Goods neat — prices little. Glance with a keen eye down this bargain list. Gifts of glittering glass. Gloves make or mar the costume. Good posts make good fences. Great satisf'action is expressed by our customers. Great value for little money. Generous terms on stylish goods. Get a bargain to-morrow by coming to our store. Get what you want — pay what you can. Grip strong a chance like this before it slips along. Great goodness at little price. Gain a great advantage by seizing this opportunity. Good goods at damaged prices. Generous assortments are features in all departments. Goodness first — price afterward. Generosity in bargain giving brings us generous trade. Goods well bought are half sold. Go to Johnson's when you want a great money's worth. Good news of good goods. Goodness of these articles will be recognized at a glance. Goods that suit — prices that please. Goods are here to be sold — hence these persuasive prices. Good values. "Goodness" is an adjective that well qualifies this article. Good goods at little prices. Gems of elegance — gems of excellence — gems of value. Great bargains to-day. Give us a chance to clothe you. Grasp the opportunity when it presents itself as it docs here. Get the habit. Get the best at the lowest price. Here's where we excel. Honest goods at honest profits. Here's every element of worth. Here's comfort at money saving price. Hints to housewives. Here's a breath of spring. Housecleaning inducements. Honest values stitched with truthful words. Highest possible grade at lowest possible prices. Here's the trade event. Here's your opportunity. Home beauty is home comfort. He that knows and knows that he knows is wise — follow him. Hot prices on cool weather goods. Hanging on to old prices is no way to obtain new business. Happy thoughts in bright colors. Help us to lose money on these. Here's the key to prosperity. Hands and brains are busy. Here's litdeness of price. Half prices to the cash customer. How do you like our styles ? Here's a great bargain. Heaps of bargains. Here's a chance to save money. Highest quality — lowest price. PHRASES AND EXPRESSIONS. 89 It's worth while to stop here. I undersell. If we do it — it's done right. It is never any trouble to show goods. If you buy it here — it's right. In advertising lies the secret of business success, but not in advertising lies. It pays to be particular. In the line of bargains — try these. It's the price that appeals to you. It is a feat to fit your feet. It pays us if it pays you. It's not alone that we say it, but that you know we mean it. It takes nerve to sell at these prices. If you buy at Smith's it's all right. It's the glove-like fit that sells it. It's a pleasure to serve a pleased customer. If you want wealth, dig ! If you want value, dig ! If you want truth, dig ! It's hard to earn, but easy to save. In the ladder of economy every round counts. Inspiration for saving. It's not a job lot house. It harrows one's soul to have one's sole wear out so soon. In the contest between goods, prices cut the figure. It would take a whole library to tell of the advantages. In the lexicon of elegance there is no word to express their goodness. If it's here, it's worthy — if it's worthy, it's here. It's a waste of time to look elsewhere. In the beginning was continuity. The fool does well to-day and badly to-morrow. Its wear is wonderful and its wearers legion. If it pays to advertise part of the time, why not all the time ? If nine tailors make a man, we have the best nine tailors in the city. If interested send for particulars, proof and prices. It's hard to beat our prices. Immense values abound. Interest yourself in this money-saving sale. It pays to buy here. In every department — bargains. Just a few of the many. Just for our best friends. Just scale of merit. Just a little better than the best. Just what you want. Just for curiosity's sake try it. Just an inkling of many smart things. Jump into these bargains quick and think later. Just what you want at your own price. Judicious buying means sure saving. Jot down your needs — we can supply them. Jump at these offerings. Just a few convincing facts. Knee deep in attractiveness. Killing prices by deep cuttings. Keen observers note our bargains. Keep up to date — watch our ads. Keep pace with fashion. Know what you want — buy of us. Knowledge is power — our buyers know how. Luxurious goods at necessity prices. Little prices. Lovely showings. Loss falls with heavy thud. Little things at little prices. Leaders for this week's selling. Life is what we make it. Late comers get poorest pickings. Look at this list with a critical eye. Low prices are loud talkers. Latest styles are here in abundance. Lingering doubts to buy are banished. Look and learn. Little by little are your payments made. Low prices swell sales up to high points. Long lived satisfaction. Liberal inducements to prompt purchasers. Light goods for heavy wear. Leave your order here to-day or to-morrow. Linked to comfort and quality. Low prices in conjunction with high qualities. Lively selling must follow this announcement. Look after the pennies you can save. Legitimate business methods have their effect. Luxury lightens labor. Less profits mean bigger values, such as these : — Light weight goods at prices still lighter. Lavish values are fascinating features of this sale. Lest you forget. Long time credits to suit every family exchequer. Learn how to save — buy here. Large, plump bargains await to-morrow's patrons. Let us know your needs. Languid business now receives a *' special sale" tonic. Little hints for provident shoppers. Lend us your ear while we will to you a bargain tale unfold. Last chance for the inventory reduction. Lubricating the machinery of business with "special sale" oil. Little folks supplied at little prices. Make and save by buying diamonds now. Marvelous values. Makes merchandise move. Marvel in low prices. Merit is the basis of success. Merchandise marvels extraordinary. Make us prove it. Mighty movements in merchandising. Mistakes cost money. 90 POWELL'S PRACTICAL ADVERTISER. I Modern mercantile methods. Mail orders receive our best attention. Mail orders promptly and carefully filled. Minimum cost — maximum worth. Matchless clearance sales in all departments. Magnetic millinery models now on exhibition. More for the money than you can find elsewhere. Magnificent array of values are now to be seen. Meritorious articles priced at moderate figures. Many chances to save money. Match these values if you can. They are great. Masterpieces of workmanship are these articles. Masses of meritorious merchandise. Make up your mind to embrace this opportunity. Minute details have been thoroughly carried out. Money in your pocket sale. Magnitude of our offerings impresses everybody. Money-saving time is all the time. Mail order shopping here is satisfactory shopping. Made right — sold right. Many will hasten to respond to this advertisement. Money talks and usually talks cents. Microscopic prices are to-morrow's selling figures. Meetvus halfway. Modes of the moment receive full expression here. Money saved by buying here. Men, women, boys and girls will alike be interested. Merely a hint of good things. Manufacturers' surplus stock to go the bargain way. Matchless material at unmatchable prices. Memoranda can be made from this list with advantage. Make us your clothier. Nothing like ours. Near cost. Noteworthy goods at notable figures. Nicknacks cheap. Not as good as some, but better than most. Nicest goods you ever saw. None better than ours. Neat, novel, nobby and new. Not as good as they look. Nearly everybody will come. Not many bargains, but good ones. News of extreme importance. New, crisp, reliable goods at clean, nonest, desirable prices. Novelties are here in abundance. Net prices on net qualities. Nobby neckwear popularly priced. New arrivals in fresh goods. Notice with care our features this week. Not something, but everything. Nimble business will come to this notion sale. No bait but quality. Novel conceits from the wide world of fashion. Not a game of blind man's bufF, you do not go blindly into a purchase. Not how cheap, but how good. Note well for it certainly will be to your advantage. Noise is not business. Nothing useless put in — nothing useful left out. Only values here. Old tale of new stock. Opportunities worth noting. Our business — your interests. Out of the ordinary offerings. Observe how ruthlessly we slash prices. Our gain is your gain. Our bread rises to explain. Obligation to buy never comes with a visit. Our object is to save your money. Odd lots at odd prices. Opportunities nothing short of remarkable. Our prices talk all languages. Our store is yours. Only here and now can you get these goods. Our desire is to move goods, not to get cash. Our mirror of present fashion. Overwhelming evidence as to our leadership. Our fair price banner waves over all. Ours are sure thing investments. Oasis here for seekers of excellent merchandise. Odd sale of odd ends at odd prices. Our circulation needs a tonic of dollars. Ordinary prices are far above our present figures. Once a customer, always a friend. Our prices advertise us. Opportune sales for this season's home furnishers. Out of date methods do not satisfy up to date people. Our hat pantry is stocked with the best. Oversights are committed by those who fail to come. Ours are the best. Odds and ends of a splendid season's business now to go. Of course it's just a passing chance at these prices. Open wide your eyes for here is something worth reading. Our aim is constantly toward the mark of public patronage. Optics of many readers are centered upon this announcement. Our footwear will outwear footwear bought elsewhere. Obstacles to buy in the shape of high prices, are now removed. Opportunities for money saving. Only a few of our bargains. Offerings of the rarest. Occasion of rare importance. Pure, sure sells, satisfies. Prices that surprise — values that tell. Prosperity follows thrift. Properly popular prices. People of any color treated white. Prosperity goods at poverty prices. Procrastination profits no one. Pay for what you get and get what you pay for. People appreciate our push. PHRASES AND EXPRESSIONS. 91 Plentitude of bargain figures. Prices in themselves are not conclusive. Poor goods cost most. Popular prices mean right prices. Prices as hard to match as the goods. Painful pauses in prosperity have compelled us to make special prices on all stock. Prices will never satisfy until quality has set the mind at case. Prices out of joint. Prescriptions precisely prepared. Prices are now half prices. Prices run like these. Positive price reductions. Price reductions predominate. Prices that speak for themselves. Pleased customers make steady patrons. Purchase here if you want satisfaction. Prepare for a rainy day — see our mackintoshes. Politeness the watchword here. Price figures — quality counts. Price and promptness are features of which we are proud. Pinch of prices. Prices with bowed heads are these. Quality is everything. Quality is the password. Quality is the best economy. Quality is the true test of cheapness. Quality first, then price. Quality and style prove the bargain. Quality counts — we sell standard goods. Queerest of queer trade doings. Quick sellers and why not ? Quality our best advertisement. Quintessence of value. Quaint conceits at queer prices. Quality speaks for itself. Quick selling prices. Quality our trade mark. Quick service — no mistakes. Quantity and quality — that's our stock. Real dollar values. Remarkable rates. Radical reductions. Remorseless price-cutting. Reduction fever raging. Reasonable prices are quoted. Rich goods at poor prices. Radical changes are now necessary. Right in front — as usual. Reasons abound as to why you should buy. Rightness first — profits afterwards. Realize the full importance of this offering. Ripest fruit of intention. Reap the benefit of these splendid offerings. Right time by right watches. Rush of business from a whirlwind of bargains. Real bargains are now told of by printer's ink. Reputable merchandise the only sort we ever offer. Royal Claret at plebeian prices. Richness in bargain giving a feature for to-morrow. Rarest of bargain opportunities. Random items picked from hundreds of others. Reputation is a subject that readers carefully consider. Reasonable reasons. Rash prices are these ! Yes, but they bring business. Retailing here is never sleepy or stolid, dull or drowsy. Rare because of style — exceptional because of price. Radiant showings of the last fancies of Dame Fashion. Range of colorings, styles and effects most remarkable. Ripest fruit of invention. Restricted quantities urge the necessity of calling early. Rapid selling. Ruinous prices are these, so they cease to-morrow night. Rich value for bargain hunters. Rich and rare combinations of weaves, colors and effects. Reasonable prices on reliable goods. Respect for public intelligence is considered in every adver- tisement. Rather strange but it's true — we always give the best to you. Resolve yourself into a committee of one and investigate here to-morrow. Ready to wear garments. Read and be convinced. Return your goods if they don't suit. Some snappy bargains. Something doing here. Small prices bring big business. Sharp, crisp pricing. Scintillating specials in superb silverware. Savings you are sure of. Styles fresh with the lingering touches of fashion. Shortened prices. Skeptics become enthusiastic buyers. Sacrificing prices. Surging sea of humanity responds to our values. Store service superb. Search the city with a microscope, you could find no better bargains. Seething sea of bargain seekers. Shoes of service — shoes of worth — shoes of style. Soft shoes for tenderfoot. Small prices. Shoes for sunshine or storm. Style and service. Striking money savers. Sensational selling. Satisfaction the prime factor. Sensible shoppers come here. Seasonable satisfaction. Sweeping price cuts now the ruie. Satisfaction is a silent salesman. 92 POWELL'S PRACTICAL ADVERTISER. Sharp eyes find big savings. Store attractions multiply. Service is a point we never overlook. Substantial savings. Sensitive purses will like these prices. Small expense, small profit. Standards here are rigidly maintained. Styles that are snappy and becoming. Snappy stvles to give a snap to business. Something for nothing. Splendid stocks are now in full readiness. Strong in bargain richness. Severe cuts in selling figures now evident. Snappy staple sellers. Short, sharp and swift sale. Stocks are now at their best — their brightest. Sacrificing profit to make sales. Swap what you do not want for what you do. Stock reduction means price reduction. Style showings worth coming miles to admire. Standard in quality — always satisfactory. Smashing sales are in force throughout the store. Style, quality, price right. Sales of surpassing interest are now in full swing. Satisfaction brings business. Showings that instandy captivitate critical customers. Shrewd buyers need no urging. Sweep out all stocks with the big broom of small prices. Sound sense and sane judgment. See what we have to offer, then — use your own judgment. Small cash for much pleasure. Stirring price reductions stir up business with a sharp stick. Slight the littles and spoil the whole. Score another point to our credit on account of this offering. Seething sea of selling. Selling you — we sell all your friends. Stern necessity makes rare opportunity. The season of changes — how about underwear ? That burning question. There can be only one best store. Triumphant trade turners. The chances of vcars. The key to the situation. Tremendous trade temptations. To-day's thoughts for busy people. Trade winning triple alliance — quality — price — creation. Taffy is cheap — deeds count. Tliat indefinable and indispensable thing called style. The best materials put together by people who know how. Talk here is backed up by deeds. The best for the prices. Thrifty trade chances. Thoughts for the thrifty. Turn your thoughts in our direction. These goods sell themselves. The ups and downs of business. Tremendous triumphs in trade. The day of days — the time of times. The rivulet of bargains flows steadily on. Thrift and taste both catered to. Their economy is their wearing quality. Truth needs no trumpets. Tremendous temptations for your trade. To-day's needs are to-day's prices. Taste for the beautiful makes you appreciate these. Those who come to look remain to buy. The man of taste never allows his taste to fall short of his shoes. The comfortable, fitable, wearable kind. Telling arguments now are told on paper. The big store with the little price. The prices and the goods don't balance. Tasty confections at purse pleasing prices. The prices are in the low side of the scale. The fire is not yet out in our great reduction sale. Throngs will come in response to this offering. Think before you buy — and then you'll buy. These goods make the prices look small. Thinking people are our most staunch supporters. The price leans your way. The stamp of style. Tales worth listening to are in the following items : To have been first proves antiquity — to have become first proves merit. The purchaser — his privileges and prerogatives. Tidings of more than passing interest are here told. The theme of the day — the fad of the hour. The different store. Terse, truthful tales are the succeeding paragraphs. The handy store. The big little store. Thorough workmanship can be seen in every stitch. The greatest growing store. The money back store. Temporary trade is not our wish ; 'tis a lasting success. Truth ever — quality always. To-day for dollars. Thrifty readers will be in strong evidence here to-morrow. To-day for savings. This is the place. Timid retailers cannot understand our aggressive methods. Trifles light as air. The greatest wealth of selection. Transactions of great magnitude were responsible for these values. The masterstroke of price cutting. The store of worth. Teach yourself how to save, take advantage of our credit system. The veil proclaims the well dressed woman. These suits are their own salesmen. Think deeply, the more you think, the more you'll buy. The five points of profit broken off. Take a single squint at these hints. PHRASES AND EXPRESSIONS. 93 The sun of commerce casts a shadow. That has a bad effect on inferior goods. Time is up — goods must go. The best advertised, the most patronized. The least criticised, the most eulogized. To grow rich is only to embrace opportunities. Truth might look in a mirror and not think so much of her- self as in our advertbements. Taking advantage of the best is your duty. Trinity of arguments, viz., liberal assortments, high qualities, and low prices. The limit of little prices. The square dealing clothier. Thrift means prosperity. Tailors for good dresses. The best is always the cheapest. Take advantage of these money savings. To test us is to trust us. The new customer becomes the old one. Transact your business where facilities are best. Trade with us. Tell your friends where to buy. The public is warming up to our bargains. Under the low priced banner. Undoubted values predominate this sale. United we stand. Un imely end of old stock. Understanding follows inspection. Union is strength. Unfailing quality our motto. Undesirable goods never found here. Union of grades and prices. Useless to go elsewhere. Unless you want the best don't come here. Unexcelled values for this week. Use common sense and make dollars. Undercuts in prices now in force. Usually the cheapest — always the best. Umbrellas in a bargain shower. Underwear at under prices. Unsurpassed showings in new goods. Unique in style and price. Undercurrent of bargains runs strong. Useless to look elsewhere — you'll find no better at the price. Unless you want to lose money — do not overlook these bargains. Unquestionably the event of the season. Unmatched prices on matchless goods. Unusual prices for unusual goods. Unanimous approval has been given this establishment. Universal sales faction. Union make clothes. Undeniable values are here. Useless to look around — we are here first. Very best always. Vanishing profits arc our lookout. Vast assortments await your inspection. Vastness of stocks a feature. Verify everything we say Victory perches upon our banner. Varied and beautiful. Values are here in abundance — secure them. Values that draw mighty crowds. Values that need only be seen to be appreciated. Verbiage vs. values. Visit us at your early convenience, to your advantage. Veracity rather than variety. Volume of business, not large margins, makes these values possible. Vital features of this business are care and promptness. Volcanic eruptions of business. Vigorous selling seen in every department. A'^aluable inducements for your consideration. Whenever vou want goodness — call on us. Why look elsewhere ? — This is the place. Wisdom indicates our store. Women who want value come here. Why do we win ? Because we give the best. Winsome styles. We sell only the best at the smallest prices. What you want you find here. Willing clerks always at your service. Wary money savers shop here. Wellspring of rich values. We are after your trade — once we get it we'll keep it. With us quality is the watchword. Win approval by selecting here. Wise buyers never shop — they come here. Worth is never overlooked. We give you what you want. Where small prices reign. Why do we do this ? That's our secret. Wait and you lose these bargains. Wet weather means price cutting. Women will be greatly interested in this sale. Want a bargain ? Here's the real thing. Win a prize by securing one of our bargains. What we advertise we sell — what we sell advertises us. Wise men get the most for their money. Wide awake as usual. Warm weather wearables at cold weather prices. We live through our customers and for them. Wet weather, winter women's wear. We please with these. We give facts and name the price — no time for foolishness. We give you your money's worth. We're surprised at these prices ourselves. What more can you ask, what more can we do ? We sell so as to sell again. Well made goods for critical buyers. We please particular people. 94 POWELL'S PRACTICAL ADVERTISER. We slice the price — not the quality. We don't give the most — we give the best. Winning prices. What we say is true, what we do is legitimate, — what we promise we fulfill. Wisdom leads the way. We return the money. Where'er it rains, they reign supreme. Where slender pocketbooks hold carnival. Wise readers never overlook our advertisements. We are tooting our horn — each toot is new. We excel in these. We do this for vou. We win success by deserving it. Well worth your while. When your ship comes in may be years — now is \uur opportunity. Women can scent bargains miles awav. We don't follow the leaders, we lead the followers. We're the best. We have an easy time pleasing customers. We wish to make your acquaintance. What you want you find here. When in doubt shop here. You see styles here that are different. You'll appreciate the goodness of these. Your gain — our loss. Yours for half. You're pleased with these. You are looking for just these bargains. You'll want them when you see them. Yours at your own price. You want quality — here it is. You want the best — come here. You are sure to be suited. Your ideas at your own prices. Yesterday's styles are not here — everything up-to-date. You want it right — you want it now. You'll never regret buying here. You want what we have. You need us and we need you. You can save by watching our advertisements. Zenith of bargain achievement. Zealous always to get the best. Zealous always for your interests. Zenith of bargain giving. Zero weather, but hot bargains. Zealous to retain your friendship. Management of Retail and Local Advertising Advertisinii as an Investment, Effect of Larfie Space, Makind Bargains, What the Unchanged Ad. is Worth, Buyinfi Bulk Space, Dailies vs. Weeklies, Honesty, etc. When a business man has saved a certain amount from his profits he generally tries to invest it so that it will earn more profit — and often fails. Thousands of merchants ail over America, who have everything to gain by properly adver- tising their businesses, rush into Wall Street or "invest" their surplus cash in wild-cat schemes, that have scarcely one winning chance in a thousand. The police records of every transparent get-rich-quick swindle invariably reveal the stupendous stupidity and cupidity of business and professional men from coast to coast. One would naturally suppose that a man with brains enough to enable him to become suc- cessful in trade, would appreciate the fact that specific knowledge and experience have just as much to do with his rise as intellect and push. Yet he plunges into side schemes entirely outside his field of knowledge, and runs grave chances of ruining his real business. When will the business man, especially the retailer, learn how to invest his surplus, large or small, so that it will double his volume of trade? The answer: shortly after he begins to advertise systematically, and finds out that small space actually does return a profit. No greater fallacy exists to day than the oft-repeated theory that it takes a fortune to adver- tise and that small space doesn't pay even when the copy is properly prepared. Let us see. A hatter and furnisher decides to try advertising as a means of increasing sales, and he con- cludes to start in with a two-inch ad. to be run daily. Presuming there are two good papers in the city worth using, and the rate is say five cents a line in each, this would make twenty -eight lines in both cost |2.8o per day, or $72.80 per month of twenty-six days. Now add for one new drawing and etching, say $1.50, and the total is brought up to $4.30 per day or $1 1 1.80 per month. If the copy is original and good, the profit on new business will show up without fail. And it will not be diflicult to determine results, either, after such a campaign has been running two or three months. But remember that the offerings, and special sales of the honest dealer who is an experienced advertiser, will attract more buyers than the new advertiser's small space. Naturally the inexperienced advertiser will say, "$4.30 a day means that 1 must sell about 1 10 or $12 worth of goods extra just to pay for the ad. I hardly believe it possible." Look at the matter this way: the whole community has been reading your ads. for some time, but possibly trade has not shown any marvelous increase to date. Two months have gone by — and the advertiser is anxious. That very day a gentleman drops in and buys a $30 outfit. The next day the advertiser adds two more permanent customers, and so it goes, until in the course of a year or two larger quarters are needed. A trifle more than I300.00 started a new era, and thereafter it is merely a case of keeping up the advertising, with such enlargements as experimentation proves wise. Let it be distinctly understood that there is no rule as to space, and I only suggest the possibility of the minimum two inches, and I would prefer this to twelve inches once a week. By a plan as just suggested it is always possible to keep within your limits and avoid large losses. It would most likely be a bad bargain if only followed for a week or so, since large ads. 96 POWELL'S PRACTICAL ADVERTISER. overshadow the little ones, and the true value of the latter is apparent only after the buying public has been educated to look, for them. As to the maximum space, the only guide is common sense, plus some experiment. For example, the hatter and furnisher would hardly require ten inches regularly for the good reason that the proposition is not sufficiently extensive. An occasional use of this space for particularly attractive bargains would undoubtedly pay, but Rogers, Peet & Co., New York, whose style is fully illustrated in this book, rarely exceed six inches, the average being considerably less. The department store can, of course, run the largest ads., owing to the many departments, each of which is a complete store in itself. For the small retailer, with only one or two propo- sitions, to go in for big space by over-display and padded text matter is worse than folly. Note the number of inches a department store devotes to each division, and a fairly good guide will be discovered. By allowing a little more for illustration and heading, perhaps, the settlement of the space question is practically easy. Gambling is reduced to a minimum. Effect of Lar^e Space. One result of big copy is the apparent prosperity of the advertiser, and the world always takes off its hat to success. A half page or page, when there is sufficient good material to fill it, has a sledge-hammer effisct that is desirable in special sales. This "brute force," however, costs money, and it carries great execution when the new store opens up — and can properly fill space with something besides wind. What the Unchanded Ad. is Worth. When I first began teaching advertising by correspondence I enrolled as a student a whole- sale and retail bookseller and stationer in a small city of New York State, whose retail business had been long established. He had been running a four-inch ad. in both local dailies and changed copy weekly. I immediately advised him to prepare new copy every day, and had quite a time getting him to do it. It cost a trifle more to adverrise this way; he was too busy at that time to devote the necessary rime, etc. At last he gave in and agreed to follow my instructions for one month, and I told him that if he didn't find a decided gain that I would never say a word in explanation. At the end of the month he wrote me : "I wouldn't go back to my old method for any- thing." As a matter of fact, his daily change of copy brought plenty of new trade. Why ? Simply because he offered six times as many things as formerly. Plain enough, isn't it ? Pin this to your memory. People don't want to read the same thing every day, and therefore, the unchanged ad. is worth only a third or a quarter of the brand new one. If you can't spend the rime or don't know how, hire a competent ad. writer, or quit complaining that advertising doesn't pay. Honesty In AdvertisinfS. It is an axiom that the dealer who will lie in his ads. will cheat his customers when he can. No retailer has permanency assured if he doesn't live up to his announcements. His local repu- tation is practically his all. Buying Bulk Space. Years ago it was customary for the retailer to contract with publishers for so much space to be used daily, every other day or weekly — an inflexible agreement to run so many lines or inches regularly. To-day the large advertisers in local papers contract for bulk space to be used at will during a year's rime, such as 10,000 lines, 1,000 inches, etc. This enables the advertiser to run a three-inch copy to-day, ten inches to-morrow, and so on. The plan is good and preferable to any other, although most publishers in small cities charge more for bulk space than for specified MANAGEMENT OF RETAIL AND LOCAL ADVERTISING. 97 space and days. Were all to drop out in hot weather and jump in with big copy at other rimes, the publisher would have to materially reduce his pages during the lull and double or quadruple when advertising boomed. For this reason an extra rate is frequent on bulk space. Metro- politan publishers seldom discriminate in this way. As to any rule, each advertiser must be governed according to publisher's rules. A jeweler might find two inches plenty, and it would therefore be impossible for him to wisely contract for variable space. Making Bargain Prices. I have been asked hundreds of times this question: "How can any store find enough genuine bargains to fill large daily ads.?" Look over the average department store announcement and it is bargain, bargain, bargain. How, indeed, is this really possible? The analysis: department stores as a rule undersell the single line dealers. They don't always have the identical article, which may be a trade-mark product and proof against cut-rates, but for everything there is something about as good that can be sold at a reduction. The depart- ment store merely gives its price and compares it with "regular value." One large store that maintains the highest standard of honesty, fair dealing and truthfulness, sometimes engineers a big sale in this way : a lot of new goods are marked up to the highest notch any dealer would have the nerve to ask : a few days later everything is "cut" for the big sale. Really the buyers get no very wonderful bargain, but they do get value, and know it. But why not originally mark the goods at the fair price instead of jockeying ? Why, simply because there would then be no occasion for the big ad., and people have the Yankee trading insrinct so strong that they fairly dote on those bargain opportunities. The pace has been set, and woe to the advertiser who follows lines and methods too Puritanical. Again, the big store doesn't want to sell everything on a rock-bottom scale. Daily vs. Weekly Papers. I don't affirm that a daily is six times as valuable as a weekly, but it is certain that the former which carries the message every morning or evening is indispensable to large trade, and the daily rate is usually nearly twice as cheap as the weekly rate. This more than off-sets the short life of the daily. In small towns the retailer can only use the weekly, and he ought to patronize it liberally. My advice is to use both mediums when advisable, but always the daily first. I do not approve of running "every-other-day" advertising for the dealer with a store full of things the public will buy. The more store news the better within proper limits. There may be exceptions, of course. A hatter, who sells practically nothing else, may find every other day, or twice a week enough. I also want to add right here that no other form of local advertising is equal to good news- papers. Circulars, novelties, etc., have their use, but the newspaper is the one medium that towers above everything combined. Weather Effects. Large advertisers when about to run unusually big space, arrange with publishers to substitute small copy if the weather bureau reports that come in late at night indicate a stormy morrow. This saves many a loss, since a sale is unlikely to be a success in rainy weather. An umbrella ad. might be more effective. Box for Suggestions. Large stores will find a centrally located box for receiving suggestions from employes a valuable institution, as it will keep the advertising interest alive. Offer $1 for every error of any kind found in an ad.; also offer prizes for the best feasible ideas that can be utilized either in store management or in the advertising. ( Special Drive Sales With one-half the bread winners of America Earninfi about $600.00 a year, the success of the Bargain A A A A Sale is easily accounted for A A A A Special Sales throughout the year are money-bringers if properly conducted. The large advertiser can use special illustrations to good advantage, and borders made up with regard to the event will be of more than passing interest. The small space user, too, can head his little four- inch single column ad. with a catchy, appropriate illustration, and he will get credit for his smartness. In retail merchandising, especially in the cities, department stores inaugurate every year a series of sales which shoppers have come to look for as regular events. Among these are the White Sale, Furniture Sale, &c. These specific names indicate the character of the sale and on many accounts are better than mere general sale, the title of which alone may not carry much strength. The Anniversary Sale is generally a winner, as patrons have come to look upon it as a time for extra generosity on the part of the firm — a sort of thanksgiving, as it were, that they are alive and prosperous through the kind patronage of the good public. "^ The success of the Special Sale rests in no small degree upon the penny-saving propensities of humanity, as we are a nation of bargain hunters. Add to this the fact that one-half the popu- lation of the country earns according to statistics only about ^600.00 a year and the attraction of the " Bargain " will be more thoroughly appreciated. Almost every locality, too, has one or more events of public importance, worth incorporating in advertising, such as the firemen's parade, county fair, laying of corner stone, etc. Don't forget to get the artist busy in your behalf, and give him plenty of time. As to the particular goods to advertise, the dealer needs little advice, because he knows what he can offer at special prices, and what will be appreciated. Of course, no "Sale" can be made effective without the "Money-saving" possibilities. All special sales should be advertised a day or so ahead, and until it is over, don't break the interest with other things. The ad. writer should co-operate with the window dresser, and he should also furnish good, catchy copy for window cards, which may either be printed or painted. Then, too, the buyer is an important fellow at this time. He is equally interested, and can offer suggestions for the event as a whole. It would also be a good plan to have a printed slip enclosed in the pay envelope soliciting new ideas from employes. Offer a dollar for each one that is used. Even a new boy might stumble across something of value, but the main thing is to get every employe thinking, and the store can well afford to pay for that general interest. It creates team work. The White Sale. Directly following the New Year comes the great "White Sale," an event looked forward to by every money saving woman, who finds in it a chance to save labor as well as dollars. The head of the "under muslins" has been preparing for it for months. Factories from Maine to California have been running overtime to produce the tremendous array of garments that await the buyers on the opening day. The first announcement is generally in the Sunday papers, as much as a page frequently being SPECIAL DRIVE SALES. 99 given to the specializing of the various bargains in the giant aggregation. A bewildering sea of whiteness meets the Monday morning money saver. What awaits her is not the result of sweat shop labor, as many think, but the true exemplification of what buying in quantity can do both on the part of the manufacturer and the head of the underwear department as well. It is not an array of fake fascination — the garments are well and generously made; the styles are the latest, and the prices the lowest. Is it any wonder that the needle and the sewing machine are relegated to second place in the home and that women everywhere look forward to "The Great White Sale" as the event that is a real definition of the word " Bargain?" January Mark Down Sale. "The White Sale" is the leader for January, but there also occurs an event of almost equal importance in this month. It goes under several names — "Pre-lnventory" and "Mark Down Sales" being the two most widely known. First the left-over holiday merchandise has to be moved to make all room possible for the White Goods, and the later consignments of Spring mer- chandise. Sometimes this sale continues almost until February with alluring announcements of special offerings that keep the public keyed up to the buying stage. Of course, it means constant hammering in the newspapers — almost daily announcements of the great money-saving chances the sale affords. The ad. man is frequently put to it rather severely to find forcible and expres- sive language sufficiently varied to meet each day's requirements, but if he is there with the goods — the store will not be long there with the goods, an anomaly that the merchant is bound to appreciate. February General Sales. February is a great month in which to pound on prices and liberally advertise masculine and feminine garments, push reductions, have sales in silks, dress goods and dress fabrics of all kinds — prepare sales of books, notions, house furnishings, blankets, underwear, hosiery, gloves, etc., and an earnest effort is made about this time to effect a clearance on all winter goods, for the new spring styles will soon show themselves. Lincoln's Birthday Special Sales. On this occasion there is a great chance for the sale of flags and souvenir cards and literature on the life of the Great Emancipator of the Slaves. As it is generally regarded as a holiday there can be held out special inducements in the way of general bargains, the department stores being always open, while the great world of bankers, brokers, and office employes are out that day to shop. To them advertisements should be especially addressed. Washington's Birthday Special Sales. Again the sales of flags and bunting make a prominent display feature. In the confectionery department specials should be advertised in the way of candy boxes bearing small hatchets, bunches of cherries and other symbolical ideas. In the picture section, portraits of Washington can be specially advertised. In books — "The Life of Washington," of course, would be given prominence. In fact the merchant must be ever alert to the suggestiveness of both local and national happenings as they bear upon his particular business. Valentine's Day Sales. Between Lincoln's Birthday and Washington's Birthday comes the 14th of February — the date filled with sentiment and romance but also of commercial value as far as the merchant is concerned. 100 POWELL'S PRACTICAL ADVERTISER. Suppose he is a confectioner — look at his chance — heart-shaped boxes advertised at attractive prices — heart-shaped bon bons — sugar Cupids, etc. In the department store the special ads. dwell on favors for the day — Valentines in the book department and a general inducement in enticing print to mark St. Valentine's Day, through pur- chases at the particular store. Sales for March. March is really the herald of May and the early summer offerings. At this time often when blizzards are raging the windows blossom forth with new dress goods and millinery. The fortunates who go South in the early spring are always glad to buy the advanced styles, while the world of women at large almost unanimously believe in buying when stocks are freshest and most complete. It is on this account that the newspapers are sought to dilate on special offerings in organdies and other diaphanous fabrics at the very time the furriers are trying to get rid of their stock, eloquently dwelling on the fact that there are many days of winter still to come when furs will be acceptable. St. Patrick's Day Specials. This is not altogether commercially strong, but it counts as a factor in general popularity. The store that gives specials on green ribbons, that has shamrock brooches at 17c., or can furnish green boxes for bon bons, new prices on green feathers or shirt waists, is going to win out on the day of all days for the Irish contingent. If there is a grocery department connected with the establishment or a special grocer wishes to make a hit — Irish Whiskey for the 17th at reduced prices will mean new customers for the coming year. April Special Sales. These are usually made interesting to housewives — offerings of carpets, furniture and home fittings generally at attractive prices to appeal are made to those who are in the throes of Spring house cleaning and refurnishing. Other April sales are held on Spring garments for men, youths and boys as well as women and children. Groceries get a special boom at this season as the fresh Spring vegetables can be written up in a style to woo the jaded appetite, tired of winter canned goods. Easter Special Sales. The ad. man has a rare chance here to offer such bargains in millinery and Spring attire as are certain to be in demand for the notable event in the fashion calendar. In connection with this comes the gift question, as Easter ranks almost on the same plane with Christmas as far as the exchange of presents is concerned. Naturally there are manv special sales that can be arranged for this season. Small novelties particularly, as well as prayer books and special literature of a religious character. The Sales of May. It may seem a little late for the Spring overcoat or suit, but many a man who has worn his winter rig at Easter feels in duty bound to buy something new by the first of May. Consequently in this month the ad. man offers special inducements in these garments that can do summer service as well. Negligee shirts should get a boost at this time and trunks, dress suit cases and the other paraphernalia of outing come in for their bow to the waiting public, for certainly the great majority of wage earning purchasers do wait for these opportunities, to get what they need at the price they desire. SPECIAL DRIVE SALES. 101 With the trees sending forth tender green leaves, of course the automobilist waxes enthusi- astic over the pleasure to be derived from his " machine," and thus the advertising columns burst forth with specials not only concerning the cars themselves, but automobile "get up" in general. All dealers who sell goods of a sporting and outing character put in their best eflforts all through this month. The shoe dealer looks to the future and exploits a few striking bargains in oxfords and tans — no page ads., but the chatty four and six-inch single columns that talk right to the point and right from the shoulder. The hardware man is not to be left behind. It is a month of upheaval and removal in the domestic world and there are many articles the hardware man can supply for this month's special needs. Mattings, remnants in carpets, special offerings of upholstery and furniture will always appeal to the housewife who notes the worn spots and wants to refreshen at the smallest possible expenditure. Decoration Day Offerings. This is the first real holiday of the summer and there is always a grand rush for the country, consequently everything needed for the outing is oflfered at specially enticing prices. The florist oflFers plants in profusion for the decoration of the graves of those to whom Memorial Day is dedicated. Flags and bunting, of course, figure largely in these offerings. There is no hurrah about it, as pleasure is of the subdued rather than the uproarious character on this day when the dead and the living occupy public thought and attention on equal terms. Fourth of July Boom. Outing goods and firecrackers hold sway in the ads. of this great Day of Independence. Small and large cannon, every conceivable thing that goes off with a bang, flags and fancies appropriate for the occasion, are pushed forward prominently. Picnic dainties specially priced are offered by the grocery department, bon bon boxes representing giant firecrackers decorate the counters of the candy section. Red, white and blue ribbon is seen everywhere. It is hurrah! from start to finish — for now summer selling has really begun in earnest. Mid-Summer Advertising* Following Fourth of July, there is usually a lull and it is just at this time that the ad. writer must be especially alert. Because a great majority of the people are out of town is no reason why those left in the burning city should not be attracted by specious reasoning and money saving offers to swell the aisles the same as during the holiday rush. By good advertising the summer sojourners at sea-side and mountain resorts can be made to swell the mail order contingent to such an extent that their absence from the city would not be known were it not for the address accompanying the liberal orders that come in after the appearance of each well arranged and skilfully presented combination of goods and prices. During the summer, the special sale of straw hats is one of its best features. You can keep a sale of this kind running for a week or so with frequent change of copy. Endeavor particularly in summer to inject life and crispness into all your ads. Make them as varied as possible — variety is the spice of advertising life. When the straw hats have been exhausted you can take up crash suits, light coats and vests, and a general outpouring of shirt waists. You will find that women are ever ready to buy shirt- waists and at mid-summer when their supply is either depleted or unsatisfactory, they are eager to get bargains in that most popular woman's garment. Many concerns who find that the "Sale of Manufacturer's Stocks" and other similar worn out devices do not bring as much as they desire, resort to schemes to advertise their particular 102 POWELL'S PRACTICAL ADVERTISER. i I store. Sometimes they offer with every sale of clothing and furnishings a ticket for ten per cent. of the sale, good in any department. They also give large umbrellas to drivers and the transfer agents at such sections of the city where persons change from one line of cars to another; of course these umbrellas bear the advertisement of the firm. Other concerns give away fans and some even go so far as to offer dishes of ice cream with every purchase of a dollar or more. The value of a cool store in summer cannot be overestimated. This fact should be brought out prominently in the daily advertising, and you will find it one of the strongest of summer arguments. August Furniture Sale. Dealing in futures — anticipating the winter needs of the home, the furniture buyers plan all the year round for the great August Furniture Sale. It has of late years become one of the greatest trade events in the annals of the big department stores. Acres of floor space are devoted to it and there is a prolonged splurge in advertising. Full and even two page ads. appear both Sunday and daily. Artists are required to get up their most striking illustrative headings and the inducement of free storage until needed. is par- ticularly featured in connection with the really wonderful bargains offered. This sale lasts generally three weeks. The ads. must be varied — new inducements offered and a continual harping on the fact that new supplies arriving constantly keep the assortment up to the unbroken standard of the day of opening. Toward the end even these bargains are cut sharply and it rarely happens that there are enough pieces left over to materially increase the regular stock. The money-saving chances are made too strong to permit this. But it is a time of prolonged strain for the ad. man, for failure would, of course, be laid at his door, though success is generally accredited to the buyer. Labor-Day Preparations. As the last holiday of the summer approaches special eflTort is put forth to induce buyers to freshen up their wardrobes for the over Sunday and Monday jaunt. Cameras are also offered to lure the tourist away for a day with Nature and a chance to have the souvenirs of summer pleasure to brighten the winter home. Though this is not an event in the trade world as important as some other holidays, it is well to put forth definite eflTort to catch the dollar of the wage earners who make this day the round-up of summer fun before settling down to winter work. Autumn Advertisin|{. The very first breath of Autumn means activity in the large stores. The ad. writer now gives special thought to Autumn Merchandise in every style, and he immediately plans for a fall advertising campaign, which in reality he has laid out several weeks in advance of its actual commencement. There is, of course, the desire to out-do last year's records, and special thought must be given not only to the language, display and general efl^ectiveness of the ad. itself, but also to such attractive window display and interior arrangement of the store as will draw trade. The mail order department should give special attention to booklets, circulars and catalogues attractively printed and illustrated. Everything that is required for winter should be ofl^ered at this time.; special sales of fall overcoats and suits for men come in on the reduction scale. There is the argument that room must be made for winter goods, consequently bargains in mid-season wear, furniture and household goods are excellent sellers in October. The grocery SPECIAL DRIVE SALES. 103 store or department ought to do well at this time. It is a season of activity and one of the busiest times of the year for the progressive ad. writer. Hallowe'en Happenings. Generally a special ad. is prepared for this occasion, though it is not a large one — announce- ments featured in the regular store news. Every year favors for various festivals are turned out in quantity, and these novelties are always eagerly sought by those who take advantage of every special day of the year to celebrate appropriately. Thanks^ivinfi Offerings. It is to the palate more than to the person that Thanksgiving special sales are directed. Prifnarily the grocery and butcher's section come out strong with specials for the table ; the wine and liquor department, of course, offering the best inducements possible. Turkey rules as the bargain oflfering in the butcher's realm ; every seasonable eatable is featured. The windows show family groups at the Thanksgiving dinner. It is to be a day of feasting ; prepare for it ! China, linen, glass and silverware also come in for their share in the general price cutting. Even Thanksgiving furniture gets a boom, and clothing for once takes second place. Holiday Advertisinf^. December — This is the holiday month. The month when gift-giving occupies the thought of everyone, rich or poor. The whole world is intent upon buying, and it is the merchant's harvest as well as the ad. writer's greatest stunt. From December first until about the tenth, buying is slow. It should be stimulated with logical advertising. The specious reasoning that dwells upon the advantage of shopping before the rush begins should be the keynote of every ad. at the beginning of December. The best point in Christmas advertising is to dwell upon the utilitarian character of the great majority of goods offered at this season. The public has been educated to believe that useful gifts are the best. Many people do not know what they want — help them out. Suggest in your advertising that for the baby there is such and such an appropriate gift, for the boy something particular in a certain line of goods, for the girl a list of articles such as young girls like, for the young woman an assortment among which she will surely find something she fancies, and so on up to the grandparents, catering to the individual tastes and helping bewildered mortals in their selections. Though this is a century of " know it alls," the good old fiction of Santa Claus can be utilized to advantage in Christmas advertising. There are stores which pay hundreds of dollars at the Christmas period for the construction of a giant Santa Claus to please the children, and who pay generous weekly sums to individuals willing to represent the jolly old saint for the benefit of the children, who look forward to the holiday features of the big department stores and who naturally lure their parents to the places where these exhibits are given gratis. All advertising at any season does not stop at the newspapers ; it may travel through every legitimate path — with posters, window display, counter displays and special arrangements on the interiors particularly for department stores. Premiums for Catching Trade m Showing what others have found as enticing as molasses or fly paper, but with benefit si A i^ to both buyer and seller AAA # The premium plan will never wear out. Every generation appreciates the getting of some- thing for nothing, even though every man, woman and school child in an advanced grade knows that no tradesman actually gives value without there is something back of it. There is a charm about a free present, too, that does not obtain in the mere saving of dollars and cents. It seems to be understood that the up-to-date merchant has to get down to bed rock prices at certain times when drives and special sales are on, but he is not expected as a matter of course to give presents unless he wishes to. More than that, it is not possible to give premiums and presents as a continuous perform- ance, or as frequently as the flourishing department store offers bargains. This is one reason, therefore, why the present is so thoroughly appreciated when it is offered. The vital principle is really this: if you decide to allow the customer a special discount of say 20 per cent, in order to move a large stock of goods, you can make it look like 40 or 50 per cent. by selling at the usual price and using the 20 per cent, in purchasing premiums. Thus a dollar's worth of discount will buy at wholesale about $2.50 worth of watches or silverware, and sometimes more. The tendency has been, in many cases, to offer a 60-cent nickel watch — really a cheap clock affair — with say every sale of boys' suits at ^5.00, and considerable discredit therefore attaches to all similar sales. For this reason, far better results will be found by investing about $1.25 in a good gold plated watch that has a fair watch movement and will give much better satisfaction. Of course there is no set rule for premium giving, and in the following pages will be found many valuable suggestions that others have adopted with success. As a rule it makes little difference as to what business you find using premiums. They can be utilized by about every line of trade. Books and Magazines. One Year's Free Subscription of one fashion paper with another of greater price and prominence. Two Handsomely Framed Pictures for five new sub- scribers to a magazine. Trips to Europe — Pull College Course — A Journey to the World's Fair — all specimens of offers given by a well known publication to the boy selling the greatest number of papers weekly. Book of 15 pages of Illustrations from Original Photo- graphs in Cuba and Hawaii, and also our great warships, to every purchaser in the book and stationers' department, no matter how small the purchase. With Each Christmas Number of Collier's— free copy of Christmas Munsey's, Pearson's, McClure's, Cosmo- politan, Leslie's, The Strand, or Everybody's. Pencil Case with every pocket dictionary. Engraving of Prominent Author with every set of works by standard writers. Glass Inkstand with Silver Top with subscription to twelve volumes of Dickens. 104 Butchers. Three Thousand Pounds of Chickens among the poor. A Bunch of Celery with every chicken weighing three pounds or over. Ciiiars. Lighter with every box of fifty. Free Gilt Monograms on cigarettes ordered by the thousand. Briarwood Pipe with every purchase of tobacco. Nickel Cigar Cutter with box of fifty 5c. cigars. Clothing. Pair of Boxing Gloves with every boy's suit. Box of Crayon Pencils with every boy's suit. Golf Cap with suits over five dollars. Silk Muffler with man's twenty dollar overcoat. Four Dollar Watch with every boy's suit. Bathing Shoes with every bathing suit bought on a cer- tain day. PREMIUMS FOR CATCHING TRADE. 105 Sweater accompanying each |[ 15.00 suit. Extra Trousers with all suits bought in special five day sale. Ten Dollars in Gold for five best essays on " Marvels " clothing. Prize Packages containing coupons for clothing given with every five dollar purchase. A Flowering Plant with every suit bought the Saturday before Easter. Pocket Memorandum to every purchaser of clothing to the amount of five dollars. Bow and Arrow with every boy's overcoat. Nickel Bank with every boy's suit. Clothes Brushes to every adult purchaser of ten dollars worth of clothing. Necktie with every outing flannel suit. Tennis Racquet with every outing suit. Cash Prizes to the first ten customers or discounts on purchases. Air Rifles with evexy youth's suit at $12.50 — for one day only. Three Hundred Jumpers thrown from roof of factory — one garment every minute for five hours. A Sled with every $5 boy's suit. A Hat with every suit or overcoat. A Gloria Umbrella with every $ \ o overcoat. A Dress Suit Case with every serge suit. Canvas Shoes with every white outing flannel suit. At Thanksgiving and Christmas a Turkey with every suit of clothing. Confectionery. Small Metal Curio with each pound box of bon bons. Pocket Mirror and Bon Bon Box with five pound box of best mixture. Bon Bon Tongs with every one pound box of sixty cent confections. Credit. Free House Rent for One Month on purchase of $150 worth of goods — ten dollars down. Marble Clock with fifty dollar order — five dollars down. Set of China — 5 7 pieces, with order for furnishing a four room flat. Mattress Worth $8.00 on a hundred dollar purchase. Dry Goods. Free Cutting and Fitting if goods are bought at a certain dry goods store. Gold Stick Pins with dress waist patterns. Belt Buckle with two dollar purchase of dress materials. A Silk Belt with every $1.98 shirt waist. A Pair of Gloves with silk dress pattern. Department Store. Entire Proceeds of Soda Fountain to most popular hospital — vote with every check. Concerts and Vaudeville Entertainments — performers receiving up in the hundreds for services. Electrical Devices and Giant Santa Clans at Christmas, distributing thousands of dollars worth of toys and candy. Dolls and Toys. l4irge Set of Pictures with every 50c. purchase of toy* or dolls. Large Doll with every fifty cent purchase. Dru^s. Bunches of Fresh Violets with every purchase of violet face powder. Com Knife with 25 coupons from boxes of corn plasters. Chamois Sachet Bag with purchase of 50 cents or over. Pair of Rubber Gloves with ten dollar purchase of bath materials. Cash Prizes for Solution of Rebus, contestants to pur- chase bottle of a certain toilet cream. A Package of Violet Talcum with every purchase of rubber goods. Free Specimens of Perfume to introduce a new odor. A Nursing Bottle to every mother buying a kind of infant's food. A Tube of Tooth Paste with every purchase of a tooth brush costing 25c. A Bottle of Bay Rum in fancy holder with every dollar purchase. Furniture. Sofa Cushion with every $ 1 o couch. Work Basket with every $5 work table. Picture in Gilt Frame — worth $1.50 with every set of furniture of three pieces. Coupon for Drawing Contest for piano on every furniture purchase of $10. Set of Dickens' Works with book case — costing $20 or over. Down Comfortable with every purchase of mattress over $8.00. Opal Glass Ljmp with every parlor suit of tapestry ur velour in value over J50.00. Oriental Rug with bedroom set costing $25 or over. Oak Rocker with $10 purchase — rocker worth $2. Lemonade Set with every $ i o dining table during special seven day sale. Coupons on Horse and Carriage with each 1^50 purchase, paid cash down. Four Prizes on best acrostic on the word " Furniture " — prizes to be ^10, $5, $^ and $2. General. Box of Pencils with every lunch basket or dollar pur- chase of school supplies. Cash Prizes for nearest guess to number of beads in a glass jar, coupons given with every fifty cent purchase. Number of guesses not restricted. Linen Centre Piece with every dollar purchase of house- hold goods. Free Soda Water to children purchasing school supplies. Gold Watch to person buying the largest amount of goods during a period of six months. Watch not to be less than ;^ioo in value. A Doll Free with every dollar purchase. Four Dozen Clothes Pins with every sale of goods amounting to 25c. or over. 106 POWELL'S PRACTICAL ADVERTISER. Free Ice Cream with every purchase of fifty cents or over. Coal Ranf e to any one guessing nearest number of beans in jar of general store window. Indiaa Head Match Receiver with every purchase of a dollar or over. Groceries. Decorated China Dish with every package of cereals. Small China Ornament with a pound of sixty cent tea. Canary Bird in Cage with each bag of " Millbaugh's" flour. Silver Plated Spoon with every pound of baking powder. Coupons found in boxes of cereals, bearing letters of the name of the cereal, entitle holder of complete set to gilt parlor chair. Full Set of Dishes for fifty coupons of gelatine. Coupons attached only to lo cent sizes. Bottle of Pickles with every purchase of catsup of the same brand. Package of Figs to every purchaser of one dollar's worth of groceries at Christmas. Cash Prizes for best loaves of bread from certain makes of flour. Free Cooking Demonstration and Samples of various products. Glassware and Crockery with purchases of fifty cents in sugar, tea or coffee. A Child's Chair, a lO-quart Dishpan, a Coal Hod, a Steamer or a 10-quart Galvanized Pail with one pound of 50 or 60 cent tea or two pounds of 25, 30 or 35 cent coffee. One Gilt Engraved TnmUer with Every 50c. Purchase of Groceries — two with a dollar, and so on. One Cup and Saucer with every pound of 25c. coffee — I lemonade set with two pounds of sixty cent tea. Large Bar of Laundry Soap with every dollar's worth of groceries. Two Shetland Ponies to two little girls clipping greatest number of ads. of a certain grocery store. Coupon for 56-piece Tea Set with every package of a certain breakfast food. A Coffee Pot with every pound of coffee. Five Pieces of Granite Ware with five pounds of 30c. coffee. A Rve Pound Chicken with a dollar's worth of groceries. Hats. Hat Bands in College Colors with each young man's straw hat. Hats not to cost less than $5. Hat Brush with owner's initials with every silk hat pur- chased on certain date. Palm Leaf Fan with Panama hat. Gilt Initials Free of Charge with every $2.50 Derby. Hard^vare. Preserving Kettle with purchase of $2.50 gas stove. Gas Stove with every $10.00 refrigerator bought between the first and fourth of July. Ten Quart Galvanized Dish Pan with every « Bissell " carpet sweeper. Sixty Feet of Clothes Line for purchasers of washboard or wringer. Book Strap with every pair of skates. One Box of Washing Powder for every purchase of dish- pan. $7.50 worth of Enameled Ware with every purchase of a range. Cup of Coffee and Biscuits with demonstration of gas stove. Hotels. Souvenir Postals to all guests bearing pictures of hotel and surroundings. Free Coach Transportation to points of interest. House Furnishings. Nickel Salt and Pepper Shaker with purchase of table linen. Market Basket with one dollar's worth of merchandise. Free Circus Tickets for $5 purchase of draperies. Hammock and Stretcher to purchaser of $10 worth of crockery. Set of Screens with full order of awnings for a six windowed house. Rose Bush with garden tools. Hand Painted Pin Cushion to women purchasing toilet set worth five dollars. Coupon Books for small pieces of furniture given with purchases of rugs and carpets. A Large Photo of a Famous Painting with every pur- chase of a mat. One Month's House Rent Free — nothing down — little a month — a liberal offer by a fiirniture house. A Hundred Dollars to Person Accosting a Pedestrian, showing copy of advertisement and asking " Are you the man with the hundred dollar bill ? " The one who strikes the right man gets the money. Of course the scheme is widely advertised before. Gold for Brains — $ 1 00 for best trade motto for a furni- ture store. Heating Stove Set Up Complete with every $400 house- hold outfit. Installments. Seventy-five Dollar Crib to woman making most words from letters in " Our Liberal Credit System." Diamond Ring for Child with |ioo purchase — fifteen dollar cash payment. Carving Set silver mounted, on $50 purchase — five dol- lar first payment and $ 1 per week. Jewelry. Silver Fern Dish for opening an account of $25. Gold Locket for most popular baby. No purchase nec- essary. Voting done by coupons cut from firm's *'ads." A Gold Watch or a Mantel Clock to person guessing near- est the time a certain special watch will run without winding. Laundry. Cash Disconat for entire family laundry — saving of at least a third. New Collar for every torn one. Darning and Mending Free — for bachelor patrons. Blotter in Shape of Cuff — given free — ad. on reverse side. PREMIUMS FOR CATCHING TRADE. 107 Liquors. Jug Free with every gallon of whiskey. Pints and Quarts of Sherry and Port, Christmas and New Year's, with every fifty cent purchase. A Fine Embossed Calendar with every quart of whiskey. Glass Decanter as Easter souvenir with every gallon of sherry, claret or port. Meat Markets. Five Dollars to person guessing nearest weight of pig shown in window. Quart of Cranberries with every turkey purchased the day before Cfuistmas. Men's Furnishings. Gold Collar Button with every dollar shirt. Pair of Aruy Brushes in ebony, with order of six cus- tom made shirts. Sleeve Links with every two dollar purchase. Coupons with every 25 cent purchase, entitling holder to chance in raffle fur fine silk umbrella. Millinery. A Pair of Gloves with every imported hat of 1^15 or over. Fancy Bib with every child's bonnet costing J 2 or over. Hats Trimmed Free of Charge if materials bought in store. An Ostrich Plume Worth S2 with every order of over $5, Doll with every child's hat. Doll's Hat with every purchase of baby's boimet. Sterling Silver Hatpin with every trimmed hat. Jewelled Hatpin with every five dollar trimmed hat sold, A Chiffon Ribbon Bordered Veil with every purchase amounting to jji.49 or over in millinery department. Veil not given unless customer presents keyword of the firm at the time of purchase. Music. Five Yards of Wide Ribbon with every guitar. Small Oak Stand or Table free with every zither. Strings Free for One Year on all high grade banjos. Newspapers. A Piano to Teacher securing greatest number of yearly subscriptions from pupils and others. Set of Shakespeare to person obtaining fifty yearly sub- scriptions. Desk Novelties with classified want "ads." Framed Picture of President Roosevelt on presentation of fifty coupons cut from a certain issue. Piano to Most Popular Young Woman — voting coupons must be cut from paper offering piano. Trips to Europe on same scheme of coupons, thus increas- ing circulation. Optical Goods. Free Examination and Prescriptions for a certain length of. time. Guarantee of Eyeglass Correction with every purchase of gold bowed spectacles or eyeglasses. Eyeglass Chain with five dollar lenses. Photoiiraphic Supplies. Free Development if camera is purchased of certain firm. Pocket Camera with every $5 purchase of supplies. Photographs. Enlarged Photo with every dozen of $3 photographs. Every Purchaser of One Dozen $4 Photographs a lac- quered gold frame with easel back. Pianos and Musical Instruments. A Trip to the St. Louis Fair — all expenses paid to per- son sending in name of any person who afterwards within six months buys a piano — no restriction on number of names offered. Nordica Appeared at Free Aeolian Concert. Tickets given to everyone personally applying for same. Railroads. Free Excursions to new towns owned by railroads in hope of booming them. Real Estate. House Built Free to first purchaser of lot in a new section. Five Hundred Dollars for suitable name for new town. Name to represent some special characteristic of location. Free Railroad Transportation on application to anyone interested in a new suburb. Twenty-five Dollars for best booklet on a new town to be boomed. Silverware. Set of Rogers Silver to first bride of New Year. Silver Cup for babies who accompany parents making purchases often dollars worth of silverware. Stationery. Die with every five quires of paper. Shoes. Free Hosiery with every shoe purchase. A Pair of High Grade Robbers with every shoe purchase of $2.50 or over. A Five Dollar Pair of Shoes to person guessing nearest the number of shoe buttons in large glass jar placed in window of store. Tagged Key with every dollar purchase. Keys were to unlock a box in window containing twenty dollars. On a certain date every customer was allowed to try his kev. Only three fitted. The first successful one received $10, the second $6 and the third $4. Preparation of Gen- eral Advertisements Definition, Danders, Ariiument, Dialot^ue Style, Serial Advertisements, Name Display, Borders and Special Designs, Ori^inatind Illustrations, = Use of Portraits, Etc. = The term "general" applies to advertising intended to cover the whole or a considerable portion of the country, and it is radically different from local advertising that only aims to interest the residents of the place where the paper is published, or the territory immediately adjoining. The general advertiser may also come under the mail order classification, but as the latter is just as separate and distinct as local advertising, I have treated it in a division by itself The earliest general advertisers were doubtless the pro- prietary medicine concerns, which flourished even before the Civil War period. Owing to the little competition at that time, small space and a style of copy that would now hasten the arrival of the red flag, served to build fortunes for those who had some available cash and plenty of brains and pluck. Later, other lines went in for general advertising, and to-day practically every industry from cereals to sporting goods is repre- sented, and its product sold by thousands of retailers in every state. The general advertiser employs for the most part the magazines and national weeklies, and he aims to present to the readers such arguments and convictions that they will respond by demanding the advertised goods of their dealers, and refuse substitutes. The retailer goes to his wholesaler, and the latter in turn sends his order direct to the manufacturer. Beyond question, this form of advertising is most treacher- ous. While under favorable conditions it will pay, and pay big, yet unlike the mail order advertiser, whose key system and direct dealing with customers insure absolute knowledge of conditions and results at all stages, the general or "publicity" advertiser is almost wholly in the dark from the start, and until such time as the jobbers' orders have placed the balance on the right side. This may take three months, a year or even more, depending largely on whether the product is a great novelty, a marvelous improvement readily shown in the advertising, etc., and whether there is great competition or none at all. The complexity of conditions of the average new product is such that any specific classification of rules would be harmful and misleading. What would benefit one might ruin another. I will therefore consider in this connection principles only. Take one line of business alone — druggists, 50,000 of them. It would seem as though a quarter-page ad. in many of the No changes. No uncertainties. Every loaf light moist delicious — K you want this certainty on baking day use only 1^: WASHBURN-CROSerS Gold Medal FLOUR The finest flour made Richest in nutriment Most economical 1. YUCO-the New Wheat Food —have you tried It? WHhburn-Crosby Company, Minneapolis,' Mina. Specimen No. 30. lOS PREPARATION OF GENERAL ADVERTISEMENTS. 109 ^^"' 1 Squills, Pills, or Muscle? PatibnT. — "Doctor, I still feel weak and played out. The tonic you gave me improved my appetite, but it hasn't stren^hened my body and muscles. I thought you said it would ' build me up'." Doctor. — " Certainly not ; you are mistaken. I said the tonic would give you a good appetite, but you must take exercise to make muscle. Nothing is equal to a bicycle for the daily constitutional, pro- viding you ride a machine like the Victor, which is undoubtedly the best. I have ridden one for the last two years, and know that it has more good points thau all others combined. I sold my horse yesterday. ' ' L OVERMAN WHEEL CO. BOSTON. WASHINGTON. DENVER. SAN FRANCISCO. Monopoly Broken. Passenger. — "Well. Longhour, you seem to be looking fresher lately— less careworn. Mother in- law been off and got married ? " Conductor. — "Not much ; she is different from most of 'em. Sweet as an angel. The fact is I don't have to work as hard as I did last winter. Just look at my freight — one girl, an old maid aunt, and four cripples. Ought to have thirty on this supper trip, but the cycle craze has ruined it. Twenty of my regular passengers have bought Victor bicycles and go to and from the city and Highlands twice a day, while this car goes empty. Victors are great hill climbers, or it wouldn't be so." OVERMAN WHEEL CO. BOSTON. WASHINGTON. DENVER. SAN FRANCISCO. Specimen No. 31. Specimen. No. 32. national publications ought to create a demand in several thousand of these stores, say one in ten. It is easy to hypnotize oneself with the idea that on say a dollar preparation giving the manu- facturer a profit of at least forty cents a bottle, and each dealer selling an average of one bottle per day, a gross profit of $2,000.00 per month can be realized on an advertising expenditure of a few hundred dollars. But alas, such results are not possible, neither are they obtainable in any line where the goods are not staple and salable to some extent even without advertising. Proprietary remedies can only be sold by the manufacturer first creating a large demand through extensive advertising, and by local introduction, while the corset manufacturer by a comparatively small advertising outlay in publications like the Ladies' Home Journal, Woman's Home Companion, Delineator, and some of the best national magazines, can aid his salesmen in selling dealers everywhere. The reason is this : the druggist has plenty of preparations of his own make for all diseases — no retailer makes corsets. There is never any steady demand for a certain remedy save by continuous advertising, and the druggist cannot afford to push it when he can make more on his own goods. More than that, he cannot sell much of any line without publicity. Corsets, on the other hand, are as staple as sugar, and the dealer who happens to buy an over supply can always get rid of any surplus stock without any loss. Specimen No. 33, 110 POWELL'S PRACTICAL ADVERTISER. Blackstone, Chitty, Victor, et al. Friend.— " Come, Webster, put up Blackstone and come to the ball game with me this afternoon. There's going to be a oig crowd, and it will do you good to get a little exercise." L.\WYER.— "No, thanks, Brown; I don't get a great many afternoons off, but when I do I spend it on the avenue with my new Victor Bicycle, for the benefit of my health as well as pleasure. You don't catch me jamming myself into a crowd of ball cranks and getting lamed up for a week. Better buy a Victor and complain less about stiff joints and weak ankles. Eh?" BOSTON. OVERMAN WHEEL CO. WASHINGTON. DENVER. SAN FRANCISCO. With this preliminary explanation, an ex- amination of standard general advertisement construction will be in order. Pure Publicity Advertisinti a Snare. The first common error is in supposing that the sole object of the general advertise- ment is to attract attention and impress people with the name of a given product. Years ago when there was but little general advertising the effect of an ad. constructed on the mere "publicity" line was from ten to a hundred times greater than is possible under present competition. Specimen No. ^^^ is a pure publicity effort, and a good one for an old advertiser, whose goods have been on the market for years. But for introductory purposes, it would ac- complish little. Even for such a product as Carter's Ink, this particular ad. is only worth a few insertions as a novelty. For the new ink, there must be a presenta- tion of facts which will interest, and convince ink consumers that it will give better satisfac- tion, insure permanency, etc. Thousands of dollars are constantly fooled away on ads. that illustrate no vital point, create no favorable im- pression nor give good reasons for patronage. Very often an advertiser will say, " I keep up a certain amount of advertising, and can see certain results — that which isn't noticeable I credit to pub- licity." Now all these "reminder" ads. which are mere pictures without chat or argument, may look pretty, but no new advertiser should waste a dollar on them, in publications. In street cars, a combination of colors in large space may be effective in keeping the name of a product alive after regular, argumentative periodical advertising has created a market. When I began advertising bicycles in the early days of the industry, I found only one manufacturer who employed an advertising man and made any at- tempt to advertise systematically. The other makers got along with an occasional change of copy that amounted to little. The leader just referred to, however, although doing his best to keep ahead, did not properly grasp the situation, and as a result his ads. were mere pictures of touring wheelmen, amid rustic scenes — no arguments. Specimen Xo. .34. While at this period people had to be educated not another special feature exitted in Victor Bicycles except the Victor Spring Fork, that alone would entitle us to the everlasting gtatitude of wheelmen who look for comfort as well as speed and durability. And if every rider understood its superiority it is probable that our two mammoth factories would have to be doubled, perhaps quadrupled, to meet the demand. As it is. we are working day and night : we arc cramped. Next year there's no telling what we may do for more room. Have you seen our '91 Victors ?— eight models in all OVERMAN WHEEL CO. ■orron. wMMiNoToi.. dinvih. (am riiAMcitce. Specimen No. 35. V PREPARATION OF GENERAL ADVERTISEMENTS. Ill to appreciate the great benefits of wheeling, yet, as I very quickly demonstrated, it was also possible to add good argument as to the superiority of the particular bicycle I was advertising. Eventually the older concern saw the necessity of adopting my ideas. And I want to add that the mere " publicity " effect of that original adver- tising probably cost the rival company several fortunes. Arciument in Advertisinfi. In commencing this talk I am going to refer to Automobile advertising, because it is " all the rage," and a live subject in- variably affords more interest than a dead one. To-day there are scores — maybe hun- dreds — of auto manufacturers, each striving tooth and nail to find buyers. To find them in large numbers, more or less ad- vertising in the national publications is necessary. An examination reveals a pe- culiar condition. These ads. instead of attempting to educate the readers on the many points of superiority — real or claimed A. 6. SPAL0IN6 & BROS., Special Ag»nti, This is the wheel that hy done more for perfect bicycling than any other. The tramp of tired feet grows fainter and fainter — the tramp of progress both faster and easier — mostly on Victors. You must come to it finally — why not now ? Have a Victor catalog J Specimen No. 37. :^w?mw?wmn?mi^ It is no longer a question of desir- ability — that of cycling. The real point at issue is "which bicycle is best?" And the answer? Victors : first in tires and improve- ments. OVERMAN WHEEL CO. BOSTON. WASHINCTOM. DENVER. •AN FRANCIteO. Specimen No. 36. — are for the most part mere cuts of cars, with price, and possibly some catch phrase or hot air that con- vinces no one. Now read specimen No. 44, and see what pos- sibilities are within the grasp of one who knows how to write good copy. And when it comes to the question of springs in an auto, there isn't the slightest doubt about the Winton receiving the credit for having the best. This advertising will do vastly more than give publicity — it will carry conviction and sell the most goods. No matter what the article is, it must have selling points, and these should be brought out in the ads. Advertising is salesmanship, pure and simple. Imagine a salesman calling on the trade and merely dumping on the counter a sample or photograph with the statement "it sells like wildfire," or "we have four U2 POWELL'S PRACTICAL ADVERTISER. I Y^le Oil is the greatest external and internal remedy known to the science of Pharmacy. It is superior to liniments and Jamaica Ginger, and will cure where all others fail. Absolute in Chronic Diarrhoea, Asiatic Cholera, Cholera Morbus, Cholera Infantum, Dysentery and all Summer Complaints. Works wonders in Rheumatism, Neuralgia, Sprains, Spinal Troubles, Toothache, Chilblains, etc. Price 50 cents. Specimen No. 38, For Sprains Specimen No. 39. styles — each a leader in its class," etc. No, such a drummer would be fired in short order, because he couldn't earn his salt. Well, fortunes are squandered on advertising that has nothing to recommend it to readers. While a single ad. cannot tell the whole story, it can tell a little each time, or inspire new confidence by a well written style, where there are few real points to argue, and thereby gain the public con- fidence. In the argumentative group specimen No. 2 5 touches upon an important feature in combination with the "eye blazer" effect, and I believe this was the first black background of its kind to appear in the magazines, occupying a full page. Specimen No. 48 is also a direct argument, since any exclusive improvement that reduces tire terrors must appeal to every wheelman. This ad. in its original form occupied both single and double columns in daily papers. The imprints are omitted in the majority of specimens, as they are of small importance. I admonish the ad. writer to lose no time in getting possession of all the facts connected with a given product. Classify them and prepare many announcements, each exploiting but one point. Follow this by combining two or more, and practice the introductory feature. Specimen No. 45 is practically all introductory — hot air — and was use- ful in a series of daily paper ads. after its predeces- sors had hammered out all the superior points. This effort could be joined with the text in speci- men No. 48, with good effect. Study these features and work along the right lines. Specimens Nos. 30, 42 and 43 show how at tractive designs may be combined with argument and made interesting. The repetition of "Yuco" in No. 42 seems unnecessary and reveals too much anxiety to impress the name. To do this effectively simply have the artist draw the one at top nearly twice as large, and dispense with the bottom name, even though a slightly different arrangement is adopted. Specimen No. 43 is particularly good, since its theme is cost saving, and this always appeals to the majority of housekeepers. Don't use trade marks or other undecipherable coats of arms in ads., save in rare instances, and never as the leading feature. PREPARATION OF GENERAL ADVERTISEMENTS. 113 ?y??t???^ m m! £ Fulton built the "original" American steamboat, but the Hudson River floating palaces of to-day are immeasurably superior. Being first in a field may make a reputation tor a day — perhaps a year — buL of value no longer than true merit survives. Leadership means superiority, oldest" or "original" American bicycles — they are Fulton built the "original" Ar Motor Victors are not the simply the best bicycles. Why? Because no others are made so well ; because no others are equal in tires, spring forks and general improvements; because Victors make the pace ^a^^^- ^^ ~— m — — — — in advanced construction and have more valuable ^^ points than all other bicycles combined. Shall we send you a catalog? OVERMAN WHEEL CO. Bicycles t^ BOSTON. WASMINOTON. DENVER. SAN FRANCISCO. ^iiiiiiiiiiiiUiiiii sc Specimen No. 40 (Double Border EfTect). The Dialogue Style. A pleasing variation from the usual effort is shown in specimens Nos. 31, 32 and known as the " Dialogue Style," which ordinarily denotes an artificial or imaginary conversation, gen- erally between two persons. It is useful chiefly where solid argument has had its innings for some time and a change is wanted. It is not particularly good for a new proposition, when the public is in ignorance of the product. There should, of course, be some moral con- nected, and argument as to superiority can be in- troduced. ___ 1 'fl'l/i Serial Advertisements. Two styles are represented under this division — one good, the other bad. The first is a series of ads., each complete in itself, but making the illustrative feature appeal to a different class of con- sumers while retaining the chief characteristics of the " idea." The second is a series that keeps the public guessing until the last complete ad. is published. Specimen No. 41. 34, and is Tbr Sore Muscles 114 POWELL'S PRACTICAL ADVERTISER. J^^P'aII Round )^ Wheat Food ^ Different from any other ce- real food, in flavor, prepara- tion and uses. For break- fast, for dinner, for supper — for every meal and every day. There is a new way to pre- pare it each time— dishes that will satisfy the old folks and delight the children. The recipe book which accompanies'each two pound package tells you of its uses. If your grocer does not keep it send us his name and we will-wnte you where it can be procured. Prepared by the WASHBURN. CROSBY CO. Minneapolis, Minn., makers of the famous Gold Medal FLOoa. ^How Many How many cups of flour do you use in a batch of bread? How many cups to a^ loaf? No matter how jour recipe reads use one-fifth more water when you use Gold Medal Flour. You'll secure better results and more bread. It's an established fact that Gold Medal Flour makes from 40 to 60 more loaves to the barrel than ordinary flour and over 20 loaves more than the highest-priced flour on the market The average is forty loaves. Forty loaves at five cents each means $2.cx} a barrel saved by the use of WASHBURN, CROSBY'S Gold Medal FLOUR Take this into consideration when you buy flour. Then remember that Gold Medal Flour is made from the best Spring wheat grown in the finest wheat growing district in the World, and con- tains more nutritive value than any other flour milled- There isn't a question as to which flour the careful housewife will use if she stops to think. Gold Medal Flour is milled to meet the needs of thinking housewives. WA5HBURN. CROSBY CO., MinneapoiU, Minn '"W'l t.)iiii//.; C. C. BUSE, Buffalo, Distributing Agent for Cold Medal Flour. Specimen No. 42. Specimen "So. 43. Specimens Nos. 38, 39 and 41 show how effective the right idea can be made in serial order, and I doubt whether these Yale Oil ads. have ever been equalled. The text matter is given only with the first one, and it is probably unnecessary to say that the others originally were complete in this respect. A portrait and testi- monial could also be added with telling effect. I recall a series of blind ads. that appeared in Boston dailies many years ago, and regret I did not preserve them as models to avoid. It took five days to develop the word Ozone, begin- ning with the letter O, followed the second day by Oz, and so on. The letters came up from behind a hill, about as the sun rises above the horizon. Advertising is too important and costs too much cash to be made a puzzle. People are too busy to bother about what is coming, and at best an effort of this kind can only be called " pub- PREPARATION OF GENERAL ADVERTISEMENTS. 115 Why Winton Twin=Springs Save Tires. A PNEUMATIC TIRE is just a sensitive Spring. Its compressed air cushion responds to a thousand minor vibrations that never reach the Steel Car- riage Springs. And every vibration is a Bounce, in miniature. There are just so many Bounces in the life of any Pneumatic Tire. You may therefore figure Tire-cost at so much per bounce. And, that cost is tremendously high when compared with the cost, per bounce, of Spring Steel. But, the regular steel springs on Motor-Cars are too stiff to do the work of Pneumatic Tires. Because, these steel springs must be made stron g enough to receive the hardest shocks, with the heaviest loads. Thus they cannot be made light enough— sensitive enough— to relieve the Tires of the^million minor bounces per hour. And so, the Pneumatic Tires must do 90 per cent, of the springing. That's why they wear out, and are such an expensive item in the year's running. That's why the Twi n-Springs of the " 1905 Winton " were invented and patented. Because, each of the four Winton Springs is really two springs in one, or eight springs on each carriage. Note that the car-body, and the Motor, ride (in the Winton) on the thin steel of the upper springs. These upper springs are so sensitive that they respond even quicker than the Tires to slight vibrations, and minor shocks. Thus they do most of the "spring" work before the Pneumatic Tires can do it. In this way they relieve the Tires of about two-thirds the Bouncing that wears them out. Figure that out in dollars and cents and you'll see its importance. But these sensitive springs would be impracticable on a car without the Winton auxiliary springs, v/hich are shackled^nearh them for emergency work. When running over rough roads, or with heavy loads, the sensitive upper springs receive the support of the lower springs "every time the Car bounces over a railway track, or over a "thank-ye-mum." These auxiliary springs then come into action only when needed7~relieving the Tires of their severest work and their most destructive strain. Consider what these Winton Twin-Springs mean to the life of the Motor, as well as to the wear of the Tires. "Consider thiTdouble comfort they give in riding over average country roads. Consider the greater speed you can drive a Winton at, when you know that the Motor, Tires and Passengers are insured against jar, by these compensating springs. No other Car can use these Twin-Springs. Because they are an exclusive and patented Winton feature. There are seven other features as exclusive as these sensitive springs, in "The Winton of 1905." Drop us a line to-day and let us tell you about them. THE WINTON MOTOR CARRIAGE CO. Cleveland, Ohio. Specimen No. 44. Hcity," since the merits of the article can only be made known by open methods. Life is too short to waste a day, and good direct advertising will drown every vague effort. Name Display. One of the best features for the new general advertiser to adopt is name prominence, which calls for special display-lettered titles. Specimens Nos. 35. 37» 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 45, etc., show the idea. Each name is pen lettered by the artist, to give that individuality not quite possible by standard display type. Nos. 30 and 43 may be compared in this respect. Practically the title or name in Nos. 40, 45 and 47 is now the Powell Series, but when I had the original drawn nearly fourteen years ago, there was nothing like it. Many shoe, piano, and other manufacturers who advertise largely adopt a certain name style for the product and never use anything else. This is particularly good at the beginning of a campaign, but I see no reason for its slavish use. Indeed, variety is restful, and the single idea can be carried too far. When I prepared the Yale Oil series years ago, I utilized the large Y scheme merely long enough to show the various uses. The same general instructions I have men- tioned in retail advertising display apply in general ad. work. Don't use a display line that has no application. Borders and Special Designs. General advertising is not as a rule watched with such interest as local advertising. The latter is news that absolutely concerns the whole com- munity, while the general ad. usually has to force itself upon an unwilling or unconcerned public. This, then, calls for the "eye blazer," the " attention-arresting " ad. that stands out like a sore thumb and intrudes its proposition. As certain lines of general advertising become fixed and stand- ard, it is less and less necessary to resort to un- usually black effects. A beaurifully proportioned advertising design, having well-developed symmetry and a catchy illustrative idea, will always command attention, which in turn practically insures the read- ing of the text matter. I advocate the use of special drawings em- bodying good advertising ideas, but I cannot too 116 POWELL'S PRACTICAL ADVERTISER. -> Victor Bicycles No need to remind you that cycling is the grandest, most exhilarating, most healthful sport in the world. Less need of saying that Victor Bicycles lead. It s a long established fact, known wherever cyclmg is known strongly condemn a mere black patch because some " psychologist " thinks this better than type. Always seek contrast in design, and very often the display lines can be type in connection with a good illustration. Originating Illustrative Ideas. Many years ago I was engaged to prepare a full page ad. for a leading soap, to be inserted in a woman's publication of the Ladies' Home Journal class. Something was wanted to emphasize the superiority of this particular soap as a promoter of the quick, easy wash. This is what I produced — -from Maine to Cahfornia, Canada to an illustration occupying two-thirds of the page, and showing the back yard of a city house, with a wash woman carrying a basket of dirty clothes to the tub. I paved the yard with cakes of the soap instead of brick, and had the title " B 's Soap - _— . - ^ TN xv Paves the Way to An Easy Wash." About a ^VmA \\T^^*mtA Do you move With r i ■ 1 nC W OriCl it? Are you satis- quarter of the page was given up to text matter in Mexico. A catalog at your service. Specimen No. 45. Moves fied to move along as your grandfathers did be- fore you ; patient and plod- ding, so long as you get there sometime ? If you are going to win you must be awake ; you must "get there" the short way. A bicycle will help you. There are bicycles of every degree — good, fair, bad. We talk only of the best —VICTOR. Made of the finest materials/ by skilled mechanics, in the largest and best appointed bicycle plant in America. Do you want an art catalog telling all about it ? Overman Wheel Co. Bacton. Washington. Denver. San FranciKo. Specimen No. 46. 1 8 point Old Style. The illustrative ideas as shown in Specimens Nos. 15 to 19 are not suitable for general adver- tising, as they are semi-humorous and only avail- able among home people. Specimen No. 36 shows a " refreshing " idea, and I have already referred to the attractiveness of No. ;^2- Use the product in producing the illustrative idea if possible, and many further good examples will be seen in later chapters. Try to hit the mark instead of avoiding it. Use of Portraits. I have often been asked if the use of the ad- vertiser's portrait is good. It depends. If the business is of a professional nature, yes — otherwise, no. True, Gov. Douglass gained notoriety in this way in connection with his I3 shoe, but he began at a time when Lydia E. Pinkham was about the only other individual resorting to this style. A face that lacks character or looks like a thug is about the poorest thing possible. Practical Suddestions. The beginner who undertakes to prepare general advertisements is usually required to originate and lay out a well balanced combination of illustration and text, in which the former is really the first consideration, since the article to be advertised ought to stand out plainly and arrest the attention of readers who are likely to be interested. This calls for a different plan than is followed in retail work, as there is usually much less space at the writer's disposal, and much less to be said in the text matter, especially in quarter-page and smaller magazine ads. This is also true to a great extent in dailies and weeklies, although the cheaper rate here permits the display PREPARATION OF GENERAL ADVERTISEMENTS. 117 than is deemed of the general ad. in larger space wise in the monthly publication. But as stated, the first consideration of the general ad. should be design and illustration. Sup- pose we have a quarter-page magazine ad. to prepare for garters. Instead of merely showing a cut of the article, let us devote say 2}i inches depth and full width to an illustration of a pair of legs from below the knee, one sock held by the garter and the other ^^ ^jj^ ^^^ ^^^^ ^'Jl without, badly sagging. This leaves 1^x2^^^ inches for text, and the name would look well in a Qj^^Qy \llQ 3.11(1 loOK special pen-lettered design, as " Hold-up Garters." ^ /- < ■•' -» In a 2-inch ad. a good effect could be produced by better, 1661 DCtter, WOfk showing one leg only, with the garter occupying Victor Bicycles Ride a Victor and better. Specimen Xo. 47. 15^ inch in width by 2 inches depth, leaving about 1 3/8 inch by 2 inches for text, which would call for a good name display and a couple of para- graphs in about 8 point Roman. A mere enumera- tion of points is about all that such a limited space can take care of. If the garters have been advertised some time, then a variation could be adopted by having a four or five-line paragraph in large text type, something after the style in specimen No, 6, but with the name well displayed above the text. From this learn to apportion the illustration and design according to the space, and so as to get the biggest show, not forgetting to leave room enough to tell something that will influence the prospective customer. As space increases there can be more text matter proportionately. Take life insurance adver- tising — that badly abused branch for which large sums are annually wasted for printing the veriest tommy rot that couldn't possibly interest anyone. J| Y'OUr tlHie IS WOrtll Almost any insurance ad. will do for examination, -^ ^ , < . . . excepting those of the Penn Mutual of Philadelphia, anything, thlS IS impOr- which certainly argue more in two inches than others do in a page. One casualty company ad. tant. now before me takes a half page to display the name in ordinary type, give a list of officers, and display the titles of nine forms of insurance dealt in. Then follows in 8 point text a lot of dope talk about assets, confidence, reserves, etc: Now wonderful opportunities await the insurance company that gives Specimen No. 48. a brief primary lesson in each ad., and in such a chatty way that thousands will send for booklets telling the whole story, and these in turn should be as interesting as the real estate booklet reproduced in this work. Say something vital and say it interestingly. Look over good specialty ads. and note the real points brought out ; also note vital omissions. Five Minutes For Repairs. Tlie Victor Pneumatic Tire kas tke only inner tube wkick can be re- moved, m case oi punc- ture, and a new one in- serted in five minutes. Management of General Advertising Vital Factors, How to Start the Gampaiiin, Value of a Proprietary or Trade Name, Prices and Dis- counts, Salesmanship and Advertisinii, Local Introduction, Etc. == In starting a new advertising campaign to cover the country it will be well to bear in mind these cardinal factors : First, mere merit alone will not sell goods or gain a national reputation, hence the adver- tising appropriation cannot be curtailed on the strength of virtue. Second, the product must have a proprietary name or trade-mark for protection. Third, the proposition should be made attractive to retailers and jobbers. Fourth, sufficient time must be allowed for the advertising to take effect. Fifth, the selling plan must be comprehensive and support the advertising. Sixth, salesmen should be employed, instead of waiting for the trade to send in orders. Seventh, certain staple articles of daily consumption will achieve quicker success through moderate magazine and national periodical advertising, and immediately supplemented by local advertising and demonstration, taking section by section. Eighth, the trade should receive advertising matter, prices, etc., shortly after the general advertising starts. Ninth, the advertisements should when possible aim to get requests for catalogs and booklets. Tenth, the entire campaign should be thoroughly laid out from start to finish — both adver- tising and salesmanship — before a dollar is expended on publicity. I assume as a matter of course that the manufacturer or dealer who is about to explore new fields has already solved the question of production, cost and profit; and that he has sufficient capital for the new venture, if conducted on rational lines. One more important fact should be stated before proceeding further — well advertised products possessing merit will command from 25 per cent, to j^H P^"" ^^^^' better trade prices than un- advertiscd articles. Another fact — consignments of advertised goods to retailers, to be paid for when sold, almost invariably defeat the purpose and result in loss. And as a parting admonition before going further, I want to advise the supplying of the retail trade through the regular jobbing or wholesale houses who will take advantage of all cash dis- counts and thus insure the advertiser against losses and retail conditions, the existence of which he can know little about. How to Start the Gampaiiin. First determine how extensive the operations are to be; whether a lump sum, say $25,000 or 150,000, is to be devoted to a year's advertising, or whether a few hundred dollars for three or four months only are to be experimented with. Consult some advertising agent of high standing and get his advice as to mediums, size of space, cost, etc. His commissions from publishers are generally sufficient, so that the advertiser is seldom asked to pay more than publisher's regular rates. After a definite, final plan is once agreed on, don't continually tinker and alter it. Of course, this calls for a very thorough analysis of the whole matter, and there should be no undue haste. It doesn't pay to go much by theory unless there is common sense and, if possible, some 118 MANAGEMENT OF GENERAL ADVERTISING. 119 precedent, to insure success. Get at every vital fact connected with competitors— their prices and discounts, their methods of distribution, etc. Take as little for granted as possible, and when you have everything in hand, go ahead and don't allow anything to deter you from carrying out your plans. Don't get nervous and over-anxious, and expect immediate results. As I have said, the manufacturer of staples need not spend large sums in national advertis- ing, if he will be content to let them prove in a small way the percentage of possibilities. Large campaigns for new advertisers ought, in almost any event, only to follow moderate advertising effort. Say a manufacturer introduces a new specialty; he can take from four to eight inches space in the Ladies' Home Journal and have his salesmen show the ads. to retailers. • This is an old plan, and generally wins if the article comes in the standard necessity class, which precludes loss if the advertising fails to convert consumers. As substantial progress is made more space can be taken, and the wisdom of keeping down this expense until the greater part of the trade has been interested, will be apparent. Value of a Proprietary Name or Trade Mark. I was once consulted by the president of a large New Jersey rubber company, who explained that they did a large business, yet the net profits were scarcely more than five per cent. It was the old story of manufacturing almost every conceivable specialty for jobbers and others who advertised under protected names and thus reaped the big harvest. He admitted the folly of his course, and desired advice for the purpose of creating their own specialties. Many others having complete plants are similarly situated, and it seems strange that they do not make the most of possibilities. Cutting out the big profits of the middlemen is getting to be the order of the day, and good advertising is the surest factor in the operation if properly undertaken. Again, a soap manufacturer who wanted to put up his finest brand under a trade name was willing to spend ^50,000 in advertising if he could be sure of making as much profit the first year. It did not occur to him that getting his money back in this time would be pretty fair progress, and that if by the end of the second year he could again turn over this advertising capital and make say ten per cent, on the investment, his business would readily sell for a big bonus. In a few more years he ought to retire very rich if so inclined, for once a staple gets m a position whereby it can spend fortunes in yearly advertising it is a bonanza. If the $50,000 comes back in a year, and 1 100,000 is put into advertising the next year, and so until the limit is reached, it is plain that even without dividends the enterprise is intrinsically worth "as an established business" at least double the annual advertising appropriation. Were the promoter foolish enough, he could, after three or four years' publicity, stop all advertising and hoard up about as much as he had spent for it. Sales would not diminish much for a year, only a fair shrinkage would occur in the second, and even in after years the product would undoubtedly pay as a permanent business, although in vastly reduced volume. The point is this : it is possible to make a proprietary or trade mark name worth more than the total advertising investment represents. There are to-day hundreds of semi-idle manufacturing plants that only need the magic touch of modern advertising to set every wheel turning and double and quadruple profits. Some naturally belong in the regular field, while others can reap fortunes through mail order merchan- dising and selling direct from factory to family. And in this connection I have often thought that I would ask nothing better than a chance to get hold of just such a proposition, and I feel very certain that it would pay better than a gold mine, for the opportunities are great — and what's more, certain. 120 POWELL'S PRACTICAL ADVERTISER. Forcioii a New Market by Local Introduction. Food products and other articles of rapid consumption can often be made profit makers in the shortest time through local newspaper advertising and store demonstrations. This method is pretty well understood, and only a few general hints are in order at this time. Contracts for space should be in bulk, say 5000 to 10,000 lines or the equivalent, to be used in one year. The first ads. announcing the demonstration should be large and striking, with illustrations. Suppose bulk contracts with two good dailies in an enterprising city amount to $1000.00, assuming of course that these practically cover the entire local field. It should be a jobbing center for quick distribution to retailers. Inside often days one salesman could probably cover the entire trade and be through, ready for the next place. Get every retailer to make a good window display and give him an extra discount for quantity. If the regular trade discount is a third, make it say 40 per cent, for a I50 order, or even more. But confine this proposition to the one time that marks the boom or introduction. Remember, too, that every retailer, like the druggist, is not your friend until he has your goods on hand. Take the retailer's order to the jobber, and arrange for the latter to allow the special intro- ductory rate in addition to his usual commission. Don't waste time or money on any wholesaler in hope of overstocking him. He has been there before. If he has turned over to him a hundred dollars' worth of orders, undoubtedly he will buy some extra goods on so good a showing, but the main eflfort must be with the retailer after the advertising has created a demand. The whole country can be covered in this way, and if good men are employed enough boom sales can often be created to show a quick profit on the advertising. But better still, the great work of fixing the trade will have been accomplished. A normal use of the remaining space after the boom will make it certain that no local demand will be unsupplied. Concentration of effort is necessary. A common fatal error is best illustrated by a certain new baking powder that began advertising a few years ago in New York dailies, without using enough space or having a comprehensive selling plan. To move New York City alone calls for perhaps $50,000 in advertising, which should be along most original lines, and totally diflferent from the style adopted, which was scarcely more than " publicity " or name prominence. A quarter page in three or four leading magazines gives some national reputation, and helps the local introductions. The baking powder in question scattered its daily paper advertising in many cities and did not succeed in converting any single community or in making both ends meet. The best plan always is to begin in a small jobbing centre where from $1,000.00 to $2,000.00 will give exactly the same extensive advertising as $50,000.00 would in New York City. Then if any plans need altering, the preliminary losses will be but trifling. Hammer the big centres only after experiment has proven successful. If the capital is large enough it is best to open New York, Chicago and other centres as soon as permanent methods have been secured. The big city dailies circulate outside to a great extent, so that in addition to working the immediate local field, the ads. are sent to distant places, and when these smaller centres are boomed in turn, they will respond more quickly because of this "slop over" adver- tising from the big city dailies. Just what particular products can best employ this plan it will be unwise to specify. I should advocate some careful figuring. How many packages, boxes or bottles must be sold to get back suflicient profit to pay for the introductory advertising? How many retailers.? — then eliminate from your calculation from 20 per cent, to 30 per cent, of them as too one-horse to take an extra discount on a good thing. MANAGEMENT OF GENERAL ADVERTISING. 121 Now assume that the local introduction, requiring two weeks, costs $800.00 including adver- tising and two salesmen. On an article selling at ten cents — a food product for example— it follows that from 10,000 to 20,000 packages would have to be sold to cover expenses, and unless there were a hundred active retailers who would each buy a gross after a lively demand started, it would be almost impossible to leave the city even or ahead of the game. With an article of this kind it should not merely be the aim to make a profit or even expenses on the introduction, for when the entire retail trade is supplied and is co-operating, the main work is completed, and moderate local advertising thereafter will keep the goods moving. The vital thing is the fixing of the retailer so the advertising will not be weakened. Food products, medicines and similar articles of general daily use can often make a profit on the boom, as will be apparent in the department on medical advertising. Corsets, dry goods specialties, etc., cannot expect it, and of course the amount of advertising should be regulated accordingly. In the introduction of flavoring extracts it generally pays to sample, but it is expensive to send canvassers to each home and secure an audience with the lady of the house. Much valuable time is thus consumed, and it is such a prolonged eflxjrt that no salesman could wait in the field long enough to receive any benefit as far as a quick demand is concerned. The better way is to sample from a given point or points — say from every store that will buy an assorted gross of the various flavors — and confine the free event to the one day or days. Leaving samples with stores is undignified and hurtful in more ways than one. The local introduction should aim to wake up the entire population in the shortest possible time, and I cannot conceive of any line possessing real merit that testimonials will not benefit. About the only rule as to which lines will stand heavy advertising is this : if practically everybody can use the goods that very day, then pounding space may win, but if the buyers must first wear out something similar, then booming may fail. We can instantly eat anything that we fancy — we cannot throw away a good pair of shoes. Prices and Discounts. One of the present largest department stores in Philadelphia began by oflTering merchandise at actual cost, and this shows the value of price saving. To divert trade from competitors and get it working for you is worth a good deal ; therefore the giving of an extra discount on a new boom is wise. But give it where it will do the most good — to the retailer. The jobber will naturally take all you ofl^er him, but the very nature of his business precludes his giving any great surplus of eflTort to any single product. Be as liberal with the middleman as any one in your line and then devote your attention to creating the demand and making things interesting for the retailer. Salesmanship with Advertisinii. Get good salesmen to work with the advertising. In opening new centres much depends on their ability as hustlers and talkers. Put the best one in charge and hold him to account. A mere receiver of orders is about as useless as can be imagined. The real salesman enters into the spirit of the thing with vigor and vim. He feels his responsibility, and knows that if he makes a record there's big money for him somewhere, because the world is always on the lookout for selling brains. One of the best salesmen I ever saw left a $2 5-a-week job to conduct local invasions for a new specialty, and he soon demonstrated that he could induce the trade to multiply their orders by ten where the proposition and advertising are attractive. Another drawing $75 weekly proved a complete failure. The local introduction method requires making friends quickly, and grass must not grow under the salesman's feet. Mail Order Advertising A Magnitude of Mail Trade, General Principles, Publications, Keyed ▲ ^Sjf Ads., Sample Copy Circulation, Ai^ents, Ai^ents* Letters, Schemes, ^3Sf A A A A A A A Space Limitations. A A A A A A A Mail order advertisers are divided into two classes : First, manufacturers or dealers who reach the people living almost exclusively in country villages, farming and remote settlements, where the advantages of department and other large stores cannot be obtained. Second, department stores having mail departments and manufacturers of higher priced articles that appeal to the readers of magazines and National weeklies. The first class advertise almost exclusively in the strict mail order papers, such as Comfort, the Vickery & Hill List, Woman's Magazine, Hearthstone, Paragon Monthly, Metropolitan and Rural Home and others which circulate almost wholly in the country districts. These papers usually have enormous circulations, from 50,000 to 1,500,000, and owing to their comparatively inexpensive make-up and printing, they are able to offer subscriptions at the lowest price, varying anywhere from ten cents to fifty cents a year. The advertising rates are correspondingly low. - Practically the only difference between the country and city mail trade lies in the fact that the latter is appealed to in a more dignified manner; the offerings are for the most part the best of their kind, and are sold at higher prices. Much of the magazine mail order advertising, too, is not for exclusive mail trade, as these advertisers also frequently sell through stores or their own branches. For practical purposes, however, the mail order principle is always the same, but the reaching after the country buyer being at the present time a hundred times more important and extensive than the efforts to secure his city cousin, it will be best to analyze those conditions that apply more specifically to the former. And, moreover, it must be borne in mind that the standard magazine advertiser who seeks mail buyers is at best only following the general law — the offering of merchandise that is better or more extensive than the line carried by the !i W^^^\ »JiSi»&'fcSSSr^.J5S average local store. For example, certain mail order fiirni- S ^^F SSJ-taSJ'StartSiWB! ture houses make and sell ten times as many up-to-date J^ #OtlO eOLD WATCH. i r patterns as can be found on the floors of even the largest stores. This multiplicity on the part of the manufacturer enables him to take the lead, because people have become educated to ordering by mail to such an extent that they no longer hesitate, provided the advertised goods are proper- ly illustrated and described. Tits IS rmiii FREE lorraaMdlH. 8«ad«aTMtf ) tmtk MUrwi and va wiU . ro« tour boxes of Dr. Bt» ■mm tt tT mmM « kos aai M for tRi T^Mim ' 1 'nr • ' "T rr MHi inn are an old and raUabia iMOnma and -woi prwamt •1000. IN CASM to aoraaa wh» i majcmm , tkM wr do *ot do aa «« My. Our Pills are ireod leUar* aad w« are ansknu to l» vodnortlMai in «Ter7 boBM. aamatasr vkat ttcoaCsaft GOLD WATCM ?!■"■*■•»• co«Dcr te Btnt ^••^M^SOUB aoL» HuS O!* !»«»»" law. AMSUCAll ■ovm!is.aiiiT.^iII;4ttkM k*>ui>nn«as. w«ri.«ik M< tf M* or ^mvmt mOIh if pbM* «r o wMlk eXACTTf AS DCSCKIBID W rfc. •»• B>a Mr t«lck M«k *» (In LB nxuEZD cmif. tinTTt TO AM Lu>ia' « onrrt arnu.' Specimen No. 49. The Maiinitude of Mail Tradinii. Few realize the enormous development of the standard mail order business, by which is meant the selling of house- hold and other goods that are a part of our every-day existence. From small beginnings such houses as Sears, Roe- buck & Co., Montgomery, Ward & Co., and John M. Smyth & Co., all of Chicago, have grown and expanded until each ua MAIL ORDER ADVERTISING. 123 now does an annual business running into millions of dollars. Other large mail concerns every- where also do an enormous business, but Chicago is pre-eminently the greatest center on earth in this particular line. And as the free rural delivery system continues to expand opportunities for more and more mail order trading will add to the number of advertisers. The large mail order advertiser looks for steady trade, once he has made an initial sale. The idea that "a sucker is born every minute" and that one order from each is enough, is entirely wrong as regards big results, and any enterprise organized with that idea in view will assuredly be short lived. But of "schemes" more will be said later. Take the average Sears, Roebuck ad. for analysis, and it will be seen that a sewing machine, for example, is offered at a wonderfully low price, say $5 as in Specimen No. 50. Yet there is no fake about it. Of course you cannot expect to get a $75.00 Singer, but you are sure to get a bargain. How is it possible? Why, because this great concern controls the output of an entire sewing machine factory, and consequently it is able to sell at a wholesale rate direct to the con- sumer, and still make a fair profit. Then jot down on the credit side of the ledger the profits on future sales, for the thousand- page catalog sent each buyer covers almost everything from garden seeds and stable equipments to household goods and portable houses. This company provides for every phase of life — from infancy to old age, including a suitable headstone when life's work is over. This getting down to hard pan in the matter of production and price puts the great mail order advertiser in touch with every part of the country, for variety and price-saving never grow stale and uninteresting. Where Failure Results. A certain Chicago advertiser a few years ago offered a salt and pepper shaker at 25 cents, and it certainly was more than the money's worth. Here is a pit-fall for the new mail order adver- tiser, who doesn't understand the principle. As a matter of fact it cost this concern more than it received for the goods, but it was good judgment to lose a few cents per order the first time, for the sake of getting thousands of satisfied buyers who would come again by ordering from a very complete silverware catalog. No easier way than this to prove that value is given. Indeed, there isn't much chance for low priced articles as advertising propositions, unless a more or less complete line of other things besides what is advertised is carried. Novelties alone, from ten cents up, cannot as a rule be made to pay the cost of advertising, say nothing of cost of goods or profit. The medical advertiser who offers his preparation by mail at a popular price and without the help of stores or agents, is a sure loser. The best method in this kind of advertising is to advertise free samples, and if properly done the replies will cost from twenty cents to forty cents each. The average will be not far from twenty-five cents. Now about one in five or six will order a "treatment" at say $3.00 each, and a little figuring will show the profit. If I5.00 is asked the percentage of buyers will naturally decrease, and it depends on the kind of medicine as to how much can be asked. To demand I3.00 for a liver treatment is absurd, when every drug store sells good liver pills for less than twenty cents. Neither wguld a cold cure be a proper selection, but a treatment of say three bottles of Rheumatism Cure at a dollar each in connection with a couple of bottles of oil or rheumatic liniment, the whole to sell at I5.00 and last a month, would seem reasonable, since this disorder is far more serious than any minor ailment. It may be set down as a fairly good rule that any proposition calling for less than |2.oo will not pay unless there is something else to secure future sales. A man recently sought my advice about putting several hundred dollars into advertising a 25-cent game, which was not on sale at stores, and it didn't take long to show him how easy it would be to lose his money. Free samples bring more replies than any other form of advertising, yet they seldom average less than twenty-five cents, and generally more. 124 POWELL'S PRACTICAL ADVERTISER. ^35Bi5Sr- Of course, a wonderful novelty might bring marvelous results, but regular merchandise will not. For those who wish to test a new thing at a small cost, the only way is to select a good representative publication and run an ad. measuring from seven to fourteen lines. A few dollars will tell the story. Keyed Advertisements. The mail order advertiser cannot afford to guess very much as to which publications do and do not pay. For this reason the keyed ad. is universally used. One method is to give a different street number to each paper if the business is in a small place, and it doesn't matter whether there are any street numbers or not. Another way, if located in a building known to the post office, is to give each ad. a different room or suite number. Every publication is therefore properly credited. Some advertisers put jokers in their ads. that are hardly noticeable even to the expert, but the direct methods just mendoned are good ones to follow. About Sample Copy Circulation. The postal authorities permit publishers to mail their publications at pound rates to as many names as there are paid subscribers. This is a good thing for the true mail order publisher, who is thereby enabled to make his paper pay his adver- tisers better than would be possible with a steady subscription list alone. When a solicitor tells you that his publication, if a mail order sheet, goes only to "paid subscribers" he shows lamentable ignor- ance. The sample copy value is realized by a little investigation. Say the publisher has a couple of columns of cheap jewelry advertising, the same of medical and so on. Now by renting several thous- and letters— answers to advertisers' ads. in various other publications, classified in accordance with requirements — it follows that more people will be interested than is otherwise possible. It isn't hard to understand that if 10,000 people have replied to jewelry and novelty ads. they must necessarily be in the market for such merchandise. ^ The magazine or high class publisher cannot afford to mail such a large proportion of free copies, consequently it is more difficult for his publication to give this class of advertisers the best results. Moreover, most of the cheap mail ads, are not particulariy desired except in the strict mail order papers, and only rural circulation is likely to return a profit. Selling Through Agents. Replies to a regular agent's ad., measuring from a few lines to an inch, generally cost about 50c. each in good mail order papers. The circular letters and circulars sent in response should aim to sell several dollars' worth of goods at agents* prices. With a good salable line, a profitable business can eventually be built up. Many houses have thousands of local agents and make PRICE EXPLAINED TRATEO haraMi, ha*, kacn wMMy m&tmrtt»»*. BowMwUiK mmchlnes can be olfered at ttaas. prices and wny wc can ••II M.. MIOMEST SKAOe S«*ln« MMktaaa matf. !• tb« warM at maph lowar prtcaa than anr other boaae Is all fully explained In avr new MC fraa Special Sewlna HacMn. Catala««e. Cut thia advertisement outaod send Ittooaaad too wUIr«celve, bj retominall. free, pastpald ear ■*•« Ma trap Sawing Machine CathtogMa. show- lag the moat compleie omorctoenc of the high. •rt graga Sawing Machlaca mage in the warM. all shown la larm handaoroe hairiooe and col- ored IDustmtlnna. fall desert [Itlons and all priced at prices mach lower than any other houje can possibly make. With the Dig Prea sSiSirS'JS?-^].'**"^'^*'^ ?<*" "TOMISHIHOUY LIBERAL S^^K •""*• •"*"■ <^ver heard Of. a new and marvelous prasMlHen m^u^il^^^^H.""^ '^*^^ ma. hines at gxOO to *X.K> and ^yw.V« ee at much laver prkcee than all ethers will be fully exDUined W^ «?LL SSrT'^.!5^/J^£ '"■"'*" '•h»"r« oo Terr low (nen tTBotetai) YOU Siia^SJ.?"?-^"" ""••- o'^'t. sure AND l»»0»rrMLWcRT ^ ti^riV^MKUT '^iiPy'S!^'^^^^ sewing •..h.n. OfHr. SEARS, ROEBUCK & COa. C HICAGO. ILLINOIS. Specimen No. 60. MAIL ORDER ADVERTISING. 125 fortunes annually, but the building up of this system means years of good work and up-to-date methods. Those who contemplate entering this field should answer practically all the ads. in mail order papers that are in the proposed line. Get a thorough ^^^^3Cj^^^H«i^jn^Oj22i2SL^Mj knowledge of what competitors are doing, and try to do as well in every way without copying. Agents* Letters. One very peculiar condition exists regarding medical agents — the straight agents' ad. seldom pays. Prospective agents, for some reason not well understood, prefer anything to medicines, which ac- counts for so few ads. calling for this class of workers. Some of the largest medicine houses do no periodical advertising at all, but secure agents by renting regular agents' letters and mailing their propositions direct. One New York company has over 50,000 medical agents secured by circular- izing nearly a million names a year. The value of these letters varies, but if they are not more than a year old, from two to four per cent, secure agents. Agents' letters are usually bought by letter brokers, who ap- proach advertisers who have 2,000 Watches FREE To be given away FREE e A $50.00 SOUD GOLD WATCH Iw yon, or « will p»T you $S^.oo Spot Casta to boy s SOUD tMVD W«tch from your own jeweler. If the watth we eeod to eiery ■anon uuwenng thie ul.ertiKlsent ii oot (onnd exact!; what we cUim. We intend by onl llbcrsdity to rmpidlr inuodnce the gre«le»t remedy •t the sg«— to gHmnlate Utc appetite, rcsalatc tta* liowcla and besatlfy the complezkni. W« don't wut jour ■•ney. Only o-nd ni your nune ud Foet Office addrew «Dd scne Is mU only u Bozea of onr Mtrreloni Remedy >t «( Cta. a bas. We will then lend you the remedy by m»il «t once. When eold yon nnd ga i^tly 0K»S9 of onr money and we *i'tl i^nd yon on*^ onr luuKk, aomelj cncrawed case atem irlnd aod atcns aet Amencan aoTement watches arid yon can e'^nd ns the oUier 11.50 of wur money vban the watch reachee yon. Now la your cluuice lo get a «m •stch without (pending a cent and too wiU nerer r'frret ha»ing helped t» iatroduce our Remedr. Onr Watcta la • dauidy and one si«i nid be would not uVe $100.00 for It. Here ii an adTcrtiirmmt that ii ^r and lonare, and, m wc uid before, we will pay yon •■•.00 In casta to biry a Solid Gold Watcta from your *va jeweler, if yo« find that tba watch we lend yon u not cuatly what we claim. W« wad a faaraataa with mrj watch. WnU tiMlay. FREE WATCHES 2 3 e 3 9 1 m 3 o FREE WATCHES N« ImmlMiggfhs, pnly absolute honest deallfigs SiJeclmen No. 51. worked their replies to the limit and have nothing to lose by selling them. Good letters, which mean those not written in response to over-colored or alluring ads., bring from $15.00 to ^if.oo per thousand— sometimes more. The broker then rents the first copying at say ^10.00 per thousand or as much more as he can get, after which several others pay I5.00 per thousand. Frequent copying naturally reduces the value, until the letters are not worth the postage to adver- tisers. The final renting is generally to mail order publishers for sample copy circulation at a dollar a thousand, as they are still good for this purpose. The vital principle is this: people who reply to an ad. thus prove that they are interested, and therefore their letters are guarantees of good faith, so to speak, that they will consider similar propositions from others. No skillful advertiser would ever spend even postage on a "mailing list," since only the original letter affords any safety from bogus names, old dates, etc. As to any particular lines being benefited by this letter system little can be assured in ad- vance. Most brokers will rent a trial lot of a thousand or more to give the advertiser a quick test, and this is a good plan to follow. In the experimental stages, it may be well to see just what a dozen or more agents can do for a given line. It is all right to send out 100,000 pieces of printed matter when probable results are not entirely a gamble. I have often been asked the question as to whether it would pay the I 126 POWELL'S PRACTICAL ADVERTISER. medical house to rent letters replying to an ad. calling for silverware agents, and vice versa. Yes, because the replies merely indicate a desire for employment, but it certainly wouldn't pay to send out medical offers for mere treatment, except to the sufferers who had answered some medical ad. of a similar nature. Letters can usually be procured for any class of business, and a closing word of caution will be appreciated. How can one be sure that the broker will tell the truth about his letters, as to age, number of times copied, etc.? The sure way is to have some one answer all ads. you are interested in, applying the key system to each. Thus, direct the Hill ad. to send to 12 Main St., the Jones ad. to 13 Main St., etc. Keep a record, so that if you ever receive another circular addressed to 12 Main St., you will know that this new comer copied Hill's letters, and by posting up every unsolicited proposition no letter broker can deceive you, although deception of this kind is not the rule. Fake Schemes. Specimen No. 51 is a specimen of the fake ad., which is craftily worded to keep within the law, while pretending to give free a solid gold watch. This deception is accomplished by the large display of the word " Free," a "I50.00 Gold Watch," etc. As a matter of fact the real offer of " 2000 Free Watches " is for a very ordinary article, worth probably 50c. at most, but the unsophisticated reader doesn't tumble to the fact that the real gold watch is only given free when it can be proven that the advertiser fails to send the watch exactly as claimed. The juggling of words and hiding the real offer until well down in the text matter is an old trick, but the postal authorities are making it harder and harder for such people to keep out of trouble. This kind of deceptive advertising hurts other lines honestly conducted, and if the government would go a step farther and investigate say a hundred who have sent money to such houses and rule them out of the mails when exposed by their dupes, the last vestige of the evil would disappear. In contrast is Specimen No. 49, showing two watch ads., which do as agreed, although some- what highly colored. These watches are gold plated and cost from 50c. to 90c. each. The first ad. of course could not pay over 50c. Literature Needed. Of course good booklets, catalogs and circular letters are needed for following up replies to ads. Have them as good as any sent out by competitors — better if possible. One potent reason for the failure of so many who enter the mail order field is due to the fact that beginners fail to appreciate the importance of appearance. They want to limit expense in every possible way, and consequently their literature is a sorry apology in comparison with what is sent out by their com- petitors. While it is not absolutely necessary to print a 36-page booklet simply because some other advertiser does, yet to substitute a small four-page circular improperly prepared and illus- trated is to invite defeat at the start and prevent getting a proper tab on possibilities. Limit the periodical advertising at first, but make the literature strong. Have as much show as possible, and don't stint the illustrative effects. If testimonials are used, don't pack them in like shot, thinking people will read them and call for more. Better have four good ones, each occupying a page, with special designs. With study and a determination to make a big show for the money, coupled with the realization that you musn't look like thirty cents in comparison with your competitors — whose literature will doubtless be sent for as well as your own — success may reasonably be looked for. The Limit of Space. In mail order, as in general, advertising, the limit of space possibilities can only be determined by some experiment. Agents' Wanted ads. are seldom profitable in more than a few inches, and one or two inches will bring replies at the least cost. Some wonderfully new scheme, however, might stand half a page, but general experience is against this lavish spread. Medical Advertising Unsurpassed as a Money Maker, Increasing Consumption of Remedies, Selection of Line, How to Introduce Locally, Notable Success on $500 Test, Value of Testimonials, Agents, Distribution :: :: of Samples, Scare vs. Proof, Mail Orders, Etc. :: :: # # # Rightly undertaken, the proprietary remedy business is one of the biggest gold mmes imaginable. The successful promoter should really combine two antagonistic qualities— ability to carefully analyze conditions, formulate original plans and remain inactive until the campaign is in shape to move, and also possess the nerve to plunge at the right time to the very limit. Few men are adapted to medical management and advertising. Imagine the slow, plodding analyst, as careful as the great chess or checker player— poring over each little detail and searching out a dozen or more moves ahead without once losing sight of every attending consequence. Then imagine this personification of extreme caution suddenly rousing himself from his lethargy and apparently throwing vigilance to the winds in his lavish expenditure for advertising. While, to a certain extent, all really great business men combine in a way these essential qualities, yet the medical business calls for them to the very limit. There are so many discourage- ments and uncertainties that costly errors are likely to result, and if the advertiser is not absolutely sure of his ground he will most likely swerve from his plans, and, as is so often the case, go to pieces and quit a big loser. Some notable medical successes have been achieved only after fortunes were spent in adver- tising, but this brute force can hardly be accepted as the real, vital principle or necessity. Rather, let us say that great capital, beyond what is needed to round the first turn, is unnecessary save as a substantial commercial rating in Dun or Bradstreet gives both jobber and retailer plenty of con- fidence, thereby enabling the manufacturer to sell big bills of goods during the introductory boom. How much does it take to make a medicine business a success ? Thousands ask this question every year, and when it is realized that the largest drug jobbers are importuned by more than two hundred new medical promoters every week to carry their preparations, there will be little surprise that failures are so numerous and that the stigma against the patent medicine business is so pronounced that men of money are afraid to invest in it. Neither should there be surprise that not one new medicine in a thousand wins. I shall not attempt to discuss the wonderful propensities of the American people— especially the women— for taking "patents," but it may be well to impress the fact that statistics prove that the habit is gaining rather than losing ground. It is evident, therefore, that there is field enough- plenty of consumers — if they can only be reached by the right advertising. The first important factor is the selection of the right kind of remedy or remedies, and on this depends largely the capital required. Several years ago a well-known advertising expert con- sulted me as to the chances of a very meretricious laxative he was about organizing a company to promote. Would $10,000 turn the trick ? My reply was that it ought to take nearer $ 100,000, and he couldn't understand why. This man was like almost every other advertising specialist who is absolutely at sea regarding medical work, which is a science in itself— a science that ruthlessly ignores those artistic ads. that sell almost any other product, but which fall flat in inducing the suflTerer to take the latest " discovery." The difficulties about a laxative are numerous; first, the druggist can make more money sell- ing his own preparation; second, almost any cathartic does the work perfectly, hence the disinclination of people to give up an old friend for something new ; third, the absence of actual suf- fering and alarm as to the possibility of becoming a hopeless cripple or risking loss of life, combine 127 128 POWELL'S PRACTICAL ADVERTISER. THE GREAT HEALER COMING. Intense Interest is Centered on Friday, tbe IStb. BRIDGEPORT AWAITING THEFREE DISTRIBUTION OF DR. FROST'S DR. FROST TO GIVE THIS CITY A GRAND TEST OF HIS POWER ON THAT DAY. Wilt Cure Rheuma^^ tism in every Con= ceivable Form. 600O Bo(tles o( his World Renoned filieumatism Con will be Prestited Ftm to all smrerers. Word has been received in this city that the celebrated Dr. Frost is coining to Bridge- port this week and will give our iheomatic citizens immunity from the dread disease, as he has in New Haven, Hartford and other New England cities this fall. Dr. Frost's miracles, for such they appear to be, are almost countless, as well as astounding. In Providence he cured Row- land Alford who had lain in bed nineteen months from chronic rheumatism, and had been declared incurable by the Rhode Island Hospital and nine city doctors. The grand test in this city will take place on Friday the 13th inst., at the office of the Evening Standard when 50CX) bottles of Dr. Frost's Rheumatism Cure will be handed free to every sufferer who applies. The crowds that follow the doctor have been phenomenal. Specimen Xo. 52. FAMOUS RHEUMATISM CURE. The Celebrated Physician to Give Away in this City 6000 Bottles Absolotely Free to All. EVENING STANDARD OFFICE SELECTED AS THE PLACE. Friday, Nov. 13th, the Day The lame and crippled of Bridgeport are awaiting with feverish interest the advent of Dr. Frost, the famous physician, whose world renowned cure for rheumatism is hailed in both this country and Europe as the only ! true specific for this awful disease, in all forms, including sciatica, lumbago and gout. Our citizens have heard of the scores of miracles that Doctor Frost's Rheumatism Cure has performed in New Haven and 1 Hartford and it is safe to predict that the largest crowd known in many years will i assemble at the office of the Bridgeport Evening Standard on Friday of this week, when by Dr. Frost's Philanthropy, the 5000 bottles will be given away. According to the New England news- papers, the medical profession say that Dr. Frost has discovered a secret that surpasses the best efforts of Pasteur or Koch. They await the test in this city with interest. Specimen No. 53. Begins To-Day! The Gmnd Test Distribution of Dr. Frost's Famous Rhenmatism Cnre. AT THE UNION OFFICE. MEDICAL ADVERTISING. The Lame And Crippled Will Be Started On The Road To Complete And Rapid Recovery. The Most Marrelons Discovery of Tbe Age To Be Given Oct Absolntely Free To ill Wbo Gall. "Incurables," Specially Invited. The grand distribution of Dr. Frost's Rheumatism cure to the maimed and crippled of this city, takes place to-day, at the office of the Springfield Union to-day. There is no reserve in this great gift, no condition or trick. Dr. Frost proposes to prove to our citizens that he has an absolute cure for Rheumatism, including Sciatica, Lumbago and Gout in every form, and to that end will present all who call to-day, a free bottle that will cure any recent case in from one to two days, and the most stubborn one in a few weeks. Throughout New England and the East the famous physician's remedies have almost wholly superceded all other systems of medicine. If you have been called "incurable" don't fail to get a free bottle — a new life is open to you. After to-day no more free bottles are to be had, but the specifics can be obtained of all live druggists, at 25 cents a bottle. If you are in doubt as to your disease write freely to Dr. Frost, Phoenix Building, Springfield, Mass., and your case will be thoroughly diagnosed free of all charge, and you will be told what to do, so you can go to your druggist, and thus save doctor fees. Specimen No. 54. FROST WINS Bridgeport with his Marvel= ous Rheumatism Cure. Free Distribution Ends in Success. Reports from sufferers coming in indicate an over- whelming Victory against Disease. A CURE ABSOLUTELY GUARANTEED. Dr. Frost's Crusade against Rheumatism and disease generally in Bridgeport has begun in earnest, and the result of his free distribu- tion of several thousand bottles, will soon be known as reporters are busy canvassing among those who have used the remedy. Not a single sample was left over and many were glad to purchase the regular size bottles at drug stores. No better evidence can be offered in support of the claims made for Frost's superiority than this. Sufferers who had read and heard about the restoration of Rowland Alford, of Providence, from the grave, felt at last that a sure cure for rheuma- tism had been discovered, and there appears to be scarcely a neighborhood in the city where these little pellets have not worked wonders within the past few days. FROST'S GUARANTEE. Dr. Frost guarantees to cure rheumatism in any form. If, after using a few bottles of Frost's Rheumatism Cure (25 cents at all druggists), improvement does not begin, write the facts of the case and a special treatment will be sent. If it fails your money will be returned cheerfully. Frost abso- lutely cures over 95 per cent, of all known cases. Personal letters to Dr. Frost, Fuller block, Springfield, Mass., will receive attention and not a cent asked. All druggists sell Frost's Remedies — one for each disease— at 25c a bottle mostly. Trade supplied by all drug jobbers. Local druggists supplied by F. S. Stevens & Co., I 315 Main St. Specimen No. 55. 129 to make the introduction about as risky a proposition as could be devised. Once successful- ly introduced, however, the liver pill or laxative is a money maker because so much is taken. Its quick success though is practically out of the question. 1 remember a circum- stance of several years ago that will serve to show the public indifference as to a new laxative. A skillful advertiser of this kind of medicine had run a page ad. in the New York Sunday Journal, offer- ing free samples. The display was strong and the text about as good as could be expected, so no criticism was really in order. Some talk had been in- dulged in as to the pulling power of such broadside ad- vertising, and a well-known advertising solicitor volun- teered that this particular effort must have secured at least two thousand requests for free samples. I suggested that two hundred would be nearer my idea, and I was but little suprised to learn that less than a hundred had taken advantage of the offer. This will show how little interest there is about a remedy intended only for a disorder that is not associated with pain or real suffering. The selling effect of the page ad. in question naturally could not be measured wholly by the number of people who directly answered it, for the druggists everywhere carry the remedy, but it only goes to show what the new advertiser would be up against were he to attempt to get out samples for trial, and not have the co-operation of the trade in supplying the store demand. How to Introduce Locally. Several years ago I planned a campaign for a homeopathic remedy business, including adver- tising, salesmanship, etc., with only $500.00 for trial purposes, and never before or since has there been such an instantaneous and marvelous success. A city of some 1 50,000 population was selected because it contained three drug jobbers, who would promptly supply the retail stores, and because $500.00 in the two leading daily papers would go just as far as $4000.00 or $5000.00 in New York City. I doubt if any experienced proprietary remedy man in the country would have admitted in advance that a campaign with such a beggarly pittance for capital could possibly win. Surely the whole thing seemed preposterous — to any one who had not gained a certain insight. The first ad. appeared on Sunday, Sept. 6, 1896, and occupied 350 lines. This was a general announcement 128 POWELL'S PRACTICAL ADVERTISER. THE GREAT HEALER COMING. Intense Interest is Centered on Friday, tlie i3tli. DR. FBOSTTO GIVE THIS CITY A GRAND TEST OF HIS POWER ON THAT DAY. Will Cure Rheuma= tism in every Con- ceivable Form. OOOO Bottles of bis World Renowoed Rheumatism Core will be Presented Free to all Sufferers. Word has been received in this city that the celebrated Dr. Frost is coming to Bridge- port this week and will give our iheamatic citizens immunity from the dread disease, as he has in New Haven, Hartford and other New England cities this fall. Dr. Frost's miracles, for such they appear to be, are almost countless, as well as astounding. In Providence he cured Row- land Alford who had lain in bed nineteen months from chronic rheumatism, and had been declared incurable by the Rhode Island Hospital and nine city doctors. The grand test in this city will take place on Friday the 13th inst., at the office of the Evening Standard when 5000 bottles of Dr. Frost's Rheumatism Cure will be handed free to every sufferer who applies. The crowds that follow the doctor have been phenomenal. Specimen Xo. 52. BRIDGEPORT AWAITING THE FREE DISTRIBUTION OF DR. FROST'S FAMOUS RHEUMATISIVI CURE. The Celebrated Pbjsician to Give Away in this City 6000 Bottles Absolntely Free to All. EVENING STANDARD OFFICE SELECTED AS THE PLACE. Friday, Nov. 13th, the Day The lame and crippled of Bridgeport are awaiting with feverish interest the advent of Dr. Frost, the famous physician, whose world renowned cure for rheumatism is hailed in both this country and Europe as the only true specific for this awful disease, in all forms, including sciatica, lumbago and gout. Our citizens have heard of the scores of miracles that Doctor Frost's Rheumatism Cure has performed in New Haven and Hartford and it is safe to predict that the largest crowd known in many years will assemble at the office of the Bridgeport Evening Standard on Friday of this week, when by Dr. Frost's Philanthropy, the 5000 bottles will be given away. According to the New England news- papers, the medical profession say that Dr. Frost has discovered a secret that surpasses the best efforts of Pasteur or Koch. They await the test in this city with interest. Specimen No. 53. Begins To-Day! The Grand Test Distribation of Dr. Frost's Famons Rbeamatisin Core. AT THE UNION OFFICE. MEDICAL ADVERTISING. The Lame And Crippled Will Be Started On The Road To Complete And Rapid Recovery. The Host HarveloQS Discovery of The Age To Be Given Ont Absolately Free To All Vho Call. "Incurables," Specially Invited. The grand distribution of Dr. Frost's Rheumatism cure to the maimed and crippled of this city, takes place to-day, at the office of the Springfield Union to-day. There is no reserve in this great gift, no condition or trick. Dr. Frost proposes to prove to our citizens that he has an absolute cure for Rheumatism, including Sciatica, Lumbago and Gout in every form, and to that end will present all who call to-day, a free bottle that will cure any recent case in from one to two days, and the most stubborn one in a few weeks. Throughout New England and the East the famous physician's remedies have almost wholly superceded all other systems of medicine. If you have been called " incurable " don't fail to get a free bottle — a new life is open to you. After to-day no more free bottles are to be had, but the specifics can be obtained of all live druggists, at 25 cents a bottle. If you are in doubt as to your disease write freely to Dr. Frost, Phoenix Building, Springfield, Mass., and your case will be thoroughly diagnosed free of all charge, and you i*ill be told what to do, so you can go to your druggist, and thus save doctor fees. Bpecimen No. 54. FROST WINS Bridgeport with his Marvel= ous Rheumatism Cure. Free Distribution Ends in Success. Reports from sufferers coming in indicate an over- whelming Victory against Disease. A CURE ABSOLUTELY GUARANTEED. 129 to make the introduction about as risky a proposition as could be devised. Once successful- ly introduced, however, the liver pill or laxative is a money maker because so much is taken. Its quick success though is practically out of the question. 1 remember a circum- stance of several years ago that will serve to show the public indifference as to a new laxative. A skillful advertiser of this kind of medicine had run a page ad. in the New York Sunday Journal, offer- ing free samples. The display was strong and the text about as good as could be expected, so no criticism was really in order. Some talk had been in- dulged in as to the pulling power of such broadside ad- vertising, and a well-known advertising solicitor volun- teered that this particular effort must have secured at least two thousand requests for free samples. I suggested that two hundred would be nearer my idea, and I was but little suprised to learn that less than a hundred had taken advantage of the offer. This will show how little interest there is about a remedy intended only for a disorder that is not associated with pain or real suffering. The selling effect of the page ad. in question naturally could not be measured wholly by the number of people who directly answered it, for the druggists everywhere carry the remedy, but it only goes to show what the new advertiser would be up against were he to attempt to get out samples for trial, and not have the co-operation of the trade in supplying the store demand. How to Introduce Locally. Several years ago I planned a campaign for a homeopathic remedy business, including adver- tising, salesmanship, etc., with only $500.00 for trial purposes, and never before or since has there been such an instantaneous and marvelous success. A city of some 1 50,000 population was selected because it contained three drug jobbers, who would promptly supply the retail stores, and because $500.00 in the two leading daily papers would go just as far as $4000.00 or $5000.00 in New York City. I doubt if any experienced proprietary remedy man in the country would have admitted in advance that a campaign with such a beggarly pittance for capital could possibly win. Surely the whole thing seemed preposterous — to any one who had not gained a certain insight. The first ad. appeared on Sunday, Sept. 6, 1896, and occupied 350 lines. This was a general announcement Dr. Frost's Crusade against Rheumatism and disease generally in Bridgeport has begun in earnest, and the result of his free distribu- tion of several thousand bottles, will soon be known as reporters are busy canvassing among those who have used the remedy. Not a single sample was left over and many were glad to purchase the regular size bottles at drug stores. No better evidence can be offered in support of the claims made for Frost's superiority than this. Sufferers who had read and heard about the restoration of Rowland Alford, of Providence, from the grave, felt at last that a sure cure for rheuma- tism had been discovered, and there appears to be scarcely a neighborhood in the city where these little pellets have not worked wonders within the past few days. FROST'S GUARANTEE. Dr. Frost gnarantees to cure rheumatism in any form. If, after using a few bottles of Frost's Rheumatism Cure (25 cents at all druggists), improvement does not begin, write the facts of the case and a special treatment will be sent. If it fails your money will be returned cheerfully. Frost abso- lutely cures over 95 per cent, of all known cases. Personal letters to Dr. Frost, Fuller block, Springfield, Mass., will receive attention and not a cent asked. All druggists sell Frost's Remedies — one for each disease— at 25c a bottle mostly. Trade supplied by all drug jobbers. Local druggists supplied by F. S. Stevens & Co., 315 Main St. Specimen No. 55. 130 POWELL'S PRACTICAL ADVERTISER. DR. FROST'SGRA_ND VICTORY. Sufferers Testify For The Celebrated Physician. RHEUMATISM PUT TO FLIGHT AND AN ERA OF GOOD HEALTH INAUGURATED. Your Neighbors Gladly Tell the Whole World the Truth about the Most Wonderful Remedies Known to Science. Lowell is most profoundly grateful for the vast amount of relief she has experienced within the past few weeks from Dr. Frost's Famous Remedies. There is not a street in the city where the benefits of the marvelous specifics have not been felt. 1610 sufferers from rheumatism have rela- ted in eloquent terms the great good Dr. Frost's Rheumatism Cure has done them. Youxannot ignore the words of your friends and neighbors. Talk with them and then hand your druggist twenty-five cents for a Frost preparation suited to your disease. He will al30 give you a Frost book telling you how to get well the quick way. Have local testimonials follow here. Di- vide single column matter into two even columns, taking such space as necessary. liocal testimonials go in blank spaces in this and next cols. See copy attached. Set testimonials in Nonpareil or Minion and sub heads in Brevier Gothic. No matter how lonsr von have inflffered or how many iliK-tors have faik-YSHEK»1A CURE works wonders. gives you a new stomach ; cures iiiUigestion, loss of a)i|ieiite, dizziness, etc.. ".iSc. FROST'S FEVER Cf RE .should be at hand at all hours. .At first api>roa<-li of fevers, es|>ecially iu children, avoid danger by its i>roiu{it use, 25c. FROST'S HEADACHE CURE does not interfere with the heart's action. Cures sick and iiervoua headaches, headtiches from the use of liquors and chronic heac. FROST'S KIDNEY CURE cures when all other systems have failed. "jSc 'FROST'S .\ERVoUS DKBIMTY CURE quickly calms the nervous system anend on having it handy, 2tSc FROST'S RHEUMATISM CURE Is celebrated the world "ver. It is the •' miracle worker" and has a-stonished thousands. 2.'ic. If you are in doubt as to your disease write freely to Dr. Frost, Phoenix Building. Springfield, Mass., and your case will be correctly dia.;nosed tree of charge, and you will be told what to do, so you can !{o to your druggi&t aud thus save doctors' fees. and free sample offer, which resulted in about two hundred people calling at one of the newspaper offices, where the public distribution took place on the following Monday. The name and address of each caller was taken and three or four days later a young man at $8.00 per week called at the homes to ascer- tain results and secure testi- monials and photographs, which was no trick at all. Although thirty-eight reme- dies in pellet form were sold and described in a 16-page booklet which was distributed at the doors a few days after the advertising had begun to wake up the city, yet only the Rheumatism cure was sampled and boomed, because it is fatal to attempt the ex- ploitation of more than one thing at a time. The repu- tation of curing hopeless crip- ples is sufficient to also sell the other remedies. The first ad. I do not reproduce because 1 afterwards discov- ered that about the s?me space divided into three sep- arate ads., and appearing two days before and on the day of distribution would get out about three times as many samples and create far greater interest. Specimens Nos. 52, 53 and 54 are the ones finally used for first ads. in all new places. The advertising schedule followed was as follows in the leading paper: Sept. 6 . . . 3 50 lines. Specimen "So. 56. ti 8 • • • 82 C( (( 10 « • • 144 cc ti '3 • • • 91 (( MEDICAL ADVERTISING. 131 DARTING^SHOOTINOPAINS. AFRAID SHE WOULD DIE. ANOTHER FROST VICTORY Banished by the Great Physician. Mrs. Elizabeth Robertson, at the Home for Aged Couples, corner of Walnut Av. and Seaver St., Roxbury, Boston, Mass., says : — " For over seven years I have been troubled with pains and stiffness in my right thigh and knee. After 1 had been sitting down for a while I could not walk, my leg would not hold me. For years I could not stoop down at all, or walk up- stairs without the aid of the balusters. Given New Life By Dr. Frost's Fam- ous Remedies. Mrs. A. E. Ball, lit Church St., Middle- town, Conn., says : — " My little daughter, Bessie, twelve years old, has been a terrible sufferer from rheu- matism every winter for four years. This necessitated confinement, which was telling on her general health, and we feared she would not live long. The pains started as usual with the first cold weather. We tried doctors without relief. I then secured a bottle of Dr. Frost's Rheumatism Cufe, and before half of it was taken, the little" girl was able to run about and play. The swelling has entirely left her joints and she acts like a different child. I earnestly recommend Dr. Frost's Rheumatism Cure to all sufferers. I think it was a godsend to my daughter." Haverhill, Mass., Medical Circles As- tonished at a Home Miracle. Mr. Geo. W, Hall, 140 Main St., Haver- hill, Mass., a G. A. R. nicnibcr. and well known throughout New England, says : " For thirty-two years I have endured the awful agonies of rheumatism, contracted in the army. Seven times I have had rheu- matic fever. There has been a sore spot constantly on my knee as big'as a silver dol- lar, and I have only been able to get around by casing the knee in a rubber cap. MRS. ELIZABETH ROBERTSON. " At times pains would dart into my shoulder like sword thrusts, and it seemed as if I could not endure them. I have tried numerous patent remedies without relief. I secured a sample bottle of Dr. Frost's Rlieum.-aism Cure, and, before all of it was taken, I was greatly relieved. I can now go up and down stairs easily, and feel more active than I have for years.". Ask your druggist for Frost's Remedies, 25c. a bottle mostly, and accept no substi- tute. No matter how many doctors have failed. Dr. Frosf has a specific that will cure. At Dr. Frost's offices, Phoenix Building, Springfield, Mass., a corps of the world's greatest specialists will thoroughly diagnose your case absolutely free of charge. Specimen No. 57 MISS BESSIE C. BALL. Ask your druggist for Dr. Frost's Reme- dies, 2SC. a- bottle, generally. Separate remedy for all diseases. At Dr. Frost's offices. Phoenix Building, Springfield, Mass., your disease will be posi- tively cured by the greatest living special- ists. If you cannot call for free exammation, write freely. Specimen No. 58. GEO. W. HALU " If anything touched my knee I would scream. Hundreds of dollars went to doc- tors without relief, and I long since aban- doned hope. Hearing how Dr. Frost's Rheumatism Cure rescued Rowland Alfbrd of Providence, R. I., from the grave, I be- gan to use the remedy myself, and to-day I am as well as I was forty years ago— pains, swelling, and bandnges have all gone. Dr. Frost's Remedies are wonderful, and my re- covery is almost a miracle." At Dr. Frosi's offices. -Phoenix Building, Springfield, Mass., the greatest living m^i- cal specialists will examine your case, either in person or by mail, and give complete medical advice without charge. Specimen No. 59. Sept. a (C u it 15 • 3S^^ ines. Sept. 23 17 1 12 C( " 24 20 756 (( " 27 22 60 « " 29 22 80 (( (( 49 lines. 344 428 91 The other daily had practically the same copy on the days it didn't appear in the leader, save that the 756 line ad. appeared in the latter only. In three weeks the net sales were over ^1700.00 at an advertising expense of a trifle less than $400.00. The city was won, and the largest retailers will- ingly testified that they had never before had such a big demand for any one concern's preparations. While waiting for the samples to produce testimonials, the smaller ads. were run to keep up interest. One ad. at a time was inserted in the name of the jobbers as a sort of announcement that each had finally succeeded in securing a stock of the famous remedies sufliciently large to promptly supply the retail trade. Of course, this was only to influence the consumer, as the trade knew perfectly well that they could get all they wanted of their wholesaler. «ir In doubt »■ to yo«T ^ dtwftJW. «ritr flrrl; tu r ^P Vt- h«irt. MocifcdnoHi ' ^^k Buildlv. i'blcMo. No m^B ebftr^ for oonplrte n- 1^^ •■lutfoa. 2 RHEUMATIC ^Rtlc Cur» In I f IK'orld antr«-■•■• ■ •■■ ■■■■■■■» Specimen No. 60. I 132 POWELL'S PRACTICAL ADVERTISER. rree Distribatioo I 100.000 Bottles of tbe ramoos Rbeomatic Core J Dr. Swift's Wonderful Record of 75,000 Cures. Hopeless Cripples, Doctors, Nurses and Hospitals Testify. CRUTCHES, CANES, ACHES AND PAINS BANISHED FOREVER. SCIENCE TRIUMPHS OVER DISEASE. New ncthoda That RAvotutionlxe flcdical Practice. 5end for Free Bottle Before Too Late— Ttie Cure U Certain and QuicR. The free distribution of 100,000 bottles of Dr. Swift's famous Rheumatic wid Gout Cure is restoriog tbotisands in every State. Over 75,000 absolute cures have already been recorded, and new evidence multiplies daily. Bed- ridden sufferers are being restored to new life and activity, and twisted, swollen limbs are giving way to perfect bealtb. Every form of rheumatism and gout is mastered— mu.^cular, sciatic inflammatory, gouty — and neural- gia in any part of tbe body. No matter how long you have suffered, no matter how many physicians have declared you incurable. Dr. Swift will cure you. if a cure is possible. His marvelous new discovery leaves no phase of rheumatism uncured. and it is made so pleasant by scienlihc blending that it does not upset the most delicate stomach — does not fill the system with debili- tating drugs. The sale after free bottles are sent is rrarvelous.' One bottle to Hecla, MonL. only 300 pnpulalion. suld thirty. The sale in New York and Chicago is piling up at rate u( 60.000 bottles annually. H. II. Wetxter, MaonoksU, b., lan: '■! txcan Uking Dr. Swift's Rheumatic ana Gout Cur* thlm moming, aad was inr- pn&«d at th« iraprovemeat after only three doses. It was wonderful." Cbaa E. Sindorf. iii Painter street, Graensburc. Pa., writec " I got tnunediate relief from the tree bottle alter all other traattneuts bad failed." Dr. T. N. Watts, Alma, Kan., write*: 'I bad tbe oposRao- ity to witness the effect of Dr. Swift's Rheumatic and tjont Cure in a bad case of rheumatism, and it was very efficient. 1 have on hand a bad case of inflammatory rheumatism which the usual remedies fail to subdue. Please send me 3 bottles." H. H. Hall, Bloom ingdale, N J , writes ; '• Every Bufferer I have sold Dr. Swift's Rheumatic and (.tout Cure to 19 Ketting well. I have sold other rheumatic remedies, but Dr Swift's Is the only one that really ctirea. Send me another dosen as soon as poaaible." These are but sample cases of hundreds constantly coming in chiefly from the u.se of the free bottles alone. Many are completely cured in a few days. Thousands are writing their friends, urging them to send before too late. By this free distribution Dr. Swift will deinonstrate that he has discovered an absolute cure for the worst cases of rheumatism, mhich are to-day baffling doctors and hospitals alike. These free bottles contain full 35 doses instead of the two or three dojes sent ont by imitators, and will be mailed free on request. AddreM DR. A. B. SWIFT, ISO Temple Court, New York. Ranlar Prleeau •■ s boiik; j tKxiln, |i 50, wiik (aanniM Avaata Wanted. If la 4Mbt ss to your djieue writ* the doclor [o. In* diagno.it and a d wee. Publisber'a Not*— Dr. Swift's free offer is gen- uine, and we advise our subscribers to accept it. None will be disappointed. Bpecimen No. 61 (Original size, 9}ix.7yi or 416 lines). Specimen No. 55 appeared on the Wednesday following the Monday free distribution, and occupied 144 lines. Specimen No. 56 originally took about 175 lines double column, although its actual size in any place depended on how many good testimonials could be procured early. When these important trade bringers with photographs were ready they formed the keynote of every new ad. Of course, every boom must come to a close, after which smaller ads. must rule. Specimens Nos. 57, 58 and 59 are from a series of a dozen or more, and they appeared e. o. d. for the next few months. The net sales the month following were about ^500.00 at an advertising expense of about $200.00, which proved that the trade had not been overstocked, and this average continued with more or less regularity thereafter. Other places, too, responded with about the same results as the first one, and the only handicap was a lack of proper rating with mercantile agencies, there- by preventing in many instances the sale of unusually large bills of goods. An important fact right here : the retail druggist is an enemy until he has been obliged to stock up your goods to supply the demand, and until this is large enough to warrant, he will not buy, but, instead, will try to sell the nearest thing in stock. As a matter of fact every druggist has been stuck at one time or another with a few bottles of various remedies that didn't sell, and he would not be human if he didn't try and get them off his hands, and at the same time oppose the introduction of new remedies. The druggist can explain why he doesn't carry a given medicine — to a limited demand. He dare not, however, continue these tactics in face of a large call. MEDICAL ADVERTISING. 133 The Value of Testimonials. A free sample proposition locally made can be about as strong without testimonials as with, but the hammering effect of large ads. will be badly weakened unless testimonials of local people, with a fair number of photos, are incorporated. Good, strong scare head display, plus good testimonials will alone sell medicines, and in small ads. very little text matter need be employed. Even a fake testimonial may be better than none. One Adent in a Place. More small druggists have been stocked up by this plan than through all others combined. The representative of a medical firm calls and agrees to appoint druggist Smith as sole agent for Jones' Dyspepsia Cure in Podunk, and to put his name at bottom of every ad. in the local weekly— say a three to six inch space. All that is required is an order for the rem- edy amounting to $15 to $25, or more, as the case may be. The advertising will usually cost from $5 to $12 in a weekly of 1000 circulation, and thus the medicine manufacturer has a sure thing, and the druggist- generally his stock of goods at the end of the year, with additional wonderment as to why the medicine doesn't sell. The trouble is twofold: first, local weekly paper advertis- ing seldom succeeds in introducing free samples, and home testimonials are rarely or never found : second, limited circula- tion makes the rate too often prohibitive. For example, if a three inch, or 42-line ad. in a country weekly costs say |io a year for 52 insertions, on a one-thousand circulation basis, and a daily paper of 40,000 circulation charges say five cents a line or $109.20 for 52 insertions, it follows that the weekly paper is nearly four times as expensive. If a town does not support a daily the best results will be display ads., coupled with a thorough distribution of literature FREE Distribution of 100,000 Bott les of the FAMODS RHEDMTIC REMEDY. DR. SWIFT CURING THOUSANDS IN EVERY STATE. Read What Sufferers Say, Then Send for a Free Bottle Before the Dis- tribution Closes. The free distribution of 100.000 bottles of Dr. SwifVs Famous Rheumatic aud Gout Cure « working miracles everywhere. ,„,„»„„h ,v,„ No fo?m of rheumatism can long wlthstaiid the great i«>\vet« of the specilic which is afctonishiug doctors and patients. j, .^ n, cuiift No matter how long you have suffered, Dr. Swift will cure you if a cure is possible. T M. Browning. Palci^tlne, 111., writes: Pr. Swift's Rheumatic and Gout Cure has cure<» me and 1 am a walking advertisement for vour treatment. 1 want to act as agent for this wonderful cure A Huck, Victor. 111., writes: -Three large Ik. ties of Dr. Swift's Rhenmaiic and Gout Ciiro. cured me of muscular rheumatism which aflliciwi me lor years I gladlv recommend it Ui my friends, aud we all consider if God's l.lessint-."' ^„„.„, The'^e are but sample cases of hundreds consUiU- ly coming in from all l«rts of thecounirN. lu many casls complete cures are obiau.iMl in a few days, and the best proof of the suiH..ru.rin of 1 r. Swifl-s Rheumatic and (Jont Cure oyer all oll.crs is the fact that those who have receivt^l tree U.l- t!es are writing their friends, urging them lo send ^Brthi^d^mbution Dr. Swift will demonstrate to a certainty that he has discovered an a'"^'l"te aire foMhe worst cases of ["eninal.sm Nvh.ch are to-dav baffling doctors and hospitals f l'''^;^ ' > " want a b<^ok of testimonials, it will be maiUd mi rt^nuest; but don't fail to write at once for one of the free bottles Thev contain full twenty five doses hisl^ad of the usial three or four f^'^^ out bv imitators, and will l>e maile*! free upon requeit by mentionl.ig Cheerful Moments^ Address I'r. Swift, U8 Swift Building. New ^orK. RKGULAR PRI<"KS-«1.00 a l^ottle ; three InittlM $2 50-a month's treatment. Guarantee*! to cureor money ref.inde.1^ ^^^^^^ ^^ ^^,^^ ^^^ Specimen No. 63. from local reading notices and small to the houses, and this seldom fails. Distribution of Samples. The best method is to give out samples from a newspaper office. This secures a sort of en- dorsement and avoids local jealousy among druggists. Places large enough to support daihes will give better results through a general selling in all drug stores than by the appointment of one agent. Samples of medicine should never be left on door steps, as it shakes confidence and is wasteful. It is estimated that neariy one in ten suffers from rheumatism and that even a greater percentage have kidney and kindred ailments, which at best means that indiscriminate sampling is wasteful and not likely to create a proper trial. And no matter how efficacious, the local testimonial is all-important, hence the necessity of taking the names and addresses from the place of distribution. Store Handers, Cards and Window Display. While the boom is on, window displays are useflil, which may be arranged for as a nile with- out cost. The enterprising druggist usually realizes that it is to his advantage to strike whi e the iron is hot, and that a window tastefully arranged draws trade. Certain folding box manufacturers I I i 134 POWELL'S PRACTICAL ADVERTISER. make giant size cartons for this purpose, notably the National Folding Box Co., New Haven, Ct., and Robert Gair, Brooklyn. Signs and Novelties are made by the Meek & Beach Co., Coshocton, O., and the leading drug trade publications advertise other manufacturers. The most successful proprietary houses, however, rely chiefly on newspaper advertising, and do not spend much for a lavish display of hangers or novelties. Scare vs. Proof in Advertisements. One way is to write medical copy so that people will imagine they have some disorder that the advertised remedy cures ; the other way is to appeal to those who realize their trouble. Kidney remedies usually find the mention of symptoms a stimulant to sales, because so many have reason to be frightened at the very mention of this dread disease. Then, too, it is harder to diagnose it than the case of rheumatism. " Spots before the eyes " do accompany certain dangerous kidney troubles, and yet this symptom may be due to some other minor trouble, and the advertised remedy will do no harm if no good. But there is no mistaking rheumatism, which renders the symptom scare unnecessary. No matter what the remedy may be, however, the cheery ad. that looks mostly on the bright side of life and gives a variety of testimonials to prove the worth of the "great discovery " will sell the most goods. When I point out that the Frost campaign I prepared was in accordance with this idea of new health for everybody, it will be seen that a popular chord was struck to produce such immediate results. In one city of 100,000 population, one retailer sold over 2000 bottles within the first sixty days. I should have added before, that every person who suflfers from " darting, shooting pains " is likely to be attracted by display lines that bring back the realization of his or her agony, and that a sale is likely to result from sensible text and neighbor's testimony, and in connection I want to say that there never was a greater error than the supposition that a good medical testimonial must be bought. Our nature praises the things that add to the sum of human joy, and under proper guidance we will say a good word for even a patent medicine that makes us glad we are alive. Do not forget that whether good or bad, a remedy is a wonderful discovery or a base fake according to its effect on the individual. I once knew of a state legislator who thought he was helped by plain sugar pills, although he thought it real medicine. A good remedy was merely trying to win the greatest number of cures and its manufacturers got up a "side show" in shape of an alleged cure by a supposed competitor, simply to publish an ad. showing the record. Over fifty took the plain pills and thought they were benefited. I do not, of course, approve of such measures, but the startling facts just recited show possibilities. No lasting, permanent good can result from a worthless remedy. Selling by Math The same general conditions that make a remedy successful locally, also apply in mail order advertising ; viz, free distribution of samples, and testimonials. You must get out samples, and have a remedy good enough to secure at least one treatment order in five, where from $2 to $5 is required from each. Inquiries should not cost over 50 cents each even on a $5 proposition, because repeat orders are practically out of the question, and until a remedy has been advertised in mail order papers for a long time, it will not be likely to get into drug stores, and thus the selling qualities of any ad. must be judged solely by the number of inquiries or samples requested. Specimen 61 brought in one paper over 600 answers at a cost of about |ioo and the average in all papers was at about 25 cents per inquiry. No. 62, also a mail order ad., cost about the same per inquiry, which shows that it pays to run space to the limit to secure as many sample ii I MEDICAL ADVERTISING. 135 requests as possible. In the beginning, nothing larger than No. 6. ,s ^^v-ab e and on the othe^ hand a smaller ad. is not likely to fully prove possib.Ut.es If th,s prom.nently d'^play-d ^ R^t effort fails to secure inquiries in any medium it is certain that the pubhcafon .s a poor P™P-'"°"- Specimen No. 60 is given to show a catchy effect.and to supp y an example °f -''a' «> ^J^^ in mail order advertising. It would answer fairly well in a local weekly as a sort of a,d o the druggist, but it would be a failure as an inducer of inquiries. Even the pleasing des.gn .f enlarged to double column size would be vastly inferior, space for space, to a type ad. l.ke No. 56, etc. Securinti Agents by Circular. As I have said, direct advertising for medical agents is generally too costly to b^™'^"''';' and this makes the rental of other advertisers' letters of inquiry the ch.ef rehance By ma.l.ng circulars to thousands who have written letters regarding other agences ,t .s possible to mterest a profitable percentage and secure their services. A limited bill of goods should be -'d - -d> if possible because the lack of periodical advertising deprives even the largest concern of more or less reputation. Besides more will take hold if allowed to pay as sales are made. Discounts to agents should be larger than to the drug trade, because they are obliged to canvass and force every sale, and also because 40 per cent, and 50 per cent, seem to be the standard concessions. Probably the best arrangement consists of a 40 per cent, discount, with an additional 10 per cent, for cash with order. Rather than allow 50 per cent, and 60 per cent., offer a good assort- ment of premiums to be given absolutely free when certain amounts have been paid. For example, $13 worth of remedies at 40 per cent, off is JySo net. Now when this has been received give as a bonus a watch costing 50c. up, or a I1.50 fountain pen of standard make that can be bought for a third. Thus the proposition appears far better than a straight 50 per cent discount. Women will canvass to make a few dollars and at the same time earn a bonus of dishes, sewing machines, etc., all of which can be purchased at lowest wholesale figures Where a line of remedies is sold through country agents on this plan, sales will also result in many unexpected ways. People will often buy assortments for their own — "'"P''""' '^ ^"'^ every-day preparations as cold, dyspepsia, cough, worm, and similar cures are included. But the most gratifying of all is the fact that after the remedies have been on the market for say ten or fifteen years, and thousands of agents have sold them, a drug store demand is sure to assume respectable proportions. One preparation for summer complaints thus enjoys an annual store sale exceeding Jco.ooo net, and all because of the demand created by agents' introduction. This "slop over" sale goes through one New York jobber, although unknown to the same agents who have created it. Were this medicine house to advertise in publications to help drug- glts it would lose most of its agents, who will not sell anything known to be carried by deal^ers I recall in this connection the peculiar result of an advertising campaign by a large medical house that wanted to get a slice of the sales through retail druggists, although it had never done business with consumers save by local country agents. ^ . . . Accordingly several thousand dollars were spent in daily and weekly paper advertising in one or two states as a sort of starter, and at the end of a year the most amazing results were recorded -the total business in this advertised section was much less than during any previous year with - ou advertising. An account of the campaign was published in Pnntefs Ink and other adver ising Lrnals, and I was highly amused at the " explanations " offered by numerous ad. writers and 'agents, ;ho for the most part were certain that the copy was bad, and that they could have avoided the disaster by originating more "Striking" designs, more aggressive salesmanship etc etc The president of the company-a very successful man in his particular way-oftered no excuse, because he admitted that he didn't know what the trouble really was. Later, he consulted me about his regular work and when I suggested that this newspaper campaign made most ot his old agents mad, and at the same time was too inefficient to secure drug store business, he agreed that the shrinkage of the total business was plain. pj Trade Publication Advertising A Talk on the Planninii of Ads. Intended to Interest the Trade; the Importance of Illustratinii Sellinii Points, Etc. The average advertisement found in trade publications is about as shiftless an effort as can be unearthed, although advertisers are beginning to appreciate the fact that it is mighty poor judg- ment to pay out hundreds or thousands of dollars for space that is filled with a mere business card or weak text to be changed only two or three times a year, or less. The first thing to understand in the preparation of a hard-hitting trade ad. is that agents and dealers are busy people as a rule, and to engage their attention and hold it there must be plenty of catchy illustrations. If a series of clever ads., each highly entertaining and somewhat educational, are run in large space it is possible to create a steady class of readers without the use of special designs and illustrations, but this demands the very highest skill in text writing, which makes it risky for the average ad. writer, who would better employ the surer method. More than that, the catchy illustration in combination with catchy text matter is undoubtedly more effective than the plain type effort. The trade will get in the habit of looking for ads. that are uniformly good, and it certainly pays to invest a few dollars for drawings and engravings — the dividend will be enormous in comparison. Trade publication advertising permits the use of novel or humorous illustrative schemes that might be undignified in maga- zines. Anything having a cheap, slangy flavor, however, should be carefully avoided. Back from the Races. /v-^ w-^i^ ffi^^^r Irrtmgtaa • Mllbnm, - The great racr ol the East, competed lor by nuthines o( all the principal makn. May ja The fastest time was made on a Victor by A, W. Porter of Boston, on a rcKuUr road machine, who won the Time Pai/t and alwt the S TlUE Pai/ic The prixe for fastest time on a cushion tire was won by A. P. Craig on a Victor. Thclaatctt time on a Safely Bicycle was made by Charles C. Ktuge on a Victor. Model B.with cushion tires. Tb« Victor took aH tbe Tmt Pm/is where entered. Tbc Pullman Road Race At ChiraKi). Miy 3a bad 223 entries. The fastest time on a solid tire bicycle »as made by Terry Andrae on a^Vktor in 53m. its., thus winning the TiMK PaiZE. The Pacific Coaat Race At Oakland. Cal . May yt. wa won by lour Model B Vkton, takion the 6m four priics and beating the l^cilk CoMt time rccoi:d. 41 LoulavlUe, Ky., Last week T. E. JefTeris on a Model B Victor won the 3-mile mad race from eleven competitors. Another Model U took second place. These two Victors Mfrc the only ooes entered, and succeeded in beating out two pneumatica. BOSTON. "Victors Make the Pace." OVERMAN WHEEL CO. WASHINOTON. DENVER. SAN FRANCISCO. Specimen No. 63. Specimen No. 64. IM TRADE PUBLICATION ADVERTISING. 137 Put Your Advertisement In the Greatest Of all Agricultural Publications— F arm and Fireside And He*l! Come Down with His Wealth. 335,550 Other Fellows Just Like Him Have Been Reading This Monarch of the World's Rural Press, and There's Many a Happy Advertiser In the Land. Fann and Fireside has the largest circulation of any semi- monthly agricultural paper in America— average for past three months. 335,550 copies per issue. If you want best results, try it MAST. CROWELL & KIRKPATRICK. Publishers SPRlNGhlELD. OHIO 108 Times Bldr. HZWTOKi: IM3 MonadBock BIk. CHICAGO Specimen No. 65. The trade ad. can take more liber- ties than the announcement designed for general magazines or regular national pub- lications. For example, Specimen No. 6 J originally occupied about 6x7 inches, and it may be well to add that the testi- monial was in a letter instead of on a postal, and I had invented the idea be- fore its arrival. Of course, the wheel paper readers appreciated this sort of advertising, but for general publications the effort needs more detail, such as in- troductory talk, catalog mention, etc. Specimen No. 64 shows the first border ever made up from the product itself — the cushion tire — and the whole ad. is a good example for trade paper interest. Specimens No. 67 and 68 fur- ther show how ingenuity can be employed in impressing three vital factors. Neither of these ads. would be suitable for gen- eral publications, but in page space about 9x12 they could not fail to keep wheel- men and agents interested. Illustrating points in a novel way is a key-note. Among other special features which I illustrated in the campaign of trade publication advertising was a machine for proving the resiliency of tires, with dia- grams showing the tracings of a pen. This was unimpeachable evidence, for every bound of the tire was faithfully recorded, and all other makes of tires were outdone in this particular. Another illustration made plain the valve which was concealed in the rim with a man- hole lid. In fact every special scheme or feature was treated at various angles, and the educational effect not only converted wheelmen, but was a potent factor in securing a large army of wide-awake agents, who are glad to represent manufacturers who not only turn out a high grade product, but who are wise enough to advertise it in an intelligent manner. Months and years of such work never fail to make advertising in trade journals a profitable certainty. , ,• • Specimen No. 65 appeared in Printers' Ink and a few other advertising publications, at the end of a particulariy prosperous agricultural year when the farmers had paid off old mortgages and were in a position to buy new things. Specimens Nos. 66, 69 and 70 were also planned for advertising publications but with a very definite idea in view. At this time the Companion was only 50 cents a year, and the general impression was abroad in the adverdsing fraternity that the paper circulated mostly in small rural •J I 138 POWELL'S PRACTICAL ADVERTISER. A great home masazlne — Over 300,000 subscribers— a million and a half readers— Mostly enterprising, wide-awake, up-to-date women who live well and have money to spend — Women who are interested in new things, new ideas, new products — Who are awalce 365 days in the year and are ready to buy my new article of merit. The Woman's Home Companion Is their favorite because it is the unrivaled woman's magazine of the world — Containing articles of romance, travel and fashion by the most popular writers of the day — Art covers and illustrations by famous artists who paint true to life. Everything that goes to interest, instruct and elevate the whole family — All for fifty cents a year. Advertisers who want results are Invited to reap a harvest from this splendid creation. $1.75 a line — less for quantity. Imprint. Specimen Xo. 66. places, and was, therefore, unsuitable for goods appealing to city trade. While not quite equal to the Ladies' Home Journal, yet the Companion circulation was a close second, and it deserved to carry the same class of ad- vertising. To convert advertisers, therefore, a series of ads. was prepared, each having an illustration of a refined home, and the first year's eiforts resulted in securing nearly ^50,000 worth of advertising contracts in excess of any previous year. This, too, be- fore the era of good times of 1899 had been ushered in. This aggressiveness and betterment in every department from advertising to M ^E Vs/IMMIMG f\A«D PROGRESSIVE CYCLING. PARAPHERNALIA. t. $135 cash. a Sense enough to invest in a Vi^r Bicycle. TRICKS. 1. If your opponent leads off on i second-gjade wheel, follow him lip on a Viftor. 9 If he leads you over a rough road, you gain the trick with the Vitlor Spring Fork — there's nothing its equal. y. U he selei^ a smooth road, you gain a. big point, and the trick, with the ViAor Cushion Tire — it's the '91 joker — beats e\erything. 4. If you don't want to be a "left" bower in Progressive Cycling, be the "nght" one — show what the "Finest Bicycle Fac- tory in America" can do^it's a winning card. The three cards above illustrated will capture a whole pack of ordinary Ones in Progressive Cycling. Art Catalog tells the rest OVERMAN WHEEL CO. BOCTON. WASHINOTON. DENVER. SAN FRANCISCO. •33 m\ Specimen No. 67. WHEN? When we introdticed the Victor Hollow Rim and compelled our rivals to abandon solid and adopt hollow ones. (A few makers have gone back to the old method to save expense.) When we introduced the only reliable anti-vibratory device for a safety bicycle — namely, the Victor Spring Fork. When we substituted ball bearings for cones and compelled our rivals to follow as best they could. When we introduced the best cushion tire the world ever saw — the celebrated Victor Cushion Tire. And we shall come out once more at the big end of the horn with our new Victor Pneumatic Tire. Have you seen it ? Imprint. Specimen No. 68. TRADE PUBLICATION ADVERTISING. 139 'Advcrtitemeiits That A»»eil to the Refined Home Are What We Want." General advertisers wbo wish to cover the country in an experimental way can do so at a minimum of cost, by using one medium only, the "AmiMiacemeHts that Aopcal ta the ktfmti Home are what We Waal ' Experimental advertising should be started In a sIdkIc high'trade publication having a circulation large enough to prove whether the scheme is right or wrong. If saccessful, other good mediums cao then be added. Where the specialty to be pushed appeals to the average, well'to- do home, the first magazine used should be the Woman's Home Companion Woman's Home Companion which has a lower proportionate advertising rate than any other high grade woman's magazine in America — $1.75 a line, and over 300,000 subscribers. A proper advertisement in this great publication will pay well, after which the advertiser can select other good mediums. Forms for June issue close May 1st. Imprint. Specimen No. 69. which has over 300.000 sobscribers— million and a half readers— and charges but $1.75 a line, with ample discounts for space. The Companion rate is lower, in proportion to circulation, than Its only competitor in magazine quality, therefore if an advertising scheme is wrong and bound to be a loss anyway, the saving in the Companion, by reason of a lower sum total, Is well worth the con* sideratlon of every new advertiser. Qo cautious till yon KNOW— then push hard. Imprint. Specimen No. 70. circulation pointed the way to a $i publication, and to-day the Woman's Home Companion is uni- versally recognized as one of America's highest grade publications, notwithstanding the fact that it is printed in a little one-horse Western city, where the manufacture of agricultural implements is the principal industry, which only goes to further prove that it doesn't matter, as a rule, where you are located, providing brains and aggressiveness are put into the development of the business. Every trade publication ad. ought to secure almost as many regular readers, proportionately, as the department store ad. When the product will permit, there should be booklets or catalogs printed in the best possible style. These can be mailed to trade lists and also be sent in response to replies to ads. If the advertiser is willing to pay out an extra lO per cent, on the cost of trade publication space for special illustrations and features, it will not be many months before results will prove the wisdom of this course. The right ads. will create a desire on the part of thousands to see and read your booklets and other literature. Years ago a certain publisher did such good advertising that he educated the entire fraternity, and one of America's largest manufacturers paid him a high compliment when he instructed his advertising department to lay on his desk every blotter, circular, booklet, advertisement, etc., that emanated from the brain of this particular advertiser. Miscellaneous Advertising Circulars and Leaflets, Blotters, Mailing Cards, Window Cards and Dressing, Bill Boards, Street Cars, House Organs, — — ^= Novelties, Etc. — =^= While periodicals afford the cheapest and best means for advertising most things, yet there are other auxiliary forms that are profitable when intelligently executed. The common error is in supposing that these supplementary methods can take the place of regular advertising, and the desire to substitute is generally based on an attempt to save expense. There are few, if any businesses that cannot employ the periodical if they can anything, and the greater investment should not be rejected simply because something else costs far less. It will generally be found that results represent a certain percentage of profit, based on a given expendi- ture for advertising, and that the advertiser only gets what he pays for. In other words, if a cam- paign costing say $ 1,000.00 returns a profit of 1 100.00, it is folly to expect substitute or auxiliary advertising costing but 1 50.00 to do as well. And more than that, let it be understood that Booklets, Blotters, Street Cars, etc., only pay to any extent when used with regular advertising. In this connection I recall the attempt of a typewriter concern to mail catalogs direct to business men, instead of continuing its magazine advertising as had been the policy for a dozen years previously. The final result was that the catalogs did find customers for awhile, but as time advanced and the machine continued to lose its magazine prestige the catalogs dropped off in results until they scarcely paid their cost. While, of course, there are exceptions to all things, yet it is a pretty good rule to bear in mind that periodicals are the first necessity in promoting business. But this does not mean that the auxiliaries should be avoided ; on the contrary they ought to be a part of the complete publicity system. What is wanted at this time is a proper understanding of their worth. Circulars and Leaflets. Under this head comes an endless variety of styles, sizes, shapes, etc., and they are all good. Generally the leaflet or circular is used because the advertiser can't afford, or thinks he has no use for, a booklet or catalog. But there is a specific use for the former, even though the latter is employed. An idea like specimen No. 63 is almost as useful for a leaflet as for a trade paper ad. Left on counters or enclosed with correspondence it can hardly fail to pay its cost and something besides. Specimen No. 67 may also be included in these remarks, owing to the novelty of the illustrative scheme, and it would be particularly good on a four-page leaflet with matter relating to the three points brought out — finest factory, cushion tire and spring fork. Retailers ought to mail neatly prepared leaflets to a select list of families and a good plan is to do so monthly. The great department stores usually spend enormous sums in this way. For example, one eight-page leaflet is devoted to illustrating and describing Summer Furniture; another exploits a fine line of canned goods; while a third effort may be a twelve-page booklet on Parlor Decoration. One of Wanamaker's entitled " March is the Month for China" consisted of eight pages and an expensive cover in several colors. In a way it was a miniature catalog, with particularly tempting price oflferings. I prefer as a rule the smaller leaflet printed on fine coated book paper with good illustrations, to the cumbersome circular which is too often a commonplace affair. It pays to mail these both to customers and prospectives. 140 MISCELLANEOUS ADVERTISING. 141 Blotters and Their Use. Ordinary blotter advertising is a poor proposition. Millions of them are printed and at best they are but supplementary to regular advertising. If employed they should have the efl^ectiveness of the chatty ad. in com- bination with the catchy illustration. Speci- men No. 71 represents a good type, and almost any unique ad. along similar lines will also be eflTective. A proper arrangement of Specimen No. 23 aflrbrds possibilities, while Nos. 63, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69 and 70 can like- wise be made up for blotters with a reasonable certainty of being read. Blotters can be used by publishers and manufacturers who have trade lists, but they are hardly adapted to retail trade conditions. Specimen No. 38 would look well on a blotter, save for the reason that medical advertisers cannot use this form, owing to the fact that they can influence dealers only through the demand of consumers. If blotters are used at all, let it be a regular feature for a long period, and only as an auxiliary. Mailing Cards. A good mailing card, used in moderation, can be eflTective, but the mere massing of colors in some heavy, outlandish design is a foolish waste of cash. Too much has been expected of mailing cards, and at best I consider them inferior to blotters. Both should be sensibly catchy and contain text matter that will be read. The average mailing card is either a piece of poor printing on manilla board or tag stock, or a flashy color design on tinted tough check stock. The former is usually a mere type affair, while the latter is apt to have as its key note an illustration that is used on many customers' cards, by simply changing the read- ing. This ready-made, non-specific cut is just as bad for a mailing card as for a newspaper ad. If you can't aflford to have the illustrative scheme original and adapted to your product exclusively, then give up mailing cards. Window Cards and Dressing. Little need be said about the importance of window dressing, since every retailer of sense Told by Hundreds THE PULLING QUAU ITIES OF FARM AND FIRESIDE AS AN AD- VERTISING MEDIUM. The great superiority of Farm and Fireside over all others as an advertis- ing medium has been told for years TOLD BY the Keystone Woven Wire Fence Co., Chicago, who say Farm and Fireside is by long odds the most profitable advertising medium they ever used. TOLD BY the Sandwich Mfg. Co., Sandwich, 111., manufacturers of bahng presses, who say Farm and Fireside last year brought them more inquiries (that afterwards led to sales) than any other paper. TOLD BY Wm. Henry Maule, the noted seedsman of Philadelphia, and hundreds of others, all of whom unite in saying that Farm and Fireside is a " puller " and business bringer. Circulation "Way Up" Av erage for past three months 335.550 Copies per issue IMPRINT Specimen No. 71. 142 POWELL'S PRACTICAL ADVERTISER. There's a wrong impression about this Suit. It isn't as good as it loolcs, but $10 is a mighty low price for $30 appearance • Specimen Xo. 73. These Oxfords would have cost you $5, but the manufacturer failed and we scooped in all we could get. $3.25 while they last. Specimeu Xo. 72. (Original Size 6 inches.) Specimen Xo. 74. knows that this is one of the best ways of attracting trade. Have frequent changes, and don't stint the expenditure. A druggist brought back from Jamaica a large quantity of strings of beads madfe from odd native seeds. One week the window and store hung heavy with them — the following week they went on sale. Paper flowers, and similar decorations, will set off almost any line of goods. Window cards ought to say more than " Fine Overcoat only $1$" As a matter of fact much thought should be expended on them. Specimens Nos. 73 to 78 express my idea. A brief chatty ad. can often be used like Specimen No. 1 1 1 for example. Occasionally a complete chatty ad. as run in the newspaper can be painted on a full sheet card and displayed in the window in connec- tion with the goods to which it refers. Manufacturers in most lines will find it an inexpensive investment to furnish dealers with window cards. Specimen No. 72 shows another effort quite out of the ordinary. Bill Boards and Street Cars. The one great thing to remember when appropriating money for these forms of advertising is this : they are almost never able to create a demand for a new product. While good for old established advertisers, they are strictly auxiliary, and act largely on the reminder idea. The late Gerhardt Mennen once told me that bill boards and street cars had never paid him until his talcum powder had been sampled house to house and considerable periodical adver- tising had given a local reputation. A Massachusetts shoe polish manufacturer lost considerable money until I advised him to go into the papers first and street cars afterwards. Prices for displaying 11x21 cards in Elevated and Subway cars in New York are as follows, either system : all cars, $540.00 per month on yearly contract; one-half of all cars, I300.00 per month ; six months 10 per cent, additional, three months 15 per cent, additional. Street car rates in most cities will not greatly vary from 50 cents per car per month. Prices for bill boards vary according to location, colors, etc. Painted bulletin boards, accord- ing to the Gunning System, Chicago, usually average 25 feet in length at from 1 10.00 to $25.00 a month. Wall displays average 800 square feet at about 5 cents per square foot, or a year's guar- anteed display, 50,000 square feet, in Chicago, costs about $2,500.00 a year. Car cards 11x21 of striking color design are generally best. Too much text is out of place, although a good retail card can be made effective in a 36 point or 48 point type without display or illustration. Specialty advertisers get the best results from this kind of advertising. MISCELLANEOUS ADVERTISING. 143 We imported this exquisite Olive Oil for those who want the best. 90c. the quart bottle. Common sort 60c. Here's a chance to sponge on us to- day. If 18c. for these Rubber Sponges isn't sponging on our profits we need lessons in arithmetic. Specimen No. 75. Si>eelmen Xo. 77. Pretty gay ties, but Dame Fashion says they're correct, and we meekly submit. Your pick 39c. Buy one of these Oak Heaters and we'll make it hot for you. $4 to $35. Specimen Xo. 76. Specimen Xo. 78. House Organs. Small store papers or house organs are good advertising mediums. They can be of any size, but a large concern will find it best to issue in brief magazine form, say from eight to sixteen pages, 7 X 10, with a cover in one or two colors of ink. Good half-tone illustrations should be used to lend interest to the text. An organ of this description should be published monthly and be mailed to a trade list. Have special educational articles and let the news feature of the business be prom- inent. For the retailer, a monthly store paper, say 5 col. folio, on ordinary stock, will do good if carefully attended to. An effective yet economical plan is to have the house ads. occupy half the space, using plate matter, stories and miscellaneous reading for the balance. Manufacturers of specialties will furnish free cuts for any of their goods. A good co-operative plan is for a grocer, a clothier and a druggist, for example, to club together and share expenses together on a monthly house organ. This plan makes possible a large list of patrons to whom copies may be mailed monthly. Novelties for Advertising- Calendars, celluloid goods, etc., are not in themselves good trade-bringing mediums. But they are useful to a certain extent— as reminders, when presented to the trade. The insurance agent is expected to present calendars, and he should strive to have something catchy. Knives, match safes, pocket and memorandum books, etc., are particularly good for salesmen to give away once a year, and while unlikely to alone secure an extra order, yet they do produce good humor, which every drummer appreciates. It is doubtful, after all, whether novelties are really advertising, and I have often thought that they ought to be charged up to the salesman's expense account since he generally hands out or mails these trade jolliers to business friends simply as gifts. While certain articles like celluloid memorandum books, stamp holders, etc., are sometimes given away to consumers, yet they never really influence sales, more than an era of good feeling involves. And the indiscriminate use of the advertising novelty is pretty apt to prove a mighty bad investment. Better improve and beautify the booklet or other printed matter with the novelty money, and if you then favor presents have them good and practically for the trade only. The best method of distribution of novelties to consumers is at fairs and exhibits, as attractions, and people who attend these affairs are pretty apt to be worthy. Form Letter Writing Circular Letters a Misnomer, Elements to Incorporate, Two Classes of Letters, Getting Replies a Necessity, Errors to = Avoid, Examples and Criticisms = I dislike the term " circular letter," and believe it should never be used, since the main trouble with the great majority of imitation typewritten letters is that they are really nothing but circulars in the guise of personal correspondence — and no one is deceived, though often disgusted. Form letter seems to me a better name, and its contents should always savor of the personal element that obtains only when written out in long hand or is dictated to a stenographer. The moment the form letter writer begins to figure out that he has at his disposal one or two solid pages, then a circular pure and simple results. Although thousands of advertisers, and business men who don't advertise, mail millions of these imitation letters, yet their usefulness, when properly prepared, will not diminish. Elements to Incorporate. A form letter should be as personal in tone as possible. Some of the best efforts have been made up from portions of personally written or dictated letters, and in this way the wording is pretty apt to be natural and therefore wholly different from that employed in space filling. For example, all advertisers constantly receive many letters from people who ask numerous questions in addition to requesting a booklet or catalog. Withm a few months the person who answers any concern's correspondence will find himself or herself dictating substantially the same replies, and by examining a large number of copies of old letters many a paragraph here and there will be found useful for incorporating in form letters. As much as possible, these should anticipate the most important and more frequent queries, especially in a series of follow-up letters. Two kinds of form letters are employed — those in reply to requests for literature, etc., and those sent out unsolicited. Form Letter No. i is a good representative of the latter class, and No. 2 is a poor one of the former class. In either case the form letter should be a good imitation of a typewritten letter, with the name, address, etc., perfectly matched on the typewriter. Many printers make a specialty of this work, and it doesn't pay to have cheapness the main consideration. Now that the carbon copy method has largely replaced the old copy book with its blurred, and often indistinct, appearance, the best form letters are printed to imitate the ribbon effect. The entire letter, with facsimile signature in black or color, is set up in modern typewriter type that exactly matches the standard makes of typewriters, and an inch or more blank space left at the top enables the typewriter to fill in the name, address, etc., so that the complete letter has every appearance of being a genuine dictated one. Of course most people of intelligence know that a reply to their request for literature must be a stock form, but if the matching is good and the letter sensibly brief and personal in tone, it accomplishes as much good as though it were actually dictated. The main winning elements in brief are : directness, natural tone, avoidance of rehash of technical facts that properly belong in printed literature, and an effort to induce the recipient to sit right down and answer your letter — and ask more questions. Many a person has been so' impressed with certain form letters that he or she felt it a duty to reply, even if but to inform the 144 FORM LETTER WRITING. 145 W. D. BOYCE CO. BOYCE'S WEEICLIES and WOMAN'S AYORLD Boyce Building, Chicago, Jan. 30, 1905. George H. Powell, 913 Temple Court, Norfolk. Dear Sirl- Mr. R. W. Sears of Sears, Roebuck & Co. advertised in our papers 18 years ago, and he has been a customer ever since. He spends half a million dollars a year in papers that circulate in the country. His sales for 1904 will amount to about $30,000,000.00 He knows where to get the trade that stays and pays . BOYCE 'S WEEKLIES and WOMAN'S WORLD circulate wholly in the country and reach every seventh family of those who form 69^5 of the population. Follow Sears. W. G. F. S. Respectfully yours. W. D. Boyce Co. Form Lictter No. 1. advertiser that the ad. had been answered " without realizing that the goods cost so much," etc. Many a time, too, these same people have done so much hard thinking when laboring with their replies that they saw a way to afford the price, which resulted in this first letter being destroyed and an order-letter sent instead. When you can get the recipient to write you, much has been accomplished, and this should be kept in mind in preparing form letters, especially the follow-ups. Errors to Avoid. Make the letters brief. A single page is almost always better than two or more. No sensi- ble business man would write two or three solid pages merely because the party had asked for a catalog. Be almost as brief as you would were you actually dictating. Don't crowd or run in solid — remember paragraphs. Don't make a form letter a continuous effort to fool people. The practice of leaving lines blank in the center of the letter to be matched and filled in by the typewriter, is insulting and unlikely to fool anyone except the advertiser. For example: "and we beg to assure you, Mr. Brown," etc., appearing in the midst of the letter is intended to convince the reader that it is a dictated letter, but this filled line closely adjoining the printed letter on two sides, is never a good match in ink or impression, and thus much labor is lost. Don't try to cover the business points that are, or should be, in printed literature. Remem- ber that the main object of a form letter reply is to show the inquirer for a booklet, etc., that the 146 POWELL'S PRACTICAL ADVERTISER. MA.ILI OROBR DBPARTMBNT Metal 3^\jrniture Mfg. Co. ■ay 12, 1904. Mk*. Henry ■• Chandler* newark, Ohio. Dear Slr:- ^^^^ \yr>^r^- 150 POWELL'S PRACTICAL ADVERTISER. KEY PUBLICATION //^/ /y^^^ /y^^j /y^>y /y^^j- / V^f ?^^€€ft^-t^ £. Ut^4^^t^a' I$»U0. / Spaie ^ y ^^^J f^ Price, t ^f^J^-^^ INQUIRIES (dg>^ /^^J Month 1 3 8 4 5 s 7 8 9 10 11 13 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 Total JAN. /^ // // /^ / ^^ //y X2 /o / 9 6 /^ _ /9 J 7 / / /M 6 .— 7 / f^ / ^ 9 — 7 / J ^// FEB. ^ / / ^ MARCH APRIL MAY —^ JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT. NOV. DEC 1st or Lieft-hand pa§re of Inquiry and Receipt Book. (9x1 li inclies.) RECEIPTS. MOMTB 1 2 3 4 S c 7 8 9 10 11 1* 13 14 IS 16 17 18 19 to 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 39 30 81 TOTAI JA». /M Sa ^ y^ 7/.H ^S/A^o 1»KBi. 2d or Rigrlit-liand pagfe of Inquiry and Receipt Book. (9x1 1| inches.) Daily Results for the Month of 190 — NA.ME OF PAl'EU 10 11 12 13 U 15 16 17 18 19 20 2-2 33 24 25 26 28 29 30 31 Montiily Book for Dally Results of All Publications. (12x12 inches.) this month, and dailies and most weeklies collect the month after the advertising appears. This book indicates when bills must be paid. The Index and Total Result Book is a veritable prize, for each publication has a page or more, and two years' results of a magazine are before you for instant comparison, providing, of course, each ad. is keyed. Inquiries or replies to the ad. are noted in the (I) column, and sales in the (S) column. These should be in pencil, and if changes are noted daily the advertiser loses no time in posting up on any publication's pulling qualities. The Inquiry and Receipt Book is indispensable, as will be appreciated by carefully studying the reduced reproductions herewith from my own system. The Monthly Book of Daily Results is often used, but it is unnecessary if the Inquiry and Receipt Book is relied on. Booklet & Catalog Advertising Characteristic Differences Between Booklets, Catalogs and Primers Examples for Study, Worthlessness of Commonplace Effects, Virtue of Original Brevity, Follow-up Requirements, Etc. If the economical advertiser could see the fate of the average booklet or catalog he would hold up his hands in protest against the further squandering of large sums of the hard-earned coin of the realm on business literature that benefits only the printer and Uncle Sam. Millions upon millions of copies in- tended to educate people and secure a paying patronage find their way into the waste basket and junk shop without the recipients being even aware of the subjects treated. The trouble may be classified under three general heads — first, common- place appearance which is devoid of special interest; second, dry, uninteresting text matter with neither proper division or logi- cal sequence ; and third, absence of illus- trations. While no set form or rule can be laid down, yet certain elements and characteris- tics should be thoroughly understood, after which innovations and variations will not interfere with harmony and interest. The first thing needed at this time is an understanding as to the characteristics and Special Duties of Booklets, Primers and Catalogs. First, let us consider the regular stan- dard catalog, which was in use long before booklets and primers were thought of. While to a certain extent the booklet often takes the place of the catalog, yet for many lines of business the latter should be a special efl?brt and be prepared in accordance with certain well defined condi- tions. Let us consider the case of a manu- facturer of a large line of sporting goods for example. Anywhere from a dozen to forty or more pages must be devoted to illustrating and describing the various arti- cles, together with prices. No great literary , Ml „„^^-«* The Cover Design, illustrating the sale of New York (Manhattan Island) in i6»4i by ability is here possible or necessary, except Indians to early Dutch traders— also present sky Une. 153 154 POWELL'S PRACTICAL ADVERTISER. The Power of Wheels f Cover Pase Do you know that the wheel is the connecting link between barbarism and civilization, poverty and wealth ; that by it the world moves, and upon it all great work depends ? Pase 2 There Is a Tide In the Affairs of Man, Which if Taken at its Flood, Leads on to Victors Pace 1 Do you know that the horse which staggers with 500 pounds upon his back trots off easily with 2,o