" ax^dCfr^ ^liryfUjt. StU-i^--^^^^**^ Ic^'*^^^^ fT^CYt^^tl't-'i^i*^ C^>^ ^i^^ayi^^^c , f^ ' i/^yfi^y^***' ih^iiM^^^n^ Sif^u/yU^it. . ^^^"7 BIBLIOGRAPHICAL ESSAY ON THE COLLECnON OF VOYAGES AND TRAVELS, EDITED AND PUBLISHED BY LEVIiNUS HULSIUS. Jl^ /^^y^' A^-t^c^e^-p^^/T^^n^'^^ /&^ ■o C^^ 7' BIBLIOGRAPHICAL ESSAY ON THE COLLECTION OF VOYAGES AND TRAVELS, EDITED AND PUBLISHED BY LEVIINUS HULSIUS AND HIS SUCCESSORS AT NUREMBEKG AND FRANCFORT FROM ANNO 1598 TO 1660. BY A. ASHER. \ - ^ LOiNDON AND BERLIN. A, ASHEK. 1839. TO CHARLES RITTER Esq. PROFESSOR I\ THE UNIVERSITY OF BERLIN, &c. . Sic. &c. THE FIRST TO ELEVATE GEOGRAPHY TO A SCIENCE THIS ESSAY IS INSCRIBED IN TESTIMONY OF ADJURATION AND ESTEEM. 1804C3 PREFATORY RE3L\RKS. If it cannot be denied that the Literary Productions of any given Period mark the State and Progress of the human mind and thus become the Standard whereby to judge the Nations of ancient and modern Times: it must be of interest to trace the march of BookselHng as that Hnk between the PubUc and the Author whose study it is to test the wants and desires of the one in order to stimulate the abiUties and exertions of the other, and thus to give birth to such Works as most readily will repay the labour and Capital of the 'dealer in mental food.' It is this consideration which has induced the Author of the present Essay, himself one of the Bibliopolic fraternity, to exa- mine the Publications of Levinus Hulse or Hulsius, a man whose services to Litterature both as an Author and a Publisher, deserve to be more known than they at present are. Altho' I propose to enumerate all the Works published by him, it is his Collection of Voyages and Travels that has attracted my PREFATORY REMARKS. particular study and this Essay of which one hundred and twenty number'd copies only are printed, has been published in the present quarto form in order to match with the * Col- lection' alluded to and which it is intended to illustrate and to introduce to the Notice of the Literary and Curious. February 1. 1839. CONTENTS: Introductory Remarks Page 7. Some Account of the Life of Levitos Hulsius 12. The Collection of Navigations published by Levinus Hulsius. Part. I. First Voyage of the Dutch to the East Indies, March 1595 to August 1597. (De Brfs pet. Voyages., part III. — Camus, aiemoire, p. 200; .17. Part II. Second Voyage of the Dutch to the East Indies, under Captain Neck, March 1598 to May 1600. (De Bry, Petits Voyages, part V. — Camus, Memoire, p. 213 to 217^ 19. Part ni. Attempts of the Dutch to find a North -East Passage, 1594 to 1596. (De Bry, Petits Voyages, part 111. — Camus p. 205; 22. Part IV. Ulric Schmidel's Account of the Brazils, 1534 to 1554. (De Bry, Grands Voyages, part VII. — Camus, Me'moire, p. 83 and foil) 34. Part V. Sir Walter Raleigh's Account of Guiana, 1594 to 1596. (De Bry., Grands Voyages., part Vlll. — Camus, Memoir e, p. 97J 38. Part VI. The four first Circumnavigations of the Globe. Magellan, Aug. 1519 to Septbr. 1522. (De Bry, Grands Voyages, part IV. — Camus, Memoire, p. 29; 44. a2 4 CONTENTS. Drake, Decbr. 1577 to July 1580. (De Bry, Grands Voyages, part P'lJI. — Camus, p. 92^ Page 44. Cavendish, July 1586 to Septbr. 1588. (De Bry, Grands Vo- yages, part FIJI. — Camus, p. ^6) 45. Oliver de Noordt, July 1598 to August 1601. (De Bry, Grands Voyages, part IX. — Camus, 122> 45. Part Vn. Discoveries and Establishment of the Dutch on the Coast of Guinea, November 1600 to 1602. (De Bry, Petits Voyages, part VI. — Cajnus, Mcmoire, p. 217 to 224; 47. Part Vm. Voyages of the Dutch to the East Indies 52. Under Gerhard le Roy, December 1598 to June 1602 57. Under Admiral Hermans, April 1602 to IMarch 1603 57. Under Admiral Heemskerken, April 1601 to 1604 58. Under Jacobus von Neck, January 1600 to 1603 ....... 58. Under Wibrand de Warwick 58. (De Bry, Petits Voyages, part VIII. — Camus, Memoire, p. 238^. Part IX. Voyage of Admiral von der Hagen to the East Indies and Transactions of the Dutch in that Quarter during the Years 1604 and 1605. (De Bry, PetHs Voyages, part VIII. — Camus, Mc- moire, p. 'liZ—2i\) 60. Part X. The Expedition of the Dutch Fleet under Admiral Cornells Matelief (East Indies), May 1605 to March 1608 61. Part XI. Dutch Expedition to the East Indies under Admiral Ver- huffen, in the Yeai's 1607 to 1612. (Dc Bry, Petits Voyages, part IX. — Camus, Memoire, p. 246 — 253^ 63. Part Xn. Accounts of the Attempts of the English and the Dutch COMEMS. 5 lo discover a Polar Passage. (De Bry, Pctits Voyages, -part X. — Camus. Jlc/noire, p. 253 — 258^ Page 65. Part Xin. Ralphe Ilamor's Account of Virginia. (De Bry, Grands Voyages^ part X. — Camus ^ Memoir e, p. 142 — 1-44^ .... 68. Part. XIV. Captain John Smilirs Account of New -England. (De Bry, Grands Voyages, part X. — Camus, Memoire, p. 144 — 147^ 72. Part XV. Captain Robert Covcrte's Travels in the Interior of Asia, INIarch 1607 to April 1611. (De Bry, Petits Voyages, part XJ. — Camus, Memoirc: p. 266> 76. Part X\l. Captain William Schouten's Expedition to the Pacific, Ao. 1615 to 1617. (De Bry. Grands Voyages, part XI. — Camus, Memoir e, p. 148 — 153> 79. Part XML George Spilbergen's Expedition to the Pacific, Ao. 1614 to 1616. (De Bry. Grands Voyages, part XI. — Camus, Me- moire, p. io3 — l59j 83. Part XVin. Ilerrera's Account of the West Indies. (De Bry, Grands Voyages, part XII. — Camus, Memoire, p. 160 — 166^ ... 86. Part XIX. Samuel Braun's five Voyages in different Parts of the World. (De Bry, Pctits Voyages, part I. — Camus, Memoire, p. 183 — 186; 88. Part XX. Accounts of New -England, Virginia and the Bermuda Is- lands, chiefly extracted from Whitbourne's Account. (De Bry, Grands Voyages, part XIII — Camus, Memoire, p. 172 . . 91. Part XXI. Enterprises of the Dutch in the Brazils. (Dc Bry, 6 COx\TENTS. Grands P^oyages, part XIII. — Camus, Memoire, p. 17-4, 176 to 180) Page 94. Part XXII. Jacob rHermite's Voyage round tLe World, Ao. 1623 to 1626. (De Bry, Grands Voyages, part XIII. — Camus, Me- moire, p. ill and foil.) 96. Part XXIII. Voyage to Mai la by the Brothers von Streitberg . . . 103. Part XXIV. a. Voyage of Bontekoe van Hooru to the East Indies and China, Ao. 1618 to 1625 105. b. Voyage of Ravens to Spitzbergen, Ao. 1639 lOS. Part XXV. Brawer and Herkennan's Expedition to Chili, Ao. 1642 to 1643 109. Part XXVI. Danish Attempts to discover a North -west Passage under Jens Munck, Ao. 1619 and 1620 111. List of Books of which Levinus Hulsius vras both the Editor and Publisher 115. BIBLIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIR OF THE COLLECTION OF VOYAGES A^D TRAVELS. PUBLISHED BY L. HULSIUS. L Introductory Remarks. Of all the authentic collections of early Voyages and Travels, which furnish the materials for Universal History, none deserves more to be better known and appreciated than that published by Levinus Hulsius. It is mentioned as rare and valuable by Haller,*) Meusel -) and Freytag,^) but the attention of the curious i) Earn coUectio etimn (he says in speaking of De Bar's collection) Levinus Hulsius in 4io reddidit ah Anno 1590 ad Annum 1650, quo toms 26 prodiit, QUAE RARISSDIA EST EDITIO, — Bibliotkeca Botanica, /.. p. 378. No. 383. 2) Levini Hulsii, (linguae franco gallic ae magistri, matJtematici , notarii ac bibliopolae JSorimhergensis) 1% Schiffahrten (JSavigations), part I. — VIll. Norimbergae, 1598 — 1602, Pars VIII. etiayn nb Hulsio francofurti, reliquae vero ab aliis editae sunt, v. c. a G. Arthusio, Christophoro Blon, editaeque partini Francofurti, parlini Oppenheiinii, partim Hanoviae, ultima quideni 1650. 4/o. Unaquaeque pars singular em habet titulum; OMNES RARISSI.VE JUNCTIM COISSPICIUNTUR. Belgarum in primis navigationes versus Indiam orien- iaJem et occidentalem describuntur. Bibliotkeca historica. Vol. II. p. /., p. 336, Z) Levinus Hulsius, Sammlung etc. (Collection of 26 JSavigations etc.). De hoc opere, quod Levinus Hulsius, linguarum exoticarum Doctor etc. ad 8 ITsTRODUCTORY REMARKS. was not directed to the Examination of its contents before the year 1802, when Camus by an order of the french Institute published his well known Memoire of De Bry *). "La plupart" says Camus, p. 12 of this Memoire, "la plu- part de ces collections anciennes etant dans des langues qui ne sont pas familieres a tout le monde, et leurs exemplaires complets etant rares, il serait a souhaiter que Ton donnat sur chacune des notices, qui rendissent plus generale la connois- sance des pieces qu'elles renferment, et plus faciles les re- cherches qu'on pent avoir a y faire." This Observation and that of the late lamented Dr. Ebert ^) copied by Brunet^) and reported below, has induced me to imitationern operis hodoeporici Fratrum de Bry. dhersis atuiis et variis voluminibus edid'it, Jiacc Jeghmis in Catal. Rmckian, p. 239. Es ist gegen- iviirtige etc. etc. (i. e. The present Collection of HULSIUS is of the very- rarest occurrence, so much so THAT A COMPLETE COLLECTION OF IT HAS HARDLY EVER BEEN SEEN, because every piece has been printed seperately and at different times). Analecta litterar.. p. 472. 4^ 3Iemoire sur la Collection des Grands et Pctits Voyages et sur la Collection des Voyages de Melchisedech Thevenot. Par A. G. Camus. Im- prime par Vordre et aux frais de VInstitut. Paris, a?t XI. ^1802^. 5j Allgemeines Bibliographisches Lexicon von Friedrich Adolf Ebert. Leipzio', 1821. 2 vols. kto. (lately translated into English and published at Oxford), vol. L, No. 10365. '■'This Collection of Voyages is as interesting as thai of De Bry, but it is more scarce and less hnown^ 6> Nouvelles Recherches Bibliographiques par Jac. Ch. Brunet. Paris- 1834. 3 vol, Sro. See: vol. 2, p. 205. Article Hu/sius: '■•Ce recueil de Vo- yages, en partie traduits du Hollandois, est beaucoup moins connu que celui des freres de Bry, mais il est aussi intcressant , ET CEBTAiyEMEXT PLIS INTRODUCTORY REMARKS. 9 draw up the present Memoir, in Aviiicli I intend to follow the plan laid down by Camus. The similarity of this Collection with that of De Bry is such, that as we see above, Haller and others consider'd them to be identical, but I will try to show by Comparison and other proofs that they fully deserve that attention, which Ebert and Brunet claim for them: and that in fact they are at once more useftd, more curious and much rarer than the famed Collection of De Bry. Camus, Dibdin (see '^ Library Companion^*) and all the Biographers of the De Bry's have claimed for them the honour of being clever Engravers but nobody has even as much as asserted, that they understood the languages from which the translation of the works published by them were made. Camus on the contrary in a great many instances complains of their having mutilated and perverted the meaning of the originals, they were forced to employ men such as Arthur of Dantzic, the very "Grub -Street -author" of their Time. Hulsius on the contrary is allowed by all parties to have been a very able mathematician, "learned in the foreign Languages" (see Freytag and Haller as quoted in note 1 and 2), and the very preface to the third part of our Collection shows as well as BARE EXCORE A TROVVER, poTtoiit avec toiites les parties en editions originales.' B 10 INTRODUCTORY RE31ARKS. the numerous Notes and Illustrations with wliich he has enriched his pubheations, that he was beyond comparison the most clever of the two Competitors for the favour of the Public. This appears to have been acknowledged even at the time, for of many of his parts four or even five Editions may be traced, whereas no more than three of any De Bry's are known to exist. Although rarity be no claim for the mere student, it has become such with the Curious, and in this respect our Col- lection certainly claims the preference as being the rarest of the two. The long lapse of time — full sixty years, from 1598 to 1(350 — which lies between the publication of the first and last Editions, as well as the different places, where the books were published, must have made it almost impossible for one man to collect at the time the whole of these parts and I doubt very much whether a complete Set — complete so as to con- tain all the Editions of all the parts ') — is to be met w ith in any Library! Having thus proved the Superiority of Our Collection to that of De Bry, botli as "useful" and as a "rare" Work, I need 1) See Page 117 where at the End of the Catalogue of Books, edited and -published by Hulsius. I give a list of all the Editions of the Voyages and Travels. LMRODUCTORY KE3IARKS. It but add that, "If there be truth in report" De Bry's "Peregri- nations" have been paid 200, 300, 400, in one instance ac- cording to Dibdin (Library Companion, p. 376^ even 546 Pounds SterUng and leave the "gentle Reader" to judge of the pecuniary Value of a Complete Copy of Hulslus, if such a Copy ever can be found. B!2 11. Some Account of the Life of Levinus Hulsius. Levinus or Laevinus Hulse, a countryman of Theodore de Bry's, ■vvas born at Ghent ^) about the year 1546, the descendant of a respectable and ^\ealthy family. He at an early age evinced great abilities and pursued the study of Language and the Ma- thematics in the Seminaries and Universities of his Country. When of a maturer age he imbibed the principles of Protes- tantism taught in Germany by Luther and became one of the most active advocates of Church Reform. A decree of the Spanish Monarch, at that time master of the Netherlands, proscribed all adherents of the new principles and with them Hulse, who was thus forced to leave Iiis Coimtry and his Pos- sessions and who at once become a beggar thrown upon the world and upon his own abilities for even the common neces- saries of Life. Hulse like De Bry who advocated the same SJ Swertii, Athenac BeJgicae, p. 505. — Valerius Andreae, Bibliotheca BeJgica. — Anionius Sander, de Scriptor'ibus Flandriae. — Foppens Biblio- theca Belgian. — Saxii Onoinasticon Litterarium. — Doppclmayer, ISochricliicn 'Von den Nurnbergischen Mathematicis. — JVille, lSurnbergisch.es Gelehrten- Lexicon. — Jochers Gelehrten- Lexicon. — Allgemeines Historisches Lexicon. — Meusel, Bibliotheca Historica, vol. IL, p. 1. — Freyiag, Analecta Liiteraria, p. 472. — Alphabetische Naemlyst der herocmde Gcnicnacren in de Hisiorie ran Belgis, van M, Paerncnyck, Gend. SOME x\CCOUNT OF LEYINUS HULSIUS. 13 principles bent his steps towards Germany and the favorable reception with which the latter met at Francfort induced our Author to settle at Nuremberg about the Year 1590. This City was at the Time one of considerable Importance both in a scientific and a commercial point of View; above thirty eminent Booksellers and Publishers flourished under the protection of the University of AltdorfF (removed to Erlangen in 1809), si- tuated in the near Vicinity of Nm*emberg and our author here soon found profitable employment. He first availed himself of his knowledge of Languages, teaching French and Italian, then became a Notary Public and in 1594 began the Trade of a Bookseller, publishing his o\^ti Works ^) as well as those of other Authors. It is evident that both the Teacher and the Notary must have severely felt the want of a Dictionary of which at that period there existed none in Germany, and it is no small Proof of Hulse's ability that the first Work of the kind, the ^'Dic- tionnaire frau^ais-allcmand et allcmand-frangais^ (See List, No. 11), which he compiled and published in 1590 as well as his grammars and Italian Dictionaries were much approved of and very frequently reprinted. In 1594 when his abilities had already made him known 9> See p. 115 for a "List of IVorks of which L. UiiJsius n-os ihc Auihor and Publisher. 14 SOME ACCOUNT OF LEYL\US HULSIUS. and acknowledged, Cornelius de Judaeis, one of the Professors of the University of x^Itorff engaged Hulse, who by this Time has appended to his name the letters iis^ and thereby changed it into that of Hulsius — to publish the Work on the use of IMathematical Instruments the full Title of which is reported under No. 1 of the "List." De Judaeis furnished the Plates which he had engraved before he made the acquaintance of Hulsius aud urged him to continue his Labours in this Depart- ment. Thus we fmd in the List a number of Books on these Subjects and it appears from the Preface of the Work entitled "Ocularis and radicalis Deraonstratio" (List, No. 5), that he always kept on sale a large assortment of mathematical Instru- ments, at different prices. His treatises appear to have met w ith a very rapid sale, as most of them were frequently republished and this Success led him to compile several geographical Works, a task well fitted to the abilities of a man who had now be- come eminent as a mathematician and good Scholar. In 1598 he was induced by the success of the pubHcation of his Countrymen John Theodore and John Israel de Bry, who were established at Francfort, to undertake the translation of those Narratives of Voyages and Travels which then ap- pear'd in different parts of the World, particularly in Holland and England and which form the principal Subject of this Memoir. He also planned the publication of a Mathematical Ency- SOIVIE ACCOLNT OF LEYI^US UULSIUS. 15 clopaedia \vlilch was to be composed of a series of treatises on all mathematical Instruments known at his Time and of wliicli the four Works enumerated under No. 13, 14, 15 and 16 of the "List" formed the first four Parts. In order to collect ma- terials for these Works as well as to dispose of a number of his Books by introducing them to the Notice of foreign Scho- lars he undertook in January 1600 a Journey to Holland and England, which turned out very much to his advantage. ^^) On his return from this Journey he appears to have re- solved to remove to Francfort on the Maine, probably in order to avail himself of the advantages offer'd to him as a Bookseller by the fairs established in that city and perhaps prompted by the desire of living in the vicinity of the De Bry's with whom he was at this time on very friendly terms. I have not been able to find an exact account of the time when he carried this design into Execution but suppose from the facts adduced below, ^^) that it must have taken place in the beginning of the lOj Doppehnayer, p. 163. \i) The Sixth Part of our Collection was publ'islied at Nuremberg '•//«- pensis CoUcctorls, 1603," the Dedication is signed"Francfort, loth August i602.'' The seventh Part appear d at Francfort (printed by TV. Richter), 1603, the preface is signed Francfort, \^th May 1603, and if ne take into Consideration that the forms he was obliged to go through before he was allotced to es- tablish at Francfort Tuight then, as they would even now, have consumed six or eight months of his valuable Time, the date of his removal to thai City might be fixed as having taken place in December 1602 or Ja- nuary 1603. 16 SOME ACCOUNT OF LEYINUS HULSIUS. year 1603. During that and the following years we find him engaged in numerous literary undertakings — he hoth reprinted such of his Works of which new Editions had become neces- sary and continued his Collection of Voyages and Travels and mathematical Treatises above alluded to, but was interrupted in both by his Death which took place early in 1606. One of his mathematical Treatises (List, No. 9) and the 8th and following Parts of his Collection of Voyages and Travels were published by his Widow and Successors partly from papers left by Hul- sius and in some instances in Conjunction with the De Bry's. *-) 12; See the Xlth part of our Collection. THE COLLECTION OF NAVIGATIONS PUBLISHED BY LEVINUS HULSIUS. PART I. First Expedition of the Dutch to the East Indies. The complete Title (of the third and subsequent Editions) runs as follows: Erste Schiffahrt, i. e. First Navigations into the East Indies, made by the Dutch vessels which sailed out in March 1595 and return'd in August 1597 wherein the success of the whole voyage is recounted shortly but truly, ^^^th some necessaiy explanations, maps and plates, by Levinus Hulsius. Nuremberg, Hulsius, 1598. — Dedication 1 leaf. Text 76 pages, 13 plates and maps. The title of the first Edition which was printed before Hulsius had determin'd to publish a Series (see p . . ante) of course omits the words „ first Navigation" and runs as fol- lows: „Short and true description of the new voyage or jour- ney of the Dutch vessels into the East Indies which etc. etc. as above. Translated correctly from the Dutch. Nurnberg, c y 18 NAYIGATIONS, PART FIRST. 1598. Text 72 pages. — Each part has an engraved yignette on the Title page, that of the part 1st represents the ^vestern Hemisphere and a -svindrose. — On comparing this account with that of the same voyage pubUshed hy de Bry (see Camus Memoive p. 200) it appears hy a passage at the end that the author copied hy Huisius was aboard the Hollandia and the other, copied by de Bry, ahoard the Mauritius, two vessels which formed part of this Expedition. Although the accounts do not materially dif- fer, they serve in many instances to explain one another. The latin Edition of the de Brys account bearing date 1601, is very much corrupted and even the German did not appear until 1599, after two Impressions of Hulsius's had been sold off, by which circumstance it would appear that Ilulsius had better means of getting early possession of the originals than his com- petitors. — The plates representing views which appearently have been taken on the spot, are identical in de Bry and Hui- sius, others which have been drawn from imagination differ of course ; and in our Edition Huisius has not alone added several Maps, but also geographical Illustrations — a task to which, from his superior knowledge and studies in Geometry and Navi- gation, he was fully competent. NAYIGATIO?sS, PART SECOND. 19 PART n. Second Expedition of the Dutch to the East Indies. Ander Scliiffahrt: i. e. Second Voyage into the Oriental Indies, made by the Dutch vessels ^vhich sail'd out in March 1598 and of which the two last returned in May 1600 (with a great Treasure of Spices), with some necessary explanations, maps and plates, by Levinus Ilulsius. Nuremberg 1602. — The en- graved "Vignette on the Title represents the Kings of Ternate and Tuban and a warrior from Banda. Dedication 1 leaf. Text 126 pages. 15 plates and maps. — This voyage which by Hulsius's later arrangements has become the second of the series, was published considerably later than those which he has called the 3d. 4th. and 5th, (see below) and he was probably induced to this arrangement by the consideration that both accounts were by their contents so nearly connected that they ought to follow one another. This Part corresponds with de Brys pclils Voyages part V; but is illustrated by the very curious and useful explanations with which Hulsius has enriched his publications. Camus taxes the author of the latin edition of de Bry with „ inexactitude'* (Memoirep. 2iiJ and alledges that for instance he ought to have stated the number of men on board the vessels to have been c2 20 NAVIGATIONS, PART SECOND. 560 instead of 1 60, in Hulsius however the latter statement is pre- served and here it cannot be a simple error of the press be- cause the number is expressed by letters and not by cyphers. The second Edition of this part appear'd at Francfort 1605 and the 3d, in which the preface is not reprinted, bears date 1615, Frankf. Hulsius Widow. For the following short ana- lysis of the objects and results of the Expeditions related in these two parts, I am indebted to the author of the „ History of British India" (vol. I. p. 330). „The Dutch, after casting off the yoke of Spain, began earnestly to apply themselves to commerce; and as they were prevented by Philipp from procuring Oriental productions at Lisbon, they determined to seek for them in India itself. With this view they fitted out a fleet which penetrating by the for- bidden channel, appeared, to the dismay of the Portuguese, among the Moluccas. Here the sagacious Hollanders were not slow in supplanting their rivals in the Spice trade, whilst they were very little scrupulous in the application of force, as soon as they saw ground to expect, that it might be applied advan- tageously. After a brief, but sharp struggle, the Portuguese were wholly expelled from the Moluccas, establishments were next formed at Java and Sumatra, and rapid strides were made towards the erection of a new monopoly, which threatened to engross all the most valuable commerce of these regions. Nor NAVIGATIONS, PART SECOxVD. 21 were tlie Dutch less careful in providing means for the pro- tection of the trade, than industrious in securing the trade itself. They erected forts at convenient stations, which they lilled with soldiers, while their armed fleets swept the bays and chan- nels both of the Chinese and Pacific oceans with a force, which even England would have found it a hard matter, at that time, adequately to oppose." 22 NAVIGATIONS, PART THIRD. PART III. Attempts of the Dutch to discover a ISorth-East passage. Dhitte Theil etc. i. e. Third part, true Relation of the three unheard of curious Navigations made by the Dutch and Zea- land vessels towards the North, in three succeeding years, viz. Ao. 1.594, 1595, 1596 etc. etc. translated from the Dutch into High -German by Levinus llulsius. Nuremberg 1602. Yignette: a vessel surrounded by ice. Dedication 1 leaf, — Levinus Hul- sius's preface, 12 pages, (from the 5th page onward a much different type has been employed,) Gerard de Veers preface 4 pages, (all not numbered) 146 numbered pages. — 35 plates and maps. — [The „Secunda Editio" Nuremberg 1602. 3d Edition Frank- fort 1612, 4lh Frankf. 1660] In the dedication to the 2d Edition Hulsius states that although 1500 Copies had been printed of the 1st Ed. the pre- face of which is dated 6 February 1602, he was now, in Oc- tober, induced to publish a second because „numerous amateurs" were anxious to buy this work and moreover because he had heard that the Dutch had determin'd to renew their search of a North-East passage, having now removed the difficulties which frustrated their first attempts. — The Second Edition NAyIGATIO^'S, PART THIRD. 23 however and all the following have been very materially abridged and it is necessary in a good and complete set of Hulsius, to have the first Edition. Of this two Sorts exist: one dated 1598, the title of which, without reference to the two former voyages commences with the words : „WarhafftIge Re- lation" (true Account) the dedication of this Ed. is signed: Norinihergae, ex Museolo 10 Aug. 1598 and a second the title of which Ed. referring to the two first Voyages bears jjDrltte Theil imd wahrhafftlge Relation" (third part and true account). The dedication of this Edition is signed in German „In FrancJi- flirt istAiig. 1602." There is scarcely any difference between these two Editions, it being only the first sheet (4 leaves) that has been reprinted, with very few additions in the second Ed. From leaf 5 onward both are identical ; they both finish on the Recto of page 146 by a list of the 12 men which returnM from the voyage and the Colophon: Nuremberg printed by Christoff Loch- ner for Lcvimis Hulsius, 1598. This Part of one Collection may be consider d as one of the most interesting of the Series. „The account of the first voyage raised the Hopes of those who panted for a Discovery of a North-eastern passage to China'** and after the return of the first five, seven more vessels were equipped in Consequence of the pressing Entreaties of Barentz and Linschot who conducted * History of Maritime and Inland Discovery ia Lardners Cabinet Cyclopaedia. U , NAVIGATIONS, PART THIRD. the first Expedition; tlie former was appointed Commander of the fleet and with him embarked Jacob Heemskirk and Gerard de Veer, the latter of whom described the 2d and 3d Voyage. Camus's accomit of the Contents of this part being yerv^ meagre, I here insert another, extracted from the second volume of the ,, History of Maritime and Inland Discoveries' (p. 155 and foil.) When the Dutch were driven to assert their independence, and to aim at sharing in that lucrative commerce which had hitherto been engrossed by the Spaniards, they did not at first think of encountering their oppressors in their established track, but deemed it more advisable to reach the Indies, if possible, by a course to which usurpation had hitherto advanced no claim. In consequence, they turned all their attention to the discovery of a north-eastern passage, and in 1594 the united Provinces sent forth an expedition, of which Corneles Cornelison was admiral and William Barentz the chief pilot. Cornelison having passed North Cape, found the weather in July as warm as in Holland in the dog-days, and the musquitoes were exceedingly troublesome. The Island of Waigatz was cover'd with verdure, and embellished with a variety of beautiful flowers. The idols seen by Biu-row were also observed by the Dutch, who named that part of the island Afgoden Hoeh, of Idol Point. By the Russians it is called Waigati Noss, or the Cape of carved Images: and hence, undoubledly, the name of Waigatz is derived. NAYIGATIOrsS, PART THIRD. 25 But as that name might signify windy strait in the Dutch language, some have supposed that it was first employed by Cornellson and his companions, though it is evident that Ste- phen Burrow was acquainted with it many years before. The Dutch admiral passed the Straits of ^Yaigatz, and at first met with considerable interruption, but afterwards reached a deep blue sea. About forty leagues from the strait the mainland in sight appeared trending to the south east. The direction of coast with the depth and openness of the sea, gave our navi- gators such confident hopes of a passage to Cathay, that, in- stead of prosecuting their discoveries, they agreed to return to Holland with the happy tidings. They consequently repassed the strait, and arrived safely in Holland on the 26th of September. In the mean time Barentz, who had not sailed in company with the admiral, crossing the White Sea to the north-east- ward, arrived on the coast of Nova Sembla on the 4lh of July, and followed the shores of that country towards the north till they reached latitude 77" 25'', where they found an extensive field of ice of which they could not descry the end. They were in consequence obliged to return towards the south, and employ themselves among the islands in lading the ships with the teeth of the wvilrus or sea-horse. Of this animal an ac- curate and lively description is given by the Dutch journalist: „This sea-horse is a wonderful strong monstre of the sea, much D 26 NAVIGATIONS, PART THIRD. bigger than an oxe, which keepes continually in the seas, hav- ing a skin like a sea-calfe or scale, with very short hayre, mouthed like a lion, and many times they lye upon the ice. They are hardly killed, unlesse you strike them just upon the forehead. It hath four feete, but no cares, and commonly it hath two young ones at a time. And when fishermen chance to finde them upon a flake of ice with their young ones, she casteth her young ones before her into the water, and then takes them in her arms and so plungeth up and downe with them: and when she will revenge herself upon the boales, or make resistance against them, then she casts her young ones from her againe, and with all her force goeth towards the boate; whereby our men were once in no small danger, for that the sea-horse had almost striken her teeth into the sterne of their boate, thinking to overthrow it, but by meanes of the crie that the men made she was afraide, and swomme away again, and tooke her young ones again in her arms. They have two teeth sticking out of their mouthes on each side, each being about halfe an ell long, and are esteemed to bee as good as any ivorie or elephants teeth," Barentz, in returning southward, touched at a place in 71^ 33', which had been previously visited by Oliver Braneil, an Englishman, of whose voyages we know nothing but from the obscure allusions of the Dutch navigators. He shortly NAVIGATIONS, PART THIRD. 27 afterwards joined tlie ships of Cornelison and returned with him to Holland. This voyage raised the hopes of these who panted for the discovery of a north-eastern passage to China. The states -ge- neral equipped a fleet of seven vessels, six of which were laden with merchandise suited to the eastern market, and Barentz was appointed chief pilot of the expedition: but the fleet de- parted too late to effect any thing of Importance ; the coast of Nova Zembla was rendered unapproachable by the Ice. On pass- ing through Walgatz, the Dutch fell in with a Russian boat from Petchora sewed together with ropes, in quest of walrus - teeth, seals and fowls. From the Russians they learned, that in nine or ten weeks the cold would be so Intense and the rivers frozen so hard, that men might pass over the ice to Ta- tary. From the Saraojeds whom they conversed with here they learned that five days sailing to the north-east would bring them to a point of land beyond which the coast took a south- easterly direction. This piece of intelligence was received with great joy, as tending to conform their hopes of a passage to China. But as the cold was now severe and the weather un- favourable, it was resolved to return home; and the fleet ar- rived safely in the Maes on the 18th of November. Two expensive expeditions having thus determinated in disappointment, the states -general felt no longer disposed to d2 28 NAVIGATIONS, PART THIRD. prosecute the discovery of a north-eastern passage. Yet, un- willing to relinquish the hope, and aware of the benefits that must accrue to the state from fostering a maritime spirit in the people, they issued a proclamation offering a certain reward to such persons; as should accomplish a voyage to China by the desired route. The merchants of Amsterdam were thus encouraged to fit out two ships, the command of which they entoasted to the experienced pilot Barentz. He sailed at an earlier period than on his preceding voyage, and by the 1st of June had reached so high a latitude, that he had no night. On the 9th he arrived at Bear (afterwards called Cherry) Island, where the Dutch killed a bear, whose skin measured twelve feet in length. Ten days afterwards they discovered land to the eastward, and found by observations, they were in lati- tude 80^ 11^ This is unquestionably the first discovery of Spitzbergen. The Dutch w^ere surprised to find that this nor- thern land was covered with good herbage, and supplied with herds of deer, while Nova Zembla, four degrees to the south, was a bleak and barren desert. Here also they found a mul- titude of red geese, such as visit some parts of Holland in the winter but of which as our author says, „it was never known till this time where they hatched their eggs; so that some men have taken upon them to write, that they sit upon trees in Scotland, that hang over the water, and such eggs as fall from NAVIGATIONS, PART THIRD. 29 them down into the water, become young geese and swim there out of the w^ater; but those that fall upon the land burst In sunder and are lost." Thus the fable of the barnacles was supposed to be for the first time experimentally refuted. From Spilzbergen the two ships steered south-west till they arrived at Bear Island : and here they agreed to part com- pany; Jan Cornelis wishing to examine the east coast of Spilz- bergen, while Barentz hoped to find the passage to the east- ward in a lower parallel. He steered accordingly for Nova Zembla, where by the first w^eek in August he had reached the latitude 77 '\ But strong winds from the east opposing his progress, he was obliged to make fast the ship to an immense iceberg, which soon after burst into innumerable fragments with a sudden explosition. Being forced to return, they reached with difficidty Icehaven, in lat. 73^ 50^, on the 26th, and here the ice which had beset them in the voyage immediately closed them up. The unhappy crew^ now reduced to seventeen persons, found themselves under the necessity of passing the winter in this dreary and in hospitable spot Luckily for them the drift- wood on the shore was sufficiently abundant to supply them with fuel and with the materials for a house. They calmly prepared to meet the difficulties of their situation; and the jour- nal of their sufferings is rendered doubly interesting by their 30 NAVIGATIONS, PART THIRD. patience and resignation. It is difficult to conceive, and im- possible to describe in adequate language the feelings of men thus doomed to an abode of darkness, desolation and intense cold, where bears and foxes are the only inhabitants of the forlorn scene. On the 4th of November the last rays of the sun forsook them, and the cold increased until it became almost too intense for endurance. Their wine and beer were frozen and deprived of their strength. By means of great fires, of applying heated stones to their feet, and wrapping themselves in double fox -skin coats, they were just able to keep them- selves from being frozen. But in searching for drift-wood they were obliged to endure acute pain and to brave imminent danger. They were also frequently attacked by bears, which fearlessly assaulted their wooden hut. But they found means to kill some of those animals, the fat of which they used for their lamps. It is remarkable that, when the sun disappeared the bears also took their departure, and then the white foxes came in great numbers. These animals which served at once for food and clothing, were easily taken by traps set on the roof of the house. ^Yhen the 19th of December arrived, these unhappy men derived comfort from the consideration that the season of darkness had half expired, and that with the return of the sun they would find new ressources and means of pre- servation. Their spirits were not so far sunk as to prevent them NAVIGATIONS, PART THIRD. :n from celebrating Twelfth- eve with an extra allowance of wine and with games. The gunner was made king of Nova Zembla, „whicli is at last 200 miles long and lyeth between two seas." At length the joyful moment arrived. On the 27th of January the entire disc of the sun was visible above the horizon, to the surprise of Barentz, who did not expect its appearance for fourteen days to come. But the calculation of Barentz was undoubtely erro- neous ; while, on the other hand the narrative cannot be easily ex- plained for under ordinary circumstances of refraction, the appear- ance of the sun would seem to have been premature by seven or eight days. The appearance of the northern limb of the sun above the horizon on the 24th of January, in latitude 76^^ N., supposes a refraction of nearly three degrees. With the light of the sun the bears also returned. The weather grew more boisterous and inclement, so that it was June before they could set about repairing their two boats: for the ship was too much injured by the ice to be again refitted by their feeble exertions. On the 1.3th of that month they prepared to quit their w retched abode ; but Barentz first drew up in writing, and left in the wooden hut a list of their names, with an account of their misfortunes and a de- scription of what had befallen them while residing here. They then left Icy Haven in two small boats. But Barentz, enfeebled by sickness and anxiety, was unable to profit from the gleam 32 NAVIGATIONS, PART THIRD. of hope ^\hich now broke in upon them. He died on the 26th to the great affliction of the crew, who placed unbounded con- fidence in his skill and experience. There are many instances on record of long voyages performed through the ocean in open boats, but perhaps there is not one of so extraordinary a cha- racter as the present, in which two small boats ventured to cross the frozen ocean, more than 1100 miles, continually threatened by masses of floating ice, liable to the Attack of bears, and exposed for upwards of forty days to the extremities of cold, famine, sickness and fatigue. At length the exhausted crews arrived at Cola, where they found three Dutch ships, in which they embarked and reached the Maes in safety in Oc- tober 1597." The account of these three voyages appears to have created a general sensation throughout Europe. It was first published in Dutch in 1598 and was translated tJic same year into Latin, twice into German and into French — all these Editions w ere frequently reprinted. An Italian Version appeared at Venice 1599, 4to, and an Enghsh Translation under the Title: A true and per- fect Description of three Voyages, so strange and wonderful! that the like hath never been heard of before, translated by Wm. Phillip, London 1609, 4to. * The German Translations * This tract appears to be very rare, a copy of it sold for •& 5. 12 s. 6 d. in SteevensSale (No. 1879). Lowndes. NAVIGATIONS, PART THIRD. 33 bolli of de Bry and Ilulsius were eagerly bought (see p . . ante) and the latter is by far preferable, for not alone has Hulsius given the Translation of the whole of the Original, which, as Camus states {Memoire p. 205 and foil.) was reduced to a bare Journal of incidents by de Bry, but he has also added many curious and interesting illustrations, which much enhance the value of this Work. 34 NAVIGATIONS, PART FOURTH. PART IV. Ulric Schmidels account of South America. ViERTE Schiffalirt, i. e. Fourth part, a true History of a won- derful Voyage which Uh'ich Schmidel of Straubing made froai Anno 1534 to Anno 1554 in America or the new world, in Brasilia and the River della Plata etc. etc. illustrated with a necessary map, plates and other more Explanations by Levin us Ilulsius. Noribergae (sic), Impensis Levini Hulsii 1599. — Title vignette: Schmidel riding upon a Lama, between two Americans. — Dedication to the Bishop of Bamberg 3 pages — Hulsius's Preface 3 pages, — Schmidels whole length portrait and arms, opposite his preface, 1 page, 103 printed pages. — Colophon: Niirnberg printed by Christoph Loclmer, Ao. 1599. — 1 map. 16 plates (besides Schmidels Portrait). — [a second Ed. appear'd Norimb. 1602. a third Frankfort, Hulsius Widow 1612.] Camus, to whom the present Edition was unknown men- tions (Memoire p. 82J a latin translation published also by Hulsius (same date) which I have not been able to meet with. None of the different parts which form the present Col- lection is of more Consequence than this, for the understanding of de Bry. I do not say better understanding, for the mistakes which disfigure the latter Account of the same voyage are such, NAVIGATIONS, PART FOURTH. 35 as to render it quite incomprehensible. In order to show tins nore clearly I here translate Ilulsius's preface at length: ,Necessary Declaration to the benevolent Reader Levini Hiilsii'.' „Altho' the description of this Voyage of Uhich Schniidel" ,hath appear'd heretofore in the german Language, I have not" ,alone read the Original Manuscript, with which I had lately" ,the good fortune to meet, with great pleasure and astonishment," ,but hare also compared it diligently with the printed Edition." ,1 have reason to consider this Manuscript to be authentic be-" ,cause it contains the Portrait of the author aud several other" ,Prints and because I have found the several names which he" ,mentions in the maps now extant and have found them to be" jCorrect. Many places, however, are mentioned in this History" ,which have never before been heard of the reason of which is," ,according to my opinion, that this wonderful Voyage, to my" jknowledge, has appear'd in the german Language only and this" ,80 very incorrect that nobody has been able to derive therefrom" ,any information or to find any place in the Maps. For Instance," jinstead of Teneriffa, Gomera and Palma, three of the Canary" jlslands, the author of the printed Edition puts: Demerieffe, Ru-" ,mero and Palman! for St. Jago, one of the Cap Verds Islands," ,lie puts Sancta Ango ! for Mexico, Mechsekheim ! for Don Pietro" ,de Mendoza, the Commander of the Expedition: Petrus Man-" ,chassa! and many similar blunders. Considering these Circum-" e2 36 NAVIGATIONS, PART FOURTH. „staiices, I have thought it but just to bring this Description' „mto the present form, particularly as I find that it agrees with' „Spanish, Italian and French autliors, who have treated this' „matter." — „Thevet in his ,jCosinographia" and Franciscus Lopez de' „Gomara in his „Historia della nuova Indie" part 2 chap. 89' „mention this Expedition and assert that Don Pietro Mendozza,' „the Commander of the Expedition in which Ulric Schmidel' „was employed did in 1535 reach the Rio della Plata witli 12 ves-' „sels bearing 2000 Men: also that Alvaro Nuguez Cabeza di Vaca,' „a Colonel of 400 Soldiers and 46 Horse, was sent thither by' „His Imperial Majesty. He further tells as that the Spaniards' „built a town of 2000 Houses, 400 miles distant from the Sea-' „Shore and that they navigated a River so far upwards as to' „reach the Silvermines of Potosi and even Peru." „BuT Lopez does not mention when or how such Voyage' „was made from Assumption to Peru, whereas our Author, who' „took part in it describes it at length and has diligently marked' „the distances from place to place in miles or days -journeys and' „also made distinct and correct mention of the Rivers and' „names of Cities. I have therefrom and from other Authorities' ,5Compiled the Map which accompanies the present work, be-' „cause Maps may without exaggeration be called the Light or' „Eye of History. I have corrected and augmented, as much as' NAVIGATIONS, PART FOURTH. 37 „^vas in my power the names of the Towns, Cities and Rivers" „mention'd in this Histoiy, I have divided tlie Work into Chap-" „ters and have moreover illustrated it by necessary notes and" 5,the authors Portrait and other curious plates which I found in" „the original Manuscript." „I find in other Books that this River Rio della Plata was" „first discover'd by Amerigo Yupucio for the King of Portugal" „and altho' he has named the seven Gemmary Islands and has" „navigated the River to some length he cannot be said to have" „done much there." jjJoiiN Solis has navigated this River which he called Ar-" jjgyrei in the year 1512; he returned thither in 1516 but was" „killed with 50 others by the Indians, near Cape S. Maria." jjSebastian Cabot visited these parts in 1525 but has re-" ,jturned to Spain without having done any great Service." „And thus do I say vale to the good reader, wlio may" „accept our labour kindly. — Yale!" Camus reports, p. 84, the Title of a latin Ed. of tliis part, pubhshed also in 1599, by Hulsius and all he says about it may be applied to the present Edition which was unknown to Camus. — The plates are quite different from those of de Bry, some of tbem appear to have been engraved from drawings taken on the spot, whereas those of de Bry are made from mere fancy. 38 NAVIGATIONS, PART FIFTH. PART V. Sir TValter Raleighs Description of Guiana. (5th voyage). Kurze wunderbare Besclireibung, i. e. short won- derful description of the rich Kingdom of Guiana in Amerika or the new world, which has been visited lately Anno 1594 — 1595 and 1596 by Sir Walter Ralegh an English Knight, firstly written by order of his Lordship, wherefrora Jodocus Hondius made a fine map and a dutch explanation, now translated into German and explained by different authors. Noribergae, im- pensis Levini Huisii. 1601. Frontispiece (plate cracked) a man with the head on his breast and an amazon woman. Preface 3 pages, 17 printed pages text — the 18th contains a table of Places mention'd in this Book, the geographical lengths and breadths under which they lie. — Colophon: Printed at Nu- remberg, by C. Lochner for Leyinus HiJsius (no date). Six plates and one map. The original first appear'd under the following title: The Discoverie of the Empyre of Guiana, with a Relation of the Citie of Manoa (which the Spanyards call El Dorado) and of the Provinces of Emeria Arromaia, Amapaia etc. Performed in the year 1595, by Sir W. Ralegh, Knight. London by Robert Robinson, 1596. 4to. Pp. 112; and may certainly be called one NAVIGATIONS, PART FIFTH. 3^) of the most celebrated Tracts in the English Language. Shakes- peare evidently obtained from this Work his knowledge of the „ still vexed Bermudes" and Hakluyt as well as every other Collector of Voyages and Travels both in our own and in fo- reign Languages have reprinted it. (De Bry Grandes Voyages part VIII.) I cannot but mention here a delightful Work pu- blished in 1838 under the Title of „Shakespeare and his friends" which blends History and Romance so cleverly that the student as well as the Lady will be tempted to turn to Sir Wal- ters Narrative in order to find out what is fact and what fiction. The 11th Volume of that valuable Collection „the Edinburg Cabinet Library" is devoted wholly to the Life of our Author and from it * I extract the following defence of Raleighs ac- count of Guiana: jjRaleighs Account of Guiana defended. Hume has attacked Raleighs Account of Guiana in a manner, which evinces very clearly that with his constitutional indolence he had scarcely dipped into it. He accuses him of „having published an ac- count of the country, on his return from his expedition up the Orinoco, full of the grossest and most palpable lies that were ever attempted to be imposed on the credulity of mankind." For this sentence he cites the respectable authority of Cam- den; but in turning to that wiiter (Life and Reign of Elizabeth, * Appendix, p. 435 and 436. 40 NAVIGATIONS, PART FIFTH. in Kennet, vol. II. p. 584), the reader will be surprised to find, how completely the historian has mistaken, or through careless- ness, preverted his meaning. The passage in Camden, relative to Raleigh's account of Guiana, is this. „He that would know more of this expedition may consult an ingenious book of his relating to it; wherein he gives a most accurate description of the countries, as if he had been born and bred there ; and con- cludes that Guiana must needs be a wealthy country, not only FROM THE BEAUTIFUL MARCASITES FOUND THERE, but frOm the WRIT- INGS OF THE Spaniards, and upon the credit and report of the barbarians; of whom yet he could have but little knowledge, but indeed, chiefly from the sanguine complexion of his own hopes and desires. He likewise relates some things, which appear fabulous enough, viz. of the Amazons and a certain na- tion of people, whose shoulders are so high, that their face is placed in their breast; a secret, which the poets and travellers had never before discovered." The reader will at once perceive the difference between the careful and candid observations of Camden, in which he certainly reflects, with a delicate degree of satire, upon the too sanguine and credulous temperament of Raleigh, and the sweep- ing and coarse accusation of Hume, who ascribes to him a premeditated plan of imposition and falsehood. Within the limits of a short note, it is impossible to analyze Raleigh's account NAVIGATIONS, PART FIFTH. 41 of Guiana; but any one, who will peruse it with common at- tention, will be satisfied of the extreme injustice and the un- founded aspersions now alluded to. Raleigh takes the utmost pains to state what he saiv with his own eyes, what he was told by the Spaniards, or by the natives of the country, and what he inferred of the great riches of Guiana, from their accounts compared with his own obserAations. The truth seems to have been, that Hume glancing over this „ Account of the Discovery of Guiana'*' with the same indolent rapidity, which has elsewhere led him into material errors, found stories of the Amazons, of a nation called Ewaipona, whose heads appear not above their shoulders, and who are reported to have their eyes placed there; of a cacique, who he was informed had buried with him a chair of gold most curiously wrought, and of the wonderful city of Manoa, and its astonishing riches and extent; and finding all this, which is related by Raleigh from the Spanish historians and the narratives of the natives, Jhe was little careful to examine farther, and at once threw aside the book as a tissue of lies and imposture. It is extra- ordinary that this historian, who is often so acute and so fair in weighing the conduct and appreciating the motives of other men, should appear to see every thing regarding Raleigh through a false and distorting medium, — that he should not have asked himself the question: What possible object could this able man 42 NAYIGATIONS, PART FIFTH. liave gained by losing his fortune, his health, and latterly his life, in attempting the discovery and conquest of Guiana, had he not believed in the picture he has drawn of it and the riches, which it would bring to himself and to his country?" As will be seen by the title cited, this Edition of part Y. also indicates no reference to the four former parts, (Ebert states that an Edition appeared in 1599 under the Title „Beschreibung Gujanae") this is however the case with the present Edition and witli that quoted by Ebert only, the 2d. (of 1603) and all the following have the words „die ftinfte," i. e. the fifth voyage, before the words „ short account." — The third Edition appear'd 1612 at Nuremberg. A Synopsis of the Work and a Critique on this Edition will be found in Camus's Memoire pp. 97 and 98 and in Meu- sels Bibliotheca Historica vol. III. part I. p. 283. NAVIGATIONS, PART SIXTH. 43 PART YI. The four first Circumnavigations of the Globe. Sechster Tlieil. i. e. Sixth part, short, true Relation and Des- cription of the most wonderful four voyages which have ever been completed, namely: Fernandi Magellani a Portuguese, with Sebastian de Cano, Francisci Draconis, an Englishnians, Tho- mae Candisch, an Englishmans, Olivarii van Noort, a Dutchmans, all of which sail'd round the whole of the globe . . . illustrated by the necessary maps, fine plates and useful Explanations by L. Hulsius. Noribergae, impensis collectoris 1603. — Frontispiece: a vessel bearing the name of Victoria — in the four corners the portraits of the four Navigators named on the title, over the Vessel four, and under it one line of a latin poem. Dedication to the Counsellor von Bimbach 3 pages. — Preface to the Reader, one page, the 4th, 53 printed pages, Colophon, printed at Nurraberg by C. Lochner, for Leviuus Hulsius, 1602. — 4 maps marked. 1. 2. 3. 4; 9 plates — [In the 2d Edition of 1618 and the 3d of 1626, only 8 plates]. In the Dedication of this part of his Collection Hulsius thus addresses „lils noble Patron" L. V. von Bimbach: „The Dutch have within the late years continued the Na\igation and push'd it to such an extent, that one of them has sailed r2 44 NAVIGATIONS, PART SIXTH. round the -Nvhole Globe in the Course of last year, being the fourth who within the last 84 has performed this admirable feat .... I have translated the relation of the four Voyages from the different Languages in which they were originally described and have taken the liberty to dedicate them to Your Worship as my kind Patron and as an acknowledgement of the favors received at Your hands eisjitcen months as^o in Ens-- land etc. etc. Francfort, August 1. 1602." — HuLsius has very judiciously collected in our Pamphlet these accounts of the Circumnavigations of the Globe, which in De Bry are scatter'd in several Parts. See Table of Contents. Part I. devoted to Bla^ellan is extracted from Ortelius's Theatrum Orbis and Chauvetons Discours; see also de Bry Grandes f^oyages parts A, 5 and 6. — Purchas vol. I. Book \, chap. 11. and for a more condensed account the 18th part of our and the l'2th of de Brys Collections (Gr. Poy.) Part II. contains Drake's Account of his first Voyage „described (says Hulsius) in the English Language by Richard Hatakluyt" (see de Bry Gr. Voy. part VIII. and Camus Me- moire p. 92^. The Circumstance mention'd by Camus in which this Journal differs from the original in Hackluyt, is also reported by Hulsius, who adds in a note that it was related to him by an Eyewitness during his stay in England. NAVIGATIONS, PART SIXTH. 45 Part IIL jjCandisch's" * which follows, was first pubHsheil by Hackluyt (new Edition, London 1811, 5 vol. 4to. toL 4 p. 316) and translated also by De Bry (Grandes Voyages part VIII.) the following short Synopsis of it is extracted from the XXIst vo- lume of the Edinburgh Cabinet Encyclopaedia p. 87. — j,ln 1586, Mr. Thomas Cavendish, a gentleman of the County of Suffolk, fitted out, at his own Expence, an Expedition to the Pacific, and sailed from Plymouth on the 21st July. He reached the straits of Magellan on the 6th January following, and cleared their farther outlet on the 14th of February. Like Drake the object he had in View was plunder; and, like that Navigator, too, he stood along the western Coast of America, canning fire and sword wherever he went. At length, in November, glutted with spoil, he steered across the ocean, and in January 1588 made the Ladrone Islands. In the passage homeward he touched at St. Helena, and first communicated to England its capabilities and advantages. He arrived at Plymouth on the 9th Septem- ber, having circumnavigated the globe in two years and iifty days, — a period shorter than that required by either of his predecessors.'* Part IV. The Voyage of Ohver de Noordt which con- cludes this volume (Edinburgh Cabinet Library vol. XXI. p. 100) „was the first circumnavigation performed by the Dutch and ' The >ame of this ,,Genderaan" was Thomas Cavenilish. 46 NAVIGATIONS, PART SIXTH. was remarkable for the vigour with which disciphne was en- forced. In many of the Spanish Expeditions mutinies broke out wliich could not be subdued without the Sacrifice of se- veral Lives; but here, although a spirit of subordination was repeatedly displayed, it seems to have been uniformly checked before spreading to any considerable extent. Individuals who had been found guilty were put ashore at various points: and, among others, the Second in command was left in Patagonia with a little bread and wine. Every thing of this nature was done with the sanction of a council of war, whose sentences were occasionaly marked by no little severity: in one case they caused a Seamans hand to be pinned to the Mast with a knife, where he was condemned to remain till he could release himself by slitting it open. This cruel punishment was formerly usual in cases where an assault had been committed upon the pilot or commander." Van Noordt brougt his ship to anchor before the City of Amsterdam on the 2/3 tli August 1601. None of the Plates in our Collection resemble those pu- blished by De Bry, who in that part of his Collection which corresponds with our 4lh has given no illustrations. In this as in almost every other instance Hulsius's Edition is made much more convenient for use than his rivals, by the references to the maps which run along the whole of the Narrative. NAVIGATIONS, PART SEVENTH. 47 PART YII. Discoveries and Estahlislnnent of the Dutch on the Coast of Guinea. SiEBENDE Schiffalirt i e. Seventh voyage into the rich Kingdom of Guinea in Africa . . . discovered by the Portugiieze about 200 years ago, made known by the Dutch within tlie last IS years, frequented by them, and described in their language after the return of two of their sliips from that Country in liie year 1602, pubhshed by Levinus Ilulsius. Printed at Francfort on the Maine by Wolffgang Richter, for L. Hulsius — in tlie year 1603. Title vignette: Inhabitants of Guinea and Nigritia. Hul- sius's Dedication, „Ex Museo Francofurti 18 Maii, 1603" 3 pages. Preface 3 pages. Text 228 pages. 2 maps. 16 plates marked 1—5 a. 5. 6. 7. 9. 11 and 13 (one plate) 14. 16. 17. — One plate without any No. — Map of St. Thomas, no No. — IS. 19 and 20 [one plate]. This Part of our Collection refers to the Conquests of the Dutch on the Gold Coast of Guinea and the following Extracts* may serve as an Introduction the History of those Enterprises which gave rise to theFormation of the DutchEastlndIa Company. * See: ,,A collection of Voyages and Travels." London printed for T. AsTLf:v, 1743, 4 vols, 4to. vol. 11., page 569 and foil. 48 NAYIGATIOrsS, PART SEVENTH. One Bernard Ericks (or Erikson) of Medenblick, having been taken at Sea by the Portugueze, and carried to the Princes Islands in the Bight of Guinea, heard there of the rich Trade they drove on the Gold- Coast. Being afterwards set at Liberty and returning to Holland^ he offered his Service to some Mer- chants for a Guinea Voyage, who accordingly furnished him with a Ship and a proper Cargo. Ericks perfonned the Voyage successfully in 1595, running along the whole Gold -Coast, where he settled a good Corres- pondence wilh the Blacks for carrying on a farther Trade. These People finding his Goods much better and cheaper than they used to have from the Portugueze, and being disgusted at the Violence and oppression of their tyrannical Government, encouraged Erikson. The Portugueze, on the other Hand, en- deavoured to incense the Natives against the Dutch, representing them as Traitors and Rebels to their King, and telling the Ne- groes they came not so much for the Sake of Trade, as to spy the Country and reduce them to Slavery. They also strove, by Presents and Bribes, to corrupt the Negros to destroy these new Comers, who traded with them, or to betray them into their Hands. The Governer of la 3Iina offered a Reward of an hundred Florins for every Ship they could surprize or take from the Dutch; who by these Arts lost the good Opinion of the Natives, till they recovered it again by the Frequency of NAVIGATIONS, PART SEVENTH. 49 their Visits. If you will believe the Portugueze Authors, the Dutch treated ihe Blacks even worse, than tliemselves had done. Vasconcelos says, that the Rebels (meaning the Dutch) gained more upon the Blacks by Drunkenness, giving them Wine and strong Liquors, than by Force of arms, and instructing them as Ministers of the Devil in their Wickedness. But that their dissolute Lives and Manners joined to the Advantages which the Portugueze of Mina thouirh inferior in Number had sained over them in some Rencounters, had rendered them as con- temptible among the Blacks for their Cowardice, as Want of virtue: That, however the Blacks being a barbarous People susceptible of the first Impressions, readily enough swallowed Calvin^ s Poison, as well as took off the Merchandize, which the Dutch taking the advantage of the Portugueze Indolence, sold along the Coast; where they had, by such Means, become absolute Pirates : That they held, without any other Right but Force, the Fort at BoutroE, four Leagues from that at Axim; also the Settlements of Kora, Koromaniin and Aklca del Tuerio at Kommendo: That they peaceably enjoyed the Commerce of Blina itself, where they purchased above two Millions of Gold yearly, and exported all that could be furnished there by t!tc Fazars and other inland Nations: That the Quantity of Mer- chandize brought by the Dutcu and their Cheapness, had made the Barbarians the more greedy of them : although the Author G ^Q NAVIGATIONS, PART SEVENTH. says, that Persons of Honour and Quality had assured him, tJiat they would willingly pay double for Portugueze Goods as suspecting the Dutch to be of less Value, buying them only for want of better. The Portugueze at la Mina finding the Dutch Trade on the Coast increase to their great Loss, still endeavoured to exite the Natives against them. In 1599, live Dutchmen going in a Canoa to Mowri, were by a Calm detained at Sea near the Castle of la Mina; which the Governor observing, sent some Negros, who fell upon them, and wounding them, carried them ashore, where they cut off their Heads, which they presented to the Governor and after- wards converted the Skulls into drinking -cups. The Governor set their broken Limbs on the Castle Walls to terrify the Dutch. They tried all clandestine V\^ays to hurt the Dutch, whom they mortally hated ; but about this Time for w^ant of Supplies from Lisbon, and by the Decay of their Trade they were grown so weak, that they were glad to lie still in their Fortresses for fear the Natives, to whom they were become odious, should seize and deliver them up to the Dutch. In Effect, this same year the Kommcndo and Fetu Blacks animated by the Dutch, who supplied them with Arms and other Necassaries, rose against the Portugueze. These had above three hundred Men killed in that War. NAVIGATIONS, PART SEVENTH. 51 The Dutch, who till then had found much Difliculty to make Settlements on the Gold-Coast, notwitlistanding theh' being countenanced hy the Blacks, resolved now to erect some Forts on the Coast of Benin and Angola. Then practising under- hand with several of the Kings, he o^ Sabow gave them Leave to build a Fort at Mowiu, three Leagues East from Caho Corse, which they finished in the Year 1624, and gave tlie Command of it to Adrian Jacobs, at the time when the Crown of Portugal was at War with the Dutch, but possessed by Philip the Fourth, King of Spaing The corresponding part of de Bry has been translated by Arthus (Gottfried) and as usual this author changed and alter'd the words and the sense of the original; as this has not been the case with Ilulsius, his version of this voyage also is useful for the understanding of de Bry. Camus describes this Journal, Me- moirep. 211 and foil. At pag. 220 he mentions a plant called grain or miniguette by de Bry, and strange enough this term has also been retained by Hulsius, although it is no german word: maniguette is rendered „ Pepper" by Ilulsius in another place. From the passage cited by Camus p. 222 it appears upon Com- parison with Hulsius that the latin is a litteral translation of our text, whereas the french is much abridged. G *J 52 NAVIGATIONS, PART EIGHTH. PART YIII. Dutch Expeditions to the East Indies. AcHTE ScliifFalirt, i. e. Eighth voyage, or short Description of some voyages of the Dutch and Zealanders into the East Indies from Anno 1599 untill Anno 1604 and what happen'd to them upon the same. — Collected by the late Levinus Hulsius, Franc- fart 1605, printed by 31. Becker for L. H. Widow, 1606. — 2d Edition ibid. 1608 (?). 3d (?) Ed. 1640. Vignette: several ves- sels, sailing. Preface p. 3 — 5. Text p. 6 — 56. 6 plates and maps. The Narratives which form the 8th, 9th, 10th and 11th Part of Hulsius's Collection may be consider'd as valuable materials for the History of the Rise and Progress of the Dutch Power in the East, where they first opposed but soon superseded tlie Portugueze and where by undounted Preseverance they laid the ground of that commercial Prosperity and accumulation of wealth which alone enables their Descendants still to hold a Rank among Nations. „The Dutch, driven to desperation by the tyranny of Phi- lip II., had revolted against Spain, and after a long, hard and glorious struggle, raised themselves to the rank of an indepen- dent republic. Even before the neighbouring states had fully recognised them in this character, they had gained the reputation NAYIGATIONS, PART EIGHTH. 53 of being ilie first naval power in Europe. Owing to the narrow extent of their territory, they themselves as well as the mul- titude of refugees who sought among them the enjoyment of civil and religious liberty, were induced to seek on the ocean the source of subsistence and wealth. The happy situation of their coast, both for commerce and fishery, had already led to considerable progress in these bran- ches of industry, which now attained a magnitude unexampled before in modern times. After embarking so deeply in these pursuits, tlieir attention could not fail to be attracted by the trade of India, to which has always been assigned an over- rated importance. They were not however yet prepared to encounter the naval annaments of Spain and Portugal, which guarded with the most jealous care all the approaches to the Indian Seas. They were hence induced to attempt a passage by the north of xAsIa, which the imperfect knowledge then pos- sessed respecting tlie extent of that continent, and the character of its iVrctic shores led mariners to regard as not im])racticable. Three successive expeditions were accordingly sent chiefly under the command of Barentz; the last of which was obliged to winter on the dreary shores of Nova Zembla ; * but they failed altogether in their hope of discovering a north-east pas- sage, which if it does at all exist, must, it was found, be too ' Ilulsius, part III, 54 NAVIGATIONS, PART EIGHTH. circuilous and incumbered to be ever productive of any prac- tical utility. The Dutch now felt the impossibility of rivaling the Por- tugueze by any other route than that round the Cape of Good Hope; and their courage and resources having been augmented in the course of a successful struggle for liberty, they no longer hesitated to brave all the dangers of this undertaking. The necessary information was obtained through Cornelius Houtman, who collected it during a long residence at Lisbon. The jea- lous government there, displeased with liis active and diligent inquiries, threw him into prison, whence he was liberated only on the payment of a considerable ransom. By his instructions the Dutch in three months had equipped a squadron of four vessels, well armed and provided with the materials of trade. Houtman set out in the autumn of 1596, and after a tedious voyage, without however encountering any material opposition or obstruction, arrived off Bantam in the Island of Java. He was at first extremely well treated, but afterwards, seemingly through his own rashness and violence, became involved in a quarrel with the king, was thrown into prison, and obtained release only by sacrificing part of his investment. He then effected a safe return to Europe, where he was received with the highest exultation, having evinced the practicabihty of a lleet finding its way without molestation from the enem}^ to NAVIGATIONS, PART EIGHTH. 55 tliose remote and opulent shores. The original company, aug- mented by one more recently formed, sent out early in 1599 a jfleet of eight ships under tlie joint command of Iloutman and l^an Neck. They reached the coast of Sumatra and Java, where they carried on a successful traffic; and at length the second of these officers returned to Amsterdam with four ships laden with spices and other valuable commodities. This favourable commencement encouraged the Dutch to prosecute the Indian trade with the utmost activity. Several new companies began their operations, without being invested with any exclusive privileges, or apparently actuated by any hostile rivalry. Mutually aiding and co-operating witli each other, they soon raised the trade to the highest pitch of pros- perity. In 1600, not five years after the first of their squa- drons had sailed round the Cape, the Dutch sent out forty vessels bearing from 400 to 600 tons, and by their superior diligence and ])unctuality, had almost completely supplanted tJie Portugueze in the spice trade. Hitherto they had studiously shunned any interference with that people, selecting the spots not occupied by them; while the latter seem not to have ven- tured on any violent measures to enforce their monopoly. How^- ever the Dutch, as they became stronger, began to form schemes for the expulsion of their rivals. They studied by every art to foment the discontent of the natives, who had themselves 56 NAVIGATIONS, PART EIGHTH. be£;un to observe tliat the Portugueze were more intent on conquest than commerce, and who were besides disgusted with the harsh means employed for inducing them to renounce the Mohammedan faith. Impelled by these motives, the Malays at Acheen, aided by some Dutch volunteers, surprised the fort which the subjects of Portugal had erected in the bay, and made a general massacre of the garrison. They were deprived in a similar manner of several of their stations on the Molucca Islands, losing in this way some important seats of trade, while those of the Hollanders were continually extended. PmLiP n., who on the death of Don Sebastian had seized the crown of Portugal, felt highly indignant at finding his people expelled from these valuable possessions by the arms of a re- beUious province, which his own oppressions had driven into resistance, and in fact raised to its present maritime greatness. Having learned that the Dutch East India fleet was expected home, he fitted out an armament of thirty ships, mostly of a large size, and sent them to intercept the enemy. Near the Cape de Verd Islands, this squadron met eight of their vessels going out under the command of Spielbergen. But the latter, by their bravery and skilful manoeuvres, succeeded in beating off their assailants, and made their way to India without any serious loss. Philip from this time seems to have given up every attempt to contend at Sea with tliis rising people, and NAVIGATIONS, PART EIGHTH. 57 directed all his efforts, llioiigh without effect, lo subjugate them by military force. He contented himself with issuing proclamations, prohi- biting them under the severest penalties, from trading in any of the Spanish possessions. The Portugueze in India aided by the Spaniards from the Philippines, still kept up a harassing piratical warfare, to which the Dutch determined to put a stop by wresting from their antagonists all the remaining settlements in the Spice Islands. In 1605 they reinforced their fleets "svith nineteen fresh vessels , having on board two thousand veteran soldiers. They then invested, and successively reduced all the forts which their opponents had erected in the Islands of Am- boyna and Tidore, capturing the shipping which lay under their protection, and finally lading their own with valuable spices. The supremacy of the Dutch in the Indian Seas was thus fully estabHshed."* Or the five Narratives, contained in part YIIL, the first is that of Gerhard le roy, who, says the Preface, ,,saird from Zealand in 1598 with four vessels, two of which returned in June 1602 after Capturing a Portugueze Caraque which they took in the Yicinity of St. Helena." Narrative II. contains an account of the Expedition of Admiral Hermans, beirun in 1601 and continued lo March 1603 * Edinburgh Cabinet Library, vol. VI. H 58 NAVIGATIONS, PART EIGHTH. „to the great advantage of the (Dutch) East India Company." This Commander defeated with his small force a „Portugueze Armada" off Bantam, „consisting of twenty large and ten smaller Vessels, well supplied with all materials necessary to wage war."* Narrative III. Jacob Heemskerken sailed from the Texel with eight Vessels April 23. 1601, seven of which remained in Company. Of these he sent home five in 1602 „very richly laden," captured a Portugueze Caraque, the Sancta Catharina, whose Cargo was estimated at the value of five Millions of Florins, and returned with this booty in 1604.** Narrative IV. Jacobus van Neck sailed from the Texel with ten Vessels the 28th January 1600, bound to the East Indies and China, had several Engagements with the jealous Portugueze, visited Macao in China, touched at Ternate and returned in 1603. -f Narrative V. relating to VVibrand de Warwick and his „Vice -Admiral Sebald de Wert" is thus referred to by the Author of the „ColIeclion of Voyages and Travels, vol. 11., p. 2S8. „The 19th April 1603 there came into the Road nine sail of Hollanders under the Command of JVyhorne van TJ^arwick, * See: Recueil des Voy.iges qui ont seni ;i lEtaMisscment and aux Progros de la Compagnie des Indes Orientales, (llouen 17'25), vol. III., pag. 415 and foil. •* ibid. vol. IV., p. 146 — 147. j" ibid. vol. Ill, — Camus Meuioire, p. '238. Nx\YIGATIONS, PART EIGHTH. 59 ^vlio shortly after sent t^vo of them to China, and t^YO for the Moluccas; two laded at Bantam, and one ^vent to Jortan. He likewise dispatched a Pinnace to Achen to order certain ships (that went from thence by Capt. Spilbergs Directions to Zeilon, to take a small fort from the Porta gueze) to come to Bantam, he waiting there with one ship for their arrival. The English were very much beholden to this General, for wine and Bread, besides many other Necessaries and Courtesies re- ceived at his Hands. He would often tell them how Sir Ri- chard Luson relieved him at Sea, when he was likely to perish; and that, for the same Reason, he was bound to be kind to the Englishmen, wherever he met them. To speak the Truth, says Mr. Scot, there was not any Thing in his Ships for the Rehef of sick men, but they might have commanded it as freely, as if it had been their own. He likewise expressed himself with great Respect always of the Oueen: But there were some of baser Sort in his Fleet, who spoke unbecoming things of her in Discourse with the JavansT* * See »iso: Recueil des Voyngcs, vol. IV. h2 60 NAVIGATIONS, PART NINTH. PART IX. Admiral von dcr Ilagcii's Voyage to the East Indies. Neundte Scliiffahrt, i. e. Ninth voyage, that is, profound Ex- planation of what has happened to the Dutch and Zealanders in Ihe East Indies Anno 1604 and 1605 under the Admiral Steffan yon der Hagen and how they arrived in tlic month of April last with two Ships in Holland. Francfort, printed hy E. Kempffer for L. Hulsii Widow, 1606. 2d Edilion ibid. 1612. Vignette: a burning tow'er, preface one page (.J). Text p. 4 — 48. 1 Map. 4 Plates. This part of our collection may be considered as a Con- tinuation of the former. — It contains the account of several conquests of the Dutch, as the capture of Amboina and Tidor, belonging formerly to the Portugueze; it is more extended than the corresponding part of de Bry (VIIL, pet. voy.) of which Camus gives an Analysis (Memoir c p. 243 — 245^. See also the Recueil dcs Voyages qui out scrvi a V Etahlisscment de la Compagnie des Indes Orienlalcs formee dans Ics Provinces- Unics des Pays-Bas, (Rouen 172')), vol. V. for a detailed account of the Events related in this and the following Part. NAVIGATIONS, PART TENTH. 61 PART X. Expedition of the Dutch Fleet under Admiral Matelief. Zeiiende Schiffarh, i. e. Tenth voyage or Travels of the Dutch and Zealanders In the East Indies, under the Admh*al CorneHs MateHef the Younger, who left Holland the 12th 3Iay 1605 with Eleven lar2:e vessels and returned in March 1608 with a^ two of them after having faught a battle off Malacca. — Col- lected and described from the Dutch by an Amateur of voyages. Francf by Kempffer, for L. Hulsius Widow. 1613. Frontis- piece: several vessels under full sail. — One map marked No. 3; 4 plates; preface 4 pages (3 — b). Text, p. 7 — 102. The interesting account which forms the subject of the present Part has not been published by De Bry. The Events which it relates are closely connected with those of the Parts preceding the present, and the following Extract* will give an Idea of its results: „To complete the Triumph of the Dutch in the Indian" „Seas, the admiral IMatelief sail'd against Malacca, which the" „Portugueze had made the capital of their possessions in the" „more eastern Islands. The place however, was so well pre-" j.pared for defence, that after several wrecks spent in the most" * See: Edinburgh Cabinet Library, vol. VI. , p. 161. 62 NAVIGATIONS, PART TENTH. „vigorous efforts, he gave up tlie attempt. But what was his" „surprise, when on reaching Amboyna he w^as saluted with" ,,a hot fire, and saw the Spanish flag flying on the walls of" „the castle!" „Tiiis revolution had been efTected by a naval force from" „the Philippines, which taking advantage of his absence, had" „sailed to those important islands, and finding them almost" „defenceless , completely reduced them. Blatelief w'as at first" ,,a little disconcerted; but encouraged by the valour of his" „meu, he landed, attacked the forteress and carried it by storm," „making, as was too common, a general massacre of the un-" ,,fortunate garrison. Inspirited by this success, he proceeded" „against tlie other settlements, and in two months brought" ..them again completely under the dominion of his countrymen." The whole of the account is written in a very pleasant and fluent style by this „amateur of voyages" whose name ho^A- ever nowhere appears. NAVIGATIONS, PART ELEVENTH. 6.} PART XL Expedition of Admiral Vcrhuffcn. Eylffte ScliilTalirt, i. e. Eleventh voyage or jsliort tlescription of a voyage of the Dutch and Zealanders in the East Indies with nine large and four small vessels under Admiral Peter William Verhiiffen in the years 1607, 8 and 9, with an account of what has happened to them. — Collected out of the des- criptions of John Verkens of Leipsic and now edited. — Franc- fort, Kempffer, for L. H. Widow. 1612 (second Ed. ihid. 162.3). — Eylffte Scliiffahrt ander Theil, i. e. Eleventh voyage second part, or a short continuation of the voyage . . . from 1607 to 1612 . . . related hy John Verken of Leipsic and now pubHshed by M. G. A. D. (M. Goiard Artus Dantiscaiio) ibid. 1613. — Frontispiece: nine vessels in a Lozenge, supporters: a Soldier and a knight. Collation: I. no preface, Text p. 3 — 112. II. a latin poem in praise of Verken p. 3 and 4. Text p. 5 — 67. — Folgen etliche p. 68. Dialogues p. 69 — 167. — A map entitled lusulae indiac orientalis et moluccae and 8 plates, of which 4 in part II. These 2 parts which form the 11th „Voyage" contain tlie Journal of Vej-ken, edited by Arthus of Danzic, corresponding with the 9th part of de Bry petiis Voyages and its Supplement. 64 NAVIGATIONS, PART ELEVENTH. For an Analysis of tlils Part I refer to Camus's Memoire, pp. 246 to 253. The „Recueil des Voyages etc." toI. VII. con- tains a detailed account of the incidents related by Verken. Arthus having furnished the Translation for both de Bry and IlulsiuSj they are of course almost identical, the plates which Camus supposes (p. 253) to have been composed after the details given in the account, are also identical in both Editions. The whole is concluded by the 12 German -Malay and Mada- gascar dialogues, which form part of the Latin of de Bry, but are wanting in the German Edition of their Collection. NAVIGATIONS, PART TWELFTH. 65 PART XII. Attempts of the English and Dutch to discover a Polar -Passage. ZwoLFFTE Scliiffalirt, i. e. Twelfth voyage, or short description of the new voyage towards North -East, by way of the Ame- rican Islands, in China and Japan, newly discovered by Henry Hudson, an EngUshman, also a discourse adressed to His Spa- nish Majesty concerning the fifth part of the world, called Terra australis incognita and also a short description of the countries of the Samojedes and Tingoeses situated in Tartaria. — In High -German by M. Gothard Arthus of Dantzic. — Oppen- lieim, Gallern, for L. H. Widow, 1614, (2d Edition 1627). Frontispiece: a Samojede in a sledge drawn by Reindeer. 3 maps, 4 plates. Contents: I. An Introduction by the Editor (p. 1 to 15) giving a condensed History of the Attempts of the Dutch and EngHsh to discover a shorter Road to India by a Polar -Passage and to trade with the Barbarians living along those Coasts, which by the accounts of Herberstein were very rich in costly Furs and thus tempted the Europaeans to fmd access to their Riches. II. A Notice of Hudsons last Voyage — an Expedition in which that able Seaman perished, in Consequence of the Mu- tiny of his crew "he was assaulted by three of his men, Tho- I 66 NAVIGATIONS, PART TWELFTH. mas, Bennet and Wilson, who seized him and bound his hands behind his back; and on his eagerly asking them what they meant, told him he should know when he was in the boat . . . Then, with a barbarity beyond all example, they called from their beds and drove into it, not simply the friends of Hud- son, but the sick and infirm sailors, who could afford no aid, and whose maintenance would have been burdensome. They threw^ after them the Carpenter's box, with some powder and shot; and scarcely was this transaction completed, when they cut the boat from the stern "out with their topsail" and set off, flying as from an enemy. The great Navigator, thus aban- doned, was never heard of more; and he undoubtedly perished on those desolate shores, though the form or duration of the Dis- tress to which he fell a victim must be for ever unknown." * ni. An Extract from Linschotls Navigations, stating the Progress of the Dutch in the Attempt to find the Passage, the Discovery of which formed a favourite Scheme of his Country- men at the End of the 16th and beginning of the 17th centuries. IV. "Discours or Relation of a curious (wundcrharJicheJi) Supplication to His Majesty of Spain by a Captain Petrus Fer- dinandus de Quir, ** concerning the Discovery of the fifth Part * EdinLurgli Cabinet Library, vol. I. — See also : Camus Memoire, p. 253 and foil.' ** A well wrilten account of Pedro Fernandez de Quiros will be found in the twenty -first volume of that valuable Collection, the Edinburgh Cabinet Library', p. 105. NAVIGATIONS, PART TWELFTH. 67 of the world, called Terra Aastralis incognita and the extra- ordinary great Riches and Fertility thereof." — This is the eight Petition, as the text says of Captain de Qiiir, a man ^vho like all his Predecessors was treated by tlie Spanish Govern- ment with Illiberality and Neglect. (See Camus Blenioire,p. 256). V. and YI. Extracts from Ilerbersteins wellknown Book: Sigismoudi liberi Baronis in Herberstein reruni Moscoyitarum commentarii. Basiiiae, 1556, folio: giving an account of the State of Siberia and the adjacent regions. Tins Part is concluded by four Engravings (Island TVarU hiiss — Island Kildayn (2 Sheets), both in Lnpponia, the latter from Linschotts account. — Idolatry and Sports of the Samojcdes) with a separate Title runing thus : Here follow se- •veral Maps or Plates of Countries and Copperplates wherein the Portion of the Countries is depicted and placed before the Eves, wliich have been mention'd in the above Navisration, Engraved upon Copper and published by John Theodore de Bry. — Oppenheim, printed by H. Gallern for Levini Hulsii Widow, 1614, — from which it would appear tliat the oppo- sition or competition between the De Bry and the Successors of Hulsius had subsided for a Time and that Halsius published the Quarto and tlie De Brys the folio Edition of one and the same Work. I 'I 68 NAVIGATIONS, PART THIRTEENTH. PART XUI. RalpJie Hamor's account of F'irginia. Dreyzehente Scliiffahrt, i. e. Thirteenth voyage wherein a true and profound Account of the present slate of the Country of Virginia; also how at present the peace is concluded with tlie Indians and how different Towns and fortresses have there been built by the English, for the protection of the Country etc. etc. first written in the English Language by Raphe Ha- mor etc. Secretary, and translated into German by an amateur of histories, — Pietate Fides Gaudet. Printed at Ilanaw, for Hulsius, 1617 (no other Edition knowai). Frontispiece: a man- ned vessel w ith full sail, in a Lozenge, supporters : a Virginian and an English Knight. Preface, p. 3, 4, 5. Text, p. 6 — 76. One Map, identical with that described in the following Part. 4 plates. The Events related in this Part contain valuable materials for the History of the Settlement of Virginia. In 1583 the Name of Virginia had been bestowed by Queen Elizabeth upon that Part of the Continent of America, with which the Name and fame of Sir Walter Raleigh is so intimately connected. The Colony, planted by his Exertions, had to struggle with innumerable difficulties, which rose to such magnitude that in NAVIGATIONS, PART THIRTEENTH. 09 May 1610 it was resolved to abandon the Settlement, a Reso- lution which but for the inteference of Lord Delaware would have been adopted. "By an assiduous attention to his duty, and a happy union of qualities fitted equally to inspire esteem and command submission, Lord Delaware succeeded in main- taining peace and good order in the Settlement, — in aAvaken- ing a spirit of industry and alacrity among the Colonists, — and in again impressing the dread and reverence of the Eng- lish name on the mind of the Indians." * Lord Delaware was succeeded in Command by Sir Thomas Dale and the latter again in x\ugust 1612 by Sir Thomas Gates, — both of which were united by mutual friendship and similarity of Character. "Gates approved and pursued the system of strict discipline and steady but moderate Execution of the martial Code, that had been introduced by Dale ; and under the Direction of Dale, who continued in the Country and cheerfully occupied a sub- ordinate station, various detached parties of the colonists began to form additional settlements on the banks of James River and at some distance from James town." — Ralph IIamok's "Discourse" refers to the Events of which the above is a brief outline but the most interesting Part of it is that which contains "the romantic Histoiy of Pocahontas, * Grahame, History of the Uuited States of North -America, 4 vols. 8vo. Lon- don, 1836. vol. I., p. 60. 70 NAVIGATIONS, Px\RT THIRTEENTH. the daughter of the Indian King Powhatan." A Captain Argal "was despatched to the shores of the River Potomac in quest of a Cargo of Corn, learning that Pocahontas was Kving in re- tirement at no great Distance from him, and hoping by Pos- session of her Person, to obtain such an ascendant over Po- whatan, as would insure an ample contribntion of Provisions, he prevail'd on her, by some artifice, to come on board his vessel, and then set sail with her to James -Town. During her Re- sidence in the Colony, Pocahontas who is described as a wo- man possessed of uncommon beauty, gained the affections of a young man named Rolfe, a person of Rank and Estimation among the Planters, who forthwith offer'd her his hand, and with her approbation and the warm encouragement of the Go- vernor solicited the Consent of Powhatan to their marriage. This the old Prince readily bestowed, and sent some of his relations to attend the Ceremonial, wliich was performed with extraordinary Pomp, and laid the foundation of a firm and sin- cere friendship between his tribe and the English." * — The old quaint style in which this "Romance of real Life" is told must have made both the Original and the Translation very acceptable to both English and German readers, the Work having become equally scarce in either Language. Lowndes ** • Grahame, History, vol, I., p. 63, " Bibliographers Planual. NAVIGATIONS, PART THIRTEENTH. 71 knew of but one Copy of "R. Hamor's true Discourse of the present Estate of Virginia, London, 1615. 4to, and that in the Possession of the British Museum." * De Bry having republished the same account In 1()19, two years after Hulsius's Edition, it appears that our Author Iiad better means of procuring interesting materials lit for trans- lating into german — a trade which was begun in the 17th and has become but too extended in the 20th Century — but has omitted three interesting letters whicli conclude our Etli- tlon, written by Sailors engaged in the Expedition, / 72 NAVIGATIONS, PART FOURTEENTH. PART XIV. Captain John Smith's account of Virginia. Vjertzehende Scliiffahrt, i. e. Fourteenth voyage or a profound and true description of New England, a Country in Northern India, a part of America, under Captain Jolm Schmidt, Knight, Admiral of the said Country, also of the happy success he had in that Country with six vessels etc. all in the last passed 1616th year. Translated from the English into the high german by an Amateur of Histories. Francfort, 1617, (reprinted 1628). Frontispiece similar to that of the previous part. The preface — 4 pages — contains an address to the "Honourable patrons and merchants of London, Bristow (sic), Exceter, Plimoutli, Dartmouth, Bastable (sic), Totneys, trading to the Country of New England" signed "John Schmidt" two pages occupied by a List of the new and old Names given to the different places by His princely Highness during the time the Book was print- ing — Text, p. 1 — 62, one leaf blank. — A map of new Eng- land with Smiths portrait, and one plate. Camus who describes this Part ' does not appear to have known the original (a very rare Pamphlet, worth two Guineas with the map, which was published in London b}- Humfrey • MlmoiTe, p. 144— li7. NATIGATIOAS, PART FOURTEEjNTH. 73 Lownes, 1616. 4 to., and of which the following is the Title and Collation: A Description of New England: or [he ohser- vations, and Discoueries of Captain John Smith (Adniirall of that Country) in the North of America in 1614: with the Suc- cess of sixe Ships, that went the next Yeare 1615. CoUalion: Title, epistle dedicatory to "Charles, Prince of Great Britaine," 'to the Knights and Gentlemen of his Maiesties Councell,' 'to the right WorshipfuU Aduenturers* and complimentary verses, together 8 leaves: the description pp. 61. At page 1 is a fold- ing map of New England, at the Corner of w hich is a Portrait of Capt. John Smith. * I have quoted the whole Collation from Lowndes in order to enable "the gentle reader" to conjpare it with the translation. The map in our AVork, is an exact fac- simile of the Original and is also attached to part XIII. of our Collection. . The Narrative of Capt. Smith, a man whose services are acknowledged as extremely honorable and important by every author of American History is thus referred to by Grahame."* "The miscarriage of several colonial adventures, and the evil report that was raised against the Land, deterred the Plymouth company for some time from any farther attempt to plant a settlement in Northern Virginia, and produced an impression * Lowndes Bibliographers Manual, vol. IV., p. 1695. " History of the U. S. of North America, London, 1836. to). I., p. 157. K 74 NAVIGATIONS, PART FOURTEENTH. on the minds of the people of England very unfavourable to emigration to that territory. For several years the operations of the company were confined to a few fishing voyages to Cape Cod, and a traffic in peltry and oil with the natives. At length their prospects were cheered by a gleam of better fortune; and the introduction of Captain Smith into their service seemed to betoken more vigorous and successful enterprise. Sir Ferdinando Gorges and some other leading members of the Plymouth Com- pany, justly appreciating the merit of this eminent man, were fair to engage his valuable services which the London Com- pany had so unworthily neglected. Six years after the abandon- ment of the settlement of Sagahadoc, two vessels were des- patched under the command of Captain Smith and Captain Hunt, on a voyage of trade and discovery to the Plymouth company's territories. Smith, having concluded his traffic with the na- tives, left his crew engaged in fishing, and, accompanied by only eight men, travelled into the interior of the country, sur- veyed its condition, explored with care and diligence the whole coast, from Cape Cod to Penobscot, and composed a map in which its features were accurately delineated. On his return to England, he presented his maps, with an account of his travels and observations, to prince Charles, who was so much pleased with the description of the country, that he bestowed on it the name of New England which it has ever since retained." NAVIGATIONS, PART FOURTEENTH. 75 This part also is necessary for llie Completement of and comparison with de Bry; both furnish the translations of the same text, but that of Ilulsius is much preferable being by far more, correct, particularly in spelling the English proper names, where de Bry is very apt to make mistakes. The plate which in de Bry illustrates this part represents a vessel during a storm, that of Hulsius some beasts and birds of Virginia. k2 76 NAYIGATIONS, Px\RT FIFTEENTH PART XV. Robert Coverlets Travels in the Interior of Asia. FuNFrzEHENDE ScliilFalii't, i. e. Fifteenth voyage. True and never before heard of account of an Englishman, wlio shipwreck'd with a vessel called "the Ascension" in Cambaia, the remotest part of the East Indies and relation of his wanderings by Land through unknown Kingdoms. — Also a true revelation of the Highmighty Emperor the great Mogul, under Captain Robert Coverte. Translated from the English by an amateur of His- tories. — Hanaw for Ilulsius, 1617, (reprinted Frankforth, le Blon 1648). Frontispiece: a tartar attempting to bestride an Elephant. Preface, p. 3, 4. Text, p. 5 — 75. Colophon: Pietate fides gaudet. The English Original of this Part of our Collection ap- pears to have been a favorite Book with our Ancestors, its Title runs thus: A true and almost incredible Report of an Englishman that being cast away in the good Ship called the Ascension in Cambaya (the farthest Part of the East Indies), travelled by Land through many unknowne Kingdomes and great Cities, with a particular Description of all those King- doms, Cities and People: As also a relation of their Commo- dities, and Manner of Traflique, and at what Seasons of the NAVIGATIONS, PART riFTEENTH. / / Year lliey are most in Use: Faithfully related* Willi a Dis- covery of a great Emperor, called the Great Mogul, a Prince not till now known to our English Nation, by Captain Robert Coverte. The llrst Edition appear'd in London, printed by Will. Hall, for T. Archer and R. Redmer, 1G12. 4to., it was followed by "the second Impression newly corrected," London, 1614. 4to. — and by a third Edition in 1631. 4to. — The Editor of the "Collection of Voyages and Travels" quoted repeatedly above who was ignorant of the Existence of our Work, thus refers to this Narrative * "Captain Covertes Relation is not inserted in Purchas's Collection allho*' few Tracts had a better Title than the Captain's, taking the whole together. However de Bry knew the Value of it, and gave a latin Trans- lation, with Cuts, in his Collection (Indiae Orient., part XL, p, \i), divided into Chapters; the Original being printed in one continued Narrative." De Brys translation appear'd two years later (In 1619) than our own and Is full of mistakes as will be found by comparison with the original, whereas our Edition is as close as possible "a true translation;" the "Cuts" with which the De Bry's have illustrated their Work, are of course mere "fancy Pictures" there being nothing of the kind in the Original. "This Voyage lays Claim to two Discoveries, that of the • Vol. I., p. 336. 78 NAVIGATIONS, PART FIFTEENTH. Great Moguls Country, as appears from the Authors Title; the other, the Discovery of the Red Sea," * the Narrative is ^vritten in a very lively, agreable style. • Vol. I., p. 336. NAVIGATIONS, PART SIXTEENTH. 79 PART XVI. TFiUiam Schouten's Expedition to the Pacific. Die sechtzehende Scliiffahrt, i. e. the sixteenth voyage Jour- iiaJ, or description of the wonderful voyage of WilHani Schoulen of Holland, in the years 1615, 16 and 17, Avherein he dis- cover'd anew thoroughfare near Magellans strait into the South - sea, which hitherto had heen unknown etc. etc. Illustrated hy many maps and plates. Francfort sumptibus Hulsianis, lOlO (no other edition known). Frontispiece: two Americans. Pre- face, i pages. Text, p. 7 — 90. — 9 maps and plates. Of the plates some represent incidents and views similar to those of de Bry, but instead of four maps with which the present voyage is illustrated, de Bry has only two. HuLsius's Account of this "Navigation," one of the most consequential of the seventeenth Century is of extreme Interest. It will be seen by the Extract quoted below, that two accounts of this Expedition were published shortly after the Completion of the Voyage by the respective friends of Schouten and Lemaire, the two Navigators, which differ in many instances. — De Bry's and Hulsius's Versions of these Dutch accounts appear'd both in 1619, but they translated from the two differing originals, in Consequence of which these Translations present the Curious so NAVIGATIONS, PART SIXTEENTH. ^vllh all the facts as stated on both sides. Our Tersion how- ever is beyond comparison superior to its competitor (Grandcs Voyages XL) as it renders all those passages correctly which in de Bry have become quite unintelligible (see Camus Mc- moire, p. 148 — 153^. Thus for instance, De Bry, in the very beginning of the Book states under the 12th of July "saw some wildernesses" into which absurd Error he was probably lead by the Circumstance that the Islands were called, as stated by Hulsius, p. 8, the Salvages (two small desert isles, S. S. E. of Madeira), taking Salvages for Sauvages! — And this Proof of the ignorance of the Editor of De Brys translation is certainly sufficient to uphold the opinion stated in the Introduction of this Memoir, that our Collection is not alone much more cor- rect, but is in fact indispensably necessary to those "Amateurs" who have purchased de Bry not alone as a curious, but also as an useful Book. The following Extract * may serve as an Introduction to the Narrative of which an account will be found at pp. 118 and foil, of the clever Work referred to: By the Charter of the Dutch East India Company, no other merchants were allowed to pass round the Cape of Good Hope or through the Straits of Magellan to the Moluccas, — a pro^ hibition supposed to be sufficient to secure to that body an * Edinburgh Cabinet Library, vol. XXI.- p. 117. NAYIGATIOrsS, PART SIXTEEXTII. 81 exclusive trade in tlie spices. Many English pilots ■svere Low- ever about tLis time in the service of the United Provinces; and by their means, it is probable, was the fact made known that Drake had discovered an open sea to the south of Tlerra del Fuego. Accordingly, about the year 1G13 some merclianls, proceeding on this ground, imagined that a new passage might be found to India, and that they might thus acquire a right to participate in the gainful traffic to these regions. An expedition was accordingly planned, chiefly as appears by Isaak le Maire, a wealthy citizen of Amsterdam, and by William Schouten, a native of Hoom and an experienced mariner. Their object was not openly avowed: they obtained from the States -general the privilege of making the first four v oyages to the places whicli they might discover, and formed themselves into an association under the name of the Southern Company: but as the destination of the vessels was not disclosed to the seamen, who where engaged to sail whithersoever their commanders chose, the other merchants were displeased because they could not penetrate tlie designs of their neighbours, and those who engaged in the enterprise were derisively denominated Gold Seekers. * * It is proper to observe that the details of the Voyage of Schouten and Le Maire are in many instances involved in doubt. Two accounts of their voyage were pu- blished shortly after its completion, written by the respective friends of the two navigators, and the discrepancies between their narratives, though they do not affect the more important events of tlie voyage involve tlie minuter details in much L S2 NAVIGATIONS, PART SIXTEENTH. peqilcxity. There is sometimes a difference between tlieir reckonings of from twenty -live to forty- five minutes of latitude; they rary in their dates to the extent of eight or nine days; and even while they agree as to the substance of events, they differ as to the order of their occurence. In the following account we have endeavoured to reconcile their conflicting statements so far as possible, and where that was not practicable, have generally given preference to the authority of the fii'st published account, the Journal of the Voyage of JViUlavi Schoutcn, which appeared at Amsterdam in 1617 in the Dutch and French languages, bearing in the latter the title of "Journal ou Description du MerveiUeux Voyage de Guillaume Schou- ten." It was translated into Latin by de Bry in 1619, and an English translation appeared at London in the same year, and afterwards in Purchas, vol. I., p. 88 — 107. The second narrative of the voyage was printed at Amsterdam in 1622, under the title of ''Journal et Miroir de la Navigation Australe de Jacijues Le Maire, Chef et Conducteur de deux JNavIres." In addition to these have appeared vai'ious other relations, to which it is not necessai-y to advert, as they are of no authority, and contain nothins; but what will be found in the two orisfinal authorities. But one exception must be made from this judgment, — the "Navigation Australe par Jacques Le Maire et par W. Corn. Schouten," said to be compiled from the Journal of Adrian Claesz, and published in the "Recueil des Voj^ages a I'Etablisseraent de la Comp. des Indes Orient." Translations of the Journals of Schouten and of Le Maire, and of parts of that attributed to Claesz, are inserted in Dalrymple's Hist. Coll., vol. ii., p. 1 — 64. An able and critical narrative will be found in Burney's valuable work. This author, though he seems frequently to have preferred the account given by the friends of Le Maire, states which much candour that, "on comparison, the fact appears that the greater portion of the ]\arigation Australe de Le IHai're is taken from the Journal du MerveiUeux Voyage de IV. Schouten, and tliat the editor has endeavoured to disguise the plagiarism by verbal alterations." — Chron. Hist, Discov., vol. ii., p. 360. NAVIGATIONS, PART SEVENTEENTH. 83 PART XVII. S/)i/be/'gcn's ExpccUlion to the Pacific. Die siebenzehende Scliiffalirt, i. e. the seventeenth voyage that is exact and true description of the wonderful Journey and voyage made by Mr. George de Spilbergen. — Illustrated by fine plates and maps, Francfort, sumptibus Ilulsianis, 1620 (no other Ed. known). Vignette: a vessel under full sail. Preface, pages 3, 4, 5. Text, p. G — 73. — 8 plates. Tins and the preceding, 16tli, Part of our Collection ought to be consider'd as one connected Narrative as Avill be seen by the following concluding Passage: "with the Admiral came home also William Schouteu who had been engaged with Le Maire in the South Sea, as described in the beKinnins; of this History;* the said Le Maire also intended to return home with de Spilbergen, but he had hardly been taken aboard when he died, heartbroken of the unfortunate loss of his vessel, to the grief of the admiral and the abovenamed William Schouten," ** and upon comparison of the two it will be found that our Edi- tion is much preferable to De Brys (Grand cs F'oyages, Part XI. Appendix). Thus for instance see: the Description of Lima * See: Hulsius, part XVI. " ibid., p. 93. l2 84 NAVIGATION'S, PART SEVENTEEiNTIL (De Dry, pp. 49 to oSJ, of the Incidents ^vhich happen'd to the Navigators in December 1615 (pp. 65 to 67J, and that of the Molucca Islands, their Conquest etc. fp. S6J. — * "The Dutch East India Company established 1602, fitted out six yessels, Avhich, under George Spilbergen sailed from the Texel on the 8th of August 1614, destined to penetrate through the Straits of Magellan to the South Sea, there to cruise against the Spaniards, and to strengthen the power ol their countrymen in the Spice Islands. They -svere furnished equally for war or for trade; and so ably was the expedition conducted, that the five largest yessels reached the Moluccas in safety, after defeating Roderigo de Mendoza Avitli a greatly superior force near the American coast. The Peruvian admiral had boasted that he would make prisoners or slay the whole of his ennemies. — "Two of my ships," he said, "would take all England; bow much more those Hens of Holland, after so long a journey has spent and wasted them!" ** In the encounter the Low Country warriors betrayed nothing of the spirit of the fowl to which they were insultingly compared, but the ar- rogant governor did not survive to encounter the ridicule whicii lie had justly merited, for bis vessel, after escaping from the conflict, went down at sea. It was not to be expected that * Edinburgh Cabinet Library, vol. XXI., p. 115 and 116. ** Purchas, vol. i. , p. 81. NAVIGATION'S, PART SEVENTEENTH. 85 a Dutchman, whose orders were to employ lilmself in fighting and traffic, should deviate from the accustomed track in search of ne^Y lands, or spend much time in investigating the character and manners of the people; this voyage accordingly presents nothing that is now interesting in either of these respects, though the survey of the Straits of Magellan and of 3Ianilla furnished to mariners better charts of these channels than any before executed. On the 29th Marcli 1616, Spilbergen arrived at the Bloluccas, and till the end of the year continued occupied with the affairs of his employers. 86 NATIGATIOiXS, PART EIGHTEEIN'TH. PART xyiii. Herrera^s Account of the TVest Indies. AciiTZEHENDER Thcil, i. c. Eighteenth part of the new workl, being the complete discovery of all the West -Indian Countries, Islands and Kingdoms, Coasts, Rivers etc. etc. . . . newly disco- vered and described by Antonius de Herrera, Royal Historio- grapher of Castile and India, translated into German. Franck- fort for Hulsius, 1623 (no other Ed. known). Vignette: a vessel with slackened sail. Preface of the author addressed to Paul de Laguna, 4 pages. Text, p. 1 — 256. It might almost be supposed by the Title of this Part, that Hulsius's Successors became an opposition of the De Brj's about the time of its publication. Like De Bry they published an "America part eighteenth," altho' none of the former parts of our Collection assume this imitation of De Bry's titles, but al- ways begin by "first, second Navigation," — however this may be, De Bry's took a heavy revenge, for in 1624 they repu- blished the same account in their Grandes Voyages, part XIL, an Edition yet as common as ours is rare. The Analysis given of the Contents of this Narrative by Camus ( Memoir e p. 160 to 166^ may be applied literally to the present account, for the better understanding of which it NAVIGATIONS, PART EIGHTEENTH. 87 will suffice lo cite tlie pagination of Hulsius in concordance to that of de Bry as referred to by Camus. Camus p. 104 cites fol. 6 which in Hulsius is p. '29 8 - - - 31 10 - - - 43 165 - 36 - - . 165 45 - - - 210 46 - - - 217 166 - 53 - - - 256. Our Edition as well as De Bry's contains the fourteen Maps and the Glossary copied from the Spanish Original Work. 88 NAVIGATIONS, PART NINETEENTH. PART XIX. Samuel Br ami's Voyages in different parts of the TT orld. Die neimtzeliencle, i. e. tlie nlneteentli voyage, containing five Journeys of Samuel Bro^^ai, Citizen and Surgeon at Basil, under- taken A\itliin tliese last years, into different foreign countries and kingdoms, viz. in Afrika and its provinces etc. etc till his return to Holland. — Francfort for Hulsius, 1626 (no other Ed. extant). Vignette: a vessel at anchor and traders ashore. A Poem "to the Christian Reader" in lieu of a Pre- face, pp. 3 — 7. Text, p. 8 — 105 verso. Appendix containing Copies of Documents, 4 pages. Colophon: "Gott allein die Ehre" i. e. Honour be to God alone. 7 plates. The nineteenth Part of our Collection contains, as will be seen by the Title, the narrative of a Surgeon, a man, more than who, very few were ever possessed with a thirst for ad- venture and roaming about the World. His Travels first appear'd at Basil in 1624, 8vo. and both De Bry and Hulsius have con- sider'd them worthy of forming Part of their respective collec- tions. In the former it will be found under the Title of "Ap- pendix Regni Congo." This is one of the rarest of the whole Series of De Bry's "Peregrinations," having been printed but once, w hereas the first Edition of the Part lo which it is appended NAYIGATIONS, PART rsINETEEXTH. 89 (Petils P^oyagcs, vol. I.) appeared in 1598, — nearly thirty years before Braun's account was published. Master Braun, a travelling Surgeon, got to Amsterdam in the Course of his Ramifications in the year 1611 and "seeing there numerous Vessels bound to foreign Parts" his love of Adventure rose to such height that he immediately engaged in a Vessel bound to Angola, — he visited the Canary Islands, Bansa, Loango, Congo etc. and returned to Amsterdam after an absence of twenty -two Months. His Captain, John Pe- terson, was agxiin sent out by his Employers, 31st March 1614 and Master Braun again accompanied hirn; their destination was the Coast of Guinea and the voyage lasted two years and two months, to June 1st 1616. — The Life on Shore had be- come so irksome that on the 16th of June 1616 he embarked again on board of another Dutch Vessel, with which he visited Lisbon, Venice and some Islands of the Adriatic and returned to Amsterdam in August 1617. — His fourth Voyage Braun undertook with the Vie^v of finding Employment as a Surgeon at Fort Nassau on the Guinea Coast. — He succeeded in this Project, and after an honorable service of two years and nine months returned to Holland in 1620. — The fifth and last trip was undertaken as a Surgeon to the Dutch fleet cruizing in the Mediteranean , he embarked the 2Sth October 1617 and after visiting Malta and Alexandria he returned in August 1621. M 90 NAVIGATIONS, PART NINETEENTH. The Narrative is full of interest, its style is so liverly that it reads almost like the "Tour of a german Prince," who appears to follow the footsteps of this Countryman of his, but who perhaps would be at a loss, if called upon to produce such Documents of his wellbehayiour as those with which our author concludes his ^TVeltgang." See also: Camus, Memoire, p. 183 and 186 to 189. NAVIGATIONS, PART TWENTIETH. 91 PART XX. Accounts of IVctv England, Firginia, the Bermuda Islands etc. ZwAMZiGSTE Schiffalirt, i. e. twentlelli voyage or profound and full description of New England, as also a detailed account of the Condition of the Country of Virginia and the Island Bar- muda . . . now completely published. — Francfort, Ilulsius's Heirs, 1629, no other Edition extant. — Vignette: a manned vessel in full sail. Preface, p. 1 — 7. Text, p. 8 — 116. 1 map and 3 plates. Contents. I. "Of the Newly found Land or New England." The XlVth Part of our Collection brings down the History of our Possessions in that Part of North America to the year 1616 and the present Narrative commences from 1618. The Original Work of which this is a translation bears the following Title: A Discourse and Discovery of Newfoundland, \mtten by Captaine Richard Whitbourne. London, 1620. 4to. (reprinted with additions 1622 and 1623). "Captain Whitbourne" (spelt Waitborne both by De Bry and Hulsius) "was the father of Newfoundland, as Smith (see Hulsius, part XIP^) was of Vir- ginia and New England and Champion of Canada. — He says that Island was as familiar to him as his own Country, having m2 92 NAVIGATIONS, PART TWENTIETH. been employed more than forty years in making Voyages to and from it." * n. "Of the Country of Virginia" (p. 39/ This Section may be consider'd as a Continuation of the above and also of our XlVth part, the map described at p. 73 is also added to tbis Chapter and it appears to have been compiled from one of Capt. Smith's later publications. The following are the topics discussed: 1. The Geography of the Country. 2. Natural His- tory. 3. Argriculture. 4. Customs of the Natives. 5. Their Religion. 6. Their Government. 7. Capt. Smith's Captivity and Deliverance. ** 8. An account of an Action fought in 1620 off the Coast of Virginia between one English and two Spanish Vessels. 9. Of the Defeat of the English in Virginia, the 22d May 1622. 10. Of the present State of Virginia and of the English there living. III. "Of Bermuda or Summers Island." — "Lord Delaware was appointed Governor of Bermuda in 1609, but as he was unable to proceed himself to the settlement in that year, he sent three Deputy Governors, who, being embarked in the same ship, were all cast away on the Islands of Bermudas. On those islands, which were at that time uninhabited, they found abun- * Rlchs Catalogue of Books relating principally to America. London, 1S32. p. 39. ** See: History of Maritime and Inland Discovery, vol. II., p. 214; and Hul- sius, part XIV. NAVIGATIONS, PART TWENTIETH. 93 dance of wood and of Provisions. The swine left there by the Spaniards had increased prodigiously, and proved for the future a grand resource to the needy Colonists. The Bermudas were now taken possession of for the crown of England; and from Sir George Summers, one of the Deputy Governors, they re- ceived the name of Summer s Islands^ * Chapter I. of our Nar- rative treats "of the Geography, Nature and Temperature of Bernmda." Chap. II. of the different Creatures and "good Op- portunities found in Summers Island." Chap. III. how the Eng- lish have taken Possession of and increased in Summers Islands down to the Year 1622. See also: Camus, Memoire, p. 172 and foil, and De Bry, Grandes Voya^es^ vol. 13. * See: Histoiy of Maritime and Inland Discovery, vol. II., p. 216. 94 NAVIGATIONS, PART TWENTY FIRST. PART XXI. EnierpT'ises of the Dutch in the Brasils. Die ein und zwantzigste, i. e. the 21st voyage, or circumstan- tial and further description of the Country of BrasiHa, Americae, and its inliabitants and manners etc. . . . item; liow the fine Port Totos los Sanctos with the town of Salvator, was captured by the Dutch in 1624 and afterwards again abandon'd. — Item: a complete discourse how the Spanish silver fleet has been captured by the gallant officer Peter Peters Ileyn and Admiral Henrich Cornelius Loneq etc. Francfort, printed for Ilulsius Heirs, 1629 (no other Ed. extant). Frontispiece: a Vessel in a strait. Preface, pp. 3 — 6. Text, p. 7 — 131. 1 map and 4 plates. Contents: I. Chap. 1. Of the different Languages and Na- tions in Brasilia. Cliap. 2. Of their Religion and Ceremonies. Chap. 3. Of the Ceremonies when they kill Captives and when they create Noblemen (!) with a plate. Chap. 4. An account of the blokade and capture of Sanct Vincent and Porto Bello by the English Captain William Parkelt in the year 16|-|^. II. John George Altenburgs, an Eyewitness'es, Description of the Conquest of the City of Sanct Salvador in Brazilia, by the Dutch in 1624, which City and Port ^vas however aban- doned by them afterwards (p. 38 to 112). This Part is illus- NAYIGATIOISS, PART TWENTY FIRST. 95 trated by two maps, described pp. 113 to 122. — The plates are numbered 122, 123. III. "Descriplion of the Conquest of the Spanish Silver Fleet, whicJi has been captured by General Peter Peters lieyn, in New Spain, in the Island of Cuba anno 1628," with Heyns Portrait, p. 123 to 131. For an Analysis of this Part, see Camus, Memoirc, pp. 174 and 176 to 180. 96 NAYIGATIONS, PART TWENTY SECOND. PART XXII. Jacob VHcrmite's p'oyage round the TJ'orld. Die zwey und zwanzigste, i. e. the twenty second voyaj^e, that is: Historical accurate description of the great and mighty vo- yage, made under Admiral Jacoh riiermite round Ihe -world in the years 1623, 1624, 1625 and 1626, — wherein xidolphus Decker of Strasburg recounts, as an Ej^ewitness, wliat remar- kable incidents happen'd from day to day. Illustrated by En- gravings. Francfort, for Hulsius's Heirs, 1630 (no other Edition extant). Frontispiece: Seven vessels meant to represent the Dutch fleet, and a Brazilian man, woman and child. No Pre- face. Text, p. 3 — 114. — 8 maps and plates — these are numbered from I. to VHI. The Account which forms the XXEId Part of our Collec- tion was first published at Strasburg under the Title of: Diurnal der Reise der nassauischen Flotte, unter Jacob IHermite, um die ganze Welt, 1629. 4to. and it certainly is of no small interest to read the account of an Eyewitness of this Voyage round the World, of the results of which the following is a condensed account,* strictly in accordance with our Edition (See for instance our, p. 48, and the author quoted below, p. 138). * Edinburgh Cabinet Library, Tol. XXI., pp. 137 and foil. NAYIGATIONS, PART TWENTY SECOND. 97 The truce \vliicli for twelve years had subsisted between Spain and the united Provinces having expired in 1621, both parties hastened to resume active hostihties. Among other measures the Dutch, early in the year 1623, fitted out a naval armament against Peru, and it is to the proceedings of this fleet that we have now to direct the readers attention. It con- sisted of eleven ships, mounting 29i canon, and supplied with 1637 men, of -svhom 600 were soldiers. The command was intrusted to Jacob I'Hermite, an officer, who had acquired ce- lebrity in the service of their East India Company; and the squadron which, in honour of Prince Maurice of Nassau, one of its chief promoters, was named the Nassau Fleet, sailed from Goree on the 29th April 1623. On the 11th August they anchored off Sierra Leone, and remained there till the beginning of September. During their stay they experienced the fatal effects of that pestilential cli- mate, from which Europeans have since suffered so much. They buried forty- two men, and many more suffered severely, among whom was the Admiral ITIermite, who contracted a disease from which he never recovered. After leaving this coast, they visited the islands of San Thomas and Annabon, at the latter of which they remained till the beginning of November. It was in their instructions, that they should not touch at any part of the South American continent northward of the Rio N 98 NAVIGATIOrsS, PART TWENTY SECOND. de la Plata, and that tliey should penetrate into the Soutli Sea by the newly discovered Strait of Le Maire, which was con- sidered to afford a more certain passage than the Straits of Magellan. It was the 1st of Februaiy before they made the Cape de Penas on Tierra del Fuego, and on the 2d they en- tered Strait le Blaire, which the Journal of the Voyage says they would not have known, had not one of the pilots, who had previously passed through it, recognised the high mountains on Tierra del Fuego. Some of the ships anchored in two bays near the northern entrance, which they named Verschoor and Valentine, and are the same w ith the port Mauritius of modern maps and the Bay of Good Success. Although the whole fleet had passed through the strait just described on the evening of the !2d of February, yet owing to contrary winds, they were on the 14lh still seven leagues eastward of Cape Horn. The next day, tliey doubled that promontory and saw "a great gulf between that cape and the cape next to the west," which they were prevented from en- tering by bad weather. On the 16th Cape Horn lay to the eastward, and they discovered two islands, which, according to their reckoning, were distant to the westward fourteen or fifteen leagues. The following morning they perceived that they had lost ground, and fearing that they should still fall to leeward, they entered a large bay and cast anchor. In this NAVIGATIONS, PART TWENTY SECOND. 99 harbour, which was afterwards named Nassau Bay, lliey re- mained ten days. On the 23d some boats, whicli were sent to procure water, were compelled by a sudden and violent storm to return, leaving nineteen of the crew on shore wholly destitute of arms, of whom next day only two were found alive. The savages, it appears, as soon as night came on attacked them with clubs and slings, and killed all except two, who had contrived to conceal themselves. Only five bodies were discovered, some of which were cut into quarters and others strangely mangled. Not a single native was seen after this unfortunate event. A party which had been sent to examine the neighbouring coast, reported that the Tierra del Fucgo was divided into several islands; that without doubling Cape Horn a passage into the South Sea might be effected, through the Bay or rather Gulf of Nassau, which was open to the east as well as to the west; and that, through some of these numerous openings it was persumed ships might penetrate into the Straits of Magellan. Such parts of the Tierra del Fuego as were seen, appeared decidedly mountainous, though not wanting in many fine valleys and watered meadows. The hills were clad with trees, all of whicli were bent eastward, owing to the strong westerly winds which prevail in these parts. Spacious harbours, capable of sheltering the largest fleets, were frequently observed between the Islands. The natives are described as differing little in n2 100 NAVIGATIONS, PART TWENTY SECOND. stature from the people of Europe, and as being ^Yell propor- tioned in tlieir limbs: Their hair is long, black and thick, their teeth "as sharp as the blade of a knife." They paint their bodies of different colours and with fanciful devices ; their na- tural complexion, however, seemed to be as fair as that of an European. Some of them were observed to have one side of their body altogether white, and the opposite entirely red; others were remarked with the trunks of their bodies white, and the face, arms and legs coloured red. The males were perfectly naked; the females, who were painted like the men, wore only a little piece of skin about the waist, and a string of shells round their neck. Their huts were constructed of trees, in a conical form, having an opening at the top to let the smoke escape; the floor was sunk two or three feet below the level of the ground; and the sides of the walls were co- vered with earth. Their fishing-tackle consisted of lines, stone hooks and harpoons, and were generally fabricated with some degree of neatness. For arms they had sharp knives made of stone, slings, bows, and arrows with stone heads ; lances pointed with bone, and clubs. Their canoes measured in length from ten to sixteen feet, and about two in width; they were built of the bark of large trees, ressembling in shape the gondolas of Venice. * In regard to their manners and habits, the report * Ilulsius, p. 57., February 1624. NAVIGATIONS, PART TWENTY SECOND. 101 is Tery imfayourable: They more ressemble beasts than ]iumaii beings; "for besides that they tear men to pieces, and devour the ilesh raw and bloody, there was not perceived among them the smallest indication of a religion or government; on the contrary they live together like beasts."* The fleet left Nassau Bay on the 27tli Februai-y, and for some time met with westerly winds, so that they did not reach the island of Juan Fernandez till the beginning of April. Having taken in water here, they sailed on the 13th for the coast of Peru, and on the 8th of May were off Callao, where they re- mained until the lith of August. On the 2d of June, Jacob rilermite, the admiral, died of the lingering illness contracted at Sierra Leone, and which was aggravated by the hardships and misfortunes of the expedition. He was buried on the island of Lima, the Isla de San Lorenzo of modern charts; and the vice -admiral, Hugo Schappenham, succeeded to the command. On leaving Callao, they proceeded northward, and after various delays arrived at Acapulco on the 28th of October. Here they remained some time, and having at last finally re- solved to proceed westwards to reach the East Indies, on the 29th of November they bade adieu to the shores of Mexico, and directed their course across the Pacilic. On the evening of the 25th Januaiy 1625 they came in ' Burney, Cliron. Hist. Discoy., vol. iii.. p. 13. — Hulsius. p. 5S. 102 NAVIGATIONS, PART TWENTY SECOND. sight of Guahan, one of the Ladrones and Marians, having on the 15th passed some islands supposed by them to be those of Gaspar Rico, but which more probably belonged to the group San Bartolome, discovered in 1526 by Logasa. * They left Guahan on the 11th of Februai-y, and in the beginning of March arrived at the Moluccas, where the fleet having been broken up, the expedition may be said to have terminated. The admiral Schappenham embarked in the Eendracht for Hol- land, but died while off the coast of Java. The vessel pro- ceeded on her voyage and on the 9th of July 1626 anchored m the Texel; having the first journalist of the expedition on board, who thus reached his native country after an absense of three years and seventy days. • Burney, Chron. Hist, Discov., vol. iii., p. 33, and vol. i., p. 138. With the help of the dates reported above it is easy to refer to our Narrative, wiich is drawn up in form of a Journal. NAVIGATIONS, PART TWENTY THIRD. 103 PART xxm. Voyage to Malta by the Brothers von Streithcrg. Die drei und zwantzigste, i. e. 23d voyage, precise and detailed account of tlie voyage of George William and Ludovic William, Brotliers de Streitberg and John Hieronymus de Eboneth, to the far renowned Christian-Hero Island of Malta, described and published by John Frederic Breithaupt. — Francfort, for Frederic Hulsius, 1632. — No other Edition extant. Vignette: a vessel in View of Lavalette on Malta. Preface, 7 pages. Text, pag. 1 — 122. Index, 16 pages. 9 Engravings, viz. 5 maps or plans and i plates. Although the object of tliis Voyage and the Island, which it describes, are of a Nature wholly different from all the other Parts which form our Collection, it is by no means devoid of Interest. It presents the Reader with an Account of the Route laken by the Author and his Companions; mi- nute Descriptions of all objects worthy of notice in the numerous Cities visited by them; of a Galley and of the state of the Convicts by whom it is worked; it further gives a Plan and an account of Messina, a description of Silicy, Plan and ac- count of Palermo and of course a long and detailed descrip- tion of Malta, its several Curiosities, the Institutions of the lOi NAVIGATIONS, PART TWENTY THIRD. Order of Jerusalem, the number of Knights, their Rites and Cere- monies etc. etc. On their return home to Germany the Authors landed at Naples, of -which city and its vicinities a detailed description is given. In the Preface the Editor recommends his Publication as a ''Handbook for Travellers in Italy," upon the same Principles a modern Editor does a recent Publication of the same Nature and thus proves that even two centuries ago Booksellers of Francfort and of Albemarle Street hunted the same Ground. NAYIGATIOPsS, PART TWENTY FOURTH. 105 PART XXIV. T'oya^c of Bontclcoc van Iloorn to the East Indies and China and F'oyage of Ravens to Spitzhergcn. Die vier und zwanlzigste, i. e. the twenty fourth voyage, con- taining: first, the remarkable Aoyage to the East Indies by William Bon tekohe von Horn, begun 28th December 16 J 8 and finished 1 6 tli November 1625; secondly, a voyage by the com- mander Dirck Alberts Raven, to Spitzbergen, in the year 1639, — with the necessary plates, published and edited by Christophel le Blon. — Francfort, 1648. Vignette: a vessel blown up by Conflagration. Dedication, 5 pages. Short Advice to the reader, 2 pages. Text, p. 1 — 81. 10 plates, one of which is a por- trait of Bontekohe. In the Dedication of the present Part the Editor states that having been in Holland lately and having there not with a Dutch account* of the Voyage of Bontekoe (spelt "Bontekuhe"), he consider'd it worthy of being published in German in order to form a Continuation of that Series of Voyages and Travels, which had been published heretofore by Hulsius. He protests like many of his Brethren have done after him, that it is not • Journal of te gedaankwlrdige Beschryving ran de Oost-Iadische Reyse 161S — IG^S, vau Will, Ysbrand Bontekoe. 106 Nx\yigatioin:s, part twenty fourth. gain or lucre, but only the Benefit and Pleasure of the Public which he had in View by doing so. He further stales that lie has personally engraved the Plates and that he has added the short account of the Voyage of Ravens in 1639, because it also contains a great deal of curious matter. Christophel Le Blon appears to have succeeded both De Bry and Hulsius, several of the later Editions of both Col- lections having been published by him, a circumstance explained by that passage of the preface of our present number, where he states that he was an Engraver and might thus find it convenient to publish Books with Prints and thereby make this Proficiency available. The Vova^e of Bontekoe forms one of the most interesting Papers in Thevenot's Collection * and has also been reprinted in the '•''Recueil des Voyages de la Compagnie hollandaisc^^ ** in both instances however with material abridgements. Our Edition contains a Translation of the whole of the Dutch Ori- ginal and even Bontekoe's Portrait is copied and makes a very showy frontispiece. Bo^'TEKOE embarked as Captain on board the "Neuhorn" and sailed from the Texel Decendier 28. 1618, doubled the Cape the 18th of May 1619, touched at the Island of Sancta * Camus, Memoire, p. 305. " Rouen 1725, vol. VIII. NAVIGATIONS, PART TWENTY FOURTH. 107 Maria and when in tlie straits of Sunda, November 19. 1619, their Brandy begun to burn from the negligence of the Person who had the care of it. The Fire caught the Coals, the Supercargo and many of the sailors took to the boats and cowardly left the Narrator and 119 men in the Vessel which had above 400 barrels of gunpowder on board and was blown up with a tremendous shock. The Captain was most providentially saved and picked up by the one of the boats, who had kept near tlie burning wreck and after a great many handships reached an Island in tlie vicinity of Sumatra the 2d December. After several unsuccessfull attempts the Crew and Cap- tain there got a supply of Provisions and being beset by the ill-disposed natives were happy to be able to put to sea once more. They at last reached Java where Bontekoe met Captain Iloutnian in command of a Squadron of tw'enty-three Dutch Vessels and was by his recommendation appointed Captain of "tlie Bergerboat" by General Coen, the well known Dutch Governor. Bontekoe was two years employed on the Coasting Ser- vice and was then commanded to join a squadron bound for China, there to try all means of establishing the intercourse of the Dutch with that Empire. * They sailed from Batavia * In Aslley's Collection of A'oyages and Travels, vol. III., p. 492 the History of this Expedition is reported from another Authority, viz. from the Voyage of o2 108 NAYIGATIONS, PART TWENTY FOURTH. April 10. 1622, and our Author was present at all the interest- ing Proceedings related in the Volume quoted below. His ac- count agrees in almost every particular with that of van Rech- teren, but his quaint Language gives an additional charm to those curious and almost wonderful adventures which he relates. He returned to Batavia in April 1624 and at last returned home in February 1625. On liis passage he again encounter'd a storm in the straits of Sunda, visited Madagascar, refitted there and arrived in Holland after an absence of seven years. Raven, the author of the second Memoir left the Texel the Till May 1539, for Spitzbergen, in sight of which he cam& the 21st. Having been beset with Ice, he lost his Vessel and was most providentially saved and carried home by another Dutch vessel after having lost in the Shipwreck 66 out of 86 men of his crew. The Volume is concluded by several "wonderful stories" of remarkable shipwrecks and containing materials sufficient to write three or four volumes of "Histoires cle Naufragesy llechteren published in Dutcli nnder the Title of "Voyage naar Oost- Indie von Seygcr van Rechteren." 2 voll. 1630. 4to. NAVIGATIONS, PART TWENTY FIFTH. 109 PART XXV. Brawer and IlerTcennan's Expedition to Chili. Die fiinf und zweyntzigste ScliilTalirt, i. e. the 2otli ^Voyage (in the Kingdom of Chili in the West Indies) performed by Mr. Henry Brawer and Mr. Ehas Herckermann in the Years 164*2 and 1043. \'\'ith a description of the Islands of Formosa and Japan. With the plates thereto belonging. Francfort, printed for Christophel Le Blon, 1649. Vignette : Camel sheep of Chih. Printers Dedication to the Sheriff of Francfort, 6 pages. Address to the Reader 2 pp. Text, p. 1 — 62. 3 maps and one folding plate. The present part of our Collection forms a Chapter in the History of the Dutch West India Company, a powerful body of merchants at the Time and all but Rivals of tJie East India Company. Encouraged by the Success of the latter they re- solved to try their Success in an Expedition to Chih, there to traffic with the Natives and to oppose the Spaniards upon a new field. Henry Brawer, one of the Directors of the Company, and a very enterprising man, prevailed on the other shareholders to be allowed to undertake the Voyage proposed by him and in which proposition he was supported by his friends. He left no NATIGATIONS, PART TWENTY FIFTH. the Texel the 6th November 1642 with three vessels, arrived at Fernambuco in the Brazils, then a Dutch Colony and there held a conference with the Dutch Governor of tlie Brazils, Count Maurice of Nassau on the best attainment of his Object. — The result of the Consultation being favorable to his views, he left Fernambuco on the 15th January 1643 and after a great deal of trouble occasioned by excessive cold and storm, he got in sight of Chili April 30. 1643. The communication with the Inhabitants had hardly been established upon a plan of mutual advantage, when Henry Brawer died, — the 7th of August — and Mr. Elias Herkerraann was named his Successor in Com- mand. The new Commander concluded a treaty with the in- habitants against the Spaniards, they ceded him an encampment near Baldivia and provided all sorts of Stores for the Vessel. — After a stay of some months, the Expedition left Chili Octo- ber 19, and arrived in the Brazils by the End of the Year 1643. — The description of the Island of Formosa and of Japan, the publisher says, has been furnished him by a traveller in those Countries, the brother-in-law of Sheriff Grambsen of Francfort, to whom this part of the Collection is dedicated. NAVIGATIONS, PART TWENTY SIXTH. HI PART XX YI. Danish Attempts to discover a ISorth-west Passage under Jens Munch. Die XXVIste Scliiff-Fartli, i. e. the 26l,h Yoyage. Description of a very dangerous Yoyage, made by Captain Jolin Miinken in the Year 1619 and 20 ... . with an Introduction containin"; an account of old and new Greenland. Francfort, Le Blon, 1640. Yignette: A man in a boat, chacing a Seabear. — Dedication to tlie bi-otJier of the publisher, 'Hhe very Honourable Michael Le Blon, Minister Resident of His Swedish Majesty in Great Britain," 6 pp. Preface to the Reader, pp. 1 — 4. — Text, p. 5 — 60. — Description of the plates, p. 61, 62, 64. — 10 plates, 1 map. This part of our Collection opens with an account of the several attempts of tlie Search of a North-west passage and proceeds to state the Efforts of the Danes under Munck, re- ferred to in the Edinburgh Cabinet Library, vol. I., p. 246 and foil., to which valuable YTork I owe the following Analysis. Is 1619 Christian lY. sent out two well-appointed vessels under Jens Munk, who had the reputation of a good seaman. He succeeded in penetrating through Hudsons Straits into the bay, whereupon he took upon himself to change the whole nomenclature of that region, imposing the names of Christian's 112 NAVIGATIONS, PART TWENTY SIXTH. Straits and Christian's Sea, and calling the western coast New- Denmark. But this innovation which was contrary to every principle recognised in such cases, has not heen confirmed by posterity. When September arrived and the ice closed in, he thought it prudent to seek winter- quarters, and accordingly established himself in the mouth of an opening which, it is highly probable, was that channel which has since been called Chesterfield Inlet. The season seemed to open with the best promise, commodious huts were constructed and there were both abundance and variety of game. His people witnessed some of those brilliant phenomena that are peculiar to high latitudes; at one time were two and at another three suns in the sky, and the moon was once environed by a transparent circle within which was a cross cutting through its centre. But, instead of amusing their minds and improving science by noting these beautiful appearances, they were depressed by viewing them as a mysterious presage of future evils. Frost now set in with all its intensity; their beer, wine and other liquors were converted into ice; the scurvy began its ravages ; while they, ignorant of the mode of treating it, employed no remedy, except a large quantity of spirits, which has always been found to aggravate that frightful disorder. Unfit for the exertion necessary to secure the game with which the country abounded, they soon had famine added to their other distresses; NAYIGATIOINS, PART TWENTY SIXTH. 113 and their miseries seem to have been almost Avithout a parallel, even in the dark annals of northern navigation. Munk himself was left four days in his hut without food; at length, having crawled out, he found that of the original crew of fifty -two no more than two survived. He and they were overjoyed to meet, and determined to make an effort to preserve life. Ga- thering strength from despair they dug into the snow, under which they found herbs and grass, which being of an anti- scorbutic quality, soon produced a degree of amendment. Being then able to fish and shoot, they gradually regained their na- tural vigour. They equipped anew the smaller of the two ves- sels, in which they reached home on the 25th September 1620, after a stormy and perilous voyage. The commander declared his readiness to sail again; and there are various reports as to the cause why he did not. Some say, that having in a con- ference with the king been stung by some expressions which seemed to impute the disasters of the late enterprise to his mismanagement he died of a broken heart. But Forster relates that during several successive years, he was employed by His Majesty on the North Sea and in the Elbe, and that he died in 1628, when engaged in a naval expedition. Le Blon, the pubhsher of the three last Parts of our Collection, died shortly after the publication of the XXVIth, 114 NAVIGATIONS, PART TWENTY SIXTH. the Copyright passed Into other hands, less clever than those of the original projector and his immediate successors and no more "Navigations" appeared; some of the former Parts must have become rare as we see by the "Catalogue" that a fourth Edition of the third Part was published as late as 1660. List of Books of which Levinus Hulsius was the Author AND Editor. 1. Tlieoria et pi'axis quadranlis geomelrici etc., with 37 Plates. Nurnberg, 1594. 4to. 2. Eiiie kurze Beschreibung des Konigreichs Ungarn, i. e. a short Description of the Kingdom of Hungary. Nurnberg, 1595. 4to. 3. Historische Relation von Siebenblirgeu, Moldau und der Wallachei, i. e. Historical account of Transylvania, Moldavia and Wallachia. 1595. 4to. 4. Chronologia Pannoniae. rsurnberg, 1596. 4to. 5. Ocularis et radicalis demonstratio usus quadrantis etc. Nor., 1596. 4to. 6. Dictionarium. German and French Dictionary, with an account of the pro- nounciation. 1596. 4to. 7. Geographische Beschreibung einiger Provinzen in Frankreich und Flandera mit einer beigefiigten Charte, i. e. Geogi-aphical Description of some Provinces and Cities in France and Flanders, with maps. 1596. 4to. 8. XII. primorum Caesarum et LXIV. ipsorura Uxorum et Parentum Icones ex numis, cum notis, Francfort, 1597. 4to. Reprinted Spirae, 1599. 4to. 9. Descriptio et usus uiatorii et horologii Solaris etc. 1597, 12rao. Reprinted Francfort, 1613, 1632. p2 116 LIST OF BOOKS etc. 10. Lebensbeschreibung der 12 ersten romiscbon Kaisern, auch ilirer Gemah- linneu und anderer Anverwandten. A German Edition of the Work under Ps'o. 8. 1599. 4to. 11. Dictiouaire Franpais- Allemand et Alleraand-Franfais etc. 1600. 8vo. This Dictionary was frequently reprinted, the 3d Edition appear'd at Francfort 1607. the last in 1655. 12. Bericlit von der franzosischen Aussprechung nach Form einer Grammatick. A Treatise on the pronounciation of the Frencli Language. 1602. Svo, 13. Erster Tractat der mechanischen Instriimente. First Treatise of mathema- tical Instruments: on a new quadrant. Francfort, 1602, 4to. 14. Bericht des neuen geometrischen grundreisenden Instrumentes, i. e. Second Treatise on the Instrument called Planimetra. Francfort, 1604, 4to. 15. Beschreibung und Unterricht des Proportional-Cirkels, Jobst Burgii, i. c. Third Treatise : on the new Compass invented by J. Burgius, Francfort, 1604, 4to. 16. Beschreibung des Viatorii oder Wegzahlers, i. e. Fourth Treatise containing a Description of the Viatorius or Pedometer. Francfort, 1604. 4to. 17. Leben aller romischen Kaiser. This Work also appear'd in Latin under the Title of: Series Imperatorum Romanorum a Cajo Julio Caesare ad Rudol- phum II. ex priscis recentibusque Numismatibus. Francof,, 1603, 1605, Svo. 18. Dictionarium italic© - germanicum et germanico-italicum. Francfort. 1605. 4to. Frequently reprinted, 19. Grammatica Italica, Francfort, 1605. 4to. Frequently reprinted, 16i8j 4to. 1652, Svo. LIST OF BOOKS etc. 117 20. Dictionariuni, deutsch, franzuslsch, italliinisch, lateinisch, sainmt einer kurzen UnterricLtung der deutschen und italiiinischen Sprachen. German - French - itslian - latin Dictionary with a short grammar of the german and Italian Languages. Franc- fort, 1606 (1628, 1631, 1644). 4to. 21. Epitome emblematum panegyricorum academiae Altdorff. Noriinb., 1602. 8vo. 22. Sammlung von 26 Schiffahrten in verschiedene fremde Lauder durch Lev. Uiilsium und eiuige andere aus dem HoUandischen ins Deutsche iibersetzt und mit allerhand Anmerkungen versehen, i. e. Collection of Six and Twenty Voyages and Travels into different parts of the World etc, etc. Nurnberg, Francfort and Ha- nover, 159S to 1660, 4to, Of this Work the following Editions have appeared: Part I. 1st Edition 1598. 2d Ed, 1600 (?). 3d Ed. 1602. 4th Ed. 1606. 5th Ed. 1025. II. - - 1602. - ■ - 1605. - - 1615. ni. - - 1598. - - 1602,=^ - - 1612.(?) - - 1660. IV. - - 1599. ■ ■ - 1602. - - 1612. in latin 1599. V. - - '1601. - - • 1603. - -t 1612.0 in latin 1599. VI. - - 1603. • • - 1618.° - - 1626.° VII. - - 1603. ■ ■ - 1606.<» - . - 1624.° MU. - - 1605. • . - 1608.^ - - 1640.° IX. - - 1606. . ■ - 1612.° X. - - 1613. XL 1st Section 1612. - - 1623. 2dSect.onIyl613. XIL IstEditioi 11614. - - 1627° XIII. - - 1617. - - 1627.° XIV. - - 1617. - - 1628.° XV. . - 1617. - - 164S.° XVI. only - 1619. XVII. - - 1620. X\UI. . - 1623. XLV. - . 1626. 118 LIST OF BOOKS etc. Part XX. only Edition 1629. - XXI. - - 1629. - XXII. - - 1630. - XXIII. - - 1633. -XXIV. - - 1648. - XXV. - - 1649. -XXVI. . - 1650. o Without indication of the Numlier of the Edition. * Title Vignette cracked. t Vignette re - engraved. E R R A T A. Page 23 line 16 for one read our 27 - 23 - detenninnted r«ad tfrmhwtrd - 28 - 8 - entoastcd i-ead vntnisted 29 - 20 - in hospilfible read iuhospituble - 31 - 3 - last read lenst 37 - 7 - Vupucio read Vrspucio 44 - 9 - our read one 46 - 4 - subordhioiion read insubordination 88 - 13 - ivho read whom 90 - 1 - liverly read lively - 105 - 12 - not read met PRINTED ET TROWITZSCH AND S0^. EERlin. ERRATA. 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